Papers of Lachlan McIntosh, 1774-1779 [sic]

Collections

of the

Georgia Historical Society

Vol. XII

The Papers of Lachlan McIntosh, 1774-1779 ^^11*?*^"!

Edited by
LiLLA M. Hawes

SAVANNAH, GEORGIA
THE GEORGIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY

1957

Digitized by the Internet Archive

in 2010 with funding from

Lyrasis IVIembers and Sloan Foundation

http://www.archive.org/details/collectionsofgeo12mcin

INTRODUCTION

The papers of Major-General Lachlan Mcintosh (1727-1806)
are of unusual interest and value, not only because they contain
much military history of Georgia during the Revolution, but
more especially because they show the political situation in the
state during the war and immediately thereafter. So far as the
records show, however, the rather large collection of his papers
at the Georgia Historical Society (71 items, comprising his letter
book, 68 miscellaneous letters and papers and 2 maps) have been
consulted only a few times and none of them, except two of the
letters to George Washington, have ever been published.

We believe that these papers were once in the collection of
Joseph Vallance Bevan^ as "A table of the documents collected
by Joseph Vallence [sic] Bevan . . ."^ lists many, but not all of
them. Bevan died in 1830 and in 1840 the Georgia Historical
Society appointed a committee to ask Dr. William C. Daniell,
the administrator of his estate, for the entire collection of papers.
The committee "made a report adverse to the request."^ At some
later date the Society came into possession of some, if not all that
then remained, of the Bevan papers, though nothing has been
found in the Minutes to indicate how or when they were acquired.

Many of the papers in this collection are copies which Mcin-
tosh retained; some of the originals found their way to other de-
positories and private collections.

We have recently been given photostats of Mcintosh papers in
the New York Public Library, The New York Historical Society,
The Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Duke University, The
William L. Clements Library at the University of Michigan,
Draper Manuscripts at the State Historical Society of Wisconsin,
and the National Archives. These supplement the papers in this

1. Bevan, a lawyer of Savannah, began writing a history of Georgia
about 1825. He amassed a large collection of papers, some originals and
others copied from private collections and state archives. The originals of
many which he copied have since been lost. What remains of his manuscript
history and other papers are in the Georgia Historical Society library.

2. This list is mentioned as being in the Peter Force Georgia Transcripts
in the Library of Congress in Handbook of Manuscripts in the Library of
Congress (Washington, 1918), 140. A copy of the list was furnished us by
the Department of Archives and History in Atlanta.

3. Minutes of the Georgia Historical Society, I, 24, 26. Manuscript.

Society's collection and many of them bear characteristic nota-
tions by Mcintosh, which indicates they were once a part of
his own collection which became widely scattered some time after
his death.

We also have a microfilm of the Mcintosh papers in the Peter
Force Georgia Transcripts in the Library of Congress. Many of
these are copies of originals now in this library; others are on the
Bevan list of documents, which shows that they, too, were once
a part of Mcintosh's collection. Some of the Force Transcripts
are so faded they cannot be read on the film.

Some of the following papers are in very bad condition, faded
and mutilated. As many of them are rough draft copies, they
are full of insertions and crossed-out words and phrases, making
the task of transcription difficult. They are published here as in
the original except that raised letters have been lowered, dashes
in the middle of sentences have been changed to commas or semi-
colons and those at the end of sentences have been changed to
periods. Where words or phrases have been carelessly repeated,
e.g., "Certified Certified," the repeated words have been eliminated.

We are indebted to Mrs. Edward H. Hopson for her invaluable
aid in helping copy and proofread the papers and to Alexander
A. Lawrence for his advice and suggestions.

PART I

Letter Book

1 776 - 1777*

4. This letter book is in very mutilated condition, faded and barely
legible in places. Most words that are missing entirely have been indicated
by three dashes for each word as nearly as could be determined how many
are missing. In many instances only parts of words are missing. The miss-
ing parts have been supplied between brackets. Some words which are miss-
ing and which seem obvious from the context have been bracketed in. Most
of the letters are in Mcintosh's hand; others were copied in by clerks. For-
tunately the first two letters were previously published in Peter Force, ed..
American Archives (Washington, 1844), 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 119, 1106-07. The
letters as given here are filled in from this source. The differences in spell-
ing, punctuation and capitalization are the differences between the copy
and the one in the letter book. The second letter, dated April 28, 1776, is
also in George White, Historical Collections of Georgia (New York, 1854),
95-96.

LETTER BOOK OF LACHLAN McINTOSH, 1776-1777.

Savannah, in Georgia, March 8, 1776.
Sir: I did myself the honour to write to your Excellency the i6th.
ult.,^ which, for want of conveyance, lies here still, as our Continental
post is not well regulated this length yet. It is hardly worth troubling
you with any report of our battalion, as I have heard from very few
of our recruiting officers, and we have only between twenty and
thirty men of them in town; but the transactions here since that time
may deserve some notice. The men-of-war at Tybee, though still
giving out that they had no hostile intentions against this Colony,
were encouraging our slaves to desert to them, pilfering our Sea-
Islands for provisions, and our Governour broke his parole of honour,
and went privately in the night with his family aboard the Scarbor-
ough, Captain Barclay, which gave us every reason to expect they
meant to land at or near the town, destroy it, and carry off about
twenty sail of shipping lying in the river, having, among other articles,
near three thousand tierces of rice on board.

Between three and four hundred of our own Militia, and one hun-
dred from South-Carolina, were all that could be got to defend an
open, straggling, defenceless, and deserted town, with numberless ave-
nues leading to it, and those men under no control or command what-
soever; and, to add to the anarchy and confusion we were in, our
Council of Safety had not met for some time, having differed about
the meaning of a resolve of the Continental Congress respecting the
ships sailing the ist of March. In this desparate state of affairs, I ven-
tured to take the command of the Militia, lest the Colony should be
tamely given up, though, I must acknowledge, with some reluctance;
and, after examining very particularly, as I was unacquainted, around
the town, I placed guards everywhere the enemy could land, and am-
bushes in the different roads leading to it, which made the duty very

5. The letter referred to here is in White, Historical Collections, 92-93.

severe, and reduced our number in town greatly. In the meantime,
the Cherokee, the two transports, the armed vessels and boats, came
up the river within two and a half miles of town, near where we sunk
a hulk in the channel of the river, and opposite to Brewton's planta-
tion, where I placed a detachment of hundred and fifty men, under
command of Colonel Bullock, expecting they would attempt to land
there. The enemy were parading with their boats for several days
within gunshot of our sentinels, who, though they were ordered not
to fire unless they were fired upon first, or they attempted to land,
gave them several shot, but were not returned.

Our Council of Safety were got together, and resolved the shipping
should not sail, and ordered they should be unrigged. The evening of
the 2d March, one of the transport ships, (The Schooner Hinchin-
brook,) and Sloop St. John, of eight or ten guns each, with some boats,
sailed in our sight up the North River, back of Hutchinson's Island,
lying opposite the Town of Savannah, but so far off that a little
battery we had below the town, which played upon them, could do
no damage to them. Expecting the enemy intended coming round
Hutchinson's Island, and down the south side of it, to make their land-
ing good at Yamacraw, (a village three or four hundred yards above
the town,) I had three four-pounders carried there, a little battery
erected in haste, and threw up intrenchments, and withdrew part
of the guard at Brewton's, without weakening too much, or with-
drawing any of our ambushes on that side, lest it might be a feint
to deceive us. About the middle of the same night (as we were after-
wards informed) the Commodore, Barclay, and Majors Grant and
Maitland, with about three hundred men, as it was said, landed on
the back of Hutchinson's Island, with some howitzers and field-pieces,
and, with the assistance and contrivance of all our own seafaring peo-
ple, and many from the town, crossed the Island and hid themselves
aboard of our merchant ships, which were previously hauled close
to the Island, a little above our battery at Yamacraw, for that pur-
pose. Early^ on Sunday, the 3d, the two armed vessels, intending to
cover the enemy's landing, had come round the Island, and, coming
down on the south side, were attacked by parties of riflers ordered
for that purpose, and kept smartly engaged on both sides most of
the day, until they lost the tide and got around; while two sailors,
(Americans,) at the risk of their lives, stole ashore and informed me
the enemy were hid on board our merchantmen, and had taken
Joseph Rice prisoner, who was employed to unrig them that morning.
To confirm this intelligence, Messrs. Demere and Roberts were order-
ed to go only alongside the vessels, and, M'ithout arms, to demand
our fellow-citizen, Mr. Rice; but, to our astonishment, they were also

forced on board and kept, which convinced us our information was
true; and immediately our Httle battery of three guns began to play
upon them, which they returned, and was continued very smartly
with ball, langrage, and small-arms, from both sides for several hours.
Our men were inflamed, particularly at our own People who had
treacherously Joined the Enemy against us and were eager to Board
them, but we had neither boats. Sailors, or arms Proper for the at-
tempt, and the oars of the few Boats we had were previously stole
away, the General cry then was, to set all the Shiping on fire; in
attempting of which many of our People showed great Resolution
& Bravery; but, unfortunately the First Ship set on fire, (valued at
;^ 20,000 Sterling) was so large that she Grounded before she got up
to the others. Afterwards a Sloop was fired, which burned two others,
while the rest were Cutting away, amidst the Shot of our Rifles &
Langrage, & Sliping higher up the river, out of our reach with the
last of the Flood. In the mean time, many of the soldiers hastily
landed on the Island, in great confusion, running in the marsh in a
laughable manner, for fear of our rifles, though far past their reach,
until they got aboard a tire of ships higher up the river, and out of
the reach of our guns, near the armed vessels. In this manner ten sail of
our vessels went along with the enemy round the upper end of the
Island (a channel never known before) with sixteen hundred barrels
of rice, w ith the utmost anxiety and fear.

After being foiled in their scheme upon the town, the Commodore
and Majors eagerly and repeatedly solicited a cessation of hostilities,
for which they promised immediately to repair to Tybee, and not to
molest us again; which was at length granted them with seeming diffi-
culty, though the truth was, we had no means of annoying them by
water. The rest of the Shiping we Halted close to the Wharfs, con-
fined some of their Captains for acting against us, with our Chief-
Justice and some Counsellors untill they released our Fellow Citizens
Demere, Roberts, and Rice, and send them up from Tybee, where
our Enemys are all now gone. Whether thev Intend to try us again
or not, I am not able to inform your Excely. in this I think, they
rather lost than gain'd any reputation, and have done us great
Honour by being the Second Province on the Continent which they
have attacked and were shamefully foiled, we had in all our Different
Engagements, but two white men and one Indian wounded^ slightly.
They must have many both killed and wounded, though they ac-
knowledge but six. Several were seen to fall.

6. Letter book copy reads "but two white men & wounded

I have the honour to be, your Excellency's most obedient and
most humble servant,

Lachlan Mcintosh.

To His Excellency George Washington, Esquire, Captain-
General and Commander-in-Chief of all the Continental
Forces in America.

P.S. The ships-of-war have taken all the rice (sixteen hundred bar-
rels) out of the merchantmen that so treacherously went down with
them, and put it aboard their two transport ships, without paying a
farthing for it. They claim one-eighth for "wresting them out of
the hands of the Rebels," as the Commodore's certificate expresses
it; but I doubt they will keep the other seven-eighths also.

L. McI.

Savannah, in Georgia, April 28, 1776
Sir I wrote to your Excellency the i6th of February and 8th. of
March to which please to be referred; and now inclose you a report
of our battalion, made to me this Day which I defered sending you
before, in expectation of our officers comeing in with all their re-
cruits, but the distance they were obliged to go rendered it impossible.
I am informed that Captain Colson is on his way with his company
nearly complete;^ & with the other recruiting officers may make
above 70 or 80 Men more than the report; and is altogether above
half the compliment of the Battalion, which is more than the oldest
Battalion in South Carolina can boast of yet, tho near twelve Months
Standing, & their encouragement so much greater, their bounty be-
ing ^25 South Carolina Curren[c]y the like sum for cloaths besides
their rations and pay which is also better than ours, and if the ease
in which the poorest People generaly live in the Southern Coloneys
and the prejudice they have to any regular service, on account of
the restraint that any thing of a strict discipline requires is consid-
ered, I flatter myself your Excellency will think we have not been
idle. Chief of the men are inlisted for twelve months; some for
eighteen; and a few who would not engage for more than six months,
whom I have admitted, as I had no directions about the time, and
could not tell how soon we might have occasion for them.

Our Province allows six dollars per man, inlisting money; and,
upon application have raised it now to Eight dollars; which is still
too little for the bounty of the Men, and expense of the officer whose
pay is so small that they can barely aff^ord to live in an extravagant

7. Letter book copy reads "with near his company - - -"

Country like this, where there are no kind of Manufactures & the
small remains of Goods advanced two or three hundred per cent.
Indeed, I fear we shall be at the greatest loss to make out cloathing
of any kind for them or what is far worse proper Arms. The officers
who are not recruiting Employ all their time in Training themselves
& the Battallion on which Spectators are pleased to pay high compli-
ments, for the proficiency they have already made, and appearance
of the men, &c. The Raven and Cherokee are the only two ships of
war which remains now stationed at Tybee, in the mouth of savan-
nah river, with whom we have no kind of communication. Several
armed Vessels infest our other Inletts to the Southward, and made
several captures which we cannot prevent, as we have not a single
Vessel of any force but they have always been drove off the Shore
when they attempted to get a supply of provision.

We are informed there are two thousand men now in St. Augustine,
lately arrived, and that they expect more daily; but this wants con-
firmation, as I think, in that poor starved colony, they must be much
pinched for provision. This Province is now raising a troop of sixty
horse, to prevent their getting any cattle from our Southern boun-
dary, and another troop, of a like number to protect our Western
settlements from the insults of Indians who are like to be troublesome.

All things considered I certainly think this Colony should have a
considerable Force to defend and secure it, as its safety is of the ut-
most consequence to the great cause of the Continent, the Troops of
our Neighbouring Province are all upon provincial Establishment,
and at a distance, therefore, their assistance may depend upon many
circumstances.

I have the Honour to be your Excellency's most obt. & most
humble servant,

Lachlan Mcintosh
To His Excellency, George Washington, Esqr.
General and Commander in Chief

Savannah in Georgia
1 May [1776]
Butten Guinette Esqr.

D[ea]r Guinette I have remained constantly in since I saw
yoB, & have not heard of your fa[mily] and seldom from my own,
in all that time, [I] suppose nothing extraordinary has happened, or
[other] wise I should be informed. Our Enemys ha[ve] attempted
nothing worth notice, save some [of their] Vessels Attemting to pil-
fer in the Southern Fr[ontier] and makeing some captures in them,
and up I recom[end]ed to congress the rai[sing] 60

Horse, each one of them [assau]lts of these pirates,
to Supplys being sent [St.] Augustine [to] pro-
tect the Western [settlements] from the [depre]dations of the In-
dians in bad humour, & both a A Fort is also ordered

to be [built at the] mouth of the river Alatam[aha] with a
small partey and an arm'd boat a great measure prevent the
Ini[quitous] Trafique, of carr^ung rice and [other] Provision from
that river. These things [and] many others absolutely necessary for
the [safe]ty & protection of this exposed Coloney who [have] sacri-
ficed much more than any other on the [contin]ent, deserve the con-
sideration of the General should be made a General Charge.
[We] have been the second Colony in America that [has] been
attacked, and the Enemy repulsed (weak [though] we are) with
ignominy & Disgrace which undoubtedly [w]ill not pass unnoticed
in your August Houses and the principal actors Indemnified, how-
ever the Zublian Faction may prevail to Smother [i]t for their own
Sinister Ends, the Bearer Major Walton is Just ready to mou[nt]
Horse to Join you in Congress, & wi[ll] I woud say much
more to Information shall [seve]ral

Letters I wrote to you may comm[unicate]

Ga. Delegates, or the Congress at Large proper. My best

compliments [to] the Yankow, & tell him he must
I am Dear Guinette,

Yours af

Lieut. Col. Elbert, To His Excellency Gener[al Lee]

Savannah 14th May i [776]

Sir, I congratulate your Excelly. on y[our] arrival in South Caro-
lina, & am happy to k[now of the] appointment of a Gentleman of
your Character [and] abilities to the Chief Military Command in

the the Colony of Georgia. The Hble the Continenta[l Congress]

having directed a Battalion to be raised for t[he defense] of the
Province I judge it my Duty (in the a[bsence of] our Colo. Mcin-
tosh who is at present on our [Southern] Frontiers on some Im-
portant Business) to in [close for you]r Excellencys information a
return of the

The Officers & what Men we ha[ve] tive, take Disciplin

very fast & only want pr[oper ar]ms & Cloathing to make them ap-
pear formidable.

We have several Recruiting Officers out but [are dou]btful of
their Success, as the Carolinians give much greater Bounty in their
Provincial Service.

By an Officer who lately made his escape from [St.] Augustine
we have certain Intelligence of near a [t]housand Ministerial Troops
being in that Garris[on]. What their Intentions may be is uncertain,
but I am Firmly of opinion it is to make a diversion [in] this Pro-
vince conjunction with the Indians take advantage of Circum-
stances to assist and with the Armament now in north Carolin[a]
nsion the Savages are too Much inclin'd [to use] the
Hatchet against us & should that this Province without Im-
mediate assistance [from the] Northward would be reduced to the
greatest Imagineable. I have this moment been [informed] that
an Hundred of the Above Troops with [their of]ficers have lately
marched towards the Nation. I have the Honour to be

Very Respectfully
Your Excelleys. Most Obt Servt.
S.E.

Savannah 28th May 1776
[Sir] a few days since I receiv'd a pa[cket f]rom Thomas Bullit
Esqr deputy Adjutant gen[eral] of the Southern district directing
that a return [of the] Georgia Battalion of Continental troops be
Im [mediately] made to your Excellency in Compliance therewith
I take the first opp. of Inclosing the same.

The Number of Men we have at present th[ough] far short of the
compliments by much exceed our ex[pectations] Considering the
Infant state of the Colony and at [the] same time a much larger
Bounty given by our neig[h]bouring province in their Provincial
Service, however you may depend upon. Sir, that the Officers and
we have are unexceptionable and such as [will cover] them-
selves with Honour, whenever put to Try[al.] Pity it is, that they

are badly arm'd w and have no camp equipage at all notwith-

st[anding] I am certain so hea[r]ty are they in the glorious [cause of]
their Country that they would chearfully ta[ke the] Field when
necessary tho they should have n[o more] Covering than the canopy
of heaven. W[e have] undoubted information of about a thousand
Troops being the other day in St Augusteen, an of them with
proper Officers have marched for [the] Nation of Indians with In-
tent no doubt to be [joined] by those Savages in making a diversion
on our [South] em Boundary. This being the only province [in]
which our enimies could get fresh provisions [because] of our in-
ability to oppose them. I submit to [your] Excellencys Judgement
w[h] ether an imedeate add[itional] force might not be necessary to
prevent them shoul[d] they make an Attempt in order to supply

their frien[ds] who may be acting against the Carolina's & Virginia
which tis very probable they Intend by having such a force in the
Above Garrison. Our Colo. Mcintosh is at present on some Business
to the Southward of the Province he is expected to return in a few
days. When I have no doubt he will give you every necess[ary]
Information in his power. I have the honour [to] be very respect-
fu[lly]

Yr. Excellen[cy's]

(Copy) Mo. ob[t. & hble Servt.]

[To General Lee ?] S.E.

Savannah ii July 1776
[Sir] Yesterday I receiv'd a letter from your Cousin Walton
when you arrived in Williamsburg the 12th. ult [but n]ot a line
from you, which gives me this oppty [bad a]s I am at writing of
getting you in my debt the News from the Southward is Glorious
since you left us Sr Peter Parkers Fleet whom [we] have been
threatened with so long & was the subject [of] every Gazette in
Europe is totally Ruind in the very [f]irst attempt they made on
Sulivan's Island to which I [?] was Eye witness. And the Armys under
the Generals Clinton & Lord Comwallis kept at Bay on a Little

[islan]d contiguous to it without dareing to attempt , but I need

not enter into particulars [a]s our friend Werriat will be the bearer
of this to you Who is acquainted with every circumstance. Shall
therefore only Join in the general Joy and Congratulate you our
Friends & Country on our happy success. Mr Werriat will also in-
form you of the Particulars of all our Transactions in this Colony
since your departure, which will save Me some scribbling & at least
a Sheet of Paper a very scarce article. The fate of Sr Peter Parker
may probably determine that of America which you know I have
look't upon for some [time?] past as separated & Independant of
any other people or Power upon Earth. Yet I w[ould be] Content to
continue untill the Constitutions [of the seve]ral Colonys are Settled
& fixt well which re [quires] Mature Deliberation, & I apprehend

better d Under the Rodd [?] & some difficulties. We are two

much Elated & feel the want of a good [govern] ment, the Torys
now amongst us are ha[rdly worth] our Notice unless it is with pity
& Contempt. Other parties arise who I fear have other Vie[ws] than
an equal & Just Government & the hap[piness] of Mankind. Much I
think is in the pow[er of] the General Congress to remedy these
grow[ing] but hints to you are Sufficient. Please t[ell] friend
Guinnet (to whom I wrote by you) th[at] I have not time or paper

now to write to [him]. That I saw Mrs Guinnett and his Daughter
w[hen] I was last at the Southward the only time since he went away
& they were both well & sent him a Letter from Nephew some time
ago by the Post. Please also to give my Complimen[ts] to him &
Dr Hall & except the same yrself from

Dear Sir
(Copy) Yr Sincere frien[d] & humble S[ervt]

George Walton Esqr. Lachn McIn[tosh]

Savannah 29th. October 1776.
[General Robert] Howe

Dear General. I wrote you already this day, & this moment [re-
ceiv]ed an Express from the [Sou]thward that the Indians & people
from East [Flori]da after Destroying Old Williams Plantation Fort
Barrington upon the Altamaha [the]y Crossed that River & it is Said
have [at]tacted it, before day yesterday, which has [on]ly Eighteen
men to Defend the post St. Andw. [and] St. Johnes parishes are in
the utmost Con[fus]ion, no militia Can be had as they are [bus]y
moving theire families, & I heare [no] thing of the Carolina Horse
yet, the Express who brought this Account, Says a plantation was
Robbd yesterday Ten miles from St. Johnes meeting House, what
Dependance Can be plac'd upon this, I know not, but I must Sett
off immeadiatly, to the Southward, with what fiew Horse men, I
Can Collect. I am in haste Sir

Your most Obt. Servant
Lac Mcintosh

H[is] Excellcy General Lee

Sir I was honour [e]d with yr Excellencys [letter] of the 18 Inst,
by Colo. Elbt. & well pleasd [that] you had the safety of this Colony
so much [at] Heart. I send Lieut Seixas of our Bat[talion] Express
to Inform yr Excellcy. that I am J[ust] told by a Gentleman come
up the River [that] he saw a 50 Gun ship yesterday afternoon Sail-
ing over our Barr into the River wh[ere] 3 other ships lay at anchor
& 5 oth[ers] under Sail out side which fir'd several Gu[ns] and
are probably in by this time. This I [felt] proper to give yr Excellcy
the earliest Intelligence of as I immagine those Gentry will not be
guilty a second time of the same delay as in Carolina or allow us
to prepare for them o[r] yr Excellcy to meet them here again. I
have not any doubt myself but this is the fleet from Charlestown. I
ever was of the opinion they could not in Honour goe away with-
out attempting something & no place so probable as Georgia.

[I will] con[t]inually inform you of the iVIovements of [the e]nemy
& if we should not see your Excellency [s]oon which I hope will
not be the case [I wi]ll be glad of your orders.

I have the Honour to be yr Excellcys

Most Obt humble Servt

L.M.
Sav[annah] in Georgia 25 July 76
I enclose yesterdays Report.

26th. July 1776

Sir, I wrote to you yesterday by Lieut Seixas [expre]ss to acquaint
you of an Information I received [frojm a Gentleman of Carolina,
& since confirmd by [ajnother person whom I am Told may be
rely'd on, that [a] large Ship supposed of fifty Guns was ov^er Tybee
Barr & sailing up. Since that I have sent two of our Officers, Captn
Bowen & Lieut Habersham down the River, as near as they could
venture & they assure me there are but three Ships at anchor there
supposed to be the Raven the Cherokee & Bisels Ship which has
lain there since Barkley went away. I have not the least doubt but
the Ships mention'd yesterday were seen & are gone away again &
I learn since as if they Intended by this saihng to go i[n]to Buefort
Inlet. I have the Honour to be Sir

Yr mo obt hble Servt

Savannah 29 J[uly 1776]
To His Excellency Genl. Lee

Sir, I wrote to your Excellency the 25th by Lieutt S[eixas] & the
26th by Lieutt. Milton, neither of whom are yet [returned.] Nothing
extraordinary has come to my knowledge I forgot then to inform
you that a party of our Ho[rse] near Wrights Fort upon St. Marys
River with an to take it, but the armed Schooner St. John Sta-
tioned near the Fort in that River, & a Company [of] i6th. Graham's
intrenched three Miles above it, & a rep[ort] that 200 Indians were
come to that River to cut off [their] retreat. Obhged them to desist,
& retire to the next Satilla, where they are still encampt; besides
they [had no] Artillery many of their Horses were stole & most
of [ficers] as well as the Men were Jaded & tired out & bad weather.
In the mean time about two thousand Head of Cattle were carryed
off by Two Troops of Horse the Enemy have lately raised in East
Florida. I heartily wish the settlements of the Country were entirely
broke up, & Confined to their Castle. It would give the Colony some

10

rest from their Pilferers by Land & Water, and detach the Creek
Indians from their Interest. I am Your Excellencys Most

Obedient Humble Servant

Savannah Tuesday 29th. October 1776
[Sir] This moment I reed, an Express from Lieut. Coll. Wm.
Mcintosh that a great [number] of Indians and white's crossed the
[Alta]maha River, attacked Barrington, [de]stroyed some Planta-
tions around it, & the whole neighbourhood are in the [utmost]
Consternation moving their Families therefore you are to make
haste down there with what Horse you can collect in a hurry, with-
out [wai]ting to fix any forts but what you [ha]ve already to the
Westward.

I am in Haste

Your most Obedt. Sert.

Headqrs. Savannah Georgia 19th. Novr. 1776
Sir, I find you are desired by your Commandg. Officer to return
with your party to North Carolina to Join your Corps, and as you
have but twelve Men & some of them Sick in your party, I will
allow you & them to march to your Province.

The Value of the Horse, with the Saddle & Bridle will be allowed
your Province, if they are got again, as you think you cannot wait
for them. I wish you a good Journey & am Sir

Your Hble Servt.
L M
To Valantine Beard

Cornet of a Company of North Carolina Light Horse

Savannah ist. October 1776
Sir The Account of the Indians & Scouts from East [Florida] men-
tioned in my last was confirmed by Capt. [Allen] who made his
escape from Augustine last W[ednes]day, Week he says Proctor &

Langly Bry 200 Indians with them, that McGirth M Sampson

Williams had each of them a party [of] Horse Men. Capt. William
Mcintosh who returned to Barrington from Savannah went Im-
medeately Over the Alatamaha after them with his Troop & such
Miserable worn out Horse as he had, untill some Assistance could
be but I have not heard from him yet. I end [eavoured] to raise some
Militia in Saint Andrew's parish to Little purpose I went to Sunbury
Last Sunday where Colo. Mewhlenburg told me he could not parade
abo [ve] Ten Men, nor Major White upon St Catherines above Thirty
& am informed Summers upon Ausabaw is not in a much better State

11

however the Colo promised to Collect as many as he could from these
Islands & his own Regemt. & send them. Yesterday I Ordered Capt
Colson with i8 Men & Cornet Beard with Eleven of the Carolina
Horse to March Immed[iatel]y to Barrington & advised the Presi-
dent to Order some [armed] Boats to Guard the Inland passage at
the Mouth [of the] Alatamaha in case the Enemy sends any Force
Later to Co Operate with their Land plunderers

It was reported last Saturday before I left the Alatamaha, that Proc-
tor & his Indians Burnt Cameys House about Ten Miles South of
[thajt River, but has not been Confirmd yet. [C]apt. Allen who
seems a Sensible Intelligent Man [fu]rther Informs me they have
Only 700 Regulars [at] Augustine & 3 or 400 Other Inhabitants in-
cluding [the] agaders from Carolina & Georgia that the Raven
[and one] Other Ship of War are Stationed off their Barr Osbum
whom he Left in Augustine was to go & take a Brigg in St Marys
which is since done, & then Stationed with Capt Grant off the St
John's & a Capt Mowberry in a Sloop of Ten Carrage Guns in the
River St Johns. Yesterday Morning the Ship of War Stationed at
Tybee, Burnt the Pilate House & Ship Supposed to be the Cherekee
(Condemnd) with some Other Vessells & is now Lying with her
Tender at the Barr, they have Carryd every thing of any value away
Except a few Horses and Cattle of MuUrynes on Tybee.

These Informations I thought best to send you by Lieutt Howell
Express, rather than any Other as our present Weakness might be
Expos'd. I have the Honor to be

Your Excellys Most Obt [Servt]
Lachn. Mcintosh
Brigr Genl. Howe

[P.S.] It is said a Small Vessel came in at Ty[bee] the Day before
they set every thing afire & w[ent] out again Same Day, which
probably was an E

Dear General

Since I closed my Letter of this day [to] you, I reed, one from
my Bror. Capt. Wm. McIn[tosh] dated Barrington 30th. Sept. where-
in he informs me tha[t he] Ranged from the 25th to that Day with

his C[ompany] So. of the Alatamaha & is assured these [there ?]

not come over Sattilla River yet, but met [with] a man lately from
Augustine who confirms the Stor[y] of their setting oflF, & that part
of them are on this side of St. Johns River & part still upon the
other That there are three Men of Warr off of St. Augusti[ne]
Barr seemingly Stationed. I am very respectfully

Yr. Excell. most obt. Servt.
L M

12

Savannah id. Octobr. 1776
Instead of Lieut. Howel I send Ensign Roach. I believe my first
Letter by mistake is dated ist. Octob[e]r.

[Genejral Howe

[Sir] I wrote express to you the 2nd. Instant by Ensign [Roa]ch
to which I had no Answer yet. Our Convin this day discovered a
Plan of Attacting this [State }] in several Places at once by Sea &
Land from St. Augustin which the President & Council desired me
to inform you of by Express & to est to assistance of any Continen-
tal Troops you can spare, Particularly the Detachment [of] the Geor-
gia Battalion on Duty at Beauford South Carolina & the Armed Boats
carryed [fjrom this Place, with what Cannon & Ammunition can
be spared as soon as possible as they have Reason to Expect the
Attact [im]medeately. I had the disagreeable [duty] of Confining
a Lieut Washington of Colonel Summers Regiment in the Guard
House for Horse Stealing, Two days agoe whom I do not know
what to do with as I have not Officers enough for a General Court
Martial.

I have the Honor to be Yr. Excellencys

Most Obt. Hble Servt.
Lachn. Mcintosh

Savannah 7th. Octr. 1776
Colonel Mewhlengburg.

Dear Sir, By desire of the President & Council I have sent the bearer
of this Letter Express [to] Request you will make me immedeately a
particular Return of your Battalion the number of the Sick, and
those who are well and fit for Duty. I will begg the favour of you
also to get a like Return of what [troops] Major White has under
his Command, sen[d] it with yours by the Express. The reason [for]
this, is some Information made to the President Yesterday,
I have the Honor to be Sir

Your most Obt. Servt.
Lachn. McInt[osh]

Savannah 7 Octobr. [177] 6
Col. Mewhlengburg You will please to order Major White or the
Commanding Ofiicer at St. Catherines to Leave a Corporal & Six
Men at St. Catherines [and] Sapelo Islands, order two Commissioned
Offi[cers] with 30.40. or fifty Men as they can be Spared to Souther-
lands Bluffs, near Mr. Gwinnetts Plan[ta]tion, up Sapelo River, to
Guard it, & the rest of his Troops up to Sunbury, of whom I expect
an Accurate Return without Delay.

13

Headqrs. Sav. 8th. Octob. 1776
Lieut. Col. Wm. Mcintosh.

Sir, I am desired by the President in Council to get an accurate
Return made to me of all the Men, Horses, Arms & Ammunition in
the Several Continental Troops of Horse under your Command in
this State of Georgia immediately. As our Convention Sent for you
by Express some Days ago, I expect the Return by yourself in Person.
I am very Respectfully Dr Sir &ca.

[Colon] el Peter Mewlingburg.

[Sir] I am desired by the Presedent to that you will immediately
tell Capn. Woodruffe Captn. Morris or the Commang. Officer of
the Mariens to send one or [t]wo of the Armd Boates without delay
[to] be Stationed at the devidings between Broton Island & Frederica
to prevent any Boats going to or Coming from St. [Augu]stien.
I am very respectfully

Sir your Most Obt. St.

Lieut Colo. Wm. Alston

Sir As General How has not come as I told you I expected to this
State, and as you seem so very Impatient by your repeated Applica-
tion to me to go to North Carolina a few Months for the Recovery
of your health which appears to be in a declining State. I give you
Leave to go provided, you inform the General of it as you go throo
South Caro[lin]a by word or Letter.
I am Sir,

Your most Obedt. St.

To Brigadier General Howe

Sir I wrote to your Excellency the 7th Inst with return of to
which I had no answer by the post last night, nor is the man I
returned yet, which makes me at a loss how to act in many things.
Colo. Muhlenburgh and his Corps and all the North Carolinians
are very uneasy to return home as they have so few men left and
are all sick. I have endeavoured to keep them in humor until I could
[see] or hear from you which I beg may be as soon as possible.
Tom G[ray] returned from the Indian Country he was obliged to
run away from [his] own town in the middle of the first night he
arrived there to sav[e his] life he says Deputies from the Cherokees,
Creeks, Choctaws, & Chick [asaws] are now ment in Congress
at pensacola with Stewart to determine up [on] a general War
that 500 of the Creeks upon Floriday neck are already engaged,
and ready to begin upon us.

14

A Party of Lieut Colo Willm Mcintosh's Light Horse attacked

Scout at Satilla river, killed an Indian, took their Williams

and one Bell prisoners and several of their Horses they say
that Williams expected proctor with fifty Indians to his assistance
every hour when he was attacked, which seems to be a confirmation
of Tom Grays story which is very alarming to this State in its pres-
ent defenceless Situation. We have not above 200 well men of our
Battalion and very few of the others to occupy the various posts
necessary to be defended on our frontiers.

I shall be impatient to hear from you & have the honor to be

Your Excellys. most Obedt & most Hble Servt
LM

Savannah 2 2d Octor 1776

Lieut Washington whom I mentioned to you is still in confinement.

I have not time to give you an Acct of our promotion [s].
Per Singleton

Savannah 2 2d October 1776
[Sir] You apply to me (you say at his Excellency the Presidents
request) to point out to you the [p] roper Stations for your Regi-
ment of Horse for [t]he protection of Settled parts of this State, in
[the] present most alarming Situation; people of [w]ild extravagant
imaginations may talk of conq[ues]ts and extenting our Teritorys,
but every person [of] sober solid reason who are true Lovers of
[t]heir Country, must still see, that our Game upon the de-
fensive, without regarding Censure or opinions. For that end
[a]ccording to General Lee's opinions I think all the Sea Islands
should be evacuated imediately as we have every reason to expect
part of the British Troops and Navy will make this their Winter
Campaign Each Inlet should have one Galley & a small Boat to
attend her & one at Least & the stoutest Stationed at the Dividings
below Broughton Island to protect any Deserters from ourselves or
plunderers from the Enemy by Water On the first Landing of the
River Alatamaha which is our natural frontier should be a strong
Garrison not only to defend our Country from depredations, but
also to be able to make In [roads] into the Enemys upon every proper
Occasion in [con)unc]tion with the Gallies & Horse, small Guards
by [way] of Look outs may be placed at the mouth of each River,
between that and the Head Quarters in Savannah to give timely notice,
on any alarm. The Boats in each Inlet may answer that purpose. As
your Regiment of Light Horse is chiefly in [tended] for protecting
our Back settlements from the Incur [sions] of Indians or others it

15

is my opinion yr princip[al] Garrison & Head Quaners should be
at Barringt[on] on the River Alatamaha, the most Important pa

where three or four Troops should always ready at all times to

annoy the Enemy & break up their Settlements to the very Gates of
Augusteen, & Prevent their getting any of our Cattle; from' the Garri-
son a Subalterns Command may be sent Weekly to Satilla River for
a Retreat to our Scouts, also a Small Scout should go two or three
times Weekly to Beards Bluff upon Alatamaha wher[e] a Stockad[e]
should be Built & one troop Stationed, from Beards Bluff a Scout
should range in the same Manner to the head of Cananastchie River,
where anoth[er] Stockade & Troop should be fixed, from thence
they may Scout to Marborough Fort, upon great Ogeechie, which
I am informed is a proper Station for [a] Stockade & Company, but
as I am a Stranger West may be altered at pleasure, and [fro]m
thence to Hovendens Fort upon Broad River, [w]ho may Scout
very easily to Savannah River, [and] Secure all our Settlements, &
have a Constant [cojmmunication & Inteligence, that each may
& asist the other where there is Occasion [and] give timely Notice
to the Metropolis & all the [co]untry on any Alarm.

By this plan of defence I think we might [p]rotect our State
against all attempts upon us [an]d be ready to annoy our Enemys
on all [s]ides when opportunity Offers. And if generally [a]dopted
in America for a time will insensibly [sus]tain and quallify us in the
Cabinets & the Field, [un]til it Ruins our Enemys in Treasure &

Men will be glad to Leave us the whole [c]ontinent to Settle

& Improve at our Leizure. I am very respectfully Dr. Sir

Your Affectionat[e] Bror. & most obt. Servt.
L M

To Lieut. Col. Wm. Mcintosh.

[P.S.] You will please to keep a Scout Ranging continually to the
So.ward of the Alatamaha for Inteligence & prevent Cattle being
drove off. Especially untill a Stockade can be made at Satilla.

L M

Orders Head Quarters 24th. Oct. [1776]

Lieut Colo Wm Mcintosh to proceed im[medi]ately to Fort
Barrington upon Alatamaha to get it [in] the best Posture of defence
& keep Scouts as far [as] possible to the South of that River for In-
teligefnce] continually. Major Marbury to go up Savann[ah] River
as soon as possible & place a Troop [at] Hovendens Fort upon Broad
River who are [consjtantly to send Scouts round all the Settlements
[on] Savannah River and West to the Cherokee coun[try]. Another

18

Troop at Marburys Fort upon Ogechie which is to be moved two or
three miles higher [u]p are always to scout to Hovendens Fort &
[still ?] lower to meet the other scout, then the Major [will] proceed
with all expedition with the other Troops the directest course to
Fort Harrington which Lieut Colo & him are to see put in a good
state of Defence, Scouts Settled to be kept constantly at the South-
ward untill a Stocade can be made a[t] Satilla River, they are to
get a Stocade Fort Built at Beards Bluff on Alatamaha & another on
or about the Head Coonuchee River in each of which Troops is to
be stationed and a Subalterns Command between the uper & lower
Trading paths upon Ogechie River So. side, all these Forts are to
keep small parties continually Ranging from one to the other for In-
telligence and report every Occurrence to their commanding Officer
[at Bajrrington & any thing Extraordinary to Head Quarts, [in
S]avannah they are to suffer no one to pass out of [the] province
on no pretence without a pass from the President of the State, or
no suspected person or persons [t]o come into the State without
sending them with a Guard to Headquarters; the utmost caution is
necessary [to] give as little umbrage as possible to the Creek [Ind]ians,
untill we are sure they intend to break out with taking care at the
same time that no suspicious [pa]rty of them enters our Settlements
without watching [th]em well; you are to advise the Commanding
[0]fficer here at all times whatever Occurs, & give orders [to] that

purpose to the Officers at each of yr stations a Lieut & fifteen

Horse Men to Savannah to send occasionally to you or else where.
Your Company may be exchang'd monthly to the different Stations
for the conveniency & better Training yr Men taking always the
utmost care of yr Horses that they may be in order in Time of Need.
You are at all Times to be Vigilant & Watchfull Trusting Nothing
to the Treachery or Machinations of our Enemy but much must be
left to yr own directions & prudence.

A Small Party should be kept Ranging down the River Alatamaha
from Barrington to the old Fort for a Communication with the Com-
mand there & prevent an Enemy Crossing below you.

29th Octobr. 1776
Brigr. Genl. Howe, Charlesto.

See 8 Leaves back
Sir, My last to you was the 2 2d Inst per Mr. Single [ton] to which
no answer has come to me yet, nor has anything extraordinary come
to my knowledge from the Southward or Westward since. I have
Lieut Coll William Mcintosh & Major Marbury of the Light horse
Continentals to surround our Settlements with a Chain of Stock-

17

a[de] forts from the upper Settlement on Savannah River to Bar-
ringt[on] on the Altamaha the last to be their head Quarters as the
grea[test] danger at present is there and make inroads occasionally
into East Florida and Secure our Stocks, they are also contin[ually]
to range from one fort to the other to give timely notice of any
[thing] and assist each other as there may be occasion, we have
reason [to] expect something is brewing against among the Indians
and th[at] they will begin as they express it themselves when the
Red Coats great Ships attacks us from the sea. Yet we cannot make
the [natijves take their Stocks off and I believe will evade it at

Coll Mughlenbourgh who has only about loo Sick Men left now
altogether, none of whom are fit for duty and the North Carolinians
are become so very uneasy that I was obliged t[o] promise them
leave to return home if I did not hear from you post, they say
they will soon loose the recruiting season and eve[ry] chance of
filling their Regiments if they are not allowed to go without delay
and in their present state they are not fit for any duty here, there-
fore would be injuring the Service to detain them encreasing that
<iislike they have already but too much entertained to the Southern
States, if they should be ordered here again which I much doubt
must be the case soon. I Inclose you an Acct. of our military Stores
Scant Indeed! considering the probability of our danger in the win-
ter when nothing can be done to the Northward, yet it [is] impos-
sible to rouse our people to a Sense of it.

I have the honor to &c

Just as I had done writing the above I received your Express of
the 26 our convention have adjourned to 25 Nover. they have allowed
only ^^200 I think for building a fort on Tybee. I have not seen your
letter either to the [Pre]ident or Speaker yet.

Savannah 19th. Novr. 1776.
[Gen]eral Howe, Charlestown

Dear General I arrived here yesterday from the So.ward where
[I] found your favor of 31st. Ulto. inclosed in a Letter from [Co]lo.
Kinnon whom I had not the pleasure of seeing here.

I made you a Return of the Amunition and [M]ilitary Stores in
our State inclosed in my last Letter of 29th. Ulto. & believe they
are all Provincial & few as they are, by far too few for such [an]
Exposed State as ours, every Inlet of which will [a]dmit Ships of
almost any burthen. Capt. PhenLx [of] the Artilery Just informs me,
that he has not a Sheet [of] Cartrige paper, that he will want above
200. quires [he] says there is plenty in Charlestown. Fifty rounds
Ball for each Gun returned to you, and lom. pounds [w]t. of Gun

18

powder which I begg you will procure and [send a]s soon as pos-
sible, as I cannot help think [ing] Still but this State will be attacted
this Winter and our Interest, Duty & reputation requires it to be
put in the best posture of Defence.

I stayed fourteen Days at Alatamaha waiting for Major Marbury
of our Light Horse, whom I ordered to meet me at Barrington from
our Western Boundary to fix them at their different Stations, & send
a Large party to the So.ward, but I neither Saw nor heard from him
yet. The So. Carolina Horse came a few Days too Late to overtake
the Indians who occasioned the Alarm mentioned in my last, after
Scouring both Sides of the River Alatamaha 30. or 40 Miles above
Barrington. I ordered them to range as far as St. Marys to protect
any persons who choose to hunt up their Cattle, where they are
Still. All the damage the Indians did was to burn some Houses &
Provisions on both Sides of the Alatamaha but I could not Learn
their Number, or whether there was any white Men among [them]
or all white Men painted like Indians.

While I was at the So.ward one Oldis came in an armed Schooner
with 60 iMen & burnt a Settlement upon Frederica Island, & got off
before a party I sent down there could come up with them. Oldis
[and] all his Crew were Renegades from our own Province as I was
informed by a deserter from him. I am astonished the Armed of
Carolina don't rout those Little petty pirates. I have the [honor]
to be Dr. Sir,

Your &c.

Head Qtrs. Savannah 25th. N[ov. 1776]
Sir The 24th Ulto. I gave you positive written orders to co[lIect]
all the Men of your Regiment together, Leave a Comp[any] at each
of the Forts or posts, & march with the remainder to [meet] me at
the Allatamaha, that I might fix the necessary posts myself around
the province & above all to keep Continual Skouts fro[m] one Sta-
tion to the other & order the Commanding Officer at each pla[ce]
to inform me immediately of any thing extraordinary that occurr[ed],
A few days afterwards I informed you by Express that I had in-
telligence some Indians were come over the Allatamaha, & were
burning & destroying all before them, & desired you to hasten your
march & meet me at that River where there was no force to repel
them, & where I waited fourteen days in Expectation. I have since
visited the Several posts on the Sea Boards, & been some time at
Head Quarters, without hearing a Syllable, or receiving a Single Line
from you or any of your Officers, altho' we have repeated Expresses
from others in your Quarter that the Indians have killed some of your

19

people, & [illegible] of them, & in all probability will be a general
rupture, that the Inhabitants are moving off & in the utmost con-
sternation, those neglects Sir, it becomes my duty to te[ll] you are

unpardonable & without very good reasons given, must be of

without due & Strict obedience to orders, & regular & [p]unctual
Intelligence from every Quarter, the safety of the State is in danger,
which must not be trifled with; if your Officers or Men are disobedi-
ent send them down under Arrest, or Confinement, or have them
punnished according to their demerit & our Articles where you are,
or can do it. If any of the inhabitants encourage or protect the Men
in their disobedience report them [to] me. I am tired with repeated
Complaints from the back [c]ountry of our Light horse, being of
no kind of Service, that they are a great expence to the Country, &
instead of Guarding the Frontier as they ought are idling their time
in the Settlements, while the Inhabitants are continually Alarmed &
obliged to do Militia duty, & threaten to leave the Province if not
protected; these charges are a reproach upon the Service in [generjal
& must be remedyed, & shall expect your answer immediately to
every part of it.

I am Sir
P.S. I expect to hear of no Alarm or disturbance for the future
from any person before I have it from you or some of your Officers,
of which you will give each of them particular charge nor shall I
place any dependence on any other Vague Accounts.
Major Marbury of the Light Horse or any other Officer Command-
ing at Hogeechie Fort who is desired to forward it after perusal.
The above was Inclosed in a Letter to Lieut Colo. Habersham at
Augusta, & he was desired to go & see the Several Posts himself,
forwarded by Parson Holmes.

Head Quarters Savannah 27th Nov. 1776
Dr Sir I wrote to you yesterday by Dr Holmes inclosing [a] letter
to Major Marbury which I wish may be sen[t] to him as soon as
Possible. The Carolina Horse So. of Alatamaha are uneasy & want to
Return home wh[ich] will leave that Exposed part of the State en-
tirely Defenceless without he marches down immediately to take
Possession of the Several posts fixed there with [his] Light horse as
he was Ordered & Also to Releive Our Ca[pt.] Chisolm who
is afterwards to march to Savannah to whom you will Please
to write to that Purpose by the Major. & should be very Glad as
[I] Mention'd yesterday that you would g[o to] Ogec[hee] & Broad
River Forts yourself see a Troop posted in each of them or more if
Necessary & Scouts agreeable to my order to Majr. Marbury be-

20

tween them and Round the Settlements also enquire the Reason of
the Alajr Delay so long the cause of the Present disturbance in that
Quarter & the late Alarm & in short as full & perfect an Account of
the state of that part of the Country as you can get. I hope you
have by this time Satisfied Our Recruites & sent them oflF in Boats
& before Walker gets up.

I am Dr Sr Your Most Obt. Servt
Lachn Mcintosh
Lieut Colo. Habersham

8th. Nov. 1776
[Dear] Sir I was roused in the Midle of last night by your Express
[w]ith your Letter of the 5th & thank you for the intelligence it
[cjontained, which I should otherwise be ignorant of as General
Howe is gone to Sunbury & Muckinfuss gone after him with the
Presidents Letter. We should at all times be watchfuU [in] every
Quarter, & more so when the Enemy are in Motion [a]s I am of your
oppinion, that it is difficult to Reconcile what is given out to be
their Intention, with their Manuvres. Yet I cannot help thinking
Still, that Georgia is their object first, & you afterwards, as nothing
can be done this Season of the Year at No[rth]ward. They have
failed in every attempt hitherto; the Spirits of the people in England
they know must be kept up, & the Conquest of one province if never
so Small & weak, they may think will recover their reputation with
the Nation and I must candidly (but between ourselves) Confess we
are at present in a poor State of defence, distracted more than ever
by our Internal divisions no Troops come to us yet, but what we
had of our first Battalion! & a few Light Horse lately Recruited &
brought into no kind of order yet, & difficult to get them so, through
the Influence of Mischievous and evil disposed people, who temper
with & encourage them in their disobedience; these are discouraging
circumstances which only communicate to particular Friends, but
we are engaged & must encounter them all. Still hoping for a happy
Issue, I am very Respectfully
Henry Laurens

1 2th. Decbr. 1776
Sir According to Genl. Howes plan you are to get the import [ant]
post at Barrington (now call'd Fort Howe) well fortified, which Mr.
Heard is to lay out, & direct the making off with Stores & Maga-
zines for provision &ca., also a Stockade at Beards Bluff, & on the
m[ost] convenient places north Side of Satilla & St Mary's River
for the protection of our Stocks & facilitating Inroads into East
florida, the light horse of Georgia and So. Carolina, now at the

21

Southward are to remain there until further orders. As [I have]
Information that a Large party of horse & Indians are either come
or coming to St. Mary's River in order to drive off Cattle [and]
make Inroad [s] into this State, you are imediately to take as many
as can be Spared from the post at Barrington & with all Exp[edi]tion
march them as far South as you think it will be safe [to] disappoint
the designs of the Ennemy, annoy them as you find opportunity &
protect the Cattle hunters in getting their Stocks [to] the Alatamaha
and also fix Stockades, & Ferry Boats [at] proper places upon the
river Satilla & St Marys, to Retreat of yr. troops occasionally, you
are to try every [me]thod to discover the designs of the Ennemy,
their posts and Strength in each, & give me all the Intelligence you
can possibly get at all times, which will govern my future orders
to you. Be carefuU always to keep plenty of ammunition, provision
for the Men & horses at fort Howe & the other posts, that they may
ever be ready for Business at a Moments Notice.

I have appointed Mr. Anthony Norway in orders this Day, to
Act as Adjutant to your Regiment of Light Horse, & Expect you will
be diligent in Disciplining them. I am respectfully &c
To Lieut. Colo. Wm. Mcintosh
or Major Marbury

Since I wrote the above orders, I reed. intellig[ence] from the Com-
manding Officer at Barrington (Fort Howe) that some Indians
Murdered Hover, of the Light Horse upon or near the Road within
Six Miles of whom you are to pursue in all quarters until th[ey]
are overtaken.

Savh. 13. Decbr. 1776.
[Sir] You are hereby order'd to put Capts. Mcfarland, Benjamin
F[ew] & Cade and Lt. Willm. Bugg of the Georgia Light horse under
Arrest for disobedience of orders, & order them down to head quar-
ters at Savannah imidiately, for their Trial by a Court Martial, and
after that proceed to yr. post, you are to acquaint the commanding
officer of each post to the Westward, to inform me or the Command-
ing Officer here at all times of every Matter that occurs, and if extra-
ordinary by Express & to keep Scouts continually from one post
to another.

Lieut, [blank] Wilson

[of] the 4th. Company of light horse.

Inform every Officer that it is my orders to Inlist all the Men
they can get untill their [s]everal Corps are full; during the War, and
[to] Re-Inlist those they have already for that term.

22

13th. Deer. 1776.
[Genera]! R. Howe, Charlestown

[Per] Capt. Mowat.
Dear Sir, I reed, the Inclosed yesterday, & ordered my Brother &
Marbur)^- immediately to Harrington (now Fort Howe) with 200 . [lbs.]
powder & a proportion of Lead, & orders to hunt the assasins for ever
untill they come up with them. The Indians themselves have began
first plundering & now Murdering, therefore I see no Cause of Spar-
ing them any Longer where ever they are found. I doubt their Talks
from the Nation were all calculated only to amuse us, & I immagin
these small partys to be detachments from the large Body Colo. Law-
son informed us were at St. Marys. Our Convention I hear after some
more Wrangling, are at Len[g]th upon the State of the Province,
which I hope they will think Seriously upon, & bring to a happy
Issue. I hope you will think of the Cartridge paper. Cannon Ball,
powder. Guns, &c. that I mentioned to you. I have the honor to be
&ca.

& 2ist [per] Jacobs - prisoners - Vessels

Savh. 15th. Decbr. 1776
Hble. George Walton

Dr Sir I was call'd to Barrington (now Fort Howe) on Alata[maha]
upon Accts. of an inroad from the East floridians & Indians when I
receiv'd your favors of the 17th. & 19th. Septbr. & a few [days] ago
yr. Letter of the i6th. Ulto. by the Geo. Pacquett Capt. Burke came
to hand, I acknowledge myself faulty in not wri[ting] to my friends,
but am sure yr. Candour will impute it to the natural Dislike you
know I have to the pen, a[t] the same time should be sorry to be
charged with the n[e] gleet of any part of my Duty. I am much
obliged [to] you & very sensible of yr. Friendship, which I can assure
you is reciprocal, & may probably be put to [the] Test on both Sides
'ere Long. Our worthy friend M[r.] Wereat, has inform'd you of
the Scandalous attemp[ts] on the Character of my Bror. WiUiam,
Tho' I was the grand object, if they could pick a hole in my Conduct.
I need not inform you of the person or his Motives [who] is at the
Bottom of the whole; all his Inventions, [in]dutsry & nocturnal Meet-
ings, have only d[on]e me ho [nor] as he could not make a Sufficient
party, nor Venture [to] publish one Single flaw in my Conduct,
tho' I fear it may be productive of some Injury to the State, as many
people in the Country are throw [ing] every possible Discouragement
& Stumbling block in the way of [illegible] the army in order
to blame the Officers, what pity it is, that in so noble a Stnigle, there
Should be any other Views or Motives than those of Service and

23

good for our Country. A plan of an Intended Constitution was pub-
lished Several Weeks ago, & will come before the house in a few
days, in which are many things, that I am not very fond [?] of,
we are but a few people, and a plain Simple Form of Government,
with few Offices or Temptations will in my opinion, suit us best.
One Single house of Representatives, and an Executive Council Chosen
by the people at Large in their several Counties & parishes would
I think answer every purpose, but some I fear Lust after the old
flesh pott, [?] that Medley of all Governments the British, with its
numberless Offices & pomp, which neither we or our fathers could
Bear, or even understand aright, but I am going out of my Line by
entering on politicks which I sho[uld] leave to yr. other friends here
to inform you. I thank you for the mil[ita]ry Books you Sent me,
than which nothing could be more acceptable. [I] intend them for
the officers at Large, I shall inclose with this a join[t] Letter to you,
Docts. Hall & Brownson, with the necessary informations in my De-
partment, as I do not know the proper board to direct to, wh[ich]
I beg you'll inform me. I have hitherto only reported to the Gen[eral]

that Sufficient, that they might inform the Congress.

you can spare, I shall always thank you for any Information you can
communicate and wish you every Success &ca. &ca. [your]
cousins Robt. & George came to head quarters a few days ago
with abt. 70. Recruits from Virginia.

Savh. 17. Decbr. 1776.
[Per] packett Capt. Burk

Gentlemen [As] I do not know the proper board, or who to direct
to, I beg leave to inclose [a] return of the Continental Troops under
my Command, in this State to you, [w] hich I have hitherto constantly
done to the Gens. Lee or Howe.

The first Batallion of Foot including Officers and abt. 70 recruits
[which] were brought in by Capt. R. Walton is 538. Strong, with
Deserters, most of whom I expect to take, but they are so dispersed
in different [d]etachments to protect the various parts liable to at-
tacks on the sea board in the State, that they make no appearance &
are harass'd. Not a Single Man of the 2d & 3d. Batt. [h]ave
appear'd yet, all their officers except Cols. Elbert & Scriven are in
Virginia & No. Carolina Recruiting to whom I sent [p]ositive orders
to March their Men, as fast as they got them.

Our Convention to put us on a footing with So. Carolina [have all]-
owed Ten Dollars additional bounty & Two dollars to off[icer]
for each Man, which with our 100 acres of Land will have a good
Effect. Our 2 compys. of Artillery have but abt. 40 Men between

24

them; and our regt. of light horse abt. 300 Men, whom I am using
my utmost Endeavors to get into some order, & place them at proper
Stations to protect the Back Country & Southern frontiers from In-
cursions of Indians and from Augustine. As they have been hitherto
provincials & not accustom'd to Subordination, I find much difficulty
in managing them, & the more so as the Country people encourage
them too much in their disobedience.

Give me leave also to inclose a State of our ordinance & military
Stores, which you'll observe is very Scant, nor do I find that we
expect a Supply many of the few Cannon we have are not mounted,
& in bad order, nor have we a Single quire of Cartridge paper, very
few Ball, or hardly a requisite for them. Our fortifications are in the
same State they were when doctor Brunson [Brownson] left us,
therefore needless to mention. Two of our Gallies are Launch'd but
not fitted out yet & another on the Stocks, but you will observe we
have not Mettle heavy enough for them, these things I hint, that
if possible we may be supplied from Philadhia. for which purpose
I could wish the Geo. Pacquet was larger, Surely the Congress
will See the necessity of making every Effort to Secure this frontier
State, exposed to Danger & daily in Expectation of being attacked.
Our Convention have now the State of the province under con-
sideration, & hope they will adopt vigorous measures. Col. Habersham
has Commissioned Messrs. Bright & Perkins of Philada. to send
some arms, accourtements & other necessarys for his Battn., expecting
to be readier & better supplied that way and hope you'll see these
Gentlemen

I should be glad to be inform'd if the Congress expects me to make
these Reports regularly, & how [&] to what Board, & how to direct
to them, or if it shofuld] be made to Genl. Howe or any Officer
Commanding [in South] Carolina & by them to Congress. I am
respect [fully] &
To the honls. Geo. Walton, Lym. Hall & N. Brunson

Head quas. Savh. 19. Decbr. 177 [6].
I receiv'd yr. Letter with three Indian prisoners, & thank you
for yr. Vigilance & activity. You'll please to keep Scouts constantly
as far as you can to the Southward, & g[ive] every Intelligence
they can get, also Establish posts & stockades in proper places on the
north side of St. Mary's & Satilla Rivers, with a ferry boat at each,
and also a post as was formerly order'd on the Indian Line on Can-
noochie River & another upon the hogeechie in the most convenient
place some where abt. Queensborough. & endeavor as soon as possible
to accustom yr. people to Scout from one post to the other, as

25

Wells makes a great noise in Convention of the negligence of the light
horse. Tell each Officer of each post to give me the earliest Intelli-
gence of every thing that happens & try to relieve them monthly.
I just receiv'd Information of Seven Sail appearing off of Tybee.
To Lt. Colo. M'Intosh.
Commd. Offr. at Fort Howe.

Headquarters Savanah. 20th Decembr. 1776.
As there is a Company of Light Horse at Broad River, [o]ne at
the Head of Ogeechie, & you now inform, that Capt. Salter with
his company is stationed at the [B]uffalo Lick between the other
two, you are with [a] 11 the Men that are come in of your Company
[to] go immediately & Station your Selves upon Some [cjonvenient
place upon Ogeechie River, at or near [QJueens Borough, & send
some person immediat[e]ly to [in] form the Commanding Officer
at Barrington of it. [Yo]u are to keep Scouts continually out towards
[Ca]nnoochie & Marbury Fort at the head of Ogeechie [for] Intelli-
gence, & disco verys, & inform the Commanding [Off]icer here, of
every thing Extraordinary by express, [i]f needfull the Posts next to
you. Suffer no one [to] go out of the Province without a pass from
the President, and Suffer no party of Pilfering Indians or others to
enter the Settlements without warning the inhabitants, & watching
them well that they Steal no horses or Cattle, or do any Mischief.
At the same time you are to suffer none of the inhabitants to kill
them wantonly; keep your men together and dont suffer above one
or two of them on furlough in the Settlement at a time & not above
a week or two.

Recruiting Orders for Capt. Wal[ton] of [the Light] horse.
21 Decbr. 1776.
Copy of this to Capt.

You are by Beat of drum or otherwise to raise as many [volun]teers
as you can for the Regt. of Horse which you [command] but at
least the number you engaged before the Convention to bring into
this State, from the State of Virginia or north Caro[lina].

You are to inlist no men under the age of Sixteen nor over the
age of 45. Years, nor who is under the Size of 5. Ft. 2 Inches without
Shoes, or who has not Straight Limbs and is very w[ell] made;
neither must you inlist any man who is weak [or] has the least defect
in his knees, or who is subject to fits or [rup]tur'd, or has any appear-
ance of sore legs, Scal'd head, ulcers [or] running sores, on any
part of his Body, old wounds ill [healed] or any Infirmities in Body
or limb, neither must you [enlist] any notorious Rogues, or men

26

who have lost an Ear, or [been] drummed out of a Regt. nor any
indented Servants or appr[en]tices without the Consent of their
masters.

All Recruits must be duly attested before [a] Magistrate upon
their inlistment and receipt taken fo[r] the bounty money paid; the
Articles of War must be [read] to them at the time of their inlist-
ment or in 6 days thereafter. You are on no acct. to deceive any Man
to induce him to inlist with you, and all yr. Recruits must be in-
listed to serve during the present war, unless discharg'd by Con-
gress; Besides the Bounty & duty pay, each recruit who serves his
Time faithfully shall be intitled to loo acres of land from this State
besides [the] loo acres allow'd by the Congress; You must take all
care you can that the Recruits furnish themselves out of their Bounty
money, with Linnen &c & other necessaries, a return whereof must
be sent by them to the Regt. signed by you, and also a Return of
their age, service, &ca. &ca.

You are not to discharge any man after you have inlisted him.
You will be allow'd 2 doll[ars] for yourself for every recruit you
produce & is approved off at Head Quarters. Not less than 1 2 Recruits
shall be sent at a time to Head quarters; you may appoint a [illegible]

Serjt. for the purpose them, but you are to give him no promise

that his appointment will be con [firmed]. You are to apply to the
constitution [al] authority, where you shall recruit for their in
the Service you are sent upon and also for their assistance to appre-
hend any recruits, who may desert from you, you are to use yr.
utmost Endeavors to join your Regt. by the first of March next. You
are frequently to write to me or the Commanding officer of this
State, and give an acct. of yr. proceedings and of any matter of mo-
ment or Importance to the American States

Sav. 27 Decbr. 1776.
General Howe Last night I reed, both yr. letters of 23d. pr. Express
(Makenfuss) is recover'd, I sent for him, but cant find him,
as he is out [so] me [w]here keeping his Xmas, but shall send him
to you. I am [sorry] to find by yr. other Letter, that you have so little
Dependance [in] my prudence or Judgment I think I inform'd you
by a Letter which you have not yet acknowledg'd the receipt of,
that 3 Indians were taken & sent to me, who are now in Irons in Savh.
Suppos'd to be the murderers of hover; a fourth Indian who came
with them, as their accuser, I sent up to their Nation with Tom
Gray, with a Talk,^ a Copy of which with the orders I sent to the

8. A copy of this Talk, dated 23 December 1776, is in Mcintosh's Miscel-
laneous Papers, below.

27

Commanding Officer at Fort Howe, may probably make you alter
your opinion of me & think an Express to countermand these orders
needless.

Colo. Mcintosh & Marbury are now fixing posts upon Satilla &
St. Mary's river & will probably go as far as St. John. Our Conven-
tion have voted but the trifling sum of s^' ^o^ Fort Howe (Bar-
rington) and nothing for the Lower Fort at the ist. Landing of
Alatamaha, which I think the 2 most Important posts in this State,
but I'll try to do something at them by fatigue Duty. One of our
guard boats which should have been stationd at the dividings was
pleasuring & Idling their Time at Sapelo Island & a few days ago
a little Schooner from Augustine decoy'd the Capt. Woodruff & 3
of his Men on Board & Carried them off with some Slaves & other
valuable articles from the Island. The galley in the of the
Schooners men prisoners who were plundering [on] Shore, among
whom is Serjt. Montgomery of Capt, Wood [ruff's] Company who
deserted some time ago, & had him try'd by a General Court Martial
a Copy of which I shall [send] with that of Morris' 2 men who at-
tempted to desert [to] the Ennemy also. I have already asked yr.
opinion of the 8th. Article of the 14 Sect, of Warr & should be very
glad if you & the Genl. Gadsden & Moultrie wou[ld] Compare it
with the 2d. Article of the 18 Sect. & give [me] yr. opinions under
your hands for my Justification of Conduct on this & future Oc-
casions.

I can hardly believe that Howe has got to Trenton but could wish
you had given me the authority for with any other news you
could pick up. I am

Orders for the Officer Commanding the De[tach]ment of
Foot, Station'd at the first Landing North Side of Alatamaha.
You are to keep your Men in goo[d] order & molest no one in
their persons or property's up [on] the Road on yr. march, & after
you get to yr. Station when there keep a good watch always at the
old first Landing, & at the Mouth of Cathead Creek, to prevent the
Ennemy from coming on Shore, or plundering any of the Inhabitants,
any of whom you are to assist to the utmost of yr. power if attack'd,
You are to detach a Serjt. and Twelve men from yr. party to Sapelo
river to protect the Inhabitants there, to visit them at times & see
they are in their duty & keep a Constant Correspondence with them
& Fort Howe at Barrington for intelligence & inform me or the
Commanding Offr, here, by Express (if necessary) any Extraordinary
occurrence & the State of yr. Coman[d] take the best care of yr.
men their arms, ammuniti[on] accoutrem[en]ts & Cloathing & train

28

them daily. Visit the different post & Centinels often as well by night
an[d] in the day. try if you can get yr. men to build Barracks for them-
selves at the old Fort which is properly yr. Station when they can be
[shejlter'd from the Weather & where the fort is to be erected, which
may be done, by ordering some Fatigue men out daily for that pur-
pose. You are to suffer no rice or provision to be carryed out of yr.
district which you suspect may be carryed to the Ennemy's, or with-
out proper authority. [AUJow no persons to go to Augustine without
a pass from the president. You are to keep yr. post untill relieved or
order'd off, and as it is on the frontiers, & one of the most Important
for the Safety of the State it requires all yr. Vigilance Activity &
Industry. I am Sir

L. M.

Brigr. General Howe. Charlestown, 28th. Deer. '76

By his Negro Fellow Weaver.
Dear General. I wrote to you yesterday by Return of your Express,
where in I mentioned Capt. Woodruffs being taken prisoner & carryed
to Augustine. I have been applyed to, for an Exchange between Lieut.
Beecher and him, which I have waved untill I have your opinion,
which I begg you will give me as soon as you can. Our Ennemys it is
true, have given us an Example of Generosity in the Case of Colo.
Lawson, and I should not wish them to Excell us in Acts of Humanity
or Politeness, but on the other Hand, Mr. Beecher must be so well
known to all our Plans Strength &ca. that I think it would not be al-
together so prudent at this time, nor am I quite certain whether
it belongs to my Province or the Civil Authority.

I sent your Fellow with an or[der] get our Battalion Horses,
which you will please to return by Minis, Sheftall, or any other person
coming this way. I am respectfully Sir &c.

30th. Deer. 1776.
Sir, I am this moment informed by Express that a number of In-
dians have Invisted the Stocade at B [cards] Bluff upon Alatamaha
about 40 Miles above Fort Howe (Barrington) where one of the
Companies of Li[ght] Horse were stationed, commanded by Lieut.
Bugg; the Lieut with 12 Men went out it said to mar[ch on] them,
were fired upon by the Indians, about [two] or three hundred yards
from the Fort, & only f [our] or Five of them returned, & all Wounded.
The person who brought the Acct. to St Johns Parish is Wounded
himself but does not seem accurate.

As Colo. Wm Mcintosh & Major Marbury [went] to the Southwd.
of St Marys with all the Horse [Men that] could be spared out of

29

the Forts, I have ordered [Lieut.] Few with Eleven Horse Men &
a Capt. 2 Subalterns and 40 Men of the ist Battalion immediately to
mar[ch] to their relief. As I could not get a Battali[on] Horse for
your Man Weaver I have given him One of the Light Horse with a
Man to bring him back again.
I am Sir

Your Most Obt Servt
Lachn. Mcintosh

Savannah 30th Decemr. 177 [6]
Lieut Ignatius Few You are to march immediately the shortest
Way, and with all Expedition to Beards Bluff upon Alatamaha, where
I am informed our Post is attacte[d] by Indians, & Tr)?^ every Means
in vour power If it is so to relieve them & Chastise the Aggressor. Capt.
Bostick with forty Men will follow you on [to] assist if Necessary.
You are to send a Man to Barrington to put them on their Guard
if they have not heard of this Matter, & if they can to send you as-
sistance in case you should have need of it. As Colo Wm Mcintosh
with the greatest part of the Horse are now to the So.ward you
should send an Express informing him how you find affairs situated
at Alatamaha, and also inform me [of] every Occurrence. I wish
Success.

I Gave Similar orders to Capt. Bostick.

2d. Jany. 1777.
Lieut. Colo. Wm. Mcintosh.

[Per] Adair, Express to Fort Howe
Sir, Last night only your Express brought me your favour of the
28th & Major Marbury^'s of 29th. [Ul]to. & also a Confirmation from
Lieut. William the Indians attacking Beards Bluff which I was
[in] formed of Last Tuesday, & sent Capt. Bostick with 40 Men &
Lieut Few with 12 Horse Men immediately to their Asistance, &
pursue the Savages, as I thought you had gone over St John River
& carried all the best Men & Horses with you, but now you can send
all the Battalion Men to Savannah, as I immagine they are but a
small party of Indians, & you must have people enough to overtake &
Chastise them for their Insult; this Daring attack shews we cannot
depend or put any Confidence in these Savages, and the necessity
of puting the Several posts in a proper State of defence & turning
out a party of Men daily upon Fatigue for that purpose. I hope you
have fixed the posts upon Satilla & St Marys Rivers in proper places,
with orders to Scout & Communicate every Inteligence to their
Head Quarters at Fort Howe. I have ordered Capt. Salter with what
men he has in his Company to be stationed [a]t the Buffalo Lick,

30

& Capt. Hill upon Hogeechie near [Queejns Borough so that we
have no posts now unoccupyed but one upon some Branch of Co-
wanooch[ie] the Indian Line, which I earnestly wish done, & then
think we might be easier on Acct. of Indians. Capta[ins] McFarling
& Cade are still under arrest, but gone as volunteers on this Occasion
to Alatamaha, when these murder [ing] Indians are taken & your
posts peacibly fixed again these Gentlemen with iMajor Marbury &
Lieut Doherty to come to Town. As you continue so unwell your-
self you have leave to come when you please. You see by the 5th
Section of our Articles that you are to [send] me a return the begin-
ning of every Month of the Men & Arms Accoutrements &ca. of
your Regemt. & have the Articles as often read to the Men. I shall
therefore exp[ect] your return soon for the first time & as accurate
as [possijble. I am very respectfully Dear Sir

Your most obt. Se[rvant]
L. [M.]
To Colo. Mcintosh or Major Marbury

P.S. Let me know if all the Rough Rice & Com I had [on my]
Own plantation, Witherspoons & Cannons, is taken or consumed
yet. I have engaged G. Mcintosh's pro[duce] on Herds Island. You
are to desire your Commissary to take delivery of it, & put one or
two Men to take ca[re] of it untill you can carry it up the River.
I am anxious to have a Large Stock of provisions for M[en] & Horse
at the Several Stations as soon as possible & am ingaging 10,000
Bushels Rough Rice now for that purpose.

I am as before &ca.

7th Jany 1777.
Gen. Howe

My last to you was the 30 ulo. by yr. Servant Weaver, which
I hope you reed, in due time & beg you'll not neglect Sending the
horse he rode soon, with another Battalion Horse, I am informed
some time ago as we are much in want of them. Lieut Bugg who com-
manded 27 Men at Beards Bluff is come to Savannah; he says friday
27th. late in the Evening a Man was fired at & wounded who run
for protection into the fort or Loghouse, that early next morning
himself with 1 2 Men went out to reconnoitre. When they were abt. 400
Yards from the house were fired upon, [his] own horse was Kill'd
under him & four of his men upon the of them they had
scalped & left an arrow sticking in each. The other 18 Men Scan-
dalously pushed with all Speed to the without discharging a Gun
& left their Officer in Distress that occasion'd such a pannick in the
whole Detachment, that Mr. Bugg when he returned could get none

31

of them to go out again, or even to remain at the Station 2 days
longer. They buried their Dead & all deserted to the Westward
where [without] doubt they are to[o] much encouraged & perhaps
will be thank'd.

[Lieut.] Bugg prevailed only on one man to follow himself to Fort
Howe & from thence to Town. They were all of Capt. Company
(who resigned some time ago) & make a plea that they were seven
Months Inlistcd, & never received any pay, which makes me at a
Loss how to act with them. I find all the light horse are Similar
[c]omplaints & no money to pay them, without which I do [n]ot
expect to get them in any degree of order or Subordination, nor with-
out punctual payment can we ever think of keeping any troops. If
I should find a Necessity for it, do you think I could draw upon the
Continent [al] Treasury with propriety? I am affraid the Indians in Gen-
eral are determined upon a War, which we are unprepar'd for at
present not a Alan of yr. 2d. & 3d. Battal. yet arriv'd nor any acct.
of their marching yet. The Light horse not yet above half full, &
brought into no kind of Subordination or order & but very few of
them as it were dragg'd with the utmost reluctance to themselves
& their Neighbours to the Westward down to where we are in danger
of being attack'd. Without the party of So. Carolina horse now at
Alatamaha who must abandon some of our most essential posts. I
am inform'd my Brother & Marbury were at St. Mary's & only dis-
cover'd where a Small [p]arty had drove a few Cattle over that
River, whom they pursued & took the Cattle from them, but the men
made their Escape. After they have fix'd a post at Satilla they will
return to fort Howe. I am this Day to send Lt. Bugg there, to get a
party & take possession again of the important post at Beard's Bluff,
so shamefully vacated. I am so often interrupted that you must ex-
cuse this incorrect Scrawll. I inclose you an afiidavit to prove it was
the Creeks that kill'd Smith & his son. that they were in all prob-
ability only amusing Mr. Galphin. yrs. of 31st. ulo. I am

&ca. &ca.

7th Jany 1777
Gen. Howe, Since I wrote you this morning I receiv'd a Letter
from Capt. Bostick, whom I sent with 40 Men of [the] ist Batt. to
Beards Bluff, a Copy of which I shall add to this. I fear we shall have
a General Indian War and as our Regt. of Horse are so refractory
I intend to s[end] Colo. Elbert to direct as he may think necessary
at the Alatamaha being so great a distance from head quarters. I think
another party of Colo. Thompson's horse necessary here [to] fix
the several forts & prevent the Indians entering our Settlement, untill

32

our own Horse are brought into better order. As I am in the

sending dispatches So.wardly please excuse Scrawl.

I am &ca.

Head Quarters Savh. 8th. J [any. 1777]
Capt. Jeremiah Bugg I have at length obtained 1 50 for you to
divide between your Commissary & Company to pacify them for the
present which is all I could get now. You are therefore to proceed
imidiatly & with all Speed to the Westward, & collect together as
soon as possible yr. own Comp[any] with what remains of Capt.
Few's & Capt. McFarland Company's to the Westward, & march
with them without delay to Capt. Hills Station near Queensborough,
& from thence proceed in the directest & shortest Course to Beards
Bluff upon Alatamaha, observing as you go along the properest place
Midway between those two Stations for another post.

You are to write to Capt. Salter to Station himself imidiatly with
his Company at the Buffalo Lick, & that it is my positive orders to
remain there untill reliev'd or order'd of, & that he Secure that post
by a Stockade & inform me of every thing that happens by Express
as well as at the posts at Broad River & Ogechee. You are to make
all haste to inform me at all times of yr. proceedings.

Head quars. Sav. 7. Jany 1777
Sir, I wrote you the 2d. Inst, by your Express adair which I hope
reach'd you time enough to way Lay & take those murdering Savages
in their retreat to the So.ward, if they Escape it will be an eternal
reproach upon yr. Regt. in all such cases Expresses should imidiatly
be sent from post to post & partys order'd instantly from each Sta-
tion to intercept the Ennemy, which Shews you the necessity of
being ready in all times at a moments warning. The party at Beards
Bluff behaved in a Shameful manner in diserting their officer & post
& by our Articles of War is a Capital offence, & the officer Com-
manding at Barrington, is much to be blamed when he knew that
Important post to be vacant that he did not send a party to take
possession of it imidiatly, & one to Scout for the Ennemy, untill
you arriv'd to their assistance, which I hope is the case before this
time & that you have directed all these things properly. That the
Horse men may keep Scouting I have ordered & Sent 12 men of ist.
Batt. to Barrington & Capt. Bostick with forty men to Beards Bluff,
whom you may keep untill the danger is over, & by all means try to
get Tools for them to Stockade themselves in at Satilla, Barrington
& Beards Bluff while the horse are Scouting. I have kept Lt. Bugg
this 2 or 3 days to get some money for you to keep the men in good

33

humor, altho' it is a shame for them to think of money or Settling
while there is so much to do & their Country insulted or in Danger.

8th. Jany
Yesterday I reed, an Express from Capt. Bostick whom I order'd
to Beards Bluff and was astonished to find that post vacant yet altho'
the most important & commonest Ford or Entrance of the Savages in-
to our State, by that neglect Bostick informs me a great number of In-
dians are come over the river & enter'd the province thro' that avenue,
if you find the information right, you are to pursue them with all
Speed, & every force you can Spare out of the Several post[s] &
prevent if possible their getting down to the Settlements, I expect
yr. vigilance on this occasion will recover the honor lost by the
troops at Beards Bluff. We are just informed a decisive Victory is
gain'd to the northward 6000 kill'd & 4000 prisoners. [For] God's
sake let us Georgians shew we only want an opportunity [to] fol-
low their Examples when you have time you'll settle the posts &
Scouts as I've directed.

As Colo. Mcintosh has requested leave of absence f[rom] Setilla
for his health. I have order [e]d Colo. Elbert to Since I wrote
the above.
To Colo. Mcintosh & Maj[or Marbury]

Hd. Qrs. 8th. Jany 1777.
Colo. Elbert. I flatter myself your taking the Command [at Alata]-
maha will bring things into some order there. I am sure it [will]
make me much easier & happier than I have been for some [time.]
Our Regt. of horse have been till lately in Compys. inti[rely] in-
dependant of each other without any regulations or orde[r] many
of their Officers altogether unacquainted with Serv[ice] or any
kind of Subordination, which with the Continu[al] alarms from In-
dians, Since they were Regt. & declar'd Co[ntinentals] & the Several
distant post[s] they are oblig[e]d to occupy for [the] protection
of the State render [e]d it impossible for me to bring them into any
degree of order, which tion that you may have that principallly
in view, as y[ou] will have it more in yr. power upon the Spot, and
as my Brother. Colo. M'Intosh informs me he is quite worn out with
yr. hardships & fatigue of the Service & obtained leave to retire for a
while. I inclose you what I wrote him yesterday in a hurry to be
sent to Lieut. Few, which with the Orders I have at different times
given him & Major Marbury will shew you my general plan & Serve
you for Direction. If you find my Information well founded, that

34

they [sic] Indians are come over the Alatamaha use yr. utmost ex-
ertion to pursue them & prevent their entering or coming near the
Settlements; you'll have many applications from the Inhabitants to
protect their particular properties, but the Security of the whole
collection is our Duty, without any Partiality or particular respect
to any one Individual; my Intention is to secure the whole, as well
as Stocks of Cattle as plantations by a Chai[n] of Stockade forts
at proper distances, to Scout to, & is occasionally, and as far out
as to keep the Ennemy always at a distance from the Settlement that
they may rest easy & unmolested, which I expect to accomplish

when are brought into some order, & nothing will con[tribu]te

more to that End, & give them all a thorough knowledge [o]f the
ground & their duty than to be relieved and exch[ange]d [t]heir

post monthly & in rotation. I could wish by De (tho' it may be

too soon yet) to have them in Detach [ments] from the several Com-
panies & some time from Corps on the several Stations &

partys, to un the lessons they had from their Western Brethern,

sho[uld] teach 'em to obey any Off [ice] r Set over them.

I am very anxious to have a post fix'd in a [p] roper place upon
the Indian Line on some Branch [of] Canoochie or Ohoopie abt.
Midway between Beards Bluff & Capt. Hills post upon Ogeechie
near Queensborough, as there is a great opening there for the Enne-
[m]y to come upon our Settlements. I should be glad [if a]lso you
would visit as soon as you can the several posts upon Alatamaha & the
one upon Setilla River out their forts & accustom the Men to work
upon them by fatigue duty in turn, order them to Scout Continually
from one to the other & give every Intelligence to the neighbouring
posts & head quarters by every opportunity or by Express if neces-
sary, which they have hitherto greatly neglected and often leave
me in the dark.

But I only mean upon the whole to give you a General Idea of my
plan & leave yrself to prosecute it as vou think best, requesting of
you to keep me inform'd of yr. proceedings as fully & frequent as
possible. I wish you every Success. &ca. &ca.

loth. Jany 1777.
Capt. Richard Winn of 3d. Regt. Carolina Horse.

You are to proceed with yr. Detachment to Barrington upon the
River Alatamaha, where Colo. Elbert now Commands & follow such
orders as he or any other Commanding Officer there shall give you.
Capt. Caldwell with his Detachment is to remain there also untill
further Orders.

35

Savannah 15th. [January] 1777
Colo. Wm. McIntosh or Officer Commanding the Georgia Light
Horse

As it is absolutely necessary to have of provision for Men &

Horses in the Several posts, it is difficult to get it to the So.ward
I Have engag[ed] all the Corn & pease George Mcintosh Esqr. has
up [on] Herds Island in the Mouth of the Alatamaha. I beg you will
order some person to receive & take [care] of, untill you can carry

it up to Barrington. you may do it soon.

I am S[i]r

Yr. most Obedt. Serv[t.]

Head Quarters, Savannah 17th [January] 17 [77]
Dear Sir, I am very anxious to hear what is doin[g] to the So.ward
as the Last Acct. I had to be depended on w[as] Capt. Bostwick's
Letter which I gave you, & intimated that a great number of Indians
were come over this Side th[e] Alatamaha. I know you must be
much in want of Major Marlborough, & he is impatient to be out
with you, but he passed his word to the men that he would not
return without some money for them, which he & I by all our In-
dustry have not been able to Obtain. As we are so scarce of Officers
for the Horse, which are so much wanted at this time, I Have re-
leased the Captains McFarland, Cade & Few upon the promise of
the Two former that they would behave better in future & acknowl-
edgements & proper Concessions for their fau[lts] therefore they may
resume their command & assist you as you see necessary. I Order'd

Mr. Sunbury up to Barrington to assist you in Laying

Fort Howe, or any others you would direct, which [I ho]pe

he has done, & could wish proper Magazines cou'd be built by fatigue
duty in each of the posts to contain [a] Quantity of Provision for
Men & Horses, which will [be] absolutely necessary at all times.
Capt. McFarland will be the Bearer of this, & would be glad you
would sen[d] a person on purpose with a full Acct. of your pro-
ceedings since you went from here. Your future plans & how long
you think your presence will be necessary to the So.ward, which
with your Stay there I Leave intirely to you [r] self. The old party
of Carolina Horse, as well as the New are to remain under your direc-
tion till further Orders. I am sorry to inform you our Victory to
the No.ward is not yet [con] firm [e]d. I am very respectfully, Sr.

Yr. most Obedt. Servt.
Colo. Elbert.

36

23. Jany 1777.
To Lym. Hall 1

Dr. Brownson y Esqrs.

& George Walton J

I wrote to you the 17th. Ult. by the Geo. Packet, Burk, Copy of
which I inclose. This serves also to cover returns of the Several
Corps of Contl. Troops within this State which I beg you'll deliver
to the proper board & inform me how to direct them that I may
not trouble you in future & whether it is necessary for me to make
monthly reports to such board & as I have hitherto always done to
Genl. Howe or any other Officer Commanding in Chs. Town or
the Southern Department at the same time.

That I may not be a stranger to any part of my duty, I wish you
would procure me all the Resolves of congress from the beginning
as far as they are publish'd & bound with any other information
you'll please to send. I am sorry to inform you that our recruiting
goes on heavily. It is nearly at an End in this State & So. Carolina &
Virginia is such a distance that makes it tedious & liable to many
Interruptions. I have repe[a]tedly sent to hurry them in with what
men they have got, but none have appear'd yet and the Duty in the
State will not admit of my own Absence, as we are kept in almost

perpetual Alarms by parties from Augustine & the on our

So.them frontiers About Six Weeks ago they kille[d]

our Light horse near Barrington & three Indians who are [said] to
be the Murderers were taken, & are now in Irons here up [on] Occa-
sion I sent a Talk to the nation by Tom. Gray, a cop[y] I take the
Liberty to Inclose. Since that another pany a[ttacked] a post we
had at Beard's Bluff upon Alatamaha 40 m[iles] higher up & kill'd
four more of our Light Horse and esca[ped] with impunity but we
have taken 6 other Creek Indians [who] were in the Settlements
by way of Retaliation who are also in [irons] here. Our light horse
have hitherto been in Compy. indep[endent of] each other upon
provincial Establishment, under no kind of or[der] in their horses,
pay, Cloths', Discipline or arrangement, & I f[ind] the utmost Diffi-
culty since they were Regimented as Contine[ntals] & that I have
had the Command of them to reduce them [to] tolerable Subordina-
tion however, I have soon to accomplish Station them in a chain

of stockades properly fix'd round the State, from each of which

they are continually to Scout to the post so as to Secure the

Inhabitants from future Insults. and probably when our Bat-
talions are full & come in I able in case a Creek War is un-
avoidable to Effect against them, provided I have direction

37

from Congress [to] that purpose & without any assistance from the
mili[tia] of So. Carolina, who may be apt to claim the Creeks, as

as they have our Cherokee Lands by Virtue of conquest for

the assistance they gave us. But in such case I sho[uld] be glad my
orders were explicit and full with Respect to the Expence, Equip-
ment &ca. as a Spirit of Envy, J[e]alousy [and] Thirst of Office un-
fortunately appears among us, which may retard & throw Stumbling
blocks in the way, that may injure the Confederacy at Large & this
State in particular.

You'll observe by the return of the Light Horse, that one whole
Company & part of some others are not yet arriv'd nor is it accu-
rate as their constant Employmen[t] & distance of their Stations
Since I had any concern with them, render [e]d it impossible to
make an Exact Return yet.

As I Intend writing to you in a few Days again, I conclude being
hurryed & have the Honor to be very Respectfully Gentn.

Yr. most obt. Servt
L M
Savannah Georgia 23d. Jany 17 [77]

24 Jany 1777.
[General] Howe, My last to you was the 17th. Inst, since which

I reed. 3 of yr. fav[or]s; the 9th. Capt. Winn with abt. 50 of

[TJhompson's horse came here whom I order [e]d imidiatly to fort
Howe under the Direction of Colo. Elbert, who is gone there as my
Brother return'd from the So.ward Sick & Major Marbury came to
town for money again after promising his Men, who became very
uneasy, that he would not return to them without it; he has been
detain'd here this fortnight, at which he is so offended & at a time
his presence was so necessary to the So.ward, that he resigned his
Commission this day, which I am Sorry for, as he is an Excellent
officer, & I fear many others will do the same. Suppose Colo. Thomp-
sons Horse were order [e]d to this State & ours to Carolina for some
time untill they were got once more in proper order? and I would
have no objection to such an Exchange somewhere myself for a while,
if it could be done with [pro]priety. Inclos'd you have the Monthly
returns, not a man of our 2d & 3d. Bttls. yet arrived nor have I heard
from them. Capt. Caldwell & Lt. Beams, are just come from fort
Howe, the Latter I have given leave to return to Carolina being
Sick the other to send for his first Command & return also as he
says they are all in rags and begin to be uneasy & Colo. Elbert informs
me no party of Indians have been seen Lately; the Officers & Men
behaved exceeding well. I am &ca.

38

25- Jany 1777.
Gen. Howe. I wrote to you yesterday by the honle. Mr. Drayton
inclosing returns & informing you that I order [e]d the old detachment
of So. Carolina horse home, but now am oblig[e]d to Countermand
it & shall send Capt. Caldwell up to morrow to F. Howe, on acct.
of Intelligence I reed, last night from Col. Elbert Copy of which I
inclose.

26 Jany
Mr. Minis who is the Bearer did not set off yesterday as I ex-
pected & this morning an acct. came t[hat a] large arm[e]d Sloop
is in Sapelo River supposed to [be] Mowbury & doubtless with
Intention of plundering. I just saw a letter from Major Cuthbert

dated bourg Virginia 14th Decbr. giving acct. that our 2d.

Batt[alion] is retum'd 4 or 500 Strong but not ready to ma[rch]
yet. I am &ca.

26 Jany 1777.
Colo. Wm. Kennon. I must inform you the few Contl. Troops in
this State are intirely out in Detached party's, upon Alarms & pro-
tecting the out Se[ttlements] & cannot get them properly Supplied.
I h[ave] repeatedly applied to Mr. Minis to no pu[rpose] & the
necessity we are often under of tak[ing] peoples property is Grievous
& Intolerab[le.] I must therefore insist that you put [these] matters
on a better footing in future an[d as] soon as possible.

25 Jany. 1777.
Capt. Caldwell. By the information I had last night from Col.
Elbert, I am under necessity of detaining yr. detachment some time
longer at the Alatamaha, tho I feel for them, being in want of Cloths
& other necessarys & desire you'll give them my thanks publickly
for their good behaviour & conduct since they have been in this
State, which I hope they will support while we are oblig'd to
keep them, as I have not time to write Colo. Elbert you'll excuse me
to him & receive yr. orders from him as he is upon the Spot, he must
know where you'll be most necessary. I am &ca.

Monday 26 Jany 1777.
This morning I reed, accts, that an armed Vess[el fro]m Augus-
tin was in Sapelo River, with intention no doubt to plunder the
plantations, therefore instead of going to fort Howe directly you
are to proceed to Sapelo river with all Speed & If you find the In-
telligence right get as many men as you think necessary to protect

39

the different plantations of that Settlement & annoy the Ennemy
as much as possible untill assistance arrive [s] from Savannah and
when you think all danger over, you are to proceed with your men
to fort Howe or whereever you are ordered here after.

Savh. 28 Jany 1777.
Capt. John M'Intosh You are to March with your party [with]
all convenient speed to the first landing the North Side of Alatamaha
River & relieve [Maj.] Cuthbert with his Detachment, who will give
you the [orjders he receiv'd which you are to observe, with this
Difference, that you detach yr. Lieut, with one Serjt. one Corporal,
& fifteen men of yr. Command to Sapelo River to relieve the Serjt.
there giving him Orders for the protection of that River & Similar
to yr. own.

You are both to stay constantly at yr. posts especially at night,
visiting yr. Centinels & out posts often, be very careful that you
are not surprized or any of the Inhabitants under yr. care molested
or Insulted either by the Ennemy or any of your own people.

7 febry. 1777.
N. W. Jones, Esqr. I am informed the honbl, the Convention have
been pleased to make some promotions in the Army in this State, I
will be obliged to the house for the names & ranks of the Gentn. that
I may appoint them in General Orders, that they may be known &
obeyed accordingly.

I have the honor to be &ca.

This moment I reed. yr. note and shall get a List of Vacancies as
soon as possible.

8th. febry. 1 777.
N. W. Jones, I inclose a return made to me of the Vacanci[es in

the] first Artillery Compy. tho' it is a doubt with me if

be a Capt. Lt. in an independant Company unless Regimented

or that a Lt. fireworker is a Commissioned

I would Submit it to Convention if it wou[ld] not be an Advan-
tage to join one of the artillery to each Regt. of foot where by they

would be better by an Adjutant; Attended by their Surgeons

& pay[ed] by the paymaster of the Battalion.

I omitted to report Yesterday that I appoi[nted] some time ago
one Mr. Norway to act as Adjutant of the Geo. Light horse who was
recommended [to] me as a proper person & he is now upon that
[duty.]

40

15 febry. 1777.
N. W. Jones, Esqr. Speaker. I have to inform the honbl, Conven-

[tion] that Capt. Chs. Myddleton & Capt. Bugg have this day,

resigned their Com [missions] in the Regt. of Light horse, that others
[should] be elected in their room. Major Marb[ury] also who went
to the Westward abt. a Week ago upon the public Service requested
no fur[ther] orders Should be sent to him as an Offr. if any person
was promoted by Convention over his head as Lt. Colo, of the
Light horse.

Capt. Dooley, who is going to Virginia on the recruiting Service
requests he may be Supplied with Continental Money for that purpose.

Savannah 19. feby. 1777.
[Gen.] Howe This moment I receiv'd the inclos'd Express by a
man who was in the engagement at fort M'Intosh on Satilla, who
slipt out in the night of the day they were engaged (Monday) and
have order'd all the Men that can be spar'd in Town (only abt. 70
or 80) to march to morrow Morning to Capt. Winns assistance &
the only Galley that is yet ready to go also with Ammunition &
provision, in case the Ennemy intend to carry on a regular Siege
against that Fort, or make a General Attack upon the State. As I can
only conjecture upon these things, you'll judge what force may be
necessary to assist us from the State of Carolina. It is next to im-
possible to get any of our light horse from the Westward, let the
Exigence be ever so great.

o'clock at Night

This Instant another Express arrived with a Letter from Capt.
Bostick, dated 19th. Instant, which I also inclose. It is thought Col.
provost Commands as there is 300 Regulars & 500 Indians and that
they intend an attack upon this & Neighbouring State.

19. febry. 1777.
Colonel Scriven. I am just inform'd by Express that fort M'Intosh
upon Satilla is besieged by Col. Brown (little Brown) with a con-
siderable Force, therefore you'll please imidiatly to send express to
Capt. Jo. M'Intosh at Darien to leave only a Serjt. & 12 men there,
& a Corporal & Six men at Sapelo River & himself & Lt. Roach with
the rest of their Command to march without Delay to Fort Howe
(Barrington) & oppose the Ennemy 's progress. I expect also you'll
raise as many Volunteers yr.self as possibly you can & proceed there
with all Speed to their Assistance, untill I can send you more force.
I beg you'll loose no time & am &ca.

41

Nine oClock at Night
This moment another Express arriv[e]d infor[ming me] fort
M'Intosh is taken by 300 regulars & 500 [Indians] & train of Artillery,
& expect they will advan[ce on] our Settlements therefore for Gods
Sake be ex[pedi]tious to prevent their crossing the Ala[ta]maha if
possible.

20th. feby. 1777.
Capt Bostick I reed both yr. Expresses last Night & am sor[ry]
Fort M'Intosh is lost, tho' I am Still in hopes, the M[en] who came
to you only deserted their post, but in case [of the] Worst I have
order [e]d all the Men we can Collect [to their] Assistance imidiatly
& one of the Gallies, therefore use [every] Effort to prevent the
Ennemys Crossing the Alatam[aha] & entering the Settlements untill
you have as[sistance.] Your post & Beards bluff are of the utmost
Conse[quence] & should be maintained to the Last for which pur-
[pose] you should keep a Communication & assist each o[ther] Occa-
sionally I am in a hurry Sir &ca.
Keep me always inform'd.

H. Qrs. 20 feby. 1777.
Capt. hABERSHAM. You are to march with all expedition, with what
men you have to the Assistance of Capt. Bostick at Fort Howe &
prevent if possible the Ennemy's Crossing the Alatamaha & enter-
ing our Settlements, for which purpose you are to keep a Constant
Communication with the posts above & below Fort Howe upon that
River & assist eighter of them as there may be occasion.

The great Object is to Secure the Alatamaha, [so] the Ennemy
may not enter our Settlements, in the effe[cting] of which, every

effort must be essayed, untill the Gal Men by land come

to yr. assistance, upon the [who]le much must be left to your own
prudence & [ju]dgement, & will greatly depend upon the Intelligence
you receive, which you'll keep me constantly [in]form'd off.

March 23d. 1777.
Lt. Colonel Harris

Dear Sir As I know you must be sufficiently [t]ired of Fort Howe,
I have ordered Colonel Stirk [w]ith 50 Men of the second Battallion
to relieve [yo]urself, all the Captains of the first Battallion [wi]th
all the Men whose times are expired, there after leaving your orders
with Colonel Stirk [esp]ecially to guard every part of the Alata-
[ma]ha from Darian, to Beards Bluff, & keep [scou]ts continually
south of that river toward [Sa]tilla. You are to march immediately.
If Colonel Sumpter with his regiment who was ordered to Fort

42

Howe is arrived that you think they with Colonel Stirks men

are sufficient to guard the river & do every other necessary Duty, or
if you hear of no reinforcement the Enemy have got, or preparations
they are makeing to attack this State or if the president does not
apply for any assistance from the Military, you may then march
with all your Battallion to Head Quarters, as their times are now
expiring Daily & am very anxious to see the Officers exert themselves
in recruiting, & reinlisting their respective Companys full again as
we know not how soon [we] have occasion for them. I a[m] Dr. Sir

Yours &ca.

March 2 [1777]
Colonel Sumpter

Sir. This moment I received [a letter] Dated Sunbury 23d. March
without [a]ny [name] Signed to it but by its Contents suppos[e it]
to be from you. As there was great [dis] content among a number of
our first Bat[talion] whos[e] times are expired now at Fort H[owe]

& many of them, I am informed Deserting I ordered Lieut

Colonel Stirk yesterday wi[th] a Detachment of Colo. Elberts regi-
men [t to] relieve Lieut Colo. Harris at Fort Howe all the Men

whose times are out in ord[er to] pay them off, & Discharge them,
and [if] possible to engage them again. Wi[th the] rest of your own
regiment, I expec[t you] can sufficiently guard the Several p[osts]
upon the Alatamaha & protect our S[ettle]ments from Insult, & also
keep Scouts [con]tinually to the Southward to prevent as much as
possible the carrying our Stoc[k] off, to whom you will of coarse
give orders to annoy the Enemy whenever the[y] have an oppor-
tunity, or try to Dislodge them from any posts they may have in
possession, if you think it may be attem[p]ted, with any prospect
of Success which I leave to your own prudence & judge-
m[ent] with any thing else that you may [think] will be of Service

to this & the U[nited] States giving me always an accot. [of

your p]roceedings & situation, with ever}'^ dis inteligence

you may get, & if [necessar]y by Express.

our president has not applied to me any Continental Troops

yet, or made [me] privy to his plan but if he requires any [as]sist-
ance you will give it to the Ut[mos]t of your power, & Corporate
with him [i]n every measure which will promote [t]he good of
the common cause or Interes[t of] this State in particular. Colonel
[Ha]rris will communicate any particu[lar ins] struction he !ias to
you with the De [tails] of the Duty. I am verry respectfully

Your most obt. Serr.

43

March 28th. 1777
[Bujtten Guinnett E^qr. President.

Sir, I received your Letter of Yesterday by Express, & notwith-
standing an Expedition was talked off for several Weeks past through-
out the State, and without consulting (as far as I can find) any
Military Gentlemen in it, or requiring their aid till now, I have the
pleasure to inform you that the Continental Troops under my Com-
mand are always ready to march at the Shortest notice, & Asst &
Co-operate with y[ou] in any measure that appears to hav[e a]
probability of Success, or tends to prom[ote the] Interest of this or

the United States. I have given orders for that days ago

to Colonel Sumpter, at Fort Howe, upon the Alatam[aha]

the chief of our Troops, are now sta[tioned one] or two Days

march ahead of you, and [when] ever you inform me your people

an any more of the Second, or third Batta[lion] who

come in, if required, shall be sent [there] also, and if I am able ac-
company th[em] myself, every assistance in my p[ower] shall be
given, also to Commodore B[owen] to carry him round, as he re-
quires, so I hope the Intention of these Wicked [and] design-
ing men you mention, will be fr[ustrated] whom I wish you had
named, that I [might] Guard the better against them. I wou[ld be]
Hangman for the Villain, who betraye[d or] deceives his Country,
or designedly Injures [any] good person in it, for his own advantage,
or E[mo]lument. I shall be glad to hear often of y[our] proceed-
ings to Govern mine, & am Sir,

Your Most Obt. Serv[t.]

Savannah 2nd. April 1777
Charles Town
Brigr. General Howe

Dear Sir Inclosed is a Letter brought to me Y[es]terday by Capt.
Colson & directed to you, which I opened, as Colson told me he
heard it read, & knew the whole of the Contents & last [night] a
man came down from the Westward with Accots. that three more
M[en] were killed by the Indians at Clarks Fort in the Settlements,
& [other] wise done much Mischief, by which it would appear

that but the whole Indian Nation are bent

[a]ttack us on every side; if so, I doubt we shall enough

to do with our present Force to defend our [selves.] [The] Presi-
dent at last wrote to me from Sunbury for as[sistanc]e from the
Military which I promised to the utmost of [my pow]er, whenever
it was necessary, but I dont hear that he has [recrui]ted any Militia
yet, nor do I know the particular intention of [the ex]pedition; it

44

would seem as if first intended to be carryed on alto[gether] (what-
ever was meant to be done) by the Militia in opposition to [the
arjmy, but since the former cannot be got, it is likely the latter [is
ajpplyed to as a hole to creep out of, & throw the blame upon the
[Milijtar)' if nothing was done. Coll. Sumpter with his Men & [L]t.
Coll. Stirk with 50 of Elberts are now upon the Allatamaha [the]
first Battalion relieved to refresh themselves which they want-
ed, & to discharge many of them whose times were Expired. [A1]I
but 200 of Colo. Elberts are now in Town & ready on the [shortesjt
Notice. None of our third Battalion have appear'd yet. [0]ur West-
ern Settlements seem much alarmed, & many of them [thjreaten to
fly the State if they are not supported, immediately. I should think
if Coll. Thompson's Regiment was ordered to Fort Charlotte, &
along the banks of Savannah River, where they would be always
ready to assist when necessary, it would have a very good effect.

Savannah 10 OClock A. M. April nth. 1777
Sir, Your Letter of the 9th by Express is but just delivered by
another person, & can only inform you once more that I am so far
from retarding this, or any other service for the good of the State
that all the Continental Troops under my Command have been under
Marching Orders, & ready since you first applied to me for Assist-
ance, & only waited to hear when you was So, & have been very

uneasy Troops here shall set of[f] Imedia[tely]

those upon the Alatamaha arrival of

the Boats at that Meet with no farther Obstacles

Yr. & ca.
The Honble. Button Gwinnett

Esquire President.
Pr. Moseley.

Savannah Ap[ril 13, 1777]^
Genl. Washington,

Sir, Altho' I am just going off for East Florida with our Troops,
& have not had any returns by me now, as I have hitherto regularly
sent them to Genl. Lee, & since his Departure to Brigadr. Genl. Howe
in Charlestown, I cannot avoid this Opportunity of giving you
some account of our present Situation & Circumstances in this State.

9. This letter has been filled In from the original in "The Papers of
George Washington, Vol. 45, 1777, April 13-April 24," folios 254-6, in the
Library of Congress. There are a few differences in spelling, punctuation
and capitalization in the two copies. This letter book copy is not in Mcin-
tosh's hand.

45

Our present Military force is between Seven & Eight hundred men,
the first regiment of Infantry having Inlisted chiefly for twelve
Mounths & are mostly discharged and have about 200 Men. the
Second regiment have been recruiting in \^irginia since July last &
said to have 400 men, about 250 of whom are very lately arrived
here. The third regiment I am informed are near the same strength,
& upon their march, but not above twelve of them come in yet. As
we cannot expect many men this side of Virginia or N. Carolina,
the Distance & other inconveniencies are so great that it makes the
recruiting service extreamly tedious. Officers were appointed the
last session of our Convention for a fourth regiment of Foot, but
God knows when they can be raised. Our Light Horse were Origi-
naly Independant Companies upon Provincial establishment, under
very bad regulations, & since they have been made Continentals &
regimented,^" I find much trouble to get them in any degree of Order,
or proper returns of them though I have tried almost eveny^ method,
as they are detached at different posts about the State, to protect
our out Settlements, & the little discipline they were us'd to, they are
now between three or four Hundred Men but very badly hors'd,
which are hard to be got here, very Ordinary, & their price as well
as every thing Else so Extravigantly high, that the pay of Twelve
Dollars pr. mo. will not afford to purchase Good Horses & ration
them.

The 17th. Febry. last Colo. Fuser with 150 regulars & 120 Horse-
men, & about 60 Indians under the Command of Colo. Brown from
Augustine took one of our posts upon the river Satilla, to the
So.ward, with 70 Men as their provision & ammunition were exhaust-
ed and parties of the Enemies advanc'd to the River Alatamaha, 25
Miles farther North, where I met them with the remains of the ist.
Battalion (as none of the 2d. had then arrived) & prevented their
Crossing that river, & entering or doing any Mischief in our Settle-
ments, M ith only the Loss of twelve men. I am just cur'd of a wound
I received there, & ready to march into East Florida at the desire of
our Council to ritaliate, & endeavor to distress the Castill of Augus-
tine if possible, which is said to be Garrisond by a^^ 1000 Men, tho'
I doubt our force is too smalV- as most of our light horse are wanted
at their Several Stations, to protect our out Settlements from the
Insults of the Savages, who have been very troublesome, & kill'd
several people in different parts of the State within this Six Mos.

10. Reads, "Since they were under my Command after they were made
Continentals, & Regimented" in original letter. Ibid.

11. Reads, "abot." in original. Ibid.

12. Reads, "will be too small" in original. Ibid.

46

past, we are under great apprehension this summer of a Genl. war
with the Indians, through the Instigation & Encouragement given
them by our Enemies in East & West Florida, & if the Several Tribes
Unite, our Commissary Mr. Galphin says they will make near 20,000
Gun men. for further particulars in these & other matters in our
State I must beg leave to refer you to the Bearers, Dr. Houston,
Surgeon of our first Battn. going for his health, & Raymond Demere
Esqr. who acted for a short time as my Brigade Major & is going
to see service^^ in your Camp, both of whom I take the Liberty to
recommend to your Notice as they are particularly acquainted with
every Civil & Mihtary Matter here. I should be glad to have your
Commands & directions when convenient, and have many things to
Mention respecting the Service which I must refer to another oppor-
tunity. I have the Honor to be respectfully & truly Yr. Excellys.
most obt. Hble. Servt.

Lachlan Mcintosh
Brigr. Genl. Georgia

Savannah 13th. April 1777.
His Excelly. General Washington
The Honl. Button Gwinnett
Sir, I have been with the Continental [Troops at] yours & the

Councils request, ready to Embark since waiting Impatiently

for the Malitia you said w[ould] Join. The Commodore informs me

his fleet are ready, be glad to know why the expedition

should be a delay'd, besides the pretended Flag of Truce, where

we have been Jockeyed (to give it the most favora[ble]

probably the Enemy have otherwise got a they desire,

which they doubtless will of. If the Expedition is to be

carried prudence directs us to give them no Longer

th therefore, I intreat you, as it does not appear w[e

will] have any assistance to let us have the provision [s] neces-
sary preparations, to proceed ourselves, with [out] farther obstructions.

Yr. &ca
Sunbury 17th. April 1777.

Colo. Elbert Savannah 26th. April 177 [7]

Dr. Sr. Your Letter bv Capt. Mosby (Express) [is n]ow before me.
The Orders & Instructions sent to y[ou] & inclos'd in it, was kept a

profound secret from m[e] I am told from some of their own

board, as well every part of their Proceedings the Last

13. Reads, "see Some Service" in original. Ibid.

47

Mee[ting w]here I had not so much as a hearing, which [was] the
reason I cou'd not tell how to write to you. I realy Pity the dis-
appointed & undeserv'd [peo]ple, which does me Honor,

it [shojws the world that all their [inv]ention cannot find any Just
[com] plaint. I am determin'd that [nothing] shall ever cause me to
sacrafice [m]y Country, whatever they may [do] to forward this
Expedition, which [w]as delay'd so Long, only to endeavor [to find]
some flaw in my conduct. I chearfu[lly r]esign the Command of it,
as it is to you, confident that [ever^^] thing will be done to serve our
Country & [the com]mon cause that can reasonably be expec[ted.]

The directions of the Council shews fully [the] intention of the
Expedition, which you are [to pursue to] the utmost of your power,
but as [we ha]ve not the force that was first Expected, [and the]
Enemy have been inform'd of our Proceed [ings] by the pretended
Flag of Truce, & otherwise [allowe]d so much time to prepare & be
upon [their] Guard, I wou'd advise Great Caution & [p]articularly
against ambushies, that you may have as many men as Possible, a
Serjeants Guard of those least able to March [be] left at the Lower
Post of the Alatamaha & a like number of those who have no horses
of Colo. Bakers Regimt. at F H[owe will] be Sufficient to inform
the Inhabitants [of a]ny Alarm that may happen & assist you[r] re-

tr]eat if necessary over that river. General is very Pressing to

have Colo. Sumpter

[End of Letter Book.]

48

PART II

Miscellaneous Papers

1774 - 1799

MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS

''Copy of Letter of i8th. & 21st. July 17-^4, to James Hume
Esqr. Att. Gen. concerning the Murder of A. Simpler''^

Darien in St. Andrews Parish 19th. July 1774.
Sir Inclosed I send you Inquisition upon the Body of Anderson
Simpler late of St. Davids Parish planter was cruely murdered
yesterday i8th. Insta. upon Broton Island in this Parish & also the
Recognizance of Jonathan Beal one of the Evidences who is the only
one brought before me yet. I have Summoned two others David
Wallace & Zachariah Horen or Oren both of St Davids parish who
are very material ones but they have not appeared yet. I am Sir &ca.

LM.

2 1 St. July 1774.
Sir, Since the above Jessiah Barrington was brought before me &
brought two Witnesses Toms Read & William Williams Junr. with
him whom I was realy at a Loss whether to admit as Evidences as
they were in his Company during the whole Transaction & neither
attempted to prevent the Mischief or Secure the perpetrators after
it was Commited but I send you inclosed their Examinations & Recog-
nizances to do with as you please. I am Sir

Yr Hble Servt.
L Mcintosh

To the Honle. James Hume Esqr. Atty. Genl.
Per Geo Mcintosh Esqr.

Resolutions of St. Andrews Parish.^
St. Andrews Parish Georgia Thursday 29th. June 1775

The Freemen Freeholders & Inhabitants of the Lower District of
this Parish Convened together this Day at the Meeting House (ac-

1. When headings of these papers are given in quotation marks, they
are the headings given them by General Mcintosh in a note on the back.
Unless otherwise stated the papers are in the hand of Mcintosh. This paper
Is in an unknown hand.

2. In an unknown hand.

50

cording to Publick Notice) having Maturely Considered the Dis-
putes Existing between Great Britain & America & in order to oppose
as much as in them Lies the alarming Claim & pretensions of the
former they have chose Lachlan Mcintosh, William Mckintosh,
George Thread Craft, John Wereat, Roderick Mckintosh, John With-
erspoon, George Mckintosh, Allan Stuart, John Mckintosh, & Ray-
mond Demeree; or any one [or] more of them to represent the Lower
District of this Parish in a General Provincial Congress to be held
at Savannah on Tuesday the 4th. July next to Consider & Determin
upon the properest means for that purpose.

By order of the Meeting

Lachlan Mckintosh Chairman

Mcintosh to General Lee^

Sir, Since I came to Savannah we hear from the Southward that a
Number of Regulars & Indians to the amount of 5 or Six hundred
are come from St, Augustin to the River St. Marys with Intention
it is Said to cross that River & enter this Province. A party of Militia
were ordered in Consequence of this Inteligence to asist the Rangers
in repelling them from whom we had no Accot. yet, and the out
Detachments of my Battalion brought in for the Protection of the
Town, least the attempt from the Southard may be intended to facili-
tate, & Co-operate with an attact from Sea, which Seems probable.
We are further informed that some of the foreign Troops are lately
arived in St. Augustin, that they have many Indians there also who
are regularly trained every Day. This I thought proper to mention
to your Excelly. that you may be better able to Judge of the Enemys
Intention by Comparing their motions here with their Manoevres
in Carolina.

I shall be glad to receive your particular orders on this & every
other matter that occurs, and have the Honor to be your Excellys.

Most obt. Hble Servt.
Lachn. Mcintosh.

His Excelly. Genl. Lee.

Savannah in Georgia 7th. July 1776

The bearer of this is Lieutt. Colo. Elbert of the Georgia Conti-
nental Battalion.

Since 1 wrote the above an accot. is just reed, per Express that the
Indians has killed one Capt. Smith & his Family on little River abot.

3. This letter Is owned by the Lachlan Mcintosh Chapter, Daughters of
the American Revolution, Savannah, and is deposited with the Georgia His-
torical Society. It is published here with permission of the Chapter.

51

150 Miles west of this Town, and have taken several Familys Pris-
oners at & near Keeowie, Fort Prince George & carryed them over
the Hills to [illegible] Stewarts Commissary,
[Endorsed:]

To His Excelly. Charles Lee E^qr.
Major General & Commander in Chief of the American Forces in

the Southern District
Charlestown So. Carolina
Pr. Favo. Lieutt. Colo. Elbert.

"S<?w Lacklan 22d. July i'jj6^*

Darien July 22d, 1776*
Dear Father I received your Orders by Ensign Morrison Dated
July 13 th. with a Command of 24 Men with the Sergeant and two
Corporals, two of the Men By name Gray and Martin, Deserted
from Morrison on the Road. I arrived home the Second Day after I
left you, and found all the family in perfect Health, Plantation Busi-
ness going on very well. Osburn has not been to Visit us yet, nor am
I the least affraid of him now, as I am sure our 20 Men can Cope
with his Co. at any time. James Baillie before I came home, had moved
all the Wenches, and Children up to Cathead and makes the fellows
at night sleep over at new hope. I fancy Osburn can do him no
other Damage than Burning the Houses upon the Island, which I
shall endeavour to hinder, if I have the least Warning of his being
there.

The Children comes on very ffast indeed with their Shooling.
Geor[g]e mends Dailey in his writing and reading. Henry, and
Hetty can spell pretty well. They are verry much in Want of some
Spelling Books, or Primers, it went entirely out of my Head, when
I was comeing out of Town, or I should have Supplyed them with
that article; if you would send Billey to one Mills's on the Bay he
may get some Primers, as for Spelling Books there is none to be had
in Town. Wee have a verry fine Crop of rice upon the ground, the
field below the House is under Water, and all Shooting out. wee have

4. This and the following four letters are in the hand of Lachlan Mc-
intosh, Jr., son of General Mcintosh. He attained the rank of Major in the
Georgia Line and died February 15, 1783, at the age of 25 in Camden. South
Carolina, while conducting his mother and family home to Savannah after
long exile. He had been in the Continental service since the beginning of
the war, serving at various times as aide to his father and to Major-General
Baron von Steuben. He was afterwards appointed by General Washington
Inspector General of the Western Department where he acted also as Deputy
Adjutant General. (The Gazette 0I the State of Georgia. February 27, 1783.)
He has often been confused with Lachlan Mcintosh, Jr., son of the Gen-
eral's brother, William.

52

not let Water into the other field yet, but shall in a couple of Days.
The Com is pretty good, but the potatoes are but poor. The Negroes
are now getting Stuff for a Barn. Squared Loggs 20 feet by 30. long.
I have got Camil Laciter to put them up for me he will begin about
the latter end of the Week. I have no more to acquaint you of at
present. I am

Your affectionate Son
Lachn McKintosh Junior
[Endorsed:]
Colonel Lachlan McKintosh

Savannah
Per favour

"Sow Lack's Letter 2jth. July i'j'76^^

Darien July 27th. 1776^
Dear Father. I received your Letter Yesterday Evening by Ser-
geant Law, Express. I was surprised to hear Bradshaw had not come
to Town, as I kept him hear no time, however by enquiring of Ser-
geant Law, he told me that he came in Town, the Evening he sat
out. I hope he delivered you my Letter safe wherin I acquainted you
fully of every transaction both publick, and private at Darien. I am
sorry to hear by your Letter that Osbum has got safe over the
Barr. I was in hopes Captain Bowen if he did not take him, would
damage his Vessels very much. He has not been up this river yet. How-
ever I shall keep as strict a Guard as If I expected him Hourly, and
I shall endeavour to get some trusty [word torn off] down at Fred-
erica that will inform me if he should come that Way. I am sorry
you can't take a step home at this time, however it was a thing im-
possible as you expected General Lee, and another Battalion of Con-
tinental Troops. I should like much to be there, at the time of their
comeing in, they will make a fine show. The family are all verry
hearty.

I remain Dr. Father

Your affectio[na]te Son
Lachn. McKintosh Jr.

P.S. The Command are verry well satisfied quite contented with
their rations. I have given them half a pint of Rum every other Day
since they came here, but I intend for the future to give them but

5. Bears list in General Mcintosh's hand: "Field piece, ps. Linnen, Old
Baker, John Lorick, Breetches, Chair."

53

every third day. They were sent of here without Catridge Boxes,

they are obliged to put their Catridges in their pockets which makes it

verry inconvenient.

[Endorsed:]

Colonel Lachlan McKintosh

Savannah
by Express Serjent. Law

"Son Lachlan 14th. Augt. ijj6''

Darien Alatamaha 14th. August 1776
Dear Father. I received Your Letter of the loth. Instant I am
sorry to find you are disappointed in coming home, as wee have
been expecting you for this Week past, however wee shall look for
you dailey. I am happy to find the Colonys have at last proclaimed
a Free and Independent States let us have no more of British Tyranny.

As it is inconvenient for you to send a command to relieve me,
I am verry well satisfied as I find all the Command excepting three
or four are quite contented to stay another month. The only thing
I have to complain of, is that a Detachment of Men should be sent
to so dangerous a post as this, without a plenty of Amunition. I have
but a small Kegg of Catridges Lieut. Handley Brought here, not
more than 5 or 6 rounds at most apiece for the men and not one
single man has a Catridge Box. Wee had an alarm a few days ago, they
were obliged to carry their Amunition in their pockets, which was
verry unhandy in case they had been engaged, however I shall en-
deavour to make out another month with what amuni[tion] I have.
I believe wee shant be in Want as I may get some powder from Cap-
tain Thredcraft belonging to the militia in case of necessity. I sup-
pose you heard before now that Colonel Laurens's overseer at N. hope
George Aaron has run away carryed 5 of Colonel Laurens's Negroes,
Uncle Williams Negroe fellow Oskar, and 5 or 6 of his best Horses,
robbed poor James Baillie of every ragg of his wearing apparell.
James Baillie with eight or ten of the militia went immediately in
persuit of him, but it answered no affect, he got safe into Florida.
Baillie is now moving the rice from New hope up to Darien, and I
believe he will move the Negroes likewise. I advised him to do it,
as I thought Colonel Laurens's Inter [es]t not at all safe there, since
Aron went away and it wou'd be impossible for Baillie to give me
timely notice in case he would attempt to robb a second time. I
shall consult with the Commissioner, and get the Negroes doing
something about the Fort, is better than they should be Idle. I shall
endeavour to put a guard at Billey Clarks or Creightons Island.

My Mother and all the Children are verry well, excepting Hetty

54

she has had the fever for some days past, but is getting better again.
Inclosed I send you some of George's writing, he and Henry comes
on verry fast in their Schooling, their Master takes great pains with
them. Wee have as fine a Crop of rice as you wou'd ever desire to
see, wee shall have some fit to cutt in less than three Weeks. Since
I wrote you last wee have had most of the Negroes employed in
getting stuff for a Barn. I have got Camil Laciter to Build it, he
will finish it in a Week or ten Days more. I am at a Loss what to
put the Negroes about now, without it is to clear a new Corn field
betwixt this and Darien. I have nothing to acquaint you of more.
I remain Dr. Father

Your affectionate So[n]
Lachn. McKintosh Jr.

I delivered the two necklesses to my Mother and Hetty they are
verry fond of them being American produce.

P.S. The White Maire Serjeant Law rode here, took the stagers
a few Days after he went away and died. I wish you could send [my]
Horse home as he is much wanted.
[Endorsed:]

Colonel Lachn. McKintosh
Savannah
Per favour Lieut. Cuthbert

"Son Lachlan 2^th. August i'j']6^''

Alatamaha August 24th. 1776
Dear Father The Unhealthy Situation of my Command Just now,
obliges me to send an Express to acquaint you. I have now Six or
Seven Extreem ill with a verry Violant kind fever, they have no
I[n]termission at all Scarcely and last night one of them a little
Scotch Boy died. I can assure you Sir it was not the want of care
occasioned his Death; I spare no pains or Expence attending the
poor fellows when they are Sick, and I keep Doctor Blunt, con-
tinually with them, I excuse him from all duty upon that Account.
They seem to cry out now for to be relieved, think a change of air
will be of Service to them. However I am in hopes no more of them
will die, as I give them to Day plenty of the Dogwood Bark, they
seem to be more lively than they were yesterday.

I remain Dr. Father
Your affectte.

Lachn. McKintosh Jr.
My Mother and the Children are all well and desires to be remimber
to you.

If you cant relieve them they say if they cou'd get some Qoths

55

they would be satisfied some of them and indeed almost the whole I
can assure you have not wherewith to hide their Nakedness

I am as before
L.M.

Lachlan Mcintosh Jr. to his Father.

[August, 1776]
The Gray maire the Express rode, fagg'd very much by the time
she got here. I did intend last night to let my Horse go in her
rome [room], but was obliged to do it this morning as she got out
of the Way and as the Express has been almost three Days coming
from Savannah. I could not think of keeping him longer than last
night. I shall look up the mair this morning & acquaint you by my
next Letter how I like her. I believe her to be a verry good Creature.

I am yours, &ca.

L. Mackintosh Jr.

^^Resolve of the St. Andrews Parochial CoTimiittee loth Sept.
ij'jS ivth. List of Torys'*''

In Committee St. Andrew's Parish the loth. September 1776.*
Whereas greater Lenety, & Indulgence hath been shewn to the
people called Torys in this Parish, than any others of their Stamp
throughout the Province, from a natural reluctance of going to
extremeties with those we once called our Friends, Neighbours, &
nearest Connections, & a desire that they might become sensible of
their Error, & that such indulgence would induce them to join
heartily in the cause of their Country. But unfortunately we find
them still to persist obstinately & determinately in their opinions, &
by it's continuance grows into an Inveterate hatred, & malice against
the cause of America, & all it's abettors, which threatens our own
safety especialy in this frontier & exposed Parish if those People
are suffered any longer to go at Large. This is evident by their re-
peated Threats, their plans, and attempts upon those of our fellow
Citizens, who exerted themselves most, & have distinguished them-
selves in their Country's Cause not only by the many artful insinua-
tions, & schemes to bring them into Suspicion, but also against their
Lives. Add to this, the breach of Faith, parole of honour, & the most
solemn Oaths of some of these people, their Non submission to our
Laws, refusing our Currency for the common necessaries of Life,
their positive & general refusal to pay the fines laid on them by
Congress, Rejoicing on every Prospect of the success of our Enemies

6. In hand of John Wereat.

56

whether Civilized (if they may be so called) or Savages, and their
gloomy sullen Silence & Aspects when disappointed, with many other
parts of their Conduct & behaviour to[o] tedious & too Invidious to
enumerate. We are so far from disapproving the forbearance of our
predecessors in Committee, towards these Men, as some of Narrow,
Contracted, & designing views have done, that we highly commend
their Humanity & Moderation as well as their Fortitude, who being
so few, stood forth, at the risque of their Lives, amidst such num-
bers of secret as well as open professed Enemies, untill they were
found incorrigible. We therefore having taken those reasons with
many other agravating curcumstances into mature consideration, &
with the tenderest regard to that Freedom we contend for, which
we would not wantonly & without the utmost Necessity deprive any
one individual off. Do now, resolve that the following Persons, as
dangerous to the public safety, be immediately taken into safe Cus-
tody, & if necessary the assistance of the Military requested, until
they take the Test, or give satisfactory Security to the President &
Council that is to say

Sir Patrick Houstoun
Robert Baillie
Alexr. Baillie
Alexr. Todd
David Ross
William Ross
John McDonald Senr.
William McDonald
John McDonald Junr.
John Southerland

Angus Kenedy
Murdock McLeod
Hugh McKinzie
Donald McKay
Angus McKay
William Clark
Alexr. Creighton
John Mcintosh
Thomas Young
Archibd. McDonald

James Chapman
Alexr. McDonald
John Ryan
Robert Grant
Roderick Mcintosh
William Cannon
George Cannon
John Cannon
John McDonald mason

By order of the Committee
signed
Charles McDonald, Chmn.

St. Andrews Parish loth. September 1776
Sir You are requested to give every asistance in your Power to
any party of the Militia, in taking up the people called Torys, in
this Parish, according to a Resolve of our Committee this Day.
To any Military Officer

Commanding in St. Andrews Parish

''Copy Letter to President [Bulloch] ist. Novr. i'j'j6"'^

Sir I arrived here late last night and found people in the utmost
confusion, Familys, Women, Children, & Luggage all along the road

57

as I came, mooving different ways, [illegible] as it was. I believe
I have chiefly removed there fears and convinced many of them
that they may rest perfectly Secure at their respective Homes. All
that I can Learn yet is that a party of people (whether White or
Indians or both together is not yet known) burnt one William Wil-
liams's Houses and provisions on the other side of the Alta-
maha, & a nother party burn[t] several small Settlements on this
side of the river, about Beards Bluff on the Ceeded Lands. I ordered
a party immediately to secure the river up as far as Ahoopy part
of them to cross the Alatamaha at the Ford at Beards Bluff leaving
the rest to keep possession & fort them Selves at that important pass.
Two other partys I have ordered South of the Alatamaha one of them
to Scout up that river untill they Join the First & proceed to the
Southward, while the other goes directly to Satilla or even over St.
Johns river if necessary so that I think they can hardly miss over-
taking and chastising the fugitives. I ordered a fourth party of
Horse Men to Carnys Settlement upon Turtle river as I was in-
formed when I came here that Captain Oldis' in an arm'd Schooner
with 60 Men came aShore on Frederica Island burnt one Whittiers
Settlement Killed some of his Creaturs & sent some Boats up Turtle
River to Carneys. I am now getting Boats ready to send a party
after them by Water also; how necessary would one of the Gallies
or arm'd Boats be now if Stationed at the Devidings as I proposed
instead of Lying Idle in & about Sunbury but I hope wee will get
people to know their duty better & in proper order soon. When wee
shall be able not only to protect our Settlements but retaliate upon
the plunderers. I prepose going in the morning to Barrington and
Beards Bluff myself to Direct the proceedings of Major Marbury &
his people whom I expect in a few Days down from the Western
Settlements. All those that I find well Horsed I think to send to the
Southward as they come while the others with the Detachment of
the Battallion are fixing the Chain of forts proposed which I appre-
hend will keep our Settlements in perfect Security in future & I
hope will meet with your Excellencys and the Councils approbation.
One thing I am at a loss how to act in & should be glad of your
direction as soon as possible that is whether I shall give orders to
our partys to fire upon Indians, they appear to me either to flatter
our Enemys with a Shew of Joining them in order to get as much
as they can, or to restrain themselves from Killing any of us, while
they are provoking us every other way they can to have the plea
of our beginning first but surely Burning & Destroying our prop-

7. In unknown hand.

58

erty is commencing Hostility as much as Killing; on the other Hand
although it is provoking to suffer these insults if they are found to be
guilty, it is a quere whether it is not prudent to defer an open
Breach with them untill wee are better prepared, but these things I
leave to your Excellencys consideration & have the Honr. to be
yr. Ex. &c.

I St. Novr. 1776

It appears to me these partys by Land & Water were in concert
to attack us at the same time. I hope this will open our Eyes to see
the necessity of Evacuating our Islands & South of this river as soon
as possible.

^'Talk Sent by Tom Gray to Indians 2^d. Deer. i'j'j6''^

General Mcintosh, the head Man of [words torn off] belonging to
the Wise Men of Georgia, Sends Talk to his Brothers, Country
Men, Warriou[rs] & Head Men of all the Creek Nation.

Brothers,

We in Georgia, & you red Men of the Creek Nation are, and
should be one People, the same Ground produces the Corn, the Deer
& the Cattle that feeds us, & we look upon you as Children of the
same Mother, we could wish & desire that your Wise Men & our
Wise Men would join, meet, & Consult each other in the Council
House. Your Warriours & our Warriours take up the Hatchet as
with one Hand to keep our Enemys the red Coats & other people
over the great Water out of our Country; they want to take our
Lands from us, & make you & us Slaves to cut down all the Trees
and work them, and they pay John Stuart & other bad Men to tell
you Lyes, & Cheat you, as they paid our old Governor to Cheat us,
but our Wise Men knew him well, & would not believe him. We are
sorry to hear some of you, our Country Men & Brothers, give ear
to John Stuart, Governor Tonen [Tonyn], and other bad People;
They cheated the Cherokees with their Lyes, who were so foolish
as to believe them & take up the Hatchet against their Brothers, &
Country Men, the Carolinians, and now they see, when they are
drove out of their Country, like a Gang of Cattle, & their Corn all
destroyed, that the people over the great Water cannot help them;
they are too far off; their bigg Canoes cannot [words torn off]

8. This is the Talk referred to in Letter Book, under date of 27 Decem-
ber, 1776, above.

59

[t]hem, and the few that come, can only [words torn off] in their
Castles & Strong Houses, and where [thjere is clear Ground, they
lose themselves [am]ong our Trees, & cannot fight as we do. We
[ha]ve been killing them, & beat them at Boston, New York, Charles-
town & every where they tryed to come aShore from their bigg
Cannoes near two years, untill they are now tired of it, & going
back to their own Country & Leave this Land all to ourselves.
Brothers,

We Love you, & wish to make you a happy People as ourselves,
our Fathers who Settled this Land first & your Fathers Loved one
another, but we are Sorry to See that some of you their Children
have forgot it, altho' you are bom in the Same Country with us
you call us Virginians, you believe the Lyes that every bad Man
tells you against us. your bad Men Steals our Horses our Cattle &
Sett our Houses on fire, and do every thing in their power to make
us Angry, & take up the Hatchet against you. you know we always
had great patience & tryed to forget these things as we wished to
continue vour Friends but now. General Mcintosh's Warriors are
angry Three of your People have killed some of our People, & they
must have Satisfaction. Our Warriors took them Prisoners & wanted
to kill them, but our Wise Men would not Let them do it, but keep
them untill all your Head Men comes down to Savannah & do it
themselves,^ and then make a firm Peace with you, which will last
as Long as the Sun Shines or the Waters Run [an]d be like one
People.

[Words torn off] Mcintosh himself is one of the old People who
settled this Land first with [words torn off] he shook Hands and
knew many [words torn off] he Loves you their Children, [words
torn off] own Good, that you would hear this Talk of his & think
gravely upon it, and Send down [a] 11 the Head Men of your Towns
to Savannah soon to Sit in Council House with our Wise Men, or
else he cannot restrain his Warriors any Longer from going up to
your towns & drive you out of your Country as the Carolinians have
drove their Country Men the Cherokees.
Savannah 23d. Decem. 1777 [should be 1776]

By Singer & Tom Gray

9. The word "yourselves" is written directly above "tliemselves" in this
draft, and the words are bracketed. Apparently Mcintosh had not decided
which word to use. A similar choice between words or phrases appears in
many of the following papers.

60

^Tapers respecting the Augustine Expedition in April ijjY^^'

Savannah 24th. March 1777.
I wrote Colo. Sumpter see No. i. with Genl. Howe's Letter-
to asist the president if he required it.
25th. March
Reed, the presidents first Letter of yesterday, desiring asistance.
See the Letter & the reply upon it, No. i . wth. General Howes Letter.
28th. March
Reed, the presidents Second Letter, of yesterday, & put all our
Troops under Marching orders on the Shortest Notice. See the Let-
ter, No. 2. with the Reply upon it.
8th. April 1777.
Reed, this Day orders from the Council, in consequence of a
Council of warr held in Savannah. No, 4.
loth. April 1777
Reed, the presidents 3d. Letter of yesterday & ordered the Troops
immediately to march. See Letter No. 3. with Answer upon it. to be
at a Council Warr Sunbury Monday 14th.
Fry day i ith. April
Colo. Elbert with all his Regiment, & part of the ist. Regimt.
who waited ready Since yesterday for the Militia, started this Day.
& got to Sunbury Sunday.

Sunday the 13th. April
After Seeing the remainder of the ist. Battalion off, I Set out this
Day myself.

Monday the 14th. April.
I arrived at Sunbury in the Evening, see Note & answer No. 5.
& held a Council of the Officers, who were of opinion, the presidents
calling a Council of Warr, Courts Martial, or any other Detail of
the Duty was out of his Line, quite Improper for the President of
the State, & interfering with the particular province of the Officers
of the iMilitary, & more especialy as there was few or no Militia
to Join them, &ea. &ea.

Tuesday 15th. April.
Held a Council of Officers (Commandants of Corps) at the pres-
idents who were of opinion, that a Continental General was alto-
gether useless in this State, if he had not a right to call Councils of
Warr, Court Martials, & other orders respecting his own Brigade,
but the General and Commanders agreed themselves to wait upon the

10. There is a copy of this paper in the Peter Force Georgia Transcripts
in the Library of Congress. A few missing words in the above were supplied
from the Force copy.

61

president on all Occasions for his directions respecting their Several
Departments, plans of operation &ca. & they to call their Several
Councils of warr &ca. according to the Rules & Discipline of warr in
order to forward the Expedition. & they waited upon him accord-
ingly this Evening for that purpose, with which Seemingly all
partys were Satisfyed.

Wednesday i6th, April
Ordered both Regiments to be ready to Embarque, & that all the
Officers take the Oaths of Fidelity & abjuration. Lyman Hall coming
to Sunbury brought back the old contest of the right of calling
Councils of Warr, when it was thought to be Settled, & Summonses
were Served upon the Several Field Officers to attend to Morrow
lo oClock. See No. 6.

Thursday 17th, April
The Troops Embarqued. Sent Letter No. 10. I attended the Coun-
cil with the Commodore agreeable to Summons See No, 6 but no
officer from the ist. & 2d. Battalions, upon which Colo. Sumpter
[blank]. I then Issued orders for a Council of Warr at Colo. Elberts
Tent which was held, & made a return of their Sense to the pres-
identNo. 7 then orders were given by the president to the Captains
of the two Gallies & Artillery to fire upon any Boat or vessel that
went down the River, without acquainting the Commodore or my-
self of it. A Council of State Sent for &ca.

Saturday 19th. April
four of the Council Sat & passed Resolves &ca. Tested &ca. which
were Sent to me that Night by the president. No. 8.

Sunday 20th. April 1777.
Called a Council of warr. Laid the Resolves before them, which
they pronounced unworthy their Notice & was the reason their
opinions was not Signed after giving it. No. 9. Set off for Savannah
in the Evening, and Monday Night came to Town.

Tuesday the 2 2d.
Council of State called, to whom I presented a Remonstrance See
No. 9 which was thrown aside without giving me a hearing an
Act of injustice unheard of, & in fact, part of them (as I am in-
formed) took upon them to Suspend me by issuing orders to Colonel
Elbert, dated them two Days afterwards, conscious of their illegal
& unjust proceedings & I am told wrote Secretly to Congress to
Confirm it altho this Honourable House was so near Sitting who of
right ought to enquire into these proceedings.

Wednesday the 23d.
This morning the President sent his orders to Colo. Elbert by

Express, & after these proceedings in which I might be Said to be
Condemned without hearing. I was Sent for by Council, but Still
Stove off & evaded giving me a hearing that Day nor ever Sent or
allowed me any afterward.

Saturday the 26th. April

reed. Colo. Elberts Letters, with Copy of the Councils Instruc-
tions which see No. 1 1 . Called a Council of warr, which see No. 1 2
with my Answer.

Thus I have given the House a plain candid Accot. Since I was
concerned or had any knowledge of an Expedition first formed to
gratify the dangerous^^ Ambition of this Man, & which distressed
this Country so much & so amazing an Expence, tho' not well equipt
for want of knowledge in him at last. & I fear its Consequence, whereas
had He proceeded properly Consulted the Officers of the Army in
time, and left the prosecution of their own business to themselves,
it might have a good Effect. See Sumter & Bakers Letters. But every
impartial & unprejudiced Member of this House must see the inten-
tion of the whole plan from first to Last, & I, as your fellow Citizen
call for the Justice of your Honle. House against such oppressions
Slanders & falsehoods.^^

"Order of Council Appointing CoTnmrs. on the Cherokee treaty

ApL ijth. 7777 from Wm. Glascock Esquire one of the

CoTmnissioners for the Cherokee Treaty.''''

In Council April 17th. 1777^^
Resolved That Jonathan Bryan, Jona[than] Cochran, John Were-
at, John Walton, and Willm. Glascock Esqrs. or any three of them
be the Commissioners appointed by this State, agreable to the desire
of the State of South Carolina to attend the Indian Congress to be
held at De Witts corner on the seventh of May next, or when and
where the same may be so held.

Resolved, That it be an instruction to the Commissioners appoint-
ed to attend the Indian Congress that they join and concur in all
matters that appear likely to insure a firm and lasting Peace with the
Indians but that they have no power to agree upon any terms that
may be proposed, (should there be any such) for fixing the Lines

11. Reads "Lawless" in the Force copy.

12. The following note is on the back of this paper: "[Memori]al, or
Memo, presented to the House [of] Assembly, with the particulars of the
intended Expedition to Augustine May Ist 1777."

13. In unknown hand.

63

or ascertaining any matter whatever between this State and South
Carolina, the same to be wholy reserved to the Legislature.

A true Copy from the Minutes
Signed Saml, Stirk Clk Council
Copy

Savannah April 17th. 1777
Sir As a Congress is appointed to be held with the Cherokee In-
dians on the Seventh day May next, at De Witts Corner in South
Carolina, the Council have appointed you one of the Commissioners
(among othe[r] Gentlemen) to attend the same.

I have herewith inclosed a copy of the Resolves of Council re-
specting the same.

They have allowed each of the Gentlemen Fifty Pounds, in Con-
tinental Currentcy to defray their expence to and from the same.

By order of the Council
Signed Saml. Stirk Clk Council
Copy
To William Glascock Esquire
Augusta

Samuel Elbert to Mcintosh

North-End Amelia 25th May 1777.^^
Dear Sir After many delays we arrived at this place on the Night
of the 1 8th, Instt. I immediately landed Lieutt. Ward of the 2d
Regiment with a party of men with orders to march directly to the
South End of the Island and in his way to Secure all the Inhabitants
to prevent the Enemy geting information of our Approach, being
well informed that they had a lookout for us; in this we were not
altogether successful, as one man made his escape in a padling Canoe,
which we were soon convinced of by hearing the Enemy fire their
Alarm Guns about Eleven OQock the next morning; this party was
fired on, the next day by a party of the Enemy, poor Ward killed
on the Spot and two of his men badly wounded, our Brave fellows
returned the fire and soon put the others to the rout, the Woods being
very thick they could not come up with them; on the morning of
the 19th. we were Joined by thirteen of Colo. Bakers men soon after

14. In Elbert's hand. The copy that Elbert retained is in his Order Book,
in a very mutilated condition, and was published in Collections of the Geor-
gia Historcial Society (Savannah, 1902), V, pt. 2, 29-30. Mcintosh's copy Is
not quite complete and the last word was supplied from the previously pub-
lished copy. Another copy, identical with the above, is in the Force Georgia
Transcripts Library of Congress.

64

by two more & two days after by three others who all agree in the
Account of that Unfortunate Gentleman being Attacked on Satur-
day the 17th. by a Superior number of Reg[u]lars who were Assist-
ed by the Florida Scout & a number of Indians and obliged to take
to flight for Safety. I have not been able to get any particular Account
of this unlucky Affair, but as the men inform that Colo. Baker be-
haved with the greatest Courage & Resolution I have no doubt but
that he made a Safe Retreat with all the Men who were on Horse
back, the last three men who came to us, say that they, with five
others were made prisoners by some of the Florida Scout, some little
time after time they were Joined by a party of Indians, that they
for some time treated them well & gave them Victuals to Eat, that
while on their march, the Indians fired on them unexpectedly, Killed
the other five, and that they in the Hurry & Confusion, not being
Tied, made their Escape, tho' closely pursued by McGirt and others;
they say that A4cGirt told them, that they hourly Expected a large
number of Indians to Join them, that they well knew of Colo.
Baker's coming & the Number of Men he had with him, & that they
likewise knew of our Coming by Water, and said they were well
prepared to receive us. I believe all this to be true, as I have had
the same information from others; tis a fact that they have a Battery
on Hesters's Bluff with a 10 Gun Ship & Mowbery's Sloop to defend
the passage of St. John's River, & our lookout on the South-End of
this Island observed two Vessells Standing off and on, no dou[b]t
in Expectation of our attempting to go with the Galleys by Sea,
well knowing it to be impossible for us to pass the Narrows. We
have been Six days attempting that pass, but it is Impossible to get
the Smallest of the three Galleys through, without Cuting through
a High Marsh upward of an Hundred Yards; even this we attempted,
and worked a day at, but when we came to calculate, found it
would be at least a months work; taking those matters into Considera-
tion, and not having two days provisions of either Beef or Pork, in
the fleet, we have come to a determination of returning and going
up St. Marys, where I am determined to make a stand and do all in
my Power to Prevent the Enemy entering the Province or geting
Supplys, provided I can by any means get Beef for the Soldiers (Rice
we have 3 months supply of) but should Necessity oblige us I will
retreat as far as Saint Ilia, where tis probable we can get Beef and
where you may depend I shall remain till I hear from you. If it
should be necessary for us to penetrate as far as St. Johns by Land,
pray let me be Strongly Reinforced, as the Enemy know where we
are and it is too late to think of Surprizing them. I can muster above

65

300 Effective Men including those of the Light Horse who Joined
us, the Gallys imploy all except 50 or 60 of the first Regiment. Horses
& Pack Saddles wth. plenty of Osnabrigs for Bags we cant do with-
out; send me 2 or three thousand Gun flints, being almost without
and if to be had some Swan Shott.

"Coppy Letter to Geo. Walton Esqr. 30th. August 7777 jrom
John Wereat Esqr.^^

Savannah 30th. August 1777^"^
My Dear Sir I wrote you a few days ago in a great hurry for fear
of loosing an opportunity that then offered, for Charles Town to
be forwarded from thence by Mr. Dorsius by the first opportunity.
I now begin to tremble for the fait that awaits this devoted Country,
honesty, integrity, & a love of Justice being the declared, & avowed
principles of any Man are crimes sufficient to secure him the hatefull
name of Torey and to hold him up to the resentment of the people,
as an Enemy to his Country. I think I told you sometime ago that I
thought the Augmentation, of the representation under our present
circumstances a great evil; every days experience convinces me that
it [is] so, & it requires no great degree of presience to declare that
Georgia cannot exist as a seperate state twelve months longer, with-
out the immediate interposition of Congress. I told you in a former
letter how the laws that this Country are ruled by, were framed &
agreed upon, at a nightly meeting in a Tavern. This tho' dangerous in
its consequences is but a part of the evil. We have now another Nock-
tumal Society, established, who have arrogated to themselves the
name of The Liberty Society. The business of this Cabal as far as I
am capable of Judgeing seems to be principally intended to poison
the minds of the people throughout the State, & to set them at enmity,
with every Man who is not of their party. They or the leaders of
them seem to be void of every sentiment of honour, & truth is a
stranger to their proceedings, they bellow Liberty, but take every
method in their power, to deprive the best part of the community
of even the Shadow of it. Those wretches appear to me to have a
manifest intention to destroy the reputation of their neighbors; in
order to raise themselves fortunes, & political fame upon the ruins
of the real Friends of their Country, and the American Cause. One
of their proceedings as far as I have been able to inform my self, has
that tendency, which you may be informed, of in some degree, by

15. In Wereat's hand. A copy of this letter and other papers pertaining
to the Liberty Club are in the Force Georgia Transcripts, Library of Con-
gress.

66

perusing the inclosed Copy of a Circular Letter, which seems calcu-
lated for the diabolical purpose of destroying General McKintosh
to accomplish which the vilest falshoods are imposed upon, the
people to induce them to give their sanction to these deeds of dark-
ness. The reason set forth in this Letter I know to be as diametrically
opposite to truth, as Light to darkness so far from being an Enemy
to civil Government, he is and always was since I knew him, as
great a Stickler for it as any Man, in the State. You may remember
an instance of it at his appointment, to the Command of the first
Batta[lio]n.

The Petition aluded too the General has never been able to obtain
a sight of, neither could I, though I have endeavoured frequently
to se[e] it; so that it may truly be said to be Stolen Petition. No per-
son who refused to sign it, is ever trusted with any of the Secrets
of the Club afterwards, let them assign reasons ever so good for their
refusing. The reasons for desireing the General to be removed, besides
that set forth in the Circular Letter are said to be; first his Connec-
tions; that his Brother William McKintosh who was formerly Colonel
of the horse, was obliged to resign his Commission the people were
so Clamerous against him.

idly. That his Brother Geo. McKintosh; that Known Traitor was
screened by the General, from being brought to Justice untill he
could make his escape.

3dly. That a relation of his (Alexr. Baillie) was detected in carry-
ing Intelligence to St. Augustine to the Enemy, giving them notice
of an expedition then in agitation, & afterwards carryed on without
Success.

4thly. That a Nephew of the General's (one McKintosh) in the
Indian Nation, was an avowed and open Enemy, to the American
Cause, and is stirring up the Indians against the f renter [frontier]
parts of this State. The foregoing are part of the many accusations
contained in the St. Johns Petition, as far as a Gentleman who heard
it read, can charge his memory, & which I am told is now on its
way to Congress.

With respect to what is said in the first Instance of William McKin-
tosh; I wrote you my opinion with freedom, & candor sometime
ago. he was twice examined before the house, & both times honor-
ably acquitted, once he received their thanks, and I believe it will
be acknowledged by those who are not prejudiced, or worse, that
no officer in that Regiment, has ever done the duty, & gone through
the fatigue that he did. As to the Treason of George McKintosh, I
presume you are pretty well informed on that Score by this time;
it may be here added however that there are two Gentlemen lately ar-

67

rived here from London, by the way of Augustine, & Providence; Mr.
Peronneau & Mr. Bellenger, who informed, that they conversed with
Panton in Augustine, who declared that George McKintosh was
perfectly Innocent of the Vessels going to Florida, & that if he was
allowed to come in safety to this State, he would clear up the mat-
ter beyond the possibility of a doubt.

The next Charge, if it can be called so, is diametrically opposite
to the truth, for Mr. Alexdr. Baillie is no more related to the General,
than he is to me, or if he was is that a sufficient ground, for an
accusation.

The following Article is likewise equally false and rediculous for
the young Man, that is in the Indian Nation, and whom they woud
make out to be the Generals Nephew, is no way related to him, so
that this Article of the Charge must fall with the rest. Doctor Hall,
& Benjamin Andrew, keep the ferment up in the parish of St. Johns,
either of whom, I fear wou'd sacrifice the publick weal to their pri-
vate Interest, you may form some opinion of the doctor by his letter,
to me on Gwinnetts affair, with the Secret Committee, & to whom I
forwarded it by Mr. Donaldson. The other has been actually con-
cerned, in importing British Goods, in which he was caught, & the
Goods condemned, of which I wrote you some days ago, & some other
things of a verry bad complexion, but as the publick are not concerned,
I forbear to mention them 'till I see you. Colonel Baker too, I heard
drew up his whole Regiment, & made them sign this Infamous peti-
tion, a down right Act of Mutiny, & I should think ought to be
punished as such. The Demegogue for this Town, & County, is that
infamous wretch old Joseph Wood, a delegate elect for the Continen-
tal Congress, a fellow Notoriously infamous, & who never stood charged
with one honest Action in his life. The Governor I hear keeps it up
in St. Matthews Parish, where he demeaned himself so much, as
to go to an Election the other day for a vacancy, & would not suffer
a Man to vote 'till he first signed a petition against the General. Who
leads the faction in St. George's Parish, I know not, but I believe
Colonel Wells keeps it up in St. Pauls Parish, & the Ceded Lands,
perhaps with some assistance, it appears evident to me that General
McKintosh is too honest for this sett of rulers. That they will stick
at nothing however infamous, & wicked to ruin him and a few
others that stand in their way & will oppose their iniquitous pro-
ceedings. Having now entered pretty fully into this matter, I shall
point out to you some articles of our Constitution, that are broken,
& by whom besides those mentioned, in the addition to Geo. McKin-
tosh's Case inclosed you in my last.

The fourth Article relates to the Election of Members to represent

68

the State in the Assembly, & is broke in the following instances vizt:
"The Port & Town of Savannah shall be allowed four Members to
represent their Trade, & the Port and Town of Sunbury, shall be
allowed two Members to represent their Trade," from whence one
would naturally Conclude, that there ought to be four Seperate &
distinct Elections, one for each Sea Port Town, & one for each
County at large. Yet neither Savannah, or Sunbury, have a Single
Member in the House, in the former instance the whole fourteen
Members, were indiscriminately Chosen, for the County at large, &
at Sunbury they held a saperate Election for the Town agreeable
to the Constitution, & chose two Members, the County at large chose
Sixteen, who were all received, & the two chosen by the Town re-
jected by the House. The Sixth Article says "The representatives
shall be chosen out of the residents, in each County who shall have
resided at least twelve Months in this State, and three Months in
the County where they shall be Elected." The Instances wherin this
Article is violated are as follows. Jos. Wood an Inhabitant of this
Town was returned a Member for the County of Effiingham, where
he never resided, took & retained his seat in the house as such. George
Wells & [an] Inhabitant, & practitioner in phisick in the Town of
Augusta, was returned, & kept his seat for Wilke's County, in direct
Violation of this Article.

A Mr. Jones, who came into this State about 3 Months before the
Election, was likewise returned a Member for Burke County; and
after the meeting of the House was appointed a Counsellor. This
Article says farther "& they shall be of the Protestant Religion, and
shall be possessed in their own right, of two hundred & fifty Acres
Land, or some property to the Value of two hundred & fifty Pounds."

This part of the Article is also broken in two Instances, the first
(as I am Informed) by a Member for the County of Chatham, who
is a Roman Catholic; the other is Wood who, if any body suspects
of being worth two hundred and fifty Pounds in his own right,
let them Examine the Records of the Court, and then Judge.

The seventh Article says, that the House is to direct writs of
Election "for supplying intermediate Vacancies." A Writt was
issued by the House, at there last sitting for Electing two Members,
which writ was interlined, & five came down & were accepted
by the House.

The Seventeenth Article declares that "no person bearing any post
of profit of this State, or any person bearing any Military Commis-
sion, under this or any other State, or States, except Officers of the
Militia shall be Elected a representative." I shall point out two In-
stances, in which this Article is violated, the first is by a person hold-

69

ing a place of profit under this State, a Sallery annexed, not only-
being elected, but has taken, & kept his Seat, as a representative for
the County of Chatham, & is the same Man above mentioned, who
is not of the Protestant Religion, & consequently disqualified, under
both Articles. The other is old Wood the Pay Master of the ist Bat-
talion, who it cannot be doubted, is so to all intents, & purposes,
agreeable to the spirit, & meaning of the Constitution, & has ever
acted in that Character, since such an Officer was appointed, not-
withstanding his Son is Nominally Pay Master: for in the first place
he is a Boy of about Sixteen, or Seventeen, years of Age, & is now
at Philadelphia, or some place to the Northward, & never Acted in
that office, & agreeable to the principles of Law, & reason cannot;
for as he is a Minor, he cannot be bound, & it naturally follows, that
he cannot hold a place of trust, though he might a Military Commis-
sion; from the above premises it is plain to every honest unprejudiced
person that Joseph & not John Wood is pay Master of the first Bat-
taUon, & consequently disqualified, as a representative of the people,
under three different Articles of that Constitution, which he would
fain have Mankind believe he was capitally, concerned in framing,
by publishing his name at the head of it, by way of Introduction. In
order to put this matter, still farther past a possibility of a doubt, &
to prove that he looks upon himself to be the Pay Master, & not his
Son, I assert from undoubted Authority, that he offered that Office
for Sale for a Valuable Consideration: it may be his reasons for it
were that he might have no incumbrance upon his Hands, when he
sets out for Philadelphia to represent the State. The House of As-
sembly by their choice of him acknowledges his fitness, from the
office of Pay Master, or of any other office, where Money is in the
Case, undubitable testimony can be produced; Witness the fraud
attempted against the Spaniard with regard to his Cargo of Sugar,
& his Embezzling the Charitable donations of the free Mason Society
for the reUef of Widows, & orphans; with many others that might
be mentioned, but these are matters of Record & cannot be contro-
verted. The i8th. Article says "no person shall hold more than one
Office of profit under this State at one & the same time." Are not
Secratary for the State, & Register of Probates two Offices? yet
they are held by the same person, but this is of little consequence, if
compared with other Matters.

How far the Governor, & Council have maintained inviolate the 19th
Article of the Constitution let the honest unprejudiced part of Man-
kind declare.

But what shall be said when we come to take a view of the Oaths,
by which the Assembly, Governor & Council, are solemnly bound?

70

as you have them in the Constitution I sent you 'tis unnecessary to
transcribe them here. Whether the Assembly have Executed the trust
reposed in them for the benefit of the State, & the support of the
Constitution thereof or not, I leave you to Judge after the facts above
mentioned. If they would come off by pleading that they did so, to
the best of their Knowledge, it may be presumed, that there Knowl-
edge is inadequate to the purpose for which they were chosen. Ad-
mitting the forementioned four Members to be unduly Elected &
to retain their seats, contrary to the Constitution & that they all voted
for the Governor as it is acknowledged they did as well as himself,
& as upon closing the Poll it appeared, that he had but a Majority
of one Vote, with what face he could swear, that he had not ac-
cepted the Government contrary to the Articles of the Constitution,
I cannot conceive; he certainly cannot be so stupedly Ignorant as
not to know these things. How well he has protected the people in
the secure enjoyment of all their rights, franchises, & priviledges,
the proceedings against Geo, McKintosh (whom he declared he be-
lieved to be Innocent) will abundantly evince.

The President of the Council, the Constitution says shall take the
same Oath, as is prescribed for the Governor, but with all due def-
ference to the Constitution Makers they have given us two Kings
of Brentford, in the persons of Truitlen, & Andrew, the latter has
also been guilty of breaking the Constitution, he has sworn to sup-
port; but the Man frequently says, he is "an Ignorant Country Man,"
this you must readily Grant, & believe him to be as Ignorant as he
pretended to be; when he can mistake his order, for punishing a
Man before he is convicted, to Mistake the Congress in Philadelphia,
for a Jury of the Vicinage in Georgia, both which he has certainly
done, & you will readily believe it was through Ignorance, as you
know that he is a Christian Saint, & does unto all Men, as he would,
they should do unto him.

From what I have above sett forth, & the addition to Geo, McKin-
tosh's Case, before sent you, with a good deal that might be added,
you will readily conceive the Situation of this State; neither is there
any prospect of a change for the better. Some people from the
Southward I am told from being oppressed, & plundered of their
little means of subsistance, are gone to Augustine, many more talk
seriously of removing to Carolina; & it's probable that by the Con-
duct of those who misrule the State, we shall in a short time be
Joined to Carolina or Florida, God avert the latter the former would
be infinitely preferable to our present Situation, when neither Lib-
erty, or property are secure.

In order to shew you still farther, what chance a Man has for to

71

obtain Justice, after the Club has taken an active part against him,
I shall relate one circumstance more to you, for which purpose I
kept his Letter open. When I found their was no obtaining Justice
for Air. McKintosh from the Council, & that they had obstructed
the prejudiciary department of Government, I resolved to try the
House of Assembly, & accordingly drew up a Spirited Remonstrance
complaining of the Conduct of the Governor, & Council, praying for
a hearing, & Justice, the hearing indeed was granted, but Justice is
still denied and possession is still kept of Mr. McKintosh's Estate.

I have been since told, by some of the Members that if a nother
aplication was made to the House an order would Issue for the
restitution of the property, but this I would not do, as they thought
proper to refuse Justice, upon the former application.

A principle reason for declining, another aplication to the House
was the approaching Sessions in October, and upon drawing the
Grand Jury, I found a more respectable one, than I have seen for
many years, I therefore resolved, to lay the Matter fully before
them, & try if they will take the Matter up, which is a measure that
I think must Succeed.

The Governor, & Council, all threatened to resign it, if the House
did not approve of their conduct in this business, but in this they
did not succeed for the House would not give a Sanction to so
much infimous Villainey, tho' they refused to do Justice themselves.
Doctor Hall endeavoured as much as lay in his power to enrage the
House, & to get the authors of the addition of the Case of Geo.
McKintosh Esqr. taken up & punished, but unfortunately for his
purpose, there was too much truth in it to be controverted & he fail'd
of his plan, I never observed so much rancor in the Conduct of any
man, as appeared visible in the Doctor upon this Occasion.

Your Cousin Geo. Walton was buried yesterday, he was taken
off verry suddenly after two or three days illness, he died at Colonel
Harris's Plantation having gone out so far to accompany some Officers,
who were going upon a Command to the So.Ward, when being a
good deal heated he drank a large quantity of cool Water, & washed
himself before he had time to cool. Your Brother has been verry ill
and was not able to attend the House, but I have not heard how he
is since, the first account of his Illness which may be about a month
ago. I heard he went to some medicinal Springs in Carolina for his
health, which I sincerely wish may be serviceable to him. I am verry
sincerely

Dr. Sir

Your Most Obt. Servt.

John Wereat

72

I forgot to tell you that an action is instituted agains[t] Lang-
worthy for Perjury, which I have great reason to believe will be
proved; this County will be hopefully represented in Congress by
this Genious and old Wood; the latter has as great pretensions to the
Character of a finished v~l~n as any Man on the Continent. I in-
close you Copys of Mr. Peronneau's & Mr. Bellingers affidavits.

Circular

Gentlemen The safety of this State and the Good of the American
cause, in General is the sole Motive, of this application at such a time
as this when every thing that can be dear upon earth to freemen is at
Stake, it must be the duty of every virtuous Member of Society to
warn his bretheren & neighbours, of impending danger, that they
may escape or at least provide against the Evils that they are threat-
ened with, the Many incroachments upon Constitutional Liberty &
civil Government, by the Corrupt & venal Ministry of Great Britain
made it absolutely necessary for the Inhabitants of North America,
to disolve their Political Connections with her, & to errect such
modes of Government as might be most suitable to the genius of each
respective State, & every thinking Man, must be convinced that to
errect a Constitution calculated to promote the Liberty of the people
& the happiness of Mankind on the ruins of the former must be an
arduous task a work that demands the greatest abilities, but as the
Civil Authority in every new Government must be lax, & require
the support & Countenance of every lover of Order, & Society, so any
attempt to subvert & oppose it must be of the most dangerous con-
sequences & tend to the Introduction of Anarchy & every evil Work.
If any Man therefore however high in office or exalted in Station,
shall attempt to weaken or oppose the civil power, he must be con-
sidered by his Country as a dangerous person, whose going at large
may be highly prejudicial to the publick Welfare, such a person
common prudence will dictate should be removed from amongst us
to prevent the Mischiefs that might otherwise be apprehended. In-
fluenced by these Considerations a number of fre[e]men Inhabitants
of the County of Chatham reviewing the Conduct of Brigadr. Gen-
eral McKintosh & observing in several Instances his aversion to the
civil power of this State have been induced to draw up & sign the
inclosed Memorial Addressed to the Honobl. the Continental Con-
gress setting forth the Reasons they would alledge for the removal
of the said General McKintosh, & praying that the same may be done
as soon as possible, they being persuaded it is a measure which would
quiet the minds of the greatest part of the Inhabitants of this State
& be the means of establishing peace, harmony & unanimity amongst us.

If on perusal the Memorial should meet with your approbation,
we request it may be read to the Inhabitants in your County, & that
as many as Coincide with us in sentiment, may sign the same which be-
ing done you will immediately send it back to his Honor the Governor
& Council. We must conclude with assuring you Gentlemen that we
are not led to this measure through any prejudice or partiality, but
from a conviction of its rectitude, & Justice having no other view
but the publick safety & protection.

(Signed) Wm. Belcher, Pre[siden]t of the
Copy Liberty Society

The above copy of a circular Letter, sent to every County in the

State appears to me to have been * originally written by L y

one of the Members of the Nocturnal Club, and is fraught with plausi-
bility. Lies and misrepresentations, for the worst of purposes.

If the Man they want to hunt down errs, 'tis the Reverse of what
is alledged in the Letter. But the true reason for their wanting him
removed, appears to me to be because he is a Man utterly unfit for
their purpose, & if they could get him Removed, and one of their
own Stamp to succeed him, they would be able to accomplish the
ruin of the Country with greater ease. You may also observe * that
thee Governor & Council are of the party, the former descends
from the dignity of his station to associate alternately with the Noc-
turnal Club, & at Wades Tavern, with the Western Members, &
when he is in Town gets his daily Bread out of his (Wades) Kitchen,
where he lives the greatest part of his time with a Mrs. Unseld a Baker

J. W.

"Proceedings Court Martial 12. to 14th. May ijjS.
Colo. Clark''

Camp [illegible] i
At a Brigade Court Martial held by order of Brigadier General
Mcintosh "for the trial of all such prisoners as may be bro't before
them."

Col. Thomas Clark, president

Capts. Philip Taylor

Joshua Bowman
Andrew Vannoy
Robert Fenner

Lieuts. Robert Verner
Lewis Cannon

Lieuts. Robert Nicholson

Patrick McGibbonv
Charles O'Neal
Daniel Schaw
Charles Gerrell
Stephen Southall

Members

*The portion between the asterisks is in Mcintosh's hand.
16. In unknown hand.

74

Adam Boyd Judge Advocate

The court having met according to adjournment, the following
prisoners were bro't before them, vizt.

Serjeant Joseph West charged "with letting the prisoners go at
large and being drunk on guard." The prisoner confessed the first
part of the charge but denied the last, and said he was very unwell,
had taken physic the day before, which had weakened him much, that
he lay down to sleep, giving the centinel orders not to let the pris-
oners go out, that from his being suddenly wakened, he supposes
Capt. Williams imagined he was drunk, but he had not drank above
half a gill of liquor that day.

Capt. Benjamin Williams deposed upon oath, that on passing the
guard house, he saw one or more of the prisoners & others playing
ball at a distance from the centinel, that he then went into the guard
house to inquire for the serjeant of the guard, that after some inquiry
he found him (vizt. Joseph West) asleep, that he waked him up, &
by his actions he was convinced he was drunk, for he could not walk
across the floor without staggering.

The court found the prisoner guilty of the charge, but in considera-
tion of his having been for sometime much indisposed, they adjudge
that Serjeant Joseph West should only be reduced to the ranks.

For want of proper evidence the court could not proceed to try
William Samples for desertion, therefore they adjourned till lo o'clock
next Monday morning, when the evidences are expected in camp.

T. Clark Col. & Pres.
Attest

Adam Boyd J. A.

[Endorsed:] The Honorable Brigadier General Mcintosh.

"Draught of a Letter to be Sent by my Son Lackie to Govt.
Houstoun of Georgia Augt. ijjS from pitsburgj"

Dr. Sir My Disposition I must confess is a Little Singular; if Love
& attachment to a Particular Spot of Ground is public Virtue, I
believe I may claim it equal to any person Living; if it is a Vice no
one upon Earth is more Criminal than myself. I dont know well how
to reconcile it, I always find myself Naturally a Lover of equality
amongst Mankind. I am certain at the Same time that equalits^ is in-
compatible with a large Extensive Government of any Sort. Yet I
feel myself Fired when any other State assumes or claims any Su-
periority, or aims to take the Lead, or any advantage of our little
Georgia.

75

Latitude of 35 Deg. No. & I am certain must come within^'^ our Lim-
its or a due west Course was run according to the Charter from the
Source or fountain head of Savannah or Keeowie River to the Mis-
sissippi. Gaillard himself in his Map of So. CaroHna from actual Sur-
vey places the 34th. Degree a little above the Mouth of Broad
River or Fort Charlotte, & if that is right, the head of Tugalo or
I dont know but the forks will go beyond the 35th. whereas the
markers are in the Lat. of Savannah or farther South, but that will
be best Judged by you Sir & the Honl. Council & Legislature of the
State. I flatter myself what I have done as it would admit of no delay
will be approved & Confirm [e]d if found to be right, or if found
otherwise that it will be imputed to my Zeal for the Interest & Dig-
nity of the State. I promised Young Gaillard if he returned the Sur-
veys properly to you his appointment would be confirmed, & meet
with any Encouragement he could reasonably expect from the State.

I must Confess Notwithstanding that I am not an advocate or friend
to Large & Extensive Governments of any kind as I am convinced
they are Incompatible with that equality which is so Necessary for
the happiness & freedom of the Individual of every Society, but when
we find the declared Principle of a Neighbouring State or Society of
People to be Ambition Grandeur & Extent of Dominion I presume it
beho[o]ves every prudent People to be watchfuU & upon their Guard
against their Encroachments. I have heard it said they got great ad-
vantages of No. Carolina by management in runing their boundary
line, and we may expect their Success in that will prompt them to
make the like Tryals upon Georgia on the other side & we know
their declared Principles to be Ambition, Grandeur as a People &
Extent of Dominion. I mean not to depreciate the Character of any
of the Gentlemen of that State, I know to be, & they have proved
themselves in our pres[en]t glorious Revolution Generous Spirited
& Noble but their pride as a people may in time prove Dangerous to
their Neighbours. If I was impowered to do it I think I could get
People enough from this to Settle & keep possession of that Country
for Georgia against all opposition as there are so few people in the
State to do it, & it would be the most effectual State of [if?] Settl
[Settling, Settled?].

17. The word "below" is written above the word "within" in the manu
script.

76

^'Letter intended to be Sent from Pitsburg by my Son Lackie to
Govt. Houston of Georgia"

Fort Pitt [August 1778]"
Dear Sir, I have wrote to you Officially by my Son whom I send
Express this in a matter I think [?] Express, but in a private Manner
can tell you my Mind with more freedom. If Treutland, or [blank]
or [blank] &ca. presided in my Country, I could not help discharg-
ing my Duty to it, for if Love of a particular Spot of Ground is
public Virtue I think I may claim it equal to any person that ever
Lived; if it is a Vice, no one upon Earth is more Criminal than myself.
I heartily rejoice that Georgia has lately changed its plan of Men
& Measures the weakness, or shall I say the Contemptibleness of our
Councils at home & In Congress has encouraged our Ambitious Neigh-
bours in their daring Encroachments upon us, but hope now they
will find their Error. I know our State is weak, and has not Men
enough even for the East Side of it, much less to Spare any for the
West, which doubtless So. Carolina means to take the advantage of,
but I think if I was authorised to appoint Surveyors, & be enabled
to assure the People on this Side of the Mountains that they should
have Grants from Georgia for any Lands they Settled and Improved
in certain Portions^^ on the Missisipi we should so [on] be strong
enough in that quarter to Support our just Rights & perhaps we
might in a Short time see Members from it in our Assembly.

Mcintosh to General Lincoln.

Augusta in Georgia the loth. August 1779.***
Dear General, I wrote fully to you by Capt. Cooper of the Lt.
Horse the 6th. Insta. which I hope you have reed. Since that (Sunday
Night) Colo. Parker & A4ajor Jamison arrived with their Men, &
are Encampt yet opposite to us upon the Carolina Side of the River.
I dare not Venture them over here untill I get a Little Amunition, I
am promised the Lend of. I was informed yesterday that Holmes
with 250 Indians were at Bryan's Cowpen waiting for Colo. Maitland
& his Lt. Infantry & McGirt's Horse to go up the River Hogeechie.

This Evening I had a Letter from Lieut. Glascock per Express in-
forming me that McGirt with 100. Horse were seen in Burk County,
& was soon to be Joined with two or three hundred Foot Men, that

18. Apparently another draft of the foregoing letter.

19. The word "quantitys" is written over the word "Portions" in the
manuscript.

20. This letter is not one of the original collection of Mcintosh Papers.
It was given to the Society in April, 1950.

77

Twiggs with his Men & the few Light Horse I had Stationed at
Spirit Creek went yesterday to try if they could get any advantage
of them, or be informed of their Intention, & expect to hear from
him to Morrow.

9 o'Qock at Night.

I am Just informed by Express from Mr. Galphin that a Man was
killed about twelve Miles below his House at 12 o'Clock this Day,
which he Supposes to be by Some of McGirts Men. I must request
you again Sir to hurry the ammunition and other Stores I mentioned
in my Last up here with all possible Expedition, and I think a Stout
Guard will be Necessary to escort them as roberys are frequent upon
the Road as far North as Edisto River, in which I am told the in-
habitants are Concerned; the Virginia Troops came away without
a Single Tent which makes me uneasy for their Healths this rainy
Season in a Climate they are not accustomed to. I wish I had some
Liquor for them to keep their Spirits up, & a Sufficient Number
of them with other Essentials to Act Offensively. I have the Honor
to be very respectfully Sir

Your most obt. Hble Servt.
Lachn. Mcintosh.
Honle. Major Genl. Lincoln

I am informed the Enemy have Established a Post at Hutsons upon
this River, & another up Hogeechie River.

Letter jrom Wm. Glasscock Speaker of the Assembly of Georgia
Dated Augusta ^oth. Now. mj^ (Copy) For Genl. Mclntosh^^

Sir Pursuant to the command of the General assembly, I am directed
to represent the situation of this state to Congress; and to request
their attention to its preservation, as an object of high importance
in its natural and relative capacity.

Congress no doubt is properly informed long since how unfortu-
nately the capital of this state and the major part of the brave troops
which formed the Confederal Brigade were sacrificed and by a small
part of the British troops detached under the command of Sir James
Baird after the royal army had landed on the twenty ninth day of
December last; and whose loss would have been still greater, but
for the gallant opposition by the militia who stopped for some time

21. In an unknown hand. The above title is on the back, but not in Mc-
intosh's hand. The original of this letter is in "Papers of the Continental
Congress," No. 73, folios 250-54, in the National Archives. The Mcintosh
papers include another copy of the part of Glascocks' letter which relates
to Mcintosh.

78

the rapidity of the detour, and which saved those who escaped by
the unexpected order for retreating in the face of the enemy. The
many calamities which befel the inhabitants in consequence of that
inglorious day disconcerted their councils and occasioned a chasm
in the representation to Congress; however they faithfully adhered
to the object of the common cause. And notwithstanding various and
accumulated distresses under which they labored have displayed a
spirit of Bravery and republicanism which have startled even their
enemies. Yes Sir I am authorized to assert that every attempt to re-
duce and seduce which force or gold could enable, have been used
by the enemy to draw this state into British subjection and uniformly
opposed and reprobated by this faithful and honest people.

The Conquest of this State is of great consequence to British views.
Its Southern situation & immediate access with the disaffected who
are numerous in the back parts of the two Carolinas would afford
them an opportunity of recruiting a formidable army and making
dangerous diversions eastwardly. And the breach between them and
Spain calls for new and extensive plans of operation Southwestardly.
The nations on our frontiers are the mark, and we have perfect in-
formation that their friends among the Indians have declared it im-
possible to set the Indian tribes effectually in motion unless a reduc-
tion of this state should take place.

It is unnecessary to observe how much it is the interest as well as
the duty of the states, to slacken the enemys endeavours to annoy
the Spanish settlements, or retard our friends from pressing on the
Floridas; but when the circumstance which may eventually give them
such an opportunity is combined with others which may affect the
safety of the states in general abstracted from the consideration of
this m particular, of itself deserving much, it then becomes a maxim
in politics not to be departed from; but to be supported with every
degree of stability and confidence. The preservation of this state
will destroy the enemys designs and form a barrier by land for the
other states in the Union which are contiguous and contribute in
frustrating the good effects which the enemy may expect by any
movements from New York against our sister states.

As this state is now forming a chain of forts on the Southwestern
frontiers and has occasion for a large sum both for compleating that
purpose and others of great public utility to the Confederal States,
I am commanded to request that Congress will with all possible dis-
patch transmit one million of Dollars for the use of this state which
when arrived will be accountable for.

It is to be wished that we could advise Congress that the return
of Brigr. Genl Mcintosh gave satisfaction to either the militia or

79

Confederals; but the common dissatisfaction is such and that grounded
on weighty reasons it is highly necessary that Congress would whilst
that officer is in the service of the United States direct some distant
field for the exercise of his abilities.

We have no doubt Congress will view our critical situation in a
line of proper attention and true policy. Our merits are certainly
known in the Confederate Alliance. We were scarcely emerging from
infancy when we risqued our lives and rich territory in the great
struggle. Agreeable to our past engagements we combated internal
(an Herculean task we have almost cleansed the stable) and external
foes; and notwithstanding the invasions from Halifax New York
the Floridas and the Indians which drew on us innumerable hard-
shipswe still preserve free government and a determination of losing
the idea only in a general wreck of the states.
By order of the House
Wm Glascock speaker.

Augusta Novr. 30th 1780 [1779]

[The following note in Mcintosh's hand is on the back of the above
letter. The note having been written some time later is out of
chronology here.]

Capt. Clemt. Nash was Sent Express to Congress with the fore-
going Letter and other Complaints against Brigadier General Mc-
intosh by Messrs. Howley & Walton at the public Expence which
was very Considerable, while the brave citizens were upon hard Ser-
vice, & without the common Necessarys for themselves and Familys.
Such is the abuse of Public Money for private Views! Nor were the
People informed of these Complaints to Congress, tho their names
were Prostituted and Exposed in making them untill the Express Cap-
tain Nash returned. And upon the 12th. May 1780, Wm. Glascock
Esqr. Speaker of the Assembly wrote a Letter to the President of Con-
gress Justifying himself & the Representatives of the People from having
any knowledge or hand in the Complaints made against General Mc-
intosh, and that the whole was a forgery & false with respect to them,
this last Letter from Mr. Glascock when presented to Congress pro-
duced the following Artful and Evasive Memorials from Messrs.
Walton & Howley to prop up their falling Characters for a while
Vizt.

Mr. G. Waltons Memorial.^^

22. A copy of Glascock's letter is below under date of May 12, 1780. For
the memorials of Walton and Howley, see "Papers of the Continental Con-
gress," No. 73, folios 270-72, 279-80, in the National Archives.

80

''''Resolves of the Georgia Council Sunday 12th. Deer. ijSo
[fj'jp] the day Gen. Mcintosh left Augusta."
Georgia In Council Augusta Deer. 12th. 1779.*^

Present
His Honor the Governor
Richd. Howley John Hardy

Robt. Middleton Stephn. Heard

John Bilbas [Bilbo] John Twiggs
Whereas the Honble the House of Assembly of this State on the
Twenty Eighth day of November last made & passed the following
Resolutions.

In Assembly Augusta Novr. 28th. 1779.
Whereas a variety of Circumstances render it necessary that a Re-
duction in the Continental Line should be made, & that in the room
of four Battalions of Infantry & one Regiment of Lt. Dragoons which
heretofore subsisted in this State, only one Battalion of Infantry and
one Regiment of Horse should henceforth be the Establishment of
the Same. RESOLVED, That the Said Reduction do accordingly take
place, and that only one Battalion of Infantry & one Regiment of
Cavalry be in future in the Continental or Confederal Establishment
within this State, and properly belonging to, and known by the Same.
AND WHEREAS an humble address hath been made to the House
Signed by a Respectable Number of Officers respecting the Mode of
Officering the Said Regiments, out of the Number of the Officers which
belonged to the Brigade in this State heretofore and have not Resigned
their Commissions, Praying that the Same may be by Ballot among
themselves; and the House being willing to shew every attention to
the Merits of their former Service. RESOLVED, That his honor the
Governor & Executive Council be requested to confer with (or
write to) Brigadier General Elbert on the Subject, desiring that
whatever Mode of Officering the Said two Regiments from the Line
may be thought most Just by a Respectable Majority of the Officers
of the Brigade, shall be carryed into Execution with all Convenient
Expedition, And that his honor the Governor and Executive Council
be recommended to make out Commissions accordingly on a proper
Certificate of the Commissions which each Officer shall be entitled
to, under the Mode of Election which they shall adopt.
Extract from the Minutes of the House
Geo. Seegar C.G.A.

23. Entire copy is in Mcintosh's hand. These resolutions have been pub-
lished in A. D. Candler, ed., The Revolutionary Records of the State of Geor-
gia (Atlanta, 1908), II, 185-89. A copy is in the Force Georgia Transcripts.
in the Library of Congress.

81

AND whereas the said Resolutions being Laid before the Board
on the third day of December Instant, the Same were transmitted
to Brigadier General Elbert, and his Answer, and the Recommenda-
tion of a Number of the Officers were received on the Tenth Instant
& which are as follows.

His Honor George Walton Esqr, Governor & Commander in Chief
in the State of Georgia.
Sir,

I am sorry on account of this bad weather that my Indisposition
will not permit me to meet the Council to day as you desired.

Inclosed is a Copy of the Paper Signed by Such Officers of the
Brigade as were in Augusta at the last Meeting. As there was not a
dissenting Voice present, and as I can undertake to answer that
Several who are at this time absent, will agree to the Same Mode,
am of opinion that Officering the one Battalion of Infantry and one
Regiment of Cavalry from the Line according to Seniority of Com-
missions, will be Conformable to the Sentiments of a Respectable
Majority of the Officers of the Georgia Brigade.

I have the Honor to be with respect. Sir

Your most obt. Servt.

S. Elbert, Br. Genl. Militia in Georgia

We the Subscribers Officers in the Brigade of Continental Troops
for the State of Georgia, having duly considered on the most equitable
Mode of Officering the one Battalion of Infantry and one Regiment
of Cavalry, intended to be kept on the Establishment in the said State,
do recommend that the Officers to the above two Regiments be taken
according to Seniority from the Line in the State of Georgia and do
here presume to express a wish that the Gentlemen whose Misfortune
it is from being Junior in Commisssion to Retire from Serving their
Country may be put upon half Pay and called into Service as vacancys
may happen. Augusta Deer, the 6th. 1779.

S. Elbert, Colo. 2d. Battn.
Jos. Pannill Lt. Colo.
Clemt. Nash, Capt. 3d G.B.
John Cunninham Capt. 2d. G.B.
Littleberry Moseley, Capt. 2d. G.B.
Thos. Glascock Lt. ist. G.B.
Frs. Tennill Lt. 2. G.B.
Pat. Fitzpatrick Lt. 4. G.B.
John Meanly Lt. 3d. G.B.
John Morrison Lt. 2d. G.B.

Cornelius Collins Lt. 2. G.B.
John Frazier Lt. 3d. G.B.
Nathl. Pearre Lt. 3. G.B.
Thos. Payne Lt. 2. G.B.
Henry Allison Lt. 2. G.B.
Fredk. Shick Lt. 2. G.B.
Christo. Hilliry Lt. 4. G.B.
Wm. Mcdonald Lt. G. Lt. D.
Robt. Howe, Lt. 2. G.B.
Lachn. Mcintosh Capt. i. G.B.

82

Geo. Hendley Capt. 2. G.B.24
Jno. Lucas Capt. 4th. G.B.

A true Copy taken from the original in my possession.

S. Elbert.

The Board thereupon pursuing the directions of the Said Resolution,
and taking into consideration the Letter of Brigadier General Elbert,
and the Recommendation of the Officers do order and direct, that
an exact Return of all the Officers belonging to the Late Brigade
of this State specifying the Real and Relative Rank of each, be made
& Certifyed to the Governor & Executive Council for the time being
as soon as possible, and that a Copy of these proceedings be furnished
to Brigadier Genl. Elbert, and he be Requested to Compleat, and
make such Return during the Sitting of this Board if in his power.

RESOLVTED, That when such Return shall be made the Senior
Officers shall receive Brevets. RESOLVED, That his honor the Gov-
ernor be requested to write to the President of Congress, &
point out the great usefulness of such an Establishment, and urge
that it be Speedily Ratifyed and that the Delegates of this State be
ordered to press its adoption and the Means of carrying it into effect.

And whereas in our present dangerous situation it is essentially
necessary for the well being of the State, and for the common Safety,
that there should exist Mutual good will and Respect between the
freemen of this State and the Confederal Troops, And whereas it
appears to this Board unquestionably, that the People at Large in
this State have such a Repugnance to Brigadier General Mcintosh,
that in the event of any Offensive operations on the part of the Enemy
which should call for their Services in Aid of the Confederal Troops,
they would not turn out under his Command.

RESOLVED, therefore that it be earnestly Recommended to Con-
gress to direct General Washington to Employ Brigadier General
Mcintosh in some other Department, & that General Lincoln be in-
formed in the Mean time that it is the Opinion of this Board that it
will be for the Interest of this State that some other Officer should
have the immediate Command in it.

And whereas Brigadier Genl. Elbert of the Militia of this State,
and who is also an old Colonel in the Confederal Army, having ren-
dered much personal Service during the Course of the Warr and
being esteemed by the People at Large to be a Gallant and good
Soldier, and the board verily believing that his Liberation and pro-
motion will be of particular and general Utility, Do therefore advise
and request that Congress will offer Brigadier General Hamilton of

24. This name is Handley in the other copy cited above.

83

the Convention Troops in Exchange for him, and that thereafter
he may be promoted to the Rank of Brigadier General in the Con-
federal Army.

RESOLVED, That the Thanks of this Board be given to Colonel
Richd. Parker for his Respectful deportment towards the Civil Auth-
ority, the good order in which he has kept the Troops under his
Command and for his unremitted exertions in defence of the State.

Extract from the Minutes
Saml. Stirk S.E.C.
Whether,^* or how far General Elbert (who was the oldest Colonel,
and next in Rank to General Mcintosh in the Georgia Continental
Line) was concerned, or privy to the above Resolves is left to the
Judgement & Sagacity of the Reader but upon General Mcintosh's
giving them to him for his perusal in Philadelphia he declared before
Colonel Marbery, upon his Honor, that he knew nothing about the
Resolves for some time after they were sent to Congress, and delivered
the following Letter to Genl. Mcintosh two days afterwards.

Philadelphia i8th. January 1782.

Dear Sir, It gives me much concern to understand that you have
adopted the Idea, that I had taken a part in the late Representation
from the Governor & Council of Georgia to Congress, respecting you.
I wish you to know, that I have constantly Viewed you, in the
Light of a Zealous Patriot, and brave Soldier, and that it has ever
been with the greatest Chearfulness I have Served under you.

I Sincerely wish you a Speedy Release from your present Captivity
and am with Sentiments of Respect & Esteem, Dear Sir

Your very obedt. Servt.
S. Elbert
Hble. Br. Genl. Mcintosh
Philadelphia

^^Certificate intended to be given by the Milhia
Officers of Georgia 7775)."^^

Whereas we are informed that a certain set of men unconstitution-
ally assuming to themselves the Titles & powers of Government in this
State, did on the 6th. Ulto. among other things take upon them to
assert that the Militia at large of this State "have such a repugnance
to Bridgr. General Mcintosh that in the event of any offensive opera-

25. Remainder of this paper is a note by Mcintosh and a copy of a letter
from Samuel Elbert which are not in the previously published copy of these
resolutions. The symbol of pointing finger precedes this note.

26. In unknown hand.

84

tions on the part of the Enemy which Should call for their services
in aid of the Confederal Troops they would not turn out under his
Command" And whereas in consequence of the said assertion they
did resolve "that it be earnestly recommended to Congress to direct
Genl. Washington to employ Brigdr. Mcintosh in some other departt.
and that Genl. Lincoln be informed in the mean time that it is the
opinion of this Board (meaning their own self created Council) That
it will be of Interest of this State that some other Officer shoud
have the immediate Commd. in it." We Therefore the Subscribers,
Officers & free Men of the State think it a duty we owe to ourselves,
to our Country, & to the Cause of Honor, & Justice, to declare that
the above assertion is void of foundation & Truth, generated in &
propogated by a violent malicious Faction in order to facilitate the
base & distructive measures of a few ungenerous, ungratefull & de-
signing men, and that it is our earnest wish that Genl. Mcintosh
shoud be continued in the Command, as we are of opinion that from
his Interest in & attachment to the State, as well as from his experi-
ence in the field, he is the most proper person for that Command.

^'Resolve of the House of Assembly State of Georgia /y J any

^80 respectg. Genl. Howe iiith Memorandum from Major

Butler & Mr. Wereat.^^

State of Georgia In Assembly Jany. 17th. 17 80.^''

The Committe appointed to take into Consideration the Situation
of the State, Since the Twenty ninth of december, one Thousand
Seven hundred and Seventy Eight Report, That the capital and
Troops in this State were Sacraficed on the Said 29th of December,
which was the first Cause of the distresses & Consequences which
Ensued;

Your Committee are of the Oppinion that the delegates of this
State Sho'd be directed to promote a Trial of Major Genl. Howe
who Commanded on that day. They find that the good peoaple of the
State were still further discouraged by the Said Majr. Genl. Howes
Crossing Savannah River the next day with the Troops that Escaped
from Savannah, and Ordering those at Sunbury & Augusta to do the
Same; leaving this State at the Mercy of the Enemy, without any
Continental Troops; Instead of retreating to the Back Country and
Gathering the Inhabitants. The Country thus abandoned became an
Easy pray to the British Troops, They marching up and taking post
at Augusta and Sending Detachments to Every part of the State.

27. This copy, made in September 1781, is placed here for chronology.

85

Extract from the Minutes
Geo Seagar
C G A

Secrys. Office Septr. 1781

The foregoing is a True Coppy of the Original fil[e]d in this office.

Geo Bond Dy Secy, to Congress
(Coppy)

[The following notes are written by Mcintosh on the back of the
above paper, the first in Mcintosh's hand, the second in an unknown
hand.]

29th. Deer. 1 78 1. [1778] Savannah taken.

30th, Mr. Wereat went in the Rear of our retreating Army to
Treutlans where he Stayed 2. or three Nights & was one Night more
at the two Sisters higher up before he crossed the River Savannah &
Stayed one or two Nights more at Jno. Smiths black Swamp and one
Night at Parkers, near a Week at Dillons below Purysburg wth.
Mr. Clay Habersham &ca, &ca. then went to Charlesto. with his
Daughter where he Stayed abot. a Week & then went to Fort Moore
near Augusta where the British were then Stationed, & Stayed abot.
a fortnight at Sr. Patricks [Houstoun] House Richmond, and within
that time the Enemy retreated from Augusta to Bryar Creek.

Bartlemy at Beaufort bought some of the Negroes, the Captn.
Frisbee others of them and I imagine tho' I am not sure that Colo.
Ward of Beaufort bought some of them.^^

'^^Presentments of a Respectable Grand Jury of Georgia March ij8o.**

State of Georgia,
Richmond County,
March 1780.

At a General Court began, & held at Augusta, in the County of
Richmond, in the State of Georgia, before the Honourable William
Stephens Esquire Chief Justice, and his Associates Justices for said
County. We the Grand Jurors for said County on our Oaths present,
I St. We present as a grievance the too great Representation in the
House of Assembly in the present situation of the State, and the
pay allowed the Members, by which means a Seat in the Legislature
becomes a place of Profit, and a great burthen on the Publick so
great that the Money brought into the Treasury by the last Tax was
not Sufficient to pay the Members of the House.
2d. The great profusion in the expenditure of Publick Money. The

28. This second note refers to William Mcintosh's slaves taken off by
Capt. Frisby. See letter of Robert Baillie to Mcintosh, July 17, 1781, with
Mcintosh's notes, below.

86

large Salarys annexed to public Offices, at a time when the State is
not in a Situation to raise Money by Taxation either for its quota
of the Continental Expence, or the exigencies of its internal Gov-
ernment.

3d. We present as a grievance the Prevalence of Drunkeness, Gam-
ing and Profaneness, Vices that tend to the Degradation of Human
Nature, the Subversion of Law and good Government, and the de-
pravity of the Manners and Morals of the rising Generation.
4th. We present as a grievance the disrespectful & impolitic manner
in which some of our Citizens accustom themselves to Speak of the
Generous AUies of the United States, as we conceive it to be a
dishonourable & ungrateful return for the Blood & Treasure so pro-
fusely expended by them in a Late Noble and Spirited, tho unfor-
tunate attempt to restore the State to the inestimable blessings of
Peace & happiness, as well as the many important Services rendered
by them to the United States, and as we conceive that such conversa-
tion tends to the destruction of that Confidence and harmony that
ought to Subsist between Powers in Alliance, to the Seduction of
weak Minds from their Confederal Allegiance, & as we know it to
be one of the Nefarious Measures made use of by the emissarys of
our implacable & cruel Enemy the British King to destroy the free-
dom and Independency of these States.

5th. We present as a grievance the too frequent intercourse at
present subsisting between the interiour parts of this State and the
Town of Savannah by which Means that fatal & obnoxious disorder
the Small Pox may be introduced amongst a people generally Sub-
ject to its devastation. Unprepared for it's attack, and accustomed
to dread its very Name, and most earnestly recommend to the Magis-
tracy to use their utmost diligence & circumspection to prevent a
Calamity so Pregnant with Consequences of the most serious nature.

6. We present as a great & intollerable grievance the infamous and
execrable custom of Plundering pursued by Persons lost to all Sense
of Virtue & Shame, by which the property of the friendly and un-
friendly, the Widow & the Orphan is indiscriminately Subject to the
Lawless hands of Violence & rapine, and we recommend that the
most rigorous Measures be used towards the Suppression of this most
abominable & wicked Practice.

7. We present as a great grievance the scandalous, ungenerous and
iniquitous practice of suppressing and breaking open the Seals of
private Letters addressed to Citizens of this State, whose fidelity
and attachment to the United States was never with any Shadow
of Reason doubted, and this by Persons enjoying the highest and
most Honourable Offices in the State, as we conceive, if this prac-

87

tice is Continued, it will Strike at the very root of Society, destroy
the necessary & useful Mode of conveying Usefull inteligence, and
be productive of the greatest evils both to the State and individuals
On the information of R. Demere Esqr. & Capt, Geo. Handley.

8. We present as a grievance the impunity with which Murder has
been commited for some time past to the disgrace of the Community,
the encouragement of the Lawless & turbulent and injury of the
peaceable Citizen.

9. We present as a grievance the Neglect of public Duty in & about
the Town of Augusta and the too great Licence given to Slaves ram-
bling from place to place without written permits.

10. We present as a manifest breach of the Constitution a Meeting
composed of about the number of Twenty in the Month of Novem-
ber last, who called themselves the House of Assembly, & actually
assumed, and exercised the Legislative & Executive powers of Gov-
ernment, contrary to the express Letter & Spirit of the Constitution,
which we conceive to be a precedent dangerous to the Rights and
Libertys of the good people of this State, for if any Number of Men,
short of the Number prescribed in and by the Constitution can ex-
ercise the Legislative Authority, any given Number may. the Libertys
of the People may be invaded, and the worst of Tyranny set up
and established. 'Tis much to be apprehended; and is the fixed opin-
ion of many of the Citizens of this State, That this Mutilated As-
sembly at the Eve of a general Election, was rather contrived to
answer the private purposes of some Artful and designing individuals
than for the real Interest and benefit of the State.

1 1 . We present as a great Grievance the interf errance of the Execu-
tive with the Judiciary Department, which is an Express & flagrant
Violation of the first Clause of the Constitution of this State.

12. We present as a public grievance the badness of the Roads &
Bridges between this and Spirit Creek, they being at present impass-
able for the Inhabitants.

13. We present as a grievance the frequent practice of forcibly
taking private property for publick Uses against the Consent of the
Owners, and contrary to the Method prescribed by Law, when
impresses becomes absolutely Necessary.

14. We present the ruinous situation of the Parish Church in this
Town.

88

15- We present W. Farrol late of this County for wickedly and cniely
Murdering H. Morecock, on the information and evidence produced
by the Attorney General.

1 6. Lastly We Thank his Honor the Chief Justice for his Excellent
Charge delivered at the [opening] of this Session and request that it
together with these Presentments be published in the Carolina Gazette.

(Signed) John Wereat, Foreman Moody Burt

John Benefield Alexander Eraser

John Shackleford James Rae

S. John Cuthbert Thos. Pace

Chisley Bostick Nathl. Hicks

Wm. Bum And. McLean

Wm. Chandler Martin Weatherford

Thos. Morris Benj. Few

Danl. Walacon John Wilson
Peter Paris

[The following comment by Mcintosh is written on this paper:]
N.B. These Patriotick, Spirited & pointed Presentments were made
by the first Grand Inquest for the Body of the People in the State
of Georgia, and Court of Sessions held at Augusta, after the Usurpa-
tion of G. Walton, R. Howley & Geo. Wells, which took place the
latter end of November 1779, only a Week before the General An-
nual Election by the Constitution, upon the arrival of a Considerable
Sum of Money from Congress to support the Military Exertions of
the State, & the daily expectation of Sr. H. Clinton with a British
Army sufficient to overrun the two upper Countys of the State,
then alone remaining in our hands with about 500 Militia, and while
another respectable Government Existed in the State authorized by
nine tenths of the Inhabitants, which the Tenth Presentment is di-
rectly Levelled against. The encouragement given to indiscriminate
plundering; the Extravagant Promises of promotion, & Number of
Offices, with the Enormous Sallerys annexed to them, and the Con-
sequent Extravagance upon receiving so much Money, and the Coun-
tenance given, with the Example of this Triumvirate in all kinds of
Disipation in order to Corrupft], & gain the People to their designs,
was the Reason of the greater part of the other Presentments, and may
be partly Understood by the following Estimates made at that time.

89

The Governor's Salery Dols. 30,000

Governor's House, Furniture, Grogg & other Expences 100,000

Expresses, & other incidentalls 20,500

Indian Affairs 1 00,000

250. Men on Duty to be allowed 2. dollars per Day over &

above the Continental pay allowed them 182,500

Officers of these Men 38,000

Under the Governor's direction . Dos. 471,000

Dollars

Brought up Dols. 47 1,000

Chief Justice 1 5,000

Attorney General 1 0,000

Two Treasurers 2 0,000

Continental Delegates 7 5,000

Secretary 8,000

Auditor 15,000

Clerk of Assembly 8,000

Council 1 0,000

The Assembly & the Council 160,000

Surveyor General of Lands 5,000

Say, 3 Clerks of the Courts, 5 M. each 15,000

Arrears due by the State 269,000

Per Annm. dollars 1,08 1,000

The State, being only the two upper Countys of Wilkes & Rich-
mond at that time in our possession, contained about 500. Men,
Say, 500. Out of which, Take

1 Governor, & 12 Counselors 13

6 Delegates 6.

Chief Justice & Atty. Genl. 2.

2 Treasrs. & i Secretary 2. [3?]

Auditor, Clks of Ass. & Coun. 3

Surveyor Genl. of Lands i

3. Clerks of Courts 3

Members of Assembly 60.

the Civil Dept -. 90

Military, vizt.
I Major Genl. & i. Brigr. 2.

4, Colonels & 4. Lt. Cols. 8.

4. Majors & 36. Capts. 40.

90

72 Subalterns 72.

Staff at Least 43

260.

remains of men 240. to do the whole duty of

the State at 2. dollars each per day besides Continental pay. And to
Govern whom, this whole Apparatus of needless Office, and Ex-
horbitant Sallerys was Established, expecting, or rather perswading
the people, that Congress would pay the whole.

""Copy of a letter from Wm. Glascock Esqr. to the President of

Congressy

Augusta in the State of Goergia
1 2th. May 178029
Sir I am now to do myself the honor of addressing a few lines to
your Excellency, on a matter of considerable Importance to myself,
and to a Gentlemen whose character both as a citizen and as an
officer, I esteem and honor; and indeed to take up the affair on a
larger scale, I may say it is also of importance to this State, and to
the whole confederal alliance as it strikes at the very root of recipro-
cal confidence, and opens a road to misrepresentation, detraction and
malice, that cannot be guarded against but with the utmost circum-
spection, and which if not checked might be productive of the most
serious consequence to these States, either in a Military or Civil Sense.

Brigadier General Mcintosh informs me that he lately received a
letter from your Excellency inclosing the following extract of a
letter to Congress, from me as speaker of the Assembly of the State
of Georgia "It is to be wished that we could advise Congress that
the return of Brigadier General Macintosh gave satisfaction to either
the Militia or Confederates, but the common disatisfaction is such,
and that founded on weighty reasons, it is highly necessary that Con-
gress would whilst that Officer is in the service of the United States,
direct some distant field for the exercise of his abilities."

I am very sorry Sir, to be informed by this extract of Extreem
malice and rancour of General Macintosh's enemies, but at the same
time I enjoy a peculiar happiness in having it in my power to defeat
the nefarious machinations and intentions, for I do hereby most
solemnly declare to Congress that the above extract is a flagrant
forgery, of which I disclaim all knowledge whatever, either directly

29. This copy is in the hand of Peter Deveaux. There is another copy in
the Mcintosh papers in an unknown hand. The original is in "Papers of the
Continental Congress," No. 73, folios 266-68, in the National Archives.

91

or indirectly, neither did I ever subscribe in a Publick or Private
Capacity, any letter or paper that could convey to Congress such
an Idea of that Officers footing, with respect to his Country, which
he has in my opinion Served with reputation, and from which he
ought to receive the Grateful testimonials of Publick approbation,
instead of the malicious insinuations of Private Slander, in which class
I am under the necessity of ranking the forged Letter which is the
Subject of this.

And I am glad of the opportunity of informing Congress that so
far is that forgery from truth, that I believe there is not a reputable
Citizen or Officer of Georgia, but who would be happy in Serving
under General Macintosh, nor one in either class who would be
otherwise, except for a few who are governed by Design or Self-
interest.

I have the honor to be
i With the Greatest Respect

^ ' Your Excellency's

Most Obt. and Most humble Servt.
Wm. Glascock
Signed in the Presence of

Peter Deveaux
One of the Executive Council

"The Names of Fersons in the Georgia Disqualification Act passed

I St. July i-jSo & to continue for 5 years, & to the End of the

next Session of Assembly, & no longer^

From the Georgia Act of Disqualification passed ist. July 1780.'
Persons names mentioned therein.

1. John Houstoun, late of this P[rovince] Rebel Governor

2. John Adam Treutlen, late of the same Reb. Governor

3. Lachlan A4cIntosh, &c. Rebel General

4. George Walton, &c. Memb. of rebel Congress

5. Willm. Stephens &c. Rebel Att. General

6. John McClure &c. Rebel Major

7. Jos, Clay &c. Reb. Pay master General

8. N. Wimb. Jones &c. Speaker of the Reb. Assembly

9. Mord. Sheftal &c. Chairm. Reb. P. Comittee

10. Wm. O'Bryen &c. Rebel Treasurer

11. John Wereat &c. Rebel Counselor

30. This same list is in Candler, ed., The Revolutionary Records oj Geor-
gia, I, 348-56. and in George White, Historical Collections of Georgia (New
York, 1854), 102-05. White gives the date as July 6.

92

12. Edwd. Telfair &c. Mem. of Reb. Congress

13. Edwd. Davis &c. Memb. of Reb. Assembly

14. Saml. Elbert &c. a Rebel General

15. Seth John Cuthbert &c. Rebel Major

16. Wm. Holsendorf &c., Rebel Counsellor

17. Richd. Howley &c., Rebel Governor

18. George Galphin &c. Reb. Sup. I. Affairs

19. And. Williamson, Reb. General

20. John White, late of the P[rovince], Reb. Colonel

21. Nehm. Wade, late of the same Reb. Treasurer

22. John Twiggs &c., Reb. Colonel

23. Wm. Few, &c. Reb. Counsellor

24. Edwd. Langworthy &c. Reb. Delegate

25. Wm, Glascock, &c. Reb. Counsellor

26. Robt. Walton &c. Reb. Co. of F. Estates

27. Jos. Wood, Junr. &c. Clerk to the Reb. Assembly
28. Piggin, &c. Reb. Colonel

29. Wm. Hornby &c. Distiller

30. Pierce Butler &c. Reb. Officer

31. Jos. Wood, &c. Mem. of the Reb. Congress

32. Revd. Wm. Piercv &c. Clerk

33. Thom. Savage, &c., Planter

34. Thom. Stone &c., Reb. Counsellor

35. Ben. Andrew &c. Pr. of the Reb. Council

36. John Baker Senr. &c., Reb. Colonel

37. Wm. Baker, &c., Reb. Officer

38. Fr. Brown, &c.. Planter

39. Nathan Brunson, &c. Mem. Reb. Congress

40. John Hardy, &c. Cap. of a R. Galley

41. Tho. Morris &c. Reb. Officer

42. Sam. Miller &c. Reb. Assembly

43. Thos. Maxwell &c. planter

44. Jos. Woodruff &c. &c.

45. Jos. Ozwald &c. planter

46. Josiah Powell late of the Same, Planter

47. Sam. Saltus &c. a Committeman

48. John Sandiford &c. planter

49. Peter Taarling &c. Reb. Officer

50. Oliver Bowen &c. Reb. Commodore

51. Lvman Hall, &c. Mem. of the Reb. Congress

52. And. Moore &c.. Planter

53. Joshua Inman &c., Planter

54. John Dooley &c. Reb. Colonel

93

55- John Glen, &c., Reb. Ch. Justice

56. Richd. Wylly &c. Pr. of the Reb. CouncO

57. Ad. Fowler Brisbane &c. Reb. Counsellor

58. Shem. Butler &c. Reb. Assemblyman

59. Jos. Habersham &c. Reb. Colonel

60. John Stirk &c., Reb. Colonel

61. Raymd. Demere, &c. Reb. Clo. General

62. Charles Odingsell &c. Reb. Captain

63. Wm. Peacock, &c., Reb. Counsellor

64. John Braddock, &c. Capt. of a Reb. Galley
6$. Jos. Reynolds &c. Bricklayer

66. Rudolph Strohager, Butcher

67. Charles Cope, &c. Butcher

68. Lewis Cope, &c. Butcher

69. Hepworth Carter &c., Reb. Captain

70. Stephen Johnston &c. Butcher

71. John Mcintosh Junr. &c. Reb. Colonel

72. James Houstoun &c. Surgeon

73. James Habersham &c. Merchant

74. John Habersham &c. Rebel Major

75. John Milledge Junr. &c., Reb. Assembly Man

76. Levi Sheftall, &c., Butcher

77. Phil, Jacob Cohen &c. Shopkeeper

78. John Sutcliffe &c.. Shopkeeper

79. Jonathan Bryan &c. Reb. Counsellor

80. John Spencer &c. Reb. Officer

81. John Holmes &c.. Clerk

82. Wm. Gibbons, the elder &c. Reb. Counsellor

83. Sheftal Sheftal, &c. Reb. Officer

84. Philip Minis, &c.. Shopkeeper

85. Coshman Pollock &c. Shopkeeper

86. Robt. Hamilton &c. Att. at Law

87. Benja. Lloyd, &c. Reb. Officer

88. James Alexander &c. Reb. Officer

89. John Jenkins, &c. Reb. Assembly Man

90. Sam. Stirk, &c. Reb. Secretary

91. Philip Densler &c. Yeoman

92. Henry Cuyler &c., Reb. Officer

93. Jos. Gibbons &c. Reb. Assemblyman

94. Ebinezer Smith Piatt, &c. Shopkeeper

95. Mathew Griffin &c. planter

96. Peter Deveaux &c. Gentn.

97. Ben. Odingsell, &c. Reb. Officer

94

98. John Gibbons, &c. V. Master

99. John Smith &c. planter

[GO. Wm. LeConte &c. Reb. Counsellor

[oi. Charles Fr. Chevalier late of the Same Reb. Counr.

102. Peter Chambers, &c., Shopkeeper

[03. Thos. Washington, &c., Reb, Officer

[04. Elisha Maxwell &c. planter

[05. Thos. Maxwel Jun. &c. Reb. Major

[06. Wm. Gibbons the younger &c. planter

107. Wm. Davis. &c., Reb. Officer

[08. John Graves &c., Yeoman

:o9. Charles Kent, &c. Reb. Counsellor

10. John Bacon, &c.. Mariner

1 1 . Nathaniel Saxton &c. Tavern keepeer

12. Philip Lovv^e &c. Reb. Officer

13. Sam, Spencer &c. Mariner

14. John Winn Senr. &c. Planter

15. Devereaux Jarratt, &c. Reb. Assemblyman

16. Saml, West, &c.. Gentleman

17. Josiah Dupont, &c. Planter

18. James Pugh &c.. Planter

19. Fr. Pugh, &c. Planter

20. James Rae &c.. Planter
[21. James Martin &c.. Planter
[22. John Martin &c., Reb. Sheriff

23. Thomas Pace &c., Reb. Offiicer

24. Benjamin Few, &c. Reb, Officer

25. Dionysius Wright &c. Planter

26. Chesley Bostick &c. Shopkeeper

27. Littleberry Bostick &c. Planter

28. Leonard Marberry &c. Reb. Officer
[29. John Sharp, &c.. Planter

30. James Harris, &c. Planter

31. Henry Jones &c., Reb. Colonel

32. Hugh McGee &c., Reb. Captain
[33. John Wilson &c. Gentleman

34. George Wyche &c. Reb. Officer

35. Wm. Candler &c., Reb. Officer

36. Zachariah Fenn^^ &c. Planter

37. Wm, Mcintosh &c. Reb. Colonel

38. David Brydie &c. Surgeon

31. White, op. cit., gives this name ae Tenn.

95

139- And. McLean &c. Merchant

140. Sr. Pat. Houstoun &c. Baronet

141. Macaitan Campbell &c. Merchant

142. James Gordon, &c. Planter

143. John Kell, &c., Gentn.

144. John McLean, &c. planter

145. John Snider, &c. planter

146. John Elliott, &c. Reb. Officer

147. Thorn. Elliott, &c. Reb. Officer

148. Richd. Swiney &c. Yeoman

149. Hugh Middleton &c. Reb. Officer
150- Job Pray, &c. Mariner

151. Josiah McLean &c. Planter^^

^^Mr. Wereafs tivo Notes &c. from Charleston per Capt. Day^^

[77^0] 33

Mr. Glascock wrote to the President of Congress positively denying
his having wrote the Letter of which I have been furnished with
a paragraph, either in a public or private Capacity and asserted that
he had the highest opinion of Genl. M. both as a Soldier and a Citizen.
At the same time he wrote to the General detesting the ungenerous
and unjust attack that was made upon him and declared the Letter
in question to have been a forgery.

The Continental Officers and the Officers of the Militia declared
under their hands that the Letter before alluded to was false respect-
ing them and the latter set forth that they were perfectly satisfied
with the Generals conduct and had and wou'd serve under him with
chearfulness.

"Lfrt of the Georgia Cont[inenta]l Officers. i-jSo."

Colonel Saml. Elbert
Lt. Colo. John Mcintosh
Majors John Habersham 21st. March 1778
ist. Apr. 1778 Jo. Lane j app. since

25th. May Ft. Howe Philip Low ( Deer. '77

[Georgia Brigade]
Captain [s] Hicks - 2

Geo. Handley - i

Octob. '76 Lach. Mcintosh - i

Shad. Wright - i

32. This list Is written on what was apparently the covering envelope of
a letter addressed to General William Moultrie.

33. Notes in Wereat's hand.

96

I Mar. '77
ist. Mar. '77

Dead

Sept. '77
15 Capts.

loth. Apr. '77

22 July '77
26th. June '77
20th. Sept. '77

23 Lts.

Lucas

- 4

Melvin

- 4

Dan. Cuthbert

- I

Wood (resd.)

- 2.

Clem. Nash

- 3

John Milton

- I

John Bard

- 2

Brassard

- 4

Jo. Day

- 4

Wm. Mcintosh

- I

Wm. Scott

- 3

1 since Reso. of 31st Deer. 1777

Cunningham

- 3

L. Moseby

- 3-

-<

Booker

- 3

Cook

- 3

^ Cowan

- 4

L. Mcintosh

- I

T. Glascock

- I

Jesse Walton

- I

Rob. How

- 2

Lieutents. Allison

- 2

Tennill

- 2

Shick

- 2.

Morison

- 2

John Moseby

- 2.

Davenport

- 2

Waggonon

- 3

Meanly

- 3

DuCoin

- 4

Hilhary

- 4

Fitzpatrick

- 4-

Jordan

- 4-

Perry

- 3

Hays

- 4

MUler

- 2

Frazer

- 3

Collins

- 2

Thos. Payne

-

Resd.

97

They are not according to Rank

Patr. Walsh, Capt. Geor Dragoons
Laban Johnson, Lt. of Artillery
Wm. Mcdaniel, Lt. Geo. Dragoons
David Rees, D. Judge Advo.
Wm. Mathews, Muster Master
The Horse qd. [?]
Lt. Colo. Marbery qd.
Major De Keisar qd.
Capt. Cooper
" Welsh
" West
Lts.Mcdaniel
Frazer

^'Robt. Baillie ijth. July lySi ivth. Memo, of Negroes taken from

Wm. Mcintosh.''

St. Augustine 17th July 1781^*
Dear Sir I have been much disapointed in not hearing from you
haveing wrote you twice from Savannah and once since my Return
to this Place in which I acquainted you that I had applyed to Col
Clark for his Interest with Colo. Balfour to procure you the Liberty
of comeing to live with us till you should be exchanged, which he
readily promised and assured me he would write to him upon that
Subject but as I have since heard that you are already exchanged
and gone to Philadelphia of which I sincerely congratulate you at
the same time I must confess I should have been much better pleased
to have seen you here and entirely detach'd from the American In-
terests, however I know your Sentiments & will therefore say no
more upon that Subject. The Gentlemen who have been so long here
upon Parole & now exchanged are this day embarking in two flags
of Truce for Philadelphia and as I thought it a good opportunity
of writing you I would not miss it, and as Capt. Dames returns im-
mediatly I beg to hear from you & if you will give me any Directions
respecting your Georgia Affairs you may depend upon my doing
the best I can for your Interest. I suppose you sent Mr Wylly the
proper Letters of Atty for entering appearances for you upon the
difft. attachts. Your Negroes Shadwell & Dolly are still upon Black
Island and Im affraid will be attach'd & sold for a trifle as your
Brother Willm. had taken them I did not chuse to interfere with them
without your positive directions. Lucy and her Children I believe

34. In Baillie's hand.

98

were at Beaufort so that I could not get them, but if you think
proper to send me any directions about them I will endeavour to
secure them for you. I saw William & his family a few days ago they
live upon St. Joluis River near Mr Spaldings, he has always considered
himself as a Prisoner upon Parole but as a general Exchange has now
taken Place he must either remove or become a Subject, he seems
determined to prefer the former and I suppose must soon go to the
North'ard. Some of his Negroes were at little Satilla working with
Rayd Demere, about eight days ago an American Boat commanded
by one Frisby went there and carryed off eight of the best he had
remaining. I have given a List of them to Mr Savage to give you,
he begs you will do all you can to have them secured for him
should they be carryed in to any of the Ports to the North'ard; he
and his Family are realy much distress'd, they have now but a few
Negroes left to support them, & know not how long they may be
able to keep them as there are a great many Judgements against
them. My own Situation is indeed very little better for though I am
not yet sued, the debts I owe with Intt. accumulating for these five
years past, amounts to a Sum I shall never be able to pay and my
property is so greatly reduced that I can hardly support my Family
in any decent Manner, this cursed War has ruin'd us all, however I
still flatter myself it will soon be at an End, and that we shall again
be able to return to our Plantations & Live peaceably together which
I assure you I most sincerely wish for. Your Sister and the Children
are all well & Little John who is now with us & very hearty, he was
to have returned before this to Savh. but the Passage has been stoped
with American Boats. We are very anxious to hear where Mrs Mc-
intosh & the Children are I hope you will now be able to have them
with you, her present Situation in North Carolina must have been
very disagreeable as it has been the Seat of War. I have not heard
from Jamaica this great while, I expected to have seen your Son
here before this but have been disapointed I am convinced his presence
would have been of some Service in your Affairs.

I suppose my old Freind Mr Wereat has accompinyed you to
Philadelphia, if so I beg you will remember me in the kindest Manner
to him, and assure him that I shall ever retain a grateful sense of his
Freindship, if he can point out any Service I can render him in
Georgia he may depend upon my doing it with the greatest Pleasure.
I am sorrv^ it has not been in my power to show those Civilities to
my old acquaintances Mr Savage & Dr Jones that I could have wished
to have done. The Vessels are to drop down immediatly so that I
have no time to add any more but beg you will write by Capt Dames.
I have been very little at home since I went to Georgia being obliged

99

to attend the Assembly here which is still sitting. Poor Nancy has
been flatering herself with the hopes of seeing you but will now
be greatly disapointed. I beg you will remember me to all our old
Acquaintances particularly to your Family and believe me to be with
great Regard

Dear Sir

Yours most Afftly
R. Baillie

[The following note in Mcintosh's hand is on this letter: ]
Taken by one Frisby Commanding an American Privateer off Little
Settilla in Georgia, being the Property of Mrs. Jane Mcintosh, the
Wife of William Mcintosh, a Prisoner of Warr upon Parole. Eight
Negro Slaves, Vizt.

Dick Beck

Erchit Betty

Bigg Yarrow Cilia & Son.
Lingo

Memorandum delivered by Mr Tho. Savage i Aug. '8i.
Major Butler says these Slaves were carryed in & sold at Beauford
in No. Carolina to [blank] that Mr. Thomas Ogden Merchant in
Newburn can give further information of them.

John Brickell to Mcintosh.

Col. Habersham's lo miles above Amherst court
House. II Octr. 178 1.^**

Dear Sir I wrote to you a few days ago, when Col. Kershaw called
here, acquainting you that all your good family are in fine health,
and are about to remove up here to a plantation which Col. Haber-
sham has provided for them, as they are but badly situated at present
on land of a great villain Mat. Marable in the upper end of Mecklen-
burg county about 90 miles from here.

I mentioned that the principal wants of your little ones this winter
would be blankets and clothes.

On a supposition that the letter alluded to may reach Philadelphia]
I will not enumerate the [words torn off] Only in addition to the
news add that we have had civil government established in Georgia
for some time. Doctor Brunson [Brownson] is governor and the dele-
gates to serve in Congress are Mr. Telfair, Col. Few, Dr. Jones and
Mr. Saml. Stirk. All the Georgians are happy that Walton and How-

35. In Briekell's hand.

100

ley are turned out. My acquaintance with these men (viz W. and H.)
is very little, but the Georgians look upon both as very abandoned
characters.

The famous privateer Man Captain Ozburn has been killed in a
skirmish in Georgia. He was first wounded and taken and then had
his head Split open after Surrender. Col. Habersham and his brother
John who is exchanged with Mr. Holmes desire their kindest wishes
to you. I am dear Sir

Your much obliged and most obedient Humble Servant
John Brickell.

Col. Rose lieutenant of our county is particularly anxious to Serve
you, and will furnish your family [words torn off] with bacon, com,
wheat [words torn off] will not account with you for until you
are peacibly established in Georgia.

Grain is very cheap here. I bought oats lately for less than two
pence Sterling per bushel, corn is not quite three pence per bushel.

About Seventy acres of your plantation here is level as a table
and bears the finest com I have seen in Virginia.

J. B.
Amherst county, Virginia
[Endorsed:]

Honorable Brigadier General Mackintosh
At the Barracks
Philadelphia
atend. by Mr. Campbell

"Copy of Govt. Tonyn's [Letter] 28 Aug. 1^82 from [St. Augustine]
to Govt. Martin of Georgia.^^^^

Sir I have the honor of receiving your Letter, of the 15th instant,
by the flagg of truce the Hepsibeth, & papers relative thereto, in
which you name William Mcintosh, Samuel Stirk & John Wereat
E^qrs. Commissioners, to negotiate concerning the Mode of carrying
on the War in future, upon Liberal principles, so as to prevent plunder-
ing and marauding parties from disturbing the Settlements in Georgia,
and in this Province: that industrious Inhabitants of both Countries,
may unmolested pursue their occupations.

From the commencement of this Unatural, and pernicious war, the
temper of East Florida had ever discountenanced cruel predatory
incursions; as answering no good purpose for procuring the great
object of War, Peace and Accommodation: and untill impelled, from

36. The letter is in very bad condition and some parts are missing.

101

the Sufferings of the People by depredations and excesses; no hos-
tilities. Sir, on our parts had been made, which was then, necessary
in our defence.

Desirous of preserving the same moderation previous to the receipt
of your Letter, Strict orders were given, to the Military acting under
my Authority, not to pass the boundary of this Province; and by no
Means to be guilty of cruelty or plunder. And the Provincial Legis-
lature has framed no Laws, to Authorise such proceedings; The Of-
ficers of Law and Justice in this Province, have the Laws of Great
Britain alone to direct their decisions.

A distinguishing Mark of civilisation is to conduct war with hu-
manity, to avoid whatever is cruel, and does not answer good pur-
poses to the Community: provided therefore your People, commit no
depredations and hostilities, upon the plantations in this Province,
of which I shall be happy, to have assurances from you by letter,
I shall, and do engage, that the most positive and express orders shall
be given, that no plunder or depredations be committed by any
Marauding partys, acting under my Authority: and, if, contrary to
these orders and intentions, any irregularitys should be done, that
every Satisfaction in my power shall be made.

As I have, by virtue of my Royal Master, sufficient power to ef-
fectuate these purposes, it is not necessary on my part, to negotiate
with Commissioners; and I trust on yours, every effectual Step be
taken, to establish these Measures of equal force, weight, and [effi]cacy
in Georgia, as in East Florida.

When a prevailing Spirit of moderation, and a regard to property
of Individuals are manifest, I take the Liberty of [illegible] the cir-
cumstance of depriving persons of their Estates, who are [peace] able
Inhabitants of Georgia. If, a firm and Manly conduct [words missing]
the admiration of all Ages, and a fixed [words missing] Uniformly
avowed by Men deemed honourable [words missing] they are cer-
tainly highly culpable [words missing] however I am, that upon
cool, dispationate consideration, such conduct must command the
esteem and respect of all good Men.

Nothing can give me so great pleasure, as an accommodation, settled
and established between Great Britain, and America, conducive to
the Interests of both; that the United Nation may increase it's pristine
Lustre and Glory. I hope untill that happy period, we shall conduct
the contest with becoming A4oderation, and as little as possible to the
disadvantage of industrious peaceable Inhabitants of both Countries:
and I trust, Sir, that this Spirit in your Government will shew itself
by paving the way to such desirable end: and I shall take care that
no Provincial Laws be Sanctifyed here, to clogg such reconciliadon,

102

and, every countenance in my power consistent with my duty to the
best of Sovereigns, shall be given to proceedings founded upon humane
and beneficial principles.

I have therefore directed Mr. Forbes, to supply you with such
necessarys as are proper in our Situation; and shall in future study
to carry on an intercourse not inconsistent with my duty, and the
Law of Nations.

It was my particular care, that the Gentlemen sent in your flagg
were lodged in the most respectable Familys, and that proper at-
tention was shown them. I have the honour to be. Sir,

Your most obedient and most Humble Servant
Pat. Tonyn

St. Augustine 28th. August '82^^
His Excellency
John Martin Esqr.

And directed thus:
On his Majestys Service
To

His Excellency,
John Martin, Esqr.

Governor & Commander in Chief of the State of Georgia,
Savannah

"Copy of Letter to Genl. Green ^oth Octob. 1J82, per Dr. Houston^^^^

Dr. General, When I came down to Savannah I was happy to be
informed by Govr. Martin of our State, that he and Govr. Tonyn of
East Florida had agreed to discountenance and as far as in their power
to put a Stop to all plundering for the future beyond their respective
Limits, which has grown to such a Highth by a Lawless Savage &
unprincipled Banditti that no man is Safe one Night in his House
in any part of this State or even in the Town Savannah, or traveling
a Mile upon the Roads, & has been a great injury & disgrace to the
general Cause, & nearly depopulated & ruined this fine Country, but
I am apt to think an affair which happaned some days past and raised
a general Clamour & Resentment here, will break this agreement off
uriless some timely remedy is applyed, one Andrew Deveaux Late of
So. Carolina it is said has fitted out some Armed Boats in Charlestown,

37. A copy of Governor Martin's letter to Mcintosh, dated Savannah,
August 21, 1782, telling of this mission, is in the Force Georgia Transcripts,
Library of Congress.

38. This is a rough draft which Mcintosh retained. The original letter
is in the Revolutionary Collection at Duke University. It has a footnote in-
troducing Dr. Houstoun.

103

came inland from East Florida, plundering plantations in his way
along & among others took a Boat Seven Negroes & some Houshold
Furniture belonging to my Brother Colo. William Mcintosh and
afterwards Landed at Bewley twelve miles from Savannah & plundered
Mrs. Morel of thirty Negroes & other Effects with which he went
off. our Govr. has wrote to Tonyn by a flagg upon the Occasion
to have them restored in Case they are gone to Augustine, but it is
thought as this Deveaux is Commissioned from Charlestown, that
he will pay no regard to the Authority of Govr. Tonyn, and in that
Case that an application from you upon the Subject to Genl. Leslie
will be necessary, which if you think there is no impropriety in doing,
I am desired to request that you will. I have the Honor &ca.

30th. Octob. 1782

"Copys of Letter from Colo. Jackson to Mr. Wereat ninth Ansiver?^^^

Savannah Novr. 31st. 1782
My Dear Sir, The very good opinion you have been pleased to form
of my Candor shall not be trifled with. I have ever respected you as
a parent and the idea will ever lodge in my bosom. You will not
then accuse me of hypocrisy if on mature deliberation I cannot act
for General Mcintosh against any person whatever in a criminal
light at least you will hear my reasons previous to your condemning
me.

With as great a regard for General Mcintosh as any individual
of his friends 1 assure you I possess as great an abhorrence of the
conduct of those who attempted to injure him; my sentiments are
not used to waver.

1 am Mr. Wereat a young Man hardly entered into life; my duty
to my self requires I should gain as many friends and as few enemies
as the interest of my Country will permit me. I am to your knowledge
Sir under the unfortunate obUgation of appearing before a Tribunal
to answer the life of a Man who I may with confidence say fell
by my innocent hands how then my dear Sir 'till I am acquitted
can I rise at the Bar to accuse another where his life may be at
Stake. Mr. Houstoun a much older Lawyer has declined, will it not
appear assuming in me to the World.

I know Mr. Wereat's regard too high for me even to wish under
my circumstances I should consider myself in the present matter the
Lawyer of his greatest friend. I shall ever esteem it an honor to be
ranked his acquaintance & in any other affair his Attorney. I have
thought this the most eligible mode to declare my sentiments & rather

39. Both letters are in Wereat's hand.

104

through you to the General. I have wrote without reserve & agree-
able to that character I shall study to preserve.
I am Sir believe me

with the most sincere regard
your very hunrJe. Servant
Jas. Jackson
Honble John Wereat esquire.
(Copy)

Wereat to Jackson

Savannah 2nd. December 1782
My Dear Sir, Your Letter of the 31st. Ult. was handed me last night
after I returned from Bewlie, where I went to get information about
some property belonging to a friend who at this time is out of the
State.

My friend I do not pretend to dictate to you in any matter, more
especially in what immediately concerns your business or profession;
but as you have addressed a Letter to me on a subject of this nature,
where a most worthy Character and a Citizen of this State has been
villainously attacked, give me leave to ask you a few questions.

Is the Crime (by your own acknowledgement) a most infamous
and diabolical one, and one of the few that by the Laws of England
is never forgiven? How is the injured person to obtain redress but
in a Court of Justice? If the Ministers of the Court of Justice refuse
to take the cause of the injured in hand, has he not a right, and will
he not naturally complain of them to the Bench, and if so, is it not
the duty of the Bench to reprehend them severely for their conduct
&c? In the present instance is not the State as well as the individual
injured, and should it not be considered as a part of the duty a Man
owes to his Country to detect and punish the authors of so black
a villainy? When the injured person knows (and know he must some
time or other) that the Ministers belonging to the Court refuse to do
him justice, will he not procure a Gentleman of the profession from
the neighboring State for the express purpose, who, altho' the Crimi-
nals are Men who have dishonored his own profession, will not
fear to expose them to public shame and infamy and thunder forth
the punishment that the Law inflicts upon the Crime?

Will it not reflect dishonor upon the Gentlemen of your profes-
sion, when the Historie shall relate, that none of them dared to
punish the wickedness committed in their own State, and that it was
found necessary to have recourse to another State for a Minister of
Justice?

105

More Questions might be asked, but let these suffice. You will
however greatly oblige me by excusing me from mentioning this
matter to the General, and Command me on any other occasion;
With every good wish I am

Dr. Sir,

Your most sincere friend
John Wereat
Colonel James Jackson
in Savannah.

Copy

Mcintosh to John Martin.^^

Savannah loth. December 1782
Dear Sir, As you have not the Journals of the Assembly and Minutes
of Council for the latter end of the Year 1779, and the beginning
of 1780. I take the Liberty of mentioning, that I am well informed
Mr. Howley had them in Philadelphia to Answer certain purposes,
and as he ought to have taken care of them and deliver them un-
impaired to his Successor for the use of the State, and that I con-
ceive myself particularly Interested in the Transactions of those
Times, I expect to have the perusal of them.
I am respectfully.

Your Honor's most obt. Hble Servt.
Lachn. Mcintosh
His Honor The Governor

^'Letter to Congress on the promotion of General Knox. 77^2."*^

Sir It is with pain and regret that I find my self under the disagree-
able necessity of addressing Congress on a subject so immediately
interesting to me.

A period not far distant may be drawn to remembrance in which
I have by that Honorable Body (whom I serve) been precluded, the
right of trial by a Court Martial, and suspended their Service upon
ex parta evidence, a principle in my idea incompatible with the rights
of your Army and a total subvertion of that institution formed
for their Government which will appear by a reference to your

40. This letter is a recent acquisition and was not one of the original col-
lection of Mcintosh papers in this library.

41. The letter is in the hand of Edward Telfair with corrections in the
hand of Mcintosh. A previous letter on this subject entitled, "Copy of Letter
Intended for Congress from Genls. Moultrie & Mcintosh on the promotion
of Knox & Duportail, 1779," is in the Force Georgia Transcripts, Library of
Congress.

106

Records, it is true the sentance upon my application for a hearing
has been reversed, and I have been restored to my rank.

The respect and veneration I hold for Congress, my masters, in-
duced me to wave the injury and to appeal to their rectitude in future
to do me justice.

I am at loss to find what I could do since to deserve their Censure
& am sorry to understand that in spite of all my efforts and Labour,
in their Service, that I find myself once more compelled to call
upon them for justice, having been deprived of my right in the line
of promotion, and must now sit down with additional attacks on my
feelings, and what I may add an indirect stab on my reputation.

To enumerate my exertions to the South to the North, or to the
West, or to pass any incomiums on my own conduct would be pre-
sumption. I shall leave this to the officers who commanded me, and
whom I commanded, it is needless to add to this sad cattaloge, my
family being drove from place to place before the enemy many
hundred miles, without any means to convey them, and have been
obliged to submit to the bounty of such as might wish to assist,
and are now in the State of Virginia, in a Situation that may be
pretty easily figured from the above detail - long Six Years have I
been in your service, and during that time only a few weeks in the
whole period without being in Actual duty, and since my arrival
in this City I have lived in Barricks (and not withstanding the advice
of my Friends) could not submit to trouble your Excellency, on
the subject of relief, not wishing to ask any partial advance out of
the common channel of supplies.

My fortune once independant, is now become of no value to me,
my personal property owing to the ravage of the enemy in the State
of Georgia, lost and destroyed, and from it I can hope for no relief
until the enemy shall evacuate that State.

After giving your a State of my case I shall submit to Congress
the legality of my Claim, and make no doubt but that I shall have
justice done me, and that my promotion and rank will be restored,
in such a way as Congress may in their Wisdom see fit,

I have the honor to be
Sir your mo obt. & very hble. St.

[The following note in Mcintosh's hand is on back of this letter:]

We find.

That Congress careful of doing equal Justice in the Rank of the
Officers of their Army have passed the following Resolves 2 2d. Feby.
1777. That such Officers (Brigadiers) as are in the Continental Service
take Rank according to the date of their Commissions & the Rank
they held in the Army at the time of their Promotion, & that such

107

as do not hold Continl. Commissions stand after them in the order
in which they are Elected.

That this Resolve became the fixed Rule & principle upon which
the Rank of all the Officers in the Army have been Settled Since.

That upon this Principle a Board of all the General Officers in
the Main Army held by order of His Excelly. the Commander in
Chief at the Valley For^e in March 1778, settled (among many other of-
ficers) the Ranks of Brigadiers Woodford Muhlenburg Scot & Weedon
of the Virginia Line. And That Congress by their Resolve of the
19th. Day of the Same Month approved of the Report of the General
Officers altho it Reversed the orders of the Promotion of these
Brigadiers made by Congress themselves & their former Commissions
were Cancelled. By which it was Confirmed thereafter as the Estab-
lished Rule of Promotion in the Army; nor would Congress alter
this Act of Justice afterwards upon the Application of Genl. Weedon
on the 1 8th, Aug. 1778.

That by Resolve of 24th. Novr. 1778 this mode was further con-
firmed and Adopted by Congress as a General rule of promotion &
Settling Rank in the whole army which had been attended with
so much Dificulty, & to be uniformly pursued thereafter, except in
Cases of extraordinary & distinguished Merit. Prisoners of War by
this Act are not to loose their right of Promotion.

"Copy of the Examination before the Committee of Assembly respect-
ing G. Walton & R. Hoivley Certified. ijS^. Respecting Hoidy
& WaltorCs infamous Conduct &c."

Savannah i8th. January 1783.*^
Sir, The enclosed proceedings of certain Persons who assumed and
exercised the Executive powers of Government in this State, for the
last four or five weeks of the Year 1779 is humbly submitted to the
consideration of the House, as those concerned are chiefly now here.
I am possessed of Proofs, and ready to produce them, to shew the
whole assertions were false, with respect to myself, and that their
dependance chiefly lay in reviving old Animositys and partys which
had happily long Subsided. That the Executive who acted during
my Stay in the State, the Speaker, the House of Assembly, the Citizens
at large, and the whole of the Army, which was my particular De-
partment, as well Militia as Regulars, deny any knowledge, or con-
cern in the Transaction, but on the Contrary, most of them have
Voluntarily declared, while I was a Prisoner, and absent, their abhor-

42. Entire copy, except the signatures of John Wilkinson, is in Mcintosh's
hand. A copy is in the Force Greorgia Transcripts, Library of Congress.

108

rence of the attempt when it first Transpired, and the Speaker asserts
the Letter ascribed to him to be a flagrant Forgery.

How far the Dignity of the State they Represented, the High
Trust and Confidence placed in them, their Oaths of Office, the
strongest tye to secure their integrity, and the Liberty and Security
of the Citizen, the sole end of Govemmt. which we struggled so long
and hard for, have been betrayed, and exposed by these persons, and
what reparation is due to the Individual who has been injured un-
justly in the Name of the State, which he was Serving with all his
Might at the time, is submitted to the Wisdom and Consideration
of the House, and whether, it is practicable to bring our Rulers to
Account, if they should be Combined in the most iniquitous conduct.

I have endeavoured in Vain to procure for the use of the House,
the rest of the Proceedings of that short and Turbulent period, which
I was informed were chiefly Transacted in a Small private Clubb of
Select Members, and kept secrete also, and that they were afterwards
carryed to Philadelphia for certain purposes. I am certain they were
possessed of Money enough at the time to have Secured them.

I have the Honor to be with the greatest respect Sir,

Yr. most obt. Humble Servt.
Lachn. Mcintosh.

The Honle. N. W. Jones

Speaker of the Honle. House of Assembly.

The following is the Examination and enquiry made by Wm. Gib-
bons Senr., Wm. Few, and James Jackson, the Committee chosen by
the House of Assembly to whom was referred the above Letter of the
1 8th. Jany. from General Mcintosh with its Inclosure. Viz.

General Twiggs says. He served under the Command of General
Mcintosh before, and at the Siege of Savannah in the Year 1779, and
that he heard of no complaint at that time against General Mcintosh
by either the Militia or Continentals, on the Contrary, General Sat-
isfaction was given by said General Mcintosh as far as he knows,
and that he was a Member of the Assembly that Sat at Augusta in
November following, and while he attended he remembers of no
Act, or Resolve passed to the prejudice of Genl. Mcintosh, that
during that Session he was appointed one of the Council, but to the
best of his knowledge attended only once, and at that time heard
nothing respecting Genl. Mcintosh's Conduct, this he Says, he is
ready to testify on Oath if required. General Twiggs and Colo. Mid-
dleton both say they know nothing of a Committee of the Assembly
being appointed to write Congress.

109

Colo. R. Aliddleton farther Says, and declares upon honor and
if necessary will on Oath, that while he was a Member of the Execu-
tive Council at Augusta the latter part of the Year 1779, which was
during the whole of George Walton's Administration, they had
no interuptions in their Councils from the Enemy, & were free from
any Alarms by their partys, who were kept at a distance from Au-
gusta by Bland's and Parker's Regiments and Detachments of Militia
of this State, that he generally attended the Council and Assembly
when they Sat, and that while he was Present, no Act, or Resolution
had passed in either, that tended, or could any way be Construed
to the prejudice of General Mcintosh, nor any Representation made,
or directed to be made to Congress Respecting the General by the
Legislature or Executive, nor any Complaints made to either, by the
Citizens, or the Aiilitary during his Stay in the State, but on the
contrary to his own knowledge was universally esteemed and Re-
spected, except by George Walton, whom he Says, he often heard
declare, that he would have the General removed, and General Elbert
promoted in his room, but for what reason, or the difference between
them, he could not be informed, and frequent attempts were made
in Council when he (Middleton) was present, and Mr. Walton and
Mr. Howley present in it, to have the General Represented as Ob-
noxious, but could never be carried in Council against Genl. Mcintosh,
and that he could not in Justice and by his Oath of Office help declar-
ing, that as he (Middleton) was Colonel of one of the three Militia
Regiments remaining then in the State, was with the General at the
Siege of Savannah in September & October where he observed his
particular attention to his Countrymen the Georgians, and that he
was under his Command from the time he came from the Main Army
at the Northward untill he left the State with his Family after the
Siege, and never knew an Officer to give more general Satisfaction to
the Militia and Continentals in all that time.

Colonel (Elijah) Clark (who commands all the Militia of Wilks
County) Says, that he never was immediately under the Command
of General Mcintosh, but he has often heard the Officers and Men
of his Regiment who were under his (the General's) Command at
the Siege of Savannah frequently applaud the Conduct of Genl. Mc-
intosh.

Colonel (Stephen) Herd Says, he knows nothing of the Letter
said to be wrote by William Glascock (as Speaker) 30th. November
1779; he was a Member of the Assembly in November 1779, but does
not recollect how long he Continued in the Assembly, and during
his continuance in the Assembly he does not recollect any matter
being aggitated respecting General Mcintosh, that while a Councelor

110

he heard of no Accusation in Council respecting Gen, Mcintosh, but
in a Conversation with General (then Colonel) Twiggs, he said the
People were disatisfyed that Genl. Mcintosh should Command them
as Commanding Officer, and the only reason given, was, he lodged
at the House of Mr. McLean, and kept his Company and at that time
there was no Act of this State against Mr. McLean; he knows of no
Committee of the Assembly in November 1779. he knows of no Com-
mittee of the Assembly in November 1779. being appointed to write
to Congress, or of any Letter being Sent from that Assembly to Con-
gress; that there was a Letter wrote by Mr. Walton to Congress, ap-
proved by such Members of Council as were then present, but who
they were, or how many he does not recollect.

True Extract

John Wilkinson C.G.A.

Captain Lucas (of the Georgia Line of the Army) Says, he was
at Philadelphia at the time the arrangement is dated, and his Name
Subscribed without his knowledge, or consent, he Acted as Aid to
General Mcintosh at the Siege of Savannah; he heard of no disatis-
faction of any of the Troops under his Command, but the greatest
harmony both of Officers and Privates while under his Command,
that Genl. Mcintosh left Georgia by order of Genl, Lincoln about
the 15th. October 1779, & to the best of his knowledge never had
any Command in Georgia Since; he (farther) Says, at the Siege, on
the application of Genl. Mcintosh to the Militia for Horses for the
Use of the French Army, they most Chearfully gave up their Horses,
although application had been made before, and was not granted; that
the Militia turned out Chearfully on every Occation, particularly
to work in the Trenches,

See Captain Lucas's Declaration.

Capt. Lucas and Capt. Jo Day as a Committee from the Continl.
Officers of the Georgia Line, delivered the following declaration
to the Chairman: vizt.

The Officers of the Georgia Continental Line, Imp'itient on hear-
ing the Malitious and Scandalous Attacts on the Character of the
Honle. Brigr. Genl. Mcintosh, begg Leave to declare to this Com-
mittee, that they ever have had, and do Still retain the highest respect
for the General as a Gentleman, and approbation of his Conduct as
an Officer, and that there is not an Officer on the Continent that
thev would prefer to the General to Command them; that they
had Served under him at different times, and on Various Occasions,
before the General went to Join the Northern Army, others of us
after his return from thence to this State, and at the Siege of Savan-

111

nah, and Charlestown, that he Commanded the Right Wing of the
American Army (which included all the Militia then in this State)
at the first, and the North and South Carolina Militia at the last,
and that they neither did themselves, nor heard any other part of
the Army, either Regulars or Militia, who Served under the General
manifest in any Shape, or express the most distant dislike to him
as a Gentleman, or an Officer; and they solemnly declare for them-
selves, and all those who were under their immediate Command,
that they had ever^' reason to be Satisfied with him in both these
Characters.

Savannah the 20th. January 1783.

John Habersham Majr. C. Collins Lt.

S. Elbert, Colo. Arthur Hays Lt.

John Lucas Capt. & A D C to J. P. Waggnon Lt.
Gl. Mcintosh Jos. Pannill Lt. Colo.

John Milton Capt. Geo. Handley Capt.

Edw. Cowan Lt. Jo. Day Capt. & A D C.

Christo. Hillary Lt. to do.

Fr. Tennill Lt. J. DuCoine Lt.

Jno. Mcintosh Lt. Colo. F. Shick Lieut.

P. Low, Major Nat. Pearre Lt.

Wm. Aiclntosh Capt. (19 in all)

(the Committee are farther refered to the declaration of the Georgia
Officers dated at Augusta 17th. May 1780, General Lincoln's Letter
dated Charlesto. 2 2d. May 1780, & the declaration of Colo. Parker's
and Colo. Bland's Officers, & others of the Virga. Line).

Major Deveaux Says, he was Present and saw Wm. Glascock Esqr.
sign the Letter dated 12th. May 1780, to the President of Congress
(see Letter) and at the same time (he Glascock) declared he never
knew the Letter of the 30 November 1779 being wrote, nor gave
any person Authority to Sign the same; Mr. Deveaux further Says,
that he was a Member of the Assembly in January 1780, attended
constantly, and never Saw the Minutes of the November proceed-
ings, nor a Copy of any such Letter as was said to be sent by Wm.
Glascock to Congress.

Mr. Weriat refers the Committee to his declaration at Augusta
I St. June 1780, (which see)

Saml. Stirk, (Secretary of Walton's Council) Says, he remembers
the Arangement of the Georgia Regiment, and the Letter from Gen-
eral Elbert to Mr. Walton (Governor) but knows nothing of the
Letter from George Walton to Congress, nor the Letter of the 30th.
November 1779 Signed Wm. Glascock, untill the Summer following,
he saw a Copy Mr. Glascock had, when he also Saw the Letter

112

dated 12th. May 1780. That the day General Elberts Letter (to the
Governor) was read (in Council) Mr. Walton on looking at the
directions said, he General Elbert had acknowledged the Executive
Authority of the State, and that he Mr. Walton said he had made
General Mcintosh, and he would be Damned if he would not break
him; Mr. Stirk (farther) Says, General Mcintosh was not in this
State at that time, nor had any Command in Georgia after the Siege
of Savannah; he does not recollect whether all the Persons named were
Present in Council on the 12th. December 1779. The Resolves of
Assembly respecting the Arrangement, General Elbert's Letter, with
the Arrangement signed by the Officers, and the Resolves (of Coun-
cil) respecting the same, were brought in by Mr. Walton; the last
three Resolves of 12th. Deer. 1779 were brought into Council
Seperately, by, and in the hand writing of Mr. G. Walton; he (fur-
ther) says, (that) he acted as Secretary to Mr. John Houstoun when
Governor, and that all Letters of a Public Nature were brought into
Council by him, but that neither the Letter said to be from Wm.
Glascock, nor Mr. Walton's, to the best of his knowledge were
brought into Council, that General Elbert was the oldest Officer of
the Georgia Line at that time in the State (General Mcintosh being
in So. Carolina) and was at Augusta during the sitting of the Assembly
in November 1779, and the remainder of that Year, and that they
had no Alarms there during all that time.

John Hardy, was summon' d, but did not appear.

John Bilbas, was dead.

George Walton, did not appear before the Committee upon being
Summoned, but sent the following Letter, vizt.

Savannah 21st. January 1783.
Sir, I had the Honor to receive the Note which the Committee did
me the favor to write on Yesterday, announcing their Session at Mr.
Peak's at 5' o'clock. Having not seen General Mcintosh's Letter to
the Speaker, or informed as to the object of the references, I feel
myself at a Loss what kind of information is wanting. If the question
concerns only the Letter transmitted by me to Congress in 1779;
the Memorial which I laid before that body, in the Year following
contains all I have to Say upon that Subject.

But, if it is meant to enquire, whether there existed, at the time
of Sending that Letter, the Aversion to Genl. Mcintosh's Command,
as mentioned; I say, that it can be better Ascertained, by examining
the Officers of the Militia then commanding. With respect to the
foederal Officers, it was well known that the Commanding one.
Colonel Richd. Parker, openly Avowed an Aversion to the General's
taking Command; indeed, he waited upon, and Officially informed me,

113

that he should not Submit to it; and added, that he had written to
the General to that purpose, while at the House of Mr. McLean,
and gave a reason for not waiting upon him there; the General is
probably, Yet in possession of that Letter.

The State of facts alluded to in the Memorial I have Mentioned,
was to have been founded upon what I have now said; this Com-
munication, therefore, may be considered as completing the infor-
mation necessary on my part.

I will take this Occasion to explain a Mistake. It has been said, that
the Transactions of 1779, were kept a Secret; on the contrary they
were enclosed to Gen. Lincoln Commanding Officer of the Depart-
ment.

I have the Honor to be Sir, the Committees
most obt. Servant,

Geo. Walton
Directed thus.

Public Service
To

William Gibbons, Senr. Esqr.
Chairman of the Committee, &ca.

Richard Howley, appeared before the Committee, but evaded
]giving any Evidence.

True Extract

John Wilkinson C.G.A.
Philadelphia October i8th. 1780.
Sir, By the Act of Congress of the 25th. of September on the Report
of a Committee on Mr. Glascock's Letter & the Memorial of Mr.
Walton, I am directed to transmit you Copys of the said Act and
Report with the papers therein refered to, which are inclosed.
I have the Honor to be, with great Respect, Sir,

Your most obedient Servant
Sam. Huntington, president.
The Honorable Richard Howley Esqr
The following papers were inclosed. Vizt.

In Congress September 25th. 1780.
The Committee to whom were refered the Letter of 12th. May
1780 from Mr. W. Glaccock, and the Memorial of Mr. Walton Re-
port.

"That in the Course of their enquiry respecting the business com-
mitted to them, they have confered with his Excellency Richd. Howley
the present Governor of Georgia, and been attended by Mr. George
Seegar clerk of the General Assembly of the said State, and have

114

obtained from each of them a State of facts, to which they begg
Leave to refer: That it appears that the paper containing the Para-
graph respecting brigadier General Mcintosh, and dated at Augusta
in the State of Georgia the 30th. day of November 1779, and purport-
ing in general to be a Letter or address from the Assembly of that
State to Congress, did originate in, and ought to be Considered as
an Act declarative of the Sense of the said Assembly, and that the
Same was Officially transmitted with other public papers by Col.
Walton then Governor of that State to the President of Congress
and together with the proceedings of the said Governor & Council
contained a Sufficient ground for the Act of Congress of the 15th.
day of February last for dispensing with the Services of the said
Brigadier General Mcintosh untill the further order of Congress."

Resolved, That Congress agree to the said Report.

Ordered, That a copy of the above report and of the papers refercd
to, be transmitted to the Governor of Georgia.
Extract from the Minutes.
Chas. Thomson Secy.

Letter from Geo Walton Gov. of Georgia to the President
of Congress dated Augusta ijth. Deer. ijj^. (Copy)

Sir, I do myself the Honor to enclose to Congress several resolves
and proceedings of the Assembly & Executive Council of this State,
some of which demand their immediate attention. Those which respect
the reduction of the Brigade & the new Establishment, cannot be de-
layed without injury to the United States.

You will perceive that I am ordered to point out to Congress the
Necessity of their adopting the plan proposed by this State. It is
needless to run thro' a course of reasoning upon this Subject, when
our Situation so evidently displays that Necessity. It should at no
time be forgot, that our State is the Southern frontier, thinly In-
habited, most extensive in its Limits, and therefore Assailable almost
on every Side. A Country thus Situated can be defended only by
Horse. We have no other way of getting them, but by Means of
Congress; and they are best Judges how they are to be Supplyed.
In deciding upon this business it should also be remembered, what
exertions and sacrifices we have made to keep the Country, that
it ought to be believed we are determined to persevere, and there-
fore are entitled to every possible Assistance, Independent of those
great reasons which make it necessary for the general good. So soon
as Congress shall determine upon the matter it is hoped they will
immediately advise the State of their proceeding.

115

I^^ am also ordered to appologise to Congress for the trouble given
them respecting Brigadier Genl. Mcintosh, and to assure them that
a general and settled Aversion has and does prevail. I do not Mean
to Suspect the integrity of this Officer (for personally I am very
much his friend) when I say that it is the Practice of Nations not
to continue any Officer in Command longer than he preserves the
confidence of the People.

I am further directed to urge to Congress the expediency of the
Measures proposed respecting Brigadier General Elbert. I shall only
say, it will render us great Service.

The Resolve of thanks to Colonel Parker is a Just tribute to his
Services, and therefore ought to be known.

I begg Leave to inform Congress, that Major General Lincoln
posessses the full confidence of the Government and people of this
State; and that we believe that no effort within his power has been
unessayed to Serve and redeem us.

We have not received the Money in the hands of Mr. Clay & the
general but expect shortly to do it, but which when received, will
be by no means equal to the exigencies of our Affairs, and we must
therefore rely upon other and larger Supplys.

Delegates will attend Congress as soon as the Season will permit.

I have the Honor to be Sir

Yr. most obedient Servant
Geo Walton

[To]

President of Congress.

I have sent Captain Nash express with these papers, who will wait
the determination of Congress and hope he will be dispatched so as
(to) return during the Sitting of the Assembly the beginning of the
ensuing Year. Sufficient money to defray his Expences I request may
be advanced to him. G. W.

Memorial of Geo Walton, done at Philadelphia the 7th. day of
September 1780. & directed to His Excellency the President of Con-
gress, was read in Congress Sept. 8th. 1780. See Copy taken by Mr.
Few.

Memorial of Richd. Howly, was Stolen, see Copy by Mr. Few.**

43. Mcintosh has marked this paragraph with the symbol of a pointing
finger.

44. Memorials of Walton and Howley are in "Papers of the Continental
Congress," No. 73, folios 270^72, 279-80 in the National Archives.

116

Letter from Wm. Glascock Speaker of the Assembly of Georgia
dated Augusta 30th. November 1779. See Certifyed Copy.

Letter from Wm. Glascock, Augusta May 12th. 1780. Read Septr.
6th. 1780. contained in a cover Superscribed His Excellency, Saml.
Huntington Esquire president of the Continental Congress, Phila-
delphia.

Letter from Geo. Seegar, to the Committee of Congress to whom
was refered the Letter of Wm. Glascock, dated Phila. 9th. Septr.
1780.

And the Proceedings of the Council of Georgia, Augusta December
1 2th. 1779.

were all the papers delivered by Mr. Howly to the Committee of
the Assembly.

True Extract from the Original Papers laid before the Committee.

John Wilkinson C. G. A.

"Report of the Conmtittee on Gen. McIntosJfs Letter & inclosure,

I St. Feby '^5."

House of Assembly February ist. 1783.^^

The Order of the day being Call'd for. when the House taking
the Report of the Committee to whom was refered a letter from
Brigadier Genl. Mcintosh, with its Inclosures, and after some Amend-
ments agreed to the following. Viz. That they have examined Such
Papers and Persons as have been offered by different Parties from
which it appears that the Resolves of Council dated Augusta twelfth
of December One thousand Seven hundred & Seventy nine and the
letter from the Governor to the President of Congress dated fifteenth
December One thousand Seven hundred & Seventy nine, respecting
the General were unjust, lUiberal, and a misrepresentation of facts,
That the Letter said to be from William Glascock Speaker of the
Assembly, dated thirtieth November One thousand Seven hundred
Seventy nine. Addressed to the President of Congress, appears to your
Committee to be a forgery in Violation of Law and truth, and
highly injurious to the interest of the State, and dangerous to the
rights of its Citizens, and that the Attorney General be ordered to
make the necessary enquiries, and enter such Prosecutions as may
be Consistent with his office and duty. Resolved That General Mc-
intosh be informed that the House do entertain an abhorrence of
all such ungenerous Attempts made use of as appears by the Papers
laid before them to injure the Character of an Officer and Citizen

45. In Wilkinson's hand.

117

of this State who merits the Attention of the Ligislature for his
early, decided and Persevering efforts in the defence of America,
which Virtues this house have the highest Sense of.
Extract from the Minutes.
John Wilkinson C. H. A.

''Copys of Letters [illegible] SiC from Covrmittee
of Officers J any. I'jSf'

8th. February, [1783]
Sir, The Committee of Continental Officers for the Georgia Line
rather than dishonour their Constituents by puting them on a footing
with such as have Bowed their Necks to the British Yoke, have
parlyed at any time with them for Interest or favor, taken their
protection, or infamous Oaths, sought the pardon of their Commis-
sioners, or have been dugg out of their Trenches & Forts, would wish
to withdraw the application they have made, and depend upon the
Honor, the Justice & the gratitude of other States, who have a due
Sense of the invaluable priviledges the Army have acquired for them.
The Committee of Officers can easily observe those who early
fled from danger to secure their property, or taken every advantage
of the times to make fortunes, to be the most averse to do common
Justice to their more deserving fellow Citizens, the Militia, whose
favor every one seems to Court as they have Session in the House,
and can deal all things at their own pleasure, have turned out oc-
casionally as it suited them for their own advantage, & if they had
the Liberality & Spirit of freemen would require no other reward,
and the only small State Corps we ever had for a short time were
amply rewarded with Negroes taken by themselves in prompt pay,
& their Commanding Officer with the sum of [blank] the Com-
missioners of Confiscated Estates for a few days Service, have about
jCj,ooo & even their common Cryer is allowed /loo to be paid him
in Confiscated Property at the Sterling Value in the very Manner
we required, as we found our State were unable to pay the Cash
which is Justly due to us & would at this time be of Ten times the
Value.

[The following letters are on the back of the preceding one.]

Sir, I wish to have the Honor of Introducing Colo. George Rootes
to the Notice of the House, who is recommended by some of the
first Characters as a Man of Influence & ability. Colo. Roots and
Major Willis are sent as Deputies from the farming Countys of Berkly
Frederick, Shanando & Hampshire in Virginia, & propose bringing

118

in three hundred Families next fall, each of whom shall at Least have
one good Gun Man & well armed, providing they can have Lands
Secured to them - the Colo. Himself will best explain to the House
the encouragement they wish to receive

[To Lyman Hall]

Sir, We have waited impatiently for the return of Col. Eusta[ce]
whom your Honors predecessor Govr, Martin Sent to East Florida
to demand the Slaves Horses & other property plundered from this
State contrary to the agreement entered into by him & Gov. Tonyn.
We are now at Length informed by Mr. Jno. Morrel that our Slaves
(who were taken in a Small row Boat, while Left high & dry upon
a Sand Bank by the Tide as they were removing from one plantation
to another) were Condemned at their Court of Admiralty, which
we gave positive directions not to Submit to upon any account as
we deemed ourselves altogether Strangers & Aliens to their Laws their
Customs & their Courts, nor shall any consideration ever induce us
to begin or introduce a Practice that will put it in the power of
unprinciple[d] Robbers to draw our Citizens to a Submission which
would reflect the highest dishonour upon the Dignity & the Sovereignty
of our State

Colo. Clarke, ourselves & others who have been plundered only
wish & desire to know from your Honor whether the Contract (which
originated with themselves) & solemnly entered into by the two
Countrys is still binding upon our State or not. the Deputys who
were first sent to St. Augustine positively assert & declare the inland
Navigation was expressly included in the agreement, [illegible] written
which it wou'd be of no avail as most of our Plant [ation] s were on
some water, that they mentioned it particularly to Governor Tonyn
who replyed that the whole was fully inserted in the Letter he sent
by them, & in Consequence thereof Govr. Martin has shewn us Com-
missions he has given Since precluding Vessels from making prizes
within the Sea Islands or in Rivers as well as from the Shore, and
discouraged Privateers of other States whom he had no Jurisdiction
over from sending such prizes in here. We are sorry to observe the
same Candour has not been observed on the Side of Governor Tonyn,
in all his Letters he appears to be studiously evasive on this part of
the Treaty, which seems to be confirmed by the continued practices
of Deveaux, Manson, & others by Water & Land, & the encouragement
they meet with.

119

A Case in Poi7it*^

"Savannah, May 23, 1742
"Mr. Thomas Jones was at the Southward when he was indicted
by the Grand Jury, and on the 3d. of this Instant there was a Court
to be holden at Savannah, and Mr. Jones came in order to have taken
his place upon the Bench; which thing would have been objected
against by all the people in the Town; neither would any Man serve
as Grand or Petty Jurors, while Mr. Jones sat on the Bench, till he
had first taken his Trial, and cleared himself of the charge laid against
him."

A true copy taken from the History of those times by

Hercules Wormwood.

The above extract is recommended to the serious consideration of
every Juror who has any regard for his own honor or his Country's
reputation, also to look into the Minutes of the House of Assembly
published in the last paper and then say if George Walton is a proper
person to sit in Judgment.
Savannah 3rd. March 1783.

[Endorsed:] read this and consider

"Copy of Genl. Greens orders ^oth. June ijS^, ivith Memorandums.^'
Extract from General Orders*'^

Head Quarters Charles Town
May 14th. 1783

The pay master of each corps, and the heads of the Staff depart-
ments will present to the pay Master General as soon as they can,
a Subsistance Account for rations due to the Officers acting either
in the Line or the Staff; from the first of January 1782 to the Thirty
first of December following, and a Subsistence Account, from the
first of January 1783 to the Twentieth of February following.

Rations drawn to be charged at nine pence half penny Pensylvania
Currency; Each officer must be charged with the rations he has
drawn, and credited with one ration as a gratuity which it is supposed
Congress will allow to the Officers for those drawn in 1782. The
pay Masters and heads of Departments, must also Collect a just
state of each Officers account with the Clotheer Quarter Master
and Commissary which are to be deducted from the amount of the

46. Bears note in Mcintosh's hand: "A Case in Point May 1742. by
Hercules Wormwood 3d. March 1783." A copy is in the Force Georgia
Transcripts, Library of Congress.

47. In hand of E. Edwards.

120

ration and Subsistance accounts, after which the Ballances which
may appear to be due, the Pay Master General will discharge by
Bills; and if it should be found that any Officers have drawn more
then the amount of their ration and Subsistance accounts that the
Ballance be transmitted to the pay Master General to be settled at
a future Day (this is Done for the relief of the Subalterns who must
be Distressed to have their Subsistance stopped for the immediate
Settlement of these Ballances.

The accounts to be Collected from the Quarter Master General,
and settled in the subsistance accounts, is not ment to have reference
to the Forage Department.

That the Bills drawn for the subsistence of Officers may com-
mune [commence ?] with the Month, In future the next are to be
made up to the first of July from the 20th. Instant.

E Edwards DAG
Orderly Office
Camp James Island
June 30th. 1783

[The following letters and notes are on the back of this paper.]

State of So. Carolina. No. 64
Charlesto. July 2d. 1783.

Sir, At Sight, pay unto [blank] of the Georgia Battn. or Order,
Sixty four dollars, being for five Months & one third of a Month
Subsistance due him from the twentieth Day of Feby. 1783 to the first
Day of August 1783.

I am, Sir Your Humble Servt.

John Sandford Dart

Dy. pay Master So. Army
To

John Pierce Esqr.
Pay Master Genl.

Philada.

Charlestown So. Carolina July the 2 1783

Exchange for 40 dollars

At Sixty days after Sight of this my Exchange (the Second of
the same tenor and Date not yet paid) pay to the order of Captn.
Jon Lucas of the Georgia Battn. the sum of 40 dollars being for a
Month's pay advanced him, by order of the Honourable Major-

121

General Greene, Commanding Officer, Southern Army; which place
to the account of said Captn. Lucas
I am, Sir,

Yr, Humble Servt.
John Sandford Dart

Dy. Pay Master So Army
To

John Pierce, Esq
Pay Master Genl.
Philadelp[hi]a

[And the following in Mcintosh's hand.]

Came to Philadelphia 13th. July 1781.

Went to Jersey about the beginning of Augt. & returned from
Camp about the begginning of September 1781, w^hen I found the
Contract took place, at 10/90 per ratn. prior to the ist. August 1781
& 9/4/90 afterwards.

Allowance of Wood.

Brigadier General 2 Chords per Mo. in Winter, & one Chord in
Summer

Colonel

Lt. Colo.

Major

Captain - i Chord in Winter & Yz in Summer 6 Mos. & 6 Mos.

Subaltern - Yz Chord do. Yt in Summer

''Affidavit for Wm. Glascock''' [77^2 or nS^Y^

State of Georgia
Chatham County

William Glascock of Augusta, Richmond County Esquire, ap-
peared personally, and maketh Oath, That he hath seen, and care-
fully perused Copys of Memorials from George Walton and Richard
Howly, and a Letter from George Seegar, addressed to the president
of Congress, upon his receiving a Letter from the Deponent dated
Augusta, 1 2th. May 1780, and witnessed by Peter Deveaux Esqr. one
of the Executive Council, and to the Committee of Congress to whom
the said Letter from the Deponent was referred, and the Deponent
most Solemnly declares the whole of his own Letter was true, and

48. This paper is marked in an unknown hand, "Civil Affairs 1779 Im-
portant." It is obvious from the context that the date should be later.
Savannah and Chatham County were occupied by the British from December
29, 1778, to July 11, 1782.

122

contained nothing but facts, that it was signed the day it was dated
while Mr, Howly was Govr. & at Aug [us] t [a], and that the two
Memorials above mentioned, with Seegar's Letter, which appears
to the Deponent to have been Concerted between the authors of them,
are replete with the grossest falshoods, evasions, and every sentence
of them distant from the truth, and the deponent cannot help ex-
pressing his surprise, that his Letter was so long on it's way, and
that so Wise a Body as Congress could be imposed upon so easily.
The Deponent thinks, he cannot at this distance of time, and when
Occurrences were so Complicated, otherwise explain the whole drift,
and intention of the Transactions of the unfortunate Years 1779 and
1780 in Georgia, better, than by giving a Short Narrative of the rise,
and progress of them, as far as he knows. The Deponent therefore Saith,
that after the new Representatives were Chosen at the general annual
Election throughout the State in December 1778, and before they
could Convene, the British from New York took possession of the
Capital Savannah, and either subdued, or scattered the Inhabitants
of some of the Counties up the River, and all of those along the Sea
Coast, which made it impossible for a sufficient Number of Members
to meet to make a House, or to elect a new Governor and Executive
for the Ensuing Year 1779, which by the Constitution must be the
very first business on the first Tuesday of January in everj^ year,
on which day the preceeding Government always expires, that not-
withstanding the Day for electing the Civil Officers of the State for
that year had elapsed, there was repeated efforts made in Vain to
Collect Members enough to make a House, in order to fall upon
some other Means of relieving in part the general distresses of the
times, and at Length in the Month of July, about Twenty five
Members met at Augusta, but as they were not a House, and yet
found the necessity of Checking the irregularitys which then too
much prevailed, they called the Citizens at large in to their assistance
on the emergency which they would not presume to take upon them-
selves, and they Jointly Chose a Respectable Executive Council, of
Nine (who engaged to Serve gratis) to Act for the remaining part
of that Year, and untill the first Tuesday in January 1780, who were
Authorised by a great majority of all the people then in the State,
gave general Satisfaction, and were as happy as any people in their
Situation cou'd be under their Government.

Just after this Council were appointed. General Mcintosh returned
from the Northern Army, after near two years absence from the
State, with Colonel Parker's Regiment of foot, and Blands Regiment
of Horse, which greatly raised all their Spirits, reanimated, and
was a Seasonable Succour, and relief to the few Militia remaining

123

then in the State, as their own Line of the Regular Army were en-
tirely extinct, & annihilated at the unfortunate affairs of Savannah
and Bryer Creek, but Notwithstanding, the general good Humour and
harmony which Subsisted during this Short but happy period, be-
tween all parties and distinctions, Civil and Military, it gave uneasiness
to some, who Wished to fish in troubled Waters, & had no other
Element they could be distinguished in; the late turbulent & ambitious
George Wells first raised a Small party against the Council, which
was however taken but little Notice of, and hardly known untill
Richard Howly came from Carolina to his asistance, who after trying
in Vain every Effort to overset them, pretended at Length to
applaud & approve highly of all their proceedings.

In the Month of September the Executive Council with their
President, and nearly all the Militia of the State ChearfuUy & readily
followed General Mcintosh to the Siege of Savannah, upon the
arrival of the Count D'Estaing which the Deponent is informed was
carried on with the Utmost harmony untill the General was ordered
into Carolina.

After that Siege was rased in the Month of October, George Walton
(who had been Captured when Savannah fell, the latter end of the
preceeding Year) was exchanged, and immediately made another at-
tempt against the Council, in which Howly and Wells Joined again,
he objected to some of the Members of it, as favourable to Torys, and
Collectively as unconstitutional, and pretended the Utmost danger
from Citizens among ourselves from discoverys he had made in his
Captivity and that it was Necessary to call an Assembly without
delay, which he and his new Associates tryed every Means to Ac-
complish, but without effect, as the Deponent apprehends, because,
besides their being Scattered in other States which prevented their
Meeting on former Occasions, they might think it now, it was so
late unnecessary, & so near the general Elections by the Constitution,
which the Council had already advertised to be held in the State,
as near the usual form as possible, and as the times of the old Members
would in all probabillity expire before they could A4eet, or do any
business, yet they persisted, and altho they could not equal in Number
of Members, those who Met in July, they boldly & peremtorily of
themselves Condemned the Acting Council, and all their proceed-
ings as illegal unconstitutional and dangerous to the Liberties of the
State, they appointed George Walton their Governor for the short
remainder of the Year, and also a Delegate to Congress, George Wells
and Richard Howly Counsellors, and ever)^ Matter that was brought
in, and carried in the House of Assembly, if it might be so called
(who Chose the Deponent their Speaker) was first Settled, and de-

124

termined upon, in a private Club held at Geo. Wells's Lodging, and
composed of the Governor Elect, the new Counsellors, some Select
Members of the House & others whom they gained by Offers and
picked out to Suit their purposes, and prevented the entrance of
all others, their proceedings were kept in the profoundest Secrecy,
even from the other Members of the House, except some trifling
Matters carryed in to Amuse them, which they observing, and dis-
approving of the Measures after attempting to sit a few days dropt
off daily, & without doing any thing of Consequence, in a few days
after the Members Met, they left the Club to themselves, to Act
as they pleased, which of Course must have got the Sanction of an
Executive of their own Creation, and of whom they were chiefly
Composed, and the other Executive Council being Acting in the State
at the same time Occasioned the most Violent parties and Convulsions.

Colo. Parker of Virginia who at that time commanded the Con-
tinentals in the State was in the State with his Regiment & Colonel
Elbert who had been appointed Brigr. of Militia the same Year by
some of the Members who tryed to make a House & a prisoner then
upon parol at Augusta were ofered to be made Major Generals
alternate others Brigadiers & the Deponent often heard George Walton
declare he would have General Mcintosh broke! ^^

This short & plain recital of facts the Deponent conceives will
easily Lead to the reasons for Condemning some Citizens and for
applauding others, and unravell the whole Mystery from it's Sources,
the Deponent moreover thinks, that Money as well as Ambitious
projects might be in their View, as he finds a large Sum applyed for
to Congress in the Letter of [blank] November 1779. falsly ascribed
to him, the Depont. besides half a Million then in General Lincolns
hands and room, dollars Lent by the State of So. Carolina for the
use of this State, & the British General Clinton, at that time daily
expected with a force which wou[l]d probably overrun two or three
at least of the Southern States, and ballance the Account. But what-
ever their secret Motives might be, The Deponent absolutely declares,
that there was no Committee appointed by the November House
to write to Congress as the two Memorials assert, unless they mean
this mixed Club, or Junto of their own forming, of which the De-
ponent was not a Member as is aledged, and never had admittance to it
but once, nor did the Deponent ever Authorise any Person to Sign his
name to any Letter for him to Congress, nor was it ever proposed
to him, on the Contrary, the Deponent Stayed at and near Augusta
during the whole Transaction, and untill the next General Election,

49. This paragraph is written in the margin.

125

& for sometime afterwards, & did not go to the Congarees in Carolina
at that time as the Memorials asserts, The Deponent saith also, that
there was no Alarms from parties of the Enemy immediately at, and
for some Months before & after that period as the Memols. afirm,
they being kept at 40. or 50. miles distance from Augusta by Parkers
and Blands Regiments and parties of the Militia.

The Deponent further saith that he was appointed Speaker of the
next new Assembly the begging [beginning?] of January 1780, at
Augusta also, and no such Letter as Mr. Seegar aludes to, ever
appeared to the Deponent's knowledge in the House, nor none of
the proceedings of what was called a House of Assembly the latter
part of the preceeding November could be obtained altho' often called
for, nor was there ever to the Deponent's knowledge any thing
said, or hinted, in either the November or the January Sessions, in
a public or in a private manner that could tend in the least to the
prejudice of General Mcintosh, nor had the General any Command
in the state of Georgia after the Siege of Savannah.

''Board Claims lySf

After the most deliberate and Maturest Consideration the following
Regulations, and general principles are determin'd and fixed upon,
always to be adhered to, by this Board, in Liquidating the Several
Claims or demands that may be brought before them, in order to
put every Claimt. as nearly as possible upon an equal footing, and to
do the same Justice to all.

I St. Whereas by the prevailing custom of giving extensive Credits
in this State, which proved to be a reciprocal advantage,^" the Planters
were almost universally in Debt at the Commencement of the Revolu-
tion, and as they have been harassed and distressed beyond example
since the beginning of the War, in every part of a frontier State, ex-
posed on all sides to depredations as we have been, and any
property which some of them might secure and retain, was rather
an Expence & burthen, than an advantage to them, which not only
disabled them from discharging any part of their old Debts, but
obhged many to add new ones to them. While it is well known the
most of their Creditors, (who if they exerted themselves, could supply
the wants & relieve the Necessitys of their Country), lay by, and
withdrew their asistance. Acting an ignoble Newtrality to se-
cure the property they had acquired by the Labour & Industry^ of
their Creditors, and expecting that propertv (whatever turn public

50. "Benefit" is written above "advantage"; "prefering" above "Acting"
in manuscript.

126

affairs took) would accumulate without risque or trouble by the
growing Interest thereon, and would undoubtedly as they expected
make the fortunes of a few at the expense & total ruin of Nine-
tenths of the Citizens of this State. And whereas the many extra-
ordinar\' Circumstances produced by our Revolution, could not have
been expected or foreseen in peaceable Regular Governments, and
many Laws and customs equitable and right in the one would be the
most iniquitous & unjust in the other, which is further confirmed
by the Constant practice of every Court of Justice in Matters of less
Consequence.

It is therefore the Unanimous opinion of this Board, that to place
the Debtors & Creditors, Citizens of this State, as nearly as possible,
upon an equal footing in their general losses during the late War,
(altho the latter have much the advantage by having their original
property secure) that no Interest ought to be added to such principle
or demanded, or paid upon any Accounts Bonds or other Specialties
or any Debts whatever Contracted before the 4th July 1776. And,
as the public in which every individual are Interested, is entitled to
the same Justice which it is the duty of this Board to have done, they
have agreed^^ that the Same Rate shall be observed in all Claims
or demands whatsoever brought aginst this State which had their rise
prior to the said 4 July 1776.

2d. And whereas the Interest upon Debts contracted since that
period is evidently of a more intricate and delicate Nature, when
some began to Speculate upon the distresses of their Country and
fellow Citizens, while others with a Noble and disinterested Zeal
supported both to the Utmost of their Ability, which deserves very
diferent Consideration & treatment, and which it is probable the
Legislature had in View in theii' Instructions for Settling public
Accounts by Leaving the Interest to the discretion and Judgement of
the Auditor & this Board, altho they [were] minutely particular in
every thing else. It is therefore the further oponion of this Board,
that the Interest upon any Accots. Claims or demands since the 4th.
day of July 1776, shall be allowed or not according to Circumstances,
their Respective Merits, and the Justice due to each.

^d. It is farther agreed^- upon by this Board, that all Accounts
Claims and demands in Georgia Money at 5/. to the Dollar, prior
to the [blank] when the State adopted the British mode of calculating

51. "put" is written above "place," "Principle" above "property," and
"resolved" above "agreed" in manuscript.

52. In the following three paragraphs "resolved" is written above "agreed,"
"Standard" above "method," "the former" above "each," "Resolved" above
"And," and "the Enemy" above "them" in the manuscript.

127

our Accounts 4/8 to the dollar, be reduced to our present Method
by deducting 6-2/3 P^r cent from each.

4th, Resolved That every person who do not produce Vouchers
to the Satisfaction of the Board shall have the following Oath ad-
ministered to them. Vizt. the Oath [Not included here]

5th. Resolved that all Accounts claims & demands which had their
rise during the late British usurpation, between those who remained
with them, had taken their Oaths or protection, or were on each part
British Subjects shall be paid no Regard to, further regulations shall
be made as a Necessity for them occurs.

21. Novr. 83.
Present. &ca.

6th. & Whereas some persons concerned in Trade as partners
either in a general or any particular branch or branches of Commerce,
have Apparently Seperated before, or during the late War, part of
the concerned having remained wth. or Joined the Enemy, while
the other part Stayed with the Americans,* which Conduct the Board
do not pretend to Condemn in the Lump, but as it appears to them
extremely Suspicious, & too interested in a Contest which required
the utmost exertions of every Individual* whereby the good Citizens
of this State became Lyable to prosecutions on both Sides for the same
Contracts, and many of them Actually have been unjustly distressed
by that means during the late Usurpation of the British, & whereby
also our Laws have been evaded, and the State is still Lyable to be
defrauded by transferring or Exchanging Debts between British Sub-
jects and the Citizens of this or any other of the United States; or
by dividing the property or Debts of such Copartnerships so as to
frustrate the good intentions of the Act of Confiscation^^ by Leaving
what was imovable to the one while the rest was carried off. It is
therefore the opinion of this Board, that any Accounts claims or
Demands brot. in by any person or persons (Citizens of the United
States) against any who have been concerned in trade with him, or
her or them & remained with or Joined the British before or
during the War & their propert)^ forfeited in this State; nor any
other, which has an appearance of transferring or conveying the Value
of such forfeited property away to any part of the British Dominions
shall be allowed untill the Legislature determines upon so Delicate
a Subject.

7th. Whereas by the Act which constitutes this Board Certificates
for provision & other Necessarys for the Army are directed to be

The portion between the asterisks is crossed out in the original.
53. In this paragraph "Laws of this State" is written above "Act of
Confiscation," and "no" above "any" in manuscript.

128

laid before the said Board in the first instance, which is presumed
to be an oversight through a MultipHcity & hurry of other business
in the Legislature, as it is taking great part of the business of the
Auditor General out of his hands. It is therefore the opinion of the
Board, that all such Certificates be first presented to & go through
the examination of the Auditor General and he to refer any of them
afterwards with his remarks if he thinks it necessary, to this Board,
which will be a double Security that the public is not injured, and
the better to prevent imposition as much as may be as well as un-
necessary trouble it is recommended to him to get and examine the
Accounts of the Commissary & qr. Masters General & those at the
head of other departments first who ought to be answerable for the
Conduct of those whom they have appointed, their Authority or
Necessity of making such appointments, and to insert all these
smaller Accounts which are rendered to them if Just in their General
Account to appear at one View, & be a proper Check upon all other
Accounts that may appear of an improper Nature.

8. If it so happens that no more than one or two of the Commis-
sioners meet they are to sit on the days & hours appointed, and are
to receive Accounts & Claims examine Vouchers see the parties [il-
legible] but cannot pass any or determine any other essential business
with[ou]t the approbation of three of the Board at Least. Any
General business must have the approbation of 4. of the Board as their
effects are so extensive.

''Coppy of Address from the Officers ipth. March ^84.
With Ansiver"
At a meeting of a Number of the Officers of the Georgia Line on
the 19th, day of March 1784. On Motion made, That Major Genl.
Mcintosh be allowed the first Choice of Lands reserved for the Offi-
cers & Soldiers of the Line aforesaid.

Resolved, That it is the Unanimous opinion of this Meeting that
the General from his unwearied attention & perseverance for the In-
terest of the Officers & Soldiers under his Command, Merit their
Warmest Acknowledgements, Therefore begg Leave to return him
their Thanks, in behalf of themselves their Brother Officers & Soldiers,
And request that he will honor them so far as to accept of the first
Choice of the Lands reserved for the Said Line.

G Handly Major G. Melvin, Major

J. Milton Major Elisha Miller, Captain

F. Tennill, Capt. Edw. Cowan, Capt.

Cor. Collins, Lt. Ar. Hays, Lt.

Chr. Hillary, Lt.

129

Ordered, That Major Handley & Capt. Cowan be requested to wait
on his Honor Genl. Alclntosh with the foregoing Resolution,

Gentn. I am most Sensibly Affected & feel the very Polite & kind
address vou sent me this day by your Committee for which please
to accept mv Sincere & heartiest Thanks, the plaudit of my fellow
Soldiers who have been the Companions & Witnesses of my Toils
Travels & Sufferings throughout a Long War, is more grateful! to
me than that of the whole World besides & the best reward for my
Labour, but you much overate Gentn. the Small Services I have
been able to render the brave Men to whom the United States are
so much Indebted, and I am sorry to add, so ungratefully and un-
justly Neglected & ill rewarded. My inclinitation as well as my duty
always impells me to attempt every thing in my power, and only
regret that I can do no more for them, nor do I desire to have any
preference myself beyond the poorest Soldier, and Value that you
have been generously & Politely pleased to honor me with,* only
as it is a lasting Mark of your Attachment, friendship & Esteem.

I have the honor to be Gent.

Yr most obt. Hble Servt.
L Mcintosh M. Genl.
19th. March 84.
To the Gentn. of the Contl. Army

Marine & Gallies belonging to the State of Georgia,
this was a preference to run his bounty Lands before any other.
[Mcintosh's note]

[The following notes in Mcintosh's hand are on the above letters
and the cover of the original letter from the Officers, which was
endorsed to "The Honble Major Genl. Mcintosh, Savannah."]

"M Genl. Mcintosh is Entitled

1 1 00 Acres from Congress

HOC Acres from the State 800

2200 Acres 100.
330

900.

2530
900

3430.

"General Mcintosh is Entitled to the following Lands.

1 1 00 Acres from Congress.

130

1 1 oo Acres from the State.
800 Acres for his son Major L Mcintosh deceased makes

3,000 Acres and

450 Acres, for 15 per Ct. allowed upon the whole by the Assembly
'84 - in one Warrant, makes

3,450 Acres altogether, entitled to a preferrence.

"Note, the General Lent a Certificate of 850 Acres Land to an
Officer for a particular purpose, which was to be returned in Cer-
tificates for the Same quantity of Lands, again & which ought to
have the same priviledges, as he is bent upon keeping them in his
Family, for this distinguished Mark of Preference from his Brothers
Soldiers."

"Address of the Officers of the Georgia Line of the Army, 19th.
March '84 - Ne quid nimis - too much is not good."

^'Instructions for Delegates Cincinnati. ^'^'^

Instructions to be observed by the Delegates Sent by the Society
of the Cincinnati of the State of Georgia to Represent them in the
General Society to be held in the City of Philadelphia the first Mon-
day in May next or any other time and place they may adjourn to.
Gentlemen.

As the obtaining Justice for the Late army in their pay, ar-
rears of Pay, Service [?] Cloathing, Commutation of half pay, and
other Emoluments repeatedly and Solemnly promised to them must
be a Capital Consideration in the General Society you are directed
to Consult and join in every proper Mode that can be devised for
that purpose that the distressed Soldier may no longer Suffer by
delaying the Small Reward due to him for his past Toils and sufferings
from such States as may be so ungrateful and unjust themselves, or
retard others from makeing them good.

You will please to enquire if the Officers promoted by Resolve
of Congress of the 30th. September 1783 are thereby entitled to the
additional bounty of Lands and Commutation of half Pay according
to their present Ranks respectively, as it is conceived this was the
intention of the Honble. the Congress as a small Gratuity and ac-
knowledgement for the Long and faithful Services of the oldest
Servants of the Public after their pay and other emoluments ceased,

54. This paper is not in Mcintosh's hand though the second signature
Is his. John Milton's signatures are in his own hand.

131

and also how, or when the Commutation is to be Settled upon some
permanent footing.

You will receive herewith the whole proceedings of our State So-
ciety from its Commencement with our by-Laws Certifyed by the
Secretary for the information and Correction of the General Society;
if in any of them we have deviated from the Original Institution.
You are also well acquainted with the Objections made to the whole
of the Institution in our State, and the groundless fears of some
Citizens which deserves some Consideration, and if in any part of
our Institution there is found upon A4ature deliberation a just Cause
for such fears they ought to be removed, as the greatest Glory of
the Cincinnati is, that they were prime Agents in giveing freedom
to a great portion of the Globe, and leading the way for all the rest
to obtain it.

Those who are entitled to admission into the Society require further
explanation, & in more explicit Terms; whether Officers in the Line
who served with reputation if not three years, or Continental Naval
Officers may not be admitted, how far, and which of the Staff are
included, as in the Qr Master Generals Department, if his deputys
& Subalterns as far as the Waggon Master are Meant, & so if other
Departments in the Staff, or whether that should be left open to the
respective State Societys according to the Characters of Persons.

The order of Succession, & power of Expulsion ought to be in
Clearer Terms, that is, if a Member is expell'd, should that exclude
his next Lineal or Collateral Successions, which in time might diminish
the Number of the Society.

Whether all the Officers of the Society as well the Delegation
as others ought not to be open to Honorary Members as we have made
it in our State Society, to promp[t] their Zeal for its Interest.

You are to endeavour to get the place of the General Meeting here-
after fixed as Centrical as possible for the Conveniency of the whole.

And you are to procure, and upon your Return bring all the in-
formation you possibly can obtain for this State Society for its
Government, attested Copys of the whole proceedings of the Session
of the General Society, with those of the Several States from their
first Commencement downwards, the Names of their Officers and
Members, and any Oposition they might have met with, in their
respective States, the Cause of them & their proceedings thereon,
and in Short every information respecting the Society.

As you know the State of our Finances Economy is particularly
recommended to you; if your resources falls short, you are allowed
to borrow from the funds of our Society but as Sparingly as possible.

132

"or any one or more of them.

By order of the Society of the Cincinnati of the State of Georgia.

Lachn. Mcintosh Prest.

Savh 2oth. April 1784
Coll Eustace
Majr Lucas
Majr Cuthbert
Captn. Field

True Copy

J. Milton
State of Georgia.

This may Certify that the following Gentlemen were duly Elected
by Ballot in a regular, quarterly meeting of the Association of the
Cincinnati of this State held at Savannah the nineteenth day of
April 1784, to represent them in the General Society of the Cincin-
nati to be held in the City of Philadelphia the first Monday in May
next, and any other time and place they may adjourn to during
their Session; to Wit, Major John Skey Eustace, Major John Lucas,
Major A. Daniel Cuthbert, and Captain James Field, any one or more
of whom are authorized and impowered to Join the Delegates from
the other State Societys in any rules and Regulations that may be
found Necessary for the benefit of the whole, agreeable to the In-
structions herewith given them.

In Testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand at Savannah
in the said State this nineteenth day of April 1784 and Eighth year

of American Independence.

A true Copy
J. Milton

Lachn. Mcintosh
President of the State Society
of Cincinnati in Georgia

"Copy of my Ac cot. ivith Public as Stated & Settled by the
Auditor, 22d. April '84 - balance 34'] 1.13/1
per Auditor's Certificate. '''

The United States

To General Lachn. Mcintosh Dr.^**

1777
Novr.

To amount of his Account from 1 3th. Feby.
1776 to this date for his pay rations and a
variety of public expences paid by him per
his Account

>-6i7o.i4.4

55. In John Wereat's hand.

133

25

Deduct
Interest Charged in the Account - ^^ 13 80. 1.4

A Charge on the price of a Horse
which is charged in the Account
s^^ ^rid I am instructed to allow
no more than 2^

Cr.

By Cash received from the Treasurers of
the State of Georgia at different times per
the Generals Acct. (no state of it being to
be got from the late Treasurers) ^^2500,
in depreciated Money say on _^ 1300. 14/6
the Average of 1777

viz IS. Jan. 100
31. Deer. 286.4

1405- 1 4
4765.13.

386.4

"193.2 per Ct.

1293.19.11

Ballance due to General Mcintosh ;^347i.i3.i

exclusive of Interest and other Charges, which from my General
Instructions and the order of the House of the 19th. July 1783 I
do not think myself authorised to pass however just they may appear
to be, and as no order appears to have been made on a representation
of some Charges in the Account laid before the House of Assembly
on the 3d. of February last.

Copy of the Account filed in the Office

John Wereat Auditor

"Charles Scrimsger's Letter ..."

Kingston in Jamaica 7th August 1784"^*
General Mcintosh

Sir I am desired by your borother Mr. John Mcintosh To Write
to you by the first opportunity Either to Georgia or Carolina, &
I am very sorry That it is to inform you of his distressed Situation,
occasioned by a terrible hurrican Which happened last week there's
not the Smallest Shelter left on the plantation Either For man or
beast, the dwelling house which was a very good one & very Strong
was toare away to teen thousand pieces as well as all the rest of
the houses on the plantation There's not a Single tree left on the
hermitage hill, all the provisions is totaly Distroyed, the Corn fields

56. In Scrimsger's hand.

134

intirely Striped & all the plantain walks laveled with the Ground So
that there's not a mouthfuU of provisions for the negroes left. Mr.
Aiclntosh therefor desired me to tell you unless you or Mr. William
Could Sind Some provision, his negroes most Starve for want of
provisions, he also Says if your Son Mr. John Could bring over
to the Island a cargo of provisions Such as rice pease com or any
other kind that he might Make his fortime, A few days before the
hurrican happened, I came to Mr. Mclntoshs House, the 30th July
between 8 & 9 oclock at night the hurrican began & Continued untill
about half past teen the most violentest of any ever known in the
Island, had it Continued one hour longer the whole Island most have
been distroyed, there was no Whit person with Mr. Mcintosh but
myself at the time, I bhve may being with him at the time was of
Service We Saved the lives of Severall young negroes, my anxiety
for My own family obliged me to leve Mr. Mcintosh Sooner than
I otherwise would have don He was in a very poor State of helth when
I left him, owing to what he Suffered that Night, I was hardly able
to come to town myself, however my familey or huse suffered nothing
In a maner, you may Expect a letter from Mr. Mcintosh by the
very first opportunity, as I hope He will Soon be better & able
to write, I have Sint this days papers for your perusale by which
you will See Some account of the hurrican. please to write Mr. Mc-
lntoshs letters to my Care in Kings Street neare the beef market.
I keep a liquor Store. Sir I wrot to your Son Capt. William Some
months ago by Livie Shiftale, but never reed, any answer from him
alth[o] many opportunity. I requested the favour of him to Shew
you my letter, requesting the favour of your Opinion In regard
to my going back to Georgia. It will allwise give me the greatest
pleasur to heare of your & your worthy familey's health & pros-
perity. I am Sir with the greatest Respect you most obedent most
Hble Servant

Charles Scrimsger
General Mcintosh

[The following note in Mcintosh's hand is on the back of this
letter: ]

"Letters of July & Augt. '84 from Jamaica Reed. Thursday Evening
the 7th. October 1784 per Nephew Lack."

^Copys of Letters from [Mcintosh] i & ^d Septr. ^84 -
to Colo. Pannil, The Governor & Milton''^

Dr. Sir, I wrote to you loth. Insta. by Mr. Clark the Taylor in
Answer to yours of the 12. July desiring you to prosecute the Caveate

135

you entered in my Name for about looo Acres Land opposite to
Fishing Creek as the Law directs & if Necessary to appeal to the
Governor & Council to whom I have wrote on the Subject & when
I obtain the Land you will please to lay my Son Billy two 460 Acre
Warrants upon it,& if any good Land remains the 230 Acre Warrant
& my own 460 Acre Warrant upon the point of the Fork according
to the Plot you Sent me by George; the other Warrants may be
laid upon prime Lands, if it should be twenty thirty or more Miles
above the fork, but if it is not the best Land I would rather be with-
out any, & have the Warrants returned to me. I have been at much
trouble & Expence about it^^ already, & think it best to put up with
the first Cost & Loss - tho I must Confess I was greatly disapointed
in My expectations. You promised to run better Lands for me than
your own at Town Creek, & to lay out two excellent Tracts for me
on each Side of yours opposite to that Creek, & I placed a firm Con-
fidence & dependence in it; those of the Committee who were then
in Savannah Voluntarily Joined their Brother Officers, and without
my knowledge Resolved that the first Choice in the whole Reserve
should be laid out first for me; how I have Meritted the disaprobation
of the Committee since, or how they could deviate from the Instruc-
tions of the Officers who appointed and Authorised them, which was
also approved by the Govr. & Council I cannot conceive & I think
it a good foundation for you to Caveat all Grants in the Reserve;
the objection of any Individual who was not present at the Meeting
could have no weight as it was their own fault & being absent they
could not be Masters of the Arguments used, at the time; but Notwith-
standing I find that I am not in the good graces of some of them
I still have a Confidence that you will do every thing in Your power
to Serve me & inform me duely thereof who am
Your most obt. Hble Servt.
L M

Savannah 25th. Augt. '84
Colo. Pannill

[The following clause, preceded by an asterisk is at the foot of
this letter, but there is no corresponding asterisk in the body of the
letter to show where it belongs: "the quarterly Meeting of the Offi-
cers in Septr. or untill these Instructions are Litterally Complyed
with"]

Skidoway i Sept. 1784.
Sir, Collo. Pannill Surveyor of Washington County informs me
that he has entered a Caveat in my behalf against any Grants passing

67. "this business" is written above "It" in the manuscript.

136

for any part of the Ten or Twelve hundred Acres of Land in the
Soldiers Reserve upon North Okonee River opposite to or near
Fishing Creek, it is therefore Necessary since I cannot attend that
I Lay the reasons before the Honl. the Council to whom I expect
it will be referred.

You will please to recollect that all the Officers military marine
&ca, who could be convened, met at Savannah in March last, to
determin & fix on the most unexceptionable & properest Mode of
Laying out the Reserve Lands & after they unanimously agreed Met
with the approbation & Sanction of your Honor & the Council; the
next day after this Transaction the Officers Met again, without
my knowledge or interferrance, and very obligingly Resolved among
themselves that the first Choice of the whole Reserve should be laid
out on all my Rights, before any others were Survey'd & they auth-
orized & appointed a Committee of their own Body of whom Colo.
Pannil was one & Instructed them to carry the whole into Execution
accordingly; flattered & pleased I must Confess with this unsollicited
preferance & Mark of the Esteem of my Brother Soldiers I set double
Value on the Land than I had done I was at a good deal of trouble
& considertble Expence, & sent one of my Sons with another Gentle-
man of this Committee to chuse & see my Lands run out, but after
a Stay of three or four Mos. in Vain, being so Jockeyed they came
down again without being able to effect any thing, & every other
Officer I have conversed with on the Subject make the same Com-
plaint. Altho the Law very Wisely & expressly directs that each of
the two new County Surveys shall be restricted to Six Asistants or
Deputys under his direction & the Countys divided into as many
districts for them, to prevent Interferrance Wrangling & Confusion
in their Surveys, & that each might be accountable for his own Con-
duct. Yet it is Aserted that these Asistants have appointed them
under them witho[u]t Number or Limitation who pay no regard
to any order or Rule which thwarts their Views for themselves &
their respective friends, & that they Consist of the great Monopolizers
or their Agents, by which if true I humbly Conceive the whole
Intention of the Law is frustrated, & many useful Inhabitants dis-
apointed. That not satisfyed with picking in this Manner the Choice
of those Extensive Counties at Large, they have procured by some
Means or purchased Numbers of Soldiers Certificates altho I am at
a Loss where they could be found, & played the same Game also in
their Reserve which is Confessedly besides our Claim to it disputed
the ordinariest Tract of Land that could be found in that large
Cession; that they run these small Warrants in Square Tracts along
the River where any Bottoms or good Lands could be found to

137

Spoil larger Tracts, Secretly, & without regard to any Instructions,
& sometimes contrary to positive & express Instructions, which Colo.
Pannil informs me was the Case with this verry Land that he Caveated
on my behalf opposite to fishing Creek, after he had directed &
positively forbid it's being run for any other, one of these Deputys
of the Name of Grear Survey'd the whole in Several Warrants for
himself or others, and which I now refer to your honors determina-
tion as it Seems that is all which is likely to come to my Share or
my Sons from a bounty of between 4 and 5000 Acres.

It is the wish of such Officers I have spok[e] with on the Matter
& have nearly the same Complaints, that no Grants may be past for
any part of the Reserve untill they have an Opportunity at their next
quarterly Meeting in October of enquiring into the Conduct & pro-
ceedings of their Committee in which I most heartily Join them.

I am with the greatest respect, Yr. Honor's most obt. St.

LM

Skidoway 3d. Septr. '84
His Honor the Governor in Council

Dear Sir, I trouble you with the Enclosed Letter to his Honor
the Govr. which I begg you will deliver, as it contains my reasons
for Caveating the only Tract of good Land that I find I have any
Chance of getting in the Soldiers Reserve, which like the rest of
that great Cession will chiefly fall to the Share of Speculators &
Monopolizers, & the Officers & Soldiers be altogether cut out. As I
am not able to Fee a Lawyer upon the Occasion I wish you would
give Colo. Pannil any Asistance in your power in this Business, which
1 look upon to be a common Cause, as every Officer I have Spoke
with on the Subject have nearly the same Complaint, & I think it
will not be improper for you to inform Colo. Pannil & the rest of
the Committee of Officers to attend at the next quarterly Meeting
in October to render an account of their proceedings.

I am Dr. Sir

Yours Sincerely,

Major Milton L M**^

58. On the back of these rough-draft copies is the following note in an
unknown hand: "Private Anecdotes & Memorandums which may be useful
to any who records the present great revolution."

138

''Govt. Houstoini's second opinion on Officers Ranks, Per Resolve
of Co?igress ^oth. Septr. ijSf [1784]^^

Whereas this Board did on the 2d Inst, resolve it to be their opin-
ion that the resolution of Congress of 13th. Sept. last did not extend
farther than to promote Officers in the gradation therein mentioned.
And whereas the sd. Officers conceive that the sd. resolution was
intended to promote every Officer of the description therein men-
tioned a Rank above the Rank he then held. And whereas in case
the latter construction shd. prevail it will make a difference in favor
of the said Officers of a considerable quantity of Land in the Bounties
granted them. It is therefore resolved that for the present the said
Officers do take their Bounties agreeable to the Commissions they
now possess, and agreeable to the construction of this Board on the
resolution of Congress above mentioned. And in Case it shall be here-
after found that the Intention of Congress was confutable to the
construction of the sd. Officers It is the opinion of this Board, and
they will take the earliest opporty. of recommending the same to
the House of Assembly for their Adoption, that the said Officers
ought to be permitted to include and comprehend whatever may be
the deficient difference of their Bounty, in any future Warrant or
Grant they mav have on Head Rights, for Lands to be run in any
part of the State, or to take a new and separate part for such deficient
difference at their option and as they shall think proper.
[The following note in an unknown hand is on the back of this
paper.]

The Standing Committee of the Cincinati Society of this State,
will Meet on Alonday 5th Inst, at Captn. Wm. Mcintosh's Quarters,
pricisely at 10 OClock in the Momg. where the presence of every
Member is earnestly requested, when matters of the utmost Conse-
quence to the Society will be laid before them.
Savh. 3th. 1784.

[1784]

The Board on Considering the Resolve of Congress of the 1 3 Septr.
1783 are of Opinion that the Officers of the Continental Army are
entitled to the Bounty of Land both from the Continent & State
agreeable to the Promotion made by the Said resolve that is to Say
as every Officer who holds the Same Rank now that he did in 1777
is promoted one Grade higher therefore it follows every Brigr. be-
comes a Majr. Genl. every Senior full Col. a Brigr. every Senior Lieut.
Coll. a full Colol. every Senior Major a Lieutnt. Colol. ever\ eldest

59. Mcintosh dated this paper 1783, though it shows from its context and
from the fact that John Houstoun was governor of Georgia for the second
time in 1784 that the correct date is 1784. It is in Houstoun's har.d.

139

Captain a Major every eldest ist. Lieut, a Captain and every eldest
Second Lieut a first Lieut. & it is order'd that they accordingly have
Certificates for the Bounty allow'd the said Ranks respectively .<>

True Copy.

^'Presidents of the Cincinnati in the Several States, 1784.''

The Presidents of the Cincinnati in the several States.

1. N. Hampshire

2. Massachusetts Major Genl. Heth

3. Rhod Island .....Major Genl. Green

4. Connecticut Major Genl. Parsons

5. N. York Major Genl. Mcdougall

6. N. Jersey

7. Pennsylvania Major Genl. St. Clair

8. Delaware State

9. Maryland Major Genl. Smallwood

10. Virginia Major Genl. Gates

1 1 . North Carolina Brigr. Genl. Sumner

12. South Carolina Major Genl. Moultrie

1 3. Georgia _.. Major Genl. Mcintosh

''Alexr. Crighton's Rect. for 70 bushls. Corji 16 March ^Sf

Dr. Sir, Be pleased to let Mr. Crighton have Seventy Bushells Com

the rem[ainde]r of the hundred that was reserved for Mr. Baskett &

oblige

Yrs &c
Geo. Troup
13 March 1785

To Genl McIntosh

Reed, the within Seventy Bushels Corn at Skidoway this i6th.

March 1785.

Alexr Crighton*'^

''Copy Alexr. AlcGillivrays Letter to Colo. B. Hawkins
Soth July '86''

Little Tallassie 30 July 1786.
Sir I had reed, the two Letters that vou wrote to me f'rom Seneca
early Last Spring & shou'd have acknowledged the Receit Long 'ere
this, but supposing you intended no long Stay there & your not ad-

60. In unknown hand. Probably Governor Houstoun's first opinion on
officers' rank.

61. The receipt signed by Crighton is in Mcintosh's hand.

140

vising me where to direct to you deterr[e]d me from Writing, &
soon after business of Consequence called me from the Nation & am
now only Just returned home very unwell & write you this Scrawl
chiefly to acknowledge Yours. My Illness preventing me from An-
swering you as fully as you desire or I cou[l]d Wish. My friend Mr.
Jas. McG. being here on his way home & undertakes for the delivery.

I received the Letter of Invitation you Mention, for the Chiefs
of this Nation to meet you the Commissioners of Congress to
treat of Peace &ca. &ca. You & Genl. Pickens then Mentioned that
the place was not as Yet fixed on where we were to Meet, but how
soon that matter was decided upon, we should receive Second Noti-
fication respecting it. I was glad that Congress had Interposed it's
Authority & that in Consequence we shou[l]d Settle all our differ-
ences in an Amicable Manner the expectation of which determined
me to Meet you with a full representation of these Nations for effect-
ing so desirable a purpose. Meantime while I was waiting for the
Second Advices, I received Authentic information that yr. Georgians
were resolved to Embarrass the Commissrs. in the execution of the
trust Committed to them by Congress Respecting Indian affairs, as
the Moderate Measures you held forth was not agreeable to them. I
from Experience well know the Georgians Capable of frustrating every
disposition & Intention of the Commissrs. I had determined in my
Mind not to go, as not caring to be a Witness to disagreeable Con-
tention & which wou[l]d most probably End in Bloodshed on both
Sides, red & White.

I Shan't trouble you with a Long detail of the Many Insults &
injuries we sustained from that State; their encroachments of our
best hunting Grounds, our repeated representations to them on that
Subject, & which were unoticed, tho' we warned them of the Con-
sequences; the last Treaty of Galphington Convinced us we had
nothing to trust to from their boasted pretentions to Justice Hu-
manity &ca. We resolved to deliberate on our Critical Situation & in
General Convention of the whole we came to resolutions to expel
by force all that should be found on the Lands in question which
being chiefly accomplish'd we shall Lay down our Arms, not to raise
them without we are Compell[e]d in defence of our Lands & prop-
erty, the Means for which we do not want. Let the Contest be as
Long as it may.

I again repeat that we do not Wish a War, nor can I suppose that
the Georgians will undertake one Singly against us, as we cannot
suppose that Congress or any State will Countenance that State in
any Schemes of Tyrannie & Opression; 'tis their faults that at this
day we are not Connected in ties of Friendship; 'tis their faults that

141

early after the Peace drove us to seek new friends & form foreign
Alliances, whom we have found to be faithful & Generous & who
no doubt will perform all that we Stipulated for in our Treaties.

Still we have reserved to ourselves the Liberty to Settle our dif-
ferences & every other Act that free People may Choose to do;
'tis not yet too late for the States & us to be on a friendly footing,
& which we are ready to Treat on in our own Country; there was
in my absence here on[e] McAlurphy Sent up by the Assembly of
Georgia, who after behaving like an Insolent Fool, Just as I arrived
& called for a General Convention of the Nation, he went off from
the Lower Creeks. Such Characters Sent Officially appears to me
rather a Mockery than any thing Serious. I wish to see non[e] Such.
We are not to be dictated to & our forms of Meeting & Conducting
our affairs be regulated by the Caprice of such people, & which he
attempted to do.

I can not possibly Write farther at present; excuse the abrupt man-
ner of Concluding. I have now only to Assure you that if you
will pay us a Visit, you shall be heartily Welcome, & perfectly Safe.
To Alorrow I expect the remaining Chiefs will be all here agree-
able to the Call I gave them, to proceed on business.

I am with much respect
Sr. Your most obt. Servant
Alex McGillivray
Honl. Benja. Hawkins
Esqr. Commr. L A.

(And Superscribed) The Honl. Benja. Hawkins Esqr. one of the
Commissrs. appointed by Congress for Treating with the Southern
Nations of Indians - Georgia.
A McG.

Genl. Mcintosh's Compts. to Major Habersham & requests he will
Return this Copy when he has done with it.

Savannah Sunday Momg. 3d. Septr. '86
[Endorsed:]
Major John Habersham

''Captain Thos. FarreWs Letter . . ."^^

Passemaquady July 31st 1786
Dear Sir Sinse I had the Honor of seeing you in Philadelphia, I have
with great Expence arriv'd here, where I formerly liv'd, and in this

62. Bears additional note in Mcintosh's hand: "Reed, by Mr. Geo. Baillie
in Savanna the 13th. October 1787."

142

place I have got considerable land, neagro's, Stocks, & House's, de-
molished.

I am informed by a Master of a Vessel, Captn. Clark that you live
near Sundbary in Georgia, and that he is going there Shortly & will
deliver this letter to you, or forward it, be Asshured I never Shall
be Afraid or a Shamed to own I have been under obligations to a
Worthy brave good man. General Mcintosh, and that I shall always
be happy to hear that the Genl. and his family is in parfect Happi-
ness, and Health. I Expect if nothing unforseen happens to go soon
to new york When I will do myself the Honor to write you again
and am with my best Wishes to your Self and family

Dr. Sir

Your most Obedt. and most Humble Servt.
Thoms. Farrell
[Endorsed:] General Mcintosh
Georgia

Mcbitosh to John Mcintosh.

Skidoway Island 23d. Septr. 1786.^^
Dear John, When I reed, your Letter of the 4th. Instant giving an
Account of your Sickness, your Mother, myself & all our Family
were laid up with the Fever. She continues Still Sick, myself & the
rest are recovering, but very Slowly.

I am happy to hear by your Bror. George (from Colo. Jno. Mc-
intosh) that you are perfectly recovered; the severe spell you have had,
should teach you to be more careful of yourself hereafter.

I have Just taken in all the Crop Henry made for me this Year,
Consisting of not quite five bushels of Nubin Com, & not a single
bushel of pease - a horrid prospect of Subsistance even before people
can take in their Crops! neither have I any expectations in this part
of the State, all this Neighbourhood have made short Crops of pro-
vision & we can expect no Corn from Augusta till Late in the Spring,
therefore my whole dependance is from the Southward where you
informed me they generally made great Crops of Corn this Year,
& I must intreat you to exert yourself without delay for my relief,
for that purpose I inclose herein my Note payable to you or order
on demand for Seventeen pounds ( / 1 7 ) which I will part with any
thing to have the Cash ready for the payment of, & also an order upon
Sight on William Pengru Esqr. which I am sure will be paid im-

63. Bears note in hand of John Mcintosh: "Father's Letter 23d. Sept.
1786." This letter was not in the original Mcintosh collection but was re-
cently acquired by purchase.

143

mediately for ^^ 1 3 - thirteen pounds Specie, with this 30 Cash I
hope you will be able to procure so early in the Season 250. or 300.
bushels of Corn, the last Assembly have Limitted the price of Com
in the new paper Currency not to exceed half a dollar, & as mine will
be hard money perhaps you may get it at 2/1. per bushel, but at any
rate it must be had, and part of it immediately will be Necessary, which
I begg you will send in your Boat if no other opportunity offers &
probably some people may part with Corn for paving their Tax this
year, which I can easilv do, by sending you orders on the Treasury
when you inform me their Several Amounts, which will be better
for me than Cash, tho' the order on Pengru will be Cash.

To mend the Matter all my working Negroes left me last Night,
except old Sambo & Dolly who are Sick. Shadwell, Peter, Jemmie
(who returned about a Month ago) the Estate's old Sambo, and the
Wench, Bina, without any kind of reason that I know of, unless it
is the short prospect of provision, or the Shame of making so little.
As they carried away my Canoes I expect they are gone South-
wardly with intention of going to Florida or the Indian Nation which
they had in their heads. I request you will Leave no Means untryed
to intercept & take them for me.

As I have not a Canoe in the world now to Oyster or fish I wish
you would endevour to get one for me.

Dr. John

Yrs. affectionately
Lachn. Mcintosh.

[Endorsed:] John Mackintosh, Junr. Esqr.^^

on Cathead Creek near old Darien, on Alatamaha

Care of & to be forwarded immediately. By Geo. Mcintosh In Sa-
vannah

''Rough Copy of a Letter to ]no. Weriot, Esqr. Deer. fjSf

Skidoway Island 17th. Deer. 1787.
My Dear Sir I am sometimes inclined to be funny, but am now very
serious with you.^^ I hear you are Chosen one of the Convention,
which I am glad of, & flatter myself you will not think it either Im-
pertinent or Officious in a fellow Citizen to give his opinion in a
business of so high Importance to ourselves & our posterity as the
new Federal Constitution now Offered to your Consideration, and
more especially as our Legislature have thought proper to enter upon

64. John Mcintosh and his brother William retained the Scottish spelliTlg
of the name, Mackintosh.

65. This first sentence is crossed out in the manuscript.

144

it rather precipitately before the opinions of the other States are
known.

Some of the Men who framed this Constitution are the Wisest &
best that this, or perhaps any other Nation ever produced, yet with
all their good intentions and Abillitys if we thought them infalhble
their would be no Occasion to Appeal to the States & people at large,
who in Republican Governments ought at all times to think them-
selves the Ultimate & best Judges of their own Grievances & or Con-
veniencys.

The popularity of the Kramers is so great, that the public Voice
seems to be for adopting the Constitution in the Lump on its first
appearance as a perfect System without enquiry or Limitation of time
or Matter, Such hasty resolutions have Occasioned all the Misfor-
tunes that ever happened in Governments & it is realy astonishing^
to see people so reluctant lately to trust Congress with only 5 per Cent
duties upon Imports for a short time to pay the National Debt ex-
pressly, & so Jealous of the Sovereignty of their respective States so
eager now to yield these & every thing else into their hands for-
ever & to become the State, instead of United States of America, it
is indeed generally agreed as we might have expected that this Con-
stitution discovers great Judgement & Abillitys, & that the pressing
exigencies of our National Affairs requires Some Speedy & effec-
tual remedy.

If therefore we reject the whole or any part of it I fear we will
remain for a Considerable time at Least, without remedy in the same
unconnected State we now are in as it appears to be so constructed
that the whole or none of it must stand or fall together, & should
it be found Necessary to call another Convention of the United States
to Amend it, we cannot expect the last illustrious Members will Serve
again, & the determination of any others less dignified will not have
the Same general influence and may miscarry also.

Upon the other hand, the objections made to this Cons[ti]tution by
Mr. Gerry of Massachusetts, the Centinel of Pennsy[l]vania, & others
who dare express their Minds upon it so early, tho perhaps over
Cautious, appear Nevertheless to be very weighty, & if the remedy
should prove Worse than the Disease, what reason will their Con-
stituents & posterity have to blame^^ the Convention of Georgia in
whom they Confided and whose option it was, to adopt or reject
it for them, in either of these determinations there appears to me the
greatest dif [fjiculty, & as I had a wish to be in this Convento. I drew
up the inclosed Compromise as a Memorandum for myself, which I

66. The word "curious" is written above "astonishing" in the manuscript.

67. "reflect upon" is written above "blame" in the manuscript.

145

had some hopes might meet with the Wishes of all parties, either
with or without the Annexed Conditions & be adopted not only by our
own but some other States, especially the Southern States, who are
more particularly Interested, as they are, and ever will Continue from
their extent & other Circumstances the Minority in Congress therefore
it may be thought prudent at least for them at this time for Avoiding^^
the rocks on both sides of the question instead of binding ourselves
& posterity for ever to adopt the Constitution only for a certain
period of time during which they will have a fair tryal of its Effects,
& at the expiration of that time be at Liberty & have it in their own
power to adopt it again if they please for another period either with-
out or with any Amendments they may find Necessary, which prob-
ably will hereafter be done by Conventions, as the precedent is now
Set which is a New & far better Method of Settling public differences
than the old way of Cutting one anothers Throats; if we bind our-
selves & our posterity now, by adopting this Constitution without
any Conditions or Limitation of time, any efforts made there after
for redress of Grievances must be termed rebellion, as it will be im-
possible to obtain Amendments in the Mode proposed when the ma-
jority, which is observed will ever be against the Southern States,
find it their Interest to Continue them, & Men of influence are once
fixed in their Saddles.

It is known to have been long the intention of the Eastern & North-
em States to abolish Slavery altogether when in their power, which
however Just may not be convenient for us so soon as for them es-
pecially in a New Country & hot Climate such as Georgia, Let us
therefore keep the proper time for it in our own power while we have
it; this Constitution prolongs the time for 20 years more, which is
one reason for fixing upon that period in the Inclosed hints, as well
as to pay off our National incumbrances which it is conceived may
be done in that time when we have given up all our purse Strings,
for that purpose, without regard to our own particular engagements,
with even/ Mark of Attachment & respect I am Dr. Sir

Yr. obt. Hble. Servt.
L M

68. "to Avoid" is written above "Avoiding" in the manuscript.

146

Mcintosh to John Mcintosh.

Skidoway 9th. January 1788.^^
Dear John, I did not receive your Letter of the 26th, Deer, by Geo.
Baillie till this day, I had an intention of Leasing my few Negroes
this Year to Mr. Lang or Lillibridge at a certain rate to be paid Month-
ly as our Circumstances requires continual Supplies, but as you are
desirous of it, you may keep them another Year, and hope you will
make a better hand of them, than you have done since you came to
Georgia hitherto.

I could wish to see you soon here in Your Boat, & to bring Shad-
well Dolly & their Children, with you, for whom I would let you
have Will and Phebe, who are far abler Slaves, and as you say you
can easily procure me some Meat, I should be glad you bring me
about a thousand pounds weight of Bacon cured or aLive as you
think proper, as we have not got a Single Hogg to kill this year, nor
a farthing of Money to buy with, & as to Bread kind we may make
out with Economy, tho' if you could Spare it conveniently you might
bring twenty or thirty bushels of Corn with you.

The bearer Captain Lachlan Mcintosh''^ is a very old friend &
acquaintance of mine whom I reccommend to every Civilities in your
power, his two Sons are amongst the prominent Youths in So. Caro-
lina, the youngest of whom he has brought with him to get ac-
quainted with the Younger people of his own name in this State.

Could vou get my Cagg full of good Rum & cheaper at Frederica
than at Savannah for me?

I am Dear John Yours Affectionately
Lachn. Mcintosh
Mr. Jno. Mackintosh
[Endorsed: ] John Mackintosh Junr. Esq.
near Darien
Alatamaha
Hond, by Capt. L. Mackintosh

69. Original in Department of Archives and History, Atlanta, Georgia,
in Charles Ftancis Jenkins Collection. It is published liere with the per-
mission of the Department. It has a note on the back in John Mcintosh's
hand, "Father's Letter Jany. 1788."

70. This Lachlan Mcintosh was probably the son of Benjamin Mcintosh,
both of whom came to Georgia with the original settlers of Darien, 10 Jan-
uary 1736, and later removed to South Carolina. (E. M. Coulter and A. B.
Saye, eds., A List of the Early Settlers of Georgia. Athens, 1949, p. 85). He
died at Chehaw, South Carolina, July 9, 1789, at an advanced age. (The
Georgia Gazette, July 16, 1789.

147

''^Letter, to Major Hepvoorth Carter 4th. August ij88, Militia business
ivith Captains Connnission''''

St. Simons Island 4th. August 1788'^^
Dr. Sir Your letter of the 14th. Ulto. Inclosg. the commissions for
the Seventh Company of Col. Maxwells Regt. I receiv'd a few days
ago; and immediatly call'd a Muster in order to publish them & to
make a return to you agreable to your Orders, wh. I herewith inclose.
Your other letter never came to hand, otherwise I shou'd have at-
tended to it, & the Order of Council is of no use to any of the Com-
pany as not one man belonging to it suffer'd any thing bv the Indians.
You will oblige me much by procuring a copy of the Militia Law &
send it by the first opportunity, as I am much at a loss how to act
without it; I likewise wou'd be glad to receive Advice from the
Colonel what Steps shou'd be taken with the men in case of Mutiny,
or disobedience of Orders as a very great Majority seem inclind that
way & I believe prevaild on, by the late officers of the Company
who were chosen by themselves; Indeed I discover'd a general disatis-
faction on the field when the Commds. were publish'd & particularly
against Mr. Baskett the Second Lieutenant, under whom I am in-
form'd they have expressed a determination not to serve unless com-
pell'd by force of Arms, & in a day or two the command of the
Company will devolve on him as I shall go for Augusta, & my Brother
has very pressing Business to the Southward wh. will detain him Six
or Eight Weeks, so that unless Instructions are given very shortly
how to Act, Mr. Basketts Authority will be ridicul'd & the Island
remain in the same Situation, as it has hitherto been.
[Endorsed:] (On PubHc Service) Majr. Hepworth Carter Liberty
Point

Invitation, May 12, ijpi.

The Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Savannah present their
Compliments to Genl. Mcintosh and request the favor

of his Company to dinner at Three OClock this day at Brown's Coffee-
House. Thursday May 12th ijgi''^
[Endorsed:] The Honble. Genl Mcintosh

''Mordecai SheftaWs State of Facts, dated 6 June ijpi.
No. 18''''^

Gentm. By the Inclosed Valuation of Master workemen, you will

71. In an unknown hand.

72. This was the dinner given by the Mayor and Aldermen of Savannah
in honor of President George Washington on his visit to Savannah, May
12-15, 1791.

73. In Sheftall's hand.

148

see, what a Considerable Sum of money I have advanced towards
the Improvement, of Yamacraw, a Sum far Short, in my oppinion,
off what I realy Expended. Yet tis such a Sum, that no man can
suppose, I would, have laid out, had I had the most distant Idea that,
the Titles General Elbert gave me where not good, and that the
Property was Subject, to the debts, of John Rae Esqr the Elder as I,
& I believe most people in the State who knew any thinge of Mr Rae,
supposed him to have died, as clear of debts, as most men in the
State, & with as ample a fortune, the Contrary now appears, and
must have been Known, by Genl. Elbert, at the time, he made the
Sale to me.

You therefore. Gentlemen, I have no doubt, will do me ample
Justice, and allow such damages, as you thinke, a man in my ad-
vanced State of Life, ought to have, who has lost upwards of Six
Years, of his time, in improveing a property which he thought was
for the Benefite of his own family, and which now he is obliged to
deliver up, for want of Sufficient Titles, from the Seller, who pre-
vious to his death put it out of my power, to make my Self whole,
out of his Estate, You will allso, be pleased to observe, that it was
Eighteen Months, or thereabout, before I could possibly get the
place, put into any order, so as to make it fetch me in any thinge,
the Interest on the money advanced, must be Considerable it may
be urged, that I have not made the payments Agreeable to my bonde,
to this I say that in Feby. 1787 I made a tender of upwards of Three
Thousand pounds, in Certificates, to the Publick Treasurer, on the
bonde for the white Oake, which he refused to receive as I can make
appear, by a Certificate, signed by Colonl. Gunn and others, after
which Mr McQueen, & others, intimated to me the precarious foot-
ing, I held that property on, which was the reasons, that induced me,
to withold, the Certificates, well Knowing then, that I had all ready
made so great a Sacrifice for the Interest of my Self & family. Upon
the whole Ge[n]tlemen well Knowing that You both are Men of
Strict probity and Honor, I shall rest fully satisfied, with Your de-
termination

and am very respectfully Gentm. Your

Mosst Humble Servant

Mordecai Sheftall Savannah 6th June 1791
General MacKintosh &
Richd Wylly Esquiers

[Endorsed:] General Lachln. Mcintosh and Richd Wylly E^qrs Sa-
vannah

149

''Copy of my Letter to Mr. John Wereat at Philadelphia
23d. June ';>/"

Savannah 23d. June 1791.
Dear Sir, I was happy to hear from the Captains Burrows and Wal-
lington that you and Mrs. Fishbourn were Safe arrived at Philadelphia
and had so good a Passage, but would have been much better Satis-
fyed to know it more particularly under your own hand, and tell
Mr[s] Fishbourn'^^ that I conceive I have a sort of Claim (tho an
old Fellow) to some Account from herself of the Voyage, her re-
ception at, & how her opinion of that Metropolis, &ca. &ca.

I must at any rate my Dr. Sir request that you will inform me
by the first & every Subsequent Opponunity what you have, or
may be able to do with the Secretary of the Treasury or the Board
of Claims respecting my Certificates and public Accounts; there is
no Chance, nor can I ever think of Funding them as a State As-
sumption Debt for there is such an inundation of (the infamous)
O'Brvan & Wades Certificates and of Various kinds unknown or
unthought of before poured into Wvllvs office that instead of 300
thousand dollars which the Law allows this State to fund, I expect
three Millions will be Entered, therefore if no better can be done,
I request vou will Send me as soon as possible an Authenticated Cer-
tificate of the Sum the Board of Claims will please to allow me for
my Services & the Moneys I advanced for the Continental Service in
its greatest distress with the Interest due thereon, the Amount of
which Certificate I will deduct & give up to the State of Georgia
which I have no kind of Confidence or dependance on, & will apply
to Congress for that Amount if I can get it in time.

Genl. Wayne who proposes going in the Georgia Packet Capt.
Burrows will be the bearer of this and will give vou any Little News
Stirring here. I am Dr. Sir

Yr. most obt. humble Servt.
Lachn. Mcintosh
Honle. John Wereat Esqr.

I gave an order to John Sutcliff, drawn by CoUo. Ben. Hawkins
at Keowee River near five Years ago upon Gervais & Owens in
Charleston for Sixty three pounds Sterling, or more for mv Sallery
fi^oing up as a Commissioner of Congress to the Indian Treaty at
that time which has not been paid Yet, & have desired Mr. Sutcliff
to send an attested Copy or the Original Order to you, to present
to the Secretary of the Treasury which Surely he cannot refuse pay-
ing now with interest.

74. Wereat's daughter, Ann, who married Col. Benjamin Fishbourn.

150

"John Wereat Esqr. Philadelphia n. July '91 ucith Copy of Amur.
to it I ph. Augt. ijpi Packet Burroivs."

Philadelphia nth. July 1791''^
Dear Sir I was favored with your Letter of the 23rd. June by Gen-
eral Wayne, and am sorry to inform you that I fear nothing can be
done in your business without an application to the Legislature, The
Officers say that it was a transaction with the State of Georgia and
must be settled there, that it was optional with the Claimant to settle
with the State or the Commissioner of Army Accounts and that he
had made his election by settling with the former.

Upon my laying the business before the Commissioners I was told
that as General Mcintosh's Account was settled by the State of Geor-
gia it was consequently in that Office as a part of the claim of the
State of Georgia against the United States and that nothing could be
done with it there. Air. Kean told me there were several similar ap-
plications from the State of South Carolina but without success.

If you had returned the Certificates issued by me and taken Pierce's
final Settlements there could have been no difficulty in the business,
this was done by Major Lucas & General Elbert whose accounts were
settled before his arrival in Georgia.

Suppose you was to state the business by Memorial to the next
Legislature, give up your State Certificate to the United States
Treasury to be made a charge against the State, upon the U. States
assumption of the Debt, this would be but just as the services were
of a public, not a local nature, and the State hath engaged to pay
both principal & Interest in Specie and must have a specie Credit
in her Accounts; or if you think it a better mode make a written
application to the State Loan Officer, and get his answer thereto,
which if you will transmit to me with your instructions every atten-
tion shall be paid thereto. Pardon me my dear Sir for offering any
thing like advice to you who are so much more capable of judging
on the business.

I find our Citizens are injured by the settlements made with the
State not only of the interest on their claims from the times of service
or supply, but also in the difference of the depreciation between
the Scale of Congress and that of the State, but there is no obtaining
a revision, and it is said the State hath no right to receive more than
she pays, but these circumstances were not known at the time the
settlements were made.

We had a most agreeable and pleasant passage, arriving in this
City on Saturday morning the 28th. May and within the Capes on the

75. In Wereat's hand.

151

preceeding Wednesday night, and here let me tell you how much
I am indebted to you for your advice previous to my leaving Georgia,
every thing you predicted exceeded my expectation in the reception
of Nancy and her child; after Landing we halted a little at the
Indian Queen to make enquiry, in a few minutes Mr. Emlen who
lives in the same street was retur[n]ing from Market & was called
in, who carried us to his house where we were very soon surrounded
by a great many Friends; if their pleasing conduct to alF'' their
gentle and engaging manners, and the universal harmony that I have
attentively observed amongst them are the effects of their religious
tenets, I feel my self almost a Quaker. On the Monday morning after
our arrival. Doctor Griffitts who married poor Fishboum's young-
est Sister gave Eliza the Small Pox by inoculation; the City was full
of it and it was very fatal in the natural way, this mode was univer-
sally advised and the consequences almost exceeded our wishes; except
the fever that precedes the eruption there was nothing the matter
with her; she now goes to school and is in a fair way of being civilized.

Having said so much about our friends and the friends, I take the
liberty to enclose you their address to the National Assembly of
France, with the President's Answer, both of which I think you
will like, and if they are not already made public in Georgia, they
would not disgrace a Page in Mr. Johnston's Paper, or the Latitude
of the Bahama Islands if the Printer pleases^^ to insert them.

You will naturally expect to be informed what progress I have made
in the business which brought me hither. I am sorry to say very little.
The Claims of our State not having the proper documents and
vouchers to support them in the usual way, the Commissioners have
been reminded of the equitable powers they are clothed with and
ought to exercise upon the claims of the State of Georgia, but as
one of their number Mr. Langdon has been absent ever since my
arrival, Mr. Irvine and Mr. Kean don't choose to enter upon the
discussion 'till Mr. Langdon returns and there is a full Board; there-
fore little has been done but to exhibit the claims within the time
prescribed and to endeavor to make some few explanations when they
have been asked for. With great esteem & regard

I am, Dear Sir,

Your obliged friend & Servt.
John Wereat
[The following note is written at the end of this letter.]

I thank you my Good General for your kind enquiry after me.
You will find before the receipt of the above, that I have done what
was indispensably my duty, I wrote you by the Sloop Polly Capt.

76. "behavior" is written just above "conduct" in the manuscript.

77. "dares" is written just above "pleases" in the manuscript.

152

Collings bound for Savannah, which I hope before this time has safely
arrived, in that Letter was mention'd our safe arrival and the recep-
tion we met with my friends, there tenderness and hospatahty exceeds
my most sangune expectations. Good night for it is going on to one
O Clock, may you experience every happiness here, and hereafter, is
the wish of your gratful, and Affectionate

Ann Fishbourn

Mcintosh to Wereat.

Savannah 13th. Augt, 1791^^
Dr. Sir: Yr. kind favor of the nth. July by Burrows lies before
me and thank you for it. I shall realy think it hard to say no worse of
it if you can get no redress for me either from the Board of Claims or
the Secretary of the Try. You know we all Settled our Accots. in
Georgia in obedience to an Act of our State, and after we dispaired
of any Commissioners coming from Congress for that purpose, and
after Major Pierce did at Length come, you may remember, he de-
ferred entering upon my Account until! he returned again, which
never happened, otherwise I would have my Certificates Changed
as General Elbert & Major Lucas had, therefore it would be unjust
to punish me for the Neglect or fault of their own Officers. Major
Pierce did not Leave so much as a Certificate for the Amount of my
Accots. as he did of the rest, not having examined it yet. They need
not fear that doing me Justice in this Case will be any precedent to
their disadvantage as our State Led the way, and taught her Citizens
to be Speculators, & have by that Means got all the Certificates of
her Line of the Continental Army into her own Treasury for Little
or Nothing, except the few I have myself, nor indeed were any of
them in the same predicament with Mine. You know that I exhausted
myself to Support, & prevent the disbanding of an Army under my
immediate care, which the State used every Means to depress and
anihilate, and was unfortunately the Case soon after I left them. I
will at any rate be much obliged to you my dear Sir to get as much
of my Accounts as the Board pleases to allow properly Certified,
& sent to me by Post or other Speedier Conveyance, calculating the
Just Interest thereon & by the proper Scale of depreciation, that I
may apply again to the Loan Office as vou direct, or to Congress,
if you cannot any other way get me redressed where you are, &
while you remain in Philadelphia, which I still hope through your
friendly exertions may be done, in a Matter so extremely reasonable,
& would otherwise discriminate me, who have been Litterally ruined
by my exertions & Singular Situation from the rest of my Brothers

78. This reply, In Mcintosh's hand, is on the back of above letter.

153

Soldiers throughout the Continent. &ca. you will please to recollect
that the Limits for funding expires the 30th. Sept. next Mo. that I
ought to do Some thing before it Elapses, and to apply to the Secry.
of the Try. for Colo. Hawkins order mentioned in my last, pray
pardon this Scrawl as I am in a great hurry; it will be delivered by
Colo. Barb [our ?] of Virginia who is a particular friend of mine,
& you will find him worthy of yr. acquaintance; he lived some Years
on the Mississippi. Complemts, &c. &ca.
[Endorsed:] Major General Mcintosh Savannah

''State of the fivances of Georgia i'j9i. fro?n Governor T elf airs

Address to the Legislature^

Extract from Telfairs Speech to the Legislature the 9th. Novr. 1791

Warrants have been
drawn on ttie Treasurer

Chargeable to the civil

establishmt. 1791.

to contingent fund 1791.

to do 1790

to special appro-
priation 1790
to do do 1791.

To which add the expendi-
tures of 1790 as report-
ed last Session, Vizt.
civil establishment
contingent fund, &
incidental charges
special appropriations
This statement has been
duly audited.

Total Amot.

should be

last

Civil

Establish-
ment

Contingent
Fund

Special
Appropria-
tion

2,275.0.0
882.7.5
257.18.6

2,275

882.7.5
257.18.6

57.8.8
1,391.12.5

57.8.8
1,319.12.5

4,792.7.0

2,275.0.0

1,140.5.11

1,377.1.1

2,140.13.8

2,140.13.8

389.10.11
32.3.0

389.10.11

32.3.

7,354.14.7

4,415.13.8

1,529.16.10

1,409.4.1

from which it appears, that the civil establishmt. for the two years
last past Amots. to /4,4i5.i3.8 the contingent funds to / 1,5 2 9.1 6/1 od.
making together ^5,945. 10/6. to which being added ^1,409.4/1 spe-
cial appropriations for both years, the total Amot. of Governor's
Warrants issued during the said period is ^{^ 7,354. 14/7. to the sum of
^5,945. 10/6 may be added ^2, 505. 17/3. of President's and Speaker's
orders for the years 1790, and 1791, making the sum of ^8,450.17/9.
being the Actual expenditures for the support of Government for
the said Years.

There is a surplus on the Contingent funds of ;^ 1,195.3/2 subject
to future appropriations. The sum of ^^430. special appropriations to
be provided for out of the Taxes of 1791. has not yet been applied
for. The fund provided for payment of arrearages due the late
Delegates of Congress is deficient 66j.o/^6. There is /125 ap-
propriated to the State Agent also not drawn for.

154

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Of the Specie Sum of ^T 258,5/1 1 '/z, there is unapp[rop]riated
;^35.i7/2'/2 - X^93.2/. of the said Specie is appropd. in favor of Wm.
Few; and ^^ 129,6/9, the remainder of Said Specie Sum, together with
/866,o/3-3%d, in Tobacco, and ;^352 in Rice, (being a Surplus
now in the Treasury arising out of the payment of the Taxes of the
Year 1790) are appropriated, and Subject to the charge of 181.14/id.
in Governor's Warrants outstanding drawn on the Taxes of 1790,
also to the discharge of ^^i 0,1 2/4. Presidents and Speakers orders of
said year, making together ^i92.6/5d. The bonded debts due by
individuals to the State, will no doubt form a part of your deliberation,
when the arrangement of the finances is entered upon.

Two communications from the Secretary of the State, one con-
cerning a file in his office, containing returns of certain claims arising
in consequence of the ravage of War, the other a Statement of Loans
from the Loan Office of the late province, now State, are herewith
transmitted. Returns of Indian depredations will also be furnished.

You will readily observe that no accurate Statement of the outstand-
ing State securities can be adduced, as many individuals have doub[t]-
less availed themselves of funding in the loan office of the United
States. In order more clearly to elucidate the Finances, as well as to
effect a speedy detection of counterfeits, it will be expedient to open
a fund for the purpose of taking in the outstanding securities of every
denomination (except such expenditures and appropriations as have
arisen during the two preceding Years) with such claims as may
hereafter be Liquidated to the several State claimants: and issue
funded Certificates to cancell the Same, for the extinguishment of
which, as well as aiding the annual exigencies, your existing funds
ought to be appropriated; by a proceedure of this nature, the outstand-
ing claims against the State will be Speedily absorbed, funds con-
tributing to the support of Government established, and the burden
of taxation considerably lessened. To creat[e] cheques, and define
the duties of the several revenue Officers, might also be comprehended
in this System.

One of the essential objects of government is to lighten the pressure
of taxation in as great a degree as possible, and I am happy to have
it in my power to inform you, that one half of the sum raised by
taxes for the year last past, together with the Surpluses of the taxes
of 1790 and 1 79 1, will suffice for the present Year; a diminution
of the taxes taking place, and abuses and waste of Specific articles,
may be inducements to lay the Tax of the current year in Specie. &ca.
&ca.'^

79. Back of the paper contains calculations for above tabulations.

156

William Mackintosh, Jr. to Lachlan Mcintosh.

Great St. Simon's Island Novr. 8th. 1792.*"
Dear Sir, Mr. Spalding has been threatning these several days to set
of[f] for Savannh. I intended to write fully to you (by him) as
promiss'd in my last, but Mr, Spalding's going was so uncertain that
I did not set down to continue my detail from Page 17; have only
time now to inform by Capt. Parker who takes an unexpected passage,
that the Negro's are all well. I have got my whole force at present
with Mr. Fabian at my Brother Johns place, finding the Land so
good there we are to clear largely for Plenty of Provissions and Cotton,
and as Mr. Fabian is call'd so good an Indigo planter and appears so
anxious to attempt it I mean to plant about thirty Acres which will
be about suffect. for two setts of Vatts, But shall not attempt to get
stuff ready for the Vatts untill you send forward your Opinion
respecting the Indigo Business. As soon as I get pritty well advanced
in clearing at Mr. Fabians mean to take the hands with the assistance
of Mr. Fabian and his old hands to finish my clearing at St. Clair
where I mean also to plant plenty of Provissions and some Cotton.

Peter has not yet return'd which makes me very uneasy; I hope
you don't mean to keep the two prime young Fellows I sent with
him, the loss of them will discourage me much. I Flatter myself with
the assistance of these two Negro's that at the end of twelve Mo. I
will Nt. [?] as much as any same number of new hands ever did.

I cannot conclude without mentioning to you your new Daughter,
she is at present very 111 indeed, the Little Boy is well, the little Girl
very poorly. I am Dear Father your most Affectionate Son

W, Mackintosh jr.
General Mcintosh
[Endorsed:] General Lachlan Mackintosh Savannah

Favd. by Capt. Parker

''''John Fabian''s Agreement.''''

It is agreed on this the 20th. of Decemr. 1792 Between John Fabian
of the one part and William Mackintosh jr.^^ of the other Part, that
the said Wm. Mcintosh will put with the said Jno. Fabian Twelve
Negro's say. Eleven Fellows and One Wench for the purpose of
Clearing Fifty Acres of Land at a place known by the Name of St.
Clair place on the Island of Great St. Simon's, Which said Fifty
Acres of Land the said Jno. Fabian Obliges himself to have in due
time in propper Order for planting and Inclos'd with a New Fence
which is to be Eleven Rails and a Rider high the Rails all to be Twelve

80. In hand of William Mcintosh, Jr.

81. This paper is in hand of William Mcintosh, Jr. and is marked "Copy
For General Mackintosh."

157

feet long. The said Jno. Fabian to have the Said Fifty Acres of Land
planted as the said Wm. Mcintosh may direct with Cotton Corn
Pease Potatoes &ca. Wm. Mcintosh to find Seed for said purpose.
The Crop to be in the Ground as soon or nearly as soon as that
of the Plantation where the said Jno. Fabian with His Family now
Live, and to be attended with full as much care, And when the Crop
is made which must be at or nearly about the time when all other
Crops of a Similar Nature are made on the Said Island of Great St.
Simons in the Year 1793, Wm. Mcintosh is to pay the said Fabian
Twenty pounds Sterling. Mr. Fabian to take very particular care of
the Health of the Negro's and not Expose them two much in case
he shou'd find himself short of time in getting the Ground in Planting
Order or backward in the Crop. For the true Performance of this
Agreement the Parties Bind themselves each to the other in the Penal
Sum of Two hundred pounds Sterling in Witness whereof they set
their Hands and Seals the Day Month and Year Before Written.

Jno. Fabian Seal

W. Mackintosh jr. Seal

(Present)
Joshua Parker.

Justus H. Scheuber to Mcintosh.

To General Lachlan Mcintosh! ^^
Georgia

Chatham County

Sir.' Thinking it necessary, to ascertain the boundaries of Constitu-
tion hill tract, I have appointed Friday the twenty eight instant (if
a fair day, if not, the next fair day after) to resurvey the same, and
understanding that you are the Proprietor of Lot No. 5. Second
tything Anson Ward, which joins me to the South, I would be very
glad could you attend either yourself or by a Person properly au-
thorized by You, accompanied with the Grant, Plat, resurvey or
other Document in your Power, usefuU in ascertaining the Lines,
to enable the County Surveyor to do Justice to all Parties, and for
which reason I have thought proper to give this early Notice, and
am with great Esteem Sir

Your Most obedt. & Humble Servant

Justus H. Scheuber
Savannah the i8th. June 1799.

82. In Scheuber's hand.

158

''Ac cot. of the State of Georgia at the beginning
of the Revolution^

From a Georgian to a So. Carolinian
Sir, In compliance with your request I will give you a Brief and
impartial State of public affairs in Georgia, & So. Carolina which
I am the better enabled to do as I was a principle Actor in most of
the Transactions of the former but in order to understand them the
better it will be necessary to have a reprospect further back, in which
the Conduct of both Sides shall be freely Treated as they appear to
deserve. So. Carolina tho not populous was rich & upon the Strength
of that alone entered early in the opposition & with Spirited measures
But the Colony of Georgia did not Join in the Association of the
others altho there were some attempts made untill late in the Summer
of 1775, when they sent Dr. Zubly, Jo. Houstoun & Ar. Bulloch to
Represent them in Congress for the first time, what the little parish
of St. Johns did before is not worth attention, for this Delay there
were many reasons, some prudential, and others from necessity, this
Colony was the Youngest of the thirteen, & tho extensive was, from
various defects & mismanagements in its first foundation & settle-
ment thinly Inhabited, never amounting to 3000 Men at most & these
widely Scattered over a great Space of Country and was also the
Southern frontier of the whole, exposed almost on every Side to
incursions from the most Numerous & warlike Tribes of Savages in
No. America & the adjoining Provinces of East & West Florida each
of which had a Military force and which Justifys their Caution of not
entering rashly into Measures of Such Magnitude, altho' there were
some Men who without considering these circumstances were for
rushing violently into them from Motives of Ambition Avarice &
their own^^ Circumstances again, the Number of public Officers in
that weak Colony were equal to those in the most populous, they
were also of so long Standing and had so many advantages of which
they did not fail to make the best use for themselves that they with
their dependants possessed perhaps half the property in the Country
which with the Straighten'd circumstances of the rest gave them
greater Influence by far than in any of the other Colonys and re-
tarded their first Exertions greatly, and when considered altogether
with various other dificultys they had to surmount will^* distinguish
the Patriots of Georgia beyond any other on the Continent, when they
once determined they entered into Measures with a Spirit equal at

83. "entering into their considerations" is written above "considering
these circumstances," "or" is above "&" and "disparate" is above "own"
in the manuscript.

84. "numberless' is written above "various," "must" above "will" in the
manuscript.

159

least to any of these Colonys which had much less to fear, dis-
daining every Consideration of Property & Life, both of which must
always be remmembered was thought to be in iminent danger in the
beginning which greatly enhances the Merit of the first promoters
of our Revolution. In Novr. 1775 Congress voted one Regmt. of
Infantry to be raised in Georgia and established 2 Regiments of In-
fantry one of Artillery and one of Horse that had already been raised
by So. Carolina which was certainly the full propertion according
to the number in each had they Stopt their

[The manuscript breaks off abruptly.]

*'Accot. of the Indian Tribes within the Limits Ceded to the United

States"

The Indian Nations within the Limits ceded to the United States
are as follows, Vizt.
North of the River Ohio are,

The Mohawks about 80 men. 1779

Cuyugas

70

Onieda's

20

Onondagoe's

100

Seneca's

1500

Tuscarora's

130

1,900

The Western Indians are

The Shawaanees abot. 300 Men,

Delawares

400

Wiandots

400.

Mingoes

200

1,300

The Kickapoo's

abot. 250

Piankishaw's 180

Kaskashkes 70

500.

3,700.

these are the famous Six Nations,
or, Northern Confederacy, of whom
the Mohawks are the head, and all
are Settled on the heads, or
branches of Hudson's, Delaware
and Alegany Rivers, & smaller wat-
ers running into the Lakes Ontatio
& Champlain, in the Northern or
back part of N. York State, a very
mountainous Country.

were originally from Savanna
River in Georgia, a brave little
Tribe, now Settled on the Miami
of Ohio, and the Miami of Lake
Erie

these are intermarried & Settled
with the Shawaanes, & upon Lake
Erie, & Muskingm. River, the Min-
gos are outlayers, or Strollers of
the Seneca Nation, mixed with the
other three Tribes, and are alto-
gether those brave Western Indians
who defeated the Generals Bradock,
Grant, Boquet, Lewis & Sinclair.

These three small Tribes are set-
tled between the Wabash and Mis-
sissippi, & upon Illinois Rivers, not
accustomed to War, & therefore of
Little consideration.

fighting Men altogether North of
the River Ohio, & Limits of the
United States

160

The Chipwaas, are Call'd 5,000. Men, and comprehends a number of
small Tribes under that general Name, Settled
North side of the great lakes in the British
Teritory.

South of the Ohio River, are, The Chickisaws. about, 700. Men

Cherokees 2,500.

Cutabaws (remnt.
of several Trs.) 50.

Upper & Lower
Creeks includ-
ing the Eutchees 5,000.

Chactaw's, inclu-
ding a remnant
of the Notches 3,750.

Fighting Men 12,000

Mcintosh to Elisha B. Hopkins^^

Louisville Feby 6th. 1797
Dear Sir

I have written you fully dated at Sunbury, and have reason to be-
lieve my letters went duly to Hand, I then advised you of a draft
in favor of Mr Cole, Six Hundred Dollars payable to a Mr Crawford
of your City, and also of a draft in favor of Thomas Collier twelve
Hundred and thirty Dollars the last of which Mr Collier informs me
was paid, the first could not reach you because I recalled it, two days
after the Bills Issued and paid the Aloney; but why have I not heard
from any of you, my business at this place was the opening a Canal,
but so much are the attentions of the mighty engaged, so loud the
roar of Contending factions, that the low voice of general benefit,
resulting from the application of individual exertion to common
Interest, cannot be heard, or if heard would be unheeded the face
of faction on this Spott represents to my mind, the flight of two
large flocks of birds, from opposite directions about to perch on the
same tree, they mingle indisscriminately on the limbs, a noise alarms
them they take wing, & each follows the flock he belonged to, they
wheel return, approach each other and again fly of[f]. Issues are
uncertain, on every Subject, nor can they be foreseen, but I am diss-
posed to think we shall represent to the World a new political phe-
nomona, the angry grow mild, and hungry dissappointment Kiss the
Hand that unloosed her grasp of the Hysperian fruit. Ask Gu[n]

85. This letter is in Collections of the Georgia Society. Colonial Dames
of America, deposited with the Georgia Historical Society. It is published
with their permission. It bears the note, "Copy to E. B. Hopkins from Lach.
Mcintosh dated Louisville Febry. 6th. 1797."

161

why he has neglected his friends, he ought to have been in Georgia,
power is fascinating and the want of pubUck Confidence a Serious
Missfortune in a government hke ours, to have restored what we lost
by the last Legislature I went every length and would yet have have
gone further. If more Space had been allowed, the Celebrated Mr
Van alien has not approached the Metropolis since my arrival at it,
so much for News. I wish Allisons instruction how I am to act, and
to wait for reply is my present Determination, Some of his papers,
has travelled to this State, finding accidentally that an eye was fixed
on my papers, I have withdrawn all Titles before they become re-
corded, I wished thro' me that no advantages would be taken of
Him, the trouble of redrawing them is inconsiderable, and vou Know
there are Attachment Laws, and the property he possesses in this
Country although bought low, is much two valuable to be lightly
brought into Jeopardy. Commune with Him on this business and
let me know his wishes, and be you, and he assured, they shall be
complied with

This will be accompanied by a Sett of Bills drawn at this place
in favor of William Pollard & Co. Merchants, at the Stipulatated
Sight, and will be in full of the ballance (lef[t] in your Hands by
me, the Sum three Hundd. and Seventy Dollars, which with the Bills
payable to Collier make the Sixteen Hundred.^*^ Make my respects
acceptable to Mrs. Hopkins, and believe me

Dear Sir with much respect
Yrs. Sincerely
Lac: Mcintosh
Feby 6th. 1797
Major Hopkins

Commend me to all of the Household Chesnut Street

L M

86. This sentence is crossed out in the manuscript.

162

INDEX

AARON, George, carries off Negroes, 54

ADAIR, , mentioned, 30, 33

ALEXANDER, James, in Disqualification
Act, 94

ALLEN, Capt., confirms report on depreda-
tions, 11 ; report on troops at St. Augus-
tine, 12

ALLISON, Henry, signs recommendation of
Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Georgia Line, 97

ALLISON, Mr., mentioned, 162

ALSTON, William, permitted to go to N. C,
14

ALTAMAHA (Alatamaha) River, fort to be
built. 6 ; garrisoned, 12, 15, 42, 48, 58 ;
scouts to range, 15, 16, 17, 18 ; mention-
ed, 22 ; fort on First Landing, 28 ; orders
for detachment at First Landing, 28-9 ;
posts to be visited, 35 ; to be secured, 42 ;
enemy advanced to, 46 ; measures for de-
fense, 58

AMELIA Island, situation of, 64-6

AMMUNITION, shortages, 18, 54

ANDREW, Benjamin, accused of importing
British goods, 68 ; Wereat's opinion of,
68, 71 ; accused of breaking constitution,
71 : in Disqualification Act, 93

ARMED Boats, sent to strategic places, 15 ;
requested for Dividings, 58

AUGUSTA, Parker and Jamison encamped
opposite, 77 : presentments of grand jury
concerning, 88

BACON, John, in Disqualification Act, 95
BAILLIE, Alexander, listed as Tory, 57 ;
said to be spy, 67 ; not related to Mcin-
tosh, 68
BAILLIE, George, mentioned, 147
BAILLIE, James, measures to protect plan-
tation, 52 ; robbed, pursues party, 54
BAILLIE, John, mentioned, 99
BAILLIE, Nancy, mentioned, 100
BAILLIE, Robert, listed as Tory, 57; let-
ter on conditions at home, 98-100
BAILLIE, Mrs. Robert (sister of Lachlan

Mcintosh), mentioned, 99
BAIRD, Sir James, victory over Georgia

brigade, 78
BAKER, Col. John, part of regiment at
Fort Howe, 48 ; action on Amelia Island,
64-5 ; makes troops sign petition against
Mcintosh, 68 ; mentioned, 63
BAKER, John, Sr., in Disqualification Act,

93
BAKER, Old, mentioned, 53n

BAKER, William, in Disqualification Act,
93

BALFOUR, Col., mentioned, 98

BARBOUR, Col., mentioned, 154

BARCLAY, Capt. Andrew, mentioned, 1 ;
lands on Hutchinson Island, 2 ; asks ces-
sation of hostilities, 3 ; sailed away, 10

BARD, John, Capt. Georgia Line, 97

BARRINGTON, warned of Indians, 30;
mentioned, 35, 37 ; provisions sent to, 36 ;
Mcintosh to go there, 58 ; see also Fort
Barrington, Fort Howe

BARRINGTON, Jessiah, witness in mur-
der case, 50

BARTLEMY, Mr., buys stolen slaves, 86

BASKETT, Lt., mentioned, 140 ; militia
determined not to serve under, 148

BEAL, Jonathan, witness in murder case,
50

BEAMS, Lt., leave to return to Carolina,
38

BEARD, Valentine, allowed to return to
N.C., 11 ; ordered to Fort Barrington, 12

BEARD'S Bluff, stockade to be built, 16,
17, 21 ; attacked, 29, 30, 37, 58 ; relief
sent, 30 ; details of attack, 31-3 ; post
again manned, 32 ; company behaved
shamefully, 33 ; post vacant, 34 ; men-
tioned, 35 ; to be maintained to last, 42

BEAUFORT, S. C, Georgia troops at, 13

BEECHER, Lt., possibility of exchange, 29

BELCHER, William, president Liberty So-
ciety, circular, 73-4

BELL, Mr., taken prisoner, 15

BELLINGER, Mr., says George Mcintosh
no traitor, 68 ; affidavit mentioned, 73

BENEFIELD, John, on grand jury. 89

BEVAN, Joseph Vallance, papers mention-
ed. Introduction

BILBO (Bilbas), John, attends council, 81;
death mentioned, 113

BISEL ship at Tybee, 10

BLAND, Col. Theodoric, keeps enemy from
Augusta, 110, 126 ; statement on Mcin-
tosh mentioned, 112 ; comes to Georgia
with Mcintosh, 123

BLUNT, Dr., treats ill soldiers, 55

BOARD of Claims, opinions on accounts and
claims, 126-9 ; Mcintosh can get no re-
dress from, 153

BOND, George, deputy secretary to Con-
gress. 86

BOOKER, Gideon, Capt. Georgia Line, 97

BOSTICK (Bostwick), Capt. Chesley, sent
to Beard's Bluff, 30, 32, 34 ; report on

163

Beard's Bluff, 34 ; mentioned, 36, 41 ;
orders to, 42 ; in Disqualification Act,
95 ; on grand jury, 89

BOSTICK, Littleberry, in Disqualification
Act, 95

BOSTON, British defeat mentioned, 60

BOWEN, Oliver, report on ships at Tybee,
10 ; to be given assistance, 44 ; mention-
ed, 53 ; in Disqualification Act, 93

BOWMAN, Joshua, member court martial,
74

BOUNTY Lands, Mcintosh to have first
choice, 129-30. 136, 137; amount Mcin-
tosh entitled to, 130-1 ; letters on land
Mcintosh wants, 135-8 ; survey for Wil-
liam Mcintosh, 136 ; Gov. Houstoun's
opinion on. 139-40

BOYD, Adam, judge advocate of court mar-
tial, 75

BRADDOCK, John, in Disqualification Act,
94

BRADSHAW, , goes to Savannah, 53

BRASSARD, See Brossard

BRENTFORD, Kings of, alluded to, 71

BRBWTON Hill Plantation, guarded, 2

BRIAR Creek, battle mentioned. 124

BRICKELL. John, letter to Mcintosh, 100-
01

BRIGHT & Perliins, commissioned for mili-
tary supplies, 25

BRISBANE, Adam Fowler, in Disqualifica-
tion Act, 94

BRITISH, men of war at Tybee, 1, 5, 9, 10,
12 ; unsuccessful in attaclis, 21 ; defeats
mentioned to Indians, 60 ; Regulars at-
taclc Amelia Island, 64-5 ; capture Savan-
nah, 78, 85 ; retreat to Briar Creelc, 86

BROAD River, scouts to range, 16, 17 ;
posts to be manned, 20 ; Light Horse at,
26 ; posts mentioned, 33 ; mentioned, 76

BROSSARD (Brassard), Celeron, Capt.
Georgia line, 97

BROUGHTON Island, mentioned, 14, 15

BROWN, Francis, in Disqualification Act,
93

BROWN, Col. Thomas, besieges Fort Mcin-
tosh, 41 ; takes post on Satilla, 46

BROWNSON, Nathan, return of troops sent
to, 24-5 ; letter to 37-8 ; in Disqualifica-
tion Act, 93 ; elected governor, 100

BRYAN, Jonathan, commissioner for Cher-
okee treaty, 63 ; in Disqualification Act,
94

BRYAN'S Cowpen, mentioned. 77

BRYDIE. David, in Disqualification Act, 95

BUFFALO Lick, company stationed, 26, 30;
stockade to be built, 33

BUGG, Capt. Jeremiah, orders to, 33 ; re-
signs commission, 41

BUGG, Lt. (Sherwood?), attacked by In-
dains, 29; report of attack, 31-2; sent

again to Beard's Bluff, 32 ; mentioned,
34
BUGG, William, arrested for disobedience,

22
BULLITT, Thomas, Deputy Adjutant Gen-
eral Southern District, 7
BULLOCH, Archibald, commands at Brew-
ton Hill, 2 ; letter from Mcintosh, 57-9 ;
delegate to Congress, 159
BURKE, Capt., mentioned, 23, 24, 37
BURKE County, McGirt reported in, 77
BURN, William, on grand jury, 89
BURROWS, Capt., mentioned, 150, 153
BURT, Moody, on grand jury, 89
BUTLER, Maj., mentioned, 100
BUTLER, Pierce, in Disqualification Act,

93
BUTLER, Shem, in Disqualification Act,
94

CADE, Capt., arrested for disobedience, 22 ;
volunteer to Altamaha, 31 ; released, 36
CALDWELL, Capt., at Barrlngton, 35 ; re-
turns from Fort Howe, 38 ; sent to Fort
Howe, 39 ; ordered to Sapelo River, 39
CAMPBELL, McCartan, in Disqualification

Act, 96
CANAL (proposed), mentioned, 161
CANDLER, William, in Disqualification

Act. 95
CANNON, Mr., provisions from plantation,

31
CANNON, George, listed as Tory, 57
CANNON, John, listed as Tory, 57
CANNON, Lewis, member court martial, 74
CANNON, William, listed as Tory, 57
CANOOCHEE (Cananastchie) River, scouts
to range. 16, 26 ; stockade to be built, 16,
17 ; post to be established. 25, 31, 35
CARNEY, Mr., house burned by Indians, 12
CARNEYS Settlement, party sent to pro-
tect, 58
CARTER, Hepworth, in Disqualification

Act. 94 ; letter to on militia, 148
CATHEAD Creek, mentioned, 28
CEDED Lands, mentioned, 58 ; Col. Wells

leader in, 68
CHAMBERS, Peter, in Disqualification Act,

95
CHANDLER. William, on grand jury, 89
CHAPMAN, James, listed as Tory, 57
CHARLES TOWN, S. C, British defeat

mentioned, 60
CHATHAM County, representative not qual-
ified. 69, 70
CHEROKEE (Ship), near Savannah, 2;

at Tybee, 5, 10, 12
CHEVALIER, Charles Francis, in Disquali-
fication Act, 95
CHISHOLM, Capt. Thomas, sent to Sa-
vannah, 20

164

CINCINNATI, Society of, instructions for
Georjj:ia delegates, 131-3 ; meeting of
standing committee called, 139 ; presi-
dents of state societies, 140

CLAIMS, See Board of Claims

CLARK, Billy, guard to be posted at his
place, 54

CLARK (Clarke), Elijah, mentioned, 98;
statement on Mcintosh. 110 ; wants state-
ment on agreement with Florida, 119

CLARK, Thomas, president court martial,
74-5

CLARK, William, listed as Tory, 57

CLARKS Fort, attacked, 44

CLAY, Joseph, mentioned, 86, 116; in Dis-
qualification Act, 92

CLINTON, Sir Henry, held at bay, 8 ; ex-
pected in Georgia, 89, 125

COCHRAN, Jonathan, commissioner for
Cherokee treaty, 63

COHEN, Philip Jacob, in Disqualification
Act, 94

COLE, Mr. mentioned, 161

COLLIER, Thomas, mentioned, 161

COLLINS (Collings), Cornelius, signs rec-
ommendation of Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt.
Georgia Line, 97 ; signs statement of offi-
cers on Mcintosh, 112 ; mentioned, 152-3 ;
signs resolution of officers, 129

COLSON, Capt. Jacob, company nearly com-
plete, 4 ; ordered to Fort Barrington, 12 ;
mentioned, 44

CONSTITUTION, See U. S. Constitution

CONTINENTAL Army, returns sent, re-
cruiting unsuccessful, 37 ; out in detach-
ed parties, 39 ; resolves of Congress on
promotion, 107-8 ; order on pay and ra-
tions of officers, 120-2 ; wood allowance,
122 ; Gov. Houstoun's opinion on promo-
tion and bounty lands, 139-40
Georgia Line, report of, 1, 4 ; rations, pay,
4-5 ; report on, 6-7, 46 ; returns made, 7,
24-5 : Ist Battalion only troops in Geor-
ga, 21 ; pay raised, 24 ; discontent in 1st
Battalion, 43 ; under marching orders, 44,
61-3 ; sacrificed at Savannah, 78-9, 124 ;
reduced, resolutions on mode of officer-
ing, 81-4 ; deny sending letter on Mcin-
tosh, 96 ; list of officers, 96-8 ; statement
of officers on Mcintosh, 111-2 ; on militia,
118 ; annihilated at Savannah and Briar
Creek, 124 ; officers resolve Mcintosh
to have first choice of bounty land, 129-
30, 136, 137
North Carolina Line, anxious to return

home, 14
South Carolina Line, smaller than Georgia
battalion, pay and rations higher, 4 ;
larger bounty for service, 4, 6, 7

CONTINENTAL Congress, hopes they will
take steps for defense of Georgia, 25 ;

Mcintosh requests copy of resolutions, 37 ;
memorial for removal of Mcintosh, 73 ;
Glascock reports Georgia situation, 78-
80 ; statement on Mcintosh, 114-5 ; men-
tioned, 150

COOK, Capt. Isham (?), Capt. Georgia
Line, 97

COOPER, Capt., mentioned, 77 ; Capt. Light
Horse, 98

COPE, Charles, in Disqualification Act, 94

COPE, Lewis, in Disqualification Act, 94

CORN, prospects for crop, 143-4

CORNWALLIS, Lord, held at bay, 8

COUNCIL of Safety, not meeting, 1 ; meets,
resolves shipping should not sail, 2

COWAN, Edward, Capt. Georgia Line, 97;
signs statement of officers on Mcintosh,
112 ; signs resolution of officers, 129, 130

CRAWFORD, Mr., mentioned, 161

CREIGHTON (Crighton), Alexander, listed
as Tory, 57 ; receipt for corn, 140

CREIGHTON Island, guard to be posted, 54

CUNNINGHAM, John, signs recommenda-
tion of Georgia officers, 82 ; Capt. Geor-
gia Line, 97

CUTHBERT, Alexander Daniel, Capt. Geor-
gia Line, 97 ; delegate to Society of Cin-
cinnati, 133

CUTHBERT, Lt., mentioned, 53

CUTHBERT, Maj., reports on 2d Battalion,
39 ; relieved at First Landing, 40

CUTHBERT, Seth John, on grand jury, 89 ;
in Disqualification Act, 93

CUYLER, Henry, in Disqualification Act,
94

DAMES, Capt., mentioned, 98, 99

DARIEN, mentioned, 41, 42, 53

DART, John Sanford, Deputy Pay Master,
Southern Army, 121, 122

DAVENPORT, Thomas, Lt. Georgia Line,
97

DAVIS, Edward, in Disqualificaton Act, 93

DAVIS, William, in Disqualification Act, 95

DAT, John, Capt. Georgia Line, 97 ; state-
ment on Mcintosh, 111-2

DECLARATION of Independence, news re-
ceived in Georgia, 54

DE KEISER, (De Keyser), Lee, Maj. Light
Horse, 98

DEMERE, Raymond, taken prisoner, 2 ; re-
leased, 3 ; to join Washington, 47 ; dele-
gate to Provincial Congress, 51 ; informa-
tion to grand jury, 88 ; in Disqualifica-
tion Act, 94 ; mentioned, 99

DENSLER, Philip, in Disqualification Act,
94

D'ESTAING, Count, mentioned, 124

DEVEAUX, Andrew, plundering, 103-4, 119

DEVEAUX, Peter, witness to Glascock let-

165

ter, 92, 112 ; in Disqualification Act, 94 ;

mentioned, 122
DE WITT'S Corner, S. C, Clierokee treaty

at, 63, 64
DILLONS, mentioned, 86
DISQUALIFICATION Act, persons named,

92-6
DIVIDINGS, Tiie, armed boats sent to, 14,

15. 58 ; mentioned, 28
DOOLY, Capt. John, Roin^r to Virginia to

recruit, 41 ; in Disqualification Act, 93
DOHERTY. Lt., to come to Savannali, 31
DONALDSON, Mr., mentioned, 68
DORSIUS, Mr. mentioned, 66
DRAYTON, Mr., mentioned, 39
DU COIN. John, Lt. Georgia Line, 97 ;

signs statement of officers, 112
DUPONT, Josiah, in Disqualification Act,

95
DUPORTAIL, Louis Lebique, mentioned,

106n

EAST FLORIDA, plundering from, 9, 10,
11 ; to be scouted, 18 ; inroads into Geor-
gia, 21, 23 ; Indians encouraged to war
on Georgia, 47 ; attitude towards war,
101-3 : plundering to stop. 102, 103 ; see
also Florida : St. Augustine

EDISTO River, mentioned, 78

EDWARDS, E., Deputy Adjutant General,
121

EFFINGHAM County, illegally represented,
69

ELBERT, Samuel, report on military, 6-7 ;
mentoned, 9, 24, 35, 39, 43, 45, 51, 62, 63,
151, 153 ; sent to Altamaha, 32 ; direc-
tions to, 34-5 ; information requested, 36 ;
informs no Indians seen, 38 : at Fort
Howe, 38 ; Mcintosh resigns command
to him, 47-8 ; arrives in Sunbury, 61 ;
command of Georgia Continental troops,
62-3 ; reports on Amelia Island, 64-6 ;
recommendations on officering Continen-
tal Line, 81-2, 83 ; promotion recommend-
ed, to be exchanged, 83-4 ; expresses con-
fidence in Mcintosh, 84 ; in Disqualifica-
tion Act, 93 ; Col. Georgia Line, 96 ; to
be promoted, 110 ; signs statement on
Mcintosh, 112 ; part in Mcintosh affair,
112-3 ; promotion recommended, 116 ; ap-
poted brigadier of militia, 125 ; mention-
ed, 149

ELLIOTT, John, in Disqualification Act, 96

ELLIOTT, Thomas, in Disqualification Act,
96

ELMER. Mr., mentioned, 152

EUSTACE, John Skey, sent to Florida to
demand return of plundered property,
119; delegate to Society of Cincinnati,
133

FABIAN, John, agreement with William
Mcintosh, 157-8

FARRELL, Thomas, letter to Mcintosh,
142-3

FARROL, W., indicted for murder, 89

FENN, Zachariah, in Disqualification Act,
95

FENNER, Robert, member court martial, 74

FEW, Benjamin, arrested for disobedience,
22 ; company sent westward, 33 ; releas-
ed, 30 ; on grand jury, 89 ; in Disqualifi-
cation Act, 95

FEW, Ignatius, sent to Beard's Bluff, 30 ;
mentioned, 34

FEW, William, in Disqualification Act, 93 ;
delegate to Congress, 100 ; on committee
to examine Walton and Howley, 109

FIELD, James, delegate to Society of Cin-
cinnati, 133

FISHBOURN, Ann (Wereat), mentioned,
150 ; well received in Philadelphia, 151 ;
letter to Mcintosh, 152-3

FISHBOURN, Eliza, mentioned, 152

FITZPATRICK, Patrick, signs recommend-
ation of Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Geor-
gia Line, 97

FORT, Barrington, attacked, 9, 11 ; men-
tioned, 11, 26, 33 ; to be readied for de-
fense, 16 ; principal garrison of Light
Horse, 16, 18 ; troops sent to, 22 ; name
changed to Fort Howe, which see also
Charlotte, Col. Thompson to be sent to,

45 ; mentioned, 76
Howe, to be fortified, 21 ; troops on alert,
22 ; Light Horse ordered to, 23 ; inade-
quate sum voted for, 28 ; mentioned, 29,
32, 39. 40, 44 ; headquarters Light Horse,
30 ; to be readied. 36 ; Lt. Roach sent to,
41 ; to be maintained to last, 42 ; orders
concerning, 42-3 ; troops left to guard, 48
Mcintosh, attacked, taken, 41-2
Marbury (Marbo rough), on Great Ogee-
chee, 16 ; troops sent to, 17 ; mentioned,
26
Moore, mentioned, 86
Prince George, mentioned, 52

FORTS, chain to be built on frontiers. 79

FRANCE, Quakers send address to Assem-
bly of, 152

ERASER, Alexander, on grand jury, 89

FRAZER, , Lt. Light Horse, 98

FRAZIER (Frazer), John, Lt. Georgia Line,
97 ; signs recomendation of Georgia offi-
cers. 82

FREDERICA, mentioned, 14, 53 ; settle-
ment burnt, 19

FRISBEE (Frisby), Capt., buys stolen
slaves, 86 ; carries off Negroes, 99, 100

FUSER, Col. L. v., takes post on Satilla,
46

166

GADSDEN, Gen. Christopher, mentioned, 28

GAILLARD, , map of S. C. mentioned,

76 ; appointment to be confirmed, 76

GALLIES, two launched, another building,
25 ; requested for Dividings, 58

GALPHIN, George, mentioned, 32 ; esti-
mates Indian strength, 47 ; reports man
killed by McGirt's men, 78 ; in Disqualifi-
cation Act, 93

GATES. Horatio, president Virginia Cin-
cinnati, 140

GEORGIA, second colony to be attacked, 3,
6 ; defense measures, 5-6, 15-16 ; attack
expected, 19, 21, 41 ; internal divisions
mentioned, 21 ; proposed Constitution
mentioned, 24 ; inadequate sum for forti-
fications, 28 ; recruiting not successful,
37 ; report on military, 45-6 ; Mcintosh's
opinion on Ga.-S.C. boundary. 75-6 ; S.C.
encroaching, 76 ; weak state of, 77 ; situ-
ation reported to Congress, 78-80 ; de-
fense necessary to protect other states,
79 ; endangered on all sides, 79 ; heavy ex-
penses of government, 86-7 ; usurpation
of government charged by grand jury, 88,
89 ; salaries and numbers of civil and
military officers, 89-91 ; number of men
available for government, 90-1 ; govern-
ment usurped, 108-9, 125 : state of fi-
nances, expense of government, 154-6 ;
condition at beginning of war, 159-60
Assembly (Convention), wrangling, 23;
raises troop pay, 24 ; considering state
of province, 25 ; votes inadequate sum
for forts, 28 ; promotions in army, 40 ;
five elected for two vacancies in House,
qualifications of representatives, 69 ;
Catholic member in House, 69 ; some
members of House improperly elected, 69-
71 : resolutions on officering Continental
Line, 81-4 ; recommends trial of Howe
for conduct at Savannah, 85 ; large rep-
resentation and pay charged by grand
jury, 86 ; usurped, 88 ; mentioned in Mc-
intosh affair, 108, 109, 110, 111, 113,
114; report of Committee on Mcintosh,
117-8 : involved in Mcintosh affair, 123-5 ;
difficulty of raising House, 123 ; Mcin-
tosh's letter on conduct of, 161-2
Battalion, see Continental Army, Georgia

Line
Constitution, articles violated, 68-71
Council, mentioned, 13 ; requests return of
troops, 13. 14 ; directs Florida expedi-
tion, 48 ; refuses hearing on Mcintosh,
62-3 ; President should take same oath
as Governor, 71 ; resignation threatened,
72 ; resolutions on officering Continen-
tal Line, 81-4 ; recommends removal of
Mcintosh from command in Georgia, 83-
4 ; mentioned in Mcintosh affair, 110,

112, 113; involved in Mcintosh affair,
123-5 ; elected, 123 ; at Siege of Savan-
nah, 124 ; in conspiracy to usurp gov-
ernment, 125

Governor, interference with judiciary
charged, 88 ; see also names of governors

Militia, command taken by Mcintosh, 1 ;
little success in raising, 11 ; ready to
march to St. Augustine, 61 ; aids Conti-
nentals at Savannah, 78-9 ; officers deny
they recommended removal of Mcintosh,
84-5 ; estimate of officers, 90-1 ; state-
ment on by officers of Georgia Line,
118 ; few in state, 123-4 ; at Siege of
Savannah, 124 ; letter concerning, 148
Packet (ship), mentioned, 23, 25, 37, 150
Provincial Congress, delegates from St.
Andrew's Parish, 51

GERRELL, Charles, member court martial,
74

GERRY, Blbridge, mentioned, 145

GERVAIS & Owens, mentioned, 150

GIBBONS, John, in Disqualification Act,
95

GIBBONS, Joseph, in Disqualification Act,
94

GIBBONS, William, in Disqualification Act,
94 ; on committee to examine Walton
& Howley, 109 ; letter from Walton on
Mcintosh affair, 113-4

GIBBONS, William (the younger), in Dis-
qualification Act, 95

GLASCOCK, Thomas, reports McGirt in
Burke County, 77-8 ; signs recommenda-
tion of Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Geor-
gia Line. 97

GLASCOCK. William, appoints commis-
sioners for Cherokee treaty. 63-4 ; re-
ports Georgia situation to Congress, re-
quests removal of Mcintosh. 78-80 ; de-
clares letter to Congress a forgery, 80,
91-2, 96, 112, 117, 125 ; in Disqualifica-
tion Act, 93 ; inquiry into conduct re-
garding Mcintosh, 108-17 ; affidavit ex-
onerating Mcintosh, 122-6 ; appointed
Speaker, 124, 126

GLEN, John, in Disqualification Act, 94

GORDON, James, in Disqualification Act,
96

GRAHAM, , entrenched near Wright's

Fort, 10

GRANT, Capt., stationed off St. John's, 12

GRANT. Maj.. lands on Hutchinson Island,
2 ; asks cessation of hostilities, 3

GRANT, Robert, listed as Tory, 57

GRAVES, John, in Disqualification Act, 95

GRAY, , deserted, 52

GRAY, Tom, reports Indians in council of
war, 14, 15 ; takes talk to Indians, 27,
37, 59, 60

GREENE, Nathanael, letter from Mcintosh

167

on incursions from East Florida, 103-4 ;
order on pay and rations of officers, 120-
2 : president of Rhode Island Cincinnati,
140
GRIFFIN, Mathew, in Disqualification Act,

94
GRIFFITH, Dr., mentioned, 152
GUNX, James, mentioned. 149, 101
GWINNETT, Ann (Mrs. Button), men-
tioned. 9
GWINNETT, lUittoii, report by Mcintosh
in sitiKilion in Gcirsia, "i-f! ; mentioned,
8, 9, 15, 17, 18, 21 ; requests return of
troops, 13, 14 ; has not sent Continental
troops to Mcintosh, 43 ; Mcintosh re-
ports on Continental troops, 44 ; asks
Mcintosh for assistance, 44 ; Mcintosh
requests no delay in Florida expedition,
47 ; part in St. Augustine expedition,
61-3 : no prerogative to call council of
war, Gl-2 : affair wtih secret committee
mentioned, 68
GWINNETT, Elizabeth, mentioned. 9

HABERSHAM, James, in Disqualification
Act, 94

HABERSH.\M, John, report on ships at
Tybee, 10 ; ordered to Fort Howe, 42 ;
mentioned, 80 ; in Disqualification Act,
94 ; Major Georgia Line, 96 ; exchanged,
101 ; signs statement of Georgia officers,
112 ; Mcintosh sends letter on Indian
affairs, 142

HABERSHAM, Joseph, letter to, 20-1 ; or-
ders military stores from Philadelphia,
25 ; mentioned, 100-101 ; in Disqualifica-
tion Act, 94

HALIFAX, invasions from mentioned, 80

HALL, Lyman, mentioned, 9 ; return of
troops sent to, 24-5 ; letter to, 37-8 ;
brings up question of councils of war,
62 : Wereat's opinion of, 68 ; efforts
against George Mcintosh fail, 72 ; in
Disqualification Act, 93 ; letter from
Mcintosh on plundering from Florida,
119

HAMILTON, Brig. Gen., to be exchanged
for Elbert, 83-4

HAMILTON, Robert, in Disqualification
Act, 94

HANDLEY, George, mentioned, 54 ; signs
recommendation of Georgia officers. 83 ;
information to grand jury, 88 : Capt.
Georgia Line, 96 ; signs statement of of-
ficers. 112, 129, 130

HARDY, John, attends council. 81 ; in Dis-
qualification Act, 93; mentioned, 113

HARRIS, Lt. Col. Francis Henry, ordered
to headquarters, 42-3 ; to be relieved, 43 ;
mentioned, 72

HARRIS. James, in Disqualification Act,
95

HAWKINS, Benjamin, letter from McGilli-
vruy on Indian affairs, 140-2 ; mentioned,
150, 154

HAYS, Arthur, Lt. Georgia Line, 97 ; signs
statement of officers, 112, 129

HEARD, Mr., to lay out fortificatons at
F<irt Ilov.e. 21

IIKAUI), Stephen, attends council, 81;
statement (.n IMcInlosli. 110-1

HRUDS Island, mentioned, 31, 36

HESTER'S Bluff, enemy battery on, 65

HETH, Maj. Gen., president Cincinnati in
New Hampshire, 140

HICKS, Isaac (?), Capt. Georgia Line, 96

HICKS, Nathaniel, on grand jury, 89

HILL, Capt., stationed on Ogeechee, 31 ;
mentioned, 33, 35

HILLARY, Christopher, signs recommend-
ation of Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Georgia
Line, 97 ; signs statement of officers,
112, 129

HINCHINBROKE (ship), approaches Sa-
vannah, attacked, 2

HOLMES, , reported at Bryan's Cow-
pen, 77 ; mentioned, 101

HOLMES, John, mentioned, 20 ; in Dis-
qualification Act, 94

HOLZENDORF, William, in Disqualification
Act. 93

HOPKINS, Elisha B., letter from Mcin-
tosh on conduct of Assembly, 161-2

HOREN( Oren), Zachariah, witness in mur-
der case, 50

HORNBY, William, in Disqualification Act,
93

HOUSTOUN, Dr. James, leaves service for
health, 47 ; in Disqualification Act, 94

HOUSTOUN, John. Mcintosh sends opin-
ion on Ga.-S.C. boundary. 75-6 ; in Dis-
qualification Act, 92 ; declines to de-
fend Mcintosh, 104; mentioned. 113;
letter from Mcintosh on bounty lands,
136-8 ; opinion on promotion of officers
and bounty lands. 139-40 ; delegate to
Congress, 159

HOUSTOUN. Sir Patrick, listed as Tory,
57 ; mentioned, 86 ; in Disqualification
Act. 96

HOVENDON'S Fort, on Broad River. 16, 17

HOVER, , murdered by Indians, 22 ;

murderers captured, 27

HOWE, (Lt. ) Rul)ert. signs recommenda-
ton of Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Georgia
Line, 97

HOWE, (Gen.) Robert, reports to, 9, 11-12,
14-15, 17-19, 23, 27-8, 31-3. 38-9, 41, 44-5 ;
goes to Sunbury, 21 ; mentioned, 24, 25,
37, 45, 61 : Mcintosh asks opinion on
exchange of prisoners, 29 ; trial recom-

168

mended for conduct at Savannah, 85

HOWE, Gen. Sir William, goes to Trenton,
28

HOWELL, Lt., mentioned, 12, 13

HOWLEY, Richard, complains of Mcintosh
to Congress, 80 ; attends council, 81 ;
one of usurpers of Georgia government,
89, 124 ; in Disqualification Act, 93 ; repu-
tation, 100-01 ; said to have taken Geor-
gia records to Philadelphia, 106 ; inquiry
into conduct, 108-17 ; gives no evidence
on Mcintosh, 114 ; memorial on Mcin-
tosh referred to, 116 ; part in conspiracy
on Mcintosh, 122-6 ; appointed to coun-
cil, 124

HUME, James, letter from Mcintosh on
murder case, 50

HUNTINGTON, Samuel, transmits papers
from Congress, 114 ; mentioned, 117

HURRICANE, Jamaica storm described,
134-5

HUSTON'S, enemy post at, 78

HUTCHINSON Island, British land, 2 ;
pursued, 3

INDIANS, attacks expected, 7, 32, 44, 46-7 ;
plundering and incursions, 9, 10, 11, 19,
22, 23. 27, 28, 29, 30, 36, 44, 46-7, 51,
58-9, 64-5, 80 ; reported in council of
war, 14 ; defense measures against, 15-
17, 26, 33, 34, 35, 37 ; prisoners taken,
25. 27, 37, 52, 60; S.C. may claim Creek
and Cherokee lands, 38 ; estimate of
strength, 47 ; talk sent to Creeks, 59-60 ;
commissioners appointed for Cherokee
treaty, 63-4 ; letter to Hawkins concern-
ing, 140-2 ; strength of tribes in limits
ceded to U.S., 160-1

INMAN, Joshua, in Disqualification Act, 93

IRVINE, Mr., mentioned, 152

JACKSON, James, correspondence vdth
Wereat on defending Mcintosh, 104-6 ;
on committee to examine Walton and
Howley. 109

JACOBS, , mentioned, 23

JAMAICA, hurricane described. 134-5
JAMISON, Maj., encamped opposite Augus-
ta. 77
JARRATT, Devereaux, in Disqualification

Act. 95
JENKINS, John, in Disqualification Act, 94
JOHNSON, Laban, Lt. of artillery, 98
JOHNSTON, James, suggestion that he pub-
lish Quakers' address to France, 152
JOHNSTON, Stephen, in Disqualification

Act, 94
JONES, Henry, in Disqualification Act, 95
JONES, Noble Wimberly, Mcintosh requests
list of vacancies, sends returns. 40 ; re-
port to on officers, 41 ; in Disqualification

Act, 92 ; mentioned, 99 ; delegate to Con-
gress, 100 ; letter to on Walton-Howley
affair, 108-9

JONES, Thomas, indictment by grand jury,
120

JONES, Mr., representative from Burke
County, 69

JORDAN, , Lt. Georgia Line, 97

KEAN, Mr., mentioned, 151, 152
KELL, John, in Disqualification Act, 96
KENNEDY, Angus, listed as Tory, 57
KENNON (Kinnon), Col. William, men-
tioned, 18 ; supplies requested, 39
KENT, Charles, in Disqualification Act, 95
KEOWEE, S.C, mentioned, 52
KEOWBE River, mentioned. 76
KERSHAW. Col., mentioned, 100
KNOX, Gen. Henry, letter on his promo-'
tion, 106-8

LACITER. Camel, to build barn, 53, 55

LANE, John, Major Georgia Line, 96

LANG, Mr., mentioned, 147

LANGDON. Mr., mentioned, 152

LANGWORTHY, Edward, action for per-
jury pending, delegate to Congress, 73 ;
said to have written circular against
Mcintosh, 74 ; in Disqualification Act, 93

LAURENS, Henry, letter to, 21

LAURENS. Col. John, Negroes carried off
his plantation, 54

LAW. Sgt.. mentioned, 53, 54, 55

LAWSON, Col. Robert (?), reports Indians
at St. Marys, 23 ; exchange mentioned,
29

LECONTE, William, in Disqualification Act,
95

LEE, Gen. Charles, letters from Elbert, 6-8 ;
reports from Mcintosh, 9-11 ; mentioned,
15, 24, 45 ; reports to on Florida incurs-
ions. 51-2 ; expected in Savannah, 53

LESLIE, Gen., to be applied to in case of
plundering, 104

LIBERTY Society, intrigue against Mcin-
tosh, 66-72

LIGHT Horse, being raised in Georgia, 5 ;
near Wright's Fort, 10 ; to protect back
settlements, 15 ; return requested, 14, 31 ;
attacks on Satilla, 15 ; to remain at Fort
Howe, 16, 21-2, 30 ; complaints against,
20, 26 ; few recruited, 21 ; enlistment or-
ders, 22, 26-7 ; number of men, 25 ; com-
pany at Ogeechee and Broad Rivers, 26 ;
made Continentals, disordered, 32. 34, 37,
46 ; no money for pay, 32 ; officers need-
ed, 36 ; some killed in Indian attack, 37 ;
return sent, 38 ; Mr. Norway adjutant,
40 ; officers, 98

LILLIBRIDGE, Mr., mentioned, 147

LINCOLN, Gen. Benjamin, letter from Mc-

169

Intosh, 77-8 ; removal of Mcintosh rec-
oininpiided to, 83 ; sends Mcintosh from
Georgia, 111 ; letter mentioned, 112 ; men-
tioned 114, 125; has confidence of Geor-
gians, 116

LLOYD, Benjamin, in Disqualification Act,
94

LORICK, John, mentioned, 53n

LOW (Lowe), Philip, in Disqualification
Act, 95 ; Major Georgia Line, 96 ; signs
statement of officers. 112

LUCAS, John, signs statement of Georgia
officers. 83 ; Capt. Georgia Line, 97 ;
statement on Mcintosh, 111-2; draft for
pay, 121-2 ; delegate to Society of Cin-
cinnati, 133 ; mentioned, 151, 153

MCCLURE, John, in Disqualification Act,
92

MCDANIEL. William, Lt. Georgia Dra-
goons, 98

MCDONALD. Alexander, listed as Tory, 57

MCDONALD, Archibald, listed as Tory, 57

MCDONALD, Charles, chairman of St. An-
drew's Committee, 57

MCDONALD, John, Sr., listed as Tory, 57

MCDONALD, John, Jr., listed as Tory, 57

MCDONALD, John (the mason), listed as
Tory. 57

MCDONALD, William, listed as Tory, 57 ;
signs recommendation of Georgia offi-
cers, 82

MCDOUGALL. Maj.-Gen. Alexander, presi-
dent New York Cincinnati, 140

MCFARLAND (McParling), Capt. James,
arrested for disobedience, 22 ; volunteers
for Altamaha, 31 ; company sent west-
ward, 33 : released, 36

MCG , James, mentioned, 141

MCGEE, Hugh, in Disqualification Act, 95

MCGIBBONY, Patricli, member court mar-
tial, 74

MCGILLIVRAY, Alexander, letter on In-
dian affairs, 140-2

MCGIRT, Daniel, men raiding in Georgia,
11; in attacii on Amelia Island, 05; ex-
pected at Bryans Cowpen, 77

MCINTOSH, Esther (Hetty) (daughter of
Lachlan), report on studies. 52; ill, 54-5

MCINTOSH, George (brother of Lachlan),
produce engaged for provisions, 31, 36;
mentioned. 50; delegate to I'rovincial
Congress. 51 ; said to have been shielded
by Lachlan. 67 ; innocent of treason, 67-8 ;
case against mentioned, 68, 71 ; justice
denied, 72

MCINTOSH, George (son of Lachlan), re-
port on studies, 52, 55 ; mentioned, 143,
144

MCINTOSH. Henry (son of Lachlan), re-
port on studies, 52, 55

MCINTOSH, Jane (wife of William), Ne-
groes carried off, 100

MCINTOSH, John, listed as Tory, 57

MCINTOSH, John (son of William), or-
ders to, 40, 41 ; delegate to Provincial
Congress, 51 ; in Disqualification Act, 94 ;
Lt. Col. Georgia Line, 96 ; signs state-
ment of officers, 112; mentioned, 143

MCINTOSH, John (brother of Lachlan),
property destroyed in hurricane, 134-5

MCINTOSH, John (son of Lachlan), aid
asked for relief of uncle, 135 ; letters
from father on plantation affairs, 143-4,
147

MCINTOSH, Gen. Lachlan, takes command
Georgia militia, 1 ; at southern frontier,
6, 8 ; called to Fort Howe, 23 ; intrigues
against, 23-4, 66-72 ; government he pre-
fers, 24 ; regrets Howe's lack of confi-
dence, 27, 28 ; requests provisions, 31 ;
resigns command to Elbert, 47-8 ; dele-
gate to Provincial Congress, chairman of
committee St. Andrew's Parish, 51 ;
asks Indians to Savannah to make peace,
60 ; talk sent to Creeks, 59-00 ; account
of preliminaries of St. Augustine expedi-
tion, 61-3 ; calls council of officers at
Sunbury, 61, 62 ; Georgia Council re-
fuses hearing, 62-3 ; agitation for remov-
al, 73-4, 79-80, 83-4 ; opinion on Ga.-S.C.
boundary, 75-6 ; opinion on government,
76 ; proposes grants to settlers on Mis-
sissippi, 77 ; other complaints against, 80 ;
Elbert expresses confidence in, 84 ; mili-
tia officers deny recommending removal,
84-5 ; comments on presentments of
grand jury, 89-91 ; in Disqualification
Act, 92 ; Glascock letter a forgery, 91-2,
96; letter from Robert Baillie, 98-100;
exchanged, 98 ; letter from John Brick-
ell, 100-01 ; on incursions from East Flor-
ida, 103-4, 106. 119; correspondence of
Wereat and Jackson regarding, 104-6 ;
requests promotion, 106-7 ; notes on rules
of promotion, 107-8 ; inquiry into con-
spiracy against, 108-18 ; letter of Walton
concerning, 113-4, 115-6; in Philadelphia
and New Jersey, 122 ; exonerated in Glas-
cock affidavit, 122-6 ; returned to Geor-
gia, at Siege of Savannah. 123-4 ; no com-
mand in Georgia after Siege of Savan-
nah. 126 ; officers resolve he have first
bounty choice, amount entitled to, 129-
31 ; instructions to delegates to the Cin-
cinnati. 131-3; account with public. 133-
4 ; on bounty land he wants, 135-8 ;
president Georgia Society of Cincinnati,
140; on plantation affairs, 143-4, 147;
letter on II. S. Constitution, 144-6 ;
invitation to dinner for Washington, 148 ;
letter from Sheftall on his property, 148-

170

9 ; correspondence with Wereat on his
claims, 150-3 ; letter on surveying prop-
erty, 158 ; on state of Georgia at begin-
ning of Revolution, 159-60 ; on conduct
of assembly, 161-2
MCINTOSH, Lachlan. Jr. (son of Lachlan),
letters to his father, 52-6 ; sketch of mil-
itary career, 52n ; reports on his com-
pany, 53, 54, 55, 56 ; mentioned, 75, 77 ;
signs recommendation of Georgia officers,
82 ; Capt. Georgia Line, 96
MCINTOSH, Lachlan, Jr. (son of William),
mentioned, 52n, 135 ; Lt. Georgia Line, 97
MCINTOSH, Lachlan (of South Carolina),

visits relatives in Georgia, 147
MCINTOSH, Roderick, delegate to Provin-
cial Congress, 51 ; listed as Tory, 57
MCINTOSH, Sarah (wife of Lachlan). men-
tioned. 99, 143
MCINTOSH, William (brother of Lachlan),
reports on depredations, 11, 12 ; return
of troops requested, 14 ; attacks party
from Florida, 15 ; orders to, 15-7, 21-2,
23, 25-6, 30-1, 33-4 : attacks on charac-
ter of, 23 ; establishing posts, 28 ; goes
southward, 29, 30 ; pursues raiding par-
ty, 32 ; requests leave for health, 34 ; let-
ter about provisions, 36 ; sick leave, 38 ;
delegate to Provincial Congress, 51 ; Ne-
groes carried off, 54, 99, 100 ; plantation
plundered, 54, 104 ; said to have re-
signed because of demand, 67 ; charges
groundless, 67-8 ; in Disqualification Act,
95 ; mentioned, 98 : prisoner on parole,
99 ; commissioner to confer with Florida
governor, 101 : aid asked for relief of
brother John, 135
MCINTOSH, William (son of Lachlan),
Capt. Georgia Line, 97 ; signs statement
of Georgia officers, 112 ; bounty land to
be surveyed for. 136 ; mentioned, 139 :
agreement with Fabian on planting crops,
157-8 ; letter to father on plantation af-
fairs, 157
MCINTOSH, William (Capt. in British
Army), said to have stirred up Indians,
67 ; not related to Lachlan Mcintosh, 68
MCINTOSH Family, reported well, 52, 53,

54-5 ; situation of, 100
MCINTOSH Plantation, report of, 53, 55
MCKAY, Angus, listed as Tory, 57
MCKAY, Donald, listed as Tory, 57
MCKINZIE, Hugh, listed as Tory. 57
MCLEOD, Murdock. listed as Tory. 57
MCLEAN, Andrew, on grand jury, 89 ; in
Disqualification Act, 96 ; mentioned, 111,
114
MCLEAN, John, in Disqualification Act, 96
MCLEAN, Josiah, in Disqualification Act,
96

MCMURPHY. Daniel, sent to Indian nation,
insolent behavior, 142

MCQUEEN, Mr., mentioned, 149

MAITLAND, John, lands on Hutchinson
Island, 2 ; asks cessation of hostilities, 3 ;
arrival expected at Bryans Cowpen, 77

MANSON, , plundering, 119

MARABLE, Mat, mentioned, 100

MARBURY (Marborough), Leonard, orders
to, 16, 17, 21-2, 23, 33-4 ; fails to report
at Barrington, 19 ; reprimanded, 19-20 ;
delays, 19, 20, 21 ; establishing posts, 28 ;
goes southward, 29 ; to come to Savan-
nah, 31 ; pursues raiding party, 32 ; men-
tioned, 30, 34, 84 ; comes for money for
troops, 36, 38 ; resigns commission, 38 ;
requests no further orders, 41 ; Mcintosh
to assist, 58 ; in Disqualification Act, 95 ;
Lt. Col. of Light Horse, 98

MARINES, mentioned, 14

MARTIN, , deserted, 52

MARTIN, James, in Disqualification Act, 95

MARTIN, John, in Disqualification Act, 95 ;
letter from Tonyn on conduct of war,
101-3, 119 ; letter from Mcintosh, 106

MATHEWS, William, muster master, 98

MAXWELL, Elisha, in Disqualification Act,
95

MAXWELL, Thomas, in Disqualification
Act, 93

MAXWELL, Thomas, Jr., in Disqualifica-
tion Act, 95

MEANLY, John, signs recommendation of
Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Georgia Line, 97

MELVIN. George, Capt. Georgia Line, 97 ;
signs resolution of officers, 129

MIDDLETON (Myddleton), Capt. Charles
resigns commission, 41

MIDDLETON, Hugh, in Disqualification
Act, 96

MIDDLETON, Col. Robert, attends coun-
cil, 81 ; statement on Mcintosh, 109-10

MILITARY Stores, scant, 18, 25 ; ordered
from Philadelphia, 25

MILLEDGE, John, Jr., in Disqualification
Act, 94

MILLER, Elisha, Lt. Georgia Line, 97 ;
signs resolution of officers, 129

MILLER, Samuel, in Disqualification Act,
93

MILLS, Thomas, store in Savannah men-
tioned, 52

MILTON, John, mentioned, 10 ; Capt. Geor-
gia Line, 97 ; signs statement of Georgia
officers, 112, 129 ; secretary Society of
Cincinnati, 133 ; letter from Mcintosh on
bounty lands, 138

MINIS, Philip, mentioned, 29 ; ignores re-
quest for supplies, 39 ; in Disqualification
Act, 94

171

MISSISSIPPI River, mentioned, 76 ; grants
for settlers proposed, 77

MONTGOMERY, Sgt., deserter, plundering,
28

MOORE, Andrew, in Disqualification Act,
93

MORECOCK, H., murdered, 89

MOREL, John, mentioned, 119

MOREL, Mrs. John, plantation plunder-
ed, 104

MORRIS, Capt. Thomas, orders to, 14 ; on
grand jury, 89 ; in Disqualification Act,
93

MORRISON, John, signs recommendation
of Georgia officers, 82 ; mentioned, 52 ;
Lt. Georgia Line, 97

MOSELEY, John, Lt. Georgia Line, 97

MOSELY, Littleberry, signs recommenda-
tion of Georgia officers, 82 ; Capt. Geor-
gia Line, 97

MOULTRIE, William, mentioned, 28, 96n ;
president S.C. Cincinnati, 140

MOWAT, Capt., mentioned, 23

MOWBERRY (Mowbray), Capt., in St.
Johns River, 12, 65 ; reported in Sapelo
River. 39

MUHLENBURG (Mewlenburg), Peter, at
Sunbury, 11 ; orders to, 13, 14 ; wants to
return home, 14 ; permitted to leave, 18 ;
mentioned, 108

MULLRYNE Plantation on Tybee pluder-
ed. 12

MUCKINFUSS (Mackenfuss), , men-
tioned, 21, 27

NASH, Clement, sent to Congress with com-
plaints against Mcintosh, 80 ; sipns rec-
ommendation of Georgia officers, 82 ;
Capt. Georgia Line, 97 ; mentioned, 116

NEW Hope Plantation, Negroes carried off,
54

NEW YORK, British defeat mentioned, 60 ;
invasion from mentioned, 80

NICHOLSON, Robert, member court mar-
tial, 74

NOCTURNAL Club, mentioned, 74

NORTH CAROLINA, troops permitted to
return home, 18 ; recruiting in, 24, 46

NORWAY, Anthony, Adjutant Light Horse,
22, 40

O'BRYAN, , mentioned, 150

O'BRYEN (O'Brian), William, in Disquali-
fication Act, 92

ODINGSELL, Benjamin, in Disqualification
Act. 94

ODINGSELL, Charles, in Disqualification
Act, 94

OGDEN, Thomas, mentioned, 100

OGEECHEE River, scouts to range, 16, 17 ;
stockade to be built, 16, 25, 26; troops

to be posted in forts, 20 ; company of
Light Horse at, 26 ; posts mentioned, 33 ;
post near Queensborough, 35 ; mentioned,
77 ; enemy post on, 78

OHOOPEE River, post needed, 35 ; men-
tioned, 58

OLDIS, Capt. William {?), burns settle-
ment on Frederica, 19 ; plunders St. Sim-
ons, 58

O'NEAL, Charles, member court martial,
74

OREN, see Horen

OSBURN, Capt., takes brig in St. Marys
River, 12 ; expected to attack Darien, 52 ;
over Tybee bar, 53; killed, 101

OSSABAW Island, meager company raised,
11

OSWALD (Ozwald), Joseph, in Disqualifi-
cation Act, 93

PACE, Thomas, on grand jury, 89 ; in Dis-
qualification Act, 95

PANNILL, Joseph, signs recommendation
of Georgia officers, 82 ; signs statement
of officers, 112; letter from Mcintosh
on bounty land he wants, 135-6

PANTON, William, says George Mcintosh
no traitor, 68

PARIS, Peter, on grand jury, 89

PARKER, Sir Peter, fleet defeated, 8

PARKER, Richard, encamped opposite Au-
gusta, 77 ; commended by Executive Coun-
cil, 84 ; keeps enemy from Augusta, 110,
126 ; statement on Mcintosh mentioned,
112 ; stand against Mcintosh, 113-4, ser-
vices mentioned, 116 ; comes to Georgia
with Mcintosh, 123 ; commands Conti-
nentals in Georgia, 125

PARSONS, Samuel H., president Connecti-
cut Cincinnati, 140

PAYNE, Thomas, signs recommendation of
Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Georgia Line, 97

PEACOCK, William, in Disqualification
Act, 94

PEARRE, Nathaniel, signs recommendation
of Georgia officers, 82, 112

PENGRU. William, mentioned, 143, 144

PENSACOLA, Indian council of war at, 14

PERONNEAU, Mr., says George Mcintosh
no traitor, 68 : affidavit for George Mc-
intosh mentioned, 73

PERRY (Pearre ?), Lt. Georgia Line, 97

PHENIX, Capt., mentioned, 18

PICKENS, Andrew, commissioner for In-
dian treaty, 141

PIGGIN, Col., in Disqualification Act, 93

PIERCE. John, Pay Master General, 121,
122 ; mentioned, 151. 153

PIERCY, William, in Disqualification Act,
93

172

PLATT, Ebenezer Smith, in Disqualification
Act, 94

POLLAUD, William, & Co., mentioned, 162

POLLOCK, Cashman, in Disqualification
Act, 94

POLLY (sloop), mentioned, 152

POWELL, Josiah, in Disqualification Act,
93

PRAY, Job, in Disqualification Act, 96

PREVOST, Col. James Mark, believed lead-
ing marauding parties, 41

PROCTOR, , leads Indian raids, 11, 12,

15

PUGH, Francis, in Disqualification Act,
95

PUGH, James, in Disqualification Act, 95

PURRYSBURG, mentioned, 86

QUAKERS, receive Wereat in Philadelphia,
address to Assembly of France mention-
ed, 152

QUEEXSBOROUGH, stocliades to be near,
25, 26, 31, 33, 35

RAE, James, on grand jury, 89 ; in Dis-
qualification Act, 95

RAE, John, mentioned, 149

RAVEN (Ship), at Tybee, 5, 10; at St.
Augustine, 12

READ, Toms, witness in murder case, 50

REES, David, Deputy Judge Advocate, 98

REYNOLDS, Joseph, in Disqualification
Act, 94

RICE, Joseph, taken prisoner, 2 ; released, 3

RICE, affair of rice ships, 1-4 ; good crop,
52. 55

RICHMOND County, presentments of grand
jury, 86-9 ; one of two counites not In
possession of enemy, 89, 90

ROACH, William, mentioned. 13 ; sent to
Fort Howe, 41

ROBERTS, Daniel, taken prisoner, 2, re-
leased, 3

ROOTES, George, recommended to Georgia
House, proposes bringing settlers from
Virginia, 118-9

ROSE, Col., offers supplies to Mcintosh fam-
ily, 101

ROSS, David, listed as Tory, 57

ROSS, William, listed as Tory, 57

RYAN, John, listed as Tory, 57

ST. ANDREWS Parish, confused condition,
9 ; little success in raising militia, 11 ;
resolutions of inhabitants, 50-1 ; resolve
of Parochial Committee, 56-7 ; list of
Tories, 57

ST. AUGUSTINE, report on troops there,
5, 7, 12. 46, 51 ; troops reported on march,
7 ; incursions from, 12, 13, 28, 37, 51 ;
mentioned, 14 ; measures to prevent plun-

dering from, 16 ; some Georgians move
to, 71

ST. CLAIR, Maj.-Gen. Arthur, president
Pennsylvania Cincinnati, 140

ST. CATHERINES Island, meager company
raised, 11 ; guard left on, 13

ST. GEORGES Parish, agitation against
Mcintosh, 68

ST. JOHN (sloop), approaches Savannah,
attacked, 2 ; stationed in St. Marys Riv-
er, 10

ST. JOHNS Parish, confused condition, 9 ;
efforts at start of war negligible, 159

ST. JOHNS River, mentioned, 28 ; scouts
to range, 58

ST. MATTHEWS Parish, actions of govern-
or in, 68

ST. MARYS River, rangers sent to, 19;
stockades to be built, 21, 22, 25. 28, 3U ;
Indians expected, 22 ; Elbert to make
stand at, 65

ST PAULS Parish, Wells leader in, 68;
ruinous condition of church, 88

ST. SIMONS Island, plundering on, 58;
see also Frederica

SALTER, Capt. John, at Buffalo Lick, 26,
30, 33

SALTUS, Samuel, in Disqualification Act,
93

SAMPLES, William, court martial, 75

SANDIFORD, John, in Disqualification
Act, 93

SAPELO Island, guard left on, 13 ; men-
tioned, 28, 41

SAPELO River, armed sloop in, 39

SATILLA River, stockades, 16, 21, 22, 25,
28, 30, 32, 34 ; scouts to range, 16, 58 ;
posts to be visited, 35 ; Fort Mcintosh
taken, 41-2 ; mentioned, 42, 65 ; post tak-
en, 46

SAVAGE, Thomas, in Disqualification Act,
93 ; mentioned, 99, 100

SAVANNAH, threatened, defense meas-
ures, 1 ; first action at, 2-3 : headquar-
ters in, 15, 17 ; council of war at, 61 ;
number of representatives in House, 69 ;
mentioned, 76 ; capture of, 78-9, 85, 86,
123; Mcintosh at siege, 109, 110, 111,
112; siege mentioned, 123, 124

SAVANNAH River, hulk sunk to block chan-
nel, 2 ; scouts to range, 16, 17, 18 ; men-
tioned, 76

SAXTON, Nathaniel, in Disqualification
Act, 85

SCARBOROUGH (ship), mentioned, 1

SCHAW, Daniel, member court martial, 74

SCHEUBER, Justus H., letter on survey-
ing property, 158

SCOTT, Brig. Gen. Charles, mentioned, 108

SCOTT, William, Capt. Georgia Line, 97

173

SCREVDN, James, mentioned, 24 ; orders

to, 41-2
SCRIMSGER, Charles, letter on Jamaica

hurricane, 134-5
SEA Islands, pilfered, 1 ; should be evacu-
ated, 15
SEEGAR, George, Clerk of General Assem-
bly, 81, 86; mentioned, 114; letter to
Congress referred to, 117, 122, 120 ; Glas-
cock denies knowledge of letter by him,
122, 123
SEIXAS, Lt., mentioned, 9, 10
SHACKLEFORD, John, on grand jury, 89
SHARP, John, in Disqualification Act, 95

SHP:FTALL, , mentioned, 29

SHEFTALL, Levi, in Disqualification Act,

94 : mentioned. 135
SHEFTALL, Mordecai, in Disqualification

Act, 92 ; letter on property, 148-9
SHEFTALL, SHEFTALL, in Disqualifica-
tion Act, 94
SHICK, Frederick, signs recommendation
of Georgia officers, 82, 112; Lt. Georgia
Line, 97

SINGER, , mentioned, 60

SIMPLER, Anderson, murdered, 50
SINGLETON. Mr., mentioned, 15, 17
SLAVES, encouraged to desert, 1 ; too
great licence allowed, 88 ; report on those
belonging to Mcintosh, 98-9 ; stolen from
William Mcintosh, 99, 100, 104 ; treat-
ment of those stolen, 119 ; desert Mcin-
tosh plantation, 144
SMALL Pox, spread of feared, 87
SMALLWOOD, Maj.-Gen. William, presi-
dent Maryland Cincinnati, 140
SMITH, Capt., killed by Indians, 32, 51
SMITH, John, mentioned, 86 ; in Disquali-
fication Act, 95
SNIDER, John, in Disqualification Act, 96
SOUTH CAROLINA, recruiting not suc-
cessful, 37 ; may claim Creek and Cher-
okee lands, 38 ; chance Georgia will be
joined to, 71 ; Mcintosh's opinion on Ga.-
S.C. boundary, 75-6 ; encroaching on
Georgia, 76, 77 ; character of people, 76 ;
Gazette mentioned, 89
Light Horse, ranging Altamaha River, 19,
32 ; want to return home, 20 : to remain
at Fort Howe, 21 ; under Elbert's com-
mand, 36 : ordered home, 39
Militia, aids in defense of Savannah, 1
SOUTHALL, Stephen, member court mar-
tial. 74
SPALDING, James, mentioned, 99
SPENCER, John, in Disqualification Act, 94
SPENCER, Samuel, in Disqualificaton Act,

95
SPIRIT Creek, mentioned, 78 ; roads and
bridges impassible, 88

STEPHENS, William. Chief Justice, 86, 89 ;
in Disqualification Act, 92

STIRK, Col. John, at Fort Howe, 42, 43,
45 : in Disqualification Act, 94

STIRK, Samuel, notice to commissioners
for Cherokee treaty, 64 ; Secretary Execu-
tive Council, S4 ; in Disqualification Act,
94 ; delegate to Congress, 100 ; commis-
sioner to confer with Tonyn, 101 ; state-
ment on Mcintosh, 112-3

STOCKADES, to be built, 16, 17, 18, 21-2 ;
25, 26, 35, 37, 79

STONE, Thomas, in Disqualification Act,
93

STROHAGER, Rudolph, in Disqualification
Act. 94

STUART, Allen, delegate to Provincial Con-
gress, 51

STUART (Stewart). John, meets with In-
dian war council, 14 ; commissary men-
tioned, 52 ; accused of lying to Creeks, 59

SULLIVAN'S Island, mentioned, 8

SUMNER, Brig-Gen. Jethro, president North
Carolina Cincinnati, 140

SUMMERS, , on Ossabaw Island, 11

SUMMERS, Col., mentioned. 13

SUMTER, Thoma.s, at Fort Howe, 42-3, 45 ;
mentioned, 44, 48, 61, 62, 63

SUNBURY, meager company raised, 11 ;
mentioned, 21, 58 ; council of war at,
61, 62 ; number representatives in House,
69

SUTCLIFFB. John, in Disqualification Act,
94 ; mentioned, 150

SUTHERLAND (Southerland), John, listed
as Tory, 57

SUTHERLAND'S Bluff, guard ordered, 13

SWINEY (Swinney), Richard, in Disquali-
fication Act, 96

TAARLING, Peter, in Disqualification Act,
93

TAYLOR, Philip, member court martial, 74

TELFAIR, Edward, in Disqualification Act,
93 ; delegate to Congress, 100 ; mentioned,
lOOn ; address on state finances, 154-6

TENN, Zachariah, see Fenn

TENNILLE, Francis, signs recommendation
of Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Georgia Line,
97 ; signs statement of officers. 112, 129

THOMPSON, Col. William (?). troops re-
quested to fix forts, 32 ; mentioned, 38 ;
suggested for Fort Charlotte 45

THOMSON, Charles, extract from minutes
of Congress, 114-5

THREADCRAFT, George, delegate to Pro-
vincial Congress, .51 ; mentioned, 54

TODD, Alexander, listed as Tory. 57

TONYN. Patrick, accused of lying to Creeks,
59 : agreement on conduct of war, 101-3,
104, 119

174

TORIES, not worth notice in Georgia, 8 ;
St. Andrews Parish list, 57

TREUTLEN, John Adam, maltes voters sign
petition against Mcintosh, 68 ; Wereat'e
opinion of, 71 ; elected by majority of
one vote, 71 ; accused of breaking con-
stitution, 71 ; threatens to resign, 72 ; as-
sociates with Nocturnal Club, 74 ; men-
tioned, 77, 80 ; in Disqualification Act, 92

TROUP, George, requests corn, 140

TUGALO River, mentioned, 70

TURTLE River, mentioned, 58

TWIGGS, John, pursues enemy, 78 ; at-
tends Council, 81 ; in Disqualification Act,
93 ; statement on Mcintosh, 109 ; men-
tioned, 111

TWO SISTERS Ferry, mentioned, 86

TYBEE Island, British ships at, 1, 5, 9,
10, 26 ; British retreat to, 3 ; pilot house
burnt, plundering, 12 ; fort to be built, 18

UNSELD, Mrs., mentioned, 74
U. S. Constitution, letter from Mcintosh
on, 144-6

VALLEY Forge, mentioned, 108
VAN ALLEN, Mr., mentioned, 162
VANNOY, Andrew, member court martial,

74
VERNER, Robert, member court martial, 74
VIRGINIA, troops recruited in, 24, 46 ; re-
cruits arrive in Georgia, 24 ; recruiting
not successful, 37 ; troops have no tents,
78 ; settlers from proposed for Georgia,
118-9

WADE, , mentioned, 150

WADE, Nehemiah, in Disqualification Act,
93

WADE'S Tavern, mentioned, 74

WAGGNON, J. P., Lt. Georgia Line, 97 ;
signs statement of officers, 112

WALACON, Daniel, on grand jury, 89

WALLACE, David, witness in murder case,
50

WALLINGTON, Capt., mentioned, 150

WALSH, Patrick, Capt. Georgia Dragoons,
98

WALTON, George (the Signer), mentioned,
6, 8 ; Mcintosh reports military success,
8-9 ; Mcintosh writes of intrigues, 23-4 ;
return of troops sent to, 24-5 ; letter to,
37-8 ; letter from Wereat on Mcintosh in-
trigue, 66-72 ; complains of Mcintosh to
Congress, 80 ; attends Council, 81-2 ; one
of usurpers of Georgia government, 89 ;
in Disqualification Act. 92 ; reputation,
100-01 ; inquiry into conduct re Mcintosh,
108-17 ; declares he will have Mcintosh
removed, 110 ; letter to Congress men-
tioned, 112, 114 ; would break Mcintosh,

113, 125; letter on Mcintosh affair, 113-
4, 115-6 ; memorial on Mcintosh referred
to, 116 ; fitness for bench questioned,
120 ; part in conspiracy on Mcintosh,
122-6 ; exchanged, attempts against Coun-
cil, Governor and delegate to Congress,
124 ; in conspiracy to usurp government,
125

WALTON, Capt. George (cousin of the
Signer), mentioned, 24; recruiting orders
to, 26-7 ; death, 72

WALTON, Jesse, Lt. Georgia Line, 97

WALTON, John (brother of George), com-
missioner for Cherokee treaty, 63 ; ill, 72

WALTON, Robert, Capt. 1st Battalion of
Foot, 24 ; in Disqualification Act, 93

WAR Losses, opinion of Board of Claims,
126-9

WARD, Col., buys stolen slaves, 86

WARD, Lt.. killed, 64

WASHINGTON, George, letters to. 1-5 ; Mc-
intosh reports situation in Georgia, 45-7 ;
to be requested to reassign Mcintosh, 83 ;
invitation to dinner honoring, 148

WASHINGTON, Thomas, confined for horse
stealing, 13, 15 ; in Disqualification Act,
95

WAYNE, Anthony, mentioned, 150, 151

WEATHERFORD, Martin, on grand jury,
89

WEBDON, Brig. Gen., mentioned, 108

WELLS, George, complains of Light Horse,
26 ; agitates against Mcintosh, 68 ; rep-
resentative of Wilkes County, 69 ; one of
usurpers of Georgia government, 89 ;
appointed to Council, 124

WELSH, , Capt. Light Horse, 98

WEREAT, John, mentioned, 8, 23, 56n, 99 ;
delegate to Provincial Congress, 51 ; com-
missioner for Cherokee treaty, 63 ; let-
ter on intrigue against Mcintosh, 66-72 ;
movements after fall of Savannah, 86 ;
foreman of grand jury, 89 ; in Disqualifi-
cation Act, 92 ; notes on Glascock forg-
ery, 96 ; commissioner to confer with
Tonyn, 101 ; correspondence with Jack-
son on defending Mcintosh, 104-6 ; state-
ment on Mcintosh mentioned, 112 ; Mc-
intosh's account with public, 133-4 ; let-
ter from Mcintosh on proposed Consti-
tution, 144-6 ; letters from Mcintosh on
claims, with reply, 150-3 ; reception in
Philadelphia, 152

WEST, Joseph, court martial, 75

WEST, Samuel, Capt. Light Horse, 98 ; in
Disqualification Act, 95

WEST FLORIDA, Indians encouraged to
war on Georgia, 47

WESTERN Settlements, state of alarm, 45

WHITE, John, on St. Catherines Island,

175

11 ; orders to, 13 ; in Disqualification
Act. 93

WHITTIER. , settlement burned, 58

WILKES County, illegally represented, 69 ;
one of two counties not in possession of
enemy, 89, 90

WILKINSON, John, extracts from minutes
of Assembly on Mcintosh, 109-14 ; 117-8

WILLIAMS, , plantation destroyed, 9 ;

taken prisoner, 15

WILLIAMS, Benjamin, witness in court
martial, 75

WILLIAMS, Sampson, raiding in Georgia,
11

WILLIAMS, William, plantation plundered,
58

WILLIAMS, William, Jr., witness in mur-
der case, 50

WILLIAMSON, Andrew, in Disqualification
Act, 93

WILLIS, Major, deputy from Virginia for
bringing in settlers, 118

WILSON, John, on grand jury, 89 ; in Dis-
qualification Act, 95

WILSON, Lt., orders to, 22

WINN, John, Sr., in Disqualification Act,
95

WINN, Richard, ordered to Barrington, 35,
38 ; troops sent to assist, 41

WITHERSPOON, , rice and corn from

plantation for provisions, 31

WITHERSPOON, John, delegate to Provin-
cial Congress, 53

WOODFORD, Brig. Gen. William, mention-
ed, 108

WOOD, Capt., resigned, 97

WOOD, John, nominally pay master, 70

WOOD, Joseph, delegate elect to Congress,
68 ; Wereafs opinion of, 68 ; illegal rep-
resentative from Effingham, 69 ; charges
against, 70 ; delegate to Congress, 73 ; in
Disqualification Act, 93

WOOD, Joseph, Jr., in Disqualification Act,
93

WOODRUFFE, Joseph, orders to, 14 ; cap-
tured, 28 ; possibility of exchange, 29 ; in
Disqualification Act, 93

WORMWOOD, Hercules, questions Walton's
fitness for bench, 120

WRIGHT, Dionysius, in Disqualification
Act, 95

WRIGHT, Sir James, breaks parole, 1

WRIGHT, Shadrach, Capt. Georgia Line. 96

WRIGHTS Fort, threatened, 10

WYCHE, George, in Disqualification Act, 95

WYLLY, Richard, in Disqualification Act,
94 ; letter from Sheftall on property,
148-9

YAMACRAW, battery erected, 2
YANKOW, The, mentoned, 6
YOUNG, Thomas, listed as Tory, 57

ZUBLY, John Joachim, faction mentioned,
6 ; delegate to Congress, 159

176