Collections 

of the 

Georgia Historical Society 

Vol. XII 

The Papers of Lachlan McIntosh, 1774-1779 ^^11*?*^"! 

Edited by 
LiLLA M. Hawes 




SAVANNAH, GEORGIA 
THE GEORGIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY 

1957 



Digitized by the Internet Archive 

in 2010 with funding from 

Lyrasis IVIembers and Sloan Foundation 



http://www.archive.org/details/collectionsofgeo12mcin 



INTRODUCTION 

The papers of Major-General Lachlan Mcintosh (1727-1806) 
are of unusual interest and value, not only because they contain 
much military history of Georgia during the Revolution, but 
more especially because they show the political situation in the 
state during the war and immediately thereafter. So far as the 
records show, however, the rather large collection of his papers 
at the Georgia Historical Society (71 items, comprising his letter 
book, 68 miscellaneous letters and papers and 2 maps) have been 
consulted only a few times and none of them, except two of the 
letters to George Washington, have ever been published. 

We believe that these papers were once in the collection of 
Joseph Vallance Bevan^ as "A table of the documents collected 
by Joseph Vallence [sic] Bevan . . ."^ lists many, but not all of 
them. Bevan died in 1830 and in 1840 the Georgia Historical 
Society appointed a committee to ask Dr. William C. Daniell, 
the administrator of his estate, for the entire collection of papers. 
The committee "made a report adverse to the request."^ At some 
later date the Society came into possession of some, if not all that 
then remained, of the Bevan papers, though nothing has been 
found in the Minutes to indicate how or when they were acquired. 

Many of the papers in this collection are copies which Mcin- 
tosh retained; some of the originals found their way to other de- 
positories and private collections. 

We have recently been given photostats of Mcintosh papers in 
the New York Public Library, The New York Historical Society, 
The Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Duke University, The 
William L. Clements Library at the University of Michigan, 
Draper Manuscripts at the State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 
and the National Archives. These supplement the papers in this 

1. Bevan, a lawyer of Savannah, began writing a history of Georgia 
about 1825. He amassed a large collection of papers, some originals and 
others copied from private collections and state archives. The originals of 
many which he copied have since been lost. What remains of his manuscript 
history and other papers are in the Georgia Historical Society library. 

2. This list is mentioned as being in the Peter Force Georgia Transcripts 
in the Library of Congress in Handbook of Manuscripts in the Library of 
Congress (Washington, 1918), 140. A copy of the list was furnished us by 
the Department of Archives and History in Atlanta. 

3. Minutes of the Georgia Historical Society, I, 24, 26. Manuscript. 



Society's collection and many of them bear characteristic nota- 
tions by Mcintosh, which indicates they were once a part of 
his own collection which became widely scattered some time after 
his death. 

We also have a microfilm of the Mcintosh papers in the Peter 
Force Georgia Transcripts in the Library of Congress. Many of 
these are copies of originals now in this library; others are on the 
Bevan list of documents, which shows that they, too, were once 
a part of Mcintosh's collection. Some of the Force Transcripts 
are so faded they cannot be read on the film. 

Some of the following papers are in very bad condition, faded 
and mutilated. As many of them are rough draft copies, they 
are full of insertions and crossed-out words and phrases, making 
the task of transcription difficult. They are published here as in 
the original except that raised letters have been lowered, dashes 
in the middle of sentences have been changed to commas or semi- 
colons and those at the end of sentences have been changed to 
periods. Where words or phrases have been carelessly repeated, 
e.g., "Certified Certified," the repeated words have been eliminated. 

We are indebted to Mrs. Edward H. Hopson for her invaluable 
aid in helping copy and proofread the papers and to Alexander 
A. Lawrence for his advice and suggestions. 



PART I 

Letter Book 

1 776 - 1777* 



4. This letter book is in very mutilated condition, faded and barely 
legible in places. Most words that are missing entirely have been indicated 
by three dashes for each word as nearly as could be determined how many 
are missing. In many instances only parts of words are missing. The miss- 
ing parts have been supplied between brackets. Some words which are miss- 
ing and which seem obvious from the context have been bracketed in. Most 
of the letters are in Mcintosh's hand; others were copied in by clerks. For- 
tunately the first two letters were previously published in Peter Force, ed.. 
American Archives (Washington, 1844), 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 119, 1106-07. The 
letters as given here are filled in from this source. The differences in spell- 
ing, punctuation and capitalization are the differences between the copy 
and the one in the letter book. The second letter, dated April 28, 1776, is 
also in George White, Historical Collections of Georgia (New York, 1854), 
95-96. 




LETTER BOOK OF LACHLAN McINTOSH, 1776-1777. 

Savannah, in Georgia, March 8, 1776. 
Sir: I did myself the honour to write to your Excellency the i6th. 
ult.,^ which, for want of conveyance, lies here still, as our Continental 
post is not well regulated this length yet. It is hardly worth troubling 
you with any report of our battalion, as I have heard from very few 
of our recruiting officers, and we have only between twenty and 
thirty men of them in town; but the transactions here since that time 
may deserve some notice. The men-of-war at Tybee, though still 
giving out that they had no hostile intentions against this Colony, 
were encouraging our slaves to desert to them, pilfering our Sea- 
Islands for provisions, and our Governour broke his parole of honour, 
and went privately in the night with his family aboard the Scarbor- 
ough, Captain Barclay, which gave us every reason to expect they 
meant to land at or near the town, destroy it, and carry off about 
twenty sail of shipping lying in the river, having, among other articles, 
near three thousand tierces of rice on board. 

Between three and four hundred of our own Militia, and one hun- 
dred from South-Carolina, were all that could be got to defend an 
open, straggling, defenceless, and deserted town, with numberless ave- 
nues leading to it, and those men under no control or command what- 
soever; and, to add to the anarchy and confusion we were in, our 
Council of Safety had not met for some time, having differed about 
the meaning of a resolve of the Continental Congress respecting the 
ships sailing the ist of March. In this desparate state of affairs, I ven- 
tured to take the command of the Militia, lest the Colony should be 
tamely given up, though, I must acknowledge, with some reluctance; 
and, after examining very particularly, as I was unacquainted, around 
the town, I placed guards everywhere the enemy could land, and am- 
bushes in the different roads leading to it, which made the duty very 

5. The letter referred to here is in White, Historical Collections, 92-93. 



severe, and reduced our number in town greatly. In the meantime, 
the Cherokee, the two transports, the armed vessels and boats, came 
up the river within two and a half miles of town, near where we sunk 
a hulk in the channel of the river, and opposite to Brewton's planta- 
tion, where I placed a detachment of hundred and fifty men, under 
command of Colonel Bullock, expecting they would attempt to land 
there. The enemy were parading with their boats for several days 
within gunshot of our sentinels, who, though they were ordered not 
to fire unless they were fired upon first, or they attempted to land, 
gave them several shot, but were not returned. 

Our Council of Safety were got together, and resolved the shipping 
should not sail, and ordered they should be unrigged. The evening of 
the 2d March, one of the transport ships, (The Schooner Hinchin- 
brook,) and Sloop St. John, of eight or ten guns each, with some boats, 
sailed in our sight up the North River, back of Hutchinson's Island, 
lying opposite the Town of Savannah, but so far off that a little 
battery we had below the town, which played upon them, could do 
no damage to them. Expecting the enemy intended coming round 
Hutchinson's Island, and down the south side of it, to make their land- 
ing good at Yamacraw, (a village three or four hundred yards above 
the town,) I had three four-pounders carried there, a little battery 
erected in haste, and threw up intrenchments, and withdrew part 
of the guard at Brewton's, without weakening too much, or with- 
drawing any of our ambushes on that side, lest it might be a feint 
to deceive us. About the middle of the same night (as we were after- 
wards informed) the Commodore, Barclay, and Majors Grant and 
Maitland, with about three hundred men, as it was said, landed on 
the back of Hutchinson's Island, with some howitzers and field-pieces, 
and, with the assistance and contrivance of all our own seafaring peo- 
ple, and many from the town, crossed the Island and hid themselves 
aboard of our merchant ships, which were previously hauled close 
to the Island, a little above our battery at Yamacraw, for that pur- 
pose. Early^ on Sunday, the 3d, the two armed vessels, intending to 
cover the enemy's landing, had come round the Island, and, coming 
down on the south side, were attacked by parties of riflers ordered 
for that purpose, and kept smartly engaged on both sides most of 
the day, until they lost the tide and got around; while two sailors, 
(Americans,) at the risk of their lives, stole ashore and informed me 
the enemy were hid on board our merchantmen, and had taken 
Joseph Rice prisoner, who was employed to unrig them that morning. 
To confirm this intelligence, Messrs. Demere and Roberts were order- 
ed to go only alongside the vessels, and, M'ithout arms, to demand 
our fellow-citizen, Mr. Rice; but, to our astonishment, they were also 



forced on board and kept, which convinced us our information was 
true; and immediately our Httle battery of three guns began to play 
upon them, which they returned, and was continued very smartly 
with ball, langrage, and small-arms, from both sides for several hours. 
Our men were inflamed, particularly at our own People who had 
treacherously Joined the Enemy against us and were eager to Board 
them, but we had neither boats. Sailors, or arms Proper for the at- 
tempt, and the oars of the few Boats we had were previously stole 
away, the General cry then was, to set all the Shiping on fire; in 
attempting of which many of our People showed great Resolution 
& Bravery; but, unfortunately the First Ship set on fire, (valued at 
;^ 20,000 Sterling) was so large that she Grounded before she got up 
to the others. Afterwards a Sloop was fired, which burned two others, 
while the rest were Cutting away, amidst the Shot of our Rifles & 
Langrage, & Sliping higher up the river, out of our reach with the 
last of the Flood. In the mean time, many of the soldiers hastily 
landed on the Island, in great confusion, running in the marsh in a 
laughable manner, for fear of our rifles, though far past their reach, 
until they got aboard a tire of ships higher up the river, and out of 
the reach of our guns, near the armed vessels. In this manner ten sail of 
our vessels went along with the enemy round the upper end of the 
Island (a channel never known before) with sixteen hundred barrels 
of rice, w ith the utmost anxiety and fear. 

After being foiled in their scheme upon the town, the Commodore 
and Majors eagerly and repeatedly solicited a cessation of hostilities, 
for which they promised immediately to repair to Tybee, and not to 
molest us again; which was at length granted them with seeming diffi- 
culty, though the truth was, we had no means of annoying them by 
water. The rest of the Shiping we Halted close to the Wharfs, con- 
fined some of their Captains for acting against us, with our Chief- 
Justice and some Counsellors untill they released our Fellow Citizens 
Demere, Roberts, and Rice, and send them up from Tybee, where 
our Enemys are all now gone. Whether thev Intend to try us again 
or not, I am not able to inform your Excely. in this I think, they 
rather lost than gain'd any reputation, and have done us great 
Honour by being the Second Province on the Continent which they 
have attacked and were shamefully foiled, we had in all our Different 
Engagements, but two white men and one Indian wounded^ slightly. 
They must have many both killed and wounded, though they ac- 
knowledge but six. Several were seen to fall. 



6. Letter book copy reads "but two white men & wounded 



I have the honour to be, your Excellency's most obedient and 
most humble servant, 

Lachlan Mcintosh. 

To His Excellency George Washington, Esquire, Captain- 
General and Commander-in-Chief of all the Continental 
Forces in America. 

P.S. The ships-of-war have taken all the rice (sixteen hundred bar- 
rels) out of the merchantmen that so treacherously went down with 
them, and put it aboard their two transport ships, without paying a 
farthing for it. They claim one-eighth for "wresting them out of 
the hands of the Rebels," as the Commodore's certificate expresses 
it; but I doubt they will keep the other seven-eighths also. 

L. McI. 

Savannah, in Georgia, April 28, 1776 
Sir I wrote to your Excellency the i6th of February and 8th. of 
March to which please to be referred; and now inclose you a report 
of our battalion, made to me this Day which I defered sending you 
before, in expectation of our officers comeing in with all their re- 
cruits, but the distance they were obliged to go rendered it impossible. 
I am informed that Captain Colson is on his way with his company 
nearly complete;^ & with the other recruiting officers may make 
above 70 or 80 Men more than the report; and is altogether above 
half the compliment of the Battalion, which is more than the oldest 
Battalion in South Carolina can boast of yet, tho near twelve Months 
Standing, & their encouragement so much greater, their bounty be- 
ing ^25 South Carolina Curren[c]y the like sum for cloaths besides 
their rations and pay which is also better than ours, and if the ease 
in which the poorest People generaly live in the Southern Coloneys 
and the prejudice they have to any regular service, on account of 
the restraint that any thing of a strict discipline requires is consid- 
ered, I flatter myself your Excellency will think we have not been 
idle. Chief of the men are inlisted for twelve months; some for 
eighteen; and a few who would not engage for more than six months, 
whom I have admitted, as I had no directions about the time, and 
could not tell how soon we might have occasion for them. 

Our Province allows six dollars per man, inlisting money; and, 
upon application have raised it now to Eight dollars; which is still 
too little for the bounty of the Men, and expense of the officer whose 
pay is so small that they can barely aff^ord to live in an extravagant 

7. Letter book copy reads "with near his company - - -" 



Country like this, where there are no kind of Manufactures & the 
small remains of Goods advanced two or three hundred per cent. 
Indeed, I fear we shall be at the greatest loss to make out cloathing 
of any kind for them or what is far worse proper Arms. The officers 
who are not recruiting Employ all their time in Training themselves 
& the Battallion on which Spectators are pleased to pay high compli- 
ments, for the proficiency they have already made, and appearance 
of the men, &c. The Raven and Cherokee are the only two ships of 
war which remains now stationed at Tybee, in the mouth of savan- 
nah river, with whom we have no kind of communication. Several 
armed Vessels infest our other Inletts to the Southward, and made 
several captures which we cannot prevent, as we have not a single 
Vessel of any force but they have always been drove off the Shore 
when they attempted to get a supply of provision. 

We are informed there are two thousand men now in St. Augustine, 
lately arrived, and that they expect more daily; but this wants con- 
firmation, as I think, in that poor starved colony, they must be much 
pinched for provision. This Province is now raising a troop of sixty 
horse, to prevent their getting any cattle from our Southern boun- 
dary, and another troop, of a like number to protect our Western 
settlements from the insults of Indians who are like to be troublesome. 

All things considered I certainly think this Colony should have a 
considerable Force to defend and secure it, as its safety is of the ut- 
most consequence to the great cause of the Continent, the Troops of 
our Neighbouring Province are all upon provincial Establishment, 
and at a distance, therefore, their assistance may depend upon many 
circumstances. 

I have the Honour to be your Excellency's most obt. & most 
humble servant, 

Lachlan Mcintosh 
To His Excellency, George Washington, Esqr. 
General and Commander in Chief 

Savannah in Georgia 
1 May [1776] 
Butten Guinette Esqr. 

D[ea]r Guinette I have remained constantly in  since I saw 
yoB, & have not heard of your fa[mily] and seldom from my own, 
in all that time, [I] suppose nothing extraordinary has happened, or 
[other] wise I should be informed. Our Enemys ha[ve] attempted 
nothing worth notice, save some [of their] Vessels Attemting to pil- 
fer in the Southern Fr[ontier] and makeing some captures in them, 
and up I recom[end]ed to congress the rai[sing]  60 



Horse, each one of them    [assau]lts of these pirates, 
to Supplys being sent [St.] Augustine [to] pro- 
tect the Western [settlements] from the [depre]dations of the In- 
dians in bad humour, & both a A Fort is also ordered 

to be [built at the] mouth of the river Alatam[aha]   with a 
small partey and an arm'd boat   a great measure prevent the 
Ini[quitous] Trafique, of carr^ung rice and [other] Provision from 
that river. These things [and] many others absolutely necessary for 
the [safe]ty & protection of this exposed Coloney who [have] sacri- 
ficed much more than any other on the [contin]ent, deserve the con- 
sideration of the General   should be made a General Charge. 
[We] have been the second Colony in America that [has] been 
attacked, and the Enemy repulsed (weak [though] we are) with 
ignominy & Disgrace which undoubtedly [w]ill not pass unnoticed 
in your August Houses and the principal actors Indemnified, how- 
ever the Zublian Faction may prevail to Smother [i]t for their own 
Sinister Ends, the Bearer Major Walton is Just ready to mou[nt] 
Horse to Join you in Congress, & wi[ll]   I woud say much 
more to     Information shall      [seve]ral 

Letters I wrote to you may comm[unicate] 

Ga. Delegates, or the Congress at Large proper. My best 

compliments [to] the Yankow, & tell him he must  
I am Dear Guinette, 

Yours af 

Lieut. Col. Elbert, To His Excellency Gener[al Lee] 

Savannah 14th May i [776] 

Sir, I congratulate your Excelly. on y[our] arrival in South Caro- 
lina, & am happy to k[now of the] appointment of a Gentleman of 
your Character [and] abilities to the Chief Military Command in 

the the Colony of Georgia. The Hble the Continenta[l Congress] 

having directed a Battalion to be raised for t[he defense] of the 
Province I judge it my Duty (in the a[bsence of] our Colo. Mcin- 
tosh who is at present on our [Southern] Frontiers on some Im- 
portant Business) to in [close for you]r Excellencys information a 
return of the   

The Officers & what Men we ha[ve] tive, take Disciplin 

very fast & only want pr[oper ar]ms & Cloathing to make them ap- 
pear formidable. 

We have several Recruiting Officers out but [are dou]btful of 
their Success, as the Carolinians give much greater Bounty in their 
Provincial Service. 



By an Officer who lately made his escape from [St.] Augustine 
we have certain Intelligence of near a [t]housand Ministerial Troops 
being in that Garris[on]. What their Intentions may be is uncertain, 
but I am Firmly of opinion it is to make a diversion [in] this Pro- 
vince conjunction with the Indians take advantage of Circum- 
stances to assist and  with the Armament now in north Carolin[a] 
    nsion the Savages are too Much inclin'd [to use] the 
Hatchet against us & should that   this Province without Im- 
mediate assistance [from the] Northward would be reduced to the 
greatest  Imagineable. I have this moment been [informed] that 
an Hundred of the Above Troops with [their of]ficers have lately 
marched towards the  Nation. I have the Honour to be 

Very Respectfully 
Your Excelleys. Most Obt Servt. 
S.E. 

Savannah 28th May 1776 
[Sir] a few days since I receiv'd a pa[cket f]rom Thomas Bullit 
Esqr deputy Adjutant gen[eral] of the Southern district directing 
that a return [of the] Georgia Battalion of Continental troops be 
Im [mediately] made to your Excellency in Compliance therewith 
I take the first opp. of Inclosing the same. 

The Number of Men we have at present th[ough] far short of the 
compliments by much exceed our ex[pectations] Considering the 
Infant state of the Colony and at [the] same time a much larger 
Bounty given by our neig[h]bouring province in their Provincial 
Service, however you may depend upon. Sir, that the Officers and 
we have are unexceptionable and such as [will cover] them- 
selves with Honour, whenever put to Try[al.] Pity it is, that they 

are badly arm'd w and have no camp equipage at all notwith- 

st[anding] I am certain so hea[r]ty are they in the glorious [cause of] 
their Country that they would chearfully ta[ke the] Field when 
necessary tho they should have n[o more] Covering than the canopy 
of heaven. W[e have] undoubted information of about a thousand  
Troops being the other day in St Augusteen, an  of them with 
proper Officers have marched for [the] Nation of Indians with In- 
tent no doubt to be [joined] by those Savages in making a diversion 
on our [South] em Boundary. This being the only province [in] 
which our enimies could get fresh provisions [because] of our in- 
ability to oppose them. I submit to [your] Excellencys Judgement 
w[h] ether an imedeate add[itional] force might not be necessary to 
prevent them shoul[d] they make an Attempt in order to supply 



their frien[ds] who may be acting against the Carolina's & Virginia 
which tis very probable they Intend by having such a force in the 
Above Garrison. Our Colo. Mcintosh is at present on some Business 
to the Southward of the Province he is expected to return in a few 
days. When I have no doubt he will give you every necess[ary] 
Information in his power. I have the honour [to] be very respect- 
fu[lly] 

Yr. Excellen[cy's] 

(Copy) Mo. ob[t. & hble Servt.] 

[To General Lee ?] S.E. 

Savannah ii July 1776 
[Sir] Yesterday I receiv'd a letter from your Cousin  Walton 
when you arrived in Williamsburg the 12th. ult [but n]ot a line 
from you, which gives me this oppty [bad a]s I am at writing of 
getting you in my debt  the News from the Southward is Glorious 
 since you left us Sr Peter Parkers Fleet whom [we] have been 
threatened with so long & was the subject [of] every Gazette in 
Europe is totally Ruind in the very [f]irst attempt they made on 
Sulivan's Island to which I [?] was Eye witness. And the Armys under 
the Generals Clinton & Lord Comwallis kept at Bay on a Little 

[islan]d contiguous to it without dareing to attempt , but I need 

not enter into particulars [a]s our friend Werriat will be the bearer 
of this to you Who is acquainted with every circumstance. Shall 
therefore only Join in the general Joy and Congratulate you our 
Friends & Country on our happy success. Mr Werriat will also in- 
form you of the Particulars of all our Transactions in this Colony 
since your departure, which will save Me some scribbling & at least 
a Sheet of Paper a very scarce article. The fate of Sr Peter Parker 
may probably determine that of America  which you know I have 
look't upon for some [time?] past as separated & Independant of 
any other people or Power upon Earth. Yet I w[ould be] Content to 
continue untill the Constitutions [of the seve]ral Colonys are Settled 
& fixt well which re [quires] Mature Deliberation, & I apprehend 

better d Under the Rodd [?] & some difficulties. We are two 

much Elated & feel the want of a good [govern] ment, the Torys 
now amongst us are ha[rdly worth] our Notice unless it is with pity 
& Contempt. Other parties arise who I fear have other Vie[ws] than 
an equal & Just Government & the hap[piness] of Mankind. Much I 
think is in the pow[er of] the General Congress to remedy these 
grow[ing]  but hints to you are Sufficient. Please t[ell]  friend 
Guinnet (to whom I wrote by you) th[at] I have not time or paper 



now to write to [him]. That I saw Mrs Guinnett and his Daughter 
w[hen] I was last at the Southward the only time since he went away 
& they were both well & sent him a Letter from Nephew some time 
ago by the Post. Please also to give my Complimen[ts] to him & 
Dr Hall & except the same yrself from 

Dear Sir 
(Copy) Yr Sincere frien[d] & humble S[ervt] 

George Walton Esqr. Lachn McIn[tosh] 

Savannah 29th. October 1776. 
[General Robert] Howe 

Dear General. I wrote you already this day, & this moment [re- 
ceiv]ed an Express from the [Sou]thward that the Indians & people 
from East [Flori]da after Destroying Old Williams Plantation  Fort 
Barrington upon the Altamaha [the]y Crossed that River & it is Said 
have [at]tacted it, before day yesterday, which has [on]ly Eighteen 
men to Defend the post St. Andw. [and] St. Johnes parishes are in 
the utmost Con[fus]ion, no militia Can be had as they are [bus]y 
moving theire families, & I heare [no] thing of the Carolina Horse 
yet, the Express who brought this Account, Says a plantation was 
Robbd yesterday Ten miles from St. Johnes meeting House, what 
Dependance Can be plac'd upon this, I know not, but I must Sett 
off immeadiatly, to the Southward, with what fiew Horse men, I 
Can Collect. I am in haste Sir 

Your most Obt. Servant 
Lac Mcintosh 

H[is] Excellcy General Lee 

Sir I was honour [e]d with yr Excellencys [letter] of the 18 Inst, 
by Colo. Elbt. & well pleasd [that] you had the safety of this Colony 
so much [at] Heart. I send Lieut Seixas of our Bat[talion] Express 
to Inform yr Excellcy. that I am J[ust] told by a Gentleman come 
up the River [that] he saw a 50 Gun ship yesterday afternoon Sail- 
ing over our Barr into the River wh[ere] 3 other ships lay at anchor 
& 5 oth[ers]  under Sail out side which fir'd several Gu[ns] and 
are probably in by this time. This I [felt] proper to give yr Excellcy 
the earliest Intelligence of as I immagine those Gentry will not be 
guilty a second time of the same delay as in Carolina or allow us 
to prepare for them o[r] yr Excellcy to meet them here again. I 
have not any doubt myself but this is the fleet from Charlestown. I 
ever was of the opinion they could not in Honour goe away with- 
out attempting something & no place so probable as Georgia. 



[I will] con[t]inually inform you of the iVIovements of [the e]nemy 
& if we should not see your Excellency  [s]oon which I hope will 
not be the case [I wi]ll be glad of your orders. 

I have the Honour to be yr Excellcys 

Most Obt humble Servt 

L.M. 
Sav[annah] in Georgia 25 July 76 
I enclose yesterdays Report. 

26th. July 1776 

Sir, I wrote to you yesterday by Lieut Seixas [expre]ss to acquaint 
you of an Information I received [frojm a Gentleman of Carolina, 
& since confirmd by [ajnother person whom I am Told may be 
rely'd on, that [a] large Ship supposed of fifty Guns was ov^er Tybee 
Barr & sailing up. Since that I have sent two of our Officers, Captn 
Bowen & Lieut Habersham down the River, as near as they could 
venture & they assure me there are but three Ships at anchor there 
supposed to be the Raven the Cherokee &  Bisels Ship which has 
lain there since Barkley went away. I have not the least doubt but 
the Ships mention'd yesterday were seen & are gone away again & 
I learn since as if they Intended by this saihng to go i[n]to Buefort 
Inlet. I have the Honour to be Sir 

Yr mo obt hble Servt 

Savannah 29 J[uly 1776] 
To His Excellency Genl. Lee 

Sir, I wrote to your Excellency the 25th by Lieutt S[eixas] & the 
26th by Lieutt. Milton, neither of whom are yet [returned.] Nothing 
extraordinary has come to my knowledge  I forgot then to inform 
you that a party of our Ho[rse] near Wrights Fort upon St. Marys 
River with an  to take it, but the armed Schooner St. John  Sta- 
tioned near the Fort in that River, & a Company [of] i6th. Graham's 
intrenched three Miles above it, & a rep[ort] that 200 Indians were 
come to that River to cut off [their] retreat. Obhged them to desist, 
& retire to the next  Satilla, where they are still encampt; besides 
they [had no] Artillery many of their Horses were stole & most 
of [ficers] as well as the Men were Jaded & tired out  & bad weather. 
In the mean time about two thousand Head of Cattle were carryed 
off by Two Troops of Horse the Enemy have lately raised in East 
Florida. I heartily wish the settlements of the Country were entirely 
broke up, & Confined to their Castle. It would give the Colony some 

10 



rest from their Pilferers by Land & Water, and detach the Creek 
Indians from their Interest. I am Your Excellencys Most 

Obedient Humble Servant 

Savannah Tuesday 29th. October 1776 
[Sir] This moment I reed, an Express from  Lieut. Coll. Wm. 
Mcintosh that a great [number] of Indians and white's crossed the 
[Alta]maha River, attacked Barrington, [de]stroyed some Planta- 
tions around it, &  the whole neighbourhood are in the [utmost] 
Consternation moving their Families  therefore you are to make 
haste down there with what Horse you can collect in a hurry, with- 
out [wai]ting to fix any forts but what you [ha]ve already to the 
Westward. 

I am in Haste 

Your most Obedt. Sert. 

Headqrs. Savannah Georgia 19th. Novr. 1776 
Sir, I find you are desired by your Commandg. Officer to return 
with your party to North Carolina to Join your Corps, and as you 
have but twelve Men & some of them Sick in your party, I will 
allow you & them to march to your Province. 

The Value of the Horse, with the Saddle & Bridle will be allowed 
your Province, if they are got again, as you think you cannot wait 
for them. I wish you a good Journey & am Sir 

Your Hble Servt. 
L M 
To Valantine Beard 

Cornet of a Company of North Carolina Light Horse 

Savannah ist. October 1776 
Sir The Account of the Indians & Scouts from East [Florida] men- 
tioned in my last was confirmed by Capt. [Allen] who made his 
escape from Augustine last W[ednes]day, Week he says Proctor & 

Langly Bry 200 Indians with them, that McGirth M Sampson 

Williams had each of them a party [of] Horse Men. Capt. William 
Mcintosh who returned to Barrington from Savannah went Im- 
medeately Over the Alatamaha after them with his Troop & such 
Miserable worn out Horse as he had, untill some Assistance could 
be  but I have not heard from him yet. I end [eavoured] to raise some 
Militia in Saint Andrew's parish to Little purpose I went to Sunbury 
Last Sunday where Colo. Mewhlenburg told me he could not parade 
abo [ve] Ten Men, nor Major White upon St Catherines above Thirty 
& am informed Summers upon Ausabaw is not in a much better State 

11 



however the Colo promised to Collect as many as he could from these 
Islands & his own Regemt. & send them. Yesterday I Ordered Capt 
Colson with i8 Men & Cornet Beard with Eleven of the Carolina 
Horse to March Immed[iatel]y to Barrington & advised the Presi- 
dent to Order some [armed] Boats to Guard the Inland passage at 
the Mouth [of the] Alatamaha in case the Enemy sends any Force 
Later to Co Operate with their Land plunderers 

It was reported last Saturday before I left the Alatamaha, that Proc- 
tor & his Indians Burnt Cameys House about Ten Miles South of 
[thajt River, but has not been Confirmd yet. [C]apt. Allen who 
seems a Sensible Intelligent Man [fu]rther Informs me they have 
Only 700 Regulars [at] Augustine & 3 or 400 Other Inhabitants in- 
cluding [the]  agaders from Carolina & Georgia that the Raven 
[and one] Other Ship of War are Stationed off their Barr Osbum 
whom he Left in Augustine was to go & take a Brigg in St Marys 
which is since done, & then Stationed with Capt Grant off the St 
John's & a Capt Mowberry in a Sloop of Ten Carrage Guns in the 
River St Johns. Yesterday Morning the Ship of War Stationed at 
Tybee, Burnt the Pilate House & Ship Supposed to be the Cherekee 
(Condemnd) with some Other Vessells & is now Lying with her 
Tender at the Barr, they have Carryd every thing of any value away 
Except a few Horses and Cattle of MuUrynes on Tybee. 

These Informations I thought best to send you by Lieutt Howell 
Express, rather than any Other as our present Weakness might be 
Expos'd. I have the Honor to be 

Your Excellys Most Obt [Servt] 
Lachn. Mcintosh 
Brigr Genl. Howe 

[P.S.] It is said a Small Vessel came in at Ty[bee] the Day before 
they set every thing afire & w[ent] out again Same Day, which 
probably was an E 

Dear General 

Since I closed my Letter of this day [to] you, I reed, one from 
my Bror. Capt. Wm. McIn[tosh] dated Barrington 30th. Sept. where- 
in he informs me tha[t he] Ranged from the 25th to that Day with 

his C[ompany] So. of the Alatamaha & is assured these [there ?] 

not come over Sattilla River yet, but met [with] a man lately from 
Augustine who confirms the Stor[y] of their setting oflF, & that part 
of them are on this side of St. Johns River & part still upon the 
other  That there are three Men of Warr off of St. Augusti[ne] 
Barr seemingly Stationed. I am very respectfully 

Yr. Excell. most obt. Servt. 
L M 

12 



Savannah id. Octobr. 1776 
Instead of Lieut. Howel I send Ensign Roach. I believe my first 
Letter by mistake is dated ist. Octob[e]r. 

[Genejral Howe 

[Sir] I wrote express to you the 2nd. Instant by Ensign [Roa]ch 
to which I had no Answer yet. Our Convin this day discovered a 
Plan of Attacting this [State }] in several Places at once by Sea & 
Land from St. Augustin which the President & Council desired me 
to inform you of by Express & to est to assistance of any Continen- 
tal Troops you can spare, Particularly the Detachment [of] the Geor- 
gia Battalion on Duty at Beauford South Carolina & the Armed Boats 
carryed [fjrom this Place, with what Cannon & Ammunition can 
be spared as soon as possible as they have Reason to Expect the 
Attact [im]medeately. I had the disagreeable [duty] of Confining 
a Lieut Washington of Colonel Summers Regiment in the Guard 
House for Horse Stealing, Two days agoe whom I do not know 
what to do with as I have not Officers enough for a General Court 
Martial. 

I have the Honor to be Yr. Excellencys 

Most Obt. Hble Servt. 
Lachn. Mcintosh 

Savannah 7th. Octr. 1776 
Colonel Mewhlengburg. 

Dear Sir, By desire of the President & Council I have sent the bearer 
of this Letter Express [to] Request you will make me immedeately a 
particular Return of your Battalion the number of the Sick, and 
those who are well and fit for Duty. I will begg the favour of you 
also to get a like Return of what [troops] Major White has under 
his Command, sen[d] it with yours by the Express. The reason [for] 
this, is some Information made to the President Yesterday, 
I have the Honor to be Sir 

Your most Obt. Servt. 
Lachn. McInt[osh] 

Savannah 7 Octobr. [177] 6 
Col. Mewhlengburg You will please to order Major White or the 
Commanding Ofiicer at St. Catherines to Leave a Corporal & Six 
Men at St. Catherines [and] Sapelo Islands, order two Commissioned 
Offi[cers] with 30.40. or fifty Men as they can be Spared to Souther- 
lands Bluffs, near Mr. Gwinnetts Plan[ta]tion, up Sapelo River, to 
Guard it, & the rest of his Troops up to Sunbury, of whom I expect 
an Accurate Return without Delay. 

13 



Headqrs. Sav. 8th. Octob. 1776 
Lieut. Col. Wm. Mcintosh. 

Sir, I am desired by the President in Council to get an accurate 
Return made to me of all the Men, Horses, Arms & Ammunition in 
the Several Continental Troops of Horse under your Command in 
this State of Georgia immediately. As our Convention Sent for you 
by Express some Days ago, I expect the Return by yourself in Person. 
I am very Respectfully Dr Sir &ca. 

[Colon] el Peter Mewlingburg. 

[Sir] I am desired by the Presedent to  that you will immediately 
tell Capn. Woodruffe Captn. Morris or the Commang. Officer of 
the Mariens to send one or [t]wo of the Armd Boates without delay 
[to] be Stationed at the devidings between Broton Island & Frederica 
to prevent any Boats going to or Coming from St. [Augu]stien. 
I am very respectfully 

Sir your Most Obt. St. 

Lieut Colo. Wm. Alston 

Sir As General How has not come as I told you I expected to this 
State, and as you seem so very Impatient by your repeated Applica- 
tion to me to go to North Carolina a few Months for the Recovery 
of your health which appears to be in a declining State. I give you 
Leave to go provided, you inform the General of it as you go throo 
South Caro[lin]a by word or Letter. 
I am Sir, 

Your most Obedt. St. 

To Brigadier General Howe 

Sir I wrote to your Excellency the 7th Inst with return of  to 
which I had no answer by the post last night, nor is the man I  
returned yet, which makes me at a loss how to act in many things. 
Colo. Muhlenburgh and his Corps and all the North Carolinians 
are  very uneasy to return home as they have so few men left and 
are all sick. I have endeavoured to keep them in humor until I could 
[see] or hear from you which I beg may be as soon as possible. 
Tom G[ray] returned from the Indian Country he was obliged to 
run away from [his] own town in the middle of the first night he 
arrived there to sav[e his] life he says Deputies from the Cherokees, 
Creeks, Choctaws, & Chick [asaws] are now ment in Congress 
at pensacola with Stewart to determine up [on] a general War 
that 500 of the Creeks upon Floriday neck are already engaged, 
and ready to begin upon us. 

14 



A Party of Lieut Colo Willm Mcintosh's Light Horse attacked 

 Scout at Satilla river, killed an Indian, took their Williams 

and one Bell prisoners and several of their Horses   they say 
that Williams expected proctor with fifty Indians to his assistance 
every hour when he was attacked, which seems to be a confirmation 
of Tom Grays story which is very alarming to this State in its pres- 
ent defenceless Situation. We have not above 200 well men of our 
Battalion and very few of the others to occupy the various posts 
necessary to be defended on our frontiers. 

I shall be impatient to hear from you & have the honor to be 

Your Excellys. most Obedt & most Hble Servt 
LM 

Savannah 2 2d Octor 1776 

Lieut Washington whom I mentioned to you is still in confinement. 

I have not time to give you an Acct of our promotion [s]. 
Per Singleton 

Savannah 2 2d October 1776 
[Sir] You apply to me (you say at his Excellency the Presidents 
request) to point out to you the [p] roper Stations for your Regi- 
ment of Horse for [t]he protection of Settled parts of this State, in 
[the] present most alarming Situation; people of [w]ild extravagant 
imaginations may talk of conq[ues]ts and extenting our Teritorys, 
but every person [of] sober solid reason who are true Lovers of 
[t]heir Country, must still see, that our Game upon the de- 
fensive, without regarding  Censure or opinions. For that end 
[a]ccording to General Lee's opinions I think all the Sea Islands 
should be evacuated imediately as we have every reason to expect 
part of the British Troops and Navy will make this their Winter 
Campaign Each Inlet should have one Galley & a small Boat to 
attend her & one at Least & the stoutest Stationed at the Dividings 
below Broughton Island to protect any Deserters from ourselves or 
plunderers from the Enemy by Water On the first Landing of the 
River Alatamaha which is our natural frontier should be a strong 
Garrison not only to defend our Country from depredations, but 
also to be able to make In [roads] into the Enemys upon every proper 
Occasion in [con)unc]tion with the Gallies & Horse, small Guards 
by [way] of Look outs may be placed at the mouth of each River, 
between that and the Head Quarters in Savannah to give timely notice, 
on any alarm. The Boats in each Inlet may answer that purpose. As 
your Regiment of Light Horse is chiefly in [tended] for protecting 
our Back settlements from the Incur [sions] of Indians or others it 

15 



is my opinion yr princip[al] Garrison & Head Quaners should be 
at Barringt[on] on the River Alatamaha, the most Important pa 

where three or four Troops should always ready at all times to 

annoy the Enemy & break up their Settlements to the very Gates of 
Augusteen, & Prevent their getting any of our Cattle; from' the Garri- 
son a Subalterns Command may be sent Weekly to Satilla River for 
a Retreat to our Scouts, also a Small Scout should go two or three 
times Weekly to Beards Bluff upon Alatamaha wher[e] a Stockad[e] 
should be Built & one troop Stationed, from Beards Bluff a Scout 
should range in the same Manner to the head of Cananastchie River, 
where anoth[er] Stockade & Troop should be fixed, from thence 
they may Scout to Marborough Fort, upon great Ogeechie, which 
I am informed is a proper Station for [a] Stockade & Company, but 
as I am a Stranger  West may be altered at pleasure, and [fro]m 
thence to Hovendens Fort upon Broad River, [w]ho may Scout 
very easily to Savannah River, [and] Secure all our Settlements, & 
have a Constant [cojmmunication & Inteligence, that each may  
& asist the other where there is Occasion [and] give timely Notice 
to the Metropolis & all the [co]untry on any Alarm. 

By this plan of defence I think we might [p]rotect our State 
against all attempts upon us [an]d be ready to annoy our Enemys 
on all [s]ides when opportunity Offers. And if generally [a]dopted 
in America for a time will insensibly [sus]tain and quallify us in the 
Cabinets & the Field, [un]til it Ruins our Enemys in Treasure & 

Men will be glad to Leave us the whole [c]ontinent to Settle 

& Improve at our Leizure. I am very respectfully Dr. Sir 

Your Affectionat[e] Bror. & most obt. Servt. 
L M 

To Lieut. Col. Wm. Mcintosh. 

[P.S.] You will please to keep a Scout Ranging continually to the 
So.ward of the Alatamaha for Inteligence & prevent Cattle being 
drove off. Especially untill a Stockade can be made at Satilla. 

L M 

Orders Head Quarters 24th. Oct. [1776] 

Lieut Colo Wm Mcintosh to proceed im[medi]ately to Fort 
Barrington upon Alatamaha to get it [in] the best Posture of defence 
& keep Scouts as far [as] possible to the South of that River for In- 
teligefnce] continually. Major Marbury to go up Savann[ah] River 
as soon as possible & place a Troop [at] Hovendens Fort upon Broad 
River who are [consjtantly to send Scouts round all the Settlements 
[on] Savannah River and West to the Cherokee coun[try]. Another 

18 



Troop at Marburys Fort upon Ogechie which is to be moved two or 
three miles higher [u]p are always to scout to Hovendens Fort & 
[still ?] lower to meet the other scout, then the Major [will] proceed 
with all expedition with the other Troops the directest course to 
Fort Harrington which Lieut Colo & him are to see put in a good 
state of Defence, Scouts Settled to be kept constantly at the South- 
ward untill a Stocade can be made a[t] Satilla River, they are to 
get a Stocade Fort Built at Beards Bluff on Alatamaha & another on 
or about the Head Coonuchee River in each of which Troops is to 
be stationed and a Subalterns Command between the uper & lower 
Trading paths upon Ogechie River So. side, all these Forts are to 
keep small parties continually Ranging from one to the other for In- 
telligence and report every Occurrence to their commanding Officer 
[at Bajrrington & any thing Extraordinary to Head Quarts, [in 
S]avannah they are to suffer no one to pass out of [the] province 
on no pretence without a pass from the President of the State, or 
no suspected person or persons [t]o come into the State without 
sending them with a Guard to Headquarters; the utmost caution is 
necessary [to] give as little umbrage as possible to the Creek [Ind]ians, 
untill we are sure they intend to break out with  taking care at the 
same time that no suspicious [pa]rty of them enters our Settlements 
without watching [th]em well; you are to advise the Commanding 
[0]fficer here at all times whatever Occurs, & give orders [to] that 

purpose to the Officers at each of yr stations a Lieut & fifteen 

Horse Men to Savannah to send occasionally to you or else where. 
Your Company may be exchang'd monthly to the different Stations 
for the conveniency & better Training yr Men taking always the 
utmost care of yr Horses that they may be in order in Time of Need. 
You are at all Times to be Vigilant & Watchfull Trusting Nothing 
to the Treachery or Machinations of our Enemy but much must be 
left to yr own directions & prudence. 

A Small Party should be kept Ranging down the River Alatamaha 
from Barrington to the old Fort for a Communication with the Com- 
mand there & prevent an Enemy Crossing below you. 

29th Octobr. 1776 
Brigr. Genl. Howe, Charlesto. 

See 8 Leaves back 
Sir, My last to you was the 2 2d Inst per Mr. Single [ton] to which 
no answer has come to me yet, nor has anything extraordinary come 
to my knowledge from the Southward or Westward since. I have  
Lieut Coll William Mcintosh & Major Marbury of the Light horse 
 Continentals to surround our Settlements with a Chain of Stock- 

17 



a[de] forts from the upper Settlement on Savannah River to Bar- 
ringt[on] on the Altamaha the last to be their head Quarters as the 
grea[test] danger at present is there and make inroads occasionally 
into East Florida and Secure our Stocks, they are also contin[ually] 
to range from one fort to the other to give timely notice of any 
[thing] and assist each other as there may be occasion, we have 
reason [to] expect something is brewing against among the Indians 
and th[at] they will begin as they express it themselves when the 
Red Coats  great Ships attacks us from the sea. Yet we cannot make 
the [natijves take their Stocks off and I believe will evade it at  

Coll Mughlenbourgh who has only about loo Sick Men left now 
altogether, none of whom are fit for duty and the North Carolinians 
are become so very uneasy that I was obliged t[o] promise them 
leave to return home if I did not hear from you  post, they say 
they will soon loose the recruiting season and eve[ry] chance of 
filling their Regiments if they are not allowed to go without delay 
and in their present state they are not fit for any duty here, there- 
fore would be injuring the Service to detain them encreasing that 
<iislike they have already but too much entertained to the Southern 
States, if they should be ordered here again which I much doubt 
must be the case soon. I Inclose you an Acct. of our military Stores 
Scant Indeed! considering the probability of our danger in the win- 
ter when nothing can be done to the Northward, yet it [is] impos- 
sible to rouse our people to a Sense of it. 

I have the honor to &c 

Just as I had done writing the above I received your Express of 
the 26 our convention have adjourned to 25 Nover. they have allowed 
only ^^200 I think for building a fort on Tybee. I have not seen your 
letter either to the [Pre]ident or Speaker yet. 

Savannah 19th. Novr. 1776. 
[Gen]eral Howe, Charlestown 

Dear General I arrived here yesterday from the So.ward where 
[I] found your favor of 31st. Ulto. inclosed in a Letter from [Co]lo. 
Kinnon whom I had not the pleasure of seeing here. 

I made you a Return of the Amunition and [M]ilitary Stores in 
our State inclosed in my last Letter of 29th. Ulto. & believe they 
are all Provincial  & few as they are, by far too few for such [an] 
Exposed State as ours, every Inlet of which will [a]dmit Ships of 
almost any burthen. Capt. PhenLx [of] the Artilery Just informs me, 
that he has not a Sheet [of] Cartrige paper, that he will want above 
200. quires [he] says there is plenty in Charlestown. Fifty rounds 
Ball for each Gun returned to you, and lom. pounds [w]t. of Gun 

18 



powder which I begg you will procure and [send a]s soon as pos- 
sible, as I cannot help think [ing] Still but this State will be attacted 
this Winter and our Interest, Duty & reputation requires it to be 
put in the best posture of Defence. 

I stayed fourteen Days at Alatamaha waiting for Major Marbury 
of our Light Horse, whom I ordered to meet me at Barrington from 
our Western Boundary to fix them at their different Stations, & send 
a Large party to the So.ward, but I neither Saw nor heard from him 
yet. The So. Carolina Horse came a few Days too Late to overtake 
the Indians who occasioned the Alarm mentioned in my last, after 
Scouring both Sides of the River Alatamaha 30. or 40 Miles above 
Barrington. I ordered them to range as far as St. Marys to protect 
any persons who choose to hunt up their Cattle, where they are 
Still. All the damage the Indians did was to burn some Houses & 
Provisions on both Sides of the Alatamaha but I could not Learn 
their Number, or whether there was any white Men among [them] 
or all white Men painted like Indians. 

While I was at the So.ward one Oldis came in an armed Schooner 
with 60 iMen & burnt a Settlement upon Frederica Island, & got off 
before a party I sent down there could come up with them. Oldis 
[and] all his Crew were Renegades from our own Province as I was 
informed by a deserter from him. I am astonished the Armed of 
Carolina don't rout those Little petty pirates. I have the [honor] 
to be Dr. Sir, 

Your &c. 

Head Qtrs. Savannah 25th. N[ov. 1776] 
Sir The 24th Ulto. I gave you positive written orders to co[lIect] 
all the Men of your Regiment together, Leave a Comp[any] at each 
of the Forts or posts, & march with the remainder to [meet] me at 
the Allatamaha, that I might fix the necessary posts myself around 
the province & above all to keep Continual Skouts fro[m] one Sta- 
tion to the other & order the Commanding Officer at each pla[ce] 
to inform me immediately of any thing extraordinary that occurr[ed], 
A few days afterwards I informed you by Express that I had in- 
telligence some Indians were come over the Allatamaha, & were 
burning & destroying all before them, & desired you to hasten your 
march & meet me at that River where there was no force to repel 
them, & where I waited fourteen days in Expectation. I have since 
visited the Several posts on the Sea Boards, & been some time at 
Head Quarters, without hearing a Syllable, or receiving a Single Line 
from you or any of your Officers, altho' we have repeated Expresses 
from others in your Quarter that the Indians have killed some of your 

19 



people, & [illegible] of them, & in all probability will be a general 
rupture, that the Inhabitants are moving off & in the utmost con- 
sternation, those neglects Sir, it becomes my duty to te[ll] you are 

unpardonable & without very good reasons given, must be of 

without due & Strict obedience to orders, & regular & [p]unctual 
Intelligence from every Quarter, the safety of the State is in danger, 
which must not be trifled with; if your Officers or Men are disobedi- 
ent send them down under Arrest, or Confinement, or have them 
punnished according to their demerit & our Articles where you are, 
or can do it. If any of the inhabitants encourage or protect the Men 
in their disobedience report them [to] me. I am tired with repeated 
Complaints from the back [c]ountry of our Light horse, being of 
no kind of Service, that they are a great expence to the Country, & 
instead of Guarding the Frontier as they ought are idling their time 
in the Settlements, while the Inhabitants are continually Alarmed & 
obliged to do Militia duty, & threaten to leave the Province if not 
protected; these charges are a reproach upon the Service in [generjal 
& must be remedyed, & shall expect your answer immediately to 
every part of it. 

I am Sir 
P.S. I expect to hear of no Alarm or disturbance for the future 
from any person before I have it from you or some of your Officers, 
of which you will give each of them particular charge nor shall I 
place any dependence on any other Vague Accounts. 
Major Marbury of the Light Horse or any other Officer Command- 
ing at Hogeechie Fort who is desired to forward it after perusal. 
The above was Inclosed in a Letter to Lieut Colo. Habersham at 
Augusta, & he was desired to go & see the Several Posts himself, 
forwarded by Parson Holmes. 

Head Quarters Savannah 27th Nov. 1776 
Dr Sir I wrote to you yesterday by Dr Holmes inclosing [a] letter 
to Major Marbury which I wish may be sen[t] to him as soon as 
Possible. The Carolina Horse So. of Alatamaha are uneasy & want to 
Return home wh[ich] will leave that Exposed part of the State en- 
tirely Defenceless without he marches down immediately to take 
Possession of the Several posts fixed there with [his] Light horse as 
he was Ordered & Also to Releive Our Ca[pt.] Chisolm who 
is afterwards to march to Savannah to whom you will Please 
to write to that Purpose by the Major. & should be very Glad as 
[I] Mention'd yesterday that you would g[o to] Ogec[hee] & Broad 
River Forts yourself see a Troop posted in each of them or more if 
Necessary & Scouts agreeable to my order to Majr. Marbury be- 

20 



tween them and Round the Settlements also enquire the Reason of 
the Alajr Delay so long the cause of the Present disturbance in that 
Quarter & the late Alarm & in short as full & perfect an Account of 
the state of that part of the Country as you can get. I hope you 
have by this time Satisfied Our Recruites & sent them oflF in Boats 
& before Walker gets up. 

I am Dr Sr Your Most Obt. Servt 
Lachn Mcintosh 
Lieut Colo. Habersham 

8th. Nov. 1776 
[Dear] Sir I was roused in the Midle of last night by your Express 
[w]ith your Letter of the 5th & thank you for the intelligence it 
[cjontained, which I should otherwise be ignorant of as General 
Howe is gone to Sunbury & Muckinfuss gone after him with the 
Presidents Letter. We should at all times be watchfuU [in] every 
Quarter, & more so when the Enemy are in Motion [a]s I am of your 
oppinion, that it is difficult to Reconcile what is given out to be 
their Intention, with their Manuvres. Yet I cannot help thinking 
Still, that Georgia is their object first, & you afterwards, as nothing 
can be done this Season of the Year at No[rth]ward. They have 
failed in every attempt hitherto; the Spirits of the people in England 
they know must be kept up, & the Conquest of one province if never 
so Small & weak, they may think will recover their reputation with 
the Nation and I must candidly (but between ourselves) Confess we 
are at present in a poor State of defence, distracted more than ever 
by our Internal divisions no Troops come to us yet, but what we 
had of our first Battalion! & a few Light Horse lately Recruited & 
brought into no kind of order yet, & difficult to get them so, through 
the Influence of Mischievous and evil disposed people, who temper 
with & encourage them in their disobedience; these are discouraging 
circumstances which only communicate to particular Friends, but 
we are engaged & must encounter them all. Still hoping for a happy 
Issue, I am very Respectfully 
Henry Laurens 

1 2th. Decbr. 1776 
Sir According to Genl. Howes plan you are to get the import [ant] 
post at Barrington (now call'd Fort Howe) well fortified, which Mr. 
Heard is to lay out, & direct the making off with Stores & Maga- 
zines for provision &ca., also a Stockade at Beards Bluff, & on the 
m[ost] convenient places north Side of Satilla & St Mary's River 
for the protection of our Stocks & facilitating Inroads into East 
florida, the light horse of Georgia and So. Carolina, now at the 

21 



Southward are to remain there until further orders. As [I have] 
Information that a Large party of horse & Indians are either come 
or coming to St. Mary's River in order to drive off Cattle [and] 
make Inroad [s] into this State, you are imediately to take as many 
as can be Spared from the post at Barrington & with all Exp[edi]tion 
march them as far South as you think it will be safe [to] disappoint 
the designs of the Ennemy, annoy them as you find opportunity & 
protect the Cattle hunters in getting their Stocks [to] the Alatamaha 
and also fix Stockades, & Ferry Boats [at] proper places upon the 
river Satilla & St Marys, to  Retreat of yr. troops occasionally, you 
are to try every [me]thod to discover the designs of the Ennemy, 
their posts and Strength in each, & give me all the Intelligence you 
can possibly get at all times, which will govern my future orders 
to you. Be carefuU always to keep plenty of ammunition, provision 
for the Men & horses at fort Howe & the other posts, that they may 
ever be ready for Business at a Moments Notice. 

I have appointed Mr. Anthony Norway in orders this Day, to 
Act as Adjutant to your Regiment of Light Horse, & Expect you will 
be diligent in Disciplining them. I am respectfully &c 
To Lieut. Colo. Wm. Mcintosh 
or Major Marbury 

Since I wrote the above orders, I reed. intellig[ence] from the Com- 
manding Officer at Barrington (Fort Howe) that some Indians 
Murdered Hover, of the Light Horse upon or near the Road within 
Six Miles of  whom you are to pursue in all quarters until th[ey] 
are overtaken. 

Savh. 13. Decbr. 1776. 
[Sir] You are hereby order'd to put Capts. Mcfarland, Benjamin 
F[ew] & Cade and Lt. Willm. Bugg of the Georgia Light horse under 
Arrest for disobedience of orders, & order them down to head quar- 
ters at Savannah imidiately, for their Trial by a Court Martial, and 
after that proceed to yr. post, you are to acquaint the commanding 
officer of each post to the Westward, to inform me or the Command- 
ing Officer here at all times of every Matter that occurs, and if extra- 
ordinary by Express & to keep Scouts continually from one post 
to another. 

Lieut, [blank] Wilson 

[of] the 4th. Company of light horse. 

Inform every Officer that it is my orders to Inlist all the Men 
they can get untill their [s]everal Corps are full; during the War, and 
[to] Re-Inlist those they have already for that term. 

22 



13th. Deer. 1776. 
[Genera]! R. Howe, Charlestown 

[Per] Capt. Mowat. 
Dear Sir, I reed, the Inclosed yesterday, & ordered my Brother & 
Marbur)^- immediately to Harrington (now Fort Howe) with 200 . [lbs.] 
powder & a proportion of Lead, & orders to hunt the assasins for ever 
untill they come up with them. The Indians themselves have began 
first plundering & now Murdering, therefore I see no Cause of Spar- 
ing them any Longer where ever they are found. I doubt their Talks 
from the Nation were all calculated only to amuse us, & I immagin 
these small partys to be detachments from the large Body Colo. Law- 
son informed us were at St. Marys. Our Convention I hear after some 
more Wrangling, are at Len[g]th upon the State of the Province, 
which I hope they will think Seriously upon, & bring to a happy 
Issue. I hope you will think of the Cartridge paper. Cannon Ball, 
powder. Guns, &c. that I mentioned to you. I have the honor to be 
&ca. 

& 2ist [per] Jacobs - prisoners - Vessels 

Savh. 15th. Decbr. 1776 
Hble. George Walton 

Dr Sir I was call'd to Barrington (now Fort Howe) on Alata[maha] 
upon Accts. of an inroad from the East floridians & Indians when I 
receiv'd your favors of the 17th. & 19th. Septbr. & a few [days] ago 
yr. Letter of the i6th. Ulto. by the Geo. Pacquett Capt. Burke came 
to hand, I acknowledge myself faulty in not wri[ting] to my friends, 
but am sure yr. Candour will impute it to the natural Dislike you 
know I have to the pen, a[t] the same time should be sorry to be 
charged with the n[e] gleet of any part of my Duty. I am much 
obliged [to] you & very sensible of yr. Friendship, which I can assure 
you is reciprocal, & may probably be put to [the] Test on both Sides 
'ere Long. Our worthy friend M[r.] Wereat, has inform'd you of 
the Scandalous attemp[ts] on the Character of my Bror. WiUiam, 
Tho' I was the grand object, if they could pick a hole in my Conduct. 
I need not inform you of the person or his Motives [who] is at the 
Bottom of the whole; all his Inventions, [in]dutsry & nocturnal Meet- 
ings, have only d[on]e me ho [nor] as he could not make a Sufficient 
party, nor Venture [to] publish one Single flaw in my Conduct, 
tho' I fear it may be productive of some Injury to the State, as many 
people in the Country are throw [ing] every possible Discouragement 
& Stumbling block in the way of  [illegible] the army in order 
to blame the Officers, what pity it is, that in so noble a Stnigle, there 
Should be any other Views or Motives than those of Service and 

23 



good for our Country. A plan of an Intended Constitution was pub- 
lished Several Weeks ago, & will come before the house in a few 
days, in which are many things, that I am not very fond [?] of, 
we are but a few people, and a plain Simple Form of Government, 
with few Offices or Temptations will in my opinion, suit us best. 
One Single house of Representatives, and an Executive Council Chosen 
by the people at Large in their several Counties & parishes would 
I think answer every purpose, but some I fear Lust after the old 
flesh pott, [?] that Medley of all Governments the British, with its 
numberless Offices & pomp, which neither we or our fathers could 
Bear, or even understand aright, but I am going out of my Line by 
entering on politicks which I sho[uld] leave to yr. other friends here 
to inform you. I thank you for the mil[ita]ry Books you Sent me, 
than which nothing could be more acceptable. [I] intend them for 
the officers at Large, I shall inclose with this a join[t] Letter to you, 
Docts. Hall & Brownson, with the necessary informations in my De- 
partment, as I do not know the proper board to direct to, wh[ich] 
I beg you'll inform me. I have hitherto only reported to the Gen[eral] 

that Sufficient, that they might inform the Congress. 

you can spare, I shall always thank you for any Information you can 
communicate and wish you every Success &ca. &ca.  [your] 
cousins Robt. & George came to head quarters a few days ago  
with abt. 70. Recruits from Virginia. 

Savh. 17. Decbr. 1776. 
[Per] packett Capt. Burk 

Gentlemen [As] I do not know the proper board, or who to direct 
to, I beg leave to inclose [a] return of the Continental Troops under 
my Command, in this State to you, [w] hich I have hitherto constantly 
done to the Gens. Lee or Howe. 

The first Batallion of Foot including Officers and abt. 70 recruits 
[which] were brought in by Capt. R. Walton is 538. Strong, with 
Deserters, most of whom I expect to take, but they are so dispersed 
in different [d]etachments to protect the various parts liable to at- 
tacks on the sea board in the State, that they make no appearance & 
are  harass'd. Not a Single Man of the 2d & 3d. Batt. [h]ave 
appear'd yet, all their officers except Cols. Elbert & Scriven are in 
Virginia & No. Carolina Recruiting to whom I sent [p]ositive orders 
to March their Men, as fast as they got them. 

Our Convention to put us on a footing with So. Carolina [have all]- 
owed Ten Dollars additional bounty & Two dollars to  off[icer] 
for each Man, which with our 100 acres of Land  will have a good 
Effect. Our 2 compys. of Artillery have but abt. 40 Men between 

24 



them; and our regt. of light horse abt. 300 Men, whom I am using 
my utmost Endeavors to get into some order, & place them at proper 
Stations to protect the Back Country & Southern frontiers from In- 
cursions of Indians and from Augustine. As they have been hitherto 
provincials & not accustom'd to Subordination, I find much difficulty 
in managing them, & the more so as the Country people encourage 
them too much in their disobedience. 

Give me leave also to inclose a State of our ordinance & military 
Stores, which you'll observe is very Scant, nor do I find that we 
expect a Supply many of the few Cannon we have are not mounted, 
& in bad order, nor have we a Single quire of Cartridge paper, very 
few Ball, or hardly a requisite for them. Our fortifications are in the 
same State they were when doctor Brunson [Brownson] left us, 
therefore needless to mention. Two of our Gallies are Launch'd but 
not fitted out yet & another on the Stocks, but you will observe we 
have not Mettle heavy enough for them, these things I hint, that 
if possible we may be supplied from Philadhia. for which purpose 
I could wish the Geo. Pacquet was larger,  Surely the Congress 
will See the necessity of making every Effort to Secure this frontier 
State, exposed to Danger & daily in Expectation of being attacked. 
Our Convention have now the State of the province under con- 
sideration, & hope they will adopt vigorous measures. Col. Habersham 
has Commissioned Messrs. Bright & Perkins of Philada. to send 
some arms, accourtements & other necessarys for his Battn., expecting 
to be readier & better supplied that way and hope you'll see these 
Gentlemen  

I should be glad to be inform'd if the Congress expects me to make 
these Reports regularly, & how [&] to what Board, & how to direct 
to them, or if it shofuld] be made to Genl. Howe or any Officer 
Commanding [in South] Carolina & by them to Congress. I am 
respect [fully] & 
To the honls. Geo. Walton, Lym. Hall & N. Brunson 

Head quas. Savh. 19. Decbr. 177 [6]. 
I receiv'd yr. Letter with three Indian prisoners,  & thank you 
for yr. Vigilance & activity. You'll please to keep Scouts constantly 
as far as you can to the Southward, & g[ive] every Intelligence 
they can get, also Establish posts & stockades in proper places on the 
north side of St. Mary's & Satilla Rivers, with a ferry boat at each, 
and also a post as was formerly order'd on the Indian Line on Can- 
noochie River & another upon the hogeechie in the most convenient 
place some where abt. Queensborough. & endeavor as soon as possible 
to accustom yr. people to Scout from one post to the other, as 

25 



Wells makes a great noise in Convention of the negligence of the light 
horse. Tell each Officer of each post to give me the earliest Intelli- 
gence of every thing that happens & try to relieve them monthly. 
I just receiv'd Information of Seven Sail appearing off of Tybee. 
To Lt. Colo. M'Intosh. 
Commd. Offr. at Fort Howe. 

Headquarters Savanah. 20th Decembr. 1776. 
As there is a Company of Light Horse at Broad River, [o]ne at 
the Head of Ogeechie, & you now inform, that Capt. Salter with 
his company is stationed at the [B]uffalo Lick between the other 
two, you are with [a] 11 the Men that are come in of your Company 
[to] go immediately & Station your Selves upon Some [cjonvenient 
place upon Ogeechie River, at or near [QJueens Borough, & send 
some person immediat[e]ly to [in] form the Commanding Officer 
at Barrington of it. [Yo]u are to keep Scouts continually out towards 
[Ca]nnoochie & Marbury Fort at the head of Ogeechie [for] Intelli- 
gence, & disco verys, & inform the Commanding [Off]icer here, of 
every thing Extraordinary by express, [i]f needfull the Posts next to 
you. Suffer no one [to] go out of the Province without a pass from 
the President, and Suffer no party of Pilfering Indians or others to 
enter the Settlements without warning the inhabitants, & watching 
them well that they Steal no horses or Cattle, or do any Mischief. 
At the same time you are to suffer none of the inhabitants to kill 
them wantonly; keep your men together and dont suffer above one 
or two of them on furlough in the Settlement at a time & not above 
a week or two. 

Recruiting Orders for Capt. Wal[ton] of [the Light] horse. 
21 Decbr. 1776. 
Copy of this to Capt.  

You are by Beat of drum or otherwise to raise as many [volun]teers 
as you can for the Regt. of Horse which you [command] but at 
least the number you engaged before the Convention to bring into 
this State, from the State of Virginia or north Caro[lina]. 

You are to inlist no men under the age of Sixteen nor over the 
age of 45. Years, nor who is under the Size of 5. Ft. 2 Inches without 
Shoes, or who has not Straight Limbs and is very w[ell] made; 
neither must you inlist any man who is weak [or] has the least defect 
in his knees, or who is subject to fits or [rup]tur'd, or has any appear- 
ance of sore legs, Scal'd head, ulcers [or] running sores, on any 
part of his Body, old wounds ill [healed] or any Infirmities in Body 
or limb, neither must you [enlist] any notorious Rogues, or men 

26 



who have lost an Ear, or [been] drummed out of a Regt. nor any 
indented Servants or appr[en]tices without the Consent of their 
masters. 

All Recruits must be duly attested before [a] Magistrate upon 
their inlistment and receipt taken fo[r] the bounty money paid; the 
Articles of War must be [read] to them at the time of their inlist- 
ment or in 6 days thereafter. You are on no acct. to deceive any Man 
to induce him to inlist with you, and all yr. Recruits must be in- 
listed to serve during the present war, unless discharg'd by Con- 
gress; Besides the Bounty & duty pay, each recruit who serves his 
Time faithfully shall be intitled to loo acres of land from this State 
besides [the] loo acres allow'd by the Congress; You must take all 
care you can that the Recruits furnish themselves out of their Bounty 
money, with Linnen &c & other necessaries, a return whereof must 
be sent by them to the Regt. signed by you, and also a Return of 
their age, service, &ca. &ca. 

You are not to discharge any man after you have inlisted him. 
You will be allow'd 2 doll[ars] for yourself for every recruit you 
produce & is approved off at Head Quarters. Not less than 1 2 Recruits 
shall be sent at a time to Head quarters; you may appoint a [illegible] 

Serjt. for the purpose them, but you are to give him no promise 

that his appointment will be con [firmed]. You are to apply to the 
constitution [al] authority, where you shall recruit for their  in 
the Service you are sent upon and also for their assistance to appre- 
hend any recruits, who may desert from you, you are to use yr. 
utmost Endeavors to join your Regt. by the first of March next. You 
are frequently to write to me or the Commanding officer of this 
State, and give an acct. of yr. proceedings and of any matter of mo- 
ment or Importance to the American States 

Sav. 27 Decbr. 1776. 
General Howe Last night I reed, both yr. letters of 23d. pr. Express 
(Makenfuss)  is recover'd, I sent for him, but cant find him, 
as he is out [so] me [w]here keeping his Xmas, but shall send him 
to you. I am [sorry] to find by yr. other Letter, that you have so little 
Dependance [in] my prudence or Judgment I think I inform'd you 
by a Letter which you have not yet acknowledg'd the receipt of, 
that 3 Indians were taken & sent to me, who are now in Irons in Savh. 
Suppos'd to be the murderers of hover; a fourth Indian who came 
with them, as their accuser, I sent up to their Nation with Tom 
Gray, with a Talk,^ a Copy of which with the orders I sent to the 



8. A copy of this Talk, dated 23 December 1776, is in Mcintosh's Miscel- 
laneous Papers, below. 

27 



Commanding Officer at Fort Howe, may probably make you alter 
your opinion of me & think an Express to countermand these orders 
needless. 

Colo. Mcintosh & Marbury are now fixing posts upon Satilla & 
St. Mary's river & will probably go as far as St. John. Our Conven- 
tion have voted but the trifling sum of s^' ^o^ Fort Howe (Bar- 
rington) and nothing for the Lower Fort at the ist. Landing of 
Alatamaha, which I think the 2 most Important posts in this State, 
but I'll try to do something at them by fatigue Duty. One of our 
guard boats which should have been stationd at the dividings was 
pleasuring & Idling their Time at Sapelo Island & a few days ago 
a little Schooner from Augustine decoy'd the Capt. Woodruff & 3 
of his Men on Board & Carried them off with some Slaves & other 
valuable articles from the Island. The galley in the   of the 
Schooners men prisoners who were plundering [on] Shore, among 
whom is Serjt. Montgomery of Capt, Wood [ruff's] Company who 
deserted some time ago, & had him try'd by a General Court Martial 
a Copy of which I shall [send] with that of Morris' 2 men who at- 
tempted to desert [to] the Ennemy also. I have already asked yr. 
opinion of the 8th. Article of the 14 Sect, of Warr & should be very 
glad if you & the Genl. Gadsden & Moultrie wou[ld] Compare it 
with the 2d. Article of the 18 Sect. & give [me] yr. opinions under 
your hands for my Justification  of Conduct on this & future Oc- 
casions. 

I can hardly believe that Howe has got to Trenton but could wish 
you had given me the authority for  with any other news you 
could pick up. I am  

Orders for the Officer Commanding the De[tach]ment of 
Foot, Station'd at the first Landing North Side of Alatamaha. 
You are to keep your Men in goo[d] order & molest no one in 
their persons or property's up [on] the Road on yr. march, & after 
you get to yr. Station when there keep a good watch always at the 
old first Landing, & at the Mouth of Cathead Creek, to prevent the 
Ennemy from coming on Shore, or plundering any of the Inhabitants, 
any of whom you are to assist to the utmost of yr. power if attack'd, 
You are to detach a Serjt. and Twelve men from yr. party to Sapelo 
river to protect the Inhabitants there, to visit them at times & see 
they are in their duty & keep a Constant Correspondence with them 
& Fort Howe at Barrington for intelligence & inform me or the 
Commanding Offr, here, by Express (if necessary) any Extraordinary 
occurrence & the State of yr. Coman[d] take the best care of yr. 
men their arms, ammuniti[on] accoutrem[en]ts & Cloathing & train 

28 



them daily. Visit the different post & Centinels often as well by night 
an[d] in the day. try if you can get yr. men to build Barracks for them- 
selves at the old Fort which is properly yr. Station when they can be 
[shejlter'd from the Weather & where the fort is to be erected, which 
may be done, by ordering some Fatigue men out daily for that pur- 
pose. You are to suffer no rice or provision to be carryed out of yr. 
district which you suspect may be carryed to the Ennemy's, or with- 
out proper authority. [AUJow no persons to go to Augustine without 
a pass from the president. You are to keep yr. post untill relieved or 
order'd off, and as it is on the frontiers, & one of the most Important 
for the Safety of the State it requires all yr. Vigilance Activity & 
Industry. I am Sir 

L. M. 

Brigr. General Howe. Charlestown, 28th. Deer. '76 

By his Negro Fellow Weaver. 
Dear General. I wrote to you yesterday by Return of your Express, 
where in I mentioned Capt. Woodruffs being taken prisoner & carryed 
to Augustine. I have been applyed to, for an Exchange between Lieut. 
Beecher and him, which I have waved untill I have your opinion, 
which I begg you will give me as soon as you can. Our Ennemys it is 
true, have given us an Example of Generosity in the Case of Colo. 
Lawson, and I should not wish them to Excell us in Acts of Humanity 
or Politeness, but on the other Hand, Mr. Beecher must be so well 
known to all our Plans Strength &ca. that I think it would not be al- 
together so prudent at this time, nor am I quite certain whether 
it belongs to my Province or the Civil Authority. 

I sent your Fellow with an or[der]  get  our Battalion Horses, 
which you will please to return by Minis, Sheftall, or any other person 
coming this way. I am respectfully Sir &c. 

30th. Deer. 1776. 
Sir, I am this moment informed by Express that a number of In- 
dians have Invisted the Stocade at B [cards] Bluff upon Alatamaha 
about 40 Miles above Fort Howe (Barrington) where one of the 
Companies of Li[ght] Horse were stationed, commanded by Lieut. 
Bugg; the Lieut with 12 Men went out it said to mar[ch on] them, 
were fired upon by the Indians, about [two] or three hundred yards 
from the Fort, & only f [our] or Five of them returned, & all Wounded. 
The person who brought the Acct. to St Johns Parish is Wounded 
himself but does not seem accurate. 

As Colo. Wm Mcintosh & Major Marbury [went] to the Southwd. 
of St Marys with all the Horse [Men that] could be spared out of 

29 



the Forts, I have ordered [Lieut.] Few with Eleven Horse Men & 
a Capt. 2 Subalterns and 40 Men of the ist Battalion immediately to 
mar[ch] to their relief. As I could not get a Battali[on] Horse for 
your Man Weaver I have given him One of the Light Horse with a 
Man to bring him back again. 
I am Sir 

Your Most Obt Servt 
Lachn. Mcintosh 

Savannah 30th Decemr. 177 [6] 
Lieut Ignatius Few You are to march immediately the shortest 
Way, and with all Expedition to Beards Bluff upon Alatamaha, where 
I am informed our Post is attacte[d] by Indians, & Tr)?^ every Means 
in vour power If it is so to relieve them & Chastise the Aggressor. Capt. 
Bostick with forty Men will follow you on [to] assist if Necessary. 
You are to send a Man to Barrington to put them on their Guard 
if they have not heard of this Matter, & if they can to send you as- 
sistance in case you should have need of it. As Colo Wm Mcintosh 
with the greatest part of the Horse are now to the So.ward you 
should send an Express informing him how you find affairs situated 
at Alatamaha, and also inform me [of] every Occurrence. I wish 
Success. 

I Gave Similar orders to Capt. Bostick. 

2d. Jany. 1777. 
Lieut. Colo. Wm. Mcintosh. 

[Per] Adair, Express to Fort Howe 
Sir, Last night only your Express brought me your favour of the 
28th & Major Marbury^'s of 29th. [Ul]to. & also a Confirmation from 
Lieut. William  the Indians attacking Beards Bluff which I was 
[in] formed of Last Tuesday, & sent Capt. Bostick with 40 Men & 
Lieut Few with 12 Horse Men immediately to their Asistance, & 
pursue the Savages, as I thought you had gone over St John River 
& carried all the best Men & Horses with you, but now you can send 
all the Battalion Men to Savannah, as I immagine they are but a 
small party of Indians, & you must have people enough to overtake & 
Chastise them for their Insult; this Daring attack shews we cannot 
depend or put any Confidence in these Savages, and the necessity 
of puting the Several posts in a proper State of defence & turning 
out a party of Men daily upon Fatigue for that purpose. I hope you 
have fixed the posts upon Satilla & St Marys Rivers in proper places, 
with orders to Scout & Communicate every Inteligence to their 
Head Quarters at Fort Howe. I have ordered Capt. Salter with what 
men he has in his Company to be stationed [a]t the Buffalo Lick, 

30 



& Capt. Hill upon Hogeechie near [Queejns Borough so that we 
have no posts now unoccupyed but one upon some Branch of Co- 
wanooch[ie] the Indian Line, which I earnestly wish done, & then 
think we might be easier on Acct. of Indians. Capta[ins] McFarling 
& Cade are still under arrest, but gone as volunteers on this Occasion 
to Alatamaha, when these murder [ing] Indians are taken & your 
posts peacibly fixed again these Gentlemen with iMajor Marbury & 
Lieut Doherty to come to Town. As you continue so unwell your- 
self you have leave to come when you please. You see by the 5th 
Section of our Articles that you are to [send] me a return the begin- 
ning of every Month of the Men & Arms Accoutrements &ca. of 
your Regemt. & have the Articles as often read to the Men. I shall 
therefore exp[ect] your return soon for the first time & as accurate 
as [possijble. I am very respectfully Dear Sir 

Your most obt. Se[rvant] 
L. [M.] 
To Colo. Mcintosh or Major Marbury 

P.S. Let me know if all the Rough Rice & Com I had [on my] 
Own plantation, Witherspoons & Cannons, is taken  or consumed 
yet. I have engaged G. Mcintosh's pro[duce] on Herds Island. You 
are to desire your Commissary to take delivery of it, & put one or 
two Men to take ca[re] of it untill you can carry it up the River. 
I am anxious to have a Large Stock of provisions for M[en] & Horse 
at the Several Stations as soon as possible & am ingaging 10,000 
Bushels Rough Rice now for that purpose. 

I am as before &ca. 

7th Jany 1777. 
Gen. Howe 

My last to you was the 30 ulo. by yr. Servant Weaver, which 
I hope you reed, in due time & beg you'll not neglect Sending the 
horse he rode soon, with another Battalion Horse, I am informed 
some time ago as we are much in want of them. Lieut Bugg who com- 
manded 27 Men at Beards Bluff is come to Savannah; he says friday 
27th. late in the Evening a Man was fired at & wounded who run 
for protection into the fort or Loghouse, that early next morning 
himself with 1 2 Men went out to reconnoitre. When they were abt. 400 
Yards from the house were fired upon, [his] own horse was Kill'd 
under him & four of his men upon the   of them they had 
scalped & left an arrow sticking in each. The other 18 Men Scan- 
dalously pushed with all Speed to the  without discharging a Gun 
& left their Officer in Distress that occasion'd such a pannick in the 
whole Detachment, that Mr. Bugg when he returned could get none 

31 



of them to go out again, or even to remain at the Station 2 days 
longer. They buried their Dead & all deserted to the Westward 
where [without] doubt they are to[o] much encouraged & perhaps 
will be thank'd. 

[Lieut.] Bugg prevailed only on one man to follow himself to Fort 
Howe & from thence to Town. They were all of Capt.  Company 
(who resigned some time ago) & make a plea that they were seven 
Months Inlistcd, & never received any pay, which makes me at a 
Loss how to act with them. I find all the light horse are Similar 
[c]omplaints & no money to pay them, without which I do [n]ot 
expect to get them in any degree of order or Subordination, nor with- 
out punctual payment can we ever think of keeping any troops. If 
I should find a Necessity for it, do you think I could draw upon the 
Continent [al] Treasury with propriety? I am affraid the Indians in Gen- 
eral are determined upon a War, which we are unprepar'd for at 
present not a Alan of yr. 2d. & 3d. Battal. yet arriv'd nor any acct. 
of their marching yet. The Light horse not yet above half full, & 
brought into no kind of Subordination or order & but very few of 
them as it were dragg'd with the utmost reluctance to themselves 
& their Neighbours to the Westward down to where we are in danger 
of being attack'd. Without the party of So. Carolina horse now at 
Alatamaha who must abandon some of our most essential posts. I 
am inform'd my Brother & Marbury were at St. Mary's & only dis- 
cover'd where a Small [p]arty had drove a few Cattle over that 
River, whom they pursued & took the Cattle from them, but the men 
made their Escape. After they have fix'd a post at Satilla they will 
return to fort Howe. I am this Day to send Lt. Bugg there, to get a 
party & take possession again of the important post at Beard's Bluff, 
so shamefully vacated. I am so often interrupted that you must ex- 
cuse this incorrect Scrawll. I inclose you an afiidavit to prove it was 
the Creeks that kill'd Smith & his son.  that they were in all prob- 
ability only amusing Mr. Galphin. yrs. of 31st. ulo. I am 

&ca. &ca. 

7th Jany 1777 
Gen. Howe, Since I wrote you this morning I receiv'd a Letter 
from Capt. Bostick, whom I sent with 40 Men of [the] ist Batt. to 
Beards Bluff, a Copy of which I shall add to this. I fear we shall have 
a General Indian War and as our Regt. of Horse are so refractory 
I intend to s[end] Colo. Elbert to direct as he may think necessary 
at the Alatamaha being so great a distance from head quarters. I think 
another party of Colo. Thompson's horse necessary here [to] fix 
the several forts & prevent the Indians entering our Settlement, untill 

32 



our own Horse are brought into better order. As I am in the 

sending dispatches So.wardly please excuse Scrawl. 

I am &ca. 

Head Quarters Savh. 8th. J [any. 1777] 
Capt. Jeremiah Bugg I have at length obtained  1 50 for you to 
divide between your Commissary & Company to pacify them for the 
present which is all I could get now. You are therefore to proceed 
imidiatly & with all Speed to the Westward, & collect together as 
soon as possible yr. own Comp[any] with what remains of Capt. 
Few's & Capt. McFarland Company's to the Westward, & march 
with them without delay to Capt. Hills Station near Queensborough, 
& from thence proceed in the directest & shortest Course to Beards 
Bluff upon Alatamaha, observing as you go along the properest place 
Midway between those two Stations for another post. 

You are to write to Capt. Salter to Station himself imidiatly with 
his Company at the Buffalo Lick, & that it is my positive orders to 
remain there untill reliev'd or order'd of, & that he Secure that post 
by a Stockade & inform me of every thing that happens by Express 
as well as at the posts at Broad River & Ogechee. You are to make 
all haste to inform me at all times of yr. proceedings. 

Head quars. Sav. 7. Jany 1777 
Sir, I wrote you the 2d. Inst, by your Express adair which I hope 
reach'd you time enough to way Lay & take those murdering Savages 
in their retreat to the So.ward, if they Escape it will be an eternal 
reproach upon yr. Regt. in all such cases Expresses should imidiatly 
be sent from post to post & partys order'd instantly from each Sta- 
tion to intercept the Ennemy, which Shews you the necessity of 
being ready in all times at a moments warning. The party at Beards 
Bluff behaved in a Shameful manner in diserting their officer & post 
& by our Articles of War is a Capital offence, & the officer Com- 
manding at Barrington, is much to be blamed when he knew that 
Important post to be vacant that he did not send a party to take 
possession of it imidiatly, & one to Scout for the Ennemy, untill 
you arriv'd to their assistance, which I hope is the case before this 
time & that you have directed all these things properly. That the 
Horse men may keep Scouting I have ordered & Sent 12 men of ist. 
Batt. to Barrington & Capt. Bostick with forty men to Beards Bluff, 
whom you may keep untill the danger is over, & by all means try to 
get Tools for them to Stockade themselves in at Satilla, Barrington 
& Beards Bluff while the horse are Scouting. I have kept Lt. Bugg 
this 2 or 3 days to get some money for you to keep the men in good 

33 



humor, altho' it is a shame for them to think of money or Settling 
while there is so much to do & their Country insulted or in Danger. 

8th. Jany 
Yesterday I reed, an Express from Capt. Bostick whom I order'd 
to Beards Bluff and was astonished to find that post vacant yet altho' 
the most important & commonest Ford or Entrance of the Savages in- 
to our State, by that neglect Bostick informs me a great number of In- 
dians are come over the river & enter'd the province thro' that avenue, 
if you find the information right, you are to pursue them with all 
Speed, & every force you can Spare out of the Several post[s] & 
prevent if possible their getting down to the Settlements, I expect 
yr. vigilance on this occasion will recover the honor lost by the 
troops at Beards Bluff. We are just informed a decisive Victory is 
gain'd to the northward 6000 kill'd & 4000 prisoners. [For] God's 
sake let us Georgians shew we only want an opportunity [to] fol- 
low their Examples when you have time you'll settle the posts & 
Scouts as I've directed. 

As Colo. Mcintosh has requested leave of absence f[rom] Setilla 
for his health. I have order [e]d Colo. Elbert to  Since I wrote 
the above. 
To Colo. Mcintosh & Maj[or Marbury] 

Hd. Qrs. 8th. Jany 1777. 
Colo. Elbert. I flatter myself your taking the Command [at Alata]- 
maha will bring things into some order there. I am sure it [will] 
make me much easier & happier than I have been for some [time.] 
Our Regt. of horse have been till lately in Compys. inti[rely] in- 
dependant of each other without any regulations or orde[r] many 
of their Officers altogether unacquainted with Serv[ice] or any 
kind of Subordination, which with the Continu[al] alarms from In- 
dians, Since they were Regt. & declar'd Co[ntinentals] & the Several 
distant post[s] they are oblig[e]d to occupy for [the] protection 
of the State render [e]d it impossible for me to bring them into any 
degree of order, which  tion that you may have that principallly 
in view, as y[ou] will have it more in yr. power upon the Spot, and 
as my Brother. Colo. M'Intosh informs me he is quite worn out with 
yr. hardships & fatigue of the Service & obtained leave to retire for a 
while. I inclose you what I wrote him yesterday in a hurry to be 
sent to Lieut. Few, which with the Orders I have at different times 
given him & Major Marbury will shew you my general plan & Serve 
you for Direction. If you find my Information well founded, that 



34 



they [sic] Indians are come over the Alatamaha use yr. utmost ex- 
ertion to pursue them & prevent their entering or coming near the 
Settlements; you'll have many applications from the Inhabitants to 
protect their particular properties, but the Security of the whole 
collection is our Duty, without any Partiality or particular respect 
to any one Individual; my Intention is to secure the whole, as well 
as Stocks of Cattle as plantations by a Chai[n] of Stockade forts 
at proper distances, to Scout to, &  is occasionally, and as far out 
as to keep the Ennemy always at a distance from the Settlement that 
they may rest easy & unmolested, which I expect to accomplish 

when are brought into some order, & nothing will con[tribu]te 

more to that End, & give them all a thorough knowledge [o]f the 
ground & their duty than to be relieved and exch[ange]d [t]heir 

post monthly & in rotation. I could wish by De (tho' it may be 

too soon yet) to have them in Detach [ments] from the several Com- 
panies & some time from   Corps on the several Stations & 

partys, to un the lessons they had from their Western Brethern, 

sho[uld] teach 'em to obey any Off [ice] r Set over them. 

I am very anxious to have a post fix'd in a [p] roper place upon 
the Indian Line on some Branch [of] Canoochie or Ohoopie abt. 
Midway between Beards Bluff & Capt. Hills post upon Ogeechie 
near Queensborough, as there is a great opening there for the Enne- 
[m]y to come upon our Settlements. I should be glad [if a]lso you 
would visit as soon as you can the several posts upon Alatamaha & the 
one upon Setilla River  out their forts & accustom the Men to work 
upon them by fatigue duty in turn, order them to Scout Continually 
from one to the other & give every Intelligence to the neighbouring 
posts & head quarters by every opportunity or by Express if neces- 
sary, which they have hitherto greatly neglected and often leave 
me in the dark. 

But I only mean upon the whole to give you a General Idea of my 
plan & leave yrself to prosecute it as vou think best, requesting of 
you to keep me inform'd of yr. proceedings as fully & frequent as 
possible. I wish you every Success. &ca. &ca. 

loth. Jany 1777. 
Capt. Richard Winn of 3d. Regt. Carolina Horse. 

You are to proceed with yr. Detachment to Barrington upon the 
River Alatamaha, where Colo. Elbert now Commands & follow such 
orders as he or any other Commanding Officer there shall give you. 
Capt. Caldwell with his Detachment is to remain there also untill 
further Orders. 



35 



Savannah 15th. [January] 1777 
Colo. Wm. McIntosh or Officer Commanding the Georgia Light 
Horse 

As it is absolutely necessary to have of provision for Men & 

Horses in the Several posts, it is difficult to get it to the So.ward 
I Have engag[ed] all the Corn & pease George Mcintosh Esqr. has 
up [on] Herds Island in the Mouth of the Alatamaha. I beg you will 
order some person to receive & take [care] of, untill you can carry 

it up to Barrington. you may do it soon. 

I am S[i]r 

Yr. most Obedt. Serv[t.] 

Head Quarters, Savannah 17th [January] 17 [77] 
Dear Sir, I am very anxious to hear what is doin[g] to the So.ward 
as the Last Acct. I had to be depended on w[as] Capt. Bostwick's 
Letter which I gave you, & intimated that a great number of Indians 
were come over this Side th[e] Alatamaha. I know you must be 
much in want of Major Marlborough, & he is impatient to be out 
with you, but he passed his word to the men that he would not 
return without some money for them, which he & I by all our In- 
dustry have not been able to Obtain. As we are so scarce of Officers 
for the Horse, which are so much wanted at this time, I Have re- 
leased the Captains McFarland, Cade & Few upon the promise of 
the Two former that they would behave better in future & acknowl- 
edgements & proper Concessions for their fau[lts] therefore they may 
resume their command & assist you as you see necessary. I Order'd 

Mr. Sunbury up to Barrington to assist you in Laying 

Fort Howe, or any others you would direct, which [I ho]pe 

he has done, & could wish proper Magazines cou'd be built by fatigue 
duty in each of the posts to contain [a] Quantity of Provision for 
Men & Horses, which will [be] absolutely necessary at all times. 
Capt. McFarland will be the Bearer of this, & would be glad you 
would sen[d] a person on purpose with a full Acct. of your pro- 
ceedings since you went from here. Your future plans & how long 
you think your presence will be necessary to the So.ward, which 
with your Stay there I Leave intirely to you [r] self. The old party 
of Carolina Horse, as well as the New are to remain under your direc- 
tion till further Orders. I am sorry to inform you our Victory to 
the No.ward is not yet [con] firm [e]d. I am very respectfully, Sr. 

Yr. most Obedt. Servt. 
Colo. Elbert. 



36 



23. Jany 1777. 
To Lym. Hall 1 

Dr. Brownson y Esqrs. 

& George Walton J 

I wrote to you the 17th. Ult. by the Geo. Packet, Burk, Copy of 
which I inclose. This serves also to cover returns of the Several 
Corps of Contl. Troops within this State which I beg you'll deliver 
to the proper board & inform me how to direct them that I may 
not trouble you in future & whether it is necessary for me to make 
monthly reports to such board & as I have hitherto always done to 
Genl. Howe or any other Officer Commanding in Chs. Town or 
the Southern Department at the same time. 

That I may not be a stranger to any part of my duty, I wish you 
would procure me all the Resolves of congress from the beginning 
as far as they are publish'd & bound with any other information 
you'll please to send. I am sorry to inform you that our recruiting 
goes on heavily. It is nearly at an End in this State & So. Carolina & 
Virginia is such a distance that makes it tedious & liable to many 
Interruptions. I have repe[a]tedly sent to hurry them in with what 
men they have got, but none have appear'd yet and the Duty in the 
State will not admit of my own Absence, as we are kept in almost 

perpetual Alarms by parties from Augustine & the on our 

So.them frontiers About Six Weeks ago they kille[d] 

our Light horse near Barrington & three Indians who are [said] to 
be the Murderers were taken, & are now in Irons here up [on] Occa- 
sion I sent a Talk to the nation by Tom. Gray, a cop[y] I take the 
Liberty to Inclose. Since that another pany a[ttacked] a post we 
had at Beard's Bluff upon Alatamaha 40 m[iles] higher up & kill'd 
four more of our Light Horse and esca[ped] with impunity but we 
have taken 6 other Creek Indians [who] were in the Settlements 
by way of Retaliation who are also in [irons] here. Our light horse 
have hitherto been in Compy. indep[endent of] each other upon 
provincial Establishment, under no kind of or[der] in their horses, 
pay, Cloths', Discipline or arrangement, & I f[ind] the utmost Diffi- 
culty since they were Regimented as Contine[ntals] & that I have 
had the Command of them to reduce them [to] tolerable Subordina- 
tion however, I have soon to accomplish Station them in a chain 

of stockades properly fix'd round the State, from each of which 

they are continually to Scout to the post so as to Secure the 

Inhabitants from future Insults. and probably when our Bat- 
talions are full & come in I able in case a Creek War is un- 
avoidable to Effect against them, provided I have direction 

37 



from Congress [to] that purpose & without any assistance from the 
mili[tia] of So. Carolina, who may be apt to claim the Creeks, as 

as they have our Cherokee Lands by Virtue of conquest for 

the assistance they gave us. But in such case I sho[uld] be glad my 
orders were explicit and full with Respect to the Expence, Equip- 
ment &ca. as a Spirit of Envy, J[e]alousy [and] Thirst of Office un- 
fortunately appears among us, which may retard & throw Stumbling 
blocks in the way, that may injure the Confederacy at Large & this 
State in particular. 

You'll observe by the return of the Light Horse, that one whole 
Company & part of some others are not yet arriv'd nor is it accu- 
rate as their constant Employmen[t] & distance of their Stations 
Since I had any concern with them, render [e]d it impossible to 
make an Exact Return yet. 

As I Intend writing to you in a few Days again, I conclude being 
hurryed & have the Honor to be very Respectfully Gentn. 

Yr. most obt. Servt 
L M 
Savannah Georgia 23d. Jany 17 [77] 

24 Jany 1777. 
[General] Howe, My last to you was the 17th. Inst, since which 

I reed. 3 of yr. fav[or]s; the 9th. Capt. Winn with abt. 50 of 

[TJhompson's horse came here whom I order [e]d imidiatly to fort 
Howe under the Direction of Colo. Elbert, who is gone there as my 
Brother return'd from the So.ward Sick & Major Marbury came to 
town for money again after promising his Men, who became very 
uneasy, that he would not return to them without it; he has been 
detain'd here this fortnight, at which he is so offended & at a time 
his presence was so necessary to the So.ward, that he resigned his 
Commission this day, which I am Sorry for, as he is an Excellent 
officer, & I fear many others will do the same. Suppose Colo. Thomp- 
sons Horse were order [e]d to this State & ours to Carolina for some 
time untill they were got once more in proper order? and I would 
have no objection to such an Exchange somewhere myself for a while, 
if it could be done with [pro]priety. Inclos'd you have the Monthly 
returns, not a man of our 2d & 3d. Bttls. yet arrived nor have I heard 
from them. Capt. Caldwell & Lt. Beams, are just come from fort 
Howe, the Latter I have given leave to return to Carolina being 
Sick the other to send for his first Command & return also as he 
says they are all in rags and begin to be uneasy & Colo. Elbert informs 
me no party of Indians have been seen Lately; the Officers & Men 
behaved exceeding well. I am &ca. 

38 



25- Jany 1777. 
Gen. Howe. I wrote to you yesterday by the honle. Mr. Drayton 
inclosing returns & informing you that I order [e]d the old detachment 
of So. Carolina horse home, but now am oblig[e]d to Countermand 
it & shall send Capt. Caldwell up to morrow to F. Howe, on acct. 
of Intelligence I reed, last night from Col. Elbert Copy of which I 
inclose. 

26 Jany 
Mr. Minis who is the Bearer did not set off yesterday as I ex- 
pected & this morning an acct. came t[hat a] large arm[e]d Sloop 
is in Sapelo River supposed to [be] Mowbury & doubtless with 
Intention of plundering. I just saw a letter from Major Cuthbert 

dated bourg Virginia 14th Decbr. giving acct. that our 2d. 

Batt[alion] is retum'd 4 or 500 Strong but not ready to ma[rch] 
yet. I am &ca. 

26 Jany 1777. 
Colo. Wm. Kennon. I must inform you the few Contl. Troops in 
this State are intirely out in Detached party's, upon Alarms & pro- 
tecting the out Se[ttlements] & cannot get them properly Supplied. 
I h[ave] repeatedly applied to Mr. Minis to no pu[rpose] & the 
necessity we are often under of tak[ing] peoples property is Grievous 
& Intolerab[le.] I must therefore insist that you put [these] matters 
on a better footing in future an[d as] soon as possible. 

25 Jany. 1777. 
Capt. Caldwell. By the information I had last night from Col. 
Elbert, I am under necessity of detaining yr. detachment some time 
longer at the Alatamaha, tho I feel for them, being in want of Cloths 
& other necessarys & desire you'll give them my thanks publickly 
for their good behaviour & conduct since they have been in this 
State, which I hope they will support while we are oblig'd to 
keep them, as I have not time to write Colo. Elbert you'll excuse me 
to him & receive yr. orders from him as he is upon the Spot, he must 
know where you'll be most necessary. I am &ca. 

Monday 26 Jany 1777. 
This morning I reed, accts, that an armed Vess[el fro]m Augus- 
tin was in Sapelo River, with intention no doubt to plunder the 
plantations, therefore instead of going to fort Howe directly you 
are to proceed to Sapelo river with all Speed & If you find the In- 
telligence right get as many men as you think necessary to protect 

39 



the different plantations of that Settlement & annoy the Ennemy 
as much as possible untill assistance arrive [s] from Savannah and 
when you think all danger over, you are to proceed with your men 
to fort Howe or whereever you are ordered here after. 

Savh. 28 Jany 1777. 
Capt. John M'Intosh You are to March with your party [with] 
all convenient speed to the first landing the North Side of Alatamaha 
River & relieve [Maj.] Cuthbert with his Detachment, who will give 
you the [orjders he receiv'd which you are to observe, with this 
Difference, that you detach yr. Lieut, with one Serjt. one Corporal, 
& fifteen men of yr. Command to Sapelo River to relieve the Serjt. 
there giving him Orders for the protection of that River & Similar 
to yr. own. 

You are both to stay constantly at yr. posts especially at night, 
visiting yr. Centinels & out posts often, be very careful that you 
are not surprized or any of the Inhabitants under yr. care molested 
or Insulted either by the Ennemy or any of your own people. 

7 febry. 1777. 
N. W. Jones, Esqr. I am informed the honbl, the Convention have 
been pleased to make some promotions in the Army in this State, I 
will be obliged to the house for the names & ranks of the Gentn. that 
I may appoint them in General Orders, that they may be known & 
obeyed accordingly. 

I have the honor to be &ca. 

This moment I reed. yr. note and shall get a List of Vacancies as 
soon as possible. 

8th. febry. 1 777. 
N. W. Jones, I inclose a return made to me of the Vacanci[es in 

the] first Artillery Compy. tho' it is a doubt with me if 

be a Capt. Lt. in an independant Company unless Regimented 

or that a Lt. fireworker is a Commissioned 

I would Submit it to Convention if it wou[ld] not be an Advan- 
tage to join one of the artillery to each Regt. of foot where by they 

would be better by an Adjutant; Attended by their Surgeons 

& pay[ed] by the paymaster of the Battalion. 

I omitted to report Yesterday that I appoi[nted] some time ago 
one Mr. Norway to act as Adjutant of the Geo. Light horse who was 
recommended [to] me as a proper person & he is now upon that 
[duty.] 



40 



15 febry. 1777. 
N. W. Jones, Esqr. Speaker. I have to inform the honbl, Conven- 

[tion] that Capt. Chs. Myddleton & Capt. Bugg have this day, 

resigned their Com [missions] in the Regt. of Light horse, that others 
[should] be elected in their room. Major Marb[ury] also who went 
to the Westward abt. a Week ago upon the public Service requested 
no fur[ther] orders Should be sent to him as an Offr. if any person 
was promoted by Convention over his head as Lt. Colo, of the 
Light horse. 

Capt. Dooley, who is going to Virginia on the recruiting Service 
requests he may be Supplied with Continental Money for that purpose. 

Savannah 19. feby. 1777. 
[Gen.] Howe This moment I receiv'd the inclos'd Express by a 
man who was in the engagement at fort M'Intosh on Satilla, who 
slipt out in the night of the day they were engaged (Monday) and 
have order'd all the Men that can be spar'd in Town (only abt. 70 
or 80) to march to morrow Morning to Capt. Winns assistance & 
the only Galley that is yet ready to go also with Ammunition & 
provision, in case the Ennemy intend to carry on a regular Siege 
against that Fort, or make a General Attack upon the State. As I can 
only conjecture upon these things, you'll judge what force may be 
necessary to assist us from the State of Carolina. It is next to im- 
possible to get any of our light horse from the Westward, let the 
Exigence be ever so great. 

o'clock at Night 

This Instant another Express arrived with a Letter from Capt. 
Bostick, dated 19th. Instant, which I also inclose. It is thought Col. 
provost Commands as there is 300 Regulars & 500 Indians and that 
they intend an attack upon this & Neighbouring State. 

19. febry. 1777. 
Colonel Scriven. I am just inform'd by Express that fort M'Intosh 
upon Satilla is besieged by Col. Brown (little Brown) with a con- 
siderable Force, therefore you'll please imidiatly to send express to 
Capt. Jo. M'Intosh at Darien to leave only a Serjt. & 12 men there, 
& a Corporal & Six men at Sapelo River & himself & Lt. Roach with 
the rest of their Command to march without Delay to Fort Howe 
(Barrington) & oppose the Ennemy 's progress. I expect also you'll 
raise as many Volunteers yr.self as possibly you can & proceed there 
with all Speed to their Assistance, untill I can send you more force. 
I beg you'll loose no time & am &ca. 

41 



Nine oClock at Night 
This moment another Express arriv[e]d infor[ming me] fort 
M'Intosh is taken by 300 regulars & 500 [Indians] & train of Artillery, 
& expect they will advan[ce on] our Settlements therefore for Gods 
Sake be ex[pedi]tious to prevent their crossing the Ala[ta]maha if 
possible. 

20th. feby. 1777. 
Capt Bostick I reed both yr. Expresses last Night & am sor[ry] 
Fort M'Intosh is lost, tho' I am Still in hopes, the M[en] who came 
to you only deserted their post, but in case [of the] Worst I have 
order [e]d all the Men we can Collect [to their] Assistance imidiatly 
& one of the Gallies, therefore use [every] Effort to prevent the 
Ennemys Crossing the Alatam[aha] & entering the Settlements untill 
you have as[sistance.] Your post & Beards bluff are of the utmost 
Conse[quence] & should be maintained to the Last for which pur- 
[pose] you should keep a Communication & assist each o[ther] Occa- 
sionally I am in a hurry Sir &ca. 
Keep me always inform'd. 

H. Qrs. 20 feby. 1777. 
Capt. hABERSHAM. You are to march with all expedition, with what 
men you have to the Assistance of Capt. Bostick at Fort Howe & 
prevent if possible the Ennemy's Crossing the Alatamaha & enter- 
ing our Settlements, for which purpose you are to keep a Constant 
Communication with the posts above & below Fort Howe upon that 
River & assist eighter of them as there may be occasion. 

The great Object is to Secure the Alatamaha, [so] the Ennemy 
may not enter our Settlements, in the effe[cting] of which, every 

effort must be essayed, untill the Gal Men by land come 

to yr. assistance, upon the [who]le much must be left to your own 
prudence & [ju]dgement, & will greatly depend upon the Intelligence 
you receive, which you'll keep me constantly [in]form'd off. 

March 23d. 1777. 
Lt. Colonel Harris 

Dear Sir As I know you must be sufficiently [t]ired of Fort Howe, 
I have ordered Colonel Stirk [w]ith 50 Men of the second Battallion 
to relieve [yo]urself, all the Captains of the first Battallion [wi]th 
all the Men whose times are expired, there after leaving your orders 
with Colonel Stirk [esp]ecially to guard every part of the Alata- 
[ma]ha from Darian, to Beards Bluff, & keep [scou]ts continually 
south of that river toward [Sa]tilla. You are to march immediately. 
If Colonel Sumpter with his regiment who was ordered to Fort 

42 



Howe is arrived that you think they with Colonel Stirks men 

are sufficient to guard the river & do every other necessary Duty, or 
if you hear of no reinforcement the Enemy have got, or preparations 
they are makeing to attack this State or if the president does not 
apply for any assistance from the Military, you may then march 
with all your Battallion to Head Quarters, as their times are now 
expiring Daily & am very anxious to see the Officers exert themselves 
in recruiting, & reinlisting their respective Companys full again as 
we know not how soon [we] have occasion for them. I a[m] Dr. Sir 

Yours &ca. 

March 2 [1777] 
Colonel Sumpter 

Sir. This moment I received [a letter] Dated Sunbury 23d. March 
without [a]ny [name] Signed to it but by its Contents suppos[e it] 
to be from you. As there was great [dis] content among a number of 
our first Bat[talion] whos[e] times are expired now at Fort H[owe] 

& many of them, I am informed Deserting I ordered Lieut 

Colonel Stirk yesterday wi[th] a Detachment of Colo. Elberts regi- 
men [t to] relieve Lieut Colo. Harris at Fort Howe all the Men 

whose times are out in ord[er to] pay them off, & Discharge them, 
and [if] possible to engage them again. Wi[th the] rest of your own 
regiment, I expec[t you] can sufficiently guard the Several p[osts] 
upon the Alatamaha & protect our S[ettle]ments from Insult, & also 
keep Scouts [con]tinually to the Southward to prevent as much as 
possible the carrying our Stoc[k] off, to whom you will of coarse 
give orders to annoy the Enemy whenever the[y] have an oppor- 
tunity, or try to Dislodge them from any posts they may have in 
possession, if you think it may be attem[p]ted, with any prospect 
of Success which I leave to your own prudence & judge- 
m[ent] with any thing else that you may [think] will be of Service 

to this & the U[nited] States giving me always an accot. [of 

your p]roceedings & situation, with ever}'^ dis inteligence 

you may get, & if [necessar]y by Express. 

our president has not applied to me any Continental Troops 

yet, or made [me] privy to his plan but if he requires any [as]sist- 
ance you will give it to the Ut[mos]t of your power, & Corporate 
with him [i]n every measure which will promote [t]he good of 
the common cause or Interes[t of] this State in particular. Colonel 
[Ha]rris will communicate any particu[lar ins] struction he !ias to 
you with the De [tails] of the Duty. I am verry respectfully 

Your most obt. Serr. 



43 



March 28th. 1777 
[Bujtten Guinnett E^qr. President. 

Sir, I received your Letter of Yesterday by Express, & notwith- 
standing an Expedition was talked off for several Weeks past through- 
out the State, and without consulting (as far as I can find) any 
Military Gentlemen in it, or requiring their aid till now, I have the 
pleasure to inform you that the Continental Troops under my Com- 
mand are always ready to march at the Shortest notice, & Asst & 
Co-operate with y[ou] in any measure that appears to hav[e a] 
probability of Success, or tends to prom[ote the] Interest of this or 

the United States. I have given orders for that days ago 

to Colonel Sumpter, at Fort Howe, upon the Alatam[aha] 

the chief of our Troops, are now sta[tioned one] or two Days 

march ahead of you, and [when] ever you inform me your people 

an any more of the Second, or third Batta[lion] who 

come in, if required, shall be sent [there] also, and if I am able ac- 
company th[em] myself, every assistance in my p[ower] shall be 
given, also to Commodore B[owen] to carry him round, as he re- 
quires, so I hope the Intention of these Wicked [and] design- 
ing men you mention, will be fr[ustrated] whom I wish you had 
named, that I [might] Guard the better against them. I wou[ld be] 
Hangman for the Villain, who betraye[d or] deceives his Country, 
or designedly Injures [any] good person in it, for his own advantage, 
or E[mo]lument. I shall be glad to hear often of y[our] proceed- 
ings to Govern mine, & am Sir, 

Your Most Obt. Serv[t.] 

Savannah 2nd. April 1777 
Charles Town 
Brigr. General Howe 

Dear Sir Inclosed is a Letter brought to me Y[es]terday by Capt. 
Colson & directed to you, which I opened, as Colson told me he 
heard it read, & knew the whole of the Contents & last [night] a 
man came down from the Westward with Accots. that three more 
M[en] were killed by the Indians at Clarks Fort in the Settlements, 
& [other] wise done much Mischief, by which it would appear 

that but the whole Indian Nation are bent 

[a]ttack us on every side; if so, I doubt we shall enough 

to do with our present Force to defend our [selves.] [The] Presi- 
dent at last wrote to me from Sunbury for as[sistanc]e from the 
Military which I promised to the utmost of [my pow]er, whenever 
it was necessary, but I dont hear that he has [recrui]ted any Militia 
yet, nor do I know the particular intention of [the ex]pedition; it 

44 



would seem as if first intended to be carryed on alto[gether] (what- 
ever was meant to be done) by the Militia in opposition to [the 
arjmy, but since the former cannot be got, it is likely the latter [is 
ajpplyed to as a hole to creep out of, & throw the blame upon the 
[Milijtar)' if nothing was done. Coll. Sumpter with his Men & [L]t. 
Coll. Stirk with 50 of Elberts are now upon the Allatamaha [the] 
first Battalion relieved to refresh themselves which they want- 
ed, & to discharge many of them whose times were Expired. [A1]I 
but 200 of Colo. Elberts are now in Town & ready on the [shortesjt 
Notice. None of our third Battalion have appear'd yet. [0]ur West- 
ern Settlements seem much alarmed, & many of them [thjreaten to 
fly the State if they are not supported, immediately. I should think 
if Coll. Thompson's Regiment was ordered to Fort Charlotte, & 
along the banks of Savannah River, where they would be always 
ready to assist when necessary, it would have a very good effect. 

Savannah 10 OClock A. M. April nth. 1777 
Sir, Your Letter of the 9th by Express is but just delivered by 
another person, & can only inform you once more that I am so far 
from retarding this, or any other service for the good of the State 
that all the Continental Troops under my Command have been under 
Marching Orders, & ready since you first applied to me for Assist- 
ance, & only waited to hear when you was So, & have been very 

uneasy Troops here shall set of[f] Imedia[tely] 

those upon the Alatamaha arrival of 

the Boats at that Meet with no farther Obstacles 



Yr. & ca. 
The Honble. Button Gwinnett 

Esquire President. 
Pr. Moseley. 

Savannah Ap[ril 13, 1777]^ 
Genl. Washington, 

Sir, Altho' I am just going off for East Florida with our Troops, 
& have not had any returns by me now, as I have hitherto regularly 
sent them to Genl. Lee, & since his Departure to Brigadr. Genl. Howe 
in Charlestown, I cannot avoid this Opportunity of giving you 
some account of our present Situation & Circumstances in this State. 



9. This letter has been filled In from the original in "The Papers of 
George Washington, Vol. 45, 1777, April 13-April 24," folios 254-6, in the 
Library of Congress. There are a few differences in spelling, punctuation 
and capitalization in the two copies. This letter book copy is not in Mcin- 
tosh's hand. 

45 



Our present Military force is between Seven & Eight hundred men, 
the first regiment of Infantry having Inlisted chiefly for twelve 
Mounths & are mostly discharged and have about 200 Men. the 
Second regiment have been recruiting in \^irginia since July last & 
said to have 400 men, about 250 of whom are very lately arrived 
here. The third regiment I am informed are near the same strength, 
& upon their march, but not above twelve of them come in yet. As 
we cannot expect many men this side of Virginia or N. Carolina, 
the Distance & other inconveniencies are so great that it makes the 
recruiting service extreamly tedious. Officers were appointed the 
last session of our Convention for a fourth regiment of Foot, but 
God knows when they can be raised. Our Light Horse were Origi- 
naly Independant Companies upon Provincial establishment, under 
very bad regulations, & since they have been made Continentals & 
regimented,^" I find much trouble to get them in any degree of Order, 
or proper returns of them though I have tried almost eveny^ method, 
as they are detached at different posts about the State, to protect 
our out Settlements, & the little discipline they were us'd to, they are 
now between three or four Hundred Men but very badly hors'd, 
which are hard to be got here, very Ordinary, & their price as well 
as every thing Else so Extravigantly high, that the pay of Twelve 
Dollars pr. mo. will not afford to purchase Good Horses & ration 
them. 

The 17th. Febry. last Colo. Fuser with 150 regulars & 120 Horse- 
men, & about 60 Indians under the Command of Colo. Brown from 
Augustine took one of our posts upon the river Satilla, to the 
So.ward, with 70 Men as their provision & ammunition were exhaust- 
ed and parties of the Enemies advanc'd to the River Alatamaha, 25 
Miles farther North, where I met them with the remains of the ist. 
Battalion (as none of the 2d. had then arrived) & prevented their 
Crossing that river, & entering or doing any Mischief in our Settle- 
ments, M ith only the Loss of twelve men. I am just cur'd of a wound 
I received there, & ready to march into East Florida at the desire of 
our Council to ritaliate, & endeavor to distress the Castill of Augus- 
tine if possible, which is said to be Garrisond by a^^ 1000 Men, tho' 
I doubt our force is too smalV- as most of our light horse are wanted 
at their Several Stations, to protect our out Settlements from the 
Insults of the Savages, who have been very troublesome, & kill'd 
several people in different parts of the State within this Six Mos. 



10. Reads, "Since they were under my Command after they were made 
Continentals, & Regimented" in original letter. Ibid. 

11. Reads, "abot." in original. Ibid. 

12. Reads, "will be too small" in original. Ibid. 

46 



past, we are under great apprehension this summer of a Genl. war 
with the Indians, through the Instigation & Encouragement given 
them by our Enemies in East & West Florida, & if the Several Tribes 
Unite, our Commissary Mr. Galphin says they will make near 20,000 
Gun men. for further particulars in these & other matters in our 
State I must beg leave to refer you to the Bearers, Dr. Houston, 
Surgeon of our first Battn. going for his health, & Raymond Demere 
Esqr. who acted for a short time as my Brigade Major & is going 
to see service^^ in your Camp, both of whom I take the Liberty to 
recommend to your Notice as they are particularly acquainted with 
every Civil & Mihtary Matter here. I should be glad to have your 
Commands & directions when convenient, and have many things to 
Mention respecting the Service which I must refer to another oppor- 
tunity. I have the Honor to be respectfully & truly Yr. Excellys. 
most obt. Hble. Servt. 

Lachlan Mcintosh 
Brigr. Genl. Georgia 

Savannah 13th. April 1777. 
His Excelly. General Washington 
The Honl. Button Gwinnett 
Sir, I have been with the Continental [Troops at] yours & the 

Councils request, ready to Embark since waiting Impatiently 

for the Malitia you said w[ould] Join. The Commodore informs me 

his fleet are ready, be glad to know why the expedition 

should be a delay'd, besides the pretended Flag of Truce, where 

we have been Jockeyed (to give it the most favora[ble] 

probably the Enemy have otherwise got a they desire, 

which they doubtless will of. If the Expedition is to be 

carried prudence directs us to give them no Longer 

th therefore, I intreat you, as it does not appear w[e 

will] have any assistance to let us have the provision [s] neces- 
sary preparations, to proceed ourselves, with [out] farther obstructions. 

Yr. &ca 
Sunbury 17th. April 1777. 

Colo. Elbert Savannah 26th. April 177 [7] 

Dr. Sr. Your Letter bv Capt. Mosby (Express) [is n]ow before me. 
The Orders & Instructions sent to y[ou] & inclos'd in it, was kept a 

profound secret from m[e] I am told from some of their own 

board, as well every part of their Proceedings the Last 

13. Reads, "see Some Service" in original. Ibid. 

47 



Mee[ting w]here I had not so much as a hearing, which [was] the 
reason I cou'd not tell how to write to you. I realy Pity the dis- 
appointed & undeserv'd [peo]ple, which does me Honor, 

it [shojws the world that all their [inv]ention cannot find any Just 
[com] plaint. I am determin'd that [nothing] shall ever cause me to 
sacrafice [m]y Country, whatever they may [do] to forward this 
Expedition, which [w]as delay'd so Long, only to endeavor [to find] 
some flaw in my conduct. I chearfu[lly r]esign the Command of it, 
as it is to you, confident that [ever^^] thing will be done to serve our 
Country & [the com]mon cause that can reasonably be expec[ted.] 

The directions of the Council shews fully [the] intention of the 
Expedition, which you are [to pursue to] the utmost of your power, 
but as [we ha]ve not the force that was first Expected, [and the] 
Enemy have been inform'd of our Proceed [ings] by the pretended 
Flag of Truce, & otherwise [allowe]d so much time to prepare & be 
upon [their] Guard, I wou'd advise Great Caution & [p]articularly 
against ambushies, that you may have as many men as Possible, a 
Serjeants Guard of those least able to March [be] left at the Lower 
Post of the Alatamaha & a like number of those who have no horses 
of Colo. Bakers Regimt. at F H[owe will] be Sufficient to inform 
the Inhabitants [of a]ny Alarm that may happen & assist you[r] re- 

tr]eat if necessary over that river. General is very Pressing to 

have Colo. Sumpter 

[End of Letter Book.] 



48 



PART II 



Miscellaneous Papers 

1774 - 1799 



MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS 

''Copy of Letter of i8th. & 21st. July 17-^4, to James Hume 
Esqr. Att. Gen. concerning the Murder of A. Simpler''^ 

Darien in St. Andrews Parish 19th. July 1774. 
Sir Inclosed I send you Inquisition upon the Body of Anderson 
Simpler late of St. Davids Parish planter was cruely murdered 
yesterday i8th. Insta. upon Broton Island in this Parish & also the 
Recognizance of Jonathan Beal one of the Evidences who is the only 
one brought before me yet. I have Summoned two others David 
Wallace & Zachariah Horen or Oren both of St Davids parish who 
are very material ones but they have not appeared yet. I am Sir &ca. 

LM. 

2 1 St. July 1774. 
Sir, Since the above Jessiah Barrington was brought before me & 
brought two Witnesses Toms Read & William Williams Junr. with 
him whom I was realy at a Loss whether to admit as Evidences as 
they were in his Company during the whole Transaction & neither 
attempted to prevent the Mischief or Secure the perpetrators after 
it was Commited but I send you inclosed their Examinations & Recog- 
nizances to do with as you please. I am Sir 

Yr Hble Servt. 
L Mcintosh 

To the Honle. James Hume Esqr. Atty. Genl. 
Per Geo Mcintosh Esqr. 

Resolutions of St. Andrews Parish.^ 
St. Andrews Parish Georgia Thursday 29th. June 1775 

The Freemen Freeholders & Inhabitants of the Lower District of 
this Parish Convened together this Day at the Meeting House (ac- 



1. When headings of these papers are given in quotation marks, they 
are the headings given them by General Mcintosh in a note on the back. 
Unless otherwise stated the papers are in the hand of Mcintosh. This paper 
Is in an unknown hand. 

2. In an unknown hand. 

50 



cording to Publick Notice) having Maturely Considered the Dis- 
putes Existing between Great Britain & America & in order to oppose 
as much as in them Lies the alarming Claim & pretensions of the 
former they have chose Lachlan Mcintosh, William Mckintosh, 
George Thread Craft, John Wereat, Roderick Mckintosh, John With- 
erspoon, George Mckintosh, Allan Stuart, John Mckintosh, & Ray- 
mond Demeree; or any one [or] more of them to represent the Lower 
District of this Parish in a General Provincial Congress to be held 
at Savannah on Tuesday the 4th. July next to Consider & Determin 
upon the properest means for that purpose. 

By order of the Meeting 

Lachlan Mckintosh Chairman 

Mcintosh to General Lee^ 

Sir, Since I came to Savannah we hear from the Southward that a 
Number of Regulars & Indians to the amount of 5 or Six hundred 
are come from St, Augustin to the River St. Marys with Intention 
it is Said to cross that River & enter this Province. A party of Militia 
were ordered in Consequence of this Inteligence to asist the Rangers 
in repelling them from whom we had no Accot. yet, and the out 
Detachments of my Battalion brought in for the Protection of the 
Town, least the attempt from the Southard may be intended to facili- 
tate, & Co-operate with an attact from Sea, which Seems probable. 
We are further informed that some of the foreign Troops are lately 
arived in St. Augustin, that they have many Indians there also who 
are regularly trained every Day. This I thought proper to mention 
to your Excelly. that you may be better able to Judge of the Enemys 
Intention by Comparing their motions here with their Manoevres 
in Carolina. 

I shall be glad to receive your particular orders on this & every 
other matter that occurs, and have the Honor to be your Excellys. 

Most obt. Hble Servt. 
Lachn. Mcintosh. 

His Excelly. Genl. Lee. 

Savannah in Georgia 7th. July 1776 

The bearer of this is Lieutt. Colo. Elbert of the Georgia Conti- 
nental Battalion. 

Since 1 wrote the above an accot. is just reed, per Express that the 
Indians has killed one Capt. Smith & his Family on little River abot. 

3. This letter Is owned by the Lachlan Mcintosh Chapter, Daughters of 
the American Revolution, Savannah, and is deposited with the Georgia His- 
torical Society. It is published here with permission of the Chapter. 

51 



150 Miles west of this Town, and have taken several Familys Pris- 
oners at & near Keeowie, Fort Prince George & carryed them over 
the Hills to [illegible] Stewarts Commissary, 
[Endorsed:] 

To His Excelly. Charles Lee E^qr. 
Major General & Commander in Chief of the American Forces in 

the Southern District 
Charlestown So. Carolina 
Pr. Favo. Lieutt. Colo. Elbert. 

"S<?w Lacklan 22d. July i'jj6^* 

Darien July 22d, 1776* 
Dear Father I received your Orders by Ensign Morrison Dated 
July 13 th. with a Command of 24 Men with the Sergeant and two 
Corporals, two of the Men By name Gray and Martin, Deserted 
from Morrison on the Road. I arrived home the Second Day after I 
left you, and found all the family in perfect Health, Plantation Busi- 
ness going on very well. Osburn has not been to Visit us yet, nor am 
I the least affraid of him now, as I am sure our 20 Men can Cope 
with his Co. at any time. James Baillie before I came home, had moved 
all the Wenches, and Children up to Cathead and makes the fellows 
at night sleep over at new hope. I fancy Osburn can do him no 
other Damage than Burning the Houses upon the Island, which I 
shall endeavour to hinder, if I have the least Warning of his being 
there. 

The Children comes on very ffast indeed with their Shooling. 
Geor[g]e mends Dailey in his writing and reading. Henry, and 
Hetty can spell pretty well. They are verry much in Want of some 
Spelling Books, or Primers, it went entirely out of my Head, when 
I was comeing out of Town, or I should have Supplyed them with 
that article; if you would send Billey to one Mills's on the Bay he 
may get some Primers, as for Spelling Books there is none to be had 
in Town. Wee have a verry fine Crop of rice upon the ground, the 
field below the House is under Water, and all Shooting out. wee have 

4. This and the following four letters are in the hand of Lachlan Mc- 
intosh, Jr., son of General Mcintosh. He attained the rank of Major in the 
Georgia Line and died February 15, 1783, at the age of 25 in Camden. South 
Carolina, while conducting his mother and family home to Savannah after 
long exile. He had been in the Continental service since the beginning of 
the war, serving at various times as aide to his father and to Major-General 
Baron von Steuben. He was afterwards appointed by General Washington 
Inspector General of the Western Department where he acted also as Deputy 
Adjutant General. (The Gazette 0I the State of Georgia. February 27, 1783.) 
He has often been confused with Lachlan Mcintosh, Jr., son of the Gen- 
eral's brother, William. 

52 



not let Water into the other field yet, but shall in a couple of Days. 
The Com is pretty good, but the potatoes are but poor. The Negroes 
are now getting Stuff for a Barn. Squared Loggs 20 feet by 30. long. 
I have got Camil Laciter to put them up for me he will begin about 
the latter end of the Week. I have no more to acquaint you of at 
present. I am 

Your affectionate Son 
Lachn McKintosh Junior 
[Endorsed:] 
Colonel Lachlan McKintosh 

Savannah 
Per favour 

"Sow Lack's Letter 2jth. July i'j'76^^ 

Darien July 27th. 1776^ 
Dear Father. I received your Letter Yesterday Evening by Ser- 
geant Law, Express. I was surprised to hear Bradshaw had not come 
to Town, as I kept him hear no time, however by enquiring of Ser- 
geant Law, he told me that he came in Town, the Evening he sat 
out. I hope he delivered you my Letter safe wherin I acquainted you 
fully of every transaction both publick, and private at Darien. I am 
sorry to hear by your Letter that Osbum has got safe over the 
Barr. I was in hopes Captain Bowen if he did not take him, would 
damage his Vessels very much. He has not been up this river yet. How- 
ever I shall keep as strict a Guard as If I expected him Hourly, and 
I shall endeavour to get some trusty [word torn off] down at Fred- 
erica that will inform me if he should come that Way. I am sorry 
you can't take a step home at this time, however it was a thing im- 
possible as you expected General Lee, and another Battalion of Con- 
tinental Troops. I should like much to be there, at the time of their 
comeing in, they will make a fine show. The family are all verry 
hearty. 

I remain Dr. Father 

Your affectio[na]te Son 
Lachn. McKintosh Jr. 

P.S. The Command are verry well satisfied quite contented with 
their rations. I have given them half a pint of Rum every other Day 
since they came here, but I intend for the future to give them but 



5. Bears list in General Mcintosh's hand: "Field piece, ps. Linnen, Old 
Baker, John Lorick, Breetches, Chair." 

53 



every third day. They were sent of here without Catridge Boxes, 

they are obliged to put their Catridges in their pockets which makes it 

verry inconvenient. 

[Endorsed:] 

Colonel Lachlan McKintosh 

Savannah 
by Express Serjent. Law 

"Son Lachlan 14th. Augt. ijj6'' 

Darien Alatamaha 14th. August 1776 
Dear Father. I received Your Letter of the loth. Instant I am 
sorry to find you are disappointed in coming home, as wee have 
been expecting you for this Week past, however wee shall look for 
you dailey. I am happy to find the Colonys have at last proclaimed 
a Free and Independent States let us have no more of British Tyranny. 

As it is inconvenient for you to send a command to relieve me, 
I am verry well satisfied as I find all the Command excepting three 
or four are quite contented to stay another month. The only thing 
I have to complain of, is that a Detachment of Men should be sent 
to so dangerous a post as this, without a plenty of Amunition. I have 
but a small Kegg of Catridges Lieut. Handley Brought here, not 
more than 5 or 6 rounds at most apiece for the men and not one 
single man has a Catridge Box. Wee had an alarm a few days ago, they 
were obliged to carry their Amunition in their pockets, which was 
verry unhandy in case they had been engaged, however I shall en- 
deavour to make out another month with what amuni[tion] I have. 
I believe wee shant be in Want as I may get some powder from Cap- 
tain Thredcraft belonging to the militia in case of necessity. I sup- 
pose you heard before now that Colonel Laurens's overseer at N. hope 
George Aaron has run away carryed 5 of Colonel Laurens's Negroes, 
Uncle Williams Negroe fellow Oskar, and 5 or 6 of his best Horses, 
robbed poor James Baillie of every ragg of his wearing apparell. 
James Baillie with eight or ten of the militia went immediately in 
persuit of him, but it answered no affect, he got safe into Florida. 
Baillie is now moving the rice from New hope up to Darien, and I 
believe he will move the Negroes likewise. I advised him to do it, 
as I thought Colonel Laurens's Inter [es]t not at all safe there, since 
Aron went away and it wou'd be impossible for Baillie to give me 
timely notice in case he would attempt to robb a second time. I 
shall consult with the Commissioner, and get the Negroes doing 
something about the Fort, is better than they should be Idle. I shall 
endeavour to put a guard at Billey Clarks or Creightons Island. 

My Mother and all the Children are verry well, excepting Hetty 

54 



she has had the fever for some days past, but is getting better again. 
Inclosed I send you some of George's writing, he and Henry comes 
on verry fast in their Schooling, their Master takes great pains with 
them. Wee have as fine a Crop of rice as you wou'd ever desire to 
see, wee shall have some fit to cutt in less than three Weeks. Since 
I wrote you last wee have had most of the Negroes employed in 
getting stuff for a Barn. I have got Camil Laciter to Build it, he 
will finish it in a Week or ten Days more. I am at a Loss what to 
put the Negroes about now, without it is to clear a new Corn field 
betwixt this and Darien. I have nothing to acquaint you of more. 
I remain Dr. Father 

Your affectionate So[n] 
Lachn. McKintosh Jr. 

I delivered the two necklesses to my Mother and Hetty they are 
verry fond of them being American produce. 

P.S. The White Maire Serjeant Law rode here, took the stagers 
a few Days after he went away and died. I wish you could send [my] 
Horse home as he is much wanted. 
[Endorsed:] 

Colonel Lachn. McKintosh 
Savannah 
Per favour Lieut. Cuthbert 

"Son Lachlan 2^th. August i'j']6^'' 

Alatamaha August 24th. 1776 
Dear Father The Unhealthy Situation of my Command Just now, 
obliges me to send an Express to acquaint you. I have now Six or 
Seven Extreem ill with a verry Violant kind fever, they have no 
I[n]termission at all Scarcely and last night one of them a little 
Scotch Boy died. I can assure you Sir it was not the want of care 
occasioned his Death; I spare no pains or Expence attending the 
poor fellows when they are Sick, and I keep Doctor Blunt, con- 
tinually with them, I excuse him from all duty upon that Account. 
They seem to cry out now for to be relieved, think a change of air 
will be of Service to them. However I am in hopes no more of them 
will die, as I give them to Day plenty of the Dogwood Bark, they 
seem to be more lively than they were yesterday. 

I remain Dr. Father 
Your affectte. 

Lachn. McKintosh Jr. 
My Mother and the Children are all well and desires to be remimber 
to you. 

If you cant relieve them they say if they cou'd get some Qoths 

55 



they would be satisfied some of them and indeed almost the whole I 
can assure you have not wherewith to hide their Nakedness 

I am as before 
L.M. 

Lachlan Mcintosh Jr. to his Father. 

[August, 1776] 
The Gray maire the Express rode, fagg'd very much by the time 
she got here. I did intend last night to let my Horse go in her 
rome [room], but was obliged to do it this morning as she got out 
of the Way and as the Express has been almost three Days coming 
from Savannah. I could not think of keeping him longer than last 
night. I shall look up the mair this morning & acquaint you by my 
next Letter how I like her. I believe her to be a verry good Creature. 

I am yours, &ca. 

L. Mackintosh Jr. 

^^Resolve of the St. Andrews Parochial CoTimiittee loth Sept. 
ij'jS ivth. List of Torys'*'' 

In Committee St. Andrew's Parish the loth. September 1776.* 
Whereas greater Lenety, & Indulgence hath been shewn to the 
people called Torys in this Parish, than any others of their Stamp 
throughout the Province, from a natural reluctance of going to 
extremeties with those we once called our Friends, Neighbours, & 
nearest Connections, & a desire that they might become sensible of 
their Error, & that such indulgence would induce them to join 
heartily in the cause of their Country. But unfortunately we find 
them still to persist obstinately & determinately in their opinions, & 
by it's continuance grows into an Inveterate hatred, & malice against 
the cause of America, & all it's abettors, which threatens our own 
safety especialy in this frontier & exposed Parish if those People 
are suffered any longer to go at Large. This is evident by their re- 
peated Threats, their plans, and attempts upon those of our fellow 
Citizens, who exerted themselves most, & have distinguished them- 
selves in their Country's Cause not only by the many artful insinua- 
tions, & schemes to bring them into Suspicion, but also against their 
Lives. Add to this, the breach of Faith, parole of honour, & the most 
solemn Oaths of some of these people, their Non submission to our 
Laws, refusing our Currency for the common necessaries of Life, 
their positive & general refusal to pay the fines laid on them by 
Congress, Rejoicing on every Prospect of the success of our Enemies 

6. In hand of John Wereat. 

56 



whether Civilized (if they may be so called) or Savages, and their 
gloomy sullen Silence & Aspects when disappointed, with many other 
parts of their Conduct & behaviour to[o] tedious & too Invidious to 
enumerate. We are so far from disapproving the forbearance of our 
predecessors in Committee, towards these Men, as some of Narrow, 
Contracted, & designing views have done, that we highly commend 
their Humanity & Moderation as well as their Fortitude, who being 
so few, stood forth, at the risque of their Lives, amidst such num- 
bers of secret as well as open professed Enemies, untill they were 
found incorrigible. We therefore having taken those reasons with 
many other agravating curcumstances into mature consideration, & 
with the tenderest regard to that Freedom we contend for, which 
we would not wantonly & without the utmost Necessity deprive any 
one individual off. Do now, resolve that the following Persons, as 
dangerous to the public safety, be immediately taken into safe Cus- 
tody, & if necessary the assistance of the Military requested, until 
they take the Test, or give satisfactory Security to the President & 
Council that is to say 



Sir Patrick Houstoun 
Robert Baillie 
Alexr. Baillie 
Alexr. Todd 
David Ross 
William Ross 
John McDonald Senr. 
William McDonald 
John McDonald Junr. 
John Southerland 



Angus Kenedy 
Murdock McLeod 
Hugh McKinzie 
Donald McKay 
Angus McKay 
William Clark 
Alexr. Creighton 
John Mcintosh 
Thomas Young 
Archibd. McDonald 



James Chapman 
Alexr. McDonald 
John Ryan 
Robert Grant 
Roderick Mcintosh 
William Cannon 
George Cannon 
John Cannon 
John McDonald mason 



By order of the Committee 
signed 
Charles McDonald, Chmn. 

St. Andrews Parish loth. September 1776 
Sir You are requested to give every asistance in your Power to 
any party of the Militia, in taking up the people called Torys, in 
this Parish, according to a Resolve of our Committee this Day. 
To any Military Officer 

Commanding in St. Andrews Parish 

''Copy Letter to President [Bulloch] ist. Novr. i'j'j6"'^ 

Sir I arrived here late last night and found people in the utmost 
confusion, Familys, Women, Children, & Luggage all along the road 



57 



as I came, mooving different ways, [illegible] as it was. I believe 
I have chiefly removed there fears and convinced many of them 
that they may rest perfectly Secure at their respective Homes. All 
that I can Learn yet is that a party of people (whether White or 
Indians or both together is not yet known) burnt one William Wil- 
liams's Houses and provisions on the other side of the Alta- 
maha, & a nother party burn[t] several small Settlements on this 
side of the river, about Beards Bluff on the Ceeded Lands. I ordered 
a party immediately to secure the river up as far as Ahoopy part 
of them to cross the Alatamaha at the Ford at Beards Bluff leaving 
the rest to keep possession & fort them Selves at that important pass. 
Two other partys I have ordered South of the Alatamaha one of them 
to Scout up that river untill they Join the First & proceed to the 
Southward, while the other goes directly to Satilla or even over St. 
Johns river if necessary so that I think they can hardly miss over- 
taking and chastising the fugitives. I ordered a fourth party of 
Horse Men to Carnys Settlement upon Turtle river as I was in- 
formed when I came here that Captain Oldis' in an arm'd Schooner 
with 60 Men came aShore on Frederica Island burnt one Whittiers 
Settlement Killed some of his Creaturs & sent some Boats up Turtle 
River to Carneys. I am now getting Boats ready to send a party 
after them by Water also; how necessary would one of the Gallies 
or arm'd Boats be now if Stationed at the Devidings as I proposed 
instead of Lying Idle in & about Sunbury but I hope wee will get 
people to know their duty better & in proper order soon. When wee 
shall be able not only to protect our Settlements but retaliate upon 
the plunderers. I prepose going in the morning to Barrington and 
Beards Bluff myself to Direct the proceedings of Major Marbury & 
his people whom I expect in a few Days down from the Western 
Settlements. All those that I find well Horsed I think to send to the 
Southward as they come while the others with the Detachment of 
the Battallion are fixing the Chain of forts proposed which I appre- 
hend will keep our Settlements in perfect Security in future & I 
hope will meet with your Excellencys and the Councils approbation. 
One thing I am at a loss how to act in & should be glad of your 
direction as soon as possible that is whether I shall give orders to 
our partys to fire upon Indians, they appear to me either to flatter 
our Enemys with a Shew of Joining them in order to get as much 
as they can, or to restrain themselves from Killing any of us, while 
they are provoking us every other way they can to have the plea 
of our beginning first but surely Burning & Destroying our prop- 

7. In unknown hand. 

58 



erty is commencing Hostility as much as Killing; on the other Hand 
although it is provoking to suffer these insults if they are found to be 
guilty, it is a quere whether it is not prudent to defer an open 
Breach with them untill wee are better prepared, but these things I 
leave to your Excellencys consideration & have the Honr. to be 
yr. Ex. &c. 

I St. Novr. 1776 

It appears to me these partys by Land & Water were in concert 
to attack us at the same time. I hope this will open our Eyes to see 
the necessity of Evacuating our Islands & South of this river as soon 
as possible. 

^'Talk Sent by Tom Gray to Indians 2^d. Deer. i'j'j6''^ 

General Mcintosh, the head Man of [words torn off] belonging to 
the Wise Men of Georgia, Sends Talk to his Brothers, Country 
Men, Warriou[rs] & Head Men of all the Creek Nation. 

Brothers, 

We in Georgia, & you red Men of the Creek Nation are, and 
should be one People, the same Ground produces the Corn, the Deer 
& the Cattle that feeds us, & we look upon you as Children of the 
same Mother, we could wish & desire that your Wise Men & our 
Wise Men would join, meet, & Consult each other in the Council 
House. Your Warriours & our Warriours take up the Hatchet as 
with one Hand to keep our Enemys the red Coats & other people 
over the great Water out of our Country; they want to take our 
Lands from us, & make you & us Slaves to cut down all the Trees 
and work them, and they pay John Stuart & other bad Men to tell 
you Lyes, & Cheat you, as they paid our old Governor to Cheat us, 
but our Wise Men knew him well, & would not believe him. We are 
sorry to hear some of you, our Country Men & Brothers, give ear 
to John Stuart, Governor Tonen [Tonyn], and other bad People; 
They cheated the Cherokees with their Lyes, who were so foolish 
as to believe them & take up the Hatchet against their Brothers, & 
Country Men, the Carolinians, and now they see, when they are 
drove out of their Country, like a Gang of Cattle, & their Corn all 
destroyed, that the people over the great Water cannot help them; 
they are too far off; their bigg Canoes cannot [words torn off] 



8. This is the Talk referred to in Letter Book, under date of 27 Decem- 
ber, 1776, above. 

59 



[t]hem, and the few that come, can only [words torn off] in their 
Castles & Strong Houses, and where [thjere is clear Ground, they 
lose themselves [am]ong our Trees, & cannot fight as we do. We 
[ha]ve been killing them, & beat them at Boston, New York, Charles- 
town & every where they tryed to come aShore from their bigg 
Cannoes near two years, untill they are now tired of it, & going 
back to their own Country & Leave this Land all to ourselves. 
Brothers, 

We Love you, & wish to make you a happy People as ourselves, 
our Fathers who Settled this Land first & your Fathers Loved one 
another, but we are Sorry to See that some of you their Children 
have forgot it, altho' you are bom in the Same Country with us 
you call us Virginians, you believe the Lyes that every bad Man 
tells you against us. your bad Men Steals our Horses our Cattle & 
Sett our Houses on fire, and do every thing in their power to make 
us Angry, & take up the Hatchet against you. you know we always 
had great patience & tryed to forget these things as we wished to 
continue vour Friends but now. General Mcintosh's Warriors are 
angry Three of your People have killed some of our People, & they 
must have Satisfaction. Our Warriors took them Prisoners & wanted 
to kill them, but our Wise Men would not Let them do it, but keep 
them untill all your Head Men comes down to Savannah & do it 
themselves,^ and then make a firm Peace with you, which will last 
as Long as the Sun Shines or the Waters Run [an]d be like one 
People. 

[Words torn off] Mcintosh himself is one of the old People who 
settled this Land first with [words torn off] he shook Hands and 
knew many [words torn off] he Loves you their Children, [words 
torn off] own Good, that you would hear this Talk of his & think 
gravely upon it, and Send down [a] 11 the Head Men of your Towns 
to Savannah soon to Sit in Council House with our Wise Men, or 
else he cannot restrain his Warriors any Longer from going up to 
your towns & drive you out of your Country as the Carolinians have 
drove their Country Men the Cherokees. 
Savannah 23d. Decem. 1777 [should be 1776] 

By Singer & Tom Gray 



9. The word "yourselves" is written directly above "tliemselves" in this 
draft, and the words are bracketed. Apparently Mcintosh had not decided 
which word to use. A similar choice between words or phrases appears in 
many of the following papers. 

60 



^Tapers respecting the Augustine Expedition in April ijjY^^' 

Savannah 24th. March 1777. 
I wrote Colo. Sumpter see No. i. with Genl. Howe's Letter- 
to asist the president if he required it. 
25th. March 
Reed, the presidents first Letter of yesterday, desiring asistance. 
See the Letter & the reply upon it, No. i . wth. General Howes Letter. 
28th. March 
Reed, the presidents Second Letter, of yesterday, & put all our 
Troops under Marching orders on the Shortest Notice. See the Let- 
ter, No. 2. with the Reply upon it. 
8th. April 1777. 
Reed, this Day orders from the Council, in consequence of a 
Council of warr held in Savannah. No, 4. 
loth. April 1777 
Reed, the presidents 3d. Letter of yesterday & ordered the Troops 
immediately to march. See Letter No. 3. with Answer upon it. to be 
at a Council Warr Sunbury Monday 14th. 
Fry day i ith. April 
Colo. Elbert with all his Regiment, & part of the ist. Regimt. 
who waited ready Since yesterday for the Militia, started this Day. 
& got to Sunbury Sunday. 

Sunday the 13th. April 
After Seeing the remainder of the ist. Battalion off, I Set out this 
Day myself. 

Monday the 14th. April. 
I arrived at Sunbury in the Evening, see Note & answer No. 5. 
& held a Council of the Officers, who were of opinion, the presidents 
calling a Council of Warr, Courts Martial, or any other Detail of 
the Duty was out of his Line, quite Improper for the President of 
the State, & interfering with the particular province of the Officers 
of the iMilitary, & more especialy as there was few or no Militia 
to Join them, &ea. &ea. 

Tuesday 15th. April. 
Held a Council of Officers (Commandants of Corps) at the pres- 
idents who were of opinion, that a Continental General was alto- 
gether useless in this State, if he had not a right to call Councils of 
Warr, Court Martials, & other orders respecting his own Brigade, 
but the General and Commanders agreed themselves to wait upon the 

10. There is a copy of this paper in the Peter Force Georgia Transcripts 
in the Library of Congress. A few missing words in the above were supplied 
from the Force copy. 

61 



president on all Occasions for his directions respecting their Several 
Departments, plans of operation &ca. & they to call their Several 
Councils of warr &ca. according to the Rules & Discipline of warr in 
order to forward the Expedition. & they waited upon him accord- 
ingly this Evening for that purpose, with which Seemingly all 
partys were Satisfyed. 

Wednesday i6th, April 
Ordered both Regiments to be ready to Embarque, & that all the 
Officers take the Oaths of Fidelity & abjuration. Lyman Hall coming 
to Sunbury brought back the old contest of the right of calling 
Councils of Warr, when it was thought to be Settled, & Summonses 
were Served upon the Several Field Officers to attend to Morrow 
lo oClock. See No. 6. 

Thursday 17th, April 
The Troops Embarqued. Sent Letter No. 10. I attended the Coun- 
cil with the Commodore agreeable to Summons See No, 6 but no 
officer from the ist. & 2d. Battalions, upon which Colo. Sumpter 
[blank]. I then Issued orders for a Council of Warr at Colo. Elberts 
Tent which was held, & made a return of their Sense to the pres- 
identNo. 7 then orders were given by the president to the Captains 
of the two Gallies & Artillery to fire upon any Boat or vessel that 
went down the River, without acquainting the Commodore or my- 
self of it. A Council of State Sent for &ca. 

Saturday 19th. April 
four of the Council Sat & passed Resolves &ca. Tested &ca. which 
were Sent to me that Night by the president. No. 8. 

Sunday 20th. April 1777. 
Called a Council of warr. Laid the Resolves before them, which 
they pronounced unworthy their Notice & was the reason their 
opinions was not Signed after giving it. No. 9. Set off for Savannah 
in the Evening, and Monday Night came to Town. 

Tuesday the 2 2d. 
Council of State called, to whom I presented a Remonstrance See 
No. 9 which was thrown aside without giving me a hearing an 
Act of injustice unheard of, & in fact, part of them (as I am in- 
formed) took upon them to Suspend me by issuing orders to Colonel 
Elbert, dated them two Days afterwards, conscious of their illegal 
& unjust proceedings & I am told wrote Secretly to Congress to 
Confirm it altho this Honourable House was so near Sitting who of 
right ought to enquire into these proceedings. 

Wednesday the 23d. 
This morning the President sent his orders to Colo. Elbert by 



Express, & after these proceedings in which I might be Said to be 
Condemned without hearing. I was Sent for by Council, but Still 
Stove off & evaded giving me a hearing that Day nor ever Sent or 
allowed me any afterward. 

Saturday the 26th. April 

reed. Colo. Elberts Letters, with Copy of the Councils Instruc- 
tions which see No. 1 1 . Called a Council of warr, which see No. 1 2 
with my Answer. 

Thus I have given the House a plain candid Accot. Since I was 
concerned or had any knowledge of an Expedition first formed to 
gratify the dangerous^^ Ambition of this Man, & which distressed 
this Country so much & so amazing an Expence, tho' not well equipt 
for want of knowledge in him at last. & I fear its Consequence, whereas 
had He proceeded properly Consulted the Officers of the Army in 
time, and left the prosecution of their own business to themselves, 
it might have a good Effect. See Sumter & Bakers Letters. But every 
impartial & unprejudiced Member of this House must see the inten- 
tion of the whole plan from first to Last, & I, as your fellow Citizen 
call for the Justice of your Honle. House against such oppressions 
Slanders & falsehoods.^^ 

"Order of Council Appointing CoTnmrs. on the Cherokee treaty 

ApL ijth. 7777 from Wm. Glascock Esquire one of the 

CoTmnissioners for the Cherokee Treaty.'''' 

In Council April 17th. 1777^^ 
Resolved That Jonathan Bryan, Jona[than] Cochran, John Were- 
at, John Walton, and Willm. Glascock Esqrs. or any three of them 
be the Commissioners appointed by this State, agreable to the desire 
of the State of South Carolina to attend the Indian Congress to be 
held at De Witts corner on the seventh of May next, or when and 
where the same may be so held. 

Resolved, That it be an instruction to the Commissioners appoint- 
ed to attend the Indian Congress that they join and concur in all 
matters that appear likely to insure a firm and lasting Peace with the 
Indians but that they have no power to agree upon any terms that 
may be proposed, (should there be any such) for fixing the Lines 

11. Reads "Lawless" in the Force copy. 

12. The following note is on the back of this paper: "[Memori]al, or 
Memo, presented to the House [of] Assembly, with the particulars of the 
intended Expedition to Augustine May Ist 1777." 

13. In unknown hand. 

63 



or ascertaining any matter whatever between this State and South 
Carolina, the same to be wholy reserved to the Legislature. 

A true Copy from the Minutes 
Signed Saml, Stirk Clk Council 
Copy 

Savannah April 17th. 1777 
Sir As a Congress is appointed to be held with the Cherokee In- 
dians on the Seventh day May next, at De Witts Corner in South 
Carolina, the Council have appointed you one of the Commissioners 
(among othe[r] Gentlemen) to attend the same. 

I have herewith inclosed a copy of the Resolves of Council re- 
specting the same. 

They have allowed each of the Gentlemen Fifty Pounds, in Con- 
tinental Currentcy to defray their expence to and from the same. 

By order of the Council 
Signed Saml. Stirk Clk Council 
Copy 
To William Glascock Esquire 
Augusta 

Samuel Elbert to Mcintosh 

North-End Amelia 25th May 1777.^^ 
Dear Sir After many delays we arrived at this place on the Night 
of the 1 8th, Instt. I immediately landed Lieutt. Ward of the 2d 
Regiment with a party of men with orders to march directly to the 
South End of the Island and in his way to Secure all the Inhabitants 
to prevent the Enemy geting information of our Approach, being 
well informed that they had a lookout for us; in this we were not 
altogether successful, as one man made his escape in a padling Canoe, 
which we were soon convinced of by hearing the Enemy fire their 
Alarm Guns about Eleven OQock the next morning; this party was 
fired on, the next day by a party of the Enemy, poor Ward killed 
on the Spot and two of his men badly wounded, our Brave fellows 
returned the fire and soon put the others to the rout, the Woods being 
very thick they could not come up with them; on the morning of 
the 19th. we were Joined by thirteen of Colo. Bakers men soon after 

14. In Elbert's hand. The copy that Elbert retained is in his Order Book, 
in a very mutilated condition, and was published in Collections of the Geor- 
gia Historcial Society (Savannah, 1902), V, pt. 2, 29-30. Mcintosh's copy Is 
not quite complete and the last word was supplied from the previously pub- 
lished copy. Another copy, identical with the above, is in the Force Georgia 
Transcripts Library of Congress. 

64 



by two more & two days after by three others who all agree in the 
Account of that Unfortunate Gentleman being Attacked on Satur- 
day the 17th. by a Superior number of Reg[u]lars who were Assist- 
ed by the Florida Scout & a number of Indians and obliged to take 
to flight for Safety. I have not been able to get any particular Account 
of this unlucky Affair, but as the men inform that Colo. Baker be- 
haved with the greatest Courage & Resolution I have no doubt but 
that he made a Safe Retreat with all the Men who were on Horse 
back, the last three men who came to us, say that they, with five 
others were made prisoners by some of the Florida Scout, some little 
time after time they were Joined by a party of Indians, that they 
for some time treated them well & gave them Victuals to Eat, that 
while on their march, the Indians fired on them unexpectedly, Killed 
the other five, and that they in the Hurry & Confusion, not being 
Tied, made their Escape, tho' closely pursued by McGirt and others; 
they say that A4cGirt told them, that they hourly Expected a large 
number of Indians to Join them, that they well knew of Colo. 
Baker's coming & the Number of Men he had with him, & that they 
likewise knew of our Coming by Water, and said they were well 
prepared to receive us. I believe all this to be true, as I have had 
the same information from others; tis a fact that they have a Battery 
on Hesters's Bluff with a 10 Gun Ship & Mowbery's Sloop to defend 
the passage of St. John's River, & our lookout on the South-End of 
this Island observed two Vessells Standing off and on, no dou[b]t 
in Expectation of our attempting to go with the Galleys by Sea, 
well knowing it to be impossible for us to pass the Narrows. We 
have been Six days attempting that pass, but it is Impossible to get 
the Smallest of the three Galleys through, without Cuting through 
a High Marsh upward of an Hundred Yards; even this we attempted, 
and worked a day at, but when we came to calculate, found it 
would be at least a months work; taking those matters into Considera- 
tion, and not having two days provisions of either Beef or Pork, in 
the fleet, we have come to a determination of returning and going 
up St. Marys, where I am determined to make a stand and do all in 
my Power to Prevent the Enemy entering the Province or geting 
Supplys, provided I can by any means get Beef for the Soldiers (Rice 
we have 3 months supply of) but should Necessity oblige us I will 
retreat as far as Saint Ilia, where tis probable we can get Beef and 
where you may depend I shall remain till I hear from you. If it 
should be necessary for us to penetrate as far as St. Johns by Land, 
pray let me be Strongly Reinforced, as the Enemy know where we 
are and it is too late to think of Surprizing them. I can muster above 

65 



300 Effective Men including those of the Light Horse who Joined 
us, the Gallys imploy all except 50 or 60 of the first Regiment. Horses 
& Pack Saddles wth. plenty of Osnabrigs for Bags we cant do with- 
out; send me 2 or three thousand Gun flints, being almost without 
and if to be had some Swan Shott. 

"Coppy Letter to Geo. Walton Esqr. 30th. August 7777 jrom 
John Wereat Esqr.^^ 

Savannah 30th. August 1777^"^ 
My Dear Sir I wrote you a few days ago in a great hurry for fear 
of loosing an opportunity that then offered, for Charles Town to 
be forwarded from thence by Mr. Dorsius by the first opportunity. 
I now begin to tremble for the fait that awaits this devoted Country, 
honesty, integrity, & a love of Justice being the declared, & avowed 
principles of any Man are crimes sufficient to secure him the hatefull 
name of Torey and to hold him up to the resentment of the people, 
as an Enemy to his Country. I think I told you sometime ago that I 
thought the Augmentation, of the representation under our present 
circumstances a great evil; every days experience convinces me that 
it [is] so, & it requires no great degree of presience to declare that 
Georgia cannot exist as a seperate state twelve months longer, with- 
out the immediate interposition of Congress. I told you in a former 
letter how the laws that this Country are ruled by, were framed & 
agreed upon, at a nightly meeting in a Tavern. This tho' dangerous in 
its consequences is but a part of the evil. We have now another Nock- 
tumal Society, established, who have arrogated to themselves the 
name of The Liberty Society. The business of this Cabal as far as I 
am capable of Judgeing seems to be principally intended to poison 
the minds of the people throughout the State, & to set them at enmity, 
with every Man who is not of their party. They or the leaders of 
them seem to be void of every sentiment of honour, & truth is a 
stranger to their proceedings, they bellow Liberty, but take every 
method in their power, to deprive the best part of the community 
of even the Shadow of it. Those wretches appear to me to have a 
manifest intention to destroy the reputation of their neighbors; in 
order to raise themselves fortunes, & political fame upon the ruins 
of the real Friends of their Country, and the American Cause. One 
of their proceedings as far as I have been able to inform my self, has 
that tendency, which you may be informed, of in some degree, by 

15. In Wereat's hand. A copy of this letter and other papers pertaining 
to the Liberty Club are in the Force Georgia Transcripts, Library of Con- 
gress. 

66 



perusing the inclosed Copy of a Circular Letter, which seems calcu- 
lated for the diabolical purpose of destroying General McKintosh 
to accomplish which the vilest falshoods are imposed upon, the 
people to induce them to give their sanction to these deeds of dark- 
ness. The reason set forth in this Letter I know to be as diametrically 
opposite to truth, as Light to darkness so far from being an Enemy 
to civil Government, he is and always was since I knew him, as 
great a Stickler for it as any Man, in the State. You may remember 
an instance of it at his appointment, to the Command of the first 
Batta[lio]n. 

The Petition aluded too the General has never been able to obtain 
a sight of, neither could I, though I have endeavoured frequently 
to se[e] it; so that it may truly be said to be Stolen Petition. No per- 
son who refused to sign it, is ever trusted with any of the Secrets 
of the Club afterwards, let them assign reasons ever so good for their 
refusing. The reasons for desireing the General to be removed, besides 
that set forth in the Circular Letter are said to be; first his Connec- 
tions; that his Brother William McKintosh who was formerly Colonel 
of the horse, was obliged to resign his Commission the people were 
so Clamerous against him. 

idly. That his Brother Geo. McKintosh; that Known Traitor was 
screened by the General, from being brought to Justice untill he 
could make his escape. 

3dly. That a relation of his (Alexr. Baillie) was detected in carry- 
ing Intelligence to St. Augustine to the Enemy, giving them notice 
of an expedition then in agitation, & afterwards carryed on without 
Success. 

4thly. That a Nephew of the General's (one McKintosh) in the 
Indian Nation, was an avowed and open Enemy, to the American 
Cause, and is stirring up the Indians against the f renter [frontier] 
parts of this State. The foregoing are part of the many accusations 
contained in the St. Johns Petition, as far as a Gentleman who heard 
it read, can charge his memory, & which I am told is now on its 
way to Congress. 

With respect to what is said in the first Instance of William McKin- 
tosh; I wrote you my opinion with freedom, & candor sometime 
ago. he was twice examined before the house, & both times honor- 
ably acquitted, once he received their thanks, and I believe it will 
be acknowledged by those who are not prejudiced, or worse, that 
no officer in that Regiment, has ever done the duty, & gone through 
the fatigue that he did. As to the Treason of George McKintosh, I 
presume you are pretty well informed on that Score by this time; 
it may be here added however that there are two Gentlemen lately ar- 

67 



rived here from London, by the way of Augustine, & Providence; Mr. 
Peronneau & Mr. Bellenger, who informed, that they conversed with 
Panton in Augustine, who declared that George McKintosh was 
perfectly Innocent of the Vessels going to Florida, & that if he was 
allowed to come in safety to this State, he would clear up the mat- 
ter beyond the possibility of a doubt. 

The next Charge, if it can be called so, is diametrically opposite 
to the truth, for Mr. Alexdr. Baillie is no more related to the General, 
than he is to me, or if he was is that a sufficient ground, for an 
accusation. 

The following Article is likewise equally false and rediculous for 
the young Man, that is in the Indian Nation, and whom they woud 
make out to be the Generals Nephew, is no way related to him, so 
that this Article of the Charge must fall with the rest. Doctor Hall, 
& Benjamin Andrew, keep the ferment up in the parish of St. Johns, 
either of whom, I fear wou'd sacrifice the publick weal to their pri- 
vate Interest, you may form some opinion of the doctor by his letter, 
to me on Gwinnetts affair, with the Secret Committee, & to whom I 
forwarded it by Mr. Donaldson. The other has been actually con- 
cerned, in importing British Goods, in which he was caught, & the 
Goods condemned, of which I wrote you some days ago, & some other 
things of a verry bad complexion, but as the publick are not concerned, 
I forbear to mention them 'till I see you. Colonel Baker too, I heard 
drew up his whole Regiment, & made them sign this Infamous peti- 
tion, a down right Act of Mutiny, & I should think ought to be 
punished as such. The Demegogue for this Town, & County, is that 
infamous wretch old Joseph Wood, a delegate elect for the Continen- 
tal Congress, a fellow Notoriously infamous, & who never stood charged 
with one honest Action in his life. The Governor I hear keeps it up 
in St. Matthews Parish, where he demeaned himself so much, as 
to go to an Election the other day for a vacancy, & would not suffer 
a Man to vote 'till he first signed a petition against the General. Who 
leads the faction in St. George's Parish, I know not, but I believe 
Colonel Wells keeps it up in St. Pauls Parish, & the Ceded Lands, 
perhaps with some assistance, it appears evident to me that General 
McKintosh is too honest for this sett of rulers. That they will stick 
at nothing however infamous, & wicked to ruin him and a few 
others that stand in their way & will oppose their iniquitous pro- 
ceedings. Having now entered pretty fully into this matter, I shall 
point out to you some articles of our Constitution, that are broken, 
& by whom besides those mentioned, in the addition to Geo. McKin- 
tosh's Case inclosed you in my last. 

The fourth Article relates to the Election of Members to represent 

68 



the State in the Assembly, & is broke in the following instances vizt: 
"The Port & Town of Savannah shall be allowed four Members to 
represent their Trade, & the Port and Town of Sunbury, shall be 
allowed two Members to represent their Trade," from whence one 
would naturally Conclude, that there ought to be four Seperate & 
distinct Elections, one for each Sea Port Town, & one for each 
County at large. Yet neither Savannah, or Sunbury, have a Single 
Member in the House, in the former instance the whole fourteen 
Members, were indiscriminately Chosen, for the County at large, & 
at Sunbury they held a saperate Election for the Town agreeable 
to the Constitution, & chose two Members, the County at large chose 
Sixteen, who were all received, & the two chosen by the Town re- 
jected by the House. The Sixth Article says "The representatives 
shall be chosen out of the residents, in each County who shall have 
resided at least twelve Months in this State, and three Months in 
the County where they shall be Elected." The Instances wherin this 
Article is violated are as follows. Jos. Wood an Inhabitant of this 
Town was returned a Member for the County of Effiingham, where 
he never resided, took & retained his seat in the house as such. George 
Wells & [an] Inhabitant, & practitioner in phisick in the Town of 
Augusta, was returned, & kept his seat for Wilke's County, in direct 
Violation of this Article. 

A Mr. Jones, who came into this State about 3 Months before the 
Election, was likewise returned a Member for Burke County; and 
after the meeting of the House was appointed a Counsellor. This 
Article says farther "& they shall be of the Protestant Religion, and 
shall be possessed in their own right, of two hundred & fifty Acres 
Land, or some property to the Value of two hundred & fifty Pounds." 

This part of the Article is also broken in two Instances, the first 
(as I am Informed) by a Member for the County of Chatham, who 
is a Roman Catholic; the other is Wood who, if any body suspects 
of being worth two hundred and fifty Pounds in his own right, 
let them Examine the Records of the Court, and then Judge. 

The seventh Article says, that the House is to direct writs of 
Election "for supplying intermediate Vacancies." A Writt was 
issued by the House, at there last sitting for Electing two Members, 
which writ was interlined, & five came down & were accepted 
by the House. 

The Seventeenth Article declares that "no person bearing any post 
of profit of this State, or any person bearing any Military Commis- 
sion, under this or any other State, or States, except Officers of the 
Militia shall be Elected a representative." I shall point out two In- 
stances, in which this Article is violated, the first is by a person hold- 

69 



ing a place of profit under this State, a Sallery annexed, not only- 
being elected, but has taken, & kept his Seat, as a representative for 
the County of Chatham, & is the same Man above mentioned, who 
is not of the Protestant Religion, & consequently disqualified, under 
both Articles. The other is old Wood the Pay Master of the ist Bat- 
talion, who it cannot be doubted, is so to all intents, & purposes, 
agreeable to the spirit, & meaning of the Constitution, & has ever 
acted in that Character, since such an Officer was appointed, not- 
withstanding his Son is Nominally Pay Master: for in the first place 
he is a Boy of about Sixteen, or Seventeen, years of Age, & is now 
at Philadelphia, or some place to the Northward, & never Acted in 
that office, & agreeable to the principles of Law, & reason cannot; 
for as he is a Minor, he cannot be bound, & it naturally follows, that 
he cannot hold a place of trust, though he might a Military Commis- 
sion; from the above premises it is plain to every honest unprejudiced 
person that Joseph & not John Wood is pay Master of the first Bat- 
taUon, & consequently disqualified, as a representative of the people, 
under three different Articles of that Constitution, which he would 
fain have Mankind believe he was capitally, concerned in framing, 
by publishing his name at the head of it, by way of Introduction. In 
order to put this matter, still farther past a possibility of a doubt, & 
to prove that he looks upon himself to be the Pay Master, & not his 
Son, I assert from undoubted Authority, that he offered that Office 
for Sale for a Valuable Consideration: it may be his reasons for it 
were that he might have no incumbrance upon his Hands, when he 
sets out for Philadelphia to represent the State. The House of As- 
sembly by their choice of him acknowledges his fitness, from the 
office of Pay Master, or of any other office, where Money is in the 
Case, undubitable testimony can be produced; Witness the fraud 
attempted against the Spaniard with regard to his Cargo of Sugar, 
& his Embezzling the Charitable donations of the free Mason Society 
for the reUef of Widows, & orphans; with many others that might 
be mentioned, but these are matters of Record & cannot be contro- 
verted. The i8th. Article says "no person shall hold more than one 
Office of profit under this State at one & the same time." Are not 
Secratary for the State, & Register of Probates two Offices? yet 
they are held by the same person, but this is of little consequence, if 
compared with other Matters. 

How far the Governor, & Council have maintained inviolate the 19th 
Article of the Constitution let the honest unprejudiced part of Man- 
kind declare. 

But what shall be said when we come to take a view of the Oaths, 
by which the Assembly, Governor & Council, are solemnly bound? 



70 



as you have them in the Constitution I sent you 'tis unnecessary to 
transcribe them here. Whether the Assembly have Executed the trust 
reposed in them for the benefit of the State, & the support of the 
Constitution thereof or not, I leave you to Judge after the facts above 
mentioned. If they would come off by pleading that they did so, to 
the best of their Knowledge, it may be presumed, that there Knowl- 
edge is inadequate to the purpose for which they were chosen. Ad- 
mitting the forementioned four Members to be unduly Elected & 
to retain their seats, contrary to the Constitution & that they all voted 
for the Governor as it is acknowledged they did as well as himself, 
& as upon closing the Poll it appeared, that he had but a Majority 
of one Vote, with what face he could swear, that he had not ac- 
cepted the Government contrary to the Articles of the Constitution, 
I cannot conceive; he certainly cannot be so stupedly Ignorant as 
not to know these things. How well he has protected the people in 
the secure enjoyment of all their rights, franchises, & priviledges, 
the proceedings against Geo, McKintosh (whom he declared he be- 
lieved to be Innocent) will abundantly evince. 

The President of the Council, the Constitution says shall take the 
same Oath, as is prescribed for the Governor, but with all due def- 
ference to the Constitution Makers they have given us two Kings 
of Brentford, in the persons of Truitlen, & Andrew, the latter has 
also been guilty of breaking the Constitution, he has sworn to sup- 
port; but the Man frequently says, he is "an Ignorant Country Man," 
this you must readily Grant, & believe him to be as Ignorant as he 
pretended to be; when he can mistake his order, for punishing a 
Man before he is convicted, to Mistake the Congress in Philadelphia, 
for a Jury of the Vicinage in Georgia, both which he has certainly 
done, & you will readily believe it was through Ignorance, as you 
know that he is a Christian Saint, & does unto all Men, as he would, 
they should do unto him. 

From what I have above sett forth, & the addition to Geo, McKin- 
tosh's Case, before sent you, with a good deal that might be added, 
you will readily conceive the Situation of this State; neither is there 
any prospect of a change for the better. Some people from the 
Southward I am told from being oppressed, & plundered of their 
little means of subsistance, are gone to Augustine, many more talk 
seriously of removing to Carolina; & it's probable that by the Con- 
duct of those who misrule the State, we shall in a short time be 
Joined to Carolina or Florida, God avert the latter the former would 
be infinitely preferable to our present Situation, when neither Lib- 
erty, or property are secure. 

In order to shew you still farther, what chance a Man has for to 



71 



obtain Justice, after the Club has taken an active part against him, 
I shall relate one circumstance more to you, for which purpose I 
kept his Letter open. When I found their was no obtaining Justice 
for Air. McKintosh from the Council, & that they had obstructed 
the prejudiciary department of Government, I resolved to try the 
House of Assembly, & accordingly drew up a Spirited Remonstrance 
complaining of the Conduct of the Governor, & Council, praying for 
a hearing, & Justice, the hearing indeed was granted, but Justice is 
still denied and possession is still kept of Mr. McKintosh's Estate. 

I have been since told, by some of the Members that if a nother 
aplication was made to the House an order would Issue for the 
restitution of the property, but this I would not do, as they thought 
proper to refuse Justice, upon the former application. 

A principle reason for declining, another aplication to the House 
was the approaching Sessions in October, and upon drawing the 
Grand Jury, I found a more respectable one, than I have seen for 
many years, I therefore resolved, to lay the Matter fully before 
them, & try if they will take the Matter up, which is a measure that 
I think must Succeed. 

The Governor, & Council, all threatened to resign it, if the House 
did not approve of their conduct in this business, but in this they 
did not succeed for the House would not give a Sanction to so 
much infimous Villainey, tho' they refused to do Justice themselves. 
Doctor Hall endeavoured as much as lay in his power to enrage the 
House, & to get the authors of the addition of the Case of Geo. 
McKintosh Esqr. taken up & punished, but unfortunately for his 
purpose, there was too much truth in it to be controverted & he fail'd 
of his plan, I never observed so much rancor in the Conduct of any 
man, as appeared visible in the Doctor upon this Occasion. 

Your Cousin Geo. Walton was buried yesterday, he was taken 
off verry suddenly after two or three days illness, he died at Colonel 
Harris's Plantation having gone out so far to accompany some Officers, 
who were going upon a Command to the So.Ward, when being a 
good deal heated he drank a large quantity of cool Water, & washed 
himself before he had time to cool. Your Brother has been verry ill 
and was not able to attend the House, but I have not heard how he 
is since, the first account of his Illness which may be about a month 
ago. I heard he went to some medicinal Springs in Carolina for his 
health, which I sincerely wish may be serviceable to him. I am verry 
sincerely 

Dr. Sir 

Your Most Obt. Servt. 

John Wereat 



72 



I forgot to tell you that an action is instituted agains[t] Lang- 
worthy for Perjury, which I have great reason to believe will be 
proved; this County will be hopefully represented in Congress by 
this Genious and old Wood; the latter has as great pretensions to the 
Character of a finished v~l~n as any Man on the Continent. I in- 
close you Copys of Mr. Peronneau's & Mr. Bellingers affidavits. 

Circular 

Gentlemen The safety of this State and the Good of the American 
cause, in General is the sole Motive, of this application at such a time 
as this when every thing that can be dear upon earth to freemen is at 
Stake, it must be the duty of every virtuous Member of Society to 
warn his bretheren & neighbours, of impending danger, that they 
may escape or at least provide against the Evils that they are threat- 
ened with, the Many incroachments upon Constitutional Liberty & 
civil Government, by the Corrupt & venal Ministry of Great Britain 
made it absolutely necessary for the Inhabitants of North America, 
to disolve their Political Connections with her, & to errect such 
modes of Government as might be most suitable to the genius of each 
respective State, & every thinking Man, must be convinced that to 
errect a Constitution calculated to promote the Liberty of the people 
& the happiness of Mankind on the ruins of the former must be an 
arduous task a work that demands the greatest abilities, but as the 
Civil Authority in every new Government must be lax, & require 
the support & Countenance of every lover of Order, & Society, so any 
attempt to subvert & oppose it must be of the most dangerous con- 
sequences & tend to the Introduction of Anarchy & every evil Work. 
If any Man therefore however high in office or exalted in Station, 
shall attempt to weaken or oppose the civil power, he must be con- 
sidered by his Country as a dangerous person, whose going at large 
may be highly prejudicial to the publick Welfare, such a person 
common prudence will dictate should be removed from amongst us 
to prevent the Mischiefs that might otherwise be apprehended. In- 
fluenced by these Considerations a number of fre[e]men Inhabitants 
of the County of Chatham reviewing the Conduct of Brigadr. Gen- 
eral McKintosh & observing in several Instances his aversion to the 
civil power of this State have been induced to draw up & sign the 
inclosed Memorial Addressed to the Honobl. the Continental Con- 
gress setting forth the Reasons they would alledge for the removal 
of the said General McKintosh, & praying that the same may be done 
as soon as possible, they being persuaded it is a measure which would 
quiet the minds of the greatest part of the Inhabitants of this State 
& be the means of establishing peace, harmony & unanimity amongst us. 



If on perusal the Memorial should meet with your approbation, 
we request it may be read to the Inhabitants in your County, & that 
as many as Coincide with us in sentiment, may sign the same which be- 
ing done you will immediately send it back to his Honor the Governor 
& Council. We must conclude with assuring you Gentlemen that we 
are not led to this measure through any prejudice or partiality, but 
from a conviction of its rectitude, & Justice having no other view 
but the publick safety & protection. 

(Signed) Wm. Belcher, Pre[siden]t of the 
Copy Liberty Society 

The above copy of a circular Letter, sent to every County in the 

State appears to me to have been * originally written by L y 

one of the Members of the Nocturnal Club, and is fraught with plausi- 
bility. Lies and misrepresentations, for the worst of purposes. 

If the Man they want to hunt down errs, 'tis the Reverse of what 
is alledged in the Letter. But the true reason for their wanting him 
removed, appears to me to be because he is a Man utterly unfit for 
their purpose, & if they could get him Removed, and one of their 
own Stamp to succeed him, they would be able to accomplish the 
ruin of the Country with greater ease. You may also observe * that 
thee Governor & Council are of the party, the former descends 
from the dignity of his station to associate alternately with the Noc- 
turnal Club, & at Wades Tavern, with the Western Members, & 
when he is in Town gets his daily Bread out of his (Wades) Kitchen, 
where he lives the greatest part of his time with a Mrs. Unseld a Baker 

J. W. 

"Proceedings Court Martial 12. to 14th. May ijjS. 
Colo. Clark'' 

Camp [illegible] i 
At a Brigade Court Martial held by order of Brigadier General 
Mcintosh "for the trial of all such prisoners as may be bro't before 
them." 

Col. Thomas Clark, president 



Capts. Philip Taylor 

Joshua Bowman 
Andrew Vannoy 
Robert Fenner 

Lieuts. Robert Verner 
Lewis Cannon 



Lieuts. Robert Nicholson 

Patrick McGibbonv 
Charles O'Neal 
Daniel Schaw 
Charles Gerrell 
Stephen Southall 



Members 



*The portion between the asterisks is in Mcintosh's hand. 
16. In unknown hand. 

74 



Adam Boyd Judge Advocate 

The court having met according to adjournment, the following 
prisoners were bro't before them, vizt. 

Serjeant Joseph West charged "with letting the prisoners go at 
large and being drunk on guard." The prisoner confessed the first 
part of the charge but denied the last, and said he was very unwell, 
had taken physic the day before, which had weakened him much, that 
he lay down to sleep, giving the centinel orders not to let the pris- 
oners go out, that from his being suddenly wakened, he supposes 
Capt. Williams imagined he was drunk, but he had not drank above 
half a gill of liquor that day. 

Capt. Benjamin Williams deposed upon oath, that on passing the 
guard house, he saw one or more of the prisoners & others playing 
ball at a distance from the centinel, that he then went into the guard 
house to inquire for the serjeant of the guard, that after some inquiry 
he found him (vizt. Joseph West) asleep, that he waked him up, & 
by his actions he was convinced he was drunk, for he could not walk 
across the floor without staggering. 

The court found the prisoner guilty of the charge, but in considera- 
tion of his having been for sometime much indisposed, they adjudge 
that Serjeant Joseph West should only be reduced to the ranks. 

For want of proper evidence the court could not proceed to try 
William Samples for desertion, therefore they adjourned till lo o'clock 
next Monday morning, when the evidences are expected in camp. 

T. Clark Col. & Pres. 
Attest 

Adam Boyd J. A. 

[Endorsed:] The Honorable Brigadier General Mcintosh. 

"Draught of a Letter to be Sent by my Son Lackie to Govt. 
Houstoun of Georgia Augt. ijjS  from pitsburgj" 

Dr. Sir My Disposition I must confess is a Little Singular; if Love 
& attachment to a Particular Spot of Ground is public Virtue, I 
believe I may claim it equal to any person Living; if it is a Vice no 
one upon Earth is more Criminal than myself. I dont know well how 
to reconcile it, I always find myself Naturally a Lover of equality 
amongst Mankind. I am certain at the Same time that equalits^ is in- 
compatible with a large Extensive Government of any Sort. Yet I 
feel myself Fired when any other State assumes or claims any Su- 
periority, or aims to take the Lead, or any advantage of our little 
Georgia. 

75 



Latitude of 35 Deg. No. & I am certain must come within^'^ our Lim- 
its or a due west Course was run according to the Charter from the 
Source or fountain head of Savannah or Keeowie River to the Mis- 
sissippi. Gaillard himself in his Map of So. CaroHna from actual Sur- 
vey places the 34th. Degree a little above the Mouth of Broad 
River or Fort Charlotte, & if that is right, the head of Tugalo or 
I dont know but the forks will go beyond the 35th. whereas the 
markers are in the Lat. of Savannah or farther South, but that will 
be best Judged by you Sir & the Honl. Council & Legislature of the 
State. I flatter myself what I have done as it would admit of no delay 
will be approved & Confirm [e]d if found to be right, or if found 
otherwise that it will be imputed to my Zeal for the Interest & Dig- 
nity of the State. I promised Young Gaillard if he returned the Sur- 
veys properly to you his appointment would be confirmed, & meet 
with any Encouragement he could reasonably expect from the State. 

I must Confess Notwithstanding that I am not an advocate or friend 
to Large & Extensive Governments of any kind as I am convinced 
they are Incompatible with that equality which is so Necessary for 
the happiness & freedom of the Individual of every Society, but when 
we find the declared Principle of a Neighbouring State or Society of 
People to be Ambition Grandeur & Extent of Dominion I presume it 
beho[o]ves every prudent People to be watchfuU & upon their Guard 
against their Encroachments. I have heard it said they got great ad- 
vantages of No. Carolina by management in runing their boundary 
line, and we may expect their Success in that will prompt them to 
make the like Tryals upon Georgia on the other side & we know 
their declared Principles to be Ambition, Grandeur as a People & 
Extent of Dominion. I mean not to depreciate the Character of any 
of the Gentlemen of that State, I know to be, & they have proved 
themselves in our pres[en]t glorious Revolution Generous Spirited 
& Noble but their pride as a people may in time prove Dangerous to 
their Neighbours. If I was impowered to do it I think I could get 
People enough from this to Settle & keep possession of that Country 
for Georgia against all opposition as there are so few people in the 
State to do it, & it would be the most effectual State of [if?] Settl  
[Settling, Settled?]. 



17. The word "below" is written above the word "within" in the manu 
script. 

76 



^'Letter intended to be Sent from Pitsburg by my Son Lackie to 
Govt. Houston of Georgia" 

Fort Pitt [August 1778]" 
Dear Sir, I have wrote to you Officially by my Son whom I send 
Express this in a matter I think [?] Express, but in a private Manner 
can tell you my Mind with more freedom. If Treutland, or [blank] 
or [blank] &ca. presided in my Country, I could not help discharg- 
ing my Duty to it, for if Love of a particular Spot of Ground is 
public Virtue I think I may claim it equal to any person that ever 
Lived; if it is a Vice, no one upon Earth is more Criminal than myself. 
I heartily rejoice that Georgia has lately changed its plan of Men 
& Measures the weakness, or shall I say the Contemptibleness of our 
Councils at home & In Congress has encouraged our Ambitious Neigh- 
bours in their daring Encroachments upon us, but hope now they 
will find their Error. I know our State is weak, and has not Men 
enough even for the East Side of it, much less to Spare any for the 
West, which doubtless So. Carolina means to take the advantage of, 
but I think if I was authorised to appoint Surveyors, & be enabled 
to assure the People on this Side of the Mountains that they should 
have Grants from Georgia for any Lands they Settled and Improved 
in certain Portions^^ on the Missisipi we should so [on] be strong 
enough in that quarter to Support our just Rights & perhaps we 
might in a Short time see Members from it in our Assembly. 

Mcintosh to General Lincoln. 

Augusta in Georgia the loth. August 1779.*** 
Dear General, I wrote fully to you by Capt. Cooper of the Lt. 
Horse the 6th. Insta. which I hope you have reed. Since that (Sunday 
Night) Colo. Parker & A4ajor Jamison arrived with their Men, & 
are Encampt yet opposite to us upon the Carolina Side of the River. 
I dare not Venture them over here untill I get a Little Amunition, I 
am promised the Lend of. I was informed yesterday that Holmes 
with 250 Indians were at Bryan's Cowpen waiting for Colo. Maitland 
& his Lt. Infantry & McGirt's Horse to go up the River Hogeechie. 

This Evening I had a Letter from Lieut. Glascock per Express in- 
forming me that McGirt with 100. Horse were seen in Burk County, 
& was soon to be Joined with two or three hundred Foot Men, that 

18. Apparently another draft of the foregoing letter. 

19. The word "quantitys" is written over the word "Portions" in the 
manuscript. 

20. This letter is not one of the original collection of Mcintosh Papers. 
It was given to the Society in April, 1950. 

77 



Twiggs with his Men & the few Light Horse I had Stationed at 
Spirit Creek went yesterday to try if they could get any advantage 
of them, or be informed of their Intention, & expect to hear from 
him to Morrow. 

9 o'Qock at Night. 

I am Just informed by Express from Mr. Galphin that a Man was 
killed about twelve Miles below his House at 12 o'Clock this Day, 
which he Supposes to be by Some of McGirts Men. I must request 
you again Sir to hurry the ammunition and other Stores I mentioned 
in my Last up here with all possible Expedition, and I think a Stout 
Guard will be Necessary to escort them as roberys are frequent upon 
the Road as far North as Edisto River, in which I am told the in- 
habitants are Concerned; the Virginia Troops came away without 
a Single Tent which makes me uneasy for their Healths this rainy 
Season in a Climate they are not accustomed to. I wish I had some 
Liquor for them to keep their Spirits up, & a Sufficient Number 
of them with other Essentials to Act Offensively. I have the Honor 
to be very respectfully Sir 

Your most obt. Hble Servt. 
Lachn. Mcintosh. 
Honle. Major Genl. Lincoln 

I am informed the Enemy have Established a Post at Hutsons upon 
this River, & another up Hogeechie River. 

Letter jrom Wm. Glasscock Speaker of the Assembly of Georgia 
Dated Augusta ^oth. Now. mj^ (Copy) For Genl. Mclntosh^^ 

Sir Pursuant to the command of the General assembly, I am directed 
to represent the situation of this state to Congress; and to request 
their attention to its preservation, as an object of high importance 
in its natural and relative capacity. 

Congress no doubt is properly informed long since how unfortu- 
nately the capital of this state and the major part of the brave troops 
which formed the Confederal Brigade were sacrificed and by a small 
part of the British troops detached under the command of Sir James 
Baird after the royal army had landed on the twenty ninth day of 
December last; and whose loss would have been still greater, but 
for the gallant opposition by the militia who stopped for some time 

21. In an unknown hand. The above title is on the back, but not in Mc- 
intosh's hand. The original of this letter is in "Papers of the Continental 
Congress," No. 73, folios 250-54, in the National Archives. The Mcintosh 
papers include another copy of the part of Glascocks' letter which relates 
to Mcintosh. 

78 



the rapidity of the detour, and which saved those who escaped by 
the unexpected order for retreating in the face of the enemy. The 
many calamities which befel the inhabitants in consequence of that 
inglorious day disconcerted their councils and occasioned a chasm 
in the representation to Congress; however they faithfully adhered 
to the object of the common cause. And notwithstanding various and 
accumulated distresses under which they labored have displayed a 
spirit of Bravery and republicanism which have startled even their 
enemies. Yes Sir I am authorized to assert that every attempt to re- 
duce and seduce which force or gold could enable, have been used 
by the enemy to draw this state into British subjection and uniformly 
opposed and reprobated by this faithful and honest people. 

The Conquest of this State is of great consequence to British views. 
Its Southern situation & immediate access with the disaffected who 
are numerous in the back parts of the two Carolinas would afford 
them an opportunity of recruiting a formidable army and making 
dangerous diversions eastwardly. And the breach between them and 
Spain calls for new and extensive plans of operation Southwestardly. 
The nations on our frontiers are the mark, and we have perfect in- 
formation that their friends among the Indians have declared it im- 
possible to set the Indian tribes effectually in motion unless a reduc- 
tion of this state should take place. 

It is unnecessary to observe how much it is the interest as well as 
the duty of the states, to slacken the enemys endeavours to annoy 
the Spanish settlements, or retard our friends from pressing on the 
Floridas; but when the circumstance which may eventually give them 
such an opportunity is combined with others which may affect the 
safety of the states in general abstracted from the consideration of 
this m particular, of itself deserving much, it then becomes a maxim 
in politics not to be departed from; but to be supported with every 
degree of stability and confidence. The preservation of this state 
will destroy the enemys designs and form a barrier by land for the 
other states in the Union which are contiguous and contribute in 
frustrating the good effects which the enemy may expect by any 
movements from New York against our sister states. 

As this state is now forming a chain of forts on the Southwestern 
frontiers and has occasion for a large sum both for compleating that 
purpose and others of great public utility to the Confederal States, 
I am commanded to request that Congress will with all possible dis- 
patch transmit one million of Dollars for the use of this state which 
when arrived will be accountable for. 

It is to be wished that we could advise Congress that the return 
of Brigr. Genl Mcintosh gave satisfaction to either the militia or 



79 



Confederals; but the common dissatisfaction is such and that grounded 
on weighty reasons it is highly necessary that Congress would whilst 
that officer is in the service of the United States direct some distant 
field for the exercise of his abilities. 

We have no doubt Congress will view our critical situation in a 
line of proper attention and true policy. Our merits are certainly 
known in the Confederate Alliance. We were scarcely emerging from 
infancy when we risqued our lives and rich territory in the great 
struggle. Agreeable to our past engagements we combated internal 
(an Herculean task we have almost cleansed the stable) and external 
foes; and notwithstanding the invasions from Halifax New York 
the Floridas and the Indians which drew on us innumerable hard- 
shipswe still preserve free government and a determination of losing 
the idea only in a general wreck of the states. 
By order of the House 
Wm Glascock speaker. 

Augusta Novr. 30th 1780 [1779] 

[The following note in Mcintosh's hand is on the back of the above 
letter. The note having been written some time later is out of 
chronology here.] 

Capt. Clemt. Nash was Sent Express to Congress with the fore- 
going Letter and other Complaints against Brigadier General Mc- 
intosh by Messrs. Howley & Walton at the public Expence which 
was very Considerable, while the brave citizens were upon hard Ser- 
vice, & without the common Necessarys for themselves and Familys. 
Such is the abuse of Public Money for private Views! Nor were the 
People informed of these Complaints to Congress, tho their names 
were Prostituted and Exposed in making them untill the Express Cap- 
tain Nash returned. And upon the 12th. May 1780, Wm. Glascock 
Esqr. Speaker of the Assembly wrote a Letter to the President of Con- 
gress Justifying himself & the Representatives of the People from having 
any knowledge or hand in the Complaints made against General Mc- 
intosh, and that the whole was a forgery & false with respect to them, 
this last Letter from Mr. Glascock when presented to Congress pro- 
duced the following Artful and Evasive Memorials from Messrs. 
Walton & Howley to prop up their falling Characters for a while 
Vizt. 

Mr. G. Waltons Memorial.^^ 



22. A copy of Glascock's letter is below under date of May 12, 1780. For 
the memorials of Walton and Howley, see "Papers of the Continental Con- 
gress," No. 73, folios 270-72, 279-80, in the National Archives. 

80 



''''Resolves of the Georgia Council Sunday 12th. Deer. ijSo 
[fj'jp] the day Gen. Mcintosh left Augusta." 
Georgia In Council Augusta Deer. 12th. 1779.*^ 

Present 
His Honor the Governor 
Richd. Howley John Hardy 

Robt. Middleton Stephn. Heard 

John Bilbas [Bilbo] John Twiggs 
Whereas the Honble the House of Assembly of this State on the 
Twenty Eighth day of November last made & passed the following 
Resolutions. 

In Assembly Augusta Novr. 28th. 1779. 
Whereas a variety of Circumstances render it necessary that a Re- 
duction in the Continental Line should be made, & that in the room 
of four Battalions of Infantry & one Regiment of Lt. Dragoons which 
heretofore subsisted in this State, only one Battalion of Infantry and 
one Regiment of Horse should henceforth be the Establishment of 
the Same. RESOLVED, That the Said Reduction do accordingly take 
place, and that only one Battalion of Infantry & one Regiment of 
Cavalry be in future in the Continental or Confederal Establishment 
within this State, and properly belonging to, and known by the Same. 
AND WHEREAS an humble address hath been made to the House 
Signed by a Respectable Number of Officers respecting the Mode of 
Officering the Said Regiments, out of the Number of the Officers which 
belonged to the Brigade in this State heretofore and have not Resigned 
their Commissions, Praying that the Same may be by Ballot among 
themselves; and the House being willing to shew every attention to 
the Merits of their former Service. RESOLVED, That his honor the 
Governor & Executive Council be requested to confer with (or 
write to) Brigadier General Elbert on the Subject, desiring that 
whatever Mode of Officering the Said two Regiments from the Line 
may be thought most Just by a Respectable Majority of the Officers 
of the Brigade, shall be carryed into Execution with all Convenient 
Expedition, And that his honor the Governor and Executive Council 
be recommended to make out Commissions accordingly on a proper 
Certificate of the Commissions which each Officer shall be entitled 
to, under the Mode of Election which they shall adopt. 
Extract from the Minutes of the House 
Geo. Seegar C.G.A. 



23. Entire copy is in Mcintosh's hand. These resolutions have been pub- 
lished in A. D. Candler, ed., The Revolutionary Records of the State of Geor- 
gia (Atlanta, 1908), II, 185-89. A copy is in the Force Georgia Transcripts. 
in the Library of Congress. 

81 



AND whereas the said Resolutions being Laid before the Board 
on the third day of December Instant, the Same were transmitted 
to Brigadier General Elbert, and his Answer, and the Recommenda- 
tion of a Number of the Officers were received on the Tenth Instant 
& which are as follows. 

His Honor George Walton Esqr, Governor & Commander in Chief 
in the State of Georgia. 
Sir, 

I am sorry on account of this bad weather that my Indisposition 
will not permit me to meet the Council to day as you desired. 

Inclosed is a Copy of the Paper Signed by Such Officers of the 
Brigade as were in Augusta at the last Meeting. As there was not a 
dissenting Voice present, and as I can undertake to answer that 
Several who are at this time absent, will agree to the Same Mode, 
am of opinion that Officering the one Battalion of Infantry and one 
Regiment of Cavalry from the Line according to Seniority of Com- 
missions, will be Conformable to the Sentiments of a Respectable 
Majority of the Officers of the Georgia Brigade. 

I have the Honor to be with respect. Sir 

Your most obt. Servt. 

S. Elbert, Br. Genl. Militia in Georgia 

We the Subscribers Officers in the Brigade of Continental Troops 
for the State of Georgia, having duly considered on the most equitable 
Mode of Officering the one Battalion of Infantry and one Regiment 
of Cavalry, intended to be kept on the Establishment in the said State, 
do recommend that the Officers to the above two Regiments be taken 
according to Seniority from the Line in the State of Georgia and do 
here presume to express a wish that the Gentlemen whose Misfortune 
it is from being Junior in Commisssion to Retire from Serving their 
Country may be put upon half Pay and called into Service as vacancys 
may happen. Augusta Deer, the 6th. 1779. 



S. Elbert, Colo. 2d. Battn. 
Jos. Pannill Lt. Colo. 
Clemt. Nash, Capt. 3d G.B. 
John Cunninham Capt. 2d. G.B. 
Littleberry Moseley, Capt. 2d. G.B. 
Thos. Glascock Lt. ist. G.B. 
Frs. Tennill Lt. 2. G.B. 
Pat. Fitzpatrick Lt. 4. G.B. 
John Meanly Lt. 3d. G.B. 
John Morrison Lt. 2d. G.B. 



Cornelius Collins Lt. 2. G.B. 
John Frazier Lt. 3d. G.B. 
Nathl. Pearre Lt. 3. G.B. 
Thos. Payne Lt. 2. G.B. 
Henry Allison Lt. 2. G.B. 
Fredk. Shick Lt. 2. G.B. 
Christo. Hilliry Lt. 4. G.B. 
Wm. Mcdonald Lt. G. Lt. D. 
Robt. Howe, Lt. 2. G.B. 
Lachn. Mcintosh Capt. i. G.B. 



82 



Geo. Hendley Capt. 2. G.B.24 
Jno. Lucas Capt. 4th. G.B. 

A true Copy taken from the original in my possession. 

S. Elbert. 

The Board thereupon pursuing the directions of the Said Resolution, 
and taking into consideration the Letter of Brigadier General Elbert, 
and the Recommendation of the Officers do order and direct, that 
an exact Return of all the Officers belonging to the Late Brigade 
of this State specifying the Real and Relative Rank of each, be made 
& Certifyed to the Governor & Executive Council for the time being 
as soon as possible, and that a Copy of these proceedings be furnished 
to Brigadier Genl. Elbert, and he be Requested to Compleat, and 
make such Return during the Sitting of this Board if in his power. 

RESOLVTED, That when such Return shall be made the Senior 
Officers shall receive Brevets. RESOLVED, That his honor the Gov- 
ernor be requested to write to the President of Congress, & 
point out the great usefulness of such an Establishment, and urge 
that it be Speedily Ratifyed and that the Delegates of this State be 
ordered to press its adoption and the Means of carrying it into effect. 

And whereas in our present dangerous situation it is essentially 
necessary for the well being of the State, and for the common Safety, 
that there should exist Mutual good will and Respect between the 
freemen of this State and the Confederal Troops, And whereas it 
appears to this Board unquestionably, that the People at Large in 
this State have such a Repugnance to Brigadier General Mcintosh, 
that in the event of any Offensive operations on the part of the Enemy 
which should call for their Services in Aid of the Confederal Troops, 
they would not turn out under his Command. 

RESOLVED, therefore that it be earnestly Recommended to Con- 
gress to direct General Washington to Employ Brigadier General 
Mcintosh in some other Department, & that General Lincoln be in- 
formed in the Mean time that it is the Opinion of this Board that it 
will be for the Interest of this State that some other Officer should 
have the immediate Command in it. 

And whereas Brigadier Genl. Elbert of the Militia of this State, 
and who is also an old Colonel in the Confederal Army, having ren- 
dered much personal Service during the Course of the Warr and 
being esteemed by the People at Large to be a Gallant and good 
Soldier, and the board verily believing that his Liberation and pro- 
motion will be of particular and general Utility, Do therefore advise 
and request that Congress will offer Brigadier General Hamilton of 



24. This name is Handley in the other copy cited above. 

83 



the Convention Troops in Exchange for him, and that thereafter 
he may be promoted to the Rank of Brigadier General in the Con- 
federal Army. 

RESOLVED, That the Thanks of this Board be given to Colonel 
Richd. Parker for his Respectful deportment towards the Civil Auth- 
ority, the good order in which he has kept the Troops under his 
Command and for his unremitted exertions in defence of the State. 

Extract from the Minutes 
Saml. Stirk S.E.C. 
Whether,^* or how far General Elbert (who was the oldest Colonel, 
and next in Rank to General Mcintosh in the Georgia Continental 
Line) was concerned, or privy to the above Resolves is left to the 
Judgement & Sagacity of the Reader but upon General Mcintosh's 
giving them to him for his perusal in Philadelphia he declared before 
Colonel Marbery, upon his Honor, that he knew nothing about the 
Resolves for some time after they were sent to Congress, and delivered 
the following Letter to Genl. Mcintosh two days afterwards. 

Philadelphia i8th. January 1782. 

Dear Sir, It gives me much concern to understand that you have 
adopted the Idea, that I had taken a part in the late Representation 
from the Governor & Council of Georgia to Congress, respecting you. 
I wish you to know, that I have constantly Viewed you, in the 
Light of a Zealous Patriot, and brave Soldier, and that it has ever 
been with the greatest Chearfulness I have Served under you. 

I Sincerely wish you a Speedy Release from your present Captivity 
and am with Sentiments of Respect & Esteem, Dear Sir 

Your very obedt. Servt. 
S. Elbert 
Hble. Br. Genl. Mcintosh 
Philadelphia 

^^Certificate intended to be given by the Milhia 
Officers of Georgia 7775)."^^ 

Whereas we are informed that a certain set of men unconstitution- 
ally assuming to themselves the Titles & powers of Government in this 
State, did on the 6th. Ulto. among other things take upon them to 
assert that the Militia at large of this State "have such a repugnance 
to Bridgr. General Mcintosh that in the event of any offensive opera- 

25. Remainder of this paper is a note by Mcintosh and a copy of a letter 
from Samuel Elbert which are not in the previously published copy of these 
resolutions. The symbol of pointing finger precedes this note. 

26. In unknown hand. 

84 



tions on the part of the Enemy which Should call for their services 
in aid of the Confederal Troops they would not turn out under his 
Command" And whereas in consequence of the said assertion they 
did resolve "that it be earnestly recommended to Congress to direct 
Genl. Washington to employ Brigdr. Mcintosh in some other departt. 
and that Genl. Lincoln be informed in the mean time that it is the 
opinion of this Board (meaning their own self created Council) That 
it will be of Interest of this State that some other Officer shoud 
have the immediate Commd. in it." We Therefore the Subscribers, 
Officers & free Men of the State think it a duty we owe to ourselves, 
to our Country, & to the Cause of Honor, & Justice, to declare that 
the above assertion is void of foundation & Truth, generated in & 
propogated by a violent malicious Faction in order to facilitate the 
base & distructive measures of a few ungenerous, ungratefull & de- 
signing men, and that it is our earnest wish that Genl. Mcintosh 
shoud be continued in the Command, as we are of opinion that from 
his Interest in & attachment to the State, as well as from his experi- 
ence in the field, he is the most proper person for that Command. 

^'Resolve of the House of Assembly State of Georgia /y J any 

^80 respectg. Genl. Howe iiith Memorandum from Major 

Butler & Mr. Wereat.^^ 

State of Georgia In Assembly Jany. 17th. 17 80.^'' 

The Committe appointed to take into Consideration the Situation 
of the State, Since the Twenty ninth of december, one Thousand 
Seven hundred and Seventy Eight Report, That the capital and 
Troops in this State were Sacraficed on the Said 29th of December, 
which was the first Cause of the distresses & Consequences which 
Ensued; 

Your Committee are of the Oppinion that the delegates of this 
State Sho'd be directed to promote a Trial of Major Genl. Howe 
who Commanded on that day. They find that the good peoaple of the 
State were still further discouraged by the Said Majr. Genl. Howes 
Crossing Savannah River the next day with the Troops that Escaped 
from Savannah, and Ordering those at Sunbury & Augusta to do the 
Same; leaving this State at the Mercy of the Enemy, without any 
Continental Troops; Instead of retreating to the Back Country and 
Gathering the Inhabitants. The Country thus abandoned became an 
Easy pray to the British Troops, They marching up and taking post 
at Augusta and Sending Detachments to Every part of the State. 



27. This copy, made in September 1781, is placed here for chronology. 

85 



Extract from the Minutes 
Geo Seagar 
C G A 

Secrys. Office Septr. 1781 

The foregoing is a True Coppy of the Original fil[e]d in this office. 

Geo Bond Dy Secy, to Congress 
(Coppy) 

[The following notes are written by Mcintosh on the back of the 
above paper, the first in Mcintosh's hand, the second in an unknown 
hand.] 

29th. Deer. 1 78 1. [1778] Savannah taken. 

30th, Mr. Wereat went in the Rear of our retreating Army to 
Treutlans where he Stayed 2. or three Nights & was one Night more 
at the two Sisters higher up before he crossed the River Savannah & 
Stayed one or two Nights more at Jno. Smiths black Swamp and one 
Night at Parkers, near a Week at Dillons below Purysburg wth. 
Mr. Clay Habersham &ca, &ca. then went to Charlesto. with his 
Daughter where he Stayed abot. a Week & then went to Fort Moore 
near Augusta where the British were then Stationed, & Stayed abot. 
a fortnight at Sr. Patricks [Houstoun] House Richmond, and within 
that time the Enemy retreated from Augusta to Bryar Creek. 

Bartlemy at Beaufort bought some of the Negroes, the Captn. 
Frisbee others of them and I imagine tho' I am not sure that Colo. 
Ward of Beaufort bought some of them.^^ 

'^^Presentments of a Respectable Grand Jury of Georgia March ij8o.** 

State of Georgia, 
Richmond County, 
March 1780. 

At a General Court began, & held at Augusta, in the County of 
Richmond, in the State of Georgia, before the Honourable William 
Stephens Esquire Chief Justice, and his Associates Justices for said 
County. We the Grand Jurors for said County on our Oaths present, 
I St. We present as a grievance the too great Representation in the 
House of Assembly in the present situation of the State, and the 
pay allowed the Members, by which means a Seat in the Legislature 
becomes a place of Profit, and a great burthen on the Publick so 
great that the Money brought into the Treasury by the last Tax was 
not Sufficient to pay the Members of the House. 
2d. The great profusion in the expenditure of Publick Money. The 

28. This second note refers to William Mcintosh's slaves taken off by 
Capt. Frisby. See letter of Robert Baillie to Mcintosh, July 17, 1781, with 
Mcintosh's notes, below. 

86 



large Salarys annexed to public Offices, at a time when the State is 
not in a Situation to raise Money by Taxation either for its quota 
of the Continental Expence, or the exigencies of its internal Gov- 
ernment. 

3d. We present as a grievance the Prevalence of Drunkeness, Gam- 
ing and Profaneness, Vices that tend to the Degradation of Human 
Nature, the Subversion of Law and good Government, and the de- 
pravity of the Manners and Morals of the rising Generation. 
4th. We present as a grievance the disrespectful & impolitic manner 
in which some of our Citizens accustom themselves to Speak of the 
Generous AUies of the United States, as we conceive it to be a 
dishonourable & ungrateful return for the Blood & Treasure so pro- 
fusely expended by them in a Late Noble and Spirited, tho unfor- 
tunate attempt to restore the State to the inestimable blessings of 
Peace & happiness, as well as the many important Services rendered 
by them to the United States, and as we conceive that such conversa- 
tion tends to the destruction of that Confidence and harmony that 
ought to Subsist between Powers in Alliance, to the Seduction of 
weak Minds from their Confederal Allegiance, & as we know it to 
be one of the Nefarious Measures made use of by the emissarys of 
our implacable & cruel Enemy the British King to destroy the free- 
dom and Independency of these States. 

5th. We present as a grievance the too frequent intercourse at 
present subsisting between the interiour parts of this State and the 
Town of Savannah by which Means that fatal & obnoxious disorder 
the Small Pox may be introduced amongst a people generally Sub- 
ject to its devastation. Unprepared for it's attack, and accustomed 
to dread its very Name, and most earnestly recommend to the Magis- 
tracy to use their utmost diligence & circumspection to prevent a 
Calamity so Pregnant with Consequences of the most serious nature. 

6. We present as a great & intollerable grievance the infamous and 
execrable custom of Plundering pursued by Persons lost to all Sense 
of Virtue & Shame, by which the property of the friendly and un- 
friendly, the Widow & the Orphan is indiscriminately Subject to the 
Lawless hands of Violence & rapine, and we recommend that the 
most rigorous Measures be used towards the Suppression of this most 
abominable & wicked Practice. 

7. We present as a great grievance the scandalous, ungenerous and 
iniquitous practice of suppressing and breaking open the Seals of 
private Letters addressed to Citizens of this State, whose fidelity 
and attachment to the United States was never with any Shadow 
of Reason doubted, and this by Persons enjoying the highest and 
most Honourable Offices in the State, as we conceive, if this prac- 

87 



tice is Continued, it will Strike at the very root of Society, destroy 
the necessary & useful Mode of conveying Usefull inteligence, and 
be productive of the greatest evils both to the State and individuals 
On the information of R. Demere Esqr. & Capt, Geo. Handley. 

8. We present as a grievance the impunity with which Murder has 
been commited for some time past to the disgrace of the Community, 
the encouragement of the Lawless & turbulent and injury of the 
peaceable Citizen. 

9. We present as a grievance the Neglect of public Duty in & about 
the Town of Augusta and the too great Licence given to Slaves ram- 
bling from place to place without written permits. 

10. We present as a manifest breach of the Constitution a Meeting 
composed of about the number of Twenty in the Month of Novem- 
ber last, who called themselves the House of Assembly, & actually 
assumed, and exercised the Legislative & Executive powers of Gov- 
ernment, contrary to the express Letter & Spirit of the Constitution, 
which we conceive to be a precedent dangerous to the Rights and 
Libertys of the good people of this State, for if any Number of Men, 
short of the Number prescribed in and by the Constitution can ex- 
ercise the Legislative Authority, any given Number may. the Libertys 
of the People may be invaded, and the worst of Tyranny set up 
and established. 'Tis much to be apprehended; and is the fixed opin- 
ion of many of the Citizens of this State, That this Mutilated As- 
sembly at the Eve of a general Election, was rather contrived to 
answer the private purposes of some Artful and designing individuals 
than for the real Interest and benefit of the State. 

1 1 . We present as a great Grievance the interf errance of the Execu- 
tive with the Judiciary Department, which is an Express & flagrant 
Violation of the first Clause of the Constitution of this State. 

12. We present as a public grievance the badness of the Roads & 
Bridges between this and Spirit Creek, they being at present impass- 
able for the Inhabitants. 

13. We present as a grievance the frequent practice of forcibly 
taking private property for publick Uses against the Consent of the 
Owners, and contrary to the Method prescribed by Law, when 
impresses becomes absolutely Necessary. 

14. We present the ruinous situation of the Parish Church in this 
Town. 

88 



15- We present W. Farrol late of this County for wickedly and cniely 
Murdering H. Morecock, on the information and evidence produced 
by the Attorney General. 

1 6. Lastly We Thank his Honor the Chief Justice for his Excellent 
Charge delivered at the [opening] of this Session and request that it 
together with these Presentments be published in the Carolina Gazette. 

(Signed) John Wereat, Foreman Moody Burt 

John Benefield Alexander Eraser 

John Shackleford James Rae 

S. John Cuthbert Thos. Pace 

Chisley Bostick Nathl. Hicks 

Wm. Bum And. McLean 

Wm. Chandler Martin Weatherford 

Thos. Morris Benj. Few 

Danl. Walacon John Wilson 
Peter Paris 

[The following comment by Mcintosh is written on this paper:] 
N.B. These Patriotick, Spirited & pointed Presentments were made 
by the first Grand Inquest for the Body of the People in the State 
of Georgia, and Court of Sessions held at Augusta, after the Usurpa- 
tion of G. Walton, R. Howley & Geo. Wells, which took place the 
latter end of November 1779, only a Week before the General An- 
nual Election by the Constitution, upon the arrival of a Considerable 
Sum of Money from Congress to support the Military Exertions of 
the State, & the daily expectation of Sr. H. Clinton with a British 
Army sufficient to overrun the two upper Countys of the State, 
then alone remaining in our hands with about 500 Militia, and while 
another respectable Government Existed in the State authorized by 
nine tenths of the Inhabitants, which the Tenth Presentment is di- 
rectly Levelled against. The encouragement given to indiscriminate 
plundering; the Extravagant Promises of promotion, & Number of 
Offices, with the Enormous Sallerys annexed to them, and the Con- 
sequent Extravagance upon receiving so much Money, and the Coun- 
tenance given, with the Example of this Triumvirate in all kinds of 
Disipation in order to Corrupft], & gain the People to their designs, 
was the Reason of the greater part of the other Presentments, and may 
be partly Understood by the following Estimates made at that time. 



89 



The Governor's Salery Dols. 30,000 

Governor's House, Furniture, Grogg & other Expences 100,000 

Expresses, & other incidentalls 20,500 

Indian Affairs 1 00,000 

250. Men on Duty to be allowed 2. dollars per Day over & 

above the Continental pay allowed them 182,500 

Officers of these Men 38,000 



Under the Governor's direction . Dos. 471,000 

Dollars 

Brought up Dols. 47 1,000 

Chief Justice 1 5,000 

Attorney General 1 0,000 

Two Treasurers 2 0,000 

Continental Delegates 7 5,000 

Secretary 8,000 

Auditor 15,000 

Clerk of Assembly 8,000 

Council 1 0,000 

The Assembly & the Council 160,000 

Surveyor General of Lands 5,000 

Say, 3 Clerks of the Courts, 5 M. each 15,000 

Arrears due by the State 269,000 

Per Annm. dollars 1,08 1,000 

The State, being only the two upper Countys of Wilkes & Rich- 
mond at that time in our possession, contained about 500. Men, 
Say, 500. Out of which, Take 

1 Governor, & 12 Counselors 13 

6 Delegates 6. 

Chief Justice & Atty. Genl. 2. 

2 Treasrs. & i Secretary 2. [3?] 

Auditor, Clks of Ass. & Coun. 3 

Surveyor Genl. of Lands i 

3. Clerks of Courts 3 

Members of Assembly 60. 

the Civil Dept -. 90 

Military, vizt. 
I Major Genl. & i. Brigr. 2. 

4, Colonels & 4. Lt. Cols. 8. 

4. Majors & 36. Capts. 40. 

90 



72 Subalterns 72. 

Staff at Least 43 



260. 

remains of men 240. to do the whole duty of 

the State at 2. dollars each per day besides Continental pay. And to 
Govern whom, this whole Apparatus of needless Office, and Ex- 
horbitant Sallerys was Established, expecting, or rather perswading 
the people, that Congress would pay the whole. 

""Copy of a letter from Wm. Glascock Esqr. to the President of 

Congressy 

Augusta in the State of Goergia 
1 2th. May 178029 
Sir I am now to do myself the honor of addressing a few lines to 
your Excellency, on a matter of considerable Importance to myself, 
and to a Gentlemen whose character both as a citizen and as an 
officer, I esteem and honor; and indeed to take up the affair on a 
larger scale, I may say it is also of importance to this State, and to 
the whole confederal alliance as it strikes at the very root of recipro- 
cal confidence, and opens a road to misrepresentation, detraction and 
malice, that cannot be guarded against but with the utmost circum- 
spection, and which if not checked might be productive of the most 
serious consequence to these States, either in a Military or Civil Sense. 

Brigadier General Mcintosh informs me that he lately received a 
letter from your Excellency inclosing the following extract of a 
letter to Congress, from me as speaker of the Assembly of the State 
of Georgia "It is to be wished that we could advise Congress that 
the return of Brigadier General Macintosh gave satisfaction to either 
the Militia or Confederates, but the common disatisfaction is such, 
and that founded on weighty reasons, it is highly necessary that Con- 
gress would whilst that Officer is in the service of the United States, 
direct some distant field for the exercise of his abilities." 

I am very sorry Sir, to be informed by this extract of Extreem 
malice and rancour of General Macintosh's enemies, but at the same 
time I enjoy a peculiar happiness in having it in my power to defeat 
the nefarious machinations and intentions, for I do hereby most 
solemnly declare to Congress that the above extract is a flagrant 
forgery, of which I disclaim all knowledge whatever, either directly 



29. This copy is in the hand of Peter Deveaux. There is another copy in 
the Mcintosh papers in an unknown hand. The original is in "Papers of the 
Continental Congress," No. 73, folios 266-68, in the National Archives. 

91 



or indirectly, neither did I ever subscribe in a Publick or Private 
Capacity, any letter or paper that could convey to Congress such 
an Idea of that Officers footing, with respect to his Country, which 
he has in my opinion Served with reputation, and from which he 
ought to receive the Grateful testimonials of Publick approbation, 
instead of the malicious insinuations of Private Slander, in which class 
I am under the necessity of ranking the forged Letter which is the 
Subject of this. 

And I am glad of the opportunity of informing Congress that so 
far is that forgery from truth, that I believe there is not a reputable 
Citizen or Officer of Georgia, but who would be happy in Serving 
under General Macintosh, nor one in either class who would be 
otherwise, except for a few who are governed by Design or Self- 
interest. 

I have the honor to be 
i With the Greatest Respect 

^ ' Your Excellency's 

Most Obt. and Most humble Servt. 
Wm. Glascock 
Signed in the Presence of 

Peter Deveaux 
One of the Executive Council 

"The Names of Fersons in the Georgia Disqualification Act passed 

I St. July i-jSo & to continue for 5 years, & to the End of the 

next Session of Assembly, & no longer^ 

From the Georgia Act of Disqualification passed ist. July 1780.' 
Persons names mentioned therein. 

1. John Houstoun, late of this P[rovince] Rebel Governor 

2. John Adam Treutlen, late of the same Reb. Governor 

3. Lachlan A4cIntosh, &c. Rebel General 

4. George Walton, &c. Memb. of rebel Congress 

5. Willm. Stephens &c. Rebel Att. General 

6. John McClure &c. Rebel Major 

7. Jos, Clay &c. Reb. Pay master General 

8. N. Wimb. Jones &c. Speaker of the Reb. Assembly 

9. Mord. Sheftal &c. Chairm. Reb. P. Comittee 

10. Wm. O'Bryen &c. Rebel Treasurer 

11. John Wereat &c. Rebel Counselor 



30. This same list is in Candler, ed., The Revolutionary Records oj Geor- 
gia, I, 348-56. and in George White, Historical Collections of Georgia (New 
York, 1854), 102-05. White gives the date as July 6. 



92 



12. Edwd. Telfair &c. Mem. of Reb. Congress 

13. Edwd. Davis &c. Memb. of Reb. Assembly 

14. Saml. Elbert &c. a Rebel General 

15. Seth John Cuthbert &c. Rebel Major 

16. Wm. Holsendorf &c., Rebel Counsellor 

17. Richd. Howley &c., Rebel Governor 

18. George Galphin &c. Reb. Sup. I. Affairs 

19. And. Williamson, Reb. General 

20. John White, late of the P[rovince], Reb. Colonel 

21. Nehm. Wade, late of the same Reb. Treasurer 

22. John Twiggs &c., Reb. Colonel 

23. Wm. Few, &c. Reb. Counsellor 

24. Edwd. Langworthy &c. Reb. Delegate 

25. Wm, Glascock, &c. Reb. Counsellor 

26. Robt. Walton &c. Reb. Co. of F. Estates 

27. Jos. Wood, Junr. &c. Clerk to the Reb. Assembly 
28. Piggin, &c. Reb. Colonel 

29. Wm. Hornby &c. Distiller 

30. Pierce Butler &c. Reb. Officer 

31. Jos. Wood, &c. Mem. of the Reb. Congress 

32. Revd. Wm. Piercv &c. Clerk 

33. Thom. Savage, &c., Planter 

34. Thom. Stone &c., Reb. Counsellor 

35. Ben. Andrew &c. Pr. of the Reb. Council 

36. John Baker Senr. &c., Reb. Colonel 

37. Wm. Baker, &c., Reb. Officer 

38. Fr. Brown, &c.. Planter 

39. Nathan Brunson, &c. Mem. Reb. Congress 

40. John Hardy, &c. Cap. of a R. Galley 

41. Tho. Morris &c. Reb. Officer 

42. Sam. Miller &c. Reb. Assembly 

43. Thos. Maxwell &c. planter 

44. Jos. Woodruff &c. &c. 

45. Jos. Ozwald &c. planter 

46. Josiah Powell late of the Same, Planter 

47. Sam. Saltus &c. a Committeman 

48. John Sandiford &c. planter 

49. Peter Taarling &c. Reb. Officer 

50. Oliver Bowen &c. Reb. Commodore 

51. Lvman Hall, &c. Mem. of the Reb. Congress 

52. And. Moore &c.. Planter 

53. Joshua Inman &c., Planter 

54. John Dooley &c. Reb. Colonel 

93 



55- John Glen, &c., Reb. Ch. Justice 

56. Richd. Wylly &c. Pr. of the Reb. CouncO 

57. Ad. Fowler Brisbane &c. Reb. Counsellor 

58. Shem. Butler &c. Reb. Assemblyman 

59. Jos. Habersham &c. Reb. Colonel 

60. John Stirk &c., Reb. Colonel 

61. Raymd. Demere, &c. Reb. Clo. General 

62. Charles Odingsell &c. Reb. Captain 

63. Wm. Peacock, &c., Reb. Counsellor 

64. John Braddock, &c. Capt. of a Reb. Galley 
6$. Jos. Reynolds &c. Bricklayer 

66. Rudolph Strohager, Butcher 

67. Charles Cope, &c. Butcher 

68. Lewis Cope, &c. Butcher 

69. Hepworth Carter &c., Reb. Captain 

70. Stephen Johnston &c. Butcher 

71. John Mcintosh Junr. &c. Reb. Colonel 

72. James Houstoun &c. Surgeon 

73. James Habersham &c. Merchant 

74. John Habersham &c. Rebel Major 

75. John Milledge Junr. &c., Reb. Assembly Man 

76. Levi Sheftall, &c., Butcher 

77. Phil, Jacob Cohen &c. Shopkeeper 

78. John Sutcliffe &c.. Shopkeeper 

79. Jonathan Bryan &c. Reb. Counsellor 

80. John Spencer &c. Reb. Officer 

81. John Holmes &c.. Clerk 

82. Wm. Gibbons, the elder &c. Reb. Counsellor 

83. Sheftal Sheftal, &c. Reb. Officer 

84. Philip Minis, &c.. Shopkeeper 

85. Coshman Pollock &c. Shopkeeper 

86. Robt. Hamilton &c. Att. at Law 

87. Benja. Lloyd, &c. Reb. Officer 

88. James Alexander &c. Reb. Officer 

89. John Jenkins, &c. Reb. Assembly Man 

90. Sam. Stirk, &c. Reb. Secretary 

91. Philip Densler &c. Yeoman 

92. Henry Cuyler &c., Reb. Officer 

93. Jos. Gibbons &c. Reb. Assemblyman 

94. Ebinezer Smith Piatt, &c. Shopkeeper 

95. Mathew Griffin &c. planter 

96. Peter Deveaux &c. Gentn. 

97. Ben. Odingsell, &c. Reb. Officer 

94 



98. John Gibbons, &c. V. Master 

99. John Smith &c. planter 

[GO. Wm. LeConte &c. Reb. Counsellor 

[oi. Charles Fr. Chevalier late of the Same Reb. Counr. 

102. Peter Chambers, &c., Shopkeeper 

[03. Thos. Washington, &c., Reb, Officer 

[04. Elisha Maxwell &c. planter 

[05. Thos. Maxwel Jun. &c. Reb. Major 

[06. Wm. Gibbons the younger &c. planter 

107. Wm. Davis. &c., Reb. Officer 

[08. John Graves &c., Yeoman 

:o9. Charles Kent, &c. Reb. Counsellor 

10. John Bacon, &c.. Mariner 

1 1 . Nathaniel Saxton &c. Tavern keepeer 

12. Philip Lovv^e &c. Reb. Officer 

13. Sam, Spencer &c. Mariner 

14. John Winn Senr. &c. Planter 

15. Devereaux Jarratt, &c. Reb. Assemblyman 

16. Saml, West, &c.. Gentleman 

17. Josiah Dupont, &c. Planter 

18. James Pugh &c.. Planter 

19. Fr. Pugh, &c. Planter 

20. James Rae &c.. Planter 
[21. James Martin &c.. Planter 
[22. John Martin &c., Reb. Sheriff 

23. Thomas Pace &c., Reb. Offiicer 

24. Benjamin Few, &c. Reb, Officer 

25. Dionysius Wright &c. Planter 

26. Chesley Bostick &c. Shopkeeper 

27. Littleberry Bostick &c. Planter 

28. Leonard Marberry &c. Reb. Officer 
[29. John Sharp, &c.. Planter 

30. James Harris, &c. Planter 

31. Henry Jones &c., Reb. Colonel 

32. Hugh McGee &c., Reb. Captain 
[33. John Wilson &c. Gentleman 

34. George Wyche &c. Reb. Officer 

35. Wm. Candler &c., Reb. Officer 

36. Zachariah Fenn^^ &c. Planter 

37. Wm, Mcintosh &c. Reb. Colonel 

38. David Brydie &c. Surgeon 



31. White, op. cit., gives this name ae Tenn. 

95 



139- And. McLean &c. Merchant 

140. Sr. Pat. Houstoun &c. Baronet 

141. Macaitan Campbell &c. Merchant 

142. James Gordon, &c. Planter 

143. John Kell, &c., Gentn. 

144. John McLean, &c. planter 

145. John Snider, &c. planter 

146. John Elliott, &c. Reb. Officer 

147. Thorn. Elliott, &c. Reb. Officer 

148. Richd. Swiney &c. Yeoman 

149. Hugh Middleton &c. Reb. Officer 
150- Job Pray, &c. Mariner 

151. Josiah McLean &c. Planter^^ 

^^Mr. Wereafs tivo Notes &c. from Charleston per Capt. Day^^ 

[77^0] 33 

Mr. Glascock wrote to the President of Congress positively denying 
his having wrote the Letter of which I have been furnished with 
a paragraph, either in a public or private Capacity and asserted that 
he had the highest opinion of Genl. M. both as a Soldier and a Citizen. 
At the same time he wrote to the General detesting the ungenerous 
and unjust attack that was made upon him and declared the Letter 
in question to have been a forgery. 

The Continental Officers and the Officers of the Militia declared 
under their hands that the Letter before alluded to was false respect- 
ing them and the latter set forth that they were perfectly satisfied 
with the Generals conduct and had and wou'd serve under him with 
chearfulness. 

"Lfrt of the Georgia Cont[inenta]l Officers. i-jSo." 

Colonel Saml. Elbert 
Lt. Colo. John Mcintosh 
Majors John Habersham 21st. March 1778 
ist. Apr. 1778 Jo. Lane j app. since 

25th. May Ft. Howe Philip Low ( Deer. '77 

[Georgia Brigade] 
Captain [s] Hicks - 2 

Geo. Handley - i 

Octob. '76 Lach. Mcintosh - i 

Shad. Wright - i 

32. This list Is written on what was apparently the covering envelope of 
a letter addressed to General William Moultrie. 

33. Notes in Wereat's hand. 

96 



I Mar. '77 
ist. Mar. '77 



Dead 



Sept. '77 
15 Capts. 



loth. Apr. '77 

22 July '77 
26th. June '77 
20th. Sept. '77 



23 Lts. 





Lucas 


- 4 


Melvin 


- 4 


Dan. Cuthbert 


- I 


Wood (resd.) 


- 2. 


Clem. Nash 


- 3 


John Milton 


- I 


John Bard 


- 2 


Brassard 


- 4 


Jo. Day 


- 4 


Wm. Mcintosh 


- I 


Wm. Scott 


- 3 


1 since Reso. of 31st Deer. 1777 






Cunningham 


- 3 




L. Moseby 


- 3- 


-< 


Booker 


- 3 




Cook 


- 3 




^ Cowan 


- 4 


L. Mcintosh 


- I 


T. Glascock 


- I 


Jesse Walton 


- I 


Rob. How 


- 2 


Lieutents. Allison 


- 2 


Tennill 


- 2 


Shick 


- 2. 


Morison 


- 2 


John Moseby 


- 2. 


Davenport 


- 2 


Waggonon 


- 3 


Meanly 


- 3 


DuCoin 


- 4 


Hilhary 


- 4 


Fitzpatrick 


- 4- 


Jordan 


- 4- 


Perry 


- 3 


Hays 


- 4 


MUler 


- 2 


Frazer 


- 3 


Collins 


- 2 




Thos. Payne 


- 



Resd. 



97 



They are not according to Rank 

Patr. Walsh, Capt. Geor Dragoons 
Laban Johnson, Lt. of Artillery 
Wm. Mcdaniel, Lt. Geo. Dragoons 
David Rees, D. Judge Advo. 
Wm. Mathews, Muster Master 
The Horse  qd. [?] 
Lt. Colo. Marbery  qd. 
Major De Keisar  qd. 
Capt. Cooper 
" Welsh 
" West 
Lts.Mcdaniel 
Frazer 

^'Robt. Baillie ijth. July lySi ivth. Memo, of Negroes taken from 

Wm. Mcintosh.'' 

St. Augustine 17th July 1781^* 
Dear Sir I have been much disapointed in not hearing from you 
haveing wrote you twice from Savannah and once since my Return 
to this Place in which I acquainted you that I had applyed to Col 
Clark for his Interest with Colo. Balfour to procure you the Liberty 
of comeing to live with us till you should be exchanged, which he 
readily promised and assured me he would write to him upon that 
Subject but as I have since heard that you are already exchanged 
and gone to Philadelphia of which I sincerely congratulate you at 
the same time I must confess I should have been much better pleased 
to have seen you here and entirely detach'd from the American In- 
terests, however I know your Sentiments & will therefore say no 
more upon that Subject. The Gentlemen who have been so long here 
upon Parole & now exchanged are this day embarking in two flags 
of Truce for Philadelphia and as I thought it a good opportunity 
of writing you I would not miss it, and as Capt. Dames returns im- 
mediatly I beg to hear from you & if you will give me any Directions 
respecting your Georgia Affairs you may depend upon my doing 
the best I can for your Interest. I suppose you sent Mr Wylly the 
proper Letters of Atty for entering appearances for you upon the 
difft. attachts. Your Negroes Shadwell & Dolly are still upon Black 
Island and Im affraid will be attach'd & sold for a trifle as your 
Brother Willm. had taken them I did not chuse to interfere with them 
without your positive directions. Lucy and her Children I believe 

34. In Baillie's hand. 

98 



were at Beaufort so that I could not get them, but if you think 
proper to send me any directions about them I will endeavour to 
secure them for you. I saw William & his family a few days ago they 
live upon St. Joluis River near Mr Spaldings, he has always considered 
himself as a Prisoner upon Parole but as a general Exchange has now 
taken Place he must either remove or become a Subject, he seems 
determined to prefer the former and I suppose must soon go to the 
North'ard. Some of his Negroes were at little Satilla working with 
Rayd Demere, about eight days ago an American Boat commanded 
by one Frisby went there and carryed off eight of the best he had 
remaining. I have given a List of them to Mr Savage to give you, 
he begs you will do all you can to have them secured for him 
should they be carryed in to any of the Ports to the North'ard; he 
and his Family are realy much distress'd, they have now but a few 
Negroes left to support them, & know not how long they may be 
able to keep them as there are a great many Judgements against 
them. My own Situation is indeed very little better for though I am 
not yet sued, the debts I owe with Intt. accumulating for these five 
years past, amounts to a Sum I shall never be able to pay and my 
property is so greatly reduced that I can hardly support my Family 
in any decent Manner, this cursed War has ruin'd us all, however I 
still flatter myself it will soon be at an End, and that we shall again 
be able to return to our Plantations & Live peaceably together which 
I assure you I most sincerely wish for. Your Sister and the Children 
are all well & Little John who is now with us & very hearty, he was 
to have returned before this to Savh. but the Passage has been stoped 
with American Boats. We are very anxious to hear where Mrs Mc- 
intosh & the Children are I hope you will now be able to have them 
with you, her present Situation in North Carolina must have been 
very disagreeable as it has been the Seat of War. I have not heard 
from Jamaica this great while, I expected to have seen your Son 
here before this but have been disapointed I am convinced his presence 
would have been of some Service in your Affairs. 

I suppose my old Freind Mr Wereat has accompinyed you to 
Philadelphia, if so I beg you will remember me in the kindest Manner 
to him, and assure him that I shall ever retain a grateful sense of his 
Freindship, if he can point out any Service I can render him in 
Georgia he may depend upon my doing it with the greatest Pleasure. 
I am sorrv^ it has not been in my power to show those Civilities to 
my old acquaintances Mr Savage & Dr Jones that I could have wished 
to have done. The Vessels are to drop down immediatly so that I 
have no time to add any more but beg you will write by Capt Dames. 
I have been very little at home since I went to Georgia being obliged 

99 



to attend the Assembly here which is still sitting. Poor Nancy has 
been flatering herself with the hopes of seeing you but will now 
be greatly disapointed. I beg you will remember me to all our old 
Acquaintances particularly to your Family and believe me to be with 
great Regard 

Dear Sir 

Yours most Afftly 
R. Baillie 

[The following note in Mcintosh's hand is on this letter: ] 
Taken by one Frisby Commanding an American Privateer off Little 
Settilla in Georgia, being the Property of Mrs. Jane Mcintosh, the 
Wife of William Mcintosh, a Prisoner of Warr upon Parole. Eight 
Negro Slaves, Vizt. 

Dick Beck 

Erchit Betty 

Bigg Yarrow Cilia & Son. 
Lingo 

Memorandum delivered by Mr Tho. Savage i Aug. '8i. 
Major Butler says these Slaves were carryed in & sold at Beauford 
in No. Carolina to [blank] that Mr. Thomas Ogden Merchant in 
Newburn can give further information of them. 

John Brickell to Mcintosh. 

Col. Habersham's lo miles above Amherst court 
House. II Octr. 178 1.^** 

Dear Sir I wrote to you a few days ago, when Col. Kershaw called 
here, acquainting you that all your good family are in fine health, 
and are about to remove up here to a plantation which Col. Haber- 
sham has provided for them, as they are but badly situated at present 
on land of a great villain Mat. Marable in the upper end of Mecklen- 
burg county about 90 miles from here. 

I mentioned that the principal wants of your little ones this winter 
would be blankets and clothes. 

On a supposition that the letter alluded to may reach Philadelphia] 
I will not enumerate the [words torn off] Only in addition to the 
news add that we have had civil government established in Georgia 
for some time. Doctor Brunson [Brownson] is governor and the dele- 
gates to serve in Congress are Mr. Telfair, Col. Few, Dr. Jones and 
Mr. Saml. Stirk. All the Georgians are happy that Walton and How- 

35. In Briekell's hand. 

100 



ley are turned out. My acquaintance with these men (viz W. and H.) 
is very little, but the Georgians look upon both as very abandoned 
characters. 

The famous privateer Man Captain Ozburn has been killed in a 
skirmish in Georgia. He was first wounded and taken and then had 
his head Split open after Surrender. Col. Habersham and his brother 
John who is exchanged with Mr. Holmes desire their kindest wishes 
to you. I am dear Sir 

Your much obliged and most obedient Humble Servant 
John Brickell. 

Col. Rose lieutenant of our county is particularly anxious to Serve 
you, and will furnish your family [words torn off] with bacon, com, 
wheat [words torn off] will not account with you for until you 
are peacibly established in Georgia. 

Grain is very cheap here. I bought oats lately for less than two 
pence Sterling per bushel, corn is not quite three pence per bushel. 

About Seventy acres of your plantation here is level as a table 
and bears the finest com I have seen in Virginia. 

J. B. 
Amherst county, Virginia 
[Endorsed:] 

Honorable Brigadier General Mackintosh 
At the Barracks 
Philadelphia 
atend. by Mr. Campbell 

"Copy of Govt. Tonyn's [Letter] 28 Aug. 1^82 from [St. Augustine] 
to Govt. Martin of Georgia.^^^^ 

Sir I have the honor of receiving your Letter, of the 15th instant, 
by the flagg of truce the Hepsibeth, & papers relative thereto, in 
which you name William Mcintosh, Samuel Stirk & John Wereat 
E^qrs. Commissioners, to negotiate concerning the Mode of carrying 
on the War in future, upon Liberal principles, so as to prevent plunder- 
ing and marauding parties from disturbing the Settlements in Georgia, 
and in this Province: that industrious Inhabitants of both Countries, 
may unmolested pursue their occupations. 

From the commencement of this Unatural, and pernicious war, the 
temper of East Florida had ever discountenanced cruel predatory 
incursions; as answering no good purpose for procuring the great 
object of War, Peace and Accommodation: and untill impelled, from 



36. The letter is in very bad condition and some parts are missing. 

101 



the Sufferings of the People by depredations and excesses; no hos- 
tilities. Sir, on our parts had been made, which was then, necessary 
in our defence. 

Desirous of preserving the same moderation previous to the receipt 
of your Letter, Strict orders were given, to the Military acting under 
my Authority, not to pass the boundary of this Province; and by no 
Means to be guilty of cruelty or plunder. And the Provincial Legis- 
lature has framed no Laws, to Authorise such proceedings; The Of- 
ficers of Law and Justice in this Province, have the Laws of Great 
Britain alone to direct their decisions. 

A distinguishing Mark of civilisation is to conduct war with hu- 
manity, to avoid whatever is cruel, and does not answer good pur- 
poses to the Community: provided therefore your People, commit no 
depredations and hostilities, upon the plantations in this Province, 
of which I shall be happy, to have assurances from you by letter, 
I shall, and do engage, that the most positive and express orders shall 
be given, that no plunder or depredations be committed by any 
Marauding partys, acting under my Authority: and, if, contrary to 
these orders and intentions, any irregularitys should be done, that 
every Satisfaction in my power shall be made. 

As I have, by virtue of my Royal Master, sufficient power to ef- 
fectuate these purposes, it is not necessary on my part, to negotiate 
with Commissioners; and I trust on yours, every effectual Step be 
taken, to establish these Measures of equal force, weight, and [effi]cacy 
in Georgia, as in East Florida. 

When a prevailing Spirit of moderation, and a regard to property 
of Individuals are manifest, I take the Liberty of [illegible] the cir- 
cumstance of depriving persons of their Estates, who are [peace] able 
Inhabitants of Georgia. If, a firm and Manly conduct [words missing] 
the admiration of all Ages, and a fixed [words missing] Uniformly 
avowed by Men deemed honourable [words missing] they are cer- 
tainly highly culpable [words missing] however I am, that upon 
cool, dispationate consideration, such conduct must command the 
esteem and respect of all good Men. 

Nothing can give me so great pleasure, as an accommodation, settled 
and established between Great Britain, and America, conducive to 
the Interests of both; that the United Nation may increase it's pristine 
Lustre and Glory. I hope untill that happy period, we shall conduct 
the contest with becoming A4oderation, and as little as possible to the 
disadvantage of industrious peaceable Inhabitants of both Countries: 
and I trust, Sir, that this Spirit in your Government will shew itself 
by paving the way to such desirable end: and I shall take care that 
no Provincial Laws be Sanctifyed here, to clogg such reconciliadon, 

102 



and, every countenance in my power consistent with my duty to the 
best of Sovereigns, shall be given to proceedings founded upon humane 
and beneficial principles. 

I have therefore directed Mr. Forbes, to supply you with such 
necessarys as are proper in our Situation; and shall in future study 
to carry on an intercourse not inconsistent with my duty, and the 
Law of Nations. 

It was my particular care, that the Gentlemen sent in your flagg 
were lodged in the most respectable Familys, and that proper at- 
tention was shown them. I have the honour to be. Sir, 

Your most obedient and most Humble Servant 
Pat. Tonyn 

St. Augustine 28th. August '82^^ 
His Excellency 
John Martin Esqr. 

And directed thus: 
On his Majestys Service 
To 

His Excellency, 
John Martin, Esqr. 

Governor & Commander in Chief of the State of Georgia, 
Savannah 

"Copy of Letter to Genl. Green ^oth Octob. 1J82, per Dr. Houston^^^^ 

Dr. General, When I came down to Savannah I was happy to be 
informed by Govr. Martin of our State, that he and Govr. Tonyn of 
East Florida had agreed to discountenance and as far as in their power 
to put a Stop to all plundering for the future beyond their respective 
Limits, which has grown to such a Highth by a Lawless Savage & 
unprincipled Banditti that no man is Safe one Night in his House 
in any part of this State or even in the Town Savannah, or traveling 
a Mile upon the Roads, & has been a great injury & disgrace to the 
general Cause, & nearly depopulated & ruined this fine Country, but 
I am apt to think an affair which happaned some days past and raised 
a general Clamour & Resentment here, will break this agreement off 
uriless some timely remedy is applyed, one Andrew Deveaux Late of 
So. Carolina it is said has fitted out some Armed Boats in Charlestown, 



37. A copy of Governor Martin's letter to Mcintosh, dated Savannah, 
August 21, 1782, telling of this mission, is in the Force Georgia Transcripts, 
Library of Congress. 

38. This is a rough draft which Mcintosh retained. The original letter 
is in the Revolutionary Collection at Duke University. It has a footnote in- 
troducing Dr. Houstoun. 

103 



came inland from East Florida, plundering plantations in his way 
along & among others took a Boat Seven Negroes & some Houshold 
Furniture belonging to my Brother Colo. William Mcintosh and 
afterwards Landed at Bewley twelve miles from Savannah & plundered 
Mrs. Morel of thirty Negroes & other Effects with which he went 
off. our Govr. has wrote to Tonyn by a flagg upon the Occasion 
to have them restored in Case they are gone to Augustine, but it is 
thought as this Deveaux is Commissioned from Charlestown, that 
he will pay no regard to the Authority of Govr. Tonyn, and in that 
Case that an application from you upon the Subject to Genl. Leslie 
will be necessary, which if you think there is no impropriety in doing, 
I am desired to request that you will. I have the Honor &ca. 

30th. Octob. 1782 

"Copys of Letter from Colo. Jackson to Mr. Wereat ninth Ansiver?^^^ 

Savannah Novr. 31st. 1782 
My Dear Sir, The very good opinion you have been pleased to form 
of my Candor shall not be trifled with. I have ever respected you as 
a parent and the idea will ever lodge in my bosom. You will not 
then accuse me of hypocrisy if on mature deliberation I cannot act 
for General Mcintosh against any person whatever in a criminal 
light at least you will hear my reasons previous to your condemning 
me. 

With as great a regard for General Mcintosh as any individual 
of his friends 1 assure you I possess as great an abhorrence of the 
conduct of those who attempted to injure him; my sentiments are 
not used to waver. 

1 am Mr. Wereat a young Man hardly entered into life; my duty 
to my self requires I should gain as many friends and as few enemies 
as the interest of my Country will permit me. I am to your knowledge 
Sir under the unfortunate obUgation of appearing before a Tribunal 
to answer the life of a Man who I may with confidence say fell 
by my innocent hands how then my dear Sir 'till I am acquitted 
can I rise at the Bar to accuse another where his life may be at 
Stake. Mr. Houstoun a much older Lawyer has declined, will it not 
appear assuming in me to the World. 

I know Mr. Wereat's regard too high for me even to wish under 
my circumstances I should consider myself in the present matter the 
Lawyer of his greatest friend. I shall ever esteem it an honor to be 
ranked his acquaintance & in any other affair his Attorney. I have 
thought this the most eligible mode to declare my sentiments & rather 



39. Both letters are in Wereat's hand. 

104 



through you to the General. I have wrote without reserve & agree- 
able to that character I shall study to preserve. 
I am Sir believe me 

with the most sincere regard 
your very hunrJe. Servant 
Jas. Jackson 
Honble John Wereat esquire. 
(Copy) 

Wereat to Jackson 

Savannah 2nd. December 1782 
My Dear Sir, Your Letter of the 31st. Ult. was handed me last night 
after I returned from Bewlie, where I went to get information about 
some property belonging to a friend who at this time is out of the 
State. 

My friend I do not pretend to dictate to you in any matter, more 
especially in what immediately concerns your business or profession; 
but as you have addressed a Letter to me on a subject of this nature, 
where a most worthy Character and a Citizen of this State has been 
villainously attacked, give me leave to ask you a few questions. 

Is the Crime (by your own acknowledgement) a most infamous 
and diabolical one, and one of the few that by the Laws of England 
is never forgiven? How is the injured person to obtain redress but 
in a Court of Justice? If the Ministers of the Court of Justice refuse 
to take the cause of the injured in hand, has he not a right, and will 
he not naturally complain of them to the Bench, and if so, is it not 
the duty of the Bench to reprehend them severely for their conduct 
&c? In the present instance is not the State as well as the individual 
injured, and should it not be considered as a part of the duty a Man 
owes to his Country to detect and punish the authors of so black 
a villainy? When the injured person knows (and know he must some 
time or other) that the Ministers belonging to the Court refuse to do 
him justice, will he not procure a Gentleman of the profession from 
the neighboring State for the express purpose, who, altho' the Crimi- 
nals are Men who have dishonored his own profession, will not 
fear to expose them to public shame and infamy and thunder forth 
the punishment that the Law inflicts upon the Crime? 

Will it not reflect dishonor upon the Gentlemen of your profes- 
sion, when the Historie shall relate, that none of them dared to 
punish the wickedness committed in their own State, and that it was 
found necessary to have recourse to another State for a Minister of 
Justice? 

105 



More Questions might be asked, but let these suffice. You will 
however greatly oblige me by excusing me from mentioning this 
matter to the General, and Command me on any other occasion; 
With every good wish I am 

Dr. Sir, 

Your most sincere friend 
John Wereat 
Colonel James Jackson 
in Savannah. 

Copy 

Mcintosh to John Martin.^^ 

Savannah loth. December 1782 
Dear Sir, As you have not the Journals of the Assembly and Minutes 
of Council for the latter end of the Year 1779, and the beginning 
of 1780. I take the Liberty of mentioning, that I am well informed 
Mr. Howley had them in Philadelphia to Answer certain purposes, 
and as he ought to have taken care of them and deliver them un- 
impaired to his Successor for the use of the State, and that I con- 
ceive myself particularly Interested in the Transactions of those 
Times, I expect to have the perusal of them. 
I am respectfully. 

Your Honor's most obt. Hble Servt. 
Lachn. Mcintosh 
His Honor The Governor 

^'Letter to Congress on the promotion of General Knox. 77^2."*^ 

Sir It is with pain and regret that I find my self under the disagree- 
able necessity of addressing Congress on a subject so immediately 
interesting to me. 

A period not far distant may be drawn to remembrance in which 
I have by that Honorable Body (whom I serve) been precluded, the 
right of trial by a Court Martial, and suspended their Service upon 
ex parta evidence, a principle in my idea incompatible with the rights 
of your Army and a total subvertion of that institution formed 
for their Government which will appear by a reference to your 

40. This letter is a recent acquisition and was not one of the original col- 
lection of Mcintosh papers in this library. 

41. The letter is in the hand of Edward Telfair with corrections in the 
hand of Mcintosh. A previous letter on this subject entitled, "Copy of Letter 
Intended for Congress from Genls. Moultrie & Mcintosh on the promotion 
of Knox & Duportail, 1779," is in the Force Georgia Transcripts, Library of 
Congress. 

106 



Records, it is true the sentance upon my application for a hearing 
has been reversed, and I have been restored to my rank. 

The respect and veneration I hold for Congress, my masters, in- 
duced me to wave the injury and to appeal to their rectitude in future 
to do me justice. 

I am at loss to find what I could do since to deserve their Censure 
& am sorry to understand that in spite of all my efforts and Labour, 
in their Service, that I find myself once more compelled to call 
upon them for justice, having been deprived of my right in the line 
of promotion, and must now sit down with additional attacks on my 
feelings, and what I may add an indirect stab on my reputation. 

To enumerate my exertions to the South to the North, or to the 
West, or to pass any incomiums on my own conduct would be pre- 
sumption. I shall leave this to the officers who commanded me, and 
whom I commanded, it is needless to add to this sad cattaloge, my 
family being drove from place to place before the enemy many 
hundred miles, without any means to convey them, and have been 
obliged to submit to the bounty of such as might wish to assist, 
and are now in the State of Virginia, in a Situation that may be 
pretty easily figured from the above detail - long Six Years have I 
been in your service, and during that time only a few weeks in the 
whole period without being in Actual duty, and since my arrival 
in this City I have lived in Barricks (and not withstanding the advice 
of my Friends) could not submit to trouble your Excellency, on 
the subject of relief, not wishing to ask any partial advance out of 
the common channel of supplies. 

My fortune once independant, is now become of no value to me, 
my personal property owing to the ravage of the enemy in the State 
of Georgia, lost and destroyed, and from it I can hope for no relief 
until the enemy shall evacuate that State. 

After giving your a State of my case I shall submit to Congress 
the legality of my Claim, and make no doubt but that I shall have 
justice done me, and that my promotion and rank will be restored, 
in such a way as Congress may in their Wisdom see fit, 

I have the honor to be 
Sir your mo obt. & very hble. St. 

[The following note in Mcintosh's hand is on back of this letter:] 

We find. 

That Congress careful of doing equal Justice in the Rank of the 
Officers of their Army have passed the following Resolves 2 2d. Feby. 
1777. That such Officers (Brigadiers) as are in the Continental Service 
take Rank according to the date of their Commissions & the Rank 
they held in the Army at the time of their Promotion, & that such 

107 



as do not hold Continl. Commissions stand after them in the order 
in which they are Elected. 

That this Resolve became the fixed Rule & principle upon which 
the Rank of all the Officers in the Army have been Settled Since. 

That upon this Principle a Board of all the General Officers in 
the Main Army held by order of His Excelly. the Commander in 
Chief at the Valley For^e in March 1778, settled (among many other of- 
ficers) the Ranks of Brigadiers Woodford Muhlenburg Scot & Weedon 
of the Virginia Line. And That Congress by their Resolve of the 
19th. Day of the Same Month approved of the Report of the General 
Officers altho it Reversed the orders of the Promotion of these 
Brigadiers made by Congress themselves & their former Commissions 
were Cancelled. By which it was Confirmed thereafter as the Estab- 
lished Rule of Promotion in the Army; nor would Congress alter 
this Act of Justice afterwards upon the Application of Genl. Weedon 
on the 1 8th, Aug. 1778. 

That by Resolve of 24th. Novr. 1778 this mode was further con- 
firmed and Adopted by Congress as a General rule of promotion & 
Settling Rank in the whole army which had been attended with 
so much Dificulty, & to be uniformly pursued thereafter, except in 
Cases of extraordinary & distinguished Merit. Prisoners of War by 
this Act are not to loose their right of Promotion. 

"Copy of the Examination before the Committee of Assembly respect- 
ing G. Walton & R. Hoivley Certified. ijS^. Respecting Hoidy 
& WaltorCs infamous Conduct &c." 

Savannah i8th. January 1783.*^ 
Sir, The enclosed proceedings of certain Persons who assumed and 
exercised the Executive powers of Government in this State, for the 
last four or five weeks of the Year 1779 is humbly submitted to the 
consideration of the House, as those concerned are chiefly now here. 
I am possessed of Proofs, and ready to produce them, to shew the 
whole assertions were false, with respect to myself, and that their 
dependance chiefly lay in reviving old Animositys and partys which 
had happily long Subsided. That the Executive who acted during 
my Stay in the State, the Speaker, the House of Assembly, the Citizens 
at large, and the whole of the Army, which was my particular De- 
partment, as well Militia as Regulars, deny any knowledge, or con- 
cern in the Transaction, but on the Contrary, most of them have 
Voluntarily declared, while I was a Prisoner, and absent, their abhor- 



42. Entire copy, except the signatures of John Wilkinson, is in Mcintosh's 
hand. A copy is in the Force Greorgia Transcripts, Library of Congress. 

108 



rence of the attempt when it first Transpired, and the Speaker asserts 
the Letter ascribed to him to be a flagrant Forgery. 

How far the Dignity of the State they Represented, the High 
Trust and Confidence placed in them, their Oaths of Office, the 
strongest tye to secure their integrity, and the Liberty and Security 
of the Citizen, the sole end of Govemmt. which we struggled so long 
and hard for, have been betrayed, and exposed by these persons, and 
what reparation is due to the Individual who has been injured un- 
justly in the Name of the State, which he was Serving with all his 
Might at the time, is submitted to the Wisdom and Consideration 
of the House, and whether, it is practicable to bring our Rulers to 
Account, if they should be Combined in the most iniquitous conduct. 

I have endeavoured in Vain to procure for the use of the House, 
the rest of the Proceedings of that short and Turbulent period, which 
I was informed were chiefly Transacted in a Small private Clubb of 
Select Members, and kept secrete also, and that they were afterwards 
carryed to Philadelphia for certain purposes. I am certain they were 
possessed of Money enough at the time to have Secured them. 

I have the Honor to be with the greatest respect Sir, 

Yr. most obt. Humble Servt. 
Lachn. Mcintosh. 

The Honle. N. W. Jones 

Speaker of the Honle. House of Assembly. 

The following is the Examination and enquiry made by Wm. Gib- 
bons Senr., Wm. Few, and James Jackson, the Committee chosen by 
the House of Assembly to whom was referred the above Letter of the 
1 8th. Jany. from General Mcintosh with its Inclosure. Viz. 

General Twiggs says. He served under the Command of General 
Mcintosh before, and at the Siege of Savannah in the Year 1779, and 
that he heard of no complaint at that time against General Mcintosh 
by either the Militia or Continentals, on the Contrary, General Sat- 
isfaction was given by said General Mcintosh as far as he knows, 
and that he was a Member of the Assembly that Sat at Augusta in 
November following, and while he attended he remembers of no 
Act, or Resolve passed to the prejudice of Genl. Mcintosh, that 
during that Session he was appointed one of the Council, but to the 
best of his knowledge attended only once, and at that time heard 
nothing respecting Genl. Mcintosh's Conduct, this he Says, he is 
ready to testify on Oath if required. General Twiggs and Colo. Mid- 
dleton both say they know nothing of a Committee of the Assembly 
being appointed to write Congress. 

109 



Colo. R. Aliddleton farther Says, and declares upon honor and 
if necessary will on Oath, that while he was a Member of the Execu- 
tive Council at Augusta the latter part of the Year 1779, which was 
during the whole of George Walton's Administration, they had 
no interuptions in their Councils from the Enemy, & were free from 
any Alarms by their partys, who were kept at a distance from Au- 
gusta by Bland's and Parker's Regiments and Detachments of Militia 
of this State, that he generally attended the Council and Assembly 
when they Sat, and that while he was Present, no Act, or Resolution 
had passed in either, that tended, or could any way be Construed 
to the prejudice of General Mcintosh, nor any Representation made, 
or directed to be made to Congress Respecting the General by the 
Legislature or Executive, nor any Complaints made to either, by the 
Citizens, or the Aiilitary during his Stay in the State, but on the 
contrary to his own knowledge was universally esteemed and Re- 
spected, except by George Walton, whom he Says, he often heard 
declare, that he would have the General removed, and General Elbert 
promoted in his room, but for what reason, or the difference between 
them, he could not be informed, and frequent attempts were made 
in Council when he (Middleton) was present, and Mr. Walton and 
Mr. Howley present in it, to have the General Represented as Ob- 
noxious, but could never be carried in Council against Genl. Mcintosh, 
and that he could not in Justice and by his Oath of Office help declar- 
ing, that as he (Middleton) was Colonel of one of the three Militia 
Regiments remaining then in the State, was with the General at the 
Siege of Savannah in September & October where he observed his 
particular attention to his Countrymen the Georgians, and that he 
was under his Command from the time he came from the Main Army 
at the Northward untill he left the State with his Family after the 
Siege, and never knew an Officer to give more general Satisfaction to 
the Militia and Continentals in all that time. 

Colonel (Elijah) Clark (who commands all the Militia of Wilks 
County) Says, that he never was immediately under the Command 
of General Mcintosh, but he has often heard the Officers and Men 
of his Regiment who were under his (the General's) Command at 
the Siege of Savannah frequently applaud the Conduct of Genl. Mc- 
intosh. 

Colonel (Stephen) Herd Says, he knows nothing of the Letter 
said to be wrote by William Glascock (as Speaker) 30th. November 
1779; he was a Member of the Assembly in November 1779, but does 
not recollect how long he Continued in the Assembly, and during 
his continuance in the Assembly he does not recollect any matter 
being aggitated respecting General Mcintosh, that while a Councelor 

110 



he heard of no Accusation in Council respecting Gen, Mcintosh, but 
in a Conversation with General (then Colonel) Twiggs, he said the 
People were disatisfyed that Genl. Mcintosh should Command them 
as Commanding Officer, and the only reason given, was, he lodged 
at the House of Mr. McLean, and kept his Company and at that time 
there was no Act of this State against Mr. McLean; he knows of no 
Committee of the Assembly in November 1779. he knows of no Com- 
mittee of the Assembly in November 1779. being appointed to write 
to Congress, or of any Letter being Sent from that Assembly to Con- 
gress; that there was a Letter wrote by Mr. Walton to Congress, ap- 
proved by such Members of Council as were then present, but who 
they were, or how many he does not recollect. 

True Extract 

John Wilkinson C.G.A. 

Captain Lucas (of the Georgia Line of the Army) Says, he was 
at Philadelphia at the time the arrangement is dated, and his Name 
Subscribed without his knowledge, or consent, he Acted as Aid to 
General Mcintosh at the Siege of Savannah; he heard of no disatis- 
faction of any of the Troops under his Command, but the greatest 
harmony both of Officers and Privates while under his Command, 
that Genl. Mcintosh left Georgia by order of Genl, Lincoln about 
the 15th. October 1779, & to the best of his knowledge never had 
any Command in Georgia Since; he (farther) Says, at the Siege, on 
the application of Genl. Mcintosh to the Militia for Horses for the 
Use of the French Army, they most Chearfully gave up their Horses, 
although application had been made before, and was not granted; that 
the Militia turned out Chearfully on every Occation, particularly 
to work in the Trenches, 

See Captain Lucas's Declaration. 

Capt. Lucas and Capt. Jo Day as a Committee from the Continl. 
Officers of the Georgia Line, delivered the following declaration 
to the Chairman: vizt. 

The Officers of the Georgia Continental Line, Imp'itient on hear- 
ing the Malitious and Scandalous Attacts on the Character of the 
Honle. Brigr. Genl. Mcintosh, begg Leave to declare to this Com- 
mittee, that they ever have had, and do Still retain the highest respect 
for the General as a Gentleman, and approbation of his Conduct as 
an Officer, and that there is not an Officer on the Continent that 
thev would prefer to the General to Command them; that they 
had Served under him at different times, and on Various Occasions, 
before the General went to Join the Northern Army, others of us 
after his return from thence to this State, and at the Siege of Savan- 

111 



nah, and Charlestown, that he Commanded the Right Wing of the 
American Army (which included all the Militia then in this State) 
at the first, and the North and South Carolina Militia at the last, 
and that they neither did themselves, nor heard any other part of 
the Army, either Regulars or Militia, who Served under the General 
manifest in any Shape, or express the most distant dislike to him 
as a Gentleman, or an Officer; and they solemnly declare for them- 
selves, and all those who were under their immediate Command, 
that they had ever^' reason to be Satisfied with him in both these 
Characters. 

Savannah the 20th. January 1783. 

John Habersham Majr. C. Collins Lt. 

S. Elbert, Colo. Arthur Hays Lt. 

John Lucas Capt. & A D C to J. P. Waggnon Lt. 
Gl. Mcintosh Jos. Pannill Lt. Colo. 

John Milton Capt. Geo. Handley Capt. 

Edw. Cowan Lt. Jo. Day Capt. & A D C. 

Christo. Hillary Lt. to do. 

Fr. Tennill Lt. J. DuCoine Lt. 

Jno. Mcintosh Lt. Colo. F. Shick Lieut. 

P. Low, Major Nat. Pearre Lt. 

Wm. Aiclntosh Capt. (19 in all) 

(the Committee are farther refered to the declaration of the Georgia 
Officers dated at Augusta 17th. May 1780, General Lincoln's Letter 
dated Charlesto. 2 2d. May 1780, & the declaration of Colo. Parker's 
and Colo. Bland's Officers, & others of the Virga. Line). 

Major Deveaux Says, he was Present and saw Wm. Glascock Esqr. 
sign the Letter dated 12th. May 1780, to the President of Congress 
(see Letter) and at the same time (he Glascock) declared he never 
knew the Letter of the 30 November 1779 being wrote, nor gave 
any person Authority to Sign the same; Mr. Deveaux further Says, 
that he was a Member of the Assembly in January 1780, attended 
constantly, and never Saw the Minutes of the November proceed- 
ings, nor a Copy of any such Letter as was said to be sent by Wm. 
Glascock to Congress. 

Mr. Weriat refers the Committee to his declaration at Augusta 
I St. June 1780, (which see) 

Saml. Stirk, (Secretary of Walton's Council) Says, he remembers 
the Arangement of the Georgia Regiment, and the Letter from Gen- 
eral Elbert to Mr. Walton (Governor) but knows nothing of the 
Letter from George Walton to Congress, nor the Letter of the 30th. 
November 1779 Signed Wm. Glascock, untill the Summer following, 
he saw a Copy Mr. Glascock had, when he also Saw the Letter 

112 



dated 12th. May 1780. That the day General Elberts Letter (to the 
Governor) was read (in Council) Mr. Walton on looking at the 
directions said, he General Elbert had acknowledged the Executive 
Authority of the State, and that he Mr. Walton said he had made 
General Mcintosh, and he would be Damned if he would not break 
him; Mr. Stirk (farther) Says, General Mcintosh was not in this 
State at that time, nor had any Command in Georgia after the Siege 
of Savannah; he does not recollect whether all the Persons named were 
Present in Council on the 12th. December 1779. The Resolves of 
Assembly respecting the Arrangement, General Elbert's Letter, with 
the Arrangement signed by the Officers, and the Resolves (of Coun- 
cil) respecting the same, were brought in by Mr. Walton; the last 
three Resolves of 12th. Deer. 1779 were brought into Council 
Seperately, by, and in the hand writing of Mr. G. Walton; he (fur- 
ther) says, (that) he acted as Secretary to Mr. John Houstoun when 
Governor, and that all Letters of a Public Nature were brought into 
Council by him, but that neither the Letter said to be from Wm. 
Glascock, nor Mr. Walton's, to the best of his knowledge were 
brought into Council, that General Elbert was the oldest Officer of 
the Georgia Line at that time in the State (General Mcintosh being 
in So. Carolina) and was at Augusta during the sitting of the Assembly 
in November 1779, and the remainder of that Year, and that they 
had no Alarms there during all that time. 

John Hardy, was summon' d, but did not appear. 

John Bilbas, was dead. 

George Walton, did not appear before the Committee upon being 
Summoned, but sent the following Letter, vizt. 

Savannah 21st. January 1783. 
Sir, I had the Honor to receive the Note which the Committee did 
me the favor to write on Yesterday, announcing their Session at Mr. 
Peak's at 5' o'clock. Having not seen General Mcintosh's Letter to 
the Speaker, or informed as to the object of the references, I feel 
myself at a Loss what kind of information is wanting. If the question 
concerns only the Letter transmitted by me to Congress in 1779; 
the Memorial which I laid before that body, in the Year following 
contains all I have to Say upon that Subject. 

But, if it is meant to enquire, whether there existed, at the time 
of Sending that Letter, the Aversion to Genl. Mcintosh's Command, 
as mentioned; I say, that it can be better Ascertained, by examining 
the Officers of the Militia then commanding. With respect to the 
foederal Officers, it was well known that the Commanding one. 
Colonel Richd. Parker, openly Avowed an Aversion to the General's 
taking Command; indeed, he waited upon, and Officially informed me, 

113 



that he should not Submit to it; and added, that he had written to 
the General to that purpose, while at the House of Mr. McLean, 
and gave a reason for not waiting upon him there; the General is 
probably, Yet in possession of that Letter. 

The State of facts alluded to in the Memorial I have Mentioned, 
was to have been founded upon what I have now said; this Com- 
munication, therefore, may be considered as completing the infor- 
mation necessary on my part. 

I will take this Occasion to explain a Mistake. It has been said, that 
the Transactions of 1779, were kept a Secret; on the contrary they 
were enclosed to Gen. Lincoln Commanding Officer of the Depart- 
ment. 

I have the Honor to be Sir, the Committees 
most obt. Servant, 

Geo. Walton 
Directed thus. 

Public Service 
To 

William Gibbons, Senr. Esqr. 
Chairman of the Committee, &ca. 

Richard Howley, appeared before the Committee, but evaded 
]giving any Evidence. 

True Extract 

John Wilkinson C.G.A. 
Philadelphia October i8th. 1780. 
Sir, By the Act of Congress of the 25th. of September on the Report 
of a Committee on Mr. Glascock's Letter & the Memorial of Mr. 
Walton, I am directed to transmit you Copys of the said Act and 
Report with the papers therein refered to, which are inclosed. 
I have the Honor to be, with great Respect, Sir, 

Your most obedient Servant 
Sam. Huntington, president. 
The Honorable Richard Howley Esqr 
The following papers were inclosed. Vizt. 

In Congress September 25th. 1780. 
The Committee to whom were refered the Letter of 12th. May 
1780 from Mr. W. Glaccock, and the Memorial of Mr. Walton Re- 
port. 

"That in the Course of their enquiry respecting the business com- 
mitted to them, they have confered with his Excellency Richd. Howley 
the present Governor of Georgia, and been attended by Mr. George 
Seegar clerk of the General Assembly of the said State, and have 

114 



obtained from each of them a State of facts, to which they begg 
Leave to refer: That it appears that the paper containing the Para- 
graph respecting brigadier General Mcintosh, and dated at Augusta 
in the State of Georgia the 30th. day of November 1779, and purport- 
ing in general to be a Letter or address from the Assembly of that 
State to Congress, did originate in, and ought to be Considered as 
an Act declarative of the Sense of the said Assembly, and that the 
Same was Officially transmitted with other public papers by Col. 
Walton then Governor of that State to the President of Congress 
and together with the proceedings of the said Governor & Council 
contained a Sufficient ground for the Act of Congress of the 15th. 
day of February last for dispensing with the Services of the said 
Brigadier General Mcintosh untill the further order of Congress." 

Resolved, That Congress agree to the said Report. 

Ordered, That a copy of the above report and of the papers refercd 
to, be transmitted to the Governor of Georgia. 
Extract from the Minutes. 
Chas. Thomson Secy. 

Letter from Geo Walton Gov. of Georgia to the President 
of Congress dated Augusta ijth. Deer. ijj^. (Copy) 

Sir, I do myself the Honor to enclose to Congress several resolves 
and proceedings of the Assembly & Executive Council of this State, 
some of which demand their immediate attention. Those which respect 
the reduction of the Brigade & the new Establishment, cannot be de- 
layed without injury to the United States. 

You will perceive that I am ordered to point out to Congress the 
Necessity of their adopting the plan proposed by this State. It is 
needless to run thro' a course of reasoning upon this Subject, when 
our Situation so evidently displays that Necessity. It should at no 
time be forgot, that our State is the Southern frontier, thinly In- 
habited, most extensive in its Limits, and therefore Assailable almost 
on every Side. A Country thus Situated can be defended only by 
Horse. We have no other way of getting them, but by Means of 
Congress; and they are best Judges how they are to be Supplyed. 
In deciding upon this business it should also be remembered, what 
exertions and sacrifices we have made to keep the Country, that 
it ought to be believed we are determined to persevere, and there- 
fore are entitled to every possible Assistance, Independent of those 
great reasons which make it necessary for the general good. So soon 
as Congress shall determine upon the matter it is hoped they will 
immediately advise the State of their proceeding. 

115 



I^^ am also ordered to appologise to Congress for the trouble given 
them respecting Brigadier Genl. Mcintosh, and to assure them that 
a general and settled Aversion has and does prevail. I do not Mean 
to Suspect the integrity of this Officer (for personally I am very 
much his friend) when I say that it is the Practice of Nations not 
to continue any Officer in Command longer than he preserves the 
confidence of the People. 

I am further directed to urge to Congress the expediency of the 
Measures proposed respecting Brigadier General Elbert. I shall only 
say, it will render us great Service. 

The Resolve of thanks to Colonel Parker is a Just tribute to his 
Services, and therefore ought to be known. 

I begg Leave to inform Congress, that Major General Lincoln 
posessses the full confidence of the Government and people of this 
State; and that we believe that no effort within his power has been 
unessayed to Serve and redeem us. 

We have not received the Money in the hands of Mr. Clay & the 
general but expect shortly to do it, but which when received, will 
be by no means equal to the exigencies of our Affairs, and we must 
therefore rely upon other and larger Supplys. 

Delegates will attend Congress as soon as the Season will permit. 

I have the Honor to be Sir 

Yr. most obedient Servant 
Geo Walton 

[To] 

President of Congress. 

I have sent Captain Nash express with these papers, who will wait 
the determination of Congress and hope he will be dispatched so as 
(to) return during the Sitting of the Assembly the beginning of the 
ensuing Year. Sufficient money to defray his Expences I request may 
be advanced to him. G. W. 



Memorial of Geo Walton, done at Philadelphia the 7th. day of 
September 1780. & directed to His Excellency the President of Con- 
gress, was read in Congress Sept. 8th. 1780. See Copy taken by Mr. 
Few. 

Memorial of Richd. Howly, was Stolen, see Copy by Mr. Few.** 



43. Mcintosh has marked this paragraph with the symbol of a pointing 
finger. 

44. Memorials of Walton and Howley are in "Papers of the Continental 
Congress," No. 73, folios 270^72, 279-80 in the National Archives. 

116 



Letter from Wm. Glascock Speaker of the Assembly of Georgia 
dated Augusta 30th. November 1779. See Certifyed Copy. 

Letter from Wm. Glascock, Augusta May 12th. 1780. Read Septr. 
6th. 1780. contained in a cover Superscribed His Excellency, Saml. 
Huntington Esquire president of the Continental Congress, Phila- 
delphia. 

Letter from Geo. Seegar, to the Committee of Congress to whom 
was refered the Letter of Wm. Glascock, dated Phila. 9th. Septr. 
1780. 

And the Proceedings of the Council of Georgia, Augusta December 
1 2th. 1779. 

were all the papers delivered by Mr. Howly to the Committee of 
the Assembly. 

True Extract from the Original Papers laid before the Committee. 

John Wilkinson C. G. A. 

"Report of the Conmtittee on Gen. McIntosJfs Letter & inclosure, 

I St. Feby '^5." 

House of Assembly February ist. 1783.^^ 

The Order of the day being Call'd for. when the House taking 
the Report of the Committee to whom was refered a letter from 
Brigadier Genl. Mcintosh, with its Inclosures, and after some Amend- 
ments agreed to the following. Viz. That they have examined Such 
Papers and Persons as have been offered by different Parties from 
which it appears that the Resolves of Council dated Augusta twelfth 
of December One thousand Seven hundred & Seventy nine and the 
letter from the Governor to the President of Congress dated fifteenth 
December One thousand Seven hundred & Seventy nine, respecting 
the General were unjust, lUiberal, and a misrepresentation of facts, 
That the Letter said to be from William Glascock Speaker of the 
Assembly, dated thirtieth November One thousand Seven hundred 
Seventy nine. Addressed to the President of Congress, appears to your 
Committee to be a forgery in Violation of Law and truth, and 
highly injurious to the interest of the State, and dangerous to the 
rights of its Citizens, and that the Attorney General be ordered to 
make the necessary enquiries, and enter such Prosecutions as may 
be Consistent with his office and duty. Resolved That General Mc- 
intosh be informed that the House do entertain an abhorrence of 
all such ungenerous Attempts made use of as appears by the Papers 
laid before them to injure the Character of an Officer and Citizen 

45. In Wilkinson's hand. 

117 



of this State who merits the Attention of the Ligislature for his 
early, decided and Persevering efforts in the defence of America, 
which Virtues this house have the highest Sense of. 
Extract from the Minutes. 
John Wilkinson C. H. A. 

''Copys of Letters [illegible] SiC from Covrmittee 
of Officers J any. I'jSf' 

8th. February, [1783] 
Sir, The Committee of Continental Officers for the Georgia Line 
rather than dishonour their Constituents by puting them on a footing 
with such as have Bowed their Necks to the British Yoke, have 
parlyed at any time with them for Interest or favor, taken their 
protection, or infamous Oaths, sought the pardon of their Commis- 
sioners, or have been dugg out of their Trenches & Forts, would wish 
to withdraw the application they have made, and depend upon the 
Honor, the Justice & the gratitude of other States, who have a due 
Sense of the invaluable priviledges the Army have acquired for them. 
The Committee of Officers can easily observe those who early 
fled from danger to secure their property, or taken every advantage 
of the times to make fortunes, to be the most averse to do common 
Justice to their more deserving fellow Citizens, the Militia, whose 
favor every one seems to Court as they have Session in the House, 
and can deal all things at their own pleasure, have turned out oc- 
casionally as it suited them for their own advantage, & if they had 
the Liberality & Spirit of freemen would require no other reward, 
and the only small State Corps we ever had for a short time were 
amply rewarded with Negroes taken by themselves in prompt pay, 
& their Commanding Officer with the sum of  [blank] the Com- 
missioners of Confiscated Estates for a few days Service, have about 
jCj,ooo & even their common Cryer is allowed /loo to be paid him 
in Confiscated Property at the Sterling Value in the very Manner 
we required, as we found our State were unable to pay the Cash 
which is Justly due to us & would at this time be of Ten times the 
Value. 

[The following letters are on the back of the preceding one.] 

Sir, I wish to have the Honor of Introducing Colo. George Rootes 
to the Notice of the House, who is recommended by some of the 
first Characters as a Man of Influence & ability. Colo. Roots and 
Major Willis are sent as Deputies from the farming Countys of Berkly 
Frederick, Shanando & Hampshire in Virginia, & propose bringing 

118 



in three hundred Families next fall, each of whom shall at Least have 
one good Gun Man & well armed, providing they can have Lands 
Secured to them - the Colo. Himself will best explain to the House 
the encouragement they wish to receive 

[To Lyman Hall] 

Sir, We have waited impatiently for the return of Col. Eusta[ce] 
whom your Honors predecessor Govr, Martin Sent to East Florida 
to demand the Slaves Horses & other property plundered from this 
State contrary to the agreement entered into by him & Gov. Tonyn. 
We are now at Length informed by Mr. Jno. Morrel that our Slaves 
(who were taken in a Small row Boat, while Left high & dry upon 
a Sand Bank by the Tide as they were removing from one plantation 
to another) were Condemned at their Court of Admiralty, which 
we gave positive directions not to Submit to upon any account as 
we deemed ourselves altogether Strangers & Aliens to their Laws their 
Customs & their Courts, nor shall any consideration ever induce us 
to begin or introduce a Practice that will put it in the power of 
unprinciple[d] Robbers to draw our Citizens to a Submission which 
would reflect the highest dishonour upon the Dignity & the Sovereignty 
of our State 

Colo. Clarke, ourselves & others who have been plundered only 
wish & desire to know from your Honor whether the Contract (which 
originated with themselves) & solemnly entered into by the two 
Countrys is still binding upon our State or not. the Deputys who 
were first sent to St. Augustine positively assert & declare the inland 
Navigation was expressly included in the agreement, [illegible] written 
which it wou'd be of no avail as most of our Plant [ation] s were on 
some water, that they mentioned it particularly to Governor Tonyn 
who replyed that the whole was fully inserted in the Letter he sent 
by them, & in Consequence thereof Govr. Martin has shewn us Com- 
missions he has given Since precluding Vessels from making prizes 
within the Sea Islands or in Rivers as well as from the Shore, and 
discouraged Privateers of other States whom he had no Jurisdiction 
over from sending such prizes in here. We are sorry to observe the 
same Candour has not been observed on the Side of Governor Tonyn, 
in all his Letters he appears to be studiously evasive on this part of 
the Treaty, which seems to be confirmed by the continued practices 
of Deveaux, Manson, & others by Water & Land, & the encouragement 
they meet with. 

119 



A Case in Poi7it*^ 

"Savannah, May 23, 1742 
"Mr. Thomas Jones was at the Southward when he was indicted 
by the Grand Jury, and on the 3d. of this Instant there was a Court 
to be holden at Savannah, and Mr. Jones came in order to have taken 
his place upon the Bench; which thing would have been objected 
against by all the people in the Town; neither would any Man serve 
as Grand or Petty Jurors, while Mr. Jones sat on the Bench, till he 
had first taken his Trial, and cleared himself of the charge laid against 
him." 

A true copy taken from the History of those times by 

Hercules Wormwood. 

The above extract is recommended to the serious consideration of 
every Juror who has any regard for his own honor or his Country's 
reputation, also to look into the Minutes of the House of Assembly 
published in the last paper and then say if George Walton is a proper 
person to sit in Judgment. 
Savannah 3rd. March 1783. 

[Endorsed:] read this and consider 

"Copy of Genl. Greens orders ^oth. June ijS^, ivith Memorandums.^' 
Extract from General Orders*'^ 

Head Quarters Charles Town 
May 14th. 1783 

The pay master of each corps, and the heads of the Staff depart- 
ments will present to the pay Master General as soon as they can, 
a Subsistance Account for rations due to the Officers acting either 
in the Line or the Staff; from the first of January 1782 to the Thirty 
first of December following, and a Subsistence Account, from the 
first of January 1783 to the Twentieth of February following. 

Rations drawn to be charged at nine pence half penny Pensylvania 
Currency; Each officer must be charged with the rations he has 
drawn, and credited with one ration as a gratuity which it is supposed 
Congress will allow to the Officers for those drawn in 1782. The 
pay Masters and heads of Departments, must also Collect a just 
state of each Officers account with the Clotheer Quarter Master 
and Commissary which are to be deducted from the amount of the 

46. Bears note in Mcintosh's hand: "A Case in Point May 1742. by 
Hercules Wormwood 3d. March 1783." A copy is in the Force Georgia 
Transcripts, Library of Congress. 

47. In hand of E. Edwards. 

120 



ration and Subsistance accounts, after which the Ballances which 
may appear to be due, the Pay Master General will discharge by 
Bills; and if it should be found that any Officers have drawn more 
then the amount of their ration and Subsistance accounts that the 
Ballance be transmitted to the pay Master General to be settled at 
a future Day (this is Done for the relief of the Subalterns who must 
be Distressed to have their Subsistance stopped for the immediate 
Settlement of these Ballances. 

The accounts to be Collected from the Quarter Master General, 
and settled in the subsistance accounts, is not ment to have reference 
to the Forage Department. 

That the Bills drawn for the subsistence of Officers may com- 
mune [commence ?] with the Month, In future the next are to be 
made up to the first of July from the 20th. Instant. 

E Edwards DAG 
Orderly Office 
Camp James Island 
June 30th. 1783 

[The following letters and notes are on the back of this paper.] 

State of So. Carolina. No. 64 
Charlesto. July 2d. 1783. 

Sir, At Sight, pay unto [blank] of the Georgia Battn. or Order, 
Sixty four dollars, being for five Months & one third of a Month 
Subsistance due him from the twentieth Day of Feby. 1783 to the first 
Day of August 1783. 

I am, Sir Your Humble Servt. 

John Sandford Dart 

Dy. pay Master So. Army 
To 

John Pierce Esqr. 
Pay Master Genl. 

Philada. 

Charlestown So. Carolina July the 2 1783 

Exchange for 40 dollars 

At Sixty days after Sight of this my Exchange (the Second of 
the same tenor and Date not yet paid) pay to the order of Captn. 
Jon Lucas of the Georgia Battn. the sum of 40 dollars being for a 
Month's pay advanced him, by order of the Honourable Major- 

121 



General Greene, Commanding Officer, Southern Army; which place 
to the account of said Captn. Lucas 
I am, Sir, 

Yr, Humble Servt. 
John Sandford Dart 

Dy. Pay Master So Army 
To 

John Pierce, Esq 
Pay Master Genl. 
Philadelp[hi]a 

[And the following in Mcintosh's hand.] 

Came to Philadelphia 13th. July 1781. 

Went to Jersey about the beginning of Augt. & returned from 
Camp about the begginning of September 1781, w^hen I found the 
Contract took place, at 10/90 per ratn. prior to the ist. August 1781 
& 9/4/90 afterwards. 

Allowance of Wood. 

Brigadier General 2 Chords per Mo. in Winter, & one Chord in 
Summer 

Colonel 

Lt. Colo. 

Major 

Captain - i Chord in Winter & Yz in Summer 6 Mos. & 6 Mos. 

Subaltern - Yz Chord do. Yt in Summer 

''Affidavit for Wm. Glascock''' [77^2 or nS^Y^ 

State of Georgia 
Chatham County 

William Glascock of Augusta, Richmond County Esquire, ap- 
peared personally, and maketh Oath, That he hath seen, and care- 
fully perused Copys of Memorials from George Walton and Richard 
Howly, and a Letter from George Seegar, addressed to the president 
of Congress, upon his receiving a Letter from the Deponent dated 
Augusta, 1 2th. May 1780, and witnessed by Peter Deveaux Esqr. one 
of the Executive Council, and to the Committee of Congress to whom 
the said Letter from the Deponent was referred, and the Deponent 
most Solemnly declares the whole of his own Letter was true, and 



48. This paper is marked in an unknown hand, "Civil Affairs 1779 Im- 
portant." It is obvious from the context that the date should be later. 
Savannah and Chatham County were occupied by the British from December 
29, 1778, to July 11, 1782. 

122 



contained nothing but facts, that it was signed the day it was dated 
while Mr, Howly was Govr. & at Aug [us] t [a], and that the two 
Memorials above mentioned, with Seegar's Letter, which appears 
to the Deponent to have been Concerted between the authors of them, 
are replete with the grossest falshoods, evasions, and every sentence 
of them distant from the truth, and the deponent cannot help ex- 
pressing his surprise, that his Letter was so long on it's way, and 
that so Wise a Body as Congress could be imposed upon so easily. 
The Deponent thinks, he cannot at this distance of time, and when 
Occurrences were so Complicated, otherwise explain the whole drift, 
and intention of the Transactions of the unfortunate Years 1779 and 
1780 in Georgia, better, than by giving a Short Narrative of the rise, 
and progress of them, as far as he knows. The Deponent therefore Saith, 
that after the new Representatives were Chosen at the general annual 
Election throughout the State in December 1778, and before they 
could Convene, the British from New York took possession of the 
Capital Savannah, and either subdued, or scattered the Inhabitants 
of some of the Counties up the River, and all of those along the Sea 
Coast, which made it impossible for a sufficient Number of Members 
to meet to make a House, or to elect a new Governor and Executive 
for the Ensuing Year 1779, which by the Constitution must be the 
very first business on the first Tuesday of January in everj^ year, 
on which day the preceeding Government always expires, that not- 
withstanding the Day for electing the Civil Officers of the State for 
that year had elapsed, there was repeated efforts made in Vain to 
Collect Members enough to make a House, in order to fall upon 
some other Means of relieving in part the general distresses of the 
times, and at Length in the Month of July, about Twenty five 
Members met at Augusta, but as they were not a House, and yet 
found the necessity of Checking the irregularitys which then too 
much prevailed, they called the Citizens at large in to their assistance 
on the emergency which they would not presume to take upon them- 
selves, and they Jointly Chose a Respectable Executive Council, of 
Nine (who engaged to Serve gratis) to Act for the remaining part 
of that Year, and untill the first Tuesday in January 1780, who were 
Authorised by a great majority of all the people then in the State, 
gave general Satisfaction, and were as happy as any people in their 
Situation cou'd be under their Government. 

Just after this Council were appointed. General Mcintosh returned 
from the Northern Army, after near two years absence from the 
State, with Colonel Parker's Regiment of foot, and Blands Regiment 
of Horse, which greatly raised all their Spirits, reanimated, and 
was a Seasonable Succour, and relief to the few Militia remaining 

123 



then in the State, as their own Line of the Regular Army were en- 
tirely extinct, & annihilated at the unfortunate affairs of Savannah 
and Bryer Creek, but Notwithstanding, the general good Humour and 
harmony which Subsisted during this Short but happy period, be- 
tween all parties and distinctions, Civil and Military, it gave uneasiness 
to some, who Wished to fish in troubled Waters, & had no other 
Element they could be distinguished in; the late turbulent & ambitious 
George Wells first raised a Small party against the Council, which 
was however taken but little Notice of, and hardly known untill 
Richard Howly came from Carolina to his asistance, who after trying 
in Vain every Effort to overset them, pretended at Length to 
applaud & approve highly of all their proceedings. 

In the Month of September the Executive Council with their 
President, and nearly all the Militia of the State ChearfuUy & readily 
followed General Mcintosh to the Siege of Savannah, upon the 
arrival of the Count D'Estaing which the Deponent is informed was 
carried on with the Utmost harmony untill the General was ordered 
into Carolina. 

After that Siege was rased in the Month of October, George Walton 
(who had been Captured when Savannah fell, the latter end of the 
preceeding Year) was exchanged, and immediately made another at- 
tempt against the Council, in which Howly and Wells Joined again, 
he objected to some of the Members of it, as favourable to Torys, and 
Collectively as unconstitutional, and pretended the Utmost danger 
from Citizens among ourselves from discoverys he had made in his 
Captivity and that it was Necessary to call an Assembly without 
delay, which he and his new Associates tryed every Means to Ac- 
complish, but without effect, as the Deponent apprehends, because, 
besides their being Scattered in other States which prevented their 
Meeting on former Occasions, they might think it now, it was so 
late unnecessary, & so near the general Elections by the Constitution, 
which the Council had already advertised to be held in the State, 
as near the usual form as possible, and as the times of the old Members 
would in all probabillity expire before they could A4eet, or do any 
business, yet they persisted, and altho they could not equal in Number 
of Members, those who Met in July, they boldly & peremtorily of 
themselves Condemned the Acting Council, and all their proceed- 
ings as illegal unconstitutional and dangerous to the Liberties of the 
State, they appointed George Walton their Governor for the short 
remainder of the Year, and also a Delegate to Congress, George Wells 
and Richard Howly Counsellors, and ever)^ Matter that was brought 
in, and carried in the House of Assembly, if it might be so called 
(who Chose the Deponent their Speaker) was first Settled, and de- 

124 



termined upon, in a private Club held at Geo. Wells's Lodging, and 
composed of the Governor Elect, the new Counsellors, some Select 
Members of the House & others whom they gained by Offers and 
picked out to Suit their purposes, and prevented the entrance of 
all others, their proceedings were kept in the profoundest Secrecy, 
even from the other Members of the House, except some trifling 
Matters carryed in to Amuse them, which they observing, and dis- 
approving of the Measures after attempting to sit a few days dropt 
off daily, & without doing any thing of Consequence, in a few days 
after the Members Met, they left the Club to themselves, to Act 
as they pleased, which of Course must have got the Sanction of an 
Executive of their own Creation, and of whom they were chiefly 
Composed, and the other Executive Council being Acting in the State 
at the same time Occasioned the most Violent parties and Convulsions. 

Colo. Parker of Virginia who at that time commanded the Con- 
tinentals in the State was in the State with his Regiment & Colonel 
Elbert who had been appointed Brigr. of Militia the same Year by 
some of the Members who tryed to make a House & a prisoner then 
upon parol at Augusta were ofered to be made Major Generals 
alternate others Brigadiers & the Deponent often heard George Walton 
declare he would have General Mcintosh broke! ^^ 

This short & plain recital of facts the Deponent conceives will 
easily Lead to the reasons for Condemning some Citizens and for 
applauding others, and unravell the whole Mystery from it's Sources, 
the Deponent moreover thinks, that Money as well as Ambitious 
projects might be in their View, as he finds a large Sum applyed for 
to Congress in the Letter of [blank] November 1779. falsly ascribed 
to him, the Depont. besides half a Million then in General Lincolns 
hands and room, dollars Lent by the State of So. Carolina for the 
use of this State, & the British General Clinton, at that time daily 
expected with a force which wou[l]d probably overrun two or three 
at least of the Southern States, and ballance the Account. But what- 
ever their secret Motives might be, The Deponent absolutely declares, 
that there was no Committee appointed by the November House 
to write to Congress as the two Memorials assert, unless they mean 
this mixed Club, or Junto of their own forming, of which the De- 
ponent was not a Member as is aledged, and never had admittance to it 
but once, nor did the Deponent ever Authorise any Person to Sign his 
name to any Letter for him to Congress, nor was it ever proposed 
to him, on the Contrary, the Deponent Stayed at and near Augusta 
during the whole Transaction, and untill the next General Election, 



49. This paragraph is written in the margin. 

125 



& for sometime afterwards, & did not go to the Congarees in Carolina 
at that time as the Memorials asserts, The Deponent saith also, that 
there was no Alarms from parties of the Enemy immediately at, and 
for some Months before & after that period as the Memols. afirm, 
they being kept at 40. or 50. miles distance from Augusta by Parkers 
and Blands Regiments and parties of the Militia. 

The Deponent further saith that he was appointed Speaker of the 
next new Assembly the begging [beginning?] of January 1780, at 
Augusta also, and no such Letter as Mr. Seegar aludes to, ever 
appeared to the Deponent's knowledge in the House, nor none of 
the proceedings of what was called a House of Assembly the latter 
part of the preceeding November could be obtained altho' often called 
for, nor was there ever to the Deponent's knowledge any thing 
said, or hinted, in either the November or the January Sessions, in 
a public or in a private manner that could tend in the least to the 
prejudice of General Mcintosh, nor had the General any Command 
in the state of Georgia after the Siege of Savannah. 

''Board Claims lySf 

After the most deliberate and Maturest Consideration the following 
Regulations, and general principles are determin'd and fixed upon, 
always to be adhered to, by this Board, in Liquidating the Several 
Claims or demands that may be brought before them, in order to 
put every Claimt. as nearly as possible upon an equal footing, and to 
do the same Justice to all. 

I St. Whereas by the prevailing custom of giving extensive Credits 
in this State, which proved to be a reciprocal advantage,^" the Planters 
were almost universally in Debt at the Commencement of the Revolu- 
tion, and as they have been harassed and distressed beyond example 
since the beginning of the War, in every part of a frontier State, ex- 
posed on all sides to depredations as we have been, and any 
property which some of them might secure and retain, was rather 
an Expence & burthen, than an advantage to them, which not only 
disabled them from discharging any part of their old Debts, but 
obhged many to add new ones to them. While it is well known the 
most of their Creditors, (who if they exerted themselves, could supply 
the wants & relieve the Necessitys of their Country), lay by, and 
withdrew their asistance. Acting an ignoble Newtrality to se- 
cure the property they had acquired by the Labour & Industry^ of 
their Creditors, and expecting that propertv (whatever turn public 



50. "Benefit" is written above "advantage"; "prefering" above "Acting" 
in manuscript. 

126 



affairs took) would accumulate without risque or trouble by the 
growing Interest thereon, and would undoubtedly as they expected 
make the fortunes of a few at the expense & total ruin of Nine- 
tenths of the Citizens of this State. And whereas the many extra- 
ordinar\' Circumstances produced by our Revolution, could not have 
been expected or foreseen in peaceable Regular Governments, and 
many Laws and customs equitable and right in the one would be the 
most iniquitous & unjust in the other, which is further confirmed 
by the Constant practice of every Court of Justice in Matters of less 
Consequence. 

It is therefore the Unanimous opinion of this Board, that to place 
the Debtors & Creditors, Citizens of this State, as nearly as possible, 
upon an equal footing in their general losses during the late War, 
(altho the latter have much the advantage by having their original 
property secure) that no Interest ought to be added to such principle 
or demanded, or paid upon any Accounts Bonds or other Specialties 
or any Debts whatever Contracted before the 4th July 1776. And, 
as the public in which every individual are Interested, is entitled to 
the same Justice which it is the duty of this Board to have done, they 
have agreed^^ that the Same Rate shall be observed in all Claims 
or demands whatsoever brought aginst this State which had their rise 
prior to the said 4 July 1776. 

2d. And whereas the Interest upon Debts contracted since that 
period is evidently of a more intricate and delicate Nature, when 
some began to Speculate upon the distresses of their Country and 
fellow Citizens, while others with a Noble and disinterested Zeal 
supported both to the Utmost of their Ability, which deserves very 
diferent Consideration & treatment, and which it is probable the 
Legislature had in View in theii' Instructions for Settling public 
Accounts by Leaving the Interest to the discretion and Judgement of 
the Auditor & this Board, altho they [were] minutely particular in 
every thing else. It is therefore the further oponion of this Board, 
that the Interest upon any Accots. Claims or demands since the 4th. 
day of July 1776, shall be allowed or not according to Circumstances, 
their Respective Merits, and the Justice due to each. 

^d. It is farther agreed^- upon by this Board, that all Accounts 
Claims and demands in Georgia Money at 5/. to the Dollar, prior 
to the [blank] when the State adopted the British mode of calculating 



51. "put" is written above "place," "Principle" above "property," and 
"resolved" above "agreed" in manuscript. 

52. In the following three paragraphs "resolved" is written above "agreed," 
"Standard" above "method," "the former" above "each," "Resolved" above 
"And," and "the Enemy" above "them" in the manuscript. 

127 



our Accounts 4/8 to the dollar, be reduced to our present Method 
by deducting 6-2/3 P^r cent from each. 

4th, Resolved That every person who do not produce Vouchers 
to the Satisfaction of the Board shall have the following Oath ad- 
ministered to them. Vizt. the Oath [Not included here] 

5th. Resolved that all Accounts claims & demands which had their 
rise during the late British usurpation, between those who remained 
with them, had taken their Oaths or protection, or were on each part 
British Subjects shall be paid no Regard to, further regulations shall 
be made as a Necessity for them occurs. 

21. Novr. 83. 
Present. &ca. 

6th. & Whereas some persons concerned in Trade as partners 
either in a general or any particular branch or branches of Commerce, 
have Apparently Seperated before, or during the late War, part of 
the concerned having remained wth. or Joined the Enemy, while 
the other part Stayed with the Americans,* which Conduct the Board 
do not pretend to Condemn in the Lump, but as it appears to them 
extremely Suspicious, & too interested in a Contest which required 
the utmost exertions of every Individual* whereby the good Citizens 
of this State became Lyable to prosecutions on both Sides for the same 
Contracts, and many of them Actually have been unjustly distressed 
by that means during the late Usurpation of the British, & whereby 
also our Laws have been evaded, and the State is still Lyable to be 
defrauded by transferring or Exchanging Debts between British Sub- 
jects and the Citizens of this or any other of the United States; or 
by dividing the property or Debts of such Copartnerships so as to 
frustrate the good intentions of the Act of Confiscation^^ by Leaving 
what was imovable to the one while the rest was carried off. It is 
therefore the opinion of this Board, that any Accounts claims or 
Demands brot. in by any person or persons (Citizens of the United 
States) against any who have been concerned in trade with him, or 
her or them & remained with or Joined the British before or 
during the War & their propert)^ forfeited in this State; nor any 
other, which has an appearance of transferring or conveying the Value 
of such forfeited property away to any part of the British Dominions 
shall be allowed untill the Legislature determines upon so Delicate 
a Subject. 

7th. Whereas by the Act which constitutes this Board Certificates 
for provision & other Necessarys for the Army are directed to be 

 The portion between the asterisks is crossed out in the original. 
53. In this paragraph "Laws of this State" is written above "Act of 
Confiscation," and "no" above "any" in manuscript. 

128 



laid before the said Board in the first instance, which is presumed 
to be an oversight through a MultipHcity & hurry of other business 
in the Legislature, as it is taking great part of the business of the 
Auditor General out of his hands. It is therefore the opinion of the 
Board, that all such Certificates be first presented to & go through 
the examination of the Auditor General and he to refer any of them 
afterwards with his remarks if he thinks it necessary, to this Board, 
which will be a double Security that the public is not injured, and 
the better to prevent imposition as much as may be as well as un- 
necessary trouble it is recommended to him to get and examine the 
Accounts of the Commissary & qr. Masters General & those at the 
head of other departments first who ought to be answerable for the 
Conduct of those whom they have appointed, their Authority or 
Necessity of making such appointments, and to insert all these 
smaller Accounts which are rendered to them if Just in their General 
Account to appear at one View, & be a proper Check upon all other 
Accounts that may appear of an improper Nature. 

8. If it so happens that no more than one or two of the Commis- 
sioners meet they are to sit on the days & hours appointed, and are 
to receive Accounts & Claims examine Vouchers see the parties [il- 
legible] but cannot pass any or determine any other essential business 
with[ou]t the approbation of three of the Board at Least. Any 
General business must have the approbation of 4. of the Board as their 
effects are so extensive. 

''Coppy of Address from the Officers ipth. March ^84. 
With Ansiver" 
At a meeting of a Number of the Officers of the Georgia Line on 
the 19th, day of March 1784. On Motion made, That Major Genl. 
Mcintosh be allowed the first Choice of Lands reserved for the Offi- 
cers & Soldiers of the Line aforesaid. 

Resolved, That it is the Unanimous opinion of this Meeting that 
the General from his unwearied attention & perseverance for the In- 
terest of the Officers & Soldiers under his Command, Merit their 
Warmest Acknowledgements, Therefore begg Leave to return him 
their Thanks, in behalf of themselves their Brother Officers & Soldiers, 
And request that he will honor them so far as to accept of the first 
Choice of the Lands reserved for the Said Line. 

G Handly Major G. Melvin, Major 

J. Milton Major Elisha Miller, Captain 

F. Tennill, Capt. Edw. Cowan, Capt. 

Cor. Collins, Lt. Ar. Hays, Lt. 

Chr. Hillary, Lt. 

129 



Ordered, That Major Handley & Capt. Cowan be requested to wait 
on his Honor Genl. Alclntosh with the foregoing Resolution, 

Gentn. I am most Sensibly Affected & feel the very Polite & kind 
address vou sent me this day by your Committee for which please 
to accept mv Sincere & heartiest Thanks, the plaudit of my fellow 
Soldiers who have been the Companions & Witnesses of my Toils 
Travels & Sufferings throughout a Long War, is more grateful! to 
me than that of the whole World besides & the best reward for my 
Labour, but you much overate Gentn. the Small Services I have 
been able to render the brave Men to whom the United States are 
so much Indebted, and I am sorry to add, so ungratefully and un- 
justly Neglected & ill rewarded. My inclinitation as well as my duty 
always impells me to attempt every thing in my power, and only 
regret that I can do no more for them, nor do I desire to have any 
preference myself beyond the poorest Soldier, and Value that you 
have been generously & Politely pleased to honor me with,* only 
as it is a lasting Mark of your Attachment, friendship & Esteem. 

I have the honor to be Gent. 

Yr most obt. Hble Servt. 
L Mcintosh M. Genl. 
19th. March 84. 
To the Gentn. of the Contl. Army 

Marine & Gallies belonging to the State of Georgia, 
this was a preference to run his bounty Lands before any other. 
[Mcintosh's note] 

[The following notes in Mcintosh's hand are on the above letters 
and the cover of the original letter from the Officers, which was 
endorsed to "The Honble Major Genl. Mcintosh, Savannah."] 

"M Genl. Mcintosh is Entitled 

1 1 00 Acres from Congress 

HOC Acres from the State 800 

2200 Acres 100. 
330 



900. 

2530 
900 

3430. 

"General Mcintosh is Entitled to the following Lands. 

1 1 00 Acres from Congress. 

130 



1 1 oo Acres from the State. 
800 Acres for his son Major L Mcintosh deceased makes 

3,000 Acres and 

450 Acres, for 15 per Ct. allowed upon the whole by the Assembly 
'84 - in one Warrant, makes 

3,450 Acres altogether, entitled to a preferrence. 

"Note, the General Lent a Certificate of 850 Acres Land to an 
Officer for a particular purpose, which was to be returned in Cer- 
tificates for the Same quantity of Lands, again & which ought to 
have the same priviledges, as he is bent upon keeping them in his 
Family, for this distinguished Mark of Preference from his Brothers 
Soldiers." 

"Address of the Officers of the Georgia Line of the Army, 19th. 
March '84 - Ne quid nimis - too much is not good." 

^'Instructions for Delegates Cincinnati. ^'^'^ 

Instructions to be observed by the Delegates Sent by the Society 
of the Cincinnati of the State of Georgia to Represent them in the 
General Society to be held in the City of Philadelphia the first Mon- 
day in May next or any other time and place they may adjourn to. 
Gentlemen. 

As the obtaining Justice for the Late army in their pay, ar- 
rears of Pay, Service [?] Cloathing, Commutation of half pay, and 
other Emoluments repeatedly and Solemnly promised to them must 
be a Capital Consideration in the General Society you are directed 
to Consult and join in every proper Mode that can be devised for 
that purpose that the distressed Soldier may no longer Suffer by 
delaying the Small Reward due to him for his past Toils and sufferings 
from such States as may be so ungrateful and unjust themselves, or 
retard others from makeing them good. 

You will please to enquire if the Officers promoted by Resolve 
of Congress of the 30th. September 1783 are thereby entitled to the 
additional bounty of Lands and Commutation of half Pay according 
to their present Ranks respectively, as it is conceived this was the 
intention of the Honble. the Congress as a small Gratuity and ac- 
knowledgement for the Long and faithful Services of the oldest 
Servants of the Public after their pay and other emoluments ceased, 



54. This paper is not in Mcintosh's hand though the second signature 
Is his. John Milton's signatures are in his own hand. 

131 



and also how, or when the Commutation is to be Settled upon some 
permanent footing. 

You will receive herewith the whole proceedings of our State So- 
ciety from its Commencement with our by-Laws Certifyed by the 
Secretary for the information and Correction of the General Society; 
if in any of them we have deviated from the Original Institution. 
You are also well acquainted with the Objections made to the whole 
of the Institution in our State, and the groundless fears of some 
Citizens which deserves some Consideration, and if in any part of 
our Institution there is found upon A4ature deliberation a just Cause 
for such fears they ought to be removed, as the greatest Glory of 
the Cincinnati is, that they were prime Agents in giveing freedom 
to a great portion of the Globe, and leading the way for all the rest 
to obtain it. 

Those who are entitled to admission into the Society require further 
explanation, & in more explicit Terms; whether Officers in the Line 
who served with reputation if not three years, or Continental Naval 
Officers may not be admitted, how far, and which of the Staff are 
included, as in the Qr Master Generals Department, if his deputys 
& Subalterns as far as the Waggon Master are Meant, & so if other 
Departments in the Staff, or whether that should be left open to the 
respective State Societys according to the Characters of Persons. 

The order of Succession, & power of Expulsion ought to be in 
Clearer Terms, that is, if a Member is expell'd, should that exclude 
his next Lineal or Collateral Successions, which in time might diminish 
the Number of the Society. 

Whether all the Officers of the Society as well the Delegation 
as others ought not to be open to Honorary Members as we have made 
it in our State Society, to promp[t] their Zeal for its Interest. 

You are to endeavour to get the place of the General Meeting here- 
after fixed as Centrical as possible for the Conveniency of the whole. 

And you are to procure, and upon your Return bring all the in- 
formation you possibly can obtain for this State Society for its 
Government, attested Copys of the whole proceedings of the Session 
of the General Society, with those of the Several States from their 
first Commencement downwards, the Names of their Officers and 
Members, and any Oposition they might have met with, in their 
respective States, the Cause of them & their proceedings thereon, 
and in Short every information respecting the Society. 

As you know the State of our Finances Economy is particularly 
recommended to you; if your resources falls short, you are allowed 
to borrow from the funds of our Society but as Sparingly as possible. 

132 



"or any one or more of them. 



By order of the Society of the Cincinnati of the State of Georgia. 

Lachn. Mcintosh Prest. 

Savh 2oth. April 1784 
Coll Eustace 
Majr Lucas 
Majr Cuthbert 
Captn. Field 

True Copy 

J. Milton 
State of Georgia. 

This may Certify that the following Gentlemen were duly Elected 
by Ballot in a regular, quarterly meeting of the Association of the 
Cincinnati of this State held at Savannah the nineteenth day of 
April 1784, to represent them in the General Society of the Cincin- 
nati to be held in the City of Philadelphia the first Monday in May 
next, and any other time and place they may adjourn to during 
their Session; to Wit, Major John Skey Eustace, Major John Lucas, 
Major A. Daniel Cuthbert, and Captain James Field, any one or more 
of whom are authorized and impowered to Join the Delegates from 
the other State Societys in any rules and Regulations that may be 
found Necessary for the benefit of the whole, agreeable to the In- 
structions herewith given them. 

In Testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand at Savannah 
in the said State this nineteenth day of April 1784 and Eighth year 



of American Independence. 



A true Copy 
J. Milton 



Lachn. Mcintosh 
President of the State Society 
of Cincinnati in Georgia 



"Copy of my Ac cot. ivith Public as Stated & Settled by the 
Auditor, 22d. April '84 - balance 34'] 1.13/1 
per Auditor's Certificate. ''' 



The United States 



To General Lachn. Mcintosh Dr.^** 



1777 
Novr. 



To amount of his Account from 1 3th. Feby. 
1776 to this date for his pay rations and a 
variety of public expences paid by him per 
his Account 



>-6i7o.i4.4 



55. In John Wereat's hand. 



133 






25 



Deduct 
Interest Charged in the Account - ^^ 13 80. 1.4 

A Charge on the price of a Horse 
which is charged in the Account 
s^^ ^rid I am instructed to allow 
no more than 2^  

Cr. 

By Cash received from the Treasurers of 
the State of Georgia at different times per 
the Generals Acct. (no state of it being to 
be got from the late Treasurers) ^^2500, 
in depreciated Money say on _^ 1300. 14/6 
the Average of 1777 

viz IS. Jan. 100 
31. Deer. 286.4 



1405- 1 4 
4765.13. 



386.4 



"193.2 per Ct. 



1293.19.11 



Ballance due to General Mcintosh ;^347i.i3.i 

exclusive of Interest and other Charges, which from my General 
Instructions and the order of the House of the 19th. July 1783 I 
do not think myself authorised to pass however just they may appear 
to be, and as no order appears to have been made on a representation 
of some Charges in the Account laid before the House of Assembly 
on the 3d. of February last. 

Copy of the Account filed in the Office 

John Wereat Auditor 



"Charles Scrimsger's Letter ..." 

Kingston in Jamaica 7th August 1784"^* 
General Mcintosh 

Sir I am desired by your borother Mr. John Mcintosh To Write 
to you by the first opportunity Either to Georgia or Carolina, & 
I am very sorry That it is to inform you of his distressed Situation, 
occasioned by a terrible hurrican Which happened last week there's 
not the Smallest Shelter left on the plantation Either For man or 
beast, the dwelling house which was a very good one & very Strong 
was toare away to teen thousand pieces as well as all the rest of 
the houses on the plantation There's not a Single tree left on the 
hermitage hill, all the provisions is totaly Distroyed, the Corn fields 



56. In Scrimsger's hand. 



134 



intirely Striped & all the plantain walks laveled with the Ground So 
that there's not a mouthfuU of provisions for the negroes left. Mr. 
Aiclntosh therefor desired me to tell you unless you or Mr. William 
Could Sind Some provision, his negroes most Starve for want of 
provisions, he also Says if your Son Mr. John Could bring over 
to the Island a cargo of provisions Such as rice pease com or any 
other kind that he might Make his fortime, A few days before the 
hurrican happened, I came to Mr. Mclntoshs House, the 30th July 
between 8 & 9 oclock at night the hurrican began & Continued untill 
about half past teen the most violentest of any ever known in the 
Island, had it Continued one hour longer the whole Island most have 
been distroyed, there was no Whit person with Mr. Mcintosh but 
myself at the time, I bhve may being with him at the time was of 
Service We Saved the lives of Severall young negroes, my anxiety 
for My own family obliged me to leve Mr. Mcintosh Sooner than 
I otherwise would have don He was in a very poor State of helth when 
I left him, owing to what he Suffered that Night, I was hardly able 
to come to town myself, however my familey or huse suffered nothing 
In a maner, you may Expect a letter from Mr. Mcintosh by the 
very first opportunity, as I hope He will Soon be better & able 
to write, I have Sint this days papers for your perusale by which 
you will See Some account of the hurrican. please to write Mr. Mc- 
lntoshs letters to my Care in Kings Street neare the beef market. 
I keep a liquor Store. Sir I wrot to your Son Capt. William Some 
months ago by Livie Shiftale, but never reed, any answer from him 
alth[o] many opportunity. I requested the favour of him to Shew 
you my letter, requesting the favour of your Opinion In regard 
to my going back to Georgia. It will allwise give me the greatest 
pleasur to heare of your & your worthy familey's health & pros- 
perity. I am Sir with the greatest Respect you most obedent most 
Hble Servant 

Charles Scrimsger 
General Mcintosh 

[The following note in Mcintosh's hand is on the back of this 
letter: ] 

"Letters of July & Augt. '84 from Jamaica Reed. Thursday Evening 
the 7th. October 1784 per Nephew Lack." 

^Copys of Letters from [Mcintosh] i & ^d Septr. ^84 - 
to Colo. Pannil, The Governor & Milton''^ 

Dr. Sir, I wrote to you loth. Insta. by Mr. Clark the Taylor in 
Answer to yours of the 12. July desiring you to prosecute the Caveate 

135 



you entered in my Name for about looo Acres Land opposite to 
Fishing Creek as the Law directs & if Necessary to appeal to the 
Governor & Council to whom I have wrote on the Subject & when 
I obtain the Land you will please to lay my Son Billy two 460 Acre 
Warrants upon it,& if any good Land remains the 230 Acre Warrant 
& my own 460 Acre Warrant upon the point of the Fork according 
to the Plot you Sent me by George; the other Warrants may be 
laid upon prime Lands, if it should be twenty thirty or more Miles 
above the fork, but if it is not the best Land I would rather be with- 
out any, & have the Warrants returned to me. I have been at much 
trouble & Expence about it^^ already, & think it best to put up with 
the first Cost & Loss - tho I must Confess I was greatly disapointed 
in My expectations. You promised to run better Lands for me than 
your own at Town Creek, & to lay out two excellent Tracts for me 
on each Side of yours opposite to that Creek, & I placed a firm Con- 
fidence & dependence in it; those of the Committee who were then 
in Savannah Voluntarily Joined their Brother Officers, and without 
my knowledge Resolved that the first Choice in the whole Reserve 
should be laid out first for me; how I have Meritted the disaprobation 
of the Committee since, or how they could deviate from the Instruc- 
tions of the Officers who appointed and Authorised them, which was 
also approved by the Govr. & Council I cannot conceive & I think 
it a good foundation for you to Caveat all Grants in the Reserve; 
the objection of any Individual who was not present at the Meeting 
could have no weight as it was their own fault & being absent they 
could not be Masters of the Arguments used, at the time; but Notwith- 
standing I find that I am not in the good graces of some of them 
I still have a Confidence that you will do every thing in Your power 
to Serve me & inform me duely thereof who am 
Your most obt. Hble Servt. 
L M 

Savannah 25th. Augt. '84 
Colo. Pannill 

[The following clause, preceded by an asterisk is at the foot of 
this letter, but there is no corresponding asterisk in the body of the 
letter to show where it belongs: "the quarterly Meeting of the Offi- 
cers in Septr. or untill these Instructions are Litterally Complyed 
with"] 

Skidoway i Sept. 1784. 
Sir, Collo. Pannill Surveyor of Washington County informs me 
that he has entered a Caveat in my behalf against any Grants passing 

67. "this business" is written above "It" in the manuscript. 

136 



for any part of the Ten or Twelve hundred Acres of Land in the 
Soldiers Reserve upon North Okonee River opposite to or near 
Fishing Creek, it is therefore Necessary since I cannot attend that 
I Lay the reasons before the Honl. the Council to whom I expect 
it will be referred. 

You will please to recollect that all the Officers military marine 
&ca, who could be convened, met at Savannah in March last, to 
determin & fix on the most unexceptionable & properest Mode of 
Laying out the Reserve Lands & after they unanimously agreed Met 
with the approbation & Sanction of your Honor & the Council; the 
next day after this Transaction the Officers Met again, without 
my knowledge or interferrance, and very obligingly Resolved among 
themselves that the first Choice of the whole Reserve should be laid 
out on all my Rights, before any others were Survey'd & they auth- 
orized & appointed a Committee of their own Body of whom Colo. 
Pannil was one & Instructed them to carry the whole into Execution 
accordingly; flattered & pleased I must Confess with this unsollicited 
preferance & Mark of the Esteem of my Brother Soldiers I set double 
Value on the Land than I had done I was at a good deal of trouble 
& considertble Expence, & sent one of my Sons with another Gentle- 
man of this Committee to chuse & see my Lands run out, but after 
a Stay of three or four Mos. in Vain, being so Jockeyed they came 
down again without being able to effect any thing, & every other 
Officer I have conversed with on the Subject make the same Com- 
plaint. Altho the Law very Wisely & expressly directs that each of 
the two new County Surveys shall be restricted to Six Asistants or 
Deputys under his direction & the Countys divided into as many 
districts for them, to prevent Interferrance Wrangling & Confusion 
in their Surveys, & that each might be accountable for his own Con- 
duct. Yet it is Aserted that these Asistants have appointed them 
under them witho[u]t Number or Limitation who pay no regard 
to any order or Rule which thwarts their Views for themselves & 
their respective friends, & that they Consist of the great Monopolizers 
or their Agents, by which if true I humbly Conceive the whole 
Intention of the Law is frustrated, & many useful Inhabitants dis- 
apointed. That not satisfyed with picking in this Manner the Choice 
of those Extensive Counties at Large, they have procured by some 
Means or purchased Numbers of Soldiers Certificates altho I am at 
a Loss where they could be found, & played the same Game also in 
their Reserve which is Confessedly besides our Claim to it disputed 
the ordinariest Tract of Land that could be found in that large 
Cession; that they run these small Warrants in Square Tracts along 
the River where any Bottoms or good Lands could be found to 

137 



Spoil larger Tracts, Secretly, & without regard to any Instructions, 
& sometimes contrary to positive & express Instructions, which Colo. 
Pannil informs me was the Case with this verry Land that he Caveated 
on my behalf opposite to fishing Creek, after he had directed & 
positively forbid it's being run for any other, one of these Deputys 
of the Name of Grear Survey'd the whole in Several Warrants for 
himself or others, and which I now refer to your honors determina- 
tion as it Seems that is all which is likely to come to my Share or 
my Sons from a bounty of between 4 and 5000 Acres. 

It is the wish of such Officers I have spok[e] with on the Matter 
& have nearly the same Complaints, that no Grants may be past for 
any part of the Reserve untill they have an Opportunity at their next 
quarterly Meeting in October of enquiring into the Conduct & pro- 
ceedings of their Committee in which I most heartily Join them. 

I am with the greatest respect, Yr. Honor's most obt. St. 

LM 

Skidoway 3d. Septr. '84 
His Honor the Governor in Council 

Dear Sir, I trouble you with the Enclosed Letter to his Honor 
the Govr. which I begg you will deliver, as it contains my reasons 
for Caveating the only Tract of good Land that I find I have any 
Chance of getting in the Soldiers Reserve, which like the rest of 
that great Cession will chiefly fall to the Share of Speculators & 
Monopolizers, & the Officers & Soldiers be altogether cut out. As I 
am not able to Fee a Lawyer upon the Occasion I wish you would 
give Colo. Pannil any Asistance in your power in this Business, which 
1 look upon to be a common Cause, as every Officer I have Spoke 
with on the Subject have nearly the same Complaint, & I think it 
will not be improper for you to inform Colo. Pannil & the rest of 
the Committee of Officers to attend at the next quarterly Meeting 
in October to render an account of their proceedings. 

I am Dr. Sir 

Yours Sincerely, 

Major Milton L M**^ 



58. On the back of these rough-draft copies is the following note in an 
unknown hand: "Private Anecdotes & Memorandums which may be useful 
to any who records the present great revolution." 



138 



''Govt. Houstoini's second opinion on Officers Ranks, Per Resolve 
of Co?igress ^oth. Septr. ijSf [1784]^^ 

Whereas this Board did on the 2d Inst, resolve it to be their opin- 
ion that the resolution of Congress of 13th. Sept. last did not extend 
farther than to promote Officers in the gradation therein mentioned. 
And whereas the sd. Officers conceive that the sd. resolution was 
intended to promote every Officer of the description therein men- 
tioned a Rank above the Rank he then held. And whereas in case 
the latter construction shd. prevail it will make a difference in favor 
of the said Officers of a considerable quantity of Land in the Bounties 
granted them. It is therefore resolved that for the present the said 
Officers do take their Bounties agreeable to the Commissions they 
now possess, and agreeable to the construction of this Board on the 
resolution of Congress above mentioned. And in Case it shall be here- 
after found that the Intention of Congress was confutable to the 
construction of the sd. Officers It is the opinion of this Board, and 
they will take the earliest opporty. of recommending the same to 
the House of Assembly for their Adoption, that the said Officers 
ought to be permitted to include and comprehend whatever may be 
the deficient difference of their Bounty, in any future Warrant or 
Grant they mav have on Head Rights, for Lands to be run in any 
part of the State, or to take a new and separate part for such deficient 
difference at their option and as they shall think proper. 
[The following note in an unknown hand is on the back of this 
paper.] 

The Standing Committee of the Cincinati Society of this State, 
will Meet on Alonday 5th Inst, at Captn. Wm. Mcintosh's Quarters, 
pricisely at 10 OClock in the Momg. where the presence of every 
Member is earnestly requested, when matters of the utmost Conse- 
quence to the Society will be laid before them. 
Savh. 3th. 1784. 

[1784] 

The Board on Considering the Resolve of Congress of the 1 3 Septr. 
1783 are of Opinion that the Officers of the Continental Army are 
entitled to the Bounty of Land both from the Continent & State 
agreeable to the Promotion made by the Said resolve that is to Say 
as every Officer who holds the Same Rank now that he did in 1777 
is promoted one Grade higher therefore it follows every Brigr. be- 
comes a Majr. Genl. every Senior full Col. a Brigr. every Senior Lieut. 
Coll. a full Colol. every Senior Major a Lieutnt. Colol. ever\ eldest 



59. Mcintosh dated this paper 1783, though it shows from its context and 
from the fact that John Houstoun was governor of Georgia for the second 
time in 1784 that the correct date is 1784. It is in Houstoun's har.d. 

139 



Captain a Major every eldest ist. Lieut, a Captain and every eldest 
Second Lieut a first Lieut. & it is order'd that they accordingly have 
Certificates for the Bounty allow'd the said Ranks respectively .<> 

True Copy. 

^'Presidents of the Cincinnati in the Several States, 1784.'' 

The Presidents of the Cincinnati in the several States. 

1. N. Hampshire 

2. Massachusetts Major Genl. Heth 

3. Rhod Island .....Major Genl. Green 

4. Connecticut Major Genl. Parsons 

5. N. York Major Genl. Mcdougall 

6. N. Jersey 

7. Pennsylvania Major Genl. St. Clair 

8. Delaware State 

9. Maryland Major Genl. Smallwood 

10. Virginia Major Genl. Gates 

1 1 . North Carolina Brigr. Genl. Sumner 

12. South Carolina Major Genl. Moultrie 

1 3. Georgia _.. Major Genl. Mcintosh 

''Alexr. Crighton's Rect. for 70 bushls. Corji 16 March ^Sf 

Dr. Sir, Be pleased to let Mr. Crighton have Seventy Bushells Com 

the rem[ainde]r of the hundred that was reserved for Mr. Baskett & 

oblige 

Yrs &c 
Geo. Troup 
13 March 1785 

To Genl McIntosh 

Reed, the within Seventy Bushels Corn at Skidoway this i6th. 

March 1785. 

Alexr Crighton*'^ 

''Copy Alexr. AlcGillivrays Letter to Colo. B. Hawkins 
Soth July '86'' 

Little Tallassie 30 July 1786. 
Sir I had reed, the two Letters that vou wrote to me f'rom Seneca 
early Last Spring & shou'd have acknowledged the Receit Long 'ere 
this, but supposing you intended no long Stay there & your not ad- 

60. In unknown hand. Probably Governor Houstoun's first opinion on 
officers' rank. 

61. The receipt signed by Crighton is in Mcintosh's hand. 

140 



vising me where to direct to you deterr[e]d me from Writing, & 
soon after business of Consequence called me from the Nation & am 
now only Just returned home very unwell & write you this Scrawl 
chiefly to acknowledge Yours. My Illness preventing me from An- 
swering you as fully as you desire or I cou[l]d Wish. My friend Mr. 
Jas. McG. being here on his way home & undertakes for the delivery. 

I received the Letter of Invitation you Mention, for the Chiefs 
of this Nation to meet you the Commissioners of Congress to 
treat of Peace &ca. &ca. You & Genl. Pickens then Mentioned that 
the place was not as Yet fixed on where we were to Meet, but how 
soon that matter was decided upon, we should receive Second Noti- 
fication respecting it. I was glad that Congress had Interposed it's 
Authority & that in Consequence we shou[l]d Settle all our differ- 
ences in an Amicable Manner the expectation of which determined 
me to Meet you with a full representation of these Nations for effect- 
ing so desirable a purpose. Meantime while I was waiting for the 
Second Advices, I received Authentic information that yr. Georgians 
were resolved to Embarrass the Commissrs. in the execution of the 
trust Committed to them by Congress Respecting Indian affairs, as 
the Moderate Measures you held forth was not agreeable to them. I 
from Experience well know the Georgians Capable of frustrating every 
disposition & Intention of the Commissrs. I had determined in my 
Mind not to go, as not caring to be a Witness to disagreeable Con- 
tention & which wou[l]d most probably End in Bloodshed on both 
Sides, red & White. 

I Shan't trouble you with a Long detail of the Many Insults & 
injuries we sustained from that State; their encroachments of our 
best hunting Grounds, our repeated representations to them on that 
Subject, & which were unoticed, tho' we warned them of the Con- 
sequences; the last Treaty of Galphington Convinced us we had 
nothing to trust to from their boasted pretentions to Justice Hu- 
manity &ca. We resolved to deliberate on our Critical Situation & in 
General Convention of the whole we came to resolutions to expel 
by force all that should be found on the Lands in question which 
being chiefly accomplish'd we shall Lay down our Arms, not to raise 
them without we are Compell[e]d in defence of our Lands & prop- 
erty, the Means for which we do not want. Let the Contest be as 
Long as it may. 

I again repeat that we do not Wish a War, nor can I suppose that 
the Georgians will undertake one Singly against us, as we cannot 
suppose that Congress or any State will Countenance that State in 
any Schemes of Tyrannie & Opression; 'tis their faults that at this 
day we are not Connected in ties of Friendship; 'tis their faults that 

141 



early after the Peace drove us to seek new friends & form foreign 
Alliances, whom we have found to be faithful & Generous & who 
no doubt will perform all that we Stipulated for in our Treaties. 

Still we have reserved to ourselves the Liberty to Settle our dif- 
ferences & every other Act that free People may Choose to do; 
'tis not yet too late for the States & us to be on a friendly footing, 
& which we are ready to Treat on in our own Country; there was 
in my absence here on[e] McAlurphy Sent up by the Assembly of 
Georgia, who after behaving like an Insolent Fool, Just as I arrived 
& called for a General Convention of the Nation, he went off from 
the Lower Creeks. Such Characters Sent Officially appears to me 
rather a Mockery than any thing Serious. I wish to see non[e] Such. 
We are not to be dictated to & our forms of Meeting & Conducting 
our affairs be regulated by the Caprice of such people, & which he 
attempted to do. 

I can not possibly Write farther at present; excuse the abrupt man- 
ner of Concluding. I have now only to Assure you that if you 
will pay us a Visit, you shall be heartily Welcome, & perfectly Safe. 
To Alorrow I expect the remaining Chiefs will be all here agree- 
able to the Call I gave them, to proceed on business. 

I am with much respect 
Sr. Your most obt. Servant 
Alex McGillivray 
Honl. Benja. Hawkins 
Esqr. Commr. L A. 

(And Superscribed) The Honl. Benja. Hawkins Esqr. one of the 
Commissrs. appointed by Congress for Treating with the Southern 
Nations of Indians - Georgia. 
A McG. 



Genl. Mcintosh's Compts. to Major Habersham & requests he will 
Return this Copy when he has done with it. 

Savannah Sunday Momg. 3d. Septr. '86 
[Endorsed:] 
Major John Habersham 

''Captain Thos. FarreWs Letter . . ."^^ 

Passemaquady July 31st 1786 
Dear Sir Sinse I had the Honor of seeing you in Philadelphia, I have 
with great Expence arriv'd here, where I formerly liv'd, and in this 



62. Bears additional note in Mcintosh's hand: "Reed, by Mr. Geo. Baillie 
in Savanna the 13th. October 1787." 

142 



place I have got considerable land, neagro's, Stocks, & House's, de- 
molished. 

I am informed by a Master of a Vessel, Captn. Clark that you live 
near Sundbary in Georgia, and that he is going there Shortly & will 
deliver this letter to you, or forward it, be Asshured I never Shall 
be Afraid or a Shamed to own I have been under obligations to a 
Worthy brave good man. General Mcintosh, and that I shall always 
be happy to hear that the Genl. and his family is in parfect Happi- 
ness, and Health. I Expect if nothing unforseen happens to go soon 
to new york When I will do myself the Honor to write you again 
and am with my best Wishes to your Self and family 

Dr. Sir 

Your most Obedt. and most Humble Servt. 
Thoms. Farrell 
[Endorsed:] General Mcintosh 
Georgia 

Mcbitosh to John Mcintosh. 

Skidoway Island 23d. Septr. 1786.^^ 
Dear John, When I reed, your Letter of the 4th. Instant giving an 
Account of your Sickness, your Mother, myself & all our Family 
were laid up with the Fever. She continues Still Sick, myself & the 
rest are recovering, but very Slowly. 

I am happy to hear by your Bror. George (from Colo. Jno. Mc- 
intosh) that you are perfectly recovered; the severe spell you have had, 
should teach you to be more careful of yourself hereafter. 

I have Just taken in all the Crop Henry made for me this Year, 
Consisting of not quite five bushels of Nubin Com, & not a single 
bushel of pease - a horrid prospect of Subsistance even before people 
can take in their Crops! neither have I any expectations in this part 
of the State, all this Neighbourhood have made short Crops of pro- 
vision & we can expect no Corn from Augusta till Late in the Spring, 
therefore my whole dependance is from the Southward where you 
informed me they generally made great Crops of Corn this Year, 
& I must intreat you to exert yourself without delay for my relief, 
for that purpose I inclose herein my Note payable to you or order 
on demand for Seventeen pounds ( / 1 7 ) which I will part with any 
thing to have the Cash ready for the payment of, & also an order upon 
Sight on William Pengru Esqr. which I am sure will be paid im- 



63. Bears note in hand of John Mcintosh: "Father's Letter 23d. Sept. 
1786." This letter was not in the original Mcintosh collection but was re- 
cently acquired by purchase. 

143 



mediately for ^^ 1 3 - thirteen pounds Specie, with this  30 Cash I 
hope you will be able to procure so early in the Season 250. or 300. 
bushels of Corn, the last Assembly have Limitted the price of Com 
in the new paper Currency not to exceed half a dollar, & as mine will 
be hard money perhaps you may get it at 2/1. per bushel, but at any 
rate it must be had, and part of it immediately will be Necessary, which 
I begg you will send in your Boat if no other opportunity offers & 
probably some people may part with Corn for paving their Tax this 
year, which I can easilv do, by sending you orders on the Treasury 
when you inform me their Several Amounts, which will be better 
for me than Cash, tho' the order on Pengru will be Cash. 

To mend the Matter all my working Negroes left me last Night, 
except old Sambo & Dolly who are Sick. Shadwell, Peter, Jemmie 
(who returned about a Month ago) the Estate's old Sambo, and the 
Wench, Bina, without any kind of reason that I know of, unless it 
is the short prospect of provision, or the Shame of making so little. 
As they carried away my Canoes I expect they are gone South- 
wardly with intention of going to Florida or the Indian Nation which 
they had in their heads. I request you will Leave no Means untryed 
to intercept & take them for me. 

As I have not a Canoe in the world now to Oyster or fish I wish 
you would endevour to get one for me. 

Dr. John 

Yrs. affectionately 
Lachn. Mcintosh. 

[Endorsed:] John Mackintosh, Junr. Esqr.^^ 

on Cathead Creek near old Darien, on Alatamaha 

Care of & to be forwarded immediately. By Geo. Mcintosh In Sa- 
vannah 

''Rough Copy of a Letter to ]no. Weriot, Esqr. Deer. fjSf 

Skidoway Island 17th. Deer. 1787. 
My Dear Sir I am sometimes inclined to be funny, but am now very 
serious with you.^^ I hear you are Chosen one of the Convention, 
which I am glad of, & flatter myself you will not think it either Im- 
pertinent or Officious in a fellow Citizen to give his opinion in a 
business of so high Importance to ourselves & our posterity as the 
new Federal Constitution now Offered to your Consideration, and 
more especially as our Legislature have thought proper to enter upon 

64. John Mcintosh and his brother William retained the Scottish spelliTlg 
of the name, Mackintosh. 

65. This first sentence is crossed out in the manuscript. 

144 



it rather precipitately before the opinions of the other States are 
known. 

Some of the Men who framed this Constitution are the Wisest & 
best that this, or perhaps any other Nation ever produced, yet with 
all their good intentions and Abillitys if we thought them infalhble 
their would be no Occasion to Appeal to the States & people at large, 
who in Republican Governments ought at all times to think them- 
selves the Ultimate & best Judges of their own Grievances & or Con- 
veniencys. 

The popularity of the Kramers is so great, that the public Voice 
seems to be for adopting the Constitution in the Lump on its first 
appearance as a perfect System without enquiry or Limitation of time 
or Matter, Such hasty resolutions have Occasioned all the Misfor- 
tunes that ever happened in Governments & it is realy astonishing^ 
to see people so reluctant lately to trust Congress with only 5 per Cent 
duties upon Imports for a short time to pay the National Debt ex- 
pressly, & so Jealous of the Sovereignty of their respective States so 
eager now to yield these & every thing else into their hands for- 
ever & to become the State, instead of United States of America, it 
is indeed generally agreed as we might have expected that this Con- 
stitution discovers great Judgement & Abillitys, & that the pressing 
exigencies of our National Affairs requires Some Speedy & effec- 
tual remedy. 

If therefore we reject the whole or any part of it I fear we will 
remain for a Considerable time at Least, without remedy in the same 
unconnected State we now are in as it appears to be so constructed 
that the whole or none of it must stand or fall together, & should 
it be found Necessary to call another Convention of the United States 
to Amend it, we cannot expect the last illustrious Members will Serve 
again, & the determination of any others less dignified will not have 
the Same general influence and may miscarry also. 

Upon the other hand, the objections made to this Cons[ti]tution by 
Mr. Gerry of Massachusetts, the Centinel of Pennsy[l]vania, & others 
who dare express their Minds upon it so early, tho perhaps over 
Cautious, appear Nevertheless to be very weighty, & if the remedy 
should prove Worse than the Disease, what reason will their Con- 
stituents & posterity have to blame^^ the Convention of Georgia in 
whom they Confided and whose option it was, to adopt or reject 
it for them, in either of these determinations there appears to me the 
greatest dif [fjiculty, & as I had a wish to be in this Convento. I drew 
up the inclosed Compromise as a Memorandum for myself, which I 



66. The word "curious" is written above "astonishing" in the manuscript. 

67. "reflect upon" is written above "blame" in the manuscript. 

145 



had some hopes might meet with the Wishes of all parties, either 
with or without the Annexed Conditions & be adopted not only by our 
own but some other States, especially the Southern States, who are 
more particularly Interested, as they are, and ever will Continue from 
their extent & other Circumstances the Minority in Congress therefore 
it may be thought prudent at least for them at this time for Avoiding^^ 
the rocks on both sides of the question instead of binding ourselves 
& posterity for ever to adopt the Constitution only for a certain 
period of time during which they will have a fair tryal of its Effects, 
& at the expiration of that time be at Liberty & have it in their own 
power to adopt it again if they please for another period either with- 
out or with any Amendments they may find Necessary, which prob- 
ably will hereafter be done by Conventions, as the precedent is now 
Set which is a New & far better Method of Settling public differences 
than the old way of Cutting one anothers Throats; if we bind our- 
selves & our posterity now, by adopting this Constitution without 
any Conditions or Limitation of time, any efforts made there after 
for redress of Grievances must be termed rebellion, as it will be im- 
possible to obtain Amendments in the Mode proposed when the ma- 
jority, which is observed will ever be against the Southern States, 
find it their Interest to Continue them, & Men of influence are once 
fixed in their Saddles. 

It is known to have been long the intention of the Eastern & North- 
em States to abolish Slavery altogether when in their power, which 
however Just may not be convenient for us so soon as for them es- 
pecially in a New Country & hot Climate such as Georgia, Let us 
therefore keep the proper time for it in our own power while we have 
it; this Constitution prolongs the time for 20 years more, which is 
one reason for fixing upon that period in the Inclosed hints, as well 
as to pay off our National incumbrances which it is conceived may 
be done in that time when we have given up all our purse Strings, 
for that purpose, without regard to our own particular engagements, 
with even/ Mark of Attachment & respect I am Dr. Sir 

Yr. obt. Hble. Servt. 
L M 



68. "to Avoid" is written above "Avoiding" in the manuscript. 



146 



Mcintosh to John Mcintosh. 

Skidoway 9th. January 1788.^^ 
Dear John, I did not receive your Letter of the 26th, Deer, by Geo. 
Baillie till this day, I had an intention of Leasing my few Negroes 
this Year to Mr. Lang or Lillibridge at a certain rate to be paid Month- 
ly as our Circumstances requires continual Supplies, but as you are 
desirous of it, you may keep them another Year, and hope you will 
make a better hand of them, than you have done since you came to 
Georgia hitherto. 

I could wish to see you soon here in Your Boat, & to bring Shad- 
well Dolly & their Children, with you, for whom I would let you 
have Will and Phebe, who are far abler Slaves, and as you say you 
can easily procure me some Meat, I should be glad you bring me 
about a thousand pounds weight of Bacon cured or aLive as you 
think proper, as we have not got a Single Hogg to kill this year, nor 
a farthing of Money to buy with, & as to Bread kind we may make 
out with Economy, tho' if you could Spare it conveniently you might 
bring twenty or thirty bushels of Corn with you. 

The bearer Captain Lachlan Mcintosh''^ is a very old friend & 
acquaintance of mine whom I reccommend to every Civilities in your 
power, his two Sons are amongst the prominent Youths in So. Caro- 
lina, the youngest of whom he has brought with him to get ac- 
quainted with the Younger people of his own name in this State. 

Could vou get my Cagg full of good Rum & cheaper at Frederica 
than at Savannah for me? 

I am Dear John Yours Affectionately 
Lachn. Mcintosh 
Mr. Jno. Mackintosh 
[Endorsed: ] John Mackintosh Junr. Esq. 
near Darien 
Alatamaha 
Hond, by Capt. L. Mackintosh 

69. Original in Department of Archives and History, Atlanta, Georgia, 
in Charles Ftancis Jenkins Collection. It is published liere with the per- 
mission of the Department. It has a note on the back in John Mcintosh's 
hand, "Father's Letter Jany. 1788." 

70. This Lachlan Mcintosh was probably the son of Benjamin Mcintosh, 
both of whom came to Georgia with the original settlers of Darien, 10 Jan- 
uary 1736, and later removed to South Carolina. (E. M. Coulter and A. B. 
Saye, eds., A List of the Early Settlers of Georgia. Athens, 1949, p. 85). He 
died at Chehaw, South Carolina, July 9, 1789, at an advanced age. (The 
Georgia Gazette, July 16, 1789. 



147 



''^Letter, to Major Hepvoorth Carter 4th. August ij88, Militia business 
ivith Captains Connnission'''' 

St. Simons Island 4th. August 1788'^^ 
Dr. Sir Your letter of the 14th. Ulto. Inclosg. the commissions for 
the Seventh Company of Col. Maxwells Regt. I receiv'd a few days 
ago; and immediatly call'd a Muster in order to publish them & to 
make a return to you agreable to your Orders, wh. I herewith inclose. 
Your other letter never came to hand, otherwise I shou'd have at- 
tended to it, & the Order of Council is of no use to any of the Com- 
pany as not one man belonging to it suffer'd any thing bv the Indians. 
You will oblige me much by procuring a copy of the Militia Law & 
send it by the first opportunity, as I am much at a loss how to act 
without it; I likewise wou'd be glad to receive Advice from the 
Colonel what Steps shou'd be taken with the men in case of Mutiny, 
or disobedience of Orders as a very great Majority seem inclind that 
way & I believe prevaild on, by the late officers of the Company 
who were chosen by themselves; Indeed I discover'd a general disatis- 
faction on the field when the Commds. were publish'd & particularly 
against Mr. Baskett the Second Lieutenant, under whom I am in- 
form'd they have expressed a determination not to serve unless com- 
pell'd by force of Arms, & in a day or two the command of the 
Company will devolve on him as I shall go for Augusta, & my Brother 
has very pressing Business to the Southward wh. will detain him Six 
or Eight Weeks, so that unless Instructions are given very shortly 
how to Act, Mr. Basketts Authority will be ridicul'd & the Island 
remain in the same Situation, as it has hitherto been. 
[Endorsed:] (On PubHc Service) Majr. Hepworth Carter Liberty 
Point 

Invitation, May 12, ijpi. 

The Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Savannah present their 
Compliments to Genl. Mcintosh and request the favor 

of his Company to dinner at Three OClock this day at Brown's Coffee- 
House. Thursday May 12th ijgi''^ 
[Endorsed:] The Honble. Genl Mcintosh 

''Mordecai SheftaWs State of Facts, dated 6 June ijpi. 
No. 18''''^ 

Gentm. By the Inclosed Valuation of Master workemen, you will 

71. In an unknown hand. 

72. This was the dinner given by the Mayor and Aldermen of Savannah 
in honor of President George Washington on his visit to Savannah, May 
12-15, 1791. 

73. In Sheftall's hand. 

148 



see, what a Considerable Sum of money I have advanced towards 
the Improvement, of Yamacraw, a Sum far Short, in my oppinion, 
off what I realy Expended. Yet tis such a Sum, that no man can 
suppose, I would, have laid out, had I had the most distant Idea that, 
the Titles General Elbert gave me where not good, and that the 
Property was Subject, to the debts, of John Rae Esqr the Elder as I, 
& I believe most people in the State who knew any thinge of Mr Rae, 
supposed him to have died, as clear of debts, as most men in the 
State, & with as ample a fortune, the Contrary now appears, and 
must have been Known, by Genl. Elbert, at the time, he made the 
Sale to me. 

You therefore. Gentlemen, I have no doubt, will do me ample 
Justice, and allow such damages, as you thinke, a man in my ad- 
vanced State of Life, ought to have, who has lost upwards of Six 
Years, of his time, in improveing a property which he thought was 
for the Benefite of his own family, and which now he is obliged to 
deliver up, for want of Sufficient Titles, from the Seller, who pre- 
vious to his death put it out of my power, to make my Self whole, 
out of his Estate, You will allso, be pleased to observe, that it was 
Eighteen Months, or thereabout, before I could possibly get the 
place, put into any order, so as to make it fetch me in any thinge, 
the Interest on the money advanced, must be Considerable it may 
be urged, that I have not made the payments Agreeable to my bonde, 
to this I say that in Feby. 1787 I made a tender of upwards of Three 
Thousand pounds, in Certificates, to the Publick Treasurer, on the 
bonde for the white Oake, which he refused to receive as I can make 
appear, by a Certificate, signed by Colonl. Gunn and others, after 
which Mr McQueen, & others, intimated to me the precarious foot- 
ing, I held that property on, which was the reasons, that induced me, 
to withold, the Certificates, well Knowing then, that I had all ready 
made so great a Sacrifice for the Interest of my Self & family. Upon 
the whole Ge[n]tlemen well Knowing that You both are Men of 
Strict probity and Honor, I shall rest fully satisfied, with Your de- 
termination 

and am very respectfully Gentm. Your 

Mosst Humble Servant 

Mordecai Sheftall Savannah 6th June 1791 
General MacKintosh & 
Richd Wylly Esquiers 

[Endorsed:] General Lachln. Mcintosh and Richd Wylly E^qrs Sa- 
vannah 



149 



''Copy of my Letter to Mr. John Wereat at Philadelphia 
23d. June ';>/" 

Savannah 23d. June 1791. 
Dear Sir, I was happy to hear from the Captains Burrows and Wal- 
lington that you and Mrs. Fishbourn were Safe arrived at Philadelphia 
and had so good a Passage, but would have been much better Satis- 
fyed to know it more particularly under your own hand, and tell 
Mr[s] Fishbourn'^^ that I conceive I have a sort of Claim (tho an 
old Fellow) to some Account from herself of the Voyage, her re- 
ception at, & how her opinion of that Metropolis, &ca. &ca. 

I must at any rate my Dr. Sir request that you will inform me 
by the first & every Subsequent Opponunity what you have, or 
may be able to do with the Secretary of the Treasury or the Board 
of Claims respecting my Certificates and public Accounts; there is 
no Chance, nor can I ever think of Funding them as a State As- 
sumption Debt for there is such an inundation of (the infamous) 
O'Brvan & Wades Certificates and of Various kinds unknown or 
unthought of before poured into Wvllvs office that instead of 300 
thousand dollars which the Law allows this State to fund, I expect 
three Millions will be Entered, therefore if no better can be done, 
I request vou will Send me as soon as possible an Authenticated Cer- 
tificate of the Sum the Board of Claims will please to allow me for 
my Services & the Moneys I advanced for the Continental Service in 
its greatest distress with the Interest due thereon, the Amount of 
which Certificate I will deduct & give up to the State of Georgia 
which I have no kind of Confidence or dependance on, & will apply 
to Congress for that Amount if I can get it in time. 

Genl. Wayne who proposes going in the Georgia Packet Capt. 
Burrows will be the bearer of this and will give vou any Little News 
Stirring here. I am Dr. Sir 

Yr. most obt. humble Servt. 
Lachn. Mcintosh 
Honle. John Wereat Esqr. 

I gave an order to John Sutcliff, drawn by CoUo. Ben. Hawkins 
at Keowee River near five Years ago upon Gervais & Owens in 
Charleston for Sixty three pounds Sterling, or more for mv Sallery 
fi^oing up as a Commissioner of Congress to the Indian Treaty at 
that time which has not been paid Yet, & have desired Mr. Sutcliff 
to send an attested Copy or the Original Order to you, to present 
to the Secretary of the Treasury which Surely he cannot refuse pay- 
ing now with interest. 

74. Wereat's daughter, Ann, who married Col. Benjamin Fishbourn. 

150 



"John Wereat Esqr. Philadelphia n. July '91 ucith Copy of Amur. 
to it I ph. Augt. ijpi Packet Burroivs." 

Philadelphia nth. July 1791''^ 
Dear Sir I was favored with your Letter of the 23rd. June by Gen- 
eral Wayne, and am sorry to inform you that I fear nothing can be 
done in your business without an application to the Legislature, The 
Officers say that it was a transaction with the State of Georgia and 
must be settled there, that it was optional with the Claimant to settle 
with the State or the Commissioner of Army Accounts and that he 
had made his election by settling with the former. 

Upon my laying the business before the Commissioners I was told 
that as General Mcintosh's Account was settled by the State of Geor- 
gia it was consequently in that Office as a part of the claim of the 
State of Georgia against the United States and that nothing could be 
done with it there. Air. Kean told me there were several similar ap- 
plications from the State of South Carolina but without success. 

If you had returned the Certificates issued by me and taken Pierce's 
final Settlements there could have been no difficulty in the business, 
this was done by Major Lucas & General Elbert whose accounts were 
settled before his arrival in Georgia. 

Suppose you was to state the business by Memorial to the next 
Legislature, give up your State Certificate to the United States 
Treasury to be made a charge against the State, upon the U. States 
assumption of the Debt, this would be but just as the services were 
of a public, not a local nature, and the State hath engaged to pay 
both principal & Interest in Specie and must have a specie Credit 
in her Accounts; or if you think it a better mode make a written 
application to the State Loan Officer, and get his answer thereto, 
which if you will transmit to me with your instructions every atten- 
tion shall be paid thereto. Pardon me my dear Sir for offering any 
thing like advice to you who are so much more capable of judging 
on the business. 

I find our Citizens are injured by the settlements made with the 
State not only of the interest on their claims from the times of service 
or supply, but also in the difference of the depreciation between 
the Scale of Congress and that of the State, but there is no obtaining 
a revision, and it is said the State hath no right to receive more than 
she pays, but these circumstances were not known at the time the 
settlements were made. 

We had a most agreeable and pleasant passage, arriving in this 
City on Saturday morning the 28th. May and within the Capes on the 

75. In Wereat's hand. 

151 



preceeding Wednesday night, and here let me tell you how much 
I am indebted to you for your advice previous to my leaving Georgia, 
every thing you predicted exceeded my expectation in the reception 
of Nancy and her child; after Landing we halted a little at the 
Indian Queen to make enquiry, in a few minutes Mr. Emlen who 
lives in the same street was retur[n]ing from Market & was called 
in, who carried us to his house where we were very soon surrounded 
by a great many Friends; if their pleasing conduct to alF'' their 
gentle and engaging manners, and the universal harmony that I have 
attentively observed amongst them are the effects of their religious 
tenets, I feel my self almost a Quaker. On the Monday morning after 
our arrival. Doctor Griffitts who married poor Fishboum's young- 
est Sister gave Eliza the Small Pox by inoculation; the City was full 
of it and it was very fatal in the natural way, this mode was univer- 
sally advised and the consequences almost exceeded our wishes; except 
the fever that precedes the eruption there was nothing the matter 
with her; she now goes to school and is in a fair way of being civilized. 

Having said so much about our friends and the friends, I take the 
liberty to enclose you their address to the National Assembly of 
France, with the President's Answer, both of which I think you 
will like, and if they are not already made public in Georgia, they 
would not disgrace a Page in Mr. Johnston's Paper, or the Latitude 
of the Bahama Islands if the Printer pleases^^ to insert them. 

You will naturally expect to be informed what progress I have made 
in the business which brought me hither. I am sorry to say very little. 
The Claims of our State not having the proper documents and 
vouchers to support them in the usual way, the Commissioners have 
been reminded of the equitable powers they are clothed with and 
ought to exercise upon the claims of the State of Georgia, but as 
one of their number Mr. Langdon has been absent ever since my 
arrival, Mr. Irvine and Mr. Kean don't choose to enter upon the 
discussion 'till Mr. Langdon returns and there is a full Board; there- 
fore little has been done but to exhibit the claims within the time 
prescribed and to endeavor to make some few explanations when they 
have been asked for. With great esteem & regard 

I am, Dear Sir, 

Your obliged friend & Servt. 
John Wereat 
[The following note is written at the end of this letter.] 

I thank you my Good General for your kind enquiry after me. 
You will find before the receipt of the above, that I have done what 
was indispensably my duty, I wrote you by the Sloop Polly Capt. 

76. "behavior" is written just above "conduct" in the manuscript. 

77. "dares" is written just above "pleases" in the manuscript. 

152 



Collings bound for Savannah, which I hope before this time has safely 
arrived, in that Letter was mention'd our safe arrival and the recep- 
tion we met with my friends, there tenderness and hospatahty exceeds 
my most sangune expectations. Good night for it is going on to one 
O Clock, may you experience every happiness here, and hereafter, is 
the wish of your gratful, and Affectionate 

Ann Fishbourn 

Mcintosh to Wereat. 

Savannah 13th. Augt, 1791^^ 
Dr. Sir: Yr. kind favor of the nth. July by Burrows lies before 
me and thank you for it. I shall realy think it hard to say no worse of 
it if you can get no redress for me either from the Board of Claims or 
the Secretary of the Try. You know we all Settled our Accots. in 
Georgia in obedience to an Act of our State, and after we dispaired 
of any Commissioners coming from Congress for that purpose, and 
after Major Pierce did at Length come, you may remember, he de- 
ferred entering upon my Account until! he returned again, which 
never happened, otherwise I would have my Certificates Changed 
as General Elbert & Major Lucas had, therefore it would be unjust 
to punish me for the Neglect or fault of their own Officers. Major 
Pierce did not Leave so much as a Certificate for the Amount of my 
Accots. as he did of the rest, not having examined it yet. They need 
not fear that doing me Justice in this Case will be any precedent to 
their disadvantage as our State Led the way, and taught her Citizens 
to be Speculators, & have by that Means got all the Certificates of 
her Line of the Continental Army into her own Treasury for Little 
or Nothing, except the few I have myself, nor indeed were any of 
them in the same predicament with Mine. You know that I exhausted 
myself to Support, & prevent the disbanding of an Army under my 
immediate care, which the State used every Means to depress and 
anihilate, and was unfortunately the Case soon after I left them. I 
will at any rate be much obliged to you my dear Sir to get as much 
of my Accounts as the Board pleases to allow properly Certified, 
& sent to me by Post or other Speedier Conveyance, calculating the 
Just Interest thereon & by the proper Scale of depreciation, that I 
may apply again to the Loan Office as vou direct, or to Congress, 
if you cannot any other way get me redressed where you are, & 
while you remain in Philadelphia, which I still hope through your 
friendly exertions may be done, in a Matter so extremely reasonable, 
& would otherwise discriminate me, who have been Litterally ruined 
by my exertions & Singular Situation from the rest of my Brothers 

78. This reply, In Mcintosh's hand, is on the back of above letter. 

153 



Soldiers throughout the Continent. &ca. you will please to recollect 
that the Limits for funding expires the 30th. Sept. next Mo. that I 
ought to do Some thing before it Elapses, and to apply to the Secry. 
of the Try. for Colo. Hawkins order mentioned in my last, pray 
pardon this Scrawl as I am in a great hurry; it will be delivered by 
Colo. Barb [our ?] of Virginia who is a particular friend of mine, 
& you will find him worthy of yr. acquaintance; he lived some Years 
on the Mississippi. Complemts, &c. &ca. 
[Endorsed:] Major General Mcintosh Savannah 

''State of the fivances of Georgia i'j9i. fro?n Governor T elf airs 

Address to the Legislature^ 

Extract from Telfairs Speech to the Legislature the 9th. Novr. 1791 



Warrants have been 
drawn on ttie Treasurer 

Chargeable to the civil 

establishmt. 1791. 

to contingent fund 1791. 

to do 1790 

to special appro- 
priation 1790 
to do do 1791. 

To which add the expendi- 
tures of 1790 as report- 
ed last Session, Vizt. 
civil establishment 
contingent fund, & 
incidental charges 
special appropriations 
This statement has been 
duly audited. 



Total Amot. 

should be 

last 


Civil 

Establish- 
ment 


Contingent 
Fund 


Special 
Appropria- 
tion 


2,275.0.0 
882.7.5 
257.18.6 


2,275 


882.7.5 
257.18.6 




57.8.8 
1,391.12.5 






57.8.8 
1,319.12.5 


4,792.7.0 


2,275.0.0 


1,140.5.11 


1,377.1.1 


2,140.13.8 


2,140.13.8 






389.10.11 
32.3.0 




389.10.11 


32.3. 


7,354.14.7 


4,415.13.8 


1,529.16.10 


1,409.4.1 



from which it appears, that the civil establishmt. for the two years 
last past Amots. to /4,4i5.i3.8 the contingent funds to / 1,5 2 9.1 6/1 od. 
making together ^5,945. 10/6. to which being added ^1,409.4/1 spe- 
cial appropriations for both years, the total Amot. of Governor's 
Warrants issued during the said period is ^{^ 7,354. 14/7. to the sum of 
^5,945. 10/6 may be added ^2, 505. 17/3. of President's and Speaker's 
orders for the years 1790, and 1791, making the sum of ^8,450.17/9. 
being the Actual expenditures for the support of Government for 
the said Years. 

There is a surplus on the Contingent funds of ;^ 1,195.3/2 subject 
to future appropriations. The sum of ^^430. special appropriations to 
be provided for out of the Taxes of 1791. has not yet been applied 
for. The fund provided for payment of arrearages due the late 
Delegates of Congress is deficient 66j.o/^6. There is /125 ap- 
propriated to the State Agent also not drawn for. 



154 



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Of the Specie Sum of ^T 258,5/1 1 '/z, there is unapp[rop]riated 
;^35.i7/2'/2 - X^93.2/. of the said Specie is appropd. in favor of Wm. 
Few; and ^^ 129,6/9, the remainder of Said Specie Sum, together with 
/866,o/3-3%d, in Tobacco, and ;^352 in Rice, (being a Surplus 
now in the Treasury arising out of the payment of the Taxes of the 
Year 1790) are appropriated, and Subject to the charge of  181.14/id. 
in Governor's Warrants outstanding drawn on the Taxes of 1790, 
also to the discharge of ^^i 0,1 2/4. Presidents and Speakers orders of 
said year, making together ^i92.6/5d. The bonded debts due by 
individuals to the State, will no doubt form a part of your deliberation, 
when the arrangement of the finances is entered upon. 

Two communications from the Secretary of the State, one con- 
cerning a file in his office, containing returns of certain claims arising 
in consequence of the ravage of War, the other a Statement of Loans 
from the Loan Office of the late province, now State, are herewith 
transmitted. Returns of Indian depredations will also be furnished. 

You will readily observe that no accurate Statement of the outstand- 
ing State securities can be adduced, as many individuals have doub[t]- 
less availed themselves of funding in the loan office of the United 
States. In order more clearly to elucidate the Finances, as well as to 
effect a speedy detection of counterfeits, it will be expedient to open 
a fund for the purpose of taking in the outstanding securities of every 
denomination (except such expenditures and appropriations as have 
arisen during the two preceding Years) with such claims as may 
hereafter be Liquidated to the several State claimants: and issue 
funded Certificates to cancell the Same, for the extinguishment of 
which, as well as aiding the annual exigencies, your existing funds 
ought to be appropriated; by a proceedure of this nature, the outstand- 
ing claims against the State will be Speedily absorbed, funds con- 
tributing to the support of Government established, and the burden 
of taxation considerably lessened. To creat[e] cheques, and define 
the duties of the several revenue Officers, might also be comprehended 
in this System. 

One of the essential objects of government is to lighten the pressure 
of taxation in as great a degree as possible, and I am happy to have 
it in my power to inform you, that one half of the sum raised by 
taxes for the year last past, together with the Surpluses of the taxes 
of 1790 and 1 79 1, will suffice for the present Year; a diminution 
of the taxes taking place, and abuses and waste of Specific articles, 
may be inducements to lay the Tax of the current year in Specie. &ca. 
&ca.'^ 



79. Back of the paper contains calculations for above tabulations. 

156 



William Mackintosh, Jr. to Lachlan Mcintosh. 

Great St. Simon's Island Novr. 8th. 1792.*" 
Dear Sir, Mr. Spalding has been threatning these several days to set 
of[f] for Savannh. I intended to write fully to you (by him) as 
promiss'd in my last, but Mr, Spalding's going was so uncertain that 
I did not set down to continue my detail from Page 17; have only 
time now to inform by Capt. Parker who takes an unexpected passage, 
that the Negro's are all well. I have got my whole force at present 
with Mr. Fabian at my Brother Johns place, finding the Land so 
good there we are to clear largely for Plenty of Provissions and Cotton, 
and as Mr. Fabian is call'd so good an Indigo planter and appears so 
anxious to attempt it I mean to plant about thirty Acres which will 
be about suffect. for two setts of Vatts, But shall not attempt to get 
stuff ready for the Vatts untill you send forward your Opinion 
respecting the Indigo Business. As soon as I get pritty well advanced 
in clearing at Mr. Fabians mean to take the hands with the assistance 
of Mr. Fabian and his old hands to finish my clearing at St. Clair 
where I mean also to plant plenty of Provissions and some Cotton. 

Peter has not yet return'd which makes me very uneasy; I hope 
you don't mean to keep the two prime young Fellows I sent with 
him, the loss of them will discourage me much. I Flatter myself with 
the assistance of these two Negro's that at the end of twelve Mo. I 
will Nt. [?] as much as any same number of new hands ever did. 

I cannot conclude without mentioning to you your new Daughter, 
she is at present very 111 indeed, the Little Boy is well, the little Girl 
very poorly. I am Dear Father your most Affectionate Son 

W, Mackintosh jr. 
General Mcintosh 
[Endorsed:] General Lachlan Mackintosh Savannah 

Favd. by Capt. Parker 

''''John Fabian''s Agreement.'''' 

It is agreed on this the 20th. of Decemr. 1792 Between John Fabian 
of the one part and William Mackintosh jr.^^ of the other Part, that 
the said Wm. Mcintosh will put with the said Jno. Fabian Twelve 
Negro's say. Eleven Fellows and One Wench for the purpose of 
Clearing Fifty Acres of Land at a place known by the Name of St. 
Clair place on the Island of Great St. Simon's, Which said Fifty 
Acres of Land the said Jno. Fabian Obliges himself to have in due 
time in propper Order for planting and Inclos'd with a New Fence 
which is to be Eleven Rails and a Rider high the Rails all to be Twelve 

80. In hand of William Mcintosh, Jr. 

81. This paper is in hand of William Mcintosh, Jr. and is marked "Copy 
For General Mackintosh." 

157 



feet long. The said Jno. Fabian to have the Said Fifty Acres of Land 
planted as the said Wm. Mcintosh may direct with Cotton Corn 
Pease Potatoes &ca. Wm. Mcintosh to find Seed for said purpose. 
The Crop to be in the Ground as soon or nearly as soon as that 
of the Plantation where the said Jno. Fabian with His Family now 
Live, and to be attended with full as much care, And when the Crop 
is made which must be at or nearly about the time when all other 
Crops of a Similar Nature are made on the Said Island of Great St. 
Simons in the Year 1793, Wm. Mcintosh is to pay the said Fabian 
Twenty pounds Sterling. Mr. Fabian to take very particular care of 
the Health of the Negro's and not Expose them two much in case 
he shou'd find himself short of time in getting the Ground in Planting 
Order or backward in the Crop. For the true Performance of this 
Agreement the Parties Bind themselves each to the other in the Penal 
Sum of Two hundred pounds Sterling in Witness whereof they set 
their Hands and Seals the Day Month and Year Before Written. 

Jno. Fabian Seal 

W. Mackintosh jr. Seal 

(Present) 
Joshua Parker. 

Justus H. Scheuber to Mcintosh. 

To General Lachlan Mcintosh! ^^ 
Georgia 

Chatham County 

Sir.' Thinking it necessary, to ascertain the boundaries of Constitu- 
tion hill tract, I have appointed Friday the twenty eight instant (if 
a fair day, if not, the next fair day after) to resurvey the same, and 
understanding that you are the Proprietor of Lot No. 5. Second 
tything Anson Ward, which joins me to the South, I would be very 
glad could you attend either yourself or by a Person properly au- 
thorized by You, accompanied with the Grant, Plat, resurvey or 
other Document in your Power, usefuU in ascertaining the Lines, 
to enable the County Surveyor to do Justice to all Parties, and for 
which reason I have thought proper to give this early Notice, and 
am with great Esteem Sir 

Your Most obedt. & Humble Servant 

Justus H. Scheuber 
Savannah the i8th. June 1799. 



82. In Scheuber's hand. 



158 



''Ac cot. of the State of Georgia at the beginning 
of the Revolution^ 

From a Georgian to a So. Carolinian 
Sir, In compliance with your request I will give you a Brief and 
impartial State of public affairs in Georgia, & So. Carolina which 
I am the better enabled to do as I was a principle Actor in most of 
the Transactions of the former but in order to understand them the 
better it will be necessary to have a reprospect further back, in which 
the Conduct of both Sides shall be freely Treated as they appear to 
deserve. So. Carolina tho not populous was rich & upon the Strength 
of that alone entered early in the opposition & with Spirited measures 
But the Colony of Georgia did not Join in the Association of the 
others altho there were some attempts made untill late in the Summer 
of 1775, when they sent Dr. Zubly, Jo. Houstoun & Ar. Bulloch to 
Represent them in Congress for the first time, what the little parish 
of St. Johns did before is not worth attention, for this Delay there 
were many reasons, some prudential, and others from necessity, this 
Colony was the Youngest of the thirteen, & tho extensive was, from 
various defects & mismanagements in its first foundation & settle- 
ment thinly Inhabited, never amounting to 3000 Men at most & these 
widely Scattered over a great Space of Country and was also the 
Southern frontier of the whole, exposed almost on every Side to 
incursions from the most Numerous & warlike Tribes of Savages in 
No. America & the adjoining Provinces of East & West Florida each 
of which had a Military force and which Justifys their Caution of not 
entering rashly into Measures of Such Magnitude, altho' there were 
some Men who without considering these circumstances were for 
rushing violently into them from Motives of Ambition Avarice & 
their own^^ Circumstances again, the Number of public Officers in 
that weak Colony were equal to those in the most populous, they 
were also of so long Standing and had so many advantages of which 
they did not fail to make the best use for themselves that they with 
their dependants possessed perhaps half the property in the Country 
which with the Straighten'd circumstances of the rest gave them 
greater Influence by far than in any of the other Colonys and re- 
tarded their first Exertions greatly, and when considered altogether 
with various other dificultys they had to surmount will^* distinguish 
the Patriots of Georgia beyond any other on the Continent, when they 
once determined they entered into Measures with a Spirit equal at 

83. "entering into their considerations" is written above "considering 
these circumstances," "or" is above "&" and "disparate" is above "own" 
in the manuscript. 

84. "numberless' is written above "various," "must" above "will" in the 
manuscript. 

159 



least to any of these Colonys which had much less to fear, dis- 
daining every Consideration of Property & Life, both of which must 
always be remmembered was thought to be in iminent danger in the 
beginning which greatly enhances the Merit of the first promoters 
of our Revolution. In Novr. 1775 Congress voted one Regmt. of 
Infantry to be raised in Georgia and established 2 Regiments of In- 
fantry one of Artillery and one of Horse that had already been raised 
by So. Carolina which was certainly the full propertion according 
to the number in each had they Stopt their 

[The manuscript breaks off abruptly.] 

*'Accot. of the Indian Tribes within the Limits Ceded to the United 

States" 

The Indian Nations within the Limits ceded to the United States 
are as follows, Vizt. 
North of the River Ohio are, 



The Mohawks about 80 men. 1779 



Cuyugas 


70 


Onieda's 


20 


Onondagoe's 


100 


Seneca's 


1500 


Tuscarora's 


130 



1,900 



The Western Indians are 

The Shawaanees abot. 300 Men, 



Delawares 


400 


Wiandots 


400. 


Mingoes 


200 



1,300 



The Kickapoo's 

abot. 250 

Piankishaw's 180 

Kaskashkes 70 



500. 



3,700. 



these are the famous Six Nations, 
or, Northern Confederacy, of whom 
the Mohawks are the head, and all 
are Settled on the heads, or 
branches of Hudson's, Delaware 
and Alegany Rivers, & smaller wat- 
ers running into the Lakes Ontatio 
& Champlain, in the Northern or 
back part of N. York State, a very 
mountainous Country. 



were originally from Savanna 
River in Georgia, a brave little 
Tribe, now Settled on the Miami 
of Ohio, and the Miami of Lake 
Erie 

these are intermarried & Settled 
with the Shawaanes, & upon Lake 
Erie, & Muskingm. River, the Min- 
gos are outlayers, or Strollers of 
the Seneca Nation, mixed with the 
other three Tribes, and are alto- 
gether those brave Western Indians 
who defeated the Generals Bradock, 
Grant, Boquet, Lewis & Sinclair. 

These three small Tribes are set- 
tled between the Wabash and Mis- 
sissippi, & upon Illinois Rivers, not 
accustomed to War, & therefore of 
Little consideration. 

fighting Men altogether North of 
the River Ohio, & Limits of the 
United States 



160 



The Chipwaas, are Call'd 5,000. Men, and comprehends a number of 
small Tribes under that general Name, Settled 
North side of the great lakes in the British 
Teritory. 

South of the Ohio River, are, The Chickisaws. about, 700. Men 

Cherokees 2,500. 

Cutabaws (remnt. 
of several Trs.) 50. 

Upper & Lower 
Creeks includ- 
ing the Eutchees 5,000. 

Chactaw's, inclu- 
ding a remnant 
of the Notches 3,750. 



Fighting Men 12,000 

Mcintosh to Elisha B. Hopkins^^ 

Louisville Feby 6th. 1797 
Dear Sir 

I have written you fully dated at Sunbury, and have reason to be- 
lieve my letters went duly to Hand, I then advised you of a draft 
in favor of Mr Cole, Six Hundred Dollars payable to a Mr Crawford 
of your City, and also of a draft in favor of Thomas Collier twelve 
Hundred and thirty Dollars the last of which Mr Collier informs me 
was paid, the first could not reach you because I recalled it, two days 
after the Bills Issued and paid the Aloney; but why have I not heard 
from any of you, my business at this place was the opening a Canal, 
but so much are the attentions of the mighty engaged, so loud the 
roar of Contending factions, that the low voice of general benefit, 
resulting from the application of individual exertion to common 
Interest, cannot be heard, or if heard would be unheeded the face 
of faction on this Spott represents to my mind, the flight of two 
large flocks of birds, from opposite directions about to perch on the 
same tree, they mingle indisscriminately on the limbs, a noise alarms 
them they take wing, & each follows the flock he belonged to, they 
wheel return, approach each other and again fly of[f]. Issues are 
uncertain, on every Subject, nor can they be foreseen, but I am diss- 
posed to think we shall represent to the World a new political phe- 
nomona, the angry grow mild, and hungry dissappointment Kiss the 
Hand that unloosed her grasp of the Hysperian fruit. Ask Gu[n] 



85. This letter is in Collections of the Georgia Society. Colonial Dames 
of America, deposited with the Georgia Historical Society. It is published 
with their permission. It bears the note, "Copy to E. B. Hopkins from Lach. 
Mcintosh dated Louisville Febry. 6th. 1797." 

161 



why he has neglected his friends, he ought to have been in Georgia, 
power is fascinating and the want of pubUck Confidence a Serious 
Missfortune in a government hke ours, to have restored what we lost 
by the last Legislature I went every length and would yet have have 
gone further. If more Space had been allowed, the Celebrated Mr 
Van alien has not approached the Metropolis since my arrival at it, 
so much for News. I wish Allisons instruction how I am to act, and 
to wait for reply is my present Determination, Some of his papers, 
has travelled to this State, finding accidentally that an eye was fixed 
on my papers, I have withdrawn all Titles before they become re- 
corded, I wished thro' me that no advantages would be taken of 
Him, the trouble of redrawing them is inconsiderable, and vou Know 
there are Attachment Laws, and the property he possesses in this 
Country although bought low, is much two valuable to be lightly 
brought into Jeopardy. Commune with Him on this business and 
let me know his wishes, and be you, and he assured, they shall be 
complied with 

This will be accompanied by a Sett of Bills drawn at this place 
in favor of William Pollard & Co. Merchants, at the Stipulatated 
Sight, and will be in full of the ballance (lef[t] in your Hands by 
me, the Sum three Hundd. and Seventy Dollars, which with the Bills 
payable to Collier make the Sixteen Hundred.^*^ Make my respects 
acceptable to Mrs. Hopkins, and believe me 

Dear Sir with much respect 
Yrs. Sincerely 
Lac: Mcintosh 
Feby 6th. 1797 
Major Hopkins 

Commend me to all of the Household Chesnut Street 

L M 



86. This sentence is crossed out in the manuscript. 

162 



INDEX 



AARON, George, carries off Negroes, 54 

ADAIR, , mentioned, 30, 33 

ALEXANDER, James, in Disqualification 
Act, 94 

ALLEN, Capt., confirms report on depreda- 
tions, 11 ; report on troops at St. Augus- 
tine, 12 

ALLISON, Henry, signs recommendation of 
Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Georgia Line, 97 

ALLISON, Mr., mentioned, 162 

ALSTON, William, permitted to go to N. C, 
14 

ALTAMAHA (Alatamaha) River, fort to be 
built. 6 ; garrisoned, 12, 15, 42, 48, 58 ; 
scouts to range, 15, 16, 17, 18 ; mention- 
ed, 22 ; fort on First Landing, 28 ; orders 
for detachment at First Landing, 28-9 ; 
posts to be visited, 35 ; to be secured, 42 ; 
enemy advanced to, 46 ; measures for de- 
fense, 58 

AMELIA Island, situation of, 64-6 

AMMUNITION, shortages, 18, 54 

ANDREW, Benjamin, accused of importing 
British goods, 68 ; Wereat's opinion of, 
68, 71 ; accused of breaking constitution, 
71 : in Disqualification Act, 93 

ARMED Boats, sent to strategic places, 15 ; 
requested for Dividings, 58 

AUGUSTA, Parker and Jamison encamped 
opposite, 77 : presentments of grand jury 
concerning, 88 

BACON, John, in Disqualification Act, 95 
BAILLIE, Alexander, listed as Tory, 57 ; 
said to be spy, 67 ; not related to Mcin- 
tosh, 68 
BAILLIE, George, mentioned, 147 
BAILLIE, James, measures to protect plan- 
tation, 52 ; robbed, pursues party, 54 
BAILLIE, John, mentioned, 99 
BAILLIE, Nancy, mentioned, 100 
BAILLIE, Robert, listed as Tory, 57; let- 
ter on conditions at home, 98-100 
BAILLIE, Mrs. Robert (sister of Lachlan 

Mcintosh), mentioned, 99 
BAIRD, Sir James, victory over Georgia 

brigade, 78 
BAKER, Col. John, part of regiment at 
Fort Howe, 48 ; action on Amelia Island, 
64-5 ; makes troops sign petition against 
Mcintosh, 68 ; mentioned, 63 
BAKER, John, Sr., in Disqualification Act, 

93 
BAKER, Old, mentioned, 53n 



BAKER, William, in Disqualification Act, 
93 

BALFOUR, Col., mentioned, 98 

BARBOUR, Col., mentioned, 154 

BARCLAY, Capt. Andrew, mentioned, 1 ; 
lands on Hutchinson Island, 2 ; asks ces- 
sation of hostilities, 3 ; sailed away, 10 

BARD, John, Capt. Georgia Line, 97 

BARRINGTON, warned of Indians, 30; 
mentioned, 35, 37 ; provisions sent to, 36 ; 
Mcintosh to go there, 58 ; see also Fort 
Barrington, Fort Howe 

BARRINGTON, Jessiah, witness in mur- 
der case, 50 

BARTLEMY, Mr., buys stolen slaves, 86 

BASKETT, Lt., mentioned, 140 ; militia 
determined not to serve under, 148 

BEAL, Jonathan, witness in murder case, 
50 

BEAMS, Lt., leave to return to Carolina, 
38 

BEARD, Valentine, allowed to return to 
N.C., 11 ; ordered to Fort Barrington, 12 

BEARD'S Bluff, stockade to be built, 16, 
17, 21 ; attacked, 29, 30, 37, 58 ; relief 
sent, 30 ; details of attack, 31-3 ; post 
again manned, 32 ; company behaved 
shamefully, 33 ; post vacant, 34 ; men- 
tioned, 35 ; to be maintained to last, 42 

BEAUFORT, S. C, Georgia troops at, 13 

BEECHER, Lt., possibility of exchange, 29 

BELCHER, William, president Liberty So- 
ciety, circular, 73-4 

BELL, Mr., taken prisoner, 15 

BELLINGER, Mr., says George Mcintosh 
no traitor, 68 ; affidavit mentioned, 73 

BENEFIELD, John, on grand jury. 89 

BEVAN, Joseph Vallance, papers mention- 
ed. Introduction 

BILBO (Bilbas), John, attends council, 81; 
death mentioned, 113 

BISEL ship at Tybee, 10 

BLAND, Col. Theodoric, keeps enemy from 
Augusta, 110, 126 ; statement on Mcin- 
tosh mentioned, 112 ; comes to Georgia 
with Mcintosh, 123 

BLUNT, Dr., treats ill soldiers, 55 

BOARD of Claims, opinions on accounts and 
claims, 126-9 ; Mcintosh can get no re- 
dress from, 153 

BOND, George, deputy secretary to Con- 
gress. 86 

BOOKER, Gideon, Capt. Georgia Line, 97 

BOSTICK (Bostwick), Capt. Chesley, sent 
to Beard's Bluff, 30, 32, 34 ; report on 



163 



Beard's Bluff, 34 ; mentioned, 36, 41 ; 
orders to, 42 ; in Disqualification Act, 
95 ; on grand jury, 89 

BOSTICK, Littleberry, in Disqualification 
Act, 95 

BOSTON, British defeat mentioned, 60 

BOWEN, Oliver, report on ships at Tybee, 
10 ; to be given assistance, 44 ; mention- 
ed, 53 ; in Disqualification Act, 93 

BOWMAN, Joshua, member court martial, 
74 

BOUNTY Lands, Mcintosh to have first 
choice, 129-30. 136, 137; amount Mcin- 
tosh entitled to, 130-1 ; letters on land 
Mcintosh wants, 135-8 ; survey for Wil- 
liam Mcintosh, 136 ; Gov. Houstoun's 
opinion on. 139-40 

BOYD, Adam, judge advocate of court mar- 
tial, 75 

BRADDOCK, John, in Disqualification Act, 
94 

BRADSHAW, , goes to Savannah, 53 

BRASSARD, See Brossard 

BRENTFORD, Kings of, alluded to, 71 

BRBWTON Hill Plantation, guarded, 2 

BRIAR Creek, battle mentioned. 124 

BRICKELL. John, letter to Mcintosh, 100- 
01 

BRIGHT & Perliins, commissioned for mili- 
tary supplies, 25 

BRISBANE, Adam Fowler, in Disqualifica- 
tion Act, 94 

BRITISH, men of war at Tybee, 1, 5, 9, 10, 
12 ; unsuccessful in attaclis, 21 ; defeats 
mentioned to Indians, 60 ; Regulars at- 
taclc Amelia Island, 64-5 ; capture Savan- 
nah, 78, 85 ; retreat to Briar Creelc, 86 

BROAD River, scouts to range, 16, 17 ; 
posts to be manned, 20 ; Light Horse at, 
26 ; posts mentioned, 33 ; mentioned, 76 

BROSSARD (Brassard), Celeron, Capt. 
Georgia line, 97 

BROUGHTON Island, mentioned, 14, 15 

BROWN, Francis, in Disqualification Act, 
93 

BROWN, Col. Thomas, besieges Fort Mcin- 
tosh, 41 ; takes post on Satilla, 46 

BROWNSON, Nathan, return of troops sent 
to, 24-5 ; letter to 37-8 ; in Disqualifica- 
tion Act, 93 ; elected governor, 100 

BRYAN, Jonathan, commissioner for Cher- 
okee treaty, 63 ; in Disqualification Act, 
94 

BRYAN'S Cowpen, mentioned. 77 

BRYDIE. David, in Disqualification Act, 95 

BUFFALO Lick, company stationed, 26, 30; 
stockade to be built, 33 

BUGG, Capt. Jeremiah, orders to, 33 ; re- 
signs commission, 41 

BUGG, Lt. (Sherwood?), attacked by In- 
dains, 29; report of attack, 31-2; sent 



again to Beard's Bluff, 32 ; mentioned, 
34 
BUGG, William, arrested for disobedience, 

22 
BULLITT, Thomas, Deputy Adjutant Gen- 
eral Southern District, 7 
BULLOCH, Archibald, commands at Brew- 
ton Hill, 2 ; letter from Mcintosh, 57-9 ; 
delegate to Congress, 159 
BURKE, Capt., mentioned, 23, 24, 37 
BURKE County, McGirt reported in, 77 
BURN, William, on grand jury, 89 
BURROWS, Capt., mentioned, 150, 153 
BURT, Moody, on grand jury, 89 
BUTLER, Maj., mentioned, 100 
BUTLER, Pierce, in Disqualification Act, 

93 
BUTLER, Shem, in Disqualification Act, 
94 

CADE, Capt., arrested for disobedience, 22 ; 
volunteer to Altamaha, 31 ; released, 36 
CALDWELL, Capt., at Barrlngton, 35 ; re- 
turns from Fort Howe, 38 ; sent to Fort 
Howe, 39 ; ordered to Sapelo River, 39 
CAMPBELL, McCartan, in Disqualification 

Act, 96 
CANAL (proposed), mentioned, 161 
CANDLER, William, in Disqualification 

Act. 95 
CANNON, Mr., provisions from plantation, 

31 
CANNON, George, listed as Tory, 57 
CANNON, John, listed as Tory, 57 
CANNON, Lewis, member court martial, 74 
CANNON, William, listed as Tory, 57 
CANOOCHEE (Cananastchie) River, scouts 
to range. 16, 26 ; stockade to be built, 16, 
17 ; post to be established. 25, 31, 35 
CARNEY, Mr., house burned by Indians, 12 
CARNEYS Settlement, party sent to pro- 
tect, 58 
CARTER, Hepworth, in Disqualification 

Act. 94 ; letter to on militia, 148 
CATHEAD Creek, mentioned, 28 
CEDED Lands, mentioned, 58 ; Col. Wells 

leader in, 68 
CHAMBERS, Peter, in Disqualification Act, 

95 
CHANDLER. William, on grand jury, 89 
CHAPMAN, James, listed as Tory, 57 
CHARLES TOWN, S. C, British defeat 

mentioned, 60 
CHATHAM County, representative not qual- 
ified. 69, 70 
CHEROKEE (Ship), near Savannah, 2; 

at Tybee, 5, 10, 12 
CHEVALIER, Charles Francis, in Disquali- 
fication Act, 95 
CHISHOLM, Capt. Thomas, sent to Sa- 
vannah, 20 



164 



CINCINNATI, Society of, instructions for 
Georjj:ia delegates, 131-3 ; meeting of 
standing committee called, 139 ; presi- 
dents of state societies, 140 

CLAIMS, See Board of Claims 

CLARK, Billy, guard to be posted at his 
place, 54 

CLARK (Clarke), Elijah, mentioned, 98; 
statement on Mcintosh. 110 ; wants state- 
ment on agreement with Florida, 119 

CLARK, Thomas, president court martial, 
74-5 

CLARK, William, listed as Tory, 57 

CLARKS Fort, attacked, 44 

CLAY, Joseph, mentioned, 86, 116; in Dis- 
qualification Act, 92 

CLINTON, Sir Henry, held at bay, 8 ; ex- 
pected in Georgia, 89, 125 

COCHRAN, Jonathan, commissioner for 
Cherokee treaty, 63 

COHEN, Philip Jacob, in Disqualification 
Act, 94 

COLE, Mr. mentioned, 161 

COLLIER, Thomas, mentioned, 161 

COLLINS (Collings), Cornelius, signs rec- 
ommendation of Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. 
Georgia Line, 97 ; signs statement of offi- 
cers on Mcintosh, 112 ; mentioned, 152-3 ; 
signs resolution of officers, 129 

COLSON, Capt. Jacob, company nearly com- 
plete, 4 ; ordered to Fort Barrington, 12 ; 
mentioned, 44 

CONSTITUTION, See U. S. Constitution 

CONTINENTAL Army, returns sent, re- 
cruiting unsuccessful, 37 ; out in detach- 
ed parties, 39 ; resolves of Congress on 
promotion, 107-8 ; order on pay and ra- 
tions of officers, 120-2 ; wood allowance, 
122 ; Gov. Houstoun's opinion on promo- 
tion and bounty lands, 139-40 
Georgia Line, report of, 1, 4 ; rations, pay, 
4-5 ; report on, 6-7, 46 ; returns made, 7, 
24-5 : Ist Battalion only troops in Geor- 
ga, 21 ; pay raised, 24 ; discontent in 1st 
Battalion, 43 ; under marching orders, 44, 
61-3 ; sacrificed at Savannah, 78-9, 124 ; 
reduced, resolutions on mode of officer- 
ing, 81-4 ; deny sending letter on Mcin- 
tosh, 96 ; list of officers, 96-8 ; statement 
of officers on Mcintosh, 111-2 ; on militia, 
118 ; annihilated at Savannah and Briar 
Creek, 124 ; officers resolve Mcintosh 
to have first choice of bounty land, 129- 
30, 136, 137 
North Carolina Line, anxious to return 

home, 14 
South Carolina Line, smaller than Georgia 
battalion, pay and rations higher, 4 ; 
larger bounty for service, 4, 6, 7 

CONTINENTAL Congress, hopes they will 
take steps for defense of Georgia, 25 ; 



Mcintosh requests copy of resolutions, 37 ; 
memorial for removal of Mcintosh, 73 ; 
Glascock reports Georgia situation, 78- 
80 ; statement on Mcintosh, 114-5 ; men- 
tioned, 150 

COOK, Capt. Isham (?), Capt. Georgia 
Line, 97 

COOPER, Capt., mentioned, 77 ; Capt. Light 
Horse, 98 

COPE, Charles, in Disqualification Act, 94 

COPE, Lewis, in Disqualification Act, 94 

CORN, prospects for crop, 143-4 

CORNWALLIS, Lord, held at bay, 8 

COUNCIL of Safety, not meeting, 1 ; meets, 
resolves shipping should not sail, 2 

COWAN, Edward, Capt. Georgia Line, 97; 
signs statement of officers on Mcintosh, 
112 ; signs resolution of officers, 129, 130 

CRAWFORD, Mr., mentioned, 161 

CREIGHTON (Crighton), Alexander, listed 
as Tory, 57 ; receipt for corn, 140 

CREIGHTON Island, guard to be posted, 54 

CUNNINGHAM, John, signs recommenda- 
tion of Georgia officers, 82 ; Capt. Geor- 
gia Line, 97 

CUTHBERT, Alexander Daniel, Capt. Geor- 
gia Line, 97 ; delegate to Society of Cin- 
cinnati, 133 

CUTHBERT, Lt., mentioned, 53 

CUTHBERT, Maj., reports on 2d Battalion, 
39 ; relieved at First Landing, 40 

CUTHBERT, Seth John, on grand jury, 89 ; 
in Disqualification Act, 93 

CUYLER, Henry, in Disqualification Act, 
94 

DAMES, Capt., mentioned, 98, 99 

DARIEN, mentioned, 41, 42, 53 

DART, John Sanford, Deputy Pay Master, 
Southern Army, 121, 122 

DAVENPORT, Thomas, Lt. Georgia Line, 
97 

DAVIS, Edward, in Disqualificaton Act, 93 

DAVIS, William, in Disqualification Act, 95 

DAT, John, Capt. Georgia Line, 97 ; state- 
ment on Mcintosh, 111-2 

DECLARATION of Independence, news re- 
ceived in Georgia, 54 

DE KEISER, (De Keyser), Lee, Maj. Light 
Horse, 98 

DEMERE, Raymond, taken prisoner, 2 ; re- 
leased, 3 ; to join Washington, 47 ; dele- 
gate to Provincial Congress, 51 ; informa- 
tion to grand jury, 88 ; in Disqualifica- 
tion Act, 94 ; mentioned, 99 

DENSLER, Philip, in Disqualification Act, 
94 

D'ESTAING, Count, mentioned, 124 

DEVEAUX, Andrew, plundering, 103-4, 119 

DEVEAUX, Peter, witness to Glascock let- 



165 



ter, 92, 112 ; in Disqualification Act, 94 ; 

mentioned, 122 
DE WITT'S Corner, S. C, Clierokee treaty 

at, 63, 64 
DILLONS, mentioned, 86 
DISQUALIFICATION Act, persons named, 

92-6 
DIVIDINGS, Tiie, armed boats sent to, 14, 

15. 58 ; mentioned, 28 
DOOLY, Capt. John, Roin^r to Virginia to 

recruit, 41 ; in Disqualification Act, 93 
DOHERTY. Lt., to come to Savannali, 31 
DONALDSON, Mr., mentioned, 68 
DORSIUS, Mr. mentioned, 66 
DRAYTON, Mr., mentioned, 39 
DU COIN. John, Lt. Georgia Line, 97 ; 

signs statement of officers, 112 
DUPONT, Josiah, in Disqualification Act, 

95 
DUPORTAIL, Louis Lebique, mentioned, 

106n 

EAST FLORIDA, plundering from, 9, 10, 
11 ; to be scouted, 18 ; inroads into Geor- 
gia, 21, 23 ; Indians encouraged to war 
on Georgia, 47 ; attitude towards war, 
101-3 : plundering to stop. 102, 103 ; see 
also Florida : St. Augustine 

EDISTO River, mentioned, 78 

EDWARDS, E., Deputy Adjutant General, 
121 

EFFINGHAM County, illegally represented, 
69 

ELBERT, Samuel, report on military, 6-7 ; 
mentoned, 9, 24, 35, 39, 43, 45, 51, 62, 63, 
151, 153 ; sent to Altamaha, 32 ; direc- 
tions to, 34-5 ; information requested, 36 ; 
informs no Indians seen, 38 : at Fort 
Howe, 38 ; Mcintosh resigns command 
to him, 47-8 ; arrives in Sunbury, 61 ; 
command of Georgia Continental troops, 
62-3 ; reports on Amelia Island, 64-6 ; 
recommendations on officering Continen- 
tal Line, 81-2, 83 ; promotion recommend- 
ed, to be exchanged, 83-4 ; expresses con- 
fidence in Mcintosh, 84 ; in Disqualifica- 
tion Act, 93 ; Col. Georgia Line, 96 ; to 
be promoted, 110 ; signs statement on 
Mcintosh, 112 ; part in Mcintosh affair, 
112-3 ; promotion recommended, 116 ; ap- 
poted brigadier of militia, 125 ; mention- 
ed, 149 

ELLIOTT, John, in Disqualification Act, 96 

ELLIOTT, Thomas, in Disqualification Act, 
96 

ELMER. Mr., mentioned, 152 

EUSTACE, John Skey, sent to Florida to 
demand return of plundered property, 
119; delegate to Society of Cincinnati, 
133 



FABIAN, John, agreement with William 
Mcintosh, 157-8 

FARRELL, Thomas, letter to Mcintosh, 
142-3 

FARROL, W., indicted for murder, 89 

FENN, Zachariah, in Disqualification Act, 
95 

FENNER, Robert, member court martial, 74 

FEW, Benjamin, arrested for disobedience, 
22 ; company sent westward, 33 ; releas- 
ed, 30 ; on grand jury, 89 ; in Disqualifi- 
cation Act, 95 

FEW, Ignatius, sent to Beard's Bluff, 30 ; 
mentioned, 34 

FEW, William, in Disqualification Act, 93 ; 
delegate to Congress, 100 ; on committee 
to examine Walton and Howley, 109 

FIELD, James, delegate to Society of Cin- 
cinnati, 133 

FISHBOURN, Ann (Wereat), mentioned, 
150 ; well received in Philadelphia, 151 ; 
letter to Mcintosh, 152-3 

FISHBOURN, Eliza, mentioned, 152 

FITZPATRICK, Patrick, signs recommend- 
ation of Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Geor- 
gia Line, 97 

FORT, Barrington, attacked, 9, 11 ; men- 
tioned, 11, 26, 33 ; to be readied for de- 
fense, 16 ; principal garrison of Light 
Horse, 16, 18 ; troops sent to, 22 ; name 
changed to Fort Howe, which see also 
Charlotte, Col. Thompson to be sent to, 

45 ; mentioned, 76 
Howe, to be fortified, 21 ; troops on alert, 
22 ; Light Horse ordered to, 23 ; inade- 
quate sum voted for, 28 ; mentioned, 29, 
32, 39. 40, 44 ; headquarters Light Horse, 
30 ; to be readied. 36 ; Lt. Roach sent to, 
41 ; to be maintained to last, 42 ; orders 
concerning, 42-3 ; troops left to guard, 48 
Mcintosh, attacked, taken, 41-2 
Marbury (Marbo rough), on Great Ogee- 
chee, 16 ; troops sent to, 17 ; mentioned, 
26 
Moore, mentioned, 86 
Prince George, mentioned, 52 

FORTS, chain to be built on frontiers. 79 

FRANCE, Quakers send address to Assem- 
bly of, 152 

ERASER, Alexander, on grand jury, 89 

FRAZER, , Lt. Light Horse, 98 

FRAZIER (Frazer), John, Lt. Georgia Line, 
97 ; signs recomendation of Georgia offi- 
cers. 82 

FREDERICA, mentioned, 14, 53 ; settle- 
ment burnt, 19 

FRISBEE (Frisby), Capt., buys stolen 
slaves, 86 ; carries off Negroes, 99, 100 

FUSER, Col. L. v., takes post on Satilla, 
46 



166 



GADSDEN, Gen. Christopher, mentioned, 28 

GAILLARD, , map of S. C. mentioned, 

76 ; appointment to be confirmed, 76 

GALLIES, two launched, another building, 
25 ; requested for Dividings, 58 

GALPHIN, George, mentioned, 32 ; esti- 
mates Indian strength, 47 ; reports man 
killed by McGirt's men, 78 ; in Disqualifi- 
cation Act, 93 

GATES. Horatio, president Virginia Cin- 
cinnati, 140 

GEORGIA, second colony to be attacked, 3, 
6 ; defense measures, 5-6, 15-16 ; attack 
expected, 19, 21, 41 ; internal divisions 
mentioned, 21 ; proposed Constitution 
mentioned, 24 ; inadequate sum for forti- 
fications, 28 ; recruiting not successful, 
37 ; report on military, 45-6 ; Mcintosh's 
opinion on Ga.-S.C. boundary. 75-6 ; S.C. 
encroaching, 76 ; weak state of, 77 ; situ- 
ation reported to Congress, 78-80 ; de- 
fense necessary to protect other states, 
79 ; endangered on all sides, 79 ; heavy ex- 
penses of government, 86-7 ; usurpation 
of government charged by grand jury, 88, 
89 ; salaries and numbers of civil and 
military officers, 89-91 ; number of men 
available for government, 90-1 ; govern- 
ment usurped, 108-9, 125 : state of fi- 
nances, expense of government, 154-6 ; 
condition at beginning of war, 159-60 
Assembly (Convention), wrangling, 23; 
raises troop pay, 24 ; considering state 
of province, 25 ; votes inadequate sum 
for forts, 28 ; promotions in army, 40 ; 
five elected for two vacancies in House, 
qualifications of representatives, 69 ; 
Catholic member in House, 69 ; some 
members of House improperly elected, 69- 
71 : resolutions on officering Continental 
Line, 81-4 ; recommends trial of Howe 
for conduct at Savannah, 85 ; large rep- 
resentation and pay charged by grand 
jury, 86 ; usurped, 88 ; mentioned in Mc- 
intosh affair, 108, 109, 110, 111, 113, 
114; report of Committee on Mcintosh, 
117-8 : involved in Mcintosh affair, 123-5 ; 
difficulty of raising House, 123 ; Mcin- 
tosh's letter on conduct of, 161-2 
Battalion, see Continental Army, Georgia 

Line 
Constitution, articles violated, 68-71 
Council, mentioned, 13 ; requests return of 
troops, 13. 14 ; directs Florida expedi- 
tion, 48 ; refuses hearing on Mcintosh, 
62-3 ; President should take same oath 
as Governor, 71 ; resignation threatened, 
72 ; resolutions on officering Continen- 
tal Line, 81-4 ; recommends removal of 
Mcintosh from command in Georgia, 83- 
4 ; mentioned in Mcintosh affair, 110, 



112, 113; involved in Mcintosh affair, 
123-5 ; elected, 123 ; at Siege of Savan- 
nah, 124 ; in conspiracy to usurp gov- 
ernment, 125 

Governor, interference with judiciary 
charged, 88 ; see also names of governors 

Militia, command taken by Mcintosh, 1 ; 
little success in raising, 11 ; ready to 
march to St. Augustine, 61 ; aids Conti- 
nentals at Savannah, 78-9 ; officers deny 
they recommended removal of Mcintosh, 
84-5 ; estimate of officers, 90-1 ; state- 
ment on by officers of Georgia Line, 
118 ; few in state, 123-4 ; at Siege of 
Savannah, 124 ; letter concerning, 148 
Packet (ship), mentioned, 23, 25, 37, 150 
Provincial Congress, delegates from St. 
Andrew's Parish, 51 

GERRELL, Charles, member court martial, 
74 

GERRY, Blbridge, mentioned, 145 

GERVAIS & Owens, mentioned, 150 

GIBBONS, John, in Disqualification Act, 
95 

GIBBONS, Joseph, in Disqualification Act, 
94 

GIBBONS, William, in Disqualification Act, 
94 ; on committee to examine Walton 
& Howley, 109 ; letter from Walton on 
Mcintosh affair, 113-4 

GIBBONS, William (the younger), in Dis- 
qualification Act, 95 

GLASCOCK, Thomas, reports McGirt in 
Burke County, 77-8 ; signs recommenda- 
tion of Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Geor- 
gia Line. 97 

GLASCOCK. William, appoints commis- 
sioners for Cherokee treaty. 63-4 ; re- 
ports Georgia situation to Congress, re- 
quests removal of Mcintosh. 78-80 ; de- 
clares letter to Congress a forgery, 80, 
91-2, 96, 112, 117, 125 ; in Disqualifica- 
tion Act, 93 ; inquiry into conduct re- 
garding Mcintosh, 108-17 ; affidavit ex- 
onerating Mcintosh, 122-6 ; appointed 
Speaker, 124, 126 

GLEN, John, in Disqualification Act, 94 

GORDON, James, in Disqualification Act, 
96 

GRAHAM, , entrenched near Wright's 

Fort, 10 

GRANT, Capt., stationed off St. John's, 12 

GRANT. Maj.. lands on Hutchinson Island, 
2 ; asks cessation of hostilities, 3 

GRANT, Robert, listed as Tory, 57 

GRAVES, John, in Disqualification Act, 95 

GRAY, , deserted, 52 

GRAY, Tom, reports Indians in council of 
war, 14, 15 ; takes talk to Indians, 27, 
37, 59, 60 

GREENE, Nathanael, letter from Mcintosh 



167 



on incursions from East Florida, 103-4 ; 
order on pay and rations of officers, 120- 
2 : president of Rhode Island Cincinnati, 
140 
GRIFFIN, Mathew, in Disqualification Act, 

94 
GRIFFITH, Dr., mentioned, 152 
GUNX, James, mentioned. 149, 101 
GWINNETT, Ann (Mrs. Button), men- 
tioned. 9 
GWINNETT, lUittoii, report by Mcintosh 
in sitiKilion in Gcirsia, "i-f! ; mentioned, 
8, 9, 15, 17, 18, 21 ; requests return of 
troops, 13, 14 ; has not sent Continental 
troops to Mcintosh, 43 ; Mcintosh re- 
ports on Continental troops, 44 ; asks 
Mcintosh for assistance, 44 ; Mcintosh 
requests no delay in Florida expedition, 
47 ; part in St. Augustine expedition, 
61-3 : no prerogative to call council of 
war, Gl-2 : affair wtih secret committee 
mentioned, 68 
GWINNETT, Elizabeth, mentioned. 9 

HABERSHAM, James, in Disqualification 
Act, 94 

HABERSH.\M, John, report on ships at 
Tybee, 10 ; ordered to Fort Howe, 42 ; 
mentioned, 80 ; in Disqualification Act, 
94 ; Major Georgia Line, 96 ; exchanged, 
101 ; signs statement of Georgia officers, 
112 ; Mcintosh sends letter on Indian 
affairs, 142 

HABERSHAM, Joseph, letter to, 20-1 ; or- 
ders military stores from Philadelphia, 
25 ; mentioned, 100-101 ; in Disqualifica- 
tion Act, 94 

HALIFAX, invasions from mentioned, 80 

HALL, Lyman, mentioned, 9 ; return of 
troops sent to, 24-5 ; letter to, 37-8 ; 
brings up question of councils of war, 
62 : Wereat's opinion of, 68 ; efforts 
against George Mcintosh fail, 72 ; in 
Disqualification Act, 93 ; letter from 
Mcintosh on plundering from Florida, 
119 

HAMILTON, Brig. Gen., to be exchanged 
for Elbert, 83-4 

HAMILTON, Robert, in Disqualification 
Act, 94 

HANDLEY, George, mentioned, 54 ; signs 
recommendation of Georgia officers. 83 ; 
information to grand jury, 88 : Capt. 
Georgia Line, 96 ; signs statement of of- 
ficers. 112, 129, 130 

HARDY, John, attends council. 81 ; in Dis- 
qualification Act, 93; mentioned, 113 

HARRIS, Lt. Col. Francis Henry, ordered 
to headquarters, 42-3 ; to be relieved, 43 ; 
mentioned, 72 



HARRIS. James, in Disqualification Act, 
95 

HAWKINS, Benjamin, letter from McGilli- 
vruy on Indian affairs, 140-2 ; mentioned, 
150, 154 

HAYS, Arthur, Lt. Georgia Line, 97 ; signs 
statement of officers, 112, 129 

HEARD, Mr., to lay out fortificatons at 
F<irt Ilov.e. 21 

IIKAUI), Stephen, attends council, 81; 
statement (.n IMcInlosli. 110-1 

HRUDS Island, mentioned, 31, 36 

HESTER'S Bluff, enemy battery on, 65 

HETH, Maj. Gen., president Cincinnati in 
New Hampshire, 140 

HICKS, Isaac (?), Capt. Georgia Line, 96 

HICKS, Nathaniel, on grand jury, 89 

HILL, Capt., stationed on Ogeechee, 31 ; 
mentioned, 33, 35 

HILLARY, Christopher, signs recommend- 
ation of Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Georgia 
Line, 97 ; signs statement of officers, 
112, 129 

HINCHINBROKE (ship), approaches Sa- 
vannah, attacked, 2 

HOLMES, , reported at Bryan's Cow- 
pen, 77 ; mentioned, 101 

HOLMES, John, mentioned, 20 ; in Dis- 
qualification Act, 94 

HOLZENDORF, William, in Disqualification 
Act. 93 

HOPKINS, Elisha B., letter from Mcin- 
tosh on conduct of Assembly, 161-2 

HOREN( Oren), Zachariah, witness in mur- 
der case, 50 

HORNBY, William, in Disqualification Act, 
93 

HOUSTOUN, Dr. James, leaves service for 
health, 47 ; in Disqualification Act, 94 

HOUSTOUN, John. Mcintosh sends opin- 
ion on Ga.-S.C. boundary. 75-6 ; in Dis- 
qualification Act, 92 ; declines to de- 
fend Mcintosh, 104; mentioned. 113; 
letter from Mcintosh on bounty lands, 
136-8 ; opinion on promotion of officers 
and bounty lands. 139-40 ; delegate to 
Congress, 159 

HOUSTOUN. Sir Patrick, listed as Tory, 
57 ; mentioned, 86 ; in Disqualification 
Act. 96 

HOVENDON'S Fort, on Broad River. 16, 17 

HOVER, , murdered by Indians, 22 ; 

murderers captured, 27 

HOWE, (Lt. ) Rul)ert. signs recommenda- 
ton of Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Georgia 
Line, 97 

HOWE, (Gen.) Robert, reports to, 9, 11-12, 
14-15, 17-19, 23, 27-8, 31-3. 38-9, 41, 44-5 ; 
goes to Sunbury, 21 ; mentioned, 24, 25, 
37, 45, 61 : Mcintosh asks opinion on 
exchange of prisoners, 29 ; trial recom- 



168 



mended for conduct at Savannah, 85 

HOWE, Gen. Sir William, goes to Trenton, 
28 

HOWELL, Lt., mentioned, 12, 13 

HOWLEY, Richard, complains of Mcintosh 
to Congress, 80 ; attends council, 81 ; 
one of usurpers of Georgia government, 
89, 124 ; in Disqualification Act, 93 ; repu- 
tation, 100-01 ; said to have taken Geor- 
gia records to Philadelphia, 106 ; inquiry 
into conduct, 108-17 ; gives no evidence 
on Mcintosh, 114 ; memorial on Mcin- 
tosh referred to, 116 ; part in conspiracy 
on Mcintosh, 122-6 ; appointed to coun- 
cil, 124 

HUME, James, letter from Mcintosh on 
murder case, 50 

HUNTINGTON, Samuel, transmits papers 
from Congress, 114 ; mentioned, 117 

HURRICANE, Jamaica storm described, 
134-5 

HUSTON'S, enemy post at, 78 

HUTCHINSON Island, British land, 2 ; 
pursued, 3 

INDIANS, attacks expected, 7, 32, 44, 46-7 ; 
plundering and incursions, 9, 10, 11, 19, 
22, 23. 27, 28, 29, 30, 36, 44, 46-7, 51, 
58-9, 64-5, 80 ; reported in council of 
war, 14 ; defense measures against, 15- 
17, 26, 33, 34, 35, 37 ; prisoners taken, 
25. 27, 37, 52, 60; S.C. may claim Creek 
and Cherokee lands, 38 ; estimate of 
strength, 47 ; talk sent to Creeks, 59-60 ; 
commissioners appointed for Cherokee 
treaty, 63-4 ; letter to Hawkins concern- 
ing, 140-2 ; strength of tribes in limits 
ceded to U.S., 160-1 

INMAN, Joshua, in Disqualification Act, 93 

IRVINE, Mr., mentioned, 152 

JACKSON, James, correspondence vdth 
Wereat on defending Mcintosh, 104-6 ; 
on committee to examine Walton and 
Howley. 109 

JACOBS, , mentioned, 23 

JAMAICA, hurricane described. 134-5 
JAMISON, Maj., encamped opposite Augus- 
ta. 77 
JARRATT, Devereaux, in Disqualification 

Act. 95 
JENKINS, John, in Disqualification Act, 94 
JOHNSON, Laban, Lt. of artillery, 98 
JOHNSTON, James, suggestion that he pub- 
lish Quakers' address to France, 152 
JOHNSTON, Stephen, in Disqualification 

Act, 94 
JONES, Henry, in Disqualification Act, 95 
JONES, Noble Wimberly, Mcintosh requests 
list of vacancies, sends returns. 40 ; re- 
port to on officers, 41 ; in Disqualification 



Act, 92 ; mentioned, 99 ; delegate to Con- 
gress, 100 ; letter to on Walton-Howley 
affair, 108-9 

JONES, Thomas, indictment by grand jury, 
120 

JONES, Mr., representative from Burke 
County, 69 

JORDAN, , Lt. Georgia Line, 97 

KEAN, Mr., mentioned, 151, 152 
KELL, John, in Disqualification Act, 96 
KENNEDY, Angus, listed as Tory, 57 
KENNON (Kinnon), Col. William, men- 
tioned, 18 ; supplies requested, 39 
KENT, Charles, in Disqualification Act, 95 
KEOWEE, S.C, mentioned, 52 
KEOWBE River, mentioned. 76 
KERSHAW. Col., mentioned, 100 
KNOX, Gen. Henry, letter on his promo-' 
tion, 106-8 

LACITER. Camel, to build barn, 53, 55 

LANE, John, Major Georgia Line, 96 

LANG, Mr., mentioned, 147 

LANGDON. Mr., mentioned, 152 

LANGWORTHY, Edward, action for per- 
jury pending, delegate to Congress, 73 ; 
said to have written circular against 
Mcintosh, 74 ; in Disqualification Act, 93 

LAURENS, Henry, letter to, 21 

LAURENS. Col. John, Negroes carried off 
his plantation, 54 

LAW. Sgt.. mentioned, 53, 54, 55 

LAWSON, Col. Robert (?), reports Indians 
at St. Marys, 23 ; exchange mentioned, 
29 

LECONTE, William, in Disqualification Act, 
95 

LEE, Gen. Charles, letters from Elbert, 6-8 ; 
reports from Mcintosh, 9-11 ; mentioned, 
15, 24, 45 ; reports to on Florida incurs- 
ions. 51-2 ; expected in Savannah, 53 

LESLIE, Gen., to be applied to in case of 
plundering, 104 

LIBERTY Society, intrigue against Mcin- 
tosh, 66-72 

LIGHT Horse, being raised in Georgia, 5 ; 
near Wright's Fort, 10 ; to protect back 
settlements, 15 ; return requested, 14, 31 ; 
attacks on Satilla, 15 ; to remain at Fort 
Howe, 16, 21-2, 30 ; complaints against, 
20, 26 ; few recruited, 21 ; enlistment or- 
ders, 22, 26-7 ; number of men, 25 ; com- 
pany at Ogeechee and Broad Rivers, 26 ; 
made Continentals, disordered, 32. 34, 37, 
46 ; no money for pay, 32 ; officers need- 
ed, 36 ; some killed in Indian attack, 37 ; 
return sent, 38 ; Mr. Norway adjutant, 
40 ; officers, 98 

LILLIBRIDGE, Mr., mentioned, 147 

LINCOLN, Gen. Benjamin, letter from Mc- 



169 



Intosh, 77-8 ; removal of Mcintosh rec- 
oininpiided to, 83 ; sends Mcintosh from 
Georgia, 111 ; letter mentioned, 112 ; men- 
tioned 114, 125; has confidence of Geor- 
gians, 116 

LLOYD, Benjamin, in Disqualification Act, 
94 

LORICK, John, mentioned, 53n 

LOW (Lowe), Philip, in Disqualification 
Act, 95 ; Major Georgia Line, 96 ; signs 
statement of officers. 112 

LUCAS, John, signs statement of Georgia 
officers. 83 ; Capt. Georgia Line, 97 ; 
statement on Mcintosh, 111-2; draft for 
pay, 121-2 ; delegate to Society of Cin- 
cinnati, 133 ; mentioned, 151, 153 

MCCLURE, John, in Disqualification Act, 
92 

MCDANIEL. William, Lt. Georgia Dra- 
goons, 98 

MCDONALD. Alexander, listed as Tory, 57 

MCDONALD, Archibald, listed as Tory, 57 

MCDONALD, Charles, chairman of St. An- 
drew's Committee, 57 

MCDONALD, John, Sr., listed as Tory, 57 

MCDONALD, John, Jr., listed as Tory, 57 

MCDONALD, John (the mason), listed as 
Tory. 57 

MCDONALD, William, listed as Tory, 57 ; 
signs recommendation of Georgia offi- 
cers, 82 

MCDOUGALL. Maj.-Gen. Alexander, presi- 
dent New York Cincinnati, 140 

MCFARLAND (McParling), Capt. James, 
arrested for disobedience, 22 ; volunteers 
for Altamaha, 31 ; company sent west- 
ward, 33 : released, 36 

MCG , James, mentioned, 141 

MCGEE, Hugh, in Disqualification Act, 95 

MCGIBBONY, Patricli, member court mar- 
tial, 74 

MCGILLIVRAY, Alexander, letter on In- 
dian affairs, 140-2 

MCGIRT, Daniel, men raiding in Georgia, 
11; in attacii on Amelia Island, 05; ex- 
pected at Bryans Cowpen, 77 

MCINTOSH, Esther (Hetty) (daughter of 
Lachlan), report on studies. 52; ill, 54-5 

MCINTOSH, George (brother of Lachlan), 
produce engaged for provisions, 31, 36; 
mentioned. 50; delegate to I'rovincial 
Congress. 51 ; said to have been shielded 
by Lachlan. 67 ; innocent of treason, 67-8 ; 
case against mentioned, 68, 71 ; justice 
denied, 72 

MCINTOSH, George (son of Lachlan), re- 
port on studies, 52, 55 ; mentioned, 143, 
144 

MCINTOSH. Henry (son of Lachlan), re- 
port on studies, 52, 55 



MCINTOSH, Jane (wife of William), Ne- 
groes carried off, 100 

MCINTOSH, John, listed as Tory, 57 

MCINTOSH, John (son of William), or- 
ders to, 40, 41 ; delegate to Provincial 
Congress, 51 ; in Disqualification Act, 94 ; 
Lt. Col. Georgia Line, 96 ; signs state- 
ment of officers, 112; mentioned, 143 

MCINTOSH, John (brother of Lachlan), 
property destroyed in hurricane, 134-5 

MCINTOSH, John (son of Lachlan), aid 
asked for relief of uncle, 135 ; letters 
from father on plantation affairs, 143-4, 
147 

MCINTOSH, Gen. Lachlan, takes command 
Georgia militia, 1 ; at southern frontier, 
6, 8 ; called to Fort Howe, 23 ; intrigues 
against, 23-4, 66-72 ; government he pre- 
fers, 24 ; regrets Howe's lack of confi- 
dence, 27, 28 ; requests provisions, 31 ; 
resigns command to Elbert, 47-8 ; dele- 
gate to Provincial Congress, chairman of 
committee St. Andrew's Parish, 51 ; 
asks Indians to Savannah to make peace, 
60 ; talk sent to Creeks, 59-00 ; account 
of preliminaries of St. Augustine expedi- 
tion, 61-3 ; calls council of officers at 
Sunbury, 61, 62 ; Georgia Council re- 
fuses hearing, 62-3 ; agitation for remov- 
al, 73-4, 79-80, 83-4 ; opinion on Ga.-S.C. 
boundary, 75-6 ; opinion on government, 
76 ; proposes grants to settlers on Mis- 
sissippi, 77 ; other complaints against, 80 ; 
Elbert expresses confidence in, 84 ; mili- 
tia officers deny recommending removal, 
84-5 ; comments on presentments of 
grand jury, 89-91 ; in Disqualification 
Act, 92 ; Glascock letter a forgery, 91-2, 
96; letter from Robert Baillie, 98-100; 
exchanged, 98 ; letter from John Brick- 
ell, 100-01 ; on incursions from East Flor- 
ida, 103-4, 106. 119; correspondence of 
Wereat and Jackson regarding, 104-6 ; 
requests promotion, 106-7 ; notes on rules 
of promotion, 107-8 ; inquiry into con- 
spiracy against, 108-18 ; letter of Walton 
concerning, 113-4, 115-6; in Philadelphia 
and New Jersey, 122 ; exonerated in Glas- 
cock affidavit, 122-6 ; returned to Geor- 
gia, at Siege of Savannah. 123-4 ; no com- 
mand in Georgia after Siege of Savan- 
nah. 126 ; officers resolve he have first 
bounty choice, amount entitled to, 129- 
31 ; instructions to delegates to the Cin- 
cinnati. 131-3; account with public. 133- 
4 ; on bounty land he wants, 135-8 ; 
president Georgia Society of Cincinnati, 
140; on plantation affairs, 143-4, 147; 
letter on II. S. Constitution, 144-6 ; 
invitation to dinner for Washington, 148 ; 
letter from Sheftall on his property, 148- 



170 



9 ; correspondence with Wereat on his 
claims, 150-3 ; letter on surveying prop- 
erty, 158 ; on state of Georgia at begin- 
ning of Revolution, 159-60 ; on conduct 
of assembly, 161-2 
MCINTOSH, Lachlan. Jr. (son of Lachlan), 
letters to his father, 52-6 ; sketch of mil- 
itary career, 52n ; reports on his com- 
pany, 53, 54, 55, 56 ; mentioned, 75, 77 ; 
signs recommendation of Georgia officers, 
82 ; Capt. Georgia Line, 96 
MCINTOSH, Lachlan, Jr. (son of William), 
mentioned, 52n, 135 ; Lt. Georgia Line, 97 
MCINTOSH, Lachlan (of South Carolina), 

visits relatives in Georgia, 147 
MCINTOSH, Roderick, delegate to Provin- 
cial Congress, 51 ; listed as Tory, 57 
MCINTOSH, Sarah (wife of Lachlan). men- 
tioned. 99, 143 
MCINTOSH, William (brother of Lachlan), 
reports on depredations, 11, 12 ; return 
of troops requested, 14 ; attacks party 
from Florida, 15 ; orders to, 15-7, 21-2, 
23, 25-6, 30-1, 33-4 : attacks on charac- 
ter of, 23 ; establishing posts, 28 ; goes 
southward, 29, 30 ; pursues raiding par- 
ty, 32 ; requests leave for health, 34 ; let- 
ter about provisions, 36 ; sick leave, 38 ; 
delegate to Provincial Congress, 51 ; Ne- 
groes carried off, 54, 99, 100 ; plantation 
plundered, 54, 104 ; said to have re- 
signed because of demand, 67 ; charges 
groundless, 67-8 ; in Disqualification Act, 
95 ; mentioned, 98 : prisoner on parole, 
99 ; commissioner to confer with Florida 
governor, 101 : aid asked for relief of 
brother John, 135 
MCINTOSH, William (son of Lachlan), 
Capt. Georgia Line, 97 ; signs statement 
of Georgia officers, 112 ; bounty land to 
be surveyed for. 136 ; mentioned, 139 : 
agreement with Fabian on planting crops, 
157-8 ; letter to father on plantation af- 
fairs, 157 
MCINTOSH, William (Capt. in British 
Army), said to have stirred up Indians, 
67 ; not related to Lachlan Mcintosh, 68 
MCINTOSH Family, reported well, 52, 53, 

54-5 ; situation of, 100 
MCINTOSH Plantation, report of, 53, 55 
MCKAY, Angus, listed as Tory, 57 
MCKAY, Donald, listed as Tory, 57 
MCKINZIE, Hugh, listed as Tory. 57 
MCLEOD, Murdock. listed as Tory. 57 
MCLEAN, Andrew, on grand jury, 89 ; in 
Disqualification Act, 96 ; mentioned, 111, 
114 
MCLEAN, John, in Disqualification Act, 96 
MCLEAN, Josiah, in Disqualification Act, 
96 



MCMURPHY. Daniel, sent to Indian nation, 
insolent behavior, 142 

MCQUEEN, Mr., mentioned, 149 

MAITLAND, John, lands on Hutchinson 
Island, 2 ; asks cessation of hostilities, 3 ; 
arrival expected at Bryans Cowpen, 77 

MANSON, , plundering, 119 

MARABLE, Mat, mentioned, 100 

MARBURY (Marborough), Leonard, orders 
to, 16, 17, 21-2, 23, 33-4 ; fails to report 
at Barrington, 19 ; reprimanded, 19-20 ; 
delays, 19, 20, 21 ; establishing posts, 28 ; 
goes southward, 29 ; to come to Savan- 
nah, 31 ; pursues raiding party, 32 ; men- 
tioned, 30, 34, 84 ; comes for money for 
troops, 36, 38 ; resigns commission, 38 ; 
requests no further orders, 41 ; Mcintosh 
to assist, 58 ; in Disqualification Act, 95 ; 
Lt. Col. of Light Horse, 98 

MARINES, mentioned, 14 

MARTIN, , deserted, 52 

MARTIN, James, in Disqualification Act, 95 

MARTIN, John, in Disqualification Act, 95 ; 
letter from Tonyn on conduct of war, 
101-3, 119 ; letter from Mcintosh, 106 

MATHEWS, William, muster master, 98 

MAXWELL, Elisha, in Disqualification Act, 
95 

MAXWELL, Thomas, in Disqualification 
Act, 93 

MAXWELL, Thomas, Jr., in Disqualifica- 
tion Act, 95 

MEANLY, John, signs recommendation of 
Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Georgia Line, 97 

MELVIN. George, Capt. Georgia Line, 97 ; 
signs resolution of officers, 129 

MIDDLETON (Myddleton), Capt. Charles 
resigns commission, 41 

MIDDLETON, Hugh, in Disqualification 
Act, 96 

MIDDLETON, Col. Robert, attends coun- 
cil, 81 ; statement on Mcintosh, 109-10 

MILITARY Stores, scant, 18, 25 ; ordered 
from Philadelphia, 25 

MILLEDGE, John, Jr., in Disqualification 
Act, 94 

MILLER, Elisha, Lt. Georgia Line, 97 ; 
signs resolution of officers, 129 

MILLER, Samuel, in Disqualification Act, 
93 

MILLS, Thomas, store in Savannah men- 
tioned, 52 

MILTON, John, mentioned, 10 ; Capt. Geor- 
gia Line, 97 ; signs statement of Georgia 
officers, 112, 129 ; secretary Society of 
Cincinnati, 133 ; letter from Mcintosh on 
bounty lands, 138 

MINIS, Philip, mentioned, 29 ; ignores re- 
quest for supplies, 39 ; in Disqualification 
Act, 94 



171 



MISSISSIPPI River, mentioned, 76 ; grants 
for settlers proposed, 77 

MONTGOMERY, Sgt., deserter, plundering, 
28 

MOORE, Andrew, in Disqualification Act, 
93 

MORECOCK, H., murdered, 89 

MOREL, John, mentioned, 119 

MOREL, Mrs. John, plantation plunder- 
ed, 104 

MORRIS, Capt. Thomas, orders to, 14 ; on 
grand jury, 89 ; in Disqualification Act, 
93 

MORRISON, John, signs recommendation 
of Georgia officers, 82 ; mentioned, 52 ; 
Lt. Georgia Line, 97 

MOSELEY, John, Lt. Georgia Line, 97 

MOSELY, Littleberry, signs recommenda- 
tion of Georgia officers, 82 ; Capt. Geor- 
gia Line, 97 

MOULTRIE, William, mentioned, 28, 96n ; 
president S.C. Cincinnati, 140 

MOWAT, Capt., mentioned, 23 

MOWBERRY (Mowbray), Capt., in St. 
Johns River, 12, 65 ; reported in Sapelo 
River. 39 

MUHLENBURG (Mewlenburg), Peter, at 
Sunbury, 11 ; orders to, 13, 14 ; wants to 
return home, 14 ; permitted to leave, 18 ; 
mentioned, 108 

MULLRYNE Plantation on Tybee pluder- 
ed. 12 

MUCKINFUSS (Mackenfuss), , men- 
tioned, 21, 27 

NASH, Clement, sent to Congress with com- 
plaints against Mcintosh, 80 ; sipns rec- 
ommendation of Georgia officers, 82 ; 
Capt. Georgia Line, 97 ; mentioned, 116 

NEW Hope Plantation, Negroes carried off, 
54 

NEW YORK, British defeat mentioned, 60 ; 
invasion from mentioned, 80 

NICHOLSON, Robert, member court mar- 
tial, 74 

NOCTURNAL Club, mentioned, 74 

NORTH CAROLINA, troops permitted to 
return home, 18 ; recruiting in, 24, 46 

NORWAY, Anthony, Adjutant Light Horse, 
22, 40 

O'BRYAN, , mentioned, 150 

O'BRYEN (O'Brian), William, in Disquali- 
fication Act, 92 

ODINGSELL, Benjamin, in Disqualification 
Act. 94 

ODINGSELL, Charles, in Disqualification 
Act, 94 

OGDEN, Thomas, mentioned, 100 

OGEECHEE River, scouts to range, 16, 17 ; 
stockade to be built, 16, 25, 26; troops 



to be posted in forts, 20 ; company of 
Light Horse at, 26 ; posts mentioned, 33 ; 
post near Queensborough, 35 ; mentioned, 
77 ; enemy post on, 78 

OHOOPEE River, post needed, 35 ; men- 
tioned, 58 

OLDIS, Capt. William {?), burns settle- 
ment on Frederica, 19 ; plunders St. Sim- 
ons, 58 

O'NEAL, Charles, member court martial, 
74 

OREN, see Horen 

OSBURN, Capt., takes brig in St. Marys 
River, 12 ; expected to attack Darien, 52 ; 
over Tybee bar, 53; killed, 101 

OSSABAW Island, meager company raised, 
11 

OSWALD (Ozwald), Joseph, in Disqualifi- 
cation Act, 93 

PACE, Thomas, on grand jury, 89 ; in Dis- 
qualification Act, 95 

PANNILL, Joseph, signs recommendation 
of Georgia officers, 82 ; signs statement 
of officers, 112; letter from Mcintosh 
on bounty land he wants, 135-6 

PANTON, William, says George Mcintosh 
no traitor, 68 

PARIS, Peter, on grand jury, 89 

PARKER, Sir Peter, fleet defeated, 8 

PARKER, Richard, encamped opposite Au- 
gusta, 77 ; commended by Executive Coun- 
cil, 84 ; keeps enemy from Augusta, 110, 
126 ; statement on Mcintosh mentioned, 
112 ; stand against Mcintosh, 113-4, ser- 
vices mentioned, 116 ; comes to Georgia 
with Mcintosh, 123 ; commands Conti- 
nentals in Georgia, 125 

PARSONS, Samuel H., president Connecti- 
cut Cincinnati, 140 

PAYNE, Thomas, signs recommendation of 
Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Georgia Line, 97 

PEACOCK, William, in Disqualification 
Act, 94 

PEARRE, Nathaniel, signs recommendation 
of Georgia officers, 82, 112 

PENGRU. William, mentioned, 143, 144 

PENSACOLA, Indian council of war at, 14 

PERONNEAU, Mr., says George Mcintosh 
no traitor, 68 : affidavit for George Mc- 
intosh mentioned, 73 

PERRY (Pearre ?), Lt. Georgia Line, 97 

PHENIX, Capt., mentioned, 18 

PICKENS, Andrew, commissioner for In- 
dian treaty, 141 

PIGGIN, Col., in Disqualification Act, 93 

PIERCE. John, Pay Master General, 121, 
122 ; mentioned, 151. 153 

PIERCY, William, in Disqualification Act, 
93 



172 



PLATT, Ebenezer Smith, in Disqualification 
Act, 94 

POLLAUD, William, & Co., mentioned, 162 

POLLOCK, Cashman, in Disqualification 
Act, 94 

POLLY (sloop), mentioned, 152 

POWELL, Josiah, in Disqualification Act, 
93 

PRAY, Job, in Disqualification Act, 96 

PREVOST, Col. James Mark, believed lead- 
ing marauding parties, 41 

PROCTOR, , leads Indian raids, 11, 12, 

15 

PUGH, Francis, in Disqualification Act, 
95 

PUGH, James, in Disqualification Act, 95 

PURRYSBURG, mentioned, 86 

QUAKERS, receive Wereat in Philadelphia, 
address to Assembly of France mention- 
ed, 152 

QUEEXSBOROUGH, stocliades to be near, 
25, 26, 31, 33, 35 

RAE, James, on grand jury, 89 ; in Dis- 
qualification Act, 95 

RAE, John, mentioned, 149 

RAVEN (Ship), at Tybee, 5, 10; at St. 
Augustine, 12 

READ, Toms, witness in murder case, 50 

REES, David, Deputy Judge Advocate, 98 

REYNOLDS, Joseph, in Disqualification 
Act, 94 

RICE, Joseph, taken prisoner, 2 ; released, 3 

RICE, affair of rice ships, 1-4 ; good crop, 
52. 55 

RICHMOND County, presentments of grand 
jury, 86-9 ; one of two counites not In 
possession of enemy, 89, 90 

ROACH, William, mentioned. 13 ; sent to 
Fort Howe, 41 

ROBERTS, Daniel, taken prisoner, 2, re- 
leased, 3 

ROOTES, George, recommended to Georgia 
House, proposes bringing settlers from 
Virginia, 118-9 

ROSE, Col., offers supplies to Mcintosh fam- 
ily, 101 

ROSS, David, listed as Tory, 57 

ROSS, William, listed as Tory, 57 

RYAN, John, listed as Tory, 57 

ST. ANDREWS Parish, confused condition, 
9 ; little success in raising militia, 11 ; 
resolutions of inhabitants, 50-1 ; resolve 
of Parochial Committee, 56-7 ; list of 
Tories, 57 

ST. AUGUSTINE, report on troops there, 
5, 7, 12. 46, 51 ; troops reported on march, 
7 ; incursions from, 12, 13, 28, 37, 51 ; 
mentioned, 14 ; measures to prevent plun- 



dering from, 16 ; some Georgians move 
to, 71 

ST. CLAIR, Maj.-Gen. Arthur, president 
Pennsylvania Cincinnati, 140 

ST. CATHERINES Island, meager company 
raised, 11 ; guard left on, 13 

ST. GEORGES Parish, agitation against 
Mcintosh, 68 

ST. JOHN (sloop), approaches Savannah, 
attacked, 2 ; stationed in St. Marys Riv- 
er, 10 

ST. JOHNS Parish, confused condition, 9 ; 
efforts at start of war negligible, 159 

ST. JOHNS River, mentioned, 28 ; scouts 
to range, 58 

ST. MATTHEWS Parish, actions of govern- 
or in, 68 

ST. MARYS River, rangers sent to, 19; 
stockades to be built, 21, 22, 25. 28, 3U ; 
Indians expected, 22 ; Elbert to make 
stand at, 65 

ST PAULS Parish, Wells leader in, 68; 
ruinous condition of church, 88 

ST. SIMONS Island, plundering on, 58; 
see also Frederica 

SALTER, Capt. John, at Buffalo Lick, 26, 
30, 33 

SALTUS, Samuel, in Disqualification Act, 
93 

SAMPLES, William, court martial, 75 

SANDIFORD, John, in Disqualification 
Act, 93 

SAPELO Island, guard left on, 13 ; men- 
tioned, 28, 41 

SAPELO River, armed sloop in, 39 

SATILLA River, stockades, 16, 21, 22, 25, 
28, 30, 32, 34 ; scouts to range, 16, 58 ; 
posts to be visited, 35 ; Fort Mcintosh 
taken, 41-2 ; mentioned, 42, 65 ; post tak- 
en, 46 

SAVAGE, Thomas, in Disqualification Act, 
93 ; mentioned, 99, 100 

SAVANNAH, threatened, defense meas- 
ures, 1 ; first action at, 2-3 : headquar- 
ters in, 15, 17 ; council of war at, 61 ; 
number of representatives in House, 69 ; 
mentioned, 76 ; capture of, 78-9, 85, 86, 
123; Mcintosh at siege, 109, 110, 111, 
112; siege mentioned, 123, 124 

SAVANNAH River, hulk sunk to block chan- 
nel, 2 ; scouts to range, 16, 17, 18 ; men- 
tioned, 76 

SAXTON, Nathaniel, in Disqualification 
Act, 85 

SCARBOROUGH (ship), mentioned, 1 

SCHAW, Daniel, member court martial, 74 

SCHEUBER, Justus H., letter on survey- 
ing property, 158 

SCOTT, Brig. Gen. Charles, mentioned, 108 

SCOTT, William, Capt. Georgia Line, 97 



173 



SCREVDN, James, mentioned, 24 ; orders 

to, 41-2 
SCRIMSGER, Charles, letter on Jamaica 

hurricane, 134-5 
SEA Islands, pilfered, 1 ; should be evacu- 
ated, 15 
SEEGAR, George, Clerk of General Assem- 
bly, 81, 86; mentioned, 114; letter to 
Congress referred to, 117, 122, 120 ; Glas- 
cock denies knowledge of letter by him, 
122, 123 
SEIXAS, Lt., mentioned, 9, 10 
SHACKLEFORD, John, on grand jury, 89 
SHARP, John, in Disqualification Act, 95 

SHP:FTALL, , mentioned, 29 

SHEFTALL, Levi, in Disqualification Act, 

94 : mentioned. 135 
SHEFTALL, Mordecai, in Disqualification 

Act, 92 ; letter on property, 148-9 
SHEFTALL, SHEFTALL, in Disqualifica- 
tion Act, 94 
SHICK, Frederick, signs recommendation 
of Georgia officers, 82, 112; Lt. Georgia 
Line, 97 

SINGER, , mentioned, 60 

SIMPLER, Anderson, murdered, 50 
SINGLETON. Mr., mentioned, 15, 17 
SLAVES, encouraged to desert, 1 ; too 
great licence allowed, 88 ; report on those 
belonging to Mcintosh, 98-9 ; stolen from 
William Mcintosh, 99, 100, 104 ; treat- 
ment of those stolen, 119 ; desert Mcin- 
tosh plantation, 144 
SMALL Pox, spread of feared, 87 
SMALLWOOD, Maj.-Gen. William, presi- 
dent Maryland Cincinnati, 140 
SMITH, Capt., killed by Indians, 32, 51 
SMITH, John, mentioned, 86 ; in Disquali- 
fication Act, 95 
SNIDER, John, in Disqualification Act, 96 
SOUTH CAROLINA, recruiting not suc- 
cessful, 37 ; may claim Creek and Cher- 
okee lands, 38 ; chance Georgia will be 
joined to, 71 ; Mcintosh's opinion on Ga.- 
S.C. boundary, 75-6 ; encroaching on 
Georgia, 76, 77 ; character of people, 76 ; 
Gazette mentioned, 89 
Light Horse, ranging Altamaha River, 19, 
32 ; want to return home, 20 : to remain 
at Fort Howe, 21 ; under Elbert's com- 
mand, 36 : ordered home, 39 
Militia, aids in defense of Savannah, 1 
SOUTHALL, Stephen, member court mar- 
tial. 74 
SPALDING, James, mentioned, 99 
SPENCER, John, in Disqualification Act, 94 
SPENCER, Samuel, in Disqualificaton Act, 

95 
SPIRIT Creek, mentioned, 78 ; roads and 
bridges impassible, 88 



STEPHENS, William. Chief Justice, 86, 89 ; 
in Disqualification Act, 92 

STIRK, Col. John, at Fort Howe, 42, 43, 
45 : in Disqualification Act, 94 

STIRK, Samuel, notice to commissioners 
for Cherokee treaty, 64 ; Secretary Execu- 
tive Council, S4 ; in Disqualification Act, 
94 ; delegate to Congress, 100 ; commis- 
sioner to confer with Tonyn, 101 ; state- 
ment on Mcintosh, 112-3 

STOCKADES, to be built, 16, 17, 18, 21-2 ; 
25, 26, 35, 37, 79 

STONE, Thomas, in Disqualification Act, 
93 

STROHAGER, Rudolph, in Disqualification 
Act. 94 

STUART, Allen, delegate to Provincial Con- 
gress, 51 

STUART (Stewart). John, meets with In- 
dian war council, 14 ; commissary men- 
tioned, 52 ; accused of lying to Creeks, 59 

SULLIVAN'S Island, mentioned, 8 

SUMNER, Brig-Gen. Jethro, president North 
Carolina Cincinnati, 140 

SUMMERS, , on Ossabaw Island, 11 

SUMMERS, Col., mentioned. 13 

SUMTER, Thoma.s, at Fort Howe, 42-3, 45 ; 
mentioned, 44, 48, 61, 62, 63 

SUNBURY, meager company raised, 11 ; 
mentioned, 21, 58 ; council of war at, 
61, 62 ; number representatives in House, 
69 

SUTCLIFFB. John, in Disqualification Act, 
94 ; mentioned, 150 

SUTHERLAND (Southerland), John, listed 
as Tory, 57 

SUTHERLAND'S Bluff, guard ordered, 13 

SWINEY (Swinney), Richard, in Disquali- 
fication Act, 96 

TAARLING, Peter, in Disqualification Act, 
93 

TAYLOR, Philip, member court martial, 74 

TELFAIR, Edward, in Disqualification Act, 
93 ; delegate to Congress, 100 ; mentioned, 
lOOn ; address on state finances, 154-6 

TENN, Zachariah, see Fenn 

TENNILLE, Francis, signs recommendation 
of Georgia officers, 82 ; Lt. Georgia Line, 
97 ; signs statement of officers. 112, 129 

THOMPSON, Col. William (?). troops re- 
quested to fix forts, 32 ; mentioned, 38 ; 
suggested for Fort Charlotte 45 

THOMSON, Charles, extract from minutes 
of Congress, 114-5 

THREADCRAFT, George, delegate to Pro- 
vincial Congress, .51 ; mentioned, 54 

TODD, Alexander, listed as Tory. 57 

TONYN. Patrick, accused of lying to Creeks, 
59 : agreement on conduct of war, 101-3, 
104, 119 



174 



TORIES, not worth notice in Georgia, 8 ; 
St. Andrews Parish list, 57 

TREUTLEN, John Adam, maltes voters sign 
petition against Mcintosh, 68 ; Wereat'e 
opinion of, 71 ; elected by majority of 
one vote, 71 ; accused of breaking con- 
stitution, 71 ; threatens to resign, 72 ; as- 
sociates with Nocturnal Club, 74 ; men- 
tioned, 77, 80 ; in Disqualification Act, 92 

TROUP, George, requests corn, 140 

TUGALO River, mentioned, 70 

TURTLE River, mentioned, 58 

TWIGGS, John, pursues enemy, 78 ; at- 
tends Council, 81 ; in Disqualification Act, 
93 ; statement on Mcintosh, 109 ; men- 
tioned, 111 

TWO SISTERS Ferry, mentioned, 86 

TYBEE Island, British ships at, 1, 5, 9, 
10, 26 ; British retreat to, 3 ; pilot house 
burnt, plundering, 12 ; fort to be built, 18 

UNSELD, Mrs., mentioned, 74 
U. S. Constitution, letter from Mcintosh 
on, 144-6 

VALLEY Forge, mentioned, 108 
VAN ALLEN, Mr., mentioned, 162 
VANNOY, Andrew, member court martial, 

74 
VERNER, Robert, member court martial, 74 
VIRGINIA, troops recruited in, 24, 46 ; re- 
cruits arrive in Georgia, 24 ; recruiting 
not successful, 37 ; troops have no tents, 
78 ; settlers from proposed for Georgia, 
118-9 

WADE, , mentioned, 150 

WADE, Nehemiah, in Disqualification Act, 
93 

WADE'S Tavern, mentioned, 74 

WAGGNON, J. P., Lt. Georgia Line, 97 ; 
signs statement of officers, 112 

WALACON, Daniel, on grand jury, 89 

WALLACE, David, witness in murder case, 
50 

WALLINGTON, Capt., mentioned, 150 

WALSH, Patrick, Capt. Georgia Dragoons, 
98 

WALTON, George (the Signer), mentioned, 
6, 8 ; Mcintosh reports military success, 
8-9 ; Mcintosh writes of intrigues, 23-4 ; 
return of troops sent to, 24-5 ; letter to, 
37-8 ; letter from Wereat on Mcintosh in- 
trigue, 66-72 ; complains of Mcintosh to 
Congress, 80 ; attends Council, 81-2 ; one 
of usurpers of Georgia government, 89 ; 
in Disqualification Act. 92 ; reputation, 
100-01 ; inquiry into conduct re Mcintosh, 
108-17 ; declares he will have Mcintosh 
removed, 110 ; letter to Congress men- 
tioned, 112, 114 ; would break Mcintosh, 



113, 125; letter on Mcintosh affair, 113- 
4, 115-6 ; memorial on Mcintosh referred 
to, 116 ; fitness for bench questioned, 
120 ; part in conspiracy on Mcintosh, 
122-6 ; exchanged, attempts against Coun- 
cil, Governor and delegate to Congress, 
124 ; in conspiracy to usurp government, 
125 

WALTON, Capt. George (cousin of the 
Signer), mentioned, 24; recruiting orders 
to, 26-7 ; death, 72 

WALTON, Jesse, Lt. Georgia Line, 97 

WALTON, John (brother of George), com- 
missioner for Cherokee treaty, 63 ; ill, 72 

WALTON, Robert, Capt. 1st Battalion of 
Foot, 24 ; in Disqualification Act, 93 

WAR Losses, opinion of Board of Claims, 
126-9 

WARD, Col., buys stolen slaves, 86 

WARD, Lt.. killed, 64 

WASHINGTON, George, letters to. 1-5 ; Mc- 
intosh reports situation in Georgia, 45-7 ; 
to be requested to reassign Mcintosh, 83 ; 
invitation to dinner honoring, 148 

WASHINGTON, Thomas, confined for horse 
stealing, 13, 15 ; in Disqualification Act, 
95 

WAYNE, Anthony, mentioned, 150, 151 

WEATHERFORD, Martin, on grand jury, 
89 

WEBDON, Brig. Gen., mentioned, 108 

WELLS, George, complains of Light Horse, 
26 ; agitates against Mcintosh, 68 ; rep- 
resentative of Wilkes County, 69 ; one of 
usurpers of Georgia government, 89 ; 
appointed to Council, 124 

WELSH, , Capt. Light Horse, 98 

WEREAT, John, mentioned, 8, 23, 56n, 99 ; 
delegate to Provincial Congress, 51 ; com- 
missioner for Cherokee treaty, 63 ; let- 
ter on intrigue against Mcintosh, 66-72 ; 
movements after fall of Savannah, 86 ; 
foreman of grand jury, 89 ; in Disqualifi- 
cation Act, 92 ; notes on Glascock forg- 
ery, 96 ; commissioner to confer with 
Tonyn, 101 ; correspondence with Jack- 
son on defending Mcintosh, 104-6 ; state- 
ment on Mcintosh mentioned, 112 ; Mc- 
intosh's account with public, 133-4 ; let- 
ter from Mcintosh on proposed Consti- 
tution, 144-6 ; letters from Mcintosh on 
claims, with reply, 150-3 ; reception in 
Philadelphia, 152 

WEST, Joseph, court martial, 75 

WEST, Samuel, Capt. Light Horse, 98 ; in 
Disqualification Act, 95 

WEST FLORIDA, Indians encouraged to 
war on Georgia, 47 

WESTERN Settlements, state of alarm, 45 

WHITE, John, on St. Catherines Island, 



175 



11 ; orders to, 13 ; in Disqualification 
Act. 93 

WHITTIER. , settlement burned, 58 

WILKES County, illegally represented, 69 ; 
one of two counties not in possession of 
enemy, 89, 90 

WILKINSON, John, extracts from minutes 
of Assembly on Mcintosh, 109-14 ; 117-8 

WILLIAMS, , plantation destroyed, 9 ; 

taken prisoner, 15 

WILLIAMS, Benjamin, witness in court 
martial, 75 

WILLIAMS, Sampson, raiding in Georgia, 
11 

WILLIAMS, William, plantation plundered, 
58 

WILLIAMS, William, Jr., witness in mur- 
der case, 50 

WILLIAMSON, Andrew, in Disqualification 
Act, 93 

WILLIS, Major, deputy from Virginia for 
bringing in settlers, 118 

WILSON, John, on grand jury, 89 ; in Dis- 
qualification Act, 95 

WILSON, Lt., orders to, 22 

WINN, John, Sr., in Disqualification Act, 
95 

WINN, Richard, ordered to Barrington, 35, 
38 ; troops sent to assist, 41 

WITHERSPOON, , rice and corn from 

plantation for provisions, 31 

WITHERSPOON, John, delegate to Provin- 
cial Congress, 53 



WOODFORD, Brig. Gen. William, mention- 
ed, 108 

WOOD, Capt., resigned, 97 

WOOD, John, nominally pay master, 70 

WOOD, Joseph, delegate elect to Congress, 
68 ; Wereafs opinion of, 68 ; illegal rep- 
resentative from Effingham, 69 ; charges 
against, 70 ; delegate to Congress, 73 ; in 
Disqualification Act, 93 

WOOD, Joseph, Jr., in Disqualification Act, 
93 

WOODRUFFE, Joseph, orders to, 14 ; cap- 
tured, 28 ; possibility of exchange, 29 ; in 
Disqualification Act, 93 

WORMWOOD, Hercules, questions Walton's 
fitness for bench, 120 

WRIGHT, Dionysius, in Disqualification 
Act, 95 

WRIGHT, Sir James, breaks parole, 1 

WRIGHT, Shadrach, Capt. Georgia Line. 96 

WRIGHTS Fort, threatened, 10 

WYCHE, George, in Disqualification Act, 95 

WYLLY, Richard, in Disqualification Act, 
94 ; letter from Sheftall on property, 
148-9 

YAMACRAW, battery erected, 2 
YANKOW, The, mentoned, 6 
YOUNG, Thomas, listed as Tory, 57 

ZUBLY, John Joachim, faction mentioned, 
6 ; delegate to Congress, 159 



176