Manual of the General Assembly of the state of Georgia, 1945-1946

MANUAL
OF THE
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
OF
The State of Georgia
1945 1946
By
MRS HENRY W NEVIN
Secretary of the Senate and
P T McCUTCHEN JR
Clerk 6f the House of Representatives
STATE OF GEORGIA
DEPARTMENTS
Governors Office
ELLIS ARNALL
M E THOMPSON
MISS GRACE CANNINGTON
Agriculture Department of
g TOM LINDER
Audits Department of
B E THRASHER JR
Banking Department of
JOHN C BEASLEY
ComptrollerGeneral
HOMER C PARKER
Conservation Division
NELSON M SHIPP
Forestry Division
J M TINKER1 v
Mines Mining and Geology CAPT GARLAND PEYTON
Parks Division
WARD HARRISON
Corrections Department of
FRANCIS HAMMACK
Education Department of
M D COLLINS
Entomology Department of
CHARLES ALDEN
Examining Boards1
R C COLEMAN
Game and Fish Commission
CHARLES N ELLIOTT
Highways Department of
RYBURN CLAY
Labor Department of
BEN T HIIIET
Law Department of
T GRADY HEAD
Governor
Executive Secretary
Private Secretary
Commissioner
State Auditor
Superintendent
ComptrollerGeneral
Assistant Commissioner
Director
1Director
Director
Director
Supt of Schools State Entomologist
Executive Secretary 1Director Director Commissioner
AttorneyGeneral
3
Library State
ELLA MAY THORNTON
Military Department of
MARVIN GRIFFIN
Milk Control Board
GEORGE STEWART
Pardons and Paroles Department of
ED EVERETT j
GROVER C BYARS
MRS HELEN W COXON
Public Health Department of
DR T F ABERCROMBIE
Public Safety Department of
CHARLES WILLIAMS
Public Service Commission
WALTER R McDonald
matt l McWhorter
PERRY T KNIGHT
ALLEN CHAPPEL
JAMES A PERRY
Public Welfare Department of
A J HARTLEY
Purchasing Department
W N PATE
Revenue Department
EUGENE COOK
Secretary of State
JOHN B WILSON
Treasury Department
GEORGE B HAMILTON
HORACE HIXON
Veterans Service Office
ARTHUR CHEATHAM
University System Regents of
S V SANFORD
MARION SMITH
Workmens Compensation Board of
STONEWALL DYER
HARRY MUNROE
P J RIORDAN
Librarian
AdjutantGeneral
Acting Director
Chairman Member Member
Director
Commissioner
Chairman
Commissioner
Commissioner
Commissioner
Commissioner
Director
Supervisor of Purchases
Commissioner
Secretary of State
State Treasurer
Assistant Treasurer
Director
Chancellor
Chairman
Chairman
Member
Member
4
OFFICERS
OF THE
STATE SENATE
TERM
1945 1946
FRANK C GROSS 31st DistrictPresident
Stephens County
SPENCE M GRAYSON 1st DistrictPresident Pro Tem
Chatham County
MRS HENRY W NEVIN Secretary
Whitfield County
ELBERT FORESTERAssistant Secretary
Dade County
MRS BILLIE SEAYCalendar Clerk
DeKalb County
ROBERT H BRINSON JR Message Clerk
Jenkins County
J B CHEATHAM JRReading Clerk
Floyd County
DR R A FORRESTChaplain
Stephens County
SID WILLIAMS Messenger
Meriwether County
A PERRY GRIFFINDoorkeeper
MEMBERS
OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA
ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED ACCORDING TO NAMES WITH DISTRICTS AND POST OFFICES FOR THE TERM 19451946
Senators
Baggett J J
Battle C L
Bennett Dr W H
Bentley J Li Branch George W Brown E H
Caldwell H W
Causey Homer L
Chastain T A
Cloud Hawes
Cook T A
Daves Dr V C
Deal Dr D L
Drake John L
Drinkard John P
Edenfield Mose
Edwards Charles T Freeman Wm B
Gillisr Jim L Jr
Gould James D Jr
Grayson Spence
Greene A M
Gross Frank C
Harrell George Y
Harrell Wallace
Hawes Peyton S
Hill 0 W
Hodges B fl
Holsenbeck W M
Mavity John L
McGinty J Roy
Millican G Everett
Minchew Abe T
Moate Marvin
Moore W C
District Post Office
51st Lawrenceville
13th Ellaville
17th Sylvania
25th Thomaston
47th Tifton
6th Nashville
37th LaGrange
4fith Alma
41st Talking Rock
19th Crawfordville
42nd Summerville
14th Vienna
49th Statesboro
8thDonalsonville
29thLincolnton
2nd Darien
28th Monticello
22nd Forsyth
16th Soperton t
4th Brunswick
1st Savannah
21st Gray
31st Toccoa X
12th Lumpkin
7th Quitman
30th Elberton
36th Greenville
2fith Jackson
27th Winder
44th Rossville
43rd Calhoun
52nd Atlanta
5thAxson
20th Sparta
38th Buchanan
6
Senators
District
Post Office
Nix Arthur J32nd
Norton W L 33rd
Peebles Leon L18th
Rainey Rebecca L 11th
Riley A C23rd
Sabados George 10th
Shedd J P3rd
Slaughter Dr N G50th
Smith H Dixon24th
Stone Guy15th
Turner Mell 34th
Turner Ralph L35th
Walker C 0T45th
Wall Dr Wm Henry9th
Welsch Sam J39th
Wellborn Dr C J40th
Yawn C E J48th
Dawsonville
Gainesville
Gibson
Dawson rFort Valley Albany
Jesup
Athens
Columbus Glenwood
Decatur
McDonough
Fitzgerald
Blakely
Marietta
Blairsville Chauncey
MEMBERS
OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA
BY DISTRICTS IN NUMERICAL ORDER WITH COUNTIES AND POST OFFICES
First DistrictCHATHAM Bryan Effingham
SPENCE GRAYSON Savannah
Second DistrictMcINTOSH Liberty Long Tattnall
MOSE EDENFIELD rDarien
Third DistrictWAYNE Appling Jeff Davis Brantley
J P SHEDDL Sgi Jesup
Fourth DistrictGLYNN Camden Charlton
JAMES D GOULD JRBrunswick
Fifth DistrictATKINSON Clinch Ware
ABE T MINCHEW Axson
Sixth DistrictBERRIEN Lanier Echols Lowndes Cook
E H BROWN Nashville
Seventh DistrictBROOKS Thomas Grady
WALLACE HARRELLQuitman
Eighth DistrictSEMINOLE Mitchell Miller Decatur
JOHN L DRAKEDonaldsonville
Ninth DistrictEARLY Baker Calhoun
DR WM HENRY WALLgBlakely
Tenth DistrictDOUGHERTY Worth Lee
GEORGE SABADOS Albany
Eleventh DistrictTERRELL Clay Randolph
MRS REBECCA L RAINEY1Dawson
Twelfth DistrictWEBSTER Stewart Quitman
GEORGE Y HARRELLLumpkin
Thirteenth DistrictSCHLEY Sumter Macon
C L BATTLEEllaville
Fourteenth DistrictDOOLY Pulaski Bleckley
DR V C DAVESVienna
Fifteenth DistrictWHEELER Toombs Montgomery
GUY STONE Glenwood
Sixteenth DistrictTREUTLEN Emanuel Johnson Laurens
JIM L GILLIS JRSoperton
Seventeenth DistrictSCREVEN Burke Jenkins
DR W H BENNETT Sylvania
Eighteenth DistrictGLASCOCK Jefferson Richmond
LEON L PEEBLES Gibson
Nineteenth DistrictTALIAFERRO Greene Warren
HAWES CLOUD gjjffjlpCrawfordville
Twentieth DistrictHANCOCK Washington Baldwin
MARVIN MOATE 1Sparta
TwentyFirst DistrictJONES Wilkinson Twiggs
A M GREENE Gray
TwentySecond DistrictMONROE Pike Lamar Bibb
WM B FREEMANForsyth
TwentyThird DistrictPEACH Taylor Crawford Houston
A C RILEYFort Valley
TwentyFourth DistrictMARION Muscogee Chattahoochee
H DIXON SMITH Columbus
TwentyFifth DistrictUPSON Talbot Harris
J L BENTLEY Thomaston
TwentySixth DistrictBUTTS Fayette Spalding
B H HODGES rJackson
TwentySeventh DistrictBARROW Oconee Walton
W M HOLSENBECKWinder
TwentyEighth DistrictJASPER Putnam Morgan
CHARLES T EDWARDSMonticello
TwentyNinth DistrictLINCOLN McDuffie Columbia
JOHN P DRINKARD Lincolnton
Thirtieth DistrictELBERT Hart Madison
PEYTON S HAWESElberton
ThirtyFirst DistrictSTEPHENS Habersham Franklin
FRANK G GROSSToccoa
ThirtySecond DistrictDAWSON White Lumpkin
ARTHUR J NIXDawsonville
ThirtyThird DistrictHALL Banks Jackson
W L NORTONGainesville
ThirtyFourth DistrictDeKALB Newton Rockdale
MELL TURNER 1 Decatur
ThirtyFifth DistrictHENRY Clayton
RALPH L TURNERMcDonough
9
mI 1 r A
ThirtySixth DistrictMERIWETHER Coweta
O W HILLiGreenville
ThirtySeventh DistrictTROUPE Heard Carroll
H W CALDWELLLaGrange
ThirtyEighth DistrictHARALSON Polk Paulding
WC MOOREpBuchanan
ThirtyNinth DistrictCOBB Cherokee Douglas
SAM J WELSCHMarietta
Fortieth DistrictUNION Rabun Towns
DR C J WELLBORNBlairsville
FortyFirst DistrictPICKENS Fannin Gilmer
T A CHASTAIN Talking Rock
FortySecond DistrictCHATTOOGA Floyd Bartow
T A COOKrSummerville
FortyThird DistrictGORDON Murray Whitfield
J ROY McGINTY Calhoun
FortyFourth DistrictWALKER Catoosa Dade
JOHN L MAVITYRossville
FortyFifth DistrictBEN HILL Telfair Irwin
C O WALKERiFitzgerald
FortySixth DistrictBACON Coffee Pierce HOMER L CAUSEY
FortySeventh DistrictTIFT Turner Colquitt
GEORGE W BRANCH
FortyEighth DistrictDODGE Wilcox Crisp
YAWNChauncey
FortyNinth DistrictBULLOCH Candler Evans
DR D L DEAL Statesboro
Fiftieth DistrictCLARKE Wilkes Oglethorpe
DR N G SLAUGHTER Athens
FifthFirst DistrictGWINNETT Forsyth
J J Baggett Lawrenceville
FiftySecond DistrictFULTON
G EVERETT MILLICAN Atlanta
10
STANDING COMMITTEES
OF THE
SENATE
TERM 19451946
11
i
ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND
Deal Chairman Drinkard
Bentley ViceChairman Edwards
Smith Secretary Freeman
AGRICULTURE
Holsenbeck Chairman Harrell of 7th
Cook ViceChairman Hill
Bentley Secretary Hodges
Baggett Minchew
Branch Moore
Caldwell Nix
Drake Rainey
Drinkard Stone
Gillis Turner of 34th
Green Wellborn Welsch
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION
Harrell of 7th Chairman Green
Cloud ViceChairman Hawes
Causey Secretary Mavity
Baggett Millican
Branch Moate
Caldwell McGinty
Daves Norton
Edenfield Rainey
Freeman Smith
Gillis Stone
Gould Turner of 34th
Grayson Turner of 35th Wall
12
APPROPRIATIONS
Baggett Chairman Hodges
Freeman ViceChairman Millican
Welsch Secretary Moate
Battle Moore
Branch Nix
Cook Riley
Drake Sabados
Edenfield Smith
Gould Stone
Grayson Turner of 34th
Hawes Turner of 35th
AUDITING
Branch Chairman Cook
Smith ViceChairman Edwards
Stone Secretary Hawes
Battle Hill
Bennett Holsenheck
AVIATION
Edenfield Chairman Grayson
Millican ViceChairman Green
Gould Secretary Peebles
Brown Wall
Drake Welsch
BANKS AND BANKING
Turner of 35th Chairman Hill
Baggett ViceChairman Millican
McGinty Secretary Moate
Battle Moore
Causey Sabados
Chastain Stone
Cloud Turner of 34th
Deal Walker
13
COMMERCE
Bentley Chairman McGinty
Chastain ViceChairman Moore
Hill Secretary Sbados
Hodges
CONGRESSIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE
REAPPORTIONMENT
Yawn Chairman Deal
Sabados ViceChairman Drake
Cook Secretary Grayson
Baggett Walker
Brown Wellborn
CONSERVATION
Shedd Chairman Hodges
GiLlis VicChairman McGinty
Branch Secretary Millican
Baggett Moore
Causey Norton
Chastain Rainey
Daves Sabados
Deal Smith
Drake Walker
Drinkard Wall
Edwards Welsh
Hill Yawn
CORPORATIONS
Hill Chairman Freeman
Drake ViceChairman Gillis
Edenfield Secretary Harrell of 12th
Battle Hodges
Cloud Minchew
COUNTY AND COUNTY MATTERS
Moate Chairman Hodges
Yawn ViceChairman Millican
Brown Secretary Minchew
Cook Nix
Freeman Norton
Grayson Rainey
Greene Smith
Harrell of 7th Welsch
Hill
DRAINAGE
Grayson Chairman Smith
Greene ViceChairman Stone
Drake Secretary Turner of 35lh
Mavity Yawn
EDUCATION AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Caldwell Chairman Millican
McGinty ViceChairman Minchew
Edwards Secretary Moore
Branch v g Nix
Brown Peebles
Causey Sbados
Daves Smith
Grayson Walker
Hawes Wall
Hili Wellborn
Hodges Welsch
Holsenbeck Yawn
ENGROSSING
Nix Chairman Harrell of 7th
Norton ViceChairman Harrell of 12th
Yawn Secretary Hill
Gould Wellborn
15
ENROLLMENT
Drinkard Chairman Edenfield
Brown ViceChairman Freeman
Shedd Secretary Gould
Battle Minchew
FINANCE
Smith Chairman Greene
Branch ViceChairman Harrell of 7th
Millican Secretary Harrell of 12th
Brown Holsenheck
Causey Mavity
Chastain Nix
Cloud Riley
Cook Sabados
Drake Turner of 34th
Freeman Turner of 35th
Gillis Yawn
Grayson
GAME AND FISH
Gillis Chairman Harrell of 8th
Edenfield ViceChairman Hodges
Nix Secretary Hill
Baggett Minchew
Brown McGinty
Chastain Moore
Deal Smith
Drake Walker
Drinkard Yawn
Freeman Wall
Grayson
16
GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER ONE
Welsch Chairman Riley ViceChairman Sabados Secretary Cloud Freeman Grayson
Greene
Harrell of 7th Hawes Millican Turner of 34th Yawn
GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER TWO
Causey Chairman Hawes ViceChairman Cloud Secretary Baggett Bennett
Brown
Harrell of 12th Millican Sabados Yawn
HALLS AND ROOMS
Baggett Chairman Battle
Walker ViceChairman Slaughter
Chastain Secretary
HIGHWAYS AND PUBLIC ROADS
Drake Chairman Turner of 35th ViceChairman Caldwell Secretary Battles Bennett Bentley Causey Chastain Daves Edwards Harrell of 12th Hawes Hill Hodges
Holsenbeck
Millican
Moate
Moore
Norton
Peebles
Riley
Shedd
Slaughter
Smith
Stone
Turner of 34th
Wall
Wellborn
17
HISTORICAL RESEARCH
Rainey Chairman Hodges
EdwardsViceChairman Nix
Grayson Secretary Peebles
Drinkard Wall
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Daves Chairman Deal ViceChairman Wall Secretary Bennett Greene Mavity
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
Minchew
Norton
Slaughter
Smith
Stone
Turner of 34th
Mavity Chairman Caldwell ViceChairman Moate Secretary Branch Brown Freeman
Grayson
Harrell of 7th
Holsenbeck
Millican
Norton
Stone
Turner of 34th Welsch
INSURANCE
Norton Chairman r Peebles ViceChairman Greene Secretary Branch Causey Drake Grayson Hodges
Minchew
Shedd
Smith
Stone
Turner of 34th
Wall
Yawn
i8
INTERSTATE COOPERATIVE COMMITTEE OF COUNCILS OF STATE GOVERNMENT
Hawes Chairman Stone ViceChairman Drinkard Secretary Causey Moate
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT
Battle Chairman Slaughter ViceChairman Deal Secretary Freeman Smith Walker
JOURNALS Walker Chairman Rainey ViceChairman Moore Secretary Battle r r s Bennett Drake Gillis Sabados
MANUFACTURES
Harrell of 12th Chairman Gould ViceChairman Battle Secretary Branch Chastain Hill Moate Shedd
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Gould Chairman Hodges ViceChairman Bennett Secretary Drake Grayson Harrell of 7th Norton Smith Stone Wellborn
MINES AND MINING
Chastain Chairman Nix ViceChairman Slaughter Secretary Battle
Deal
Drinkard
Hawes
McGinty
MOTOR VEHICLES
Greene Chairman Drake
Moate ViceChairman Drinkard
Gillis Secretary Hill
Baggett Mavity
Branch Millican
Causey Minchew
Cloud Stone
Cook Turner of
Daves Wellborn
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
Turner of 34th Chairman Drake
Causey ViceChairman Drinkard
Rainey Secretary Millican
Baggett Norton
Branch Smith
Cook Welsch
PENSIONS
Hodges Chairman Gould
Harrell of the 7th ViceChairman Harrell of
Riley Secretary Minchew
Cook Rainey
Drake Sabados
Edwards Shedd
20
PENITENTIARY
Mavity Chairman Drake
Hill ViceChairman Edenfield
Gillis Secretary Edwards
Bennett Freeman
Bentley Gould
Causey Greene
Hawes Harrell of 7th
Hodges Sabados
Moate Smith
Nix Stone
Rainey Walker
Riley Yawn
PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS
Bennett Chairman Battle ViceChairman Turner of 35th Secretary Edenfield
Gould
Harrell of 12th Rainey Shed d
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR
Brown Chairman Rainey
Minchew ViceChairman Wall
Harrell of 12th Secretary Yawn
Daves
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Rainey Chairman Bennett
Wall ViceChairman Turner of 34th
Hodges Secretary
PUBLIC PRINTING
McGinty Chairman Bentley
Drinkard ViceChairman Edenfield
Holsenbeck Secretary Yawn
Battle
21
PUBLIC PROPERTY
Moore Chairman r Caldwell
Welsch ViceChairman Hawes
Baggett Secretary Hill
Branch Rainey
J o PUBLIC UTILITIES
Millican Chairman Drinkard
Mavity ViceChairman Harrell of 7th
Daves Secretary Moate
Baggett Slaughter
Brown Smith
Cook Stone
Deal Drake Lj c Os 7 Wall
T X C PUBLIC WELFARE VO
Minchew Chairman V Harrell of 7th
Wellborn ViceChairman Hawes
Mavity Secretary Moate
Baggett Moore
Caldwell Peebles
Daves r V Stone
Greene
RULES
Mr President Chairman 0 Hodges
Millican ViceChairman Mavity
Freeman Secretary Minchew 0 0
Baggett Moate
Branch McGinty
Daves Peebles
Drake Smith
Grayson Stone 00 0 5
Greene Wall
Hawes Welsch r
Hill
J2
SCHOOL POR TH DAF
Cook Chairman Daves
Holsenbeck ViceChairman Harrell of 12th
Peebles Secretary v Moore
Battle Sabados
Cloud V J
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Cloud Chairman Hawes
Harrell of 12th ViceChairman 1 Millican T
Harrell of 7th Secretary Moate
Branch Riley
Causey Sabados
Grayson r Walker
Greene 1 Welsch 1
Hill r
STATE OF THE REPUBLIC
Freeman Chairman Hawes
Grayson ViceChairman Mavity
Millican Secretary Minchew
Branch V Stone
Greene
STATE SANITARIUM i i
Wall Gharrman Grayson
Deal ViceChairman Greene
Wellborn Secretary Hill
Branch Moate
Bennett Peebles
Daves
TEMPERANCE J v S vV
Peebles Chairman Grayson
Daves ViceChairman Hawes
Minchew Secretary Sabados
Deal Slaughter
Drake Smith V
Edenfield Stone
Gillis Turner of 35th
Gould Wall

TRAINING SCHOOLS
Edwards Chairman Hodges
Moore ViceChairman Mavity
Greene Secretary Minchew
Causey McGinty
Cloud Stone
TUBERCULOSIS SANITARIUM AT ALTO
Wellborn Chairman Drinkard
Bennett ViceChairman Nix
Turner of the 34th Secretary Norton
Bentley Riley
Brown Shedd
UNIFORM LAWS
Riley Chairman Shedd ViceChairman Hawes Secretary Bentley Caldwell
Chastain Gillis McGinty Slaughter Turner of 35th
UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA
Slaughter Chairman Turner of 34th ViceChairman Drake Secretary Bentley Branch Caldwell Causey Gould Grayson Harrell of 7th
Harrell of 12th Hill
Holsenbeck
Mavity
Millican
Riley
Shedd
Smith
Turner of 35th Wellborn
24
VETERANS AFFAIRS
Stone Chairman Grayson ViceChairman Norton Secretary Bennett Bentley Cook Deal Drake Edwards Gillis Gould Holsenbeck Millican Turner of 34th Wellborn
WESTERN ATLANTIC RAILROAD Sbados Chairman Hill
Cook ViceChairman Walker Secretary Battle Bentley Caldwell Causey Edenfield Edwards Harrell of 12th Holsenbeck Mavity Nix Shedd Slaughter Stone Turner of 35th Wellborn
25
RULES OF THE SENATE
27

THE PRESIDENT
Rule 1 The President shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the Senate the President shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the Senate shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the President may vote
Rule 3 When two or more Senators shall rise at the same time the President shall name the Senator entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the President unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 5 The method of stating the question on any motion by the President shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the President or a division of the Senate is called for by any one member of the Senate the President shall call upon the Senators in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the Secretary he shall call upon the Senators to reverse their positions and the President shall announce the result
Discretion of President
When President shall vote
Right of Senator to the floor to be decided by the President
President to appoint committees
Method of stating a question by the President
29
President may name preside
Duty of Secretary when President absent
When no debate on appeals
Appeals tq be made at once
Power of President to suspend subordinate officrs
When President may order galleries and lobbies cleared
Eule 6 The President may during a days sitting name any Senator to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Eule 7 Whenever from any cause the President shall be absent the President pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Secretary of the Senate shall call the Senate to order and shall preside until a President pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the Senate The President pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
Eule 8 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Eule 9 All appeals from the decisions of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before shid appeal is sought to be made fi V v
Eule 10 The President shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the Senate within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the Senate may see fit to take in the premises
Eule 11 The President shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the Senate cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in ease of disturbance or disorderly conduct there in and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of
30
theSenate to be dealt with foi contempt of the Senate
Rnle 12 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the Senate the President may order the door of the Senate to be closed and the roll of Senators called by the Secretary and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the Senate and any Senator present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the Senate
Rule 13 The President may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the Senate discloses the fact that a quorum of the Senate has not voted
Rule 14 All questions as to priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the President without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 15 When any Senator is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the Senate he shall arise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr President He shall be confined to matter in debate shall speak not more than twice on any subject nor more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken After the first thirty days of the regular session all individual speeches on bills and resolutions shall be limited to thirty minutes unless extended by a majority of a quorum and on all points of personal privilege shall be limited to ten minutes If any Senator in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the Senate
No quorum voting duty of President
When President may order vote taken by yeas and nays
Decision on questions of priority
Conduct of
Senators
debate
31
Appeals
Expulsion See Rule 147
Exception to Words spoken
Silence
the President shall call him to order in which case the Senator so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The Senate shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the Senate he not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the Senate by a twothirds vote of the Senators which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays
Eule 16 If any Senator be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Secretary and read then admitted denied or explained by the Senator who spoke and thereupon the questions of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the Senate may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the Senate is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been disposed of or until such further time as may then be ordered by the Senate But no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the Senate for words spoken in debate if any other Senator has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Eule 17 The members of the Senate shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking Senator shall have taken his seat
32
Rule 18 The Senators shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the districts they represent
Rule 19 No Senator shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is personally interested and in every case where the seat of a Senator is being contested the sitting Senator and the contestant shall both retire from the Senate before the vote is taken
Rule 20 Any Senator may have entered on the Journal a protest in writing against the action of the Senate said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the Senate nor any members thereof
Rule 21 No Senator shall address the Senate nor interogate a Senator who is speaking except through the President and if the Senator speaking declines to be interrupted the President shall cause the Senator desiring to interrogate him to be silent
Rule 22 No Senator shall pass between the Chair and a Senator while he is speaking nor shall any Senator at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the President retires
Rule 23 No Senator shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another Senator or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the House except as to the final action taken by the House in any pending matter
Rule 24 No smoking shall be allowed in the Senate Chamber during the sessions of the Sen
33
Mode of
designating
Senators
Shall not vote when interested in result
Protests
Duty while Senator is speaking and at adjournment
Restrictions in debate
Applause and hisses forbidden
No debate during yeas and nays
Only one motion be made at a time
Explanation
Reading of papers
Motion to excuse when made
ate nor shall conversation be permitted within the Chamber
Enle 25 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall he allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Eule 26 Applause or hisses in the Senate Chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall he promptly suppressed
Eule 27 During the calling or reading of ayes and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Eule 28 No Senator can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the Senate he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the President
Eule 29 On all questions except such as are not debatable any Senator on the call of the ayes and nays shall be allowed five minutes as a matter of right in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no Senator shall he allowed to explain except by unanimous consent No motion or request shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a Senator s time for explaining
Eule 30 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any Senator it shall be determined by a vote of the Senate and this motion shall be decided without debate
Eule 31 A motion to excuse a Senator from voting must be made before the Senate divides

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I seaibil
34
or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the Senator making the motioji may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
Eule 32 No Senator shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then move to table the bill resolution or motion or move the previous question thereon without relinquishing the floor
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Eule 33 Any one Senator may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Eule 34 The Senator calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself and be consistent and entire
BILLS AND EESOLUTIONS
Eule 35 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Secretary shall distinctly state its number and the name of the Senator by whom introduced Provided that the General Appropriation Bill and the General Tax Bill shall have precedence on third reading over all othef matters even Special Orders until the said bills shall have been finally disposed of
Eule 36 Every motion or request to take up general bills or resolutions out of their regular
Excuses from voting
Call for division
Division how made
Bills and resolutions called in order
Proviso What motions to be in writing
35
Question on first reading
Effect of favorable report of committee
Adverse report of committee
Bills when withdrawn
order and every motion or request for special orders sliall be submitted in writing and reported upon by tbe Committee on Rules before being submitted to the Senate
Rule 37 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any bill or resolution or other mat ter requiring reference to a committee the President shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the Senate In case of engrossment of any bill or other mat ter the entry thereof shall be made by the Secretary and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed
Rule 38 Where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill etc the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question unless recommitted Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill etc in order to have a second reading thereof any Senator may at the time such report is made give notice of intention to move at the proper time to disagree to such adverse committee report when the question shall be upon agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill etc shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill etc shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Provided that no bill etc adversely reported shall be taken up for a second reading except by motion of some Senator Any bill etc may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the Senate
Rule 39 When a bill etc favorably reported SSSS2 by a committee is on its third or last reading if the report of the committee is disagreed to by the Senate the bill or measures shall be lost unless the action of the Senate in disagreeing to the committee report is reconsidered within the proper time
Rule 40 The President shall not recognize any Senator at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to place any general bill on its passage out of its regular order Neither shall he recognize any request for unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter or to read any bill or resolution the second time or to place any local bill or resolution on its passage except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal The President shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 41 Where a bill or a resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the Senate
Rule 42 All bills and resolutions shall be Bills and written or printed and shall have the name of the Senator introducing the same as well as wntmsr the district he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption how inof the bill shall also be indorsed on the same dor8ed
All bills and resolutions having the force and effect of law shall when introduced have attached an exact copy and said copy shall be retained by the Secretary subject to use as information but the original bill or resolution shall be for the exclusive use of the Senate and
37
Bills when printed
Bill when printed extra session
Transmission to House by majority vote
Order of precedence
the committee towhich it is assigned and shall be the official bill or resolution of the Senate and shall not be subject to any other use
Rule 43 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the Senate by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the Senate agreeing thereto
Rule 43A During extra sessions of the General Assembly all bills and resolutions having the effect of law except purely local bills shall upon being reported back to the Senate with recommendation that the bill or resolution do pass be printed or mimeographed and a copy placed upon each Senators desk at least one hour before such bill or resolution shall be read a third time
Rule 44 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the House on the day of the passage thereof unless a majority of the Senators present shall so order
Rule 45 The Committee on Rules during the last fifteen legislative days of each session shall arrange and fix the calendar of business for each day and such calendar of business shall be a standing and continuing special order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order and manner fixed by such calendar except by a threefourths vote of those present
A PRECEDENCE of motions
Rule 46 When any subject is before the Senate for consideration or under debate no mo
38
tion shall be received except the following towit V
1st A motion to adjourn
2d A motion to lay on table
3d A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to postpone indefinitely
5th A motion to postpone to a day certain
6th A motion to commit
7th A motion to amend
Which said several motions shall have precedence in the order named
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 47 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the Senate A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
Rule 48 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the Senate is not actually engaged in other business is debatable and is amendable as to the day or time proposed
Rule 49 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the Senator moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 50 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Secretary has called the first name of the ayes and nays and a vote of one Senator has been given or
Not debatable when may be Renewed Amendment
When
debatable
When
made
When not in order
39
Effect of
adjourn
ment
Hours of adjournment What business postponed
Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table
How matters may be taken from table
When
renewed
Not debat able or amendable
after a division of the Senate has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced
Rule 51 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the Senate to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 52 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the Senate is being taken by the ayes and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the Senate is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the ayes and nays as aforesaid the Senate shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE
Rule 53 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order
Rule 54 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the Senate is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken from the table it is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 55 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Rule 56 Neither the motion to lay on the table
40
nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
Rule 57 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
Eule 58 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 59 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except motions to adjourn or to lay on the table and when it is moved the first question shall be Shall the call forthe previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority vote in the affirmative the motion to adjourn or to lay on the table can still be made but they must be made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative and after said last question is affirmatively decided by a majority vote said motions will be out of order and the Senate cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives
Rule 60 When the previous question has been ordered the Senate shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate When the report of
What can be tabled
When in order
Effect of
previous
question
Twenty minutes debate allowed
41
Vote how taken
Yeas and nays Onefifth necessary
Effect of main question being ordered
Reconsideration when in order
Contested
elections
the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before the time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such Senators as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule
Rule 61 After the main question is ordered any Senator may call for a division of the Senate in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays but on all questions on which the yeas and nays are called the assent of onefifth of the number present shall be necessary to sustain the call and when such call is sustained the yeas and nays shall be entered on the Journal
Rule 62 The effect of the order that the 1 main question be now put is to bring the Senate to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 63 After the main question has been ordered a motion to reconsider this action will if adopted have the effect to repeal the ordering of both the main question and the previous question and will leave the pending measure again open to debate and amendment This motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question can be made only once and if lost or if the main question is again subsequently ordered on the pending measure no second motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question shall be entertained
Rule 64 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any matter if the pre
42
viotis question is ordered there shall he twenty minutes allowed to the members of said committee whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 65 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Rule 66 A call of the Senate shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the President that a quorum is not present
Rule 67 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Rule 68 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Rule 69 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
Rule 70 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend
How called and ordered
Call of the Senate when in order
Questiona of order
Effect
Not amendable
When cannot be applied
43
Not renewed
Debate when and how allowed
Motion to commit
Precedence of
yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 71 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has cfnce been voted down
MOTION to POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 72 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another This motion cannot be renewed or made a second time to the same measure on the same day
Rule 73 The motion to postpone to a day certain cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but only to the whole measure It is amendable by substituting one day or time for another If a day proposed is known to be beyond the limits of the Session the motion shall be treated as one to indefinitely postpone
MOTION TO COMMIT
Rule 74 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee
Rule 75 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on
44
V
Rnle 76 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 77 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the Senator making the motion
Rule 78 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same of any other committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTION TO AMEND
Rule 79 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2nd By striking out words
3rd By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment Any irrelevant amendment or amendment obviously offered for the purpose of delay shall be ruled out of order by the President
Rule 80 When a bill or resolution is before the Senate for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the Senate to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the
When debatable
How
amended
Motion to recommit
Amendments how made
Bill first perfected then the substitute
45
When too late to amend
Must be in writing
Priority
Blanks
Caption
when
amended
Amending by sections
substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be 11 Shall this bill pass or p resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 81 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was j referred the bill or resolution under considera I tion has been agreed to by the Senate unless i said action of the Senate in so agreeing to said 1 report of said committee shall first be recon f sidered
Rule 82 All motions to amend any matter before the Senate must be in writing and must 1 plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment 1 desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 83 On all questions whether in committee or in the Senate the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 84 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 85 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Rule 86 When a propostion consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the Senate shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Secretary in reading the same shall pause at
the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Secretary without any motion being made in the Senate and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur back and amend it
Rule 87 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Secretary shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 88 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a paragraph any amendment offered to perfect the paragraph shall be put first before the question it put for striking it out
Rule 89 When any bill or resolution which originated in the Senate has been amended in the House and is before the Senate for action on the House amendment an amendment may be offered in the Senate to the House amendment but the Senate amendment to the House amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 90 A motion to amend an amendment made by the House to a Senate bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Rule 91 The questions which arise before the Senate respecting amendments by the House to a Senate bill or resolution are
Amendments by striking out and inserting
Priority of amendment to perfect
Amending
House
amendments
See Buie 130
Priority
Priority of questions on House amendments
47
Motion to reconsider
Shall not be
withdrawn
when
When there may be one reconsideration
When in order
1st A motion to agree to the House amendment
2d A motion to disagree to the House amendment
3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order
BECONSIDEBATION
Buie 92 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any Senator to move for reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter that has been previously reconsidered provided such Senator shall notify the Senate of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed
Buie 93 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Buie i 94 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Buie 95 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the time for unanimous consents on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on
48
the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Provided a motion to reconsider the action of the Senate ordering immediate transmission of any bill or resolution to the House shall be made and disposed of before the transaction of other business
Rule 96 The action of the Senate upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
Rule 97 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
ABSENTEES
Rule 98 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the Senate shall not be dispensed with except by a majority vote of the Senators present
Rule 99 Upon the call of the Senators ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Secretary and shall appear upon the Journal
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 100 The power to compel the attendance of Senators in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the President and to this end he may have the doors of the Senate closed When the doors are so closed no Senator shall be allowed to retire from the Senate without first obtaining leave from the Senate
The Messenger of the Senate shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the Senate and on or
Amendments when reconsidered
Place on calendar
Morning
rollcall
dispensed
with by
majority
vote
Names of
absentees
noted
Sergeantatarms Power to compel attendance
49
Call how ordered
Subsequent
proceedings
Messages
Messages when received and considered
der of the President may arrest any absentees and bring them before the Senate when neces sary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE SENATE
Rule 101 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present or when the President shall officially state the fact to the Senate it shall be in order for any Senator to make a motion for a call of the Senate and when this motion is made the President shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the Senate prevail and if five of the Senators present shall vote in the affirmative the President shall order the Secretary to call the roll of Senators and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by order of the majority of the Senators present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the Senate shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 102 When a message is sent to the Senate it shall be announced at the door of the Senate by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully comunicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 103 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a ques
50
tion is being put or a ballot or a viva voce vote is being taken A messageshall be presented to the Senate by the President when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business on which the Senate is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the Senate
Buie 104 After a motion is stated by the President or read by the Secretary it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Senate but may be withdrawn at any time before decision by consent of the Senate
Buie 105 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Buie 106 Any motion to suspend the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate
Buie 107 Any motion not privileged containing new matters shall lie at least one day on the table
Buie 108 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Secretary shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Buie 109 Where a motion is made by any Senator it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the Senate
Buie 110 After the announcement of the standing committees no other Senators shall be placed thereon unless it be at the request of a
Motions
Petitions
memorials
etc
No debate
Motions not privileged
Record
Not necessary to second motion
Committees how and when enlarged
51
Privileges of the floor
Duty of Committee on Journals
Adjourn
ment
majority of the committee to be added threto except when Senators have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the President may assign said Senators to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 111 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the Senate except the Senators and officers of the Senate the officers and members of the House the President of the United States and Cabinet members the Governor of the State and the heads of the offices of the Executive Department exGovernors Judges of the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals in actual commission expresiding officers of the Senate and House members of Congress from Georgia Governors and members of the Legislature of any State of the United States members of the press actually reporting legislative proceedings and such others as the Senate may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor but the privilege of the floor shall be extended to no person for a period longer than two days and not more than twice during any session
Rule 112 It shall be the duty of the committee on Journals to read the Journal of each day s proceedings and report to the Senate that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Secretary
Rule 113 The hours of the morning sessions of the Senate shall be from 10 o clock A M to one oclock P M when the Senate shall stand adjourned until ten oclock A M of the next succeeding day Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
52
Buie 114 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
Buie 115 All writs warrants supoenas issued by order of the Senate shall be signed by the President and attested by the Secretary
Buie 116 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the Senate while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the President and to execute the demands of the Senate from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the President
Buie 117 The Messenger under the direction of the Secretary shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Buie 118 No committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendments recommended on separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendments relate
Buie 119 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Buie 120 Whenever any Senator moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the President shall appoint a committee on the part of the Senate and in such case the committee
Motion for yeas and nays not debatable
Signature of President and Secretary
Duty of Messenger
Messengers duty in distributing documents etc
Interlineation forbidden
Pairing
Committees of Conference
53
Amend
ments
Free debate
Motion
Majority
and minority reports
What motions lie on table
Changing
votes
shall consist only of such Senators as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the Senate and if by inadvertence any Senator be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the Senate and be excused by the President
Rule 121 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the Senate it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the Senate but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 122 No Senator shall after debating any question and before yielding the floor be allowed to submit any motion the effect of which shall be to prevent further debate
Rule 123 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment If a motion be made to strike out a part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend the part proposed to be stricken out shall be first on order
Rule 124 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
Rule 125 Every motion for information from the Executive or other Departments shall lie on the table one day unless referred to a committee by vote of the Senate
Rule 126 On the call of the yeas and nays the Secretary shall read the names of the Sena
54
tors after they have been called and no Senator shall Jbe permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 127 Questions of the privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the Senate collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of Senators individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions Provided that when any matter is pending before the Senate no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question is disposed of
Rule 128 In all elections a majority of the Senators present shall he necessary to a choice
Rule 129 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays are called and recorded All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money must originate in the House of Representatives hut the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Rule 130 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall he entered on the Journal and when any amendment to the Constitution shall be agreed to by a twothirds vote of members elected such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on the Journal in full with the years and nays taken thereon
Questions of privilege
Elections
Appropriating money yeas and nays called and recorded Must originate in House Rejjresenta f tivei
Amendment to Constitution entered in full in journals
55
Caption or title only to be read in local bills
Secretary to take oath and give bond
Oath of enrolling and engrossing Clerks
Must be examined by enrolling committee and be recommended by it as competent
Secretary must enter on journals proceedings of joint sessions
Rule 131 The first and second reading of local bills shall consist of the reading of the titles only unless said bill is ordered engrossed
Rule 132 The Secretary and Assistant Secretary shall before entering on their duties as such take an oath before their presiding officer to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge and the Secretary shall enter into bond in the sum of 5000 conditioned for faithful discharge of his duties Said bond to be approved by President of Senate
Rule 133 All engrossing and enrolling clerks before entering upon the discharge of their respective duties shall take an oath before the President of Senate to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge of which a minute shall be made and entered on the Journals and no jouranalizing recording enrolling or engrossing clerk shall be appointed by the Secretary of Senate until such clerk has been examined by the Enrolling Committee and certified to be competent and well qualified for the discharge of the duties required of him and shall be removed at any time upon recommendation of the Enrolling Committee
Rule 134 When there is a meeting of both branches of the General Assembly in joint session the Secretary shall enter in the journal of the Senate the proceedings of the same
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COMMITTEES
Rule 135 The President shall appoint the following standing committees
Committee on Academy for the Blind Committee on Agriculture
Committee on Amendments to Constitution Committee on Appropriations
Committee on Auditing
Committee on Aviation
Committee on Banks and Banking Committee on Commerce
Committee on Congressional and Legislative Re apportionment
Committee on Conservation
Cojnmittee on Corporations
Committee on Counties and County Matters Committee on Drainage
Committee on Education and Public Schools No 1
Committee on Education and Public Schools No 2
Committee on Engrossing
Committee on Enrollment
Committee on Finance
Committee on Game and Fish
Committee on General Judiciary No One Committee on General Judiciary No Two Committee on Halls and Rooms
Committee on Highways and Public Roads Committee on Historical Research Committee on Hygiene and Sanitation Committee on Industrial Relations Committee on Insurance
Committee on Interstate Cooperative Council of State Government
Committee on Internal Improvements
57
Committee on Journals
Committee on Manufactures
Committee on Military Affairs Committee on Mines and Mining Committee on Motor Vehicles Committee on Municipal Government Committee on Penitentiary
Committee on Pensions
Committee on Privileges and Elections Committee on Privileges of the Floor Committee on Public Library Committee on Public Printing Committee on Public Property Committee on Public Utilities Committee on Public Welfare Committee on Rules
Committee
Committee
Committee
Committee
Committee
Committee
Committee
Alto
Committee
on School for the Deaf on Special Judiciary on State of the Republic on State Sanitarium on Temperance on Training Schools on Tuberculosis Sanitarium at
on Uniform Laws
Committee on University System of Georgia Committee on Western and Atlantic Railroad
The Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Finance and the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Finance shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
58
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 136 The following shall be the order of business
1 Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of Committee on Journals
4 Notices of motions to reconsider
5 Reading the Journal
6 Motions to reconsider
7 Confirmations of the Journal
8 Unanimous consents
9 Reports of Standing Committees
10 Reports of Select Committees
11 Messages from the Governor
12 Unfinished business
13 Special Orders and Orders of the Day
14 Messages from the House of Representatives
15 Introduction of bills etc the first time on Mondays Wednesdays and Thursdays
16 Reading House Bills etc the first time for reference f
17 Reading bills etc second time favorably reported from committees
18 Consideration of bills etc adversely reported on Tuesdays and Fridays
19 Reading for third time of bills etc ready for passage
20 Motions resolutions and petitions
Rule 137 The report of the Committee on Rules shall be in order at any time and messages from the Governor or from the House of Representatives may be received under any order of business
59
Rule 138 No change of or addition to these rules shall he made unless such proposed change or addition be submitted in writing and referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the Senate
Rule 139 The rules of the Senate shall in no case be suspended or changed or the order of business changed except by a twothirds vote a quorum of the Senate being present and voting
Rule 140 The Auditing Committee before auditing the account of any Senator for expenses as a Committeeman or incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of the Senate shall require of him an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item whenever the same is practicable
Rule 141 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
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CONSTITUTIONAL EULES
Eule 142 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4
Eule 143 Each Senator and Eepresentative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
Eule 144 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14
Eule 145 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6
Eule 146 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12
What is a quorum Compelling attendance
Oath of members
Majority required to pass bill
Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members
Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays
61
Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays
Revenue bills
Reading of bills
One subject matter etc
An amendment to laws and sections of Code
Rule 147 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21
Rule 148 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third reading of local bills must be full and complete
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5
Rule 149 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10
Rule 150 No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8
Rule 151 No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17
62
Rule 152 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provisions have been made by existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
Pule 153 The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
Rule 154 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Rule 155 The General Appropriations bill shall embrace nothing except appropriation fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the
General laws how varied
Consent and when required
Corpora
tions
Power delegated to courts
Relief of recognizance
What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appriations by separate bills
63
Adjourn
ment
Elections
Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote
January session limited to ten days
support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall he made by separate hills each embracing but one subject
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9
Eule 156 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24
Eule 157 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Eepresentatives When the Senate and House of Eepresentatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Eepresentative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result
Art 3 Sec 10 Par lj
Eule 158 No bill or ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13
Eule 159 The General Assembly shall meet on the second Monday in January 1933 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the
64
day shall be changed by law Such session shall continue no longer than ten 10 days
The General Assembly shall reconvene in Regular regular session on the second Monday after the limited to 4th of July 1933 and biennially thereafter on sixty days the same date until the date shall be changed by law No such regular session shall continue longer than sixty 60 days
Rule 160 Each House shall be the judge of Election the election returns and qualifications of its conduct members and shall have the power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by Expulsion censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but iy twono member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1
Rule 161 No provision of this Constitution signature for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the Gen whenvernor eral Assembly shall be construed to waive the requireinecessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23
Rule 162 The Governor shall have the jg Governors vision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Effect of Sunday excepted after it has been presented
65
When Governor must approve
Effect of twothirds vote
Twothirds vote required
Twothirds vote required on amendments to Constitution
to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not he effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16
Eule 163 Every note resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 17
Eule 164 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4
Eule 165 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Eepresentatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous
to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
Rule 166 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2
Rule 167 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries not to exceed four thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Court shall have salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office
Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called
Salaries of judges
67
May be changed by a twothirds vote
Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same
The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such changes shall affect the officers then in commission
Art 6 Sec 13 Pars 1 and 2
Rule 168 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16
8
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SENATE IN EXECUTIVE SESSION
1 When nominations shall be made by the Governor to the Senate a future day shall be assigned for their considerations unless the Senate directs otherwise
2 When acting on executive business the Senate shall be cleared of all persons except the Senators the Secretary and Assistant Secretary
3 All information or remarks touching or concerning the character or qualifications of any person nominated by the Governor for office shall be kept secret
4 The Legislative and Executive proceedings of the Senate shall be kept in separate and distinct books except that a copy of the message transmitting information of definite action on appointments of the Governor shall be placed in the regular Journals of the Senate
5 All nominations approved by the Senate or otherwise definitely acted on shall be transmitted by the Secretary to the Governor with the determination of the Senate thereon from day to day as such proceedings may occur but no further extract from the Executive Journal shall be furnished published or otherwise communicated except as provided in Rule 4 during any session except by special order of the Senate and in transmitting the determination of the Senate thereon the Secretary shall in no instance furnish a list of the names of Senators voting in the affirmative or negative but only
69
the fact of confirmation or rejection and the numerical vote and the record of votes shall he sealed and transmitted to the Secretary of States office there to be placed on file
6 A majority of a quorum shall be necessary to confirm the nomination to any office made by the Governor and sent to the Senate for ap proval When nominations are made by the Governor for any office which require the assent and approval of the Senate in executive session after the Secretary shall read the name of the party nominated and the position to which he is appointed the President shall put to the Senate the following Shall the nomination of the Governor be confirmed by the Senate Those who favor the confirmation will as your names are called vote Aye those opposed vote No After the roll is called the President will announce the result of the ballot and declare the result as follows It appears from the vote that a majority of the Senators have voted to confirm the appointment made by the Governor the same is hereby confirmed by the Senate or A majority of the Senators have voted against the confirmation of the nomination made by the Governor it is therefore rejected by the Senate
7 No Senator will be at liberty at any time or under any circumstances to expose or publish anything transpiring in executive session except only such matters as are required to be disclosed under the rules It is the intent and meaning of this rule that the business transacted in executive session shall be sacred and free from exposure to the outside world that every Senator shall be on his honor concerning the same
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN ASSEMBLED IN JOINT SESSION
1 The time of the meeting of the two houses in joint session shall be determined by the concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law
2 The elections shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
3 The votes are to be taken for but one election at the same time and a majority of the whole number of votes cast is necessary to a choice
4 The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet in joint session in the hall of the House of Representatives on the first Monday of every session at 10 oclock a m or at such time as may be fixed by joint resolution of both houses for the purpose of electing such officers of said State as are now or may hereafter be required to be elected by the General Assembly Said joint session shall continue in morning and afternoon sessions from day to day until all of said officers are elected
5 At the hour determined by the concurrent
71
resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives
6 The President of the Senate shall preside and announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening the same He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may he taken from any of his decisions to the whole General Assembly
7 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate
8 In announcing a candidate the mover shall not make any commendatory or other remarks
9 After a person is nominated for any office in joint session of the General Assembly it shall not be in order to second such nomination and when the nomination is declared closed the President shall forthwith order the rollcall and each member when called shall rise in his seat and respond promptly announcing distinctly his choice for such office
10 In the elections by the General Assembly no member after having voted shall be allowed to change his vote unless he will rise and state in his place that he voted by mistake or that his vote had been recorded by mistake
11 No debate shall be in order except as to questions of order
12 No motion to adjourn shall be in order In lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in the form That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved or That the joint
72
session of the General Assembly be now dissolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence of the former
13 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall always he in order except that after the call of the roll has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate
14 When a motion to dissolve the joint session shall he decided in the negative the same shall not again he in order until other business shall have intervened
15 When a motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or to a fixed time shall he decided in the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber
16 The majority of each house shall he necessary to constitute a quorum of the joint session
17 These rules may he amended by the concurrent resolution of the two houses and they or either of them shall cease to he in force when either house shall notify the other house of the withdrawal of its consent to the same
73
INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF Senate of Georgia
ABSENTEES KuleNo
Arrest of when100 101
Call of SenateI oi
Names recorded in Journal 9I
Roll Call dispensed with when gg
Secretary duty as to Absentees 99
ADJOURN MOTION TO
Amendable not 47
Debatable not 47
Definite time debatable when 4g
Definite time Amendable when 4g
Division not in order during1 50
Effect when motion prevails 51
Main Question Ordered not in order 50 59
Precedence of 4g 49
Previous Question motion for sustained motion to adjourn
in order 5059
Shall not be made second time when 47
When in orderU47495059
When not in order 50 59
Yeas and Nays beings called not in order 50
ADJOURNMENT
Constitutional time limit 113
Courtesy to President at 22
Effect when hour of arrives while Senate is acting under
previous question 52 59
Effect when hour of arrives while vote is being taken by
Yeas and Nays gg
Hour of Fixed by Senate 113
ADVERSE REPORT
Bills and Resolutions adversely reported taken up when 38
Debate on
Effect of on bills 3g
Second Reading after when 00
74
11059 649
AMENDMENTS
Adjourn motion to not amendable
Adjourn to definite time amendable when Applicable to Amendments
Rule No 47
48
Si 79
Amendments to Amendments not amendable
Bills and Resolutions amended by sections 79 yb
Bills and Resolutions perfected before substitute
Bills and Resolutions perfected before caption
Blanks must be filled in before
By Committee
Commit motion to amendable how
80
85
84
118
77
Committee Amendments take precedence
Committee shall not deface or interline bill but report
amendments on separate paper
Caption not considered until Bill perfected
Engrossment Effect of
General Appropriations Bill Senate may amend
General Tax Bill Senate may amend
Germane must be
House Amendments to S B
118
85
37
129
129
123
8991
89
90
House Amendments to S B may be amended
House Amendments to S B Priority of motion to amend House Amendments to S B Priority of Questions on 91
House Amendments to S B Senate Amendment to not
subject to amendment
Priority of r
Priority of to perfect part proposed to be stricken 88123
1 121
11 46
69
73
96
118
Priority of on passage of bill
Precedence of motion to amend
Postpone indefinitely motion to not amendable
Postpone definitely amendable
Reconsideration of when
Report of by committee
Report of Committee agreed to amendments after 81
Requirements of motion to amendSecretary duty of when amendments made to bill and resolutions by sections
Secretary duty of in amending by inserting and striking
out
Strike out motion to part to be stricken considered first
Section by
Table amendments motion to not in order
Table motion to lay on or take from not amendable
82
86
87
123
86
53
56
75
Rule No
Ways of makingL5 79
When too late 81 86
When made bill being considered by sections86
Writing motion to amend must be in h J82
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION
Journal proposed recorded in 130
Yeas and Nays recorded on V 130
Majority required 130
APPEALS
From Presidents decision 9
Member called to Order may appeali 15
No debate on appeals of personal character 8
Time of making 9
APPLAUSE
Prohibited in Galleries or Senate Chamber 26
APPROPRIATIONS
General Bill right of way 35
House must originate 129
Senate may amend appropriation billgI 129
Yeas and Nays required l 129
ATTENDANCE
Arrest of senators for nonattendance100101
i Call of SenateI 100
Messengers duty as to VI100 101
Power to compel inn 101
President duty as toTT inn 101
AUDITING COMMITTEE
Accounts of members duty as to 140
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Adverse Committee report on 38
Amendments to 79
Amendments to passed on before caption or preamble
considered gg
Amendments Bill perfected first1 80
v jAmendinents to too late 8186
Amendments by sections 86
Amendments to when too late bill being considered by
rf sections s gg
Amendments to by striking and inserting 87
Amendments by committees how reported ns
Bills perfected before substitutes 80
76
Rule No
Caption not cbnsidered until bill perfected 85
Committee amendments take precedence 121
Committee amendments how reportedi 118
Committee reports on precedence of
41
Committee Report on effect of disposal of 3839
Committee Report favorable effect of 3860
Committee Report unfavorable effect of 3860
Commit motion to1 467477
Commitment to Committees4 37
Debate none on first reading 3
Deface or interline no committee shall 118
Disagreement to favorable committee report effect of 39
Engrossment effect of37
Entries on to be made by secretary 37
n 42
First Reading no debate
General Appropriations bill takes precedence 33
General bills not placed for passage out of order by
unanimous consent
General Tax Bill take precedence
Intermediate transmission to house 44
Local Bills effect of engrossment 131
Local Bills First and Second Reading 131
Local Bills third reading and placement for passage by
unanimous consent j 40
Precedence of
President duty to commit 3
Printing of 43
Reading of by unanimous consent44
Recommit motion tovAr
7 AQ
Requirements of
Reported by committee bill may be amended before report
agreed to
Reconsideration 9297
Reconsideration effect off
Second Reading after adverse committee report
Secretary duty of in amending by striking and inserting Secretary state author and number of when reading
Secretary to call in order on calendar
Special committee motion to commit to
Strike out motion to part to be stricken considered first
Unanimous consent for reading or consideration
Withdrawal of
Substitute Bill perfected before
121
77
CALL OF THE SENATE Rule No
Contempt on W 12
When in order 12101
When main question orderedI 66
CAPTION
Not considered until bill perfected i 85
CHANGE OF VOTES
How and whenI 126
COMMITTEES
Amendments by how reported 118
Amendments by takes precedence 121
Appointment of 4135
Appropriations exofficio members ofj 135
Bills not to be interlined or defaced by 118
Chairmen Appropriations and Finance exofficio members 135
Change after announcementa 110
Commit to motion to 7478
Conference how and when constitutedf 120
Enlarged how iI110
Exofficio members oflI1 135
Finance exofficio members of 135
President appoint Ir 4135
President exofficio member of rules committee 135
Reports order of precedenceii 41
Recommit to motion to78
Senators elected to fill vacancies committee assignments 110
Standing committees 135
COMMIT MOTION TO
Amended how2 77
Applicable to what 74
Debate simple motion not debatable 76
Debate motion to commit with instructions debatable 76
Precedence among other motions 46
Precedence among motions to commit 75
Special Committee to 74 75
Standing committee to takes precedence 75
Recommit motion to 78
CONTEMPT
By Outsiders
By Senators 2101
On Call of the Senate 12101
78
CONVERSATION Rule No
Prohibited in Senate chamberi 24
Presidents right to suppress 1
Senators refrain from when 17
DEBATE
Adjourn motion to not debatable 47
Adjourn to definite time motion to debatable 48
Adverse report debate on1 60
Appeals from chair of personal character not debatable 8
Bill or resolution no debate on first reading 37
Breach of order in debate 15
Change order of business motion to not debatable 106
Commit motion to not debatable 76
Commit with instructions motion to debatable 76
Committee matters reference to out of order in 23
Conduct of Senators in r15212223
Conversation reference to out of order in 23
Excuse from voting motion to not debatable 31
First reading of bill or resolution no debate37
House happenings reference to out of order in 23
Incidental matters after motion for previous question
sustained decided without debate 67
Interrogation of speakers thru president 21
Limitation of speeches 15
Minority report debate on 64
Nondebatable motion not in order whenI 32122
Postpone definitely motion to debate limited 72
Postpone indefinitely motion to debatable 69
Previous Question motion for not debatable 59
Previous Question motion for decided affirmatively
debate limited 6064
Previous Question motion for incidental questions decided
without debate 67
Priority of Business decided by President without debate 14
Reading of papers question of decided without debate 30
Roll Call no debate during 27
Suspend Rules motion to not debatableM106
Yeas and Nays motion for decided without debate 114
Yeas and Nays no debate during27
DISPARAGING REMARKS
Prohibited on Nominations 25
DIVISION OF SENATE
After main question ordered 1 61
79
Call for ii 61
Excuse for voting motion to must be beforeI 31
Senator may ask for 561
DIVISION OF QUESTION
Duty of member asking 34
Right to call for 33
What divisible 3 3334
ENGROSSMENT
Effect of 37
ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE
Clerks examine and approvei 133
Clerks recommend removal of 133
EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN
Procedure for taking16
EXECUTIVE SESSION
Reference to Special Rules
Cleared Senate Chamber cleared of all persons except
senators secretary and assistant secretary 2
Journal message informing governor of action on nominees record in regular journal 1 4
Journal separate journal for executive sessions 4
Journal secret13 5 7
Governor informed of action on nominees by secretary 45
Nomination majority necessary to confirmi 6
Nomination how puti 6
Nomination when considered1 16
Nominees discussion of secretsjj 3 57
Nominees secretary inform governor of action on 5
Proceedings kept in separate book from legislative
proceedings 4
Proceedings kept secret3 5 7
Procedure L 2 6
Remarks of Senators kept secret 3
Secretary and assistant in senate during session 2
Secretary duty as to journal A 5
Secretary inform governor of action on nominees 5
Secrecy required 23 5 7
Senate chamber cleared of all persons except senators secretary and assistant secretary during session 2
Rule No
Senators shall not disclose proceedings or happenings
of session 37
Votes on nominations kept secret v 5
Votes record of sealed and filed with Secretary of State 5
Votes result only announced 5
EXPLANATION OF VOTES
When and time allowed 29
EXPULSION OF MEMBERS
When and how 15
DOORKEEPER
Clear lobbies and galleries when 11
Messages duty in receiving1 102
Suspension of 10
GALLERIES
Applause or hisses prohibited in1 26
President may cleari H
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Minutes of joint sessions of kept in Senate Journal 134
GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS BILLS
Precedence of 35
Senate may amend only 129
GENERAL TAX BILL
Precedence of Ir 35
Senate may amend onlyi 129
GOVERNOR
Entitled to privileges of the Floor ill
HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT
Effect of arrival of1 52 59
Effect of arrival of when Senate acting under previous
question 52 59
Effect of arrival of vote being taken by yeas and nays 52
Fixed by Senate 113
Provided 113
IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO THE HOUSE
Majority vote necessary fori 44
Reconsideration of motion for 95
When ordered 44
81
JOINT SESSION
RULES OF GENERAL ASSEMBLY IN JOINT SESSION References to Special Rules
Adjourn motion to see motion to dissolve Rule No
Appeals from decisions of chair 6
Change of vote when allowed10
Commendatory remarks prohibited 8
Elections by 1 910
Elections change of vote on 10
Elections majority forgif 3
Elections only one at timeS 3
Elections record of vote kept in House Journal 2
Elections vote how taken 239
Elections where held Z 2
Debate no debate except on points of order 11
Dissolve motion to not in order after roll call commenced 13
Dissolve motion to effect of when prevailing 15
Dissolve motion to and reconvene at definite time
takes precedence 13
Dissolve motion to definite and indefinite 12
Dissolve motion to when in order 13
Dissolve motion to when lost in order again when 14
Journal of House contain record of vote on elections 2
Majority necessary for election 3
Nominations no commendatory remarks by member making 8
Nominations no second of in order 9
Nominations roll call onr9
Order points of debatable 11
Presiding Officer President of Senate 26
Presiding Officer duties of 6915
Place of meetingj w 25
Procedurej 6
Quorum 16
Roll Call on electionsjji 9
Roll Commenced motion to dissolve not in order3 13
Rules how changed 17
Rules consent of both houses to necessaryJ 17
Senate repair to Hall of House of Representatives 5
Senate return to Senate Chamber on dissolution 15
Sessions continue how long 413
Speaker of House sit at left of President of Senate 7
State officers election of 4
Time of meetingj14
Voting 239
Vote change of 10
JOURNAL Rule No
Absentees Contain names of 99
Appropriations motion for yeas and nays recorded on c 129
Committee on duty to read 112
Constitutional amendments recorded in 130
Constitutional amendments yeas and nays recorded on 130
Constitution requires twothirds majority for passage of
bill or resolution yeas and nays shall be recorded 130
General Assembly minutes kept in Senate 134
Oaths minutes of oaths kept in 133
Protest of Senators entry in 20
Reconsideration of matters in 92
Senators not voting on yeas and nays names entered in 108
LAUDATORY REMARKS
Prohibited r 25
LOCAL BILLS
Engrossment effect of 131
First and Second reading 131
Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent 40
MAIN QUESTION
Adjourn motion to not in order after main question
ordered 50 59
Call of Senate after ordered qq
Call of Senate after main question ordered 66
Debate time allowed for majority after main question
ordered go
Debate time allowed minority after main question ordered 64 Debate time allowed author after main question ordered6466 67
Division of Senate gl
Effect of when order59 60 64 6667
Reconsideration of ordering1 63
Table motion to not in order after main question ordered 5859 Vote how taken when ordered 61
MAJORITY
Change rules or order of business necessary to 45 139
Election necessary for 128
MEMORIALS
Presentment and considerationj 05
MINORITY REPORTS
Debate on g4
Minority may make reports how 124
83
MESSAGES Rule No
Consideration of 103
How sent received announced and considered 102
Received from the Governor or House at any time i
When Received 103137
MESSENGER
Arrest senators power to on order of president100101
Clear galleries and lobbies when 1
Duty of on call of Senate 101
ExOfficio SergeantatArmsrj 100 j
General duties glHO H7
MOTIONS
Information for from executive department lie on
table one day
Germane motion to amend must be 13
Nondebatable not in order when 32 122
OO
One at time only
Order of business motion to change not debatable 106
Order of business motion to change vote necessary 45139
Order of priorityI
Privilege question of take precedence l27
Reading by secretary effect of 1
Read papersmotion to not debatable
Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 139
Rules motion to change or suspend how submittedr 1
Seconding not required 19
Senator resume seat while motion is being put 28
Special Orders motion to make how submitted 36
Statement of by chair effect of 14
Strike out motion to part to be striken considered first 123
Unprivileged containing new matter lie on table one day IO7
Withdrawal of 104
NEW MATTERS
Information from executive department motion for lie on
table one day g
Unprivileged motion containing lie on table one day 107
Unanimous consent for31 40
NOMINATIONS
Disparaging remarks prohibited in 25
Laudatory Remarks prohibited in 25
84
OATHS Rule No
Assistant Secretary f 132
Clerks s 133
Entered in Journalv 133
Secretarys 132
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Established I l 136
Majority necessary to change order fixed by rules committee 45
Majority necessary to change order 139
Motion to change not debatable 106
Priority of decided by president without debate 14
Rules committee fix during last fifteen days of session 45
Special orders motion for how submitted 36
PAIRING
Not recognized fv 119
PARLIAMENTARY LAW
Applicable when vj 1 141
PETITIONS
Presentment and consideration r 105
PREAMBLE
Not considered until bill or resolution perfected85
POSTPONE TO DEFINITE DAY MOTION TO
Applicable to what 73
Amendments subject toji 73
Debate limited 72
Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 73
Precedence of V 46 70
Renewal when lost cannot be made again the same day 72
POSTPONE INDEFINITELY MOTION TO
Applicable to what 70
Amendments not subject to 69
Jj r Debate subject to i 69
Effect when motion prevails1 68
Impossible motion to postpone impossible
day treated how 73
Precedence of 1r 46 70
Renewal when lost motion cannot be again made on same matter 71
85
PRESIDENT
Absence of president pro tern preside Adjournment Senators remain until president retires
Appeals from decisions of
Arrest president may order of persons
disturbing senate 7
Arrest Senators power to order when absent
Attendance power to compel
Business priority of decided by
Call of Senate power and duty onI
Committees appointed by
Commitment of bills and resolutions on first reading Courtesy due by Senators to at adjournment
Conference Committee appointed by
Division may order
Galleries power to clean
Interrogation of senators thru
Irrevelant debate power to suspendrSpite
Lobbies power to clear
Method of stating question
Messages duty on receiving
No quorum voting duty of president
Recognition of Senators decided by7
Rules committee exofficio chairman of
Signs all writs warrants etc of Senate
Silence power to command
Senator may name to preside
Senator may call to order for breach of rules Senators elected after committees appointed
president may appoint to committees
Standing Committees appointment of
Suspension of officers by
Vote president required to when
Vacant chairmanships power to fill
Rule No
7 22
8915
11
100101 100101
14 1213101
4135
37
p 22
i 120
5
11 21
1
11
5
103
1213
3
135
115
1 6
15
110
135
10
2
111 110
PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE
Absence of president and president pro tempore secretary
shall call election of president pro tempore 7
Duties of
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Adjournment effect of arrival of hour of
Senate acting under 52
Adjourn motion to after motion for previous question sustained m5059
86
Rule No
Affirmative vote on effect of 6064 67
Applicable to what 0g
Call of Senate after previous question orderecL 66
Debate regulated previous question decided affirmatively 60 64
Debate motion for not subject to 59
Exhausted before matters excepted to decided 16
Incidental questions arising after previous question
ordered decided without debate 67
Precedence of motion for l gg
Reconsideration 63
Table motion to after motion for previous question sustained 5859
PRIVILEGE
Motion without to lie on table 207
Personal 227
Question of what constitute 227
Questions of take precedence 127
PRIVILEGE OF THE FLOOR
When extended to visitors HI
Who entitled to 211
PRINTING OF BILLS
When ordered 43
PROTESTS OF SENATORS
Procedure for 20
QUOROM
Call of Senate no quorum voting 201
No quorum voting duty of president 1213101
No quorum voting president may order yeas and nays13
READING OF PAPERS
Determined by Senate gg
RECOMMIT MOTION TO
Applicable to what I
RECONSIDERATION
Amendments of 1 96
Applicable to what 02
Committee Reports of action on 39
Effect ofJp6397
87
Rule No
Immediate transmission motion for reconsidered when
Intervening days effect of1
Main question ordering of may be reconsidered Vji
Main question ordering of may be reconsidered only once 63
Notice required
One time no matter reconsidered butr
Previous question reconsideration of 6j
When and how asked
When motion for is in orderr
REMONSTRANCES
1 0
Presentment and Consideration
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
Amendments after agreement to Disagreement to effect of
Favorable report effect of
Form of
Minority reports
Procedure after
Precedence of
Reconsideration of action on
Unfavorable report
Writing must be in
RULES
Change proposal to must be submitted in writing and
referred to Rules committee
Majority necessary to change
Special orders motion to make how submittedg
Suspend motion to not debatable
Suspended how T7106138136
RULES COMMITTEE
Change in rules all proposals for submitted to 138
Order of business for last fifteen days fixed by 45
Report of in order at any time 131
Special orders must be reported on by 36
SECRETARY
Absence of president and president pro tern call election
for president pro tentr T
Absentees note name of
Amending bills by sections duty of in 86
Amending bills by striking and inserting duty of in 87
81
39
38 124 124
3839 41
39 38
124
88
Rule No
Attest all writs warrants etc of Senate 115
Bills and Resolutions called in order by from calendar 35
Bills and Resolutions Engrossed Entries on to be made by 37
Bills and Resolutions state number and author of
in calling c35
Bond of i i 14 132
Clerks appointment of 133
General assembly joint session keep minutes of2 134
Journal duty to enter names of Senators not voting
on yeas and nays11 108
Oath 132
SENATORS
Adjournment duty of at22
Accounts of duty of auditing committee as toSil 140
Applause prohibited St 26
Arrest power of president to order100101
Attendance power of president to compel 100101
Call of Senate may ask LSI I 101
Called to order for transgression of rules 15
Committee assignments when elected after organization
of Senate completed 110
Conduct in debate j 15 i7182123 26 32
Contempt of the Senate1 12
Conversation refrain from 17
Courtesy owed Senator speaking11 22
Debate how often speak 15
Debate reference to private conversations committee
or house happenings prohibit in242 23
Decorum of 2151719 2126
Division of Question may ask for1 33
Division of Question duty of Senator asking for34
Division of Senate may ask for 5 61
Disparaging Remarks prohibited 25
Exceptions to words spoken 16
Expulsion of L115
Interrogation of thru president1 21
Laudatory remarks prohibitedL 25
Messenger duty of toirJ117
Motion make only one at time28
Motion must resume seat while motion being put 28
Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when 32122
Not voting names of entered in Journal 108
Pairing of not recognized 1 119
89
Rule No
Personal Privilege i 127
Preside president may designate Senators to 6
Protest of Senate action by 20
Reading of Papers call forf 30
Recognition order of decided by president 3
Retire when required to 19
Retire not allowed to when12100
Senators refer to Senators by districts and not by name 18
Special Orders request for 36
Stationery messenger shall supply 117
Unanimous consent right to ask for 40
Vote changing how and when 126
Vote Explanation of 29
Vote shall not when interested i 1 19
Vote refusal to on call of Senate2 12
Voting motion to excuse from 31
Yeas and Nays call for 61
SERGEANTATARMS
Duty of on Call of the Senate 101
Messenger exofficioil1 100
SIGNATURE OF PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY
When requiredI 115
SILENCE
Senators preservegi 17
SMOKING
Prohibited 24
SPECIAL COMMITTEE
Priority of Motion to commit tol74 75
SPECIAL ORDER
How obtainedII 36
SUBSTITUTE
Bill perfected before 80
Table motion to not in order53
SUSPENSION OF RULES
How accomplishedr106138139
90
TABLE MOTION TO
Amendment motion to table riot in order 53
Amendment motion to table or take from table not
subject to 56
Applicable to whatg 57
Debate motion to table or take from table not subject to 56
Effect when motion to take from table prevails 54
Information from executive department motion for
lie on table one dayI 125
Motion to take from table in order when 54 55
Main Question ordered motion to table not in order5859
Presence of 46
Previous question motion for sustained motion to table
in orderjjh 5859
Renewal of motion to table or take from tableLsr 55
Substitute not subject to 53
Unprivileged motion containing new matter lie on
table one dayjj107
When in order motion to table and take from table 55 58
TWOTHIRDS VOTE WHEN NECESSARY
Constitution Amendment 130
Expulsion of Senators3 15
Yeas and Nays recorded when constitution requires 130
UNANIMOUS CONSENT
Explanation of vote byt 29
Limitation and regulation ofI 40
Local bills considered by when 40
New matters consideration by1 40
No request to extend time of explanation shall be entertained 29
YEAS AND NAYS
Adjournment effect of arrival of hour of while vote
being taken by I i 52
Adjourn motion to not in order during call of 50
Appropriations record of required on all 129
Call for after main question ordered 61
Change vote after call of i 126
Constitution requiring twothird vote for passage of
bill yeas and nays shall be recorded 130
Constitution amendment to required and recorded on 130
Debate no debate during call of 27
91
Rule No
Debate motion or call for not debatable 114
Explanation of vote when vote taken by 29
Excuse from voting motion to must be made before
start of i 31
Expulsion of Senator vote by 15
Journal show when61129130
Journal show names of Senators not voting on 108
President may order no quorum voting 1213
Required when 61129130
OFFICERS
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1945 AND 1946
ROY V HARRIS of RichmondSpeaker
FRED HAND of MitchellLSpeaker Pro Tem
P T McCUTCHEN JR of FultonClerk
OLIN SHEPPARD of HeardAsst Clerk
W E DIXON II of BibbReading Clerk
HERSCHEL L REID of CarrollMessage Clerk
GUY DURDEN of EmanuelJournal Clerk
JOSEPH M BRANCH of WashingtonChaplain
HUGH STRIPLIN of HeardMessenger
MARION TOMS of QuitmanDoorkeeper
93
MEMBERS
OF THE
GEORGIA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED ACCORDING TO NAMES WITH COUNTIES AND POSTOFFICES
FOR THE TERM 19451946
Representatives Adams Wallace Adamson LamarAlexander A W Alexander A Le Almand E L
Ansley C C
Arnall H C
Baker Frank L Jr
Banks Louis
Bargeron Jones J BurkeSardis
Barrett W NIBanksLula
Barwick J BGradygCairo
Battles G FJecaturBainbridge
Beddingfield Leon FDooly Vienna
Black J L WebsterRichland
Bloodworth Luther
County Post Office
Wheeler Glen wood
Clayton Jonesboro
Carroll Carrollton
Chatham Savannah
Walton Monroe
Leo Smithville
Coweta Newnan
Spalding Griffin
Floyd Rome
Lamar Barnesville
Boynton Claud C
Britton W A
Brock Dr L J
Brooke Stafford R
Broome W f
Brumby Otis A
Brunson Hoke S
Burch Jack
Campbell A M
Bibb Macon
Houston Perry
Union Suehes
Whitfield Dalton
Carroll Carrollton
Whitfield Dalton
DeTCalh Decatur
Cobh Marietta
Bulloch Statesboro
Dodge Chester
Greene Greensboro
Newton Mansfield
Burke Waynesboro
Twiggs Danville
Thomas Thomasville
Franklin Lavonia
Colquitt Moultrie
Camden Kingsland
94
Representatives County
Connell T GuyLowndes
Connerat W SpencerChatham
Cowart J GLowndes
Crow RayjWalker
Crowley John AMcDuffie
Culpepper J WFayette
Dallis RenderTroup
DeFoor J MMcIntosh
Dorsey John TCobb
Dorsey Guy CWhite
DuPree J DPulaski
Durden Adie NDougherty
Dykes James MarionBleckley
Ennis J HBaldwin
Ennis MarionBaldwin
Etheridge R NButts
Etheridge Paul S JrFulton
Evitt James JrCatoosa
Fortson Ben W JrWilkes
Fowler Alpha ADouglas
Freeman Robert AUpson
Gammage E LSumter
Garrison Frank pjlpHabersham
Gary Dr LorenQuitman
Gaskins J HBerrien
Gavin Chester1Clay
Gibson BartowSeminole
Giddens O TtCalhoun
Gilbert John JGlynn
Glisson J BlEvans
Gowen Charles LGlynn
Greene Palmer HCrisp
Greer JohnLanierI
Griswell Charles FGwinnett
Guerry Mrs John BMacon
Guyton C TEffingham
Hall I HTreutlen
Hampton R TFannin
Hand FredMitchell
Harden C ZTurnerj
Hardy Chas LHall1
Hardy C EJackson
Harris Roy VRichmond
Post Office
Valdosta
Savannah
Hahira v Rossville Thomson Fayetteville LaGrange Townsend Marietta Cleveland Hawkinsville Albany Cochran Milledgeville Milledgeville Jackson Atlanta Ringgold Washington Douglasville Thomaston Americus Cornelia Georgetown Nashville Fort Gaines Donalsonville Leary Brunswick Claxton Brunswick Cordele Lakeland Lawrenceville Montezuma Guyton Soperton Mineral Bluff Pelham Ashburn Gainesville Jefferson Augusta
95
Representatives
Harrison Walter
Harrison Philip WHarrison Robert L
Hart A B
Hatchett J Frank
Hefner J I
Herndon T O
Herrin W H Jr
Hicks M G
Hill Kent
Hinson W J
Hinson Wayne
Hogg J P
Hooks V H
Holbrook Jay L
Holleman R M
Holley W W
Hollis M RgfS
Holloway J J
Hubert H O Jr
Hurst Eugene P
Jackson J B
Jennings T D
Jennings Henry S
Johns J P
Kelley E H
Kendrick W C
Kenimer Zade
Kennon J Hi
Kent Thomas G
Key W H
King G Pierce
Knabb Ralph
Lam C 0
Lancaster H A
Lane J 0j
Lewis John C
Littlejohn A D
Livingston Dr D M Looper Max R Lovett W Herschel McCracken J Roy McCurdy Julius A
County Jpnkins Post Office Millen
Halcyondale
Wsynft Jesup
Th rvmne Thomasville
M eri wether Greenville
Pi cVcns Jasper
Hart Hartwell
Echols Howell
Floyd Rome
Clarke Athens
Jeff Davis Hazlehurst
Ware Waycross
Marion Buena Vista
Emanuel Swainsboro
Forsyth Gumming
Muscogee Columbus
Richmond Augusta
Chattahoochee Cusseta
Schley Ellaville
PoKalh Decatur
Coweta Newnan
Washington Harrison
Sumter Americus
Terrell Dawson
Brantley Winokur
Walker St Elmo Tenn
Fulton Atlanta
Harris Cook
Waverly Hall
Adel
GlascockjlGibson
JasperMonticello
RichmondAugusta
CharltonMoniac
TroupHogansville
HallGainesville
PolkRockmart
HancockSparta
FloydRome
PolkCedartown
DawsonDawsonville
LaurensDublin
JeffersonLouisville
DeKalbDecatur
96
Representatives
Mason C R
Overby H O Jr
Parham J H
Parks J
Pennington Lee W
Porter Ford
County Post Office
Chatham Savannah
Bulloch Statesboro
Laurens Dublin
Fulton Atlanta
Henry Stockbridge

Rockdale Conyers
Cherokee Canton
Morgan Madison
Dade Wildwood
Paulding Dallas
Peach Fort Valley
Talhot Junction City
Bacon Alma
Decatur Bainhridge
Monroe Forsyth
Taliaferro Sharon
Montgomery Mount Vernon
Early Jakin
Brooks Quitman
Randolph Cuthbert
Gilmer JEllijay
Haralson Rremen
Oconee Watkinsville
Barrow Winder
Pierce Blackshear
Baker Newton
Tatnall Glennville
Worth Sylvester
Stewart Richland
Heard Franklin
Lumpkin Dahlonega
Murray Chatsworth
Wilkinson Gordon
Bartow Cartersville
Columbia Harlem
Bartow Cartersville
Tift Tifton
Gordon Calhoun
Stephens Toccoa
Clarke Athens
Chattooga Summerville
Warren Warrenton
Colquitt Moultrie
Rabun Clayton
97
Representatives County Post Office
Rossee P C
Houghton W H
Rowland J H
Sap W Herman
Seagler Wade H
Seagraves A F
Sears L F
Sheffield J Walter
Shields I Lr
Sills F H
Smiley C J
Smith Dr W K
Smith George L II
Smith J C
Sparks W O
Strickland W A
Strickland George
Sumner Dr Gordon S
Swint A G
Thompson G C
Thornton W H
Thrash J M
Trotter M M
Twitty Frank S
Underwood U S
Watford R L
Weaver A H S
Wells Virgil G
Wells J P
Whaley John K
Williams Dr A D
Williams Claude G Williams Garland H
Williams Jack
Williams John H
Williams W B
Willis H J Jack
Wiloughby Ben T
Wilson Lewis B
Witherington Dr J F Young W H Jr
Pirfcnain Eatonton
Washington Sandersville
Tnlrnprm Wrightsville
Dougherty Albany
Roberta
Madison Hull
Atkins1 Pearson
Millar Colquitt
Mo peogeo Columbus
Opndlar Metter
Tiherty Lambert
Rryan Pembroke
Rm antral Swainsboro
Oglethorpe Pt Peter
Towns Hiawassee
Pike Concord
TTpson Thomaston
Worth Sylvester
Spplding Orchard Hill
M ar i weth er Manchester
Flhert Elberton
Ooffee Douglas
Troop LaGrange
Mitchell Camilla
Taylor Reynolds
Long Ludowici
Pihh Macon
Ren Hill Fitzgerald
Tiincoltt JLincolnton
Talfair McRae
Gwinnett Lawrenceville
Appling Baxley
Tonmhs Lyons
Way cross
Coffee Douglas
Jonas Haddock
Trwin Ocilla
Clinalt Homer ville
Rihh Macon
Mnsaogaa Columbus
Wilcox Pineview
MEMBERS
OF THE
GEORGIA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
BY COUNTIES AND POSTOFFICES FOR THE TERM 19451946
County Representative Post Office
Arm Tin cr Claude O Williams Baxley
Atkinson T E Sears Pearson
PflPATl T M Medders Alma
Baker Benton Odom Newton
Baldwin Marion Ennis Milledgeville
RnlHwin J TT Ennis Milledgeville
Banka W N Barrett Lula
Barrow TT M Oakley Winder
Bartow S Luke Pettit Cartersville
Bartow Claude Pittman Cartersville
Ben Hill Virgil G Wells Fitzgerald
Bewn J TT Gaskins Nashville
Bibb A TT S Weaver Macon
Bibb Lewis B Wilson Macon
Bibb piii th er Blood worth Macon
Bleckley James Marion Dykes Cochran
J P Johns Winokur
Brooks Dr T R Moye Quitman
Bryan Dr W K Smith Pembroke
Rulleeh Hoke S Brunson Statesboro
Bulloch Zi M Mallard Statesboro
Burke Frank M Cates Waynesboro
Burke Tones J Bargeron Sardis
Butts R N Etheridge Jackson
Calhoun O T Giddens Leary
Cam dan Q h Claxton Kingsland
Candler F H Sills Metter
Carroll Dr L J Brock Carrollton
Carroll A W Alexander Carrollton
Catoosa Tames Evitt Jr Ringgold
Churl too Ralph Knabb Moniac
Chatham W Spencer Connerat Savannah
Chatham Frank A McNall Savannah
Chatham A Leopold Alexander Savannah
Chattahoochee M R Hollis Cusseta
ch attoopa TT Grady Ramey Summerville
Cherokee B A Manous Canton
99
County Representative Kent Hill Post Office Athens
Vjidl P Q tV p Ti Olin Price Jr 2 Athens
r r Chester Gavin Fort Gaines
jizxy n TTf ATI Lamar Adamson Jonesboro
victy tun PHnpl Ben T Willoughby Homerville
Vjlllltll John T Dorsey Marietta
VODD Otis A Brumby Marietta
IjOUU J M Thrash Douglas
jU11 CC PaAPod John H Williams Douglas
VjUli LC Robert E Cheshire Moultrie
VjOUUltl PaI Am William H Riddlespurger Moultrie
VjUUUl tl PAlnmln q Glenn S Phillips Harlem
KjKJL UlliUia PaaV J H Kennon Adel
VjUUtt PaWOiQ TT C Arnall Newnan
VU W c Let PATITDfil Eugene P Hurst Newnan
uUWC Let Pq Turfifv Wade H Seagler Roberta
Vjl et W1U1 tl Pricn Palmer H Greene Cordele
Vjl lop Dstd Rufus W Massey Wildwood
llQWC ATI Max R Looper Dawsonville
leWoUll TVaaq fill G F Battles Bainbridge
1cLet lui Dcfitnir C A Miller Jr Bainbridge
noTTolVi W L Broome Decatur
U C XV cllU TioTTnlh H 0 Hubert Jr Decatur
DpKnlh Julius A McCurdy 1 Decatur
XJ v xveu kj TIa1 oo Jack Burch Chester
iUUg C Pooly Leon F Beddingfield Vienna
Tiaii rrn rvrtr Adi N Durden Albany
JLOUgIlcl Ly Tiaii ryn ATTTT W TTprman Sapp Albany
jLougnex Ly DmnylflR Alpha A Fowler Douglasville
JL J Ug X W O Kfirly E Clark Mosley Jakin
Fplinls W H Herrin Jr Howell
RVPfinohnm X T Guyton Guyton
ljllllig IXMiiil THlViPTfi W H Thornton Elberton
JUiUJvl 11 TviormAi V H Hooks Swainsboro
xiixixcxxl lid Emanuel George L Smith II Swainsboro
Tuvans J B Glisson Claxton
u v eexio TTiinnin R T Hampton Mineral Bluff
i eeiiiiiii Pflvpftp J W Culpepper Fayetteville
jl c jr c u tc Floyd M G Hicks Rome
Floyd A D Littlejohn Rome
Floyd Frank L Baker Jr Rome
Pnrovtil Jay L Holbrook Cumming
JL wl Djr Ill Franklin Ban F Cheek Lavonia
Fulton W C Kendrick Atlanta
100
County
Fulton
Fulton
GilmerI
Glascock
Glynn
Glynn
Gordon
Grady
Greene
Gwinnett Gwinnett Habersham
Hall
Hall
Hancock
Haralson
Harris
Hart
Heard
Henry
Houston
Irwin
Jackson
Jasper
Jeff Davis Jefferson
J enkins
Johnson
Jones
Lamar
Lanier
Laurens
Laurens
Lee
Liberty
Lincoln
Long
Lowndes
Lowndes
Lumpkin
Macon
Madison
Marion
McDuffie
Representative Post Office
Paul S Etheridge JrAtlanta
Helen Douglas MankinAtlanta
Delmar MullinaxEllijay
Thos G Kent Gibson
Charles L Gowen Brunswick
John Jk GilbertBrunswick
Ford Porter Calhoun
J B Barwick Cairo
John S Callaway Greensboro
Charles F Griswell Lawrenceville
Dr A D Williams Lawrenceville
Frank D Garrison Cornelia
H A Lancaster Gainesville
Chas L Hardy Gainesville
John C Lewis Sparta
James R MurphyBremen
Zade KenimerWaverly Hall
T O Herndon Hartwell
J H Parham Franklin
Joseph MannStockbridge
J W BloodworthPerry
H J Jack Willis HOcilla
C E Hardy Jefferson
W H Key Monticello
W J Hinson Hazlehurst
J Roy McCracken 1Louisville
Walter Harrison Millen
J H Rowland Wrightsville
W B WilliamsHaddock
Louis Banks Barnesville
John Greer Lakeland
W Herschel Lovett rDublin
Xinton G MaloneDublin
C C Ansley Smithville
C J Smiley Lambert
J P Wells Lincolnton
R L Watford Ludowici
T Guy ConnellValdosta
J G CowartHahira
J O ParksDahlonega
Mrs John B GuerryMontezuma
A F SeagravesHull
J P HoggBuena Vista
John A CrowleyThomson
101
County Representative Post Office
McIntosh J M DeFoorTownsend
MeriwetherG C Thompson Manchester
Meriwether 1J Frank HatchettGreenville
Miller J Walter SheffieldColquitt
Mitchell Frank S TwittyCamilla
Mitchell Fred HandPelham
Monroe W Buford MitchellForsyth
Montgomery Walter B MorrisonMount Vernon
Morgan C R MasonMadison
Murray M SCharles A PannellChatsworth
Muscogee I L ShieldsColumbus
Muscogee R M HollemanColumbus
Muscogee W H Young JrCfolumbus
Newton A M CampbellMansfield
Oconee K R M NicholsonWatkinsville
Oglethorpe X C SmithPt Peter
Paulding Hr Joseph I MatthewsDallas
PeachSam MatthewsFort Valley
PickensJ I HefnerJasper
Pierce L H OdenBlackshear
PikeW A StricklandConcord
Polk Hr D M LivingstonCedartown
PolkJ O Lane
Pulaski J D DuPree
Rockmart Hawkinsville Eatonton
Putnam P C Rossee
OuitmanHr Loren GaryGeorgetown
Rabun 1A J RitchieClayton
RandolphA J MoyeCuthbert
RichmondA Pierce King
Augusta
Ti plimnnH W W Holley Augusta
James C Mann Conyers
fclilpy J J Holloway Ellaville
Screven Spininolo Philip W Harrison Halcyondale
Bartow Gibson Donalsonville
Rpnlrling David J Arnold Griffin
Rpnliiing A G Swint Orchard Hill
Rf pph pn s J J Powell Toccoa
Stewart Hugh 0 Overby Jr Richland
Snrnter T D Jennings Americus
RiTnThpr1 E L Gammage Americus
Tftbot J B Maund Junction City
Taliaferro Tatnall W R Moore A G Oliver Sharon Glennville
102
County Representative Post Office
Taylor U S Underwood RpvnnlHs
Telfair John K Whaley MpRiio
Terrell Henry S Jennings
Thomas A B Hart TliATOftsvillg
Thomas Robt E Chastain TlinmflQvillA
Tift Ross H Pittman Tiffon
Toombs Garland H Williams Tyons
Towns W O Sparks HlilWACCAA
Truetlen I H Hall PoprtoTi
Troup Render Dallis La Grange
Troup M M Trotter La Grange
Troup C 0 Lam Hogan sville
Turner C Z Harden A
Twiggs H L Chance Danville
Union Claud C Boynton Snehes
Upson Robert A Freeman Tli nm p erf nn
Upson George Strickland Th om s ton
Walker E h7 Kelley St Elmo Tenn
Walker Ray Crow Rncicsvillp
Walton E L Almand lVTonroo
Ware Wayne Hinson W 51VPTOQQ
Ware Jack Williams Waycross
Warren Jack Ray W arren ton
Washington W H Roughton Sandersville
Washington J B Jackson Harrison
Wayne Robert L Harrison JpQUTfc
Webster J L Black Riehland
Wheeler Wallace Adams f PTiwood
White Guy C Dorsey PlpvplfmH
Whitfield Stafford R Brooke Dalton
Whitfield W A Britton T5ilfnn
Wilcox Dr J P Witherington Tinoviow
Wilkes Ben W Fortson Jr Wii dViincrfnn
Wilkinson Lee W Pennington Gordon
Worth Dr Gordon S Sumner SvlvPQfpr
Worth Dr J S OSheal Sylvester
103
STANDING COMMITTEES
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
TERM 19451946
ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND
Wilson Chairman Herndon ViceChairman Weaver Secretary
Alexander of Carroll Battles
Bloodworth of Bibb
Bloodworth of Houston
Brunson
Cowart
Dallis
DuPree
Etheridge of Butts
Giddens
Herrin
Johns
AMENDMENTS TO THE
Pittman of Bartow Chairman Callaway ViceChairman Young Secretary Almand
Bloodworth of Houston
Brooke
Broome
Brumby
Campbell
Cheek
Dallis
DeFoor
Etheridge of Butts Fowler Gammage Gilbert
Harrison of Jenkins Harrison of Wayne Holbrook
Knabb Livingston Mankin
Matthews of Peach Medders Oden Parham Parks Seagler Seagraves Swint
Underwood Wells of Ben Hill Wells of Lincoln Williams of Jones Williams of Gwinnett
CONSTITUTION NO ONE
Kenimer
Kennon
King
Lancaster
Littlejohn
Livingston
Lovett
Mallard
Mankin
Mann of Henry
Matthews of Paulding
Matthews of Peach
McCurdy
Medders
Miller
Mitchell
Morrison
Moye of Randolph
106
Oliver
OSheal
Pittman of Tift
Riddlespurger
Sapp
Shields
Smith of Bryan
Strickland of Pike Swint Thompson Twitty
Williams of Ware Williams of Toombs Wilson
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION NO TWO
Culpepper Chairman Weaver ViceChairman Greer Secretary Adams
Alexander of Chatham
Arnall
Arnold
Baker
Banks
Bargeron
Bloodworth of Bibb
Brock
Brunson
Cates
Cheshire
Connell
CQnnerat
Crow
Dorsey of Cobb
Durden
Ennis Marion
Etheridge of Fulton
Evitt
Fortson
Gavin
Gibson
Gowen
Greene
Guyton
Hand
Harden Hardy of Hall Hart Hatchett Hicks
Hinson of Ware
Hogg
Holleman
Holley
Hooks
Hubert
Jennings of Terrell
Kelley
Kendrick
Kent
Key
Knabb
Lam
Lewis
Mason
Matthews of Paulding
McCracken
McCurdy
Moore
Murphy
Nicholson
Pannell
Phillips
Pittman of Bartow Ray
107
Rossee
Shields
Sills
Smiley
Smith of Bryan Smith of Emanuel Smith of Oglethorpe Thrash
Trotter
Watford
Wells of Ben Hill Whaley
Williams of Appling Williams of Jones Willis Willoughby
APPROPRIATIONS
Go wen Chairman Bargeron ViceChairman Connerat Secretary Ansley Arnall Arnold
Bloodworth of Bibb
Bloodworth of Houston
Boynton
Brock
Brooke
Brumby
Brunson
Campbell
Connell
Culpepper
DuPree
Durden
Ennis J H
Etheridge of Fulton
Evitt
Fortson
Freeman
Garrison
Gibson
Guyton
Hand
Harden
Hardy of Hall
Hardy of Jackson
Harrison of Wayne
Hefner
Herndon
Hicks
Hill
Holbrook
Holleman
Holley
Hubert
Hurst
Jennings of Sumter
Jennings of Terrell
Kelley
Kenimer
Kent
Key
Knabb
Lane
Livingston
McCracken
McNall
Mason
Mankin
Mitchell
Oden
Phillips
Pittman of Tift Powell
Price Thompson
Riddlespurger Thrash
Ritchie Trotter
Rossee Whaley
Sapp Williams of Appling
Sills Williams of Coffee
Smiley Williams of Jones
Smith of Bryan Williams of Ware
Sparks
AUDITING
Ansley Chairman Ritchie ViceChairman Maund Secretary Adamson Baker Bargeron Boynton Broome Brumby Callaway Campbell Claxton Dykes Durden Gavin Gowen Holley Hollis Kelley Kennon Knabb
McCracken
McNall
Miller
Moore
Moye of Brooks
Oakley
Odom
Oliver
OSheal
Phillips
Pittman
Powell
Price
Ray
Ramey
Rossee
Smith of Bryan Wells of Lincoln Williams of Appling Williams of Coffee
109
BANKS
Arnold Chairman Hall ViceChairman Ray Secretary
Alexander of Chatham
Almand
Arnall
Baker
Banks
Battles
Bloodworth of Bibb
Brock
Cates
Chastain
Hinson of Ware Holleman Holley Hubert
Jennings of Sumter Kendrick Key Lane Littlejohn Looper Lovett Malone Mullinax Pettit
Pittman of Tift Price Ray
Riddlespurger Roughton Sapp Shields Thrash
Williams of Coffee Young
BANKING
Crowley Culpepper Ennis Marion Fortson Gibson Gowen Greene Guyton Hand
Harrison of Jenkins
Hicks
Hill
Jennings of Terrell
AVIATION
Fowler Chairman Smith of Emanuel ViceChairman Etheridge of Fulton Secretary Alexander of Chatham Battles
Bloodworth of Bibb Brooke Broome Brumby Brunson Connell Connerat Cowart DeFoor
Dorsey of Cobb Durden Ennis J H
Gilbert Greer Hand
Harrison of Screven Harrison of Wayne Hicks
AND
110
Kenimer
Key
King
Littlejohn
Lovett
Mankin
Mason
Matthews of Peach McCurdy
Moye of Randolph
Nicholson
Odom
Oliver
Overby
Pittman of Tift
Rossee
Sapp
Smith of Emanuel Smith of Oglethorpe Sparks
Strickland of Pike Sumner Thompson Thrash
Wells of Ben Hill Whaley
Williams of Jones Williams of Ware Willoughby
COMMERCE
Hardt of Jackson Chairman DuPree
Williams of Ware ViceChairman Guyton
Herndon Secretary Hatchett
Alexander of Carroll Hollis
Baker King
Barwick Knabb
Battles Lane
Brunson Lovett
Brumby Murphy
Campbell Oakley
Cates Pannell
Chance Pennington
Dallis Thornton
Dykes Twitty
111
CONSERVATION
Harrison of Jenkins Chairman Hinson of Ware ViceChairman Boynton Secretary Adams
Alexander of Chatham Alexander of Carroll Barwick
Bloodworth of Bibb
Brumby
Brunson
Campbell
Chance
Claxton
Cowart
Dallis
DeFoor
Ennis J H
Gaskins
Giddens
Gowen
Greer
Guerry
Hall
Harrison of Screven Harrison of Wayne Jackson
Jennings of Terrell
Key
King
CORPORATIONS Jennings of Sumter Chairman Crow ViceChairman Shields Secretary
Alexander of Chatham
Arnold
Barrett
Battles
Bloodworth of Houston
Lewis
Malone
Mann of Rockdale
Massey
Mason
McCurdy
McNall
Medders
Moore
Moye of Brooks
Odom
Oliver
Parks
Pettit
Porter
Riddlespurger
Sapp
Sears
Seagler
Smiley
Smith of Bryan
Sparks
Thrash
Watford
Whaley
Williams of Ware Williams of Appling Willoughby Witherington
Brunson Chastain Culpepper Dorsey of Cobb Ennis J H
Ennis Marion Etheridge of Butts Fowler
112
Guerry
Hampton
Hardy of Jackson
Hill
Hogg
Holley
Hurst
Jennings of Terrell
Kenimer
Key
Lane
Mallard
Mankin
Matthews of Peach
Mitchell
Mosley
Oden
Odom
Pannell
Ramey
Smith of Oglethorpe
Strickland of Upson
Swint
Trotter
Weaver
Williams of Toombs
COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS
Sills Chairman Hogg ViceChairman Freeman Secretary Adams
Alexander of Carroll
Alexander of Chatham
Almand
Baker
Barwick
Beddingfield
Black
Bloodworth of Bibb Bloodworth of Houston Brooks Broome
Burch i
Campbell
Chance
Cowart
Crow
Culpepper
DeFoor
Dorsey of Cobb
Dorsey of White Dykes
Etheridge of Fulton
Gammage
Greene
Hall
Harden
Hardy of Jackson Hampton
Harrison of Screven
Hart
Hefner
Herrin
Hogg
Holbrook
Holleman
Holley
Hooks
Hubert
Jennings of Sumter Jennings of Terrell Johns
113
Knabb Lam Looper Ramey Seagler Seagraves if
Mallard Smiley Sparks
Mankin Ughb
Mann of Henry Thornton HdanB
Mason Thompson Almand
Maund Watford Ansley
McCurdy Weaver I Amali
Medders Williams of Appling ilBanls
Morrison Williams of Gwinnett Baigern
Moye of Brooks Williams of Jones I Bloodwort
Moye of Randolph Williams of Toombs 11 fot
Mullinax Williams of Ware I Broome
Overby Willis Broniy
Pannell Willoughby Bnmson
Pettit Wilson Chance
Price Smiley Chairman DRAINAGE Greer Cheshire ConneD Connerat DeFoor Durden i I Eanis M Gamma
Hand ViceChairman Holley Gavin
Gowen Secretary Kelley Gowen
Adams Knabb Gnerry
Ansley Mason Guyton
Baker McCracken i Band
Bargeron McNall j lardai
Boynton Phillips lardyo
Cates Rossee Hardy o
Connell Swint iJJarrisra
Crow Thrash
Durden Wells of Ben Hill M Bandoli
Fortson Whaley
Freeman Williams of Appling
li yV V 114
Ili


EDUCATION NO 1
Young Chairman Kenimer ViceChairman Willoughby Secretary Adams Almand Ansley Arnall Banks Bargeron
Bloodworth of Bibb
Boynton
Broome
Brumby
Brunson
Chance
Cheshire
Connell
Connerat
DeFoor
Durden
Ennis Marion
Gammage
Gavin
Gowen
Guerry
Guyton
Hand
Harden
Hardy of Hall
Hardy of Jackson
Harrison of Wayne
Hart
Herndon
Herrin
Hinson of Ware Holleman Holley Hurst
Jennings of Sumter
Kelley
Kendrick
Kent
Key
Mason
Massey
Matthews of Paulding
McCracken
Moore
Moye of Randolph
Nicholson
Pennington
Pittman of Tift
Powell
Price
Rossee
Sparks
Sumner
Swint
Trotter
Thompson
Watford
Weaver
Wells of Ben Hill Williams of Appling Williams of Coffee Williams of Jones Williams of Gwinnett Witherington
116
EDUCATION NO
Hatchett Chairman Lam ViceChairman Cowart Secretary Adamson
Alexander of Carroll
Arnold
Barwick
Battles
Britton
Callaway
Cheek
Culpepper
Crowley
Dallis
Dorsey of Cobb
DuPree
Dykes
Ennis J H
Etheridge of Butts
Fortson
Gaskins
Gilbert
Glisson
Hall
Hampton
Harrison of Jenkins Harrison of Screven Hinson of Jeff Davis Hogg
Holbrook
Holleman
Holley
Hooks
Hubert
116
Jackson
Jennings of Terrell
King
Knabb
Lancaster
Lane
Looper
Lovett
Mallard
Malone
Matthews of Peach
Maund
McCurdy
Medders
Morrison
Mosley
Moye of Brooks
Mullinax
Murphy
Odom
Overby
Pittman of Bartow
Porter
Ritchie
Sapp
Smiley
Smith of Oglethorpe Smith of Bryan Strickland of Pike Wells of Lincoln Williams of Ware Williams of Toombs Willis
ENGROSSING
Wells of Ben Hill Chairman Willoughby ViceChairman Etheridge of Fulton Secretary Almand Black Broome Chastain Dallis
Dorsey of White Etheridge of Butts Fortson Gammage Griswell
Hinson
Holbrook
Holloway
Malone
Nicholson
Parham
Porter
OSheal
Roughton
Rowland
Strickland of Pike Underwood
ENROLLMENT
Kent Chairman Hooks ViceChairman Ray Secretary Chance
Cheek
Evitt
Fowler
Gaskins
Giddens
Glisson
Herndon
Hicks
Hill
Littlejohn
Mann of Rockdale
Morrison
Odom
Sears
Smiley
Williams of Ware Willoughby
EXCUSE OF MEMBERS ABSENT WITHOUT LEAVE
Hooks Chairman Black
Strickland of Pike ViceChairman Burch
Giddens Secretary Chance
Adamson Dorsey of Cohb
Barrett DuPree
Battles Garrison
117
Gaskins Parks
Glisson 01iver
Harrison of Wayne Panne11
Herndon Seagler
Holbrook Seagraves
Manous SParks
Mosley Thornton
MxM Underwood
GAME AND FISH
McNall Chairman Riddlespurger ViceChairman Knabb Secretary Adams
Alexander of Carroll
Almand
Ansley
Banks
Bargeron
Barwick
Beddingfield
Black
Bloodworth of Bibb
Boynton
Brook
Broome
Brumby
Burch
Campbell
Cheek
Cheshire
Claxton
Cowart
DeFoor
Dorsey of White DuPree Durden Ennis Marion
Etheridge of Fulton
Evitt
Fortson
Fowler
Gammage
Gary
Gibson
Gilbert
Glisson
Gowen
Greene
Griswell
Guyton
Hampton
Harden
Hardy of Hall
Hardy of Jackson
Harrison of Wayne
Hart
Herrin
Hinson of Jeff Davis
Holbrook
Hubert
Jennings of Terrell Jennings of Sumter Johns Kelley
Iso
King
Lam
Lane
Littlejohn
Looper
Mallard
Massey
Mason
Maund
Medders
Morrison
Mosley
Moye of Randolph
Mullinax Oliver Overby Parham Pettit Ray Sills Sparks
Williams of Appling Williams of Toombs Williams of Ware Whaley
GENERAL AGRICULTURE NO 1
Mason Chairman Bargeron ViceChairman Malone Secretary Adams Almand Ansley Arnall Baker Barwick Boynton Broome Brunson Burch Callaway Cates Chance Cheshire Cowart Crowley DuPree Durden
Etheridge of Butts Fortson
Gavin
Gibson
Glisson
Greene
Guerry
Guyton
Hampton
Hand
Harden
Harrison of Wayne
Hefner
Herndon
Hinson of Jeff Davis
Hinson of Ware
Hogg
Hubert
Hurst
Jennings of Sumter
Kenimer
Kelly
Key
Knabb
Lovett
119
Mallard Thornton
Mann of Henry Thrash
Matthews of Paulding Underwood
Medders Watford
McCracken Williams of Appling
Nicholson Williams of Coffee
Pennington Williams of Gwinnett
Porter Williams of Jones
Rossee Williams of Toombs
Rowland Willis
Smith of Bryan Wilson
Sumner
GENERAL AGRICULTURE NO 2
SwiNT Chairman Herrin
Brock ViceChairman Hill
Lam Secretary Holbrook
Adamson Holley
Alexander of Carroll Hollis
Arnold Hooks
Barrett Jackson
Battles Johns
Beddingfield Kenimer
Black King
Bloodworth of Bibb Lancaster
Bloodworth of Houston Livingston
Campbell Looper
Chastain Manous
Claxton McCurdy
Dorsey of White Moore
Dykes Morrison
Garrison Moye of Randolph
Gary Moye of Brooks
Gaskins Mullinax
Giddens Oden
Griswell Odom
Hall Oliver
Hardy of Jackson Overby
Harrison of Screven Pannell
120
Parham Smiley
Pittman of Tift Smith of Emanuel
Ramey Sparks
Riddlespurger Strickland of Pike
Roughton Trotter
Sears Twitty
Seagler Wells of Ben Hill
Seagraves Wells of Lincoln
Sheffield
GENERAL JUDICIARY NO 1
Lewis Chairman Hardy of Jackson
Hubert ViceChairman Hogg
DeFoor Secretary Key
Bargeron McCracken
Battles Mankin
Beddingfield Mason
Bloodworth of Bibb Pannell
Bloodworth of Houston Powell
Chastain Roughton
Connell Smith of Bryan
Culpepper Strickland of Pike
Durden Sumner
Etheridge of Fulton Thompson
Gilbert Weaver
Guyton Whaley
Hand Williams of Coffee
Harden Willoughby
GENERAL JUDICIARY NO 2
Hicks Chairman Black
Guyton ViceChairman Bloodworth of Bibb
Callaway Secretary Britton
Alexander of Chatham Brooke
Arnold Cates
Banks Cheshire
121
Connerat McCurdy
Crow Matthews of Peach
Dallis Miller
Dorsey of Cobb Mitchell
DuPree Murphy
Ennis Marion Nicholson
Evitt Odom
Freeman Pannell
Giddens Pittman of Bartow
Gowen Pittman of Tift
Greer Price
Griswell Ray
Harrison of Wayne Riddlespurger
Hatchett Sapp
Hefner Smith of Emanuel
Holleman Swint
Holley Twitty
Kenimer Young
Littlejohn
GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Littlejohn Chairman Maund
Livingston ViceChairman Parham
Brumby Secretary Pettit
Bloodworth of Houston Ramey
Chance Roughton
Dallis Rowland
Dykes Sears
Giddens Sheffield
Glisson Smith of Oglethorpe
Hicks Thrash
Hill Wells of Ben Hill
Holley Wells of Lincoln
Hooks Willis
Johns Wilson
Knabb Witherington
3
122
GEORGIA STATE SANITARIUM
is Marion Chairman Holley
M ViceChairman Hurst
per Secretary Jackson
Bargeron Johns
Brock Kenimer
Boynton Kent
Broome Key
Brunson Lancaster
Claxton Littlejohn
Cowart Mallard
Crowley Malone
Dorsey of White Maund
Durden Mullinax
Ennis J H Murphy
Etheridge of Butts Overby
Evitt Pettit
Fortson Price
Gavin Rossee
Gibson Sapp
Giddens Sears
Guerry Smith of Oglethorpe
Hampton Sumner
Harden Thompson
Hardy of Hall Thornton
Hart Wells of Ben Hill
Hatchett Williams of Appling
Hefner Williams of Jones
Herndon Willis
Hicks Willoughby
Hinson of Ware Witherington
HALLS AND ROOMS
Matthews of Peach Chairman Herndon ViceChairman Sears Secretary Battles Gaskins
Giddens
Harrison of Jenkins
Hatchett
Hicks
Kendrick
123
Key Parks
Livingston Pennington
Mann of Rockdale Ramey
McCracken Ray
McNall Seagraves
Mitchell Smiley
Mullinax
HISTORICAL RESEARCH
Guerry Chairman Lam
Herndon ViceChairman Lancaster
Williams of Ware Secretary Price
Barwick Roughton
Boynton Thrash
Brumby Weaver
Callaway Wilson
Guyton Young
Hatchett
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Fortson Chairman Freeman
Moye of Brooks ViceChairman Gary
Brock Secretary Gowen
Boynton Greene
Campbell Guerry
Cates Greer
Cheek Guyton
Claxton Hand
Connell Hampton
Crow Harrison of Jenkins
Crowley Harrison of Screven
DeFoor Harrison of Wayne
DuPree Hefner
Durden Herndon
Ennis Marion Hinson of Ware
Etheridge of Butts Hooks
Evitt Hubert
Fowler
124
Jennings of Terrell
Johns
Kenn oil
Kent
King
Lancaster
Lewis
Livingston
Looper
Lovett
McCurdy
McNall
Mankin
Massey
Matthews of Paulding Miller
Moye of Randolph
Murphy
Nicholson
Oden
OSheal
Pannell
Porter
Ray
Riddlespurger
Rossee
Sapp
Shields
Smith of Bryan
Sumner
Thornton
Thrash
Weaver
Wells of Lincoln Williams of Appling Williams of Gwinnett Williams of Jones Willoughby Willis
Witherington
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
fait
Kendrick Chairman Holley ViceChairman Trotter Secretary Arnall Arnold Bargeron Brock Brooke Broome Brumby Callaway Connell Crow Dallis
Dorsey of Cobb
DuPree
Durden
Etheridge of Fulton
Evitt
Freeman
Gavin
Gowen
Greer
Guyton
Hand
Hardy of Jackson
Hatchett
Hicks
Hubert
Jennings of Sumter
125
Kelley Pettit
Key Phillips
Lane Pittman of Tift
Littlejohn Ray
Lovett Shields
Mankin Strickland of Upson
Maund Swint
McCracken Weaver
McCurdy Wells of Ben Hill
McNall Williams of Toombs
Moore Young
INSURANCE
Phillips Chairman Herndon
Ansley ViceChairman Hinson of Jeff Davis
Sapp Secretary Hinson of Ware
Alexander of Chatham Jennings of Sumter
Almand Kelley
Baker Kendrick
Bargeron Kent
Brooke Lam
Cheshire Mason
Connell Maund
Crowley McCracken
DuPree Moore
Durden Murphy
Etheridge of Butts Pittman of Tift
Gowen Rossee
Greene Shields
Greer Smith of Emanuel
Griswell Smith of Oglethorpe
Hall Thrash
Hand Weaver
Harden Harrison of Wayne Wells of Ben Hill
126
INTERSTATE CO OPERATION
Durden Chairman Hand ViceChairman Phillips Secretary
Arnall
Gowen
McCracken
INVALID PENSIONS AND SOLDIERS HOME
Etheridge of Fulton Chairman Etheridge of Butts ViceChairman Ennis Marion Secretary Alexander of Carroll Battles
Dorsey of White
Gammage
Gaskins
Harrison of Jenkins
Hart
Herndon
Hooks
Johns
Livingston
Lovett
Oakley
Parham
Pittman of Bartow
Roughton
Rowland
Sheffield
Smiley
Sumner
Swint
Williams of Coffee
JOURNALS
Evitt Chairman Miller ViceChairman Willis Secretary Gammage Garrison Gary Glisson
Griswell
Kelley
Looper
Mullinax
Pannell
Riddlespurger
Williams of Ware
127
LEGISLATIVE AND CONGRESSIONAL REAPPORTIONMENT
Mitchell Chairman Kennon ViceChairman King Secretary
Bloodworth of Bibb
Bloodworth of Houston
Connell i
Gaskins
Gibson
Greene
Giddens
Guyton
Hand
Harrison of Wayne
Hart
Hatchett
Hinson of Jeff Davis
Hooks
Hurst
Lovett
Medders
Miller
Roughton
MANUFACTURERS
Hogg Chairman Pittman of Tift ViceChairman Kenimer Secretary Arnold Chastain Crowley Greene Hefner Holleman
Jennings of Sumter Livingston
Looper
Mason
Oakley
Parham
Powell
Ramey
Smith of Oglethorpe Strickland of Upson Trotter Weaver
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Broome Chairman Brumby
Overby ViceChairman Cates
Bloodworth of Houston Secretary Chastain
Almand Cheshire
Bargeron Claxton
Black Connell
Britton Connerat
128
Durden
Ennis J H
Etheridge of Butts
Etheridge of Fulton
Gilbert
Guyton
Hardy of Hall Hardy of Jackson Hicks Hogg
Holleman
Hurst
Jennings of Sumter
Jennings of Terrell
Kelley
Key
King
Knabb
Lam
Lovett
Mallard
Matthews of Peach
Miller
Mosley
Moye of Randolph
McCracken
McNall
OSheal
Pettit
Phillips
Pittman of Tift
Price
Rossee
Roughton
Sapp
Smiley
Swint
Smith of Emanuel Thrash T witty
Wells of Ben Hill Wilson
MINES AND MINING
Pettit Chairman Lane ViceChairman Hefner Secretary
Bloodworth of Houston
Boynton
Britton
Brumby
Crow
Dorsey of White Hampton Hatchett Key
Livingston
Manous
Massey
Matthews of Paulding
Medders
Mullinax
Pannell
Parks
Pennington
Porter
Roughton
Sparks
129
MOTOR VEHICLES
Adams Chairman Harden ViceChairman Dorsey of White Secretary Ansley Baker Banks Bargeron Brock Broome Chastain Crow Durden Dykes
Etheridge of Fulton
Evitt
Fortson
Greer
Hall
Hand
Hinson of Ware
Jennings of Sumter
Kelley
Littlejohn
McCracken
Mallard
Mann of Rockdale
Mason
Miller
Moye of Brooks
Oden
Pettit
Phillips
Ray
Rossee
Sapp
Sills
Smith of Oglethorpe Smith of Emanuel Sparks Whaley
Williams of Gwinnett
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
Blood worth of Bibb Chairman King ViceChairman Connell Secretary
Alexander of Chatham
Baker
Brooke
Broome
Callaway
Cowart
Crow
Culpepper
Durden
Dorsey of Cobb Ennis J H
Etheridge of Fulton
Gavin
Gibson
Gilbert
Gowen
Greer
Guyton
Hand
Harden
Hardy of Hall
Hefner
Hill
Hogg
Hubert
Kendrick
Kent
130
Key
Lam
Lancaster
Littlejohn
Mason
Miller
Moye of Randolph Oakley
PENITENTIARY
Baker Chairman Harden ViceChairman Almand Secretary Arnall Barwick Black
Bloodworth of Houston
Boynton
Broome
Burch
Campbell
Chastain
Cowart
Dykes
Etheridge of Butts
Gammage
Gary
Guerry
Hampton
Hefner
Hicks
Hinson of Ware Hinson of Jeff Davis Herrin Holbrook Holleman Holley Holloway Johns

Phillips
Price
Rossee
Shields
Sills
Smith of Emanuel Swint
Kelley
Knabb
Littlejohn
Looper
Lovett
McCurdy
Mallard
Mann of Rockdale Mann of Henry Manous Mason
Matthews of Peach
Medders
Mosley
Mullinax
Oakley
Odom
OSheal
Parham
Parks
Pennington
Pettit
Phillips
Pittman of Tift Pittman of Bartow Price Ray
Riddlespurger
Roughton
Rowland
Seagler
Seagraves
Sears
Sheffield
Sills
Thompson
T witty
Watford
Wells of Lincoln
Williams of Toombs
Witherington
Underwood
PENSIONS
Oden Chairman Thornton ViceChairman Strickland of Upson Secretary Adamson Barrett Beddingfield Black Britton Burch Cheek Crowley Dykes
Etheridge of Butts Garrison
Glisson
Greene
Griswell
Hall
Harrison of Wayne Hart
Hinson of Jeff Davis
Hollis
Holloway
Jackson
Kent
Lewis
Mann of Henry Massey
PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS
Knabb Chairman Ritchie
Mosely ViceChairman Rowland
Morrison Secretary Seagraves
Mullinax Sheffield
Oakley Trotter
OSheal Underwood
Parks Willis
Pennington Withering
Powell Young
Ramey
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR
Maund Chairman Adamson ViceChairman Alexander of Carroll Secretary Arnall Barrett Beddingfield Callaway Chance Claxton
Connerat
DeFoor
Dorsey of White
Gary
Gibson
Griswell
Hall
Harrison of Screven Hart
Holleman
PUBLIC HIGHWAY NO 1
Rossee Chairman Gavin ViceChairman Williams of Jones Secretary Adamson Almand Britton Callaway Campbell Cowart Crowley
Dorsey of White
Dykes
Ennis J H
Fowler
Gammage
Gary
Garrison
Gaskins
Giddens
Gilbert
Glisson
Greene
Griswell
Guerry
Hall
Hampton
Harden
Hardy of Jackson
Harrison of Screven
Harrison of Wayne
Hart
Hefner
Herrin
Hill
Hinson of Jeff Davi Hollis
Holleman
Holbrook
Holloway
Hooks
Hubert
Hurst
Jackson
Johns
Kennon
King
Lancaster
Littlejohn
Livingston
Looper
133
Lovett Pennington
Malone Pittman of Bartow
Mankin Pittman of Tift
Mann of Henry Porter
Manous Powell
Matthews of Peach Price
McCurdy Rowland
Mitchell Saegler
Morrison Seagraves
Mosley Smith of Bryan
Moye of Randolph Strickland of Upson
Moye of Brooks Thompson
Mullinax Underwood
Oakley Williams of Appling
Odom Williams of Toombs
Oliver Williams of Ware
OSheal Wilson
Parham Witherington
Parks
PUBLIC HIGHWAY NO 2
Cates Chairman Claxton
Gibson ViceChairman Connell
Banks Secretary Connerat
Adams Dorsey of Cobb
Ansley Durden
Amali Ennis Marion
Arnold Etheridge of Butts
Baker Evitt
Black Fortson
Bloodworth of Bibb Freeman
Bloodworth of Houston Gowen
Boynton Greer
Brock Hand
Broome Hardy of Hall
Brunson Harrison of Jenkins
Chance Hatchett
Cheshire Hinson of Ware
134
Hogg
Holley
Jennings of Sumter
Jennings of Terrell
Kelley
Kendricks
Kent
Kenimer
Key
Knabb
Lam
Lane
Lewis
McCracken
Mason
Massey
Matthews of Peach
Maund
Medders
Miller
Moore
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Smith of Oglethorpe Chairman Adamson ViceChairman Barrett Secretary Barwick Beddingfield Black Britton Burch Chastain Crowley Dallis Dykes Garrison Gary
Murphy
Oden
Panhell
Pettit
Phillips
Ray
Ritchie
Sears
Shields
Smith of Emanuel
Sparks
Sumner
Swint
Thrash
Trotter
Watford
Weaver
Whaley
Willis
Willoughby
Young
Glisson
Griswell
Hall
Hampton
Hinson of Jeff Davis
Hollis
Holloway
Jackson
Parham
Ramey
Rowland
Seagler
Seagraves
Sheffield
135
PUBLIC PRINTING
Hardy of Hall Chairman Gammage ViceChairman Williams of Ware Secretary Brumby Callaway Hart
Etheridge of Butts Greer
Herrin
Livingston
Lovett
Mankin
Manous
Mullinax
Ramey
Roughton
Strickland of Upson Thompson Williams of Coffee Wilson
PUBLIC PROPERTY
Key Chairman Hinson of Ware
Strickland of Pike ViceChairman Kendrick
Dallis Secretary McCurdy
Alexander of Chatham Moore
Bargeron Pannell
Bloodworth of Bihb Powell
Connell Roughton
Cowart Shields
Dorsey of Cobb Sumner
DeFoor Underwood
Fowler Whaley
Gary Willoughby
Gavin
PUBLIC UTILITIES
Connell Chairman Culpepper
Alexander of Chatham ViceChairman Dallis
Pannell Secretary DeFoor
Baker Dorsey of Cobb
Bargeron Durden
Bloodworth of Bibb Dykes
Brooke Ennis J H
Cowart Fowler
Gary
Gavin
Gowen
Hand
Hinson of Ware
Hogg
Johns
Kendrick
Key
King
Lewis
McCracken
McCurdy
Moore
Phillips
Powell
Rossee
Roughton
Shields
Strickland of Pike Sumner
Wells of Ben Hill
Whaley
Willoughby
PUBLIC WELFARE
Cheshire Chairman Watford ViceChairman Jennings of Terrell Secretary Adams Ansley Banks Bargeron Black
Bloodworth of Bibb
Boynton
Brock
Brunson
Connell
Connerat
Cowart
Crow
Dorsey of White
DuPree
Ennis Marion
Etheridge of Butts
Gammage
Gilbert
Gowen
Greer
Guerry
Harrison of Screven
Harrison of Wayne
Herrin
Hicks
Hill
Hinson of Ware
Holley
Holloway
Hooks
Hurst
Jackson
Kendrick
Kenimer
Knabb
Lam
Livingston
Looper
Mann of Henry
McNall
Murphy
Oliver
Overby
Pittman of Tift Ritchie
137
Rossee
Sears
Sheffield
Shields
Smith of Oglethorpe Strickland of Upson Sumner Swint
RAILROADS
Almand Chairman Whaley ViceChairman Porter Secretary Adamson
Alexander of Chatham
Alexander of Carroll
Barrett
Beddingfield
Black
Britton
Burch
Cheek
Cowart
Crowley
Dykes
RULES
The Speaker Chairman Durden ViceChairman Hand Secretary Adams
Alexander of Chatham
Ansley
Arnall
Arnold
Boynton
Brock v
138
Thrash
Weaver
Wells of Lincoln Williams of Ware Williams of Appling Willoughby Witherington
Etheridge of Butts
Fowler
Garrison
Gary
Gaskins
Glisson
Greene
Griswell
Herndon
Kennon
Mann of Henry Smith of Oglethorpe Swint
Underwood Wells of Lincoln
Cates
Cheshire
Connell
Culpepper
Dallis
Dorsey of Cobb Ennis Marion Evitt Fortson Gavin
Gibson Mason
Gowen Pettit
Hardy of Hall Phillips
Harrison of Jenkins Rossee
Hogg Smiley
Hill Sills
Hubert Thrash
Jennings of Sumter Weaver
Jennings of Terrell Wells of Ben Hill
Kendrick Whaley
Key r Williams of Ware
Lewis Williams of Jones
Littlejohn Young
McCracken
SANITARIUM AT ALTO
Sumner Chairman Gaskins
Gary ViceChairman Glisson
Matthews of Paulding Secretary Greene
Adamson Greer
Ansley Griswell
Banks Guerry
Barrett Hall
Beddingfield Hampton
Black Harrison of Wayne
Britton Hart
Brock Hinson of Jeff Davis
Brooke Hollis
Burch Holloway
Chance Lewis
Chastain Livingston
Cheek Malone
Crow Mankin
Crowley Mann of Henry
Dorsey of White Mann of Rockdale
Dykes Manous
Etheridge of Butts Matthews of Peach
Garrison Mosley
139
Moye of Brooks Roughton Smiley Smith of Bryan Strickland of Upson Watford Williams of Gwinnett Wither ington Young
SPECIAL APPROPRIATIONS Ennis J H Chairman Greene
Dallis ViceChairman Twitty Secretary Adamson Alexander of Carroll Banks Barrett Battles Beddingfield Black Britton Burch Callaway Chance Chastain Cheek Crowley Dykes Etheridge of Butts Fowler Freeman Garrison Gaskins Glisson Hall Harrison of Screven Harrison of Wayne Hart Hefner Herrin Hinson of Jeff Davis Hollis Holloway Morrison Mullinax Oakley OSheal Overby Parks Pennington Pittman of Bartow Rowland Seagler Sheffield Strickland of Upson Strickland of Pike
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Pannell Chairman Kennon
Williams of Toombs ViceChairman Young Secretary Gary Johns Kent Lancaster Lewis Looper
140

Lovett Parham
Mankin Pennington
Mann of Henry Porter
Mann of Rockdale Powell
Manous Ramey
Massey Riddlespurger
Matthews of Peach Ritchie
McNall Rowland
Mitchell Seagler
Morrison Seagraves
Mosley Sears
Mullinax Sheffield
Nicholson Smith of Bryan
Oakley Strickland of Upson
Oliver Strickland of Pike
Overby Thornton
OSheal Wilson
Park
STATE PRISON FARM
Oliver Chairman Glisson
Williams of Appling ViceChairman Greene
Watford Secretary Hall
Adamson Harrison of Wayne
Alexander of Carroll Hollis
Ansley Holloway
Arnold Kennon
Banks Lewis
Barrett Malone
Beddingfield Massey
Britton Morrison
Brock Mullinax
Brooke Overby
Cheek Smiley
Crowley Smith of Bryan
Dorsey of White Strickland of Upson
Evitt Strickland of Pike
Fowler Thornton
Freeman Trotter
Garrison Underwood
141
STATE OF REPUBLIC
Iracken Chairman Hogg
nell ViceChairman Holleman
T Secretary Holley
Adams Hollis
Alexander of Chatham Hubert
Ansley Jennings of Terrell
Arnall Johns
Arnold Kelley
Baker Kendrick
Barrett Kenimer
Beddingfield Kennon
Brock Kent
Brunson Knabb
Burch Lam
Cates Lane
Cheek Lewis
Cheshire Mallard
Claxton Mann of Henry
Connerat Massey
Crowley Matthews of Paulding
Culpepper Maund
DeFoor Medders
Durden Miller
Ennis Marion Moore
Etheridge of Butts Morrison
Fortson Mosley
Fowler Murphy
Freeman Nicholson
Garrison Oden
Gavin Overby
Gibson Phillips
Glisson Ritchie
Gowen Sears
Greer Sills
Guyton Smiley
Hall Smith of Emanuel
Hand Smith of Oglethorpe
Hardy of Hall Thrash
Harrison of Jenkins Trotter
Hefner Watford
Hinson of Jeff Davis Willis
Hinson of Ware 142
TEMPERANCE
Kelley Chairman Hinson of Ware
Harrison of Jenkins ViceChairman Holley
Alexander of Chatham Secretary Kendrick
Ansley Key
Baker Knabb
Bargeron Littlejohn
Claxton McNall
Connell Miller
Connerat Phillips
Dorsey of Cobb Sapp
Durden Smith of Emanuel
Ennis J H Smith of Oglethorpe
Etheridge of Fulton Thrash
Gibson Weaver
Gowen Whaley
Greer Williams of Coffee
Hand Young
Hatchett
TRAINING SCHOOLS
Jennings of Terrell Chairman Kenimer
DuPree ViceChairman Lam
Chance Secretary Lane
Connell Massey
Cowart Matthews of Pauldinj
Crowley Mitchell
Ennis J H Pettit
Gaskins Ritchie
Glisson Rossee
Greene Sears
Gowen Sparks
Guerry Sumner
Hardy of Jackson Thrash
Hinson of Ware Weaver
Holley Wells of Lincoln
Hollis Wells of Ben Hill
143
UNIFORM STATE LAWS
Boynton Chairman Greene
Sparks ViceChairman Hart
Hampton Secretary Herrin
Adamson Holloway
Alexander of Carroll Malone
Barrett Massey
Battles Mosley
Beddingfield Mullinax
Black Oakley
Crowley Parham
DeFoor Parks
Dykes
UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA
Thrash Chairman Ennis Marion
Brumby ViceChairman Etheridge of Butts
Pittman of Tift Secretary Fowler
Adamson Freeman
Alexander of Carroll Gammage
Almand Garrison
Barrett Giddens
Beddingfield Glisson
Black Greene
Bloodworth of Houston Griswell
Britton Guerry
Brock Hall
Burch Hardy of Hall
Callaway Harrison of Screven
Chance Harrison of Wayne
Chastain Hart
Cheek Herrin
Claxton Hill
Connerat Hinson of Jeff Davis
Crowley Hollis
Dorsey of White Holloway
Dykes Hooks
Ennis J H Jackson
144
Kendrick
Jennon
Lara
Lancaster
Lane
Mallard
Malone
Mann of Henry Manous
Matthews of Peach Matthews of Paulding Morrison Mosley
Moye of Brooks Moye of Randolph Nicholson Oakley rii I olid
OSheal
Overby
Parks
Pennington
Pittman of Bartow
Porter
Price
Ramey
Ritchie
Rowland
Seagraves
Smith of Bryan
Smith of Oglethorpe
Smith of Emanuel
Thornton
Trotter
VETERANS AFFAIRS
Price Chairman Shields ViceChairman Crow Secretary Arnold Bargeron
Bloodworth of Bibb
Britton
Callaway
Chastain
Connell
Dallis
Durden
Hall
Herndon
Hicks
Hinson of Ware Jennings of Terrell
Kennon
Lovett
McCurdy
Matthews of Peach Massey Medders Moye of Brooks Nicholson Pittman of Tift Roughton Sills
Smith of Emanuel Sumner Thrash Weaver
Williams of Toombs
145
WAYS AND MEANS
ViceChairman Hinson of Ware
rH of Emanuel Secretary I Hogg
Adams Hooks
Adamson Jackson
Alexander of Carroll Kendrick
Alexander of Chatham King
Almand Lancaster
Baker Littlejohn
Bargeron Looper
Barrett Lovett
Beddingfield McCurdy
Boynton Mallard
Broome Mann of Rockdale
Burch Manous
Cates Massey
Cheek Matthews of Paulding
Cheshire Maund
Cowart Medders
Culpepper Morrison
Dallis Murphy
Dorsey of Cobb Oliver
Dorsey of White Pannell
Durden Pettit
Ennis Marion Pittman of Bartow
Fowler Powell
Gammage Shields
Gary Strickland of Upson
Gavin Sumner
Gilbert Swint
Gowen Twitty
Greene Wells of Ben Hill
Hall Williams of Gwinnett
Hampton Williams of Jones
Hatchett Wilson
Herndon Young
Herrin
146
WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILROAD
Gilbert Chairman Evitt ViceChairman Crow Secretary Adamson Arnall Banks
Beddingfield
Black
Britton
Brooke
Burch
Chance
Cheek
Claxton
Connerat
Crowley
Etheridge of Fulton
Garrison
Gaskins
Giddens
Glisson
Greene
Griswell
Hall
Hardy of Jackson Harrison of Wayne Harrison of Screven Harrison of Jenkins Hart Hicks
Hinson of Jeff Davis
Holbrook
Hollis
Holleman
Holley
Holloway
Hooks
Hurst
Kent
King
Lewis
Malone
Mann of Henry Mann of Rockdale Massey
Matthews of Peach
Maund
Mitchell
Morrison
Mosley
Nicholson
Oakley
Oliver
OShea
Overby
Parks
Pettit
Price
Ray
Sears
Shields
Sheffield
Smiley
Smith of Oglethorpe Strickland of Upson Underwood Watford
Williams of Coffee Williams of Appling Willis Willoughby Witherington
147
RULES OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
149
THE SPEAKER
Rule 1 The Speaker shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the House the Speaker shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the House be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall he lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the Speaker shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any other member
Rule 3 When two or more members shall rise at the same time the Speaker shall name the person entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall he appointed by the Speaker unless otherwise ordered by the House
Rule 5 The method of stating a question or any motion by the Speaker after the same has been read to the House by the Clerk shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the Speaker or a division of the House is called for by any one member of the House the Speaker shall call upon the members in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the clerk he shall call upon the members to reverse their positions and the Speaker shall announce the result
Discretion of Speaker
When Speaker shall vote
Bight of member to the floor to be decided by the Speaker
Appointment of Committees
Methods of stating a question by Speaker
151
Speaker may name members to preside
Duty of Clerk when Speaker is absent
Appeals from ruling of the Speaker
When no debate on appeals
Appeals to be made at once
Rule 6 The Speaker may during a days j sitting name any member to perform the duties j of the Chair during any part of that sitting hut no longer
Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the j Speaker shall he absent the Speaker pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Clerk of the House shall call the House to Or der and shall preside until a Speaker pro tem pore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the House The Speaker pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
Rule 8 Should any member of the House be dissatisfied with the ruling of the Speaker on any point he shall rise and respectfully address the Speaker and say I appeal from the decision of the Chair The Speaker will then state to the House the point ruled on and his decision on it and shall then put the question of appeal to the House as follows All in favor of the decision of the Chair standing as the sense of this House will say Aye Those opposed will say No and the decision of the House in sustaining or overruling the Speaker shall be final
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Rule 9 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
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Rule 10 All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
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Rule 11 Where debate is permissible on ap jg may peals from the decision of the Chair any mem House3 the her after being recognized by the Speaker may address his remarks directly to the House
Rule 12 The Speaker shall have power to Speaker to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for subordinate misconduct or neglect of duty and when such officerssuspension has been made he shall report the same to the House within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the House may see fit to take in the premises
Rule 13 The Speaker shall have power to when cause the galleries and lobbies of the House may order cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in and lobbies case of disturbance or disorderly conduct there cleareL in and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of the House to be dealt with for contempt of the House
Rule 14 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the House Speaker the Speaker may order the bar of the House to be closed and the roll of members called by the Clerk and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the House and if any member present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the House
Rule 15 The Speaker may at any time order Speaker the roll called on any question and take the vote taken vote by yeas and nays where a division of the and nays House discloses the fact that a quorum of the House has not voted
153
Decisions on questions of priority
Conduct of members in debate
Time extended how
Expulsion
Buie 16 All questions as to the priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the Speaker without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Buie 17 When any member is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the House he shall rise and respectfully address himself to Mr Speaker He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken
No member of the House shall occupy the floor longer than one 1 hour in debating any question unless otherwise ordered by the House and any motion to limit or extend the time of individual speeches shall be decided without debate No such motion shall prevail unless it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting Such motion may be made at any time that the movant thereof may legitimately obtain the floor
If any member in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the House the Speaker shall call him to order in which case the member so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The House shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the House be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the House by a twothirds vote of the members which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays and recorded on the Journal of the House
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154
Rule 18 If any member be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Clerk and read then admitted denied or explained by the member who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the House may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at any time the House is acting under the previous question such question of crder and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main questions have been exhausted or until such further time as may then be ordered by the House But no member shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the House for words spoken in debate if any other member has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Rule 19 The members of the House shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking member shall have taken his seat
Rule 20 The members shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the place in which they may be or the county they represent
Rule 21 No member shall address the House except as heretofore stated in case of appeals or interrogate a member who is speaking except through the Speaker and should the member speaking decline to be interrupted the Speaker shall cause the member desiring to interrogate to be silent
Exception to words spoken i Proviso
Silence
Mode of
designating
members
House how addressed Questions and interruptions
155
Shall not vote when interested in result
Protests
Smoking and conversation prohibited
Duty while member is speaking and at adjournment
Matters transpiring in Senate Committees and private conversation not to be referred to
Laudatory and disparaging remarks when forbidden
Rule 22 No member shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is immediately and particularly interested In every case where the seat of a member is being contested the sitting member and the contestant shall both retire from the House before the vote is taken
Rule 23 Any member may enter a protest in writing against the action of the House said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the House nor any member thereof and such protest shall be entered by the Clerk upon the Journal of the House
Rule 24 No member shall converse with any one over the bar of the House
Rule 25 No member shall be permitted to enter upon the floor of the House or remain thereon in an intoxicated condition and the Messenger and the Doorkeepers of the House are specially charged with the rigid enforcement of this rule
Rule 26 No member shall pass between the Chair and a member while he is speaking nor shall any member at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the Speaker retires
Rule 27 No member shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another member or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the Senate
Rule 28 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
156
1 Rule 29 Applause or hisses in the Representative chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall he promptly suppressed
Rule 30 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Rule 31 No member can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the House he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the Speaker
Rule 32 On all questions except such as are not debatable any member on the call of the ayes and nays shall as a matter of right be allowed three minutes in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no member shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent of the House No motion shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a members time for explaining
Rule 33 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any member it shall be determined by a vote of the House and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 34 Every member within the hall when a question is put shall vote unless he is immediately and particularly interested therein or the House shall excuse him A motion to excuse a member from voting must be made before the House divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided
157
Applause and hisses forbidden
No debate during yeas and nays
Only one motion can be made at a time
Explanation
Reading of papers
When members shall vote
Motion to excuse when made Excuses from voting
Call for a division
Division how made
Qualifying paragraph exception and provision
Strike out and insert not divisible
Call of counties
without debate except that the member making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
Rule 35 No member shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then make any motion the effect of which is to cut off debate without relinquishing the floor
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 36 Any member may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Rule 37 The member calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by themselves and be consistent and entire
Rule 38 A qualifying paragraph an exception or a proviso if taken from that to which it belongs would not contain a distinct or entire proposition
Rule 39 A motion to strike out and insert is an indivisible proposition
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Rule 40 The Clerk shall on Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call the counties for the introduction of new matter beginning alternately at the first and last of the alphabet Provided that no member shall introduce more than one bill of a general nature on any day except companion bills and provided further no bill providing for an appropriation of money shall
158
be introduced during the last thirty days of a regular session except by consent of twothirds of the House which twothirds shall be equal to a majority of all of the members elected to the House The question of the introduction of such bill shall be debatable for ten minutes five minutes by the author or other member designated by him and five minutes by member or members opposing such introduction
Rule 41 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the numerical order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Clerk shall distinctly state its number and the name of the member by whom introduced provided that House and Senate bills and resolutions adversely reported shall not be taken up for a second reading except by request of the authors of such bill or resolution or some member of the House provided that the General Tax Bill and the General Appropriation Bill shall take precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said Bills shall have been finally disposed of In order that the proper numerical order may be accurately and fairly determined as between bills and resolutions it shall be the duty of the Clerk to place on each bill and resolution as same is read the first time a number following the numerical order in which said bills and resolutions are read the first time adopting one series of numbers and the same series of numbers for both bills and resolutions and not a separate series of numbers as heretofore practiced
Rule 42 Every motion to suspend the rules
Bills and resolutions called in order Proviso
rl59
Effect of
unanimous
consent
for the purpose of taking up bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion to make special orders shall be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the House
Rule 43 The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unaimous consent for the introduction of new matter nor to read any bill or resolution the secbnd time or any local bill or resolution a third time or to put any local bill or resolution upon its passage or to recommit a bill or resolution or to withdraw from one commtitee and recommit to another a bill or resolution except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal or after the reading of the Journal has been dispensed with The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to put any general bill or resolution upon its passage or to read such bill or resolution second time and recommit The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any time
The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to make a special order or to change the order of business except that by unanimous consent an order of business may be fixed for the period of Unanimous Consents
The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to cast his vote on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question nor shall any member be permitted to cast his vote
160
on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question until the question is put to the House by the Speaker on viva voce vote or division of the House or until after the roll call has begun
The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Eule 44 The rules of this House known as suspension Constitutional rules shall in no case be suspended all other rules shall in no case be suspended nor changed nor the order of business be changed except by a vote of twothirds of the members voting Provided however that in order to so change or suspend the rules or change the order of business said twothirds so voting in favor of said change or suspension shall constitute a majority of the members of the whole House
Eule 45 No suspension or change or addition to these rules shali be made unless such proposed change or addition or suspension of be first referred to the Committee on Eules and reported back to the House Provided however that immediately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day following the introduction in the House of the proposed change or addition to these rules the Committee on Eules shall report the same back to the House A failure to so report such proposed change or addition to these rules for two days shall automatically bring said proposed change or addition before the House for consideration
Eule 46 Any motion to suspend rules or no debate change the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate Provided how
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Bills etc when introduced
No debate on first reading
Effect of favorable report of committee
ever that whenever a report from the Committee on Rules is submitted to the House the questions arising on said report shall he debatable until the report of the Committee is agreed to or disagreed to or the main question is ordered There shall be no debate however on the report of the Committe on Rules during the last fourteen days of the session
Rule 47 It shall be in order to introduce bills or other matter upon the call of the counties without any previous notice having been given for that purpose
Rule 48 No debate shall he admitted upon any Bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any Bill or Resolution or other matter requiring reference to a Committee the Speaker shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the House
No bill or resolution shall be engrossed except upon the affirmative vote of twothirds of the members present No member shall be recognized at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to engross a bill or resolution When a motion to engross is made which motion may be made upon reading the bill the first time and at no other time no debate shall be permitted except that the movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Clerk and the Bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed In cases where the report of a committee is favor
162
Q tie Ci ie House Mle itteeisif pM loieij ilesdmujj
to intd ill of tied 3 having
idmitteii ltleiiti other d ietle rithontij omitted
able to the passage of a bill the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Any bill may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the House
When motion is made to refer a bill or resolution to a committee other than the one to which it is referred by the Speaker even though instructions be added no debate shall be permitted except that movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes No debate shall be permitted unless instructions are added
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All resolutions providing for appointment of committees of inquiry or investigation and any and all other resolutions not privileged except motions for information from the Executive Department and any other Department of the State Government shall be referred by the Speaker to the appropriate committee unless by order of the House referred to some other committee
Rule 49 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the Senate on the day of the passage thereof unless twothirds of the members present shall so order
163
Bills when withdrawn
Adverse report of committee Transmission to Senate majority vote
Bills when printed
Committee of the Whole House See Rule 107 et al
Bills and Resolutions to be in writing How indorsed
Reports of committees order of action
Rule 50 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the House by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of j the House agreeing thereto No request for unanimous consent or motion to print a bill shall 1 be made except immediately following the thirty I minute period of Unanimous Consents No de bate shall be permitted on such a motion except I that the movant may speak to his motion not I longer than three minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for three minutes provided however j that when a bill is actually before the House for j consideration such request for unanimous consent or a motion to print may be made but the motion to print shall not take precedence of any other motion permitted under Rule No 55 The motion to print may be made after the motion to table or the motion to postpone to a time certain shall have prevailed The debate on such motion shall be limited as above set forth
Rule 51 All proceedings touching the appropriating of money shall be considered in the Committee of the Whole House
Rule 52 All bills and resolutions shall be in writing and shall have the name of the member introducing the same as well as the county he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same
Rule 53 Where a bill or resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last commit
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tee report shall be acted on by the House and in all cases the report of the Committee of the Whole House shall be first acted on by the House
Rule 54 The Committee on Rules during the last twentyone days of each session shall arrange a calendar for each days business and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing Special Order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order fixed by such calendar except by a vote of a majority of all of the members elected to the House During the period of operation under this rule the calendar or order of business fixed by committee on rules shall be read by the clerk immediately after Confirmation of the Journal of each morning session and immediately after Call of the Roll of each afternoon session and any motion to amend such report either by striking inserting or changing the order shall be made within the first thirty minutes after the reading of such report After the reading of such report and announcement by the Speaker that it is in order for such motions to be made and no such motions being made the House shall proceed to business under the calendar so fixed after which no such motion shall bq made during that session No such motion to amend the report of the Committee on Rules shall be debatable during the period of operation under this Rule
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Rule 55 When any subject is before the order of House for consideration or under debate no prece en
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Not debatable when may be renewed When made
When made debatable
When not in order
motion shall be received except the following towit
1st Motion to adjourn
2d A motion to lay on table
3d A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to adjourn to a time definite
5th A motion to postpone indefinitely
6th A motion to postpone to a day certain
7th A motion to commit
8th A motion to amend
9th A motion to print
Which said motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand as above arranged
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 56 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the House A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
Rule 57 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the House is not actually engaged in other business is debatable
Rule 58 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the member moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 59 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained9 but when the House has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any mo
166
tin to adjourn be in order after the Clerk has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced but in such cases the rollcall shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced before a motion to adjourn shall be in order
Rule 60 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the House to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 61 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the House is being taken by yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the House is acting on the main question after the main question has been ordered1 and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the House shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
MOTIONS TO LAY ON TABLE
Rule 62 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order
Rule 63 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the House is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken up the same is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Effect of adjournment
Hour of adjournment What business postponed
Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table
How matters may be taken from table
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Effect of vote to table
Effect of vote to take from table
No motion to table in order until rollcall is completed
When renewed
Not debatable or amendable
What can be tabled
When in order
Rule 64 If the motion to lay on the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the House the measure together with all the motions attached to it at the time it is so disposed of
Rule 65 When the proposition is again taken from the table it stands before the House in the exact form with all the motions pertaining to it just as it did at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed
Rule 66 After a yea and nay vote is called 1 on any hill or resolution the House not acting at the time under the previous question and one vote has been recorded no motion to table fl shall be in order until the rollcall shall have been completed When any bill or resolution is tabled after the completion of the rollcall and then taken from the table nothing can be done except to announce the result of said vote as shown by said rollcall at the time said bill or resolution was tabled
Rule 67 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Rule 68 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
Rule 69 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
Rule 70 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted on the main question shall
168
be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 71 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except a motion to adjourn or to lay on the table but neither of said motions shall be made but once until after the previous question has been exhausted and when it is moved the question shall be Shall the motion for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority of a quorum in the affirmative and the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum all other motions except one to reconsider the action in ordering the main question will be out of order and the House cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives But no motion to reconsider the action of the House in ordering the main question shall be in order after the Clerk has called the first name on call of the ayes and nays and the vote of any member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on the vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced in such cases the roll call shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced
Rule 72 When the previous question has been ordered the House shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty
169
Effect of previous question
Twenty
minutes
debate
allowed
minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate Where the report of the committe is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such members as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule This rule shall not be construed to allow the twenty minutes above referred to to be used but once on any bill or measure and then on the final passage of the bill or measure
Vote how taken
Rule 73 After the main question is ordered any member may call for a division of the House in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays if the call for the yeas and nays is sustained by onefifth of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the yeas and nays and so entered on the Journal
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Effect of main question being ordered
Contested
Election
Rule 74 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the House to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 75 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any question if th previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report

170
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port
Rule 76 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Rule 77 A call of the House shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the Speaker that a quorum is not present
Rule 78 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shallbe decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Rule 79 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Rule 80 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
Rule 81 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
How Called and Ordered
Call of the House when in order
Question of order
Effect
Not amendable
When cannot be applied
171
Not renewed
Effect of negative vote
May be amended
To a day beyond the session
Debate when and how allowed
Rule 82 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 83 The motion to postpone a bill resolution or other measure to a day certain when decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum removes the subject from before the House until the time designated and makes it a privileged question for that day so selected
Rule 84 If the motion to postpone a bill a resolution or other measure is decided in the negative it leaves the question before the House as it was before the motion was made and it cannot be moved a second time on same day or at the same stage of the proceeding
Rule 85 This motion to postpone to a day certain may be amended by substituting one day for another In this case the time would be treated as a blank and the Speaker should treat these propositions as he would those to fill blanks
Rule 86 If a day designated is known to be beyond the session the Speaker shall treat the motion as though it had been a motion to indefinitely postpone the subject
Rule 87 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the propostion to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another It
172
shall be the duty of the Speaker to hold members rigidly to these points
Rule 88 This motion cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but must be applied to the whole bill resolution or other measure before the House and when it prevails it carries forward the whole proposition and its appendages to the day named
MOTIONS TO COMMIT
Rule 89 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committe or committee of the whole House
Rule 90 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on but where a motion is made that a bill resolution or other measure be committed to the committee of the whole House this motion shall be put before either of the above named motions
Rule 91 On a motion simply to commit no debale shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 92 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the member making the motion
Rule 93 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same
Motion how applied
Motion to commit
Precedence
of
When debatable
How
amended
Motion to recommit
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Amendments how made
Substitute
Bill first perfected then the substitute
When too late to amend
or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTIONS TO AMEND
Rule 94 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2d By striking out words
3d By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 95 A substitute is simply an amendment it is in effect a motion to strike out all after the enacting clause of a bill or the word Resolved in a resolution and insert that offered as a substitute
Rule 96 When a bill or resolution is before the House for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the House to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 97 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to which was
174
referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the House unless said aetion of the House in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Rule 98 All motions to amend any matter before the House must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 99 On all questions whether in committee or in the House the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 100 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 101 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Rule 102i When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the House shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Clerk in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Clerk without any motion being made in the House and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur and amend it
Must be in writing
Priority
Blanks
Caption
when
amended
Amending by sections
175
Amendments by striking out and inserting
Priority of amendment to perfect
Amending
Senate
Amen dments
See Rule 126
Priority
Priority of questions on Senate amendments
Rule 103 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment
Rule 104 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Clerk shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 105 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a part of a bill or resolution any amendment offered to perfect the part proposed to be stricken shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
Rule 106 When any bill or resolution which originated in the House has been amended in the Senate and is before the House for action on the Senate amendment an amendment may be offered in the House to the Senate amendment but the House amendment to the Senate amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 107 A motion to amend an amendment made by the Senate to the House bill or resolution takes precedence over a motion to agree to disagree to said amendment
Rule 108 The questions which arise before the House respecting amendments by the Senate to a House bill or resolution are
1st A motion to agree to the Senate amendment
2d A motion to disagree to the Senate amendment
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3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order
The Speaker isauthorized on his own motion or upon point or order being made when in his opinion a Senate Amendment to a House Bill is not germane or if adopted would render the hill unconstitutional to rule out such amendment the effect of which ruling of the Speaker if not appealed from or if appealed from and the appeal not sustained shall be the same as a vote of the House to disagree and as such the Clerk shall report it to the Senate Such point of order shall take precedence over a motion to agree
Provided that when any question of disagreement with the Senate arises the following motions shall be in order at any time the movant can legally obtain the floor and debate thereon limited as in the case of reconsideration 1st a motion to insist upon the House position 2nd a motion to recede from the House position which motions shall be put in the order listed subject to disposition by the House of any amendments or substitutes affecting the matter in disagreement
Buie 108A In order to adopt a Senate Amendment to a House bill or resolution and in order to adopt a report of a conference committee the said amendment or conference committee report must receive a majority vote of
Majority necessary to adopt Senate Amendment or Conference Committee Report
Motion to reconsider
Shall not be withdrawn when
When there may be one reconsideration
When in order
Amendments when reconsidered
the entire membership elected to the House of Representatives Any rule contravening the letter or spirit of this Rule is hereby repealed

RECONSIDERATION
Rule 109 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any member whether said member previously voted in the affirmative or negative on the matter sought to be reconsidered to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter as has been previously re considered provided such member shall notify the House of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed Provided further that the action of the House on Senate amendments shall be in order for reconsideration immediately and not otherwise
Rule 110 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Rule 111 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Rule 112 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the order of
unanimous consent on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except thai any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action

Rule 113 The action of the House upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time
before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
Rule 114 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
COMMITTEE ON THE WHOLE HOUSE
Rule 115 The Speaker may resolve the House into a Committee of the Whole without a motion being made therefor whenever a bill or resolution shall be in order for consideration on its third reading before the House which is required by the rules of this House to be considered in the Committe of the Whole
Rule 116 The House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose provided however that notice of intention to make such motion shall be given during the session of the preceding day individual speeches on such motion being limited to three minutes If such notice shall not have been given the motion shall prevail if it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting and which Iwothird shall also constitute a majority of all of the members elected to the House and provided further whenever the House either by its own vote or by unanimous consent shall commit any bill or resolution to Committee of the Whole House and subsequently a motion shall be made to resolve the House into Committee of the Whole to consider such bill or resolution and such motion shall be lost the said motion shall not be again renewed but it shall be the duty of the Speaker to require
179
Place of calendar
When ordered by Speaker
See Rule 44
When ordered by the House
How formed
Proceedings
Rule in committee
Debate how closed
the Clerk to read the hill or resolution again on the following days session under the order of Introduction of New Matter or Reading of Bills the First Time and to refer such bill or resolution to the appropriate committee unless otherwise ordered by the House provided however that for the consideration of the General Tax Bill and General Appropriation Bill the House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose and no previous notice shall be necessary
Rule 117 In forming a Committee of the Whole House the Speaker shall leave the chair and a Chairman to preside in committee shall be appointed by the Speaker
Rule 118 In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be first read throughout by the Clerk and then again be read or debated by clauses or sections leaving the preamble to be last considered unless otherwise ordered
Rule 119 The Rules of the House shall be observed by the Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable except that it can not refer a matter to any other committee it can not adjourn the previous question can not be enforced a motion to lay on the table or indefinitely postpone shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the House shall be in order nor shall any vote be taken by yeas and nays
Rule 120 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it shall be desired to close the debate or to limit the time to be allowed members
for speaking the committee may rise and re port its desire to the House and the House shall take such action thereon as it may see fit by a resolution agreed for that purpose Said resolution shall apply only to the subjectmatter before said committee and when said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the House the action of the House shall be deemed the sense of the committee and the House may then on motion again resolve itself into Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of the subject
Eule 121 In the event that a Committee of the Whole House at any sitting shall for want of time fail to complete any matter under consideration it may on motion at any time in the committee made rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally or at a day certain
Eule 122 A motion that the Committee rise and report progress and ask leave to sit again can be made at any time when the mover thereof can legitimately obtain the floor and shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without debate and when it prevails the committee shall immediately rise and when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall automatically rise and the Speaker shall assume the Chair
Eule 123 A motion to reconsider shall be in order in Committee of the Whole
Eule 124 The Committee of the Whole shall not proceed with the business before it whenever a vote on any question shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present When
Time of how extended
Motion to riseetc
Reconsid
eration
Duty of Chairman when no quorum is present
181
All members shall vote unless excused
Amendments
Disorderly
conduct
reported
Chairman may order galleries cleared
Proceedings of when business before it is finished
ever it is suggested that a quorum is not pres i ent the Chairman of the committee shall satisfy 4 himself of the fact hy actual count of the com j mittee and report the same to the committee f and the Chairman shall on his own motion order that the committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the House
Rule 125 The Speaker may in Committee of the Whole take part in the proceedings and he 1 as well as all other members shall vote on all questions before the committee unless excused therefrom and no pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 126 Amendments proposed hy the Committee of the Whole may be amended or rejected by the House and matters stricken out by the committee may be restored by the House
Rule 127 A Committee of the Whole House can not punish disorderly conduct of its mem bers but must report the same to the House for action thereon
Rule 128 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared in case of any disorder ly conduct therein
Rule 129 When the Committee of the Whole have disposed of the bill resolutions or other measures before it by motion and question it shall rise and the Chairman will be instructed J to report the action of the Committee to the House At this point the Speaker will resume
182
his seat and the Chairman will return to the floor and will state in substance as follows Mr Speaker the Committee of the Whole House have had under consideration naming what and have instructed me as their Chairman to report the same back to the House with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended or do not pass as the case may be
The Speaker will receive this report and repeat the same and the matter will then be before the House for action just as though reported by any other Committee
Rule 130 The proceedings of the Committee of the Whole shall not be recorded in the Journal of the House except so far as reported to the House by the Chairman of said committee
Rule 131 When in the Committee of the Whole any papers in the possession of the House may be called for by any member and read by the Clerk for the information of the committee unless the committee shall otherwise order
Rule 132 Amendments offered to an amendment in the Committee of the Whole shall not be reported to the House but the report shall contain only the result of the committee s action on tho bill resolution or measure under consideration before it
ABSENTEES
Rule 133 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the House and also the reading of the Journal shall not be dispensed with except by a vote of twothirds of the members
Record
Papers may be called for
Report shall contain result of committees action
Morning rollcall dispensed with by two thirds vote
183
Names of absentees noted
Duty of
Auditing
Committee
Excuses of members
Power to compel attendance
present The motion to dispense with the roll call and to dispense with the reading of the Journal shall he decided without debate
Rule 134 Upon the call of all the members ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall he noted by the Clerk and shall appear upon the Journal And it shall he the duty of the Clerk to keep a separate list of the absentees from each days proceedings which list shall be entered upon the Journal and shall show which of said absentees are absent without leave and of those absent with leave which are absent for providential causes and which for business reasons which said separate list shall he read in the House with the Journal upon which the same is entered
The Clerk shall also keep in a hook accessible to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave the names of all such absentees noting such as are absent without leave and the member so absent without leave unless excused by the House are so absent
It shall be the duty of the Committee on Auditing to inquire into the matter before passing upon any members account
Excuses of members absent without leave shall he submitted to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent Without Leave and the recommendations of some member of said committee shall he necessary to have said excuse allowed by the House
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 135 The power to compel the attendance of members in order to keep or secure a
ffijg
Ltafe1
184
quorum shall be vested in the Speaker and to this end he may have the doors of the House closed When the doors are so closed no member shall be allowed to retire from the House without first obtaining leave from the House
The Messenger of the House shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the House and on order of the Speaker may arrest any absentees and bring them before the House when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE HOUSE
Rule 136 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present or when the Speaker shall officially state the fact to the House it shall be in order for any member to make a motion for a call of the House and when this motion is made the Speaker shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the House prevail V and if fifteen of the members present shall vote in the affirmative the Speaker shall order the Clerk to call the roll of members and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by order of the majority of the members present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by the officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the House shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
Sergeant
atarms
185
What is a quorum Compelling attendance
Oath of members
Majority required to pass bill
Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members
Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays
Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays
Rule 137 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4
Rule 138 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
Rule 139 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14
Rule 140 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6
Rule 141 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12
Rule 142 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both
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Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21
Rule 143 Every bill before it shall pass Revenue shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only
The third reading of local bills must be full and complete
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5
Rule 144 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10
Rule 145 No law or ordinance shall pass one subject which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8
Rule146 No law or section of the Code shall An a161
numt to laws
be amended or repealed by mere reference to codetions its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17
Rule 147 Laws of a general nature shall General laws
r i how varied
have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case
Consent and when required
Corpora
tions
Power delegated to courts
Relief of recognizance
What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appropriations by separate bills
for which provisions have been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall he varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the consent in writing of all persons to he affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
Buie 148 The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies except hanking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
Buie 149 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Buie 150 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriation fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public dept and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appro
188
priations shall be made by separate bills each embracing bnt one subject
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9
Rule 151 Neither House shall adjourn for Adjourn
a men
more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24
Rule 152 All elections by the General As Elections sembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result
Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1
Rule 153 No bill or ordinance or resolu isecagfin tion intended to have the effect of a law which nasidd shall have been rejected by either House shall thirds vote be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13
Rule 154 The General Assembly shall meet sea0nr3f on the second Monday in January 1933 and bi iendiys1 ennially thereafter on the same date until the day shall be changed by law Such session shall continue no longer than ten 10 days
Regular
Session limited to sixty days
Elections
Disorderly
conduct
Expulsion by twothirds vote
Signature of Governor when required
Governors
veto
Effect of twothirds vote thereon
The General Assembly shall reconvene in regular session on the second Monday after the a 4th of July 1933 and biennially thereafter on j the same date nntil the date shall be changed I by law No such regular session shall continue longer than sixty 60 days
For complete description of Article see Constitution
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3
Rule 155 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its 1 members and shall have the power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1
Rule 156 No provision of this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the Gen i eral Assembly shall be construed to waive the j necessity for the signature of the Governor as i in any other case except in the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of pro A longation of a session of the General Assembly 1
Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23
Rule 157 The Governor shall have the re vision of all bills passed by the General Assemb ly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwith standing his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented j to him the same shall be a law unless the Gen
190
onvet iy afterl ereaftei le i all coiti
eie seej
era Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 7 Par 16
thjm
atioid
rertoi
DSC01
ptliyai he kW
is Corf isesoffe d to m ie GoveiM two0 jin erf
neralAsd
Rule 158 Every note resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 17
Rule 159 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4
Rule 160 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional Districts for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such pro
191
When Governor must approve
Twothirds
vote
required
Twothirds vote required on amendments to Constitution
Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called

Salaries of Judges
posed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendemnts shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Art 13 Sec J Par 1
Rule 161 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2
Rule 162 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries not to exceed four thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Court shall have salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office
192
The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such changes shall affect the officers then in commission
Art 6 Sec 13 Pars 1 and 2
Rule 163 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 164 When a message shall be sent to the House of Representatives it shall be announced at the door of the House by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 165 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce is being taken A message shall be presented to the House by the Speaker when received or afterwardsaccording to its nature and the business in which the House is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the House
May be changed by a twothirds vote
Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same
Messages
Messages when received and considered
Petitions
Motions
Petitions
memorials
etc
Committees
Clerk
Clerk
Duties of Committee on Enrollment
Rule 166 It shall be the order of the day every Wednesday to take np and decide on reports of Committees on Petitions and all Petitions shall he numbered as they are received and taken up and disposed of in the order they were received unless otherwise ordered by a majority of a quorum
Rule 167 After a motion is stated by the Speaker or read by the Clerk it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the House but may he withdrawn at any time before the decision by the unanimous consent of the House
Rule 168 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memoralist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then he referred without reading
Rule 169 The several standing committees of the House shall have leave to report by bill or otherwise The report of the Committee on Rules is in order at any time when the House is not actually engaged in other business
Rule 170 The Clerk of the House shall take an oath for the true and faithful discharge of the duties of his office to the best of his knowledge and abilities and shall be deemed to continue in office until another be elected
Rule 171 The Clerk shall take special care of the hooks provided for the use of the House
Rule 172 The Committee on Enrollment shall carefully compare enrolled bills and reso
194
tted and II
lntions and correcting any errors that may he discovered in the enrolled hills or other papers make their report forthwith to their respective Houses
Rule 173 Verification of a roll call vote can mm I be dispensed with only by unanimous consent the Speaker shall not entertain a motion to that J effect
Rule 174 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Clerk shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Rule 175 When a motion is made by any member it shall not be necessary that the same motion shall be seconded before being put to the House
Rule 176 After the announcement of the standing committee no other members shall be hgeanged placed thereon except when members have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the Speaker may assign said members to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 177 No person shall be allowed to on the floor
ter upon the floor of the House except the members and officers thereof the officers and members of the Senate the Governor of the State and the heads of the officers of the Executive Department Members of Congress from Georgia State House officers and members of the press actively reporting Legislative proceedings exGovernors Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral in actual commission expresiding officers of the House and Senate Judges and DistrictAttorneys of
195
Privileges of the floor
Duty of Committee on Journals
Members to receipt Clerk for books and papers
Adjournment and meeting
Motion for yeas and nays not debatable
Signature of Speaker and Clerk
the United States Courts and such others as the House may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on the Privileges of the Floor The report of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor may be made at any time the chairman of the committee is recognized by the Speaker Privileges of the floor and use of the press table shall be extended only to those representatives of the press bearing proper credentials from recognized newspapers of general circulation and telegraphic press associations provided that no person shall be admitted on the floor of the House who is engaged in lobbying or in attempting to influence legislation
Rule 178 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the House that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Clerk
Rule 179 No member shall take any books or papers from the possession of the House or Clerk without first acquainting the Clerk and giving him a receipt to return the same in a reasonable time or on his demand
Rule 180 The House shall convene at 10 a m Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the House The hour of adjournment to be fixed by a majority of said House on motion without debate
Rule 181 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
Rule 182 All Acts and joint resolutions shall be signed by the Speaker and Clerk and all writs warrants and subpoenas issued by or
196
der of the House shall be signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk
Rule 183 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the House while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the Speaker to execute the demands of the House from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the Speaker
Rule 184 The Messenger under the direction of the Clerk shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Rule 185 No Committee of the Whole or other committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendment recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendment relates
Rule 186 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Rule 187 Whenever any member moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the Speaker shall appoint a committee on the part of the House and in such case the committee shall consist of only such members as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the House and if by inadvertence any member be
Duty of Messenger
Messengers duty in distributing documents etc
Interlineation forbidden
Pairing
Committee on con ference
Authority of
Conference
Committees
Amend
ments
nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the Honse and he excused by the Speaker
Rule 187a No conference committee appointed by the House or under its authority shall be authorized to agree to any proposal whereby matter new and different from the action of the House and Senate is recommended All conference committees on the part of the House shall be limited in authority to composing the difference between House and Senate on the measure that is referred to said conference committee and apy report from any conference committee which exceeds the authority as outlined here shall be out of order and the Speaker shall so declare and upon his failure to do so at the suggestion of any member the question shall be submitted to the House as to whether the conference committee has exceeded its authority If upon vote it is determined that said action is in excess of the authority of said committee the committee shall be automatically discharged and the report disregarded All rules contravening the letter or spirit of this rule in so far as this rule is affected are to be disregarded
Rule 188 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the House it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the House but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 189 All reports of a committee shall SorSand be in writing and the minority of a committee report8may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
Rule 190 Every motion for information Rntebie118 from the Executive Department or any other Department of the State Government shall lie on the table one day and on the following day such motion shall be deemed privileged and shall be in order for immediate consideration at the request of the author or any other member of the House
Rule 191 On the call of the yeas and nays ging the Clerk shall read the names of the members after they have been called and no member shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 192 Questions of privilege shall be Questions of first those affecting the rights of the House col proviso lectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of members individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence over all other questions except a motion to adjourn Provided that when any matter is before the House no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question shall be disposed of
Rule 193 In all elections a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Rule 194 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing Rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
199
Rule 195 The Auditing Committee shall before auditing the account of any member for expenses of a committeeman or any account prescribed by a member for any expense incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of this House require of such an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item of said account
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 196 The following shall be the order of business
0 Scripture Reading and Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of the committee on the Journal
4 Reading of the Journal
5 Confirmation of the Journal
6 Unanimous consents
7 Motions to reconsider
8 Reports of standing committees
9 House bills favorably reported for a second reading
10 Unfinished business of previous session
11 Orders of the day
12 On Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call of the counties for the introduction of new matter On Mondays and Wednesdays third reading of Senate bills and resolutions
200
13 House bills and resolutions for third reading and House bills and resolutions with Senate amendments
14 On Tuesdays House bills on the calendar adversely reported for a second reading
15 On Mondays and Fridays immediately after the call of the counties Senate bills for first and second reading shall be in order
16 On Wednesdays immediately after the call of the counties all petitions and reports of committees on petitions shall be in order
17 Bills of Senate for third reading
18 Senate resolutions
19 Report of committees on enrollment may be made at any time
20 After the regular order of business for
each day shall have been exhausted House Bills for first and second reading and Senate Bills for first and second reading respectively shall be in order
Unless otherwise ordered by the House no general bills or resolutions shall be in order for a third reading or for reconsideration at Saturdays session General bills or resolutions otherwise in order for reconsideration on Saturday shall stand over until the following Monday
Rule 197 No committee of the House shall consist of more than twentyfive members This rule however shall not apply to the following committees Amendments to the Constitution No Ill Amendments to Constitution No 2 Appropriations Commerce Counties and County
Matters Education No 1 Education No 2 Georgia State Sanitarium General Agriculture No 1 General Agriculture No 2 General Judiciary No 1 General JudieiaryNo 2 Historical Research Legislative and Congressional Reapportionment Motor Vehicles Municipal Government Penitentiary Public Highways No 1 Public Highways No 2 Public Utilities State Prison Farm University System of Georgia Ways and Means Western and Atlantic Railroad
COMMITTEES
Rule 198 The Speaker shall appoint the following committees
Academy for the Blind
Amendments to the Constitution No One
Amendments to the Constitution No Two
Appropriations
Auditing
Aviation
Banks and Banking
Commerce
Conservation
Corporations
Counties and County Matters
Drainage
Education No One
Education No Two
Engrossing
Enrollment
Excuse of Members Absent Without Leave
Game and Fish
General Agriculture No One
202
General Agriculture No Two
General Judiciary No One
General Judiciary No Two
Georgia School for the Deaf
Georgia State Sanitarium
Halls and Booms
Historical Besearcln Hygiene and Sanitation
Industrial Belations
Insurance
Interstate Cooperation
Invalid Pensions and Soldiers Home Journals
Legislative and Congressional Beapportionment
Manufacturers
Military Affairs
Mines and Mining
Motor Vehicles
Municipal Government
Penitentiary
Pensions
Privileges and Elections
Privileges of the Floor
Public Highways No One
Public Highways No Two
Public Library
Public Printing
Public Property
Public Utilities
Public Welfare
Bailroads
Rules
Sanitarium at Alto
Special Appropriations
Special Judiciary
State of Republic
State Prison Farm
Temperance
Training Schools
Uniform State Laws
University System of Georgia
VeteransAffairs
Ways and Means
Western and Atlantic Railroad
The Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Ways and Means shall be exofficio inemebrs of the Committee on Appropriations
Rule 199 Whenever any bill or resolution has been referred to a committee and the same has been held in the custody or control of such committee for ten days without reporting on same the author of such bill or any member of the House shall have the right immediately after the confirmation of the Journal to give notice that on the next regular meeting of the House he will submit a motion instructing such committee to report such bill back to the House after which on the next regular meeting day of the House any member of the House immediately after the confirmation of the Journal may move to instruct such committee to report such
bill or resolution back to the House and if the motion prevails it shall be the duty of such committee to report such bill or resolution accordingly with or without recommendation as the case may be at the next regular session and upon failure of said Committee to report such bill accordingly the same shall automatically be returned to the House for consideration Debate on said motion to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House shall be limited to twenty minutes unless otherwise ordered by the House and when such bill or resolution is so reported or returned to the House it may be referred or committed as other bills or resolutions Provided that any motion or resolution to set a special order or to change the order of business for any particular day which has been referred to the Committee on Rules may be held in the custody and control of such committee only three days instead of ten days under this rule It shall be the duty of the committee to which any measure providing for an appropriation is referred to report such bill or measure back to the House at least fifteen days prior to the last day of the session regardless of any such notice or motion by the author or any other member
Rule 200 In drawing for seats all members except those who have been permitted by the House to select seats without drawing shall retire to the rear of the Hall The names of all counties printed on separate slips of paper shall be deposited in a box and the box placed on the Clerks desk The names of the counties shall be drawn separately from the box and announced by the Clerk from his desk
205
When the name of a county is announced the member or members from that county shall come forward to the Clerks desk and secure a desk card with name and county printed thereon and then proceed to select his seat All desks shall be arranged in their proper position on the floor of the House and no desk shall be moved or changed

The Speaker shall have the right to reserve seats for the chairmen of the committees on Appropriations and Ways and Means and for the vicechairman of Committee on Rules before the drawing for seats
206
INDEX TO STANDING EULES OF Georgia House of Representatives
ABSENTEES Rule No
Auditing Committee duty as to134
Clerks duty as to wL 134
Roll Call dispensed with when 133
ADJOURN MOTION TO
Committee of whole not in order 119
Definite time debatable when 57
Effect when motion prevailsAll 60
Motion not debatableAL 56180
Motion not amendableA 56
Motion when in order 21 58
Motion when not in order ra59
Precedence of motionA 55
Shall not be made second time until when 56
ADJOURNMENT
Constitutional time limit 151
Courtesy to speaker at time of 26
Effect of 1 60
Effect when hour of arrives when House acting
under previous question 61
Effect when hour of arrives during vote by yeas and nays 61
Hour of fixed by House 180
ADVERSE REPORT
Bills and resolutions adversely reported taken up when 41
Debate on final passageAr 72
Effect of on bills 48
AMENDMENTS
Applicable to an amendmenti 94
Bills or resolutions amended by sections 102
Bill perfected before caption or preamble 101
Bills perfected before substitute 96
207

Rule No
Blanks must be filled100
Clerks duty in amending by striking out and inserting 104
Committee of whole action on 126
Committee of whole what reported to House 132
Germane must he 103
Motion to amend how made l 94
Motion to commit amendable92
Motion to postpone indefinitely not amendable l V 80
Motion to postpone to time definite amendable 85
Motion to table amendment not in order 62
Motion to table not amendable 68
Must be in writingil 98
Precedence of motion to amend 55
Priority of amendments 3 99
Priority of amendments to perfect part proposed
to be strickenI 105
Priority of over motion to agree or disagree 107
Priority of questions on Senate Amendments to H B 108
Priority of on passage of bill 188
Senate amendments to H B House amendments in order 106
Senate majority vote to adopt 108a
Reconsidered when 113
Substitute is an amendment 95
When in order 188
When too lateh 97188
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION
Submission to people 160
Convention called Ti 1 161
APPEALS
From Speakers decision 8
Members may address House H
No debate when of personal characteri1 9
To be made at once 10
APPLAUSE
Speakers right to suppress 29
APPROPRIATIONS
General bill right of wayt 41
208
Rule No
Governors power over1 v j 157
Considered in committee of whole 51
House must originateJ 144
ATTENDANCE
Call of Housep 136
Messengers Dutyr 135
Power to compel 1135136
Speakers duty 135
AUDITING COMMITTEE
Absentees duty as tog134
Accounts of members duty as to1p 195
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Amendments and substitutes bill first perfected 96
Amendments by sections 102
Amendments to Code sections 146
Amendments to passed on before those to caption
or preamble 101
Appropriations House must originate 144
Clerk to state number and author when reading41
Clerk to call in order on calendar 41
Committee of whole how read 118
Committee reports favorable effect of 48
Committee reports unfavorable effects of 48
Committee reports order of precedence53
Corporations laws relating toi 148
Engrossment effect of 48
General appropriations what to embrace 150
General laws how changed fI 147
Governors approval necessary 158
Governors failure to return 157
Governors veto 157
Immediate transmission when 49
Introduction when 47
Printed when I 50
Reconsideration effect of 114
Rejected when again consideredI 153
Relief of principals and sureties 149
209
Rule No
Requirements for J 52
Speakers duty to commit 48
Special laws prohibited when 147
Subjectmatter only one and expressed in title 145
Unanimous consent for readingi 43
Withdrawal of whenfL1 48
Majority necessary to pass 139
Debate none at first reading 1 48
Constitutional requirements as to reading 143
Reading of unanimous consentSg1 43
Reading first no debateT 48
Reading constitutional requirement 143
CALL OF HOUSE
Committee of whole not in order 119
Contempt refusal to vote on 14
When in order 14136
When not in order ll 77
CAPTION
Not considered until bill perfected 101
CHANGE OF VOTES
How done and when 191
CLERK
Absence of speaker and speaker pro tern duty of 7
Absentees duty of 134
Amendments striking out and inserting duty of 104
Bills and resolutions how read committee of whole 118
Bills and resolutions called in order from calendar 41
Bills and resolutions name and authors stated 41
Books duty to care for171179
Call of counties Mondays Wednesdays and Fridayst 40
Journal names not voting duty to enterr 174
Oath of prescribed 170
CODE SECTIONS
Amendments to Constitutional requirements 146
COMMITTEES Rule No
Amendments by take precedenceI188
Appointed by speaker 4198
Bills riot to be interlined or defaced by 18cL
Chairmen Appropriation and Ways and Means
ExOfficio Members 198
Conference how constituted 18T
Report of Conference majority vote J108a
Conference authority limitedT 187a
Defaulting committee provision as t8E8
Enlarged how AIU
Failure of to report provision as to 199
Membership limited7197
Reports of order of precedence C
Reports of required 199
Reports must be in writing l89
Speaker exofficio member of Rulesr
Speaker to appoint certain committees 4198
Rules committee how elected
COMMIT MOTION TO
no
Amended how
Applicable to what 8993
Committee of whole not in order 119
Precedence of as among other motions 55
Precedence of as among motions to commit
to different committees 9
COMMITTEE OF WHOLE HOUSE
Amendments by action by House Amendments to amendments how reported to House 126 132 51
Appropriation diiis conbiueieu m 118
rms reaa ana ueuaieu uy bccuuno 119
iail oi xiouse not in 117
imairman appoiiitou uy Chairman power to clear galleries or lobby 128 120
U 6 Date now limiteu emu uucu 127
Disorderly conauct repox ttju 121
extension 01 time now bctuicu 117
House may resolve itself into when Interlineation of bills or resolutions prohibitedgj 116 185
211
Rule No
Journal not show proceedingsJj 139
Members shall vote 125
Motion to commit to precedence 90
Motion to rise report progress and ask leave to sit again 122
Papers called for gS 131
Proceedings how closed Mfi 122
Proceedings not reported in Journal 130
Procedure when business finished L f 129
Quorum not present procedure 124
Reconsideration in order 123
Reports of precedence Mv 53
Rules applicable to and exceptions 119
Speaker may resolve House into when 115
Speaker may take part 125
Speaker chairman appointed by 117
CONSTITUTIONAL RULES
Adjournments limitedii 151
Amendments to Code sections 145
Amendments to Constitution 160
Appropriation Bills House must originate 144
Appropriation Bill General what to embrace 150
Appropriations Journal to show yeas and nays 141
Bills majority necessary to pass 139
Bills reading of Ip 143
Bills rejected when again considered 153
Bills subjectmatter expressed in title 145
Bills only one subjectmatter permittedI1 145
Constitutional convention how called X 161
Corporations power of General Assembly over 148
County sites how changed or removed 158
Date of meeting fixedi 154
Elections by General Assembly 152
Expulsion of members twothirds vote necessary 155
General laws how changed 147
General appropriation bill what to embrace 150
Governor failure to return bills 457
Governors signature when required j156158
Governors veto 457
House judges of election and qualification of members 155
Journal must show majority vote 139
Journal must show yeas and nays when required140141142
212
Rule No
Local and special bills notice required 163
Members power to punish misconduct ofIv155
Members oath of prescribed 138
Quorum defined 137
Relief of principals and sureties 149
Salaries of certain officials how changed 162
Special laws prohibited when 147
Subjectmatter bills to contain but one 145
Subjectmatter must be expressed in title 145
Veto of GovernorIi s 157
Yeas and nays required when140141142
Yeas and nays Journal to show on Apps 141
Yeas and nays Journal to show where twothirds vote required 142
CONTEMPT
Refusal to vote unless excused on call of House 14
CONTEST
Contestant and contestee to retire when vote taken 22
CONVERSATION
Prohibited 1924
COUNTY SITE
How changed or removed 159
DEBATE
Adjournment decided without1 180
Bills first reading no debate 48
Committee of whole regulated If 1119120
Committee happenings reference to out of order 27
Conversations reference to out of order 27
Conduct of members in 17
Individual speeches limited ii 17
Motion to adjourn not debatable 56
Motion to change rules not debatableg 46
Motion to commit when debatable 91
Motion to change order of business not debatable 46
213
Rule No
Motion to extend members time of speaking not debatable 17
Motion to excuse member from voting not debatable 34
Motion to indefinitely postpone debatable 80
Motion to instruct committee debate limitedgu 199
Motion for previous question not debatableI 71
Motion to read papers not debatable 33
Motion to suspend rules not debatable 46
Motion to table not debatable 68
Motion to postpone to time definite what debatable 87
Previous question decided affirmatively debate regulated 72
Priority of business not debatable16
Roll call no debate duringlr 30
Senate happenings reference to out of order 27
Yeas and nays decided without debate 181
DISPARAGING REMARKS
Members prohibited from28
DIVISION
Duty of member calling for37
Motion to excuse from voting to be made before 34
Right to call for 36
What not divisible 3839
DRAWING FOR SEATS
Regulated p lg 200
ELECTION
House Judge of of members 155
Majority vote necessaryA 193
ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE
Duties of i1 172
EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN
Procedure S1I 18
EXPLANATION OF VOTES
When allowed and time limited 32
214
EXPULSION OF MEMBERS Rule No
When 17155
DOORKEEPER
Duty as to enforcement of rule as to intoxication 25 Duty as to messagestl 164 Speaker may suspend when 12
GALLERIES
Applause to be suppressedU29
Committee of whole chairman may cleari 128
Speaker may clearr 13
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Meets when 154
Session Limited 154
GENERAL APPROPRIATION BILL
Constitutional provision as to what it shall embrace 150
Right of way in order of businessl 41
GENERAL LAWS
How changed1 li 147
GENERAL TAX BILL
Right of way of 1
GOVERNOR
Failure to return bill effectj 157
Signature when required 156158
Veto 157
HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT
Fixed by House 180
IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO SENATE
Twothirds vote necessary 49
215
INTOXICATION Rule No
Member denied floor while in state of1 25
JOURNAL
Absentees shown on L 134
Amendments to Constitution yeas and nays
must be shown on 139
Appropriation of money yeas and nays shown 141
Committee duty to read 173
Committee of whole proceedings not shown 130
Majority on passage of bills must be shown 139
Names those not voting shown on1 I74
Yeas and nays to be shown1140141
LAUDATORY REMARKS
Prohibited in Nominations 28
LOCAL BILLS
Constitutional requirement as to reading 143
Constitutional requirement as to notice 163
Introduced when 47
Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent Z 43
MAIN QUESTION
Effect as to when votes had on motion for
previous question pI717274
Minority report time allowed for debate 75
Motion to table supersedes when 70
Reconsideration of j 74
When ordered call of House 77
When ordered vote how takeni 73
MAJORITY
Bill majority vote necessary to pass 139
Elections majority vote necessaryt1 493
Quorum majority necessary 437
MEMBERS
Adjournment duty of at 26
Arrest subject to when135136137
216
Rule No
Attendance of compelled when135136137
Books and papers duty as to1 179
Called to order for transgressing rules 17
Changing votes how and when 191
Committee of whole right to speak 119
Committee of whole duty to vote I 125
Conduct in debate 3 jj 17
Conversation and smoking prohibited 1924
Debate how often to speakI 17
Debate individual speeches limited 17
Debate reference to conversations happenings in
committee and Senate prohibited 27
Decorum of 1719242627
Designation of members mode of 20
Exceptions to words of procedure33 18
Expulsion of when4333 17155
Interrogating mode of3 21
Intoxication denied floor when in state of 25
Introduction of bills number limited 40
Introduction of bills name and county to be endorsed 52
Laudatory remarks in nominations 7 28
Members speaking duty of while3 26
Misconduct in house and committee of whole127155
Motion may make one at a time 31
Motion must resume seat while being put 31
Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when 35
Oath of prescribed3 138
Protests of proceedingsr7 23
Retire when required to 22
Seats drawing forK 200
Vote shall not when interested3f 22
Vote shall exception1 34125
MEMORIALS
Manner of presentation 168
MEETING OF HOUSE
Adjournment fixed by House 180
Time of meeting for daily sessions180
Constitutional provisions 154
217
MINORITY REPORTS Rule No
How made 189 1
Main question ordered privileged first signer 75 j
MESSAGES
How sent announced received and considered44 165 j
MESSENGER
Arrest of membersri135136
Exofficio sergeantatarms 1 135 1
Intoxicated member enforcement of rule1 25 1
General duties 183184 j
Speaker may suspend when4 12 1
MOTIONS
Information from executive department lie on table Nondebatable prohibited when I
One at a time only 4
Order of priority
Order of business motion to change not debatable Order of business motion to change vote necessary
Read papers motion to decide without debate
Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 4 Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted
Seconding of unnecessary 4
Special orders motion to make how substituted
Strike out and insert motion to not divisible
Withdrawn how 4
NEW MATTERS
Call of counties by clerk 40
General bills limited to one a day t 40
Information from executive department to lie on table 190
Unanixhous consents for 4 43
NOMINATIONS
Laudatory remarks prohibited44 28
OATHS
Of Clerk prescribed4r 170
Of Members prescribed 138
218
190
35
31
55
46
4 54
33
14 44
424549
172
45
39
167
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Changed how 112444654
Motion to change not debatable
Motion to change vote necessary 4454
Priority of established r 96
Rules committee to fix during last twentyone days 54
PARLIAMENTARY LAW Applicable when
PETITIONS
Considered when 166
Manner of presentation 168
PREAMBLE
Not considered until resolution perfected rag
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Adjourn motion not in order after affirmative votes on 71 Adjournment effect arrival hour of House acting under 61
Affirmative votes result 71727475
Applicable to what v yr1
Call of House not in order after ordered except when 77
Call for sustained motion to table in order 70
Exhausted must be before matters of words
1 O
excepted to decided
Precedence of motion
119
80
POSTPONE
Applicable to what definite and indefinite 8188
Committee of whole motion to definitely postpone
not in orderLi
Debate motion to indefinitely postpone debatable
but not amendable
Definitely postpone motion to amendable 85
Effect of affirmative action on motion to indefinitely
postpone
Effect of affirmative action on motion to postpone
to time definite T1
Effect of negative action
79
219
Rule No
Indefinitely motion to when not applicableJ81
Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 86
Indefinitely motion to not renewable w 82
Precedence of motionu114 55
PRIVILEGE
Personal privilege 192
Questions pf what constitutes I 192
PRIVILEGES OF FLOOR
Who entitled to 177
PRINTING OF BILLS
When ordered 5 50
PROTESTS OF MEMBERS
Procedure 23
QUALIFYING PARAGRAPH
Not a divisible question 38
QUORUM
Constitutional definition 137
READING OF PAPERS
House determines by vote 33
RECONSIDERATION
Amendments when reconsiderad g 413
Bills notice of motion when given 109
Bills notice not to be withdrawn when HO
Committee of whole motion in order 123
Effect of on bills 114
Main question ordered motion in order to reconsider 71
Motion in order but once on same subject matter 111
Motions when in order 112
REMONSTRANCES
Manner of presentation 158
220
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES Rule No
Committees may report by bill or otherwise 169
Order of precedence of 53
ROLL CALL
Explanation of votes onJir Jrag 32
Debate none during1l 30
How dispensed with133
Speaker may order when ieS r15
RULES
Motion to suspend or change decided without debate 46
Suspended or changed howL j 444546
RULES COMMITTEE
Constituted and elected how4
Effect of failure to reportr 45
Order of business fixed by during last fourteen days 54
Report of in order when 169
Special orders and motions to suspend rules duty to report on1 Lr 4245
SALARIES
Constitutional provision as to changingi 162
SEATS
Drawing for regulatedr 200
SERGEANTATARMS
Call of House duty ofJ 136
Messenger is exofficio 2LLX 135
SIGNATURE OF SPEAKER AND CLERK
When required 182
SILENCE
Members to preserve when IiJ1 19
221
SMOKING Rule No
Prohibited 24
SPEAKER
Absence of Speaker pro tem to presidev
Adjournment members to remain until Speaker retires 26
Appeals from decision of891011
Appeals from decision of to be made at once10
Appeals from decision of no debate when 9
Appointment of committees by4198
Appointment of chairman of Committee of Whole 117
Appointment of Conference Committeei5 187
Attendance power to compel 135
Business priority of decided without debate16
Chairman Committee of Whole appointed by 117
Committees appointed by w 4198
Committee of Whole may resolve House into when 115
Committee of Whole assumes chair when 122
Committee of Whole receiving chairmans report 129
Committee of Whole right to take part in 125
Courtesy of members to at adjournment 26
Doorkeeper Speaker may suspend 12
Galleries may be cleared by 13
Interrogation of members conducted through 21
Irrelevant debate power to suspend 1
Members Speaker may name to preside6
Members courtesy due by at adjournment 26
Method of stating question by 5
Quorum duty of when no quorum voting 1415
Recognition of members decided by 3
Recognition of members for unanimous consent1 43
Rules Committee Speaker exofficio member 198
Silence commanded by when1
Suspension of officers 12
Vote Speaker required to when 2
SPEAKER PRO TEM
Absence of Speaker duty to preside 7
Election 7
SPECIAL COMMITTEE
Priority of motion to commit in 90
222
SPECIAL LAWS Pule No
Notice required wci v 163
Prohibited when 147
SUBJECTMATTER
Bills to contain but one and expressed in titleC 145
SUBSTITUTE
Amendment is Wr v 5i
Bill perfected before substitute 96
Motion to table not in orderv 62
SUSPENSION OF RULES
How accomplished 444546
TABLE MOTION TO
Amendment or substitute motion to table not in order 62
Amendment motion to table not subject to 68
Application of what can be laid on table 69
Committee of Whole motion not in orderH9
Debate motion to table not debatable 68
Effect when motion to table prevails 64
Effect when motion to take from table prevails 6365
Effect when motion to take from table prevails where
measure tabled after roll call 66
Executive department information called from
tabled one day 190
Main question motion to table in order after motion
f6r previous question sustained 70
Main question motion to table not in order after House has
voted that main question shall be now put 70
Motion to take from when in order 63
Previous question motion to table in order after call
for sustained JlL 70
Previous question motion to table not in order after main
question ordered i 70
Renewal of motions to table and take from when 67
Roll call motion not in order until completion Sil 66
TWOTHIRDS VOTE NECESSARY WHEN
Amendments to Constitutionrf 160
223
Rule No
Constitution Convention 161
County Site changed or removedWbL 159
Expulsion of members1Tg1 155
Governors veto overridden 156157158
Prolongation of sessioni 156
UNANIMOUS CONSENTS
Limitation and regulation of 43
YEAS AND NAYS
Adjournment effect when hour of arrives during vote by 61
Amendments to Constitution 1 v 160
Changing votes after call of 191
Committee of whole vote not taken by 119
Explanation of votes when vote taken by 32
Excuse from voting motion must be made before
roll call begins 34
Journals to show whenr 140141142
Journal to show names not voting 174
Motion to table when in order when vote taken by 66
Required when I 73140141142
Speaker may order when no quorum voting 15
224
CONSTITUTION
OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF STATE CONSTITUTIONSL 226
ARTICLE IBill of Rights E 7t4227229
ARTICLE IIElective Franchise 230233
ARTICLE illLegislative Department 233241
ARTICLE IVPower of General Assembly over Taxation241242
ARTICLE VExecutive Department 242248
ARTICLE VIJudiciary 248257
ARTICLE VIIFinance Taxation and Public Debt258268
ARTICLE VIIIEducation 1r 268271
ARTICLE IXHomestead and Exemption 271273
ARTICLE XMilitia 273
ARTICLE XLCounties and County Officersi273276
ARTICLE XIIThe Laws of General Operation in Force
in this State2 6277
ARTICLE XIIIAmendments to the Constitution 277278
ORDINANCES IBHII279282
Tabulation of Amendments Proposed283294
295
Chronological Analysis TVpr
225
CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF ORGANIC ACTS AND STATE CONSTITUTIONS OF GEORGIA
Charter of the Colony of Georgia 1732
Grant of George II King of Great Britain
Constitution of 1777
Constitutional Convention Oct 1 1776Feb 5 1777
Constitution of 1789
Constitutional Convention Nov 424 1788 Jan 420 1789 May 46 1789 May 16 1795
Constitution of 1798
Constitutional Convention May 830 1798
Constitution of 1861
Constitutional Convention Jan 16March 23 1861
Constitution of 1865
Constitutional Convention Oct 25Nov 8 1865
Constitution of 1868
Constitutional Convention Dec 9 1867March 11 1868 Constitution of 1877
Constitutional Convention July 11 1877August 25 1877
226
CONSTITUTION
OP THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
1877 as amended
PREAMBLE
To perpetuate the principles of free government insure justice to all preserve peace promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty we the people of Georgia relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God do ordain and establish this Constitution
ARTICLE I
Bill of Rights Section I
Paragraph I All government of right originates with the people is founded upon their will only and is instituted solely for the good of the whole Public officers are the trustees and servants of the people and at all times amenable to them
Par II Protection to person and property is the paramount duty of government and shall be impartial and complete
Par III No person shall be deprived of life liberty or property except by due process of law
Par IV No person shall be deprived of the right to prosecute or defend his own cause in any of the courts of this State in person by attorney or both
Par V Every person charged with an offense against the laws of this State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel shall be furnished on demand with a copy of the accusation and a list of the witnesses on whose testimony the charge against him is founded shall have compulsory process to obtain the testimony of his own witnesses shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him and shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury
Par VI No person shall be compelled to give testimony tending in any manner to criminate himself
Par VII Neither banishment beyond the limits of the State nor whipping as a punishment for crime shall be allowed
227
Art 1 Sec 1 Par 8
Par VIII No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty niore than once for the same offense save on his or her own motion for a new trial after conviction or in case of mistrial
Pr IX Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted nor shall any person be abused in being arrested while under arrest or in prison
Par X No person shall be compelled to pay costs except after conviction on final trial
Par XI The writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended
Par AH men have the natural and inalienable right to
worship God each according to the dictates of his own conscience and no human authority should in any case control or interfere with such right of conscience
Par XIII No inhabitant of this State shall be molested in person or property or prohibited from holding any public office or trust on account of his religious opinions but the right of liberty of conscience shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the State
Par XIV No money shall ever be taken from the public Treasury
directly or indirectly in aid of any church sect or denomination of religionists or of any sectarian institution
Pfr XV No law shall ever be passed to curtail or restrain the liberty of speech or of the press any person may speak write and sh his sentiments on all subjects being responsible for the abuse oi that liberty
Par XVI The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the persons or things to be seized 6
Par XVII There shall be within the State of Georgia neither slavery nor involuntary servitude save as a punishment for crime after legal conviction thereof
Ear XVIII The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject of legislation
Par XIX The civil authority shall be superior to the military aii soler sall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner nor in time of war except by the civil magistrate m such manner as may be provided by law
i XX The power of the Courts to punish for contempt shall be limited by legislative acts
There shall be no imprisonment for debt
Par XXI
T5Vihtf the PePle to keeP and bear arms shall not be infringed but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the manner m which arms may be borne
228
Art 1 Sec 1 Par 13
Par XXIII The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided
Par XXIV The people have the right to assemble peaceably for their common good and to apply to those vested with the powers of government for redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance
Par XXV All citizens of the United States resident in this State are hereby declared citizens of this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact such laws as will protect them in the full enjoyment of the rights privileges and immunities due to such citizenship
Section II
Paragraph I In all prosecutions or indictments for libel the truth may be given in evidence and the jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law and the facts The power of the Judges to grant new trials in case of conviction is preserved
Par II Treason against the State of Georgia shall consist in levying war against her adhering to her enemies giving them aid and comfort No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or confession in open court
Par III No conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate
Par IV All lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets are hereby prohibited and this prohibition shall be enforced by penal laws
Par V Lobbying is declared to be a crime and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par VI The General Assembly shall have the power to provide for the punishment of fraud and shall provide by law for reaching property of the debtor concealed from the creditor
Section III
Paragraph I In cases of necessity private ways may be granted upon just compensation being first paid by the applicant Private property shall not be taken or damaged for public purposes without just and adequate compensation being first paid
Par II No bill of attainer ex post facto law retroactive law or law impairing the obligation of contracts or making irrevocable grant of special privileges or immunities shall be passed
Par III No grant of special privileges or immunities shall be revoked except in such manner as to work no injustice to the corporators or creditors of the incorporation
229
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
Section IV
ayaraPh L Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particuiar case by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
n Legislative acts in violation of this Constitution or the
Constitution of the United States are void and the Judiciary shall so declare them
Section V
Paragraph I The people of this State have the inherent sole and exclusive right of regulating their internal government and the police thereof and of altering and abolishing their Constitution whenever it may be necessary to their safety and happiness
fclp The enumeration of rights herein contained as a part of the Constitution shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent rights which they may have hitherto enjoyed
ARTICLE II Elective Franchise
Section I
Paragraph I After the year 1908 elections by the people shall be by ballot and only those persons shall be allowed to vote who have been first registered in accordance with the requirements of law Acts 1908 p 27 ratified Oct 7th 1908
IL Every citizen of this State who is a citizen of the United States eighteen years old or upwards not laboring under any of the disabilities named in this Article and possessing the qualifications provided by it shall be an elector and entitled to register and vote at any election by the people Provided that no soldier sailor or marine m the military or naval services of the United States shall acquire the rights of an elector by reason of being stationed on duty in this State Acts 1908 pp 27 28 ratified Oct 7th 1908 Acts 1943 pp 3940 ratified August 3 1943
Par III To entitle a person to register and vote at any election by the people he shall have resided in the State one year next preceding the election and in the county in which he offers to vote six months next preceding the election and shall have paid all poll taxes that he may have had an opportunity of paying agreeably to law Such payment must have been made at least six months prior to the election at which he offers to vote except when such elections are held within six months from the expiration of the time fixed by law for the ch taxesj Acts 1908 pp 27 28 ratified Oct 7 1908 Acts 1931 p 102 ratified Nov 8 1932
Art 2 Sec 1 Par 4
Par IV Every male citizen of this State shall be entitled to register as an elector and to vote in all elections in said State who is not disqualified under the provisions of Section II of Article II of this Constitution and who possesses the qualifications prescribed in Paragraphs II and III of this Section or who will possess them at the date of the election occurring next after his registration and who in addition thereto comes within either of the classes provided for in the five following subdivisions of this paragraph
1 All persons who have honorably served in the land or naval forces of the United States in the Revolutionary War or in the War of 1812 or in the War with Mexico or in any War with the Indians or in the War between the States or in the War with Spain or who honorably served in the land or naval forces of the Confederate States or of the State of Georgia in the War between the States or
2 All persons lawfully descended from those embraced in the classes enumerated in the subdivision next above or
3 All persons who are of good character and understand the duties and obligations of citizenship under a republican form of government or
4 All persons who can correctly read in the English language any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State and correctly write the same in the English language when read to them by any one of the registrars and all persons who solely because of physical disability are unable to comply with the above requirements but who can understand and give a reasonable interpretation of any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State that may be read to them by any one of the registrars or
5 Any person who is the owner in good faith in his own right of at least forty acres of land situated in this State upon which he resides or is the owner in good faith in his own right of property situated in this State and assessed for taxation at the value of 500 Acts 1908 pp 27 28 ratified Oct 7th 1908
Par V The right to register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of Paragraph IV shall continue only until January 1st 1915 But the registrars shall prepare a roster of all persons who register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of Paragraph IV and shall return the same to the clerks office of the superior court of their counties and the clerks of the superior court shall send copies of the same to the Secretary of State and it shall be the duty of these officers to record and permanently preserve these rosters Any person who has been once registered under either of the subdivisions 1 or 2 of Paragraph IV shall thereafter be permitted to vote Provided he meets the requirements of Paragraph II and III of this Section Acts 1908 pp 27 29 ratified Oct 7th 1908
Par VI Any person to whom the right of registration is denied by the registrars upon the ground that he lacks the qualifications set forth in the five subdivisions of Paragraph IV shall have the right to take an appeal and any citizen may enter an appeal from the decision of the registrars allowing any person to register under said subdi
231
Art 2 Sec 1 Par 4
visions All appeals must be filed in writing with the registrars within ten days from the date of the decision complained of and shall be returnd by the registrars to the office of the clerk of the superior court 1908 aS ther appeals Acts 1908 pP 27 29 ratified Oct 7th
ar VII Pending an appeal and until the final decision of the ase the judgment of the registrars shall remain in full force Acts 1908 pp 27 30 ratified Oct 7th 1908
Par VIII No person shall be allowed to participate in a primary ot any political party or a convention of any political party in this
Octte7thh1908Ot 3 qUalified voter Acts 1908 PP 27 30 ratified
Par IX The machinery provided by law for the registration of force October 1st 1908 shall be used to carry out the provisions of this Section except where inconsistent with same the legislature may change or amend the registration laws from time to time but no such r amendment shall operate to defeat any of the provisions of this Section Acts 1908 pp 27 30 ratified Oct 7th 1908
Section II
Paragraph I The General Assembly may provide from time to time for the registration of all electors but the following classes of persons shall not be permitted to register vote or hold any office or
SPKtlnfeni of honor or tiust in this State towit 1st Those who shall have been convicted in any court of competent jurisdiction of treason against the State of embezzlement of public funds malfeasance m office bribery or larceny or of any crime involving moral turpitude punishable by the laws of this State with imprisonment in the penitentiary unless such persons shall have been pardoned 2d idiots and insane persons
Section III
Paragraph I Electors shall in all cases except for treason felony larceny and breach of the peace be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections and in going to and returning from the same 6
Section IV
Paragraph I No person who is the holder of any public money contrary to law shall be eligible to any office in this State until the same is accounted for and paid into the Treasury
K Par IL No peJsn woh0 after the adoption of this Constitution being a resident of this State shall have been convicted of fighting a duel m this State or convicted of sending or accepting a challenge or convicted of aiding or abetting such duel shall hold office in this State unless he shall have been pardoned and every such person shall also be subject to such punishment as may be prescribed by law
232
Art 2 Sec 5 Par 1
Section V
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall by law forbid the sale distribution or furnishing of intoxicating drinks within two miles of election precincts on days of electionState county or municipal and prescribe punishment for any violation of the same
Section VI
Paragraph I Returns of election for all civil officers elected by the people who are to be commissioned by the Governor and also for the members of the General Assembly shall be made to the Secretary of State unless otherwise provided by law
ARTICLE III
Legislative Department Section I
Paragraph I The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives
Section II
Paragraph I The Senate shall consist of fiftyone members There shall be fiftyone Senatorial Districts as now arranged by counties Each District shall have one Senator
Par II At present there are 52 Senatorial Districts see following cited Acts and Editorial note
Acts 1918 p 84 and 1918 p 102 ratified Nov 5 1918 1919 p 68 1920 p 34 1920 p 38 1920 p 48 and 1920 p 52 ratified Nov 2 1920 and 1924 p 39 ratified Nov 4 1924 and 1924 p 39 ratified Nov 41924 1937 p 28 ratified June 8 1937
Section III
Paragraph I The House of Representatives shall consist of representatives apportioned among the several counties of the State as such counties are marked and defined and as the same may be hereafter created as follows To the eight counties having the largest population three representatives each to the thirty counties having the next largest population two representatives each and to the remaining counties one representative eaeh including the new counties of Lanier Seminole Brantley Long and Lamar In the event of the ratification of this amendment to the Constitution and in the event of the ratification of the amendments to the Constitution creating the counties of Lanier Seminole and Brantley or either of them the said counties so created shall also be entitled to representation in the General Assembly In the event of a ratification of the amendments creating the counties of Lanier Seminole and Brantley or either of them an election shall be held in such county or counties on the first Tuesday
233
Art 3 Sec 3 Par 1
in January 1921 under the laws now governing similar elections for members of the General Assembly for the election of a member of the General Assembly from said county or counties for the session of 1921 and 1922 Acts 1904 p 48 ratified Oct 5 1904 1908 p 31 ratified Oct 7 1908 1914 p 37 ratified Nov 3 1914 1918 p 87 ratified Nov 5 1918 1920 p 55 ratified Nov 2 1920
Par II The above apportionment shall be changed by the General Assembly at its first session after each census taken by the United States Government so as to give to the six counties having the largest population three Representatives each and the twentysix counties having the next largest population two Representatives each but in no event shall the aggregate number of Representatives be increased
Section IV
Paragraph I The members of the General Assembly shall be fleeted for two years and shall serve until the time fixed by law for the convening of the next General Assembly The provisions of this Paragraph Section and Article shall apply to the terms of the members of the General Assembly who were elected at the general election for members of the General Assembly in the year 1912 Acts 1914 p 45 ratified November 3rd 1914
Par II The first election for members of the General Assembly under this Constitution shall take place on the first Wednesday in December 1877 the second election for the same shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and subsequent elections biennially on that day until the day of election is changed by law
Par III The General Assembly shall meet in regular session on the second Monday in January 1945 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the date shall be changed by law By concurrent resolution adopted by a majority of the members elected to both Houses the General Assembly may adjourn any regular session to such later date as it may fix for reconvening in regular session but shall remain in regular session no longer than seventy 70 days in the aggregate during the term for which the members were elected If it shall adjourn the first regular session before the expiration of seventy 70 days without fixing a date for reconvening the General Assembly shall reconvene in regular session on the second Monday in January of the next year AH business pending in the House or Senate at the adjournment of any regular session may be considered at any later regular session of the same General Assembly as if there had been no adjournment Nothing herein shall be construed to affect the power of the Governor to convoke the General Assembly in extraordinary session or the duty of the Governor to convene the General Assembly in extraordinary session upon the certificate of threefifths of the members elected to the Senate and House of Representatives as provided in Article 5 Section 1 Paragraph 13 of this Constitution If an impeachment trial is pending at the end of any regular or extraordinary session the Senate may continue in session until such trial is completed Acts 1943 pp 5152 ratified August 3 1943
234
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4
Par IV A majority of each house shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each house may provide
Par V Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interests and prosperity of this State
Par VI Length of session See Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3
Par VII No person holding a military commission or other appointment or office having any emolument or compensation annexed thereto under this State or the United States or either of them except Justices of the Peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either house nor shall any Senator or Representative after his qualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without the advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment having any emolument annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected
Par VIII The seat of a member of either house shall be vacated on his removal from the district or county from which he was elected
Section V
Paragraph I The Senators shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age twentyfive years and who shall have been citizens of this State for four years and for one year residents of the district from which elected
Par II The presiding officer of the Senate shall be styled the President of the Senate and shall be elected viva voce from the Senators
Par III The Senate shall have the sole power to try impeachments
Par IV When sitting for that purpose the members shall be on oath or affirmation and shall be presided over by the Chief Justice or the presiding Justice of the Supreme Court Should the Chief Justice be disqualified the Senate shall select the Judge of the Supreme Court to preside no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of twothirds of the members present
Par V Judgments in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor trust or profit within this State but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment trial judgment and punishment according to law
Art 3 Sec 6 Par 1
Section VI
Paragraph I The Representatives shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyone years and who shall have been citizens of this State for two years and for one year residents of the counties from which elected
Par II The presiding officer of the House of Representatives shall be styled the Speaker of the House of Representatives and shall be elected viva voce from the body
Par III The House of Representatives shall have the sole power to impeach all persons who shall have been or may be in office
Section VII
Paragraph I Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Par II Each House may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its presence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either House
Par III The members of both Houses shall be free from arrest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in going thereto or returning therefrom except for treason felony larceny or breach of the peach and no member shall be liable to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either House
Par IV Each House shall keep a Journal of its proceedings and publish it immediately after its adjournment
ar YV The original Journal shall be preserved after publication in tliG office of the Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof
ParY1 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Par VII Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection but the first and second reading of each local bill and bank and railroad charters shall consist of the reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed Acts 18901 p 58 ratified Oct 5 1892
Par VIII No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Par IX The general appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Govern
236
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9
ment payment of the public debt and interest thereon and for support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Par X All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Par XI No money shall be drawn from the Treasury except by appropriation made by law and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditure of all public money be published every three months and also with the laws passed by each session of the General Assembly
Par XII No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each house are recorded
Par XIII All acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either house shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without theconsent of twothirds of the house by which the same was rejected
Par XIV No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance so appear on the Journal
Par XV Local bills
Par XVI No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such act shall be passed
Par XVII No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Par XVIII The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the courts it may confer this authority to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to the judges of the superior courts of this Statein vacation All corporate powers and privileges to banking insurance
007
Zo
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law and if in any event the Secretary of State should be disqualified to act in any case then in that event the legislature shall provide by general laws by what person such charters shall be granted Acts 1891 pp 59 60 ratified Oct 5 1892 1912 p 27 ratified Nov 5 1812
Par XIX The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the propert officer
Par XX The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passenger railway within the limits of any incorporate town or city without the consent of the corporate authorities
Par XXI Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Par XXII The General Assembly shall have power to make all laws and ordinances consistent with this Constitution and not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States which they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of the State
Paragraph XXIII No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Par XXIV Neither house shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Par XXV The General Assembly of the State shall have authority to grant to the governing authorities of the cities of Atlanta Savannah Macon Augusta Columbus LaGrange Brunswick Waycross Albany Athens Rome Darien Dublin Decatur Valdosta Newnan Thomaston and East Thomaston and cities having a nopulation of 25000 or more inhabitants according to the United States census of 1920 or any future census authority to pass zoning and planning laws whereby such cities may be zoned or districted for various uses and other or different uses prohibited therein and regulating the use for which said zones or districts may be set apart and regulating the plans for development and improvement of real estate therein The General Assembly is given general authority to authorize the cities of Atlanta Savannah Macon Augusta Columbus LaGrange Brunswick Waycross Albany Athens Rome Darien Dublin Decatur Valdosta Newnan Thomaston and East Thomaston and cities having
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 25
a population of 25000 or more inhabitants according to the United States census of 1920 or any future census to pass zoning and planning laws Acts 1927 pp 127 128 ratified Nov 6 1928
Par XXVI The General Assembly of the State shall have the authority to grant to the governing authorities of any city or county in this State having a population of 1000 or more according to the Federal census of 1930 or any such future census the authority to pass zoning and planning laws whereby such cities or counties may be zoned or districted for various uses and other or different uses prohibited therein and to regulate the use of which said zones or districts may be set apart and to regulate the plans for development and improvement of real estate therein Acts 1937 p 1135 ratified June 8 1937
Par XXVII Neither the State of Georgia nor any political subdivision thereof shall inaugurate or maintain any civil service scheme pf any nature whatever which fails to provide for honorably discharged veterans of any war and the said State of Georgia or any political subdivision shall if a civil service scheme is originated or is already 4n force shall provide equal preferences accorded to such veterans as now exist under Federal Civil Service Laws Ga Laws 1943 pp 10 ll ratified August 3rd 1943
Section VIII
Paragraph I The officers of the two houses other than the President and Speaker shall be a Secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the Jlouse of Representatives and such assistants as they may appoint but the clerical expenses of the Senate shall not exceed sixty dollars per day for each session nor those of the House of Representatives seventy dollars per day for each session The Secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the House of Representatives shall be required to give bond and security for the faithful discharge of their respective duties
Section IX
Paragraph I Members of the General Assembly shall each receive the sum of 60000 for each full term and a pro rata portion thereof if serving less than a full term of office as compensation for attending regular sessions of the General Assembly For attending extraordinary sessions of the General Assembly the members shall each receive 800 per diem They shall each receive mileage not to exceed ten Cents for each mile travelled by the nearest practicable route in going to and returning from the capital to be paid once for each regular or extraordinary session The President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall each receive 90000 for each full term of office and a pro rata portion thereof if serving less than a full term of office as compensation for attending regular sessions of the General Assembly and 1200 per diem for attending extraordinary sessions of the General Assembly they shall receive the same mileage as other members Ga Laws 1943 pp 30 31 ratified August 3rd 1943
Section X
Paragraph I All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
Section XI
Paragraph I All property of the wife at the time of her marriage and all property given to inherited or acquired by her shall remain her separate property and not be liable for the debts of her husband
Section Xn
Paragraph 1 All life insurance companies now doing business in this State or which may desire to establish agencies and do business in the State of Georgia chartered by other States of the Union or foreign States shall show that they have deposited with the Comptroller General of the State in which they are chartered or of this State the Insurance Commissioner or such other officer as may be authorized to receive it not less than one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by such officer equivalent to cash subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of policyholders
Par II When such showing is made to the Comptroller General of the State of Georgia by a proper certificate from the State official having charge of the funds so deposited the Comptroller General of the State of Georgia is authorized to issue to the company making such showing a license to do business in the State upon paying the fees required by law
Par III All life insurance companies chartered by the State of Georgia or which may hereafter be chartered by the State shall before doing business deposit with the Comptroller General of the State of Georgia or with some strong corporation which may be approved by said Comptroller General one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by him equivalent to cash to be subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of the policyholders of thecompany making such deposit all interest and dividends from such securities to be paid when due to the company so depositing Any such securities as may be needed or desired by the company may be taken from said department at any time by replacing them with other securities equally acceptable to the Comptroller General whose certificate for the same shall be furnished to the company
Par IV The General Assembly shall from time to time enact laws to compel all fire insurance companies doing business in this State whether chartered by this State or otherwise to deposit reasonable securities with the Treasurer of this State to secure the people against loss by the operations of said companies
Art 3 Sec 12 Par 5
Par V The General Assembly shall compel all insurance companies in this State or doing business therein under proper penalties to make semiannual reports to the Governor and print the same at their own expense for the information and protection of the people
ARTICLE IV
Power of the General Assembly Over Taxation Section I
Paragraph I The right of taxation is a sovereign rightinalienable indestructibleis the life of the State and rightfully belongs to the people in all Republican governments and neither the General Assembly nor any nor all other departments of the Government established by this Constitution shall ever have the authority to irrevocably give grant limit or restrain this right and all laws grants contracts and all other acts whatsoever by said government or any department thereof to effect any of these purposes shall be and are hereby declared to be null and void for every purpose whatsoever and said right of taxation shall always be under the complete control of and revocable by the State notwithstanding any gift grant or contract whatsoever by the General Assembly
Section II
Paragraph I The power and authority of regulating railroad freights and passenger tariffs preventing unjust discriminations and requiring reasonable and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs are hereby conferred upon the General Assembly whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time to regulate freight and passenger tariffs to prohibit unjust discriminations on the various railroads of this State and to prohibit said roads from charging other than just and reasonable rates and enforce the same by adequate penalties
Par IL The exercise of the right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the General Assembly from taking the property and franchises of incorporated companies and subjecting them to public use the same as property of individuals and the exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit corporations to conduct their business in such manner as to infringe the equal rights of individuals or the general well being of the state
Par III The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation now existing nor alter or amend the same nor pass any other general or special law for the benefit of said corporation except upon the condition that such corporation shall thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution and every amendment of any charter of any corporation in this State or any special law for its benefit accepted thereby shall operate as a novation of said charter and shall bring the same under the provisions of this Constitution Provided That this section shall
241
Art 4 Sec 2 Par 3
not extend to any amendment for the purpose of allowing any existing road to take stock in or aid in the building of any branch road
Par IV The General Assembly of this State shall have no power to authorize any corporation to buy shares or stock in any other corporation in this State or elsewhere or to make any contract or agreement whatever with any such corporation which may have the effect or be intended to have the effect to defeat or lessen competition or to encourage monopoly and all such contracts and agreements shall be illegal and void
Par V No railroad company shall give or pay any rebate or bonusin the nature thereof directly or indirectly or do any act to mislead or deceive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freights or passage and any such payments shall be illegal and void and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties
Par VI No provision of this article shall be deemed held or taken to impair the obligation of any contract heretofore made by the State of Georgia
Par VII The General Assembly shall enforce the provisions of this article by appropriate legislation
There shall be a Public Service Commission for the regulation of utilities vested with the jurisdiction powers and duties now provided by law or that may hereafter be prescribed by the General Assembly not inconsistent with other provisions of this Constitution Such Commission shall consist of five members who shall be elected by the people A chairman shall be elected by the members of the Commission from one of its members The first Commission under this amendment shall consist of the commissioners in office at he adoption of this constitutional amendment and they shall serve for the terms to which each was elected There after all succeeding terms of members shall be for six years The qualifications compensation filling of vacancies manner and time of election powGS if dutles members of the Commission including the chairman shall be such as are now or may hereafter be provided by the General Assembly Acts 1943 pp 37 38 ratified August 3 1943
ARTICLE V
Executive Department Section I
Paragraph I The officers of the Executive Department shall consist of a Governor Secretary of State Comptroller General and Treasurer
i The executive power shall be vested in a Governor who
shall hold his office during the term of four years and until his successor shall be chosen and qualified After qualifying for a fourvear term he shall not be eligible to be reelected for the next succeeding fouryear term or any part thereof He shall have a salary of seven
242
thousand five hundred dollars per annum until otherwise provided by a law passed by a twothirds vote of both branches of the General Assembly which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected nor shall he receive within that time any other emolument from the United States or either of them or from any foreign power The State officers required by this Constitution to be elected at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor shall also hold office for four years Provided however that the provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to the terms of office of the salary of any official elected at the general election of 1940 Amended by Acts 1941 p 86 ratified June 3 1941
Par III The first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be held on Tuesday after the first Monday in November of 1942 and the Governorelect shall be installed in office at the next session of the General Assembly An election shall take place quadriennially thereafter on said date until another date be fixed by the General Assembly Said election shall be held at the places of holding general elections in the several counties of this State in the manner prescribed for the election of members of the General Assembly and the electors shall be the same Amended by Acts 1941 p 86 ratified June 3 1941
Par IV The returns for every election of Governor shall be sealed up by the managers separately from other returns and directed to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives and transmitted to the Secretary of State who shall without opening said returns cause the same to be laid before the Senate on the day after the two houses shall have been organized and they shall be transmitted by the Senate to the House of Representatives
Par V The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall convene in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives shall open and publish the returns in the presence and under the direction of the General Assembly and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Governor of this State but if no person shall have such majority then from the two persons having the highest number of votes who shall be in life and shall not decline an election at the time appointed for the General Assembly to elect the General Assembly shall immediately elect a Governor viva voce and in all cases of election of a Governor by the General Assembly a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Par VI Contested elections shall be determined by both houses of the General Assembly in such manner as shall be prescribed by law
Par VII No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor who shall not have been a citizen of the United States fifteen years and a citizen of the State six years and who shall not have attained the age of thirty years
Par VIII In case of the death resignation or disability of the Governor the President of the Senate shall exercise the executive
powers of the government until such disability be removed or a successor is elected and qualified And in case of the death resigna tion r disability of the President of the Senate the Speaker othe ouse of Representatives shall exercise the executive powers of the government until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor election and
iQrPir fe The Geer1 Assembly shall have power to provide bv
law for filling unexpired terms by special elections y
IheGrernr sha11 before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation I do solemnly swear
affl as the case may be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and wilf to the best abihty preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof and the Constitution of the United States of America
Par XI The Governor shall be commanderinchief of the armv and navy of this State and of the militia thereof y
Par XII The Governor shall have power to suspend the execu tion of a sentence of death after conviction for offenses alainttX ffdpd 38r ihe State Board f Pardons and Paroles hereinafter proXvfj a11 haIe an PPrtunity of hearing the application of the convicted person for any relief within the power of such Board or for any other purpose which may be deemed necessary by the Governor Upon conviction for treason the Governor may only suspend the excu tion of the sentence and report the case to the GeS AssemWv at the next meeting thereof when the General Assembly shall either nar don commute the sentence direct its execution or grant a furthS reprieve The Governor shall at each session of the General Assem bly communicate to that body each case of suspension of sentenS f the cct the offense fowhkh he was con victed the sentence and its date the date of the reprieve or sus nd the rasons for granting the same He shall take care SaVhe Kg faithfully executed and shall be a conLrvatoi of SPpfeithrUgh0Ut the State There shall be a State Board of Pardons and Paroles composed of three members who shall be appointed bv the Governor and confirmed by the Senate Appointments Sade at times when the Senate is not in session shall be effective ad interim The first members shall be appointed for terms of three five and seven years respectively to be designated by the Governor and all sub sequent appointments shall be for a period of seven yrTlx in case of an unexpired term The Governor shall not be a member of the State Board of Pardons and Paroles The member af tm
penalties6 ramsvedihtiefTlposebyaayreit11 38 sentence ivr any offense against the State 3er
rases of treson or impeachment and except in cases in which the Governor refuses to suspend a sentence of death Provided that such board shall act on all applications within 90 days from the fihng of same and m all cases a majority shall decide the acZi of
244
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 12
the Board Except if any member for any cause is unable to serve in any case involving capital punishment the Governor shall act as the third member of said Board and the action so taken in such instances shall be by unanimous vote The State Board of Pardons and Paroles shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body in full detail each case of pardon parole communication removal of disabilities or remission of sentences granted stating the name of the convict the offense for which he was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the pardon parole communication removal of disabilities or remission of sentence and the reason for granting the same and the State Board of Pardons and Paroles may make rules and regulations as may be authorized by law The first Board of Pardons and Paroles under this provision may be those in office under an Act of the General Assembly creating such a Board existing at the time of the adoption of this amendment which if so existing shall be in lieu of such a Board to be created by the General Assembly subsequent to the adoption of this amendment and which Board shall have all the rights privileges powers and duties the same as if it was so subsequently created and the terms of members of such Board shall date from the time specified in the existing Act of the General Assembly The General Assembly may enact laws in aid of but not inconsistent with this amendment Acts 1943 pp 43 46 ratified August 3 1943
Par XIII He shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate and House of Representatives and shall give the General Assembly from time to time information of the state of the Commonwealth and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expedient He shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions but no law shall be enacted at called sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them
Provided however that when threefifths of the members elected to the House of Representatives and threefifths of the members elected to the Senate shall have certified to the Governor of the State of Georgia that in their opinion an emergency exists in the affairs of the State of Georgia it shall thereupon be the duty of said Governor and mandatory upon him within five days from the receipt of such certificate or certificates to convene said General Assembly in extraordinary session for all purposes and in the event said Governor shall within said time Sundays excluded fail or refuse to convene said General Assembly as aforesaid then and in that event said General Assembly may convene itself in extraordinary session as if convened in regular session for all purposes provided that such extraordinary selfconvened session shall be limited to a period of 30 days unless at the expiration of said period there shall be pending an impeachment trial of some officer of the State Government in which event the General Assembly shall be authorized to remain session until such trial shall have been completed
The members of the General Assembly shall receive the same per diem and mileage during such extraordinary session as is now or may
245
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 13
be hereafter provided Acts 1937 pp 11141115 ratified June 81937
Par XIV When any office shall become vacant by death resignation or otherwise the Governor shall have power to fill such vacancy unless otherwise provided by law and persons so appointed shall continue in office until a successor is commissioned agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution or by law in pursuance thereof
Par XV A person once rejected by the Senate shall not be reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter
Par XVI The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each house may pass a law notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each house
Par XVII Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each house
Par XVIII He may require information in writing from the officers in the Executive Department on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices It shall be the duty of the Governor quarterly and oftener if he deems it expedient to examine under oath the Treasurer and Comptroller General of the State on all matters pertaining to their respective offices and to inspect and review their books and accounts The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of either of said officers from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same
Par XIX The Governor shall have the power to appoint his own secretaries not exceeding two in number and to provide such other clerical force as may be required in his office but the total cost for salaries and clerical force in his office shall not exceed the sum of 10000 and this sum shall not be exceeded either directly or indirectly for any services rendered the Governor in the way of clerical assistance or in any other manner Acts 1918 p 93 ratified November 5 1918
Section II
Paragraph I The Secretary of State Comptroller General and Treasurer shall be elected by the persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor The provisions of the Constitution as to the transmission of the returns of election counting the votes declaring the
246
Art 5 Sec 2 Par 1
result deciding when there is no election and when there is a contested election applicable to the election of Governor shall apply to the election of Secretary of State Comptroller General and Treasurer they shall be commissioned by the Governor and hold their offices for the same time as the Governor
Par II The General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the duties authority and salaries of the Secretary of State Comptroller General and Treasurer and to provide help and expenses necessary for the operation of the department of each Acts 1927 pp 121 122 ratified Nov 6 1928
Par V The Treasurer shall not be allowed directly or indirectly to receive any fee interest or reward from any person bank or corporation for the deposit or use in any manner of the public funds and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par VI No person shall be eligible to the office of Secretary of State Comptroller General or Treasurer unless he shall have been a citizen of the United States for ten years and shall have resided in this state for six years next preceding his election and shall be twentyfive years of age when elected All of said officers slmll give bond and security under regulations to be prescribed by law for the faithful discharge of their duties
Par VII The Secretary of State the Comptroller General and the Treasurer shall not be allowed any fee perquisite or compensation other than their salaries as prescribed by law except their necessary expenses when absent from the Seat of Government on business for the State
Section III
Paragraph I The great seal of the State shall be deposited in the office of the Secretary of State and shall not be affixed to any instrument of writing except by order of the Governor or General Assembly and that now in use shall be the great Seal of the State until otherwise provided by law
Section IV
Paragraph I There is hereby created a State Game and Fish Commission Said Commission shall consist of one member from each Congressional District in this State and one additional member from one of the following named counties to wit Chatham Bryan Liberty McIntosh Glynn or Camden The first members of the Commission shall consist of those in office at the time this Constitution is adopted with terms provided by law Thereafter all succeeding appointments shall be made by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate for a term of seven years from the expiration of the previous term All members of the Commission shall hold office until their successors are appointed and qualified Vacancies in office shall be filled by appointment of the Governor and submitted to the Senate for confirmation at the next session of the General Assembly after the making of the appointment
247
Art 5 Sec 4 Par 1
The Commission shall have such powers authority duties and shall receive such compensation and expenses as may be delegated or provided for by the General Assembly Acts 1943 pp 28 29 ratified August 3 1943
ARTICLE VI
Judiciary Section I
Paragraph I The judicial powers of this State shall be vested in a Supreme Court a Court of Appeals Superior Courts Courts of Ordinary Justices of the Peace Commissioned Notaries Public and such other Courts as have been or may be established by law Acts 1906 p 24 ratified Nov 6th 1906
Section II
Paragraph I The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and five associate justices A majority of the court shall constitute a quorum
Par II When one or more of the judges of the Supreme Court are disqualified from deciding any case by interest or otherwise the qualified Justices shall designate a judge or judges of the Superior Court to preside in said case Acts 1937 p 33 ratified June 8 1937
Par III No Judge of any Court shall preside in any case where the validity of any bond Federal State Corporation or Municipal is involved who holds in his own right or as the representative of others any material interest in the class of bonds upon which the question to be decided arises
Par IV The Chief Justice and Associate Justices shall hold their offices for six years and until their successors are qualified A Successor to the incumbent whose term will soonest expire shall be elected by the General Assembly in eighteen hundred and eighty a successor to the incumbent whose term of office is next in duration shall be elected by the General Assembly in eighteen hundred and eightytwo and a successor to the third encumbent shall be elected by the General Assembly in eighteen hundred and eightyfour but appointments to fill vacancies shall only be for the unexpired term or until such vacancies are filled by elections agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution
Par V The Supreme Court shall have no original jurisdiction but shall be a court alone for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and the city courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases that involve the construction of the Constitution of the State of Georgia or of the United States or of treaties between the United States and foreign governments in all cases in which the constitutionality of any law of the State of Georgia or of the United States is drawn in question and until otherwise
248
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 5
provided by law in all cases respecting title to land in all equity cases in all cases which involve the validity of or the construction of wills in all cases of conviction of a capital felony in all habeas corpus cases in all cases involving extraordinary remedies in all divorce and alimony cases and in all cases certified to it by the Court of Appeals for its determination It shall also be competent for the Supreme Court to require by certiorari or otherwise any case to be certified to the Supreme Court from the Court of Appeals for review and determination with the same power and authority as if the case had been carried by writ of error to the Supreme Court Any case carried to the Supreme Court or to the Court of Appeals which belongs to the class of which the other court has jurisdiction shall until otherwise provided by law be transferred to the other court under such rules as the Supreme Court may prescribe and the cases so transferred shall be heard and determined by the court which has jurisdiction thereof Acts 1906 p 24 ratified Nov 6th 1906 1916 p 19 ratified Nov 7th 1916
Par VI The Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals shall dispose of every case at the term at which it is entered on the courts docket for hearing as provided by Paragraph 9 of this Article and Section or at the next term If the plaintiff in error shall not be prepared to prosecute the case at the term at which it is so entered for hearing unless prevented by providential cause it shall be stricken from the docket and the judgment below shall stand affirmed No writ of error shall be dismissed because of delay in transmission of the bill of exceptions and the copy of the record or either of them resulting from the default of the clerk or other cause unless it shall appear that the plaintiff in error or his counsel caused such delay Nothing herein shall be construed to excuse the clerk for any omission of duty or to relieve him of any liability consequent thereof Acts 1943 p 23 ratified August 3rd 1943
Par VII In any case the Court may in its discretion withhold its judgment until the next term after the same is argued
Par VIII The Supreme Court shall hereafter consist of a Chief Justice and five associate Justices The court shall have power to hear and determine cases when sitting either in a body or in two divisions of three judges each under such regulations as may be prescribed by the General Assembly A majority of either division shall constitute a quorum for that division The Chief Justice and the associate Justices of the Supreme Court shall hereafter be elected by the people at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor and the Statehouse officers are elected except that the first election under this amendment shall be held on the third Wednesday in December 1896 at which time one associate Justice shall be elected for a full term of six years to fill the vacancy occurring on January first 1897 by the expiration of the term of one of the present incumbents and three additional associate Justices shall be elected for terms expiring respectively January 1st 1899 January 1st 1901 and January 1st 1903 The persons elected as additional associate Justices shall among themselves determine by lot which of the three lastmentioned terms
249
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 8
each shall have and they shall be commissioned accordingly After said first election all terms except unexpired terms shall be for six years each In case of any vacancy which causes an unexpired term the same shall be filled by executive appointment and the person appointed by the Governor shall hold his office until the next regular election and until his successor for the balance of the unexpired term shall have been elected and qualified The returns of said special election shall be made to the Secretary of State Acts 1895 p 15 ratified Oct 7th 1896
Par IX The Court of Appeals shall consist of the Judges provided therefor by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment and of such additional Judges as the General Assembly shall from time to time prescribe All terms of the Judges of the Court of Appeals after the expiration of the terms of the Judges provided for by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment except unexpired terms shall continue six years and until their successors are qualified The times and manner of electing Judges and the mode of filling a vacancy which causes an unexpired term shall be the same as are or may be provided for by the laws relating to the election and appointment of Justices of the Supreme Court The Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and from the city courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases in which such jurisdiction has not been conferred by this Constitution upon the Supreme Court and in such other cases as may hereafter be prescribed by law except that where a case is pending in the Court of Appeals and the Court of Appeals desires instruction from the Supreme Court it may certify the same to the Supreme Court and thereupon a transcript of the record shall be transmitted to the Supreme Court which after having afforded to the parties an opportunity to be heard thereon shall instruct the Court of Appeals on the question so certified and the Court of Appeals shall be bound by the instructions so given But if by reason of equal division of opinion among the Justices of the Supreme Court no such instruction is given the Court of Appeals may decide the question The manner of certifying questions to the Supreme Court by the Court of Appeals and the subsequent proceedings in regard to the same in the Supreme Court shall be as the Supreme 3ourt shall by its rules prescribe until otherwise provided by law No affirmance of the judgment of the court below in cases pending in the Court of Appeals shall result from delay in disposing of questions or cases certified from the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court or as to which such certificate has been required by the Supreme Court as hereinbefore provided All writs of error in the Supreme Court or the Court of Appeals when received by its clerk during a term of the Court and before the docket of the term is by order of the Court closed shall be entered thereon and when received at any other time shall be entered on the docket of the next term and they shall stand for hearing at the term for which they are so entered under such rules as the Court may prescribe until otherwise provided by law The Court of Appeals shall appoint a clerk and a
250
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 9
sheriff of the Court The reporter of the Supreme Court shall be reporter of the Court of Appeals until otherwise provided by law The laws relating to the Supreme Court as to qualifications and salaries of Judges the designation of other Judges to preside when members of the Court are disqualified the powers duties salaries fees and terms of officers the mode of carrying cases to the Court the powers practice procedure times of sitting and costs of the Court the publication of reports of cases decided therein and in all other respects except as otherwise provided in this Constitution or by the laws as to the Court of Appeals at the time of the ratification of this amendment and until otherwise provided by law shall apply to the Court of Appeals so far as they can be made to apply The decisions of the Supreme Court shall bind the Court of Appeals as precedents Acts 1906 p 24 ratified Nov 6th 1906 1916 pp 19 20 ratified Nov 7th 1916
Section III
Paragraph I There shall be a Judge of the Superior Courts for each Judicial circuit whose term of office shall be Tour years and until his successor is qualified He may act in other circuits when authorized by law The legislature shall have authority to add one or more additional judges of the superior court for any judicial circuit in this State and shall have authority to regulate the manner in which the judges of such circuits shall dispose of the business thereof and shall fix the time at which the term or terms of office of such additional judge or judges shall begin and the manner of his appointment or election and shall have authority from time to time to add to the number of such judges in any judicial circuit or to reduce the number of judges in any judicial circuit Provided that at all times there shall be at least one judge in every judicial circuit of this State Acts 1905 p 66 ratified Oct 3d 1906
Par II The succossors to the present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly of the whole State at the general election held for such members next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years Acts 1897 p 16 ratified Oct 5th 1898
Par III The terms of the judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their elections Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointments of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the Expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected Acts 1897 p 16 ratified Oct 5th 1898
Art 6 Sec 4 Par 1
Section IV
Paragraph I The Superior Courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction in cases of divorce in criminal cases where the offender is subjected to loss of life or confinement in the penitentiary in cases respecting titles to land and equity cases
Par II The General Assembly may confer upon the Courts of common law all the powers heretofore exercised by Courts of equity in this State
Par III Said Courts shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases except as hereinafter provided
Par IV They shall have appellate jurisdiction in all such cases as may be provided by law
Par V They shall have power to correct errors in inferior judicatories by writ of certiorari which shall only issue on the sanction of the Judge and said Courts and the judges thereof shall have power to issue writs of mandamus prohibition scire facias and all other writs that may be necessary for carrying their powers fully into effect and shall have such other powers as are or may be conferred on them by law
Par VI The General Assembly may provide for an appeal from one jury in the Superior and City Courts to another and the said Courts may grant new trials on legal grounds
Par VII The Court shall render judgment without the verdict of a jury in all civil cases founded on unconditional contracts in writing where an issuable defense is not filed under oath or affirmation
Par VIII The Superior courts shall sit in each county not less than twice in each year at such times as have been or may be appointed by law The judges of said courts may on reasonable notice to the parties at any time in vacation at chambers hear and determine by interlocutory or final judgment any matter or issue where a jury verdict is not required or may be waived Acts 1939 p 78 ratified June 6 1939
Par IX The General Assembly may provide by law for the appointment of some proper person to preside in cases where the presiding judge is from any cause disqualified
Section V
Paragraph I In any county within which there is or hereafter may be a city Court the judge of said Court and of the Superior Court may preside in the Courts of each other in cases where the judge of either Court is disqualified to preside
Section VI
Paragraph 1 The powers of a Court of Ordinary and of Probate shall be vested in an Ordinary for each county from whose decision
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there may be an appeal or by consent of parties without a decision to the Superior Court under regulations prescribed by law
Par II The Courts of Ordinary shall have such powers in relation to roads bridges ferries public buildings paupers county officers county funds county taxes and other County matters as may be conferred on them by law
The court of ordinary shall have jurisdiction to issue warrants try cases and impose sentence thereon in all misdemeanor cases arising under the Act known as the Georgia State Highway Patrol Act of 1937 and other traffic laws of the State in all counties of this State in which there is no city or county court provided the defendant waives a jury trial Like jurisdiction is also conferred upon the judges of the police courts of incorporated cities and municipal court judges for offenses arising within their respective jurisdiction Acts 1937 p 1117 ratified June 8 1937
Par III The Ordinary shall hold hisoffice for the term of four years and until his successor is elected and qualified
Section VII
Paragraph I There shall be in each militia district one justice of the peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be four years Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and of notary public exofficio justice of the peace in any city of this State having a population of over twenty thousand and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subjectmatter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or subjectmatter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together with such provision as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the superior court or Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph I of Section IX of Article VI of the Constitution of Georgia Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and notary public exofficio justice of the peace in any county in this State having within its borders a city having a population of over twenty thousand and as well in the County of Glynn and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary or conferring upon existing courts by extension of their jurisdiction the jurisdiction as to subjectmatter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and
253
Art 6 Sec 7 Par 1
notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such addifional jurisdiction either as to amount or to subjectmatter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together also with such provisions as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the superior court or the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize The municipal court of Atlanta shall have jurisdiction in Fulton county and outside the city limits of Atlanta either concurrently with or supplemental to or in lieu of justice courts as may be now or hereafter provided by law Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section IX of Article VI of the Constitution of Georgia 23701 Acts 1912 p 30 ratified Oct 2 1912 1914 p 39 ratified Nov 3 1914 1927 pp 117 119 ratified Nov 6 1928 1931 p 1051 ratified Nov 8 1932 1943 p 33 ratified Aug 3 1943
Par p Justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction in all Civil Cases arising ex contractu and in cases of injury or damage to personal property when the principal sum does not exceed two hundred dollars and shall sit monthly at fixed times and places but in all cases there may be an appeal to a jury in said court or an appeal to the superior court under such regulation as may be prescribed by law Amended by Acts 1941 p 119 ratified June 3 1941
Par III Justices of the Peace shall be elected by the legal voters in their respective districts and shall be Commissioned by the Governor They shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section VIII
Paragraph I Commissioned Notaries Public not to exceed one for each militia district may be appointed by the Judges of Superior Courts in their respective circuits upon recommendation of the grand juries of the several Counties They shall be commissioned by the Governor for the term of four years and shall be exofficio Justices of the Peace and shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section IX
Paragraph I The jurisdiction powers proceedings and practice of all Courts or officers invested with judicial powers except City Courts of the same grade or class so far as regulated by law and the forceand effect of the process judgment and decree by such Courts severally shall be uniform This uniformity must be established by the General Assembly
Section X
Paragraph I There shall be an Attorney General of this State who shall be elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor
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Art 6 Sec 10 Par 2
ParIt shall be the duty of the Attorney General to act as the legal adviser of the Executive Department to represent the State in the Supreme Court in all Capital felonies and in all Civil and Criminal Cases in any Court when required by the Governor and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XI
Z Paragraph I There shall be a solicitor general for each judicial circuit whose official term except to fill a vacancy shall be four years The successors of present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the whole State qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other cause shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of 30 days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years Acts 1897 p 16 ratified Oct 5th 1898
Par II It shall be the duty of the Solicitor General to represent the State in all cases in the Superior Courts of his Circuit and in all cases taken up from his Circuit to the Supreme Court and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XII
Paragraph I Judges elected by General Assembly vacancies
Section XIII
Paragraph I The Justices of the Supreme Court each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 7000 per annum the Judges of the Court of Appeals each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 7000 per annum the judges of the superior courts each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 5000 per annum the Attorney General shall have a salary not to exceed 2000 per annum and the solicitors general each shall have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the Attorney General shall not have any fee or perquisite in any case arising after the adoption of this Constitution Acts 1910 p 42 ratified Oct 5 1910 1913 p 30 ratified Nov 3 1914 1916 p 22 ratified Nov 7 1916 1917 p 36 ratified Nov 5 1918 1918 p 94 ratified Nov 5 1918 1920 p 20 ratified Nov 2 1920 1922 pp 24 26 ratified Nov 7 1922 1925 p 70 ratified Nov 2 1926 1927 p Ill ratified Nov 6 1928
Par II The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but ho such change shall affect the offi
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cers then in commission Provided however that the General Assembly shall have power at any time by a majority vote of each branch to abolish the fees at present accruing to the office of solicitor general in any particular judicial circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe a salary for such office in addition to the salary prescribed in paragraph I of this Section and without regard to the uniformity of such salaries in the various circuits and shall have the further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of solicitor general in any such judicial circuit where the fees are abolished Acts 1916 p 24 ratified Nov 7th 1916
Section XIV
Paragraph I No person shall be Judge of the Supreme or Superior Courts or Attorney General unless at the time of his election he shall have attained the age of thirty years and shall have been a citizen of the State three years and have practiced law for seven years and no person shall be hereafter elected Solicitor General unless at the time of his election he shall have attained twentyfive years of age shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and shall have practiced law for three years next preceding his election
Section XV
Paragraph I No total divorce shall be granted except on the concurrent verdicts of two Juries at different terms of the Court
Par II When a divorce is granted the Jury rendering the final verdict shall determine the rights and disabilities of the parties
Section XVI
Paragraph I Divorce cases shall be brought in the county where the defendant resides if a resident of this State if the defendant be not a resident of this State then in the county in which theplantiff resides provided that any person who has been a resident of any United States Army Post or Military Reservation within the State of Georgia for one year next preceding the filing of the petition may bring an action for divorce in any county adjacent to said United States Army Post or Military Reservation Acts 1943 p 68 ratified August 3rd 1943
Par II Cases respecting title to land shall be tried in the county where the land lies except where a single tract is divided by a county line in which case the Superior Court of either county shall have jurisdiction
Par III Equity cases shall be tried in the county where a defendant resides against whom substantial relief is prayed
Par IV Suits against Joint obligors Joint promissors copartners or joint treaspassers residing in different counties may be tried in either county
Art 6 Sec 16 Par 5
Par V Suits against the maker and endorser of promissory notes or drawer acceptor and endorser of foreign or inland bills of exchange or like instruments residing in different counties shall be brought in the county where the maker or acceptor resides
Par VI All other civil cases shall be tried in the county where the defendant resides and all criminal cases shall be tried in the county where the crime was committed except cases in the Superior Courts where the Judge is satisfied that an impartial jury cannot be obtained in such county
Section XVII
Paragraph I The power to change the venue in civil and criminal cases shall be vested in the Superior Courts to be exercised in such manner as has been or shall be provided by law
Section XVIII
Paragraph I The right of trial by jury except where it is otherwise provided in this Constitution shall remain inviolate but the General Assembly may prescribe any number not less than five to constitute a trial or traverse jury except in the Superior and City Courts
Par II The General Assembly shall provide by law for the selection of the most experienced intelligent and upright men to serve as grand jurors and intelligent and upright men to serve as traverse jurors Nevertheless the grand jurors shall be competent to serve as traverse jurors
Par III It shall be the duty of the General Assembly by general laws to prescribe the manner of fixing compensation of jurors in all counties in this State
Section XIX
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have power to provide for the creation of county commissioners in such counties as may require them and to define their duties
Section XX
Paragraph I All courts not specially mentioned by name in the first section of this article may be abolished in any county at the discretion of the General Assembly
Section XXI
Paragraph I The costs in the Supreme Court shall not exceed ten dollars until otherwise provided by law Plaintiffs in error shall not be required to pay costs in said Court when the usual pauper oath is filed in the Court below
Art 7 Sec 1 Par 1
ARTICLE VII
Finance Taxation and Public Debt
Section I
Paragraph I The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only
For the support of the State Government and the public institutions
For educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only
To pay the interest on the public debt
To pay the principal of the public debt
To suppress insurrection to repel invasion and defend the State in time of war
To supply the soldiers who lost a limb or limbs in the military service of the Confederate States with substantial artificial limbs during life and make suitable provisions for such Confederate soldiers as may have been otherwise disabled or permanently injured in such service or who may by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty be unable to provide a living for themselves and for the widows of such Confederate soldiers as may have died in the service of the Confederate States or since from wounds received therein or disease contracted in the service or who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselves Provided that the Act shall only apply to such widows as were married at the time of such service and have remained unmarried since the death of such soldier husband
To make provisions for the payment of pensions to any exConfederate soldier residing in this State January 1 1920 who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States during the Civil War between the States of the United States and who performed actual military service in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State and was honorably discharged therefrom and to widows now residents of this State of exConfederate soldiers who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States and who performed actual service in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State who died in said military service or were honorably discharged therefrom who were married prior to January 1 1920 No widow of a soldier killed during the war shall be deprived of her pension by reason of having subsequently married another veteran who is dead unless she is receiving pension on account of being the widow of such second husband Any soldier doing service in the Confederate army whether he belonged to the Confederate army or whether he belonged to the militia of any Confederate State and served with the Confederate army shall be eligible to draw a pension
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Art 7 Sec 1 Par 1
To construct and maintain a system of State Highways
To authorize the levy of taxes for and to make provision for the payment of oldage assistance to aged persons in need and for the payment of assistance to the needy blind and to dependent children and other welfare benefits provided that no person shall be entitled to the assistance herein authorized who does not qualify for such provisions in every respect in accordance with enactments of the General Assembly which may be in force and effect prescribing the qualifications for beneficiaries hereunder Provided no indebtedness against the State shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under Acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder
To advertise and promote the agricultural industrial historic recreational and natural resources facilities and assets of the State of Georgia through any office or agency which may be created or designated by the General Assembly to carry out said purposes Acts 18845 p 37 ratified Oct 6 1886 18889 p 39 ratified Oct 1 1890 1893 p 19 ratified Oct 3 1894 1899 p 19 ratified Oct 9 1900 1908 p 34 jratified Oct 7 1908 1918 p 96 ratified Nov 5 1918 1918 p 98 ratified Nov 5 1918 1920 p 23 ratified Nov 2 1920 1926 Extra Sess p 33 ratified Nov 2 1926 1937 p 1118 ratified June 8 1937 1937 p 1126 ratified June 8 1937 1941 p 16 ratified June 3 1941
To authorize the levy of taxes for and to make provision for the payment of benefits and other cost under a teachers retirement system of Georgia provided that no person shall be entitled to the benefits herein authorized who does not qualify for such provisions in every respect in accordance with enactments of the General Assembly which may be in force and effect prescribing the qualifications for beneficiaries hereunder provided no indebtedness against the State shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under Acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder Acts 1943 p 62 ratified Aug 3 1943
Par II The levy of taxes on property for any one year by the General Assembly for all purposes except to provide for repelling invasion suppressing insurrection or defending the State in time of war shall not exceed five mills on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in the State Acts 1903 p 21 ratified Oct 5th 1904
Section II
Paragraph I All taxes shall be levied and collected under general laws and for public purposes only All taxation shall be uniform upon the same class of subjects within the territorial limits of the authority levying the tax Classes of subjects for taxation of property shall consist of tangible property and one or more classes of intangible personal property including money The General Assembly shall have the power to classify property including money for taxation and to
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Art 7 Sec 2 Par 1
adopt different rates and different methods for different classes of such property Acts 1937 p 39 ratified June 8 1937
Par II The General Assembly may by law exempt from taxation all public property places of religious worship or burial all institutions of purely public charity all buildings erected for and used as a college incorporated academy or other seminary of learning and also all funds or property held or used as endowment by such colleges incorporated acadmies or seminaries of learning provided the same is not invested in real estate and provided further that said exemption shall only apply to such colleges incorporated academies or other seminaries of learning as are open to the general public provided further that all endowments to institutions established for white people shall be limited to white people and all endowments to institutions established for colored people shall be limited to colored people the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other such literary association used by or connected with such library all books and philosophical apparatus and all paintings and statuary of any company or association kept in a public hall and not held as merchandise or for purposes of sale or gain provided the property so exempted be not used for purposes of private or corporate profit and income The General Assembly shall further have power to exempt from taxation farm products including baled cotton grown in this State and remaining in the hands of the producer but no longer than for the year next after their production
There is hereby exempted of owners beginning January 1 1938 from all ad valorem taxation State county municipal and school district all clothing household and kitchen furniture and all other personal property except as hereafter excepted not to exceed 300 in actual value Provided the person or persons herein entitled to exemption shall register such exemption of personalty giving a full description thereof upon such forms terms and manner as shall be prescribed by the General Assembly of Georgia Provided further that the value of the property in excess of said exempted personal property shall be subject to taxation as now or hereafter provided by law The words personal property or personalty wherever used in this bill shall be defined as personal property used and included solely within the home domestic animals tools and implements of trade of manual laborers This exemption shall not include motor vehicles
There is hereby exempted from all taxation State county municipal school district and political or territorial subdivision of the State having the authority to levy taxes all cooperative nonprofit membership corporations organized under the laws of this State for the purpose of engaging in rural electrification as defined in subsection 1 of Section 3 of the Act approved March 30 1937 Section 34A103 providing for their incorporation and all of the real and personal property owned or held by such corporations for such purposes The exemption herein provided for shall expire twenty years from January 1 1942
There shall be exempt from all ad valorem intangibles taxes in this
260
State the common voting stock of a subsidiary corporation not doing business in this state if at least ninety per cent of such common voting stock is owned by a Georgia corporation with its principal place of business located in this State and was acquired or is held for the purpose of enabling the parent company to carry on some part of its established line of business through such subsidiary Acts 1912 p 36 ratified Nov 5 1912 1917 p 39 ratified Nov 5 1918 1937 p 38 ratified June 8 1937 Acts 1941 p 84 ratified June 3 1941 Acts 1943p 60 ratified August 3 1943
Par Ila Any person natural or artificial a resident of this State who may after January 1st 1924 build equip establish or enlarge a plant for tie manufacture or processing or cotton wool linen silk rubber clay wood metal metallic or nonmetallic mineral or combination of same creamery or cheese plant or for the production or development of electricity may as to such building enlargement or equipment be exempt from all county incorporated town or city ad valorem taxes for a period of time not exceeding five years from the date of the beginning of the building enlargement or equipment of such plants The legislature is herewith empowered to make provisions for the operation of this paragraph by appropriate legislation provided such exemptions shall be approved by a majority of the electors voting in such county incorporated town or city proposing said exemption Acts 1923 Extra Sess p 67 ratified Nov 4 1924
Par III No poll tax shall be levied except for educational purposes and such tax shall not exceed one dollar annually upon each poll
Par IV All laws exempting property from taxation other than the property herein enumerated shall be void
Par V The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall not be surrendered or suspended by any contract or grant to which the State shall be a party
Par VI All persons or classes of persons who were by laws of force January 1st 1911 required to make returns for taxation to the Comptroller General and all who may hereafter be so required shall on or before the first day of March of each year make such returns as of date of January 1st of that year and shall pay the taxes arising on such returns in favor of the State on or before the first of September of the same year anything heretofore contained in the Constitution or laws of Georgia to the contrary notwithstanding The laws of force on said date governing such returns and payments and the collection and enforcement thereof shall remain in force as applicable to the returns and payments herein required until the same shall be changed by law The General Assembly shall have power to make or alter all laws that may be necessary or proper for enforcing the provisions of this paragraph Acts 1911 p 51 ratified Oct 2 1912
Par VII Beginning January 1 1938 there shall be exempted from all ad valorem taxation for State county and school purposes the homestead of each resident of this State actually occupied by the
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 7
owner as a residence and homestead to the value of 2000 and only so long as actually occupied by the owner primarily as such with the exception of taxation to pay interest on and retire bonded indebtedness Such value to be determined in such manner and according to such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by law The General Assembly may from time to time as the condition of fiscal affairs of the State counties or schools may warrant lower said exemption to not less than 1250 Acts 1937 p 1122 ratified June 8 1937
Section III
Paragraph I No debt shall be contracted by or on behalf of the State except to supply such temporary deficit as may exist in the treasury in any year from necessary delay in collecting the taxes of that year to repel invasion suppress insurrection and defend the State in time of war or to pay the existing public debt but the debt created to supply deficiencies in revenue shall not exceed in the aggregate five hundred thousand dollars and any loan made for this purpose shall be repaid out of the taxes levied for the year in which the loan is made However said debt may be increased in the sum of three million five hundred thousand dollars for the payment of the publicschool teachers of the State only The principal amount borrowed for payment of teachers to be repaid each year out of the common school appropriation and the interest paid thereon to be paid each year out of the general funds of the state Acts 1911 p 49 ratified Oct 2 1912 1926 Extra Sess p 31 ratified Nov 2 1926
Section IV
Paragraph I All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by or on behalf of the State shall specify the purpose for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purpose specified and for no other
Section V
Paragraph I The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual company corporation or association and the State shall not become a joint owner or stockholder in any company association or corporation
Section VI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not authorize any county municipal corporation or political division of this State to become a stockholder in any company corporation or association or to appropriate money for or to loan its credit to any corporation company association institution or individual except for purely charitable purposes This restriction shall not operate to prevent the support of schools by municipal corporations within their respective limits provided that if any municipal corporation shall offer to the State any property for locating or building a capital and the State accepts such offer the corporation may comply with such offer
Art 7 Sec 6 Par 2
Par II The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose except for educational purposes to build and repair the public buildings and bridges to maintain and support prisoners to pay sheriffs and coroners and for litigation quarantine roads and expenses of courts to support paupers and pay debts heretofore existing to pay the county police and to provide for necessary sanitation and for the collection and preservation of records of birth death diseases and health and to pay county agricultural and home demonstration agents to provide for fire protection of forest lands and for the further conservation of natural resources to provide for payment of old age assistance to aged persons in need and for the payment of assistance to the needy blind and to dependent children and other welfare benefits provided that no person shall be entitled to the assistance herein authorized who does not qualify for such assistance in every respect in accordance with enactments of the General Assembly which may be in force and effect prescribing the qualifications for beneficiaries hereunder Acts 1908 p 33 ratified Oct 71908 1910 p 45 ratified Oct 51910 1926 Extra Sess p 30 ratified Nov 2 1926 1937 pp 1124 1128 ratified June 8 1937 193738 Ex Sess pp 28 29 ratified Nov 8 1938
Par III a Any city town municipality or county of this State may contract for any period not exceeding thirty years with each other or with any public agency public corporation or authority now or hereafter created for the use by such subdivisions or the residents thereof of any facilities or services of any such city town municipality county public agency public corporation or authority provided such contracts shall deal with such activities and transactions as such subdivisions are by law authorized to undertake
b Any city town municipality or county of this State is empowered in connection with any contracts authorized by the preceding paragraph to convey to any public agency public corporation or authority now or hereafter created existing facilities operated by such city town municipality or county for the benefit of residents of such subdivisions provided the land buildings and equipment so conveyed shall not be mortgaged or pledged to secure obligations of any such public agency public corporation or authority and provided such facilities are to be maintained and operated by such public agency public corporation or authority for the same purposes for which such facilities were operated by such city town municipality or county Nothing in this section shall restrict the pledging of revenues of such facilities by any public agency public corporation or authority
c Any city town municipality or county of this State or any combination of the same may contract with any public agency public corporation or authority for the care maintenance and hospitalization of its indigent sick and may as a part of such contract obligate itself to pay for the cost of acquisition construction modernization or repairs of necessary buildings and facilities by such public agency public corporation or authority and provide for the payment of such services and the cost to such public agency public corporation or au
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Art 7 Sec 6 Par 3c
thority of acquisition construction modernization or repair of buildings and facilities from revenues realized by such city town municipality or county from any taxes authorized by the Constitution of this State or revenues derived from any other sources Acts 1941 p 50 ratified June 3 1941
Section VII
Paragraph I The debt hereafter incurred by any county municipal corporation or political division of this State except as in this Constitution provided for shall never exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein and no such county municipality or division shall incur any new debt except for a temporary loan or loans to supply casual deficiencies of revenue not to exceed onefifth of one per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property therein without the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters thereof voting at an election for that purpose to be held as prescribed by law Provided said twothirds so voting shall be a majority of the registered voters and provided further that all laws charter provisions and ordinances heretofore passed or enacted providing special registration of the voters of counties municipal corporations and other political divisions of this State to pass upon the issuance of bonds by such counties municipal corporations and other political divisions are hereby declared to be null and void and the General Assembly shall hereafter have no power to pass or enact any law providing for such special registration but the validity of any and all bond issues by such counties municipal corporations or other political divisions made prior to January 1st 1918 shall not be affected hereby But any city the debt of which does not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property at the time of the adoption of this Constitution may be authorized by law to increase at any time the amount of said debt three per centum upon such assessed valuation Acts 1918 pp 99 199 ratified Nov 5 1918
Provided further that revenue anticipation obligations may be issued by any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of this State to provide funds for the construction in whole or in part of any revenueproducing facility which such county municipal corporation or political subdivision is authorized by the Act of the General Assembly approved March 31 1937 known as the Revenue Certificate Laws of 1937 as amended by the Act approved March 14 1939 to construct and operate or to provide funds to extend repair or improve any such existing facility Such revenue anticipation obligations shall be payable as to principal and interest only from revenue produced by revenueproducing facilities of the issuing political subdivision and shall not be deemed debts of or to create debts against the issuing political subdivision within the meaning of this paragraph or any other of this Constitution This proviso shall apply only to revenue anticipation obligations issued to provide funds for the construction extension repair or improvement of such facilities and undertakings as are specifically authorized and enumerated by said Act of 1937 as amended by said Act of 1939 and no such issuing political subdivision of the State shall exercise the power of taxation
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for the purpose of paying the principal or interest of any such revenue anticipation obligations or any part thereof Acts 1943 pp 47 48 ratified August 3 1943
Par II Any county municipal corporation or political division of this State which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this Constitution shall at or before the time of so doing provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebtedness
Section VIII
Paragraph I The State shall not assume the debt nor any part thereof of any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of the State unless such debt be contracted to enable the State to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of war Provided however that all indebtedness of the several counties of this State as well as that of the Coastal Highway District and the assessments made against the counties of said district heretofore incurred for the construction andor paving of the public roads or highways including bridges of the State as contemplated and defined by article six section one of the Act approved August 18 1919 as said section appears on page 252 of the Georgia Laws of 1919 which were a part of the State aid roads of the highway system of Georgia and said work was done under the supervision of the Highway Department is hereby assumed by the State of Georgia as an indebtedness of the State The word indebtedness as used herein shall include the actual cost of the construction andor paving by any county of the State as well as any highway district created by law of any public road or highway also bridges expended under the supervision of the State Highway Department And provided further that the indebtedness of the aforesaid political subdivisions of this State shall be evidenced by certificates of indebtedness issued or to be issued by the State Highway Department of Georgia for the cost of the construction andor paving by any county of the State as well as any highway district created by law of any public road or highway also bridges and provided further that such construction andor paving was done or contract or agreement made for same to be done prior to September 1 1931 And provided further that said indebtedness as evidenced by said certificates of indebtedness of the Highway Department shall be paid without interest thereon solely out of the revenues andor taxes levied assessed and allocated to the State Highway Department of Georgia or to any department which by law may be the successor of the Highway Department for the public roads and highways of the State aid system of roads and highways and such payment to be made at the rate of not less than ten per cent per annuna of the total of such outstanding indebtedness and such payment to begin March 25 1936 and to continue annually thereafter until all of such outstanding indebtedness shall have been paid The General Assembly of the State of Georgia is hereby vested with authority to enact laws for the purpose of effectually carrying out the foregoing provisions and the provisions of existing laws with reference to the preferential construction
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Art 7 Sec 8 Par 1
by the Highway Department of highways from county site to county site Acts 1931 p 97 ratified Nov 8 1932
Section IX
Paragraph I The receiving directly or indirectly by any officer of State or county or member or officer of the General Assembly of any interest profits or perquisites arising from the use or loan of public funds in his hands or moneys to be raised through his agency for State or county purposes shall be deemed a felony and punishable as may be prescribed by law a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office
Section X
Paragraph I Municipal corporations shall not incur any debt until provision therefor shall have been made by the municipal Government
Section XI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money either directly or indirectly to pay the whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds or other obligations which have been pronounced illegal null and void by the General Assembly and the Constitutional amendments ratified by a vote of the people on the first day of May 1877 nor shall the General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created by the State under laws passed during the late war between the States nor any of the bonds notes or obligations made and entered into during the existence of said war the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the United States and the Confederate States nor shall the General Assembly pass any law or the Governor or other State official enter into any contract or agreement whereby the State shall be made a party to any suit in any court of this State or of the United States instituted to test the validity of any such bonds or obligation
Section XII
Paragraph I The bonded debt of the State shall never be increased except to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend the State in time of war
Section XIII
Paragraph I The proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Macon and Brunswick or other railroads held by the State and any other property owned by the State whenever the General Assembly may authorize the sale of the whole or any part thereof shall be applied to the payment of the bonded debt of the State andshall not be used for any other purpose whatever so long as the State has anv existing bonded debt provided that the proceeds of the sale of the
266
Art 7 Sec 13 Par 1
Western and Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which said railroad has been mortgaged in preference to all other bonds
Section XIV
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each year in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses and interest on the public debt the sum of one hundred thousand dollars which shall be held as a sinking fund to pay off and retire the bonds of the State which have not yet matured and shall be applied to no other purpose whatever If the bonds cannot at any time be purchased at or below par then the sinking fund herein provided for may be loaned by the Governor and Treasurer of the State provided the security which shall be demanded for said loan shall consist only of the valid bonds of the State but this section shall not take effect until the eight per cent currency bonds issued under the Act of February the 19th 1873 shall have been paid
Section XV
Paragraph I The Comptroller General and Treasurer shall each make to the Governor a quarterly report of the financial condition of the State which report shall include a statement of the assets liabilities and income of the State and expenditures therefor for the three months preceding and it shall be the duty of the Governor to carefully examine the same by himself or through competent persons connected with his department and cause an abstract thereof to be published for the information of the people which abstract shall be endorsed by him as having been examined
Section XVI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not by vote resolution or order grant any donation or gratuity in favor of any person corporation or association
Par II The General Assembly shall not grant or authorize extra compensation to any public officer agent or contractor after the service has been rendered or the contract entered into
Section XVII
Paragraph I The office of the State Printer shall cease with the expiration of the term of the present incumbent and the General Assembly shall provide by law for letting the public printing to the lowest responsible bidder or bidders who shall give adequate and satisfactory security for the faithful performance thereof No member of the General Assembly or other public officer shall be interested either directly or indirectly in any such contract
Section XVIII
Paragraph I The powers of taxation may be exercised by the
Art 7 Sec 18 Par 1
State through the General Assembly and by counties and municipalities for the purpose of paying pensions and other benefits and costs under a teacher retirement system or systems provided no indebtedness against the State shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder Acts 1943 p 64 ratified August 3 1943
ARTICLE VIII
Education Section I
Paragraph I There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of children as nearly uniform as practicable the expenses of which shall be provided for by taxation or otherwise The schools shall be free to all children of the State but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races Acts 1911 n 46 ratified Oct 2 1912
Section II
Paragraph I There shall be a State School Superintendent elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor who shall hold his office until his successor is elected and qualified His office shall be at the seat of government and he shall be paid a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum The General Assembly may substitute for the State School Superintendent such officer or officers as may be deemed necessary to perfect the system of public education Acts 1941 p 165 ratified June 3 1941
Paragraph II There shall be a State Board of Education composed of one member from each Congressional District in the State who shall be appointed by the Governor by and with the advice and consent of the Senate The Governor shall not be a member of the State Board of Education The first State Board of Education under this provision shall consist of those in office at the time this constitutional amendment is adopted with the terms provided by law Thereafter all succeeding appointments shall be for seven years terms from the expiration of the previous term Vacancies upon said Board caused by expiration of terms of office shall be similarly filled by appointment and confirmation In case of a vacancy on said Board by death resignation of a member or from any other cause other than the expiration of such members term of office the Board shall by secret ballot elect his successor who shall hold office until the end of the next session of the General Assembly or if the General Assembly be then in session to the end of that session During such session of the General Assembly the Governor shall appoint the successor member of the Board for the unexpired term and shall submit his name to the Senate for confirmation All members of the Board shall hold office until their successors are appointed and qualify The members of the State Board of Education shall be citizens of this State
268
Art 8 Sec 2 Par 2
who shall have resided in Georgia continuously for at least five years preceding their appointment No person employed in a professional capacity by a private or public educational institution or by the State Department of Education shall be eligible for appointment or to serve on said Board No person who is or has been connected with or employed by a schoolbook publishing concern shall he eligible to membership on the Board and if any person shall be so connected or employed after becoming a member of the Board his place shall immediately become vacant The said State Board of Education shall have such powers and duties as provided by law existing at the time of the adoption of this amendment together with such further power and duties as may be hereafter provided by law Acts 1943 pp 5557 ratified August 3 1943
Section III
Paragraph I The poll tax any educational fund now belonging to the State except the endowment of and debts due to the University of Georgia a special tax on shows and exhibitions and on the sale of spirituous and malt liquors which the General Assembly is hereby authorized to assess and the proceeds of any commutation tax for military service and all taxes that may be assessed on such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive to other property are hereby set apart and devoted for the support of common schools
Section IV
Paragraph I Authority is granted to the counties and municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation The proper county authorities whose duty it is to levy taxes for county purposes in this State shall on the recommendation of the board of education assess and collect taxes for the support of public schools under its control not less than one nor more than five mills on the dollar of all taxable property of the county outside of independent local systems which shall be distributed equitably according to the school population tax values the number of teachers and their grade of license among the public schools therein An additional levy to that already allowed not to exceed five mills shall be permissible in independent local systems municipalities or school districts on a two thirds vote of those voting No additional election shall be required to maintain any local school tax now in existence in districts counties or municipalities provided this paragraph shall not apply to counties having a local school system of taxation adopted prior to the Constitution of 1877 Provided also that authority is hereby given to two or more local school districts any one or more of which may have incurred a bonded indebtedness to consolidate upon the condition that such bonded indebtedness outstanding shall be asumed by the entire district as consolidated provided however before such consolidation shall become effective the same shall be approved by the vote of twothirds of the qualified voters of each district affected at separate elections held for that purpose on the recommendations of the respec
Art 8 SeCi 4 Par 1
tive boards of trustees under the same terms and conditions as to advertisement as bond election by school districts the tickets for said elections to have written or printed thereon For Consolidation with Bonded District or Against Consolidation with Bonded District and in the event said elections result in favor of said consolidation the result shall be so declared by the boards of trustees of said districts and thereafter the indebtedness outstanding against any oneor more of said districts shall be a valid outstanding indebtedness of the dis trict as consolidated and taxes for the payment of said indebtedness shall be levied accordingly Provided however county boards of education independent school systems and local school districts may contract with each other for the education transportation and care of children of school age Acts 1903 p 23 ratified Oct 5 1904 Acts 1919 p 66 ratified Nov 2 1920 Acts 1931 pp 103 105 ratified Nov 8 1932
Provided further that where one of such local school districts voting on consolidation shall have outstanding any bonds and another school district voting thereon has no outstanding bonds a majority only of those voting in such district having such bonds shall be sufficient to carry such election in that particular district while twothirds of the qualified voters shall be required as to the district having no such outstanding bonds and upon such consolidation the consolidated district shall possess and retain any and all taxing powers that may have existed in either of such districts but the levying of such tax shall apply to all property in any consolidated districts without any additional election therefor Acts 1943 pp 1617 ratified August 3 1943
Section V
Paragraph I Existing local schoolsystems shall not be affected by this constitution Nothing contained in section first of this article shall be construed to deprive schools in this State not common schools from participation in the educational fund of the State as to all pupils therein taught in the elementary branches of an English education
Section VI
Paragraph I The trustees of the University of Georgia may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of said university In addition to the payment of the annual interest on the debt due by the State to the University the General Assembly shall from time to time make such appropriations to the University and high schools as the condition of the treasury authorizes Acts 1920 p 32 ratified Nov 2 1920
Par II There shall be a Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia and the government control and management of the University System of Georgia and all of its institutions in said System shall be vested in said Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia Said Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia shall consist of one member from each Congressional
270
Art 8 Sec 6 Par 2
District in the State and five additional members from the StateatLarge appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate The Governor shall not be a member of said Board The first Board of Regents under this provision shall consist of those in office at the time this constitutional amendment is adopted with the terms provided by law Thereafter all succeeding appointments shall be for seven year terms from the expiration of the previous term Vacancies upon said Board caused by expiration of term of office shall be similarly filled by appointment and confirmation In case of a vacancy on said Board by death resignation of a member or from any other cause other than the expiration of such members term of office the Board shall by secret ballot elect his successor who shall hold office until the end of the next session of the General Assembly or if the General Assembly be then in session to the end of that session During such session of the General Assembly the Governor hall appoint the successor member of the Board for the unexpired term and shall submit his name to the Senate for confirmation All members of the Board of Regents shall hold office until their successors are appointed The said Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia shall have the powers and duties as provided by law existing at the time of the adoption of this amendment together with such further powers and duties as may be hereafter provided by law Acts 1943 pp 66 67 ratified August 3 1943
ARTICLE IX
Homesteads and Exemptions
Section I
Paragraph I There shall be exempt from levy and sale by virtue of any process whatever under the laws of this State except as hereinafter excepted of the property of every head of a family or guardian or trustee of a family of minor children or every aged or infirm person or person having the care and support of dependent females of any age who is not the head of a family realty or personalty or both to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars
Section II
Paragraph I No Court or ministerial officer in this State shall ever have jurisdiction or authority to enforce any judgment execu tion or decree against the property set apart for such purpose including such improvements as may be made thereon from time to time except for taxes for the purchase money of the same for labor done thereon for material furnished therefor or for the removal of incumbrances thereon
Section III
Paragraph I The debtor shall have power to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in
271
Art 9 Sec 3 Par 1
this article except as to wearing apparel and not exceeding three hundred dollars worth of household and kitchen furniture and prowsions to be selected by himself and wife if any and he shall not alter it is set apart alienate or incumber the property so exempted but it may be sold by the debtor and his wife if any jointly with the sanctiop of the judge of the Superior Court of the County where the debtor resides or the land is situated the proceeds to be reinvested upon the same uses
Section IV
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall provide by law as early as practicable for the setting apart and valuation of said property But nothing m this article shall be construed to affect or repeal the existing laws for exemption of property from sale contained in the present Code of this State in paragraphs 2040 to 2049 inclusive and the acts amendatory thereto It may be optional with the applicant to take either but not both of such exemptions
Section V
Paragraph I The debtor shall have authority to waive or renounce m writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for m section four except as is expected in section three of this article
Section VI
Paragraph I The applicant shall at any time have the right to S1i if6 1Si exemPtin by adding to an amount already set apart w ls ess an the whole amount of exemption herein allowed a sufficiency to make his exemption equal to the whole amount
Section VII
Paragraph I Homesteads and exemptions of personal property which have been heretofore set apart by virtue of the provisions of the existing Constitution of this State and in accordance with the laws for the enforcement thereof or which may be hereafter so set apart at any time shall be and remain valid as against all debts and liabililes existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution to the same extent that they would have been had said existing Constitution not been revised
Section VIII
Paragraph I Rights which have become vested under previously existing laws shall not be affected by anything herein contained In ail cases m which homesteads have been set apart under the Constitution oi 1868 and the laws made in pursuance thereof and a bona fide sale of such property has been subsequently made and the full purchase price thereof has been paid all right of exemption in such property by reason of its having been so set apart shall cease in so far as it affects the right of the purchaser In all such cases where a part
272
Art 9 Sec 8 Par 1
only of the purchase price has been paid such transaction shall be governed by the laws now of force in this State in so far as they affect the rights of the purchaser as though said property had not been so set apart
Section IX
Paragraph I Parties who have taken a homestead of realty under the Constitution of eighteen hundred and sixtyeight shall have the right to sell said homestead and reinvest the same by order of the judge of the Superior Courts of this State
ARTICLE X
Militia Section I
Paragraph I A well regulated militia being essential to the peace and security of the State the General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this State shall be organized officered trained armed and equipped and of whom it shall consist
Par II The General Assembly shall have power to authorize the formation of volunteer companies and to provide for their organization into battalions regiments brigades divisions and corps with such restrictions as may be prescribed by law and shall have authority to arm and equip the same
Par III The officers and men of the militia and volunteer forces shall not be entitled to receive any pay rations or emoluments when not in active service by authority of the State
ARTICLE XI
Counties and County Officers Section I
Paragraph I Each county shall be a body corporate with such powers and limitations as may be prescribed by law All suits by or against a county shall be in the name thereof and the metes and bounds of the several counties shall remain as now prescribed by law unless changed as hereinafter provided
Par II There shall not be more than one hundred and fortyfive counties in this State Acts 1904 p 47 ratified Oct 5 1904
Par Ila The General Assembly shall have the power to consolidate and combine all governmental functions and powers now vested in and exercised by cities and municipalities having a population of more than 52900 according to the Federal census of 1920 with the governmental functions and powers now vested in and exercised by the authorities of the county in which such cities or municipalities are situated to create designate and give a name to political subdi
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 2a
visions composed of the entire area of such counties to vest in and confer upon such subdivisions such authority and power as may be conferred upon municipalities or counties or both under existing laws to abolish any and all offices now existing under the charters of any such municipalities and also to abolish the offices of tax collecter and tax receiver in any such counties to create new offices for purpose of exercising and carrying out the powers to be vested in such political subdivisions and powers and duties formerly appertaining to such offices so abolished and the powers and duties formerly exercised by such counties and such municipalities all without regard to the uniformity of the powers duties and compensation appertaining to the offices so created in other municipalities other counties or other political subdivisions hereby authorized to divide such political subdivisions into districts to fix a maximum rate of ad valorem taxation to be levied by authority of such political subdivisions within the various districts without regard to the uniformity of the rat also to consolidate and combine any and all school systems and school districts now existing in any such cities or municipalities and counties into one system covering the entire area of the county to be governed and controlled under the provisions of the act creating the political subdivision hereby authorized regardless of the method of control of schools or school systems in other counties or municipalities The power herein granted shall not be extended to cities municipalities or towns and cities and towns and municipalities the corporate limits of which are included within more than one county nor shall said powers herein granted be extended to the counties in which said cities or towns or municipalities and cities and towns and municipalities are located The General Assembly in exercising the powers herein conferred may include in the act or law any one or more of the powers or provisions herein enumerated and may exclude therefrom any one or more of the powers or provisions herein enumerated This provision of the Constitution shall not be construed to empower the General Assembly to create new counties nor to affect or change the representation of any county in the General Assembly Nor shall it be construed to authorize the General Assembly to abolish the offices of clerk of the superior court ordinary sheriff or coroner in any of the counties affected by this paragraph said offices being expressly hereby preserved The General Assembly shall not change or abolish any county nor the name thereof which may be affected hereby and in naming the consolidated subdivisions in each case the names of the municipality or municipalities and of the county shall be combined so as to preserve them The General Assembly shall create such political subdivisions by special act or law relating to a particular subdivision but no such act or law shall have any force or effect until the same shall have been ratified by a vote of a majority of the qualified voters voting at a special election in such county to beheld not earlier than sixty days after the final passage and approval by the Governor of any such act Provided however that the people within the corporate limits of municipalities affected and the people of the county affected outside of the corporate limits shall vote separately and before the act shall go in effect a majority of those voting in the municipalities separately if more than one municipality is affected and a majority
274
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 2a
of those voting outside of said municipality or municipalities shall vote in favor of said act Acts 1924 p 811 ratified Nov 4 1924
Par III County lines shall not be changed unless under the operation of a general law for that purpose
Par IV No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Par V Any county may be dissolved and merged with contiguous counties by a twothirds vote of the qualified electors of such county voting at an election held for that purpose
Par VI Tax for sanitation fire prevention etc in Glynn and McIntosh counties
Par VII Bibb County Public Service Districts
Section II
Paragraph I The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their offices for four years They shall be removed on conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible to any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless he shall have been a residentof the county for two years and is a qualified voter Provided that the provisions of the proposed amendment shall not become effective until January first 1917 Acts 1914 p 43 ratified Nov 3 1914
Section III
Paragraph I Whatever tribunal or officers may hereafter be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of county matters shall be uniform throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for the appointment of Commissioners of roads and revenues in any county and may abolish the office of county treasurer in any county or fix the compensation of county treasurers and such compensation may be fixed without regard to uniformity of such compensation in the various counties And the General Assembly shall also have authority to consolidate the offices and duties of tax receiver and tax collector in any or all of the counties of the State the official performing the duties of said two officers when so consolidated to be known as county tax commissioner and the General Assembly may prescribe the compensation of such county tax commissioner or authorize county authorities to fix the same which compensation may he on the basis of fees or salary and may be fixed without regard to uniformity in the various counties and when such compensation is fixed on a salary basis the authority fixing the same shall determine what disposition shall be made of the fees and commissions accruing to each of said offices so consolidated and provide for the levy and collection of a tax sufficient to pay the salary so fixed Acts 1914 p 42 ratified Nov 3 1914 1924 p 815 ratified Nov 4 1924
275
Art 11 Sec 11 Par 2
Par II The General Assembly may provide however that the ordinary sheriff clerk superior court tax receiver tax collector or tax commissioner as the case may be and county treasurer any one or all of them serving in Fulton county shall be required to appoint a chief clerk chief assistant or chief deputy from among such officers assistants the appointment to be made by the person occupying such respective office and to be for such term as the person making the appointment may designate the term in no event to extend beyond the term of the person making the appointment and the General Assembly may provide further that in said county of Fulton in the event a vacancy occurs in any of the offices here named that such designated chief clerk chief assistant or chief deputy may fill out the unexpired term of the person making the appointment upon qualifying for such office as provided by law Acts 1939 p 33 ratified June 6 1939
Wtmr ARTICLE XII
The Laws of General Operation in Force in This State
Section I
Paragraph I The laws of general operation in this State are first As the Supreme law The Constitution of the United States the laws of the United States in pursuance thereof and all treaties made under the authority of the United States
Par II Second As next in authority thereto This Constitution
Par III Third In subordination to the foregoing All laws now of force in this State not inconsistent with this Constitution and the ordinances of this Convention shall remain of force until the same are modified or repealed by the General Assembly And the Tax and Appropriation Acts passed at the session of the General Assembly of 1877 and approved by the Governor of the State and not inconsistent with this Constitution are hereby continued in force until altered by law
Par IV Local and private acts passed for the benefit of counties cities towns corporations and private persons not inconsistent with the Supreme law nor with this Constitution and which have not expired nor been repealed shall have the force of Statute law subject to judicial decision as to their validity when passed and to any limitations imposed by their own terms
Par V All rights privileges and immunities which may have vested in or accrued to any person or persons or corporation in his her or their own right or in any fiduciary capacity under and in virtue of any act of the General Assembly or any judgment decree or order or other proceeding of any Court of Competent jurisdiction in this State heretofore rendered shall be held inviolate by all Courts before which they may be brought in question unless attacked for fraud
Par VI All judgments decrees orders and other proceedings of the several Courts of this State heretofore made within the limits of their several jurisdictions are hereby ratified and affirmed subject
276
Art 12 Sec 1 Par 6
only to reversal by motion for a new trial appeal bill of review or other proceedings in conformity with the law of force when they were made
Par VII The officers of the Government now existing shall continue in the exercise of their several functions until their successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified But nothing herein is to apply to any officer whose office may be abolished by this Constitution
Par VIII The ordinances of this Convention shall have the force of laws until otherwise provided by the General Assembly except the ordinances in reference to submitting the homestead and capital questions to a vote of the people which ordinances after being voted on shall have the effect of constitutional provisions
ARTICLE XIII
Amendments to the Constitution
Section I
Paragraph I Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon And the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall also provide for a submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Par II No Convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each house of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable
Section II
Paragraph I This Constitution shall be submitted for ratification or rejection to the electors of this State at an election to be held on the first Wednesday in December one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven in the several election districts of this State at which election every person shall be entitled to vote who is entitled to vote for the members of the General Assembly under the Constitution and laws of force at the date of such election said election to be held
Art 13 See 2 Par 1
and conducted as is now provided by law for holding elections for members of the General Assembly All persons voting at said election in favor of adopting this Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words For Ratification and all persons opposed to the adoption of this Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words Against Ratification
Par II The votes cast at said election shall be consolidated in each of the counties of this State as is now required by law in elections for members of the General Assembly and returns thereof made to the Governor and should a majority of all the votes cast at said election be in favor of ratification he shall declare the said Constitution adopted and make proclamation of the result of said election by publication in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District of the State but should a majority of the votes cast be against ratification he shall in the same manner proclaim the said Constitution rejected
C J JENKINS Presdt Con Convention
A R LAWTON Vice Presdt Con Convention
Attest
James Cooper Nisbet Secy Con Convention
Here follow the signatures of the members of the Constitutional Convention and of Chas H Williams Asst Secty and M A Hardin Reading Clerk
278
ORDINANCES
STATE CAPITAL
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in convention assembled
1 That the question of the location of the Capital of this State be kept out of the Constitution to be adopted by this convention
2 That at the first general election hereafter held for the members of the General Assembly every voter may indorse on his ballot Atlanta or Milledgeville and the one of these places receiving the largest number of votes shall be the Capital of the State until changed by the same authority and in the same way that may be provided for the alteration of the Constitution that may be adopted by the convention whether said Constitution be ratified or rejected And that evry person entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the present Constitution and laws of this State shall be entitled to vote under this ordinance and in the event of the rejection of said Constitution shall should a majority of votes cast be in favor of Milledgeville then this provision to operate and take effect as an amendment to the present Constitution
HOMESTEAD
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in convention assembled and it is hereby ordained by authority of the same
1 That the Article adopted by the convention on the subject of homestead and exemptions shall not form a part of this Constitution except as hereinafter provided
2 At the election held for the ratification or rejection of this Constitution it shall be lawful for each voter to have written or printed on his ballot the words Homestead of 1877 or the words Homestead of 1868
3 In the event that a majority of the ballots so cast have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1877 then said Article so adopted by this Convention shall form a part of the Constitution submitted if the same is ratified but in event that said Constitution go submitted shall not be ratified then the Article on homestead exemptions so adopted as aforesaid by this convention shall supersede Article Seventh of the Constitution of 1868 on the subject of homestead and exemptions and form a part of this Constitution
4 If a majority of the ballots so cast as aforesaid shall have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1868j then Article Seventh of the Constitution of 1868 shall supersede the Article on homestead and exemptions adopted by this convention and shall be incorporated in and form a part of the Constitution so submitted and ratified
279
ORDINANCES
JUDICIAL CIRCUITS
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in convention assembled
There shall be sixteen judicial circuits in this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to organize and proportion the same in such manner as to equalize the business and labor of the judges in said several circuits as far as may be practicable But the General Assembly shall have power hereafter to reorganize increase or diminish the number of circuits Provided however that the circuits shall remain as now organized until changed by law
SIGNING AND RATIFICATION
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in convention assembled s
1 That the Constitution as adopted and revised be enrolled and signed by the officers and members of this convention
2 That the Governor shall issue his proclamation ordering an election for members of the General Assembly and a vote upon the ratification or rejection of this Constitution as therein provided and a vote upon the capital and homestead questions as provided by the ordinances of this convention
Read and adopted in convention August 25th 1877
C J JENKINS
President Constitutional Convention
Attest
JAMES COOPER NISBET
Secretary
VOID BONDS NOT TO BE PAID
Neither the General Assembly nor any other authority or officer of this State shall ever have power to pay or recognize as legal or m any sense valid or binding upon the State any direct bonds or currency bonds gold bonds or the States alleged guaranty or indorsement of any railroad bonds or any other bonds guaranties or indorsements heretofore declared to be illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature of the State or that may be declared illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature originating this amendment viz The State gold bonds issued under the Act of October 17th 1870 in aid of the Brunswick and Albany Company the currency bonds issued under the Act of August 27th 1870 the quarterly gold bonds issued under the Act of September 15th 1870 which are enumerated in the Act of August 23
iC indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Brunswick
Albany Railroad Company made under the Act of March 18th i869 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Cartersville and Van Wert Railroad Company and of the Cherokee Railroad
280
ORDINANCES
indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Bainbridge Cuthbert and Columbus Railroad Company and all other bonds guaranties or indorsements declared illegal fraudulent or nowiv heremrVlded Nor sha11 any General Assembly ever have PcT1e for the endorsement of such railroad bonds or to place the State s guaranty upon the same or to provide for the innfrntent r giJarantyby the State of any new bonds issued in lieu jgfejfl Payoff or retire such railroad bonds by any railroad comP y r o issue bonds of the State to such railroad companies or
3Z ir or in lieu of such endorsed bonds or
other bonds herein declared illegal or to lend the aid or credit of the btate by any act resolution or law to such railroad companies or to
tbPeiJIi0rP0ed cinPanis or Persons acquiring or succeeding to the rights and franchises of said companies or to buy the railroads ot such companies or to submit the question of the liability of the btate upon any of the bonds or indorsements upon bonds or other guaranty herein declared illegal fraudulent and void or upon any claim for money advanced upon said bonds indorsements or guarantPenled sad companies or other person in and about the construction of said railroads to the decision of any court tribunal or Person whatever or to pay assume or secure directly or indirectly by any act resolution or law any money advanced or claimed to have been advanced on the bonds indorsements or guaranties herein declared invalid Acts 1875 p 27 1877 p 24 8
GOVERNORS PROCLAMATION
Adoption of Constitution Capital of State Homestead
State of Georgia
Whereas a convention of the people of the State of Georgia did assemble at the capital on the eleventh day of July last and whereas the said convention did revise the Constitution of the State and provide that the proposed new Constitution be submitted to the people for ratification or rejection and whereas the said convention by ordinances provided that the people should vote separately on the question of the location of the Capital at Atlanta or Milledgeville and ggggglthe adPtion of the homestead of 1868 or the homestead
And whereas on the first Wednesday in December the present month an election was held m conformity with the law prescribed by the convention and the vote cast by the citizens of the State was for 1l4i2 and agamst ratification 40947 being a majority of 69495 votes for the ratification of the Constitution The vote cast foi the location of the capital was for Atlanta 99147 and for Milledeeville 55201 being a majority of 43946 votes for Atlanta The vote cast nrroo6 adPtion of a homestead was for the homestead of 1877 94722 and for the homestead of 1868 52000 beinsr a maioritv of 42722 votes for the homestead of 1877 g J y 01
S Tf01 i5ed B H Governor and Commander in Chief of the State of Georgia do issue this my proclamation de
281
daring that the Constitution adopted by the convention at Atlanta in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven is ratified by the people of the State of Georgia and is now the Constitution of the State Also that Atlanta is declared to be the Capital of the State of Georgia And that the Article adopted by the convention on the subject of the homestead forms a part of the new Constitution
Given under my hand and the great seal of the State at the Capital in Atlanta this twentyfirst day of December in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven
ALFRED H COLQUITT
By the Governor
N C BARNETT
Secretary of State
I
382
APPENDIX
LEGISLATIVE PROPOSALS TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION OF 1877
Art 2 Sec 1 Par 18
Qualifications of electors and registration of voters
A 1907 47 No record found of submission
A 1908 27 Ratified Oct 7 1908
A 1931 102 Ratified Nov 8 1932
Relates only to Par 3
A 1943 39 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Art 3 Sec 2 Par 1
Increasing Senatorial Districts
A 1918 84 Ratified Nov 5 1918
A 1921 86 Defeated Nov 7 1922
A 1931 106 Defeated Nov 8 1932
A 1937 28 Ratified June 8 1937
3 Sec 3 Par 1 Membership House of Representatives fixed
A 1904 48 Ratified Oct 5 1904
A 1908 31 Ratified Oct 7 1908
A 1914 36 Ratified Nov 3 1914
A 1918 87 Ratified Nov 5 1918
A 1920 55 Ratified Nov 2 1920
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 1
Terms of members of General Assembly
A 1914 45 Ratified Nov 3 1914
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3 2
Annual legislative sessions
A 18901 55 Ratified Oct 5 1892
Sessions changed from October to July
A 1893 20 No record found of submission Biennial sessions
A 1924 31 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Dates of sessions and officers terms
A 1931 1053 Ratified Nov 8 1932
Annual sessions
A 1941 90 Defeated June 3 1941
A 1943 51 Ratified Aug 3 1943
283
Art 3 2Sec 4 Par 6
Length of legislative sessions
A 18901 56 Ratified Oct 5 1892
Art 3 Sec 5 Par 2
LieutenantGovernor to be President of the Senate
A 1935 1233 Defeated Nov 3 1936
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
Local legislative bills
A 18889 37 No record found of submission
A 18901 57 Ratified Oct 5 1892
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 15
Special and local legislative powers withdrawn
A 18845 33 Ratified Oct 6 1886
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
Granting of corporate powers
A 18901 59 Ratified Oct 5 1892
A 1912 27 Ratified Nov 5 1912
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 25
Zoning laws
A 1927 127 Ratified Nov 6 1928
A 1935 1234 Ratified Nov 3 1936
A 1937 1132
1139
1137 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 26
Zoning laws counties of Glynn Fulton Chatham Bibb Barrow and Colquitt and others
A 1929 148 Defeated Nov 4 1930 A 1937 24 Ratified June 8 1937
A 1937 1135 Ratified June 8 1937
Veterans civil service status
A 1943 10 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Art 3 Sec 9 Par 1
General Assembly compensation of members
A 1918 89 Ratified Nov 5 1918
A 1943 30 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Art 4 Sec 2 Par 8
Public Service Commission made Constitutional body
A 1943 38 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 2
Changing terms of Constitutional officers
A 1935 1243 Defeated Nov 3 1936
A 1941 86 Ratified June 3 1941
284
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 3
Election for Governor
A 1941 86 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 8
Providing for a LieutenantGovernor
A 1935 1231 Defeated Nov 3 1936
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 12
To create State Board of Pardons and Paroles
A 1943 44 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 13
Selfconvening extra session Legislature
A 1937 1114 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 5 6 Sec 1 Par 19
Governors clerical force
A 1918 93 Ratified Nov 5 1918
Art 5 Sec 2 Par 2
Treasurers and assistants salaries
A 1918 91 Ratified Nov 5 1918
Duties and expensesConstitutional officers
A 1927 121 Ratified Nov 6 1928
Art 5 Sec 4 Par 1
Creating State Game and Pish Commission
A 1943 28 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Art 6 Sec 1 Par 1
Establishing Court of Appeals
A 1906 24 Ratified Nov 6 1906
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 1
Supreme Court Justices
A 18867 25 Defeated Oct 3 1888
A 1893 17 No record found of submission
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 2
Choice of substitute judges
A 1937 33 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 5
Supreme Court jurisdiction
A 1906 24 Ratified Nov 6 1906
A 1916 19 Ratified Nov 7 1916
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 6
Disposition of cases in Appellate Courts
A 1935 1238 Ratified Nov 3 1936
A 1943 23 Ratified Aug 3 1943
285
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 8
Number of Justices Supreme Court and organization change
A 1895 15 Ratified Oct 7 1896
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 9
Court of Appeals organization and jurisdiction
A 1906 24 Ratified Nov 6 1906
A 1916 19 Ratified Nov 7 1916
Art 6 8 Sec 3 Par 1
Superior Courts
A 1905 66 Ratified Oct 3 1906
Art 6 Sec 3 Par 2
Election of Superior Court Judges
A 1897 16 Ratified Oct 5 1898
Art 6 Sec 3 Par 3
Terms of Superior Court Judges
A 1897 16 Ratified Oct 5 1898
Art 6 Sec 4 Par 8
Superior Court hearings in vacation
A 1939 78 Ratified June 6 1939
Art 6 Sec 6 Par 2a
Jurisdiction of Ordinaries and Police Courts under State Patrol A 1937 1116 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 6 Sec 7 Par 1
Municipal Courts and J P Courts
A 1912 30 Ratified Oct 2 1912
A 1914 39 Ratified Nov 3 1914
A 1927 117 Ratified Nov 6 1928
A 1931 1051 Ratified Nov 8 1932
A 1943 33 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Art 6 Sec 7 Par 2
Jurisdiction
A 1941 119 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 6 Sec 11 Par 1
Election of SolicitorsGeneral
A 1897 16 Ratified Oct 5 1898
Art 6 Sec 13 Par 1
Salaries certain Superior Court Judges
A 1910 42 Ratified Oct 5 1910
A 1913 30 Ratified Nov 3 1914
A 1916 22 Ratified Nov 7 1916
A 1918 94 Ratified Nov 5 1918
A 1922 24 Defeated Nov 7 1922
A 1922 26 Ratified Nov 7 1922
A 1925 70 Ratified Nov 2 1926
A 1927 111 Ratified Nov 6 1928
A 1929 118 Defeated Nov 4 1930
A 1939 79 Ratified June 6 1939
Judicial salaries Supreme Court Court of Appeals and Superior Courts
A 1917 36 Ratified Nov 5 1918
A 1920 20 Ratified Nov 2 1920
Art 6 Sec 13 Par 2
Salary basis for SolicitorsGeneral
A 1916 24 Ratified Nov 7 1916
Art 6 Sec 16 Par 1
Venue in divorce cases
A 1943 68 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Art 7 Sec 1 Par 1
Aid to Confederate soldiers and widows
A 18845 37
A 18889 39
A 1893 19
A 1899 19
A 1908 34
A 1918 96
A 1918 98
A 1920 23
A 1937 1118
Ratified
Ratified
Ratified
Ratified
Ratified
Ratified
Ratified
Ratified
Ratified
Oct 6 Oct 1 Oct 3 Oct 9 Oct 7 Nov 5 Nov 5 Nov 2 June 8
1886
1890
1894
1900
1908
1918
1918
1920
1937
State highway tax
A 1926Ex33 Ratified Nov 2 1926
Social Security State participation
A 1937 1126 Ratified June 8 1937
State Advertising
A 1941 16 Ratified June 3 1941
Teachers retirement benefits
A 1943 62 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Submitted through error proposal had been repealed
Art 7 Sec 1 Par 2
Limiting ad valorem tax
A 1903 21 Ratified Oct 5 1904
287
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 1
Taxes upon incomes
A 1929 143 Defeated Nov 4 1930
Classification tax
A 1931 108 Defeated Nov 8 1932
A 1937 39 Ratified June 8 1937
Macon uniformity modified
A 1941 127 Ratified June 3 1941
Fifteen mill tax limitation
A 1935 1240 Defeated Nov 3 1936
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2
Farm products tax exemption
A 1912 36 Ratified Nov 5 1912
Ships and vessels tax exemption
A 1916 27 Defeated Nov 7 1916
Endowment educational institutions tax exemption
A 1917 39 Ratified Nov 5 1918
Hydroelectric works tax exemptions Heard and Troup counties
A 1929 144 Defeated Nov 4 1930
Personal property exemption
A 1937 38 Ratified June 8 1937
Rural Electrification Corporations tax exemption
A 1941 84 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2a
Industries tax exemption
A 1923Ex67 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2b
Macon tax exemptions
A 1941 124 Ratified June 8 1941
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2c
Certain corporate stock tax exemption
A 1943 60 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 6
Tax returns to ComptrollerGeneral
A 1911 51 Ratified Oct 2 1912
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 7
Homestead exemption
A 1937 1122 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 7 Sec 3 Par 1
Deficiencies in State Treasury
A 1911 49 Ratified Oct 2 1912
State debt increase for teachers pay
A 1926Ex31 Ratified Nov 2 1926
288
Art 7 Sec 6 Par 1
Waycross promotion tax
A 1937 1131 Ratified June 8 1937
Fitzgerald promotion tax
A 1939 31 Ratified June 6 1939
Savannah River Wharf
A 1941 160 Ratified June 3 1941
Fulton CountyAtlanta promotional appropriation
A 1943 24 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Art 7 Sec 6 Par 2
Taxing powers of countieshealth
A 1908 33 Ratified Oct 7 1908
Taxing powers of countiesschools
A 1910 45 Ratified Oct 5 1910
Taxing power of countiesvital statistics
A 1926Ex30 Ratified Nov 2 1926
Taxing powers to Fulton County for schools and pensions
A 1926Ex20 Ratified Nov 2 1926
A 1929 134 Defeated Nov 4 1930
County tax levies for Social Security
A 1937 1124 Ratified June 8 1937
Agricultural agents tax levy
A 1937 1128 Ratified June 8 1937
Chatham County Retirement pay
A 1937 16 Ratified June 8 1937
Fulton and DeKalb Counties educational tax
A 1937 18 Ratified June 8 1937
Ware County Promotion Fund Tax
A 1937 1129 Ratified June 8 1937
Fulton County Civil Service
A 1939 36 Ratified June 6 1939
Fulton Ccfunty retirement and pension fund
A 1939 39 Ratified June 6 1939
Taxing powers of countiesfire protection of forest lands and other natural resources conservation
A 19378 Ex28 Ratified Nov 8 1938
Taxing powers of countiesMedical care and hospitalization for indigent sick
A 19378Ex39 Ratified Nov 8 1938
Richmond County retirement fund
A 1943 48 Ratified Aug 3 1943
DeKalb County educational tax
A 1943 20 Ratified Aug 3 1943
289
Art 7 See 6 Par 3
Public facilities contracts
A 1941 50 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 7 Sec 7 Par 1
Augusta flood protection bonds
A 1909 77 Ratified Oct 5 1910
County and city debts
A 1918 99 Ratified Nov 5 1918
Bonded debt of cities of 150000
A 1918 915 Ratified Nov 5 1918
Street improvement bonds cities 150000
A 192025 Ratified Nov 2 1920
West Point flood protection bonds
A 1920 29 Ratified Nov 2 1920
Savannah port debt
A 1923 45 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Brunswick port debt
A 1924 33 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Coastal highway district created
A 1924 35 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Crisp County debt
A 1925 72 Ratified Nov 2 1926
Tybee road bond issue
A 1926Ex22 Ratified Nov 2 1926
Lowndes County and Valdosta bond issue
A 1926Ex25 Ratified Nov 2 1926
McIntosh County school bond issue
A 1926Ex28 Ratified Nov 2 1926
Columbus street improvement bonds
A 1927 109 Ratified Nov 6 1928
LaGrange indebtedness
A 1927 113 Ratified Nov 6 1928
Temporary loans Fulton Chatham and Richmond Counties A 1927 122 Ratified Nov 6 1928
Ware County bonded debt
A 1927 124 Ratified Nov 6 1928
Stephens County hospital bonds
A 1929 142 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Washington County temporary loans
A 1929 147 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Elberton bonded debt
A 1929 125 Ratified Nov 4 1930
290
Cornelia bonded debt
A 1929 121 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Lakeland bonded debL
A 1929 130 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Spalding County temporary loans
A 1933 29 Ratified Nov 6 1934
Albany debt increase
A 1937 7 Ratified June 8 1937
Atlanta debt increase
A 1937 13 Ratified June 8 1937
Dublin debt increase
A 1937 22 Ratified June 8 1937
Richmond County temporary loans
A 1937 26 Ratified June 8 1937
Swainsboro temporary loans
A 1937 34 Ratified June 8 1937
Adel bonded debt Baxley refunding bonds Beaverdam School District bonds Blue Ridge bonded debt Dublin bonded debt Eastman bonds Fannin County temporary loans Gainesville debt Homerville debt Homerville debt Jefferson debt Jeffersonville School District debt Macon temporary loans Pineview School District bonds Savannah refunding bonds Sparks bonded debt Vidalia refunding bonds Willacoochee refunding bonds A 193738 Ex 757 alphabetically arranged Ratified Nov 8 1938
Atlanta Revenue Certificates Augusta temporary loans Bacon County Refunding bonds Blackshear Refunding bonds Bowden Refunding bonds Carrollton Refunding bonds Fulton County School bonds East Point and College Park Fulton Floyd and DeKalb Counties temporary loans Board of Education Grady County Refunding bonds Greenville debt Kite Consolidated School District bonds Macon debt certificates Nashville Refunding bonds Ocilla debt Ocilla Refunding bonds Pearson Refunding bonds Quitman debt certificates Quitman Refunding bonds Ray City Refunding bonds Reidsville School District bonded debt Savannah debt Savannah bonded debt Sylvania debt Tift County bonded debt Willie Consolidated School District Refunding bonds A 1939 888 alphabetically arranged Ratified June 6 1939
Coastal Highway District A 1939 23 Ratified June 6 1939
Abbeville School District bonds Abbeville Refunding bonds Adrian Consolidated School District bonds Baker County bonds Bibb County debt 2 Calhoun County Refunding bonds Catoosa County bonds Chattooga Refunding bonds Claxton School District Refunding bonds Claxton Refunding bonds Cobb County Refunding bonds Cochran Refunding bonds Cook County Warren Refunding bonds Cook County Refunding bonds Cordele Refunding bonds Crawford Refunding bonds Crawford School District debt Dade County bonded debt Davisboro School District bonds Dodge County bonded debt Doerun Refunding bonds Effingham County Refunding bonds
291
Evans County Refunding bonds Excelsior School District bonds Gainesville bonded debt Hart County Refunding bonds Hazelhurst Refunding bonds Irwin County Warrant Refunding bonds Irwin County Refunding bonds Jeff Davis Refunding bonds Jefferson County School District Refunding bonds Jefferson County School Dist No 10 bonds Johnson Corner School District bonds Lexington Refunding bonds Macon debt certificates Miller County bonds Miller County Refunding bonds Mitchell County Board of Education temporary loans Oglethorpe County Funding bonds Paulding County Funding bonds Quitman County debt Reidsville Refunding bonds Sandy Cross School District Refunding bonds SparksAdel School District Refunding bonds Stone Mountain Refunding bonds Sunny Hill School District Toombs County Refunding bonds Unadilla Refunding bonds Vidalia bonded debt Walker County bonds Washington Refunding bonds Waycross debt Wilcox County bonds Wilcox County debt Wrightsville School District bonds A 1941 9195 alphabetically arranged Ratified June 3 1941
Revenue anticipation obligations not debts
A 1943 47 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Summerville school district bonds
A 1943 57 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Cobb County Funding bonds
A 1943 11 Ratified Aug 3 1943
AtlantaFulton CountyDeKalb County hospitalization contracts
A 1943 18 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Glenwood bonded debt
A 1943 31 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Ray City bonded debt
A 1943 41 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Fulton County temporary loans
A 1943 26 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Art 7 Sec 8 Par 1
Assumption of county debts
A 1931 97 Ratified Nov 8 1932
Highway Refunding bonds
A 1939 47 Ratified June 6 1939
Art 7 Sec 18 Par 1
Hancock County Refunding bonds
A 1941 93 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 7 Sec 18 Par 2
Taxation for teacher retirement benefits
A 1943 64 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Art 8 Sec 1 Par 1
Taxation for common schools
A 1911 46 Ratified Oct 2 1912
292
Art 8 Sec 2 Par 1
State School Commissioner made elective
A 1894 34 Ratified Oct 7 1896
State School SuperintendentTerm of office A 1935 1236 Defeated Nov 3 1936 A 1941 165 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 8 Sec 4 Par 1
Local school tax
A 190323 A 1919 66 A 1931 103 A 1931 105 A 1943 16
Ratified Oct 5 1904 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Ratified Nov 8 1932 Ratified Nov 8 1932 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Pierce County High School tax
A 1929 139 Ratified Nov 4 1930 Brantley County School tax
A 19378Ex 17 Ratified Nov 8 1938 Floyd County High School tax
A 19378Ex 30 Ratified Nov 8 1938 Chatham County School tax
A 1941 37 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 8 Sec 6 Par 1
University and high school appropriations A 1920 32 Ratified Nov 2 1920
Art 8 Sec 6 Par 2
Constitutional University system regents
A 1943 66 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 1
Taxes for Fulton County improvements
A 1929 135 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Cobb County fire prevention tax
A 193738 Ex 20 Ratified Nov 8 1938
DeKalb County improvements tax
A 1941 69 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 2
Fixing number of counties
A 1904 47 Ratified Oct 5 1904
Creating new counties as follows
A 1906 28 Ratified Nov 6 1906 Ben Hill
A 1912 38 Ratified Oct 2 1912 Bleckley
A 1912 41 Ratified Nov 5 1912 Wheeler
293
A 1914 23 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Bacon
i 1916 17 Ratified Nov 7 1916 BaconA
A 1914 27 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Barrow
A 1914 29 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Candler
A 1914 33 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Evans
CA 1917 41 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Atkinson
a 1918 106
A 1917 44 r Ratified Nov 5 1918 Treutlen
A 1918 102 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Cook
CA 1919 68 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Lanier
A 1920 19 45
A 1920 34 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Brantley
A 1920 38 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Lamar
A 1920 48 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Long
A 1920 52 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Seminole
A 1922 28 Defeated Nov 2 1922 Peach
A 1924 39 Ratified Nov 4 1924 Peach
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 2A
Consolidation of city and county governments
A 1924 811 Ratified Nov 24 1924
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 6
Taxes for sanitation Glynn and McIntosh counties
A 1929 137 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 7
DeKalb County increased taxing power
A 1937 20 Ratified June 8 1937
Bibb County public service districts
A 1943 8 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Art 11 Sec 2 Par 1
County officers terms
A 1914 43 Ratified Nov 3 1914
Spalding County school board
A 1943 53 Ratified Aug 3 1943
Art 11 Sec 3 Par 1
Office of county treasurer
A 1914 42 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Consolidation of offices Tax Receiver and Tax Collector A 1924 815 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Art 11 Sec 3 Par 2
Pulton County Public Officers Dejputies
A 1939 33 Ratified June 6 1939
294
CHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF PROPOSALS TO AMEND CONSTITUTION OF 1877
Year of Act 1885 1887
1889
1890
1891
1893
1894
1895 1897 1899
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1923 Ex
1924
1925
1926 Ex
1927 1929 1931 1933 1935
1937
1938
1939 1941 1943
Proposals
2
1
2
1
3
3
1
1
3 1 2 2 1
4 1
4 1 2
3
5 1 9
5
4 11
2
10
1
3
1
1
6 2
7
8 13
8
1
7
26 23 33
70
28
Ratified 2 1886
1 1890 1 1892 3 1892 1 1894 1 1896 1 1896
3 1898
1 1900
2 1904 2 1904 1 1906
4 1906
4 1908
1 1910
2 1910
3 1912
5 1912
1 1914 9 1914
4 1916 4 1918
11 1918
2 1920 10 1920
1 1922 1 1924
1 1924
6 1924
2 1926
7 1926
8 1928 8 1930 6 1932
1 1934
2 1936 26 1937 23 1938 33 1939 69 1941 28 1943
Rejected No record 1 1888
1
2
1 1916
1 1922
2 1922
5 1930 2 1932
5 1936
1 1941
323 301
Of the foregoing proposals 120 were of local concern
18 4
only were of general interest 203
295