MANUAL OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF The State of Georgia 1945 1946 By MRS HENRY W NEVIN Secretary of the Senate and P T McCUTCHEN JR Clerk 6f the House of Representatives STATE OF GEORGIA DEPARTMENTS Governors Office ELLIS ARNALL M E THOMPSON MISS GRACE CANNINGTON Agriculture Department of g TOM LINDER Audits Department of B E THRASHER JR Banking Department of JOHN C BEASLEY ComptrollerGeneral HOMER C PARKER Conservation Division NELSON M SHIPP Forestry Division J M TINKER1 v Mines Mining and Geology CAPT GARLAND PEYTON Parks Division WARD HARRISON Corrections Department of FRANCIS HAMMACK Education Department of M D COLLINS Entomology Department of CHARLES ALDEN Examining Boards1 R C COLEMAN Game and Fish Commission CHARLES N ELLIOTT Highways Department of RYBURN CLAY Labor Department of BEN T HIIIET Law Department of T GRADY HEAD Governor Executive Secretary Private Secretary Commissioner State Auditor Superintendent ComptrollerGeneral Assistant Commissioner Director 1Director Director Director Supt of Schools State Entomologist Executive Secretary 1Director Director Commissioner AttorneyGeneral 3 Library State ELLA MAY THORNTON Military Department of MARVIN GRIFFIN Milk Control Board GEORGE STEWART Pardons and Paroles Department of ED EVERETT j GROVER C BYARS MRS HELEN W COXON Public Health Department of DR T F ABERCROMBIE Public Safety Department of CHARLES WILLIAMS Public Service Commission WALTER R McDonald matt l McWhorter PERRY T KNIGHT ALLEN CHAPPEL JAMES A PERRY Public Welfare Department of A J HARTLEY Purchasing Department W N PATE Revenue Department EUGENE COOK Secretary of State JOHN B WILSON Treasury Department GEORGE B HAMILTON HORACE HIXON Veterans Service Office ARTHUR CHEATHAM University System Regents of S V SANFORD MARION SMITH Workmens Compensation Board of STONEWALL DYER HARRY MUNROE P J RIORDAN Librarian AdjutantGeneral Acting Director Chairman Member Member Director Commissioner Chairman Commissioner Commissioner Commissioner Commissioner Director Supervisor of Purchases Commissioner Secretary of State State Treasurer Assistant Treasurer Director Chancellor Chairman Chairman Member Member 4 OFFICERS OF THE STATE SENATE TERM 1945 1946 FRANK C GROSS 31st DistrictPresident Stephens County SPENCE M GRAYSON 1st DistrictPresident Pro Tem Chatham County MRS HENRY W NEVIN Secretary Whitfield County ELBERT FORESTERAssistant Secretary Dade County MRS BILLIE SEAYCalendar Clerk DeKalb County ROBERT H BRINSON JR Message Clerk Jenkins County J B CHEATHAM JRReading Clerk Floyd County DR R A FORRESTChaplain Stephens County SID WILLIAMS Messenger Meriwether County A PERRY GRIFFINDoorkeeper MEMBERS OF THE SENATE OF GEORGIA ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED ACCORDING TO NAMES WITH DISTRICTS AND POST OFFICES FOR THE TERM 19451946 Senators Baggett J J Battle C L Bennett Dr W H Bentley J Li Branch George W Brown E H Caldwell H W Causey Homer L Chastain T A Cloud Hawes Cook T A Daves Dr V C Deal Dr D L Drake John L Drinkard John P Edenfield Mose Edwards Charles T Freeman Wm B Gillisr Jim L Jr Gould James D Jr Grayson Spence Greene A M Gross Frank C Harrell George Y Harrell Wallace Hawes Peyton S Hill 0 W Hodges B fl Holsenbeck W M Mavity John L McGinty J Roy Millican G Everett Minchew Abe T Moate Marvin Moore W C District Post Office 51st Lawrenceville 13th Ellaville 17th Sylvania 25th Thomaston 47th Tifton 6th Nashville 37th LaGrange 4fith Alma 41st Talking Rock 19th Crawfordville 42nd Summerville 14th Vienna 49th Statesboro 8thDonalsonville 29thLincolnton 2nd Darien 28th Monticello 22nd Forsyth 16th Soperton t 4th Brunswick 1st Savannah 21st Gray 31st Toccoa X 12th Lumpkin 7th Quitman 30th Elberton 36th Greenville 2fith Jackson 27th Winder 44th Rossville 43rd Calhoun 52nd Atlanta 5thAxson 20th Sparta 38th Buchanan 6 Senators District Post Office Nix Arthur J32nd Norton W L 33rd Peebles Leon L18th Rainey Rebecca L 11th Riley A C23rd Sabados George 10th Shedd J P3rd Slaughter Dr N G50th Smith H Dixon24th Stone Guy15th Turner Mell 34th Turner Ralph L35th Walker C 0T45th Wall Dr Wm Henry9th Welsch Sam J39th Wellborn Dr C J40th Yawn C E J48th Dawsonville Gainesville Gibson Dawson rFort Valley Albany Jesup Athens Columbus Glenwood Decatur McDonough Fitzgerald Blakely Marietta Blairsville Chauncey MEMBERS OF THE SENATE OF GEORGIA BY DISTRICTS IN NUMERICAL ORDER WITH COUNTIES AND POST OFFICES First DistrictCHATHAM Bryan Effingham SPENCE GRAYSON Savannah Second DistrictMcINTOSH Liberty Long Tattnall MOSE EDENFIELD rDarien Third DistrictWAYNE Appling Jeff Davis Brantley J P SHEDDL Sgi Jesup Fourth DistrictGLYNN Camden Charlton JAMES D GOULD JRBrunswick Fifth DistrictATKINSON Clinch Ware ABE T MINCHEW Axson Sixth DistrictBERRIEN Lanier Echols Lowndes Cook E H BROWN Nashville Seventh DistrictBROOKS Thomas Grady WALLACE HARRELLQuitman Eighth DistrictSEMINOLE Mitchell Miller Decatur JOHN L DRAKEDonaldsonville Ninth DistrictEARLY Baker Calhoun DR WM HENRY WALLgBlakely Tenth DistrictDOUGHERTY Worth Lee GEORGE SABADOS Albany Eleventh DistrictTERRELL Clay Randolph MRS REBECCA L RAINEY1Dawson Twelfth DistrictWEBSTER Stewart Quitman GEORGE Y HARRELLLumpkin Thirteenth DistrictSCHLEY Sumter Macon C L BATTLEEllaville Fourteenth DistrictDOOLY Pulaski Bleckley DR V C DAVESVienna Fifteenth DistrictWHEELER Toombs Montgomery GUY STONE Glenwood Sixteenth DistrictTREUTLEN Emanuel Johnson Laurens JIM L GILLIS JRSoperton Seventeenth DistrictSCREVEN Burke Jenkins DR W H BENNETT Sylvania Eighteenth DistrictGLASCOCK Jefferson Richmond LEON L PEEBLES Gibson Nineteenth DistrictTALIAFERRO Greene Warren HAWES CLOUD gjjffjlpCrawfordville Twentieth DistrictHANCOCK Washington Baldwin MARVIN MOATE 1Sparta TwentyFirst DistrictJONES Wilkinson Twiggs A M GREENE Gray TwentySecond DistrictMONROE Pike Lamar Bibb WM B FREEMANForsyth TwentyThird DistrictPEACH Taylor Crawford Houston A C RILEYFort Valley TwentyFourth DistrictMARION Muscogee Chattahoochee H DIXON SMITH Columbus TwentyFifth DistrictUPSON Talbot Harris J L BENTLEY Thomaston TwentySixth DistrictBUTTS Fayette Spalding B H HODGES rJackson TwentySeventh DistrictBARROW Oconee Walton W M HOLSENBECKWinder TwentyEighth DistrictJASPER Putnam Morgan CHARLES T EDWARDSMonticello TwentyNinth DistrictLINCOLN McDuffie Columbia JOHN P DRINKARD Lincolnton Thirtieth DistrictELBERT Hart Madison PEYTON S HAWESElberton ThirtyFirst DistrictSTEPHENS Habersham Franklin FRANK G GROSSToccoa ThirtySecond DistrictDAWSON White Lumpkin ARTHUR J NIXDawsonville ThirtyThird DistrictHALL Banks Jackson W L NORTONGainesville ThirtyFourth DistrictDeKALB Newton Rockdale MELL TURNER 1 Decatur ThirtyFifth DistrictHENRY Clayton RALPH L TURNERMcDonough 9 mI 1 r A ThirtySixth DistrictMERIWETHER Coweta O W HILLiGreenville ThirtySeventh DistrictTROUPE Heard Carroll H W CALDWELLLaGrange ThirtyEighth DistrictHARALSON Polk Paulding WC MOOREpBuchanan ThirtyNinth DistrictCOBB Cherokee Douglas SAM J WELSCHMarietta Fortieth DistrictUNION Rabun Towns DR C J WELLBORNBlairsville FortyFirst DistrictPICKENS Fannin Gilmer T A CHASTAIN Talking Rock FortySecond DistrictCHATTOOGA Floyd Bartow T A COOKrSummerville FortyThird DistrictGORDON Murray Whitfield J ROY McGINTY Calhoun FortyFourth DistrictWALKER Catoosa Dade JOHN L MAVITYRossville FortyFifth DistrictBEN HILL Telfair Irwin C O WALKERiFitzgerald FortySixth DistrictBACON Coffee Pierce HOMER L CAUSEY FortySeventh DistrictTIFT Turner Colquitt GEORGE W BRANCH FortyEighth DistrictDODGE Wilcox Crisp YAWNChauncey FortyNinth DistrictBULLOCH Candler Evans DR D L DEAL Statesboro Fiftieth DistrictCLARKE Wilkes Oglethorpe DR N G SLAUGHTER Athens FifthFirst DistrictGWINNETT Forsyth J J Baggett Lawrenceville FiftySecond DistrictFULTON G EVERETT MILLICAN Atlanta 10 STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE SENATE TERM 19451946 11 i ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND Deal Chairman Drinkard Bentley ViceChairman Edwards Smith Secretary Freeman AGRICULTURE Holsenbeck Chairman Harrell of 7th Cook ViceChairman Hill Bentley Secretary Hodges Baggett Minchew Branch Moore Caldwell Nix Drake Rainey Drinkard Stone Gillis Turner of 34th Green Wellborn Welsch AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION Harrell of 7th Chairman Green Cloud ViceChairman Hawes Causey Secretary Mavity Baggett Millican Branch Moate Caldwell McGinty Daves Norton Edenfield Rainey Freeman Smith Gillis Stone Gould Turner of 34th Grayson Turner of 35th Wall 12 APPROPRIATIONS Baggett Chairman Hodges Freeman ViceChairman Millican Welsch Secretary Moate Battle Moore Branch Nix Cook Riley Drake Sabados Edenfield Smith Gould Stone Grayson Turner of 34th Hawes Turner of 35th AUDITING Branch Chairman Cook Smith ViceChairman Edwards Stone Secretary Hawes Battle Hill Bennett Holsenheck AVIATION Edenfield Chairman Grayson Millican ViceChairman Green Gould Secretary Peebles Brown Wall Drake Welsch BANKS AND BANKING Turner of 35th Chairman Hill Baggett ViceChairman Millican McGinty Secretary Moate Battle Moore Causey Sabados Chastain Stone Cloud Turner of 34th Deal Walker 13 COMMERCE Bentley Chairman McGinty Chastain ViceChairman Moore Hill Secretary Sbados Hodges CONGRESSIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE REAPPORTIONMENT Yawn Chairman Deal Sabados ViceChairman Drake Cook Secretary Grayson Baggett Walker Brown Wellborn CONSERVATION Shedd Chairman Hodges GiLlis VicChairman McGinty Branch Secretary Millican Baggett Moore Causey Norton Chastain Rainey Daves Sabados Deal Smith Drake Walker Drinkard Wall Edwards Welsh Hill Yawn CORPORATIONS Hill Chairman Freeman Drake ViceChairman Gillis Edenfield Secretary Harrell of 12th Battle Hodges Cloud Minchew COUNTY AND COUNTY MATTERS Moate Chairman Hodges Yawn ViceChairman Millican Brown Secretary Minchew Cook Nix Freeman Norton Grayson Rainey Greene Smith Harrell of 7th Welsch Hill DRAINAGE Grayson Chairman Smith Greene ViceChairman Stone Drake Secretary Turner of 35lh Mavity Yawn EDUCATION AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS Caldwell Chairman Millican McGinty ViceChairman Minchew Edwards Secretary Moore Branch v g Nix Brown Peebles Causey Sbados Daves Smith Grayson Walker Hawes Wall Hili Wellborn Hodges Welsch Holsenbeck Yawn ENGROSSING Nix Chairman Harrell of 7th Norton ViceChairman Harrell of 12th Yawn Secretary Hill Gould Wellborn 15 ENROLLMENT Drinkard Chairman Edenfield Brown ViceChairman Freeman Shedd Secretary Gould Battle Minchew FINANCE Smith Chairman Greene Branch ViceChairman Harrell of 7th Millican Secretary Harrell of 12th Brown Holsenheck Causey Mavity Chastain Nix Cloud Riley Cook Sabados Drake Turner of 34th Freeman Turner of 35th Gillis Yawn Grayson GAME AND FISH Gillis Chairman Harrell of 8th Edenfield ViceChairman Hodges Nix Secretary Hill Baggett Minchew Brown McGinty Chastain Moore Deal Smith Drake Walker Drinkard Yawn Freeman Wall Grayson 16 GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER ONE Welsch Chairman Riley ViceChairman Sabados Secretary Cloud Freeman Grayson Greene Harrell of 7th Hawes Millican Turner of 34th Yawn GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER TWO Causey Chairman Hawes ViceChairman Cloud Secretary Baggett Bennett Brown Harrell of 12th Millican Sabados Yawn HALLS AND ROOMS Baggett Chairman Battle Walker ViceChairman Slaughter Chastain Secretary HIGHWAYS AND PUBLIC ROADS Drake Chairman Turner of 35th ViceChairman Caldwell Secretary Battles Bennett Bentley Causey Chastain Daves Edwards Harrell of 12th Hawes Hill Hodges Holsenbeck Millican Moate Moore Norton Peebles Riley Shedd Slaughter Smith Stone Turner of 34th Wall Wellborn 17 HISTORICAL RESEARCH Rainey Chairman Hodges EdwardsViceChairman Nix Grayson Secretary Peebles Drinkard Wall HYGIENE AND SANITATION Daves Chairman Deal ViceChairman Wall Secretary Bennett Greene Mavity INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS Minchew Norton Slaughter Smith Stone Turner of 34th Mavity Chairman Caldwell ViceChairman Moate Secretary Branch Brown Freeman Grayson Harrell of 7th Holsenbeck Millican Norton Stone Turner of 34th Welsch INSURANCE Norton Chairman r Peebles ViceChairman Greene Secretary Branch Causey Drake Grayson Hodges Minchew Shedd Smith Stone Turner of 34th Wall Yawn i8 INTERSTATE COOPERATIVE COMMITTEE OF COUNCILS OF STATE GOVERNMENT Hawes Chairman Stone ViceChairman Drinkard Secretary Causey Moate INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT Battle Chairman Slaughter ViceChairman Deal Secretary Freeman Smith Walker JOURNALS Walker Chairman Rainey ViceChairman Moore Secretary Battle r r s Bennett Drake Gillis Sabados MANUFACTURES Harrell of 12th Chairman Gould ViceChairman Battle Secretary Branch Chastain Hill Moate Shedd MILITARY AFFAIRS Gould Chairman Hodges ViceChairman Bennett Secretary Drake Grayson Harrell of 7th Norton Smith Stone Wellborn MINES AND MINING Chastain Chairman Nix ViceChairman Slaughter Secretary Battle Deal Drinkard Hawes McGinty MOTOR VEHICLES Greene Chairman Drake Moate ViceChairman Drinkard Gillis Secretary Hill Baggett Mavity Branch Millican Causey Minchew Cloud Stone Cook Turner of Daves Wellborn MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT Turner of 34th Chairman Drake Causey ViceChairman Drinkard Rainey Secretary Millican Baggett Norton Branch Smith Cook Welsch PENSIONS Hodges Chairman Gould Harrell of the 7th ViceChairman Harrell of Riley Secretary Minchew Cook Rainey Drake Sabados Edwards Shedd 20 PENITENTIARY Mavity Chairman Drake Hill ViceChairman Edenfield Gillis Secretary Edwards Bennett Freeman Bentley Gould Causey Greene Hawes Harrell of 7th Hodges Sabados Moate Smith Nix Stone Rainey Walker Riley Yawn PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS Bennett Chairman Battle ViceChairman Turner of 35th Secretary Edenfield Gould Harrell of 12th Rainey Shed d PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR Brown Chairman Rainey Minchew ViceChairman Wall Harrell of 12th Secretary Yawn Daves PUBLIC LIBRARY Rainey Chairman Bennett Wall ViceChairman Turner of 34th Hodges Secretary PUBLIC PRINTING McGinty Chairman Bentley Drinkard ViceChairman Edenfield Holsenbeck Secretary Yawn Battle 21 PUBLIC PROPERTY Moore Chairman r Caldwell Welsch ViceChairman Hawes Baggett Secretary Hill Branch Rainey J o PUBLIC UTILITIES Millican Chairman Drinkard Mavity ViceChairman Harrell of 7th Daves Secretary Moate Baggett Slaughter Brown Smith Cook Stone Deal Drake Lj c Os 7 Wall T X C PUBLIC WELFARE VO Minchew Chairman V Harrell of 7th Wellborn ViceChairman Hawes Mavity Secretary Moate Baggett Moore Caldwell Peebles Daves r V Stone Greene RULES Mr President Chairman 0 Hodges Millican ViceChairman Mavity Freeman Secretary Minchew 0 0 Baggett Moate Branch McGinty Daves Peebles Drake Smith Grayson Stone 00 0 5 Greene Wall Hawes Welsch r Hill J2 SCHOOL POR TH DAF Cook Chairman Daves Holsenbeck ViceChairman Harrell of 12th Peebles Secretary v Moore Battle Sabados Cloud V J SPECIAL JUDICIARY Cloud Chairman Hawes Harrell of 12th ViceChairman 1 Millican T Harrell of 7th Secretary Moate Branch Riley Causey Sabados Grayson r Walker Greene 1 Welsch 1 Hill r STATE OF THE REPUBLIC Freeman Chairman Hawes Grayson ViceChairman Mavity Millican Secretary Minchew Branch V Stone Greene STATE SANITARIUM i i Wall Gharrman Grayson Deal ViceChairman Greene Wellborn Secretary Hill Branch Moate Bennett Peebles Daves TEMPERANCE J v S vV Peebles Chairman Grayson Daves ViceChairman Hawes Minchew Secretary Sabados Deal Slaughter Drake Smith V Edenfield Stone Gillis Turner of 35th Gould Wall TRAINING SCHOOLS Edwards Chairman Hodges Moore ViceChairman Mavity Greene Secretary Minchew Causey McGinty Cloud Stone TUBERCULOSIS SANITARIUM AT ALTO Wellborn Chairman Drinkard Bennett ViceChairman Nix Turner of the 34th Secretary Norton Bentley Riley Brown Shedd UNIFORM LAWS Riley Chairman Shedd ViceChairman Hawes Secretary Bentley Caldwell Chastain Gillis McGinty Slaughter Turner of 35th UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA Slaughter Chairman Turner of 34th ViceChairman Drake Secretary Bentley Branch Caldwell Causey Gould Grayson Harrell of 7th Harrell of 12th Hill Holsenbeck Mavity Millican Riley Shedd Smith Turner of 35th Wellborn 24 VETERANS AFFAIRS Stone Chairman Grayson ViceChairman Norton Secretary Bennett Bentley Cook Deal Drake Edwards Gillis Gould Holsenbeck Millican Turner of 34th Wellborn WESTERN ATLANTIC RAILROAD Sbados Chairman Hill Cook ViceChairman Walker Secretary Battle Bentley Caldwell Causey Edenfield Edwards Harrell of 12th Holsenbeck Mavity Nix Shedd Slaughter Stone Turner of 35th Wellborn 25 RULES OF THE SENATE 27 THE PRESIDENT Rule 1 The President shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful Rule 2 In all cases of election by the Senate the President shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the Senate shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the President may vote Rule 3 When two or more Senators shall rise at the same time the President shall name the Senator entitled to proceed Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the President unless otherwise ordered by the Senate Rule 5 The method of stating the question on any motion by the President shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the President or a division of the Senate is called for by any one member of the Senate the President shall call upon the Senators in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the Secretary he shall call upon the Senators to reverse their positions and the President shall announce the result Discretion of President When President shall vote Right of Senator to the floor to be decided by the President President to appoint committees Method of stating a question by the President 29 President may name preside Duty of Secretary when President absent When no debate on appeals Appeals tq be made at once Power of President to suspend subordinate officrs When President may order galleries and lobbies cleared Eule 6 The President may during a days sitting name any Senator to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer Eule 7 Whenever from any cause the President shall be absent the President pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Secretary of the Senate shall call the Senate to order and shall preside until a President pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the Senate The President pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease Eule 8 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate Eule 9 All appeals from the decisions of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before shid appeal is sought to be made fi V v Eule 10 The President shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the Senate within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the Senate may see fit to take in the premises Eule 11 The President shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the Senate cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in ease of disturbance or disorderly conduct there in and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of 30 theSenate to be dealt with foi contempt of the Senate Rnle 12 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the Senate the President may order the door of the Senate to be closed and the roll of Senators called by the Secretary and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the Senate and any Senator present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the Senate Rule 13 The President may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the Senate discloses the fact that a quorum of the Senate has not voted Rule 14 All questions as to priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the President without debate ON DECORUM AND DEBATE Rule 15 When any Senator is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the Senate he shall arise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr President He shall be confined to matter in debate shall speak not more than twice on any subject nor more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken After the first thirty days of the regular session all individual speeches on bills and resolutions shall be limited to thirty minutes unless extended by a majority of a quorum and on all points of personal privilege shall be limited to ten minutes If any Senator in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the Senate No quorum voting duty of President When President may order vote taken by yeas and nays Decision on questions of priority Conduct of Senators debate 31 Appeals Expulsion See Rule 147 Exception to Words spoken Silence the President shall call him to order in which case the Senator so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The Senate shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the Senate he not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the Senate by a twothirds vote of the Senators which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays Eule 16 If any Senator be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Secretary and read then admitted denied or explained by the Senator who spoke and thereupon the questions of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the Senate may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the Senate is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been disposed of or until such further time as may then be ordered by the Senate But no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the Senate for words spoken in debate if any other Senator has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken Eule 17 The members of the Senate shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking Senator shall have taken his seat 32 Rule 18 The Senators shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the districts they represent Rule 19 No Senator shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is personally interested and in every case where the seat of a Senator is being contested the sitting Senator and the contestant shall both retire from the Senate before the vote is taken Rule 20 Any Senator may have entered on the Journal a protest in writing against the action of the Senate said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the Senate nor any members thereof Rule 21 No Senator shall address the Senate nor interogate a Senator who is speaking except through the President and if the Senator speaking declines to be interrupted the President shall cause the Senator desiring to interrogate him to be silent Rule 22 No Senator shall pass between the Chair and a Senator while he is speaking nor shall any Senator at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the President retires Rule 23 No Senator shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another Senator or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the House except as to the final action taken by the House in any pending matter Rule 24 No smoking shall be allowed in the Senate Chamber during the sessions of the Sen 33 Mode of designating Senators Shall not vote when interested in result Protests Duty while Senator is speaking and at adjournment Restrictions in debate Applause and hisses forbidden No debate during yeas and nays Only one motion be made at a time Explanation Reading of papers Motion to excuse when made ate nor shall conversation be permitted within the Chamber Enle 25 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall he allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged Eule 26 Applause or hisses in the Senate Chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall he promptly suppressed Eule 27 During the calling or reading of ayes and nays on any question no debate shall be had Eule 28 No Senator can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the Senate he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the President Eule 29 On all questions except such as are not debatable any Senator on the call of the ayes and nays shall be allowed five minutes as a matter of right in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no Senator shall he allowed to explain except by unanimous consent No motion or request shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a Senator s time for explaining Eule 30 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any Senator it shall be determined by a vote of the Senate and this motion shall be decided without debate Eule 31 A motion to excuse a Senator from voting must be made before the Senate divides p I jallef1 I pi BI j 35 gp l Hilary life 1 li liste lie G I lip 1 F18 1 igoi I lrsi lip m I seaibil 34 or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the Senator making the motioji may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail Eule 32 No Senator shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then move to table the bill resolution or motion or move the previous question thereon without relinquishing the floor DIVISION OF A QUESTION Eule 33 Any one Senator may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it Eule 34 The Senator calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself and be consistent and entire BILLS AND EESOLUTIONS Eule 35 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Secretary shall distinctly state its number and the name of the Senator by whom introduced Provided that the General Appropriation Bill and the General Tax Bill shall have precedence on third reading over all othef matters even Special Orders until the said bills shall have been finally disposed of Eule 36 Every motion or request to take up general bills or resolutions out of their regular Excuses from voting Call for division Division how made Bills and resolutions called in order Proviso What motions to be in writing 35 Question on first reading Effect of favorable report of committee Adverse report of committee Bills when withdrawn order and every motion or request for special orders sliall be submitted in writing and reported upon by tbe Committee on Rules before being submitted to the Senate Rule 37 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any bill or resolution or other mat ter requiring reference to a committee the President shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the Senate In case of engrossment of any bill or other mat ter the entry thereof shall be made by the Secretary and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed Rule 38 Where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill etc the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question unless recommitted Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill etc in order to have a second reading thereof any Senator may at the time such report is made give notice of intention to move at the proper time to disagree to such adverse committee report when the question shall be upon agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill etc shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill etc shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Provided that no bill etc adversely reported shall be taken up for a second reading except by motion of some Senator Any bill etc may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the Senate Rule 39 When a bill etc favorably reported SSSS2 by a committee is on its third or last reading if the report of the committee is disagreed to by the Senate the bill or measures shall be lost unless the action of the Senate in disagreeing to the committee report is reconsidered within the proper time Rule 40 The President shall not recognize any Senator at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to place any general bill on its passage out of its regular order Neither shall he recognize any request for unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter or to read any bill or resolution the second time or to place any local bill or resolution on its passage except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal The President shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time Rule 41 Where a bill or a resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the Senate Rule 42 All bills and resolutions shall be Bills and written or printed and shall have the name of the Senator introducing the same as well as wntmsr the district he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption how inof the bill shall also be indorsed on the same dor8ed All bills and resolutions having the force and effect of law shall when introduced have attached an exact copy and said copy shall be retained by the Secretary subject to use as information but the original bill or resolution shall be for the exclusive use of the Senate and 37 Bills when printed Bill when printed extra session Transmission to House by majority vote Order of precedence the committee towhich it is assigned and shall be the official bill or resolution of the Senate and shall not be subject to any other use Rule 43 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the Senate by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the Senate agreeing thereto Rule 43A During extra sessions of the General Assembly all bills and resolutions having the effect of law except purely local bills shall upon being reported back to the Senate with recommendation that the bill or resolution do pass be printed or mimeographed and a copy placed upon each Senators desk at least one hour before such bill or resolution shall be read a third time Rule 44 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the House on the day of the passage thereof unless a majority of the Senators present shall so order Rule 45 The Committee on Rules during the last fifteen legislative days of each session shall arrange and fix the calendar of business for each day and such calendar of business shall be a standing and continuing special order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order and manner fixed by such calendar except by a threefourths vote of those present A PRECEDENCE of motions Rule 46 When any subject is before the Senate for consideration or under debate no mo 38 tion shall be received except the following towit V 1st A motion to adjourn 2d A motion to lay on table 3d A motion for the previous question 4th A motion to postpone indefinitely 5th A motion to postpone to a day certain 6th A motion to commit 7th A motion to amend Which said several motions shall have precedence in the order named MOTION TO ADJOURN Rule 47 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the Senate A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended Rule 48 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the Senate is not actually engaged in other business is debatable and is amendable as to the day or time proposed Rule 49 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the Senator moving it can legitimately obtain the floor Rule 50 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Secretary has called the first name of the ayes and nays and a vote of one Senator has been given or Not debatable when may be Renewed Amendment When debatable When made When not in order 39 Effect of adjourn ment Hours of adjournment What business postponed Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table How matters may be taken from table When renewed Not debat able or amendable after a division of the Senate has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced Rule 51 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the Senate to the next sitting day or time in course Rule 52 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the Senate is being taken by the ayes and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the Senate is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the ayes and nays as aforesaid the Senate shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE Rule 53 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order Rule 54 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the Senate is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken from the table it is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar Rule 55 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes Rule 56 Neither the motion to lay on the table 40 nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable Rule 57 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again Eule 58 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION Rule 59 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except motions to adjourn or to lay on the table and when it is moved the first question shall be Shall the call forthe previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority vote in the affirmative the motion to adjourn or to lay on the table can still be made but they must be made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative and after said last question is affirmatively decided by a majority vote said motions will be out of order and the Senate cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives Rule 60 When the previous question has been ordered the Senate shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate When the report of What can be tabled When in order Effect of previous question Twenty minutes debate allowed 41 Vote how taken Yeas and nays Onefifth necessary Effect of main question being ordered Reconsideration when in order Contested elections the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before the time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such Senators as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule Rule 61 After the main question is ordered any Senator may call for a division of the Senate in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays but on all questions on which the yeas and nays are called the assent of onefifth of the number present shall be necessary to sustain the call and when such call is sustained the yeas and nays shall be entered on the Journal Rule 62 The effect of the order that the 1 main question be now put is to bring the Senate to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved Rule 63 After the main question has been ordered a motion to reconsider this action will if adopted have the effect to repeal the ordering of both the main question and the previous question and will leave the pending measure again open to debate and amendment This motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question can be made only once and if lost or if the main question is again subsequently ordered on the pending measure no second motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question shall be entertained Rule 64 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any matter if the pre 42 viotis question is ordered there shall he twenty minutes allowed to the members of said committee whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report Rule 65 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection Rule 66 A call of the Senate shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the President that a quorum is not present Rule 67 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE Rule 68 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session Rule 69 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended Rule 70 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend How called and ordered Call of the Senate when in order Questiona of order Effect Not amendable When cannot be applied 43 Not renewed Debate when and how allowed Motion to commit Precedence of yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule Rule 71 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has cfnce been voted down MOTION to POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN Rule 72 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another This motion cannot be renewed or made a second time to the same measure on the same day Rule 73 The motion to postpone to a day certain cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but only to the whole measure It is amendable by substituting one day or time for another If a day proposed is known to be beyond the limits of the Session the motion shall be treated as one to indefinitely postpone MOTION TO COMMIT Rule 74 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee Rule 75 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on 44 V Rnle 76 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated Rule 77 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the Senator making the motion Rule 78 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same of any other committee by a majority of a quorum MOTION TO AMEND Rule 79 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit 1st By inserting or adding words 2nd By striking out words 3rd By striking out and inserting words An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment Any irrelevant amendment or amendment obviously offered for the purpose of delay shall be ruled out of order by the President Rule 80 When a bill or resolution is before the Senate for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the Senate to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the When debatable How amended Motion to recommit Amendments how made Bill first perfected then the substitute 45 When too late to amend Must be in writing Priority Blanks Caption when amended Amending by sections substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be 11 Shall this bill pass or p resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute Rule 81 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was j referred the bill or resolution under considera I tion has been agreed to by the Senate unless i said action of the Senate in so agreeing to said 1 report of said committee shall first be recon f sidered Rule 82 All motions to amend any matter before the Senate must be in writing and must 1 plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment 1 desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added Rule 83 On all questions whether in committee or in the Senate the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put Rule 84 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend Rule 85 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected Rule 86 When a propostion consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the Senate shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Secretary in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Secretary without any motion being made in the Senate and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur back and amend it Rule 87 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Secretary shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended Rule 88 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a paragraph any amendment offered to perfect the paragraph shall be put first before the question it put for striking it out Rule 89 When any bill or resolution which originated in the Senate has been amended in the House and is before the Senate for action on the House amendment an amendment may be offered in the Senate to the House amendment but the Senate amendment to the House amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down Rule 90 A motion to amend an amendment made by the House to a Senate bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment Rule 91 The questions which arise before the Senate respecting amendments by the House to a Senate bill or resolution are Amendments by striking out and inserting Priority of amendment to perfect Amending House amendments See Buie 130 Priority Priority of questions on House amendments 47 Motion to reconsider Shall not be withdrawn when When there may be one reconsideration When in order 1st A motion to agree to the House amendment 2d A motion to disagree to the House amendment 3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment 4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment 5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment They take precedence in the above order BECONSIDEBATION Buie 92 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any Senator to move for reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter that has been previously reconsidered provided such Senator shall notify the Senate of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed Buie 93 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made Buie i 94 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once Buie 95 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the time for unanimous consents on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on 48 the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Provided a motion to reconsider the action of the Senate ordering immediate transmission of any bill or resolution to the House shall be made and disposed of before the transaction of other business Rule 96 The action of the Senate upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates Rule 97 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading ABSENTEES Rule 98 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the Senate shall not be dispensed with except by a majority vote of the Senators present Rule 99 Upon the call of the Senators ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Secretary and shall appear upon the Journal COMPELLING ATTENDANCE Rule 100 The power to compel the attendance of Senators in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the President and to this end he may have the doors of the Senate closed When the doors are so closed no Senator shall be allowed to retire from the Senate without first obtaining leave from the Senate The Messenger of the Senate shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the Senate and on or Amendments when reconsidered Place on calendar Morning rollcall dispensed with by majority vote Names of absentees noted Sergeantatarms Power to compel attendance 49 Call how ordered Subsequent proceedings Messages Messages when received and considered der of the President may arrest any absentees and bring them before the Senate when neces sary to secure a quorum as aforesaid CALL OF THE SENATE Rule 101 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present or when the President shall officially state the fact to the Senate it shall be in order for any Senator to make a motion for a call of the Senate and when this motion is made the President shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the Senate prevail and if five of the Senators present shall vote in the affirmative the President shall order the Secretary to call the roll of Senators and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by order of the majority of the Senators present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the Senate shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged MISCELLANEOUS RULES Rule 102 When a message is sent to the Senate it shall be announced at the door of the Senate by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully comunicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent Rule 103 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a ques 50 tion is being put or a ballot or a viva voce vote is being taken A messageshall be presented to the Senate by the President when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business on which the Senate is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the Senate Buie 104 After a motion is stated by the President or read by the Secretary it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Senate but may be withdrawn at any time before decision by consent of the Senate Buie 105 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading Buie 106 Any motion to suspend the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate Buie 107 Any motion not privileged containing new matters shall lie at least one day on the table Buie 108 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Secretary shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting Buie 109 Where a motion is made by any Senator it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the Senate Buie 110 After the announcement of the standing committees no other Senators shall be placed thereon unless it be at the request of a Motions Petitions memorials etc No debate Motions not privileged Record Not necessary to second motion Committees how and when enlarged 51 Privileges of the floor Duty of Committee on Journals Adjourn ment majority of the committee to be added threto except when Senators have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the President may assign said Senators to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships Rule 111 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the Senate except the Senators and officers of the Senate the officers and members of the House the President of the United States and Cabinet members the Governor of the State and the heads of the offices of the Executive Department exGovernors Judges of the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals in actual commission expresiding officers of the Senate and House members of Congress from Georgia Governors and members of the Legislature of any State of the United States members of the press actually reporting legislative proceedings and such others as the Senate may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor but the privilege of the floor shall be extended to no person for a period longer than two days and not more than twice during any session Rule 112 It shall be the duty of the committee on Journals to read the Journal of each day s proceedings and report to the Senate that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Secretary Rule 113 The hours of the morning sessions of the Senate shall be from 10 o clock A M to one oclock P M when the Senate shall stand adjourned until ten oclock A M of the next succeeding day Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the Senate 52 Buie 114 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate Buie 115 All writs warrants supoenas issued by order of the Senate shall be signed by the President and attested by the Secretary Buie 116 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the Senate while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the President and to execute the demands of the Senate from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the President Buie 117 The Messenger under the direction of the Secretary shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them Buie 118 No committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendments recommended on separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendments relate Buie 119 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting Buie 120 Whenever any Senator moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the President shall appoint a committee on the part of the Senate and in such case the committee Motion for yeas and nays not debatable Signature of President and Secretary Duty of Messenger Messengers duty in distributing documents etc Interlineation forbidden Pairing Committees of Conference 53 Amend ments Free debate Motion Majority and minority reports What motions lie on table Changing votes shall consist only of such Senators as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the Senate and if by inadvertence any Senator be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the Senate and be excused by the President Rule 121 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the Senate it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the Senate but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment Rule 122 No Senator shall after debating any question and before yielding the floor be allowed to submit any motion the effect of which shall be to prevent further debate Rule 123 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment If a motion be made to strike out a part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend the part proposed to be stricken out shall be first on order Rule 124 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent Rule 125 Every motion for information from the Executive or other Departments shall lie on the table one day unless referred to a committee by vote of the Senate Rule 126 On the call of the yeas and nays the Secretary shall read the names of the Sena 54 tors after they have been called and no Senator shall Jbe permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question Rule 127 Questions of the privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the Senate collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of Senators individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions Provided that when any matter is pending before the Senate no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question is disposed of Rule 128 In all elections a majority of the Senators present shall he necessary to a choice Rule 129 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays are called and recorded All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money must originate in the House of Representatives hut the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills Rule 130 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall he entered on the Journal and when any amendment to the Constitution shall be agreed to by a twothirds vote of members elected such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on the Journal in full with the years and nays taken thereon Questions of privilege Elections Appropriating money yeas and nays called and recorded Must originate in House Rejjresenta f tivei Amendment to Constitution entered in full in journals 55 Caption or title only to be read in local bills Secretary to take oath and give bond Oath of enrolling and engrossing Clerks Must be examined by enrolling committee and be recommended by it as competent Secretary must enter on journals proceedings of joint sessions Rule 131 The first and second reading of local bills shall consist of the reading of the titles only unless said bill is ordered engrossed Rule 132 The Secretary and Assistant Secretary shall before entering on their duties as such take an oath before their presiding officer to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge and the Secretary shall enter into bond in the sum of 5000 conditioned for faithful discharge of his duties Said bond to be approved by President of Senate Rule 133 All engrossing and enrolling clerks before entering upon the discharge of their respective duties shall take an oath before the President of Senate to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge of which a minute shall be made and entered on the Journals and no jouranalizing recording enrolling or engrossing clerk shall be appointed by the Secretary of Senate until such clerk has been examined by the Enrolling Committee and certified to be competent and well qualified for the discharge of the duties required of him and shall be removed at any time upon recommendation of the Enrolling Committee Rule 134 When there is a meeting of both branches of the General Assembly in joint session the Secretary shall enter in the journal of the Senate the proceedings of the same 56 COMMITTEES Rule 135 The President shall appoint the following standing committees Committee on Academy for the Blind Committee on Agriculture Committee on Amendments to Constitution Committee on Appropriations Committee on Auditing Committee on Aviation Committee on Banks and Banking Committee on Commerce Committee on Congressional and Legislative Re apportionment Committee on Conservation Cojnmittee on Corporations Committee on Counties and County Matters Committee on Drainage Committee on Education and Public Schools No 1 Committee on Education and Public Schools No 2 Committee on Engrossing Committee on Enrollment Committee on Finance Committee on Game and Fish Committee on General Judiciary No One Committee on General Judiciary No Two Committee on Halls and Rooms Committee on Highways and Public Roads Committee on Historical Research Committee on Hygiene and Sanitation Committee on Industrial Relations Committee on Insurance Committee on Interstate Cooperative Council of State Government Committee on Internal Improvements 57 Committee on Journals Committee on Manufactures Committee on Military Affairs Committee on Mines and Mining Committee on Motor Vehicles Committee on Municipal Government Committee on Penitentiary Committee on Pensions Committee on Privileges and Elections Committee on Privileges of the Floor Committee on Public Library Committee on Public Printing Committee on Public Property Committee on Public Utilities Committee on Public Welfare Committee on Rules Committee Committee Committee Committee Committee Committee Committee Alto Committee on School for the Deaf on Special Judiciary on State of the Republic on State Sanitarium on Temperance on Training Schools on Tuberculosis Sanitarium at on Uniform Laws Committee on University System of Georgia Committee on Western and Atlantic Railroad The Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Finance and the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Finance shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations 58 ORDER OF BUSINESS Rule 136 The following shall be the order of business 1 Prayer by the Chaplain 2 Call of the Roll 3 Report of Committee on Journals 4 Notices of motions to reconsider 5 Reading the Journal 6 Motions to reconsider 7 Confirmations of the Journal 8 Unanimous consents 9 Reports of Standing Committees 10 Reports of Select Committees 11 Messages from the Governor 12 Unfinished business 13 Special Orders and Orders of the Day 14 Messages from the House of Representatives 15 Introduction of bills etc the first time on Mondays Wednesdays and Thursdays 16 Reading House Bills etc the first time for reference f 17 Reading bills etc second time favorably reported from committees 18 Consideration of bills etc adversely reported on Tuesdays and Fridays 19 Reading for third time of bills etc ready for passage 20 Motions resolutions and petitions Rule 137 The report of the Committee on Rules shall be in order at any time and messages from the Governor or from the House of Representatives may be received under any order of business 59 Rule 138 No change of or addition to these rules shall he made unless such proposed change or addition be submitted in writing and referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the Senate Rule 139 The rules of the Senate shall in no case be suspended or changed or the order of business changed except by a twothirds vote a quorum of the Senate being present and voting Rule 140 The Auditing Committee before auditing the account of any Senator for expenses as a Committeeman or incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of the Senate shall require of him an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item whenever the same is practicable Rule 141 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies 60 CONSTITUTIONAL EULES Eule 142 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4 Eule 143 Each Senator and Eepresentative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7 Eule 144 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14 Eule 145 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6 Eule 146 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12 What is a quorum Compelling attendance Oath of members Majority required to pass bill Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays 61 Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays Revenue bills Reading of bills One subject matter etc An amendment to laws and sections of Code Rule 147 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21 Rule 148 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third reading of local bills must be full and complete Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5 Rule 149 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10 Rule 150 No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8 Rule 151 No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17 62 Rule 152 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provisions have been made by existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1 Pule 153 The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18 Rule 154 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer Rule 155 The General Appropriations bill shall embrace nothing except appropriation fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the General laws how varied Consent and when required Corpora tions Power delegated to courts Relief of recognizance What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appriations by separate bills 63 Adjourn ment Elections Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote January session limited to ten days support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall he made by separate hills each embracing but one subject Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9 Eule 156 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24 Eule 157 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Eepresentatives When the Senate and House of Eepresentatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Eepresentative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result Art 3 Sec 10 Par lj Eule 158 No bill or ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13 Eule 159 The General Assembly shall meet on the second Monday in January 1933 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the 64 day shall be changed by law Such session shall continue no longer than ten 10 days The General Assembly shall reconvene in Regular regular session on the second Monday after the limited to 4th of July 1933 and biennially thereafter on sixty days the same date until the date shall be changed by law No such regular session shall continue longer than sixty 60 days Rule 160 Each House shall be the judge of Election the election returns and qualifications of its conduct members and shall have the power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by Expulsion censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but iy twono member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1 Rule 161 No provision of this Constitution signature for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the Gen whenvernor eral Assembly shall be construed to waive the requireinecessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23 Rule 162 The Governor shall have the jg Governors vision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Effect of Sunday excepted after it has been presented 65 When Governor must approve Effect of twothirds vote Twothirds vote required Twothirds vote required on amendments to Constitution to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not he effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16 Eule 163 Every note resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House Art 5 Sec 1 Par 17 Eule 164 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4 Eule 165 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Eepresentatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1 Rule 166 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2 Rule 167 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries not to exceed four thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Court shall have salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called Salaries of judges 67 May be changed by a twothirds vote Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such changes shall affect the officers then in commission Art 6 Sec 13 Pars 1 and 2 Rule 168 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16 8 RULES FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SENATE IN EXECUTIVE SESSION 1 When nominations shall be made by the Governor to the Senate a future day shall be assigned for their considerations unless the Senate directs otherwise 2 When acting on executive business the Senate shall be cleared of all persons except the Senators the Secretary and Assistant Secretary 3 All information or remarks touching or concerning the character or qualifications of any person nominated by the Governor for office shall be kept secret 4 The Legislative and Executive proceedings of the Senate shall be kept in separate and distinct books except that a copy of the message transmitting information of definite action on appointments of the Governor shall be placed in the regular Journals of the Senate 5 All nominations approved by the Senate or otherwise definitely acted on shall be transmitted by the Secretary to the Governor with the determination of the Senate thereon from day to day as such proceedings may occur but no further extract from the Executive Journal shall be furnished published or otherwise communicated except as provided in Rule 4 during any session except by special order of the Senate and in transmitting the determination of the Senate thereon the Secretary shall in no instance furnish a list of the names of Senators voting in the affirmative or negative but only 69 the fact of confirmation or rejection and the numerical vote and the record of votes shall he sealed and transmitted to the Secretary of States office there to be placed on file 6 A majority of a quorum shall be necessary to confirm the nomination to any office made by the Governor and sent to the Senate for ap proval When nominations are made by the Governor for any office which require the assent and approval of the Senate in executive session after the Secretary shall read the name of the party nominated and the position to which he is appointed the President shall put to the Senate the following Shall the nomination of the Governor be confirmed by the Senate Those who favor the confirmation will as your names are called vote Aye those opposed vote No After the roll is called the President will announce the result of the ballot and declare the result as follows It appears from the vote that a majority of the Senators have voted to confirm the appointment made by the Governor the same is hereby confirmed by the Senate or A majority of the Senators have voted against the confirmation of the nomination made by the Governor it is therefore rejected by the Senate 7 No Senator will be at liberty at any time or under any circumstances to expose or publish anything transpiring in executive session except only such matters as are required to be disclosed under the rules It is the intent and meaning of this rule that the business transacted in executive session shall be sacred and free from exposure to the outside world that every Senator shall be on his honor concerning the same RULES FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN ASSEMBLED IN JOINT SESSION 1 The time of the meeting of the two houses in joint session shall be determined by the concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law 2 The elections shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result 3 The votes are to be taken for but one election at the same time and a majority of the whole number of votes cast is necessary to a choice 4 The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet in joint session in the hall of the House of Representatives on the first Monday of every session at 10 oclock a m or at such time as may be fixed by joint resolution of both houses for the purpose of electing such officers of said State as are now or may hereafter be required to be elected by the General Assembly Said joint session shall continue in morning and afternoon sessions from day to day until all of said officers are elected 5 At the hour determined by the concurrent 71 resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives 6 The President of the Senate shall preside and announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening the same He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may he taken from any of his decisions to the whole General Assembly 7 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate 8 In announcing a candidate the mover shall not make any commendatory or other remarks 9 After a person is nominated for any office in joint session of the General Assembly it shall not be in order to second such nomination and when the nomination is declared closed the President shall forthwith order the rollcall and each member when called shall rise in his seat and respond promptly announcing distinctly his choice for such office 10 In the elections by the General Assembly no member after having voted shall be allowed to change his vote unless he will rise and state in his place that he voted by mistake or that his vote had been recorded by mistake 11 No debate shall be in order except as to questions of order 12 No motion to adjourn shall be in order In lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in the form That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved or That the joint 72 session of the General Assembly be now dissolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence of the former 13 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall always he in order except that after the call of the roll has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate 14 When a motion to dissolve the joint session shall he decided in the negative the same shall not again he in order until other business shall have intervened 15 When a motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or to a fixed time shall he decided in the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber 16 The majority of each house shall he necessary to constitute a quorum of the joint session 17 These rules may he amended by the concurrent resolution of the two houses and they or either of them shall cease to he in force when either house shall notify the other house of the withdrawal of its consent to the same 73 INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF Senate of Georgia ABSENTEES KuleNo Arrest of when100 101 Call of SenateI oi Names recorded in Journal 9I Roll Call dispensed with when gg Secretary duty as to Absentees 99 ADJOURN MOTION TO Amendable not 47 Debatable not 47 Definite time debatable when 4g Definite time Amendable when 4g Division not in order during1 50 Effect when motion prevails 51 Main Question Ordered not in order 50 59 Precedence of 4g 49 Previous Question motion for sustained motion to adjourn in order 5059 Shall not be made second time when 47 When in orderU47495059 When not in order 50 59 Yeas and Nays beings called not in order 50 ADJOURNMENT Constitutional time limit 113 Courtesy to President at 22 Effect when hour of arrives while Senate is acting under previous question 52 59 Effect when hour of arrives while vote is being taken by Yeas and Nays gg Hour of Fixed by Senate 113 ADVERSE REPORT Bills and Resolutions adversely reported taken up when 38 Debate on Effect of on bills 3g Second Reading after when 00 74 11059 649 AMENDMENTS Adjourn motion to not amendable Adjourn to definite time amendable when Applicable to Amendments Rule No 47 48 Si 79 Amendments to Amendments not amendable Bills and Resolutions amended by sections 79 yb Bills and Resolutions perfected before substitute Bills and Resolutions perfected before caption Blanks must be filled in before By Committee Commit motion to amendable how 80 85 84 118 77 Committee Amendments take precedence Committee shall not deface or interline bill but report amendments on separate paper Caption not considered until Bill perfected Engrossment Effect of General Appropriations Bill Senate may amend General Tax Bill Senate may amend Germane must be House Amendments to S B 118 85 37 129 129 123 8991 89 90 House Amendments to S B may be amended House Amendments to S B Priority of motion to amend House Amendments to S B Priority of Questions on 91 House Amendments to S B Senate Amendment to not subject to amendment Priority of r Priority of to perfect part proposed to be stricken 88123 1 121 11 46 69 73 96 118 Priority of on passage of bill Precedence of motion to amend Postpone indefinitely motion to not amendable Postpone definitely amendable Reconsideration of when Report of by committee Report of Committee agreed to amendments after 81 Requirements of motion to amendSecretary duty of when amendments made to bill and resolutions by sections Secretary duty of in amending by inserting and striking out Strike out motion to part to be stricken considered first Section by Table amendments motion to not in order Table motion to lay on or take from not amendable 82 86 87 123 86 53 56 75 Rule No Ways of makingL5 79 When too late 81 86 When made bill being considered by sections86 Writing motion to amend must be in h J82 AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION Journal proposed recorded in 130 Yeas and Nays recorded on V 130 Majority required 130 APPEALS From Presidents decision 9 Member called to Order may appeali 15 No debate on appeals of personal character 8 Time of making 9 APPLAUSE Prohibited in Galleries or Senate Chamber 26 APPROPRIATIONS General Bill right of way 35 House must originate 129 Senate may amend appropriation billgI 129 Yeas and Nays required l 129 ATTENDANCE Arrest of senators for nonattendance100101 i Call of SenateI 100 Messengers duty as to VI100 101 Power to compel inn 101 President duty as toTT inn 101 AUDITING COMMITTEE Accounts of members duty as to 140 BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Adverse Committee report on 38 Amendments to 79 Amendments to passed on before caption or preamble considered gg Amendments Bill perfected first1 80 v jAmendinents to too late 8186 Amendments by sections 86 Amendments to when too late bill being considered by rf sections s gg Amendments to by striking and inserting 87 Amendments by committees how reported ns Bills perfected before substitutes 80 76 Rule No Caption not cbnsidered until bill perfected 85 Committee amendments take precedence 121 Committee amendments how reportedi 118 Committee reports on precedence of 41 Committee Report on effect of disposal of 3839 Committee Report favorable effect of 3860 Committee Report unfavorable effect of 3860 Commit motion to1 467477 Commitment to Committees4 37 Debate none on first reading 3 Deface or interline no committee shall 118 Disagreement to favorable committee report effect of 39 Engrossment effect of37 Entries on to be made by secretary 37 n 42 First Reading no debate General Appropriations bill takes precedence 33 General bills not placed for passage out of order by unanimous consent General Tax Bill take precedence Intermediate transmission to house 44 Local Bills effect of engrossment 131 Local Bills First and Second Reading 131 Local Bills third reading and placement for passage by unanimous consent j 40 Precedence of President duty to commit 3 Printing of 43 Reading of by unanimous consent44 Recommit motion tovAr 7 AQ Requirements of Reported by committee bill may be amended before report agreed to Reconsideration 9297 Reconsideration effect off Second Reading after adverse committee report Secretary duty of in amending by striking and inserting Secretary state author and number of when reading Secretary to call in order on calendar Special committee motion to commit to Strike out motion to part to be stricken considered first Unanimous consent for reading or consideration Withdrawal of Substitute Bill perfected before 121 77 CALL OF THE SENATE Rule No Contempt on W 12 When in order 12101 When main question orderedI 66 CAPTION Not considered until bill perfected i 85 CHANGE OF VOTES How and whenI 126 COMMITTEES Amendments by how reported 118 Amendments by takes precedence 121 Appointment of 4135 Appropriations exofficio members ofj 135 Bills not to be interlined or defaced by 118 Chairmen Appropriations and Finance exofficio members 135 Change after announcementa 110 Commit to motion to 7478 Conference how and when constitutedf 120 Enlarged how iI110 Exofficio members oflI1 135 Finance exofficio members of 135 President appoint Ir 4135 President exofficio member of rules committee 135 Reports order of precedenceii 41 Recommit to motion to78 Senators elected to fill vacancies committee assignments 110 Standing committees 135 COMMIT MOTION TO Amended how2 77 Applicable to what 74 Debate simple motion not debatable 76 Debate motion to commit with instructions debatable 76 Precedence among other motions 46 Precedence among motions to commit 75 Special Committee to 74 75 Standing committee to takes precedence 75 Recommit motion to 78 CONTEMPT By Outsiders By Senators 2101 On Call of the Senate 12101 78 CONVERSATION Rule No Prohibited in Senate chamberi 24 Presidents right to suppress 1 Senators refrain from when 17 DEBATE Adjourn motion to not debatable 47 Adjourn to definite time motion to debatable 48 Adverse report debate on1 60 Appeals from chair of personal character not debatable 8 Bill or resolution no debate on first reading 37 Breach of order in debate 15 Change order of business motion to not debatable 106 Commit motion to not debatable 76 Commit with instructions motion to debatable 76 Committee matters reference to out of order in 23 Conduct of Senators in r15212223 Conversation reference to out of order in 23 Excuse from voting motion to not debatable 31 First reading of bill or resolution no debate37 House happenings reference to out of order in 23 Incidental matters after motion for previous question sustained decided without debate 67 Interrogation of speakers thru president 21 Limitation of speeches 15 Minority report debate on 64 Nondebatable motion not in order whenI 32122 Postpone definitely motion to debate limited 72 Postpone indefinitely motion to debatable 69 Previous Question motion for not debatable 59 Previous Question motion for decided affirmatively debate limited 6064 Previous Question motion for incidental questions decided without debate 67 Priority of Business decided by President without debate 14 Reading of papers question of decided without debate 30 Roll Call no debate during 27 Suspend Rules motion to not debatableM106 Yeas and Nays motion for decided without debate 114 Yeas and Nays no debate during27 DISPARAGING REMARKS Prohibited on Nominations 25 DIVISION OF SENATE After main question ordered 1 61 79 Call for ii 61 Excuse for voting motion to must be beforeI 31 Senator may ask for 561 DIVISION OF QUESTION Duty of member asking 34 Right to call for 33 What divisible 3 3334 ENGROSSMENT Effect of 37 ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE Clerks examine and approvei 133 Clerks recommend removal of 133 EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN Procedure for taking16 EXECUTIVE SESSION Reference to Special Rules Cleared Senate Chamber cleared of all persons except senators secretary and assistant secretary 2 Journal message informing governor of action on nominees record in regular journal 1 4 Journal separate journal for executive sessions 4 Journal secret13 5 7 Governor informed of action on nominees by secretary 45 Nomination majority necessary to confirmi 6 Nomination how puti 6 Nomination when considered1 16 Nominees discussion of secretsjj 3 57 Nominees secretary inform governor of action on 5 Proceedings kept in separate book from legislative proceedings 4 Proceedings kept secret3 5 7 Procedure L 2 6 Remarks of Senators kept secret 3 Secretary and assistant in senate during session 2 Secretary duty as to journal A 5 Secretary inform governor of action on nominees 5 Secrecy required 23 5 7 Senate chamber cleared of all persons except senators secretary and assistant secretary during session 2 Rule No Senators shall not disclose proceedings or happenings of session 37 Votes on nominations kept secret v 5 Votes record of sealed and filed with Secretary of State 5 Votes result only announced 5 EXPLANATION OF VOTES When and time allowed 29 EXPULSION OF MEMBERS When and how 15 DOORKEEPER Clear lobbies and galleries when 11 Messages duty in receiving1 102 Suspension of 10 GALLERIES Applause or hisses prohibited in1 26 President may cleari H GENERAL ASSEMBLY Minutes of joint sessions of kept in Senate Journal 134 GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS BILLS Precedence of 35 Senate may amend only 129 GENERAL TAX BILL Precedence of Ir 35 Senate may amend onlyi 129 GOVERNOR Entitled to privileges of the Floor ill HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT Effect of arrival of1 52 59 Effect of arrival of when Senate acting under previous question 52 59 Effect of arrival of vote being taken by yeas and nays 52 Fixed by Senate 113 Provided 113 IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO THE HOUSE Majority vote necessary fori 44 Reconsideration of motion for 95 When ordered 44 81 JOINT SESSION RULES OF GENERAL ASSEMBLY IN JOINT SESSION References to Special Rules Adjourn motion to see motion to dissolve Rule No Appeals from decisions of chair 6 Change of vote when allowed10 Commendatory remarks prohibited 8 Elections by 1 910 Elections change of vote on 10 Elections majority forgif 3 Elections only one at timeS 3 Elections record of vote kept in House Journal 2 Elections vote how taken 239 Elections where held Z 2 Debate no debate except on points of order 11 Dissolve motion to not in order after roll call commenced 13 Dissolve motion to effect of when prevailing 15 Dissolve motion to and reconvene at definite time takes precedence 13 Dissolve motion to definite and indefinite 12 Dissolve motion to when in order 13 Dissolve motion to when lost in order again when 14 Journal of House contain record of vote on elections 2 Majority necessary for election 3 Nominations no commendatory remarks by member making 8 Nominations no second of in order 9 Nominations roll call onr9 Order points of debatable 11 Presiding Officer President of Senate 26 Presiding Officer duties of 6915 Place of meetingj w 25 Procedurej 6 Quorum 16 Roll Call on electionsjji 9 Roll Commenced motion to dissolve not in order3 13 Rules how changed 17 Rules consent of both houses to necessaryJ 17 Senate repair to Hall of House of Representatives 5 Senate return to Senate Chamber on dissolution 15 Sessions continue how long 413 Speaker of House sit at left of President of Senate 7 State officers election of 4 Time of meetingj14 Voting 239 Vote change of 10 JOURNAL Rule No Absentees Contain names of 99 Appropriations motion for yeas and nays recorded on c 129 Committee on duty to read 112 Constitutional amendments recorded in 130 Constitutional amendments yeas and nays recorded on 130 Constitution requires twothirds majority for passage of bill or resolution yeas and nays shall be recorded 130 General Assembly minutes kept in Senate 134 Oaths minutes of oaths kept in 133 Protest of Senators entry in 20 Reconsideration of matters in 92 Senators not voting on yeas and nays names entered in 108 LAUDATORY REMARKS Prohibited r 25 LOCAL BILLS Engrossment effect of 131 First and Second reading 131 Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent 40 MAIN QUESTION Adjourn motion to not in order after main question ordered 50 59 Call of Senate after ordered qq Call of Senate after main question ordered 66 Debate time allowed for majority after main question ordered go Debate time allowed minority after main question ordered 64 Debate time allowed author after main question ordered6466 67 Division of Senate gl Effect of when order59 60 64 6667 Reconsideration of ordering1 63 Table motion to not in order after main question ordered 5859 Vote how taken when ordered 61 MAJORITY Change rules or order of business necessary to 45 139 Election necessary for 128 MEMORIALS Presentment and considerationj 05 MINORITY REPORTS Debate on g4 Minority may make reports how 124 83 MESSAGES Rule No Consideration of 103 How sent received announced and considered 102 Received from the Governor or House at any time i When Received 103137 MESSENGER Arrest senators power to on order of president100101 Clear galleries and lobbies when 1 Duty of on call of Senate 101 ExOfficio SergeantatArmsrj 100 j General duties glHO H7 MOTIONS Information for from executive department lie on table one day Germane motion to amend must be 13 Nondebatable not in order when 32 122 OO One at time only Order of business motion to change not debatable 106 Order of business motion to change vote necessary 45139 Order of priorityI Privilege question of take precedence l27 Reading by secretary effect of 1 Read papersmotion to not debatable Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 139 Rules motion to change or suspend how submittedr 1 Seconding not required 19 Senator resume seat while motion is being put 28 Special Orders motion to make how submitted 36 Statement of by chair effect of 14 Strike out motion to part to be striken considered first 123 Unprivileged containing new matter lie on table one day IO7 Withdrawal of 104 NEW MATTERS Information from executive department motion for lie on table one day g Unprivileged motion containing lie on table one day 107 Unanimous consent for31 40 NOMINATIONS Disparaging remarks prohibited in 25 Laudatory Remarks prohibited in 25 84 OATHS Rule No Assistant Secretary f 132 Clerks s 133 Entered in Journalv 133 Secretarys 132 ORDER OF BUSINESS Established I l 136 Majority necessary to change order fixed by rules committee 45 Majority necessary to change order 139 Motion to change not debatable 106 Priority of decided by president without debate 14 Rules committee fix during last fifteen days of session 45 Special orders motion for how submitted 36 PAIRING Not recognized fv 119 PARLIAMENTARY LAW Applicable when vj 1 141 PETITIONS Presentment and consideration r 105 PREAMBLE Not considered until bill or resolution perfected85 POSTPONE TO DEFINITE DAY MOTION TO Applicable to what 73 Amendments subject toji 73 Debate limited 72 Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 73 Precedence of V 46 70 Renewal when lost cannot be made again the same day 72 POSTPONE INDEFINITELY MOTION TO Applicable to what 70 Amendments not subject to 69 Jj r Debate subject to i 69 Effect when motion prevails1 68 Impossible motion to postpone impossible day treated how 73 Precedence of 1r 46 70 Renewal when lost motion cannot be again made on same matter 71 85 PRESIDENT Absence of president pro tern preside Adjournment Senators remain until president retires Appeals from decisions of Arrest president may order of persons disturbing senate 7 Arrest Senators power to order when absent Attendance power to compel Business priority of decided by Call of Senate power and duty onI Committees appointed by Commitment of bills and resolutions on first reading Courtesy due by Senators to at adjournment Conference Committee appointed by Division may order Galleries power to clean Interrogation of senators thru Irrevelant debate power to suspendrSpite Lobbies power to clear Method of stating question Messages duty on receiving No quorum voting duty of president Recognition of Senators decided by7 Rules committee exofficio chairman of Signs all writs warrants etc of Senate Silence power to command Senator may name to preside Senator may call to order for breach of rules Senators elected after committees appointed president may appoint to committees Standing Committees appointment of Suspension of officers by Vote president required to when Vacant chairmanships power to fill Rule No 7 22 8915 11 100101 100101 14 1213101 4135 37 p 22 i 120 5 11 21 1 11 5 103 1213 3 135 115 1 6 15 110 135 10 2 111 110 PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE Absence of president and president pro tempore secretary shall call election of president pro tempore 7 Duties of PREVIOUS QUESTION Adjournment effect of arrival of hour of Senate acting under 52 Adjourn motion to after motion for previous question sustained m5059 86 Rule No Affirmative vote on effect of 6064 67 Applicable to what 0g Call of Senate after previous question orderecL 66 Debate regulated previous question decided affirmatively 60 64 Debate motion for not subject to 59 Exhausted before matters excepted to decided 16 Incidental questions arising after previous question ordered decided without debate 67 Precedence of motion for l gg Reconsideration 63 Table motion to after motion for previous question sustained 5859 PRIVILEGE Motion without to lie on table 207 Personal 227 Question of what constitute 227 Questions of take precedence 127 PRIVILEGE OF THE FLOOR When extended to visitors HI Who entitled to 211 PRINTING OF BILLS When ordered 43 PROTESTS OF SENATORS Procedure for 20 QUOROM Call of Senate no quorum voting 201 No quorum voting duty of president 1213101 No quorum voting president may order yeas and nays13 READING OF PAPERS Determined by Senate gg RECOMMIT MOTION TO Applicable to what I RECONSIDERATION Amendments of 1 96 Applicable to what 02 Committee Reports of action on 39 Effect ofJp6397 87 Rule No Immediate transmission motion for reconsidered when Intervening days effect of1 Main question ordering of may be reconsidered Vji Main question ordering of may be reconsidered only once 63 Notice required One time no matter reconsidered butr Previous question reconsideration of 6j When and how asked When motion for is in orderr REMONSTRANCES 1 0 Presentment and Consideration REPORTS OF COMMITTEES Amendments after agreement to Disagreement to effect of Favorable report effect of Form of Minority reports Procedure after Precedence of Reconsideration of action on Unfavorable report Writing must be in RULES Change proposal to must be submitted in writing and referred to Rules committee Majority necessary to change Special orders motion to make how submittedg Suspend motion to not debatable Suspended how T7106138136 RULES COMMITTEE Change in rules all proposals for submitted to 138 Order of business for last fifteen days fixed by 45 Report of in order at any time 131 Special orders must be reported on by 36 SECRETARY Absence of president and president pro tern call election for president pro tentr T Absentees note name of Amending bills by sections duty of in 86 Amending bills by striking and inserting duty of in 87 81 39 38 124 124 3839 41 39 38 124 88 Rule No Attest all writs warrants etc of Senate 115 Bills and Resolutions called in order by from calendar 35 Bills and Resolutions Engrossed Entries on to be made by 37 Bills and Resolutions state number and author of in calling c35 Bond of i i 14 132 Clerks appointment of 133 General assembly joint session keep minutes of2 134 Journal duty to enter names of Senators not voting on yeas and nays11 108 Oath 132 SENATORS Adjournment duty of at22 Accounts of duty of auditing committee as toSil 140 Applause prohibited St 26 Arrest power of president to order100101 Attendance power of president to compel 100101 Call of Senate may ask LSI I 101 Called to order for transgression of rules 15 Committee assignments when elected after organization of Senate completed 110 Conduct in debate j 15 i7182123 26 32 Contempt of the Senate1 12 Conversation refrain from 17 Courtesy owed Senator speaking11 22 Debate how often speak 15 Debate reference to private conversations committee or house happenings prohibit in242 23 Decorum of 2151719 2126 Division of Question may ask for1 33 Division of Question duty of Senator asking for34 Division of Senate may ask for 5 61 Disparaging Remarks prohibited 25 Exceptions to words spoken 16 Expulsion of L115 Interrogation of thru president1 21 Laudatory remarks prohibitedL 25 Messenger duty of toirJ117 Motion make only one at time28 Motion must resume seat while motion being put 28 Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when 32122 Not voting names of entered in Journal 108 Pairing of not recognized 1 119 89 Rule No Personal Privilege i 127 Preside president may designate Senators to 6 Protest of Senate action by 20 Reading of Papers call forf 30 Recognition order of decided by president 3 Retire when required to 19 Retire not allowed to when12100 Senators refer to Senators by districts and not by name 18 Special Orders request for 36 Stationery messenger shall supply 117 Unanimous consent right to ask for 40 Vote changing how and when 126 Vote Explanation of 29 Vote shall not when interested i 1 19 Vote refusal to on call of Senate2 12 Voting motion to excuse from 31 Yeas and Nays call for 61 SERGEANTATARMS Duty of on Call of the Senate 101 Messenger exofficioil1 100 SIGNATURE OF PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY When requiredI 115 SILENCE Senators preservegi 17 SMOKING Prohibited 24 SPECIAL COMMITTEE Priority of Motion to commit tol74 75 SPECIAL ORDER How obtainedII 36 SUBSTITUTE Bill perfected before 80 Table motion to not in order53 SUSPENSION OF RULES How accomplishedr106138139 90 TABLE MOTION TO Amendment motion to table riot in order 53 Amendment motion to table or take from table not subject to 56 Applicable to whatg 57 Debate motion to table or take from table not subject to 56 Effect when motion to take from table prevails 54 Information from executive department motion for lie on table one dayI 125 Motion to take from table in order when 54 55 Main Question ordered motion to table not in order5859 Presence of 46 Previous question motion for sustained motion to table in orderjjh 5859 Renewal of motion to table or take from tableLsr 55 Substitute not subject to 53 Unprivileged motion containing new matter lie on table one dayjj107 When in order motion to table and take from table 55 58 TWOTHIRDS VOTE WHEN NECESSARY Constitution Amendment 130 Expulsion of Senators3 15 Yeas and Nays recorded when constitution requires 130 UNANIMOUS CONSENT Explanation of vote byt 29 Limitation and regulation ofI 40 Local bills considered by when 40 New matters consideration by1 40 No request to extend time of explanation shall be entertained 29 YEAS AND NAYS Adjournment effect of arrival of hour of while vote being taken by I i 52 Adjourn motion to not in order during call of 50 Appropriations record of required on all 129 Call for after main question ordered 61 Change vote after call of i 126 Constitution requiring twothird vote for passage of bill yeas and nays shall be recorded 130 Constitution amendment to required and recorded on 130 Debate no debate during call of 27 91 Rule No Debate motion or call for not debatable 114 Explanation of vote when vote taken by 29 Excuse from voting motion to must be made before start of i 31 Expulsion of Senator vote by 15 Journal show when61129130 Journal show names of Senators not voting on 108 President may order no quorum voting 1213 Required when 61129130 OFFICERS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1945 AND 1946 ROY V HARRIS of RichmondSpeaker FRED HAND of MitchellLSpeaker Pro Tem P T McCUTCHEN JR of FultonClerk OLIN SHEPPARD of HeardAsst Clerk W E DIXON II of BibbReading Clerk HERSCHEL L REID of CarrollMessage Clerk GUY DURDEN of EmanuelJournal Clerk JOSEPH M BRANCH of WashingtonChaplain HUGH STRIPLIN of HeardMessenger MARION TOMS of QuitmanDoorkeeper 93 MEMBERS OF THE GEORGIA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED ACCORDING TO NAMES WITH COUNTIES AND POSTOFFICES FOR THE TERM 19451946 Representatives Adams Wallace Adamson LamarAlexander A W Alexander A Le Almand E L Ansley C C Arnall H C Baker Frank L Jr Banks Louis Bargeron Jones J BurkeSardis Barrett W NIBanksLula Barwick J BGradygCairo Battles G FJecaturBainbridge Beddingfield Leon FDooly Vienna Black J L WebsterRichland Bloodworth Luther County Post Office Wheeler Glen wood Clayton Jonesboro Carroll Carrollton Chatham Savannah Walton Monroe Leo Smithville Coweta Newnan Spalding Griffin Floyd Rome Lamar Barnesville Boynton Claud C Britton W A Brock Dr L J Brooke Stafford R Broome W f Brumby Otis A Brunson Hoke S Burch Jack Campbell A M Bibb Macon Houston Perry Union Suehes Whitfield Dalton Carroll Carrollton Whitfield Dalton DeTCalh Decatur Cobh Marietta Bulloch Statesboro Dodge Chester Greene Greensboro Newton Mansfield Burke Waynesboro Twiggs Danville Thomas Thomasville Franklin Lavonia Colquitt Moultrie Camden Kingsland 94 Representatives County Connell T GuyLowndes Connerat W SpencerChatham Cowart J GLowndes Crow RayjWalker Crowley John AMcDuffie Culpepper J WFayette Dallis RenderTroup DeFoor J MMcIntosh Dorsey John TCobb Dorsey Guy CWhite DuPree J DPulaski Durden Adie NDougherty Dykes James MarionBleckley Ennis J HBaldwin Ennis MarionBaldwin Etheridge R NButts Etheridge Paul S JrFulton Evitt James JrCatoosa Fortson Ben W JrWilkes Fowler Alpha ADouglas Freeman Robert AUpson Gammage E LSumter Garrison Frank pjlpHabersham Gary Dr LorenQuitman Gaskins J HBerrien Gavin Chester1Clay Gibson BartowSeminole Giddens O TtCalhoun Gilbert John JGlynn Glisson J BlEvans Gowen Charles LGlynn Greene Palmer HCrisp Greer JohnLanierI Griswell Charles FGwinnett Guerry Mrs John BMacon Guyton C TEffingham Hall I HTreutlen Hampton R TFannin Hand FredMitchell Harden C ZTurnerj Hardy Chas LHall1 Hardy C EJackson Harris Roy VRichmond Post Office Valdosta Savannah Hahira v Rossville Thomson Fayetteville LaGrange Townsend Marietta Cleveland Hawkinsville Albany Cochran Milledgeville Milledgeville Jackson Atlanta Ringgold Washington Douglasville Thomaston Americus Cornelia Georgetown Nashville Fort Gaines Donalsonville Leary Brunswick Claxton Brunswick Cordele Lakeland Lawrenceville Montezuma Guyton Soperton Mineral Bluff Pelham Ashburn Gainesville Jefferson Augusta 95 Representatives Harrison Walter Harrison Philip WHarrison Robert L Hart A B Hatchett J Frank Hefner J I Herndon T O Herrin W H Jr Hicks M G Hill Kent Hinson W J Hinson Wayne Hogg J P Hooks V H Holbrook Jay L Holleman R M Holley W W Hollis M RgfS Holloway J J Hubert H O Jr Hurst Eugene P Jackson J B Jennings T D Jennings Henry S Johns J P Kelley E H Kendrick W C Kenimer Zade Kennon J Hi Kent Thomas G Key W H King G Pierce Knabb Ralph Lam C 0 Lancaster H A Lane J 0j Lewis John C Littlejohn A D Livingston Dr D M Looper Max R Lovett W Herschel McCracken J Roy McCurdy Julius A County Jpnkins Post Office Millen Halcyondale Wsynft Jesup Th rvmne Thomasville M eri wether Greenville Pi cVcns Jasper Hart Hartwell Echols Howell Floyd Rome Clarke Athens Jeff Davis Hazlehurst Ware Waycross Marion Buena Vista Emanuel Swainsboro Forsyth Gumming Muscogee Columbus Richmond Augusta Chattahoochee Cusseta Schley Ellaville PoKalh Decatur Coweta Newnan Washington Harrison Sumter Americus Terrell Dawson Brantley Winokur Walker St Elmo Tenn Fulton Atlanta Harris Cook Waverly Hall Adel GlascockjlGibson JasperMonticello RichmondAugusta CharltonMoniac TroupHogansville HallGainesville PolkRockmart HancockSparta FloydRome PolkCedartown DawsonDawsonville LaurensDublin JeffersonLouisville DeKalbDecatur 96 Representatives Mason C R Overby H O Jr Parham J H Parks J Pennington Lee W Porter Ford County Post Office Chatham Savannah Bulloch Statesboro Laurens Dublin Fulton Atlanta Henry Stockbridge Rockdale Conyers Cherokee Canton Morgan Madison Dade Wildwood Paulding Dallas Peach Fort Valley Talhot Junction City Bacon Alma Decatur Bainhridge Monroe Forsyth Taliaferro Sharon Montgomery Mount Vernon Early Jakin Brooks Quitman Randolph Cuthbert Gilmer JEllijay Haralson Rremen Oconee Watkinsville Barrow Winder Pierce Blackshear Baker Newton Tatnall Glennville Worth Sylvester Stewart Richland Heard Franklin Lumpkin Dahlonega Murray Chatsworth Wilkinson Gordon Bartow Cartersville Columbia Harlem Bartow Cartersville Tift Tifton Gordon Calhoun Stephens Toccoa Clarke Athens Chattooga Summerville Warren Warrenton Colquitt Moultrie Rabun Clayton 97 Representatives County Post Office Rossee P C Houghton W H Rowland J H Sap W Herman Seagler Wade H Seagraves A F Sears L F Sheffield J Walter Shields I Lr Sills F H Smiley C J Smith Dr W K Smith George L II Smith J C Sparks W O Strickland W A Strickland George Sumner Dr Gordon S Swint A G Thompson G C Thornton W H Thrash J M Trotter M M Twitty Frank S Underwood U S Watford R L Weaver A H S Wells Virgil G Wells J P Whaley John K Williams Dr A D Williams Claude G Williams Garland H Williams Jack Williams John H Williams W B Willis H J Jack Wiloughby Ben T Wilson Lewis B Witherington Dr J F Young W H Jr Pirfcnain Eatonton Washington Sandersville Tnlrnprm Wrightsville Dougherty Albany Roberta Madison Hull Atkins1 Pearson Millar Colquitt Mo peogeo Columbus Opndlar Metter Tiherty Lambert Rryan Pembroke Rm antral Swainsboro Oglethorpe Pt Peter Towns Hiawassee Pike Concord TTpson Thomaston Worth Sylvester Spplding Orchard Hill M ar i weth er Manchester Flhert Elberton Ooffee Douglas Troop LaGrange Mitchell Camilla Taylor Reynolds Long Ludowici Pihh Macon Ren Hill Fitzgerald Tiincoltt JLincolnton Talfair McRae Gwinnett Lawrenceville Appling Baxley Tonmhs Lyons Way cross Coffee Douglas Jonas Haddock Trwin Ocilla Clinalt Homer ville Rihh Macon Mnsaogaa Columbus Wilcox Pineview MEMBERS OF THE GEORGIA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES BY COUNTIES AND POSTOFFICES FOR THE TERM 19451946 County Representative Post Office Arm Tin cr Claude O Williams Baxley Atkinson T E Sears Pearson PflPATl T M Medders Alma Baker Benton Odom Newton Baldwin Marion Ennis Milledgeville RnlHwin J TT Ennis Milledgeville Banka W N Barrett Lula Barrow TT M Oakley Winder Bartow S Luke Pettit Cartersville Bartow Claude Pittman Cartersville Ben Hill Virgil G Wells Fitzgerald Bewn J TT Gaskins Nashville Bibb A TT S Weaver Macon Bibb Lewis B Wilson Macon Bibb piii th er Blood worth Macon Bleckley James Marion Dykes Cochran J P Johns Winokur Brooks Dr T R Moye Quitman Bryan Dr W K Smith Pembroke Rulleeh Hoke S Brunson Statesboro Bulloch Zi M Mallard Statesboro Burke Frank M Cates Waynesboro Burke Tones J Bargeron Sardis Butts R N Etheridge Jackson Calhoun O T Giddens Leary Cam dan Q h Claxton Kingsland Candler F H Sills Metter Carroll Dr L J Brock Carrollton Carroll A W Alexander Carrollton Catoosa Tames Evitt Jr Ringgold Churl too Ralph Knabb Moniac Chatham W Spencer Connerat Savannah Chatham Frank A McNall Savannah Chatham A Leopold Alexander Savannah Chattahoochee M R Hollis Cusseta ch attoopa TT Grady Ramey Summerville Cherokee B A Manous Canton 99 County Representative Kent Hill Post Office Athens Vjidl P Q tV p Ti Olin Price Jr 2 Athens r r Chester Gavin Fort Gaines jizxy n TTf ATI Lamar Adamson Jonesboro victy tun PHnpl Ben T Willoughby Homerville Vjlllltll John T Dorsey Marietta VODD Otis A Brumby Marietta IjOUU J M Thrash Douglas jU11 CC PaAPod John H Williams Douglas VjUli LC Robert E Cheshire Moultrie VjOUUltl PaI Am William H Riddlespurger Moultrie VjUUUl tl PAlnmln q Glenn S Phillips Harlem KjKJL UlliUia PaaV J H Kennon Adel VjUUtt PaWOiQ TT C Arnall Newnan VU W c Let PATITDfil Eugene P Hurst Newnan uUWC Let Pq Turfifv Wade H Seagler Roberta Vjl et W1U1 tl Pricn Palmer H Greene Cordele Vjl lop Dstd Rufus W Massey Wildwood llQWC ATI Max R Looper Dawsonville leWoUll TVaaq fill G F Battles Bainbridge 1cLet lui Dcfitnir C A Miller Jr Bainbridge noTTolVi W L Broome Decatur U C XV cllU TioTTnlh H 0 Hubert Jr Decatur DpKnlh Julius A McCurdy 1 Decatur XJ v xveu kj TIa1 oo Jack Burch Chester iUUg C Pooly Leon F Beddingfield Vienna Tiaii rrn rvrtr Adi N Durden Albany JLOUgIlcl Ly Tiaii ryn ATTTT W TTprman Sapp Albany jLougnex Ly DmnylflR Alpha A Fowler Douglasville JL J Ug X W O Kfirly E Clark Mosley Jakin Fplinls W H Herrin Jr Howell RVPfinohnm X T Guyton Guyton ljllllig IXMiiil THlViPTfi W H Thornton Elberton JUiUJvl 11 TviormAi V H Hooks Swainsboro xiixixcxxl lid Emanuel George L Smith II Swainsboro Tuvans J B Glisson Claxton u v eexio TTiinnin R T Hampton Mineral Bluff i eeiiiiiii Pflvpftp J W Culpepper Fayetteville jl c jr c u tc Floyd M G Hicks Rome Floyd A D Littlejohn Rome Floyd Frank L Baker Jr Rome Pnrovtil Jay L Holbrook Cumming JL wl Djr Ill Franklin Ban F Cheek Lavonia Fulton W C Kendrick Atlanta 100 County Fulton Fulton GilmerI Glascock Glynn Glynn Gordon Grady Greene Gwinnett Gwinnett Habersham Hall Hall Hancock Haralson Harris Hart Heard Henry Houston Irwin Jackson Jasper Jeff Davis Jefferson J enkins Johnson Jones Lamar Lanier Laurens Laurens Lee Liberty Lincoln Long Lowndes Lowndes Lumpkin Macon Madison Marion McDuffie Representative Post Office Paul S Etheridge JrAtlanta Helen Douglas MankinAtlanta Delmar MullinaxEllijay Thos G Kent Gibson Charles L Gowen Brunswick John Jk GilbertBrunswick Ford Porter Calhoun J B Barwick Cairo John S Callaway Greensboro Charles F Griswell Lawrenceville Dr A D Williams Lawrenceville Frank D Garrison Cornelia H A Lancaster Gainesville Chas L Hardy Gainesville John C Lewis Sparta James R MurphyBremen Zade KenimerWaverly Hall T O Herndon Hartwell J H Parham Franklin Joseph MannStockbridge J W BloodworthPerry H J Jack Willis HOcilla C E Hardy Jefferson W H Key Monticello W J Hinson Hazlehurst J Roy McCracken 1Louisville Walter Harrison Millen J H Rowland Wrightsville W B WilliamsHaddock Louis Banks Barnesville John Greer Lakeland W Herschel Lovett rDublin Xinton G MaloneDublin C C Ansley Smithville C J Smiley Lambert J P Wells Lincolnton R L Watford Ludowici T Guy ConnellValdosta J G CowartHahira J O ParksDahlonega Mrs John B GuerryMontezuma A F SeagravesHull J P HoggBuena Vista John A CrowleyThomson 101 County Representative Post Office McIntosh J M DeFoorTownsend MeriwetherG C Thompson Manchester Meriwether 1J Frank HatchettGreenville Miller J Walter SheffieldColquitt Mitchell Frank S TwittyCamilla Mitchell Fred HandPelham Monroe W Buford MitchellForsyth Montgomery Walter B MorrisonMount Vernon Morgan C R MasonMadison Murray M SCharles A PannellChatsworth Muscogee I L ShieldsColumbus Muscogee R M HollemanColumbus Muscogee W H Young JrCfolumbus Newton A M CampbellMansfield Oconee K R M NicholsonWatkinsville Oglethorpe X C SmithPt Peter Paulding Hr Joseph I MatthewsDallas PeachSam MatthewsFort Valley PickensJ I HefnerJasper Pierce L H OdenBlackshear PikeW A StricklandConcord Polk Hr D M LivingstonCedartown PolkJ O Lane Pulaski J D DuPree Rockmart Hawkinsville Eatonton Putnam P C Rossee OuitmanHr Loren GaryGeorgetown Rabun 1A J RitchieClayton RandolphA J MoyeCuthbert RichmondA Pierce King Augusta Ti plimnnH W W Holley Augusta James C Mann Conyers fclilpy J J Holloway Ellaville Screven Spininolo Philip W Harrison Halcyondale Bartow Gibson Donalsonville Rpnlrling David J Arnold Griffin Rpnliiing A G Swint Orchard Hill Rf pph pn s J J Powell Toccoa Stewart Hugh 0 Overby Jr Richland Snrnter T D Jennings Americus RiTnThpr1 E L Gammage Americus Tftbot J B Maund Junction City Taliaferro Tatnall W R Moore A G Oliver Sharon Glennville 102 County Representative Post Office Taylor U S Underwood RpvnnlHs Telfair John K Whaley MpRiio Terrell Henry S Jennings Thomas A B Hart TliATOftsvillg Thomas Robt E Chastain TlinmflQvillA Tift Ross H Pittman Tiffon Toombs Garland H Williams Tyons Towns W O Sparks HlilWACCAA Truetlen I H Hall PoprtoTi Troup Render Dallis La Grange Troup M M Trotter La Grange Troup C 0 Lam Hogan sville Turner C Z Harden A Twiggs H L Chance Danville Union Claud C Boynton Snehes Upson Robert A Freeman Tli nm p erf nn Upson George Strickland Th om s ton Walker E h7 Kelley St Elmo Tenn Walker Ray Crow Rncicsvillp Walton E L Almand lVTonroo Ware Wayne Hinson W 51VPTOQQ Ware Jack Williams Waycross Warren Jack Ray W arren ton Washington W H Roughton Sandersville Washington J B Jackson Harrison Wayne Robert L Harrison JpQUTfc Webster J L Black Riehland Wheeler Wallace Adams f PTiwood White Guy C Dorsey PlpvplfmH Whitfield Stafford R Brooke Dalton Whitfield W A Britton T5ilfnn Wilcox Dr J P Witherington Tinoviow Wilkes Ben W Fortson Jr Wii dViincrfnn Wilkinson Lee W Pennington Gordon Worth Dr Gordon S Sumner SvlvPQfpr Worth Dr J S OSheal Sylvester 103 STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES TERM 19451946 ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND Wilson Chairman Herndon ViceChairman Weaver Secretary Alexander of Carroll Battles Bloodworth of Bibb Bloodworth of Houston Brunson Cowart Dallis DuPree Etheridge of Butts Giddens Herrin Johns AMENDMENTS TO THE Pittman of Bartow Chairman Callaway ViceChairman Young Secretary Almand Bloodworth of Houston Brooke Broome Brumby Campbell Cheek Dallis DeFoor Etheridge of Butts Fowler Gammage Gilbert Harrison of Jenkins Harrison of Wayne Holbrook Knabb Livingston Mankin Matthews of Peach Medders Oden Parham Parks Seagler Seagraves Swint Underwood Wells of Ben Hill Wells of Lincoln Williams of Jones Williams of Gwinnett CONSTITUTION NO ONE Kenimer Kennon King Lancaster Littlejohn Livingston Lovett Mallard Mankin Mann of Henry Matthews of Paulding Matthews of Peach McCurdy Medders Miller Mitchell Morrison Moye of Randolph 106 Oliver OSheal Pittman of Tift Riddlespurger Sapp Shields Smith of Bryan Strickland of Pike Swint Thompson Twitty Williams of Ware Williams of Toombs Wilson AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION NO TWO Culpepper Chairman Weaver ViceChairman Greer Secretary Adams Alexander of Chatham Arnall Arnold Baker Banks Bargeron Bloodworth of Bibb Brock Brunson Cates Cheshire Connell CQnnerat Crow Dorsey of Cobb Durden Ennis Marion Etheridge of Fulton Evitt Fortson Gavin Gibson Gowen Greene Guyton Hand Harden Hardy of Hall Hart Hatchett Hicks Hinson of Ware Hogg Holleman Holley Hooks Hubert Jennings of Terrell Kelley Kendrick Kent Key Knabb Lam Lewis Mason Matthews of Paulding McCracken McCurdy Moore Murphy Nicholson Pannell Phillips Pittman of Bartow Ray 107 Rossee Shields Sills Smiley Smith of Bryan Smith of Emanuel Smith of Oglethorpe Thrash Trotter Watford Wells of Ben Hill Whaley Williams of Appling Williams of Jones Willis Willoughby APPROPRIATIONS Go wen Chairman Bargeron ViceChairman Connerat Secretary Ansley Arnall Arnold Bloodworth of Bibb Bloodworth of Houston Boynton Brock Brooke Brumby Brunson Campbell Connell Culpepper DuPree Durden Ennis J H Etheridge of Fulton Evitt Fortson Freeman Garrison Gibson Guyton Hand Harden Hardy of Hall Hardy of Jackson Harrison of Wayne Hefner Herndon Hicks Hill Holbrook Holleman Holley Hubert Hurst Jennings of Sumter Jennings of Terrell Kelley Kenimer Kent Key Knabb Lane Livingston McCracken McNall Mason Mankin Mitchell Oden Phillips Pittman of Tift Powell Price Thompson Riddlespurger Thrash Ritchie Trotter Rossee Whaley Sapp Williams of Appling Sills Williams of Coffee Smiley Williams of Jones Smith of Bryan Williams of Ware Sparks AUDITING Ansley Chairman Ritchie ViceChairman Maund Secretary Adamson Baker Bargeron Boynton Broome Brumby Callaway Campbell Claxton Dykes Durden Gavin Gowen Holley Hollis Kelley Kennon Knabb McCracken McNall Miller Moore Moye of Brooks Oakley Odom Oliver OSheal Phillips Pittman Powell Price Ray Ramey Rossee Smith of Bryan Wells of Lincoln Williams of Appling Williams of Coffee 109 BANKS Arnold Chairman Hall ViceChairman Ray Secretary Alexander of Chatham Almand Arnall Baker Banks Battles Bloodworth of Bibb Brock Cates Chastain Hinson of Ware Holleman Holley Hubert Jennings of Sumter Kendrick Key Lane Littlejohn Looper Lovett Malone Mullinax Pettit Pittman of Tift Price Ray Riddlespurger Roughton Sapp Shields Thrash Williams of Coffee Young BANKING Crowley Culpepper Ennis Marion Fortson Gibson Gowen Greene Guyton Hand Harrison of Jenkins Hicks Hill Jennings of Terrell AVIATION Fowler Chairman Smith of Emanuel ViceChairman Etheridge of Fulton Secretary Alexander of Chatham Battles Bloodworth of Bibb Brooke Broome Brumby Brunson Connell Connerat Cowart DeFoor Dorsey of Cobb Durden Ennis J H Gilbert Greer Hand Harrison of Screven Harrison of Wayne Hicks AND 110 Kenimer Key King Littlejohn Lovett Mankin Mason Matthews of Peach McCurdy Moye of Randolph Nicholson Odom Oliver Overby Pittman of Tift Rossee Sapp Smith of Emanuel Smith of Oglethorpe Sparks Strickland of Pike Sumner Thompson Thrash Wells of Ben Hill Whaley Williams of Jones Williams of Ware Willoughby COMMERCE Hardt of Jackson Chairman DuPree Williams of Ware ViceChairman Guyton Herndon Secretary Hatchett Alexander of Carroll Hollis Baker King Barwick Knabb Battles Lane Brunson Lovett Brumby Murphy Campbell Oakley Cates Pannell Chance Pennington Dallis Thornton Dykes Twitty 111 CONSERVATION Harrison of Jenkins Chairman Hinson of Ware ViceChairman Boynton Secretary Adams Alexander of Chatham Alexander of Carroll Barwick Bloodworth of Bibb Brumby Brunson Campbell Chance Claxton Cowart Dallis DeFoor Ennis J H Gaskins Giddens Gowen Greer Guerry Hall Harrison of Screven Harrison of Wayne Jackson Jennings of Terrell Key King CORPORATIONS Jennings of Sumter Chairman Crow ViceChairman Shields Secretary Alexander of Chatham Arnold Barrett Battles Bloodworth of Houston Lewis Malone Mann of Rockdale Massey Mason McCurdy McNall Medders Moore Moye of Brooks Odom Oliver Parks Pettit Porter Riddlespurger Sapp Sears Seagler Smiley Smith of Bryan Sparks Thrash Watford Whaley Williams of Ware Williams of Appling Willoughby Witherington Brunson Chastain Culpepper Dorsey of Cobb Ennis J H Ennis Marion Etheridge of Butts Fowler 112 Guerry Hampton Hardy of Jackson Hill Hogg Holley Hurst Jennings of Terrell Kenimer Key Lane Mallard Mankin Matthews of Peach Mitchell Mosley Oden Odom Pannell Ramey Smith of Oglethorpe Strickland of Upson Swint Trotter Weaver Williams of Toombs COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS Sills Chairman Hogg ViceChairman Freeman Secretary Adams Alexander of Carroll Alexander of Chatham Almand Baker Barwick Beddingfield Black Bloodworth of Bibb Bloodworth of Houston Brooks Broome Burch i Campbell Chance Cowart Crow Culpepper DeFoor Dorsey of Cobb Dorsey of White Dykes Etheridge of Fulton Gammage Greene Hall Harden Hardy of Jackson Hampton Harrison of Screven Hart Hefner Herrin Hogg Holbrook Holleman Holley Hooks Hubert Jennings of Sumter Jennings of Terrell Johns 113 Knabb Lam Looper Ramey Seagler Seagraves if Mallard Smiley Sparks Mankin Ughb Mann of Henry Thornton HdanB Mason Thompson Almand Maund Watford Ansley McCurdy Weaver I Amali Medders Williams of Appling ilBanls Morrison Williams of Gwinnett Baigern Moye of Brooks Williams of Jones I Bloodwort Moye of Randolph Williams of Toombs 11 fot Mullinax Williams of Ware I Broome Overby Willis Broniy Pannell Willoughby Bnmson Pettit Wilson Chance Price Smiley Chairman DRAINAGE Greer Cheshire ConneD Connerat DeFoor Durden i I Eanis M Gamma Hand ViceChairman Holley Gavin Gowen Secretary Kelley Gowen Adams Knabb Gnerry Ansley Mason Guyton Baker McCracken i Band Bargeron McNall j lardai Boynton Phillips lardyo Cates Rossee Hardy o Connell Swint iJJarrisra Crow Thrash Durden Wells of Ben Hill M Bandoli Fortson Whaley Freeman Williams of Appling li yV V 114 Ili EDUCATION NO 1 Young Chairman Kenimer ViceChairman Willoughby Secretary Adams Almand Ansley Arnall Banks Bargeron Bloodworth of Bibb Boynton Broome Brumby Brunson Chance Cheshire Connell Connerat DeFoor Durden Ennis Marion Gammage Gavin Gowen Guerry Guyton Hand Harden Hardy of Hall Hardy of Jackson Harrison of Wayne Hart Herndon Herrin Hinson of Ware Holleman Holley Hurst Jennings of Sumter Kelley Kendrick Kent Key Mason Massey Matthews of Paulding McCracken Moore Moye of Randolph Nicholson Pennington Pittman of Tift Powell Price Rossee Sparks Sumner Swint Trotter Thompson Watford Weaver Wells of Ben Hill Williams of Appling Williams of Coffee Williams of Jones Williams of Gwinnett Witherington 116 EDUCATION NO Hatchett Chairman Lam ViceChairman Cowart Secretary Adamson Alexander of Carroll Arnold Barwick Battles Britton Callaway Cheek Culpepper Crowley Dallis Dorsey of Cobb DuPree Dykes Ennis J H Etheridge of Butts Fortson Gaskins Gilbert Glisson Hall Hampton Harrison of Jenkins Harrison of Screven Hinson of Jeff Davis Hogg Holbrook Holleman Holley Hooks Hubert 116 Jackson Jennings of Terrell King Knabb Lancaster Lane Looper Lovett Mallard Malone Matthews of Peach Maund McCurdy Medders Morrison Mosley Moye of Brooks Mullinax Murphy Odom Overby Pittman of Bartow Porter Ritchie Sapp Smiley Smith of Oglethorpe Smith of Bryan Strickland of Pike Wells of Lincoln Williams of Ware Williams of Toombs Willis ENGROSSING Wells of Ben Hill Chairman Willoughby ViceChairman Etheridge of Fulton Secretary Almand Black Broome Chastain Dallis Dorsey of White Etheridge of Butts Fortson Gammage Griswell Hinson Holbrook Holloway Malone Nicholson Parham Porter OSheal Roughton Rowland Strickland of Pike Underwood ENROLLMENT Kent Chairman Hooks ViceChairman Ray Secretary Chance Cheek Evitt Fowler Gaskins Giddens Glisson Herndon Hicks Hill Littlejohn Mann of Rockdale Morrison Odom Sears Smiley Williams of Ware Willoughby EXCUSE OF MEMBERS ABSENT WITHOUT LEAVE Hooks Chairman Black Strickland of Pike ViceChairman Burch Giddens Secretary Chance Adamson Dorsey of Cohb Barrett DuPree Battles Garrison 117 Gaskins Parks Glisson 01iver Harrison of Wayne Panne11 Herndon Seagler Holbrook Seagraves Manous SParks Mosley Thornton MxM Underwood GAME AND FISH McNall Chairman Riddlespurger ViceChairman Knabb Secretary Adams Alexander of Carroll Almand Ansley Banks Bargeron Barwick Beddingfield Black Bloodworth of Bibb Boynton Brook Broome Brumby Burch Campbell Cheek Cheshire Claxton Cowart DeFoor Dorsey of White DuPree Durden Ennis Marion Etheridge of Fulton Evitt Fortson Fowler Gammage Gary Gibson Gilbert Glisson Gowen Greene Griswell Guyton Hampton Harden Hardy of Hall Hardy of Jackson Harrison of Wayne Hart Herrin Hinson of Jeff Davis Holbrook Hubert Jennings of Terrell Jennings of Sumter Johns Kelley Iso King Lam Lane Littlejohn Looper Mallard Massey Mason Maund Medders Morrison Mosley Moye of Randolph Mullinax Oliver Overby Parham Pettit Ray Sills Sparks Williams of Appling Williams of Toombs Williams of Ware Whaley GENERAL AGRICULTURE NO 1 Mason Chairman Bargeron ViceChairman Malone Secretary Adams Almand Ansley Arnall Baker Barwick Boynton Broome Brunson Burch Callaway Cates Chance Cheshire Cowart Crowley DuPree Durden Etheridge of Butts Fortson Gavin Gibson Glisson Greene Guerry Guyton Hampton Hand Harden Harrison of Wayne Hefner Herndon Hinson of Jeff Davis Hinson of Ware Hogg Hubert Hurst Jennings of Sumter Kenimer Kelly Key Knabb Lovett 119 Mallard Thornton Mann of Henry Thrash Matthews of Paulding Underwood Medders Watford McCracken Williams of Appling Nicholson Williams of Coffee Pennington Williams of Gwinnett Porter Williams of Jones Rossee Williams of Toombs Rowland Willis Smith of Bryan Wilson Sumner GENERAL AGRICULTURE NO 2 SwiNT Chairman Herrin Brock ViceChairman Hill Lam Secretary Holbrook Adamson Holley Alexander of Carroll Hollis Arnold Hooks Barrett Jackson Battles Johns Beddingfield Kenimer Black King Bloodworth of Bibb Lancaster Bloodworth of Houston Livingston Campbell Looper Chastain Manous Claxton McCurdy Dorsey of White Moore Dykes Morrison Garrison Moye of Randolph Gary Moye of Brooks Gaskins Mullinax Giddens Oden Griswell Odom Hall Oliver Hardy of Jackson Overby Harrison of Screven Pannell 120 Parham Smiley Pittman of Tift Smith of Emanuel Ramey Sparks Riddlespurger Strickland of Pike Roughton Trotter Sears Twitty Seagler Wells of Ben Hill Seagraves Wells of Lincoln Sheffield GENERAL JUDICIARY NO 1 Lewis Chairman Hardy of Jackson Hubert ViceChairman Hogg DeFoor Secretary Key Bargeron McCracken Battles Mankin Beddingfield Mason Bloodworth of Bibb Pannell Bloodworth of Houston Powell Chastain Roughton Connell Smith of Bryan Culpepper Strickland of Pike Durden Sumner Etheridge of Fulton Thompson Gilbert Weaver Guyton Whaley Hand Williams of Coffee Harden Willoughby GENERAL JUDICIARY NO 2 Hicks Chairman Black Guyton ViceChairman Bloodworth of Bibb Callaway Secretary Britton Alexander of Chatham Brooke Arnold Cates Banks Cheshire 121 Connerat McCurdy Crow Matthews of Peach Dallis Miller Dorsey of Cobb Mitchell DuPree Murphy Ennis Marion Nicholson Evitt Odom Freeman Pannell Giddens Pittman of Bartow Gowen Pittman of Tift Greer Price Griswell Ray Harrison of Wayne Riddlespurger Hatchett Sapp Hefner Smith of Emanuel Holleman Swint Holley Twitty Kenimer Young Littlejohn GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF Littlejohn Chairman Maund Livingston ViceChairman Parham Brumby Secretary Pettit Bloodworth of Houston Ramey Chance Roughton Dallis Rowland Dykes Sears Giddens Sheffield Glisson Smith of Oglethorpe Hicks Thrash Hill Wells of Ben Hill Holley Wells of Lincoln Hooks Willis Johns Wilson Knabb Witherington 3 122 GEORGIA STATE SANITARIUM is Marion Chairman Holley M ViceChairman Hurst per Secretary Jackson Bargeron Johns Brock Kenimer Boynton Kent Broome Key Brunson Lancaster Claxton Littlejohn Cowart Mallard Crowley Malone Dorsey of White Maund Durden Mullinax Ennis J H Murphy Etheridge of Butts Overby Evitt Pettit Fortson Price Gavin Rossee Gibson Sapp Giddens Sears Guerry Smith of Oglethorpe Hampton Sumner Harden Thompson Hardy of Hall Thornton Hart Wells of Ben Hill Hatchett Williams of Appling Hefner Williams of Jones Herndon Willis Hicks Willoughby Hinson of Ware Witherington HALLS AND ROOMS Matthews of Peach Chairman Herndon ViceChairman Sears Secretary Battles Gaskins Giddens Harrison of Jenkins Hatchett Hicks Kendrick 123 Key Parks Livingston Pennington Mann of Rockdale Ramey McCracken Ray McNall Seagraves Mitchell Smiley Mullinax HISTORICAL RESEARCH Guerry Chairman Lam Herndon ViceChairman Lancaster Williams of Ware Secretary Price Barwick Roughton Boynton Thrash Brumby Weaver Callaway Wilson Guyton Young Hatchett HYGIENE AND SANITATION Fortson Chairman Freeman Moye of Brooks ViceChairman Gary Brock Secretary Gowen Boynton Greene Campbell Guerry Cates Greer Cheek Guyton Claxton Hand Connell Hampton Crow Harrison of Jenkins Crowley Harrison of Screven DeFoor Harrison of Wayne DuPree Hefner Durden Herndon Ennis Marion Hinson of Ware Etheridge of Butts Hooks Evitt Hubert Fowler 124 Jennings of Terrell Johns Kenn oil Kent King Lancaster Lewis Livingston Looper Lovett McCurdy McNall Mankin Massey Matthews of Paulding Miller Moye of Randolph Murphy Nicholson Oden OSheal Pannell Porter Ray Riddlespurger Rossee Sapp Shields Smith of Bryan Sumner Thornton Thrash Weaver Wells of Lincoln Williams of Appling Williams of Gwinnett Williams of Jones Willoughby Willis Witherington INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS fait Kendrick Chairman Holley ViceChairman Trotter Secretary Arnall Arnold Bargeron Brock Brooke Broome Brumby Callaway Connell Crow Dallis Dorsey of Cobb DuPree Durden Etheridge of Fulton Evitt Freeman Gavin Gowen Greer Guyton Hand Hardy of Jackson Hatchett Hicks Hubert Jennings of Sumter 125 Kelley Pettit Key Phillips Lane Pittman of Tift Littlejohn Ray Lovett Shields Mankin Strickland of Upson Maund Swint McCracken Weaver McCurdy Wells of Ben Hill McNall Williams of Toombs Moore Young INSURANCE Phillips Chairman Herndon Ansley ViceChairman Hinson of Jeff Davis Sapp Secretary Hinson of Ware Alexander of Chatham Jennings of Sumter Almand Kelley Baker Kendrick Bargeron Kent Brooke Lam Cheshire Mason Connell Maund Crowley McCracken DuPree Moore Durden Murphy Etheridge of Butts Pittman of Tift Gowen Rossee Greene Shields Greer Smith of Emanuel Griswell Smith of Oglethorpe Hall Thrash Hand Weaver Harden Harrison of Wayne Wells of Ben Hill 126 INTERSTATE CO OPERATION Durden Chairman Hand ViceChairman Phillips Secretary Arnall Gowen McCracken INVALID PENSIONS AND SOLDIERS HOME Etheridge of Fulton Chairman Etheridge of Butts ViceChairman Ennis Marion Secretary Alexander of Carroll Battles Dorsey of White Gammage Gaskins Harrison of Jenkins Hart Herndon Hooks Johns Livingston Lovett Oakley Parham Pittman of Bartow Roughton Rowland Sheffield Smiley Sumner Swint Williams of Coffee JOURNALS Evitt Chairman Miller ViceChairman Willis Secretary Gammage Garrison Gary Glisson Griswell Kelley Looper Mullinax Pannell Riddlespurger Williams of Ware 127 LEGISLATIVE AND CONGRESSIONAL REAPPORTIONMENT Mitchell Chairman Kennon ViceChairman King Secretary Bloodworth of Bibb Bloodworth of Houston Connell i Gaskins Gibson Greene Giddens Guyton Hand Harrison of Wayne Hart Hatchett Hinson of Jeff Davis Hooks Hurst Lovett Medders Miller Roughton MANUFACTURERS Hogg Chairman Pittman of Tift ViceChairman Kenimer Secretary Arnold Chastain Crowley Greene Hefner Holleman Jennings of Sumter Livingston Looper Mason Oakley Parham Powell Ramey Smith of Oglethorpe Strickland of Upson Trotter Weaver MILITARY AFFAIRS Broome Chairman Brumby Overby ViceChairman Cates Bloodworth of Houston Secretary Chastain Almand Cheshire Bargeron Claxton Black Connell Britton Connerat 128 Durden Ennis J H Etheridge of Butts Etheridge of Fulton Gilbert Guyton Hardy of Hall Hardy of Jackson Hicks Hogg Holleman Hurst Jennings of Sumter Jennings of Terrell Kelley Key King Knabb Lam Lovett Mallard Matthews of Peach Miller Mosley Moye of Randolph McCracken McNall OSheal Pettit Phillips Pittman of Tift Price Rossee Roughton Sapp Smiley Swint Smith of Emanuel Thrash T witty Wells of Ben Hill Wilson MINES AND MINING Pettit Chairman Lane ViceChairman Hefner Secretary Bloodworth of Houston Boynton Britton Brumby Crow Dorsey of White Hampton Hatchett Key Livingston Manous Massey Matthews of Paulding Medders Mullinax Pannell Parks Pennington Porter Roughton Sparks 129 MOTOR VEHICLES Adams Chairman Harden ViceChairman Dorsey of White Secretary Ansley Baker Banks Bargeron Brock Broome Chastain Crow Durden Dykes Etheridge of Fulton Evitt Fortson Greer Hall Hand Hinson of Ware Jennings of Sumter Kelley Littlejohn McCracken Mallard Mann of Rockdale Mason Miller Moye of Brooks Oden Pettit Phillips Ray Rossee Sapp Sills Smith of Oglethorpe Smith of Emanuel Sparks Whaley Williams of Gwinnett MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT Blood worth of Bibb Chairman King ViceChairman Connell Secretary Alexander of Chatham Baker Brooke Broome Callaway Cowart Crow Culpepper Durden Dorsey of Cobb Ennis J H Etheridge of Fulton Gavin Gibson Gilbert Gowen Greer Guyton Hand Harden Hardy of Hall Hefner Hill Hogg Hubert Kendrick Kent 130 Key Lam Lancaster Littlejohn Mason Miller Moye of Randolph Oakley PENITENTIARY Baker Chairman Harden ViceChairman Almand Secretary Arnall Barwick Black Bloodworth of Houston Boynton Broome Burch Campbell Chastain Cowart Dykes Etheridge of Butts Gammage Gary Guerry Hampton Hefner Hicks Hinson of Ware Hinson of Jeff Davis Herrin Holbrook Holleman Holley Holloway Johns Phillips Price Rossee Shields Sills Smith of Emanuel Swint Kelley Knabb Littlejohn Looper Lovett McCurdy Mallard Mann of Rockdale Mann of Henry Manous Mason Matthews of Peach Medders Mosley Mullinax Oakley Odom OSheal Parham Parks Pennington Pettit Phillips Pittman of Tift Pittman of Bartow Price Ray Riddlespurger Roughton Rowland Seagler Seagraves Sears Sheffield Sills Thompson T witty Watford Wells of Lincoln Williams of Toombs Witherington Underwood PENSIONS Oden Chairman Thornton ViceChairman Strickland of Upson Secretary Adamson Barrett Beddingfield Black Britton Burch Cheek Crowley Dykes Etheridge of Butts Garrison Glisson Greene Griswell Hall Harrison of Wayne Hart Hinson of Jeff Davis Hollis Holloway Jackson Kent Lewis Mann of Henry Massey PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS Knabb Chairman Ritchie Mosely ViceChairman Rowland Morrison Secretary Seagraves Mullinax Sheffield Oakley Trotter OSheal Underwood Parks Willis Pennington Withering Powell Young Ramey PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR Maund Chairman Adamson ViceChairman Alexander of Carroll Secretary Arnall Barrett Beddingfield Callaway Chance Claxton Connerat DeFoor Dorsey of White Gary Gibson Griswell Hall Harrison of Screven Hart Holleman PUBLIC HIGHWAY NO 1 Rossee Chairman Gavin ViceChairman Williams of Jones Secretary Adamson Almand Britton Callaway Campbell Cowart Crowley Dorsey of White Dykes Ennis J H Fowler Gammage Gary Garrison Gaskins Giddens Gilbert Glisson Greene Griswell Guerry Hall Hampton Harden Hardy of Jackson Harrison of Screven Harrison of Wayne Hart Hefner Herrin Hill Hinson of Jeff Davi Hollis Holleman Holbrook Holloway Hooks Hubert Hurst Jackson Johns Kennon King Lancaster Littlejohn Livingston Looper 133 Lovett Pennington Malone Pittman of Bartow Mankin Pittman of Tift Mann of Henry Porter Manous Powell Matthews of Peach Price McCurdy Rowland Mitchell Saegler Morrison Seagraves Mosley Smith of Bryan Moye of Randolph Strickland of Upson Moye of Brooks Thompson Mullinax Underwood Oakley Williams of Appling Odom Williams of Toombs Oliver Williams of Ware OSheal Wilson Parham Witherington Parks PUBLIC HIGHWAY NO 2 Cates Chairman Claxton Gibson ViceChairman Connell Banks Secretary Connerat Adams Dorsey of Cobb Ansley Durden Amali Ennis Marion Arnold Etheridge of Butts Baker Evitt Black Fortson Bloodworth of Bibb Freeman Bloodworth of Houston Gowen Boynton Greer Brock Hand Broome Hardy of Hall Brunson Harrison of Jenkins Chance Hatchett Cheshire Hinson of Ware 134 Hogg Holley Jennings of Sumter Jennings of Terrell Kelley Kendricks Kent Kenimer Key Knabb Lam Lane Lewis McCracken Mason Massey Matthews of Peach Maund Medders Miller Moore PUBLIC LIBRARY Smith of Oglethorpe Chairman Adamson ViceChairman Barrett Secretary Barwick Beddingfield Black Britton Burch Chastain Crowley Dallis Dykes Garrison Gary Murphy Oden Panhell Pettit Phillips Ray Ritchie Sears Shields Smith of Emanuel Sparks Sumner Swint Thrash Trotter Watford Weaver Whaley Willis Willoughby Young Glisson Griswell Hall Hampton Hinson of Jeff Davis Hollis Holloway Jackson Parham Ramey Rowland Seagler Seagraves Sheffield 135 PUBLIC PRINTING Hardy of Hall Chairman Gammage ViceChairman Williams of Ware Secretary Brumby Callaway Hart Etheridge of Butts Greer Herrin Livingston Lovett Mankin Manous Mullinax Ramey Roughton Strickland of Upson Thompson Williams of Coffee Wilson PUBLIC PROPERTY Key Chairman Hinson of Ware Strickland of Pike ViceChairman Kendrick Dallis Secretary McCurdy Alexander of Chatham Moore Bargeron Pannell Bloodworth of Bihb Powell Connell Roughton Cowart Shields Dorsey of Cobb Sumner DeFoor Underwood Fowler Whaley Gary Willoughby Gavin PUBLIC UTILITIES Connell Chairman Culpepper Alexander of Chatham ViceChairman Dallis Pannell Secretary DeFoor Baker Dorsey of Cobb Bargeron Durden Bloodworth of Bibb Dykes Brooke Ennis J H Cowart Fowler Gary Gavin Gowen Hand Hinson of Ware Hogg Johns Kendrick Key King Lewis McCracken McCurdy Moore Phillips Powell Rossee Roughton Shields Strickland of Pike Sumner Wells of Ben Hill Whaley Willoughby PUBLIC WELFARE Cheshire Chairman Watford ViceChairman Jennings of Terrell Secretary Adams Ansley Banks Bargeron Black Bloodworth of Bibb Boynton Brock Brunson Connell Connerat Cowart Crow Dorsey of White DuPree Ennis Marion Etheridge of Butts Gammage Gilbert Gowen Greer Guerry Harrison of Screven Harrison of Wayne Herrin Hicks Hill Hinson of Ware Holley Holloway Hooks Hurst Jackson Kendrick Kenimer Knabb Lam Livingston Looper Mann of Henry McNall Murphy Oliver Overby Pittman of Tift Ritchie 137 Rossee Sears Sheffield Shields Smith of Oglethorpe Strickland of Upson Sumner Swint RAILROADS Almand Chairman Whaley ViceChairman Porter Secretary Adamson Alexander of Chatham Alexander of Carroll Barrett Beddingfield Black Britton Burch Cheek Cowart Crowley Dykes RULES The Speaker Chairman Durden ViceChairman Hand Secretary Adams Alexander of Chatham Ansley Arnall Arnold Boynton Brock v 138 Thrash Weaver Wells of Lincoln Williams of Ware Williams of Appling Willoughby Witherington Etheridge of Butts Fowler Garrison Gary Gaskins Glisson Greene Griswell Herndon Kennon Mann of Henry Smith of Oglethorpe Swint Underwood Wells of Lincoln Cates Cheshire Connell Culpepper Dallis Dorsey of Cobb Ennis Marion Evitt Fortson Gavin Gibson Mason Gowen Pettit Hardy of Hall Phillips Harrison of Jenkins Rossee Hogg Smiley Hill Sills Hubert Thrash Jennings of Sumter Weaver Jennings of Terrell Wells of Ben Hill Kendrick Whaley Key r Williams of Ware Lewis Williams of Jones Littlejohn Young McCracken SANITARIUM AT ALTO Sumner Chairman Gaskins Gary ViceChairman Glisson Matthews of Paulding Secretary Greene Adamson Greer Ansley Griswell Banks Guerry Barrett Hall Beddingfield Hampton Black Harrison of Wayne Britton Hart Brock Hinson of Jeff Davis Brooke Hollis Burch Holloway Chance Lewis Chastain Livingston Cheek Malone Crow Mankin Crowley Mann of Henry Dorsey of White Mann of Rockdale Dykes Manous Etheridge of Butts Matthews of Peach Garrison Mosley 139 Moye of Brooks Roughton Smiley Smith of Bryan Strickland of Upson Watford Williams of Gwinnett Wither ington Young SPECIAL APPROPRIATIONS Ennis J H Chairman Greene Dallis ViceChairman Twitty Secretary Adamson Alexander of Carroll Banks Barrett Battles Beddingfield Black Britton Burch Callaway Chance Chastain Cheek Crowley Dykes Etheridge of Butts Fowler Freeman Garrison Gaskins Glisson Hall Harrison of Screven Harrison of Wayne Hart Hefner Herrin Hinson of Jeff Davis Hollis Holloway Morrison Mullinax Oakley OSheal Overby Parks Pennington Pittman of Bartow Rowland Seagler Sheffield Strickland of Upson Strickland of Pike SPECIAL JUDICIARY Pannell Chairman Kennon Williams of Toombs ViceChairman Young Secretary Gary Johns Kent Lancaster Lewis Looper 140 Lovett Parham Mankin Pennington Mann of Henry Porter Mann of Rockdale Powell Manous Ramey Massey Riddlespurger Matthews of Peach Ritchie McNall Rowland Mitchell Seagler Morrison Seagraves Mosley Sears Mullinax Sheffield Nicholson Smith of Bryan Oakley Strickland of Upson Oliver Strickland of Pike Overby Thornton OSheal Wilson Park STATE PRISON FARM Oliver Chairman Glisson Williams of Appling ViceChairman Greene Watford Secretary Hall Adamson Harrison of Wayne Alexander of Carroll Hollis Ansley Holloway Arnold Kennon Banks Lewis Barrett Malone Beddingfield Massey Britton Morrison Brock Mullinax Brooke Overby Cheek Smiley Crowley Smith of Bryan Dorsey of White Strickland of Upson Evitt Strickland of Pike Fowler Thornton Freeman Trotter Garrison Underwood 141 STATE OF REPUBLIC Iracken Chairman Hogg nell ViceChairman Holleman T Secretary Holley Adams Hollis Alexander of Chatham Hubert Ansley Jennings of Terrell Arnall Johns Arnold Kelley Baker Kendrick Barrett Kenimer Beddingfield Kennon Brock Kent Brunson Knabb Burch Lam Cates Lane Cheek Lewis Cheshire Mallard Claxton Mann of Henry Connerat Massey Crowley Matthews of Paulding Culpepper Maund DeFoor Medders Durden Miller Ennis Marion Moore Etheridge of Butts Morrison Fortson Mosley Fowler Murphy Freeman Nicholson Garrison Oden Gavin Overby Gibson Phillips Glisson Ritchie Gowen Sears Greer Sills Guyton Smiley Hall Smith of Emanuel Hand Smith of Oglethorpe Hardy of Hall Thrash Harrison of Jenkins Trotter Hefner Watford Hinson of Jeff Davis Willis Hinson of Ware 142 TEMPERANCE Kelley Chairman Hinson of Ware Harrison of Jenkins ViceChairman Holley Alexander of Chatham Secretary Kendrick Ansley Key Baker Knabb Bargeron Littlejohn Claxton McNall Connell Miller Connerat Phillips Dorsey of Cobb Sapp Durden Smith of Emanuel Ennis J H Smith of Oglethorpe Etheridge of Fulton Thrash Gibson Weaver Gowen Whaley Greer Williams of Coffee Hand Young Hatchett TRAINING SCHOOLS Jennings of Terrell Chairman Kenimer DuPree ViceChairman Lam Chance Secretary Lane Connell Massey Cowart Matthews of Pauldinj Crowley Mitchell Ennis J H Pettit Gaskins Ritchie Glisson Rossee Greene Sears Gowen Sparks Guerry Sumner Hardy of Jackson Thrash Hinson of Ware Weaver Holley Wells of Lincoln Hollis Wells of Ben Hill 143 UNIFORM STATE LAWS Boynton Chairman Greene Sparks ViceChairman Hart Hampton Secretary Herrin Adamson Holloway Alexander of Carroll Malone Barrett Massey Battles Mosley Beddingfield Mullinax Black Oakley Crowley Parham DeFoor Parks Dykes UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA Thrash Chairman Ennis Marion Brumby ViceChairman Etheridge of Butts Pittman of Tift Secretary Fowler Adamson Freeman Alexander of Carroll Gammage Almand Garrison Barrett Giddens Beddingfield Glisson Black Greene Bloodworth of Houston Griswell Britton Guerry Brock Hall Burch Hardy of Hall Callaway Harrison of Screven Chance Harrison of Wayne Chastain Hart Cheek Herrin Claxton Hill Connerat Hinson of Jeff Davis Crowley Hollis Dorsey of White Holloway Dykes Hooks Ennis J H Jackson 144 Kendrick Jennon Lara Lancaster Lane Mallard Malone Mann of Henry Manous Matthews of Peach Matthews of Paulding Morrison Mosley Moye of Brooks Moye of Randolph Nicholson Oakley rii I olid OSheal Overby Parks Pennington Pittman of Bartow Porter Price Ramey Ritchie Rowland Seagraves Smith of Bryan Smith of Oglethorpe Smith of Emanuel Thornton Trotter VETERANS AFFAIRS Price Chairman Shields ViceChairman Crow Secretary Arnold Bargeron Bloodworth of Bibb Britton Callaway Chastain Connell Dallis Durden Hall Herndon Hicks Hinson of Ware Jennings of Terrell Kennon Lovett McCurdy Matthews of Peach Massey Medders Moye of Brooks Nicholson Pittman of Tift Roughton Sills Smith of Emanuel Sumner Thrash Weaver Williams of Toombs 145 WAYS AND MEANS ViceChairman Hinson of Ware rH of Emanuel Secretary I Hogg Adams Hooks Adamson Jackson Alexander of Carroll Kendrick Alexander of Chatham King Almand Lancaster Baker Littlejohn Bargeron Looper Barrett Lovett Beddingfield McCurdy Boynton Mallard Broome Mann of Rockdale Burch Manous Cates Massey Cheek Matthews of Paulding Cheshire Maund Cowart Medders Culpepper Morrison Dallis Murphy Dorsey of Cobb Oliver Dorsey of White Pannell Durden Pettit Ennis Marion Pittman of Bartow Fowler Powell Gammage Shields Gary Strickland of Upson Gavin Sumner Gilbert Swint Gowen Twitty Greene Wells of Ben Hill Hall Williams of Gwinnett Hampton Williams of Jones Hatchett Wilson Herndon Young Herrin 146 WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILROAD Gilbert Chairman Evitt ViceChairman Crow Secretary Adamson Arnall Banks Beddingfield Black Britton Brooke Burch Chance Cheek Claxton Connerat Crowley Etheridge of Fulton Garrison Gaskins Giddens Glisson Greene Griswell Hall Hardy of Jackson Harrison of Wayne Harrison of Screven Harrison of Jenkins Hart Hicks Hinson of Jeff Davis Holbrook Hollis Holleman Holley Holloway Hooks Hurst Kent King Lewis Malone Mann of Henry Mann of Rockdale Massey Matthews of Peach Maund Mitchell Morrison Mosley Nicholson Oakley Oliver OShea Overby Parks Pettit Price Ray Sears Shields Sheffield Smiley Smith of Oglethorpe Strickland of Upson Underwood Watford Williams of Coffee Williams of Appling Willis Willoughby Witherington 147 RULES OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 149 THE SPEAKER Rule 1 The Speaker shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful Rule 2 In all cases of election by the House the Speaker shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the House be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall he lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the Speaker shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any other member Rule 3 When two or more members shall rise at the same time the Speaker shall name the person entitled to proceed Rule 4 All committees shall he appointed by the Speaker unless otherwise ordered by the House Rule 5 The method of stating a question or any motion by the Speaker after the same has been read to the House by the Clerk shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the Speaker or a division of the House is called for by any one member of the House the Speaker shall call upon the members in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the clerk he shall call upon the members to reverse their positions and the Speaker shall announce the result Discretion of Speaker When Speaker shall vote Bight of member to the floor to be decided by the Speaker Appointment of Committees Methods of stating a question by Speaker 151 Speaker may name members to preside Duty of Clerk when Speaker is absent Appeals from ruling of the Speaker When no debate on appeals Appeals to be made at once Rule 6 The Speaker may during a days j sitting name any member to perform the duties j of the Chair during any part of that sitting hut no longer Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the j Speaker shall he absent the Speaker pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Clerk of the House shall call the House to Or der and shall preside until a Speaker pro tem pore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the House The Speaker pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease Rule 8 Should any member of the House be dissatisfied with the ruling of the Speaker on any point he shall rise and respectfully address the Speaker and say I appeal from the decision of the Chair The Speaker will then state to the House the point ruled on and his decision on it and shall then put the question of appeal to the House as follows All in favor of the decision of the Chair standing as the sense of this House will say Aye Those opposed will say No and the decision of the House in sustaining or overruling the Speaker shall be final Bole 1 Jsfr0 I Is Up W p BP if gie to pi itoti Bole cause tl ared case of f fending krbftl lieB lie njsnl fteSpei pose Rule 9 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate ip iiel Rule 10 All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made fee i lie I M uteby fee i 152 Rule 11 Where debate is permissible on ap jg may peals from the decision of the Chair any mem House3 the her after being recognized by the Speaker may address his remarks directly to the House Rule 12 The Speaker shall have power to Speaker to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for subordinate misconduct or neglect of duty and when such officerssuspension has been made he shall report the same to the House within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the House may see fit to take in the premises Rule 13 The Speaker shall have power to when cause the galleries and lobbies of the House may order cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in and lobbies case of disturbance or disorderly conduct there cleareL in and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of the House to be dealt with for contempt of the House Rule 14 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the House Speaker the Speaker may order the bar of the House to be closed and the roll of members called by the Clerk and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the House and if any member present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the House Rule 15 The Speaker may at any time order Speaker the roll called on any question and take the vote taken vote by yeas and nays where a division of the and nays House discloses the fact that a quorum of the House has not voted 153 Decisions on questions of priority Conduct of members in debate Time extended how Expulsion Buie 16 All questions as to the priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the Speaker without debate ON DECORUM AND DEBATE Buie 17 When any member is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the House he shall rise and respectfully address himself to Mr Speaker He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken No member of the House shall occupy the floor longer than one 1 hour in debating any question unless otherwise ordered by the House and any motion to limit or extend the time of individual speeches shall be decided without debate No such motion shall prevail unless it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting Such motion may be made at any time that the movant thereof may legitimately obtain the floor If any member in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the House the Speaker shall call him to order in which case the member so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The House shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the House be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the House by a twothirds vote of the members which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays and recorded on the Journal of the House P Ip Ip m I lib R 111 II Urn I iti j p r ie P I h tr b I jnl p k k In i lii lC m ill In lie j in fi a I jo 154 Rule 18 If any member be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Clerk and read then admitted denied or explained by the member who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the House may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at any time the House is acting under the previous question such question of crder and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main questions have been exhausted or until such further time as may then be ordered by the House But no member shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the House for words spoken in debate if any other member has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken Rule 19 The members of the House shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking member shall have taken his seat Rule 20 The members shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the place in which they may be or the county they represent Rule 21 No member shall address the House except as heretofore stated in case of appeals or interrogate a member who is speaking except through the Speaker and should the member speaking decline to be interrupted the Speaker shall cause the member desiring to interrogate to be silent Exception to words spoken i Proviso Silence Mode of designating members House how addressed Questions and interruptions 155 Shall not vote when interested in result Protests Smoking and conversation prohibited Duty while member is speaking and at adjournment Matters transpiring in Senate Committees and private conversation not to be referred to Laudatory and disparaging remarks when forbidden Rule 22 No member shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is immediately and particularly interested In every case where the seat of a member is being contested the sitting member and the contestant shall both retire from the House before the vote is taken Rule 23 Any member may enter a protest in writing against the action of the House said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the House nor any member thereof and such protest shall be entered by the Clerk upon the Journal of the House Rule 24 No member shall converse with any one over the bar of the House Rule 25 No member shall be permitted to enter upon the floor of the House or remain thereon in an intoxicated condition and the Messenger and the Doorkeepers of the House are specially charged with the rigid enforcement of this rule Rule 26 No member shall pass between the Chair and a member while he is speaking nor shall any member at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the Speaker retires Rule 27 No member shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another member or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the Senate Rule 28 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged 156 1 Rule 29 Applause or hisses in the Representative chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall he promptly suppressed Rule 30 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had Rule 31 No member can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the House he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the Speaker Rule 32 On all questions except such as are not debatable any member on the call of the ayes and nays shall as a matter of right be allowed three minutes in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no member shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent of the House No motion shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a members time for explaining Rule 33 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any member it shall be determined by a vote of the House and this motion shall be decided without debate Rule 34 Every member within the hall when a question is put shall vote unless he is immediately and particularly interested therein or the House shall excuse him A motion to excuse a member from voting must be made before the House divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided 157 Applause and hisses forbidden No debate during yeas and nays Only one motion can be made at a time Explanation Reading of papers When members shall vote Motion to excuse when made Excuses from voting Call for a division Division how made Qualifying paragraph exception and provision Strike out and insert not divisible Call of counties without debate except that the member making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail Rule 35 No member shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then make any motion the effect of which is to cut off debate without relinquishing the floor DIVISION OF A QUESTION Rule 36 Any member may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it Rule 37 The member calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by themselves and be consistent and entire Rule 38 A qualifying paragraph an exception or a proviso if taken from that to which it belongs would not contain a distinct or entire proposition Rule 39 A motion to strike out and insert is an indivisible proposition BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Rule 40 The Clerk shall on Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call the counties for the introduction of new matter beginning alternately at the first and last of the alphabet Provided that no member shall introduce more than one bill of a general nature on any day except companion bills and provided further no bill providing for an appropriation of money shall 158 be introduced during the last thirty days of a regular session except by consent of twothirds of the House which twothirds shall be equal to a majority of all of the members elected to the House The question of the introduction of such bill shall be debatable for ten minutes five minutes by the author or other member designated by him and five minutes by member or members opposing such introduction Rule 41 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the numerical order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Clerk shall distinctly state its number and the name of the member by whom introduced provided that House and Senate bills and resolutions adversely reported shall not be taken up for a second reading except by request of the authors of such bill or resolution or some member of the House provided that the General Tax Bill and the General Appropriation Bill shall take precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said Bills shall have been finally disposed of In order that the proper numerical order may be accurately and fairly determined as between bills and resolutions it shall be the duty of the Clerk to place on each bill and resolution as same is read the first time a number following the numerical order in which said bills and resolutions are read the first time adopting one series of numbers and the same series of numbers for both bills and resolutions and not a separate series of numbers as heretofore practiced Rule 42 Every motion to suspend the rules Bills and resolutions called in order Proviso rl59 Effect of unanimous consent for the purpose of taking up bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion to make special orders shall be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the House Rule 43 The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unaimous consent for the introduction of new matter nor to read any bill or resolution the secbnd time or any local bill or resolution a third time or to put any local bill or resolution upon its passage or to recommit a bill or resolution or to withdraw from one commtitee and recommit to another a bill or resolution except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal or after the reading of the Journal has been dispensed with The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to put any general bill or resolution upon its passage or to read such bill or resolution second time and recommit The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any time The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to make a special order or to change the order of business except that by unanimous consent an order of business may be fixed for the period of Unanimous Consents The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to cast his vote on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question nor shall any member be permitted to cast his vote 160 on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question until the question is put to the House by the Speaker on viva voce vote or division of the House or until after the roll call has begun The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time Eule 44 The rules of this House known as suspension Constitutional rules shall in no case be suspended all other rules shall in no case be suspended nor changed nor the order of business be changed except by a vote of twothirds of the members voting Provided however that in order to so change or suspend the rules or change the order of business said twothirds so voting in favor of said change or suspension shall constitute a majority of the members of the whole House Eule 45 No suspension or change or addition to these rules shali be made unless such proposed change or addition or suspension of be first referred to the Committee on Eules and reported back to the House Provided however that immediately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day following the introduction in the House of the proposed change or addition to these rules the Committee on Eules shall report the same back to the House A failure to so report such proposed change or addition to these rules for two days shall automatically bring said proposed change or addition before the House for consideration Eule 46 Any motion to suspend rules or no debate change the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate Provided how 161 Bills etc when introduced No debate on first reading Effect of favorable report of committee ever that whenever a report from the Committee on Rules is submitted to the House the questions arising on said report shall he debatable until the report of the Committee is agreed to or disagreed to or the main question is ordered There shall be no debate however on the report of the Committe on Rules during the last fourteen days of the session Rule 47 It shall be in order to introduce bills or other matter upon the call of the counties without any previous notice having been given for that purpose Rule 48 No debate shall he admitted upon any Bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any Bill or Resolution or other matter requiring reference to a Committee the Speaker shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the House No bill or resolution shall be engrossed except upon the affirmative vote of twothirds of the members present No member shall be recognized at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to engross a bill or resolution When a motion to engross is made which motion may be made upon reading the bill the first time and at no other time no debate shall be permitted except that the movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Clerk and the Bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed In cases where the report of a committee is favor 162 Q tie Ci ie House Mle itteeisif pM loieij ilesdmujj to intd ill of tied 3 having idmitteii ltleiiti other d ietle rithontij omitted able to the passage of a bill the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Any bill may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the House When motion is made to refer a bill or resolution to a committee other than the one to which it is referred by the Speaker even though instructions be added no debate shall be permitted except that movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes No debate shall be permitted unless instructions are added r shall lei r lose of i billow made 1 ig tie li odetaM minm semd All resolutions providing for appointment of committees of inquiry or investigation and any and all other resolutions not privileged except motions for information from the Executive Department and any other Department of the State Government shall be referred by the Speaker to the appropriate committee unless by order of the House referred to some other committee Rule 49 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the Senate on the day of the passage thereof unless twothirds of the members present shall so order 163 Bills when withdrawn Adverse report of committee Transmission to Senate majority vote Bills when printed Committee of the Whole House See Rule 107 et al Bills and Resolutions to be in writing How indorsed Reports of committees order of action Rule 50 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the House by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of j the House agreeing thereto No request for unanimous consent or motion to print a bill shall 1 be made except immediately following the thirty I minute period of Unanimous Consents No de bate shall be permitted on such a motion except I that the movant may speak to his motion not I longer than three minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for three minutes provided however j that when a bill is actually before the House for j consideration such request for unanimous consent or a motion to print may be made but the motion to print shall not take precedence of any other motion permitted under Rule No 55 The motion to print may be made after the motion to table or the motion to postpone to a time certain shall have prevailed The debate on such motion shall be limited as above set forth Rule 51 All proceedings touching the appropriating of money shall be considered in the Committee of the Whole House Rule 52 All bills and resolutions shall be in writing and shall have the name of the member introducing the same as well as the county he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same Rule 53 Where a bill or resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last commit 164 tee report shall be acted on by the House and in all cases the report of the Committee of the Whole House shall be first acted on by the House Rule 54 The Committee on Rules during the last twentyone days of each session shall arrange a calendar for each days business and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing Special Order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order fixed by such calendar except by a vote of a majority of all of the members elected to the House During the period of operation under this rule the calendar or order of business fixed by committee on rules shall be read by the clerk immediately after Confirmation of the Journal of each morning session and immediately after Call of the Roll of each afternoon session and any motion to amend such report either by striking inserting or changing the order shall be made within the first thirty minutes after the reading of such report After the reading of such report and announcement by the Speaker that it is in order for such motions to be made and no such motions being made the House shall proceed to business under the calendar so fixed after which no such motion shall bq made during that session No such motion to amend the report of the Committee on Rules shall be debatable during the period of operation under this Rule PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS Rule 55 When any subject is before the order of House for consideration or under debate no prece en 165 Not debatable when may be renewed When made When made debatable When not in order motion shall be received except the following towit 1st Motion to adjourn 2d A motion to lay on table 3d A motion for the previous question 4th A motion to adjourn to a time definite 5th A motion to postpone indefinitely 6th A motion to postpone to a day certain 7th A motion to commit 8th A motion to amend 9th A motion to print Which said motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand as above arranged MOTION TO ADJOURN Rule 56 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the House A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended Rule 57 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the House is not actually engaged in other business is debatable Rule 58 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the member moving it can legitimately obtain the floor Rule 59 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained9 but when the House has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any mo 166 tin to adjourn be in order after the Clerk has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced but in such cases the rollcall shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced before a motion to adjourn shall be in order Rule 60 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the House to the next sitting day or time in course Rule 61 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the House is being taken by yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the House is acting on the main question after the main question has been ordered1 and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the House shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution MOTIONS TO LAY ON TABLE Rule 62 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order Rule 63 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the House is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken up the same is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar Effect of adjournment Hour of adjournment What business postponed Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table How matters may be taken from table 167 Effect of vote to table Effect of vote to take from table No motion to table in order until rollcall is completed When renewed Not debatable or amendable What can be tabled When in order Rule 64 If the motion to lay on the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the House the measure together with all the motions attached to it at the time it is so disposed of Rule 65 When the proposition is again taken from the table it stands before the House in the exact form with all the motions pertaining to it just as it did at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed Rule 66 After a yea and nay vote is called 1 on any hill or resolution the House not acting at the time under the previous question and one vote has been recorded no motion to table fl shall be in order until the rollcall shall have been completed When any bill or resolution is tabled after the completion of the rollcall and then taken from the table nothing can be done except to announce the result of said vote as shown by said rollcall at the time said bill or resolution was tabled Rule 67 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes Rule 68 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable Rule 69 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again Rule 70 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted on the main question shall 168 be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION Rule 71 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except a motion to adjourn or to lay on the table but neither of said motions shall be made but once until after the previous question has been exhausted and when it is moved the question shall be Shall the motion for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority of a quorum in the affirmative and the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum all other motions except one to reconsider the action in ordering the main question will be out of order and the House cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives But no motion to reconsider the action of the House in ordering the main question shall be in order after the Clerk has called the first name on call of the ayes and nays and the vote of any member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on the vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced in such cases the roll call shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced Rule 72 When the previous question has been ordered the House shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty 169 Effect of previous question Twenty minutes debate allowed minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate Where the report of the committe is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such members as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule This rule shall not be construed to allow the twenty minutes above referred to to be used but once on any bill or measure and then on the final passage of the bill or measure Vote how taken Rule 73 After the main question is ordered any member may call for a division of the House in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays if the call for the yeas and nays is sustained by onefifth of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the yeas and nays and so entered on the Journal I I lift 1 aieisnnc I Mil i aiedin th Effect of main question being ordered Contested Election Rule 74 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the House to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved Rule 75 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any question if th previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report 170 tteei nsj II Werai th p intefe i Biniteli fornii I nuDtte I easTOil emajii Hi tati sferrai II i nreandl me aority astemi iriijra eJto1 port Rule 76 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection Rule 77 A call of the House shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the Speaker that a quorum is not present Rule 78 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shallbe decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE Rule 79 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session Rule 80 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended Rule 81 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule How Called and Ordered Call of the House when in order Question of order Effect Not amendable When cannot be applied 171 Not renewed Effect of negative vote May be amended To a day beyond the session Debate when and how allowed Rule 82 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has been voted down MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN Rule 83 The motion to postpone a bill resolution or other measure to a day certain when decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum removes the subject from before the House until the time designated and makes it a privileged question for that day so selected Rule 84 If the motion to postpone a bill a resolution or other measure is decided in the negative it leaves the question before the House as it was before the motion was made and it cannot be moved a second time on same day or at the same stage of the proceeding Rule 85 This motion to postpone to a day certain may be amended by substituting one day for another In this case the time would be treated as a blank and the Speaker should treat these propositions as he would those to fill blanks Rule 86 If a day designated is known to be beyond the session the Speaker shall treat the motion as though it had been a motion to indefinitely postpone the subject Rule 87 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the propostion to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another It 172 shall be the duty of the Speaker to hold members rigidly to these points Rule 88 This motion cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but must be applied to the whole bill resolution or other measure before the House and when it prevails it carries forward the whole proposition and its appendages to the day named MOTIONS TO COMMIT Rule 89 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committe or committee of the whole House Rule 90 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on but where a motion is made that a bill resolution or other measure be committed to the committee of the whole House this motion shall be put before either of the above named motions Rule 91 On a motion simply to commit no debale shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated Rule 92 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the member making the motion Rule 93 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same Motion how applied Motion to commit Precedence of When debatable How amended Motion to recommit 173 Amendments how made Substitute Bill first perfected then the substitute When too late to amend or any other committee by a majority of a quorum MOTIONS TO AMEND Rule 94 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit 1st By inserting or adding words 2d By striking out words 3d By striking out and inserting words An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment Rule 95 A substitute is simply an amendment it is in effect a motion to strike out all after the enacting clause of a bill or the word Resolved in a resolution and insert that offered as a substitute Rule 96 When a bill or resolution is before the House for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the House to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute Rule 97 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to which was 174 referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the House unless said aetion of the House in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered Rule 98 All motions to amend any matter before the House must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added Rule 99 On all questions whether in committee or in the House the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put Rule 100 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend Rule 101 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected Rule 102i When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the House shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Clerk in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Clerk without any motion being made in the House and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur and amend it Must be in writing Priority Blanks Caption when amended Amending by sections 175 Amendments by striking out and inserting Priority of amendment to perfect Amending Senate Amen dments See Rule 126 Priority Priority of questions on Senate amendments Rule 103 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment Rule 104 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Clerk shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended Rule 105 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a part of a bill or resolution any amendment offered to perfect the part proposed to be stricken shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out Rule 106 When any bill or resolution which originated in the House has been amended in the Senate and is before the House for action on the Senate amendment an amendment may be offered in the House to the Senate amendment but the House amendment to the Senate amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down Rule 107 A motion to amend an amendment made by the Senate to the House bill or resolution takes precedence over a motion to agree to disagree to said amendment Rule 108 The questions which arise before the House respecting amendments by the Senate to a House bill or resolution are 1st A motion to agree to the Senate amendment 2d A motion to disagree to the Senate amendment 176 3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment 4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment 5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment They take precedence in the above order The Speaker isauthorized on his own motion or upon point or order being made when in his opinion a Senate Amendment to a House Bill is not germane or if adopted would render the hill unconstitutional to rule out such amendment the effect of which ruling of the Speaker if not appealed from or if appealed from and the appeal not sustained shall be the same as a vote of the House to disagree and as such the Clerk shall report it to the Senate Such point of order shall take precedence over a motion to agree Provided that when any question of disagreement with the Senate arises the following motions shall be in order at any time the movant can legally obtain the floor and debate thereon limited as in the case of reconsideration 1st a motion to insist upon the House position 2nd a motion to recede from the House position which motions shall be put in the order listed subject to disposition by the House of any amendments or substitutes affecting the matter in disagreement Buie 108A In order to adopt a Senate Amendment to a House bill or resolution and in order to adopt a report of a conference committee the said amendment or conference committee report must receive a majority vote of Majority necessary to adopt Senate Amendment or Conference Committee Report Motion to reconsider Shall not be withdrawn when When there may be one reconsideration When in order Amendments when reconsidered the entire membership elected to the House of Representatives Any rule contravening the letter or spirit of this Rule is hereby repealed RECONSIDERATION Rule 109 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any member whether said member previously voted in the affirmative or negative on the matter sought to be reconsidered to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter as has been previously re considered provided such member shall notify the House of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed Provided further that the action of the House on Senate amendments shall be in order for reconsideration immediately and not otherwise Rule 110 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made Rule 111 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once Rule 112 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the order of unanimous consent on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except thai any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Rule 113 The action of the House upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates Rule 114 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading COMMITTEE ON THE WHOLE HOUSE Rule 115 The Speaker may resolve the House into a Committee of the Whole without a motion being made therefor whenever a bill or resolution shall be in order for consideration on its third reading before the House which is required by the rules of this House to be considered in the Committe of the Whole Rule 116 The House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose provided however that notice of intention to make such motion shall be given during the session of the preceding day individual speeches on such motion being limited to three minutes If such notice shall not have been given the motion shall prevail if it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting and which Iwothird shall also constitute a majority of all of the members elected to the House and provided further whenever the House either by its own vote or by unanimous consent shall commit any bill or resolution to Committee of the Whole House and subsequently a motion shall be made to resolve the House into Committee of the Whole to consider such bill or resolution and such motion shall be lost the said motion shall not be again renewed but it shall be the duty of the Speaker to require 179 Place of calendar When ordered by Speaker See Rule 44 When ordered by the House How formed Proceedings Rule in committee Debate how closed the Clerk to read the hill or resolution again on the following days session under the order of Introduction of New Matter or Reading of Bills the First Time and to refer such bill or resolution to the appropriate committee unless otherwise ordered by the House provided however that for the consideration of the General Tax Bill and General Appropriation Bill the House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose and no previous notice shall be necessary Rule 117 In forming a Committee of the Whole House the Speaker shall leave the chair and a Chairman to preside in committee shall be appointed by the Speaker Rule 118 In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be first read throughout by the Clerk and then again be read or debated by clauses or sections leaving the preamble to be last considered unless otherwise ordered Rule 119 The Rules of the House shall be observed by the Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable except that it can not refer a matter to any other committee it can not adjourn the previous question can not be enforced a motion to lay on the table or indefinitely postpone shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the House shall be in order nor shall any vote be taken by yeas and nays Rule 120 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it shall be desired to close the debate or to limit the time to be allowed members for speaking the committee may rise and re port its desire to the House and the House shall take such action thereon as it may see fit by a resolution agreed for that purpose Said resolution shall apply only to the subjectmatter before said committee and when said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the House the action of the House shall be deemed the sense of the committee and the House may then on motion again resolve itself into Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of the subject Eule 121 In the event that a Committee of the Whole House at any sitting shall for want of time fail to complete any matter under consideration it may on motion at any time in the committee made rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally or at a day certain Eule 122 A motion that the Committee rise and report progress and ask leave to sit again can be made at any time when the mover thereof can legitimately obtain the floor and shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without debate and when it prevails the committee shall immediately rise and when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall automatically rise and the Speaker shall assume the Chair Eule 123 A motion to reconsider shall be in order in Committee of the Whole Eule 124 The Committee of the Whole shall not proceed with the business before it whenever a vote on any question shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present When Time of how extended Motion to riseetc Reconsid eration Duty of Chairman when no quorum is present 181 All members shall vote unless excused Amendments Disorderly conduct reported Chairman may order galleries cleared Proceedings of when business before it is finished ever it is suggested that a quorum is not pres i ent the Chairman of the committee shall satisfy 4 himself of the fact hy actual count of the com j mittee and report the same to the committee f and the Chairman shall on his own motion order that the committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the House Rule 125 The Speaker may in Committee of the Whole take part in the proceedings and he 1 as well as all other members shall vote on all questions before the committee unless excused therefrom and no pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed in the Committee of the Whole Rule 126 Amendments proposed hy the Committee of the Whole may be amended or rejected by the House and matters stricken out by the committee may be restored by the House Rule 127 A Committee of the Whole House can not punish disorderly conduct of its mem bers but must report the same to the House for action thereon Rule 128 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared in case of any disorder ly conduct therein Rule 129 When the Committee of the Whole have disposed of the bill resolutions or other measures before it by motion and question it shall rise and the Chairman will be instructed J to report the action of the Committee to the House At this point the Speaker will resume 182 his seat and the Chairman will return to the floor and will state in substance as follows Mr Speaker the Committee of the Whole House have had under consideration naming what and have instructed me as their Chairman to report the same back to the House with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended or do not pass as the case may be The Speaker will receive this report and repeat the same and the matter will then be before the House for action just as though reported by any other Committee Rule 130 The proceedings of the Committee of the Whole shall not be recorded in the Journal of the House except so far as reported to the House by the Chairman of said committee Rule 131 When in the Committee of the Whole any papers in the possession of the House may be called for by any member and read by the Clerk for the information of the committee unless the committee shall otherwise order Rule 132 Amendments offered to an amendment in the Committee of the Whole shall not be reported to the House but the report shall contain only the result of the committee s action on tho bill resolution or measure under consideration before it ABSENTEES Rule 133 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the House and also the reading of the Journal shall not be dispensed with except by a vote of twothirds of the members Record Papers may be called for Report shall contain result of committees action Morning rollcall dispensed with by two thirds vote 183 Names of absentees noted Duty of Auditing Committee Excuses of members Power to compel attendance present The motion to dispense with the roll call and to dispense with the reading of the Journal shall he decided without debate Rule 134 Upon the call of all the members ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall he noted by the Clerk and shall appear upon the Journal And it shall he the duty of the Clerk to keep a separate list of the absentees from each days proceedings which list shall be entered upon the Journal and shall show which of said absentees are absent without leave and of those absent with leave which are absent for providential causes and which for business reasons which said separate list shall he read in the House with the Journal upon which the same is entered The Clerk shall also keep in a hook accessible to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave the names of all such absentees noting such as are absent without leave and the member so absent without leave unless excused by the House are so absent It shall be the duty of the Committee on Auditing to inquire into the matter before passing upon any members account Excuses of members absent without leave shall he submitted to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent Without Leave and the recommendations of some member of said committee shall he necessary to have said excuse allowed by the House COMPELLING ATTENDANCE Rule 135 The power to compel the attendance of members in order to keep or secure a ffijg Ltafe1 184 quorum shall be vested in the Speaker and to this end he may have the doors of the House closed When the doors are so closed no member shall be allowed to retire from the House without first obtaining leave from the House The Messenger of the House shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the House and on order of the Speaker may arrest any absentees and bring them before the House when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid CALL OF THE HOUSE Rule 136 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present or when the Speaker shall officially state the fact to the House it shall be in order for any member to make a motion for a call of the House and when this motion is made the Speaker shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the House prevail V and if fifteen of the members present shall vote in the affirmative the Speaker shall order the Clerk to call the roll of members and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by order of the majority of the members present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by the officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the House shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged Sergeant atarms 185 What is a quorum Compelling attendance Oath of members Majority required to pass bill Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays Rule 137 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4 Rule 138 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7 Rule 139 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14 Rule 140 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6 Rule 141 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12 Rule 142 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both I tj s d i r 1 cl 1 Oi Ol 1 0 P bi ill d dj r b a 186 Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21 Rule 143 Every bill before it shall pass Revenue shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third reading of local bills must be full and complete Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5 Rule 144 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10 Rule 145 No law or ordinance shall pass one subject which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8 Rule146 No law or section of the Code shall An a161 numt to laws be amended or repealed by mere reference to codetions its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17 Rule 147 Laws of a general nature shall General laws r i how varied have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case Consent and when required Corpora tions Power delegated to courts Relief of recognizance What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appropriations by separate bills for which provisions have been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall he varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the consent in writing of all persons to he affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1 Buie 148 The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies except hanking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18 Buie 149 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer Buie 150 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriation fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public dept and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appro 188 priations shall be made by separate bills each embracing bnt one subject Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9 Rule 151 Neither House shall adjourn for Adjourn a men more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24 Rule 152 All elections by the General As Elections sembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1 Rule 153 No bill or ordinance or resolu isecagfin tion intended to have the effect of a law which nasidd shall have been rejected by either House shall thirds vote be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13 Rule 154 The General Assembly shall meet sea0nr3f on the second Monday in January 1933 and bi iendiys1 ennially thereafter on the same date until the day shall be changed by law Such session shall continue no longer than ten 10 days Regular Session limited to sixty days Elections Disorderly conduct Expulsion by twothirds vote Signature of Governor when required Governors veto Effect of twothirds vote thereon The General Assembly shall reconvene in regular session on the second Monday after the a 4th of July 1933 and biennially thereafter on j the same date nntil the date shall be changed I by law No such regular session shall continue longer than sixty 60 days For complete description of Article see Constitution Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3 Rule 155 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its 1 members and shall have the power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1 Rule 156 No provision of this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the Gen i eral Assembly shall be construed to waive the j necessity for the signature of the Governor as i in any other case except in the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of pro A longation of a session of the General Assembly 1 Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23 Rule 157 The Governor shall have the re vision of all bills passed by the General Assemb ly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwith standing his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented j to him the same shall be a law unless the Gen 190 onvet iy afterl ereaftei le i all coiti eie seej era Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House Art 5 Sec 7 Par 16 thjm atioid rertoi DSC01 ptliyai he kW is Corf isesoffe d to m ie GoveiM two0 jin erf neralAsd Rule 158 Every note resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House Art 5 Sec 1 Par 17 Rule 159 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4 Rule 160 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional Districts for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such pro 191 When Governor must approve Twothirds vote required Twothirds vote required on amendments to Constitution Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called Salaries of Judges posed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendemnts shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately Art 13 Sec J Par 1 Rule 161 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2 Rule 162 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries not to exceed four thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Court shall have salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office 192 The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such changes shall affect the officers then in commission Art 6 Sec 13 Pars 1 and 2 Rule 163 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16 MISCELLANEOUS RULES Rule 164 When a message shall be sent to the House of Representatives it shall be announced at the door of the House by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the chair by the person through whom it may be sent Rule 165 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce is being taken A message shall be presented to the House by the Speaker when received or afterwardsaccording to its nature and the business in which the House is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the House May be changed by a twothirds vote Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same Messages Messages when received and considered Petitions Motions Petitions memorials etc Committees Clerk Clerk Duties of Committee on Enrollment Rule 166 It shall be the order of the day every Wednesday to take np and decide on reports of Committees on Petitions and all Petitions shall he numbered as they are received and taken up and disposed of in the order they were received unless otherwise ordered by a majority of a quorum Rule 167 After a motion is stated by the Speaker or read by the Clerk it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the House but may he withdrawn at any time before the decision by the unanimous consent of the House Rule 168 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memoralist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then he referred without reading Rule 169 The several standing committees of the House shall have leave to report by bill or otherwise The report of the Committee on Rules is in order at any time when the House is not actually engaged in other business Rule 170 The Clerk of the House shall take an oath for the true and faithful discharge of the duties of his office to the best of his knowledge and abilities and shall be deemed to continue in office until another be elected Rule 171 The Clerk shall take special care of the hooks provided for the use of the House Rule 172 The Committee on Enrollment shall carefully compare enrolled bills and reso 194 tted and II lntions and correcting any errors that may he discovered in the enrolled hills or other papers make their report forthwith to their respective Houses Rule 173 Verification of a roll call vote can mm I be dispensed with only by unanimous consent the Speaker shall not entertain a motion to that J effect Rule 174 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Clerk shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting Rule 175 When a motion is made by any member it shall not be necessary that the same motion shall be seconded before being put to the House Rule 176 After the announcement of the standing committee no other members shall be hgeanged placed thereon except when members have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the Speaker may assign said members to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships Rule 177 No person shall be allowed to on the floor ter upon the floor of the House except the members and officers thereof the officers and members of the Senate the Governor of the State and the heads of the officers of the Executive Department Members of Congress from Georgia State House officers and members of the press actively reporting Legislative proceedings exGovernors Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral in actual commission expresiding officers of the House and Senate Judges and DistrictAttorneys of 195 Privileges of the floor Duty of Committee on Journals Members to receipt Clerk for books and papers Adjournment and meeting Motion for yeas and nays not debatable Signature of Speaker and Clerk the United States Courts and such others as the House may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on the Privileges of the Floor The report of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor may be made at any time the chairman of the committee is recognized by the Speaker Privileges of the floor and use of the press table shall be extended only to those representatives of the press bearing proper credentials from recognized newspapers of general circulation and telegraphic press associations provided that no person shall be admitted on the floor of the House who is engaged in lobbying or in attempting to influence legislation Rule 178 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the House that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Clerk Rule 179 No member shall take any books or papers from the possession of the House or Clerk without first acquainting the Clerk and giving him a receipt to return the same in a reasonable time or on his demand Rule 180 The House shall convene at 10 a m Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the House The hour of adjournment to be fixed by a majority of said House on motion without debate Rule 181 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate Rule 182 All Acts and joint resolutions shall be signed by the Speaker and Clerk and all writs warrants and subpoenas issued by or 196 der of the House shall be signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk Rule 183 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the House while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the Speaker to execute the demands of the House from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the Speaker Rule 184 The Messenger under the direction of the Clerk shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them Rule 185 No Committee of the Whole or other committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendment recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendment relates Rule 186 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting Rule 187 Whenever any member moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the Speaker shall appoint a committee on the part of the House and in such case the committee shall consist of only such members as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the House and if by inadvertence any member be Duty of Messenger Messengers duty in distributing documents etc Interlineation forbidden Pairing Committee on con ference Authority of Conference Committees Amend ments nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the Honse and he excused by the Speaker Rule 187a No conference committee appointed by the House or under its authority shall be authorized to agree to any proposal whereby matter new and different from the action of the House and Senate is recommended All conference committees on the part of the House shall be limited in authority to composing the difference between House and Senate on the measure that is referred to said conference committee and apy report from any conference committee which exceeds the authority as outlined here shall be out of order and the Speaker shall so declare and upon his failure to do so at the suggestion of any member the question shall be submitted to the House as to whether the conference committee has exceeded its authority If upon vote it is determined that said action is in excess of the authority of said committee the committee shall be automatically discharged and the report disregarded All rules contravening the letter or spirit of this rule in so far as this rule is affected are to be disregarded Rule 188 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the House it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the House but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment Rule 189 All reports of a committee shall SorSand be in writing and the minority of a committee report8may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent Rule 190 Every motion for information Rntebie118 from the Executive Department or any other Department of the State Government shall lie on the table one day and on the following day such motion shall be deemed privileged and shall be in order for immediate consideration at the request of the author or any other member of the House Rule 191 On the call of the yeas and nays ging the Clerk shall read the names of the members after they have been called and no member shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question Rule 192 Questions of privilege shall be Questions of first those affecting the rights of the House col proviso lectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of members individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence over all other questions except a motion to adjourn Provided that when any matter is before the House no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question shall be disposed of Rule 193 In all elections a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice Rule 194 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing Rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies 199 Rule 195 The Auditing Committee shall before auditing the account of any member for expenses of a committeeman or any account prescribed by a member for any expense incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of this House require of such an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item of said account ORDER OF BUSINESS Rule 196 The following shall be the order of business 0 Scripture Reading and Prayer by the Chaplain 2 Call of the Roll 3 Report of the committee on the Journal 4 Reading of the Journal 5 Confirmation of the Journal 6 Unanimous consents 7 Motions to reconsider 8 Reports of standing committees 9 House bills favorably reported for a second reading 10 Unfinished business of previous session 11 Orders of the day 12 On Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call of the counties for the introduction of new matter On Mondays and Wednesdays third reading of Senate bills and resolutions 200 13 House bills and resolutions for third reading and House bills and resolutions with Senate amendments 14 On Tuesdays House bills on the calendar adversely reported for a second reading 15 On Mondays and Fridays immediately after the call of the counties Senate bills for first and second reading shall be in order 16 On Wednesdays immediately after the call of the counties all petitions and reports of committees on petitions shall be in order 17 Bills of Senate for third reading 18 Senate resolutions 19 Report of committees on enrollment may be made at any time 20 After the regular order of business for each day shall have been exhausted House Bills for first and second reading and Senate Bills for first and second reading respectively shall be in order Unless otherwise ordered by the House no general bills or resolutions shall be in order for a third reading or for reconsideration at Saturdays session General bills or resolutions otherwise in order for reconsideration on Saturday shall stand over until the following Monday Rule 197 No committee of the House shall consist of more than twentyfive members This rule however shall not apply to the following committees Amendments to the Constitution No Ill Amendments to Constitution No 2 Appropriations Commerce Counties and County Matters Education No 1 Education No 2 Georgia State Sanitarium General Agriculture No 1 General Agriculture No 2 General Judiciary No 1 General JudieiaryNo 2 Historical Research Legislative and Congressional Reapportionment Motor Vehicles Municipal Government Penitentiary Public Highways No 1 Public Highways No 2 Public Utilities State Prison Farm University System of Georgia Ways and Means Western and Atlantic Railroad COMMITTEES Rule 198 The Speaker shall appoint the following committees Academy for the Blind Amendments to the Constitution No One Amendments to the Constitution No Two Appropriations Auditing Aviation Banks and Banking Commerce Conservation Corporations Counties and County Matters Drainage Education No One Education No Two Engrossing Enrollment Excuse of Members Absent Without Leave Game and Fish General Agriculture No One 202 General Agriculture No Two General Judiciary No One General Judiciary No Two Georgia School for the Deaf Georgia State Sanitarium Halls and Booms Historical Besearcln Hygiene and Sanitation Industrial Belations Insurance Interstate Cooperation Invalid Pensions and Soldiers Home Journals Legislative and Congressional Beapportionment Manufacturers Military Affairs Mines and Mining Motor Vehicles Municipal Government Penitentiary Pensions Privileges and Elections Privileges of the Floor Public Highways No One Public Highways No Two Public Library Public Printing Public Property Public Utilities Public Welfare Bailroads Rules Sanitarium at Alto Special Appropriations Special Judiciary State of Republic State Prison Farm Temperance Training Schools Uniform State Laws University System of Georgia VeteransAffairs Ways and Means Western and Atlantic Railroad The Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Ways and Means shall be exofficio inemebrs of the Committee on Appropriations Rule 199 Whenever any bill or resolution has been referred to a committee and the same has been held in the custody or control of such committee for ten days without reporting on same the author of such bill or any member of the House shall have the right immediately after the confirmation of the Journal to give notice that on the next regular meeting of the House he will submit a motion instructing such committee to report such bill back to the House after which on the next regular meeting day of the House any member of the House immediately after the confirmation of the Journal may move to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House and if the motion prevails it shall be the duty of such committee to report such bill or resolution accordingly with or without recommendation as the case may be at the next regular session and upon failure of said Committee to report such bill accordingly the same shall automatically be returned to the House for consideration Debate on said motion to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House shall be limited to twenty minutes unless otherwise ordered by the House and when such bill or resolution is so reported or returned to the House it may be referred or committed as other bills or resolutions Provided that any motion or resolution to set a special order or to change the order of business for any particular day which has been referred to the Committee on Rules may be held in the custody and control of such committee only three days instead of ten days under this rule It shall be the duty of the committee to which any measure providing for an appropriation is referred to report such bill or measure back to the House at least fifteen days prior to the last day of the session regardless of any such notice or motion by the author or any other member Rule 200 In drawing for seats all members except those who have been permitted by the House to select seats without drawing shall retire to the rear of the Hall The names of all counties printed on separate slips of paper shall be deposited in a box and the box placed on the Clerks desk The names of the counties shall be drawn separately from the box and announced by the Clerk from his desk 205 When the name of a county is announced the member or members from that county shall come forward to the Clerks desk and secure a desk card with name and county printed thereon and then proceed to select his seat All desks shall be arranged in their proper position on the floor of the House and no desk shall be moved or changed The Speaker shall have the right to reserve seats for the chairmen of the committees on Appropriations and Ways and Means and for the vicechairman of Committee on Rules before the drawing for seats 206 INDEX TO STANDING EULES OF Georgia House of Representatives ABSENTEES Rule No Auditing Committee duty as to134 Clerks duty as to wL 134 Roll Call dispensed with when 133 ADJOURN MOTION TO Committee of whole not in order 119 Definite time debatable when 57 Effect when motion prevailsAll 60 Motion not debatableAL 56180 Motion not amendableA 56 Motion when in order 21 58 Motion when not in order ra59 Precedence of motionA 55 Shall not be made second time until when 56 ADJOURNMENT Constitutional time limit 151 Courtesy to speaker at time of 26 Effect of 1 60 Effect when hour of arrives when House acting under previous question 61 Effect when hour of arrives during vote by yeas and nays 61 Hour of fixed by House 180 ADVERSE REPORT Bills and resolutions adversely reported taken up when 41 Debate on final passageAr 72 Effect of on bills 48 AMENDMENTS Applicable to an amendmenti 94 Bills or resolutions amended by sections 102 Bill perfected before caption or preamble 101 Bills perfected before substitute 96 207 Rule No Blanks must be filled100 Clerks duty in amending by striking out and inserting 104 Committee of whole action on 126 Committee of whole what reported to House 132 Germane must he 103 Motion to amend how made l 94 Motion to commit amendable92 Motion to postpone indefinitely not amendable l V 80 Motion to postpone to time definite amendable 85 Motion to table amendment not in order 62 Motion to table not amendable 68 Must be in writingil 98 Precedence of motion to amend 55 Priority of amendments 3 99 Priority of amendments to perfect part proposed to be strickenI 105 Priority of over motion to agree or disagree 107 Priority of questions on Senate Amendments to H B 108 Priority of on passage of bill 188 Senate amendments to H B House amendments in order 106 Senate majority vote to adopt 108a Reconsidered when 113 Substitute is an amendment 95 When in order 188 When too lateh 97188 AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION Submission to people 160 Convention called Ti 1 161 APPEALS From Speakers decision 8 Members may address House H No debate when of personal characteri1 9 To be made at once 10 APPLAUSE Speakers right to suppress 29 APPROPRIATIONS General bill right of wayt 41 208 Rule No Governors power over1 v j 157 Considered in committee of whole 51 House must originateJ 144 ATTENDANCE Call of Housep 136 Messengers Dutyr 135 Power to compel 1135136 Speakers duty 135 AUDITING COMMITTEE Absentees duty as tog134 Accounts of members duty as to1p 195 BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Amendments and substitutes bill first perfected 96 Amendments by sections 102 Amendments to Code sections 146 Amendments to passed on before those to caption or preamble 101 Appropriations House must originate 144 Clerk to state number and author when reading41 Clerk to call in order on calendar 41 Committee of whole how read 118 Committee reports favorable effect of 48 Committee reports unfavorable effects of 48 Committee reports order of precedence53 Corporations laws relating toi 148 Engrossment effect of 48 General appropriations what to embrace 150 General laws how changed fI 147 Governors approval necessary 158 Governors failure to return 157 Governors veto 157 Immediate transmission when 49 Introduction when 47 Printed when I 50 Reconsideration effect of 114 Rejected when again consideredI 153 Relief of principals and sureties 149 209 Rule No Requirements for J 52 Speakers duty to commit 48 Special laws prohibited when 147 Subjectmatter only one and expressed in title 145 Unanimous consent for readingi 43 Withdrawal of whenfL1 48 Majority necessary to pass 139 Debate none at first reading 1 48 Constitutional requirements as to reading 143 Reading of unanimous consentSg1 43 Reading first no debateT 48 Reading constitutional requirement 143 CALL OF HOUSE Committee of whole not in order 119 Contempt refusal to vote on 14 When in order 14136 When not in order ll 77 CAPTION Not considered until bill perfected 101 CHANGE OF VOTES How done and when 191 CLERK Absence of speaker and speaker pro tern duty of 7 Absentees duty of 134 Amendments striking out and inserting duty of 104 Bills and resolutions how read committee of whole 118 Bills and resolutions called in order from calendar 41 Bills and resolutions name and authors stated 41 Books duty to care for171179 Call of counties Mondays Wednesdays and Fridayst 40 Journal names not voting duty to enterr 174 Oath of prescribed 170 CODE SECTIONS Amendments to Constitutional requirements 146 COMMITTEES Rule No Amendments by take precedenceI188 Appointed by speaker 4198 Bills riot to be interlined or defaced by 18cL Chairmen Appropriation and Ways and Means ExOfficio Members 198 Conference how constituted 18T Report of Conference majority vote J108a Conference authority limitedT 187a Defaulting committee provision as t8E8 Enlarged how AIU Failure of to report provision as to 199 Membership limited7197 Reports of order of precedence C Reports of required 199 Reports must be in writing l89 Speaker exofficio member of Rulesr Speaker to appoint certain committees 4198 Rules committee how elected COMMIT MOTION TO no Amended how Applicable to what 8993 Committee of whole not in order 119 Precedence of as among other motions 55 Precedence of as among motions to commit to different committees 9 COMMITTEE OF WHOLE HOUSE Amendments by action by House Amendments to amendments how reported to House 126 132 51 Appropriation diiis conbiueieu m 118 rms reaa ana ueuaieu uy bccuuno 119 iail oi xiouse not in 117 imairman appoiiitou uy Chairman power to clear galleries or lobby 128 120 U 6 Date now limiteu emu uucu 127 Disorderly conauct repox ttju 121 extension 01 time now bctuicu 117 House may resolve itself into when Interlineation of bills or resolutions prohibitedgj 116 185 211 Rule No Journal not show proceedingsJj 139 Members shall vote 125 Motion to commit to precedence 90 Motion to rise report progress and ask leave to sit again 122 Papers called for gS 131 Proceedings how closed Mfi 122 Proceedings not reported in Journal 130 Procedure when business finished L f 129 Quorum not present procedure 124 Reconsideration in order 123 Reports of precedence Mv 53 Rules applicable to and exceptions 119 Speaker may resolve House into when 115 Speaker may take part 125 Speaker chairman appointed by 117 CONSTITUTIONAL RULES Adjournments limitedii 151 Amendments to Code sections 145 Amendments to Constitution 160 Appropriation Bills House must originate 144 Appropriation Bill General what to embrace 150 Appropriations Journal to show yeas and nays 141 Bills majority necessary to pass 139 Bills reading of Ip 143 Bills rejected when again considered 153 Bills subjectmatter expressed in title 145 Bills only one subjectmatter permittedI1 145 Constitutional convention how called X 161 Corporations power of General Assembly over 148 County sites how changed or removed 158 Date of meeting fixedi 154 Elections by General Assembly 152 Expulsion of members twothirds vote necessary 155 General laws how changed 147 General appropriation bill what to embrace 150 Governor failure to return bills 457 Governors signature when required j156158 Governors veto 457 House judges of election and qualification of members 155 Journal must show majority vote 139 Journal must show yeas and nays when required140141142 212 Rule No Local and special bills notice required 163 Members power to punish misconduct ofIv155 Members oath of prescribed 138 Quorum defined 137 Relief of principals and sureties 149 Salaries of certain officials how changed 162 Special laws prohibited when 147 Subjectmatter bills to contain but one 145 Subjectmatter must be expressed in title 145 Veto of GovernorIi s 157 Yeas and nays required when140141142 Yeas and nays Journal to show on Apps 141 Yeas and nays Journal to show where twothirds vote required 142 CONTEMPT Refusal to vote unless excused on call of House 14 CONTEST Contestant and contestee to retire when vote taken 22 CONVERSATION Prohibited 1924 COUNTY SITE How changed or removed 159 DEBATE Adjournment decided without1 180 Bills first reading no debate 48 Committee of whole regulated If 1119120 Committee happenings reference to out of order 27 Conversations reference to out of order 27 Conduct of members in 17 Individual speeches limited ii 17 Motion to adjourn not debatable 56 Motion to change rules not debatableg 46 Motion to commit when debatable 91 Motion to change order of business not debatable 46 213 Rule No Motion to extend members time of speaking not debatable 17 Motion to excuse member from voting not debatable 34 Motion to indefinitely postpone debatable 80 Motion to instruct committee debate limitedgu 199 Motion for previous question not debatableI 71 Motion to read papers not debatable 33 Motion to suspend rules not debatable 46 Motion to table not debatable 68 Motion to postpone to time definite what debatable 87 Previous question decided affirmatively debate regulated 72 Priority of business not debatable16 Roll call no debate duringlr 30 Senate happenings reference to out of order 27 Yeas and nays decided without debate 181 DISPARAGING REMARKS Members prohibited from28 DIVISION Duty of member calling for37 Motion to excuse from voting to be made before 34 Right to call for 36 What not divisible 3839 DRAWING FOR SEATS Regulated p lg 200 ELECTION House Judge of of members 155 Majority vote necessaryA 193 ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE Duties of i1 172 EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN Procedure S1I 18 EXPLANATION OF VOTES When allowed and time limited 32 214 EXPULSION OF MEMBERS Rule No When 17155 DOORKEEPER Duty as to enforcement of rule as to intoxication 25 Duty as to messagestl 164 Speaker may suspend when 12 GALLERIES Applause to be suppressedU29 Committee of whole chairman may cleari 128 Speaker may clearr 13 GENERAL ASSEMBLY Meets when 154 Session Limited 154 GENERAL APPROPRIATION BILL Constitutional provision as to what it shall embrace 150 Right of way in order of businessl 41 GENERAL LAWS How changed1 li 147 GENERAL TAX BILL Right of way of 1 GOVERNOR Failure to return bill effectj 157 Signature when required 156158 Veto 157 HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT Fixed by House 180 IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO SENATE Twothirds vote necessary 49 215 INTOXICATION Rule No Member denied floor while in state of1 25 JOURNAL Absentees shown on L 134 Amendments to Constitution yeas and nays must be shown on 139 Appropriation of money yeas and nays shown 141 Committee duty to read 173 Committee of whole proceedings not shown 130 Majority on passage of bills must be shown 139 Names those not voting shown on1 I74 Yeas and nays to be shown1140141 LAUDATORY REMARKS Prohibited in Nominations 28 LOCAL BILLS Constitutional requirement as to reading 143 Constitutional requirement as to notice 163 Introduced when 47 Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent Z 43 MAIN QUESTION Effect as to when votes had on motion for previous question pI717274 Minority report time allowed for debate 75 Motion to table supersedes when 70 Reconsideration of j 74 When ordered call of House 77 When ordered vote how takeni 73 MAJORITY Bill majority vote necessary to pass 139 Elections majority vote necessaryt1 493 Quorum majority necessary 437 MEMBERS Adjournment duty of at 26 Arrest subject to when135136137 216 Rule No Attendance of compelled when135136137 Books and papers duty as to1 179 Called to order for transgressing rules 17 Changing votes how and when 191 Committee of whole right to speak 119 Committee of whole duty to vote I 125 Conduct in debate 3 jj 17 Conversation and smoking prohibited 1924 Debate how often to speakI 17 Debate individual speeches limited 17 Debate reference to conversations happenings in committee and Senate prohibited 27 Decorum of 1719242627 Designation of members mode of 20 Exceptions to words of procedure33 18 Expulsion of when4333 17155 Interrogating mode of3 21 Intoxication denied floor when in state of 25 Introduction of bills number limited 40 Introduction of bills name and county to be endorsed 52 Laudatory remarks in nominations 7 28 Members speaking duty of while3 26 Misconduct in house and committee of whole127155 Motion may make one at a time 31 Motion must resume seat while being put 31 Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when 35 Oath of prescribed3 138 Protests of proceedingsr7 23 Retire when required to 22 Seats drawing forK 200 Vote shall not when interested3f 22 Vote shall exception1 34125 MEMORIALS Manner of presentation 168 MEETING OF HOUSE Adjournment fixed by House 180 Time of meeting for daily sessions180 Constitutional provisions 154 217 MINORITY REPORTS Rule No How made 189 1 Main question ordered privileged first signer 75 j MESSAGES How sent announced received and considered44 165 j MESSENGER Arrest of membersri135136 Exofficio sergeantatarms 1 135 1 Intoxicated member enforcement of rule1 25 1 General duties 183184 j Speaker may suspend when4 12 1 MOTIONS Information from executive department lie on table Nondebatable prohibited when I One at a time only 4 Order of priority Order of business motion to change not debatable Order of business motion to change vote necessary Read papers motion to decide without debate Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 4 Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted Seconding of unnecessary 4 Special orders motion to make how substituted Strike out and insert motion to not divisible Withdrawn how 4 NEW MATTERS Call of counties by clerk 40 General bills limited to one a day t 40 Information from executive department to lie on table 190 Unanixhous consents for 4 43 NOMINATIONS Laudatory remarks prohibited44 28 OATHS Of Clerk prescribed4r 170 Of Members prescribed 138 218 190 35 31 55 46 4 54 33 14 44 424549 172 45 39 167 ORDER OF BUSINESS Changed how 112444654 Motion to change not debatable Motion to change vote necessary 4454 Priority of established r 96 Rules committee to fix during last twentyone days 54 PARLIAMENTARY LAW Applicable when PETITIONS Considered when 166 Manner of presentation 168 PREAMBLE Not considered until resolution perfected rag PREVIOUS QUESTION Adjourn motion not in order after affirmative votes on 71 Adjournment effect arrival hour of House acting under 61 Affirmative votes result 71727475 Applicable to what v yr1 Call of House not in order after ordered except when 77 Call for sustained motion to table in order 70 Exhausted must be before matters of words 1 O excepted to decided Precedence of motion 119 80 POSTPONE Applicable to what definite and indefinite 8188 Committee of whole motion to definitely postpone not in orderLi Debate motion to indefinitely postpone debatable but not amendable Definitely postpone motion to amendable 85 Effect of affirmative action on motion to indefinitely postpone Effect of affirmative action on motion to postpone to time definite T1 Effect of negative action 79 219 Rule No Indefinitely motion to when not applicableJ81 Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 86 Indefinitely motion to not renewable w 82 Precedence of motionu114 55 PRIVILEGE Personal privilege 192 Questions pf what constitutes I 192 PRIVILEGES OF FLOOR Who entitled to 177 PRINTING OF BILLS When ordered 5 50 PROTESTS OF MEMBERS Procedure 23 QUALIFYING PARAGRAPH Not a divisible question 38 QUORUM Constitutional definition 137 READING OF PAPERS House determines by vote 33 RECONSIDERATION Amendments when reconsiderad g 413 Bills notice of motion when given 109 Bills notice not to be withdrawn when HO Committee of whole motion in order 123 Effect of on bills 114 Main question ordered motion in order to reconsider 71 Motion in order but once on same subject matter 111 Motions when in order 112 REMONSTRANCES Manner of presentation 158 220 REPORTS OF COMMITTEES Rule No Committees may report by bill or otherwise 169 Order of precedence of 53 ROLL CALL Explanation of votes onJir Jrag 32 Debate none during1l 30 How dispensed with133 Speaker may order when ieS r15 RULES Motion to suspend or change decided without debate 46 Suspended or changed howL j 444546 RULES COMMITTEE Constituted and elected how4 Effect of failure to reportr 45 Order of business fixed by during last fourteen days 54 Report of in order when 169 Special orders and motions to suspend rules duty to report on1 Lr 4245 SALARIES Constitutional provision as to changingi 162 SEATS Drawing for regulatedr 200 SERGEANTATARMS Call of House duty ofJ 136 Messenger is exofficio 2LLX 135 SIGNATURE OF SPEAKER AND CLERK When required 182 SILENCE Members to preserve when IiJ1 19 221 SMOKING Rule No Prohibited 24 SPEAKER Absence of Speaker pro tem to presidev Adjournment members to remain until Speaker retires 26 Appeals from decision of891011 Appeals from decision of to be made at once10 Appeals from decision of no debate when 9 Appointment of committees by4198 Appointment of chairman of Committee of Whole 117 Appointment of Conference Committeei5 187 Attendance power to compel 135 Business priority of decided without debate16 Chairman Committee of Whole appointed by 117 Committees appointed by w 4198 Committee of Whole may resolve House into when 115 Committee of Whole assumes chair when 122 Committee of Whole receiving chairmans report 129 Committee of Whole right to take part in 125 Courtesy of members to at adjournment 26 Doorkeeper Speaker may suspend 12 Galleries may be cleared by 13 Interrogation of members conducted through 21 Irrelevant debate power to suspend 1 Members Speaker may name to preside6 Members courtesy due by at adjournment 26 Method of stating question by 5 Quorum duty of when no quorum voting 1415 Recognition of members decided by 3 Recognition of members for unanimous consent1 43 Rules Committee Speaker exofficio member 198 Silence commanded by when1 Suspension of officers 12 Vote Speaker required to when 2 SPEAKER PRO TEM Absence of Speaker duty to preside 7 Election 7 SPECIAL COMMITTEE Priority of motion to commit in 90 222 SPECIAL LAWS Pule No Notice required wci v 163 Prohibited when 147 SUBJECTMATTER Bills to contain but one and expressed in titleC 145 SUBSTITUTE Amendment is Wr v 5i Bill perfected before substitute 96 Motion to table not in orderv 62 SUSPENSION OF RULES How accomplished 444546 TABLE MOTION TO Amendment or substitute motion to table not in order 62 Amendment motion to table not subject to 68 Application of what can be laid on table 69 Committee of Whole motion not in orderH9 Debate motion to table not debatable 68 Effect when motion to table prevails 64 Effect when motion to take from table prevails 6365 Effect when motion to take from table prevails where measure tabled after roll call 66 Executive department information called from tabled one day 190 Main question motion to table in order after motion f6r previous question sustained 70 Main question motion to table not in order after House has voted that main question shall be now put 70 Motion to take from when in order 63 Previous question motion to table in order after call for sustained JlL 70 Previous question motion to table not in order after main question ordered i 70 Renewal of motions to table and take from when 67 Roll call motion not in order until completion Sil 66 TWOTHIRDS VOTE NECESSARY WHEN Amendments to Constitutionrf 160 223 Rule No Constitution Convention 161 County Site changed or removedWbL 159 Expulsion of members1Tg1 155 Governors veto overridden 156157158 Prolongation of sessioni 156 UNANIMOUS CONSENTS Limitation and regulation of 43 YEAS AND NAYS Adjournment effect when hour of arrives during vote by 61 Amendments to Constitution 1 v 160 Changing votes after call of 191 Committee of whole vote not taken by 119 Explanation of votes when vote taken by 32 Excuse from voting motion must be made before roll call begins 34 Journals to show whenr 140141142 Journal to show names not voting 174 Motion to table when in order when vote taken by 66 Required when I 73140141142 Speaker may order when no quorum voting 15 224 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF STATE CONSTITUTIONSL 226 ARTICLE IBill of Rights E 7t4227229 ARTICLE IIElective Franchise 230233 ARTICLE illLegislative Department 233241 ARTICLE IVPower of General Assembly over Taxation241242 ARTICLE VExecutive Department 242248 ARTICLE VIJudiciary 248257 ARTICLE VIIFinance Taxation and Public Debt258268 ARTICLE VIIIEducation 1r 268271 ARTICLE IXHomestead and Exemption 271273 ARTICLE XMilitia 273 ARTICLE XLCounties and County Officersi273276 ARTICLE XIIThe Laws of General Operation in Force in this State2 6277 ARTICLE XIIIAmendments to the Constitution 277278 ORDINANCES IBHII279282 Tabulation of Amendments Proposed283294 295 Chronological Analysis TVpr 225 CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF ORGANIC ACTS AND STATE CONSTITUTIONS OF GEORGIA Charter of the Colony of Georgia 1732 Grant of George II King of Great Britain Constitution of 1777 Constitutional Convention Oct 1 1776Feb 5 1777 Constitution of 1789 Constitutional Convention Nov 424 1788 Jan 420 1789 May 46 1789 May 16 1795 Constitution of 1798 Constitutional Convention May 830 1798 Constitution of 1861 Constitutional Convention Jan 16March 23 1861 Constitution of 1865 Constitutional Convention Oct 25Nov 8 1865 Constitution of 1868 Constitutional Convention Dec 9 1867March 11 1868 Constitution of 1877 Constitutional Convention July 11 1877August 25 1877 226 CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OF GEORGIA 1877 as amended PREAMBLE To perpetuate the principles of free government insure justice to all preserve peace promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty we the people of Georgia relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God do ordain and establish this Constitution ARTICLE I Bill of Rights Section I Paragraph I All government of right originates with the people is founded upon their will only and is instituted solely for the good of the whole Public officers are the trustees and servants of the people and at all times amenable to them Par II Protection to person and property is the paramount duty of government and shall be impartial and complete Par III No person shall be deprived of life liberty or property except by due process of law Par IV No person shall be deprived of the right to prosecute or defend his own cause in any of the courts of this State in person by attorney or both Par V Every person charged with an offense against the laws of this State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel shall be furnished on demand with a copy of the accusation and a list of the witnesses on whose testimony the charge against him is founded shall have compulsory process to obtain the testimony of his own witnesses shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him and shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury Par VI No person shall be compelled to give testimony tending in any manner to criminate himself Par VII Neither banishment beyond the limits of the State nor whipping as a punishment for crime shall be allowed 227 Art 1 Sec 1 Par 8 Par VIII No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty niore than once for the same offense save on his or her own motion for a new trial after conviction or in case of mistrial Pr IX Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted nor shall any person be abused in being arrested while under arrest or in prison Par X No person shall be compelled to pay costs except after conviction on final trial Par XI The writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended Par AH men have the natural and inalienable right to worship God each according to the dictates of his own conscience and no human authority should in any case control or interfere with such right of conscience Par XIII No inhabitant of this State shall be molested in person or property or prohibited from holding any public office or trust on account of his religious opinions but the right of liberty of conscience shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the State Par XIV No money shall ever be taken from the public Treasury directly or indirectly in aid of any church sect or denomination of religionists or of any sectarian institution Pfr XV No law shall ever be passed to curtail or restrain the liberty of speech or of the press any person may speak write and sh his sentiments on all subjects being responsible for the abuse oi that liberty Par XVI The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the persons or things to be seized 6 Par XVII There shall be within the State of Georgia neither slavery nor involuntary servitude save as a punishment for crime after legal conviction thereof Ear XVIII The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject of legislation Par XIX The civil authority shall be superior to the military aii soler sall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner nor in time of war except by the civil magistrate m such manner as may be provided by law i XX The power of the Courts to punish for contempt shall be limited by legislative acts There shall be no imprisonment for debt Par XXI T5Vihtf the PePle to keeP and bear arms shall not be infringed but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the manner m which arms may be borne 228 Art 1 Sec 1 Par 13 Par XXIII The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided Par XXIV The people have the right to assemble peaceably for their common good and to apply to those vested with the powers of government for redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance Par XXV All citizens of the United States resident in this State are hereby declared citizens of this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact such laws as will protect them in the full enjoyment of the rights privileges and immunities due to such citizenship Section II Paragraph I In all prosecutions or indictments for libel the truth may be given in evidence and the jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law and the facts The power of the Judges to grant new trials in case of conviction is preserved Par II Treason against the State of Georgia shall consist in levying war against her adhering to her enemies giving them aid and comfort No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or confession in open court Par III No conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate Par IV All lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets are hereby prohibited and this prohibition shall be enforced by penal laws Par V Lobbying is declared to be a crime and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties Par VI The General Assembly shall have the power to provide for the punishment of fraud and shall provide by law for reaching property of the debtor concealed from the creditor Section III Paragraph I In cases of necessity private ways may be granted upon just compensation being first paid by the applicant Private property shall not be taken or damaged for public purposes without just and adequate compensation being first paid Par II No bill of attainer ex post facto law retroactive law or law impairing the obligation of contracts or making irrevocable grant of special privileges or immunities shall be passed Par III No grant of special privileges or immunities shall be revoked except in such manner as to work no injustice to the corporators or creditors of the incorporation 229 Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1 Section IV ayaraPh L Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particuiar case by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent n Legislative acts in violation of this Constitution or the Constitution of the United States are void and the Judiciary shall so declare them Section V Paragraph I The people of this State have the inherent sole and exclusive right of regulating their internal government and the police thereof and of altering and abolishing their Constitution whenever it may be necessary to their safety and happiness fclp The enumeration of rights herein contained as a part of the Constitution shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent rights which they may have hitherto enjoyed ARTICLE II Elective Franchise Section I Paragraph I After the year 1908 elections by the people shall be by ballot and only those persons shall be allowed to vote who have been first registered in accordance with the requirements of law Acts 1908 p 27 ratified Oct 7th 1908 IL Every citizen of this State who is a citizen of the United States eighteen years old or upwards not laboring under any of the disabilities named in this Article and possessing the qualifications provided by it shall be an elector and entitled to register and vote at any election by the people Provided that no soldier sailor or marine m the military or naval services of the United States shall acquire the rights of an elector by reason of being stationed on duty in this State Acts 1908 pp 27 28 ratified Oct 7th 1908 Acts 1943 pp 3940 ratified August 3 1943 Par III To entitle a person to register and vote at any election by the people he shall have resided in the State one year next preceding the election and in the county in which he offers to vote six months next preceding the election and shall have paid all poll taxes that he may have had an opportunity of paying agreeably to law Such payment must have been made at least six months prior to the election at which he offers to vote except when such elections are held within six months from the expiration of the time fixed by law for the ch taxesj Acts 1908 pp 27 28 ratified Oct 7 1908 Acts 1931 p 102 ratified Nov 8 1932 Art 2 Sec 1 Par 4 Par IV Every male citizen of this State shall be entitled to register as an elector and to vote in all elections in said State who is not disqualified under the provisions of Section II of Article II of this Constitution and who possesses the qualifications prescribed in Paragraphs II and III of this Section or who will possess them at the date of the election occurring next after his registration and who in addition thereto comes within either of the classes provided for in the five following subdivisions of this paragraph 1 All persons who have honorably served in the land or naval forces of the United States in the Revolutionary War or in the War of 1812 or in the War with Mexico or in any War with the Indians or in the War between the States or in the War with Spain or who honorably served in the land or naval forces of the Confederate States or of the State of Georgia in the War between the States or 2 All persons lawfully descended from those embraced in the classes enumerated in the subdivision next above or 3 All persons who are of good character and understand the duties and obligations of citizenship under a republican form of government or 4 All persons who can correctly read in the English language any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State and correctly write the same in the English language when read to them by any one of the registrars and all persons who solely because of physical disability are unable to comply with the above requirements but who can understand and give a reasonable interpretation of any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State that may be read to them by any one of the registrars or 5 Any person who is the owner in good faith in his own right of at least forty acres of land situated in this State upon which he resides or is the owner in good faith in his own right of property situated in this State and assessed for taxation at the value of 500 Acts 1908 pp 27 28 ratified Oct 7th 1908 Par V The right to register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of Paragraph IV shall continue only until January 1st 1915 But the registrars shall prepare a roster of all persons who register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of Paragraph IV and shall return the same to the clerks office of the superior court of their counties and the clerks of the superior court shall send copies of the same to the Secretary of State and it shall be the duty of these officers to record and permanently preserve these rosters Any person who has been once registered under either of the subdivisions 1 or 2 of Paragraph IV shall thereafter be permitted to vote Provided he meets the requirements of Paragraph II and III of this Section Acts 1908 pp 27 29 ratified Oct 7th 1908 Par VI Any person to whom the right of registration is denied by the registrars upon the ground that he lacks the qualifications set forth in the five subdivisions of Paragraph IV shall have the right to take an appeal and any citizen may enter an appeal from the decision of the registrars allowing any person to register under said subdi 231 Art 2 Sec 1 Par 4 visions All appeals must be filed in writing with the registrars within ten days from the date of the decision complained of and shall be returnd by the registrars to the office of the clerk of the superior court 1908 aS ther appeals Acts 1908 pP 27 29 ratified Oct 7th ar VII Pending an appeal and until the final decision of the ase the judgment of the registrars shall remain in full force Acts 1908 pp 27 30 ratified Oct 7th 1908 Par VIII No person shall be allowed to participate in a primary ot any political party or a convention of any political party in this Octte7thh1908Ot 3 qUalified voter Acts 1908 PP 27 30 ratified Par IX The machinery provided by law for the registration of force October 1st 1908 shall be used to carry out the provisions of this Section except where inconsistent with same the legislature may change or amend the registration laws from time to time but no such r amendment shall operate to defeat any of the provisions of this Section Acts 1908 pp 27 30 ratified Oct 7th 1908 Section II Paragraph I The General Assembly may provide from time to time for the registration of all electors but the following classes of persons shall not be permitted to register vote or hold any office or SPKtlnfeni of honor or tiust in this State towit 1st Those who shall have been convicted in any court of competent jurisdiction of treason against the State of embezzlement of public funds malfeasance m office bribery or larceny or of any crime involving moral turpitude punishable by the laws of this State with imprisonment in the penitentiary unless such persons shall have been pardoned 2d idiots and insane persons Section III Paragraph I Electors shall in all cases except for treason felony larceny and breach of the peace be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections and in going to and returning from the same 6 Section IV Paragraph I No person who is the holder of any public money contrary to law shall be eligible to any office in this State until the same is accounted for and paid into the Treasury K Par IL No peJsn woh0 after the adoption of this Constitution being a resident of this State shall have been convicted of fighting a duel m this State or convicted of sending or accepting a challenge or convicted of aiding or abetting such duel shall hold office in this State unless he shall have been pardoned and every such person shall also be subject to such punishment as may be prescribed by law 232 Art 2 Sec 5 Par 1 Section V Paragraph I The General Assembly shall by law forbid the sale distribution or furnishing of intoxicating drinks within two miles of election precincts on days of electionState county or municipal and prescribe punishment for any violation of the same Section VI Paragraph I Returns of election for all civil officers elected by the people who are to be commissioned by the Governor and also for the members of the General Assembly shall be made to the Secretary of State unless otherwise provided by law ARTICLE III Legislative Department Section I Paragraph I The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives Section II Paragraph I The Senate shall consist of fiftyone members There shall be fiftyone Senatorial Districts as now arranged by counties Each District shall have one Senator Par II At present there are 52 Senatorial Districts see following cited Acts and Editorial note Acts 1918 p 84 and 1918 p 102 ratified Nov 5 1918 1919 p 68 1920 p 34 1920 p 38 1920 p 48 and 1920 p 52 ratified Nov 2 1920 and 1924 p 39 ratified Nov 4 1924 and 1924 p 39 ratified Nov 41924 1937 p 28 ratified June 8 1937 Section III Paragraph I The House of Representatives shall consist of representatives apportioned among the several counties of the State as such counties are marked and defined and as the same may be hereafter created as follows To the eight counties having the largest population three representatives each to the thirty counties having the next largest population two representatives each and to the remaining counties one representative eaeh including the new counties of Lanier Seminole Brantley Long and Lamar In the event of the ratification of this amendment to the Constitution and in the event of the ratification of the amendments to the Constitution creating the counties of Lanier Seminole and Brantley or either of them the said counties so created shall also be entitled to representation in the General Assembly In the event of a ratification of the amendments creating the counties of Lanier Seminole and Brantley or either of them an election shall be held in such county or counties on the first Tuesday 233 Art 3 Sec 3 Par 1 in January 1921 under the laws now governing similar elections for members of the General Assembly for the election of a member of the General Assembly from said county or counties for the session of 1921 and 1922 Acts 1904 p 48 ratified Oct 5 1904 1908 p 31 ratified Oct 7 1908 1914 p 37 ratified Nov 3 1914 1918 p 87 ratified Nov 5 1918 1920 p 55 ratified Nov 2 1920 Par II The above apportionment shall be changed by the General Assembly at its first session after each census taken by the United States Government so as to give to the six counties having the largest population three Representatives each and the twentysix counties having the next largest population two Representatives each but in no event shall the aggregate number of Representatives be increased Section IV Paragraph I The members of the General Assembly shall be fleeted for two years and shall serve until the time fixed by law for the convening of the next General Assembly The provisions of this Paragraph Section and Article shall apply to the terms of the members of the General Assembly who were elected at the general election for members of the General Assembly in the year 1912 Acts 1914 p 45 ratified November 3rd 1914 Par II The first election for members of the General Assembly under this Constitution shall take place on the first Wednesday in December 1877 the second election for the same shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and subsequent elections biennially on that day until the day of election is changed by law Par III The General Assembly shall meet in regular session on the second Monday in January 1945 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the date shall be changed by law By concurrent resolution adopted by a majority of the members elected to both Houses the General Assembly may adjourn any regular session to such later date as it may fix for reconvening in regular session but shall remain in regular session no longer than seventy 70 days in the aggregate during the term for which the members were elected If it shall adjourn the first regular session before the expiration of seventy 70 days without fixing a date for reconvening the General Assembly shall reconvene in regular session on the second Monday in January of the next year AH business pending in the House or Senate at the adjournment of any regular session may be considered at any later regular session of the same General Assembly as if there had been no adjournment Nothing herein shall be construed to affect the power of the Governor to convoke the General Assembly in extraordinary session or the duty of the Governor to convene the General Assembly in extraordinary session upon the certificate of threefifths of the members elected to the Senate and House of Representatives as provided in Article 5 Section 1 Paragraph 13 of this Constitution If an impeachment trial is pending at the end of any regular or extraordinary session the Senate may continue in session until such trial is completed Acts 1943 pp 5152 ratified August 3 1943 234 Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4 Par IV A majority of each house shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each house may provide Par V Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interests and prosperity of this State Par VI Length of session See Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3 Par VII No person holding a military commission or other appointment or office having any emolument or compensation annexed thereto under this State or the United States or either of them except Justices of the Peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either house nor shall any Senator or Representative after his qualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without the advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment having any emolument annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected Par VIII The seat of a member of either house shall be vacated on his removal from the district or county from which he was elected Section V Paragraph I The Senators shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age twentyfive years and who shall have been citizens of this State for four years and for one year residents of the district from which elected Par II The presiding officer of the Senate shall be styled the President of the Senate and shall be elected viva voce from the Senators Par III The Senate shall have the sole power to try impeachments Par IV When sitting for that purpose the members shall be on oath or affirmation and shall be presided over by the Chief Justice or the presiding Justice of the Supreme Court Should the Chief Justice be disqualified the Senate shall select the Judge of the Supreme Court to preside no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of twothirds of the members present Par V Judgments in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor trust or profit within this State but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment trial judgment and punishment according to law Art 3 Sec 6 Par 1 Section VI Paragraph I The Representatives shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyone years and who shall have been citizens of this State for two years and for one year residents of the counties from which elected Par II The presiding officer of the House of Representatives shall be styled the Speaker of the House of Representatives and shall be elected viva voce from the body Par III The House of Representatives shall have the sole power to impeach all persons who shall have been or may be in office Section VII Paragraph I Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs Par II Each House may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its presence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either House Par III The members of both Houses shall be free from arrest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in going thereto or returning therefrom except for treason felony larceny or breach of the peach and no member shall be liable to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either House Par IV Each House shall keep a Journal of its proceedings and publish it immediately after its adjournment ar YV The original Journal shall be preserved after publication in tliG office of the Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof ParY1 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal Par VII Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection but the first and second reading of each local bill and bank and railroad charters shall consist of the reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed Acts 18901 p 58 ratified Oct 5 1892 Par VIII No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof Par IX The general appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Govern 236 Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9 ment payment of the public debt and interest thereon and for support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject Par X All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills Par XI No money shall be drawn from the Treasury except by appropriation made by law and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditure of all public money be published every three months and also with the laws passed by each session of the General Assembly Par XII No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each house are recorded Par XIII All acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either house shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without theconsent of twothirds of the house by which the same was rejected Par XIV No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance so appear on the Journal Par XV Local bills Par XVI No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such act shall be passed Par XVII No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made Par XVIII The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the courts it may confer this authority to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to the judges of the superior courts of this Statein vacation All corporate powers and privileges to banking insurance 007 Zo Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18 railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law and if in any event the Secretary of State should be disqualified to act in any case then in that event the legislature shall provide by general laws by what person such charters shall be granted Acts 1891 pp 59 60 ratified Oct 5 1892 1912 p 27 ratified Nov 5 1812 Par XIX The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the propert officer Par XX The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passenger railway within the limits of any incorporate town or city without the consent of the corporate authorities Par XXI Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal Par XXII The General Assembly shall have power to make all laws and ordinances consistent with this Constitution and not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States which they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of the State Paragraph XXIII No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly Par XXIV Neither house shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them Par XXV The General Assembly of the State shall have authority to grant to the governing authorities of the cities of Atlanta Savannah Macon Augusta Columbus LaGrange Brunswick Waycross Albany Athens Rome Darien Dublin Decatur Valdosta Newnan Thomaston and East Thomaston and cities having a nopulation of 25000 or more inhabitants according to the United States census of 1920 or any future census authority to pass zoning and planning laws whereby such cities may be zoned or districted for various uses and other or different uses prohibited therein and regulating the use for which said zones or districts may be set apart and regulating the plans for development and improvement of real estate therein The General Assembly is given general authority to authorize the cities of Atlanta Savannah Macon Augusta Columbus LaGrange Brunswick Waycross Albany Athens Rome Darien Dublin Decatur Valdosta Newnan Thomaston and East Thomaston and cities having Art 3 Sec 7 Par 25 a population of 25000 or more inhabitants according to the United States census of 1920 or any future census to pass zoning and planning laws Acts 1927 pp 127 128 ratified Nov 6 1928 Par XXVI The General Assembly of the State shall have the authority to grant to the governing authorities of any city or county in this State having a population of 1000 or more according to the Federal census of 1930 or any such future census the authority to pass zoning and planning laws whereby such cities or counties may be zoned or districted for various uses and other or different uses prohibited therein and to regulate the use of which said zones or districts may be set apart and to regulate the plans for development and improvement of real estate therein Acts 1937 p 1135 ratified June 8 1937 Par XXVII Neither the State of Georgia nor any political subdivision thereof shall inaugurate or maintain any civil service scheme pf any nature whatever which fails to provide for honorably discharged veterans of any war and the said State of Georgia or any political subdivision shall if a civil service scheme is originated or is already 4n force shall provide equal preferences accorded to such veterans as now exist under Federal Civil Service Laws Ga Laws 1943 pp 10 ll ratified August 3rd 1943 Section VIII Paragraph I The officers of the two houses other than the President and Speaker shall be a Secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the Jlouse of Representatives and such assistants as they may appoint but the clerical expenses of the Senate shall not exceed sixty dollars per day for each session nor those of the House of Representatives seventy dollars per day for each session The Secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the House of Representatives shall be required to give bond and security for the faithful discharge of their respective duties Section IX Paragraph I Members of the General Assembly shall each receive the sum of 60000 for each full term and a pro rata portion thereof if serving less than a full term of office as compensation for attending regular sessions of the General Assembly For attending extraordinary sessions of the General Assembly the members shall each receive 800 per diem They shall each receive mileage not to exceed ten Cents for each mile travelled by the nearest practicable route in going to and returning from the capital to be paid once for each regular or extraordinary session The President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall each receive 90000 for each full term of office and a pro rata portion thereof if serving less than a full term of office as compensation for attending regular sessions of the General Assembly and 1200 per diem for attending extraordinary sessions of the General Assembly they shall receive the same mileage as other members Ga Laws 1943 pp 30 31 ratified August 3rd 1943 Section X Paragraph I All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result Section XI Paragraph I All property of the wife at the time of her marriage and all property given to inherited or acquired by her shall remain her separate property and not be liable for the debts of her husband Section Xn Paragraph 1 All life insurance companies now doing business in this State or which may desire to establish agencies and do business in the State of Georgia chartered by other States of the Union or foreign States shall show that they have deposited with the Comptroller General of the State in which they are chartered or of this State the Insurance Commissioner or such other officer as may be authorized to receive it not less than one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by such officer equivalent to cash subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of policyholders Par II When such showing is made to the Comptroller General of the State of Georgia by a proper certificate from the State official having charge of the funds so deposited the Comptroller General of the State of Georgia is authorized to issue to the company making such showing a license to do business in the State upon paying the fees required by law Par III All life insurance companies chartered by the State of Georgia or which may hereafter be chartered by the State shall before doing business deposit with the Comptroller General of the State of Georgia or with some strong corporation which may be approved by said Comptroller General one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by him equivalent to cash to be subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of the policyholders of thecompany making such deposit all interest and dividends from such securities to be paid when due to the company so depositing Any such securities as may be needed or desired by the company may be taken from said department at any time by replacing them with other securities equally acceptable to the Comptroller General whose certificate for the same shall be furnished to the company Par IV The General Assembly shall from time to time enact laws to compel all fire insurance companies doing business in this State whether chartered by this State or otherwise to deposit reasonable securities with the Treasurer of this State to secure the people against loss by the operations of said companies Art 3 Sec 12 Par 5 Par V The General Assembly shall compel all insurance companies in this State or doing business therein under proper penalties to make semiannual reports to the Governor and print the same at their own expense for the information and protection of the people ARTICLE IV Power of the General Assembly Over Taxation Section I Paragraph I The right of taxation is a sovereign rightinalienable indestructibleis the life of the State and rightfully belongs to the people in all Republican governments and neither the General Assembly nor any nor all other departments of the Government established by this Constitution shall ever have the authority to irrevocably give grant limit or restrain this right and all laws grants contracts and all other acts whatsoever by said government or any department thereof to effect any of these purposes shall be and are hereby declared to be null and void for every purpose whatsoever and said right of taxation shall always be under the complete control of and revocable by the State notwithstanding any gift grant or contract whatsoever by the General Assembly Section II Paragraph I The power and authority of regulating railroad freights and passenger tariffs preventing unjust discriminations and requiring reasonable and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs are hereby conferred upon the General Assembly whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time to regulate freight and passenger tariffs to prohibit unjust discriminations on the various railroads of this State and to prohibit said roads from charging other than just and reasonable rates and enforce the same by adequate penalties Par IL The exercise of the right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the General Assembly from taking the property and franchises of incorporated companies and subjecting them to public use the same as property of individuals and the exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit corporations to conduct their business in such manner as to infringe the equal rights of individuals or the general well being of the state Par III The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation now existing nor alter or amend the same nor pass any other general or special law for the benefit of said corporation except upon the condition that such corporation shall thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution and every amendment of any charter of any corporation in this State or any special law for its benefit accepted thereby shall operate as a novation of said charter and shall bring the same under the provisions of this Constitution Provided That this section shall 241 Art 4 Sec 2 Par 3 not extend to any amendment for the purpose of allowing any existing road to take stock in or aid in the building of any branch road Par IV The General Assembly of this State shall have no power to authorize any corporation to buy shares or stock in any other corporation in this State or elsewhere or to make any contract or agreement whatever with any such corporation which may have the effect or be intended to have the effect to defeat or lessen competition or to encourage monopoly and all such contracts and agreements shall be illegal and void Par V No railroad company shall give or pay any rebate or bonusin the nature thereof directly or indirectly or do any act to mislead or deceive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freights or passage and any such payments shall be illegal and void and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties Par VI No provision of this article shall be deemed held or taken to impair the obligation of any contract heretofore made by the State of Georgia Par VII The General Assembly shall enforce the provisions of this article by appropriate legislation There shall be a Public Service Commission for the regulation of utilities vested with the jurisdiction powers and duties now provided by law or that may hereafter be prescribed by the General Assembly not inconsistent with other provisions of this Constitution Such Commission shall consist of five members who shall be elected by the people A chairman shall be elected by the members of the Commission from one of its members The first Commission under this amendment shall consist of the commissioners in office at he adoption of this constitutional amendment and they shall serve for the terms to which each was elected There after all succeeding terms of members shall be for six years The qualifications compensation filling of vacancies manner and time of election powGS if dutles members of the Commission including the chairman shall be such as are now or may hereafter be provided by the General Assembly Acts 1943 pp 37 38 ratified August 3 1943 ARTICLE V Executive Department Section I Paragraph I The officers of the Executive Department shall consist of a Governor Secretary of State Comptroller General and Treasurer i The executive power shall be vested in a Governor who shall hold his office during the term of four years and until his successor shall be chosen and qualified After qualifying for a fourvear term he shall not be eligible to be reelected for the next succeeding fouryear term or any part thereof He shall have a salary of seven 242 thousand five hundred dollars per annum until otherwise provided by a law passed by a twothirds vote of both branches of the General Assembly which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected nor shall he receive within that time any other emolument from the United States or either of them or from any foreign power The State officers required by this Constitution to be elected at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor shall also hold office for four years Provided however that the provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to the terms of office of the salary of any official elected at the general election of 1940 Amended by Acts 1941 p 86 ratified June 3 1941 Par III The first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be held on Tuesday after the first Monday in November of 1942 and the Governorelect shall be installed in office at the next session of the General Assembly An election shall take place quadriennially thereafter on said date until another date be fixed by the General Assembly Said election shall be held at the places of holding general elections in the several counties of this State in the manner prescribed for the election of members of the General Assembly and the electors shall be the same Amended by Acts 1941 p 86 ratified June 3 1941 Par IV The returns for every election of Governor shall be sealed up by the managers separately from other returns and directed to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives and transmitted to the Secretary of State who shall without opening said returns cause the same to be laid before the Senate on the day after the two houses shall have been organized and they shall be transmitted by the Senate to the House of Representatives Par V The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall convene in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives shall open and publish the returns in the presence and under the direction of the General Assembly and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Governor of this State but if no person shall have such majority then from the two persons having the highest number of votes who shall be in life and shall not decline an election at the time appointed for the General Assembly to elect the General Assembly shall immediately elect a Governor viva voce and in all cases of election of a Governor by the General Assembly a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice Par VI Contested elections shall be determined by both houses of the General Assembly in such manner as shall be prescribed by law Par VII No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor who shall not have been a citizen of the United States fifteen years and a citizen of the State six years and who shall not have attained the age of thirty years Par VIII In case of the death resignation or disability of the Governor the President of the Senate shall exercise the executive powers of the government until such disability be removed or a successor is elected and qualified And in case of the death resigna tion r disability of the President of the Senate the Speaker othe ouse of Representatives shall exercise the executive powers of the government until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor election and iQrPir fe The Geer1 Assembly shall have power to provide bv law for filling unexpired terms by special elections y IheGrernr sha11 before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation I do solemnly swear affl as the case may be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and wilf to the best abihty preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof and the Constitution of the United States of America Par XI The Governor shall be commanderinchief of the armv and navy of this State and of the militia thereof y Par XII The Governor shall have power to suspend the execu tion of a sentence of death after conviction for offenses alainttX ffdpd 38r ihe State Board f Pardons and Paroles hereinafter proXvfj a11 haIe an PPrtunity of hearing the application of the convicted person for any relief within the power of such Board or for any other purpose which may be deemed necessary by the Governor Upon conviction for treason the Governor may only suspend the excu tion of the sentence and report the case to the GeS AssemWv at the next meeting thereof when the General Assembly shall either nar don commute the sentence direct its execution or grant a furthS reprieve The Governor shall at each session of the General Assem bly communicate to that body each case of suspension of sentenS f the cct the offense fowhkh he was con victed the sentence and its date the date of the reprieve or sus nd the rasons for granting the same He shall take care SaVhe Kg faithfully executed and shall be a conLrvatoi of SPpfeithrUgh0Ut the State There shall be a State Board of Pardons and Paroles composed of three members who shall be appointed bv the Governor and confirmed by the Senate Appointments Sade at times when the Senate is not in session shall be effective ad interim The first members shall be appointed for terms of three five and seven years respectively to be designated by the Governor and all sub sequent appointments shall be for a period of seven yrTlx in case of an unexpired term The Governor shall not be a member of the State Board of Pardons and Paroles The member af tm penalties6 ramsvedihtiefTlposebyaayreit11 38 sentence ivr any offense against the State 3er rases of treson or impeachment and except in cases in which the Governor refuses to suspend a sentence of death Provided that such board shall act on all applications within 90 days from the fihng of same and m all cases a majority shall decide the acZi of 244 Art 5 Sec 1 Par 12 the Board Except if any member for any cause is unable to serve in any case involving capital punishment the Governor shall act as the third member of said Board and the action so taken in such instances shall be by unanimous vote The State Board of Pardons and Paroles shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body in full detail each case of pardon parole communication removal of disabilities or remission of sentences granted stating the name of the convict the offense for which he was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the pardon parole communication removal of disabilities or remission of sentence and the reason for granting the same and the State Board of Pardons and Paroles may make rules and regulations as may be authorized by law The first Board of Pardons and Paroles under this provision may be those in office under an Act of the General Assembly creating such a Board existing at the time of the adoption of this amendment which if so existing shall be in lieu of such a Board to be created by the General Assembly subsequent to the adoption of this amendment and which Board shall have all the rights privileges powers and duties the same as if it was so subsequently created and the terms of members of such Board shall date from the time specified in the existing Act of the General Assembly The General Assembly may enact laws in aid of but not inconsistent with this amendment Acts 1943 pp 43 46 ratified August 3 1943 Par XIII He shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate and House of Representatives and shall give the General Assembly from time to time information of the state of the Commonwealth and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expedient He shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions but no law shall be enacted at called sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them Provided however that when threefifths of the members elected to the House of Representatives and threefifths of the members elected to the Senate shall have certified to the Governor of the State of Georgia that in their opinion an emergency exists in the affairs of the State of Georgia it shall thereupon be the duty of said Governor and mandatory upon him within five days from the receipt of such certificate or certificates to convene said General Assembly in extraordinary session for all purposes and in the event said Governor shall within said time Sundays excluded fail or refuse to convene said General Assembly as aforesaid then and in that event said General Assembly may convene itself in extraordinary session as if convened in regular session for all purposes provided that such extraordinary selfconvened session shall be limited to a period of 30 days unless at the expiration of said period there shall be pending an impeachment trial of some officer of the State Government in which event the General Assembly shall be authorized to remain session until such trial shall have been completed The members of the General Assembly shall receive the same per diem and mileage during such extraordinary session as is now or may 245 Art 5 Sec 1 Par 13 be hereafter provided Acts 1937 pp 11141115 ratified June 81937 Par XIV When any office shall become vacant by death resignation or otherwise the Governor shall have power to fill such vacancy unless otherwise provided by law and persons so appointed shall continue in office until a successor is commissioned agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution or by law in pursuance thereof Par XV A person once rejected by the Senate shall not be reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter Par XVI The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each house may pass a law notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each house Par XVII Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each house Par XVIII He may require information in writing from the officers in the Executive Department on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices It shall be the duty of the Governor quarterly and oftener if he deems it expedient to examine under oath the Treasurer and Comptroller General of the State on all matters pertaining to their respective offices and to inspect and review their books and accounts The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of either of said officers from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same Par XIX The Governor shall have the power to appoint his own secretaries not exceeding two in number and to provide such other clerical force as may be required in his office but the total cost for salaries and clerical force in his office shall not exceed the sum of 10000 and this sum shall not be exceeded either directly or indirectly for any services rendered the Governor in the way of clerical assistance or in any other manner Acts 1918 p 93 ratified November 5 1918 Section II Paragraph I The Secretary of State Comptroller General and Treasurer shall be elected by the persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor The provisions of the Constitution as to the transmission of the returns of election counting the votes declaring the 246 Art 5 Sec 2 Par 1 result deciding when there is no election and when there is a contested election applicable to the election of Governor shall apply to the election of Secretary of State Comptroller General and Treasurer they shall be commissioned by the Governor and hold their offices for the same time as the Governor Par II The General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the duties authority and salaries of the Secretary of State Comptroller General and Treasurer and to provide help and expenses necessary for the operation of the department of each Acts 1927 pp 121 122 ratified Nov 6 1928 Par V The Treasurer shall not be allowed directly or indirectly to receive any fee interest or reward from any person bank or corporation for the deposit or use in any manner of the public funds and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties Par VI No person shall be eligible to the office of Secretary of State Comptroller General or Treasurer unless he shall have been a citizen of the United States for ten years and shall have resided in this state for six years next preceding his election and shall be twentyfive years of age when elected All of said officers slmll give bond and security under regulations to be prescribed by law for the faithful discharge of their duties Par VII The Secretary of State the Comptroller General and the Treasurer shall not be allowed any fee perquisite or compensation other than their salaries as prescribed by law except their necessary expenses when absent from the Seat of Government on business for the State Section III Paragraph I The great seal of the State shall be deposited in the office of the Secretary of State and shall not be affixed to any instrument of writing except by order of the Governor or General Assembly and that now in use shall be the great Seal of the State until otherwise provided by law Section IV Paragraph I There is hereby created a State Game and Fish Commission Said Commission shall consist of one member from each Congressional District in this State and one additional member from one of the following named counties to wit Chatham Bryan Liberty McIntosh Glynn or Camden The first members of the Commission shall consist of those in office at the time this Constitution is adopted with terms provided by law Thereafter all succeeding appointments shall be made by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate for a term of seven years from the expiration of the previous term All members of the Commission shall hold office until their successors are appointed and qualified Vacancies in office shall be filled by appointment of the Governor and submitted to the Senate for confirmation at the next session of the General Assembly after the making of the appointment 247 Art 5 Sec 4 Par 1 The Commission shall have such powers authority duties and shall receive such compensation and expenses as may be delegated or provided for by the General Assembly Acts 1943 pp 28 29 ratified August 3 1943 ARTICLE VI Judiciary Section I Paragraph I The judicial powers of this State shall be vested in a Supreme Court a Court of Appeals Superior Courts Courts of Ordinary Justices of the Peace Commissioned Notaries Public and such other Courts as have been or may be established by law Acts 1906 p 24 ratified Nov 6th 1906 Section II Paragraph I The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and five associate justices A majority of the court shall constitute a quorum Par II When one or more of the judges of the Supreme Court are disqualified from deciding any case by interest or otherwise the qualified Justices shall designate a judge or judges of the Superior Court to preside in said case Acts 1937 p 33 ratified June 8 1937 Par III No Judge of any Court shall preside in any case where the validity of any bond Federal State Corporation or Municipal is involved who holds in his own right or as the representative of others any material interest in the class of bonds upon which the question to be decided arises Par IV The Chief Justice and Associate Justices shall hold their offices for six years and until their successors are qualified A Successor to the incumbent whose term will soonest expire shall be elected by the General Assembly in eighteen hundred and eighty a successor to the incumbent whose term of office is next in duration shall be elected by the General Assembly in eighteen hundred and eightytwo and a successor to the third encumbent shall be elected by the General Assembly in eighteen hundred and eightyfour but appointments to fill vacancies shall only be for the unexpired term or until such vacancies are filled by elections agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution Par V The Supreme Court shall have no original jurisdiction but shall be a court alone for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and the city courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases that involve the construction of the Constitution of the State of Georgia or of the United States or of treaties between the United States and foreign governments in all cases in which the constitutionality of any law of the State of Georgia or of the United States is drawn in question and until otherwise 248 Art 6 Sec 2 Par 5 provided by law in all cases respecting title to land in all equity cases in all cases which involve the validity of or the construction of wills in all cases of conviction of a capital felony in all habeas corpus cases in all cases involving extraordinary remedies in all divorce and alimony cases and in all cases certified to it by the Court of Appeals for its determination It shall also be competent for the Supreme Court to require by certiorari or otherwise any case to be certified to the Supreme Court from the Court of Appeals for review and determination with the same power and authority as if the case had been carried by writ of error to the Supreme Court Any case carried to the Supreme Court or to the Court of Appeals which belongs to the class of which the other court has jurisdiction shall until otherwise provided by law be transferred to the other court under such rules as the Supreme Court may prescribe and the cases so transferred shall be heard and determined by the court which has jurisdiction thereof Acts 1906 p 24 ratified Nov 6th 1906 1916 p 19 ratified Nov 7th 1916 Par VI The Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals shall dispose of every case at the term at which it is entered on the courts docket for hearing as provided by Paragraph 9 of this Article and Section or at the next term If the plaintiff in error shall not be prepared to prosecute the case at the term at which it is so entered for hearing unless prevented by providential cause it shall be stricken from the docket and the judgment below shall stand affirmed No writ of error shall be dismissed because of delay in transmission of the bill of exceptions and the copy of the record or either of them resulting from the default of the clerk or other cause unless it shall appear that the plaintiff in error or his counsel caused such delay Nothing herein shall be construed to excuse the clerk for any omission of duty or to relieve him of any liability consequent thereof Acts 1943 p 23 ratified August 3rd 1943 Par VII In any case the Court may in its discretion withhold its judgment until the next term after the same is argued Par VIII The Supreme Court shall hereafter consist of a Chief Justice and five associate Justices The court shall have power to hear and determine cases when sitting either in a body or in two divisions of three judges each under such regulations as may be prescribed by the General Assembly A majority of either division shall constitute a quorum for that division The Chief Justice and the associate Justices of the Supreme Court shall hereafter be elected by the people at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor and the Statehouse officers are elected except that the first election under this amendment shall be held on the third Wednesday in December 1896 at which time one associate Justice shall be elected for a full term of six years to fill the vacancy occurring on January first 1897 by the expiration of the term of one of the present incumbents and three additional associate Justices shall be elected for terms expiring respectively January 1st 1899 January 1st 1901 and January 1st 1903 The persons elected as additional associate Justices shall among themselves determine by lot which of the three lastmentioned terms 249 Art 6 Sec 2 Par 8 each shall have and they shall be commissioned accordingly After said first election all terms except unexpired terms shall be for six years each In case of any vacancy which causes an unexpired term the same shall be filled by executive appointment and the person appointed by the Governor shall hold his office until the next regular election and until his successor for the balance of the unexpired term shall have been elected and qualified The returns of said special election shall be made to the Secretary of State Acts 1895 p 15 ratified Oct 7th 1896 Par IX The Court of Appeals shall consist of the Judges provided therefor by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment and of such additional Judges as the General Assembly shall from time to time prescribe All terms of the Judges of the Court of Appeals after the expiration of the terms of the Judges provided for by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment except unexpired terms shall continue six years and until their successors are qualified The times and manner of electing Judges and the mode of filling a vacancy which causes an unexpired term shall be the same as are or may be provided for by the laws relating to the election and appointment of Justices of the Supreme Court The Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and from the city courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases in which such jurisdiction has not been conferred by this Constitution upon the Supreme Court and in such other cases as may hereafter be prescribed by law except that where a case is pending in the Court of Appeals and the Court of Appeals desires instruction from the Supreme Court it may certify the same to the Supreme Court and thereupon a transcript of the record shall be transmitted to the Supreme Court which after having afforded to the parties an opportunity to be heard thereon shall instruct the Court of Appeals on the question so certified and the Court of Appeals shall be bound by the instructions so given But if by reason of equal division of opinion among the Justices of the Supreme Court no such instruction is given the Court of Appeals may decide the question The manner of certifying questions to the Supreme Court by the Court of Appeals and the subsequent proceedings in regard to the same in the Supreme Court shall be as the Supreme 3ourt shall by its rules prescribe until otherwise provided by law No affirmance of the judgment of the court below in cases pending in the Court of Appeals shall result from delay in disposing of questions or cases certified from the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court or as to which such certificate has been required by the Supreme Court as hereinbefore provided All writs of error in the Supreme Court or the Court of Appeals when received by its clerk during a term of the Court and before the docket of the term is by order of the Court closed shall be entered thereon and when received at any other time shall be entered on the docket of the next term and they shall stand for hearing at the term for which they are so entered under such rules as the Court may prescribe until otherwise provided by law The Court of Appeals shall appoint a clerk and a 250 Art 6 Sec 2 Par 9 sheriff of the Court The reporter of the Supreme Court shall be reporter of the Court of Appeals until otherwise provided by law The laws relating to the Supreme Court as to qualifications and salaries of Judges the designation of other Judges to preside when members of the Court are disqualified the powers duties salaries fees and terms of officers the mode of carrying cases to the Court the powers practice procedure times of sitting and costs of the Court the publication of reports of cases decided therein and in all other respects except as otherwise provided in this Constitution or by the laws as to the Court of Appeals at the time of the ratification of this amendment and until otherwise provided by law shall apply to the Court of Appeals so far as they can be made to apply The decisions of the Supreme Court shall bind the Court of Appeals as precedents Acts 1906 p 24 ratified Nov 6th 1906 1916 pp 19 20 ratified Nov 7th 1916 Section III Paragraph I There shall be a Judge of the Superior Courts for each Judicial circuit whose term of office shall be Tour years and until his successor is qualified He may act in other circuits when authorized by law The legislature shall have authority to add one or more additional judges of the superior court for any judicial circuit in this State and shall have authority to regulate the manner in which the judges of such circuits shall dispose of the business thereof and shall fix the time at which the term or terms of office of such additional judge or judges shall begin and the manner of his appointment or election and shall have authority from time to time to add to the number of such judges in any judicial circuit or to reduce the number of judges in any judicial circuit Provided that at all times there shall be at least one judge in every judicial circuit of this State Acts 1905 p 66 ratified Oct 3d 1906 Par II The succossors to the present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly of the whole State at the general election held for such members next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years Acts 1897 p 16 ratified Oct 5th 1898 Par III The terms of the judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their elections Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointments of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the Expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected Acts 1897 p 16 ratified Oct 5th 1898 Art 6 Sec 4 Par 1 Section IV Paragraph I The Superior Courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction in cases of divorce in criminal cases where the offender is subjected to loss of life or confinement in the penitentiary in cases respecting titles to land and equity cases Par II The General Assembly may confer upon the Courts of common law all the powers heretofore exercised by Courts of equity in this State Par III Said Courts shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases except as hereinafter provided Par IV They shall have appellate jurisdiction in all such cases as may be provided by law Par V They shall have power to correct errors in inferior judicatories by writ of certiorari which shall only issue on the sanction of the Judge and said Courts and the judges thereof shall have power to issue writs of mandamus prohibition scire facias and all other writs that may be necessary for carrying their powers fully into effect and shall have such other powers as are or may be conferred on them by law Par VI The General Assembly may provide for an appeal from one jury in the Superior and City Courts to another and the said Courts may grant new trials on legal grounds Par VII The Court shall render judgment without the verdict of a jury in all civil cases founded on unconditional contracts in writing where an issuable defense is not filed under oath or affirmation Par VIII The Superior courts shall sit in each county not less than twice in each year at such times as have been or may be appointed by law The judges of said courts may on reasonable notice to the parties at any time in vacation at chambers hear and determine by interlocutory or final judgment any matter or issue where a jury verdict is not required or may be waived Acts 1939 p 78 ratified June 6 1939 Par IX The General Assembly may provide by law for the appointment of some proper person to preside in cases where the presiding judge is from any cause disqualified Section V Paragraph I In any county within which there is or hereafter may be a city Court the judge of said Court and of the Superior Court may preside in the Courts of each other in cases where the judge of either Court is disqualified to preside Section VI Paragraph 1 The powers of a Court of Ordinary and of Probate shall be vested in an Ordinary for each county from whose decision 252 Art 6 Sec 6 Par 1 there may be an appeal or by consent of parties without a decision to the Superior Court under regulations prescribed by law Par II The Courts of Ordinary shall have such powers in relation to roads bridges ferries public buildings paupers county officers county funds county taxes and other County matters as may be conferred on them by law The court of ordinary shall have jurisdiction to issue warrants try cases and impose sentence thereon in all misdemeanor cases arising under the Act known as the Georgia State Highway Patrol Act of 1937 and other traffic laws of the State in all counties of this State in which there is no city or county court provided the defendant waives a jury trial Like jurisdiction is also conferred upon the judges of the police courts of incorporated cities and municipal court judges for offenses arising within their respective jurisdiction Acts 1937 p 1117 ratified June 8 1937 Par III The Ordinary shall hold hisoffice for the term of four years and until his successor is elected and qualified Section VII Paragraph I There shall be in each militia district one justice of the peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be four years Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and of notary public exofficio justice of the peace in any city of this State having a population of over twenty thousand and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subjectmatter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or subjectmatter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together with such provision as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the superior court or Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph I of Section IX of Article VI of the Constitution of Georgia Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and notary public exofficio justice of the peace in any county in this State having within its borders a city having a population of over twenty thousand and as well in the County of Glynn and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary or conferring upon existing courts by extension of their jurisdiction the jurisdiction as to subjectmatter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and 253 Art 6 Sec 7 Par 1 notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such addifional jurisdiction either as to amount or to subjectmatter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together also with such provisions as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the superior court or the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize The municipal court of Atlanta shall have jurisdiction in Fulton county and outside the city limits of Atlanta either concurrently with or supplemental to or in lieu of justice courts as may be now or hereafter provided by law Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section IX of Article VI of the Constitution of Georgia 23701 Acts 1912 p 30 ratified Oct 2 1912 1914 p 39 ratified Nov 3 1914 1927 pp 117 119 ratified Nov 6 1928 1931 p 1051 ratified Nov 8 1932 1943 p 33 ratified Aug 3 1943 Par p Justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction in all Civil Cases arising ex contractu and in cases of injury or damage to personal property when the principal sum does not exceed two hundred dollars and shall sit monthly at fixed times and places but in all cases there may be an appeal to a jury in said court or an appeal to the superior court under such regulation as may be prescribed by law Amended by Acts 1941 p 119 ratified June 3 1941 Par III Justices of the Peace shall be elected by the legal voters in their respective districts and shall be Commissioned by the Governor They shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office Section VIII Paragraph I Commissioned Notaries Public not to exceed one for each militia district may be appointed by the Judges of Superior Courts in their respective circuits upon recommendation of the grand juries of the several Counties They shall be commissioned by the Governor for the term of four years and shall be exofficio Justices of the Peace and shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office Section IX Paragraph I The jurisdiction powers proceedings and practice of all Courts or officers invested with judicial powers except City Courts of the same grade or class so far as regulated by law and the forceand effect of the process judgment and decree by such Courts severally shall be uniform This uniformity must be established by the General Assembly Section X Paragraph I There shall be an Attorney General of this State who shall be elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor 254 Art 6 Sec 10 Par 2 ParIt shall be the duty of the Attorney General to act as the legal adviser of the Executive Department to represent the State in the Supreme Court in all Capital felonies and in all Civil and Criminal Cases in any Court when required by the Governor and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law Section XI Z Paragraph I There shall be a solicitor general for each judicial circuit whose official term except to fill a vacancy shall be four years The successors of present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the whole State qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other cause shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of 30 days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years Acts 1897 p 16 ratified Oct 5th 1898 Par II It shall be the duty of the Solicitor General to represent the State in all cases in the Superior Courts of his Circuit and in all cases taken up from his Circuit to the Supreme Court and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law Section XII Paragraph I Judges elected by General Assembly vacancies Section XIII Paragraph I The Justices of the Supreme Court each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 7000 per annum the Judges of the Court of Appeals each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 7000 per annum the judges of the superior courts each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 5000 per annum the Attorney General shall have a salary not to exceed 2000 per annum and the solicitors general each shall have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the Attorney General shall not have any fee or perquisite in any case arising after the adoption of this Constitution Acts 1910 p 42 ratified Oct 5 1910 1913 p 30 ratified Nov 3 1914 1916 p 22 ratified Nov 7 1916 1917 p 36 ratified Nov 5 1918 1918 p 94 ratified Nov 5 1918 1920 p 20 ratified Nov 2 1920 1922 pp 24 26 ratified Nov 7 1922 1925 p 70 ratified Nov 2 1926 1927 p Ill ratified Nov 6 1928 Par II The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but ho such change shall affect the offi 255 Art 6 Sec 13 Par 2 cers then in commission Provided however that the General Assembly shall have power at any time by a majority vote of each branch to abolish the fees at present accruing to the office of solicitor general in any particular judicial circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe a salary for such office in addition to the salary prescribed in paragraph I of this Section and without regard to the uniformity of such salaries in the various circuits and shall have the further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of solicitor general in any such judicial circuit where the fees are abolished Acts 1916 p 24 ratified Nov 7th 1916 Section XIV Paragraph I No person shall be Judge of the Supreme or Superior Courts or Attorney General unless at the time of his election he shall have attained the age of thirty years and shall have been a citizen of the State three years and have practiced law for seven years and no person shall be hereafter elected Solicitor General unless at the time of his election he shall have attained twentyfive years of age shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and shall have practiced law for three years next preceding his election Section XV Paragraph I No total divorce shall be granted except on the concurrent verdicts of two Juries at different terms of the Court Par II When a divorce is granted the Jury rendering the final verdict shall determine the rights and disabilities of the parties Section XVI Paragraph I Divorce cases shall be brought in the county where the defendant resides if a resident of this State if the defendant be not a resident of this State then in the county in which theplantiff resides provided that any person who has been a resident of any United States Army Post or Military Reservation within the State of Georgia for one year next preceding the filing of the petition may bring an action for divorce in any county adjacent to said United States Army Post or Military Reservation Acts 1943 p 68 ratified August 3rd 1943 Par II Cases respecting title to land shall be tried in the county where the land lies except where a single tract is divided by a county line in which case the Superior Court of either county shall have jurisdiction Par III Equity cases shall be tried in the county where a defendant resides against whom substantial relief is prayed Par IV Suits against Joint obligors Joint promissors copartners or joint treaspassers residing in different counties may be tried in either county Art 6 Sec 16 Par 5 Par V Suits against the maker and endorser of promissory notes or drawer acceptor and endorser of foreign or inland bills of exchange or like instruments residing in different counties shall be brought in the county where the maker or acceptor resides Par VI All other civil cases shall be tried in the county where the defendant resides and all criminal cases shall be tried in the county where the crime was committed except cases in the Superior Courts where the Judge is satisfied that an impartial jury cannot be obtained in such county Section XVII Paragraph I The power to change the venue in civil and criminal cases shall be vested in the Superior Courts to be exercised in such manner as has been or shall be provided by law Section XVIII Paragraph I The right of trial by jury except where it is otherwise provided in this Constitution shall remain inviolate but the General Assembly may prescribe any number not less than five to constitute a trial or traverse jury except in the Superior and City Courts Par II The General Assembly shall provide by law for the selection of the most experienced intelligent and upright men to serve as grand jurors and intelligent and upright men to serve as traverse jurors Nevertheless the grand jurors shall be competent to serve as traverse jurors Par III It shall be the duty of the General Assembly by general laws to prescribe the manner of fixing compensation of jurors in all counties in this State Section XIX Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have power to provide for the creation of county commissioners in such counties as may require them and to define their duties Section XX Paragraph I All courts not specially mentioned by name in the first section of this article may be abolished in any county at the discretion of the General Assembly Section XXI Paragraph I The costs in the Supreme Court shall not exceed ten dollars until otherwise provided by law Plaintiffs in error shall not be required to pay costs in said Court when the usual pauper oath is filed in the Court below Art 7 Sec 1 Par 1 ARTICLE VII Finance Taxation and Public Debt Section I Paragraph I The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only For the support of the State Government and the public institutions For educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only To pay the interest on the public debt To pay the principal of the public debt To suppress insurrection to repel invasion and defend the State in time of war To supply the soldiers who lost a limb or limbs in the military service of the Confederate States with substantial artificial limbs during life and make suitable provisions for such Confederate soldiers as may have been otherwise disabled or permanently injured in such service or who may by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty be unable to provide a living for themselves and for the widows of such Confederate soldiers as may have died in the service of the Confederate States or since from wounds received therein or disease contracted in the service or who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselves Provided that the Act shall only apply to such widows as were married at the time of such service and have remained unmarried since the death of such soldier husband To make provisions for the payment of pensions to any exConfederate soldier residing in this State January 1 1920 who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States during the Civil War between the States of the United States and who performed actual military service in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State and was honorably discharged therefrom and to widows now residents of this State of exConfederate soldiers who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States and who performed actual service in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State who died in said military service or were honorably discharged therefrom who were married prior to January 1 1920 No widow of a soldier killed during the war shall be deprived of her pension by reason of having subsequently married another veteran who is dead unless she is receiving pension on account of being the widow of such second husband Any soldier doing service in the Confederate army whether he belonged to the Confederate army or whether he belonged to the militia of any Confederate State and served with the Confederate army shall be eligible to draw a pension 258 Art 7 Sec 1 Par 1 To construct and maintain a system of State Highways To authorize the levy of taxes for and to make provision for the payment of oldage assistance to aged persons in need and for the payment of assistance to the needy blind and to dependent children and other welfare benefits provided that no person shall be entitled to the assistance herein authorized who does not qualify for such provisions in every respect in accordance with enactments of the General Assembly which may be in force and effect prescribing the qualifications for beneficiaries hereunder Provided no indebtedness against the State shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under Acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder To advertise and promote the agricultural industrial historic recreational and natural resources facilities and assets of the State of Georgia through any office or agency which may be created or designated by the General Assembly to carry out said purposes Acts 18845 p 37 ratified Oct 6 1886 18889 p 39 ratified Oct 1 1890 1893 p 19 ratified Oct 3 1894 1899 p 19 ratified Oct 9 1900 1908 p 34 jratified Oct 7 1908 1918 p 96 ratified Nov 5 1918 1918 p 98 ratified Nov 5 1918 1920 p 23 ratified Nov 2 1920 1926 Extra Sess p 33 ratified Nov 2 1926 1937 p 1118 ratified June 8 1937 1937 p 1126 ratified June 8 1937 1941 p 16 ratified June 3 1941 To authorize the levy of taxes for and to make provision for the payment of benefits and other cost under a teachers retirement system of Georgia provided that no person shall be entitled to the benefits herein authorized who does not qualify for such provisions in every respect in accordance with enactments of the General Assembly which may be in force and effect prescribing the qualifications for beneficiaries hereunder provided no indebtedness against the State shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under Acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder Acts 1943 p 62 ratified Aug 3 1943 Par II The levy of taxes on property for any one year by the General Assembly for all purposes except to provide for repelling invasion suppressing insurrection or defending the State in time of war shall not exceed five mills on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in the State Acts 1903 p 21 ratified Oct 5th 1904 Section II Paragraph I All taxes shall be levied and collected under general laws and for public purposes only All taxation shall be uniform upon the same class of subjects within the territorial limits of the authority levying the tax Classes of subjects for taxation of property shall consist of tangible property and one or more classes of intangible personal property including money The General Assembly shall have the power to classify property including money for taxation and to 259 Art 7 Sec 2 Par 1 adopt different rates and different methods for different classes of such property Acts 1937 p 39 ratified June 8 1937 Par II The General Assembly may by law exempt from taxation all public property places of religious worship or burial all institutions of purely public charity all buildings erected for and used as a college incorporated academy or other seminary of learning and also all funds or property held or used as endowment by such colleges incorporated acadmies or seminaries of learning provided the same is not invested in real estate and provided further that said exemption shall only apply to such colleges incorporated academies or other seminaries of learning as are open to the general public provided further that all endowments to institutions established for white people shall be limited to white people and all endowments to institutions established for colored people shall be limited to colored people the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other such literary association used by or connected with such library all books and philosophical apparatus and all paintings and statuary of any company or association kept in a public hall and not held as merchandise or for purposes of sale or gain provided the property so exempted be not used for purposes of private or corporate profit and income The General Assembly shall further have power to exempt from taxation farm products including baled cotton grown in this State and remaining in the hands of the producer but no longer than for the year next after their production There is hereby exempted of owners beginning January 1 1938 from all ad valorem taxation State county municipal and school district all clothing household and kitchen furniture and all other personal property except as hereafter excepted not to exceed 300 in actual value Provided the person or persons herein entitled to exemption shall register such exemption of personalty giving a full description thereof upon such forms terms and manner as shall be prescribed by the General Assembly of Georgia Provided further that the value of the property in excess of said exempted personal property shall be subject to taxation as now or hereafter provided by law The words personal property or personalty wherever used in this bill shall be defined as personal property used and included solely within the home domestic animals tools and implements of trade of manual laborers This exemption shall not include motor vehicles There is hereby exempted from all taxation State county municipal school district and political or territorial subdivision of the State having the authority to levy taxes all cooperative nonprofit membership corporations organized under the laws of this State for the purpose of engaging in rural electrification as defined in subsection 1 of Section 3 of the Act approved March 30 1937 Section 34A103 providing for their incorporation and all of the real and personal property owned or held by such corporations for such purposes The exemption herein provided for shall expire twenty years from January 1 1942 There shall be exempt from all ad valorem intangibles taxes in this 260 State the common voting stock of a subsidiary corporation not doing business in this state if at least ninety per cent of such common voting stock is owned by a Georgia corporation with its principal place of business located in this State and was acquired or is held for the purpose of enabling the parent company to carry on some part of its established line of business through such subsidiary Acts 1912 p 36 ratified Nov 5 1912 1917 p 39 ratified Nov 5 1918 1937 p 38 ratified June 8 1937 Acts 1941 p 84 ratified June 3 1941 Acts 1943p 60 ratified August 3 1943 Par Ila Any person natural or artificial a resident of this State who may after January 1st 1924 build equip establish or enlarge a plant for tie manufacture or processing or cotton wool linen silk rubber clay wood metal metallic or nonmetallic mineral or combination of same creamery or cheese plant or for the production or development of electricity may as to such building enlargement or equipment be exempt from all county incorporated town or city ad valorem taxes for a period of time not exceeding five years from the date of the beginning of the building enlargement or equipment of such plants The legislature is herewith empowered to make provisions for the operation of this paragraph by appropriate legislation provided such exemptions shall be approved by a majority of the electors voting in such county incorporated town or city proposing said exemption Acts 1923 Extra Sess p 67 ratified Nov 4 1924 Par III No poll tax shall be levied except for educational purposes and such tax shall not exceed one dollar annually upon each poll Par IV All laws exempting property from taxation other than the property herein enumerated shall be void Par V The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall not be surrendered or suspended by any contract or grant to which the State shall be a party Par VI All persons or classes of persons who were by laws of force January 1st 1911 required to make returns for taxation to the Comptroller General and all who may hereafter be so required shall on or before the first day of March of each year make such returns as of date of January 1st of that year and shall pay the taxes arising on such returns in favor of the State on or before the first of September of the same year anything heretofore contained in the Constitution or laws of Georgia to the contrary notwithstanding The laws of force on said date governing such returns and payments and the collection and enforcement thereof shall remain in force as applicable to the returns and payments herein required until the same shall be changed by law The General Assembly shall have power to make or alter all laws that may be necessary or proper for enforcing the provisions of this paragraph Acts 1911 p 51 ratified Oct 2 1912 Par VII Beginning January 1 1938 there shall be exempted from all ad valorem taxation for State county and school purposes the homestead of each resident of this State actually occupied by the Art 7 Sec 2 Par 7 owner as a residence and homestead to the value of 2000 and only so long as actually occupied by the owner primarily as such with the exception of taxation to pay interest on and retire bonded indebtedness Such value to be determined in such manner and according to such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by law The General Assembly may from time to time as the condition of fiscal affairs of the State counties or schools may warrant lower said exemption to not less than 1250 Acts 1937 p 1122 ratified June 8 1937 Section III Paragraph I No debt shall be contracted by or on behalf of the State except to supply such temporary deficit as may exist in the treasury in any year from necessary delay in collecting the taxes of that year to repel invasion suppress insurrection and defend the State in time of war or to pay the existing public debt but the debt created to supply deficiencies in revenue shall not exceed in the aggregate five hundred thousand dollars and any loan made for this purpose shall be repaid out of the taxes levied for the year in which the loan is made However said debt may be increased in the sum of three million five hundred thousand dollars for the payment of the publicschool teachers of the State only The principal amount borrowed for payment of teachers to be repaid each year out of the common school appropriation and the interest paid thereon to be paid each year out of the general funds of the state Acts 1911 p 49 ratified Oct 2 1912 1926 Extra Sess p 31 ratified Nov 2 1926 Section IV Paragraph I All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by or on behalf of the State shall specify the purpose for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purpose specified and for no other Section V Paragraph I The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual company corporation or association and the State shall not become a joint owner or stockholder in any company association or corporation Section VI Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not authorize any county municipal corporation or political division of this State to become a stockholder in any company corporation or association or to appropriate money for or to loan its credit to any corporation company association institution or individual except for purely charitable purposes This restriction shall not operate to prevent the support of schools by municipal corporations within their respective limits provided that if any municipal corporation shall offer to the State any property for locating or building a capital and the State accepts such offer the corporation may comply with such offer Art 7 Sec 6 Par 2 Par II The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose except for educational purposes to build and repair the public buildings and bridges to maintain and support prisoners to pay sheriffs and coroners and for litigation quarantine roads and expenses of courts to support paupers and pay debts heretofore existing to pay the county police and to provide for necessary sanitation and for the collection and preservation of records of birth death diseases and health and to pay county agricultural and home demonstration agents to provide for fire protection of forest lands and for the further conservation of natural resources to provide for payment of old age assistance to aged persons in need and for the payment of assistance to the needy blind and to dependent children and other welfare benefits provided that no person shall be entitled to the assistance herein authorized who does not qualify for such assistance in every respect in accordance with enactments of the General Assembly which may be in force and effect prescribing the qualifications for beneficiaries hereunder Acts 1908 p 33 ratified Oct 71908 1910 p 45 ratified Oct 51910 1926 Extra Sess p 30 ratified Nov 2 1926 1937 pp 1124 1128 ratified June 8 1937 193738 Ex Sess pp 28 29 ratified Nov 8 1938 Par III a Any city town municipality or county of this State may contract for any period not exceeding thirty years with each other or with any public agency public corporation or authority now or hereafter created for the use by such subdivisions or the residents thereof of any facilities or services of any such city town municipality county public agency public corporation or authority provided such contracts shall deal with such activities and transactions as such subdivisions are by law authorized to undertake b Any city town municipality or county of this State is empowered in connection with any contracts authorized by the preceding paragraph to convey to any public agency public corporation or authority now or hereafter created existing facilities operated by such city town municipality or county for the benefit of residents of such subdivisions provided the land buildings and equipment so conveyed shall not be mortgaged or pledged to secure obligations of any such public agency public corporation or authority and provided such facilities are to be maintained and operated by such public agency public corporation or authority for the same purposes for which such facilities were operated by such city town municipality or county Nothing in this section shall restrict the pledging of revenues of such facilities by any public agency public corporation or authority c Any city town municipality or county of this State or any combination of the same may contract with any public agency public corporation or authority for the care maintenance and hospitalization of its indigent sick and may as a part of such contract obligate itself to pay for the cost of acquisition construction modernization or repairs of necessary buildings and facilities by such public agency public corporation or authority and provide for the payment of such services and the cost to such public agency public corporation or au 263 Art 7 Sec 6 Par 3c thority of acquisition construction modernization or repair of buildings and facilities from revenues realized by such city town municipality or county from any taxes authorized by the Constitution of this State or revenues derived from any other sources Acts 1941 p 50 ratified June 3 1941 Section VII Paragraph I The debt hereafter incurred by any county municipal corporation or political division of this State except as in this Constitution provided for shall never exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein and no such county municipality or division shall incur any new debt except for a temporary loan or loans to supply casual deficiencies of revenue not to exceed onefifth of one per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property therein without the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters thereof voting at an election for that purpose to be held as prescribed by law Provided said twothirds so voting shall be a majority of the registered voters and provided further that all laws charter provisions and ordinances heretofore passed or enacted providing special registration of the voters of counties municipal corporations and other political divisions of this State to pass upon the issuance of bonds by such counties municipal corporations and other political divisions are hereby declared to be null and void and the General Assembly shall hereafter have no power to pass or enact any law providing for such special registration but the validity of any and all bond issues by such counties municipal corporations or other political divisions made prior to January 1st 1918 shall not be affected hereby But any city the debt of which does not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property at the time of the adoption of this Constitution may be authorized by law to increase at any time the amount of said debt three per centum upon such assessed valuation Acts 1918 pp 99 199 ratified Nov 5 1918 Provided further that revenue anticipation obligations may be issued by any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of this State to provide funds for the construction in whole or in part of any revenueproducing facility which such county municipal corporation or political subdivision is authorized by the Act of the General Assembly approved March 31 1937 known as the Revenue Certificate Laws of 1937 as amended by the Act approved March 14 1939 to construct and operate or to provide funds to extend repair or improve any such existing facility Such revenue anticipation obligations shall be payable as to principal and interest only from revenue produced by revenueproducing facilities of the issuing political subdivision and shall not be deemed debts of or to create debts against the issuing political subdivision within the meaning of this paragraph or any other of this Constitution This proviso shall apply only to revenue anticipation obligations issued to provide funds for the construction extension repair or improvement of such facilities and undertakings as are specifically authorized and enumerated by said Act of 1937 as amended by said Act of 1939 and no such issuing political subdivision of the State shall exercise the power of taxation 264 Art 7 Sec 7 Par 1 for the purpose of paying the principal or interest of any such revenue anticipation obligations or any part thereof Acts 1943 pp 47 48 ratified August 3 1943 Par II Any county municipal corporation or political division of this State which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this Constitution shall at or before the time of so doing provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebtedness Section VIII Paragraph I The State shall not assume the debt nor any part thereof of any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of the State unless such debt be contracted to enable the State to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of war Provided however that all indebtedness of the several counties of this State as well as that of the Coastal Highway District and the assessments made against the counties of said district heretofore incurred for the construction andor paving of the public roads or highways including bridges of the State as contemplated and defined by article six section one of the Act approved August 18 1919 as said section appears on page 252 of the Georgia Laws of 1919 which were a part of the State aid roads of the highway system of Georgia and said work was done under the supervision of the Highway Department is hereby assumed by the State of Georgia as an indebtedness of the State The word indebtedness as used herein shall include the actual cost of the construction andor paving by any county of the State as well as any highway district created by law of any public road or highway also bridges expended under the supervision of the State Highway Department And provided further that the indebtedness of the aforesaid political subdivisions of this State shall be evidenced by certificates of indebtedness issued or to be issued by the State Highway Department of Georgia for the cost of the construction andor paving by any county of the State as well as any highway district created by law of any public road or highway also bridges and provided further that such construction andor paving was done or contract or agreement made for same to be done prior to September 1 1931 And provided further that said indebtedness as evidenced by said certificates of indebtedness of the Highway Department shall be paid without interest thereon solely out of the revenues andor taxes levied assessed and allocated to the State Highway Department of Georgia or to any department which by law may be the successor of the Highway Department for the public roads and highways of the State aid system of roads and highways and such payment to be made at the rate of not less than ten per cent per annuna of the total of such outstanding indebtedness and such payment to begin March 25 1936 and to continue annually thereafter until all of such outstanding indebtedness shall have been paid The General Assembly of the State of Georgia is hereby vested with authority to enact laws for the purpose of effectually carrying out the foregoing provisions and the provisions of existing laws with reference to the preferential construction 265 Art 7 Sec 8 Par 1 by the Highway Department of highways from county site to county site Acts 1931 p 97 ratified Nov 8 1932 Section IX Paragraph I The receiving directly or indirectly by any officer of State or county or member or officer of the General Assembly of any interest profits or perquisites arising from the use or loan of public funds in his hands or moneys to be raised through his agency for State or county purposes shall be deemed a felony and punishable as may be prescribed by law a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office Section X Paragraph I Municipal corporations shall not incur any debt until provision therefor shall have been made by the municipal Government Section XI Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money either directly or indirectly to pay the whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds or other obligations which have been pronounced illegal null and void by the General Assembly and the Constitutional amendments ratified by a vote of the people on the first day of May 1877 nor shall the General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created by the State under laws passed during the late war between the States nor any of the bonds notes or obligations made and entered into during the existence of said war the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the United States and the Confederate States nor shall the General Assembly pass any law or the Governor or other State official enter into any contract or agreement whereby the State shall be made a party to any suit in any court of this State or of the United States instituted to test the validity of any such bonds or obligation Section XII Paragraph I The bonded debt of the State shall never be increased except to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend the State in time of war Section XIII Paragraph I The proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Macon and Brunswick or other railroads held by the State and any other property owned by the State whenever the General Assembly may authorize the sale of the whole or any part thereof shall be applied to the payment of the bonded debt of the State andshall not be used for any other purpose whatever so long as the State has anv existing bonded debt provided that the proceeds of the sale of the 266 Art 7 Sec 13 Par 1 Western and Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which said railroad has been mortgaged in preference to all other bonds Section XIV Paragraph I The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each year in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses and interest on the public debt the sum of one hundred thousand dollars which shall be held as a sinking fund to pay off and retire the bonds of the State which have not yet matured and shall be applied to no other purpose whatever If the bonds cannot at any time be purchased at or below par then the sinking fund herein provided for may be loaned by the Governor and Treasurer of the State provided the security which shall be demanded for said loan shall consist only of the valid bonds of the State but this section shall not take effect until the eight per cent currency bonds issued under the Act of February the 19th 1873 shall have been paid Section XV Paragraph I The Comptroller General and Treasurer shall each make to the Governor a quarterly report of the financial condition of the State which report shall include a statement of the assets liabilities and income of the State and expenditures therefor for the three months preceding and it shall be the duty of the Governor to carefully examine the same by himself or through competent persons connected with his department and cause an abstract thereof to be published for the information of the people which abstract shall be endorsed by him as having been examined Section XVI Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not by vote resolution or order grant any donation or gratuity in favor of any person corporation or association Par II The General Assembly shall not grant or authorize extra compensation to any public officer agent or contractor after the service has been rendered or the contract entered into Section XVII Paragraph I The office of the State Printer shall cease with the expiration of the term of the present incumbent and the General Assembly shall provide by law for letting the public printing to the lowest responsible bidder or bidders who shall give adequate and satisfactory security for the faithful performance thereof No member of the General Assembly or other public officer shall be interested either directly or indirectly in any such contract Section XVIII Paragraph I The powers of taxation may be exercised by the Art 7 Sec 18 Par 1 State through the General Assembly and by counties and municipalities for the purpose of paying pensions and other benefits and costs under a teacher retirement system or systems provided no indebtedness against the State shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder Acts 1943 p 64 ratified August 3 1943 ARTICLE VIII Education Section I Paragraph I There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of children as nearly uniform as practicable the expenses of which shall be provided for by taxation or otherwise The schools shall be free to all children of the State but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races Acts 1911 n 46 ratified Oct 2 1912 Section II Paragraph I There shall be a State School Superintendent elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor who shall hold his office until his successor is elected and qualified His office shall be at the seat of government and he shall be paid a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum The General Assembly may substitute for the State School Superintendent such officer or officers as may be deemed necessary to perfect the system of public education Acts 1941 p 165 ratified June 3 1941 Paragraph II There shall be a State Board of Education composed of one member from each Congressional District in the State who shall be appointed by the Governor by and with the advice and consent of the Senate The Governor shall not be a member of the State Board of Education The first State Board of Education under this provision shall consist of those in office at the time this constitutional amendment is adopted with the terms provided by law Thereafter all succeeding appointments shall be for seven years terms from the expiration of the previous term Vacancies upon said Board caused by expiration of terms of office shall be similarly filled by appointment and confirmation In case of a vacancy on said Board by death resignation of a member or from any other cause other than the expiration of such members term of office the Board shall by secret ballot elect his successor who shall hold office until the end of the next session of the General Assembly or if the General Assembly be then in session to the end of that session During such session of the General Assembly the Governor shall appoint the successor member of the Board for the unexpired term and shall submit his name to the Senate for confirmation All members of the Board shall hold office until their successors are appointed and qualify The members of the State Board of Education shall be citizens of this State 268 Art 8 Sec 2 Par 2 who shall have resided in Georgia continuously for at least five years preceding their appointment No person employed in a professional capacity by a private or public educational institution or by the State Department of Education shall be eligible for appointment or to serve on said Board No person who is or has been connected with or employed by a schoolbook publishing concern shall he eligible to membership on the Board and if any person shall be so connected or employed after becoming a member of the Board his place shall immediately become vacant The said State Board of Education shall have such powers and duties as provided by law existing at the time of the adoption of this amendment together with such further power and duties as may be hereafter provided by law Acts 1943 pp 5557 ratified August 3 1943 Section III Paragraph I The poll tax any educational fund now belonging to the State except the endowment of and debts due to the University of Georgia a special tax on shows and exhibitions and on the sale of spirituous and malt liquors which the General Assembly is hereby authorized to assess and the proceeds of any commutation tax for military service and all taxes that may be assessed on such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive to other property are hereby set apart and devoted for the support of common schools Section IV Paragraph I Authority is granted to the counties and municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation The proper county authorities whose duty it is to levy taxes for county purposes in this State shall on the recommendation of the board of education assess and collect taxes for the support of public schools under its control not less than one nor more than five mills on the dollar of all taxable property of the county outside of independent local systems which shall be distributed equitably according to the school population tax values the number of teachers and their grade of license among the public schools therein An additional levy to that already allowed not to exceed five mills shall be permissible in independent local systems municipalities or school districts on a two thirds vote of those voting No additional election shall be required to maintain any local school tax now in existence in districts counties or municipalities provided this paragraph shall not apply to counties having a local school system of taxation adopted prior to the Constitution of 1877 Provided also that authority is hereby given to two or more local school districts any one or more of which may have incurred a bonded indebtedness to consolidate upon the condition that such bonded indebtedness outstanding shall be asumed by the entire district as consolidated provided however before such consolidation shall become effective the same shall be approved by the vote of twothirds of the qualified voters of each district affected at separate elections held for that purpose on the recommendations of the respec Art 8 SeCi 4 Par 1 tive boards of trustees under the same terms and conditions as to advertisement as bond election by school districts the tickets for said elections to have written or printed thereon For Consolidation with Bonded District or Against Consolidation with Bonded District and in the event said elections result in favor of said consolidation the result shall be so declared by the boards of trustees of said districts and thereafter the indebtedness outstanding against any oneor more of said districts shall be a valid outstanding indebtedness of the dis trict as consolidated and taxes for the payment of said indebtedness shall be levied accordingly Provided however county boards of education independent school systems and local school districts may contract with each other for the education transportation and care of children of school age Acts 1903 p 23 ratified Oct 5 1904 Acts 1919 p 66 ratified Nov 2 1920 Acts 1931 pp 103 105 ratified Nov 8 1932 Provided further that where one of such local school districts voting on consolidation shall have outstanding any bonds and another school district voting thereon has no outstanding bonds a majority only of those voting in such district having such bonds shall be sufficient to carry such election in that particular district while twothirds of the qualified voters shall be required as to the district having no such outstanding bonds and upon such consolidation the consolidated district shall possess and retain any and all taxing powers that may have existed in either of such districts but the levying of such tax shall apply to all property in any consolidated districts without any additional election therefor Acts 1943 pp 1617 ratified August 3 1943 Section V Paragraph I Existing local schoolsystems shall not be affected by this constitution Nothing contained in section first of this article shall be construed to deprive schools in this State not common schools from participation in the educational fund of the State as to all pupils therein taught in the elementary branches of an English education Section VI Paragraph I The trustees of the University of Georgia may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of said university In addition to the payment of the annual interest on the debt due by the State to the University the General Assembly shall from time to time make such appropriations to the University and high schools as the condition of the treasury authorizes Acts 1920 p 32 ratified Nov 2 1920 Par II There shall be a Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia and the government control and management of the University System of Georgia and all of its institutions in said System shall be vested in said Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia Said Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia shall consist of one member from each Congressional 270 Art 8 Sec 6 Par 2 District in the State and five additional members from the StateatLarge appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate The Governor shall not be a member of said Board The first Board of Regents under this provision shall consist of those in office at the time this constitutional amendment is adopted with the terms provided by law Thereafter all succeeding appointments shall be for seven year terms from the expiration of the previous term Vacancies upon said Board caused by expiration of term of office shall be similarly filled by appointment and confirmation In case of a vacancy on said Board by death resignation of a member or from any other cause other than the expiration of such members term of office the Board shall by secret ballot elect his successor who shall hold office until the end of the next session of the General Assembly or if the General Assembly be then in session to the end of that session During such session of the General Assembly the Governor hall appoint the successor member of the Board for the unexpired term and shall submit his name to the Senate for confirmation All members of the Board of Regents shall hold office until their successors are appointed The said Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia shall have the powers and duties as provided by law existing at the time of the adoption of this amendment together with such further powers and duties as may be hereafter provided by law Acts 1943 pp 66 67 ratified August 3 1943 ARTICLE IX Homesteads and Exemptions Section I Paragraph I There shall be exempt from levy and sale by virtue of any process whatever under the laws of this State except as hereinafter excepted of the property of every head of a family or guardian or trustee of a family of minor children or every aged or infirm person or person having the care and support of dependent females of any age who is not the head of a family realty or personalty or both to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars Section II Paragraph I No Court or ministerial officer in this State shall ever have jurisdiction or authority to enforce any judgment execu tion or decree against the property set apart for such purpose including such improvements as may be made thereon from time to time except for taxes for the purchase money of the same for labor done thereon for material furnished therefor or for the removal of incumbrances thereon Section III Paragraph I The debtor shall have power to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in 271 Art 9 Sec 3 Par 1 this article except as to wearing apparel and not exceeding three hundred dollars worth of household and kitchen furniture and prowsions to be selected by himself and wife if any and he shall not alter it is set apart alienate or incumber the property so exempted but it may be sold by the debtor and his wife if any jointly with the sanctiop of the judge of the Superior Court of the County where the debtor resides or the land is situated the proceeds to be reinvested upon the same uses Section IV Paragraph I The General Assembly shall provide by law as early as practicable for the setting apart and valuation of said property But nothing m this article shall be construed to affect or repeal the existing laws for exemption of property from sale contained in the present Code of this State in paragraphs 2040 to 2049 inclusive and the acts amendatory thereto It may be optional with the applicant to take either but not both of such exemptions Section V Paragraph I The debtor shall have authority to waive or renounce m writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for m section four except as is expected in section three of this article Section VI Paragraph I The applicant shall at any time have the right to S1i if6 1Si exemPtin by adding to an amount already set apart w ls ess an the whole amount of exemption herein allowed a sufficiency to make his exemption equal to the whole amount Section VII Paragraph I Homesteads and exemptions of personal property which have been heretofore set apart by virtue of the provisions of the existing Constitution of this State and in accordance with the laws for the enforcement thereof or which may be hereafter so set apart at any time shall be and remain valid as against all debts and liabililes existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution to the same extent that they would have been had said existing Constitution not been revised Section VIII Paragraph I Rights which have become vested under previously existing laws shall not be affected by anything herein contained In ail cases m which homesteads have been set apart under the Constitution oi 1868 and the laws made in pursuance thereof and a bona fide sale of such property has been subsequently made and the full purchase price thereof has been paid all right of exemption in such property by reason of its having been so set apart shall cease in so far as it affects the right of the purchaser In all such cases where a part 272 Art 9 Sec 8 Par 1 only of the purchase price has been paid such transaction shall be governed by the laws now of force in this State in so far as they affect the rights of the purchaser as though said property had not been so set apart Section IX Paragraph I Parties who have taken a homestead of realty under the Constitution of eighteen hundred and sixtyeight shall have the right to sell said homestead and reinvest the same by order of the judge of the Superior Courts of this State ARTICLE X Militia Section I Paragraph I A well regulated militia being essential to the peace and security of the State the General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this State shall be organized officered trained armed and equipped and of whom it shall consist Par II The General Assembly shall have power to authorize the formation of volunteer companies and to provide for their organization into battalions regiments brigades divisions and corps with such restrictions as may be prescribed by law and shall have authority to arm and equip the same Par III The officers and men of the militia and volunteer forces shall not be entitled to receive any pay rations or emoluments when not in active service by authority of the State ARTICLE XI Counties and County Officers Section I Paragraph I Each county shall be a body corporate with such powers and limitations as may be prescribed by law All suits by or against a county shall be in the name thereof and the metes and bounds of the several counties shall remain as now prescribed by law unless changed as hereinafter provided Par II There shall not be more than one hundred and fortyfive counties in this State Acts 1904 p 47 ratified Oct 5 1904 Par Ila The General Assembly shall have the power to consolidate and combine all governmental functions and powers now vested in and exercised by cities and municipalities having a population of more than 52900 according to the Federal census of 1920 with the governmental functions and powers now vested in and exercised by the authorities of the county in which such cities or municipalities are situated to create designate and give a name to political subdi Art 11 Sec 1 Par 2a visions composed of the entire area of such counties to vest in and confer upon such subdivisions such authority and power as may be conferred upon municipalities or counties or both under existing laws to abolish any and all offices now existing under the charters of any such municipalities and also to abolish the offices of tax collecter and tax receiver in any such counties to create new offices for purpose of exercising and carrying out the powers to be vested in such political subdivisions and powers and duties formerly appertaining to such offices so abolished and the powers and duties formerly exercised by such counties and such municipalities all without regard to the uniformity of the powers duties and compensation appertaining to the offices so created in other municipalities other counties or other political subdivisions hereby authorized to divide such political subdivisions into districts to fix a maximum rate of ad valorem taxation to be levied by authority of such political subdivisions within the various districts without regard to the uniformity of the rat also to consolidate and combine any and all school systems and school districts now existing in any such cities or municipalities and counties into one system covering the entire area of the county to be governed and controlled under the provisions of the act creating the political subdivision hereby authorized regardless of the method of control of schools or school systems in other counties or municipalities The power herein granted shall not be extended to cities municipalities or towns and cities and towns and municipalities the corporate limits of which are included within more than one county nor shall said powers herein granted be extended to the counties in which said cities or towns or municipalities and cities and towns and municipalities are located The General Assembly in exercising the powers herein conferred may include in the act or law any one or more of the powers or provisions herein enumerated and may exclude therefrom any one or more of the powers or provisions herein enumerated This provision of the Constitution shall not be construed to empower the General Assembly to create new counties nor to affect or change the representation of any county in the General Assembly Nor shall it be construed to authorize the General Assembly to abolish the offices of clerk of the superior court ordinary sheriff or coroner in any of the counties affected by this paragraph said offices being expressly hereby preserved The General Assembly shall not change or abolish any county nor the name thereof which may be affected hereby and in naming the consolidated subdivisions in each case the names of the municipality or municipalities and of the county shall be combined so as to preserve them The General Assembly shall create such political subdivisions by special act or law relating to a particular subdivision but no such act or law shall have any force or effect until the same shall have been ratified by a vote of a majority of the qualified voters voting at a special election in such county to beheld not earlier than sixty days after the final passage and approval by the Governor of any such act Provided however that the people within the corporate limits of municipalities affected and the people of the county affected outside of the corporate limits shall vote separately and before the act shall go in effect a majority of those voting in the municipalities separately if more than one municipality is affected and a majority 274 Art 11 Sec 1 Par 2a of those voting outside of said municipality or municipalities shall vote in favor of said act Acts 1924 p 811 ratified Nov 4 1924 Par III County lines shall not be changed unless under the operation of a general law for that purpose Par IV No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly Par V Any county may be dissolved and merged with contiguous counties by a twothirds vote of the qualified electors of such county voting at an election held for that purpose Par VI Tax for sanitation fire prevention etc in Glynn and McIntosh counties Par VII Bibb County Public Service Districts Section II Paragraph I The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their offices for four years They shall be removed on conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible to any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless he shall have been a residentof the county for two years and is a qualified voter Provided that the provisions of the proposed amendment shall not become effective until January first 1917 Acts 1914 p 43 ratified Nov 3 1914 Section III Paragraph I Whatever tribunal or officers may hereafter be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of county matters shall be uniform throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for the appointment of Commissioners of roads and revenues in any county and may abolish the office of county treasurer in any county or fix the compensation of county treasurers and such compensation may be fixed without regard to uniformity of such compensation in the various counties And the General Assembly shall also have authority to consolidate the offices and duties of tax receiver and tax collector in any or all of the counties of the State the official performing the duties of said two officers when so consolidated to be known as county tax commissioner and the General Assembly may prescribe the compensation of such county tax commissioner or authorize county authorities to fix the same which compensation may he on the basis of fees or salary and may be fixed without regard to uniformity in the various counties and when such compensation is fixed on a salary basis the authority fixing the same shall determine what disposition shall be made of the fees and commissions accruing to each of said offices so consolidated and provide for the levy and collection of a tax sufficient to pay the salary so fixed Acts 1914 p 42 ratified Nov 3 1914 1924 p 815 ratified Nov 4 1924 275 Art 11 Sec 11 Par 2 Par II The General Assembly may provide however that the ordinary sheriff clerk superior court tax receiver tax collector or tax commissioner as the case may be and county treasurer any one or all of them serving in Fulton county shall be required to appoint a chief clerk chief assistant or chief deputy from among such officers assistants the appointment to be made by the person occupying such respective office and to be for such term as the person making the appointment may designate the term in no event to extend beyond the term of the person making the appointment and the General Assembly may provide further that in said county of Fulton in the event a vacancy occurs in any of the offices here named that such designated chief clerk chief assistant or chief deputy may fill out the unexpired term of the person making the appointment upon qualifying for such office as provided by law Acts 1939 p 33 ratified June 6 1939 Wtmr ARTICLE XII The Laws of General Operation in Force in This State Section I Paragraph I The laws of general operation in this State are first As the Supreme law The Constitution of the United States the laws of the United States in pursuance thereof and all treaties made under the authority of the United States Par II Second As next in authority thereto This Constitution Par III Third In subordination to the foregoing All laws now of force in this State not inconsistent with this Constitution and the ordinances of this Convention shall remain of force until the same are modified or repealed by the General Assembly And the Tax and Appropriation Acts passed at the session of the General Assembly of 1877 and approved by the Governor of the State and not inconsistent with this Constitution are hereby continued in force until altered by law Par IV Local and private acts passed for the benefit of counties cities towns corporations and private persons not inconsistent with the Supreme law nor with this Constitution and which have not expired nor been repealed shall have the force of Statute law subject to judicial decision as to their validity when passed and to any limitations imposed by their own terms Par V All rights privileges and immunities which may have vested in or accrued to any person or persons or corporation in his her or their own right or in any fiduciary capacity under and in virtue of any act of the General Assembly or any judgment decree or order or other proceeding of any Court of Competent jurisdiction in this State heretofore rendered shall be held inviolate by all Courts before which they may be brought in question unless attacked for fraud Par VI All judgments decrees orders and other proceedings of the several Courts of this State heretofore made within the limits of their several jurisdictions are hereby ratified and affirmed subject 276 Art 12 Sec 1 Par 6 only to reversal by motion for a new trial appeal bill of review or other proceedings in conformity with the law of force when they were made Par VII The officers of the Government now existing shall continue in the exercise of their several functions until their successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified But nothing herein is to apply to any officer whose office may be abolished by this Constitution Par VIII The ordinances of this Convention shall have the force of laws until otherwise provided by the General Assembly except the ordinances in reference to submitting the homestead and capital questions to a vote of the people which ordinances after being voted on shall have the effect of constitutional provisions ARTICLE XIII Amendments to the Constitution Section I Paragraph I Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon And the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall also provide for a submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately Par II No Convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each house of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable Section II Paragraph I This Constitution shall be submitted for ratification or rejection to the electors of this State at an election to be held on the first Wednesday in December one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven in the several election districts of this State at which election every person shall be entitled to vote who is entitled to vote for the members of the General Assembly under the Constitution and laws of force at the date of such election said election to be held Art 13 See 2 Par 1 and conducted as is now provided by law for holding elections for members of the General Assembly All persons voting at said election in favor of adopting this Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words For Ratification and all persons opposed to the adoption of this Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words Against Ratification Par II The votes cast at said election shall be consolidated in each of the counties of this State as is now required by law in elections for members of the General Assembly and returns thereof made to the Governor and should a majority of all the votes cast at said election be in favor of ratification he shall declare the said Constitution adopted and make proclamation of the result of said election by publication in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District of the State but should a majority of the votes cast be against ratification he shall in the same manner proclaim the said Constitution rejected C J JENKINS Presdt Con Convention A R LAWTON Vice Presdt Con Convention Attest James Cooper Nisbet Secy Con Convention Here follow the signatures of the members of the Constitutional Convention and of Chas H Williams Asst Secty and M A Hardin Reading Clerk 278 ORDINANCES STATE CAPITAL Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in convention assembled 1 That the question of the location of the Capital of this State be kept out of the Constitution to be adopted by this convention 2 That at the first general election hereafter held for the members of the General Assembly every voter may indorse on his ballot Atlanta or Milledgeville and the one of these places receiving the largest number of votes shall be the Capital of the State until changed by the same authority and in the same way that may be provided for the alteration of the Constitution that may be adopted by the convention whether said Constitution be ratified or rejected And that evry person entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the present Constitution and laws of this State shall be entitled to vote under this ordinance and in the event of the rejection of said Constitution shall should a majority of votes cast be in favor of Milledgeville then this provision to operate and take effect as an amendment to the present Constitution HOMESTEAD Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in convention assembled and it is hereby ordained by authority of the same 1 That the Article adopted by the convention on the subject of homestead and exemptions shall not form a part of this Constitution except as hereinafter provided 2 At the election held for the ratification or rejection of this Constitution it shall be lawful for each voter to have written or printed on his ballot the words Homestead of 1877 or the words Homestead of 1868 3 In the event that a majority of the ballots so cast have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1877 then said Article so adopted by this Convention shall form a part of the Constitution submitted if the same is ratified but in event that said Constitution go submitted shall not be ratified then the Article on homestead exemptions so adopted as aforesaid by this convention shall supersede Article Seventh of the Constitution of 1868 on the subject of homestead and exemptions and form a part of this Constitution 4 If a majority of the ballots so cast as aforesaid shall have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1868j then Article Seventh of the Constitution of 1868 shall supersede the Article on homestead and exemptions adopted by this convention and shall be incorporated in and form a part of the Constitution so submitted and ratified 279 ORDINANCES JUDICIAL CIRCUITS Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in convention assembled There shall be sixteen judicial circuits in this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to organize and proportion the same in such manner as to equalize the business and labor of the judges in said several circuits as far as may be practicable But the General Assembly shall have power hereafter to reorganize increase or diminish the number of circuits Provided however that the circuits shall remain as now organized until changed by law SIGNING AND RATIFICATION Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in convention assembled s 1 That the Constitution as adopted and revised be enrolled and signed by the officers and members of this convention 2 That the Governor shall issue his proclamation ordering an election for members of the General Assembly and a vote upon the ratification or rejection of this Constitution as therein provided and a vote upon the capital and homestead questions as provided by the ordinances of this convention Read and adopted in convention August 25th 1877 C J JENKINS President Constitutional Convention Attest JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary VOID BONDS NOT TO BE PAID Neither the General Assembly nor any other authority or officer of this State shall ever have power to pay or recognize as legal or m any sense valid or binding upon the State any direct bonds or currency bonds gold bonds or the States alleged guaranty or indorsement of any railroad bonds or any other bonds guaranties or indorsements heretofore declared to be illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature of the State or that may be declared illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature originating this amendment viz The State gold bonds issued under the Act of October 17th 1870 in aid of the Brunswick and Albany Company the currency bonds issued under the Act of August 27th 1870 the quarterly gold bonds issued under the Act of September 15th 1870 which are enumerated in the Act of August 23 iC indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Brunswick Albany Railroad Company made under the Act of March 18th i869 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Cartersville and Van Wert Railroad Company and of the Cherokee Railroad 280 ORDINANCES indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Bainbridge Cuthbert and Columbus Railroad Company and all other bonds guaranties or indorsements declared illegal fraudulent or nowiv heremrVlded Nor sha11 any General Assembly ever have PcT1e for the endorsement of such railroad bonds or to place the State s guaranty upon the same or to provide for the innfrntent r giJarantyby the State of any new bonds issued in lieu jgfejfl Payoff or retire such railroad bonds by any railroad comP y r o issue bonds of the State to such railroad companies or 3Z ir or in lieu of such endorsed bonds or other bonds herein declared illegal or to lend the aid or credit of the btate by any act resolution or law to such railroad companies or to tbPeiJIi0rP0ed cinPanis or Persons acquiring or succeeding to the rights and franchises of said companies or to buy the railroads ot such companies or to submit the question of the liability of the btate upon any of the bonds or indorsements upon bonds or other guaranty herein declared illegal fraudulent and void or upon any claim for money advanced upon said bonds indorsements or guarantPenled sad companies or other person in and about the construction of said railroads to the decision of any court tribunal or Person whatever or to pay assume or secure directly or indirectly by any act resolution or law any money advanced or claimed to have been advanced on the bonds indorsements or guaranties herein declared invalid Acts 1875 p 27 1877 p 24 8 GOVERNORS PROCLAMATION Adoption of Constitution Capital of State Homestead State of Georgia Whereas a convention of the people of the State of Georgia did assemble at the capital on the eleventh day of July last and whereas the said convention did revise the Constitution of the State and provide that the proposed new Constitution be submitted to the people for ratification or rejection and whereas the said convention by ordinances provided that the people should vote separately on the question of the location of the Capital at Atlanta or Milledgeville and ggggglthe adPtion of the homestead of 1868 or the homestead And whereas on the first Wednesday in December the present month an election was held m conformity with the law prescribed by the convention and the vote cast by the citizens of the State was for 1l4i2 and agamst ratification 40947 being a majority of 69495 votes for the ratification of the Constitution The vote cast foi the location of the capital was for Atlanta 99147 and for Milledeeville 55201 being a majority of 43946 votes for Atlanta The vote cast nrroo6 adPtion of a homestead was for the homestead of 1877 94722 and for the homestead of 1868 52000 beinsr a maioritv of 42722 votes for the homestead of 1877 g J y 01 S Tf01 i5ed B H Governor and Commander in Chief of the State of Georgia do issue this my proclamation de 281 daring that the Constitution adopted by the convention at Atlanta in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven is ratified by the people of the State of Georgia and is now the Constitution of the State Also that Atlanta is declared to be the Capital of the State of Georgia And that the Article adopted by the convention on the subject of the homestead forms a part of the new Constitution Given under my hand and the great seal of the State at the Capital in Atlanta this twentyfirst day of December in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven ALFRED H COLQUITT By the Governor N C BARNETT Secretary of State I 382 APPENDIX LEGISLATIVE PROPOSALS TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION OF 1877 Art 2 Sec 1 Par 18 Qualifications of electors and registration of voters A 1907 47 No record found of submission A 1908 27 Ratified Oct 7 1908 A 1931 102 Ratified Nov 8 1932 Relates only to Par 3 A 1943 39 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Art 3 Sec 2 Par 1 Increasing Senatorial Districts A 1918 84 Ratified Nov 5 1918 A 1921 86 Defeated Nov 7 1922 A 1931 106 Defeated Nov 8 1932 A 1937 28 Ratified June 8 1937 3 Sec 3 Par 1 Membership House of Representatives fixed A 1904 48 Ratified Oct 5 1904 A 1908 31 Ratified Oct 7 1908 A 1914 36 Ratified Nov 3 1914 A 1918 87 Ratified Nov 5 1918 A 1920 55 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Art 3 Sec 4 Par 1 Terms of members of General Assembly A 1914 45 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3 2 Annual legislative sessions A 18901 55 Ratified Oct 5 1892 Sessions changed from October to July A 1893 20 No record found of submission Biennial sessions A 1924 31 Ratified Nov 4 1924 Dates of sessions and officers terms A 1931 1053 Ratified Nov 8 1932 Annual sessions A 1941 90 Defeated June 3 1941 A 1943 51 Ratified Aug 3 1943 283 Art 3 2Sec 4 Par 6 Length of legislative sessions A 18901 56 Ratified Oct 5 1892 Art 3 Sec 5 Par 2 LieutenantGovernor to be President of the Senate A 1935 1233 Defeated Nov 3 1936 Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7 Local legislative bills A 18889 37 No record found of submission A 18901 57 Ratified Oct 5 1892 Art 3 Sec 7 Par 15 Special and local legislative powers withdrawn A 18845 33 Ratified Oct 6 1886 Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18 Granting of corporate powers A 18901 59 Ratified Oct 5 1892 A 1912 27 Ratified Nov 5 1912 Art 3 Sec 7 Par 25 Zoning laws A 1927 127 Ratified Nov 6 1928 A 1935 1234 Ratified Nov 3 1936 A 1937 1132 1139 1137 Ratified June 8 1937 Art 3 Sec 7 Par 26 Zoning laws counties of Glynn Fulton Chatham Bibb Barrow and Colquitt and others A 1929 148 Defeated Nov 4 1930 A 1937 24 Ratified June 8 1937 A 1937 1135 Ratified June 8 1937 Veterans civil service status A 1943 10 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Art 3 Sec 9 Par 1 General Assembly compensation of members A 1918 89 Ratified Nov 5 1918 A 1943 30 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Art 4 Sec 2 Par 8 Public Service Commission made Constitutional body A 1943 38 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Art 5 Sec 1 Par 2 Changing terms of Constitutional officers A 1935 1243 Defeated Nov 3 1936 A 1941 86 Ratified June 3 1941 284 Art 5 Sec 1 Par 3 Election for Governor A 1941 86 Ratified June 3 1941 Art 5 Sec 1 Par 8 Providing for a LieutenantGovernor A 1935 1231 Defeated Nov 3 1936 Art 5 Sec 1 Par 12 To create State Board of Pardons and Paroles A 1943 44 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Art 5 Sec 1 Par 13 Selfconvening extra session Legislature A 1937 1114 Ratified June 8 1937 Art 5 6 Sec 1 Par 19 Governors clerical force A 1918 93 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Art 5 Sec 2 Par 2 Treasurers and assistants salaries A 1918 91 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Duties and expensesConstitutional officers A 1927 121 Ratified Nov 6 1928 Art 5 Sec 4 Par 1 Creating State Game and Pish Commission A 1943 28 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Art 6 Sec 1 Par 1 Establishing Court of Appeals A 1906 24 Ratified Nov 6 1906 Art 6 Sec 2 Par 1 Supreme Court Justices A 18867 25 Defeated Oct 3 1888 A 1893 17 No record found of submission Art 6 Sec 2 Par 2 Choice of substitute judges A 1937 33 Ratified June 8 1937 Art 6 Sec 2 Par 5 Supreme Court jurisdiction A 1906 24 Ratified Nov 6 1906 A 1916 19 Ratified Nov 7 1916 Art 6 Sec 2 Par 6 Disposition of cases in Appellate Courts A 1935 1238 Ratified Nov 3 1936 A 1943 23 Ratified Aug 3 1943 285 Art 6 Sec 2 Par 8 Number of Justices Supreme Court and organization change A 1895 15 Ratified Oct 7 1896 Art 6 Sec 2 Par 9 Court of Appeals organization and jurisdiction A 1906 24 Ratified Nov 6 1906 A 1916 19 Ratified Nov 7 1916 Art 6 8 Sec 3 Par 1 Superior Courts A 1905 66 Ratified Oct 3 1906 Art 6 Sec 3 Par 2 Election of Superior Court Judges A 1897 16 Ratified Oct 5 1898 Art 6 Sec 3 Par 3 Terms of Superior Court Judges A 1897 16 Ratified Oct 5 1898 Art 6 Sec 4 Par 8 Superior Court hearings in vacation A 1939 78 Ratified June 6 1939 Art 6 Sec 6 Par 2a Jurisdiction of Ordinaries and Police Courts under State Patrol A 1937 1116 Ratified June 8 1937 Art 6 Sec 7 Par 1 Municipal Courts and J P Courts A 1912 30 Ratified Oct 2 1912 A 1914 39 Ratified Nov 3 1914 A 1927 117 Ratified Nov 6 1928 A 1931 1051 Ratified Nov 8 1932 A 1943 33 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Art 6 Sec 7 Par 2 Jurisdiction A 1941 119 Ratified June 3 1941 Art 6 Sec 11 Par 1 Election of SolicitorsGeneral A 1897 16 Ratified Oct 5 1898 Art 6 Sec 13 Par 1 Salaries certain Superior Court Judges A 1910 42 Ratified Oct 5 1910 A 1913 30 Ratified Nov 3 1914 A 1916 22 Ratified Nov 7 1916 A 1918 94 Ratified Nov 5 1918 A 1922 24 Defeated Nov 7 1922 A 1922 26 Ratified Nov 7 1922 A 1925 70 Ratified Nov 2 1926 A 1927 111 Ratified Nov 6 1928 A 1929 118 Defeated Nov 4 1930 A 1939 79 Ratified June 6 1939 Judicial salaries Supreme Court Court of Appeals and Superior Courts A 1917 36 Ratified Nov 5 1918 A 1920 20 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Art 6 Sec 13 Par 2 Salary basis for SolicitorsGeneral A 1916 24 Ratified Nov 7 1916 Art 6 Sec 16 Par 1 Venue in divorce cases A 1943 68 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Art 7 Sec 1 Par 1 Aid to Confederate soldiers and widows A 18845 37 A 18889 39 A 1893 19 A 1899 19 A 1908 34 A 1918 96 A 1918 98 A 1920 23 A 1937 1118 Ratified Ratified Ratified Ratified Ratified Ratified Ratified Ratified Ratified Oct 6 Oct 1 Oct 3 Oct 9 Oct 7 Nov 5 Nov 5 Nov 2 June 8 1886 1890 1894 1900 1908 1918 1918 1920 1937 State highway tax A 1926Ex33 Ratified Nov 2 1926 Social Security State participation A 1937 1126 Ratified June 8 1937 State Advertising A 1941 16 Ratified June 3 1941 Teachers retirement benefits A 1943 62 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Submitted through error proposal had been repealed Art 7 Sec 1 Par 2 Limiting ad valorem tax A 1903 21 Ratified Oct 5 1904 287 Art 7 Sec 2 Par 1 Taxes upon incomes A 1929 143 Defeated Nov 4 1930 Classification tax A 1931 108 Defeated Nov 8 1932 A 1937 39 Ratified June 8 1937 Macon uniformity modified A 1941 127 Ratified June 3 1941 Fifteen mill tax limitation A 1935 1240 Defeated Nov 3 1936 Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2 Farm products tax exemption A 1912 36 Ratified Nov 5 1912 Ships and vessels tax exemption A 1916 27 Defeated Nov 7 1916 Endowment educational institutions tax exemption A 1917 39 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Hydroelectric works tax exemptions Heard and Troup counties A 1929 144 Defeated Nov 4 1930 Personal property exemption A 1937 38 Ratified June 8 1937 Rural Electrification Corporations tax exemption A 1941 84 Ratified June 3 1941 Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2a Industries tax exemption A 1923Ex67 Ratified Nov 4 1924 Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2b Macon tax exemptions A 1941 124 Ratified June 8 1941 Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2c Certain corporate stock tax exemption A 1943 60 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Art 7 Sec 2 Par 6 Tax returns to ComptrollerGeneral A 1911 51 Ratified Oct 2 1912 Art 7 Sec 2 Par 7 Homestead exemption A 1937 1122 Ratified June 8 1937 Art 7 Sec 3 Par 1 Deficiencies in State Treasury A 1911 49 Ratified Oct 2 1912 State debt increase for teachers pay A 1926Ex31 Ratified Nov 2 1926 288 Art 7 Sec 6 Par 1 Waycross promotion tax A 1937 1131 Ratified June 8 1937 Fitzgerald promotion tax A 1939 31 Ratified June 6 1939 Savannah River Wharf A 1941 160 Ratified June 3 1941 Fulton CountyAtlanta promotional appropriation A 1943 24 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Art 7 Sec 6 Par 2 Taxing powers of countieshealth A 1908 33 Ratified Oct 7 1908 Taxing powers of countiesschools A 1910 45 Ratified Oct 5 1910 Taxing power of countiesvital statistics A 1926Ex30 Ratified Nov 2 1926 Taxing powers to Fulton County for schools and pensions A 1926Ex20 Ratified Nov 2 1926 A 1929 134 Defeated Nov 4 1930 County tax levies for Social Security A 1937 1124 Ratified June 8 1937 Agricultural agents tax levy A 1937 1128 Ratified June 8 1937 Chatham County Retirement pay A 1937 16 Ratified June 8 1937 Fulton and DeKalb Counties educational tax A 1937 18 Ratified June 8 1937 Ware County Promotion Fund Tax A 1937 1129 Ratified June 8 1937 Fulton County Civil Service A 1939 36 Ratified June 6 1939 Fulton Ccfunty retirement and pension fund A 1939 39 Ratified June 6 1939 Taxing powers of countiesfire protection of forest lands and other natural resources conservation A 19378 Ex28 Ratified Nov 8 1938 Taxing powers of countiesMedical care and hospitalization for indigent sick A 19378Ex39 Ratified Nov 8 1938 Richmond County retirement fund A 1943 48 Ratified Aug 3 1943 DeKalb County educational tax A 1943 20 Ratified Aug 3 1943 289 Art 7 See 6 Par 3 Public facilities contracts A 1941 50 Ratified June 3 1941 Art 7 Sec 7 Par 1 Augusta flood protection bonds A 1909 77 Ratified Oct 5 1910 County and city debts A 1918 99 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Bonded debt of cities of 150000 A 1918 915 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Street improvement bonds cities 150000 A 192025 Ratified Nov 2 1920 West Point flood protection bonds A 1920 29 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Savannah port debt A 1923 45 Ratified Nov 4 1924 Brunswick port debt A 1924 33 Ratified Nov 4 1924 Coastal highway district created A 1924 35 Ratified Nov 4 1924 Crisp County debt A 1925 72 Ratified Nov 2 1926 Tybee road bond issue A 1926Ex22 Ratified Nov 2 1926 Lowndes County and Valdosta bond issue A 1926Ex25 Ratified Nov 2 1926 McIntosh County school bond issue A 1926Ex28 Ratified Nov 2 1926 Columbus street improvement bonds A 1927 109 Ratified Nov 6 1928 LaGrange indebtedness A 1927 113 Ratified Nov 6 1928 Temporary loans Fulton Chatham and Richmond Counties A 1927 122 Ratified Nov 6 1928 Ware County bonded debt A 1927 124 Ratified Nov 6 1928 Stephens County hospital bonds A 1929 142 Ratified Nov 4 1930 Washington County temporary loans A 1929 147 Ratified Nov 4 1930 Elberton bonded debt A 1929 125 Ratified Nov 4 1930 290 Cornelia bonded debt A 1929 121 Ratified Nov 4 1930 Lakeland bonded debL A 1929 130 Ratified Nov 4 1930 Spalding County temporary loans A 1933 29 Ratified Nov 6 1934 Albany debt increase A 1937 7 Ratified June 8 1937 Atlanta debt increase A 1937 13 Ratified June 8 1937 Dublin debt increase A 1937 22 Ratified June 8 1937 Richmond County temporary loans A 1937 26 Ratified June 8 1937 Swainsboro temporary loans A 1937 34 Ratified June 8 1937 Adel bonded debt Baxley refunding bonds Beaverdam School District bonds Blue Ridge bonded debt Dublin bonded debt Eastman bonds Fannin County temporary loans Gainesville debt Homerville debt Homerville debt Jefferson debt Jeffersonville School District debt Macon temporary loans Pineview School District bonds Savannah refunding bonds Sparks bonded debt Vidalia refunding bonds Willacoochee refunding bonds A 193738 Ex 757 alphabetically arranged Ratified Nov 8 1938 Atlanta Revenue Certificates Augusta temporary loans Bacon County Refunding bonds Blackshear Refunding bonds Bowden Refunding bonds Carrollton Refunding bonds Fulton County School bonds East Point and College Park Fulton Floyd and DeKalb Counties temporary loans Board of Education Grady County Refunding bonds Greenville debt Kite Consolidated School District bonds Macon debt certificates Nashville Refunding bonds Ocilla debt Ocilla Refunding bonds Pearson Refunding bonds Quitman debt certificates Quitman Refunding bonds Ray City Refunding bonds Reidsville School District bonded debt Savannah debt Savannah bonded debt Sylvania debt Tift County bonded debt Willie Consolidated School District Refunding bonds A 1939 888 alphabetically arranged Ratified June 6 1939 Coastal Highway District A 1939 23 Ratified June 6 1939 Abbeville School District bonds Abbeville Refunding bonds Adrian Consolidated School District bonds Baker County bonds Bibb County debt 2 Calhoun County Refunding bonds Catoosa County bonds Chattooga Refunding bonds Claxton School District Refunding bonds Claxton Refunding bonds Cobb County Refunding bonds Cochran Refunding bonds Cook County Warren Refunding bonds Cook County Refunding bonds Cordele Refunding bonds Crawford Refunding bonds Crawford School District debt Dade County bonded debt Davisboro School District bonds Dodge County bonded debt Doerun Refunding bonds Effingham County Refunding bonds 291 Evans County Refunding bonds Excelsior School District bonds Gainesville bonded debt Hart County Refunding bonds Hazelhurst Refunding bonds Irwin County Warrant Refunding bonds Irwin County Refunding bonds Jeff Davis Refunding bonds Jefferson County School District Refunding bonds Jefferson County School Dist No 10 bonds Johnson Corner School District bonds Lexington Refunding bonds Macon debt certificates Miller County bonds Miller County Refunding bonds Mitchell County Board of Education temporary loans Oglethorpe County Funding bonds Paulding County Funding bonds Quitman County debt Reidsville Refunding bonds Sandy Cross School District Refunding bonds SparksAdel School District Refunding bonds Stone Mountain Refunding bonds Sunny Hill School District Toombs County Refunding bonds Unadilla Refunding bonds Vidalia bonded debt Walker County bonds Washington Refunding bonds Waycross debt Wilcox County bonds Wilcox County debt Wrightsville School District bonds A 1941 9195 alphabetically arranged Ratified June 3 1941 Revenue anticipation obligations not debts A 1943 47 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Summerville school district bonds A 1943 57 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Cobb County Funding bonds A 1943 11 Ratified Aug 3 1943 AtlantaFulton CountyDeKalb County hospitalization contracts A 1943 18 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Glenwood bonded debt A 1943 31 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Ray City bonded debt A 1943 41 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Fulton County temporary loans A 1943 26 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Art 7 Sec 8 Par 1 Assumption of county debts A 1931 97 Ratified Nov 8 1932 Highway Refunding bonds A 1939 47 Ratified June 6 1939 Art 7 Sec 18 Par 1 Hancock County Refunding bonds A 1941 93 Ratified June 3 1941 Art 7 Sec 18 Par 2 Taxation for teacher retirement benefits A 1943 64 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Art 8 Sec 1 Par 1 Taxation for common schools A 1911 46 Ratified Oct 2 1912 292 Art 8 Sec 2 Par 1 State School Commissioner made elective A 1894 34 Ratified Oct 7 1896 State School SuperintendentTerm of office A 1935 1236 Defeated Nov 3 1936 A 1941 165 Ratified June 3 1941 Art 8 Sec 4 Par 1 Local school tax A 190323 A 1919 66 A 1931 103 A 1931 105 A 1943 16 Ratified Oct 5 1904 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Ratified Nov 8 1932 Ratified Nov 8 1932 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Pierce County High School tax A 1929 139 Ratified Nov 4 1930 Brantley County School tax A 19378Ex 17 Ratified Nov 8 1938 Floyd County High School tax A 19378Ex 30 Ratified Nov 8 1938 Chatham County School tax A 1941 37 Ratified June 3 1941 Art 8 Sec 6 Par 1 University and high school appropriations A 1920 32 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Art 8 Sec 6 Par 2 Constitutional University system regents A 1943 66 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Art 11 Sec 1 Par 1 Taxes for Fulton County improvements A 1929 135 Ratified Nov 4 1930 Cobb County fire prevention tax A 193738 Ex 20 Ratified Nov 8 1938 DeKalb County improvements tax A 1941 69 Ratified June 3 1941 Art 11 Sec 1 Par 2 Fixing number of counties A 1904 47 Ratified Oct 5 1904 Creating new counties as follows A 1906 28 Ratified Nov 6 1906 Ben Hill A 1912 38 Ratified Oct 2 1912 Bleckley A 1912 41 Ratified Nov 5 1912 Wheeler 293 A 1914 23 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Bacon i 1916 17 Ratified Nov 7 1916 BaconA A 1914 27 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Barrow A 1914 29 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Candler A 1914 33 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Evans CA 1917 41 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Atkinson a 1918 106 A 1917 44 r Ratified Nov 5 1918 Treutlen A 1918 102 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Cook CA 1919 68 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Lanier A 1920 19 45 A 1920 34 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Brantley A 1920 38 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Lamar A 1920 48 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Long A 1920 52 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Seminole A 1922 28 Defeated Nov 2 1922 Peach A 1924 39 Ratified Nov 4 1924 Peach Art 11 Sec 1 Par 2A Consolidation of city and county governments A 1924 811 Ratified Nov 24 1924 Art 11 Sec 1 Par 6 Taxes for sanitation Glynn and McIntosh counties A 1929 137 Ratified Nov 4 1930 Art 11 Sec 1 Par 7 DeKalb County increased taxing power A 1937 20 Ratified June 8 1937 Bibb County public service districts A 1943 8 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Art 11 Sec 2 Par 1 County officers terms A 1914 43 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Spalding County school board A 1943 53 Ratified Aug 3 1943 Art 11 Sec 3 Par 1 Office of county treasurer A 1914 42 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Consolidation of offices Tax Receiver and Tax Collector A 1924 815 Ratified Nov 4 1924 Art 11 Sec 3 Par 2 Pulton County Public Officers Dejputies A 1939 33 Ratified June 6 1939 294 CHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF PROPOSALS TO AMEND CONSTITUTION OF 1877 Year of Act 1885 1887 1889 1890 1891 1893 1894 1895 1897 1899 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1923 Ex 1924 1925 1926 Ex 1927 1929 1931 1933 1935 1937 1938 1939 1941 1943 Proposals 2 1 2 1 3 3 1 1 3 1 2 2 1 4 1 4 1 2 3 5 1 9 5 4 11 2 10 1 3 1 1 6 2 7 8 13 8 1 7 26 23 33 70 28 Ratified 2 1886 1 1890 1 1892 3 1892 1 1894 1 1896 1 1896 3 1898 1 1900 2 1904 2 1904 1 1906 4 1906 4 1908 1 1910 2 1910 3 1912 5 1912 1 1914 9 1914 4 1916 4 1918 11 1918 2 1920 10 1920 1 1922 1 1924 1 1924 6 1924 2 1926 7 1926 8 1928 8 1930 6 1932 1 1934 2 1936 26 1937 23 1938 33 1939 69 1941 28 1943 Rejected No record 1 1888 1 2 1 1916 1 1922 2 1922 5 1930 2 1932 5 1936 1 1941 323 301 Of the foregoing proposals 120 were of local concern 18 4 only were of general interest 203 295