Manual of the General Assembly of the state of Georgia, 1919-1920

THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA

MANUAL
OF TH
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
OF
The State of Georgia
19191920
BY
DEVEREAUX F McCLATCHEY
Secretary of the Senate AND
E B MOORE
Clerk of the House of Representatives
1920
Chas P Byrd State Printer Atlanta Ga
THE GENERAL LIBRARY
THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
STATE LIBRARY GIFT 1938
the general library the UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA ATHENS GEORGIA

i

NOV 1 3 1943
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT STATE OF GEORGIA
HUBH M DORSEYGovernor
LAURA BAIRDPrivate Secretary to Governor
C A WESTSecretary Executive Department
MRS SLOAN TRU8C0TT Warrant Clerk
a L MeLENDONSecretary of State
WILLIAM A WRIGHTComptrollerGeleral and Ins Commissioner
WILLIAM J SPEERTreasurer
T R BENNETTState Superintendent of Banking
H J FULLBRIGHTState Tax Commissioner
R A DENNYAttorneyGeneral
J J BROWNCommissioner of Agriculture
M L BRiTTAINState Superintendent of Schools
J W LINDSEYPension Commissioner
H M STANLEYCommissioner of Commerce and Labor
J VAN HOLT NASHAdjustantGeneral
MRS M B COBBlState Librarian
CHARLOTTE H TEMPLETONSee State Library Commission
S W McCALLJEState Geologist
A C LEWIS1 State Entomologist
DR S H WILSONState Chemist
PETER F BAHNSENState Veterinarian
THEODOSIUS MASSENGALEKeeper of Public Buildings
S J SLATEtState Game Warden
DR L L KNIGHTState Historian
DR T F ABERCROMBIESecretary State Board of Health
PHILIP WELTNERSecretary Public Welfare Board
PAT T MeCUTCHEONSuperintendent of Public Printing
T A CHEATHAMDrug Inspector
M T ROANEState Oil Inspector
O S LEEPure Food Inspector
LEM B JACKSONDirector Bureau of Markets
RAILROAD COMMISSION C M CANDLER Chairman
PAUL TRAMMELL
JOHN T BOIFEUILLET
JAMES A PERRY
JAMES D PRICE
the general library THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
STATE LIBRARY GIFT 1938
T E PATTERSON
E L RAINEY
STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
PRISON COMMISSION R E DAVIDSON Chairmanl
DR C M STRAHAN Chairman STANLEY BENNET
R C NEELY
the general library the UNIVERSITY of GEORGIA ATHENS GEORGIA
MEMBERS AND OFFICERS
OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA
19191920
SAM L OLIVE President
AUGUSTA
J H ENNIS President Pro Tem
MTLLEDGEVILLE
DEVEREAUX F McCLATCHEY Secretary
ATLANTA
CHARLES P HANSELL Assistant Secretary
THOMASVILLE
CHARLES F RICE Journal Clerk
ATLANTA
PAT HARALSON Calendar Clerk
BLAIRSYILLE
C M HOOKS Messenger
FORSYTH
A P GRIFFIN Doorkeeper
STONE MOUNTAIN
Deceased

MEMBERS
OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA
BY DISTRICTS
FOR SESSION OF 19191920
First DistrictChatham Bryan and Effingham
LEONORIAN NEIDLINGER Springfield
Second DistrictLiberty McIntosh and Tattnall
H H ELDERSReidsville
Third DistrictWayne Appling and Jeff Davis
Z W KIRKLANDtHazlehurst
Fourth DistrictGlynn Camden and Charlton
JESSE W YICPERYFolkston
Fifth DistrictWare Clinch and Atkinson
J E T BOWDEN1Waycross
Sixth DistrictEchols Lowndes Berrien and Cook
J H KEENE Stockton
Seventh DistrictBrooks Thomas and Grady
J Q SMITH Cairo
Eighth DistrictDecatur Mitchell and Miller
S M WATSONColquitt
Ninth DistrictEarly Calhoun and Baker
Z T RABUN Morgan
Tenth DistrictDougherty Lee and Worth
J S SHINGLER Ashburn
Eleventh DistrictClay Randolph and Terrell
J B BUSSEY Cuthberi
Twelfth DistrictStewart Webster and Quitman
H M KAIGLERGeorgetown
6
Thirteenth DistrictSumter Schley and Macon
B B BROOKSMontezuma
Fourteenth DistrictDooly Pulaski and Bleckley
J D MAYNARDAbbevffle
Fifteenth DistrictWheeler Montgomery and Toombs
J G CALHOUN Mt Vernon
Sixteenth DistrictLaurens Emanuel Johnson and Treutlen FRED KEA Dublin
Seventeenth DistrictScreven Burke and Jenkins
JAMES A DIXONMmen
Eighteenth DistrictRichmond Glascock and Jefferson
S L OLIVEAugusta
Nineteenth DistrictTaliaferro Green and Warren
P G VEAZEY Warrenton
Twentieth DistrictBaldwin Hancock and Washington
J H ENNISMlHedgeville
Twentyfirst DistrictTwiggs Wilkinson and Jones
A J WOODJeffersonville
Twentysecond DistrictBibb Monroe and Pike
BEN J FOWLERMacon
Twentythird DistrictHouston Crawford and Taylor
R C LeSUEURRoberta
Twentyfourth DistrictMuscogee Marion and Chattahoochee
J E HOGGBuena Vista
Twentyfifth DistrictHarris Upson and Talbot
J R LUNSFORDHamilton
Twentysixth DistrictSpalding Butts and Fayette
J J FLYNT Griffin
Twentyseventh DistrictBarrow Walton and Oconee JOSIAH BLASINGAMElJersey
Twentyeighth DistrictJasper Putnam and Morgan
W P WALLACE Rutledge
Twentyninth DistrictColumbia McDuffie and Lincoln
J T OLIVEHarlem
Thirtieth DistrictElbert Madison and Hart
CLARENCE E ADAMSDanielsville
Thirtyfirst DistrictHabersham Franklin and Stephens FERMOR BARRETT Toecoa
Thirtysecond DistrictWhite Dawson and Lumpkin
J E PRUETTDahlonega
Thirtythird DistrictHall Banks and Jackson
J S AYERS1 i2Jefferson
ThirtyFourth DistrictDeKalb Rockdale and Newton
OSCAR A NIX Lawrenceville
Thirtyfifth DistrictFulton Clayton and Henry
IVAN E ALLENAtlanta
Thirtysixth DistrictCampbell Coweta and Meriwether
J T DUNCAN Douglasville
Thirtyseventh DistrictCarroll Heard and Troup
E T STEED Carrollton
Thirtyeighth DistrictHaralson Polk and Paulding
S W RAGSDALErDallas
Thirtyninth DistrictCherokee Cobb and Douglas
C J HARBIN Cumming
Fortieth DistrictUnion Towns and Rabun
W D RICE Hiawassee
Fortyfirst DistrictPickens Fannin and Gilmer
W K REECEEllijay
Fortysecond DistrictBartow Floyd and Chattooga CLAUDE C PITTMAN CartfersVille
Fortythird DistrictMurray Gordon and Whitfield
GEORGE G GLENN Dalton
Fortyfourth DistrictWalker Dade and Catoosa
WALTER W CURETONRising Pawn
i Fortyfifth DistrictIrwin Ben Hill and Telfair
JAS B CLEMENTSIrwinviUe
Fortysixth DistrictBacon Pierce and Coffee
J K LARKINSHoboken
Fortyseventh DistrictColquitt Tift and Turner
M C KENDALL Moultrie
Fortyeighth DistrictCrisp Wilcox and Dodge
W H DORRISCordele
Fortyninth DistrictBulloch Candler and Evans
H B WILKINSONClaiton
Fiftieth DistrictClarke Oglethorpe and Wilkes
W H REYNOLDSjiLexington
Fiftyfirst DistrictGwinnett Milton and Forsyth WALTER L BELLDuluthRoute No 2
Vice T H Parker Deceased
8
Standing Committees of the Senate
ACADEMY FOR BLIND
Veazey Chairman Maynard ViceChairman
Bell Reynolds
Fowler Rice
Keene Wilkinson
Neidlinger Reece
Prnett
AGRICULTURE
Wallace Chairman Wilkinson VChairman
Blasingame Kaigler
Bowden Kea
Calhoun Kirkland
Clements Larkins
Duncan Neidlinger
Elders Parker
Ennis Reece
Flynt Rice
Harbin Shingler
Hogg Veazey
APPROPRIATIONS
Allen Chairman Steed ViceChairman
Adams Glenn
jyers Hogg
Barrett Kaigler
Bowden Kea
Bussey Keene
Clements Nix
Cureton Olive
Elders Pittman
Ennis Pruett
Flynt Reynolds
Fowler Wallace
11
v
AUDITING
Rabun Chairman Watson ViceChairman
Adams Kirkland
Allen Steed
Bussey
BANKS AND BANKING
Watson Chairman Duncan ViceChairman
Ayers Lunsford
Barrett Pruett
Blasingame Rabun
Clements Shingler
Ennis Wallace
COMMERCE AND LABOR
Bowden Chairman Veazey ViceChairman
Ayers Fowler
Elders Glenn
Flynt v rfl
CONGRESSIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE
REAPPORTIONMENTS
Cureton Chairman Clements VChairman
Bell Larkins
Bussey LeSueur
Dorris Neidlinger
Fowler Wood
12
CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS
Dixon Chairman Nix ViceChairman
Allen Kea
Barrett Kendall
Bowden LeSueur
Brooks Lunsford
Clements Maynard
Dorris Olive
Elders Pittman
Ennis Pruett
Flynt Rabun
Fowler Shingler
Glenn Smith
Hogg Veazey
CORPORATIONS
Adams Chairman Ragsdale VChairman
Barrett Larkins
Blasingame Reynolds
Bowden Veazey
Bussey Wilkinson
Clements Wood
Hogg
COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS
Reece Chairman Vickery VChairman
Bell Keene
Brooks Kirkland
Calhoun Maynard
Duncan Neidlinger
Harbin Rice
Kaigler
DRAINAGE
Vickery Chairman Ayers ViceChairman
Bowden Kirkland
Bussey Shingler
Elders Smith
Keene
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EDUCATION
Eldeks Chairman Kaigleb ViceChairman
Adams Larkins
Bell Maynard
Blasingame Neidlinger
Bussey Rabun i
Calhoun Shingler
Dixon Steed
Duncan Veazey
Flynt Vickery
Kea Wilkinson
Kendall Wood
Kirkland
ENGROSSING
Habbin Chairman Keene ViceChairman
Adams Kirkland
Bussey Maynard
Calhoun Pruett
Kaigler
ENROLLING
Bell Chairman Reece ViceChairman
Kea Rice
Neidlinger Veazey
Pittman Wilkinson
Pruett
FINANCE
Blasingame Chairman Brooks ViceChairman
Bell Lunsford
Calhonn Maynard
Dixon Neidlinger
Dorris Babun
Duncan Beece
Elders Shingler
t Flynt Veazey
Kendall Vickery
Kirkland Wilkinson
Larkins Wood
LeSneur
HALLS AND BOOMS
Bice Chairman Harbin ViceChairman
Allen Hogg
Brooks Watson
Ennis
GAME AND FISH
Wilkinson Chairman Vickery ViceChairman
Clements Hogg
Dorris Keene
Elders Larkins
1 Fowler Lunsford
Flynt
GENEBAL JUDICIABY No L
Steed Chairman Nix ViceChairman
Adams Glenn
Barrett Kea
Bussey Olive
Dorris Pruett
Flynt Smith
GENERAL JUDICIARY No 2
Ayebs Chairman Clements Cureton Dixon Elders
Lunsfobd VChairman Fowler LeSueur Pittman Ragsdale
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Wood Chairman Ayers
Barrett Brooks Bussey
Bell ViceChairman Hogg Maynard Reynolds Wilkinson
INSURANCE
Hgg Chairman Ayers Barrett Cureton Flynt Glenn LeSueur
Rabun ViceChairman Lunsford Nix Olive Pittman Wallace Watson
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS
Keene Chairman Dixon ViceChairman
LeSueur
Allen
Bowden
Fowler
Ragsdale
Rice
JOURNALS
iUNSFOBD Chairman Brooks Cureton Harbin
Allen ViceChairman Olive Rice
16
MANUFACTURES
Duncan Chairman Calhoun VChairman
Allen Nix 1
Bowden Rabun
Ennis Ragsdale
Keene Shingler
Larkins Wallace
Maynard
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Fowler Chairman Rice ViceChairman
LeSueur
Brooks Nix
Cureton Pruett
nns Ragsdale
MINES AND MINING
Pittman Chairman Cureton ViceChairman
Bowden
Harbin
Pruett
Reece
Rice
Smith
Watson
Nix Chairman PENITENTIARY
Reece ViceChai
Adams Kirkland
Bell LeSueur
Bussey Lunsford
Calhoun Neidnger
Cureton Nix
Dorris Olive
Duncan Pruett
Ennis Ragsdale
Harbin Rice
Hogg Smith
Kaigler Veazey
Kea Vickery
Keene Wilkinson
Kendall Wood
17
V
PENSIONS
Brooks Chairman Shingler VChairman
Blasingame Fowler
Bussey Nix
Calhoun Steed
Dorris Watson
Flynt
PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS
Bussey Chairman Pruett ViceChairman
Allen Nix
Barrett Pittman
Blasingame Ragsdale
Cureton Reece
Elders Reynolds
Ennis Wallace
Glenn
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Neidlinger Chairman Olive ViceChairman
Brooks Kea
Clements Kirkland
Harbin
PUBLIC PRINTING
LeSueur Chairinan Gclenn ViceChairman
Allen Larkins
Brooks Lunsford
Clements Pittman
Cureton
PUBLIC PROPERTY
Calhoun Chairman Ayers ViceChairman
Hogg Smith
Dorris Vickery
Kaigler Wood
Larkins
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PUBLIC ROADS
Enis Chairman Barrett Bell Brooks Clements Cureton Dorris Duncan Elders Ennis Flynt Hogg Keene
LeSueur VChairman Kendall Pruett Rabun Reece Reynolds
Rice
Shingler
Smith
Wallace
Wilkinson
Wood
RAILROADS
Petjett Chairman Rabun ViceChairman Ayere Maynard
Barrett Nix
Bowden Olive
Calhoun Wallace
Clements Watson
Flynt
RULES
Barrett ViceChairman
Ennis
Ayers v Fowler
Bowden Glenn
Clements Hogg
Dorris Kea
Duncan Olive
Elders Shingler

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STATE SANITARIUM
Larkins Chairman Wood ViceChairman
Adams Pruett
Bell Rabun
Calhoun Ragsdale
Dixon Reynolds
Ennis Rice
Flynt Smith
Harbin Steed
Kaigler Watson
Keene Wilkinson
Neidlinger r a
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Dorris Chairman Cureton ViceChairman
Ayers Nix
Dixon Pittman
Flynt Ragsdale
Larkins Smith
Lunsford Steed
SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Maynard Chairman Parker ViceChairman
Bowden Kendall
Calhoun Reece
Duncan Vickery
Kaigler Wilkinson
STATE OF THE REPUBLIC
Kea Chairman Ragsdale VChairman
Allen Larkins
Barrett Olive
Blasingame Reynolds
Duncan Smith
Flynt Veazey
Kirkland Wilkinson
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TEMPERANCE
Kaigler Chairman Adams Bell
Blasingame
Dixon
Duncan
Kea
Keene
Kirkland
TUBERCULOSIS
Kirkland Chairman Barrett Bussey Keene
Dorris ViceChairman Larkins Neidlinger Pittman Rabun Shingler Smith Veazey Wilkinson
SANITARIUM AT ALTO
Brooks VChairman Maynard Neidlinger Wallace
UNIFORM LAWS
Smith Chairman Adams Ayers Cureton Elders
Pittman VChairman Kea
LeSueur
Nix
Parker
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
Reynolds Chairman Adams Ayers Barrett Blasingame Bowden Dorris Duncan
Cureton VChairman Ennis Fowler Nix
Pittman
Steed
Wallace
21
WESTERN ATLANTIC RAILROAD Glenn Chairman Bell ViceChairman
Cnreton Pittman
Dixon Pruett
Dnncan Ragsdale
Harbin Reynolds
Kaigler Rice
Keene Kendall Nix Vickery
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR
Ennis Chairman Eldebs ViceChairman
W P Wallace

22
RULES OF THE SENATE
ADOPTED FOR SESSIONS OF 19191920
THE PRESIDENT
Rult 1 The President shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the Senate the President shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the Senate shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the President may vote
Rule 3 When two or more Senators shall rise at the same time the President shall name the Senator entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the President unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 5 The method of stating the question on any motion by the President shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decisioii may seem doubtful to the President or a division of the Senate is called for by any one member of the Senate the President shall call upon the Senators in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the Secretary he shall call upon the Senators to reverse their positions and the President shall announce the result
Discretion of President
When President shall vote
Right of Senator to the floor to he decided by the President
President to appoint committees
Method of stating a Question by the
Presdent
25
Presdent may name Senators to preside
Duty of Secretary when President is absent
When no debate on appeals
Appeals to be made at once
Power of President to suspend subordinate officers
When President may order galleries and lobbies cleared
Rule 6 The President may during a days sitting name any Senator to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the President shall be absent the President pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Secretary of the Senate shall call the Senate to order and shall preside until a President pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the Senate The President pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
Rule 8 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Rule 9 All appeals from the decisions of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of th alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Rule 10 The President shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the Senate within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the Senate may see fit to take in the premises
Rule 11 The President shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the Senate cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested
26
and brought before the bar of the Senate to be v dealt with for contempt of the Senate
Rule 12 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the Senate the President may order the door of the Senate to be closed and the roll of Senators called by the Secretary and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the Senate and any Senator present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the Senate
Ruel 13 The President may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the Senate discloses the fact that a quorum of the Senate has not voted
Rule 14 All questions as to priority of business to be acted on shall bp decided by the President without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 15 When any Senator is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the Senate he shall arise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr President He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject nor more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have skopen If any Senator in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the Senate the President shall call him to order in which case the Senator so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The Senate shall if appealed to decide and if the dcision of the Senate be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offence shall be reproved
No quorum voting duty of President
When President may order vote taken by yeas and nays
Decision on questions of priority
Conduct of Senators in debate
Appeals
27
Expulsion See Rule 147
Exception to words spoken
Silence
Mode of
designating
Senators
Shall not vote when interested in result
for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the Senate by a twothirds vote of the Sena tors which said vote shall he taken by ayes and nays
Rule 16 If any Senator be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Secretary and read then admitted denied or explained by the Senator who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the Senate may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the Senate is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been disposed of or until such further time as may then be ordered by the Senate But no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the Senate for words spdken in debate if any other Senator has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Rule 17 The members of the Senate shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking Senator shall have taken his seat
Rule 18 The Senators shall avoid naming each other when they may hape occasion to take notiee of their observations but may designate them by the districts they represent
Rule 19 No Senator shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is personally interested and in every case where the seat of a Senator is being contested the sitting Senator and the contestant
28
I
shall both retire from the Senate before the vote is taken
Rule 20 Any Senator may have entered on the Journal a protest in writing against the action of the Senate said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the Senate nor any member thereof
Rule 21 No Senator shall address the Senate nor interrogate a Senator who is speaking except through the President and if the Senator speaking declines to be interrupted the President shall cause the Senator desiring to interrogate him to be silent
Rule 22 No Senator shall pass between the Chair and a Senator while he is speaking nor shall any Senator at the time of adjournment leave his seat ujitil the President retires
Rule 23 No Senator shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another Senator or to any mattrs which have transpired in any committee or in the House except as to the final action taken by the House in any pending matter
Rule 24 No smoking shall be allowed in the Senate Chamber during the Sessions of the Senate nor shall conversation be permitted within the Chamber
Rule 25 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 26 Applause or hisses in the Senate Chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Protests
Duty while Senator is speaking and at adjournment
Rresrietion in debate
Applause and hisses foYbidden
29
No debate during yeas and nays
Only one motion be made at a time
Explanation
Reading of papers
Motion to excuse when made
Excuses from voting
Rule 27 During the calling or reading of ayes and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Rule 28 No Senator can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the Senate he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the President
Rule 29 On all questions except such as are not debatable any Senator on the call of the ayes and nays shall be allowed five minutes as a matter of right in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no Senator shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent No motion or request shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a Senators time for explaining
Rule 30 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any Senator it shall be determined by a vote of the Senate and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 31 A motion to excuse a Senator from voting must be made before the Senate divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the Senator making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
Rule 32 No Senator shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then move to table the bill resolution or motion or move the previous question thereon without relinquishing the floor
30
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 33 Any one Senator maycall for a division Can for
division
of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Rule 34 The Senator calling for a division must Division state into how many and definitely what parts he how made would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself and be consistent and entire
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Rule 35 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar Bills and and before reading any bill or resolution the second called in
order
or third time the Secretary shall distinctly state its number and the name of the Senator by whom introduced Provided that the General Appropriation Bill and the General Tax Bill shall have precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said bills shall have been finally disposed of
Rule 36 Every motion or request to take up general bills or resolutions out of their regular order Proviso and every motion or request for special orders shall turns tobe be submitted in writing and reported upon by the in writ ng Committee on Rules before being submitted to the Senate
Rule 37 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of Question
on first
any bill or resolution or other matter requiring reading reference to a committee the President shall as a
31
Effect of favorable report of committee
Adverse re port of committee
Bills when withdrawn
Reports of commttees order of action
matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise orydered by the Senate In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof hall be made by the Secretary and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed
Rule 38 Where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill etc the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question unless recommitted Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill etc on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committeeis agreed to the bill etc shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill etc shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Provided that no bill etc adversely reported shall be taken up for a second reading except by motion of some Senator Any bill etc may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the Senate
Rule 39 When a bill etc favorably reported by a committee is on its third or last reading if the report of the committee is disagreed to by the Sen ate the bill or measure shall be lost unless the action of the Senate in disagreeing to the committee report is reconsidered within the proper time
Rule 40 The President shall not recognize any Senator at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to place any general bill on its passage out of its regular order Neither shall he recognize any request for unanimous consent for the in
32

troduction of new matter or to read any bill or resolution the second time or to place any local bill or resolution on its passage except during the first 30 minutes after the confirmation of the Journal The President shall entertain but one unanimou consent at any one time
Rule 41 Where a bill or a resolution has beer referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to tht same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the Senate
Rule 42 All bills and resolutions shall be written or printed and shall have the name of the Senatoi introducing the same as well as the district he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same
Rule 43 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the Senate by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the Senate agreeing thereto
Rule 44 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the House on the day of the passage thereof unless a majority of the Senators present shall so order
Rule 45 The Committee on Rules during the last seven legislative days of each session shall arrange and fix the calendar of business for each day and such calendar shall bea standing and continuing special order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order and manner fixed by such calendar except by a threefourths vote of those present
Bills and resolutions to be In writing
How indorsed
Bills when printed
Transmission to House by majority vote
33
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Order of precedence
Not debatable when may be renewed Amendment
When
debatable
When
made
When not to order
Rule 46 When any subject is before the Senate for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st A motion to adjourn
2d A motion to lay on table
3d A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to postpone indefinitely
5th A motion to postpone to a day certain
6th A motion to commit
7th A motion to amend
Which said several motions shall have precedence in the order named
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 47 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the Senate A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
Rule 48 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the Senate is not actually engaged in other business is debatable and is amendable as to the day or time proposed
Rule 49 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the Senator moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 50 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustainedbut when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn
34
be in order after the Secretary has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one Senator has been given or after a division of the Senate has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced
Rule 51 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the Senate to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 52 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the Senate is being taken by the yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the Senate is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the Senate shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE
Rule 53 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order
Rule 54 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the Senate is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken from the table it is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 55 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business hasintervened between the votes
THE GENERAL LIBRAR g the general library
THE UNIVERSITY OF CEC RWh UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
STATE LIBRARY IfT if ft ATHENS GEORGIA
Effect of adjournment
Hour of adjournment What business postponed
Amendment or substitute cannot cannot be laid on table
How matters may be taken
from table
When
renewed

Not debatable or amendable
What can be tabled
When In order
Effect of
previous
question
Twenty minutes 4 bate allowed
Rule 56 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
Rule 57 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up gain
Rule 58 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 59 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions exempt motions to adjourn or to lay on the table and when it is moved the first question shall be Shall the call for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority vote in the affirmative the motionto adjourn or to lay on the table can still be made but they must be made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative and after said last question is affirmatively decided by a mapority vote said motions will be out of order and the Senate cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives
Rule 60 When the previous question has beeu ordered the Senate shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill
36
or other measure is under consideration to close the debate When the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before the time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such Senators as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule
Rule 61 After the main question is ordered any Senator may call for a division of the Senate in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays but on all questions on which the yeas and nays are called the assent of onefifth of the number present shall be necessary to sustain the call and when such call is sustained the yeas and nays shall be entered on the Journal
Rule 62 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the Senate to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 63 After the main question has been ordered a motion to reconsider this action will if adopted have the effect to repeal the ordering of both the main question and the previous question and will leave the pending measure again open to debate and amendment This motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question can be made only once and if lost or if the main question is again subsequently ordered on the pending measure no second motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question shall be entertained
Vote how taken
Yeas and nays Onefifth necssary
Effect of man qetion being ordered
Reconsideration when in order
37
Contested
elections
How called and ordered
Call of the Senate when in order
Questions of order
Effect
Not amendable
Rule 64 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any matter if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member of said committee whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 65 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Rule 66 A call of the Senate shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the President that a quorum is not present
Rule 67 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Rule 68 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Rule 69 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
38
Rule 70 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 71 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has once been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 72 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strietly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another This motion cannot be renewed or made a second time to the same measure on the same day
Rule 73 The motion to postpone to a day certain cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but only to the whole measure It is amendable by substituting one day or time for another If a day proposed is known to be beyond the limits of the Session the motion shall be treated as one to indefinitely postpone
MOTION TO COMMIT
Rule 74 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee
When cannot he applied
Not renewed
Dehate when and how allowed
Motion to commit
39
Prece derice o
When debatable
How
amended
Motion to recommit
Amend ments how made
Bill first perfected then the substitute
Rule 75 A motion to commit to a standing committe6 takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on
Rule 76 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions re added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 77 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the Senator mak ing the motion
Rule 78 Any proposition that has been referrec to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any othei committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTION TO AMEND
Rule 79 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2d By striking out words
3d By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 80 When a bill or resolution is befdre the Senate for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the Senate to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the
40
affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 81 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the Senate unless said action of the Senate in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Rule 82 All motions to amend any matter before the Senate must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amend ment shall be inserted or added
Rule 83 On all questions whether in committee or in the Senate the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 84 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 85 The caption or preamble of a bill oi resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Rule 86 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the Senate shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Secretary in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was
WJien too late to amend
Must be in writing
Priority
Blanks
Caption
when
amended
Amending by sections
41
Vmendfnents by striking1 out and inserting
Priority of amendment to perfect
mending
Souse
amend
ments
See Rule 130
Priority
Priority of questions on House amendments
referred shall be read by the Secretary without any motion being made in the Senate and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur back and amend it
Rule 87 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Secretary shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 88 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a paragraph any amendment offered to perfect the paragraph shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
Rule 89 When any bill or resolution which originated in the Senate has been amended in the House and is before the Senate for action on the House amendment an amendment may be offered in the Senate to the House amendment but the Senate amendment to the House amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 90 A motion to amend an amendment made by the House to a Senate bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Rule 91 The questions which arise before the Senate respecting amendments by the House to a Senate bill or resolution are
1st A motion to agree to the House amendment
2d Amotion to disagree to the House amendment
3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
42
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order
RECONSIDERATION
Rule 92 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any Senator to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter has been previously reconsidered provided such Senator shall notify the Senate of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed
Rule 93 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Rule 94 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Rule 95 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the time for unanimous consents on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Provided a motion to reconsider the action of the Senate ordering immediate transmission of any bill or resolution to the House shall be made and disposed of before the transaction of other business
Rule 96 The action of the Senate upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
Rule 97 All bills reconsidered shall take their
Motion to reconsider
Shall not he
withdrawn
when
When there may be one reconsideration
When in order
Amendments when reconsidered
Place on calendar
43
Morning
rollcall
dispensed
with by
majority
vote
Names of absentees noted
Sergeantatarms Power to compel attendance
Call how ordered
Subsequent
proceedings
X
place at the foot of calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
ABSENTEES
Rule 98 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the Senate shall not be dispensed with except by a majority vote of the Senators present
Rule 99 Upon the call of the Senators ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Secretary and shall appear upon the Journal
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 100 The power to compel the attendance of Senators in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the President and to this end he may have the doors of the Senate closed When the doors are so closed no Senator shall be allowed to retire from the Senate without first obtaining leave from the Senate
The Messenger of the Senate shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the Senate and on order of the President may arrest any absentees and bring them before the Senate when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE SENATE
Rule 101 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present or when the President shall officially state the fact to the Senate it shall be in order for any Senator to make a motion for a call of the Senate and when this motion is made the President shall state the question as follows hall the motion for the call of the Senate prevail and if five of the Senators present shall vote in the affirmative the President shall order the Secretary to call the
roll of Senators and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the Senators present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the Senate shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 102 When a message is sent to the Senate it shall be announced at the door of the Senate by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 103 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce vote is being taken A message shall be presented to the Senate by the President when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business on which the Senate is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the Senate
Rule 104 After a motion is stated by the President or read by the Secretary it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Senate but may be withdrawn at any time before decision by consent of the Senate
Rule 105 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the peti
Messages
Messages when received and considered
Motions
Petitions
memoris
etc
No debate
Motions not privileged
Record
Not neceS sary to second motion
Committees how and when enlarged
Privileges of the floor
tioner meomrilist or remonstrant whieh shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Rule 106 Any motion to suspend the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate
Rule 107 Any motion not privileged containing new matter shall lie at least one day on the table
Rule 108 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Secretary shali also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Rule 109 Where a motion is made by any Senator it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the Senate
Rule 110 After the announcement of the standing committees no other Senators shall be placed thereon unless it be at the request of a majority of the committee to be added thereto except when Senators have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the President may assign said Senators to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 111 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the Senate except the Senators and officers of the Senate tfye officers and members of the House the President of the United States and Cabinet members the Governor of the State and the heads of the offices of the Executive Department exGovernors Judges of the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals in actual commission expresiding officers of the Senate and House members of Congress from Georgia Governors and members of the
46
Legislature of any State of tlie United States members of the press actually reporting legislative proceedings and such others as the Senate may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor but the privilege of the foor shall be extended to no person for a period longer than two days and not more than twice during any session
Rule 112 It shall be the duty of the committee on Duty of
y i Committee
Journals to read the Journal of each day s proceed Gn journals ings and report to the Senate that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Secretary
Rule 113 The hours of the morning sessions of Adjournthe Senate shall be from 10 oclock A M to one oclock Pi M when the Senate shall stand adjourned until tenfOclock A M of the next succeeding day Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 114 A motion for the call of the yeas and yeas and nays shall be decided without debate debatable
Rule 115 All writs warrants subpoenas issued signature of bv order of the Senate shall be signed by the Pres and sec
rtftTy
ident and attested by the Secretary
Rule 116 It shall be the duty of the Messenger
to attend to the wants of the Senate while in ses Messenger sion to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the President and to execute the demands of the Senate from time to timetogether with all such processes issued under its authority as
may be directed to him by the President Messen
J o gers duty n
Rule 117 The Messenger under the direction of distributing the Secretary shall superintend the distribution by etc
47
Interlineation forbidden
Pairing
Committee of Conference
Amend
ments
Free debate
the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members be shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Rule 118 No committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendments recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendments relate
Rule 119 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Rule 120 Whenever any Senator moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the President shall appoint a committee on the part of the Senate and in such case the committee shall consist only of such Senators as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the Senate and if by inadvertence any Senator he nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the Senate and be excused by the President
Rue 121 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the Senate it may he amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the Senate but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 122 No Senator shall after debating any question and before yielding the floor be allowed to submit any motion the effect of which shall be to prevent further debate
48
Rule 123 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under
Motion
color of amendment If a motion be made to strike out a part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend the part proposed to be stricken out shall be first in order
Rule 124 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make Majority
I and minor
a report m writing setting forth succinctly the rea ty reports sons for their dissent
Rule 125 Every motion for information from the Executive or other Departments shall lie on the tonltion table one day unless referred to a committee by vote table of the Senate
Rule 126 On the call of the yeas and nays the changing Secretary shall read the names of the Senators after votes they have been called and no Senator shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 127 Questions of privilege shall be first Questions or those affecting the rights of the Senate collectively prlvilegeits safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of Senators individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions Provided that when any matter is pending before the Senate no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question is disposed of
Rule 128 In all elections a majority of the Sen Election ators present shall be necessary to a choice
49
Appropriating money yeas and nays called and recorded Must originate in House Representatves
Amendment to Constitution entered in full in journals
Caption or title only to be read in local bills
Secretary to take oath and give bond
Oath of enrolling and engrossing Clerks
Rule 129 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays are called and recorded All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money must originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Rule 130 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal and when any amendment to the Constitution shall be agreed to by a twothirds vote of members elected such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on the Journal in full with the yeas and nays taken thereon
Rule 131 The first and second reading of local bills shall consist of the reading of the titles only unless said bill js ordered engrossed
Rule 132 The Secretary aijd Assistant Secretary shall before entering on their duties as such take an oath before their presiding officer to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge and the Secretary shall enter into bond in the sum of 5000 conditioned for faithful discharge of his duties Said bond to be approved by President of Senate
Rule 133 All engrossing and enrolling clerks before entering upon the discharge of their respective duties shall take an oath before the President of Senate to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge of which a minute shall be made and entered on the Journals and no journalizing recording enrolling or en
grossing clerk shall beappointed by the Secretary of Senate until such clerk has been examined by the Enrolling Committee and certified to be competent and well qualified for the discharge of the duties required of him and shall be removed at any time upon recommendation of the Enrolling Committee
Must be examined by enrolling committee and be recommended by it as competent
Rule 134 When there is a meeting of both branches of the General Assembly in joint session the Secretary shall enter in the journal of the Senate the proceedings of the same
Secretary must enter on journals proceedings of joint sessions
COMMITTEES
Rule 135 The President shall appoint the following standing committees
Committee on Academy for the Blind
Committee on Agriculture
Committee on Appropriations
Committee on Auditing
Committee on Banks
Committee on Commerce and Labor
Committee on Congressional and Legislative Re apportionment
Committee on Constitutional Amendments Committee on Corporations
Committee on Counties and County Matters Committee on Drainage
Committee on Education and Public Schools Committee on Engrossing
Committee on Enrollment
Committee on Finance
Committee on Game and Fish
Committee on Hall and Rooms
Committee on Hygiene and Sanitation
Committee on Insurance
51
Committee on Internal Improvements
Committee on Journals
Committee on Judiciary No 1 for consideration of general bills
Committee on Judiciary No 2 for consideration of general bills
Committee on judiciary for consideration of special or local bills
Committee on Manufactures
Committee on Military Affairs
Committee on Mines and Mining
Committee on Penitentiary
Committee on Pensions
Committee on Privileges and Elections
Committee on Privileges of the Floor
Committee on Public Library
Committee on Public Printing
Committee on Public Property
Committee on Public Roads
Committee on Railrdads
Committee on Rules of which the President shall be exofficio Chairman
Committee on School for the Deaf
Committee on State of the Republic
Committee on State Sanitarium
Committee on Temperance
Committee on Tuberculosis Sanitarium
Committee on Uniform Laws
Committee on University of Georgia
Committee on W A Railroad
The Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Finance and the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Finance shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
52
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 136 The following shall be the order of business
1 Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of Committee on Journals
4 Notices of motions to reconsider
5 Reading the Journal
6 Motions to reconsider
7 Confirmation of the Journal
8 Unanimous consents
9 Reports of Standing Committees
10 Reports of Select Committees
11 Messages from the Governor
12 Unfinished business
13 Special Orders and Orders of the Day
14 Messages from the House of Representatives J5 Introduction of bills etc the first time on
Mondays Wednesdays and Thursdays
16 Reading House Bills etc the first time for
reference
17 Reading bills etc second time favorably re
ported from committees
18 Consideration of bills etc adversely reported
on Tuesdays and Fridays
19 Reading for third time of bills etc ready for
passage
20 Motions resolutions and petitions
Rule 137 The report of the Committee on Rules shall be in order at any time and messages from the Governor or from the House of Representatives may be received under any order of business
Rule 138 No change of or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addi
53
tion be submitted in writing and referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the Senate
Rule 139 The rules of the Senate shall in no ease be suspended or changed of the order of business changed except by a twothirds vote a quorum of the Senate being present and voting
Rule 140 The Auditing Committee before auditing the account of any Senator for expenses as a Commitfeeman or incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of the Senate shall require of him an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item whenever the same is practicable
Rule 141 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
54
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SENATE IN EXECUTIVE SESSION
1 When nominations shall be made by the Governor to the Senate a future day shall be assigned for their consideration unless the Senate directs otherwise
2 When acting on executive business the Senate shall be cleared of all persons except the Senators the Secretary and Assistant Secretary
3 All information or remarks touching or con
cerning the character or qualifications of any person nominated by the Governor for office shall be kept secret
4 The Legislative and Executive proceedings of the Senate shall be kept in separate and distinct books
5 All nominations approved by the Senate or otherwise definitely acted on shall be transmitted by the Secretary to the Governor with the determination of the Senate thereon from day to day as such proceedings may occur but no further extract from the Executive Journal shall be furnished published or otherwise communicated during any session except by special order of the Senate and in transmitting the determination of the Senate thereon the Secretary shall in no instance furnish a list of the names of Senators voting in the affirmative or neyative but only the fact of confirmation or rejection and the numerical vote and the record of votes shall be sealed and transmitted to the Secretary of States office there to be placed on file
55
6 A majority of a quorum shall be necessary to confirm the nomination to any office made by the Governor and sent to the Senate for approval When nominations are made by the Governor for any office which require the assent and approval of the Senate in executive session after the Secretary shall read the name of the party nominated and the position to which he is appointed the President shall put to the Senate the following uttShall the nomination of the Governor be confirmed by the Senate Those who favor the confirmation will as your names are called vote Aye those opposed vote No After the roll is called the President will announce the result of the ballot and declare the result as follows
It appears from the vote that a majority of the Senators have voted to confirm the appointment made by the Governor the same is hereby confirmed by the Senate or A majority of the Senators have voted against the confirmation of the nomination made by the Governor it is therefore rejected by the Senate
7 No Senator will be at liberty at any time or under any circumstances to expose or publish anything transpiring in executive session except only such matters as are required to be disclosed under the rules It is the intent and meaning of this rule that the business transacted in executive session shall be sacred and free from exposure to the outside world and that every Senator shall be on his honor concerning the same
56
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN ASSEMBLED IN JOINT SESSION
1 The time of the meeting of the two houses in joint session shall be determined by the concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law
2 The elections shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases provide and declare the result
ident of the Senate shall in such cases preside and at the same time and a majority of the whole number of votes cast is necessary to a choice
4 The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet in joint session in the hall of the House of Representatives on the first Monday of every session at 10 oclock a m or at such time as may He fixed by joint resolution of both houses for the purpose of electing such officers of said State as are now or may hereafter be required to be elected by the General Assembly Said joint session shall continue in morning and afternoon sessions from day to day until all of said officers are elected
5 At the hour determined by the concurrent resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives
57
6 The President of the Senate shall preside hud announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening the same He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may be taken from any of his decisions to the whole General Assembly
7 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate
8 In aceouneing a candidate the mover shall not make any commendatory or other remarks
9 After a person is nominated for any office in joint session of the General Assembly it shall not be in order to second such nomination and when the nomination is declared closed the President shall forthwith order the rollcall and each member when called shall rise in his seat and respond promptly announcing ditinctly his choice for such office
10 In the elections by the General Assembly no member after having voted shall be allowed to change his vote unless he will rise and state in his place that he voted by mistake or that his vote has been recorded by mistake
11 No debate shall be in order except as to ques tions of order
12 No motion to adjourn shall be in order Iq lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in the form That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved or That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence of the former
13 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall always be in
58
order except that after the call of the roll has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate
14 When a motion to dissolve the joint session shall be decided in the negative the same shall not again be in order until other business shall have intervened
15 When a motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or to a fixed time shall be decided in the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber
16 The majority of each house shall be necessary fo constitute a quorum of the joint session
17 These rules may be amended by the concurrent resolution of the two houses and they or either of them shall cease to be in force when either house shall notify the other house of the withdrawal of its consent to the same
9

Officers and Members of the House of Representatives
I
OFFICERS
of the
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
1919 and 1920
JNO N HOLDER of JacksonSpeaker
J H MILNER of Dodge Speaker Pro Tem
E B MOORE of DeKalbClerk
xFRED T BRIDGES of LaurensReading Clerk
M A NEVIN of FultonJournal Clerk
W M REDMAN of ButtsCalendar Clerk
Y H HAYNES of GordonMessenger
W T MORRIS of TalbotIDoorkeeper
Vice Homer Legg Resigned xViee A G Harris Jr Resigned Vice Jno W Bale Resigned
MEMBERS
OF THE
House of Representatives of Georgia
WITH
COUNTY AND POSTOFFICE 19191920
NAMES OF COUNTIES ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED
County
Name
Postoffice
Appling J W Johnson Baxley
Atkinson Ohas E StewartAxson
Bacon A Minchew Alma
Baker uD F WalkerElmodel
Baldwin Kyle T AlfriendMilledgeville
Banks O N HardenHomer
BarrowG A JohnsWinder
Bartow W D TrippeTaylorsville
Bartow M L JohnsonCass Station
Ben TTill A H ThurmondFitzgerald
BerrienJ P KnightNashville
Bibb R W BarnesMacon
Bibb T J Cochran1Macon
Bibb fHarry S StrozierMacon
BleckleyJ S WynneChester
Brooks Burton L Weston Quitman
Brooks 1C H RamseyDixie
Bryan P I RimesLanier
Bulloch J E BrannenStilson
Bulloch J W WilliamsStatesboro
Burke G O BuxtonGirard
Burke Jos Law Waynesboro
ButtsJ T MooreJackson
Calhoun W E HarvinDickey
Camden Burwell AtkinsonWaverly
Campbell R D TatumPalmetto
Candler Chas Emory SmithMetter
Carroll J T HixonVilla Rica 1
CarrollJ L SmithCarrollton
CatoosaW C HullenderRinggold
CharltonL KnabbMoniac
ChathamuJ Hammond EveSavannah
Vice J G McCall Resigned
65

Comity
Chatham
Chatham
Chattahoochee
Chattooga
Cherokee
Clarke
Clarke
Clay
Clayton
Clinch
Cobb
Cobb
Coffee
Colquitt
Columbia
Cook
Coweta
Coweta
Crawford
Crisp
Dade
Dawson
Decatur
Decatur
DeKalb
DeKalb
Dodge
Dooly
Dougherty
Douglas
Early
Echols
Effingham
Elbert
Elbert
Emanuel
Emanuel
Evans
Fannin
Fayette
Floyd
Floyd
Floyd
Forsyth
Franklin
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Gilmer
Glascock
Names Postoffice
Baiford Falligant Savannah
Alex Lawrence Savannah
E F Johnson Box Springs
T J Anderson Holland
Howell Brooke Canton
L C Brown Athens
Toombs DuBose Athens
Zach Arnold Fort Gaines
vJl 0 Blalock Jonesboro
S Biirkhalter HomerviWe
G M Dobbs Marietta
G B Gann Marietta
J W Quincey Douglas
W A Covington Moultrie
H D Bamsey Harlem
H L Parrish Adel
J T Kirby Newnan
Jesse B Cole Haralson
B L Dickey Musella
B H Palmer Cordele
W TV Tfltiim Trenton
P T Dpncan Gainesville BFD 10
J W Callahan Bainbridge
E H Griffin Bainbridge
Paul L Lipdsay Tucker
Carl N Guess Stone Mountain
J H Milner Eastman
W H Lasseter Vienna
W H Burt Albany
W B Willoughby Villa Bica
C S Middleton Blakely
W F Corbett Statenville
J W Beiser Clyo EFD No 2
Z B Bogers Elberton
Thos M Swift Sr Elberton
1 S Woods Swainsboro
B Lewis Brinson Jr Stillmore
B E DeLoaeh Claxton
W W Woody Bliie Bidge
J W Culpepper Fayetteville
Jno Camp Davis Borne
Harper Hamilton Borne
B H Copeland Borne BFD No 3
C Mcpaniel Cumming
Joe H Gunnells Commerce
Walter C Hendrix Atlanta
Tohn Y Smith Atlanta
Virlyn B MoOre Atlanta
S 6 Penisnd Ellijay
Thos G Kent Mitchell
Vice T J Worsham Deceased Vice Jno W Bale Besigned
66
County Names Postoffice
Glynn B F Mann Brunswick
T M Owen Calhoun EFD
Grady Jeff A Pope Cairo
Greene J Hart Sibley Union Point
Gwinnett A T Green Lawrenceville
Gwinnett G F Kelley Lawrenceville
Habersham Jas H Grant JAlto
Hall 1 F Duneau Flowery Branch
Hall J E Plmour Gainesville
Hancock Jno C Lewis Sparta
Haralson Taylor Smith Bremen
Harris 0 I Hudson Sr Hamilton
Hart iJt S Mason Hartwell
Heard J W Daniels Franklin
Henry 1 W A Beliak Stockbridge
Houston E N Holtzclaw Perrv
Houston j C C Eichardson Byron
Irwin r Wm A Tanker si ey Ocilla
Jackson H P DeLaPerriere Hoschton
Jackson J N Holder Jefferson
Jasper Harvie Jordan Monticello
Jeff Davis W L Stone Hazelhurst
Jefferson Jas King Wrens
Jenkins A S Anderson Millen
Johnson u W D Sumner Spann
Jones J B Jackson Gray
Laurens W B Eogers Dublin
Laurens L Q Stubbs Dublin
Lee J D Clifton Leesburg
Liberty J A Smiley Smiley
Lincoln John M Bussey Lincolnton
Lowndes 0 K Jones Valdosta
Lowndes G A Whitaker Valdosta
Lumpkin H Hyersi dzi Dahlonega
McDuffie J Glenn Stovall Thomson
McIntosh Jno D Clarke Darien
Macon H N Gkllaher Montezuma
Madison T J N B Thompson Comer
Marion A S Boyett Buena Vista
Meriwether JJAT D Jous Woodbury
Meriwether W E Smith Manchester
Miller Jno E Williams Colquitt
Milton J H Manning Alpharetta
Mitchell 0 B Bush Pelham
Monroe E H Holmes Culloden
Montgomery D 0 Calhoun Tarry town
Morgan E E Lambert Madison
Murray J J Bates Spring Placo
Muscogee it Howell Hollis Columbus
Muscogee r W C Neill i Columbus
Muscogee Ed WohlwOnder Columbus
Vice E W Moore deceased
Vice J E Justiss Eesigned 67
I
County Names Postoffice
Newton E W AdamsMansfield
Oconee Robt W HaynieBogart
Oglethorpe P W Davis SrLexington
PauldingB H GwenDallas
PickensWill RichardsJasper
Pierce S P Sweat Blaekshear
Pike 1S S BarrettMeansville
Polk W W Mundy Cedartown
Pulaski JHoward E CoatesHawkinsville
Putman J O WallEatonton
Quitman R A LeeHatchers
Rabun C E CannonClayton
Randolph R L MoyeCuthbert
RichmondE B RevilleBlythe
RichmondW R McDonald Augusta
Richmond Mose B PilcherAugusta
Rockdale AArthur Whitaker 1 Conyers
SchleyJ T Royal Ellaville
Screven J C HollingworthSylvania
Spalding1J P Nichols JrGriffin
Stephens DeWitt OwenToceoa
Stewart W S BoyettLumpkin
Sumter Stephen PaceAmericus
Sumter Ed Timmerman Plains
Talbot A J Perryman JrTalbotton
Taliaferro W W BirdCrawfordville
Tattnall W H PurcellGlennville
Taylor R A HintonReynolds
Telfair Fred A SmithMcRae
Terrell O G CranfordSasser
Thomas W Irwin MacIntyreThomasville
Thomas J M JonesBoston
TiftL E BowenTifton
Toombs GW LankfordLyons
Towns T K JacksonYoung Harris
Treutlen Geo M BarwickSoperton
Troup Frank P LongleyLaGrange
Troup Lee B WyattLaGrange
Turner Lott Warren Sycamore
Twiggs J D Shannon Jeffersonville
Union J C DyerBlairsville
UpsonB G McKenneyThe Rock
Walker J R McFarlandRossville
Walton E M WilliamsMonroe
Walton Jno H AdamsSocial Circle
WareW A SeamanIWaycross
WareJ L Sweat Waycross
WarrenR W WareWarrenton
Washington W R HodgesSandersyille
Washington T Jeff Swint Sandersville
Wayne A J NicholsJesup
Webster 11Geo S ReesPreston
68
County Names Postoffice
Wheeler R F JordanGlenwood
WhiteJ J KimseyRobertstown
Whitfield N A BradfordDalton
Wilcox Sam 1 B ReidRochelle
Wilkes J T LindseyWashington
Wilkes Boyee Ficklen SrWashington
WilkinsonG H CarswellIrwinton
Worth Green B WilliamsSylvester
69

X

Standing Committees of the House of Representatives
Standing Committees of the House of Representatives
ACADEMY FOE THE BLIND
MDonald Chairman Barrett Brooke Cannon Coates
Duncan of Dawson
Hullender
Kimsey
King
Lee
McKenney
Mundy
Nichols of Wayne AMENDMENTS TO Griffin Chairman Arnold Brooke Brown Carswell Coates Covington Davis of Floyd DuBose Harvin Hendrix Holtzclaw Jackson of Jones
Cochran VChairman Perryman Eees Royal Stone Sumner
Sweat of Pierce Tanker sley Ware
Warren
Woods
Wyatt
THE CONSTITUTION Lindsay of DeKalh
VChairman
Johns
Johnson of Bartow
Jordan of jasper
Kelley
Knight
Lankford
Lasseter
Lawrence
Lewis
Moore of Butts Pace

Palmour of Hall
Smith of Haralson
Stewart
Strozier
Stubbs
Sweat of Pierce
APPROPRIATIONS
Carswell Chairman DuBose VChairman
Alfriend Lawrence
Anderson of Jenkins Lewis
Brinson MacIntyre
Burt McDonald
Bussey Middleton
Covington Moore of Butts
Davis of Floyd Moore of Fulton
Davis of Oglethorpe Y Pace
De La Perriere Palmour of Hall
Dickey Parrish
Gann Perryman
Griffin Reville
Guess Richards
Hamilton Richardson
Hixon Rogers of Elbert
Hodges Sibley
Hollingsworth Stewart
Hyers Stovall
Johns Tatum of Campbell
Johnson of Bartow Thompson
Jones of Lowndes Trippe
Kelley Weston
Kirby Williams of Walton
Law Williams of Worth
Sweat of Ware
Swint
Weston
Williams of Worth Wohlwender
74
AUDITING
Reiser Chairman Duncan of Hall
Bellah VChairman
Brooke Richardson
Bussey Sumner
Cannon Walker
Corbett Woods
Reid
BANKS AND BANKING
isETER Chairman Callahan VChairman
Barnes Jones of Lowndes
Bird Jones of Thomas
Bowen Lewis
Carswell Manning
Davis of Oglethorpe Milner f
De La Perriere Nichols of Spalding
Dickey Pace
DuBose Parrish
Ficklen Pope
Gallaher Rogers of Laurens
Hinton Smith of Jeriwether
Holmes Sweat of Ware
Hllender Thurmond
CONSERVATION
5TKF0RD Chairman Guess7 VChairman
Adams of Newton Gallaher
Brooke Hollingsworth
Burkhalter Hyers
Buxton Jones of Thomas
Cole Jordan of Jasper
Dobbs Mason
75

Nichols of Wayne Swint
Parrish Wall
Purcell Warren
Richards Woods
Smith Wynne
Stovall
CORPORATIONS
Hixon Chairman Timmerman VChairman
Atkinson
Barnes
Boyett of Marion
Bush
Buxton
DeLoach
Dyer
Hamilton
Haynie
Jackson of Towns Jordan of Wheeler
Knabb
McKenney
McDaniel
Owen of Gordon
Ramsey of Columbia
Rimes
Shannon
Smith of Candler Strozier Trippe Wynne
t
Kelley
COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS
Lindsay of DeKalb
VChairman
Tatum of Campbell Chairman Adams of WaltonAnderson of Chattooga Barwick Bellah Callahan De La Perriere Duncan of Hall Dupcan of Dawson Gunnells Harden Hendrix Holmes
Hyers
Lee
Lindsey of Wilkes
McFarland
Moye
Owen of Paulding Pilcher
Rogers of Laurens Seaman
Sweat of Pierce Swift
76
9

DRAINAGE
Green Chairman Callahan Clarke Cochran DuBose Gunnells Hamilton Kent King
McKenney
Mann
Manning
Nichols of Spalding
Gann VChairman Pilcher Purcell Rimes Seaman
Smith of Carroll Stone
Sweat of Ware
Swift
Thurmond
Timmerman
Williams of Waltoi
EDUCATION
Alfriend Chairman Brannen Brinson
Corbett
Culpepper
Falligant
Ficklen
Hinton
Hodges
Johns
Johnson of Bartow
Kent
Manning
Haynie VChairman Mann
Moore of Fulton Moye
Nichols of Wayne
Rees
Reiser
Rogers of Elbert Shannon
Smith of Haralson Ware
Williams of Miller Willoughby
77
I
ENGROSSING
Pope Chairman
Adams of Walton Blalock
Boyett of Marion
Brannen
Bush
Corbett
Dobbs
Griffin
Hyers
Jackson of Towns
Woody VChairman Jones of Meriwether Johnson of Chattahoochee Parrish Quincey
Ramsey of Columbia Rogers of Laurens Smith of Candler Stovall
Williams of Miller
ENROLLMENT

Hullender Chairman Clarke Copeland Dyer Green Guess Harvin Harden Hollingsworth J ohns Knight
Owen of Paulding
VChairman
Lasseter
Moye
Pilcher
Ramsey of Brooks Thurmond Trippe j Whitaker of Rockdale Williams of Worth
EXCUSESOF MEMBERS
Clarke Chairman Alfriend Brannen Hinton
Jordan of Wheeler Jones of Lowndes King
Middleton VChairman Kirby
Moore of Butts Owen of Gordon Seaman
Williams of Bulloch
78
GAME AND FISH
Wyatt Chairman Atkinson Bird Brannen Brown Burkhalter Calhoun Clarke Eve Hudson
Jones of Lowndes Johnson of Chattahoochee
Falligant VChairman Kirby Kimsey Knabb Lee Mann Middleton Nichols of Wayne Palmer of Crisp Reiser Smiley Stone
Williams of Walton
GENERAL AGRICULTURE No 1 Johnson of Bartow
Chairman Anderson of
Chattooga Boyett of Stewart Bradford Brannen Bussey Clifton Copeland Corbett DeLoach Dickey DuBose Dyer Eve
Guhnells
Hodges
Haevin VChairman Jackson of Towns Johnson of Chattahoochee
Jordan of Wheeler Kent
Lindsey of Wilkes McKenney Manning Moore of Fulton Nichols of Wayne Penland Purcell
Ramsey of Columbia Reid Rimes
Rogers of Laurens Seaman

79
I
Sibley Whitaker of Rockdale
Smiley Williams of Miller
Tankersley Williams of Bulloch
Tatum of Dade Willoughby
Timmerman Woods
Wall Wynne
Walker GENERAL AGRICULTURE No 2
Jordan of Jasper Thompson VChairman
Chairman Hllender
Adams of Walton Johnson of Appling
Arnold King
Barrett Kirby
Bar wick Knabb
Bates Lambert
Bellah Law
Blalock McDaniel
Boyett of Marion MacIntyre
Brown Minchew
Brooke Nichols of Spalding
Burkhalter Owen of Gordon
Buxton Pace
Clarke Parrish
Covington Ramsey of Brooks
Cranford Reiser
Duncan of Dawson Royal V
Duncan of Hall ptewart
De La Perriere Stone
Grant Stubbs
Green Sumner
Griffin Swift
Hinton Tatum of Campbell
Hixon Trippe Wyatt
Holmes
Hudson
80
GENERAL JULICIARY No 1
Siith of Fulton Coates VChairman
Chairman McDonald
Arnold Moore of Butts
Barnes Moye
Corbett Owen of Stephens
Covington Perryman
Culpepper Pope
Davis of Floyd Shannon
Gann Smith of Candler
Hollingsworth Smith of Carroll
Holtzclaw Smith of Haralson
Johns Stubbs
Kelley Sweat of Ware
Knight Swint
Lambert Ware
Lasseter Weston
Lawrence Williams of Miller
Lewis Wohlwender
Lindsay of DeKalb Wyatt
GENERAL JUDICIARY No 2
Pace Chairman Mundy VChairman
Anderson of Jenkins Hendrix
Brooke Hollis
Burt Jackson of Jones
Burkhalter Lankford
Carswell Law
Cochran Lindsey of Wilkes
Davis of Oglethorpe Longley
Dobbs MacIntyre
Falligant Mason
Guess Milner
Harden
S
81
Moore of Fulton
Neill
Quincey
Ramsey of Brooks Richardson Rogers of Elbert
Seaman
Smith of Meriwether
Stovall
Strozier
Whitaker of Lowndes Woody
GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Bbinson Chairman Adams ofWalton Anderson of
Chattooga Anderson of Jenkins Atkinson Bates Bowen Dyer Guess Grant Hodges Holmes
Copeland VChairman Jackson of Towns Jones of Thomas Jordan of Wheeler McDaniel McFarland Owen of Paulding Ramsey of Brooks Reid
Smith of Carroll Stubbs Swint
GEORGIA STATE SANITARIUM
Rogebs of Elbert
Chairman Adams of Newton Alfriend Atkinson Barwick
Boyett of Marion
Bush
Buxton
Cranford
Daniels
Duncan of Hall Gunnells
Harden
Holtzclaw
i Johnson of Appling Manning Owen of Gordon Pilcher
Smith of Telfair
Sweat of Pierce
Swift
Wail
Warren
Woody
HALLS AND ROOMS
Johnson of Appling Boyett of Stewart
Chairman VChairman
Adams of Walton Reville
Alfriend Royal
Blalock Stone
Jackson of Jones Sumner
Johns Walker
Kent Wall
Law Wynne
Ramsey of Brooks
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Bush Chairman Harden VChairman
Arnold Jordan of Jasper
Atkinson McDaniel
Barrett Middleton
Barwick Moye
Bowen Nichols of Wayne
Boyett of Marion Perryman
Bussey Pope
Corbett Ramsey of Brooks
Cranford Reville
Daniels Sumner
Gallaher Jackson of Jones Williams of Bulloch
INSURANCE
Law Chairman Richardson VChairman
Arnold Gunnells
Bowen Hodges
Daniels Hullender
Ficklen Jones of Thomas
Gallaher Jordan of Wheeler
83
Knight
Lindsay of DeKalb Lindsey of Wilkes Milner Neill
Nichols of Wayne Palmer of Crisp
Parrish
Rogers of Elbert Sibley
Smith of Meriwether Tatum of Dade Thompson
INVALID PENSIONS AND SOLDIERS HOME
Bradford Chairman Sweat of Ware
Anderson of VChairman
Chattooga Jones of Lowndes
Boyett of Stewart Knabb
Buxton McDaniel
Calhoun Owen of Gordon
Cannon Pope
Corbett Reid
Culpepper Sumner
Picklen Swint
Grant Wyatt
Hudson Wynne
JOURNALS
Ficklen Chairman Burkhalter Hllender Johns
Johnson of Chattahoochee Kent Knabb
Woods VChairman Knight Longley Tatum of Dade Thompson
Whitaker of Lowndes Wynne
T A RPR AND LABOR STATISTICS
Stewart Chairman Bellah VChaiiTnan
Arnold of Clay Middleton
Brown Palmour of Hall
Bush Perryman
Eve Pope
Falligant Purcell
Griffin of Decatur Ramsey of Brooks
Hendrix Ramsey of Columbia
Kelley Smith of Haralson
Knight Strozier
Lindsay of DeKalb Wohlwender
McDonald Woods
LEGISLATIVE AND CONGRESSIONAL
REAPPORTIONMENT
Brown op dark Dickey VChairman
Chairman Mundy
Clarke Royal
Hixon Smith of Telfair
Hodges Stewart
Kelley Tatum of Campbell
Longley
MANUFACTURES
Eye Chairman Hendrix VChairman
Bates Lankford
Bird McDonald
Blalock Rimes
Coates Stone
Cole Swift
Green Williams of Walton
Kimsey Williams of Worth
Knabb Willoughby
85

L
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Anderson of Jenkins Chairman Boyett of Stewart Cannon Eve
Falligant
Ficklen
Jackson of Jones
Jordan
Lankford
Moye
Neill
Owen of Stephens
Barnes VChairman Palmer of Crisp Palmonr of Hall Purcell
Rogers of Laurens
Sibley
Smiley
Smith of Carroll Stubbs
Sweat of Ware Timmerman Whitaker of Rockdale
MINES AND MINING
Kimsey Chairman Bates Cannon Cole
Duncan of Dawson
Dyer
Gann
Grant
Guess
Hyers VChairman Jackson qf Towns McFarland Owen of Stephens Palmour of Hall Richards Tankersley Woody
MUNICIPAL Jackson of Jones
Chairman Adams of Newton Bowen
Bqyett of Stewart Burt
Duncan of Hall Eve
GOVERNMENT
Strozier VChairman Holtzclaw Jones of Thomas Johnson of Chattahoochee King Lambert Longley
86
I
Mann Quincey
Moore of Fulton Reville
Nichols 6 Spalding Smith of Meriwether
Owen of Stphens Thurmond
Palmer of Crisp Ware
Pilcher Wyatt
PENITENTIARY
Knight Chairman Perryman VChairman
Alfriend Kent
Anderson of Kimsey
Chattooga Knabb
Bird Lindsey of Wilkes
Blalpck McDaniel
Boyett of Marion McFarland
Bradford Manning
Bush Middleton
Cannon Minchew
Clifton Nichols of Spalding
Copeland Owen of Gordon
Cranford Owen of Paulding
Daniels Parrish
Davis of Floyd Penland
Duncan of Dawson Pilcher
Dyer Purcell
Gann Ramsey of Columbia
Grant Reid
Guess Richards
Harden Rimes
Harvin Smiley
Hixon Smith of Telfair
Hodges Sweat of Pierce
Jacksn of Towns Tankersley
Jones of Meriwether Trippe
Johnson of Appling Wall
87
Walker Williams of Walton
Ware Williams of Worth
Warren Wohlwender
Whitaker of Rockdale Woods
Williams of Miller Woody
PENSIONS
Swint Chairman Bxjxton VChairman
Anderson of Jenkins Rees
Bates Reiser
Boyett of Stewart Royal
Bradford Smiley
Burt Swift
Cannon Tankersley
Gallaher Ware
Harvin Warren
Hollis Weston
Hudson Willoughby
Jackson of Towns Woody
Jordan of Wheeler PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS
Kelley Chairman Hinton VChairman
Anderson of Knight
Chattooga Mann
Atkinson Manning
Barrett Milner
Carswell Mundy
Cole Neill
Culpepper Penland
Eve Smith of Fulton
Harden Smith of Haralson
Haynie Walker
Jordan of Jasper Williams of Worth
King Wohlwender
88
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR
Smith of Telfair
Chairman
Bellah
Calhoun
Cochran
Dickey
Johnson of Bartow Kent
Gunnells VChairman Minchew Neill
Palmer of Crisp
Reid
Smiley
Tankersley
Whitaker of Lowndes
PUBLIC HIGHWAYS
DuBose Chairman Brown Covington De La Perriere Duncan of Hall Eve
Gunnells
Hendrix
Klmsey
Lambert
Law
Lewis
Lindsey of Wilkes
McFarland
Mann
Burt ViChairman Milner Mundy Neill Pace Richards Richardson Rogers of Laurens Sibley Thompson
Whitaker of Lowndes Williams of Walton Willoughby Thompson
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Sibley Chairman Adams of Walton Corbett DeLoach Falligant
Cannon VChairman Gahn Harvm Hinton
Jackson of Jones
89
Mundy Smiley r
Penland Tatum of Campbell
i Quincey Willoughby
Reiser
PUBLIC PRINTING
Griffin Chairman Trippe yChaiVman
flarnes McFarland
Barwick Perryman
Brinson Pope
Clifton Richards
Duncan of Hall Shannon
Eve Smith of Meriwether
Falligant Stone
Hollis Swint
Knight Tankersley
Lambert Thompson
PUBLIC PROPERTY
Palmour of Hall Clifton VChairman
Chairman Longley
Brinson McDonald
Carswell Milner
Culpepper Mundy
Green Neill
Gunnells7 Rogers of Elbert
Hendrix Smith of Telfair
Hixon Strozier
Johnson of Timmerman
Chattahoochee Warren
Lambert

90

BAILED ADS
Qtjincey Chairman Barwick Bussey Callahan Cannon DeLoach Dickey Gallaher
Johnson of Appling
Lawrence
Lee r1
Milner
Palmour of Hall
Longley VChairman Pilcher Purcell Bees Seville Boyal
Smith of Fulton Smith of Telfair Tatum of Dade Thurmond Williams of Bulloch Wohlwender Woody
BEFOBMATOBIES
Shannon Chairman Burkhalter Bussey Clifton Cochran Davis of Floyd Guess Haynie Hyers
Jackson of Towns Lee
McFarland VChairman Mann Middleton Moore of Fulton Bogers of Elbert Boyal
Smith of Candler Tatum of Campbell Tatum of Dade Thurmond
Speaker Chairman Slate at Large Arnold r Covington HixoU Holtzclaw
BULES
7
Neill VChairman Jackson of Jones Knight Lawrence Lankford MacIntyre
91
Sweat of Ware Anderson of Jenkins First District Griffin
Second District Pace
Third District Wohlwender Fourth District Smith of Fulton Fifth District Dickey
Sixth District
Johnson of Bartow Seventh District DuBose
Eighth District Kelley
Ninth District Carswell
Tenth District Stewart
Eleventh District Stubbs
Twelfth District
SANITARIUM AT ALTO
Kirby Chairman Blalock
Boyett of Marion Bradford Calhoun DeLoach
Duncan of Dawson
Dyer
Grant
Hollingsworth
Jones of Lowndes
VChairman
Holmes
Jones of Thomas Kimsey
Nichols of Spalding Penland Sweat of Pierce Thompson
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Stovall Chairman Burkhalter Burt Dobbs Hamilton Hollis Jones of Meriwether Lambert
Mason
Moore of Butts
Brooke VChairman Shannon
Smith of Candler Smith of Carroll Smith of Haralson Stewart Ware
Whitaker of Lowndes Williams of Miller Wyatt

STATE OF REPUBLIC
Lawrence Chairman Adams of Newton Calhoun Carswell DeLoach Harvin Hollis Holmes Hudson
Jones of Meriwether
Lankford
Lee
Davis of Oglethorpe
VChairman
McKenney
Moye
Owen of Stephens Penland Quincey Reville
Smith of Haralson s
Thurmond
Weston
TEMPERANCE
Covington Chairman Bellah Cole
Davis of Oglethorpe
Duncan of Hall
Gunnells
Hamilton
Haynie
Hinton
Hodges
Jones of Meriwether Jordan of Jasper Lasseter
Barrett VChairman Lindsay of DeKalb Mann
Owen of Stephens Sibley j
Smith of Fulton Stovall
Sweat of Pierce Sweat of Ware Timmerman Weston Willoughby
UNIFORM LAWS
Hollingsworth
Chairman
Bird
Bowen
Boyett of Stewart
Hodges VChairman Calhoun Cranford Dobbs Hinton
93

Holtzclaw
Johnson of Appling MacIntyre McKenney Minchew
Seaman
Stewart
Strozier
Walker
Williams of Bulloch
Alfriend
Brinson
Brooke
Bush
Burt
Coates
Cochran
Davis of Floyd
Davis of Oglethorpe
De La Pendere
Dickey
Hixon
Kirby Law Moore of Butts Nichols of Spalding Pace
MacIntyre Richardson Rogers of Elbert Smith of Candler Smith of Fulton Smith of Telfair Tatum of Campbell
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA AND BRANCHES Stubbs Chairman Brown VChairman
WAYS AND MEANS
Arnold Chairman Adams of Neton Adams of Walton Alfriend Atkinson Barnes Barrett Bird Blalock Bowen BroWh Bush Calhoun Callahan
Swift VChairman Clarke Cole
Copeland
Cranford
Daniels
Fickleh
Gallaher
Hendrix
Hollis
Holtzclaw
Jones of Meriwether Jordan of Jaeger
94
Kirby Palmer of Crisp
Lasseter Pilcher
Lewis Ramsey or Columbia
Lindsay of DeKalb Royhl
Longley Sibley
Mason Smith of Telfair
Milner Ware
Mundy Whitaker of Rockdale
Nichols of Wayne Owen of Paulding Williams of Bulloch
WESTERN ATLANTIC RAILROAD
MacIntyre Chairman Hamilton VChairman
Bates Jones of Thomas
Bradford Knabb
Brannen Lambert
Bussey McFarland
Clarke Mason
Clifton Owen of Paulding
Culpepper Purcell
Davis of Floyd Shannon
Dobbs Smiley
Greene Smith of Carroll
Haynie Smith of Haralson
Hllender Sweat of Ware
Johnson of Appling Johnson of Bartow Tatum of Dade
95
j
Standing Rules of the House of Representatives
6

THE SPEAKER
Rule 1 The Speaker shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the House the Speaker shall vote In other cqses he shall not vote unless the House be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the Speaker shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any other member
Rule 3 When two or more members shall rise at the same time the Speaker shall name the person entitled to prbceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the Speaker unless otherwise ordered by the House
Rule 5 The method of stating a question or any motion by the Speaker after the same has been read to the House by the Clerk shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the Speaker or a division of the House is called for by any one member of the House the Speaker shall call upon the members in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the clerk he shall call upon the members to reverse their positions and the Speaker shall announce the result
Piscretion f Speaker
When Speaker shall vote
Right of member to the floor to be decided by the Speaker
Appointment of Committees
Methods of stating a question by Speaker
99
Speaker may name members to preside
Duty of Clerk when Speaker is absent
Appeals from ruling of the Speaker
When no debate on appeals
Appeals to be made at once
Rule 6 The Speaker may during a das sitting name any member to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the Speaker shall be absent the Speaker pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Clerk of the House shall call the House to order and shall preside until a Speaker pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the House The Speaker pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
Rule 8 Should any member of the House be dissatisfied with the ruling of the Speaker on any point he shall rise and respectfully address the Speaker and say I appeal from the decision of the Chair The Speaker will then state to the Hohse the point ruled on and his decision on it and shall then put the question of appeal to the House as follows AIL in favor of the decision of the Chair standing as the sense of this House will say Aye Those opposed will say No and the decision of the House in sustaining or overruling the Speaker shall be final
Rule 9 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Rule 10 All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Rule 11 Where debate is permissible on appeals en mem from the decision of the Chair any member after brp
aaaress tnc
being recognized by the Speaker may address his House remarks directly to the House
Rule 12 The Speaker shall have power to sus7 Power of pend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for miscon suspend to duct or neglect of duty and when such suspension officers has been made he shall report the same to the House within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the House may see fit to take in the premises
Rule 13 The Speaker shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the House cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturb Speaker ance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause Queries any person or persons so offending to be arrested cie2redbieS and brought before the bar of the House to be dealt ydth for contempt of the House
Rule 14 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the House the ingrum Speaker may order the bar of the House to be speaker closed and the roll of members called by the Clerk and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the House and if any member present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the House
Rule 15 The Speaker may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by shaker yeas and nays where a division of the House dis te taken closes the fact that a quorum of the House has not anntys voted
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Decision on questions of priority
Conduct of members in debate
Time extended how
Expulsion
Exception to words spoken Proviso
Rule 16 All questions as to the priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the Speaker without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 17 When any member is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the House he shall rise and respectfully address himself to Mr Speaker He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken
No member of the House shall occupy the floor longer than one 1 hour in debating any question unless otherwise ordered by the House and any motion to extend such members time shall be decided without debate
If any member in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the Housethe Speaker shall call him to order in which case the member so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The House shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the House be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars1 and continuing refractory may be expelled from the House by a twothirds vote of the members which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays and recorded on the Journal of the House
Rule 18 If any member be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Clerk and read then admitted denied or explained by the member who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the House
ltf
may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the House is acting under the previous question such question Of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been exhausted or until such further time as may then be ordered by the House But no member shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the House for words spoken in debate if any other member has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Rule 19 Hie members of the House shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence un Silence til a speaking member shall have taken his seat
Rule 20 The members shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice Mo f of their observations but may designate them by mefrsns the place in which they may be or the county they represent
Rule 21 No member shall address the House except as heretofore stated in case of appeals or interrogate a member who is speaking except through the Speaker and should the member speaking decline to be interrupted the Speaker shall eause the member desiring to interrogate to be silent
V
House how addressed Questions and interruptions
Rule 22 No member shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is immediately and prtieu ShalI larly interested In every ease where the seat of a member is being contested the sitting member and in resultthe contestant shall both retire from the House before the vote is taken
1 j g gg I
103
Protests
Smoking and conversation prohibited

Duty while member is speaking and at adjournment
Matters transpiring in Senate Committees and private conversation not to be referred to
Laudatory and disparaging re marks when forbidden
Applause and hisses forbiddn
No debate during yeas and nays
Rule 23 Any member may enter a protest in writing against the action of the House said protest jshall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the House nor any member thereof and such protest shall be entered by the Clerk upon the Journal of the House
Rule 24 No member shall smoke in the House nor shall he converse with any one over the bar thereof
Rule 25 No member shall be permitted to enter upon the floor of the House or remain thereon in an intoxicated condition and the Messenger and the Doorkeepers of the House are specially charged with the rigid enforcement of this rule
Rule 26 No member shall pass between the Chair and a member while he is speaking norshall any member at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the Speaker retires
Rule 27 No member shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another member or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the Senate
Rule 28 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 29 Applause or hisses in the Representative chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Rule 30 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had
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Rule 31 No member can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the House he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the Speaker
Rule 32 On all questions except such as are not debatable any member on the call of the ayes and nays shall as a matter of right be allowed three minutes in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no member shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent of the House No motion shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a members time for explaining
Rule 33 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any member it shall be determined by a vote of the House and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 34 Every member within the hall when a question is put shall vote unless he is immediately and particularly interested therein or the House shall excuse him A motion to excuse a member from voting must be made before the House divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the member making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
Rule 35 No member shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then make any motion the effect of which is to cut off debate without relinquishing the floor
Only one motion can be made at a time
Explanation
Reading of papers
When members shall vote
Motion to excuse when made Excuses from voting
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Call for a division
Division how made
Qualifying paragraph exception and provision
Strike out and insert not divisible
Call of counties
Bills and resolution called in order Proviso
DIVISIN OP A QUESTION
Buie 36 Any member may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Rule 37 The member calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by themselves and be consistent and entire
Rule 38 A qualifying paragraph an exception or a proviso if taken from that to which it belongs would not contain a distinct or entire proposition
Rule 39 A motion to strike out and insert is an indivisible proposition
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Rule 40 The Clerk shall on Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call the counties for the introduction of new matter beginning alternately at the first and last of the alphabet Provided that no member shall introduce more than one bill of a general nature on any day except companion bills
Rule 41 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Clerk shall distinctly state its number and the name of the member by whom introduced provided that House and Senate bills and resolu tions adversely reported shall not be taken up for a second reading except by request of the authors of such bill or resolution or some member of the House provided that the General TaxBill and the
106
General Appropriation Bill shall take precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said Bills shall have been finally disposed of
Rule 42 Every motion to suspend the rules for the purpose of taking up bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion to make special orders shall except by the unanimous consent of the House be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the House i v
Rule 43 The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter nor to read any bill or resolution the second time or any local bill or resolution a third time or to put any local bill or resolution upon its passage or to make special orders for any bill or resolution or to recommit a bill or resolution or to withdraw from one committee and recommit to another a bill or resolution except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal or after the reading of the Journal has been dispensed with The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to put any general bill or resolution upon its passage or to read such bill or resolution seeonct time and recommit The Speaker shall entertai nbut one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 44 The rules of this House known as Constitutional rules shall in no ease be suspended all other rules shall in no case be suspended nor changed nor the order of business be changed ex
Effect of
unanimous
consent
Suspension of rules
107
No debate
Bills etc when introduced
No debate on first reading
cept by a vote of threefourths of the members voting Provided however that in order to so change or suspend the rules or change the order of business said twothirds so voting in favor of said change or suspension shall constitute a majority of the members of the whole House
Rule 45 No change or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition be first referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the House Provided however that immediately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day following the introduction in the House of the proposed change or addition to these rules the Committee on Rules shall report the same back to the House A failure to so report such proposed change or addition to these rules for two days shall automatically bring said proposed change or addition before the House for consideration
Rule 46 Any motion to suspend rules or change the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debater
Rule 47 It shall be in order to introduce bills or other matter upon the call of the counties without any previous notice having been given for that purpose
Rule 48 No debate shall be admitted upon any Bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any Bill or Resolution or other matter requiring reference to a Committee the Speaker shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the House In case of Engrossment of any Bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Clerk
108
and the Bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed In cases where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill shall be lose If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Any bill may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the House
Rule 49 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the Senate on the day of the passage thereof unless twothirds of the members present shall so order
Rule 50 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the House by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the House agreeing thereto
Rule 51 All proceedings touching the appropriating of money shall be considered in the Committee of the Whole House
Rule 52 All bills and resolutions shall be in writing and shall have the name of the member introducing the same as wejl as the county he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same
Rule 53 Where a bill or resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or
109
A
Effect of favorable report of committee
Adverse report of committee
Bills when withdrawn
Transmission to Senate by majority vote
Bills when printed
Committee of the Whole House See Rule 107 et al
ills and Resolutions to be in writing How indorsed
Reports of committees order of action
Order of precedence
Not debatable when may be renewed
has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the House and in all cases the report of the Committee of the Whole House shall be first acted on by the House
Rule 54 The Committee on Rules during the last seven days of each session shall arrange and fix a calendar for each days business and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing Special Order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order fixed by such calendar except by a twothirds vote of the House
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Rule 55 When any subject is before the House for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st Motion to adjourn
2d A motion to lay on table
3d A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to adjourn to a time definite
5th A motion to postpone indefinitely
6th A motion to postpone to a day certain
7th A motion to commit
8th A motion to amend
Which said motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand aS above arranged
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 56 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the House A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
110
Rule 57 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the House is not actually engaged in other business is debatable
Rule 58 The motion to adjourn can he made at any time when the member moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 59 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Clerk has called thefirst name of the yeas andnays and a vote of one mepber has been given or after h division of the House has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced but in such cases the rollcall shall be completed the vot ecounted and the result finally announced before a motion to adjourn shall be in order
Rule 60 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the House to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 61 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the House is being taken by yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the House is acting on the main question after the main question has been ordered and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the House shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
When made debatable
When not in order
Effect of adjournment
Hour of adjournment What business postpone
Ill
Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table
How matters may be taken from table
Effect of vote to table
Effect of vote to take from table
No motion to table in order until rollcall ib competed
When renewed
MOTIONS TO LAY ON TABLE
Rule 62 No motion to lay an amendment or sub stitute on the table shall be in order
Rule 63 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the House is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken up the same is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 64 If the motion to lay on the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the House the measure together with all the motions attached to it at the time it is so disposed of
Rule 65 When the proposition is again taken from the table it stands before the House in the exact form with all the motions pertaining to it just as it did at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed
Rule 66 After a yea and nay vote is called on any bill or resolutionthe House not acting at the time under the previous questionand one vote has been recorded no motion to table shall be in order until the rollcall shall have been completed When any bill or resolution is tabled after the completion of the rollcall and then taken from the table nothing can be done except to announce the result of said vote as shown by said rollcall at the time said bill or resolution was tabled
Rule 67 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
112
Rule 68 Neither the motion to lay on the table not the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
Rule 69 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
Rule 70 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted on the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 71 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except a motion to adjourn or to lay on the table but neither of said motions shall be made but once until after the pre vious question has been exhausted and when it is moved the question shall be Shall the motioin for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority of a quorum in the affirmative and the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum all other motions except one to reconsider the action in ordering the main question will be out of order and the House cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives
Rule 72 When the previous question has been ordered the House shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed
Not debatable or amendable
What can be tabled
When iri order
Effect of
previous
question
Twenty
minutes
debate
allowed
113

Vote how taken
Effect of main question bieng ordered
Contested
Election
C 7 I
to the committee whoe report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate Where the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such members as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule This rule shall not be construed to allow the twenty minutes above referred to to be used but once on any bill or measure and then on the final passage of the bill or measure
Rule 73 After the main question is ordered any member may call for a division of the House in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays if the call for the yeas and nays is sustained by onefifth of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the yeas and nays and so entered on the Journal
Rule 74 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the House to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 75 In all eases where a minority report has been submitted on any question if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
114
Rule 76 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Rule 77 A call of the House shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the Speaker that a quorum is not present
Rule 78 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Rule 79 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Rule 80 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it f cannot be amended
Rule 81 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order readihg of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 82 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has been voted down
How called and ordered
Call of the House when in order
Questions of order
Effect
Not amendable
When cannot be applied
Not renewed
115
Effect of
negative
vote
May be amended
To a day beyond the session
Debate when and how allowed
Motion how applied
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 83 The motion to postpone a bill resolution or other measure to a day certain when decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum removes the subject from before the House until the time designated and makes it a privileged question for that day so selected
Rule 84 If the motion to postpone bill a resolution or other measure is decided in the negative it leaves the question before the House as it was before the motion was made and it cannot be moved a second time on same day or at the same stage of the proceeding
Rule85 This motion to postpone to a day certain may be amended by substituting one day for another In this case the time would be treated as a blank and the Speaker should treat these propositions as he would those to fill blanks
f Rule 86 If a day designated is known to be be vond the session the Speaker shall treat the motion as though it had beeii a motion to indefinitely postpone the subject
Rule 87 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another It shall be the duty of the Speaker fo hold members rigidly to these points
Rule 88 This motion cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but must be applied to the whole bill resolution or other measure before
116
the House and when it prevails it carries forward the whole proposition and its appendages to the day named
MOTIONS TO COMMIT
Rule 89 Motions to commit may be made to refer 4 a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee or committee of the whole House
Rule 90 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on but where a motion is made that a bill resolution or other measure be committed to the committee of the whole House this motion shall be put before either of the above named motions
Rule 91 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 92 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the member making the motion
Rule 93 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTIONS TO AMEND
Rule 94 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2d By striking out words
3d By striking out and inserting words
Motion to commit
Precedence
of
When debatable
How
amended

Motion to recommit
Amendments how made
117
Substitute
Bill first perfected then the substitute
When too late to amend
r
Must be in writing
Priority
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 95 A substitute is simply an amendment it is in effect a motion to strike out all after the enacting clause of a bill or the woird Resolved in a resolution and insert that offered as a substitute
Rule 96 When a bill or resolution is before the House for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the House to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute I
Rule 97 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the House unless said action of the House in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Rule 98 All motions to amend any matter before the House must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 99 On all questions whether in committee or in the House the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
118
V
Eule 100 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made Blanksto amend
Eule 101 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Eule 102 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and Amending the House shall agree to a motion to consider the by sectlonssame by sections or paragraphs the Clerk in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Clerk without any motion being made in the House and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur and amend it
Eule 103 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment
Caption
when
amended
Eule 104 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Clerk shall read the ments by paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out antuiJ out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if sertmgamended
Eule 105 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a part of a bill or resolution any amend lendment ment offered to perfect the part proposed to be to Perfectstricken shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
119
Amending
Senate
amend
ments
See Rule 136
Priority
Priority of questions on Senate amendments
Motion to reconsider
Rule 106 When any bill or resolution which originated in the House has been amended in the Senate and is before the House for action on the Senate amendment an amendment may be offered inthe House to the Senate amendment but the House amendment to the Senate amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 107 A motion to amend an amendment made by the Senate to the House bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Rule 108 The questions which arise before the House respecting amendments by the Senate to a House bill or resolution are
1st Amotion to agree to the Senate amendment
2d A motion to disagree to the Senate amendment
3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order
RECONSIDERATION
Rule 109 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any member whether said member previously voted in the affirmative or negative on the matter sought to be reconsidered to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter as has been previously reconsidered provided such member shall notify the House of his intention to move
120

such reconsideratioin at any time before the Journal is confirmed Provided further that the action of the House on Senate amendments shall be in order for reconsideration immediately and not otherwise
Rule 110 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Rule 111 No matter shall be reconsidered more than oncet
Rule 112 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the order of unanimous consent on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action
Rule 113 The action of the House upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
Rule 134 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
COMMITTEE ON THE WHOLE HOUSE
Rule 115 The Speaker may resolve the House into a Committee of the Whole without a motion being made therefor whenever a bill or resolution shall be in order for consideration on its third reading before the House which is required by the rules of this House to be considered in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 116 The House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose
Shall not be
withdrawn
when
When there may be one reconsideration
When in order
Amendments when reconsidered
Place of calendar
When ordered by Speaker
See Rule 44
When ordered by the House
121
How formed
Proceedings
Rule in committee
Debate how closed

Aule 117 In forming a Committee of the Whole House the Speaker shall leave the chair and a Chairman to preside in committee shall he appointed by the Speaker
Rule 118 In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be first read throughout by the Clerk and then again be read or debated by clauses or sections leaving the preamble to be last considered unless otherwise ordered
Rule 119 The Rules of the House shall be observed by the Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable except that it can not refer a matter to any other committee fit can not adjourn the previous question can not be enforced a motion to lay on the table or indefinitely postpone shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the House shall be in order nor shall any vote be taken by yeas and nays
Rule 120 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it shall be desired to close the debate or to limit the time to be allowed members for speaking the committee may rise and report its desire to the House and the House shall take such action thereon as it may see fit by a resolution agreed for that purpose said resolution shall apply only to the subjectmatter before said committee and when said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the House the action of the House shall be deemed the sense of the committee and the House may then on motion again resolve itself into Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of the subject
122
Rule 121 In the event that a Committee of the Whole House at any sitting shall for want of time Jime of fail to complete any matter under consideration it tendedmay on motion at any time in the committee made rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally or at a day certain
Rule 122 A motion 1 that the committee rise and report progress and ask leave to sit again can be made at any tune when the mover thereof can legitimately obtain the floor and shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without debate and when it prevails the committee shall im mediately rise and when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall immediately rise and when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall automatically rise and the Speaker shall assume the Chair
Rule 128 A motion to reconsider shall be in order Reconsidin Committee of the Whole eraton
Rule 124 The Committee of the Whole shall not Duty of proceed with the business before it whenever a vote quorums on any question shall disclose the fact that no presentquorum of the House is present Whenever it is suggested that a quorum is not present the Chairman of the committee shall satisfy himself of the fact by actdal count of the committee and report the same to the committee and the Chairman shall on his own motion order that the committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the House
Rule 125 The Speaker may in Committee of the au members Whole take part in the proceedings and he as well uniessVex
cused
123
Amend
ments
Disorderly
conduct
reported
Chairman may order galleries cleared
Proceedings of when business before it is finished
as all other members shall vote on all questions before the committee unless excused therefrom and no pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 126 Amendments proposed by the Committee of the Whole may be amended or rejected by the House and matters stricken out by the committee may be restored by the House
Rule 127 A Committee of the Whole House can not punish disorderly conduct of its members but must report the same to the House for action thereon
Rule 128 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared incase of any disorderly conduct therein
Rule 129 When the Committee of the Whole have disposed of the bill resolutions or other measures befort it by motion and question it shall rise and the Chairman will be instructed to report the action of the Committee to the House At this point the Speaker will resume his seat and the Chairman will return to the floor and will state in substaqce as follows Mr Speaker the Committee of the Whole House have had under consideration naming what and have instructed me as their Chairman to report the same back to the House with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended or do not pass as the case may be
The Speaker will receive this report and repeat the same and the matter will then be before the House for action just as though reported by any other committee
124
Rule 130 The proceedings of the Committee of the Whole shall not he recorded in the Journal of the House except so far as reported to the House by the Chairman of said committee
Rule 131 When in the Committee of the Whole any papers in the possession of the House may be called for by any member and read by the Clerk for the information of the committee unless the committee shall otherwise order
Rulel 32 Amendments offered to an amendment in the Committee of the Whole shall not be reported to the House but the report shall contain only the result of the committee s action on the bill resolution or measure under consideration before it
Absentees
Rule 133 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the House shall not be dispensed with except by a threefourths vote of the members present
Rule 134 Upon the call of all the members ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Clerk and shall appear upon the Journal And it shall be the duty of the Clerk to keep a separate list of the absentees from each days proceedings which list shall be entered upon the Journal and shall show which of said absentees are absentwithout leave and of those absent with leave which are absent for providential causes and which for business reasons which said separate list shall be read in the House with the Journal upon which the same is entered
The Clerk shall also keep in a book accessible to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave the names of all such absentees noting
Record
Papers maybe called for
Report shall contain result of committees action
Morning rollcall dispensed with by threefourths vote
Names of absentees noted
Duty of
Auditing
Committee
Excuse of members
Power to compel attendance
Sereant
atarms
Call how ordered
Subsequent
proceed
ings
such as are absent without leave and the members so absent without leave unless excused by the House shall not be entitled to draw pay for the time they are so absent
It shall be the duty of the Committee on Auditing to inquire into the matter before passing upon anw members account
Excuses of members absent without leave shall be submitted to the Committee on Ercuses cf Members Absent without Leave and the recommendation of some member of said committee shall be necessary to have said excuse allowed by the House
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 135 The power to compel the attendance of meinbers in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the Speaker and to this end he may have the doors of the House closed When the doors are so closed no member shall be allowed to retire from the House without first obtaining leave from the House
The Messenger of the House shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the House and on order of the Speaker may arrest any absentees and bring them before the House when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE HOUSE
Rule 136 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present or when the Speaker shall officially state the fact to the House it shall be in order for any member to make a motion for a call of the House and when this motion is made the Speaker shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the House prevail and if fifteen of
26
the members present shall vote in the affirmative the Speaker shall order the Clerk to call the roll of members and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be clased after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the members present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by the officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the House shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
CONSTITUTIONAL RULES
Rule137 A majority of each House shall con
what is a
stitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller quorum
number may adjourn from day to day and compel attendance
the presence of its absent members as each House
may provide
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4
Rule 138 Ehch Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or af oath of firmation towit I will support the Constitution membersof this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State
Art 3 Sec 7 Par7
Rule 139 No bill shall become a layr Unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members required to elected to each House of the General Assembly ahd it shall in every instance appear on the Journal
127
Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members present
Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays
Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays
Revenue
bills
Reading of blls
One subject matter etc
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14
Rnle 140 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec7 Par 6
Rule 141 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12
Rule 142 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21
Rule 143 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third reading of local bills must be full and complete
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5
Rule 144 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10
Rule 145 No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subjectmatter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
128
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8
Rule 146 No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17
Rule 147 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provisions have been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
Rule 148 The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts
Art3 See 7 Par 18
Rule 149 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
An amendment to laws and sections of Code
General laws how varied
Consent and when required
Corpora
tions
Power delegated to courts
Relief of recognizance
129
What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appropriation by separata bills
Adjourn
ments
Elections
Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote
Rule 150 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9
Rule 151 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24
Rule 152 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and th vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result
Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1
Rule 153 No bill or ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13
130

Rule 154 The General Assembly meets annually on the fourth Wednesday in June and the House and Senate are called to order at 10 oclock a m The Annual Sessions are limited to fifty days
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 6
Rule 155 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1
Rule 156 No provision of this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23 s
Rule 157 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Session limited to fifty days
Elections
disorderly
conduct
Expulsion by twothirds vote
Signature of Governor when required
Governors
veto
Effect of twothirds vote thereon
131

When Governor must approve
Effect of
twothirds
vote
Twothirds vote required
Twothirds vote re quired on amendments to Constitution
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16
Rule 158 Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may he necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor apd before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 See 1 Par 17
Rule 159 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4
Rule 160 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the Gem eral Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of
132
this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
Rule 161 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2
Rule 162 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries not to exceed four thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts shall have salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to erceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office
The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such changes shall affect the officers then in commission
Art 6 Sec 13 Pars 1 and 2
Rule 163 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall
Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called
Salaries of Judges
May be changed by a twothirds vote
133
Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be Submitted before passage of same
Messages
Messages when received and considered
Petitions
Motions
have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 164 When a message shall be sent to the House of Representatives if shall be announced at the door of the House by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 165 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce is being taken A message shall be presented to the House by the Speaker when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business in which the House is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the House
Rule 166 It shall be the order of the day every Wednesday to take up and decide on reports of Committees on Petitions and all petitions shall be numbered as they are received and taken up and disposed of in the order they were received unless otherwise ordered by a majority of a quorum
Rule 167 After a motion is stated by the Speaker or read by the Clerk it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the House but may be withdrawn at any time before the decision by consent of the House

Rule 168 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Rule 169 The several standing committees of the House shall have leave to report by bill or otherwise The report of the Committee on Rules is in order at any time when the House is not actually engaged in other business
Rule 170 The Clerk of the House shall take an oath for the true and faithful discharge of the duties of his office to the best of his knowledge and abilities and shall be deemed to continue in office until another be elected
Rule 171 The Clerk shall take special care of the books provided for the use of the House
Rule 172 The Committee on Efnrollmenit shall carefully compare enrolled bills and resolutions and correcting any errors that may be discovered in the enrolled bills or other papers make their report forthwith to their respective Houses
Rule 173 Any motion not privileged containing new matter shall lie at least one day on the table
Rule 174 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Clerk shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting y
Rule 175 When a motion is made by any member it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the House
Rule 176 After the announcement of the standing committee no other members shall be placed thereon except when members have been elected to
135
Petitions
memorials
etc
Committees
Clerk
Clerk
Duties of Committee on Enrollment
Motions not privileged
Not necessary to second motion
Committees how and when engaged

Privileges on the floor
Duty of Committee on Journals
Members to receipt Clerk for books and papers
Adjournment and meeting
Motion for yeas and nays not debatable
fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the Speaker may assign said members to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 177 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the House except the members and officers thereof the officers and members of the Senate the Governor of the State and the heads of the officers of the Executive Department Members of Congress from Georgia State House officers and members of the press actively reporting Legislative proceedings exGovemors Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral in actual commission expresiding officers of the House and Senate Judges and DistrictAttorneys of the United States Courts and such others as the House may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on the Privileges of the Floor
Rule 178 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Journals to read the Journal of each ays proceedings and report to the House that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Clerk
Rule 179 No member shall take any books or papers from the possession of the House or Clerk without first acquainting the Clerk and giving him a receipt to return the same in a reasonable time or on his demand
Rule 180 The House shall convene at 10 a m Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the House The hour of adjournment to be fixed by a majority of said House on motion without debate
Rule 181 A motion for thecall of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
136
Rule 182 All Acts and joint resolutions shall be signed by the Speaker and Clerk and all writs war signature rants and subpoenas issued by orderof the House and Clerk shall be signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk
Rule 183 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the House while in session Messenger to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the Speaker to execute the demands of the House from timeN to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the Speaker
Rule 184 The Messenger under the direction of Messengers
n i 3 i H duty in dis
the Clerk shall superintend the distribution by the tributing Rages of all documents and papers to be distributed etcto the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Rule 185 No Committee of the Whole or other Interiieacommittee shall deface or interline a bill resolution Sddenr or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendment recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendment relates
Rule 186 No pairing of members shall be recog Pairing nized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Rule 187 Whenever any member moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of onontee the two Houses naming the number of members ference be appointed if said motion prevails the Speaker shall appoint a committee on the part of the House and in such case the committee shall consist of only such members as voted in the majority on the po
137
Amend
ments

Majority and minority reports
What motions lie on table
Changing
votes
Questions of privilege Proviso

sition assumed by the House and if by inadvertence any member be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the House and be excused by the Speaker
Rule 188 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the House it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the House but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 189 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
Rule 190 Every motion for information from the Executive Department shall lie on the table one day
Rule 191 On the call of the yeas and nays the Clerk shall read the names of the members after they have been called and no member shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he votedunder a mistake of the question
zRule 192 Questions of privilege hall be first those affecting the rights of the House collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of members individually in their representative capacity anly and shall have precedence of all other questions except a motion to adjourn Provided that when any matter is before the House no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question shall be disposed of
138
Rule 193 In all elections a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Rule 194 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing Rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
Rule 195 The Auditing Committee shall before auditing the account of any member for expenses of a committeeman or any account prescribed by a member for any expense incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of this House require of such an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item of said account
139
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 196 The following shall be the order of business
1 Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of the committee on the Journal
4 Reading of the Journal
5 Confirmation of the Journal
6 Unanimous consents
7 Motions to reconsider
8 Reports of standing committees
9 House bills favorably reported for a second reading
10 Unfinished business of previous session
11 Orders of the day
12 On Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call of the counties for the introduction of new matter On Mondays and Wednesdays third reading of Senate bills and resolutions
13 House bills and resolutions for third reading and House bills and resolutions with Senate amend ments
14 On Tuesdays House bills on the calendar adversely reported for a second reading
15 On Mondays and Fridays immediately after the call of the counties Senate bills for first and second reading shall be in order
16 On Wednesdays immediately after the call of the counties all petitions and reports of committees on petitions shall be in order
17 Bills of Senate for third reading
18 Senate resolutions
19 Reports of committees on enrollment may be made at any time
20 After the regular order of business for each day shall have been exhausted House Bills for first and second reading and Senate Bills for first and second reading respectively shall be in order
Unless otherwise ordered by the House no general bills or resolutions shall be in order for a third reading or for reconsideration at Saturdays sessions General bills or resolutions otherwise in order for reconsideration on Saturday shall sfand over until the following Monday
Rule 197 No committee of the House shall consist of more than twentyfive members This rule however shall not apply to the following committees Amendments to Constitution Appropriations General Agriculture No 1 General Agriculture No 2 General Judiciary No 1 General Judiciary No 2 Ways and Means Penitentiary
141
COMMITTEES
Rule 198 The Speaker shall appoint the following committees
Academy for the Blind
Amendments to the Constitution
Appropriations
Auditing
Banks and Banking
Conservation
Corporations
Counties and County Matters
Education
Engrossing
Enrollment
Excuse of Members Absent without Leave
Game and Fish
General Agriculture No 1
General Agriculture No 2
General Judiciary No 1 for the consideration of general bills
General Judiciary No 2 for the consideration of general bills
Georgia School for the Deaf
Georgia State Sanitarium
Hall and Rooms
Hygiene and Sanitation
Insurance
Invalid Pensions and Soldiers Home
Journals
Labor and Labor Statistics
Legislative and Congressional Reaipportionment Manufactures
Military Affairs
Mines and Mining
142
Municipal Government
Penitentiary
Pensions
Privileges and Elections
Privileges of the Floor
Public Highways
Public Library
Public Printing
Public Property
Railroads
Reformatories
Rules of which the Speaker shall be exofficio Chairman
Special Judiciary for consideration of special and local bills
Temperance
Uniform State Laws
University of Georgia and its Branches
Ways and Means
Western and Atlantic Railroad for the consideration of all matters pertaining to the Western and Atlantic Railroad
The Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Chairman and Ghairman pro tern of the Committee on Ways and Means shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
Rule 199 Whenever any bill or resolution has been referred to a committee and the same has been held in the custody or control of such committee for tgn days without reporting on same the author of such bill or any member of the House shall have the right immediately after the confirmation of the Journal to give notice that on the next regular meeting
143
of the House he will submit a motion instructing such committee to report such bill back to the House after which on the next regular meeting day of the House any member of the House immediately after the confirmation of the Journal may move to instruct such committee tcT report such bill or resolution back to the House and if the motion prevaiis it shall be the duty of such committee to report such bill or resolution accordingly with or without recommendation as the same case may be at the next regular session and upon failure of said Committee to report such bill accordingly the same shall automatically be returned to the House for consideration Debate on said motion to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House shall be limited to twenty minutes unless otherwise ordered by the House and when such bill or resolution is so reported or returned to the House it may be referred or committed as other bills or resolutions
Rule 200 In drawing for seats all members except those who have been permitted by the House to select seats without drawing shall retire to the rear of the Hall The names of all counties printed on separate slips of papers shall be deposited in a box and the box placed on the Clerks desk The names of the counties shall be drawn separately from the box and announced by the Clerk from his desk
When the name of a county is announced the member for members from that county shall come forward to the Clerks desk and secure a desk card with name and county printed thereon and then proceed to select his seat All desks shall be arranged in their proper position on the floor of the House and no desk shall be moved or changed
CONSTITUTION
OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
OF FORCE JULY 1920
PREAMBLE
To perpetuate the principles of free government insure justice to all preserve peace promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty we the people of Georgia relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God do ordain and establish this Constitution
ARTICLE I
Bill of Rights
Section I
Paragraph I All government of right originates with the people is founded upon their will only and is instituted solely for the good of the whole Public officers ate the trustees and servants of the people and at all times amenable to them
Par II Protection to person and propertyis the paramount duty of government and shall be impartial and complete
Par III No person shall be deprived of life liberty or prop erty except by due process of law
Par IV No person shall be deprived of the right to prosecute or defend his own cause in any of the courts of this State in person by attorney or both
Par V Every person charged with an offense against the laws of this State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel shall be furnished on demand with a copy of the accusation and a list of the witnesses on whose testimony the charge against him is founded shall have compulsory process to obtain the testimony of his own witnesses shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him and shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury
145
AET 1
Par VI No person shall be compelled to give testimony tending in any manner to criminate himself
Par VII Neither banishment beyond the limits of the State nor whipping as a punishment for crime shall be allowed
Par VIII No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty more than once for the same offence save on his or her own motion for a new trial after conviction or in case of mistrial
Par IX Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted nor shall any person be abused in being arrested while under arrest or m prison
Par X No person shall be compelled to pay costs except after conviction on final trial
Par XI The writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended
Par XII AH men have the natural and inalienable right to worship God each according to the dictates of his own conscience and no human authority should in any case control or interfere with such right of conscience
Par XIII No inhabitant of this State shall be molested iu person or property or prohibited from holding any public office or trust on account of his religious opinions but the right of liberty of conscience shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the State
Par XIV No money shall ever be taken from the publi treasury directly or indirectly in aid of any church sect or denomination of religionists or of any sectarian institution
Par XV No law shall ever be passed io curtail or restrain the liberty of speech or of the press any person may speak write and publish his sentiments on all subjects being responsible for the abuse of that liberty
Par XVI The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the persons or things to be seized
Par XVII There shall be within the State of Georgia neither slavery nor involuntary servitude save as a puuishment for crime after legal conviction thereof
Par XVIII The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject of legislation
AET i
Par XIX The civil authority shall be superior to the military and no soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner nor in time of war except by the civil magistrate in such manner as may be provided by law
Par XX The power of the courts to punish for contempts shall be limited by legislative acts
Par XXI There shall be no imprisonment for debt
Par XXII The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the mariner in which arms may be borne
Par XXIII The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided
Par XXIV The people have the right to assemble peaceably for their common good and to apply to those vested with the powers of government for redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance
Par XXV All citizens of the United States resident in this State are hereby declared citizens of this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact such laws as will protect them in the full enjoyment of the rights privileges and immunities due to such citizenship
Section II
Paragraph I In alb prosecutions or indictments for libel the truth may be given in evidence and the jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law apd the facts The power of the judges to grant new trals in case of conviction is preserved
Par II Treason against the State of Georgia shall consist in levying war against her adhering to her enemies giving them aid and comfort No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or confession in open court
Par III No conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate
Par IV All lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets are hereby prohibited and this prohibition shall be enforced by penal laws
Par V Lobbying is declared to be a crime and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par VI The General Assembly shall have the power to provide for the punishment of fraud and shall provide by law for reaching property of the debtor concealed from the creditor
147
AET 12
Section III
Paragraph I In cases of necessity private ways may be granted upon just compensatiion being first paid by the applicant Private property shall not be taken or damaged for public purposes without just and adequate compensation being first paid
Par II No bill of attainer ex post facto law retroactive law or law impairing the obligatioin of contracts or making irrevocable grants of special privileges or immunities shall be passed
Par ill No grant of special privileges or immunities shall be revoked except in such manner as to work no injustice to the Corporators or creditors of the incorporation
Section IV j
Paragraph I Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted n any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Par II Legislative acts in violation of this Constitution or the Constitution of the United States are void and the judiciary shall so declare them
Section V
Paragraph I The people of this State have the inherent sole and exclusive right of regulating their internal government and the police thereof and of altering and abolishing their Constitution whenever it may be necessary to their safety and happiness
Par II The enumeration of rights herein contained as a part of this Constitution shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent rights which they may have hitherto enjoyed
ABTICLE II
Elective Franchise
Section I
Paragraph I After the year 1908 elections by the people shall be by ballot and only those persons shall be allowed to vote who have been first registered in accordance with the requirements of law
148
ART 2
Par II Every male citizen of this State who is a citizen of the United States twentyone years old or upwards not laboring under any of the disabilities named in this Article and possessing the qualifications provided by it shall be an electors and entitled to register and vote at any election by the people Provided that no soldier sailor or marine in the military or naval services of the United States shall acquire the rights of an elector by reason of being stationed on duty in this State
Par III To entitle a person to register and vote at any election by the people he shall have resided in the State one year next preceding the election and in the county in which he offers to vote six months next preceding the election and shall have paid all taxes which may have been required of him since the adoption of the Constitution of Georgia of 1877 that he may have had an opportunity of paying agreeably to law Such payment must have been made at least six months prior to the election at which he offers to vote except when such elections are held within six months from the expiration of the time fixed by law for the payment of such taxes
Par IV Every male citizen of this State shall be entitled to register as an elector and to vote in all elections in said State who is not disqualified under the provisions of Section 2 of Article 2 of this Constitution and who possesses the qualifications prescribed in paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section or who will possess them at the date of the election occurring next after his registration and who in addition thereto comes within either of the classes provided for in the five following subdivisions of this paragraph
1 All persons who have honorably served in the land or naval forces of the United States in the Revolutionary War or in the War of 1812 or in the War with Mexico or in any War with the Indians or in the War between the States or in the War with Spain or who honorably served in the land or naval forces of the Confederate States or of the State of Georgia in the War between the States or
2 All persons lawfully descended from those embraced in the classes enumerated in the subdivision next above or
3 All persons who are of good character and understand the duties and obligations of citizenship under a republican form of government or
4 All persons who can correctly read in the English language any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State and correctly write the same in the English language when read to them by any one of the registrars and all persons who
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ART 2
solely because of physical disability are unable to comply with the above requirements but who can understand and give a reasonable interpretation of any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State that may be read to them by any one of the registrars or
5 Any person who is the owner in good faith in his own right of at least forty acres of land situated in this State upon which he resides or is the owner in good faith in his own right of property situated in this State and assessed for taxation at the value of 50000
Par Y The right to register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of paragraph 4 shall continue only until January 1st 1915 But the registrars shall prepare a roster of all persons who register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of paragraph 4 and shall return the same to the clerks office of the superior court of their counties and the clerks of the superior court shall send copies of the same to the secretary of State and it shall be the duty of these officers to record and permanently preserve these rosters Any person who has been once registered under either of the subdivisions 1 or 2 of paragraph 4 shall thereafter be permitted to vote Provided he meets the requirements of paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section
Par VI Any person to whom the right of registration is denied by the registrars upon the ground that he lacks the qualifications set forth in the five subdivisions of paragraph 4 shall have the right to take an appeal and any citizen may enter an appeal from the decision of the registrars allowing any person to register under said subdivisions All appeals must be filed in writing with the registrars within ten days from the date of the decision complained of and shall be returned by the registrars to the office of the clerk of the superior court to be tried as other appeals
Par VII Pending an appeal and until the final decision of the case the judgment of the registrars shall remain in full force
Par VIII No person shall be allowed to participate in a primary of any political party or a convention of any political party in this State who is not a qualified voter
Par IX The machinery provided by law for the registration of force October 1st 1908 shall be used to carry out the provisions of this Section except where inconsistent with same the legislature may change or amend the registration laws from time to time but no such change or amendment shall operate to defeat any of the provisions of this section
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Section II
Paragraph I The General Assembly may provide from time to time for the registration of all electors but the following classes of persons shall not be permitted to register vote or hold any office or appointment of honor or trust in this State towit 1st Those who shall have been convicted in any court of competent jurisdiction of treason against the State of embezzlement of public funds malfeasance in office bribery or larceny or of any crime involving moral turpitude punishable by the laws of this State with imprisonment in the penitentiary unless such person shall have been pardoned 2d idiots and insane persons
Section III
Paragraph I Electors shall in all cases except for treason felony larceny and breach of the peace be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections and in going to and returning from the same
Section IV
Paragraph I No person who is the holder of any public money contrary to law shall be eligible to any office in this State until the same is accounted for and paid into the treasury
Par II No person who after the adoption of this Constitution being a resident of this State shall have been convicted of fighting a duel in this State or convicted of sending or accepting a challenge or convicted of aiding or abetting such duel shall hold office in this State unless he shall have been pardoned and every such person shall also be subject to such punishment as may be prescribed by law
Section V
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall by law forbid the sale distribution or furnishing of intoxicating drinks within two miles of election precincts on days of electionState county or municipaland prescribe punishment for any violation of the same
Section YI
Paragraph I Returns of election for all civil officers elected by the people who are to be commissioned by the Governor and also for the members of the General Assembly shall be made to the secretary of State unless otherwise provided by law
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ARTICLE m
Legislative Department
Section I
Paragraph I The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives
Section II
Paragraph I The Senate shall consist of fiftyone members There shall be fiftyone Senatorial Districts as now arranged by counties Each District shall have one Senator
The First Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Chatham Bryan and Effingham
The Second Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Liberty Tattnall McIntosh Toombs and Evans
The Third Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wayne Pierce Appling Jeff Davis and Bacon
The Fourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Glynn Camden and Charlton
The Fifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Coffee Ware and Clinch
The Sixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Echols Lowndes Berrien and Tift
The Seventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Brooks Thomas Colquitt and Grady
The Eighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Decatur Mitchell and Miller
The Ninth Senatorial District shall be Composed of the counties of Early Calhoun and Baker
The Tenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dougherty Lee Worth and Turner
The Eleventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clay Randolph and Terrell
The Twelfth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Stewart Webster and Quitman
The Thirteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Sumter Schley and Macon
The Fourteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dooly Wilcox Pulaski Crisp and Bleckley
The Fifteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wheeler Montgomery and Toombs
ART 3
The Sixteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Laurens Emanuel and Johnson
The Seventeenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Screven Bulloch Burke Jenkins and Candler
The Eighteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Richmond Glascock and Jefferson
The Nineteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Taliaferro Greene and Warren
The Twentieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Baldwin Hancock and Washington
The Twentyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Twiggs Wilkinson and Jones
The Twentysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bibb Monroe and Pike
The Twentythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Houston Crawford and Taylor
The Twentyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Muscogee Marion and Chattahoochee
The Twentyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Harris Upson and Talbot
The Twentysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Spalding Butts and Fayette
The Twentyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Barrow Walton and Oconee
The Twentyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Jasper Putnam and Morgan
The Twentyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wilkes Columbia Lincoln and McDuffie
The Thirtieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Elbert Madison and Hart
The Thirtyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hart Habersham Franklin and Stephens
The Thirtysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of White Dawson and Lumpkin
The Thirtythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hall Banks Jackson and Barron
The Thirtyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of DeEalb Rockdale and Newton
The Thirtyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Fulton Clayton and Henry
The Thirtysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Campbell Coweta Meriwether and Douglas
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The Thirtyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Carroll Heard and Troup
The Thirtyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Haralson Hoik and Paulding
Th Thirtyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Cherokee Cobb and Douglas
The Fortieth Senatorial District shall be comppsed of the eotfnties of Union Towns and Rabun
The Fortyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Pickens Fannin and Gilmer
The Fortysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bartow Floyd and Chftttooga
The Fortythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Murray Gordon and Whitfield
The Fortyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Walker Dade and Catoosa
The Fortyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Irwin Ben Hill and Telfair
The Fortysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bacon Pierce and Coffee
The Fortyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Colquitt Tift and Turner
The Fortyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of ythe counties of Crisp Wilcox and Dodge
The Fortyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bulloch Candler and Evans
The Fiftieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clarke Oglethorpe and Wilkes
The Fiftyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Gwinnett Milton and Forsyth
Par II The General Assembly may change these districts after each census of the United States Provided that neither the number of districts nor the number of Senators from each district shall be increased
Section III
Paragraph I The House of Representatives shall consist of not more than 193 Representatives apportioned among the several counties as follows towit To the six counties having the largest population viz Fulton Chatham Richmond Bibb Floyd and Muscogee three representatives each to the twentysix counties having the next largest population viz Laurens Carroll Jackson
ART 3
Sumter Thomas Decatur Gwinnett Coweta Cobb Washington DeKalb Burke Bulloch Troup Hall Walton Bartow Meriwether Emanuel Lowndes Elbert Brooks Houston Wilkes Clarke and Ware two Representatives each and to the remaining counties one Representative each The county of Evans shall be entitled to representation in the General Assembly of Georgia and the counties of Treutlen Atkinson and Cook shall also be entitled to representation in the General Assembly In the county of Evans and in the counties of Treutlen Atkinson and Cook an election shall be held in such county or counties on the first Tuesday in January 1919 under the laws now governing similar elections for members of the General Assembly for the election of a member of the General Assembly from said county or counties for the session of 1919 and 1920
Par II The above apportionment shall be changed by the General Assembly at its first session after each census taken by the United States government so as to give the six counties having the largest population three representatives each and to the twentysix counties having the next largest population two representatives each but in no event shall the aggregatenumber of representatives be increased
Section IY
Paragraph I The members of the General Assembly shall be elected for two years and shall serve until the time fixed by law for the convening of the next General Assembly The provisions of this paragraph section and article shall apply to the term of the members of the General Assembly who were elected at the general election for members of the General Assembly in the year 1912
Par II The first election for members of the General Assembly under this Constitution shall take place on the first Wednesday in December 1877 the second election for the same shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and subsequent elections biennially on that day until the day of election is changed by law
Par III The first meeting of the General Assembly after the ratification of this Constitution shall be on the fourth Wednesday in October 1878 and annually thereafter on the same day until the day shall be changed by law
Par IY A majority of each house shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each house may provide
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Par V Each senator and representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interests and prosperity of this State
Par VI No session of the General Assembly shall continue longer than fifty days Provided that if an impeachment trial is pending at the end of fifty days the session may be prolonged till completion of said trial
Par VII No person holding a military commission or other appointment or office having any emolument or compensation annexed thereto under this State or the United States or either of them except justices of the peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either house nor shall any senator or representative after his disqualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without the advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment haying any emolument annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected
Par VIII The seat of a member of either house shall be vacated on hisi removal from the district or county from which he was elected
Section V
Paragraph I The senators shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyfive years and who shall have been citizens of this State for four years and for one year residents of the district from which elected
Par II The presiding officer of the Senate shall be styled the President of the Senate and shall be elected viva voce from the senators
Par III The Senate shall have the sole power to try impeachments
Par IV When sitting for that purpose the members shall be on oath or affirmatiion and shall be presided over by the Chief Justice or the Presiding Justice of the Supreme Court Should th Chief Justice be disqualified the Senate shall select the judge of the Supreme Court to preside No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of twothirds of the members present
Par V Judgments in case of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office and disqualification to hold and
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enjoy any office of honor trust or profit within this State but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment trial judgment and punishment according to law
Section YI
Paragraph I The representatives shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyone years and who shall have been citizens of this State for two years and for one year residents of the counties from which elected
Par II The presiding officer of the House of Eepresentatives shall be styled the Speaker of the House of Eepresentatives and shall be elected viva voce from the body
Par III The House of Eepresentatives shall have the sole power to impeach all persons who shall have been or may be in office
Section VII
Paragraph I Each house shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the house to which he belongs
Par II Each house may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session of any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its presence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either house
Par III The members of both houses shall be free from arrest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in going thereto or returning therefrom except for treason felony larceny or bread of the peace and no member shall be liable to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either house
Par IV Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings and publish it immediately after its adjournment
Par V The original journal shall be preserved after publication in the office of the Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof
Par VI The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the journal
Par VII Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each house unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection but the first and second reading of
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each local bill and bank and railroad charters shall consist of reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed
Par VIII No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subjectmatter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Par IX The general appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the executive legislative and judicial departments of the government payment of the public debt and interest thereon and the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Par X All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Par XI No money shall be drawn from the treasury except by appropriation made by law and a regular statement and account of the receipt and expenditure of all public money shall be published every three months and also with the laws passed by each session of the General Assembly
Par XII No bill or resolution appropriating money shall e come a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each house are recorded
Par XIII All acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either house shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the house by which the same was rejected
Par XIV No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each house of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance so appear on the Journal
Par XV By an act approved September 24 1885 an amendment to the Constitution was submitted to vote of the people in October 1886 and adopted whereby the original of this paragraph was stricken from this Constitution
Par XVI No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be sit
ART 3
uated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited ia the General Assembly before sueh acts shall be passed
Par XVII No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well ai the alteration to be made
Par XVin The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the courts it may confer this authority to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to the Judges of the Superior Courts of this State in vacation All corporate powers and privileges to banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law and if in any event the secretary of State should be disqualified to act in any ease then in that event the legislature shall provide by general laws by what person such charters shall be granted
Par XIX The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Par XX The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passengerrailway within the limits of any incorporated town or city without the consent of the corporate authorities
Par XXI Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both houses for the passing of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the journal
Par XXII The General Assembly shall have power to make all laws and ordinances consistent with this Constitution and not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States which they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of the State
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Par XXIII No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the ease of the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Par XXIV Neither house shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of a disagreement between the two houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Section VIII
Paragraph I The officers of the two houses other than the President and Speaker shall be a secretary of the Senate and clerk of the House of Eepresentatives and such assistants as they may appoint but the clerical expenses of the Senate shall not exceed sixty dollars per day for each session nor those of the House of Eepresentatives seventy dollars per day for each session The secretary of the Senate and clerk of the House of Eepresentatives shall be required to give bond and security for the faithful discharge of their respective duties
Section IX
Paragraph I The per diem of the members of the General Assembly shall not exceed seven dollars and mileage shall not exceed ten cents for each mile traveled by the nearest practicable route in going and returning from the Capital but the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Eepresentatives shall each receive not exceeding ten dollars per day
Section X
Paragraph I All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Eepresentatives When the Senate and House of Eepresentatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Eepresenta tive Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
Section XI
Paragraph I All property of the wife at the time of her marriage and all property given to inherited or acquired by her shall remain her separate property and not be liable for the debts of her husband
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Section XII
Paragraph I All life insurance companies now doing business in this State or which may desire to establish agencies and dc business in the Stat eof Georgia chartered by other States of the Union or foreign States shall show that they have deposited with the comptrollergeneral of the State in which they are chartered or of this State the insurance commissioners or such other officer as may be authorized to receive it not less than one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by such officer equivalent to cash subject tohis order as a guarantee fund for the security of policyholders
Par II When such showing is made to the comptrollergeneral of the State of Georgia fey a proper certificate from the State official having cliarge of the funds so deposited the comptrollergeneral of the State of Georgia is authorized to issue to the company making such showing a license to do business in the State upon paying the fees required by law
Par III All life insurance companies chartered by the State of Georgia or which may hereafter be chartered by the State shall before doing business deposit with the comptrollergeneral of the State of Georgia or with some strong corporation which may be approved by said comptrollergeneral one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by him equivalent to cash to be subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of the polieyholders of the company making such deposit all interests and dividends arising from such securities to be paid when due to the company so depositing Any such securities as may be needed or desired by the company may be taken from said department at any time by replacing them with other securities equally acceptable to the eomptrpllergeneral whose certificate for the same shall be furnished to th company
Par IVy The General Assembly shall from time to time naet laws to compel all fire insurance companies doing business in this State whether chartered by this State or otherwise to deposit reasonable securities with the treasurer of this State to secure the people against losjs by the operations of said companies I
Par V The General Assembly shall compel all insurance companies in this State or doing business therein under proper penalties to make semiannual reports to the Governoy and print the same at their own expense for the information and protection of the people
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ARTICLE IV
Power of the General Assembly Over Taxation
Section I
Paragraph I The right of taxation is a soverign right inalienable indestructible is fhe life of the State and rightfully belongs to the people in all republican governments and neither the General Assembly nor any nor all other departments of the government established by this Constitution shall ever have the authority to irrevocably give grant limit or restrain this right and all laws grants contracts and all other acts whatsoever by said government or any department thereof to effect any of these purposes shall be and are hereby declared to be null and void for every purpose whatsoever and said right of taxation shall always be under the complete control of and revocable by the State notwithstanding any gift grant or contract whatsoever by the General Assembly
Section II
Paragraph I The power and authority of regulating railroad freights and passenger tariffs preventing unjust discriminations and requiring reasonable and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs are hereby conferred upon the General Assembly whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time to regulate freight and passenger tariffs to prohibit unjust discriminations on the various railroads of this State and to prohibit said roads from charging other than just and reasonable rates and enforce the same by adequate penalties
Par II The exercise of the right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the General Assembly from taking the property and franchises of incorporated companies and subjecting them to public use the same as property of individuals and the exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit corporations to conduct their business in such a manner as to infringe the equal rights of individuals or the general wellbeing of the State
Par III The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation now existing nor alter or amend the same nor pass any other general or special law for the benefit of said corporation ercept upon the condition that such corporation shall thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution and every amendment of any charter of any corporation in this State or any special law for its benefit accepted thereby shall operate as a novation of said charter and shall bring the same
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under the provisions of this Constitution Provided that this section shall not extend to any amendment for the purpose of allowing any existing road to take stock in or aid in the building of any branch road
Par IY The General Assembly of this State shall have no power to authorize any corporation to buy shares or stock in any other corporation n this State or elsewhere or to make any contract or agreement whatever with any such corporation which may have the effect or be intended to have the effect to defeat or lessen competition in their respective businesses or to encourage monopoly and all such contracts and agreements shall be illegal and void
Par Y No railroad company shall give or pay any rebate or bonus in the nature thereof direetly or indirectly or do any act to mislead or deceive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freights or passage and any such payments shall be illegal and void and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties ffl
Par YI No provision of this Article shall be deemed held or taken to impair the obligation of any contract heretofore made by the State of Georgia
Par VII The General Assembly shall enforce the provisions of this Article by appropriate legislation
AETICLE V
Executive Department
Section I
Paragraph I The officers of the Executive Department shall consist ofya Governor secretary of State comptrollergeneral and treasurer
Par II The executive power shall be vested in a Governor who shall hold his office during the term of two years and until his successor shall be chosen and qualified He shall not be eligible to reelection after the expiration of a second term for the period of four years He shall havea salary of three thousand dollars per annum until otherwise provided by a law passed by a twothirds vote of both branches of the General Assembly which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected nor shall he receive within that time any other emolument from the United States or either of them or from any foreign power But this reduction of salary shall not apply to the present term of the present Governor
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Par III The first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and the Governorelect shall be installed in office at the next session of the General Assembly An election shall take place biennially thereafter on said day until another date be fixed by the General Assembly Said election shall be helj at the places of holding general elections in the several counties of this State in the manner prescribed for the election of members of the General Assembly and the electors
shall be the same
Par IV The returns for every election of Governor shall be healed up by the managers sepaiately from other returns and directed to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Bepresentatives and transmitted to the secretary of State who shall withoutopening said returns cause th same to be laid before the Senate on the day after the two houses shall have been organized and they shall be transmitted by the Senate to the House of Bepresentatives
Par Y The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall convene in the Bepresentative Hall and the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Bepresentatives shall open and publish the returns in the presence and under the direction of the General Assembly and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Goyernor of this State but if no person shall have such majority then from the two persons having the highest number of votes who shall be in life and shall not decline an lection at the time appointed for the General Assembly to elect the General Assembly shall immediately elect a Governor viva voce and in all eases of election of a Governor by the General Assembly a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Par VI Contested elections shall be determined by both houses of the General Assembly in such manner as shall be prescribed by law
ParVlI No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor who shall not have been a citizen of the United States fifteen years and a citizen of the State six years and who shall not have attained the age of thirty years
Par VTII In case of the death resignation or disability of the Governor the President of th Senate shall exercise the executive powers of the government until such disability be removed or a successor is elected and qualified And in case of the death resigna
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ion or disability of the President of the Senate the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall exercise the executive powers of the government until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor
Par IX The General Assembly shall have power to provide by law for filling unexpired terms by special elections
Par X The Governor shall before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation I do solemnly swear or affirm as the case may be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and will to the best of my ability preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof nd the Constitution of the United States of America
Par XI The Governor shall be commanderinchief of the army and navy of this State and the militia thereof
Par XII He shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons to commute penalties remove disabilities imposed by law and to remit any part of a sentence for offences against th State after conviction except in ease of treason and impeachment subject to such regulations as may be provided by law relative to the manner of applying for pardons Upon conviction for treason he may suspend th execution of the sentence and report the ease to the General Assembly at the next meeting thereof when the General Assembly shall either pardon commute the sentence direct its execution or grant a further reprieve He shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body each case of reprieve pardon or commutation granted stating the name of the convict the offense for whiclji he was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the reprieve pardon or commutation and the reasons for granting the same He shall take care that the laws are faithfully executed and shall be a conservator of the peace throughout the State
Par XIII He shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate or House of Representatives and shall give the General Assembly from time to timfe information of the state of the Commonwealth and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expedient He shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions but no law shall be enacted at call sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them
Par XIV When any office shall become vacant by death resignation or otherwise the Governor shall have power to fill such
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vacancy unless otherwise provided by law and persons so appointed shall continue in office untila successor is commissioned agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution or by law in pursuance thereof
Par XV A person once rejected by the Senate shall not bi reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter
Par XVI The Governor shall haye the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each house may pass a law notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill shall not be returned by the Governor within five days Sundays excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and th latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Par XVII Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both houses may be necessary except on a question of lection or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repasaed by twothirds of each house
Par XVIII He may require information in writing from the officers in the Executive Department on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices It shall be the duty of the Governor quarterly and oftener if he deems it expedient to examine under oath the treasurer and comptrollergeneral of the State on all matters pertaining to their respective offices and to inspect and review their books and accounts The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of either of said officers from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same
Par XIX The Governor shall have the poWer to appoint his own secretaries not exceeding two in number and to provide such other clerical force as may be required in his office for salaries and clerical force in his office shall not exceed the sum of ten thou sand dollars 1000000 and this sum shall not be exceeded either directly or indirectly for any services rendered the Governor in the way of clerical assistance or in any other manner
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Section II
Paragraph I The secretary of State comptrollergeneral and treasurer shall be elected by persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor The provisions of the Constitution as to the transmission of the returns of election counting the votes declaring the result deciding when there is no election and when there is a contested election applicable to the election of Governor shallv apply to the election of secretary of State comptrollergeneral and treasurer they shall be commissioned by the Governor and hold their offices for the same time as the Governor
Par II The salary of the treasurer shall not exceed fortyeight hundred dollars per annum the salary of the assistant treasurer shall not exceed thirtysix hundred dollars per annum The other clerical expenses of the Treasury Department shall not exceed six thousand dollars per annum TheI premium on the bond of the treasurer shall be paid by the State provided that this amendment shall not take effect until the Bank Bureau as now conducted in the State Treasury Department shall have been separated from that department according to law
Par III The salary of the secretary of State shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the clerical expenses of his department shall not exceed one thousand dollars per annum
Par IV The salary of the comptrollergeneral shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum The clerical expenses of his department including the insurance department and wildland clerk shall not exceed four thousand dollars per annum and without said clerk it shall not exceed three thousand dollars per annum
Par V The treasurer shall not be allowed directly or indirectly to receive any fee interest or reward from any person bank or corporation for the deposit or use in any manner of the public funds and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par VI No person shall be eligible to the office of secretary of State comptrollergeneral or treasurer unless he shall have been a citizen of the United States for ten years and shall have resided in this State for six years next preceding his election and shall be twentyfive years of age when elected All of said officers shall give bond and security under regulations to be prescribed by law for the faithful discharge of their duties
Par VII The secretary of State the comptrollergeneral and
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the treasurer shall not be allowed any fee perquisite or compensation other than their salaries as prescribed by law except their necessary expenses when absent from the seat of government on business for the State
Section III
Paragraph I The great seal of the State shall be deposited in the office of the secretary of State and shall not be affixed to any instrument of writing except by order of the Governor or General Assembly and that now in use shall be the great seal of the State until otherwise provided by law
ARTICLE VI
Judiciary
Section I
The judicial powers of the State shall be vested in a Supreme Court a Court of Appeals superior courts courts of ordinary justices of the peace commissioned notaries public and such other courts as have been ormay be established by law
Section II
Paragraph I The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Jusj tiee and five Associate Justices A majority of the court shall constitute a quorum
Par II When one or more of the judges are disqualified from deciding any ease by interest or otherwise the Governor shall designate ajudge or judges of the superior courts to preside in said case
Par III No judge of any court shall preside in any case where the validity of any bondFederal State corporation or municipalis involved who holds in his own right or as the representative of others any material interests in the class of bonds upon which the question to be decided arises
Par IV The Chief Justice and Associate Justices shall hold their offices for six years and until their successors are qualified A successor to the incumbent whose term will soonest expire shall be elected by the General Asembly in 1880 a successor to the incumbent whose term of office is next in duration shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1882 and a successor to the third incumbent shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1884 but appointments to fill vacancies shall only be for the unexpired term or until such vacancies are filled by elections agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution
Par V The Supreme Court shall have no original jurisdiction but shall be a court alone for the trial and correction of errors of
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law from the superior courts and the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases that involve the construction of the Constitution of the State of Georgia or of the United States or of treaties between the United States and foreign governments in all cases in which the constitutionality of any law of the State of Georgia or of the United States is drawn in question and until otherwise provided by law in all cases respecting titles to land in all equity cases in all cases which involve the validity of or the construction of wills in all cases of conviction of a capital felony in all habeascorups cases in all cases involving extraordinary remeedies in all divorce and alimony eases andxin all eases certified to it by the Court of Appeals for its determination It shall also be competent for the Supreme Court to require by certiorari or otherwise any case to be certified to the Supreme Court from the Court of Appeals for review and determination with the same power and authority as if the case had been carried by writ of error to the Supreme Court Any case carried to the Supreme Court or to the Court of Appeals which belongs to the class of which the other court has jurisdiction shall until otherwise provided by law be transferred to the other court under such rules as the Supreme Court may prescribe and the cases so transferred shall be heard and determined by the court which has jurisdiction thereof
Par VI The Supreme Court shall dispose ofevery case at the first or second term after such writ of error is brought and in case the plaintiff in error shall not be prepared at the first term to prosecute the caseunless prevented by providential causeit shall be stricken from the docket and the judgment below shall stand affirmed
Par VII In any case the court may in its discretion withhold its judgment until the next term after the same is argued
Par VIII The Supreme Court shall hereafter consist of a1 Chief Justice and five Associate Justices The court shall have power to hear and determine cases when sitting either in a body or in two divisions of three judges each under such regulations as may be prescribed by the General Assembly A majority of either division shall constitute a quorum for that division The Chief Justice and the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court shall hereafter be elected by the people at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor and the Statehouse officers are elected except that the first election under this amendment shall be held on the third Wed
ART T u 11
nesday in December 1896 at which time one Associate Justice shall
be elected fox a full term of six years to fill the vacancy occurring oh January 1st 1897 by the expiration of the term of one of the present incumbents and three additional Associate Justices shall be elected for terms expiring respectively January 1st 1899 January 1st 1901 and January 1st 1903 The persons elected as additional Associate Justices shall among themselves determine by lot which of the three lastmentioned terms each shall have and they shall be commissioned accordingly 4fter sai fiyst election all terms except unexpired terms shall be for six years each In ease of any vacancy which causes an unexpired term the same shall be filled by executive appointment and the person appointed by the Governor shall hold his offiee until the next regular election and until his successor for the balance of the unexpired term shall have been elected and qualified The returns of said special election shall be made to the secretary of State
Par IX The Court of Appeals shall consist of the judges provided therefor by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment and of such additional judges as the General Assembly shall from time to time prescribe All terms of the judges of the Court of Appeals after the expiration of the terms of the judges provided for by law at the time of the ratification of the amendment except unexpired terms shall continue six years and until their successors are qualified The time and manner of electing judges and the mode of filling a vacancy which causes an unexpired term shall be the same as are or may be provided for by the laws relating to the election and appointment of Justices of the Supreme Court The Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction for the trial ana correction of errors of law from the superior courts and from the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities and in all eases jn which such jurisdiction has not been conferred by this Constitution upon the Supreme Court and in such other cases as may hereafter be prescribed by law except that where a case is pending in the Court of Appeals and the Court of Appeals desires instruction from the Supreme Court it may certify the same to the Supreme Court and thereupon a transcript of the record shall be transmitted to the Supreme Court which after having afforded to the parties an opportunity to be heard thereon shall instruct the Court of Appeals on the question so certified and the Court of Appeals shall be bound by the instructions so given But if by reason of equal division of opinion among the Justices of the Supreme Court no such
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instruction is given the Court of Appeals may decide the question The manner of certifying questions to the Supreme Court by the Court of Appeals and the subsequent proceedings in regard to the same in the Supreme Court shall be as the Supreme Court shall by its rules prescribed until otherwise provided by law No affirmance of the judgment of the court below in eases pending in the Court of Appeals shall result from delay in disposing of questions or cases certified from the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court or as to which such certificate has been required by the Supreme Court as hereinbefore provided All writs of error in the Supreme Court or the Court of Appeals when received by its clerk during a term of the court and before the docket of the term is by order of the court closed shall be entered thereon when received at any other time shall be entered on the docket of the next term and they shall stand for hearing at the term for which they are so entered under such rules as the courts may prescribe until otherwise provided by law The Court of Appeals shall appoint a clerk and a sheriff of the court The reporter of the Supreme Court shall be the reporter of the Court of Appeals until otherwise provided by law The laws relating to the Supreme Court as to qualifications and salaries of judges the designation of other judges to preside when members of the court are disqualified the powers duties salaries fees and terms of officers the mode of carrying cases to the court the powers practice procedure times of sitting and costs of the court the publication of reports of eases decided therein and in all other respects except as otherwise provided in this Constitution or by the laws as to the Court of Appeals at the time of the ratification of this amendment and until otherwise provided by law shall apply to the Court of Appeals so far as they can be made to apply The decisions of the Supreme Court shall bind the Court of Appeals as precedents
Section III
Paragraph I There shall be a judge of the superior courts for each judicial circuit whose term of office shall be four years and until his successor is qualified He may act in other circuits when authorized by law The legislature shall have authority to add one or more additional judges of the superior court for any judicial circuit in this State and shall have authority to regulate the manner in which the judges of such circuits shall dispose of the business thereof and shall fix the time at which the term or terms of office of such additional judge or judges shall begin and the

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maimer of his appointment or election and shall have authority fromtime to time to add to the number of such judges in any judicial circuit or to reduce the number of judges in any judicial circuit Provided that at all times there shall be at least one judge in every judicial circuit of this State
Par II The successors to the present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly of the whole State at the general election held for such inembers next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years
Par III The term of the judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their election Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointments of th Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected
Section TV
Paragraph I The superior court shall have exclusive jurisdie tion in cases of divorce in criminal cases where the offender is subjected to loss of life or confinement in the penitentiary in cases respecting1 titles to land and equity cases
Par il The General Assembly may confer upon the courts of common law allthe powers heretofore exercised by courts of equity in this State
Par III Said courts shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases except as hereinafter provided
Par IV They shall have appellate jurisdiction in all such cases as may be provided by law
Par V They shall have power to correct errors in inferior judicatories by writ of certiorari which shall only issue on the sanction of the judge and said courts and the judges thereof shall have power to issue writs of mandamus prohibition scire facias and all other writs that may be necessary for carrying their powers fully into effect and shall have such other powers as are or may be conferred on them by law
Par VI The General Assembly may provide for an appeal
AKT 6
from one jury in the superior and city courts to another and the said court may grant new trials on legal grounds
Par VII The court shall render judgment without the verdict of a jury in all civil cases founded on unconditional contracts in writing where an issuable defense is not filed under oath or affirmation
Par VIII The superior courts shall sit in each county not less than twice in each year at such times as have been or may be appointed by law
Par IX The General Assembly may provide by law for the appointment of some proper person to preside in cases where the presiding judge is from any cause disqualified
Section V
Paragraph I In any county within which there is or hereafter may be a city court the judge of said court and of the superior court may preside in the courts of eaeh other in cases where the judge of either court is disqualified to preside
Section VI
Paragraph I The powers of a court of ordinary and of pro bate shall be vested in an ordinary for each county from whose decision there may be an appeal or by consent of parties without a decision to the superior court under regulations prescribed by law
Par II The courts of ordinary shall have such powers in relation to roads bridges ferries public buildings paupers county officers county funds county taxes and other county matters as may be conferred on them by law
Par III The ordinary shall hold his office for the term of four years and until his successor is elected and qualified
Section VII
Paragraph I There shall be in each militia district one justice of the peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be four years Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and of notary public exofficio justices of the peace in any city in this State having a population of over twenty thousandand establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subject matter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace
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and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or to subject matter as may be provided by law whereof some other Court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together also with such provision as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such furthef provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court of the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section 9 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia
Par II Justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases arising ex contractu and in eases of injuries or damages to personal property when the principal sum does not exceed one hundred dollars and shall sit monthly at fixed times and places but in all cases there may be an appeal to a jury in said court or an appeal to the superior court under such regulations as may be prescribed by law
Par III Justices of the peace shall be elected by the legal voters in their respective districts and shall be commissioned by the Governor They shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section VIII
Paragraph I Commissioned notaries public not to exceed one for each militia district may be appointed by the judges of superior courts in their respective circuits upon recommendation of the grand juries of the several counties They shall be commissioned by the Governor for the term of four years and shall be exofficio justices of the peace and shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section IX
Paragraph I The jurisdiction powers proceedings and practice of all courts or officers invested with judicial powers except city courtsi of the sdme grade or class so far as regulated by law and the force and effect of the process judgment ond decree by such courts severally shall be uniform This uniformity must be established by the General Assembly
Section X
Paragraph I There shall be an attorneygeneral of this State
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ART 6
who shall be elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor
Par II It shall be the duty of the attorneygeneral to act as the legal adviser of the executive department to represent the State in the Supreme Court in all capital felonies and in all civil and criminal cases in any court when required by the Governor and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XI
Paragraph I There shall be a solicitorgeneral for each judicial circuit whose official term except to fill a vacancy shall be four years The successors of present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the whole State qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other cause shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a Successor for the unexpired term shall be elected Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by tthe General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years
Par II t shall be the duty of the solicitorgeneral to represent the State in all cases in the superior courts of his circuit and in all cases taken up from his circuit to the Supreme Court and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XIII
Paragraph I The Justices of the Supreme Court each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 5000 per annum the Judges of the Court of Appeals each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 5000 per annum the Judges of the superior courts each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 4000 per annum the attorneygeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the solicitorsgeneral each shall have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the attorney general shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution Provided however that the counties of Clarke Floyd Sumter Muscogee Bibb and Richmond shall supplement from their respective county treasuries the salaries of the judges of the circuits
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of which they are a part by such sura as will be necessary with salaries paid each of said judges from the State treasury to make a salary of 5000 each per annum of such judges and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said counties and such payments shall be made to the judges now in officeas well as to their successors Provided further that the County of Pulton shall supplement the salary of the judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit or the judge of such other circuit as may be hereafter required to regularly preside therein for additional services rendered in the Superior Court of said county such sums as will with the salary paid such judge from the State Treasury make a salary of 5000 per annum said payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of Pulton County such payments to be made to the judge now in office as well as to his successors
Provided that the county of Chatham shall from its treasury pay to the Judges of the Superior Courts of the Eastern Judicial Circuit three thousand dollars per annum said payments are hereby declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county and shall be made to the judges now in office as well as their successors Provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of Ful ton County or such other board or person as may from time to time exercise the administrative powers of Pulton County shall have power and authority to pay the judges of the superior court of Pulton County such sums in addition to the salafies paid by the State as said administrative authority or authorities may deem advisable and the amounts so paid are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county Such sums may be paid to the judges in office at the time such addition to the compensation is voted as well as their successors in office
The Act of the General Assembly of 1904 entitled An Act to regulate the salaries of Judges of the Superior Courts of all Judicial Circuits of this Statev having or that may hereafter have therein a city with a population of not less than 54000 nor more than 75000 inhabitants and for other purposes with the Acts of the General Assembly of 1905 and 1906 amendatory thereof and also the Act of the General Assembly of 1906 entitled An Act to Regulate the Comenpsation of Judges of the Superior Courts for services rendered outside of their own Circuits in those Judicial Circuits of the State having therein a city of not less than 75000 inhabitants according to the Census of 1900 and for other purposes which Acts provide for the payment from the treasuries of the coun
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ties containing said cities to the judges aforesaid of a part of their salaries are ratified validated and confirmed as to the dates of said respective enactments
Par H The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such change shall affect the officers then in commission Provided however that the General Assembly shall have power at any time by a majority vote of each branch to abolish the fees at present accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any particular judicial circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe a salary for such office in addition to the salary prescribed in paragraph 1 of this section of this article and without regard to the uniformity of such salaries in the various circuits and shall have the further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any such judicial circuit where the fees are abolished
Section XIV
Paragraph I No person shall be judge of the Supreme or superior courts or attorneygeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained the age of thirty years and shall have beeji a citizen of theState three years and have practiced law for seven years and no person shall be hereafter elected solicitorgen eral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained twentyfive years of age shall have been a eitizen of the State for three years and shall have practiced law for three years next preceding his election 6
Section XV
Paragraph I No total divorce shall be granted exceDt on tho concurrent verdicts of two juries at different terms of theP court
1Pain men a divorce is granted the jury rendering the mal verdict shall determine the rights and disabilities of the parties
Section XVI
Paragraph I Divorce cases shall be brought in the county where the defendant resides if a resident of this State if the defendant be not a resident of this State then in the county in which the plaintiff resides
Par II Cases respecting titles to land shall be tried in the county where the land lies except where a single tract is divided y a county line in which case the superior court in either county shall have jurisdiction J
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Par III Equity eases shall be tried in the county where a
defendant resides against whom substantial relief is prayed
Par IV Suits against joint obligors joint promissors copartners or joint trespassers residing in different counties may be tried in either eounty
Par V Suits against the maker and indorser of promissory notes or drawer acceptor and endorser of foreign or inland bills of exchange or like instruments residing in different counties shall be brought in the eounty where the maker or acceptor resides
Par VT All other civil cases shall be tried in the county where the defendant resides and all criminal cases shall be tried in the eounty where the crime was committed except cases in the superior courts where the judge is satisfied that an impartial jury cannot be obtained in such county
Section XVII
Paragraph I The power to change the venue in civil and cnui inal cases shall be vested in the superior courts to be exercised in such manner as has been or shall be provided by law
Section XVIII
Paragraph I The right of trial by jury except where it is otherwise provided in this Constitution shall remain inviolate but tfie General Assembly may prescribe any number not less than five to constitute a trial or traverse jury in courts other than the superior and city courts
Par II The General Assembly shall provide1 by law for the selection of the most experienced intelligent and upright men to serve as grand jurors and intelligent and uptight men to serve as traverse jurors Nevertheless the grand jurors shall be competent to serve astraverse jurors
Par III It shall be the duty of the General Assembly by general laws to prescribe the manner of fixing compensation of jurors in all counties in this State
Section XIX
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have power to provide for the creation of county commissioners in such counties as may require them and to define their duties
Section XX
Paragraph I All courts not specially mentioned by name in
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the first section of this atricle may be abolished in any county at the discretion of the General Assembly
Section XXI
Paragraph I The costs in the Supreme Court shall not exceed ten dollars until otherwise provided by law Plaintiffs in error shall not be required to pay costs in said court when the usual pauper oath is filed in the court below
ARTICLE YU
Finance Taxation and Public Debt
Section I
Paragraph I The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only
For the support of the State government and the public institutions
For educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only
To pay interest on the public debt
To pay the principal of the public debt
To suppress insurrection to repel invasion and defend the State in time of war
To supply the soldiers who lost a limb or limbs in the military service of the Confederate States with substantial artificial limbs during life and make suitable provisions for such Confederate soldiers as may have been otherwise disabled or permanentlly injured in such service or who may by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty be unable to provide a living for themselves and for the widows of luch Confederate soldiers as may have died in the service of the Confederate States or since from wounds received therein or disease contracted in the service or who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselves Provided that the Act shall only apply to such widows as were married at the time of such service and have remained unmarried since the death of such soldier husband
To make provisions for the payment of pensions to any exConfederate soldier now residing in this State who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States during the Civil War be
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tween the States of the United States and who performed actual
military services in the armies of the Confederate or of the organized militia of this State and was honorably discharged therefrom and to the widows now resident of this State of exConfederate soldiers who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States and who performed actual service in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State who died in said military service or was honorably discharged therefrom who were married prior to January 1 1881 No widow of a soldier killed during the war shall be deprived of her pension by reason of having subsequently married another veteran who is dead unless she is receiving a pension on account of being the widow of such first husband
Par II The levy of taxes on property for any one year by the General Assembly for all purposes except to provide for repelling invasion suppressing insurrection or defending the State in time of war shall not exceed five mills on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in the State
Section II
Paragraph I All taxation shall be uniform upon the same class of subjects and ad valorem on all property subject to be taxed within the territorial limits of the authority levying the tax and shall be levied and collected under general laws The General Assembly may however impose a tax upon such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive of other property
Par II The General Assembly may by law exempt from taxation all public property places of religious worship or burial all institutions of purely public eharity all buildings erected for and USed as a college incorporated academy or other seminary of learning and also all funds or property held or used as endowment by such colleges incorporated academies or seminaries of learning provided the same is not invested in real estate and provided further that said exemption shall only apply to such colleges incorporated academies or other seminaries of learning as are open to the general public provided further that all endowments to institutions established for white people shall be limited to white people and all endowments to institutions established for colored people shall be limited to colored people the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other literary association used by or connected with such library all books and philosophical apparatus and all paintings and statuary of any company or association kept
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ART 7
in a public hall and not held as merchandise or for purposes of sale or gain provided the property so exempted be not used for purposes of private or corporate profit or income The General Assembly shall further have power to exempt from taxation farm products including baled cotton grown in this State and remaining m the hands of the producers but not longer than for the year next after their production
Par III No polltax shall be levied except for educational purposes and such tax shall not exceed one dollar annually upon each
Par IV All laws exempting property from taxation other than the property herein enumerated shall be void
Par V The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall not be surrendered or suspended by any contract or grant to which the State shall be a party
Par VI All persons or classes of persons who Were by laws of force January 1st 1911 required to mWke returns for taxation to the comptrollergeneral and all who may hereafter be so required shaU on or before the first day of March of each year make such returns as of date of January 1st of that year and shall pay the taxes arising on such returns in favor of the State on or before the first of September of the same year anything heretofore contained m the Constitution or laws of Georgia to the contrary notwithstanding The laws of force on said date governing such returns and payments and the collection and enforcement thereof shall remain Qf force as applicable to the returns and payments herein required
T1 he Same ShaU be ehaned h7 law 1 GeneralAssembly shall have power to make or alter all laws that may be necessary or proper for enforcing the provisions of this paragraph
Section ITT
Paragraph I No debt shall be contracted by or on behalf of the State except to supply such temporary deficit as may exist in the treasury m any year from necessary delay in collecting the taxes o that year to repel invasion suppress insurrection and defend the State in time of war by to pay the existing public debt but the debt created to supply deficiencies in revenue shall not exceed in the aggregate Five Hundred Thousand Hollars and any loan made for this purpose shall be repaid out of the taxes levied for the year in which the loan is made
Section IV
Paragraph I All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by
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or on behalf of the State shall specify the purposes for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purpose specified and for no other
Section Y
Paragraph I The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual company corporation or association and the State shall not become j joint owner or stockholder in any company association or corporation
Section YI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not authorize any county municipal corporation or political division of this State to become a stockholder in any company corporation or association or to appropriate money for or to loan its credit to any corporation company association institution or individual except for purely charitable purposes This restriction shall not operate to prevent the support of schools by municipal corporations within their respective limits Provided that if any municipal corporation shall offer to the State any property for locating or building a capitol and the State accepts such offer the corporation may comply with such offer
Par II The General Assembly shall not hate power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose except for educational purposes to build and repair the public buildings and bridges to maintain and support prisoners to pay jurors and coroners and for litigation quarantine roads and expenses of courts to support paupers and pay debts heretofore existing to pay the county police and to provide for necessary sanitation
Section YII
Paragraph I The debt hereafter incurred by any county municipal corporation or political division of this State except as in this Constitution provided for shall not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein and no such county municipality or division shall incur any new debt except for a temporary loan or loans to supply casual deficiencies of revenue not exceeding onefifth of one per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property therein without the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters thereof voting at an election for that purpose to be held as prescribed by law provided said twothirds so voting shall be a majority of the registered voters and provided further that
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all laws charter provisions and ordinances heretofore passed or enacted providing special registration of the voters of counties municipal corporations and other political divisions of this State to pass upon the issuance of bonds by such counties municipal corporations and other political divisions are hereby declared to be null and void and the General Assembly shall hereafter have no power to pass or enact any law providing for such special registration but the validity of any and all bond issues by such counties municipal corporations or other political divisions made prior to January 1st 1918 shall not be affected hereby but any city the debt of which does not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property at the time of the adoption of this Constitution may be authorized by law to increase at any time the amount of said debt three per centum upon such assessed valuation except that the City Council of Augusta from time to time as necessary for the purpose of protection against floods may incur a bonded indebtedness upon its power producing canal and municipal water works in addition to the debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to an amount in the aggregate not exceeding fifty per centum of the combined value of such properties the valuation of such properties to be fixed as may be prescribed by law but said valuation not to exceed a figure five per cent on which shall represent the revenue net per annum produced by the two such properties together at the time of said valuation and such indebtedness not to be incurred except with the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters of such city at an election or elections held for that purpose to be held as maybe now or may be hereafter prescribed by law for the incurring Jf new debts by said the City Council of Augusta
Reserving to the municipal corporations the benefit of all provisions of the Constitution of force in this State the General As sembly is hereby empowered to authorize any municipal corporation within this State having a population of one hundred and fifty thousand or more according to the census of the United States government taken next preceding the approval of any Act passed in pursuance hereof to incur a bonded debt or debts for the public purposes of such municipality the said debt or debts so to be incurred to be for such sums and to be secured after such manner and to be paid principal and interest at such time and such places and hy such means and upon such terms as the General Assembly may prescribe
Provided however that no act conferring the powers aforesaid
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or any of them shall become operative until the same shall have been affirmed at a general election held for the election of a mayor and general council in such municipality by twothirds of the qualified voters thereof who may vote at said election Such twothirds to constitute at least a majority of the qualified voters of said municipality
Par II Any county municipal corporation or political division of this State which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this Constitution shall at or before the time of so doing provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebtedness
Section VII
Paragraph I The State shall not assume the debt nor any part thereof of any county municipal corporation or political division of the State unless such debt shall be contracted to enable the State to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of war
Section IX
Paragraph I The receiving directly or indirectly by any officer of the State or county or member or officer of the General Assembly of any interests profits or perquisites arising from the use or loan of public funds in his hands or moneys to be raised through his agency for State or county purposes shall be deemed a felony and punishable as may be prescribed by law a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office
Section X
Paragraph I Municipal corporations shall not incur any debt until provision therefor shall have been made by the municipal government
Section XI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money direetly or indirectly to pay the whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds or other obligations which have been pronounced illegal null and void by the General Assembly and the constitutional amendments ratified by a Vote of the people on the first day of May 1877 nor shall the General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created
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by the State under laws passed during the late war between the States nor any of the bonds notes or obligations made and entere 1 into during the existence of said war the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the United States and the Confederate States nor shall the General Assembly pass any law or the Governor or other State official enter into any contract or agreement whereby the State shall be made a party to any suit in any court of this State or of the United States instituted to test the validity of any such bonds of obligations
Section XII
Paragraph I The bonded debt of the State shall never be increased except to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend the State in time of war
Section XIII
Paragraph I The proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Macon and Brunswick or other railroads held by the State and any other property owned by the State whenever the General Assembly may authorize the sale of the whole or any part thereof shall be applied to the payment of the bonded debt of the State7 and shall not be used for any other purpose whatever so long as the State has any existing bonded debt Provided that the proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which said railroad has been mortgaged in preference to all other bonds
Section XIV
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each year in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses and interest on the public debt the sum of one hundred thousand dollars which shall be held as a sinking fund to pay off and retire the bonds of the State which have not yet matured and shall be applied to no other purpose whatever If the bonds cannot at any time be purchased at or below par then the sinking fund herein provided for may be loaned by the Governor and treasurer of the State Provided the security which shall be demanded for said loan shall consist only of the valid bonds of the State but this section shall not take effect until the eight per cent currency bonds issued under the Act of February the 19th 1873 shall have been paid
Section XV
Paragraph I The comptrollergeneral and treasurer shall each 185
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make to the Governor a quarterly report of the financial condition of the State which report shall include a statement of the assets liabilities and income of the State and expenditures therefor for the three months preceding and it shall be the duty of the Governor to carefully examine the same by himself or through competent per sons connected with his department and cause an abstract thereof to be published for the information of the people which abstract shall be indorsed by him as having been examined
Section XYI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not by vot resolution or order grant any donation or gratuity in avor of any person corporation or association
Par II The General Assembly shall not grant or authorize extra compensation to any publie officer agent or contractor after the service has been rendered or the contract entered into
Section XYII
Paragraph I The office of the State printer shall cease with the expiration of the term of the present incumbent and the General Assembly shall provide by law for letting the public printing to the lowest responsible bidder or bidders who shall give adequate and satisfactory security for the faithful performance thereof No member of the General Assembly or other public officer shall be interested either directly or indirectly in any such contract
ABTICLE VIII
Education
Section I
Paragraph I There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of the children as nearly uniform as practicable the expense of which shall Be provided for by taxation or otherwise The schools shall be free to all children of the State but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races
Section II
Paragraph I There shall be a State school commissioner elected by the people at the same time and manner as the Governor and Statehouse officers are elected whose term of office shall be two years and until his successor is elected and qualified His offieo
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shall be at the seat of government and he shall be paid a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum The General Assembly may substitute for the State school commissioner such officer or officers as may be deemed necessary to perfect the system of public education
Section III
Paragraph I The poll tax any educational fund now belonging to the State except the endowment of and debt due to the University of Georgia a Special tax on shows and exhibitions and on the sale of spirituous and malt liquors which the General Assembly is hereby authorized to assess and the proceeds of any commutation tax for military service and all taxes that may be assessed on such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive to other property are hereby set apart and devoted for the support of common schools
Section IV
Paragraph I Authority may be granted to counties militia districts school districts and to municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority to establish and mainf tain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation but no such laws shall take effect until the same shall have been submitted to a vote of the qualified voters in each county militia district school district or municipal corporation and approved by twothirds majority of persons voting at such election and the General Assembly may prescribe who shall vote on such questions
Section V
Paragraph I Existing local school systems shall not be affected by this Constitution Nothing contained in first section of this article shall be construed to deprive schools in this State not common schools from participation in the educatibnal fund of the State as to all pupils therein taught in the elementary branches of an English education
Section VI
Paragraph I The trustees of the University of Georgia may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of said University In addition to the payment of the annual interest on the debt due by the State to the University the General Assembly may from time to time make such donations
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hereto as the condition of the treasury will authorize And the General Assembly may also from time to time make such appropriations of money as the condition of the treasury will authorize to any college or university not exceeding one in number now established or hereafter to be established in this State for the education of persons of color
ARTICLE IX
Homestead and Exemption
Section I
Paragraph I There shall be exempt from levy and sale by virtue of any process whatever under the laws of this State except as hereinafter excepted of the property of every head of a family or guardian or trustee of a family of minor children or every aged or infirin person or person having the care and support of dependent females of any age who is not the head of a family realty or personalty or both to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars
Section II
Paragraph I No court or ministerial officer in this State shall ever have jurisdiction or authority to enforce any judgment execution or decree against the property et apart for such purpose including sueh improvements as may be made thereon from time to time except for taxes for the purchasemoney of the same for labor done thereon for material furnished therefor or for the removal of incumbrances thereon
Section III
Paragraph I The debtor shall have power to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in this Article except as to wearing apparel and not exceeding three hundred dollars worth of household and kitchen furniture and provisions to be selected by himself and his wife if any and he shall not after it is set apart alienate or encumber the property so exempted but it may be sold by the debtor and his wife if any jointly with the sanction of the judge of the superior court of the county where the debtor resides or the land is situated the proceed to be reinvested upon the same uses
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Section IY
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall provide by law ns early as practicable for the setting apart and valuation of said property But nothing in this Article shall be construed to affect or repeal the existing laws for exemption of property from sale contained in the present Code of this State in paragraphs 2040 to 2049 inclusive and the Acts amendatory thereto It may be optional with the applicant to take either but not both of such exemptions
Section Y
Paragraph I The debtor shall have authority to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in section four except as it is excepted in section three of this article
Section YJ
Paragraph I The applicant shall at any time have the right to supplement his exemption by adding to an amount already set apart which isvless than the whole amount of exemption herein alowed a sufficiency to make his exemption equal to the whole amount
Section VII
Paragraph I Homestead and exemptions of personal property which have been heretofore set apart by virtue of the provisions of the existing Constitution of this State and in accordance with the lawsfor the enforcement thereof or which may be hereafter so set apart at any time shall be and remain valid as against all debts and liabilities existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution to the same extent that they would have been had said existing Constitution not been revised
Section YIII
K
Paragraph I Eights which have become vested under previously existing laws shall not be affected by anything herein contained In all cases in which homesteads have been set apart under the Constitution of 1868 and the laws made in puruance thereof and a bona fide sale of such property has been subsequently made and the full purchaseprice thereof has been paid all right of exemption in such property by reason of its having been so set apart shall cease in so far as it affects the right of the purchaser In all such cases where
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V
Paragraph I Parties who have taken homestead of realty under the Constitution of eighteen hundred and sixtyeight shall have the right to sell said homestead and reinvest the same by order ot the judge of the superior courts of this State
Paragraph I A well regulated militia being essential to the peace and security of the State the General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this State shall be organized officered trained armed and equipped and of whom it
shall consist
Par II The General Assembly shall have power to authorize
the formation of volunteer companies and to provide for their organization into battalions regiments brigades divisions and corps with such restrictions as may be prescribed by law and shall have
authority to arm and equip the same
Par TIT The officers and men of the militia and volunteer forces shall not be entitled to receive any pay rations or emoluments when not in active service by authority of the State
Paragraph I Each county shall be a body corporate with such powers and limitations as may be prescribed by law All suits by or against a county shall be in the name thereof and the metes and bounds of the several counties shall remain as now prescribed by law unless changed as hereinafter provided
Paragraph II There shall not be more than one hundred and fortyfive counties in this State Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the counties of Irwin and Wil
ARTICLE X
Militia
I
Section I
ARTICLE XI
Counties and County Officers Section I
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cox bounded as follows Beginning at the point where the south line of land lot No 167 in the third district of Wilcox County crosses the Alapaha river and running due east along the south line to the northeast corner of land lot No 159 in the third district of Irwin county thence north to the northeast corner of land lot No 172 in the third district of Wilcox county thence east to the northeast corner of land lot No 174 in the third district of Irwin county thence south to the northeast corner of land lot No 157 in the third district of Irwin county and thence east to the northeast corner of land lot No 156 in the third district of Irwin county and thence south to the northeast corner of land lot No 66 in the third district of Irwin county thence east to the northeast corner of land lot No 62 in the third district of Irwin county and thence south to the northeast corner of land lot No 32 in the third district of Irwin county thence east to the southeast comer of land lot No 233 in the fourth district of Irwin county and thence north to the southwest corner of land lot No 206 in the fourth district of Irwin county and thence east to the southeast cojper of land lot No 39 in the fourth district of Irwin county and thence north along th3 east line of land lot No 39 to the Ocmulgee river and thence in a westerly direction along the Ocmulgee river to the point where House creek in Wilcox county Vempties into the Ocmulgee river and thence in a westerly direction along the said House creek to the point where the said House creek crosses the north line of land lot No 255 in the third district of Wilcox county and thence west along the north line of said land lot No 255 and the district line between the first and third districts in the said county of Wilcox to the Alapaha river and thence in a southerly direction along the said Alapaha river to the starting point That Fitzgerald shall be the county site of said county Said county shall be attached to the Third Congressional District and to the Oconee judicial circuit until another circuit shall be established embracing the present county of Irwin in which case it shall belong to said new circuit and shall be attached to the fifteenth State senatorial district That all legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Ben Hill entitled to vote for members in the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1907 elect an ordinary a clerk of the superior court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor and a county treasurer and three commissioners of roads and revenues for said county said election to be held at Fiffcgerald the county site of said county That the
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superior courts of said county shall be held on the first Mondays in April and October of each year The limits of the said county the Congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit o which it is attached the time of holding the terms of the superior courts shall be designated above until changed by law
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from the territory now comprising Pulaski County to be made up and composed of all that part of the territory of Pulaski County lying north and east of a line extending northwest and southeast across said county said line beginning at the point on the boundary line of Pulaski and Dodge Counties where land lots Nos 123 and 148 in the 20th land district of Pulaski County meet and thence extending from said point in a northwesterly direction along the line dividing said lots 123 and 148 thence continuing in a northwesterly direction along the dividing lines of the following land lots Nos 122 and 149 121 and 150 in the 20th land district and Nos 300 and 301 299 and 302 298 and 303 297 and 304 296 and 305 295 and 306 294 and 307 293 and 308 292 and 309 291 and 310 290 and 311 289 and 312 288 and 313 267 and 314 286 and 315 in the 21st land district and Nos 354 and 361 and between lots 360 and 355 and between 359 and 356 between 358 and 357 in the 24th land district to the Oemulgee river and to the line of Houston County
That the said new county shall be known as the County of Bleckley and the City of Cochran shall be the county site of the same
That the said County of Bleckley shall be attached to the same Congressional District and to the same Judicial Circuit and to the same State Senatorial District as those to which the County of Pulaski is attached at the date of the ratification of this amendment
That all legal voters residing in the limits of the county of Bleckley entitled to Vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in January following the ratification of this proposed amendment elect an Ordinary a Clerk of the Superior Court a Sheriff a Coroner a Tax Collector a Tax Beeeiver a County Surveyor and a County Treasurer and one Commissioner of Boads and Eevenues for said new county and said election shall be held at Cochran
That the Superior Courts of said Bleckley County shall be held on the second Monday in January and the first Monday in July of each year
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That the Congressional and Senatorial Districts the Judicial Circuit to which said county is attached the time of holding the term of the Superior Court and the limits of the county shall be as designated above until changed by law
Provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to said County of Bleckley whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State
Provided however that in addition to the counties now pro vided for by this constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the county of Montgomery and bounded as follows Commencing at a point on the western bank of the Oconee river where the Laurens county line intersects with said river thence down the western bank of the said river to the mouth of the said river thence up the northern bank of the Ocmulgee river to the mouth of Little Ocmulgee river thence up the said Little Ocmulgee river to the line of Dodge county thence east along said line of Dodge county and Laurens county to the western bank of the Oconee river to the starting point That said new county the boundaries of which are described herein shall be called and known by the name of Wheeler and shall be attached to and become a part of the Twelfth Congressional district the Fifteenth State Senatorial district and the Oconee judicial circuit and the county site of the said new county shall be the town of Alamo That all legal voters residing in the limits as herein described of said proposed new county of Wheeler entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1918 elect an ordinary a clerk of superior court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor a county treasurer and three commissioners of roads and revenues for said county said election to be held at the town of Alamo the county site of said new county That the superior courts of said county shall be held on the first Mondays in March and on the first Mbndays in September of each year The limits of the said county the Congressional and Senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is attached and the time of holding the terms of the superior courts shall be as designated above until changed by law provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in section 829
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to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to said county of Wheeler whenever the same be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the counties of Gwinnett Walton and Jackson said county bounded as follows Beginning at a point amid stream where the Mulberry river crosses the Hall County line joining Jackson County thence following the line between Hall and Jackson Counties to the corner of Hall Gwinnett and Jackson Counties thence in a v direct line to the center of the Appalachia river at Freemans mill thence following the middle of the current of said Appalachia river down to the line of Walton and Oconee Counties thence following the line between Walton asd Oconee Counties to the common corner of Walton Jackson and Oconee Counties thence following theAine between Jackson and Oconee Counties to the Clarke County line dividing Oconee and Clarke Counties thence in adirect line to McClesky s Bridge at the central point over the Mulberry river and thence up the said Mulberry river to the beginning point on the Hall County line That Winder Georgia shall be the county site of said county Said county shall be attached to the Ninth Congressional District and to the Western Judicial Circuit and shall be attached to the Thirtythird Senatorial District That the name of said new county shall be Barrow and that all legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Barrow entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1915 elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor and a county treasurer Said election to be held at Winder Georgia the county site of said county That the Superior Courts of said county shall be held on the fourth Mondays in March and September of each year The limits of said county the congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Court shall be as above designated until changed by law
That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State created by the General Assembly and those created by amendments to the above and foregoing Paragraph Section and Article of the Constitution of this State there is hereby created an additional
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ART 11
county which county shall be known as Candler County The territory for the formation of said county of Candler shall be taken from the counties of Emanuel Bulloch and Tattnall and the said territory so taken for the formation of said sew county of Candler shall be included within the following described boundaries towit Starting at the south of Ten Mile Creek where it empties into Canoochee river running in a northerly direction up said river to Excelsior bridge thence in a northerly direction straight course to Lotts Creek to a point onequarter of a mile above new bridge thence along the line of Lotts Creek to DeLoachs Pond leaving DeLoaehs Pond running in a northwesterly direction crossing the Bulloch and Emanuel County lines intersecting with the Swainsboro and Statesboro public road at D B Johnsons place thence in a southwesterly direction to Union School House thence in a southwesterly direction to Cowarts Mill Pond thence a direct line south to the Leo Collins crossing on Central of Georgia Railroad thence a Southwesterly course to Griffins Perry Bridge on the Ohoopee River crossing line 6f Emanuel and Tattnall Counties a southerly course to a point where the counties of Emanuel and Tattnall meet on the Ohoopee River thence a direct line east to Kennedys Bridge on the Canoochee River That when said county is created the county seat of the same shall be the town of Metter now in the county of Bulloch that if the above and foregoing amendment should be ratified by the people when the same is submitted to them for their ratification at the next general election after the adoption of this proposal to amend the Constitution there shall be on the first Wednesday in December after the proposed amendment to the Constitution is adopted an election for the county officers herein named in and for said new county to be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said new county at the time of the adoption of the proposed amendment during the usual hours of holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in said territory shall be qualified to vote at said election and the ordinaries of thj several counties in which said election precincts are located at the time of the adoption of this amendment shall each appoint the election managers for the precinets in the counties in which he shall exercise jurisdiction of ordinary and the managers of the election shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the town of Metter the place designated as the county seat of the new county ad consolidate the vote for the county officers at such place within the limits of the town of Metter as shall be designated
195
nAae of the Superior Court of the middle circuit whose duty S place of W of son
managers within the corporate limits of said town
the general laws now in force as to the consolidation of the the return of the election and the commission of officers shah b applLtbL to officers elected at such special election herein provided for that the officers to be elected at said special eleetio herein provided shall be an ordinary a clerk of the Sup a sheriff a tax collector a tax receiver a coroner a county sur ver and a county treasurer that said officers shall be sioned as now required by law and all laws now m
State to commission officers and for bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected that the officers elected at sai general election shall hold their offices until the next gener election for county officers and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create ay additional statutory officers in said county or statutory courts and to provide by law for filling said offices Any vacan that may occur before the next general election m any o e created by said county may be filled as now provided by law The said county of Candler shall be attached to the First Congressional District the Middle Judicial Circuit and the Seventeenth Senatorial District but it shall be in the power of the General Assembly at any time to change the judicial circuit to which said county of Candler is attached and the said General Assembly of Georgia is hereby given power to change said county of Candler in arranging cong es sional and senatorial districts as now provided by law That the Superior Courts in said1 county of Candler shall be held on the third Mondays in February and August months of each year but it shall be within the power of the General Assembly at any time by law to ehange the time of holding the courts and the number of terms thereof That the Justices of the Peace and Constables residing in the territory included within the new county of Candler shall exercise the duties and powers of their office until new militia districts are laid out in said county of Candler as now provided by law that all of the provisions of the law as contained in Chapter Thirteen 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to the said county pf Candler whenever the same is created that all of the general laws in this State in addition to the above having application to the statutory counties of this State are hereby made applicable to the said county of Candler especially the law in ref
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erence to holding elections for the purpose of creating a debt for said county that the said county of Candler so created by this amendment shall become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State regulating county and county affairs
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by the Constitution of the State of Georgia there shall be a new county laid outfrom the counties of Appling Pierce and Ware that the name of said county shall be Bacon and the boundaries shall be as follows Commencing at the southwest corner of the county of Appling where it corners with Waie and Coffee V Counties being at the southwest corner of land lot 471 of Jthe 5th district of Appling County and running thence north along the dividing lines between the counties of Appling and Coffee to the southwest corner of land lot 464 of the 5th district of Appling County and running thence west along the original land line to the southwest corner of land lot 510 of the 5th district of Appling County where it corners with Coffee County and running thence north along the dividing line between the counties of Appling and Coffee to the northwest corner of land lot 115 of the 2nd district of Appling County where it corners with Jeff DaVis County and running thence east along the dividing line between Appling and Jeff Davis Counties to the northwest corner of land lot 108 in the 2d district of Appling County thence running north along the dividing line of Appling and Jeff Davis Counties to the northwest corner of land lot 160 of the 2d district of Appling County and thence east along the original land line to what is known as the Little Satilla River and thence southeasterly along the middle thread of the Little Satilla River to a point where said river crosses the souther line of land lot 75 of the 4th district of Pierce County and running thence west along the original land line to the northwest corner of land lot 76 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence running south along the original land line to the Southeast corner of land lot 63 in the 4th district of Pierce County and running thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land Ibt 30 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 31 of the 4th district of Pieree County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 16 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 15 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence
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ART 11 bo
west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 38
in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast comer of land lot 36 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 57 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 58 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 81 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 80 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast porner of land lot 10 Sin the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the originalland line to the southeast corner of land lot 106 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land lines to the southeast corner of land lot 198 in the 5th district of Ware County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 199 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 291 in the 5th district of Ware County thence north along the original land lines to the northwest corner of land lot 290 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land line to the southwest corner of land lot 310 in the southwest corner of land lot 312 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 471 to point and place of beginning
That Alma Georgia shall be the county site of said county that the said county shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District and to ihe Waycross Judicial Circuit and to the Third Senatorial District That all the legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Bacon entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesdav in January 1915 at Alma Georgia the county site of said county elect an ordinary a plerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor county school superintendent and a county treasurer The limits of said county the congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is added shall be as above designated until changed by law The Superior Court of said county shall be held on the third Mondays in March and October That said county of Bacon is hereby declared to be a statutory county the General Assembly of the State of Georgia is hereby given the power by legislation to
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ART U
create local offices and local courts in the said county other than those provided for in this constitution and it is further declared that the General Assembly shall have the same power to legislate in reference to said county of Bacon that it has now as to other counties in the State That all laws applicable to the counties in this State are hereby made to apply to the said county of Bacon That said county of Bacon is hereby authorized to create a bonded debt not to exceed one hundred thousand dollars 100000 for public improvements in said county of Bacon by the consent of the majority of the regular qualified voters of said county of Bacon voting at an election for that purpose That said election to create said debt shall be held under law now in force for creation of the debt
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from portions of the counties of Bulloch and Tattnall and embraced within the following boundary lines Commencing at a point known as Johnsons Old Perry on the Canooehee river and running thence in a southwesterly direction along the boundary line between Liberty and Tattnall Counties to a point known as the Ford on Canooehee Cheek thence in a westerly direction a straight line to Jennie thence a westerly direction a straight line to Rogers Crossing at the intersection of the Bellville and Reidsville roads thence in a northerly direction in a straight line to a point on the Seaboard Air Line Railway half way between the towns of Bellville and Manassas thence northerly in the same direction in a straight line until it intersects the line of the proposed county of Candler thence along said line to the Canpochee River thence in a southerly direction down the Canooehee River to Kennedys Bridge thence in an easterly direction along the public road leading from Kennedys Bridge to Ada Belle on the Register and Glennville Railroad thence in an easterly direction along the old Dublin Road to the rightofway of the Dublin Railroad bed thence in a southeasterly direction down said rightofway to Scotts Creek thence in the same direction down Scotts Creek to its mouth in Lotts Creek thence in a southerly direction down Lotts Creek to its mouth in Canooehee River and from thence down Canooehee River in a southeasterly direction to the starting point at Johnsons Perry That the territory embraced in the foregoing boundary lines shall be known as and be named Evans County and the city of Claxton shall be the county site of the same That said proposed county shall be attached to the First Congressional District to the Atlantic Judicial
199
ART 11
Circuit and to the Second Senatorial District That all legal voters
residing within the limits of said proposed county of Evans entitled under the laws of Georgia to vote for members of the General Assembly shall on the first Wednesday in January following the ratification by the people of this proposed amendment elect the following officers for the said county of Evans An ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county treasurer a county surveyor a county superintendent of public schools and three commissioners of roads and revenues said election to be held at Claxton the county site according to law That the Superior Courts of the said county of Evans shall be held on the fourth Mondays of January March June and October of each year and that the grand jury for said county of Evans shall serve at the January and June terms of said court each year providedhowever that the Judge of the Superior Court may in his discretion cause the grand jury of said county to be summoned at any term of said Superior Court That the limits of said county of Evans the congressional and State senatorial districts the judicial circuit to which said county of Evans is hereby attached the terms of the Superior Court of the same shall be as designated herein until changed by law provided that the laws ap
plieable to new counties and not inconsistent or in conflict with
the provisions of this Act as found in Section 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of Georgia 1910 are hereby made applicable to said county of Evans whenever said county is created and that said county shall be subject to all laws applicable to all other counties of this State
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from territory embraced in Coffee and Clinch Counties within the following boundary lines Beginning at the
point where the southern boundary line of lot of land No 334 in the fifth land district of Coffee County intersects the middle of the run of Willacooehee Creek then follow said line directly east to the southeast corner of lot of land No 15 in the sixth land district of Coffee County thence southalong the eastern boundary of lot of land No 16 in the sixth land district of Coffee County to the southwest comer of said lot of land thenee along the land line directly east to where it intersects the middle of the run of the Satilla River thenee in a southeasterly direction along the run of the said Satilla River to where the same intersects the northern
200
AET 11
boundary of lot of land No 250 in the sixth 6 land district thence directly east along said line to where it intersects the Ware County line thence in a southerly direction along the Ware County line to the north side corner of lot of land No 234 is the seventh land district of Clinch County thence directly westward along the land line of said lot of land No 234 on the north to where it intersects the middle of the run of AlapahaBiver thence in a northerly direction along the middle of the run of the Alapaha Biver to the mouth of Willacoochee Creek thence along the middle of the run of Willacoochee Gteek to point of beginning That said new eounty shall be known at Atkinson County and the City of Pearson shall be the county seat thereof That said Atkinson County shall be attached to the eleventh Congressional District the Waycross Judicial Circuit and the Fifth Senatorial District That all the legal voters residing within the limits of the County of Atkinson entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia on the first Wednesday in December following the ratification of this proposed amendment shall elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court sheriff coroner tax collector tax receiver county surveyor and county treasurer for said new county said election to be held at the militia district courthouses at Willacoochee Pearson and Axson in the manner now provided by law for holding elections for county officers and said county officerseleet shall qualify and enter upon the discharge of their respective duties on the first day of January following their election and shall hold their offices for a term of two years or until their successors shall be duly elected and qualified That the Superior Courts of said Atkinson County shall be held on the fourth Mondays in January and June of each year That the Congressional and Senatorial Districts the judicial circuit to whieh said County of Atkinson is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Courts and the limits of the county shall remain as designated above until the same shall be changed by law Provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties found in sections 829 to 848 inclusive Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to the County of Atkinson and that said eounty shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State
That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State there is hereby created an additional county which county w en created shall be known as Treutlen County The territory
201
ARTx 11
for the formation of the said county of Treutlen shall be taken from the counties of Montgomery and Emanuel and the said territory so taken for the formation of said county of Treutlen shall be included within the following described boundaries towit Starting at a point on the east side of the Oconee River where Red Bluff Creek empties into the Oconee River and running up said Red Bluff Creek to a point where the river road crosses Red Bluff Creek thence on a straight line in a northeasterly direction to Wixtrum g Bridge on Pendleton Creek said Pendleton Creek being the present line between Montgomery and Emanuel Counties thence in a northerly direction from Wixtrums Bridge on Pendleton Creek to Moores Bridge on the Ohoopee River the public road from Wixtrums Bridge leading to Swainsboro being the line to said Moores Bridge on the Ohoopee River thence up the run of the Ohoopee River from Moores Bridge to MeLemores Bridge where the Savannah and Dublin public roads crosses the Ohoopee River thence in a westerly direction along said Savannah and Dublin public road to where said public road crosses the county line between Laurens and Emanuel Counties thence in a southwesterly direction along the county line between the present counties of Emanuel and Laurens to Pendleton Creek thence along the county line between Laurens and Montgomery Counties to Mercers Creek thence down Mercers Creek in a southwesterly direction to where Mercers Creek empties into the Oconee river thence down the Oconee river to the mouth of Rec Bluff Creek at the starting point That if the said county is created the county seat shall be at the town of Soperton now in the county of Montgomery That if this amendment shall be ratified by the people when the same is submitted to them for their ratification then on the first Wednesday in December 1918 an election shall be held for the election of county officers herein named to serve in and for said new county that said election shall be at the said election precincts existing within the limits of said proposed new county at the time this amendment shall take effect and be held during the hours now fixed by law for holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in the territory included in the limits of said proposed new county shall be qualified to vote at said election for said officers and the ordinaries of the several counties in which the election precincts are located within the limits of the said proposed new county at the time this amendment is to take effect shall eateh appoint the election managers for the preeincts in the county in which he exereises jurisdiction as ordinary and said
202

ART 11
managers shall take and subscribe the oath now prescribed by law and the election managers shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the town of Soperton the place herein designated as the county seat of said proposed new county and consolidate the vote cast at said election at such place within the limits of said town of Soperton as shall bedesignated by the judge of the Superior Courts of the Oconee Circuit whose duty it is hereby made to designate a meeting place for said election managers within the corporate limits of said town of Soperton and the general law of this State now ii force as to the consolidation of votes the return of the election and the commission of the officers shall be applicable to such spe cial election herein provided for The officers to be elected at said election shall be an ordinary clerk of the Superior Court sheriff tax collector tax receiver coroner county surveyor county treasurer county superintendent of education and member of the General Assembly that the persons who shall be elected to fill said offices at said election shall be commsisioned as now required by law and the laws now in force in this State in regard to commissions for officers and the bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected and they shall hold their offices until the next general election for county officers and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any statutory offices or statutory courts and provide for filling the same Vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of said offices shall be filled as now provided by law That said new county when created shall become a part of the twelfth Congressional District and sixteenth Senatorial District and shall be included in the Oconee Judicial Circuit and a Superior Court for said county is hereby created which court shall have the same jurisdiction as now provided by law for the Superior Courts of this State that the said court until otherwise changed by law shall be held on the third Mondays of February and August of each year but the General Assembly is hereby expressly given the power to change the terms of said court and to increase the number thereof that the justices of the peace and constables residing within the territory included within the new County of Treutlen shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out for said county of Treutlen as now provided by law That the provisions of Chapter 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to said proposed county of Treutlen and that all the general laws of this State in reference to holding elections for the
203

pirpof creating debt and that the said pre
Treutlen shall when created become m all respee s county and shall be governedby all laws now in force in this State relating to counties and county affairs and shall be su JJec legislative control of this State and the Legislature of this State is hereby given power to enact laws in reference to said county in the same manner and the same extent that they have the power to legislate as to the other counties now existing in this State that the property of all taxpayers included within the limits as herein defined of the said proposed county of Treutlen is hereby made chargeable with any debt that may have been incurred by any o the counties from which the territory included in the new county is taken by the legally constituted authorities of the county for the purpose of raising revenues for the benefit of either of said counties whether the said debt is a bonded debt or one which has been incurred for the benefit in any way of either of the counties The value of the taxable property included in the said county of Jfreutlen at the time of tfie adoption of this amendment to the Constitution in proportion to tiie value of the property left in the counties from which the said county of Treutlen is taken shall determine the proportionate amount of the debt which shall be put upon the prop erty of the taxpayers located in said proposed new county Authority is hereby given to the ordinary of the said county of Treutlen and to the officers of the counties from which said territory is taken who are charged with the management of the business of the said counties to settle and agree upon an amount of the said indebtedness that shall be assumed and paid by the said county of Treutlen and it is hereby made the duty of the ordinary of said county of Treutlen when the amount of said debt is so ascertained to cause a tax to be levied upon all the property within the limits of the said county of Treutlen of such per cent as will be sufficient to discharge said debt and in the event of the failure or refusal of the ordinary of Treutlen County to levy such tax it shall be the duty of the judge of the Superior Court of the circuit of which the said county of Treutlen forms a part to eompel the ordinary of the county pf Treutlen to perform the duty herein required of him In the event of the failure of the authorities of the said county of Treutlen to ascertain the proportionate part of said debt the said County of Treutlen is hereby required to pay or in the event the authorities of the counties fail to agree upon the amount of said debt then either of said counties may bring a suit against the said county of
204
AJX JLJ n
Treutlen in the Superior Court of said county for the purpose 0having the proportion of said debt so assumed by the said county of Treutlen to be ascertained and the said eourt is hereby given power to enforce whatever judgment may be had as the result of said trial by compelling the ordinary of said county to levy a tax for the payment of said debt
Par II That section 846 of the Code of 1910 in reference to the registration of voters is hereby expressly made applicable to said county and in addition to the provision contained in said section it is hereby made the duty of the ordinaries of the severs counties in the territory included in said county to furnish to the election managers the names of all persons legally registered and who reside in the territory included in the said county of Treutlen and who are qualified to vote according to the laws of this State
That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State there is hereby created an additional county which county when created shall be known as Cook County The territory for the formation of said county of Cook shall be taken from the county of Berrien and the territory so taken for the formation of said new county of Cook shall be included within the following described boundaries towit
Starting at a point where the Willaeoochee River crosses the county line between the counties of Berrien and Lowndes thence running a northerly direction along the run of said Willaeoochee River to where saijfr river intersects with New River thence taking a northwesterly direction up and along the run of said New River to where said New River crosses the county line between the counties of Berrien and Tift thence westward along what is now the county line between said counties of Berrien and Tift to where said county line crosses the run of the Little River thence a southerly direction and southeasterly direction down and along the run of said Little river to where the same reaches the county line between the counties of Lowndes and of Berrien thence eastward along said county line between the said counties of Lowndes and Berrien to where same crosses the run of said Willaeoochee River that being the starting point
That when said county is created the county seat for the same shall be the town of Adel now in said county of Berrien There shall be on the first Wednesday in December an election for the county officers herein named in and for said new county to be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of
205
ART 11
said new county during the usual hours of holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in said territorysha 11 be quali fied to vote at said election and the ordinary of Berrien County the county in which said election precincts are located shall appoint the election managers for such precincts and the managers of the election shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the city haU in the town of Adel and consolidate the vote for the county officers and the general laws now in force as to the consolidation of the votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to officers elected at such special elections herein provided for that the officers to be elected at said special election herein provided for shall be an ordinary clerk of the Superior Court sheriff tax collector tax receiver coroner county surveyor and county treasurer that said officers shall be commissioned as now required by law and all laws now in force is this State to commission officers and for bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected that the officers elected at said election shall hold their offices until the next general election for county officers throughout the State and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any additional statutory offices in said county or statutory courts and to provide by law for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of the offices created thus for said county may be filled as now provided by law The said county of Cook shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District the Southern Judicial Circuit and the Sixth Senatorial District but it shall be in the power of the General Assembly at any time to change the Judicial Circuit to which said county of Cook is attached and the said General Assembly of Georgia is hereby given power to change said county of Cook in arranging Congressional and Senatorial districts as is now provided by law That the Superior Courts in said county of Cook shall be held on the first Mondays in March and September of each year but it shall be within the power of the General Assembly at any time by law to change the time of holding court and the number of terms thereof That the Justice of the Peace and Constables residing in the territory included within the new county of Cook shall exercise the duties and powers of their office until new militia districts are laid out in said county of Cook as now provided by law That all the provisions of the law1 as contained in Chapter Thirteen 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby piade applicable to the said county of
206
ART 11 y
Cook whenever the same is created That all of the general laws in this State in addition to the above having application to the statutory counties of this State are hereby made applicable to the said eounty of Cook especially the law in reference to holding elections for the purpose of creating a debt for said county That the county of Cook shall become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State regulating county and county affairs
Par III County lines shall not be changed unless under the operation of a general law for that purpose
Par IY No eounty site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the eounty voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the
General Assembly
Par Y Any eounty may be dissolved and merged with contiguous counties by a twothirds vote of the qualified electors of such eounty voting at an election held for that purpose
Section II
Paragraph I The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their office for four years They shall be removed on conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible to any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless he shall have been a resident of the eounty for two years and is a qualified voter Provided that the provisions of this amendment shall not become effective until January lst 1917
Section III
Paragraph I Whatever tribunal or officers may hereafter be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of eounty matters shall be uniform throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for the appointment of commissioners of roads and revenue in any county and may abolish the office of county treasurer in any county or fix the compensation of county treasurers and such compensation may be fixed without regard to uniformity of such compensation in the various counties
Section IY
Paragraph I The City of Atlanta shall be the capital of the State until changed by the same authority and the same way that is provided for the alteration of this Constitution
207
v
ABTICLE XII
The Laws op General Operation in Force in This State
Section It
Paragraph I The laws of general operation in this State are First as the supreme law The Constitution of the United States the laws of the United States in pursuance thereof and all treaties made under the authority of the United States
Par II Second as next in authority thereto this Constitution
Par III Third in subordination to the foregoing All laws now of force in this State not inconsistent with this Constitution and the ordinances of this Convention shall remain of force until the same are modified or repealed by the General Assembly The tax acts and appropriation acts passed by the General Assembly of 1877 and approved by the Governor of the State and not inconsistent with the Constitution are hereby continued in force until altered by law
Par IV Local and private acts passed for the benefit of counties cities tpwns corporations and private persons not inconsistent with the supreme law nor with this Constitution and whieh have not expired nor been repealed shall have the foree of statute law subject to judicial decision as to their validity when passed and to any limitations imposed by their own terms
Par V All rights privileges and immunities which may have vested in or accrued to any person orpersons or corporations in his her or their own right or in any fiduciary capacity under and in virtue of any act of the General Assembly or any judgment decree or order or other proceeding of any court of competent jurisdiction in this State heretofore rendered shall be held inviolate by all courts before which they may be brought in question unless attacked for fraud
Par VI All judgments decrees orders and other proceedings of the several courts of this State heretofore made within the limits of their several jurisdictions are hereby ratified and affirmed subject only to reversal by motion for a new trial appeal bill of review or other proceeding in conformity with the law of force when they lyere made
Par VII The officers of the government now existing shall continue in the exercise of their several functions until their success ors are duly elected or appointed and qualified but nothing herein is to apply to any officer whose office may be abolished by this Constitution
Par VIII The ordinances of this Convention shall have the
208
AUT 13
force of laws until otherwise provided by the General Assembly except the ordinances in reference to submitting the homestead and Capital question to a vote of the people which ordinances after being voted on shall have the effect of constitutional provisions
ARTICLE XIII
Amendments to the Constitution
Section I
Paragraph ij Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon And the General Assembly shall cause such amendment Or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional district for two months previous to the tinie of holding the next general election and shall also provide for a submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Par II No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each house of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable
Section II
Paragraph I The Constitution shall be submitted for ratification or rejection to the electors of the State at an election to be held on the first Wednesday in December one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven in the several election districts M this State at which election every person shall be entitled to vote who is entitled j to vote for the members of the General Assembly under the constitution and laws of force at the date of such election said election to be held and conducted as is now provided by law for holding elections for members of the General Assembly All persons voting at said election in favor of adopting the Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words For Ratification and all per
209

sons opposed to the adoption of this Constitution shall write or have nrinted on their ballots the words Against Ratification
Par II The votes east at said election shall be consolidated in each of the counties of the State as is now required by law in elections for members of the General Assembly and returns thereof made to the Governor and should a majority of all the votes caet at said election be in favor of ratification he shall declare the said Constitution adopted and make proclamation of the result of said selection by publication in one or more newspapers in each Congressional district of the State but should a majority of the votes cast be against ratification he shall in the same manner proclaim the said Constitution rejected
ORDINANCES
STATE CAPITAL
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled
1 That the question of the location of the capital of this State be kept out of the Constitution to be adopted by this Convention
2 That at the first general election hereafter held for members of the General Assembly every voter may indorse on his ballot Atlanta or Milledgeville and the one of these places receiving the largest number of votes shall be the capital of the State until changed by the same authority and in the same way that may be provided for the alteration of the Constitution that may be adopted by the Convention whether said Constitution be ratified or rejected And that every person entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the present Constitution and laws of this State shall be entitled to vote under this ordinance and in the event of the rejection of said constitution shall should a majority of votes east be in favor of MUledgeville then this provision to operate and take effect as an amendment to the present Constitution
HOMESTEAD
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled and it is hereby ordained by authority of the same
1 That the article adopted by the Convention on the subject of homestead and exemption shall not form a part of this Constitution except as hereinafter provided
2 At the election held for the ratification or rejection of this
210
Constitution it shall be lawful for each voter to have written or printed on his ballot the words Homestead of 1877 or the words Homestead of 1868
3 In the event that a majority of the ballots so cast have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1877 then said article so adopted by this Convention shall form a part of the Con stitution so submitted shall not be ratified then the article on homestead and exemptions so adopted as aforesaid by this Convention shall supersede Article Seven of the Constitution of 1868 on the subject of homestead and exemptions and form a part of this Constitution
4 If a majority of the ballots so cast as aforesaid shall have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1868 then Article Seventh of the Constitution of 1868 shall supersede the article on homestead and exemptions adopted by this Convention and shall be incorporated in and form a part of the Constitute nso submitted and ratified
JUDICIAL CIRCUITS
There shall be sixteen judicial circuits in this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to organize and proportion the ame m such manner as to equalize the business and labor of the judges in said several circuits as far as may be practicable But the General Assembly shall have power hereafter to reorganize increase or diminish the number of circuits Providedhowever that the circuits shall remain as now organized until changed by law
SIGNING AND RATIFICATION
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled
1 That the Constitution as adopted and revised be enrolled and signed by the officers and members of this Convention
2 That the Governor shall issue his proclamation ordering an
eieetion for members of the General Assembly and a vote upon the ratification or rejection of this Constitution as therein provided and a vote upon the capital and homestead questions as provided by the ordinances of this Convention
Read and adopted in Convention August 25th 1877
Attest C J JENKINS
President Constitutional Convention JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary
VOID BONDS NOT TO BE PAID
Neither the General Assembly nor any other authority or officer
211

of this State shall ever have power to pay or recognize as legal or in any sense valid or binding upon the State any direct bonds or currency bonds gold bonds or the States alleged guaranty or indorsement of any railroad bonds or any other bonds guaranties or indorsements heretofore declared to be illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature of the State or that may be declared illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature originating this amendment viz The State gold bonds issued under the Act of October 17th 1870 in aid of the Brunswick and Albany Railroad Company the currency bonds issued under the Act of August 27th 1870 the quarterly gold bonds issued under the Act of September 15th 1870 which are enumerated in the Act of August 23d 1872 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Brunswick and Albany Railroad Company made under the Act of March 18th 1869 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Cartersville and Van Wert Railroad Company and of the Cherokee Railroad Company the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Bainbridge Cuthbert and Columbus Railroad Company and all other bonds guaranties or indorsements declared illegal fraudulent or void as herein provided Nor shall any General Assembly ever have power to provide for the reindorsement of such railroad bonds or to place the States guaranty upon the same or to provide for the indorsement or guaranty by the State of any new bonds issued in lieu of or to pay off or retire such railroad bonds by any railroad company or to issue bonds of the State to such railroad companies or other persons in payment or in lieu of such indorsed bonds or other bonds herein declared illegal or to lend the aid or credit of the State by any aet resolution or law to such railroad companies or to other incorporated companies or persons acquiring or succeeding to the rights and franchises of said companies or to buy the railroads of such companies or to submit the question of the liability of the State upon any of the bonds or indorsements upon bonds or other guaranty herein declared illegal fraudulent and void or upon any elaim for money advanced upon said bonds indorsements or guaranties or expended by said companies or other person in and about the construction of said railroads to the decision of any court tribunal or person whatever or to pay assume or secure directly Or indirectly by any act resolution or law any money advanced or claimed to have been advanced on the bonds indorsements or guaranties herein declared invalid
I v
212

INDEX
to the
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
Note Reference in the Index are made to the Article Section and Paragraph of the provision referred to the original division of the instrument being strictly followed n oi tne m
Absent naembers of Legislature attendance of compelled 344
Abuse under arrest or in prison prohibited i 19
Of liberty of speech or press responsibility for 1 1 15
Academy incorporated exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Acceptors suits against where tried 6 jg g
Account of Treasurer to be published quarterly 3 7 j j
Accusation copy to be furnished defendant on demand 115
Acts amending or repealing must describe the law affected 3 7 17
Local and private authority of 12 1 4
Must be signed by President of Senate and Speaker
of House 3 7 13
Requiring twothirds voteyeas and nays must be v recorded 3 7 2i
Adjournment of Legislature by less than a majority 3 4 4
Consent of both Houses required when 3 7 24
Houses failing to agree Governor may adjournthem 3 7 24
Resolutions of notsubmitted to Governor 5 1 17
Ad valorem Tax on property shall be 7 2 1
Aged and infirm persons entitled to Homestead 9 1 1
Aid of State to any religious denomination prohibited 1 1 14
To any person or corporation by lending credit or
taking stock prohibited 7 g j
To any person or corporation by donation or gratuity prohibited 7 fg j
Aid of County or City to person or corporation prohib I ited 7 6 1
Amendments to Appropriation and Revenue bills by Senate 3 7 10
To Constitution 23 j
To statue or code form of amendment act 3 7 17
213
A S
Animals special tax may be imposed on vicious ones 7 2
Appeal frdm one jury to another in Superior and City
Courts 6 4
From Ordinary to Superior Courtv 6 6
From Justice of the Peace to Jury or Superior Court 6 7
Appellate Jurisdiction of the Superior Court 6 4
Appointment of Legislator to another office prohibited 3 4
By Governor to fill vacancies 5 1
Rejected by Senate effect of 5 1
Of State School Commissioner 8 2
Apportionment of Representatives how changed 3 3
Appropriation Acts authority of 12 1
Bills general and special 3 7
Bills must originate in House of Representatives 3 7
Bills yeas and nays must be recorded on 3 7
Bills may be approved in part 5 1
Necessary to authorize payment by Treasurer 3 7
For University of Georgia and College for colored
pupils 8 6
Approval of Governor to Bills 5 1
Of Governor to Resolutions and Orders 5 1
Arms right of citizens to bearmanner of bearing 1 1
Army of the State Governor is Commander of 5 1
Arrest abuse under prohibited 1 1
Punishment for rescue from under order either
House 3 7
Privilege of Elector from 2 3
Privilege of member Legislature from 3 7
Artificial limbs for Confederate soldiers7 1
Assemble right of people to do so guaranteed 1 1
Associate Justice of Supreme Court 6 2
Atlanta City Court of errors corrected jn Supreme
Court 6 2
Attainder bill of prohibited 1 3
Attendance of members of the Legislature compelled 3 4
Attendance of members of Legislature privileges during 3 7
Attorney right to defend or prosecute by 1 1
Right of Defendant in criminal cases to have 1 1
General election of 6 10
General duties 6 10
General salary 1 6 13
General qualifications 6 14
Authority of Constitution treaties laws judgments etc 12 1
214
p
1
6
1
2
4
7
14
15
1
2
3
9
10
12
16
11
1
16
17
22
11
9
2
1
3
1
24
1
5
2
4
3
4
5
1
2
1
1

B
A S P
Bail shall not be excessive 1 l 9
Ballot election by the people shall be by 2 1 1
Banishment beyond the State prohibited 1 1 1 7
Banks may be incorporated by the Legislature 7 18
Bequests may be received by the University of Georgia 8 6 1
Bills number of readings necessary before passage 3 7 7
Majority of all members in favor of necessary to
passage 3 7 14
Rejected not again proposed without consent of
twothirds 3 7 13
Appropriation and Revenue must originate in House 3 7 10
Appropriations general and special requisites of 3 7 9
Appropriations must be passed by yeas and naysa 3 7 12
Revision of by Governor Vetohow overruled 5 1 16
See Local Bills also Acts
Bond required of Secretary of Senate and Clerk of House 3 8 1
Required of Secretary of State ComptrollerGen
eral and Treasurer 5 2 6
Required of Public Printer 7 17 1
Bonded debt not to be increased 7 12 1
Sale of States property to be applied to 7 13 1
Of county or city provisions for meeting 7 7 2
Bonds in cases involving an interested Judge cannot
preside 6 2 3
Of State declared void not to be paid or submitted
to suit 7 11 1
Of Western Atlantic Railroad paid by proceeds
I of Roadj7 13 1
Boundaries of countries to remain as now till changed
bylaw 11 1 1
Bribery Conviction of disqualifies for office or voting 2 2 1
Bridges established by the courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Bridges Ordinarys jurisdiction in matter of 6 6 2
Bridges taxation by county to keep up 7 6 2
Borrowing money by State laws for must specify purposef 7 4 1
Buildings public exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Public tax by county to maintain 7 6 2
Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Burial places exempt from tax 7 2 2
215
c
A 8 P
Canal Companies may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18
Capital location of ordinance concerning 12 1 8
Capital site for may be donated to the State 7 6 1
Censure of members of Legislature for misconduct 3 7 1
Certiorari writs of may be issued by Judge Superior
Court 6 4 5
Challenge of voter oath to be administered 2 1 2
Conviction of sending or accepting disqualifies for
office 2 4 2
Chartiable institutions public exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Public aid from county or city 7 6 1
Charter of Corporations amended on conditions 4 2 3
Chief Justice of Supreme Court presides in impeachment trialssee Supreme Court 3 5 4
Children legitimatized and names changed by the Courts 3 7 18
Church not to receive money from the State 1 1 14
Citizns of the State who are and right to protection 1 1 25
Of the State entitled to vote when 2 1 1
City aid by donation or taking stock prohibited 7 6 1
Consent before Street Railroad can be built in 3 7 20
Courts of the State need not be uniform6 9 1
Court appeals and new trials in 6 4 6
Courts errors corrected in Supreme Court 6 2 5
Court Judge may serve in Supreme Court when 6 5 1
Debt to be incurred by limited 7 7 1
Debt bonded provisions for meeting 7 7 2
Debt not to be assumed by State 7 8 1
Debt to be incurred only by authority of City Government 7 10 1
Public schools may be maintained by tax 8 4 1
Civil authority superior to the military 1 1 19
Cases where tried 616 6
Cases judgement by Court without Jury when 6 4 7
Cases venue how changed 6 17 1
Jurisdiction of Superior Court 6 4 3
Jurisdiction of Justices Court 6 7 2
Clerical expenses of Treasurer Secretary of State and
ComptrollerGeneral 5 22 34
Clerk of House of Representatives Compensation and
Bond of 3 8 1
Clerks of the Governor 5 1 19
216

A S P
Code sections not amended or repealed by reference to
numbers 3 7 17
College 3 exempt from taxation 7 2 2
For colored pupils 8 6 1
Colored pupils College for 8 6 1
Colored and white public Schools to be separate 8 11
Commissioner of Schools appointed and salary ofS 8 2 1
Commissioners of county affairs authorized 6 19 1
Commissioners of county affairs authorized 11 3 1
Committee on Local and Special bills 3 7 5
Common Law Courts may be clothed with equity jurisdiction 6 5 2
Common School systemsee Education 8 1 1
Commutation power in the Governor 5 1 12
Tax for military services goes to Schools 8 3 1
Companies incorporation of 3 7 18
Volunteer military organization of 10 1 2
Compensation for private ways and public use of property 1 3 1
Of Clerk of House and Secretary of Senate 3 8 1
Of Jurors how fixed 6 18
Extra not be granted officers or contractors 7 16 2
Competition arrangements by corporations to defeat
void 424
ComptrollerGeneral must license Life Insurance Companies 3 12 2
Supervise deposits of Life Insurance Companies 3 12 3
Officers of Executive Department 5 1 1
Examination suspension and discharge of 5 1 18
Election of 5 2 1
Salary and Clerks hire 5 2 4
Eligibility and Bond of 6 2 6
Perquisites not allowed to 5 2 7
Must report to Governor 7 15 1
Confederate Soldiers pensions for 7 11
Public debt not to be paid 7 11 1
Conscience right of not to be controlled 1 1 12
Liberty of does not excuse licentiousness 1 l 13
Consent of parties to vary general law in individual
cases 1 4 1
City to building Street Railroads within its limits 3 7 20
217
A
8
F
Constitution of Georgia may be altered or abolished by
the people1 5 1
Authority of 12 1 1
Amendments of 13 1
Amendments by Convention 13 1 2
To be submitted to the people 13 2 1
And United Stateslaws in violation of void 1 4 2
And United States authority of 12 1 1
Constitutional Convntion provisions to call 13 1 2
Construction of Constitution not to deny rights not
enumerated 1 5 5
Contempt limitation of Courts power to punish for 1 1 20
Either House of General Assembly may punish for 3 7 2
Contested Election for Governor 5 1 6
Contracts laws impairing obligation of void 1 3 2
By Goverment releasing power to tax void 4 1 1
By Goverment heretofore made not impaired 4 2 6
Between corporations defeat competition void 4 2 4
Judgments on without verdict when 6 4 7
Jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of 6 7 2
Contractor not to receive extra compensation from Government 7 16 2
Conventionsee Constitutional Convention and Ordinances
Conviction costs not to be exacted of defendant until 1 1 10
Does not work corruption or forfeiture 12 3
Of certain offenses disfranchises 2 2 1
Impeachment vote necessary 3 5 4
Dueling disqualifies for office 2 4 2
Copartners suits against where tried 6 16 4
Coroners County Tax to pay 7 6 2
Corporate powers what may be granted by Legislature 3 7 18
Corporators not to be damaged by revocation of charter 1 3 3
Corporations subject to police power and eminent domain 4 2 2
Legislation in favor of conditional 4 2 3
Acte of to defeat competition and monopolize void 4 2 4
Rights to tax not to be released 7 2 5
State not to take stock in aid or lend credit to 7 5 1
County or City not to take stock in aid or lend
credit to 7 6 1
218
CorporationsContinued
a s p
Donations to from State prohibited 7 10 1
Authority of rights already accrued to 12 1 5
Municipalsee City
Costs not payable by defendant till conviction 1 io
In Supreme Court 6 21 L
County Commissioners may be created 6 19 j
l 11 3 1
Debt to be incurred by limited 7 7 1
Debt not to be assumed by State 7 g 2
Debt bonded provisions for meeting 7 7 1
Not to aid or take stock in Corporation 7 6 1
Public Schools may be maintained by 8 4 1
Matters Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Officers election term qualification and removal 11 2 1
Officers and tribunals to be uniform in the State 11 3 1
Is a body corporate suits of and boundaries 11 1 1
New one not to be created H j 2
Lines and site how changed 11 1 34
Merger of 2 5
Special acts authority of 22 1 4
Corruption of blood not worked by conviction 1 2 3
Courts power to punish for contempt limited 1 1 20
Power in matters denied to Legislature 3 7 ig
Of the State 0 2 l
Not mentioned in Constitution may be abolished 6 20 7
Of Common Law may be vested with equity jurisdiction 0 n
Of same grade throughout State must be uniform 6 9 1
Courts tax to pay 6xpenses of 7 0 2
Jurisdiction against Homestead denied 9 2 1
Authority of judgments and decrees of 12 1 5
Existing judgments and decrees of ratified 12 1 6
See also Supreme Superior City and Justice Courts
Credit of State not to be pledged to Corporations or
persons 7 g 2
Creditors law to be provided for reaching concealed
property of debtor 2 2 6
Not to be da maged by revocation of Charter 1 3 3
219

I
Crime conviction in what cases disfranchises A 2 s 2 p 1
Lobbying declared to De 1 5 5
Criminal cases Jury judges of law and fact 1 2 1
Judge may grant new trial conviction 1 2 1
Jurisdiction of Superior Court 6 1 4 1
Rights of defendant in 1 1 5
Where tried 6 16 6
Venue when changed 6 17 1
D
Damages jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of 6 7 1
Death of Governor vacancy how filled 5 1 1
Officer vacancy how filled 5 1 14
Debate liability of Legislators for words spoken in 3 7 3
Debts Public taxation to pay 711
Public new debt contracted to pay 7 3 1
Power of State to contract restricted 7 3 1
Of County taxation to pay 7 6 2
Power of City or County to Contract restricted 7 7 1
To be incurred by City only on authority of City
Government 7 10 1
Of County or City not to be assiimed by State 7 8 1
Void and Confederate against State not to be paid 711 1
Debtor Concealing Property provisions against 12 6
May waive Homestead 9 3 1
May waive Exemptions of the old Code 9 5 1
Decrees of Court authority and ratification of 12 1 56
Defaulters of public moneys disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7
Defend or prosecute in person or by attorney right to 114
Dfense under oath not filed Court to render judgment when 6 4 7
Of State debts may be contracted for 7 3 1
Deficiency of Revenue in State supplied by borrowing 7 3 1
Of Revenue in City and County supplied by borrowing 7 7 1
Deposit required of Insurance Companies 3 12
Of public funds Treasurer to receive no profit from 5 2 5
Disabilities may be removed by Governor 5 1 12
Discrimination in Tariff by Railroad regulated 4 2 1
Disorderly behavior in presence of Legislature punished 3 7 12
220
Disqualification to hold office or vote
Religious opinion is not
To hold office in more than one department
Of illegal holders of public money
Of duelists
For Legislature and of legislator tb other office
Resulting from impeachment
Of Judge or Supreme Court who presides
Judge of Superior Court who presides
Judge of Superior Court when there is a City Judge
Of interested Judge in bond cases
District Senatorial number composition and change
of
Divorce exclusive juridiction in Superior Court
First and second verdicts in cases of
Suits where tried
Domestic animals of vicious nature special tax on
Animals tax on goes to educational purposes
Donations by State prohibited
By State to University allowed
Drawer and Acceptor suits against where tried
Dueling conviction of disqualifies for office
A s F
2 2 1
1 1 13
1 1 13
2 4 1
2 4 2
3 4 7
3 5 5
6 2 2
6 4 9
6 5 1
6 2 3
3 21 23
6 4 1
6 15 12
6 16 1
7 2 1
8 1 1
7 16 1
8 6 1
8 16 5
2 2

E
Education Common School System established 8 1 1
Commissioner of Public Schools 8 2 1
Confined to English in local public schools 7 6 2
Confined to English in State public schools 8 1 1
Poll Tax for purpose of 7 2 3
Special Tax for purposes of 8 3 1
Taxation for purposes of by State 7 1 1
Taxation for purposes of by City or County 7 6 2
Appropriations for purposes of by City or County 7 6 1
Election by the people shall be by ballot 2 1 1
By the Legislature shall be viva voce 3 10 1
Days furnishing Liquor on prohibited 2 5 1
Privilege of Electors while attending 2 3 1
Precincts changed by Courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Returns where made 2 6 1
Of members General Assembly 3 4 2
Members General Assembly each house to judge 01 3 7 1
221

ElectionContinued
President of the Senate
Speaker of the House of Representatives
Governor
Governor returns how made
Returns opened and published
Governor by General Assembly
Contestedi
Specialii
To fill vacancies in General Assembly
Of Secretary of State CompGenl and Treasurer
Judges oif Supreme Court
Judges of Superior Court
Judges of Supreme Superior Courts and SolGenl
Justices of the Peac
AttorneyGeneral
By City or County on creating a new Debt
City or County on School question
it To change County Site
Merge one County into another
Election of County officers
On amndmeints to Constitution
Ratification of Constitution
Electors who shall be so deemed
Registration of may be provided for
Privileges of while attending elections
Embezzlement of public funds disfranchises
Eminent Domain not to be abridged in favor of Corporations
Encumbrances Homestead liable for removal of
Endorsers suits against where tried
Equal Rights not to be infringed by Corporations
Equity Cases where tried
Jurisdiction is in Superior Court
Jurisdiction may be conferred on Common Law Courts
Errors in Superior and City Courts corrected in Supreme
Court
Of inferior judicatories corrected by Certiorari
Estate not forfeited by Conviction
Excessive Bail and Fines forbiddfen
A s p
3 5 2
3 6 2
5 1 3
5 1 4
5 1 5
5 1 5
5 1 6
5 1 9
5 1 13
5 2 1
6 2 4
6 3 2
6 12 1
6 7 3
6 10 1
7 7 1
8 4 1
11 1 4
11 1 5
11 2 1
13 1 1
13 2 1
2 1 2
2 2 1
2 3 1
2 2
4 2 2
9 2 1
6 16 5
4 2 1
6 16 3
6 4 1
6 4 2
6 2 5
6 4 5
1 2 3
1 1 9

222

A S P
Executive Legislative and Judicial Department are distinct 1 1 23
Department officers of 5 1 1
Department officers of report suspension and removal of 5 1 18
Powers vested in Governor 5 1 2
Exemption from Taxation and void Exemption 7 22 45
From Levy and Sale 9 1 1
From Levy and Sale waiver of 9 3 1
From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act not repealed 9 4 1
From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act waiver 9 5 1
Exhibitions special tax on goes to public schools 8 3 1
Expense of Clerks and Secretaries to Governor 5 1 18
Of Clerks of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer 5 22 34
Ex Post Facto Law not to be passed 13 2
Express Companies chartered by Legislature 3 7 18
Expulsion of Member of General Assembly for misconduct 3 7 1
Extra session of Legislature before November 1st 1878 3 4 3
Sessions of Legislature may be called by Governor 1 5 1 13
Compensation not to be allowed by Government 7 16 2
V
Family each Head of entitled to Homestead 9 111
Fees not allowed officers of Executive Department 5 2 7
Not allowed AttorneyGeneral 6 13 1
Felony exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1
Femalfes persons having care of entitled to Homestead 9 1 1
Ferries established by Courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Ordinarys jurisdiction concerning 6 6 2
Fines imposed must not be excessive 119
Imposer on member of Legislature for misconduct 3 7 1
Fire Insurance Companies deposit Required of 3 12 4
Foreign Power Governor to receive no Emolument from 5 1 2
Forfeiture of Estate not brought about by conviction 1 2 3
Of Recognizance relieved against when 3 7 19
Of Charter remitted only on conditions 4 2 3
Fraud Legislature may provide Punishment for 1 2 6
Judgments attacked for 12 1 5
223
A S P
Free Schoolssee Education 8 11
Freight on Railroads subject to regulation by law 4 2 1
Rebate not allowed nor deceit as to amount charged 4 2 5
Furniture Waiyer ofExemption not good against all 9 3 1
Funds of county Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Of Public officers not to profit from use of 7 9 1
Sinking provided for 7 14 1
G
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Consisting of Senate and House is the Legislative
power 3 1 1
Members of elected for two years 3 4 1
Election when held 3 4 2
Election returns where made 2 6 1
Attendance of required 3 4 4
Oath of 3 4 5
Who are disqualified to be 3 4 7
Disqualified for certain other offices 3 4 7
Not to profit from use of public funds 7 9 1
Not to be interested in public printing 7 17 1
Seats of vacated by removal 3 4 8
Punished for misconduct in each House 3 7 1
Privileges of 3 7 3
Per diem and mileage of 3 9 1
Majority of all necessary to passage of bill 3 7 14
Officers of who are 3 8 1
Quorum of to transact buisness 3 4 4
Adjournment by less than a quorum 3 4 4
Adjournment for more than three days etc 3 37 24
Elections by shall be viva voce 3 10 1
Of Judges of Supreme Court by 1st election 6 2 4
Of Judges of Superior Court by 1st election 6 3 2
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts and
SolicitorsGeneral 6 12 1
Of Governor by when 5 15
Of Governor contested determined by 5 1 6
May pardon commute or reprieve for treason 5 1 12
May direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3 1
Sessions of are annual 3 4 3
Of limited to 50 days 3 4 6
224
I
General AssemblyContinued
Of extra may be called by Governor
Of joint held in Representative Hall
Each House of may compel attendance of members Is judge of elecn and qualificatn of its members
May punish for misconduct
Mu keep a Journal
Has general power of legislation
HAS POWER BY LAW TO J
Provide punishment for fraud
For registration of votersj
For removal Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer
For appeals in Superior and City Courts
For appointments of Judge pro hac vice
Commissioners for county affairs
For organizing the Militia
Prescribe manner of bearing arms
Number of Jurors in Inferior Courts
Who shall vote on School questions
Change Senatorial Districts when
Apportionment of Representatives
Governors Salary by twothirds vote
Salaries of Judges Attorneys and SolicitorsGeneral Substitute another officer for School Commissioner
Establish Courts
Abolish Courts not named in Constitution
Confer Equity jurisdiction on Common Law Courts
Authorize formation of Volunteer Companies
Require Fire Insurance Companies to make deposit
Subject corporate property to public use when
Sell States property
Make donations to University of Georgia
Make donations to College for colored people
Amend Constitution in manner provided
Call Constitutional Convention as provided
SHALL BY LAW
Limit power of Courts to punish for Contempt
Protect citizens in their right
Provide penalty against Lottery Agents
A s P
5 1 13
3 10 1
3 4 4
3 7 1
3 7 12
3 7 4
3 7 22
1 2 6
2 2 1
5 1 18
6 4 6
6 4 9
6 19 1
10 1 1
1 1 22
6 18 1
8 4 1
3 2 3
3 3 2
5 1 2
6 13 2
8 2 1
6 1 1
6 20 2
6 4 2
10 1 2
3 12 4
4 2 1
7 13 1
8 6 1
8 6 1
13 1 1
13 1 2
1 1 20
1 1 25
1 2 4

225
I
General AssemblyContinued
A S P
Provide penalty against Lobbying 1 2 5
Prohibit furnishing Liquor on election days 3 5 1
Provide penalty against Treasurer receiving unlawful fee 7 5 2 5
Provide for reaching concealed property of Debtor 12 6
Compel Insurance Companies to report to Governor 3 12 5
Regulate Freight and Passenger Tariff 4 r 2 1
Enforce provisions against monopolies etc 4 2 7
Establish uniformity in local tribunals 6 9 1
Provide for selection and compensation of jurors 6 18 23
A sinking fund 7 14 1
For letting Public Printing to highest bidder 7 17 1
Setting apart and valuation of Homestead 9 4 1
For appeals in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6
I
SHALL NOT PASS ANY LAW
To restrain or curtail liberty of speech or press 1 1 15
Respecting social status of citizens 1 1 18
Of Attainder ex post facto impairing contracts 1 3 2
Making irrevocable grants of special privileges 1 3 2
To revoke grants to injury of creditors of corporators 1 3 3
Of special nature when general law provides 1 4 1
Varying general law affecting private rights without consent 1 4 1
In violation of Constitution of Georgia or the
United States 1 4 2
Referring to more than one matter or different form
title 3 7 8
Incorporating companies except for class named 3 7 18
Relieving against recognizances except as stated 3 7 19
Authorizing Street Railroad in city without citys
consent 3 7 20
For benefit of particular corporations except on
conditions 4 2 3
Authorizing one corporation to buy stock in another
County or City to aid persons or corporations 7 6 1
Payment of void bonds or Confederate debts 7 11 1
Granting donation or gratuity to persons or corporations 7 17 1
Extra compensation to officer or contractors 7 16 2
See Tax
226
A 8 P
God may be worshipped according to dictates of conscience 1 1 12
Governor an officer of the Executive Department 5 1 1
Executive powers vested in 5 1 2
Salary term and limitations of terms of office 5 12
Election installation and terms of election of 5 1 14
Of by the Legislature when 5 l 5
Qualification and oath of 5 17 10
Death resignation or disability of 5 1 8
Secretary and Clerks of 5 1 19
Is Commander of the Army and Conservator of the
Peace 5 11 11
May adjourn the Legislature when 3 7 24
Call Extra Session of the Legislature 5 1 13
Direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3 1
Pardon reprieve commute and remit penalties5 1 12
Remove disabilities 5 1 12
With the Treasurer loan the Sinking Fund 7 14 1
Require services of AttorneyGeneral 6 10 2
Shall order elections to fill vacancies in Legislature 5 1 lei
Fill vacancies in other offices 5 l 14
Offices of Judges and SolicitorsGeneral 6 12 1
Appoint State School Commissioner 8 2 1
Judge to preside in Supreme Court when 6 2 2
Commission Notaries Public exOfficio Justices of
Peace 6 8 1
Examine and Publish Report of Comptroller and
Treasurer 7 15 1
Proclaim result of Election on Constitution 13 2 2
1 Cannot appoint member of Legislature to office 3 4 7
A person rejected by Senate when 5 1 45
Has revision of bills and resolutions of Legislature 51 17
Supervision over Executive officers 5 1 18
Government originates with people duty of 1 T 12
Exclusive right of the people to regulate 1 5 1
Legislative Executive and Judicial Departments
district 1 1 23
Support of by taxation 7 1 1
Grants limiting power to tax void 4 1 1
Irrevocable of special privileges void 1 3 2
Not to be revoked so as to work injustice 13 3
Great Seal of the State use and device of 5 3 1
227

Guardian of minors entitled to Homestead
H
Habeas Corpus Writ shall not be suspended
Head of family entitled to Homestead
Homestead and Exemption to whom allowed and amount
of
Not subject to levy and sale
Waiver and sale of
Setting apart of to be provided for
Supplemental
Already allowed good against old debt
Ordinance effect of
Of 1868 sales of confirmed
Of 1868 sales and reinvestments of
Under Debtors Act not repealed
Under Debtors Act Waiver of
House secure from search except as provided
Soldiers not to be quartered in except as provided Of Representativessee Representatives
Household Furniture waiver of exemption on
Husbands debts wifes property not liable for
I
Idiots disqualified to vote or hold office
Immunities special not to be irrevocably granted
Not to be revoked so as to work justice
Impeachment power in House of Representatives
Power to tryin the Senate
Chief Justice to preside at trial of
Vote necessary to convict v
Effect of conviction
Governor cannot pardon in case of
Imprisonment abuse under forbidden
For debt prohibited
For misbehavior in presence of Legislature
Improvement on Homestead is part of
Indictment copy to be furnished defendant on demand Inferior Judicatories errors of corrected by Certiorari
Infirm persons entitled to Homestead
Inherent rights not enumerated and not denied
Insane persons not entitled to vote or hold office
A s p
9 1 1
1 1 11
9 1 1
9 1 1
9 2 1
9 3 1
9 4 1
9 6 1
9 7 1
12 1 8
9 8 1
9 9 1
9 4 1
9 5 1
1 1 16
1 1 19
9 3 1
3 11 1
2 2 1
1 3 2
1 3 3
3 6 3
3 5 3
3 5 4
3 5 4
3 5 5
5 1 12
1 1 9
1 1 21
3 7 12
9 2 1
1 1 5
6 4 5
9 1 1
1 5 2
2 2 1
228
A 8 P
Inspection by Governor of Executive Officers 5 1 18
Installation of Governor 5 13
Insurance Department expense of 5 2 4
Companies to make reports to Governor 3 12 5
Chartered by Legislature 3 7 18
Fire deposit made with Treasury 3 12 4
Foreign and Home Life deposits required 3 12 13
Foreign Life ComptrollerGeneral to license 3 12 2
Intrest on Public Debt taxation authorized to pay 7 1 1
Intoxicating drinks not to be furnished on election days 251 Insurrection and invasion in time of Bills may pass
summarily 3 7 7
Taxto suppressj 7 1 1
Bonded debt incurred to suppress 7 12 1
Debts contracted to suppress 7 3 1
Contracted by city or county to suppress assumed
by State 7 8 1
Invasionsee Insurrection
Investment of funds raised by sale of homestead 9 3 1
Irrevocable grants of special privileges void 1 3 2
J
Jeopardy more than once for same offense prohibited 118
Joint obligors suit against where tried 6 16 4
Owner in property State shall not become 7 5 1
Journal each House of the General Assembly shall keep 3 7 4
Original preserved in the office of Secretary of State 3 7 5
Yeas and nays to be recorded in at request of one
fifth 3 7 6
Yeas and nays to be recorded in when twothirds
vote is required 3 7 21
Must show majority of all members voted for bills
passed 3 7 14
Must contain proposed amendments to Constitution 13 1 1
Of House must contain vote of elections by Legislature 3 10 1
Judge disqualified to preside in bond cases if interested
in the bonds 6 2 3
Pro hac vice Legislature may authorize 6 4 9
May grant new trials in cases of conviction 1 2 1
See Supreme Superior and City Courts
229
K 8 P
Judicial Legislative and Executive Departments distinct l l 23
Powers of the State where vested 6 1 1
Judiciary to declare unconstitutional acts void 1 4
Judgement of Impeachment extent of 3 5 5
Of Supreme Court may be withheld one term 6 2 7
Without verdict of Jury when 6 4 7
Of Courts authority of 12 1 5
Heretofore rendered ratified 12 1 6
Jurisdiction of Supreme Court 6 2 5
Of Superior Court 6 4 1
Of Superior Court Appellate 6 4 4
Of Ordinary 6 6 1
Of Ordinary County matters 6j 6 2
Of Justices of the Peace 6 7 2
Against Homestead denied 9 2 1
Jury right of trial by an impartial 1 1 5
Right of trial by Guaranteed 6 18 1
Judges of law and fact in criminal cases 1 2 1
Appeal from one to another fn Superior and City i
Courts 6 4 6
From Justice of the Peace to 6 7 2
Grand to recommend Commissioned Notary for
appointment 6 8 1
Grand and Traverse selection and qualification of 6 18 2
Compensation of how fixed 6 18 3
Tax by county to pay 7 6 2
Justice of the Peace may be member of Legislature 3 4 7
Part of Judiciary v 6 1 1
Election Commission and removal of 6 7 3
Term of 6 7 1
Jurisdiction Sessions and Appeals 6 7 2
ExOfficio i 1 6 8 1
K
Kitchen furniture waiver of exemption of 9 3 1
L
Labor done on Homestead Homestead is liable for 9 2 1
Land cases involving title to brought in Superior Court 6 4 1
Cases involving title to tried at what place 6 16 2
Homestead and Exemption on 9 1 1

230
A 8 P
Larceny conviction of disfranchises 2 2 1
Law due process of required to affect rights of persons 1 13
Laws of general nature must have uniform operation 1 4 1
Of general nature affecting private rights how
varied 11 4 1
Unconstitutional are void s 1 4 2
For more than one matter or different from title
void 3 7 8
Majority vote of all members necessary to pass 3 7 14
For tax shall be general 7 2 1
Not repealed or amended by reference to title alone 3 7 17
For borrowing money must be specific 7 4 1
To change County lines must be a general law 11 1 3
Of general operation 12
Of United States authority of i 12 1 1
Of Georgia authority of S 12 1 3
Local and special authority of 12 1 4
See Local also General Assembly
Learning Seminaries of exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Legislative power is in the General Assembly 3 1 1
Executive and Judicial Departments distinct 1 1 23
LegislatureSee General Assembly
Legitimate Children power in Courts 3 7 18
Levy and Sale exemptions from 9 i i
Libels in prosecutions for truth maji be given in evidence 12 1
Liberty person to be deprived of only by due process
of law 1 i 3
Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense 1 1
Of Conscience not to be controlled 1 1 12
Of speech or pressnot to be curtailed 1 1 15
Libraries Public may be exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Licentiousness not excused on account of liberty of Conscience I i i i3
Life person not to be deprived of but by due process
of law 1 1 3
Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense 118
Crimes involving jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1
See Insurance
Lines of County to be changed under operation of general law 11 1 3
Liquor special tax on for Educational purposes 8 3 1
Not to be furnished on Election days 2 5 1
231

List of witnesses to be furnished defendant on demand
Litigation tax by County to pay expenses of
Literary Associations may be exempt from taxation
Loans to State for casual deficiencies of revenue
County or City for canal deficiencies of revenue
Of sinking Fund by Governor and Treasurer
Lobbying is a crime Legislature must provide a penalty
Publication of before passed
Acts authority of
School Systems existing not affected hereby
Lottery Tickets sale of prohibited
A s p
1 1 5
7 6 2
7 2 2
7 3 1
7 7 1
7 14 1
1 2 5
3 7 15
12 1 4
8 5 1
1 2 4
M
Macon and Brunswick Railroad if sold proceeds where
applied
Majority of each branch of Legislature constitute quorum
Of all members of each House necessary to pass bill
Malfeasance in office disfranchises
Malpractice in office by Justice of the Peace removal
for
Mandamus issueu by Judge of Superior Court
Marriage does not divest wife of hr property
Material furnished Homestead it is liable for
Matter different from title not to be Contained in bill
Members of General Assemblysee General Assembly
Merger of countries
Message of Governor
Mileage of the members of the General Assembly
Military authority subordinate to Civil
Commission except in Militia disqualifies for Legislature
Service commutation for goes to Public Schools
Companies Volunteer organizations1
Companies Volunteer paid only when called by
State f
Militia officers may be members of Legislature
Governor is commanderinchief of
District one Justice of the Peace for each
District one commissioned Notary for each
Organization of may be provided for
7 13 1
3 4 4
3 7 14
2 2 1
6 7 3
6 4 5
3 11
9 2 1
3 7 8
11 1 5
5 1 13
3 9 1
1 1 19
3 4 7
8 3 1
10 1 2
10 1 3
3 4 7
5 1 11
6 7 1
6 8 1
10 1 1
232
M illitiaContinued
A
Paid only when called out by State 10 1
Minors family of entitled to Homestead 9 l
Ministerial officer not to levy on Homestead 9 2
Misconduct of member of Legislature how punished 3 7
Mistrial in criminal cases authorizes a second trial 1 1
Money not to be donated by State to any Church etc 1 1
Illegal holders of public disqualified for office 2 4
Public defaulters of disqualified for Legislature 3 4
Authority and manner of drawing from Treasury 3 7
Borrowed by State laws for and use of 7 4
Monopoly provisions against 4 2
Municipal Corporationsee City
N
Names of children changed by Courts 3 7
Navigation Companies chartered by Legislature 3 7
Navy of State Governor is Commander of 5 1
New trial in criminal cases authorizes second trial 1 1
In criminal cases may be granted on conviction 1 2
1 May be granted by Superior and City Court 6 4
Counties not to be formed 11 j
Notaries Public commissioned part of Judiciary 6 1
Appointment commission and powers 6 8
Novation of Charter what shall so operate 4 2
O
Oath of voter if challenged 2 1
Of member of General Assembly 3 4
Of Governor g 1
To pleas g 4
Obligation of contracts not to be impaired by law 1 1 3
Of contracts heretofore made by State binding 4 2
Office illegal holders of public money ineligible for 2 4
Who may not hold 2 2
Impeachment removes from and disqualifies for 3 5
Profiting from use of public money disqualifies for 7 9
Conviction of Dueling disqualifies for 2 4
Religious opinion does not disqualify for 1 l
In gift of Governor or Legislature legislator disqualified for 3 4
Malfeasance in disfranchises 2 2
p
3
1
1
1
8
14
1
7
11
1
4
18
18
11
8
1
6
2
1
1
3
2
5
10
7
2
6
1
1
5
1
2
13
7
1
23S
Officers are trustees of the people and amenable to them A 1 8 1 p 1
Of one department disqualified ro act in another 1 l 23
Returns of election of where made 2 6 1
Of State or the United States disqualified for Legislature 5 3 4 7
Of Militia or Justice of the Peace may be legislator 3 4 7
Of General Assembly who are 5 1 1
Of Executive Department who are 3 8 1
Of Executive Department report suspension and removal of 5 1 18
Profiting from use of public fund punishable 7 9 1
Extra compensation to after service prohibited 7 16 2
Not to be interested in Public Printing 7 17 1
Not to levy on Homestead 9 2 1
Of County election removal and disqualification of 11 2 1
Of County to be uniform except Commissioners 11 3 1
Now existing to continue till successor qualified 12 1 7
Order passed by Legislature must have Governors approval 5 1 17
Ordinances rejected not to be again proposed unless by twothirds vote 1 3 7
Must have but one subjectmatter and same as title 3 7 8
Of the Convention authority of 12 1 3
Of the Convention to have effect of laws 12 1 8
See Ordinances in Appendix Ordinary Courts of part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Courts of jurisdiction of 6 6 1
Term of office 6 6 3
Origin of Government is with the people 1 1 1
p
Papers secure from search and seizure except as pro
vided 1 1 16
Pardon removes political disabilities of convict 2 2 1
Of Duelists removes political disabilities of convict 2 4 2
Power in Governor must report to the Legislature 5 1 12
Passage of bills reading necessary 3 7 7
Of Bills majority of all members necessary 3 7 14
Passenger Tariffrestriction on 4 2 15
Paupers jurisdiction of Ordinary 6 6 2
Affidavit relieves from costs in Supreme Court 6 21 1
234

PaupersContinued
Paysee Compensation Salary
Peace soldiers not to be quartered in houses in time of
Governor is conservator of j
Pentitentiary crimes punishable in to be tried in Supe
Perquisites not allowed officers Executive Department
Not allowed AttorneyGeneral
From use of public funds by officers punishable
Persons and property to be protected by Government
Not to be molested for religious opinionsi
Rights not to be affected but by due process of law May prosecute or defend in person or by attorney Charged with offenses rights of
Life or liberty not to be jeopardized but once for
same crime
Houses and papers secure from illegal search
Personalty amount of exemption of from levy and sale Petitions and remonstrance right of guaranteed
Police of the State right of people to regulate Power not abridged in favor of corporations

Press liberty of not to be curtailed
Printing public to be let to lowest bidder
Prisoners not to be abused
Tax for support of by counties
Private ways to be allowed only compensation paid
A s p
7 6
1 1 19
5 1 12
6 4 v 1
3 9 1
5 2 7
6 13 1
7 9 1
1 1 2
1 1 13
1 1 3
I 1 4
1 1 5
1 1 8
1 1 16
9 1 1
1 1 24
6 4 7
1 5
4 2 2
3 12 13
7 2 3
8 3 1
6 9 1
3 7 11
3 5 8
3 7 13
3 9 3
3 10 1
5 1 1
1 1 18
7 7 5
1 1 9
7 6 2
1 3 1
12 1 4
12 1 5
235
A 8 P
Privileges special not to be irrevocably granted 1 3 2
Special not be revoked so as to do injustice 1 3 3
Probate jurisdiction in Ordinary 6 6 1
Proceedings of Legislature to be kept in journals 3 7 4
Of courts of same grade to be uniform 6 9 1
Process of law necessary to affect persons in their rights 113
Proclamation of Governor calling extra session 5 1 13
Of Governor on ratification of Constitution 13 2 2
Prohibition writs of issued by Judge of Superior Court 6 4 5
Prolongation of Legislative session by twothirds vote 3 4 6
Resolutions not submitted to Governor 3 7 23
Promissory notes suits on where tried 6 16 5
Property of person not to be molested for religious
opinions 1 1 13
Protection to shall be impartial and complete 1 1 2
Not taken for public use without compensation 1 3 1
Concealed by debtor to be reached by law 1 2 6
Of yife not subject to husbands debts 3 11 1
List of exempt from tax 7 2 2
Amount of exempt from levy and sale 9 1 1
Protection to person and property paramount duty of
Government 1 1 2
Prosecution rights of defendants in cases of 1 1 5
Provision waiver of exemption of restricted 9 3 1
Public Funds embezzlement of disfranchises 2 2 i
Officer not to receive profit from use of 7 9 i
Treasurer not to receive profit from use of5 2 5
See Money
Public use of private property without compensation
prohibited 1 3 1
Buildings jurisdiction of Ordinary 6 6 2
Buildings tax by county for authorized 7 6 2
Debt and institutions tax for 7 1 1
Property charitable institutions and libraries exempt from tax 7 2 2
Printing let to lowest bidder 7 17 1
Printing officers of Government not to be interested
in 7 17 1
School systemsee Education 8 1 1
Publication of ones sentiments right of not to be curtailedT 1 1 15
Journal of General Assembly 3 7 4
236
PublicationContinued
A 8 P
Receipts and disbursements of Treasury 3 7 11
Intention to introduce Local Bills 3 7 15
Reports of Secretary of State Comptroller and
Treasurer 7 15 1
Proposed amendment to Constitution 13 1 1
Punishment of crime by whipping or banishment prohibited 1 1
For contempt by Courts limited 1 1 20
Not to be cruel or unusual 1 1 9
Purchase of State Bonds with sinking fund 7 14 1
Money homestead liable for 9 2 1
Purchaser of old Homestead how affected 9 8 1
Q
Qualification for Governor 5 1 7
For Senator 2 5 1
For Representative 3 6 1
Each House to judge of as to its own members 3 7 1
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 6
Judge Supreme and Superior Courts Solicitor and
AttorneyGeneral 6 14 11
County officers 11 2 1
Quarantine tax by county for expenses of 7 6 2
Quorum of each branch of Legislature is a maj ority 3 4 4
Of Supreme Court 6 2 1
R
Railroad may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18
Freights and Tariff subject to legislation 4 2 1
May build branch roads free from conditions of 4 2 3
Shall not deceive public as to rates 4 2 5
See 1 Corporations
Railway Street not to run in City without its consent 3 7 20
Rates of freight and passage subject to legislation 4 2 1
Public not to be deceived as to amount charged 4 2 5
Realty Homestead of 9 1 1
Rebate of rates charged by Railroad not allowed 4 2 5
Recognizance when Legislature may relieve from forr
feiture of3 7 19
Reelection Governor not eligible for four years after
two terms 12
v a
007

A 8 P
Registration of Electors may be required by law 2 2 1
Rejection of nomination by Senate effect of 5 1 15
Of bill by Legislature effect of 4 3 7 13
Religious opinion civil and political rights not affected
by 1 1 13
Denominations not to receive money from State 1 1 14
Worshipi places of may be exempt from tax 7 2 2
Remittance of sentence in power of Governor 5 1 12
Of forfeited Charter only on conditions 4 2 3
Remonstrance and petition right of guaranteed 1 1 24
Removal of legislator from district vacates his seat 3 4 8
Of disabilities in power of Governor 5 1 12
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 1 18
Of Justice of the Peace for malpractice 7 3
Of County Officers 11 2 1
From office effect of impeachment 3 5 5
Repeating law form of 3 7 17
Reports of Insurance Companies to the Governor 3 12 5
Of Treasurer and Comptroller to the Governor 7 15 1
Representatives election and term of 3 4 12
Qualification of 3 6 1
House of part of General Assembly 3 1 1
Number and apportionment of members of 3 3 1
Apportionment how changed 3 2 2
Representatives House of Speaker of how elected 3 6 2
Clerk of compensation and bond of 3 8 1
Impeaching power vested in 3 6 3
Local and Special bills must originate in 3 7 15
Appropriation and Revenue bills must originate in 3 7 10
Journal ofsee Journal
Representation of Constitutional Convention apportionment of 13 1 2
Reprieve in power of Governor 5 1 12
Residence requisite to vote 2 1 2
Resignation of Governor who acts in case of 5 1 8
Resolutions of appropriation must be passed by yeas
and nays 3 7 12
Requiring Governors approval 5 1 17
Requiring a twothirds vote yeas and nays must be
recorded 3 7 21
Having effect of law result of rejection 3 7 13
Retroactive legislation prohibited 1 3 2
r
238
A 8 P
Returns of election of Legislators each House to judge
for itself 3 7 1
To whom made 2 6 1
Of Governor how made 5 1 4
Of Governor how published 5 1 1
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 5
On Ratification of Constitution 13 2 2
Revenue bills must originate in House of Representatives 3 7 10
Deficiencies of in State supplied by loans 7 3 1
Deficiencies of in County or City 7 7 1
And roads County Commissioners for 11 3 1
Rights not enumerated are not denied 1 5 1
Roads jurisdiction in Ordinary 6 6 1
Tax for keeping up by County 7 6 2
And revenue County Commissioners for 1 i 3 1
S
Sailor in U S Service not entitled to vote because not
stationed here 2 1 2
Salary of Governor 5 1 2
Of Treasurer Secretary of State and Comptroller 5 22 34
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts Attor
nay and SolicitorsGeneral 6 13 1
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts how
changed 6 13 2
Of State School Commissioner 8 2 1
Sale of States property proceeds to go to public debts7 13 1
Exemption from 9 1 1
Of Homesteads how affected 9 3 l
Of old Homestead heretofore made ratified 9 8 4
Savannah errors of City Court of corrected in Supreme
Court 6 2 5
Scire Facias writ of issued by Judge Superior Court 6 45
Schools Public how established by City or county 8 4 1
Public existing local system not affected 8 5 1
Not public may share school fund when 8 5 1
See Education
Seal Great use and design of 5 8 1
Search of persons houses and papers warrant for 1 1 18
Seconds in Duel on conviction disqualified for office 2 4 2
Secretary of State returns of election to be made to 2 19
Officer of Executive Department 5 1 1
239
SecretaryContinued
a s p
Election of 5 2 1
Salary and Clerk hire of 5 2 3
Eligibility and Bond of 5 2 6
Perquisites to forbidden 5 2 7
Is keeper of Great Seal 5 3 1
Senate compensation and bond of 3 8 1
Governor compensation of 5 1 19
Securities on forfeited recognizances when relieved 3 7 19
Seizure of persons and papers provisions against 1 1 16
Seminaries of learning may be exempt from tax 7 2 2
Senate is a branch of General Assembly 3 1 1
Consists of 44 members 3 2 1
May propose amendments to appropriation and
revenue bills 3 7 10
Impeachments to be tried before 3 5 3
Senate nomination rejected by effect of 5 1 15
President and Secretary ofSee President and Secretary
Senatorial Districts number composition and change of 3 2 123
Senators number not to be increased 3 2 3
Election and term of 3 4 i2
Qualification of 3 5 1
Sentence commuted or remitted by Governor 5 1 12
Servitude involuntary except as punishment for crime
prohibited 1 1 17
Sessions of General AssemblySee General Assembly
Of Supreme Court 6 2 5
Of Superior Court 6 4 8
Of Justices Court 6 7 2
Setting aside Homestead laws to be provided for 9 4 1
Shares in one corporation not enough to be bought by
another to monopolize 4 2 4
Shows special tax on goes to educational purposes 8 3 1
Sinking fund provided for 7 14 1
Site of county how changed 11 1 4
Slavery forbidden 1 1 17
Social status of citizens not subject of legislation 1 1 18
Soldiers not to be quartered in private houses except when 1 1 19
240
SoldiersContinued
Of U S not to vote on account of being stationed A s p
here 2 1 2
Artificial limbs for maimed Confederates 7 1 1
SolicitorsGqneral term of office and duties of 6 11 12
Election by the Legislature 6 12 1
Salary of 6 13 1
Qualification of 6 14 1
Speaker of House of Representatives how elected 3 6 2
Must sign Acts 3 7 13
Per diem of 3 9 1
Acts as Governor when Special law not to be enacted when provision is made 5 1 8
by general law f 1 4 1
Changing general law in particular cases how passed 1 4 1
For benefit of corporation conditional 4 2 3
Election of Governor See Local 5 1 9
Speech Liberty of not to be curtailed State aid to corporations or persons in any manner pro 1 1 15
hibited 7 5 1
State aid by donation prohibited 7 16 l
To religious denomination prohibited 1 1 14
Printer office abolished 7 17 1
State School Commissioner election and term 8 2 1
Statement of Treasurer to be published Stockholder in corporation State county or city not 3 7 11
to be Street railroad not to run in city without consent of 7 56 1
authorities 3 7 20
Suits may be brought by or against counties Against State to test void or Confederate bonds 11 1 1
prohibited i See Venue 7 11 1
Superior Court is part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Jurisdiction of exclusive 6 4 1
Jurisdiction of general and appellate 6 4 34
Jurisdiction of to issue extra writs 6 4 5
Appeal and new trials in 6 4 6
Appeal from Ordinary to 6 6 1
Appeal from Justices to 6 i 7 2
Sessions of 6 4 8
241

Superior CourtContinued
a s p
Judge one for each circuit and term of 6 3 1
Election of 6 12 1
Salary and qualification of 6 1314 1
May change venue when 6 17 1
May preside in Supreme Court when 6 2 2
May preside in City Court when 6 5 1
Appoints Notary Public exoffico Justice of the
Peace 6 8 1
Sanctions sale of Homesteads 9 38 1
Supplemental Homestead laws to be provided for 9 5 1
Supreme Court part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Constitution of 6 2 1
Jurisdiction sessions and practice 6 25 67
Cost in and paupersaffidavit 6 21 1
Judges election and termx 6 2 4
Judges election and vacancies how filled 6 12 1
Salary and qualification of 6 1314 1
When disqualified in particular case 6 2 2
Suspension from office of Secretary of State Comptroller
and Treasureri 5 1 18
T
Tax to be paid before voting 2 1 2
Defaulters ineligible to Legislature 3 4 7
By County Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
By county or city to meet bounded indebtedness 7 7 2
By county or city for school purposes 8 4 1
By county limited to certain purposes 7 6 2
Maybe imposed by Legislature for what purpose 7 1 1
Must be uniform ad valorem and by general law 7 2 1
On domestic animals of vicious nature 7 2 1
Exemptions from other exemptions void 7 2 24
Poll for educational purposes 7 2 3
Special for educational purposes 8 3 1
States power to impose hot to be restrained 4 1 1
Of corporations not to be surrendered 7 2 5
To raise a Sinking Fund 7 14 1
Lien good against Homestead 9 2 1
Act authority of 12 1 3
Act must originate in the House 3 7 10
242s
TelegraphCompanies may be incorporated by Legis A s p
Terms of office of Governor 3 7 18
Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer Judge of Supreme Court O 5 1 2 2 1
j Judge of Superior Court O 2 4
Justice of the Peace D js 13
Ordinary Attorney and SolicitorGeneral D 6 a 7 6 1 3
State School Commissioner O 2 JLU1 1 1
County Officers Members of General Assembly o 11 3 2 2 4 1 1 1
Testimonycriminatmg himself witness not obliged to
Me Law must not contain matter different from
lo land cases involving where brought
t0lotrtCaSeS inVIving iurisdictio in Superior
Treason what is and how convicted of
Conviction of disfranchises
Pardon respite or commutation for
Treasurer election and term of office 7 Examination by Governor
Officer of Executive Department
Removal of
Salary and Clerks hire of
Perquisites not allowed
Fee other than salary not allowed to
Bond and qualification of
To receive deposits from Fire Insurance Companies
To make quarterly reports to Governor And Governor authorized to loan Sinking Fund raw money from Treasury in what manner treaty force and authority of
Trial a speedy and impartial one is the right of defendant
jury remams inviolate
Tribunals m the various counties to be uniform
Trustees of the people public officers are
The University of Georgia may accept donations etc
Families of minor children entitled to Homestead
243
1
3
11
1
8
9
6 16
6
1
2
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
3
7
7
3
12
1
4 2 2 1 2
1 18 1 1 1 18
2
2
2
2
12
15
14
7
1
1
6 18
6
8
2
1
2
1
12
1
2
7
5
6
4 1 l
11
1
5 1 1 1
1
1

A S
u
Unexpired term of Governor special elections 5 1
Judgps of Supreme Court 6 2
Judges Supreme and Superior Courts Attorney and
SolicitorsGeneral 6 12
Uniformity required in operation of general laws 1 4
In county officers and tribunals H 3
In courts of same grade 6 9
In taxation7 2
University of Georgia appropriation to 8 6
United States Constitution acts in violation of void 1 4
Treaties and laws authority of 12 1
Soldiers not entitled to vote for being stationed here 2 1
V
Vacancy in office of Governor 5 1
Judge of Supreme Court 6 2
Judge of Superior Court 6 3
Judge Supreme and Superior Courts and Solicitor
General 12
Members General Assembly 5 1
Governor may fill when not otherwise provided 5 1
Validity of bonds not to be tried by Judge who is interested 6 2
Declared void by Constitution not subject to suit 7 11
Valuation of Homestead laws to be provided for 9 4
Venue in caes of divorce 6 1
Of land titles
Of Equity 1
Against joint obligors acceptors indorses etc 6 16
Civil and criminal generally 6 16
Civil and criminal changed how 6 17
Verdicts judgements without when 6 4
First and second in divorce cases 6 15
Veto of Governor overruled by twothirds vote 6 7
Viva voce voting by General Assembly 3 10
Void bonds of State not to be paid 7 11
Volunteer companies organization of 10 1
Not paid unless called out by State 10 1
Vote by the people shall be by ballot 2 1
Who is entitled toOath of voter 2 1
Who is not entitled to 2 2
By General Assembly to be viva voce 3 10
244

p
9
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
8
4
2
1
13
14
3
1
1
1
2
3
45
6
1
7
1
23
1
1
2
3
1
2
1
1
VoteContinued
a s p
Of twothirds being required yeas and nays must
be recorded 3 7 21
Of twothirds being required does not do away with
Governors approval 3 7 23
Of twothirds overrides Governors veto 3 7 23
Of General Assembly having effect of law submitted to Governor 5 1 17
Of General Assembly in elections must appear in
House Journal 3 10 1
W
Waiver of Homestead g 3 j
Of old exemption 9 5 j
War ponded debt may be increased for purpose of 7 12 1
Debt of county or city for may be assumed by
State 7 g 1
Debt may be contracted to defend State in time
of 7 3 1
Quartering soldiers in house in time of 11 19
Tax to defend State in time of 7 1
Warrant for search how obtained 1 1 16
Ways private may be granted after compensation paid 13 1
Wearing apparel waiver of exemption on limited 9 3 1
Western Atlantic R R if sold proceeds how applied 7 13 1
Whipping as punishment for crime prohibited 117
White and colored public schools to be seperate 8 1 1
Widows pensions provided for 7 j
Wifes property is her separate estate after marriage 3 11 1
Wild Land Clerk compensation of 5 2 4
Witnesses in criminal cases rights of defendants as to 1 1 5
Not compelled to criminate themselves 1 l 6
Two necessary to convict of treason l 2 2
Worship of God may be according to conscience 1 1 12
Place of may be exempt from taxWl 7 2 2
Y
YEAS AND NAYS TO BE RECORDED IN JOURNAL
At request of onefifth 3 7 0
On appropriation bills and resolutions 3 7 12
When twothirds vote is required 3 7 21
On amendments to Constitution 13 1 1
245
INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF
Georgia House of Representatives 19191920
Prepared by W Cecil Neill of Muscogee County
ABSENTEES Rule No
Auditing Committee duty as to 134
Clerks duty as to 1 134
Boll call dispensed with when I33
ADJOURN MOTION TO
Committee of whole not in order in 119
Definite time debatable when 57
Effect when motion prevails gg
Motion not debatable 56180
Motion not amendable 1 56
Motion when in order gg
Motion when not in order gg
Precedence of motion gg
Shall not be made second time until when 56
ADJOURNMENT
Constitutional time limit 151
Courtesy to speaker at time of i 26
Effect of
Effect when hour of arrives when House acting under
previous question g2
Effect when hour of arrives during vote by yeas and
nays 61
Hour of fixed by House 280
ADVEESE REPORT
BEls and resolutions adversely reported taken up when 41
Debate on final passager 72
Effect of on bills 4g
AMENDMENTS Rule No
Applicable to an amendment 94
Bills or resolutions amended by sections 102
Bill perfected before caption or preamble 101
Bills perfected before substitute 96
Blanks must be filled 100
Clerks duty in amending by striking out and inserting 104
Committee of whole action on 126
Committee of whole what reported to House 132
Germane must be 103
1 Motion to amend how made 94
Motion to commit amendable 92
Motion to postpone indefinitely not amendable 80
Motion to postpone to time definite amendable 85
Motion to table amendment not in order 62
Motion to table not amendable 68
Must be in writing 98
Precedence of motion to amend 55
Priority of amendments L 99
Priority of amendments to perfect part proposed to be
stricken r 105
Priority of over motion to agree or disagree 107
Priority of questions on Senate Amendments to H B 108
Priority of on passage of bill 188
Senate amendments to H B House amendment in
order 106
Reconsidered when 113
Substitute is an amendment 95
When in order 188
When too late 97188
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION
Submission to people 160
Convention called i 161
APPEALS
From Speakers decision 8
Members may address House 11
No debate when of personal character 9
To be made at once 10
APPLAUSE
Speakers right to suppress 29
248
APPROPRIATIONS Rule No
General bill right of way14 41
Governors power over 157 y
Considered in committee of whole 51
House must originate 144
ATTENDANCE
Call of House1 136
Messengers duty 135
Power to compel135136
Speakers1 duty 135
AUDITING COMMITTEE
Absentees duty as to 134
Accounts of members duty as to 195
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Amendments and substitutes bill first perfected 96 i
Amendments by sections 102
Amendments to Code sections 146
Amendments to passed on before those to caption or
preamble 101
Appropriations House must originate 144
Clerk to state number and author when reading 41
Clerk to call in order on calendar 41
Committee of whole how read 118
Committee reports favorable effect of 48
Committee reports unfavorable effect of 48
Committee reports order of precedence 53
Corporations laws relating to 148
Engrossment effeet of 48
General appropriations what to embrace 150
General laws how changed 147
Governors approval necessary 158
Governors failure to return 157
Governors veto j 157
Immediate transmission when 49
Introduction when 47
Printed when 50
Reconsideration effect of 114
Rejected when again consideredl 153
Relief of principals and sureties 149
Requirements for 52
249
f
Buie No
Speakers duty to commit 48
Special laws prohibited when 147
Subjectmatter only oney and expressed in title 145
Unanimous consent for reading 43
Withdrawal of when 48
Majority necessary to pass 139
Debate none at first reading 48
Constitutional requirement as to reading 143
Beading of unanimous consent 43
Beading first no debateX 48
Beading constitutional requirement j 143
CALL OF HOUSE
Committee of whole not in orderL 119
Contempt refusal to vote on 14
When in order r14136
Wheq not in orderLl 77
CAPTION
Not considered until bill perfectedi 101
CHANGE OF VOTES
How done and whentj 191
CLEBK
Absence of speaker and speaker pro tern duty ofi 7
Absentees duty of 134
Amendments striking out and inserting duty of 104
Bills and resolutions how read committee of whole 118
Bills and resolutions called in order from calendar 41
Bills and resolutions name and authors stated 41
Books duty to care for171179
Call of counties Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays 40
Journal names not voting duty to enter 174
Oath of prescribed j 170
CODE SECTIONS
Amendments to Constitutional requirements 146
COMMITTEES
Amendments by take precedence 188
Appointed by speaker 4198
250

Rule No
Bills not to be interlined or defaced by 185
Chairmen Appropriation and Ways and Means Ex
Officio Members198
Conference how constituted 187
Defaulting committee provision aft to 199
Enlarged how 176
Failure of to report provision as to 199
Membership limited 197
Reports of prder of precedence 53
Reports of required1 199
Reporfs must be in writing 189
Rules committee how elected 4
Speaker exofficio member of Rules 4
Speaker to appoint certain committees 4198
COMMIT MOTION TO
Amended how j 92
Applicable to what 89 93
Committee of whole not in order 119
Precedence of as among other motions y 55
Precedency of as among motions to commit to different committees 90
COMMITTEE OF WHOLE HOUSE
Amendments by aetion by House 126
Amendments to amendments how reported to House 132
Appropriation bills considered ini 51
Bills read and debated by sections 118
Call of House not in order 119
Chairman appointed by Speaker 117
Chairman power to clear galleries or lobby 128
Debate how limited and closed 120
Disorderly conduct reported 127
Extension of time how secured r 121
Formation of 117
House may reaplve itself into whenU 116
Interlineation of bills or resolutions prohibited 185
Journalnot show proceedingsn 130
Members shall vote 1 125
Motion to commit to precedence 90
Motion to rise report progress and ask leave to sit
again 122
Papers called for 131
251
Rule No
Proceedings how closed 122
Proceedings not reported in Journal 130
Procedure when business finished 129
Quorum not present procedure 121
Eeconsideration in order 123
Eeports of precedence 53
Rules applicable to and exceptions 119
Speaker may resolve House into when1 115
Speaker may take part 125
Speaker chairman appointed by 117
CONSTITUTIONAL RULES
Adjournments limited 151
Amendments to Code sectionss H5
Amendments to Constitution 150
Appropriation Bills House must originate HI
Appropriation Bill General what to embrace 150
Appropriations Journal to show yeas and nays HI
Bills majority neeessary to pass 139
Bills reading of H3
Bills rejected when again considered 153
Bills subjectmatter expressed in title H5
Bills only one subjectmatter permitted H5
Constitutional convention how called 151
Corporations power of General Assembly over 148
County sites how changed or remoyed 159
Date of meeting fixed 154
Elections by General Assembly 152
Expulsion of members twothirds vote necessary 155
General laws how changed 147
General appropriation bill what to embrace 150
Governor failure to return bills 157
Governors signature when required 156158
Governors veto
House judges of election and qualification of members 155
Journal must show majority vote 139
Journal must show yeas and nays when required140141142
Local and special bills notice required 163
Members power to punish misconduct of 155
Members oath of prescribed 138
Quorum defined v
Relief of principals and sureties H9
252
i
Buie No
Salaries of certain officers how changed 162
Special laws prohibited when1 147
Subjectmatter bills to contain but one 145
Subjectmatter must be expressed in title 145
Veto of Governor 457
Teas and nays required when140141142
Yeas and nays Journal to show on Apps 141
Yeas and nays Journal to show where twothirds vote
required 442
CONTEMPT
Befusal to vote unless excused on call of House 14
CONTEST
Contestant and contestee to retire when vote taken 22
CONVEBSATTON
Prohibited l 24
COUNTY SITE
How changed or removed 159
DEBATE
Adjournment decided without igp
Bills first reading no debate 4g
Committee of whole regulated 119120
Committee happenings reference to out of order 27
Conversations reference to out of order 27
Conduct of members iny 47
Individual speeches limited 47
Motion to adjourn not debatable 56
Motion to change rules not debatable i46
Motion to commit when debatable 91
Motion to change order of business not debatable 46
Motion to extend members time of speaking not debatable 47
Motion to excuse member from voting not debatable 34
Motion to indefinitely postpone debatable 80
M otion to instruct committee debate limited 199
Motion to postpone to time definite what debatable 87
Motion for previous question not debatable 71
Motion to read papers not debatable 33
Motion to suspend rules not debatable 46
253
11 Si111 I
Rule JN o
Motion to table not debatable 68
Previous question decided affirmatively debate regulated JiL 72
Priority of business not debatable 16
Roll call no debate during 30
Senate happenings reference to out of order s 27
Yeas and nays decided without debate 181
Y
DISPARAGING REMARKS
Members prohibited from Se 28
DIVISION
Duty of member calling for 37
Motion to excuse from voting to be made before 34
Right to call for 36
What not divisible 38 39
DRAWING FOR SEATS
Regulated 200
ELECTION
House Judge of of members 155
Majority vote necesshry 193
ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE
Duties of 172
EXCEPTION OX WORDS SPOKEN
Procedure 18
EXPLANATION OF VOTES
When allowed and time limited32
EXPULSION OF MEMBERS
When r17155
DOORKEEPER
Duty as to enforcement of rule as to intoxication 25
Duty as to messages 184
Speaker may suspend when 12
GALLERIES
Applause to be suppressed 29
254
Committee of whole chairman may clear Speaker may clear i
Buie No 12S 13
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Meets when
Session limited J
general appropriation bill
Constitutional provision as to what it shall embrace Right of way in order of business
154
154
150
41
GENERAL LAWS How changed
GENERAL TAX BILL
Right of way of
GOVERNOR
Failure to return bill effect Signature when required Veto
HOUR OP ADJOURNMENT Fixed by House
147
41
157
156158
157
180
IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO SENATE
Twothirds vote necessary
INTOXICATION
Member denied floor while in state of25
JOURNAL
Absentees shown on
Amndments to Constitution yeas and nays must be 134 i shown on
Appropriation of money yeas and nays shown 141
Committee duty to read I
Committee of whole proceedings not shown i30
Majority on passage of bills must be shown 139
Names those not voting shown on 174
Yeas and nays to be shown 140141
255
LAUDATORY REMARKS Rule No
Prohibited in Nominations 28
LOCAL BILLS
Constitutional requirement as to reading 143
Constitutional requirement as to notice 163
Introduced when 47
Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent 43
MAIN QUESTION
Effect as to when votes had on motion for previous
question 717274
Minority report time allowed for debate 75
Motion to table supercedes when 70
Reconsideration of 71
When ordered call of House 77
When ordered vote how taken 73
MAJORITY
Bill majority vote necessary to pass 139
Elections majority vote necessary J 193
Quorum majority necessary 137
MEMBERS
Adjournment duty of at 26
Arrest subject to when135136137
Attendance of compelled when135136137
Books and papers duty as to 179
Called to order for transgressing rules 17
Changing votes how and when 191
Committee of whole right to speak1 119
Committee of whole duty to vote 1 125
Conduct in debate 17
Conversation and smoking prohibited19 24
Debate how often to speak 17
Debate individual speeches limited 17
Debate references to conversations happenings in
committee and Senate prohibited 27
Decorum of 17242627
Designation of members mode ofr 20
Exceptions to words of procedure 13
256
Rule No
Expulsion of when 155 17
Interrogating mode of 1
Intoxication denied floor when in state of 25
Introduction of bills number limited 40
Introduction of bills name and county to be endorsed 5
Laudatory remarks prohibited in nominations 28
Member speaking duty of while26
Misconduct in house and committee of whole 155127
Motion may make one at a time 31
Motion must resume seat while being put 31
Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when 35
Oath of prescribed 138
Protests of proceedings 23
Eetire when required to 22
Seats drawing for 200
Vote shall not when interested 22
Vote shall exception 34125
MEMOEIALS
Manner of presentation 168
MEETING OF HOUSE
Adjournment fixed by House 180
Time of meeting for daily sessions 180
Constitutional provision 1 154
MINORITY REPORTS
How made j 189
Main question ordered privilege first signer 75
MESSAGES
How sent announced received and considered 165
MESSENGER
Arrest of members 135136
Exofficio sergeantatarms 135
Intoxicated member enforcement of rule 25
General duties 183184
Speaker may suspend when 12
MOTIONS
Information from executive department lie on table 190
Nondebatable prohibited when 35
Eule No
One at a time only 31
Order of priority 55
Order of business motion to change not debatable 46
Order of business motion to change vote necessary 54
Read papers motion to decided without debate 33
Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 44
Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted424546
Seconding of unnecessary 175
Special orders motion to mate how submitted 42
Strike out and insert motion to not divisible 39
Unprivileged to lie on table 173
Withdrawn how 167
NEW MATTERS
Call of counties by clerk 40
General bills limited to one a day 40
Information from executive department to lie on table 190
Motion unprivileged containing lie on table173
Unanimous consents for 43
NOMINATIONS
Laudatory remarks prohibited 28
OATHS
Of clerk prescribed 170
Of members prescribed 138

ORDER OF BUSINESS
Changed how
Motion to change not debatable 46
Motion to change vote necessary 44 54
Priority of established 196
Rules committee to fix during last seven days 54
PARLIAMENTARY LAW
Applicable when 194
PETITIONS
Considered when 166
Manner of presentation 168
PREAMBLE
Not considered until resolution perfected 101
258
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS Rule No
Established gg
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Adjourn motion not in order after affirmative votes
on 71
Adjournment effect arrival hour of House acting under 51
Affirmative votes result271727475
Applicable to what 7
Call of House hot in order after ordered except when 77
Call for sustained motion to table in order 1 70
Exhausted must be before matters of words excepted
to decidedj jg
Precedence of motion 55
POSTPONE
Applicable to what definite and indefinite81 88
Committee of whole motion to definitely postpone not
in order ii 119
Debate motion to indefinitely postpone debatable but
not amendable 80
Definitely postpone motion to amendable 1 85
Effect of affirmative action on motion to indefinitely
postpone 79
Effect of affirmative action on motion to postpone to
time definite 84
Effect of negative action 84
Indefinitely motion to when not applicable 81
Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 86
Indefinitely motion to not renewable 82
Precedence of motion Jr 55
PRIVILEGE
Motion without to lie on table 173
Personal privilege 192
Questions of what constitutes 192
PRIVILEGES OF FLOOR
Who entitled to 177
PRINTING OF BILLS
When ordered 59
PROTESTS OF MEMBERS
Procedure 23
259

QUALIFYING PARAGRAPH Ruie No
Not a divisible question 38
QUORUM
Constitutional definition 137
READING OF PAPERS
House determines by vote 35
RECONSIDERATION
Amendments when reconsidered 113
Bills notice of motion when given1 109
Bills notice not to be withdrawn when 110
Committee of whole motion in orderj 123
Effect of on bills 114
Main question ordered motion in order to reconsider 71
Motion in order but once on same subject matterIll
Motions when in order 112
REMONSTRANCES
Manner of presentation 163
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
Committees may report by bill or otherwise 169
Order of precedence of 53
ROLL CALL
Explanation of votes on 32
Debate none during 30
How dispensed with L 133
Speaker may order when 15
RULES
Motion to suspend or change decided without debate 46 Suspended or changed how444546
RULES COMMITTEE
Constituted and elected how 4
Effcet of fai ure to report45
Order of business fixed by during last seven days 54
Report of in order when 169
Special orders and motions to suspend rules duty to
report on 42 45
260
SALARIES RuleN
Constitutional provision as to changing 162
SEATS
Drawing for regulated200
SERGEANTATARMS
Call of House duty of5 30
Messenger is exofficio 1 135
SIGNATURE OF SPEAKER AND CLERK
When required lgi
SILENCE
Meinbers to preserve when jp
SMOKING
Prohibited
SPEAKER
Absence of Speaker pro tem to preside7
Adjournment members to remain until Speaker retires 26
Appeals from decision of891011
Appeals from decisionof to be made at once 10
Appeals from decision of no debate when 9
Appointment of committees by 4193
Appointment of chairman of Committee of Whole 117
Appointment of Conference Committee 187
Attendance power to compel 135
Business priority of decided without debate 16
Chairman Committee of Whole appointed by 117
Committees appointed by 4198
Committee of Whole may resolve House into when 115
Committee of Whole assumes chair when 122
Committee of Whole receiving chairmans report 129
Committee of Whole right to take part in 125
Courtesy1 of members to at adjournment j 26
Doorkeeper Speaker may suspend a 12
Galleries may be cleared by j1 13
Interrogation of members conducted through 21
Irrelevant debate power to suspend 1
Members Speaker may name to presiSe 6
Members courtesy due by at adjournment 26
261
c
Rule No
Method of stating question by 5
Quorum duty of when no quorum voting 14 15
Recognition of members decided by 3
Recognition of members fof unanimous consent 43
Rules Committee Speaker exofficio memberi 4
Silence commanded by when 1
Suspension of officers 12
Vote Speaker required to when 2
SPEAKER PRO TEM

Absence of Speaker duty to preside 7
Absence of Speaker dut yto preside 7
elect l1 7
SPECIAL COMMITTEE
Priority of motion to commit in 90
SPECIAL LAWS
Notice required 163
Prohibited when1 147
SUBJECTMATTER
Bills to contain but one and expressed in title145
SUBSTITUTE
Amendment isi 95
Bill perfected before substitute1 96
Motion to table not in order 62
SUSPENSION OF RULES
How accomplished 444546
TABLE MOTION TO
Amendment or substitute motion to table not in order 62
Amendment motion to table not subject to 68
Application of what can be laid on table 69
Committee of whole motion not in order 119
Debate motion to table not debatable 68
Effect when motion to table prevails 64
Effect when motion to take from table prevails63 65
Effect when motion to take from table prevails where
measure tabled after roll call 66
Executive department information called from tabled
one day 190
262
Rule No
Main question motion to table in order after motion
for previous question sustained 70
Main question motion to table not in order after House
has voted that main question shall be now put 70
Motion to take from when in order 63
Previous question motion to table in order after call
for sustained 0 70
Previous question motion to table not in order after
main question ordered x 70
Renewal of motions to table and take from when 67
Roll call motion not in order until completion 66
TWOTHIRDS Vote NECESSARY WHEN
Amendments to Constitution i 160
Constitution Convention 161
County Site changed or removed 159
Expulsion of members 155
Governors veto overriden 156157158
Prolongation of session 156
UNANIMOUS CONSENTS
Limitation and regulation of 43
YEAS AND NAYS
Adjournment effect when hour of arrives during vote
by 61
Amendments to Constitution 160
Changing votes after call of 191
Committee of whole vote not taken by 119
Explanation of votes when vote taken by 32
Excuse from voting motion must be made before roll
call begins 34
Journal to show when140141142
Journal to show names not voting 174
Motioh to table when in order when vote taken by 66
Required when 73140141142
Speaker may order when no quorum voting 15

Gr ft J H2
Jj