THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA MANUAL OF TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF The State of Georgia 19191920 BY DEVEREAUX F McCLATCHEY Secretary of the Senate AND E B MOORE Clerk of the House of Representatives 1920 Chas P Byrd State Printer Atlanta Ga THE GENERAL LIBRARY THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA STATE LIBRARY GIFT 1938 the general library the UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA ATHENS GEORGIA i NOV 1 3 1943 EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT STATE OF GEORGIA HUBH M DORSEYGovernor LAURA BAIRDPrivate Secretary to Governor C A WESTSecretary Executive Department MRS SLOAN TRU8C0TT Warrant Clerk a L MeLENDONSecretary of State WILLIAM A WRIGHTComptrollerGeleral and Ins Commissioner WILLIAM J SPEERTreasurer T R BENNETTState Superintendent of Banking H J FULLBRIGHTState Tax Commissioner R A DENNYAttorneyGeneral J J BROWNCommissioner of Agriculture M L BRiTTAINState Superintendent of Schools J W LINDSEYPension Commissioner H M STANLEYCommissioner of Commerce and Labor J VAN HOLT NASHAdjustantGeneral MRS M B COBBlState Librarian CHARLOTTE H TEMPLETONSee State Library Commission S W McCALLJEState Geologist A C LEWIS1 State Entomologist DR S H WILSONState Chemist PETER F BAHNSENState Veterinarian THEODOSIUS MASSENGALEKeeper of Public Buildings S J SLATEtState Game Warden DR L L KNIGHTState Historian DR T F ABERCROMBIESecretary State Board of Health PHILIP WELTNERSecretary Public Welfare Board PAT T MeCUTCHEONSuperintendent of Public Printing T A CHEATHAMDrug Inspector M T ROANEState Oil Inspector O S LEEPure Food Inspector LEM B JACKSONDirector Bureau of Markets RAILROAD COMMISSION C M CANDLER Chairman PAUL TRAMMELL JOHN T BOIFEUILLET JAMES A PERRY JAMES D PRICE the general library THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA STATE LIBRARY GIFT 1938 T E PATTERSON E L RAINEY STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT PRISON COMMISSION R E DAVIDSON Chairmanl DR C M STRAHAN Chairman STANLEY BENNET R C NEELY the general library the UNIVERSITY of GEORGIA ATHENS GEORGIA MEMBERS AND OFFICERS OF THE SENATE OF GEORGIA 19191920 SAM L OLIVE President AUGUSTA J H ENNIS President Pro Tem MTLLEDGEVILLE DEVEREAUX F McCLATCHEY Secretary ATLANTA CHARLES P HANSELL Assistant Secretary THOMASVILLE CHARLES F RICE Journal Clerk ATLANTA PAT HARALSON Calendar Clerk BLAIRSYILLE C M HOOKS Messenger FORSYTH A P GRIFFIN Doorkeeper STONE MOUNTAIN Deceased MEMBERS OF THE SENATE OF GEORGIA BY DISTRICTS FOR SESSION OF 19191920 First DistrictChatham Bryan and Effingham LEONORIAN NEIDLINGER Springfield Second DistrictLiberty McIntosh and Tattnall H H ELDERSReidsville Third DistrictWayne Appling and Jeff Davis Z W KIRKLANDtHazlehurst Fourth DistrictGlynn Camden and Charlton JESSE W YICPERYFolkston Fifth DistrictWare Clinch and Atkinson J E T BOWDEN1Waycross Sixth DistrictEchols Lowndes Berrien and Cook J H KEENE Stockton Seventh DistrictBrooks Thomas and Grady J Q SMITH Cairo Eighth DistrictDecatur Mitchell and Miller S M WATSONColquitt Ninth DistrictEarly Calhoun and Baker Z T RABUN Morgan Tenth DistrictDougherty Lee and Worth J S SHINGLER Ashburn Eleventh DistrictClay Randolph and Terrell J B BUSSEY Cuthberi Twelfth DistrictStewart Webster and Quitman H M KAIGLERGeorgetown 6 Thirteenth DistrictSumter Schley and Macon B B BROOKSMontezuma Fourteenth DistrictDooly Pulaski and Bleckley J D MAYNARDAbbevffle Fifteenth DistrictWheeler Montgomery and Toombs J G CALHOUN Mt Vernon Sixteenth DistrictLaurens Emanuel Johnson and Treutlen FRED KEA Dublin Seventeenth DistrictScreven Burke and Jenkins JAMES A DIXONMmen Eighteenth DistrictRichmond Glascock and Jefferson S L OLIVEAugusta Nineteenth DistrictTaliaferro Green and Warren P G VEAZEY Warrenton Twentieth DistrictBaldwin Hancock and Washington J H ENNISMlHedgeville Twentyfirst DistrictTwiggs Wilkinson and Jones A J WOODJeffersonville Twentysecond DistrictBibb Monroe and Pike BEN J FOWLERMacon Twentythird DistrictHouston Crawford and Taylor R C LeSUEURRoberta Twentyfourth DistrictMuscogee Marion and Chattahoochee J E HOGGBuena Vista Twentyfifth DistrictHarris Upson and Talbot J R LUNSFORDHamilton Twentysixth DistrictSpalding Butts and Fayette J J FLYNT Griffin Twentyseventh DistrictBarrow Walton and Oconee JOSIAH BLASINGAMElJersey Twentyeighth DistrictJasper Putnam and Morgan W P WALLACE Rutledge Twentyninth DistrictColumbia McDuffie and Lincoln J T OLIVEHarlem Thirtieth DistrictElbert Madison and Hart CLARENCE E ADAMSDanielsville Thirtyfirst DistrictHabersham Franklin and Stephens FERMOR BARRETT Toecoa Thirtysecond DistrictWhite Dawson and Lumpkin J E PRUETTDahlonega Thirtythird DistrictHall Banks and Jackson J S AYERS1 i2Jefferson ThirtyFourth DistrictDeKalb Rockdale and Newton OSCAR A NIX Lawrenceville Thirtyfifth DistrictFulton Clayton and Henry IVAN E ALLENAtlanta Thirtysixth DistrictCampbell Coweta and Meriwether J T DUNCAN Douglasville Thirtyseventh DistrictCarroll Heard and Troup E T STEED Carrollton Thirtyeighth DistrictHaralson Polk and Paulding S W RAGSDALErDallas Thirtyninth DistrictCherokee Cobb and Douglas C J HARBIN Cumming Fortieth DistrictUnion Towns and Rabun W D RICE Hiawassee Fortyfirst DistrictPickens Fannin and Gilmer W K REECEEllijay Fortysecond DistrictBartow Floyd and Chattooga CLAUDE C PITTMAN CartfersVille Fortythird DistrictMurray Gordon and Whitfield GEORGE G GLENN Dalton Fortyfourth DistrictWalker Dade and Catoosa WALTER W CURETONRising Pawn i Fortyfifth DistrictIrwin Ben Hill and Telfair JAS B CLEMENTSIrwinviUe Fortysixth DistrictBacon Pierce and Coffee J K LARKINSHoboken Fortyseventh DistrictColquitt Tift and Turner M C KENDALL Moultrie Fortyeighth DistrictCrisp Wilcox and Dodge W H DORRISCordele Fortyninth DistrictBulloch Candler and Evans H B WILKINSONClaiton Fiftieth DistrictClarke Oglethorpe and Wilkes W H REYNOLDSjiLexington Fiftyfirst DistrictGwinnett Milton and Forsyth WALTER L BELLDuluthRoute No 2 Vice T H Parker Deceased 8 Standing Committees of the Senate ACADEMY FOR BLIND Veazey Chairman Maynard ViceChairman Bell Reynolds Fowler Rice Keene Wilkinson Neidlinger Reece Prnett AGRICULTURE Wallace Chairman Wilkinson VChairman Blasingame Kaigler Bowden Kea Calhoun Kirkland Clements Larkins Duncan Neidlinger Elders Parker Ennis Reece Flynt Rice Harbin Shingler Hogg Veazey APPROPRIATIONS Allen Chairman Steed ViceChairman Adams Glenn jyers Hogg Barrett Kaigler Bowden Kea Bussey Keene Clements Nix Cureton Olive Elders Pittman Ennis Pruett Flynt Reynolds Fowler Wallace 11 v AUDITING Rabun Chairman Watson ViceChairman Adams Kirkland Allen Steed Bussey BANKS AND BANKING Watson Chairman Duncan ViceChairman Ayers Lunsford Barrett Pruett Blasingame Rabun Clements Shingler Ennis Wallace COMMERCE AND LABOR Bowden Chairman Veazey ViceChairman Ayers Fowler Elders Glenn Flynt v rfl CONGRESSIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE REAPPORTIONMENTS Cureton Chairman Clements VChairman Bell Larkins Bussey LeSueur Dorris Neidlinger Fowler Wood 12 CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS Dixon Chairman Nix ViceChairman Allen Kea Barrett Kendall Bowden LeSueur Brooks Lunsford Clements Maynard Dorris Olive Elders Pittman Ennis Pruett Flynt Rabun Fowler Shingler Glenn Smith Hogg Veazey CORPORATIONS Adams Chairman Ragsdale VChairman Barrett Larkins Blasingame Reynolds Bowden Veazey Bussey Wilkinson Clements Wood Hogg COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS Reece Chairman Vickery VChairman Bell Keene Brooks Kirkland Calhoun Maynard Duncan Neidlinger Harbin Rice Kaigler DRAINAGE Vickery Chairman Ayers ViceChairman Bowden Kirkland Bussey Shingler Elders Smith Keene 13 EDUCATION Eldeks Chairman Kaigleb ViceChairman Adams Larkins Bell Maynard Blasingame Neidlinger Bussey Rabun i Calhoun Shingler Dixon Steed Duncan Veazey Flynt Vickery Kea Wilkinson Kendall Wood Kirkland ENGROSSING Habbin Chairman Keene ViceChairman Adams Kirkland Bussey Maynard Calhoun Pruett Kaigler ENROLLING Bell Chairman Reece ViceChairman Kea Rice Neidlinger Veazey Pittman Wilkinson Pruett FINANCE Blasingame Chairman Brooks ViceChairman Bell Lunsford Calhonn Maynard Dixon Neidlinger Dorris Babun Duncan Beece Elders Shingler t Flynt Veazey Kendall Vickery Kirkland Wilkinson Larkins Wood LeSneur HALLS AND BOOMS Bice Chairman Harbin ViceChairman Allen Hogg Brooks Watson Ennis GAME AND FISH Wilkinson Chairman Vickery ViceChairman Clements Hogg Dorris Keene Elders Larkins 1 Fowler Lunsford Flynt GENEBAL JUDICIABY No L Steed Chairman Nix ViceChairman Adams Glenn Barrett Kea Bussey Olive Dorris Pruett Flynt Smith GENERAL JUDICIARY No 2 Ayebs Chairman Clements Cureton Dixon Elders Lunsfobd VChairman Fowler LeSueur Pittman Ragsdale HYGIENE AND SANITATION Wood Chairman Ayers Barrett Brooks Bussey Bell ViceChairman Hogg Maynard Reynolds Wilkinson INSURANCE Hgg Chairman Ayers Barrett Cureton Flynt Glenn LeSueur Rabun ViceChairman Lunsford Nix Olive Pittman Wallace Watson INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS Keene Chairman Dixon ViceChairman LeSueur Allen Bowden Fowler Ragsdale Rice JOURNALS iUNSFOBD Chairman Brooks Cureton Harbin Allen ViceChairman Olive Rice 16 MANUFACTURES Duncan Chairman Calhoun VChairman Allen Nix 1 Bowden Rabun Ennis Ragsdale Keene Shingler Larkins Wallace Maynard MILITARY AFFAIRS Fowler Chairman Rice ViceChairman LeSueur Brooks Nix Cureton Pruett nns Ragsdale MINES AND MINING Pittman Chairman Cureton ViceChairman Bowden Harbin Pruett Reece Rice Smith Watson Nix Chairman PENITENTIARY Reece ViceChai Adams Kirkland Bell LeSueur Bussey Lunsford Calhoun Neidnger Cureton Nix Dorris Olive Duncan Pruett Ennis Ragsdale Harbin Rice Hogg Smith Kaigler Veazey Kea Vickery Keene Wilkinson Kendall Wood 17 V PENSIONS Brooks Chairman Shingler VChairman Blasingame Fowler Bussey Nix Calhoun Steed Dorris Watson Flynt PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS Bussey Chairman Pruett ViceChairman Allen Nix Barrett Pittman Blasingame Ragsdale Cureton Reece Elders Reynolds Ennis Wallace Glenn PUBLIC LIBRARY Neidlinger Chairman Olive ViceChairman Brooks Kea Clements Kirkland Harbin PUBLIC PRINTING LeSueur Chairinan Gclenn ViceChairman Allen Larkins Brooks Lunsford Clements Pittman Cureton PUBLIC PROPERTY Calhoun Chairman Ayers ViceChairman Hogg Smith Dorris Vickery Kaigler Wood Larkins 18 PUBLIC ROADS Enis Chairman Barrett Bell Brooks Clements Cureton Dorris Duncan Elders Ennis Flynt Hogg Keene LeSueur VChairman Kendall Pruett Rabun Reece Reynolds Rice Shingler Smith Wallace Wilkinson Wood RAILROADS Petjett Chairman Rabun ViceChairman Ayere Maynard Barrett Nix Bowden Olive Calhoun Wallace Clements Watson Flynt RULES Barrett ViceChairman Ennis Ayers v Fowler Bowden Glenn Clements Hogg Dorris Kea Duncan Olive Elders Shingler 19 STATE SANITARIUM Larkins Chairman Wood ViceChairman Adams Pruett Bell Rabun Calhoun Ragsdale Dixon Reynolds Ennis Rice Flynt Smith Harbin Steed Kaigler Watson Keene Wilkinson Neidlinger r a SPECIAL JUDICIARY Dorris Chairman Cureton ViceChairman Ayers Nix Dixon Pittman Flynt Ragsdale Larkins Smith Lunsford Steed SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF Maynard Chairman Parker ViceChairman Bowden Kendall Calhoun Reece Duncan Vickery Kaigler Wilkinson STATE OF THE REPUBLIC Kea Chairman Ragsdale VChairman Allen Larkins Barrett Olive Blasingame Reynolds Duncan Smith Flynt Veazey Kirkland Wilkinson 20 TEMPERANCE Kaigler Chairman Adams Bell Blasingame Dixon Duncan Kea Keene Kirkland TUBERCULOSIS Kirkland Chairman Barrett Bussey Keene Dorris ViceChairman Larkins Neidlinger Pittman Rabun Shingler Smith Veazey Wilkinson SANITARIUM AT ALTO Brooks VChairman Maynard Neidlinger Wallace UNIFORM LAWS Smith Chairman Adams Ayers Cureton Elders Pittman VChairman Kea LeSueur Nix Parker UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA Reynolds Chairman Adams Ayers Barrett Blasingame Bowden Dorris Duncan Cureton VChairman Ennis Fowler Nix Pittman Steed Wallace 21 WESTERN ATLANTIC RAILROAD Glenn Chairman Bell ViceChairman Cnreton Pittman Dixon Pruett Dnncan Ragsdale Harbin Reynolds Kaigler Rice Keene Kendall Nix Vickery PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR Ennis Chairman Eldebs ViceChairman W P Wallace 22 RULES OF THE SENATE ADOPTED FOR SESSIONS OF 19191920 THE PRESIDENT Rult 1 The President shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful Rule 2 In all cases of election by the Senate the President shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the Senate shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the President may vote Rule 3 When two or more Senators shall rise at the same time the President shall name the Senator entitled to proceed Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the President unless otherwise ordered by the Senate Rule 5 The method of stating the question on any motion by the President shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decisioii may seem doubtful to the President or a division of the Senate is called for by any one member of the Senate the President shall call upon the Senators in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the Secretary he shall call upon the Senators to reverse their positions and the President shall announce the result Discretion of President When President shall vote Right of Senator to the floor to he decided by the President President to appoint committees Method of stating a Question by the Presdent 25 Presdent may name Senators to preside Duty of Secretary when President is absent When no debate on appeals Appeals to be made at once Power of President to suspend subordinate officers When President may order galleries and lobbies cleared Rule 6 The President may during a days sitting name any Senator to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the President shall be absent the President pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Secretary of the Senate shall call the Senate to order and shall preside until a President pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the Senate The President pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease Rule 8 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate Rule 9 All appeals from the decisions of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of th alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made Rule 10 The President shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the Senate within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the Senate may see fit to take in the premises Rule 11 The President shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the Senate cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested 26 and brought before the bar of the Senate to be v dealt with for contempt of the Senate Rule 12 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the Senate the President may order the door of the Senate to be closed and the roll of Senators called by the Secretary and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the Senate and any Senator present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the Senate Ruel 13 The President may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the Senate discloses the fact that a quorum of the Senate has not voted Rule 14 All questions as to priority of business to be acted on shall bp decided by the President without debate ON DECORUM AND DEBATE Rule 15 When any Senator is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the Senate he shall arise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr President He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject nor more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have skopen If any Senator in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the Senate the President shall call him to order in which case the Senator so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The Senate shall if appealed to decide and if the dcision of the Senate be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offence shall be reproved No quorum voting duty of President When President may order vote taken by yeas and nays Decision on questions of priority Conduct of Senators in debate Appeals 27 Expulsion See Rule 147 Exception to words spoken Silence Mode of designating Senators Shall not vote when interested in result for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the Senate by a twothirds vote of the Sena tors which said vote shall he taken by ayes and nays Rule 16 If any Senator be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Secretary and read then admitted denied or explained by the Senator who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the Senate may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the Senate is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been disposed of or until such further time as may then be ordered by the Senate But no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the Senate for words spdken in debate if any other Senator has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken Rule 17 The members of the Senate shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking Senator shall have taken his seat Rule 18 The Senators shall avoid naming each other when they may hape occasion to take notiee of their observations but may designate them by the districts they represent Rule 19 No Senator shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is personally interested and in every case where the seat of a Senator is being contested the sitting Senator and the contestant 28 I shall both retire from the Senate before the vote is taken Rule 20 Any Senator may have entered on the Journal a protest in writing against the action of the Senate said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the Senate nor any member thereof Rule 21 No Senator shall address the Senate nor interrogate a Senator who is speaking except through the President and if the Senator speaking declines to be interrupted the President shall cause the Senator desiring to interrogate him to be silent Rule 22 No Senator shall pass between the Chair and a Senator while he is speaking nor shall any Senator at the time of adjournment leave his seat ujitil the President retires Rule 23 No Senator shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another Senator or to any mattrs which have transpired in any committee or in the House except as to the final action taken by the House in any pending matter Rule 24 No smoking shall be allowed in the Senate Chamber during the Sessions of the Senate nor shall conversation be permitted within the Chamber Rule 25 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged Rule 26 Applause or hisses in the Senate Chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed Protests Duty while Senator is speaking and at adjournment Rresrietion in debate Applause and hisses foYbidden 29 No debate during yeas and nays Only one motion be made at a time Explanation Reading of papers Motion to excuse when made Excuses from voting Rule 27 During the calling or reading of ayes and nays on any question no debate shall be had Rule 28 No Senator can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the Senate he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the President Rule 29 On all questions except such as are not debatable any Senator on the call of the ayes and nays shall be allowed five minutes as a matter of right in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no Senator shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent No motion or request shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a Senators time for explaining Rule 30 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any Senator it shall be determined by a vote of the Senate and this motion shall be decided without debate Rule 31 A motion to excuse a Senator from voting must be made before the Senate divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the Senator making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail Rule 32 No Senator shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then move to table the bill resolution or motion or move the previous question thereon without relinquishing the floor 30 DIVISION OF A QUESTION Rule 33 Any one Senator maycall for a division Can for division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it Rule 34 The Senator calling for a division must Division state into how many and definitely what parts he how made would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself and be consistent and entire BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Rule 35 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar Bills and and before reading any bill or resolution the second called in order or third time the Secretary shall distinctly state its number and the name of the Senator by whom introduced Provided that the General Appropriation Bill and the General Tax Bill shall have precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said bills shall have been finally disposed of Rule 36 Every motion or request to take up general bills or resolutions out of their regular order Proviso and every motion or request for special orders shall turns tobe be submitted in writing and reported upon by the in writ ng Committee on Rules before being submitted to the Senate Rule 37 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of Question on first any bill or resolution or other matter requiring reading reference to a committee the President shall as a 31 Effect of favorable report of committee Adverse re port of committee Bills when withdrawn Reports of commttees order of action matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise orydered by the Senate In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof hall be made by the Secretary and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed Rule 38 Where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill etc the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question unless recommitted Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill etc on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committeeis agreed to the bill etc shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill etc shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Provided that no bill etc adversely reported shall be taken up for a second reading except by motion of some Senator Any bill etc may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the Senate Rule 39 When a bill etc favorably reported by a committee is on its third or last reading if the report of the committee is disagreed to by the Sen ate the bill or measure shall be lost unless the action of the Senate in disagreeing to the committee report is reconsidered within the proper time Rule 40 The President shall not recognize any Senator at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to place any general bill on its passage out of its regular order Neither shall he recognize any request for unanimous consent for the in 32 troduction of new matter or to read any bill or resolution the second time or to place any local bill or resolution on its passage except during the first 30 minutes after the confirmation of the Journal The President shall entertain but one unanimou consent at any one time Rule 41 Where a bill or a resolution has beer referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to tht same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the Senate Rule 42 All bills and resolutions shall be written or printed and shall have the name of the Senatoi introducing the same as well as the district he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same Rule 43 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the Senate by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the Senate agreeing thereto Rule 44 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the House on the day of the passage thereof unless a majority of the Senators present shall so order Rule 45 The Committee on Rules during the last seven legislative days of each session shall arrange and fix the calendar of business for each day and such calendar shall bea standing and continuing special order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order and manner fixed by such calendar except by a threefourths vote of those present Bills and resolutions to be In writing How indorsed Bills when printed Transmission to House by majority vote 33 PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS Order of precedence Not debatable when may be renewed Amendment When debatable When made When not to order Rule 46 When any subject is before the Senate for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit 1st A motion to adjourn 2d A motion to lay on table 3d A motion for the previous question 4th A motion to postpone indefinitely 5th A motion to postpone to a day certain 6th A motion to commit 7th A motion to amend Which said several motions shall have precedence in the order named MOTION TO ADJOURN Rule 47 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the Senate A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended Rule 48 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the Senate is not actually engaged in other business is debatable and is amendable as to the day or time proposed Rule 49 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the Senator moving it can legitimately obtain the floor Rule 50 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustainedbut when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn 34 be in order after the Secretary has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one Senator has been given or after a division of the Senate has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced Rule 51 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the Senate to the next sitting day or time in course Rule 52 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the Senate is being taken by the yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the Senate is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the Senate shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE Rule 53 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order Rule 54 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the Senate is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken from the table it is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar Rule 55 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business hasintervened between the votes THE GENERAL LIBRAR g the general library THE UNIVERSITY OF CEC RWh UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA STATE LIBRARY IfT if ft ATHENS GEORGIA Effect of adjournment Hour of adjournment What business postponed Amendment or substitute cannot cannot be laid on table How matters may be taken from table When renewed Not debatable or amendable What can be tabled When In order Effect of previous question Twenty minutes 4 bate allowed Rule 56 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable Rule 57 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up gain Rule 58 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION Rule 59 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions exempt motions to adjourn or to lay on the table and when it is moved the first question shall be Shall the call for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority vote in the affirmative the motionto adjourn or to lay on the table can still be made but they must be made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative and after said last question is affirmatively decided by a mapority vote said motions will be out of order and the Senate cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives Rule 60 When the previous question has beeu ordered the Senate shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill 36 or other measure is under consideration to close the debate When the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before the time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such Senators as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule Rule 61 After the main question is ordered any Senator may call for a division of the Senate in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays but on all questions on which the yeas and nays are called the assent of onefifth of the number present shall be necessary to sustain the call and when such call is sustained the yeas and nays shall be entered on the Journal Rule 62 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the Senate to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved Rule 63 After the main question has been ordered a motion to reconsider this action will if adopted have the effect to repeal the ordering of both the main question and the previous question and will leave the pending measure again open to debate and amendment This motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question can be made only once and if lost or if the main question is again subsequently ordered on the pending measure no second motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question shall be entertained Vote how taken Yeas and nays Onefifth necssary Effect of man qetion being ordered Reconsideration when in order 37 Contested elections How called and ordered Call of the Senate when in order Questions of order Effect Not amendable Rule 64 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any matter if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member of said committee whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report Rule 65 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection Rule 66 A call of the Senate shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the President that a quorum is not present Rule 67 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE Rule 68 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session Rule 69 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended 38 Rule 70 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule Rule 71 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has once been voted down MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN Rule 72 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strietly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another This motion cannot be renewed or made a second time to the same measure on the same day Rule 73 The motion to postpone to a day certain cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but only to the whole measure It is amendable by substituting one day or time for another If a day proposed is known to be beyond the limits of the Session the motion shall be treated as one to indefinitely postpone MOTION TO COMMIT Rule 74 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee When cannot he applied Not renewed Dehate when and how allowed Motion to commit 39 Prece derice o When debatable How amended Motion to recommit Amend ments how made Bill first perfected then the substitute Rule 75 A motion to commit to a standing committe6 takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on Rule 76 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions re added the merits of the question can be debated Rule 77 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the Senator mak ing the motion Rule 78 Any proposition that has been referrec to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any othei committee by a majority of a quorum MOTION TO AMEND Rule 79 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit 1st By inserting or adding words 2d By striking out words 3d By striking out and inserting words An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment Rule 80 When a bill or resolution is befdre the Senate for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the Senate to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the 40 affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute Rule 81 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the Senate unless said action of the Senate in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered Rule 82 All motions to amend any matter before the Senate must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amend ment shall be inserted or added Rule 83 On all questions whether in committee or in the Senate the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put Rule 84 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend Rule 85 The caption or preamble of a bill oi resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected Rule 86 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the Senate shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Secretary in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was WJien too late to amend Must be in writing Priority Blanks Caption when amended Amending by sections 41 Vmendfnents by striking1 out and inserting Priority of amendment to perfect mending Souse amend ments See Rule 130 Priority Priority of questions on House amendments referred shall be read by the Secretary without any motion being made in the Senate and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur back and amend it Rule 87 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Secretary shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended Rule 88 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a paragraph any amendment offered to perfect the paragraph shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out Rule 89 When any bill or resolution which originated in the Senate has been amended in the House and is before the Senate for action on the House amendment an amendment may be offered in the Senate to the House amendment but the Senate amendment to the House amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down Rule 90 A motion to amend an amendment made by the House to a Senate bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment Rule 91 The questions which arise before the Senate respecting amendments by the House to a Senate bill or resolution are 1st A motion to agree to the House amendment 2d Amotion to disagree to the House amendment 3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment 42 4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment 5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment They take precedence in the above order RECONSIDERATION Rule 92 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any Senator to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter has been previously reconsidered provided such Senator shall notify the Senate of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed Rule 93 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made Rule 94 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once Rule 95 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the time for unanimous consents on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Provided a motion to reconsider the action of the Senate ordering immediate transmission of any bill or resolution to the House shall be made and disposed of before the transaction of other business Rule 96 The action of the Senate upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates Rule 97 All bills reconsidered shall take their Motion to reconsider Shall not he withdrawn when When there may be one reconsideration When in order Amendments when reconsidered Place on calendar 43 Morning rollcall dispensed with by majority vote Names of absentees noted Sergeantatarms Power to compel attendance Call how ordered Subsequent proceedings X place at the foot of calendar of bills then in order for a third reading ABSENTEES Rule 98 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the Senate shall not be dispensed with except by a majority vote of the Senators present Rule 99 Upon the call of the Senators ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Secretary and shall appear upon the Journal COMPELLING ATTENDANCE Rule 100 The power to compel the attendance of Senators in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the President and to this end he may have the doors of the Senate closed When the doors are so closed no Senator shall be allowed to retire from the Senate without first obtaining leave from the Senate The Messenger of the Senate shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the Senate and on order of the President may arrest any absentees and bring them before the Senate when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid CALL OF THE SENATE Rule 101 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present or when the President shall officially state the fact to the Senate it shall be in order for any Senator to make a motion for a call of the Senate and when this motion is made the President shall state the question as follows hall the motion for the call of the Senate prevail and if five of the Senators present shall vote in the affirmative the President shall order the Secretary to call the roll of Senators and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the Senators present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the Senate shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged MISCELLANEOUS RULES Rule 102 When a message is sent to the Senate it shall be announced at the door of the Senate by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent Rule 103 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce vote is being taken A message shall be presented to the Senate by the President when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business on which the Senate is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the Senate Rule 104 After a motion is stated by the President or read by the Secretary it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Senate but may be withdrawn at any time before decision by consent of the Senate Rule 105 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the peti Messages Messages when received and considered Motions Petitions memoris etc No debate Motions not privileged Record Not neceS sary to second motion Committees how and when enlarged Privileges of the floor tioner meomrilist or remonstrant whieh shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading Rule 106 Any motion to suspend the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate Rule 107 Any motion not privileged containing new matter shall lie at least one day on the table Rule 108 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Secretary shali also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting Rule 109 Where a motion is made by any Senator it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the Senate Rule 110 After the announcement of the standing committees no other Senators shall be placed thereon unless it be at the request of a majority of the committee to be added thereto except when Senators have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the President may assign said Senators to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships Rule 111 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the Senate except the Senators and officers of the Senate tfye officers and members of the House the President of the United States and Cabinet members the Governor of the State and the heads of the offices of the Executive Department exGovernors Judges of the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals in actual commission expresiding officers of the Senate and House members of Congress from Georgia Governors and members of the 46 Legislature of any State of tlie United States members of the press actually reporting legislative proceedings and such others as the Senate may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor but the privilege of the foor shall be extended to no person for a period longer than two days and not more than twice during any session Rule 112 It shall be the duty of the committee on Duty of y i Committee Journals to read the Journal of each day s proceed Gn journals ings and report to the Senate that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Secretary Rule 113 The hours of the morning sessions of Adjournthe Senate shall be from 10 oclock A M to one oclock Pi M when the Senate shall stand adjourned until tenfOclock A M of the next succeeding day Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the Senate Rule 114 A motion for the call of the yeas and yeas and nays shall be decided without debate debatable Rule 115 All writs warrants subpoenas issued signature of bv order of the Senate shall be signed by the Pres and sec rtftTy ident and attested by the Secretary Rule 116 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the Senate while in ses Messenger sion to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the President and to execute the demands of the Senate from time to timetogether with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the President Messen J o gers duty n Rule 117 The Messenger under the direction of distributing the Secretary shall superintend the distribution by etc 47 Interlineation forbidden Pairing Committee of Conference Amend ments Free debate the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members be shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them Rule 118 No committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendments recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendments relate Rule 119 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting Rule 120 Whenever any Senator moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the President shall appoint a committee on the part of the Senate and in such case the committee shall consist only of such Senators as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the Senate and if by inadvertence any Senator he nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the Senate and be excused by the President Rue 121 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the Senate it may he amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the Senate but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment Rule 122 No Senator shall after debating any question and before yielding the floor be allowed to submit any motion the effect of which shall be to prevent further debate 48 Rule 123 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under Motion color of amendment If a motion be made to strike out a part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend the part proposed to be stricken out shall be first in order Rule 124 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make Majority I and minor a report m writing setting forth succinctly the rea ty reports sons for their dissent Rule 125 Every motion for information from the Executive or other Departments shall lie on the tonltion table one day unless referred to a committee by vote table of the Senate Rule 126 On the call of the yeas and nays the changing Secretary shall read the names of the Senators after votes they have been called and no Senator shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question Rule 127 Questions of privilege shall be first Questions or those affecting the rights of the Senate collectively prlvilegeits safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of Senators individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions Provided that when any matter is pending before the Senate no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question is disposed of Rule 128 In all elections a majority of the Sen Election ators present shall be necessary to a choice 49 Appropriating money yeas and nays called and recorded Must originate in House Representatves Amendment to Constitution entered in full in journals Caption or title only to be read in local bills Secretary to take oath and give bond Oath of enrolling and engrossing Clerks Rule 129 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays are called and recorded All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money must originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills Rule 130 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal and when any amendment to the Constitution shall be agreed to by a twothirds vote of members elected such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on the Journal in full with the yeas and nays taken thereon Rule 131 The first and second reading of local bills shall consist of the reading of the titles only unless said bill js ordered engrossed Rule 132 The Secretary aijd Assistant Secretary shall before entering on their duties as such take an oath before their presiding officer to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge and the Secretary shall enter into bond in the sum of 5000 conditioned for faithful discharge of his duties Said bond to be approved by President of Senate Rule 133 All engrossing and enrolling clerks before entering upon the discharge of their respective duties shall take an oath before the President of Senate to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge of which a minute shall be made and entered on the Journals and no journalizing recording enrolling or en grossing clerk shall beappointed by the Secretary of Senate until such clerk has been examined by the Enrolling Committee and certified to be competent and well qualified for the discharge of the duties required of him and shall be removed at any time upon recommendation of the Enrolling Committee Must be examined by enrolling committee and be recommended by it as competent Rule 134 When there is a meeting of both branches of the General Assembly in joint session the Secretary shall enter in the journal of the Senate the proceedings of the same Secretary must enter on journals proceedings of joint sessions COMMITTEES Rule 135 The President shall appoint the following standing committees Committee on Academy for the Blind Committee on Agriculture Committee on Appropriations Committee on Auditing Committee on Banks Committee on Commerce and Labor Committee on Congressional and Legislative Re apportionment Committee on Constitutional Amendments Committee on Corporations Committee on Counties and County Matters Committee on Drainage Committee on Education and Public Schools Committee on Engrossing Committee on Enrollment Committee on Finance Committee on Game and Fish Committee on Hall and Rooms Committee on Hygiene and Sanitation Committee on Insurance 51 Committee on Internal Improvements Committee on Journals Committee on Judiciary No 1 for consideration of general bills Committee on Judiciary No 2 for consideration of general bills Committee on judiciary for consideration of special or local bills Committee on Manufactures Committee on Military Affairs Committee on Mines and Mining Committee on Penitentiary Committee on Pensions Committee on Privileges and Elections Committee on Privileges of the Floor Committee on Public Library Committee on Public Printing Committee on Public Property Committee on Public Roads Committee on Railrdads Committee on Rules of which the President shall be exofficio Chairman Committee on School for the Deaf Committee on State of the Republic Committee on State Sanitarium Committee on Temperance Committee on Tuberculosis Sanitarium Committee on Uniform Laws Committee on University of Georgia Committee on W A Railroad The Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Finance and the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Finance shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations 52 ORDER OF BUSINESS Rule 136 The following shall be the order of business 1 Prayer by the Chaplain 2 Call of the Roll 3 Report of Committee on Journals 4 Notices of motions to reconsider 5 Reading the Journal 6 Motions to reconsider 7 Confirmation of the Journal 8 Unanimous consents 9 Reports of Standing Committees 10 Reports of Select Committees 11 Messages from the Governor 12 Unfinished business 13 Special Orders and Orders of the Day 14 Messages from the House of Representatives J5 Introduction of bills etc the first time on Mondays Wednesdays and Thursdays 16 Reading House Bills etc the first time for reference 17 Reading bills etc second time favorably re ported from committees 18 Consideration of bills etc adversely reported on Tuesdays and Fridays 19 Reading for third time of bills etc ready for passage 20 Motions resolutions and petitions Rule 137 The report of the Committee on Rules shall be in order at any time and messages from the Governor or from the House of Representatives may be received under any order of business Rule 138 No change of or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addi 53 tion be submitted in writing and referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the Senate Rule 139 The rules of the Senate shall in no ease be suspended or changed of the order of business changed except by a twothirds vote a quorum of the Senate being present and voting Rule 140 The Auditing Committee before auditing the account of any Senator for expenses as a Commitfeeman or incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of the Senate shall require of him an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item whenever the same is practicable Rule 141 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies 54 RULES FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SENATE IN EXECUTIVE SESSION 1 When nominations shall be made by the Governor to the Senate a future day shall be assigned for their consideration unless the Senate directs otherwise 2 When acting on executive business the Senate shall be cleared of all persons except the Senators the Secretary and Assistant Secretary 3 All information or remarks touching or con cerning the character or qualifications of any person nominated by the Governor for office shall be kept secret 4 The Legislative and Executive proceedings of the Senate shall be kept in separate and distinct books 5 All nominations approved by the Senate or otherwise definitely acted on shall be transmitted by the Secretary to the Governor with the determination of the Senate thereon from day to day as such proceedings may occur but no further extract from the Executive Journal shall be furnished published or otherwise communicated during any session except by special order of the Senate and in transmitting the determination of the Senate thereon the Secretary shall in no instance furnish a list of the names of Senators voting in the affirmative or neyative but only the fact of confirmation or rejection and the numerical vote and the record of votes shall be sealed and transmitted to the Secretary of States office there to be placed on file 55 6 A majority of a quorum shall be necessary to confirm the nomination to any office made by the Governor and sent to the Senate for approval When nominations are made by the Governor for any office which require the assent and approval of the Senate in executive session after the Secretary shall read the name of the party nominated and the position to which he is appointed the President shall put to the Senate the following uttShall the nomination of the Governor be confirmed by the Senate Those who favor the confirmation will as your names are called vote Aye those opposed vote No After the roll is called the President will announce the result of the ballot and declare the result as follows It appears from the vote that a majority of the Senators have voted to confirm the appointment made by the Governor the same is hereby confirmed by the Senate or A majority of the Senators have voted against the confirmation of the nomination made by the Governor it is therefore rejected by the Senate 7 No Senator will be at liberty at any time or under any circumstances to expose or publish anything transpiring in executive session except only such matters as are required to be disclosed under the rules It is the intent and meaning of this rule that the business transacted in executive session shall be sacred and free from exposure to the outside world and that every Senator shall be on his honor concerning the same 56 RULES FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN ASSEMBLED IN JOINT SESSION 1 The time of the meeting of the two houses in joint session shall be determined by the concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law 2 The elections shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases provide and declare the result ident of the Senate shall in such cases preside and at the same time and a majority of the whole number of votes cast is necessary to a choice 4 The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet in joint session in the hall of the House of Representatives on the first Monday of every session at 10 oclock a m or at such time as may He fixed by joint resolution of both houses for the purpose of electing such officers of said State as are now or may hereafter be required to be elected by the General Assembly Said joint session shall continue in morning and afternoon sessions from day to day until all of said officers are elected 5 At the hour determined by the concurrent resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives 57 6 The President of the Senate shall preside hud announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening the same He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may be taken from any of his decisions to the whole General Assembly 7 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate 8 In aceouneing a candidate the mover shall not make any commendatory or other remarks 9 After a person is nominated for any office in joint session of the General Assembly it shall not be in order to second such nomination and when the nomination is declared closed the President shall forthwith order the rollcall and each member when called shall rise in his seat and respond promptly announcing ditinctly his choice for such office 10 In the elections by the General Assembly no member after having voted shall be allowed to change his vote unless he will rise and state in his place that he voted by mistake or that his vote has been recorded by mistake 11 No debate shall be in order except as to ques tions of order 12 No motion to adjourn shall be in order Iq lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in the form That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved or That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence of the former 13 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall always be in 58 order except that after the call of the roll has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate 14 When a motion to dissolve the joint session shall be decided in the negative the same shall not again be in order until other business shall have intervened 15 When a motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or to a fixed time shall be decided in the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber 16 The majority of each house shall be necessary fo constitute a quorum of the joint session 17 These rules may be amended by the concurrent resolution of the two houses and they or either of them shall cease to be in force when either house shall notify the other house of the withdrawal of its consent to the same 9 Officers and Members of the House of Representatives I OFFICERS of the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1919 and 1920 JNO N HOLDER of JacksonSpeaker J H MILNER of Dodge Speaker Pro Tem E B MOORE of DeKalbClerk xFRED T BRIDGES of LaurensReading Clerk M A NEVIN of FultonJournal Clerk W M REDMAN of ButtsCalendar Clerk Y H HAYNES of GordonMessenger W T MORRIS of TalbotIDoorkeeper Vice Homer Legg Resigned xViee A G Harris Jr Resigned Vice Jno W Bale Resigned MEMBERS OF THE House of Representatives of Georgia WITH COUNTY AND POSTOFFICE 19191920 NAMES OF COUNTIES ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED County Name Postoffice Appling J W Johnson Baxley Atkinson Ohas E StewartAxson Bacon A Minchew Alma Baker uD F WalkerElmodel Baldwin Kyle T AlfriendMilledgeville Banks O N HardenHomer BarrowG A JohnsWinder Bartow W D TrippeTaylorsville Bartow M L JohnsonCass Station Ben TTill A H ThurmondFitzgerald BerrienJ P KnightNashville Bibb R W BarnesMacon Bibb T J Cochran1Macon Bibb fHarry S StrozierMacon BleckleyJ S WynneChester Brooks Burton L Weston Quitman Brooks 1C H RamseyDixie Bryan P I RimesLanier Bulloch J E BrannenStilson Bulloch J W WilliamsStatesboro Burke G O BuxtonGirard Burke Jos Law Waynesboro ButtsJ T MooreJackson Calhoun W E HarvinDickey Camden Burwell AtkinsonWaverly Campbell R D TatumPalmetto Candler Chas Emory SmithMetter Carroll J T HixonVilla Rica 1 CarrollJ L SmithCarrollton CatoosaW C HullenderRinggold CharltonL KnabbMoniac ChathamuJ Hammond EveSavannah Vice J G McCall Resigned 65 Comity Chatham Chatham Chattahoochee Chattooga Cherokee Clarke Clarke Clay Clayton Clinch Cobb Cobb Coffee Colquitt Columbia Cook Coweta Coweta Crawford Crisp Dade Dawson Decatur Decatur DeKalb DeKalb Dodge Dooly Dougherty Douglas Early Echols Effingham Elbert Elbert Emanuel Emanuel Evans Fannin Fayette Floyd Floyd Floyd Forsyth Franklin Fulton Fulton Fulton Gilmer Glascock Names Postoffice Baiford Falligant Savannah Alex Lawrence Savannah E F Johnson Box Springs T J Anderson Holland Howell Brooke Canton L C Brown Athens Toombs DuBose Athens Zach Arnold Fort Gaines vJl 0 Blalock Jonesboro S Biirkhalter HomerviWe G M Dobbs Marietta G B Gann Marietta J W Quincey Douglas W A Covington Moultrie H D Bamsey Harlem H L Parrish Adel J T Kirby Newnan Jesse B Cole Haralson B L Dickey Musella B H Palmer Cordele W TV Tfltiim Trenton P T Dpncan Gainesville BFD 10 J W Callahan Bainbridge E H Griffin Bainbridge Paul L Lipdsay Tucker Carl N Guess Stone Mountain J H Milner Eastman W H Lasseter Vienna W H Burt Albany W B Willoughby Villa Bica C S Middleton Blakely W F Corbett Statenville J W Beiser Clyo EFD No 2 Z B Bogers Elberton Thos M Swift Sr Elberton 1 S Woods Swainsboro B Lewis Brinson Jr Stillmore B E DeLoaeh Claxton W W Woody Bliie Bidge J W Culpepper Fayetteville Jno Camp Davis Borne Harper Hamilton Borne B H Copeland Borne BFD No 3 C Mcpaniel Cumming Joe H Gunnells Commerce Walter C Hendrix Atlanta Tohn Y Smith Atlanta Virlyn B MoOre Atlanta S 6 Penisnd Ellijay Thos G Kent Mitchell Vice T J Worsham Deceased Vice Jno W Bale Besigned 66 County Names Postoffice Glynn B F Mann Brunswick T M Owen Calhoun EFD Grady Jeff A Pope Cairo Greene J Hart Sibley Union Point Gwinnett A T Green Lawrenceville Gwinnett G F Kelley Lawrenceville Habersham Jas H Grant JAlto Hall 1 F Duneau Flowery Branch Hall J E Plmour Gainesville Hancock Jno C Lewis Sparta Haralson Taylor Smith Bremen Harris 0 I Hudson Sr Hamilton Hart iJt S Mason Hartwell Heard J W Daniels Franklin Henry 1 W A Beliak Stockbridge Houston E N Holtzclaw Perrv Houston j C C Eichardson Byron Irwin r Wm A Tanker si ey Ocilla Jackson H P DeLaPerriere Hoschton Jackson J N Holder Jefferson Jasper Harvie Jordan Monticello Jeff Davis W L Stone Hazelhurst Jefferson Jas King Wrens Jenkins A S Anderson Millen Johnson u W D Sumner Spann Jones J B Jackson Gray Laurens W B Eogers Dublin Laurens L Q Stubbs Dublin Lee J D Clifton Leesburg Liberty J A Smiley Smiley Lincoln John M Bussey Lincolnton Lowndes 0 K Jones Valdosta Lowndes G A Whitaker Valdosta Lumpkin H Hyersi dzi Dahlonega McDuffie J Glenn Stovall Thomson McIntosh Jno D Clarke Darien Macon H N Gkllaher Montezuma Madison T J N B Thompson Comer Marion A S Boyett Buena Vista Meriwether JJAT D Jous Woodbury Meriwether W E Smith Manchester Miller Jno E Williams Colquitt Milton J H Manning Alpharetta Mitchell 0 B Bush Pelham Monroe E H Holmes Culloden Montgomery D 0 Calhoun Tarry town Morgan E E Lambert Madison Murray J J Bates Spring Placo Muscogee it Howell Hollis Columbus Muscogee r W C Neill i Columbus Muscogee Ed WohlwOnder Columbus Vice E W Moore deceased Vice J E Justiss Eesigned 67 I County Names Postoffice Newton E W AdamsMansfield Oconee Robt W HaynieBogart Oglethorpe P W Davis SrLexington PauldingB H GwenDallas PickensWill RichardsJasper Pierce S P Sweat Blaekshear Pike 1S S BarrettMeansville Polk W W Mundy Cedartown Pulaski JHoward E CoatesHawkinsville Putman J O WallEatonton Quitman R A LeeHatchers Rabun C E CannonClayton Randolph R L MoyeCuthbert RichmondE B RevilleBlythe RichmondW R McDonald Augusta Richmond Mose B PilcherAugusta Rockdale AArthur Whitaker 1 Conyers SchleyJ T Royal Ellaville Screven J C HollingworthSylvania Spalding1J P Nichols JrGriffin Stephens DeWitt OwenToceoa Stewart W S BoyettLumpkin Sumter Stephen PaceAmericus Sumter Ed Timmerman Plains Talbot A J Perryman JrTalbotton Taliaferro W W BirdCrawfordville Tattnall W H PurcellGlennville Taylor R A HintonReynolds Telfair Fred A SmithMcRae Terrell O G CranfordSasser Thomas W Irwin MacIntyreThomasville Thomas J M JonesBoston TiftL E BowenTifton Toombs GW LankfordLyons Towns T K JacksonYoung Harris Treutlen Geo M BarwickSoperton Troup Frank P LongleyLaGrange Troup Lee B WyattLaGrange Turner Lott Warren Sycamore Twiggs J D Shannon Jeffersonville Union J C DyerBlairsville UpsonB G McKenneyThe Rock Walker J R McFarlandRossville Walton E M WilliamsMonroe Walton Jno H AdamsSocial Circle WareW A SeamanIWaycross WareJ L Sweat Waycross WarrenR W WareWarrenton Washington W R HodgesSandersyille Washington T Jeff Swint Sandersville Wayne A J NicholsJesup Webster 11Geo S ReesPreston 68 County Names Postoffice Wheeler R F JordanGlenwood WhiteJ J KimseyRobertstown Whitfield N A BradfordDalton Wilcox Sam 1 B ReidRochelle Wilkes J T LindseyWashington Wilkes Boyee Ficklen SrWashington WilkinsonG H CarswellIrwinton Worth Green B WilliamsSylvester 69 X Standing Committees of the House of Representatives Standing Committees of the House of Representatives ACADEMY FOE THE BLIND MDonald Chairman Barrett Brooke Cannon Coates Duncan of Dawson Hullender Kimsey King Lee McKenney Mundy Nichols of Wayne AMENDMENTS TO Griffin Chairman Arnold Brooke Brown Carswell Coates Covington Davis of Floyd DuBose Harvin Hendrix Holtzclaw Jackson of Jones Cochran VChairman Perryman Eees Royal Stone Sumner Sweat of Pierce Tanker sley Ware Warren Woods Wyatt THE CONSTITUTION Lindsay of DeKalh VChairman Johns Johnson of Bartow Jordan of jasper Kelley Knight Lankford Lasseter Lawrence Lewis Moore of Butts Pace Palmour of Hall Smith of Haralson Stewart Strozier Stubbs Sweat of Pierce APPROPRIATIONS Carswell Chairman DuBose VChairman Alfriend Lawrence Anderson of Jenkins Lewis Brinson MacIntyre Burt McDonald Bussey Middleton Covington Moore of Butts Davis of Floyd Moore of Fulton Davis of Oglethorpe Y Pace De La Perriere Palmour of Hall Dickey Parrish Gann Perryman Griffin Reville Guess Richards Hamilton Richardson Hixon Rogers of Elbert Hodges Sibley Hollingsworth Stewart Hyers Stovall Johns Tatum of Campbell Johnson of Bartow Thompson Jones of Lowndes Trippe Kelley Weston Kirby Williams of Walton Law Williams of Worth Sweat of Ware Swint Weston Williams of Worth Wohlwender 74 AUDITING Reiser Chairman Duncan of Hall Bellah VChairman Brooke Richardson Bussey Sumner Cannon Walker Corbett Woods Reid BANKS AND BANKING isETER Chairman Callahan VChairman Barnes Jones of Lowndes Bird Jones of Thomas Bowen Lewis Carswell Manning Davis of Oglethorpe Milner f De La Perriere Nichols of Spalding Dickey Pace DuBose Parrish Ficklen Pope Gallaher Rogers of Laurens Hinton Smith of Jeriwether Holmes Sweat of Ware Hllender Thurmond CONSERVATION 5TKF0RD Chairman Guess7 VChairman Adams of Newton Gallaher Brooke Hollingsworth Burkhalter Hyers Buxton Jones of Thomas Cole Jordan of Jasper Dobbs Mason 75 Nichols of Wayne Swint Parrish Wall Purcell Warren Richards Woods Smith Wynne Stovall CORPORATIONS Hixon Chairman Timmerman VChairman Atkinson Barnes Boyett of Marion Bush Buxton DeLoach Dyer Hamilton Haynie Jackson of Towns Jordan of Wheeler Knabb McKenney McDaniel Owen of Gordon Ramsey of Columbia Rimes Shannon Smith of Candler Strozier Trippe Wynne t Kelley COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS Lindsay of DeKalb VChairman Tatum of Campbell Chairman Adams of WaltonAnderson of Chattooga Barwick Bellah Callahan De La Perriere Duncan of Hall Dupcan of Dawson Gunnells Harden Hendrix Holmes Hyers Lee Lindsey of Wilkes McFarland Moye Owen of Paulding Pilcher Rogers of Laurens Seaman Sweat of Pierce Swift 76 9 DRAINAGE Green Chairman Callahan Clarke Cochran DuBose Gunnells Hamilton Kent King McKenney Mann Manning Nichols of Spalding Gann VChairman Pilcher Purcell Rimes Seaman Smith of Carroll Stone Sweat of Ware Swift Thurmond Timmerman Williams of Waltoi EDUCATION Alfriend Chairman Brannen Brinson Corbett Culpepper Falligant Ficklen Hinton Hodges Johns Johnson of Bartow Kent Manning Haynie VChairman Mann Moore of Fulton Moye Nichols of Wayne Rees Reiser Rogers of Elbert Shannon Smith of Haralson Ware Williams of Miller Willoughby 77 I ENGROSSING Pope Chairman Adams of Walton Blalock Boyett of Marion Brannen Bush Corbett Dobbs Griffin Hyers Jackson of Towns Woody VChairman Jones of Meriwether Johnson of Chattahoochee Parrish Quincey Ramsey of Columbia Rogers of Laurens Smith of Candler Stovall Williams of Miller ENROLLMENT Hullender Chairman Clarke Copeland Dyer Green Guess Harvin Harden Hollingsworth J ohns Knight Owen of Paulding VChairman Lasseter Moye Pilcher Ramsey of Brooks Thurmond Trippe j Whitaker of Rockdale Williams of Worth EXCUSESOF MEMBERS Clarke Chairman Alfriend Brannen Hinton Jordan of Wheeler Jones of Lowndes King Middleton VChairman Kirby Moore of Butts Owen of Gordon Seaman Williams of Bulloch 78 GAME AND FISH Wyatt Chairman Atkinson Bird Brannen Brown Burkhalter Calhoun Clarke Eve Hudson Jones of Lowndes Johnson of Chattahoochee Falligant VChairman Kirby Kimsey Knabb Lee Mann Middleton Nichols of Wayne Palmer of Crisp Reiser Smiley Stone Williams of Walton GENERAL AGRICULTURE No 1 Johnson of Bartow Chairman Anderson of Chattooga Boyett of Stewart Bradford Brannen Bussey Clifton Copeland Corbett DeLoach Dickey DuBose Dyer Eve Guhnells Hodges Haevin VChairman Jackson of Towns Johnson of Chattahoochee Jordan of Wheeler Kent Lindsey of Wilkes McKenney Manning Moore of Fulton Nichols of Wayne Penland Purcell Ramsey of Columbia Reid Rimes Rogers of Laurens Seaman 79 I Sibley Whitaker of Rockdale Smiley Williams of Miller Tankersley Williams of Bulloch Tatum of Dade Willoughby Timmerman Woods Wall Wynne Walker GENERAL AGRICULTURE No 2 Jordan of Jasper Thompson VChairman Chairman Hllender Adams of Walton Johnson of Appling Arnold King Barrett Kirby Bar wick Knabb Bates Lambert Bellah Law Blalock McDaniel Boyett of Marion MacIntyre Brown Minchew Brooke Nichols of Spalding Burkhalter Owen of Gordon Buxton Pace Clarke Parrish Covington Ramsey of Brooks Cranford Reiser Duncan of Dawson Royal V Duncan of Hall ptewart De La Perriere Stone Grant Stubbs Green Sumner Griffin Swift Hinton Tatum of Campbell Hixon Trippe Wyatt Holmes Hudson 80 GENERAL JULICIARY No 1 Siith of Fulton Coates VChairman Chairman McDonald Arnold Moore of Butts Barnes Moye Corbett Owen of Stephens Covington Perryman Culpepper Pope Davis of Floyd Shannon Gann Smith of Candler Hollingsworth Smith of Carroll Holtzclaw Smith of Haralson Johns Stubbs Kelley Sweat of Ware Knight Swint Lambert Ware Lasseter Weston Lawrence Williams of Miller Lewis Wohlwender Lindsay of DeKalb Wyatt GENERAL JUDICIARY No 2 Pace Chairman Mundy VChairman Anderson of Jenkins Hendrix Brooke Hollis Burt Jackson of Jones Burkhalter Lankford Carswell Law Cochran Lindsey of Wilkes Davis of Oglethorpe Longley Dobbs MacIntyre Falligant Mason Guess Milner Harden S 81 Moore of Fulton Neill Quincey Ramsey of Brooks Richardson Rogers of Elbert Seaman Smith of Meriwether Stovall Strozier Whitaker of Lowndes Woody GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF Bbinson Chairman Adams ofWalton Anderson of Chattooga Anderson of Jenkins Atkinson Bates Bowen Dyer Guess Grant Hodges Holmes Copeland VChairman Jackson of Towns Jones of Thomas Jordan of Wheeler McDaniel McFarland Owen of Paulding Ramsey of Brooks Reid Smith of Carroll Stubbs Swint GEORGIA STATE SANITARIUM Rogebs of Elbert Chairman Adams of Newton Alfriend Atkinson Barwick Boyett of Marion Bush Buxton Cranford Daniels Duncan of Hall Gunnells Harden Holtzclaw i Johnson of Appling Manning Owen of Gordon Pilcher Smith of Telfair Sweat of Pierce Swift Wail Warren Woody HALLS AND ROOMS Johnson of Appling Boyett of Stewart Chairman VChairman Adams of Walton Reville Alfriend Royal Blalock Stone Jackson of Jones Sumner Johns Walker Kent Wall Law Wynne Ramsey of Brooks HYGIENE AND SANITATION Bush Chairman Harden VChairman Arnold Jordan of Jasper Atkinson McDaniel Barrett Middleton Barwick Moye Bowen Nichols of Wayne Boyett of Marion Perryman Bussey Pope Corbett Ramsey of Brooks Cranford Reville Daniels Sumner Gallaher Jackson of Jones Williams of Bulloch INSURANCE Law Chairman Richardson VChairman Arnold Gunnells Bowen Hodges Daniels Hullender Ficklen Jones of Thomas Gallaher Jordan of Wheeler 83 Knight Lindsay of DeKalb Lindsey of Wilkes Milner Neill Nichols of Wayne Palmer of Crisp Parrish Rogers of Elbert Sibley Smith of Meriwether Tatum of Dade Thompson INVALID PENSIONS AND SOLDIERS HOME Bradford Chairman Sweat of Ware Anderson of VChairman Chattooga Jones of Lowndes Boyett of Stewart Knabb Buxton McDaniel Calhoun Owen of Gordon Cannon Pope Corbett Reid Culpepper Sumner Picklen Swint Grant Wyatt Hudson Wynne JOURNALS Ficklen Chairman Burkhalter Hllender Johns Johnson of Chattahoochee Kent Knabb Woods VChairman Knight Longley Tatum of Dade Thompson Whitaker of Lowndes Wynne T A RPR AND LABOR STATISTICS Stewart Chairman Bellah VChaiiTnan Arnold of Clay Middleton Brown Palmour of Hall Bush Perryman Eve Pope Falligant Purcell Griffin of Decatur Ramsey of Brooks Hendrix Ramsey of Columbia Kelley Smith of Haralson Knight Strozier Lindsay of DeKalb Wohlwender McDonald Woods LEGISLATIVE AND CONGRESSIONAL REAPPORTIONMENT Brown op dark Dickey VChairman Chairman Mundy Clarke Royal Hixon Smith of Telfair Hodges Stewart Kelley Tatum of Campbell Longley MANUFACTURES Eye Chairman Hendrix VChairman Bates Lankford Bird McDonald Blalock Rimes Coates Stone Cole Swift Green Williams of Walton Kimsey Williams of Worth Knabb Willoughby 85 L MILITARY AFFAIRS Anderson of Jenkins Chairman Boyett of Stewart Cannon Eve Falligant Ficklen Jackson of Jones Jordan Lankford Moye Neill Owen of Stephens Barnes VChairman Palmer of Crisp Palmonr of Hall Purcell Rogers of Laurens Sibley Smiley Smith of Carroll Stubbs Sweat of Ware Timmerman Whitaker of Rockdale MINES AND MINING Kimsey Chairman Bates Cannon Cole Duncan of Dawson Dyer Gann Grant Guess Hyers VChairman Jackson qf Towns McFarland Owen of Stephens Palmour of Hall Richards Tankersley Woody MUNICIPAL Jackson of Jones Chairman Adams of Newton Bowen Bqyett of Stewart Burt Duncan of Hall Eve GOVERNMENT Strozier VChairman Holtzclaw Jones of Thomas Johnson of Chattahoochee King Lambert Longley 86 I Mann Quincey Moore of Fulton Reville Nichols 6 Spalding Smith of Meriwether Owen of Stphens Thurmond Palmer of Crisp Ware Pilcher Wyatt PENITENTIARY Knight Chairman Perryman VChairman Alfriend Kent Anderson of Kimsey Chattooga Knabb Bird Lindsey of Wilkes Blalpck McDaniel Boyett of Marion McFarland Bradford Manning Bush Middleton Cannon Minchew Clifton Nichols of Spalding Copeland Owen of Gordon Cranford Owen of Paulding Daniels Parrish Davis of Floyd Penland Duncan of Dawson Pilcher Dyer Purcell Gann Ramsey of Columbia Grant Reid Guess Richards Harden Rimes Harvin Smiley Hixon Smith of Telfair Hodges Sweat of Pierce Jacksn of Towns Tankersley Jones of Meriwether Trippe Johnson of Appling Wall 87 Walker Williams of Walton Ware Williams of Worth Warren Wohlwender Whitaker of Rockdale Woods Williams of Miller Woody PENSIONS Swint Chairman Bxjxton VChairman Anderson of Jenkins Rees Bates Reiser Boyett of Stewart Royal Bradford Smiley Burt Swift Cannon Tankersley Gallaher Ware Harvin Warren Hollis Weston Hudson Willoughby Jackson of Towns Woody Jordan of Wheeler PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS Kelley Chairman Hinton VChairman Anderson of Knight Chattooga Mann Atkinson Manning Barrett Milner Carswell Mundy Cole Neill Culpepper Penland Eve Smith of Fulton Harden Smith of Haralson Haynie Walker Jordan of Jasper Williams of Worth King Wohlwender 88 PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR Smith of Telfair Chairman Bellah Calhoun Cochran Dickey Johnson of Bartow Kent Gunnells VChairman Minchew Neill Palmer of Crisp Reid Smiley Tankersley Whitaker of Lowndes PUBLIC HIGHWAYS DuBose Chairman Brown Covington De La Perriere Duncan of Hall Eve Gunnells Hendrix Klmsey Lambert Law Lewis Lindsey of Wilkes McFarland Mann Burt ViChairman Milner Mundy Neill Pace Richards Richardson Rogers of Laurens Sibley Thompson Whitaker of Lowndes Williams of Walton Willoughby Thompson PUBLIC LIBRARY Sibley Chairman Adams of Walton Corbett DeLoach Falligant Cannon VChairman Gahn Harvm Hinton Jackson of Jones 89 Mundy Smiley r Penland Tatum of Campbell i Quincey Willoughby Reiser PUBLIC PRINTING Griffin Chairman Trippe yChaiVman flarnes McFarland Barwick Perryman Brinson Pope Clifton Richards Duncan of Hall Shannon Eve Smith of Meriwether Falligant Stone Hollis Swint Knight Tankersley Lambert Thompson PUBLIC PROPERTY Palmour of Hall Clifton VChairman Chairman Longley Brinson McDonald Carswell Milner Culpepper Mundy Green Neill Gunnells7 Rogers of Elbert Hendrix Smith of Telfair Hixon Strozier Johnson of Timmerman Chattahoochee Warren Lambert 90 BAILED ADS Qtjincey Chairman Barwick Bussey Callahan Cannon DeLoach Dickey Gallaher Johnson of Appling Lawrence Lee r1 Milner Palmour of Hall Longley VChairman Pilcher Purcell Bees Seville Boyal Smith of Fulton Smith of Telfair Tatum of Dade Thurmond Williams of Bulloch Wohlwender Woody BEFOBMATOBIES Shannon Chairman Burkhalter Bussey Clifton Cochran Davis of Floyd Guess Haynie Hyers Jackson of Towns Lee McFarland VChairman Mann Middleton Moore of Fulton Bogers of Elbert Boyal Smith of Candler Tatum of Campbell Tatum of Dade Thurmond Speaker Chairman Slate at Large Arnold r Covington HixoU Holtzclaw BULES 7 Neill VChairman Jackson of Jones Knight Lawrence Lankford MacIntyre 91 Sweat of Ware Anderson of Jenkins First District Griffin Second District Pace Third District Wohlwender Fourth District Smith of Fulton Fifth District Dickey Sixth District Johnson of Bartow Seventh District DuBose Eighth District Kelley Ninth District Carswell Tenth District Stewart Eleventh District Stubbs Twelfth District SANITARIUM AT ALTO Kirby Chairman Blalock Boyett of Marion Bradford Calhoun DeLoach Duncan of Dawson Dyer Grant Hollingsworth Jones of Lowndes VChairman Holmes Jones of Thomas Kimsey Nichols of Spalding Penland Sweat of Pierce Thompson SPECIAL JUDICIARY Stovall Chairman Burkhalter Burt Dobbs Hamilton Hollis Jones of Meriwether Lambert Mason Moore of Butts Brooke VChairman Shannon Smith of Candler Smith of Carroll Smith of Haralson Stewart Ware Whitaker of Lowndes Williams of Miller Wyatt STATE OF REPUBLIC Lawrence Chairman Adams of Newton Calhoun Carswell DeLoach Harvin Hollis Holmes Hudson Jones of Meriwether Lankford Lee Davis of Oglethorpe VChairman McKenney Moye Owen of Stephens Penland Quincey Reville Smith of Haralson s Thurmond Weston TEMPERANCE Covington Chairman Bellah Cole Davis of Oglethorpe Duncan of Hall Gunnells Hamilton Haynie Hinton Hodges Jones of Meriwether Jordan of Jasper Lasseter Barrett VChairman Lindsay of DeKalb Mann Owen of Stephens Sibley j Smith of Fulton Stovall Sweat of Pierce Sweat of Ware Timmerman Weston Willoughby UNIFORM LAWS Hollingsworth Chairman Bird Bowen Boyett of Stewart Hodges VChairman Calhoun Cranford Dobbs Hinton 93 Holtzclaw Johnson of Appling MacIntyre McKenney Minchew Seaman Stewart Strozier Walker Williams of Bulloch Alfriend Brinson Brooke Bush Burt Coates Cochran Davis of Floyd Davis of Oglethorpe De La Pendere Dickey Hixon Kirby Law Moore of Butts Nichols of Spalding Pace MacIntyre Richardson Rogers of Elbert Smith of Candler Smith of Fulton Smith of Telfair Tatum of Campbell UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA AND BRANCHES Stubbs Chairman Brown VChairman WAYS AND MEANS Arnold Chairman Adams of Neton Adams of Walton Alfriend Atkinson Barnes Barrett Bird Blalock Bowen BroWh Bush Calhoun Callahan Swift VChairman Clarke Cole Copeland Cranford Daniels Fickleh Gallaher Hendrix Hollis Holtzclaw Jones of Meriwether Jordan of Jaeger 94 Kirby Palmer of Crisp Lasseter Pilcher Lewis Ramsey or Columbia Lindsay of DeKalb Royhl Longley Sibley Mason Smith of Telfair Milner Ware Mundy Whitaker of Rockdale Nichols of Wayne Owen of Paulding Williams of Bulloch WESTERN ATLANTIC RAILROAD MacIntyre Chairman Hamilton VChairman Bates Jones of Thomas Bradford Knabb Brannen Lambert Bussey McFarland Clarke Mason Clifton Owen of Paulding Culpepper Purcell Davis of Floyd Shannon Dobbs Smiley Greene Smith of Carroll Haynie Smith of Haralson Hllender Sweat of Ware Johnson of Appling Johnson of Bartow Tatum of Dade 95 j Standing Rules of the House of Representatives 6 THE SPEAKER Rule 1 The Speaker shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful Rule 2 In all cases of election by the House the Speaker shall vote In other cqses he shall not vote unless the House be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the Speaker shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any other member Rule 3 When two or more members shall rise at the same time the Speaker shall name the person entitled to prbceed Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the Speaker unless otherwise ordered by the House Rule 5 The method of stating a question or any motion by the Speaker after the same has been read to the House by the Clerk shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the Speaker or a division of the House is called for by any one member of the House the Speaker shall call upon the members in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the clerk he shall call upon the members to reverse their positions and the Speaker shall announce the result Piscretion f Speaker When Speaker shall vote Right of member to the floor to be decided by the Speaker Appointment of Committees Methods of stating a question by Speaker 99 Speaker may name members to preside Duty of Clerk when Speaker is absent Appeals from ruling of the Speaker When no debate on appeals Appeals to be made at once Rule 6 The Speaker may during a das sitting name any member to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the Speaker shall be absent the Speaker pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Clerk of the House shall call the House to order and shall preside until a Speaker pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the House The Speaker pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease Rule 8 Should any member of the House be dissatisfied with the ruling of the Speaker on any point he shall rise and respectfully address the Speaker and say I appeal from the decision of the Chair The Speaker will then state to the Hohse the point ruled on and his decision on it and shall then put the question of appeal to the House as follows AIL in favor of the decision of the Chair standing as the sense of this House will say Aye Those opposed will say No and the decision of the House in sustaining or overruling the Speaker shall be final Rule 9 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate Rule 10 All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made Rule 11 Where debate is permissible on appeals en mem from the decision of the Chair any member after brp aaaress tnc being recognized by the Speaker may address his House remarks directly to the House Rule 12 The Speaker shall have power to sus7 Power of pend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for miscon suspend to duct or neglect of duty and when such suspension officers has been made he shall report the same to the House within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the House may see fit to take in the premises Rule 13 The Speaker shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the House cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturb Speaker ance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause Queries any person or persons so offending to be arrested cie2redbieS and brought before the bar of the House to be dealt ydth for contempt of the House Rule 14 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the House the ingrum Speaker may order the bar of the House to be speaker closed and the roll of members called by the Clerk and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the House and if any member present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the House Rule 15 The Speaker may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by shaker yeas and nays where a division of the House dis te taken closes the fact that a quorum of the House has not anntys voted 101 Decision on questions of priority Conduct of members in debate Time extended how Expulsion Exception to words spoken Proviso Rule 16 All questions as to the priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the Speaker without debate ON DECORUM AND DEBATE Rule 17 When any member is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the House he shall rise and respectfully address himself to Mr Speaker He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken No member of the House shall occupy the floor longer than one 1 hour in debating any question unless otherwise ordered by the House and any motion to extend such members time shall be decided without debate If any member in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the Housethe Speaker shall call him to order in which case the member so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The House shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the House be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars1 and continuing refractory may be expelled from the House by a twothirds vote of the members which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays and recorded on the Journal of the House Rule 18 If any member be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Clerk and read then admitted denied or explained by the member who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the House ltf may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the House is acting under the previous question such question Of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been exhausted or until such further time as may then be ordered by the House But no member shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the House for words spoken in debate if any other member has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken Rule 19 Hie members of the House shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence un Silence til a speaking member shall have taken his seat Rule 20 The members shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice Mo f of their observations but may designate them by mefrsns the place in which they may be or the county they represent Rule 21 No member shall address the House except as heretofore stated in case of appeals or interrogate a member who is speaking except through the Speaker and should the member speaking decline to be interrupted the Speaker shall eause the member desiring to interrogate to be silent V House how addressed Questions and interruptions Rule 22 No member shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is immediately and prtieu ShalI larly interested In every ease where the seat of a member is being contested the sitting member and in resultthe contestant shall both retire from the House before the vote is taken 1 j g gg I 103 Protests Smoking and conversation prohibited Duty while member is speaking and at adjournment Matters transpiring in Senate Committees and private conversation not to be referred to Laudatory and disparaging re marks when forbidden Applause and hisses forbiddn No debate during yeas and nays Rule 23 Any member may enter a protest in writing against the action of the House said protest jshall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the House nor any member thereof and such protest shall be entered by the Clerk upon the Journal of the House Rule 24 No member shall smoke in the House nor shall he converse with any one over the bar thereof Rule 25 No member shall be permitted to enter upon the floor of the House or remain thereon in an intoxicated condition and the Messenger and the Doorkeepers of the House are specially charged with the rigid enforcement of this rule Rule 26 No member shall pass between the Chair and a member while he is speaking norshall any member at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the Speaker retires Rule 27 No member shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another member or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the Senate Rule 28 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged Rule 29 Applause or hisses in the Representative chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed Rule 30 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had 104 Rule 31 No member can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the House he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the Speaker Rule 32 On all questions except such as are not debatable any member on the call of the ayes and nays shall as a matter of right be allowed three minutes in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no member shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent of the House No motion shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a members time for explaining Rule 33 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any member it shall be determined by a vote of the House and this motion shall be decided without debate Rule 34 Every member within the hall when a question is put shall vote unless he is immediately and particularly interested therein or the House shall excuse him A motion to excuse a member from voting must be made before the House divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the member making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail Rule 35 No member shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then make any motion the effect of which is to cut off debate without relinquishing the floor Only one motion can be made at a time Explanation Reading of papers When members shall vote Motion to excuse when made Excuses from voting 106 Call for a division Division how made Qualifying paragraph exception and provision Strike out and insert not divisible Call of counties Bills and resolution called in order Proviso DIVISIN OP A QUESTION Buie 36 Any member may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it Rule 37 The member calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by themselves and be consistent and entire Rule 38 A qualifying paragraph an exception or a proviso if taken from that to which it belongs would not contain a distinct or entire proposition Rule 39 A motion to strike out and insert is an indivisible proposition BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Rule 40 The Clerk shall on Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call the counties for the introduction of new matter beginning alternately at the first and last of the alphabet Provided that no member shall introduce more than one bill of a general nature on any day except companion bills Rule 41 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Clerk shall distinctly state its number and the name of the member by whom introduced provided that House and Senate bills and resolu tions adversely reported shall not be taken up for a second reading except by request of the authors of such bill or resolution or some member of the House provided that the General TaxBill and the 106 General Appropriation Bill shall take precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said Bills shall have been finally disposed of Rule 42 Every motion to suspend the rules for the purpose of taking up bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion to make special orders shall except by the unanimous consent of the House be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the House i v Rule 43 The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter nor to read any bill or resolution the second time or any local bill or resolution a third time or to put any local bill or resolution upon its passage or to make special orders for any bill or resolution or to recommit a bill or resolution or to withdraw from one committee and recommit to another a bill or resolution except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal or after the reading of the Journal has been dispensed with The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to put any general bill or resolution upon its passage or to read such bill or resolution seeonct time and recommit The Speaker shall entertai nbut one unanimous consent at any one time Rule 44 The rules of this House known as Constitutional rules shall in no ease be suspended all other rules shall in no case be suspended nor changed nor the order of business be changed ex Effect of unanimous consent Suspension of rules 107 No debate Bills etc when introduced No debate on first reading cept by a vote of threefourths of the members voting Provided however that in order to so change or suspend the rules or change the order of business said twothirds so voting in favor of said change or suspension shall constitute a majority of the members of the whole House Rule 45 No change or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition be first referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the House Provided however that immediately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day following the introduction in the House of the proposed change or addition to these rules the Committee on Rules shall report the same back to the House A failure to so report such proposed change or addition to these rules for two days shall automatically bring said proposed change or addition before the House for consideration Rule 46 Any motion to suspend rules or change the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debater Rule 47 It shall be in order to introduce bills or other matter upon the call of the counties without any previous notice having been given for that purpose Rule 48 No debate shall be admitted upon any Bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any Bill or Resolution or other matter requiring reference to a Committee the Speaker shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the House In case of Engrossment of any Bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Clerk 108 and the Bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed In cases where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill shall be lose If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Any bill may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the House Rule 49 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the Senate on the day of the passage thereof unless twothirds of the members present shall so order Rule 50 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the House by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the House agreeing thereto Rule 51 All proceedings touching the appropriating of money shall be considered in the Committee of the Whole House Rule 52 All bills and resolutions shall be in writing and shall have the name of the member introducing the same as wejl as the county he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same Rule 53 Where a bill or resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or 109 A Effect of favorable report of committee Adverse report of committee Bills when withdrawn Transmission to Senate by majority vote Bills when printed Committee of the Whole House See Rule 107 et al ills and Resolutions to be in writing How indorsed Reports of committees order of action Order of precedence Not debatable when may be renewed has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the House and in all cases the report of the Committee of the Whole House shall be first acted on by the House Rule 54 The Committee on Rules during the last seven days of each session shall arrange and fix a calendar for each days business and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing Special Order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order fixed by such calendar except by a twothirds vote of the House PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS Rule 55 When any subject is before the House for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit 1st Motion to adjourn 2d A motion to lay on table 3d A motion for the previous question 4th A motion to adjourn to a time definite 5th A motion to postpone indefinitely 6th A motion to postpone to a day certain 7th A motion to commit 8th A motion to amend Which said motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand aS above arranged MOTION TO ADJOURN Rule 56 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the House A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended 110 Rule 57 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the House is not actually engaged in other business is debatable Rule 58 The motion to adjourn can he made at any time when the member moving it can legitimately obtain the floor Rule 59 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Clerk has called thefirst name of the yeas andnays and a vote of one mepber has been given or after h division of the House has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced but in such cases the rollcall shall be completed the vot ecounted and the result finally announced before a motion to adjourn shall be in order Rule 60 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the House to the next sitting day or time in course Rule 61 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the House is being taken by yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the House is acting on the main question after the main question has been ordered and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the House shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution When made debatable When not in order Effect of adjournment Hour of adjournment What business postpone Ill Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table How matters may be taken from table Effect of vote to table Effect of vote to take from table No motion to table in order until rollcall ib competed When renewed MOTIONS TO LAY ON TABLE Rule 62 No motion to lay an amendment or sub stitute on the table shall be in order Rule 63 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the House is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken up the same is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar Rule 64 If the motion to lay on the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the House the measure together with all the motions attached to it at the time it is so disposed of Rule 65 When the proposition is again taken from the table it stands before the House in the exact form with all the motions pertaining to it just as it did at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed Rule 66 After a yea and nay vote is called on any bill or resolutionthe House not acting at the time under the previous questionand one vote has been recorded no motion to table shall be in order until the rollcall shall have been completed When any bill or resolution is tabled after the completion of the rollcall and then taken from the table nothing can be done except to announce the result of said vote as shown by said rollcall at the time said bill or resolution was tabled Rule 67 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes 112 Rule 68 Neither the motion to lay on the table not the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable Rule 69 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again Rule 70 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted on the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION Rule 71 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except a motion to adjourn or to lay on the table but neither of said motions shall be made but once until after the pre vious question has been exhausted and when it is moved the question shall be Shall the motioin for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority of a quorum in the affirmative and the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum all other motions except one to reconsider the action in ordering the main question will be out of order and the House cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives Rule 72 When the previous question has been ordered the House shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed Not debatable or amendable What can be tabled When iri order Effect of previous question Twenty minutes debate allowed 113 Vote how taken Effect of main question bieng ordered Contested Election C 7 I to the committee whoe report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate Where the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such members as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule This rule shall not be construed to allow the twenty minutes above referred to to be used but once on any bill or measure and then on the final passage of the bill or measure Rule 73 After the main question is ordered any member may call for a division of the House in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays if the call for the yeas and nays is sustained by onefifth of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the yeas and nays and so entered on the Journal Rule 74 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the House to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved Rule 75 In all eases where a minority report has been submitted on any question if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report 114 Rule 76 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection Rule 77 A call of the House shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the Speaker that a quorum is not present Rule 78 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE Rule 79 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session Rule 80 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it f cannot be amended Rule 81 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order readihg of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule Rule 82 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has been voted down How called and ordered Call of the House when in order Questions of order Effect Not amendable When cannot be applied Not renewed 115 Effect of negative vote May be amended To a day beyond the session Debate when and how allowed Motion how applied MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN Rule 83 The motion to postpone a bill resolution or other measure to a day certain when decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum removes the subject from before the House until the time designated and makes it a privileged question for that day so selected Rule 84 If the motion to postpone bill a resolution or other measure is decided in the negative it leaves the question before the House as it was before the motion was made and it cannot be moved a second time on same day or at the same stage of the proceeding Rule85 This motion to postpone to a day certain may be amended by substituting one day for another In this case the time would be treated as a blank and the Speaker should treat these propositions as he would those to fill blanks f Rule 86 If a day designated is known to be be vond the session the Speaker shall treat the motion as though it had beeii a motion to indefinitely postpone the subject Rule 87 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another It shall be the duty of the Speaker fo hold members rigidly to these points Rule 88 This motion cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but must be applied to the whole bill resolution or other measure before 116 the House and when it prevails it carries forward the whole proposition and its appendages to the day named MOTIONS TO COMMIT Rule 89 Motions to commit may be made to refer 4 a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee or committee of the whole House Rule 90 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on but where a motion is made that a bill resolution or other measure be committed to the committee of the whole House this motion shall be put before either of the above named motions Rule 91 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated Rule 92 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the member making the motion Rule 93 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum MOTIONS TO AMEND Rule 94 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit 1st By inserting or adding words 2d By striking out words 3d By striking out and inserting words Motion to commit Precedence of When debatable How amended Motion to recommit Amendments how made 117 Substitute Bill first perfected then the substitute When too late to amend r Must be in writing Priority An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment Rule 95 A substitute is simply an amendment it is in effect a motion to strike out all after the enacting clause of a bill or the woird Resolved in a resolution and insert that offered as a substitute Rule 96 When a bill or resolution is before the House for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the House to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute I Rule 97 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the House unless said action of the House in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered Rule 98 All motions to amend any matter before the House must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added Rule 99 On all questions whether in committee or in the House the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put 118 V Eule 100 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made Blanksto amend Eule 101 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected Eule 102 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and Amending the House shall agree to a motion to consider the by sectlonssame by sections or paragraphs the Clerk in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Clerk without any motion being made in the House and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur and amend it Eule 103 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment Caption when amended Eule 104 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Clerk shall read the ments by paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out antuiJ out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if sertmgamended Eule 105 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a part of a bill or resolution any amend lendment ment offered to perfect the part proposed to be to Perfectstricken shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out 119 Amending Senate amend ments See Rule 136 Priority Priority of questions on Senate amendments Motion to reconsider Rule 106 When any bill or resolution which originated in the House has been amended in the Senate and is before the House for action on the Senate amendment an amendment may be offered inthe House to the Senate amendment but the House amendment to the Senate amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down Rule 107 A motion to amend an amendment made by the Senate to the House bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment Rule 108 The questions which arise before the House respecting amendments by the Senate to a House bill or resolution are 1st Amotion to agree to the Senate amendment 2d A motion to disagree to the Senate amendment 3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment 4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment 5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment They take precedence in the above order RECONSIDERATION Rule 109 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any member whether said member previously voted in the affirmative or negative on the matter sought to be reconsidered to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter as has been previously reconsidered provided such member shall notify the House of his intention to move 120 such reconsideratioin at any time before the Journal is confirmed Provided further that the action of the House on Senate amendments shall be in order for reconsideration immediately and not otherwise Rule 110 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made Rule 111 No matter shall be reconsidered more than oncet Rule 112 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the order of unanimous consent on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Rule 113 The action of the House upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates Rule 134 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading COMMITTEE ON THE WHOLE HOUSE Rule 115 The Speaker may resolve the House into a Committee of the Whole without a motion being made therefor whenever a bill or resolution shall be in order for consideration on its third reading before the House which is required by the rules of this House to be considered in the Committee of the Whole Rule 116 The House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose Shall not be withdrawn when When there may be one reconsideration When in order Amendments when reconsidered Place of calendar When ordered by Speaker See Rule 44 When ordered by the House 121 How formed Proceedings Rule in committee Debate how closed Aule 117 In forming a Committee of the Whole House the Speaker shall leave the chair and a Chairman to preside in committee shall he appointed by the Speaker Rule 118 In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be first read throughout by the Clerk and then again be read or debated by clauses or sections leaving the preamble to be last considered unless otherwise ordered Rule 119 The Rules of the House shall be observed by the Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable except that it can not refer a matter to any other committee fit can not adjourn the previous question can not be enforced a motion to lay on the table or indefinitely postpone shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the House shall be in order nor shall any vote be taken by yeas and nays Rule 120 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it shall be desired to close the debate or to limit the time to be allowed members for speaking the committee may rise and report its desire to the House and the House shall take such action thereon as it may see fit by a resolution agreed for that purpose said resolution shall apply only to the subjectmatter before said committee and when said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the House the action of the House shall be deemed the sense of the committee and the House may then on motion again resolve itself into Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of the subject 122 Rule 121 In the event that a Committee of the Whole House at any sitting shall for want of time Jime of fail to complete any matter under consideration it tendedmay on motion at any time in the committee made rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally or at a day certain Rule 122 A motion 1 that the committee rise and report progress and ask leave to sit again can be made at any tune when the mover thereof can legitimately obtain the floor and shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without debate and when it prevails the committee shall im mediately rise and when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall immediately rise and when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall automatically rise and the Speaker shall assume the Chair Rule 128 A motion to reconsider shall be in order Reconsidin Committee of the Whole eraton Rule 124 The Committee of the Whole shall not Duty of proceed with the business before it whenever a vote quorums on any question shall disclose the fact that no presentquorum of the House is present Whenever it is suggested that a quorum is not present the Chairman of the committee shall satisfy himself of the fact by actdal count of the committee and report the same to the committee and the Chairman shall on his own motion order that the committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the House Rule 125 The Speaker may in Committee of the au members Whole take part in the proceedings and he as well uniessVex cused 123 Amend ments Disorderly conduct reported Chairman may order galleries cleared Proceedings of when business before it is finished as all other members shall vote on all questions before the committee unless excused therefrom and no pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed in the Committee of the Whole Rule 126 Amendments proposed by the Committee of the Whole may be amended or rejected by the House and matters stricken out by the committee may be restored by the House Rule 127 A Committee of the Whole House can not punish disorderly conduct of its members but must report the same to the House for action thereon Rule 128 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared incase of any disorderly conduct therein Rule 129 When the Committee of the Whole have disposed of the bill resolutions or other measures befort it by motion and question it shall rise and the Chairman will be instructed to report the action of the Committee to the House At this point the Speaker will resume his seat and the Chairman will return to the floor and will state in substaqce as follows Mr Speaker the Committee of the Whole House have had under consideration naming what and have instructed me as their Chairman to report the same back to the House with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended or do not pass as the case may be The Speaker will receive this report and repeat the same and the matter will then be before the House for action just as though reported by any other committee 124 Rule 130 The proceedings of the Committee of the Whole shall not he recorded in the Journal of the House except so far as reported to the House by the Chairman of said committee Rule 131 When in the Committee of the Whole any papers in the possession of the House may be called for by any member and read by the Clerk for the information of the committee unless the committee shall otherwise order Rulel 32 Amendments offered to an amendment in the Committee of the Whole shall not be reported to the House but the report shall contain only the result of the committee s action on the bill resolution or measure under consideration before it Absentees Rule 133 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the House shall not be dispensed with except by a threefourths vote of the members present Rule 134 Upon the call of all the members ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Clerk and shall appear upon the Journal And it shall be the duty of the Clerk to keep a separate list of the absentees from each days proceedings which list shall be entered upon the Journal and shall show which of said absentees are absentwithout leave and of those absent with leave which are absent for providential causes and which for business reasons which said separate list shall be read in the House with the Journal upon which the same is entered The Clerk shall also keep in a book accessible to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave the names of all such absentees noting Record Papers maybe called for Report shall contain result of committees action Morning rollcall dispensed with by threefourths vote Names of absentees noted Duty of Auditing Committee Excuse of members Power to compel attendance Sereant atarms Call how ordered Subsequent proceed ings such as are absent without leave and the members so absent without leave unless excused by the House shall not be entitled to draw pay for the time they are so absent It shall be the duty of the Committee on Auditing to inquire into the matter before passing upon anw members account Excuses of members absent without leave shall be submitted to the Committee on Ercuses cf Members Absent without Leave and the recommendation of some member of said committee shall be necessary to have said excuse allowed by the House COMPELLING ATTENDANCE Rule 135 The power to compel the attendance of meinbers in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the Speaker and to this end he may have the doors of the House closed When the doors are so closed no member shall be allowed to retire from the House without first obtaining leave from the House The Messenger of the House shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the House and on order of the Speaker may arrest any absentees and bring them before the House when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid CALL OF THE HOUSE Rule 136 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present or when the Speaker shall officially state the fact to the House it shall be in order for any member to make a motion for a call of the House and when this motion is made the Speaker shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the House prevail and if fifteen of 26 the members present shall vote in the affirmative the Speaker shall order the Clerk to call the roll of members and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be clased after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the members present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by the officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the House shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged CONSTITUTIONAL RULES Rule137 A majority of each House shall con what is a stitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller quorum number may adjourn from day to day and compel attendance the presence of its absent members as each House may provide Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4 Rule 138 Ehch Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or af oath of firmation towit I will support the Constitution membersof this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State Art 3 Sec 7 Par7 Rule 139 No bill shall become a layr Unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members required to elected to each House of the General Assembly ahd it shall in every instance appear on the Journal 127 Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members present Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays Revenue bills Reading of blls One subject matter etc Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14 Rnle 140 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal Art 3 Sec7 Par 6 Rule 141 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12 Rule 142 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21 Rule 143 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third reading of local bills must be full and complete Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5 Rule 144 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10 Rule 145 No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subjectmatter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof 128 Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8 Rule 146 No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17 Rule 147 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provisions have been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1 Rule 148 The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts Art3 See 7 Par 18 Rule 149 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer An amendment to laws and sections of Code General laws how varied Consent and when required Corpora tions Power delegated to courts Relief of recognizance 129 What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appropriation by separata bills Adjourn ments Elections Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote Rule 150 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9 Rule 151 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24 Rule 152 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and th vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1 Rule 153 No bill or ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13 130 Rule 154 The General Assembly meets annually on the fourth Wednesday in June and the House and Senate are called to order at 10 oclock a m The Annual Sessions are limited to fifty days Art 3 Sec 4 Par 6 Rule 155 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1 Rule 156 No provision of this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23 s Rule 157 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House Session limited to fifty days Elections disorderly conduct Expulsion by twothirds vote Signature of Governor when required Governors veto Effect of twothirds vote thereon 131 When Governor must approve Effect of twothirds vote Twothirds vote required Twothirds vote re quired on amendments to Constitution Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16 Rule 158 Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may he necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor apd before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House Art 5 See 1 Par 17 Rule 159 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4 Rule 160 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the Gem eral Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of 132 this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1 Rule 161 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2 Rule 162 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries not to exceed four thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts shall have salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to erceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such changes shall affect the officers then in commission Art 6 Sec 13 Pars 1 and 2 Rule 163 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called Salaries of Judges May be changed by a twothirds vote 133 Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be Submitted before passage of same Messages Messages when received and considered Petitions Motions have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16 MISCELLANEOUS RULES Rule 164 When a message shall be sent to the House of Representatives if shall be announced at the door of the House by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the chair by the person through whom it may be sent Rule 165 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce is being taken A message shall be presented to the House by the Speaker when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business in which the House is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the House Rule 166 It shall be the order of the day every Wednesday to take up and decide on reports of Committees on Petitions and all petitions shall be numbered as they are received and taken up and disposed of in the order they were received unless otherwise ordered by a majority of a quorum Rule 167 After a motion is stated by the Speaker or read by the Clerk it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the House but may be withdrawn at any time before the decision by consent of the House Rule 168 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading Rule 169 The several standing committees of the House shall have leave to report by bill or otherwise The report of the Committee on Rules is in order at any time when the House is not actually engaged in other business Rule 170 The Clerk of the House shall take an oath for the true and faithful discharge of the duties of his office to the best of his knowledge and abilities and shall be deemed to continue in office until another be elected Rule 171 The Clerk shall take special care of the books provided for the use of the House Rule 172 The Committee on Efnrollmenit shall carefully compare enrolled bills and resolutions and correcting any errors that may be discovered in the enrolled bills or other papers make their report forthwith to their respective Houses Rule 173 Any motion not privileged containing new matter shall lie at least one day on the table Rule 174 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Clerk shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting y Rule 175 When a motion is made by any member it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the House Rule 176 After the announcement of the standing committee no other members shall be placed thereon except when members have been elected to 135 Petitions memorials etc Committees Clerk Clerk Duties of Committee on Enrollment Motions not privileged Not necessary to second motion Committees how and when engaged Privileges on the floor Duty of Committee on Journals Members to receipt Clerk for books and papers Adjournment and meeting Motion for yeas and nays not debatable fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the Speaker may assign said members to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships Rule 177 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the House except the members and officers thereof the officers and members of the Senate the Governor of the State and the heads of the officers of the Executive Department Members of Congress from Georgia State House officers and members of the press actively reporting Legislative proceedings exGovemors Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral in actual commission expresiding officers of the House and Senate Judges and DistrictAttorneys of the United States Courts and such others as the House may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on the Privileges of the Floor Rule 178 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Journals to read the Journal of each ays proceedings and report to the House that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Clerk Rule 179 No member shall take any books or papers from the possession of the House or Clerk without first acquainting the Clerk and giving him a receipt to return the same in a reasonable time or on his demand Rule 180 The House shall convene at 10 a m Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the House The hour of adjournment to be fixed by a majority of said House on motion without debate Rule 181 A motion for thecall of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate 136 Rule 182 All Acts and joint resolutions shall be signed by the Speaker and Clerk and all writs war signature rants and subpoenas issued by orderof the House and Clerk shall be signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk Rule 183 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the House while in session Messenger to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the Speaker to execute the demands of the House from timeN to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the Speaker Rule 184 The Messenger under the direction of Messengers n i 3 i H duty in dis the Clerk shall superintend the distribution by the tributing Rages of all documents and papers to be distributed etcto the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them Rule 185 No Committee of the Whole or other Interiieacommittee shall deface or interline a bill resolution Sddenr or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendment recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendment relates Rule 186 No pairing of members shall be recog Pairing nized or allowed as an excuse for not voting Rule 187 Whenever any member moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of onontee the two Houses naming the number of members ference be appointed if said motion prevails the Speaker shall appoint a committee on the part of the House and in such case the committee shall consist of only such members as voted in the majority on the po 137 Amend ments Majority and minority reports What motions lie on table Changing votes Questions of privilege Proviso sition assumed by the House and if by inadvertence any member be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the House and be excused by the Speaker Rule 188 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the House it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the House but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment Rule 189 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent Rule 190 Every motion for information from the Executive Department shall lie on the table one day Rule 191 On the call of the yeas and nays the Clerk shall read the names of the members after they have been called and no member shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he votedunder a mistake of the question zRule 192 Questions of privilege hall be first those affecting the rights of the House collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of members individually in their representative capacity anly and shall have precedence of all other questions except a motion to adjourn Provided that when any matter is before the House no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question shall be disposed of 138 Rule 193 In all elections a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice Rule 194 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing Rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies Rule 195 The Auditing Committee shall before auditing the account of any member for expenses of a committeeman or any account prescribed by a member for any expense incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of this House require of such an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item of said account 139 ORDER OF BUSINESS Rule 196 The following shall be the order of business 1 Prayer by the Chaplain 2 Call of the Roll 3 Report of the committee on the Journal 4 Reading of the Journal 5 Confirmation of the Journal 6 Unanimous consents 7 Motions to reconsider 8 Reports of standing committees 9 House bills favorably reported for a second reading 10 Unfinished business of previous session 11 Orders of the day 12 On Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call of the counties for the introduction of new matter On Mondays and Wednesdays third reading of Senate bills and resolutions 13 House bills and resolutions for third reading and House bills and resolutions with Senate amend ments 14 On Tuesdays House bills on the calendar adversely reported for a second reading 15 On Mondays and Fridays immediately after the call of the counties Senate bills for first and second reading shall be in order 16 On Wednesdays immediately after the call of the counties all petitions and reports of committees on petitions shall be in order 17 Bills of Senate for third reading 18 Senate resolutions 19 Reports of committees on enrollment may be made at any time 20 After the regular order of business for each day shall have been exhausted House Bills for first and second reading and Senate Bills for first and second reading respectively shall be in order Unless otherwise ordered by the House no general bills or resolutions shall be in order for a third reading or for reconsideration at Saturdays sessions General bills or resolutions otherwise in order for reconsideration on Saturday shall sfand over until the following Monday Rule 197 No committee of the House shall consist of more than twentyfive members This rule however shall not apply to the following committees Amendments to Constitution Appropriations General Agriculture No 1 General Agriculture No 2 General Judiciary No 1 General Judiciary No 2 Ways and Means Penitentiary 141 COMMITTEES Rule 198 The Speaker shall appoint the following committees Academy for the Blind Amendments to the Constitution Appropriations Auditing Banks and Banking Conservation Corporations Counties and County Matters Education Engrossing Enrollment Excuse of Members Absent without Leave Game and Fish General Agriculture No 1 General Agriculture No 2 General Judiciary No 1 for the consideration of general bills General Judiciary No 2 for the consideration of general bills Georgia School for the Deaf Georgia State Sanitarium Hall and Rooms Hygiene and Sanitation Insurance Invalid Pensions and Soldiers Home Journals Labor and Labor Statistics Legislative and Congressional Reaipportionment Manufactures Military Affairs Mines and Mining 142 Municipal Government Penitentiary Pensions Privileges and Elections Privileges of the Floor Public Highways Public Library Public Printing Public Property Railroads Reformatories Rules of which the Speaker shall be exofficio Chairman Special Judiciary for consideration of special and local bills Temperance Uniform State Laws University of Georgia and its Branches Ways and Means Western and Atlantic Railroad for the consideration of all matters pertaining to the Western and Atlantic Railroad The Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Chairman and Ghairman pro tern of the Committee on Ways and Means shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations Rule 199 Whenever any bill or resolution has been referred to a committee and the same has been held in the custody or control of such committee for tgn days without reporting on same the author of such bill or any member of the House shall have the right immediately after the confirmation of the Journal to give notice that on the next regular meeting 143 of the House he will submit a motion instructing such committee to report such bill back to the House after which on the next regular meeting day of the House any member of the House immediately after the confirmation of the Journal may move to instruct such committee tcT report such bill or resolution back to the House and if the motion prevaiis it shall be the duty of such committee to report such bill or resolution accordingly with or without recommendation as the same case may be at the next regular session and upon failure of said Committee to report such bill accordingly the same shall automatically be returned to the House for consideration Debate on said motion to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House shall be limited to twenty minutes unless otherwise ordered by the House and when such bill or resolution is so reported or returned to the House it may be referred or committed as other bills or resolutions Rule 200 In drawing for seats all members except those who have been permitted by the House to select seats without drawing shall retire to the rear of the Hall The names of all counties printed on separate slips of papers shall be deposited in a box and the box placed on the Clerks desk The names of the counties shall be drawn separately from the box and announced by the Clerk from his desk When the name of a county is announced the member for members from that county shall come forward to the Clerks desk and secure a desk card with name and county printed thereon and then proceed to select his seat All desks shall be arranged in their proper position on the floor of the House and no desk shall be moved or changed CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA OF FORCE JULY 1920 PREAMBLE To perpetuate the principles of free government insure justice to all preserve peace promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty we the people of Georgia relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God do ordain and establish this Constitution ARTICLE I Bill of Rights Section I Paragraph I All government of right originates with the people is founded upon their will only and is instituted solely for the good of the whole Public officers ate the trustees and servants of the people and at all times amenable to them Par II Protection to person and propertyis the paramount duty of government and shall be impartial and complete Par III No person shall be deprived of life liberty or prop erty except by due process of law Par IV No person shall be deprived of the right to prosecute or defend his own cause in any of the courts of this State in person by attorney or both Par V Every person charged with an offense against the laws of this State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel shall be furnished on demand with a copy of the accusation and a list of the witnesses on whose testimony the charge against him is founded shall have compulsory process to obtain the testimony of his own witnesses shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him and shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury 145 AET 1 Par VI No person shall be compelled to give testimony tending in any manner to criminate himself Par VII Neither banishment beyond the limits of the State nor whipping as a punishment for crime shall be allowed Par VIII No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty more than once for the same offence save on his or her own motion for a new trial after conviction or in case of mistrial Par IX Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted nor shall any person be abused in being arrested while under arrest or m prison Par X No person shall be compelled to pay costs except after conviction on final trial Par XI The writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended Par XII AH men have the natural and inalienable right to worship God each according to the dictates of his own conscience and no human authority should in any case control or interfere with such right of conscience Par XIII No inhabitant of this State shall be molested iu person or property or prohibited from holding any public office or trust on account of his religious opinions but the right of liberty of conscience shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the State Par XIV No money shall ever be taken from the publi treasury directly or indirectly in aid of any church sect or denomination of religionists or of any sectarian institution Par XV No law shall ever be passed io curtail or restrain the liberty of speech or of the press any person may speak write and publish his sentiments on all subjects being responsible for the abuse of that liberty Par XVI The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the persons or things to be seized Par XVII There shall be within the State of Georgia neither slavery nor involuntary servitude save as a puuishment for crime after legal conviction thereof Par XVIII The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject of legislation AET i Par XIX The civil authority shall be superior to the military and no soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner nor in time of war except by the civil magistrate in such manner as may be provided by law Par XX The power of the courts to punish for contempts shall be limited by legislative acts Par XXI There shall be no imprisonment for debt Par XXII The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the mariner in which arms may be borne Par XXIII The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided Par XXIV The people have the right to assemble peaceably for their common good and to apply to those vested with the powers of government for redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance Par XXV All citizens of the United States resident in this State are hereby declared citizens of this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact such laws as will protect them in the full enjoyment of the rights privileges and immunities due to such citizenship Section II Paragraph I In alb prosecutions or indictments for libel the truth may be given in evidence and the jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law apd the facts The power of the judges to grant new trals in case of conviction is preserved Par II Treason against the State of Georgia shall consist in levying war against her adhering to her enemies giving them aid and comfort No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or confession in open court Par III No conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate Par IV All lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets are hereby prohibited and this prohibition shall be enforced by penal laws Par V Lobbying is declared to be a crime and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties Par VI The General Assembly shall have the power to provide for the punishment of fraud and shall provide by law for reaching property of the debtor concealed from the creditor 147 AET 12 Section III Paragraph I In cases of necessity private ways may be granted upon just compensatiion being first paid by the applicant Private property shall not be taken or damaged for public purposes without just and adequate compensation being first paid Par II No bill of attainer ex post facto law retroactive law or law impairing the obligatioin of contracts or making irrevocable grants of special privileges or immunities shall be passed Par ill No grant of special privileges or immunities shall be revoked except in such manner as to work no injustice to the Corporators or creditors of the incorporation Section IV j Paragraph I Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted n any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent Par II Legislative acts in violation of this Constitution or the Constitution of the United States are void and the judiciary shall so declare them Section V Paragraph I The people of this State have the inherent sole and exclusive right of regulating their internal government and the police thereof and of altering and abolishing their Constitution whenever it may be necessary to their safety and happiness Par II The enumeration of rights herein contained as a part of this Constitution shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent rights which they may have hitherto enjoyed ABTICLE II Elective Franchise Section I Paragraph I After the year 1908 elections by the people shall be by ballot and only those persons shall be allowed to vote who have been first registered in accordance with the requirements of law 148 ART 2 Par II Every male citizen of this State who is a citizen of the United States twentyone years old or upwards not laboring under any of the disabilities named in this Article and possessing the qualifications provided by it shall be an electors and entitled to register and vote at any election by the people Provided that no soldier sailor or marine in the military or naval services of the United States shall acquire the rights of an elector by reason of being stationed on duty in this State Par III To entitle a person to register and vote at any election by the people he shall have resided in the State one year next preceding the election and in the county in which he offers to vote six months next preceding the election and shall have paid all taxes which may have been required of him since the adoption of the Constitution of Georgia of 1877 that he may have had an opportunity of paying agreeably to law Such payment must have been made at least six months prior to the election at which he offers to vote except when such elections are held within six months from the expiration of the time fixed by law for the payment of such taxes Par IV Every male citizen of this State shall be entitled to register as an elector and to vote in all elections in said State who is not disqualified under the provisions of Section 2 of Article 2 of this Constitution and who possesses the qualifications prescribed in paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section or who will possess them at the date of the election occurring next after his registration and who in addition thereto comes within either of the classes provided for in the five following subdivisions of this paragraph 1 All persons who have honorably served in the land or naval forces of the United States in the Revolutionary War or in the War of 1812 or in the War with Mexico or in any War with the Indians or in the War between the States or in the War with Spain or who honorably served in the land or naval forces of the Confederate States or of the State of Georgia in the War between the States or 2 All persons lawfully descended from those embraced in the classes enumerated in the subdivision next above or 3 All persons who are of good character and understand the duties and obligations of citizenship under a republican form of government or 4 All persons who can correctly read in the English language any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State and correctly write the same in the English language when read to them by any one of the registrars and all persons who 149 ART 2 solely because of physical disability are unable to comply with the above requirements but who can understand and give a reasonable interpretation of any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State that may be read to them by any one of the registrars or 5 Any person who is the owner in good faith in his own right of at least forty acres of land situated in this State upon which he resides or is the owner in good faith in his own right of property situated in this State and assessed for taxation at the value of 50000 Par Y The right to register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of paragraph 4 shall continue only until January 1st 1915 But the registrars shall prepare a roster of all persons who register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of paragraph 4 and shall return the same to the clerks office of the superior court of their counties and the clerks of the superior court shall send copies of the same to the secretary of State and it shall be the duty of these officers to record and permanently preserve these rosters Any person who has been once registered under either of the subdivisions 1 or 2 of paragraph 4 shall thereafter be permitted to vote Provided he meets the requirements of paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section Par VI Any person to whom the right of registration is denied by the registrars upon the ground that he lacks the qualifications set forth in the five subdivisions of paragraph 4 shall have the right to take an appeal and any citizen may enter an appeal from the decision of the registrars allowing any person to register under said subdivisions All appeals must be filed in writing with the registrars within ten days from the date of the decision complained of and shall be returned by the registrars to the office of the clerk of the superior court to be tried as other appeals Par VII Pending an appeal and until the final decision of the case the judgment of the registrars shall remain in full force Par VIII No person shall be allowed to participate in a primary of any political party or a convention of any political party in this State who is not a qualified voter Par IX The machinery provided by law for the registration of force October 1st 1908 shall be used to carry out the provisions of this Section except where inconsistent with same the legislature may change or amend the registration laws from time to time but no such change or amendment shall operate to defeat any of the provisions of this section 150 ART 2 Section II Paragraph I The General Assembly may provide from time to time for the registration of all electors but the following classes of persons shall not be permitted to register vote or hold any office or appointment of honor or trust in this State towit 1st Those who shall have been convicted in any court of competent jurisdiction of treason against the State of embezzlement of public funds malfeasance in office bribery or larceny or of any crime involving moral turpitude punishable by the laws of this State with imprisonment in the penitentiary unless such person shall have been pardoned 2d idiots and insane persons Section III Paragraph I Electors shall in all cases except for treason felony larceny and breach of the peace be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections and in going to and returning from the same Section IV Paragraph I No person who is the holder of any public money contrary to law shall be eligible to any office in this State until the same is accounted for and paid into the treasury Par II No person who after the adoption of this Constitution being a resident of this State shall have been convicted of fighting a duel in this State or convicted of sending or accepting a challenge or convicted of aiding or abetting such duel shall hold office in this State unless he shall have been pardoned and every such person shall also be subject to such punishment as may be prescribed by law Section V Paragraph I The General Assembly shall by law forbid the sale distribution or furnishing of intoxicating drinks within two miles of election precincts on days of electionState county or municipaland prescribe punishment for any violation of the same Section YI Paragraph I Returns of election for all civil officers elected by the people who are to be commissioned by the Governor and also for the members of the General Assembly shall be made to the secretary of State unless otherwise provided by law 151 ARTICLE m Legislative Department Section I Paragraph I The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives Section II Paragraph I The Senate shall consist of fiftyone members There shall be fiftyone Senatorial Districts as now arranged by counties Each District shall have one Senator The First Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Chatham Bryan and Effingham The Second Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Liberty Tattnall McIntosh Toombs and Evans The Third Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wayne Pierce Appling Jeff Davis and Bacon The Fourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Glynn Camden and Charlton The Fifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Coffee Ware and Clinch The Sixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Echols Lowndes Berrien and Tift The Seventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Brooks Thomas Colquitt and Grady The Eighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Decatur Mitchell and Miller The Ninth Senatorial District shall be Composed of the counties of Early Calhoun and Baker The Tenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dougherty Lee Worth and Turner The Eleventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clay Randolph and Terrell The Twelfth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Stewart Webster and Quitman The Thirteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Sumter Schley and Macon The Fourteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dooly Wilcox Pulaski Crisp and Bleckley The Fifteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wheeler Montgomery and Toombs ART 3 The Sixteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Laurens Emanuel and Johnson The Seventeenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Screven Bulloch Burke Jenkins and Candler The Eighteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Richmond Glascock and Jefferson The Nineteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Taliaferro Greene and Warren The Twentieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Baldwin Hancock and Washington The Twentyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Twiggs Wilkinson and Jones The Twentysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bibb Monroe and Pike The Twentythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Houston Crawford and Taylor The Twentyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Muscogee Marion and Chattahoochee The Twentyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Harris Upson and Talbot The Twentysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Spalding Butts and Fayette The Twentyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Barrow Walton and Oconee The Twentyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Jasper Putnam and Morgan The Twentyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wilkes Columbia Lincoln and McDuffie The Thirtieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Elbert Madison and Hart The Thirtyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hart Habersham Franklin and Stephens The Thirtysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of White Dawson and Lumpkin The Thirtythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hall Banks Jackson and Barron The Thirtyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of DeEalb Rockdale and Newton The Thirtyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Fulton Clayton and Henry The Thirtysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Campbell Coweta Meriwether and Douglas 153 ART 3 The Thirtyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Carroll Heard and Troup The Thirtyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Haralson Hoik and Paulding Th Thirtyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Cherokee Cobb and Douglas The Fortieth Senatorial District shall be comppsed of the eotfnties of Union Towns and Rabun The Fortyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Pickens Fannin and Gilmer The Fortysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bartow Floyd and Chftttooga The Fortythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Murray Gordon and Whitfield The Fortyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Walker Dade and Catoosa The Fortyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Irwin Ben Hill and Telfair The Fortysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bacon Pierce and Coffee The Fortyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Colquitt Tift and Turner The Fortyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of ythe counties of Crisp Wilcox and Dodge The Fortyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bulloch Candler and Evans The Fiftieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clarke Oglethorpe and Wilkes The Fiftyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Gwinnett Milton and Forsyth Par II The General Assembly may change these districts after each census of the United States Provided that neither the number of districts nor the number of Senators from each district shall be increased Section III Paragraph I The House of Representatives shall consist of not more than 193 Representatives apportioned among the several counties as follows towit To the six counties having the largest population viz Fulton Chatham Richmond Bibb Floyd and Muscogee three representatives each to the twentysix counties having the next largest population viz Laurens Carroll Jackson ART 3 Sumter Thomas Decatur Gwinnett Coweta Cobb Washington DeKalb Burke Bulloch Troup Hall Walton Bartow Meriwether Emanuel Lowndes Elbert Brooks Houston Wilkes Clarke and Ware two Representatives each and to the remaining counties one Representative each The county of Evans shall be entitled to representation in the General Assembly of Georgia and the counties of Treutlen Atkinson and Cook shall also be entitled to representation in the General Assembly In the county of Evans and in the counties of Treutlen Atkinson and Cook an election shall be held in such county or counties on the first Tuesday in January 1919 under the laws now governing similar elections for members of the General Assembly for the election of a member of the General Assembly from said county or counties for the session of 1919 and 1920 Par II The above apportionment shall be changed by the General Assembly at its first session after each census taken by the United States government so as to give the six counties having the largest population three representatives each and to the twentysix counties having the next largest population two representatives each but in no event shall the aggregatenumber of representatives be increased Section IY Paragraph I The members of the General Assembly shall be elected for two years and shall serve until the time fixed by law for the convening of the next General Assembly The provisions of this paragraph section and article shall apply to the term of the members of the General Assembly who were elected at the general election for members of the General Assembly in the year 1912 Par II The first election for members of the General Assembly under this Constitution shall take place on the first Wednesday in December 1877 the second election for the same shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and subsequent elections biennially on that day until the day of election is changed by law Par III The first meeting of the General Assembly after the ratification of this Constitution shall be on the fourth Wednesday in October 1878 and annually thereafter on the same day until the day shall be changed by law Par IY A majority of each house shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each house may provide 155 AKT 3 Par V Each senator and representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interests and prosperity of this State Par VI No session of the General Assembly shall continue longer than fifty days Provided that if an impeachment trial is pending at the end of fifty days the session may be prolonged till completion of said trial Par VII No person holding a military commission or other appointment or office having any emolument or compensation annexed thereto under this State or the United States or either of them except justices of the peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either house nor shall any senator or representative after his disqualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without the advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment haying any emolument annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected Par VIII The seat of a member of either house shall be vacated on hisi removal from the district or county from which he was elected Section V Paragraph I The senators shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyfive years and who shall have been citizens of this State for four years and for one year residents of the district from which elected Par II The presiding officer of the Senate shall be styled the President of the Senate and shall be elected viva voce from the senators Par III The Senate shall have the sole power to try impeachments Par IV When sitting for that purpose the members shall be on oath or affirmatiion and shall be presided over by the Chief Justice or the Presiding Justice of the Supreme Court Should th Chief Justice be disqualified the Senate shall select the judge of the Supreme Court to preside No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of twothirds of the members present Par V Judgments in case of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office and disqualification to hold and 156 AET 3 enjoy any office of honor trust or profit within this State but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment trial judgment and punishment according to law Section YI Paragraph I The representatives shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyone years and who shall have been citizens of this State for two years and for one year residents of the counties from which elected Par II The presiding officer of the House of Eepresentatives shall be styled the Speaker of the House of Eepresentatives and shall be elected viva voce from the body Par III The House of Eepresentatives shall have the sole power to impeach all persons who shall have been or may be in office Section VII Paragraph I Each house shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the house to which he belongs Par II Each house may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session of any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its presence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either house Par III The members of both houses shall be free from arrest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in going thereto or returning therefrom except for treason felony larceny or bread of the peace and no member shall be liable to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either house Par IV Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings and publish it immediately after its adjournment Par V The original journal shall be preserved after publication in the office of the Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof Par VI The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the journal Par VII Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each house unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection but the first and second reading of 157 each local bill and bank and railroad charters shall consist of reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed Par VIII No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subjectmatter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof Par IX The general appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the executive legislative and judicial departments of the government payment of the public debt and interest thereon and the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject Par X All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills Par XI No money shall be drawn from the treasury except by appropriation made by law and a regular statement and account of the receipt and expenditure of all public money shall be published every three months and also with the laws passed by each session of the General Assembly Par XII No bill or resolution appropriating money shall e come a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each house are recorded Par XIII All acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either house shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the house by which the same was rejected Par XIV No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each house of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance so appear on the Journal Par XV By an act approved September 24 1885 an amendment to the Constitution was submitted to vote of the people in October 1886 and adopted whereby the original of this paragraph was stricken from this Constitution Par XVI No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be sit ART 3 uated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited ia the General Assembly before sueh acts shall be passed Par XVII No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well ai the alteration to be made Par XVin The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the courts it may confer this authority to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to the Judges of the Superior Courts of this State in vacation All corporate powers and privileges to banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law and if in any event the secretary of State should be disqualified to act in any ease then in that event the legislature shall provide by general laws by what person such charters shall be granted Par XIX The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer Par XX The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passengerrailway within the limits of any incorporated town or city without the consent of the corporate authorities Par XXI Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both houses for the passing of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the journal Par XXII The General Assembly shall have power to make all laws and ordinances consistent with this Constitution and not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States which they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of the State 159 AET 3 Par XXIII No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the ease of the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly Par XXIV Neither house shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of a disagreement between the two houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them Section VIII Paragraph I The officers of the two houses other than the President and Speaker shall be a secretary of the Senate and clerk of the House of Eepresentatives and such assistants as they may appoint but the clerical expenses of the Senate shall not exceed sixty dollars per day for each session nor those of the House of Eepresentatives seventy dollars per day for each session The secretary of the Senate and clerk of the House of Eepresentatives shall be required to give bond and security for the faithful discharge of their respective duties Section IX Paragraph I The per diem of the members of the General Assembly shall not exceed seven dollars and mileage shall not exceed ten cents for each mile traveled by the nearest practicable route in going and returning from the Capital but the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Eepresentatives shall each receive not exceeding ten dollars per day Section X Paragraph I All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Eepresentatives When the Senate and House of Eepresentatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Eepresenta tive Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result Section XI Paragraph I All property of the wife at the time of her marriage and all property given to inherited or acquired by her shall remain her separate property and not be liable for the debts of her husband 160 ART 3 Section XII Paragraph I All life insurance companies now doing business in this State or which may desire to establish agencies and dc business in the Stat eof Georgia chartered by other States of the Union or foreign States shall show that they have deposited with the comptrollergeneral of the State in which they are chartered or of this State the insurance commissioners or such other officer as may be authorized to receive it not less than one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by such officer equivalent to cash subject tohis order as a guarantee fund for the security of policyholders Par II When such showing is made to the comptrollergeneral of the State of Georgia fey a proper certificate from the State official having cliarge of the funds so deposited the comptrollergeneral of the State of Georgia is authorized to issue to the company making such showing a license to do business in the State upon paying the fees required by law Par III All life insurance companies chartered by the State of Georgia or which may hereafter be chartered by the State shall before doing business deposit with the comptrollergeneral of the State of Georgia or with some strong corporation which may be approved by said comptrollergeneral one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by him equivalent to cash to be subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of the polieyholders of the company making such deposit all interests and dividends arising from such securities to be paid when due to the company so depositing Any such securities as may be needed or desired by the company may be taken from said department at any time by replacing them with other securities equally acceptable to the eomptrpllergeneral whose certificate for the same shall be furnished to th company Par IVy The General Assembly shall from time to time naet laws to compel all fire insurance companies doing business in this State whether chartered by this State or otherwise to deposit reasonable securities with the treasurer of this State to secure the people against losjs by the operations of said companies I Par V The General Assembly shall compel all insurance companies in this State or doing business therein under proper penalties to make semiannual reports to the Governoy and print the same at their own expense for the information and protection of the people 161 ARTICLE IV Power of the General Assembly Over Taxation Section I Paragraph I The right of taxation is a soverign right inalienable indestructible is fhe life of the State and rightfully belongs to the people in all republican governments and neither the General Assembly nor any nor all other departments of the government established by this Constitution shall ever have the authority to irrevocably give grant limit or restrain this right and all laws grants contracts and all other acts whatsoever by said government or any department thereof to effect any of these purposes shall be and are hereby declared to be null and void for every purpose whatsoever and said right of taxation shall always be under the complete control of and revocable by the State notwithstanding any gift grant or contract whatsoever by the General Assembly Section II Paragraph I The power and authority of regulating railroad freights and passenger tariffs preventing unjust discriminations and requiring reasonable and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs are hereby conferred upon the General Assembly whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time to regulate freight and passenger tariffs to prohibit unjust discriminations on the various railroads of this State and to prohibit said roads from charging other than just and reasonable rates and enforce the same by adequate penalties Par II The exercise of the right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the General Assembly from taking the property and franchises of incorporated companies and subjecting them to public use the same as property of individuals and the exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit corporations to conduct their business in such a manner as to infringe the equal rights of individuals or the general wellbeing of the State Par III The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation now existing nor alter or amend the same nor pass any other general or special law for the benefit of said corporation ercept upon the condition that such corporation shall thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution and every amendment of any charter of any corporation in this State or any special law for its benefit accepted thereby shall operate as a novation of said charter and shall bring the same 162 AET 45 under the provisions of this Constitution Provided that this section shall not extend to any amendment for the purpose of allowing any existing road to take stock in or aid in the building of any branch road Par IY The General Assembly of this State shall have no power to authorize any corporation to buy shares or stock in any other corporation n this State or elsewhere or to make any contract or agreement whatever with any such corporation which may have the effect or be intended to have the effect to defeat or lessen competition in their respective businesses or to encourage monopoly and all such contracts and agreements shall be illegal and void Par Y No railroad company shall give or pay any rebate or bonus in the nature thereof direetly or indirectly or do any act to mislead or deceive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freights or passage and any such payments shall be illegal and void and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties ffl Par YI No provision of this Article shall be deemed held or taken to impair the obligation of any contract heretofore made by the State of Georgia Par VII The General Assembly shall enforce the provisions of this Article by appropriate legislation AETICLE V Executive Department Section I Paragraph I The officers of the Executive Department shall consist ofya Governor secretary of State comptrollergeneral and treasurer Par II The executive power shall be vested in a Governor who shall hold his office during the term of two years and until his successor shall be chosen and qualified He shall not be eligible to reelection after the expiration of a second term for the period of four years He shall havea salary of three thousand dollars per annum until otherwise provided by a law passed by a twothirds vote of both branches of the General Assembly which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected nor shall he receive within that time any other emolument from the United States or either of them or from any foreign power But this reduction of salary shall not apply to the present term of the present Governor 163 AET 5 Par III The first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and the Governorelect shall be installed in office at the next session of the General Assembly An election shall take place biennially thereafter on said day until another date be fixed by the General Assembly Said election shall be helj at the places of holding general elections in the several counties of this State in the manner prescribed for the election of members of the General Assembly and the electors shall be the same Par IV The returns for every election of Governor shall be healed up by the managers sepaiately from other returns and directed to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Bepresentatives and transmitted to the secretary of State who shall withoutopening said returns cause th same to be laid before the Senate on the day after the two houses shall have been organized and they shall be transmitted by the Senate to the House of Bepresentatives Par Y The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall convene in the Bepresentative Hall and the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Bepresentatives shall open and publish the returns in the presence and under the direction of the General Assembly and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Goyernor of this State but if no person shall have such majority then from the two persons having the highest number of votes who shall be in life and shall not decline an lection at the time appointed for the General Assembly to elect the General Assembly shall immediately elect a Governor viva voce and in all eases of election of a Governor by the General Assembly a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice Par VI Contested elections shall be determined by both houses of the General Assembly in such manner as shall be prescribed by law ParVlI No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor who shall not have been a citizen of the United States fifteen years and a citizen of the State six years and who shall not have attained the age of thirty years Par VTII In case of the death resignation or disability of the Governor the President of th Senate shall exercise the executive powers of the government until such disability be removed or a successor is elected and qualified And in case of the death resigna 164 ART 5 ion or disability of the President of the Senate the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall exercise the executive powers of the government until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor Par IX The General Assembly shall have power to provide by law for filling unexpired terms by special elections Par X The Governor shall before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation I do solemnly swear or affirm as the case may be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and will to the best of my ability preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof nd the Constitution of the United States of America Par XI The Governor shall be commanderinchief of the army and navy of this State and the militia thereof Par XII He shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons to commute penalties remove disabilities imposed by law and to remit any part of a sentence for offences against th State after conviction except in ease of treason and impeachment subject to such regulations as may be provided by law relative to the manner of applying for pardons Upon conviction for treason he may suspend th execution of the sentence and report the ease to the General Assembly at the next meeting thereof when the General Assembly shall either pardon commute the sentence direct its execution or grant a further reprieve He shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body each case of reprieve pardon or commutation granted stating the name of the convict the offense for whiclji he was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the reprieve pardon or commutation and the reasons for granting the same He shall take care that the laws are faithfully executed and shall be a conservator of the peace throughout the State Par XIII He shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate or House of Representatives and shall give the General Assembly from time to timfe information of the state of the Commonwealth and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expedient He shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions but no law shall be enacted at call sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them Par XIV When any office shall become vacant by death resignation or otherwise the Governor shall have power to fill such 165 AET 5 vacancy unless otherwise provided by law and persons so appointed shall continue in office untila successor is commissioned agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution or by law in pursuance thereof Par XV A person once rejected by the Senate shall not bi reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter Par XVI The Governor shall haye the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each house may pass a law notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill shall not be returned by the Governor within five days Sundays excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and th latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House Par XVII Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both houses may be necessary except on a question of lection or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repasaed by twothirds of each house Par XVIII He may require information in writing from the officers in the Executive Department on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices It shall be the duty of the Governor quarterly and oftener if he deems it expedient to examine under oath the treasurer and comptrollergeneral of the State on all matters pertaining to their respective offices and to inspect and review their books and accounts The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of either of said officers from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same Par XIX The Governor shall have the poWer to appoint his own secretaries not exceeding two in number and to provide such other clerical force as may be required in his office for salaries and clerical force in his office shall not exceed the sum of ten thou sand dollars 1000000 and this sum shall not be exceeded either directly or indirectly for any services rendered the Governor in the way of clerical assistance or in any other manner 166 ART 5 Section II Paragraph I The secretary of State comptrollergeneral and treasurer shall be elected by persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor The provisions of the Constitution as to the transmission of the returns of election counting the votes declaring the result deciding when there is no election and when there is a contested election applicable to the election of Governor shallv apply to the election of secretary of State comptrollergeneral and treasurer they shall be commissioned by the Governor and hold their offices for the same time as the Governor Par II The salary of the treasurer shall not exceed fortyeight hundred dollars per annum the salary of the assistant treasurer shall not exceed thirtysix hundred dollars per annum The other clerical expenses of the Treasury Department shall not exceed six thousand dollars per annum TheI premium on the bond of the treasurer shall be paid by the State provided that this amendment shall not take effect until the Bank Bureau as now conducted in the State Treasury Department shall have been separated from that department according to law Par III The salary of the secretary of State shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the clerical expenses of his department shall not exceed one thousand dollars per annum Par IV The salary of the comptrollergeneral shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum The clerical expenses of his department including the insurance department and wildland clerk shall not exceed four thousand dollars per annum and without said clerk it shall not exceed three thousand dollars per annum Par V The treasurer shall not be allowed directly or indirectly to receive any fee interest or reward from any person bank or corporation for the deposit or use in any manner of the public funds and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties Par VI No person shall be eligible to the office of secretary of State comptrollergeneral or treasurer unless he shall have been a citizen of the United States for ten years and shall have resided in this State for six years next preceding his election and shall be twentyfive years of age when elected All of said officers shall give bond and security under regulations to be prescribed by law for the faithful discharge of their duties Par VII The secretary of State the comptrollergeneral and 167 ART 56 the treasurer shall not be allowed any fee perquisite or compensation other than their salaries as prescribed by law except their necessary expenses when absent from the seat of government on business for the State Section III Paragraph I The great seal of the State shall be deposited in the office of the secretary of State and shall not be affixed to any instrument of writing except by order of the Governor or General Assembly and that now in use shall be the great seal of the State until otherwise provided by law ARTICLE VI Judiciary Section I The judicial powers of the State shall be vested in a Supreme Court a Court of Appeals superior courts courts of ordinary justices of the peace commissioned notaries public and such other courts as have been ormay be established by law Section II Paragraph I The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Jusj tiee and five Associate Justices A majority of the court shall constitute a quorum Par II When one or more of the judges are disqualified from deciding any ease by interest or otherwise the Governor shall designate ajudge or judges of the superior courts to preside in said case Par III No judge of any court shall preside in any case where the validity of any bondFederal State corporation or municipalis involved who holds in his own right or as the representative of others any material interests in the class of bonds upon which the question to be decided arises Par IV The Chief Justice and Associate Justices shall hold their offices for six years and until their successors are qualified A successor to the incumbent whose term will soonest expire shall be elected by the General Asembly in 1880 a successor to the incumbent whose term of office is next in duration shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1882 and a successor to the third incumbent shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1884 but appointments to fill vacancies shall only be for the unexpired term or until such vacancies are filled by elections agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution Par V The Supreme Court shall have no original jurisdiction but shall be a court alone for the trial and correction of errors of 168 AET 6 law from the superior courts and the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases that involve the construction of the Constitution of the State of Georgia or of the United States or of treaties between the United States and foreign governments in all cases in which the constitutionality of any law of the State of Georgia or of the United States is drawn in question and until otherwise provided by law in all cases respecting titles to land in all equity cases in all cases which involve the validity of or the construction of wills in all cases of conviction of a capital felony in all habeascorups cases in all cases involving extraordinary remeedies in all divorce and alimony eases andxin all eases certified to it by the Court of Appeals for its determination It shall also be competent for the Supreme Court to require by certiorari or otherwise any case to be certified to the Supreme Court from the Court of Appeals for review and determination with the same power and authority as if the case had been carried by writ of error to the Supreme Court Any case carried to the Supreme Court or to the Court of Appeals which belongs to the class of which the other court has jurisdiction shall until otherwise provided by law be transferred to the other court under such rules as the Supreme Court may prescribe and the cases so transferred shall be heard and determined by the court which has jurisdiction thereof Par VI The Supreme Court shall dispose ofevery case at the first or second term after such writ of error is brought and in case the plaintiff in error shall not be prepared at the first term to prosecute the caseunless prevented by providential causeit shall be stricken from the docket and the judgment below shall stand affirmed Par VII In any case the court may in its discretion withhold its judgment until the next term after the same is argued Par VIII The Supreme Court shall hereafter consist of a1 Chief Justice and five Associate Justices The court shall have power to hear and determine cases when sitting either in a body or in two divisions of three judges each under such regulations as may be prescribed by the General Assembly A majority of either division shall constitute a quorum for that division The Chief Justice and the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court shall hereafter be elected by the people at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor and the Statehouse officers are elected except that the first election under this amendment shall be held on the third Wed ART T u 11 nesday in December 1896 at which time one Associate Justice shall be elected fox a full term of six years to fill the vacancy occurring oh January 1st 1897 by the expiration of the term of one of the present incumbents and three additional Associate Justices shall be elected for terms expiring respectively January 1st 1899 January 1st 1901 and January 1st 1903 The persons elected as additional Associate Justices shall among themselves determine by lot which of the three lastmentioned terms each shall have and they shall be commissioned accordingly 4fter sai fiyst election all terms except unexpired terms shall be for six years each In ease of any vacancy which causes an unexpired term the same shall be filled by executive appointment and the person appointed by the Governor shall hold his offiee until the next regular election and until his successor for the balance of the unexpired term shall have been elected and qualified The returns of said special election shall be made to the secretary of State Par IX The Court of Appeals shall consist of the judges provided therefor by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment and of such additional judges as the General Assembly shall from time to time prescribe All terms of the judges of the Court of Appeals after the expiration of the terms of the judges provided for by law at the time of the ratification of the amendment except unexpired terms shall continue six years and until their successors are qualified The time and manner of electing judges and the mode of filling a vacancy which causes an unexpired term shall be the same as are or may be provided for by the laws relating to the election and appointment of Justices of the Supreme Court The Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction for the trial ana correction of errors of law from the superior courts and from the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities and in all eases jn which such jurisdiction has not been conferred by this Constitution upon the Supreme Court and in such other cases as may hereafter be prescribed by law except that where a case is pending in the Court of Appeals and the Court of Appeals desires instruction from the Supreme Court it may certify the same to the Supreme Court and thereupon a transcript of the record shall be transmitted to the Supreme Court which after having afforded to the parties an opportunity to be heard thereon shall instruct the Court of Appeals on the question so certified and the Court of Appeals shall be bound by the instructions so given But if by reason of equal division of opinion among the Justices of the Supreme Court no such 170 ART 6 instruction is given the Court of Appeals may decide the question The manner of certifying questions to the Supreme Court by the Court of Appeals and the subsequent proceedings in regard to the same in the Supreme Court shall be as the Supreme Court shall by its rules prescribed until otherwise provided by law No affirmance of the judgment of the court below in eases pending in the Court of Appeals shall result from delay in disposing of questions or cases certified from the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court or as to which such certificate has been required by the Supreme Court as hereinbefore provided All writs of error in the Supreme Court or the Court of Appeals when received by its clerk during a term of the court and before the docket of the term is by order of the court closed shall be entered thereon when received at any other time shall be entered on the docket of the next term and they shall stand for hearing at the term for which they are so entered under such rules as the courts may prescribe until otherwise provided by law The Court of Appeals shall appoint a clerk and a sheriff of the court The reporter of the Supreme Court shall be the reporter of the Court of Appeals until otherwise provided by law The laws relating to the Supreme Court as to qualifications and salaries of judges the designation of other judges to preside when members of the court are disqualified the powers duties salaries fees and terms of officers the mode of carrying cases to the court the powers practice procedure times of sitting and costs of the court the publication of reports of eases decided therein and in all other respects except as otherwise provided in this Constitution or by the laws as to the Court of Appeals at the time of the ratification of this amendment and until otherwise provided by law shall apply to the Court of Appeals so far as they can be made to apply The decisions of the Supreme Court shall bind the Court of Appeals as precedents Section III Paragraph I There shall be a judge of the superior courts for each judicial circuit whose term of office shall be four years and until his successor is qualified He may act in other circuits when authorized by law The legislature shall have authority to add one or more additional judges of the superior court for any judicial circuit in this State and shall have authority to regulate the manner in which the judges of such circuits shall dispose of the business thereof and shall fix the time at which the term or terms of office of such additional judge or judges shall begin and the 171 ART 6 maimer of his appointment or election and shall have authority fromtime to time to add to the number of such judges in any judicial circuit or to reduce the number of judges in any judicial circuit Provided that at all times there shall be at least one judge in every judicial circuit of this State Par II The successors to the present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly of the whole State at the general election held for such inembers next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years Par III The term of the judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their election Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointments of th Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected Section TV Paragraph I The superior court shall have exclusive jurisdie tion in cases of divorce in criminal cases where the offender is subjected to loss of life or confinement in the penitentiary in cases respecting1 titles to land and equity cases Par il The General Assembly may confer upon the courts of common law allthe powers heretofore exercised by courts of equity in this State Par III Said courts shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases except as hereinafter provided Par IV They shall have appellate jurisdiction in all such cases as may be provided by law Par V They shall have power to correct errors in inferior judicatories by writ of certiorari which shall only issue on the sanction of the judge and said courts and the judges thereof shall have power to issue writs of mandamus prohibition scire facias and all other writs that may be necessary for carrying their powers fully into effect and shall have such other powers as are or may be conferred on them by law Par VI The General Assembly may provide for an appeal AKT 6 from one jury in the superior and city courts to another and the said court may grant new trials on legal grounds Par VII The court shall render judgment without the verdict of a jury in all civil cases founded on unconditional contracts in writing where an issuable defense is not filed under oath or affirmation Par VIII The superior courts shall sit in each county not less than twice in each year at such times as have been or may be appointed by law Par IX The General Assembly may provide by law for the appointment of some proper person to preside in cases where the presiding judge is from any cause disqualified Section V Paragraph I In any county within which there is or hereafter may be a city court the judge of said court and of the superior court may preside in the courts of eaeh other in cases where the judge of either court is disqualified to preside Section VI Paragraph I The powers of a court of ordinary and of pro bate shall be vested in an ordinary for each county from whose decision there may be an appeal or by consent of parties without a decision to the superior court under regulations prescribed by law Par II The courts of ordinary shall have such powers in relation to roads bridges ferries public buildings paupers county officers county funds county taxes and other county matters as may be conferred on them by law Par III The ordinary shall hold his office for the term of four years and until his successor is elected and qualified Section VII Paragraph I There shall be in each militia district one justice of the peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be four years Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and of notary public exofficio justices of the peace in any city in this State having a population of over twenty thousandand establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subject matter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace 173 ART 6 and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or to subject matter as may be provided by law whereof some other Court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together also with such provision as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such furthef provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court of the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section 9 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia Par II Justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases arising ex contractu and in eases of injuries or damages to personal property when the principal sum does not exceed one hundred dollars and shall sit monthly at fixed times and places but in all cases there may be an appeal to a jury in said court or an appeal to the superior court under such regulations as may be prescribed by law Par III Justices of the peace shall be elected by the legal voters in their respective districts and shall be commissioned by the Governor They shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office Section VIII Paragraph I Commissioned notaries public not to exceed one for each militia district may be appointed by the judges of superior courts in their respective circuits upon recommendation of the grand juries of the several counties They shall be commissioned by the Governor for the term of four years and shall be exofficio justices of the peace and shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office Section IX Paragraph I The jurisdiction powers proceedings and practice of all courts or officers invested with judicial powers except city courtsi of the sdme grade or class so far as regulated by law and the force and effect of the process judgment ond decree by such courts severally shall be uniform This uniformity must be established by the General Assembly Section X Paragraph I There shall be an attorneygeneral of this State 174 ART 6 who shall be elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor Par II It shall be the duty of the attorneygeneral to act as the legal adviser of the executive department to represent the State in the Supreme Court in all capital felonies and in all civil and criminal cases in any court when required by the Governor and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law Section XI Paragraph I There shall be a solicitorgeneral for each judicial circuit whose official term except to fill a vacancy shall be four years The successors of present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the whole State qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other cause shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a Successor for the unexpired term shall be elected Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by tthe General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years Par II t shall be the duty of the solicitorgeneral to represent the State in all cases in the superior courts of his circuit and in all cases taken up from his circuit to the Supreme Court and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law Section XIII Paragraph I The Justices of the Supreme Court each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 5000 per annum the Judges of the Court of Appeals each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 5000 per annum the Judges of the superior courts each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 4000 per annum the attorneygeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the solicitorsgeneral each shall have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the attorney general shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution Provided however that the counties of Clarke Floyd Sumter Muscogee Bibb and Richmond shall supplement from their respective county treasuries the salaries of the judges of the circuits 175 t AET 6 of which they are a part by such sura as will be necessary with salaries paid each of said judges from the State treasury to make a salary of 5000 each per annum of such judges and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said counties and such payments shall be made to the judges now in officeas well as to their successors Provided further that the County of Pulton shall supplement the salary of the judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit or the judge of such other circuit as may be hereafter required to regularly preside therein for additional services rendered in the Superior Court of said county such sums as will with the salary paid such judge from the State Treasury make a salary of 5000 per annum said payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of Pulton County such payments to be made to the judge now in office as well as to his successors Provided that the county of Chatham shall from its treasury pay to the Judges of the Superior Courts of the Eastern Judicial Circuit three thousand dollars per annum said payments are hereby declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county and shall be made to the judges now in office as well as their successors Provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of Ful ton County or such other board or person as may from time to time exercise the administrative powers of Pulton County shall have power and authority to pay the judges of the superior court of Pulton County such sums in addition to the salafies paid by the State as said administrative authority or authorities may deem advisable and the amounts so paid are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county Such sums may be paid to the judges in office at the time such addition to the compensation is voted as well as their successors in office The Act of the General Assembly of 1904 entitled An Act to regulate the salaries of Judges of the Superior Courts of all Judicial Circuits of this Statev having or that may hereafter have therein a city with a population of not less than 54000 nor more than 75000 inhabitants and for other purposes with the Acts of the General Assembly of 1905 and 1906 amendatory thereof and also the Act of the General Assembly of 1906 entitled An Act to Regulate the Comenpsation of Judges of the Superior Courts for services rendered outside of their own Circuits in those Judicial Circuits of the State having therein a city of not less than 75000 inhabitants according to the Census of 1900 and for other purposes which Acts provide for the payment from the treasuries of the coun 176 4 AET 0 ties containing said cities to the judges aforesaid of a part of their salaries are ratified validated and confirmed as to the dates of said respective enactments Par H The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such change shall affect the officers then in commission Provided however that the General Assembly shall have power at any time by a majority vote of each branch to abolish the fees at present accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any particular judicial circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe a salary for such office in addition to the salary prescribed in paragraph 1 of this section of this article and without regard to the uniformity of such salaries in the various circuits and shall have the further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any such judicial circuit where the fees are abolished Section XIV Paragraph I No person shall be judge of the Supreme or superior courts or attorneygeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained the age of thirty years and shall have beeji a citizen of theState three years and have practiced law for seven years and no person shall be hereafter elected solicitorgen eral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained twentyfive years of age shall have been a eitizen of the State for three years and shall have practiced law for three years next preceding his election 6 Section XV Paragraph I No total divorce shall be granted exceDt on tho concurrent verdicts of two juries at different terms of theP court 1Pain men a divorce is granted the jury rendering the mal verdict shall determine the rights and disabilities of the parties Section XVI Paragraph I Divorce cases shall be brought in the county where the defendant resides if a resident of this State if the defendant be not a resident of this State then in the county in which the plaintiff resides Par II Cases respecting titles to land shall be tried in the county where the land lies except where a single tract is divided y a county line in which case the superior court in either county shall have jurisdiction J 177 ART 6 Par III Equity eases shall be tried in the county where a defendant resides against whom substantial relief is prayed Par IV Suits against joint obligors joint promissors copartners or joint trespassers residing in different counties may be tried in either eounty Par V Suits against the maker and indorser of promissory notes or drawer acceptor and endorser of foreign or inland bills of exchange or like instruments residing in different counties shall be brought in the eounty where the maker or acceptor resides Par VT All other civil cases shall be tried in the county where the defendant resides and all criminal cases shall be tried in the eounty where the crime was committed except cases in the superior courts where the judge is satisfied that an impartial jury cannot be obtained in such county Section XVII Paragraph I The power to change the venue in civil and cnui inal cases shall be vested in the superior courts to be exercised in such manner as has been or shall be provided by law Section XVIII Paragraph I The right of trial by jury except where it is otherwise provided in this Constitution shall remain inviolate but tfie General Assembly may prescribe any number not less than five to constitute a trial or traverse jury in courts other than the superior and city courts Par II The General Assembly shall provide1 by law for the selection of the most experienced intelligent and upright men to serve as grand jurors and intelligent and uptight men to serve as traverse jurors Nevertheless the grand jurors shall be competent to serve astraverse jurors Par III It shall be the duty of the General Assembly by general laws to prescribe the manner of fixing compensation of jurors in all counties in this State Section XIX Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have power to provide for the creation of county commissioners in such counties as may require them and to define their duties Section XX Paragraph I All courts not specially mentioned by name in 178 ART 67 the first section of this atricle may be abolished in any county at the discretion of the General Assembly Section XXI Paragraph I The costs in the Supreme Court shall not exceed ten dollars until otherwise provided by law Plaintiffs in error shall not be required to pay costs in said court when the usual pauper oath is filed in the court below ARTICLE YU Finance Taxation and Public Debt Section I Paragraph I The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only For the support of the State government and the public institutions For educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only To pay interest on the public debt To pay the principal of the public debt To suppress insurrection to repel invasion and defend the State in time of war To supply the soldiers who lost a limb or limbs in the military service of the Confederate States with substantial artificial limbs during life and make suitable provisions for such Confederate soldiers as may have been otherwise disabled or permanentlly injured in such service or who may by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty be unable to provide a living for themselves and for the widows of luch Confederate soldiers as may have died in the service of the Confederate States or since from wounds received therein or disease contracted in the service or who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselves Provided that the Act shall only apply to such widows as were married at the time of such service and have remained unmarried since the death of such soldier husband To make provisions for the payment of pensions to any exConfederate soldier now residing in this State who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States during the Civil War be 170 N ART 7 tween the States of the United States and who performed actual military services in the armies of the Confederate or of the organized militia of this State and was honorably discharged therefrom and to the widows now resident of this State of exConfederate soldiers who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States and who performed actual service in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State who died in said military service or was honorably discharged therefrom who were married prior to January 1 1881 No widow of a soldier killed during the war shall be deprived of her pension by reason of having subsequently married another veteran who is dead unless she is receiving a pension on account of being the widow of such first husband Par II The levy of taxes on property for any one year by the General Assembly for all purposes except to provide for repelling invasion suppressing insurrection or defending the State in time of war shall not exceed five mills on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in the State Section II Paragraph I All taxation shall be uniform upon the same class of subjects and ad valorem on all property subject to be taxed within the territorial limits of the authority levying the tax and shall be levied and collected under general laws The General Assembly may however impose a tax upon such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive of other property Par II The General Assembly may by law exempt from taxation all public property places of religious worship or burial all institutions of purely public eharity all buildings erected for and USed as a college incorporated academy or other seminary of learning and also all funds or property held or used as endowment by such colleges incorporated academies or seminaries of learning provided the same is not invested in real estate and provided further that said exemption shall only apply to such colleges incorporated academies or other seminaries of learning as are open to the general public provided further that all endowments to institutions established for white people shall be limited to white people and all endowments to institutions established for colored people shall be limited to colored people the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other literary association used by or connected with such library all books and philosophical apparatus and all paintings and statuary of any company or association kept 180 ART 7 in a public hall and not held as merchandise or for purposes of sale or gain provided the property so exempted be not used for purposes of private or corporate profit or income The General Assembly shall further have power to exempt from taxation farm products including baled cotton grown in this State and remaining m the hands of the producers but not longer than for the year next after their production Par III No polltax shall be levied except for educational purposes and such tax shall not exceed one dollar annually upon each Par IV All laws exempting property from taxation other than the property herein enumerated shall be void Par V The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall not be surrendered or suspended by any contract or grant to which the State shall be a party Par VI All persons or classes of persons who Were by laws of force January 1st 1911 required to mWke returns for taxation to the comptrollergeneral and all who may hereafter be so required shaU on or before the first day of March of each year make such returns as of date of January 1st of that year and shall pay the taxes arising on such returns in favor of the State on or before the first of September of the same year anything heretofore contained m the Constitution or laws of Georgia to the contrary notwithstanding The laws of force on said date governing such returns and payments and the collection and enforcement thereof shall remain Qf force as applicable to the returns and payments herein required T1 he Same ShaU be ehaned h7 law 1 GeneralAssembly shall have power to make or alter all laws that may be necessary or proper for enforcing the provisions of this paragraph Section ITT Paragraph I No debt shall be contracted by or on behalf of the State except to supply such temporary deficit as may exist in the treasury m any year from necessary delay in collecting the taxes o that year to repel invasion suppress insurrection and defend the State in time of war by to pay the existing public debt but the debt created to supply deficiencies in revenue shall not exceed in the aggregate Five Hundred Thousand Hollars and any loan made for this purpose shall be repaid out of the taxes levied for the year in which the loan is made Section IV Paragraph I All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by 181 AET 7 or on behalf of the State shall specify the purposes for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purpose specified and for no other Section Y Paragraph I The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual company corporation or association and the State shall not become j joint owner or stockholder in any company association or corporation Section YI Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not authorize any county municipal corporation or political division of this State to become a stockholder in any company corporation or association or to appropriate money for or to loan its credit to any corporation company association institution or individual except for purely charitable purposes This restriction shall not operate to prevent the support of schools by municipal corporations within their respective limits Provided that if any municipal corporation shall offer to the State any property for locating or building a capitol and the State accepts such offer the corporation may comply with such offer Par II The General Assembly shall not hate power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose except for educational purposes to build and repair the public buildings and bridges to maintain and support prisoners to pay jurors and coroners and for litigation quarantine roads and expenses of courts to support paupers and pay debts heretofore existing to pay the county police and to provide for necessary sanitation Section YII Paragraph I The debt hereafter incurred by any county municipal corporation or political division of this State except as in this Constitution provided for shall not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein and no such county municipality or division shall incur any new debt except for a temporary loan or loans to supply casual deficiencies of revenue not exceeding onefifth of one per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property therein without the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters thereof voting at an election for that purpose to be held as prescribed by law provided said twothirds so voting shall be a majority of the registered voters and provided further that 182 ART 7 all laws charter provisions and ordinances heretofore passed or enacted providing special registration of the voters of counties municipal corporations and other political divisions of this State to pass upon the issuance of bonds by such counties municipal corporations and other political divisions are hereby declared to be null and void and the General Assembly shall hereafter have no power to pass or enact any law providing for such special registration but the validity of any and all bond issues by such counties municipal corporations or other political divisions made prior to January 1st 1918 shall not be affected hereby but any city the debt of which does not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property at the time of the adoption of this Constitution may be authorized by law to increase at any time the amount of said debt three per centum upon such assessed valuation except that the City Council of Augusta from time to time as necessary for the purpose of protection against floods may incur a bonded indebtedness upon its power producing canal and municipal water works in addition to the debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to an amount in the aggregate not exceeding fifty per centum of the combined value of such properties the valuation of such properties to be fixed as may be prescribed by law but said valuation not to exceed a figure five per cent on which shall represent the revenue net per annum produced by the two such properties together at the time of said valuation and such indebtedness not to be incurred except with the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters of such city at an election or elections held for that purpose to be held as maybe now or may be hereafter prescribed by law for the incurring Jf new debts by said the City Council of Augusta Reserving to the municipal corporations the benefit of all provisions of the Constitution of force in this State the General As sembly is hereby empowered to authorize any municipal corporation within this State having a population of one hundred and fifty thousand or more according to the census of the United States government taken next preceding the approval of any Act passed in pursuance hereof to incur a bonded debt or debts for the public purposes of such municipality the said debt or debts so to be incurred to be for such sums and to be secured after such manner and to be paid principal and interest at such time and such places and hy such means and upon such terms as the General Assembly may prescribe Provided however that no act conferring the powers aforesaid 183 ART 7 or any of them shall become operative until the same shall have been affirmed at a general election held for the election of a mayor and general council in such municipality by twothirds of the qualified voters thereof who may vote at said election Such twothirds to constitute at least a majority of the qualified voters of said municipality Par II Any county municipal corporation or political division of this State which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this Constitution shall at or before the time of so doing provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebtedness Section VII Paragraph I The State shall not assume the debt nor any part thereof of any county municipal corporation or political division of the State unless such debt shall be contracted to enable the State to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of war Section IX Paragraph I The receiving directly or indirectly by any officer of the State or county or member or officer of the General Assembly of any interests profits or perquisites arising from the use or loan of public funds in his hands or moneys to be raised through his agency for State or county purposes shall be deemed a felony and punishable as may be prescribed by law a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office Section X Paragraph I Municipal corporations shall not incur any debt until provision therefor shall have been made by the municipal government Section XI Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money direetly or indirectly to pay the whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds or other obligations which have been pronounced illegal null and void by the General Assembly and the constitutional amendments ratified by a Vote of the people on the first day of May 1877 nor shall the General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created 184 i ART 7 by the State under laws passed during the late war between the States nor any of the bonds notes or obligations made and entere 1 into during the existence of said war the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the United States and the Confederate States nor shall the General Assembly pass any law or the Governor or other State official enter into any contract or agreement whereby the State shall be made a party to any suit in any court of this State or of the United States instituted to test the validity of any such bonds of obligations Section XII Paragraph I The bonded debt of the State shall never be increased except to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend the State in time of war Section XIII Paragraph I The proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Macon and Brunswick or other railroads held by the State and any other property owned by the State whenever the General Assembly may authorize the sale of the whole or any part thereof shall be applied to the payment of the bonded debt of the State7 and shall not be used for any other purpose whatever so long as the State has any existing bonded debt Provided that the proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which said railroad has been mortgaged in preference to all other bonds Section XIV Paragraph I The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each year in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses and interest on the public debt the sum of one hundred thousand dollars which shall be held as a sinking fund to pay off and retire the bonds of the State which have not yet matured and shall be applied to no other purpose whatever If the bonds cannot at any time be purchased at or below par then the sinking fund herein provided for may be loaned by the Governor and treasurer of the State Provided the security which shall be demanded for said loan shall consist only of the valid bonds of the State but this section shall not take effect until the eight per cent currency bonds issued under the Act of February the 19th 1873 shall have been paid Section XV Paragraph I The comptrollergeneral and treasurer shall each 185 rry ABT 78 make to the Governor a quarterly report of the financial condition of the State which report shall include a statement of the assets liabilities and income of the State and expenditures therefor for the three months preceding and it shall be the duty of the Governor to carefully examine the same by himself or through competent per sons connected with his department and cause an abstract thereof to be published for the information of the people which abstract shall be indorsed by him as having been examined Section XYI Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not by vot resolution or order grant any donation or gratuity in avor of any person corporation or association Par II The General Assembly shall not grant or authorize extra compensation to any publie officer agent or contractor after the service has been rendered or the contract entered into Section XYII Paragraph I The office of the State printer shall cease with the expiration of the term of the present incumbent and the General Assembly shall provide by law for letting the public printing to the lowest responsible bidder or bidders who shall give adequate and satisfactory security for the faithful performance thereof No member of the General Assembly or other public officer shall be interested either directly or indirectly in any such contract ABTICLE VIII Education Section I Paragraph I There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of the children as nearly uniform as practicable the expense of which shall Be provided for by taxation or otherwise The schools shall be free to all children of the State but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races Section II Paragraph I There shall be a State school commissioner elected by the people at the same time and manner as the Governor and Statehouse officers are elected whose term of office shall be two years and until his successor is elected and qualified His offieo 186 ART 8 shall be at the seat of government and he shall be paid a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum The General Assembly may substitute for the State school commissioner such officer or officers as may be deemed necessary to perfect the system of public education Section III Paragraph I The poll tax any educational fund now belonging to the State except the endowment of and debt due to the University of Georgia a Special tax on shows and exhibitions and on the sale of spirituous and malt liquors which the General Assembly is hereby authorized to assess and the proceeds of any commutation tax for military service and all taxes that may be assessed on such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive to other property are hereby set apart and devoted for the support of common schools Section IV Paragraph I Authority may be granted to counties militia districts school districts and to municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority to establish and mainf tain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation but no such laws shall take effect until the same shall have been submitted to a vote of the qualified voters in each county militia district school district or municipal corporation and approved by twothirds majority of persons voting at such election and the General Assembly may prescribe who shall vote on such questions Section V Paragraph I Existing local school systems shall not be affected by this Constitution Nothing contained in first section of this article shall be construed to deprive schools in this State not common schools from participation in the educatibnal fund of the State as to all pupils therein taught in the elementary branches of an English education Section VI Paragraph I The trustees of the University of Georgia may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of said University In addition to the payment of the annual interest on the debt due by the State to the University the General Assembly may from time to time make such donations 187 f ART 89 hereto as the condition of the treasury will authorize And the General Assembly may also from time to time make such appropriations of money as the condition of the treasury will authorize to any college or university not exceeding one in number now established or hereafter to be established in this State for the education of persons of color ARTICLE IX Homestead and Exemption Section I Paragraph I There shall be exempt from levy and sale by virtue of any process whatever under the laws of this State except as hereinafter excepted of the property of every head of a family or guardian or trustee of a family of minor children or every aged or infirin person or person having the care and support of dependent females of any age who is not the head of a family realty or personalty or both to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars Section II Paragraph I No court or ministerial officer in this State shall ever have jurisdiction or authority to enforce any judgment execution or decree against the property et apart for such purpose including sueh improvements as may be made thereon from time to time except for taxes for the purchasemoney of the same for labor done thereon for material furnished therefor or for the removal of incumbrances thereon Section III Paragraph I The debtor shall have power to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in this Article except as to wearing apparel and not exceeding three hundred dollars worth of household and kitchen furniture and provisions to be selected by himself and his wife if any and he shall not after it is set apart alienate or encumber the property so exempted but it may be sold by the debtor and his wife if any jointly with the sanction of the judge of the superior court of the county where the debtor resides or the land is situated the proceed to be reinvested upon the same uses 188 AET 9 Section IY Paragraph I The General Assembly shall provide by law ns early as practicable for the setting apart and valuation of said property But nothing in this Article shall be construed to affect or repeal the existing laws for exemption of property from sale contained in the present Code of this State in paragraphs 2040 to 2049 inclusive and the Acts amendatory thereto It may be optional with the applicant to take either but not both of such exemptions Section Y Paragraph I The debtor shall have authority to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in section four except as it is excepted in section three of this article Section YJ Paragraph I The applicant shall at any time have the right to supplement his exemption by adding to an amount already set apart which isvless than the whole amount of exemption herein alowed a sufficiency to make his exemption equal to the whole amount Section VII Paragraph I Homestead and exemptions of personal property which have been heretofore set apart by virtue of the provisions of the existing Constitution of this State and in accordance with the lawsfor the enforcement thereof or which may be hereafter so set apart at any time shall be and remain valid as against all debts and liabilities existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution to the same extent that they would have been had said existing Constitution not been revised Section YIII K Paragraph I Eights which have become vested under previously existing laws shall not be affected by anything herein contained In all cases in which homesteads have been set apart under the Constitution of 1868 and the laws made in puruance thereof and a bona fide sale of such property has been subsequently made and the full purchaseprice thereof has been paid all right of exemption in such property by reason of its having been so set apart shall cease in so far as it affects the right of the purchaser In all such cases where 189 V Paragraph I Parties who have taken homestead of realty under the Constitution of eighteen hundred and sixtyeight shall have the right to sell said homestead and reinvest the same by order ot the judge of the superior courts of this State Paragraph I A well regulated militia being essential to the peace and security of the State the General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this State shall be organized officered trained armed and equipped and of whom it shall consist Par II The General Assembly shall have power to authorize the formation of volunteer companies and to provide for their organization into battalions regiments brigades divisions and corps with such restrictions as may be prescribed by law and shall have authority to arm and equip the same Par TIT The officers and men of the militia and volunteer forces shall not be entitled to receive any pay rations or emoluments when not in active service by authority of the State Paragraph I Each county shall be a body corporate with such powers and limitations as may be prescribed by law All suits by or against a county shall be in the name thereof and the metes and bounds of the several counties shall remain as now prescribed by law unless changed as hereinafter provided Paragraph II There shall not be more than one hundred and fortyfive counties in this State Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the counties of Irwin and Wil ARTICLE X Militia I Section I ARTICLE XI Counties and County Officers Section I 190 AET 11 cox bounded as follows Beginning at the point where the south line of land lot No 167 in the third district of Wilcox County crosses the Alapaha river and running due east along the south line to the northeast corner of land lot No 159 in the third district of Irwin county thence north to the northeast corner of land lot No 172 in the third district of Wilcox county thence east to the northeast corner of land lot No 174 in the third district of Irwin county thence south to the northeast corner of land lot No 157 in the third district of Irwin county and thence east to the northeast corner of land lot No 156 in the third district of Irwin county and thence south to the northeast corner of land lot No 66 in the third district of Irwin county thence east to the northeast corner of land lot No 62 in the third district of Irwin county and thence south to the northeast corner of land lot No 32 in the third district of Irwin county thence east to the southeast comer of land lot No 233 in the fourth district of Irwin county and thence north to the southwest corner of land lot No 206 in the fourth district of Irwin county and thence east to the southeast cojper of land lot No 39 in the fourth district of Irwin county and thence north along th3 east line of land lot No 39 to the Ocmulgee river and thence in a westerly direction along the Ocmulgee river to the point where House creek in Wilcox county Vempties into the Ocmulgee river and thence in a westerly direction along the said House creek to the point where the said House creek crosses the north line of land lot No 255 in the third district of Wilcox county and thence west along the north line of said land lot No 255 and the district line between the first and third districts in the said county of Wilcox to the Alapaha river and thence in a southerly direction along the said Alapaha river to the starting point That Fitzgerald shall be the county site of said county Said county shall be attached to the Third Congressional District and to the Oconee judicial circuit until another circuit shall be established embracing the present county of Irwin in which case it shall belong to said new circuit and shall be attached to the fifteenth State senatorial district That all legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Ben Hill entitled to vote for members in the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1907 elect an ordinary a clerk of the superior court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor and a county treasurer and three commissioners of roads and revenues for said county said election to be held at Fiffcgerald the county site of said county That the 191 I AET 11 superior courts of said county shall be held on the first Mondays in April and October of each year The limits of the said county the Congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit o which it is attached the time of holding the terms of the superior courts shall be designated above until changed by law Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from the territory now comprising Pulaski County to be made up and composed of all that part of the territory of Pulaski County lying north and east of a line extending northwest and southeast across said county said line beginning at the point on the boundary line of Pulaski and Dodge Counties where land lots Nos 123 and 148 in the 20th land district of Pulaski County meet and thence extending from said point in a northwesterly direction along the line dividing said lots 123 and 148 thence continuing in a northwesterly direction along the dividing lines of the following land lots Nos 122 and 149 121 and 150 in the 20th land district and Nos 300 and 301 299 and 302 298 and 303 297 and 304 296 and 305 295 and 306 294 and 307 293 and 308 292 and 309 291 and 310 290 and 311 289 and 312 288 and 313 267 and 314 286 and 315 in the 21st land district and Nos 354 and 361 and between lots 360 and 355 and between 359 and 356 between 358 and 357 in the 24th land district to the Oemulgee river and to the line of Houston County That the said new county shall be known as the County of Bleckley and the City of Cochran shall be the county site of the same That the said County of Bleckley shall be attached to the same Congressional District and to the same Judicial Circuit and to the same State Senatorial District as those to which the County of Pulaski is attached at the date of the ratification of this amendment That all legal voters residing in the limits of the county of Bleckley entitled to Vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in January following the ratification of this proposed amendment elect an Ordinary a Clerk of the Superior Court a Sheriff a Coroner a Tax Collector a Tax Beeeiver a County Surveyor and a County Treasurer and one Commissioner of Boads and Eevenues for said new county and said election shall be held at Cochran That the Superior Courts of said Bleckley County shall be held on the second Monday in January and the first Monday in July of each year 192 ART 11 That the Congressional and Senatorial Districts the Judicial Circuit to which said county is attached the time of holding the term of the Superior Court and the limits of the county shall be as designated above until changed by law Provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to said County of Bleckley whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State Provided however that in addition to the counties now pro vided for by this constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the county of Montgomery and bounded as follows Commencing at a point on the western bank of the Oconee river where the Laurens county line intersects with said river thence down the western bank of the said river to the mouth of the said river thence up the northern bank of the Ocmulgee river to the mouth of Little Ocmulgee river thence up the said Little Ocmulgee river to the line of Dodge county thence east along said line of Dodge county and Laurens county to the western bank of the Oconee river to the starting point That said new county the boundaries of which are described herein shall be called and known by the name of Wheeler and shall be attached to and become a part of the Twelfth Congressional district the Fifteenth State Senatorial district and the Oconee judicial circuit and the county site of the said new county shall be the town of Alamo That all legal voters residing in the limits as herein described of said proposed new county of Wheeler entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1918 elect an ordinary a clerk of superior court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor a county treasurer and three commissioners of roads and revenues for said county said election to be held at the town of Alamo the county site of said new county That the superior courts of said county shall be held on the first Mondays in March and on the first Mbndays in September of each year The limits of the said county the Congressional and Senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is attached and the time of holding the terms of the superior courts shall be as designated above until changed by law provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in section 829 193 I ART 11 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to said county of Wheeler whenever the same be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the counties of Gwinnett Walton and Jackson said county bounded as follows Beginning at a point amid stream where the Mulberry river crosses the Hall County line joining Jackson County thence following the line between Hall and Jackson Counties to the corner of Hall Gwinnett and Jackson Counties thence in a v direct line to the center of the Appalachia river at Freemans mill thence following the middle of the current of said Appalachia river down to the line of Walton and Oconee Counties thence following the line between Walton asd Oconee Counties to the common corner of Walton Jackson and Oconee Counties thence following theAine between Jackson and Oconee Counties to the Clarke County line dividing Oconee and Clarke Counties thence in adirect line to McClesky s Bridge at the central point over the Mulberry river and thence up the said Mulberry river to the beginning point on the Hall County line That Winder Georgia shall be the county site of said county Said county shall be attached to the Ninth Congressional District and to the Western Judicial Circuit and shall be attached to the Thirtythird Senatorial District That the name of said new county shall be Barrow and that all legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Barrow entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1915 elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor and a county treasurer Said election to be held at Winder Georgia the county site of said county That the Superior Courts of said county shall be held on the fourth Mondays in March and September of each year The limits of said county the congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Court shall be as above designated until changed by law That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State created by the General Assembly and those created by amendments to the above and foregoing Paragraph Section and Article of the Constitution of this State there is hereby created an additional 194 ART 11 county which county shall be known as Candler County The territory for the formation of said county of Candler shall be taken from the counties of Emanuel Bulloch and Tattnall and the said territory so taken for the formation of said sew county of Candler shall be included within the following described boundaries towit Starting at the south of Ten Mile Creek where it empties into Canoochee river running in a northerly direction up said river to Excelsior bridge thence in a northerly direction straight course to Lotts Creek to a point onequarter of a mile above new bridge thence along the line of Lotts Creek to DeLoachs Pond leaving DeLoaehs Pond running in a northwesterly direction crossing the Bulloch and Emanuel County lines intersecting with the Swainsboro and Statesboro public road at D B Johnsons place thence in a southwesterly direction to Union School House thence in a southwesterly direction to Cowarts Mill Pond thence a direct line south to the Leo Collins crossing on Central of Georgia Railroad thence a Southwesterly course to Griffins Perry Bridge on the Ohoopee River crossing line 6f Emanuel and Tattnall Counties a southerly course to a point where the counties of Emanuel and Tattnall meet on the Ohoopee River thence a direct line east to Kennedys Bridge on the Canoochee River That when said county is created the county seat of the same shall be the town of Metter now in the county of Bulloch that if the above and foregoing amendment should be ratified by the people when the same is submitted to them for their ratification at the next general election after the adoption of this proposal to amend the Constitution there shall be on the first Wednesday in December after the proposed amendment to the Constitution is adopted an election for the county officers herein named in and for said new county to be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said new county at the time of the adoption of the proposed amendment during the usual hours of holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in said territory shall be qualified to vote at said election and the ordinaries of thj several counties in which said election precincts are located at the time of the adoption of this amendment shall each appoint the election managers for the precinets in the counties in which he shall exercise jurisdiction of ordinary and the managers of the election shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the town of Metter the place designated as the county seat of the new county ad consolidate the vote for the county officers at such place within the limits of the town of Metter as shall be designated 195 nAae of the Superior Court of the middle circuit whose duty S place of W of son managers within the corporate limits of said town the general laws now in force as to the consolidation of the the return of the election and the commission of officers shah b applLtbL to officers elected at such special election herein provided for that the officers to be elected at said special eleetio herein provided shall be an ordinary a clerk of the Sup a sheriff a tax collector a tax receiver a coroner a county sur ver and a county treasurer that said officers shall be sioned as now required by law and all laws now m State to commission officers and for bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected that the officers elected at sai general election shall hold their offices until the next gener election for county officers and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create ay additional statutory officers in said county or statutory courts and to provide by law for filling said offices Any vacan that may occur before the next general election m any o e created by said county may be filled as now provided by law The said county of Candler shall be attached to the First Congressional District the Middle Judicial Circuit and the Seventeenth Senatorial District but it shall be in the power of the General Assembly at any time to change the judicial circuit to which said county of Candler is attached and the said General Assembly of Georgia is hereby given power to change said county of Candler in arranging cong es sional and senatorial districts as now provided by law That the Superior Courts in said1 county of Candler shall be held on the third Mondays in February and August months of each year but it shall be within the power of the General Assembly at any time by law to ehange the time of holding the courts and the number of terms thereof That the Justices of the Peace and Constables residing in the territory included within the new county of Candler shall exercise the duties and powers of their office until new militia districts are laid out in said county of Candler as now provided by law that all of the provisions of the law as contained in Chapter Thirteen 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to the said county pf Candler whenever the same is created that all of the general laws in this State in addition to the above having application to the statutory counties of this State are hereby made applicable to the said county of Candler especially the law in ref 196 ART 11 erence to holding elections for the purpose of creating a debt for said county that the said county of Candler so created by this amendment shall become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State regulating county and county affairs Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by the Constitution of the State of Georgia there shall be a new county laid outfrom the counties of Appling Pierce and Ware that the name of said county shall be Bacon and the boundaries shall be as follows Commencing at the southwest corner of the county of Appling where it corners with Waie and Coffee V Counties being at the southwest corner of land lot 471 of Jthe 5th district of Appling County and running thence north along the dividing lines between the counties of Appling and Coffee to the southwest corner of land lot 464 of the 5th district of Appling County and running thence west along the original land line to the southwest corner of land lot 510 of the 5th district of Appling County where it corners with Coffee County and running thence north along the dividing line between the counties of Appling and Coffee to the northwest corner of land lot 115 of the 2nd district of Appling County where it corners with Jeff DaVis County and running thence east along the dividing line between Appling and Jeff Davis Counties to the northwest corner of land lot 108 in the 2d district of Appling County thence running north along the dividing line of Appling and Jeff Davis Counties to the northwest corner of land lot 160 of the 2d district of Appling County and thence east along the original land line to what is known as the Little Satilla River and thence southeasterly along the middle thread of the Little Satilla River to a point where said river crosses the souther line of land lot 75 of the 4th district of Pierce County and running thence west along the original land line to the northwest corner of land lot 76 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence running south along the original land line to the Southeast corner of land lot 63 in the 4th district of Pierce County and running thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land Ibt 30 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 31 of the 4th district of Pieree County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 16 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 15 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence 197 VV fpl v ART 11 bo west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 38 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast comer of land lot 36 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 57 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 58 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 81 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 80 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast porner of land lot 10 Sin the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the originalland line to the southeast corner of land lot 106 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land lines to the southeast corner of land lot 198 in the 5th district of Ware County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 199 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 291 in the 5th district of Ware County thence north along the original land lines to the northwest corner of land lot 290 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land line to the southwest corner of land lot 310 in the southwest corner of land lot 312 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 471 to point and place of beginning That Alma Georgia shall be the county site of said county that the said county shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District and to ihe Waycross Judicial Circuit and to the Third Senatorial District That all the legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Bacon entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesdav in January 1915 at Alma Georgia the county site of said county elect an ordinary a plerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor county school superintendent and a county treasurer The limits of said county the congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is added shall be as above designated until changed by law The Superior Court of said county shall be held on the third Mondays in March and October That said county of Bacon is hereby declared to be a statutory county the General Assembly of the State of Georgia is hereby given the power by legislation to 198 ART U create local offices and local courts in the said county other than those provided for in this constitution and it is further declared that the General Assembly shall have the same power to legislate in reference to said county of Bacon that it has now as to other counties in the State That all laws applicable to the counties in this State are hereby made to apply to the said county of Bacon That said county of Bacon is hereby authorized to create a bonded debt not to exceed one hundred thousand dollars 100000 for public improvements in said county of Bacon by the consent of the majority of the regular qualified voters of said county of Bacon voting at an election for that purpose That said election to create said debt shall be held under law now in force for creation of the debt Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from portions of the counties of Bulloch and Tattnall and embraced within the following boundary lines Commencing at a point known as Johnsons Old Perry on the Canooehee river and running thence in a southwesterly direction along the boundary line between Liberty and Tattnall Counties to a point known as the Ford on Canooehee Cheek thence in a westerly direction a straight line to Jennie thence a westerly direction a straight line to Rogers Crossing at the intersection of the Bellville and Reidsville roads thence in a northerly direction in a straight line to a point on the Seaboard Air Line Railway half way between the towns of Bellville and Manassas thence northerly in the same direction in a straight line until it intersects the line of the proposed county of Candler thence along said line to the Canpochee River thence in a southerly direction down the Canooehee River to Kennedys Bridge thence in an easterly direction along the public road leading from Kennedys Bridge to Ada Belle on the Register and Glennville Railroad thence in an easterly direction along the old Dublin Road to the rightofway of the Dublin Railroad bed thence in a southeasterly direction down said rightofway to Scotts Creek thence in the same direction down Scotts Creek to its mouth in Lotts Creek thence in a southerly direction down Lotts Creek to its mouth in Canooehee River and from thence down Canooehee River in a southeasterly direction to the starting point at Johnsons Perry That the territory embraced in the foregoing boundary lines shall be known as and be named Evans County and the city of Claxton shall be the county site of the same That said proposed county shall be attached to the First Congressional District to the Atlantic Judicial 199 ART 11 Circuit and to the Second Senatorial District That all legal voters residing within the limits of said proposed county of Evans entitled under the laws of Georgia to vote for members of the General Assembly shall on the first Wednesday in January following the ratification by the people of this proposed amendment elect the following officers for the said county of Evans An ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county treasurer a county surveyor a county superintendent of public schools and three commissioners of roads and revenues said election to be held at Claxton the county site according to law That the Superior Courts of the said county of Evans shall be held on the fourth Mondays of January March June and October of each year and that the grand jury for said county of Evans shall serve at the January and June terms of said court each year providedhowever that the Judge of the Superior Court may in his discretion cause the grand jury of said county to be summoned at any term of said Superior Court That the limits of said county of Evans the congressional and State senatorial districts the judicial circuit to which said county of Evans is hereby attached the terms of the Superior Court of the same shall be as designated herein until changed by law provided that the laws ap plieable to new counties and not inconsistent or in conflict with the provisions of this Act as found in Section 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of Georgia 1910 are hereby made applicable to said county of Evans whenever said county is created and that said county shall be subject to all laws applicable to all other counties of this State Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from territory embraced in Coffee and Clinch Counties within the following boundary lines Beginning at the point where the southern boundary line of lot of land No 334 in the fifth land district of Coffee County intersects the middle of the run of Willacooehee Creek then follow said line directly east to the southeast corner of lot of land No 15 in the sixth land district of Coffee County thence southalong the eastern boundary of lot of land No 16 in the sixth land district of Coffee County to the southwest comer of said lot of land thenee along the land line directly east to where it intersects the middle of the run of the Satilla River thenee in a southeasterly direction along the run of the said Satilla River to where the same intersects the northern 200 AET 11 boundary of lot of land No 250 in the sixth 6 land district thence directly east along said line to where it intersects the Ware County line thence in a southerly direction along the Ware County line to the north side corner of lot of land No 234 is the seventh land district of Clinch County thence directly westward along the land line of said lot of land No 234 on the north to where it intersects the middle of the run of AlapahaBiver thence in a northerly direction along the middle of the run of the Alapaha Biver to the mouth of Willacoochee Creek thence along the middle of the run of Willacoochee Gteek to point of beginning That said new eounty shall be known at Atkinson County and the City of Pearson shall be the county seat thereof That said Atkinson County shall be attached to the eleventh Congressional District the Waycross Judicial Circuit and the Fifth Senatorial District That all the legal voters residing within the limits of the County of Atkinson entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia on the first Wednesday in December following the ratification of this proposed amendment shall elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court sheriff coroner tax collector tax receiver county surveyor and county treasurer for said new county said election to be held at the militia district courthouses at Willacoochee Pearson and Axson in the manner now provided by law for holding elections for county officers and said county officerseleet shall qualify and enter upon the discharge of their respective duties on the first day of January following their election and shall hold their offices for a term of two years or until their successors shall be duly elected and qualified That the Superior Courts of said Atkinson County shall be held on the fourth Mondays in January and June of each year That the Congressional and Senatorial Districts the judicial circuit to whieh said County of Atkinson is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Courts and the limits of the county shall remain as designated above until the same shall be changed by law Provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties found in sections 829 to 848 inclusive Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to the County of Atkinson and that said eounty shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State there is hereby created an additional county which county w en created shall be known as Treutlen County The territory 201 ARTx 11 for the formation of the said county of Treutlen shall be taken from the counties of Montgomery and Emanuel and the said territory so taken for the formation of said county of Treutlen shall be included within the following described boundaries towit Starting at a point on the east side of the Oconee River where Red Bluff Creek empties into the Oconee River and running up said Red Bluff Creek to a point where the river road crosses Red Bluff Creek thence on a straight line in a northeasterly direction to Wixtrum g Bridge on Pendleton Creek said Pendleton Creek being the present line between Montgomery and Emanuel Counties thence in a northerly direction from Wixtrums Bridge on Pendleton Creek to Moores Bridge on the Ohoopee River the public road from Wixtrums Bridge leading to Swainsboro being the line to said Moores Bridge on the Ohoopee River thence up the run of the Ohoopee River from Moores Bridge to MeLemores Bridge where the Savannah and Dublin public roads crosses the Ohoopee River thence in a westerly direction along said Savannah and Dublin public road to where said public road crosses the county line between Laurens and Emanuel Counties thence in a southwesterly direction along the county line between the present counties of Emanuel and Laurens to Pendleton Creek thence along the county line between Laurens and Montgomery Counties to Mercers Creek thence down Mercers Creek in a southwesterly direction to where Mercers Creek empties into the Oconee river thence down the Oconee river to the mouth of Rec Bluff Creek at the starting point That if the said county is created the county seat shall be at the town of Soperton now in the county of Montgomery That if this amendment shall be ratified by the people when the same is submitted to them for their ratification then on the first Wednesday in December 1918 an election shall be held for the election of county officers herein named to serve in and for said new county that said election shall be at the said election precincts existing within the limits of said proposed new county at the time this amendment shall take effect and be held during the hours now fixed by law for holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in the territory included in the limits of said proposed new county shall be qualified to vote at said election for said officers and the ordinaries of the several counties in which the election precincts are located within the limits of the said proposed new county at the time this amendment is to take effect shall eateh appoint the election managers for the preeincts in the county in which he exereises jurisdiction as ordinary and said 202 ART 11 managers shall take and subscribe the oath now prescribed by law and the election managers shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the town of Soperton the place herein designated as the county seat of said proposed new county and consolidate the vote cast at said election at such place within the limits of said town of Soperton as shall bedesignated by the judge of the Superior Courts of the Oconee Circuit whose duty it is hereby made to designate a meeting place for said election managers within the corporate limits of said town of Soperton and the general law of this State now ii force as to the consolidation of votes the return of the election and the commission of the officers shall be applicable to such spe cial election herein provided for The officers to be elected at said election shall be an ordinary clerk of the Superior Court sheriff tax collector tax receiver coroner county surveyor county treasurer county superintendent of education and member of the General Assembly that the persons who shall be elected to fill said offices at said election shall be commsisioned as now required by law and the laws now in force in this State in regard to commissions for officers and the bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected and they shall hold their offices until the next general election for county officers and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any statutory offices or statutory courts and provide for filling the same Vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of said offices shall be filled as now provided by law That said new county when created shall become a part of the twelfth Congressional District and sixteenth Senatorial District and shall be included in the Oconee Judicial Circuit and a Superior Court for said county is hereby created which court shall have the same jurisdiction as now provided by law for the Superior Courts of this State that the said court until otherwise changed by law shall be held on the third Mondays of February and August of each year but the General Assembly is hereby expressly given the power to change the terms of said court and to increase the number thereof that the justices of the peace and constables residing within the territory included within the new County of Treutlen shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out for said county of Treutlen as now provided by law That the provisions of Chapter 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to said proposed county of Treutlen and that all the general laws of this State in reference to holding elections for the 203 pirpof creating debt and that the said pre Treutlen shall when created become m all respee s county and shall be governedby all laws now in force in this State relating to counties and county affairs and shall be su JJec legislative control of this State and the Legislature of this State is hereby given power to enact laws in reference to said county in the same manner and the same extent that they have the power to legislate as to the other counties now existing in this State that the property of all taxpayers included within the limits as herein defined of the said proposed county of Treutlen is hereby made chargeable with any debt that may have been incurred by any o the counties from which the territory included in the new county is taken by the legally constituted authorities of the county for the purpose of raising revenues for the benefit of either of said counties whether the said debt is a bonded debt or one which has been incurred for the benefit in any way of either of the counties The value of the taxable property included in the said county of Jfreutlen at the time of tfie adoption of this amendment to the Constitution in proportion to tiie value of the property left in the counties from which the said county of Treutlen is taken shall determine the proportionate amount of the debt which shall be put upon the prop erty of the taxpayers located in said proposed new county Authority is hereby given to the ordinary of the said county of Treutlen and to the officers of the counties from which said territory is taken who are charged with the management of the business of the said counties to settle and agree upon an amount of the said indebtedness that shall be assumed and paid by the said county of Treutlen and it is hereby made the duty of the ordinary of said county of Treutlen when the amount of said debt is so ascertained to cause a tax to be levied upon all the property within the limits of the said county of Treutlen of such per cent as will be sufficient to discharge said debt and in the event of the failure or refusal of the ordinary of Treutlen County to levy such tax it shall be the duty of the judge of the Superior Court of the circuit of which the said county of Treutlen forms a part to eompel the ordinary of the county pf Treutlen to perform the duty herein required of him In the event of the failure of the authorities of the said county of Treutlen to ascertain the proportionate part of said debt the said County of Treutlen is hereby required to pay or in the event the authorities of the counties fail to agree upon the amount of said debt then either of said counties may bring a suit against the said county of 204 AJX JLJ n Treutlen in the Superior Court of said county for the purpose 0having the proportion of said debt so assumed by the said county of Treutlen to be ascertained and the said eourt is hereby given power to enforce whatever judgment may be had as the result of said trial by compelling the ordinary of said county to levy a tax for the payment of said debt Par II That section 846 of the Code of 1910 in reference to the registration of voters is hereby expressly made applicable to said county and in addition to the provision contained in said section it is hereby made the duty of the ordinaries of the severs counties in the territory included in said county to furnish to the election managers the names of all persons legally registered and who reside in the territory included in the said county of Treutlen and who are qualified to vote according to the laws of this State That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State there is hereby created an additional county which county when created shall be known as Cook County The territory for the formation of said county of Cook shall be taken from the county of Berrien and the territory so taken for the formation of said new county of Cook shall be included within the following described boundaries towit Starting at a point where the Willaeoochee River crosses the county line between the counties of Berrien and Lowndes thence running a northerly direction along the run of said Willaeoochee River to where saijfr river intersects with New River thence taking a northwesterly direction up and along the run of said New River to where said New River crosses the county line between the counties of Berrien and Tift thence westward along what is now the county line between said counties of Berrien and Tift to where said county line crosses the run of the Little River thence a southerly direction and southeasterly direction down and along the run of said Little river to where the same reaches the county line between the counties of Lowndes and of Berrien thence eastward along said county line between the said counties of Lowndes and Berrien to where same crosses the run of said Willaeoochee River that being the starting point That when said county is created the county seat for the same shall be the town of Adel now in said county of Berrien There shall be on the first Wednesday in December an election for the county officers herein named in and for said new county to be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of 205 ART 11 said new county during the usual hours of holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in said territorysha 11 be quali fied to vote at said election and the ordinary of Berrien County the county in which said election precincts are located shall appoint the election managers for such precincts and the managers of the election shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the city haU in the town of Adel and consolidate the vote for the county officers and the general laws now in force as to the consolidation of the votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to officers elected at such special elections herein provided for that the officers to be elected at said special election herein provided for shall be an ordinary clerk of the Superior Court sheriff tax collector tax receiver coroner county surveyor and county treasurer that said officers shall be commissioned as now required by law and all laws now in force is this State to commission officers and for bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected that the officers elected at said election shall hold their offices until the next general election for county officers throughout the State and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any additional statutory offices in said county or statutory courts and to provide by law for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of the offices created thus for said county may be filled as now provided by law The said county of Cook shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District the Southern Judicial Circuit and the Sixth Senatorial District but it shall be in the power of the General Assembly at any time to change the Judicial Circuit to which said county of Cook is attached and the said General Assembly of Georgia is hereby given power to change said county of Cook in arranging Congressional and Senatorial districts as is now provided by law That the Superior Courts in said county of Cook shall be held on the first Mondays in March and September of each year but it shall be within the power of the General Assembly at any time by law to change the time of holding court and the number of terms thereof That the Justice of the Peace and Constables residing in the territory included within the new county of Cook shall exercise the duties and powers of their office until new militia districts are laid out in said county of Cook as now provided by law That all the provisions of the law1 as contained in Chapter Thirteen 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby piade applicable to the said county of 206 ART 11 y Cook whenever the same is created That all of the general laws in this State in addition to the above having application to the statutory counties of this State are hereby made applicable to the said eounty of Cook especially the law in reference to holding elections for the purpose of creating a debt for said county That the county of Cook shall become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State regulating county and county affairs Par III County lines shall not be changed unless under the operation of a general law for that purpose Par IY No eounty site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the eounty voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly Par Y Any eounty may be dissolved and merged with contiguous counties by a twothirds vote of the qualified electors of such eounty voting at an election held for that purpose Section II Paragraph I The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their office for four years They shall be removed on conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible to any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless he shall have been a resident of the eounty for two years and is a qualified voter Provided that the provisions of this amendment shall not become effective until January lst 1917 Section III Paragraph I Whatever tribunal or officers may hereafter be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of eounty matters shall be uniform throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for the appointment of commissioners of roads and revenue in any county and may abolish the office of county treasurer in any county or fix the compensation of county treasurers and such compensation may be fixed without regard to uniformity of such compensation in the various counties Section IY Paragraph I The City of Atlanta shall be the capital of the State until changed by the same authority and the same way that is provided for the alteration of this Constitution 207 v ABTICLE XII The Laws op General Operation in Force in This State Section It Paragraph I The laws of general operation in this State are First as the supreme law The Constitution of the United States the laws of the United States in pursuance thereof and all treaties made under the authority of the United States Par II Second as next in authority thereto this Constitution Par III Third in subordination to the foregoing All laws now of force in this State not inconsistent with this Constitution and the ordinances of this Convention shall remain of force until the same are modified or repealed by the General Assembly The tax acts and appropriation acts passed by the General Assembly of 1877 and approved by the Governor of the State and not inconsistent with the Constitution are hereby continued in force until altered by law Par IV Local and private acts passed for the benefit of counties cities tpwns corporations and private persons not inconsistent with the supreme law nor with this Constitution and whieh have not expired nor been repealed shall have the foree of statute law subject to judicial decision as to their validity when passed and to any limitations imposed by their own terms Par V All rights privileges and immunities which may have vested in or accrued to any person orpersons or corporations in his her or their own right or in any fiduciary capacity under and in virtue of any act of the General Assembly or any judgment decree or order or other proceeding of any court of competent jurisdiction in this State heretofore rendered shall be held inviolate by all courts before which they may be brought in question unless attacked for fraud Par VI All judgments decrees orders and other proceedings of the several courts of this State heretofore made within the limits of their several jurisdictions are hereby ratified and affirmed subject only to reversal by motion for a new trial appeal bill of review or other proceeding in conformity with the law of force when they lyere made Par VII The officers of the government now existing shall continue in the exercise of their several functions until their success ors are duly elected or appointed and qualified but nothing herein is to apply to any officer whose office may be abolished by this Constitution Par VIII The ordinances of this Convention shall have the 208 AUT 13 force of laws until otherwise provided by the General Assembly except the ordinances in reference to submitting the homestead and Capital question to a vote of the people which ordinances after being voted on shall have the effect of constitutional provisions ARTICLE XIII Amendments to the Constitution Section I Paragraph ij Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon And the General Assembly shall cause such amendment Or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional district for two months previous to the tinie of holding the next general election and shall also provide for a submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately Par II No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each house of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable Section II Paragraph I The Constitution shall be submitted for ratification or rejection to the electors of the State at an election to be held on the first Wednesday in December one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven in the several election districts M this State at which election every person shall be entitled to vote who is entitled j to vote for the members of the General Assembly under the constitution and laws of force at the date of such election said election to be held and conducted as is now provided by law for holding elections for members of the General Assembly All persons voting at said election in favor of adopting the Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words For Ratification and all per 209 sons opposed to the adoption of this Constitution shall write or have nrinted on their ballots the words Against Ratification Par II The votes east at said election shall be consolidated in each of the counties of the State as is now required by law in elections for members of the General Assembly and returns thereof made to the Governor and should a majority of all the votes caet at said election be in favor of ratification he shall declare the said Constitution adopted and make proclamation of the result of said selection by publication in one or more newspapers in each Congressional district of the State but should a majority of the votes cast be against ratification he shall in the same manner proclaim the said Constitution rejected ORDINANCES STATE CAPITAL Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled 1 That the question of the location of the capital of this State be kept out of the Constitution to be adopted by this Convention 2 That at the first general election hereafter held for members of the General Assembly every voter may indorse on his ballot Atlanta or Milledgeville and the one of these places receiving the largest number of votes shall be the capital of the State until changed by the same authority and in the same way that may be provided for the alteration of the Constitution that may be adopted by the Convention whether said Constitution be ratified or rejected And that every person entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the present Constitution and laws of this State shall be entitled to vote under this ordinance and in the event of the rejection of said constitution shall should a majority of votes east be in favor of MUledgeville then this provision to operate and take effect as an amendment to the present Constitution HOMESTEAD Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled and it is hereby ordained by authority of the same 1 That the article adopted by the Convention on the subject of homestead and exemption shall not form a part of this Constitution except as hereinafter provided 2 At the election held for the ratification or rejection of this 210 Constitution it shall be lawful for each voter to have written or printed on his ballot the words Homestead of 1877 or the words Homestead of 1868 3 In the event that a majority of the ballots so cast have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1877 then said article so adopted by this Convention shall form a part of the Con stitution so submitted shall not be ratified then the article on homestead and exemptions so adopted as aforesaid by this Convention shall supersede Article Seven of the Constitution of 1868 on the subject of homestead and exemptions and form a part of this Constitution 4 If a majority of the ballots so cast as aforesaid shall have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1868 then Article Seventh of the Constitution of 1868 shall supersede the article on homestead and exemptions adopted by this Convention and shall be incorporated in and form a part of the Constitute nso submitted and ratified JUDICIAL CIRCUITS There shall be sixteen judicial circuits in this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to organize and proportion the ame m such manner as to equalize the business and labor of the judges in said several circuits as far as may be practicable But the General Assembly shall have power hereafter to reorganize increase or diminish the number of circuits Providedhowever that the circuits shall remain as now organized until changed by law SIGNING AND RATIFICATION Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled 1 That the Constitution as adopted and revised be enrolled and signed by the officers and members of this Convention 2 That the Governor shall issue his proclamation ordering an eieetion for members of the General Assembly and a vote upon the ratification or rejection of this Constitution as therein provided and a vote upon the capital and homestead questions as provided by the ordinances of this Convention Read and adopted in Convention August 25th 1877 Attest C J JENKINS President Constitutional Convention JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary VOID BONDS NOT TO BE PAID Neither the General Assembly nor any other authority or officer 211 of this State shall ever have power to pay or recognize as legal or in any sense valid or binding upon the State any direct bonds or currency bonds gold bonds or the States alleged guaranty or indorsement of any railroad bonds or any other bonds guaranties or indorsements heretofore declared to be illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature of the State or that may be declared illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature originating this amendment viz The State gold bonds issued under the Act of October 17th 1870 in aid of the Brunswick and Albany Railroad Company the currency bonds issued under the Act of August 27th 1870 the quarterly gold bonds issued under the Act of September 15th 1870 which are enumerated in the Act of August 23d 1872 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Brunswick and Albany Railroad Company made under the Act of March 18th 1869 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Cartersville and Van Wert Railroad Company and of the Cherokee Railroad Company the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Bainbridge Cuthbert and Columbus Railroad Company and all other bonds guaranties or indorsements declared illegal fraudulent or void as herein provided Nor shall any General Assembly ever have power to provide for the reindorsement of such railroad bonds or to place the States guaranty upon the same or to provide for the indorsement or guaranty by the State of any new bonds issued in lieu of or to pay off or retire such railroad bonds by any railroad company or to issue bonds of the State to such railroad companies or other persons in payment or in lieu of such indorsed bonds or other bonds herein declared illegal or to lend the aid or credit of the State by any aet resolution or law to such railroad companies or to other incorporated companies or persons acquiring or succeeding to the rights and franchises of said companies or to buy the railroads of such companies or to submit the question of the liability of the State upon any of the bonds or indorsements upon bonds or other guaranty herein declared illegal fraudulent and void or upon any elaim for money advanced upon said bonds indorsements or guaranties or expended by said companies or other person in and about the construction of said railroads to the decision of any court tribunal or person whatever or to pay assume or secure directly Or indirectly by any act resolution or law any money advanced or claimed to have been advanced on the bonds indorsements or guaranties herein declared invalid I v 212 INDEX to the CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA Note Reference in the Index are made to the Article Section and Paragraph of the provision referred to the original division of the instrument being strictly followed n oi tne m Absent naembers of Legislature attendance of compelled 344 Abuse under arrest or in prison prohibited i 19 Of liberty of speech or press responsibility for 1 1 15 Academy incorporated exempt from taxation 7 2 2 Acceptors suits against where tried 6 jg g Account of Treasurer to be published quarterly 3 7 j j Accusation copy to be furnished defendant on demand 115 Acts amending or repealing must describe the law affected 3 7 17 Local and private authority of 12 1 4 Must be signed by President of Senate and Speaker of House 3 7 13 Requiring twothirds voteyeas and nays must be v recorded 3 7 2i Adjournment of Legislature by less than a majority 3 4 4 Consent of both Houses required when 3 7 24 Houses failing to agree Governor may adjournthem 3 7 24 Resolutions of notsubmitted to Governor 5 1 17 Ad valorem Tax on property shall be 7 2 1 Aged and infirm persons entitled to Homestead 9 1 1 Aid of State to any religious denomination prohibited 1 1 14 To any person or corporation by lending credit or taking stock prohibited 7 g j To any person or corporation by donation or gratuity prohibited 7 fg j Aid of County or City to person or corporation prohib I ited 7 6 1 Amendments to Appropriation and Revenue bills by Senate 3 7 10 To Constitution 23 j To statue or code form of amendment act 3 7 17 213 A S Animals special tax may be imposed on vicious ones 7 2 Appeal frdm one jury to another in Superior and City Courts 6 4 From Ordinary to Superior Courtv 6 6 From Justice of the Peace to Jury or Superior Court 6 7 Appellate Jurisdiction of the Superior Court 6 4 Appointment of Legislator to another office prohibited 3 4 By Governor to fill vacancies 5 1 Rejected by Senate effect of 5 1 Of State School Commissioner 8 2 Apportionment of Representatives how changed 3 3 Appropriation Acts authority of 12 1 Bills general and special 3 7 Bills must originate in House of Representatives 3 7 Bills yeas and nays must be recorded on 3 7 Bills may be approved in part 5 1 Necessary to authorize payment by Treasurer 3 7 For University of Georgia and College for colored pupils 8 6 Approval of Governor to Bills 5 1 Of Governor to Resolutions and Orders 5 1 Arms right of citizens to bearmanner of bearing 1 1 Army of the State Governor is Commander of 5 1 Arrest abuse under prohibited 1 1 Punishment for rescue from under order either House 3 7 Privilege of Elector from 2 3 Privilege of member Legislature from 3 7 Artificial limbs for Confederate soldiers7 1 Assemble right of people to do so guaranteed 1 1 Associate Justice of Supreme Court 6 2 Atlanta City Court of errors corrected jn Supreme Court 6 2 Attainder bill of prohibited 1 3 Attendance of members of the Legislature compelled 3 4 Attendance of members of Legislature privileges during 3 7 Attorney right to defend or prosecute by 1 1 Right of Defendant in criminal cases to have 1 1 General election of 6 10 General duties 6 10 General salary 1 6 13 General qualifications 6 14 Authority of Constitution treaties laws judgments etc 12 1 214 p 1 6 1 2 4 7 14 15 1 2 3 9 10 12 16 11 1 16 17 22 11 9 2 1 3 1 24 1 5 2 4 3 4 5 1 2 1 1 B A S P Bail shall not be excessive 1 l 9 Ballot election by the people shall be by 2 1 1 Banishment beyond the State prohibited 1 1 1 7 Banks may be incorporated by the Legislature 7 18 Bequests may be received by the University of Georgia 8 6 1 Bills number of readings necessary before passage 3 7 7 Majority of all members in favor of necessary to passage 3 7 14 Rejected not again proposed without consent of twothirds 3 7 13 Appropriation and Revenue must originate in House 3 7 10 Appropriations general and special requisites of 3 7 9 Appropriations must be passed by yeas and naysa 3 7 12 Revision of by Governor Vetohow overruled 5 1 16 See Local Bills also Acts Bond required of Secretary of Senate and Clerk of House 3 8 1 Required of Secretary of State ComptrollerGen eral and Treasurer 5 2 6 Required of Public Printer 7 17 1 Bonded debt not to be increased 7 12 1 Sale of States property to be applied to 7 13 1 Of county or city provisions for meeting 7 7 2 Bonds in cases involving an interested Judge cannot preside 6 2 3 Of State declared void not to be paid or submitted to suit 7 11 1 Of Western Atlantic Railroad paid by proceeds I of Roadj7 13 1 Boundaries of countries to remain as now till changed bylaw 11 1 1 Bribery Conviction of disqualifies for office or voting 2 2 1 Bridges established by the courts not Legislature 3 7 18 Bridges Ordinarys jurisdiction in matter of 6 6 2 Bridges taxation by county to keep up 7 6 2 Borrowing money by State laws for must specify purposef 7 4 1 Buildings public exempt from taxation 7 2 2 Public tax by county to maintain 7 6 2 Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2 Burial places exempt from tax 7 2 2 215 c A 8 P Canal Companies may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18 Capital location of ordinance concerning 12 1 8 Capital site for may be donated to the State 7 6 1 Censure of members of Legislature for misconduct 3 7 1 Certiorari writs of may be issued by Judge Superior Court 6 4 5 Challenge of voter oath to be administered 2 1 2 Conviction of sending or accepting disqualifies for office 2 4 2 Chartiable institutions public exempt from taxation 7 2 2 Public aid from county or city 7 6 1 Charter of Corporations amended on conditions 4 2 3 Chief Justice of Supreme Court presides in impeachment trialssee Supreme Court 3 5 4 Children legitimatized and names changed by the Courts 3 7 18 Church not to receive money from the State 1 1 14 Citizns of the State who are and right to protection 1 1 25 Of the State entitled to vote when 2 1 1 City aid by donation or taking stock prohibited 7 6 1 Consent before Street Railroad can be built in 3 7 20 Courts of the State need not be uniform6 9 1 Court appeals and new trials in 6 4 6 Courts errors corrected in Supreme Court 6 2 5 Court Judge may serve in Supreme Court when 6 5 1 Debt to be incurred by limited 7 7 1 Debt bonded provisions for meeting 7 7 2 Debt not to be assumed by State 7 8 1 Debt to be incurred only by authority of City Government 7 10 1 Public schools may be maintained by tax 8 4 1 Civil authority superior to the military 1 1 19 Cases where tried 616 6 Cases judgement by Court without Jury when 6 4 7 Cases venue how changed 6 17 1 Jurisdiction of Superior Court 6 4 3 Jurisdiction of Justices Court 6 7 2 Clerical expenses of Treasurer Secretary of State and ComptrollerGeneral 5 22 34 Clerk of House of Representatives Compensation and Bond of 3 8 1 Clerks of the Governor 5 1 19 216 A S P Code sections not amended or repealed by reference to numbers 3 7 17 College 3 exempt from taxation 7 2 2 For colored pupils 8 6 1 Colored pupils College for 8 6 1 Colored and white public Schools to be separate 8 11 Commissioner of Schools appointed and salary ofS 8 2 1 Commissioners of county affairs authorized 6 19 1 Commissioners of county affairs authorized 11 3 1 Committee on Local and Special bills 3 7 5 Common Law Courts may be clothed with equity jurisdiction 6 5 2 Common School systemsee Education 8 1 1 Commutation power in the Governor 5 1 12 Tax for military services goes to Schools 8 3 1 Companies incorporation of 3 7 18 Volunteer military organization of 10 1 2 Compensation for private ways and public use of property 1 3 1 Of Clerk of House and Secretary of Senate 3 8 1 Of Jurors how fixed 6 18 Extra not be granted officers or contractors 7 16 2 Competition arrangements by corporations to defeat void 424 ComptrollerGeneral must license Life Insurance Companies 3 12 2 Supervise deposits of Life Insurance Companies 3 12 3 Officers of Executive Department 5 1 1 Examination suspension and discharge of 5 1 18 Election of 5 2 1 Salary and Clerks hire 5 2 4 Eligibility and Bond of 6 2 6 Perquisites not allowed to 5 2 7 Must report to Governor 7 15 1 Confederate Soldiers pensions for 7 11 Public debt not to be paid 7 11 1 Conscience right of not to be controlled 1 1 12 Liberty of does not excuse licentiousness 1 l 13 Consent of parties to vary general law in individual cases 1 4 1 City to building Street Railroads within its limits 3 7 20 217 A 8 F Constitution of Georgia may be altered or abolished by the people1 5 1 Authority of 12 1 1 Amendments of 13 1 Amendments by Convention 13 1 2 To be submitted to the people 13 2 1 And United Stateslaws in violation of void 1 4 2 And United States authority of 12 1 1 Constitutional Convntion provisions to call 13 1 2 Construction of Constitution not to deny rights not enumerated 1 5 5 Contempt limitation of Courts power to punish for 1 1 20 Either House of General Assembly may punish for 3 7 2 Contested Election for Governor 5 1 6 Contracts laws impairing obligation of void 1 3 2 By Goverment releasing power to tax void 4 1 1 By Goverment heretofore made not impaired 4 2 6 Between corporations defeat competition void 4 2 4 Judgments on without verdict when 6 4 7 Jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of 6 7 2 Contractor not to receive extra compensation from Government 7 16 2 Conventionsee Constitutional Convention and Ordinances Conviction costs not to be exacted of defendant until 1 1 10 Does not work corruption or forfeiture 12 3 Of certain offenses disfranchises 2 2 1 Impeachment vote necessary 3 5 4 Dueling disqualifies for office 2 4 2 Copartners suits against where tried 6 16 4 Coroners County Tax to pay 7 6 2 Corporate powers what may be granted by Legislature 3 7 18 Corporators not to be damaged by revocation of charter 1 3 3 Corporations subject to police power and eminent domain 4 2 2 Legislation in favor of conditional 4 2 3 Acte of to defeat competition and monopolize void 4 2 4 Rights to tax not to be released 7 2 5 State not to take stock in aid or lend credit to 7 5 1 County or City not to take stock in aid or lend credit to 7 6 1 218 CorporationsContinued a s p Donations to from State prohibited 7 10 1 Authority of rights already accrued to 12 1 5 Municipalsee City Costs not payable by defendant till conviction 1 io In Supreme Court 6 21 L County Commissioners may be created 6 19 j l 11 3 1 Debt to be incurred by limited 7 7 1 Debt not to be assumed by State 7 g 2 Debt bonded provisions for meeting 7 7 1 Not to aid or take stock in Corporation 7 6 1 Public Schools may be maintained by 8 4 1 Matters Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2 Officers election term qualification and removal 11 2 1 Officers and tribunals to be uniform in the State 11 3 1 Is a body corporate suits of and boundaries 11 1 1 New one not to be created H j 2 Lines and site how changed 11 1 34 Merger of 2 5 Special acts authority of 22 1 4 Corruption of blood not worked by conviction 1 2 3 Courts power to punish for contempt limited 1 1 20 Power in matters denied to Legislature 3 7 ig Of the State 0 2 l Not mentioned in Constitution may be abolished 6 20 7 Of Common Law may be vested with equity jurisdiction 0 n Of same grade throughout State must be uniform 6 9 1 Courts tax to pay 6xpenses of 7 0 2 Jurisdiction against Homestead denied 9 2 1 Authority of judgments and decrees of 12 1 5 Existing judgments and decrees of ratified 12 1 6 See also Supreme Superior City and Justice Courts Credit of State not to be pledged to Corporations or persons 7 g 2 Creditors law to be provided for reaching concealed property of debtor 2 2 6 Not to be da maged by revocation of Charter 1 3 3 219 I Crime conviction in what cases disfranchises A 2 s 2 p 1 Lobbying declared to De 1 5 5 Criminal cases Jury judges of law and fact 1 2 1 Judge may grant new trial conviction 1 2 1 Jurisdiction of Superior Court 6 1 4 1 Rights of defendant in 1 1 5 Where tried 6 16 6 Venue when changed 6 17 1 D Damages jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of 6 7 1 Death of Governor vacancy how filled 5 1 1 Officer vacancy how filled 5 1 14 Debate liability of Legislators for words spoken in 3 7 3 Debts Public taxation to pay 711 Public new debt contracted to pay 7 3 1 Power of State to contract restricted 7 3 1 Of County taxation to pay 7 6 2 Power of City or County to Contract restricted 7 7 1 To be incurred by City only on authority of City Government 7 10 1 Of County or City not to be assiimed by State 7 8 1 Void and Confederate against State not to be paid 711 1 Debtor Concealing Property provisions against 12 6 May waive Homestead 9 3 1 May waive Exemptions of the old Code 9 5 1 Decrees of Court authority and ratification of 12 1 56 Defaulters of public moneys disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7 Defend or prosecute in person or by attorney right to 114 Dfense under oath not filed Court to render judgment when 6 4 7 Of State debts may be contracted for 7 3 1 Deficiency of Revenue in State supplied by borrowing 7 3 1 Of Revenue in City and County supplied by borrowing 7 7 1 Deposit required of Insurance Companies 3 12 Of public funds Treasurer to receive no profit from 5 2 5 Disabilities may be removed by Governor 5 1 12 Discrimination in Tariff by Railroad regulated 4 2 1 Disorderly behavior in presence of Legislature punished 3 7 12 220 Disqualification to hold office or vote Religious opinion is not To hold office in more than one department Of illegal holders of public money Of duelists For Legislature and of legislator tb other office Resulting from impeachment Of Judge or Supreme Court who presides Judge of Superior Court who presides Judge of Superior Court when there is a City Judge Of interested Judge in bond cases District Senatorial number composition and change of Divorce exclusive juridiction in Superior Court First and second verdicts in cases of Suits where tried Domestic animals of vicious nature special tax on Animals tax on goes to educational purposes Donations by State prohibited By State to University allowed Drawer and Acceptor suits against where tried Dueling conviction of disqualifies for office A s F 2 2 1 1 1 13 1 1 13 2 4 1 2 4 2 3 4 7 3 5 5 6 2 2 6 4 9 6 5 1 6 2 3 3 21 23 6 4 1 6 15 12 6 16 1 7 2 1 8 1 1 7 16 1 8 6 1 8 16 5 2 2 E Education Common School System established 8 1 1 Commissioner of Public Schools 8 2 1 Confined to English in local public schools 7 6 2 Confined to English in State public schools 8 1 1 Poll Tax for purpose of 7 2 3 Special Tax for purposes of 8 3 1 Taxation for purposes of by State 7 1 1 Taxation for purposes of by City or County 7 6 2 Appropriations for purposes of by City or County 7 6 1 Election by the people shall be by ballot 2 1 1 By the Legislature shall be viva voce 3 10 1 Days furnishing Liquor on prohibited 2 5 1 Privilege of Electors while attending 2 3 1 Precincts changed by Courts not Legislature 3 7 18 Returns where made 2 6 1 Of members General Assembly 3 4 2 Members General Assembly each house to judge 01 3 7 1 221 ElectionContinued President of the Senate Speaker of the House of Representatives Governor Governor returns how made Returns opened and published Governor by General Assembly Contestedi Specialii To fill vacancies in General Assembly Of Secretary of State CompGenl and Treasurer Judges oif Supreme Court Judges of Superior Court Judges of Supreme Superior Courts and SolGenl Justices of the Peac AttorneyGeneral By City or County on creating a new Debt City or County on School question it To change County Site Merge one County into another Election of County officers On amndmeints to Constitution Ratification of Constitution Electors who shall be so deemed Registration of may be provided for Privileges of while attending elections Embezzlement of public funds disfranchises Eminent Domain not to be abridged in favor of Corporations Encumbrances Homestead liable for removal of Endorsers suits against where tried Equal Rights not to be infringed by Corporations Equity Cases where tried Jurisdiction is in Superior Court Jurisdiction may be conferred on Common Law Courts Errors in Superior and City Courts corrected in Supreme Court Of inferior judicatories corrected by Certiorari Estate not forfeited by Conviction Excessive Bail and Fines forbiddfen A s p 3 5 2 3 6 2 5 1 3 5 1 4 5 1 5 5 1 5 5 1 6 5 1 9 5 1 13 5 2 1 6 2 4 6 3 2 6 12 1 6 7 3 6 10 1 7 7 1 8 4 1 11 1 4 11 1 5 11 2 1 13 1 1 13 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 2 4 2 2 9 2 1 6 16 5 4 2 1 6 16 3 6 4 1 6 4 2 6 2 5 6 4 5 1 2 3 1 1 9 222 A S P Executive Legislative and Judicial Department are distinct 1 1 23 Department officers of 5 1 1 Department officers of report suspension and removal of 5 1 18 Powers vested in Governor 5 1 2 Exemption from Taxation and void Exemption 7 22 45 From Levy and Sale 9 1 1 From Levy and Sale waiver of 9 3 1 From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act not repealed 9 4 1 From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act waiver 9 5 1 Exhibitions special tax on goes to public schools 8 3 1 Expense of Clerks and Secretaries to Governor 5 1 18 Of Clerks of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer 5 22 34 Ex Post Facto Law not to be passed 13 2 Express Companies chartered by Legislature 3 7 18 Expulsion of Member of General Assembly for misconduct 3 7 1 Extra session of Legislature before November 1st 1878 3 4 3 Sessions of Legislature may be called by Governor 1 5 1 13 Compensation not to be allowed by Government 7 16 2 V Family each Head of entitled to Homestead 9 111 Fees not allowed officers of Executive Department 5 2 7 Not allowed AttorneyGeneral 6 13 1 Felony exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1 Femalfes persons having care of entitled to Homestead 9 1 1 Ferries established by Courts not Legislature 3 7 18 Ordinarys jurisdiction concerning 6 6 2 Fines imposed must not be excessive 119 Imposer on member of Legislature for misconduct 3 7 1 Fire Insurance Companies deposit Required of 3 12 4 Foreign Power Governor to receive no Emolument from 5 1 2 Forfeiture of Estate not brought about by conviction 1 2 3 Of Recognizance relieved against when 3 7 19 Of Charter remitted only on conditions 4 2 3 Fraud Legislature may provide Punishment for 1 2 6 Judgments attacked for 12 1 5 223 A S P Free Schoolssee Education 8 11 Freight on Railroads subject to regulation by law 4 2 1 Rebate not allowed nor deceit as to amount charged 4 2 5 Furniture Waiyer ofExemption not good against all 9 3 1 Funds of county Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2 Of Public officers not to profit from use of 7 9 1 Sinking provided for 7 14 1 G GENERAL ASSEMBLY Consisting of Senate and House is the Legislative power 3 1 1 Members of elected for two years 3 4 1 Election when held 3 4 2 Election returns where made 2 6 1 Attendance of required 3 4 4 Oath of 3 4 5 Who are disqualified to be 3 4 7 Disqualified for certain other offices 3 4 7 Not to profit from use of public funds 7 9 1 Not to be interested in public printing 7 17 1 Seats of vacated by removal 3 4 8 Punished for misconduct in each House 3 7 1 Privileges of 3 7 3 Per diem and mileage of 3 9 1 Majority of all necessary to passage of bill 3 7 14 Officers of who are 3 8 1 Quorum of to transact buisness 3 4 4 Adjournment by less than a quorum 3 4 4 Adjournment for more than three days etc 3 37 24 Elections by shall be viva voce 3 10 1 Of Judges of Supreme Court by 1st election 6 2 4 Of Judges of Superior Court by 1st election 6 3 2 Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral 6 12 1 Of Governor by when 5 15 Of Governor contested determined by 5 1 6 May pardon commute or reprieve for treason 5 1 12 May direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3 1 Sessions of are annual 3 4 3 Of limited to 50 days 3 4 6 224 I General AssemblyContinued Of extra may be called by Governor Of joint held in Representative Hall Each House of may compel attendance of members Is judge of elecn and qualificatn of its members May punish for misconduct Mu keep a Journal Has general power of legislation HAS POWER BY LAW TO J Provide punishment for fraud For registration of votersj For removal Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer For appeals in Superior and City Courts For appointments of Judge pro hac vice Commissioners for county affairs For organizing the Militia Prescribe manner of bearing arms Number of Jurors in Inferior Courts Who shall vote on School questions Change Senatorial Districts when Apportionment of Representatives Governors Salary by twothirds vote Salaries of Judges Attorneys and SolicitorsGeneral Substitute another officer for School Commissioner Establish Courts Abolish Courts not named in Constitution Confer Equity jurisdiction on Common Law Courts Authorize formation of Volunteer Companies Require Fire Insurance Companies to make deposit Subject corporate property to public use when Sell States property Make donations to University of Georgia Make donations to College for colored people Amend Constitution in manner provided Call Constitutional Convention as provided SHALL BY LAW Limit power of Courts to punish for Contempt Protect citizens in their right Provide penalty against Lottery Agents A s P 5 1 13 3 10 1 3 4 4 3 7 1 3 7 12 3 7 4 3 7 22 1 2 6 2 2 1 5 1 18 6 4 6 6 4 9 6 19 1 10 1 1 1 1 22 6 18 1 8 4 1 3 2 3 3 3 2 5 1 2 6 13 2 8 2 1 6 1 1 6 20 2 6 4 2 10 1 2 3 12 4 4 2 1 7 13 1 8 6 1 8 6 1 13 1 1 13 1 2 1 1 20 1 1 25 1 2 4 225 I General AssemblyContinued A S P Provide penalty against Lobbying 1 2 5 Prohibit furnishing Liquor on election days 3 5 1 Provide penalty against Treasurer receiving unlawful fee 7 5 2 5 Provide for reaching concealed property of Debtor 12 6 Compel Insurance Companies to report to Governor 3 12 5 Regulate Freight and Passenger Tariff 4 r 2 1 Enforce provisions against monopolies etc 4 2 7 Establish uniformity in local tribunals 6 9 1 Provide for selection and compensation of jurors 6 18 23 A sinking fund 7 14 1 For letting Public Printing to highest bidder 7 17 1 Setting apart and valuation of Homestead 9 4 1 For appeals in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6 I SHALL NOT PASS ANY LAW To restrain or curtail liberty of speech or press 1 1 15 Respecting social status of citizens 1 1 18 Of Attainder ex post facto impairing contracts 1 3 2 Making irrevocable grants of special privileges 1 3 2 To revoke grants to injury of creditors of corporators 1 3 3 Of special nature when general law provides 1 4 1 Varying general law affecting private rights without consent 1 4 1 In violation of Constitution of Georgia or the United States 1 4 2 Referring to more than one matter or different form title 3 7 8 Incorporating companies except for class named 3 7 18 Relieving against recognizances except as stated 3 7 19 Authorizing Street Railroad in city without citys consent 3 7 20 For benefit of particular corporations except on conditions 4 2 3 Authorizing one corporation to buy stock in another County or City to aid persons or corporations 7 6 1 Payment of void bonds or Confederate debts 7 11 1 Granting donation or gratuity to persons or corporations 7 17 1 Extra compensation to officer or contractors 7 16 2 See Tax 226 A 8 P God may be worshipped according to dictates of conscience 1 1 12 Governor an officer of the Executive Department 5 1 1 Executive powers vested in 5 1 2 Salary term and limitations of terms of office 5 12 Election installation and terms of election of 5 1 14 Of by the Legislature when 5 l 5 Qualification and oath of 5 17 10 Death resignation or disability of 5 1 8 Secretary and Clerks of 5 1 19 Is Commander of the Army and Conservator of the Peace 5 11 11 May adjourn the Legislature when 3 7 24 Call Extra Session of the Legislature 5 1 13 Direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3 1 Pardon reprieve commute and remit penalties5 1 12 Remove disabilities 5 1 12 With the Treasurer loan the Sinking Fund 7 14 1 Require services of AttorneyGeneral 6 10 2 Shall order elections to fill vacancies in Legislature 5 1 lei Fill vacancies in other offices 5 l 14 Offices of Judges and SolicitorsGeneral 6 12 1 Appoint State School Commissioner 8 2 1 Judge to preside in Supreme Court when 6 2 2 Commission Notaries Public exOfficio Justices of Peace 6 8 1 Examine and Publish Report of Comptroller and Treasurer 7 15 1 Proclaim result of Election on Constitution 13 2 2 1 Cannot appoint member of Legislature to office 3 4 7 A person rejected by Senate when 5 1 45 Has revision of bills and resolutions of Legislature 51 17 Supervision over Executive officers 5 1 18 Government originates with people duty of 1 T 12 Exclusive right of the people to regulate 1 5 1 Legislative Executive and Judicial Departments district 1 1 23 Support of by taxation 7 1 1 Grants limiting power to tax void 4 1 1 Irrevocable of special privileges void 1 3 2 Not to be revoked so as to work injustice 13 3 Great Seal of the State use and device of 5 3 1 227 Guardian of minors entitled to Homestead H Habeas Corpus Writ shall not be suspended Head of family entitled to Homestead Homestead and Exemption to whom allowed and amount of Not subject to levy and sale Waiver and sale of Setting apart of to be provided for Supplemental Already allowed good against old debt Ordinance effect of Of 1868 sales of confirmed Of 1868 sales and reinvestments of Under Debtors Act not repealed Under Debtors Act Waiver of House secure from search except as provided Soldiers not to be quartered in except as provided Of Representativessee Representatives Household Furniture waiver of exemption on Husbands debts wifes property not liable for I Idiots disqualified to vote or hold office Immunities special not to be irrevocably granted Not to be revoked so as to work justice Impeachment power in House of Representatives Power to tryin the Senate Chief Justice to preside at trial of Vote necessary to convict v Effect of conviction Governor cannot pardon in case of Imprisonment abuse under forbidden For debt prohibited For misbehavior in presence of Legislature Improvement on Homestead is part of Indictment copy to be furnished defendant on demand Inferior Judicatories errors of corrected by Certiorari Infirm persons entitled to Homestead Inherent rights not enumerated and not denied Insane persons not entitled to vote or hold office A s p 9 1 1 1 1 11 9 1 1 9 1 1 9 2 1 9 3 1 9 4 1 9 6 1 9 7 1 12 1 8 9 8 1 9 9 1 9 4 1 9 5 1 1 1 16 1 1 19 9 3 1 3 11 1 2 2 1 1 3 2 1 3 3 3 6 3 3 5 3 3 5 4 3 5 4 3 5 5 5 1 12 1 1 9 1 1 21 3 7 12 9 2 1 1 1 5 6 4 5 9 1 1 1 5 2 2 2 1 228 A 8 P Inspection by Governor of Executive Officers 5 1 18 Installation of Governor 5 13 Insurance Department expense of 5 2 4 Companies to make reports to Governor 3 12 5 Chartered by Legislature 3 7 18 Fire deposit made with Treasury 3 12 4 Foreign and Home Life deposits required 3 12 13 Foreign Life ComptrollerGeneral to license 3 12 2 Intrest on Public Debt taxation authorized to pay 7 1 1 Intoxicating drinks not to be furnished on election days 251 Insurrection and invasion in time of Bills may pass summarily 3 7 7 Taxto suppressj 7 1 1 Bonded debt incurred to suppress 7 12 1 Debts contracted to suppress 7 3 1 Contracted by city or county to suppress assumed by State 7 8 1 Invasionsee Insurrection Investment of funds raised by sale of homestead 9 3 1 Irrevocable grants of special privileges void 1 3 2 J Jeopardy more than once for same offense prohibited 118 Joint obligors suit against where tried 6 16 4 Owner in property State shall not become 7 5 1 Journal each House of the General Assembly shall keep 3 7 4 Original preserved in the office of Secretary of State 3 7 5 Yeas and nays to be recorded in at request of one fifth 3 7 6 Yeas and nays to be recorded in when twothirds vote is required 3 7 21 Must show majority of all members voted for bills passed 3 7 14 Must contain proposed amendments to Constitution 13 1 1 Of House must contain vote of elections by Legislature 3 10 1 Judge disqualified to preside in bond cases if interested in the bonds 6 2 3 Pro hac vice Legislature may authorize 6 4 9 May grant new trials in cases of conviction 1 2 1 See Supreme Superior and City Courts 229 K 8 P Judicial Legislative and Executive Departments distinct l l 23 Powers of the State where vested 6 1 1 Judiciary to declare unconstitutional acts void 1 4 Judgement of Impeachment extent of 3 5 5 Of Supreme Court may be withheld one term 6 2 7 Without verdict of Jury when 6 4 7 Of Courts authority of 12 1 5 Heretofore rendered ratified 12 1 6 Jurisdiction of Supreme Court 6 2 5 Of Superior Court 6 4 1 Of Superior Court Appellate 6 4 4 Of Ordinary 6 6 1 Of Ordinary County matters 6j 6 2 Of Justices of the Peace 6 7 2 Against Homestead denied 9 2 1 Jury right of trial by an impartial 1 1 5 Right of trial by Guaranteed 6 18 1 Judges of law and fact in criminal cases 1 2 1 Appeal from one to another fn Superior and City i Courts 6 4 6 From Justice of the Peace to 6 7 2 Grand to recommend Commissioned Notary for appointment 6 8 1 Grand and Traverse selection and qualification of 6 18 2 Compensation of how fixed 6 18 3 Tax by county to pay 7 6 2 Justice of the Peace may be member of Legislature 3 4 7 Part of Judiciary v 6 1 1 Election Commission and removal of 6 7 3 Term of 6 7 1 Jurisdiction Sessions and Appeals 6 7 2 ExOfficio i 1 6 8 1 K Kitchen furniture waiver of exemption of 9 3 1 L Labor done on Homestead Homestead is liable for 9 2 1 Land cases involving title to brought in Superior Court 6 4 1 Cases involving title to tried at what place 6 16 2 Homestead and Exemption on 9 1 1 230 A 8 P Larceny conviction of disfranchises 2 2 1 Law due process of required to affect rights of persons 1 13 Laws of general nature must have uniform operation 1 4 1 Of general nature affecting private rights how varied 11 4 1 Unconstitutional are void s 1 4 2 For more than one matter or different from title void 3 7 8 Majority vote of all members necessary to pass 3 7 14 For tax shall be general 7 2 1 Not repealed or amended by reference to title alone 3 7 17 For borrowing money must be specific 7 4 1 To change County lines must be a general law 11 1 3 Of general operation 12 Of United States authority of i 12 1 1 Of Georgia authority of S 12 1 3 Local and special authority of 12 1 4 See Local also General Assembly Learning Seminaries of exempt from taxation 7 2 2 Legislative power is in the General Assembly 3 1 1 Executive and Judicial Departments distinct 1 1 23 LegislatureSee General Assembly Legitimate Children power in Courts 3 7 18 Levy and Sale exemptions from 9 i i Libels in prosecutions for truth maji be given in evidence 12 1 Liberty person to be deprived of only by due process of law 1 i 3 Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense 1 1 Of Conscience not to be controlled 1 1 12 Of speech or pressnot to be curtailed 1 1 15 Libraries Public may be exempt from taxation 7 2 2 Licentiousness not excused on account of liberty of Conscience I i i i3 Life person not to be deprived of but by due process of law 1 1 3 Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense 118 Crimes involving jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1 See Insurance Lines of County to be changed under operation of general law 11 1 3 Liquor special tax on for Educational purposes 8 3 1 Not to be furnished on Election days 2 5 1 231 List of witnesses to be furnished defendant on demand Litigation tax by County to pay expenses of Literary Associations may be exempt from taxation Loans to State for casual deficiencies of revenue County or City for canal deficiencies of revenue Of sinking Fund by Governor and Treasurer Lobbying is a crime Legislature must provide a penalty Publication of before passed Acts authority of School Systems existing not affected hereby Lottery Tickets sale of prohibited A s p 1 1 5 7 6 2 7 2 2 7 3 1 7 7 1 7 14 1 1 2 5 3 7 15 12 1 4 8 5 1 1 2 4 M Macon and Brunswick Railroad if sold proceeds where applied Majority of each branch of Legislature constitute quorum Of all members of each House necessary to pass bill Malfeasance in office disfranchises Malpractice in office by Justice of the Peace removal for Mandamus issueu by Judge of Superior Court Marriage does not divest wife of hr property Material furnished Homestead it is liable for Matter different from title not to be Contained in bill Members of General Assemblysee General Assembly Merger of countries Message of Governor Mileage of the members of the General Assembly Military authority subordinate to Civil Commission except in Militia disqualifies for Legislature Service commutation for goes to Public Schools Companies Volunteer organizations1 Companies Volunteer paid only when called by State f Militia officers may be members of Legislature Governor is commanderinchief of District one Justice of the Peace for each District one commissioned Notary for each Organization of may be provided for 7 13 1 3 4 4 3 7 14 2 2 1 6 7 3 6 4 5 3 11 9 2 1 3 7 8 11 1 5 5 1 13 3 9 1 1 1 19 3 4 7 8 3 1 10 1 2 10 1 3 3 4 7 5 1 11 6 7 1 6 8 1 10 1 1 232 M illitiaContinued A Paid only when called out by State 10 1 Minors family of entitled to Homestead 9 l Ministerial officer not to levy on Homestead 9 2 Misconduct of member of Legislature how punished 3 7 Mistrial in criminal cases authorizes a second trial 1 1 Money not to be donated by State to any Church etc 1 1 Illegal holders of public disqualified for office 2 4 Public defaulters of disqualified for Legislature 3 4 Authority and manner of drawing from Treasury 3 7 Borrowed by State laws for and use of 7 4 Monopoly provisions against 4 2 Municipal Corporationsee City N Names of children changed by Courts 3 7 Navigation Companies chartered by Legislature 3 7 Navy of State Governor is Commander of 5 1 New trial in criminal cases authorizes second trial 1 1 In criminal cases may be granted on conviction 1 2 1 May be granted by Superior and City Court 6 4 Counties not to be formed 11 j Notaries Public commissioned part of Judiciary 6 1 Appointment commission and powers 6 8 Novation of Charter what shall so operate 4 2 O Oath of voter if challenged 2 1 Of member of General Assembly 3 4 Of Governor g 1 To pleas g 4 Obligation of contracts not to be impaired by law 1 1 3 Of contracts heretofore made by State binding 4 2 Office illegal holders of public money ineligible for 2 4 Who may not hold 2 2 Impeachment removes from and disqualifies for 3 5 Profiting from use of public money disqualifies for 7 9 Conviction of Dueling disqualifies for 2 4 Religious opinion does not disqualify for 1 l In gift of Governor or Legislature legislator disqualified for 3 4 Malfeasance in disfranchises 2 2 p 3 1 1 1 8 14 1 7 11 1 4 18 18 11 8 1 6 2 1 1 3 2 5 10 7 2 6 1 1 5 1 2 13 7 1 23S Officers are trustees of the people and amenable to them A 1 8 1 p 1 Of one department disqualified ro act in another 1 l 23 Returns of election of where made 2 6 1 Of State or the United States disqualified for Legislature 5 3 4 7 Of Militia or Justice of the Peace may be legislator 3 4 7 Of General Assembly who are 5 1 1 Of Executive Department who are 3 8 1 Of Executive Department report suspension and removal of 5 1 18 Profiting from use of public fund punishable 7 9 1 Extra compensation to after service prohibited 7 16 2 Not to be interested in Public Printing 7 17 1 Not to levy on Homestead 9 2 1 Of County election removal and disqualification of 11 2 1 Of County to be uniform except Commissioners 11 3 1 Now existing to continue till successor qualified 12 1 7 Order passed by Legislature must have Governors approval 5 1 17 Ordinances rejected not to be again proposed unless by twothirds vote 1 3 7 Must have but one subjectmatter and same as title 3 7 8 Of the Convention authority of 12 1 3 Of the Convention to have effect of laws 12 1 8 See Ordinances in Appendix Ordinary Courts of part of Judiciary 6 1 1 Courts of jurisdiction of 6 6 1 Term of office 6 6 3 Origin of Government is with the people 1 1 1 p Papers secure from search and seizure except as pro vided 1 1 16 Pardon removes political disabilities of convict 2 2 1 Of Duelists removes political disabilities of convict 2 4 2 Power in Governor must report to the Legislature 5 1 12 Passage of bills reading necessary 3 7 7 Of Bills majority of all members necessary 3 7 14 Passenger Tariffrestriction on 4 2 15 Paupers jurisdiction of Ordinary 6 6 2 Affidavit relieves from costs in Supreme Court 6 21 1 234 PaupersContinued Paysee Compensation Salary Peace soldiers not to be quartered in houses in time of Governor is conservator of j Pentitentiary crimes punishable in to be tried in Supe Perquisites not allowed officers Executive Department Not allowed AttorneyGeneral From use of public funds by officers punishable Persons and property to be protected by Government Not to be molested for religious opinionsi Rights not to be affected but by due process of law May prosecute or defend in person or by attorney Charged with offenses rights of Life or liberty not to be jeopardized but once for same crime Houses and papers secure from illegal search Personalty amount of exemption of from levy and sale Petitions and remonstrance right of guaranteed Police of the State right of people to regulate Power not abridged in favor of corporations Press liberty of not to be curtailed Printing public to be let to lowest bidder Prisoners not to be abused Tax for support of by counties Private ways to be allowed only compensation paid A s p 7 6 1 1 19 5 1 12 6 4 v 1 3 9 1 5 2 7 6 13 1 7 9 1 1 1 2 1 1 13 1 1 3 I 1 4 1 1 5 1 1 8 1 1 16 9 1 1 1 1 24 6 4 7 1 5 4 2 2 3 12 13 7 2 3 8 3 1 6 9 1 3 7 11 3 5 8 3 7 13 3 9 3 3 10 1 5 1 1 1 1 18 7 7 5 1 1 9 7 6 2 1 3 1 12 1 4 12 1 5 235 A 8 P Privileges special not to be irrevocably granted 1 3 2 Special not be revoked so as to do injustice 1 3 3 Probate jurisdiction in Ordinary 6 6 1 Proceedings of Legislature to be kept in journals 3 7 4 Of courts of same grade to be uniform 6 9 1 Process of law necessary to affect persons in their rights 113 Proclamation of Governor calling extra session 5 1 13 Of Governor on ratification of Constitution 13 2 2 Prohibition writs of issued by Judge of Superior Court 6 4 5 Prolongation of Legislative session by twothirds vote 3 4 6 Resolutions not submitted to Governor 3 7 23 Promissory notes suits on where tried 6 16 5 Property of person not to be molested for religious opinions 1 1 13 Protection to shall be impartial and complete 1 1 2 Not taken for public use without compensation 1 3 1 Concealed by debtor to be reached by law 1 2 6 Of yife not subject to husbands debts 3 11 1 List of exempt from tax 7 2 2 Amount of exempt from levy and sale 9 1 1 Protection to person and property paramount duty of Government 1 1 2 Prosecution rights of defendants in cases of 1 1 5 Provision waiver of exemption of restricted 9 3 1 Public Funds embezzlement of disfranchises 2 2 i Officer not to receive profit from use of 7 9 i Treasurer not to receive profit from use of5 2 5 See Money Public use of private property without compensation prohibited 1 3 1 Buildings jurisdiction of Ordinary 6 6 2 Buildings tax by county for authorized 7 6 2 Debt and institutions tax for 7 1 1 Property charitable institutions and libraries exempt from tax 7 2 2 Printing let to lowest bidder 7 17 1 Printing officers of Government not to be interested in 7 17 1 School systemsee Education 8 1 1 Publication of ones sentiments right of not to be curtailedT 1 1 15 Journal of General Assembly 3 7 4 236 PublicationContinued A 8 P Receipts and disbursements of Treasury 3 7 11 Intention to introduce Local Bills 3 7 15 Reports of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 7 15 1 Proposed amendment to Constitution 13 1 1 Punishment of crime by whipping or banishment prohibited 1 1 For contempt by Courts limited 1 1 20 Not to be cruel or unusual 1 1 9 Purchase of State Bonds with sinking fund 7 14 1 Money homestead liable for 9 2 1 Purchaser of old Homestead how affected 9 8 1 Q Qualification for Governor 5 1 7 For Senator 2 5 1 For Representative 3 6 1 Each House to judge of as to its own members 3 7 1 Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 6 Judge Supreme and Superior Courts Solicitor and AttorneyGeneral 6 14 11 County officers 11 2 1 Quarantine tax by county for expenses of 7 6 2 Quorum of each branch of Legislature is a maj ority 3 4 4 Of Supreme Court 6 2 1 R Railroad may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18 Freights and Tariff subject to legislation 4 2 1 May build branch roads free from conditions of 4 2 3 Shall not deceive public as to rates 4 2 5 See 1 Corporations Railway Street not to run in City without its consent 3 7 20 Rates of freight and passage subject to legislation 4 2 1 Public not to be deceived as to amount charged 4 2 5 Realty Homestead of 9 1 1 Rebate of rates charged by Railroad not allowed 4 2 5 Recognizance when Legislature may relieve from forr feiture of3 7 19 Reelection Governor not eligible for four years after two terms 12 v a 007 A 8 P Registration of Electors may be required by law 2 2 1 Rejection of nomination by Senate effect of 5 1 15 Of bill by Legislature effect of 4 3 7 13 Religious opinion civil and political rights not affected by 1 1 13 Denominations not to receive money from State 1 1 14 Worshipi places of may be exempt from tax 7 2 2 Remittance of sentence in power of Governor 5 1 12 Of forfeited Charter only on conditions 4 2 3 Remonstrance and petition right of guaranteed 1 1 24 Removal of legislator from district vacates his seat 3 4 8 Of disabilities in power of Governor 5 1 12 Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 1 18 Of Justice of the Peace for malpractice 7 3 Of County Officers 11 2 1 From office effect of impeachment 3 5 5 Repeating law form of 3 7 17 Reports of Insurance Companies to the Governor 3 12 5 Of Treasurer and Comptroller to the Governor 7 15 1 Representatives election and term of 3 4 12 Qualification of 3 6 1 House of part of General Assembly 3 1 1 Number and apportionment of members of 3 3 1 Apportionment how changed 3 2 2 Representatives House of Speaker of how elected 3 6 2 Clerk of compensation and bond of 3 8 1 Impeaching power vested in 3 6 3 Local and Special bills must originate in 3 7 15 Appropriation and Revenue bills must originate in 3 7 10 Journal ofsee Journal Representation of Constitutional Convention apportionment of 13 1 2 Reprieve in power of Governor 5 1 12 Residence requisite to vote 2 1 2 Resignation of Governor who acts in case of 5 1 8 Resolutions of appropriation must be passed by yeas and nays 3 7 12 Requiring Governors approval 5 1 17 Requiring a twothirds vote yeas and nays must be recorded 3 7 21 Having effect of law result of rejection 3 7 13 Retroactive legislation prohibited 1 3 2 r 238 A 8 P Returns of election of Legislators each House to judge for itself 3 7 1 To whom made 2 6 1 Of Governor how made 5 1 4 Of Governor how published 5 1 1 Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 5 On Ratification of Constitution 13 2 2 Revenue bills must originate in House of Representatives 3 7 10 Deficiencies of in State supplied by loans 7 3 1 Deficiencies of in County or City 7 7 1 And roads County Commissioners for 11 3 1 Rights not enumerated are not denied 1 5 1 Roads jurisdiction in Ordinary 6 6 1 Tax for keeping up by County 7 6 2 And revenue County Commissioners for 1 i 3 1 S Sailor in U S Service not entitled to vote because not stationed here 2 1 2 Salary of Governor 5 1 2 Of Treasurer Secretary of State and Comptroller 5 22 34 Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts Attor nay and SolicitorsGeneral 6 13 1 Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts how changed 6 13 2 Of State School Commissioner 8 2 1 Sale of States property proceeds to go to public debts7 13 1 Exemption from 9 1 1 Of Homesteads how affected 9 3 l Of old Homestead heretofore made ratified 9 8 4 Savannah errors of City Court of corrected in Supreme Court 6 2 5 Scire Facias writ of issued by Judge Superior Court 6 45 Schools Public how established by City or county 8 4 1 Public existing local system not affected 8 5 1 Not public may share school fund when 8 5 1 See Education Seal Great use and design of 5 8 1 Search of persons houses and papers warrant for 1 1 18 Seconds in Duel on conviction disqualified for office 2 4 2 Secretary of State returns of election to be made to 2 19 Officer of Executive Department 5 1 1 239 SecretaryContinued a s p Election of 5 2 1 Salary and Clerk hire of 5 2 3 Eligibility and Bond of 5 2 6 Perquisites to forbidden 5 2 7 Is keeper of Great Seal 5 3 1 Senate compensation and bond of 3 8 1 Governor compensation of 5 1 19 Securities on forfeited recognizances when relieved 3 7 19 Seizure of persons and papers provisions against 1 1 16 Seminaries of learning may be exempt from tax 7 2 2 Senate is a branch of General Assembly 3 1 1 Consists of 44 members 3 2 1 May propose amendments to appropriation and revenue bills 3 7 10 Impeachments to be tried before 3 5 3 Senate nomination rejected by effect of 5 1 15 President and Secretary ofSee President and Secretary Senatorial Districts number composition and change of 3 2 123 Senators number not to be increased 3 2 3 Election and term of 3 4 i2 Qualification of 3 5 1 Sentence commuted or remitted by Governor 5 1 12 Servitude involuntary except as punishment for crime prohibited 1 1 17 Sessions of General AssemblySee General Assembly Of Supreme Court 6 2 5 Of Superior Court 6 4 8 Of Justices Court 6 7 2 Setting aside Homestead laws to be provided for 9 4 1 Shares in one corporation not enough to be bought by another to monopolize 4 2 4 Shows special tax on goes to educational purposes 8 3 1 Sinking fund provided for 7 14 1 Site of county how changed 11 1 4 Slavery forbidden 1 1 17 Social status of citizens not subject of legislation 1 1 18 Soldiers not to be quartered in private houses except when 1 1 19 240 SoldiersContinued Of U S not to vote on account of being stationed A s p here 2 1 2 Artificial limbs for maimed Confederates 7 1 1 SolicitorsGqneral term of office and duties of 6 11 12 Election by the Legislature 6 12 1 Salary of 6 13 1 Qualification of 6 14 1 Speaker of House of Representatives how elected 3 6 2 Must sign Acts 3 7 13 Per diem of 3 9 1 Acts as Governor when Special law not to be enacted when provision is made 5 1 8 by general law f 1 4 1 Changing general law in particular cases how passed 1 4 1 For benefit of corporation conditional 4 2 3 Election of Governor See Local 5 1 9 Speech Liberty of not to be curtailed State aid to corporations or persons in any manner pro 1 1 15 hibited 7 5 1 State aid by donation prohibited 7 16 l To religious denomination prohibited 1 1 14 Printer office abolished 7 17 1 State School Commissioner election and term 8 2 1 Statement of Treasurer to be published Stockholder in corporation State county or city not 3 7 11 to be Street railroad not to run in city without consent of 7 56 1 authorities 3 7 20 Suits may be brought by or against counties Against State to test void or Confederate bonds 11 1 1 prohibited i See Venue 7 11 1 Superior Court is part of Judiciary 6 1 1 Jurisdiction of exclusive 6 4 1 Jurisdiction of general and appellate 6 4 34 Jurisdiction of to issue extra writs 6 4 5 Appeal and new trials in 6 4 6 Appeal from Ordinary to 6 6 1 Appeal from Justices to 6 i 7 2 Sessions of 6 4 8 241 Superior CourtContinued a s p Judge one for each circuit and term of 6 3 1 Election of 6 12 1 Salary and qualification of 6 1314 1 May change venue when 6 17 1 May preside in Supreme Court when 6 2 2 May preside in City Court when 6 5 1 Appoints Notary Public exoffico Justice of the Peace 6 8 1 Sanctions sale of Homesteads 9 38 1 Supplemental Homestead laws to be provided for 9 5 1 Supreme Court part of Judiciary 6 1 1 Constitution of 6 2 1 Jurisdiction sessions and practice 6 25 67 Cost in and paupersaffidavit 6 21 1 Judges election and termx 6 2 4 Judges election and vacancies how filled 6 12 1 Salary and qualification of 6 1314 1 When disqualified in particular case 6 2 2 Suspension from office of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasureri 5 1 18 T Tax to be paid before voting 2 1 2 Defaulters ineligible to Legislature 3 4 7 By County Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2 By county or city to meet bounded indebtedness 7 7 2 By county or city for school purposes 8 4 1 By county limited to certain purposes 7 6 2 Maybe imposed by Legislature for what purpose 7 1 1 Must be uniform ad valorem and by general law 7 2 1 On domestic animals of vicious nature 7 2 1 Exemptions from other exemptions void 7 2 24 Poll for educational purposes 7 2 3 Special for educational purposes 8 3 1 States power to impose hot to be restrained 4 1 1 Of corporations not to be surrendered 7 2 5 To raise a Sinking Fund 7 14 1 Lien good against Homestead 9 2 1 Act authority of 12 1 3 Act must originate in the House 3 7 10 242s TelegraphCompanies may be incorporated by Legis A s p Terms of office of Governor 3 7 18 Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer Judge of Supreme Court O 5 1 2 2 1 j Judge of Superior Court O 2 4 Justice of the Peace D js 13 Ordinary Attorney and SolicitorGeneral D 6 a 7 6 1 3 State School Commissioner O 2 JLU1 1 1 County Officers Members of General Assembly o 11 3 2 2 4 1 1 1 Testimonycriminatmg himself witness not obliged to Me Law must not contain matter different from lo land cases involving where brought t0lotrtCaSeS inVIving iurisdictio in Superior Treason what is and how convicted of Conviction of disfranchises Pardon respite or commutation for Treasurer election and term of office 7 Examination by Governor Officer of Executive Department Removal of Salary and Clerks hire of Perquisites not allowed Fee other than salary not allowed to Bond and qualification of To receive deposits from Fire Insurance Companies To make quarterly reports to Governor And Governor authorized to loan Sinking Fund raw money from Treasury in what manner treaty force and authority of Trial a speedy and impartial one is the right of defendant jury remams inviolate Tribunals m the various counties to be uniform Trustees of the people public officers are The University of Georgia may accept donations etc Families of minor children entitled to Homestead 243 1 3 11 1 8 9 6 16 6 1 2 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 7 7 3 12 1 4 2 2 1 2 1 18 1 1 1 18 2 2 2 2 12 15 14 7 1 1 6 18 6 8 2 1 2 1 12 1 2 7 5 6 4 1 l 11 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 A S u Unexpired term of Governor special elections 5 1 Judgps of Supreme Court 6 2 Judges Supreme and Superior Courts Attorney and SolicitorsGeneral 6 12 Uniformity required in operation of general laws 1 4 In county officers and tribunals H 3 In courts of same grade 6 9 In taxation7 2 University of Georgia appropriation to 8 6 United States Constitution acts in violation of void 1 4 Treaties and laws authority of 12 1 Soldiers not entitled to vote for being stationed here 2 1 V Vacancy in office of Governor 5 1 Judge of Supreme Court 6 2 Judge of Superior Court 6 3 Judge Supreme and Superior Courts and Solicitor General 12 Members General Assembly 5 1 Governor may fill when not otherwise provided 5 1 Validity of bonds not to be tried by Judge who is interested 6 2 Declared void by Constitution not subject to suit 7 11 Valuation of Homestead laws to be provided for 9 4 Venue in caes of divorce 6 1 Of land titles Of Equity 1 Against joint obligors acceptors indorses etc 6 16 Civil and criminal generally 6 16 Civil and criminal changed how 6 17 Verdicts judgements without when 6 4 First and second in divorce cases 6 15 Veto of Governor overruled by twothirds vote 6 7 Viva voce voting by General Assembly 3 10 Void bonds of State not to be paid 7 11 Volunteer companies organization of 10 1 Not paid unless called out by State 10 1 Vote by the people shall be by ballot 2 1 Who is entitled toOath of voter 2 1 Who is not entitled to 2 2 By General Assembly to be viva voce 3 10 244 p 9 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 8 4 2 1 13 14 3 1 1 1 2 3 45 6 1 7 1 23 1 1 2 3 1 2 1 1 VoteContinued a s p Of twothirds being required yeas and nays must be recorded 3 7 21 Of twothirds being required does not do away with Governors approval 3 7 23 Of twothirds overrides Governors veto 3 7 23 Of General Assembly having effect of law submitted to Governor 5 1 17 Of General Assembly in elections must appear in House Journal 3 10 1 W Waiver of Homestead g 3 j Of old exemption 9 5 j War ponded debt may be increased for purpose of 7 12 1 Debt of county or city for may be assumed by State 7 g 1 Debt may be contracted to defend State in time of 7 3 1 Quartering soldiers in house in time of 11 19 Tax to defend State in time of 7 1 Warrant for search how obtained 1 1 16 Ways private may be granted after compensation paid 13 1 Wearing apparel waiver of exemption on limited 9 3 1 Western Atlantic R R if sold proceeds how applied 7 13 1 Whipping as punishment for crime prohibited 117 White and colored public schools to be seperate 8 1 1 Widows pensions provided for 7 j Wifes property is her separate estate after marriage 3 11 1 Wild Land Clerk compensation of 5 2 4 Witnesses in criminal cases rights of defendants as to 1 1 5 Not compelled to criminate themselves 1 l 6 Two necessary to convict of treason l 2 2 Worship of God may be according to conscience 1 1 12 Place of may be exempt from taxWl 7 2 2 Y YEAS AND NAYS TO BE RECORDED IN JOURNAL At request of onefifth 3 7 0 On appropriation bills and resolutions 3 7 12 When twothirds vote is required 3 7 21 On amendments to Constitution 13 1 1 245 INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF Georgia House of Representatives 19191920 Prepared by W Cecil Neill of Muscogee County ABSENTEES Rule No Auditing Committee duty as to 134 Clerks duty as to 1 134 Boll call dispensed with when I33 ADJOURN MOTION TO Committee of whole not in order in 119 Definite time debatable when 57 Effect when motion prevails gg Motion not debatable 56180 Motion not amendable 1 56 Motion when in order gg Motion when not in order gg Precedence of motion gg Shall not be made second time until when 56 ADJOURNMENT Constitutional time limit 151 Courtesy to speaker at time of i 26 Effect of Effect when hour of arrives when House acting under previous question g2 Effect when hour of arrives during vote by yeas and nays 61 Hour of fixed by House 280 ADVEESE REPORT BEls and resolutions adversely reported taken up when 41 Debate on final passager 72 Effect of on bills 4g AMENDMENTS Rule No Applicable to an amendment 94 Bills or resolutions amended by sections 102 Bill perfected before caption or preamble 101 Bills perfected before substitute 96 Blanks must be filled 100 Clerks duty in amending by striking out and inserting 104 Committee of whole action on 126 Committee of whole what reported to House 132 Germane must be 103 1 Motion to amend how made 94 Motion to commit amendable 92 Motion to postpone indefinitely not amendable 80 Motion to postpone to time definite amendable 85 Motion to table amendment not in order 62 Motion to table not amendable 68 Must be in writing 98 Precedence of motion to amend 55 Priority of amendments L 99 Priority of amendments to perfect part proposed to be stricken r 105 Priority of over motion to agree or disagree 107 Priority of questions on Senate Amendments to H B 108 Priority of on passage of bill 188 Senate amendments to H B House amendment in order 106 Reconsidered when 113 Substitute is an amendment 95 When in order 188 When too late 97188 AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION Submission to people 160 Convention called i 161 APPEALS From Speakers decision 8 Members may address House 11 No debate when of personal character 9 To be made at once 10 APPLAUSE Speakers right to suppress 29 248 APPROPRIATIONS Rule No General bill right of way14 41 Governors power over 157 y Considered in committee of whole 51 House must originate 144 ATTENDANCE Call of House1 136 Messengers duty 135 Power to compel135136 Speakers1 duty 135 AUDITING COMMITTEE Absentees duty as to 134 Accounts of members duty as to 195 BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Amendments and substitutes bill first perfected 96 i Amendments by sections 102 Amendments to Code sections 146 Amendments to passed on before those to caption or preamble 101 Appropriations House must originate 144 Clerk to state number and author when reading 41 Clerk to call in order on calendar 41 Committee of whole how read 118 Committee reports favorable effect of 48 Committee reports unfavorable effect of 48 Committee reports order of precedence 53 Corporations laws relating to 148 Engrossment effeet of 48 General appropriations what to embrace 150 General laws how changed 147 Governors approval necessary 158 Governors failure to return 157 Governors veto j 157 Immediate transmission when 49 Introduction when 47 Printed when 50 Reconsideration effect of 114 Rejected when again consideredl 153 Relief of principals and sureties 149 Requirements for 52 249 f Buie No Speakers duty to commit 48 Special laws prohibited when 147 Subjectmatter only oney and expressed in title 145 Unanimous consent for reading 43 Withdrawal of when 48 Majority necessary to pass 139 Debate none at first reading 48 Constitutional requirement as to reading 143 Beading of unanimous consent 43 Beading first no debateX 48 Beading constitutional requirement j 143 CALL OF HOUSE Committee of whole not in orderL 119 Contempt refusal to vote on 14 When in order r14136 Wheq not in orderLl 77 CAPTION Not considered until bill perfectedi 101 CHANGE OF VOTES How done and whentj 191 CLEBK Absence of speaker and speaker pro tern duty ofi 7 Absentees duty of 134 Amendments striking out and inserting duty of 104 Bills and resolutions how read committee of whole 118 Bills and resolutions called in order from calendar 41 Bills and resolutions name and authors stated 41 Books duty to care for171179 Call of counties Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays 40 Journal names not voting duty to enter 174 Oath of prescribed j 170 CODE SECTIONS Amendments to Constitutional requirements 146 COMMITTEES Amendments by take precedence 188 Appointed by speaker 4198 250 Rule No Bills not to be interlined or defaced by 185 Chairmen Appropriation and Ways and Means Ex Officio Members198 Conference how constituted 187 Defaulting committee provision aft to 199 Enlarged how 176 Failure of to report provision as to 199 Membership limited 197 Reports of prder of precedence 53 Reports of required1 199 Reporfs must be in writing 189 Rules committee how elected 4 Speaker exofficio member of Rules 4 Speaker to appoint certain committees 4198 COMMIT MOTION TO Amended how j 92 Applicable to what 89 93 Committee of whole not in order 119 Precedence of as among other motions y 55 Precedency of as among motions to commit to different committees 90 COMMITTEE OF WHOLE HOUSE Amendments by aetion by House 126 Amendments to amendments how reported to House 132 Appropriation bills considered ini 51 Bills read and debated by sections 118 Call of House not in order 119 Chairman appointed by Speaker 117 Chairman power to clear galleries or lobby 128 Debate how limited and closed 120 Disorderly conduct reported 127 Extension of time how secured r 121 Formation of 117 House may reaplve itself into whenU 116 Interlineation of bills or resolutions prohibited 185 Journalnot show proceedingsn 130 Members shall vote 1 125 Motion to commit to precedence 90 Motion to rise report progress and ask leave to sit again 122 Papers called for 131 251 Rule No Proceedings how closed 122 Proceedings not reported in Journal 130 Procedure when business finished 129 Quorum not present procedure 121 Eeconsideration in order 123 Eeports of precedence 53 Rules applicable to and exceptions 119 Speaker may resolve House into when1 115 Speaker may take part 125 Speaker chairman appointed by 117 CONSTITUTIONAL RULES Adjournments limited 151 Amendments to Code sectionss H5 Amendments to Constitution 150 Appropriation Bills House must originate HI Appropriation Bill General what to embrace 150 Appropriations Journal to show yeas and nays HI Bills majority neeessary to pass 139 Bills reading of H3 Bills rejected when again considered 153 Bills subjectmatter expressed in title H5 Bills only one subjectmatter permitted H5 Constitutional convention how called 151 Corporations power of General Assembly over 148 County sites how changed or remoyed 159 Date of meeting fixed 154 Elections by General Assembly 152 Expulsion of members twothirds vote necessary 155 General laws how changed 147 General appropriation bill what to embrace 150 Governor failure to return bills 157 Governors signature when required 156158 Governors veto House judges of election and qualification of members 155 Journal must show majority vote 139 Journal must show yeas and nays when required140141142 Local and special bills notice required 163 Members power to punish misconduct of 155 Members oath of prescribed 138 Quorum defined v Relief of principals and sureties H9 252 i Buie No Salaries of certain officers how changed 162 Special laws prohibited when1 147 Subjectmatter bills to contain but one 145 Subjectmatter must be expressed in title 145 Veto of Governor 457 Teas and nays required when140141142 Yeas and nays Journal to show on Apps 141 Yeas and nays Journal to show where twothirds vote required 442 CONTEMPT Befusal to vote unless excused on call of House 14 CONTEST Contestant and contestee to retire when vote taken 22 CONVEBSATTON Prohibited l 24 COUNTY SITE How changed or removed 159 DEBATE Adjournment decided without igp Bills first reading no debate 4g Committee of whole regulated 119120 Committee happenings reference to out of order 27 Conversations reference to out of order 27 Conduct of members iny 47 Individual speeches limited 47 Motion to adjourn not debatable 56 Motion to change rules not debatable i46 Motion to commit when debatable 91 Motion to change order of business not debatable 46 Motion to extend members time of speaking not debatable 47 Motion to excuse member from voting not debatable 34 Motion to indefinitely postpone debatable 80 M otion to instruct committee debate limited 199 Motion to postpone to time definite what debatable 87 Motion for previous question not debatable 71 Motion to read papers not debatable 33 Motion to suspend rules not debatable 46 253 11 Si111 I Rule JN o Motion to table not debatable 68 Previous question decided affirmatively debate regulated JiL 72 Priority of business not debatable 16 Roll call no debate during 30 Senate happenings reference to out of order s 27 Yeas and nays decided without debate 181 Y DISPARAGING REMARKS Members prohibited from Se 28 DIVISION Duty of member calling for 37 Motion to excuse from voting to be made before 34 Right to call for 36 What not divisible 38 39 DRAWING FOR SEATS Regulated 200 ELECTION House Judge of of members 155 Majority vote necesshry 193 ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE Duties of 172 EXCEPTION OX WORDS SPOKEN Procedure 18 EXPLANATION OF VOTES When allowed and time limited32 EXPULSION OF MEMBERS When r17155 DOORKEEPER Duty as to enforcement of rule as to intoxication 25 Duty as to messages 184 Speaker may suspend when 12 GALLERIES Applause to be suppressed 29 254 Committee of whole chairman may clear Speaker may clear i Buie No 12S 13 GENERAL ASSEMBLY Meets when Session limited J general appropriation bill Constitutional provision as to what it shall embrace Right of way in order of business 154 154 150 41 GENERAL LAWS How changed GENERAL TAX BILL Right of way of GOVERNOR Failure to return bill effect Signature when required Veto HOUR OP ADJOURNMENT Fixed by House 147 41 157 156158 157 180 IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO SENATE Twothirds vote necessary INTOXICATION Member denied floor while in state of25 JOURNAL Absentees shown on Amndments to Constitution yeas and nays must be 134 i shown on Appropriation of money yeas and nays shown 141 Committee duty to read I Committee of whole proceedings not shown i30 Majority on passage of bills must be shown 139 Names those not voting shown on 174 Yeas and nays to be shown 140141 255 LAUDATORY REMARKS Rule No Prohibited in Nominations 28 LOCAL BILLS Constitutional requirement as to reading 143 Constitutional requirement as to notice 163 Introduced when 47 Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent 43 MAIN QUESTION Effect as to when votes had on motion for previous question 717274 Minority report time allowed for debate 75 Motion to table supercedes when 70 Reconsideration of 71 When ordered call of House 77 When ordered vote how taken 73 MAJORITY Bill majority vote necessary to pass 139 Elections majority vote necessary J 193 Quorum majority necessary 137 MEMBERS Adjournment duty of at 26 Arrest subject to when135136137 Attendance of compelled when135136137 Books and papers duty as to 179 Called to order for transgressing rules 17 Changing votes how and when 191 Committee of whole right to speak1 119 Committee of whole duty to vote 1 125 Conduct in debate 17 Conversation and smoking prohibited19 24 Debate how often to speak 17 Debate individual speeches limited 17 Debate references to conversations happenings in committee and Senate prohibited 27 Decorum of 17242627 Designation of members mode ofr 20 Exceptions to words of procedure 13 256 Rule No Expulsion of when 155 17 Interrogating mode of 1 Intoxication denied floor when in state of 25 Introduction of bills number limited 40 Introduction of bills name and county to be endorsed 5 Laudatory remarks prohibited in nominations 28 Member speaking duty of while26 Misconduct in house and committee of whole 155127 Motion may make one at a time 31 Motion must resume seat while being put 31 Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when 35 Oath of prescribed 138 Protests of proceedings 23 Eetire when required to 22 Seats drawing for 200 Vote shall not when interested 22 Vote shall exception 34125 MEMOEIALS Manner of presentation 168 MEETING OF HOUSE Adjournment fixed by House 180 Time of meeting for daily sessions 180 Constitutional provision 1 154 MINORITY REPORTS How made j 189 Main question ordered privilege first signer 75 MESSAGES How sent announced received and considered 165 MESSENGER Arrest of members 135136 Exofficio sergeantatarms 135 Intoxicated member enforcement of rule 25 General duties 183184 Speaker may suspend when 12 MOTIONS Information from executive department lie on table 190 Nondebatable prohibited when 35 Eule No One at a time only 31 Order of priority 55 Order of business motion to change not debatable 46 Order of business motion to change vote necessary 54 Read papers motion to decided without debate 33 Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 44 Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted424546 Seconding of unnecessary 175 Special orders motion to mate how submitted 42 Strike out and insert motion to not divisible 39 Unprivileged to lie on table 173 Withdrawn how 167 NEW MATTERS Call of counties by clerk 40 General bills limited to one a day 40 Information from executive department to lie on table 190 Motion unprivileged containing lie on table173 Unanimous consents for 43 NOMINATIONS Laudatory remarks prohibited 28 OATHS Of clerk prescribed 170 Of members prescribed 138 ORDER OF BUSINESS Changed how Motion to change not debatable 46 Motion to change vote necessary 44 54 Priority of established 196 Rules committee to fix during last seven days 54 PARLIAMENTARY LAW Applicable when 194 PETITIONS Considered when 166 Manner of presentation 168 PREAMBLE Not considered until resolution perfected 101 258 PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS Rule No Established gg PREVIOUS QUESTION Adjourn motion not in order after affirmative votes on 71 Adjournment effect arrival hour of House acting under 51 Affirmative votes result271727475 Applicable to what 7 Call of House hot in order after ordered except when 77 Call for sustained motion to table in order 1 70 Exhausted must be before matters of words excepted to decidedj jg Precedence of motion 55 POSTPONE Applicable to what definite and indefinite81 88 Committee of whole motion to definitely postpone not in order ii 119 Debate motion to indefinitely postpone debatable but not amendable 80 Definitely postpone motion to amendable 1 85 Effect of affirmative action on motion to indefinitely postpone 79 Effect of affirmative action on motion to postpone to time definite 84 Effect of negative action 84 Indefinitely motion to when not applicable 81 Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 86 Indefinitely motion to not renewable 82 Precedence of motion Jr 55 PRIVILEGE Motion without to lie on table 173 Personal privilege 192 Questions of what constitutes 192 PRIVILEGES OF FLOOR Who entitled to 177 PRINTING OF BILLS When ordered 59 PROTESTS OF MEMBERS Procedure 23 259 QUALIFYING PARAGRAPH Ruie No Not a divisible question 38 QUORUM Constitutional definition 137 READING OF PAPERS House determines by vote 35 RECONSIDERATION Amendments when reconsidered 113 Bills notice of motion when given1 109 Bills notice not to be withdrawn when 110 Committee of whole motion in orderj 123 Effect of on bills 114 Main question ordered motion in order to reconsider 71 Motion in order but once on same subject matterIll Motions when in order 112 REMONSTRANCES Manner of presentation 163 REPORTS OF COMMITTEES Committees may report by bill or otherwise 169 Order of precedence of 53 ROLL CALL Explanation of votes on 32 Debate none during 30 How dispensed with L 133 Speaker may order when 15 RULES Motion to suspend or change decided without debate 46 Suspended or changed how444546 RULES COMMITTEE Constituted and elected how 4 Effcet of fai ure to report45 Order of business fixed by during last seven days 54 Report of in order when 169 Special orders and motions to suspend rules duty to report on 42 45 260 SALARIES RuleN Constitutional provision as to changing 162 SEATS Drawing for regulated200 SERGEANTATARMS Call of House duty of5 30 Messenger is exofficio 1 135 SIGNATURE OF SPEAKER AND CLERK When required lgi SILENCE Meinbers to preserve when jp SMOKING Prohibited SPEAKER Absence of Speaker pro tem to preside7 Adjournment members to remain until Speaker retires 26 Appeals from decision of891011 Appeals from decisionof to be made at once 10 Appeals from decision of no debate when 9 Appointment of committees by 4193 Appointment of chairman of Committee of Whole 117 Appointment of Conference Committee 187 Attendance power to compel 135 Business priority of decided without debate 16 Chairman Committee of Whole appointed by 117 Committees appointed by 4198 Committee of Whole may resolve House into when 115 Committee of Whole assumes chair when 122 Committee of Whole receiving chairmans report 129 Committee of Whole right to take part in 125 Courtesy1 of members to at adjournment j 26 Doorkeeper Speaker may suspend a 12 Galleries may be cleared by j1 13 Interrogation of members conducted through 21 Irrelevant debate power to suspend 1 Members Speaker may name to presiSe 6 Members courtesy due by at adjournment 26 261 c Rule No Method of stating question by 5 Quorum duty of when no quorum voting 14 15 Recognition of members decided by 3 Recognition of members fof unanimous consent 43 Rules Committee Speaker exofficio memberi 4 Silence commanded by when 1 Suspension of officers 12 Vote Speaker required to when 2 SPEAKER PRO TEM Absence of Speaker duty to preside 7 Absence of Speaker dut yto preside 7 elect l1 7 SPECIAL COMMITTEE Priority of motion to commit in 90 SPECIAL LAWS Notice required 163 Prohibited when1 147 SUBJECTMATTER Bills to contain but one and expressed in title145 SUBSTITUTE Amendment isi 95 Bill perfected before substitute1 96 Motion to table not in order 62 SUSPENSION OF RULES How accomplished 444546 TABLE MOTION TO Amendment or substitute motion to table not in order 62 Amendment motion to table not subject to 68 Application of what can be laid on table 69 Committee of whole motion not in order 119 Debate motion to table not debatable 68 Effect when motion to table prevails 64 Effect when motion to take from table prevails63 65 Effect when motion to take from table prevails where measure tabled after roll call 66 Executive department information called from tabled one day 190 262 Rule No Main question motion to table in order after motion for previous question sustained 70 Main question motion to table not in order after House has voted that main question shall be now put 70 Motion to take from when in order 63 Previous question motion to table in order after call for sustained 0 70 Previous question motion to table not in order after main question ordered x 70 Renewal of motions to table and take from when 67 Roll call motion not in order until completion 66 TWOTHIRDS Vote NECESSARY WHEN Amendments to Constitution i 160 Constitution Convention 161 County Site changed or removed 159 Expulsion of members 155 Governors veto overriden 156157158 Prolongation of session 156 UNANIMOUS CONSENTS Limitation and regulation of 43 YEAS AND NAYS Adjournment effect when hour of arrives during vote by 61 Amendments to Constitution 160 Changing votes after call of 191 Committee of whole vote not taken by 119 Explanation of votes when vote taken by 32 Excuse from voting motion must be made before roll call begins 34 Journal to show when140141142 Journal to show names not voting 174 Motioh to table when in order when vote taken by 66 Required when 73140141142 Speaker may order when no quorum voting 15 Gr ft J H2 Jj