- Collection:
- Georgia Trust for Historic Preservation Presentation Slide Collection, 1968-2000
- Title:
- Crawford Long Museum
- Creator:
- Georgia Trust for Historic Preservation
- Contributor to Resource:
- Long, Crawford Williamson, 1815-1878
Long, James Alfred, 1827-1879 - Date of Original:
- 1971
- Subject:
- Architecture
Historic sites--Georgia--Jackson County
Historic buildings--Georgia--Jackson County
Architecture, Domestic--Georgia--Jackson County
Cultural property--Protection
Historic preservation--Georgia
Historic buildings--Conservation and restoration - Location:
- United States, Georgia, Jackson County, Jefferson, 34.11705, -83.57239
- Medium:
- color slides
historic houses
plantation houses
historic preservation
historic buildings - Type:
- Still Image
- Format:
- image/jp2
- Description:
- [Detail, diorama of a patient receiving treatment in an 1840s doctors office ]
From the National Register of Historic Places application form prepared by Elizabeth A. Lyons, Acting State Historic Preservation Officer in 1977: The Crawford W. Long Childhood Home stands on the edge of the town of Danielsville in Madison County, formerly Wilkes County, Georgia, on a hill overlooking the town and a spring. It is representative of the plantation plain style of architecture common to Georgia in the early decades of the nineteenth century. It was the childhood home of Dr. Crawford W. Long, a surgeon who, at the age of 27, first used ether as an anesthetic in surgery. The house is the only extant, authentic structure associated with his life. Additionally, the house was built by Crawford Long's father James Long, one of the founders of the town of Danielsville, who was a successful merchant, planter, and political figure of his day. Samuel Long, Dr. Long's grandfather, relocated to Georgia from Pennsylvania in the 1790's with his family, including his son James. They resided in Elbert County in an area that later became Madison County (1811). In 1812, Madison County was authorized to establish a county seat. The same year, the town was created and named Danielsville. James Long was active in the creation of the town and was residing in the town by 1813. The Minutes of the Inferior Court for the August term 1813 show that the court met at the house of James Long in the town of Danielsville. For many years. James Long served as Clerk of the Superior Court of Madison County and Postmaster, and later served in both houses of the Georgia legislature. Privately, he owned a mill and, over the years, acquired over 13,000 acres of land in Georgia, 2,500 of which were in Madison County. On December 8, 1813, James Long married Elizabeth Ware. On November 1, 1815, their son, Crawford W. Long was born in Danielsville, presumably at his father's house in the town. Architecturally, the house dates between 1800-1820. Tax records show that James Long continued in possession of this land until his death in 1853 with no change in acreage. They also show that he had enslaved 22 persons on this tract of land in 1832, but none on his other tracts. Crawford Long left his home at the age of fourteen, entered Franklin College (now the University of Georgia) located in nearby Athens, and graduated in 1835. In 1839, Long enrolled in medical school at the University of Pennsylvania where he specialized in surgery. Two years later, he returned to Georgia and set up a practice in Jefferson, where Long made his lasting mark in medical history. On March 30, 1842, he administered a deliberate dose of diethyl ether as an anesthesia to one James Venable who was in need of surgery to remove a neck tumor. Long's pioneering success in the field of anesthesiology led the way to a new frontier in medicine. It can be easily argued that Long's discovery and successful use of ether as a surgical anesthesia ranks him as one of the medical profession's foremost humanitarians. In 1926, two Georgians were recognized for outstanding significance in the nation's history by placing their statues in Statuary Hall of the United States Capitol. They were Crawford Long and Alexander H. Stephens (Congressman, Vice-President of the Confederacy, and Governor of Georgia). Architecturally, the Crawford Long Childhood Home has significance as a refined example of federal period architecture used in the construction of dwellings on the upper frontier portions of Georgia during the nineteenth century. The style of the structure is more refined than other extant vernacular houses of its area. The Interior of the building is indicative of an imported eastern taste transferred into the upper piedmont of Georgia. This generally unaltered condition of the interior in addition to the relatively good structural condition of the house for restoration purposes make it a potentially good architectural example of life on the early Georgia upper piedmont frontier. Variant names include: Crawford Long Museum. See ref # 77000438 (Long, Crawford W., Childhood Home) https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalregister/upload/national-register-listed-20240710.xlsx - External Identifiers:
- Metadata URL:
- https://dlg.usg.edu/record/gthp_gthp-slides_360
- Digital Object URL:
- https://dlg.usg.edu/record/gthp_gthp-slides_360#item
- IIIF manifest:
- https://dlg.usg.edu/record/gthp_gthp-slides_360/presentation/manifest.json
- Language:
- eng
- Additional Rights Information:
- Please contact holding institution for information regarding use and copyright status.
- Holding Institution:
- Georgia Trust for Historic Preservation
- Rights:
-
