- Collection:
- Eastern Air Lines Collection
- Title:
- Atlanta's aviation heroes: Doug Davis, E. S. Hogg, Johnny Kytle, and E. Smythe Gambrell, circa 1920s-1980s
- Creator:
- Eastern Air Lines
- Publisher:
- Georgia State University Library
- Date of Original:
- 1920/1939
- Subject:
- Airlines
Aeronautics, Commercial
Air pilots
Eastern Air Lines
Eastern Air Transport
Pitcairn Aviation - People:
- Borman, Frank, 1928-
- Location:
- United States, Georgia, Clayton County, 33.54189, -84.35769
United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798 - Medium:
- black-and-white photographs
- Type:
- Still Image
- Format:
- image/jp2
- Description:
- Beginning top left and moving clockwise. (1) Doug Davis had his own Atlanta flying business at Candler Field in the 1920s. By 1930 he had joined Eastern Air Transport, later known as Eastern Air Lines. He piloted one of the passenger inaugural flights on December 10, 1930. (2) E. S. ""Happy"" Hogg joined Eastern in 1930 in Atlanta. The native of Plains, Ga. attained 47 years seniority before he retired in 1977, more than any employee of any Atlanta airline. Eastern's history is one of his hobbies. (3) On May 1, 1928, when airmail service to New York was inaugurated there was so much mail that a second flight was also operated. Piloting this Pitcairn Mailwing was Johnny Kytle. He is remembered for crash landing his biplane on top of Stone Mountain and still getting the mail safely to Candler Field. (4) E. Smythe Gambrell was retained by Pitcairn Aviation, later named Eastern Air Lines, in 1927. He has served as general counsel and on Eastern's board of directors. Col. Frank Borman presented him with a certificate of appreciation on his 50th anniversary.
The Eastern Airlines Collection, 1927-2008 (bulk 1965-2008), consists of news clippings, press releases, newsletters, annual reports, monthly reports, correspondence, memoranda, photographs, slides, an early scrapbook (or day book), artifacts (promotional items) and audiovisual materials. This collection mainly provides insight into publicity and outreach efforts at Eastern Airlines, but also its history, charitable work, and day-to-day operations. The materials were accumulated by Carolyn Lee Wills, who worked in the Public Relations Department of Eastern's Southern Regional Office from 1965 until 1987.
Carolyn Lee Wills graduated from Georgia State University, where she studied journalism, history and speech. She also participated in many extra-curricular activities including Panhellenic Council, Delta Zeta Sorority, and yearbook. Before she began her work at Eastern Airlines, she traveled extensively throughout Europe, Asia, North and South America, Jamaica, the Bahamas, and Bermuda.; In 1965, Wills joined Eastern Airlines as a Representative of Women's Activities. In this role, she interpreted the company's program to women by working in the fields of fashion, radio, television, public relations, and promotions. In 1971, Wills became made Regional Manager of Public Relations. Eastern Airlines closed its Atlanta offices in November 1973, but found it difficult to cover their public relations needs in Atlanta from their headquarters in Miami. Four months after closing, Wills was re-hired by Eastern to manage the Southern Division covering Atlanta to Tokyo. While employed by Eastern Airlines, Wills served on many boards including American Women in Radio and Television, Georgia State University Alumni Association, and was a national representative of Delta Zeta Sorority. In 1966, she married attorney Charles H. Wills. The earliest incarnation of Eastern Airlines was Pitcairn Aviation, founded in 1927, which was the U.S. Postal Service contractor flying from New York to Atlanta. In 1930, the carrier was sold to North American Aviation owner Clement Keys and was renamed Eastern Air Transport. It soon added passenger routes and adopted the name Eastern Air Lines. Throughout the pre-World War II era, Eastern dominated passenger travel and air transport along the Atlantic coast, including the introduction of one-day service from New York to Miami in 1932. Famed pilot Eddie Rickenbacker bought the company in 1938 and was closely identified with it until his 1963 retirement. During the air travel boom of the 1950s and 1960s, Eastern Airlines grew into one of the ""Big Four"" United States carriers, enhancing its status as the lead air travel carrier on domestic east coast flights with the introduction of air shuttle service in 1961. Shuttle service was created as an alternative to bus routes and included hourly flights from Atlanta to Washington D.C., New York, and Boston. During this time, Eastern Airlines also expanded international service to Mexico, Bermuda, Puerto Rico, and Canada. Under the leadership of former astronaut Frank Borman (hired as an advisor in 1969, he became Chief Executive Officer in 1975), Eastern Airlines enjoyed continued successes in the industry until the enactment of the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978.; Beginning with Eastern's early U.S. Postal Service government contract, the company had relied upon the regulated and protective policies governing the airline industry. Without government protection, Eastern's profits began to make a downward turn that eventually culminated in the selling of the company to Texas Air International, headed by Frank Lorenzo. Following deregulation, Lorenzo was able to purchase multiple airlines including Continental, Frontier, New York Air, and Eastern. To cut costs in the midst of declining profits, Lorenzo asked Eastern's union employees to take massive pay cuts in wages and benefits. Union workers refused to accept Lorenzo's demands and opted to go on strike. By claiming bankruptcy in 1989, Lorenzo was able to hire non-union workers to fill the jobs of striking employees. Lorenzo took his demands a step further when he asked the machinists' union to take a pay cut, which resulted in another strike that dealt the final blow to any hope that Eastern Airlines would recover lost profits. In 1991, Eastern Airlines was permanently grounded. Eastern's main hubs in Atlanta and Miami were taken over by various competitors and its concourses in New York and Newark were demolished. - Metadata URL:
- http://digitalcollections.library.gsu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/eastern/id/49738
- IIIF manifest:
- https://digitalcollections.library.gsu.edu/iiif/2/eastern:49738/manifest.json
- Language:
- eng
- Additional Rights Information:
- This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).
L1986-27_11_09_003, Carolyn Lee Wills collection of Eastern Airlines' Southern Region Public Relations Office records, Southern Labor Archives. Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University. - Original Collection:
- SERIES III: Publicity, 1951-2008
Southern Labor Archives
Carolyn Lee Wills collection of Eastern Airlines' Southern Region Public Relations Office records
https://archivesspace.library.gsu.edu/repositories/2/resources/421 - Holding Institution:
- Georgia State University. Special Collections
- Rights:
-
