ANNUAL REPORT
RUFUS E. LESTER,
MAYOR OF THE CITY OF SAVANNAH,
YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1885.
TO WHICH IS ADDED THE
TREASURERS REPORT,
REPORTS OF THE DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS.
SAVANNAH, GA.:
MOKNIKU NEWS STEAM PRINTING HOUSE.
1886..

MAM'S ANNUAL REPORT.
CITY OF SAVANNAH, )
MAYOR'S OFFICE, January 1, 1886. j
FELLOW CITIZENS : In compliance with the ordinances, I
submit my report of the " Financial Receipts and Expendi
tures" of the city for the year ending December 31st, 1885.
The report of the Treasurer is hereto appended as part of
this report. For further and more general information the
reports of the officers in charge of the various departments
of the City Government are hereto attached, and will be
published.
The receipts for the year, exclusive of the balance on hand
at the commencement of the year, viz.: $51,481.90, have been
$587,184.14.
The expenditures for the year have been $595,325.22, and
there is a balance on hand in the Treasury of $43,340.82.
The trial balance of the books of the Treasurer verifies
these figures, and shows the sources from which the receipts
have been obtained, and the general purposes for which the
money has been expended. It is as follows :
TRIAL BALANCE, DEC. 31, 1885.
Expenditures. Receipts.
Board of Health $21,690 28 $ 95 40
Board of Health, O. E. M 9,916 61 6,219 49
City Clocks 141 34
City Court 4,524 40
City Lamps 18,008 00
4 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
City Lots 1,800 00 1,385 32
City Exchange 2,516 12
Coupons from Bonds, 1879 166,194 98
Coupons, old 25,151 34
Coupons from Bonds, 1883 17,754 20
Interest 889 30
Docks and Wharves. 935 22
Drainage 979 51
Dry Culture 8,709 05
Fees 1,581 15
Fire Department 27,275 11
Incidentals 3,718 24
Jail
Laurel Grove Cemetery 5,987 64
Bond Compromise 52,052 15
Licenses
Market 4,627 87
Christopher Murphy, trustee 15,912 75
Parks and Squares 4,610 32
Police 53,282 15
Police Court
Printing and Stationery 2,005 57
Public Buildings 239 89
Quarantine 2,925 07
Rents
Salaries 17,853 85
River and Harbor Improvement 35 35
Scavenger Department 15,975 04
Sinking Fund Bonds, 1879 25,046 25
Sinking Fund Bonds, 1883 5,430 00
Streets and Lanes .. 38,388 27
Opening Streets , 13,780 00
Taxes,1875
Taxes,1876
Taxes,1877
Taxes,1878
Taxes,1879
607 48
12,117 60
21 00
11 80
601 81
1,471 50
10,164 50
35,831 45
17,986 10
3 00
311 25
5,713 50
156 00
38 79
4,099 00
3,700 92
1,025 55
13,000 00
52 10
100 57
127 05
280 63
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 5
Taxes,1880. 655 43
Taxes,1881 1,158 40
Taxes,1882 2,989 10
Taxes,1883 4,267 80
Taxes,1884 27 74 105,662 99
Taxes,1885 321 49 281,704 50
Ground Rents 29,154 13
Water Works 25,038 97 46,117 84
Cash on hand, Dec. 31, 1885 43,340 82
Balance account of Ledger, being
cash on hand Jan. 1, 1885 51,481 90
$638,666 04 $638,666 04
It will be observed that $105,662.99 of the taxes of 1884
were collected during the present year, and it may be asked,
why these taxes were not collected in 1884? The explana
tion is that taxes on property, although assessed for the
year, are by the ordinances made payable quarterly, with
fifteen days' grace.
The last quarter of the year does not become payable un
til fifteen days after January 1 after the close of the fiscal
year. This accounts in a large measure for this collection.
Interest coupons to the amount of $183,949.18 on the
bonds of the issues of 1879 and 1883 have been paid, and
$25,151.34 interest on the old bonds redeemed and taken in
exchange.
BONDED DEBT.
There are now outstanding $24,400 of old bonds issued
prior to 1879, $86,700 having been exchanged and retired
during during the year. That is to say, $44,600 have been
taken in in exchange for new bonds, and $42,100 have been
redeemed and retired by the city by purchase. There are
also outstanding unexchanged only $2,500 of the Atlantic
and Gulf Railroad bonds endorsed by the city, $7,000 of
these having been cancelled during the year.
Of the bonds of the issue of 1879 there were outstanding
6 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
on the first of January last $3,331,900. During the year
$44,600 have been issued in exchange for "old bonds" and
$26,800 have been purchased and cancelled. The amount
of this issue now outstanding is, therefore, $3,349,700.
Of the bonds of the issue of 1883 there were outstanding
on the first of January last $356,750. For the purpose of
exchanges $9,100 were issued during the j'ear, and $6,000
have been purchased and cancelled, making that issue now
$359,850.
The following tables express the present bonded indebted
ness, and a succinct account and history of the bonds of the
issue of 1879 and 1883.
PRESENT BONDED INDEBTEDNESS.
Bonds, compromise 1879, issued $3,495,100
Less redeemed and cancelled by Sink
ing Fund Commissioners 145,400
Amount outstanding $3,349,700
Bonds, compromise 1883, issued 386,750
Less redeemed and cancelled by
Sinking Fund Commissioners.. . . 26,900
Amount outstanding 359,850
Old bonds outstanding 24,400
Atlantic and Gulf Railroad bonds, in
dorsed, outstanding 2,500
Add 30 per cent, as per compromise
agreement 750 3,250
Total bonded debt Dec. 31,1885 $3,737,200
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
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MAYORS ANNUAL REPORT. 9
The price of the city's 5 per cent, bonds on the market
has steadily advanced, and they are at par. The causes that
have contributed to this are not altogether those which our
vanity would suggest. While the public confidence in our
securities has increased, it must not be forgotten that quar
terly the Sinking Fund Commissioners are required to buy
bonds in considerable quantities for cancellation, and it is
easily seen how this demand for the bonds at stated times
tends to increase the price. The low rate of interest which
now obtains for Government, State and other first-class se
curities which are usually sought for investment, give to our
5 per cents, a prominence which they would not perhaps
otherwise have. The' report of the Sinking Fund Commis
sion, hereto appended, will show the operations of that body
for 1885, as well as a summary of its work of retiring the
bonds.
It will be observed that during the year the city has pur
chased and retired, independent, of the Sinking Fund Com
mission, without issuing new bonds in exchange, $42,200
of the face or denominational value of the old bonds, in
cluding $100 of bonds of the issue of 1879. It has been a
question between the Sinking Fund Commissioners and the
city authorities whether this amount of bonds issued in 1879
to pay interest on old bonds was not an unauthorized issue
under the terms of the bond compromise acts and ordinancesThe city, in purchasing and retiring this amount of br.nds,
has not yielded the legal question involved in this conten
tion.
The city owes nothing now but the bonded debt (which is
quite enough) bearing interest at 5 per cent, per annum, ex
cept the $24,100 of old bonds and $2,500 of A. & G. R. R.
endorsed bonds.
THE POLICE.
This force remains as it was at the last report. It is effi
cient, and its management excellent. The effort of the Chief
and his subordinates has been to impress upon the men a sense
10 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REP03T.
of theif obligation to the public. Their conduct in general
has been a gratifying response to the demands of duty.
The pay of the men has been increased during the year
from $60 to $65 per month. The city furnishes the uniforms
and equipments.
The expenses of this department, for the year have been
$53,282, which includes forage for horses, uniforms, and all
incidental expenses, fully set forth in the Treasurer's report.
STREETS AND LANES.
This is is a varied department, and consumes more money
necessarily without show than any other department, except
perhaps the Health and Cemetery Department. The repairs
to streets and street crossings, the keeping the gutters for
drainage of surface water, bridges, the planking of streets,
with their incidents, amount to much more than the casual
observer can realize. The expenses of this department for
the year have been $38,388.27, offset by $1,025.55 received
for sewer permits and repairs of pavements, etc.
In addition to this $13,780 have been paid for opening
streets, and for expenses of keeping up the parks and squares.
JTIRE DEPARTMENT.
This is now a pay department, supplemented, or rather
reinforced, by "call men," whose duty it is to attend fires
upon the alarm sound. The regular and the call men are
directly under the control of the Chief of the Fire Depart
ment. The management of the department has been highly
satisfactory. Its efficiency, displayed on every occasion
where prompt, quick and efficient work has been required,
has given that feeling of security which house owners always
desire to feel. The expenses of this department have been
$27,275.11.
THE WATER DEPARTMENT.
This department now embraces the Water Works and the
Pump Departments. The receipts from this department
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 11
from water rents and supply to vessels have been $45,834.77,
against $44,637.38 last year. The expenses have been
$25,038.97, against $24,605.17 last year. The expenses of
this year include the expenses of the Pump Department,
$1 932.32, and about $238.84 of bills of last year. The ex
penses therefore of the Water WTorks proper have been only
$22,867.81, including $4,016.16 for extensions of mains. The
expenses of the Pump Department include two month's sal
ary of the Pump Contractor, viz.: $333.33. This deducted
from the $1,932 32 leaves $1,599 expended on account of
pumps.
The office of Pump Contractor was abolished last year,
and the affairs of that department were turned over to the
Water Department, making a saving of $1,246.04 in the
expenses compared with last year's account.
The entire expenditures for Water Department for the
year have been $24,800.13, and the receipts from all sources
46,117.84. /
The extension of mains during the year has been 3,990
feet. The extent now of the distributing mains is thirty-two
and seven-eighths (32|) miles.
MARKET.
The receipts have been $17,986.10, as follows : $11,046.40
market fees, $6,949.70 for rent of stores and stalls. The ex
penses have been $4,627.87, making the net income $13,358.23.
HEALTH AND CEMETERY DEPARTMENT.
The account of this department will be found in the
Treasurer's report, under the head of Board of Health and
Laurel Grove Cemetery and Quarantine. The charities dis
pensed by the city are usually under this department.
The city has no hospital of its own, except what is known
as the small-pox hospital, but it provides for the care of the
indigent sick in the hospitals managed by other hands. In
digent patients have been treated and cared for at these hos
pitals during the year at an expense to the city as follows:
12 MAYOR'S ANNUAL 11EP01>T.
To the Savannah Hospital $3,60000
To the St. Joseph's Infirmary 3,561 50
To the Georgia Infirmary 2,400 00
$9,561 50
If it be an obligation of the city to provide public chari
ties, I would suggest that much suffering might be prevented
or ameliorated by the establishment of an Alms House or
Poor House, under proper regulation, wherein indigent pi ople not actually sick, but unable to provide for themselves,
might find a refuge.
Many cases of actual suffering come under my observa
tion, appealing much more strongly to human sympathy than
many of the cases treated in the hospital, yet nothing can
be done for them because there is no provision made for such
cases. The endowment of an institution for the care of the
indigent would be of great benefit to the community, and the
institution might dispense an immense amount of practical
charity. Affluent people who may be seeking to do good
can find a good place here for charitable donation.
The maintenance of the City Dispensary, including medi
cines, physicians' salaries, salary of the officers of the Dis
pensary, etc., has cost $5,729.76, and the cleaning and disin
fecting of vaults, yards and premises $13,589.06. The re
ceipts from property owners for such of the disinfecting work
as they are required to pay for has been $6,219.49 ; and the
receipts from the county of Chatham for medicines furnished'
by the Dispensary to indigent poor of the county outside the
city limits has been only $95.40, a sum much less than is
chargeable to the county. For some reason, satisfactory,
perhaps, to the County Commissioners, but not to the city
authorities, they have refused to pay more.
The expenses of keeping and maintaining Laurel Grove
Cemetery have been $5,987.64, and the receipts from sale of
lo s and burial fees $1,471.50.
The Quarantine Station has been kept up and the regula
tions prescribed by the Board of Sanitary Commissioners
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 13
have been well enforced under the supervision of that highly
efficient and faithful officer, Dr. J. T. McFarland, the execu
tive officer of the board, whose report as Health Officer,
hereto appended, contains much valuable and interesting in
formation upon all the subjects of his department.
The maintenance of the Quarantine Station has not been a
charge upon the city for the past year. The receipts have
been more than the expenditures by $T173.93. This, how
ever, cannot be expected for the coming year, as repairs will
probably have to be made to the wharves and other expenses
incurred which, with the current expenses, will be more than
the receipts.
It is not intended that any revenue shall be derived to the
city from this source, as the fees charged are really a burden
upon commerce. All that can be expected or lawfully re
quired is to make the quarantine as nearly self-sustaining as
possible.
The entire expenses of the Health and Cemetery Depart
ment, as shown by the Treasurer's books, have been $40,-
519.60 and the receipts $11,885.39.
DRAINAGE DEPARTMENT.
This department is charged with keeping in order the low
lands about the city. Under the many obligations which the
city has assumed in this respect, and the necessity of guard
ing the health of its inhabitants, this department is not only
an important but an expensive one. The Bilbo canal, Musgrove creek, the Springfield plantation, Lamar's creek and
Hutchinson island require constant attention. This signifies
much labor, and consequently much outlay of money. The
expenses of the department for the year have been $8,709.05.
Somewhat less than usual.
The subject of the drainage of the city proper has engaged
the attention of the Council. It would be most desirable
upon considerations of health and cleanliness if some better
system of sewage and surface drainage could be adopted.
The present drainage through Bilbo canal is not as complete
14 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
and perfect a drainage as the preseut proportions of the city
demand, yet it answers reasonably well the general purpose.
It has been suggested that a system of lane sewage, by means
of which every house shall be connected with a system of
drains, through which the entire sewage shall pass out of the
city to some point not on the Savannah river, but in another
direction, should be adopted. Such a scheme appears to be
practicable, and is certainly captivating as presented and ex
plained by Col. Waring, the eminent sanitarian, whose pro
fessional services the city engaged in the hope that a plan
might be devised by which the sewage and drainage question
might be solved. A plan has been submitted, but unfortu
nately the means of the city are not adequate to the enter
prise.
THE RIVER AND HARBOR IMPROVKMENTS.
The general government has continued the work of im
proving the channel of the Savannah river. The operations
have extended as far as Oyster Bed shoals, opposite Cockspur island, but the work has uot been completed. Many
circumstances have combined to retard the work, some of
them providential. The severe storms of last summer, com
ing upon the dam near Fort Pulaski, then in course of con
struction and uncompleted, did much damage. Much of the
work already done, and for which payment had been made
out of the appropriation made by Congress for this harbor,
was destroyed or made useless, and will have to be done
over again.
It is a matter of regret that sufficient appropriations to
accomplish the projected work are not made in such timely
manner as to allow the same to be continued without inter
ruption until its completion. As it is, and has been ever
since it was begun, the work has been so desultory that very
much of what is accomplished at one season is lost before it
can be resumed again. Thus the eventual cost must be very
largely increased or the work abandoned in an unfinished
condition. This manner of working is certainly poor econo-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 15
my, to say the least of it. If the appropriations were suffi
cient and timely, the result would be much more satisfactory.
Nevertheless, what has been done has doubtless been of
great service, and has gone far in producing the effects origi
nally planned. Gen. Gillmore has kindly furnished me with
a summary of the work done since June 30, 1884, which I
append hereto for information.
CONCLUSION.
The year has passed without any striking incident in the
city affairs. A fair, reasonable conservatism in all affairs has
prevailed. Providence has been kind to us; the health of
the city has been remarkably good; the population and the
wealth have increased in a large degree; all business has
been comparatively good; and if people who accumulate
wealth here would take pains to invest it where it properly
belongs, Savannah would soon be a city of great proportions
and of immense importance.
Respectfully submitted.
RUFUS E. LESTER,
Mayor.
16 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
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36 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF SINKING FUND COMMISSIONERS.
SAVANNAH, January 1, 1886.
Eon. Rufus E. Lester, 3Iayor :
DEAR SIRThe Siuking Fund Commissioners beg leave to
make the following report of matters connected with their
department, or coming under their jurisdiction, for the year
ending 31st December, 1885 :
With the funds at our disposal, say $48.53 from the ap
propriation for 1884, and $25,000 for 1885, belonging to the
sinking fund provided for the bonds issued in 1879, we
have purchased bonds of that issue of the face value of
$26,700, viz.:
Feb. 5, 1885 $2,000 at 89 per cent $1,785 00
Feb. 5,1885 5,100 at 90 percent.. 4,602 75
May 2, 1885 4,600 at 891 per cent 4,117 00
May 2, 1885 2,600 at 89J per cent 2,333 50
Nov. 30, 1885 .... 5,400 at 97 per cent 5,238 00
Nov. 30, 1885 6,000 at 991 per cent 5,970 00
Nov. 30, 1885 1,000 at 100 per cent 1,000 00
Total $26,700 Costing $25,046 25
Prev'y purchased 9i,300 Costing 74,951 47
Total purchasecl.$118,000 Costing. $99,997 72
Leaving to our credit in hands of Treasurer, $2.28. We
have also purchased bonds of the issue of 1883 of the face
value of $6,000, with the sinking fund provided for that
issue, viz.:
Feb. 5, 1885 $6,000 at 90A per cent $5,430 00
Prev'ly purchased.. 6,000 Costing 4,980 00
Total purchased. . . $i2,000 Costing $10,410 00
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 37
All of which bonds, with the unmatured coupons- attached
thereto, have been carefully cancelled and handed to the
City Treasurer for such final destruction as Council may
direct.
During the year we have signed certificates on bonds of
the issue of 1879 as follows :
No. 2,601 to 2,700, say 100 bonds, $500 each $ 50,000
401 to 410, say 10 bonds, 300 each 3,000
401 to 410, say 10 bonds, 100 each .... 1,000
Total signed 1885. . 120 bonds, amounting to .. $ 54,000
Previously signed. 5,400 bonds, amounting to ... . 3,460,000
Total signed 5,520 bonds, amounting to .... $3,514,000
Less two bonds of $500 each cancelled as per our
report of January, 1881 1,000
Leaving available for exchanges $3,513,000
Of this amount there has been issued in exchanges 3,495,100,
Leaving in hands of Treasurer available for ex
change $17,900
Of the bonds issued, $145,400 have been cancelled, as fol
lows :
By special purchase as per report of Jan., 1885... $ 18,100
By received for balances due on ground rent lots. 9,200
By purchase out of sinking fund 118,000
By special purchase as hereinafter reported 100
Total amount cancelled $ 145,400
Which leaves now outstanding $3,349,700
The issue of 1883 stands as follows:
Certificates have been signed on the total issue, say 750
bonds amounting to $390,000, of which $3?6,750 have been
issued in exchanges, leaving $3,250 in hands of Treasurer
available for exchanges.
Of the bonds issued, $26,900 have been cancelled, as fol
lows :
38 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
By special purchase as per report January, 1885. . $ 14,900
(This was entered as $14,100 by error in thatreport).
By purchases out of the sinking fund 12,000
Total amount cancelled $ 26,900
Which leaves now outstanding $ 359,850
Making a grand total of both issues of new bonds
now outstanding of . . . $3,709,550
We have verified the cancellation of the following bonds,
with the coupons attached thereto, viz.: $44,600 old bonds,
various issues, taken in exchange for a like amount of new
bonds of the issue of 1879. $7,000 A. & G. R. R. bonds en
dorsed by the city taken in exchange for $9,100 new bonds
of the issue of 1883, agreeable to the terms of compromise.
$42,100 old bonds, various issues, and $100 new bond, issue
of 1879, purchased by city to offset the $42,200 new bonds
irregularly issued in 1880, and to which we have called at
tention in each of our annual reports, commencing with that
of January, 1881. We are pleased to be able to report the
final adjustment of this matter.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
JOHN FLANNERY,
h. GUCKENHEIMER,
C. C. CASEY,
JOSEPH D. WEED,
JOHN L. HARDEE,
Sinking Fund Commissioners.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 39
REPORT OF CORPORATION ATTORNEY.
SAVANNAH, GA., January 30, 1886.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor of Savannah :
DEAR SIRI have the honor to transmit herewith a state
ment showing the transactions in my department of the city
government for the year 1885.
The following ordinances passed by Council have either
been prepared or passed upon by me during the year just
closed:
1. To permit the Central Railroad and Banking Company
of Georgia, or the Ocean Steamship Company of Savannah,
to run a railroad track from the Savannah and Ogeechee
Canal to Montgomery street.
2. An ordinance to amend an ordinance to permit above
named companies to run a railroad track from Canal to Mont
gomery street.
3. An ordinance to extend time for commencing building
of jail.
4. To prohibit smoking on wharves and in railroad
depots, etc., in this city,
5. To increase pay of privates of police.
6. To repeal ordinance to provide sick poor with medi
cine,
7. To regulate breaking up rafts in Savannah river.
8. To increase pay of " call men " of Fire Department.
9. To exchange lots corner Habersham street and Perry
street Lane, for lots 6, 7 and 8 Troup Ward.
10. To regulate hauling of sand, manure, etc., through
the streets.
40 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
11. To require the removal of bill boards, etc., from
streets.
12. To amend ordinance requiring removal of bill boards,
etc., from streets.
13. To prescribe harbor regulations.
14. To provide for widening sidewalks on southeast cor
ner of Bull and Brougliton streets.
15. To regulate closing barber shops on Sunday.
16. To require hucksters to sell inside of the market.
17. To amend tax ordinance so as to exempt from tax or
license fee transient dealers selling or offering to sell only to
dealers.
18. To permit Savannah Cotton Enchange to arch or
bridge slip at Drayton street, and to build a Cotton Ex
change.
19. To suspend ordinance relative to obstructions on
sidewalks.
20. To levy tax, etc.
In addition to the duty of drawing ordinances for the
Committees of Council, I have attended a number of meet
ings and advised with the Committees whenever called upon.
The cases pending in the United States Circuit Court for
the Southern District of Georgia, referred to in my last re
port, have all been settled, and no cases are now pending in
this court against the city.
In the case of Proctor B. Lawrence et al., complainants,
and The Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Savannah et
al., defendants, pending in the Superior Court of Chatham
County at the time of iny last report, a final decree was ta
ken in conformity with the decision of the Supreme Court.
The case of William Spears vs. W. S. Lawton, the Savan
nah, Florida and Western Railway, and The Mayor and Al
dermen of the City of Savannah, was heard since my last
report, and the plaintiff dismissed his case against the city.
The case of McAlpin et al., complainants, and The Mayor
and Aldermen of the City of Savannah, defendants, came
on to be heard before the Judge of the Superior Court on a
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 41
motion for an injunction, the city demurring to the bill of
complainants. The Judge granted the injunction prayed
for, and the case went to the Supreme Court, where it was
decided that an injunction should not have been granted to
stav the collection of such a tax, and a bill for that purpose
was demurrable.
The case of A. B. Hazzard vs. The Mayor and Aldermen
of the City of Savannah was tried in the City Court, and re
sulted in a verdict for the plaintiff. A motion for a new trial
was made and granted by the court; whereupon the plain
tiff excepted to the ruling of the court granting a new trial,
and took the case to the Supreme Court, where it is now
pending.
The case of George T. Nichols vs. The Mayor and Alder
men of the City of Savannah, was tried and resulted in a
verdict for the plaintiff. The Mutual Gas Light Company
was liable over to the city for the damage complained of by
Mr. Nichols, and the company satisfied the judgment in this
case.
The cases of Robert Raiford et al., for loss of property in
market have been settled.
The following cases, in which the city is interested, are
now pending:
In the Superior Court of Chatham County :
1. Walter Blake et al., complainants, and The Mayor and
Aldermen of the City of Savannah, defendants.
2. J. H. M. Clinch, executor, et al., complainants, and
The Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Savannah, defendants.
In the Supreme Court of Georgia :
A. B. Hazzard, plaintiff in error, and the Mayor and Al
dermen of the City of Savannah, defendants in error.
Very respectfully,
H. C. CUNNINGHAM,
Corporation Attorney.
42 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF CHIEF OF POLICE.
OFFICE CHIEF OF POLICE,
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1886.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor:
SIR1 have the honor to submit herewith my annual re
port of the Police Department for the year ending December
31st, 1885.
The aggregate strength of the department is fifty-nine (59),
as follows :
Chief 1
Assistant Chief 1
Sergeants 4
Privates 53
Total 59
The above does not include the Ocean Steamship Compa
ny's Police force, consisting of
Sergeants 3
Privates 18
Total 21
For city 59
For Ocean Steamship Company 21
Total 80
During the year 2,244 arrests have been made, being 126
more than the year previous. Of this number 972 were
white, and 1,272 colored.
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 43
The following were the crimes and misdemeanors for which
the arrests were made :
OFFENSE.
Assault and Battery
Assault with Intent to Murder
Burglary
Carrying Concealed Weapons
Contempt of Court . Disorderly Conduct
Drunkenness . . . Disorderly Driving
Fighting . Gambling
Insanity
Interfering with Officers
Larceny
Licentious Conduct
Lost Children
Murder
Kesisting Officers
Sate Keeping ...
Vagrants and Suspicious Characters : 58
Violating City Ordinances i 161
Total 972 1272 i2244
Number of Lodgerswhite, 483 ; colored, 76 ; total 559
Number of animals impounded 401
Number of stores and dwellings found open 50
Number of fires 52
Number of false alarms 5
During the year twenty-one (21) privates were detailed as
sanitary inspectors, who performed their duty in a thorough
and satisfactory manner.
Forty (40) breech-loading pistols are very much needed,
as those now in use by the footmen are old, worn out and
unreliable.
Some necessary repairs, such as plastering, kalsomining
and painting, are very much needed in the Police Barracks.
44 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
CASUALTIES AND CHANGES.
Resigned, 2 Private A. H. Corker, January 1, 1885; Pri
vate J. H. Thorpe, August 15, 1885.
Dismissed, 4.Private J. Crowley, March 20, 1885 ; Pri
vate T. Goss, March 12, 1885 ; Private E. J. Kelly, June 16,
1885 ; Piivate T. Morgan, January 6, 1885 ; Private A. A.
Mathis, September 18, 1885, and Piivate J. Crowley, Novem
ber 20, 1885.
Appointed, 6.Private T. Morgan, January 13, 1885; Pri
vate J. Collins, March 13, 1885 ; Private J. Crowley, April 1,
1885; Private E. J. Kdly, July 24, 1885; Private M. P. Stegin, October 31, 1885 ; Private D. Sullivan, October 31,
1885 ; Private J. T. Williams, October 31, 1885, and Private
R. W. Jantzen, November 2, 1885.
INVENTORY OF CITY PROPERTY AT POLICE BARRACKS.
42 Springfield Rifles, cal. 45.
19 Smith & Wesson's Pistols, cal. 45.
84 Colt's Pistols.
62 Pistol Holsters.
42 Bayonets and Scabbards.
42 Cartridge Boxes.
1000 Rounds of Rifle Ammunition.
500 Rounds of Pistol Ammunition.
61 AVaist Belts.
120Clubs.
61 Whistles.
78 Rattles.
61 Fire Keys.
16 Saddle Horses.
2 Wagon Horses.
17 Halters.
16 Bridles and Bis.
16 McClellan Saddles.
16 Saddle Cloths.
16 Pairs of Spurs.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 45
16 Pairs of Spur Straps.
1 Wagon.
1 Ambulance.
1 Harness.
1 Feed Cutter.
3 Curry Combs.
3 Brushes.
1 Rake.
1 Sh9vel.
60 Iron Bedsteads.
59 Mattresses.
59 Pillows.
60 Bed Spreads.
57 Spittoons.
3 Water Coolers.
12 Brooms.
6 Buckets.
6 Scrubbing Brushes.
10 Chairs.
1 Hat Rack.
24 Towels.
2 Wardrobes.
17 Blankets.
7 Tables.
7 Desks.
1 Clock.
2 Stoves.
12 Tin Plates.
2 Cups.
Uniforms on hand not in hands of the men :
13 Frock Coats.
10 Sack Coats.
1 Old Overcoat.
I am, sir,
Very respectfully,
R. H. ANDERSON,
Cldet of Police.
46 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF CITY MARSHAL
CITY MARSHAVS OFFICE,
SAVANNAH, December 31, 1885.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor:
SIRI herewith respectfully submit my report for the year
1885:
SIDEWALKS.
I have served notices where repairs have been necessary,
and lot owners who have not complied with the notice I
have reported to Council, and carried out instructions re
ceived.
GROUND RENTS.
All lots reported to this office by the City Treasurer in ar
rears for ground rent have been re-entered in compliance
with ordinance.
MARKET.
I have collected from rent of stalls $4,273 00
And for rent of stores 2,666 70
Making a total of $6,939 70
I have collected during the year $62,217.91, as follows :
Real estate 1875 $ 52 10
Real estate1876 100 57
Real estate1877 127 05
Real estate 1878 280 63
Real estate 1879 402 14
Real estate 1880 655 43
Real estate1881 1,158 40
Real estate 1882 2,939 10
Real estate1883 4,022 30
Real estate 1884 19,501 82$29,239 54
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 47
Stock in trade1884 434 88
Specific 1883 $ 184 00
Specific 1884 1,212 65
Specific 1885 20,887 85 22,284 50
Shipping 1883 11 50
Sale of city lots 670 32
Interest 166 41
Privy vaults 1,133 16
Street and LaneSale of horse 63 50
Pound sale 1 50
Sidewalk repairs 59 90
Market stalls $ 42 73
Market stores 2.666 70 6,939 70
Advertising 156 00
Fees 1,057 00
$62,217 91
I have the honor to be
Your obedient servant,
L. L. GOODWIN,
City Marshal.
48 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
ANNUAL REPORT OF CITY SURVEYOR.
CITY SURVEYOR'S OFFICE,
SAVANNAH, December 31, 1885.
To His Honor Rufus E. Lester, Mayor:
DEAR SIRThe following report of work done in the de
partments mentioned below is respectfully submitted :
Streets and Lanes, Parks and SquaresAlderman HAMLET
Chairman.
Dry CultureAlderman MELL Chairman.
Harbor and WharvesAlderman BOGART Chairman.
Public BuildingsAlderman NICHOLS Chairman.
STREETS AND LANES.
The force employed in this department, except in emer
gencies, has been as follows:
Superintendent 1
Foreman of Gangs 1
Stableman 1
Cleaning Catch Basins . . .. 2
Cleaning Crossings 2
Pavers 3
Laborers 20
Teamsters with single horse tilt carts 11
Total 41
At the commencement of the year there were eleven head
of stock employed. One old mule was sold on 3d of Febru
ary, and one of the horses died on the 3d of April. Two
mules were purchased on the 5th of February.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 49
BRICK SEWERS.
A single ring brick sewer, with an inside diameter of 27
inches, has been built in River street, east of Lincoln. The
lower story of the warehouses, as well as the street, had been
for a long time in a wet and unsanitary condition, the spring
water from the bluff increased by heavy and continued rains
rendering the street almost impassable. Length of sewer,
including branch to the river, 540 feet. The small drain ad
joining buildings on the south side of the street, built for
receiving the water from the house gutters, has been repaired
and is now in good order. As soon as practicable the street
will be regraded and repaved. )
PIPE SEWERS.
A 12-inch pipe sewer has been laid in River street, having
its outlet at the Ferry dock. Length 70 feet. Connecting
with this, and laid for the purpose of carrying off the hill
side springs, 160 feet of 6-inch pipe was run near"the south
ern side of the street.
One hundred and forty feet of 8-inch pipe has been laid
in Guerard street, running south from Walker street.
Sixty feet of 8-inch pipe across Waldburg street, between
Abercorn and Lincoln, as a conductor for the water accumu
lating on the southern side of the street in the adjacent low
land.
Thirty-two feet of 12-inch pipe in Price street, connecting
with the Bolton sewer, in place of wooden box sewer, de
cayed.
Eighty-four feet of 8-incli pipe in Farm street, connecting
with William street sewer, for an outlet to two lines of 6-
inch pipes laid in the adjoining lots, Nos. 30 and 31, on ac
count of their wet and iinsanitary condition.
The sewer in West Boundary street had again become
completely choked with sand washed down from the streets
on the western slope, the descent commencing at West Broad
street. The labor of cleaning the sewer commenced May
4
50 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
h
16th, and a force of from 40 to 45 men employed for several
weeks. The cheapest remedy for the evil would be to pave
gutters in the middle of the streets from which the accumu
lation comes, of the width of 15 feet. The streets most ur
gently requiring gutters are Zubly, Margaret, William, New,
Railroad and Jones.
CATCH BASINS.
The following catch basins have been built:
New Houston lane and Abercorn street 2
West Broad and Bay streets 2
President and W'hitaker streets 1
Bull and Broughton streets 1
River street east of Lincoln 6
River street near Ferry dock 1
Total 13
WOOD SEWERS.AND WATER WAYS.
The boxes for conveying surface water across Bull street
at Gaston have been renewed.
The open box water-way constructed last year on the south
side of Gwinnett street, extending 730 feet east of the Brow
drain, Springfield, has been extended up Gwinnett street to
Cemetery street, the side next the embankment raised, and a
floor of 1-inch boards along the entire length put down.
Length of new work 350 feet; width 3.2 feet.
PAVING.
New pavements of cobble stone have been put down at the
following points : SQ. YARDS
On Bay street, crossing Farm 220
On Liberty street, east of Arnold 1733
On Liberty street, east of Wheaton 166
Around Fountain, St. Julian and West Broad streets. .. 150
Gutter East Broad and Hull streets 20
Total 2289
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 51
The repairs to pavements as follows:
East Broad street, from Bay to Bryan 1800
Bay street, between West Broad and Randolph 1740
Bay street, between West Broad and Farm 150
Bay Lane, between Drayton and Abercorn 100
Congress street, between Jefferson and Montgomery. . 150
Drayton street, between Bay and Anderson 3010
River street, east of Randolph 300
River street, between Lincoln and Barnard 200 , Reynolds street, between WTheaton and Liberty 400
Wheaton street, between East Broad and Reynolds.. . 900
Whitaker street 543
West Broad 150
On East Broad street, taken up by Mutual Gas Light
Company and paid for by them 1700
Pine street, from West Broad to Farm 300
Gutters 145
Slip foot of Bull street 240
Randolph street 100
On Whitaker street, taken up by the Savannah, Skidaway and Seaboard Railroad Company and paid
for by them 1700
Total repairs 13628
CROSSINGS.
Fifty new crossings, with plank foot-ways, have been
put down 2434
Nine new crossings, with flag foot-ways ... 572
Eleven crossings with decayed plank foot-ways, have
been relaid with flag 313
Total in crossings 3319
RECAPITULATION OF PAVING.
New work 2239
Repairs 13628
Crossings 3319
Total 19236
52 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
The portions of streets named have been graded. Wald
burg street, between Abercorn and Lincoln, having a width
of 60 feet and length of 310 feet. Filling, 5 feet in depth.
The extension of Bay street, between West Boundary and
Wadley streets, and River street, between McGuire street
and the Savannah and Ogeechee Canal, and west of the canal,
connecting new railroad bridge with the street. This work
was done by the Central Railroad Company. From West
Boundary street eastward to Farm, Bay street was graded
by the city.
Gwinnett street, between Cemetery and West Boundary
streets, was washed in deep gullies by the rains of the latter
part of the summer. These gullies have been filled and the
surface of the street covered with broken brick and uniformly
graded.
The heavy and continued rains commencing about the
middle of August and lasting until the latter part of Octo
ber, produced much damage to all the streets on the eastern
and western slopes of the city. Ten extra teams were hired
and a large quantity of broken brick purchased to repair
them.
SEWER CONNECTIONS.
The ordinance requiring all sewer connections to be made
under the personal supervision of an employee of the city
has been instrumental in reducing the number of breaks in
the sewers. Forty-seven of these breaks have been repaired
during the past year, and the number will no doubt be re
duced from year to year.
PLANK ROADS.
St Julian street extended, from Randolph street east to the
Bilbo Canal, has, from the time of its opening been a trou
blesome medium of communication with the wharves of the
Savannah, Florida and Western Railroad, owing to the na
ture of the soil, which is easily mired. A plank road, 20
feet wide, has been laid down the whole length, measuring
2190 feet.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 53
Bay street, from the west side of Farm to Wadley street,
1275 feet, has been planked 34 feet in width west of West
Boundary, and 20 feet in width east to Farm street.
The following streets have been surfaced with gravel:
St. Julian street, between Barnard and Jefferson.
Bryan street, between Barnard and Jefferson; also, be
tween Barnard and Bull.
Jefferson, between Congress and Bay.
Congress, between Barnard and Jefferson.
Broughton lane, between Whitaker and Bull.
BRIDGES.
Two substantial bridges have been built during the year,
crossing the Savannah and Ogeechee Canal, one on the pro
longation of Bay street, and the other on that of River
street. These bridges were built by the Ocean Steamship
Company under an agreement with the city, contingent upon
the opening of Bay and River streets. The brick work of
both bridges rests on piles, and extends from a point 20 feet
each way from the center of the canal to the shore.- The
superstructures are of iron, covering the central span of 40
feet, and are 60 feet in width. The bridge on the line of
Bay street is intended exclusively for vehicles, that on River
street for both railroad and vehicles.
The bridge crossing Musgrove creek on the line of Gwin
nett has been re-planked. Length 60 feet; width 26 feet.
The loot bridges across the slips at foot of Drayton and
Lincoln streets, have had a new floor to each, and with the
one at Abercorn street have been re-painted.
New bridges have been laid on the Waters road, at its in
tersection with Gwinnett and Bolton streets.
Two hundred and twenty-five small bridges for street cross
ings have been put down.
RETAINING WALLS.
Retaining walls of wood have been placed at the following
points:
54 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
On each side of Gwinnett street, west of the Savannah,
Florida and Western Railway, 72 feet in length by 4 feet in
height.
At the eastern end of South Broad street, 20 feet in length
and seven feet in height.
At the Roberts street culvert, 18 feet long and 5 feet in
height.
Two hundred feet of curb on East Broad street, near
Gwinnett, and on Pine street 260 feet.
The pile work supporting the plank roads west of the Sav
annah and Ogeechee Canal, will, owing to decay, soon re
quire extensive repairs, involving a heavy expense to the city.
Arrangements have been made with the Central Railroad to
begin, as soon as the season of heavy traffic is over, to fill
up with earth to the level of the street with the view of ul
timately paving them. Fifty thousand feet of 3-inch plank
have been used in repairs during the year.
TREES.
Th'e number of dead trees has not been so great as in
former years. The work of removal was accomplished by
six men during the month of November. About 30 young
trees were planted in the month of February.
STONE BALLAST, ETC.
Two thousand running feet of flag-stone have been used in
the street crossings, and 2,000 additional feet purchased in
December. One thousand five hundred and eleven tons of
stone ballast have been bought, and 127 tons gravel.
PARKS AND SQUARES.
Two new walks have been laid in Monterey Square, run
ning north and south, of Baltimore paving brick, and one
new walk in Madison Square of Macon brick. Re-laid one
walk in Madison Square and two in Chippewa Square. One
new walk was put down in Wright Square and one re-laid.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 55
The number of trees planted in the squares is 70. Six
new benches have been placed in Whitfield Square. A
lawn mower has been purchased and used in the squares,
principally in Bull street, after the first mowing by scythes.
All the square railings have been keep in good repair.
A contract has been made for the thorough repair of the
railing around Forsyth Park.
Four men are employed in this department in Forsyth
Park and two in the squares.
DRY CULTURE.
The importance of providing a new outlet for the sewage
of the city, owing to the offensive condition of the Bilbo Canal,
has engaged the earnest attention of the Committee on Drain
age. Aside from the danger to the health of the citizens
living within reach of the foul exhalations from the canal,
especially during the summer months, the pollution of the
river water urgently demands that the sewage matters be
carried to some point free from these objections. After care
ful deliberation, Augustine Creek, by way of Timber Land
ing Creek, on the prolongation of Bolton street, appeared to
be the only practicable route and outlet. To construct a
sewer of sufficient capacity to carry off the entire rainfall
and sewage combined, would be so costly that the committee
deemed it best to provide only for the sewage and so much
of the storm water as could be carried off through a sewer
of moderate dimensions, to-wit: one having a diameter of
3 feet, permitting the overflow to pass off through the Bilbo
Canalthis overflow being storm water only. After deciding
on the outlet the committee carefully considered the subject
of adopting a more efficient plan for house sewage for the
city itself. Col. George E. Waring, of Newport, R. I., was
requested to visit the city and give his views with reference
to the adoption of what is known as the Separate System,
in which all house matters are carried off by pipe drains of
sufficient diameter, and do not connect with the storm water
sewers.
56 MAYORS ANNUAL REPORT.
Col. Waring visited the city in April and made an exami
nation of the proposed outlet and of the existing system of
sewerage. After being furnished with the necessary data,
on his return home a report and plan was prepared and for
warded to the committee in November.
The estimated cost is for the city proper $133,518 40
For the outlet 26,05175
Total $159,570 15
HUTCHINSON ISLAND.
No work of any consequence was done to the city's lands
on the island until October. An examination of the em
bankments shows an average settlement of about 10 inches
since their completion in 1883. The growth of the Bermuda
grass planted on the inner slope has been very rapid. I
would respectfully urge that, early in the spring, before the
growth of weeds commences, a suitable person be employed
to continue the work of transplanting, and also that one or
two men be employed to go regularly over the embankments,
cutting down the weeds while young. If this work is effec
tively done the embankments can be easily examined from
time to time and their condition ascertained. The island
sustained no damage during the storm of August 27, but on
the October, there being a freshet in the river from the
continued rains of the season and strong easterly winds with
spring tide, an extraordinary tide swept over the embank
ments and inundated most of the low lands along the coast.
The embankments on Hutchinson island, however, were not
topped, but were broken at several points by the water find
ing its way through cavities made by rats. The breaks have
all been repaired at comparatively small cost.
BILBO CANAL.
The retaining walls south of and adjoining the floodgate
being very much decayed, have been replaced by an entirely
new work of piles, with a sheathing of planed, grooved and
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 57
tongued plank, 4 inches in thickness and braced from each
side across the canal.
The railroad embankment on the east side of the canal
was broken in four places by the October high tide, and the
lands of Dr. W. S. Lawton overflowed. I cannot too
strongly urge the importance of making some arrangement
with the railroad company by which the grade of their em
bankment may be raised.
The brick retaining walls at the southern end of the Bilbo
Canal have been extended below the bridge on Gwinnett
street, a distance of .
Beneath the bridge the walls were built up high enough to
support the bridge timbers, furnishing a substantial and per
manent support. The sand carried into the canaj by the
Bolton street sewer has been repeatedly removed during the
year.
Seven men, including a foreman, have been regularly em
ployed, except during the annual cleaning out of the Bilbo
Canal in March, and during the time required in making re
pairs after the storms of August and October, when the force
was increased to 13.
DOCKS AND WHARVES.
The bulkhead of the public dock at West Broad street,
which was of wood and so much decayed as to be danger
ous, has been replaced with a substantial brick wall 4 feet 6
inches wide at bottom and 22 inches at top. The constant
repairs required by the use of a perishable material will, in
future, be avoided.
The city's wharf at the foot of Abercorn street has been
covered with new 3-inch plank, new joist and caps to the
piling, and a new fender log on the front of wharf.
A dredge was employed two days in removing a bar in the
river opposite the Whitaker street wharf, deposited by the
Whitaker street sewer.
PUBLIC BUILDINGS.
The following work has been done on the Exchange build-
58 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
ing: The entire exterior has been re-painted three coats.
The walls and ceiling oi the Council Chamber and Mayor's
office have been handsomely frescoed; the ceiling in the
Clerk's office re-plastered ; all the interior walls and ceilings
colored and kalsomined, and the wood work in the passage
ways re-painted. The clock faces and the vane and ball of
the cupalo have been re-gilded. A new closet of the tidal
wave pattern has been put up in the Treasurer's room.
A new shed has been built to the property at the foot of
West Broad street and covered with tin.
Respectfully submitted,
JOHN B. HOWARD,
City Surveyor.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 59
REPORT OF CHIEF ENGINEER SAVANNAH FIRE
DEPARTMENT.
OFFICE CHIEF ENGINEER
SAVANNAH FIRE DEPARTMENT,
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1886.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor of Savannah:
SIRI have the honor herewith to submit to your Honor
the annual report of the Savannah Fire Department for the
fiscal year ending December 31, 1885, showing the condition
of same, cost of maintenance, also number of fires, locations
and causes, owners and occupants of buildings, etc., losses
and insurance of property, strength of the permanent and
call, also the auxiliary force of the department.
PERMANENT FORCE AND COMPENSATION.
1 Chief Engineer $ 1,500 per annum
1 Superintendent Fire Alarm Telegraph. 900 "
3 Engineers of Steamers, each $1,000 ... 3,000
1 Tillerman of Truck 720
3 Drivers of Apparatus, each $720 2,160 "
5 Drivers of Apparatus, each $600 3,000
2 Relief Drivers', each $600 1,200
3 Hose and Laddermen, each $600 1,800
Total $14,280
CALL FORCE AND COMPENSATION.
1 Assistant Chief Engineer $ 450 per annum
4 Foremen of Companies, each $150 .... 600 "
25 Hose and Laddermen, each $100 2,500
Total $ 3,550
60 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
AUXILIARY FORCE OF VOLUNTEERS.
1 Foreman of Company.
25 Privates of Company.
ESTIMATE VALUE OF FIRE DEPARTMENT PROPERTY.
Apparatus $22,550
Bedding and Furniture 800
Department Uniforms and Badges 700
Fire Alarm Telegraph 12,000
Horses and Harness 5,000
Hose and Couplings 4,500
Supply Wagon, Cart, etc 250
Supplies, Tools, etc 700
Fire Bell 1,200
Real Estate ' 16,000
Total $63,700
PROPERTY OF THE FIRE DEPARTMENT.
Four steam fire engines, three two-wheel hose carts, one
large double-team four-wheel hose carriage, two four-wheel
hose carriages for single horse, fifteen horses, twenty-six
horse blankets, eight sets of old and new double harness,
twenty-eight beds and bedding complete, eight sets of old
and new single harness, five eight-day clocks, one lot of fur
niture, etc., thirty badges, one lot of general supplies, tools,
etc., four fire bells, and 4,500 feet of hose.
LOCATION OF APPARATUS
Remains the same as last year's report, there having been
no change made.
For further property of the Fire Department I respectful
ly refer you to the accompanying report of the Superintentendent of the Fire Alarm as to its condition, etc.
RUNNING CARD OF THE FIRE DEPARTMENT
Remains the same as heretofore, there having been no ad
ditional fire station added to the list.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 61
CALL FORCE.
This force cannot be too highly comtoended as to their
efficiency and promptness in responding to alarms and per
forming their duty at all times when called upon. But since
the taking down of the bell known as " Big Duke" this
force has felt the effect in answering or responding to
alarms, and have at all times imposed the heavy fines upon
them when failing to respond. The fines for non-attendance
at fires or alarms are as follows : Foremen of companies, five
dollars, and for the hose and laddermen, two dollars for each
occasion of their being absent. Therefore, I cannot too
hastily recommend the erection of the bell tower, and the
same be located in the neighborhood of Fireman Hall, as
most of the call force are engaged at their work and reside
in said locality. To place the said tower in the outskirts of
the city would be of no benefit to the firemen. And that the
said bell be struck by the fire alarm electric battery, and not
by hand, as heretofore. The ordinance creating the fire de
partment requires that all call men shall sleep at their re
spective stations; therefore, would recommend that two dozen
single iron cots and proper bedding, and proper service coat
and fire hat be furnished to each of the call men.
PERMANENT FORCE.
This force is also worthy of the highest praise for conduct
and efficiency and for excellent time made in leaving their
quarters in time cf an alarm being turned in, the time hav
ing been taken on several test alarms, and from the time of
the first stroke of the gong the horses leave their stalls, go
ing to their apparatus to be hitched up, and leaving the
house in ten or twelve seconds from the time of the first
stroke. Therefore I would respectfully recommend that this
force be increased in its number so that the apparatus may
be accompanied with men sufficient to work the machines on
arrival at fires; as the time of leaving their quarters and ar
riving at fires has so much improved that it is a matter of
62 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
impossibility for any of the call men to be present at the fire
on arrival of the machine unless the call men have proper
alarm, or are working, or may be in the direction that the
fire may be, as there is nothing more important than to have
the men with the apparatus on their arrival at fires, etc.
CONDITION OF HOUSES.
Engine house of Engine No. 2 is poorly constructed for
the purpose it is being used for; the sleeping room is on the
third floor, and when the apparatus leaves the house the
men who are asleep are compelled to be waited on or be left,
which is bad policy in time of fire, when no time is to be lost.
The engine room is also badly constructed, as it was intend
ed for volunteer companies, and not for paid system, as the
fire service has now become a matter of business.
Engine house of Engine No. 3, at Fireman Hall, has be
come insufficient to house all the apparatus comfortably
therein, it being also erected for hand apparatus as used
years back, and not those of the present. The wagon and
one of the hose carriages have to be left outside on the side
walk for want of room. I respectfully recommend that steps
be taken to enlarge the said house by an addition, or other
wise.
Engine house of Engine No. 1 is needing slight repairs,
plastering, painting, etc., as well as all the others, more or
less.
Hook and Ladder house requires to be ceiled as well as
painted inside, as the roof rafters are all exposed, and it
has not a very neat appearance for a fire station in such a
prominent location, as the same is known as Fireman Hall,
or Headquarters of the Fire Department.
Hose house No. 1 is needing some slight repairs about the
roof and elsewhere.
Fireman Hall, or Head Quarters, where all extra appli
ances, together with Engine Co. No. 3 and Hook and Ladder
Truck Co. No. 1 are stationed, is badly in need of a sewer
connection. In hot weather it is impossible to leave the
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 63
back door of the house open, from the odor that arises from
the privy vault, and necessary steps should be taken at once
while the digging of streets is being allowed by ordinance.
The said difficulty is injurious to the health of the men and
neighbors.
CONDITION OF HORSES.
Considerable difficulty has been experienced during the
past year on account of the unfitness of some of the horses,
causing at times some delay, as some of the horses that were
being used had been condemned and transferred to the other
city department not requiring same kind of horses as the
Fire Department, and were at times required to use the horses
mentioned when others were laid up for treatment, some
from lameness, some on account of age. During the past
year one horse was sold, one transferred to the Police De
partment, and one to the Street and Lane Department, some
few more remaining to be disposed of. During the past year
one horse was purchased, and are now about to purchase
six more, of which some are now in use and others will be
used as soon as they recover from the attack of cold and fe
ver, and more so from the change of climate, the said horses
having been purchased in Ohio.
CONDITION OF APPARATUS.
Engines Nos. 2 and 3 are in first-class order, except suc
tions of No. 3.
Engine No. 1 requires new wheels, new rear axle, and new
suctions.
Reserve steamer needs new suctions and some extensive
repairs to boiler, or furnished with a new one. Hose carts
are all in good condition, one having broken an axle but is
now waiting on new one. Hose carriage of Hose Co. No. 1
is in very poor condition, it having been built for hand pur
poses and not for horses.
CONDITION OF HOOK AND LADDER TRUCK.
This truck has gone under some slight repairs during the
64 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
past year, and is now in fair condition, excepting some of the
ladders, which will need some repairs and be painted, and
will soon require new tires on wheels in order to save the
same, as the tires are becoming very much worn out.
CONDITION OF THE HARNESS.
All the harness is in fair condition, and some is new, but
some of the same will have to go through some change about
the collars on account of the new horses being much larger
than those that have been in use.
CONDITION OF HOSE. * '
There is now in the department three thousand five hun
dred feet of good hose, and nine hundred feet of middling
good, all rubber hose, and one hundred feet of worthless
hose.
NOZZLES, SHUT-OFF AND PLAIN,
Are all in good order, and a great saving of property at
fires from being damaged by water has been the result since
the purchase of the shut-off nozzles and placing relief valves
on the engines.
ADDITIONAL FIRE HYDRANTS, &c.
There are certain localities in the city where additional
fire hydrants are needed, which would be a great saving in
hose, not requiring such long lines to be laid at times ; also,
there are some hydrants which need to be moved in order
that the apparatus may be coupled to same without difficulty.
COST OF MAINTENANCE.
Pay Roll from Dec. 1,1884, to Dec. 1, 1885 $16,822 36
Rent No. 2 Engine House 420 00
Bell Tower, taking down and examining 123 25
Fire Alarm Supplies and Repairs 354 97
Telephone Rent 60 00
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 65
Treatment of Horses, and Medicine 71 13
Harness and Repairs 353 95
Printing and Stationery 53 95
Hose and Nozzles, etc 1,045 74
Horses 242 50
Beds, Mattrasses, Blankets and Sheeting 28 60
Forage for Horses 1,262 68
LumbeV, Saw Dust and Straw 149 37
Gas Light 225 69
Fuel, Coal, Wood, etc 154 35
Repairs Engine Houses 56 68
Meals for Men at Fires 59 80
Supplies, General 480 66
Horseshoeing and Resetting 178 36
Apparatus, new, Repairs, etc 4,042 31
Total $26,186 35
The above account charged to apparatus, new, and repairs,
includes the purchasing of the interest from the Werner
Hook and Ladder Company of the hook and ladder truck,
the rebuilding and freight to and from Elmira, N. Y., of En
gine No. 2, also the purchase of the large four-wheel hose
carriage, and all repairs to engines, truck, hose carts, wagon,
cart, etc.
FURTHER RECOMMENDATIONS.
For the better protection of the fire alarm battery, that
the same be removed from the Exchange building, and that it
be placed at Fire Department Head Quarters. To purchase
a large striker and machine complete for the Big Duke fire
bell, and a suitable tower be erected for same at Head Quar
ters, and said tower to be erected so as to be used as a hose
tower also for drying and preserving the hose.
To purchase additional fire alarm boxes, to be placed in
localities where fire protection is needed ; also to purchase
two one-horse hose carriages, hose and all requirements and
outfits for same, and locate one in the southwestern and one
66 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
in the southeastern portions of the city, where more protec
tion to life and property are needed.
To purchase two six or eight-gallon fire extinguishers and
eight tarpaulins, to be placed and carried on the hook and
ladder truck. Oftentimes these extinguishers save the heavy
hose from being laid out, and wear and tear of same, for a
slight fire, and the tarpaulins for covering goods and furni
ture on lower floors when fires occur on upper part of build
ing, or for various purposes in connection with the service.
To purchase new sets of plug and river suctions for No. 1
and No. 3 steamers and also for reserve engine. Should the
services of these engines be required at the river they would
be compelled to abandon the task on account of the old and
leaky suctions now in charge of and on said apparatus. Also
to purchase two thousand feet of hose, same as noiw in use
by this department.
In accordance with the ordinance requiring the recording
and inspection by the Chief of the Fire Department of all
new buildings being erected and altered, I have to report a
total of 460 buildings, as follows :
Buildings, new 401
Buildings, remodeled 59
Total 460
MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION.
Wood 346
Brick 53
Iron 2
Total 401
Above buildings to be occupied as follows :
Wood dwellings, 1 story 101
2 stories 152
3 stories 23
" stores, 1 story 5
" 2 stories 14
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 67
Wood kitchens, 1 story
" stables, 1 story 13
" " 2 stories 4
" sheds, 1 story 6
" offices, 1 story 3
2 stories 1
" laundries, 2 stories ..,.-. 3
" bakery, 1 story.... 1
" churches, 1 story 2
2 stories 1
" school, 1 storv 1
" ice house, 1 story 1
" saw mill, 1 story 1
" lodge hall, 2 stories 1
" shops, 1 story 6
Total 346
Brick dwellings, 1 story 2
2 stories 24
3 stories 4
" stores, 1 story 8
" 2 stories 4
" 4 stories 2
" bank, 3 stories 1
" stable, 1 story 1
" saloon, 1 story 1
" boiler houses, 1 story 2
" arsenal, 3 stories 1
" academy of arts, 2 stories 1
" lodge hall, 2 stories 1
" office, 1 story 1
Total 53
Iron factory, ice, 1 story 1
" storehouse, 1 story 1
Total 2
68 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Remodeled or altered:
Wood dwellings 29
" stores, offices and stables 5
Brick dwellings 8
" stores 8
" hospital, etc 2
" school 1
" armory 1
" bakery 3
" offices 2
Total 59
A general desire on the part of owners and builders to con
form to the ordinance requiring permits to build or repair
before any work is begun.
FIRES AND ALARMS.
There has been a total of 97 alarms during the past year,
an increase of 20 for the preceding year ; the prompt attend
ance of the department in all cases preventing serious losses.
Alarms by telegraph 58
" by telephone 4
" by wind and falling poles, etc 4
" local 30
" special call 1
Total 97
For losses and insurance see statistics.
CAUSES OF FIRES AND ALARMS.
Oven over-heated 1
Defective flues 2
Incendiaryknown and supposed 32
Unknown 7
Chimneys, sparks, cracks and foul 18
Gas jets 2
Stoves and pipes 6
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 69
Tugboat sparks 1
Electric light sparks 1
Mischievous boys 2
Lard pot boiling over 1
Test alarm by Chief 1
Special call by Chief 1
Lamp explosion 1
Combustion, spontaneous, lime 1
Rekindling of same fires 3
Rubbish burning I
Accidental 1
Gas generators 2
Cross on wires by rebuilding telephone lines 4
Boiler furnace 1
Carelessness 8
Total 97
In conclusion, I desire to express my thanks to His Honor
the Mayor for the earnest support given to effect the present
discipline and efficiency of this branch of city government;
also return my sincere thanks to the officers and members of
the Fire Department for their hearty co-operation and will
ingness to perform all duties which have been required of
them during the past year; to the Chief of Police and his
department my thanks are also due for efficient aid rendered
at fires; also to the citizens in general who so kindly aided
the members of this department on occasions of threatening
conflagrations.
Respectfully submitted,
ADOLPH FERNANDEZ,
Chief Engineer Savannah Fire Department.
Property ofMayor*8 Office
Savannah, On.
70 . MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
SAVANNAH, GA., December 31, 1885.
Adolph Fernandez, Chief Savannah Fire Department:
DEAR SIRI beg to submit the following report of the
city fire alarm telegraph system for the year ending Decem
ber 31, 1885:
There has been 58 alarms given since my last report, and
67 keys relieved, showing that more than one box was pulled
at the same time in sounding an alarm. I would respectfully
recommend, for the better protection of property, the pur
chase and placing in position of a few more fire alarm boxes.
The expenses of the system for the year have been for
purchase of supplies, $355.11, a saving of $16.57, compared
with the previous year, as follows:
1884 $371 68
1885 355 11
$ 16 57
The telegraph system is now in first-class order, and work
ing satisfactorily, as is evidenced by the few failures of the
alarm to sound during the year.
Property on hand and in use :
27 Signal Boxes.
1 Station, Police Barracks.
7 Large Gongs.
4 Small Gongs.
1 Call Bell.
125 Cells of Battery, complete.
16 Miles of Wire.
1 Set of Repeaters.
1 Striking Machine.
1 Pair of Climbers.
1 Set of Pulleys.
1 Vise.
1 Pair of Pliers.
1 Hatchet.
1 Saw.
1 Shovel.
DETAILED STATEMENT OF FIRES AND ALARMS, LOSSES AND INSURANCE, FROM JANUARY 1 TO DECEMBER 31 1885.
Jan.
4
5
10
13
17
19
28
Feb.
2
3
8
10
12
12
19
20
23
Mar.
12
15
26
29
31
Apr.
2
3
3
8
12
14
18
19
22
May
4
20
24
25
25
28
31
June
1
2
6
12
19
19
20
21
24
27
July
6
9
18
27
Aug.
2
5
9
20
20
28
Sept.
5
9
11
13
15
20
21
22
Oct.
1
2
23
Nov.
11
11
14
20
24
25
29
Dec.
2
5
6
5
5
7
8
10
10
11
11
15
16
28
28
31
31
6 50 a m
5 10 pm
7 00am
6 00pm
10 30 p m
6 30 am
11 55 pm
5 25 a m
5 00 p m
1 30 a m
2 30 pm
9 10 pm
10 20 pm
11 50 a m
5 00 pm
11 30 am
11 30 p m
7 45 p m
11 05 p m
2 45 a m
12 15 a m
6 30 am
10 45 p m
2 05 p m
10 55 p m
2 15 a m
1 30 a m
7 In p m
9 00 pm
6 20 p in
2 10 am
1 30 pro
1 30 a m
4 30 p m
6 00 a m
1 35 p m
II 30 pm
11 30 p m
7 00
9 25
5 00
12 30
4 00
4 45
11 20
2 00
7 30
9 00
a m
pm
p m
pm
pm
p m
pm
a m
p m
pm
2 10 am
11 50 p m
11 35 p m
2 50pm
12 45 am
12 08 am
12 40 a m
2 50 a in
1 30 pm
7 00pm
9 15 pm
3 40 am
10 45 p m
10 55 p m
3 20 am
8 00 pm
1 20 pm
3 30 am
2 05am
3 20am
2 30 am
10 50 a m
11 50 am
5 30 p m
10 43 p m
2 45 p m
6 40 p m
12 05 a m
5 10 pm
3 00 pm
1 05 p m
11 05 p m
4 10 pm
3 45a m
11 55 a m
235pm
6 15 p m
1 50am
11 50 p m
12 35 a m
2 45 am
1 55am
4 00 pm
9 10 am
1 50pm
5 30 am
7 <0 a m
6 20 pm
6 45 pm
4 and 12..
Local
15
31
Local..
17
23 ;
31
12"!";"."!!!;
6
u
21
31 and 28..
lo and 36..
12
Michael Feely
Patrick McNally
John H. Ruwe
George P. Byrnes
First Presbyterian Church
Daniel Connor :
John Schwarz
Jas. M. Butler
H. Blun and John Derst....
G. H. Remshart & Bros
Annie E. Obynes
Charles Graham
Estate Pierce Condon
M. Cohen and H. Wise
Several
L. M. Borchart
36
Local..
25
15
31
Local..
32
15........
14
Local..
Local..
Local..
Local..
45
Local
16
Local
12
16 and 25..
Local....
Local
Local
Local
Telephone..
27
Special Call
12
41 and Telephone
Telephone
Local
Local
Local..
41
14
15
41
14
14
45
Local..
16
45
Local
12
17
4
Local..
Local..
Telephone..
Local
14
Local
32
4 and 35
Local
Local
23 and 21
46
15
Local..
46
Local
23 and 32...
Telephone
41..
32
36
42
13 and 12...
23
Local
23
Local
Local
NAME OP OWNER.
Several
Patrick McNally
John H. Huwe
Several
First-Presbyterian Church
Daniel Connor
Sol. Tlshler
August Pratt
\V7
ehrenberg & Selenger ,
N. Paulen and Floyd
J. K. Lee and others
J. Johnson and others
Geo. M. Icard
H. Wise and J. Mock ,
Several
Thomas Nugent
Jas. "R. "Ward
Patrick O'Connor
Jas. Buckley
-second African Church..
S. A. Goeble
On Street, City
Wires
K. Powers
Andrew Hanley
Dr. Ulmer
John Herb
J. B. Gaudry
Heillyaud Gemunden....
Chaplain and Grimble....
He^ry R. Remshart
John H. Hennessey
John Flannery
n. Dillon and Children ....
George Helmken
JSteam Lighter Company..
Eliza Heimson
J. J. McDonough & Co..
Charles Fills
George Deiter
City...,
Several
Several
S. P. Shotter...
City ;..
Unknown
Louis Borris
H. Thomason
Catharine Koch .
NAME OF OCCUPANT. HOW OCCUPIED.
Dwelling
Dwelling and Shoe Store
Bakery and Candy Factory..
Dwellings
Church
Dwelling
Tailor Shop
Several
Patrick O'Connor
James Buckley
Second African Church..
C. H. Watts
E. T. Harden
Wires
Unoccupied
Andrew Hanley
Dr. Ulmer
John Herb
J. B. Gaudry
Rellly and Gemunden..
Several
Henry R. Remshart
John H. Hennessey
-*. Sleinman
T. West and others
George Heimken
Steam Lighter Company.
Fliza Heimson
J. J. McDonough & Co..
Charles Ellis
Fd. Gleason
i Hem. Saussy...
Several
Several........%:;
S. P. Stiotter.;..
Lots w
Unknown
Louis Borris
Davidson & Miller.
Catharine Koch
George Renken George Renken and Fay..
Union Society .H. Myers and others
James Atkins Ed. Gleason
ii. D. Fulton .J. F. Phillips
R. D. Fulton J. F. Phillips
Wires I Wires
Mutual Gas Light Company [Mutual Gas Light Company
John Westerman J. H. Kemps
i hatham Academy Trustees Chatham Academy Trustees
M. J. Doyle John Grehan and others
John Schwarz ' Wheeler & Wilson, Tlshler and Davis]
C. L. Gilbert and others iC. L. Gilbert and others
Mutual Gas Light Company .'.Mutual Gas Light Company
Mutual Gas Light Company ]Mutual Gas Light Company
Alfred Kent |H. Connilhe and others
Benjamin Gammon [Benjamin GammonAlex. Dunn :Several
Phillip M. Russell, Jr ^Several
Smith & Kelly
Ellen O'Lee
Mrs. A. F. Farrier
Estate
F.state
of
H.
Hoover
J. Dickerson :
Whiteside, Duckworth and Central Railroad.
D.
F. R.
McCall
Gillmis
:
N.C.Mills, Agent
M. B. Millen
Central Railroad, etc
Ellen O'Lee
Simon Mitchell
Several
Gracie Hicks
Several
D. McCall
Ellen Pulit
Sam Hermann and others..
M. B. Millen
Johanna Walsh
J. Echoly
Thomas Houlihan
Thomas Theuss
Carl Schultz
Mrs. S. A. Minis
Mrs. S. A. Minis
John Porter
Mary Morgan
John E. Powers
Ocean Hteamship Company..
Luke Deignan
Rufus E. Lester, Guardian
Roger McGloin
D. Cox and others
Several
A. S. Robertson
Johanna Walsh
J. Echoly
Several
several
J. Starks
Blitch, Hunter & Kyan
Blitch, Hunter & Ryan
Unoccupied
Mrs. Morgan H. Geeks and others..
Michael Deigan
H. M. Comer and others
W. A. Johnson
1). G. Heidt
Rebecca Green
D. Cox and others
Several
Grocery and Bar
Dwelling, Bar, Oyster House.
Cotton Pickery and Grocery..
Dwelling
Bar
Dwelling
Dwellings
Stables, Dwellings and Store.'
Bakery
Total..
2 story Frame
Test Alarm
1 and 3 story Frame
4 story (Stone
3 story Brick
2 story Frame
3 story Frame
Sy,_ story Frame
Several Brick and Frames
2 story Brick
Dwellings
Wheelwright
Butcher shop, etc...
church
Bar and Dwelling...
Total
I story Frames
1 and 2 story Brick and Frame.
2 story Frame
2 story F'rame
3 story Brick
Street
Wires
Dwelling
Paint, Oil and Door Store..
Drugstore
Dwelling
Dwelling
Dwelling
Stable
Dwelling
Grist Mill
Bar and Dwelling
Crockery Store and Hall...
Bakerj*
Steamboat Wood
Dwelling
Planing Mill
Dwelling
Dwelling
Wires
Experimental Purposes..
Wires
Dwellings
Dwellings
Dwelling
Lots, Grass r ire
STYLE OF BUII.DING.
1% Frames
2 story Brick....
3 story Brick....
2 story Frame..
2 story Brick....
2 story Frame..
1 story Brick....
TotalBale of Cotton
Wires
2 story Brick
4 story Brick
3 story Frame and Brick
3 story Frame
3 story Frame
3 story Frame
1 story Brick
'1 story Brick
1 story Frame
3 story Brick
1 story Frame
Wood
IK story Frame..
2 story Frame
3 story Brick
2 story Brick
Wires
Stack Wood
Wires
2 story Frame
2 story Frame
3 story Brick
Lots
Total..
Total..
Grocery and fear
J^elling
Shoe and Furniture Store '3 story "Brick
Dwelling 2 story Frame.
1 story Frame
1% story Frame..
Total..
Wheelwright and Stables 1and 2 story Frames..
Toy Store and Dwelling 2 story F'rame
Stables IIstory Brick..
Total..
Store and Dwelling..
Store and Dwelling..
Wires
Gas Works
Grocery, Bar and Dwelling
School
Bar and Dwelling
Machine, Stationery, Tailor Store.
Warehouse and Wharf
Gas Works 2story Brick
Gas Works 2story Brick
Dwellings 2story Brick.
2s1ory Frame..
2 story Frame..
Wires
2 story Brick....
2 story Frame..
3 story Brick....
4 story Brick....
1 story Brick....
1 story Brick....
TotalCarpenter Shop..
Dwellings
Dwellings
Cotton Lighter
Dwelling
Clothing Store
Dwellings
Dwelling
Stables and Cotton and Press..
Bakery and Dwelling
Dwelling
Stable and Dwelling
Dwelling
Total..
1 story Brick and Frame
2 story Frame
1 story Frame
Lighter Boat
1 story Frame
2 story Brick
2 story Frame
1 story Frame
1 story Brick
2)4 story Frame...
1%story Frame...
2 story Brick
2 story Frame
Total..
1,191 51
8 00
5 00
3 00
135 00
6 00
1,000 00
2,318 51
3,000 00
3,171 17
4,442 11
2 25
23 00
7 20
1,2H4 97
24,000 00
57 00
35,967 73
29 3o
5 75
1,473 35
67 40
129 50
1,705 3 $ 20,000 00
100 00
75 00
7 00
""is 00
3 75
400 00
600 75
23 00
3 00
203 49
315 00
50 00
iod
593 49
3 00
9 00
25 00
2,100 00
ii'oo
2,148 00
1,050 00
582 83
88 00
1,720 83
40 00
312 00
132 80
1,425 00
1,909 80
8 00
2,413 46
25 00
350 00
1,495 93
3 00
10 00
5 00
950 00
5,260 39
40 00
2 00
3 00
INSURANCE
1,200
1,100
20,000
600
12,000
1,800
4,500
41,200
4,800
13,700
14,500
4,250
2,500
4,700
4,200
80,10u
4,000
132,750
2,000
5,000
2,300
9,000
1,700
70,000
2,500
1,400
5,800
7,900
87,600
2,500
4,000
4,400
38,750
750 00
50,400
18,000
4,500
4,800
3,500
"ti'iiOO
$ 37,000 00
1,050
49,000
1,000
51,050
350
1,600
7,500
2,250
11,700
20,000
4,100
10,000
4,500
15,960
6,800
20,000
.20,000
1,300
LOCATION.
S. E. cor. West Broad and Williamson sts
E. side East Broad, N. of Broughton st
S. side Bay St., bet. Abercorn and Lincoln
Rear No. 11 Congress St., E. of Houston
Bull st. to Drayton, Taylor to Wayne st
W. side West Broad, bet. South Broad and Hull sts..
E. side Bull st., S. of York st
Seven alarms.
S. W. cor. Railroad st. and West Boundary
Cor. Bull and Gaston sts
N. side Broughton, bet. Drayton and Abercorn
N. W. cor. Bay and Barnard sts
S. E. cor. Bay lane and Jeft'erson st
Bear S. W. cor. Kay lane and East Broad
S. side Liberty St., E. of Drayton
N. side Taylor St., W. of Whitaker
Bet. Zubly, Harrison, Laurel and Walnut sts
S. side Bay lane, W. of Jefferson
Ten alarms.
S. W. cor. Lumber and Indian st. Lane
S. side President, W. of East Broad
Reynolds, W. side, S. of Perry st
State St.; S. side, E. of Hrice st
N. W. cor. Barnard and Gaston sts
Five alarms.
Urfder Bluffand Whitaker st
Bay and Fast Broad sts
East Broad, E. side, and Broughton st. lane....'.!!.'.'.'
Whitaker St., W. side. cor. President and York sts....
N. W. cor. Houston st. and Broughton st. lane
S. E. cor. Drayton and Perry sts
S. E. cor. Perry and Bull sts
Broughton St., N. side, E. of Lincoln
New Houston st. lane, E. of Montgomery
Nine alarms.
Jones St., N. side, W. of Whitaker
Hull St., N. side, W. of 1 ast Broad
Si E. cor. Congress lane a>id West Broad
S. W. cor. Jeflerson and Broughton
South Broad, S. side, K. of Last Broad
N. side Savannah river, opp. Reynolds st
Randolph, E. side, S. of President
Seven alarms.
Charlton St., N. side, W. of East Broad
S. side South Broad, E. of Drayton
S. side York St., W. of Barnard
Jones and Lincoln
Bay St., N. side, E. of Drayton, opp. Cotton''E'x'change.'!!,
Bay and Jefferson sts
Third St., S. side, W. of Lincoln !!!!
Third St., S. side, W. of Lincoln
N. side Gaston, bet. Abercorn and Lincoln
S. of Anderson st., E. of Drayton
Ten alarms.
S. side Louisville road, E. of Augusta road
Second st., S. side W. of Habersham
Broughton St., N. side, W. of Whitaker st
Congress St., S. side, W. of Price
Four alarms.
S. E. cor. of Bull and Anderson sts
Whitaker st., W. side, N. of President
Bryan St., N. side, E. of Whitaker st !'.'.;'.'.!!!
S. E. cor. New Houston and Montgomery
S. E. cor. New Houston and Montgomery .^-*.i.
South Broad and East Broad !Wind storm
Six alarms.
Crack in chimney.
.' ccidenfal.
Foul chimney.
Foul chimney.
Defective flue.
Carelessness.
Lamp explosion.
Supposed incendiary.
By Chief.
Supposed incendiary.
Unknown.
Chimney.
Unknown.
Spark from chimney.
Spark from chimney.
A. ischievous boys.
Carelessness.
Carelessness.
Incendiary.
Supposed incendiary.
Incendiary.
Supposed incendiary.
Carelessness.
Falling telegraph pole on wires
Incendiary.
Lime combustion.
Incendiary.
1' oul chimney.
Stove.
Chimney.
Incendiary.
Unknown.
Furnace, boiler.
Unknown.
Unknown.
Lard boiling over.
Unknown.
Incendiary.
Spark from stack chimney.
Gas jet.
Stove pipe.
Placing new telephone wires.
Chief of Department
Placing new telephone wires.
Incendiary.
Re-kindling of same fire.
Gasjet.
Boys playing with fire.
Incendiary, outside city limits.
Incendiary.
Incendiary.
Stove pipe.
Incendiary.
Incendiary.
Carelessness, smoking.
Incendiary.
Re-kindling of same fire.
9 102,660 00
2,700
2,500
Rear Bay St., S. side, E. of East Broad
N. W. cor. Montgomery and Henry sts
South Broad St., S. side, W. of Drayton
Bryan St., N. side, E. of Barnard
N. E. cor. Y'ork st. lane and Bull st
River St., N. side, bet. Farm and West BroadRear Bay St., N. side, E. of East Broad st
Rear Bay St., N. side, E. of East Broad st........
Anderson st., S. side, E. of West Broad st
Nine alarms.
S. E. cor. Lincoln and St. Julian sts
State St., N. side, W. of Lincoln st
New Houston St., S. side, W. of Boroughs si..
45 00
45 00
Stable and Dwelling 1and 2 story Frame
Store and Dwelling tl story Frame...
Dwellings 2J^story Frame
Dwellings 2story Frame...
Dwelling 2story FrameStore and Dwelling 2story Frame...
Store and Dwelling 2story Frame...
For Dwelling 2story Frame...
Store, Bar and Dwelling 2story Frame...
.Dwelling 3story FrameCotton Warehouse 1story Brick
Shoemaker's Shop 1story Frame....
Dwelling 3story Brick
Dwelling 11story Frame
Stables and Dwelling - - - ^
Grass Plantation, etc
Dwelling
Total.
52 00
5 00
250 00
785 00
s'oo
233 00
1,046 00
2,421 00
25 00
800 00
15 00
5 00
3 00
700 00
1 and 2 story Frame and Brick,
z'story Frame !!!!
Total..
Grand Totals..
600 00
2,900 00
isob
75 00
3 00
175 00
15 00
5,331 00
60,050 70
5,200
8,000
650
16,000
3,000
Three alarms.
275,000
1,800
225
5,000
8,000
307,675
1,300
800
900
1,500
1,250
1,050
Taggart Coal Wharf, foot of Gas House Hill
Anderson St., N. side, West of Drayton st
Broughton st., S. side, E. of Barnard
N. of Broughton, bet. Reynolds and West Boundary
W. side West Broad St., opp. Hail st
N. side River st., bet. Farm st. and Canal
S. W. cor. Price and President st
N. W. cor. St. Gaul and Orange st
McDonough St., N. side, E. of Jefferson
S. E. cor. Price and Huntingdon st ,'..
Ten alarms.
Rear, N. side Broughton st., in lane, E. of Price
White Bluff road and S., F. & \y. R'y crossing !.
750
3,750
2,000
325,000
500
5,000
700
6,500
2,500 00
353,500
1,200,735
60,050
S. side Bay St., E. of East Broad st...
E. side East Broad, opp. Hall st
S. side Perry St., E. of Drayton
8. E. cor. Gaston and West Broad
S. E. cor. Gaston and West Broad
S. W. cor. Habersham and Duffy sts..
S. E. cor. Wilson and Walker sts
Margaret st., N. side, bet. Farm and W. Broad
W. side Ogeechee canal, N. of Bay st. bridge
Bryan st., N. side, bet. Ann and Farm st
S. E. cor. South Broad and West Broad sts
New Houston lane, S. side, W. of Bull st
S. W. cor. South Broad, West Broad and Wiiiiam sis
N. side Savannah river, opp. city
N. side Jones.'W. of East Broad st
Seventeen alarms.
Ninety-seven alarms.
S 1,140,684 30 Insurance over losses.
Carelessness.
Supposed Incendiary.
Incendiary.
Incendiary.
Incendiary.
Incendiary.
Generator stack.
Generator stack.
Incendiary.
Incendiary.
Incendiary.
Spark from chimney.
Spark from Tugboat.
Foul chimney.
Spark from electric light.
Spark from chimney.
Incendiary.
Incendiary.
Lighting fire in oven.
Spark from chimney.
Defective flue.
Incendiary.
Spark from stove pipe.
Incendiary.
Spark from chimney.
Carelessness.
Spark from chimney.
Incendiary.
Re-kindling of same fire.
Incendiary.
Incendiary.
Chimney, foul.
Unknown.
Stove pipe.
Chimney.
Sparks from chimney.
Carelessness.
Burning rubbish.
Stove pipe.
December 31, 1885. ADOLPH FERNANDEZ, Chief Engineer Savannah, Ga., Fire Department.

MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 71
2 Screw Drivers.
1 Set of Inspector's Tools.
1 Hydrometer.
NOT IN USE.
12 Battery Jars.
30 Zinc.
25 Coppers.
i Mile of Wire.
I also report the expenses of keeping city clock in order
for past year as follows : $124.68; and respectfully report the
clock in good running order.
Very respectfully,
J. W. JONES,
Superintendent Fire Alarm.
72 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT SAVANNAH
WATER WORKS.
SAVANNAH, GA., December 31, 1885.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor:
SIRI respectfully report the following as the workings of
the Water Works Department under my superintendence
for year past:
ENGINES.
As in my last report the pumping duties have been, I may
say, entirely performed hy the large five million gallons
pump. The small pump not having the capacity to keep up
the necessary supply has been put in service only when ne
cessary to make slight repairs, as repacking the large pump,
etc., the whole time of operating the small pump being
some hours less than ten days during the j'ear.
But few and slight repairs have been needed to the large
pump. Valve stems drawing, a new set of rubber valves, re
pair register, and adding a steam stop valve comprise all the
repairs. The working of our large pump has been very sat
isfactory. Now, after being constantly in operation for three
years, night and day, it has failed to show any derangement
or frictional wear, but moves on with the same might and
majesty as in its early operation.
The small pump is kept in complete order for emergencies.
BOILERS.
Both sets of boilers are in good condition. One small
blister was found on boiler No. 1 of twenty inches superficial
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 73
area, which was cut off and the remaining thickness of iron
found to be sound. The brickwork to furnaces has required
frequent repairs, and, with new furnace door linings of one
furnace, has been the extent of the repairs found necessary.
SITE AND BUILDINGS.
The engine and boiler houses are in good order. The
metal roofs of both have had put on a coat of paint. Venti
lators have been added to boiler house, the heat being so
intense in the boiler-room during the summer months from
the large and low flat roof as to be at times intolerable.
The grounds and fences have been cared for, and the site
cleared up as opportunity offered.
EXTENSIONS.
The extension of mains has been three thousand, nine
hundred and ninety (3,990) feet, on the following streets :
On New street, 4-inch pipe 300 feet
On William street, 4-inch pipe 312 "
On Anderson street, 10-iuch pipe 1,350 "
On Henry street, 6-incli pipe 300 "
On West Broad street, 6-incli pipe 750 "
On Huntingdon street, 6-inch pipe 588 "
On East Broad street, 6-inch pipe 390 "
Total 3,990 "
Which, added to the mains previously laid, makes a total
of thirty-two and seven-eighths (32|) miles of distributing
mains in the city.
The extension at some time in the near future of about
fourteen (14) thousand feet of 6-inch pipe would equip all
streets running east and west from the central 16-inch and
12-inch to mains on West Broad and East Broad streets.
This would give a much better circulation and deration, pro
ductive of healthy beneficial results well worthy of the out
lay. Ten (10) additional fire hydrants have been placed on
the line of the extensions, and eight new valvestwo 10-inch
74 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
and six 6-inch. Total number of hydrants, three hundred
and eight (308) in the city.
CESSPOOLS AND SEWERS.
The cesspools and sewers have been kept in good order
and condition, being regularly flushed day and night. Con
stant attention has been given. The repairs to the supply
pipes in cesspools has been decreased somewhat, but still
frequent, owing to defective pipes and other damage.
FOUNTAINS.
The fountain on St. Julian street, at intersection of West
Broad street, the only one now standing and used for wa
tering stock, has been kept in repair and filled, affording
much convenience to owners of stock, and great comfort to
the many thirsty animals passing that way. Drinking
troughs placed at other convenient points would be a great
mercy.
LEAKS.
There has been fifteen leaks in the mains during the year,
none of them of any great extent or to cause any damage.
The lease of the life of the old mains is now nearing the
limit, particularly the small 4-inch mains, which will soon
have to be removed and replaced with new, as in parts of
the city they show actual decay. The leaks have been as
follows:
One leak in 20-inch pipe in Ogeechee canal. Joint.
One leak in 24-inch pipe on Bryan street, near Farm. Joint.
Four leaks in 6-inch pipe on Bay and Randolph sts. Joint.
One leak in 6-incli pipe on Bay and Montgomery sts. Hole.
One leak in 6-inch pipe on river, near canal. Break.
One leak in 6-incli pipe on Charlton and Tattnall sts. Hole.
One leak in 6-incli pipe on West Broad and Broughton sts.
Hydrant.
One leak in 4-inch pipe on New street. Joint.
One leak in 4-inch pipe on Bryan street, near Farm. Break.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 75
One leak in 6-inch pipe on East Broad and Bay sts. Joint.
One leak in 6-inch pipe on Bay and Whitaker sts. Hydrant.
One leak in 6-inch pipe on Liberty and Barnard sts. Hole.
METERS.
The adoption of meters, as recommended years ago, is be
coming more necessary every recurring year to large and
indefinite consumers. Quite a disparity of rates are charged
for uncertain quantities, which, if measured to consumers at
so much per thousand gallons, would be much more satis
factory.
WASTE.
The very great waste of the water continues, and is very
damaging, and if it is not prevented, with the natural in
crease of consumption the next year, will make the purchase
of a new and large pump an indispensable necessity in the
near future, for during the year the five million gallons pump
has been worked to its full capacity as to quantity.
CITY WELL PUMPS.
The city well pumps have been in charge of this depart
ment during the year. A large amount of repairs was found
necessary, and has been done. Ten (10) new pumps have
replaced old and worn-out pumps. The whole number, one
hundred and thirty-eight (138), are now in good order, if I
except ten of them which are now out of service, being old
and worn and unfit for further use, and will replace with
new pumps as soon as practicable. The cost of maintenance
is included in the general expenses of the department, and
is shown in exhibit accompanying this report.
EXPENSES.
The expenses for all purposes, including extensions, re
pairs, city pumps, salaries, labor and material, as per bills
contracted for and passed in this office, has amounted to
twenty-four thousand eight hundred dollars and thirteen
76 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
cents ($24,800.13), less two hundred and eighty-three dollars
and seven cents (283.07), which was received for private
work and paid over to City Treasurer, leaving the sum of
twenty-four thousand five hundred and seventeen dollars
and six cents ($24,517.06) as actual expenses. The detailed
amounts of the expenses on the accounts are fully shown on
the exhibit attached and embraced in this report. The ex
pense account should receive a credit on the three thousand
nine hundred and ninety feet of 4, 6 and 10-inch mains
added to the distributing mains in the city, and also with
the deliver}- of one billion seven hundred and twenty-nine
millions nine hundred and fifty-eight thousand one hundred
and sixty (1,729,958,160) gallons of water through the mains
for public and private consumers, this being an increase over
the quantity delivered during the year previous (1884) of
seventy-seven millions five hundred and fifty thousand
three hundred (77,550,300) gallons. The amount of water
rates collected is contained in report of Treasurer.
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
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78 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
STOCK, TOOLS AND MATERIAL.
The stock, tools and material on hand have an addition of
five hundred ($500) dollars in value above the amount re
ported last year.
Very respectfully yours,
A. N. MILLER,
Superintendent.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 79
REPORT OF CLERK OF MARKET.
SAVANNAH, January 1, 1886.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor :
DEAR SIRI have the honor to submit herewith a state
ment of market fees collected through this office for the year
ending December 31st, 1885, and turned into the- City
Treasury :
Total amount collected $11,046 40
Average monthly collections . $920 53
Average weekly collections 212 46
I have the honor to be
Your obedient servant,
WM. H. BORDLEY,
Clerk of Market.
80 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
Property ofMayor's Office,
Savannah, On*
REPORT OF HEALTH OFFICER.
OFFICE HEALTH OFFICEK,
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1886.
Hon. Rifus E. Lester, Mayor .-
SIRI have the honor to submit herewith the annual re
port of the Health Office Department, including the Mortu
ary Statistics, for year ending December 31, 1885.
It is gratifying to state that the community of Savannah
have enjoyed exceptionable good health during the entire
year just passed. The census of 1884 gives the population
of this city 25,720 whites, blacks and colored 19,111; total
44,831. The deaths in the city during the year (embracing
those which have occurred at all hospitals and public insti
tutions, seamen and all other non-residentsexclusive of ac
cidental and violent deaths) have been 333 whites and 659
blacks and colored. Of these, 7 whites and 114 blacks had
no physician in attendance, and were furnished burial certifi
cates from this office. Accidental and violent deaths, which
were 21 whites and 19 blacks, are accounted for in full on
special table of mortuary report. They are excluded for the
reason that I cannot appreciate any bearing such deaths
have upon the health standard of a city. The annual death
ratio per 1,000 of population for 1885, excluding accidental
and violent deaths from the computation, is whites 12.9,
blacks and colored 34.4; including accidental and violent
deaths it would be whites 13.7, blacks and colored 35.4. The
twelve months just closed have been noticeable, in this city
and its suburbans, for continuance of a most remarkable
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 81
high rate of good health and marked exemption from preva
lence of contagious or infectious diseases.
The death rate of the white population has not been high
for any single month of the year, while several months make
exhibit of astonishing low ratios, January and October hav
ing the greatest, April and December the lowest. The mor
tality of the black and colored population of this city is less
by 7.8 than it was last year, but noticeably high compared
with that of the whites, and so it is wherever the negro race
is congregated, be it North, South, East or West. Vital sta
tistics show that the death rate of the negro race, in cities,
all over the United States is much greater than that of the
white race, and further exhibits a fact not generally known
or appreciated, which is that the death ratio of this race va
ries only in trifling degree throughout the different geograph
ical sections of this country. Consequent upon this vital
fact, the larger or nearer the negro population approximates
to that of the whites in any city, the heavier will be the death
rate of aggregated populations, and lower will be the statis
tical health standard, as all compilers pursue the system of
consolidating race populations and deaths, the ratio there
from being published as the criterion of health. The gross
injustice and false impression perpetrated by the pursuance
of this system of compilation upon cities similarly populated
as is Savannah cannot but be apparent to any just mind.
"With a health record for white race which compares most
favorably with cities of the United States, this city is placed
low on vital statistical records, below cities whose records of
white mortality range much higher, simply for the reason
that Savannah unfortunately has a large negro population,
it being three-fourths that of the whites. In New York city,
with a population of 1,185,843 whites and 19,663 blacks and
colored, and Boston with 421,000 whites and 6,000 blacks
and colored, and other cities having large white and small
black populations, the bulking of race populations and deaths
dees not sensibly pervert the ratio, the death rate of the
negroes being lost sight of in the aggregation. Now cite the
82 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
case of the city of Savannah, with death rate for 1885
whites 13.7, blacks and colored 35.4; combine populations
and deaths, white and black, and the annual ratio per 1,000
of population appears 23.0, which will be used by compilers
and published as the health standard, thus perverting the
death rate of both races by lessening that of the blacks and
colored 12.4, and adding 9.3 to that of the whites. Justice
to Southern cities demands that vital statistics should plain
ly show deaths per white and black races separately, and as
this government is pre-eminently one of the white race, the
standard of health should be classified therefrom.
The Board of Sanitary Commissioners who served for past
year were: Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor and ex officio
Chairman ; Aldermen W. Duncan, M. D., and D. ft. Thomas;
Citizens Jno. F. Wheaton, J. B. Saussy, Geo. L. Cope, and
J. T. McFarland, Health Officer and ex officio Secretary.
Geo. L. Cope, Esq., was appointed to fill the vacancy'created
by resignation of Alderman Jno. Hamlet.
The streets and lanes of the city have been kept up to the
usual good sanitary and neat standard, if I except the no
ticeable inclination on part of citizens to throw litter into
these thoroughfares. This violation of ordinancealthough
not productive of disease, the litter not being garbageis un
sightly, and should be summarily checked, or the practice
will result in unsanitary violations. Nuisance reports have
been noticeably fewer than during 1884. Complaints regard
ing privy vaults, as usual, have been greater than any other
of this class, although the decrease from last year in these
is plainly noticeable. It is impossible to keep vault privies
in perfect sanitary condition ; they prove to be nuisances to
any community having them, from time of building to time of
abandonment. A great good work will be done when the
contemplated small-pipa sewage system, now contemplated,
is adopted. This will force the abandonment of these vaults.
Until this important sanitary work is accomplished, this
nuisance will continue to increase with the growth of the
city.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 83
The pump or well water, which is used by a large number
of residents of this city, is badly contaminated by seepage
from these vaults, and I urgently recommend that an at
tempt be made by honorable the City Council to substitute
artesian water in its stead. Forming opinion from the re
sults of the different borings for artesian water in the city of
Savannah and vicinity, an attempt to make this substitution
for pump water will not be an experiment. During 1885
three borings have been made for artesian water, in the city,
and three upon Tybee Island. In each instance the boring
has been easy and has resulted satisfactorily, the depth of
the wells in the city being 700, 302 and 300 feet; that of
those on Tybee Island being 300, 242 and 240 feet, the water
obtained being most excellent, as proven by analysis. An ar
tesian well such as that upon city property of Mr. S. J. White
side, which is a four-inch pipe, 300 feet deep, giving 12,000
gallons of water per hour, with a lift of sixteen (16) feet,
could be used for abandonment of every pump in the city.
The seeming feasibility, small cost and sanitary bearing of
this water supply emboldens me to strongly recommend a
trial of same.
Under the personal supervision of honorable the Board of
Commissioners of Chatham County the drainage south and
southeast of the city has been very much improved during
year 1884. To this betterment of drainage of low lands
near the city is attributable, I think, the marked diminution
of malarial diseases in section bordering thereon. The low
land east of the city known as "Lawton's 'Fields" (which is
under dry culture contract to the city), has not been kept
under good drainage; the ditches thereon were inter and
overgrown to such degree as to prevent the free flow of wa
ter. This land was covered with water during August, and
remained in sobby condition until late in the year. It is im
portant to the health of this community that this dry culture
section of land be kept at all times up to the standard of
good drainage, as per entitlement by the contract.
The drainage of Lovers Lane section is without change
84 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
since report of last year. It is faulty, and is growing more
so each year. The ditches draining this locality bring an
immense quantity of water toward the city. This drainage
should be reversed. Under the present system low lands
within the city limits are constantly kept in unsanitary con
dition. A new system of drainage for this suburban section
of city is needed, and now that the Casey Canal is com
pleted the change can be readily and economically made.
The city extension south of Anderson street, between
Whitaker street and Ogeechee road, is under no drainage,
and is in most unsanitary condition. The importance of the
undertaking to properly drain this section demands covered
sewers; open drains will not accomplish the needed relief, as
shown by experience in the past. It is the expressed opin
ion of the Board of Sanitary Commissioners that this work
should be completed during present winter. The western
section of the city is under most excellent drainage, and I
suggest nothing as to its betterment.
During the past year very close attention and care was
given to the quarantine demands of this port. Vessels from
infected or suspected ports or latitudes have been required
to undergo strict surveillance and be thoroughly cleansed
before being allowed to come to the city, special attention
being directed to vessels from ports or districts infected
with cholera. The strict and careful administration of quar
antine regulations at this port contrasted markedly1with the
great laxity of quarantine requirements at some of the larger
ports of the Atlantic coast, and occasioned a great deal of
comparison and dissatisfaction in the mercantile circle of
this cit}' during the months of September and October. The
Board of Sanitary Commissioners, after having fully investi
gated the complaints and the facts relating thereto, decided
that their duty to the community at large made it impera
tive to have strict quarantine regulations enforced, regardless
of the action of other cities. The bills of health submitted
to the Health Department of this port during the past sea
son, as in years past, have attracted attention, owing to the
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 85
general unreliability of same. Only a few foreign ports issue
reliable bills of health ; the greater number of health bills
are wanting in information absolutely demanded at port of
destination, and so often incorrect that they are worse than
useless pieces of paper, for the reason that they are danger
ous. In this connection I deem it proper to give copy of
official correspondence, which speaks for itself. The novelty
of the issue and its inter-national complexion is quite re
freshing :
WASHINGTON, October 13, 1885.
Hon. T. F. Bayard, Secrtary of Slate, U. S. A.:
SlR:In compliance with instructions which I have re
ceived from Marquis Salisbury I have the honor to call at
tention to the nature of the sanitarj- regulations which have
lately been enforced at Savannah in the case of the British
vessel "Sylvia," from Gibraltar, which was ordered into quar
antine at that port for twenty-three days, which period was
subsequently reduced to fourteen days. The European san
itary authorities, while holding to the contagiousness of
cholera, acknowledge that the period of incubation of the
disease is limited to some ten or twelve days, a period short
er in any case than the time it would presumably have taken
the "Sylvia" to cross from Gibraltar to Savannah. It is con
tended that under the theory of the propagation of cholera
by contagion, which can only justify the imposition of quar
antine, it is unreasonable to refuse pratique after a voyage
as long as the supposed period of incubation, or after a
number of days of quarantine which, together with the time
spent on the voyage, make up that period, unless cases of
cholera have occurred on board, when the period of quaran
tine would be reckoned from the termination by convales
cence or death of last case. Trusting that you will bring
these observations to the notice of the co upetent authori
ties,
I have the honor to be, with highest consideration, sir,
Your obedient servant,
[Signed] L. S. SACKVILLE WEST.
86 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Copies of the above letter were sent from office of Depart
ment of State, Washington, D. C, U. S. A., one to His Ex
cellency, Henry D. McDaniel, Governor of Georgia, who for
warded same to Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor of Savannah,
asking for the facts of the case complained of by the British
Minister. The other copy reached the Health Officer of this
port about the same datecame through the Marine Hospi
tal Service Department, U. S. A. In reply to askance of His
Honor the Mayor for a full statement of facts concerning
the quarantining of the British steamship Sylvia, I submit
ted the following answer :
OFFICE HEALTH OFFICER,
SAVANNAH, GA., October 27, 1885.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor, Savannah, Ga:
SIRI have the honor to acknowledge receipt of commu
nication from your office bearing date October 26, 1885, en
closing communications from Hon. J. W. Warren, Secretary
Executive Department State of Georgia, and from L. :-.
Sackville West, British Minister at Washington.
These communications refer to the quarantining at the
port of Savannah of the English steamship " Sylvia," during
the month of September, 1885, and I am directed by you to
give all official information regarding said case. The records
of this office and the facts regarding the quarantining of the
British steamship "Sylvia" are decidedly at variance with
text of letter of complaint, and are as follows : The steam
ship " Sylvia " was not ordered by the authorities of Savan
nah, Ga., into quarantine for twenty-three (23) days, or for any
specified number of days, consequently there neither was,
nor could there have been, any subsequent reduction of quar
antine detention of this vessel from twenty-three (23)' days
to fourteen (14) days, as stated in letter of complaint. The
"Sylvia" arrived at the port of Savannah on September 11,
1885. She brought clean bills of health, one from U. S.
Consul Sprague, the other from the British official at that
port, both of these bills of health bearing date August 24,
1885.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. <S7
It was a fact known to the authorities of Savannah that
cholera had existed at Gibraltar, the port of clearance of this
vessel, prior to date of bills of health, even as late as Au
gust 18; and it is also a fact that a fatal case of this disease
was reported at this port on August 28, the latter making
thirteen (13) cases and eight (8) deaths from cholera at Gib
raltar up to August 29, 1885.
With these stubborn facts before them the authorities of
Savannah condemned the bills of health as utterly unrelia
ble and dangerous, and decided that, under this pressure of
facts, the steamship ' Sylvia " would not be allowed to come
to the city until she, with all clothing of officers and crew,
and all bedding on board, had been ttioroughly cleansed and
fumigated. These instructions were issued by letter from
this office to Thomas Vase}', Captain of said steamship, on
September 12, 1885, and he was directed to the National
Quarantine Station (Sapelo Sound), distant from the port of
Savannah about sixty miles. No specified detention time
was either mentioned in my letter to Captain Vasey or ex
pressed to Assistant Surgeon J. H. Wr
hite, M. H. S., U. S. A.,
in charge of the National Quarantine Station (Sapelo Sound.)
Moreover! the steamship "Sylvia" was at the city of Savan
nah on early morning of September 23,1885.
I deem it unnecessary to make comment in this letter; the
above facts and dates are stubborn, and speak for them
selves ; nor do I consider it germane to the information
which you desire from me to enter into any discussion re
garding the longevity of cholera germs.
I have the honor to be, sir,
Your obedient servant,
J. T. MCFARLAND, M. D.,
Health Officer, Savannah, Ga.
I answered the communication which reached this office
through the Marine- Hospital Department, in statement of
facts as given to His Honor the Mayor, and in language very
similar. My official statement was returned to His Excel-
Oo MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
lency Henry D. McDaniel by His Honor Rufus E. Lester,
Mayor of Savannah, accompanied with the following letter :
CITY OF SAVANNAH,
MAYOR'S OFFICE, October 31, 1885.
To His Excellency Henry D. McDaniel,
Governor of Georgia :
DEAR SIRYour letter enclosing copy of a communication
from the British Minister at Washington to the Department
of State touching the detention of the British vessel "Sylvia"
at the Quarantine Station came to hand.
Enclosed I send you a copy of the report made to me by
Dr. J. T. McFarland, our Health Officer, who is the execu
tive officer of the Sanitary Board, which has quarantine mat
ters in charge. The report is full, and I hope will be satis
factory.
It is hardly proper that I should notice the argument pre
sented in the Minister's communication against the reasona
bleness of quarantine regulations against vessels coming
from ports infected with cholera. This is our own affair ;
but I venture to make a suggestion which I think will show
that Mr. West has lost sight of a most important fact.
The Minister submits that a vessel should have pratique
when its voyage from the infected port has consumed as much
as ten or twelve dav's (the period allowed by European scien
tists for the incubation of cholera germs) when there has
been no case of cholera on board during the voyage.
Our scientists say that cholera germs may be carried in
clothing, bedding, etc., and that cholera contagion may be
communicated by that means. Hence it is that the fact that
sickness does not break out during a voyage, whatever may
be the length of it, is not sufficient evidence that cholera
may not be communicated. And hence it is that the impor
tation of rags from the East is regulated, and their introduc
tion into this country sometimes prohibited.
Acting upon these views the "Sylvia" was required to be
fumigated and the clothes and bedding cleansed. No other
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 89
conditions were imposed upon her as to detention. This re
quirement we believe to be a reasonable one, and we shall so
maintain.
Very respectfully yours,
[Signed] RUFUS E. LESTER,
Mayor.
Three vessels, the barks Neptune and Victor and the
steamship Sylvia, were directed from this port to the Na
tional Quarantine Station (Sapelo Sound) during year 1885.
The bark Neptune, from Africa via St. Thomas, having re
mained three (3) weeks in latter place, arrived off this port
with most of her crew sick with fever, the pilot speaking her
directed vessel to the national station. The bark Victor,
from Aspinwall, arrived at the port Quarantine Station on
September 12, having lost her captain and one seaman by
yellow fever while in that port, and one seaman while on voy
age to this port. The crew were in unhealthy condition and
the vessel very foul. I directed this vessel and the steamship
Sylvia, as already reported, to the National Quarantine
Station.
I take pleasure in stating that the General Government,
through the Marine Hospital Department, have been univer
sally courteous, and have by actions exhibited every willing
ness to aid the health authorities of Savannah in matters ap
pertaining to quarantine. To the Surgeon General's Office,
M. H.'S., Washington, D. C, I am indebted for much valu
able written and telegraphic information, and to Assistant
Surgeon J. H. White, M. H. S., Savannah, for hearty co-op
eration and concert of action upon matters bearing upon the
quarantine of this port and that of the National Quarantine
Station (Sapelo Sound.) The keeping up of this national
station is a matter of great importance to the city of Savan
nah, and I respectfully recommend that the authorities of
this city adopt such course of action as will ensure the yearly
opening of said station.
The building at the Quarantine Station is in good state of
90 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. *
repair, and unquestionably safe against storms. The wharves
here are in bad condition, and require considerable work
upon them, which should be done this winter.
It is reported to me by pilots of Savannah, who have taken
the soundings, that the entrance to the quarantine anchor
age has shoaled full eighteen (18) inches during the past year.
This has resulted in consequence of the closure of the Sav
annah river outlet by jetty there placed for improvement of
channel of Savannah river. I call attention to this state
ment that the city authorities may take such action as will
ensure ballast wharves in the vicinity of the present station
when those now in use prove unavailable.
Upon the recommendation of the Board of Sanitaiy Com
missioners, the City Council, in August last, enacted an ordi
nance setting forth that between May 1st and November 1st,
annually, all seamen must sleep on shore. This ordinance
was framed in order to ensure better health to this large
transient class of population.
The Board of Sanitary Commissioners, in month of July,
issued invitations to the health authorities of the seaports of
Georgia to meet them in Savannah on'July 27 for the pur
pose of discussing quarantine matters, with special reference
to the prevention of the introduction of cholera, and for the
framing of a code of quarantine regulations applicable for
this sea coast section. The proposed ^meeting failed to se
cure a quorum representation, as did subsequent call for
meeting on December 21. A future call, at discretion-of His
Honor the Mayor of Savannah, will be made in the near
future.
One case of small pox has been treated at the Small Pox
Hospital, this being the only case which has appeared dur
ing the year, either in the city or at the Quarantine Station.
The Small Pox Hospital building is in bad repair, and the
advisability of sending workmen from the city there is de
cidedly questionable. The building, which is not particu
larly adapted for such cases, will remain in serviceable con
dition for several years to come, without internal repair
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 91
When no longer fit for use it would be advisable and eco
nomical to erect small wards, which could be easily cleaned
and purified.
During the year 1885 fifteen (15) deaths from diphtheria
and three (3) from scarlet fever have occurred. The mortal
ity from these two diseases in 1884 were, diphtheria twentyseven (27), scarlet fever two (2).
I have given medical and surgical attendence to the Police
force and paid Fire Department. No death nor serious ac
cident or injury occurred in either of these organizations.
I am, sir, your obedient servant,
J. T. MCFARLAND, M. D.,
Health Officer.
92 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
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96 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
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100 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT OF ODORLESS EX
CAVATING MACHINE.
SAVANNAH, January 1, 1886.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor :
SIRI have the honor to transmit herewith my report as
Superintendent of the Odorless Excavating Machine Depart
ment, from January 1st to December 31st, 1885.
The number of sinks cleaned from January 1st to Decem
ber 31st, 1885, 1,100.
The amount of matter removed from the above sinks for
the year ending December 31st, 1885, 107,204 cubic feet.
The expenses of the Department have been for the year
as follows:
Salary of Superintendent $ 999 96
Time of Hands ' 4,761 25
Eepairs of Harness, Shoeing, Blacksmithing and Barrels 436 41
Forage for Stock 1,252 86
Lime, Cement, Sand and Brick 231 47
Hire of Extra Wagons 1,546 00
One Mule 225 00
Charcoal, Tar, Nails, Tools, etc 288 66
Hire of Horse for Superintendent 175 00
$9,916 61
Against which was collected :
For Cleaning and Kepairing Sinks by
City Treasurer $ 4,698 83
For Cleaning and Kepairing Sinks by
City Marshal 1,133 16
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 101
To be collected by City Treasurer.... 572 90
To be collected by City Marshal 270 26
Poudrette Sold and Collected 387 50
Poudrette to be Collected 275 00
$7,337 65
Net cost of Department for the year 1885 $ 2,578 96
The reduction in charges for cleaning privy vaults was re
duced by ordinance August 27, 1884, 50 per cent.
Very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
W. J. CLEARY,
Superintendent 0. E. Machine.
102 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPOLT.
REPORT OF CITY PHYSICIAN
EASTERN DISTRICT.
SAVANNAH, December 26, 1885.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor:
DEAR SIRIn compliance with a request from you sent me
by Mr. F. E. Rebarer, Clerk of Council, I herewith send you
a statement of my work from August 12 to December 26,
1885, inclusive. Dr. B. P. Oliveros, it will be remembered,
was City Physician up to that time, hence my report dates
only from August 12.
I have personally seen 1870 patients, of which number
1181 were city visits, the balance office calls.
Besides these, I have sent 70 patients to the Savannah
Hospital, 69 to St. Joseph's Infirmary and 45 to Georgia In
firmary. As to the number of deaths, I have to report 20
in the Eastern District, of which number 1 died of asthma,
1 of cholera infantum, 3 from undefined causes, 2 from con
vulsions, 3 from old age, 2 from phthisis pulmonalis, 1 from
heart disease, 1 from pneumonia, 5 from marasmus, 1 from
dysentery.
Yours truly,
W. W. OWENS, M. D.,
City Physician, Eastern District.
MAYOlt's ANNUAL liF.PORT. 103
REPORT OF CITY PHYSICIAN.
WESTERN DISTRICT.
SAVANNAH, GA., January 2, 1886.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, 3Iayor:
SIRI herewith make my report as City Physician for the
Western Division for the last five months, commencing Au
gust 1, the day I took charge. I have no records previous
to that date, therefore can only report my work. While I
have made some monthly statements, I now make a full re
port from August 1, 1885, to January 1, 1886, viz.:
In month of August,
376 office patients were treated.
125 visits made to patients.
10 permits issued for Savannah Hospital.
11 permits issued for St. Joseph's Infirmary.
6 permits issued for Georgia Infirmary.
4 certificates of death.
In month of September,
368 office patients were treated.
193 visits made to patients.
23 permits issued for Savannah Hospital.
12 permits issued for St. Joseph's Infirmary.
8 permits issued for Georgia Infirmary.
6 certificates of death.
In the month of October,
472 office patients were treated.
270 visits made to patients.
8 permits issued to Savannah Hospital.
17 permits issued to St. Joseph's Infirmary.
104 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
11 permits issued to Georgia Infirmary.
7 certificates of death.
In the month of November,
312 office patients were treated.
276 visits made to patients.
13 permits issued to Savannah Hospital.
11 permits issued'to St. Joseph's Infirmary.
11 permits issued to Georgia infirmary.
10 certificates of death.
In the month of December,
315 office patients were treated.
297 visits made to patients.
9 permits issued to Savannah Hospital.
11 permits issued to St. Joseph's Infirmary.
14 permits issued to Georgia Infirmary.
7 certificates of death.
All of which make a total for the five months of
1843 office patients treated.
1161 visits made to patients.
63 permits issued to Savannah Hospital.
62 permits issued to St. Joseph's Infirmary.
50 permits issued to Georgia Infirmary.
34 death certificates.
Making a daily average of over 12 office patients and
nearly 8 visits to patients.
In the death certificates not one was due to climatic dis
eases. Nearly the entire number were either premature
births, infants, complications of labor, or the very old.
I had remaining in the several hospitals on January the
first as follows: In the Savannah Hospital 15 patients, in
St. Joseph's Infirmary 9, and in the Georgia Infirmary 12
patients, making a total remaining in hospitals of 36.
The amount of venerial diseases among our colored popu
lation is very great, which is the cause of the mortality be
ing so large amongst their children in the first year, and such
a large number of premature births. I am continually called
upon by both sex to treat fresh cases of venerial diseases,
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 105
and I always do so, but doubt if it was the intention of
Council to put them on the free list. Old cases are on a
very different footing, and should always be looked after.
The city is very much imposed upon by persons owning
houses and making a fair living, and still think the city should
have them attended to when they are sick. I see such con
tinually. And there are others who are too lazy to do any
work. These two classes are always applying for medical
attendance, and become quite abusive when any questions
are asked, or they cannot get all they want and immediately.
All of which is very respectfully submitted,
JNO. M. JOHNSTON, M. D.,
City Physicianfor Western Division.
106 MAYOU'S ANNUAL KLPURl
REPORT OF KEEPER LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY.
OFFICE KEEPER LAUEEL GROVE CEMETERY,
SAVANNAH, January 1, 1886.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor:
SIRI have the honor to report Laurel Grove Cemetery
in its usual good order and condition. Some improvements
have been made, especially the draining of the ravine with
pipes under ground. The work was stopped as the warm
weather came on, and will be completed this winter.
There has also been erected sign boards, with the names
of the avenues painted thereon.
During the past year there has been received
For sale of burial Lots $810 00
For burial fees 661 50
Total $1,47150
Amount paid for labor, lumber, material, etc., $5,987.64.
Number of interments at the expense of the city :
Whites from the city 12
Whites from Savannah Hospital 43 55
Colored from the city 60
Colored from Colored Infirmary 63123
Total 178
The number of interments during the past year are as fol
lows :
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 107
NUMBER OF INTERMENTS IN LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY AND
CEMETERY FOR COLORED PERSONS, FROM JANUARY 1ST TO DE
CEMBER 31ST, 1885.
MONTHS.
January .
February
March . .
April . . May . . .
June. . .
July . . .
August. .
September
October. .
November
December
Total 205
Whites.
>> 03
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GO M
0$ J
-in o
24
17
15
8
9
23
15
14
22
23
20
15
10
6
7
4
5
3
9
10
6
11
34
23
22
12
14
26
24
24
28
34
25
24
85 : 290
Colored.
Hi
zi
016
52
51
45
37
39
50
56
49
60
51
57
63
22
17
28
15
11
23
9
27
13
26
25
18
74
68
73
52
50
79
65
76
73
77
82
81
234 i 850
^ -H
IS
a0
108
91
95
64
64
105
89
100
101
111
107
105
1140
I have the honor to be,
Very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
A. F. TORLAY,
Keeper Laurel Grove Cemetery.
108 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF KEEPER CITY DISPENSARY.
OFFICE OF CITY DISPENSARY,
January 1st, 1886.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, 31ayor:
SIRI have the honor to submit the following report of
the number of persons supplied with medicines from the
Dispensary during the year ending December 31st, 1885;
also the number of prescriptions compounded :
MONTHS.
ftft
January :
1,287
February 1,361
March 1,598
April 1,428
May 1,346
June i 1,268
July 1,361
August 1,330
September ; 1,438
October ! 1,654
November 1,176
December 948
Total I 16,195
JS
612
564
613
612
565
513
599
561
658
687
444
448
675
797
985
816
781
755
762
769
780
967
732
500
6,876 | 9,319
1,772
1,917
2,203
2,141
1,968
1,895
2,016
1,586
2,211
2,452
1,762
1,423
23,346
82
38
69
98
82
84
79
81
92
151
111
13
978
In addition to the above I have furnished the necessary
medicines to Pest House, Police Barracks and Quarantine
Station.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 109
COST OF CITY DISPENSARY FOR YEAR 1885.
Amount for drugs, etc $2,232 08
Amount for salaries 2,044 00$4,276 08
Total amount of cost of Dispensary.. . $4,276 08
CR.
By amount due from Chatham county. 293 40$3,982 68
Number of prescriptions compounded, 23,346; cost,
$4,276.08; average cost of each prescription, 18 5-16c.
Very respectfully,
LEWIS CASS,
Keeper City Dispensary.
110 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF HARBOR MASTER.
SAVANNAH, January 4, 1886.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, 3Iayor:
DEAR SIRI have the honor to report that I have depos
ited with City Treasurer the sum of eleven thousand and
sixty dollars and sixty cents fSlLOGO.GO) amount of harbor
fees and wharfage collected for the past year. Tonnage,
eight hundred and seventy-one thousand seven hundred and
sitx-nine (871,769.) There has been ample room for all ves
sels. Annexed find a tabulated monthly statement of tonnage
and fees.
I am, respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
E. C. KENNEDY,
Harbor Master.
MAYORS ANNUAL REPORT. Ill
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112 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF QUARANTINE OFFICER.
QUARANTINE STATION, January 1, 1886.
Hon. R. E. Lester, Mayor and Chairman Board of Health:
SIRPursuant to a request from your office, it gives me
much pleasure to state, in this my yearly report, that the
past year has elapsed without any event of especial moment
to notice.
The cyclone so disastrous to our sister city, Charleston,
of August last, did no serious damage in this locality. Two
vessels were driven ashore, and one other, moored at the
wharf, was injured by being driven by the latter part of the
gale from the northwest against the Quarantine wharves,
which were somewhat shattered by the contact.
The most serious personal casualty that occurred was a
broken leg.
The September gale, though not so violent, occurring con
jointly with a spring tide, carried off some 800 or 1,000 tons
of ballast.
I am sorry to notice that, from some cause, the Spanish
vessels have abandoned our port, only two, 1 think, having
entered within the year.
The advantages we possess as a port of call must be seri
ously neutralized by the severity of a double quarantine in
flicted on such vessels as may have suffered from death or
sickness on board during the immediate precedent trip or
voyage. Nor is the protection of an outpost without ele
ments of demoralization to our local quarantine stations, and
of consequent danger to our communities. Vessels with
overt cases of yellow fever are treated, under the present ar
rangement, as the only serious objects of apprehension;
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 113
whereas, in fact, vessels manned with acclimated crews and
therefore giving no sign of infection may be floating Havanas, saturated with the germs of disease, and are apt to be
allowed, without due disinfection, to pass our inner cordon
from negligence fostered by a fancied security. In reference
to this last point I would respectfully observe that the
twelve-hour fumigation plan cannot be worked efficiently.
It is specially important that the official in charge should see
the consummation of the process, the hatches opened, etc.,
and it is manifest that as vessels are to be fumigated at
every hour of the day that the same official cannot be pres
ent at the corresponding hour of the night.
The efficient working of quarantine could be better se
cured if the line of demarcation between its various parts
were more distinctly recognized. The Lazaretto, which
with us is each individual ship, should be kept scrupulously
distinct from the ballast depot and officers' quarters. It has
been the order at this station, from the beginning, not to al
low any vessel from a suspicious locality to come to these
wharves until she has been thoroughly fumigated, for at this
point she will be in immediate contact with vessels and
crews that may be in the city in two or three hours, and
were they not safe would infect the city forthwith by such
secondary contact.
Our exemption from any suspicion of contammination
for the last nine years, either to this station or the city,
gives reasonable assurance of the efficiency of the process.
A " dead-line," or non-communication, would be safer, but
commerce must run some risks. Competing ports no doubt
applaud our severest impositions. The coffee of Brazil, the
sugar and other products of the Antilles, are worthy of be
ing secured by a more liberal policy.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
J. A. HUGER, M. D.,
Quarantine Officer.
114 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
SAVANNAH RIVER IMPROVEMENTS.
UNITED SSATES ENGINEER OFFICE,
NEW YORK, December 19, 1885.
3'h F. E. Rebarer, Clerk of Council,
Savannah, Ga. :
DEAR SIRIn compliance with request contained in your
letter of the llth instant, I send herewith for the use of His
Honor the Mayor, a summary of work done in Savannah
harbor under my direction since the 30th June, 1884.
Very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
Q. A. GILMORE,
Colonel of Engineers, Bvf. 31aj. Gen. U. S. A.
REPORT.
Since the last published annual report to the Chief of En
gineers, U. S. A., for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1884,
the following work has been done with a view of improving
Savannah harbor and river, Georgia, in accordance with the
present project, which contemplates the establishment of a
permanent navigable ship channel of 22 feet depth from the
outer bar to the wharves of the city of Savannah.
Cross Tides Dam.This dam, designed to reduce the vol
ume of water diverted down Back river and to increase the
ebb-flow in Front river, was raised to the level of mean high
water, and its base, which was threatened by under-scour,
was protected by an apron of log mattresses and riprap
stone. Repairs had to be made to this work on several oc
casions during the present year. A cyclone which occurred
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 115
on October llth caused a light break ; and the dam was re
peatedly injured by stone being thrown off to allow the pas
sage of small boats. It is reported that so many negroes
seem to be interested in the destruction of the dam, that it
is feared that expensive repairs will have to be made here,
when operations are resumed.
Fig Island Jetty.This work, which had settled along some
portions of its length, was raised to an approximately uni
form height of about five feet above mean low water. It was
to some extent damaged by the extraordinary storm of Au
gust 24 and 25, 1885.
Wing Dams Nos. 6 and 25 were completed, and the inju
ries caused by the storm in August last were repaired.
These dams are located about 800 yards below the lower end
of Spirit Island.
Two Neiv Wing Dams, Nos. 10 and 27, were built to im
prove the lower part of the "Upper Flats." No. 10 rests on
Elba Island; No. 27 is opposite, but does not reach the
South Carolina shore. The full width of the river is here
4,000 feet; the dams contract the practical water-way to a
width of about 1,200 feet.
Wing Dams Nos. 14 and 29 have been completed since
July, 1884. No. 14 starts from the lower end of Elba Is
land ; No. 29 is opposite to it, leaving a clear water-way of
about 1,300 feet between them. The river is here 2,500 feet
wide. These dams had some log mattresses and stone car
ried away by the late August storm.
Long Island Crossing was improved by building a pair of
Wing Dams, Nos. 26 and 33. By the latest information the
channel was here improved to a high water depth of 22 feet
upon a width of 300 feet, while formerly the greatest depth
was less than 20 feet. The works have settled at some places
since they were completed; they also suffered rather severely
from the late storm.
A considerable amount of work was done on Dam No. 31,
located at the month of the river. The dam is designed to im
prove the channel across Oyster Bed Shoal, northwest of
116 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Fort Pulaski. When completed it will extend from the south
point of Turtle Island, in a southeasterly direction, to the
western part of Oyster Bed, between the Quarantine Station
and Bed Light Beacon, a total length of 6,500 feet.
The work was commenced in May, 1884, and is not yet
completed. Its present length is 2,700 feet, and its crest
generally rises a few feet above the level of mean low water.
Owing to its exposed position, it was considerably damaged
by the storm in August, 1885, which is reported to have been
one of the severest that ever visited this part of the coast.
Blowing at first from the northeast, it drove in immense vol
umes of water from the sea, the gauge at Fort Pulaski wharf
showing a rise of 8 feet at the time of low tide. The wind
acquired its greatest violence after shifting to the northwest,
when its maximum velocity was estimated at 80 miles per
hour.
The damages sustained by the work could be but partially
repaired, as operations had to be suspended on September
14, 1885, from lack of funds.
The closing dams at Philbrick's Cut, and across the late
ral channel between Island "One and Two" and Bird Island,
which had settled in some parts, were brought up to the level
of high water.
DREDGING.
From July, 1884, to October, 1885, when dredging opera
tions were suspended, the material excavated from the bed
of the ship channel, between the city and Fort Pulaski, ag
gregated 136,592 cubic yards. The following quantities
were removed from the several parts of the river :
CUBIC YARDS.
From Garden Bank and adjacent shoal 14,409
From "Wrecks" Channel 60,297
From "Obstructions," head of Elba Island 3,134
From Upper Flats 23,056
From Lower Flats 8,168
From Oyster Bed Channel, N.W. of Fort Pulaski ... 27,528
Total 136.592
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 117
It is to be regretted that the available funds were nearly
exhausted at the time when the great storm occurred, as it
was then impracticable to thoroughly repair and strengthen
the damaged unfinished works.
On the whole, the results obtained by the works executed
to the present date are considered to be quite satisfactory.
Vessels drawing over 20 ^ feet have of late repeatedly passed
over the several improved reaches between the city and the
bar. An early resumption of operations is desirable to pre
vent increasing deterioration of works left unfinished, to
complete the same, and to build additional works that will
be necessary to carry out the project.
118 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
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MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 121
COASTWISE EXPOETS, POET OF SAVANNAH, 1885.
COMPILED BY FRANK E. REBARER, CLERK OF COUNCIL.
ARTICLES.
Axe Handles crates
Barrels and Kegs, (empty)
Bones sacks
Butter tubs
Cane Reeds bundles
Car Wheels, (old)
Cedar Logs
Clay casks
Cotton, Sea Island bales
Cotton, Upland bales
Cotton Seed tons'
Cotton Seed Meal tons
Cotton Seed Oil ... . . . barrels
Domestics and Yarns bales
Eggs packages
Fish barrels
Fish boxes
Fish casks
Flour barrels
Fruit, miscellaneous packages
Hides, dry bundles
Hides, green bundles
Iron, old scrap tons
Iron, Pig tons
Junk tons
Jute butts
Leather bundles
Lumber sup. feet
Machinery crates
Melons
Merchandise, miscellaneous .... boxes
Moss bales
Oranges barrels
Oranges and Lemons boxes
Oysters barrels
Paint ... barrels
Paper Stock bales
Phosphate tons
Rice barrels
Rice, rough sacks
Rosin barrels
Spirits Turpentine barrels
Shingles
Strawberries, refrigerators
Sugar bags
Syrup barrels
Tobacco boxes
Quantity. Value.
280!$ 560 00
45,381 56,726 25
3,121 23,407 50
493 5,423 00
5,193 10,386 00
115 862 50
155,000 4,650 00
1,640 32,800 00
17,646 1,521,967 50
322,918 5,812,524 00
1,547 21,658 00
135 2.835 00
15,241 342,922 50
29,968 1,348,560 00
1,210 7,260 00
1,769 26,535 00
22 110 00
66 1,650 00
235 1,645 00
17,200 25,800 00
8,440 371,360 00
6,203 124,060 00
3,497 38,467 00
35,644 712,880 00
215 2,150 00
10 480 00
695 18,225 00
41,698,322 5,420,781 86
31 1,550 00
735,688 110,353 20
71,524 3,576,200 00
372 2,604 00
2,446 9,784 00
349,820 799,640 00
2,388 9,552 00
1,127 50,715 00
7,399 36,995 00
1,065 13,845 00
20,650 258,125 00
4,207 4,838 05
233,186 582,965 00
41,285 619,275 00
1,423,710 35,592 75
619 742,800 00
3,125 31,250 00
56 504 00
122 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
COASTWISE EXPOETS.CONTINUED.
ARTICLES.
Turtles
Vegetables barrels
Vegetables crates
Warps bales
Waste bales
Wool bales
Quantity. Value.
1,604 11,228 00
51,210 204,840 00
294,749 884,247 00
144 5,760 00
34 340 00
45,623,295124,184,189 11
FOEEIGN EXPOETS, POET OF SAVANNAH, 1885.
ARTICLES. Quantity.
Cotton, Upland, 341,357 bales . . . .lbs. 165,592,311
Cotton, Sea Island, 1,434 bales .... lbs. , 545,425
Spirits Turpentine galls. 2,800,838
Rosin (280 lbs. to bbl.) bbls. 289,442
Lumber superficial feet. ; 18,672,000
Hewn Timber cubic feet. 203,470
Sawed Timber superficial feet. 2,254,000
All other articles j
Total
Value.
$16,200,314
135,002
917,009
456,598
289,029
25,274
23,442
22,540
$18,069,208
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
IMPOETS, POET OF SAVANNAH, 1885.
123
ARTICLES.
Coffee lbs.
Fertilizing Substances tons.
Cotton Ties bdls.
Salt lbs.
Molasses galls.
Cigars M.
Wines and Liquors galls.
Works of Art
Coal tons.
Rice lbs.
Carpets square yards.
Cement bbls.
All other articles
Quantity.
295,558
17,471
39,000
15,664,498
76,322
275
3,071
1,176
125,942
1,418
840
Total
Value.
$219,502
205,911
27,939
18,031
9,843
9,019
4,151
3,609
3,335
2,968
1,212
1,103
6,663
$513,286
TONNAGE, POET OF SAVANNAH, 1885.
VESSELS ENTERED AT AND CLEARED FROM CUSTOM HOUSE.
VESSELS. No. Tonnage. Men.
American vessels entered
American vessels cleared
Foreign vessels entered . .
12
20
251
228
5,058
8,722
163,321
154,858
125
148
3,416
foreign vessels cleared 3,344
Total entered and cleared, foreign . . 511 331,959 7,033
Coastwise entrances 395
414
493,610
502,773
14,622
Coastwise clearances 14 672
Total coastwise . . . 809
511
996,383
331,959
29 294
Total foreign 7,033
Grand total 1,320 1,328,342 36,327

MAYOR AND ALDERMEN, FOR 1885-86.
MAYOR,
EUFUS E. LESTEE.
CHAIRMAN OF COUNCIL,
WILLIAM DUNCAN, M. D.
VICE-CHAIRMAN or COUNCIL,
HEEMANN MYEES.
ALDERMEN,
WILLIAM DUNCAN, M. D. DAVID WELLS.
SAMUEL P. HAMILTON. ^- DANIEL E. THOMAS.
GEORGE J. MILLS. JOHN E. HAMLET.
WILLIAM B. MELL. GEORGE N. NICHOLS.
EGBERT D, BOGART. JOHN DERST,
HERMANN MYERS. PATRICK J. O'CONNOR.
STANDING COMMITTEES OF COUNCIL. 1886.
AccountsAldermen Thomas, O'Connor, Mills.
AssessmentsAldermen Myers, Wells, Thomas, Hamilton,
Bogart.
City LotsAldermen Nichols, O'Connor, Derst.
DrainageAldermen Mell, Thomas, Duncan.
FinanceAldermen Hamilton, Thomas, Myers, Mills, Bogart.
FireAldermen Mills, Nichols, Hamlet.
Harbor and, WharvesAldermen Bogart, Mills, Wells.
Health and CemeteryAldermen Duncan. Thomas, Mell.
MarketAldermen Derst, Mell, Myers.
PoliceAldermen O'Connor, Hamilton, Mell.
Streets and LanesAldermen Hamlet, Wells, Nichols, Mills,
Duncan.
WaterAldermen Wells, Hamilton, Derst.
BOARD OF SANITARY COMMISSIONERS.
Aldermen Duncan and Thomas; Citizens J. E. Saussy, J. F.
Wheaton and G. L. Cope.
COMMISSIONERS OF EDUCATION.
J. H. Estill, from Citizens at Large; E. D. Walker, from
Commissioners of Chatham County.
CITY OFFICERS.
Clerk of CouncilFrank E. Eebarer.
City TreasurerCharles S. "Hardee.
City MarshalL. L. Goodwin.
City SurveyorJohn B. Howard.
Chief of PoliceEobert H. Anderson.
Assistant Chief of PoliceJohn Green.
SergeantsJ. B. Killourhy, S. C. Lee, Henry Lingg, O. F.
Eeilly.
Messenger of CouncilLuke Logan.
Corporation AttorneyJiLenxy C. Cunningham.
Judge of the City CourtWilliam D. Harden.
Clerk of the City CourtPhilip M. Eussell.
City SheriffDavid Bailey.
Clerk of the 3IarketW. H. Bordley.
Harbor 3IasterEobert C. Kennedy.
Health OfficerJ. T. McFarland, M. D.
Keeper of City DispensaryLewis Cass.
Keeper of Laurel Grove CemeteryA. F. Torlay.
Keeper of Forsyth PlaceTheodore Meves.
Keeper of Pest HouseThomas Carr.
City PhysiciansJ. M. Johnston, W. W. Owens.
Chief FiremanAdolph Fernandez.
Assistant Chief FiremanGeorge Mouro.
Superintendent and Engineer Water WorksAlvin N. Mifler.
Scavenger ContractorWilliam Swoll.
City Printer"Savannah Morning News."
Port WardensT. H. Laird, Lewis Wiggins, William E.
Pritchard, S. J. M. Baker, John Power.
Vhimney ContractorsEastern Division, John Cassidey.
Western Division, Timothy Egan.