1999 annual report

Prison and Probation
Working Together For A Safer Georgia
1999 Annual Report
Georgia Department of Corrections

Table of Contents

4

Overview of the Georgia Department of Corrections

State Board of Corrections

The Agency

A Continuum of Sanctions

9

Facilities Division

Population

Security Issues Inmate Profile Costs Programs Work Food Services and Farm Operations Victim Services Capital Punishment

Bed Space Planning

23

Probation Division

Population Supervision Standards Probationer Profile Probation Services Community Service Intensive and Specialized Supervision Costs

Return on Investment

33

Administration Division

Business and Technical Support

Expenditures

37

Human Resources Division

Personnel

Training Inmate Health Services

41

Appendix

Americans With Disabilities Act
If you are an individual with a disability and wish to have this publication in an alternative format, please contact:
Office of Public Affairs - Georgia Department of Corrections 2 Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive East Tower, Room 854 Atlanta, Georgia 30334-4900

Telephone: 404-656-9772

Fax: 404-656-6434

From the Commissioner

Commissioner Jim Wetherington

As commissioner, it's my pleasure to offer to you this Annual Report of the Georgia Department of Corrections for Fiscal Year 1999.
The 14,000 employees of this department manage and operate the nation's eighthlargest prison system and the seventh-largest probation population in the country. The men and women who have chosen a career in this massive Georgia corrections system are confronted daily with new challenges and difficult assignments, but they do their jobs very well. They are the reason why we are continually fielding requests from other states and other nations to visit and see first-hand the quality of our correctional operations.
As you read through this report, I hope that you will pay particular attention to our many achievements over the last year. Our belief is to manage offenders with strong emphasis on discipline, work and structure. For those who desire to bring change to their lives, the corrections system provides programs for substance abuse, educational and vocational improvement, and a litany of other programs that can enable a law-abiding reintegration into society.
For those who refuse to alter their criminal ways, then our philosophy remains one of hard beds for hard offenders doing hard time. Above all else, Georgians expect their corrections system to protect them from incorrigibles. Our first and foremost mission is to meet that goal, and I believe that we do it very well.
Please take the time to review this annual report and learn more about the Georgia Department of Corrections, its employees, and the jobs we do. You will be impressed.

Jim Wetherington Commissioner

Georgia Department of Corrections Mission Statement

The mission of the Georgia Department of Corrections is to serve and protect the public, victims of crime and agency staff by managing offenders either in a safe and secure environment or through effective community supervision according to their needs and risks. In collaboration with the community and other agencies, we provide programs which offer offenders the opportunity to become responsible, productive, law-abiding citizens.

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

3

Overview

Georgia Board of Corrections

The Board of Corrections is composed of 16

members, one from each

congressional district in the

state and five members from

the state at-large. The

Governor appoints all

members, subject to the

consent of the state Senate,

to staggered five-year terms.

The Board develops

rules governing the conduct

and welfare of employees

under its authority, the

assignment, housing,

feeding, clothing, treatment, Front (L - R): Secretary R. Carlton Powell, Commissioner JimWetherington, Chairman Asa T. Boynton, Vice-Chairman

discipline, rehabilitation,

Charles B.Webster.

training, and hospitalization of all inmates coming under its custody, and all probationers sentenced to its

Back (L - R): Bruce Hudson, Patricia Miller,W. J.Taylor, Bennie Butler-Newroth, Charles D. Hudson, John C. Foster, H. Cullen Talton, Jr., J.Tyson Stephens, John H. Irby, Kenneth T. Kennedy, Dr. WilliamWhaley, Robert L. Brown, Jr., A. D. Frazier.

supervision.

The members serve on the following committees:

board and has legal status only as a board. The operations

Education, Operations, Probation, Facilities, and Nominating. and management of the GDC institutions, facilities, and

The Board of Corrections is a policy-making statutory probation system are the responsibility of the Commissioner.

Members of the 1999 Board of Corrections

First District Kenneth T. Kennedy Reidsville, Georgia
Second District Sheriff R. Carlton Powell, Secretary Thomasville, Georgia
Third District Bennie Butler-Newroth Columbus, Georgia
Fourth District Robert L. Brown, Jr. Decatur, Georgia
4

Fifth District A.D. Frazier Atlanta, Georgia

Ninth District John C. Foster Cornelia, Georgia

Member-at-Large John H. Irby Atlanta, Georgia

Sixth District Patricia Miller Marietta, Georgia
Seventh District W. J. Taylor Austell, Georgia
Eighth District Sheriff H. Cullen Talton, Jr. Warner Robins, Georgia

Tenth District Sheriff Charles B. Webster, Vice-Chairman Augusta, Georgia
Eleventh District Asa T. Boynton, Chairman Athens, Georgia
Member-at-Large Bruce Hudson Douglasville, Georgia

Member-at-Large Charles D. Hudson LaGrange, Georgia
Member-at-Large Sheriff J. Tyson Stephens Swainsboro, Georgia
Member-at-Large Dr. William Whaley Atlanta, Georgia

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Highlights of Fiscal Year 1999

Overview

Commissioner Jim Wetherington Sworn
In as Corrections Commissioner --
April 19, 1999 Former Columbus, Georgia police chief Jim
Wetherington was selected by Georgia Governor Roy Barnes to head up the nation's eighth-largest prison system. Commissioner Wetherington served most recently as vice chairman of the Georgia Board of Pardons and Paroles before coming to Corrections.

sites. This technology saves potentially millions of taxpayer dollars in transportation and security costs alone.
Early Warning Video Wins ACA Award The GDC film, Early Warning, was chosen as the best
Special Interest/Public Safety entry for the American Correctional Association's 1999 Video Festival. The award was presented to the Georgia Department of Corrections during ACA's annual summer conference.

Three Private Prisons Open A year ago, Georgia signed contracts with two
companies to build and operate three private prisons in South Georgia -- one with Cornell Corrections Corporation for a prison in Charlton County and the other with Corrections Corporation of America for prisons in Coffee and Wheeler Counties. By the end of FY99, the three medium-security prisons held a total of 2,266 state inmates. The private prisons will ultimately house 1,500 inmates each by the end of FY00.

Office of Victim Services Honored for their Work
The National Domestic Violence Hotline (NDVH) selected the GDC Victim Assistance Program for outstanding service to the victims of domestic violence. This is due in part to GDC's efforts in developing the Victim Notification Program and the recent implementation of the V.I.N.E. (Victim Information and Notification Everyday) system.

County Work Camp Beds to Increase During the 1999 Legislative session, the Georgia
General Assembly appropriated $26.5 million for the expansion of the county work camp program. The GDC administered the grant program, making awards to 13 counties, totalling $26.2 million. These awards will increase the capacity of the work camps by 1,301 beds, from 3,814 to 5,115 beds once construction is complete.

PeopleSoft Debuts at GDC GDC Human Resources and Administration
Divisions' staff were heavily involved in the state's Phoenix Program, participating in the design, development, prototyping, testing and implementation of the PeopleSoft Human Resource and Financial Management systems. The program was initiated by Georgia state government to replace a group of essential but outdated information systems with one, technologically-current operating system.

Long-Standing Inmate Medical Care Litigation Concluded
After 14 years of federal court oversight in Cason v. Seckinger that monitored all facets of inmate medical care, Georgia prisons were recommended for release from the supervision of federal courts. Dr. Ronald Shansky, a courtappointed monitor, completed an exhaustive review of GDC's inmate medical care procedures and programs. The report noted Georgia's dramatic progress in prison health care delivery and concluded that the prison health care system is "well run" and "an exemplary system".
Telemedicine Treats Inmates, Saves Money, Increases Safety
GDC's state-of-the-art telemedicine program allows doctors to diagnose and treat inmates from remote prison

Probation, INS Investigates Foreign-born Sex Offenders
The Probation Division collaborated with the Immigration and Naturalization Services (INS) to identify and investigate foreign-born sex offenders. If a probationer violates immigration regulations, the probationer is processed for possible deportation from the United States.
Goal of Community Beat Supervision Is Neighborhood Safety
A partnership between the Athens Probation Office and the Athens-Clarke County Police Department called Community Beat Supervision began in a high crime police zone. The goal is to increase public safety by sharing information regarding probationers and to provide closer supervision of the probationers in the zone with the assistance of police.

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

5

Overview
The Agency

Executive Office The Commissioner is responsible for the overall
supervision of the agency.
The Assistant Commissioner, the four Division Directors, Executive Assistant, Board Liaison, Legislative Services, Planning, Victim Services, Public Affairs, Legal Office, Information Technology, Correctional Industries, and Engineering & Inmate Construction report to the Commissioner's Office.

Reporting to the Facilities Division Director, the Juvenile and Women Services Director provides oversight supervision to the facilities which house juvenile and female offenders in the GDC system. The Department supervises 43 juvenile inmates who were sentenced as adults under Senate Bill 440. Forty-one juvenile males, sentenced as adults, are incarcerated at Arrendale State Prison. Two juvenile women, sentenced as adults, are at Pulaski State Prison.

The Assistant Commissioner oversees the daily operation of the agency.
The Office of Professional Standards oversees the Communications Center, Fire Services, Inmate Affairs & Appeals, Internal Affairs, and Special Investigations. This office reports directly to the Commissioner.
The Director of Information Technology coordinates and oversees the technologies that support agency operations. The Director of Public Affairs is the agency's contact point with the public and the media. The Legislative Liaison supports the Board in legislative matters. The Legal office acts as the agency's internal counsel. The Director of Correctional Industries oversees inmate training and industries that supply various products for use both internal and external to the agency. The Director of Engineering provides technical and administrative support for GDC's facilities, and Food and Farm and Correctional Industries sites. The Board Liaison provides assistance to the Georgia Board of Corrections. The Director of Planning assists in research and data analysis, as well as with all phases of agency planning, and the Office of Victim Services provides assistance to victims of crime.
Facilities Division The Facilities Division, managed by the Division
Director, is responsible for Georgia's inmate population. This division manages the admission, classification and movement of 41,000 inmates and those in probation facilities, as well as the safety and security of the facilities. The Facilities Division also oversees those state inmates who are incarcerated at county camps.
The four Regional Directors, Operations Support, the State Audit Coordinator and the State Supervisor oversee the division's management of the state prisons, boot camps, county work camps, probation detention centers, transitional centers, diversion centers, and program development.

Probation Division The Probation Division, managed by the Division
Director, provides supervision and services to over 140,000 probationers sentenced by the courts of Georgia in 47 judicial circuits. Two directors (Director of Field Operations and Director of Operations Support) and four Regional Directors work with the Division Director to oversee 127 field probation offices.
Of the 1,480 probation positions, two-thirds supervise probation caseloads.
Human Resources Division The Human Resources Division, managed by the
Division Director, is responsible for the issues and systems which impact the personnel and health resources component of the agency. Employee Support, Training, Personnel, and Offender Health Services are part of this division.
Administration Division The Administration Division, managed by the
Division Director, provides business and technical support to the other three divisions within the agency. The Administration Division includes Budget, Business Services, and Financial Services.
"The men and women who have chosen a career in this massive Georgia corrections system are confronted daily with new challenges and difficult assignments, but they do their jobs very well."
Commissioner Jim Wetherington

6

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Organizational Chart
Governor

Overview

Professional Standards
Gene Hodge
Communications Center Fire Services Inmate Affairs & Appeals Internal Affairs Special Investigations

Board of Corrections
Commissioner Jim Wetherington
Assistant Commissioner Joe Ferrero

Board Liaison Correctional Industries Engineering & Inmate Construction Information Technology Legal Office Legislative Services Planning Public Affairs Victim Services

Facilities Division
James Doctor
State Prisons Diversion Centers Probation Detention Centers Transitional Centers Boot Camps County Prisons Program Development Food and Farm Operations Juvenile and Women's Services Offender Administration Special Operations Chaplaincy Services

Human Resources Division
Peggy Ryan Employee Support Offender Health Services Personnel Training

Administration Division
Diane Bell Budget Financial Services Business Services

Probation Division
Bob Lavoie
Intensive Supervision Basic Supervision Community Services Court Services

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

7

Overview

A Continuum of Sanctions

Regular Probation Supervision Probationers are rated by risk and sentence conditions.
The probationer must report to the assigned probation officer, maintain employment, submit to drug and alcohol screens, and comply with all court-ordered requirements.
Cost: $1.24 per day
Intensive Probation Supervision When a probationer needs more structure than other
supervision levels provide, a judge can order the probationer to intensive probation supervision where the probationer is monitored around the clock by a specialized team of officers.
Cost: $3.54 per day
Specialized Probation Supervision These caseloads are reserved for those offenders who
have committed sexual crimes, crimes against children, or crimes of family violence. The high risk of this population to the community requires that the specialized caseload officers receive special training each year in the management of sex offenders.
Cost: $3.54 per day
Community Service As a condition of a sentence, a probationer may be
required to provide unpaid service to their community in lieu of fines and fees, or to make restitution for the crime.
Diversion Center A probationer may be ordered to stay at a diversion
center where he works a paying job in the community and performs community service. The center deducts room, board, family support, restitution and fees from the offender's paycheck.
Cost: $48.92 per day ($38.54 in state funds)
Detention Center The probation detention center is a short-term,
minimum security facility for confining offenders. The inmates perform unpaid community work details and are eventually released to probation supervision.
Cost: $40.55 per day ($35.64 in state funds)
Boot Camp Boot camps combine discipline, hard work, and drug-
education programs for non-violent offenders. These 90-day intensive camps incarcerate both inmate and probation offenders.
Cost: $41.54 per day ($37.26 in state funds)

Chart 1: Offender Population
Most offenders are serving a probated sentence either in lieu of incarceration or as a part of a split sentence following prison.
Probation 67%
Probationers in Community Facilities 2%
Parole 11%
Prison 20%
State Prison State prisons house clearly violent or repeat criminals
or nonviolent inmates who have exhausted all other forms of punishment. Depending upon their risk, inmates are housed in maximum, close, medium or minimum security institutions.
Cost: $47.68 per day ($45.61 in state funds)
County Prison Some low-security, long-term state prisoners are
incarcerated at county work camps. They provide unpaid yet highly-skilled work to the counties in which they are housed.
Cost: The state paid $15.00 per day per inmate until the end of March 1999 and began paying $20.00 per day on April 1, 1999.
Private Prison Georgia has contracts for three 1,000-bed private
prisons to house medium-security state inmates. Cost: $42.52 ($42.06 in state funds) Cost per day calculations include $6 million that was paid to the private prisons in FY97/98, but recouped in FY99.
Transitional Center Before re-entering society after a long term in prison,
selected inmates who do not have family support may be assigned to this center. Emphasis is on keeping a job, programs and reintegration into society.
Cost: $42.50 per day ($41.27 in state funds)
NOTE: The State paid $20.00 per day per inmate awaiting pick-up in county jails.

8

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Georgia Department of Corrections
FY99 Annual Report
Facilities Division
The age distribution in the Georgia prison system has shifted dramatically over the past two decades. Due to mandatory sentencing, increased sentence lengths, tougher parole policies, and the overall aging of the U.S. population, Georgia's prison population is graying. By FY99's end, over 3,000 inmates (7.1 percent) were 50 years or older.

Facilities
Inmate Population

Admissions In FY99, Georgia experienced the largest number of
prison admissions since 1991 with 20,628 inmates admitted into the Georgia prison system. The jail backlog is lower than in previous years due to the opening of three private prisons and new appropriations for additional beds at existing state prisons.
Of those inmates incarcerated in FY99, 18,180 inmates (45 percent) were convicted of a violent crime. In addition, 5,103 inmates (12 percent) were convicted of a sex crime. (See chart 3.) The remainder were convicted of another crime, including a property and drug offense.
Aging Inmate Population Due to tougher sentencing laws and tougher parole
policies, the number of older inmates is growing. Ten years ago, one-third of all inmates were 30 or older. Today, nearly two-thirds of all inmates are 30 or older. In Fiscal Year 1999, the average inmate age was 33.8 years old, the highest average inmate age in Georgia prison history.
Sentencing Laws Over half of the inmate population is serving sentences
for violent or sex crimes. With more offenders being sentenced to mandatory, non-paroleable prison terms for violent offenses, the percentage of violent offenders in the prison population is expected to increase.
Inmates sentenced for the first time under Georgia's Two Strikes law serve 100 percent of their sentence, a minimum of 10 years without possibility of parole. Those convicted a second time for one of the seven deadly sins (murder, rape, kidnapping, armed robbery, aggravated child molestation, aggravated sodomy and aggravated sexual battery) are sentenced to life without parole.
Currently, there are 2,397 inmates serving for a "first strike", and 74 "two strikers" serving life without parole.
Tough Parole Standards The Georgia Parole Board has become increasingly
more conservative in its release policies. Inmates convicted of the next tier of 20 violent crimes below the "seven deadly sins" must serve 90 percent of their sentence before becoming eligible for parole. The average time served for all offenses continues to climb.

Chart 2: Inmate Population Growth
Georgia has increased its number of inmates (including those in state prisons, county prisons, transitional centers and boot camps) by over 3,000 inmates primarily due to the Fiscal Year 1999 opening of three private prisons in south Georgia. Georgia has the nation's eighth largest prison population.
45,000 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000
FY90 FY91 FY92 FY93 FY94 FY95 FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99
21,564 23,021 24,718 26,711 30,221 33,477 34,864 36,518 37,951 41,010

Chart 3: Most Serious Crime Type, Inmates
Fifty-seven percent of Georgia's inmates are in prison for violent or sex crimes. Violent offenders and sex offenders are serving an increasingly higher percentage of their sentence than most other inmates.
Violent 45%

Sex Offense 12%
DUI 2%
Drug Sales/ Possession 16%

Other 3%
Property 22%

10

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Facilities

Security Classification
In Georgia, every inmate is assigned to one of five levels of supervision during the diagnostic process. During the diagnostic evaluation, the inmate's length of sentence, nature of crime, criminal history, sex offenses, detainers, escape history, history of violent behavior, medical/ psychiatric status and drug/alcohol use are examined.
Once evaluated, the inmate is classified to a particular security level. Over time, the inmate may be reclassified at a lower (or higher) security level.

Chart 4: Inmate Security Status
Over two-thirds of GDC inmates are classified as minimum or medium security and can work outside the prison security fence. Of the 1,055 maximum-security inmates, 121 are classified as Under Death Sentence.
Medium 38.9%

Maximum Security Inmates considered assaultive or dangerous, and those
who pose a high escape risk, and/or have other serious

Diagnostic 6.1%

problems are assigned to this category. Such inmates require constant supervision by correctional officers and do not work outside the prison security fence.

Maximum 2.8%

Inmates under death sentence are classified as maxi-

mum security.

Close

Close Security

17.1%

Inmates assigned to this level are escape risks and

typically are rule violators. These inmates have assaultive

histories, and may have detainers for serious crimes on file. These inmates require constant supervision by an armed correctional officer while working outside the security fence

Trusty 4.3%

Minimum 30.9%

and require regular supervision when inside security

boundaries.

Inmates must remain at this level for one year before

being considered for reclassification.

to be a minimal threat to the community. They are allowed to

work in the community, yet are checked hourly while inside

Medium Security

or outside the prison's perimeter security fence.

Medium-security

Minimum security

inmates with no major

inmates must remain at this

adjustment or substance

level for three months prior

abuse problems still require

to consideration for

constant supervision outside

reclassification.

the perimeter fence and

regular supervision inside

Trusty Security

the fence.

An inmate assigned to

Medium security

this category has proven to

inmates must remain at this

be trustworthy, has no

level for six months before

adjustment problems, is

being considered for

cooperative, and has no

reclassification.

current alcohol or drug

addiction problems.

Minimum Security

Trusty inmates on

These inmates have a pattern of abiding by prison rules and regulations. They present a minimal risk of

Inmates classified as minimum or medium security status work daily throughout Georgia.These inmates are clearing trees and brush for a prison expansion project.

work details require occasional checks by staff members.

escape and have been judged

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

11

Facilities

Facilities By Security Level

Level VI Maximum security prisons are the most secure and
restrictive facilities for inmates who are escape risks, have a history of violence in prison, or were convicted of heinous crimes.
Georgia Diagnostic and Classification Prison Georgia State Prison (Arrendale SP, Augusta SMP, Hays SP and Metro SP also hold some maximum-security inmates.)

Level V

The primary mission of this level prison is secure

housing for inmates with management problems, in combi-

nation with inside-the-perimeter work details and program-

ming.

Arrendale SP Macon SP

Valdosta SP

Augusta SMP Men's SP

Ware SP

Autry SP

Metro SP

Washington SP

Coastal SP

Phillips SP

Wayne SP

Hancock SP

Pulaski SP

West Central SP

Hays SP

Smith SP

Wilcox SP

Lee SP

Telfair SP

Georgia State Prison -- Reidsville, Georgia
Maximum Security

Level IV/III

Medium security inmates perform work details and

Correctional Industries operations both inside and outside

the fence.

Level III prisons focus upon particular work or program

missions.

Baldwin SP

Dooly SP

Rivers SP

Bostick SP

Homerville SP

Rogers SP

Burruss CTC

Milan SP

Rutledge SP

Calhoun SP

Montgomery SP

Scott SP

Central SP

Putnam SP

Walker SP

Dodge SP

Hays State Prison --Trion,Georgia
Close Security

Level II Primarily county-operated facilities, these prisons
heavily emphasize work details. Over 3,700 state inmates are incarcerated at county prisons, providing skilled labor to the communities.
All county correctional institutions

Level I (Transitional Centers)

Transitional centers house work-release inmates who

have regular contact with the community. In FY99, transi-

tional center residents paid the state $1,469,224 in room and

board while working at a job and paying taxes. An average

total of 700 residents stayed at these centers at any given time

in FY99.

Albany TC

Metro TC

Atlanta TC

Savannah TC

Macon TC

Dooly State Prison -- Unadilla, Georgia
Medium Security

12

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Facilities
Profile of Active Inmates

General Total Population:

Gender: Male Female

Race:

Non-white White

Age: 00-21 22-39 40-54 55-99 Average

Education WRAT Reading Score:
Less than 6th grade 6th - 11th grade 12th grade More than 12th grade

Educational Level: Less than 7th grade 7th - 11th grade 12th grade More than 12th grade

Family Guardian Status (until age 16):
Father & Mother Mother Only Father Only Other

Marital Status: Single Married Sep./Div./Widowed Other

Number of Children: None One Two Three or more

41,630
39,075 (94%) 2,555 (6%)
27,755 (67%) 13,875 (33%)
4,067 (10%) 26,403 (63%) 9,766 (24%) 1,394 (3%) 33.83 years
16,176 (40%) 14,712 (38%) 5,707 (14%) 3,098 (8%)
1,246 (3%) 25,998 (65%) 8,304 (21%) 4,904 (11%)
16,868 (42%) 16,284 (40%) 1,089 (3%) 6,256 (15%)
22,990 (57%) 5,410 (13%) 7,712 (19%) 4,461 (11%)
1,565 (5%) 9,594 (37%) 7,046 (27%) 8,062 (31%)

Behavior Diagnostic Behaviors:
Escape Tendencies Assaultive Alcohol Problem Drug Problem

1,976 (3%) 14,281 (20%) 13,092 (18%) 26,433 (38%)

Family Behavior Patterns: Criminality Father Absent Alcoholism Drug Abuse

11,612 (24%) 18,360 (38%) 6,297 (13%) 3,026 (6%)

Employment Before Incarceration: Full-time Part-time Unemployed/Other

19,405 (50%) 3,136 (8%) 16,362 (42%)

Sentencing Sentence Length:
0-3 years 3.1-9 years 9.1-15 years 15.1-20 years 20.1-over Life Death Life Without Parole (Two Strikes) Life Without Parole (Other)

3,219 (8%) 13,293 (33%) 9,235 (22%) 4,023 (9%) 5,584 (14%) 5,682 (14%)
121(<1%) 74(<1%) 98(<1%)

Average Sentence Length (in Years): Excl. Life & Death Sentences Inc. Life & Death Sentences

11.02 12.37

No. of Prior Georgia Incarcerations: Zero One Two Three Four or More

22,129 (54%) 8,172 (20%) 4,738 (11%) 2,959 (7%) 3,632 (8%)

Probation to Follow Prison: Probation to Follow No Probation to Follow
(Data as of June 24, 1999)

11,694 (28%) 29,936 (72%)

NOTE: Some information on the Inmate/Probationer Profile is selfreported and does not always reflect 100 percent reporting. Some inmates report more than one type of behavior.

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

13

Facilities

Cost Per Inmate Per Day By Facility

Location
State Prisons Arrendale State Prison Augusta State Medical Prison (1) Autry State Prison Baldwin State Prison Bostick State Prison Burruss Correctional Training Center (2) Calhoun State Prison Central State Prison Coastal State Prison Dodge State Prison Dooly State Prison Georgia Diagnostic and Classification Prison Georgia State Prison Hancock State Prison Hays State Prison Homerville State Prison Lee State Prison Macon State Prison Men's State Prison Metro State Prison Milan State Prison Montgomery State Prison Phillips State Prison Pulaski State Prison Putnam State Prison Rivers State Prison Rogers State Prison Rutledge State Prison Scott State Prison Smith State Prison Telfair State Prison Valdosta State Prison (3) Walker State Prison Ware State Prison Washington State Prison Wayne State Prison West Central State Prison Wilcox State Prison

Average Population
1,198 851
1,576 977 611 434
1,159 789
1,128 963
1,138 1,834 1,298 1,369 1,325
193 768 1,079 651 687 250 383 1,091 997 138 1,108 1,199 592 1,162 1,125 1,132 1,223 376 1,319 839 198 182 1,330

Annual Cost Per Inmate
$ 23,649 37,617 13,536 18,334 16,160 20,612 12,838 15,826 17,778 12,955 12,990 15,565 27,178 13,539 16,063 16,115 14,214 15,897 17,775 27,787 15,336 17,208 19,396 19,169 22,842 15,617 18,640 17,148 14,715 15,398 14,248 19,591 14,110 16,751 18,858 19,856 16,439 12,218

Totals/Averages

34,475 (4)

$17,402

Daily Cost Per Inmate
$ 64.79 103.06 37.09 50.23 44.27 56.47 35.17 43.36 48.71 35.49 35.59 42.64 74.46 37.09 44.01 44.15 38.94 43.55 48.70 76.13 42.02 47.14 53.14 52.52 62.58 42.79 51.07 46.98 40.31 42.19 39.04 53.67 38.66 45.89 51.66 54.40 45.04 33.47
$ 47.68 (5)

NOTES: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

Augusta State Medical Prison is the primary medical support location for the Georgia Department of Corrections. Burruss CTC supports the Georgia Public Safety Training Center. Lowndes State Prison and Valdosta State Prison were combined in Fiscal Year 1999. This number does not include the state inmates who are incarcerated at county correctional institutions and private prisons. The $47.68 daily cost per inmate does not include costs attributed to capital outlay.

14

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Location
Transitional Centers Albany TC Atlanta TC Macon TC Metro TC Savannah TC
Diversion Centers Albany DC Alcovy DC Athens DC Augusta DC Clayton DC Cobb DC Columbus DC Gainesville DC Gateway DC Griffin DC Helms DC Macon DC Rome DC Savannah DC Thomasville DC Waycross DC
Probation Detention Centers Central PDC Colwell PDC Davisboro Women's PDC Emanuel PDC I.W. Davis PDC Larmore PDC Northwest PDC Patten PDC Rockdale DeKalb PDC Southeast PDC Southwest PDC Western PDC Whitworth PDC Women's PDC
Probation Boot Camps Treutlen PBC West Georgia PBC

Facilities

Average Population
142 242 125 119 75
63 50 48 49 50 48 49 98 103 50 68 94 48 48 47 52
191 200 160 217 195 192 203 209 202 194 191 191 210 170
247 206

Annual Cost Per Inmate
$15,389 13,441 16,647 14,562 20,530
$18,815 16,535 17,611 18,860 18,694 19,184 19,910 15,789 14,726 19,164 17,771 16,644 19,979 19,119 20,369 19,011
$15,035 13,111 18,234 14,655 13,348 16,851 14,492 12,571 14,012 15,605 14,574 14,155 13,929 18,000
$15,482 14,780

Daily Cost Per Inmate
$42.16 36.83 45.61 39.89 56.25
$51.55 45.30 48.25 51.67 51.22 52.56 54.55 43.26 40.35 52.50 48.69 45.60 54.74 52.38 55.81 52.08
$41.19 35.92 49.96 40.15 36.57 46.17 39.70 34.44 38.39 42.75 39.93 38.78 38.16 49.31
$42.42 40.49

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

15

Facilities
Programmatic Cost Per Offender
Almost half of the $47.03 average daily programmatic cost per offender in a state facility (prisons, transitional centers, diversion centers, probation detention centers and probation boot camps) is allocated for security. The average includes those offenders in all state facilities. However, the average daily cost for offenders in state prisons only is $47.68 per day.
Chart 5: Breakdown Cost Per Inmate in a State Facility
Almost half of the programmatic costs per average state inmate are security-related.

Security 48.52%

Training 0.79%
Food & Farm 7.15%
Plant Operations and Maintenance 10.75%
Dept Admin 2.32%

Information Technology 2.40%

Programs

6.51%

(1)

Admin at

Facility Level

Health &

4.90%

Mental Health

16.12%

(1) Diagnostics 0.53%

Programmatic Costs Per Offender in a State Facility

Functional Area

Daily Cost

Security Training Food and Farm Plant Operations and Maintenance Information Technology Physical Health, Mental Health and Dental Services Administrative at the Facility Level Diagnostics Programs Departmental Administration

$ 22.82 0.37 3.36 5.06 1.13 7.58 2.30 0.25 3.06 1.09

Annual Cost
$ 8,329 135
1,227 1,846
413 2,767
841 91 1,118 398

Totals

$47.03

$17,165

16

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Facilities

Program Services

Education Over 7,100 inmates were enrolled in academic
education in FY99, including literacy/remedial reading, GED, and special education. Over 3,600 GED tests were administered in FY99, a substantial increase from approximately 1,900 tests administered in FY97 and from 3,200 in FY98.
Prison education services include part-time teachers, video-based, self-paced programs and distance learning. In addition to academic programs, the Department provides educational opportunities for offenders who have been assessed as needing special education services. These services are provided at over 15 prisons statewide.
GDC also offers formal vocational programming at nine training centers designed to enhance offender employability upon release as well as to develop an internal work force while incarcerated. In fact, these in-prison jobs provide the foundation for an expanding formal on-the-job training program at all state prisons.
Chaplaincy Part-time chaplains and volunteer clergy provide
pastoral care and counseling to the inmate population and staff, as appropriate. The staff, among other duties, also conducts or coordinates weekly religious services.
Library Services Inmates have access to the prison libraries and legal
materials. Library Services is providing self-paced programs through general library services that supplement education, counseling and substance abuse programming offered in the prisons.

Addiction Issues All inmates with a substance abuse offense or a history
of substance abuse must participate in an alcohol and drug risk reduction program. In addition to this mandated program, the Department offers a series of substance abuse programs targeting offenders with severe substance abuse and addiction problems. These programs are offered not only in the prisons, but in over 18 centers across the state. These substance abuse programs are offered through a collaboration between Civigenics/Spectrum Health System, Inc. and the GDC.
Counseling Services Counseling services focus upon developing programs
to change inmates' behavior and prepare them for eventual release from prison. For example, these programs address such issues as cognitive skills, family violence, victim impact, and parenting. Counseling Services is developing programming that addresses the needs presented by a growing population of elderly offenders.
Sex Offender Treatment Inmates convicted of sex crimes meet with counselors
on a regular basis to focus on what a sex offense is and how to break the cycle of offending. Such topics include Sexual Aggression, Victim Awareness and Relapse Prevention.
Recreation All inmates receive a federally-mandated one hour of
recreation per day and are required to participate in a daily 41/2 mile wellness walk.

Georgia prison programs focus on assisting inmates to deal with a number of factors that led to their criminality, including substance abuse, anger management, sexual deviancy, and sub-standard education.

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

17

Facilities

Putting Inmates to Work

All able-bodied inmates in Georgia must work. To help repay their debt to society, inmates

arson convictions may be considered for the Fire Services Program. Under the supervision of a station chief,

work up to eight hours per

inmate firefighters undergo

day in the prisons, in

extensive firefighter training.

communities, on prison

GDC fire stations help the

farms and in on-the-job

local communities by

training. Georgia is one of

conducting the required

only three states that do not

annual testing of hydrants

pay their inmates for work.

and testing fire hoses for the

Within the prisons,

local fire departments. Six

inmates work in the

North Georgia boot camps

kitchens, laundry, on

and detention centers have

grounds and building

wildfire rake crews to assist

maintenance, and at other

with forest fires.

jobs as necessary. Inmates

In FY99, 128 inmates

learn such trades as small

worked in the fire stations.

engine repair, food service

and preparation, automobile

Community Work

maintenance, print trades,

Details

metal fabrication, and optics.

Trusty, minimum and

medium-security (with no

Food and Farm

violent or sex offenses)

Food Services and

inmates work up to eight

Farm Operations train

hours daily in local commu-

inmates in food production

nities. They refurbish and

and processing. Georgia

Georgia puts some inmates to work serving the community in a prison firefighter program. Nine GDC fire stations use the Jaws of Life equipment to help extricate people from auto accidents.

maintain civic buildings, do groundskeeping, perform road work, clean public

Correctional

buildings and schools, and

Industries

work at recycling centers and

A programmatic component of the agency, Georgia

landfills.

Correctional Industries (GCI) manufactures products for sale to tax supported entities and others.
In FY99, 20 manufacturing operations located at 15

Chart 6: Fire and Emergency Reponses by Calendar Year

facilities generated $30.5 million in sales. Over 1,800 inmates are assigned to jobs in GCI operations which include metal fabrication, optics, printing, license plates, footwear,

Fire Services responded to 3,400 emergency responses in 1999, nearly doubling the number of calls for fire or emergencies from three years ago.

woodworking, screen printing, upholstery, garment and

chemical production.

Construction Services Construction crews, made up of state inmates, serve
the construction needs of GDC, other state agencies and communities. In FY99, 450 inmates (on monthly average) completed 32 departmental and 27 non-departmental projects, including renovating schools and city halls, constructing state park cottages, and repairing bridges.
Fire Services Minimum or trusty inmates with no sex offenses nor

4,000 3,000

3,400 2,565

2,000

1,748

1,843

1,000
438
0 1993

721
1994

1,117
1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

18

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Facilities

Food Services and Farm Operations

Three thousand inmates working in prison kitchens, processing plants and on the prison farms helped Food and Farm Services provide over 34 million nutritionally-sound meals during FY99. Despite a rapidly growing inmate population, the daily cost to feed an inmate was $1.62. This is down from $1.69 in FY98.
Prison Farming Thirty-eight percent of the food served to Georgia
inmates is produced on nine farms: the Middle Georgia Regional Farm in Milledgeville, Joe Kennedy Farm in Lyons, and farm operations at Rogers State Prison, Lee Arrendale State Prison, Dooly State Prison, Montgomery State Prison, Wayne State Prison, Ware State Prison, and Washington State Prison. The remaining food served is either purchased in bulk and shipped via the Food Distribution Unit in Milledgeville or purchased locally from established contracts. Farm Services produced 100 percent of the Department's beef, pork, egg and milk needs.
Montgomery State Prison Farm Layer Unit
Over 1.5 million dozen eggs were produced at the Montgomery State Prison layer unit. The layer unit is currently being renovated to house approximately 100,000 birds versus the 75,000 held in FY98. The new cage systems are also environmentally friendly and eliminates the need for wastewater management.
Rogers State Prison Dairy Unit The Rogers State Prison Dairy was renovated in
FY99. During the renovation, new equipment was placed into operation to allow for the production of half-pint carton milk. This change allowed Food and Farm to increase milk production by 28 percent to 1,236,879 gallons. The increase was produced at 12 cents per half pint compared to 14 to 25 cents paid commercially for the product in the past.

Vocational Skills Supervised inmates acquire a variety of vocational
skills through Food and Farm Services. Inmates work in prison kitchens preparing, cooking, and serving meals, as well as cleaning, sterilizing, and maintaining kitchen equipment and tools. Inmates also gain vocational skills in processing at the Rogers State Prison Canning Plant and Dairy. They also gain shipping, receiving, and warehousing skills at the Food Distribution Unit. These skills are easily transferrable once an inmate is released from the prison system and into the workplace.
Chart 7: Daily Cost to Feed an Inmate
Improvements to prison farming and food processing helped to cut the average cost of an inmate meal to $1.62 per day, down from $2.06 per day per inmate nine years ago.
$2.10
$2.00
$1.90
$1.80
$1.70
$1.60
$1.50FY90 FY91 FY92 FY93 FY94 FY95 FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99

Rogers State Prison Canning Unit Inmates grow, harvest, and process potatoes, greens,
carrots, squash, turnips, beets, and peas. The Rogers State Prison Canning Plant canned a record 156,004 cases of vegetables and bagged 7,808 cases of dried peas and beans.

Food Processing During the ever-increasing times of regulation and health
concerns, Food and Farm Services has implemented a very extensive quality control program. The Food Distribution Unit Meat Processing Plant was the first facility in the area to meet all five levels of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point program required by the Georgia Department of Agriculture Meat Inspectors.

New equipment now produces half-pint cartons of milk, saving the state two to thirteen cents per carton.

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

19

Facilities

Victim Services
The Georgia Department of Corrections' Office of Victims Services provides statewideassistance to victims of crime. The office works very closely with the prosecutor-based victim witness assistance programs from the various judicial circuits as well as with other victim service providers. The GDC services are available to any victim or their family members whose offender is incarcerated in the Georgia prison system.
Victims of crime need services long after their offender has been convicted and sentenced. Through the GDC Office of Victim Services, victims and their families can receive assistance in the following areas:
Registration of all crime victims for the
notification of release or escape of their offender from GDC custody. By the end of FY99, GDC had registered 2,519 victims or family members for notification since the program's inception in 1995.
Notification of inmates' release/escape from
confinement as outlined in Georgia's Crime Victims Bill of Rights.
Advocacy on the behalf of victims, at their
request, concerning their particular needs in the correctional process, including, but not limited to, situations involving harassment by inmates, and offender compliance with court-mandated conditions.
A forum for crime victims to address GDC
offenders, if desired, through the "Impact of Crime" program.
General information on the status and location
of the inmate as allowed by law.
Notification of execution dates and assistance
to victim survivors regarding the execution process.
Referrals for crime victims to local victim
assistance programs, as needed.
Referrals to Georgia's Crime Victim Compen-
sation Fund or assistance with filing for compensation.
Referrals to Georgia's Board of Pardons and
Paroles when early release issues arise.
Follow-up with victims concerning their needs
in the correctional process.

victim services efforts. Each of these positions has been assigned a region of the state to work with victims and victim service providers in those areas.
VINE Registration Increasing The Victim Information and Notification Everyday
Program, established in FY98, provides registered victims with access to automated data concerning the status of their offender. During Fiscal Year 1999, the Victim Services office received and registered 1,091 requests for notification of the release or escape of an offender from custody. This represents an increase in the number of individuals registering for notification by 44 percent over last year.

Chart 8: Request for Notification
Crime victims are using theVictim Information and Notification Everyday system to learn the status of their offender in GDC custody. The number of requests for notification increased by 44 percent in FY99 over the previous fiscal year.

1,200 1,000
800 600 400 200
0

FY98

FY99

Funding to Help Increase Awareness Last year, the Department of Corrections applied for
and received Victims of Crime Act (V.O.C.A.) funding to establish victim advocate positions who will reach underserved victims and increase usage of the department's Victim Notification Program and Impact of Crime Program. Utilizing this grant, Georgia has two V.O.C.A.-funded victim advocate positions working to further the office's

20

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Facilities

Capital Punishment in Georgia

The State of Georgia mandates death by electrocution for those convicted of a capital offense and sentenced to die. Legal execution in Georgia had been death by hanging but in 1924 the state legislature abolished hanging in favor of electrocution. Until 1924, over 500 hangings occurred in the counties of conviction throughout the state.

Chart 9: Number of Georgia Executions
The average number of yearly executions in the 1930s was 13; in the 1940s was 13; and in the 1950s was 8. The number averages to less than one per year in the 1990s.

Laws Redesigned In 1972, the U.S. Supreme Court (Furman v.
Georgia) outlawed executions, ruling that the old laws were in violation of the 8th and 14th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution. The ruling nullified the laws of 39 states using capital punishment.
Georgia's rewritten death penalty law went into effect in 1973, stating that a sentence of death may be imposed for rape, treason, skyjacking, murder, armed robbery and kidnapping.
In 1976, the Supreme Court upheld the death penalty in Georgia as constitutional.
By the end of FY99, 23 men in Georgia have been executed since the U.S. Supreme Court upheld Georgia's death penalty.

FY90 0 FY91 1 FY92 0 FY93 2 FY94 1 FY95 2 FY96 0 FY97 2 FY98 1 FY99 0

The first electric chair was erected at the Georgia State Prison Farm near Milledgeville. In 1937, the site was changed and executions took place in Reidsville where the original chair still sits. A new electric chair (pictured at left) was built and installed at its present location at the Georgia Diagnostic and Classification Prison in 1980.

Profile At the end of June 1999, the Georgia Department of
Corrections had 121 inmates on death row. Whites comprise 53 percent of the condemned inmates and blacks make up the remaining 47 percent. The youngest condemned person on Georgia's death row is 22 years old and the oldest is 70 years old.
Typically, all Georgia death row inmates are males and are housed at the Georgia Diagnostic and Classification Prison in Jackson. However, in November 1998, Kelly Gissendaner was sentenced in Gwinnett County to death, and became the first woman on Georgia's death row since 1992. Prior to her, the last woman on death row in Georgia (Janice Buttram) had her sentence commuted to life after 12 years. Gissendaner is incarcerated at Metro State Prison in Atlanta where her schedule is much like that of the men on
death row in Jackson.

FY99 Activity State Superior Courts sentenced eight men and one
woman to death during the fiscal year. No inmates had his sentence commuted to life nor had
any had his sentence overturned during FY99. No executions occurred in FY99. No condemned inmates died of natural causes.

Board of Pardons and Paroles Although in some states the governor can grant or
deny clemency, the Georgia Constitution places that responsibility with the State Board of Pardons and Paroles.
A prisoner whose death sentence has been commuted to life by the Board of Pardons and Paroles must serve 25 years before being considered for parole.

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

21

Facilities

Prison Bed Space Developments

The Georgia Department of Corrections operates almost 43,000 prison beds, including state and private prisons, county work camps, transitional centers and inmate boot camps. At the end of FY99 there were 3,877 future beds either funded for construction or under construction. The addition of these beds will bring total capacity to almost 48,000 beds by the end of FY02. Projections indicate that Georgia could require almost 58,000 beds by December 2004.
In FY99 and into FY00, the Georgia Department of Corrections and state leaders began developing a plan to address the projected inmate population. In addition to more prison beds for harder criminals, consideration is being given to other means to divert low-level, non-violent offenders away from bed space reserved for violent, predatory, and repeat criminals. Diversion of lesser offenders could have a significant impact on Georgia's future prison bed space needs. Among proposals being considered are:

1. An increase in probation services to the courts to assist judges and prosecutors in sentencing recommendations.
2. An increase in the number of probation officers to supervise more offenders ordered to probation by the courts.
3. Expansion of diversion and detention center capacity for selected low-level, non-violent offenders.
4. An increase in transitional center capacity for inmates nearing release.
By carefully assessing and planning for future bed space needs, the GDC will continue to meet the pressing demands of Georgia's correctional populations.

Chart 10: Prison Capacity
Prison capacity is now at 43,579 beds, including beds at state and county prisons, transitional centers, and inmate boot camps.There are 3,877 future beds either funded for construction or under construction.The addition of these beds will bring the total capacity of the Department of Corrections to 47,456 beds by the end of FY02.The GDC will present a prison and alternative bed space plan to the Governor and General Assembly that is specifically designed to reduce or meet future population projections.

60,000 55,000 50,000 45,000

Projected Inmate Population Funded Capacity

40,000

35,00J0uly 98 July 99 July 00 July 01 July 02 July 03 July 04

22

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Georgia Department of Corrections
FY99 Annual Report
Probation Division
Probation Division
The Georgia probation population continues to evolve into an increasingly "hardened" population. Since 1989, the percentage of new probation starts for violent crimes has increased from 7 percent of all new starts to over 14 percent. Approximately 47 percent of all Georgia offenders convicted of violent crimes are on probation and 46 percent of all Georgia offenders convicted of sex offenses are on probation.

Probation

Managing Probation Growth

The Georgia Department of Corrections' Probation Division is responsible for a standing population of more than three times as many offenders as the prison system and six times as many offenders as the parole system. Since FY90, the total probation population has grown by nearly 19,700 (from 119,829 in 1990 to 139,527 in 1999), with most new probation starts being felons. Almost one decade ago, 64 percent of those on probation were convicted of a felony offense. Today, 80 percent of all probationers are felons. (See chart 11.)

Chart 11: Number of Felon and Misdemeanant Probationers, FY90, FY99
The probation population has changed dramatically over time. In fact, in only one decade, the percentage of felons on probation has risen by 16 percent.

FY90

FY99

Assessing Probationer Risk In Fiscal Year 1999, the Probation Division continued
using the Risk-Based Supervision Model. The model, piloted two years ago and implemented throughout most of Georgia in FY98, is designed to most effectively balance offender risk and public safety with effective use of limited personnel resources. In short, the Risk-Based Supervision Model identifies the probationers presenting the most risk to the community and provides those probationers with the most structured supervision.
Probationers who present a lower risk to the community are assigned to Standard caseloads, which had no official capacity limit in FY99. At the end of the fiscal year, the average Standard caseload size in Georgia was 255.
Caseloads of probationers who present a higher risk to the community are assigned to Intensive Probation Supervision, Specialized Probation Supervision, Maximum, and High Supervision levels. These caseloads have designated offender

Felons 64%

Felons 80%

Misdemeanors 36%

Misdemeanors 20%

limits that will not be exceeded. Due to increasing numbers of high-risk probationers and rather than exceed the caps for these caseloads, additional high risk caseloads are created, using officers previously assigned to Standard caseloads. With fewer Standard caseload officers, those caseloads rise.

Chart 12: Probationer Crime Types
Since FY90, the number of probationers convicted of violent crimes has increased by nearly 75 percent and the number convicted of sex offenses has increased by almost 120 percent. One-third of all probationers in FY99 were convicted of a property crime while nearly 40 percent were convicted of a drug or alcohol crime.

60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000
0

Violent

20,002

Sex 4,691

Prope rty 49,265

Drugs DUI/Hab. Viol. Other

39,507

14,467

11,595

24

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Probation

Probation Supervision Standards

Most probationers are supervised on Standard caseloads. Specialized caseloads are reserved for those offenders convicted of sex crimes or family violence crimes. Intensive caseloads are reserved for those offenders sentenced by the judiciary to Intensive Probation Supervision (IPS). All other caseloads are established by the use of the Risk Assessment and Reassessment instruments.The highest risk caseloads are Intensive Probation Supervision, Specialized Probation Supervision, Max, and High. Officers with these caseloads of 35 to 80 probationers, depending upon the level of risk, can provide close supervision and surveillance, along with frequent visits to homes and worksites, to ensure that the probationers are conforming to sentence conditions. These frequent visits allow officers to identify factors which could result in criminal behaviors and address them before the public's safety is endangered.
Crime Types Offenders sentenced to IPS by the court have no
typical crime type, yet their crimes tend to range from violent to property offenses. However, the IPS offender's crime usually has an underlying alcohol or drug abuse issue. At the SPS supervision level, offenders usually have been convicted of rape, aggravated child molestation, family violence or any number of sex offenses. At the Maximum supervision level, offenders are typically violent, sexual offenders, predators against children, and others who have demonstrated extreme risk to the community. Those in the high supervision level are a second tier of career criminals, violent offenders,

Chart 13: Distribution of Caseloads
At the end of FY99, the Probation Division actively supervised 88,469 offenders on field probation, the majority of whom were under Standard level supervision. An additional 47,152 offenders were on administrative status.

Standard 77%

High 10%
Max 3%
Intensive 5%
Specialized 5%

predators, and others who have demonstrated risk to the community. Standard supervision offenders are typically property offenders and those who owe court-ordered monies. They may include violent offenders who have adhered to the conditions of probation and thus have reduced their risk to the community. Georgia law mandates that after two years on active probation supervision with fully-paid restitution, fines and fees, and with no cause to extend probation, a probationer is classified as being on Administrative supervision.
Georgia's Standard Caseload Size Larger Than National Average
In 1997 the national average for Standard caseloads was 155 offenders per officer. For Georgia, the caseload size in 1997 was 207. At the end of FY98, the average caseload in Georgia was 275. Even with the addition of 50 officers during FY99, the average probation caseload at the end of FY99 was 255, still 65 percent higher than the national average.
Probationer/Officer Contacts In FY99, Georgia had 743 caseload-carrying proba-
tion officers to supervise 140,000 probationers. In addition, 92 probation surveillance officers and 50 probation aides provided support to the supervision of these caseloads. To ensure than offenders are complying with the court-ordered conditions of probation, field probation officers see probationers in the probation offices, in the probationers' homes, at their worksites, and other locations in the community. Additionally, an officer contacts persons who may provide information about probationer's behavior and compliance with the conditions of the sentence.
In general, the higher the level of supervision, the more often there is contact between the officer and the probationer. In the Maximum supervision level, officers attempt to make contact with the probationer a minimum of four times a month and in the High supervision level, the officers seek to have no fewer than two contacts per month. During FY99, officers made 524,987 contacts with Max and High-level probationers. As these officers become familiar with the probationers on their caseloads, they may see a need for additional contacts beyond those which are mandated by the supervision level. During FY99, officers statewide exceeded the mandated requirements by 90,944 supervision contacts.
The Standard level requires one supervision contact per month, with the type of contact (face-to-face, call-in, mail-in, etc.) determined by the probationer's compliance status and the time available to the supervising officer. During FY99, there were 671,113 mandated contacts made with Standard level probationers. Additionally, there were 86,662 contacts with probationers that were not mandated.

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

25

Probation
Profile of Probationers
The protection of the community is the moving force behind GDC's Probation Division. Probationers are sentenced by the judge to either serve their probated sentence in the community and supervised by a probation officer or to serve time in a community probation facility, such as a diversion center or detention center. The following data include probationers in the field as well as in community facilities.

General Total Population:
Gender Male Female
Race Non-White White
Age Groups 00-21 22-39 40-98 Age Unknown
Sentencing Sentence Length 0-1 year 1.1-3 years 3.1-5 years 5.1-6 years 6.1 years and over
Case Type Split Sentence Straight Sentence Other
Type Probationer Misdemeanant Felon
(Data as of June 24, 1999)

139,527

110,515 (79%) 29,012 (21%)

73,060 (52%) 66,467 (48%)

19,199 (14%) 84,914 (61%) 35,177 (25%)
237 (<1%)

18,910 24,493 27,799 30,089
38,235

(14%) (18%) (20%) (22%)
(26%)

Probation officers meet with probationers in the probation offices, in the probationers' homes or worksites, and in other locations to ensure that they are adhering to the court-ordered conditions of probation. At an office visit, probation officers may conduct a drug or alcohol screening test, coordinate a community service project, or collect fines, fees or restitution from the probationer.

11,657 (8%) 124,944 (90%)
2,925 (2%)

26,249 (19%) 112,069 (81%)

"Even with the addition of 50 officers during FY99, the average probation caseload at the end of FY99 was 255, still 65 percent higher than the national average."

26

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Probation

Probation Services

Court Services As a statutory requirement, probation officers serve
the local courts. In some circuits, this work includes assisting the judiciary by preparing sentences, orders of probation, and other documents. In other circuits, probation officers conduct pre-sentence investigations and record checks to give judges information before a sentencing decision is made. In FY99, there were more than 197,000 of these investigations performed statewide.
In some circuits, probation officers assist the courts by conducting administrative hearings or obtaining court hearing waivers from the probationers rather than using court time to resolve disciplinary problems.
Interstate Compact The Interstate Compact agreement between states
allows probationers to be supervised in states other than the one in which they were sentenced. This permits probationers to transfer as their jobs move or to seek support with relatives.
As of the end of FY99, Georgia was handling 6,370 active interstate cases (2,746 as the receiving state and 3,624 as the sending state.)
The national governing body for Interstate Compact matters, the Parole and Probation Interstate Compact Administrators Association, is in the process of revising the Compact in order to address public safety concerns and offender accountability.
Law Enforcement Collaboration Joint endeavors between probation officers and local
law enforcement or with other community groups are excellent opportunities to improve the public awareness of probation. Studies have indicated that most survey respondents have a high opinion of their local law enforcement officers, but a less favorable view of the overall criminal justice system. The less favorable view of probation was partially attributed to the fact that the public has little understanding of the probation officer's role in the community. Community involvement projects increase the visibility of the Probation Division and allow the public to understand the probation officer's role in reducing the risk probationers pose to the community.
The Probation Division for many years has collaborated with and assisted local law enforcement agencies with a variety of tasks. Examples include serving warrants, pursuing fleeing felons or escaped prisoners, searching for marijuana fields, participating in drug raids, and conducting searches of property or vehicles. With probation officer assistance and/or collaboration, illegal weapons, cash, drugs, pagers, and cellular telephones used to sell drugs were seized.

Additionally, probation officers worked with law enforcement to provide criminal justice education to communities and to assist victims of natural disasters such as tornadoes.
Partnerships During FY99, the Probation Division collaborated
with the Immigration and Naturalization Services (INS) to identify and investigate foreign-born sex offenders. If the INS found that the probationer had violated immigration regulations, the probationer was processed for possible deportation from the United States. An ongoing relationship with INS has been established in the Gainesville, Georgia area.
Also in FY99, emorandums of Understanding were initiated with the Georgia Department of Labor to facilitate employment for probationers and also with the Department of Transportation to expedite the assignment of probationers to work on road details.
In January 1999, a partnership between the Athens Probation Office and the Athens-Clarke County Police Department called Community Beat Supervision began in a high crime area. The goal is to increase public safety by sharing information regarding probationers with the police and to provide closer supervision of the probationers in the zone with the assistance of police.
In FY99, a partnership with the Georgia Department of Education was developed to share probation and criminal justice education with the goal of safer schools for faculty and students.
Also, the Probation Division provides training to Department of Transportation (DOT) work detail supervisors in managing community service probationers, screens and assigns appropriate probationers to the work details, and maintains a record of hours worked. The DOT provides supervisors and transportation for weekend work details, facilitating swifter completion of the court-ordered community service hours.
Drug and Alcohol Programs At the end of FY99, five percent (6,584) of the
probation population were serving a sentence for drug sales and 23 percent (31,642) were serving sentences for drug possession. Additionally, a review of case histories reveals that many other crimes are committed while the offender was under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
Any illicit drug use endangers public safety and constitutes a violation of the law. The probation order may require routine drug testing and an officer may require that the probationer submit to a drug test if there is any reason to believe the probationer is using illict drugs. If the probationer

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

27

Probation
Probation Services (Continued)

appears to be intoxicated, an officer may order a "for cause" alcohol test. If tested positive fro drugs or alcohol, the probationer faces a number of possible sanctions, including arrest.
During FY99, probation officers conducted 91,096 drug tests. Approximately 10.6 percent of the total tests were positive. There were 26,587 alcohol tests administered and 8.6 percent had positive results.
Since 1993, the Probation Division has contracted with substance abuse counselors in several judicial circuits to provide substance abuse education and counseling to probationers at no cost to the probationer. During FY99, more than 4,250 hours of instruction and counseling were provided to probationers by contract counselors.

National statistics show that offenders who remain employed while under a sentence of probation show fewer overall supervision problems.
Drug Courts A drug court is a specialized court which is respon-
sible for handling cases involving drug-abusing offenders through comprehesive supervision, drug testing, treatment

GRIPP

The Griffin Recovery

Intervention Probation

Program (GRIPP) provides

services to probationers who

have been identified as

substance abusers and/or

addicted to alcohol and other

drugs. Program elements include drug/alcohol

In FY99, probation officers administered 26,587 alcohol tests with Alco-Sensors -- 8.6 percent of the tests proved positive for the presence of alcohol. Since 1993, the Probation Division has contracted with substance abuse counselors

therapy, classes on life/social in several judicial circuits to provide substance abuse education and group counseling to probationers at no cost to the

skills, personal counseling probationer.

and case management.

GRIPP works in direct conjunction with probation

services, immediate sanctions, and incentives.

officers by identifying the immediate and long-term needs of

Drug court programs are in operation in Georgia in

probationers who are referred, and providing these services the Atlanta, Brunswick, Cobb, Dublin and Macon Judicial

in an intensive out-patient treatment setting. All referrals to Circuits. Several other circuits are considering implementing

GRIPP are court-ordered as a condition of probation.

such programs as a means of addressing the many problems

presented by drug-abusing offenders.

TOPPSTEP

The Offender Probationer Parolee State Employment

Training Program (TOPPSTEP) is a collaborative venture

between the Georgia Department of Corrections, the Board of

Pardons and Paroles, and the Department of Labor to assist

offenders in assimilating back into the workforce. Through

TOPPSTEP, the Probation Division hopes to accomplish the

goal of having every capable probationer gainfully employed

and self-sufficient.

28

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Probation

Community Service

In most cases, a crime has a specific victim. However, in the larger sense, the community is a victim of every crime committed against any of its members. In addition

to restitution paid to that specific crime victim, probationers

may be ordered to pay "symbolic restitution" to the commu-

nity. This type of restitution takes the form of unpaid work

performed for the good of the community by probationers.

The work must be for an agency approved by the local

judiciary.

Probationers are ordered to perform community

service as a condition of probation, or in lieu of fines, jail, or

prison. Community service may also be used as a disciplinary

step in a revocation proceed-

ing.

Chart 14: Percentage of Active Population Assigned to

The Community Service program was active in all 47 circuits during FY99. Each circuit has at

Community Service least one officer whose

primary responsibility is the

Community Service 16.9%

coordination and enforcement of the community service program. All work to

be credited to the commu-

nity service sentence must be

organized through the

circuit's community service

coordinator.

There is almost no

cost to the community for

this labor, providing only a supervisor for the workers and

any raw materials (trash bags, lawnmowers, etc.) needed for

the work. As local budgets become more constrained, the

demand for community service work is expected to increase.

Community Service work often takes the form of

unskilled labor such as collecting litter by public roads,

mowing grass, and working in recycling centers. There were

2,115,674 hours of unskilled labor completed during FY99.

At the current minimum wage, this labor was worth $10.9

million (see chart 15).

Special Projects Performed by Higher Skilled Probationers
Some probationers who know or possess unique skills are required to perform more diverse forms of labor as part of their Community Service sentence. In FY99, some of these special projects were:

Chart 15: Value of Community Service Work by Probationers
Since the number of misdemeanor cases assigned to state probation decreased, the overall number of Community Service hours assigned and completed was expected to drop.To deal with this potential problem, Community Service Coordinators refocused their efforts on compliance, monitoring, and enforcement. Accordingly, there were actually half of a percent more hours completed in FY99 than in FY98.

$11,500,000 $11,000,000 $10,500,000 $10,000,000 $9,500,000 $9,000,000 $8,500,000FY96

FY97

FY98

FY99

An elementary school's outdoor playground
equipment was repaired and welded by community service workers.
A probationer who was a certified dive instructor
provided training to a local police rescue team as part of his community service sentence.
A house was remodeled to be used as a battered
women's shelter.
Fiscal Year 1999 was the first year that special project hours were collected separately. A total of 30,134 hours were devoted to special projects during the year. This represents approximately 2 percent of the total hours performed by community service workers. If the value of the special projects were credited at an appropriate Georgia Manufacturing Wage, rather than at the minimum wage, the value would be over $241,000.

A team of community service workers completed
cleanup, landscaping, and minor construction at a park in an inner-city Atlanta community.

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

29

Probation
Intensive and Specialized Probation Supervision

Intensive Probation Supervision Georgia's Intensive Probation Supervision (IPS) is a
highly structured probation supervision program which emphasizes intensive levels of intervention, surveillance, and enforcement. It is designed as an intermediate sanction for the judiciary, by providing a sentencing option for offenders who have supervision needs that exceed the capabilities of basic probation, yet pose no unmanageable risk to the community. At the end of this fiscal year, the IPS program was available in 45 of the 47 judicial circuits in the state.
The concept of IPS requires teams of probation officers and surveillance officers to supervise reduced caseloads, compared to basic probation. This reduction provides officers the ability to closely monitor probationer behavior and accountability, and to require strict compliance with the court-ordered conditions of probation.
The program effectively monitors very stringent conditions of probation, holds probationers fully accountable for their compliance and behaviors, and provides an element of risk control within the community through enhanced surveillance and timely enforcement. IPS allows compliant offenders the opportunity to serve their sentences in the community while maintaining gainful employment, supporting their families, paying taxes, making restitution to crime victims and paying fines and fees to local governments.
During Fiscal Year 1999, the IPS average monthly caseload was 4,149 probationers which was 5 percent of the total active probation population.
IPS Conditions Offenders on Intensive Probation Supervision
caseloads must adhere to special conditions of probation which include:
1. Stricter Curfews -- Probationers must be in their homes at specified times during each 24-hour period. This is typically any time that the probationer is not actively engaged in work or school activities.
2. Employment -- Probationers must obtain and retain employment and provide proof of the employment on a routine basis.
3. Enhanced Drug and Alcohol Screening -- Probationers must submit to routine and "for cause" tests for illicit substance abuse.
4. Random Searches -- Residences, persons, and all other property belonging to probationers may be searched without warrants. This includes computers, videos, and recordings in the probationer's possession.
5. Frequent Contacts -- Probationers may be subjected to round-the-clock, unannounced contacts at home and elsewhere.

Specialized Probation Supervision Specialized Probation Supervision (SPS) are caseloads
reserved for those probationers who have committed sexual crimes, crimes against children, or crimes of family violence. At the end of June 1999, there were 4,369 probationers in the SPS program, approximately 5 percent of the total active propulation. SPS probationers are placed on administrative caseloads only at the order of the sentencing court. It is expected that the number of sex offenders under probation supervision will continue to rise for the next several years.
In addition to assessing the general risk level of SPS probationers, a probationer who committed a sex offense is administered the Sex Offender Screening Instrument to better determine his potential for sexual re-offending. An investigation is also made to develop an appropriate supervision plan.
Sex offenders are the only crime group for which there are more persons incarcerated than on probation. However, 42 percent (2,089) of sex offenders who are incarcerated will be supervised on probation following their release from prison.
SPS Conditions Officers supervising probationers on specialized
caseloads must: 1. Complete a criminal history upon intake and at
least annually thereafter. 2. Review the incident report or prosecutor's indict-
ment. 3. Complete a home investigation within 10 days of
initial intake and repeat each time the probationer changes residence. Further, the officer must verify the probationer's residence monthly.
4. Contact the victim or the victim's guardian to determine any support services or informational needs that may exist.
5. Maintain a current photo of the probationer, which may be shared with other law enforcement agencies.
6. Approve the employment of the probationer, and verify at least monthly.
7. Review copies of the latest state and federal income tax return annually to determine the probationer's ability to pay for treatment, to verify all employment and to ensure the probationer is in compliance with state and federal requirements.

30

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Probation

Cost Allocation Per Probationer

Probation is a bargain compared to other correctional sanctions. As of the end of FY99, the cost for Standard level probation supervision was established at $1.24 per offender per day. This is less than 3 percent of the cost of incarceration. Intensive and Specialized caseloads cost $3.54 per day, about 7 percent of incarceration costs. The offender remains in the community and is required to be

employed, therefore, he pays taxes and supports his or her family. This is in addition to paying restitution, probation fees, and fines. These payments are not possible if the offender is incarcerated.
Also, the state cost for probationers residing in diversion centers is offset by the cost of room and board paid by the offender ($3.1 million in FY99).

Chart 16: Per Diem Cost Per Offender
Even the more "expensive" Specialized and Intensive Probation Supervision still cost tens of dollars less, per day, per offender than those inmates incarcerated at a state prison or center.

Specialized Probation Supervision $3.54

Boot Camp $41.54

Intensive Probation Supervision $3.54
State Prison $47.68

Transitional Center $42.50

Standard Probation Supervision $1.24

Detention Center $40.55

Diversion Center $48.92

Field Probation Costs Versus Prisons/Centers

Description

Total Costs

Annual Cost Per Offender

Cost Per Day Cost Per Day Percentage

(All Funds)

(State Only) of Expenses

State Prisons

$ 599,950,618

Transitional Centers

13,905,207

Private Prisons

7,989,445

County CI & Jail Subsidies 35,522,246

Diversion Centers

17,213,145

Detention Centers

40,306,442

Boot Camps

6,866,402

Field Probation Supervision 68,078,498

Other (see "Note" below) 28,965,186

$ 17,402 15,513 15,521
17,856 14,800 15,162
501

$ 47.68 42.50 42.52
48.92 40.55 41.54 1.37

$ 45.61 41.27 42.06
38.54 35.64 37.26 1.34

73.27% 1.70% 0.98% 4.34% 2.10% 4.92% 0.84% 8.31% 3.54%

NOTE: Includes start-up for Fast Track Units and a new Transitional Center; security upgrades at several State Prisons; and the County Prison construction grants.

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

31

Probation
Return on Investment
One of the duties of probation officers is to ensure payment of any financial obligations (fines, fees, restitution, court costs, etc.) ordered by the courts. The probation offices collect the fines, monetary restitution for the crime victims, and fees which are forwarded to the state treasury. This includes the Georgia Crime Victim Emergency Fund (GCVEF) fees of $3.00 per probationer per month that forwarded to a special fund in the state treasury. During FY99, $469,705 was collected and forwarded to this fund. Court costs, attorney fees and child support are sometimes added as "other" collections.
With fewer probationers under active supervision, the total collections did drop by about 0.6 percent in FY99. However, in the interests of serving the victims of crime, restitution is a priority in collections. Restitution collections actually rose slightly in FY99, just over one percent.
Probation Delivers More The Probation Division received $64,279,317 in state
funds for FY99. When the value of community service is included, the Probation Division provided nearly $3 million more in value to the state (over $67 million) than the state budgeted for probation services.

Chart 17: FY99 Collection Types
Although there were fewer probationers under active probation supervision and, thus, a lower amount in total collections than in previous years, the amount collected in restitution and fees reached an all-time high in FY99.

$80,000,000 $70,000,000 $60,000,000 $50,000,000 $40,000,000 $30,000,000 $20,000,000 $10,000,000
$0
Type Collection

Amount Collected in FY99

Value of Community Service Fines/Costs/Other Supervision Fees, GCVEF Restitution Paid to Victims

$ 10,850,149 31,037,895 13,541,023 11,646,804

Total

$ 67,075,871

Chart 18: Total Collections
With fewer probationers under active supervision, the total collections dropped by about 0.6 percent in FY99. Restitution collections, however, rose by just over 1 percent.

$58,000,000

$56,000,000

$54,000,000

$52,000,000

$50,000,000

$48,000,000

$46,000,000FY93

FY94

FY95

FY96

FY97

FY98

FY99

32

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Georgia Department of Corrections
FY99 Annual Report

Administration Division

State Department of Corrections Expenditures FY90 - FY99
$800,000,000
$700,000,000
$600,000,000
$500,000,000
$400,000,000FY90 FY91 FY92 FY93 FY94 FY95 FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99

The FY99 state fund expenditures increased slightly over FY98. Salary increases under the Georgia Pay for Performance System was one contributing factor. Additionally, correctional officers assigned to prisons with high security missions received a 5 percent increase. Probation officers carrying specialized caseloads also received a 5 percent supplement.

Administration

Business and Technical Support

The Administration Division provides business and technical support to the three other divisions within the Georgia Department of Corrections.

Care and Custody The Care and Custody section ordered, inventoried
and distributed all inmate clothing and supply items to over

45,000 inmates and detainees, as well as staff clothing and

Accounting/Payroll/Grants

security supplies to over 10,000 employees. In FY99, while

The Accounting section identified and resolved

the number of inmates and the number of staff increased, the

potential barriers to maximize the financial resources and

section operated with the same amount of money allocated in

ensure the efficient financial

administration of the

department. Accounting is

responsible for the develop-

ment and application of

financial policies within the

agency. This section also

processes all GDC payments

for goods or services

provided to the department,

including payments to

employees for salary and

travel reimbursements,

contractors and consultants,

vendors, and payments to

other state agencies.

Accounting is responsible for

GDC's cash management

and performs all internal and

external financial reporting.

Centralized records facilitate

this reporting within GDC

and to outside agencies, contractors, vendors, legislators, and other

Employees of the Fleet Management section of the Georgia Department of Corrections perform vehicle maintenance and repair on the fleet of over 2,000 GDC cars, trucks, buses, and vans.

interested parties.

FY98. To control costs, Care and Custody implemented a

Budget

new budget monitoring system and spread its budget among

The Budget Services section developed, allocated, and the different facilities and held them accountable for their

managed the agency's $835 million total budget for FY99, funds. This section implemented the Care and Custody

which included $49 million in Federal and other funds. This Accounting Reporting and Evaluation System (CARES)

section provides services to the field locations tailored to the computer system at four probation detention centers, and are

agency's regional concept. For FY99, total GDC expendi- awaiting computers before implementing to all remaining

tures were to within a half of a percent of the budgeted

probation detention centers.

amount.

Fiscal Audits

Business and Support Services

This section reviewed $116.8 million in agency funds

This unit provides business-related supportive services in FY99, including inmates' money received at the prisons,

to all GDC divisions and field units. It includes six technical sales in the inmate commissary, earnings from center

functions and a special projects unit. The technical functions residents' employers, and collections of fines, fees and

are Fiscal Audits, Care and Custody, Property Control,

restitution at probation offices. The auditors complete

Privatization and Business Enhancement, Fleet Manage-

operational and compliance audits to verify adherence to

ment, and Telecommunications. These units ensure that

standard operating procedures.

departmental services are delivered as efficiently and

Financial records at prisons, centers and probation

economically as possible.

offices are maintained on four computerized accounting

34

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Administration

programs. The Fiscal Audits section is the primary training section to the field accounting personnel for these software programs.
Fleet Management This section acquires, replaces and repairs a fleet of
2,100 vehicles. It operates two garages for the repair of GDC vehicles, one near Metro State Prison in Atlanta and one in the Milledgeville prison complex. The section performs mechanical repairs as well as body repair work.
Privatization and Business Enhancement This section developed bid documents on three
privatization projects and administered the renewal, termination and/or development of 31 real estate leases. Also, this section administers the department's Records Retention Program.

Telecommunications
The Telecommunications section is responsible for a $6.5 million budget. These dollars are allocated for the provision of voice and data communications for the
department's administrative offices, state prisons, probation offices, detention centers, diversion centers and transitional centers. During FY99, this office was instrumental in the
replacement or upgrade of multiple departmental telephone systems which were either antiquated or were not Y2K compliant.

Property Audit The Property Audit section manages the control of all
departmental property. The Property Audit section audited
every facility, probation region and all central office sections under GDC operations. The staff inventoried over 60,000 items valued at $98 million and reconciled the department's
inventory to convert to the PeopleSoft database. The Property Audit Section also developed and
implemented a policy to charge facilities and sections for
missing control items which has greatly improved the awareness of property control in the agency. This section uses the barcode scanning system to improve audit efficiency.

Purchasing The Purchasing section offers technical assistance,
training, and customer support for the procurement of goods and services. In FY99, the Purchasing and Accounting sections developed procedures, conducted training classes,
and conducted onsite auditing and customer support in order to make the purchasing card system efficient and effective. This program resulted in a reduction in administrative
actions associated with the procurement of goods.

Special Projects
The Special Projects unit provides an in-house consulting resource to other sections needing to upgrade processes or organization. The unit has been the technical
lead in planning the implementation of the Fleet Anywhere vehicle management system. It also coordinated the security administration activity for implementation of the PeopleSoft
financial system.

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

35

Administration
FY99 Expenditures
The Georgia Department of Corrections' FY99 expenditures totalled $819 million. Over $42.5 million of that amount was in non-state funds that came from federal funds for child nutrition, substance abuse aftercare, and education, room and board fees from diversion center residents, receipts from county, city, and DOT work details, monies from central project telephone funds, and other miscellaneous fund sources. Additional non-state funds that are not included in the budget total (and are remitted directly to the State Treasury) are $13.3 million from probation supervision fees, room and board fees from transitional centers totalling $1.5 million and other miscellaneous monies.
For FY99, state expenditures were to within a half of a percent of the budgeted amount.

Object Class

Expenses

Personal Services Regular Operating Travel Motor Vehicle Purchases Equipment Purchases Real Estate Rentals Per Diem Fees, Contracts Computer Charges Telecommunications Inmate Release Fund Court Costs County Subsidy Meal Payments (Central State Hospital) Utility Payments (Central State Hospital) Health Service Purchases Central Repair Fund Mag Health Certification Utilities County Subsidy for Jails Grants for County Construction Meals (Public Safety) Contracts (UGA Extention Service) Minor Construction Fund Year 2000 Remediation

$524,992,849 63,184,278 2,105,511 2,703,256 4,133,780 6,207,211 15,812,763 7,738,886 6,318,657 1,432,299 1,268,493 22,018,160 3,655,185 1,557,968 91,441,059 1,090,530 66,621 21,620,816 13,076,542 21,042,270 522,288 366,244 893,233 5,548,289

Chart 19: Expenditures by Type
As in many large corporations, personal services (salaries) are the largest expense. However the second largest expense for the Department of Corrections is health service purchases for inmates in the prison system.
Personal Svcs. 64.1%

Reg. Operating Other

11.2%

7.7%

Health Svc. Purchases 17.0%

"For FY99, state expenditures were to within a half of a percent of the budgeted amount."

FY99 Expenditure Total

$818,797,188
($776,330,010 in state funds)

36

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Georgia Department of Corrections
FY99 Annual Report
Human Resources
Division
Georgia's state Correctional Officers and Probation Officers are certified as law enforcement professionals by the Georgia Peace Officers Standards and Training Council (P.O.S.T.). All sworn officers must pass an exam required by P.O.S.T. before they can enter basic training.
In order to continue their correctional education and to enhance their skills, all officers participate in regular in-service training throughout their career with the Department of Corrections.

Human Resources

Personnel

Central Personnel Administration develops, coordinates, monitors, evaluates, and administers personnel functions department-wide. It provides oversight,

operating system and to achieve compliance with Y2K requirements and with the federal government's Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. An additional advantage is

consultation, technical assistance, and policy direction for the the ability to easily upgrade the PeopleSoft computer

75 correctional facilities and the various departmental units programs as enhancements are developed.

located across the state, which are charged with carrying out

personnel functions at a local level. Major personnel

Recruitment Efforts Increased

functions in support of the department's 14,600 employees

The GDC continued its aggressive recruitment

include transactions, benefits, job evaluation/compensation, program, responding to a highly competitive labor market

applicant recruitment/testing/qualification determination,

and limited applicant pools. On-site testing for Correctional

employee and applicant drug

Officer vacancies

testing, human resources policy development, EEO/ grievances, Return-to-Work

Chart 20: Number of GDC Employees Versus Offenders

and general recruitment activities were

Program, computer services,

conducted

records management, and

While the number of GDC employees remains steady, the total number of offenders throughout

the coordination of Fair Labor Standards Act,

continues to rise. GDC reviewed and improved its employee recruitment efforts in FY99 by using a variety of job advertisement methods.

Georgia as well as in other southeast-

Family Medical Leave Act,

ern states. Job

and Performance Manage-

160,000

advertisement

ment Review activities.

140,000

methods included

120,000

use of media and

100,000

information

FY99 Personnel

80,000

technology

Highlights

60,000

resources such as

40,000

television, radio

Pay Increase at

20,000

and the internet

Arrendale S.P.

0 FY93

FY94

FY95

FY96

FY97

FY98

FY99

(www.dcor.state.ga.us).

Uniformed security staff who work in and

Employees Inmates Probationers

Various traditional methods of job

provide supervision of

advertisement (e.g.

prisoners housed in

vacancy announce-

Arrendale State Prison

ments, brochures,

became eligible to receive additional income of 5 percent of department promotional video, etc.) were reviewed and

base salary. This measure was implemented to aid in the

improved. Preparations were made to convert the GDC Job

retention of security staff and reduce turnover at Arrendale Info Line to a new toll-free number with automated features

State Prison in Alto, Georgia. This prison has had more

(1-888-343-JOBS option #4) making information about

security staff recruitment and retention problems than any

current job vacancies even more accessible and convenient to

other state prison, primarily due to its large population of

applicants. This toll-free number is now accessible Monday -

highly problematic youthful male offenders and its relative Friday, 8:00am - 4:30pm.

geographic isolation.

Paperless Employee Files

New Human Resources System

Efforts were well underway to convert a massive

GDC Human Resources and Administration

volume of paper records and files to an electronic medium.

Divisions' staff were heavily involved in the state's Phoenix An electronic imaging system, first implemented in FY98,

Program, participating significantly in the design, develop- was utilized to "scan" paper records and files into a computer

ment, prototyping, testing, and implementation of the

database, providing more accessibility and flexibility in

PeopleSoft Human Resource and Financial Management

retrieving and using employee medical and personnel files.

system. The Phoenix Program was initiated by Georgia state The ongoing project to scan many thousands of paper

government to replace a group of essential but outdated

records and files into a computer database continued through

information systems with one, technologically-current

this fiscal year and into Fiscal Year 2000.

38

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Human Resources

Training
The Training Section develops, coordinates and delivers job-specific training to all departmental employees. The section is made up of five training units and an administrative unit to accomplish this mission. The Academy Operations Unit delivers orientation and basic training to new correctional officers. They also deliver Peace Officers Standards and Training Council (POST) mandated annual inservice training to all sworn facility employees. The Probation Training Unit delivers orientation, basic and inservice training to all Probation Division sworn employees. The Employee Development Unit has a widely varied mission and is responsible for coordinating and delivering training to counselors, health service employees, Food and Farm employees, education staff, juvenile and women's services, chaplaincy staff, and maintenance employees. The Management Development Unit provides developmental opportunities for all departmental supervisors and managers. The Instructional Systems Unit supports the departmental computer technology by providing classroom and computer-based training on software applications. The Administrative Services Unit provides support to the Training Section in the areas of procurement, property management, and telecommunications. Also, the Administrative Unit maintains the GDC training history system and processes travel reimbursement for all employees who attend training.
FY99 Training Benchmarks The number of correctional officers trained increased
by 30 percent over last fiscal year. The number of probation officers trained increased by 36 percent. POST annual inservice training was delivered to all probation officers and 99.99 percent of all correctional officers. The number of programs delivered by the Employee Development unit increased by 37 percent. Six hundred and fifty-five private prison correctional officers were trained this fiscal year. The Instructional Systems unit standardized seven computer training classrooms with 12 workstations each.

Chart 21: Training Classes

Among other benchmarks in the Training Section, the number of correctional officers and probation officers trained in FY99 each increased by at least 30 percent over FY98.

Major Programmatic Areas
Basic Correctional Officers Training

Number of Participants
2,767

Basic Probation Officers Training

135

In-Service Training, Facilities and Probation

13,098

Management Development and Supervisory Training

1,299

Employee Development Training

6,526

Food Service Training

637

Pre Service Orientation

2,521

Computer Classes

4,503

Special Initiatives PeopleSoft, a new computer software system, was
implemented for all state agencies and changed how business is done in the areas of human resources and financial services. These changes brought about the need for a training initiative for all departmental human resource and financial employees. Within three months, a training program was developed, coordinated and delivered while the old system was being phased out and the new system implemented. During May and June 1999, over 680 people were trained in the new PeopleSoft applications and the training program will continue into the next year.

A new B.C.O.T. cadet reviews firearm techniques with an instructor at the Georgia Public Safety Training Center.

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

39

Human Resources

Inmate Health Services
For the first time in four fiscal years, the expenditures for the delivery of physical health, dental, and mental health services for Georgia inmates have increased. The Office of Health Services has determined the overriding factor which contributed to this rise as the increase in pharmaceutical costs. The Georgia Department of Corrections experienced an increase in the cost of HIV medication, an increase in cost for mental health medication, and the commencement of treatment for Hepatitis C in FY99.
Telemedicine Expanded Telemedicine, as an innovative tool for delivery of
health care within the GDC, was established at Georgia State Prison, Men's State Prison, Augusta State Medical Prison, and the Georgia Diagnostic and Classification Prison. Transporting inmates is expensive, ties up valuable staff times and involves inherent risks to public safety. Instead, a specially-designed high resolution camera system is installed in each prison's infirmary. Physicians at the Augusta State Medical Prison then perform examinations and recommend treatment without the need to transport the inmate. More than 388 remote telemedicine consults were performed since the program began in December 1998. This program, supported by the Office of Health Services, the Facilities Division and the prison wardens, has saved Georgia

Chart 22: Annual Health Care Costs Per Georgia Inmate Physical health care costs rose this year to $2,300 per inmate. Medication costs forced higher expenditures for health services in FY99.
$2,800 $2,600 $2,400 $2,200 $2,000 $1,800 $1,600
FY91 FY92 FY93 FY94 FY95 FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99
taxpayers nearly $50,000 in transportation, equipment, and personnel costs in FY99. Plans are in place to add seven additional telemedicine sites.

Chart 23: Comparison of Health Care Costs Georgia's inmate health care costs stand below the average cost per diem for those states surveyed.

State
Georgia Alabama Alaska Arkansas California Florida New Hampshire New York (1) North Carolina Tennessee

Population
39,512 19,700 4,200 9,699 161,055 64,521 2,147 70,553 31,914 13,624

Health Care Costs
$109,317,850 $23,370,504 $15,378,100 $18,627,899 $525,522,465 $230,320,613 $5,762,548 $219,358,000 $101,358,864 $41,539,576

Cost/Inmate/Day
$7.58 $3.25 $10.03 $5.26 $8.94 $9.78 $7.35 $8.52 $8.70 $8.35

Average per diem health care costs for the states surveyed

$7.78

(1) New York figures are based on the Department of Corrections medical cost ($189,358,000) plus the cost that the Department of Mental Health - Division of Forensic Services provides in mental health services ($30 million). In addition, the Department of Health Services provides some of the HIV care costs.

40

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Georgia Department of Corrections
FYA99pApnenunadl Rixeport
Appendix
Although GDC's 14,000 employees work in offices, centers, and prisons around the state of Georgia, Central Office personnel are largely based at the Floyd Building in Atlanta, adjacent to the State Capitol. GDC employees also work throughout Georgia in regional management offices, prison and detention facilities, probation centers, fleet management hubs, and food and farm operations.

Appendix: Directory
Central Office Directory
Board of Corrections Asa T. Boynton, Chairman (404) 656-6002
Commissioner Jim Wetherington (404) 656-6002
Assistant Commissioner Joe Ferrero
(404) 656-6002
Legal Office Bill Amideo
(404) 656-0962

Facilities Division James Doctor, Division Director (404) 656-2809
Probation Division Bob Lavoie, Division Director (404) 656-4747
Human Resources Division Peggy Ryan, Division Director (404) 656-4603
Administration Division Diane Bell, Division Director (404) 651-6997

Freq uently Asked Questions
Most questions about the Georgia Department of Corrections can be answered by the Public Affairs Office at 404-6569772. Also, facts and statistics about the agency can be found on the internet at www.dcor.state.ga.us. The following are some of the more frequently asked questions about GDC.

How do I find out: ...an inmate's state identification (or "EF") number? ...an inmate's crime? ...an inmate's tentative parole month? ...where an inmate is incarcerated? Call Inmate Information Services at 404-656-4569. Please have the inmate's name, gender, date of birth and race ready. Also helpful is the inmate's social security number.
I'm a victim. How can I determine the status of the offender or when the offender will be released?
Victims can register with the Victim Services' office at 404-656-7660. Registered victims will be notified of an inmate's change in status, escape, recapture or death.
How can I apply to become a Correctional Officer or Probation Officer?
All applicants can obtain a job application at any GDC facility or at the Georgia Department of Labor. Also, you may call the GDC Job Hotline at 1-888-343-JOBS, option #4, or 404-656-4730. (Monday - Friday, 8:00am - 4:30pm)

How can I get an inmate moved closer to me or farther away from my community?
If you wish to have an inmate considered for transfer, please contact Corrections' Classification section at 404-6564987.
Does GDC coordinate prison tours for troubled youths? Yes. The Commissioner's Awareness Program received a grant from the Follett Educational System in FY97 to provide tours for schoolchildren. Call 404-651-6994 for more information.
Does the Georgia Department of Corrections have a website?
Information and press releases about GDC are available on the internet at www.dcor.state.ga.us.
www.dcor.state.ga.us

42

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

State Prisons

Appendix: Directory

Regional Offices
Northern Regional Director Tony Turpin 10 Park Place, Ste. 310 Atlanta, GA 30303 (404) 656-4617
Central Regional Director Jimmy Sikes P. O. Box 278 Hardwick, GA 31034 (912) 445-4383
Southeast Regional Director Johnny Sikes HCO1 Reidsville, GA 30453 (912) 557-7707
Southwest Regional Director Herman Johnson 6501 Veteran's Parkway Suite 1-D Columbus, GA 31909 (706) 649-1999
State Prisons
Lee Arrendale State Prison P. O. Box 709 Alto, GA 30510 (706) 776-4700
Augusta State Medical Prison 3001 Gordon Highway Grovetown, GA 30813 (706) 855-4700
Autry State Prison P. O. Box 648 Pelham, GA 31779 (912) 294-2940
Baldwin State Prison P. O. Box 218 Hardwick, GA 31034 (912) 445-5218
Bostick State Prison P. O. Box 1700 Hardwick, GA 31034

(912) 445-4623 Burruss CTC P. O. Box 5849 Forsyth, GA 31029 (912) 994-7511
Calhoun State Prison P. O. Box 249 Morgan, GA 31766 (912) 849-5000
Central State Prison 4600 Fulton Mill Road Macon, GA 31208 (912) 471-2906
Coastal State Prison P. O. Box 7150 Garden City, GA 31418 (912) 965-6330
Dodge State Prison P. O. Box 276 Chester, GA 31012 (912) 358-7200
Dooly State Prison P. O. Box 750 Unadilla, GA 31091 (912) 627-2000
Georgia Diagnostic and Classification Prison P. O. Box 3877 Jackson, GA 30233 (770) 504-2000
Georgia State Prison 200 GA Hwy. 147 Reidsville, GA 30453 (912) 557-7301
Hancock State Prison P. O. Box 339 Sparta, GA 31087 (706) 444-1000
Hays State Prison P. O. Box 668 Trion, GA 30753 (706) 857-0400
Homerville State Prison P. O. Box 337 Homerville, GA 31634

(912) 487-3052 Lee State Prison 153 Pinewood Dr. Leesburg, GA 31763 (912) 759-6453
Macon State Prison P. O. Box 426 Oglethorpe, GA 31068 (912) 472-3400
Men's State Prison P. O. Box 396 Hardwick, GA 31034 (912) 445-4702
Metro State Prison 1301 Constitution Road Atlanta, GA 30316 (404) 624-2200
Milan State Prison P. O. Box 410 Milan, GA 31060 (912) 362-4900
Montgomery State Prison P. O. Box 256 Mt. Vernon, GA 30445 (912) 583-3600
Phillips State Prison 2989 W. Rock Quarry Road Buford, GA 30519 (770) 932-4500
Pulaski State Prison P. O. Box 839 Hawkinsville, GA 31036 (912) 783-6000
Putnam State Prison P. O. Box 3970 Eatonton, GA 31024 (706) 484-2900
Rivers State Prison P. O. Box 1500 Hardwick, GA 31034 (912) 445-4591
Rogers State Prison 200 Rogers Road Reidsville, GA 30453

(912) 557-7771 Rutledge State Prison 7175 Manor Road Columbus, GA 31907 (706) 568-2340
Scott State Prison P. O. Box 417 Hardwick, GA 31034 (912) 445-5375
Smith State Prison P. O. Box 726 Glennville, GA 30427 (912) 654-5000
Telfair State Prison P. O. Box 549 Helena, GA 31037 (912) 868-7721
Valdosta State Prison P. O. Box 310 Valdosta, GA 31603 (912) 333-7900
Walker State Prison P. O. Box 98 Rock Springs, GA 30739 (706) 764-3600
Ware State Prison 3620 Harris Road Waycross, GA 31501 (912) 285-6400
Washington State Prison P. O. Box 206 Davisboro, GA 31018 (912) 348-5814
Wayne State Prison 1007 Shed Road Odum, GA 31555 (912) 586-2244
West Central State Prison P. O. Box 589 Zebulon, GA 30295 (770) 567-0531
Wilcox State Prison P. O. Box 397 Abbeville, GA 31001 (912) 467-3000

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

43

Appendix: Directory
County Camps/Boot Camps/Private Prisons

County Prisons
Athens/Clarke CCI 2825 County Farm Road Athens, GA 30610 (706) 613-3400
Augusta/Richmond CCI 2314 Tobacco Road Augusta, GA 30906 (706) 798-5572
Bulloch CCI 17301 U.S. 301 North Statesboro, GA 30458 (912) 764-6217
Carroll Co. Prison 96 Horsley Mill Road Carrollton, GA 30117 (770) 830-5905
Clayton CCI 11420 S.L.R. Blvd. Lovejoy, GA 30250 (770) 473-5777
Colquitt Co. Prison 2010 County Farm Rd. Moultrie, GA 31776 (912) 891-7490
Coweta Co. Prison 101 Selt Road Newnan, GA 30263 (770) 254-3723
Decatur CCI 1153 Airport Rd. Bainbridge, GA 31717 (912) 248-3035
Effingham Co. Prison P. O. Box 235 Springfield, GA 31329 (912) 754-2108
Floyd Co. Prison 329 Black Bluff Road, SW Rome, GA 30161 (706) 236-2494
Gwinnett CCI P. O. Box 47 Lawrenceville, GA 30245 (770) 513-5701

Hall CCI 1694 Barber Road Gainesville, GA 30507 (770) 536-3672
Harris CCI 9982 GA Hwy. 116 Hamilton, GA 31811 (706) 628-4959
Jackson CCI 255 Curtis Spence Drive Jefferson, GA 30549 (706) 367-5287
Jefferson CCI 1159 Clarks Mill Rd. Louisville, GA 30434 (912) 625-7230
Mitchell CCI 4838 Hwy. 37 East Camilla, GA 31730 (912) 336-2045
Muscogee Co. Prison 7175 Sacredote Lane Columbus, GA 31907 (706) 562-0391
Screven CCI P. O. Box 377 Sylvania, GA 30467 (912) 863-4555
Spalding CCI 1515 Williamson Road Griffin, GA 30229 (770) 467-4760
Stewart CCI P. O. Box 157 Lumpkin, GA 31815 (912) 838-4385
Sumter CCI P. O. Box 484 Americus, GA 31709 (912) 924-6066
Terrell CCI 3110 Albany Hwy. Dawson, GA 31742 (912) 995-5381

Thomas Co. Prison 116 Joiner Road Thomasville, GA 31757 (912) 226-4394
Troup CCI 2508 Hamilton Road LaGrange, GA 30240 (706) 883-1720
Probation Boot Camps
Treutlen PBC P. O. Box 747 Soperton, GA 30457 (912) 529-6760
West Georgia PBC P. O. Box 690 Bremen, GA 30110 (770) 537-5143

Private Prisons
Coffee County Prison 2670 Harmony Rd. Nichols, GA 31554 (912) 345-5059
D. Ray James State Prison Highway 252 Folkston, GA 31537 (912) 496-6242
Wheeler County Prison 1100 North Broad St. Alamo, GA 30411 (912) 568-1731

44

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Appendix: Directory
Diversion Ctrs/Transitional Ctrs/Detention Ctrs

State Supervisor Curtis Scott 2 MLK Jr. Drive East Tower, Room 854 Atlanta, GA 30334 (404) 651-6994
Diversion Centers
Albany DC P. O. Box 50188 Albany, GA 31703 (912) 430-4306
Alcovy DC P. O. Box 1600 Monroe, GA 30655 (770) 207-4171
Athens DC P. O. Box 1229 Athens, GA 30603 (706) 542-8628
Augusta DC P. O. Box 5706 Augusta, GA 30906 (706) 771-4763
Clayton DC P. O. Box 2283 Forest Park, GA 30298 (404) 363-7680
Cobb DC 831 North Cobb Pkwy. Marietta, GA 30062 (770) 528-5300
Columbus DC 3900 Schatulga Road Columbus, GA 31907 (706) 568-2167
Gainesville DC 1002 Aviation Blvd. Gainesville, GA 30501 (770) 535-5723
Gateway DC 1100 Sylvan Road Atlanta, GA 30310 (404) 756-4600

Griffin DC P. O. Box 1086 Griffin, GA 30224 (770) 229-3327
Helms DC 1275 Constitution Rd. Atlanta, GA 30316 (404) 624-2413
Macon DC 200 Henry Street Macon, GA 31206 (912) 751-6197
Rome DC Northwest Regional Hospital 1305 Redmond Rd. Building 206 Rome, GA 30165 (706) 295-6418
Savannah DC 1303 E. President St. Savannah, GA 31404 (912) 651-2733
Thomasville DC P. O. Box 980 Thomasville, GA 31792 (912) 225-4025
Tommy M. Rouse DC P. O. Box 759 Waycross, GA 31502 (912) 285-6028

Transitional Centers
Albany TC 304 N. Washington Street Albany, GA 31701 (912) 430-3888
Atlanta TC 332 Ponce de Leon Ave., NE Atlanta, GA 30308 (404) 206-5075
Macon TC 1100 Second Street Macon, GA 31201 (912) 751-6090
Metro TC 1303 Constitution Road Atlanta, GA 30316 (404) 624-2380
Savannah Men's TC 1250 E. Presidents Street Savannah, GA 31404 (912) 651-5432
Savannah Women's TC 439 East Broad Street Savannah, GA 31401 (912) 651-2268

Davisboro Women's PDC P. O. Box 128 Davisboro, GA 31018 (912) 348-2348
Emanuel County PDC P. O. Box 1430 Twin City, GA 30471 (912) 763-2400
J. C. Larmore PDC P. O. Box 491419 College Park, GA 30349 (770) 306-6942
Northwest PDC 1030 W. Girrard Street Cedartown, GA 30125 (770) 749-2300
Patten PDC P. O. Box 278 Lakeland, GA 31635 (912) 482-8241
Rockdale-DeKalb PDC P. O. Box 1039 Conyers, GA 30012 (770) 388-5777
Southeast PDC P. O. Box 869 Claxton, GA 30417 (912) 739-1911

Probation Detention Centers
Central PDC P. O. Box 190 Cadwell, GA 31009 (912) 689-4750
Colwell PDC 797 Beasley Street Blairsville, GA 30512 (706) 745-3610
I. W. Davis PDC P. O. Box 730 Jefferson, GA 30549 (706) 367-1732

Southwest PDC P. O. Box 3188 Moultrie, GA 31776 (912) 891-7180
Western PDC P. O. Box 2250 Butler, GA 31006 (912) 862-5851
Whitworth PDC P. O. Box 769 Hartwell, GA 30643 (706) 856-2601
Women's PDC P. O. Box 920 Claxton, GA 30417 (912) 739-0716

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

45

Appendix: Directory
Field Probation Offices

Regional Offices
Northeast Regional Office 1506 Klondike Road Suite 104 Conyers, GA 30094 (770)785-6829
Northwest Regional Office 1260 Winchester Pkwy. Suite 113 Smyrna, GA 30080 (770) 319-3822
Southeast Regional Office P.O. Box 19 Waycross, GA 31502 (912) 285-6120
Southwest Regional Office P. O. Box 1036 Bainbridge, GA 31718 (912) 248-2600
Field Probation Offices
Adel PO 208 N. Parrish Avenue Adel, GA 31620 (912) 896-7525
Albany PO P. O. Box 822 Albany, GA 31702 (912) 430-4182
Americus PO P. O. Box 226 Americus, GA 31709 (912) 931-2537
Appling PO P. O. Box 344 Appling, GA 30802 (706) 541-0033
Athens PO P. O. Box 1146 Athens, GA 30603 (706) 369-6000
Atlanta-Central PO 353 Parkway Dr. Atlanta, GA 30312 (404) 463-4333
46

Atlanta PO 160 Pryor Street Room JG-54 Atlanta, GA 30335 (404) 656-3199 Atlanta North PO 7741 Roswell Road North Annex Building Suite 234 Atlanta, GA 30350 (770) 395-1946 Atlanta PO (Court Services) 160 Pryor Street Room JG-54 Atlanta, GA 30335 (404) 656-4600 Atlanta PO (Trnsfr.) 160 Pryor Street JG-54 Atlanta, GA 30335 (404) 656-4315 Atlanta PO (Pgms/IPS) Atlanta West Business Center Bldg. 100 - Suite 107 3201 Atlanta Industrial Parkway Atlanta, GA 30331 (404) 505-0133 Atlanta South PO1 2565 Jolly Road Suite 200 College Park, GA 30349 (404) 559-6661 Atlanta South PO2 (Annex) 5600 Stonewall Tell Road Suite 224 College Park, GA 30349 (770) 306-6933 Atlanta West PO 2001 MLK Jr. Drive Suite 412 Atlanta, GA 30310 (404) 756-4432 Augusta PO 901 Greene Street Augusta, GA 30901 (706) 721-8002 Bainbridge PO P. O. Box 1054 Bainbridge, GA 31718 (912) 248-2671

Baxley PO P. O. Box 898 Baxley, GA 31513 (912) 366-1063 Blairsville PO Box 7 185 Wellborne Street Blairsville, GA 30512 (706) 745-2824 Blakely PO P. O. Box 772 Blakely, GA 31723 (912) 723-4277 Blue Ridge PO 990 E. Main Street Suite 9 Blue Ridge, GA 30513 (706) 632-2149 Brunswick PO P. O. Box 178 Brunswick, GA 31521 (912) 262-3065 Buchanan PO P. O. Box 156 Buchanan, GA 30113 (770) 646-3810 Cairo PO P. O. Box 149 Cairo, GA 31728 (912) 377-5347 Calhoun PO P. O. Box 294 Calhoun, GA 30703 (706) 624-1414 Camilla PO P. O. Box 342 Camilla, GA 31730 (912) 522-3572 Canton PO P. O. Box 448 Canton, GA 30114 (770) 479-2602 Carnesville PO P. O. Box 371 Carnesville, GA 30521 (706) 384-4343

Carrollton PO 205 Tanner Street Suite B Carrollton, GA 30117 (770) 836-6704 Cartersville PO P. O. Box 771 Cartersville, GA 30120 (770) 387-3780 Cedartown PO P. O. Box 1771 Cedartown, GA 30125 (770) 749-2206 Clarkesville PO P. O. Box 2556 Clarkesville, GA 30523 (706) 754-9315 Claxton PO P. O. Box 26 Claxton, GA 30417 (912) 739-9612 Clayton PO 25 Courthouse Square Box 5 Clayton, GA 30525 (706) 782-4727 Cleveland PO 59 South Main Street Suite J Cleveland, GA 30528 (706) 865-7361 Columbus PO P. O. Box 2337 Columbus, GA 31902 (706) 649-7484 Conyers PO P. O. Box 473 Conyers, GA 30012 (770) 388-5011 Cordele PO 1304 South Seventh Street Cordele, GA 31015 (912) 276-2346 Covington PO P. O. Box 348 Covington, GA 30015 (770) 784-2110

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Appendix: Directory

Field Probation Offices (Continued)

Cumming PO 310 Tribble Gap Road Cumming, GA 30040 (770) 781-2170 Cuthbert PO P. O. Box 365 Cuthbert, GA 31740 (912) 732-2123 Dahlonega PO 163 Tipton Drive Dahlonega, GA 30533 (706) 867-2929 Dallas PO P. O. Box 82 Dallas, GA 30132 (770) 443-7861 Dalton PO P. O. Box 747 Dalton, GA 30722 (706) 272-2306 Danielsville PO P. O. Box 392 Danielsville, GA 30633 (706) 795-3845 Darien PO P. O. Box 1238 Darien, GA 31305 (912) 437-6669 Dawson PO P. O. Box 387 Dawson, GA 31742 (912) 995-6459 DeKalb Central PO (Admin. & Court Services) 547 Church Street 1st Floor Decatur, GA 30030 (404) 370-5113 DeKalb North PO LaVista Office Park 2187 Northlake Parkway #9, Room 23 Tucker, GA 30084 (770) 414-3670 DeKalb Central Case Management (Programs) 547 Church Street 2nd Floor Decatur, GA 30030 (404) 370-5114

Donalsonville PO P. O. Box 245 Donalsonville, GA 31745 (912) 524-2836

Gray PO P. O. Box 753 Gray, GA 31032 (912) 986-6611

LaFayette PO 114 East Patton Street LaFayette, GA 30728 (706) 638-5531

Douglas PO P. O. Box 1051 Douglas, GA 31534 (912) 389-4431

Greensboro PO P. O. Box 282 Greensboro, GA 30642 (706) 453-7131

LaGrange PO Rear 206 Ridley Avenue LaGrange, GA 30240 (706) 845-4125

Douglasville PO 6705 E. Church Street Suite 1 Douglasville, GA 30134 (770) 489-3070 Dublin PO P. O. Box 2012, CSS Dublin, GA 31040 (912) 275-6637 Eastman PO P. O. Box 4234 Eastman, GA 31023 (912) 374-6501

Greenville PO P. O. Box 582 Greenville, GA 30222 (706) 672-4971 Griffin PO 1435 N. Expressway Spalding Corners - Suite 302 Griffin, GA 30223 (770) 229-3132 Hartwell PO P. O. Box 715 Hartwell, GA 30643 (706) 856-2711

Lakeland PO P. O. Box 366 Lakeland, GA 31635 (912) 482-3303 Lawrenceville PO P. O. Box 1305 Lawrenceville, GA 30046 (770) 339-2222 Lawrenceville PO2 595 Old Norcross Road Suite D Lawrenceville, GA 30045 (770) 339-5120

Eatonton PO P. O. Box 4223 Eatonton, GA 31024 (706) 485-5304

Hazelhurst PO P. O. Box 1066 Hazelhurst, GA 31539 (912) 375-4441

Louisville PO P. O. Box 706 Louisville, GA 30434 (912) 625-3648

Elberton PO P.O. Drawer 725 Elberton, GA 30635 (706) 213-2032

Hinesville PO P. O. Box 94 Hinesville, GA 31310 (912) 370-2571

Lyons PO P. O. Box 658 Lyons, GA 30436 (912) 526-8311

Ellijay PO 368 Craig Street Suite 103 East Ellijay, GA 30539 (706) 635-5125 Fayetteville PO 135-A Bradford Square Fayetteville, GA 30215 (770) 460-2730 Fitzgerald PO P. O. Box 1168 Fitzgerald, GA 31750 (912) 426-5234 Fort Valley PO P. O. Box 754 Fort Valley, GA 31030 (912) 825-3136 Gainesville PO P. O. Box 2436 Gainesville, GA 30503 (770) 535-5710

Homer PO P. O. Box 426 Homer, GA 30547 (706) 677-6228 Homerville PO 110 Court Square Homerville, GA 31634 (912) 487-2777 Jackson PO 45 Keys Ferry Street McDonough, GA 30253 (770) 954-2004 Jasper PO 37 Court Street Jasper, GA 30143 (706) 692-4805 Jesup PO P. O. Box 272 Jesup, GA 31598 (912) 427-5894

Macon PO 200 Third Street Macon, GA 31201 (912) 751-6092 Marietta PO P. O. Box 910 Marietta, GA 30061 (770) 528-7950 Marietta PO (suboffice) 2275 Northwest Pkwy. Suite 170 Marietta, GA 30067 (770) 916-2115 Marietta PO (North) 130 South Park Square Marietta, GA 30061 (770) 528-2380 McDonough PO 45 Keys Ferry Street McDonough, GA 30253 (770) 954-2004

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

47

Appendix: Directory

Field Probation Offices (Continued)

McRae PO P. O. Box 151 McRae, GA 31055 (912) 868-3200 Milledgeville PO P. O. Box 1808 Milledgeville, GA 31061 (912) 445-4468 (912) 445-4803 Millen PO P. O. Box 486 Millen, GA 30442 (912) 982-2050 Monroe PO P. O. Box 129 Monroe, GA 30655 (770) 267-1347 Monticello PO 129 North Warren Street Monticello, GA 31064 (706) 468-4920 Morgan PO P. O. Box 143 Morgan, GA 31766 (912) 849-3795 Morrow PO 1331 Citizens Parkway Suite 201 Morrow, GA 30260 (770) 960-4100 Moultrie PO P. O. Box 1214 Moultrie, GA 31776 (912) 891-7270 Nashville PO 111 South Davis Street Berrien Co. Building Nashville, GA 31639 (912) 686-9329 Newnan PO 51-B Perry Street Newnan, GA 30263 (770) 254-7204 Oglethorpe PO P. O. Box 372 Oglethorpe, GA 31068 (912) 472-3591
48

Perry PO 1010 Ball Street Perry, GA 31069 (912) 988-6750 Quitman PO P. O. Box 488 Quitman, GA 31643 (912) 263-7446 Ringgold PO Catoosa Co. Courthouse Room 204 Ringgold, GA 30736 (706) 935-9091 Rome PO 400 Broad Street Suite 100 Rome, GA 30161 (706) 295-6323 Sandersville PO P. O. Drawer 1015 Sandersville, GA 31082 (912) 553-2450 Savannah PO P. O. Box 9504 Savannah, GA 31412 (912) 651-2204 Soperton PO P. O. Box 262 Soperton, GA 30457 (912) 529-6283 Springfield PO P. O. Box 802 Springfield, GA 31329 (912) 754-3257 Statesboro PO P. O. Box 238 Statesboro, GA 30459 (912) 871-1119 Swainsboro PO P. O. Drawer S Swainsboro, GA 30401 (912) 289-2602 Sylvania PO 655 Frontage Rd. East Sylvania, GA 30467 (912) 564-7382 Sylvester PO P. O. Box 876 Sylvester, GA 31791 (912) 777-2183

Thomaston PO 113-B East County Road Thomaston, GA 30286 (706) 646-6000 Thomasville PO P. O. Box 1602 Thomasville, GA 31799 (912) 225-4021 Thomson PO P. O. Box 337 Thomson, GA 30824 (706) 595-7404 Tifton PO P. O. Box 2006 Tifton, GA 31793 (912) 386-3503 Toccoa PO 115-B West Doyle Street Toccoa, GA 30577 (706) 282-4570 Valdosta PO P. O. Box 6 Valdosta, GA 31603 (912) 333-5274 Warner Robins PO 281-D Carl Vinson Pkwy. Warner Robins, GA 31088 (912) 929-6832 Washington PO P. O. Box 867 Washington, GA 30673 (706) 678-2373 Watkinsville PO P. O. Box 92 Watkinsville, GA 30677 (706) 769-3959 Waycross PO P. O. Box 819 Waycross, GA 31502 (912) 287-6536 Waynesboro PO P. O. Box 89 Waynesboro, GA 30830 (706) 554-4145 Winder PO 22 Lee Street Winder, GA 30680 (770) 307-3065

Woodbine PO P. O. Box 419 Woodbine, GA 31569 (912) 576-5998

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

Appendix: Directory

The letters accompanying the "state prison" icon denote the facility's security level:

MX Maximum-security

C

Close-security

M Medium-security

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

49

Appendix: Glossary

Glossary of Corrections Terms

Classification An inmate is classified to a particular security level and
transferred to an appropriate prison according to particular factors, including crime type and prison behavior.
Correctional Officer A POST-certified criminal justice professional who
supervises inmates in prisons and probationers sentenced to community-based facilities.
Cost Per Day It costs an average of $47 per day (or $17,000 per
year) to incarcerate and feed an inmate. Almost half that cost is attributed to security costs. Inmates on death row have higher security costs and therefore cost the state approximately $64 per day (or $23,000 per year.)

Private Prison Operated by a private prison company (ex. Cornell
Corrections, Inc. or Corrections Corporation of America), the private prison houses state inmates and employs POSTcertified correctional staff to oversee the inmates.
Probation A court-imposed sentence either suspending incarcera-
tion or following a period of incarceration. Probationers live in the community and are supervised according to the terms of the sentencing court.
Probation Officer A POST-certified law enforcement professional who
enforces the orders of the courts while supervising offenders released to the community on probation sentences.

County Correctional Institution/Work Camp Operated by the counties, these work camps feed and
house approximately 3,700 state prisoners who perform free labor for the communities. GDC pays the counties a daily rate of $20.00 per state inmate.
Diagnostic Upon entering the system, inmates are screened for
physical and mental health, skills, level of security risk, education and other background information.

Probationer A person sentenced to supervision in the community
under the direction of a probation officer, or a person sentenced to a term in a community-based probation center.
Recidivism The study of the percentage of criminals who return to
prison during a specified period of time. In Georgia, the average return-to-prison rate is 39 percent over a three-year period.

Inmate A person sentenced to incarceration. Georgia inmates
wear white pants and shirt, with "State Prisoner" in black ink on the back.
Interstate Compact An agreement between Georgia and other states to
provide supervision for probationers sentenced in one state and residing in another state.

Restitution Payment made by the offender to the crime victim.
Tentative Parole Month The date chosen by the State Board of Pardons and
Paroles to grant release to an inmate dependent on satisfactory prison behavior and other factors, such as new information or protests, which may lead the Parole Board to reconsider its decision.

Max Out Date The date at which an inmate reaches the end of his
court-imposed sentence. Also, "Maximum Release Date."
Parole The release of an offender from confinement under
continuing state custody and supervision and under conditions which, if violated, permit reimprisonment.
The State Board of Pardons and Paroles is a separate agency from the Georgia Department of Corrections.
Prison Convicted offenders are sentenced to a state or county
correctional institution.

Under Death Sentence Over 120 inmates on death row, at the Georgia
Diagnostic and Classification Prison in Jackson, Georgia, are serving a sentence punishable by death by electrocution.
One woman is under death sentence in Georgia and is incarcerated at Metro State Prison in Atlanta.
Visitation Inmate visitation policies are determined by the
warden or superintendent of a facility. Typically, approved visitors may visit an inmate on weekends and state holidays from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m.
No conjugal visits are allowed in Georgia prisons.

50

Georgia Department of Corrections FY99 Annual Report

The FY99 Annual Report is a publication of the Public Affairs Office of the Georgia Department of Corrections. Additional copies may be ordered by calling (404) 656-9772.
Georgia Department of Corrections
2 Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive -- East Tower, 7th Floor Atlanta, Georgia 30334-4900 (404) 656-4593 www.dcor.state.ga.us