Georgia behavioral risk factor surveillance system 2013 report

The 2013 Georgia Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Report
1

Acknowledgements

Georgia Department of Public Health
Health Protection
Epidemiology Program
Chronic Disease, Healthy Behaviors and Injury Epidemiology Section Healthy Behavior Team

Brenda Fitzgerald, MD Commissioner, State Health Officer
J. Patrick O'Neal, MD Director
Cherie L. Drenzek, DVM, MS State Epidemiologist
Rana Bayakly, MPH Director
Madhavi Vajani, MPH Team Lead

The Georgia Department of Public Health is grateful for the support and contribution of:
Abt SRBI Inc. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Residents of Georgia who agreed to participate in the survey

For more information on the Georgia Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, please contact:
BRFSS Coordinator Chronic Disease, Healthy Behaviors and Injury Epidemiology Section Epidemiology Program Division of Health Protection Georgia Department of Public Health 2 Peachtree Street, 14th Floor Atlanta, GA 30303-3142 404-657-2588
This report was made possible with funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Its contents do not necessarily represent the official view of the CDC.
Suggested citation Vajani M, Annor F, Benson AB, Sigalo N, Bayakly RA, 2013 Georgia Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Report. Georgia Department of Public Health Epidemiology Program. Chronic Disease, Healthy Behaviors and Injury Epidemiology Section. July 2015.

2

Georgia Public Health Districts

Dade Catoosa

Fannin

Whitfield Murray

Towns Union

Rabun

Walker Chattooga

Gordon

UGilmer
1-2 Pickens

UWhite Habersham

Lumpkin 2

Stephens

U1-1

Floyd

Bartow

Dawson Cherokee Forsyth

Hall Banks Franklin Hart

Jackson Madison Elbert

Polk Cobb
U Paulding U U 3-1

Gwinnett 3-4 Barrow

Clarke 10 Oglethorpe

Haralson
UUU Carroll

Douglas 3-2 Fulton

3-5

Walton

DeKalbRockdale

3-3 Clayton Newton

Oconee Morgan

Greene

Wilkes Taliaferro

Lincoln Columbia

Fayette Henry

McDuffie

Coweta Heard
U4
Troup Meriwether

Warren

Spalding Butts Jasper Putnam

Hancock

Richmond

Pike Lamar Monroe

Baldwin
U Jones 5-2

Glascock

U6

Jefferson Washington

Burke

Upson

Harris

Talbot

Bibb

Wilkinson

Crawford

Twiggs

Johnson

Jenkins

1-1 Northwest (Rome) 1-2 North Georgia (Dalton) 2 North (Gainesville) 3-1 Cobb-Douglas 3-2 Fulton 3-3 Clayton (Jonesboro) 3-4 East Metro (Lawrenceville) 3-5 Dekalb 4 LaGrange 5-1 South Central (Dublin) 5-2 North Central (Macon) 6 East Central (Augusta) 7 West Central (Columbus) 8-1 South (Valdosta) 8-2 Southwest (Albany) 9-1 Coastal (Savannah) 9-2 Southeast (Waycross) 10 Northeast (Athens)
Screven

Muscogee

Taylor

U7
Chattahoochee Marion

Macon

Schley

Stewart Webster Sumter

Quitman

Peach

Emanuel

Houston Bleckley

Laurens Treutlen

Candler Bulloch

Dooly

Pulaski

U5-1
Dodge

Montgomery

Wheeler

Toombs

Evans

Tattnall

Wilcox Crisp

Telfair

Effingham Bryan Chatham

Randolph Terrell Lee

Turner

Ben Hill

Jeff Davis Appling

Liberty
U Long 9-1

Clay Calhoun

Dougherty

Worth

Irwin

Tift

Coffee

Bacon
U9-2

Wayne

McIntosh

Early

U Baker 8-2

Miller

Mitchell

Colquitt

UBerrien Atkinson
Cook 8-1

Seminole Decatur

Grady Thomas Brooks

Lanier Lowndes

Clinch

Pierce Brantley

Glynn

Ware

Charlton

Camden

Echols

3

Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................................... 2 Georgia Public Health Districts.................................................................................................................................. 3 BRFSS Methodology ................................................................................................................................................. 5 Summary of Results ................................................................................................................................................... 6 Demographic Characteristics, State of Georgia ......................................................................................................... 7 Health Status Indicators
General Health ............................................................................................................................................. 8 No Health Care Coverage ............................................................................................................................ 9 Limited Health Care Access .......................................................................................................................10 No Annual Doctor's Visit ...........................................................................................................................11 Disability .....................................................................................................................................................12 Chronic Conditions Asthma ........................................................................................................................................................13 Diabetes ......................................................................................................................................................14 Heart Attack ................................................................................................................................................15 Stroke ..........................................................................................................................................................16 Angina .........................................................................................................................................................17 Obesity ........................................................................................................................................................18 Overweight..................................................................................................................................................19 Arthritis .......................................................................................................................................................20 Risk Behaviors Adequate Physical Activity.........................................................................................................................21 No Leisure-Time Physical Activity ............................................................................................................22 Seatbelt Use ................................................................................................................................................23 Smoking ......................................................................................................................................................24 Smokeless Tobacco.....................................................................................................................................25 Binge Drinking ...........................................................................................................................................26 Heavy Drinking...........................................................................................................................................27 One Drink Per Month..................................................................................................................................28 Use of Equipment ......................................................................................................................................29 Clinical Preventive Practices Adult Immunizations ..................................................................................................................................30 Breast Cancer Screening .............................................................................................................................31 Cervical Cancer Screening..........................................................................................................................32 Colorectal Cancer Screening.......................................................................................................................33 HIV Testing ................................................................................................................................................34 Bibliography ..............................................................................................................................................................35
4

BRFSS Methodology
The Georgia Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is a primary source of information on major chronic conditions, health risk behaviors, and the use of clinical preventive services among adult Georgians.
Sampling: Using list-assisted, random digit dialing, Georgia respondents were randomly selected from the non-institutionalized adult population aged 18 years and older from each household. Trained interviewers administered the questionnaire and participation was voluntary and anonymous. The sample excluded institutionalized individuals and households without telephones. Data came from both respondents who had landline telephones as well as those who mostly use cellular phones.1
Weighting: Iterative proportional fitting, or raking, methodology was used for the 2013 Georgia BRFSS. Raking is a repetitive post-stratification weighting technique used to match the marginal distributions of the survey sample to known population margins. An advantage of raked weighting technique is that it allows for adjustment of probability selection, telephone source (landline or cellular phone), race, ethnicity, education level, marital status, age by gender, gender by race/ethnicity, age by race/ethnicity, and renter/owner status. The goal is to improve sample representation by reducing respondent under-coverage and non-response biases.1
Data Analysis: SAS-callable SUDAAN was used for all data analysis to construct estimates and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results were considered not "statistically different" if the 95% CI associated with the weighted percentages overlapped. A result was considered "statistically significant" (indicating a difference) if there was no overlap in the 95% CI of the percentages being compared. Prevalence estimates exclude those who either answered "don't know/not sure" or refused.
Comparing 2013 BRFSS data to previous years: Comparison between 2013 BRFSS data and years prior to 2011 is not recommended due to the significant changes in methodology. Beginning in 2011, methodological changes have improved the accuracy, coverage, validity, and representativeness of the BRFSS.1 Data from 2011, 2012, and subsequent BRFSS can be used in trend analyses.
5

Summary of Results
Summary
Selected chronic conditions, risk behaviors, and clinical preventive services from the 2013 Georgia BRFSS are shown in the chart below in comparison with median prevalence from 2013 US national BRFSS data, which includes all 50 states, three territories, and Washington, D.C.
Selected Chronic Conditions and Risk Factors, US and GA BRFSS, 2013

Ever Told Stroke Diabetes
Heart Attack Current Smoking Obesity (BMI >= 30)

2.8 2.8
9.8 10.8
4.4 3.9
19.0 18.8
28.9 30.3

No Flu Shot in Past Year (65+ Years Old)

No Health Care Coverage (18-64 Years Old) 0

20.0 27.3

20

40

Percent (%)

62.6 54.6
60

US Georgia

80

100

Stroke In 2013, 2.8% of Georgia adults had ever been diagnosed with stroke. This estimate was similar to the US estimate.
Diabetes In 2013, 10.8% of Georgia adults had physician diagnosed diabetes. This estimate is higher than the US median prevalence of 9.8%.
Heart Attack In 2013, 3.9% of Georgia adults had ever been told they have had a heart attack. This estimate is lower than the US median of 4.4%.
Tobacco Use In 2013, 18.8% of Georgia adults currently smoked cigarettes. This estimate is slightly lower than the US median prevalence of 19.0%. (HP 2020 Objective - Reduce tobacco use by adults to 12%)
Obesity In 2013, 30.3% of Georgia adults were obese. This estimate is slightly higher than the US median prevalence of 28.9%. (HP 2020 Objective - Reduce the proportion of adults who are obese to 30.5%)
Flu Vaccine in Past Year In 2013, 54.6% of Georgia adults aged 65 years and older received a flu vaccine in the past year. This estimate is lower than the US median estimate of 62.6%. (HP 2020 Objective - Increase the percentage of noninstitutionalized adults aged 65 years and older who are vaccinated annually against seasonal influenza to 90%)
No Health Care Coverage In 2013, 27.3% of Georgia adults did not have any form of health insurance coverage, which exceeds the US median estimate of 20.0%. (HP 2020 Objective- Increase the proportion of persons with health insurance to 100%)
6

Demographic Characteristics
Demographics

In 2013, there were approximately 7,500,000 adults aged 18 years and older residing in the state of Georgia .2

Approximately 8,100 adults participated in the Georgia BRFSS survey statewide.
Georgia BRFSS respondents were 51.7% female and 48.3% male.
Georgians completing the survey were white non-Hispanic (60.3%), black non-Hispanic (30.8%) and 8.9% Hispanic. Distribution similar to Georgia population.
Approximately 25% of Georgia residents had an annual household income of $75,000 or more.
About 83% of the population had at least a high school diploma and 24.5% had at least a college degree.

Percent (%)

Distribution of Georgia Residents, by Sex, Georgia, 2013

100

80

60

48.3

51.7

40

20

0 Male

Female

Demographic Characteristics Sex Male Female Race/Ethnicity White Non-Hispanic Black Non-Hispanic Hispanic Age 18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr 65+ yr Income Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000 or More Education Less than High School High School Graduate Some College College Graduate

State Total

(N=8,100)

%

95% CI

48.3

(46.8, 49.8)

51.7

(50.2, 53.2)

60.3

(58.7, 61.8)

30.8

(29.3, 32.4)

8.9

(8.0,10.0)

13.8

(12.6,15.2)

18

(16.8, 19.4)

17.9

(16.7,19.2)

18.7

(17.6,19.9)

15.4

(14.5,16.3)

16.1

(15.3,16.9)

12.8

(11.8,13.9)

19.8

(18.5,21.1)

13.3

(12.1,14.5)

14.7

(13.6,16.0)

14.3

(13.3,15.5)

25.1

(23.8,26.5)

16.8

(15.5,18.2)

29.5

(28.1,30.9)

29.2

(27.8,30.6)

24.5

(23.4,25.6)

Percent (%)

Distribution of Georgia Residents, by Level of Education, Georgia, 2013

100

80

60

40

29.5

29.2

24.5

16.8

20

0 Less than High School

High School Graduate

Some College College Graduate

Distribution of Georgia Residents, by Age Group, Georgia, 2013

100

80

60

40

20

13.8

18

17.9

18.7

15.4

16.1

0 18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr

65+ yr

Percent (%)

Percent (%)

Distribution of Georgia Residents, by Annual Household Income, Georiga, 2013

100

80

60

40

25.1

19.8

20

12.8

13.3

14.7

14.3

0

Less Than $15,000 - $25,000 - $35,000 - $50,000 - $75,000 or

$15,000 $24,999 $34,999 $49,999 $74,999

More

Distribution of Georgia Residents, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013

100

80
60.3 60

40

30.8

20
0 White Non-Hispanic

Black Non-Hispanic

8.9 Hispanic

7

Percent (%)

Health Status Indicators
General Health

Self-assessed health status is a measure of how individuals perceive their health rating (excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor). It is a useful indicator of health for a variety of populations and allows for general comparisons.

In 2013, 19.0% of Georgia adults reported that they perceive their health rating as fair or poor.
Adults aged 65 years and older (28.7%) were most likely to report fair or poor general health when compared to other age groups.
Adults with an annual household income less than $15,000 (40.5%) were significantly more likely to report fair or poor general health when compared to adults with an annual household income greater than or equal to $15,000.
Adults without health insurance (25.7%) were significantly more likely to report fair or poor general health when compared to adults with health insurance (14.1%)

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who reported Fair/Poor General Health,

by Annual Household Income Level, Georgia, 2013

50

40.5

40

30.4

30

20.2

20

13

9.5

10

6.1

0

Less Than $15,000 - $25,000 - $35,000 - $50,000 - $75,000 or

$15,000 $24,999 $34,999 $49,999 $74,999

More

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who reported Fair/Poor General Health, by Age Group, Georiga, 2013

50

40

28.7

30

24.6

21.6

20 9.9

17.3 11.8

10

0 18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr

65+ yr

The HP 2020 target for self-reporting of fair or poor

physical health is 20.2%.

General Health

Fair/Poor a

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

19.0

(17.9, 20.2)

Sex

Male

17.5

(15.7, 19.3)

Female

20.5

(19.0, 22.1)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

16.4

(15.2, 17.7)

Black Non-Hispanic

21.4

(19.0, 23.9)

Hispanic

30.4

(25.1, 36.3)

Age

18-24 yr

9.9

(6.9, 14.0)

25-34 yr

11.8

(9.5, 14.7)

35-44 yr

17.3

(14.4, 20.6)

45-54 yr

21.6

(18.9, 24.6)

55-64 yr

24.6

(22.0, 27.4)

65+ yr

28.7

(26.3, 31.1)

Income

Less than $15,000

40.5

(36.2, 45.0)

$15,000-$24,999

30.4

(27.0, 34.1)

$25,000-$34,999

20.2

(16.8, 24.0)

$35,000-$49,999

13.0

(10.2, 16.4)

$50,000-$74,999

9.5

(7.4, 12.1)

$75,000 or More

6.1

(4.7, 7.8)

Education

Less than High School

37.8

(33.7, 42.2)

High School Graduate

21.5

(19.4, 23.7)

Some College

16.4

(14.4, 18.7)

College Graduate

6.3

(5.4, 7.4)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

14.1

(12.8, 15.6)

No Health Insurance

25.7

(22.7, 28.8)

a The proportion of adults who reported that their health, in general, was fair or poor.

Percent of Adults who reported Fair/Poor General Health, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

<16% 16 to 20% 20 to 24% >=24%

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who reported Fair/Poor General Health, by Health Insurance Status, Georgia, 2013

50

40

30

25.7

20

14.1

10

0 Has Health Coverage

No Health Coverage

8

Health Status Indicators

No Health Care Coverage

Individuals without health care coverage have decreased access to health care services and usually delay getting needed medical attention.3 Insurance coverage is an important factor in determining whether people will have access to services like screenings, treatment, and health education.4 Access to health care can be limited both by lack of health insurance and by insufficient coverage.

In 2013, 72.3% of Georgia adults aged 18-64 years reported that they have health care coverage.
Hispanics (60.2%) were significantly more likely not to have health coverage than white non-Hispanics (18.7%) and black non-Hispanics (31.9%).
Adults aged 55-64 years (15.3%) were significantly less likely not to have health coverage when compared to other age groups.
More than half of adults aged 18-64 years with an annual household income less than $15,000 (53.5%) did not have any form of health care coverage.
Adults with less than a high school education (52.5%) were significantly more likely not to have health coverage when compared to high school graduates (33.2%), those with some college (23.2%), and college graduates (9.4%).

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults aged 18-64 years with No Health Care Coverage, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013

100

80 60.2
60

40

31.9

18.7 20

0 White Non-Hispanic

Black Non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults aged 18-64 years with No Health Care Coverage, by Annual Household Income, Georiga, 2013

100

80

60

53.5

49.5

40

35.0

18.8

20

9.0

5.3

0

Less Than $15,000 - $25,000 - $35,000 - $50,000 - $75,000 or

$15,000 $24,999 $34,999 $49,999 $74,999

More

The HP 2020 target for health care coverage among adults is 100%.

No Health Care Coverage a

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

27.3

(25.7, 29.0)

Sex

Male

29.1

(26.5, 31.7)

Female

25.7

(23.7, 27.7)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

18.7

(17.0, 20.5)

Black Non-Hispanic

31.9

(28.6, 35.3)

Hispanic

60.2

(54.0, 66.0)

Age

18-24 yr

30.5

(25.8, 35.6)

25-34 yr

37.4

(33.3, 41.6)

35-44 yr

28.2

(24.9, 31.8)

45-54 yr

24.4

(21.4, 27.6)

55-64 yr

15.3

(13.2, 17.7)

Income

Less than $15,000

53.5

(48.4, 58.6)

$15,000-$24,999

49.5

(45.1, 53.8)

$25,000-$34,999

35.0

(29.5, 41.0)

$35,000-$49,999

18.8

(15.1, 23.3)

$50,000-$74,999

9.0

(6.4, 12.5)

$75,000 or More

5.3

(3.6, 7.7)

Education

Less than High School

52.5

(47.0, 58.0)

High School Graduate

33.2

(30.1, 36.5)

Some College

23.2

(20.6, 26.0)

College Graduate

9.4

(7.9, 11.2)

a The proportion 18-64 years old who have no health care coverage.

Percent of Adults aged 18-64 years with Health Care Coverage, by Health District, Georgia, 2013
<60% 60 to 70% 70 to 80% >=80%

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults aged 18-64 years with No Health Care Coverage, by Educaiton Level, Georiga, 2013

100

80

60

52.5

40

33.2

23.2

20

9.4

0

Less than High High School

Some College College Graduate

School

Graduate

9

Health Status Indicators
Limited Health Care Access

Limited health care coverage is indicated as: (1) not having a personal doctor or health care provider; and, (2) having a time in the past year when one needed to see a doctor but could not due to cost. These indicators are very important to health care due to the fact that increases in access to primary care have been shown to significantly improve health-related outcomes.

In 2013, 28.2% of Georgia adults did not have a personal doctor or a heath care provider.
Males (33.8%) were significantly more likely not to have a personal doctor when compared to females (22.9%).
Hispanics (55.3%) were significantly more likely not to have a personal doctor when compared to black nonHispanics (30.5%) and white non-Hispanics (21.8%).
Adults without health insurance (61.3%) were significantly more likely not to have a personal doctor when compared to adults with health insurance (18%).
In 2013, 19.8% of Georgia adults could not visit a doctor due to costs within the past 12 months.
Hispanics (31.8%) and black non-Hispanics (24.5%) had higher rates of forgoing medical care due to cost when compared to white non-Hispanics (16.2%).
Adults with less than a high school education (32.9%) were significantly more likely to forgo medical care due to cost when compared with adults with higher education levels.
Adults without health insurance (47.2%) were significantly more likely to forgo medical care due to cost when compared to adults with health insurance (13.3%).

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who have Limited Health Care Access, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013

100

No Personal Doctor

No Doctor's Visits

80

60

55.3

40

30.5

31.8

21.8

24.5

16.2

20

0 White Non-Hispanic

Black Non-Hispanic

Hispanic

The HP 2020 target for those without usual primary care provider among adults is 16.1%.

No Personal Health Care Provider a

No Health Care Due to Cost b

Demographic

Characteristics

% 95% CI

% 95% CI

State Totals

28.2 (26.8, 29.7)

19.8 (18.6, 21.0)

Sex

Male

33.8 (31.5, 36.3)

16.1 (14.3, 18.0)

Female

22.9 (21.2, 24.7)

23.2 (21.6, 24.9)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic 21.8 (20.2, 23.5)

16.2 (14.8, 17.7)

Black Non-Hispanic 30.5 (27.5, 33.6)

24.5 (22.0, 27.3)

Hispanic

55.3 (49.2, 61.1)

31.8 (26.5, 37.5)

Age

18-24 yr

49.0 (43.7, 54.2)

17.1 (13.9, 20.8)

25-34 yr

48.5 (44.3, 52.7)

25.4 (22.0, 29.1)

35-44 yr

30.6 (27.2, 34.3)

24.4 (21.2, 27.8)

45-54 yr

22.5 (19.7, 25.6)

24.9 (22.1, 27.9)

55-64 yr

13.2 (11.2, 15.5)

19.0 (16.6, 21.6)

65+ yr

6.6

(5.3, 8.3)

5.5

(4.3, 7.0)

Income

Less than $15,000

41.9 (37.5, 46.4)

42.8 (38.5, 47.3)

$15,000-$24,999

39.1 (35.3, 43.0)

33.3 (29.8, 37.0)

$25,000-$34,999

31.8 (27.2, 36.7)

21.2 (17.7, 25.2)

$35,000-$49,999

25.7 (21.9, 29.9)

15.8 (12.8, 19.3)

$50,000-$74,999

15.9 (13.2, 19.1)

11.1 (8.5, 14.3)

$75,000 or More

15.7 (13.2, 18.7)

6.3

(4.6, 8.5)

Education

Less than High School 44.9 (40.3, 49.6)

32.9 (28.8, 37.4)

High School Graduate 28.9 (26.2, 31.7)

19.7 (17.6, 22.1)

Some College

25.4 (22.9, 28.1)

19.9 (17.8, 22.1)

College Graduate

18.8 (16.9, 20.8)

10.2 (8.8, 11.8)

Health Insurance

Coverage

Has Health Insurance 18.0 (16.6, 19.5)

13.3 (12.0, 14.7)

No Health Insurance 61.3 (57.8, 64.6)

47.2 (43.6, 50.8)

a The proportion of adults who reported that they did not have anyone that they thought of as

their personal doctor or health care provider b The proportion of adults who reported that they could not see a doctor when needed due to

cost within the past 12 months.

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who have Limited Health Care Access, by Age Group, Georiga, 2013

100

No Doctor's Visit

No Personal Doctor

80

60

49.0

40 32.3

20

48.5 42.2

30.830.6

29.4 22.5

18.2 13.2

0 18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr

8.6 6.6 65+ yr

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who have Limited Health Care Access, by Health Insurance Status, Georgia, 2013

100

No Doctor's Visits

No Personal Doctor 80

61.3

60

54.3

40

22.2

18

20

0 Has Health Coverage

No Health Coverage

10

Health Status Indicators

No Annual Doctor's Visit

Annual doctor's visit serves as a preventive measure that can reduce risk factors for common chronic diseases. By having a visit every year, certain problems can be detected earlier when treatment might be more effective.

In 2013, 27.1% of Georgia adults reported that they have not visited a doctor for a routine checkup within the past 12 months.
Males (31.0%) were significantly more likely than females (23.6%) not to visit a doctor in the past year.
Hispanics (43.2%) were significantly more likely not to visit a doctor in the past year when compared to white nonHispanics (27.1%) and black non-Hispanics (21.9%).
Adults aged 65 years and older (8.6%) were significantly least likely to have not visited a doctor in the past year.
Adults with an income of $15,000 - $24,999 (36.4%) were the most likely to have not visited a doctor in the past year.
More than half of adults who do not have health coverage (54.3%) did not visit a doctor in the past year.

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who had No Doctor's Visit Last Year, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013

100

80

60

40

27.1

20

0 White Non-Hispanic

21.9 Black Non-Hispanic

45.2 Hispanic

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who had No Doctor's Visit Last Year, by Age Group, Georiga, 2013

100

80

60 42.2

40

32.3

30.8

29.4

18.2 20

0 18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr

8.6 65+ yr

No Doctor's Visit a

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

27.1

(25.7, 28.6)

Sex

Male

31.0

(28.8, 33.4)

Female

23.6

(21.9, 25.3)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

27.1

(25.4, 28.9)

Black Non-Hispanic

21.9

(19.4, 24.6)

Hispanic

43.2

(37.1, 49.5)

Age

18-24 yr

32.3

(27.7, 37.3)

25-34 yr

42.2

(38.0, 46.4)

35-44 yr

30.8

(27.4, 34.5)

45-54 yr

29.4

(26.3, 32.7)

55-64 yr

18.2

(16.0, 20.7)

65+ yr

8.6

(7.2, 10.2)

Income

Less than $15,000

34.7

(30.5, 39.2)

$15,000-$24,999

36.4

(32.7, 40.3)

$25,000-$34,999

29.9

(25.3, 34.9)

$35,000-$49,999

22.5

(19.0, 26.3)

$50,000-$74,999

22.4

(19.1, 26.0)

$75,000 or More

22.8

(20.0, 25.9)

Education

Less than High School

34.0

(29.6, 38.8)

High School Graduate

27.6

(25.0, 30.3)

Some College

26.2

(23.7, 28.9)

College Graduate

23.2

(21.2, 25.4)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

22.2

(20.6, 24.0)

No Health Insurance

54.3

(50.5, 58.0)

a The proportion of adults who reported that they did not have a

personal doctor.

Percent of Adults who reported having No Annual Doctor's Visit, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who had No Doctor's Visit Last Year,
by Health Coverage Status, Georgia, 2013
100

80

60

54.3

40 22.2
20

0 Has Health Coverage

No Health Coverage

11

Health Status Indicators
Disability

Disability refers to limitations in activities due to physical, mental, or emotional problems or having health problems that require the use of special equipment. People with disabilities may lack access to health services and medical care.5

In 2013, 18.7% of Georgia adults reported being disabled in any way.
Hispanics (5.0%) were significantly less likely to be disabled when compared to white non-Hispanics (21.4%) and bla1ck11n1o1n-Hispanics (17.6%).
Adults aged 55-64 (29.8%) were the most likely to be disabled when compared to adults in other age groups.
Adults with an annual household income less than $15,000 (36.2%) were the most likely to be disabled when compared to adults in other income levels.
Adults with less than a high school education (24.8%) had a significantly higher prevalence of disability when compared to adults with some college (18.3%) and college graduates (13.3%).

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who reported being Disabled, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013

100

80

60

40 21.4
20
0 White Non-Hispanic

17.6 Black Non-Hispanic

5.0 Hispanic

Disability a

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

18.7

(17.6, 19.8)

Sex

Male

17.7

(16.1, 19.5)

Female

19.6

(18.2, 21.1)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

21.4

(20.0, 23.0)

Black Non-Hispanic

17.6

(15.5, 19.8)

Hispanic

5.0

(3.3, 7.4)

Age

18-24 yr

9.1

(6.5, 12.6)

25-34 yr

9.3

(7.2, 12.0)

35-44 yr

14.5

(12.0, 17.4)

45-54 yr

22.0

(19.4, 24.8)

55-64 yr

29.8

(27.1, 32.7)

65+ yr

27.7

(25.3, 30.2)

Income

Less than $15,000

36.2

(32.2, 40.3)

$15,000-$24,999

24.1

(21.1, 27.5)

$25,000-$34,999

19.7

(16.4, 23.5)

$35,000-$49,999

13.0

(10.6, 15.8)

$50,000-$74,999

13.0

(10.6, 15.8)

$75,000 or More

10.5

(8.8, 12.5)

Education

Less than High School

24.8

(21.2, 28.6)

High School Graduate

20.1

(18.1, 22.2)

Some College

18.3

(16.4, 20.5)

College Graduate

13.3

(11.8, 14.8)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

16.8

(15.4, 18.2)

No Health Insurance

17.9

(15.5, 20.6)

a The proportion of adults who reported being limited in any activities

due to physical, mental, or emotional problems.

Percent of Adults who reported being Disabled,

100

byAnnual Household Income, Georgia, 2013

80

60

40

36.2

24.1

19.7

20

13

13

10.5

0

Less Than $15,000 - $25,000 - $35,000 - $50,000 - $75,000 or

$15,000

$24,999

$34,999

$49,999

$74,999

More

Percent of Adults who reported being Disabled, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who reported being Disabled,

100

by Education Level, Georgia, 2013

80

60

40

24.8

20.1

18.3

20

13.3

0 Less than High School

High School Graduate

Some College College Graduate

12

Chronic Conditions
Asthma
Asthma is a lifelong disease that causes wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing.6 Most people with asthma can control their symptoms and prevent asthma attacks by avoiding asthma triggers and correctly using prescribed medicines.

In 2013, 14.0% of Georgia adults reported ever having asthma and 8.4% currently have asthma.
Adult females were significantly more likely than males to have ever had asthma (16.6% vs. 11.3%) and to currently have asthma (11.3% vs. 5.2%).
White non-Hispanics (7.9%) and black non-Hispanics (10.5%) were more likely to currently have asthma when compared to Hispanics (5.9%).
Adults with a household income of less than $15,000 were significantly the most likely to ever had asthma (24.7%) and to currently have asthma (18.0%).

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who have had Asthma, by Gender, Georgia, 2013
50
Lifetime Asthma 40
Current Asthma
30

20 11.3

10

5.2

16.6 11.3

0 Male

Female

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who have had Asthma, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013

50

40

30

20

15.9

10

7.9

16.5 10.5

Lifetime Asthma Current Asthma
10.2 5.9

0 White Non-Hispanic

Black Non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Lifetime Asthma a

Current Asthma b

Demographic

Characteristics

% 95% CI

% 95% CI

State Totals

14.0 (13.0, 15.1)

8.4 (7.6, 9.2)

Sex

Male

11.3 (9.8, 13.0)

5.2 (4.3, 6.4)

Female

16.6 (15.2, 18.0)

11.3 (10.1, 12.5)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic 13.9 (12.6, 15.2)

7.9 (6.9, 8.9)

Black Non-Hispanic 16.5 (14.4, 18.9)

10.5 (8.8, 12.4)

Hispanic

10.2 (7.3, 14.2)

5.9 (3.8, 8.9)

Age

18-24 yr

21.5 (17.5, 26.2)

13.0 (10.0, 16.8)

25-34 yr

14.5 (11.8, 17.7)

6.7 (5.1, 8.8)

35-44 yr

13.0 (10.8, 15.5)

7.9 (6.2, 10.0)

45-54 yr

12.1 (10.3, 14.2)

7.3 (5.9, 9.0)

55-64 yr

14.1 (12.1, 16.4)

9.0 (7.4, 10.9)

65+ yr

10.7 (9.2, 12.5)

7.7 (6.4, 9.2)

Income

Less than $15,000

24.7 (21.1, 28.8)

18.0 (14.8, 21.6)

$15,000-$24,999

15.2 (12.8, 18.0)

8.9 (7.1, 11.1)

$25,000-$34,999

12.7 (9.9, 16.2)

8.8 (6.3, 12.0)

$35,000-$49,999

10.8 (8.4, 13.7)

6.0 (4.4, 8.1)

$50,000-$74,999

9.3 (7.3, 11.7)

5.7 (4.1, 7.8)

$75,000 or More

11.8 (9.9, 13.9)

5.4 (4.3, 6.8)

Education

Less than High School 17.9 (14.5, 21.9)

11.0 (8.7, 13.9)

High School Graduate 13.2 (11.5, 15.2)

8.2 (6.9, 9.8)

Some College

14.1 (12.3, 16.1)

8.3 (6.9, 9.8)

College Graduate

12.4 (10.9, 14.1)

7.0 (5.8, 8.3)

Health Insurance

Coverage

Has Health Insurance 14.4 (13.1, 15.8)

8.3 (7.3, 9.4)

No Health Insurance 15.6 (13.1, 18.6)

9.3 (7.4, 11.6)

a The proportion of adults who reported that they were ever told by a

doctor, nurse, or other health care professional that they had asthma.

b The proportion of adults who reported that they still had asthma.

Percent of Adults who currently have Asthma, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who have had Asthma, by Annual Household Income, Georgia, 2013

50

40 30 24.7

Lifetime Asthma Current Asthma

20

18

15.2 8.9

12.7 8.8

10.8

9.3

11.8

10

6

5.7

5.4

0

Less Than $15,000 - $25,000 - $35,000 - $50,000 - $75,000 or

$15,000 $24,999 $34,999 $49,999 $74,999

More

13

Chronic Conditions
Diabetes
Diabetes is a chronic disease where the body is unable to process glucose, causing blood glucose levels to be higher than normal. Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States and the sixth in Georgia, increasing the risk for heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, blindness, kidney disease, amputations, nerve problems, dental disease, and infections.7

In 2013, 10.8% of Georgia adults reported ever being diagnosed with diabetes by a health care professional.
Black non-Hispanics (13.7%) were significantly more likely to have ever been diagnosed with diabetes than Hispanics (7.2%).
The prevalence of diabetes was highest among adults aged 65 years and older (23.0%).
Adults with a household income of less than $15,000 (15.7%) were the most likely to ever have diabetes compared with adults from other income levels.
Adults with less than a high school education (14.3%) were significantly more likely to ever have diabetes when compared to college graduates (7.6%).

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults Diagnosed with Diabetes, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013

30
25
20
15 9.9
10
5
0 White Non-Hispanic

13.7 Black Non-Hispanic

7.2 Hispanic

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults Diagnosed with Diabetes, by Age Group, Georiga, 2013

30

25 20.1
20

15

12.2

10 5.5

5

2.4

2.1

0 18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr

23.0 65+ yr

Diabetes a

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

10.8

(10.0, 11.7)

Sex

Male

9.8

(8.6, 11.2)

Female

11.7

(10.7, 12.8)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

9.9

(9.0, 10.9)

Black Non-Hispanic

13.7

(11.9, 15.7)

Hispanic

7.2

(4.9, 10.6)

Age

18-24 yr

2.4

(1.1, 5.3)

25-34 yr

2.1

(1.3, 3.5)

35-44 yr

5.5

(4.1, 7.2)

45-54 yr

12.2

(10.2, 14.6)

55-64 yr

20.1

(17.6, 22.8)

65+ yr

23.0

(20.8, 25.3)

Income

Less than $15,000

15.7

(13.1, 18.7)

$15,000-$24,999

11.8

(9.9, 14.0)

$25,000-$34,999

13.0

(10.2, 16.4)

$35,000-$49,999

8.9

(6.8, 11.4)

$50,000-$74,999

9.1

(7.2, 11.5)

$75,000 or More

8.0

(6.4, 10.0)

Education

Less than High School

14.3

(11.9, 17.0)

High School Graduate

11.8

(10.3, 13.5)

Some College

10.5

(8.9, 12.2)

College Graduate

7.6

(6.6, 8.8)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

9.0

(8.0, 10.1)

No Health Insurance

7.0

(5.6, 8.8)

a The proportion of adults who have physician-diagnosed diabetes.

Adults with prediabetes or diabetes only during pregnancy are not

considered to have diagnosis of diabetes.

Percent of Adults Diagnosed with Diabetes, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults Diagnosed with Diabetes, by Education Level, Georgia, 2013

30 25

20

14.3

15

11.8

10.5

10

7.6

5

0 Less than High School

High School Graduate

Some College College Graduate

14

Chronic Conditions
Heart Attack
Heart attack, also called myocardial infarction, occurs when blood flow to a section of the heart muscle becomes blocked. Risk factors for heart attack include high blood cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, smoking, lack of physical activity and obesity.8

In 2013, 3.9% of Georgia adults had ever been told that they have had a heart attack.
Adult males (4.6%) were more likely to have had a heart attack when compared to females (3.3%).
Adults aged 65 years or older (12.0%) were significantly more likely to have had a heart attack when compared to other age groups.
Adults with a household income of less than $15,000 (7.5%) were significantly the most likely to have had a heart attack.

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who have had a Heart Attack, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013
15

10

4.4

5

3.6

0 White Non-Hispanic

Black Non-Hispanic

1.9 Hispanic

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who have had a Heart Attack, by Age Group, Georiga, 2013
15 12.0

10 7.2

5
0.1 0
18-24 yr

0.2 25-34 yr

1.3 35-44 yr

3.0 45-54 yr

55-64 yr

65+ yr

Heart Attack a

Demographic Characteristics

% 95% CI

State Totals

3.9

(3.5, 4.4)

Sex

Male

4.6

(3.9, 5.5)

Female

3.3

(2.7, 3.9)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

4.4

(3.8, 5.1)

Black Non-Hispanic

3.6

(2.8, 4.7)

Hispanic

1.9

(1.0, 3.6)

Age

18-24 yr

0.1

(0.0, 1.0)

25-34 yr

0.2

(0.1, 0.8)

35-44 yr

1.3

(0.8, 2.3)

45-54 yr

3.0

(2.1, 4.1)

55-64 yr

7.2

(5.7, 9.1)

65+ yr

12.0 (10.2, 14.0)

Income

Less than $15,000

7.5

(5.8, 9.6)

$15,000-$24,999

4.3

(3.3, 5.5)

$25,000-$34,999

3.8

(2.5, 5.7)

$35,000-$49,999

3.5

(2.5, 4.8)

$50,000-$74,999

3.6

(2.2, 5.7)

$75,000 or More

1.7

(1.2, 2.5)

Education

Less than High School

5.2

(3.9, 6.9)

High School Graduate

5.0

(4.1, 6.2)

Some College

3.6

(2.8, 4.5)

College Graduate

2.1

(1.6, 2.8)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

2.5

(2.1, 3.1)

No Health Insurance

1.9

(1.3, 2.7)

a The proportion of adults who had ever been told by a health

professional that they had a heart attack of myocardial infarction.

Percent of Adults who have had a Heart Attack, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who have had a Heart Attack, by Annual Household Income, Georgia, 2013
15

10 7.5

5

4.3

3.8

3.5

3.6

1.7

0 Less Than $15,000 - $25,000 - $35,000 - $50,000 - $75,000 or $15,000 $24,999 $34,999 $49,999 $74,999 More

15

Chronic Conditions

Stroke

Stroke is the result of a blocked artery or a ruptured artery that prevents blood flow to the brain. Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States and the fifth in Georgia, and can cause significant disability, such as paralysis, speech difficulties, and emotional problems.9

In 2013, 2.8% of Georgia adults reported ever being told by a health professional that they had a stroke.
Hispanics (0.7%) were significantly least likely to have ever had a stroke when compared to black non-Hispanics (3.1%) and white non-Hispanics (3.2%).
Adults of age 65 years or older (8.1%) were significantly most likely to have ever had a stroke.
Adults with household income less than $15,000 (7.0%) were most likely to have ever had a stroke.
Adults with less than a high school education (4.9%) were most likely to have ever had a stroke when compared to high school graduates (3.4%), those with some college (2.6%), and college graduates (1.1%).

Percent of Adults who have ever had Stroke, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013
15

Percent (%)

10

5

3.2

3.1

0 White Non-Hispanic

Black Non-Hispanic

0.7 Hispanic

Percent of Adults who ever had Stroke, by Age Group, Georiga, 2013
15

Stroke a

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

2.8

(2.5, 3.3)

Sex

Male

2.3

(1.8, 2.8)

Female

3.4

(2.8, 4.0)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

3.2

(2.7, 3.8)

Black Non-Hispanic

3.1

(2.4, 4.0)

Hispanic

0.7

(0.2, 2.1)

Age

18-24 yr

0.1

(0.0, 0.6)

25-34 yr

0.7

(0.3, 1.5)

35-44 yr

1.5

(0.8, 2.9)

45-54 yr

2.8

(2.0, 4.0)

55-64 yr

3.9

(3.0, 5.1)

65+ yr

8.1

(6.8, 9.6)

Income

Less than $15,000

7.0

(5.2, 9.4)

$15,000-$24,999

4.1

(3.1, 5.5)

$25,000-$34,999

2.4

(1.6, 3.6)

$35,000-$49,999

1.6

(1.1, 2.5)

$50,000-$74,999

1.9

(1.1, 3.1)

$75,000 or More

1.1

(0.7, 1.7)

Education

Less than High School

4.9

(3.6, 6.6)

High School Graduate

3.4

(2.7, 4.3)

Some College

2.6

(2.0, 3.3)

College Graduate

1.1

(0.8, 1.5)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

1.8

(1.4, 2.2)

No Health Insurance

1.9

(1.2, 3.1)

aThe proportion of adults who have ever been told by a health

professional that they had a stroke.

Percent of Adults who have ever had a Stroke, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

10

8.1

Percent (%)

5

3.9

2.8

1.5

0.1

0.7

0

18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr

65+ yr

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who have ever had Stroke, by Level of Education, Georgia, 2013
15

10

4.9

5

3.4

0 Less than High School

High School Graduate

2.6 1.1
Some College College Graduate

16

Chronic Conditions
Angina
Angina is chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle is not getting enough blood. Angina may feel like pressure or a squeezing pain in the chest. The pain may also occur in the shoulders, arms, neck, jaw, or back, and it may feel like indigestion.10

In 2013, 3.7% of Georgia adults reported ever being told by a health professional that they have angina or coronary heart disease.
Adult males (4.4%) were more likely to have had angina when compared to adult females (3.1%).
Hispanics (1.5%) were least likely to have had angina when compared to black non-Hispanics (3.1%) and white non-Hispanics (4.4%).
Adults aged 65 years and older were most likely to have had angina (10.3%) when compared to other age groups.

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who have ever had Angina, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013
15

10

5

4.4

3.1

0 White Non-Hispanic

Black Non-Hispanic

1.5 Hispanic

Percent of Adults who ever had Angina, by Age Group, Georiga, 2013
15

10 7.0

5

4.0

1.1

0.2

0.1

0

18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr

10.3 65+ yr

Percent (%)

Angina a

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

3.7

(3.3, 4.2)

Sex

Male

4.4

(3.7, 5.3)

Female

3.1

(2.6, 3.7)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

4.4

(3.8, 5.1)

Black Non-Hispanic

3.1

(2.4, 4.1)

Hispanic

1.5

(0.6, 3.8)

Age

18-24 yr

0.2

(0.0, 1.2)

25-34 yr

0.1

(0.0, 0.8)

35-44 yr

1.1

(0.6, 2.3)

45-54 yr

4.0

(2.9, 5.4)

55-64 yr

7.0

(5.6, 8.8)

65+ yr

10.3

(8.8, 12.1)

Income

Less than $15,000

6.4

(4.8, 8.4)

$15,000-$24,999

3.8

(2.8, 5.0)

$25,000-$34,999

4.3

(2.8, 6.5)

$35,000-$49,999

3.7

(2.7, 5.1)

$50,000-$74,999

2.5

(1.5, 4.3)

$75,000 or More

2.6

(1.9, 3.4)

Education

Less than High School

4.4

(3.2, 6.0)

High School Graduate

4.2

(3.3, 5.2)

Some College

3.6

(2.9, 4.6)

College Graduate

2.9

(2.3, 3.7)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

2.9

(2.4, 3.6)

No Health Insurance

1.3

(0.8, 2.0)

a The proportion of adults who had ever been told by a health

professional that they had angina or coronary heart disease.

Percent of Adults who have ever had Angina, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who have ever had Angina, by Health Insurance Status, Georgia, 2013
15

10

5

2.9

0 Has Health Coverage

1.3 No Health Coverage

17

Chronic Conditions
Obesity

Obesity is defined as having a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30.0 kg/m2. Obesity increases the risk of developing high blood pressure, diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, high cholesterol, gallbladder disease and some types of cancers.11

In 2013, 30.2% of Georgia adults were obese.
Adult females (31.4%) were more likely to be obese than males (29.0%).
Black non-Hispanics (38.0%) were significantly more likely to be obese when compared to white non-Hispanics (27.2%).
Adults with an age of 18-24 years (21.1%) were least likely to be obese when compared to adults of age 25 or older.
Adults who are college graduates (24.3%) were significantly least likely to be obese when compared to any other education category.

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who were Obese, by Gender, Georgia, 2013

100

80

60

40

29

31.4

20

0 Male

Female

Percent of Adults who were Obese, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013

100

80

60

38.0

40

27.2

29.2

20

0 White Non-Hispanic

Black Non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Percent (%)

The HP 2020 target for obesity among adults is 30.5%.

Obese a

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

30.2

(28.8, 31.7)

Sex

Male

29.0

(26.9, 31.2)

Female

31.4

(29.7, 33.3)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

27.2

(25.6, 28.9)

Black Non-Hispanic

38.0

(35.0, 41.1)

Hispanic

29.2

(23.7, 35.4)

Age

18-24 yr

21.1

(17.0, 25.9)

25-34 yr

27.3

(23.8, 31.3)

35-44 yr

34.2

(30.6, 38.0)

45-54 yr

34.6

(31.4, 38.0)

55-64 yr

36.1

(33.1, 39.1)

65+ yr

26.5

(24.1, 29.0)

Income

Less than $15,000

35.8

(31.6, 40.2)

$15,000-$24,999

33.2

(29.8, 36.8)

$25,000-$34,999

32.1

(27.8, 36.7)

$35,000-$49,999

31.6

(27.6, 35.8)

$50,000-$74,999

32.8

(28.9, 36.9)

$75,000 or More

24.7

(22.1, 27.6)

Education

Less than High School

34.9

(30.5, 39.5)

High School Graduate

32.1

(29.5, 34.8)

Some College

30.9

(28.3, 33.6)

College Graduate

24.3

(22.3, 26.4)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

30.5

(28.7, 32.4)

No Health Insurance

32.3

(28.9, 35.9)

a The proportion of adults whose BMI was greater than or equal to

30.0 kg/m2.

Note: Body mass index, BMI, is defined as weight (kg) divided by

height (m) squared.

Percent of Adults who were Obese, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who were Obese, by Education Level, Georgia, 2013

100

80

60

40

34.9

32.1

30.9

24.3

20

0 Less than High School

High School Graduate

Some College College Graduate

18

Chronic Conditions
Overweight

Overweight is defined as having a body mass index (BMI) between 25.0 and 29.9 kg/m2. Being overweight increases poor health outcomes such as coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, liver and gallbladder disease, and cancer.12

In 2013, 35.3% of Georgia adults were overweight.
Adult males (40.9%) were significantly more likely to be overweight than females (29.7%).
Hispanics (32.7%) were least likely to be overweight when compared to white non-Hispanics (36.0%) and black nonHispanics (35.7%).
Adults of 18-24 years (21.8%) were significantly least likely to be overweight when compared to adults of age 25 or older.
Adults with an annual income of $50,000-$74,999 (39.3%) were most likely to be overweight when compared to adults from any other annual household income category.

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who were Overweight, by Gender, Georgia, 2013

100

80

60

40.9

40

29.7

20

0 Male

Female

Percent of Adults who were Overweight, by Annual Household Income, Georgia, 2013
100

The HP 2020 target for adults who are at a healthy

weight is 33.9%.

Overweight a

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

35.3

(33.8, 36.8)

Sex

Male

40.9

(38.6, 43.4)

Female

29.7

(28.0, 31.5)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

36.0

(34.2, 37.8)

Black Non-Hispanic

35.7

(32.7, 38.9)

Hispanic

32.7

(26.9, 39.2)

Age

18-24 yr

21.8

(17.7, 26.6)

25-34 yr

35.2

(31.0, 39.5)

35-44 yr

36.3

(32.6, 40.2)

45-54 yr

38.7

(35.4, 42.0)

55-64 yr

36.8

(33.9, 39.8)

65+ yr

40.2

(37.5, 42.9)

Income

Less than $15,000

33.2

(29.0, 37.6)

$15,000-$24,999

33.4

(29.7, 37.3)

$25,000-$34,999

31.6

(27.4, 36.2)

$35,000-$49,999

37.0

(32.7, 41.6)

$50,000-$74,999

39.3

(35.3, 43.4)

$75,000 or More

38.4

(35.4, 41.5)

Education

Less than High School

36.6

(32.0, 41.5)

High School Graduate

34.4

(31.7, 37.2)

Some College

33.3

(30.6, 36.1)

College Graduate

37.9

(35.6, 40.3)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

34.3

(32.4, 36.3)

No Health Insurance

34.3

(30.8, 38.1)

a The proportion of adults whose BMI was between 25.0 and 29.9

kg/m2 .

Note: Body mass index, BMI, is defined as weight (kg) divided by

height (m) squared.

Percent (%)

80

60

40

33.2

33.4

31.6

37

39.3

38.4

Percent of Adults who were Overweight, by Public Health District, Georgia, 2013

20

0 Less Than $15,000 - $25,000 - $35,000 - $50,000 - $75,000 or $15,000 $24,999 $34,999 $49,999 $74,999 More

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who were Overweight, by Age Group, Georiga, 2013

100

80

60

40

35.2

36.3

38.7

36.8

21.8

20

0 18-24 yr

25-34 yr

35-44 yr

45-54 yr

55-64 yr

40.2 65+ yr

19

Chronic Conditions
Arthritis

Arthritis refers to rheumatic conditions that cause pain in and around joints and connective tissues. This pain can develop over time or can occur suddenly. Arthritis pain can be relieved by engaging in frequent physical activity.33

In 2013, 24.1% of Georgia adults had arthritis.
Adult females (27.6%) were significantly more likely to have arthritis than males (20.4%).
Hispanics (7.4%) were significantly least likely to have arthritis when compared to white non-Hispanics (28.7%) and black non-Hispanics (22.1%).
Adults aged 65 years and older (51.0%) were significantly more likely to have arthritis when compared to other age groups.
Adults with an annual income of less than $15,000 (37.9%) were significantly most likely to have arthritis when compared to adults from any other annual household income category.

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who had Arthritis, by Gender, Georgia, 2013

100

80

60

40

27.6

20.4

20

0 Male

Female

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who had Arthritis, by Age Group, Georiga, 2013

100

80

60 42.7

40

28.5

20 4.1

14.3 4.9

0 18-24 yr

25-34 yr

35-44 yr

45-54 yr

55-64 yr

51.0 65+ yr

Demographic Characteristics State Totals Sex Male Female Race/Ethnicity White Non-Hispanic Black Non-Hispanic Hispanic Age 18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr 65+ yr Income Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000 or More Education Less than High School High School Graduate Some College College Graduate Health Insurance Coverage Has Health Insurance No Health Insurance

Arthritis

%

95% CI

24.1 (23.0, 25.3)

20.4 (18.7, 22.3) 27.6 (26.1, 29.1)

28.7 (27.1, 30.3)

22.1 (19.9, 24.5)

7.4

(5.1, 10.5)

4.1

(2.3, 7.3)

4.9

(3.3, 7.1)

14.3 (11.9, 17.1)

28.5 (25.6, 31.7)

42.7 (39.8, 45.8)

51.0 (48.3, 53.7)

37.9 (33.7, 42.3) 25.6 (22.7, 28.6) 23.8 (20.4, 27.7) 19.8 (16.8, 23.2) 22.9 (19.9, 26.1) 19.9 (17.5, 22.5)

31.1 (27.4, 35.0) 26.5 (24.3, 28.8) 22.8 (20.7, 25.1) 18.3 (16.7, 20.0)

27.0 (25.6, 28.4) 15.0 (12.9, 17.4)

Percent of Adults who had Arthritis, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who had Arthritis, by Annual Household Income, Georiga, 2013

100

80

60

37.9

40

25.6

23.8

19.8

22.9

19.9

20

0

Less Than $15,000 - $25,000 - $35,000 - $50,000 - $75,000 or

$15,000 $24,999 $34,999 $49,999 $74,999

More

20

Risk Behaviors
Adequate Physical Activity

Adequate physical activity can lower the risk of chronic disease, falls and fractures, helps maintain healthy body weight, and enhance quality of life. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommend that adults aged 18-64 years participate in moderate physical activity for at least 150 minutes per week, vigorous physical activities for at least 75 minutes per week, or an equivalent combination of both and also participate in muscle strengthening activities on two or more days per week.13

In 2013, 20.9% of Georgia adults currently meet both the aerobic and muscle strengthening components of the physical activity recommendations.
Adult males (25.4%) were significantly more likely than females (16.8%) to engage in adequate physical activity.
Hispanic (12.9%) adults were significantly less likely to engage in adequate physical activity when compared to white non-Hispanic (21.5%) and black non-Hispanic adults (21.7%).
The proportion of adults who engaged in adequate physical activity decreases as age increases.
Adults with a household income of $75,000 or more (26.3%) were more likely to engage in adequate physical activity when compared to adults in other household income levels.
Adults with a less than high school education (12.5%) were significantly less likely to engage in adequate physical activity when compared to adults with some college (22.3%) and college graduates (27.4%).
The HP 2020 target for combined aerobic and muscle strengthening components among adults is 20.1%. The current prevalence among Georgia adults meets this goal.
Percent of Adults who Engaged in Adequate Physical Activity, by Gender, Georgia, 2013
50
40

Adequate Physical Activity

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

20.9

(19.5, 22.4)

Sex

Male

25.4

(23.0, 27.8)

Female

16.8

(15.3, 18.3)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

21.5

(19.9, 23.3)

Black Non-Hispanic

21.7

(18.7, 25.1)

Hispanic

12.9

(9.4, 17.5)

Age

18-24 yr

33.0

(27.8, 38.7)

25-34 yr

25.3

(21.4, 29.7)

35-44 yr

18.5

(15.7, 21.7)

45-54 yr

20.4

(17.6, 23.6)

55-64 yr

15.1

(13.0, 17.5)

65+ yr

14.9

(12.9, 17.0)

Income

Less than $15,000

14.2

(11.2, 17.8)

$15,000-$24,999

17.0

(14.2, 20.2)

$25,000-$34,999

16.3

(12.5, 20.9)

$35,000-$49,999

22.4

(18.4, 26.9)

$50,000-$74,999

22.4

(19.0, 26.3)

$75,000 or More

26.3

(23.5, 29.3)

Education

Less than High School

12.5

(8.9, 17.3)

High School Graduate

18.7

(16.2, 21.5)

Some College

22.3

(19.7, 25.1)

College Graduate

27.4

(25.2, 29.7)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

23.3

(21.5, 25.2)

No Health Insurance

18.6

(15.4, 22.3)

a The proportion of adults who currently meet both the aerobic and

muscle strengthening components of the physical activity

recommendations

Percent of Adults who Engaged in Adequate Physical Activity, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

30

25.4

20

16.8

10

<16% 16 to 20% 20 to 24% >=24%

0 Male

Female

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Engaged in Adequate Physical Activity, by Annual Household Income, Georiga, 2013

50

40

30

26.3

22.4

22.4

20

14.2

17.0

16.3

10

0

Less Than $15,000 - $25,000 - $35,000 - $50,000 - $75,000 or

$15,000 $24,999 $34,999 $49,999 $74,999

More

21

Risk Behaviors
No Leisure-Time Physical Activity

Leisure-time physical activity helps improve overall health and fitness, and reduces your risk for many chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, colon and breast cancers, and osteoporosis. Regular physical activity also helps to maintain body weight, healthy bones, muscles, and joints, reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression, and enhances quality of life.14

In 2013, 27.2% of Georgia adults were physically inactive during leisure time within the past month.
Adult females (31.1%) were significantly more likely than males (23.0%) to be physically inactive.
Adults with an income of $75,000 or more (14.6%) were significantly least likely to be physically inactive.
Adults with a less than high school education (42.2%) were significantly more likely to be physically inactive when compared to high school graduates (32.1%), adults with some college (24.2%), and college graduates (15.2%).
Adults with health insurance (23.0%) were significantly less likely to be physically inactive when compared to adults without health insurance (34.4%).

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who reported No Leisure -Time Activity, by Gender, Georiga, 2013

100

80

60

40

31.1

23.0

20

0 Male

Female

Percent of Adults who reported No Leisure -Time Activity, by Income Level, Georiga, 2013
100
80

The HP 2020 target for adults who engage in no leisure-time physical

activity is 32.6%. The current prevalence among Georgia adults

meets this goal.

No Leisure-Time Physical Activity a

Demographic Characteristics %

95% CI

State Totals

27.2

(25.8, 28.7)

Sex Male

23.0

(21.0, 25.2)

Female

31.1

(29.3, 33.0)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

25.2

(23.6, 26.8)

Black Non-Hispanic

30.9

(28.0, 34.0)

Hispanic

30.3

(24.8, 36.6)

Age 18-24 yr

19.4

(15.3, 24.3)

25-34 yr 35-44 yr

22.9

(19.4, 26.9)

26.4

(23.0, 30.0)

45-54 yr

30.4

(27.2, 33.8)

55-64 yr

29.1

(26.3, 32.0)

65+ yr

34.4

(31.8, 37.2)

Income

Less than $15,000

38.2

(33.9, 42.6)

$15,000-$24,999

36.5

(32.8, 40.4)

$25,000-$34,999

31.4

(26.8, 36.4)

$35,000-$49,999

25.9

(22.2, 30.0)

$50,000-$74,999

21.7

(18.5, 25.3)

$75,000 or More

14.6

(12.4, 17.2)

Education

Less than High School

42.2

(37.4, 47.0)

High School Graduate

32.1

(29.4, 34.9)

Some College

24.2

(21.9, 26.8)

College Graduate

15.2

(13.6, 16.9)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

23.0

(21.3, 24.7)

No Health Insurance

34.4

(30.7, 38.2)

a The proportion of adults who reported not participating in any leisure-

time physical activities or exercises during the past month.

Percent of Adults who reported No Leisure-Time Activity, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

60

38.2 40

36.5

31.4

25.9

21.7

20

14.6

0

Less Than $15,000 - $25,000 - $35,000 - $50,000 - $75,000 or

$15,000 $14,999 $34,999 $49,999 $74,999

More

Percent No Leisure-Time Physical Activity
<<2645%% 2645-t<o7302%% 3720-t<o7450%% >>==4705%%

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who reported No Leisure -Time Activity, by Health Insurance Status, Georiga, 2013

100

80

60

40

34.4

23.0

20

0 Has Health Coverage

No Health Coverage

22

Risk Behaviors
Seatbelt Use
Seatbelt use reduces serious injuries and deaths in motor vehicle crashes by 50%.15 In 2009, about 12,000 more injuries would have been prevented and about 450 more lives saved if all states had primary enforcement seat belt laws.15 Georgia's seat belt law states that while the passenger vehicle is being operated on a public road, street or highway, each occupant in the front seat of a passenger vehicle should be restrained by a seat safety belt approved under federal motor vehicle safety standard 208.16

In 2013, 94.2% of Georgia adults reported always or almost always using a seatbelt when they are driving or riding in a car.
Females (96.5%) were significantly more likely to always or almost always use a seatbelt when compared to males (91.7%).
Adults aged 25-34 years (92%) were least likely to always or almost always use a seatbelt when compared to all other age groups.
Adults identified as college graduates (97.6%) were significantly more likely to always or almost always use a seatbelt when compared to adults with lower levels of education.
Adults with health coverage (95.4%) were significantly more likely to always use a seatbelt when compared to those without health coverage (90.3%).
The HP 2020 target for seatbelt use is 92.4%.

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Always Use a Seatbelt, by Gender, Georgia, 2013

100

91.7

96.5

80

60

40

20

0 Male

Female

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Always Use a Seatbelt, by Age Group Georgia, 2013

100

92.9

92

94.6

94.1

96.2

95.7

80

60

40

20

0 18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr 65+ yr

Always/Almost Always use a

Seatbelt a

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

94.2

(93.3, 95.0)

Sex

Male

91.7

(90.1, 93.1)

Female

96.5

(95.6, 97.2)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

94.6

(93.6, 95.4)

Black Non-Hispanic

93.0

(90.7, 94.8)

Hispanic

94.1

(90.0, 96.6)

Age

18-24 yr

92.9

(89.8, 95.1)

25-34 yr

92.0

(89.1, 94.2)

35-44 yr

94.6

(92.2, 96.3)

45-54 yr

94.1

(91.6, 95.9)

55-64 yr

96.2

(94.8, 97.2)

65+ yr

95.7

(94.5, 96.7)

Income

Less than $15,000

91.3

(88.2, 93.7)

$15,000-$24,999

92.8

(90.2, 94.8)

$25,000-$34,999

91.0

(86.9, 93.8)

$35,000-$49,999

95.3

(93.0, 96.8)

$50,000-$74,999

96.0

(94.0, 97.3)

$75,000 or More

97.2

(96.1, 98.0)

Education

Less than High School

90.9

(87.1, 93.6)

High School Graduate

92.5

(90.6, 94.0)

Some College

95.0

(93.6, 96.1)

College Graduate

97.6

(96.8, 98.2)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

95.4

(94.6, 96.1)

No Health Insurance

90.3

(87.4, 92.6)

a The proportion of adults who always or almost always use a seatbelt

while driving or riding in a car.

Percent of Adults who always use Seatbelt, by Health District, Georgia, 2013
Percent Seat Belt Use
<<9805%% 9805-t<o8983%% 9838-t<o9916%% >>==9961%%

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Always Use a Seatbelt, by Level of Education Georgia, 2013

100

90.9

92.5

95

97.6

80

60

40

20

0 Less than High School

High School Graduate

Some College College Graduate

23

Risk Behaviors
Smoking

Cigarette smoking is one of the leading causes of preventable deaths in the United States.17 Smoking is associated with deaths related to cancer, respiratory diseases, and cardiovascular diseases.18 About 10.1% of deaths among Georgia adults are linked to smoking.18

In 2013, 18.8% of Georgia adults were current cigarette smokers and 20.6% were former smokers.
Adult males (22.5%) were significantly more likely to currently smoke cigarettes than females (15.4%).
Adults with an annual income of less than $15,000 (31.7%) were more likely to currently smoke cigarettes than those with an annual income of $15,000 or greater.
Adults with less than a high school education (29.3%) were significantly more likely to currently smoke cigarettes when compared to high school graduates (21.8%), those with some college (19.2%), and college graduates (7.8%).
Adults with health insurance (16.9%) were significantly less likely to currently smoke when compared to adults without health insurance (31.6%).
The HP 2020 target for current cigarette smokers is 12%.

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Smoke Cigarettes, by Gender, Georgia, 2013
50

40

30 22.5

20

15.4

10

0 Male

Female

Percent of Adults who Smoke Cigarettes, by Level of Education, Georgia, 2013
50

Current Smoker a

Former Smoker b

Demographic

Characteristics

%

95% CI

%

95% CI

State Totals

18.8 (17.6, 20.1)

20.6 (19.5, 21.8)

Sex

Male

22.5 (20.5, 24.8)

24.5 (22.6, 26.5)

Female

15.4 (14.0, 16.9)

17.0 (15.8, 18.4)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic 20.6 (19.0, 22.3)

25.5 (23.9, 27.1)

Black Non-Hispanic 17.3 (14.9, 20.0)

14.5 (12.6, 16.7)

Hispanic

13.3 (9.5, 18.3)

11.8 (8.6, 16.1)

Age

18-24 yr

16.5 (13.1, 20.6)

6.1 (4.2, 8.8)

25-34 yr

26.9 (23.1, 31.1)

14.9 (12.2, 18.1)

35-44 yr

19.9 (17.0, 23.1)

15.6 (13.1, 18.5)

45-54 yr

21.6 (18.8, 24.8)

18.8 (16.3, 21.7)

55-64 yr

17.8 (15.5, 20.4)

29.0 (26.3, 31.9)

65+ yr

8.7 (7.2, 10.6)

38.8 (36.2, 41.6)

Income

Less than $15,000

31.7 (27.7, 36.1)

17.2 (14.2, 20.7)

$15,000-$24,999

25.6 (22.2, 29.2)

18.1 (15.7, 20.8)

$25,000-$34,999

20.7 (17.1, 24.9)

22.0 (18.3, 26.2)

$35,000-$49,999

19.8 (16.5, 23.7)

21.2 (18.2, 24.6)

$50,000-$74,999

13.0 (10.5, 15.9)

23.5 (20.2, 27.1)

$75,000 or More

10.7 (8.5, 13.4)

22.6 (20.2, 25.2)

Education

Less than High School 29.3 (25.1, 34.0)

17.1 (14.0, 20.7)

High School Graduate 21.8 (19.5, 24.3)

20.7 (18.6, 22.9)

Some College

19.2 (17.1, 21.5)

21.8 (19.7, 24.1)

College Graduate

7.8 (6.5, 9.4)

21.4 (19.6, 23.3)

Health Insurance

Coverage

Has Health Insurance 16.9 (15.5, 18.5)

18.3 (16.9, 19.8)

No Health Insurance 31.6 (28.2, 35.3)

14.3 (12.0, 16.9)

a The proportion of adults who reported that they had smoked at least

100 cigarettes (5 packs) in their life and they currently smoke

cigarettes, either every day or on some days.

b The proportion of adults who reported that they had smoked at least

100 cigarettes (5 packs) in their life but do not currently smoke.

Percent (%)

40

29.3

30

21.8

19.2

20

7.8 10

Percent of Adults who currently Smoke Cigarettes, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

0 Less than High School

High School Graduate

Some College College Graduate

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Smoke Cigarettes, by Household Income, Georgia, 2013

50

40 31.7

30

25.6

20.7

19.8

20

13

10.7

10

0 Less Than $15,000 - $25,000 - $35,000 - $50,000 - $75,000 or $15,000 $24,999 $34,999 $49,999 $74,999 More

24

Risk Behaviors
Smokeless Tobacco
Smokeless tobacco is known to cause cancer of the oral cavity and pancreas, and should not be considered a safe substitute for smoking cigarettes.19 The two main types of smokeless tobacco sold in the United States are chewing tobacco and snuff.

In 2013, 5.0% of Georgia adults reported using smokeless tobacco.
Adult males (8.4%) were significantly more likely to use smokeless tobacco compared to females (1.8%).
White non-Hispanics (6.0%) were more likely to use smokeless tobacco when compared to black non-Hispanics (4.0%) and Hispanics (2.1%).
A higher proportion of adults with a household income of $25,000 to $34,999 (6.8%) used smokeless tobacco.
Adults with less than high school education (8.8%) were significantly more likely to use smokeless tobacco when compared to college graduates (2.5%).
Percent of Adults who used Smokeless Tobacco, by Gender, Georgia, 2013
15

Percent (%)

10

8.4

5
0 Male

1.8 Female

Percent of Adults who used Smokeless Tobacco, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013
15

The HP 2020 target for smokeless tobacco use is 0.3%.

Smokeless Tobacco Use a

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

5.0

(4.3, 5.8)

Sex

Male

8.4

(7.1, 9.9)

Female

1.8

(1.4, 2.4)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

6.0

(5.1, 7.1)

Black Non-Hispanic

4.0

(2.8, 5.5)

Hispanic

2.1

(0.9, 4.5)

Age

18-24 yr

6.6

(4.5, 9.7)

25-34 yr

4.6

(3.2, 6.6)

35-44 yr

5.9

(4.3, 8.2)

45-54 yr

5.6

(4.0, 7.9)

55-64 yr

3.5

(2.4, 5.1)

65+ yr

3.7

(2.8, 4.9)

Income

Less than $15,000

5.9

(4.1, 8.3)

$15,000-$24,999

5.2

(3.8, 7.2)

$25,000-$34,999

6.8

(4.3, 10.7)

$35,000-$49,999

4.5

(2.9, 6.9)

$50,000-$74,999

3.7

(2.4, 5.7)

$75,000 or More

4.5

(3.2, 6.3)

Education

Less than High School

8.8

(6.5, 11.8)

High School Graduate

5.5

(4.3, 7.1)

Some College

4.3

(3.3, 5.7)

College Graduate

2.5

(1.8, 3.5)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

5.2

(4.4, 6.2)

No Health Insurance

5.4

(3.8, 7.5)

a The proportion of adults who reported that they currently use

chewing tobacco, snuff or snus, either every day or some days.

Percent (%)

10

6.0

5

4.0

2.1

Percent of Adults who used Smokeless Tobacco, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

0 White Non-Hispanic

Black Non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who used Smokeless Tobacco, by Education Level, Georgia, 2013
15

10

8.8

5.5 5

0 Less than High School

High School Graduate

4.3 2.5
Some College College Graduate

25

Risk Behaviors
Binge Drinking

Binge drinking is linked to unintentional injuries (falls, car crashes), intentional injuries (sexual assault, domestic violence), alcohol poisoning, liver disease, and neurological damage.20 Binge drinking is defined as consuming five or more drinks per occasion for men or four or more drinks per occasion for women at least once in the previous month.

In 2013, 13.1% of Georgia adults engaged in binge drinking.

Adult males (17.3%) were significantly more likely than females (9.2%) to engage in binge drinking.
More young adults aged 18-24 (18.7%) and 25-34 (19.2%) reported binge drinking than any other age groups.
Adults with an annual household income of $75,000 or more (16.4%) were the most likely to engage in binge drinking.
The HP 2020 target for binge drinking is 24.4%. The current prevalence among Georgia adults meets this goal.

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Engaged in Binge Drinking, by Gender, Georgia, 2013
40

30

20

17.3

9.2 10

0 Male

Female

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Engaged in Binge Drinking, by Age Group, Georiga, 2013
40

30

18.7

19.2

20

16.5

11.9 9.1
10

0 18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr

3.4 65+ yr

Binge Drinking a

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

13.1

(12.1, 14.2)

Sex

Male

17.3

(15.5, 19.2)

Female

9.2

(8.2, 10.5)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

15.1

(13.7, 16.6)

Black Non-Hispanic

9.4

(7.8, 11.2)

Hispanic

14.4

(10.3, 19.7)

Age

18-24 yr

18.7

(15.1, 22.9)

25-34 yr

19.2

(16.2, 22.6)

35-44 yr

16.5

(13.8, 19.7)

45-54 yr

11.9

(9.9, 14.2)

55-64 yr

9.1

(7.4, 11.1)

65+ yr

3.4

(2.5, 4.6)

Income

Less than $15,000

11.3

(8.7, 14.5)

$15,000-$24,999

11.8

(9.5, 14.6)

$25,000-$34,999

12.2

(9.5, 15.6)

$35,000-$49,999

14.9

(11.8, 18.6)

$50,000-$74,999

15.7

(12.9, 19.0)

$75,000 or More

16.4

(14.1, 19.0)

Education

Less than High School

10.9

(8.0, 14.7)

High School Graduate

12.1

(10.3, 14.2)

Some College

13.0

(11.2, 15.1)

College Graduate

15.9

(14.1, 17.9)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

15.3

(13.8, 16.8)

No Health Insurance

14.6

(12.2, 17.3)

a The proportion of adults who reported drinking 5 or more drinks for men or 4 or more

drinks for women per occasion at least once in the previous month.

Percent of Adults who Engaged in Binge Drinking, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Engaged in Binge Drinking, by Household Income, Georgia, 2013
40

30

20

14.9

15.7

16.4

11.3

11.8

12.2

10

0 Less Than $15,000 - $25,000 - $35,000 - $50,000 - $75,000 or $15,000 $24,999 $34,999 $49,999 $74,999 More

26

Risk Behaviors
Heavy Drinking

Heavy drin1king is defined as consuming more than two drinks per day for males and more than one drink per day for females. Excessive alcohol use is the third leading lifestyle-related cause of death in the United States and has been associated with cirrhosis of the liver, high blood pressure, stroke, and can increase the risk for motor vehicle accidents, injuries, violence, and suicide.21

In 2013, 4.7% of Georgia adults engaged in heavy drinking.
White non-Hispanics (5.4%) were more likely to be engaged in heavy drinking when compared to black nonHispanics (3.6%) and Hispanics (3.4%).
Adults aged 18 to 24 years of age (5.8%) were the most likely to engage in heavy drinking when compared to any other age group.
Heavy drinking is more prevalent among adults with an annual household income of $75,000 or more (6.5%).

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Engaged in Heavy Drinking, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013
30

20

10 5.4
0 White Non-Hispanic

3.6 Black Non-Hispanic

3.4 Hispanic

Percent of Adults who Engaged in Heavy Drinking, by Age Group, Georiga, 2013
30
20

Heavy Drinking a

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

4.7

(4.0, 5.3)

Sex

Male

5.6

(4.6, 6.8)

Female

3.8

(3.1, 4.6)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

5.4

(4.5, 6.3)

Black Non-Hispanic

3.6

(2.6, 4.9)

Hispanic

3.4

(1.6, 7.2)

Age

18-24 yr

5.8

(3.8, 8.9)

25-34 yr

4.2

(3.0, 5.8)

35-44 yr

5.9

(4.4, 8.0)

45-54 yr

5.0

(3.6, 6.9)

55-64 yr

4.3

(3.3, 5.6)

65+ yr

2.9

(2.2, 4.0)

Income

Less than $15,000

3.3

(2.1, 5.3)

$15,000-$24,999

4.7

(3.1, 6.8)

$25,000-$34,999

3.5

(2.1, 5.8)

$35,000-$49,999

6.2

(4.5, 8.4)

$50,000-$74,999

4.8

(3.4, 6.7)

$75,000 or More

6.5

(5.0, 8.5)

Education

Less than High School

3.5

(2.0, 6.2)

High School Graduate

4.1

(3.2, 5.3)

Some College

5.2

(4.1, 6.7)

College Graduate

5.4

(4.4, 6.7)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

4.9

(4.1, 5.7)

No Health Insurance

5.5

(4.0, 7.6)

a The proportion of adults who reported drinking 2 or more drinks for males or 1 or more drinks for women per day.

Percent of Adults who Engaged in Heavy Drinking, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

10

5.8

4.2

5.9

5.0

4.3

0 18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr

2.9 65+ yr

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Engaged in Heavy Drinking, by Income, Georgia 2013
30

20

10 3.3

4.7

3.5

6.2

4.8

6.5

0 Less Than $15,000 - $25,000 - $35,000 - $50,000 - $75,000 or $15,000 $24,999 $34,999 $49,999 $74,999 More

27

Risk Behaviors
At Least One Drink per Month
Those categorized as having at least one drink per month have consumed either a 12-ounce beer, a 5-ounce glass of wine, or a drink with one shot of liquor within the past 30 days.

In 2013, 47.8% of Georgia adults consumed at least one alcoholic drink within the past month.
Adult males (55.3%) were significantly more likely than females (40.9%) to consume at least one drink within 30 days.
White non-Hispanics (50.9%) were significantly more likely than black non-Hispanics (44.2%) and Hispanics (39.6%) to consume at least one drink within 30 days.
Adults with college degrees (63.5%) were significantly more likely to consume at least one drink per month when compared to adults of lower education levels.

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Consumed at Least One Drink per Month, by Gender, Georgia, 2013
100

80

60

54.2

40.6

40

20

0 Male

Female

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Consumed at Least One Drink, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013

100

80

60

51.5

41.5

44.2

40

20

0 White Non-Hispanic Black Non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Demographic Characteristics State Totals Sex Male Female Race/Ethnicity White Non-Hispanic Black Non-Hispanic Hispanic Age 18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr 65+ yr Income Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000 or More Education Less than High School High School Graduate Some College College Graduate Health Insurance Coverage Has Health Insurance No Health Insurance

At Least One Drink per Month

%

95% CI

47.1

(45.6, 48.7)

54.2

(51.7, 56.7)

40.6

(38.7, 42.5)

51.1

(49.3, 53.0)

41.5

(38.4, 44.7)

44.2

(38.0, 50.6)

47.0

(41.7, 52.4)

56.1

(51.9, 60.2)

51.0

(47.1, 54.8)

49.0

(45.6, 52.4)

44.8

(41.7, 47.9)

33.7

(31.1, 36.4)

29.7

(25.8, 33.9)

40.8

(37.0, 44.7)

42.1

(37.4, 47.0)

49.4

(44.9, 53.9)

56.2

(52.0, 60.3)

65.4

(62.3, 68.3)

28.7

(24.4, 33.4)

40.9

(38.1, 43.9)

49.6

(46.7, 52.5)

63.9

(61.6, 66.2)

52.9

(50.9, 54.9)

42.1

(38.4, 45.9)

Percent of Adults who Consumed at Least One Drink per Month, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Consumed at Least One Drink per Month, by Level of Education, Georgia, 2013

100

80

60

40

28.7

20

0 Less than High School

40.9
High School Graduate

63.9 49.6
Some College College Graduate

28

Risk Behaviors
Use of Equipment
Use of equipment such as a cane, a wheelchair, a special bed, or a special telephone can make everyday tasks easier and improve the overall quality of life for those with health problems or disabilities.

In 2013, 7.9% of Georgia adults reported using equipment due to a health problem or disability.
Hispanic adults (2.4%) were significantly less likely than Black non-Hispanics (9.3%) or white non-Hispanics (8.3%) to use equipment.
Use of equipment increases with age. Adults of age 65 or older (19.4%) are significantly more likely to use equipment than any younger age category.
Adults with less than a high school education (12.3%) were more likely to use equipment when compared to adults with higher levels of education.

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who use Equipment, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013
30

20

10

8.3

9.3

0 White Non-Hispanic

Black Non-Hispanic

2.4 Hispanic

Percent of Adults who use Equipment, by Age Group, Georiga, 2013
30

20 13.2

10

8.4

4.0

1.2

1.9

0 18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr

19.4 65+ yr

Percent (%)

Demographic Characteristics
State Totals Sex Male Female Race/Ethnicity White Non-Hispanic Black Non-Hispanic Hispanic Age 18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr 65+ yr Income Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000 or More Education Less than High School High School Graduate Some College College Graduate Health Insurance Coverage Has Health Insurance No Health Insurance

Use of Equipment

%

95% CI

7.9

(7.2, 8.7)

7.0

(6.0, 8.3)

8.8

(7.9, 9.8)

8.3

(7.4, 9.3)

9.3

(7.8, 11.1)

2.4

(1.4, 4.2)

1.2

(0.4, 3.3)

1.9

(0.8, 4.0)

4.0

(2.6, 6.0)

8.4

(6.7, 10.5)

13.2

(11.3, 15.4)

19.4

(17.4, 21.6)

18.7

(15.7, 22.0)

11.5

(9.5, 13.9)

6.6

(5.0, 8.5)

5.3

(3.9, 7.2)

2.8

(2.0, 4.0)

3.8

(2.5, 5.7)

12.3

(10.0, 15.0)

9.6

(8.2, 11.2)

7.5

(6.3, 9.0)

3.6

(3.0, 4.3)

6.1

(5.3, 7.1)

4.9

(3.5, 6.8)

Percent of Adults who reported Using Equipment, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who use Equipment, by Level of Education, Georgia, 2013
30

20
12.3 9.6
10

0 Less than High School

High School Graduate

7.5 3.6
Some College College Graduate

29

Clinical Preventive Practices

Adult Immunizations

Adult immunizations against influenza and pneumococcal disease are important preventative measures against morbidity and mortality for adults aged 65 years and older since they are at high risk of developing complications from the diseases.30 From 1976 to 2007, there was an estimated annual average of 5,546 (87.9%) influenza-associated deaths among adults 65 years and older.31

In 2013, 54.6% of Georgia adults aged 65 and older had a seasonal flu vaccine within the past year.
White non-Hispanics (57.7%) were significantly more likely to receive the seasonal flu vaccine when compared to black non-Hispanics (43.3%).
The HP 2020 target for influenza immunization in adults aged 65 years and older is 90%
In 2013, 66.4% of Georgia adults aged 65 and older have ever had the pneumonia vaccine.
Females (69.2%) were more likely to receive the pneumonia vaccine when compared to males (62.6%).
White non-Hispanics (70.6%) were significantly more likely to receive the pneumonia vaccine when compared to black non-Hispanics (53.3%).
Adults with an annual household income $25,000-$34,999 (59.1%) were the least likely to receive the pneumonia vaccine. The HP 2020 target for pneumonia immunization in adults aged 65 years and older is 90%

Influenza

Pneumonia

Vaccine a

Vaccine b

Demographic

Characteristics

% 95% CI

% 95% CI

State Totals

54.6 (51.7, 57.4)

66.4 (63.6, 69.2)

Sex

Male

56.5 (51.8, 61.1)

62.6 (57.8, 67.2)

Female

53.1 (49.6, 56.6)

69.2 (65.8, 72.5)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic 57.7 (54.5, 60.8)

70.6 (67.6, 73.5)

Black Non-Hispanic 43.3 (36.6, 50.3)

53.3 (46.1, 60.4)

Hispanic

NA

NA

NA

NA

Income

Less than $15,000

43.8 (35.6, 52.3)

64.5 (55.4, 72.7)

$15,000-$24,999

50.9 (44.5, 57.3)

59.4 (52.8, 65.7)

$25,000-$34,999

52.6 (44.3, 60.7)

59.1 (50.3, 67.5)

$35,000-$49,999

57.4 (49.1, 65.4)

72.2 (63.8, 79.4)

$50,000-$74,999

54.7 (45.6, 63.5)

67.9 (59.4, 75.3)

$75,000 or More

64.8 (57.2, 71.7)

66.8 (58.4, 74.2)

Education

Less than High School 49.0 (41.9, 56.2)

59.4 (51.8, 66.5)

High School Graduate 52.2 (47.2, 57.2)

66.0 (60.9, 70.8)

Some College

54.7 (49.0, 60.3)

69.7 (64.2, 74.7)

College Graduate

63.2 (58.2, 68.0)

69.5 (64.7, 74.0)

a The proportion of adults 65+ years that had a seasonal flu vaccine within the past year. b The proportion of adults 65+ years that have ever had a pneumonia vaccine

Percent (%) Percent (%)

Percent of Adults aged 65+ years who recieve Vaccinations, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013

100

80

57.7

62.6

60

40

Flu Shot In Past Year Pneumonia Shot
69.2
43.3

20

0 White Non-Hispanic

Black Non-Hispanic

Percent of Adults aged 65+ years who recieve Vaccinations, by Level of Education, Georgia, 2013

100

80

59.4

60

49

40

66 52.2

69.7 54.7

Flu Shot in Past Year Pneumonia Shot
69.5 63.2

20

0 Less than High School

High School Graduate

Some College College Graduate

Percent of Adults aged 65+ years who had the Flu Vaccine, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent of Adults aged 65+ years who had the Pneumonia Vaccine, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

30

Clinical Preventive Practices

Breast Cancer Screening

Breast cancer screening means checking a woman's breast for cancer before there are signs or symptoms of the diseases. Mammograms help screen for breast cancer by detecting for tumors or lumps using X-rays imaging. Women between 50-74 years old should get mammograms once every 2 years.22 Breast cancer screening for women 40 to 49 years old should be determined by a doctor.22

In 2013, 81.0% of Georgian women aged 50-74 years and older have had a mammogram in the past two years.
Among women 50 to 74 years of age: Black non-Hispanic women (83.9%) were more likely
than white non-Hispanic women (80.6%) to have had a mammogram in the past two years. Women with an annual household income of $25,000 to $34,999 (74.1%) were least likely to have had a mammogram in the past two years. Women without a high school diploma (76.6%) were the least likely to have had a mammogram in the past two years when compared to women of other education levels. Women with health care coverage (84.8%) were significantly more likely to have had a mammogram in the past two years when compared to women without health care coverage (56.5%).

Percent of Females who have had a Mammogram in the Past 2 Years, by Health Care Coverage, Georiga, 2013

100

85.9

84.8

80

60

40-64 Years Old 50-74 Years Old

59.3

56.5

40

The HP 2020 target for breast cancer screening in adults aged 50 to 74 years old is 81.1%.

Mammogram 50-74 in Past 2 Years a

Demographic

Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

81.0

(78.7, 83.0)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

80.6

(77.9, 83.1)

Black Non-Hispanic

83.9

(79.4, 87.6)

Hispanic

NA

NA

Age

35-44 years

NA

NA

45-54 years

80.4

(75.5, 84.4)

55-64 years

80.7

(77.2, 83.8)

65-74 years

81.9

(77.8, 85.4)

Annual Income

Less than $15,000

75.7

(68.1, 82.0)

$15,000-$24,999

77.4

(71.5, 82.4)

$25,000-$34,999

74.1

(65.2, 81.5)

$35,000-$49,999

79.3

(71.7, 85.3)

$50,000-$74,999

86.0

(80.2, 90.3)

$75,000 or More

87.8

(83.1, 91.4)

Education

Less than High School

76.6

(68.9, 82.9)

High School Graduate

78.1

(73.4, 82.1)

Some College

82.9

(78.8, 86.4)

College Graduate

84.6

(81.2, 87.5)

Health Insurance

Has Health Insurance

84.8

(81.9, 87.3)

No Health Insurance

56.5

(47.7, 64.9)

a The proportion of women aged 50-74 years who had a mammogram within the past 2 years.

Percent of Females aged 50 to 74 years who have had a Mammogram in the Past 2 years, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

20

0 Has Health Coverage

No Health Coverage

Percent (%)

Percent of Females who have had a Mammogram in the Past 2 Years, by Level of Education, Georiga, 2013

100

80

73.6 76.6

60

40

20

0 Less than High School

80.8 78.1
High School Graduate

82.3 82.9

40-64 Years Old 50-74 Years Old
86.5 84.6

Some College College Graduate

31

Clinical Preventive Practices

Cervical Cancer Screening

Cervical cancer screening is one of the most effective ways to prevent cervical cancer. Current recommendations for cervical cancer screening states that Pap testing should begin at 21 years of age. Women aged 21-29 years should have a Pap test every 3 years and women aged 30-65 years can have Pap and HPV co-testing every 5 years or just a pap test alone every 3 years. Women aged 65 years or older with adequate screening history or women who had a total hysterectomy should not be screened.24

In 2013, 78.9% of Georgia women aged 21-65 years reported having a Pap test within the past 3 years.
White non-Hispanic women (78.8%) were less likely to have had a Pap test in the past 3 years than other race/ethnicity groups.
Woman with an annual household income of less than $15,000 (69.9%) were the least likely to have had a Pap test in the past 3 years.
Women with less than high school education (61.4%) were less likely to have had a Pap test in the past 3 years compared to college graduates (84.3%).
Woman with health care coverage (85.1%) were significantly more likely to have had a Pap test in the past 3 years than women without health care coverage (62.1%).

Percent (%)

Percent of Females aged 21-65 years who have had a Pap Test in the Past 3 Years, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013

100

78.8

82.4

80

69.4

60

40

20

0 White Non-Hispanic

Black Non-Hispanic

Hispanic

The HP 2020 target for cervical cancer screening in

adults aged 21 to 65 years old is 93%. Pap Test in Past 3 Years a

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

78.9

(76.5, 81.0)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

78.8

(75.8, 81.6)

Black Non-Hispanic

82.4

(78.4, 85.8)

Hispanic

69.4

(59.3, 77.9)

Age

21-24 years

74.5

(64.8, 82.3)

25-34 years

80.7

(75.2, 85.1)

35-44 years

81.0

(76.1, 85.1)

45-54 years

77.2

(72.5, 81.3)

55-65 years

78.7

(74.3, 82.6)

Annual Income

Less than $15,000

69.9

(62.4, 76.5)

$15,000-$24,999

72.2

(65.7, 77.8)

$25,000-$34,999

72.7

(63.9, 80.0)

$35,000-$49,999

83.8

(77.1, 88.7)

$50,000-$74,999

88.2

(83.0, 91.9)

$75,000 or More

89.1

(85.3, 92.0)

Education

Less than High School

61.4

(52.1, 69.9)

High School Graduate

77.8

(72.9, 82.0)

Some College

81.8

(77.9, 85.2)

College Graduate

84.3

(81.1, 87.1)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

85.1

(82.7, 87.2)

No Health Insurance

62.1

(56.2, 67.6)

a The proportion of adult females aged 21-65 years who have had a Pap test within the past

three years.

Percent (%)

Percent of Females aged 21-65 years who have had a Pap Test in the Past 3 Years, by Level of Education, Georiga,
2013

100

80

61.4

60

40

20

0 Less than High School

77.8
High School Graduate

81.8

84.3

Some College College Graduate

Percent of Females aged 21-65 years who have had a Pap Test in the Past 3 years, by Health District, Georgia, 2013

Percent (%)

Percent of Females aged 21-65 years who have had a Pap Test in the Past 3 Years, by Health Care Coverage, Georiga,
2013

100

85.1

80 62.1
60

40

20

0

Has Health Coverage

No Health Coverage

32

Clinical Preventive Practices

Colorectal Cancer Screening

Colorectal cancer affects both men and women, particularly those aged 50 years and older.28 Screening can find precancerous polyps (abnormal growths in the colon or rectum) so they can be removed before turning cancerous. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends colorectal cancer screening for men and women aged 5075 years using high-sensitivity fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) every year, sigmoidoscopy every five years, or colonoscopy every ten years.29

In 2013, 64.6% of Georgia adults aged 50 to 75 years met the recommendations for colorectal cancer screening.
Hispanics aged 50 to 75 years (35.5%) were least likely to meet recommendations for colorectal cancer screening.
Adults aged 65 to 75 years (78.6%) were significantly most likely to meet the recommendations for colorectal cancer screening.
Adults aged 50 to 75 years with an annual household income of $50,000-$74,999 (75.9%) were most likely to meet recommendations for colorectal cancer screening, while adults with an annual household income of less than $15,000 were least likely to meet the recommendations (49.1%).
Adults aged 50 to 75 years with less than a high school education (45.6%) were significantly less likely to meet colorectal cancer screening recommendations when compared to those who are high school graduates (64.2%), some college (72.7%) and college graduates (75.1%).
Adults aged 50 to 75 years without health care coverage (28.3%) were significantly less likely to meet colorectal cancer screening recommendations when compared to those with health care coverage (68.5%).

The HP 2020 target for colorectal cancer screening in

adults aged 50 to 75 years old is 70.5%.

Colorectal Cancer Screening a

Demographic Characteristics

%

95% CI

State Totals

66.4

(64.2, 68.6)

Sex

Males

64.8

(61.2, 68.3)

Females

67.9

(65.2, 70.4)

Race/Ethnicity

White Non-Hispanic

69.3

(66.8, 71.8)

Black Non-Hispanic

64.0

(59.3, 68.4)

Hispanic

35.5

(24.2, 48.7)

Age

45-54 years

47.6

(42.8, 52.3)

55-64 years

70.7

(67.6, 73.5)

65+ years

78.6

(75.4, 81.5)

Annual Income

Less than $15,000

49.1

(42.6, 55.5)

$15,000-$24,999

53.8

(47.9, 59.6)

$25,000-$34,999

58.4

(50.4, 66.0)

$35,000-$49,999

75.2

(69.3, 80.3)

$50,000-$74,999

75.9

(70.4, 80.6)

$75,000 or More

73.9

(69.4, 78.0)

Education

Less than High School

45.6

(39.0, 52.4)

High School Graduate

64.2

(60.2, 68.0)

Some College

72.7

(68.7, 76.3)

College Graduate

75.1

(71.9, 78.0)

Health Insurance Coverage

Has Health Insurance

68.5

(65.6, 71.2)

No Health Insurance

28.3

(22.6, 34.7)

a The proportion of adults aged 50 to 75 years who have had a blood stool test ever year,

sigmoidoscopy every five years, or colonoscopy every ten years.

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults aged 50 to 75 years who met Colorectal Cancer Screening Recommendations, by Race/Ethnicity,
Georiga, 2013

100

80

69.3

60

40

20

0 White Non-Hispanic

64.0 Black Non-Hispanic

58.7 Hispanic

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults aged 50 to 75 years who met Colorectal Cancer Screening Recommendations, by Level of Education, Georiga, 2013

100

80

60

45.6

40

20

0 Less than High School

64.2
High School Graduate

72.7

75.1

Some College College Graduate

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults aged 50 to 75 years who met Colorectal Cancer Screening Recommendations, by Health Care Coverage, Georiga, 2013

100

80

68.5

60

40

20

0 Has Health Coverage

28.3 No Health Coverage

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults aged 50 to 75 years who met Colorectal Cancer Screening Recommendations, by Annual Household Income, Georiga, 2013

100

75.2

75.9

73.9

80

60

49.1

53.8

58.4

40

20

0

Less Than $15,000 - $25,000 - $35,000 - $50,000 - $75,000 or

$15,000 $24,999 $34,999 $49,999 $74,999

More

33

Clinical Preventive Practices
HIV Testing

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a preventable disease that affects both men and women alike. While there is no known cure for HIV, getting tested for HIV can reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to others and improve the health of infected persons with early detection.32

In 2013, 43.7% of Georgia adults reported that they had ever been tested for HIV.

White non-Hispanics (36.3%) were least likely to have ever been tested for HIV compared to black non-Hispanics (59.3%) and Hispanics (43.8%).
Adults 25 to 34 years old (62.6%) were most likely to have ever been tested for HIV.
Adults with less than a high school education (36.2%) were least likely to have ever been tested for HIV.
Adults without health care coverage (54.8%) were significantly more likely to have ever been tested for HIV when compared to those with health care coverage (47.1%).

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Ever Tested for HIV, by Healthcare Coverage, Georgia, 2013

80 70 60
47.1 50 40 30 20 10
0 Has Health Coverage

54.8 No Health Coverage

Demographic Characteristics
State Totals Sex Male Female Race/Ethnicity White Non-Hispanic Black Non-Hispanic Hispanic Age 18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr 65+ yr Income Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000 or More Education Less than High School High School Graduate Some College College Graduate Health Insurance Coverage Has Health Insurance No Health Insurance

Ever Tested for HIV

%

95% CI

43.7

(42.1, 45.3)

43.7

(41.1, 46.3)

43.6

(41.6, 45.6)

36.3

(34.5, 38.2)

59.3

(56.0, 62.6)

43.8

(37.4, 50.4)

39.8

(34.5, 45.3)

62.6

(58.2, 66.9)

61.4

(57.4, 65.3)

44.3

(40.9, 47.9)

33.7

(30.8, 36.8)

16.0

(14.0, 18.2)

49.9

(45.3, 54.5)

46.9

(42.9, 50.9)

46.6

(41.5, 51.8)

47.4

(42.7, 52.1)

43.6

(39.4, 48.0)

41.9

(38.7, 45.1)

36.2

(31.5, 41.3)

39.6

(36.6, 42.7)

48.9

(45.9, 52.0)

47.0

(44.5, 49.5)

47.1

(45.0, 49.2)

54.8

(50.8, 58.8)

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Ever Tested for HIV, by Age Group, Georiga, 2013

80

70

62.6

61.4

60

50 39.8
40

44.3 33.7

30

20

10

0 18-24 yr 25-34 yr 35-44 yr 45-54 yr 55-64 yr

16.0 65+ yr

Percent (%)

Percent of Adults who Ever Tested for HIV, by Race/Ethnicity, Georiga, 2013

80

70

60

50

40

36.3

30

20

10

0 White Non-Hispanic

59.3 Black Non-Hispanic

43.8 Hispanic

34

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36