Manual of the General Assembly of the state of Georgia, 1943-1944

MANUAL
OF THE
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
OF
The State of Georgia
19431944
By
HENRY W NEVIN
Secretary of the Senate
and
P T McCUTCHEN JR
Clerk of the House of Representatives
jr

77
603
STATE OF GEORGIA
DEPARTMENTS
Governors Office
ELLIS ARNALL 1Governor
M E THOMPSON 1Executive Secretary
MISS GRACE CANNINGTONrPrivate Secretary
Agriculture Department of TOM LINDER Commissioner
ComptrollerGeneral
HOMER C PARKERComptrollerGeneral
Education Department of M D COLLINS 1 Supt of Schools
Labor Department of BEN T HUIET y Law Department of Commissioner
T GRADY HEAD AttorneyGeneral
Prison and Parole Commission VIVIAN L STANLEY CLEM RAINEY I ROYAL K MANN Chairman Commissioner Commissioner
Public Service Commission WALTER R McDonald matt l McWhorter PERRY T KNIGHT ALLEN CHAPPEL JAMES A PERRY Chairman Commissioner Commissioner Commissioner Commissioner
Secretary of State JOHN B WILSON Secretary of State
Treasury Department GEORGE B HAMILTON State Treasurer
3

OFFICERS
OF THE
STATE SENATE
TERM
19431944
FRANK C GROSS 31st DistrictPresident
Stephens County
DAVID S ATKINSON 1st DistrictPresident Pro Tem Chatham County
HENRY W NEVINSecretary
Whitfield County
LAMONT SMITHAssistant Secretary
Tattnall County
GROVER BYARSAssistant Secretary
Floyd County
E BISMARK MOORECalendar Clerk
DeKalb County
ROBERT L PATTEN IILiMessage Clerk
Lanier County
REV M F WALDEN Chaplain
Habersham County
SID WILLIAMS Messenger
Meriwether Gounty
A PERRY GRIFFINDoorkeeper
DeKalb County
5
MEMBERS
OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA
ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED ACCORDING TO NAMES WITH DISTRICTS AND POSTOFFICES
FOR THE TERM 19431944
Senators
Ansly C Ci
Arnall Henry C
Arnold David J
Atkinson David S
Bacon W T
Bloodworth John W Bloodworth Luther
Boyett R L
Brock L JL
Byrd S CC
Clements J M
Cooper R T
Dantzler Rev J O
Dean Wm T
Ennis Marion
Estes Walter
Eubank J E
Forrester Elbert Foster Orsbon
Fowler Alpha A
Griner Otto
Gross Frank C
Hall R M
Hampton H W Harrison Walter
Hollis M R
Ingram Royston A
Jones W Harley
Kaigler G O
Kennedy J Cliff
Kennon J H
District PostOffi
inth Smithville
36th Newnan
2fith Griffin
1st Savannah
28fh Madison
92rd Perry
22nd Macon
11 th Coleman
37th Carrollton
48th Cordele
9th Morgan
14th Cochran
43rd Dalton
34th Conyers
20th Milledgeville
SKth Rex
29th Appling
44th Trenton
40th Hiawassee
39th Douglasville
45th Ocilla
31st Toccoa
noth Crawford
41st Ellijay
17th Millen
24th Cussetta
R1 st Cummings
3rd Nahunta
12th Georgetown
2nd Reidsville
6th Adel
6
Senators
District
PostOffice
Kimbrough Henry C
Lester Wm M
Lovett W Herschel Martin W H Sr Millican G Everett
Moore G H
Newton G W
Oden Lewis H
Peterson W J
Pittman Claude
Pope Jeff A
Preston J Troy
Raynor O E
Shannon Jas D
Simmons J M
Stark Wm W
Terrell Joel H
Thigpen J A
Whitworth G P
Whitworth R E L Williams Jack
2 5th Chipley
18th Augusta
16thDublin
13thMontezuma
52ndAtlanta
32nd Dahlonega
47th Moultrie
46th Blackshear
15 th rAiley
42nd Cartersville
7thCairo
27thiiMonroe
4thiFolkston
21stJ eff ersonville
8 thBainbridge
33rdCommerce
19 thi W arrenton
49 thLfClaxton
30tb Hull
38th 1 Dallas 5th W aycross
7
MEMBERS
OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA
BY DISTRICTS IN NUMERICAL ORDER
with Counties and post offices
First DistrictCHATHAM Bryan Effingham
DAVID S ATKINSON Savannah
Second DistrictTATTNALL McIntosh Liberty Long
J CLIFF KENNEDY1Reidsville
Third DistrictBRANTLEY Wayne Appling Jeff Davis
W HARLEY JONESSjL Nahunta
Fourth DistrictCHARLTON Glynn Camden
O E RAYNOR Folkston
Fifth DistrictWARE Atkinson Clinch
JACK WILLIAMS A Waycross
Sixth DistrictCOOK Berrien Lanier Echols Lowndes
J H KENNONAdel
Seventh DistrictGRADY Brooks Thomas
JEFF A POPECairo
Eighth DistrictDECATUR Seminole Mitchell Miller
J M SIMMONSBainbridge
Ninth DistrictCALHOUN Early Baker
J M CLEMENTSMorgan
Tenth DistrictLEE Dougherty Worth
C C ANSLEY Smithville
Eleventh DistrictRANDOLPH Terrell Clay
R L BOYETT Coleman
Twelfth DistrictQUITMAN Webster Stewart
G O KAIGLERtGeorgetown
Thirteenth DistrictMACON Schley Sumter
W H MARTIN SRMontezuma
Fourteenth DistrictBLECKLEY Dooly Pulaski
R T COOPER Cochran
8
Fifteenth DistrictMONTGOMERY Wheeler Toombs
W J PETERSONIJL Ailey
Sixteenth DistrictLAURENS Treutlen Emanuel Johnson
W HERSCHEL LOVETTA jDublin
Seventeenth DistrictJENKINS Screven Burke
WALTER HARRISON J Millen
Eighteenth DistrictRICHMOND Glascock Jefferson
WM M LESTER U Augusta
Nineteenth DistrictWARREN Taliaferro Greene
JOEL H TERRELLWarrenton
Twentieth DistrictBALDWIN Hancock Washington
MARION ENNIS SjA Milledgeville
TwentyFirst DistrictTWIGGS Jones Wilkinson
JAS D SHANNON jl Jeffersonville
TwentySecond DistrictBIBB Monroe Pike Lamar
LUTHER BLOODWORTH 24Macon
TwentyThird DistrictHOUSTON Peach Taylor Crawford
JOHN W BLOODWORTHl4 Perry
TwentyFourth DistrictCHATTAHOOCHEE Marion Muscogee
M R HOLLISCussetta
TwentyFifth DistrictHARRIS Upson Talbot
HENRY C KIMBROUGH SChipley
TwentySixth DistrictSPALDING Butts Fayette
DAVID J ARNOLD 4Griffin
TwentySeventh DistrictWALTON Barrow Oconee
J TROY PRESTONS Monroe
TwentyEighth DistrictMORGAN Jasper Putnam
W T BACON Madison
TwentyNinth DistrictCOLUMBIA Lincoln McDuffie
J E EUBANKAppling
Thirtieth DistrictMADISON Elbert Hart
G P WHITWORTH4Hull
ThirtyFirst DistrictSTEPHENS Habersham Franklin
FRANK C GROSS1Toccoa
ThirtySecond DistrictLUMPKIN Dawson White
G H MOO RE 14Dahlonega
ThirtyThird DistrictJACKSON Hall Banks
WM W STARK iflCommerce
9
ThirtyFourth DistrictROCKDALE DeKalb Newton
WM T DEANConyers
ThirtyFifth DistrictCLAYTON Henry
WALTER ESTES Rex
ThirtySixth DistrictCOWETA Meriwether
HENRY C ARNALLNewnan
ThirtySeventh DistrictCARROLL Troup Heard
L J BROCKr N Carrollton
ThirtyEighth DistrictPAULDING Haralson Polk
R E L WHITWORTH Dallas
ThirtyNinth DistrictDOUGLAS Cobb Cherokee
ALPHA A FOWLER Douglasville
Fortieth DistrictTOWNS Union Rabun
ORSBON FOSTER Hiawassee
FortyFirstGILMER Pickens Fannin
H W HAMPTONEllijay
FortySecond DistrictBARTOW Chattooga Floyd
CLAUDE PITTMAN ICartersville
FortyThird DistrictWHITFIELD Gordon Murray
REV J 0 DANTZLERDalton
FortyFourth DistrictDADE Walker Catoosa
ELBERT FORRESTER Trenton
FortyFifth DistrictIRWIN Ben Hill Telfair
OTTO GRINER Ocilla
FortySixth DistrictPIERCE Bacon Coffee
LEWIS H ODENBlackshear
FortySeventh DistrictCOLQUITT Tift Turner
G W NEWTON Moultrie
FortyEighth DistrictCRISP Dodge Wilcox
S C BYRD Cordele
FortyNinth DistrictEVANS Bulloch Candler
J A THIGPENClaxton
Fiftieth DistrictOGLETHORPE Clarke Wilkes
R M HALLGrawford
FiftyFirst DistrictFORSYTH Gwinnett
ROYSTON A INGRAMCummings
FiftySecond DistrictFULTON
G EVERETT MILLICANAtlanta
10
STANDING COMMITTEES
OF THE
SENATE
TERM 19431944
11
ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND
Bloodworth of 22nd Chairman Dantzler
Shannon ViceChairman Ennis
Bloodworth of 23rd Secretary Estes
Bacon Lovett
AGRICULTURE
Foster Chairman Hollis
Newton ViceChairman Jones
Oden Secretary Kennedy
Ansley Kennon
Amali Millican
Bloodworth of 23rd Moore
Boyett Peterson
Cooper Preston
Eubank Simmons
Grriner Thigpen
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION
Pope Chairman Lester
Aktinson ViceChairman Millican
Ennis Secretary Moore
Amali Oden
Bloodworth of 22nd Raynor
Brock Shannon
Clements Simmons
Dean Stark
Forrester Terrell
Ingram Thigpen
Kennon Williams
APPROPRIATIONS
Arnall Chairman Ennis
Harrison ViceChairman Eubank
Terrell Secretary Forrester
Ansley Hampton
Arnold Ingram
Atkinson Millican
Bacon Moore
Bloodworth of 23rd Pope
Bloodworth of 22nd Preston
Brock Williams
Dean
AUDITING
Forrester Chairman Estes
Ansley ViceChairman Griner
Raynor Secretary Harrison
Atkinson Kennedy
Clements Terrell
AVIATION
Millican Chairman Fowler
Pittman ViceChairman Hampton
Thigpen Secretary Lester
Estes Newton
Foster
BANKS AND BANKING
Arnold Chairman Eubank
Stark ViceChairman Forrester
Estes Secretary Ingram
Arnall Moore
Atkinson Peterson
Bloodworth of 22nd Preston
Brock Simmons
Cooper Thigpen
13
COMMERCE
Williams Chairman Hall ViceChairman Griner Secretary Clements
CONGRESSIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE REAPPORTIONMENT
Newton Chairman Estes
Hampton ViceChairman Jones
Byrd Secretary Kennon
Bloodworth of 23rd Lester
Bloodworth of 22nd Simmons
CONSERVATION
Kennedy Chairman Harrison
Arnall ViceChairman J ones
Williams Secretary Kaigler
Atkinson Kennon
Bloodworth of 22nd Kimbrough
Byrd Newton
Clements Oden
Dean Pope
Eubank Preston
Forrester Raynor
Griner Simmons
Hall Thigpen
CORPORATIONS
Lovett Chairman Byrd
Jones ViceChairman Estes
Fowler Secretary Ingram
Arnold Martin
Bloodworth of 23rd Moore
Hollis
Lovett
Martin
14
COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS
Moore Chairman Eubank
Bloodworth of 23rd ViceChairman Foster
Milligan Secretary Griner
Atkinson Hampton
Bloodworth of 22nd Peterson
Dean Pope
Ennis Raynor
Estes Terrelf
DRAINAGE
Atkinson Chairman Foster
Pope ViceChairman Moore
Arnall Secretary Preston
Ansley Thigpen
EDUCATION AND PUBLIC SCI
Eubank Chairman Hall
Martin ViceChairman Harrison
Lester Secretary Kennon
Arnall Millican
Arnold Newton
Bacon Pope
Bloodworth of 22nd Preston
Cooper Raynor
Dean Simmons
Estes Stark
Foster Whitwortl
Griner Williams
ENGROSSING
Hollis Chairman Harrison
Bacon ViceChairman Lovett
Stark Secretary Pope
Hampton Whitwortl
15
ENROLLMENT
Boyett Chairman Moore
Byrd ViceChairman Whitworth of 30th
Jones Secretary Whitworth of 38th
Ansley Williams
FINANCE
Simmons Chairman Forrester
Thigpen ViceChairman Fowler
Millican Secretary Griner
Ansley Harrison
Arnold Ingram
Atkinson Kennedy
Bacon Kimbrough
Bloodworth of 23rd Lovett
Boyett Moore
Cooper Pope
Dean Preston
GAME AND FISH
Bloodworth of 22nd Chairman Hall
Kennedy ViceChairman Harrison
Eubank Secretary Ingram
Ansley Jones
Arnall Moore
Atkinson Pope
Bacon Raynor
Dantzler Whitworth of 30th
Foster Williams
GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER ONE
Terrell Chairihan Bloodworth of 23rd
Dean ViceChairman Bloodworth of 22nd
Ennis Secretary Lester
Ansley Pope
Atkinson Shannon
16
C
GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER TWO
Stark Chairman Pittman ViceChairman Kaigler Secretary Arnold
Bloodworth of 22nd
HALLS
Byrd Chairman Whitworth of 38th ViceChairman
Forrester
Foster
Kimbrough
Moore
Shannon
AND ROOMS
Arnold Secretary
Hollis
Martin
HIGHWAYS AND PUBLIC ROADS
Oden Chairman Ingram ViceChairman Moore Secretary Ansley Amali Arnold Atkinson
Bloodworth of 23rd
Brock
Cooper
Dantzler
Ennis
Eubank
Forrester
Foster
Griner
Hampton
Harrison
Kennon
Newton
Pittman
Pope
Preston
Raynor
Simmons
Whitworth of 30th Williams
HISTORICAL RESEARCH
Raynor Chairman Williams ViceChairman Martin Secretary Fowler
Hampton
Harrison
Lester
Whitworth of 38 th
17
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Hampton Chairman Cooper
Oden ViceChairman Dantzler
Harrison Secretary Estes
Bloodworth of 22nd Hall
Brock Hollis
Byrd Pittman
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
Dean Chairman Harrison
Lester ViceChairman Millican
Forrester Secretary Pope
Arnall Preston
Arnold Simmons
Atkinson Stark
Bloodworth of 22nd Terrell
Brock
INSURANCE
Kennon Chairman Ennis
Arnall ViceChairman Forrester
Eubank Secretary Harrison
Ansley Ingram
Atkinson Pittman
Bloodworth of 22rid Pope
Brock Terrell
Dean Thigpen
INTERSTATE COOPERATIVE COMMITTEE OF COUNCILS OF STATE GOVERNMENT
Preston Chairman Dean ViceChairman Ingram Secretary
18
Amali
Lester
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT
Hall Chairman Byrd
Peterson ViceChairman Hollis
Cooper Secretary Martin
JOURNALS
Dantzler Chairman Thigpen
Lester ViceChairman Whitworth of 38th
Whitworth of 30th Secretary Williams
Hampton
MANUFACTURES
Estes Chairman Arnold ViceChairman Simmons Secretary
Boyett
Cooper
Hollis
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Bloodworth of 23rd Chairman Ennis
Dean ViceChairman Eubank
Pope Secretary Harrison
Atkinson Millican
MINES AND MINING
Whitworth of 30th Chairman Moore ViceChairman Shannon Secretary Bacon
Hampton
Kimbrough
Newton
Whitworth of 38th
19
MOTOR VEHICLES
GtRINek Chairman Foster
Millican ViceChairman Kennedy
Preston Secretary J Kimbrough
Ansley Oden
Amali Peterson
Brock Pope
Clements Terrell
Dean Williams
f Eubank
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
Ingram Chairman Kennedy
Kimbrough ViceChairman Millican
Bloodworth of 22nd Secretary Moore
Atkinson Peterson
Forrester Pope
Fowler Stark
PENSIONS
Kimbrough Chairman Harrison
Lovett ViceChairman Kennon
Boyett Secretary Raynor
Bacon Whitworth of 38th
Cooper Williams
Griner
PENITENTIARY
Pittman Chairman Bloodworth of 23rd
Foster ViceChairman Boyett
Forrester Secretary Brock
Arnall Cooper
Bacon Dean
Bloodworth of 22nd Dantzler
20
Ennis
Estes
Eubank
Griner
Ingram
Jones
Kaigler
Kennedy
Kimbrough
Lester
Peterson
Pope
Preston
Thigpen
PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS
Jones Chairman Kennon ViceChairman Hall Secretary Bacon
Cooper
Fowler
Newton
Whitworth of 38 th
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR
Peterson Chairman Eubank
Hollis ViceChairman Kaigler
Clements Secretary Lovett
Bacon
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Cooper Chairman Byrd
Estes ViceChairman Hampton
Peterson Secretary
PUBLIC PRINTING
Bacon Chairman Griner
Forrester ViceChairman Oden
Williams Secretary Peterson
Dantzler
PUBLIC PROPERTY
Fowler Chairman Forrester
Stark ViceChairman Foster
Atkinson Secretary Kennedy
Ansley Pope
21
PUBLIC UTILITIES
Thigpen Chairman Poster
Clements ViceChairman Fowler
Brock Secretary 3 Kennedy
Atkinson Peterson
Arnall Shannon
Arnold Simmons
Bloodworth of 22nd Williams
Eubank
PUBLIC WELFARE
Harrison Chairman Brock ViceChairman Lester Secretary Atkinson Arnall Bacon
Bloodworth of 22nd
Cooper
Kennon
Moore
Pope
Whitworth of 30tji Williams
RULES
Mr President Chairman Lester
Atkinson ViceChairman Ingram
Forrester Secretary Millican
Ansley Moore
Arnall Newton
Bloodworth of 22nd Pope
Bloodworth of 23rd Pittman
Dean Preston
Griner Simmons
Harrison Thigpep
Kennon
SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Whitworth of 38th Chairman Forrester
Dantzler ViceChairman Kaigler
Pittman Secretary Newton
Bacon Oden
Bloodworth of 23rd
22
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Kaigler Chairman Ennis
Bloodworth of 22nd Estes
ViceChairman Forrester
Foster Secretary Griner
Ansley Ingram
Atkinson J ones
Bloodworth of 23rd Pittman
Dean Stark
STATE OF THE REPUBLIC
Lester Chairman Forrester
Atkinson ViceChairman Millican
Pope Secretary Moore
Ansley Preston
Arnall
STATE SANITARIUM
Ennis Chairman Eubank
Brock ViceChairman Kennon
Arnold Secretary Oden
Bacon Peterson
Bloodworth of 23rd Whitworth of
Byrd
TEMPERANCE
Ansley Chairman Harrison
Dantzler ViceChairman Ingram
Pope Secretary Kennedy
Atkinson Pittman
Forrester Preston
Foster Thigpen
Griner Whitworth of
Hampton Williams
23
TRAINING SCHOOLS
Clements Chairman Dantzler
Raynor ViceChairman Ennis
Kennedy Secretary Forrester
Arnall Lester
Bloodworth of 22nd Williams
TUBERCULOSIS SANITARIUM AT ALTO
Martin Chairman Ingram
Brock ViceChairman Moore
Oden Secretary Newton
Byrd Stark
Hall Whitworth of 30th
UNIFORM LAWS
Shannon Chairman Dantzler
Stark ViceChairman Eubank
Pittman Secretary Fowler
Bacon Hall
Bloodworth of 23rd Byrd Kaigler
UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA
Brock Chairman Foster
Ennis ViceChairman Griner
FowlerSecretary Hall
Atkinson Martin
Arnall Millican
Arnold Moore
Cooper Pittman
Dean Shannon
Estes Whitworth of 30th
Eubank Williams
24
WESTERN ATLANTIC RAILROAD
Forrester Chairman Kaigler ViceChairman Ivimbrough Secretary Bacon
Bloodworth of 23rd
Boyett
Byrd
Clements
Dean
Eubank
Foster
Griner
Harrison
Martin
Newton
Pittman
Pope
Eaynor
Whitworth of 30th
25
RULES OF THE SENATE
ADOPTED FOR THE SESSIONS OF 19431944
Hr
THE PRESIDENT
Rule 1 The President shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the Senate the President shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the Senate shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the President may vote
Rule 3 When two or more Senators shall rise at the same time the President shall name the Senator entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the President unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rult 5 The method of stating the question on any motion by the President shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the President or a division of the Senate is called for by any one member of the Senate the President shall call upon the Senators in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the Secretary he shall call upon the Senators to reverse their positions and the President shall announce the result
Discretion of President
When President shall vote
Right of Senator to the floor to be decided by the President
President to appoint committees
Method of stating a question by the President
29
President may name preside Rule 6 The President may during a days sitting name any Senator to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Duty of Secretary when President absent Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the President shall be absent the President pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Secretary of the Senate shall call the Senate to order and shall preside until a President pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the Senate The President pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
When no debate on appeals Rule 8 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Appeals to be made at once Rule 9 All appeals from the decisions of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Power of President to suspend subordinate officers Rule 10 The President shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the Senate within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the Senate may see fit to take in the premises
When President may order galleries and lobbies cleared Rule 11 The President shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbiesof the Senate cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested
30
and brought before the bar of the Senate to be dealt with for contempt of the Senate
Eule 12 When less than a quorum vot on any subject under consideration by the Senate the President may order the door of the Senate to be closed and the roll of Senators called by the Secretary and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the Senate and any Senator present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the Senate
Eule 13 The President may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the Senate discloses the fact that a quorum of the Senate has not voted
Eule 14 All questions as to priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the President without debate
ON DECOEUM AND DEBATE
Eule 15 When any Senator is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the Senate he shall arise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr President He shall be confined to matter in debate shall speak not more than twice on any subject nor more than once until every member choosing to spak shall have spoken After the first thirty days of the regular session all individual speeches on bills and resolutions shall be limited to thirty minutes unless extended by a majority of a quorum and on all points of personal privilege shall be limited to ten minutes If any Senator in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the Senate the President shall call him to order in which case the Senator so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The Senate shall if appealed to decide
No quorum voting duty of President
When President may order vote taken by yeas and nays
Decision on questions of priority
Conduct of Senators in debate
Appeals
31
Expulsion See Rule 147
Exception to words spoken
Silence
Mode of
designating
Senators
Shall not rote when interested in result
and if the decision of the Senate benot submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the Senate by a twothirds vote of the Senators which said vote shall be taken by yeas arid nays
Eule 16 If any Senator be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Secretary and read then admitted denied or 1 explained by the Senator who spoke and thereupon the questions of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the Senate may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the Senate is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been disposed of or until such further tiirie as may then be ordered by the Senate But no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the Senate for words spoken in debate if any other Senator has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Eule 17 The members of the Senate shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking Senator shall have taken his seat
Eule 18 The Senators shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the districts they represent
Eule 19 No Senator shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is personally interested and in every case where the seat of a Senator is being contested the sitting Senator and the contestant
32
shall both retire from the Senate before the vote is taken
Rule 20 Any Senator may hav entered on the Journal a protest in writing against the action of the Senate said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the Senate nor any members thereof
Rule 21 No Senator shall address the Senate nor interrogate a Senator who is speaking except through the President and if the Senator speaking declines to be interrupted the President shall cause the Senator desiring to interrogate him to be silent
Rule 22 No Senator shall pass between the Chair and a Senator while he is speaking nor shall any Senator at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the President retires
Rule 23 No Senator shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another Senator or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the House except as to the final action taken by the House in any pending matter
Rule 24 No smoking shall be allowed in the Senate Chamber during the Sessions of the Senate nor shall conversation be permitted within the Chamber
Rule 25 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 26 Applause or hisses in the Senate Chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Protests
Duty while Senator is speaking and at adjournment
Restrictions in debate
Applause and hisses forbidden
33
No debate during yeas and nays
Only one motion be made at a time
Explanation
Reading of papers
Motion to excuse when made
Excuses from voting
Rule 27 During the calling or reading of ayes and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Rule 28 No Senator can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the Senate he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the President
Rule 29 On all questions except such as are not debatable any Senator on the call of the ayesand nays shall be allowed five minutes as a matter of right in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no Senator shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent No motion or request shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a Senators1 time for explaining
Rule 30 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any Senator it shall be determined by a vote of the Senate and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 31 A motion to excuse a Senator from voting must be made before the Senate divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the Senator making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
Rule 32 No Senator shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then move to table the bill resolution or motion or move the previous question thereon without relinquishing the floor
34
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 33 Any one Senator may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Rule 34 The Senator calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself and be consistent and entire
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Rule 35 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Secretary shall distinctly state its number and the name of the Senator by whom introduced Provided that the General Appropriation Bill and the General Tax Bill shall have precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said bills shall have been finally disposed of
Rule 36 Every motion or request to take up general bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion or request for special orders shall be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the Senate
Rule 37 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any bill or resolution or other matter requiring reference to a committee the President shall as a matter
Call for division
Division how made
Bills and resolutions called in order
Proviso What motions to be in writing
Question on first reading
35
Effect of favorable report of committee
Adverse report of committee
Bills when withdrawn
Reports of committees order of action
of course and without debate eonynit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the Senate In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Secretary and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed
Eule 38 Where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill etc the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question unless recommitted Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill etc in order to have a second reading thereof any Senator may at the time such report is made give notice of intention to move at the proper time to disagree to such adverse committee report when the question shall be upon agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill etc shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill etc shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Provided that no bill etc adversely reported shall be taken up for a second reading except by motion of some Senator Any bill etc may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the Senate
Eule 39 When a bill etc favorably reported by a committee is on its third or last reading if the report of the committee is disagreed to by the Senate the bill or measures shall be lost unless the action of the Senate in disagreeing to the committee report is reconsidered within the proper time
Eule 40 The President shall not recognize any Senator at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to place any general bill on its passage out of its regular order Neither shall he recognize any request for unanimous consent for the in
36
troduction of new matter or to read any bill or resolution the second time or to place any local bill or resolution on its passage except during thefirst thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal The President shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 41 Where a bill or a resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the Senate
Rule 42 All bills and resolutions shall be written or printed and shall have the name of the Senator introducing the same as well as the district he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same All bills and resolutions having the force and effect of law shall when introduced have attached an exact copy and said copy shall be retained by the Secretary subject to use as information but the original bill or resolution shall be for the exclusive use of the Senate and the committee to which it is assigned and shall be the official bill or resolution of the Senate and shall not be subject to any other use
Rule 43 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the Senate by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the Senate agreeing thereto
Rule 43A During all sessions of the General Assembly all bills and resolutions having the effect of law except purely local bills shall upon being reported back to the Senate with recommendation that the bil or resolution do pass be printed or mimeographed and a copy placed upon each Senators desk at least one hour before such bill or resolution shall be read a third time
Bills and resolutions to be in writing
How indorsed
Bills wheif printed
Bill when printed all sessions
37
Transmission to House by majority vote
Order oi precedence
Not debatable when may be renewed Amendment
When
debatable
When
made
Rule 44 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the House on the day of the passage thereof unless a majority of the Senators present shall so order
Rule 45 The Committee on Rules during the last fifteen legislative days of each session shall arrange and fix the calendar of business for each day and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing special order duringsaid period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order and manner fixed by such calendar except by a threefourths vote of those present
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Rule 46 When any subject is before the Senate fpr consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st A motion to adjourn
2d A motion to lay on table
3d A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to postpone indefinitely
5th A motion to postpone to a day certain
6th A motion to commit
7th A motion to amend
Which said several motions shall have precedence in the order named
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 47 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the Senate A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
Rule 48 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the Senate is not actually engaged in other business is debatable and is amendable as to the day or time proposed
Rule 49 The motion to adjourn can be made at
38
any time when the Senator moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 50 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Secretary has called the first name of the ayes and nays and a vote of one Senator has been given or after a division of the Senate has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced
Rule 51 When a motion to adjourn inits simple form prevails it adjourns the Senate to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 52 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the Senate is being taken by the ayes and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the Senate is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the ayes and nays as aforesaid the Senate shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE
Rule 53 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order
Rule 54 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the Senate is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken from the table it is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
When not in order
Effect of adjournment
Hour of adjournment What business postponed
Amendment or substitute caiinot be laid on table
How matters may be taken from table
39
When
renewed
Not debatable or amendable
What can be tabled
When in order
Effect of previous question
Twenty minutes debate allowed
Eule 55 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Eule 56 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motionto take from the table is debatable or amendable
Eule 57 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
Eule 58 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that themain question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
THE MOTION EOE THE PEEVIOUS QUESTION
Eule 59 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except motions to adjourn or to lay on the table and when it is moved the first question shall be Shall the call for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority vote in the affirmative the motion to adjourn or to lay on the table can still be made but they must be made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative and after said last question is affirmatively decided by a majority vote said motions will be out of order and the Senate cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives
Eule 60 When the previous question has been ordered the Senate shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of th bill
40
or other measure is under consideration to close the debate When the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before the time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such Senators as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule
Rule 61 After the main question is ordered any Senator may call for a division of the Senate in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and naysbut on all questions on which the yeas and nays are called the assent of onefifth of the number present shall be necessary to sustain the call and when such call is sustained the yeas and nays shall be entered on the J ournal
Rule 62 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the Senate to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 63 After the main question has been ordered a motion to reconsider this action will if adopted have the effect to repeal the ordering of both the main question and the previous question and will leave the pending measure again open to debate and amendment This motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question can he made only once and if lost or if the main question is again subsequently ordered on the pending measure no second motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question shall be entertained
Vote how taken
Yeas and nays Onefifth necessary
Effect of main question being ordered
Reconsideration when in order
41
Contested elections Rule 64 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any matter if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the members of said committee whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
How called and ordered Rule 65 The previous question may be called nd ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Call of the Senate when in order Rule 66 A call of the Senate shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the President that a quorum is not present
Questions of order Rule 67 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
Effect MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE Rule 68 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Not amendable Rule 69 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
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Rule 70 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 71 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has once been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 72 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another This motion cannot be renewed or made a second time to the same measure on the same day
Rule 73 The motion to postpone to a day certain cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but only to the whole measure It is amendable by substituting one day or time for another If a day proposed is known to be beyond the limits of the Session the motion shall be treated as one to indefinitely postpone
MOTION TO COMMIT
Rule 74 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee
When cannot be applied
Not renewed
Debate when and how allowed
Motion to commit
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Precedence of
When debatable
How
amended
Motion to recommit
Amendments how made
Bill first perfected then the substitute
Eule 75 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on
Rule 76 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Eule 77 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the Senator making the motion
Eule 78 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTION TO AMEND
Eule 79 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2nd By striking out words
3rd By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in ail three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment Any irrelevant amendment or amendment obviously offered for the purpose of delay shall be ruled out of order by the President
Rule 80 When a bill or resolution is before the Senate for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the Senate to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative
44
the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 81 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the Senate unless said action of the Senate in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Rule 82 All motions to amend any matter before the Senate must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 83 On all questions whether in committee or in the Senate the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 84 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 85 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Rule 86 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the Senate shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Secretary in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Secretary without any motion being made in the Senate and when a section or resolution
When too late to amend
Must be in writing
Priority
Blanks
Caption
when
amended
Amending by sections
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Amendments by striking out and inserting
Priority of amendment to perfect
Amending
House
amendments
See Rule 130
Priority
Priority of questions on House amendments
shall have been considered it is not in order to recur back and amend it
Rule 87 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Secretary shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally th whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 88 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a paragraph any amendment offered to perfect the paragraph shall be put first before the question it put for striking it out
Rule 89 When any bill or resolution which originated in the Senate has been amended in the House and is before the Senate for action on the House amendment an amendment may be offered in the Senate to the House amendment hut the Senate amendment to the House amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 90 A motion to amend an amendment made by the House to a Senate bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Rule 91 The questions which arise before the Senate respecting amendments by the House to a Senate bill or resolution are
1st A motion to agree to the House amendment
2d A motion to disagree to the House amendment
3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order
46
r A RESOLUTION
Rule 91A In order to adopt a House Amendment to a Senate Bill or Resolution and in order to adopt a res1 port of a Conference Committee the said Amendment or
1 Conference Committee report must receive a majority
i vote of the entire membership of the Senate Any rule
e conflicting with the provision of this rule is hereby
repealed
RECONSIDERATION
y
Rule 92 When the Journal of the preceding day I shall be read it shall be in the power of any Senator to move for reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter that has been previously reconsidered provided such Senator shall notify the
i j Senate of his intention to move such reconsideration
e at any time before the Journal is confirmed
Rule 93 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall t not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within
I which it might originally have been made
Rule 94 No matter shall be reconsidered more e than once
is Rule 95 Motions for reconsideration shall be in
d order immediately after the time for unanimous con
sents on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be q reconsidered on the sucgeeding day shall be in order
for reconsideration on the day of said action Provided a motion to reconsider the action of the Senate ordering immediate transmission of any bill or resot lution to the House shall be made and disposed of
r before the transaction of other business
Rule 96 The action of the Senate upon an amendr ment may be reconsidered at any time before final
action upon the section bill or resolution to which r it relates
Rule 97 All bills reconsidered shall take their place
House Amendment or Conference Committee Report
To Adopt
Motion to reconsider
Shall not be
withdrawn
when
When there may be one reconsideration
When in order
Amendments when reconsidered
Place on calendar
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Morning
rollcall
dispensed
with by
majority
vote
Names of absentees noted
Sergeantatarms Power to compel attendance
Call how ordered
Subsequent
proceedings
at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
ABSENTEES
Buie 98 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the Senate shall not be dispensed with except by a majority vote of the Senators present
Buie 99 Upon the call of the Senators ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Secretary and shall appear upon the Journal
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Buie 100 The power to compel the attendance of Senators in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the President and to this end he may have the doors of the Senate closed When the doors are so closed no Senator shall be allowed to retire from the Senate without first obtaining leave from the Senate
The Messenger of the Senate ishall be exofficio SergeantatArmsi of the Senate and on order of the President may arrest any absentees and bring them before the Senate when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OE THE SENATE
Buie 101 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present or when the President shall officially state the fact to the Senate it shall be in order for any Senator to make a motion for a call of the Senate and when this motion is made the President shall state the question as follows Shall the motion
for the call of the Senate prevail and if five of the Senators present shall vote in the affirmative the President shall order the Secretary to call the roll
48
of Senators and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by order of the majority of the Senators present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the Senate shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 102 When a message is sent to the Senate it shall be announced at the door of the Senate by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 103 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce vote is being taken A message shall be presented to the Senate by the President when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business on which the Senate is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the Senate
Rule 104 After a motion is stated by the President or read by the Secretary it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Senate but may be withdrawn at any time before decision by consent of the Senate
Rule 105 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner
Messages
Messages when received and considered
Motions
Petitions
memorials
etc
49
No debate
Motions not privileged
Record
Not necessary to second motion
Committees how and when enlarged
Privileges of the floor
memoralist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then he referred without reading
Rule 106 Any motion to suspend the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate
Rule 107 Any motion not privileged containing new matters shall lie at least one day on the table
Rule 108 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Secretary shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Rule 109 Where a motion is made by any Senator it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the Senate
Rule 110 After the announcement of the standing committees no other Senators shall be placed thereon unless it be at the request of a majority of the committee to be added thereto except when Senators have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the President may assign said Senators to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 111 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the Senate except the Senators and officers of the Senate the officers and members of the House the President of the United States and Cabinet members the Governor of the State and the heads of the offices of the Executive Department exGovernors Judges of the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals in actual commission expresiding officers of the Senate and House members of Congress from Georgia Governors and members of the
50
Legislature of any State of the United States members of the press actually reporting legislative proceedings and such others as the Senate may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor but the privilege of the floor shall be extended to no person for a period longer than two days and not more than twice during any session
Rule 112 It shall be the duty of the committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the Senate that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Secretary
Rule 113 The hours of the morning sessions of the Senate shall be from 10 oclock A M to one oclock P M when the Senate shall stand adjourned until ten oclock A M of the next succeeding day Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 114 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
Rule 115 All writs warrants supoenas issued by order of the Senate shall be signed by the President and attested by the Secretary
Rule 116 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the Senate while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the President and to execute the demands of the Senate from time to time together with all such processesj issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the President
Rule 117 The Messenger under the direction of the Secretary shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the
Duty of Committee on Journals
Adjourn
ment
Motion for yeas and nays not dabatable
Signature of President and Secretary
Duty of Messenger
Messengers duty in distributing documents etc
51
members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Interlineation forbidden Eule 118 No committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendments recommended on separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendments relate
Pairing Eule 119 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Committee of Conference Eule 120 Whenever any Senator moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the President shall appoint a committee on the part of the Senate and in such case the committee shall consist only of such Senators as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the Senate and if by inadvertence any Senator be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the Senate and be excused by the President
Amend ments Eule 121 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the Senate it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the Senate but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Free debate Eule 122 No Senator shall after debating any question and before yielding the floor be allowed to submit any motion the effect of which shall be to prevent further debate
52
Motion
Rule 123 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment If a motion be made to strike out a part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend the part proposed to be stricken out shall be first on order
Rule 124 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
Rule 125 Every motion for information from the Executive dr other Departments shall lie on the table one day unless referred to a committee by vote of the Senate
Rule 126 On the call of the yeas and nays the Secretary shall read the names of the Senators after they have been called and no Senator shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 127 Questions of the privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the Senate collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of Senators individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions Provided that when any matter is pending before the Senate no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question is disposed of
Rule 128 In all elections a majority of the Senators present shall be necessary to a choice
53
Majority and minority reports
What motions lie on table
Changing
votes
Questions of privilege
Elections

Appropriating money yeas and nays called and recorded Must originate in House Representatives
Amendment to Constitution entered in full in journals
Caption or title only to be read in local bills
Secretary to take oath and give bond
Oath of enrolling and engrossing Clerks
Rule 129 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays are called and recorded All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money must originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Rule 130 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal and when any amendment to the Constitution shall be agreed to by a twothirds vote of members elected such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on the Journal in full with the yeas and nays taken thereon
Rule 131 The first and second reading of local bills shall consist of the reading of the titles only unless said bill is ordered engrossed
Rule 132 The Secretary and Assistant Secretary shall before entering on their duties as such take an oath before their presiding officer to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge and the Secretary shall enter into bond in the sum of 5000 conditioned for faithful discharge of his duties Said bond to be approved by President of Senate
Rule 133 All engrossing and enrolling clerks before entering upon the discharge of their respective duties shall take an oath before the President of Senate to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge of which a minute shall be made and entered on the Journals and no journalalizing recording enrolling or engross
54
ing clerk shall be appointed by the Secretary of Senate until such clerk has been examined by the Enrolling Committee and certified to be competent and well qualified for the discharge of the duties required of him and shall be removed at any time upon recommendation of the Enrolling Committee
Eule 134 When there is a meeting of both branches of the General Assembly in joint session the Secretary shall enter in the journal of the Senate the proceedings of the same
COMMITTEES
Eule 135 The President shall appoint the following standing committees
Committee on Academy for the Blind
Committee on Agriculture
Committee on Amendments to Constitution
Committee on Appropriations
Committee on Auditing
Committee on Aviation
Committee on Banks and Banking
Committee on Commerce
Committee on Congressional and Legislative Eeapportionment
Committee on Conservation
Committee on Corporations
Committee on Counties and County Matters
Committee on Drainage
Committee on Education and Public Schools No 1
Committee on Education and Public Schools No 2
Committee on Engrossing
Committee on Enrollment
Committee on Finance
Committee on Game and Fish
Committee on General Judiciary Number One
Committee on General Judiciary Number Two
Must be examined by enrolling committee and be
recommended by it as competent
Secretary must enter on journals proceedings of joint sessions
55
Committee on Halls and Rooms
Committee on Highways and Public Roads Committee on Historical Research
Committee on Hygiene and Sanitation
Committee on Industrial Relations
Committee on Insurance
Committee on Interstate Cooperative Council of State Government
Committee on Internal Improvements
Committee on Journals
Committee on Manufactures
Committee on Military Affairs
Committee on Mines and Mining
Committee on Motor Vehicles
Committee on Municipal Government
Committee on Penitentiary
Committee on Pensions
Committee on Privileges and Elections
Committee on Privileges of the Floor
Committee on Public Library
Committee on Public Printing
Committee on Public Property
Committee on Public Utilities
Committee on Public Welfare
Committee on Rules
Committee on School for the Deaf
Committee on Special JlidlSiary
Committee on State of the Republic
Committee on State Sanitarium
Committee on Temperance
Committee on Training Schools
Committee on Tuberculosis Sanitarium at Alto Committee on Uniform Laws
Committee on University System of Georgia Committee on Western and Atlantic Railroad
The Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Com mittee on Appropriations shall be exofficio mem
56
bers of the Committee on Finance and the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Finance shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 136 The following shall be the order of business
1 Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of Committee on Journals
4 Notices of motions to reconsider
5 Reading the Journal
6 Motions to reconsider
7 Confirmations of the Journal
8 Unanimous consents
9 Reports of Standing Committees
10 Reports of Select Committees
11 Messages from the Governor
12 Unfinished business
13 Special Orders and Orders of the Day
14 Messages from the House of Representatives
15 Introduction of bills etc the first time on Mondays Wednesdays and Thursdays
16 Reading House Bills etc the first time for reference
17 Reading bills etc second time favorably reported from committees
U8 Consideration of bills etc adversely reported on Tuesdays and Fridays
19 Reading for third time of bills etc ready for passage
20 Motions resolutions and petitions
57
Rule 137 The report of the Committee on Rules shall be in order at any time and messages from the Governor or from the House of Representatives may be received under any order of business
Rule 138 No change of or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition be submitted in writing and referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the Senate
Rule 139 The rules of the Senate shall in no case be suspended or changed or the order of business changed except by a twothirds vote a quorum of the Senate being present and voting
Rule 140 The Auditing Committee before auditing the account of any Senator for expenses as a Committeeman or incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of the Senate shall require of him an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item whenever the same is practicable
Rule 141 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
58
CONSTITUTIONAL EULES
Buie 142 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4
Eule 143 Each Senator and Eepresentative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
Eule 144 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14
Eule 145 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6
Eule 146 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12
Eule 147 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21
What is a quorum Compelling attendance
Oath of members
Majority required to pass bill
Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members
Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays
Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays
59
Revenue bills
Reading of bills
One subject matter etc
An amendment to laws and sections of Code
General laws how varied
Consent and when required
Rule 148 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third reading of local bills must be full and complete
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5
Rule 149 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10
Rule 150 No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8
Rule 151 No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17
Rule 152 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case fol which provisions have been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
60
Rule 153 The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
Rule 154 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Rule 155 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriation fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall he made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9
Rule 156 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24
Rule 157 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the
Corpora
tions
Power delegated to courts
Relief of recognizance
What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appropriations by separate bills
Adjourn
ments
Elections
61
Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1
Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote Rule 158 Ho hill or ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13
January session limited to ten days Rule 159 The General Assembly shall meet on the second Monday in January 1933 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the day shall be changed by law Such session shall continue no longer than ten 10 days
Regular Session limited to sixty days The General Assembly shall reconvene in regular session on the second Monday after the 4th of July 1933 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the date shall be changed by law Ho such regular session shall continue longer than sixty 60 days
Elections disorderly conduct Rule 160 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have the power to punish them for disorderly
Expulsion by twothirds vote behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1
Signature of Governor when required Rule 161 Ho provision of this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for j
62
the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23
Pule 162 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws hut twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16
Pule 163 Every note resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 17
Pule 164 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4
Rule 165 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment
Governors
veto
Effect of twothirds vote thereon
When Governor must approve
Effect of
twothirds
vote
Twothirds vote required
Twothirds vote required on amendments to Constitution
63
Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called
Salaries of judges
or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall canse such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
Eule 166 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2
Eule 167 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries not to exceed four thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Court shall have salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office
64
The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such changes shall affect the officers then in commission
Art 6 Sec 13 Pars 1 and 2
Eule 168 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed
May be changed by a twothirds vote
Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same
FOR THE
RULES
GOVERNMENT OF THE SENATE IN EXECUTIVE SESSION
1 When nominations shall be made by the Governor to the Senate a future day shall be assigned for their consideration unless the Senate directs otherwise
2 When acting on executive business the Senate shall he cleared of all persons except the Senators the Secretary and Assistant Secretary
3 All information or remarks touching or concerning the character or qualifications of any person nominated by the Governor for office shall be kept secret
4 The Legislative and Executive proceedings of the Senate shall be kept in separate and distinct hooks except that a copy of the message transmiting information of definite action on appointments of the Governor shall be placed in the regular Journals of the Senate
5 All nominations approved by the Senate or otherwise definitely acted on shall be transmitted by the Secretary to the Governor with the determination of the Senate thereon from day to day as such proceedings may occur but no further extract from the Executive Journal shall be furnished published or otherwise communicated except as provided in Rule 4 during any session except by special order of the Senate and in transmitting the determination of the Senate thereon the Secretary shall in no instance furnish a list of the names of Senators voting in the affirmative or negative but only the fact of confirmation or rejection and the numerical
66
vote and the record of votes shall be sealed and transmitted to the Secretary of States office there to be placed on file
6 A majority of a quorum shall be necessary to confirm the nomination to any office made by the Governor and sent to the Senate for approval When nominations are made by the Governor for any office which require the assent and approval of the Senate in executive session after the Secretary shall read the name of the party nominated and the position to which he is appointed the President shall put to the Senate the following Shall the nomination of the Governor be confirmed by the Senate Those who favor the confirmation will as your names are called vote Aye those opposed vote No After the roll is called the President will announce the result of the ballot and declare the result as follows It appears from the vote that a majority of the Senators have voted to confirm the appointment made by the Governor the same is hereby confirmed by the Senate or A majority of the Senators have voted against the confirmation of the nomination made by the Governor it is therefore rejected by the Senate
7 No Senator will be at liberty at any time or under any circumstances to expose or publish anything transpiring in executive session except only such matters as are required to be disclosed under the rules It is the intent and meaning of this rule that the business transacted in executive session shall be sacred and free from exposure to the outside world and that every Senator shall be on his honor concerning the same
67
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN ASSEMBLED IN JOINT SESSION
1 The time of the meeting of the two houses in joint session shall be determined by the concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law
2 The elections shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
3 The votes are to be taken for but one election at the same time and a majority of the whole number of votes cast is necessary to a choice
4 The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet in joint session in the hall of the House of Representatives on the first Monday of every session at 10 oclock a m or at such time as may be fixed by joint resolution of both houses for the purpose of electing such officers of said State as are now or may hereafter he required to be elected by the General Assembly Said joint session shall continue in morning and afternoon sessions from day to day until all of said officers are elected
5 At the hour determined by the concurrent resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives
68
6 The President of the Senate shall preside and announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening the same He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may be taken from any of his decisions to the whole General Assembly
7 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate
8 In announcing a candidate the mover shall not make any commendatory or other remarks
9 After a person is nominated for any office in joint session of the General Assembly it shall not be in order to second such nomination and when the nomination is declared closed the President shall forthwith order the rollcall and each member when called shall rise in his seat and respond promptly announcing distinctly his choice for such office
10 In the elections by the General Assembly no member after having voted shall be allowed to change his vote unless he will rise and state in his place that he voted by mistake or that his vote has been recorded by mistake
11 Ho debate shall be in order except as to questions of order
12 Ho motion to adjourn shall be in order In lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in the form That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved or That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence of the former
69
13 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall always be in order except that after the all of the roll has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate
14 When a motion to dissolve the joint session shall be decided in the negative the same shall not again be in order until other business shall have intervened
15 When a motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or to a fixed time shall be decided in the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber
16 The majority of each house shall be necessary to constitute a quorum of the joint session
17 These rules may be amended by the concurrent resolution of the two houses and they or either of them shall cease to be in force when either house shall notify the other house of the withdrawal of its consent to the same
M
70
INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF Senate o Georgia
ABSENTEES Rule No
Arrest of whenI mn 101
Gall of Senate 101
Names recorded in Journal 99
Roll Call dispensed with when V 98
Secretary duty as to Absentees IU 99
ADJOURN MOTION TO
Amendable not vL 47
Debatable notk k 47
Definite time debatable wheni 48
Definite time Amendable when 48
Division not in order duringLfj 50
Effect when motion prevails 51
Main Question Ordered not in order 50 59
Precedence of ri 46 49
Previous Question motion for sustained motion to adjourn
in order L c 50 59
Shall not be made second time when47
When in order 47 49 50 59
When not in order y 50 59
Yeas and Nays beings called not in order 50
ADJOURNMENT
Constitutional time limit 113
Courtesy to President at 22
Effect when hour of arrives while Senate is acting under
previous question rr52 59
Effect when hour of arrives while vote is being taken by
Yeas and Nays 52
Hour of Fixed by Senatem 113
ADVERSE REPORT
Bills and Resolutions adversely reported taken up when 38
Debate on T 60
Effect of on bills 38
Second Reading after when p 38
71
AMENDMENTS Rule No
Adjourn motion to not amendable1 47
Adjourn to definite time amendable when 48
Applicable to Amendments 79
Amendments to Amendments not amendable 79
Bills and Resolutions amended by sections 79 86
Bills and Resolutions perfected before substitute 80
Bills and Resolutions perfected before caption 85
Blanks must be filled in before 84
By Committee 118
Commit motion to amendable how 77
Committee Amendments take precedence 121
Committee shall not deface or interline bill but report
amendments on separate paper 118
Caption not considered until Bill perfected 85
Engrossment Effect of 37
General Appropriations Bill Senate may amend 129
General Tax Bill Senate may amend 129
Germane must be S 123
House Amendments to S Bi1 8991
House Amendments to S B may be amended 89
House Amendments to S B Priority of motion to amend 90
House Amendments to S B Priority of Questions on 91
House Amendments to S B Senate Amendment to not
subject to amendment 89
Priority of X 83 88121123
Priority of to perfect part proposed to be stricken 88123
Priority of on passage of bill 121
Precedence of motion to amend 46
Postpone indefinitely motion to not amendable 69
Postpone definitely amendable 73
Reconsideration of when 96
Report of by committee l H8
Report of Committee agreed to amendments afteru 81
Requirements of motion to amend 82
Secretary duty of when amendments made to bill and
resolutions by sections 86
Secretary duty of in amending by inserting and striking
out i r 87
Strike out motion to part to be stricken considered first 123
Section by 86
Table amendments motion to not in order 53
Table motion to lay on or take from not amendable 56
Ways of making 9
When too late1 81 86
When made bill being considered by sections 86
Writing motion to amend must be in 82
72
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION Rule No
Journal proposed recorded in X30
Yeas and Nays recorded on1 jgQ
Majority required 1 3q
APPEALS
From Presidents decision 9
Member called to Order may appeal 15
No debate on appeals of personal character8
Time of making i q
APPLAUSE
Prohibited in Galleries or Senate Chamber 26
APPROPRIATIONS
General Bill right of way 3g
House must originate 29
Senate may amend appropriation bill 9
Yeas and Nays requiredr 9
ATTENDANCE
Arrest of senators for nonattendance 100101
Call of Senate qq
Messengers duty as toLj iqo
Power to compel lOo lOl
President duty as toI xoo 101
AUDITING COMMITTEE
Accounts of members duty as to 40
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Adverse Committee report on 33
Amendments to 1 9
Amendments to passed on before caption or preamble
considered gg
Amendments Bill perfected first g0
Amendments to too late 8186
Amendments by sections 1 g6
Amendments to when too late bill being considered by sections gg
Amendments to by striking and inserting 87
Amendments by committees how reported118
Bills perfected before substitutes gQ
Caption not considered until bill perfected 85
Committee amendments take precedence X21
Committee amendments how reported jx8
73
Rule No
Committee reports on precedence of 41
Committee Report on effect of disposal oft 38 39
Committee Report favorable effect of 38 60
Committee Report unfavorable effect of 38 60
Commit motion toji46 74 77
Commitment to Committees 37
Debate none on first reading 37
Deface or interline no committee shall 11
Disagreement to favorable committee report effect of 39
Engrossment effect of 37
Entries on to be made by secretary 37
Form xi3 43
First Reading no debate 37
General Appropriations bill takes precedence 35
General bills not placed for passage out of order by
unanimous consent 40
General Tax Bill tqke precedenceaT 35
Intermediate transmission to house 44
Local Bills effect of engrossment4 131
Local Bills First and Second Reading 131
Local Bills third reading and placement for passage by
unanimous consent 40
Precedence of
President duty to commit44 f
Printing of i 43
Reading of by unanimous consent 40
Recommit motion to78
Art
Requirements of
Reported by committee bill may be amended before report
agreed to
Reconsideration g 9297
Reconsideration effect ofr 97
Second Reading after adverse committee report 38
Secretary duty of in amending by striking and inserting 87
Secretary state author and number of when reading 35
Secretary to call in order on calendar 35
Special committee motion to commit to 74 75
Strike out motion to part to be stricken considered first 123 Unanimous consent for reading or consideration 40
Withdrawal of 38
Substitute Bill perfected before
CALL OF THE SENATE
12
Contempt on
When in order 12101
When main question ordered 66
74
CAPTION Rule No
Not considered until bill perfected og 85
CHANGE OF VOTES
How and when 126
COMMITTEES
Amendments by how reported 118
Amendments by takes precedence 121
Appointment of 4135
Appropriations exofficio members of 135
Bills not to be interlined or defaced by 118
Chairmen Appropriations and Finance exofficio members 135
Change after announcement1 110
Commit to motion to i St 7478
Conference how and when constituted y 120
Enlarged how 2 110
Exofficio members of1135
Finance exofficio members of 135
President appoint M 4135
President exofficio member of rules committee 135
Reports order of precedence 41
Recommit to motion to 78
Senators elected to fill vacancies committee assignments 110 Standing committees 135
COMMIT MOTION TO
Amended how 77
Applicable to what 74
Debate simple motion not debatable 76
Debate motion to commit with instructions debatable 76
Precedence among other motions 46
Precedence among motions to commit 75
Special Committee to 74 75
Standing committee to takes precedenceJp 75
Recommit motion to 78
CONTEMPT
By Outsiders 11
By Senators 12101
On Call of the Senate 12101
CONVERSATION
Prohibited in Senate chamber 24
Presidents right to suppressL 1
Senators refrain from wheniS 17
75
DEBATE Rule No
Adjourn motion to not debatable 47
Adjourn to definite time motion to debatable 48
Adverse report debate on 60
Appeals from chair of personal character not debatable 8
Bill or resolution no debate on first reading 37
Breach of order in debate 15
Change order of business motion to not debatable 106
Commit motion to not debatable 76
Commit with instructions motion to debatable 76
Committee matters reference to out of order ini 23
Conduct of Senators in 15 21 22 23
Conversation reference to out of order in 23
Excuse from voting motion to not debatable 31
First reading of bill or resolution no debate 37
House happenings reference to out of order in 23
Incidental matters after motion for previous question
sustained decided without debate 67
Interrogation of speakers thru president 21
Limitation of speeches 15
Minority report debate onU 64
Nondebatable motion not in order whenr 32122
Postpone definitely motion to debate limited 72
Postpone indefinitely motion to debatable 69
Previous Question motion for not debatable 59
Previous Question motion for decided affirmatively
debate limited 60 64
Previous Question motion for incidental questions decided
without debate r 67
Priority of Business decided by President without debate 14
Reading of papers question of decided without debate 30
Roll Call no debate during 27
Suspend Rules motion to not debatable 106
Yeas and Nays motion for decided without debate 114
Yeas and Nays no debate during1 27
DISPARAGING REMARKS
Prohibited on Nominations25
DIVISION OF SENATE
After main question ordered 61
Call for 1 C 61
Excuse for voting motion to must be before 31
Senator may ask for661
76
DIVISION OF QUESTION Rule No
Duty of member asking 34
Right to call for 33
What divisible 33 34
ENGROSSMENT
Effect of 317
ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE
Clerks examine and approve 433
Clerks recommend removal of 133
EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN
Procedure for taking ig
EXECUTIVE SESSION
Reference to Special Rules
Cleared Senate Chamber cleared of all persons except
senators secretary and assistant secretary 2
Journal message informing governor of action on nominees record in regular journal 4
Journal separate journal for executive sessions 4
Journal secret1 3 5 7
Governor informed of action on nominess by secretary 4 5
Nomination majority necessary to confirm 6
Nomination how put g
Nomination when considered 4 g
Nominees discussion of secret 3 5 7
Nominees secretary inform governor of action on 5
Proceedings kept in separate book from legislative
proceedings 4
Proceedings kept secret 1 3 5 7
Procedure 2 6
Remarks of Senators kept secret 3
Secretary and assistant in senate during session 2
Secretary duty as to journal 4 5
Secretary inform governor of action on nominees5
Secrecy required 2 3 5 7
Senate chamber cleared of all persons except senators
secretary and assistant secretary during session 2
Senators shall not disclose proceedings or happenings
of session 3 7
Votes on nominations kept secret 5
Votes record of sealed and filed with Secretary of State 5
Votes result only announced 5
77
EXPLANATION OF VOTES When and time allowed
Rule No 29
EXPULSION OF MEMBERS
15
When and how
DOORKEEPER
Clear lobbies and galleries whenj 1
Messages duty in receiving 102
Suspension ofi
GALLERIES
Applause or hisses prohibited
President may clearr
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Minutes of joint sessions of kept in Senate Journal
GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS BILLS
Precedence of r
Senate may amend onlyL
GENERAL TAX BILL
Precedence ofSenate may amend only
GOVERNOR
Entitled to privileges of the Floor H1
HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT
Effect of arrival of52 59
Effect of arrival of when Senate acting under previous
j 52 59
question
Effect of arrival of vote being taken by yeas and nays oZ
Fixed by Senate
Provided 2 r
IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO THE HOUSE
Majority vote necessary for 44
Reconsideration of motion for
When ordered
78
JOINT SESSION
RULES OF GENERAL ASSEMBLY IN JOINT SESSION References to Special Rules
Adjourn motion to see motion to dissolve Rule No
Appeals from decisions of chair 6
Change of vote when allowedrgj 10
Commendatory remarks prohibited 8
Elections by 4 910
Elections change of vote on V 10
Elections majority for 5 3
Elections only one at time 3
Elections record of vote kept in House Journal 2
Elections vote how taken 1v 2 3 9
Elections iwhere held 2
Debate no debate except on points of order11
Dissolve motion to not in order after roll call commenced 13
Dissolve motion to effect of when prevailing 15
Dissolve motion to and reconvene at definite time
takes precedence 13
Dissolve motion to definite and indefinite i 12
Dissolve motion to when in order 13
Dissolve motion to when lost in order again when14
Journal of House contain record of vote on elections2
Majority necessary for election v 3
Nominations no commendatory remarks by member making 8
Nominations no second of in orderi a 9
Nominations roll call on fi 9
Order points of debatable r n
Presiding Officer President of Senate 2 6
Presiding Officer duties of 6 915
Place of meeting i 2 5
Procedure 6
Quorum 16
Roll Call on elections 9
Roll Commenced motion to dissolve not in order 13
Rules how changed 17
Rules consent of both houses to necessary 17
Senate repair to Hall of House of RepresentativesL 5
Senate return to Senate Chamber on dissolution15
Sessions continue how long 413
Speaker of House sit at left of president of Senate 7
State officers election o M J 4
Time of meeting 1 4
Voting 2 3 9
Vote change of y 110
79
JOURNAL Rule No
Absentees Contain names of 99
Appropriations motion for yeas and nays recorded on 129
Committee on duty to read 112
Constitutional amendments recorded inT 130
Constitutional amendments yeas and nays recorded on 130
Constitution requires twothirds majority for passage of
bill or Tesolution yeas and nays shall be recorded 130
General Assembly minutes kept in Senate 134
Oaths minutes of oaths kept in 133
Protest of Senators entry in
Reconsideration of matters in
Senators not voting on yeas and nays names entered in
20
92
108
LAUDATORY REMARKS Prohibited
LOCAL BILLS
Engrossment effect ofFirst and Second reading
Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent
MAIN QUESTION
Adjourn motion to not in order after main question
ordered
Call of Senate after ordered
Call of Senate after main question ordered
25
131
131
40
50 59 66 66
Debate time allowed for majority after main question
ordered
Debate time allowed minority after main question ordered 64 Debate time allowed author after main question ordered64 6667
Division of Senate
Effect of when order
Reconsideration of ordering
63
Table motion to not in order after main question ordered 58 59
Vote how taken when ordered
61
MAJORITY Q
Change rules or order of business necessary to 4b idy
Election necessaryfor
MEMORIALS
Presentment and consideration 15
MINORITY REPORTS
Debate on 1 64
Minority may make reports how1 124
80
MESSAGES Rule No
Consideration of Jr 03
How sent received announced and considered31 102
Received from the Governor or House at any timeag 137
When Received i v193 igy
MESSENGER
Arrest senators power to on order of president100101
Clear galleries and lobbies when n
Duty of on call of Senate 194
ExOfficio SergeantatArms 100
General duties v 116 117
Suspension of g 49
MOTIONS
Information for from executive department lie on
table one day 125
Germane motion to amend must be V 433
l Nondebatable not in order when 32 122
One at time onlyvy
Order of business motion to change not debatable 106
Order of business motion to change vote necessary 45139
Order of priority 4
Privilege question of take precedencei 127
Reading by secretary effect of 104
Read papers motion to not debatable v 30
Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 139
Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted 138
Seconding not required i 109
Senator resume seat while motion is being put 28
Special Orders motion to make how submitted 36
Statement of by chair effect of 194
Strike out motion to part to be striken considered first 123
Unprivileged containing new matter lie on table one day 107 Withdrawal of 104
NEW MATTERS
Information from executive department motion for lie on
table one day A 125
Unprivileged motion containing lie on table one day 107
Unanimous consent for 1 IX X 49
NOMINATIONS
Disparaging remarks prohibited inr 25
Laudatory Remarks prohibited in 25
81
OATHS Rule No
Assistant Secretary 132
Clerks ip 133
Entered in JournalgA1 133
Secretarys 132
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Established 136
Majority necessary to change order fixed by rules committee 45
Majority necessary to change order1 139
Motion to change not debatable 196
Priority of decided by president without debateT14 Rules committee fix during last fifteen days of session 45 Special orders motion for how submitted 36
PAIRING
Not recognized H
PARLIAMENTARY LAW
Applicable when J 141
PETITIONS
Presentment and consideration 105
PREAMBLE
Not considered until bill or resolution perfectedA 85
POSTPONE TO DEFINITE DAY MOTION TO
Applicable to what 73
Amendments subject to 73
Debate limited 72
Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 73
Precedence of g 46 70
Renewal when lost cannot be made again the same day 72
POSTPONE INDEFINITELY MOTION TO
Applicable to whatr 70
Amendments not subject to 99
Debate subject topr 99
Effect when motion prevailsjj 68
Impossible motion to postpone to impossible
day treated how 73
Precedence of 46 70
Renewal when lost motion cannot be again made
on same matter 71
82
PRESIDENT rj S
Rule No
Absence of president pro tem preside 7
Adjournment Senators remain until president retires 22
Appeals from decisions of 8 9 15
Arrest president may order of persons
disturbing senate 11
Arrest Senators power to order when absent100101
Attendance power to compel I 100 101
Business priority of decided by
Call of Senate power and duty on 12 13 101
Committees appointed by 4 4gg
Commitment of bills and resolutions on first reading 37
Courtesy due by Senators to at adjournment 22
Conference Committee appointed byI 420
Division may order g
Galleries power to clear ji
Interrogation of senators thru 21
Irrevelant debate power to suspendp j
Lobbies power to clear i
Method of stating question 5
Messages duty on receiving 03
No quorum voting duty of president 1213
Recognition of Senators decided by i 3
Rules committee exofficio chairman of 135
Signs all writs warrants etc of Senate 115
Silence power to command 4
Senator may name to preside g
Senator may call to order for breach of rules y 15
Senators elected after committees appointed
president may appoint to committees no
Standing Committees appointment of135
Suspension of officers byfcfopM 10
Vote president required to when 2
Vacant chairmanships power to fill fT a no
PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE
Absence of president and president pro tempore secretary
shall call election of president pro temporerg 7
Duties of 7
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Adjournment effect of arrival of hour of
Senate acting under 52
Adjourn motion to after motion for previous
question sustained itjSm 50 59
Affirmative vote on effect of59 60 64 67
Applicable to what1 1 05
Call of Senate after previous question ordered 66
83

Rule No
Debate regulated previous question decided affirmatively
Debate motion for not subject to
Exhausted before matters excepted to decided
Incidental questions arising after previous question
ordered decided without debate
Precedence of motion for
Reconsideration f
Table motion to after motion for previous question
sustained ps
PRIVILEGE
Motion without to lie on table
Personal
Question of what constitute 1
Questions of take precedence
PRIVILEGE OF THE FLOOR
When extended to visitors l
Who entitled toW
PRINTING OF BILLS
When ordered j
PROTESTS OF SENATORS
Procedure for
6064 59 16
67
4659 63
5859
QUORUM
Call of Senate no quorum voting 101
No quorum voting duty of president 12 13101
No quorum voting president may order yeas and nays 13
84
Rule No
Intervening days effect of 95
Main question ordering of may be reconsidered 63
Main question ordering of may be reconsidered only once 63
Notice required 93
One time no matter reconsidered but 94
Previous question reconsideration ofJI 63
When and how asked 92 95
When motion for is in order 92
REMONSTRANCES
Presentment and Consideration 105
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
Amendments after agreement to581
Disagreement to effect of 39
Favorable report effect of 38
Form of 124
Minority reports j 124
Procedure afteri 38 39
Precedence of 1 41
Reconsideration of action on1 39
Unfavorable report 38
Writing must be in 124
RULES
Change proposal to must be submitted in writing and
referred to Rules committee 138
Majority necessary to changeJ 139
Special orders motion to make how submitted 36
Suspend motion to not debatableI 109
Suspended how1106138136
RULES COMMITTEE
Change in rules all proposals for submitted to 138
Order of business for last fifteen days fixed by 45
Report of in order at any time 137
Special orders must be reported on by 36
SECRETARY
Absence of president and president pro tern call election
for president pro tem 7
Absentees note name of 99
Amending bills by sections duty of in 86
85
Rule No
Amending bills by striking and inserting duty of in 87
Attest all writs warrants etc of Senate1 115
Bills and Resolutions called in order by from calendar 35
Bills and Resolutions Engrossed Entries on to be made by 37 Bills and Resolutions state number and author of
in calling 35
Bond of 132
Clerks appointment of 133
General assembly joint session keep minutes of 134
Journal duty to enter names of Senators not voting
on yeas and nays 108
Oathf1f 132
SENATORS
Adjournment duty of at
22
Accounts of duty of auditing committee as to 140
26
101
15
17
22
15
Applause prohibited
Arrest power of president to order100101
Attendance power of president to compelT100101
Call of Senate may ask
Called to order for transgression of rules
Committee assignments when elected after organization
of Senate completedS HO
Conduct in debateT151718212326 32
Contempt of the Senate 2
Conversation refrain from
Courtesy owed Senator speaking
Debate how often speak
Debate reference to private conversations committee
or house happenings prohibitd in 23
Decorum of 1517192126
Division of Question may ask for 33
Division of Question duty of Senator asking for 34
Division of Senate may ask for 5 6
Disparaging Remarks prohibited 25
Exceptions to words spoken
Expulsion of
Interrogation of thru president
Laudatory remarks prohibited
Messenger duty of to
Motion make only one at time
15
21
25
117
28
28
Motion must resume seat while motion being put
Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when 32122
Not voting names of entered in Journal 108
86
Rule No
Pairing of not recognized 119
Personal Privilege 127
Preside president may designate Senators to 6
Protest of Senate action by 20
Reading of Papers call for 30
Recognition order of decided by president 3
Retire when required to 19
Retire not allowed to when 12100
Senators refer to Senators by districts and not by name 18
Special Orders request fory 36
Stationery messenger shall supply 17
Unanimous consent right to ask for 4 40
Vote changing how and when 126
Vote Explanation of 29
Vote shall not when interested 19
Vote refusal to on call of Senate 12
Voting motion to excuse from y 31
Yeas and Nays call for 61
SERGEANTATARMS
Duty of on Call of the Senate101
Messenger exofficio 100
SIGNATURE OF PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY
When required 115
SILENCE
Senators preserve r 1 17
SMOKING
Prohibited Si 24
SPECIAL COMMITTEE
Priority of Motion to commit tog 74 75
SPECIAL ORDER
How obtained 36
SUBSTITUTE
Bill perfected before 80
Table motion to not in order 53
SUSPENSION OF RULES
How accomplished 10fi 138139
TABLE MOTION TO
Amendment motion to table not in order 53
Amendment motion to table or take from table not
subject to 56
Applicable to what 57
Debate motion to table or fake from table not subject tol 56
87
Effect when motion to take from table prevails 54
Information from executive department motion for
lie on table one day 125
Motion to take from table in order when 54 55
Main Question ordered motion to table not in order 58 59
Precedence of l 46
Previous question motion for sustained motion to table
in order 58 59
Renewal of motion to table or take from table 55
Substitute not subject to 53
Unprivileged motion containing new matter lie on
table one day1 107
When in order motion to table and take from table 55 58
TWOTHIRDS VOTE WHEN NECESSARY
Constitution Amendment 130
Expulsion of Senators 15
Yeas and Nays recorded when constitution requiresJ 130
UNANIMOUS CONSENT
Explanation of vote by 29
Limitation and regulation of 40
Local bills considered by when 40
New matters consideration by 40
No request to extend time of explanation shall be
entertained g29
YEAS ANY NAYS
Adjournment effect of arrival of hour of while vote
being taken by 52
Adjourn motion to not in order during call of 50
Appropriations record of required on all 129
Call for after main question ordered 61
Change vote after call of 126
Constitution requiring twothird vote for passage of
bill yeas and nays shall be recorded 130
Constitution amendment to required and recorded on 130
Debate no debate during call of 27
Debate motion or call for not debatable2 114
Explanation of vote when vote taken by 29
Excuse from voting motion to must be made before
start of 31
Expulsion of Senator vote by 15
Journal show when61129130
Journal show names of Senators not voting onr 108
President may order no quorum voting 1213
Required when 61129130
88
OFFICERS
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1943 AND 1944
ROY V HARRIS of RichmondSpeaker
FRED HAND of MitchellSpeaker Pro Tern
P T McCUTCHEN JR of FultonClerk
JOSEPH M BRANCH of WashingtonChaplain
GEORGE T BAGBY of PauldingMessage Clerk
J C KIMSEY of WhiteCalendar Clerk
W E DIXON II of BibbReading Clerk
A W WHEELESS JR of FultonJournal Clerk
HUGH STRIPLIN of Heard Messenger
MARION TOMS of QuitmanDoorkeeper
89
MEMBERS
OF THE
GEORGIA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED ACCORDING TO NAMES WITH COUNTIES AND POSTOFFICES
FOR THE TERM 19431944
Representative County
Adams WallaceWheeler
Alexander A LeopoldChatham
Allison Marvin AGwinnett
Alwood W E JrJenkins
Anderson J MWayne
Baker Frank L JrFloyd
Bates W BIWare
Battles G D SrDecatur
Barfield LeeBibb
Bargeron Jones JBurke
Bennett J JWare
Bentley J LinwoodUpson
Boone A S Jr Wilkinson
Bowen E LLrPierce
Boynton Claud CUnion
Branch George WTift
Brewton S TEvans
Bridges J OiEarly
Broome W Lt DeKalb
Brunson HokeBulloch
Burnside T ReubenMcDuffie
Burton Geo TLeesi
Bynum T L Rabun
Caldwell H WITroup
Campbell R PNewton
Campbell RobertPolk
Cannon C RRockdale
Cates Frank MHfeLxBurke
Chance H LTwiggsL
Cheshire Robt EColquitt
Clark J HCatoosa
Connell T GuyLowndes
Copland Arthur FMuscogee
Post Office
Glenwood
Savannah
Lawrenceville
Millen
Jesup
Rome
Waycross
Bainbridge
Macon
Sardis
Waycross
Thomaston
Irwinton
Blackshear
Suches
Tifton
Claxton
Blakely
Decatur
Statesboro
Thomson
Smith ville
Clayton
LaGrange
Covington
Cedartown
Conyers
Waynesboro
Danville
Moultrie
Ringgold
Valdosta
Columbus
a
90
Representative County PostOffice
Cowart J GLowndes rx HahiraRPD
Crdmmey Cecil DWilcox Rochelle
Culpepper J WFayetteFayetteville
Curry J MRandolphShellman
Dallis RenderTroupLaGrange
Dalton E MBanksAltoRFD
Daves Dr V CDooly JVienna
Dorsett L Z Douglas T o il gl vi U 0
Dorsey John T Drake John L Cobb Sivminole Marietta
Dukes Harley Bryan Ppmbrokp
Dunn C M Lamar T3 tyi p y 11 p
Dupree J D Pulaski TT flwki ri svil 1 ft
Durden Adie Dougherty Alhqny
Dyal J E Appling Baxlpy
Easier Millard Crawford IRobcrt
Edwards J W Elliott J Robert Taylor Muscogpp Butler Thimbus
Ennis J H Baldwin Milledgeville
Ferguson R WCamden
Fisher W IIJeff Davis
Fortson B W JrWilkes
Foster W A JrPaulding
Fussell W 0Webster
Gardner J DMitchell
Gaskins J HBerrien
Gaston J AvonButts
Gavin Chesterv jClay
Kingsland
Hazelhurst
Washington
Dallas
RichlandRFD Camilla Nashville Jackson Ft Gaines
Gholston Dr W DMadisonDanielsville
Giddens 0 TCalhounLeary
Gilbert J ohn JGlynn Brunswick
Gillis HughjiTreutlenSoperton
Goldberg MyerCowetaNewnan
Gowen Charles LGlynnBrunswick
Graham L WBrooksBarney
Gray W WHoustonUnadillaRFD
Grayson Spence MChathamSavannah
Greene A MJonesjjf Gray
Greene R SMkJEllaville
Guerry Mrs John BMacon Montezuma
Guyton C TEffinghamGuyton
91
Representative County Post Office
Hagan ElliottScrevenSylvania
Hand Fred Mitchell Harden C Z Turner Hardy C E Jackson Harris Roy V Richmond Hart W H Quitman Hart A B Thomas Hartness Cecil Fannin Hatchett J Frank Meriwether Heard Robt M Elbert Hefner J I Pickens Herndon T 0 Hart Hicks M G Floyd Hightower Leeward Spalding Hill Kent Clarke Hill B H Troup Hogg JP Marion Holley W W Richmond Hooks V H Emanuel Horne Wendell Crisp Howard T L Long Hubert H 0 Jr I DeKalb Hurst Eugene P Coweta Jennings T D Sumter Jennings Henry S Terrell Johns J P Brantley Pelham Ashburn Jefferson Augusta Georgetown Thomasville Blue Ridge Greenville Elberton Jasper Hartwell Rome Griffin Athens West Point Buena Vista Augusta Swainsboro Cordele Ludowici Decatur Newnan Americus Dawson WinokurRFD
Johnson E Chattahoochee Cussetta
Johnson W FPikeWilliamson
Johnston Joe L Worth Joiner Mallie Cook Jones P A Grady Kelly Lee F Thomas Kelly E H Walker Kendrick W C Fulton Key W H Jasper Knabb Ralph Charlton Littlejohn A D Floyd Livingston Dr D M Polk Looper Max R Dawson Mabry T F Sumter Malone Linton G Laurens Mankin Helen Douglas Fulton Martin W P Bartow Sylvester Adel Cairo Thomasville St Elmo Tenn Atlanta Monticello Moniac Rome Cedartown Dawsonville Americus Dublin Atlanta Adairsville
92
Representative County Post Office
Mason C R Morgan Madison
Mavity John L Walker Jtossville
Maund J B Talbot Talbotton
McCamy Carlton C Whitfield Dalton
McCracken J Roy Jefferson Louisville
McEntire C D Franklin Carnesville
McIntosh F A McIntosh Eulonia
McNall Frank A Chatham Savannah
Medders J M Bacon Alma
Miller T E Lanier Lakeland
Mills E M1Decatur rWhigham
Mims J BushMillerT Colquitt
Minchew A TLuAtkinson Pearson
Mitchell W BMonroeForsyth
Mixon Oliver KIrwinOcilla
Moate Marvin Hancock Sparta
Moore Joe Raid win Milledgeville
Moore W R Taliaferro Sharon
Nicholson Robert M Oconee Watkins ville
Nicholson Geo Richmond Augusta
Norman A C Henry McDonough
Odom Benton Jr Baker Newton
Ogburn J 0 Laurens Dublin
Oliver A G Tatnall Glennville
Overby H 0 Jr Stewart Richland
Padgett J D Echols Jasper Fla
Pannell Charles A Murray Chatsworth
Park Judge J B Greene Greensboro
Parker C E Walton Monroe
Peck A W Dade Wildwood
Pettit S Luke Bartow Cartersville
Phillips Glenn S Columbia Harlem
Pirkle Taylor Forsyth Cummings
Porter Ford Gordon Calhoun
Powell J J Stephens Toccoa
Price L Olin Jr Clarke Athens
Pruitt J F Lumpkin Dahlonega
Ray Jack B Warren Norwood
Rees L E Lincoln Jjincolnton
Reid Herschel L Carroll Villa Rica
Reynolds W H Clayton Jonesboro
Riddlespurger Wm M Colquitt Moultrie
Riley A C Peach Fort Valley
93
Representative County Post Office
Roper Ed Hall Gainesville
Rossee P C Putnam Eatonton
Roughton W H Washington Sandersville
Rountree J Leonard Emanuel Summitt
Rowland E L Johnson Wrightsville
Russell Epps L White Cleveland
Salter Marion Upson Thomaston
Sharpe T Ross Toombs Lyons
Sheppard Olin Heard FranklinRFD
Sills F H Candler Metter
Smiley C J Liberty Walthourville
Smith Willis Carroll Carrollton
Smith Turner L Dougherty Albany
Smith H Dixon Muscogee Columbus
Smith J C Si Oglethorpe Point PeterRFD
Smith E C Washington Davisboro
Sparks W 0 Jr Towns Hiawassee
Strickland W 0 Haralson Buchanan
Sumner J W Worth Sylvester
Swint A G Spalding Orchard Hill
Thigpen Casey Glascock Gibson
Thomas Ross Chattooga Summerville
Thompson G C Meriwether 1 c Manchester
Thrash J M Coffee Douglas
Thurmond Charles J Hall Gainesville
Turner Mell DeKalb Decatur
Waller R M Whitfield Dalton
Warnock J T Montgomery Tarrytown
Weaver A H S BibbMacon
Welsch Sam J f Cobb 1Marietta
Wells Virgil GBen HillFitzgerald
Wells T J TelfairMilan
Whipple L ABleckleyCochran
Wilbanks FredlCherokeeCanton
Wilbanks Paris Habersham Clarksville
Williams John H Coffee Douglas
Williams Dr A D Gwinnett Lawrenceville
Williams W W Harris Hamilton
Willoughby B T Clinch Homerville
Wilson Lewis B Bibb Macon
Woodruff George W Barrow Winder
Wright E M Gilmer Ellijay
Yawn Eugene Dodge Eastman
94
MEMBERS
OF THE
GEORGIA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
BY COUNTIES ANDPOSTOFFICES FOR THE TERM 19431944
CQunty Representative Post Office
Appling
Atkinson
Bacon
Baker
Baldwin
Baldwin
Banks
Barrow
Bartow
Bartow
Ben Hill
Berrien
Bibb
Bibb
Bibb
Bleckleyv
Brantley
Brooks
Bryan
Bulloch
Bulloch
BurkeI
Burke
Butts1i
Calhoun
Camden
Candler
Carroll
Carroll
Catoosa
CharltonJ
Chathamt
Chatham
Chatham
Chattahoochee
Chattooga
Cherokee
Clarke
Clarke
Clay
J E Dyal
A T Minchew
J M Medders
Benton Odom Jr
J H Ennis
Joe Mdore
E M Dalton
George W Woodruff
S Luke Pettit
W P Martin
Virgil G Wells
J H Gaskins
A H S Weaver
Lewis B Wilson Lee Barfield
L A Whipple J P Johns
L W Graham
Harley Dukes
Dr D L Dealr
Hoke Brunson
Frank M Cates
Jones J Bargeron
J Avon Gaston
O T Giddens
R W Ferguson
F H Sillsl
Willis Smith
Herschel L Reid
J H Clark
Ralph Kliabb
Spence M Grayson
Frank A McNa11 A Leopold Alexander
E F Johnson
Ross Thomasa r
Fred Wilbanks
Kent Hill V
L Olin Price Jr
Chester Gavin
Baxley
Pearson
Alma
Newton
Milledgeville
Milledgeville
AltoRFD
Winder
Cartersville
Adairsville
Fitzgerald
Nashville
Macon
Macon
Macon
Cochran
WinokurRFD
Barney
Pembroke
Statesboro
Statesboro
Waynesboro
Sardis
Jackson
Leary
Kingsland
Metter
Carrollton
Villa Rica
Ringgold
Moniac
Savannah
Savannah
Savannah
Cussetta
Summerville
Canton
Athens
Athens
Ft Gaines
95
County Representative Post Office
Clayton W H Reynolds Jonesboro
Clinch B T Willoughby Homerville
Cobb John T Dorsey Marietta
Cobb Sam J Welsch Marietta
Coffee J M Thrash Douglas
Coffee John H Williams Douglas
Colquitt Robt E Cheshire Moultrie
Colquitt Wm M Riddlespurger Moultrie
Columbia Glenn S Phillips Harlem
Cook Mallie Joiner Adel
Coweta Myer Gold here Newnan
Coweta Eugene P Hurst Newnan
Crawford Millard Easier Roberta
Crisp Wendell Horne Cordele
Dade A W Peck Wildwood
Dawson Max R Looper Dawsonville
Decatur G D Battles Sr Bainbridge
Decatur E M Mills Whigham
DeKalb Mell Turner Decatur
DeKalb H 0 Hubert Jr Decatur
DeKalb W L Broome Decatur
Dodge
Dooly
Eugene YawnEastman
Dr V C Daves Vienna
DoughertyTurner L Smith Albany
DoughertyAdie Durden Albany
DouglasL Z DorsettDouglasville
EarlyJ 0 BridgesBlakely
EcholsJ D PadgettJasper Fla RFD
EffinghamC T Guyton Guyton u
ElbertRobt M HeardElberton
Emanuel V H HooksM Swainsboro
EmanuelJ Leonard Rountree Summitt
Evans S T BrewtonClaxton
Fannin Cecil HartnessBlue Ridge
FayetteJ W CulpepperFayetteville
FloydM G HicksRome
FloydA D LittlejohnRome
Floyd Frank L Baker JrRome
ForsythTaylor PirkleCummings
Franklin1C D McEntireCarnesville
FultonMW C Kendrick Atlanta
FultonHelen Douglas MankinAtlanta
FultonPaul S Etheridge JrAtlanta
GilmerE M WrightEllijay
GlascockCasey ThigpenGibson
GlynnCharles L GowenBrunswick
Glynn2John J GilbertBrunswick
Gordon rFord PorterCalhoun
GradyP A JonesCairo
GreeneJ B ParkGreensboro
Gwinnett 1Dr A D Williams Lawrenceville
GwinnettMarvin A AllisonLawrenceville
HabershamParis WilbanksClarksville
Hall Ed Roper1Gainesville
HallCharles J ThurmondiGainesville
County Representative Post Office
Hancock
Haralson
Harris
Hart
Heard
Henry
Houston
Irwin
Jackson
Jasper
Jeff Davis
Jefferson
Jenkins
Johnson
Jones
Lamar
Lanier
Laurens
Laurens
Lee
Liberty
Lincoln
Long
Lowndes
Lowndes
Lumpkin
Macon
Madison
Marion
McDuffie
McIntosh
Meriwether
Meriwether
Miller
Mitchell
Mitchell
Monroe
Montgomery
Morgan
Murray
Muscogee
Muscogee
Muscogee
Newton
Oconee
Oglethorpe
Paulding
Peach
Pickens
Pierce
Pike
Polk
Polk
Pulaski
Putnam
Marvin Moate Spar tfi
W 0 Strickland Buchanan
W W Williams Ham il ton
T 0 Herndon Hartwell
Olin Sheppard FranklinRFD
A C Norman McDonough
W W Gray U nadillaRFD
Oliver K Mixon Odila
C E Hardy Jefferson
W H Key Monticello
W H Fisher Hazelhurst
J Roy McCracken Louisville
W E Alwood Jr Millen
E L Rowland W ri gh ts vi Up
A M Greene Gray
C M Dunn Barnesvillp
T E Miller Lakeland
Linton G Malone Duhlin
J 0 Ogbum Dublin
Geo T Burton Smith ville
C J Smiley til
L E Rees T inoolnton
T L Howard Ludowici
T Guy Connell Valdosta
J G Cowart HahiraRFD
J F Pruitt Dahlonega
Mrs John B Guerry Montezuma
Dr W D Gholston Daniels vii le
J P Hogg Buena Vista
T Reuben Burnside Thomson
F A McIntosh Eulonia
G C Thompson Manchester
J Frank Hatchett Greenville
J Bush Mims Colquitt
Fred Hand Pelham
J D Gardner Camilla
W B Mitchell Forsyth
J T Warnock Tarry town
C R Mason Madison
Charles A Pannell Chats worth
J Robert Elliott Columbus
H Dixon Smith Columbus
Arthur F Copland Columbus
R P Campbell Covington
Robert M Nicholson Watkins ville
J C Smith Point Peter RFD
W A Foster Jr Dallas
A C Riley Fort Valley
J 1 Hefner Jasper
E L Bowen Blackshear
W F Johnson Williamson
RobertCampbell Cedartown
Dr D M Livingston Cedartown
J D Dupree Hawkinsville
P C Rossee Eatonton
97
County
Representative
Post Office
Quitman
Rabun
Randolph
Richmond
Richmond
Richmond
Rockdale
Schley
Screven
Seminole
Spalding
Spalding
Stephens
Stewart
Sumter
Sumter
Talbot
Taliaferro
Tatnall
Taylor
Telfair
Terrell
Thomas
Thomas
Tift
Toombs
Towns
Treutlen
Troup
Troup
TroupI
Turner
Twiggs
Union
Upson1
Upson
Walker
Walker1
Walton
Ware
Ware
Warren
Washington
Washington
Wayne
Webster
Wheeler
White
Whitfield
Whitfield
Wilcox
Wilkes
Wilkinson
Worth Worth
w H Hart Georgetown
T L Bynum Clayton
T M Curry Shellman
Roy V Harris Augusta
Geo Nicholson Augusta
W W Holley Augusta
C Rs Cannon Conyers
Rt S Greene Ellaville
Elliott Hagan Sylvania
John L Drake Donalsonville
Leward Hightower Griffin
A C Swint Orchard Hill
T J Pnwoll Toccoa
H CT Overhy Jr Richland
T D Jonnings Americus
T E Mabry Amerieus
J R Maund Talbotton
W R Moore Sharon
A C Oliver Glennville
J W Edwards Butler
T J Wolls Milan
Honry S Jonnings Dawson
A R Hart Thomasville
Too E TCglly Thomasville
Coorgo W Branch Tifton
T Boss Sharp Lyons
W 0 Sparks Jr Hiawassee
Hugh Cillis Soperton
Rondor Dallis LaGrange
H W Caldwell LaGrange
B H Hill West Point
C Z Harden Ashbum
H T Chance Danville
Claud C Boynton Suches
Marion Salter Thomaston
J Linwood Bentley Thomaston
John L Mavity Rossville
E H Felly St Elmo Tenn
C E Parker Monroe
W B Ratos Waycross
J J Bennett Waycross
Tack B Ray Norwood
E C Smith Davisboro
W H Roughton Sandersville
J M Anderson Jesup
W 0 Fussell RichlandRFD
Wallace Adams Glenwood
Epps L Russoll Cleveland
Carlton C McCamy Dalton
R M Waller Dalton
Cecil D Crummey Rochelle
B W Fortson Jr Washington
A S Boone Jr Trwinton
Dr Cordon S Sumner Sylvester
Joe Tj Johnston Sylvester
STANDING COMMITTEES
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
TERM 19431944
99
ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND
Weaver Chairman Herndon
Greene of Jones ViceChairman Hicks
Dunn Secretary Johns
Barfield Knabb
Battles Livingston
Bentley Mankin
Boone McEntire
Brunson Medders
Cowart Mixon
Dallis Norman
DuPree Russell
Gaston Wells of Ben Hill
Giddens Wilson
Gray Woodruff
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION
NUMBER ONE
Foster Chairman U Dunn
Hogg ViceChairman Durden
Gilbert Secretary Fortson
Alexander Gardner
Allison Gholston
Alwood Gillis
Barfield Goldberg
Branch Gowen
Broome Grayson
Campbell of Newton Greene of Jones
Cannon Guyton
Cates Hand
Clark Harden
Connell Heard
Copland Hill of Troup
Culpepper Horne
Curry Joiner
Daves Kelly of Thomas
Deal Kelly of Walker
100
Key
Knabb
McCamy
MeEntire
McCracken
Mabry
Mason
Miller
Mitchell
Moore of Baldwin Nicholson of Oconee Nicholson of Richmond Peck
Porter
Price
Ray
Riley
Rossee
Sharpe
Sills
Smith of Dougherty
Sumner
Thompson
Thrash
Waller
Wells of Ben Hill
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION NUMBER TWO
Wblsch Chairman Brewton ViceChairman Riddlespurger Secretary Adams Alexander Allison Anderson Bargeron Branch Bennett Brunson Bynum Cates Clark Connell Culpepper Dallis Dorsett Edwards Etheridge Ferguson Gilbert
Gillis
Gowen
Grayson
Hagan
Hart of Thomas
Hatchett
Hightower
Hicks
Holley
Hooks
Hubert
Hurst
Jones
Johnson of Pike
Johnston of Worth
Kelly of Walker
Kendrick
Littlejohn
Looper
Malone
Mason
McCracken
101
v
McNall Reynolds
Mankin Rowland
Mavity Smith of Oglethorpe
Mims Strickland
Mixon Swint
Moore of Taliaferro Thurmond
Nicholson of Richmond Weaver
Pannell Wells of Telfair
Park Whipple
Powell Wilson
APPROPRIATIONS
tent Chairman Grayson
dwell ViceChairman Greene of Schley
Secretary Guyton
Allison Hagan
Alwood Hand
Barfield Harden
Bowen Hardy
Boynton Hefner
Branch Herndon
Bridges Hicks
Burnside Horne
Campbell of Newton Hubert
Campbell of Polk Hurst
Cates Jennings of Sumter
Connell Jennings of Terrell
Culpepper Johnson of Pike
Daves Kelly of Thomas
Deal Kelly of Walker
Durden Key
Elliott Knabb
Ennis McCracken
Etheridge McEntire
Ferguson McNall
Fortson Martin
Foster Mason
Graham Miller
102
Mitchell
Nicholson of Eichmond
Phillips
Powell
Price
Kiddlespurger
Rossee
Rountree
Russell
Sills
Smiley
Smith of Carroll
Smith of Muscogee
Sparks
Thigpen
Thompson
Thrash
Thurmond
Whipple
Williams of Coffee
AUDITING
Gardner Chairman Boynton ViceChairman Minchew Secretary Baker Branch Burnside Burton
Campbell of Newton
Copland
Daves
Drake
Durden
Easier
Poster
Gavin
Gowen
Graham
Greene of Jones Hart of Thomas Holley
Johnson of Chattahoochee Kelly of Walker Knabb
Mavity
McCamy
McCracken
McNall
Miller
Mims
Mixon
Moore of Baldwin
Moore of Taliaferro
Oliver
Peck
Phillips
Powell
Price
Reid
Roper
Rossee
Smith of Dougherty Smith of Muscogee Thurmond Turner
Wells of Ben Hill Williams of Harris
103
AVIATION
Ferguson Chairman Malone ViceChairman Keynolds Secretary Alexander Bates Battles Bennett Brunson Connell Cowart Dorsey Dunn Easier Elliott Gilbert Hagan
Hart of Thomas Heard
Hicks
Holley
Kelly of Thomas
Kendrick
Littlejohn
Looper
Norman
Pettit
Price
Houghton
Bussell
Salter
Thrash
Turner
Welsch
Wilbanks of Cherokee Wilbanks of Habersham Williams of Coffee
BANKS AND BANKING
Miller Chairman Pruitt ViceChairman Roper Secretary Alexander Baker Battles Burton Caldwell Cates Culpepper Dorsett Dukes Dyal Ferguson Fortson Gowen
Hand Hicks Hightower Hill of Clarke Johnson of Pike Johnston of Worth Kelly of Thomas Key
Littlejohn
McCamy
Mankin
Mason
Mills
Moate
Nicholson of Oconee Odom
104
Ogburn
Oliver
Overby
Park
Parker
Pirkle
Ray
Riley
Rountree
Sharpe
Smith of Muscogee Smith of Oglethorpe
Sparks
Sumner
Swint
Thompson
Thrash
Waller
Warnock
Wells of Ben Hill Wells of Telfair Williams of Harris Willoughby Yawn
COMMERCE
Curry Chairman McIntosh ViceChairman Knabb Secretary Baker Battles Bentley Boone Bridges Brunson
Campbell of Polk
Cates
Chance
Crummey
Dallis
Dorsett
Dukes
DuPree
Dyal
Easier
Edwards
Fisher
Gray
Greene of Schley
Guyton
Hatchett
Herndon
Hightower
Hill of Troup
Norman
Pannell
Pruitt
Sparks
Warnock
Wilbanks of Habersham
CONSERVATION
Smith of Muscogee Chairman Rountree ViceChairman Anderson Secretary Adams
Alexander
Alwood
Bates
Bentley
105
Boone
Boynton
Bridges
Brunson
Burton
Bynum
Campbell of Newton
Campbell of Polk
Chance
Cowart
Crummey
Dallis
Deal
Dorsett
Dukes
Dyal
Drake
Edwards
Ferguson
Fisher
Gaston
Giddens
Goldberg
Gowen
Graham
Greene of Jones
Guerry
Howard
Jennings of Terrell Kelly of Thomas Key
McIntosh
McNall
Mason
Malone
Mavity
Medders
Mills
Minchew
Moate
Moore of Taliaferro
Nicholson of Richmond
Odom
Oliver
Park
Peck
Padgett
Pirkle
Porter
Sheppard
Smiley
Sparks
Wells of Telfair Wilbanks of Cherokee Williams of Harris
CORPORATIONS
Riley Chairman Bynum
Gilbert ViceChairman Caldwell
Hightower Secretary Cannon
Alexander Clark
Alwood Copland
Bates Culpepper
Battles Dorsett
Boone Dorsey
Brunson Dukes
106
Dunn Elliott Ennis
Gardner
Greene of Scliley
Hardy
Heard
Hill of Clarke
Hogg
Horner
Jennings of Terrell Johnston of Worth Key
Mankin
Mitchell
Moate
Odom
Panned
Parker
Peck
Reynolds
Rowland
Russell
Smith of Carroll
Smith of Oglethorpe
Strickland
Swint
Welsch
Woodruff
Yawn
COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS
Sills Chairman Cowaet ViceChairman Heard Secretary Adams Allison Baker Barfield Bennett Brewton Broome Bynum
Campbell of Newton
Campbell of Polk
Cannon
Chance
Culpepper
Dalton
Dorsey
Easier
Etheridge
Fussell
Gaston
Gholston
Gilbert
Goldberg
Greene of Schley
Harden
Hardy
Hefner
Hogg
Howard
Hubert
Jennings of Sumter Jennings of Terrell Johns
Johnson of Chattahoochee
Belly of Thomas
Knabb
Looper
McEntire
McIntosh
Mabry
107
Mason Sheppard
Martin Smiley
Mavity Smith of Washington
Maund Sparks
Medders Thigpen
Mims Thurmond
Minchew Waller
Norman Warnock
Peck Weaver
Pirkle Welsch
Pettit Whipple
Price Williams of Gwinnett
Reid Willoughby
Reynolds Wright
Russell
DRAINAGE
Durden Chairman McElntire
Hand ViceChairman McIntosh
Gowen Secretary McNall
Allison Mason
Bargeron Mims
Branch Minchew
Clark Mitchell
Daves Mixon
Drake Phillips
Fortson Reid
Foster Rossee
Gillis Smith of Muscogee
Hicks Thomas
McCracken Welsch
EDUCATION NUMBER ONE
Thrash Chairman Adams
Whipple ViceChairman Alwood
Horne Secretary Bargeron
108
Boynton Johnson of Chattahoochee
Bridges Kelly of Thomas
Brunson Kelly of Walker
Campbell of Newton Kendrick
Cannon Key
Cheshire McCracken
Clark MeEntire
Connell Mason
Crummey Miller
Curry Mims
Dalton Nicholson of Bichmond
Daves Ogburn
Deal Powell
Durden Price
Foster Bees
Fussell Biley
Gavin Roper
Gowen Bossee
Graham Bussell
Grayson Salter
Greene of Jones Sharpe
Guerry Sheppard
Guyton Smith of Dougherty
Hand Smith of Washington
Harden Sumner
Hardy Thompson
Hart of Quitman Waller
Herndon Wells of Ben Hill
Hill of Troup Williams of Coffee
Hurst Williams of Gwinnett
Jennings of Sumter Williams of Harris
Joiner Willoughby
EDUCATION NUMBER TWO
Hatchett Chairman Dunn ViceChairman Hbest Secretary Allison
Bennett
Branch
Culpepper
DuPree
109
Easier
Edwards
Gardner
Gaskins
Gholston
Gilbert
Gillis
Goldberg
Hagan
Hartness
Hightower
Hogg
Hooks
Jennings of Terrell
Johnson of Pike
Jones
Knabb
Looper
McCamy
Malone
Martin
Maund
Medders
Minehew
Odom
Overby
Park
Parker
Peck
Porter
Ray
Rountree
Rowland
Smiley
Smith of Muscogee
Smith of Oglethorpe
Strickland
Swint
Thurmond
Welsch
Wells of Telfair
ENGROSSING
Branch Chairman Willoughby ViceChairman Etheridge Secretary Anderson Broome Dallis Fortson Foster Fussell Gaston Goldberg Graham Gray
Hart of Quitman Hightower
Hiil of Troupe
Mabry
Malone
Mavity
McIntosh
Minehew
Mixon
Nicholson of Richmond
Porter
Pruitt
Salter
Sheppard
Whipple
Wright
110
ENOLLMENT
Johnson of Chattahoochee Greene of Jones
Chairman Hicks
Hooks ViceChairman Herndon
Jones Secretary Hill of Clarke
Chance Odom
Easier Smiley
Fisher Thurmond
Gaskins Giddens Willoughby
EXCUSE OF MEMBERS ABSENT WITHOUT LEAVE
Mitchell Chairman Herndon
Cheshire ViceChairman Hill of Troup
Norman Secretary Johnson of Pike
Battles J oiner
Bentley Mims
Boone Mills
Burnside Moate
Campbell of Polk Odom
Chance Oliver
Dalton Pannell
Dorsey Sparks
DuPree Strickland
Gaskins Wilbanks of Habersham
Heard Yawn
GAME AND FISH
McNall Chairman Bargeron
Hagan ViceChairman Bennett
Knabb Secretary Bowen
Allison Boynton
Alwood Brewton
Anderson Broome
Barfield Bynum
ui
Campbell of Newton Chesire Cowart Curry Dalton Dukes Durden Etheridge Ferguson Fortson Fussell Gaston Gholston Gilbert Goldberg Gowen Harden Hardy Hartness Heard
Hill of Troupe
Home
Howard
Jennings of Terrell Johns
Kelly of Thomas Littlejohn Looper Mabry
Martin
Mason
Maund
Mavity
McCamy
McIntosh
Mims
Minchew
Mixon
Oliver
Peck
Pettit
Pirkle
Pay
Russell
Sheppard
Sills
Smith of Dougherty
Smith of Muscogee
Sparks
Thomas
Thurmond
Waller
Warnock
Wells of Telfair
Wilbanks of Cherokee
Williams of Harris
Willoughby
Wright
GENERAL AGRICULTURE NUMBER ONE
Mason Chairman Bargeron
Graham ViceChairman Bentley
Jennings of Terrell Secretary Bowen
Adams Branch
Alwood Broome
Anderson Bynum
Barfield Caldwell
112
Chance Knabb
Cheshire McCracken
Clark McEntire
Crummey Miller
Dalton Mitchell
DuPree Moore of Baldwin
Dnrden Nicholson of Oconee
Fisher Parker
Fortson Pirkle
Gavin Porter
Gillis Rossee
Greene of Jones Rowland
Greene of Schley Russell
Guerry Salter
Hand Sheppard
Harden Strickland
Hardy Sumner
Hart of Thomas Swint
Heiner Waller
Hill of Clarke Warnock
Hogg Wells of Ben Hill
Hubert Wilbanks of Cherokee
Hurst Williams of Coffee
Johnson of Pike Williams of Gwinett
Jones Williams of Harris
Kelly of Thomas Willoughby
Kelly of Walker Woodruff
Key Wright
GENERAL AGRICULTURE NUMBER TWO
Gillis Chairman Cannon
Joiner YiceChairman Cates
Hooks Secretary Cowart
Allison Curry
Bates Deal
Battles Drake
Bennett Dukes
Burton Dunn
113
Dyal
Easier
Ferguson
Fussell
Gardner
Gaskins
Gaston
Gholston
Giddens
Guyton
Holley
Johns
Johnston of Worth
Looper
Malone
Medders
Mills
Mims
Minchew
Moate
Moore of Taliaferro
Norman
Odom
Ogburn
Oliver
Overby
Padgett
Pannell
Reid
Reynolds
Riddlespurger
Rountree
Smiley
Smith of Washington Wells of Telfair Wilbanks of Habersham Wilson
GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER ONE
Mixon Chairman Riley ViceChairman Ethekidge Secretary Allison Anderson Barger on Bates Boone Brewton Burnside
Campbell of Newton
Clark of Catoosa
Connell
Copland
Culpepper
Dorsett
Dorsey
Dunn
Durden
Edwards
Elliott
Foster
Gardner
Gilbert
Guyton
Hand
Harden
Hardy
Heard
Hill of Troup Hogg Howard Key
McCamy
McCracken
Martin
114
Mason
Mavity
Mills
Nicholson of Richmond
Ogburn
Pannell
Reynolds
Roper
Rountree
Sheppard
Smith of Carroll
Strickland
Thompson
Thurmond
Weaver
Williams of Coffee Williams of Harris Willoughby
GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER TWO
Hicks Chairman Shaepe ViceChairman Mitchell Secretary Alexander Barfield Bynum Cheshire Dorsett Gholston Goldberg Gowen Grayson Hatchett Hightower Horne Hubert
Littlejohn
Mankin
Mims
Nicholson of Oconee
Pannell
Park
Peck
Porter
Ray
Riddlespurger
Rowland
Smith of Dougherty
Thigpen
Turner
Welsch
Whipple
GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Littlejohn Chairman Campbell of Polk ViceChairman Thomas Secretary Bentley Bridges Chance
Dallis
Dalton
Dorsett
Giddens
Hicks
Hightower
115
Hill of Clarke
Hooks
Holley
Johns
Knabb
Livingston
McEntire
Maund
Mills
Moate
GEORGIA STATE
Minchew Chairman McEntire ViceChairman Cowart Secretary Anderson Bargeron Bowen Brewton Bridges Brunson Cannon Copland Crummey Dalton Daves Dukes Durden Edwards Ennis Eisher Gaskins Gaston Gavin Gholston Giddens Gillis Graham Gray
Greene of Jones
Norman
Reid
Reynolds
Roughton
Smith of Oglethorpe
Strickland
Thigpen
Thrash
Wells of Ben Hill Yawn
SANITARIUM
Greene of Schley
Guerry
Harden
Hart of Thomas
Hart of Quitman
Hartness
Hatchett
Hefner
Herndon
Hicks
Hill of Troup Hurst
Johnson of Chattahoochee
Malone
Martin
Maund
Moore of Baldwin
Padgett
Parker
Pirkle
Price
Roper
Rossee
Smith of Muscogee Sumner Thompson Wells of Ben Hill
116
HALLS AND ROOMS
Easler Chairman Bargeron ViceChairman Hart of Quitman Secretary Battles Caldwell Dorsett Foster Gaskins Giddens Gray Greene of Jones Hartness Hatchett Herndon Hicks Johnston of Worth Joiner Kendrick Livingston Mitchell Ogburn Ray Smiley Thigpen Turner Welsch Wilbanks of Habersham Woodruff Yawn
HISTORICAL RESEARCH
Guerry Chairman Dalton ViceChairman Ogburn Secretary Caldwell Campbell of Polk Cheshire Dunn Elliott Poster Guyton Hartness Herndon Hill of Troup Mills Moore of Baldwin Park Roughton Sharpe Sparks Strickland Thrash Wells of Telfair
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Daves Chairman Baker
Williams of Harris ViceChairman Bentley
Sumner Secretary Allison Alwood Burnside Caldwell Cannon
117
Cheshire Key
Connell Copland Culpepper Dallis Deal Durden Easier Edwards Elliott Ennis Etheridge Fisher Fortson Gavin Gaskins Gholston Gilbert Gowen Gray Grayson Greene of Jones Guerry Hand Hart of Thomas Hatchett Herndon Hicks Hill of Clarke Hill of Troup Hogg Littlejohn Livingston McNall Malone Mankin Maund Mavity Mixon Moore of Baldwin Nicholson of Richmond Porter Rees Reid Riddlespurger Rossee Roughton Smith of Carroll Smith of Dougherty Smith of Muscogee Strickland Swint Thomas Thompson Turner Waller Weaver Wells of Ben Hill Williams of Gwinnett Williams of Harris Yawn
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
Kendrick Chairman Holley ViceChairman Copland Secretary Allison Bargeron Branch Broome Burnside Caldwell Campbell of Newton
118
Cannon Maund
Clark Mavity
Connell Miller
Daves Mixon
Deal Moore of Taliaferro
Durden Nicholson of Bichmon
Etheridge Peck
Portson Pettit
Gavin Phillips
Gholston Powell
Goldberg Salter
Gowen Sheppard
Grayson Smith of Carroll
Hand Smith of Muscogee
Hatchett Smith of Washington
Hicks Swint
Horne Thomas
Jennings of Sumter Thurmond
Kelly of Walker Turner
Key Waller
Littlejohn Weaver
McCracken Wells of Ben Hill
McNall Welsch
Mankin Williams of Harris
INSURANCE
Phillips Chairman Etheridge
Waller ViceChairman Poster
Fortson Secretary Gholston
Allison Gillis
Barfield Goldberg
Branch Gowen
Burnside Harden
Campbell of Newton Jennings of Sumter
Cannon Jennings of Terrell
Dorsey Johnston of Worth
Durden Kelly of Thomas
Easier Kendrick
119
Key
McCracken
Mabry
Mankin
Mason
Maund
Miller
Mims
Mitchell
Nicholson of Richmond Peck
Rees
Rossee
Salter
Smith of Muscogee
Smith of Oglethorpe
Sumner
Thurmond
Turner
Warnock
Weaver
Williams of Gwinnett
INTERSTATE COOPERATION
A
Connell Chairman Durden
Hagan ViceChairman Gowen
McCracken Secretary Hand
INVALID PENSIONS AND SOLDIERS HOME
Hagan Chairman
Moore of Taliaferro ViceChairman Smith of Oglethorpe Secretary Battles Edwards Gaskins
Hart of Thomas
Hartness
Herndon
Hooks
Johns
Livingston
McEntire
Mills Mixon Pruitt Rees Rowland Smiley Strickland Sumner Swint
Wells of Telfair Wilbanks of Habersham Williams of Coffee Woodruff
JOURNALS
Gray Chairman Etheridge ViceChairman Holley Secretary
120
Anderson
Bates
Bennett
Bentley Branch Burnside Gholston Johnson of Pike Kelly of Walker Looper Mabry
Padgett
Pannell
Riddlespurger
Salter
Smith of Washington Wilbanks of Habersham Yawn
LEGISLATIVE AND CONGRESSIONAL REAPPORTIONMENT
Gavin Chairman
Johnston of Worth ViceChairman Hefner Secretary Dyal Fisher Gaskins Gaston Gholston
Giddens
Guyton
Hart of Thomas
Hatchett
Medders
Padgett
Houghton
Thigpen
MANUFACTURES
Powell Chairman Salter ViceChairman Russell Secretary Barfield Bentley Boone Branch Dyal Fussell
Hefner
Jennings of Sumter
Looper
Livingston
Mason
Smith of Oglethorpe
Wright
Yawn
121
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Thurmond Chairman Heard ViceChairman Price Secretary Bargeron Broome Cannon Cates Cheshire Clark Connell Crummey Curry Daves Drake Durden Elliott Ennis Etheridge Ferguson Fisher Fortson Gilbert Gillis Gowen Graham Grayson Guyton Hand Hardy Hicks Hogg
Howard
Hurst
Jennings of Terrell Johnson of Chattahoochee J oiner Jones
Kelly of Thomas
Kelly of Walker
Key
Knabb
Mavity
Minchew
Mixon
McCracken
Nicholson of Richmond
Peck
Pettit
Phillips
Riley
Roughton
Rossee
Sheppard
Smith of Dougherty Smith of Muscogee Swint Thrash
Wells of Ben Hill
Wilson
Wright
Yawn
MINES AND MINING
Pettit Chairman Pruitt ViceChairman Russell Secretary
122
Boynton
Cannon
Chance
Hartness Salter
Hatchett Sparks
Hefner Strickland
Livingston Welsch
McEntire Wilbanks of Oherokr
Pannell Wright
Rees Yawn
MOTOR VEHICLES
Adams Chairman Littlejohn
McEntire ViceChairman Mason
Jenninge of Snmter Secretary Maund
Baker McCamy
Bargeron McCracken
Burnside Mixon
Burton Moore of Taliaferro
Broome Peck
Campbell of Newton Pettit
Clark Phillips
Dukes Price
Durden Rossee
Etheridge Sills
Fortson Smith of Oglethorpe
Greene of Jones Sparks
Hand Thigpen
Harden Thomas
Heard Turner
Horne Warnock
Kelly of Thomas Whipple
Kelly of Walker Williams of Gwinnett
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
Allison Chairman Broome
Thompson ViceChairman Bynum
Peck Secretary Campbell of Newton
Bates Caldwell
Bennett Clarke
123
Connell Martin
Culpepper Mason
Dorsey Mavity
Drake Miller
Durden Moate
Ennis Phillips
Etheridge Price
Ferguson Riley
Gaskins Roper
Gaston Rountree
Gavin Salter
Gholston Sharpe
Gilbert Sills
Gowen Smith of Muscogee
Hill of Clarke Turner
Hogg Weaver
Hubert Welsch
Johnston of Worth Wells of Telfair
Kelly of Thomas Wilbanks of Cherokee
Key Wilson
Kendrick Yawn
McNall
PENITENTIARY
Mavity Chairman Fussell
Harden ViceChairman Fortson
Baker Secretary Goldberg
Adams Gray
Allison Greene of Schley
Bargeron Guerry
Bennett Hardy
Bowen Hart of Quitman
Boynton Heard
Brewton Hefner
Campbell of Newton Hicks
Chance Hill of Troup
Curry Howard
Crummey Johnson of Chattahoochee
Dalton Joiner
Daves Jones
124
Looper Eiddlespurger
McCracken Sharpe
McNall Sheppard
Mabry Sills
Martin Smith of Carroll
Mason Smith of Oglethorpe
Maund Thigpen
Mims Thompson
Minchew Wells of Ben Hill
Mitchell Wells of Telfair
Ogburn Wilbanks of Cherokee
Peck Williams of Gwinnett
Pirkle Williams of Harris
Price Willoughby
Eees Woodruff
PENSIONS
Deal Chairman Livingston
Maund ViceChairman Looper
Burton Secretary McIntosh
Battles Mason
Broome Nicholson of Oconee
Caldwell Pruitt
Cheshire Eiddlespurger
Cowart Eoughton
Dalton Salter
DuPree Smiley
Graham Smith of Carroll
Gray Smith of Oglethorpe
Greene of Schley Smith of Washington
Gholston Sparks
Holley Strickland
Hooks Warnock
Howard Welsch
Hurst Willoughby
Johns
125
PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS
Thigpen Chairman Smith of Washington ViceChairman Gaskins Secretary Bargeron Bates Bennett Dyal Elliott Gavin
Hart of Quitman Hefner
Hill of Clarke Hubert Joiner Mitchell
Nicholson of Oconee
Norman
Oliver
Porter
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR
Hogg Chairman
Hakt of Thomas ViceChairman Giddens Secretary Adams Anderson Bowen Copland Dalton Fisher
Greene of Schley Guyton
Hart of Quitman Hefner
Johnson of Pike Livingston Parker Rowland
Smith of Dougherty Wells of Telfair Williams of Coffee Yawn
PUBLIC HIGHWAYS NUMBER ONE
Rossee Chairman Cates
Pettit ViceChairman Connell
Crummey Secretary Dalton
Adams Daves
Allison Deal
Alwood Durden
Bowen Gardner
Bynum Gavin
Cannon Gholston
126
Goldberg
Gowen
Graham
Grayson
Greene of Jones
Guerry
Hand
Harden
Hardy
Hatchett
Howard
Jennings of Sumter Jennings of Terrell Johnson of Chattahoochee Joiner Jones
Kelly of Thomas
Kelly of Walker
Kendrick
Key
Knabb
Littlejohn
Looper
McCracken
McIntosh
Mabry
Martin
Mason
Maund
Mavity
Miller
Moore of Baldwin
Nicholson of Oconee
Nicholson of Bichmond
Ogburn
Oliver
Pirkle
Porter
Powell
Price
Bay
Biley
Boper
Bussell
Salter
Sheppard
Smiley
Smith of Carroll
Smith of Dougherty
Smith of Muscogee
Smith of Washington
Sumner
Swint
Thompson
Warnock
Waller
Wells of Ben Hill Wilbanks of Cherokee Williams of Coifee Williams of Harris Wilson
PUBLIC HIGHWAYS NUMBER TWO
Drake Chairman Barfield
Bountree ViceChairman Bargeron
Malone Secretary Bates
Alexander Bennett
Anderson Boone
127
Branch Hooks
Brewton Hurst
Bridges Johns
Brunson Johnson of Pike
Burton Johnston of Worth
Clark Mankin
Culpepper Mims
Curry Moate
Dallis Moore of Taliaferro
Dorsett Norman
Dukes Odom
Dunn Padgett
DuPree Pannell
Dyal Park
Easier Parker
Edwards Peek
Elliott Pruitt
Fisher Riddlespurger
Fussell Rowland
Gaskins Sharpe
Gaston Smith of Oglethorpe
Gilbert Sparks
Gillis Thigpen
Hagan Thrash
Hart of Quitman Wells of Telfair
Hart of Thomas Welsch
Hartness Woodruff
Hogg Wright
Holley Yawn
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Price Chairman Overby ViceChairman Hefner Secretary Allison Bentley
Campbell of Polk Fisher
Gardner
Gray
Greene of Schley Hart of Quitman Hatchett Hightower Mankin
128
Mims
Moore of Baldwin Moore of Taliaferro Nicholson of Oconee Pettit Prnitt
PUBLIC
Kelly of Thomas Chairman Herndon ViceChairman Warnock Secreiry Alexander Broome Cheshire Dyal
Greene of Schley
PUBLIC
Rountree Chairman Bynum ViceChairman Kendrick Secretary Allison Caldwell Connell Curry Dorsey Durden Gowen Howard
PUBLIC
Connell Chairman Reynolds ViceChairman Thigpen Secretary Adams
Roughton Smith of Carroll Strickland Wells of Telfair Whipple
Wilbanks of Habersham
PRINTING
Guyton
Hagan
Knabb
Mills
Padgett
Roper
Thigpen
Wilbanks of Habersham
PROPERTY
Kelly of Walker Key
McCracken
Miller
Moate
Moore of Taliaferro
Phillips
Sharpe
Smith of Muscogee Wells of Ben Hill
UTILITIES
Allison
Baker
Branch
Broome
129
Bynum
Campbell of Newton
Clark
Connell
Cowart
Culpepper
Dorsey
Drake
Durden
Elliott
Ferguson
Fortson
Gaskins
Gavin
Gholston
Goldberg
Guerry
Heard
Hogg
Jennings of Sumter Jennings of Terrell Kelly of Thomas Littlejohn
Looper
McCamy
Mabry
Mankin
Martin
Mason
Mavity
Miller
Mims
Mixon
Moate
Moore of Taliaferro
Nicholson of Richmond
Norman
Peck
Phillips
Riddlespurger
Russell
Sharjpe
Sills
Smith of Muscogee Wilbanks of Habersham Williams of Gwinnett
PUBLIC WELFARE
Reid Chairman
Wells of Telfair ViceChairman Weight Secretary Adams Bargeron Bates
Bentley
Bowen
Brewton
Bridges
Campbell of Newton
Dalton
Dunn
Gholston
Gilbert
Gowen
Grayson
Guerry
Ferguson
Hartness
Hightower
Hill of Clarke
Hill of Troup
Holley
Hooks
Hurst
130
Kendrick Roughton
Knabb Sharpe
Livingston Smith of Muscogee
McNall Smith of Washington
Minchew Sumner
Mixon Thrash
Overby Weaver
Park Whipple
Parker Willoughby
Riley Woodruff
RAILROADS
Swint Chairman Jennings of Terrell
Mabry ViceChairman J ohns
Hart of Quitman Secretary McNall
Bates Norman
Cowart Overby
Dalton Russell
Foster Waller
Goldberg Wells of Ben Hill
Greene of Schley Welsch
Heard Wilbanks of Habersham
Herndon Hubert Williams of Gwinnett
RULES
The Speaker Chairman Connell
Durden ViceChairman Curry
Hand Secretary Daves
Allison Dorsey
Baker Drake
Branch Ennis
Burnside Fortson
Caldwell Foster
Cates Gavin
Clark Gillis
131
Growen Minchew
Grayson Phillips
Hagan Powell
Harden Roper
Hill of Clarke Rossee
Kendrick Sills
ey Smith of Muscogee
McCamy Thomas
McCracken Turner
Mason Weaver
Miller Wells of Ben Hill
SANITARIUM AT ALTO
Sumner Chairman Hooks
Gholston ViceChairman Johns
Wilbanks of Habersham Secretary Johnston of Worth
Alexander Joiner
Bates Jones
Battles Livingston
Bowen McEntire
Brewton McIntosh
Burton Mabry
Chance Malone
Dalton Mankin
Daves Medders
Dorsett Mills
Dukes Moore of Baldwin
Easier Moore of Taliaferro
Edwards Norman
Ferguson Odum
Giddens Ogburn
Gilbert Oliver
Gray Padgett
Guerry Parker
Hagan Rees
Hart of Thomas Reid
Hill of Clarke Roper
Hogg Roughton
132
Rowland
Russell
Salter
Smith of Oglethorpe
Sparks
Strickland
Swint
Thomas
Thurmond
Wells of Ben Hill
Wilbanks of Habersham
Woodruff
Yawn
SPECIAL APPROPRIATIONS
Ennis Chairman Rees ViceChairman Padgett Secretary Adams Bennett Bentley Boone Brunson Burton DuPree Dyal Edwards Etheridge Fisher Gaston Giddens Goldberg Hart of Quitman Hart of Thomas Hartness Hightower Johnson of Pike
Johnston of Worth
Jones
Malone
Mankin
Mixon
Moore of Taliaferro
Odum
Oliver
Overby
Park
Porter
Price
Riley
Rowland
Roughton
Salter
Sharpe
Smith of Dougherty Smith of Washington Wells of Ben Hill Wilson Wright
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Mims Chairman Alexander
Bowen ViceChairman Broome
Nicholson of Oconee Secretary Culpepper
133
Daves Odum
Gholston Pannell
Giddens Riddlespurger
Hagan Smith of Muscogee
Hartness Turner
Hicks Wells of Telfair
Hill of Clarke Wilson
Horne Whipple
Kendrick
STATE PRISON FARM
Oliver Chairman Hogg
Williams of Harris ViceChairman Howard
Looper Secretary Joiner
Alwood Jones
Anderson McEntire
Bates Malone
Battles Medders
Bowen Mills
Brewton Mims
Bridges Mixon
Broome Moate
Brunson Nicholson of Oconee
Burton Norman
Cowart Overby
Curry Padgett
Dorsett Parker
Easier Porter
Edwards Reid
Ferguson Riddlespurger
Fussell Roughton
Gavin Sharpe
Gray Smith of Dougherty
Greene of Schley Smith of Oglethorpe
Hart of Thomas Sumner
Heard Swint
Holley Thompson
Hooks Waller
134
Warnoek
Wilbanks of Cherokee Williams of Coffee
Woodruff
Yawn
STATE OF REPUBLIC
McCracken Chairman Grayson
Turner ViceChairman Hagan
Nicholson of Richmond Secretary Hand
Allison Hicks
Baker Heard
Branch Horne
Broome Hurst
Burnside Johnson of Chattahoo
Campbell of Newton Kelly of Walker
Cannon Kendrick
Cates Key
Connell Me Camy
Crummey McNall
Curry Mavity
Daves M inchew
Deal Mixon
Drake Moore of Taliaferro
Dunn Peck
Durden Phillips
Etheridge Powell
Fortson Reid
Foster Roper
Gardner Rossee
Gavin Smith of Dougherty
Gilbert Smith of Muscogee
Gillis Smith of Washington
Gowen Thurmond
Graham Wells of Ben Hill
Greene of Jones Welsch
Grayson Williams of Harris
Hagan Wilson
135
TEMPERANCE
Kelly of Walker Chairman Thomas ViceChairman Peck Secretary Alexander Baker Bargeron Brewton Cannon Clark Connell Copland Dorsey Drake Dunn Dnrden Ennis Ferguson Gardner Goldberg Gowen Grayson Greene of Jones Hand Hatchett
Holley
Jones
Key
Kendrick
Knabb
Littlejohn
McCamy
McNall
Miller
Mixon
Mims
Nicholson of Richmond Phillips
Rountree
Salter
Smith of Dougherty
Smith of Muscogee
Smith of Oglethorpe
Thrash
Thurmond
Turner
Weaver
Welsch
Williams of Coffee
TRAINING SCHOOLS
Moore of Baldwin Chairman Greene of Jones ViceChairman Chance Secretary Anderson Burnside Campbell of Polk Connell Cowart DuPree Ennis
Elliott
Gaskins
Gowen
Guerry
Hardy
Hogg
Holley
Johnson of Pike Johnston of Worth Mason
136
Mankin
Minchew
Mitchell
Moate
Pettit
Reid
Reynolds
Rossee
Smith of Carroll
Sumner
Sparks
Thrash
Welsch
Wells of Ben Hill Weaver
UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA
Fortson Chairman Bates ViceChairman Hagan Secretary Alexander Bates Boynton Branch Brewton Broome Brunson Caldwell Connell Dallis Dalton Durden Ennis Fussell Gardner Gholston Gillis Gowen Grayson Guerry Hand Hardy Heard Hicks Hightower Hill of Clarke Horne
Howard
Hubert
Hurst
Jennings of Sumter Jennings of Terrell Kendrick Key
McCamy
McCracken
Martin
Maund
Moore of Baldwin
Nicholson of Oconee
Nicholson of Richmond
Overby
Pirkle
Powell
Price
Pruitt
Ray
Reid
Rossee
Rountree
Sheppard
Sills
Smith of Carroll
Sumner
Swint
Thrash
Whipple
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UNIFORM STATE LAWS
Graham Chairman Guyton ViceChairman Hill of Clarke SecretaryBates Burnside Copland DuPree Dyal Ferguson Gardner Gaston
Greene of Schley
Hartness
Hatchett
Herndon
Horne
Mills
Mims
Odum
Smith of Carroll
Strickland
Thigpen
WAYS AND MEANS
Burnside Chairman Grayson ViceChairman Smith of Dougherty Secretary Adams Alexander Baker Bargeron Bennett Brewton Broome Burton Bynum Caldwell Cannon Cheshire Clark Copland Cowart Crummey Culpepper Curry Dallis Dorsey
Drake
Dunn
Durden
Edwards
Elliott
Gavin
Gholston
Gillis
Goldberg
Gowen
Greene of Jones
Guerry
Hagan
Hatchett
Hill of Clarke
Hogg
Holley
J oiner
Kendrick
Key
Littlejohn
Looper
Maund
138
Mavity Roper
Medders Miller Mims Moore of Baldwin Ogburn Pannell Peck Pettit Powell Pruitt Reynolds Rowland Salter Sumner Swint Thomas Turner Waller Wells of Ben Hill Williams of Gwinnett Wilson
WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILROAD
Brew ton Chairman Martin ViceChairman Sheppard Secretary Anderson Baker Bowen Bargeron Boynton Cowart Crummey Curry Etheridge Foster Fussell Gray Hart of Quitman Hartness Heard Hefner Hicks Jennings of Terrell Jones of Grady Knabb Looper Martin Maund Mavity Medders Mims Minchew Moore of Taliaferro Oliver Overby Peck Pirkle Porter Price Pruitt Ray Rountree Russell Smiley Smith of Washington Thigpen Thomas Thompson Warnock Wilbanks of Cherokee Williams of Gwinnett Willoughby Woodruff
139
Rules of the House of Representatives
ADOPTED FOR THE SESSIONS OF 19431944
THE SPEAKER
Rule 1 The Speaker shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the House the Speaker shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the House be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division t the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the Speaker shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any other member
Rule 3 When two or more members shall rise at the same time the Speaker shall name the person entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the Speaker unless otherwise ordered by the House
Rule 5 The method of stating a question or any motion by the Speaker after the same has been read to the House by the Clerk shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the Speaker or a division of the House is called for by any one member of the House the Speaker shall call upon the members in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the clerk he shall call upon the members to reverse their positions and the Speaker shall announce the result
Discretion of Speaker
When Speaker shall vote
Right of member to the floor to be decided by the Speaker
Appointment of Committees
Methods of stating a question by Speaker
143
Speaker may name members to preside Rule 6 The Speaker may during a days sitting name any member to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Duty of Clerk when Speaker is absent Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the Speaker shall be absent the Speaker pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Clerk of the House shall call the House to Order and shall preside until a Speaker pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the House The Speaker pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
Appeal from ruling of the Speaker Rule 8 Should any member of the House be dissatisfied with the ruling of the Speaker on any point he shall rise and respectfully address the Speaker and say I appeal from the decision of the Chair The Speaker will then state to the House the point ruled on and his decision on it and shall then put the question of appeal to the House as follows All in favor of the decision of the Chair standing as the sense of this House will say Aye Those opposed will say No and the decision of the House in sustaining or overruling the Speaker shall be final
When no debate on appeals Rule 9 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Appeals to be made at once Rule 10 All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
When members may address the House Rule 11 Where debate is permissible on appeals from the decision of the Chair any member after being recognized by the Speaker may address his remarks directly to the House
144
Rule 12 The Speaker shall have power to suspend ekret0 the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or fnate neglect of duty and when such suspension has been officers made he shall report the same to the House within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the House may see fit to take in the premises
Rule 13 The Speaker shall have power to cause when the galleries and lobbies of the House cleared by the may order
Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or and lobbies
x a a Hfe cleared
disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of the House to be dealt with for contempt of the House
Rule 14 When less than a quorum vote on any Noquorum subject under consideration by the House the Speaker duty of may order the bar of the House to be closed and the roll of members called by the Clerk and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the
House and if any member present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the House
Rule 15 The Speaker may at any time order the when roll called on any question and take the vote by may order yeas and nays where a division of the House dis by yeas closes the fact that a quorum of the House has not andnays voted
Rule 16 All questions as to the priority of busi Dmsons on ness to be acted on shall be decided by the Speaker 0f priority without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 17 When any member is about to speak in Conductof debate or deliver any matter to the House he shall debate rise and respectfully address himself to Mr Speaker
He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not
145
Time extended how
Expulsion
Exception to words spoken Proviso
speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken
No member of the House shall occupy the floor longer than one 1 hour in debating any question unless otherwise ordered by the House any any motion to limit or extend the time of individual speeches shall be decided without debate No such motion shall prevail unless it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting Such motion may be made at any time that the movant thereof may legitimately obtain the floor
If any member in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the House the Speaker shall call him to order in which case the member so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The House shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the House be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the House by a twothirds vote of the members which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays and recorded on the Journal of the House
Eule 18 If any member be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Clerk and read then admitted denied or explained by the member who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the House may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at any time the House is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main questions have been exhausted or until such further
146
tide as may then be ordered by the House But no member shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the House for words spoken in debate if any other member has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Buie 19 The members of the House shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking member shall have taken his seat
Buie 20 The members shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the place in which they may be or the county they represent
Buie 21 No member shall address the House except as heretofore stated in case of appeals or interrogate a member who is speaking except through the Speaker and should the member speaking decline to be interrupted the Speaker shall cause the member desiring to interrogate to be silent
Buie 22 Ho member shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is immediately and particularly interested In every case where the seat of a member is being contested the sitting member and the contestant shall both retire from the House before the vote is taken
Buie 23 Any member may enter a protest in writing against the action of the House said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of sucb protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the House nor any member thereof and such protest shall be entered by the Clerk upon the Journal of the House
Buie 24 No member shall converse with any one over the bar of the House
147
Silence
Mode of
designating
members
House how addressed Questions and interruptions
Shall not vote when interested in result
Protests
Smoking and conversation prohibited
Duty while member is speaking and at adjournment
Matters transpiring in Senate Committees and private conversation not to be referred to
Laudatory and disparaging remarks when forbidden
Applause and hisses forbidden
No debate during yeas and nays
Only one motion can be made at a time
Explanation
Rule 25 No member shall be permitted to enter upon the floor of the House or remain thereon in an intoxicated condition and the Messenger and the Doorkeepers of the House are specially charged with the rigid enforcement of this rule
Rule 26 No member shall pass between the Chair and a member while he is speaking nor shall any member at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the Speaker retires
Rule 27 No member shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another member or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the Senate
Rule 28 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 29 Applause or hisses in the Representative chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Rule 30 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Rule 31 No member can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the House he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the Speaker
Rule 32 On all questions except such as are not debatable any member on the call of the ayes and nays shall as a matter of right be allowed three minutes in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no member shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent of the House No motion shall
148
be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a members time for explaining
Eule 33 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any member it shall be determined by a vote of the House and this motion shall be decided without debate
Eule 34 Every member within the hall when a question is put shall vote unless he is immediately and particularly interested therein or the House shall excuse him A motion to excuse a member from voting must be made before the House divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decidd without debate except that the member making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
Eule 35 Ho member shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then make any motion the effect of which is to cut off debate without relinquishing the floor
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Eule 36 Any member may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Eule 37 The member calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by themselves and be consistent and entire
Eule 38 A qualifying paragraph an exception or a proviso if taken from that to which it belongs would not contain a distinct or entire proposition
Eule 39 A motion to strike out and insert is an indivisible proposition
Reading of papers
When members shall vote
Motion to excuse when made Excuses from voting
Call for a division
Division how made
Qualifying paragraph exception and provision
Strike out and insert not divisible
149
Call of counties
Bills and resolutions called in order Proviso
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Rule 40 The Clerk shall on Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call the counties for the introduction of new matter beginning alternately at the first and last of the alphabet Provided that no member shall introduce more than one bill of a general nature on any day except companion bills and provided further no bill providing for an appropriation of money shall be introduced during the last thirty days of a regular session except by consent of twothirds of the House which twothirds shall be equal to a majority of all of the members elected to the House The question of the introduction of such bill shall be debatable for ten minutes five minutes by the author or other member designated by him and five minutes by member or members opposing such introduction
S
Rule 41 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the numerical order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Clerk shall distinctly state its number and the name of the member by whom introduced provided that House and Senate bills and resolutions adversely reported shall not be taken up for a second reading except by request of the authors of such bill or resolution or some member of the House provided that the General Tax Bill and the General Appropriation Bill shall take precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said Bills shall have been finally disposed of In order that the proper numerical order may be accurately and fairly determined as between bills and resolutions it shall be the duty of the Clerk to place on each bill and resolution as same is read the first time a number following the numerical order in which said bills and resolutions are read the first time adopting one series of numbers
150
and the same series of numbers for both bills and resolutions and not a separate series of numbers as heretofore practiced
Eule 42 Every motion to suspend the rules for the purpose of taking up bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion to make special orders shall be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Eules before being submitted to the House
Eule 43 The Speaker shall not recognize any Effect of
i P i p i unanimoi
member at any time tor the purpose o asking nnan consent imous consent for the introduction of new matter nor to read any bill or resolution the second time or any local bill or resolution a third time or to put any local bill or resolution upon its passage or to recommit a bill or resolution or to withdraw from one committee and recommit to another a bill or resolution except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal or after the reading of the Journal has been dispensed with The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to put any general bill or resolution upon its passage or to read such bill or resolution second time and recommit The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any time
The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to make a special order or to change the order of business except that by unanimous consent an order of business may be fixed for the period of Unanimous Consents
The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to cast his vote on any motion resolution amend
151
Suspension of rules
No debate
ment bill or other question nor shall any member be permitted to cast his vote on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question until the question is put to the House by the Speaker on viva voce vote or division of the House or until after the roll call has begun
The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 44 The rules of this House known as Constitutional rules shall in no case be suspended all other rules shall in no case be suspended nor changed nor the order of business be changed except by a vote of twothirds of the members voting Provided however that in order to so change or suspend the rules or change the order of business said twothirds so voting in favor of said change or suspension shall constitute a majority of the members of the whole House
Rule 45 No suspension of change or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition or suspension of be first referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the House Provided however that immediately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day following the introduction in the House of the proposed change or addition to these rules the Committee on Rules shall report the same back to the House A failure to so report such proposed change or addition to these rules for two days shall automatically bring said proposed change or addition before the House for consideration
Rule 46 Any motion to suspend rules or change the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate Provided however that whenever a report from the Committee on Rules is submitted to the House the questions arising on said report shall be debatable until the report of the Corn
152
mittee is agreed to or disagreed to or the main question is ordered There shall be no debate however on the report of the Committee on Rules during the last fourteen days of the session
Rule 47 It shall be in order to introduce bills or other matter upon the call of the counties without any previous notice having been given for that purpose
Rule 48 No debate shall be admitted upon any Bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any Bill or Resolution or other matter requiring reference to a Committee the Speaker shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the House
No bill or resolution shall be engrossed except upon the affirmative vote of twothirds of the members present No member shall be recognized at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to engross a bill or resolution When a motion to engross is made which motion may be made upon reading the bill the first time and at no other time no debate shall be permitted except that the movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Clerk and the Bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed In cases where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question Where the report of av committee is adverse to the passage of a bill on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee
Bills etc when introduced
No debate on first reading
Effect of favorable report of committee
153
Bills when withdrawn
Adverse report of committee Tranmission to Senate majority vote
Bills when printed
If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill shall he lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill shall be passed to a third reading mil ess recommitted Any hill may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the House
When motion is made to refer a bill or resolution to a committee other than the one to which it is referred by the Speaker even though instructions be added no debate shall be permitted except that movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes No debate shall be permitted unless instructions are added
All resolutions providing for appointment of committees of inquiry or investigation and any and all other resolutions not privileged except motions for information from the Executive Department and any other Department of the State Government shall he referred by the Speaker to the appropriate committee unless by order of the House referred to some other committee
Rule 49 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the Senate on the day of the passage thereof unless twothirds of the members present shall so order
Rule 50 No hill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the House by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the House agreeing thereto No request for unanimous consent or motion to print a bill shall be made except immediately following the thirty minute period of Unanimous Consents No debate shall be permitted on such a motion except that the movant may speak to his motion not longer than three minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto
154
for three minutes provided however that when a bill is actually before the House for consideration such request for unanimous consent or a motion to print may be made but the motion to print shall not take precedence of any other motion permitted under Rule Ho 55 The motion to print may be made after the motion to table or the motion to postpone to a time certain shall have prevailed The debate on such motion shall be limited as above set forth
Rule 51 All proceedings touching the appropriating of money shall be considered in the Committee of the Whole House
Rule 52 All bills and resolutions shall be in writing and shall have the name of the member introducing the same as well as the county he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same
Rule 53 Where a bill or resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee reportshall be acted on by the House and in all cases the report of the Committee of the Whole House shall be first acted on by the House
Rule 54 The Committee on Rules during the last twentyone days of each session shall arrange a calendar for each days business and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing Special Order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order fixed by such calendar except by a vote of a majority of all of the members elected to the House During the period of operation under this rule the calendar or order of business fixed by committee on rules shall be read by the clerk immediately after Confirmation of the Journal of
Committee of the Whole House See Rule 107 et al
Bills and Resolutions to be in writing How indorsed
Reports of committees order of action
155
Order of precedence
Not debatable when may be renewed
each morning session and immediately after Call of the Roll of each afternoon session and any motion to amend such report either by striking inserting or changing the order shall be made within the first thirty minutes after the reading of such report After the reading of such report and announcement by the Speaker that it is in order for such motions to be made and no such motions being made the House shall proceed to business under the calendar so fixed after which no such motion shall be made during that session No such motion to amend the report of the Committee on Rules shall be debatable during the period of operation under this Rule
PRECEDENCE OE MOTIONS
Rule 55 When any subject is before the House for consiedration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st Motion to adjourn
2nd A motion to lay on table
3rd A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to adjourn to a time definite
5th A motion to postpone indefinitely
6th A motion to postpone to a day certain
7th A motion to commit
8th A motion to amend
9th A motion to print
Which said motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand as above arranged
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 56 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time nntil further progress has been made in the business before the House A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
156
Rule 57 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the House is not actually engaged in other business is debatable
Rule 58 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the member moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 59 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Clerk has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced but in such cases the rolicall shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced before a motion to adjourn shall be in order
Rule 60 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the House to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 61 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a priorresolution shall arrive while the vote of the House is being taken by yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the House is acting on the main question jrfter the main question has been ordered and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the House shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
When made debatable
When not in order
Effect of adjournment
Hour of adjournment What business postponed
157
Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table
How matters may be taken from table
Effect of vote to table
Effect of vote to take from table
No motion to table in order until rollcall is completed
When renewed
Not debatable or amendable
MOTIONS TO LAY ON TABLE
Buie 62 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order
Rule 63 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the House is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken up the same is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 64 If the motion to lay on the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the House the measure together with all the motions attached to it at the time it is so disposed of
Rule 65 When the proposition is again taken from the table it stands before the House in the exact form with all the motions pertaining to it just as it did at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed
Rule 66 After a yea and nay vote is called on any bill or resolution the House not acting at the time under the previous question jp and one vote has been recorded no motion to table shall he in order until the rollcall shall have been completed When any bill or resolution is tabled after the completion of the rollcall and then taken from the table nothing can be done except to announce the result of said vote as shown by said rollcall at the time said bill or resolution was tabled
Rule 67 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened betwen the votes
Rule 68 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
158
Rule 69 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
Rule 70 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted on the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in ordef
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 71 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except a motionto adjourn or to lay on the table but neither of said motions shall be made but once until after the previous question has been exhausted and when it is moved the question shall be Shall the motion for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority of a quorum in th affirmative and the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum all other motions except one to reconsider the action in ordering the main question will be out of order and the House cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives But no motion to reconsider the action of the House in ordering the main question shall be in order after the Clerk has called the first name on call of the ayes and nays and the vote of any member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on the vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced in such cases the roll call shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced
Rule 72 When the previous question has been ordered the House shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the
What can be tabled
When in order
Effect of previous question
Twenty
minutes
debate
allowed
159
Vote how taken
Effect of main question being ordered
Contested
Election
How Called and Ordered
main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate Where the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the hill or other measure may yield the floor to such members as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule This rule shall not he construed to allow the twenty minutes above referred to to he used but once on any bill or measure and then on the final passage of the hill or measure
Rule 73 After the main question is ordered any member may call for a division of the House in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays if the call for the yeas and nays is sustained by onefifth of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the yeas and nays and so entered on the Journal
Rule 74 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the House to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 75 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any question if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes alldwed to the member whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 76 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
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Rule 77 A call of the House shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the Speaker that a quorum is not present x
Rule 78 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Rule 79 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Rule 80 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
Rule 81 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 82 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 83 The motion to postpone a bill resolution or other measure to a day certain when decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum removes the subject from before the House until the time designated and makes it a privileged question for that day so selected
Call of the House when in order
Question of order
Effect
Not amendable
When cannot be applied
Not renewed
161
Effect of negative vote
May be
amended
To a day beyond the session
Debate when and how allowed
Motion how applied
Motion to commit
Precedence
of
Rule 84 If the motion to postpone a bill a resolution or other measure is decided in the negative it leaves the question before the House as it was before the motion was made and it cannot be moved a second time on same day ot at the same stage of the proceeding
Rule 85 This motion to postpone to a day certain may be amended by substituting one day for another In this case the time would be treated as a blank and the Speaker should treat these propositions as he would those to fill blanks
Rule 86 If a day designated is known to be beyond the session the Speaker shall treat the motion as though it had been a motion to indefinitely postpone the subject
Rule 87 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone andto show why one day is preferred to another It shall be the duty of the Speaker to hold members rigidly to these points
Rule 88 This motion cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but must be applied to the whole bill resolution or other measure before the House and when it prevails it carries forward the whole proposition and its appendages to the day named
MOTIONS TO COMMIT
Rule 89 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee or committee of the whole House
Rule 90 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit
162
to a special committee and shall be first voted on but where a motion is made that a bill resolution or other measure be committed to the committee of the whole House this motion shall be put before either of the above named motions
Rule 91 On a motion simply to commit no debate when deshall be allowed but where instructions are added batablethe merits of the question can be debated
Rule 92 A motion to commit may be amended by How adding instructions or by substituting another com amendedmittee for the one named by the member making the motion
Rule 93 Any proposition that has been referred Motion to to any committee either standing or special may on recommitmotion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTIONS TO AMEND
Rule 94 There are three ways in which a propo Amendsition may be amended towit Sade hw
1st By inserting or adding words
2d By striking out words
3d By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended m all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 95 A substitute is simply an amendment Substitute it is in effect a motion to strike out all after the enacting clause of a bill or the word Resolved in a resolution and insert that offered as a substitute
163
Bill first perfected then the substitute
When too late to amend
Must be in writing
Priority
Blanks
Caption
when
amended
Amending by sections
Rule 96 When a bill or resolution is before the House for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall he offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the House to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it he amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall he Shall this hill pass or resolution be adopted as the ease may be by substitute
Rule 97 An amendment cannot he offered after the report of the committee to which was referred the hill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the House unless said action of the House in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Rule 98 All motions to amend any matter before the House must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the hill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 99 On all questions whether in committee or in the House the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 100 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 101 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not he considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Rule 102 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and
164
the House shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Clerk in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution aird the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Clerk without any motion being made in the House and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur and amend it
Rule 103 Ho motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment
Rule 104 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Clerk shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 105 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a part of a bill or resolution any amendment offered to perfect the part proposed tn be stricken shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
Rule 106 When any bill or resolution which originated in the House has been amended in the Senate and is before the House for action on the Senate amendment an amendment may be offered in the House to the Senate amendment but the House amendment to the Senate amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 107 A motion to amend an amendment made by the Senate to the House bill or resolution takes precedence over a motion to agree to disagree to said amendment
Amendments by striking out and inserting
Priority of amendment to perfect
Amending
Senate
Amendments
See Bule 126
Priority
165
Priority of Rule 108 The questions which arise before the
Sir n House respecting amendments by the Senate to a House amendments resolution are
1st A motion to agree to the Senateamendment
2d A motion to disagree to the Senate amendment
3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order
The Speaker is authorized on his own motion or upon point or order being made when in his opinion a Senate Amendment to a House Bill is not germane or if adopted would render the bill unconstitutional to rule out such amendment the effect of which ruling of the Speaker if not appealed from or if appealed from and the appeal not sustained shall be the same as a vote of the House to disagree and as such the Clerk shall report it to the Senate Such Joint of order shall take precedence over a motion to agree
Provided that when any question of disagreement with the Senate arises the following motions shall be in order at any time the movant can legally obtain the floor and debate thereon limited as in the case of reconsideration 1st a motion to insist upon the House position 2nd a motion to recede from the House position which motions shall be put in the order listed subject to disposition by the House of any amendmeilts or substitutes affecting the matter in disagreement
Majority Rule 108A In order to adopt a Senate AmendadopTsenate ment to a House bill or resolution and in order to ormConfrence adopt a report of a conference committee the said Committee amendment or conference committee report must
Report auicuuimxiu
receive a majority vote of the entire membership
166
elected to the House of Representatives Any rule contravening the letter or spirit of this Rule is hereby repealed
RECONSIDERATION
Rule 109 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any member whether said member previously voted in the affirmative or negative on the matter sought to be reconsidered to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter as has been previously reconsidered provided such member shall notify the House of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed Provided further that the action of the House on Senate amendments shall be in order for reconsideration immediately and not otherwise
Rule 110 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Rule 111 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Rule 112 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the order of unanimous consent on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action
Rule 113 The action of the House upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
Rule 114 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
COMMITTEE ON THE WHOLE HOUSE
Rule 115 The Speaker may resolve the House into a Committee of the Whole without a motion being
Motion to reconsider
Shall not be withdrawn when
When there may be one reconsideration
When in order
Amendments when reconsidered
Place of calendar
When ordered by Speaker
167
See Rule 44
When ordered by the House
How formed
made therefor whenever a bill or resolution shall be in order for consideration on its third reading before the House which is required by the rules of this House to he considered in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 116 The House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose provided however that notice of intention to make such motion shall be given during the session of the preceding day individual speeches on such motion being limited to three minutes If such notice shall not have been given the motion shall prevail if it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting and which twothird shall also constitute a majority of all of the members elected to the House and provided further whenever the House either by its own vote or by unanimous consent shall commit any bill or resolution to Committee of the Whole House and subsequently a motion shall be made to resolve the House into Committee of the Whole to consider such hill or resolution and such motion shall be lost the said motion shall not be again renewed but it shall be the duty of the Speaker to require the Clerk to read the bill or resolution again on the following days session under the order of Introduction of New Matter or Reading of Bills the First Time and to refer such bill or resolution to the appropriate committee unless otherwise ordered by the House provided however that for the consideration of the General Tax Bill and General Appropriation Bill the House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose and no previous notice shall be necessary
Rule 117 In forming a Committee of the Whole House the Speaker shall leave the chair and a Chair
168
man to preside in committee shall be appointed by the Speaker
Kule 118 In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be first read throughout by the Clerk and then again be read or debated by clauses or sections leaving the preamble to be last considered unless otherwise ordered
Rule 119 The Rules of the House shall be observed by the Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable except that it can not refer a matter to any other committee it can not adjourn the previous question can not be enforced a motion to lay on the table or indefinitely postpone shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the House shall be in order nor shall any vote be taken by yeas and nays
Rule 120 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it shall be desired to close the debate or to limit the time to be allowed members for speaking the committee may rise and report its desire to the House and the House shall take such action thereon as it may see fit by a resolution agreed for that purpose said resolution shall apply only to the subjectmatter before said committee and when said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the House the action of the House shall be deemed the sense of the committee and the House may then on motion again resolve itself into Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of the subject
Rule 121 In the event that a Committee of the Whole House at any sitting shall for want of time fail to complete any matter under consideration it may on motion at any time in the committee made rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally or at a day certain
Rule 122 A motion that the committee rise and report progress and ask leave to sit again can be made at any time when the mover thereof can legiti
Proceedings
Rule in committee
Debate how closed
Time of how extended
Motion to rise etc
169
Reconsid
eration
Duty of Chairman when no quorum is present
All members shall vote unless excused
Amendments
Disorderly
conduct
reported
Chairman may order galleries cleared
mately obtain the floor and shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without debate and when it prevails the committee shall immediately rise and when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall automatically rise and the Speaker shall assume the Chair
Rule 123 A motion to reconsider shall be in order in Committee of the Whole
Rule 124 The Committee of the Whole shall not proceed with the business before it whenever a vote on any question shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present Whenever it is suggested that a quorum is not present the Chairman of the committee shall satisfy himself of the fact by actual count of the committee and report the same to the committee and the Chairman shall on his own motion order that the committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the House
Rule 125 The Speaker may in Committee of the Whole take part in the proceedings and he as well as all other members shall vote on all questions before the committee unless excused therefrom and no pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 126 Amendments proposed by the Committee of the Whole may he amended or rejected by the House and matters stricken out by the committee may be restored by the House
Rule 127 A Committee of the Whole House can not punish disorderly conduct of its members but must report the same to the House for action thereon
Rule 128 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared in case of any disorderly conduct therein
170
Eule 129 When the Committee of the Whole have disposed pf the bill resolutions or other measures before it by motion and question it shall rise and the Chairman will be instructed to report the action of the Committee to the House At this point the Speaker will resume his seat and the Chairman will return to the floor and will state in substance as follows Mr Speaker the Committee of the Whole House have had under consideration naming what and have instructed me as their Chairman to report the same back to the House with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended or do not pass as the case may be
The Speaker will receive this report and repeat the same and the matter will then be before the House for action just as though reported by any other Committee
Eule 130 The proceedings of the Committee of the Whole shall not be recorded in the Journal of the House except so far as reported to the House by the Chairman of said committee
Eule 131 When in the Committee of the Whole any papers in the possession of the House may be called for by any member and read by the Clerk for the information of the committee unless the committee shall otherwise order
Eule 132 Amendments offered to an amendment in the Committee of the Whole shall not he reported to the House hut the report shall contain only the result of the committees action on the bill resolution or measure under consideration before it
ABSENTEES
Eule 133 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the House ana also the reading of the Journal shall not be dispensed with except by a vote of twothirds of the members present The motion to dispense with the roll call and to dispense with the reading of the Journal shall be decided without debate
Proceedings of when business before it is finished
Record
Papers may be called for
Report shall contain result of committees action
Morning rollcall dispensed with by twothirds vote
171
Names of absentees noted
Duty of
Auditing
Committee
Excuses of members
Power to compel attendance
Rule 134 Upon the call of all the members ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Clerk and shall appear upon the Journal And it shall be the duty of the Clerk to keep a separate list of the absentees from each days proceedings which list shall be entered upon the Journal and shall show which of said absentees are absent without leave and of those absent with leave which are absent for providential causes and which for business reasons which said separate list shall be read in the House with the Journal upon which the same is entered
The Clerk shall also keep in a book accessible to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave the names of all such absentees noting such as are absent without leave and the member so absent without leave unless excused by the House are so absent
It shall be the duty of the Committee on Auditing to inquire into the matter before passing upon any members account
Excuses of members absent without leave shall be submitted to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave and the recommendation of some member of said committee shall be necessary to have said excuse allowed by the House
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 135 The power to compel the attendance of members in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the Speaker and to this end he may have the doors of the House closed When the doors are so closed no member shall be allowed to retire from the House without first obtaining leave from the House
172
The Messenger of the House shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the House and on order of the Speaker may arrest any absentees and bring them before the House when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE HOUSE
Rule 136 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present or when the Speaker shall officially state the fact to the House it shall he in order for any member to make a motion for a call of the House and when this motion is made the Speaker shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the House prevail and if fifteen of the membrs present shall vote in the affirmative the Speaker shall order the Clerk to call the roll of members and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the members present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by the officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the House shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
Rule 137 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4
Rule 138 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and
Sergeant
atarms
What is a quorum Compelling attendance
Oath of members
173
Majority required to pass bill
Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members
Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays
Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays
Beading of bills
on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment he most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
Rule 139 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14
Rule 140 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6
Rule 141 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12
Rule 142 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall he entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21
Rule 143 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third reading of local bills must be full and complete
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5
174
Rule 144 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives hut the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10
Rule 145 No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8
Rule 146 No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17
Rule 147 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provisions have been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
Rule 148 The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
Revenue
bills
One subject matter etc
An amendmen to laws and sections of Code
General laws how varied
Consent and when required
Corpora
tions
Power delegated to courts
175
Relief of recognizance
What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appropriations by separate bills
Adjourn
ments
Elections
Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote
Buie 149 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Buie 150 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriation fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9
Buie 151 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24
Buie 152 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Bepresentatives When the Senate and House of Bepresentatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Bepresentative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result
Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1
Buie 153 No bill or ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any
176
other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13
Rule 154 The General Assembly shall meet on the second Monday in January 1933 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the day shall be changed by law Such session shall continue no longer than ten 10 days
The General Assembly shall reconvene in regular session on the second Monday after the 4th of July 1933 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the date shall be changed by law No such regular session shall continue longer than sixty 60 days
For complete description of Article see page 222 herein
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3
Rule 155 Each House shall be the judge of th election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have the power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1
Rule 156 No provision of this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23
Rule 157 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sundays excepted after it has been
January session limited to ten days
Regular Session limited to sixty days
Elections
disorderly
conduct
Expulsion by twothirds vote
Signature of Governor when required
Governors
veto
Effect of twothirds vote thereon
When Governor must approve
Twothirds
vote
required
Twothirds vote required on amendments to Constitution
presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16
Rule 158 Every note resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 17
Rule 159 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4
Rule 160 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional Districts for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amend
178
ments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
Eule 161 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2
Eule 162 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries not to exceed four thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Court shall have salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office
The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such changes shall affect the officers then in commission
Art 6 Sec 13 Pars 1 and 2
Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called
Salaries of Judges
May be changed by a twothirds vote
179
Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same
Messages
Messages when received and considered
Petitions
Motions
Rule 168 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 164 When a message shall be sent to the House of Representatives it shall be announced at the door of the House by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 165 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce is being taken A message shall be presented to the House by the Speaker when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business in which the House is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the House
Rule 166 It shall be the order of the day every Wednesday to take up and decide on reports of Committees on Petitions and all Petitions shall be numbered as they are received and taken up and disposed of in the order they were received unless otherwise ordered by a majority of a quorum
Rule 167 After a motibn is stated by the Speaker or read by the Clerk it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the House but may be withdrawn at any time before the decision by the unanimous consent of the House
180
Buie 168 Any member presenting a petition mmorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memoralist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Rule 169 The several standing committees of the House shall have leave to report by bill or otherwise The report of the Committee on Rules is in order at any time when the House is not actually engaged in other business
Rule 170 The Clerk of the House shall take an oath for the true and faithful discharge of the duties of his office to the best of his knowledge and abilities and shall be deemed to continue in office until another be elected
Rule 171 The Clerk shall take special care of the books provided for the use of the House
Rule 172 The Committee on Enrollment shall carefully compare enrolled bills and resolutions and correcting any errors that may be discovered in the enrolled bills or other papers make their report forthwith to their respective Houses
Rule 173 Verification of a roll call vote can be dispensed with only by unanimous consent the Speaker shall not entertain a motion to that effect
Rule 174 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Clerk shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Rule 175 When a motion is made by any member it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the House
Rule 176 After the announcement of the stand ing committee no other members shall be placed thereon except when members have been elected to
Petitions
memorials
etc
Committees
Clerk
Clerk
Duties of Committee on Enrollment
Motions not privileged
Not necessary to second motion
Committees how and when engaged
181
Privileges on the floor
Privileges of the floor
Duty of Committee on Journals
Members to receipt Clerk for books and papers
fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the Speaker may assign said members to snch committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 177 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the House except the members and officers thereof the officers and members of the Senate the Governor of the State and the heads of the officers of the Executive Department Members of Congress from Georgia State House officers and members of the press actively reporting Legislative proceedings exGovernors Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral in actual commission expresiding officers of the House and Senate Judges and DistrictAttorneys of the United States Courts and such others as the House may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on the Privileges of the Floor The report of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor may be made at any time the chairman of the committee is recognized by the Speaker Privileges of the floor and use of the press table shall be extended only to those representatives of the press bearing proper credentials from recognized newspapers of general circulation and telegraphic press associations provided that no person shall be admitted on the floor of the House who is engaged in lobbying or in attempting to influence legislation
Rule 178 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the House that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Clerk
Rule 179 No member shall take any books or papers from the possession of the House or Clerk without first acquainting the Clerk and giving him a receipt to return the same in a reasonable time or on his demand
182
Rule 180 The House shall Convene at 10 a m Adjournment Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the House an meetmg The hour of adjournment to be fixed by a majority of said House on motion without debate
Rule 181 A motion for the call of the yeas and Motion for nays shall be decided without debate nlysnot
debatable
Rule 182 All Acts and joint resolutions shall be osaklr signed by the Speaker and Clerk and all writs war and Clerkrants and subpoenas issued by order of the House shall be signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk
Rule 183 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to Dutyof attend to the wants of the House while in session e ger to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the Speaker to execute the demands of the House from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the Speaker
Rule 184 The Messenger under the direction of Messengers the Clerk shall superintend the distribution by the Knng8 Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed ftccuments to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Rule 185 Ho Committee of the Whole or other interiineacommittee shall deface or interline a bill resolution fidenr or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendment ypcommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendment relates
Rule 186 Ho pairing of members shall be recog Pairingnized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Rule 187 Whenever any member moves that mittee Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of ferencethe two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the Speaker
183
Authority of
Conference
Committees
Amend
ments
Majority and
minority
reports
shall appoint a committee on the part of the House and in such case the committee shall consist of only such members as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the House and if by inadvertence any member be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the House and he excused by the Speaker
Eule 187a No conference committee appointed by the House or under its authority shall be authorized to agree to any proposal whereby matter new and different from the action of the House and Senate is recommended All conference committees on the part of the House shall be limited in authority to composing the difference between House and Senate on the measure that is referred to said conference committee and any report from any conference committee which exceeds the authority as outlined here shall be out of order and theSpeaker shall so declare and upon his failure to do so at the suggestion of any member the question shall be submitted to the House as to whether the conference committee has exceeded its authority If upon vote it is determined that said action is in excess of the authority of said committee the committee shall be automatically discharged and the report disregarded All rules contravening the letter or spirit of this rule in so far as this rule is affected are to be disregarded
Eule 188 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the Hpuse it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the House hut the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Eule 189 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
184
Rule 190 Every moti6n for information from the Executive Department or any other Department of the State Government shall lie on the table one day and on the following day such motion shall be deemed privileged and shall be in order for immediate consideration at the request of the author or any other member of the House
Rule 191 On the call of the yeas and nays the Clerk shall read the names of the members after they have been called and no member shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 192 Questions of privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the House collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of members individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence over all other questions except a motion to adjourn Provided that when any matter is before the House no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question shall be disposed of
Rule 193 In all elections a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Rule 194 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing Rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
Rule 195 The Auditing Committee shall before auditing the account of any member for expenses of a committeeman or any account prescribed by a member for any expense incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of this House require of such an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item of said account
What motions lie on table
Changing
votes
Questions of
privilege
Proviso
185
ORDER OE BUSINESS
Rule 196 The following shall be the order of business
1 Scripture Reading and Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of the committee on the Journal
4 Reading of the Journal
5 Confirmation of the Journal
6 Unanimous consents
7 Motions to reconsider
8 Reports of standing committees
9 House hills favorably reported for a second reading
10 Unfinished business of previous session
11 Orders of the day
12 On Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call of the counties for the introduction of new matter On Mondays and Wednesdays third reading of Senate bills and resolutions
13 House bills and resolutions for third reading and House bills and resolutions with Senate amendments
14 On Tuesdays House bills on the calendar adversely reported for a second reading
15 On Mondays and Fridays immediately after the call of the counties Senate bills for first and second reading shallbe in order
186
16 On Wednesdays immediately after the call of the counties all petitions and reports of committees on petitions shall be in order
17 Bills of Senate for third reading
18 Senate resolutions
19 Report of committees on enrollment may be made at any time
20 After the regular order of business for each day shall have been exhausted House Bills for first and second reading and Senate Bills for first and second reading respectively shall be in order
Unless otherwise ordered by the House no general bills or resolutions shall be in order for a third reading or for reconsideration at Saturdays session General bills or resolutions otherwise in order for reconsideration on Saturday shall stand over until the following Monday
Rule 197 No committee of the House shall consist of more than twentyfive members This rule however shall not apply to the following committees Amendments to the Constitution No 1 Amendments to Constitution No 2 Appropriations Commerce Counties and County Matters Education No 1 Education No 2 Georgia State Sanitarium General Agriculture No 1 General Agriculture No 2 General Judiciary No 1 General Judiciary No 2 Historical Research Legislative and Congressional Reapportionment Motor Vehicles Municipal Government Penitentiary Public Highways No 1 Public Highways No 2 Public Utilities State Prison Farm University System of Georgia Ways and Means Western and Atlantic Railroad
187
COMMITTEES
Buie 198 The Speaker shall appoint the follow committees
Academy for the Blind
Amendments to the Constitution No One Amendments to the Constitution No Two Appropriations
Auditing
Aviation
Banks and Banking
Commerce
Conservation
Corporations
Counties and County Matters
Drainage
Education No One
Education No Two
Engrossing
Enrollmnt
Excuspof Members Absent without Leave
Oame and Eish
General Agriculture No One
General Agriculture No Two
General Judiciary No One
General Judiciary No Two
Georgia School for the Deaf
Georgia State Sanitarium
Halls and Booms
Historical Besearch
Hygiene and Sanitation
Industrial Belations
Insurance
Invalid Pensions and Soldiers Home
188
J ournals
Legislative and Congressional Reapportion mm L Manufactures
Military Affairs
Mines and Mining
Motor Vehicles
Municipal Government
Penitentiary
Pensions
Privileges and Elections
Privileges of the Floor
Public Highways Ho One
Public Highways Ho Two
Public Library
Public Printing
Public Property
Public Utilities
Public Welfare
Railroads
Rules
Sanitarium at Alto
Special Appropriations
Special Judiciary
State of Republic
State Prison Farm
Temperance
Training Schools
Uniform State Laws
University System of Georgia
Ways and Means
Western and Atlantic Railroad
The Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Coir mittee on Appropriations shall be exofficio membej
189
of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Ways and Means shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
Rule 199 Whenever any bill or resolution has been referred to a committee and the same has been held in the custody or control of such committee for ten days without reporting on same the author of such bill or any member of the House shall have the right immediately after the confirmation of the Journal to give notice that on the next regular meeting of the House he will submit a motion instructing such committee to report such bill back to the House after which on the next regular meeting day of the House any member of the House immediately after the confirmation of the Journal may move to instruct such committee to report such bill or rsolution back to the House and if the motion prevails it shall be the duty of such committee to report such bill or resolution accordingly with or without recommendation as the case may be at the next regular session and upon failure of said Committee to report such bill accordingly the same shall automatically be returned to the House for consideration Debate on said motion to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House shall be limited to twenty minutes unless otherwise ordered by the House and when such bill or resolution is so reported or returned to the House it may he referred or committed as other bills or resolutions Provided that any motion or resolution to set a special order or to change the order of business for any particular day which has been referred to the Committee on Rules may be held in the custody and control of such committee only three days instead of ten days under this rule It shall be the duty of the committee to which any measure providing for an appropriation is referred to report such bill or measure back to the House at least fifteen days prior to the last day of
190
the session regardless of any such notice or motion by the author or any other member
Rule 200 In drawing for seats all members except those who have been permitted by the House to select seats without drawing shall retire to the rear of the Hall The names of all counties printed on separate slips of paper shall be deposited in a box and the box placed on the Clerks desk The names of the counties shall be drawn separately from the box and announced by the Clerk from his desk
When the name of a county is announced the member or members from that county shall come forward to the Clerks desk and secure a desk card with name and county printed thereon and then proceed to select his seat All desks shall be arranged in their proper position on the floor of the House and no desk shall be moved or changed
The Speaker shall have the right to reserve seats for the chairmen of the committees on Appropriations and Ways and Means and for the vicechairman of Committee on Rules before the dawing for seats
INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF
Georgia House of Representatives
ABSENTEES Rule No
Auditing Committee duty as tojgSl v 134
Clerks duty as to 134
Roll call dispensed with when 133
ADJOURN MOTION TO
Committee of whole not in order in 119
Definite time debatable whenJL 57
Effect when motion prevails 60
Motion not debatable56180
Motion not amendable g 56
Motion when in order 58
Motion when not in order 59
Precedence of motion j 55
Shall not be made second time until when56
ADJOURNMENT
Constitutional time limit 151
Courtesy to speaker at time of i 26
Effect of 60
Effect when hour of arrives when House acting
under previous question g 61
Effect when hour of arrives during vote by yeas and nays 61 Hour of fixed by House 180
ADVERSE REPORT
Bills and resolutions adversely reported taken up when 41
Debate on final passage 72
Effect of on bills 43
AMENDMENTS
Applicable to an amendmentv 94
Bills or resolutions amended by sections102
Bill perfected before caption or preamble1i 101
Bills perfected before substitute l 96
Blanks must be filled 100
Clerks duty in amending by striking out and inserting 104
Committee of whole action on 126
Committee of whole what reported to House 132
193
Rule No
Germane must bep 103
Motion to amend how madei 94
Motion to commit amendableJ 92
Motion to postpone indefinitely not amendable 80
Motion to postpone to time definite amendable 85
Motion to table amendment not in order 62
Motion to table not amendable T 68
Must be in writing 98
Precedence of motion to amend 55
Priority of amendments 99
Priority of amendments to perfect part proposed
to be stricken 105
Priority of over motion to agree or disagree 107
Priority of questions on Senate Amendments to H B 108
Priority of on passage of bill 188
Senate amendments to H B House amendments in order 106
Senate majority vote to adopt 108a
Reconsidered when 113
Substitute is an amendment 95
When in order 188
When toolate 97188
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION
Submission to people 160
Convention called 161
APPEALS
From Speakers decision 8
Members may address House 11
No debate when of personal character1 9
To be made at once 10
APPLAUSE
Speakers right to suppress SJ 29
APPROPRIATIONS
General bill right of way 41
Governors power over u 157
Considered in committee of whole 51
House must originate 5 144
ATTENDANCE
Call of House 136
Messengers duty 135
Power to compel1135136
Speakers duty Tr 135
194
AUDITING COMMITTEE
Rule No
Absentees duty as tov 134
Accounts of members duty as toL v i 195
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Amendments and substitutes bill first perfected 96
Amendments by sections 102
Amendments to Code sections V 146
Amendments to passed on before those to caption
or preamble 101
Appropriations House must originatel 144
Clerk to state number and author when reading 41
Clerk to call in order on calendar 41
Committee of whole how read 118
Committee reports favorable effect of 48
Committee reports unfavorable effects ofr48
Committee reports order of precedence 53
Corporations laws relating to 148
Engrossment effect of1L 48
General appropriations what to embrace 150
General laws how changed 147
Governors approval necessary i j158
Governors failure to return 157
Governors veto 157
Immediate transmission when 49
Introduction when 47
Printed when 50
Reconsideration effect of 8 114
Rejected when again considered 153
Relief of principals and sureties 149
Requirements for 52
Speakers duty to commit21 48
Special laws prohibited when 147
Subjectmatter only one and expressed in title 145
Unanimous consent for reading 43
Withdrawal of when 43
Majority necessary to pass 139
Debate none at first reading 48
Constitutional requirements as to readingiLi 143
Reading of unanimous consent 43
Reading first no debate 48
Reading constitutional requirement 143
CALL OF HOUSE
Committee of whole not in order 119
Contempt refusal to vote on 14
195
Rule No
When in orderA3f 14136
When not in orderpp 77
CAPTION
Not considered until bill perfected 101
CHANGE OF VOTES
How done and when 191
CLERK
Absence of speaker and speaker pro tem duty of 7
Absentees duty of i 134
Amendments striking out and inserting duty ofL 104
Bills and resolutions how read committee of whole 118
Bills and resolutions called in order from calendar 41
Bills and resolutions name and authors stated 41
Books duty to care fori 171179
Call of counties Mondays Wednesdays and FridaysS 40
Journal names not voting duty to entera 174
Oath of prescribed 170
CODE SECTIONS
Amendments to Constitutional requirements 146
COMMITTEES
Amendments by take precedence 188
Appointed by speaker 4198
Bills not to be interlined or defaced bym 185
Chairmen Appropriation and Ways and Means
ExOfficio Members 7 198
Conferencer how constituted 187
Report of Conference majority vote 108a
Conference authority limited 187a
Defaulting committee provision as to 199
Enlarged how 176
Failure of to report provision as to 199
Membership limitedi 197
Reports of order of precedence 53
Reports of required 199
Reports must be in writing 189
Speaker exofficio member of Rules 4
Speaker to appoint certain committees 4198
Rules committee how elected 4
COMMIT MOTION TO
Amended how 92
Applicable to whatm 8993
Committee of whole not in order 119
Precedence of as among other motions 55
Precedence of as among motions to commit
to different committees r 90
COMMITTEE OF WHOLE HOUSE Rule No
Amendments by action by House 126
Amendments to amendments how reported to House 132
Appropriation bills considered in 51
Bills read and debated by sections 118
Call of House not in order I 119
Chairman appointed by Speakers 117
Chairman power to clear galleries or lobby 128
Debate how limited and closed 120
Disorderly conduct reportedvA 127
Extension of time how secured 121
Formation of 117
House may resolve itself into when 116
Interlineation of bills or resolutions prohibited 185
Journal not show proceedingsi 130
Members shall vote 1 l 125
Motion to commit to precedence 90
Motion to rise report progress and ask leave to sit again 122
Papers called for 131
Proceedings how closed g 122
Proceedings not reported in Journal 130
Procedure when business finished1 129
Quorum not present procedure 124
Reconsideration in order 123
Reports of precedence 53
Rules applicable to and exceptions 119
Speaker may resolve House into when 115
Speaker may take part 125
Speaker chairman appointed byJLAA 117
CONSTITUTIONAL RULES
Adjournments limited 151
Amendments to Code sectionSJL 146
Amendments to Constitution1 160
Appropriation Bills House must originate 144
Appropriation Bill General what to embrace 150
Appropriations Journal to show yeas and nays 141
Bills majority necessary to passN 139
Bills reading of 143
Bills rejected when again considered 153
Bills subjectmatter expressed in title 145
Bills only one subjectmatter permitted 145
Constitutional convention how calledSBr 161
Corporations power of General Assembly over 148
County sites how changed or removed159
Date of meeting fixed 154
Elections by General Assembly 152
Expulsion of members twothirds vote necessary 155
197
Rule No
General laws how changed 147
General appropriation bill what to embrace 150
Governor failure to return bills 157
Governors signature when requiredi156158
Governors veto 5 157
House judges of election and qualification of members 155
Journal must show majority vote 139
Journal must show yeas and nays when required140141142
Local and special bills notice requiredi 163
Members power to punish misconduct of 155
Members oath of prescribed 138
Quorum defined 137
Relief of principals and sureties 149
Salaries of certain officials how changed1 162
Special laws prohibited when 147
Subjectmatter bills to contain but one 145
Subjectmatter must be expressed in title 145
Veto of Governor 157
Yeas and nays required when140141142
Yeas and nays Journal to show on Apps 141
Yeas and nays Journal to show where twothirds
vote required 142
CONTEMPT
Refusal to vote unless excused on call of House 14
CONTEST
Contestant and contestee to retire when vote taken 22
CONVERSATION
Prohibited a 1924
COUNTY SITE
How changed or removed 159
DEBATE
Adjournment decided without 180
Bills first reading no debate 48
Committee of whole regulatedh7119120
Committee happenings reference to out of order 27
Conversations reference to out of order 27
Conduct of members in 17
Individual speeches limited 17
Motion to adjourn not debatable 56
Motion to change rules not debatable 46
Motion to commit when debatable3 91
198
Rule No
Motion to change order of business not debatable 46
Motion to extend members time of speaking not debatable 17
Motion to excuse member from voting not debatable 34
Motion to indefinitely postpone debatable 80
Motion to instruct committee debate limited 199
Motion for previous question not debatable 71
Motion to read papers not debatable 33
Motion to suspend rules not debatable1 46
Motion to table not debatable 68
Motion to postpone to time definite what debatable 87
Previous question decided affirmatively debate regulated 72
Priority of business not debatableT 16
Roll call no debate during 30
Senate happenings reference to out of order 27
Yeas and nays decided without debate 181
DISPARAGING REMARKS
Members prohibited from 28
DIVISION
Duty of member calling for 37
Motion to excuse from voting to be made beforei 34
Right to call for 36
What not divisible 3839
DRAWING FOR SEATS
Regulated 200
ELECTION
House Judge of of members1 155
Majority vote necessary 193
ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE
Duties of 172
EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN
Procedure 18
EXPLANATION OF VOTES
When allowed and time limited 32
EXPULSION OF MEMBERS
When I 17155
DOORKEEPER
Duty as to enforcement of rule as to intoxication 25
Duty as to messages1 164
Speaker may suspend when 12
199
GALLERIES Rule No
Applause to be suppressed 29
Committee of whole chairman may clear 128
Speaker may clear j 13
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Meets when 154
Session limited i 154
GENERAL APPROPRIATION BILL
Constitutional provision as to what it shall embracee 150
Right of way in order of business 41
GENERAL LAWS
How changed 147
GENERAL TAX BILL
Right of way of 41
GOVERNOR
Failure to return bill effectC 157
Signature when required156158
Veto iS 157
HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT
Fixed by House g U 180
IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO SENATE
Twothirds vote necessary 49
INTOXICATION
Member denied floor while in state of 25
JOURNAL C
Absentees shown on 134
Amendments to Constitution yeas and nays
must be shown on 160
Appropriation of money yeas and nays shown 141
Committee duty to read1Z 178
Committee of whole proceedings not shown 130
Majority on passage of bills must be shown 139
Names those not voting shown on 174
Yeas and nays to be shown140141
LAUDATORY REMARKS
Prohibited in Nominations 28
LOCAL BILLS
Constitutional requirement as to reading 143
Constitutional requirement as to notice 166
Introduced when 47
Reading of third time and put on passage
by unanimous consent I 43
200
MAIN QUESTION Rule No
Effect as to when votes had on motion for
previous question J 717274
Minority report time allowed for dehate r 75
Motion to table supersedes whenIlIv 70
Reconsideration of 71
When ordered call of House Jyil 77
When ordered vote how taken 73
MAJORITY
Bill majority vote necessary to pass r l 139
Elections majority vote necessaryj 193
Quorum majority necessaryJ 137
MEMBERS
Adjournment duty of at4 1 26
Arrest subject to whenW 135136137
Attendance of compelled whenff 1135136137
Books and papers duty as toi 179
Called to order for transgressing rules 17
Changing votes how and when 1 191
Committee of whole right to speak 119
Committee of whole duty to vote allai 125
Conduct in debate 17
Conversation and smoking prohibited 1924
Debate how often to speakA1 17
Debate individual speeches limited 17
Debate reference to conversations happenings in
committee and Senate prohibited 27
Decorum of 1719242627
Designation of members mode of 20
Exceptions to words of procedure 18
Expulsion of when f 17155
Interrogating mode of 11 21
Intoxication denied floor when in state of S 25
Introduction of bills number limited V Vy 40
Introduction of bills name and county to be endorsed 52
Laudatory remarks in nominations 1 28
Members speaking duty of while 26
Misconduct in house and committee of wholeI 127155
Motion may make one at a time E g 31
Motion must resume seat while being putH 31
Motion prohibited from making nondebatable whenR 35
Oath of prescribed 1 138
Protests of proceedings 23
Retire when required to22
Seats drawing for200
Vote shall not when interestedE 22
Vote shall exceptionL 34125
201
MEMORIALS Rule No
Manner of presentation 168
MEETING OF HOUSE
Adjournment fixed by House180
Time of meeting for daily sessions 180
Constitutional provisions u 154
MINORITY REPORTS
How made 189
Main question ordered privilege first signer 75
MESSAGES
How sent announced received and considered 165
MESSENGER
Arrest of members 135186
Exofficio sergeantatarms 135
Intoxicated member enforcement of ruleX 25
General duties 4 183184
Speaker may suspend when 12
MOTIONS
Information from executive department lie on table 190
Nondebatable prohibited whenl35
One at a time onlyl 31
Order of priority U 55
Order of business motion to change not debatable 46
Order of business motion to change vote necessary 54
Read papers motion to decide without debate 33
Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 44
Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted424549
Seconding of unnecessary 172
Special orders motion to make how substituted 45
Strike out and insert motion to not divisible 39
Withdrawn how 167
NEW RATTERS
Call of counties by clerk 40
General bills limited to one a day4 40
Information from executive department to lie on table 190
Unanimous consents for r 43
NOMINATIONS
Laudatory remarks prohibitedu 28
OATHS Rule No
Of Clerk prescribed 170
Of Members prescribed 1 138
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Changed how 444654
Motion to change not debatable 46
Motion to change vote necessary Jit 4454
Priority of established 196
Rules committee to fix during last twentyone days 54
PARLIAMENTARY LAW
Applicable when 194
PETITIONS
Considered when 166
Manner of presentationsj 168
PREAMBLE
Not considered until resolution perfected 101
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Adjourn motion not in order after affirmative votes on 71
Adjournment effect arrival hour of House acting under 61
Affirmative votes resulta71727475
Applicable to what 5 75
Call of House not in order after ordered except when 77
Call for sustained motion to table in order 70
Exhausted must be before matters of words
excepted to decided 18
Precedence of motion 55
POSTPONE
Applicable to what definite and indefinite 8188
Committee of whole motion to definitely postpone
not in order 119
Debate motion to indefinitely postpone debatable
but not amendable 80
Definitely postpone motion to amendable 85
Effect of affirmative action on motion to indefinitely
postpone y 79
Effect of affirmative action on motion to postpone
to time definite i 84
Effect of negative action 84
Indefinitely motion to when not applicable 81
Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 86
Indefinitely motion to not renewable 82
Precedence of motion 55
PRIVILEGE
Personal privilege 192
Questions of what constitutes192
203
PRIVILEGES OF FLOOR
Who entitled to
PRINTING OF BILLS
When ordered L
PROTESTS OF MEMBERS
Procedure
QUALIFYING PARAGRAPH
Not a divisible question1
QUORUM
Constitutional definition
READING OF PAPERS
House determines by vote
RECONSIDERATION
Amendments when reconsidered
Bills notice of motion when given
Bills notice not to be withdrawn when
Committee of whole motion in order
Effect of on bills
Main question ordered motion in order to reconsider Motion in order but once on same subject matter Motions when in ordery
REMONSTRANCES
Manner of presentation 4
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
Committees may report by bill or otherwise Order of precedence of
ROLL CALL
Explanation of votes onjj
Debate none during
How dispensed with
Speaker may order when
RULES
Motion to suspend or change decided without debate Suspended or changed how
RULES COMMITTEE
Constituted and elected how
Effect of failure to report
Rule No 177
50
23
38
137
33
113
109
110 123
114 71
111
112
168
169
53
32
30
133
15
46
444546
4
45
204
Rule No
Order of business fixed by during last fourteen days 54
Report of in order when 169
Special orders and motions to suspend rules duty to
report on 41 4245
SALARIES
Constitutional provision as to changing 162
SEATS
Drawing for regulated 200
SERGEANTATARMS
Call of House duty of 136
Messenger is exofficio a135
SIGNATURE OF SPEAKER AND CLERK
When required 182
SILENCE
Members to preserve when 19
SMOKING
Prohibited 24
SPEAKER
Absence of Speaker pro tern to preside ii 7
Adjournment members to remain until Speaker retires26
Appeals from decision of S91011
Appeals from decision of to be made at once j 10
Appeals from decision of no debate when 1 9
Appointment of committees by JJ 4198
Appointment of chairman of Committee of Whole117
Appointment of Conference Committee yyr 187
Attendance power to compel 11 135
Business priority of decided without debate 16
Chairman Committee of Whole appointed by 117
Committees appointed by 4198
Committee of Whole may resolve House into when 115
Committee of Whole assumes chair when 122
Committee of Whole receiving chairmans renort 129
Committee of Whole right to take part in 125
Courtesy of members to at adjournment26
Doorkeeper Speaker may suspend i1 12
Galleries may be cleared by Eh 13
Interrogation of members conducted through 21
Irrelevant debate power to suspend1111 1
Members Speaker may name to preside 6

205
Rule No
Members courtesy due by at adjournment 26
Method of stating question by 5
Quorum duty of when no quorum voting 1415
Recognition of members decided by 3
Recognition of members for unanimous consent 43
Rules Committee Speaker exofficio member 198
Silence commanded by when 1
Suspension of officers 12
Vote Speaker required to whenT 2
SPEAKER PRO TEM
Absence of Speaker duty to presidet 7
Election 8 gg 7
SPECIAL COMMITTEE
Priority of motion to commit in1 90
SPECIAL LAWS
Notice required 163
Prohibited when 147
SUBJECTMATTER
Bills to contain but one and expressed in title 145
SUBSTITUTE
Amendment is 95
Bill perfected before substitute 96
Motion to table not in orderv 62
SUSPENSION OF RULES
How accomplished 44r4546
TABLE MOTION TO
Amendment or substitute motion to table not in order 62
Amendment motion to table not subject to 68
Application of what can be laid on table 69
Committee of whole motion not in order 119
Debate motion to table not debatable 68
Effect when motion to table prevails 64
Effect when motion to take from table prevails 6365
Effect when motion to take from table prevails where
measure tabled after rollcall 66
Executive department information called from
tabled one day 190
Main question motion to table in order after motion
for previous question sustained 70
206
Rule No
Main question motion to table not in order after House has
voted that main question shall be now put 70
Motion to take from when in orderiLv 63
Previous question motion to table in order after call
for sustained 79
Previous question motion to table not in order after main
question ordered 70
Renewal of motions to table and take from when 67
Roll call motion not in order until completion 66
TWOTHIRDS VOTE NECESSARY WHEN
Amendments to Constitution 430
Constitution Convention vv L 161
County Site changed or removedL 459
Expulsion of members 455
Governors veto overridden 156157158
Prolongation of session W156
UNANIMOUS CONSENTS
Limitation and regulation of 43
YEAS AND NAYS
Adjournment effect when hour of arrives during vote by 61
Amendments to Constitution 160
Changing votes after call of 491
Committee of whole vote not taken by 119
Explanation of votes when vote taken by 32
Excuse from voting motion must be made before
roll call begins 34
Journals to show when140141142
Journal to show names not votingA 174
Motion to table when in order when vote taken by 66
Required when 73140141142
Speaker may order when no quorum voting 15
207
CONSTITUTION
OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF STATE CONSTITUTIONS 210
ARTICLE IBill of Rights 211214
ARTICLE IIElective Franchise 214217
ARTICLE IIILegislative Departmentr217227
ARTICLE IVPower of General Assembly over Taxation 227228
ARTICLE VExecutive Department 229233
ARTICLE VIJudiciary
ARTICLE VIIFinance Taxation andPublic Debt 243253
ARTICLE VIIIEducation 2R325R
ARTICLE IXHomestead and Exemption 255
ARTICLE XMilitia Li 257
ARTICLE XICounties and County Officers 257260
ARTICLE XIIThe Laws of General Operation in Force
in this State 1l260261
ARTICLE XIIIAmendments to the Constitution261262
ORDINANCES U 263265
Tabulation of Amendments Proposed266275
Chronological Analysis 3LL 276
CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF ORGANIC ACTS AND STATE CONSTITUTIONS OF GEORGIA
Charter of the Colony of Georgia 1732
Grant of George II King of Great Britain
Constitution of 1777
Constitutional Convention Oct 1 1776Feb 5 1777 Constitution of 1789
Constitutional Convention Nov 424 1788 Jan 420 1789 May 46 1789 May 16 1795
Constitution of 1798
Constitutional Convention May 830 1798
Constitution of 1861
Constitutional Convention Jan 16March 23 1861 Constitution of 1865
Constitutional Convention Oct 25Nov 8 1865
Constitution of 1868
Constitutional Convention Dec 9 1867March 11 168 Constitution of 1877
Constitutional Convention July 11 1877August 25 1877
210
CONSTITUTION
OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
1877 as amended
PREAMBLE
To perpetuate the principles of free government insure justice to all preserve peace promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty we the people of Georgia relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God do ordain and establish this Constitution
ARTICLE L
Bill of Rights Section I
Paragraph I All government of right originates with the people is founded upon their will only and is instituted solely for the good of the whole Public officers are the trustees and servants of the people and at all times amenable to them
Par II Protection to person and property is the paramount duty of government and shall be impartial and complete
Par III No person shall be deprived of life liberty or property except by due process of law
Par IV No person shall be deprived of the right to prosecute or defend his own cause in any of the courts of this State in person by attorney or both
Par V Every person charged with an offense against the laws of this State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel shall be furnished on demand with a copy of the accusation and a list of the witnesses on whose testimony the charge against him is founded shall have compulsory process to obtain the testimony of his own witnesses shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him and shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury
Par VI No person shall be compelled to give testimony tending in any manner to criminate himself
211
Art 1 Sec 1 Par 7
Par VII Neither banishment beyond the limits of the State nor whipping as a punishment for crime shall be allowed
Par VIII No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty more than once for the same offense save on his or her own motion for a new trial after conviction or in case of mistrial
Par IX Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted nor shall any person be abused in being arrested while under arrest or in prison
Par X No person shall be compelled to pay costs except after conviction on final trial
Par XI The writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended
Par XII All men have the natural and inalienable right to worship God each according to the dictates of his own conscience and nc human authority should in any case control or interfere with such right of conscience
Par XIII No inhabitant of this State shall be molested in person or property or prohibited from holding any public office or trust on account of his religious opinions but the right of liberty of conscience shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the State
Par XIV No money shall ever be taken from the public treasury directly or indirectly in aid of any church sect or denomination of religionists or of any sectarian institution
Par XV No law shall ever be passed to curtail or restrain the liberty of peech or of the press any person may speak write and publish his sentiments on all subjects being responsible for the abuse
of that liberty
Par XVI The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the persons or things to be seized
Par XVII There shall be within the State of Georgia neither slavery nor involuntary servitude save as a punishment for crime after legal conviction thereof
Par XVIII The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject of legislation
Par XIX The civil authority shall be superior to the military and no soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner nor in time of war except by the civil magistrate in such manner as may be provided by law
Par XX The power of the courts to punish for contempts shall be limited by legislative acts
Par XXI There shall be no imprisonment for debt
Par XXII The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the manner in which arms may be borne
212
Art 1 Sec 1 Par 23
Par XXIII The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided
Par XXIV The people have the right to assemble peaceably for their common good and to apply to those vested with the powers of government for redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance
Par XXV All citizens of the United States resident in this State are hereby declared citizens of this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact such laws as will protect them in the full enjoyment of the rights privileges and immunities due to such citizenship
Section II
Paragraph I In all prosecutions or indictments for libel the truth may be given in evidence and the jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law and the facts The power of the judges to grant new trials in case of conviction is preserved
Par II Treason against the State of Georgia shall consist in levying war against her adhering to her enemies giving them aid and comfort No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or confession in open court
Par III No conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate
Par IV All lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets are hereby prohibited and this prohibition shall be enforced by penal laws
Part V Lobbying is declared to be a crime and the General Ascembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par VI The General Assembly shall have the power to provide for the punishment of fraud and shall provide by law for reaching property of the debtor concealed from the creditor
Section III
Paragraph I In cases of necessity private ways may be granted upon just compensation being first paid by the applicant Private property shall not be taken or damaged for public purposes without just and adequate compensation being first paid
Par II No bill of attainder ex post facto law retroactive law or law impairing the obligation of contracts or making irrevocable grants of special privileges or immunities shall be passed
Par III No grant of special privileges or immunities shall be revoked except in such manner as to work no injustice to the corporators or creditors of the incorporation
213
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
Section IV
Paragraph I Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an exitsing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Par II Legislative acts in violation of this Constitution or the Constitution of the United States are void and the judiciary shall so declare them
Section V
Paragraph I The people of this State have the inherent sole and exclusive right of regulating their internal government and the police thereof and of altering and abolishing their Constitution whenever it may be necessary to their safety and happiness
Par II The enumeration of rights herein contained as a part of this Constitution shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent rights which they may have hitherto enjoyed
ARTICLE II
Elective Franchise Section I
Paragraph I After the year 1908 elections by the people shall be by ballot and only those persons shall be allowed to vote who have been first registered in accordance with the requirements of law
Par II Every male citizen of this State who is a citizen of the United States twentyone years old or upwards not laboring under any of the disabilities named in this Article and possessing the qualifications provided by it shall be an elector and entitled to register and vote at any election by the people Provided that no soldier sailor or marine in the military or naval services of the United States shall acquire the rights of an elector by reason of being stationed on duty in this State
Par III To entitle a person to register and vote at any election by the people he shall have resided in the State one year next preceding the election and in the County in which he offers to vote six months next preceding the election and shall have paid all poll taxes that he may have had an opportunity of paying agreeably to law Such payment must have been made at least six months prior to the election at which he offers to vote except when such elections are held within six months from the expiration of the time fixed by law for the payment of such taxes
214
Art 2 Sec 1 Par 4
Par IV Every male citizen of this State shall be entitled to register as an elector and to vote in all elections in said State who is not disqualified under the provisions of Section 2 of Article 2 of this Constitution and who possesses the qualifications prescribed in Paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section or who will possess them at the date of the election occurring next after his registration and who in addition thereto comes within either of the classes provided for in the five following subdivisions of this paragraph
1 All persons who have honorably served in the land or naval forces of the United States in the Revolutionary War or in the War of 1812 or in the War with Mexico or in any War with the Indians or in the War between the States or in the War with Spain or who honorably served in the land or naval forces of the Confederate States or of the State of Georgia in the War between the States or
2 All persons lawfully descended from those embraced in the classes enumerated in the subdivision next above or
3 All persons who are of good character and understand the duties and obligations of citizenship under a republican form of government or
4 All persons who can correctly read in the English language any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State and correctly write the same in the English language when read to them by any one of the registrars and all persons who solely because of physical disability are unable to comply with the above requirements but who can understand and give a reasonable interpretation of any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State that may be read to them by any one of the registrars or
5 Any person who is the owner in good faith in his own right of at least forty acres of land situated in this State upon which he resides or is the owner in good faith in his own right of property situated in this State and assessed for taxation at the value of 50000
Par V The right to register under Subdivision 1 and 2 of Paragraph 4 shall continue only until January 1st 1915 But the registrars shall prepare a roster of all persons who register under Subdivisions 1 and 2 of Paragraph 4 and shall return the same to the clerks office of the superior court of their counties and the clerks of the superior court shall send copies of the same to the Secretary of State and it shall be the duty of these officers to record and permanently preserve these rosters Any person who has been once registered under either of the Subdivisions 1 or 2 of Paragraph 4 shall thereafter be permitted to vote Provided he meets the requirements of Paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section
Par VI Any person to whom the right of registration is denied by the registrars upon the ground that he lacks the qualifications set forth in the five subdivisions of Paragraph 4 shall have the right to
215
Art 2 Sec 1 Par 6
take an appeal and any citizen may enter an appeal from the decision of the registrars allowing any person to register under said subdivisions All appeals must be filed in writing with the registrars within ten days from the date of the decision complained of and shall be returned by the registrars to the office of the clerk of the superior court to be tried as other appeals
Par VII Pending an appeal and until the final decision of the case the judgment of the registrars shall remain in full force
Par VIII No person shall be allowed to participate in a primary of any political party or a convention of any political party in this State who is not a qualified voter
Par IX The machinery provided by law for the registration of force October 1st 1908 shall be used to carry out the provisions of this Section except where inconsistent with same the legislature may change or amend the registration laws from time to time but no such change or amendment shall operate to defeat any of the provisions of this Section
Section II
Paragraph I The General Assembly may provide from time to time for the registration of all electors but the following classes of persons shall not be permitted to register vote or hold any office or appointment of honor or trust in this State towit 1st Those who shall have been convicted in any court of competent jurisdiction of treason against the State of embezzlement of public funds malfeasance in office bribery or larceny or of any crime involving moral turpitude punishable by the laws of this State with imprisonment in the penitentiary unless such persons have been pardoned 2d Idiotk and insane persons
Section III
Paragraph I Electors shall in all cases except for treason felony larceny and breach of the peace be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections and in going to and returning from the same
Section IV
Paragraph I No person who is the holder of any public money contrary to law shall be eligible to any office in this State until the same is accounted for and paid into the treasury
Par II No person who after the adoption of this Constitution being a resident of this State shall have been convicted of fighting a duel in this State or convicted of sending or accepting a challenge or convicted of aiding or abetting such duel shall hold office in this State unless he shall have been pardoned and every such person shall also be subject to such punishment as may be prescribed by law
216
Art 2 Sec 5 Par 1
Section V
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall by law forbid the sale distribution or furnishing of intoxicating drinks within two miles of election precincts on days of electionState county or municipal and prescribe punishment for any violation of the same
Section VI
Paragraph I Returns of elections for all civil officers elected by the people who are to be commissioned by the Governor and also for the members of the General Assembly shall be made to the Secretary of State unless otherwise provided by law
ARTICLE III
Legislative Department
Section I
Paragraph I The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and a House of Representatives
Section II
Paragraph I The Senate shall consist of fifty two members There shall be fiftytwo Senatorial Districts as now arranged by counties Each District shall have one Senator
Par II The First Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Chatham Bryan and Effinflham
The Second Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Liberty Tattnall McIntosh and Long
The Third Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wayne Appling Jeff Davis and Brantley
The Fourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Glynn Camden and Charlton
The Fifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Ware Clinch and Atkinson
The Sixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Echols Lowndes Berrien Cook and Lanier
The Seventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Brooks Thomas and Grady
The Eighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Decatur Mitchell Miller and Seminole
The Ninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Early Calhoun and Baker
The Tenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dougherty Lee and Worth
The Eleventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clay Randolph and Terrell
The Twelfth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Stewart Webster and Quitman
217
Art 3 Sec 2 Par 2
The Thirteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the
counties of Sumter Schley and Macon
The Fourteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dooly Pulaski and Bleckley
The Fifteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the
counties of Wheeler Montgomery and Toombs
The Sixteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the
counties of Laurens Emanuel Johnson and Treutlen
The Seventeenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Screven Jenkins and Burke
The Eighteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the
counties of Richmond Glascock and Jefferson
The Nineteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the
counties of Taliaferro Greene and Warren
The Twentieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the
counties of Baldwin Hancock and Washington
The Twentyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Twiggs Wilkinson and Jones
The Twentysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bibb Monroe Pike and Lamar
The Twentythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Houston Crawford Taylor and Peach
The Twentyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Muscogee Marion and Chattahoochee
The Twentyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Harris Upson and Talbot
The Twentysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Spalding Butts and Fayette
The Twentyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Barrow Walton and Oconee
The Twentyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Jasper Putnam and Morgan
The Twentyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Columbia Lincoln and McDuffie
The Thirtieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Elbert Madison and Hart
The Thirtyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Franklin Habersham and Stephens
The Thirtysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of White Dawson and Lumpkin
The Thirtythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hall Banks and Jackson
The Thirtyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of DeKalb Rockdale and Newton
The Thirtyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clayton and Henry
The Thirtysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Coweta and Meriwether
218
Art 3 Sec 2 Par 2
The Thirtyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Carroll Heard and Troup
The Thirtyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Haralson Polk and Paulding
The Thirtyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Cherokee Cobb and Douglas
The Fortieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Union Towns and Rabun
The Fortyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Pickens Fannin and Gilmer
The Fortysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bartow Floyd and Chattooga
The Fortythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Murray Gordon and Whitfield
The Fortyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Walker Dade and Catoosa
The Fortyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Irwin Ben Hill and Telfair
The Fortysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bacon Pierce and Coffee
The Fortyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Colquitt Tift and Turner
The Fortyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Crisp Wilcox and Dodge
The Fortyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bulloch Candler and Evans
The Fiftieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clarke Oglethorpe and Wilkes
The Fiftyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Gwinnett and Forsyth
The Fiftysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the county of Fulton
Par III The General Assembly may change these districts after each census of the United States Provided that neither the number of districts nor the number of Senators from each district shall be increased
Section III
Paragraph I The House of Representatives shall consist of Representatives apportioned among the several counties of the State as such counties are marked and defined and as the same may be hereafter created as follows To the eight counties having the largest population three Representatives each to the thirty counties having the next largest population two Representatives each and the remaining counties one Representative each including the new counties of Lanier Seminole Brantley Long and Lamar In the event of the ratification of this amendment to the Constitution and in the event of the ratification of the amendments to the Constitution creating
219
Art 3 Sec 3 Par 1
the counties of Lanier Seminole and Brantley or either of them the said counties so created shall also be entitled to representation in the General Assembly In the event of a ratification of the amendments creating the counties of Lanier Seminole and Brantley or either of them an election shall be held in such county or counties on the first Tuesday in January 1921 under the laws now governing similar elections for members of the General Assembly for the election of a member of the General Assembly from said county or counties for the session of 1921 and 1922
Par II The above apportionment shall be changed by the General Assembly at its first session after each census taken by the United States Government so as to give to the six counties having the largest population three Representatives each and the twentysix counties having the next largest population two Representatives each but in no event shall the aggregate number of Representatives be increased
Section IV
Paragraph I The members of the General Assembly shall be elected for two years and shall serve until the time fixed by law for the convening of the next General Assembly The provisions of this Paragraph Section and Article shall apply to the terms of the members of the General Assembly who were elected at the general election for members of the General Assembly in the year 1912
Par II The first election for members of the General Assembly under this Constitution shall take place on the first Wednesday in December 1877 the second election for the same shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and subsequent elections biennially on that day until the day of election is changed by law
Par III The General Assembly shall meet on the second Monday in January 1933 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the day shall be changed by law Such session shall continue no longer than ten 10 days and the only business which shall be transacted thereat shall be the election of officers of the General Assembly and the organization of same the inauguration of the Governorelect and other StateHouse officers whose terms of office run concurrently with that of the Governor the election or appointment of committees of each house the election of the Governor and other StateHouse officers in the event of no election by the people as under the present provisions of this Constitution the decision of contested elections for Governor and other officers as under present provisions of the Constitution and the introduction and first reading of bills and resolutions the impeachment of public officers and trial thereof Provided that if at the end of ten 10 days an election or contest or actual trial of impeachment is pending the session may be prolonged until all such officers shall be elected so declared and finally inaugurated or installed in office
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3
The General Assembly shall reconvene in regular session on the second Monday after the 4th of July 1933 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the dat shall be changed by law No such regular session of the General Assembly shall continue longer than sixty days Provided that if an impeachment trial is pending at the end of sixty 60 days the session may be prolonged until completion of said trial Provided further that the General Assembly by concurrent resolution adopted by the votes of a majority of a quorum of House and Senate during said special session above provided for and approved by the Governor is hereby authorized to fix a date for reconvening in regular session prior to date above provided for in lieu of the date definitely fixed hereinabove
The terms of the present incumbents of the offices of Governor and those which are for the same as the Governor shall expire upon the inauguration of thje Governor at the first biennial session held under the provisions hereof in January 1933
Par IV A majority of each house shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each house may provide
Par V Each senator and representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me 1 will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interests and prosperity of this State
Par VI Superseded by Amendment to Art 3Sec 4Par 3 Nov 4 1924
Par VII No person holding a military commission or other appointment or office having any emolument or compensation annexed thereto under this State or the United States or either of them except Justices of the Peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either house nor shall any senator or representative after his qualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without the advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment having any emolument annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected
Par VIII The seat of a member of either house shall be vacated on his removal from the district or county from which he was elected
Section V
Paragraph I The senators shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyfive years and who shall have been citizens of this State for four years and for one year residents of the district from which elected
221
Art 3 Sec 5 Par 2
Par II The presiding officer of the Senate shall be styled the President of the Senate and shall be elected viva voce from the senators
Par III The Senate shall have the sole power to try impeachments
Par IV When sitting for that purpose the members shall be on oath or affirmation and shall be presided over by the Chief Justice or the Presiding Justice of the Supreme Court Should the Chief Justice be disqualified the Senate shall select the judge of the Supreme Court to preside No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of twothirds of the members present
Par V Judgments in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor trust or profit within this State but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment trial judgment and punishment according to law
Section VI
Paragraph I The representatives shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyone years and who shall have been citizens of this State for two years and for one year residents of the counties from which elected
Par II The presiding officer of the House of Representatives shall be styled the Speaker of the House of Representatives and shall be elected viva voce from the body
Par III The House of Representatives shall have the sole power to impeach all persons who shall have been or may be in office
Section VII
Paragraph I Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Par II Each House may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its presence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either House
Par III The members of both Houses shall be free from arrest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in going thereto or returning therefrom except for treason felony larceny or breach of the peace and no member shall be liable to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either House
Par IV Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings and publish it immediately after its adjournment
222
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 5
Par V The original journal shall be preserved after publication in the office of the Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof
Par VI The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the journal
Par VII Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection but the first and second reading of each local bill and bank and railroad charters shall consist of reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed
Par VIII No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subjectmatter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Par IX The general appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the executive legislative and judicial departments of the government payment of the public debt and interest thereon and the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Par X All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Par XI No money shall be drawn from the treasury except by appropriation made by law and a regular statement and account of the receipt and expenditure of all public money shall be published every three months and also with the laws passed by each session of the General Assembly
Par XII No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each house are recorded
Par XIII All acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall ave been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Par XIV No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a ma Jonty of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance so appear on the Journal
Par XV By an Act approved September 24 1885 an amendment to the Constitution was submitted to vote of the people in October 1886 and adopted whereby the original of this paragraph was stricken from the Constitution
Par XVI No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice ot the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the
223
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16
locality where matter or things to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction oi such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such acts shall be passed
Par XVII No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Par XVIII The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the courts it may confer this authority to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to the Judges of the Superior Courts of this State in vacation All corporate powers and privileges to banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law and if in any event the Secretary of State should be disqualified to act in any case then in that event the legislature shall provide by general laws by what person such charters shall be granted
Par XIX The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Par XX The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passengerrailway within the limits of any incorporated town or city without the consent of the corporate authorities
Par XXI Whenever tha Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passing of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Par XXII The General Assembly shall have power to make all laws and ordinances consistent with this Constitution and not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States which they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of the State
Par XXIII No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
224
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24
Par XXIV Neither house shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of a disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Par XXV The Generaly Assembly of the State shall have authority to grant to the governing authorities of the Cities of Atlanta Savannah Macon Augusta Columbus LaGrange Brunswick Waycross Albany Athens Rome Darien Dublin Decatur Valdosta Quitman Newnan Thomaston and East Thomaston Moultrie Dalton Forsyth Milledgeville Cordele Carrollton Eastman Fort Valley and McRae and cities having a population of 25000 or more inhabitants according to the United States census of 1920 or any future census authority to pass zoning and planning laws whereby such cities may be zoned or districted for various uses and other or different uses prohibited therein and regulating the use for which said zones or districts may be set apart and regulating the plans for development and improvement of real estate therein The General Assembly is given general authority to authorize the Cities of Atlanta Savannah Macon Augusta Columbus LaGrange Brunswick Waycross Albany Athens Rome Darien Dublin Decatur Valdosta Quitman Newnan Thomaston and East Thomaston Moultrie Dalton Forsyth Milledgeville Cordele Carrollton Eastman Fort Valley and McRae and cities having a population of 25000 or more inhabitants according to the United States Census of 1920 or any future census to pass zoning and planning laws
Par XXVI The General Assembly of the State shall have authority to grant to the governing authorities of the County of Glynn authority to pass zoning and planning laws whereby such county may be zoned or districted for various uses and other and different uses prohibited therein to regulate the uses for which said zones or districts may be set apart and to regulate the plans for development and improvement of real estate therein The General Assembly is given general authority to authorize such county to pass zoning and planning laws and to levy and collect a tax therefor and as the date of the ratification hereof acts of the General Assembly heretofore passed undertaking to grant such authority to such county and acts of the county authorities regularly done pursuant to such Acts of the General Assembly are hereby ratified and confirmed
The General Assembly of the State shall have the authority to grant to the governing authorities of any city or county in this state having a population of 1000 or more according to the Federal census of 1930 or any such future census the authority to pass zoning and planning laws whereby such cities or counties may be zoned or districted for various uses and other or different uses prohibited therein and to regulate the use for which said zones or districts may be set apart and to regulate the plans for development and improvement of real estate therein
225
Art 3 Sec 8 Par 1
Section VIII
Paragraph I The officers of the two houses other than the President and Speaker shall be a secretary of the Senate and clerk of the House of Representatives and such assistants as they may appoint but the clerical expenses of the Senate shall no exceed sixty dollars per day for each session nor those of the House of Representatives seventy dollars per day for each session The secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the House of Representatives shall be required to give bond and security for the faithful discharge of their respective duties
Section IX
Paragraph I The perdiem of the members of the General Assembly shall not exceed seven dollars and mileage shall not exceed ten cents for each mile traveled by the nearest practicable route in going and returning from the Capital but the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall each receive not exceeding ten dollars per day
Section X
Paragraph I All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
Section XI
Paragraph I All property of the wife at the time of her marriage and all property given to inherited or acquired by her shall remain her separate property and not be liable for the debts of her husband
Section XII
Paragraph I All life insurance companies now doing business in this State or which may desire to establish agencies and do business in the State of Georgia chartered by other States of the Union or foreign States shall show that they have deposited with the ComptrollerGeneral of the State in which they are chartered or of this State the Insurance Commissioner or such other officer as may be authorized to receive it not less than one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by such officer equivalent to cash subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of policyholders
Par II When such showing is made to the ComptrollerGeneral of the State of Georgia by a proper certificate from the State officials having charge of the funds so deposited the ComptrollerGeneral of the State of Georgia is authorized to issue to the company making such showing a license to do business in the State upon paying the fees required by law
Art 3 Sec 12 Par 3
Par III All life insurance companies chartered by the State of Georgia or which may hereafter be chartered by the State shall before doing business deposit with the ComptrollerGeneral of the State of Georgia or with some strong corporation which may be approved by said ComptrollerGeneral one hundred thousand dollars m such securities as may be deemed by him equivalent to cash to be subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of the policyholders of the company making such deposit all interests and dividends arising from such securities to be paid when due to the company so depositing Any such securities as may be needed or desired by the company may be taken from said department at any time by replacing them with other securities equally acceptable to the ComptrollerGeneral whose certificate for the same shall be furnished to the company
Par IV The General Assembly shall from time to time enact laws to compel all fire insurance companies doing business in this State whether chartered by this State or otherwise to deposit reasonable securities with the Treasurer of this State to secure the people against loss by the operations of said companies
Par V The General Assembly shall compel all insurance companies in this State or doing business therein under proper penalties to make semiannual reports to the Governor and print the same at their own expense for the information and protection of the people
ARTICLE IV
Power of the General Assembly Over Taxation Section I
Paragraph I The right of taxation is a sovereign right inalienable indestructible is the life of the State and rightfully belongs to the people in all Republican governments and neither the General Assembly nor any nor all other departments of the Government established by this Constitution shall ever have the authority to irrevocably give grant limit or restrain this right and all laws grants contracts and all other acts whatsoever by said government or any department thereof to effect any of these purposes shall be and are hereby declared to be null and void for every purpose whatsoever and said right of taxation shall always be under the complete control of and revocable by the State notwithstanding any gift grant or contract whatsoever by the General Assembly
Section II
Paragraph I The power and authority of regulating railroad freights and passenger tariffs preventing unjust discriminations and requiring reasonable and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs
227
Art 4 Sec 2 Par 1
are hereby conferred upon the General Assembly whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time to regulate freight and passenger tariffs to prohibit unjust discriminations on the various railroads of this State and to prohibit said roads from charging other than just and reasonable rates and enforce the same by adequate penalties
Par II The exercise of the right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the General Assembly from taking the property and franchises of incorporated companies and subjecting them to public use the same as property of individuals and the exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit corporations to conduct their business in such a manner as to infringe the equal rights of individuals or the general wellbeing of the State
Par III The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation now existing nor alter or amend the same nor pass any other general or special law for the benefit of said corporation except upon the condition that such corporation shall thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution and every amendment of any charter of any corporation in this State or any special law for its benefit accepted thereby shall operate as a novation of said charter and shall bring the same under the provisions of this Constitution Provided That this section shall not extend to any amendment for the purpose of allowing any existing road to take stock in or aid in the building of any branch road
Par IV The General Assembly of this State shall have no power to authorize any corporation to buy shares or stock in any other corporation in this State or elsewhere or to make any contract or agreement whatever with any such corporation which may have the effect or be intended to have the effect to defeat or lessen competition in their respective business or to encourage monopoly and all such contracts and agrments shall be illegal and void
Par V No railroad company shall give or pay any rebate or bonus in the nature thereof directly or indirectly or do any act to mislead or decive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freights or passage and any such payments shall be illegal and void and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties
Par VI No provisions of this Article shall be deemed held or taken to impair the obligation of any contract heretofore made by the State of Georgia
Par VII The General Assembly shall enforce the provisions of this Article by appropriate legislation
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 1
ARTICLE V
Executive Department Section I
Paragraph I The officers of the Executive Department shall consist of a Governor Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer
Par II The executive power shall be vested in a Governor who shall hold his office during the term of four years and until his successor shall be chosen and qualified After qualifying for a fouryear term he shall not be eligible to be reelected for the next succeeding fouryear term or any part thereof He shall have a salary of seven thousand five hundred dollars per annum until otherwise provided by a law passed by a twothirds vote of both branches of the General Assembly which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected nor shall he receive within that time any other emolument from the United States or either of them or from any foreign power The State officers required by this Constitution to be elected at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor shall also hold office for four years
Provided however that the provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to the term of office or the salary of any official elected at the general election of 1940
Par III The first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be held on Tuesday after the first Monday in November of 1942 and the Governor elect shall be installed in office at the next session of the General Assembly An election shall take place quadriennially thereafter on said date until another date be fixed by the General Assembly Said election shall be held at the places of holding general elections in the several counties of this State in the manner prescribed for the election of members of the General Assembly and the electors shall be the same
Par IV The returns for every election of Governor shall be sealed up by the managers separately from other returns and directed to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives and transmitted to the Secretary of State who shall without opening said returns cause the same to be laid before the Senate on the day after the two Houses shall have been organized and they shall be transmitted by the Senate to the House of Representatives
Par V The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall convene in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives shall open and publish the returns in the presence and under the direction of the General Assembly and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Governor of this State
229
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 5

but if no person shall have such majority then from the two persons having the highest number of votes who shall be in life and shall not decline an election at the time appointed for the General Assembly to elect the General Assembly shall immediately elect a Governor viva voce and in all cases of election of a Governor by the General Assembly a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Par VI Contested elections shall be determined by both Houses of the General Assembly in such manner as shall be prescribed by law
Par VII No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor who shall not have been a citizen of the United States fifteen years and a citizen of the State six years and who shall not have attained the age of thirty years
Par VIII In case of the death resignation or disability of the Governor the President of the Senate shall exercise the executive powers of the government until such disability be removed or a successor is elected and qualified And in case of the death resignation or disability of the President of the Senate the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall exercise the executive powers of the government until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor
Par IX The General Assembly shall have power to provide by law for filling unexpired terms by special elections
Par X The Governor shall before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation I do solemnly swear or affirm as the case may be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and will to the best of my ability preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof and the Constitution of the United States of America
Par XI The Governor shall be commanderinchief of the army and navy of this State and the militia thereof
Par XII He shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons to commute penalties remove disabilities imposed by law and to remit any part of a sentence for offenses against the State after conviction except in cases of treason and impeachment subject to such regulations as may be provided by law relative to the manner of applying for pardons Upon conviction for treason he may suspend the execution of the sentence and report the case to the General Assembly at the next meeting thereof when the General Assembly shall either pardon commute the sentence direct its execution or grant a further reprieve He shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body each case of reprieve pardon or commutation granted stating the name of the convict the offense for which he was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the reprieve pardon or commutation and the reasons for granting
230
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 12
the same He shall take care that the laws are faithfully executed and shall be a conservator of the peace throughout the State
Par XIII He shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate or House of Representatives and shall give the General Assembly from time to time information of the state of the Commonwealth and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expedient He shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions but no law shall be enacted at call sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them
Provided however that when threefifths of the members elected to the House of Representatives and threefifths of the members elected to the Senate shall have certified to the Governor of the State of Georgia that in their opinion an emergency exists in the affairs of the State of Georgia it shall thereupon be the duty of said Governor and mandatory upon him within five 5 days from the receipt of such certificate or certificates to convene said General Assembly in extraordinary session for all purposes and in the event said Governor shall within said time Sundays excluded fail or refuse to convene said General Assembly as aforesaid then and in that event said General Assembly may convene itself in extraordinary session s if convened in regular session for all purposes provided that such extraordinary selfconvened session shall be limited to a period of thirty 30 days unless at the expiration of said period there snail be pending an impeachment trial of some officer of the State Government in which event the General Assembly shall be authorized to remain in session until such trial shall have been completed
Par XIV When any office shall become vacant by death resignation or otherwise the Governor shall have power to fill such vacancy unless otherwise provided by law and persons so appointed shall continue in office until a successor is commissioned agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution or by law in pursuance thereof
Par XV A person once rejected by the Senate shall not be reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter
Par XVI The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a law notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sundays excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
231
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 17
Par XVII Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each House
Par XVIII He may require information in writing from the officers in the Executive Department on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices It shall be the duty of the Governor quarterly and oftener if he deems it expedient to examine under oath the Treasurer and ComptrollerGeneral of the State on all matters pertaining to their respective offices and to inspect and review their books and accounts The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of either of said officers from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same
Par XIX The Governor shall have the power to appoint his own secretaries not exceeding two in number and to provide such other clerical force as may be required in his office but the total cost for salaries and clerical force in his office shall not exceed the sum of ten thousand dollars 1000000 and this sum shall not be exceeded either directly or indirectly for any services rendered the Governor in the way of clerical assistance or in any other manner
Section II
Paragraph I The Secretary of the State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer shall be elected by persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor The provisions of the Constitution as to the transmission of the returns of election counting the votes declaring the result deciding when there is no election and when there is a contested election applicable to the election of Governor shall apply to the election of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer they shall be commissioned by the Governor and hold their offices for the same time as the Governor
Par II The General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the duties authority and salaries of the Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer and to provide help and expenses necessary for the operation of the department of each
Par Ill and IV stricken out by amendment to Art 5 Sec 2 Acts 1927 p 121
Par V The Treasurer shall not be allowed directly or indirectly to receive any fee interest or reward from any person bank or corporation for the deposit or use in any manner of the public funds and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
232
Art 5 Sec 2 Par 6
Par VI No person shall be eligible to the office of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral or Treasurer unless he shall have been a citizen of the United States for ten years and shall have resided in this State for six years next preceding his election and shall be twentyfive years of age when elected All of said officers shall give bond and security under regulations to be prescribed by law for the faithful discharge of their duties
Par VII The Secretary of State the ComptrollerGeneral and the Treasurer shall not be allowed any fee perquisite or compensation other than their salaries as prescribed by law except their necessary expenses when absent from the seat of government on business for the State
Section III
Paragraph I The great seal of the State shall be deposited in the office of the Secretary of State and shall not be affixed to any instrument of writing except by order of the Governor or General Assembly and that now in use shall be the great seal of the State until otherwise provided by law
ARTICLE VI
Judiciary Section I
Paragraph I The judicial powers of this State shall be vested in a Supreme Court a Court of Appeals superior courts courts of ordinary justices of the peace commissioned notaries public and such other courts as have been or may be established by law
Section II
Paragraph I The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and five Associate Justices A majority of the court shall constitute a quorum
Par II When one or more of the judges of the Supreme Court are disqualified from deciding any case by interest or otherwise the qualified justices shall designate a judge or judges of the Superior Court to preside in said case
Par III No judge of any court shall preside in any case where the validity of any bondFederal State corporation or municipal is involved who holds in his own right or as the representative of others any material interests in the class of bonds upon which the question to be decided arises
Par IV The Chief Justice and Associate Justices shall hold their offices for six years and until their successors are qualified A successor to the incumbent whose term will soonest expire shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1880 a successor to the incum
233
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 4
bent whose term of office is next in duration shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1882 and a successor to the third incumbent shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1884 but appointments to fill vacancies shall only be for the unexpired term or until such vacancies are filled by elections agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution
Par V The Supreme Court shall have no original jurisdiction but shall be a court alone for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases that involve the construction of the Constitution of the State of Georgia or of the United States or of treaties between the United States and foreign governments in all cases in which the constitutionality of any law of the State of Georgia or of the United States is drawn in question and until otherwise provided by law inwall cases respecting titles to land in all equity cases in all cases which involve the validity of or the construction of wills in all cases of conviction of a capital felony in all habeascorpus cases in all cases involving extraordinary remedies in all divorce and alimony cases and in all cases certified to it by the Court of Appeals for its determination It shall also be competent for the Supreme Court to require by certiorari or otherwise any case to be certified to the Supreme Court from the Court of Appeals for review and determination with the same power and authority as if the case had been carried by writ of error to the Supreme Court Any case carried to the Supreme Court or to the Court of Appeals which belongs to the class of which the other court has jurisdiction shall until otherwise provided by law be transferred to the other court under such rules as the Supreme Court may prescribe and the cases so transferred shall be heard and determined by the court which has jurisdiction thereof
Par VI The Supreme Court shall dispose of every case at the first or second term after such writ of qrror is brought and in case the plaintiff in error shall not be prepared at the first term to prosecute the caseunless prevented by providential causeit shall be stricken from the docket and the judgment below shall stand affirmed Provided that if the transmittal of the record be unavoidably delayed by reason of the illness or death of the clerk of the trial court or of some member of his family so that the case has not been docketed in the Supreme Court before the close of the docket of the term to which it is by law returnable the facts causing such unavoidable delay to be certified by the clerk in commission and by a judge of the trial court the case shall be heard at the next term which shall be regarded as its first term
Par VII In any case the court may in its discretion withhold its judgment until the next term after the same is argued
Par VIII The Supreme Court shall hereafter consist of a Chief Justice and five Associate Justices The court shall have power to
234
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 8
hear and determine cases when sitting either in a body or in two divisions of three judges each under such regulations as may be prescribed by the General Assembly A majority of either division shall constitute a quorum for that division The Chief Justice and
i Justices of the Supreme Court shall hereafter be
elected by the people at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor and the Statehouse officers are elected except that the first election under this amendment shall be held on the third Wednesday in December 1896 at which time one Associate Justice shall be elected for a full term of six years to fill the vacancy occurring on January 1st 1897 by the expiration of the term of one of the present incumbents and three additional Associate Justices shall be elected for terms expiring repectively January 1st 1899 Jan 1901 and January 1st 1903 The persons elected as
additional Associate Justices shall among themselves determine by lot which of the three last mentioned terms each shall have and they shall be commissioned accordingly After said first election all erms except unexpired terms shall be for six years each In eases fin vacancy which causes an unexpired term the same shall be hlled by executive appointment and the person appointed by the Governor shall hold his office until the next regular election and until his successor for the balance of the unexpired term shall have been elected and quabfietj The returns of said special election shall be made to the Secretary of State
Curt Appeals shall consist of the judges provided therefor by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment and of such additional judges as the General Assembly shall rom time to time prescribe All terms of the judges of the Court 1 pPea1 gU the expiration of the terms of the judges provided for by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment except unexpired terms shall continue six years and until their successors are qualified The time and manner of electing judges ode of 1 a vacancy which causes an unexpired term shall be the same as are or may be provided for by the laws relating to the election and appointment of Justices of the Supreme Court he Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction for the trial and corectmn of errors of law from the superior courts and from the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases in
Junsdllon has not been conferred by this Constitution upon the Supreme Court and in such other cases as may hereafter be prescribed by law except that where a case is pending in the tVi Urc Appeals and the Court of Appeals desires instruction from m Jreme Couft may certify the same to the Supreme Court and thereupon a transcript of the record shall be transmitted to the
funiiT WkI IFS afteihaving rded to the parties an opportunity to be heard thereon shall instruct the Court of Appeals on the
question so certified and the Court of Appeals shall be bound by the
235
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 9
instructions so given But if by reason of equal division of opinion among the Justices of the Supreme Court no such instruction is given the Court of Appeals may decide the question The manner of certifying questions to the Supreme Court by the Court of Appeals and the subsequent proceedings in regard to the same in the Supreme Court shall be as the Supreme Court shall by its rules prescribe until otherwise provided by law No affirmance of the judgment of the court below in cases pending in the Court of Appeals shall result from delay in disposing of questions or cases certified from the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court or as to which such certificate has been required by the Supreme Court as hereinbefore provided All writs of error in the Supreme Court or the Court of Appeals when received by its clerk during a term of the court and before the docket of the term is by order of the court closed shall be entered thereon and when received at any other time shall be entered on the docket of the next term and they shall stand for hearing at the term for which they are so entered under such rules as the court may prescribe until otherwise provided by law The Court of Appeals shall appoint a clerk and a sheriff of the court The reporter of the Supreme Court shall be the reporter of the Court of Appeals until otherwise provided by law The laws relating to the Supreme Court as to qualifications and salaries of judges the designation of other judges to preside when members of the court are disqualified the powers duties salaries fees and terms of officers the mode of carrying cases to the court the powers practice procedure times of sitting and costs of the court the publication of reports of cases decided therein and in all other respects except as otherwise provided in this Constitution or by the laws as to the Court of Appeals at the time of the ratification of this amendment and until otherwise provided by law shall apply to the Court of Appeals so far as they can be made to apply The decisions of the Supreme Court shall bind the Court of Appeals as precedents
Section III
Paragraph I There shall be a judge of the superior courts for each judicial circuit whose term of office shall be four years and until his successor is qualified He may act in other circuits when authorized by law The legislature shall have authority to add one or more additional judges of the superior court for any judicial circuit in this State and shall have authority to regulate the manner in which the judges of such circuits shall dispose of the business thereof and shall fix the time at which the term or terms of office of such additional judge or judges shall begin and the manner o his appointment or election and shall have authority from to time to add to the number of such judges in any judicial circuit or to reduce the number of judges in any judicial circuit Provided that at all times there shall be at least one judge m every judicial circuit of this State
236
Art 6 Sec 3 Par 2
Par II The successors to the present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly of the whole State at the general election held for such members next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years
Par III Th terms of the judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their election Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointments of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected
Section IV
Paragraph I The superior court shall have exclusive jurisdiction in cases of divorce in criminal cases where the offender is subjected to loss of life or confinement in the penitentiary in cases respecting titles to land and equity cases
Par II The General Assembly may confer upon the courts of common law all the powers heretofore exercised by courts of equity in this State
Par III Said courts shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases except as hereinafter provided
Par IV They shall have appellate jurisdiction in all such cases as may be provided by law
Par V They shall have power to correct errors in inferior judicatories by writ of certiorari which shal lonly issue on the sanction of the judge and said courts and the judges thereof shall have power to issue writs of mandamus prohibition scire facias and all other writs that may be necessary for carrying their powers fully into effect and shall have such other powers as are or may be conferred on them by law
Par VI The General Assembly may provide for an appeal from one jury in the superior and city courts to another and the said courts may grant new trials on legal grounds
Par VII The court shall render judgment without the verdict of a jury in all civil cases founded on unconditional contracts in writing where an issuable defense is not filed under oath or affirmation
Par VIII The superior courts shall sit in each county not less than twice in each year at such times as have been or may be appointed by law The judges of said courts may on reasonable notice to the parties at any time in vacation at Chambers hear and
237

Art 6 Sec 4 Par 8
determine by interlocutory or final judgment any matter or issue where a jury verdict is not required or may be waived
Par IX The General Assembly may provide by law for the appointment of some proper person to preside in cases where the presiding judge is from any cause disqualified
Section V
Paragraph I In any county within which there is or hereafter may be a city court the judge of said court and of the superior court may preside in the courts of each other in cases where the judge of either court is disqualified to preside
Section VI
Paragraph I The powers of a court of ordinary and of probate shall be vested in an ordinary for each county from whose decision there may be an appeal or by consent of parties without a decision to the superior court under regulations prescribed by law
Par II The courts of ordinary shall have such powers in relation to roads bridges ferries public buildings paupers county officers county funds county taxes and other county matters as may be conferred on them by law
Par IIA The Court of Ordinary shall have jurisdiction to issue warrants try cases and impose sentence thereon in all misdemeanor cases arising under that Act known as the Georgia State Highway Patrol Act of 1937 and other traffic laws of the State in all counties of this State in which there is no city or county court provided the defendant waives a jury trial Like jurisdiction is also conferred upon the Judges of the Police Courts of incorporated cities and Municipal Court Judges for offenses arising within their respective jurisdiction
Par III The ordinary shall hold his office for the term of four years and until his successor is elected and qualified
Section VII
Paragraph I There shall be in each militia district one justice of the peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be four years provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and of notarypublic exofficio justice of the peace in any city of this State having a population of over twenty thousand and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subjectmatter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional
238
Art 6 Sec 7 Par 1
jurisdiction either as to amount or subjectmatter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together with such provision as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section 9 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia And provided however that the General Assembly in its discretion may abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and notary public exofficio justice of the peace in any county in this State having within its borders a city having a population of over twenty thousand and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary or conferring upon existing courts by extension of their jurisdiction the jurisdiction as to subjectmatter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or to subjectmatter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together also with such provisions as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize The Municipal Court of Atlanta shall have jurisdiction in Fulton County and outside the city limits of Atlanta either concurrently with or supplemental to or in lieu of justice courts as may be now or hereafter provided by law Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section 9 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia
Par II Justices of the Peace shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases arising excontractu and in cases of injury or damage to personal property when the principal sum does not exceed two hundred dollars and shall sit monthly at fixed times and places but in all cases there may be an appeal to a jury in said Court or an appeal to the Superior Court under such regulation as may be prescribed by law
Par III Justices of the Peace shall be elected by the legal voters in their respective districts and shall be commissioned by the Governor They shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
239
Art 6 Sec 8 Par 1
Section VIII
Paragraph I Commissioned notaries public not to exceed one for each militia district may be appointed by the judges of superior courts in their respective circuits upon recommendation of the grand juries of the several counties They shall be commissioned by the Governor for the term of four years and shall be exofficio justices of fhe peace and shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section IX
Paragraph I The jurisdiction powers proceedings and practice of all courts or officers invested with judicial powers except city courts of the same grade or class so far as regulated by law and the force and effect of the process judgment and decree by such courts severally shall be uniform This uniformity must be established by the General Assembly
Section X
Paragraph I There shall be an attorneygeneral of this State wjio shall be elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor
Par II It shall be the duty of the attorneygeneral to act as the legal adviser of the executive department to represent the State in the Supreme Court in all capital felonies and in all civil and criminal cases in any court when required by the Governor and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XI
Paragraph I There shall be a solicitorgeneral for each judicial circuit whose official term except to fill a vacancy shall be four years The successors of present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the whole State qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointment ofthe Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years
Par II It shall be the duty of the solicitorgeneral to represent the State in all cases in the superior courts of his circuit and in all cases taken up from his circuit to the Supreme Court and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
240
Art 6 Sec 13 Par 1
Section XIII
Paragraph I The Justices of the Supreme Court each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 7000 per annum the Judges of the Court of Appeals each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 7000 per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 5000 per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the solicitorsgeneral each shall have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any case arising after the adoption of this Constitution Ten amendments of local interest only omitted here but cited on page 269
Par II The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such change shall affect the officers then in commission Provided however that the General Assembly shall have power at any time by a majority vote of each branch to abolish the judicial fees at present accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any particular judicial circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe a salary for such office in addition to the salary prescribed in paragraph I of this section of this article and without regard to the uniformity of such salaries in the various circuits and shall have the further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any such judicial circuit where the fees are abolished
Section XIV
Paragraph I No person shall be judge of the Supreme or superior courts or attorneygeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained the age of thirty years and shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and have practiced law for seven years and no person shall be hereafter elected solicitorgeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained twentyfive years of age shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and shall have practiced law for three years next preceding his election
Section XV
Paragraph I No total divorce shall be granted except on the concurrent verdicts of two juries at different terms of the court
Par II When a divorce is granted the jury rendering the final verdict shall determine the rights and disabilities of the parties
Section XII superseded by other sections
Art 6 Sec 16 Par 1
Section XVI
Paragraph I Divorce cases shall be brought in the county where the defendant resides if a resident of this State if the defendant be not a resident of this State then in the county in which the plaintiff resides
Par II Cases respecting titles to land shall be tried in the county where the land lies except where a single tract is divided by a county line in which case the superior court in either county shall have jurisdiction
Par III Equity cases shall be tried in the county where a defendant resides against whom substantial relief is prayed
Par IV Suits against joint obligors joint promissors copartners or joint trespassers residing in different counties may be tried in either county
Par V Suits against the maker and indorser of promissory notes or drawer acceptor and endorser of foreign or inland bills of exchange or like instruments residing in different counties shall be brought in the county where the maker or acceptor resides
Par VI All other civil cases shall be tried in the county where the defendant resides and all criminal cases shall be tried in the county where the crime was committed except cases in the superior courts where the judge is satisfied that an impartial jury cannot be obtained in such county
Section XVII
Paragraph I The power to change the venue in civil and criminal cases shall be vested in the superior courts to be exercised in such manner as has been or shall be provided by law
Section XVIII
Paragraph I The right of trial by jury except where it is otherwise provided in this Constitution shall remain inviolate but the General Assembly may prescribe any number not less than five to constitute a trial or traverse jury in courts other than the superior and city courts
Par II The General Assembly shall provide by law for the selection of the most experienced intelligent and upright men to serve as grand jurors and intelligent and upright men to serve as traverse jurors Nevertheless the grand jurors shall be competent to serve as traverse jurors
Par III It shall be the duty oi the General Assembly by general laws to prescribe the manner of fixing compensation of jurors in all counties in this State
Section XIX
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have power to pro
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Art 6 Sec 19 Par 1
vide for the creation of county commissioners in such counties as may require them and to define their duties
Section XX
Paragraph I All courts not specially mentioned by name in the first section of this article may be abolished in any county at the discretion of the General Assembly
Section XXI
Paragraph I The costs in the Supreme Court shall not exceed ten dollars until otherwise provided by law Plaintiffs in error shall not be required to pay costs in said court when the usual pauper oath is filed in the court below
ARTICLE VII
Finance Taxation and Public Debt Section I
Paragraph I The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only
For the support of the State government and the public institutions
For educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only
To pay the interest on the public debt
To pay the principal of the public debt
To suppress insurrection to repel invasion and defend the State in time of war
To supply the soldiers who lost a limb or limbs in the military service of the Confederate States with substantial artificial limbs during life and make suitable provisions for such Confederate soldiers as may have been otherwise disabled or permanently injured in such service or who may by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty be unable to provide a living for themselves and for the widows of such Confederate soldiers as may have died in the service of the Confederate States or since from wounds received therein or disease contracted in the service or who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselvesProvided that the Act shall only apply to such widows as were married at the time of such service and have remained unmarried since the death of such soldier husband
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Art 7 Sec 1 Par 1
To make provisions for the payment of pensions to any exConfederate soldier residing in thisState January 1 1920 who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States during the Civil War between the States of the United States and who performed actual military services in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State and was honorably discharged therefrom and to widows now residents of this State of exConfederate soldiers who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States and who performed actual service in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State who died in said military service or were honorably discharged therefrom who were married prior to January 1 1920 No widow of a soldier killed during the war shall be deprived of her pension by reason of having subsequently married another veteran who is dead unless she is receiving a pension on account of being the widow of such second husband Any soldier doing service in the Confederate army whether he belonged to the Confederate army or whether he belonged to the militia of any Confederate State and served with the Confederate army shall be eligible to draw a pension
To construct and maintain a system of State highways
To authorize the levy of taxes for and to make provision for the payment of old age assistance to aged persons in need and for the payment of assistance to the needy blind and to dependent children and other welfare benefits provided that no person shall be entitled to the assistance herein authorized who does not qualify for such provisions in every respect in accordance with enactments of the General Assembly which may be in force and effect prescribing the qualifications for beneficiaries hereunder
Provided no indebtedness against the State shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder
To advertise and promote the agricultural industrial historic recreational and natural resources facilities and assets of the State of Georgia through any office or agency which may be created or designated by the General Assembly to carry out said purposes
Par II The levy of taxes on property for any one year by the General Assembly for all purposes except to provide for repelling invasion suppressing insurrection or defending the State in time of war shall not exceed five mills on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in the State
Section II
Paragraph I All taxes shall be levied and collected under general laws and for public purposes only All taxation shall be uniform upon the same class of subjects within the territorial limits of the authority levying the tax Classes of subjects for taxation of property shall
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Art 7 Sec 2 Par 1
consist of tangible property and one or more classes of intangible personal property including money The General Assembly shall have the power to classify property including money for taxation and to adopt different rates and different methods for different classes of such property
Par II The General Assembly may by law exempt from taxation all public property places of religious worship or burial all institutions of purely public charity all buildings erected for and used as a college incorporated academy or other seminary of learning and also all funds or property held or used as endowment by such colleges incorporated acadmies or seminaries of learning provided the same is not invested in real estate and provided further that said exemption shall only apply to such colleges incorporated academies or other seminaries of learnng as are open to the general public provided further that all endowments to institutions established for white people shall be limited to white people and all endowments to institutions established for colored people shall be limited to colored people the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other literary association used by or connected with such library all books and philosophical apparatus and all paintings and statuary of any company or association kept in a public hall and not held as merchandise or for purposes of sale or gain provided the property so exempted be not used for purposes of private or corporate profit or income The General Assembly shall further have power to exempt from taxation farm products including baled cotton grown in this State and remaining in the hands of the producers but not longer than for the year next after their production There is hereby exempted of owners beginning January 1 1938 from all ad valorem taxation state county municipal and school district all clothing household and kitchen furniture and all other personal property except as hereafter excepted not to exceed 30000 in actual value Provided the person or persons herein entitiled to exemption shall register such exemption of personality giving a full description thereof upon such forms terms and manner as shall be prescribed by the General Assembly of Georgia Provided further that the value of the property in excess of said exempted personal property shall be subject to taxation as now or hereafter provided by law The words personal property or personalty wherever used in this Bill shall be defined as personal property used and included solely within the home domestic animals tools and implements of trade of manual laborers This exemption shall not include motor vehicles
There is hereby exempted from all taxation state county municipal school district and political or territorial subdivision of the state having the authority to levy taxes all cooperative nonprofit membership corporations organized under the laws of this State for the purpose of engaging in rural electrification as defined in Subsection 1 of Section 3 of the Act approved March 30 1937 providing for
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Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2
their incorporation and all of the real and personal property owned or held by such corporations for such purposes The exemption herein provided for shall expire twenty years from January 1 1942
Par IIA Any person natural or artificial a resident of this State who may after January 1st 1924 build equip establish or enlarge a plant for the manufacture of processing of cotton wool linen silk rubber clay wood metal metallic or nonmetallic mineral or combination of same creamery or cheese plant or for the production or development of electricity may as to such building enlargement or equivalent be exempt from all county incorporated town or city ad valorem taxes for a period of time not exceeding five 5 years from the date of the beginning of the building enlargement or equipment of such plants The legislature is herewith empowered to make provisions for the operation of this paragraph by appropriate legislation provided such exemptions shall be approved by a majority of the electors voting in such county incorporated town or city proposing said exemption
Par IIB Macon local provision omitted here but cited on page 270
Par III No polltax shall be levied except for educational purposes and such tax shall not exceed one dollar annually upon each poll
Par IV All laws exempting property from taxation other than the property herein enumerated shall be void
Par V The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall not be surrendered or suspended by any contract or grant to which the State shall be a party
Par VI All persons or classes of persons who were by laws of force January 1st 1911 required to make returns for taxation to the Comptrollergeneral and all who may hereafter be so required shall on or before the first day of March of each year make such returns as of date of January 1st of that year and shall pay the taxes arising on such returns in favor of the State on or before the first of September of the same year anything heretofore contained in the Constitution or laws of Georgia to the contrary notwithstanding The laws of force on said date governing such returns and payments and the collection and enforcement thereof shall remain of force as applicable to the returns and payments herein required until the same shall be changed by law The General Assembly shall have power to make or alter all laws that may be necessary or proper for enforcing the provisions of this paragraph
Par VII Beginning January 1 1938 there shall be exempted from all ad valorem taxation for State county and school purposes the homestead of each resident of this State actually occupied by the owner as a residence and homestead to the value of 2000 and only so long as actually occupied by the owner primarily as such with the exception of taxation to pay interest on and retire bonded
246
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 7
indebtedness x Such value to be determined in such manner and according to such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by law
That the General Assembly may from time to time as the condition of fiscal affairs of the State counties or schools may warrant lower said exemption to not less than 125000
Section III
Paragraph I No debt shall be contracted by or on behalf of the State except to supply such temporary deficit as may exist in the treasury in any year from necessary delay in collecting the taxes of that year to repel invasion suppress insurrection and defend the State in time of war or to pay the existing public debt but the debt created to supply deficiencies in revenue shall not exceed in the aggregate five hundred thousand dollars and any loan made for this purpose shall be repaid out of the taxes levied for the year in which the loan was made However said debt may be increased in the sum of 3500000 for the payment of the publicschool teachers of the State only The principal amount borrowed for payment of teachers to be repaid each year out of the common school appropriation and the interest paid thereon to be paid each year out of the general funds of the State
Section IV
Paragraph I All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by or on behalf of the State shall specify the purpose for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purpose specified and for no other
Section V
Paragraph I The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual company corporation or association and the State shall not become a joint owner or stockholder in any company association or corporation
Section VI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not authorize any county municipal corporation or political division of this State to become a stockholder in any company corporation or association or to appropriate money for or to loan its credit to any corporation company association institution or individual except for purely charitable purposes This restriction shall not operate to prevent the support of schools by municipal corporations within their respective limits Provided that if any municipal corporation shall offer to the State any property for locating or building a capitol and the State accepts such offer the corporation may comply with such offer
Three amendments of local interest only omitted here but cited on pages 270 and 271
247
Art 7 Sec 6 Par 2
Par II The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose except for educational purposes to build and repair the public buildings and bridges to maintain and support prisoners to pay jurors and coroners and for litigation quarantine roads and expenses of courts to support paupers and pay debts heretofore existing to pay the county police and to provide for necessary sanitation and for the collection and preservation of records of birth death disease and health to pay county agricultural and home demonstration agents to provide for payment of old age assistance to aged persons in need and for the payment of assistance to the needy blind and to dependent children and other welfare benefits provided that no person shall be entitled to the assistance herein authorized who does not qualify in every respect in accordance with enactments of the General Assembly which may be in force and effect prescribing the qualifications for beneficiaries hereunder and to provide for fire protection of forest lands and for the further conservation of natural resources to provide medical or other care and hospitalization for the indigent sick people of the county
Six amendments of local interest only omitted here but cited on page 271
Par Ill a Any city town municipality or county of this State may contract for any period not exceeding thirty years with each other or with any public agency public corporation or Authority now or hereafter created for the use by such subdivisions or the residents thereof of any facilities or services of any such city town municipality county public agency public corporation or Authority provided such contracts shall deal with such activities and transactions as such subdivisions are by law authorized to undertake
b Any city town municipality or county of this State is empowered in connection with any contracts authorized by the preceding paragraph to convey to any public agency public corporation or Authority now or hereafter created existing facilities operated by such city town municipality or county for the benefit of residents of such subdivisions provided the land buildings and equipment so conveyed shall not be mortgaged or pledged to secure obligations of ahy such public agency public corporations or Authority and provided such facilities are to be maintained and operated by such public agency public corporation or Authority for the same purposes for which such facilities were operated by such city town municipality or county Nothing in this Section shall restrict the pledging of revenues of such facilities by any public agency public corporation or Authority
Not added to the text of the proposing resolutions Ga Laws 193738 pp 28 39 reciting how the paragraph as amended should read but nevertheless properly submitted and ratified
248
Art 7 Sec 6 Par 3
c Any city town municipality or county of this State or any combination of th same may contract with any public agency public corporation or Authority for the care maintenance and hospitalization of its indigent sick and may as a part of such contract obligate itself to pay for the cost of acquisition construction modernization or repairs of necessary buildings and facilities by such public agency public corporation or Authority and provide for the payment of such services and the cost to such public agency public corporation or Authority of acquisition construction modernization or repair of buildings and facilities from revenues realized by such city town municipality or county from any taxes authorized by the Constitution of this State or revenues derived from any other sources
Section VII
Paragraph I The debt hereafter incurred by any county municipal corporation or political division of this State except as in this Constitution provided for shall not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein and no such county municipality or division shall incur any new debt except for temporary loan or loans to supply casual deficiencies of revenue not to exceed onefifth of one per centum of the assessed value of taxable property therein without the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters thereof voting at an election for that purpose to be held as may be prescribed by law provided said twothirds so voting shall be a majority of the registered voters and provided further that all laws charter provisions and ordinances heretofore passed or enacted providing special registration of the voters of counties municipal corporations and other political division of this State to pass upon the issuance of bonds by such counties municipal corporations and other political divisions are hereby declared to be null and void and the General Assembly shall hereafter have no power to pass or enact any law providing for such special registration but the validity of any and all bond issues by such counties municipal corporations or other political divisions made prior to January 1st 1918 shall not be affected hereby but any city the debt of which does not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property at the time of the adoption of this Constitution may be authorized by law to increase at any time the amount of said debt three per centum upon such assessed valuation
One hundred and twentyfive amendments of local interest only omitted here but cited on pages 271273
Par II Any county municipal corporation or political division of this State which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this Constitution shall at or before the time of so doing provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebtedness
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Art 7 Sec 8 Par 1
Section VIII
Paragraph I The State shall not assume the debt nor any part thereof of any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of the State unless such debt be contracted to enable the State to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of war provided however that all indebtedness of the several counties of this State as well as that of the Coastal Highway District and the assessments made against the counties of said district heretofore incurred for the construction andor paving of the public roads or highways including bridges of the State as contemplated and defined by Article Six Section One of the Act approved Aug 18 1919 as said section appears on page 252 of the Georgia Laws of 1919 which were a part of the State Aid roads of the Highway System of Georgia and said work was done under the supervision of the Highway Department is hereby assumed by the State of Georgia as an indebtedness of the State The word indebtedness as used herein shall include the actual cost of the construction andor paving by any county of the State as well as any highway district created by law of any public road or highway also bridges expended under the supervision of the State Highway Department And provided further that the indebtedness of the aforesaid political subdivisions of this State shall be evidenced by certificates of indebtedness issued or to be issued by the State Highway Department of Georgia for the cost of the construction andor paving by any county of the State as well as any highway district created by law of any public road or highway also bridges and provided further that such construction andor paving was done or contract or agreement made for same to be done prior to Sept 1 1931 And provided further that said indebtedness as evidenced by said certificates of indebtedness of the Highway Department shall be paid without interest thereon solely out of the revenues andor taxes levied assessed and allocated to the State Highway Department of Georgia or to any department which by law may be made the successor of the Highway Department for the public roads and highways of the State Aid system of roads and highways and such payment to be made at the rate of not less than ten per cent per annum of the total of such outstanding indebtedness and such payment to begin March 25 1936 and to continue annually thereafter until all of such outstanding indebtedness shall have been paid The General Assembly of the State of Georgia is hereby vested with authority to enact laws for the purpose of effectually carrying out the foregoing provisions and the provisions of existing laws with reference to the preferential construction by the Highway Department of highways from county site to county site
The Governor of the State of Georgia may as soon after the ratification of this constitutional provision as is convenient issue in the name of the State of Georgia and under its Seal Highway Refunding Bonds in the sum of 265000000 payable March 15 1946
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Art 7 Sec 8 Par 1
and same shall be sold by the Governor for the purpose of refunding to the State Highway Department that amount paid on State of Georgia Highway Department Refunding Certificates coming due and paid by the State Highway Department on March 25 1939
On March 15th 1940 the Governor may issue in like manner Highway Refunding Bonds in the sum of 265000000 payable March 15th 1947 for the purpose of paying said State Highway Certificates coming due March 25th 1940
On March 15 1941 the Governor may issue in like manner Highway Refunding Bonds in the sum of 265000000 payable March 15th 1948 for the purpose of paying said State Highway Certificates due March 25th 1941
All of such Highway Refunding Bonds shall be a direct obligation of the State shall be issued in denominations of 100000 each and shall be paid from revenue andor taxes levied issued and allocated to the State Highway Department or to any Department which by law may be the successor to the Highway Department and the taxes and revenue shall continue to be levied issued allocated and appropriated to said Highway Department or its successors and shall be collected in amounts sufficient to pay the said Refunding Bonds principal and interest as the same become due said Refunding Bonds shall hear interest at 2 per annum payable semiannually from the funds allocated to the State Highway Department on the 1st days of September and March until the maturity of the said Refunding Bonds respectively No Bond shall be sold at less than par
Section IX
Paragraph I The receiving directly or indirectly by any officer of the State or county or member or officer of the General Assembly of any interest profits or prequisites arising from the use or loan of public funds in his hands or monies to be raised through his agency for State or county purposes shall be deemed a felony and punishable as may be prescribed by law a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office
Section X
Paragraph I Municipal corporations shall not incur any debt until provision therefor shall have been made by the municipal government
Section XI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money either directly or indirectly to pay the whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds or other obligations which have been pronounced illegal null and void by the General Assembly and the constitutional amendments ratified by a vote of
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Art 7 Sec 11 Par 1

the people on the first day of May 1877 nor shall the General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created by the State under laws passed during the late war between the States nor any of the bonds notes or obligations made and entered into during the existence of said war the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the United States and the Confederate States nor shall the General Assembly pass any law or the Governor or other State official enter into any contract or agreement whereby the State shall be made a party to any suit in any court of this State or of the United States instituted to test the validity of any such bonds or obligations
Section XII
Paragraph I The bonded debt of the State shall never be increased except to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend the State in time of war
Section XIII
Paragraph I The proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Macon and Brunswick or other railroads held by the State and any other property owned by the State whenever the General Assembly may authorize the sale of the whole or any part thereof shall be applied to the payment of the bonded debt of the State and shall not be used for any other purpose whatever so long as the State has any existing bonded debt Provided that the proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which said railroad has been mortgaged in preference to all other bonds
Section XIV
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each year in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses and interest on the public debt the sum of one hundred thousand dollars which shall be held as a sinking fund to pay off and retire the bonds of the State which have not yet maturd and shall be applied to no other purpose whatever If the bonds cannot at any time be purchased at or below par then the sinking fund herein provided for may be loaned by the Governor and Treasurer of the State Provided the security which shall be demanded for said loan shall consist only of the valid bonds of the State but this section shall not take effect until the eight per cent currency bonds issued under the Act of February the 19th 1873 shall have been paid
Section XV
Paragraph I The ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer shall each make to the Governor a quarterly report of the financial condition
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Art 7 Sec 15 Par 1
of the State which report shall include a statement of the assets liabilities and income of the State and expenditures therefor for the three months preceding and it shall be the duty of the Governor to carefully examine the same by himself or through competent persons connected with his department and cause an abstract thereof to be published for the information of the people which abstract shall be indorsed by him as having been examined
Section XVI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not by vote resolution or order grant any donation or gratuity in favor of any person corporation or association
Par II The General Assembly shall not grant or authorize extra compensation to any public officer agent or contractor after the service has been rendered or the contract entered into
Section XVII
Paragraph I The office of the State printer shall cease with the expiration of the term of the present incumbent and the General Assembly shall provide by law for letting the public printing to the lowest responsible bidder or bidders who shall give adequate and satisfactory security for the faithful performance thereof No member of the General Assembly or other public officer shall be interested either directly or Indirectly in any such contract
ARTICLE VIII
Education
Section I
Paragraph I There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of the children as nearly uniform as practicable the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation or otherwise The schools shall be free to all children of the State but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races
Section II
Paragraph I There shall be a State School Superintendent elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in th same manner as the Governor who shall hold his office until his successor is elected and qualified His office shall be at the seat of government and he shall be paid a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum The General Assembly may substitute for the State School Superintendent such officer or officers as may be deemed necessary to perfect the system of public education
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Art 8 Sec 3 Par 1
Section III
Paragraph I The poll tax any educational fund now belonging to the State except the endowment of and debt due to the University of Georgia a special tax on shows and exhibitions and on the sale of spirituous and malt liquors which the General Assembly is hereby authorized to assess and the proceeds of any commutation tax for military service and all taxes that may be assessed on such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive to other property are hereby set apart and devoted for the support of common schools
Section IV
Paragraph I Authority is granted to counties and to municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation The proper county authorities whose duty it is to Levy taxes for county purposes in this State shall on the recommendation of the board of education assess and collect taxes for the support of the public schools under its control not less than one or more than five mills on the dollar of all taxable property of the county outside of independent local systems which shall be distributed equitably according to the school population tax values the number of teachers and their grade of license among the public schools therein An additional levy to that already allowed not to exceed five mills shall be permissible in independent local systems municipalities or school districts on a twothirds vote of those voting No additional election shall be required to maintain any local school tax now in existence in districts counties or municipalities providedthis paragraph shall not apply to counties having a local school system of taxation adopted prior to the Constitution of 1877
Four amendments of local interest only omitted here but cited on page 274
Provided also that authority is hereby given to two or more local school districts any one or more of which may have incurred a bonded indebtedness to consolidate upon the condition that such bonded indebtedness outstanding shall be assumed by the entire district as consolidated provided however before such consolidation shall become effective the same shall be approved by the vote of twothirds of the qualified voters of each district affected at separate elections held for that purpose on the recommendations of the respective boards of trustees under the same terms and conditions as to advertisement as bond elections by school districts the tickets for said elections to have written or printed thereon For Consolidation with Bonded District or Against Consolidation with Bonded District and in the event said elections result in favor of said consolidation the result shall be so declared by the Boards of Trustees of said districts and thereafter the indebtedness outstanding against any
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Art 8 Sec 4 Par 1
one or more of said districts shall be a valid outstanding indebtedness of the district as consolidated and taxes for the payment of said indebtedness shall be levied accordingly Provided however county boards of education independent school systems and local school districts may contract with each other for the education transportation and care of children of school age
Section V
Paragraph I Existing local school systems shall not be affected by this Constitution Nothing contained in first section of this article shall be construed to deprive schools of this State not common schools from participation in the educational fund of the State as to all pupils therein taught in the elementary branches of an English education
Section VI
Paragraph I The trustees of the University of Georgia may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of said University In addition to the payment of the annual interest on the debt due by the State to the University th General Assembly shall from time to time make such appropriations to the University and high schools as the condition of the treasury authorizes
ARTICLE IX
Homestead and Exemption Section I
Paragraph I There shall be exempt from levy and sale by virtue of any process whatever under the laws of this State except as hereinafter excepted of the property of every head of a family or guardian or trustee of a family of minor children on every aged or infirm person or person having the care and support of dependent females of any age who is not the head of a family realty or personalty or both to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars
Section II
Paragraph I No court or ministerial officer of this State shall ever have jurisdiction or authority to enforce any judgment execution or decree against the property set apart for such purpose including such improvements as may be made thereon from time to time except for taxes for the purchasemoney of the same for labor done thereon for material furnished therefor or for the removal of incumbrances thereon
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Art 9 Sec 3 Par 1
Section III
Paragraph L The debtor shall have power to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in this Article except as to wearing apparel and not exceeding three hundred dollars worth of household and kitchen furniture and provisions to be selected by himself and his wife if any and he shall not after it is set apart alienate or encumber the property so exempted but it may be sold by the debtor and his wife if any jointly with the sanction of the judge of the superior court of the county where the debtor resides or the land is situated the proceeds to be reinvested upon the same uses
Section IV
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall provide by law as early as practicable for the setting apart and valuation of said property But nothing in this Article shall be construed to affect or repeal the existing laws for exemption of property from sale contained in the present Code of this State in paragraphs 2040 to 2049 inclusive and the Acts amendatory thereto It may be optional with the applicant to take either but not both of such exemptions
Section y
Paragraph I The debtor shall have authority to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in section four except as it is excepted in section three of this article
Section VI
Paragraph I The applicant shall at any time have the right to supplement his exemption by adding to an amount already set apart which is less than the whole amount of exemption herein allowed a sufficiency to make his exemption equal to the whole amount
Section VII
Paragraph I Homesteads and exemptions of personal property which have beenheretofore set apart by virtue of the provisions of the existing Constitution of this State and in accordance with the laws for the enforcement thereof or which may be hereafter so set apart at any time shall be and remain valid as against all debts and liabilities existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution to the same extent that they would have been had said existing Constitution not been revised
Section VIII
Paragraph I Rights which have become vested under previously existing laws shall not be affected by anything herein contained In
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Art 9 Sec 8 Par 1
all cases in which homesteads have been set apart under the Constitution of 1868 and the laws made in pursuance thereof and a bna fide sale of such property has been subsequently made and the full purchaseprice thereof has been paid all right of exemption in such property by reason of its having been so set apart shall cease in so far as it affects the right of the purchaser In all such cases where a part only of the purchaseprice has been paid such transactions shall be governed by the laws now of force in this State in so far as they affect the rights of the purchaser as though said property had not been set apart
Section IX
Paragraph I Parties who have taken a homestead of realty under the Constitution of eighteen hundred and sixtyeight shall have the right to sell said homestead and reinvest the same by order of the judge of the superior courts of this State
ARTICLE X
Militia Section I
Paragraph I A well regulated militia being essential to the peace and security of the State the General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this State shall be organized officered trained armed and equipped and of whom it shall consist
Par II The General Assembly shall have power to authorize the formation of volunteer companies and to provide for their organization into battalions regiments brigades divisions and corps with such restrictions as may be prescribed by law and shall have authority to arm and equip the same
Par III The officersand men of the militia and volunteer forces shall not be entitled to receive any pay rations or emoluments when not in active service by authority of the State
ARTICLE XI
Counties and County Officers Section I
Paragraph I Each county shall be a body corporate with such powers and limitations as may be prescribed by law All suits by or against a county shall be in the name thereof and the metes and bounds of the several counties shall remain as now prescribed by law unless changed as hereinafter provided
Three amendments of local interest only omitted here but cited on Page 274
257
Art 11 Sec 1 Pax
Par II There shall not be more than one hundred and fortyfive countiesin this State Text of amendments creating sixteen new counties omitted Creating Acts cited on Page 69 of this compilation Number of counties now 159 by consolidation of Fulton Milton and Campbell counties
Par IIA The General Assembly shall have the power to consolidate and combine all governmental functions and powers now vested in and exercised by cities and municipalities having a population of more than 52900 according to the Federal Census of 1920 with the governmental functions and powers now vested in and exercised by the authorities of the county in which such cities or municipalities are situated to create designate and give a name to political subdivisions composed of the entire area of such counties to vest in and confer upon such subdivisions such authority and power as may be conferred upon municipalities or counties or both under existing laws to abolish any and all offices now existing under the charters of any such municipalities and also to abolish the offices of tax collectors and tax receivers in any such counties to create new offices for purpose of exercising and carrying out the powers to be vested in such political subdivisions and powers and duties formerly appertaining to such offices so abolished add the powers and duties formerly exercised by such counties and such municipalities all without regard to the uniformity of the powers duties and compensation appertaining to the offices so created in other municipalities other counties or other political subdivisions hereby authorized to divide such political subdivisions into districts to fix a maximum rate of ad valorem taxation to be levied by authority of such political subdivisions within the various districts without regard to the uniformity of the rate also to consolidate and combine any and all school systems and school districts now existing in any such cities or municipalities and counties into one system covering the entire area of the counties to be governed and controlled under the provisions of the Act creating the political subdivisions hereby authorized regardless of the method of control of schools or school systems in other counties or municipalities
The powers herein granted shall not be extended to cities municipalities or towns and cities and towns and municipalities the corporate limits of which are included within more than one county nor shall said powers herein granted be extended to the counties in which said cities or towns or municipalities and cities and towns and municipalities are located
The General Assembly in exercising the powers herein conferred may include in the Act or law any one or more of the powers or provisions herein enumerated and may exclude therefrom any one or more of the powers or provisions herein enumerated
This provision of the Constitution shall not be construed to empower the General Assembly to create new counties nor to affect
258

Art 11 Sec 1 Par 2a
or change the representatives of any county in the General Assembly Nor shall it be construed to authorize the General Assembly to abolish the offices of clerk of the Superior Court Ordinary Sheriff or Coroner in any of the counties affected by this Act said office being expressly hereby preserved
The General Assembly shall not change or abolish any county nor the name thereof which may be affected hereby and in naming the consolidated subdivisions in each case the names of the municipality or municipalties and of the county shall be combined so as to preserve them
The General Assembly shall create such political subdivisions by special act or law relating to a particular subdivision but no such act or law shall have any force or effect until the same shall have been ratified by a vote of a majority of the qualified voters voting at a special election in such county to be held not earlier than sixty days after the final passage and approval by the Governor of any such act provided however that the people within the corporate limits of municipalities affected and the people of the county affected outside of the corporate limits shall vote separately and before the Act shall go in effect a majority of those voting in the municipalities separately if more than one municipality is affected and a majority of those voting outside of said municipality or municipalities shall vote in favor of said Act
Par III County lines shall not be changed unless under the operation of a general law for that purpose
Par IV No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Par V Any county may be dissolved and merged with contiguous counties by a twothirds vote of the qualified electors of such county voting at an election held for that purpose
Par VIVII These paragraphs cover three local provisions and are omitted here but cited on Page 275
Section II
Paragraph I The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their office for four years They shall be removed on conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible to any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless he shall have been a resident of the county for two years and is a qualified voter Provided that the provision of this proposed amendment shall not become effective until January 1st 1917
259
Art 11 Sec 3 Par 1
Section III
Paragraph I Whatever tribunal or officers may hereafter be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of county matters shall be uniform throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for the appointment of commissioners of Roads and Revenues in any county and may abolish the office of County Treasurer in any county or fix the compensation of County Treasurer and such compensation may be fixed without regard to uniformity of such compensation in the various counties And the General Assembly shall also have authority to consolidate the offices and duties of Tax Receiver and Tax Collector in any or all of the counties of the State the official performing the duties of said two offices when so consolidated to be known as County Tax Commissioner and the General Assembly may prescribe the compensation of such County Tax Commissioner or authorize county authorities to fix the same which compensation may be on the basis of fees or salary and may be fixed without regard to uniformity in the various counties and when such compensation is fixed on a salary basis the authority fixing the same shall determine what disposition shall be made of the fees and commissions accruing to each of said offices so consolidated and to provide for the levy and collection of a tax sufficient to pay the salary so fixed
Par II An amendment of local interest only omitted here but cited on Page 275
ARTICLE XII
The Laws of General Operation in Force in This State Section I
Paragraph I The laws of general operation in this State are First as the supreme law The Constitution of the United States the laws of the United States in pursuance thereof and all treaties made under the authority of the United States
Par II Second as next in authority thereto this Constitution
Par III Third in subordination to the foregoing All laws now in force in this State not inconsistent with this Constitution and the ordinances of this Convention shall remain of force until the same are modified or repealed by the General Assembly The tax acts and appropriation acts passed by the General Assembly of 1877 and approved by the Governor of the State and not inconsistent with the Constitution are hereby continued in force until altered by law
260
Art 12 Sec 1 Par 4
Par IV Local and private acts passed for the benefit of counties cities towns corporations and private persons not inconsistent with the supreme law nor with this Constitution and which have not expired nor been repealed shall have the force of statute law subject to judicial decision as to their validity when passed and to any limitations imposed by their own terms
Par V All rights privileges and immunities which may have vested in or accrued to any person or persons or corporations in his her or their own right or in any fiduciary capacity under and in virtue of any act of the General Assembly or any judgment decree or order or other proceeding of any court of competent jurisdiction in this State heretofore rendered shall be held inviolate by all courts before which they may be brought in question unless attacked for fraud
Par VI All judgments decrees orders and other proceedings of the several courts of this State heretofore made within the limits of their several jurisdictions are hereby ratified and affirmed subject only to reversal by motion for a new trial appeal bill of review or other proceeding in conformity with the law of force when they were made
Par VII The officers of the government now existing shall continue in the exercise of their several functions until their successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified but nothing herein is to apply to any officer whose office may be abolished by this Constitution
Par VIII The ordinances of this Convention shall have the force of laws until otherwise provided by the General Assembly except the ordinances in reference to submitting the homestead and Capital question to a vote of the people which ordinances after being voted on shall have the effect of constitutional provisions
ARTICLE XIII
Amendments to the Constitution Section I
Paragraph I Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon And the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional district for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall also provide for a submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amend
261
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
ment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Par II No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each house of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable
Section II I
Paragraph I The Constitution shall be submitted for ratification or rejection to the electors of the State at an election to be held on the first Wednesday in December one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven in the several election districts of this State at which election every person shall be entitled to vote who is entitled to vote for the members of the General Assembly under the Constitution and laws of force at the date of such election said election to be held and conducted as is now provided by law for holding elections for members of the General Assembly All persons voting at said election in favor of adopting this Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words For Ratification and all persons opposed to the adoption of this Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words Against Ratification
Par II The votes cast at said election shall be consolidated in each of the counties of the State as is now required by law in elections for members of the General Assembly and returns thereof made to the Governor and should a majority of all the votes cast at said election be in favor of ratification he shall declare the said Constitution adopted and make proclamation of the result of said election by publication in one or more newspapers in ach Congressional district of the State but should a majority of the votes cast be against ratification he shall in the same manner proclaim the said Constitution rejected
262
ORDINANCES
STATE CAPITAL
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled
1 That the question of the location of the capital of this State be kept out of the Constitution to be adopted by this Convention
2 That at the first general election hereafter held for members of the General Assembly every voter may indorse on his ballot Atlanta or Milledgeville and the one of these places receiving the largest number of votes shall be the capital of the State until changed by the same authority and in the same way that may be provided for the alteration of the Constitution that may be adopted by the Convention whether said Constitution be ratified or rejected And that every person entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the present Constitution and laws of this State shall be entitled to vote under this ordinance and in the event of the rejection of said Constitution shall should a majority of votes cast be in favor of Milledgeville then this provision to operate and take effect as an amendment to the present Constitution
HOMESTEAD
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled and it is hereby ordained by authority of the same
1 That the article adopted by the Convention on the subject of homestead and exemption shall not form a part of this Constitution except as hereinafter provided
2 At the election held for the ratification or rejection of this Constitution it shall be lawful for each voter to have written or printed on his ballot the words Homestead of 1877 or the words Homestead of 1868
3 In the event that a majority of the ballots so cast have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1877 then said article so adopted by this Convention shall form a part of the Constitution submitted if the same is ratified but in event that said Constitution so submitted shall not be ratified then the article on homestead and exemptions so adopted as aforesaid by this Convention shall supersede Article Seventh of the Constitution of 1868 on the subject of homestead and exemptions and form a part of this Constitution
4 If a majority of the ballots so cast as aforesaid shall have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1868 then Article Seventh of the Constitution of 1868 shall supersede the article on homestead and exemptions adopted by this Convention and shall be incorporated in and form a part of the Constitution so submitted and ratified
263
ORDINANCES
JUDICIAL CIRCUITS
There shall be sixteen judicial circuits in this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to organize and proportion the same in such manner as to equalize the business and labor of the judges in said several circuits as far as may be practicable But the General Assembly shall have power hereafter to reorganize increase or diminish the number of circuits Provided however that the circuits shall remain as now organized until changed by law
SIGNING AND RATIFICATION Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled
1 That the Constitution as adopted and revised be enrolled and signed by the officers and members of this Convention
2 That the Governor shall issue his proclamation ordering an election for members of the General Assembly and a vote upon the ratification or rejection of this Constitution as therein provided and a vote upon the capital and homestead questions as provided by the ordinances of this Convention
Read and adopted in Convention August 25th 1877
Attest C J JENKINS
President Constitutional Convention JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary
VOID BONDS NOT TO BE PAID
Neither the General Assembly nor any other authority or officer of this State shall ever have power to pay or recognize as legal or in any sense valid or binding upon the State any direct bonds or currency bonds gold bonds or the States alleged guaranty or indorsement or any railroad bonds or any other bonds guaranties or indorsements heretofore declared to be illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature of the State or that may be declared illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature originating this amendment viz The State gold bonds issued under the Act of October 17th 1870 in aid of the Brunswick and Albany Railroad Company the currency bonds issued under the Act of August 27th 1870 the quarterly gold bonds issued under the Act of September 15th 1870 which are enumerated in the Act of August 23rd 1872 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Brunswick and Albany Railroad Company made under the Act of March 18th 1869 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Carters ville and Van Wert Railroad Company and of the Cherokee Railroad Company the indorsement of the State upon the
264
ORDINANCES
bonds of the Bainbridge Cuthbert and Columbus Railroad Company and all other bonds guaranties or indorsements declared illegal fraudulent or void as herein provided Nor shall any General Assembly ever have power to provide for the reindorsement of such railroad bonds or to place the States guaranty upon the same or to provide for the indorsement or guaranty by the State ofany new bonds issued in lieu of or to pay off or retire such railroad bonds by any railroad company or to issue bonds of the State to such railroad companies or other persons in payment or in lieu of such indorsed bonds or other bonds herein declared illegal or to lend the aid or credit of the State by any act resolution or law to such railroad companies or to other incorporated companies or persons acquiring or succeeding to the rights and franchises of said companies or to buy the railroads of such companies or to submit the question of the liability of the State upon any of the bonds or indorsements upon bonds or other guaranty herein declared illegal fraudulent and void or upon any claim for money advanced upon said bonds indorsements or guaranties or expended by said companies or other person in and about the construction of said railroads to the decision of any court tribunal or person whatever or to pay assume or secure directly or indirectly by any act resolution or law any money advanced or claimed to have been advanced on the bonds indorsements or guaranties herein declared invalid
265
LEGISLATIVE PROPOSALS TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION OF 1877
Art 2 Sec 1 Par 18
Qualifications of electors and registration of voters
A 1907 47 No record found of submission
A 1908 27 Ratified Oct 7 1908
A 1931 102 Ratified Nov 8 1932
Relates only to Par 3
Art 3 Sec 2 Par 1 Increasing Senatorial A 1918 84
A 1921 86
A 1931 106 A 1937 28
Art 3 Sec 3 Par 1 Membership House c A 1904 48
A 1908 31
A 1914 36
A 1918 87
A 1920 55
Art 3 Sec 4 Par Terms of members A 1914 45
Districts
Ratified Nov 5 1918 Defeated Nov 7 1922 Defeated Nov 8 1932 Ratified June 8 1937
Representatives fixed Ratified Oct 5 1904 Ratified Oct 7 1908 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Ratified Nov 2 1920
1
of General Assembly
Ratified Nov 3 1914
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3 2
Annual legislative sessions
A 18901 55 Ratified Oct 5 1892
Sessions changed from October to July
A 1893 20 No record found of submission Biennial sessions
A 1924 31 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Dates of sessions and officers terms
A 1931 1053 Ratified Nov 8 1932
Annual sessions
A 1941 90 Defeated June 3 1941
Art 3 2 Sec 4 Par 6
Length of legislative sessions
A 18901 56 Ratified Oct 5 1892
Art 3 Sec 5 Par 2
LieutenantGovernor to be President of the Senate
A 1935 1233 Defeated Nov 3 1936
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
Local legislative bills
A 18889 37 No record found of submission A 18901 57 Ratified Oct 5 1892
266
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 15
Special and local legislative powers withdrawn
A 18845 33 Ratified Oct 6 1886
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
Granting of corporate powers
A 18901 59 Ratified Oct 5 1892
A 1912 27 Ratified Nov 5 1912
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 25
Zoning planning laws
A 1927 127 Ratified Noy 6 1928
A 1935 1234 Ratified Nov 3 1936
A 1937 1132
1139
1137 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 26
Zoning laws counties of Glynn Fulton Chatham Bibb Barrow and Colquitt
A 1929 148 Defeated Nov 4 1930
A 1937 24 Ratified June 8 1937
A 1937 1135 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 3 Sec 9 Par 1
Legislative per diem
A 1918 89 Ratified Nov 5 1918
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 2
Changing terms of Constitutional officers
A 1935 1243 Defeated Nov 3 1936
A 1941 86 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 3
Election for Governor
A 1941 86 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 8
Providing for a LieutenantGovernor
A 1935 1231 Defeated Nov 3 1936
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 13
Selfconvening extra sessions Legislature
A 1937 1114 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 5 6 Sec 1 Par 19
Governors clerical force
A 1918 93 Ratified Nov 5 1918
Art 5 Sec 2 Par 2
Treasurers and assistants salaries
A 1918 91 Ratified Nov 5 1918
Duties and expenses Constitutional officers
A 1927 121 Ratified Nov 6 1928
267
Art 6 Sec 1 Par 1
Establishing Court of Appeals
A 1906 24 Ratified Nov 6 1906
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 1
Supreme Court Justices
A 18867 25 Defeated Oct 3 1888
A 1893 17 No record found of submission
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 2
Choice of substitute judges
A 1937 33 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 5
Supreme Court jurisdiction
A 1906 24 Ratified Nov 6 1906
A 1916 19 Ratified Nov 7 1916
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 6
Procedure in delayed casefiling in Supreme Court
A 1935 1238 Ratified Nov 3 1936
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 8
Number of Justices Supreme Court and organization change
A 1895 15 Ratified Oct 7 1895
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 9
Court of Appeals organization and jurisdiction
A 1906 24 Ratified Nov 6 1906
A 1916 19 Ratified Nov 7 1916
Art 6 8 Sec 3 Par 1
A 1905 66 Ratified Oct 3 1906
Superior Courts
Art 6 Sec 3 Par 2
Election of Superior Court Judges
A 1897 16 Ratified Oct 5 1898
Art 6 Sec 3 Par 3
Terms of Superior Court Judges
A 1897 16 Ratified Oct 5 1898
Art 6 Sec 4 Par 8
Superior Court hearings in vacation
A 1939 78 Ratified June 6 1939
Art 6 Sec 6 Par 2a
Jurisdiction of Ordinaries and Police Courts under State Patrol A 1937 1116 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 6 Sec 7 Par 1
Municipal Courts and J P Courts
A 1912 30 Ratified Oct 2 1912
A 1914 30 Ratified Nov 3 1914
268
A 1927 117 Ratified Nov 6 1928
A 1931 1051 Ratified Nov 8 1932
A 1941 119 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 6 Sec 11 Par 1
Election of SolicitorsGeneral
A 1897 16 Ratified Oct 5 1898
Art 6 Sec 13 Par 1
Salaries certain Superior Court Judges
A 1910 42 Ratified Oct 5 1910
A 1913 30 Ratified Nov 3 1914
A 1916 22 Ratified Nov 7 1916
A 1918 94 Ratified Nov 5 1918
A 1922 24 Defeated Nov 7 1922
A 1922 26 Ratified Nov 7 1922
A 1925 70 Ratified Nov 2 1926
A 1927 111 Ratified Nov 6 1928
A 1929 118 Defeated Nov 4 1930
A 1939 79 Ratified June 6 1939
Judicial salaries Supreme Court Court of Appeals and Superior Courts
A 1917 36 Ratified Nov 5 1918
A 1920 20 Ratified Nov 2 1920
Art 6 Sec 13 Par 2
Salary basis for SolicitorsGeneral
A 1916 24 Ratified Nov 7 1916
Art 7 Sec 1 Par 1
Aid to Confederate soldiers and widows
A 18845 37 Ratified Oct 6 1886
A 18889 39 Ratified Oct 1 1890
A 18S3 19 Ratified Oct 3 1894
A 1899 19 Ratified Oct 9 1900
A 1908 34 Ratified Oct 7 1908
A 1918 96 Ratified Nov 5 1918
A 1918 98 Ratified Nov 5 1918
A 1920 23 Ratified Nov 2 1920
A 1937 1118 Ratified June 8 1937
State highways tax
A 1926Ex33 Ratified Nov 2 1926
Social Security State participation
A 1937 1126 Ratified June 8 1937
State Advertising
A 1941 16 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 7 Sec 1 Par 2
Limiting ad valorem tax
A 1903 21 Ratified Oct 5 1904
269
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 1
Taxes upon incomes
A 1929 143 Defeated Nov 4 1930
Classification tax
A 1931 108 Defeated Nov 8 1932
A 1937 39 Ratified June 8 1937
Macon uniformity modified
A 1941 14 Ratified June 3 1941
Fifteen mill tax limitation
A 1935 1240 Defeated Nov 3 1936
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2
Farm products tax exemption
A 1912 36 Ratified Nov 5 1912
Ships and vessels tax exemption
A 1916 27 Defeated Nov 7 1916
Endowment educational institutions tax exemption
A 1917 39 Ratified Nov 5 1918
Hydroelectric works tax exemptions Heard and Troup counties
A 1929 144 Defeated Nov 4 1930
Personal property exemption
A 1937 38 Ratified June 8 1937
Rural Electrification Corporations tax exemption
A 1941 84 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2a
Industries tax exemption
A 1923Ex67 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2b
Macon tax exemptions
A 1941 124 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 6
Tax returns to ComptrollerGeneral
A 1911 51 Ratified Oct 2 1912
Art 7 Sec 3 Par 1
Deficiencies in State Treasury
A 1911 49 Ratified Oct 2 1912
State debt increase for teachers pay
A 1926Ex31 Ratified Nov 2 1926
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 7
Homestead exemption
A 1937 1122 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 7 Sec 6 Par 1
Waycross promotion tax
A 1937 1131 Ratified June 8 1937
270
Fitzgerald Industry Tax Exemption
A 1939 31 Ratified June 6 1939
Savannah River Wharf
A 1941 160 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 7 Sec 6 Par 2
Taxing powers of countieshealth
A 1908 33 Ratified Oct 7 1908
Taxing powers of countiesschools
A 1910 45 Ratified Oct 5 1910
Taxing power of countiesvital statistics
A 1926Ex30 Ratified Nov 2 1926
Taxing powers to Fulton County for schools and pensions
A 1926Ex20 Ratified Nov 2 1926
A 1929 134 Defeated Nov 4 1930
County tax levies for Social Security
A 1937 1124 Ratified June 8 1937
Agricultural agents tax levy
A 1937 1128 Ratified June 8 1937
Chatham County Retirement pay
A 1937 16 Ratified June 8 1937
Fulton and DeKalb Counties educational tax
A 1937 18 Ratified June 8 1937
Ware County Promotion Fund Tax
A 1937 1129 Ratified June 8 1937
Fulton County Civil Service
A 1939 36 Ratified June 6 1939
Fulton County retirement and pension fund
A 1939 39 Ratified June 6 1939
Taxing powers of countiesfire protection of forest lands and other natural resources conservation
A 19378Ex28 Ratified Nov 8 1938
Taxing powers of countiesMedical care and hospitalization for indigent sick
A 19378Ex39 Ratified Nov 8 1938
Art 7 Sec 6 Par 3
Public facilities contracts
A 1941 50 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 7 Sec 7 Par 1
Augusta flood protection bondg
A 1909 77 Ratified Oct 5 1910
County and city debts
A 1918 99 Ratified Nov 5 1918
Bonded debt of cities of 150000
A 1918 915 Ratified Nov 5 1918
Street improvement bonds cities 150000
A 1920 25 Ratified Nov 2 1920
West Point flood protection bonds
A 1920 29 Ratified Nov 2 1920
271
Savannah port debt
A 1923 45 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Brunswick port debt
A 1924 33 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Coastal highway district created
A 1924 35 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Crisp County debt
A 1925 72 Ratified Nov 2 1926
Tybee road bond issue
A 1926Ex22 Ratified Nov 2 1926
Lowndes County and Valdosta bond issue
A 1926Ex25 Ratified Nov 2 1926
McIntosh County school bond issue
A 1926Ex28 Ratified Nov 2 1926
Columbus street improvement bonds
A 1927 109 Ratified Nov 6 1928
LaGrange indebtedness
A 1927 113 Ratified Nov 6 1928
Temporary loans Fulton Chatham and Richmond Counties
A 1927 122 Ratified Nov 6 1928
Ware County bonded debt
A 1927 124 Ratified Nov 6 1928
Stephens County hospital bonds
A 1929 142 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Washington County temporary loans
A 1929 147 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Elberton bonded debt
A 1929 125 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Cornelia bonded debt
A 1929 121 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Lakeland bonded debt
A 1929 130 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Spalding County temporary loans
A 1933 29 Ratified Nov 6 1934
Albany debt increase
A 1937 7 Ratified June 8 1937
Atlanta debt increase
A 1937 13 Ratified June 8 1937
Dublin debt increase
A 1937 22 Ratified June 8 1937
Richmond County temporary loans
A 1937 26 Ratified June 8 1937
Swainsboro temporary loans
A 1937 34 Ratified June 8 1937
Adel bonded debt Baxley refunding bonds Beaverdam School District bonds Blue Ridge bonded debt Dublin bonded debt East
272
man bonds Fannin County temporary loans Gainesville debt Homerville debt Homerville debt Jefferson debt Jeffersonville School District debt Macon temporary loans Pineview School District bonds Savannah refunding bonds Sparks bonded debt Vidalia refunding bonds Willacoochee refunding bonds A 193738 Ex 757 alphabetically arranged Ratified Nov 8 1938
Atlanta Revenue Certificates Augusta temporary loans Bacon County Refunding bonds Blackshear Refunding bonds Bowden Refunding bonds Carrollton Refunding bonds Fulton County School bonds East Point and College Park Fulton Floyd and DeKalb Counties temporary loans Board of Education Grady County Refunding bonds Greenville debt Kite Consolidated School District bonds Macon debt certificates Nashville Refunding bonds Ocilla debt Ocilla Refunding bonds Pearson Refunding bonds Quitman debt certificates Quitman Refunding bonds Ray City Refunding bonds Reidsville School District bonded debt Savannah debt Savannah bonded debt Sylvania debt Tift County bonded debt Willie Consolidated School District Refunding bonds A 1939 888 alphabetically arranged Ratified June 6 1939
Coastal Highway District A 1939 23 Ratified June 6 1939
Abbeville School District bonds Abbeville Refunding bonds Adrian Consolidated School District bonds Baker County bonds Bibb County debt Calhoun County Refunding bonds Catoosa County bonds Chattooga Refunding bonds Claxton School District Refunding bonds Claxton Refunding bonds Cobb County Refunding bonds Cochran Ref tin ding bonds Cook County Warrant Refunding bonds Cook County Refunding bonds Cordele Refunding bonds Crawford Refunding bonds Crawford School District debt Dade County bonded debt Davisboro School District bonds Dodge County bonded debt Doerun Refunding bonds Effingham County Refunding bonds Evans County Refunding bonds Excelsior School District bonds Gainesvillp bonded debt Hart County Refunding bonds Hazelhurst Refunding bonds Irwin County Warrant Refunding bonds Irwin County Refunding bonds Jeff Davis Refunding bonds Jefferson County School District Refunding bonds Jefferson County School Dist No 10 bonds Johnson Corner School District bonds Lexington Refunding bonds Macon debt certificates Miller County bonds Miller County Refunding bonds Mitchell County Board of Education temporary loans Oglethorpe County Funding bonds Paulding County Funding bonds Quitman County debt Reidsville Refunding bonds Sandy Cross School District Refunding bonds SparksAdel School District Refunding bonds Stone Mountain Refunding bonds Sunny Hill School District Toombs County Refunding bonds Unadilla Refunding bonds Vidalia bonded debt Walker County bonds Washington Refunding bonds Waycitoss debts Wilcox County bonds Wilcox County debt Wrightsville School District bonds A1941 9195 alphabetically arranged Ratified June 3 1941
273
Art 7 Sec 8 Par 1
Assumption of county debts
A 1931 97 Ratified Nov 8 1932 Highway Refunding bonds
A 1939 47 Ratified June 6 1939
Art 7 Sec 18 Par 1
Hancock County Refunding bonds
A 1941 93 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 8 Sec 1 Par 1
Taxation for common schools
A 1911 46 Ratified Oct 2 1912
Art 8 Sec 2 Par 1
State School Commissioner made elective
A 1894 34 Ratified Oct 7 1896
State School SuperintendentTerm of office
A 1935 1236 Defeated Nov 3 1936 A 1941 165 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 8 Sec 4 Par 1
Local school tax
A 1903 23 Ratified Oct 5 1904
A 1919 66 Ratified Nov 2 1920
Pierce County High School tax
A 1929 139 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Schoolscontracts
A 1931 105 Ratified Nov 8 1932
Consolidated Schoolsbonds
A 1931 103 Ratified Nov 8 1932
Brantley County School Tax
A 19378 Ex 17 Ratified Nov 8 1938 Floyd County High School Tax
A 19378 Ex 30 Ratified Nov 8 1938 Chatham County School Tax
A 1941 37 Ratified June 3 1941 Art 8 Sec 6 Par 1
University and high school appropriations
A 1920 32 Ratified Nov 2 1920
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 1
Taxes for Fulton County improvements
A 1929 135 Ratified Nov 4 1930 Cobb County fire prevention tax
A 193738 Ex 20 Ratified Nov 8 1938 DeKalb County improvements tax
A 1941 69 Ratified June 3 1941
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 2
Fixing number of counties
A 1904 47 Ratified Oct 5 1904
274
Creating new counties as follows
A 1906 28 Ratified Nov 6 1906 Ben Hill
A 1912 38 Ratified Oct 2 1912 Bleckley
A 1912 41 Ratified Nov 5 1912 Wheeler
S A 1914 23 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Bacon
A 1916 17 Ratified Nov 7 1916 Bacon
A 1914 27 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Barrow
A 1914 29 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Candler
A 1914 33 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Evans
I A 1917 41 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Atkinson
A 1918 106
A 1917 44 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Treutlen
A i918 102 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Cook
A 1919 68 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Lanier
1A 1920 19 45
A 1920 34 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Brantley
A 1920 38 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Lamar
A 1920 48 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Long
A 1920 52 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Seminole
A 1922 28 Defeated Nov 2 1922 Peach
A 1924 39 Ratified Nov 4 1924 Peach
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 2A
Consolidation of city and county governments
A 1924 811 Ratified Nov 24 1924
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 6
Taxes for sanitation Glynn and McIntosh counties
A 1929 137 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 7
DeKalb County increased taxing power
A 1937 20 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 11 Sec 2 Par 1
County officers terms
A 1914 43 Ratified Nov 3 1914
Art 11 Sec 3 Par 1
Office of county treasurer
A 1914 42 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Consolidation of offices Tax Receiver and Tax Collector A 1924 815 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Art 11 Sec 3 Par 2
Fulton County Public Officers Deputies
A 1939 33 Ratified June 6 1939
275
CHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF PROPOSALS TO AMEND CONSTITUTION OF 1877
Year of Act Proposals
1885 2
1887 1
1889 2
1890 1
1891 3
1893 3
1894 1
1895 1
1897 1
1899 1
1903 2
1904 2
1905 1
1906 2
1907 1
1908 4
1909 1
1910 2
1911 3
1912 5
1913 1
1914 9
1916 5
1917 4
1918 11
1919 2
1920 10
1921 1
1922 3
1923 1
1923 Ex 1
1924 6
1925 2
1926 Ex 7
1927 8
1929 13
1931 8
1933 1
1935 7
1937 26
1938 23
1939 33
1941 69
290
Ratified Rejected
2 1886
1 1888
1 1890
1 1892
3 1892
1 1894
1 1896
1 1896
1 1898
1 1900
2 1904
2 1904
1 1906
2 1906
4 1908
1 1910
2 1910
3 1912
5 1912
1 1914
9 1914
4 1916 1 1916
4 1918
11 1918
2 1920
10 1920
1 1922
1 1922 2 1922
1 1924
1 1924
6 1924
2 1926
7 1926
8 1928
8 1930 5 1930
6 1932 2 1932
1 1934
2 1936 5 1936
26 1937
23
33
68 1
268 18
No record
1
2
1
4
276
INDEX
to the
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
N0teReference in the Index are made to the Article Section and Paragraph of the provision referred to the original division of the instrument being strictly followed
A
Absent members of Legislature attendance of compelled
Abuse under arrest or in prison prohibited
Of liberty of speech or press responsibility for
Academy incorporated exempt from taxation
Acceptors suits against where tried
Account of Treasurer to be published quarterly
Accusation copy to be furnished defendant on demand Acts amending or repealing must describe the law
affectedmm
Local and private authority of
Must be signed by President of Senate
and Speaker of Houser
Requiring twothirds voteyeas and nays must
be rcorded
Adjournment of Legislature be less than a majority
Consent of both Houses required when Houses failing to agreeGovernor may adjourn them
Resolutions of not submitted to Governor
Ad valorem Tax on property shall be
Aged and infirm persons entitled to Homestead
Aid of State to any religious denomination prohibited To any person or corporation by lending credit or
taking stock prohibited
To any person or corporation by donation or
gratuity prohibited
Aid of County or City to person or corporation prohibited Amendments to Appropriation and Revenue bills by
Senate
To Constitution
To statute or code form of amendment act
Animals special tax may be imposed on vicious ones Appeal from one jury to another in Superior and City Courts
From Ordinary to Superior Court j From Justice of the Peace to Jury or Superior Court Appellate Jurisdiction of the Superior Court
Appointment of Legislator to another office prohibited
By Governor to fill vacancies
Rejected by Senate effect of
Of State School Commissioner
Apportionment of Representatives how changed
Appropriation Acts authority of
Bills general and special
Bills must originate in House of Representatives
Bills yeas and nays must be recorded on
Bills may be approved in part
Necessary to authorize payment by Treasurer
A S P
3 4 4
1 1 9
1 1 15
7 2 2
6 16 5
3 7 11
1 1 5
3 7 17
12 1 4
3 7 3
3 7 21
3 4 4
3 7 24
3 7 24
5 1 17
7 2 1
9 1 1
1 1 14
7 5 1
7 16 1
7 6 1
3 7 10
13 1 1
3 7 17
7 2 1
6 4 6
6 6 1
6 7 2
6 4 4
3 4 7
5 1 14
5 1 15
8 2 1
3 3 2
12 1 3
3 7 9
3 7 10
3 7 12
5 1 16
3 7 11
277
S P
For University of Georgia and College for
colored pupils g
Approval of Governor to Biils 5
Of Governor to Resolutions and Orders1 5
Arms right of citizens to bearmanner of bearing 1
Army of the State Governor is Commander of 5
Arrest abuse under prohibited jzJ 1
Punishment for rescue from under order either House 3
Privilege of Elector fromt 2
Privilege of member Legislature fromL 3
Artificial limbs for Confederate soldiersil 7
Assemble right of people to do so guaranteed 1
Associate Justice of Supreme Court g
Atlanta City Court of errors corrected in Supreme Court 6
Attainder bill of prohibited
Attendance of members of the Legislature compelled 3 Attendance of members of Legislature privileges during 3
Attorney right to defend or prosecute by 1
Right of Defendant in criminal cases to have 1
General election of g
General duties g
General salary 6
General qualifications g
Authority of Constitution treaties laws judgments etc 12
6
1
1
1
1
1
7
3
7
1
1
2
2
3
4 7 1 1
10
10
13
14
1
B
Bail shall not be excessive u j 1
Ballot election by the people shall be by L 2 1
Banishment beyond the State prohibited 1 1
Banks may be incorporated by the Legislature 3 7
Bequests may be received by the University of Georgia 8 6
Bills a number of readings necessary before passage 3 7
Majority of all members in favor of necessary
to passage i 3 7
Rejected not again proposed without consent of
twotiirds 3 7
Appropriation and Revenue must originate in House 3 7
Appropriations general and special requisites of 3 7
Appropriations must be passed by yeas and nays 3 7
Revision of by Governor Vetohow overruled 5 1
See Local Bills also Acts
Bond required of Secretary of Senate and Clerk of House 3 8
Required of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral
and Treasurer 5 2
Required of Public Printer 7 17
Bonded debt not to be increased 7 12
Sale of States property to be applied to 7 13
Of county or city provisions for meeting 7 7
Bonds in cases involving an interested Judge cannot
preside g 2
Of State declared void not to be paid or submitted
to suit 7
Of Western Atlantic Railroad paid by proceeds
of Road 7 13
Boundaries of counties to remain as now till changed
1
16
17
22
11
9
2
1
3 1
24
1
5
2
4
3
4
5 1 2 1
1
1
7
18
1
7
14
13
10
9
12
16
1
6
1
1
1
2
3
1
1
278
by law llMi
Bribery Conviction of disqualifies for office
or voting
Bridges established by the courts not Legislature
Bridges Ordinarys jurisdiction in matter of
Bridges taxation by county to keep up
Borrowing money by State laws for must specify purpose
Buildings public exempt from taxation
Public tax by county to maintain i
Ordinarys j urisdiction
Burial places exempt from tax
C
Canal Companies may be incorporated by Legislature
Capitol location of ordinance concerning
Capitol site for may be donated to the State M
Censure of members of Legislature for misconduct L j Certiorari writs of may be issued by Judge
Superior Court
Challenge of voter oath to be administeredi Conviction of sending or accepting disqualifies for
office
Charitable institutions public exempt from taxation
Public aid from county or city
Charter of Corporations amended on conditions
Chief Justice of Supreme Court presides in impeachment trialssee Supreme Court
Children legitimatized and names changed by the courts
Church not to receive money from the State
Citizens of the State who are and right to protection
Of the State entitled to vote whenrffifEj
City aid by donation of taking stock prohibited
Consent before Street Railroad can be built in Courts of the State need not be uniform
Court appeals and new trials
Courts errors corrected in Supreme Court
Court Judge may serve in Supreme Court when
Debt to be incurred by limited
Debt bonded provisions for meeting
Debt not to be assumed by State Lip Debt to be incurred only by authority of
City Government riW8lL
Public schools may be maintained by tax1Cfi
Civil authority superior to the military
Cases where tried
Cases judgment by Court without jury whenIf
Cases venue how changed gSa
Jurisdiction of Superior Court
Jurisdiction of Justices Court JWSml
Clerical expenses of Treasurer Secretary of State
and ComptrollerGeneral 1J
Clerk of House of Representatives Compensation
and Bond ofh
Clerks of the Governor
Code sections not amended or repealed by reference to numbers
A S P
11 1 1
2 2 1
3 7 18
6 6 2
7 6 2
7 4 1
7 2 2
7 6 2
6 6 2
7 2 2
3 7 18
12 1 8
7 6 1
3 7 1
6 4 5
2 1 2
2 4 2
7 2 2
7 6 1
4 2 3
3 5 4
3 7 18
1 1 14
1 1 25
2 1 1
7 6 1
3 7 20
6 9 1
6 4 6
6 2 5
6 5 1
7 7 1
7 7 2
7 8 1
7 10 1
8 4 1
1 1 19
6 16 6
6 4 7
6 17 1
6 4 3
6 7 2
5 22 34
3 8 1
5 1 19
3 7 17
279
Colleges exempt from taxation 7 2 2
For colored pupils 8 6 1
Colored pupils College for 8 6 1
Colored and white public schools to be separate 8 11
Commissioner of Schools appointed and salary ofl 8 2 1
Commissioners of county affairs authorized 6 19 1
Commissioners of county affairs authorized 11 3 1
Committee on Local and Special bills 3 7 5
Common Law Courts may be clothed with equity
jurisdiction 6 5 2
Common School Systemsee Education 8 11
Commutation power in the Governor 5 1 12
Tax for military services goes to Schools8 3 1
Companies incorporation of 3 7 18
Volunteer military organization of 10 1 2
Compensation for private ways and public use of property 13 1
Of Clerk of House and Secretary of Senate 3 8 1
Of Jurors how fixed 6 18
Extra not granted officers or contractors 7 16 2
Competition arrangements by corporation to defeat void 4 2 4
ComptrollerGeneral must license Life Insurance
companies 4 3 12 2
Supervise deposits of Life Insurance Companies 3 12 3
Officers of Executive DepartmentI 5 11
Examination suspension and discharge of 5 1 18
Election of i 521
Salary and Clerks hire JL1 5 2 4
Eligibility and Bond of 5 2 6
Perquisites not allowed to 5 2 7
Must report to Governor 7 15 1
Confederate Soldiers pensions for 7 1 1
Public debt not to be paid1 7 11 1
Conscience right of not to be controlled 1 1 12
Liberty of does not excuse licentiousness 1 1 13
Consent of parties to vary general law in individual cases 14 1
City to building Street Railroads within its limits 3 7 20
Constitution of Georgia may be altered or abolished by
the people 15 1
Authority of 12 1 1
Amendments of 13 1
Amendments by Convention 13 1 2
To be submitted to the people 13 2 1
And United Stateslaws in violation of voir 1 4 2
And United States authority of 12 1 1
Constitutional Convention provisions to call 13 1 2
Construction of Constitution not to deny rights not
enumerated 15 5
Contempt limitation of Courts power to punish for 1 1 20
Either House of General Assembly may punish for 3 7 2
Contested Election for Governor 5 16
Contracts laws impairing obligation of void f 13 2
By Government releasing power to tax void 4 11
By Government heretofore made not impaired 4 2 6
Between corporations defeat comptition void 4 2 4
Judgments on without verdict when 6 4 7
Jurisdiction of Justices Court in cases of 6 7 2
280
Contractor not to receive extra compensation
from Government Tv 7 16 2
Conventionsee Constitutional Convention and Ordinances
Conviction costs not to be exacted of defendant until 1 1 10
Does not work corruption or forfeiture i 12 3
Of certain offenses disfranchisel 2 2 1
Impeachment vote necessary 3 5 4
Dueling disqualifies for office j 2 4 2
Copartners suits against where triedr 6 16 4
Coroners County Tax to pay 7 6 2
Corporate powers what may be granted by Legislature 3 7 18
Corporators not to be damaged by revocation of charter 1 3 3
Corporations subject to police power and eminent domain 4 2 2
Legislation in favor of conditional 4 2 3
Acts of to defeat competition and monopolize void 4 2 4
Rights to tax not to be released 7 2 5
State not to take stock in aid or lend credit to 7 5 1
County or City not to take stock in aid or lend credit to 7 6 1
Donations to from State prohibited 7 16 1
Authority of rights already accrued to 12 1 5
Municipalsee City
Costs not payable by defendant till conviction 1 1 10
In Supreme Court 6 21 1
County Commissioners may be created 6 19 1
1 11 3 1
Debt to be incurred by limited 7 7 1
Debt not to be assumed by State 7 8 2
Debt bonded provisions for meeting 7 7 1
Not to aid or take stock in Corporation 7 6 1
Public Schools may be maintained by8 4 1
Matters Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Officers election term qualification and removal 11 2 1
Officers and tribunals to be uniform in the State 11 3 1
Is a body corporate suits of and boundaries 11 1 1
New one not to be created 11 1 2
Lines and site how changed Jl 11 1 34
Merger of K 11 1 5
Special acts authority of 12 1 4
Corruption of blood not worked by conviction 12 3
Courts power to punish for contempt limited 1 1 20
Power in matters denied to Legislature 3 7 18
Of the State L6 11
Not mentioned in Constitution may be abolished 6 20 7
Of Common Law may be vested with equity
jurisdiction 6 4 2
Of same grade throughout State must be uniform 6 9 1
Courts tax to pay expenses of fy 7 6 2
Jurisdiction against Homestead denied 9 2 1
Authority of judgments and decrees of 12 1 5
Existing judgments and decrees of ratified 12 1 6
See also Supreme Superior City and Justice Courts
Credit of State not to be pledged to Corporations or
persons j 7 5 1
Creditors law to be provided for reaching concealed
property of debtor 1 2 6
281
Not to be damaged by revocation of Charter
Crime conviction in what cases disfranchises Lobbying declared to he
Criminal cases Jury judges of law and fact
Judge may grant new trial on conviction
Jurisdiction of Superior Court
Rights of defendant in
Where tried
Venue when changed I
D
Damages jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of
Death of Governor vacancy how filled
Officer vacancy how filled
Debate liability of Legislators for words spoken in1
Debts Public taxation to pay
Public new debt contracted to pay
Power of State to contract restricted
Of County taxation to pay
Power of City or County to Contract restricted To be incurred by City only on authority of City
Government J 7
Of County or City not to be assumed by State 2X
Void and Confederate against State not to be paid
Debtor Concealing Property provisions against
May waive Homestead
May waive Exemptions of the old Code
Decrees of Court authority and ratification of
Defaulters of public moneys disqualified for Legislature Defend or prosecute in person or by attorney right to Defense under oath not filed Court to render judgment
when
Of State debts may be contracted for
Deficiency of Revenue in State supplied by borrowing Of Revenue in City and County supplied by borrowing
Deposits required of Insurance Companies2
Of public funds Treasurer to receive no profit from 1
Disabilities may be removed by Governor
Discrimination in Tariff by Railroad regulated V
Disorderly behavior in presence of Legislature punished
Disqualification to hold office or vote
Religious opinion is not
To hold office in more than one department
Of illegal holders of public money
Of duelists r
For Legislature and legislator to other office
Resulting from impeachment
Of Judge of Supreme Court who presides
Judge of Superior Court who presides
Judge of Superior Court when there is a City Judge
Of interested Judge in bond cases
District Senatorial number composition and change of
Divorce exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court
First and second verdicts in cases of
Suits where tried
A S P
1 3 3
2 2 1
1 5 5
1 2 1
1 2 1
6 4 1
1 1 5
6 16 6
6 17 1
6 7 1
5 1 1
5 1 14
3 7 3
7 1 1
7 3 1
7 3 1
7 6 2
7 7 1
7 10 1
7 8 1
7 11 1
1 2 6
9 3 1
9 5 1
12 1 56
3 4 7
1 1 4
6 4 7
7 3 1
7 3 1
7 7 1
3 12
5 2 5
5 1 12
4 2 1
3 7 12
2 2 1
1 1 13
1 1 3
2 4 1
2 4 2
3 4 7
3 5 5
6 2 2
6 4 9
6 5 1
6 2 3
3 21 23
6 4 1
6 15 12
6 16 1
J
1
i
i
282
Domestic animals of vicious nature special tax on Animals tax on goes to educational purposes
Donations by State prohibitedg
By State to University allowed Drawer and Acceptor suits against where tried Z Dueling conviction of disqualifies for office
Education Common School System established
Commissioner of Public Schools
Confined to English in local public schools
Confined to English in State public schools
Poll Tax for purpose of
Special Tax for purposes of4
Taxation for purposes of by State
Taxation for purposes of by City or County Appropriations for purposes of by City or County
Election by the people shall be by ballot
By the Legislature shall be viva voce
Days furnishing Liquor on prohibited
Privileges of Electors while attending
Precincts changed by Courts not Legislature
Returns where made
Of members General Assembly
Members General Assembly each house to judge of
President of the Senatejvl
Speaker of the House of Representatives1
Governor
Governor returns how made
Returns opened and published
Governor by General Assembly
Contested
Special
To fill vacancies in General Assembly
Of Secretary of State Comp Genl and Treasurer
Judges of Supreme Court v
Judges of Superior Court1
Judges of Supreme Superior Courts and Sol Genl
Justices of the Peace
Attorney General
By City or County on creating a new debt
City or County on School question
To change County Site
Merge one County into another
Election of County officers
On amendments to Constitution
Ratification of Constitution
Electors who shall be so deemed
Registration of may be provided for
Privileges of while attending elections
Embezzlement of public funds disfranchises
Eminent Domain not to be abridged in favor of
Corporations
Encumbrances Homestead liable for removal of
Endorsers suits against where tried
Equal Rights not to be infringed by Corporations Equity Cases where tried 1
A S P
7 2 1
8 1 1
7 16 1
8 6 1
8 16 5
2 2 1
8 1 1
8 2 1
7 6 2
8 1 1
7 2 3
8 3 1
7 1 1
m 7 6 2
7 6 1
2 1 1
3 10 1
2 5 1
2 3 1
3 7 18
2 6 1
3 4 2
3 7 1
3 5 2
3 6 2
I 5 1 3
5 1 4
5 1 5
5 1 5
5 1 6
5 1 9
5 1 13
5 2 1
6 2 4
6 3 2
6 12 1
6 7 3
6 10 1
7 7 1
8 4 1
11 1 4
11 1 5
I 11 2 1
13 1 1
13 2 1
2 1 2
a 2 2 1
2 3 1
2 2 1
4 2 2
9 2 1
6 16 5
4 2 1
6 16 3
283
Jurisdiction is in Superior Court
Jurisdiction may be conferred on Common Law Courts Errors m Superior and City Courts corrected in
Supreme Court
Of inferior judicatories corrected by Certiorari
Estate not forfeited by Conviction
Excessive Bail and Fines Forbidden 7
Executive Legislative and Judicial Department are
distinct i
Department officers of
Department officers of report suspension and
removal of 1
Powers vested in Governor
Exemption from Taxation and void Exemption
From Levy and Sale
From Levy and Sale waiver of
From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act not repealed
From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act waiver
Exhibitions special tax on goes to public schools
Expense of Clerks and Secretaries to Governor
Of Clerks of Secretary of State Comptroller
General and Treasurerj
Ex Post Facto Law not to be passed
Express Companies chartered by Legislature
Expulsion of Members of General Assembly for
misconduct
Extra session of Legislature before November 1st 1878
Sessions of Legislature may be called by Governor
Compensation not to be allowed by Government
P
Family each Head of entitled to Homestead1
Fees not allowed officers of Executive Department
Not allowed Attorney General
Felony exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court
Females persons having care of entitled to Homestead
Ferries established by Courts not Legislature
Ordinarys jurisdiction concerning
Fines imposed must not be excessive
Imposed on member of Legislature for misconduct
Fire Insurance Companies deposit required of
Foreign Power Governor to receive no Emolument from
Forfeiture of Estate not brought about by conviction
Of Recognizance relieved against when
Of Charter remitted only on conditions
Fraud Legislature may provide Punishment for
Judgments attacked for
Free Schoolssee Education
Freight on Railroads subject to regulation by law
Rebate not allowed nor deceit as to amount charged
Furniture Waiver of Exemption not good against all
Funds of county Ordinarys jurisdiction
Of Public officers not to profit from use of f
Sinking provided for
A S P
6 4 1
6 4 2
6 2 5
6 4 5
1 2 3
1 1 9
1 1 23
5 1 1
5 1 18
5 1 O
7 22 45
9 1 1
9 3 1
9 4 i
9 5 1
8 3 1
5 1 18
5 22 34
1 3 2
3 7 18
3 7 1
3 4 3
5 1 13
7 16 2
9 1 1
5 2 7
6 13 1
6 4 1
9 1 1
3 7 18
6 6 2
1 1 9
3 7 1
3 12 4
5 1 2
1 2 3
3 7 19
4 2 3
1 2 6
12 1 5
8 1 1
4 2 1
4 2 5
9 3 1
6 6 2
7 9 1
7 14 1
284
q A S P
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Consisting of Senate and House is the Legislative
power 311
Members oi elected for two years 3 4 1
Election when held 342
Election returns where madp F 2 6 1
Attendance of required r 3 4 4
Oath of y 3 4 5
Who are disqualified to be 1 3 4 7
Disqualified for certain other offices 3 4 7
Not to profit from use of public funds 7 9 1
Not to be interested in public printing 7 17 1
Seats of vacated by removal 3 4 8
Punished for misconduct in each House 3 7 1
Privileges of3 7 3
Per diem and mileage of 3 9 1
Majority of all necessary to passage of bill 3 7 14
Officers of who are 3 8 1
Quorum of to transact business 3 4 4
Adjournment by less than a quorum 3 4 4
Adjournment for more than three days etc 3 37 24
Election by shall be viva voce v y7 3 10 1
Of judges of Supreme Court by 1st election 6 2 4
Of Judges of Superior Court by 1st election2i 6 3 2
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts and
Solicitors General 6 12 1
Of Governor by when 5 15
Of Governor contested determined by 5 16
May pardon commute or reprieve for treason 5 1 12
May direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3 1
Sessions of are biennialL 3 4 3
Of limited to 10 days in January 3 4 3
Of limited to 60 days in July 3 4 3
Of extra may be called by Governor2 5 113
Of joint held in Representative Hall 3 10 1
Each House of may compel attendance of members 3 4 4
Is judge of election and qualification of its members 3 7 1
May punish for misconduct 3 7 12
Must keep a Journal 3 7 4
Has general power of legislation 3 7 22
HAS POWER BY LAW TO
Provide punishment for fraud 12 6
For registration of voters 1 2 2 1
For removal Secretary of State Comptroller
General and Treasurer 5 118
For appeals in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6
For appointments of Judge pro hac vice 6 4 9
Commissioners for county affairs 6 19 1
For organizing the Militia j 10 1 1
Prescribe manner of bearing arms 1 1 22
Number of Jurors in Inferior Courts 6 18 1
Who shall vote on School questions 8 4 1
Change Senatorial Districts when 3 2 3
285
Apportionment of Representatives1
Governors Salary by two thirds vote
Salaries of Judges Attorneys and Solicitors Gnrai Substitute another officer for School Commissioner
Established Courts
Abolish Courts not named in Constitution T Confer Equity jurisdiction on Common Law Courts Authorize formation of Volunteer Companies
Require Fire Insurance Companies to make deposit Subject corporate property to public use when 7
Sell State s property
Make donations to University of Georgia
Make donations to Colleges for colored people
Amend Constitution in manner providedi
Call Constitutional Convention as provided
SHALL BY LAW
Limit power of Courts to punish for Contempt Protect citizens in their right
Provide penalty against Lottery Agents Provide penalty against Lobbying m
Prohibit furnishing Liquor on election days 7
Provide penalty against Treasurer receiving
unlawful fee
Provide for reaching concealed property of Debtor Compel Insurance Companies to report to Governor
Regulate Freight and Passenger Tariff
Enforce provisions against monopolies eto
Establish uniformity in local tribunals
Provide for selection and compensation of jurors
A sinking fund
For letting Public Printing to highest bidder
Setting apart and valuation of Homestead
For appeals in Superior and City Courts
SHALL NOT PASS ANY LAW
To restrain or curtail liberty of speech or press
Respecting social status of citizensH
Of Attainder ex post facto impairing contracts
Making irrevocable grants of special privileges To revoke grants to injury of creditors of corporators Of special nature when general law provides Varying general laws affecting private rights
without consent
In violation of Constitution of Georgia or the
United States i
Referring to more than one matter or different
form title 1
Incorporating companies except for class named 7 Relieving against recognizances except as statedJ Authorizing Street Railroad in city without citys
consent
For benefit of particular corporations except on
conditions 7
Authorizing one corporation to buy stock in another
County or City to aid persons or corporationsu Payment of void bonds or Confederate debts
Granting donation or gratuity to persons or corporations
A S P
3 3 2
5 1 2
6 13 2
8 2 1
6 1 1
6 20 2
6 4 2
10 1 2
3 12 4
4 2 1
7 13 1
8 6 1
8 6 1
13 1 1
13 1 2
1 1 20
1 1 25
1 2 4
1 2 5
3 5 1
5 2 5
1 2 6
3 12 5
4 2 1
4 2 7
6 9 1
6 18 23
7 14 1
7 17 1
9 4 1
6 4 6
1 1 15
1 1 18
1 3 2
1 3 2
1 3 3
1 4 1
1 4 1
1 4 2
3 7 8
3 7 18
3 7 19
3 7 20
4 2 3
7 6 1
7 11 1
7 17 1
286
Extra compensation to officers or contractors SL See Tax
God may be worshipped according to dictates of conscience
Governor an officer of the Executive Departmenttl
Executive powers vested in r
Salary term and limitations of terms of office
Election installation and terms of election of
Of by the Legislature when i
Qualifications and oath of
Death resignation or disability of
Secretary and Clerks of
Is Commander of the Army and Conservator of the
Peace i
May adjourn the Legislature when l
Call Extra Session of the LegislatureH
Direct affixing of the Great Seal
Pardon reprieve commute and remit penalties
Remove disabilities
With the Treasurer loan the Sinking Fund
Require services of Attorney General 7 C
Shall order elections to fill vacancies in Legislature
Fill vacancies in other offices
Offices of Judges and Solicitors General
Appoint State School Commissioner J
Judge to preside in Supreme Court when
Commission Notaries Public exofficio Justices of Peace Examine and Publish Report of Comptroller and
Treasurer y r
Proclaim result of Election on Constitution
Cannot appoint member of Legislature to office
A person rejected by Senate when
Has revision of bills and resolutions of Legislature
Supervision over Executive officers
Government originates with people duty of
Exclusive right of the people to regulate
Legislature Executive and Judicial Departments
distinctI
Support of by taxation
Grants limiting power to tax void
Irrevocable of special privileges void
Not to be revoked as to work injustice
Great Seal of the State use and device of S
Guardian of minors entitled to Homestead
H
Habeas Corpus Writ shall not be suspended
Head of family entitled to Homesteadl
Homestead and Exemption to whom allowed and
amount of
Not subject to levy and sale
Waiver and sale of j
Setting apart of to be provided for
Supplemental
Already allowed good against old debt
Ordinance effect ofa
A S P
7 16 2
1 1 12
5 1 1
5 1 2
5 1 2
5 1 14
5 1 5
5 17 10
5 1 8
5 1 19
5 11 11
3 7 24
5 1 13
5 3 1
5 1 12
5 1 12
7 14 1
6 10 2
5 1 13
5 1 14
6 12 1
8 2 1
6 2 2
6 8 1
7 15 1
13 2 2
3 4 7
5 1 15
5 1 17
5 1 18
1 1 12
1 5 1
1 1 23
7 1 1
4 1 1
1 3 2
1 3 3
5 3 1
9 1 1
1 1 11
9 1 1
9 1 1
9 2 1
9 3 1
9 4 1
9 6 1
9 7 1
12 1 8
287
Of 1868 sales of confirmed j
Of 1868 sales and reinvestments of xiw
Under Debtors Act not repealed
Under Debtors Act Waiver of
House secure from search except as provided Soldiers not to be quartered in except as provided Of RepresentativesSee Representatives Household Furniture waiver of exemption ond Husbands debts wifes property not liable for1
I
Idiots disqualified to vote or hold office
Immunities special not to be irrevocable granted
Not to be revoked so as to work justice
Impeachment power in House of Representatives
Power to tryin the Senate
Chief Justice to preside at trial of
Vote necessary to convict1
Effect of conviction
Governor cannot pardon in case of
Imprisonment abuse under forbidden
For debt prohibitedir
For misbehavior in presence of Legislature
Improvement on Homestead is part ofgL
Indictment copy to be furnished defendant on demand
Inferior Judicatories errors of corrected by Certorari
Infirm persons entitled to Homestead
Inherent rights not enumerated and not denied
Insane persons not entitled to vote or hold office
Inspection by Governor of Executive OfficersT
Installation of Governor
Insurance Department expense of
Companies to make reports to Governor
Chartered by Legislature
Fire deposit made with TreasuryL
Foreign and Home Life deposits required
Foreign Life Comptroller General to license
Interest on Public Debt taxation authorized to pay
Intoxicating drinks not to be furnished on election days Insurrection and invasion in time of Bills may pass
summarily
Tax to suppress
Bonded debt incurred to suppress
Debts contracted to suppress1
Contracted by city or county to suppress assumed
by State
Invasionsee Insurrection
Investment of funds raised by sale of homestead
Irrevocable grants of special privileges voidx
J
Jeopardy more than once for same offense prohibited
Joint obligors suit against where tried
Owner in property State shall not become
Journal each House of the General Assembly shall keep Original preserved in the office of Secretary of State
A S P
9 8 1
9 9 1
9 4 1
9 5 1
1 1 16
1 1 19
9 3 1
3 11 1
2 2 1
1 3 2
1 3 3
3 6 3
3 5 3
3 5 4
3 5 4
3 5 5
5 1 12
1 1 9
1 1 21
3 7 12
9 2 1
1 1 5
6 4 5
9 1 1
1 5 2
2 2 1
5 1 18
5 1 3
5 2 4
3 12 5
3 7 18
3 12 4
3 12 13
3 12 2
7 1 1
2 5 1
7
7 1 1
7 12 1
7 3 1
7 8 1
9 3 1
1 3 2
1 1 8
6 16 4
7 5 1
3 7 4
3 7 5
288
A S P
Yeas and nays to be recorded in at request of onefifth 3 7 6
Yeas and nays to be recorded in when two thirds
vote is required II 3 7 21
Must show majority of all members voted for bills
passed 3 7 14
Must contain proposed amendments to Constitution 13 1 1
Of House must contain vote of elections by Legislature 3 10 1
Judge disqualified to preside in bond cases if
interested in the bondsjj6 2 3
Pro hac vice Legislature may authorize 6 4 9
May grant new trials in cases of conviction 12 1
See Supreme Superior and City Courts
Judicial Legislative and Executive Departments distinct 1 1 23
Powers of the State where vested 6 11
Judiciary to declare unconstitutional acts voidi 14 2
Judgment of Impeachment extent of 3 5 5
Of Supreme Court may be withheld one term 6 2 7
Without verdict of Jury when 6 4 7
Of Courts authority of 12 1 5
Heretofore rendered ratifiedl m 12 1 6
Jurisdiction of Supreme Court1 6 2 5
Of Superior Court 6 4 1
Of Superior Court Appellate 6 4 4
Of Ordinary 12 6 6 1
Of Ordinary County matters 6 6 2
Of Justices of the Peace 6 7 2
Against Homestead deniedi9 2 1
Jury right of trial by an impartial 115
Right of trial by Guaranteeda 6 18 1
Judges of law and fact in criminal cases 1 2 1
Appeal from one to another in Superior and
City Courts 6 4 6
From Justice of the Peace to 6 7 2
Grand to recommend Commissioned Notary
for appointment 6 8 1
Grand and Traverse selection and qualification of 6 18 2
Compensation of how fixed 6 18 3
Tax by county to pay7 6 2
Justice of the Peace may be member of Legislature 3 4 7
Part of Judiciary 6 11
Election Commission and removal ofp 6 7 3
Term of 6 7 1
Jurisdiction Sessions and Appeals 6 7 2
ExOfficio 3ji 6 8 1
K
Kitchen furniture waiver of exemption of 9 3 1
L
Labor done on Homestead Homestead is liable for fc9 2 1
Land cases involving title to brought in Superior Court 6 4 1
Cases involving title to tried at what place 6 16 2
Homestead and Exemption on 9 11
Larceny conviction of disfranchises 2 2 1
Law due process of required to affect rights of persons 113
Laws of general nature must have uniform operation 14 1
289
Of general nature affecting private rights how varied
Unconstitutional are voidl
For more than one matter or different from title void
Majority vote of all members necessary to pass
For tax shall be general
Not repealed or amended by reference to title alone
For borrowing money must be specific
To change county lines must be a general law
Of general operation
Of United States authority of
Of Georgia authority ofJL
Local and special authority of
See Local also General Assembly
Learning Seminaries of exempt from taxation
Legislative power is in the General Assembly
Executive and Judicial Departments distinct
LegislatureSee General Assembly
Legitimate Children power in Courts
Levy and Sale exemptions from
Libels in prosecutions for truth may be given in
evidence121
Liberty person to be deprived of only by due
process of law s
Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense
Of Conscience not to be controlled
Of speech or press not to be curtailed
Libraries Public may be exempt from taxation
Licentiousness not excused on account of liberty
of Conscience
Life person not to be deprived of but by due
process of law
Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense
Crimes involving jurisdiction in Superior Court1
r See Insurance
Lines of County to be changed under operation of
general law L
Liquor special tax on for Educational purposes
Not to be furnished on Election days
List of witnesses to be furnished to defendant on demand
Litigation tax by County to pay expenses of
Literary Associations may be exempt from taxation
Loans to State for casual deficiencies of revenue
County or City for canal deficiencies of revenue
Of sinking Fund by Governor and Treasurer
Lobbying is a crime Legislature must provide a penalty
Publication of before passed
Acts authority of
School Systems existing not affected hereby
Lottery Tickets sale of prohibited
M
Macon and Brunswick Railroad if sold proceeds
where applied
Majority of each branch of Legislature constitute quorum
Of all members of each House necessary to pass bill
Malfeasance in office disfranchises
Malpractice in office by Justice of the Peace removal for
A S P
1 4 1
1 4 2
3 7 8
3 7 14
7 2 1
3 7 17
7 4 1
11 1 3
12
12 1 1
12 1 3
12 1 2
7 2 2
3 1 1
1 1 23
3 7 18
9 1 1
1 2 1
1 1 3
1 1
1 1 12
1 1 15
7 2 2
1 1 13
1 1 3
1 1 8
6 4 1
11 1 3
8 3 1
2 5 1
1 1 5
7 6 2
7 2 2
7 3 1
7 7 1
7 14 1
1 2 5
3 7 15
12 1 4
8 5 1
1 2 4
7 13 1
3 4 4
3 7 14
2 2 1
6 7 3
290
i
A S P
Mandamus issued by Judge of Superior Court 6 4 5
Marriage does not divest wife of her property 3 111
Material furnished Homestead it is liable for 9 2 1
Matter different from title not to be contained in bill 3 7 8
Members of General AssemblySee General Assembly
Merger of counties jp 11 15
Message of Governor 5 1 13
Mileage of the members of the General Assembly 3 9 1
Military authority subordinate to Civil 1 1 19
Commission except in Militia disqualifies for
Legislature i 3 4 7
Service commutation for goes to Public Schools 8 3 1
Companies Volunteer organizations 10 1 2
Companies Volunteer paid only when called by State 10 1 3
Militia officers may be members of Legislature 3 4 7
Governor is Commander in chief of 5 1 11
District one Justice of the Peace for each 6 7 1
District one commissioned Notary for each 6 8 1
Organization of may be provided for 10 1 1
Paid only when called out by State J 10 1 3
Minors family of entitled to Homestead 9 1 1
Ministerial officer not to levy on Homestead 9 2 1
Misconduct of member of Legislature how punished 3 7 1
Mistrial in criminal cases authorizes a second triali 118
Money not to be donated by State to any Church etc1 1 14
Illegal holders of public disqualified for office 2 4 1
Public defaulters of disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7
Authority and manner of drawing from Treasury 3 7 11
Borrowed by State laws for and use of 7 4 1
Monopoly provisions against 4 2 4
Municipal Corporationssee City
N
Names of children changed by Courts 3 7 18
Navigation Companies chartered by Legislature3 7 18
Navy of State Governor is Commander ofiu 5 1 11
New trial in criminal cases authorizes second trial 118
In criminal cases may be granted on conviction 12 1
May be granted by Superior and City Court 6 4 6
Counties not to be formed 11 1 2
Notaries Public commissioned part of Judiciary 6 11
Appointment commission and powers6 8 1
Novation of Charter what shall so operate 4 2 3
0
Oath of voter if challenged 2 1 2
Of member of General Assembly 3 4 5
Of Governor 5 1 10
To pleas t 6 4 7
Obligation of contracts not to be impaired by law 13 2
Of contracts heretofore made by State binding 4 2 6
Office illegal holders of public money ineligible for 2 4 1
Who may not hold 2 2 1
Impeachment removes from and disqualifies for 3 5 5
Profiting from use of public money disqualifies for 7 9 1
Conviction of Dueling disqualifies for 2 4 2
Religious opinion does not disqualify for 1 1 13
In gift of Governor or Legislature legislator
2r 1
disqualified for i 3 4 7
Malfeasance in disfranchises 2 2 1
Officers and trustees of the people and amendable to them 111
Of one department disqualifies to act in another 1 1 23
Returns of election of where made 2 6 1
Of State or the United States disqualified for
Legislature 3 4 7
Of Militia or Justice of the Peace may be legislator 3 4 7
Of General Assembly who are 5 11
Of Executive Department who are 3 8 1
Of Executive Department report suspension and
removal of 5 1 18
Profiting from use of public fund punishable 7 9 1
Extra compensation to after service prohibited 7 16 2
Not to be interested in Public Printing 7 17 1
Not to levy on Homestead 9 2 1
Of County election removal and disqualification of 11 2 1
Of County to be uniform except Commissioners 11 3 1
Now existing to continue till successor qualified 12 1 7
Order passed by Legislator must have Governors approval 5 1 17
Ordinances rejected not to be again proposed unless by
twothirds vote 3 7 13
Must have but one subject matter and same as title 3 7 8
Of the Convention authority of 12 13
Of the Convention to have effect of laws 12 1 8
See Ordinances in Appendix
Ordinary Courts of part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Courts of jurisdiction of 6 6 1
Term of office 6 6 3
Origin of Government is with the people 1 1 1
P
Papers secure from search and seizure except as
provided 1 1 1 16
Pardon removes political disabilities of convict 2 2 1
Of Duelists removes political disabilities of convict 2 4 2
Power in Governor must report to the Legislature 5 1 12
Passage of bills reading necessaryi5 3 7 7
Of Bills majority of all members necessary 3 7 14
Passenger Tariffrestriction on 4 2 1 5
Paupers jurisdiction of Ordinary 6 6 2
Affidavit relieves from costs in Supreme CottrtKS 6 21 1
Tax for support of 7 6
Paysee Compensation Salary
Peace soldiers not to be quartered in houses in time of 1 1 19
Governor is conservator of 5 1 12
Penitentiary crimes punishable in to be tried in
Superior Court 1 6 4 1
Per diem of members of the Legislature 3 9 1
Perquisites not allowed officers Executive Department 5 2 7
Not allowed Attorney General 1 6 13 1
From use of public funds by officers punishable 7 9 1
Persons and property to be protected by Government 112
Not to be molested for religious opinions 1 1 13
Rights not to be affected but by due process of law 1 13
May prosecute or defend in person or by attorney 114
Charged with offenses rights of 11 5
292
Life or liberty not to be jeopardized but once
for same crime
Houses and papers secure from illegal search
Personally amount of exemption of from levy and sale
Petitions and remonstrance right of guaranteed
Pleas under oath in certain cases requiredc
Police of the State right of people to regulate
Power not abridged in favor of corporations
Policyholders in Life Insurance Companies protected
Poll tax not to exceed one dollar
Goes to Educational purposes
Practice in courts of same grade to be uniform
Precincts for elections how changedy
President of Senate elected by Senate viva voce
Must sign acts S
Per diem 1
Presides in joint session
Acts as Governor when
Press liberty of not to be curtailed1
Printing public to be let to lowest bidder
Prisoners not to be abused
Tax for support of by countiesyy
Private ways to be allowed only compensation paid
Acts authority of
Rights accrued by law authority ofil
Privileges special not to be irrevocably granted
Special not to be revoked so as to do injusticeI
Probate jurisdiction in Ordinary
Proceedings of Legislature to be kept in journals
Of courts of same grade to be uniform
Process of law necessary to affect persons in their rights
Proclamation of Governor calling extra session
Of Governor on Ratification of Constitution
Prohibition writs of issued by Judge of Superior Court
Prolongation of Legislative session by two thirds vote
Resolutions not submitted to Governori
Promissory notes suits on where triedL
Property of persons not to be molested for religious
opinions
Protection to shall be impartial and complete
Not taken for public use without compensation
Concealed by debtor to be reached by law
Of wife not subject to husbands debts
List of exempt from tax
Amount of exempt from levy and sale
Protection to person and property paramount duty of
Government I
Prosecution rights of defendants in cases of
Provision waiver of exemption of restricted
Public Funds embezzlement of disfranchises
Officer not to receive profit from use pf
Treasurer not to receive profit from use of
See Money
Public use of private property without compensation
prohibited i
Buildings jurisdiction of Ordinary
A S P
1 1 8
1 1 16
9 1 1
1 1 24
6 4 7
1 5
4 2 2
3 12 13
7 2 3
8 3 1
6 9 1
3 7 11
3 5 8
3 7 13
3 9 3
3 10 1
5 1 1
1 1 18
7 17 5
1 1 9
7 6 2
1 3 1
12 1 4
12 1 5
1 3 2
1 3 3
6 6 1
3 7 4
6 9 1
1 1 3
5 1 13
13 2 2
6 4 5
3 4 6
3 7 23
6 16 5
1 1 13
1 1 2
1 3 1
1 2 6
3 11 1
7 2 2
9 1 1
1 1 2
1 1 5
9 3 1
2 2 1
7 9 1
5 2 5
1 3 1
6 6 2
293
Buildings tax by county for authorized
Debt and institutions tax for1
Property charitable institutions and libraries
exempt from taxL
Printing let to lowest bidder
Printing officers of Government not to be interested in
School systemssee Education
Publication of ones sentiments right of not to be curtailed
Journal of General Assembly
Receipts and disbursements of Treasury
Intention to introduce Local Bills
Reports of Secretary of State Comptroller and
Treasurer 1
Proposed amendment to Constitution
Punishment of crime by whipping or banishment
prohibited 2L
For contempt by Courts limited
Not to be crueL or unusual
Purchase of State Bonds with sinking fund
Money homestead liable for
Purchaser of Old Homestead how affected
Q
Qualification for Governor
For Senator i
For Representative
Each House to judge of as to its own members
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer
Judge Supreme and Superior Courts Solicitor and
Attorney General
County officers
Quarantine tax by county for expenses of
Quorum of each branch of Legislature is a majorityr
Of Supreme Court
R
Railroad may be incorporated by Legislature
Freights and Tariff subject to legislation
May build branch roads free from conditions of
Shall not deceive public as to rates
See Corporations
Railway Street not to run in City without its consent
Rates of freight and passage subject to legislation
Public not to be deceived as to amount charged
Realty Homestead of
Rebate of rates charged by Railroad not allowed
Recognizance when Legislature may relieve from
forfeiture of
Reelection Governor not eligible for four years after
two terms
Registration of Electors may be required by law
Rejection of nomination by Senate effect of
Of bill by Legislature effect of
Religious opinion civil and political rights not affected by
Denominations not to receive money from State
Worship places of may be exempt from tax
Remittance of sentence in power of Governor
A S P
7 6 2
7 1 1
7 2 2
7 17 1
7 17 1
8 1 1
1 1 15
3 7 4
3 7 11
3 7 15
7 15 1
13 1 1
1 1
1 1 20
1 1 9
7 14 1
9 2 1
9 8 1
5 1 7
2 5 1
3 6 1
3 7 1
5 2 6
6 14 11
11 2 1
7 6 2
3 4 4
6 2 1
3 7 18
4 2 1
4 2 3
4 2 5
3 7 20
4 2 1
4 2 5
9 1 1
4 2 5
3 7 19
5 1 2
2 2 1
5 1 13
3 7 13
1 1 13
1 1 14
7 2 2
5 1 12
294
Of forfeited Charter only on conditions v
Remonstrance and petition right of guaranteed
Removal of legislator from district vacates his seat
Of disabilities in power of Governor
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer
Of Justice of the Peace for malpractice
Of County Officers
From office effect of impeachment
Repeating law form of
Reports of Insurance Companies to the Governor
Of Treasurer and Comptroller to the Governorr
Representatives election and term of
Qualification of
House of part of General Assembly
Number and apportionment of members of
Apportionment how changed
Representatives House of Speaker of how elected
Clerk of compensation and bond of
Impeachment power vested in
Local and Special bills must originate in
Appropriation and Revenue bills must originate in
Journal ofsee Journal
Representation of Constitutional Convention
apportionment of t
Reprieve in power of Governor
Residence requisite to voteI
Resignation of Governor who acts in case of
Resolutions of appropriation must be passed by
yeas and nays
Requiring Governors approval
Requiring a two thirds vote yeas and nays
must be recorded
Having effect by law result of rejection
Retroactive legislation prohibited
Returns of election of Legislators each House to judge
for itself
To whom made
Of Governor how made
Of Governor how puhlishedIi1
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer
On ratification of Constitution
Revenue bills must originate in House of Representatives
Deficiencies of in State supplied by loansL
Deficiencies of in County or City
And roads County Commissioners for
Rights not enumerated are hot denied1
Roads jurisdiction in Ordinary a v V
Tax for keeping up by County1
And revenue County Commissioners fori
S
Sailor in U S Service not entitled to vote because
not stationed here
Salary of Governor
Of Treasurer Secretary of State and Comptroller
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts
Attorney and Solicitors Generalg
A S P
4 2 5
1 1 24
3 4 8
5 1 12
5 1 18
7 3
11 2 1
3 5 5
3 7 17
3 12 5
7 15 1
3 4 12
3 6 1
3 1 1
3 3 1
3 2 2
3 6 2
3 8 1
3 6 3
3 7 15
3 7 10
13 1 2
5 1 12
2 1 2
5 1 8
3 7 12
5 1 17
3 7 21
3 7 13
1 3 2
3 7 1
2 6 1
5 1 4
5 1 1
5 2 5
13 2 2
3 7 10
7 3 1
7 7 1
11 3 1
1 5 1
6 6 1
7 6 2
11 3 1
2 1 2
5 1 2
5 22 34
6 13 1
295
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts how
changed g
Of State school Commissioner
Sale of States property proceeds to go to public debts
Exempt from
Of Homesteads how affected
Of old Homestead heretofore made ratified
Savannah errors of City Court of corrected in
Supreme Court
Scire Facias writ of issued by Judge Superior Court
Schools Public how established by City or County3
Public existing local system not affected
Not public may share school fund when
See Education
Seal Great use and design of
Search of persons houses and papers warrant for
Seconds in Duel on conviction disqualified for office
Secretary of State returns of election to be made to
Officer of Executive Department
Election of
Salary and Clerk hire of
Eligibility and Bond of
Perquisites to forbidden
Is keeper of Great Seal
Senate compensation and bond of
Governor compensation of
Securities on forfeited recognizances when relieved
Seizure of persons and papers provisions against
Seminaries of learning may be exempt from tax
Senate is a branch of General Assembly
Consists of 51 members
May propose amendments to appropriation
and revenue bills
Impeachment to be tried beforeifej
Senate nomination rejected by effect of
President and Secretary ofSee President and Secretary
Senatorial Districts number composition and change of
Senators number not to be increased
Election and term of
Qualification of
Sentence commuted or renytted by Governor
Servitude involuntary except as punishment for
crime prohibited
Sessions of General AssemblySee General Assembly
Of Supreme Court
Of Superior Court
Of Justices Court
Setting aside Homestead laws to be provided for
Shares in one corporation not enough to be bought
by another to monopolize
Shows special tax on goes to education purposes
Sinking fund provided for
Site of county how changed
Slavery forbidden
Social status of citizens not subject of legislation
A S P
6 13 2
8 2 1
7 13 1
9 1 1
9 3 1
9 8 1
6 2 5
6 4 5
8 4 1
8 5 1
8 5 1
5 8 1
1 1 18
2 4 2
2 1 9
5 1 1
5 2 1
5 2 3
5 2 6
5 2 7
5 3 1
3 8 1
5 1 19
3 7 19
1 1 16
7 2 2
3 1 1
3 2 1
3 7 10
3 5 3
5 1 15
3 2 123
3 2 3
3 4 12
3 5 1
5 1 12
1 1 17
6 2 5
6 4 8
6 7 2
9 4 1
4 2 4
8 3 1
7 14 1
11 1 4
1 1 17
1 1 18
296
S
A S P
Soldiers not to be quartered in private houses
except when 1 1 19
Of U S not to vote on account of being stationed
here 2 1 2
Artificial limbs for maimed Confederates 7 11
Solicitors General term of office and duties of 6 11 12
Election by the Legislature 6 12 1
Salary ofs6 13 1
Qualifications ofL 6 14 1
Speaker of House of Representatives how elected 3 6 2
Must sign Acts bs 3 7 13
Per diem of 3 3 9 1
Acts as Governor when 5 18
Special law not to be enacted when provision
is made by general law L 14 1
Changing general law in particular cases how passed 14 1
For benefit of corporation conditionalj 4 2 3
Election of Governor 5 19
See Local
Speech Liberty of not to be curtailedJ 1 1 15
State aid to corporations or persons in any manner
prohibited i7 5 1
State aid by donation prohibited 7 16 1
To religious denomination prohibited 1 1 14
Printer office abolishedS 7 17 1
State School Commission election and term 8 2 1
Statement of Treasurer to be publishedL 3 7 11
Stockholder in corporation State county or city
not to be M 7 5 6 1
Street railroad not to run in city without consent of
authorities 3 7 20
Suits may be brought by or against counties 11 1 1
Against State to test void or Confederate bonds
prohibited rI 7 11 1
See Venue
Superior Court is part of Judiciary 6 11
Jurisdiction of exclusive 6 4 1
Jurisdiction of general and appellategl 6 4 3 4
Jurisdiction of to issue extra writs 6 4 5
Appeal and new trials in 6 4 6
Appeal from Ordinary to 6 6 1
Appeal from Justices to 6 7 2
Sessions of 6 4 8
Judge one for each circuit and term of6 3 1
Election of 6 12 1
Salary and qualification ofL 6 1314 1
May change venue when 6 17 1
May preside in Supreme Court when 6 2 2
May preside in City Court when 6 5 1
Appoints Notary Public ex officio Justice of the Peace 6 8 1
Sanctions sale of Homesteads 9 3 8 1
Supplemental Homesteads laws to be provided for 9 5 1
Supreme Court part of Judiciary 6 11
Constitution of p 6 2 1
Jurisdiction sessions and practice1 6 2 5 6 7
Cost in and paupers affidavit 6 21 1
297
Judges election and term
Judges election and vacancies how filled
Salary and qualifications of
When disqualified in particular case
Suspension from office of Secretary of State
Comptroller and Treasurer
T
Tax to be paid before voting i
Defaulters ineligible to Legislature i
By County Ordinarys jurisdiction
By county or city to meet bonded indebtedness
By county or city for school purposes
By county limited to certain purposes
May be imposed by Legislature for what purpose
Must be uniform ad valorem and by general law
On domestic animals of vicious nature
Exemptions from other exemptions void
Poll for educational purposes
Special for educational purposes
States power to impose not to be restrained
Of corporations not to be Surrendered
To raise a Sinking Fund
Lien good against Homestead
Act Authority of
Act must originate in the House
Telegraph Companies may be incorporated by Legislature
Terms of office of Governori1
Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer
Judge of Supreme Court
Judge of Superior Courtxz
Justice of the Peace
Ordinary
Attorney and SolicitorGeneral
State School Commissioner
County Officers
Members of General Assembly
Testimony criminating himself witness not obliged
to give
Title law must not contain matter different from
To land cases involving where brought
To land cases involving jurisdiction in
Superior Court
Treason what is and how convicted of
Conviction of disfranchise x
Pardon respite or commutation for
Treasurer election and term of office
Examination by Governor
Officer of Executive Department
Removal of f
Perquisites not allowed
Fee other than salary not allowed to
Salary and Clerks hire of
Bond and qualification of
To receive deposits from Fire Insurance Companies
A S P
6 2 4
6 12 1
6 1314 1
6 2 2
5 1 18
2 1 2
3 4 7
6 6 2
7 7 2
8 4 1
7 6 2
7 1 1
7 2 1
7 2 1
7 2 24
7 2 3
8 3 1
4 1 1
7 2 5
7 14 1
9 2 1
12 1 3
3 7 10
3 7 18
5 1 2
5 2 1
6 2 4
6 3 13
6 7 1
6 6 3
6 1011 1
8 2 1
11 2 1
3 4 1
1 1 6
3 7 8
6 16 2
6 4 1
1 2 2
2 2 1
5 1 12
5 2 1
5 1 18
5 1 1
5 1 18
5 2 7
5 2 5
5 2 2
5 2 6
3 12 4
298
To make quarterly reports to Governor
Treaty force and authority of
Trial a speedy and impartial one is the right of
defendant
By jury remains inviolate1
The University of Georgia may accept donations etc
U
Judges of Supreme Court
Judges Supreme and Superior Courts Attorney
and Solicitor General
Uniformity required in operation of general laws
In county officers and tribunals1
In courts of same grade
In taxation
Treaties and laws authority of
Soldiers not entitled to vote for being stationed here
y
Judge of Supreme Court
Judge of Superior Courts
Judge of Supreme and Superior Courts and Solicitor Generalg
Validity of bonds not to be tried by Judge who is
Venue in cases of divorce
Of land titles I
Of Equity
Not paid unless called out by State
Who is not entitled to
A S P
7 15 1
7 14 1
3 7 11
12 1 1
1 1 5
6 18 1
11 3 1
1 1 1
8 6 1
9 1 1
5 1 9
6 2 4
6 12 1
1 4 1
11 3 1
6 9 1
7 2 1
8 6 1
1 4 2
12 1 1
2 1 2
5 1 8
6 2 4
6 3 2
6 12 1
5 1 13
5 1 14
6 2 3
7 11 1
9 4 1
6 16 1
6 16 2
6 16 3
6 16 4 5
6 16 6
6 17 1
6 4 7
6 15 1
6 7 23
3 10 1
7 11 1
10 1 2
10 1 3
2 1 1
2 1 2
2 2 1
299
A S
By General Assembly to be viva voce 3 10
Of twothirds being required yeas and nays must
be recorded 1 3 7
Of twothirds being required does not do away
with Governors approval 3 7
Of twothirds overrides Governors veto 3 7
Of General Assembly having effect of law
submitted to Governor 5 1
Of General Assembly in elections must appear
in House Journal 3 10
W
Waiver of Homestead 8 3
Of old exemption 9 5
War bonded debt may be increased for purpose of1 7 12
Debt of county or city for may be assumed by State 7 8
Debt may be contracted to defend State in time of 7 3
Quartering soldiers in house in time of 1 1
Tax to defend State in time of 7 1
Warrant for search how obtained j 1 1
Ways private may be granted after compensation paid 1 3
Wearing apparel waiver of exemption on limited 9 3
Western Atlantic RR if sold proceeds how applied 7 13
Whipping as punishment for crime prohibited 1 1
White and colored public schools to be separate 8 1
Widows pensions provided forg 7 1
Wifes property is her separate estate after marriage 3 11
Wild Land Clerk compensation ofi 5 2
Witnesses in criminal cases rights of defendants as to 1 1
Not compelled to criminate themselves 1 1
Two necessary to covict of treason 1 2
Worship of God may be according to consciencei2 1 1
Place of may be exempt from tax 7 2
Y
YEAS AND NAYS TO BE RECORDED IN JOURNAL
At request of onefifth 3 7
On appropriation bills and resolutions1 3 7
When twothirds vote is required 3 7
On amendments to Constitution 13 1
P
1
21
23
23
17
1
1
1
1
1
1
19
16
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
5
6
2
12
2
6
12
21
1
300