Manual of the General Assembly of the state of Georgia, 1941-1942

SIS

GEORGIA STATE LIBRARY MANUAL
OF THE
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
OF
The State of Georgia
I94II942
BY
LINDLEY W CAMP
Secretary of the Senate AND
JOE BOONE
Clerk of the House of Representatives
1941
The Stein Printing Company Atlanta Ga
il 2
STATE OF GEORGIA
DEPARTMENTS
Governors Office
EUGENE TALMADGE
MISS ELSIE RAY
Agriculture Department of
TOM M LINDER
Audits Department of
B E THRASHER Jr
Banking Department of
JOHN 0 BEASLEY
ComptrollerGeneral
HOMER O PARKER
Education Department of
M D COLLINS
Entomology Department of
b M S YEOMANS
Examining Boards
R C COLEMAN
Highways Department of
W E WILBURN
Labor Department of
BEN T HUIET
J E B STEWART
Industrial Board
CHARLES BRUCE
Unemployment Compensation Division
W D DICKERSON
Employment Division
M A OCONNOR
Law Department of
ELLIS ARNALL
Library State
ELLA MAY THORNTON
Library Commission
BEVERLY WHEATCROFT
Military Department of
SION B HAWKINS
Governor
Executive Secretary
Commissioner
State Auditor
Superintendent
ComptrollerGeneral
Supt of Schools
State Entomologist
Executive Secretary
Chairman
Commissioner
Executive Director
Chairman
Director
Director
AttorneyGeneral
Librarian
Executive Secretary
AdjutantGeneral
Milk Control Board
G C DUNCANDirector
Natural Resources Department of
ZACH ORAVEYCommissioner
Mines Mining and Geology
CAPT GARLAND PEYTONDirector
Parks Division
R F BURCHIDirector
Forestry Division
WALTER DYAL Director
Wild Life Division
ZACH CRAVE Yj Acting Director
Prison and Parole Commission
0 V L STANLEYJChairman
Public Buildings
M G TURNERCustodian
Public Health Department of
DR T F ABERCROMBIEDirector
Public Safety Department of
JOHN GOODWIN Commissioner
Public Service Commission
WALTER R McDONALD Chairman
Public Welfare Department of
B S MILLER Director
Purchasing Department
H CARSON SMITHSupervisor of Purchases
Revenue Department
J M FORRESTER Director
Secretary of State
JOHN B WILSONSecretary of State
Treasury Department
GEORGE B HAMILTONState Treasurer
HORACE B3XON1Assistant Treasurer
Veterans Service Office
CLAUDE PEACOCKDirector
University System Regents of
S V SANFORD Chancellor
CASON J CALLAWAY Chairman
4
OFFICERS
OF THE
STATE SENATE
TERM
19411942
CHARLES D RED WINE 26th DistrictPresident
Fayette County
H B EDWARDS 6th DistrictPresident Pro Tem
Lowndes County
LINDLEY W CAMP Secretary
Fulton County
HENRY W NEVIN Assistant Secretary
Whitfield County
FRED McDUFFIEMessenger
Telfair County
A PERRY GRIFFIN Doorkeeper
DeKalb County
5
I
MEMBERS
OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA
ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED ACCORDING TO NAMES
WITH DISTRICTS AND POSTOFFICES
TERM 19411942
Senators
District PostOffice
Adams George A31st
Almand E L27th
Bargeron J J 17th
Barnhill A Li5th
Bland D G 12th
Bradley Cooper13th
Burnside Reuben29th
Campbell R P34th
Cannon R E40th
Clark J H 44th
Coker Dr G N39th
Couch Hugh C52nd
Ooxon Mrs Helen 2nd
Daughtry Allen W21st
Dobbs E O22nd
Dorsey A L 32nd
Drake J A8th
Edenfield Homer 4th
Edwards H B 6th
Fortson Ben W Jr 50th
Foster John Cnth
Franklin Cecil D 38th
Garner E W 47th
Gross Marvin L 20th
Guyton C T 1st
Hamilton Hiles42nd
Harrison E S r 23rd
Hill O W36th
Holt Kelley 48th
Houston John C 51st
Kiker C W41st
Kirkland J D49th
Royston
Monroe
Sardis
Homer ville
Lumpkin
Americus
Thomson
Covington
Clayton
Ringgold
Canton
Atlanta
Ludowici
Allentown
Barnesville
Cleveland
Colquitt
Kingsland
Valdosta
Washington
Bluffton
Rockmart
Ashburn
Sandersville
Guyton
Rome
Musella
Greenville
Rochelle
Lawrence ville
Blue Ridge
Metter
I

6
I

f
Senators
Lanier Wilmer D
Lewallen Floyd
Martin Dr S W
Mason T S
McGehee John H
Milhollin J H
Mosley A L
Odom Benton Jr
Park J B
Pilcher J L
Ragan L C
Redwine Charles D
Rowland J H
Smith Ernest
Smith H Dixon
Steed R Noel
Striplin H W
Sumner Dr Gordon S
WaU J O
Whaley John K
District PostOffice
18thAugusta
33rd Commerce
3rd Hazlehurst
30thHartweh
25thTalbotton
46thBroxton
15thLyons
9thNewton
19thGreensboro
7thMeigs
14th HawkinsviUe
26thFayette vUle
16th Wrightsvnie
35th McDonough
24thColumbus
43rd Chatsworth
37th Roopvnie
10th Sylvester
28th Eatonton
45th McRae

7
djJi 3
MEMBERS
OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA
BY DISTRICTS IN NUMERICAL ORDER WITH COUNTIES AND POST OFFICES
TERM 19411942
First DistrictEFFINGHAM Chatham Bryan
Q T GUYTONGuyton Cmin
Will IBM HI t
Second DistrictLONG Tattnall McIntosh Liberty
MBjSHELENMCOXON Ludowi c i g
Third DistrictJEFF DAVIS Appling Wayne Brantley
DR S W MARTINHazlehurst
Fourth DistrictCHARLTON Camden Glynn
HOMER EDENFIELD Kinesland
Fifth DistrictCLINCH Ware Atkinson
A L BARNHILLHoqiervills
Sixth DistrictLOWNDES Lanier Berrien Cook Echols
H B EDWARDSValdosta u
Seventh DistrictTHOMAS Grady Brooks
J L PILCHERMeies
Eighth DistrictMILLER Decatur Seminole Mitchell
JhAi DRAKE Colquitt
Ninth DistrictBAKER Calhoun Early
BENTON ODOM JRNewton
Tenth DistrictWORTH Lee Dougherty
DR GORDON S SUMNERSylvester
Eleventh DistrictCLAY Randolph Terrell
JOHN O FOSTERBluffton
Twelfth DistrictQUITMAN Stewart Webster
D G BLANDLumpkin
11wMl ffi i
Thirteenth DistrictSUMTER Macon Schley
COOPER BRADLEYAmericus
aiifliiwiiyif mirn i i immSM 1rrtmuiivi iwtiwriiinrrTiiiIllWfIMlilVUlViitjaWjJfrWJVfTgaiTttlileffitlt1WHilWWl9BtiWfartfrLuij8iri
Fourteenth DistrictPULASKI Bleckley Dooly
0 fiAGANHawkinsville
8
Fifteenth DistrictTOOMBS Montgomery Wheeler
A L MOSLEYLyons
Sixteenth DistrictJOHNSON Laurens Treutlen Emanuel
J H ROWLANDWrightsville
Seventeenth DistrictBURKE Jenkins Screven
Eighteenth DistrictRICHMOND Glascock Jefferson
WILMER D LANIERAugusta
Nineteenth DistrictGREENE Warren Taliaferro
J B PARKGreensboro
Twentieth DistrictWASHINGTON Baldwin Hancock
MARVIN L GROSS Sandersville
Twentyfirst DistrictWILKINSON Twiggs Jones
ALLEN W DAUGHTRY Allentown
Twentysecond DistrictLAMAR Bibb Monroe Pike
E O DOBBSBarnesville
Twentythird DistrictCRAWFORD Houston Peach Taylor
E S HARRISONMusella
Twentyifourth DistrictiSCOGEE Chtwchee Marion
H DIXON SMITHColumbus
Twentyfifth DistrictTALBOT Harris Upson
JOHN H McGEHEETalbotton
Twentysixth DistrictFAYETTE Spalding Butts
CTTlJiIiES iDi REPWTNUHriBrFayetteville
Twentyseventh DistrictWALTON Barrow Oconee
E L ALMANDl Monroe
Twentyeighth DistrictPUTNAM Morgan Jasper
J O WALLEatonton
Twentyninth DistrictMcDUFFIE Columbia Lincoln
REUBEN BURNSIDE Thomson
Thirtieth DistrictHART Madison Elbert
T S MASONHartwell
Thirtyfirst DistrictFRANKLIN Stephens Habersham
GEORGE A ADAMSRoyston
Thirtysecond DisiriciWHITE Liimpkirn Dawson
A L DORSEYCleveland
Thirtythird DistrictBANKS Jackson Hall
FLOYD LEWALLENCommerce
Thirtyfourth DistrictNEWTON Rockdale DeKalb
R P OAMPBELLCovington
Thirtyfifth DistrictHENRY Clayton
ERNEST SMITHMcDonough
Thirtysixth DistrictMERIWETHER Coweta
O W HILLGreenville
Thirtyseventh DistrictHEARD Carroll Troup
H W STRIPLINRoopville
Thirtyeighth DistrictPOLK Paulding Haralson
CECIL D FRANKLINRockmart
Thirtyninth DistrictCHEROKEE Douglas Cobb
Dr G N COKER ifeifcSi cL sl 1 Canton
Fortieth DistrictRABUN Towns Union
R E CANNONClayton
Fortyfirst DistrictFANNIN Gilmer Pickens
0 W KIKERBlue Ridge
Fortysecond DistrictFLOYD Bartow Chattooga
HLLES HAMILTONRome
Fortythird DistrictMURRAY Whitfield Gordon
R NOEL STEEDChatsworth
Fortyfourth DistrictCATOOSA Dade Walker
J H CLARKRinggold
Fortyfifth DistrictTELFAIR Irwin Ben Hill
JOHN K WHALEYMcRae
Fortysixth DistrictCOFFEE Pierce Bacon
J H MILHOLLINBroxton
Fortyseventh DistrictTURNER Colquitt Tift
E W GARNERAshburn
Fortyeighth DistrictWILCOX Crisp Dodge
KELLEY HOLTRochelle
Fortyninth DistrictCANDLER Evans Bulloch
J D KIRKLANDMetter
Fiftieth DistrictWILKES Clarke Oglethorpe
BEN W EORTSON JRWashington
Fiftyfirst DistrictGWINNETT Forsyth
JOHN C HOUSTON Lawrenceville
Fiftysecond DistrictFULTON
HUGH C COUCHitJafkHl5 BjgAtlanta
10
STANDING COMMITTEES
OF THE
SENATE
TERM 19411942
ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND
Striplin Chairman Mason
Fortson ViceChairman Smith 35th
Campbell Whaley
Cannon
AGRICULTURE
Milhollin Chairman Harrison
Rowland ViceChairman Holt
Aim and Kiker
Bargeron Lewallen
Barnhill Pilcher
Campbell Striplin
Edenfield Sumner
Garner Wall
Guyton
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION
Holt Chairman Houston
Smith 35th ViceChairman Hamilton
Adams Kirkland
Burnside Lanier
Campbell Mason
Clark McGehee
Dobbs Milhollin
Drake Mosley
Edwards Park
Fortson Steed
Franklin Sumner
Gross Wall
Guyton Whaley
12
APPROPRIATIONS
t
i
t
Mason Chairman Campbell ViceChairman Aim and Burnside Coker Coxon Daughtry Edenfield Edwards
Fortson
Foster
Guyton
Holt
McGehee
Park
Smith 24th
Striplin
Whaley
AUDITING
Barnhill Chairman Couch
Franklin ViceChairman Coxon
Aim and Fortson
Cannon Whaley
AVIATION
Mosley Chairman Edenfield ViceChairman Bradley Coxon
Hamilton Lanier Smith 24th
BANKS AND BANKING
Whaley Chairman Ragan ViceChairman Daughtry Garner Hill
Holt Houston McGehee Smith 24th
COMMERCE
Smith 24th Chairman Hill
Bland ViceChairman Holt
Couch Milhollin
Daughtry
13
CONGRESSIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE REAPPORTIONMENTS
Adams Chairman Mason
Gross ViceChairman Milhollin
Bradley Mosley
Campbell Odom
Hill Steed
Lewallen
CONSERVATION
Ragan Chairman Garner
Edenfield ViceChairman Guyton
Bland Harrison
Burnside Holt
Campbell Martin
Couch Pilcher
Coxon Smith 24th
Fortson Smith 35th
Franklin Steed
CORPORATIONS
Smith 35th Chairman Drake
Ragan ViceChairman Franklin
Bargeron Houston
Bland Kirkland
Burnside Odom
Campbell Pilcher
Couch
COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS
Drake Chairman Odom ViceChairman Adams Aim and Bargeron Barnhill Bland Campbell Couch Coxon Daughtry Dobbs Edwards Foster Guyton Kiker Kirkland Lewallen Martin Milhollin Mosley Park Smith 35th Striplin Whaley
DRAINAGE
Barnhill Chairman Kirkland
Pilcher ViceChairman Campbell Coker Martin Mason Milhollin
EDUCATION AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS NO 1
Edwards Chairman Bargeron ViceChairman Aim and Bland Campbell Couch Dorsey Franklin Hamilton Hill Holt Houston Martin Mason Odom Park Pilcher Ragan Striplin Sumner
15
EDUCATION AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS NO 2
Coxon Chairman Clark
Steed ViceChairman Edenfield
Adams Mosley
Bland Rowland
Burnside Whaley
ENGROSSING
Hill Chairman Aim and
Franklin ViceChairman Whaley
ENROLLMENT
Rowland Chairman Martin
Bland ViceChairman Smith 35th
Edwards Sumner
Fortson
FINANCE
Lanier Chairman Gross
Milhollin ViceChairman Hamilton
Adams Hill
Barnhill Houston
Bland Kiker
Bradley Kirkland
Cannon Lewallen
Clark Odom
Couch Ragan
Dobbs Rowland
Dorsey Smith 35th
Drake Sumner
Garner Wall
GAME AND FISH
Guyton Chairman Barnhill
Holt ViceChairman Campbell
Aim and Cannon
16
Clark Houston
Coker Milhollin
Dorsey Mosley
Edenfield Odom
Fortson Striplin
Franklin Wall
Garner Whaley
GENERAL JUDICIARY NO 1
Houston Chairman Kirkland
Franklin ViceChairman Lanier
Adams Mason
Burnside McGehee
Campbell Odom
Dobbs Smith 35th
Drake Steed
Gross Whaley
GENERAL JUDICIARY NO 2
Dorsey Chairman Edenfield
McGehee ViceChairman Edwards
Bland Guyton
Bradley Hamilton
Clark Harrison
Coker Hill
Couch Kiker
Coxon Mason
Daughtry Whaley
Dobbs
HALLS AND ROOMS
Lewallen Chairman Edenfield
Barnhill ViceChairman Guyton
Campbell Kirkland
Couch Sumner
HIGHWAYS AND PUBLIC ROADS
Coker Chairman Kirkland
Daughtry ViceChairman Lanier
Barnhill Mason
Bland Martin
Couch McGehee
Dorsey Milhollin
Drake Mosley
Edenfield Park
Foster Striplin
Hill Sumner
Holt Wall
Houston Whaley
Kiker
HISTORICAL RESEARCH
Odom Chairman Dobbs
Dorsey ViceChairman Martin
Almand McGehee
Campbell Mosley
Coxon Pilcher
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Martin Chairman Hamilton
Mosley ViceChairman Pilcher
Burnside Smith 24th
Edwards Sumner
INSURANCE
Cannon Chairman Fortson ViceChairman Almand Bradley Burnside Clark Couch Coxon
Franklin
Garner
Guyton
Milhollin
Ragan
Smith 35th
Sumner
Whaley

i
18
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
Couch Chairman Hamilton
Daughtry ViceChairman Hill
Adams Lanier
Barnhill Milhollin
Burnside Ragan
Campbell Rowland
Cannon Smith 24th
Clark Sumner
Edenfield Whaley
Gross
INTERSTATE COOPERATIVE COMMITTEE Oh COUNCILS OF STATE GOVERNMENT
Franklin Chairman Holt
Kirkland ViceChairman Lanier
Campbell
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS
Bland Chairman Adams ViceChairman Couch
Hamilton Milhollin Smith 24th
COMMITTEE ON JOURNALS
Foster Chairman Odom ViceChairman Dobbs
Martin
Mason
Pilcher
MANUFACTURES
Smith 24th Chairman Bland ViceChairman Campbell Clark
Daughtry
Kiker
Ragan
19
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Bargeron Chairman Coxon ViceChairman Couch Drake Edenfield Edwards Franklin Hill
Holt
Houston
Kirkland
Milhollin
Odom
Smith 35th Whaley
MINES AND MINING
Kiker Chairman Coker
Steed ViceChairman Ragan
Clark Rowland
MOTOR VEHICLES
Campbell Chairman Edwards
Daughtry ViceChairman Fortson
Almand Garner
Cannon Houston
Clark Milhollin
Couch Ragan
Coxon Smith 35th
Dorsey Striplin
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
Daughtry Chairman Edenfield
Smith 35th ViceChairman Fortson Barnhill Gross
Bland McGehee
Burnside Odom
Campbell Steed
Couch Whaley
20
PENSIONS
Park Chairman Foster
McGehee ViceChairman Kiker
Adams Martin
Barnhill Rowland
Bradley Striplin
PENITENTIARY
Almand Chairman Foster
Cannon ViceChairman Franklin
Adams Garner
Barnhill Guyton
Bradley Hamilton
Campbell Hill
Coker Holt
Coxon Kirkland
Daughtry Mason
Dobbs Wall
PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS Garner Chairman Houston
Martin ViceChairman Mosley
Cannon Park
Dorsey Pilcher
Drake Ragan
Harrison
PRIVILEGES OF FLOOR
Odom Chairman Franklin
Whaley ViceChairman Guyton
Barnhill Hill
Clark Ragan
Foster Steed
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Harrison Chairman Edwards
Coxon ViceChairman Hamilton
Burnside Lanier
Couch Milhollin
21
PUBLIC PRINTING
Bradley Chairman Daughtry
Barnhill ViceChairman Hamilton
Clark
PUBLIC PROPERTY
Pilcher Chairman McGehee
Bradley ViceChairman Park
Adams Smith 35th
Hamilton
PUBLIC UTILITIES
Gross Chairman Drake
Guyton ViceChairman Edwards
Barnhill Franklin
Bradley Guyton
Burnside Harrison
Campbell Holt
Cannon Kiker
Couch Mason
Coxon Milhollin
Dorsey Sumner
PUBLIC WELFARE
Dobbs Chairman Mason
Hamilton ViceChairman McGehee
Adams Park
Edenfield Ragan
Guyton Rowland
Kiker
RULES
Redwine Chairman Campbell
Edenfield ViceChairman Clark
Aim and Couch
Burnside Coxon
22
Edwards Milhollin
Fortson Odom
Guyton Ragan
Holt Smith 24th
Houston Striplin
Kiker Sumner
Kirkland Whaley
Mason
SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Hamilton Chairman Martin
Franklin ViceChairman Odom
Daughtry Pilcher
Dorsey Steed
Houston
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Steed Chairman Hamilton
Burnside ViceChairman Hill
Adams Holt
Bland Houston
Edwards McGehee
Gross Odom
Guyton Park
STATE OF THE REPUBLIC
Clark Chairman Kirkland
Holt ViceChairman Mason
Campbell Milhollin
Edenfield Striplin
Edwards Sumner
Houston Whaley
Kiker
23
STATE SANITARIUM
Wall Chairman Gross
Sumner ViceChairman Hill
Coker Martin
Couch Mosley
Dorsey Smith 24th
Fortson Steed
TEMPERANCE
McGehee Chairman Hill
Smith 24th ViceChairman Houston
Clark Kirkland
Couch Lanier
Daughtry Lewallen
Dobbs Mason
Edenfield Milhollin
Edwards Park
Guyton Smith 35th
Hamilton Sumner
TRAINING SCHOOL
Rowland Chairman Gross
Martin ViceChairman Mosley
Coker Sumner
Couch Whaley
TUBERCULOSIS SANITARIUM ATALTO
Sumner Chairman Fortson
Mosley ViceChairman Harrison
Barnhill Hill
Coker Kirkland
Daughtry Lewallen
Dobbs Martin
24
UNIFORM LAWS
Burnside Chairman Odom ViceChairman Campbell Dobbs Edwards Franklin Gross
Houston
Kirkland
Mason
McGehee
Smith 35th
Whaley
UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA
Fortson Chairman Bland ViceChairman Aim and Bradley Cannon Couch Coxon Dobbs Dorsey Drake Edwards Garner Gross Guyton
Hamilton
Hill
Houston
Kirkland
Lanier
Milhollin
Odom
Park
Ragan
Smith 35th
Striplin
Sumner
Wall
WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILROAD
Kirkland Chairman Dorsey
Clark ViceChairman Edenfield
Aim and Edwards
Barnhill Foster
Bland Franklin
Burnside Harrison
Campbell Lewallen
Coker Pilcher
Couch Ragan
Coxon Striplin
Dobbs Sumner
25
RULES OF THE SENATE
ADOPTED FOR THE SESSIONS OF 19411942
THE PRESIDENT
Rule 1 The President shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the Senate the President shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the Senate shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the President may vote
Rule 3 When two or more Senators shall rise at the same time the President shall name the Senator entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the President unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 5 The method of stating the question on any motion by the President shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the President or a division of the Senate is called for by any one member of the Senate the President shall call upon the Senators in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the Secretary he shall call upon the Senators to reverse their positions and the President shall announce the result
Discretion of President
When President shaU vote
Bight of Senator to the floor to be decided by the President
President to appoint committees
Method of stating a Question by the President
29

President may name preside Rule 6 TLe President may during a days sitting name any Senator to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Duty of Secretary wlien President absent Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the President shall be absent the President pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Secretary of the Senate shall call the Senate to order and shall preside until a President pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the Senate The President pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
When no debate on appeals Rule 8 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Appeals to be made at once Rule 9 All appeals from the decisions of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Power of President to suspend subordinate officers Rule 10 The President shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the Senate within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the Senate may see fit to take in the premises
When President may order galleries and lobbies cleared Rule 11 The President shall have power to Cause the galleries and lobbies of the Senate cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested
30
and brought before the bar of the Senate to be dealt with for contempt of the Senate
Rule 12 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the Senate the President may order the door of the Senate to be closed and the roll of Senators called by the Secretary and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the Senate and any Senator present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the Senate
Rule 13 The President may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the Senate discloses the fact that a quorum of the Senate has not voted
Rule 14 All questions as to priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the President without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 15 When any Senator is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the Senate he shall arise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr President He shall be confined to matter in debate shall speak not more than twice on any subject nor more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken After the first thirty days of the regular session all individual speeches on bills and resolutions shall be limited to thirty minutes unless extended by a majority of a quorum and on all points of personal privilege shall be limited to ten minutes If any Senator in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the Senate the President shall call him to order in which case the Senator so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The Senate shall if appealed to decide
No Quorum voting duty of President
When President may order vote taken by yeas and nays
Decision on Questions of priority
Conduct of Senators in debate
Appeals
31
Expulsion See Rule 147
Exception to words spoken
Silence
Mode of
designating
Senators
Shall not vote when interested in result
and if the decision of the Senate be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the Senate by a twothirds vote of the Senators which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays
Rule 16 If any Senator be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Secretary and read then admitted denied or explained by the Senator who spoke and thereupon the questions of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the Senate may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the Senate is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been disposed of or until such further time as may then be ordered by the Senate But no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the Senate for words spoken in debate if any other Senator has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Rule 17 The members of the Senate shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking Senator shall have taken his seat
Rule 18 The Senators shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the districts they represent
Rule 19 No Senator shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is personally interested and in every case where the seat of a Senator is being contested the sitting Senator and the contestant
32
shall both retire from the Senate before the vote is taken
Rule 20 Any Senator may have entered on the Journal a protest in writing against the action of the Senate said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the Senate nor any member thereof
Rule 21 No Senator shall address the Senate nor interrogate a Senator who is speaking except through the President and if the Senator speakingdeclines to be interrupted the President shall cause the Senator desiring to interrogate him to be silent
Rule 22 No Senator shall pass between the Chair and a Senator while he is speaking nor shall any Senator at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the President retires
Rule 23 No Senator shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another Senator or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the House except as to the final action taken by the House in any pending matter
Rule 24 No smoking shall be allowed in the Senate Chamber during the Sessions of the Senate nor shall conversation be permitted within the Chamber
Rule 25 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 26 Applause or hisses in the Senate Chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Protests
Duty while Senator is speaking and at adjournment
Restrictions in debate
Applause and hisses forbidden
33
No debate during yeas and nays Rule 27 During the calling or reading of ayes and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Only one motion be made at a time Rule 28 No Senator can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the Senate he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the President
Explanation Rule 29 On all questions except such as are not debatable any Senator on the call of the ayes and nays shall be allowed five minutes as a matter of right in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no Senator shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent No motion or request shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a Senators time for explaining
Beading of papers Rule 30 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any Senator it shall be determined by a vote of the Senate and this motion shall be decided without debate
Uotlon to excuse when made Rule 31 A motion to excuse a Senator from voting must be made before the Senate divides or be
Excuses from voting fore the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the Senator making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail Rule 32 No Senator shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then move to table the
bill resolution or motion or move the previous question thereon without relinquishing the floor
34
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 33 Any one Senator may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Rule 34 The Senator calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself and be consistent and entire
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Rule 35 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Secretary shall distinctly state its number and the name of the Senator by whom introduced Provided that the General Appropriation Bill and the General Tax Bill shall have precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said bills shall have been finally disposed of
Rule 36 Every motion or request to take up general bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion or request for special orders shall be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the Senate
Rule 37 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any bill or resolution or other matter requiring reference to a committee the President shall as a matter
Call for division
Division how made
Bills and resolutions called in order
Proviso What motions to be in writing
Question on first reading
35
Effect of favorable report of committee
Adverse report of committee
Bills when withdrawn
Reports of committees order of action
of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the Senate In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Secretary and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed
Rule 38 Where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill etc the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question unless recommitted Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill etc in order to have a second reading thereof any Senator may at the time such report is made give notice of intention to move at the proper time to disagree to such adverse committee report when the question shall be upon agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill etc shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill etc shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Provided that no bill etc adversely reported shall be taken up for a second reading except by motion of some Senator Any bill etc may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the Senate
Rule 39 When a bill etc favorably reported by a committee is on its third or last reading if the report of the committee is disagreed to by the Senate the bill or measures shall be lost unless the action of the Senate in disagreeing to the committee report is reconsidered within the proper time
Rule 40 The President shall not recognize any Senator at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to place any general bill on its passage out of its regular order Neither shall he recognize any request for unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter or to read any bill or resolution the second time or to place any local bill or
36
resolution on its passage except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal The President shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 41 Where a bill or a resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the Senate
Rule 42 All bills and resolutions shall be written or printed and shall have the name of the Senator introducing the same as well as the district he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same All bills and resolutions having the force and effect of law shall when introduced have attached an exact copy and said copy shall be retained by the Secretary subject to use as information but the original bill or resolution shall be for the exclusive use of the Senate and the committee to which it is assigned and shall be the official bill or resolution of the Senate and shall not be subject to any other use
Rule 43 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the Senate by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the Senate agreeing thereto
Rule 43A During extra sessions of the General Assembly all bills and resolutions having the effect of law except purely local bills shall upon being reported back to the Senate with recommendation that the bill or resolution do pass be printed or mimeographed and a copy placed upon each Senators desk at least one hour before such bill or resolution shall be read a third time
Rule 44 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the House on the day of the passage thereof unless a majority of the Senators present shall so order
Bills and resolutions to be in writing
How indorsed
Bills when printed
Bill when printed extra session
Transmission to House by majority vote
37
Order of precedence
Not debatable when maybe renewed Amendment
When
debatable
When
made
When not In order
Rule 45 The Committee on Rules during the last fifteen legislative days of each session shall arrange and fix the calendar of business for each day and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing special order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order and manner fixed by such calendar except by a threefourths vote of those present
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Rule 46 When any subject is before the Senate for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st A motion to adjourn
2d A motion to lay on table
3d A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to postpone indefinitely
5th A motion to postpone to a day certain
6th A motion to commit
7th A motion to amend
Which said several motions shall have precedence in the order named
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 47 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the Senate A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
Rule 48 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the Senate is not actually engaged in other business is debatable and is amendable as to the day or time proposed
Rule 49 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the Senator moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 50 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sus
38
tained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Secretary has called the first name of the ayes and nays and a vote of one Senator has been given or after a division of the Senate has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced
Rule 51 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the Senate to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 52 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the Senate is being taken by the ayes and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the Senate is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the ayes and nays as aforesaid the Senate shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE
Rule 53 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order
Rule 54 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the Senate is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken from the table it is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 55 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Effect of adjournment
Hour of adjournment What business postponed
Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table
How matters may be taken from table
When
renewed
39
Not debatable or amendable Rule 56 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
What can be tabled Rule 57 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
When In order Rule 58 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
Effect of previous auestion THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION Rule 59 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except motions to adjourn or to lay on the table and when it is moved the first question shall be Shall the call for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority vote in the affirmative the motion to adjourn or to lay on the table can still be made but they must be made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative and after said last question is affirmatively decided by a majority vote said motions will be out of order and the Senate cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives
Twenty minutes debate allowed Rule 60 When the previous question has been ordered the Senate shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill
40
GEORGIA STATE LIBRARY
or other measure is under consideration to close the debate When the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twentyminutes before the time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such Senators as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule
Rule 61 After the main question is ordered any Senator may call for a division of the Senate in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays but on all questions on which the yeas and nays are called the assent of onefifth of the number present shall be necessary to sustain the call and when such call is sustained the yeas and nays shall be entered on the Journal
Rule 62 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the Senate to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 63 After the main question has been ordered a motion to reconsider this action will if adopted have the effect to repeal the ordering of both the main question and the previous question and will leave the pending measure again open to debate and amendment This motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question can be made only once and if lost or if the main question is again subsequently ordered on the pending measure no second motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question shall be entertained
Vote now taken
Yeas and nays Onefifth necessary
Effect of main Question being ordered
Reconsideration when in order
41
Contested
elections
How called and ordered
Call of the Senate when In order
Questions of order
Effect
Not amendable
Rule 64 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any matter if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member of said committee whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 65 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Rule 66 A call of the Senate shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the President that a quorum is not present
Rule 67 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Rule 68 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Rule 69 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
42
Rule 70 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 71 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has once been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 72 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another This motion cannot be renewed or made a second time to the same measure on the same day
Rule 73 The motion to postpone to a day certain cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but only to the whole measure It is amendable by substituting one day or time for another If a day proposed is known to be beyond the limits of the Session the motion shall be treated as one to indefinitely postpone
MOTION TO COMMIT
Rule 74 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee
When cannot be applied
Not renewed
Debate when and how allowed
Motion to commit
43
Precedence of
When debatable
How
amended
Motion to recommit
Amendments how made
Bill first perfected then the substitute
Rule 75 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on
Rule 76 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 77 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the Senator making the motion
Rule 78 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTION TO AMEND
Rule 79 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2nd By striking out words
3rd By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment Any irrelevant amendment or amendment obviously offered for the purpose of delay shall be ruled out of order by the President
Rule 80 When a bill or resolution is before the Senate for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the Senate to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative
44
the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 81 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the Senate unless said action of the Senate in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Rule 82 All motions to amend any matter before the Senate must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 83 On all questions whether in committee or in the Senate the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 84 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 85 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Rule 86 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the Senate shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Secretary in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee
When too late to amend
Must be in writing
Priority
Blanks
Caption
when
amended
Amending by sections
45
Amendments by striking out and inserting
Priority of amendment to perfect
Amending
House
amendments
See Rule 130
Priority
Priority of auestions on House amendments
to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Secretary without any motion being made in the Senate and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur back and amend it
Rule 87 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Secretary shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 88 WTien a motion is made to amend by striking out a paragraph any amendment offered to perfect the paragraph shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
Rule 89 When any bill or resolution which originated in the Senate has been amended in the House and is before the Senate for action on the House amendment an amendment may be offered in the Senate to the House amendment but the Senate amendment to the House amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 90 A motion to amend an amendment made by the House to a Senate bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Rule 91 The questions which arise before the Senate respecting amendments by the House to a Senate bill or resolution are
1st A motion to agree to the House amendment
2d A motion to disagree to the House amendment
3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
46
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order
RECONSIDERATION
Rule 92 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any Senator to move for reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter that has been previously reconsidered provided such Senator shall notify the Senate of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed
Rule 93 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Rule 94 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Rule 95 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the time for unanimous consents on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Provided a motion to reconsider the action of the Senate ordering immediate transmission of any bill or resolution to the House shall be made and disposed of before the transaction of other business
Rule 96 The action of the Senate upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
Rule 97 All bills reconsidered shall take their
Motion to reconsider
Shall not be
withdrawn
when
When there may be one reconsideration
When in order
Amendments when reconsidered
Place on calendar
47
Morning
rollcall
dispensed
with by
majority
vote
Names of absentees noted
Sergeantatarms Power to compel attendance
Call how ordered
Subsequent
proceedings
place at the foot of calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
ABSENTEES
Rule 98 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the Senate shall not be dispensed with except by a majority vote of the Senators present
Rule 99 Upon the call of the Senators ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Secretary and shall appear upon the Journal
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 100 The power to compel the attendance of Senators in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the President and to this end he may have the doors of the Senate closed When the doors are so closed no Senator shall be allowed to retire from the Senate without first obtaining leave from the Senate
The Messenger of the Senate shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the Senate and on order of the President may arrest any absentees and bring them before the Senate when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE SENATE
Rule 101 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present or when the President shall officially state the fact to the Senate it shall be in order for any Senator to make a motion for a call of the Senate and when this motion is made the President shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the Senate prevail and if five of the Senators present shall vote in the affirmative the President shall order the Secretary to call the roll
48
of Senators and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the Senators present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the Senate shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 102 When a message is sent to the Senate it shall be announced at the door of the Senate by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 103 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce vote is being taken A message shall be presented to the Senate by the President when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business on which the Senate is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the Senate
Rule 104 After a motion is stated by the President or read by the Secretary it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Senate but may be withdrawn at any time before decision by consent of the Senate
Rule 105 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the peti
Messages
Messages when received and considered
Motions
Petitions
memorials
etc
49
No debate
Motions not privileged
Record
Not necessary to second motion
Committees how and when enlarged
Privileges of the floor
tioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Rule 106 Any motion to suspend the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate
Rule 107 Any motion not privileged containing new matters shall lie at least one day on the table
Rule 108 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Secretary shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Rule 109 Where a motion is made by any Senator it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the Senate
Rule 110 After the announcement of the standing committees no other Senators shall be placed thereon unless it be at the request of a majority of the committee to be added thereto except when Senators have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the President may assign said Senators to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 111 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the Senate except the Senators and officers of the Senate the officers and members of the House the President of the United States and Cabinet members the Governor of the State and the heads of the offices of the Executive Department exGovernors Judges of the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals in actual commission expresiding officers of the Senate and House members of Congress from Georgia Governors and members of the
50
Legislature of any State of the United States members of the press actually reporting legislative proceedings and such others as the Senate may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor but the privilege of the floor shall be extended to no person for a period longer than two days and not more than twice during any session
Rule 112 It shall be the duty of the committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the Senate that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Secretary
Rule 113 The hours of the morning sessions of the Senate shall be from 10 oclock A M to one oclock P M when the Senate shall stand adjourned until ten oclock A M of the next succeeding day Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 114 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
Rule 115 All writs warrants subpoenas issued by order of the Senate shall be signed by the President and attested by the Secretary
Rule 116 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the Senate while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the President and to execute the demands of the Senate from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the President
Rule 117 The Messenger under the direction of the Secretary shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the
Duty of Committee on Journals
Adjourn
ment
Motion for yeas and nays not debatable
Signature of President and Secretary
Duty of Messenger
Messengers duty In distributing documents etc
51
members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Interlineation forbidden Rule 118 No committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendments recommended on separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendments relate
Pairing Rule 119 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Committee of Conference Rule 120 Whenever any Senator moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the President shall appoint a committee on the part of the Senate and in such case the committee shall consist only of such Senators as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the Senate and if by inadvertence any Senator be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the Senate and be excused by the President
Amend ments Rule 121 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the Senate it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the Senate but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Free debate Rule 122 No Senator shall after debating any question and before yielding the floor be allowed to submit any motion the effect of which shall be to prevent further debate
52
Rule 123 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment If a motion be made to strike out a part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend the part proposed to be stricken out shall be first on order
Rule 124 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
Rule 125 Every motion for information from the Executive or other Departments shall lie on the table one day unless referred to a committee by vote of the Senate
Rule 126 On the call of the yeas and nays the Secretary shall read the names of the Senators after they have been called and no Senator shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 127 Questions of the privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the Senate collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of Senators individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions Provided that when any matter is pending before the Senate no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question is disposed of
Rule 128 In all elections a majority of the Senators present shall be necessary to a choice
Motion
Majority and minority reports
What motions lie on table
Changing
votes
Questions of privilege
Elections
53
Appropriating moneyyeas and nays called and recorded Must originate In House Representatives
Amendment to Constitution entered in full in journals
Caption or title only to be read in local bills
Secretary to take oath sind give bond
Oath of enrolling and engrossing Clerks
Rule 129 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays are called and recorded All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money must originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Rule 130 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal and when any amendment to the Constitution shall be agreed to by a twothirds vote of members elected such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on the Journal in full with the yeas and nays taken thereon
Rule 131 The first and second reading of local bills shall consist of the reading of the titles only unless said bill is ordered engrossed
Rule 132 The Secretary and Assistant Secretary shall before entering on their duties as such take an oath before their presiding officer to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge and the Secretary shall enter into bond in the sum of 5000 conditioned for faithful discharge of his duties Said bond to be approved by President of Senate
Rule 133 All engrossing and enrolling clerks before entering upon the discharge of their respective duties shall take an oath before the President of Senate to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge of which a minute shall be made and entered on the Journals and no journalizing recording enrolling or engrossing
54
clerk shall be appointed by the Secretary of Senate until such clerk has been examined by the Enrolling Committee and certified to be competent and well qualified for the discharge of the duties required of him and shall be removed at any time upon recommendation of the Enrolling Committee
Rule 134 When there is a meeting of both branches of the General Assembly in joint session the Secretary shall enter in the journal of the Senate the proceedings of the same
COMMITTEES
Rule 135 The President shall appoint the following standing committees
Committee on Academy for the Blind
Committee on Agriculture
Committee on Amendments to Constitution
Committee on Appropriations
Committee on Auditing
Committee on Aviation
Committee on Banks and Banking
Committee on Commerce
Committee on Congressional and Legislative Reapportionment
Committee on Conservation
Committee on Corporations
Committee on Counties and County Matters
Committee on Drainage
Committee on Education and Public Schools No 1
Committee on Education and Public Schools No 2
Committee on Engrossing
Committee on Enrollment
Committee on Finance
Committee on Game and Fish
Committee on General Judiciary Number One
Committee on General Judiciary Number Two
Must be examined by enrolling committee and be recommended by it as competent
Secretary must enter on journals proceedings of joint sessions
55
Committee on Halls and Rooms
Committee on Highways and Public Roads Committee on Historical Research
Committee on Hygiene and Sanitation
Committee on Industrial Relations
Committee on Insurance
Committee on Interstate Cooperative Council of State Government
Committee on Internal Improvements
Committee on Journals
Committee on Manufactures
Committee on Military Affairs
Committee on Mines and Mining
Committee on Motor Vehicles
Committee on Municipal Government
Committee on Penitentiary
Committee on Pensions
Committee on Privileges and Elections
Committee on Privileges of the Floor
Committee on Public Library
Committee on Public Printing
Committee on Public Property
Committee on Public Utilities
Committee on Public Welfare Committee on Rules
Committee on School for the Deaf
Committee on Special Judiciary
Committee on State of the Republic
Committee on State Sanitarium
Committee on Temperance
Committee on Training Schools
Committee on Tuberculosis Sanitarium at Alto Committee on Uniform Laws
Committee on University System of Georgia Committee on Western and Atlantic Railroad
The Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Finance and the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Finance
56
shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 136 The following shall be the order of business
1 Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of Committee on Journals
4 Notices of motions to reconsider
5 Reading the Journal
6 Motions to reconsider
7 Confirmation of the Journal
8 Unanimous consents
9 Reports of Standing Committees
10 Reports of Select Committees
11 Messages from the Governor
12 Unfinished business
13 Special Orders and Orders of the Day
14 Messages from the House of Representatives
15 Introduction of bills etc the first time on
Mondays Wednesdays and Thursdays
16 Reading House Bills etc the first time for
reference
17 Reading bills etc second time favorably re
ported from committees
18 Consideration of bills etc adversely reported
on Tuesdays and Fridays
19 Reading for third time of bills etc ready for
passage
20 Motions resolutions and petitions
57
Rule 137 The report of the Committee on Rules shall be in order at any time and messages from the Governor or from the House of Representatives may be received under any order of business
Rule 138 No change of or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition be submitted in writing and referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the Senate
Rule 139 The rules of the Senate shall in no case be suspended or changed or the order of business changed except by a twothirds vote a quorum of the Senate being present and voting
Rule 140 The Auditing Committee before auditing the account of any Senator for expenses as a Committeeman or incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of the Senate shall require of him an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item whenever the same is practicable
Rule 141 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
58
CONSTITUTIONAL RULES
Rule 142 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4
Rule 143 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
Rule 144 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14
Rule 145 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6
Rule 146 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12
Rule 147 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21
What is a quorum Compelling attendance
Oath of members
Majority required to pass bill
Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members
Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays
Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays
59
Revenue bills
Reading of bills
One subject matter etc
An amendment to laws and sections of Code
General laws how varied
Consent and when required
Rule 148 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third reading of local bills must be full and complete
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5
Rule 149 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10
Rule 150 No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8
Rule 151 No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17
Rule 152 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provisions have been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
60
Rule 153 The General Assembly shall have no tions power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of egatedto legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law courts the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
Rule 154 The General Assembly shall have no recognizance power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Rule 155 The General Appropriation bill shall general apembrace nothing except appropriation fixed by pre bmshaiion vious laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive other aiLegislative and Judicial Departments of the Govern bysSaat ment paying of the public debt and interest thereon bms and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9
Rule 156 Neither House shall adjourn for more mSits than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24
Rule 157 All elections by the General Assembly Elections shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the
61
Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote
January session limited to ten days
Regular Session limited to sixty days
Elections
disorderly
conduct
Expulsion by twothirds vote
Signature of Governor when required
Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result
Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1
Rule 158 No bill or ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13
Rule 159 The General Assembly shall meet on the second Monday in January 1933 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the day shall be changed by law Such session shall continue no longer than ten 10 days
The General Assembly shall reconvene in regular session on the second Monday after the 4th of July 1933 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the date shall be changed by law No such regular session shall continue longer than sixty 60 days
Rule 160 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have the power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1
Rule 161 No provision of this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for
62
the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23
Rule 162 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16
Rule 163 Every note resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 17
Rule 164 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4
Rule 165 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment
Governors
veto
Effect of twothirds vote thereon
When Governor must approve
Effect of
twothirds
vote
Twothirds vote reauired
Twothirds vote reauired on amendments to Constitution
63
Twothirds vote reauired to call a convention How called
Salaries of Judges
or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional Districts for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
Rule 166 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2
Rule 167 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries not to exceed four thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Court shall have salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office
64
The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such changes shall affect the officers then in commission
Art 6 Sec 13 Pars 1 and 2
Rule 168 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16
May be changed by a twothirds vote
Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same
65
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SENATE IN EXECUTIVE SESSION
1 When nominations shall be made by the Governor to the Senate a future day shall be assigned for their consideration unless the Senate directs otherwise
2 When acting on executive business the Senate shall be cleared of all persons except the Senators the Secretary and Assistant Secretary
3 All information or remarks touching or concerning the character or qualifications of any person nominated by the Governor for office shall be kept secret
4 The Legislative and Executive proceedings of the Senate shall be kept in separate and distinct books except that a copy of the message transmitting information of definite action on appointments of the Governor shall be placed in the regular Journals of the Senate
5 All nominations approved by the Senate or otherwise definitely acted on shall be transmitted by the Secretary to the Governor with the determination of the Senate thereon from day to day as such proceedings may occur but no further extract from the Executive Journal shall be furnished published or otherwise communicated except as provided in Rule 4 during any session except by special order of the Senate and in transmitting the determination of the Senate thereon the Secretary shall in no instance furnish a list of the names of Senators voting in the affirmative or negative but only the fact of confirmation or rejection and the numerical
66
vote and the record of votes shall be sealed and transmitted to the Secretary of States office there to be placed on file
6 A majority of a quorum shall be necessary to confirm the nomination to any office made by the Governor and sent to the Senate for approval When nominations are made by the Governor for any office which require the assent and approval of the Senate in executive session after the Secretary shall read the name of the party nominated and the position to which he is appointed the President shall put to the Senate the following Shall the nomination of the Governor be confirmed by the Senate Those who favor the confirmation will as your names are called vote Aye those opposed vote No After the roll is called the President will announce the result of the ballot and declare the result as follows It appears from the vote that a majority of the Senators have voted to confirm the appointment made by the Governor the same is hereby confirmed by the Senate or A majority of the Senators have voted against the confirmation of the nomination made by the Governor it is therefore rejected by the Senate
7 No Senator will be at liberty at any time or under any circumstances to expose or publish anything transpiring in executive session except only such matters as are required to be disclosed under the rules It is the intent and meaning of this rule that the business transacted in executive session shall be sacred and free from exposure to the outside world and that every Senator shall be on his honor concerning the same
67
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN ASSEMBLED IN JOINT SESSION
1 The time of the meeting of the two houses in joint session shall be determined by the concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law
2 The elections shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
3 The votes are to be taken for but one election at the same time and a majority of the whole number of votes cast is necessary to a choice
4 The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet in joint session in the hall of the House of Representatives on the first Monday of every session at 10 oclock a m or at such time as may be fixed by joint resolution of both houses for the purpose of electing such officers of said State as are now or may hereafter be required to be elected by the General Assembly Said joint session shall continue in morning and afternoon sessions from day to day until all of said officers are elected
5 At the hour determined by the concurrent resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives
68
6 The President of the Senate shall preside and announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening the same He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may be taken from any of his decisions to the whole General Assembly
7 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate
8 In announcing a candidate the mover shall not make any commendatory or other remarks
9 After a person is nominated for any office in joint session of the General Assembly it shall not be in order to second such nomination and when the nomination is declared closed the President shall forthwith order the rollcall and each member when called shall rise in his seat and respond promptly announcing distinctly his choice for such office
10 In the elections by the General Assembly no member after having voted shall be allowed to change his vote unless he will rise and state in his place that he voted by mistake or that his vote has been recorded by mistake
11 No debate shall be in order except as to questions of order
12 No motion to adjourn shall be in order In lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in the form That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved or That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence of the former
69
13 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall always be in order except that after the call of the roll has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate
14 When a motion to dissolve the joint session shall be decided in the negative the same shall not again be in order until other business shall have intervened
15 When a motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or to a fixed time shall be decided in the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber
16 The majority of each house shall be necessary to constitute a quorum of the joint session
17 These rules may be amended by the concurrent resolution of the two houses and they or either of them shall cease to be in force when either house shall notify the other house of the withdrawal of its consent to the same
70
INDEX TO STANDING RULES OE
Senate of Georgia
ABSENTEES Rule No
Arrest of when100101
Call of Senate 101
Names recorded in Journal 99
Roll Call dispensed with when 98
Secretary duty as to Absentees 99
ADJOURN MOTION TO
Amendable not 47
Debatable not 47
Definite time debatable when 48
Definite time Amendable when 48
Division not in order during 50
Effect when motion prevails 51
Main Question Ordered not in order 5059
Precedence of 4649
Previous Question motion for sustained motion to adjourn in order 5059
Shall not be made second time when 47
When in order47495059
When not in order 5059
Yeas and Nays being called not in orderL 50
ADJOURNMENT
Constitutional time limit 113
Courtesy to President at 22
Effect when hour of arrives while Senate is acting under previous
question 5259
Effect when hour of arrives while vote is being taken by Yeas and
Nays 52
Hour of Fixed by Senate 113
ADVERSE REPORT
Bills and Resolutions adversely reported taken up when 38
Debate on 60
Effect of on bills 38
Second Reading after when 38
71
AMENDMENTS Rule No
Adjourn motion to not amendable 47
Adjourn to definite time amendable when 48
Applicable to Amendments 79
Amendments to Amendments not amendable 79
Bills and Resolutions amended by sections 7986
Bills and Resolutions perfected before substitute 80
Bills and Resolutions perfected before caption 85
Blanks must be filled in before 84
By Committee 118
Commit motion to amendable how 77
Committee Amendments take precedence 121
Committee shall not deface or interline bill but report amendments
on separate paper 118
Caption not considered until Bill perfected 85
Engrossment Effect of 37
General Appropriations Bill Senate may amend 129
General Tax Bill Senate may amend 129
Germane must be 123
House Amendments to S B 8991
House Amendments to S B may be amended 89
House Amendments to S B Priority of motion to amend 90
House Amendments to S B Priority of Questions on 91
House Amendments to S B Senate Amendment to not subject to
amendment 89
Priority of8388121123
Priority of to perfect part proposed to be stricken88123
Priority of on passage of bill 121
Precedence of motion to amend 46
Postpone indefinitely motion to not amendable 69
Postpone definitely amendable 73
Reconsideration of when 96
Report of by committee 118
Report of Committee agreed to amendments after 81
Requirements of motion to amend 82
Secretary duty of when amendments made to bill and resolutions by
sections 86
Secretary duty of in amending by inserting and striking out 87
Strike out motion to part to be stricken considered first 123
Section by 86
Table amendments motion to not in order 53
Table motion to lay on or take from not amendable 56
Ways of makingt 79
When too late 8186
When made bill being considered by sections 86
Writing motion to amend must be in 82
72
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION Rule No
Journal proposed recorded in 130
Yeas and Nays recorded on 130
Majority required 130
APPEALS
From Presidents decision 9
Member called to Order may appeal 15
No debate on appeals of personal character 8
Time of making 9
APPLAUSE
Prohibited in Galleries or Senate Chamber 26
APPROPRIATIONS
General Bill right of way 35
House must originate 129
Senate may amend appropriation bill 129
Yeas and Nays required 129
ATTENDANCE
Arrest of senators for nonattendance100101
Call of Senate 100
Messengers duty as to100101
Power to compel100101
President duty as to 100101
AUDITING COMMITTEE
Accounts of members duty as to 140
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Adverse Committee report on 38
Amendments to 79
Amendments to passed on before caption or preamble considered 85
Amendments Bill perfected first 80
Amendments to too late1 8186
Amendments by sections 86
Amendments to when too late bill being considered by sections 86
Amendments to by striking and inserting 87
Amendments by committees how reported 118
Bills perfected before substitutes 80
Caption not considered until bill perfected 85
Committee amendments take precedence 121
Committee amendments how reported 118
73
Rule No
Committee reports on precedence of 41
Committee Report on effect of disposal of 3839
Committee Report favorable effect of 3860
Committee Report unfavorable effect of 3860
Commit motion to467477
Commitment to Committees 37
Debate none on first reading 37
Deface or interline no committee shall 118
Disagreement to favorable committee report effect of 39
Engrossment effect of 37
Entries on to be made by secretary 37
Form 42
First Reading no debate 37
General Appropriations bill takes precedence 35
General bills not placed for passage out of order by unanimous
consent 40
General Tax Bill take precedence 35
Intermediate transmission to house 44
Local Bills effect of engrossment 131
Local Bills First and Second Reading 131
Local Bills third reading and placement for passage by unanimous
consent 40
Precedence of 35
President duty to commit 37
Printing of 43
Reading of by unanimous consent 40
Recommit motion to 78
Requirements of 42
Reported by committee bill may be amended before report agreed to 121
Reconsideration 9297
Reconsideration effect ofA 97
Second Reading after adverse committee report 38
Secretary duty of in amending by striking and inserting 87
Secretary state author and number of when reading 35
Secretary to call in order on calendar 35
Special committee motion to commit to 7475
Strike out motion to part to be stricken considered first 123
Unanimous consent for reading or consideration 40
Withdrawal of 38
Substitute Bill perfected beforew 80
CALL OF THE SENATE
Contempt on 12
When in order12101
When main question ordered 66
CAPTION
Not considered until bill perfected 85
74
CHANGE OF VOTES Rule No
How and when 126
COMMITTEES
Amendments by how reported 118
Amendments by takes precedence 121
Appointment of 4135
Appropriations exofficio members of 135
Bills not to be interlined or defaced by 118
Chairmen Appropriations and Finance exofficio members 135
Change after announcement HO
Commit to motion to 7478
Conference how and when constituted 120
Enlarged hows HO
Exofficio members of 135
Finance exofficio members of 135
President appoint 4135
President exofficio member of rules committee 135
Reports order of precedence 41
Recommit to motion to 8
Senators elected to fill vacancies committee assignments HO
Standing committees 135
COMMIT MOTION TO
Amended how 77
Applicable to what 74
Debate simple motion not debatable 76
Debate motion to commit with instructions debatable 76
Precedence among other motions 46
Precedence among motions to commit 75
Special Committee to 7475
Standing committee to takes precedence 75
Recommit motion to 78
CONTEMPT
By Outsiders H
By Senators12101
On Call of the Senate12101
CONVERSATION
Prohibited in Senate chamber 24
Presidents right to suppress 1
Senators refrain from when 17
75
DEBATE Rule No
Adjourn motion to not debatable 47
Adjourn to definite time motion to debatable 48
Adverse report debate on gg
Appeals from chair of personal character not debatable 8
Bill or resolution no debate on first reading 37
Breach of order in debate 15
Change order of business motion to not debatable 106
Commit motion to not debatable 7g
Commit with instructions motion to debatable 76
Committee matters reference to out of order in 23
Conduct of Senators in jg 21 22 23
Conversation reference to out of order in 23
Excuse from voting motion to not debatable 31
First reading of bill or resolution no debate 37
House happenings reference to out of order in 23
Incidental matters after motion for previous question sustained decided without debate 07
Interrogation of speakers thru president 21
Limitation of speeches jk
Minority report debate on g4
Nondebatable motion not in order when 32 122
Postpone definitely motion to debate limited 72
Postpone indefinitely motion to debatable 69
Previous Question motion for not debatable 59
Previous Question motion for decided affirmatively debate limited 6064 Previous Question motion for incidental questions decided without
debate g7
Priority of Business decided by President without debate 14
Reading of papers question of decided without debate 30
Roll Call no debate during 27
Suspend Rules motion to not debatable 106
Yeas and Nays motion for decided without debate 114
Yeas and Nays no debate during 27
DISPARAGING REMARKS
Prohibited on Nominations 25
DIVISION OF SENATE
After main question ordered gt
Call for 02
Excuse for voting motion to must be before 31
Senator may ask for 5 61
76
DIVISION OF QUESTION Rule No
Duty of member asking 34
Right to call for 33
What divisible 3334
ENGROSSMENT
Effect of 37
ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE
Clerks examine and approve 133
Clerks recommend removal of 133
EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN
Procedure for taking 16
EXECUTIVE SESSION
References to Special Rules
Cleared Senate Chamber cleared of all persons except senators secretary and assistant secretary 2
Journal message informing governor of action on nominees record
in regular journal 4
Journal separate journal for executive sessions 4
Journal secret 357
Governor informed of action on nominees by secretary 45
Nomination majority necessary to confirmj 6
Nomination how put 6
Nomination when considered 16
Nominees discussion of secret 357
Nominees secretary inform governor of action on 5
Proceedings kept in separate book from legislative proceedings 4
Proceedings kept secret 357
Procedure 26
Remarks of Senators kept secret 3
Secretary and assistant in senate during session 2
Secretary duty as to journal 45
Secretary inform governor of action on nominees 5
Secrecy required2357
Senate chamber cleared of all persons except senators secretary and
assistant secretary during session 2
Senators shall not disclose proceedings or happenings of session 37
Votes on nominations kept secret 5
Votes record of sealed and filed with Secretary of State 5
Votes result only announced 5
77
EXPLANATION OF VOTES Rule No
When and time allowed 29
EXPULSION OF MEMBERS
When and how 15
DOORKEEPER
Clear lobbies and galleries when 11
Messages duty in receiving 102
Suspension of R
GALLERIES
Applause or hisses prohibited in 26
President may clear H
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Minutes of joint sessions of kept in Senate Journal 134
GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS BILLS
Precedence of 35
Senate may amend only 129
GENERAL TAX BILL
Precedence of 35
Senate may amend only 129
GOVERNOR
Entitled to privileges of the Floor HI
HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT
Effect of arrival of 52 59
Effect of arrival of when Senate acting under previous question 5259
Effect of arrival of vote being taken by yeas and nays 52
Fixed by Senate H3
Provided H3
IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO THE HOUSE
Majority vote necessary for 44
Reconsideration of motion for 95
When ordered 44
78
JOINT SESSION
RULES OF GENERAL ASSEMBLY IN JOINT SESSION References to Special Rules
Adjourn motion to see motion to dissolve Rule No
Appeals from decisions of chair 6
Change of vote when allowed10
Commendatory remarks prohibited 8
Elections by 24910
Elections change of vote on 10
Elections majority for 3
Electionsonly one at time 3
Elections record of vote kept in House Journal 2
Elections vote how taken 239
Elections where held 2
Debate no debate except on points of order 11
Dissolve motion to not in order after roll call commenced 13
Dissolve motion to effect of when prevailing 15
Dissolve motion to and reconvene at definite time takes precedence 13
Dissolve motion to definite and indefinite 12
Dissolve motion to when in order 13
Dissolve motion to when lost in order again when 14
Journal of House contain record of vote on elections 2
Majority necessary for election 3
Nominations no commendatory remarks by member making 8
Nominations no second of in order 9
Nominations roll call on 9
Order points of debatable 11
Presiding Officer President of Senate 26
Presiding Officer duties of 6915
Place of meeting 25
Procedure 6
Quorum 16
Roll Call on elections 9
Roll Commenced motion to dissolve not in order 13
Rules how changed 17
Rules consent of both houses to necessary 17
Senate repair to Hall of House of Representatives 5
Senate return to Senate Chamber on dissolution 15
Sessions continue how long 413
Speaker of House sit at left of president of Senate 7
State officers election of 4
Time of meeting 14
Voting 239
Vote change of 10
79
JOURNAL Rule No
Absentees Contain names ofLl 99
Appropriations motion for yeas and nays recorded on 129
Committee on duty to read 112
Constitutional amendments recorded ini 130
Constitutional amendments yeas and nays recorded on 130
Constitution requires twothirds majority for passage of bill or resolution yeas and nays shall be recorded 130
General Assembly minutes kept in Senate 134
Oaths minutes of oaths kept in 133
Protest of Senators entry ini 20
Reconsideration of matters in 92
Senators not voting on yeas and nays names entered in 108
LAUDATORY REMARKS
Prohibitedit 25
LOCAL BILLS
Engrossment effect of 131
First and Second reading 131
Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent 40
MAIN QUESTION
Adjourn motion to not in order after main question ordered 5059
Call of Senate after ordered 66
Call of Senate after main question ordered 66
Debate time allowed for majority after main question ordered 60
Debate time allowed minority after main question ordered 64
Debate time allowed author after main question ordered646667
Division of Senate 61
Effect of when order5960646667
Reconsideration of ordering 63
Table motion to not in order after main question ordered 5859
Vote how taken when ordered 61
MAJORITY
Change rules or order of business necessary to45139
Election necessary for 128
MEMORIALS
Presentment and consideration 105
MINORITY REPORTS
Debate on 64
Minority may make reports how 124
80
MESSAGES
Rule No
Consideration of 103
How sent received announced and considered 102
Received from the Governor or House at any time 137
When Received103137
MESSENGER
Arrest senators power to on order of president100101
Clear galleries and lobbies when 11
Duty of on call of Senate 101
ExOfficio SergeantatArms 100
General duties116117
Suspension of 10
MOTIONS
Information for from executive department lie on table one day 125
Germane motion to amend must be 123
Nondebatable not in order when32122
One at time only 28
Order of business motion to change not debatable 106
Order of business motion to change vote necessary45139
Order of priority 46
Privilege question of take precedence 127
Reading by secretary effect of 104
Read papers motion to not debatable 30
Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 139
Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted 138
Seconding not required 109
Senator resume seat while motion is being put 28
Special Orders motion to make how submitted 36
Statement of by chair effect of 104
Strike out motion to part to be striken considered first 123
Unprivileged containing new matter lie on table one day 107
Withdrawal of 104
NEW MATTERS
Information from executive department motion for lie on table one
day 125
Unprivileged motion containing lie on table one day 107
Unanimous consesnt for 40
NOMINATIONS
Disparaging remarks prohibited in 25
Laudatory Remarks prohibited inH 25
81
OATHS
Rule No
Assistant Secretary 132
ClerksI 133
Entered in Journal 133
Secretarys 132
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Established 136
Majority necessary to change order fixed by rules committee 45
Majority necessary to change order 139
Motion to change not debatable 106
Priority of decided by president without debate 14
Rules committee fix during last fifteen days of session 45
Special orders motion for how submitted 36
PAIRING
Not recognized 119
PARLIAMENTARY LAW
Applicable when 141
PETITIONS
Presentment and consideration 105
PREAMBLE
Not considered until bill or resolution perfected 85
POSTPONE TO DEFINITE DAY MOTION TO
Applicable to what 73
Amendments subject to 73
Debate limited 72
Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 73
Precedence of 4670
Renewal when lost cannot be made again the same day 72
POSTPONE INDEFINITELY MOTION TO
Applicable to what 70
Amendments not subject to 69
Debate subject to 69
Effect when motion prevails 68
Impossible motion to postpone to impossible day treated how 73
Precedence of 4670
Renewal when lost motion cannot be again made on same matter 71
82
PRESIDENT Rule No
Absence of president pro tem preside 7
Adjournment Senators remain until president retires 22
Appeals from decisions of8915
Arrest president may order of persons disturbing senate 11
Arrest Senators power to order when absent100101
Attendance power to compel100101
Business priority of decided by 14
Call of Senate power and duty on1213101
Committees appointed by 4135
Commitment of bills and resolutions on first reading 37
Courtesy due by Senators to at adjournment 22
Conference Committee appointed by 120
Division may order 5
Galleries power to clear 11
Interrogation of senator thru 21
Irrevelant debate power to suspend 1
Lobbies power to clear 11
Method of stating question 5
Messages duty on receiving 1Q3
No quorum voting duty of president 1213
Recognition of Senators decided by 3
Rules committee exofficio chairman of 135
Signs all writs warrants etc of Senate 115
Silence power to command 1
Senator may name to preside 6
Senator may call to order for breach of rules 15
Senators elected after committees appointed president may appoint
to committees 110
Standing Committees appointment of 135
Suspension of officers by 10
Vote president required to when 2
Vacant chairmanships power to fill 110
PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE
Absence of president and president pro tempore secretary shall call
election of president pro tempore 7
Duties of 7
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Adjournment effect of arrival of hour of Senate acting under 52
Adjourn motion to after motion for previous question sustained 5059
Affirmative vote on effect of59606467
Applicable to what 65
Call of Senate after previous question ordered 66
83
Rule No
Debate regulated previous question decided affirmatively 6064
Debate motion for not subject to 59
Exhausted before matters excepted to decided 16
Incidental questions arising after previous question ordered decided
without debate 67
Precedence of motion for 4659
Reconsideration 63
Table motion to after motion for previous question sustained 5859
PRIVILEGE
Motion without to lie on table 107
Personal 127
Question of what constitute 127
Questions of take precedence 127
PRIVILEGE OF THE FLOOR
When extended to visitors 111
Who entitled to 111
PRINTING OF BILLS
When ordered 43
PROTESTS OF SENATORS
Procedine for 20
QUORUM
Call of Senate no quorum voting 101
No quorum voting duty of president1213101
No quorum voting president may order yeas and nays 13
READING OF PAPERS
Determined by Senate 30
RECOMMIT MOTION TO
Applicable to what 78
RECONSIDERATION
Amendments of 96
Applicable to what 92
Committee Reports of action on 39
Effect ofi 6397
Immediate transmission motion for reconsidered when 95
84
Rule No
Intervening days effect of 95
Main question ordering of may be reconsidered 63
Main question ordering of may be reconsidered only once 63
Notice required 93
One time no matter reconsidered but 94
Previous question reconsideration of 63
When and how asked 92 95
When motion for is in order 92
REMONSTRANCES
Presentment and Consideration 105
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
Amendments after agreement to gj
Disagreement to effect of 39
Favorable report effect of 33
Form of 124
Minority reports 124
Procedure after 3S 39
Precedence of 41
Reconsideration of action on 39
Unfavorable report 33
Writing must be in 124
RULES
Change proposal to must be submitted in writing and referred to
Rules committee 138
Majority necessary to change 139
Special orders motion to make how submitted 36
Suspend motion to not debatable 109
Suspended how106138136
RULES COMMITTEE
Change in rules all proposals for submitted to 138
Order of business for last fifteen days fixed by45
Report of in order at any time I37
Special orders must be reported on by 36
SECRETARY
Absence of president and president pro tern call election for presi
dent pro tern 7
Absentees note name of 99
Amending bills by sections duty of in 86
85
Rule No
Amending bills by striking and inserting duty of in 87
Attest all writs warrants etc of Senate 115
Bills and Resolutions called in order by from calendar 35
Bills and Resolutions Engrossed Entries on to be made by 37
Bills and Resolutions state number and author of in calling 35
Bond of 132
Clerks appointment of 133
General assembly joint session keep minutes of 134
Journal duty to enter names of Senators not voting on yeas and nays 108
Oath 132
SENATORS
Adjournment duty of at 22
Accounts of duty of auditing committee as to 140
Applause prohibited 26
Arrest power of president to order100101
Attendance power of president to compel100101
Call of Senate may ask 101
Called to order for transgression of rules 15
Committee assignments when elected after organization of Senate
completed 110
Conduct in debate15171821232632
Comtempt of the Senate 12
Conversation refrain from 17
Courtesy owed Senator speaking 22
Debate how often speak 15
Debate reference to private conversations committee or house
happenings prohibited in 23
Decorum of1517192126
Division of Question may ask for 33
Division of Question duty of Senator asking for 34
Division of Senate may ask for 561
Disparaging Remarks prohibited 25
Exceptions to words spoken 16
Expulsion of 15
Interrogation of thru president 21
Laudatory remarks prohibited 26
Messenger duty of to 117
Motion make only one at time 28
Motion must resume seat while motion being put 28
Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when32122
Not voting names of entered in Journal 108
Pairing of not recognized 119
Personal Privilege 127
86
Rule No
Preside president may designate Senators to 6
Protest of Senate action by 20
Reading of Papers call for 30
Recognition order of decided by president 3
Retire when required to 19
Retire not allowed to when12100
Senators refer to Senators by districts and not by name 18
Special Orders request for 36
Stationery messenger shall supply 117
Unanimous consent right to ask for 40
Vote changing how and when 126
Vote Explanation of 29
Vote refusal to on call of Senate 12
Vote shall not when interested 19
Voting motion to excuse from 31
Yeas and Nays call for 61
SERGEANTATARMS
Duty of on Call of the Senate 101
Messenger exofficio 100
SIGNATURE OF PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY
When required 115
SILENCE
Senators preserve 17
SMOKING
Prohibited 24
SPECIAL COMMITTEE
Priority of Motion to commit to 7475
SPECIAL ORDER
How obtained 36
SUBSTITUTE
Bill perfected before 80
Table motion to not in order 53
SUSPENSION OF RULES
How accomplished106138139
87
TABLE MOTION TO Rule No
Amendment motion to table not in order 53
Amendment motion to table or take from table not subject to 56
Applicable to what 57
Debate motion to table or take from table not subject to 56
Effect when motion to take from table prevails 54
Information from executive department motion for lie on table one
day 125
Motion to take from table in order when 5455
Main Question ordered motion to table not in order 5859
Precedence of 46
Previous question motion for sustained motion to table in order 5859
Renewal of motion to table or take from table 55
Substitute not subject to 53
Unprivileged motion containing new matter lie on table one day 107
When in order motion to table and take from table 5558
TWOTHIRDS VOTE WHEN NECESSARY
Constitution Amendment 130
Expulsion of Senators 15
Yeas and Nays recorded when constitution requires 130
UNANIMOUS CONSENT
Explanation of vote by 29
Limitation and regulation of 40
Local bills considered by when 40
New matters consideration by 40
No request to extend time of explanation shall be entertained 29
YEAS AND NAYS
Adjournment effect of arrival of hour of while vote being taken by 52
Adjourn motion to not in order during call of 50
Appropriations record of required on all 129
Call for after main question ordered 61
Change vote after call of 126
Constitution requiring twothird vote for passage of bill yeas and
nays shall be recorded 130
Constitution amendment to required and recorded on 130
Debate no debate during call of 27
Debate motion or call for not debatablet 114
Explanation of vote when vote taken by 29
Excuse from voting motion to must be made before start of 31
Expulsion of Senator vote by 15
Journal show when 61129130
Journal show names of Senators not voting on 108
President may order no quorum voting 1213
Required when61129130
88
OFFICERS
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1941 AND 1942
RANDALL EVANS JR of McDuffieSpeaker
FRED HAND of MitchellSpeaker Pro Tem
JOE OONE of Wilkinson Clerk
GEORGE H SAMMONS of Glascock Chief Asst Clerk WOODROW W TUCKER of HabershamMessenger
M D TOMS of Quitman
Doorkeeper
MEMBERS
OF THE
GEORGIA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED ACCORDING TO NAMES WITH COUNTIES AND POSTOFFICES
FOR THE TERM 19411942
Name
County PostOffice
Adams Wallace
Aiken H Sb
Allison Marvin A
Anderson J M
Anglin Byron
Ansley O O
Arnall H C
Atkinson David S
Aultman W D
Barber Leo T
Barlow John T
Bates W B
Bennett J C
Bentley J Linwood
Blackshear Joseph
Blease W R
Bloodworth Luther U
Bowen Eldon L
Boone A S Jr
Bradbury M Jarrett
Branch Geo W
Bridges J O
Brinson Moses E
Brooks J E
Brooks George B
Bruce Charles H
Bynum T L
Caldwell H W
Callaway T G Jr
Campbell Robert
Wheeler Glenwood
Bulloch Statesboro
Gwinnett Lawrenceville
Wayne Jesup
Stewart Lumpkin
Lee Smithville
Coweta Newnan
Chatham Savannah
Peach Byron
Colquitt Moultrie
Colquitt Hartsfield
Ware Waycross
Jeff Davis Hazelhurst
Upson Thomaston
Hah Gainesville
Brooks Barney
Bibb Macon
Pierce Blackshear
Wilkinson Irwinton
Oconee Bogart
Tift Tifton
Early Blakely
Chattooga Summerville
Mitchell Camilla
Oglethorpe Lexington
Troup West Point
Rabun Clayton
Troup LaGrange
Newton Covington
Polk Cedartown
90
Name
County
PostOffice
Candler Murphey JrDeKalb
Chastain R EThomas
Clements JeromeMCalhoun
Connell T GuyLowndes
Cowart J GLowndes
Culpepper J WFayette
Curry J MRandolph
Dallis Render Troup
Dalton E MBanks
Daves Dr V CDooly
Davis J BCoweta
Deal Dr D LBulloch
Dean Wm T Rockdale
Dorsey JohnTCobb
Drake John LSeminole
Drinkard JohnPLincoln
Dunaway John ADeKalb
Dunn C MLamar
Dupree J DPulaski
Dyal J EAppling
Easler MillardCrawford
Edwards J WTaylor
Elliott J RobertMuscogee
Ennis J HBaldwin
Ennis MarionBaldwin
Etheridge Paul S JrFulton
Ferguson R WCamden
Ferguson JohnSumter
Ford E JWorth
Forrester ElbertDade
Foster W A JrPaulding
Foster OsbornTowns
Fowler AlphaDouglas
Fuller T FToombs
Gaston J AvonButts
Gavin ChesterClay
Gill L CBryan
Gillis Hugh Treutlen
Goddard John H Spalding
Goolsby R C SrMonroe
Gowen CharlesKGlynn
Graham L W Brooks
Gray W W Houston
Grayson Spence MChatham
Decatur
Thomas ville
Morgan
Valdosta
Valdosta
Fayetteville
Shellman
LaGrange
Alto
Vienna
Newnan
Statesboro
Conyers
Marietta
Donalsonville
Lincolnton
Atlanta
Barnesville
Hawkins ville
Baxley
Roberta
Butler
Columbus
Milledgeville
Milledgeville
Atlanta
Kingsland
DeSoto
Sylvester
Trenton
Dallas
Hiawassee
Douglasville
Lyons
Jackson
Fort Gaines
Ways
Soperton
Griffin
Forsyth
Brunswick
Barney
Unadilla
Savannah
91
Name
County
PostOffice
Greene A M
Grice Benning M
Griffin W H
Gross Frank C
Guerry Mrs John B
Hagan Elliott
Hand Fred
Harden C Z
Hardman H 0
Hardy C E
Harris Roy V
Harrison Walter
Hart A B
Hartness Cecil G
Hatchett J Frank
Heard Robert M
Herrin W H Jr
Hicks M G
Hogg J P
Holtzendorf C A
Hooks V H
Horne Wendell
Howard T L
Hunnicutt Dupree Jr
Inglis J P
Ingram Royston
Jackson R O
Johnson E F
Johnson W F
Joiner Mallie
Jones W Harley
Jones E L
Jones W H H
Jones C S
Kaigler G O
Kea Dawson
Kelley E H
Kendrick W C
Kennedy J Cliff
Key W H
Lester W M
Lewis Ralph
Livingston Dr D M
Jones Gray
Bibb Macon
Wilkes Washington
Stephens Toccoa
Macon Montezuma
Screven Sylvania
Mitchell Pelham
Turner Ashburn
Madison Colbert
Jackson Jefferson
Richmond Augusta
Jenkins Milieu
Thomas Thomasville R F D
Fannin Mineral Bluff
Meriwether Manchester
Elbert Elberton
Echols Howell
Floyd Rome
Marion Buena Vista
Ben Hill Fitzgerald
Emanuel Swainsboro
Crisp Cor dele
Long Ludowici
Clarke Athens
Habersham Clarkesville
Forsyth Cumming
Henry McDonough
Chattahoochee Cusseta
Pike Williamson
Cook Adel
Brantley Waynesville
Dodge Eastman
Richmond Augusta
Worth Sylvester
Quitman Georgetown
Laurens Dublin
Walker StElmoTenn
Fulton Atlanta
Tattnall Reidsville
Jasper Monticello
Richmond Augusta
Burke Midville
Polk Cedartown
92
Name
County
PostOffice
Looper M RDawson
Lovett W HerschelLaurens
Maddox JohnFloyd
Mankin Helen DouglasFulton
Mann W GordonWhitfield
Martin PaulBartow
Mason C RMorgan
Maund J BTalbot
Mavity John LWalker
Maxwell HuntMuscogee
McClure W ACatoosa
McCracken J RoyJefferson
McIntosh F AMcIntosh
McEntire C DFranklin
McNall Frank AChatham
Miller T ELanier
Mills E MDecatur
Mims J BushMiller
Mixon Oliver KIrwin
Moate MarvinHancock
Moore G HLumpkin
Moore W RTahaferro
Moss C LGordon
Musgrove W OBaker
Pannell Charles AMurray
Parker C EWalton
Pettit S LukeBartow
Phillips Glen SColumbia
Pickett Roscoe JrPickens
Pilcher CrawfordWarren
Pinkston Lucius GTerrell
Pittman Perry LBerrien
Price L Olin JrClarke
Rees ClevelandWebster
Reiser J W Effingham
Rich C EUnion
Richardson JohnHart
Roberts Glenn R Gwinnett
Roberts OrrinWalton
Rogers JackFloyd
Rossee P CPutnam
Roughton W HarveyWashington
Rowland Emory LJohnson
Russell E L White
Dawsonville Dublin Rome Atlanta Dalton Adairs ville Madison Talbotton Ross ville Columbus Ringgold Louisville Eulonia Carnesville Savannah Lakeland Bainbridge Colquitt Ocilla Sparta Dahlonega Sharon Calhoun Newton Chatsworth Monroe Cartersville Harlem Tate
Warrenton
Parrott
Ray City
Athens
Preston
Clyo
Blairsville
Hartwell
Lawrence ville
Monroe
Rome
Eatonton
Sandersville
Wrightsville
Cleveland
93
Name
County
PostOffice
Sabados George L
Shannon James D
Sheppard Olin
Sihs F H
Simmons J M
Smiley C J
Smith C E Jr
Smith E O
Smith H B
Smith J O
Smith Willis
Smitha W O
Southwell J B
Strickland W O
Suggs Julian Sr
Swint Albert G
Taft C O
Tappan Fred Jr
Thigpen John
Thompson G C
Turner Mell1
Vickers Mica j ah
Walker W A Sr
Warnock J T
Weaver A H S
Wells Frank
Wehs W Wi
Wehs T J
Welsch Sam
Wetherbee Ernest
Whipple L A
Wilbanks Fred
Wilhams C A
Wilhams W W
Wilhams H Odeh
Wilhams Jack
Willoughby Ben T
Witherington Dr J F Wohlwender Edward
Woods Alonzo H
Wren C R
Wright E M
Yawn E E
DoughertyAlbany
TwiggsJ ef f ersonvihe
HeardFranklin
CandlerMetter
DecaturBainbridge
Liberty Walthourville
HahGainesville
WashingtonDavisboro
BarrowWinder
SchleyEhavihe
CarrollCarrohton
CarrohBowdon
CharltonFolkston
Haralson Buchanan
SumterAmericus
SpaldingGriffin
Atkinson Kirkland
GreeneWhite Plains
EvansClaxton
Meriwether Manchester
DeKalbDecatur
Cof f eeDouglas
GradyCairo
MontgomeryTarry town
BibbMacon
BurkeMidvihe
ClaytonJonesboro
TelfairMilan
Cobb Marietta
DoughertyAlbany
Bleckley Cochran
CherokeeCanton
BaconAlma
HarrisHamilton
J acksonCommerce
WareWaycross
Clinch Homervihe
WilcoxPineview
MuscogeeColumbus
Emanuel Swainsboro
Glascock Gibson
GilmerEhijay
DodgeEastman
94
MEMBERS
OF THE
GEORGIA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
BY COUNTIES AND POSTOFFICES FOR THE TERM 19411942
County
Representative
Post Office
Appling
Atkinson
Bacon
Baker
Baldwin
Baldwin
Banks
Barrow
Bartow
Bartow
Ben Hill
Berrien
Bibb
Bibb
Bibb
Bleckley
Brantley
Brooks
Brooks
Bryan
Bulloch
Bulloch
Burke
Burke
Butts
Calhoun
Camden
Candler
Carroll
Carroll
Catoosa
Charlton
Chatham
Chatham
Chatham
Chattahoochee
Chattooga
Cherokee
Clarke
Clarke
Clay
J E Dyal
C O Taft
C A Williams
W O Musgrove
Marion Ennis
J H Ennis
E M Dalton
H B Smith
S Luke Pettit
Paul Martin
0 A Holtzendorf
Perry L Pittman
Luther U Bloodworth
BenningM Grice
A H S Weaver
L A Whipple
W Harley Jones
W R Blease
L W Graham
L C Gih
H S Aiken
Dr D L Deal
Ralph Lewis
Frank Wells
J Avon Gaston
Jerome M Clements
R W Ferguson
F H Sillsv
Willis Smith
W O Smitha
W A McClure
J B SouthweU
Spence M Grayson
Frank A McNall
David S Atkinson
E F Johnson
Moses E Brinson
Fred Wilbanks
Dupree Hunnicutt Jr
L Olin Price Jr
Chester Gavin
Baxley
Kirkland
Alma
Newton
Mihedgeville
Milledgeville
Alto
Winder
Carters vine
Adairsville
Fitzgerald
Ray City
Macon
Macon
Macon
Cochran
WaynesviUe
Barney
Barney
Ways
Statesboro Statesboro Waynesboro Midvine Jackson Morgan Kingsland Metter Carrollton Bowdon Ringgold Folkston Savannah Savannah Savannah Cussetta Summerville Canton Athens Athens Fort Gaines
95

County
Representative
Post Office
Clayton W W WellsJonesboro
Clinch1Ben T WilloughbyHomerville
CobbJohn T DorseyMarietta
CobbSam WelschMarietta
Coffee Micajah VickersDouglas
ColquittLeo T BarberMoultrie
ColquittJohn T BarlowHartsfield
ColumbiaGlen S PhillipsHarlem
Cook Mallie Joiiier Adel
Coweta H C Arnall Newnan
CowetaJ B DavisNewnan
CrawfordIMillard EasierRoberta
CrispWendell HorneCordele
DadeElbert ForresterTrenton
Dawson M R LooperDawsonville
Decatur E M Mills Bainbridge
DecaturJ M Simmons Bainbridge
DeKalbMell Turner Decatur
DeKalbMurphey Candler JrDecatur ft i3
DeKalb John A DunawayAtlanta i oQ
Dodge E E YawnEastman
DodgeE L JonesEastman
DoolyDr V O DavesVienna
DoughertyGeorge L SabadosAlbany
DoughertyEviiest WetherbeeAlbany
DouglasAlpha FowlerDouglasville
EarlyJ O BridgesBlakely
EcholsW H Herrin JrHowell
EffinghamJ W ReiserClyo
Elbert Robert M HeardElberton
EmanuelV H Hooks Swainsboro
EmanuelAlonzo H WoodsSwainsboro
EvansIllJohn ThigpenClaxton
FanninCecil G HartnessMineral Bluff
FayetteJ W Culpepper Fayetteville
FloydM G HicksRome
Floyd Jack Rogers Rome
EloydJohn MaddoxRome
ForsythRoyston IngramCumming
FranklinC D McEntireCarnesviUe
Fulton W C KendrickAtlanta
FultonCkiHelen Douglas MankinAtlantaLov V s W
Fulton Paul S Etheridge JrAtlantac i 5 8
Gilmer 11E M WrightEllijay
GlascockC R WrenGibson
Glynn Charles GowenBrunswick
Gordon 0 L MossCalhoun
GradyW A Walker SrCairo
GreeneFred Tappan JrWhite Plains
GwinnettMarvin A AllisonLawrenceville
GwinnettGlenn R Roberts Lawrenceville
HabershamJ P InglisClarkesville
Hall Joseph BlackshearGainesville
HallIC E Smith Jr Gainesville
Hancock Marvin MoateSparta

si
96
0 V

ac
jp
County
Representative
Post Office
Haralson
Harris
Hart
Heard
Henry
Houston
Irwin
Jackson
Jackson
Jasper
Jeff Davis Jefferson Jenkins
Johnson
Jones
Lamar
Lanier
Laurens
Laurens
Lee
Liberty
Lincoln
Long
Lowndes
Lowndes
Lumpkin
Macon
Madison
Marion
McDuffie
McIntosh
Meriwether
Meriwether
Miller
Mitchell
Mitchell
Monroe
Montgomery
Morgan
Murray
Muscogee
Muscogee
Muscogee
Newton
Oconee
Oglethorpe
Paulding
Peach
Pickens
Pierce
Pike
Polk
Polk
Pulaski
Putnam
W O Strickland
W Williams
John Richardson
Olin Sheppard
R O Jackson
W W Gray
Oliver K Mixon
H Odell Williams
O E Hardy
W H Key
J C Bennett
J Roy McCracken
Walter Harrison
Emory L Rowland
A M Greene
O M Dunn
T E Miller
W Herschel Lovett
Dawson Kea
O O Ansley
O J Smiley
John P Drinkard
T L Howard
Guy Connell
J G Cowart
G H Moore
Mrs John B Guerry
H C Hardman
J P Hogg
Randall Evans Jr
F A McIntosh
G C Thompson
J Frank Hatchett
J Bush Mims
J E Brooks
Fred Hand
R C Goolsby Sr
J T Warnoclc
0 R Mason
Charles A Pannell
J Robert Elliott
Edward Wohlwender
Hunt Maxwell
T G Callaway Jr
M Jarrett Bradbury
George B Brooks
W A Foster Jr
W D Aultman
Roscoe Pickett Jr
Eldon L Bowen
W F Johnson
Robert Campbell
Dr D M Livingston
J D Dupree
P C Rossee
Buchanan
Hamilton
Hartwell
Franklin
McDonough
Unadilla
Ocilla
Commerce
Jefferson
Monticello
Hazelhurst
Louisville
Millen
WrightSville
Gray
Barnesville
Lakeland
Dublin
Dublin
Smithville
Walthourville
Lincolnton
Ludowici
Valdosta
Valdosta
Dahlonega
Montezuma
Colbert
Buena Vista
Thomson
Eulonia
Manchester
Manchester
Colquitt
Camilla
Pelham
Forsyth
Tarry town
Madison
Chatsworth
Columbus
Columbus
Columbus
Covington
Bogart
Lexington
Dallas
Byron
Tate
Blackshear
Williamson
Cedartown
Cedartown
Hawkins ville
Eatonton
97
County
Representative
Post Office
Quitman
Rabun
Randolph Richmond Richmond Richmond
Rockdale
Schley
Screven
Seminole
Spalding
Spalding
Stephens
Stewart
Sumter
Sumter
Talbot
Taliaferro
Tattnall
Taylor
Telfair
Terrell
Thomas
Thomas
Tift
Toombs
Towns
Treutlen
Troup
Troup
Troup
Turner
Twiggs
Union
Upson
Walker
Walker
Walton
Walton
Ware
Ware
Warren
Washington
Washington
Wayne
Webster
Wheeler
White
Whitfield
Wilcox
Wilkes
Wilkinson
Worth
Worth
G O Kaigler
T L Bynum
J M Curry
Roy V Harris
W H H Jones
W M Lester
Wm T Dean
J O Smith
Elliott Hagan
John L Drake
John H Goddard
Albert G Swint
Frank C Gross
Byron Anglin
John Ferguson
Julian Suggs Sr
J B Maund
W R Moore
J Cliff Kennedy
J W Edwards
T J Wells
Lucius G Pinkston
R E Chastain
A B Hart
Geo W Branch
T F Fuller
Osborn Foster
Hugh Gillis
H W Caldwell
Render Dallis
Charles H Bruce
0 Z Harden
James D Shannon
0 E Rich
J Linwood Bentley
E H Kelly
John L Mavity
C E Parker
Orrin Roberts
Jack Williams
W B Bates
Crawford Pilcher
E C Smith
W Harvey Roughton
J M Anderson
Cleveland Rees
Wallace Adams
E L Russell
W Gordon Mann
Dr J F Witherington
W H Griffin
A S Boone Jr
E J Ford
C S Jones
Georgetown Clayton Shellman Augusta Augusta Augusta Conyers Ella ville Syl vania Donalson ville Griffin Griffin Toccoa Lumpkin DeSoto Americus Talbotton Sharon Reids ville Butler Milan Parrott Thomasville ThomasvleRFD Tifton Lyons Hiawassee Soperton LaGrange LaGrange West Point Ashburn Jeffersonville Blairsville ThomastonRFD St Elmo Tenn Ross ville Monroe Monroe Waycross Waycross Warrenton Davisboro Sandersville rJesup Preston Glen wood Cleveland Dalton Pineview Washington Irwinton Sylvester Sylvester
98
STANDING COMMITTEES
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
1941 1942
ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND
Mixon of Irwin Chairman Johnson of Chatta
Grice of Bibb ViceChairman hoochee
Hardman of Madison Joiner
Secretary Kaigler
Ansley McCracken
Bentley Moore of Taliaferro
Bloodworth Pilcher
Clements Rossee
Ennis Marion Swint
Graham Weaver
Greene Welsch
Gross Williams of Harris
Harris Williams of Jackson
Horne Williams of Ware
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION
NUMBER ONE
Sab ados of Dougherty Connell
Chairman Culpepper
Bynum of Rabun Dallis
ViceChairman Davis
Brinson of Chattooga Dorsey
Secretary Dyal
Aiken Edwards
Atkinson Elliott
Aultman Ferguson of Camden
Barlow Ford
Bennett Forrester
Bentley Gill
Blackshear Goddard
Blease Gray
Bloodworth Harden
Bridges Hand
Bruce Howard
Callaway Hunnicutt
Candler Kea
100
Lester Smith of Hall
Lewis Lovett
Mankin Taft
Mann Thompson
Mills Weaver
Mims Wells of Clayton
Parker Williams of Bacon
Pickett Wohlwender
Sills Wren
Smith of Carroll
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION
NUMBER TWO
Dorsey of Cobb Chairman Jones of Dodge
Jackson of Henry Kendrick
ViceChairman Looper
Bradbury of Oconee Mason
Secretary Maxwell
Adams Mills
Anderson Moss
Bennett Price
Brooks of Oglethorpe Rees
Drake Roberts of Gwinnett
Etheridge Tappan
Gowen Wells of Telfair
Grice Wetherbee
Heard Wilbanks
Johnson of Chatta Williams of Ware
hoochee Willoughby
APPROPRIATIONS
Elliott of Muscogee Barlow
Chairman Bentley
Bloodworth of Bibb Blease
ViceChairman Boone
Dupree of Pulaski Bowen
Secretary Callaway
101
Chastain Jones of Dodge
Connell Kea
Culpepper Lovett
Dunn Mann
Edwards Moss
Ferguson of Sumter Panned
Forrester of Dade Rogers
Fuller of Toombs Roughton
Gaston Shannon
Gill Sills
Goddard Smith
Greene Strickland
Guerry Taft
Hagan Thompson
Hand of Mitchell Vickers
Harden Witherington
AUDITING
Chastain of Thomas Holtzendor
Chairman Hooks
Ferguson of Sumter Johnson of Pike
ViceChairman Key of Jasper
Easler of Crawford Maund
Secretary Mavity
Adams Mims
Ansley Moore of Lumpkin
Campbell Panned
Drake Pilcher
Drinkard Smitha
Ford Southwell
Fuller Swint
Goddard Weds of Clayton
AVIATION
Pickett of Pickens Hart of Thomas Secretary
Chairman Bentley
Harrison of Jenkins Bradbury
ViceChairman Callaway
102
Cowart
Curry
Dunaway
Easier
Etheridge
Ferguson of Camden
Ferguson of Sumter
Foster of Towns
Gowen
Hagan
Heard
Horne
Johnson of Chattahoochee
Kelley
Kendrick
Livingston
Looper
McNall
Pettit
Smith of Washington
Turner
Welsch
Wilbanks
Williams of Jackson Wright
BANKS AND BANKING
Holtzendorf of Ben Hill Chairman
Brooks of Mitchell
ViceChairman Dyal of Appling Secretary Atkinson Barber Bloodworth Bridges Candler Chastain Culpepper Curry Dallis
Edwards
Etheridge
Ingram
Kennedy
Lovett
Maddox
Mavity
Rees
Strickland
Tappan
Weaver
Welsch
Williams of Jackson Wren
COMMERCE
Weaver of Bibb Chairman Bradbury
Moss of Gordon Branch
ViceChairman Candler
Adams of Wheeler Secretary Phillips
Aultman Clements
Bates Curry
103
Daves Mason
Edwards McClure
Ennis J H Miller
Ennis Marion Pilcher
Foster of Paulding Rees
Gavin Rossee
Goolsby Sabados
Grice Smith of Schley
Gross Vickers
Hardy Williams of Bacon
J ackson Williams of Ware
Johnson of Pike Woods
Maddox Yawn
CONSERVATION
vard of Long Chairman Drinkard
es of Ware Dunn
ViceChairman Evans
es of Brantley Secretary Ferguson of Sumter
Anderson Forrester
Barber Foster of Towns
Barlow Fowler
Bennett Gaston
Bloodworth Gill
Boone Gillis
Bowen Goddard
Bradbury Gowen
Branch Gray
Bridges Guerry
Bruce Hardy
Campbell Hicks
Chastain Hogg
Curry Ingram
Dallis Jones of Dodge
Davis Key
Deal Lewis
Dean Mann
104
Mason
McEntire
McIntosh
McNall
Mills
Mims
Moore of Lumpkin
Moss
Pannell
Pittman
Rossee
Smiley
Smith of Barrow
Smith of Washington
Smitha
Swint
Taft
Turner
Wells of Burke Williams of Jackson Witherington Wood
CORPORATIONS
Connell of Lowndes Chairman Hicks of Floyd
ViceChairman Fuller of Toombs Secretary Aiken
Brooks of Mitchell
Bynum
Cowart
Dallis
Dean
Dunaway
Forrester
Gowen
Grice
Hartness
Hatchett
Heard
Inglis
Joiner
Jones of Richmond
Kelley
Kendrick
Mankin
McNall
Mims
Pickett
Rich
Rogers
Rowland
Smith of Carroll
Warnock
Weaver
COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS
Chastain of Thomas Chairman Gaston of Butts
ViceChairman
Willoughby of Clinch Secretary Aiken Allison
Anderson
Anglin
Aultman
Barber
Bloodworth
Bridges
Brooks of Oglethorpe
Candler
Curry
Dallis
Dalton
Dyal
Easier
Edwards of Taylor Foster of Towns Foster of Paulding Fuller Gill
Goddard
Goolsby
Gowen
Gray
Grice
Griffin
Harden
Hardman
Hardy
Herrin
Hogg
Holtzendorf
Hooks
Johnson of Pike Jones of Dodge Kaigler Kea
Looper
Maddox
Mankin
Mann
Martin
Mason
Mavity
McIntosh
McEntire
Mims
Moate
Moore of Lumpkin
Panned
Pettit
Rees
Rich
Richardson
Rowland
Sabados
Sheppard
Sills
Smiley
Smith of Barrow
Smith of Hall
Smith of Schley
Taft
Turner
Warnock
Weaver
Wells of Clayton
Williams of Jackson
Witherington
Wright
Wohlwender
Yawn
106
DRAINAGE
Martin of Bartow Chairman Atkinson of Chatham ViceChairman McIntosh of McIntosh Secretary Bruce Phillips Drake Drinkard Edwards Ennis Marion Grice
Gross
Harden
Harris
Inglis
Joiner
McCracken
Mills
Pannell
Pilcher
Roberts of Walton Smith of Schley
EDUCATION NUMBER ONE
Hatchett of Meriwether Chairman
Shannon of Twiggs
ViceChairman Dalton of Banks Secretary Adams Anglin Atkinson Barlow Bates Branch Bridges Bynum Caldwell Callaway Campbell Chastain Clements Deal Dorsey Dunn
Dupree
Ford
Gaston
Goddard
Graham
Greene
Griffin
Guerry
Hooks
Howard
Hunnicutt
Inglis
J ackson
Jones of Worth
Kea
Key
Martin
Musgrove
Parker
Pittman
Price
Roberts of Gwinnett
107
Rowland Wells of Burke
Sheppard Wells of Clayton
Sills Wetherbee
Strickland Whipple
Swint Williams of Bacon
Taft Witherington
Thompson
EDUCATION NUMBER TWO
uden of Turner Chairman Hardy
raA of Carroll Hartness
ViceChairman Herrin
T of Atkinson Secretary Holtzendorf
Aiken Jones of Dodge
Allison Jones of Worth
Aultman Kea
Barber Kelley
Bennett Lewis
Bentley Livingston
Brooks of Oglethorpe Looper
Connell Mankin
Dean Mann
Dyal Mason
Easier McNall
Etheridge Mims
Ferguson of Sumter Moate
Forrester Rich
Foster of Paulding Richardson
Foster of Towns Roughton
Fowler Russell
Fuller Smiley
Gill Southwell
Gillis Suggs
Goddard Vickers
Gowen Williams of Jackson
Gray Williams of Harris
Hagan Williams of Ware
Hardman
108
Willoughby
Wood
Yawn
ENGROSSING
Mills of Decatur Hart
Chairman Johnson of Pike
Brooks of Oglethorpe Jones of Richmond
ViceChairman Lewis
Yawn of Dodge Secretary Mann
Allison Mavity
Anderson McEntire
Anglin McIntosh
Barlow Miller
Bates Moate
Bowen Panned
Boone Rossee
Callaway Sheppard
Phillips Smiley
Davis Smith of Washington
Deal Smitha
Dean Thompson
Ferguson of Sumter Wells of Burke
Foster of Paulding Wells of Clayton
Foster of Towns Wells of Telfair
Greene Whipple
Griffin Williams of Jackson
Harden Witherington
ENROLLMENT
Hooks of Emanuel Brinson
Chairman Connell
Foster of Towns Ferguson of Camden
ViceChairman Foster of Paulding
Whipple of Bleckley Ennis J H
Secretary Grice
Anderson Gross
Blease Guerry
109
Hagan Mims
Harden Moate
Inglis Pittman of Berrien
Ingram Roughton
Johnson of Chatta Smitha
hoochee Warnock
Jones of Brantley Williams of Ware
Mankin Willoughby
Mann Witherington
Maund McClure Yawn
EXCUSE OF MEMBERS ABSENT WITHOUT LEAVE
Sills of Candler Chairman Harris
Ford of Worth Mankin
ViceChairman McCracken
Musgrove of Baker Mills
Secretary Moate
Callaway Moore of Taliaferro
Phillips Parker
Dalton Pilcher
Drinkard Roberts of Walton
Ennis Marion Strickland
Ferguson of Sumter Williams of Ware
Gowen Witherington
Grice Gross Wren
GAME AND FISH
Ferguson of Camden Bloodworth
Chairman Bowen
McNall of Chatham Boone
ViceChairman Brooks of Oglethorpe
Taft of Atkinson Secretary Bruce
Anderson Callaway
Bentley Chastain
110
Curry
Dallis
Davis
Dorsey
Dupree
Dyal
Ferguson of Sumter
Fuller
Gill
Goddard
Goolsby
Gray
Greene
Hagan
Harden
Hartness
Heard
Herrin
Kennedy
Looper
Mason
Mavity
McEntire
McIntosh
Moate
Pickett
Rich
Russell
Smiley
Thigpen
Warnock
Wells of Clayton
Wells of Telfair
Wether bee
Wilbanks
GENERAL AGRICULTURE NUMBER ONE
Barlow of Colquitt Chairman
Anderson of Wayne
ViceChairman Herrin of Echols Secretary Anglin Arnall Barber Bennett Bentley Branch Chastain Curry Dallis Drake Dyal
Ferguson of Sumter
Foster of Paulding Foster of Towns Gill
Goddard
Greene
Harden
Hardman
Hart
Howard
Looper
Mason
Mims
Mixon
Moate
Moore of Lumpkin
Pannell
Parker
in
Pinkston Southwell
Pittman Suggs
Roughton Vickers
Smiley Wells of Telfair
Smitha Williams of Harris
GENERAL AGRICULTURE NUMBER TWO
Bridges of Early Chairman Jackson
Bennett of Jeff Davis Johnson of Pike
ViceChairman Joiner
Cowart of Lowndes Jones of Worth
Secretary Key
Allison Lewis
Adams Mason
Barlow McEntire
Bowen Mills
Callaway Mixon
Kl Campbell Musgrove
1 II Dunn Parker
1 Dupree Roberts of Gwinnett
B li Dyal Sheppard
il Fuller Smith of Schley
11 II Gavin Smith of Washington
11 Graham Swint
IR Eli Gray Taft
II Griffin Warnock
Guerry Wells of Burke
hi HI Hicks Wells of Clayton
Hogg Wilbanks
U Holtzendorf Woods
Hooks Wright
li Inglis Yawn
li li GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER ONE
1li li Pannell of Murray Boone of Wilkinson
li Chairman Secretary
li Mann of Whitfield Aiken
ViceChairman Allison
112
Anderson Heard
Anglin Jackson
Aultman Kennedy
Barber Mankin
Blease Mavity
Bloodworth Mills
Bruce Mims
Callaway Moate
Candler Pittman
Chastain Roberts of Gwinnett
Connell Rowland
Davis Sabados
Dean Shannon
Dorsey Smith of Carroll
Drinkard Smith of Hall
Dupree Turner
Dyal Vickers
Edwards Weaver
Elliott Wells of Clayton
Etheridge Wilbanks
Hand Wren
Harden Yawn
GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER TWO
Bruce of Troup Chairman Sabados of Dougherty
ViceChairman Dorsey of Cobb Secretary Adams Aiken Allison Ansley Blackshear Bridges
Brooks of Oglethorpe
Candler
Chastain
Connell
Culpepper
Curry
Davis
Dunaway
Elliott
Ennis J H
Forrester
Foster of Paulding
Foster of Towns
Gavin
Gowen
Grayson
Greene
Griffin
113
Gross Rees
Hagan Roberts of Gwinnett
Hand Roberts of Walton
Hardman Rogers
Harrison Rossee
Hartness Rowland
Holtzendorf Shannon
Kea Southwell
Kelley Strickland
Lester Suggs
Lewis Swint
Looper Taft
Maddox Tappan
Mankin Thompson
Martin Walker
Mason Weaver
Mavity Welsch
McCracken Whipple
Mixon Williams of Bacon
Pettit Williams of Jackson
Pickett Willoughby
GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Rogers of Floyd Chairman Maddox of Floyd
ViceChairman Maund of Tolbert Secretary Arnall Barber Bowen Campbell Dalton Etheridge
Ferguson of Camden Foster of Paulding Gowen
Hardman
Hunnicutt
Jones of Brantley
Livingston
McEntire
Moore of Lumpkin
Moss
Price
Roughton
Smiley
Smith of Barrow
Swint
Turner
GEORGIA STATE SANITARIUM
Walker of Grady Chairman Dunn of Lamar
ViceChairman Gowen of Glynn Secretary Adams Anderson Bentley Blease Bowen Bradberry Bridges Campbell Chastain Cowart Drinkard Dyal Edwards
Foster of Paulding Foster of Towns Gavin Greene
Griffin
Guerry
Harden
Hardman
Holtzendorf
Horne
Joiner
Kelley
Looper
Maund
Mavity
Moore of Lumpkin
Musgrove
Panned
Pinkston
Smith of Schley
Smith of Washington
Warnock
Wilbanks
Williams of Jackson Wright
HALLS AND ROOMS
Wells of Burke Chairman McEntire of Franklin ViceChairman Pinkston of Terrell Secretary Adams Barber Caldwell Phillips Clements Dallis Drake Easier
Ennis Marion Etheridge
Ferguson of Camden
Gaston
Graham
Hagan
Harris
Ingram
J ackson
Kaigler
Key
Lester
Maddox
115
McCracken Taft
Moore of Taliaferro Vickers
Pannell Walker
Rees Williams of Ware
Sabados Yawn
HISTORICAL RESEARCH
Mrs Guerry of Macon Ingram
Chairman Johnson of Chatta
Mims of Miller hoochee
ViceChairman Kea
Pittman of Berrien Secretary Lewis
Aiken Mankin
Bennett Moore of Taliaferro
Callaway Parker
Dalton Reiser
Deal Shannon
Edwards Tappan
Forrester Warnock
Gavin Weaver
Hand
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Livingston of Polk Chastain
Chairman Culpepper
Goolsby of Monroe Dallis
ViceChairman Deal
WlTHERINGTON of WCOX Dean
Secretary Elliott
Atkinson Etheridge
Barlow Ford
Blackshear Goddard
Blease Grayson
Bloodworth Grice
Brinson Guerry
Brooks of Mitchell Hand
Bruce Harrison
Caldwell Hart
116
Hogg
Holtzendorf
Ingram
Johnson of Chattahoochee
Kea
Kendrick
Key
Lewis
Lovett
Maddox
Maund
McNall
Rogers
Rossee Roughton Sabados
Smith of Carroll
Strickland
Swint
Walker
Welsch
Wetherbee
Williams of Harris
Williams of Jackson
Wohlwender
Yawn
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
Turner of DeKalb Chairman
Kendrick of Fulton
ViceChairman Dean of Rockdale Secretary Allison Ansley Arnall Barlow Bates Bennett Bentley Blackshear Bloodworth Boone Branch Brinson
Brooks of Mitchell
Brooks of Oglethorpe
Bruce
Bynum
Callaway
Clements
Connell
Culpepper
Dallis
Daves
Deal
Elliott
Ennis J H
Ferguson of Camden
Ferguson of Sumter
Forrester
Goddard
Gowen
Grayson
Greene
Grice
Gross
Guerry
Hand
Hardy
Harrison
117
Heard
Hicks
Holtzendorf
Horne
Howard
Jones of Brantley
Jones of Richmond
Kea
Key
Lester
Livingston
Maddox
Mann
Mavity
Maxwell
McCracken
McEntire
McNall
Miller
Mixon
Moate
Pettit
Pickett
Pilcher
Pittman
Rich
Rogers
Sabados
Simmons
Smith of Carroll
Smith of Hall
Taft
Tappan
Thigpen
Thompson
Weaver
Wells of Clayton
Wells of Telfair
Welsch
Wetherbee
Whipple
Wilbanks
Williams of Jackson
Williams of Ware
Wohlwender
Wren
Yawn
INSURANCE
Mankin of Fulton Chairman Turner of DeKalb
ViceChairman Arnall of Coweta
Secretary
Aiken
Allison
Ansley
Barber
Bentley
Blackshear
Bloodworth
Branch
Brinson
Brooks of Mitchell
Brooks of Oglethorpe
Bynum
Callaway
Candler
Phillips
Connell
118
Culpepper
Curry
Dallis
Dean
Dorsey
Dunn
Easier
Elliott
Ennis J H
Ford
Fowler
Gaston
Goolsby
Grayson
Grice
Hand
Harden
Harrison
Hatchett
Holtzendorf
Hunnicutt
Ingram
Jackson
Jones of Richmond
Jones of Worth
Kea
Kelley
Kendrick
Key
Lester
Lewis
Livingston
Looper
Lovett
Maddox
Mankin
Mavity
McClure
Mims
Moate
Moore of Taliaferro
Pannell
Pickett
Price
Roberts of Gwinnett
Rogers
Rowland
Sabados
Simmons
Smith of Carroll
Smith of Hall
Smitha
Weaver
Welsch
Wetherbee
Whipple
Williams of Bacon Williams of Ware Woods
INTERSTATE COOPERATION
Williams of Bacon
Chairman Davis of Coweta
ViceChairman
Harden of Turner Secretary Bruce
Drinkard
Ferguson of Camden
Ingram
Looper
Moate
Pannell
119
INVALID PENSIONS AND SOLDIERS HOME
Lewis of Burke Chairman Harden
Griffin of Wilkes Harris
ViceChairman Hart
Johnson of Pike Secretary Ingram
Allison Kelley
Bates Lester
Campbell Livingston
Clements Mann
Daves Pettit
Dunn Rich
Etheridge Sheppard
Foster of Paulding Thigpen
Gill Vickers
Gray Wells of Burke
Guerry Yawn
JOURNALS
Gray of Houston Chairman Hardman
Southwell of Charlton Ingram
ViceChairman Joiner
Wells of Telfair Secretary Kendrick
Anderson Looper
Bennett Martin
Candler Moore of Taliaferro
Davis Pickett
Ennis J H Richardson
Forrester Sills
Gillis Thompson
Graham Wells of Clayton
Hagan
LEGISLATIVE AND CONGRESSIONAL REAPPORTIONMENT
Ferguson of Sumter Chairman
Gavin of Clay ViceChairman
Hagan of Screven Secretary Aiken Anderson
120
Anglin Mankin
Barlow Mann
Boone Mavity
Campbell McEntire
Candler Moate
Chastain Pannell
Connell Richardson
Dallis Rogers
Dorsey Rough ton
Drinkard Rowland
Gowen Russell
Guerry Smiley
Hand Taft
Hardy Thompson
Hartness Vickers
Hooks Williams of Jackson
Howard Willoughby
J ackson Wren
MANUFACTURES
Simmons of Decatur Gillis
Chairman Goddard
Williams of Ware Hardy
ViceChairman Harrison
Williams of Jackson Heard
Secretary Jones of Brantley
Anglin Jones of Richmond
Arnold Kennedy
Bentley Looper
Branch Lovett
Brooks of Oglethorpe Mason
Callaway Maxwell
Campbell McNall
Phillips Moate
Dallis Pickett
Deal Pilcher
Dunn Roberts of Gwinnett
Foster of Paulding
121
Swint Wells of Clayton
Tappan Williams of Harris
Turner
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Roughton of Washington Chairman Greene of Jones
ViceChairman Wilbanks of Cherokee Secretary Ansley Blackshear Callaway Dallis Dean Etheridge Foster of Towns Goddard
Hicks
Jones of Dodge
Key
Lewis
Maund
Mavity
Miller
Pinkston
Price
Roberts of Walton Smiley
Wells of Telfair
Whipple
Woods
MINES AND MINING
Moss of Gordon Chairman Hartness
Pettit of Bartow Inglis
ViceChairman Ingram
Moore of Lumpkin Secretary Jones of Richmond
Arnall Mankin
Boone Moore of Lumpkin
Clements Pittman
Dorsey Rich
Easier Rogers
Fowler Russell
Gowen Smith of Barrow
Gray Welsch
Harrison Yawn
122
MOTOR VEHICLES
Moate of Hancock Chairman Rossee of Putnam ViceChairman Heard of Elbert Secretary Adams Aiken Bentley Bowen Brinson Callaway Clements Davis Dean Drinkard Easier Etheridge Ferguson of Sumter Forrester Gill Goddard Greene Grice Harden Hardy Hart Hooks Johnson of Chattahoochee Jones of Brantley Kelley Kennedy Looper Maddox Mann Mason Mavity McEntire Mixon Pettit Pickett Price Richardson Rogers Sills T appan Thompson Turner Wells of Clayton Whipple Woods
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
Dunaway of DeKalb Chairman Hogg of Marion ViceChairman Horne of Crisp Secretary Allison Anderson Atkinson Aultman Barlow Bloodworth Brinson Bruce Bynum Caldwell Phillips
123
Connell
Cowart
Culpepper
Curry
Daves
Dean
Dorsey
Drinkard
Elliott
Ennis J H
Ferguson of Camden
Forrester
Fowler
Gaston
Gavin
Goddard
Gowen
Grice
Hand
Harden
Hardy
Hicks
Jones of Dodge Kea
Kendrick
Key
Lovett
Man kin
Martin
Mavity
McClure
Miller
Moate
Moss
Pickett
Price
Rees
Rogers
Rowland
Simmons
Smith of Hall
Thompson
Turner
Wells of Clayton Williams of Bacon Williams of Jackson Yawn
PENITENTIARY
Blease of Brooks Chairman Chastain
Mavity of Walker Dean
ViceChairman Dorsey
Smith of Barrow Forrester
Secretary Goolsby
Allison Gray
Anglin Greene
Arnall Griffin
Bowen Hagan
Brinson Harden
Brooks of Mitchell Heard
Callaway Herrin
124
Hicks Richardson
Holtzendorf Roberts of Gwinnett
Howard Sheppard
Ingram Sills
Jones of Brantley Smith of Carroll
Kea Taft
Kennedy Thigpen
Lewis Thompson
Looper Wells of Clayton
Mann Wilbanks
Mason Williams of Jackson
Maund Williams of Ware
Moore of Lumpkin Willoughby
Pickett Witherington
Pinkston Wren
Price Yawn
PENSIONS
Wren of Glascock Dunn
Chairman Dupree
Reiser of Effingham Etheridge
ViceChairman Ferguson of Camden
Hartness of Fannin Ferguson of Sumter
Secretary Foster of Towns
Aultman Gray
Bates Guerry
Blackshear Harrison
Bloodworth Hart
Bowen Holtzendorf
Bradbury Horne
Brooks of Oglethorpe Johnson
Bynum Jones of Brantley
Clements Jones of Worth
Connell Kaigler
Cowart Kennedy
Drake Lewis
Dunaway Looper
Mason
Maxwell
McEntire
McIntosh
Miller
Price
Rossee
Smith of Barrow Smith of Carroll Smith of Schley
Southwell
Walker
Warnock
Wells of Burke
Wetherbee
Williams of Jackson
Williams of Harris
Willoughby
Woods
Welsch
PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS
Wetherbee of Dougherty Chairman Ingram of Forsyth
ViceChairman Jones of Worth Secretary Aultman Bates Boone Callaway
Dallis
Dorsey
Ferguson of Sumter
Goddard
Grayson
Hand
Hogg
Roughton
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR
Bowen of Pierce Chairman Bentley of Upson
ViceChairman Wells of Clayton Secretary Adams Anderson Dalton Dupree
Gaston
Hand
Hooks
Mills
Rowland
Willoughby
Wren
PUBLIC HIGHWAYS NUMBER ONE
Strickland of Haralson Chairman Thigpen of Evans
ViceChairman
Campbell of Polk Secretary Aiken Atkinson Barber
Bentley Mims
Bowen Moate
Brooks of Oglethorpe Moore of Lumpkin
Chastain Moss
Dallis Pannell
Dalton Pettit
Easier Pickett
Ferguson of Sumter Pinkston
Foster of Towns Rees
Fuller Richardson
Gill Rogers
Gillis Roughton
Gowen Rowland
Gray Russell
Griffin Simmons
Hagan Southwell
Harden Smith of Barrow
Hardman Smith of Carroll
Hardy Smith of Washington
Hartness Suggs
Hicks Taft
Ingram Thompson
Looper Wells of Burke
Mankin Wells of Telfair
Mason Williams of Bacon
Mavity Williams of Jackson
McEntire Wright
McIntosh Yawn
McNall PUBLIC HIGHWAYS NUMBER TWO
Edwards of Taylor Barlow
Chairman Bloodworth
Jones of Dodge Bridges
ViceChairman Caldwell
Thompson of Meriwether Callaway
Secretary Campbell
Anglin Connell
127
Curry
Daves
Ferguson of Camden
Greene
Guerry
Hatchett
Heard
Holtzendorf
Hooks
Howard
Jones of Worth
Kea
Lewis
Maddox
Martin
Maund
Mixon
Musgrove
Pittman
Price
Roberts of Walton
Sheppard
Sills
Smith of Hall
Swint
Thigpen
Wells of Clayton
Wetherbee
Whipple
Wilbanks
Willoughby
Witherington
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Davis of Coweta Chairman Johnson of Pike
ViceChairman Joiner of Cook Secretary Aultman Bowen Cowart
Gray
Hartness
McClure
Roughton
Smith of Hall
Whipple
PUBLIC PRINTING
Anglin of Stewart Chairman
Sheppard of Heard
ViceChairman Tappan of Greene Secretary Aiken Boone Curry Dunaway Forrester
Grayson
Guerry
Hatchett
McClure
Russell
Sills
Smith of Hall Whipple
Williams of Ware
128
PUBLIC PROPERTY
Dallis of Troup Chairman Maxwell of Muscogee ViceChairman Rich of Union Secretary Arnold Bradbury Brooks of Mitchell Brooks of Oglethorpe Chastain Culpepper Dunaway Dunn
Ennis J H
Fowler
Greene
Heard
Herrin
Johnson
Jones of Worth
McIntosh
Price
Russell
Smith of Schley Williams of Bacon
PUBLIC UTILITIES
Caldwell of Troup Chairman
Kaigler of Quitman
ViceChairman Russell of White Secretary Anderson Ansley Atkinson Bradbury Brinson Callaway Forrester Foster of Towns Fuller Goddard Gowen Guerry Hart Hartness Heard
Hicks
Holtzendorf
Joiner
Jones of Richmond
Kea
Looper
Maddox
Mankin
Mann
Mavity
McClure
Mims
Moore of Lumpkin
Pannell
Rich
Rogers
Suggs
Welsch
Wells of Clayton Woods
129
PUBLIC WELFARE
Rees of Webster Chairman
Jones of Richmond
ViceChairman Richardson of Hart Secretary Allison Anderson Bentley Blackshear Bowen Chastain Deal Ford
Foster of Paulding
Fuller
Gavin
Gill
Gillia
Gray
Guerry
Hardman
Hardy
Hogg
Howard
Hunnicutt
Jones of Brantley
Jones of Dodge
Lewis
McEntire
Mixon
Musgrove
Parker
Pinkston
Price
Reiser
Roberts of Gwinnett
Sills
Smiley
Smith of Washington
Taft
Weaver
Whipple
Willoughby
RAILROADS
Blackshear of Hall Chairman Ford of Worth
ViceChairman Suggs of Sumter Secretary Anderson Connell Foster
Goddard
Gowen
Heard
Herrin
Kea
Musgrove
Thigpen
130
RULES
Evans of McDuffie Chairman Culpepper of Fayette ViceChairman Drinkard of Lincoln Secretary Barlow Bates Blease Bloodworth Boone Bruce Candler Chastain Dorsey Edwards Elliott
Ferguson of Sumter
Ford
Grayson
Hand
Harden
Howard
Hunnicutt
Lester
Lewis
Lovett
Mankin
Mavity
Mills
Moate
Moss
Pannell
Parker
Reiser
Rogers
Rough ton
Sabados
Shannon
Smith of Carroll
Smith of Hall
Strickland
Thigpen
Thompson
Vickers
Walker
Welsch
Whipple
Witherington
Wohlwender
SANITARIUM AT ALTO
Aiken of Bulloch Chairman Gray
Inglis of Habersham Guerry
ViceChairman Hardman
Smith of Hall Secretary Hicks
Atkinson Livingston
Barber Mason
Bentley Maund
Bowen McEntire
Dalton McIntosh
131
Miller Russell
Moore of Lumpkin Walker
Pannell Wells of Burke
Richardson Williams of Harris
Roberts of Walton Wright
Rough ton
SPECIAL APPROPRIATIONS
Callaway of Newton Herrin
Chairman Kea
Smith of Washington Lovett
ViceChairman Mavity
Warnock of Montgomery McEntire
Secretary Moate
Anderson Moss
Anglin Richardson
Branch Rowland
Culpepper Shannon
Dupree Smitha
Elliott Turner
Foster of Paulding Wells of Telfair
Foster of Towns Willoughby
Grice
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Welsch of Cobb Chairman Bradbury
Aultman of Peach Callaway
ViceChairman Chastain
Lester of Richmond Connell
Secretary Dalton
Adams Dorsey
Allison Drinkard
Ansley Dyal
Barber Edwards
Barlow Elliott
Bloodworth Ferguson of Sumter
Bowen
132
Goddard Mixon
Gowen Moate
Grice Pannell
Hagan Pickett
Hand Price
Harden Rees
Hart Reiser
Hatchett Roberts of Walton
Heard Roughton
Hicks Sabados
Horne Shannon
Hunnicutt Smiley
Jackson Thompson
Kaigler Vickers
Kea Walker
Key Warnock
Lewis Wells of Burke
Looper Wetherbee
Mankin Whipple
Mann Wilbanks
Mavity Williams of Bacon
Maxwell Willoughby
McClure Wohlwender
McNall Wren
STATE OF REPUBLIC
Drinkard of Lincoln Chairman Blease of Brooks
ViceChairman Pannell of Murray Secretary Anderson Barlow Bates Boone Bruce Chastain
Culpepper
Dorsey
Dyal
Edwards
Elliott
Ferguson of Sumtei
Harden
Lovett
Moate
Moss
Sabados
Thompson
133
Vickers
Wells of Clayton Witherington
Wohlwender
Wren
Yawn
STATE PRISON FARM
Kennedy of Tattnall Goolsby
Chairman Gray
Gill of Bryan Greene
ViceChairman Hardman
Gillis of Treutlen Joiner
Secretary Looper
Anderson McEntire
Bates Mims
Bentley Pinkston
Bowen Price
Chastain Rowland
Davis Sills
Easier Smith of Barrow
Fuller
TEMPERANCE
Whipple of Bleckley Edwards
Chairman Etheridge
Grayson of Chatham Ferguson of Camden
ViceChairman Ferguson of Sumter
Smiley of Liberty Gaston
Secretary Gowen
Adams Gray
Anglin Hagan
Aultman Inglis
Barber Jackson
Barlow Kaigler
Bennett Lester
Bentley Lewis
Caldwell Looper
Dallis Maddox
Drinkard Mann
Easier Mason
184
Mavity Sabados
Pannell Reiser Richardson Rowland Taft Vickers Walker
TRAINING SCHOOLS Goddard of Spalding Hatchett
Chairman Hogg
Smith of Schley ViceChairman Daves of Dooly Secretary Aiken Ansley Barlow Bradbury Callaway Cowart Dalton Dupree Edwards Ferguson of Sumter Gavin Gowen Guerry Hand Ingram Jones of Richmond Kea Kaigler Mankin Maxwell Moore Parker Pinkston Reiser Shannon Sills Tappan Warnock Welsch Williams of Harris Williams of Jackson Yawn
UNIFORM STATE LAWS
Barber of Colquitt Chairman Roberts of Walton ViceChairman Wright of Gilmer Secretary Davis Drinkard Gross Harden Jones of Dodge Mann Panned Williams of Bacon
135
UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA
Candler of DeKalb Chairman Hunnicutt of Clarke ViceChairman Price of Clarke Secretary Aiken Anglin Atkinson Bates Blackshear Bradbury Branch Bruce Bynum Caldwell Callaway Connell Culpepper Dallis Daves Davis Dean Dorsey Ferguson of Sumter Forrester Fowler Gillis Goddard Gowen Graham Grayson Griffin Gross Guerry Hagan Hand Harrison Heard Holtzendorf Horne Howard Jones Kendrick Kennedy Key Lester Livingston Looper Lovett Maddox Mann Mason Maxwell McEntire Moore of Lumpkin Panned Pickett Rees Richardson Roberts of Walton Rogers Rossee Sabados Simmons Smith of Carroll Smitha Suggs Tappan Vickers Weaver
136
Bl
Wells of Burke Whipple
Williams of Harris
Williams of Jackson Williams of Ware
WAYS AND MEANS
ett of Laurens Greene
Chairman Guerry
ilwender of Muscogee Hagan
ViceChairman Hand
son of Gwinnett Harden
Secretary Hardman
Arnall Hardy
Barber Herrin
Bennett Hooks
Bentley Howard
Blease Ingram
Bloodworth Jackson
Bradbury Jones of Dodge
Branch Kea
Caldwell Kennedy
Candler Key
Chastain Livingston
Connell Looper
Culpepper Maddox
Dorsey Mann
Drinkard Martin
Dunaway Mason
Elliott Maund
Etheridge McEntire
Ferguson of Camden Mills
Ferguson of Sumter Mims
Forrester Mixon
Fowler Moate
Fuller Moss
Gill Panned
Goddard Pettit
Gowen Reiser
Gray Roughton
137
Sabados Warnock
Simmons Wells of Burke
Smith of Hall Wells of Clayton
Taft Wells of Telfair
Thigpen Wetherbee
Thompson Williams of Jackson
Walker Yawn
WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILROAD
oks of Oglethorpe Kaigler
Chairman Lewis of Burke
lls of Burke Looper
ViceChairman Martin
is of Miller Maund
Secretary Mavity
Anderson McEntire
Anglin Moore of Lumpkin
Bowen Moss
Bradbury Musgrove
Brooks of Mitchell Pannell
Caldwell Parker
Callaway Pickett
Dalton Pittman
Davis Richardson
Drinkard Shannon
Easier Sills
Etheridge Smiley
Evans Smith of Barrow
Forrester Smith of Washington
Foster of Town Smitha
Gavin Suggs
Gowen Taft
Gray Walker
Greene Welsch
Griffin Wilbanks
Harden Williams of Jackson
Hardy Williams of Ware
Hart Witherington
Hartness Woods
Heard Wright
Holtzendorf
138
Rules of the House of Representatives
Adopted for the Sessions of 19411942

THE SPEAKER
Rule 1 The Speaker shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the House the Speaker shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the House be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the Speaker shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any other member
Rule 3 When two or more members shall rise at the same time the Speaker shall name the person entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the Speaker unless otherwise ordered by the House
Rule 5 The method of stating a question or any motion by the Speaker after the same has been read to the House by the Clerk shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the Speaker or a division of the House is called for by any one member of the House the Speaker shall call upon the members in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the clerk he shall call upon the members to reverse their positions and the Speaker shall announce the result
141
Discretion of Speaker
When Speaker shall vote
Bight of member to the floor to be decided by the Speaker
Appointment of Committees
Methods of stating a question by Speaker
Speaker may name members to preside
Duty of Clerk when Speaker Is absent
Appeals from ruling of the Speaker
When no debate on appeals
Appeals to be made at once
When members may address the House
Rule 6 The Speaker may during a days sitting name any member to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the Speaker shall be absent the Speaker pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Clerk of the House shall call the House to Order and shall preside until a Speaker pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the House The Speaker pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
Rule 8 Should any member of the House be dissatisfied with the ruling of the Speaker on any point he shall rise and respectfully address the Speaker and say I appeal from the decision of the Chair The Speaker will then state to the House the point ruled on and his decision on it and shall then put the question of appeal to the House as follows All in favor of the decision of the Chair standing as the sense of this House will say Aye Those opposed will say No and the decision of the House in sustaining or overruling the Speaker shall be final
Rule 9 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Rule 10 All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Rule 11 Where debate is permissible on appeals from the decision of the Chair any member after being recognized by the Speaker may address his remarks directly to the House
142
Rule 12 The Speaker shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the House within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the House may see fit to take in the premises
Rule 13 The Speaker shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the House cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of the House to be dealt with for contempt of the House
Rule 14 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the House the Speaker may order the bar of the House to be closed and the roll of members called by the Clerk and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the House and if any member present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the House
Rule 15 The Speaker may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the House discloses the fact that a quorum of the House has not voted
Rule 16 All questions as to the priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the Speaker without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 17 When any member is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the House he shall rise and respectfully address himself to Mr Speaker He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not
Power of Speaker to suspend subordinate officers
When Speaker may order galleries and lobbies cleared
No quorum voting duty of Speaker
When Speaker may order vote taken by yeas and nays
Decision on questions of priority
Conduct of members In debate
143
Time extended how
Expulsion
Exception to words spoken Proviso
speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken
No member of the House shall occupy the floor longer than one 1 hour in debating any question unless otherwise ordered by the House and any motion to limit or extend the time of individual speeches shall be decided without debate No such motion shall prevail unless it shall receive the affirmative votes of two thirds of those voting Such motion may be made at any time that the movant thereof may legitimately obtain the floor
If any member in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the House the Speaker shall call him to order in which case the member so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The House shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the House be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the House by a twothirds vote of the members which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays and recorded on the Journal of the House
Rule 18 If any member be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Clerk and read then admitted denied or explained by the member who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the House may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the House is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main questions have been exhausted or until such further
144
time as may then be ordered by the House But no member shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the House for words spoken in debate if any other member has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Rule 19 The members of the House shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking member shall have taken his seat
Rule 20 The members shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the place in which they may be or the county they represent
Rule 21 No member shall address the House except as heretofore stated in case of appeals or interrogate a member who is speaking except through the Speaker and should the member speaking decline to be interrupted the Speaker shall cause the member desiring to interrogate to be silent
Rule 22 No member shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is immediately and particularly interested In every case where the seat of a member is being contested the sitting member and the contestant shall both retire from the House before the vote is taken
Rule 23 Any member may enter a protest in writing against the action of the House said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the House nor any member thereof and such protest shall be entered by the Clerk upon the Journal of the House
Rule 24 No member shall converse with any one over the bar of the House
Silence
Mode of
designating
members
House how addressed Questions and interruptions
Shall not vote when interested in result
Protests
Smoking and conversation prohibited
145
Duty while member is speaking and at adjournment
Matters transpiring in Senate Committees and private conversation not to be referred to
Laudatory and disparaging remarks when forbidden
Applause and hisses forbidden
No debate during yeas and nays
Only one motion can be made at a time
Explanation
Rule 25 No member shall be permitted to enter upon the floor of the House or remain thereon in an intoxicated condition and the Messenger and the Doorkeepers of the House are specially charged with the rigid enforcement of this rule
Rule 26 No member shall pass between the Chair and a member while he is speaking nor shall any member at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the Speaker retires
Rule 27 No member shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another member or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the Senate
Rule 28 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 29 Applause or hisses in the Representative chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Rule 30 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Rule 31 No member can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the House he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the Speaker
Rule 32 On all questions except such as are not debatable any member on the call of the ayes and nays shall as a matter of right be allowed three minutes in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no member shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent of the House No motion shall
146
be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a members time for explaining
Rule 33 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any member it shall be determined by a vote of the House and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 34 Every member within the hall when a question is put shall vote unless he is immediately and particularly interested therein or the House shall excuse him A motion to excuse a member from voting must be made before the House divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the member making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
Rule 35 No member shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then make any motion the effect of which is to cut off debate without relinquishing the floor
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 36 Any member may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Rule 37 The member calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by themselves and be consistent and entire
Rule 38 A qualifying paragraph an exception or a proviso if taken from that to which it belongs would not contain a distinct or entire proposition
Rule 39 A motion to strike out and insert is an indivisible proposition
Beading of papers
When members shall vote
Motion to excuse when made Excuses from voting
Call for a division
Division how made
Qualifying paragraph exception and provision
Strike out and insert not divisible
147
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Call of counties
Bills and resolutions called in order Proviso
Rule 40 The Clerk shall on Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call the counties for the introduction of new matter beginning alternately at the first and last of the alphabet Provided that no member shall introduce more than one bill of a general nature on any day except companion bills and provided further no bill providing for an appropriation of money shall be introduced during the last thirty days of a regular session except by consent of twothirds of the House which twothirds shall be equal to a majority of all of the members elected to the House The question of the introduction of such bill shall be debatable for ten minutes five minutes by the author or other member designated by him and five minutes by member or members opposing such introduction
Rule 41 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the numerical order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Clerk shall distinctly state its number and the name of the member by whom introduced provided that House and Senate bills and resolutions adversely reported shall not be taken up for a second reading except by request of the authors of such bill or resolution or some member of the House provided that the General Tax Bill and the General Appropriation Bill shall take precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said Bills shall have been finally disposed of In order that the proper numerical order may be accurately and fairly determined as between bills and resolutions it shall be the duty of the Clerk to place on each bill and resolution as same is read the first time a number following the numerical order in which said bills and resolutions are read the first time adopting one series of numbers
148
and the same series of numbers for both bills and resolutions and not a separate series of numbers as heretofore practiced
Rule 42 Every motion to suspend the rules for the purpose of taking up bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion to make special orders shall be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the House
Rule 43 The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter nor to read any bill or resolution the second time or any local bill or resolution a third time or to put any local bill or resolution upon its passage or to recommit a bill or resolution or to withdraw from one committee and recommit to another a bill or resolution except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal or after the reading of the Journal has been dispensed with The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to put any general bill or resolution upon its passage or to read such bill or resolution second time and recommit The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any time
The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to make a special order or to change the order of business except that by unanimous consent an order of business may be fixed for the period of Unanimous Consents
The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to cast his vote on any motion resolution amend
Effect of
unanimous
consent
149
Suspension of rules
No debate
ment bill or other question nor shall any member be permitted to cast his vote on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question until the question is put to the House by the Speaker on viva voce vote or division of the House or until after the roll call has begun
The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 44 The rules of this House known as Constitutional rules shall in no case be suspended all other rules shall in no case be suspended nor changed nor the order of business be changed except by a vote of twothirds of the members voting Provided however that in order to so change or suspend the rules or change the order of business said twothirds so voting in favor of said change or suspension shall constitute a majority of the members of the whole House
Rule 45 No suspension of change or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition or suspension of be first referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the House Provided however that immediately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day following the introduction in the House of the proposed change or addition to these rules the Committee on Rules shall report the same back to the House A failure to so report such proposed change or addition to these rules for two days shall automatically bring said proposed change or addition before the House for consideration
Rule 46 Any motion to suspend rules or change the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate Provided however that whenever a report from the Committee on Rules is submitted to the House the questions arising on said report shall be debatable until the report of the Corn
150
mittee is agreed to or disagreed to or the main question is ordered There shall be no debate however on the report of the Committee on Rules during the last fourteen days of the session
Rule 47 It shall be in order to introduce bills or other matter upon the call of the counties without any previous notice having been given for that purpose
Rule 48 No debate shall be admitted upon any Bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any Bill or Resolution or other matter requiring reference to a Committee the Speaker shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the House
No bill or resolution shall be engrossed except upon the affirmative vote of twothirds of the members present No member shall be recognized at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to engross a bill or resolution When a motion to engross is made which motion may be made upon reading the bill the first time and at no other time no debate shall be permitted except that the movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Clerk and the Bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed In cases where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee
Bills etc when introduced
No debate on first reading
Effect of favorable report of committee
151
Bills when withdrawn
Adverse report of committee Transmission to Senate majority vote
Bills when printed
If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Any bill may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the House
When motion is made to refer a bill or resolution to a committee other than the one to which it is referred by the Speaker even though instructions be added no debate shall be permitted except that movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes No debate shall be permitted unless instructions are added
All resolutions providing for appointment of committees of inquiry or investigation and any and all other resolutions not privileged except motions foi information from the Executive Department and any other Department of the State Government shall be referred by the Speaker to the appropriate committee unless by order of the House referred to some other committee
Rule 49 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the Senate on the day of the passage thereof unless twothirds of the members present shall so order
Rule 50 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the House by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the House agreeing thereto No request for unanimous consent or motion to print a bill shall be made except immediately following the thirty minute period of Unanimous Consents No debate shall be permitted on such a motion except that the movant may speak to his motion not longer than three minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto
153
for three minutes provided however that when a bill is actually before the House for consideration such request for unanimous consent or a motion to print may be made but the motion to print shall not take precedence of any other motion permitted under Rule No 55 The motion to print may be made after the motion to table or the motion to postpone to a time certain shall have prevailed The debate on such motion shall be limited as above set forth
Rule 51 All proceedings touching the appropriating of money shall be considered in the Committee of the Whole House
Rule 52 All bills and resolutions shall be in writing and shall have the name of the member introducing the same as well as the county he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same
Rule 53 Where a bill or resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the House and in all cases the report of the Committee of the Whole House shall be first acted on by the House
Rule 54 The Committee on Rules during the last twentyone days of each session shall arrange a calendar for each days business and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing Special Order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order fixed by such calendar except by a vote of a majority of all of the members elected to the House During the period of operation under this rule the calendar or order of business fixed by committee on rules shall be read by the clerk immediately after Confirmation of the Journal of
153
Committee of the Whole House See Rule 107 et al
Bills and Resolutions to be in writing How indorsed
Reports of committees order of action
T
Order of precedence
Not debatable when may be renewed
each morning session and immediately after Call of the Roll of each afternoon session and any motion to amend such report either by striking inserting or changing the order shall be made within the first thirty minutes after the reading of such report After the reading of such report and announcement by the Speaker that it is in order for such motions to be made and no such motions being made the House shall proceed to business under the calendar so fixed after which no such motion shall be made during that session No such motion to amend the report of the Committee on Rules shall be debatable during the period of operation under this Rule
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Rule 55 When any subject is before the House for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st Motion to adjourn
2d A motion to lay on table
3d A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to adjourn to a time definite
5th A motion to postpone indefinitely
6th A motion to postpone to a day certain
7th A motion to commit
8th A motion to amend
9th A motion to print
Which said motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand as above arranged
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 56 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the House A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
154
Rule 57 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the House is not actually engaged in other business is debatable
Rule 58 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the member moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 59 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Clerk has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced but in such cases the rollcall shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced before a motion to adjourn shall be in order
Rule 60 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the House to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 61 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the House is being taken by yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the House is acting on the main question after the main question has been ordered and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the House shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
When made debatable
When not in order
Effect of adjournment
Hour of adjournment What business postponed
Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table
How matters may be taken from table
Effect of vote to table
Effect of vote to take from table
No motion to table in order until rollcall is completed
When renewed
Not debatable or amendable
MOTIONS TO LAY ON TABLE
Rule 62 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order
Rule 63 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the House is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken up the same is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 64 If the motion to lay on the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the House the measure together with all the motions attached to it at the time it is so disposed of
Rule 65 When the proposition is again taken from the table it stands before the House in the exact form with all the motions pertaining to it just as it did at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed
Rule 66 After a yea and nay vote is called on any bill or resolutionthe House not acting at the time under the previous questionand one vote has been recorded no motion to table shall be in order until the rollcall shall have been completed When any bill or resolution is tabled after the completion of the rollcall and then taken from the table nothing can be done except to announce the result of said vote as shown by said rollcall at the time said bill or resolution was tabled
Rule 67 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Rule 68 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
156
Rule 69 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
Rule 70 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted on the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 71 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except a motion to adjourn or to lay on the table but neither of said motions shall be made but once until after the previous question has been exhausted and when it is moved the question shall be Shall the motion for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority of a quorum in the affirmative and the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum all other motions except one to reconsider the action in ordering the main question will be out of order and the House cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives But no motion to reconsider the action of the House in ordering the main question shall be in order after the Clerk has called the first name on call of the ayes and nays and the vote of any member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on the vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced in such cases the roll call shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced
Rule 72 When the previous question has been ordered the House shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the
What can be tabled
When in order
Effect of previous question
Twenty
minutes
debate
allowed
157
Vote how taken
Effect of main question being ordered
Contested
Election
How Called and ordered
main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate Where the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such members as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule This rule shall not be construed to allow the twenty minutes above referred to to be used but once on any bill or measure and then on the final passage of the bill or measure
Rule 73 After the main question is ordered any member may call for a division of the House in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays if the call for the yeas and nays is sustained by onefifth of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the yeas and nays and so entered on the Journal
Rule 74 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the House to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 75 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any question if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 76 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Rule 77 A call of the House shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the Speaker that a quorum is not present
Rule 78 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Rule 79 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Rule 80 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
Rule 81 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 82 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 83 The motion to postpone a bill resolution or other measure to a day certain when decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum removes the subject from before the House until the time designated and makes it a privileged question for that day so selected
Call of the House when In order
Question of order
Effect
Not amendable
When cannot be applied
Not renewed
159
Effect of negative vote
May be amended
To a day beyond the session
Debate when and how allowed
Motion how applied
Motion to commit
Precedence
of
Rule 84 If the motion to postpone a bill a resolution or other measure is decided in the negative it leaves the question before the House as it was before the motion was made and it cannot be moved a second time on same day or at the same stage of the proceeding
Rule 85 This motion to postpone to a day certain may be amended by substituting one day for another In this case the time would be treated as a blank and the Speaker should treat these propositions as he would those to fill blanks
Rule 86 If a day designated is known to be beyond the session the Speaker shall treat the motion as though it had been a motion to indefinitely postpone the subject
Rule 87 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another It shall be the duty of the Speaker to hold members rigidly to these points
Rule 88 This motion cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but must be applied to the whole bill resolution or other measure before the House and when it prevails it carries forward the whole proposition and its appendages to the day named
MOTIONS TO COMMIT
Rule 89 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee or committee of the whole House
Rule 90 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit
160
to a special committee and shall be first voted on but where a motion is made that a bill resolution or other measure be committed to the committee of the whole House this motion shall be put before either of the above named motions
Rule 91 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 92 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the member making the motion
Rule 93 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTIONS TO AMEND
Rule 94 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2d By striking out words
3d By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 95 A substitute is simply an amendment it is in effect a motion to strike out all after the enacting clause of a bill or the word Resolved in a resolution and insert that offered as a substitute
When debatable
How
amended
Motion to recommit
Amendments how made
Substitute
161
BBS
Bill first perfected then the substitute Rule 96 When a bill or resolution is before the House for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute4t shall be in order for the House to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
When too Rule 97 An amendment cannot be offered after
late to amend j
the report of the committee to which was referred
Must be in writing the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the House unless said action of the House in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered Rule 98 All motions to amend any matter before the House must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Priority Rule 99 On all questions whether in committee or in the House the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Blanks Rule 100 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Caption when amended Rule 101 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Amending by sections Rule 102 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and
162
the House shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Clerk in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Clerk without any motion being made in the House and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur and amend it
Rule 103 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment
Rule 104 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Clerk shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 105 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a part of a bill or resolution any amendment offered to perfect the part proposed to be stricken shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
Rule 106 When any bill or resolution which originated in the House has been amended in the Senate and is before the House for action on the Senate amendment an amendment may be offered in the House to the Senate amendment but the House amendment to the Senate amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 107 A motion to amend an amendment made by the Senate to the House bill or resolution takes precedence over a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Amendments by striking out and inserting
Priority of amendment to perfect
Amending
Senate
Amendments
See Rule 126
Priority
163
priority of Rule 108 The questions which arise before the onlsenate House respecting amendments by the Senate to a amendments jjouse or resolution are
1st A motion to agree to the Senate amendment
2d A motion to disagree to the Senate amendment
3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order
The Speaker is authorized on his own motion or upon point or order being made when in his opinion a Senate Amendment to a House Bill is not germane or if adopted would render the bill unconstitutional to rule out such amendment the effect of which ruling of the Speaker if not appealed from or if appealed from and the appeal not sustained shall be the same as a vote of the House to disagree and as such the Clerk shall report it to the Senate Such point of order shall take precedence over a motion to agree
Provided that when any question of disagreement with the Senate arises the following motions shall be in order at any time the movant can legally obtain the floor and debate thereon limited as in the case of reconsideration 1st a motion to insist upon the House position 2nd a motion to recede from the House position which motions shall be put in the order listed subject to disposition by the House of any amendments or substitutes affecting the matter in disagreement Majority Rule 108A In order to adopt a Senate Amend
necessary to 1
adopt senate ment to a House bill or resolution and m order to Amendment
Conference adopt a report of a conference committee the said Report amendment or conference committee report must receive a majority vote of the entire membership elected to the House of Representatives Any rule
164
contravening the letter or spirit of this Rule is herebyrepealed
RECONSIDERATION
Rule 109 When the Journal of the preceding Motion to day shall be read it shall be in the power of any member whether said member previously voted in the affirmative or negative on the matter sought to be reconsidered to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter as has been previously reconsidered provided such member shall notify the House of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed Provided further that the action of the House on Senate amendments shall be in order for reconsideration immediately and not otherwise
Rule 110 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed withdrawn within which it might originally have been made
Rule 111 No matter shall be reconsidered more maybe one 1 reconsid
tnan once eration
Rule 112 Motions for reconsideration shall be in when in order immediately after the order of unanimous con rder sent on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action
Rule 113 The action of the House upon an amend Amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final ereaction upon the section bill or resolution to which considered it relates
Rule 114 All bills reconsidered shall take their Place of place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order calendarfor a third reading
COMMITTEE ON THE WHOLE HOUSE
Rule 115 The Speaker may resolve the House into When ordered a Committee of the Whole without a motion being bySpeaker
165
See Rule 44
When ordered by the House
How formed
made therefor whenever a bill or resolution shall be in order for consideration on its third reading before the House which is required by the rules of this House to be considered in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 116 The House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose provided however that notice of intention to make such motion shall be given during the session of the preceding day individual speeches on such motion being limited to three minutes If such notice shall not have been given the motion shall prevail if it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting and which twothird shall also constitute a majority of all of the members elected to the House and provided further whenever the House either by its own vote or by unanimous consent shall commit any bill or resolution to Committee of the Whole House and subsequently a motion shall be made to resolve the House into Committee of the Whole to consider such bill or resolution and such motion shall be lost the said motion shall not be again renewed but it shall be the duty of the Speaker to require the Clerk to read the bill or resolution again on the following days session under the order of Introduction of New Matter or Reading of Bills the First Time and to refer such bill or resolution to the appropriate committee unless otherwise ordered by the House provided however that for the consideration of the General Tax Bill and General Appropriation Bill the House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose and no previous notice shall be necessary
Rule 117 In forming a Committee of the Whole House the Speaker shall leave the chair and a Chair
166
man to preside in committee shall be appointed by the Speaker
Rule 118 In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be first read throughout by the Clerk and then again be read or debated by clauses or sections leaving the preamble to be last considered unless otherwise ordered
Rule 119 The Rules of the House shall be observed by the Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable except that it can not refer a matter to any other committee it can not adjourn the previous question can not be enforced a motion to lay on the table or indefinitely postpone shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the House shall be in order nor shall any vote be taken by yeas and nays
Rule 120 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it shall be desired to close the debate or to limit the time to be allowed members for speaking the committee may rise and report its desire to the House and the House shall take such action thereon as it may see fit by a resolution agreed for that purpose said resolution shall apply only to the subjectmatter before said committee and when said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the House the action of the House shall be deemed the sense of the committee and the House may then on motion again resolve itself into Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of the subject
Rule 121 In the event that a Committee of the Whole House at any sitting shall for want of time fail to complete any matter under consideration it may on motion at any time in the committee made rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally or at a day certain
Rule 122 A motion that the committee rise and report progress and ask leave to sit again can be made at any time when the mover thereof can legiti
Proceedings
Buie In committee
Debate how closed
Time of how extended
Motion to rise etc
167
Reconsid
eration
Duty of Chairman when no quorum is present
All members shall vote unless excused
Amendments
Disorderly
conduct
reported
Chairman may order galleries cleared
mately obtain the floor and shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without debate and when it prevails the committee shall immediately rise and when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall automatically rise and the Speaker shall assume the Chair
Rule 123 A motion to reconsider shall be in order in Committee of the Whole
Rule 124 The Committee of the Whole shall not proceed with the business before it whenever a vote on any question shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present Whenever it is suggested that a quorum is not present the Chairman of the committee shall satisfy himself of the fact by actual count of the committee and report the same to the committee and the Chairman shall on his own motion order that the committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the House
Rule 125 The Speaker may in Committee of the Whole take part in the proceedings and he as well as all other members shall vote on all questions before the committee unless excused therefrom and no pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 126 Amendments proposed by the Committee of the Whole may be amended or rejected by the House and matters stricken out by the committee may be restored by the House
Rule 127 A Committee of the Whole House can not punish disorderly conduct of its members but must report the same to the House for action thereon
Rule 128 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared in case of any disorderly conduct therein
168
Rule 129 When the Committee of the Whole have disposed of the bill resolutions or other measures before it by motion and question it shall rise and the Chairman will be instructed to report the action of the Committee to the House At this point the Speaker will resume his seat and the Chairman will return to the floor and will state in substance as follows Mr Speaker the Committee of the Whole House have had under consideration naming what and have instructed me as their Chairman to report the same back to the House with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended or do not pass as the case may be
The Speaker will receive this report and repeat the same and the matter will then be before the House for action just as though reported by any other Committee
Rule 130 The proceedings of the Committee of the Whole shall not be recorded in the Journal of the House except so far as reported to the House by the Chairman of said committee
Rule 131 When in the Committee of the Whole any papers in the possession of the House may be called for by any member and read by the Clerk for the information of the committee unless the committee shall otherwise order
Rule 132 Amendments offered to an amendment in the Committee of the Whole shall not be reported to the House but the report shall contain only the result of the committees action on the bill resolution or measure under consideration before it
ABSENTEES
Rule 133 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the House and also the reading of the Journal shall not be dispensed with except by a vote of twothirds of the members present The motion to dispense with the roll call and to dispense with the reading of the Journal shall be decided without debate
Proceedings of when business before it is finished
Record
Papers may be called for
Report shall contain result of committees action
Morning rollcall dispensed with by twothirds vote
169
Names of absentees noted
Duty of
Auditing
Committee
Excuses of members
Power to compel attendance
Rule 134 Upon the call of all the members ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Clerk and shall appear upon the Journal And it shall be the duty of the Clerk to keep a separate list of the absentees from each days proceedings which list shall be entered upon the Journal and shall show which of said absentees are absent without leave and of those absent with leave which are absent for providential causes and which for business reasons which said separate list shall be read in the House with the Journal upon which the same is entered
The Clerk shall also keep in a book accessible to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave the names of all such absentees noting such as are absent without leave and the member so absent without leave unless excused by the House are so absent
It shall be the duty of the Committee on Auditing to inquire into the matter before passing upon any members account
Excuses of members absent without leave shall be submitted to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave and the recommendation of some member of said committee shall be necessary to have said excuse allowed by the House
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 135 The power to compel the attendance of members in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the Speaker and to this end he may have the doors of the House closed When the doors are so closed no member shall be allowed to retire from the House without first obtaining leave from the House
170
The Messenger of the House shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the House and on order of the Speaker may arrest any absentees and bring them before the House when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE HOUSE
Rule 136 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present or when the Speaker shall officially state the fact to the House it shall be in order for any member to make a motion for a call of the House and when this motion is made the Speaker shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the House prevail and if fifteen of the members present shall vote in the affirmative the Speaker shall order the Clerk to call the roll of members and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the members present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by the officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the House shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
Rule 137 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4
Rule 138 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and
Sergeant
atarms
What is a quorum Compelling attendance
Oath of members
171
Majority required to pass bill
Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members
Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays
Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays
Revenue
bills
on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
Rule 139 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14
Rule 140 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6
Rule 141 No bid or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12
Rule 142 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Art3 Sec 7 Par 21
Rule 143 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third reading of local bills must be full and complete
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5
172
Rule 144 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10
Rule 145 No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8
Rule 146 No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17
Rule 147 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provisions have been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
Rule 148 The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
Reading of bills
One subject matter etc
An amendment to laws and sections of Code
General laws how varied
Consent and when required
Corpora
tions
Power delegated to courts
173
Relief of recognizance
What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appropriations by separate bills
Adjourn
ments
Elections
Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote
Rule 149 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Rule 150 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriation fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9
Rule 151 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24
Rule 152 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result
Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1
Rule 153 No bill or ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any
174
other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13
Rule 154 The General Assembly shall meet on the second Monday in January 1933 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the day shall be changed by law Such session shall continue no longer than ten 10 days
The General Assembly shall reconvene in regular session on the second Monday after the 4th of July 1933 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the date shall be changed by law No such regular session shall continue longer than sixty 60 days
For complete description of Article see page 222 herein
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3
Rule 155 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have the power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1
Rule 156 No provision of this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23
Rule 157 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sundays excepted after it has been
175
January session limited to ten days
Regular Session limited to sixty days
Elections
disorderly
conduct
Expulsion by twothirds vote
Signature of Governor when required
Governors
veto
Effect of twothirds vote thereon
When Governor must approve
Effect of
twothirds
vote
Twothirds vote
required
Twothirds vote required on amendments to Constitution
presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16
Rule 158 Every note resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 17
Rule 159 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4
Rule 160 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional Districts for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amend
176
ments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
Rule 161 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2
Rule 162 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall salaries of have out of the treasury of the State salaries not to Judgesexceed four thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Court shall have salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office
The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and dif attds ferent salaries for any or all of the above officers ot but no such changes shall affect the officers then in commission
Art6 Sec l3 Pars 1 and 2
Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called
177
Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same
Messages
Messages when received and considered
Petitions
Motions
Rule 163 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 164 When a message shall be sent to the House of Representatives it shall be announced at the door of the House by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 165 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce is being taken A message shall be presented to the House by the Speaker when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business in which the House is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the House
Rule 166 It shall be the order of the day every Wednesday to take up and decide on reports of Committees on Petitions and all Petitions shall be numbered as they are received and taken up and disposed of in the order they were received unless otherwise ordered by a majority of a quorum
Rule 167 After a motion is stated by the Speaker or read by the Clerk it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the House but may be withdrawn at any time before the decision by the unanimous consent of the House
178
Rule 168 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Rule 169 The several standing committees of the House shall have leave to report by bill or otherwise The report of the Committee on Rules is in order at any time when the House is not actually engaged in other business
Rule 170 The Clerk of the House shall take an oath for the true and faithful discharge of the duties of his office to the best of his knowledge and abilities and shall be deemed to continue in office until another be elected
Rule 171 The Clerk shall take special care of the books provided for the use of the House
Rule 172 The Committee on Enrollment shall carefully compare enrolled bills and resolutions and correcting any errors that may be discovered in the enrolled bills or other papers make their report forthwith to their respective Houses
Rule 173 Verification of a roll call vote can be dispensed with only by unanimous consent the Speaker shall not entertain a motion to that effect
Rule 174 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Clerk shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Rule 175 When a motion is made by any member it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the House
Rule 176 After the announcement of the standing committee no other members shall be placed thereon except when members have been elected to
Petitions
memorials
etc
Committees
Clerk
Clerk
Duties of Committee on Enrollment
Motions not privileged
Not necessary to second motion
Committees how and when engaged
179
Privileges on the floor
Privileges of the floor
Duty of Committee on Journals
Members to receipt Clerk for books and papers
fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the Speaker may assign said members to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 177 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the House except the members and officers thereof the officers and members of the Senate the Governor of the State and the heads of the officers of the Executive Department Members of Congress from Georgia State House officers and members of the press actively reporting Legislative proceedings exGovernors Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral in actual commission expresiding officers of the House and Senate Judges and DistrictAttorneys of the United States Courts and such others as the House may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on the Privileges of the Floor The report of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor may be made at any time the chairman of the committee is recognized by the Speaker Privileges of the floor and use of the press table shall be extended only to those representatives of the press bearing proper credentials from recognized newspapers of general circulation and telegraphic press associations provided that no person shall be admitted on the floor of the House who is engaged in lobbying or in attempting to influence legislation
Rule 178 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the House that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Clerk
Rule 179 No member shall take any books or papers from the possession of the House or Clerk without first acquainting the Clerk and giving him a receipt to return the same in a reasonable time or on his demand
180
Rule 180 The House shall convene at 10 a m Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the House The hour of adjournment to be fixed by a majority of said House on motion without debate
Rule 181 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
Rule 182 All Acts and joint resolutions shall be signed by the Speaker and Clerk and all writs warrants and subpoenas issued by order of the House shall be signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk
Rule 183 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the House while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the Speaker to execute the demands of the House from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the Speaker
Rule 184 The Messenger under the direction of the Clerk shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Rule 185 No Committee of the Whole or other committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendment recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendment relates
Rule 186 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Rule 187 Whenever any member moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the Speaker
Adjournment and meeting
Motion for yeas and nays not debatable
Signature of Speaker and Clerk
Duty of Messenger
Messengers duty in distributing documents etc
Interlineation forbidden
Pairing
Committee on conference
181
Authority of
Conference
Committees
Amend
ments
Majority and
minority
reports
shall appoint a committee on the part of the House and in such case the committee shall consist of only such members as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the House and if by inadvertence any member be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the House and be excused by the Speaker
Rule 187a No conference committee appointed by the House or under its authority shall be authorized to agree to any proposal whereby matter new and different from the action of the House and Senate is recommended All conference committees on the part of the House shall be limited in authority to composing the difference between House and Senate on the measure that is referred to said conference committee and any report from any conference committee which exceeds the authority as outlined here shall be out of order and the Speaker shall so declare and upon his failure to do so at the suggestion of any member the question shall be submitted to the House as to whether the conference committee has exceeded its authority If upon vote it is determined that said action is in excess of the authority of said committee the committee shall be automatically discharged and the report disregarded All rules contravening the letter or spirit of this rule in so far as this rule is affected are to be disregarded
Rule 188 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the House it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed toby the House but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 189 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
182
Rule 190 Every motion for information from the Executive Department or any other Department of the State Government shall lie on the table one day and on the following day such motion shall be deemed privileged and shall be in order for immediate consideration at the request of the author or any other member of the House
Rule 191 On the call of the yeas and nays the Clerk shall read the names of the members after they have been called and no member shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 192 Questions of privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the House collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of members individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence over all other questions except a motion to adjourn Provided that when any matter is before the House no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question shall be disposed of
Rule 193 In all elections a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Rule 194 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing Rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
Rule 195 The Auditing Committee shall before auditing the account of any member for expenses of a committeeman or any account prescribed by a member for any expense incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of this House require of such an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item of said account
What motions lie on table
Changing
votes
Questions of
privilege
Proviso
183
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 196 The following shall be the order of business
1 Scripture Reading and Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of the committee on the Journal
4 Reading of the Journal
5 Confirmation of the Journal
6 Unanimous consents
7 Motions to reconsider
8 Reports of standing committees
9 House bills favorably reported for a second reading
10 Unfinished business of previous session
11 Orders of the day
12 On Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call of the counties for the introduction of new matter On Mondays and Wednesdays third reading of Senate bills and resolutions
13 House bills and resolutions for third reading and House bills and resolutions with Senate amendments
14 On Tuesdays House bills on the calendar adversely reported for a second reading
15 On Mondays and Fridays immediately after the call of the counties Senate bills for first and second reading shall be in order
184
16 On Wednesdays immediately after the call of the counties all petitions and reports of committees on petitions shall be in order
17 Bills of Senate for third reading
18 Senate resolutions
19 Report of committees on enrollment may be made at any time
20 After the regular order of business for each day shall have been exhausted House Bills for first and second reading and Senate Bills for first and second reading respectively shall be in order
Unless otherwise ordered by the House no general bills or resolutions shall be in order for a third reading or for reconsideration at Saturdays session General bills or resolutions otherwise in order for reconsideration on Saturday shall stand over until the following Monday
Rule 197 No committee of the House shall consist of more than twentyfive members This rule however shall not apply to the following committees Amendments to the Constitution No 1 Amendments to Constitution No 2 Appropriations Commerce Counties and County Matters Education No 1 Education No 2 Georgia State Sanitarium General Agriculture No 1 General Agriculture No 2 General Judiciary No 1 General Judiciary No 2 Historical Research Legislative and Congressional Reapportionment Motor Vehicles Municipal Government Penitentiary Public Highways No 1 Public Highways No 2 Public Utilities State Prison Farm University System of Georgia Ways and Means Western and Atlantic Railroad
185
COMMITTEES
Rule 198 The Speaker shall appoint the following committees
Academy for the Blind
Amendments to the Constitution No One Amendments to the Constitution No Two Appropriations
Auditing
Aviation
Banks and Banking
Commerce
Conservation
Corporations
Counties and County Matters
Drainage
Education No One
Education No Two
Engrossing
Enrollment
Excuse of Members Absent without Leave
Game and Fish
General Agriculture No One
General Agriculture No Two
General Judiciary No One
General Judiciary No Two
Georgia School for the Deaf
Georgia State Sanitarium
Halls and Rooms
Historical Research
Hygiene and Sanitation
Industrial Relations
Insurance
Invalid Pensions and Soldiers Home
186
Journals
Legislative and Congressional Reapportionment Manufactures
Military Affairs
Mines and Mining
Motor Vehicles
Municipal Government
Penitentiary
Pensions
Privileges and Elections
Privileges of the Floor
Public Highways No One
Public Highways No Two
Public Library
Public Printing
Public Property
Public Utilities
Public Welfare
Railroads
Rules
Sanitarium at Alto
Special Appropriations
Special Judiciary
State of Republic
State Prison Farm
Temperance
Training Schools
Uniform State Laws
University System of Georgia
Ways and Means
Western and Atlantic Railroad
The Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members
187
of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Ways and Means shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
Rule 199 Whenever any bill or resolution has been referred to a committee and the same has been held in the custody or control of such committee for ten days without reporting on same the author of such bill or any member of the House shall have the right immediately after the confirmation of the Journal to give notice that on the next regular meeting of the House he will submit a motion instructing such committee to report such bill back to the House after which on the next regular meeting day of the House any member of the House immediately after the confirmation of the Journal may move to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House and if the motion prevails it shall be the duty of such committee to report such bill or resolution accordingly with or without recommendation as the case may be at the next regular session and upon failure of said Committee to report such bill accordingly the same shall automatically be returned to the House for consideration Debate on said motion to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House shall be limited to twenty minutes unless otherwise ordered by the House and when such bill or resolution is so reported or returned to the House it may be referred or committed as other bills or resolutions Provided that any motion or resolution to set a special order or to change the order of business for any particular day which has been referred to the Committee on Rules may be held in the custody and control of such committee only three days instead of ten days under this rule It shall be the duty of the committee to which any measure providing for an appropriation is referred to report such bill or measure back to the House at least fifteen days prior to the last day of
188
the session regardless of any such notice or motion by the author or any other member
Rule 200 In drawing for seats all members except those who have been permitted by the House to select seats without drawing shall retire to the rear of the Hall The names of all counties printed on separate slips of paper shall be deposited in a box and the box placed on the Clerks desk The names of the counties shall be drawn separately from the box and announced by the Clerk from his desk
When the name of a county is announced the member or members from that county shall come forward to the Clerks desk and secure a desk card with name and county printed thereon and then proceed to select his seat All desks shall be arranged in their proper position on the floor of the House and no desk shall be moved or changed
The Speaker shall have the right to reserve seats for the chairmen of the committees on Appropriations and Ways and Means and for the vicechairman of Committee on Rules before the drawing for seats
189
INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF
Georgia House of Representatives
ABSENTEES Rule No
Auditing Committee duty as to 134
Clerks duty as to 134
Roll call dispensed with when 133
ADJOURN MOTION TO
Committee of whole not in order in 119
Definite time debatable when 57
Effect when motion prevails 60
Motion not debatable56180
Motion not amendable 56
Motion when in order 58
Motion when not in order 59
Precedence of motion 55
Shall not be made second time until when 56
ADJOURNMENT
Constitutional time limit 151
Courtesy to speaker at time of 26
Effect of 60
Effect when hour of arrives when House acting under previous question 61
Effect when hour of arrives during vote by yeas and nays 61
Hour of fixed by House 180
ADVERSE REPORT
Bills and resolutions adversely reported taken up when 41
Debate on final passage 72
Effect of on bills 48
AMENDMENTS
Applicable to an amendment 94
Bills or resolutions amended by sections 102
Bill perfected before caption or preamble 101
Bills perfected before substitute 96
Blanks must be filled 100
Clerks duty in amending by striking out and inserting 104
Committee of whole action on 126
191
Rule No
Committee of whole what reported to House 132
Germane must be 103
Motion to amend how made 94
Motion to commit amendable 92
Motion to postpone indefinitely not amendable 80
Motion to postpone to time definite amendable 85
Motion to table amendment not in order 62
Motion to table not amendable 68
Must be in writing 98
Precedence of motion to amend 55
Priority of amendments 99
Priority of amendments to perfect part proposed to be stricken 105
Priority of over motion to agree or disagree 107
Priority of questions on Senate Amendments to H B 108
Priority of on passage of bill1 188
Senate amendments to H B House amendments in order 106
Senate majority vote to adopt 108a
Reconsidered when 113
Substitute is an amendment 95
When in order 188
When too late97188
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION
Submission to people 160
Convention called 161
APPEALS
From Speakers decision 8
Members may address House 11
No debate when of personal character 9
To be made at once 10
APPLAUSE
Speakers right to suppress 29
APPROPRIATIONS
General bill right of way 41
Governors power over 157
Considered in committee of whole 51
House must originate 144
ATTENDANCE
Call of House 136
Messengers duty 135
Power to compel 135136
Speakers duty 135
192
Rule No
AUDITING COMMITTEE
Absentees duty as to 134
Accounts of members duty as to 195
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Amendments and substitutes bill first perfected 96
Amendments by sections jq2
Amendments to Code sections 14g
Amendments to passed on before those to caption or preamble 101
Appropriations House must originate 144
Clerk to state number and author when reading 41
Clerk to call in order on calendar 41
Committee of whole how read 118
Committee reports favorable effect of 48
Committee reports unfavorable effects of 48
Committee reports order of precedence 53
Corporations laws relating to 148
Engrossment effect of 43
General appropriations what to embrace 150
General laws how changed 447
Governors approval necessary 158
Governors failure to return I57
Governors veto 157
Immediate transmission when 49
Introduction when 47
Printed when 5Q
Reconsideration effect of H4
Rejected when again considered I53
Relief of principals and sureties 14g
Requirements for 52
Speakers duty to commit 43
Special laws prohibited when I47
Subjectmatter only one and expressed in title 145
Unanimous consent for reading 43
Withdrawal of when 43
Majority necessary to pass 139
Debate none at first reading 43
Constitutional requirements as to reading 143
Reading of unanimous consent 43
Reading first no debate 43
Reading constitutional requirement 143
CALL OF HOUSE
Committee of whole not in order H9
Contempt refusal to vote on 14
193
Rule No
When in order14136
When not in order 77
CAPTION
Not considered until bill perfected 101
CHANGE OF VOTES
How done and when 191
CLERK
Absence of speaker and speaker pro tern duty of 7
Absentees duty of 134
Amendments striking out and inserting duty of 104
Bills and resolutions how read committee of whole 118
Bills and resolutions called in order from calendar 41
Bills and resolutions name and authors stated 41
Books duty to care for 171179
Call of counties Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays 40
Journal names not voting duty to enter 174
Oath of prescribed 170
CODE SECTIONS
Amendments to Constitutional requirements 146
COMMITTEES
Amendments by take precedence 188
Appointed by speaker4198
Bills not to be interlined or defaced by 185
Chairmen Appropriation and Ways and Means ExOfficio Members 198
Conference how constituted 187
Report of Conference majority voteis 108a
Conference authority limited 187a
Defaulting committee provision as to 199
Enlarged how 176
Failure of to report provision as to 199
Membership limited 197
Reports of order of precedence 53
Reports of required 199
Reports must be in writing 189
Speaker exofficio member of Rules 4
Speaker to appoint certain committees4198
Rules committee how elected 4
COMMIT MOTION TO
Amended how 92
Applicable to what 8993
Committee of whole not in order 119
Precedence of as among other motions 55
Precedence of as among motions to commit to different committees 90
194
Rule No
COMMITTEE OF WHOLE HOUSE
Amendments by action by House 126
Amendments to amendments how reported to House 132
Appropriation bills considered in 51
Bills read and debated by sections 118
Call of House not in order 119
Chairman appointed by Speaker 117
Chairman power to clear galleries or lobby 128
Debate how limited and closed 120
Disorderly conduct reported 127
Extension of time how secured 121
Formation of 117
House may resolve itself into when H6
Interlineation of bills or resolutions prohibited 185
Journal not show proceedings jgg
Members shall vote 125
Motion to commit to precedence 90
Motion to rise report progress and ask leave to sit again 122
Papers called for 131
Proceedings how closed 122
Proceedings not reported in Journal 130
Procedure when business finished 129
Quorum not present procedure 124
Reconsideration in order 123
Reports of precedence 53
Rules applicable to and exceptions 119
Speaker may resolve House into when 115
Speaker may take part 125
Speaker chairman appointed by 117
CONSTITUTIONAL RULES
Adjournments limited 151
Amendments to Code sections 149
Amendments to Constitution Ign
Appropriation Bills House must originate 144
Appropriation Bill General what to embrace 150
Appropriations Journal to show yeas and nays 141
Bills majority necessary to pass 139
Bills reading of 443
Bills rejected when again considered 153
Bills subjectmatter expressed in title 145
Bills only one subjectmatter permitted 145
Constitutional convention how called 454
Corporations power of General Assembly over 148
County sites how changed or removed 159
195
Rule No
Date of meeting fixed 154
Elections by General Assembly 152
Expulsion of members twothirds vote necessary 155
General laws how changed 147
General appropriation bill what to embrace 150
Governor failure to return billsH 157
Governors signature when required 156158
Governors veto 157
House judges of election and qualification of members 155
Journal must show majority vote 139
Journal must show yeas and nays when required140141142
Local and special bills notice required 163
Members power to punish misconduct of 155
Members oath of prescribed 138
Quorum defined 137
Relief of principals and sureties 149
Salaries of certain officials how changed 162
Special laws prohibited when 147
Subjectmatter bills to contain but one 145
Subjectmatter must be expressed in title 145
Veto of Governor 157
Yeas and nays required when140141142
Yeas and nays Journal to show on Apps 141
Yeas and nays Journal to show where twothirds vote required 142
CONTEMPT
Refusal to vote unless excused on call of House 14
CONTEST
Contestant and contestee to retire when vote taken 22
CONVERSATION
Prohibited 1924
COUNTY SITE
How changed or removed 159
DEBATE
Adjournment decided without 180
Bills first reading no debate 48
Committee of whole regulated 119120
Committee happenings reference to out of order 27
Conversations reference to out of order 27
Conduct of members in 17
Individual speeches limitedj 17
Motion to adjourn not debatable 56
Motion to change rules not debatableT 46
Motion to commit when debatable 91
196
Rule No
Motion to change order of business not debatable 46
Motion to extend members time of speaking not debatable 17
Motion to excuse member from voting not debatable 34
Motion to indefinitely postpone debatable 80
Motion to instruct committee debate limited 199
Motion for previous question not debatable 71
Motion to read papers not debatable 33
Motion to suspend rules not debatable 46
Motion to table not debatable 68
Motion to postpone to time definite what debatable 87
Previous question decided affirmatively debate regulated 72
Priority of business not debatable 16
Roll call no debate durings 30
Senate happenings reference to out of order 27
Yeas and nays decided without debate 181
DISPARAGING REMARKS
Members prohibited from 28
DIVISION
Duty of member calling forjj 37
Motion to excuse from voting to be made before 34
Right to call forI 36
What not divisible 3839
DRAWING FOR SEATS
Regulated 200
ELECTION
House Judge of of members 155
Majority vote necessary 193
ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE
Duties of 172
EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN
Procedure 18
EXPLANATION OF VOTES
When allowed and time limited 32
EXPULSION OF MEMBERS
When 17155
DOORKEEPER
Duty as to enforcement of rule as to intoxication 25
Duty as to messages 164
Speaker may suspend whenw 12
197
Rule No
GALLERIES
Applause to be suppressed 29
Committee of whole chairman may clear 128
Speaker may clear 13
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Meets when 154
Session limited 154
GENERAL APPROPRIATION BILL
Constitutional provision as to what it shall embrace 150
Right of way in order of business41
GENERAL LAWS
How changed 147
GENERAL TAX BILL
Right of way of 41
GOVERNOR
Failure to return bill effect 157
Signature when required156158
Veto 157
HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT
Fixed by House 180
IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO SENATE
Twothirds vote necessary 49
INTOXICATION
Member denied floor while in state of 25
JOURNAL
Absentees shown on 134
Amendments to Constitution yeas and nays must be shown on 160
Appropriation of money yeas and nays shown 141
Committee duty to read 178
Committee of whole proceedings not shown 130
Majority on passage of bills must be shown 139
Names those not voting shown on 174
Yeas and nays to be shown140141
LAUDATORY REMARKS
Prohibited in Nominations 28
LOCAL BILLS
Constitutional requirement as to reading 143
Constitutional requirement as to notice 163
Introduced when 47
Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent 43
198
MAIN QUESTION Rule No
Effect as to when votes had on motion for previous question717274
Minority report time allowed for debate 75
Motion to table supersedes when 70
Reconsideration of 71
When ordered call of House 77
When ordered vote how taken 73
MAJORITY
Bill majority vote necessary to pass 139
Elections majority vote necessary 193
Quorum majority necessary 137
MEMBERS
Adjournment duty of at 26
Arrest subject to when 135136137
Attendance of compelled when135136137
Books and papers duty as to 179
Called to order for transgressing rules 17
Changing votes how and when 191
Committee of whole right to speak 119
Committee of whole duty to vote 125
Conduct in debate 17
Conversation and smoking prohibited 1924
Debate how often to speak 17
Debate individual speeches limited 17
Debate reference to conversations happenings in committee and
Senate prohibited 27
Decorum of1719 242627
Designation of members mode of 20
Exceptions to words of procedure 18
Expulsion of when 17155
Interrogating mode of 21
Intoxication denied floor when in state of 25
Introduction of bills number limited 40
Introduction of bills name and county to be endorsed 52
Laudatory remarks in nominations 28
Member speaking duty of while 26
Misconduct in house and committee of whole127155
Motion may make one at a time 31
Motion must resume seat while being put 31
Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when 35
Oath of prescribed 138
Protests of proceedings 23
Retire when required to 22
Seats drawing for 200
Vote shall not when interested 22
Vote shall exception34225
199
Rule No
MEMORIALS
Manner of presentation 168
MEETING OF HOUSE
Adjournment fixed by House 180
Time of meeting for daily sessions 180
Constitutional provisions 164
MINORITY REPORTS
How made 180
Main question ordered privilege first signer 75
MESSAGES
How sent announced received and considered 165
MESSENGER
Arrest of members a jj135136
Exofficio sergeantatarmsJ 185
Intoxicated member enforcement of rule 25
General duties 183184
Speaker may suspend when 12
MOTIONS
Information from executive department lie on table 190
Nondebatable prohibited when 85
One at a time only 81
Order of priorityr 55
Order of business motion to change not debatable 46
Order of business motion to change vote necessary 54
Read papers motion to decide without debate 33
Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 44
Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted424549
Seconding of unnecessary 172
Special orders motion to make how substituted 45
Strike out and insert motion to not divisible 39
Withdrawn how 167
NEW MATTERS
Call of counties by clerk 40
General bills limited to one a day 40
Information from executive department to lie on table 190
Unanimous consents for 43
NOMINATIONS
Laudatory remarks prohibitedi 28
200
OATHS Rule No
Of Clerk prescribed1 170
Of Members prescribed 138
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Changed how444654
Motion to change not debatable 46
Motion to change vote necessary4454
Priority of establishedr 196
Rules committee to fix during last twentyone days 54
PARLIAMENTARY LAW
Applicable when 194
PETITIONS
Considered when 166
Manner of presentation 168
PREAMBLE
Not considered until resolution perfected 101
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Adjourn motion not in order after affirmative votes on 71
Adjournment effect arrival hour of House acting under 61
Affirmative votes result 71727475
Applicable to what 76
Call of House not in order after ordered except when 77
Call for sustained motion to table in order 70
Exhausted must be before matters of words excepted to decided 18
Precedence of motion 55
POSTPONE
Applicable to what definite and indefinite8188
Committee of whole motion to definitely postpone not in order 119
Debate motion to indefinitely postpone debatable but not amendable 80
Definitely postpone motion to amendable 85
Effect of affirmative action on motion to indefinitely postpone 79
Effect of affirmative action on motion to postpone to time definite 84
Effect of negative action 84
Indefinitely motion to when not applicable 81
Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 86
Indefinitely motion to not renewable 82
Precedence of motion 55
PRIVILEGE
Personal privilege 192
Questions of what constitutes 192
201
Hule No
PRIVILEGES OF FLOOR
Who entitled to 177
PRINTING OF BILLS
When ordered 5q
PROTESTS OF MEMBERS
Procedure 23
QUALIFYING PARAGRAPH
Not a divisible question 38
QUORUM
Constitutional definition 137
READING OF PAPERS
House determines by vote 33
RECONSIDERATION
Amendments when reconsidered 113
Bills notice of motion when given 109
Bills notice not to be withdrawn when HO
Committee of whole motion in order 123
Effect of on bills H4
Main question ordered motion in order to reconsider 71
Motion in order but once on same subject matter 111
Motions when in order H2
REMONSTRANCES
Manner of presentation Igg
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
Committees may report by bill or otherwise 169
Order of precedence of 53
ROLL CALL
Explanation of votes on 32
Debate none during 30
How dispensed with 133
Speaker may order when 15
RULES
Motion to suspend or change decided without debate 46
Suspended or changed howj11 15 16
RULES COMMITTEE
Constituted and elected how 4
Effect of failure to report 45
202
Rule No
Order of business fixed by during last fourteen days 54
Report of in order when 169
Special orders and motions to suspend rules duty to report on4245
SALARIES
Constitutional provision as to changing 162
SEATS
Drawing for regulated 200
SERGEANTATARMS
Call of House duty of 136
Messenger is exofficio 135
SIGNATURE OF SPEAKER AND CLERK
When required 182
SILENCE
Members to preserve when 19
SMOKING
Prohibited 24
SPEAKER
Absence of Speaker pro tern to preside 7
Adjournment members to remain until Speaker retires 26
Appeals from decision of 891011
Appeals from decision of to be made at once 10
Appeals from decision of no debate when 9
Appointment of committees by4198
Appointment of chairman of Committee of Whole 117
Appointment of Conference Committee 187
Attendance power to compel 135
Business priority of decided without debate 16
Chairman Committee of Whole appointed by 117
Committees appointed by4198
Committee of Whole may resolve House into when 115
Committee of Whole assumes chair when 122
Committee of Whole receiving chairmans report 129
Committee of Whole right to take part in 125
Courtesy of members to at adjournment 26
Doorkeeper Speaker may suspend 12
Galleries may be cleared by 13
Interrogation of members conducted through 21
Irrelevant debate power to suspend 1
Members Speaker may name to preside 6
203
Rule No
Members courtesy due by at adjournment 26
Method of stating question by 5
Quorum duty of when no quorum voting1415
Recognition of members decided by 3
Recognition of members for unanimous consent 43
Rules Committee Speaker exofficio member 198
Silence commanded by when 1
Suspension of officers 12
Vote Speaker required to when 2
SPEAKER PRO TEM
Absence of Speaker duty to preside 7
Electionl 7
SPECIAL COMMITTEE
Priority of motion to commit inj 90
SPECIAL LAWS
Notice required 163
Prohibited when 147
SUBJECTMATTER
Bills to contain but one and expressed in title 145
SUBSTITUTE
Amendment is 95
Bill perfected before substitute 96
Motion to table not in order 62
SUSPENSION OF RULES
How accomplished444546
TABLE MOTION TO
Amendment or substitute motion to table not in order 62
Amendment motion to table not subject to 68
Application of what can be laid on table 69
Committee of whole motion not in order 119
Debate motion to table not debatable 68
Effect when motion to table prevails 64
Effect when motion to take from table prevails6365
Effect when motion to take from table prevails where measure tabled
after roll call 66
Executive department information called from tabled one day 190
Main question motion to table in order after motion for previous
question sustained 70
204
Rule No
Main question motion to table not in order after House has voted
that main question shall be now put 70
Motion to take from when in order 63
Previous question motion to table in order after call for sustained 70
Previous question motion to table not in order after main question
ordered 70
Renewal of motions to table and take from when 67
Roll call motion not in order until completion 66
TWOTHIRDS VOTE NECESSARY WHEN
Amendments to Constitution 160
Constitution Convention 161
County Site changed or removed 159
Expulsion of members 155
Governors veto overridden 156157158
Prolongation of session 156
UNANIMOUS CONSENTS
Limitation and regulation of 43
YEAS AND NAYS
Adjournment effect when hour of arrives during vote by 61
Amendments to Constitution 160
Changing votes after call of 191
Committee of whole vote not taken by 119
Explanation of votes when vote taken by 32
Excuse from voting motion must be made before roll call begins 34
Journals to show when140141142
Journal to show names not voting 174
Motion to table when in order when vote taken by 66
Required when 73140141142
Speaker may order when no quorum voting 15
205
CONSTITUTION
OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF STATE CONSTITUTIONS 208
ARTICLE IBill of Rights209212
ARTICLE IIElective Franchise212215
ARTICLE IIILegislative Department 215225
ARTICLE IVPower of General Assembly over Taxation225226
ARTICLE VExecutive Department 227231
ARTICLE VIJudiciary 231242
ARTICLE VIIFinance Taxation and Public Debt 242251
ARTICLE VIIIEducation 251253
ARTICLE IXHomestead and Exemption 253255
ARTICLE XMilitia 255
ARTICLE XICounties and County Officers255258
ARTICLE XIIThe Laws of General Operation in Force in this
State258259
ARTICLE XIIIAmendments to the Constitution1 259260
ORDINANCES 261263
Tabulation of Amendments Proposed264272
Supplement to State Constitution 272
Chronological Analysis 273
CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF ORGANIC ACTS AND STATE CONSTITUTIONS OF GEORGIA
Charter of the Colony of Georgia 1732
Grant of George II King of Great Britain
Constitution of 1777
Constitutional Convention Oct 1 1776Feb 5 1777
Constitution of 1789
Constitutional Convention Nov 424 1788 Jan 420 1789 May 46 1789 May 16 1795
Constitution of 1798
Constitutional Convention May 830 1798
Constitution of 1861
Constitutional Convention Jan 16March 23 1861
Constitution of 1865
Constitutional Convention Oct 25Nov 8 1865
Constitution of 1868
Constitutional Convention Dec 9 1867March 11 1868
Constitution of 1877
Constitutional Convention July 11 1877August 25 1877
208

f
I
CONSTITUTION
OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
1877 as amended
PREAMBLE
To perpetuate the principles of free government insure justice to all preserve peace promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty we the people of Georgia relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God do ordain and establish this Constitution
ARTICLE I
Bill of Rights Section I
Paragraph I All government of right originates with the people is founded upon their will only and is instituted solely for the good of the whole Public officers are the trustees and servants of the people and at all times amenable to them
Par II Protection to person and property is the paramount duty of government and shall be impartial and complete
Par III No person shall be deprived of life liberty or property except by due process of law
Par IV No person shall be deprived of the right to prosecute or defend his own cause in any of the courts of this State in person by attorney or both
Par V Every person charged with an offense against the laws of this State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel shall be furnished on demand with a copy of the accusation and a list of the witnesses on whose testimony the charge against him is founded shall have compulsory process to obtain the testimony of his own witnesses shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him and shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury
Par VI No person shall be compelled to give testimony tending in any manner to criminate himself
209
Art 1 Sec 1 Par 7
Par VII Neither banishment beyond the limits of the State nor whipping as a punishment for crime shall be allowed
Par VIII No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty more than once for the same offense save on his or her own motion for a new trial after conviction or in case of mistrial
Par IX Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted nor shall any person be abused in being arrested while under arrest or in prison
Par X No person shall be compelled to pay costs except after conviction on final trial
Par XI The writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended
Par XII All men have the natural and inalienable right to worship God each according to the dictates of his own conscience and no human authority should in any case control or interfere with such right of conscience
Par XIII No inhabitant of this State shall be molested in person or property or prohibited from holding any public office or trust on account of his religious opinions but the right of liberty of conscience shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the State
Par XIV No money shall ever be taken from the public treasury directly or indirectly in aid of any church sect or denomination of religionists or of any sectarian institution
Par XV No law shall ever be passed to curtail or restrain the liberty of speech or of the press any person may speak write and publish his sentiments on all subjects being responsible for the abuse of that liberty
Par XVI The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the persons or things to be seized
Par XVII There shall be within the State of Georgia neither slavery nor involuntary servitude save as a punishment for crime after legal conviction thereof
Par XVIII The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject of legislation
Par XIX The civil authority shall be superior to the military and no soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner nor in time of war except by the civil magistrate in such manner as may be provided by law
Par XX The power of the courts to punish for contempts shall be limited by legislative acts
Par XXI There shall be no imprisonment for debt
Par XXII The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the manner in which arms may be borne
210
Art 1 Sec 1 Par 23
Par XXIII The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided
Par XXIV The people have the right to assemble peaceably for their common good and to apply to those vested with the powers of government for redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance
Par XXV All citizens of the United States resident in this State are hereby declared citizens of this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact such laws as will protect them in the full enjoyment of the rights privileges and immunities due to such citizenship
Section II
Paragraph I In all prosecutions or indictments for libel the truth may be given in evidence and the jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law and the facts The power of the judges to grant new trials in case of conviction is preserved
Par II Treason against the State of Georgia shall consist in levying war against her adhering to her enemies giving them aid and comfort No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or confession in open court
Par III No conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate
Par IV All lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets are hereby prohibited and this prohibition shall be enforced by penal laws
Par V Lobbying is declared to be a crime and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par VI The General Assembly shall have the power to provide for the punishment of fraud and shall provide by law for reaching property of the debtor concealed from the creditor
Section III
Paragraph I In cases of necessity private ways may be granted upon just compensation being first paid by the applicant Private property shall not be taken or damaged for public purposes without just and adequate compensation being first paid
Par II No bill of attainder ex post facto law retroactive law or law impairing the obligation of contracts or making irrevocable grants of special privileges or immunities shall be passed
Par III No grant of special privileges or immunities shall be revoked except in such manner as to work no injustice to the corporators or creditors of the incorporation
211
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
Section IV
Paragraph I Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Par II Legislative acts in violation of this Constitution or the Constitution of the United States are void and the judiciary shall so declare them
Section V
Paragraph I The people of this State have the inherent sole and exclusive right of regulating their internal government and the police thereof and of altering and abolishing their Constitution whenever it may be necessary to their safety and happiness
Par II The enumeration of rights herein contained as a part of this Constitution shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent rights which they may have hitherto enjoyed
ARTICLE II
Elective Franchise Section I
Paragraph I After the year 1908 elections by the people shall be by ballot and only those persons shall be allowed to vote who have been first registered in accordance with the requirements of law
Par II Every male citizen of this State who is a citizen of the United States twentyone years old or upwards not laboring under any of the disabilities named in this Article and possessing the qualifications provided by it shall be an elector and entitled to register and vote at any election by the people Provided that no soldier sailor or marine in the military or naval services of the United States shall acquire the rights of an elector by reason of being stationed on duty in this State
Par III To entitle a person to register and vote at any election by the people he shall have resided in the State one year next preceding the election and in the County in which he offers to vote six months next preceding the election and shall have paid all poll taxes that he may have had an opportunity of paying agreeably to law Such payment must have been made at least six months prior to the election at which he offers to vote except when such elections are held within six months from the expiration of the time fixed by law for the payment of such taxes
212
Art 2 Sec 1 Par 4
Par IV Every male citizen of this State shall be entitled to register as an elector and to vote in all elections in said State who is not disqualified under the provisions of Section 2 of Article 2 of this Constitution and who possess the qualifications prescribed in Paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section or who will possess them at the date of the election occurring next after his registration and who in addition thereto comes within either of the classes provided for in the five following subdivisions of this paragraph
1 All persons who have honorably served in the land or naval forces of the United States in the Revolutionary War or in the War of 1812 or in the War with Mexico or in any War with the Indians or in the War between the States or in the War with Spain or who honorably served in the land or naval forces of the Confederate States or of the State of Georgia in the War between the States or
2 All persons lawfully descended from those embraced in the classes enumerated in the subdivision next above or
3 All persons who are of good character and understand the duties and obligations of citizenship under a republican form of government or
4 All persons who can correctly read in the English language any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State and correctly write the same in the English language when read to them by any one of the registrars and all persons who solely because of physical disability are unable to comply with the above requirements but who can understand and give a reasonable interpretation of any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State that may be read to them by any one of the registrars or
5 Any person who is the owner in good faith in his own right of at least forty acres of land situated in this State upon which he resides or is the owner in good faith in his own right of property situated in this State and assessed for taxation at the value of 50000
Par V The right to register under Subdivisions 1 and 2 of Paragraph 4 shall continue only until January 1st 1915 But the registrars shall prepare a roster of all persons who register under Subdivisions 1 and 2 of Paragraph 4 and shall return the same to the clerks office of the superior court of their counties and the clerks of the superior court shall send copies of the same to the Secretary of State and it shall be the duty of these officers to record and permanently preserve these rosters Any person who has been once registered under either of the Subdivisions 1 or 2 of Paragraph 4 shall thereafter be permitted to vote Provided he meets the requirements of Paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section
Par VI Any person to whom the right of registration is denied by the registrars upon the ground that he lacks the qualifications set forth in the five subdivisions of Paragraph 4 shall have the right to take an appeal and any citizen may enter an appeal from the decision of the registrars allowing any person to register under said subdivisions All appeals
213
Art 2 Sec 1 Par 6
Hfl
must be filed in writing with the registrars within ten days from the date of the decision complained of and shall be returned by the registrars to the office of the clerk of the superior court to be tried as other appeals
Par VII Pending an appeal and until the final decision of the case the judgment of the registrars shall remain in full force
Par VIII No person shall be allowed to participate in a primary of any political party or a convention of any political party in this State who is not a qualified voter
Par IX The machinery provided by law for the registration of force October 1st 1908 shall be used to carry out the provisions of this Section except where inconsistent with same the legislature may change or amend the registration laws from time to time but no such change or amendment shall operate to defeat any of the provisions of this Section
Section II
Paragraph I The General Assembly may provide from time to time for the registration of all electors but the following classes of persons shall not be permitted to register vote or hold any office or appointment of honor or trust in this State towit 1st Those who shall have been convicted in any court of competent jurisdiction of treason against the State of embezzlement of public funds malfeasance in office bribery or larceny or of any crime involving moral turpitude punishable by the laws of this State with imprisonment in the penitentiary unless such persons have been pardoned 2d Idiots and insane persons
Section III
Paragraph I Electors shall in all cases except for treason felony larceny and breach of the peace be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections and in going to and returning from the same
Section IV
Paragraph I No person who is the holder of any public money contrary to law shall be eligible to any office in this State until the same is accounted for and paid into the treasury
Par II No person who after the adoption of this Constitution being a resident of this State shall have been convicted of fighting a duel in this State or convicted of sending or accepting a challenge or convicted of aiding or abetting such duel shall hold office in this State unless he shall have been pardoned and every such person shall also be subject to such punishment as may be prescribed by law
Section V
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall by law forbid the sale distribution or furnishing of intoxicating drinks within two miles of elec
214
Art 2 Sec 5t Par 1
tion precincts on days of electionState county or municipaland prescribe punishment for any violation of the same
Section VI
Paragraph I Returns of elections for all civil officers elected by the people who are to be commissioned by the Governor and also for the members of the General Assembly shall be made to the Secretary of State unless otherwise provided by law
ARTICLE III
Legislative Department Section I
Paragraph I The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and a House of Representatives
Section II
Paragraph I The Senate shall consist of fiftytwo members There shall be fiftytwo Senatorial Districts as now arranged by counties Each District shall have one Senator
Par II The First Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Chatham Bryan and Effingham
The Second Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Liberty Tattnall McIntosh and Long
The Third Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wayne Appling Jeff Davis and Brantley
The Fourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Glynn Camden and Charlton
The Fifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Ware Clinch and Atkinson
The Sixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Echols Lowndes Berrien Cook and Lanier
The Seventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Brooks Thomas and Grady
The Eighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Decatur Mitchell Miller and Seminole
The Ninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Early Calhoun and Baker
The Tenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dougherty Lee and Worth
The Eleventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clay Randolph and Terrell
The Twelfth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Stewart Webster and Quitman
215
Art 3 Sec 2 Par 2
The Thirteenth Senatorial District shall he composed of the counties of Sumter Schley and Macon
The Fourteenth Senatorial District shall he composed of the counties of Dooly Pulaski and Bleckley
The Fifteenth Senatorial District shall he composed of the counties of Wheeler Montgomery and Toombs
The Sixteenth Senatorial District shall be composed pf the counties of Laurens Emanuel Johnson and Treutlen
The Seventeenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Screven Jenkins and Burke
The Eighteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Richmond Glascock and Jefferson
The Nineteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Taliaferro Greene and Warren
The Twentieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Baldwin Hancock and Washington
The Twentyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Twiggs Wilkinson and Jones
The Twentysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bibb Monroe Pike and Lamar
The Twentythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Houston Crawford Taylor and Peach
The Twentyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Muscogee Marion and Chattahoochee
The Twentyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Harris Upson and Talbot
The Twentysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Spalding Butts and Fayette
The Twentyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Barrow Walton and Oconee
The Twentyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Jasper Putnam and Morgan
The Twentyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Columbia Lincoln and McDuffie
The Thirtieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Elbert Madison and Hart
The Thirtyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Franklin Habersham and Stephens
The Thirtysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of White Dawson and Lumpkin
The Thirtythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hall Banks and Jackson
The Thirtyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of DeKalb Rockdale and Newton
The Thirtyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clayton and Henry
216
Art 3 Sec 2 Par 2
The Thirtysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Coweta and Meriwether
The Thirtyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Carroll Heard and Troup
The Thirtyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Haralson Polk and Paulding
The Thirtyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Cherokee Cobb and Douglas
The Fortieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Union Towns and Rabun
The Fortyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Pickens Fannin and Gilmer
The Fortysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bartow Floyd and Chattooga
The Fortythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Murray Gordon and Whitfield
The Fortyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Walker Dade and Catoosa
The Fortyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Irwin Ben Hill and Telfair
The Fortysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bacon Pierce and Coffee
The Fortyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Colquitt Tift and Turner
The Fortyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Crisp Wilcox and Dodge
The Fortyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bulloch Candler and Evans
The Fiftieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clarke Oglethorpe and Wilkes
The Fiftyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Gwinnett and Forsyth
The Fiftysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the county of Fulton
Par III The General Assembly may change these districts after each census of the United States Provided that neither the number of districts nor the number of Senators from each district shall be increased
Section III
Paragraph I The House of Representatives shall consist of Representatives apportioned among the several counties of the State as such counties are marked and defined and as the same may be hereafter created as follows To the eight counties having the largest population three Representatives each to the thirty counties having the next largest population two Representatives each and the remaining counties one Representative each including the new counties of Lanier Seminole Brantley Long and Lamar In the event of the ratification of this amendment to
217
the Constitution and in the event of the ratification of the amendments to the Constitution creating the counties of Lanier Seminole and Brantley or either of them the said counties so created shall also be entitled to representation in the General Assembly In the event of a ratification of the amendments creating the counties of Lanier Seminole and Brantley or either of them an election shall be held in such county or counties on the first Tuesday in January 1921 under the laws now governing similar elections for members of the General Assembly for the election of a member of the General Assembly from said county or counties for the session of 1921 and 1922
Pr II Omitted Par I above repeals by implication
Section IV
Paragraph I The members of the General Assembly shall be elected for two years and shall serve until the time fixed by law for the convening of the next General Assembly The provisions of this Paragraph Section and Article shall apply to the terms of the members of the General Assembly who were elected at the general election for members of the General Assembly in the year 1912
P The first election for members of the General Assembly under this Constitution shall take place on the first Wednesday in December 1877 the second election for the same shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and subsequent elections biennially on that day until the day of election is changed by law
Par III The General Assembly shall meet on the second Monday January 1933 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the day shall be changed by law Such session shall continue no longer than ten 10 days and the only business which shall be transacted thereat shall be the election of officers of the General Assembly and the organization of same the inauguration of the Governorelect and other StateHouse officers whose terms of office run concurrently with that of the Governor the election or appointment of committees of each house the election of the Governor and other StateHouse officers in the event of no election by the people as under the present provisions of this Constitution the decision of contested elections for Governor and other officers as under present provisions of the Constitution and the introduction and first reading of bills and resolutions the impeachment of public officers and trial thereof Provided that if at the end of ten 10 days an election or contest or actual trial of impeachment is pending the session may be prolonged until all such officers shall be elected so declared and finally inaugurated or installed in office
The General Assembly shall reconvene in regular session on the second Monday after the 4th of July 1933 and biennially thereafter on the same date until the date shall be changed by law No such regular session of the General Assembly shall continue longer than sixty days
218
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3
Provided that if an impeachment trial is pending at the end of sixty 60 days the session may be prolonged until completion of said trial Provided further that the General Assembly by concurrent resolution adopted by the votes of a majority of a quorum of House and Senate during said special session above provided for and approved by the Governor is hereby authorized to fix a date for reconvening in regular session prior to date above provided for in lieu of the date definitely fixed hereinabove
The terms of the present incumbents of the offices of Governor and those which are for the same as the Governor shall expire upon the inauguration of the Governor at the first biennial session held under the provisions hereof in January 1933
Par IV A majority of each house shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each house may provide
Par V Each senator and representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interests and prosperity of this State
Par VI Superseded by Amendment to Art 3Sec 4Par 3 Nov 4 1924
Par VII No person holding a military commission or other appointment or office having any emolument or compensation annexed thereto under this State or the United States or either of them except Justices of the Peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either house nor shall any senator or representative after his qualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without the advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment having any emolument annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected
Par VIII The seat of a member of either house shall be vacated on his removal from the district or county from which he was elected
Section V
Paragraph I The senators shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyfive years and who shall have been citizens of this State for four years and for one year residents of the district from which elected
Par II The presiding officer of the Senate shall be styled the President of the Senate and shall be elected viva voce from the senators
Par III The Senate shall have the sole power to try impeachments
219
Art 3 Sec 5 Par 4
Par IV When sitting for that purpose the members shall be on oath or affirmation and shall be presided over by the Chief Justice or the Presiding Justice of the Supreme Court Should the Chief Justice be disqualified the Senate shall select the judge of the Supreme Court to preside No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of twothirds of the members present
Par V Judgments in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor trust or profit within this State but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment trial judgment and punishment according to law
Section VI
Paragraph I The representatives shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyone years and who shall have been citizens of this State for two years and for one year residents of the counties from which elected
Par II The presiding officer of the House of Representatives shall be styled the Speaker of the House of Representatives and shall be elected viva voce from the body
Par III The House of Representatives shall have the sole power to impeach all persons who shall have been or may be in office
Section VII
Paragraph I Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Par II Each House may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its presence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either House
Par III The members of both Houses shall be free from arrest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in going thereto or returning therefrom except for treason felony larceny or breach of the peace and no member shall be liable to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either House
Par IV Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings and publish it immediately after its adjournment
Par V The original journal shall be preserved after publication in the office of the Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof
220
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6
Par VI The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the journal
Par VII Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection but the first and second reading of each local bill and bank and railroad charters shall consist of reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed
Par VIII No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subjectmatter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Par IX The general appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the executive legislative and judicial departments of the government payment of the public debt and interest thereon and the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Par X All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Par XI No money shall be drawn from the treasury except by appropriation made by law and a regular statement and account of the receipt and expenditure of all public money shall be published every three months and also with the laws passed by each session of the General Assembly
Par XII No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each house are recorded
Par XIII All acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Par XIV No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance so appear on the Journal
Par XV By an Act approved September 24 1885 an amendment to the Constitution was submitted to vote of the people in October 1886 and adopted whereby the original of this paragraph was stricken from the Constitution
Par XVI No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where matter or things to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into
221
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16
the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such acts shall be passed
Par XVII No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Par XVIII The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the courts it may confer this authority to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to the Judges of the Superior Courts of this State in vacation All corporate powers and privileges to banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law and if in any event the Secretary of State should be disqualified to act in any case then in that event the legislature shall provide by general laws by what person such charters shall be granted
Par XIX The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Par XX The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passengerrailway within the limits of any incorporated town or city without the consent of the corporate authorities
Par XXI Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passing of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Par XXII The General Assembly shall have power to make all laws and ordinances consistent with this Constitution and not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States which they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of the State
Par XXIII No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Par XXIV Neither house shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of a disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
223
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 25
Par XXV The General Assembly of the State shall have authority to grant to the governing authorities of the Cities of Atlanta Savannah Macon Augusta Columbus LaGrange Brunswick Waycross Albany Athens Rome Darien Dublin Decatur Valdosta Quitman Newnan Thomaston and East Thomaston Moultrie Dalton Forsyth Milledgeville Cordele Carrollton Eastman Fort Valley and McRae and cities having a population of 25000 or more inhabitants according to the United States census of 1920 or any future census authority to pass zoning and planning laws whereby such cities may be zoned or for various uses and other or different uses prohibited therein and regulating the use for which said zones or districts may be set apart and regulating the plans for development and improvement of real estate therein The General Assembly is given general authority to authorize the Cities of Atlanta Savannah Macon Augusta Columbus LaGrange Brunswick Waycross Albany Rome Darien Dublin Decatur Valdosta Quitman Newnan Thomaston and East Thomaston Moultrie Dalton Forsyth Milledgeville Cordele Carrollton Eastman Fort Valley and McRae and cities having a population of 25000 or more inhabitants according to the United States Census of 1920 or any future census to pass zoning and planning laws
Par XXVI The General Assembly of the State shall have authority to grant to the governing authorities of the County of Glynn authority to pass zoning and planning laws whereby such county may be zoned or districted for various uses and other and different uses prohibited therein to regulate the uses for which said zones or districts may be set apart and to regulate the plans for development and improvement of real estate therein The General Assembly is given general authority to authorize such county to pass zoning and planning laws and to levy and collect a tax therefor and as the date of the ratification hereof acts of the General Assembly heretofore passed undertaking to grant such authority to such county and acts of the county authorities regularly done pursuant to such Acts of the General Assembly are hereby ratified and confirmed
The General Assembly of the State shall have the authority to grant to the governing authorities of any city or county in this state having a population of 1000 or more according to the Federal census of 1930 or any such future census the authority to pass zoning and planning laws whereby such cities or counties may be zoned or districted for various uses and other or different uses prohibited therein and to regulate the use for which said zones or districts may be set apart and to regulate the plans for development and improvement of real estate therein
Section VIII
Paragraph I The officers of the two houses other than the President and Speaker shall be a secretary of the Senate and clerk of the House of Representatives and such assistants as they may appoint but the
223
Art 3 Sec 8 Par 1
clerical expenses of the Senate shall not exceed sixty dollars per day for each session nor those of the House of Representatives seventy dollars per day for each session The secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the House of Representatives shall be required to give bond and security for the faithful discharge of their respective duties
Section IX
Paragraph I The perdiem of the members of the General Assembly shall not exceed seven dollars and mileage shall not exceed ten cents for each mile traveled by the nearest practicable route in going and returning from the Capital but the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall each receive not exceeding ten dollars per day
Section X
Paragraph I All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
Section XI
Paragraph I All property of the wife at the time of her marriage and all property given to inherited or acquired by her shall remain her separate property and not be liable for the debts of her husband
Section XII
Paragraph I All life insurance companies now doing business in this State or which may desire to establish agencies and do business in the State of Georgia chartered by other States of the Union or foreign States shall show that they have deposited with the ComptrollerGeneral of the State in which they are chartered or of this State the Insurance Commissioner or such other officer as may be authorized to receive it not less than one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by such officer equivalent to cash subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of policyholders
Par II When such showing is made to the ComptrollerGeneral of the State of Georgia by a proper certificate from the State officials having charge of the funds so deposited the ComptrollerGeneral of the State of Georgia is authorized to issue to the company making such show
a license to do business in the State upon paying the fees required by
law
224
Art 3 Sec 12 Par 3
Par III All life insurance companies chartered by the State of Georgia or which may hereafter be chartered by the State shall before doing business deposit with the ComptrollerGeneral of the State of Georgia or with some strong corporation which may be approved by said ComptrollerGeneral one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by him equivalent to cash to be subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of the policyholders of the company making such deposit all interests and dividends arising from such securities to be paid when due to the company so depositing Any such securities as may be needed or desired by the company may be taken from said department at any time by replacing them with other securities equally acceptable to the ComptrollerGeneral whose certificate for the same shall be furnished to the company
Par IV The General Assembly shall from time to time enact laws to compel all fire insurance companies doing business in this State whether chartered by this State or otherwise to deposit reasonable securities with the Treasurer of this State to secure the people against loss by the operations of said companies
Par V The General Assembly shall compel all insurance companies in this State or doing business therein under proper penalties to make semiannual reports to the Governor and print the same at their own expense for the information and protection of the people
ARTICLE IV
Power of the General Assembly Over Taxation Section I
Paragraph I The right of taxation is a sovereign right inalienable indestructible is the life of the State and rightfully belongs to the people in all Republican governments and neither the General Assembly nor any nor all other departments of the Government established by this Constitution shall ever have the authority to irrevocably give grant limit or restrain this right and all laws grants contracts and all other acts whatsoever by said government or any department thereof to effect any of these purposes shall be and are hereby declared to be null and void for every purpose whatsoever and said right of taxation shall always be under the complete control of and revocable by the State notwithstanding any gift grant or contract whatsoever by the General Assembly
Section II
Paragraph I The power and authority of regulating railroad freights and passenger tariffs preventing unjust discriminations and requiring reasonable and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs are hereby con
225
Art 4 Sec 2 Par 1
ferred upon the General Assembly whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time to regulate freight and passenger tariffs to prohibit unjust discriminations on the various railroads of this State and to prohibit said roads from charging other than just and reasonable rates and enforce the same by adequate penalties
The exercise of the right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the General Assembly from taking the property and franchises of incorporated companies and subjecting them to public use the same as property of individuals and the exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit corporations to conduct their business in such a manner as to infringe the equal rights of individuals or the general wellbeing of the State
Par III The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation now existing nor alter or amend the same nor pass any other general or special law for the benefit of said corporation except upon the condition that such corporation shall thereafter hold its charter sub ect to the provisions of this Constitution and every amendment of any charter of any corporation in this State or any special law for its benefit accepted thereby shall operate as a novation of said charter and shall bring the same under the provisions of this Constitution Provided That this section shall not extend to any amendment for the purpose of allowing any existing road to take stock in or aid in the building of any branch road
Par IV The General Assembly of this State shall have no power to authorize any corporation to buy shares or stock in any other corporation in this State or elsewhere or to make any contract or agreement whatever with any such corporation which may have the effect or be intended to have the effect to defeat or lessen competition in their respective business or to encourage monopoly and all such contracts and agreements shall be illegal and void
Par V No railroad company shall give or pay any rebate or bonus in the nature thereof directly or indirectly or do any act to mislead or deceive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freights or passage and any such payments shall be illegal and void and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties
Par VI No provisions of this Article shall be deemed held or taken to impair the obligation of any contract heretofore made by the State of Georgia
Par VII The General Assembly shall enforce the provisions of this Article by appropriate legislation
226
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 1
ARTICLE V
Executive Department Section I
Paragraph I The officers of the Executive Department shall consist of a Governor Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer
Par II The Executive power shall be vested in a Governor who shall hold his office during the term of two years and until his successor shall be chosen and qualified He shall not be eligible to reelection after the expiration of a second term for the period of four years He shall have a salary of three thousand dollars per annum until otherwise provided by a law passed by a twothirds vote of both branches of the General Assembly which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected nor shall he receive within that time any other emolument from the United States or either of them or from any foreign power But this reduction of salary shall not apply to the present term of the present Governor
Par III The first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and the Governorelect shall be installed in office at the next session of the General Assembly An election shall take place biennially thereafter on said day until another date be fixed by the General Assembly Said election shall be held at the places of holding general elections in the several counties of this State in the manner prescribed for the election of members of the General Assembly and the electors shall be the same
Par IV The returns for every election of Governor shall be sealed up by the managers separately from other returns and directed to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives and transmitted to the Secretary of State who shall without opening said returns cause the same to be laid before the Senate on the day after the two Houses shall have been organized and they shall be transmitted by the Senate to the House of Representatives
Par V The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall convene in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives shall open and publish the returns in the presence and under the direction of the General Assembly and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Governor of this State but if no person shall have such majority then from the two persons having the highest number of votes who shall be in life and shall not decline an election at the time appointed for the General Assembly to elect the General Assembly shall immediately elect a Governor viva voce and in all cases of election of a Governor by the General Assembly a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
227
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 6
Par VI Contested elections shall be determined by both Houses of the General Assembly in such manner as shall be prescribed by law
Par VII No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor who shall not have been a citizen of the United States fifteen years and a citizen of the State six years and who shall not have attained the age of thirty years
Par VIII In case of the death resignation or disability of the Governor the President of the Senate shall exercise the executive powers of the government until such disability be removed or a successor is elected apd qualified And in case of the death resignation or disability of the President of the Senate the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall exercise the executive powers of the government until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor
Par IX The General Assembly shall have power to provide by law for filling unexpired terms by special elections
Par X The Governor shall before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation I do solemnly swear or affirm as the case may be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and will to the best of my ability preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof and the Constitution of the United States of America
Par XI The Governor shall be commanderinchief of the army and navy of this State and the militia thereof
Par XII He shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons to commute penalties remove disabilities imposed by law and to remit any part of a sentence for offenses against the State after conviction except in cases of treason and impeachment subject to such regulations as may be provided by law relative to the manner of applying for pardons Upon conviction for treason he may suspend the execution of the sentence and report the case to the General Assembly at the next meeting thereof when the General Assembly shall either pardon commute the sentence direct its execution or grant a further reprieve He shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body each case of reprieve pardon or commutation granted stating the name of the convict the offense for which he was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the reprieve pardon or commutation and the reasons for granting the same He shall take care that the laws are faithfully executed and shall be a conservator of the peace throughout the State
Par XIII He shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate or House of Representatives and shall give the General Assembly from time to time information of the state of the Commonwealth and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expedient He shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions but no law shall be enacted
228
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 13
at call sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them
Provided however that when threefifths of the members elected to the House of Representatives and threefifths of the members elected to the Senate hall have certified to the Governor of the State of Georgia that in their opinion an emergency exists in the affairs of the State of Georgia it sVia11 thereupon be the duty of said Governor and mandatory upon him within five 5 days from the receipt of such certificate or certificates to convene said General Assembly in extraordinary session for all purposes and in the event said Governor shall within said time Sundays excluded fail or refuse to convene said General Assembly as aforesaid then and in that event said General Assembly may convene itself in extraordinary session as if convened in regular session for all purposes provided that such extraordinary selfconvened session shall be limited to a period of thirty 30 days unless at the expiration of said period there shall be pending an impeachment trial of some officer of the State Government in which event the General Assembly shall be authorized to remain in session until such trial shall have been completed
Par XIV When any office shall become vacant by death resignation or otherwise the Governor shall have power to fill such vacancy unless otherwise provided by law and persons so appointed shall continue in office until a successor is commissioned agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution or by law in pursuance thereof
Par XV A person once rejected by the Senate shall not be reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter
Par XVI The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a law notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sundays excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Par XVII Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each House
Par XVIII He may require information in writing from the officers in the Executive Department on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices It shall be the duty of the Governor quarterly and oftener if he deems it expedient to examine under oath the Treasurer
229
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 18
and ComptrollerGeneral of the State on all matters pertaining to their respective offices and to inspect and review their books and accounts The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of either of said officers from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same
Par XIX The Governor shall have the power to appoint his own secretaries not exceeding two in number and to provide such other clerical force as may be required in his office but the total cost for salaries and clerical force in his office shall not exceed the sum of ten thousand dollars 1000000 and this sum shall not be exceeded either directly or indirectly for any services rendered the Governor in the way of clerical assistance or in any other manner
Section II
Paragraph I The secretary of the State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer shall be elected by persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor The provisions of the Constitution as to the transmission of the returns of election counting the votes declaring the result deciding when there is no election and when there is a contested election applicable to the election of Governor shall apply to the election of Secretary of State comptrollergeneral and treasurer they shall be commissioned by the Governor and hold their offices for the same time as the Governor
Par II The General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the duties authority and salaries of the Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer and to provide help and expenses necessary for the operation of the department of each
Par Ill and IV stricken out by amendment to Art 5 Sec 2 Acts 1927 p 121
Par V The Treasurer shall not be allowed directly or indirectly to receive any fee interest or reward from any person bank or corporation for the deposit or use in any manner of the public funds and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par VI No person shall be eligible to the office of secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral or Treasurer unless he shall have been a citizen of the United States for ten years and shall have resided in this State for six years next preceding his election and shall be twentyfive years of age when elected All of said officers shall give bond and security under regulations to be prescribed by law for the faithful discharge of their duties
Par VII The secretary of State the ComptrollerGeneral and the Treasurer shall not be allowed any fee perquisite or compensation other
230
Art 5 Sec 2 Par 7
than their salaries as prescribed by law except their necessary expenses when absent from the seat of government on business for the State
Section III
Paragraph I The great seal of the State shall be deposited in the office of the Secretary of State and shall not be affixed to any instrument of writing except by order of the Governor or General Assembly and that now in use shall be the great seal of the State until otherwise provided by law
ARTICLE VI
Judiciary
Section I
Paragraph I The judicial powers of this State shall be Supreme Court a Court of Appeals superior courts courts justices of the peace commissioned notaries public and such as have been or may be established by law
Section II
Paragraph I The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and five Associate Justices A majority of the court shall constitute a quorum
Par II When one or more of the judges of the Supreme Court are disqualified from deciding any case by interest or otherwise the qualified justices shall designate a judge or judges of the Superior Court to preside in said case
Par III No judge of any court shall preside in any case where the validity of any bondFederal State corporation or municipalis involved who holds in his own right or as the representative of others anjmaterial interests in the class of bonds upon which the question to be decided arises
Par IV The Chief Justice and Associate Justices shall hold their offices for six years and until their successors are qualified A successor to the incumbent whose term will soonest expire shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1880 a successor to the incumbent whose term of office is next in duration shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1882 and a successor to the third incumbent shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1884 but appointments to fill vacancies shall only be for the unexpired term or until such vacancies are filled by elections agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution
Par V The Supreme Court shall have no original jurisdiction but shall be a court alone for the trial and correction of errors of law from the
vested in a of ordinary other courts
231
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 5
superior courts and the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases that involve the construction of the Constitution of the State of Georgia or of the United States or of treaties between the United States and foreign governments in all cases in which the constitutionality of any law of the State of Georgia or of the United States is drawn in question and until otherwise provided by law in all cases respecting titles to land in all equity cases in all cases which involve the validity of or the construction of wills in all cases of conviction of a capital felony in all habeascorpus cases m all cases involving extraordinary remedies in all divorce and alimony cases and in all cases certified to it by the Court of Appeals for its determination It shall also be competent for the Supreme Court to require by certiorari or otherwise any case to be certified to the Supreme Court from the Court of Appeals for review and determination with the same power and authority as if the case had been carried by writ of error to the Supreme Court Any case carried to the Supreme Court or to the Court of Appeals which belongs to the class of which the other court has jurisdiction shall until otherwise provided by law be transferred to the other court under such rules as the Supreme Court may prescribe and the cases so transferred shall be heard and determined by the court which has jurisdiction thereof
Par VI The Supreme Court shall dispose of every case at the first or second term after such writ of error is brought and in case the plaintiff in error shall not be prepared at the first term to prosecute the case unless prevented by providential causeit shall be stricken from the docket and the judgment below shall stand affirmed Provided that if the transmittal of the record be unavoidably delayed by reason of the illness or death of the clerk of the trial court or of some member of his family so that the case has not been docketed in the Supreme Court before the close of the docket of the term to which it is by law returnable the facts causing such unavoidable delay to be certified by the clerk in commission and by a judge of the trial court the case shall be heard at the next term which shall be regarded as its first term
Par VII In any case the court may in its discretion withhold its judgment until the next term after the same is argued
Par VIII The Supreme Court shall hereafter consist of a Chief Justice and five Associate Justices The court shall have power to hear and determine cases when sitting either in a body or in two divisions of three judges each under such regulations as may be prescribed by the General Assembly A majority of either division shall constitute a quorum for that division The Chief Justice and the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court shall hereafter be elected by the people at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor and the Statehouse officers are elected except that the first election under this amendment shall be held on the third Wednesday in December 1896 at which time one Associate
232
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 8
Justice shall be elected for a full term of six years to fill the vacancy occurring on January 1st 1897 by the expiration of the term of one of the present incumbents and three additional Associate Justices shall be elected for terms expiring respectively January 1st 1899 January 1st 1901 and January 1st 1903 The persons elected as additional Associate Justices shall among themselves determine by lot which of the three last mentioned terms each shall have and they shall be commissioned accordingly After said first election all terms except unexpired terms shall be for six years each In cases of any vacancy which causes an unexpired term the same shall be filled by executive appointment and the person appointed by the Governor shall hold his office until the next regular election and until his successor for the balance of the unexpired term shall have been elected and qualified The returns of said special election shall be made to the Secretary of State
Par IX The Court of Appeals shall consist of the judges provided therefor by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment and of such additional judges as the General Assembly shall from time to time prescribe All terms of the judges of the Court of Appeals after the expiration of the terms of the judges provided for by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment except unexpired terms shall continue six years and until their successors are qualified The time and manner of electing judges and the mode of filling a vacancy which causes an unexpired term shall be the same as are or may be provided for by the laws relating to the election and appointment of Justices of the Supreme Court The Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and from the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases in which such jurisdiction has not been conferred by this Constitution upon the Supreme Court and in such other cases as may hereafter be prescribed by law except that where a case is pending in the Court of Appeals and the Court of Appeals desires instruction from the Supreme Court it may certify the same to the Supreme Court and thereupon a transcript of the record shall be transmitted to the Supreme Court which after having afforded to the parties an opportunity to be heard thereon shall instruct the Court of Appeals on the question so certified and the Court of Appeals shall be bound by the instructions so given But if by reason of equal division of opinion among the Justices of the Supreme Court no such instruction is given the Court of Appeals may decide the question The manner of certifying questions to the Supreme Court by the Court of Appeals and the subsequent proceedings in regard to the same in the Supreme Court shall be as the Supreme Court shall by its rules prescribe until otherwise provided by law No affirmance of the judgment of the court below in cases pending in the Court of Appeals shall result from delay in disposing of questions or cases certified from the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court or as to
233
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 9
which such certificate has been required by the Supreme Court as hereinbefore provided All writs of error in the Supreme Court or the Court of Appeals when received by its clerk during a term of the court and before the docket of the term is by order of the court closed shall be entered thereon and when received at any other time shall be entered on the docket of the next term and they shall stand for hearing at the term for which they are so entered under such rules as the court may prescribe until otherwise provided by law The Court of Appeals shall appoint a clerk and a sheriff of the court The reporter of the Supreme Court shall be the reporter of the Court of Appeals until otherwise provided by law The laws relating to the Supreme Court as to qualifications and salaries of judges the designation of other judges to preside when members of the court are disqualified the powers duties salaries fees and terms of officers the mode of carrying cases to the court the powers practice procedure times of sitting and costs of the court the publication of reports of cases decided therein and in all other respects except as otherwise provided in this Constitution or by the laws as to the Court of Appeals at the time of the ratification of this amendment and until otherwise provided by law shall apply to the Court of Appeals so far as they can be made to apply The decisions of the Supreme Court shall bind the Court of Appeals as precedents
Section III
Paragraph I There shall be a judge of the superior courts for each judicial circuit whose term of office shall be four years and until his successor is qualified He may act in other circuits when authorized by law The legislature shall have authority to add one or more additional judges of the superior court for any judicial circuit in this State and shall have authority to regulate the manner in which the judges of such circuits shall dispose of the business thereof and shall fix the time at which the term or terms of office of such additional judge or judges shall begin and the manner of his appointment or election and shall have authority from time to time to add to the number of such judges in any judicial circuit or to reduce the number of judges in any judicial circuit Provided that at all times there shall be at least one judge in every judicial circuit of this State
Par II The successors to the present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly of the whole State at the general election held for such members next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years
Par III The terms of the judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their election Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other
234
Art 6 Sec 3 Par 3
causes shall be filled by appointments of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected
Section IV
Paragraph I The superior court shall have exclusive jurisdiction in cases of divorce in criminal cases where the offender is subjected to loss of life or confinement in the penitentiary in cases respecting titles to land and equity cases
Par II The General Assembly may confer upon the courts of common law all the powers heretofore exercised by courts of equity in this State
Par III Said courts shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases except as hereinafter provided
Par IV They shall have appellate jurisdiction in all such cases as may be provided by law
Par V They shall have power to correct errors in inferior judicatories by writ of certiorari which shall only issue on the sanction of the judge and said courts and the judges thereof shall have power to issue writs of mandamus prohibition scire jacias and all other writs that may be necessary for carrying their powers fully into effect and shall have such other powers as are or may be conferred on them by law
Par VI The General Assembly may provide for an appeal from one jury in the superior and city courts to another and the said courts may grant new trials on legal grounds
Par VII The court shall render judgment without the verdict of a jury in all civil cases founded on unconditional contracts in writing where an issuable defense is not filed under oath or affirmation
Par VIII The superior courts shall sit in each county not less than twice in each year at such times as have been or may be appointed by law
Par IX The General Assembly may provide by law for the appointment of some proper person to preside in cases where the presiding judge is from any cause disqualified
Section V
Paragraph I In any county within which there is or hereafter may be a city court the judge of said court and of the superior court may preside in the courts of each other in cases where the judge of either court is disqualified to preside
Section VI
Paragraph I The powers of a court of ordinary and of probate shall be vested in an ordinary for each county from whose decision there
235
Art 6 Sec 6 Par 1
may be an appeal or by consent of parties without a decision to the supeiior court under regulations prescribed by law
Par II The courts of ordinary shall have such powers in relation to roads bridges ferries public buildings paupers county officers county funds county taxes and other county matters as may be conferred on them by law
Par IIA The Court of Ordinary shall have jurisdiction to issue warrants try cases and impose sentence thereon in all misdemeanor cases arising under that Act known as the Georgia State Highway Patrol Act of 1937 and other traffic laws of the State in all counties of this State in which there is no city or county court provided the defendant waives a jury trial Like jurisdiction is also conferred upon the Judges of the Police Courts of incorporated cities and Municipal Court Judges for offenses arising within their respective jurisdiction
Par III The ordinary shall hold his office for the term of four years and until his successor is elected and qualified
Section VII
Paragraph I There shall be in each militia district one justice of the peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be four years provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and of notarypublic exofficio justice of the peace in any city of this State having a population of over twenty thousand and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subjectmatter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or subjectmatter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together with such provision as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section 9 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia And provided however that the General Assembly in its discretion may abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and notary public exofficio justice of the peace in any county in this State having within its borders a city having a population of over twenty thousand and establish in lieu thereof such court
236
Art 6 Sec 7 Par 1
or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary or conferring upon existing courts by extension of their jurisdiction the jurisdiction as to subjectmatter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or to subjectmatter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together also with such provisions as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize The Municipal Court of Atlanta shall have jurisdiction in Fulton County and outside the city limits of Atlanta either concurrently with or supplemental to or in lieu of justice courts as may be now or hereafter provided by law Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph I of Section 9 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia
Par II Justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases arising ex contractu and in cases of injuries or damages to personal property when the principal sum does not exceed one hundred dollars and shall sit monthly at fixed times and places but in all cases there may be an appeal to a jury in said court or an appeal to the superior court under such regulations as may be prescribed by law
Par III Justices of the peace shall be elected by the legal voters in their respective districts and shall be commissioned by the Governor They shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section VIII
Paragraph I Commissioned notaries public not to exceed one for each militia district may be appointed by the judges of superior courts in their respective circuits upon recommendation of the grand juries of the several counties They shall be commissioned by the Governor for the term of four years and shall be exofficio justices of the peace and shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section IX
Paragraph I The jurisdiction powers proceedings and practice of all courts or officers invested with judicial powers except city courts of the same grade or class so far as regulated by law and the force and effect of the process judgment and decree by such courts severally shall be uniform This uniformity must be established by the General Assembly
237
Art 6 Sec 10 Par 1
Section X
Paragraph I There shall be an attorneygeneral of this State who shall be elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor
Par II It shall be the duty of the attorneygeneral to act as the legal adviser of the executive department to represent the State in the Supreme Court in all capital felonies and in all civil and criminal cases in any court when required by the Governor and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XI
Paragraph I There shall be a solicitorgeneral for each judicial circuit whose official term except to fill a vacancy shall be four years The successors of present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the whole State qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years
Par II It shall be the duty of the solicitorgeneral to represent the State in all cases in the superior courts of his circuit and in all cases taken up from his circuit to the Supreme Court and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XIII
Paragraph I The Justices of the Supreme Court each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 7000 per annum the Judges of the Court of Appeals each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 7000 per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 5000 per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the solicitorsgeneral each ball have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any case arising after the adoption of this Constitution Provided that the County of Chatham shall from its treasury pay to the judge of the Superior Court of the Eastern Circuit 500000 per annum said payments are hereby
Section XII superseded by other sections
238
Art 6 Sec 13 Par 1
declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county and shall be made to the judge now in office as well as his successors Provided furtherthat the Board of County Commissioners of Fulton County or such other board or person as may from time to time exercise the administrative powers of Fulton County shall have power and authority to pay the judges of the superior court of Fulton County such sums in addition to the salaries paid by the State as said administrative authority or authorities may deem advisable and the amounts so paid are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county
Provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of the counties of Clark Floyd Sumter Bibb or such other Board or persons as may from time to time exercise the administrative powers of said several counties may supplement from their respective countys treasuries the salaries of the judges of the circuits of which they are a part by such sum as may be necessary with salaries paid each of said judges from the State Treasury to make a salary of 6000 each per annum of such judges and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said counties and such payments shall be made to the judges now in office as well as to their successors Provided further that the County of Fulton may supplement the salary of the judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit or the judges of such other circuits as may be hereafter required to regularly preside therein for additional services rendered in the Superior Court of said county such sums as will with the salary paid such judge from the State Treasury make a salary of 6000 per annum said payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of Fulton County such payments to be made to the judge now in office as well as to his successors The provisions of this amendment shall take effect and the salaries herein provided for shall begin from the ratification of this amendment and shall apply to the incumbents in the several offices as well as their successors and provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of the county of Richmond or such other Board or persons as may from time to time exercise the administrative powers of said county shall supplement from said countys treasury the salary of the judge of the Superior Court of the circuit of which the said County of Richmond is a part by such sum as may be necessary with salaries paid such judge from the State Treasury to make a salary for said judge of 7000 per annum and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county and such payments shall be made to the judge now in office as well as to his successors The provisions of this amendment shall take effect and the salaries herein provided for shall begin from the ratification of this amendment and shall apply to the incumbents in office as well as his successors Provided that the County of Muscogee from and after January 1 1927 shall pay from its treasury to the Superior Court judges of the circuit of which it is a part such sums as will with the salary paid each judge from the State Treasury make a salary of eight thousand dollars per annum to each judge and said payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of such county
239
Art 6 Sec 13 Par 1
The Act of the General Assembly of 1904 entitled An Act to regulate the salaries of judges of the Superior Courts of all Judicial Circuits of this State having or that may hereafter have therein a city with a population of not less than 54000 nor more than 75000 inhabitants and for other purposes with the Acts of the General Assembly of 1905 and 1906 amendatory thereof and also the Act of the General Assembly of 1906 entitled An Act to Regulate the Compensation of Judges of the Superior Courts for services rendered outside of their own Circuits in those Judicial Circuits of the State having therein a city of not less than 75000 inhabitants according to the Census of 1900 and for other purposes which Acts provide for the payment from the treasuries of the counties containing said cities to the judges aforesaid of a part of their salaries are ratified validated and confirmed as to the dates of said respective enactments
Par II The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such change shall affect the officers then in commission Provided however that the General Assembly shall have power at any time by a majority vote of each branch to abolish the judicial fees at present accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any particular judicial circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe a salary for such office in addition to the salary prescribed in paragraph 1 of this section of this article and without regard to the uniformity of such salaries in the various circuits and shall have the further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any such judicial circuit where the fees are abolished
Section XIV
Paragraph I No person shall be judge of the Supreme or superior courts or attorneygeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained the age of thirty years and shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and have practiced law for seven years and no person shall be hereafter elected solicitorgeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained twentyfive years of age shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and shall have practiced law for three years next preceding his election
Section XV
Paragraph I No total divorce shall be granted except on the concurrent verdicts of two juries at different terms of the court
Par II When a divorce is granted the jury rendering the final verdict shall determine the rights and disabilities of the parties
240
Art 6 Sec 16 Par 1
Section XVI
Paragraph I Divorce cases shall be brought in the county where the defendant resides if a resident of this State if the defendant be not a resident of this State then in the county in which the plaintiff resides
Par II Cases respecting titles to land shall be tried in the county where the land lies except where a single tract is divided by a county line in which case the superior court in either county shall have jurisdiction
Par III Equity cases shall be tried in the county where a defendant resides against whom substantial relief is prayed
Par IV Suits against joint obligors joint promissors copartners or joint trespassers residing in different counties may be tried in either county
Par V Suits against the maker and indorser of promissory notes or drawer acceptor and endorser of foreign or inland bills of exchange or like instruments residing in different counties shall be brought in the county where the maker or acceptor resides
Par VI All other civil cases shall be tried in the county where the defendant resides and all criminal cases shall be tried in the county where the crime was committed except cases in the superior courts where the judge is satisfied that an impartial jury cannot be obtained in such county
Section XVII
Paragraph I The power to change the venue in civil and criminal cases shall be vested in the superior courts to be exercised in such manner as has been or shall be provided by law
Section XVIII
Paragraph I The right of trial by jury except where it is otherwise provided in this Constitution shall remain inviolate but the General Assembly may prescribe any number not less than five to constitute a trial or traverse jury in courts other than the superior and city courts
Par II The General Assembly shall provide by law for the selection of the most experienced intelligent and upright men to serve as grand jurors and intelligent and upright men to serve as traverse jurors Nevertheless the grand jurors shall be competent to serve as traverse jurors
Par III It shall be the duty of the General Assembly by general laws to prescribe the manner of fixing compensation of jurors in all counties in this State
Section XIX
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have power to provide
241
Art 6 Sec 19 Par 1
for the creation of county commissioners in such counties as may require them and to define their duties
Section XX
Paragraph I All courts not specially mentioned by name in the first section of this article may be abolished in any county at the discretion of the General Assembly
Section XXI
Paragraph I The costs in the Supreme Court shall not exceed ten dollars until otherwise provided by law Plaintiffs in error shall not be required to pay costs in said court when the usual pauper oath is filed in the court below
ARTICLE VII
Finance Taxation and Public Debt Section I
Paragraph I The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only
For the support of the State government and the public institutions
For educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only
To pay the interest on the public debt
To pay the principal of the public debt
To suppress insurrection to repel invasion and defend the State in time of war
To supply the soldiers who lost a limb or limbs in the military service of the Confederate States with substantial artificial limbs during life and make suitable provisions for such Confederate soldiers as may have been otherwise disabled or permanently injured in such service or who may by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty be unable to provide a living for themselves and for the widows of such Confederate soldiers as may have died in the service of the Confederate States or since from wounds received therein or disease contracted in the service or who by reascn of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselvesProvided that the Act shall only apply to such widows as were married at the time of such service and have remained unmarried since the death of such soldier husband
242
Art 7 Sec 1 Par 1
To make provisions for the payment of pensions to any exConfederate soldier residing in this State January 1 1920 who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States during the Civil War between the States of the United States and who performed actual military services in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State and was honorably discharged therefrom and to widows now residents of this State of exConfederate soldiers who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States and who performed actual service in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State who died in said military service or were honorably discharged therefrom who were married prior to January 1 1920 No widow of a soldier killed during the war shall be deprived of her pension by reason of having subsequently married another veteran who is dead unless she is receiving a pension on account of being the widow of such second husband Any soldier doing service in the Confederate army whether he belonged to the Confederate army or whether he belonged to the militia of any Confederate State and served with the Confederate army shall be eligible to draw a pension
To construct and maintain a system of State highways
To authorize the levy of taxes for and to make provision for the payment of old age assistance to aged persons in need and for the payment of assistance to the needy blind and to dependent children and other welfare benefits provided that no person shall be entitled to the assistance herein authorized who does not qualify for such provisions in every respect in accordance with enactments of the General Assembly which may be in force and effect prescribing the qualifications for beneficiaries hereunder
Provided no indebtedness against the State shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder
Par II The levy of taxes on property for any one year by the General Assembly for all purposes except to provide for repelling invasion suppressing insurrection or defending the State in time of war shall not exceed five mills on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in the State
Section II
Paragraph 1 All taxes shall be levied and collected under general laws and for public purposes only All taxation shall be uniform upon the same class of subjects within the territorial limits of the authority levying the tax Classes of subjects for taxation of property shall consist of tangible property and one or more classes of intangible personal property including money The General Assembly shall have the power to classify property including money for taxation and to adopt different rates and different methods for different classes of such property
243
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2
Par II The General Assembly may by law exempt from taxation all public property places of religious worship or burial all institutions of purely public charity all buildings erected for and used as a college incorporated academy or other seminary of learning and also all funds or property held or used as endowment by such colleges incorporated academies or seminaries of learning provided the same is not invested in real estate and provided further that said exemption shall only apply to such colleges incorporated academies or other seminaries of learning as are open to the general public provided further that all endowments to institutions established for white people shall be limited to white people and all endowments to institutions established for colored people shall be limited to colored people the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other literary association used by or connected with such library all books and philosophical apparatus and all paintings and statutory of any company or association kept in a public hall and not held as merchandise or for purposes of sale or gain provided the property so exempted be not used for purposes of private or corporate profit or income The General Assembly shall further have power to exempt from taxation farm products including baled cotton grown in this State and remaining in the hands of the producers but not longer than for the year next after their production There is hereby exempted of owners beginning January 1 1938 from all ad valorem taxation State County Municipal and School District all clothing household and kitchen furniture and all other personal property except as hereafter excepted not to exceed 30000 in actual value Provided the person or persons herein entitled to exemption shall register such exemption of personalty giving a full description thereof upon such forms terms and manner as shall be prescribed by the General Assembly of Georgia Provided further that the value of the property in excess of said exempted personal property shall be subject to taxation as now or hereafter provided by law The words personal property or personalty wherever used in this Bill shall be defined as personal property used and included solely within the home domestic animals tools and implements of trade of manual laborers This exemption shall not include motor vehicles
Par IIA Any person natural or artificial a resident of this State who may after January 1st 1924 build equip establish or enlarge a plant for the manufacture or processing of cotton wool linen silk rubber clay wood metal metallic or nonmetallic mineral or combination of same creamery or cheese plant or for the production or development of electricity may as to such building enlargement or equipment be exempt from all county incorporated town or city ad valorem taxes for a period of time not exceeding five 5 years from the date of the beginning of the building enlargement or equipment of such plants The legislature is herewith empowered to make provisions for the operation of this paragraph by appropriate legislation provided such exemptions shall be approved by a
244
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2A
majority of the electors voting in such county incorporated town or city proposing said exemption
Par III No polltax shall be levied except for educational purposes and such tax shall not exceed one dollar annually upon each poll
Par IV All laws exempting property from taxation other than the property herein enumerated shall be void
Par V The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall not be surrendered or suspended by any contract or grant to which the State shall be a party
Par VI All persons or classes of persons who were by laws of force January 1st 1911 required to make returns for taxation to the Comptrollergeneral and all who may hereafter be so required shall on or before the first day of March of each year make such returns as of date of January 1st of that year and shall pay the taxes arising on such returns in favor of the State on or before the first of September of the same year anything heretofore contained in the Constitution or laws of Georgia to the contrary notwithstanding The laws of force on said date governing such returns and payments and the collection and enforcement thereof shall remain of force as applicable to the returns and payments herein required until the same shall be changed by law The General Assembly shall have power to make or alter all laws that may be necessary or proper for enforcing the piovisions of this paragraph
Par VII Beginning January 1 1938 there shall be exempted from all ad valorem taxation for State County and School purposes the homestead of each resident of this State actually occupied by the owner as a residence and homestead to the value of 200000 and only so long as actually occupied by the owner primarily as such with the exception of taxation to pay interest on and retire bonded indebtedness Such value to be determined in such manner and according to such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by law
That the General Assembly may from time to time as the condition of fiscal affairs of the State Counties or Schools may warrant lower said exemption to not less than 125000
Section III
Paragraph I No debt shall be contracted by or on behaif of the State except to supply such temporary deficit as may exist in the treasury i n any year from necessary delay in collecting the taxes of that year to repel invasion suppress insurrection and defend the State in time of war or to pay the existing public debt but the debt created to supply deficiencies in revenue shall not exceed in the aggregate five hundred thousand dollars and any loan made for this purpose shall be repaid out of the taxes levied for the year in which the loan was made However said debt may be increased in the sum of 3500000 for the payment of the publicschool
245
Art 7 Sec 3 Par 1
teachers of the State only The principal amount borrowed for payment of teachers to be repaid each year out of the common school appropriation and the interest paid thereon to be paid each year out of the general funds of the State
Section IV
Paragraph I All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by or on behalf of the State shall specify the purpose for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purpose specified and for no other
Section V
Paragraph I The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual company corporation or association and the State shall not become a joint owner or stockholder in any company association or corporation
Section VI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not authorize any county municipal corporation or political division of this State to become a stockholder in any company corporation or association or to appropriate money for or to loan its credit to any corporation company association institution or individual except for purely charitable purposes This restriction shall not operate to prevent the support of schools by municipal corporations within their respective limits Provided that if any municipal corporation shall offer to the State any property for locating or building a capitol and the State accepts such offer the corporation may comply with such offer Provided however that the City of Waycross in Ware County is authorized to levy a tax on all of the taxable property therein not to exceed one mill for the purpose of securing a fund to be set aside used and appropriated by the City of Waycross in assisting promoting and encouraging the location of new industries therein Said tax and appropriation being in addition to those now authorized by law
Par II The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose except for educational purposes to build and re pah the public buildings and bridges to maintain and support prisoners to pay jurors and coroners and for litigation quarantine roads and expenses of courts to support paupers and pay debts heretofore existing to pay the county police and to provide for necessary sanitation and for the collection and preservation of records of birth death disease and health to pay county agricultural and home demonstration agents to provide for payment of old age assistance to aged
246
Art 7 Sec 6 Par 2
persons in need and for the payment of assistance to the needy blind and to dependent children and other welfare benefits provided that no person shall be entitled to the assistance herein authorized who does not qualify in every respect in accordance with enactments of the General Assembly which may be in force and effect prescribing the qualifications for beneficiaries hereunder
The General Assembly shall have authority however to enact laws authorizing the County of Chatham to create a retirement fund and a system of retirement pay for county employees and levy taxes for that purpose and to enact laws establishing rules of tenure of office for such employees Furthermore in any county in the State which has wholly or partly within its boundaries a city of not less than 200000 population the county authories thereof are hereby directed upon the request of the Board of Education of such county annually to levy a tax not exceeding one and onehalf mills for educational purposes on all the taxable property throughout the entire county including territory embraced in dependent school systems the samp to be appropriated to the use of the County Board of Education and to educational work directed by them Provided however that Ware County is authorized to levy a tax in addition to those already provided for by law not to exceed one mill on all the taxable property in the county for the purpose of acquiring and creating a fund to be set aside and used exclusively in assisting promoting and encouraging the location of new industries in Ware County and the County officials of said county are authorized to select a committee of citizens of the county to sit with them and advise with them in the handling and disbursement of such funds for the purposes stated
Section VII
Paragraph I The debt hereafter incurred by any county municipal corporation or political division of this State except as in this Constitution provided for shall not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein and no such county municipality or division shall incur any new debt except for temporary loan or loans to supply canal deficiencies of revenue not to exceed onefifth of one per centum of the assessed value of taxable property therein without the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters thereof voting at an election for that purpose to be held as may be prescribed by law provided said twothirds so voting shall be a majority of the registered voters and provided further that all laws charter provisions and ordinances heretofore passed or enacted providing special registration of the voters of counties municipal corporations and other political divisions of this State to pass upon the issuance of bonds by such counties municipal corporations and other political divisions are hereby declared to be null and void and the General Assembly shall hereafter have no power to pass or enact any law providing
247
Art 7 Sec 7 Par 1
for such special registration but the validity of any and all bond issues by such counties municipal corporations or other political divisions made prior to January 1st 1918 shall not be affected hereby but any city the debt of which does not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property at the time of the adoption of this Constitution may be authorized by law to increase at any time the amount of said debt three per centum upon such assessed valuation
Twentysix amendments cited on pp 65 and 66 of this compilation of local application and therefore here omitted
Par II Any county municipal corporation or political division of this State which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this Constitution shall at or before the time of so doing provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebtedness
Section VIII
Paragraph 1 The State shall not assume the debt nor any part thereof of any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of the State unless such debt be contracted to enable the State to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of warprovided however that all indebtedness of the several counties of this State as well as that of the Coastal Highway District and the assessments made against the counties of said district heretofore incurred for the construction andor paving of the public roads or highways including bridges of the State as contemplated and defined by Article Six Section One of the Act approved Aug 18 1919 as said section appears on page 252 of the Georgia Laws of 1919 which were a part of the State Aid roads of the Highway System of Georgia and said work was done under the supervision of the Highway Department is hereby assumed by the State of Georgia as an indebtedness of the State The word indebtedness as used herein shall include the actual cost of the construction andor paving by any county of the State as well as any highway district created by law of any public road or highway also bridges expended under the supervision of the State Highway Department And provided further that the indebtedness of the aforesaid political subdivisions of this State shall be evidenced by certificates of indebtedness issued or to be issued by the State Highway Department of Georgia for the cost of the construction andor paving by any county of the State as well as any highway district created by law of any public road or highway also bridges and provided further that such construction andor paving was done or contract or agreement made for same to be done prior to Sept 1 1931 And provided further that said indebtedness as evidenced by said certificates of indebtedness of the Highway Department shall be paid without interest thereon solely out of the
248
Art 7 Sec 8 Par 1
revenues andor taxes levied assessed and allocated to the State Highway Department of Georgia or to any department which by law may be made the successor of the Highway Department for the public roads and highways of the State Aid system of roads and highways and such payment to be made at the rate of not less than ten per cent per annum of the total of such outstanding indebtedness and such payment to begin March 25 1936 and to continue annually thereafter until all of such outstanding indebtedness shall have been paid The General Assembly of the State of Georgia is hereby vested with authority to enact laws for the purpose of effectually carrying out the foregoing provisions and the provisions of existing laws with reference to the preferential construction by the Highway Department of highways from county site to county site
Section IX
Paragraph I The receiving directly or indirectly by any officer of the State or county or member or officer of the General Assembly of any interest profits or perquisites arising from the use or loan of public funds in his hands or monies to be raised through his agency for State or county purposes shall be deemed a felony and punishable as may be prescribed by law a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office
Section X
Paragraph I Municipal corporations shall not incur any debt until provision therefor shall have been made by the municipal government
Section XI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money either directly or indirectly to pay the whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds or other obligations which have been pronounced illegal null and void by the General Assembly and the constitutional amendments ratified by a vote of the people on the first day of May 1877 nor shall the General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created by the State under laws passed during the late war between the States nor any of the bonds notes or obligations made and entered into during the existence of said war the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the United States and the Confederate States nor shall the General Assembly pass any law or the Governor or other State official enter into any contract or agreement whereby the State shall be made a party to any suit in any court of this State or of the United States instituted to test the validity of arty such bonds or obligations
249
Art 7 Sec 12 Par 1
Section XII
Paragraph I The bonded debt of the State shall never be increased except to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend the State in time of war
Section XIII
Paragraph 1 The proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Macon and Brunswick or other railroads held by the State and any other property owned by the State whenever the General Assembly may authorize the sale of the whole or any part thereof shall be applied to the payment of the bonded debt of the State and shall not be used for any other purpose whatever so long as the State has any existing bonded debt Provided that the proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which said railroad has been mortgaged in preference to all other bonds
Section XIV
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each year in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses and interest on the public debt the sum of one hundred thousand dollars which shall be held as a sinking fund to pay off and retire the bonds of the State which have not yet matured and shall be applied to no other purpose whatever If the bonds cannot at any time be purchased at or below par then the sinking fund herein provided for may be loaned by the Governor and treasurer of the State Provided the security which shall be demanded for said loan shall consist only of the valid bonds of the State but this section shall not take effect until the eight per cent currency bonds issued under the Act of February the 19th 1873 shall have been paid
Section XV
Paragraph I The ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer shall each make to the Governor a quarterly report of the financial condition of the State which report shall include a statement of the assets liabilities and income of the State and expenditures therefor for the three months preceding and it shall be the duty of the Governor to carefully examine the same by himself or through competent persons connected with his department and cause an abstract thereof to be published for the information of the people which abstract shall be indorsed by him as having been examined
250
Art 7 Sec 16 Par 1
Section XVI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not by vote resolution or order grant any donation or gratuity in favor of any person corporation or association
Par II The General Assembly shall not grant or authorize extra compensation to any public officer agent or contractor after the service has been rendered or the contract entered into
Section XVII
Paragraph I The office of the State printer shall cease with the expiration of the term of the present incumbent and the General Assembly shall provide by law for letting the public printing to the lowest responsible bidder or bidders who shall give adequate and satisfactory security for the faithful performance thereof No member of the General Assembly or other public officer shall be interested either directly or indirectly in any such contract
ARTICLE VIII
Education
Section I
Paragraph I There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of the children as nearly uniform as practicable the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation or otherwise The schools shall be free to all children of the State but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races
Section II
Paragraph I There shall be a State school commissioner elected by the people at the same time and manner as the Governor and Statehouse officers are elected whose term of office shall be two years and until his successor is elected and qualified His office shall be at the seat of government and he shall be paid a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum The General Assembly may substitute for the State school commissioner such officer or officers as may be deemed necessary to perfect the system of public education
Section III
Paragraph I The poll tax any educational fund now belonging to

251
Art 8 Sec 3 Par 1
the State except the endowment of and debt due to the University of Georgia a special tax on shows and exhibitions and on the sale of spirituous and malt liquors which the General Assembly is hereby authorized to assess and the proceeds of any commutation tax for military service and all taxes that may be assessed on such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive to other property are hereby set apart and devoted for the support of common schools
Section IV
Paragraph I Authority is granted to counties and to municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation The proper county authorities whose duty it is to levy taxes for county purposes in this State shall on the recommendation of the board of education assess and collect taxes for the support of the public schools under its control not less than one nor more than five mills on the dollar of all taxable property of the county outside of independent local systems which shall be distributed equitably according to the school population tax values the number of teachers and their grade of license among the public schools therein An additional levy to that already allowed not to exceed five mills shall be permissible in independent local systems municipalities or school districts on a twothirds vote of those voting No additional election shall be required to maintain any local school tax now in existence in districts counties or municipalities provided this paragraph shall not apply to counties having a local school system of taxation adopted prior to the Constitution of 1877
Amendment affecting Pierce County only omitted A1929 139
Provided also that authority is hereby given to two or more local school districts any one or more of which may have incurred a bonded indebtedness to consolidate upon the condition that such bonded indebtedness outstanding shall be assumed by the entire district as consolidated provided however before such consolidation shall become effective the same shall be approved by the vote of twothirds of the qualified voters of each district affected at separate elections held for that purpose on the recommendations of the respective boards of trustees under the same terms and conditions as to advertisement as bond elections by school districts the tickets for said elections to have written or printed thereon For Consolidation with Bonded District or Against Consolidation with Bonded District and in the event said elections result in favor of said consolidation the result shall be so declared by the Boards of Trustees of said districts and thereafter the indebtedness outstanding against any one or moie of said districts shall be a valid outstanding indebtedness of the district as consolidated and taxes for the payment of said indebtedness shall be levied accordingly Provided however county boards of

252
Art 8 Sec 4 Par 1
education independent school systems and local school districts may contract with each other for the education transportation and care of children of school age
Section V
Paragraph I Existing local school systems shall not be affected by this Constitution Nothing contained in first section of this article shall be construed to deprive schools in this State not common schools from participation in the educational fund of the State as to all pupils therein taught in the elementary branches of an English education
Section VI
Paragraph I The trustees of the University of Georgia may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of said University In addition to the payment of the annual interest on the debt due by the State to the University the General Assembly shall from time to time make such appropriations to the University and high schools as the condition of the treasury authorize
ARTICLE IX
Homestead and Exemption Section I
Paragraph I There shall be exempt from levy and sale by virtue of any process whatever under the laws of this State except as hereinafter excepted of the property of every head of a family or guardian or trustee of a family of minor children or every aged or infirm person or person having the care and support of dependent females of any age who is not the head of a family realty or personalty or both to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars
Section II
Paragraph I No court or ministerial officer in this State shall ever have jurisdiction or authority to enforce any judgment execution or decree against the property set apart for such purpose including such improvements as may be made thereon from time to time except for taxes for the purchasemoney of the same for labor done thereon for material furnished therefor or for the removal of incumbrances thereon
Section III
Paragraph I The debtor shall have power to waive or renounce

253

Art 9 Sec 3 Par 1
in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in this Article except as to wearing apparel and not exceeding three hundred dollars worth of household and kitchen furniture and provisions to be selected by himself and his wife if any and he shall not after it is set apart alienate or encumber the property so exempted but it may be sold by the debtor and his wife if any jointly with the sanction of the judge of the superior court of the county where the debtor resides or the land is situated the proceeds to be reinvested upon the same uses
Section IV
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall provide by law as early as practicable for the setting apart and valuation of said property But nothing in this Article shall be construed to affect or repeal the existing laws for exemption of property from sale contained in the present Code of this State in paragraphs 2040 to 2049 inclusive and the Acts amendatory thereto It may be optional with the applicant to take either but not both of such exemptions
Section V
Paragraph I The debtor shall have authority to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in section four except as it is excepted in section three of this article
Section VI
Paragraph I The applicant shall at any time have the right to supplement his exemption by adding to an amount already set apart which is less than the whole amount of exemption herein allowed a sufficiency to make his exemption equal to the whole amount
Section VII
Paragraph I Homesteads and exemptions of personal property which have been heretofore set apart by virtue of the provisions of th existing Constitution of this State and in accordance with the laws for the enforcement thereof or which may be hereafter so set apart at any time shall be and remain valid as against all debts and liabilities existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution to the same extent that they would have been had said existing Constitution not been revised
Section VIII
Paragraph I Rights which have become vested under previously existing laws shall not be affected by anything herein contained In all cases in which homesteads have been set apart under the Constitution
254
Art 9 Sec 8 Par 1
of 1868 and the laws made in pursuance thereof and a bona fide sale of such property has been subsequently made and the full purchaseprice thereof has been paid all right of exemption in such property by reason of its having been so set apart shall cease in so far as it affects the right of the purchaser In all such cases where a part only of the purchaseprice has been paid such transactions shall be governed by the laws now of force in this State in so far as they affect the rights of the purchaser as though said property had not been set apart
Section IX
Paragraph I Parties who have taken a homestead of realty under the Constitution of eighteen hundred and sixtyeight shall have the right to sell said homestead and reinvest the same by order of the judge of the superior courts of this State
ARTICLE X
Militia
Section I
Paragraph I A well regulated militia being essential to the peace and security of the State the General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this State shall be organized officered trained armed and equipped and of whom it shall consist
Par II The General Assembly shall have power to authorize the formation of volunteer companies and to provide for their organization into battalions regiments brigades divisions and corps with such restrictions as may be prescribed by law and shall have authority to arm and equip the same
Par III The officers and men of the militia and volunteer forces shall not be entitled to receive any pay rations or emoluments when not in active service by authority of the State
ARTICLE XI
Counties and County Officers Section I
Paragraph I Each county shall be a body corporate with such powers and limitations as may be prescribed by law All suits by or against a county shall be in the name thereof and the metes and bounds of the several counties shall remain as now prescribed by law unless changed as hereinafter provided
The Commissioners of Roads and Revenues of Fulton County shall
255
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 1
have authority to establish and administer sewerage water andor fire prevention systems to establish and maintain parks and to levy taxes or assessments on property therefor
Par II There shall not be more than one hundred and fortyfive counties in this State Text of amendments creating sixteen new counties omitted Creating Acts cited on pp 66 and 67 of this compilation Number of counties now 159 by consolidation of Fulton Milton and Campbell counties
Par IIA The General Assembly shall have the power to consolidate and combine all governmental functions and powers now vested in and exercised by cities and municipalities having a population of more than 52900 according to the Federal Census of 1920 with the governmental functions and powers now vested in and exercised by the authorities of the county in which such cities or municipalities are situated to create designate and give a name to political subdivisions composed of the entire area of such counties to vest in and confer upon such subdivisions such authority and power as may be conferred upon municipalities or counties or both under existing laws to abolish any and all offices now existing under the charters of any such municipalities and also to abolish the offices f tax collectors and tax receivers in any such counties to create new offices for purpose of exercising and carrying out the powers to be vested in such political subdivisions and powers and duties formerly appertaining to such offices so abolished add the powers and duties formerly exercised by such counties and such municipalities all without regard to the uniformity of the powers duties and compensation appertaining to the offices so created in other municipalities other counties or other political subdivisions hereby authorized to divide such political subdivisions into districts to fix a maximum rate of ad valorem taxation to be levied by authority of such political subdivisions within the various districts without regard to the uniformity of the rate also to consolidate and combine any and all school systems and school districts now existing in any such cities or municipalities and counties into one system covering the entire area of the counties to be governed and controlled under the provisions of the Act creating the political subdivisions hereby authorized regardless of the method of control of schools or school systems in other counties or municipalities
The powers herein granted shall not be extended to cities municipalities or towns and cities and towns and municipalities the corporate limits of which are included within more than one county nor shall said powers herein granted be extended to the counties in which said cities or towns or municipalities and cities and towns and municipalities are located
The General Assembly in exercising the powers herein conferred may include in the Act or law any one or more of the powers or provisions
256
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 2A
herein enumerated and may exclude therefrom any one or more of the powers or provisions enumerated
This provisions of the Constitution shall not be construed to empower the General Assembly to create new counties nor to affect or change the representatives of any county in the General Assembly nor shall it be construed to authorize the General Assembly to abolish the offices of clerk of the Superior Court ordinary sheriff or coroner in any of the counties affected by this Act said office being expressly hereby preserved
The General Assembly shall not change or abolish any county nor the name thereof which may be affected hereby and in naming the consolidated subdivisions in each case the names of the municipality or municipalities and of the county shall be combined so as to preserve them
The General Assembly shall create such political subdivisions by special act or law relating to a particular subdivision but no such act or law shall have any force or effect until the same shall have been ratified by a vote of a majority of the qualified voters voting at a special election in such county to be held not earlier than sixty days after the final passage and approval by the Governor of any such act provided however that the people within the corporate limits of municipalities affected and the people of the county affected outside of the corporate limits shall vote separately and before the Act shall go in effect a majority of those voting in the municipalities separately If more than one municipality is affected a majority of those voting outside of said municipality or municipalities shall vote in favor of said Act
Par III County lines shall not be changed unless under the operation of a general law for that purpose
Par IV No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Par V Any county may be dissolved and merged with contiguous counties by a twothirds vote of the qualified electors of such county voting at an election held for that purpose
Par VI The governing authorities of the County of Glynn and of the County of McIntosh shall have authority to establish and administer within the bounds of their respective counties districts for special sanitation fire prevention police protection or building and improving roads and to carry out the purposes of such establishment they shall have authority to levy taxes upon the taxable property in said respective districts to issue bonds of such districts upon a vote of the qualified voters of such districts and under the rules of law governing the issuance of county bonds and to levy assessments against and collect service charges from the property abutting upon or served by the utilities established or provided pursuant hereto Provided that districts in McIntosh County may issue bonds not exceeding 14 of the value of the taxable property therein
257
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 7
Par VII The Governing authorities of the County of DeKalb shall have authority to establish and administer within the bounds of the County of DeKalb districts for fire prevention sanitation and or water and to establish and administer in such districts systems of fire prevention sanitation andor water and to levy taxes andor special assessments not exceeding 5 mills therefor on property in said districts
Section II
Paragraph I The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their office for four years They shall be removed on conviction for malpractice m office and no person shall be eligible to any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless he shall have been a resident of the county for two years and is a qualified voter Provided that the provision of this proposed amendment shall not become effective until January 1st 1917
Section III
Paragraph I Whatever tribunal or officers may hereafter be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of county matters shall be uniform throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for the appointment of commissioners of Roads and Revenues in any county and may abolish the office of County Treasurer in any county or fix the compensation of County Treasurer and such compensation may be fixed without regard to uniformity of such compensation in the various counties And the General Assembly shall also have authority to consolidate the offices and duties of Tax Receiver and Tax Collector in any or all of the counties of the State the official performing the duties of said two offices when so consolidated to be known as County Tax Commissioner and the General Assembly may prescribed the compensation of such County Tax Commissioner or authorize county authorities to fix the same which compensation may be on the basis of fees or salary and may be fixed without regard to uniformity in the various counties and when such compensation is fixed on a salary basis the authority fixing the same shall determine what disposition shall be made of the fees and commissions accruing to each of said offices so consolidated and to provide for the levy and collection of a tax sufficient to pay the salary so fixed
ARTICLE XII
The Laws of General Operation in Force in This State Section I
Paragraph I The laws of general operation in this State areFirst as the supreme law The Constitution of the United States the laws
258
Art 12 Sec 1 Par 1
of the United States in pursuance thereof and all treaties made under the authority of the United States
Par II Second as next in authority thereto this Constitution
Par III Third in subordination to the foregoing All laws now in force in this State not inconsistent with this Constitution and the ordinances of this Convention shall remain of force until the same are modified or repealed by the General Assembly The tax acts and appropriation acts passed by the General Assembly of 1877 and approved by the Governor of the State and not inconsistent with the Constitution are hereby continued in force until altered by law
Par IV Local and private acts passed for the benefit of counties cities towns corporations and private persons not inconsistent with the supreme law nor with this Constitution and which have not expired nor been repealed shall have the force of statute law subject to judicial decision as to their validity when passed and to any limitations imposed by their own terms
Par V All rights privileges and immunities which may have vested in or accrued to any person or persons or corporations in his her or their own right or in any fiduciary capacity under and in virtue of any act of the General Assembly or any judgment decree or order or other proceeding of any court of competent jurisdiction in this State heretofore rendered shall be held inviolate by all courts before which they may be brought in question unless attacked for fraud
Par VI All judgments decrees orders and other proceedings of the several courts of this State heretofore made within the limits of their several jurisdictions are hereby ratified and affirmed subject only to reversal by motion for a new trial appeal bill of review or other proceeding in conformity with the law of force when they were made
Par VII The officers of the government now existing shall continue in the exercise of their several functions until their successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified but nothing herein is to apply to any officer whose office may be abolished by this Constitution
Par VIII The ordinances of this Convention shall have the force of laws until otherwise provided by the General Assembly except the ordinances in reference to submitting the homestead and Capital question to a vote of the people which ordinances after being voted on shall have the effect of constitutional provisions
ARTICLE XIII
Amendments to the Constitution Section I
Paragraph I Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the
259
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon And the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional district for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall also provide for a submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Par II No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each house of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable
Section II
Paragraph I The Constitution shall be submitted for ratification or rejection to the electors of the State at an election to be held on the first Wednesday in December one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven in the several election districts of this State at which election every person shall be entitled to vote who is entitled to vote for the members of the General Assembly under the constitution and laws of force at the date of such election said election to be held and conducted as is now provided by law for holding elections for members of the General Assembly All persons voting at said election in favor of adopting the Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words For Ratification and all persons opposed to the adoption of this Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words Against Ratification
Par II The votes cast at said election shall be consolidated in each of the counties of the State as is now required by law in elections for members of the General Assembly and returns thereof made to the Governor and should a majority of all the votes cast at said election be in favor of ratification he shall declare the said Constitution adopted and make proclamation of the result of said election by publication in one or more newspapers in each Congressional district of the State but should a majority of the votes cast be against ratification he shall in the same manner proclaim the said Constitution rejected
260
Ordinances
STATE CAPITAL
Be it ordained by the people oj Georgia in Convention assembled
1 That the question of the location of the capital of this State be kept out of the Constitution to be adopted by this Convention
2 That at the first general election hereafter held for members of the General Assembly every voter may indorse on his ballot Atlanta or Milledgeville and the one of these places receiving the largest number of votes shall be the capital of the State until changed by the same authority and in the same way that may be provided for the alteration of the Constitution that may be adopted by the Convention whether said Constitution be ratified or rejected And that every person entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the present Constitution and laws of this State shall be entitled to vote under this ordinance and in the event of the rejection of said Constitution shall should a majority of votes cast be in favor of Milledgeville then this provision to operate and take effect as an amendment to the present Constitution
HOMESTEAD
Be it ordained by the people oj Georgia in Convention assembled and it is hereby ordained by authority oj the same
1 That the article adopted by the Convention on the subject of homestead and exemption shall not form a part of this Constitution except as hereinafter provided
2 At the election held for the ratification or rejection of this Constitution it shall be lawful for each voter to have written or printed on his ballot the words Homestead of 1877 or the words Homestead of 1868
3 In the event that a majority of the ballots so cast have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1877 then said article so adopted by this Convention shall form a part of the Constitution submitted if the same is ratified but in event that said Constitution so submitted shall not be ratified then the article on homestead and exemptions so adopted as aforesaid by this Convention shall supersede Article Seven of the Constitution of 1868 on the subject of homestead and exemptions and form a part of this Constitution
4 If a majority of the ballots so cast as aforesaid shall have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1868 then Article Seventh of the Constitution of 1868 shall supersede the article on homstead and exemptions adopted by this Convention and shall be incorporated in and form a part of the Constitution so submitted and ratified
261
Ordinances
JUDICIAL CIRCUITS
There shall be sixteen judicial circuits in this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to organize and proportion the same in such manner as to equalize the business and labor of the judges in said several circuits as far as may be practicable But the General Assembly shall have power hereafter to reorganize increase or diminish the number of circuits Provided however that the circuits shall remain as now organized until changed by law
SIGNING AND RATIFICATION Be it ordained by the people oj Georgia in Convention assembled
1 That the Constitution as adopted and revised be enrolled and signed by the officers and members of this Convention
2 That the Governor shall issue his proclamation ordering an election for members of the General Assembly and a vote upon the ratification or rejection of this Constitution as therein provided and a vote upon the capital and homestead questions as provided by the ordinances of this Convention
Read and adopted in Convention August 25th 1877
Attest C J JENKINS
President Constitutional Convention JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary
VOID BONDS NOT TO BE PAID
Neither the General Assembly nor any other authority or officer of this State shall ever Jiave power to pay or recognize as legal or in any sense valid or binding upon the State any direct bonds or currency bonds gold bonds or the States alleged guaranty or indorsement of any railroad bonds or any other bonds guaranties or indorsements heretofore declared to be illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature of the State or that may be declared illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature originating this amendment viz The State gold bonds issued under the Act of October 17th 1870 in aid of the Brunswick and Albany Railroad Company the currency bonds issued under the Act of August 27th 1870 the quarterly gold bonds issued under the Act of September 15th 1870 which are enumerated m the Act of August 23rd 1872 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Brunswick and Albany Railroad Company made under the Act of March 18th 1869 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Cartersville and Van Wert Railroad Company and of the Cherokee Railroad
262
Ordinances
Company the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Bainbridge Cuthbert and Columbus Railroad Company and all other bonds guaranties or indorsements declared illegal fraudulent or void as herein provided Nor shall any General Assembly ever have power to provide for the reindorsement of such railroad bonds or to place the States guaranty upon the same or to provide for the indorsement or guaranty by the State of any new bonds issued in lieu of or to pay off or retire such railroad bonds by any railroad company or to issue bonds of the State to such railroad companies or other persons in payment or in lieu of such indorsed bonds or other bonds herein declared illegal or to lend the aid or credit of the State by any act resolution or law to such railroad companies or to other incorporated companies or persons acquiring or succeeding to the rights and franchises of said companies or to buy the railroads of such companies or to submit the question of the liability of the State upon any of the bonds or indorsements upon bonds or other guaranty herein declared illegal fraudulent and void or upon any claim for money advanced upon said bonds indorsements or guaranties or expended by said companies or other person in and about the construction of said railroads to the decision of any court tribunal or person whatever or to pay assume or secure directly or indirectly by any act resolution or law any mcney advanced or claimed to have been advanced on the bonds indorsements or guaranties herein declared invalid
263
LEGISLATIVE PROPOSALS TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION OF 1877
Art 2 Sec 1 Par 18
Qualifications of electors and registration of voters
A 1907 47 No record found of submission
A 190827 Ratified Oct 7 1908
A 1931 102 Ratified Nov 8 1932
Relates only to Par 3
Art 3 Sec 2 Par 1
Increasing Senatorial Districts
A 1918 84 Ratified Nov 5 1918
A 1921 86 Defeated Nov 7 1922
A 1931 106 Defeated Nov 8 1932
A 1937 28 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 3 Sec 3 Par 1
Membership House of Representatives fixed
A 1904 48 Ratified Oct 5 1904
A 1908 31 Ratified Oct 7 1908
A 1914 36 Ratified Nov 3 1914
A 1918 87 Ratified Nov 5 1918
A 1920 55 Ratified Nov 2 1920
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 1
Terms of members of General Assembly
A 1914 45 Ratified Nov 3 1914
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3 2
Annual legislative sessions
A 18901 55 Ratified Oct 5 1892
Sessions changed from October to July
A 1893 20 No record found of submission
Biennial sessions
A 1924 31 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Dates of sessions and officers terms
A 1931 1053 Ratified Nov 8 1932
Art 3 2 Sec 4 Par 6
Length of legislative sessions
A 18901 56 Ratified Oct 5 1892
Art 3 Sec 5 Par 2
LieutenantGovernor to be President of the Senate
A 1935 1233 Defeated Nov 3 1936
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
Local legislative bills
A 18889 37 No record found of submissioi A 18901 57 Ratified Oct 5 1892
264
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 15
Special and local legislative powers withdrawn
A 18845 33 Ratified Oct 6 1886
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
Granting of corporate powers
A 18901 59 Ratified Oct 5 1892
A 1912 27 Ratified Nov 5 1912
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 25
Zoning planning laws
A 1927 127 Ratified Nov 6 1928
A 1935 1234 Ratified Nov 3 1936
A 1937 1132 Ratified June 8 1937
A 1937 1139 Ratified June 8 1937
A 1937 1137 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 26
Zoning laws counties of Glynn Fulton Chatham Bibb Barrow and Colquitt
A 1929 148 Defeated Nov 4 1930
A 1937 24 Ratified June 8 1937
A 1937 1135 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 3 Sec 9 Par 1
Legislative per diem
A 1918 89 Ratified Nov 5 1918
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 2
Changing terms of Constitutional officers
A 1935 1243 Defeated Nov 3 1936
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 8
Providing for a LieutenantGovernor
A 1935 1231 Defeated Nov 3 1936
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 13
Selfconvening extra sessions Legislature
A 1937 1114 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 5 6 Sec 1 Par 19
Governors clerical force
A 1918 93 Ratified Nov 5 1918
Art 5 Sec 2 Par 2
Treasurers and assistants salaries
A 1918 91 Ratified Nov 5 1918
Duties and expenses Constitutional officers
A 1927 121 Ratified Nov 6 192
265
Art 6 Sec 1 Par 1
Establishing Court of Appeals
A 1906 24 Ratified Nov 6 1906
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 1
Supreme Court Justices
A 18867 25 Defeated Oct 3 1888
A 1893 17 No record found of submission
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 2
Choice of substitute judges
A 1937 33 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 5
Supreme Court jurisdiction
A 1906 24 Ratified Nov 6 1906
A 1916 19 Ratified Nov 7 1916
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 6
Procedure in delayed casefiling in Supreme Court
A 1935 1238 Ratified Nov 3 1936
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 8
Number of Justices Supreme Court and organization change A 1895 15 Ratified Oct 7 1895
Art 6 Sec 2 Par 9
Court of Appeals organization and jurisdiction
A 1906 24 Ratified Nov 6 1906
A 1916 19 Ratified Nov 7 1916
Art 6 8 Sec 3 Par 1
Superior Courts
A 1905 66 Ratified Oct 3 1906
Art 6 Sec 3 Par 2
Election of Superior Court Judges
Art 6 Sec 3 Par 3
Terms of Superior Court Judges
A 1897 16 Ratified Oct 5 1898
Art 6 Sec 6 Par 2a
Jurisdiction of Ordinaries and Police Courts under State Patrol A 1937 1116 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 6 Sec 7 Par 1
Municipal Courts and J P Courts
A 1912 30 Ratified Oct 2 1912
A 1914 30 Ratified Nov 3 1914
266
A 1927 117 Ratified Nov 6 1928
A 1931 1051 Ratified Nov 8 1932
Art 6 Sec 11 Par 1
Election of SolicitorsGeneral
A 1897 16 Ratified Oct 5 1898
Art 6 Sec 13 Par 1
Salaries certain Superior Court Judges
A 1910 42 Ratified Oct 5 1910
A 1913 30 Ratified Nov 3 1914
A 1916 22 Ratified Nov 7 1916
A 1918 94 Ratified Nov 5 1918
A 1922 24 Defeated Nov 7 1922
A 1922 26 Ratified Nov 7 1922
A 1925 70 Ratified Nov 2 1926
A 1927 111 Ratified Nov 6 1928
A 1929 118 Defeated Nov 4 1930
Judicial salaries Supreme Court Court of Appeals i
Courts
A 1917 36 Ratified Nov 5 1918
A 1920 20 Ratified Nov 2 1920
Art 6 Sec 13 Par 2
Salary basis for SolicitorsGeneral
A 1916 24 Ratified Nov 7 1916
Art 7 Sec L Par 1
Aid to Confederate soldiers and widows
A 18845 37 Ratified Oct 6 1886
A 18889 39 Ratified Oct 1 1890
A 1893 19 Ratified Oct 3 1894
A 1899 19 Ratified Oct 9 1900
A 1908 34 Ratified Oct 7 1908
A 1918 96 Ratified Nov 5 1918
A 1918 98 Ratified Nov 5 1918
A 1920 23 Ratified Nov 2 1920
A 1937 1118 Ratified June 8 1937
State highways tax
A 1926Ex33 Ratified Nov 2 1926
Social Security State participation
A 1937 1126 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 7 Sec 1 Par 2
Limiting ad valorem tax
A 1903 21 Ratified Oct 5 1904
267
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 1
Taxes upon incomes
A 1929 143 Defeated Nov 4 1930
Classification tax
A 1931 108 Defeated Nov 8 1932
A 1937 39 Ratified June 8 1937
Fifteen mill tax limitation
A 1935 1240 Defeated Nov 3 1936
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2
Farm products tax exemption
A 1912 36 Ratified Nov 5 1912
Ships and vessels tax exemption
A 1916 27 Defeated Nov 7 1916
Endowment educational institutions tax exemption
A 1917 39 Ratified Nov 5 1918
Industries tax exemption
A 1923 Ex 67 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Hydroelectric works tax exemptions Heard and Troup counties
A 1929 144 Defeated Nov 4 1930
Personal property exemption
A 1937 38 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 6
Tax returns to ComptrollerGeneral
A 1911 51 Ratified Oct 2 1912
Art 7 Sec 3 Par 1
Deficiencies in State Treasury
A 1911 49 Ratified Oct 2 1912
State debt increase for teachers pay
A 1926Ex31 Ratified Nov 2 1926
Art 7 Sec 2 Par 7
Homestead exemption
A 1937 1122 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 7 Sec 6 Par 1
Waycross promotion tax
A 1937 1131 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 7 Sec 6 Par 2
Taxing powers of countieshealth
A 1908 33 Ratified Oct 7 1908
268
Taxing powers of countiesschools
A 1910 45 Ratified Oct 5 1910 A 1926Ex20 Ratified Nov 2 1926 Taxing power of countiesvital statistics
A 1926Ex30 Ratified Nov 2 1926 Taxing powers to Fulton County for pensions
A 1929 134 Defeated Nov 4 193C County tax levies for Social Security
A 1937 1124 Ratified June 8 1937 Agricultural agents tax levy
A 1937 1128 Ratified June 8 1937 Chatham County Retirement pay
A 1937 16 Ratified June 8 1937 Fulton and DeKalb Counties educational tax
A 193718 Ratified June 8 1937 Ware County Promotion Fund Tax
A 1937 1129 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 7 Sec 7 Par 1
Augusta flood protection bonds
A 1909 77 Ratified Oct 5 1910 County and city debts
A 1918 99 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Bonded debt of cities of 150000
A 1918 915 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Street improvement bonds cities 150000
A 1920 25 Ratified Nov 2 1920 West Point flood protection bonds
A 1920 29 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Savannah port debt
A 1923 45 Ratified Nov 4 1924 Brunswick port debt
A 1924 33 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Coastal highway district created
A 1924 35 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Crisp County debt
A 1925 72 Ratified Nov 2 1926
Tybee road bond issue
A 1926Ex22 Ratified Nov 2 1926 Lowndes County and Valdosta bond issue
A 1926Ex25 Ratified Nov 2 1926 McIntosh County school bond issue
A 1926Ex28 Ratified Nov 2 1926 Columbus street improvement bonds
A 1927 109 Ratified Nov 6 1928 LaGrange indebtedness
A 1927 113 Ratified Nov 6 1928
269
Temporary loans Fulton Chatham and Richmond Counties
A 1927 122 Ratified Nov 6 1928
Ware County bonded debt
A 1927 124 Ratified Nov 6 1928
Stephens County hospital bonds
A 1929 142 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Washington County temporary loans
A 1929 147 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Elberton bonded debt
A 1929 125 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Cornelia bonded debt
A 1929 121 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Lakeland bonded debt
A 1929 130 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Spalding County Temporary loans
A 1933 29 Ratified Nov 6 1934
Albany Debt Increase
A 1937 7 Ratified June 8 1937
Atlanta Debt Increase
A 1937 13 Ratified June 8 1937
Dublin Debt Increase
A 1937 22 Ratified June 8 1937
Richmond County Temporary Loans
A 1937 26 Ratified June 8 1937
Swainsboro Temporary Loans
A 1937 34 Ratified June 8 1937
Art 7 Sec 8 Par 1
Assumption of county debts
A 1931 97 Ratified Nov 8 1932
Art 8 Sec 1 Par 1
Taxation for common schools
A 1911 46 Ratified Oct 2 1912
Art 8 Sec 2 Par 1
State School Commissioner made elective
A 1894 34 Ratified Oct 7 1896
State School SuperintendentTerm of Office
A 1935 1236 Defeated Nov 3 1936
Art 8 Sec 4 Par 1
Local school tax
A 1903 23 Ratified Oct 5 1904
A 1919 66 Ratified Nov 2 1920
Pierce County high school tax
A 1929 139 Ratified Nov 4 1930
270
Schoolsi contracts
A 1931 105 Ratified Nov 8 1932
Consolidated Schools bonds
A 1931 103 Ratified Nov 8 1932
Art 8 Sec 6 Par 1
University and high school appropriations
A 1920 32 Ratified Nov 2 1920
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 1
Taxes for Fulton County improvements
A 1929 135 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 2
Fixing number of counties
A 1904 47 Ratified Oct 5 1904
Creating new counties as follows
A 1906 28 Ratified Nov 6 1906 Ben Hill
A 1912 38 Ratified Oct 2 1912 Bleckley
A 1912 41 Ratified Nov 5 1912 Wheeler
iA 1914 23 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Bacon1
A 1916 17 Ratified Nov 7 1916 Bacon
A 1914 27 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Barrow
A 1914 29 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Candler
A 1914 33 Ratified Nov 3 1914 Evans
iA 1917 41 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Atkinson
a 1918 106
A 1917 44 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Treutlen
A 1918 102 Ratified Nov 5 1918 Cook
iA 1919 68 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Lanier
IA 1920 19 45
A 1920 34 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Brantley
A 1920 38 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Lamar
A 1920 48 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Long
A 1920 52 Ratified Nov 2 1920 Seminole
A 1922 28 Defeated Nov 2 1922 Peach
A 1924 39 Ratified Nov 4 1924 Peach
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 2A
Consolidation of city and county governments
A 1924 811 Ratified Nov 24 1924
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 6
Taxes for sanitation Glynn and McIntosh counties A 1929 137 Ratified Nov 4 1930
Art 11 Sec 2 Par 1
County officers terms
A 1914 43 Ratified Nov 3 1914
271
Art 11 Sec 3 Far 1
Office of county treasurer
A 1914 42 Ratified Nov 3 1914
Consolidation of offices Tax Receiver and Tax Collector A 1924 815 Ratified Nov 4 1924
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 7
DeKalb County Increased Taxing Power
A 1937 20 Ratified June 8 1937
1940 SUPPLEMENT TO STATE CONSTITUTION 1937 EDITION
Fiftysix amendments are to be addedtwentythree for 1938 thirtythree for 1939
Oj local application only are Two to Art 762 Fulton County fortyfive to Art 771 Adel Atlanta Augusta Bacon County Baxley Beaverdam school Blachshear Blue Ridge Bowden Carrollton Dublin Eastman East Point and College Park Fannin County Fitzgerald FultonFloydDeKalb County schools Gainesville Grady County Greenville Homerville 2 Jefferson Jeffersonville school Kite Macon 2 Nashville Ocilla 2 Pearson PineviewJamestown school Quitman 2 Ray City Reidsville Savannah 3 Sparks Sylvania Tift County Vidalia Willacoochee Willie Coastal Highway two to Art 841 Brantley County schools Floyd County schools one to Art 1111 Cobb County fire prevention one to Art 1132 Fulton County public officers
Of general application are the following
Art 648
Superior CourtsHearings in vacation
A 1939 78 Ratified June 6 1939
Art 613M
Superior CourtsStone Mountain CircuitJudges salary
A 1939 79 Ratified June 6 1939
Art 762
County hospitalization tax
A 193738 39 Ratified Nov 8 1938
Art 762
County conservation tax
A 193839 28 Ratified Nov 8 1938
Art 781
Highway refunding certificates refunding bonds
A 1939 47 Ratified June 6 1939
To date there have been two hundred 200 amendments to the Constitution 1877
272
CHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF PROPOSALS TO AMEND CONSTITUTION OF 1877
Year of Act Proposals R atified Rejected No record
1885 2 2 1886
1887 1 1 1888
1889 2 1 1890 1
1890 1 1 1892
1891 3 3 1892
1893 3 1 1894 2
1894 1 1 1896
1895 1 1 1896
1897 1 1 1898
1899 1 1 1900
1903 2 2 1904
1904 2 2 1904
1905 1 1 1906
1906 2 2 1906
1907 1 1
1908 4 4 1908
1909 1 1 1910
1910 2 2 1910
1911 3 3 1912
1912 5 5 1912
1913 1 1 1914
1914 9 9 1914
1916 5 4 1916 1 1916
1917 4 4 1918
1918 11 11 1918
1919 2 2 1920
1920 10 10 1920
1921 1 1 1922
1922 3 1 1922 2 1922
1923 1 1 1924
1923 Ex 1 1 1924
1924 6 6 1924
1925 2 2 1926
1926 Ex 7 7 1926
1927 8 8 1928
1929 13 8 1930 5 1930
1931 8 6 1932 2 1932
1933 1 1 1934
1935 7 2 1936 51936
1937 26 26 1937
Total 165 144 17 4
273
QMaJVuL1
l4 41
INDEX
to the
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
NoteReference in the Index are made to the Article Section and Paragraph of the provision referred to the original division of the instrument being strictly followed
A
A S P
Absent members of Legislature attendance of compelled 3 4 4
Abuse under arrest or in prison prohibited 119
Of liberty of speech or press responsibility for 1 1 15
Academy incorporated exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Acceptors suits against where tried 6 16 5
Account of Treasurer to be published quarterly 3 7 11
Accusation copy to be furnished defendant on demand 115
Acts amending or repealing must describe the law affected 3 7 17
Local and private authority of 12 1 4
Must be signed by President of Senate and Speaker of House 3 7 13
Requiring twothirds voteyeas and nays must be recorded 3 7 21
Adjournment of Legislature be less than a majority 3 4 4
Consent of both Houses required when 3 7 24
Houses failing to agree Governor may adjourn them 3 7 24
Resolutions of not submitted to Governor 5 1 17
Ad valorem Tax on property shall be 7 2 1
Aged and infirm persons entitled to Homestead 9 11
Aid of State to any religious denomination prohibited 1 1 14
To any person or corporation by lending credit or taking stock
prohibited 7 5 1
To any person or corporation by donation or gratuity prohibited 7 16 1
Aid of County or City to person or corporation prohibited 7 6 1
Amendments to Appropriation and Revenue bills by Senate 3 7 10
To Constitution13 1 1
To statute or code form of amendment act 3 7 17
Animals special tax may be imposed on vicious ones 7 2 1
Appeal from one jury to another in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6
From Ordinary to Superior Court 6 6 1
From Justice of the Peace to Jury or Superior Court 6 7 2
Appellate Jurisdiction of the Superior Court 6 4 4
Appointment of Legislator to another office prohibited 3 4 7
By Governor to fill vacancies 5 1 14
Rejected by Senate effect of 5 1 15
Of State School Commissioner 8 2 1
Apportionment of Representatives how changed 3 3 2
Appropriation Acts authority of 12 13
Bills general and special1 3 7 9
Bills must originate in House of Representatives 3 7 10
Bills yeas and nays must be recorded on 3 7 12
Bills may be approved in part 5 1 16
Necessary to authorize payment by Treasurer 3 7 11
For University of Georgia and College for colored pupils 8 6 1
274
T
A S P
Approval of Governor to Billsl 5 1 16
Of Governor to Resolutions and Orders 5 1 17
Arms right of citizens to bearmanner of bearing 1 1 22
Army of the State Governor is Commander of 5 111
Arrest abuse under prohibited 119
Punishment for rescue from under order either House 3 7 2
Privilege of Elector from 2 3 1
Privilege of member Legislature from 3 7 3
Artificial limbs for Confederate soldiers 7 11
Assemble right of people to do so guaranteed 1 1 24
Associate Justice of Supreme Court 6 2 1
Atlanta City Court of errors corrected in Supreme Court 6 2 5
Attainder bill of prohibitedp 13 2
Attendance of members of the Legislature compelled 3 4 4
Attendance of members of Legislature privileges during 3 7 3
Attorney right to defend or prosecute by 114
Right of Defendant in criminal cases to have 1 1 5
General election of 6 10 1
General duties 6 10 2
General salary 6 13 1
General qualifications 6 14
Authority of Constitution treaties laws judgments etc 12 1
B
Bail shall not be excessive 111
Ballot election by the people shall be by 2 11
Banishment beyond the State prohibited1 1 1 7
Banks may be incorporated by the Legislature 3 7 18
Bequests may be received by the University of Georgia 8 6 1
Bills a number of readings necessary before passage 3 7 7
Majority of all members in favor of necessary to passage 3 7 14
Rejected not again proposed without consent of twothirds 3 7 13
Appropriation and Revenue must originate in House 3 7 10
Appropriations general and special requisites of 3 7 9
Appropriations must be passed by yeas and nays 3 7 12
Revision of by Governor Vetohow overruled 5 1 16
See Local Bills also Acts
Bond required of Secretary of Senate and Clerk of House 3 8 1
Required of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer 5 2 6
Required of Public Printer 7 17 1
Bonded debt not to be increased 7 12 1
Sale of States property to be applied to 7 13 1
Of county or city provisions for meeting 7 7 2
Bonds in cases involving an interested Judge cannot preside 6 2 3
Of State declared void not to be paid or submitted to suit 7 11 1
Of Western Atlantic Railroad paid by proceeds of Road 7 13 1
Boundaries of counties to remain as now till changed by law 11 1 1
Bribery Conviction of disqualifies for office or voting 2 2 1
Bridges established by the courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Bridges Ordinarys jurisdiction in matter of 6 6 2
Bridges taxation by county to keep up 7 6 2
Borrowing money by State laws for must specify purpose 7 4 1
Buildings public exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Public tax by county to maintain 7 6 2
Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Burial places exempt from tax 7 2 2
275
c
Canal Companies may be incorporated by Legislature
Capitol location of ordinance concerning
Capitol site for may be donated to the State
Censure of members of Legislature for misconduct
Certiorari writs of may be issued by Judge Superior Court
Challenge of voter oath to be administered
Conviction of sending or accepting disqualifies for office
Charitable institutions public exempt from taxation
Public aid from county or city
Charter of Corporations amended on conditions
Chief Justice of Supreme Court presides in impeachment trials
see Supreme Court
Children legitimatized and names changed by the courts
Church not to receive money from the State
Citizens of the State who are and right to protection
Of the State entitled to vote when
City aid by donation of taking stock prohibited
Consent before Street Railroad can be built in
Courts of the State need not be uniform
Court appeals and new trials in
Courts errors corrected in Supreme Court
Court Judge may serve in Supreme Court when
Debt to be incurred by limited
Debt bonded provisions for meeting
Debt not to be assumed by State
Debt to be incurred only by authority of City Government
Public schools may be maintained by tax
Civil authority superior to the military
Cases where tried
Cases judgment by Court without jury when
Cases venue how changed
Jurisdication of Superior Court
Jurisdiction of Justices Court
Clerical expenses of Treasurer Secretary of State and Comptroller
General
Clerk of House of Representatives Compensation and Bond of
Clerks of the Governor
Code sections not amended or repealed by reference to numbers
Colleges exempt from taxation
For colored pupilsi
Colored pupils College for
Colored and white public schools to be separate
Commissioner of Schools appointed and salary of
Commissioners of county affairs authorized
Commissioners of county affairs authorized
Committee on Local and Special bills
Common Law Courts may be clothed with equity jurisdiction
Common School Systemsee Education
Commutation power in the Governor
Tax for military services goes to Schools
Companies incorporation of
Volunteer military organization of
Compensation for private ways and public use of property
Of Clerk of House and Secretary of Senate
Of Jurors how fixed
Extra not granted officers or contractors
A S P
3 7 18
12 1 8
7 6 1
3 7 1
6 4 5
2 1 2
2 4 2
7 2 2
7 6 1
4 2 3
3 5 4
3 7 18
1 1 14
1 1 25
2 1 1
7 6 1
3 7 20
6 9 1
6 4 6
6 2 5
6 5 1
7 7 1
7 7 2
7 8 1
7 10 1
8 4 1
1 1 19
6 16 6
6 4 7
6 17 1
6 4 3
6 7 2
5 22 34
3 8 1
5 1 19
3 7 17
7 2 2
8 6 1
8 6 1
8 1 1
8 2 1
6 19 1
11 3 1
3 7 5
6 5 2
8 1 1
5 1 12
8 3 1
3 7 18
10 1 2
1 3 1
3 8 1
6 18
7 16 2
276
A S
Competition arrangements by corporation to defeat void 4 2
ComptrollerGeneral must license Life Insurance companies 3 12
Supervise deposits of Life Insurance Companies 3 12
Officers of Executive Department 5 1
Examination suspension and discharge of 5 1
Election of 5 2
Salary and Clerks hirep 5 2
Eligibility and Bond of 5 2
Perquisites not allowed to 5 2
Must report to Governor 7 15
Confederate Soldiers pensions for 7 1
Public debt not to be paid 7 11
Conscience right of not to be controlled 1 1
Liberty of does not excuse licentiousness 1 1
Consent of parties to vary general law in individual cases 1 4
City to building Street Railroads within its limits 3 7
Constitution of Georgia may be altered or abolished by the people 1 5
Authority of 12 1
Amendments of 13 1
Amendments by Convention 13 1
To be submitted to the people 13 2
And United Stateslaws in violation of void 1 4
And United States authority of 12 1
Constitutional Convention provisions to call 13 1
Construction of Constitution not to deny rights not enumerated 1 5
Contempt limitation of Courts power to punish for 1 1
Either House of General Assembly may punish for 3 7
Contested Election for Governor 5 1
Contracts laws impairing obligation of void 1 3
By Government releasing power to tax void 4 1
By Government heretofore made not impaired 4 2
Between corporations defeat competition void 4 2
Judgments on without verdict when 6 4
Jurisdiction of Justices Court in cases of 6 7
Contractor not to receive extra compensation from Government 7 16
Conventionsee Constitutional Convention and Ordinances
Conviction costs not to be exacted of defendant until 1 1
Does not work corruption or forfeiture 1 2
Of certain offenses disfranchise 2 2
Impeachment vote necessary 3 5
Dueling disqualifies for office 2 4
Copartners suits against where tried 6 16
Coroners County Tax to pay 7 6
Corporate powers what may be granted by Legislature 3 7
Corporators not to be damaged by revocation of charter 1 3
Corporations subject to police power and eminent domain 4 2
Legislation in favor of conditional 4 2
Acts of to defeat competition and monopolize void 4 2
Rights to tax not to be releasedj 7 2
State not to take stock in aid or lend credit to 7 5
County or City not to take stock in aid or lend credit to 7 6
Donations to from State prohibited 7 16
Authority of rights already accrued to 12 1
Municipalsee City
Costs not payable by defendant till conviction 1 1
In Supreme Court 6 21
P
4
2
3
1
18
1
4
6
7
1
1
1
12
13
1
20
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
5
20
2
6
2
1
6
4
7
2
2
10
3
1
4
2
4
2
18
3
2
3
4
5
1
1
1
5
10
1
277
County Commissioners may be created

Debt to be incurred by limited
Debt not to be assumed by State
Debt bonded provisions for meeting
Not to aid or take stock in Corporation
Public Schools may be maintained by
Matters Ordinarys jurisdiction
Officers election term qualification and removal
Officers and tribunals to be uniform in the State
Is a body corporate suits of and boundaries
New one not to be created
Lines and site how changed
Merger of
Special acts authority of1
Corruption of blood not worked by conviction
Courts power to punish for contempt limited
Power in matters denied to Legislature
Of the State
Not mentioned in Constitution may be abolished
Of Common Law may be vested with equity jurisdiction
Of same grade throughout State must be uniform
Courts tax to pay expenses of
Jurisdiction against Homestead denied
Authority of judgments and decrees of
Existing judgments and decrees of ratified
See also Supreme Superior Cityand Justice Courts
Credit of State not to be pledged to Corporations or persons
Creditors law to be provided for reaching concealed property of
debtor
Not to be damaged by revocation of Charteri
Crime conviction in what cases disfranchises
Lobbying declared to be
Criminal cases Jury judges of law and fact
Judge may grant new trial on conviction
Jurisdiction of Superior Court
Rights of defendant in
Where tried
Venue when changed
D
Damages jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of
Death of Governor vacancy how filled
Officer vacancy how filled
Debate liability of Legislators for words spoken in
Debts Public taxation to pay
Public new debt contracted to pay
Power of State to contract restricted
Of County taxation to pay
Power of City or County to Contract restricted
To be incurred by City only on authority of City Government
Of County or City not to be assumed by State
Void and Confederate against State not to be paid
Debtor Concealing Property provisions against
May waive Homestead
May waive Exemptions of the old Code
A S P
6 19 1
11 3 1
7 7 1
7 8 2
7 7 1
7 6 1
8 4 1
6 6 2
11 2 1
11 3 1
11 1 1
11 1 2
11 1 34
11 1 5
12 1 4
1 2 3
1 1 20
3 7 18
6 1 1
6 20 7
6 4 2
6 9 1
7 6 2
9 2 1
12 1 5
12 1 6
7 5 1
1 2 6
1 3 3
2 2 1
1 5 5
1 2 1
1 2 1
6 4 1
1 5
6 16 6
6 17 1
6 7 1
5 1 1
5 1 14
3 7 3
7 1 1
i 3 1
7 3 1
7 6 2
7 7 1
7 10 1
7 8 1
7 11 1
1 2 6
9 3 1
9 5 1
278
A S P
Decrees of Court authority and ratification of 12 1 56
Defaulters of public moneys disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7
Defend or prosecute in person or by attorney right to 1 1 4
Defense under oath not filed Court to render judgment when 6 4 7
Of State debts may be contracted for 7 3 1
Deficiency of Revenue in State supplied by borrowing 7 3 1
Of Revenue in City and County supplied by borrowing 7 7 1
Deposits required of Insurance Companies 3 12
Of public funds Treasurer to receive no profit from 5 2 5
Disabilities may be removed by Governor 5 1 12
Discrimination in Tariff by Railroad regulated 4 2 1
Disorderly behavior in presence of Legislature punished 3 7 12
Disqualification to hold office or vote 2 2 1
Religious opinion is notf 1 1 13
To hold office in more than one department1 1 3
Of illegal holders of public money 2 4 1
Of duelists2 4 2
For Legislature and legislator to other office r 3 4 7
Resulting from impeachment 3 5 5
Of Judge of Supreme Court who presides 6 2 2
Judge of Superior Court who presides 6 4 9
Judge of Superior Court when there is a City Judgei 6 5 1
Of interested Judge in bond cases 6 2 3
District Senatorial number composition and change of 3 21 23
Divorce exclusive jurisdication in Superior Court 6 4 1
First and second verdicts in cases of 6 15 12
Suits where tried 6 16 1
Domestic animals of vicious nature special tax on 7 2 1
Animals tax on goes to educational purposes 8 11
Donations by State prohibited 7 16 1
By State to University allowed 8 6 1
Drawer and Acceptor suits against where tried 8 16 5
Dueling conviction of disqualifies for office 2 2 1
E
Education Common School System established 8 11
Commissioner of Public Schools 8 2 1
Confined to English in local public schools 7 6 2
Confined to English in State public schools 8 11
Poli Tax for purpose of 7 2 3
Special Tax for purposes of 8 3 1
Taxation for purposes of by Stateli 7 1 1
Taxation for purposes of by City or County 7 6 2
Appropriations for purposes of by City or County 7 6 1
Election by the people shall be by ballot 2 11
By the Legislature shall be viva voce 3 10 1
Days furnishing Liquor on prohibited 2 5 1
Privileges of Electors while attending 2 3 1
Precincts changed by Courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Returns where made 2 6 1
Of members General Assembly 3 4 2
Members General Assembly each house to judge of 3 7 1
President of the Senate 3 5 2
Speaker of the House of Representatives 3 6 2
Governor 5 1 3
279
Governor returns how made
Returns opened and published
Governor by General Assembly
Contestedj
Special
To fill vacancies in General Assembly
Of Secretary of State Comp Genl and Treasurer
Judges of Supreme Court
Judges of Superior Court
Judges of Supreme Superior Courts and Sol Genl
Justices of the Peace
Attorney General
By City or County on creating a new debt
City or County on School question
To change County Site
Merge one County into another
Election of County officers
On amendments to Constitution
Ratification of Constitution
Electors who shall be so deemed
Registration of may be provided for
Privileges of while attending elections
Embezzlement of public funds disfranchises
Eminent Domain not to be abridged in favor of Corporations
Encumbrances Homestead liable for removal of
Endorsers suits against where tried
Equal Rights not to be infringed by Corporations
Equity Cases where tried
Jurisdiction is in Superior Court
Jurisdiction may be conferred on Common Law Courts
Errors in Superior and City Courts corrected in Supreme Court
Of inferior judicatories corrected by Certiorari
Estate not forfeited by Conviction
Excessive Bspl an Fines Forbidden
Executive Legislative and Judicial Department are distinct
Department officers of
Department officers of report suspension and removal of
Powers vested in Governor
Exemption from Taxation and void Exemption
From Levy and Sale
From Levy and Sale waiver of
From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act not repealed
From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act waiver
Exhibitions special tax on goes to public schools
Expense of Clerks and Secretaries to Governor
Of Clerks of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treas
surer
Ex Post Facto Law not to be passed
Express Companies chartered by Legislature
Expulsion of Members of General Assembly for misconduct
Extra session of Legislature before November 1st 1878
Sessions of Legislature may be called by Governor
Compensation not to be allowed by Government
A S P
5 1 4
5 1 5
5 1 5
5 1 6
5 1 9
5 1 13
5 2 1
6 2 4
6 3 2
6 12 1
6 7 3
6 10 1
7 7 1
8 4 1
11 1 4
11 1 5
11 2 1
13 1 1
13 2 1
2 1 2
2 2 1
2 3 1
2 2 1
4 2 2
9 2 1
6 16 5
4 2 1
6 16 3
6 4 1
6 4 2
6 2 5
6 4 5
1 2 3
1 1 9
1 1 23
5 1 1
5 1 18
5 1 2
7 22 45
9 1 1
9 3 1
9 4 1
9 5 1
8 3 1
5 1 18
5 22 34
1 3 2
3 7 18
3 7 1
3 4 3
5 1 13
7 16 2
280
F
A S P
Family each Head of entitled to Homestead 9 11
Fees not allowed officers of Executive Department 5 2 7
Not allowed Attorney General 6 13 1
Felony exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1
Females persons having care of entitled to Homestead 9 11
Ferries established by Courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Ordinarys jurisdiction concerning 6 6 2
Fines imposed must not be excessive 119
Imposed on member of Legislature for misconduct 3 7 1
Fire Insurance Companies deposit required of 3 12 4
Foreign Power Governor to receive no Emolument from 5 12
Forfeiture of Estate not brought about by conviction 12 3
Of Recognizance relieved against when 3 7 19
Of Charter remitted only on conditions 4 2 3
Fraud Legislature may provide Punishment for 1 2 6
Judgments attacked for 12 1 5
f Free Schoolssee Education 8 11
Freight on Railroads subject to regulation by law 4 2 1
Rebate not allowed nor deceit as to amount charged 4 2 5
Furniture Waiver of Exemption not good against all 9 3 1
Funds of county Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Of Public officers not to profit from use of 7 9 1
Sinking provided for 7 14 1
G
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Consisting of Senate and House is the Legislative power 3 11
Members of elected for two years 3 4 1
Election when held 3 4 2
Election returns where made 2 6 1
Attendance of required 3 4 4
Oath of 3 4 5
Who are disqualified to be 3 4 7
Disqualified for certain other offices 3 4 7
Not to profit from use of public funds 7 9 1
Not to be interested in public printing 7 17 1
Seats of vacated by removal 3 4 8
Punished for misconduct in each House 3 7 1
Privileges of 3 7 3
Per diem and mileage of 3 9 1
Majority of ajl necessary to passage of bill 3 7 14
Officers of who are 3 8 1
Quorum of to transact business 3 4 4
Adjournment by less than a quorum 3 4 4
Adjournment for more than three days etc 3 37 24
Election by shall be viva voce 3 10 1
Of judges of Supreme Court by 1st election 6 2 4
Of Judges of Superior Court by 1st election 6 3 2
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts and Solicitors General 6 12 1
Of Governor by when 5 15
Of Governor contested determined by 5 1 6
May pardon commute or reprieve for treason 5 1 12
May direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3 1
281
A S P
Sessions of are biannualJL 3 4 3
Of limited to 10 days in Januaryp 3 4 3
Of limited to 60 days in July 3 4 3
Of extra may be called by Governor 5 1 13
Of joint held in Representative Hall 3 10 1
Each House of may compel attendance of members 3 4 4
Is judge of election and qualification of its members 3 7 1
May punish for misconduct 3 7 12
Must keep a Journal 3 7 4
Has general power of legislation 3 7 22
HAS POWER BY LAW TO
Provide punishment for fraud 12 6
For registration of voters 2 2 1
For removal Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and
Treasurer 5 1 18
For appeals in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6
For appointments of Judge pro hac vice 6 4 9
Commissioners for county affairs 6 19 1
For organizing the Militia 10 1 1
Prescribe manner of bearing arms 1 1 22
Number of Jurors in Inferior Courts 6 18 1
Who shall vote on School questions 8 4 1
Change Senatorial Districts when 3 2 3
Apportionment of Representatives 3 3 2
Governors Salary by two thirds vote 6 1 2
Salaries of Judges Attorneys and Solicitors General 6 13 2
Substitute another officer for School Commissioner 8 2 1
Established Courts7 6 11
Abolish Courts not named in Constitution 6 20 2
Confer Equity jurisdiction on Common Law Courts 6 4 2
Authorize formation of Volunteer Companies 10 1 2
Require Fire Insurance Companies to make deposit 3 12 4
Subject corporate property to public use when 4 2 1
Sell States property7 13 1
Make donations to University of Georgia 8 6 1
Make donations to Colleges for colored people 8 6 1
Amend Constitution in manner provided 13 1 1
Call Constitutional Convention as provided 13 1 2
SHALL BY LAW
Limit power of Courts to punish for Contempt 1 1 20
Protect citizens in their right 1 1 25
Provide penalty against Lottery Agents 12 4
Provide penalty against Lobbying 12 5
Prohibit furnishing Liquor on election days 3 5 1
Provide penalty against Treasurer receiving unlawful fee 5 2 5
Provide for reaching concealed property of Debtor 1 2 6
Compel Insurance Companies to report to Governor 3 12 5
Regulate Freight and Passenger Tariff 4 2 1
Enforce provisions against monopolies etc 4 2 7
Establish uniformity in local tribunals 6 9 1
Provide for selection and compensation of jurors 6 18 23
A sinking fund 7 14 1
For letting Public Printing to highest bidder 7 17 1
282
Setting apart and valuation of Homestead
For appeals in Superior and City Courts
SHALL NOT PASS ANY LAW
To restrain or curtail liberty of speech or press
Respecting social status of citizens
Of Attainder ex post facto impairing contracts
Making irrevocable grants of special privileges
To revoke grants to injury of creditors of corporators
Of special nature when general law provides
Varying general laws affecting private rights without consent
In violation of Constitution of Georgia or the United States
Referring to more than one matter or different form title
Incorporating companies except for class named
Relieving against recognizances except as stated
Authorizing Street Railroad in city without citys consent
For benefit of particular corporations except on conditions
Authorizing one corporation to buy stocs in another County or
City to aid persons or corporations
Payment of void bonds or Confederate debts
Granting donation or gratuity to persons or corporations
Extra compensation to officers or contractors
See Tax
God may be worshipped according to dictates of conscience
Governor an officer of the Executive Department
Executive powers vested in
Salary term and limitations of terms of office
Election installation and terms of election of
Of by the Legislature when
Qualification and oath of
Death resignation or disability of
Secretary and Clerks of
Is Commander of the Army and Conservator of the Peace
May adjourn the Legislature when
Call Extra Session of the Legislature
Direct affixing of the Great Seal
Pardon reprieve commute and remit penalties
Remove disabilities
With the Treasurer loan the Sinking Fund
Require services of Attorney General
Shall order elections to fill vacancies in Legislature
Fill vacancies in other offices
Offices of Judges and Solicitors General
Appoint State School Commissioner
Judge to preside in Supreme Court when
Commission Notaries Public exofficio Justices of Peace
Examine and Publish Report of Comptroller and Treasurer
Proclaim result of Election on Constitution
Cannot appoint member of Legislature to office
A person rejected by Senate when
Has revision of bills and resolutions of Legislature
Supervision over Executive officers
Government originates with people duty of
Exclusive right of the people to regulate
Legislature Executive and Judicial Departments distinct
A S P
9 4 1
6 4 6
1 1 15
1 1 18
1 3 2
1 3 2
1 3 3
1 4 1
1 4 1
1 4 2
3 7 8
3 7 18
3 7 19
3 7 20
4 2 3
7 6 1
7 11 1
7 17 1
7 16 2
1 1 12
5 1 1
5 1 2
5 1 2
5 1 14
5 1 5
5 17 10
5 1 8
5 1 19
5 11 11
3 7 24
5 1 13
5 3 1
5 1 12
5 1 12
7 14 1
6 10 2
5 1 13
5 1 14
6 12 1
8 2 1
6 2 2
6 8 1
7 15 1
13 2 2
3 4 7
5 1 15
5 1 17
5 1 18
1 1 12
1 5 1
1 1 23
283
A S P
Support of by taxation 7 11
Grants limiting power to tax void 4 1 1
Irrevocable of special privileges void 1 3 2
Not to be revoked as to work injustice 1 3 3
Great Seal of the State use and device of 5 3 1
Guardian of minors entitled to Homestead 9 1 1
H
Habeas Corpus Writ shall not be suspended 1 1 11
Head of family entitled to Homestead 9 11
Homestead and Exemption to whom allowed and amount of 9 1 1
Not subject to levy and sale 9 2 1
Waiver and sale of 9 3 1
Setting apart of to be provided for 9 4 1
Supplemental 9 6 1
Already allowed good against old debt 9 7 1
Ordinance effect of 12 1 8
Of 1868 sales of confirmed 9 8 1
Of 1868 sales and reinvestments of 9 9 1
Under DebtorsAct not repealed 9 4 1
Under Debtors Act Waiver of 9 5 1
House secure from search except as provided 1 1 16
Soldiers not to be quartered in except as provided 1 1 19
Of RepresentativesSee Representatives
Household Furniture waiver of exemption on 9 3 1
Husbands debts wifes property not liable for 3 11 1
I
Idiots disqualified to vote or hold office 2 2 1
Immunities special not to be irrevocable granted 13 2
Not to be revoked so as to work justice 13 3
Impeachment power in House of Representatives 3 6 3
Power to tryin the Senate 3 5 3
Chief Justice to preside at trial of 3 5 4
Vote necessary to convict 3 5 4
Effect of convictionj 3 5 5
Governor cannot pardon in case of 5 1 12
Imprisonment abuse under forbidden 119
For debt prohibited 1 1 21
For misbehavior in presence of Legislature 3 7 12
Improvement on Homestead is part of 9 2 1
Indictment copy to be furnished defendant on demand 1 1 5
Inferior Judicatories errors of corrected by Certiorari 6 4 5
Infirm persons entitled to Homestead 9 11
Inherent rights not enumerated and not denied 1 5 2
Insane persons not entitled to vote or hold office 2 2 1
Inspection by Governor of Executive Officers 5 1 18
Installation of Governor 5 1 3
Insurance Department expense of 5 2 4
Companies to make reports to Governor 3 12 5
Chartered by Legislature 3 7 18
Fire deposit made with Treasury 3 12 4
Foreign and Home Life deposits required 3 12 13
Foreign Life Comptroller General to license 3 12 2
284
A S
Interest on Public Debt taxation authorized to pay 7 1
Intoxicating drinks not to be furnished on election days 2 5
Insurrection and invasion in time of Bills may pass summarily
Tax to suppress 7 1
Bonded debt incurred to suppress 7 12
Debts contracted to suppress 7 3
Contracted by city or county to suppress assumed by State 7 8
Invasionsee Insurrection
Investment of funds raised by sale of homestead 9 3
Irrevocable grants of special privileges void 1 3
J
Jeopardy more than once for same offense prohibited 1 1
Joint obligors suit against where tried 6 16
Owner in property State shall not become 7 5
Journal each House of the General Assembly shall keep 3 7
Original preserved in the office of Secretary of State 3 7
Yeas and nays to be recorded in at request of onefifth 3 7
Yeas and nays to be recorded in when two thirds vote is required 3 7
Must show majority of all members voted for bills passed 3 7
Must contain proposed amendments to Constitution 13 1
Of House must contain vote of elections by Legislature 3 10
Judge disqualified to preside in bond cases if interested in the bonds 6 2
Pro hac vice Legislature may authorize 6 4
May grant new trials in cases of conviction 1 2
See Supreme Superior and City Courts
Judicial Legislative and Executive Departments distinct 1 1
Powers of the State where vested 6 1
Judiciary to declare unconstitutional acts void 1 4
Judgment of Impeachment extent of 3 5
Of Supreme Court may be withheld one term 6 2
Without verdict of Jury when 6 4
Of Courts authority of 12 1
Heretofore rendered ratified 12 1
Jurisdiction of Supreme Court 6 2
Of Superior Court 6 4
Of Superior Court Appellate 6 4
Of Ordinary 6 6
Of Ordinary County matters 6 6
Of Justices of the Peace 6 7
Against Homestead denied 9 2
Jury right of trial by an impartial 1 1
Right of trial by Guaranteed 6 18
Judges of law and fact in criminal cases 1 2
Appeal from one to another in Superior and City Courts 6 4
From Justice of the Peace to 6 7
Grand to recommend Commissioned Notary for appointment 6 8
Grand and Traverse selection and qualification of 6 18
Compensation of how fixed 6 18
Tax by county to pay 7 6
Justice of the Peace may be member of Legislature 3 4
Part of Judiciary 6 1
Election Commission and removal of 6 7
Term of 6 7
Jurisdiction Sessions and Appeals 6 7
ExOfficio 6 8
P
1
1
7
1
1
1
1
1
2
8
4
1
4
5
6
21
14
1
1
3
9
1
23
1
2
5
7
7
5
6
5
1
4
1
2
2
1
5
1
1
6
2
1
2
3
2
7
1
3
1
2
1
285
K
Kitchen furniture waiver of exemption of
L
Labor done on Homestead Homestead is liable for
Land cases involving title to brought in Superior Court
Cases involving title to tried at what place
Homestead and Exemption on
Larceny conviction of disfranchises
Law due process of required to affect rights of persons
Laws of general nature must have uniform operation
Of general nature affecting private rights how varied
Unconstitutional are void
For more than one matter or different from title void
Majority vote of all members necessary to pass
For tax shall be general
Not repealed or amended by reference to title alone
For borrowing money must be specific
To change county lines must be a general law
Of general operation
Of United States authority of
Of Georgia authority of
Local and special authority of
See Local also General Assembly
Learning Seminaries of exempt from taxation
Legislative power is in the General Assembly
Executive and Judicial Departments distinct
LegislatureSee General Assembly
Legitimate Children power in Courts
Levy and Sale exemptions from
Libels in prosecutions for truth may be given in evidence
Liberty person to be deprived of only by due process of law
Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense
Of Conscience not to be controlled
Of speech or press not to be curtailed
Libraries Public may be exempt from taxation
Licentiousness not excused on account of liberty of Conscience Life person not to be deprived of but by due process of law
Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense
Crimes involving jurisdiction in Superior Court
See Insurance
Lines of County to be changed under operation of general law
Liquor special tax on for Educational purposes
Not to be furnished on Election days
List of witnesses to be furnished to defendant on demand
Litigation tax by County to pay expenses of
Literary Associations may be exempt from taxation
Loans to State for casual deficiencies of revenue
County or City for canal deficiencies of revenue
Of sinking Fund by Governor and Treasurer
Lobbying is a crime Legislature must provide a penalty
Publication of before passed
Acts authority of
School Systems existing not affected hereby
Lottery Tickets sale of prohibited
A S P
9 3 1
9 2 1
6 4 1
6 16 2
9 1 1
2 2 1
1 1 3
1 4 1
1 4 1
1 4 2
3 7 8
3 7 14
7 2 1
3 7 17
7 4 1
11 1 3
12
12 1 1
12 1 3
12 1 2
7 2 2
3 1 1
1 1 23
3 7 18
9 1 1
1 2 1
1 1 3
1 1
1 1 12
1 1 15
7 2 2
1 1 13
1 1 3
1 1 8
6 4 1
11 1 3
8 3 1
2 5 1
1 1 5
7 6 2
7 2 2
7 3 1
7 7 1
7 14 1
1 2 5
3 7 15
12 1 4
8 5 1
1 2 4
286
M
A S P
Macon and Brunswick Railroad if sold proceeds where applied 7 13 1
Majority of each branch of Legislature constitute quorum 3 4 4
Of all members of each House necessary to pass bill 3 7 14
Malfeasance in office disfranchises 2 2 1
Malpractice in office by Justice of the Peace removal for 6 7 3
Mandamus issued by Judge of Superior Court 6 4 6
Marriage does not divest wife of her property 3 11
M aterial furnished Homestead it is liable for 9 2 1
Matter different from title not to be contained in bill 3 7 8
Members of General AssemblySee General Assembly
Merger of counties 11 1 5
Message of Governor 5 1 13
Mileage of the members of the General Assembly 3 9 1
Military authority subordinate to Civil 1 1 19
Commission except in Militia disqualifies for Legislature 3 4 7
Service commutation for goes to Public Schools 8 3 1
Companies Volunteer organizations 10 1 2
Companies Volunteer paid only when called by State 10 1 3
Militia officers may be members of Legislature 3 4 7
Governor is Commander in chief of 5 1 11
District one Justice of the Peace for each 6 7 1
District one commissioned Notary for each 6 8 1
Organization of may be provided for 10 1 1
Paid only when called out by State 10 1 3
Minors family of entitled to Homestead 9 11
Ministerial officer not to levy on Homestead 9 2 1
Misconduct of member of Legislature how punished 3 7 1
Mistrial in criminal cases authorizes a second trial 118
Money not to be donated by State to any Church etc 1 1 14
Illegal holders of public disqualified for office 2 4 1
Public defaulters of disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7
Authority and manner of drawing from Treasury 3 7 11
Borrowed by State laws for and use of 7 4 1
Monopoly provisions against 4 2 4
Municipal Corporationssee City
N
Names of children changed by Courts 3 7 18
Navigation Companies chartered by Legislature 3 7 18
Navy of State Governor is Commander of 5 1 11
New trial in criminal cases authorizes second trial 118
In criminal cases may be granted on conviction 12 1
May be granted by Superior and City Court 6 4 6
Counties not to be formed 11 1 2
Notaries Public commissioned part ol Judiciary 6 11
Appointment commission and powers 6 8 1
Novation of Charter what shall so operate 4 2 3
O
Oath of voter if challenged 2 12
Of member of General Assembly 3 4 5
Of Governor 5 1 10
To pleas3v 6 4 7
287
A S P
Obligation of contracts not to be impaired by law 1 3 2
Of contracts heretofore made by State binding 4 2 6
Office illegal holders of public money ineligible for 2 4 1
Who may not hold 2 2 1
Impeachment removes from and disqualifies for 3 5 5
Profiting from use of public money disqualifies for 7 9 1
Conviction of Duelling disqualifies forr 2 4 2
Religious opinion does not disqualify for 1 1 13
In gift of Governor or Legislature legislator disqualified for 3 4 7
Malfeasance in disfranchises 2 2 1
Officers and trustees of the people and amenable to them 111
Of one department disqualifies to act in another 1 1 23
Returns of election of where made 2 6 1
Of State or the United States disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7
Of Militia or Justice of the Peace may be legislator 3 4 7
Of General Assembly who are 5 11
Of Executive Department who are 3 8 1
Of Executive Department report suspension and removal of 5 1 18
Profiting from use of public fund punishable 7 9 1
Extra compensation to after service prohibited 7 16 2
Not to be interested in Public Printing 7 17 1
Not to levy on Homestead 9 2 1
Of County election removal and disqualification of 11 2 1
Of County to be uniform except Commissioners 11 3 1
Now existing to continue till successor qualified 12 1 7
Order passed by Legislator must have Governors approval 5 1 17
Ordinances rejected not to be again proposed unless by twothirds vote 3 7 13
Must have but one subject matter and same as title 3 7 8
Of the Convention authority of 12 1 3
Of the Convention to have effect of laws 12 1 8
See Ordinances in Appendix
Ordinary Courts of part of Judiciary 6 11
Courts of jurisdiction of 6 6 1
Term of office 6 6 3
Origin of Government is with the people 111
P
Papers secure from search and seizure except as provided 1 1 16
Pardon removes political disabilities of convict 2 2 1
Of Duelists removes political disabilities of convict 2 4 2
Power in Governor must report to the Legislature 5 1 12
Passage of bills reading necessary 3 7 7
Of Bills majority of all members necessary 3 7 14
Passenger Tariffrestriction on 4 2 15
Paupers jurisdiction of Ordinary 6 6 2
Affidavit relieves from costs in Supreme Court 6 21 1
Tax for support of 7 6
Paysee Compensation Salary
Peace soldiers not to be quartered in houses in time of 1 1 19
Governor is conservator ofZ 5 1 12
Penitentiary crimes punishable in to be tried in Superior Court 6 4 1
Per diem of members of the Legislature 3 9 1
Perquisites not allowed officers Executive Department 5 2 7
Not allowed Attorney General 6 13 1
From use of public funds by officers punishable 7 9 1
288