Manual of the General Assembly of the state of Georgia, 1927-1928

THE LIBRARY
OF
THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
Geet j A r w b
MANUAL
OF THE
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
The State of Georgia
19271928
BY
DEVEREAUX F McCLATCHEY
Secretary of the Senate AND
E B MOORE
Clerk of the House of Representatives
1927
Stein Printing Company State Printers Atlanta Ga
GENERAL
0 N 1 VERSiTV Athens
Library
OF G LORO I A Georgia
NOVI S1
STATE OF GEORGIA
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT
LAMARTIN GRIFFIN HARDMANGovernor
JOHN B WILSONPrivate Secretary to Governor
MRS MATTIE H CARRINGTONExecutive Secretary
S G McLENDONSecretary of State and Ex Off Motor
Vehicle Commissioner
WILLIAM A WRIGHTComptroller General and Ex Off Insurance
Commissioner
WILLIAM J SPEERState Treasurer
GEORGE M NAPIERAttorney General
M L DUGGANState Superintendent of Schools
HOMER C PARKER Adjutant General
EUGENE TALMADGECommissioner of Agriculture
A M STEADDrug Inspector
JOHN H ANDREWSPure Food Inspector
W A MORGANState Chemist
E LEE WORSHAMState Entomologist
J N SUTTONState Veterinarian
ALBERT BURTON MOBLEY State Superintendent of Banks
H M STANLEYCommissioner of Commerce and Labor and
Ex Off Chairman Industrial Commission
PETER S TWITTY Commissioner of Game and Fish
DR T F ABERCROMBIEState Board of Health Secretary
JOHN N HOLDERChairman State Highway Board
MISS BEVERLY WHEATCROFTLibrary Commission Secretary
JOHN W CLARKPension Commissioner
JOSEPHUS CAMPSuperintendent of Public Printing
JUDGE R E DAVISON1 Chairman Prison Commission
J A PERRYChairman Public Service Commission
JOHN M VANDIVERCommissioner of Revenue
W T THURMAN Keeper of Public Buildings
LILLIAN HENDERSONActing Superintendent Roster Commission
M C BENNETTSecretary Securities Commission
SAMUEL J SLATEState Auditor
B M LUFBURROWState Forester
S W McCALLIEState Geologist
MISS RUTH BLAIRState Historian
MISS ELLA MAY THORNTONState Librarian
ROBERT CLAUDE NORMANState Tax Commissioner
J G C BLOODWORTH JRDirector Veterans Service Bureau
MISS RHODA KAUFMANSecretary Board of Public Welfare
VJ t 1 I M
V
OFFICERS
OF THE
SENATE
1927 AND 1928
E B DYKES President
VIENNA
E D RIVERSPresident Pro Tem
LAKELAND
D F McCLATCHEYSecretary
ATLANTA
A G STROTHER Messenger
LINCOLNTON
A P GRIFFIN Doorkeeper
DECATUR

32254
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MEMBERS
OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA
BY DISTRICTS
19271928
First DistrictBryan Chatham Effingham SHELBY MYRICKSavannah
Second DistrictLiberty Long McIntosh Tattnall H H ELDERSReidsville
Third DistrictAppling Brantley Jeff Davis Wayne W S COURSONLulaton
Fourth DistrictCamden Charlton Glynn MILLARD REESE Brunswick
Fifth DistrictAtkinson Clinch Ware B G OBERRY Jr WiUacoochee
Sixth DistrictBerrien Cook Echols Lanier Lowndes E D RIVERS Lakeland
Seventh DistrictBrooks Grady Thomas
S MORTON TURNERQuitman
Eighth DistrictDecatur Miller Mitchell Seminole JOHN E DRAKEBainbridge
Ninth DistrictBaker Calhoun Early JOHN D HADDOCKDamascus
Tenth DistrictDougherty Lee Worth F VASON Albany
Eleventh DistrictClay Randolph Terrell EARLE E COCKEDawson
Twelfth DistrictQuitman Stewart Webster DR LOREN GARYGeorgetown
3
Thirteenth DistrictMacon Schley Sumter H WILLIS HOGGEUaville
Fourteenth DistrictBleckley Dooley Pulaski
E B DYKESVienna
Fifteenth DistrictMontgomery Toombs Wheeler R F JORDAN Glenwood
Sixteenth DistrictEmanuel Johnson Laurens Treutlen DR J M PAGEDublin
Seventeenth DistrictBurke Jenkins Screven
H L HOWARDSylvania
Eighteenth DistrictGlascock Jefferson Richmond
I S PEEBLES JrAugusta
Nineteenth DistrictGreene Taliaferro Warren JOHN F HOLDENCrawfordville
Twentieth DistrictBaldwin Hancock Washington JOHN C LEWISSparta
Twentyfirst DistrictJones Twiggs Wilkinson
J B JACKSONGray
Twentysecond DistrictBibb Lamar Monroe Pike NAT R WINSHIPMacon
Twentythird DistrictCrawford Houston Taylor
F M GREENEPerry
Twentyfourth DistrictChattahoochee Marion Muscogee
JOE S BURGINBuena Vista
Twentyfifth DistrictHarris Talbot Upson
J J CHILDSThomaston
Twentysixth DistrictButts Fayette Spalding
JOE GASTONJackson
Twentyseventh DistrictBarrow Oconee Walton
L F JOHNSONWatkinsville
Twentyeighth DistrictJasper Morgan Putnam W H KEYMonticello
4
Twentyninth DistrictColumbia Lincoln McDuffie JAS H BOYKINLincolnton
Thirtieth DistrictElbert Hart Madison DR A S J STOVALLElberton
Thirtyfirst DistrictFranklin Habersham Stephens J O EDWARDSClarkesville
Thirtysecond DistrictDawson Lumpkin White J A STEPHENSDougherty
Thirtythird DistrictBanks Hall Jackson B DUNCANFlowery Branch
Thirtyfourth DistrictDeKalb Newton Rockdale
R P LESTERIjjfCovington
Thirtyfifth DistrictClayton Fulton Henry W C HENDRIX Hurt Bldg Atlanta
Thirtysixth DistrictCampbell Coweta Meriwether D B BULLARDPalmetto
Thirtyseventh DistrictCarroll Heard Troup H THOMPSONLaGrange
Thirtyeighth DistrictHaralson Paulding Polk J J MANGHAMBremen
Thirtyninth DistrictCherokee Cobb Douglas
H S WILLINGHAM1Marietta
Fortieth DistrictRabun Towns Union
S G MILLERBlairsville
FortyfirstDistrictFannin Gilmer Pickens WILL RICHARDSJasper
Fortysecond DistrictBartow Chattooga Floyd
T J ANDERSONSummerville R 1
Fortythird DistrictGordon Murray Whitfield
A B DAVIDCalhoun
Fortyfourth DistrictCatoosa Dade Walker J RALPH ROSSERLaFayette
5
Fortyfifth DistrictBen Hill Irwin Telfair
JNO M WILLIAMSFitzgerald
Fortysixth DistrictBacon Coffee Pierce
WALTER BENNETTCoffee
Fortyseventh DistrictColquitt Tift Turner
E P BOWENTifton
Fortyeighth DistrictCrisp Dodge Wilcox
C H PEACOCKEastman
Fortyninth DistrictBulloch Candler Evans
HOWELL CONE Statesboro
Fiftieth DistrictClarke Oglethorpe Wilkes
J K PATRICKAthens
Fiftyfirst DistrictForsyth Gwinnett Milton JOHN I KELLEYLawrencevill
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Standing Committees of the Senate
19271928
ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND
Winship Chairman Greene ViceChairman
Anderson Oberry
Bennett Peacock
Brgin Stovall
Holden Willingham
AGRICULTURE
Cocke Chairman Williams ViceChairman
Bowen Key
Childs Lester
David Mangham
Drake Peacock
Elders Rivers
Gary Stephens
Greene Thompson
Gaston Vason
Haddock Jordan
Hogg
APPROPRIATIONS
Rivers Chairman Miller ViceChairman
Bowen Jordan
Bullard Lester
Childs Lewis
Cone Myrick
Cocke Page
David Patrick
Edwards Peacock
Elders Peebles
v Gary Richards
Gaston Stephens
Greene Thompson
Johnson Williams
Winship
8
AUDITING
Duncan Chairman Hogg ViceChairman
Boykin Lester
Burgin Miller
Johnson
BANKS AND BANKING
David Chairman Bowen ViceChairman
Cocke Myrick
Duncan Peacock
Hendrix Richards
Holden Rivers
Howard Thompson
Jordan Turner
Key Mangham Vason
COMMERCE AND LABOR
Edwards Chairman Johnson ViceChairman
Bowen Kelley
Elders Peebles
Gaston Stovall
Hendrix Willingham Williams
CONGRESSIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE
REAPPOINTMENT
Williams Chairman Courson ViceChairman
Boykin Kelley
Edwards Mangham
Hogg Oberry
Jackson Page
9
CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS
Cone Chairman Jackson ViceChairman
Boykin Jordan
Bowen Lewis
Bullard Miller
Burgin Myrick
Cocke Peebles
Courson Reese
David Rivers
Elders Rosser
Gaston Stephens
Hendrix Stovall
Holden Thompson
Howard Winship
CORPORATIONS
Peacock Chairman Myrick ViceChairman
Bullard Peebles
Cocke Rosser
Hendrix Turner
Holden Vason
Jackson Winship
COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS
Richards Chairman Williams ViceChairman
Bullard Hogg
Drake Johnson
Elders Jordan
Gaston Miller
Haddock Peacock Rivers
DRAINAGE
Courson Chairman Haddock ViceChairman
Bennett Vason
Jordan Williams
Lester Mangham Willingham
10
EDUCATION AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Greene Chairman Elders ViceChairman
Bennett Jackson
Boykin Jordan
Brgin Kelley
Cone Lester
Drake Miller
Edwards Peacock
Howard Peebles
Rivers
ENGROSSING
Lester Chairman Stephens ViceChairman
Anderson Haddock
Childs Lewis
Duncan
ENROLLMENT
Howard Chairman Bullard ViceChairman
Bennett Johnson
Gaston Stephens
FINANCE
Hendrix Chairman Peacock ViceChairman
Boykin Kelley
Bowen Key
Bullard Myrick
Cocke Page
Cone Reese
David Rosser
Drake Thompson
Elders Turner
Greene Vason
Jordan
il
FORESTRY
Jordan Chairman Courson ViceChairman
Childs
Cocke
Elders
Gaston
Haddock
Lester
Mangham
Miller
Myrick
Reese
GAME AND FISH
Peebles Chairman Gaston ViceChairman
Courson Rivers
Elders Rosser
Haddock Winship
Myrick Duncan
GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER ONE Lewis Chairman Key ViceChairman
Bullard Myrick
Cocke
Drake
Greene
Miller
Oberry Richards Rivers Rosser
GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER TWO
Reese Chairman
Cone
David
Edwards
Elders
Hendrix
Turner ViceChairman
Howard
Jackson
Kelley
Peebles
Thompson
12
HALLS AND ROOM
Childs Chairman Willingham
ViceChairman
Anderson Oberry
Bennett
HIGHWAYS
Thompson Chairman Kelley ViceChairman
Boykin Jordan
Bowen Key
Bullard Mangham
Cocke Miller
David Myrick
Drake Page
Duncan Peacock
Edwards Richards
Elders Rivers
Gary Stephens
Gaston Stovall
Greene Turner
Hendrix Williams
Hogg
Howard
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Patrick Chairman Stovall ViceChairman
Bennett Miller
Bullard Page
Brgin Rivers
Cocke Rosser
Gary Willingham
Lewis
13
Hogg Chairman
INSURANCE
Bullard ViceChairman
Childs
Duncan
Greene
Haddock
Holden
Lester
Peebles
Thompson
Willingham
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS
Brgin Chairman Bennett ViceChairman
Anderson
Childs
Johnson
Mangham
Willingham
JOURNALS
Oberry Chairman Greene ViceChairman
Brgin Haddock
Courson Lester
MANUFACTURERS
Bowen Chairman Jackson ViceChairman
Brgin
Courson
David
Holden
Mangham
Peacock
Turner
Vason
Winship
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Willingham Chairman
Bullard
Cocke
Gaston
Kelley
Hendrix ViceChairman
Oberry
Reese
Turner
14
MINES AND MINING
Stephens Chairman Richards ViceChairman
Anderson
Duncan
Hogg
Miller
Myrick
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
Key Chairman Lewis ViceChairman
Myrick Richards Rivers Rosser Stephens
PENITENTIARY
Gaston Chairman Elders ViceChairman
Bullard
Cocke
Drake
Gaston
Cocke
Drake
Duncan
Edwards
Gary
Greene
Jackson
Stephens
Williams
PENSIONS
Anderson Chairman
Bowen
Childs
Duncan
Edwards
Greene
Hendrix
Holden ViceChairman
Jackson
Kelley
Page
Peacock
Peebles
Stovall
Willingham
Winship
15
PRIVILEGES
Elders Chairman
Bullard David Drake Gaston
PRIVILEGES
Holden Chairman
Bennett
Burgin
David
PUBLIC
Stovall Chairman
Greene
Haddock
Holden
AND ELECTIONS Rosser ViceChairman
Key
Lewis
Miller
Richards
Rivers
OF THE FLOOR
Howard ViceChairman
Mangham Stovall
LIBRARY
Boykin VicChairman
Patrick Turner
PUBLIC
Johnson Chairman
Boykin
Courson
PUBLIC
Boykin Chairman
Hendrix Jackson Key
PRINTING
Lester ViceChairman
Drake
Vason
PROPERTY
Haddock ViceChairman
Myrick
Page
Reese
16
RAILROADS
Bullard Chairman Oberry ViceChairman
Cone Myrick
David Reese
Drake Richards
Elders Rivers
Gaston Rosser
Hendrix Stephens
Lewis Winship RULES
President of Senate Myrick ViceChairman
Chairman
Bowen Jordan
Bullard Lewis
Cocke Miller
Cone Reese
David Rivers
Elders Rosser
Greene Thompson
Hendrix
SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Mangham Chairman Willingham ViceChairman
Anderson Patrick
Gary Rosser
Page Stovall Thompson
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Drake Chairman Rosser ViceChairman
Boykin Howard
Elders Key
Gary Lester
Gaston Peebles
17
STATE OF THE REPUBLIC
Haddock Chairman Johnson ViceChairman
Cone Howard
Courson
STATE SANITARIUM
Page Chairman
Drake ViceChairman
Bennett
Holden
Howard
Lewis
Oberry
Patrick
Peacock
Peebles
Stephens
Stovall
Turner
Winship
TEMPERANCE
Bennett Chairman
Anderson
Cone
Duncan
Childs ViceChairman
Johnson
Kelley
Patrick
TRAINING SCHOOLS
Vason Chairman
Hendrix ViceChairman
Greene
Lester
Lewis
Mangham
Page
Patrick
Winship
TUBERCULOSIS SANITARIUM AT ALTO
Page Chairman
Edwards ViceChairman
Courson
Duncan
Holden
Gary
Lester
Mangham
Patrick
Stephens
Stovall
18
UNIFORM LAWS
Jackson Chairman Key ViceChairman
Boykin Reese v
Brgin Willingham
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
Miller Chairman Patrick ViceChairman
Bowen Kelley
Bullard Key
Cocke Lewis
Gary Oberry
Greene Peebles
Hendrix Rosser
Holden Thompson
Johnson Turner
W AND A RAILROAD
Rosser Chairman Willingham ViceChairman
Bowen Kelley
Burgin Key
David Lewis
Duncan Miller
Edwards Patrick
Gary Reese
Hogg Richards
Johnson Stephens
Jordan Turner
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RULES OF THE SENATE
ADOPTED FOR TERM OF 19271928
y
THE PRESIDENT
Rule 1 The President shall in his discretionsuspend irrelevant debate and command silence when ever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the Senate the President shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the Senate shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the President may vote
Rule 3 When two or more Senators shall rise at the same time the President shall name the Senator entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the President unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 5 The method of stating the question on any motion by the President shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the President or a division of the Senate is called for by any one member of the Senate the President shall call upon the Senators in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the Secretary he shall call upon the Senators to reverse their positions and the President shall announce the result
Discretion of President
When President shall vote
Bight of Senator to the floor to be decided by the President
President to appoint committees
Method of stating a auestion by the President
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President may name Senators to preside Rule 6 The President may during a days sitting name any Senator to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Duty of Secretary when President is absent Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the President shall be absent the President pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Secretary of the Senate shall call the Senate to order and shall preside until a President pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the Senate The President pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
When no debate on appeals Rule 8 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Appeals to be made at once Rule 9 All appeals from the decisions of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Power of President to suspend subordinate officers Rule 10 The President shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the Senate within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the Senate may see fit to take in the premises
When President may order galleries and lobbies cleared Rule 11 The President shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the Senate cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested
24
and brought before the bar of the Senate to be dekit with for contempt of the Senate
Rule 12 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the Senate the President may order the door of the Senate to be closed and the roll of Senators called by the Secretary and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the Senate and any Senator present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the Senate
Rule 13 The President may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the Senate discloses the fact that a quorum of the Senate has not voted
Rule 14 All questions as to priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the President without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 15 When any Senator is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the Senate he shall arise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr President He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject nor more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken If any Senator in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the Senate the President shall call him to order in which case the Senator so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The Senate shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the Senate be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved
No quorum voting duty of President
When President may order vote taken by yeas and nays
Decision on questions of priority
Conduct of Senators in debate
Appeals
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Expulsion See Buie 147 for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the Senate by a twothirds vote of the Senators which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays
Exception to words spoken Rule 16 If any Senator be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Secretary and read then admitted denied or explained by the Senator who spoke and thereupon the questions of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the Senate may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the Senate is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been disposed of or until such further time as may then be ordered by the Senate But no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the Senate for words spoken in debate if any other Senator has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Silence Rule 17 The members of the Senate shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking Senator shall have taken his seat
Mode of designating Senators Rule 18 The Senators shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the distiicts they represent
Shall not vote when interested In result Rule 19 No Senator shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is personally interested and in every case where the seat of a Senator is be ing contested the sitting Senator and the contestant
26
shall both retire from the Senate before the vote is taken
Rule 20 Any Senator may have entered on the Journal a protest in writing against the action of the Senate said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the senate nor any member thereof
Rule 21 No Senator shall address the Senate nor interrogate a Senator who is speaking except through the President and if the Senator speaking declines to be interrupted the President shall cause the Senator desiring to interrogate him to be silent
lEtule 22 No Senator shall pass between the Chair and a Senator while he is speaking nor shall any Senator at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the President retires
Rule 23 No Senator shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another Senator or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the House except as to the final action taken by the House in any pending matter
Rule 24 No smoking shall be allowed in the Senate Chamber during the Sessions of the Senate nor shall conversation be permitted within the Chamber
Rule 25 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 26 Applause or hisses in the Senate Chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speach or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Protests
Duty while Senator is speaking and at adjournment
Restrictions in debate
Applause and hisses forbidden
27
No debate during yeas and nays
Only one motion be made at a time
Explanation
Beading of papers
Motion to excuse when made
Excuses from voting
Rule 27 During the calling or reading of ayes an nays on any question no debate shall be had
Rule 28 No Senator can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the Senate he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the President
Rule 29 On all question except such as are not debatable any Senator on the call of the ayes and nays shall be allowed five minutes as a matter of right in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no Senator shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent No motion or request shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a Senators time for explaining
Rule 30 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any Senator it shall be determined by a vote of the Senate and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 31 A motion to excuse a Senator from voting must be made before the Senate divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the Senator making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
Rule 32 No Senator shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then move to table the bill resolution or motion or move the previous question thereon without relinquishing the floor
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DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 33 Any one Senator may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Rule 34 The Senator calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself and be consistent and entire
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Rule 35 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Secretary shall distinctly state its number and the name of the Senator by whom introduced Provided that the General Appropriation Bill and the General Tax Bill shall have precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said bills shall have been finally disposed of
Rule 36 Every motion or request to take up general bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion or request for special orders shall be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the Senate
Rule 37 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any bill or resolution or other matter requiring reference to a committee the President shall as a matter
Call for division
Division how made
Bills and resolutions called in order
Proviso What motions to be in writing
Question on first reading
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Effect of favorable report of committee
Adverse report of committee
Bills when withdrawn
Reports of committees order of action
of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the Senate In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Secretary and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed
Rule 38 Where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill etc the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question unless recommitted Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill etc on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill etc shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill etc shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Provided that no bill etc adversely reported shall be taken up for a second reading except by motion of some Senator Any bill etc may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the Senate
Rule 39 When a bill etc favorably reported by a committee is on its third or last reading if the report of the committee is disagreed to by the Senate the bill or measure shall be lost unless the action of the Senate In disagreeing to the committee report is reconsidered within the proper time
Rule 40 The President shall not recognize any Senator at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to place any general bill on its passage out of its regular order Neither shall he recognize any request for unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter or to read any bill or reso lution the second time or to place any local bill or
30
resolution on its passage except during the first 30 minutes after the confirmation of the Journal The President shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 41 Where a bill or a resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the Senate
Rule 42 All bills and resolutions shall be written or printed and shall have the name of the Senator introducing the same as well as the district he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same
Rule 43 No billshall be printed until after the same has been reported to the Senate by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the Senate agreeing thereto
Rule 44 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the House on the day of the passage thereof unless a majority of the Senators present shall so order
Rule 45 The Committee on Rules during the last fifteen legislative days of each session shall arrange and fix the calendar of business for each day and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing special order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order and manner fixed by such calendar except by a threefourths vote of those present
Bills and resolutions to be in writing
How indorsed
Bills when printed
Transmission to House by majority vote
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PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Order of precedence
Not debatable when may be renewed Amendment
When
debatable
When
made
When not to order
Rule 46 When any subject is before the Senate for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st A motion to adjourn
2d A motion to lay on table
3d A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to postpone indefinitely
5th A motion to postpone to a day certain
6th A motion to commit
7th A motion to amend
Which said several motions shall have precedence in the order named
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 47 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the Senate A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
Rule 48 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the Senate is not actually engaged in other business is debatable and is amendable as to the day or time proposed
Rule 49 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the Senator moving it can legitimately obtain the floor

Rule 50 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn
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be in order after the Secretary has called the first name of the ayes and nays and a vote of one Senator has been given or after a division of the Senate has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced
Rule 51 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the Senate to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 52 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the Senate is being taken by the ayes and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the Senate is acting bn the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the ayes and nays as aforesaid the Senate shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE
Rule 53 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order
Rule 54 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the Senate is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken from the table it is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 55 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Effect of adjournment
Hour of adjournment What business postponed
Amendment or substi tute cannot be laid on table
How matters may be taken from table
When
renewed
33
Not debatable or amendable
Wbat can be tabled
When In order
Effect of previous Question
Twenty minutes debate allowed
Rule 56 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
Rule 57 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
Rule 58 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 59 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except mo Lions to adjourn or to lay on the table and when it is moved the first question shall be Shall the call for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority vote in the affirmative the motion to adjourn or to lay on the table can still be made but they must be made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative and after said last question is affirmatively decided by a majority vote said motions will be out of order and the Senate cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives
Rule 60 When the previous question has been ordered the Senate shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill
34
or other measure is under consideration to close the debate When the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twentyminutes before the time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such Senators as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule
Rule 61 After the main question is ordered any Senator may call for a division of the Senate in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays but on all questions on which the yeas and nays are called the assent of onefifth of the number present shall be necessary to sustain the call and when such call is sustained the yeas and nays shall be entered on the Journal
Rule 62 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to biing the Senate to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 63 After the main question has been ordered a motion to reconsider this action will if adopted have the effect to repeal the ordering of both the main question and the previous question and will leave the pending measure again open to debate and amendment This motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question can be made only once and if lost or if the main question is again subsequently ordered on the pending measure no second motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question shall be entertained
35
GENERAL
f f is w r
u N 1 V E RSI TV o
3RARY
Georgia
Vote how taken
Yeas and nays Onefifth necessary
Effect of main Question being ordered
Reconsideration when in order
Contested elections Rule 64 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any matter if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member of said committee whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
How called and ordered Rule 65 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Call of tlie Senate when in order Rule 66 A call of the Senate shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the President that a quorum is not present
Questions of order Rule 67 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
Effect MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE Rule 68 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Not amendable Rule 69 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
36
Rule 70 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 71 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has once been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 72 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another This motion cannot be renewed or made a second time to the same rheasure on the same day
Rule 73 The motion to postpone to a day certain cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but only to the whole measure It is amendable by subsituting one day or time for another If a day proposed is known to be beyond the limits of the Session the motion shall be treated as onfe to indefinitely postpone
MOTION TO COMMIT
Rule 74 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee
When cannot be applied
Not renewed
Debate when and how allowed
Motion to commit
37
Precedence of
When debatable
How
amended
Motion to recommit
Amendments bow made
Bill first perfected then the substitute
Rule 75 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on
Rule 76 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 77 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the Senator making the motion
Rule 78 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTION TO AMEND
Rule 79 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2d By striking out words
3d By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the way above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 80 When a bill or resolution is before the Senate for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the Senate to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative
38
the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 81 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the Senate unless said action of the Senate in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Rule 82 All motions to amend any matter before the Senate must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 83 On all questions whether in committee or in the Senate the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 84 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 85 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Rule 86 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the Senate shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Secretary in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee
When too late to amend
Must be In writing
Priority
Blanks
Caption
when
amended
Amending by sections
39
Amendments by striking out and inserting

Priority of amendment to perfect
Amending
House
amendments
See Rule 130
Priority
Priority of questions on House amendments
to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Secretary without any motion being made in the Senate and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur back and amend it
Rule 87 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Secretary shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 88 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a paragraph any amendment offered to perfect the paragraph shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
Rule 89 When any bill or resolution which originated in the Senate has been amended in the House and is before the Senate for action on the House amendment an amendment may be offered in the Senate to the House amendment but the Senate amendment to the House amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 90 A motion to amend an amendment made by the House to a Senate bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Rule 91 The questions which arise before the Senate respecting amendments by the House to a Senate bill or resolution are
1st A motion to agree to the House amendment
2d A motion to disagree to the House amendment
3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
40
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order RECONSIDERATION
Rule 92 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any Senator to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter that has been previously reconsidered provided such Senator shall notify the Senate of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed
Rule 93 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Rule 94 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Rule 95 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the time for unanimous consents on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Provided a motion to reconsider the action of the Senate ordering immediate transmission of any bill or resolution to the House shall be made and disposed of before the transaction of other business
Rule 96 The action of the Senate upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
i
Rule 97 All bills reconsidered shall take their
Motion to reconsider
Shall not be
withdrawn
when
When there may be one reconsideration
When in order
Amendments when reconsidered
Place on calendar
41
Morning
rollcall
dispensed
with by
majority
vote
Names of absentees noted
Sergeantatarms Power to compel attendance
Call how ordered
Subseauent
proceedings
place at the foot of calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
ABSENTEES
Rule 98 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the Senate shall not be dispensed with except by a majority vote of the Senators present
Rule 99 Upon the call of the Senators ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Secretary and shall appear upon the Journal
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 100 The power to compel the attendance of Senators in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the President and to this end he may have the doors of the Senate closed When the doors are so closed no Senator shall be allowed to retire from the Senate without first obtaining leave from the Senate
The Messenger of the Senate shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the Senate and on order of the President may arrest any absentees and bring them before the Senate when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE SENATE
Rule 101 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present or when the President shall officially state the fact to the Senate it shall be in order for any Senator to make a motion for a call of the Senate and when this motion is made the President shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the Senate prevail and if five of the Senators present shall vote in the affirmative the President shall order the Secretary to call the
42
roll of Senators and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the Senators present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the Senate shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 102 When a message is sent to the Senate it shall be announced at the door of the Senate by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 103 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce vote is being taken A message shall be presented to the Senate by the President when received or afterwards according to its nature and th business on which the Senate is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the Senate
Rule 104 After a motion is stated by the President or read by the Secretary it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Senate but may be withdrawn at any time before decision by consent of the Senate
Rule 105 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the peti
Messages
Messages when received and considered
Motions
Petitions
memorials
etc
43
No debate tioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading Rule 106 Any motion to suspend the rules on change the order of business shall be decided without debate
Motions not privileged Rule 107 Any motion not privileged containing new matters shall lie at least one day on the table
Record Rule 108 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Secretary shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Not necessary to second motion Rule 109 Where a motion is made by any Senator it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the Senate
Committees bow and when enlarged Rule 110 After the announcement of the standing committees no other Senators shall be placed thereon unless it be at the request of a majority of the committee to be added thereto except when Senators have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the President may assign said Senators to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Privileges of the floor Rule 111 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the Senate except the Senators and officers of the Senate the officers and members of the House the President of the United States and Cabinet members the Governor of the State and the heads of the offices of the Executive Department exGovernors Judges of the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals in actual commission expresiding officers of the Senate and House members of Congress from Georgia Governors and members of the
44
Legislature of any State of the United States members of the press actually reporting legislative proceedings and such others as the Senate may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor but the privilege of the floor shall be extended to no person for a period longer than two days and not more than twice during any session
Rule 112 It shall be the duty of the committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings ahd report to the Senate that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Secretary
Rule 113 The hours of the morning sessions of the Senate shall be from 10 oclock A M to one oclock P M when the Senate shall stand adjourned until ten oclock A M of the next succeeding day Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 114 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
Rule 115 All writs warrants subpoenas issued by order of the Senate shall be signed by the President and attested by the Secretary
Rule 116 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the Senate while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the President and to execute the demands of the Senate from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the President
Rule 117 The Messenger under the direction of the Secretary shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the
Duty of Committee on Journals
Adjourn
ment
Motion for yeas and nays not debatable
Signature of President and Secretary
Duty of Messenger
Messengers duty in distributing documents etc
45
members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendments recommended on separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendments relate
nized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the President shall appoint a committee on the part of the Senate and in such case the committee shall consist only of such Senators as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the Senate and if by inadvertence any Senator be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the Senate and be excused by the President
the report of the committee is agreed to by the Senate but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 122 No Senator shall after debating any
Free debate
question and before yielding the floor be allowed to submit any motion the effect of which shall be to prevent further debate
Interlineation forbidden
Rule 118 No committee shall deface Or interline
Rule 119 No pairing of members shall be recog
Committee of Conference
Rule 120 Whenever any Senator moves that a
Amend
ments
Rule 121 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the Senate it may be amended before
46

Rule 123 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment If a motion be made to strike out a part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend the part proposed to be stricken out shall be first in order
Rule 124 All reports of a committee shall be in
g Majority
writing and the minority of a committee may make remrtsfrity a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
Rule 125 Every motion for information from the
V What mo
Executive or other Departments shall lie on the tibtelieon table one day unless referred to a committee by vote of the Senate
Rule 126 On the call of the yeas and nays the changing Secretary shall read the names of the Senators after votes they have been called and no Senator shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 127 Questions of the privilege shall be first Questions of those affecting the rights o the Senate collectively Drlvilegeits safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of Senators individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions Provided that when any matter is pending before the Senate no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question is disposed of
Rule 128 In all elections a majority of the Senators present shall be necessary to a choice Elections
47
Appropriating moneyyeas and nays called and recorded Must originate in House Representatives
Amendment to Constitution entered in full in journals
Caption or title only to be read in local bills
Secretary to take oath and give bond
Oath of enrolling and engrossing Clerks
Rule 129 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays are called and recorded All bills foi raising revenue or appropriating money must originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Rule 130 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal and when any amendment to the Constitution shall be agreed to by a twothirds vote of members elected such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on the Journal in full with the yeas and nays taken thereon
Rule 131 The first and second reading of local bills shall consist of the reading of the titles only unless said bill is ordered engrossed
Rule 132 The Secretary and Assistant Secretary shall before entering on their duties as such take an oath before their presiding officer to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge and the Secretary shall enter into bond in the sum of 5000 conditioned for faithful discharge of his duties Said bond to be approved by President of Senate
Rule 133 All engrossing and enrolling clerks before entering upon the discharge of their respective duties shall take an oath before the President of Senate to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge of which a minute shall be made and entered on the Journals and no journalizing recording enrolling or engrossing
48
clerk shall be appointed by the Secretary of Senate until such clerk has been examined by the Enrolling Committee and certified to be competent and well qualified for the discharge of the duties required of him and shall be removed at any time upon recommendation of the Enrolling Committee
Rule 134 When there is a meeting of both branches of the General Assembly in joint session the Secretary shall enter in the journal of the Senate the proceedings of the same
COMMITTEES
Rule 135 The President shall appoint the following standing committees
Committee on Academy for the Blind
Committee on Agriculture
Committee on Appropriations
Committee on Auditing
Committee on Banks and Banking
Committee on Commerce and Labor
Committee on Congressional and Legislative Reapportionment
Committee on Constitutional Amendments
Committee on Corporations
Committee on Counties and County Matters
Committee on Drainage
Committee on Education and Public Schools
Committee on Engrossing
Committee on Enrollment
Committee on Finance
Committee on Game and Fish
Committee on Hall and Rooms
Committee on Hygiene and Sanitation
Committee on Insurance
49
Must be examined by enrolling committee and be recommended by it as competent
Secretary must enter on journals proceedings of joint sessions
I
Committee on Highways
Committee on Internal Improvements
Committee on Journals
Committee on Judiciary No 1 for consideration of general bills
Committee on Judiciary No 2 for consideration of general bills
Committee on Judiciary for consideration of special or local bills
Committee on Manufacturers
Committee on Military Affairs
Committee on Mines andMining
Committee on Municipal Government
Committee on Penitentiary
Committee on Pensions
Committee on Privileges and Elections
Committee on Privileges of the Floor
Committee on Public Library
Committee on Public Printing
Committee on Public Property
Committee on Public Roads
Committee on Railroads
Committee on Rules of which the President shall be exofficio Chairman
Committee on School for the Deaf
Committee on State of the Republic
Committee on State Sanitarium
Committee on Temperance
Committee on Training Schools
Committee on Tuberculosis Sanitarium
Committee on Uniform Laws
Committee on University of Georgia
Committee on W A Railroad
The Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Finance and the Chairman
and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Finance

50
shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 136 The following shall be the order of business
1 Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of Committee on Journals
4 Notices of motions to reconsider
5 Reading the Journal
6 Motions to reconsider
7 Confirmation of the Journal
8 Unanimous consents
9 Reports of Standing Committees
10 Reports of Select Committees
11 Messages from the Governor
12 Unfinished business
13 Special Orders and Orders of the Day
14 Messages from the House of Representatives
15 Introduction of bills etc the first time on
Mondays Wednesdays and Thursdays
16 Reading House Bills etc the first time for
reference
17 Reading bills etc second time favorably re
ported from committees
18 Consideration of bills etc adversely reported
on Tuesdays and Fridays
19 Reading for third time of bills etc ready for
passage t
20 Motions resolutions and petitions
51
Rule 137 The report of the Committee on Rules shall be in order at any time and messages from the Governor or from the House of Representatives may be received under any order of business
Rule 138 No change of or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition be submitted in writing and referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the Senate
Rule 139 The rules of the Senate shall in no case be suspended or changed or the order of business changed except by a twothirds vote a quorum of the Senate being present and voting
Rule 140 The Auditing Committee before auditing the account of any Senator for expenses as a Committeeman or incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of the Senate shall require of him an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item whenever the same is practicable
Rule 141 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
52
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SENATE IN EXECUTIVE SESSION
1 When nominations shall be made by the Governor to the Senate a future day shall be assigned for their consideration unless the Senate directs otherwise
2 When acting on executive business the Senate shall be cleared of ah persons except the Senators the Secretary and Assistant Secretary
3 All information or remarks touching or concerning the character or qualifications of any person nominated by the Governor for office shall be kept secret
4 The Legislative and Executive proceedings of the Senate shall be kept in separate and distinct books except that a copy of the message transmitting information of definite action on appointments of the Governor shall be placed in the regular Journals of the Senate
5 All nominations approved by the Senate or otherwise definitely acted on shall be transmittftd by the Secretary to the Governor with the determination of the Senate thereon from day to day as such proceedings may occur but no further extract from the Executive Journal shall be furnished published or otherwise communicated except as provided in Rule 4 during any session except by special order of the Senate and in transmitting the determination of the Senate thereon the Secretary shall in no instance furnish a list of the names of Senators voting in the affirmative or negative but only the fact of confirmation or rejection and the numerical
53
vote and the record of votes shall be sealed and transmitted to the Secretary of States office there to be placed on file
6 A majority of a quorum shall be necessary to confirm the nomination to any office made by the Governor and sent to the Senate for approval When nominations are made by the Governor for any office which require the assent and approval of the Senate in executive session after the Secretary shall read the name of the party nominated and the position to which he is appointed the President shall put to the Senate the following Shall the nomination of the Governor be confirmed by the Senate Those who favor the confirmation will as your names are called vote Aye those opposed vote No Afterthe roll is called the President will announce the result of the ballot and declare the result as follows It appears from the vote that a majority of the Senators have voted to confirm the appointment made by the Governor the same is hereby confirmed by the Senate or A majority of the Senators have voted against the confirmation of the nomination made by the Governor it is therefore rejected by the Senate
7 No Senator will be at liberty at any time or
under any circumstances to expose or publish anything transpiring in executive session except only such matters as are required to be disclosed under the rules It is the intent and meaning of this rule that the business transacted in executive session shall be sacred and free from exposure to the outside world and that every Senator shall be on his honor concerning the same
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN ASSEMBLED IN JOINT SESSION
1 The time of the meeting of the two houses in joint session shall be determined by the concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law
2 The elections shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
3 The votes are to be taken for but one election at the same time and a majority of the whole number of votes cast is necessary to a choice
4 The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet in joint session in the hall of the House of Representatives on the first Monday of every session at 10 oclock a m or at such time as may be fixed by joint resolution of both houses for the purpose of electing such officers of said State as are now or may hereafter be required to be elected by the General Assembly Said joint session shall continue in morning and afternoon sessions from day to day until all of said officers are elected
5 At the hour determined by the concurrent resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives
55
6 The President of the Senate shall preside and announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening the same He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may be taken from any of his decisions to the whole General Assembly
7 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate
8 In announcing a candidate the mover shall not make any commendatory or other remarks
9 After a person is nominated for any office in joint session of the General Assembly it shall not be in order to second such nomination and when the nomination is declared closed the President shall forthwith order the rollcall and each member when called shall rise in his seat and respond promptly announcing distinctly his choice for such office
10 In the elections by the General Assembly no member after having voted shall be allowed to change his vote unless he will rise and state in his place that he voted by mistake or that his vote has been recorded by mistake
11 No debate shall be in order except as to questions of order
12 No motion to adjourn shall be in order In lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in the form That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved or That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence of the former
56
13 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall always be in order except that after the call of the roll has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate
14 When a motion to dissolve the joint session shall be decided in the negative the same shall not again be in order until other business shall have intervened
15 When a motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or to a fixed time shall be decided in the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber
16 The majority of each house shall be necessary to constitute a quorum of the joint session
17 These rules may be amended by the conctirrent resolution of the two houses and they or either of them shall cease to be in force when either house shall notify the other house of the withdrawal of its consent to the same
57
OFFICERS
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
1927 1928
RICHARD B RUSSELL JR of BarrowSpeaker
E B MOORE of DeKalbClerk
ARLIE D TUCKER of BerrienSpeaker Pro Tem
WILLIAM HENDERSON of IrwinMessenger
R S TALMADGE of JasperDoorkeeper
MEMBERS
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF GEORGIA

WITH
COUNTY AND POSTOFFICE
19271928
County
Appling
Atkinson
Bacon
Baker
Baldwin
Banks
Barrow
Bartow
Bartow
Ben Hill
Berrien
Bibb
Bibb
Bibb
Bleckley Brantley
Brooks
Brooks
Bryan
Bulloch Bulloch
Burke
Burke
Butts
Calhoun Camden Campbell
Names of Counties Alphabetically Arranged
Name
J H Crosby
Clayton J Morris
L S Lee
R B Short
J F McCluney
J B G Logan
Richard B Russell Jr
H P McElreath
W D Trippe
Wesley R Walker
Arlie D Tucker
Charles J Bloch
C Baxter Jones
W A Mann
Hezzie McWhorter
J C Strickland
W R Blease
T A Edmondson
W K Smith
Harvey D Brannen
J V Brunson
John L Boyd
Frank S Palmer
R A Franklin
W T Adkins
L J Cowart
C H Gullatt
Postoffice Graham Pearson Beach Newton Milledgeville Homer Winder Cartersville Taylorsville Fitzgerald Nashville
Macon 614 Ga Cas Bldg
Macon 129 Buford PI Macon Macon Sav
Bk Bldg
Cochran
Nahunta
Barney
Morven
Pembroke
Statesboro
Register
Waynesboro
Waynesboro
Jackson
Edison
Woodbine
UnionCity
60
Postoffice
County Name
CandlerA J Bird
CarrollI H P Beck
CarrolLJames L Smith
CatoosaB F Harris
CharltonL E Mallard
Chatham Columbus E Alexander
ChathamSpence M Grayson
ChathamLewis A Mills1
ChattahoocheeDr Charles Howard
ChattoogaB H Edmondson
CherokeeH G Vandiviere
ClarkeGeo D Bennett
ClarkeAndrew C Erwin
ClayA T King
Clayton W O Camp
ClinchA L Hughes
CobbOrlando Awtrey
CobbW M Kemp
CoffeeJ M Thrash
ColquittJames L Dowling
ColquittL L Moore
ColumbiaE D Clary
CookJ S Jones
CowetaA Sidney Camp
CowetaJ Courtney McKoy
CrawfordWalter F Andrews
CrispT A Mclver
DadeDr J M Wellborn
DawsonArthur J Nix
DecaturVance Custer Jr
DecaturBen Kirboj
DeKalbJames C Davis
DeKalbPaul L Lindsay
DeKalbJohn Wesley Weekes
DdgeR F Burch Jr
Dodge L T Thompson
DoolyJ M Whitehead
DoughertyCruger Westbrook
DouglasA A Fowler
Early Joseph Freeman
EcholsW C Carter
EffinghamA N Grovenstein
ElbertA S Hawes
ElbertT J Hewell
EmanuelR H Humphrey
Metter
Bowdon
Carrollton
Ringgold
Folkston
Savannah
Savannah
Savannah
Cusseta
Summerville
Canton
Athens
Athens
Hatchers Station Riverdale DuPont Acworth Marietta Douglas Moultrie Moultrie Harlem Adel Newnan Newnan Roberta Cordele Wildwood Gainesville R 10 Bainbridge Bainbridge Stone Mountain Atlanta Decatur Eastman R 2 Eastman Vienna Albany Douglasville i Blakely
Lake Park Rt 311 Guyton Elberton Dewey Rose Swainsboro
61
County Name
EmanuelJ Leonard Rountree
EvansB G Tippins
FanninH M Stanley
FayetteJ W Culpepper
FloydJ Scott Davis
FloydPaul H Doyal
FloydSeaborn Wright
ForsythN B Nuckolls
Franklin Linton S Johnson
FultonFrank A Hooper Jr
Fulton Miss Bessie Kempton
Fulton Luther H Still
GilmerJ L Hamby
GlascockE B Rogers
Glynn J T Colson
GordonB Y Dickey
GradyL W Rigsby
GreeneB W Boyd
GwinnettFrancis B Maddox
GwinnettW L Nix
HabershamJ J Rampley
HallW Y Lance
HallBoyd Sloan
HancockW L Garrett
HaralsonWalter Matthews
HarrisL E Floyd
HartB B Zellars
HeardJ E Faver
HenryA C Norman
HoustonJ p Duncan
IrwinJ E Howell
Jackson Homer Hancock
JacksonJ E J Lord
JasperJohn P White
Jeff DavisJohn A Cromartie
JeffersonK M England
JeffersonRoy V Harris
JenkinsWalter C Perkins
JohnsonM T Riner
JonesJ H Wright
Lamar A H Chappel
LanierL L Patten
LaurensJ B Bedingfield
LaurensR C Coleman
LaurensS P New
Postoffice
Summitt
Bellville
Due
Fayetteville
Cave Springs
Rome
Rome
Cumming
Royston
Atlanta
Atlanta
Atlanta
Ellijay
Gibson
Brunswick
Calhoun
Cairo
Union Point
Lawrenceville
Lawrenceville
Demorest
Gainesville
Gainesville Box 415
Sparta
Buchanan
Chipley
Hartwell
Franklin
McDonough
Perry
Ocilla
Jefferson
Commerce
Hillsboro
Hazlehurst
Wadley
Louisville
Millen
Meeks
Gray
Milner R 2
Lakeland
Cadwell
Dublin
Dublin
62
County Name
LeeW C Rutland
LibertyW F Mills
LincolnR F Guillebeau
LongT L Howard
LowndesE E Dekle
Lowndes Will H Stanford
LumpkinJ F Pruett
McDuffieReuben Burnside
McIntoshWilliam S Tyson
MaconJ W Nelson
MadisonJ 0 M Smith
MarionT B Rainey
MeriwetherG A Huddleston
MeriwetherJ M Mullins
MillerG W Cook
MiltonJ H Mansell
Mitchell O B McElvey
MitchellErnest M Davis
MonroeR C Goolsby Sr
MontgomeryHugh Peterson Jr
MorganC F Riden
MurrayV C Pickering
MuscogeeW Paul Miller
MuscogeeJ M Murrah
MuscogeeW Cecil Neill
NewtonG C Adams
OconeeJ Ashley Osborn
OglethorpeHamilton McWhorter
PauldingC B McGarity
PeachJ E Davidson
PickensR L McClain
PierceJ R Walker Jr
PikeG D Dominick
PolkC W Peek
PulaskiH F Lawson
PutnamGeo W Adams
QuitmanJ B Oliver
RabunR E A Hamby
RandolphLinton B West
RichmondH C Parker
RichmondM B Pilcher
RichmondA L Traylor
RockdaleC R Vaughn
SchleyC L Battle
ScrevenI H Evans
Postoffice Leesburg Hinesville Lincolnton Ludowici Valdosta Valdosta Dahlonega Thomson Darien Ideal Commerce Buena Vista Greenville Durand Colquitt Roswell R 26 Pelham Camilla Forsyth Ailey Bostwick Chatsworth Columbus Columbus Columbus Covington Watkinsville Lexington Dallas Fort Valley Jasper Blackshear Zebulon Cedartown R 6 Hawkinsville Eatonton Morris Station Clayton Cuthbert Augusta Augusta Augusta Conyers Ellaville
Halcyondale R 1
63
Postoffice
County Name
Screven
Seminole Spalding Stephens Stewart
Sumter
Sumter
Talbot
Taliaferro
Tattnall
Taylor
Telfair
Terrel
Thomas
Thomas
Tift
Toombs
Towns
Treutlen
Troupl
Troup
Turner
Twiggs
Union
Upson
Walker
Walker
Walton
Walton
Ware
Ware
Warren
Washington
Washington
Wayne
Webster
Wheeler
White
Whitfield
Wilcox
Wilkes
Wilkes
Wilkinson
Worth
Worth
J A Lee
H G Rawls
J J Flynt
C M McClure
Johnston M Deason
Hollis Fort
A E Hines
John A Smith
B R Trotter
J C Beasley
W H Sealy
J M Cook
Karl Thompson
Thomas Davis
William H Platt
T E Phillips
Dess Gray
W A Henson
Sewell Courson
J B Daniel
R W Martin
J H Pate
L L Griffin
R L Lance
R E Hightower Jr
John M Hutcheson
David F Pope
John H Adams
E M Williams
Scott T Beaton
J H Quarterman
J P Wilhoit
M F Scruggs
J W Warren
W G Thomas
J W Montgomery
R E Rivers
C H Turner
Buell Stark
John Q Wilson
Edward W Adams
Thomas W Cozart
J Fleming Bloodworth
W J Crowe
C W Hillhouse
Rocky Ford Donaldsonville Griffin Toccoa Lumpkin
Americus
Americus
Talbotton
Crawfordville
Glenn ville
Howard
McRae
Dawson
Meigs
Thomasville
Tifton
Lyons
Hiawassee
Soperton
LaGrange
LaGrange
Ashburn
Jeffersonville
Blairsville
Thomaston
LaFayette
LaFayette
Social Circle
Monroe
Way cross
Waycross
WarrentQn
Sandersville
Sandersville
Jesup
Preston
Glenwood
Cleveland
Dalton
Abbeville RFD3
Tignall
Washington
Irwinton
Sylvester
Sylvester
64
MEMBERS
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF GEORGIA
WITH
COUNTY AND POST OFFICE 19271928
Alphabetically Arranged
Name
Adams Edward W
Adams G C
Adams Geo W
Adams John H
Adkins W T
Alexander Columbus E Andrews Walter F
Awtrey Orlando
Battle C L
Beasley J C
Beaton Scott T
Beck I H P
Bedingfield J B
Bennett Geo D
Bird A J
Bloch Charles JZ
Bloodworth J Fleming
Boyd B W
Boyd John L
Blease W R
Brannen Harvey D
Brunson J V
Burch R F Jr
Burnside Reuben
Camp A Sidney
Camp W O
Carter W CL
Chappel A H
Clary E D
Coleman R C
Colson J T
Cook g w
Cook J M
Cowart L J
Cromartie John A
Crosby J H
Courson Sewell
County
Wilkes
Newton Putnam Walton Calhoun Chatham Crawford Cobb
Schley
Tattnall Ware
Carroll
Laurens
Clarke
Candler Bibb Wilkinson
Greene
Burke
Brooks
Bulloch Bulloch
Dodge
McDuffie Coweta Clayton
Echols
Lamar
Columbia Laurens
Glynn
Miller
Telfair
Camden Jeff Davis Appling Treutlen
PostOffice
Tignali
Covington
Eatonton
Social Circle
Edison
Savannah
Roberta
Acworth
Ellaville
Glennville
Waycross
Bowdon
Cadwell
Athens
Metter
Macon 614 Ga Cas Bldg
Irwinton
Union Point
Waynesboro
Barney
Statesboro
Register
Eastman R 2
Thomson
Newnan
Riverdale
Lake Park Rt 311
Milner R 2
Harlem
Dublin
Brunswick
Colquitt
McRae
Woodbine
Hazlehurst
Graham
Soperton
65
Name
Crowe W J
Cozart Thomas W
Culpepper J W
Custer Vance Jr
Daniel J B
Davis Ernest M
Davis James C
Davis J Scott
Davis Thomas
Davidson J E
Deason Johnston M
Dekle E E
Dickey B Y
Dominick G D
Dowling James L
Doyal Paul H
Duncan J P
Edmondson B H
Edmondson T A
England K M
Erwin Andrew C
Evans I H
Faver J E
Floyd L E
Flynt J J
Fort Hollis
Fowler A A
Franklin R A
Freeman Joseph
Garrett W L
Golsby R C Sr
Gray Dess
Grayson Spente M
Griffin L L
Grovenstein A N
Guillebeau R F
Gullatt C H
Hamby J L
Hamby R E A
Hancock Homer
Harris BF
Harris Roy V
Hawes A S
Henson W A
Hewell T J
Hightower R E Jr
HiUhouse C W
Hines A E
Hooper Frank A Jr Howard Dr Charles
Howard T L
Howell J E
Hughes A L
Humphrey R H
Hutcheson John M
County
Worth
Wilkes
Fayette
Decatur
Troup
Mitchell
DeKalb
Floyd
Thomas
Peach
Stewart
Lowndes
Gordon
pikeJ
Colquitt
Floyd
Houston
Chattooga
Brooks
Jefferson
Clarke
Screven
Heard
Harris
Spalding
Sumter
Douglas
Butts
Early
Hancock
Monroe
Toombs
Chatham
Twiggs
Effingham
Lincoln
Campbell
Gilmer
Rabun
Jackson
Catoosa
Jefferson
Elbert
Towns
Elbert
Upson
Worth
Sumter
Fulton
Chattahoochee
Long
Irwin
Clinch Emanuel Walker
PostOffice
Sylvester
Washington
Fayetteville
Bainbridge
LaGrange
Camilla
Stone Mountain
Cave Spring
Meigs
Fort Valley
Lumpkin
Valdosta
Calhoun
Zebulon
Moultrie
Rome
Perry
Summerville Morven W adley Athens
Halcyondale R 1
Franklin
Chipley
Griffin
Americus
Douglasville
Jackson
Blakely
Sparta
Forsyth
Lyons
Savannah
Jeffersonville
Guyton
Lincolnton
Union City
Ellijay
Clayton
Jefferson
Ringgold
Louisville
Elberton
Hiawassee
Dewey Rose
Thomaston
Sylvester
Americus
Atlanta
Cusseta
Ludowici
Ocilla
DuPont
Swainsboro
LaFayette
66
Name
PostOffice
Huddleston G A
Jones C Baxter
Jones J S
Johnson Linton S
Kemp W M
Kempton Miss Bessie
King A T
Kirbo Ben
Lance R L
Lance W V
Lawson H F
Lee J A
Lee L S
Lindsay Paul L
Logan J B G
Lord J E J
Mallard L E
Mann W A
Martin R W
McElreath H P
McElvey O B
McClain R L
McCluney J F
McClure C M
McGarity C B
Mclver T A
McKoy J Courtney
McWhorter Hamilton
McWhorter Hezzie
Maddox Francis B
Mansell J H
Matthews Walter
Mills Lewis A
Mills W F
Miller W Paul
Montgomery J W
Moore L L
Morris Clayton J
Mullins J M
Murrah J M
Oliver J B
Osborn J Ashley
Neill W Cecil
Nelson J W
New S PIH
Nix Arthur J
Nix W L
Norman A C
Nuckolls N BII
Palmer Frank S Parker H C
Pate J H
Patten L L
Peek C WIll
County
M eriwether Greenville
Bibb Macon 129 Buford PI
Cook Adel
FranklinRoyston
CobbMarietta
FultonAtlanta
ClayHatchers Station
DecaturBainbridge
UnionBlairsvijle
Hall Gainesville
PulaskiHawkinsville
ScrevenRocky Ford
BaconBeach
DeKalbAtlanta
BanksHomer
JacksonCommerce
CharltonF olkston
BibbMacon Macon Sav Bk
Bidg
TroupLaGrange
BartowCartersville
MitchellPelham
Pickens Jasper
BaldwinMilledgeville
StephensToccoa
PauldingDallas
CrispCordele
CowetaNewnan
OglethorpeLexington
Bleckley Cochran
Gwinnett Lawrenceville
MiltonRoswell R 26
HaralsonBuchanan
ChathamSavannah
LibertyHinesville
Muscogee Columbus
WebsterPreston
ColquittMoultrie
AtkinsonPearson
MeriwetherDurand
Muscogee Columbus
QuitmanMorris Station
OconeeWatkinsville
Muscogee Columbus
MaconIdeal
LaurensDublin
DawsonGainesville R 10
GwinnettLawrenceville
HenryMcDonough
F orsyth Cumming
BurkeWaynesboro
Richmond Augusta
Turner Ashburn
LanierLakeland
PolkCedartown R 6
67
Name

Perkins Walter C
Peterson Hugh Jr
Phillips T E
Pickering Y C
Pilcher M B
Platt William H
Pope David F
Pruett J F
Quarterman J H
Rainey T B
Rampley J J
Rawls H G
Riden C F
Rigsby L W
Riner M Ti
Rivers R E
Rogers E B
Rountree Leonard J Russell Richard B Jr
Rutland W C
Scruggs M F
Sealy W H
Short R B
Sloan Boyd
Smith John A
Smith James L
Smith J O M
Smith W K
Stanford Will H
Stanley H M
Stark Buell
Still Luther H
Strickland J C
Thomas W G
Thompson L T
Thompson Karl
Thrash J M
Tippins B G
Traylor A L
Trippe W D
Trotter B R
Tucker Arlie D
Turner C H
Tyson William S
Vandiviere H G
Vaughn C R
Walker J R Jr
Walker Wesley R
Warren J W
Weekes John Wesley
Wellborn Dr J M
West Linton B
Westbrook Cruger
Whitehead J M
Wilhoit J P
County PostOffice
JenkinsMillen
MontgomeryAiley
TiftTifton
MurrayChatsworth
RichmondAugusta
ThomasThomasville
WalkerLaFayette
LumpkinD ahlonega
WareWaycross
MarionBuena Yista
HabershamDemorest
SeminoleDonaldsonville
MorganBostwick
GradyCairo
JohnsonMeeks
Wheeler Glenwood
GlascockGibson
EmanuelSummitt
BarrowWinder
LeeLeesburg
W ashingtonSandersville
TaylorHoward
BakerNewton
HallGainesville Box 415
TalbotTalbotton
CarrollCarrollton
MadisonCommerce
BryanPembroke
LowndesValdosta
FanninDue
WhitfieldDalton
FultonAtlanta
BrantleyN ahunta
WayneJesup
DodgeEastman
Terrell Dawson
CoffeeDouglas
EvansBellville
RichmondAugusta
BartowTaylorsville
Taliaferro Crawfordville
BerrienNashville
WhiteCleveland
McIntoshDarien
CherokeeCanton
RockdaleConyers
PierceBlackshear
Ben HillFitzgerald
WashingtonSandersville
DeKalb Decatur
DadeWildwood
Randolph Cuthbert
DoughertyAlbany
DoolyVienna
WarrenWarrenton
68
Name
County PostOffice
Williams E MWaltonMonroe
Wilson John QWilcoxAbbeville R F D 3
White John PJasperHillsboro
Wright J HJones Gray
Wright SeabornFloydRome
Zellars B BHartHartwell
69
Standing Committees of the House of Representatives
19271928
ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND
Wilson Chairman
Adams of Newton
Andrews
Awtrey
Bloch
Cook of Miller
Floyd
Guillebeau
Hamby of Rabun
Hutcheson
King
Lord
AMENDMENTS TO
Hooper Chairman
Alexander Bloch
Bloodworth Boyd of Greene Brannen Burch Burnside Coleman Colson Cowart Culpepper Custer Davidson Davis of DeKalb Davis of Mitchell Dowling Doyal Duncan Erwin Flynt
McKoy ViceChairman
Maddox
Morris
Nelson
Osborn
Rainey
Still
Turner
Vandiviere
West
White
THE CONSTITUTION
Lawson ViceChairman
Fort
Fowler
Griffin
Grovenstein
Harris of Jefferson
Howard of
Chattahoochee Humphrey Jones of Bibb Lance of Hall Logan McCluney McClure McElvey McGarity McWhorter of Oglethorpe Martin Matthews Miller
Mills of Chatham Mills of Liberty Neill New
Nix of Dawson
Nix of Gwinnett
Palmer
Pate
Peek
Peterson
Pilcher
Quarterman
Rigsby
Rivers
Short
Smith of Madison
Stanford
Stark
Thomas
Thrash
Tippins
Tyson
Vandiviere
Walker of Pierce
Warren
Weekes
West
Westbrook
Wilhoit
Zellars
APPROPRIATIONS
Doyal Chairman
Adams of Newton
Adams of Walton
Alexander
Beaton
Beck
Bedingfield
Bennett
Bird
Blease
Bloch
Brannen
Burch
Camp of Clayton
Camp of Coweta
Chappel
Cozart
Crowe
Custer
Davis of DeKalb Davis of Thomas
Flynt ViceChairman
Dekle
Dominick
Dowling
Fort
Franklin
Harris of Jefferson Hillhouse Hooper Howard of
Chattahoochee Huddleston Logan McCluney McWhorter of Bleckley McWhorter of Oglethorpe Mallard Martin
73
Matthews
Neill
Nix of Gwinnett
Norman
Palmer
Parker
Peek
Perkins1
Peterson
Phillips
Pilcher
Platt
Pruett
Rampley
Rivers
Rountree
Sealey
Sloan
Smith of Bryan
Smith of Carroll
Thrash
Trotter
Vaughn
Weekes
Westbrook
Wilhoit
Williams
Wright of Floyd
Wright of Jones
Zellars
AUDITING
Pilcher Chairman Blease
Boyd of Greene Edmondson of Chattooga Griffin
Hamby of Gilmer Lee of Screven
Jones of Cook
ViceChairman
Montgomery
Pruett
Stanley
Strickland
Tucker
Warren
BANKS AND BANKING
New Chairman
Adams of Putnam
Beasley
Bird
Boyd of Greene Clary
Cook of Telfair Davis of Thomas
McClain ViceChairman
Dickey
Grayson
Grovenstein
Hancock
Hightower
Howell
Jones of Bibb
74
Lawson
Montgomery
Moore
Murrah
Neill
Nelson
Nix of Gwinnett
Pate
Rawls
Riner
Rountree
Short
Sloan
Tippins
Trippe
Vandi viere
Warren
Zellars
CONSERVATION
Howard of Long Chairman
Awtrey
Blease
Burch
Carter
Cook of Telfair
Davis of Floyd
Deason
Duncan
Hancock
Huddleston
King
McElreath
Maddox
Miller
Moore
Boyd of Greene
ViceChairman
Mullins
Murrah
Nuckolls
Parker
Patten
Riner
Rogers
Rountree
Sealy
Turner
Tyson
Vandi viere
Westbrook
White
CORPORATIONS
Trippe Chairman Walker of Ben Hill
ViceChairman
Adams of Wilkes Floyd
Adkins Fort
England Garrett
Faver Goolsby
Harris of Catoosa
Harris of Jefferson
Hawes
Hightower
Howell
Huddleston
Hutcheson
King
Kirbo
Lindsay
Mann
Moore
Morris
Nelson
Rivers
Rogers
Smith of Carroll
Thompson of Dodge
Traylor
Turner
Tyson
COUNTY AND COUNTY MATTERS
Andrews Chairman
Alexander Awtrey Bedingfield Bennett Bloch
Boyd of Burke Brunson
Camp of Clayton Carter Chappel Clary
Cook of Miller Cowart Cozart Cromartie Crosby Deason Dominick Edmondson of Brooks Edmondson of Chattooga Floyd Fort
Adams of Walton
ViceChairman
Fowler
Franklin
Freeman
Griffin
Guillebeau
Gullatt
Hancock
Henson
Hutcheson
Jones of Cook
Kirbo
Lee of Bacon Lee of Screven McElreath Mallard
Mills of Chatham Montgomery Nix of Dawson Norman Oliver Perkins Pilcher Pope
76
Quarterman
Rivers
Rogers
Smith of Bryan
Stanley
Strickland
Thompson of Dodge Traylor
Turner
Walker of Ben Hill
Weekes
Wellborn
White
Wilson
Wright of Jones
DRAINAGE
Guillebeau Chairman
Battle
Beasley
Bennett
Daniel
Davis of Thomas Dickey Dowling Evans Franklin Freeman
Harris of Catoosa
McGarity ViceChairman Kemp
Lee of Bacon
Lord
Maddox
Murrah
Nuckolls
Oliver
Riner
Walker of Ben Hi 1
Westbrook
White
EDUCATION
Davis of Floyd Chairman Zellars ViceChairman
Adams of Newton
Adams of Wilkes
Adkins
Alexander
Beasley
Beck
Bedingfield
Bird
Bloodworth Camp of Clayton Chappel Colson
Daniel
Davis of Mitchell
Davis of Thomas
Evans
Faver
Floyd
Flynt
Franklin
Garrett
Henson
Hewell
Hillhouse
77
Howard of
Chattahoochee Howard of Long Johnson Jones of Cook Kemp Kirbo
Lee of Bacon Lindsay of DeKalb Lord
McCluney
Mclver
McKoy
Mallard
Mann
Matthews
Miller
Moore
Mullins
Nelson
Parker
Patten
Peek
Rainey
Rampley
Rigsby
Riner
Rogers
Rountree
Scruggs
Smith of Talbot
Stanford
Stanley
Stark
Still
Thompson of Dodge
Thrash
Tippins
Trippe
Trotter
Tyson
Walker of Ben Hill
Weekes
White
Wilson
Wright of Floyd
ENGROSSING
Davis of DeKalb Chairman
Camp of Clayton Evans England Lance of Hall Lord
McCluney
Nix of Gwinnett
Patten
Guillebeau
ViceChairman
Peek
Rigsby
Stanford
Stanley
Thomas
Weekes
West
Whitehead
78
ENROLLMENT
Mallard Chairman Hamby of Rabun
ViceChairman
Adams of Putnam Adams of Walton Beck
Cook of Miller Edmondson of Brooks Freeman Kempton
Maddox
Rampley
Riden
Smith of Talbot Stark
Walker of Ben Hill White
EXCUSES OF MEMBERS ABSENT WITHOUT
LEAVE
Blease Chairman
Boyd of Burke
Doyal
Hewell
Mullins
Nelson
Pruett
Wright of Jones
ViceChairman
Riden
Wellborn
Westbrook
Wilhoit
Williams
Wilson
GAME AND FISH
Tyson Chairman
Norman ViceChairman
Beck
Bedingfield Burch Carter Courson Cowart Dominick Edmondson of Chattooga England Evans Franklin
Goolsby
Guillebeau
Gullatt
Henson
Howard of Long
Kirbo
Mclver
Mallard
Mann
Martin
Miller
Mills of Chatham
79
Mills of Liberty
Pate
Patten
Platt
Pope
Rivers
Smith of Bryan Stanley
Walker of Pierce Warren
GENERAL AGRICULTURE NUMBER ONE
Daniel Chairman
Adams of Wilkes
Andrews
Beasley
Bedingfield
Bloodworth
Brunson
Burch
Carter
Clary
Coleman
Cook of Miller
Cook of Telfair
Courson
Crosby
Crowe
Davidson
Davis of Thomas
Dickey
Dominick
Edmondson of Brooks
Evans
Freeman
Gray
Griffin
Grovenstein
Hamby of Gilmer
Hancock
Hawes
Jones of Cook
ViceChairman
Hillhouse
Hines
Howell
Lee of Bacon
Lee of Screven
McKoy
Maddox
Mann
Mullins
Neill
Osborn
Pate
Perkins
Peterson
Phillips
Platt
Rawls
Riner
Rutland
Scruggs
Smith of Madison
Stark
Strickland
Trippe
Trotter
Vaughn
Walker of Ben Hill
80
GENERAL AGRICULTURE NUMBER TWO
Rountree Chairman
Adams of Newton
Adams of Putnam
Adams of Walton
Awtrey
Battle
Beck
Bennett
Bird
Blease
Boyd of Burke Camp of Clayton Camp of Coweta Chappel Cowart Cozart Cromartie i Davidson Davis of Floyd Edmondson of Chattooga Garrett Goolsby Guillebeau Gullatt
Harris of Catoosa
Mansell ViceChairman
Henson
Hewell
Howard of Long
King
Logan
Lord
McGarity
Mills of Chatham
Moore
Morris
Nelson
Nix of Gwinnett
Norman
Nuckolls
Oliver
Perkins
Rogers
Thompson of Dodge
Tippins
Traylor
Tyson
Warren
Whitehead
Wilson
Wright of Jones
GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER ONE
West Chairman Davis of DeKalb
V iceChairman
Alexander Boyd of Greene Burnside Cowart Duncan
Edmondson of Brooks
Flynt
Hooper
Humphrey
Jones of Bibb
81
Kirbo Peterson
Lance of Hall Pruett
Logan Rawls
McWhorter of Rigsby
Bleckley Rogers
McWhorter Smith of Carroll
of Oglethorpe Thomas
Martin Thompson of Terrell
Matthews Tucker
Miller Vaughn
Mills of Chatham Walker of Pierce
Moore Warren
Neill Weekes
Nix of Gwinnett Palmer Wilhoit
GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER TWO
Camp of Coweta Chairman Short ViceChairman
Bloch McClure
Bloodworth McElvey
Colson McGarity
Culpepper Mills of Liberty
Custer New
Davis of Mitchell Pate
Dowling Pope
Doyal Quarterman
Fort Rainey
Grayson Sloan
Hamby of Rabun Smith of Talbot
Harris of Jefferson Tyson
Huddleston Vandiviere
Johnson Westbrook
Lawson Wright of Floyd
Lindsay Zellars
82
GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Smith of Bryan Chairman Dominick ViceChairman
Matthews Peterson Phillips Rogers Stark
Adkins
Carter
Cowart
Deason
Dowling
England
Faver
Floyd
Hamby of Gilmer
McGarity
McKoy
Still
Traylor
Trotter
Walker of Ben Hill Whitehead Wright of Floyd
GEORGIA STATE SANITARIUM
Beasley Chai man
Adams of Putnam Adams of Walton Awtrey Beck
Boyd of Burke
Brunson
Dominick
England
Franklin
Griffin
Hawes
Hewell
Hutcheson
King
Lawson
McCluney
McElreath
Mallard
Camp of Clayton
ViceChairman
Mansell
Montgomery
Morris
Nelson
Nix of Dawson
Norman
Perkins
Phillips
Quarterman
Riden
Scruggs
Sealy
Smith of Bryan
Thompson of Dodge
Weekes
Wellborn
White
Whitehead
Wright of Jones
83
HALLS AND ROOMS
Griffin of Twiggs Chairman
Coleman Cook of Miller Davis of Floyd Gullatt Hewell
Wilhoit ViceChairman
Hooper
McClure
Mills of Liberty
Sealy
Stark
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Peek Chairman
Adams of Newton Adams of Putnam Clary Coleman Courson
Cromartie
Crowe
Davis of Floyd Davis of Mitchell Edmondson of Brooks Edmondson of Chattooga Goolsby Grovenstein
Howard of Chattahoochee ViceCharman
Kemp McElreath Moore Morris Riden
Smith of Bryan Smith of Talbot Thompson of Dodge Walker of Pierce Wellborn White Whitehead Williams
INSURANCE
Pate Chairman
Battle Beasley Beaton Bloodworth Boyd of Burke Boyd of Greene
Jones of Bibb
ViceChairman
Brannen
Burnside
Cook of Telfair
Cozart
Culpepper
Davidson
84
Dekle Duncan Edmondson of Chattooga Harris of Catoosa Hightower Hooper Johnson Lawson Murrah
INVALID PENSIONS
Chappel Chairman
Boyd of Burke
Cook of Miller
Cook of Telfair
Dekle
Faver
Guillebeau
Hamby of Gilmer
Howell
Hutcheson
Kemp
Lee of Bacon
Osborn
Palmer
Peterson
Rainey
Rountree
Short
Thompson of Terrell
Thrash
Tippins
Zellars
AND SOLDIERS HOME
Crowe ViceChairman
McClure
Mclver
Mansell
Montgomery
Patten
Riden
Rigsby
Turner
Walker of Pierce Wright of Jones
COMMITTEE ON JOURNALS Grayson Chairman Patten ViceChairman
Erwin
Hamby of Rabun
Hewell
Hooper
Lance of Union Nix of Dawson Nuckolls
85
LABOR AND LABOR STATISTICS
Stanford Chairman
Adams of Newton
Battle
Beaton
Fowler
Garrett
Hancock
Hughes
Hutcheson
Lance of Union
Lindsay
Logan
McElreath
Hines ViceChairman
Mclver
Parker
Platt
Pope
Riner
Smith of Carroll
Smith of Talbot
Still
Trippe
Vaughn
Williams
LEGISLATIVE AND CONGRESSIONAL REAPPORTIONMENT
Lindsay Chairman
First District Grayson Smith of Bryan
Second District Crowe Rigsby
Third District Oliver Deason
Fourth District Smith of Carroll Huddleston
Fifth District Vaughn Gullatt
Sixth District Chappell Goolsby
Pickering ViceChairman
Seventh District
Pope
Eighth District
Smith of Madison Erwin
Ninth District
Logan
Nix of Gwinnett Tenth District Rogers Garrett
Eleventh District
Blease Cromartie Twelfth District
Rivers
Gray
86
MANUFACTURERS
Parker Chairman
Battle
Courson
Daniel
Dekle
Doyal
Fowler
Harris of Jefferson Henson Hightower Howard of
Chattahoochee Jones of Bibb
Gullatt ViceChairman
King
Lindsay
Matthews
Murrah
New
Phillips
Smith of Carroll Smith of Madison Strickland Thrash Williams
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Miller Chairman
Beaton
Bloodworth
Camp of Clayton
Camp of Coweta
Cozart
Davidson
Deason
Dekle
Dickey
Erwin
Gray
Hamby of Gilmer Hooper
Lee of Screven
Humphrey ViceChairman
Lindsay
Logan
McElvey
Mclver
Mills of Liberty
Nix of Dawson
Parker
Pickering
Rutland
Short
Thompson of Dodge
Tucker
Tyson
Wellborn
87
MINES AND MINING
Pruett Chairman
Battle
Dekle
Floyd
Fowler
Hamby of Gilmer Hamby of Rabun Hawes Henson Lance of Hall Lance of Union Logan McClain
Carter ViceChairman
McElreath
Matthews
Nelson
Nuckolls
Platt
Sloan
Stanley
Strickland
Thompson of Terrell
Trippe
Turner
Vaughn
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
Logan Chairman
Adams of Putnam
Beaton
Bennett
Bird
Colson
Courson
Crowe
Custer
Davis of DeKalb
Evans
Freeman
Gray
Grayson
Hamby of Gilmer
Hines
Johnson
Kemp
Thompson ViceCharman
Kempton
McElvey
Maddox
Mann
Mansell
Morris
Nuckolls
Oliver
Osborn
Palmer
Peek
Pilcher
Rigsby
Short
Still
Tucker
West
88
it
PENITENTIARY
Williams Chairman
Alexander
Andrews
Battle
Beaton
Blease
Bloodworth
Brunson
Burch
Camp of Coweta
Carter
Chappel
Clary
Coleman
Cook of Miller
Crosby
Custer
Davidson
Deason
Edmondson of Chattooga England Flynt Griffin Guillebeau Hamby of Gilmer Harris of Catoosa Howard of Long Hutcheson
Warren ViceChairman
Johnson Jones of Cook King
Lance of Union
Lee of Bacon
McElreath
McKoy
Maddox
Mallard
Matthews
Montgomery
Mullins
Norman
Oliver
Pickering
Pilcher
Pope
Rampley
Riden
Rogers
Sloan
Smith of Madison
Stanley
Still
Turner
Walker of Ben Hill
Wellborn
Wilson
PENSIONS
Smith of Talbot Rutland ViceChairman
Chairman
Adams of Walton Adams of Wilkes Awtrey Bennett
Dekle
Gullatt
Hawes
Hillhouse
89
Howard of
Chattahoochee
Hughes
Lance of Union Lawson McWhorter of Bleckley
Nuckolls Smith of Bryan Smith of Madisonl Thompson of Terrel Traylor
Walker of Ben Hill Wright of Floyd
COMMITTEE ON PRIVILEGE AND ELECTIONS
Qtjarterman of Ware Chairman
Adams of Wilkes Beck
Boyd of Greene Crosby Duncan Edmondson of Brooks Evans Flynt Gray Howell Kempton Lindsay McCluney
Sloan of Hall
ViceChairman
McGarity Mills of Liberty Osborn Pickering Rawls Rigsby Rogers
Smith of Talbot Stark Thomas Warren West
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR
Pope Chairman
Lee of Screven
ViceChairman
Andrews
Floyd
Hawes
Hightower
Hooper
Huddleston
Hutcheson
King
Lance of Union
Nix of Dawson
Nuckolls
Palmer
Pickering
Riden
90
PUBLIC HIGHWAYS
Peterson Chairman
Adams of Newton
Adkins
Bennett
Brunson
Burch
Burnside
Camp of Coweta
Clary
Coleman
Culpepper
Deason
Dickey
Dominick
Duncan
England
Floyd
Flynt
Franklin
Gray
Grayson
Guillebeau
Gullatt
Hamby of Rabun
Hancock
Hines
Howard of
Chattahoochee Howard of Long Hughes Hutcheson Johnson Jones of Bibb Kemp Kempton Lance of Union
Tippins ViceChairman
Logan McClain McCluney McWhorter of Bleckley McWhorter of Oglethorpe Mansell Martin Miller Mullins Neill
Nix of Gwinnett
Norman
Osborn
Palmer
Pate
Phillips
Pickering
Platt
Rainey
Rampley
Rivers
Rountree
Scruggs
Smith of Bryan
Smith of Madison
Stanley
Stark
Tucker
Tyson
Whitehead
Williams
Wright of Floyd
Zellars
91
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Kempton Chairman Burnside Cromartie Dekle Faver Garrett
Harris of Jefferson Lance of Union McClain McClure Palmer
Rawls ViceChairman Platt Sealy Sloan Strickland
Thompson of Terrell
Vandiviere
West
Westbrook
Wilhoit
PUBLIC PRINTING
Trotter Chairman Adkins Clary
Cook of Telfair
Crosby
Davidson
Dickey
England
Faver
Hewell
Still ViceChairman Howell Montgomery Moore Mullins New Peterson Rainey
Smith of Talbot Wellborn
PUBLIC PROPERTY
Beck Chairman
Adams of Walton
Adkins
Awtrey
Bedingfield
Bloch
Camp of Clayton
Courson
Crosby
Custer
Daniel
Davis of Thomas Duncan
Hillhouse ViceChairman Griffin Hewell Howell Lord
McElreath McKoy McWhorter of Oglethorpe Morris Nuckolls Oliver Sealy
92
RAILROADS
McWhorter of Oglethorpe Chairman
Adkins
Andrews
Beaton
Block
Bloodworth
Clary
Cromartie
Culpepper
C liitpr
Davis of DeKalb Fowler Garrett Grovenstein
Mills of Chatham ViceChairman
Hamby of Rabun Hughes Kempton McWhorter of Bleckley Palmer Pilcher Pruett Rawls Rivers Still Warren Williams
RULES
The Speaker Wilhoit ViceChairman
Ex Officio Chairman
First District Alexander Second District McElvey Third District
Pate
Fourth District Camp of Coweta Fifth District Lindsay Sixth District Jones of Bibb Seventh District Peek
Eighth District McWhorter of Oglethorpe
Ninth District
Sloan
Tenth District
Warren
Eleventh District Thomas
Twelfth District
Burch
From the State at Large Blease Brannen
93
Culpepper Parker
Davidson Peterson
Davis of Thomas Rawls
Doyal Rountree
Flynt Short
Gullatt Tucker
Hooper Vaughn
Kempton Weekes
Logan West
Neill Williams
New Zellars
SANITARIUM AT ALTO
Rampley Chairman Wellborn ViceChairman
Carter Peek
Cromartie Perkins
Crosby Still
Hines Thomas
Hughes Trippe
Jones of Cook Tyson
Kemp Walker of Pierce
Lee of Screven West
Logan Wilhoit
McClure Wright of Jones
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
McElvy Chairman Matthews ViceChairman
Adams of Wilkes Hamby of Gilmer
Bedingfield Hutcheson
Boyd of Greene Kirbo
Brannen Lee of Bacon
Cook of Miller McClure
Crowe Mclver
Culpepper Mills of Liberty
Daniel Peek
Davis of DeKalb Pruett
Dominick Riner
Dowling Scruggs
England Stanford
Erwin Wilson
Gray
94
STATE OF THE REPUBLIC Alexander Chairman Smith of Carroll
Andrews ViceChairman Humphrey
Bird Jones of Bibb
Blease Lance of Hall
Boyd of Burke McClure
Brannerf Moore
Colson Nelson
Cozart New
Custer Perkins
Davis of DeKalb Platt
Dekle Rampley
Duncan Short
Edmondson of Brooks Still
Fowler Thrash
Hamby of Rabun Traylor
Howard Turner
of Chattahoochee Westbrook
Hughes Wright of Floyd
TEMPERANCE
McCluney Chairman Adams of Putnam
Adams of Walton Cowart Cromartie Daniel
Davis of Mitchell
Harris of Catoosa
Hawes
Henson
Hillhouse
Hughes
Johnson
ViceChairman
Lance of Hall
McClain
Murrah
New
Riner
Rountree
Scruggs
Sealy
Thompson of Dodge Thrash
Wright of Floyd
95
IP
TRAINING SCHOOLS
Maddox of Gwinnett Chairman
Andrews
Brannen
Chappel
Colson
Davis of Floyd
Hamby of Gilmer
Harris of Catoosa
Hightower
Howard of Long
Lindsay
Lord
Mills of Liberty
Perkins ViceChairman
Mullins
Parker
Pickering
Rampley
Scruggs
Sealy
Stanford
Traylor
Tucker
Warren
Wilson
Wrightof Floyd
UNIFORM STATE LAWS
Weekes Chairman
Adams of Newton Bloodworth Brannen Burnside Colson
Davis of Mitchell Edmondson of Brooks Erwin Freeman Grayson
Harris of Jefferson
Johnson
McClure
Custer ViceChairman
McElvey Martin Pate Peterson Quarterman Rutland Trotter Tucker Turner Vandiviere Wilhoit
Wright of Jones

96
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA AND ITS BRANCHES
Vaughn Chairman
Adams of Walton
Beck
Bennett
Bloch
Brannen
Burch
Burnside
Camp of Coweta
Cozart
Dowling
Faver
Fort
Freeman
Gray
Grayson
Grovenstein
Hancock
Harris of Jefferson Hawes
Thomas ViceChairman
Hooper Huddleston Humphrey Lawson McClain McCluney McWhorter of Bleckley Martin
Mills of Chatham
Osborn
Perkins
Phillips
Pruett
Rampley
Rutland
Smith of Talbot
Thrash
Traylor
WAYS AND MEANS
Culpepper Chairman
Adams of Wilkes
Andrews
Awtrey
Battle
Bird
Bloch
Boyd of Burke Boyd of Greene Coleman Colson
Cook of Telfair
Stark ViceChairman
Courson
Cromartie
Davis of Mitchell
Davis of Thomas
Erwin
Fowler
Goolsby
Grayson
Grovenstein
Gullatt
Harris of Catoosa
97
Hightower Neill
Hines Patten
Humphrey Perkins
Jones of Cook Quarterman
Kempton Rainey
Kirbo Rawls
Lance of Hall Rigsby
Lawson Rutland
Lindsay Short
Logan Smith of Madison
Lord Stanford
McClain Still
McElreath Thompson of Terrell
McGarity Trippe
McKoy Vandiviere
Maddox Walker of Pierce
Montgomery Wellborn
Moore Wright of Floyd
WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILROAD
Davis of Thomas Dickey ViceChairman
Chairman
Adams of Wilkes Griffin
Awtrey Grovenstein
Beasley Guillebeau
Bird Harris of Catoosa
Boyd of Greene Hillhouse
Brunson Hines
Coleman Humphrey
Colson Kemp
Courson Kempton
Cowart Kirbo
Davidson Lee of Screven
Fowler Lindsay
Franklin McElvey
Freeman Mclver
Gray Mansell
98
Mills of Liberty Murrah
Nix of Dawson
Nix of Gwinnett
Osborn
Patten
Perkins
Pickering
Pilcher
Pope
Pruett
Quarterman
Rampley
Rawls
Riden
Rivers
Rutland
Scruggs
Short
Stark
Smith of Bryan Strickland
Thompson of Terrell
Tippins
Trippe
Trotter
Vaughn
Walker of Pierce Wellborn Whitehead Wrightr of Jones
99
Rules of the House of Representatives
Adopted for Term of 19271928
THE SPEAKER
Rule 1 The Speaker shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the House the Speaker shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the House be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the Speaker shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any other member
Rule 3 When two or more members shall rise at the same time the Speaker shall name the person entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the Speaker unless otherwise ordered by the House
Rule 5 The method of stating a question or any motion by the Speaker after the same has been read to the House by the Clerk shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the Speaker or a division of the House is called for by any one member of the House the Speaker shall call upon the members in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the clerk he shall call upon the member to reverse their positions and the Speaker shall announce the result
Discretion of Speaker
When Speaker shall vote
Right of member to the floor to be decided by the Speaker
Appointment of Committees
Methods of stating a question by Speaker
103
Speaker may name members to preside
Duty of Clerk when Speaker is absent
Appeals from ruling of the Speaker
When no debate on appeals
Appeals to be made at once
When members may address the House
Rule 6 The Speaker may during a days sitting name any member to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the Speaker shall be absent the Speaker pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Clerk of the House shall call the House to Order and shall preside until a Speaker pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the House The Speaker pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
Rule 8 Should any member of the House be dissatisfied with the ruling of the Speaker on any point he shall rise and respectfully address the Speaker and say I appeal from the decision of the Chair The Speaker will then state to the House the point ruled on and his decision on it and shall then put the question of appeal to the House as follows All in favor of the decision of the Chair standing as the sense of this House will say Aye Those opposed will say No and the decision of the House in sustaining or overruling the Speaker shall be final
Rule 9 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Rule 10 All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Rule 11 Where debate is permissible on appeals from the decision of the Chair any member after being recognized by the Speaker may address his remarks directly to the House
104
Rule 12 The Speaker shall have power to sus power of pend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for miscon suspendt0 duct or neglect of duty and when such suspension offlceat8 has been made he shall report the same to the House within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the House may see fit to take in the premises
Rule 13 The Speaker shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the House cleared by myrdor the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of distur fndTotfbies bance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause clearedany person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of the House to be dealt with for contempt of the House
Rule 14 When less than a quorum vote on any No QUOrum subject under consideration by the House the Speaker may order the bar of the House to be closed and Speaker the roll of members called by the Clerk and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the
vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the House
1 vote tK6I3
yeas and nays where a division of the House dis by yeas closes the fact that a quorum of the House has not 3110 nays
ness to be acted on shall be decided by the Speaker opriorify without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 17 When any member is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the House he shall SembereS rise and respectfully address himself to Mr Speaker debate
House and if any member present then refuses to
Rule 15 The Speaker may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by
When Speaker may order vote taken
voted
Rule 16 All questions as to the priority of busi Decision on
He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not
105
Time extended iow
Expulsion
Exception to words spoken Proviso
speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken
No member of the House shall occupy the floor longer than one 1 hour in debating any question unless otherwise ordered by the House and any motion to limit or extend the time of individual speeches shall be decided without debate No such motion shall prevail unless it shall receive the affirmative votes of two thirds of those voting Such motion may be made at any time that the movant thereof may legitimately obtain the floor
If any member in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the House the Speaker shall call him to order in which case the member so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The House shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the House be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the House by a twothirds vote of the members which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays and recorded on the Journal of the House
Rule 18 If any member be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Clerk and read then admitted denied or explained by the member who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the House may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the House is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main questions have been exhausted or until sueh further
106
time as may then be ordered by the House But no member shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the House for words spoken in debate if any other member has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Rule 19 The members of the House shall forbear silence from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking member shall have taken his seat
Rule 20 The members shall avoid naming each Mode of other when they may have occasion to take notice meters118 of their observations but may designate them by the place in which they may be or the county they represent
Rule 21 No member shall address the House except as heretofore stated in case of appeals or in House how terrogate a member who is speaking except through Questions the Speaker and should the member speaking de mptionsf cline to be interrupted the Speaker shall cause the member desiring to interrogate to be silent
Rule 22 No member shall vote upon any question shall not in the result of which he is immediately and particu tSterested larly interested In every case where the seat of a tnresul1 member is being contested the sitting member and the contestant shall both retire from the House before the vote is taken
Rule 23 Any member may enter a protest in writing against the action of the House said protest protests shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the House nor any member thereof and such protest shall be entered by the Clerk upon the Journal of the House
Rule 24 No member shall smoke in the House nor smoking
shall he converse with any one over the bar thereof sation prohibited
107
Duty while member Is speaking and at adjournment
Matters transpiring in Senate Committees and private conversation not to be referred to
Laudatory and disparaging remarks when forbidden
Applause and hisses forbidden
No debate during yeas and nays
Only one motion can be made at a time
Explanation
Rule 25 No member shall be permitted to enter upon the floor of the House or remain thereon in an intoxicated condition and the Messenger and the Doorkeepers of the House are specially charged with the rigid enforcement of this rule
Rule 26 No member shall pass between the Chair and a member while he is speaking nor shall any member at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the Speaker retires
Rule 27 No member shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another member or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the Senate
Rule 28 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 29 Applause or hisses in the Representative chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Rule 30 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Rule 31 No member can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the House he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the Speaker
Rule 32 On all questions except such as are not debatable any member on the call of the ayes and nays shall as a matter of right be allowed three minutes in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no member shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent of the House No mention shall

108
be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a members time for explaining
Rule 33 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any member it shall be determined by a vote of the House and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 34 Evfery member within the hall when a question is put shall vote unless he is immediately and particularly interested therein or the House shall excuse him A motion to excuse a member from voting must be made before the House divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the member making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
Rule 35 No member shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then make any motion the effect of which is to cut off debate without relinquishing the floor
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 36 Any member may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Rule 37 The member calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by themselves and be consistent and entire
Rule 38 A qualifying paragraph an exception or a proviso if taken from that to which it belongs would not contain a distinct or entire proposition
Rule 39 A motion to strike out and insert is an indivisible proposition
Reading of papers
When members shaU vote
Motion to excuse when made Excuses from voting
Oall for a division
Division how made
Qualifying paragraph exception and provision
Strike out and insert not divisible
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Call of counties
Bills and resolutions called In order Proviso
Ruie 40 The Clerk shall on Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call the counties for the introduction of new matter beginning alternately at the first and last of the alphabet Provided that no member shall introduce more than one bill of a general nature on any day except companion bills and provided further no bill providing for an appropriation of money shall be introduced during the last thirty days of a regular session except by consent of twothirds of the House which twothirds shall be equal to a majority of all of the members elected to the House The question of the introduction of such bill shall be debatable for ten minutes five minutes by the author or other member designated by him and five minutes by member or members opposing such introduction
Rule 41 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the numerical order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Clerk shall distinctly state its number and the name of the member by whom introduced provided that House and Senate bills and resolutions adversely reported shall not be taken up for a second reading except by request of the authors of such bill or resolution or some member of the House provided that the General Tax Bill and the General Appropriation Bill shall take precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said Bills shall have been finally disposed of In order that the proper numerical order may be accurately and fairly determined as between bills and resolutions it shall be the duty of the Clerk to place on each bill and resolution as same is read the first time a number following the numerical order in which said bills and resolutions are read the first time adopting one series of numbers
110
and the same series of numbers for both bills and resolutions and not a separate series of numbers as heretofore practiced
Rule 42 Every motion to suspend the rules for the purpose of taking up bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion to make special orders shall be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the House
Rule 43 The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter nor to read any bill or resolution the second time or any local bill or resolution a third time or to put any local bill or resolution upon its passage or to recommit a bill or resolution or to withdraw from one committee and recommit to another a bill or resolution except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal or after the reading of the Journal has been dispensed with The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to put any general bill or resolution upon its passage or to read such bill or resolution second time and recommit The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any time
The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to make a special order or to change the order of business except that by unanimous consent an order of business may be fixed for the period of Unanimous Consents
The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to cast his vote on any motion resolution amend
Effect of
unanimous
consent
Ill
Suspension of rules sksS
No debate
ment bill or other question nor shall any member be permitted to cast his vote on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question until the question is put to the House by the Speaker on viva voce vote or division of the House or until after the roll call has begun
The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 44 The rules of this House known as Constitutional rules shall in no case be suspended all other rules shall in no case be suspended nor changed nor the order of business be changed except by a vote of twothirds of the members voting Provided however that in order to so change or suspend the rules or change the order of business said twothirds so voting in favor of said change or suspension shall constitute a majority of the members of the whole House
Rule 45 No suspension of change or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition or suspension of be first referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the House Provided however that immediately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day following the introduction in the House of the proposed change or addition to these rules the Committee on Rules shall report the same back to the House A failure to so report such proposed change or addition to these rules for two days shall automatically bring said proposed change or addition before the House for consideration
Rule 46 Any motion to suspend rules or change the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate Provided however that whenever a report from the Committee on Rules is submitted to the House the questions arising on said report shall be debatable until the report of the Com
112
mittee is agreed to or disagreed to or the main question is ordered There shall be no debate however on the report of the Committee on Rules during the last fourteen days of the session
Rule 47 It shall be in order to introduce bills or other matter upon the call of the counties without any previous notice having been given for that purpose
Rule 48 No debate shall be admitted upon any Bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any Bill or Resolution or other matter requiring reference to a Committee the Speaker shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the House
No bill or resolution shall be engrossed except upon the affirmative vote of twothirds of the members present No member shall be recognized at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to engross a bill or resolution When a motion to engross is made which motion may be made upon reading the bill the first time and at no other time no debate shall be permitted except that the movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Clerk and the Bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed In cases where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the
Bills etc when Introduced
No debate on first reading
Effect of favorable report of committee
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Bills when withdrawn
Adverse report of committee Transmission to Senate by majority vote
Bills when printed
committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill shall be lost If the report of the committe is disagreed to the bill shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Any bill may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the House
When motion is made to refer a bill or resolution to a committee other than the one to which it is referred by the Speaker even though instructions be added no debate shall be permitted except that movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes No debate shall be permitted unless instructions are added
All resolutions providing for appointment of committees of inquiry or investigation and any and all other resolutions not privileged except motions for information from the Executive Department and any other Department of the State Government shall be referred by the Speaker to the appropriate committee unless by order of the House referred to some other committee
Rule 49 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the Senate on the day of the passage thereof unless twothirds of the members present shall so order
Rule 50 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the House by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the House agreeing thereto No request for unanimous consent or motion to print a bill shall be made except immediately following the thirty minute period of Unanimous Consents No debate shall be permitted on such a motion except that the movant may speak to his motion not longer than three minutes and any one other mem ber of the House may speak in opposition thereto
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for three minutes provided however that when a bill is actually before the House for consideration such request for unanimous consent or a motion to print may be made but the motion to print shall not take precedence of any other motion permitted under Rule No 55 The motion to print may be made after the motion to table or the motion to postpone to a time certain shall have prevailed The debate on such motion shall be United as above set forth
Rule 51 All proceedings touching the appropriating of money shall be considered in the Committee of the Whole House
Rule 52 All bills and resolutions shall be in writing and shall have the name of the member introducing the same as well as the county he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same
Rule 53 Where a bill or resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the House and in all cases the report of the Committee of the Whole House shall be first acted on by the House
Rule 54 The Committee on Rules during the last fourteen days of each session shall arrange a calendar for each days business and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing Special Order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order fixed by such calendar except by a vote of a majority of all of the members elected to the House During the period of operation under this rule the calendar or order of business fixed by committee on rules shall be read by the clerk immediately after Confirmation of the Journal of
Committee of the Whole House See Rule 107 et al
Bills and Resolutions to be in writing How indorsed
Reports of committees i order of action
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Order of precedence
Not debatable when may be renewed
each morning session and immediately after Call of the Roll of each afternoon session and any motion to amend such report either by striking inserting or changing the order shall be made within the first thirty minutes after the reading of such report After the reading of such report and announcement by the Speaker that it is in order for such motions to be made and no such motions being made the House shall proceed to business under the calendar so fixed after which no such motion shall be made during that session No such motion to amend the report of the Committee on Rules shall be debatable during the period of operation under this Rule
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Rule 55 When any subject is before the House for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st Motion to adjourn
2d A motion to lay on table
3d A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to adjourn to a time definite
5th A motion to postpone indefinitely
6th A motion to postpone to a day certain
7th A motion to commit
8th A motion to amend
9th A motion to print
Which said motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand as above arranged
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 56 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the House A motion to adjourn in its simple form ghall not be amended
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Rule 57 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the House is not actually engaged in other business is debatable
Rule 58 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the member moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 59 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Clerk has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced but in such cases the rollcall shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced before a motion to adjourn shall be in order
Rule 60 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the House to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 61 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the House is being taken by yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the House is acting on the main question after the main question has been ordered and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and hays as aforesaid the House shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
When made debatable
When not in order
Effect of adjournment
Hour of adjournment What business postponed
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MOTIONS TO LAY ON TABLE
Amendment or substitute cannot be alid on table
How matters may be taken from table
Effect of vote to table
Effect of vote to take from table
No motion to table in order until rollcall is completed
When renewed
Not debatable or amendable
Rule 62 No motion to lay an amendement orjsubstitute on the table shall be in order
Rule 63 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the House is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken up the same is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 64 If the motion to lay on the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the House the measure together with all the motions attached to it at the time it is so disposed of
Rule 65 When the proposition is again taken from the table it stands before the House in the exact form with all the motions pertaining to it just as it did at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed
Rule 66 After a yea and nay vote is called on any bill or resolutionthe House not acting at the time under the previous questionand one vote has been recorded no motion to table shall be in order until the rollcall shall have been completed When any bill or resolution is tabled after the completion of the rollcall and then taken from the table nothing can be done except to announce the result of said vote as shown by said rollcall at the time said bill or resolution was tabled
Rule 67 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Rule 68 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
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Rule 69 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
Rule 70 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted on the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 71 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except a motion to adjourn or to lay on the table but neither of said motions shall be made but once until after the previous question has been exhausted and when it is moved the question shall be Shall the motion for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority of a quorum in the affirmative and the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum all other motions except one to reconsider the action in ordering the main question but will be out of order and the House cannot adjorn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives But no motion to reconsider the action of the House in ordering the main question shall be in order after the Clerk has called the first name on call of the ayes and nays and the vote of any member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on the vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced in such cases the roll call shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced
Rule 72 When the previous question has been ordered the House shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the
What can be tabled
When In order
Effect of previous Question
Twenty
minutes
debate
allowed
119
Vote how taken
Effect of main Question being ordered
Contested
Election
How Called and ordered
main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate Where the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such members as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule This rule shall not be construed to allow the twenty minutes above referred to to be used but once on any bill or measure and then on the final passage of the bill or measure
Rule 73 After the main question is ordered any member may call for a division of the House in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays if the call for the yeas and nays is sustained by onefifth of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the yeas and nays and so entered on the Journal
Rule 74 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the House to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 75 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any question if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 76 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
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MMgn
Rule 77 A call of the House shall not be in order call of the after the previous question is ordered unless it shall SorderWhen appear upon an actual count by the Speaker that a quorum is not present
Rule 78 All incidental questions of order aris QUestioh ing after a motion is made for the previous question oforder and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Rule 79 When a bill resolution or other measure Effectis under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Rule 80 The motion to indefinitely postpone Not amendlays open the whole question for debate but it can able not be amended
Rule 81 While the motion to indefinitely post when cannot pone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 82 No motion to indefinitely postpone Not renewed shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 83 The motion to postpone a bill resolution or other measure to a day certain when decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum removes the subject from before the House until the time designated and makes it a privileged question for that day so selected
121
1 1 if k Aj
Effect of
negative
vote
Maybe
amended
To a day beyond the session
Debate when and how allowed
Motion how applied
Motion to commit
Precedence of
Rule 84 If the motion to postpone a bill a resolution or other measure is decided in the negative it leaves the question before the House as it was be fore the motion was made and it cannot be moved a second time on same day or at the same stage of the proceeding
Rule 85 This motion to postpone to a day certain may be amended by substituting one day for another In this case the time would be treated as a blank and the Speaker should treat these propositions as he would those to fill blanks
Rule 86 If a day designated is known to be beyond the session the Speaker shall treat the motion as though it had been a motion to indefinitely postpone the subject
Rule 87 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another It shall be the duty of the Speaker to hold members rigidly to these points
Rule 88 This motion cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but must be applied to the whole bill resolution or other measure before the House and when it prevails it carries forward the whole proposition and its appendages to the day named
MOTIONS TO COMMIT
Rule 89 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee or committee of the whole House
Rule 90 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit
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to a special committee and shall be first voted on but where a motion is made that a bill resolution or other measure be committed to the committee of the whole House this motion shall be put before either of the above named motions
Rule 91 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 92 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for theone named by the member making the motion x
Rule 93 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTIONS TO AMEND
Rule 94 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2d By striking out words
3d By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 95 A substitute is simply an amendment it is in effect a motion to strike out all after the enacting clause of a bill or the word Resolved in a resolution and insert that offered as a substitute
When debatable
How
amended
Motiont
recommit
Amendments bow made
Substitute
123
Bill first perfected then the substitute
When too late to amend
Must be in writing
Priority
Blanks
Caption
when
amended
Amending by sections
Rule 96 When a bill or resolution is before the House for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the House to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 97 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to which was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the House unless said action of the House in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Rule 98 All motions to amend any matter before the House must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 99 On all questions whether in committee or in the House the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 100 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 101 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Rule 102 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and
124
the House shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Clerk in reading thesame shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Clerk without any motion being made In the House and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur and amend it
Rule 103 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment
Rule 104 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Clerk shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 105 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a part of a bill or resolution any amendment offered to perfect the part proposed to be stricken shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
Rule 106 When any bill or resolution which originated in the House has been amended in the Senate and is before the House for action on the Senate amendment an amendment may be offered in the House to the Senate amendment but the House amendment to the Senate amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 107 A motion to amend an amendment made by the Senate to the House bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Amendments by striking out and inserting
Priority of amendment to perfect
Amending
Senate
Amendments
See Buie 126
Priority
125
Priority of Questions on Senate amendments
Motion to reconsider
Rule 108 The questions which arise before the House respecting amendments by the Senate to a House bill or resolution are
1st A motion to agree to the Senate amendment
2nd A motion to disagree to the Senate amendment
3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order
The Speaker is authorized on his own motion or upon point of order being made when in his opinion a Senate Amendment to a House Bill is not germane or if adopted would render the bill unconstitutional to rule out such amendment the effect of which ruling of the Speaker if not appealed from or if appealed from and the appeal not sustained shall be tha same as a vote of the House to disagree and as such the Clerk shall report it to the Senate Such point of order shall take precedence of a motion to agree
RECONSIDERATION
Rule 109 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any member whether said member previously voted in the affirmative or negative on the matter sought to be reconsidered to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter as has been previously reconsidered provided such member shall notify the House of his intention to
126
move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed Provided further that the action of the House on Senate amendments shall be in order for reconsideration immediately and not otherwise
Rule 110 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Rule 111 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Rule 112 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the order of unanimous consent on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the dayof said action
Rule 113 The action of the House upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
Rule 114 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
COMMITTEE ON THE WHOLE HOUSE
Rule 115 The Speaker may resolve the House into a Committee of the Whole without a motion being made therefor whenever a bill or resolution shall be m order for consideration on its third reading before the House which is required by the rules of this House to be considered in the Committee of the Whole
Shall not be withdrawn when
When there may be one reconsideration
When in order
Amendments when reconsidered
Place of calendar
When ordered by Speaker
See Buie 44
127
When ordered by the House
How formed
Proceedings
Rule 116 The House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose provided however that notice of intention to make such motion shall be given during the session of the preceding day individual speeches on such motion being limited to three minutes If such notice shall not have been given the motion shall prevail if it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting and which twothirds shall also constitute a majority of all of the members elected to the Hous and provided further whenever the House either by its own vote or by unanimous consent shall commit any bill or resolution to Committee of the Whole House and subsequently a motion shall be made to resolve the House into Committee of the Whole to consider such bill or resolution and such motion shall be lost the said motion shall not be again renewed but it shall be the duty of the Speaker to require the Clerk to read the bill or resolution again on the following days session under the order of Introduction of New Matter or Reading of Bills the First Time and to refer such bill or resolution to the appropriate commiltee unless otherwise ordered by the House provided however that for the consideration of the General Tax Bill and General Appropriation Bill the House may resolve itself into a committee of th whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose and no previous notice shall be necessary
Rule 117 In forming a Committee of the Whole Jlouse the Speaker shall leave the chair and a Chairman to preside in committee shall be appointed by the Speaker
Rule 118 In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be first read throughout by the Clerk and then
128
again be read or debated by clauses or sections leaving the preamble to be last considered unless otherwise ordered
Rule 119 The Rules of the House shall be observed by the Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable except that it can not refer a matter to any other committee it can not adjourn the previous question can not be enforced a motion to lay on the table or indefinitely postpone shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the House shall be in order nor shall any vote be taken by yeas and nays
Rule 120 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it shall be desired to close the debate or to limit the time to be allowed members for speaking the committee may rise and report its desire to the House and the House shall take such action thereon as it may see fit by a resolution agreed for that purpose said resolution shall apply only to the subjectmatter before said committee and when said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the House the action of the House shall be deemed the sense of the committee and the House may then on motion again resolve itself into Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of the subject
Rule 121 In the event that a Committee of the Whole House at any sitting shall for want of time fail to complete any matter under consideration it may on motion at any time in the committee made rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally or at a day certain
Rule 122 A motion that the committee rise and report progress and ask leave to sit again can be made at any time when the mover thereof can legitimately obtain the floor and shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without
Rule in committee
Debate bow closed
Time of how extended
Motion to rise etc
139
Reconsid
eration
Duty of when no Quorum is present
All members shall vote unless excused
Amendments
Disorderly
conduct
reported
Chairman may order galleries cleared
debate and when it prevails the committee shall immediately rise and when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall automatically rise and the Speaker shall assume the Ghair
Rule 123 A motion to reconsider shall be in order in Committee of the Whole
Rule 124 The Committee of the Whole shall not proceed with the business before it whenever a vote on any question shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present Whenever it is suggested that a quorum is not present the Chairman of the committee shall satisfy himself of the fact by actual count of the committee and report the same to the committee and the Chairman shall on his own motion order that the committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the House
Rule 125 The Speaker may in Committee of the Whole take part in the proceedings and he as well as all other members shall vote on all questions before the committee unless excused therefrom and no pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 126 Amendments proposed by the Committee of the Whole may be amended or rejected by the House and matters stricken out by the committee may be restored by the House
Rule 127 A Committee of the Whole House can not punish disorderly conduct of its members but must report the same to the House for action thereon
Rule 128 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared in case of any disorderly conduct therein
130
Rule 129 When the Committee of the Whole have Proceedings disposed of the bill resolutions or other measures buSessbebefore it by motion and question it shall rise and the Chairman will be instructed to report the action of the Committee to the House At this point the Speaker will resume his seat and the Chairman will return to the floor and will state in substance as follows Mr Speaker the Committee of the Whole House have had under consideration naming what and have instructed me as their Chairman to report the same back to the House with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended or do not pass as the case may be
The Speaker will receive this report and repeat the same and the matter will then be before the House for action just as though reported by any other committee
Rule 130 The proceedings of the Committee of Record the Whole shall not be recorded in the Journal of the House except so far as reported to the House by the Chairman of said committee
Rule 131 When in the Committee of the Whole papersmay any papers in the possession of the House may be be called forcalled for by any member and read by the Clerk for the information of the committee unless the committee shall otheiwise order
Rule 132s Amendments offered to an amendment Report shall in the Committee of the Whole shall not be reported Sofromto the House but the report shall contain only the Sgf8 result of the committee s action on the bill resolution or measure under consideration before it
ABSENTEES
Rule 133 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the House and also the reading of the Journal roiaifdisshall not be dispensed with except by a vote of two by three1 thirds of the members present The motion to dis f0UrthS Vte pense with the roll call and to dispense with the reading of the Journal shall be decided without debate
131
Names of absentees noted
Duty of
Auditing
Committee
Excuse of members
Power to compel attendance
Rule 134 Upon the call of all the members ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Clerk and shall appear upon the Journal And it shall be the duty of the Clerk to keep a separate list of the absentees from each days proceedings which list shall be entered upon the Journal and shall show which of said absentees are absent without leave and of those absent with leave which are absent for providential causes and which for business reasons which said separate list shall be read in the House with the Journal upon which the same is entered
The Clerk shall also keep in a book accessible to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave the names of all such absentees noting such as are absent without leave and the member so absent without leave unless excused by the House are so absent
It shall be the duty of the Committee on Auditing to inquire into the matter before passing upon any members account
Excuses of members absent without leave shall be submitted to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave and the recommendation of some member of said committee shall be necessary to have said excuse allowed by the House
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 135 The power to compel the attendance of members in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the Speaker and to this end he may have the doors of the House closed When the doors are so closed no member shall be allowed to retire from the House without first obtaining leave from the House
The Messenger of the House shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the House and on order of the Speaker may arrest any absentees and bring them before the House when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE HOUSE
Rule 136 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present or when the Speaker shall officially state the fact to the House it shall be in order fop any member to make a motion for a call of the House and when this motion is made the Speaker shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the House prevail and if fifteen of the members present shall vote in the affirmative the Speaker shall order the Clerk to call the roll of members and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the members present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by the officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the House shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
Rule 137 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4
Rule 138 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and
Sergeant
atarms
What Is a Quorum Compelling attendance
Oath of members
133
Majority required to pass bill
Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members
Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays
Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays
Revenue bills
on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
Rule 139 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members electedJo each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14
Rule 140 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6
Rule 141 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12
Rule 142 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21
Rule 143 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third reading of local bills must be full and complete
Arf 3 Sec 4 Par 5
134
Rule 144 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10
Rule 145 No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8
Rule 146 No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17
Rule 147 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provisions have been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
Rule 148 The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and prvileges to private companies except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
Reading of bills
One subject matter etc
An amendment to laws and sections of Code
General laws bow varied
Consent and
wbenre
quired
Corpora
tions
Power delegated to courts
135
Relief of recognizance
What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appropriations by separate bills
Adjourn
ments
Elections
Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote
Rule 149 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Rule 150 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other apropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9
Rule 151 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24
Rule 152 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result
Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1
Rule 153 No bill or ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any
other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13
Rule 154 The General Assembly meets annually Session on the fourth Wednesday in June and the House fifty days and Senate are called to order at 10 oclock A M
The Annual Sessions are limited to sixty days
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 6
Rule 155 Each House shall be the judge of the Elections election returns and qualifications of its members Sff and shall have the power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled Expulsion except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which thirds0vote he belongs
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1
Rule 156 No provision of this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General As of Governor sembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for required the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23
Rule 157 The Governor shall have the revision Governors of all bills passed by the General Assembly before vet0the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropria
137
Effect of twothirds vote thereon
When Governor must approve
Effect of
twothirds
vote
Twothirds vote required
Twothirds vote required on amendments to Constitution
tion and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16
Rule 158 Every note resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 17
Rule 159 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4
Rule 160 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amend
138
ments shall become a part of this Constitution
When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
Rule 161 No convention of the people shall be Twothirds called by the General Assembly to revise amend or tTcanTS c ange the Constitution unless by the concurrence called11 How of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2
Rule 162 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries not to exceed four thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts shall have salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office
Salaries of Judges
The General Assembly may at any time by a two tmrds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries or any or all of the above officers ote
but no such changes shall affect the officers then in commission
Art 6 Sec 13 Pars 1 and 2
139
Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same
Messages
Messages when received and considered
Petitions
Motions
Rule 163 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 164 When a message shall be sent to the House of Representatives it shall be announced at the door of the House by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 165 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce is being taken A message shall be presented to the House by the Speaker when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business in which the House is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the House
Rule 166 It shall be the order of the day every Wednesday to take up and decide on reports of Committees on Petitions and all Petitions shall be numbered as they are received and taken up and disposed of in the order they were received unless otherwise ordered by a majority of a quorum
Rule 167 After a motion is stated by the Speaker or read by the Clerk it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the House but may be withdrawn at any time before the decision by the unanimous consent of the House
140
Rule 168 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Rule 169 The several standing committees of the House shall have leave to report by bill or otherwise The report of the Committee on Rules is in order at any time when the House is not actually engaged in other business
Rule 170 The Clerk of the House shall take an oath for the true and faithful discharge of the duties of his office to the best of his knowledge and abilities and shall be deemed to continue in office until another be elected
Rule 171 The Clerk shall take special care of the books provided for the use of the House
Rule 172 The Committee on Enrollment shall carefully compare enrolled bills and resolutions and correcting any errors that may be discovered in the enrolled bills or other papers make their report forthwith to their respective Houses
Rule 173 Verification of a roll call vote can be dispensed with only by unanimous consent the Speaker shall not entertain a motion to that effect
Rule 174 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Clerk shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Rule 175 When a motion is made by any member it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the House
Rule 176 After the announcement of the standing committee no other members shall be placed thereon except when members have been elected to
Petitions
memorials
etc
Committees
Clerk
Clerk
Duties of Committee on Enrollment
Motions not privileged
Not necessary to second motion
Committees how and when engaged
141
Privileges on the floor
Privileges of the floor
Duty of Committee on Journals
Members to receipt Clerk for books and papers
fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the Speaker may assign said members to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 177 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the House except the members and officers thereof the officers and members of the Senate the Governor of the State and the heads of the officers of the Executive Department Members of Congress from Georgia State House officers and members of the press actively reporting Legislative proceedings exGovernors Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral in actual commission expresiding officers of the House and Senate Judges and DistrictAttorneys of the United States Courts and such others as the House may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on the Privileges of the Floor The report of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor may be made at any time the chairman of the committee is recognized by the Speaker Privileges of the floor and use of the press table shall be extended only to those representatives of the press bearing proper credentials from recognized newspapers of general circulation and telegraphic press associations provided that no person shall be admitted on the floor of the House who is engaged in lobbying or in attempting to influence legislation
Rule 178 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the House that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Clerk
Rule 179 No member shall take any books or papers from the possession of the House or Clerk without first acquainting the Clerk and giving him a receipt to return the same in a reasonable time or on his demand
142
Rule 180 The House shall convene at 10 a m Adjournment Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the nd meeting House The hour of adjournment to be fixed by a majority of said House on motion without debate
Rule 181 A motion for the call of the yeas and asiandr nays shall be decided without debate nays not
debatable
Rule 182 All Acts and joint resolutions shall be signature signed by the Speaker and Clerk and all writs war speaker rants and subpoenas issued by order of the House shall be signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk
Rule 183 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to Duty of attend to the wants of the House while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of th Speaker to execute the demands of the House from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the Speaker
Rule 184 The Messenger under the direction of Messengers 4 u m i i duty in dis
me Clerk shall superintend the distribution by the tributing
n j n i J documents
x ages ot all documents and papers to be distributed etc to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Rule 185 No Committee of the Whole or other interiineacommittee shall deface or interline a bill resolution bidden or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendment recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendment relates
Rule 186 No pairing of members shall be recog pairing nized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Rule 187 Whenever any member moves that a Committee Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of fSencel the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the Speaker
143
Amendments
Majority and
minority
reports
What motions lie on table
Changing
votes
Questions of
privilege
Proviso
shall appoint a committee on the part of the House and in such case the committee shall consist of only such members as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the House and if by inadvertence any member be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the House and be excused by the Speaker
Rule 188 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the House it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the House but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 189 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
Rule 190 Every motion for information from the Executive Department or any other Department of the State Government shall lie on the table one day and on the following day such motion shall be deemed privileged and shall be in order for immediate consideration at the request of the author or any other member of the House
Rule 191 On the call of the yeas and nays the Clerk shall read the names of the members after they have been called and no member shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 192 Questions of privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the House collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of members individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other
144
questions except a motion to adjourn Provided that when any matter is before the House no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question shall be disposed of
Rule 193 In all elections a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Rule 194 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing Rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
Rule 195 The Auditing Committee shall before auditing the account of any member for expenses of a committeeman or any account prescribed by a member for any expense incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of this House require of such an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item of said account
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 196 The following shall be the order of business
1 Scripture Reading and Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of the committee on the Journal
4 Reading of the Journal
5 Confirmation of the Journal
6 Unanimous consents
7 Motions to reconsider
8 Reports of standing committees
9 House bills favorably reported for a second reading
10 Unfinished business of previous session
11 Orders of the day
145
12 On Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call of the counties for the introduction of new matter On Mondays and Wednesdays third reading of Senate bills and resolutions
13 House bills and resolutions for third reading and House bills and resolutions with Senate amendments
14 On Tuesdays House bills on the calendar adversely reported for a second reading
15 On Mondays and Fridays immediately after the call of the counties Senate bills for first and second reading shall be in order
16 On Wednesdays immediately after the call of the counties all petitions and reports of committees on petitions shall be in order
17 Bills of Senate for third reading
18 Senate resolutions
19 Reports of committees on enrollment may be made at any time
20 After the regular order of business for each day shall have been exhausted House Bills for first and second reading and Senate Bills for first and second reading respectively shall be in order
Unless otherwise ordered by the House no general bills or resolutions shall be in order for a third reading or for reconsideration at Saturdays session General bills or resolutions otherwise in order for reconsideration on Saturday shall stand over until the following Monday
146
Rule 197 No committee of the House shall consist of more than twentyfive members This rule however shall not apply to the following committees Amendments to the Constitution Appropriations County and County Matters Education Georgia State Sanitarium General Agriculture No 1 General Agriculture No 2 General Judiciary No 1 General Judiciary No 2 Municipal Government Penitentiary Public Highways University of Georgia and Its Branches Ways and Means Western and Atlantic Railroad
147
COMMITTEES
Rule 198 The Speaker shall appoint the following committees
Academy for the Blind
Amendments to the Constitution
Appropriations
Auditing
Banks and Banking
Conservation
Corporations
Counties and County Matters
Drainage
Education
Engrossing
Enrollment
Excuse of Members Absent without Leave
Game and Fish
General Agriculture No 1
General Agriculture No 2
General Judiciary No 1 for the consideration of general bills
General Judiciary No 2 for the consideration of general bills
Georgia School for the Deaf
Georgia State Sanitarium
Hall and Rooms
Hygiene and Sanitation
Insurance
Invalid Pensions and Soldiers Home
Journals
Labor and Labor Statistics
Legislative and Congressional Reapportionment Manufactures
Military Affairs
148
Mines and Mining
Municipal Government
Penitentiary
Pensions
Privileges and Elections
Privileges of the Floor
Public Highways
Public Library
Public Printing
Public Property
Railroads
Rules of which the Speaker shall be exofficio Chairman
Special Judiciary for consideration of special and local bills
Sanitarium at Alto
State of Republic
Temperance
Training Schools
Uniform State Laws
University of Georgia and its Branches
Ways and Means
Western and Atlantic Railroad for the consideration of all matters pertaining to the Western and Atlantic Railroad
The Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Ways and Means shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
Rule 199 Whenever any bill or resolution has been referred to a committee and the same has been held in the custody or control of such committee for
149
ten days without reporting on same the author of such bill or any member of the House shall have the right immediately after the confirmation of the Journal to give notice that on the next regular meeting of the House he will submit a motion instructing such committee to report such bill back to the House after which on the next regular meeting day of the House any member of the House immediately after the confirmation of the Journal may move to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House and if the motion prevails it shall be the duty of such committee to report such bill or resolution accordingly with or without recommendation as the case may be at the next regular session and upon failure of said Committee to report such bill accordingly the same shall automatically be returned to the House for consideration Debate on said motion to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House shall be limited to twenty minutes unless otherwise ordered by the House and when such bill or resolution is so reported or returned to the House it may be referred or committed as other bills or resolutions Provided that any motion or resolution to set a special order or to change the order of business for any particular day which has been referred to the Committee on Rules may be held in the custody and control of such committee only three days instead of ten days under this rule It shall be the duty of the committee to which any measure providing for an appropriation is referred to report such bill or measure back to the House at least fifteen days prior to the last day of the session regardless of any such notice or motion by the author or any other member
150
Rule 200 In drawing for seats all members except those who have been permitted by the House to select seats without drawing shall retire to the rear of the Hall The names of all counties printed on separate slips of papers shall be deposited in a box and the box placed on the Clerks desk The names of the counties shall be drawn separately from the box and announced by the Clerk from his desk
When the name of a county is announced the member for members from that county shall come forward to the Clerks desk and secure a desk card with name and county printed thereon and then proceed to select his seat All desks shall be arranged in their proper position on the floor of the House and no desk shall be moved or changed
The Speaker shall have the right to reserve seats for the chairmen of the committees on Appropriations and Ways and Means and for the vicechairman of Committee on Rules before the drawing for seats
151
Georgia House of Representatives
INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF
Prepared by W Cecil Neill of Muscogee County
ABSENTEES Rule No
Auditing Committee duty as to 134
Clerks duty as to 134
Roll call dispensed with when 133
ADJURN MOTION TO
Committee of whole not in order in 119
Definite time debatable when 57
Effect when motion prevails 60
Motion not debatable 56180
Motion not amendable56
Motion when in orderl 58
Motion when not in order 59
Precedence of motion 55
Shall not be cade second time until when 56
AMENDMENTS
Constitutional time limit 151
Courtesy to speaker at time of 26
Effect of 60
Effect when hour of arrives when House acting under previous question 61
Effect when hour of arrives during vote by yeas and nays 61
Hour of fixed by House 180
ADVERSE REPORT
Bills and resolutions adversely reported taken up when 41
Debate on final passage 72
Effect of on bills 48
AMENDMENTS
Applicable to an amendment 94
Bills or resolutions amended by sections 102
Bill perfected before caption or preamble 101
Bills perfected before substitute 96
Blanks must be filled 100
Clerks duty in amending by striking out and inserting 104
Committee of whole action on 126
153
Rule No
Committee of whole what reported to House 132
Germane must be 103
Motion to amend how made 94
Motion to commit amendable 92
Motion to postpone indefinitely not amendable 80
Motion to pospone to time definite amendable 85
Motion to table amendment not in order 62
Motion to table not amendable 68
Must be in writing 98
Precedence of motion to amend 55
Priority of amendments 99
Priority of amendments to perfect part prosposed to be striken 105
Priority of over motion to agree or disagree107
Priority of questions on Senate Amendments to H B 108
Priority of on passage of bill 188
Senate amendments to H B House amendment in order 106
Reconsidered when 113
Substitute is an amendment 95
When in order 188
When too late97188
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION
Submission to people 160
Convention called 161
APPEALS
From Speakers decision 8
Members may address House 11
No debate when of personal character 9
To be made at once 10
APPLAUSE
Speakers right to suppress 29
APPROPRIATIONS
General bill right of way 41
Governors power over 157
Considered in committee of whole 51
House must originateI 144
ATTENDANCE
Call of House 136
Messengers duty 135
Power to compel 135136
Speakers duty 135
154
Rule No
AUDITING COMMITTEE
Absentees duty as to 134
Accounts of members duty as to 195
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Amendments and substitutes bill first perfected 96
Amendments by sections 102
Amendments to Code sections 146
Amendments to passed on before those to caption or preamble 101
Appropriations House must originate1 144
Clerk to state number and author when reading 41
Clerk to call in order on calendar 41
Committee of whole how read 118
Committee reports favorable effect of 48
Committee reports unfavorable effects of 43
Committee reports order of precedence 53
Corporations laws relating to 148
Engrossment effect of 43
General appropriations what to embrace 150
General laws how changed 147
Governors approval necessary 158
Governors failure to return 157
Governors veto I57
Immediate transmission when 49
Introduction when 47
Printed when 59
Reconsideration effect of 114
Rejected when again considered 153
Relief of principals and sureties 149
Requirements for 52
Speakers duty to committ 43
Special laws prohibited when 147
Subjectmatter only one and expressed in title 145
Unanimous consent for reading 43
Withdrawal of when 43
Majority necessary to pass 139
Debate none at first reading 43
Constitutional requirements as to reading 143
Reading of unanimous consent 43
Reading first no debate 43
Reading constitutional requirement 143
CALL OF HOUSE
Committee of whole not in order 119
Contempt refusal to vote on 14
155
Rule No
When in order14136
When not in order 77
CAPTION
Not considered until bill perfected 101
CHANGE OF VOTES
How done and when 191
CLERK
Absence of speaker and speaker pro tem duty of 7
Absentees duty of 134
Amendments stricking out and inserting duty of 104
Bills and resolutions how read committee of whole 118
Bills and resolutions called in order from calender 41
Bills and resolutions name and authors stated 41
Books duty to care for171179
Call of counties Monday Wednesdays and Fridays 40
Journal names not voting duty to enter 174
Oath of prescribedT 170
CODE SECTIONS
Amendments to Constitutional requirements 146
COMMITTEES
Amendments by take precedence 188
Appointed by speaker 4198
Bills not to be interlined or defaced by 185
Chairmen Appropriation and Ways and Means ExOfficio Members 198
Conference how constituted 187
Defaulting committee provision as to 199
Enlarged how 176
Failure of to report provision as to 199
Membership limited 197
Reports of order of precedence 53
Reports of required 199
Reports must be in writing 189
Speaker exofficio member of Rulest 4
Speaker to appoint certain committees 4198
Rules committee how elected 4
COMMIT MOTION TO
Amended how 92
Applicable to what8993
Committee of whole not in order 11
Precedence of as among other motions 55
Precedence of as among motions to commit to different committees 90
156
Rule No
COMMITTEE OF WHOLE HOUSE
Amendments by action by House 126
Amendments to amendements how reported to House 132
Appropriation bills considered in 51
Bills read and debated by sections 118
Call of House not in order 119
Chairman appointed by Speaker 117
Chairman power to clear galleries or lobby 128
Debate how limited and closed 120
Disorderly conduct reported 127
Extension of time how secured 121
Formation of 117
House niay resolve itself into when 116
Interlineation of bills or resolutions prohibited 185
Journal not show proceedings 130
Members shall vote 125
Motion to commit to precedence 90
Motion to rise report progress and ask leave to sit again 122
Papers called for 131
Proceedings how closed 122
Proceedings not reported in Journalt 130
Procedure when business finished 129
Quorum not present precedure 124
Reconsideration in order 123
Reports of precedence 53
Rules applicable to and exceptions 119
Speaker may resolve House into when 115
Speaker may take part 125
Speaker chairman appointed by 117
CONSTITUTIONAL RULES
Adjournments limited 151
Amendments to Code sections 146
Amendments to Constitution 160
Appropriation Bills House must originate 144
Appropriation Bill General what to embrace 150
Appropriations Journal to show yeas and nays 141
Bills majority necessary to pass2 139
Bills reading of 143
Bills rejected when again considered 153
Bills subjectmatter expressed in title 145
Bills only one subjectmatter permitted 145
Constitutional convention how called 161
Corporations power of General Assembly over 148
County sites how changed or removed 159
157

Rule No
Date of meeting fixed 154
Elections by General Assembly 152
Expulsion of members twothirds vote necessary 155
General laws how changed 147
General appropriation bill what to embrace 150
Governor failure to return bills1 157
Governors signature when required 156158
Governors veto 157
House judges of election and qualification of members 155
Journal must show majority vote 139
Journal must show yeas and nays when required140141142
Local and special bills notice required 163
Members power to puraish misconduct of 155
Members oath of prescribed 138
Quorum defined 137
Relief of principals and sureties 149
Salaries of certain officials how changed 162
Special laws prohibited when 147
Subjectmatter bills to contain but one 145
Subjectmatter must be expressed in title 145
Veto of Governor 157
Yeas and nays required when140141142
Yeas and nays Journal to show on Apps 141
Yeas and nays Journal to show where twothirds vote required 142
CONTEMPT
Refusal to vote unless excused on call of House 14
CONTEST
Contestant and contestee to retire when vote taken 22
CONVERSATION
Prohibited 24
COUNTY SITE
How changed or removed 159
DEBATE
Adjournment decided without 180
Bills first reading no debate48
Committee of whole regulated 119120
Committee happenings reference to out of order 27
Conversations reference to out of order 27
Conduct of members in 17
Individual speeches limited 17
Motion to adjourn not debatable 56
Motion to change rules not debatable 46
Motion to commit when debatable 91
158
RuleNo
Motion to change order of business not debatable 46
Motion to extend members time of speaking not debatable17
Motion to excuse member from voting not debatablei 34
Motion to indefinitely postpone debatable 80
Motion to instruct committee debate limited 199
Motion for previous question not debatable 71
Motion to read papers not debatable 33
Motion to suspend rules not debatable 46
Motion to table not debatable 68
Motion to postpone to time defnate what debatable 87
Previous question decided affirmatively debate regulated 72
Priority of business not debatable 16
Roll call no debate dining 30
Senate happenings reference to out of order 27
Yeas and nays decided without debate 181
DISPARAGING REMARKS
Members prohibited from 28
DIVISION
Duty of member calling for 37
Motion to excuse from voting to be made beforeL 34
Right to call for 36
What not divisible3839
DRAWING FOR SEATS
Regulated 200
ELECTION
House Judge of of members 155
Majority vote necessary 193
ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE
Duties of 172
EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN
Procedure ig
EXPLANATION OF VOTES
When allowed and time limited 32
EXPULSION OF MEMBERS
When 17155
DOORKEEPER
Duty as to enforcement of rule as to intoxication 25
Duty as to messagesj 164
Speaker may suspend when 12
159
Rule No
GALLERIES
Applause to be suppressed 29
Committee of whole chairman may clear 128
Speaker may clear 13
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Meets when 154
Session limited 154
GENERAL APPROPRIATION BILL
Constitutional provision as to what it shall embrace 150
Right of way in order of business 41
GENERAL LAWS
How changedi 147
GENERAL TAX BILL
Right of way of 41
GOVERNOR
Failure to return bill effect 157
Signature when required156158
Veto 157
HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT
Fixed by House 180
IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO SENATE
Twothirds vote necessary 49
INTOXICATION
Member denied floor while in state of 25
JOURNAL
Absentees shown on 134
Amendments to Constitution yeas and nays must be shown on 160
Appropriation of money yeas and nays shown 141
Committee duty to read 178
Committee f whole proceedings not shown 130
Majority on passage of bills must be shown 139
Names those not voting shown on 174
Yeas and nays to be shown140141
LAUDATORY REMARKS
Prohibited in Nominationsr 28
LOCAL BILLS
Constitutional requirement as to reading 143
Constitutional requirement as to notice 163
Introduced when 47
Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent 43
160
MAIN QUESTION Rule No
Effect as to when votes had on motion for previous question717254
Minority report time allowed for debate 77
Motion to table supercedes whenT 70
Reconsideration of 71
When ordered call of House 77
When ordered vote how taken 73
MAJORITY
Bill majority vote necessary to pass 139
Elections majority vote necessary 193
Quorum majority necessary 137
MEMBERS
Adjournment duty of at 26
Arrest subject to when135136137
Attendance of compelled when135136137
Books and papes duty as to 179
Called to order for transgressing rules 17
Changing votes how and when 191
Committee of whole right to speak119
Committee of whole duty to vote 125
Conduct in debate 17
Conversation and smoking prohibited1924
Debate how often to speak 17
Debate individual speeches limited 17
Debate reference to conversations happenings in committee and
Senate prohibited 27
Decorum of17242627
Designation of members mode of 20
Exceptions to words of procedure 18
Expulsion of when15517
Interrogating mode of 21
Intoxication denied floor when in state of 25
Introduction of bills number limited 40
Introduction of bills name and county to be endorsed 52
Laudatory remarks in nominations 28
Member speaking duty of while 26
Misconduct in house and committee of whole155127
Motion may make one at a time1 31
Motion must resume seat while being put 31
Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when 35
Oath of prescribed 138
Protests of proceedings 23
Retire when required to 22
Seats drawing for 200
Vote shall not when interested 22
Vote shall exception24125
161
Rule No
MEMORIALS
Manner of presentation 168
MEETING OF HOUSE
Adjournment fixed by House 180
Time of meeting for daily sessions 180
Constitutional provision 154
MINORITY REPORTS
How made 189
Main question ordered privilege first signer 75
MESSAGES
How sent announced received and considered 165
MESSENGER
Arrest of members135136
Exofficio sergeantatarms 135
Intoxicated member enforcement of rule t 25
General duties 183184
Speaker may suspend when 12
MOTIONS
Information from executive department lie on table 190
Nondebatable prohibited when 35
One at a time only 31
Order of priority 55
Order of business motion to change not debatable 46
Order of business motion to change vote necessary 54
Read papers motion to decide without debate 33
Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 44
Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted424546
Seconding of unnecessary 175
Special orders motion to make how substituted 42
Strike out and insert motion to not divisible 39
Unprivileged to lie on table 173
Withdrawn how 167
NEW MATTERS
Call of counties by clerk 40
General bills limited to one a day 40
Information from executive department to lie on table 190
Motion unprivileged containing lie on table 173
Unanimous consents forJ 43
NOMINATIONS
Laudatory remarks prohibited 28
162
0ATHS Rule No
Of cleric prescribed iL 170
Of Members prescribed 138
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Changed how 4445
Motion to change not debatable 46
Motion to change vote necessary 4454
Priority of established 196
Rules committee to fix during last seyen days 54
PARLIAMENTARY LAW
Applicable when I94
PETITIONS
Considered when Igg
Manner of presentationjV 168
PREAMBLE
Not considered until resolution perfected 101
Established i 55
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Adjourn motion not in order after affirmative votes on 71
Adjournment effect arrival hour of House acting under 61
Affirmative votes result71727475
Applicable to whatf70
Call of House not in order after ordered except when 77
Call for sustained motion to table in order 70
Exhausted must be before matters of words excepted to decided 18
Precedence of motion 55
POSTPONE
AppEcable to what definite and indefinite J 8188
Committee of whole motion to definitely postpone not in order 119
Debate motion to indefinitely postpone debatable but not amendable 80
Definitely postpone motion to amendable 85
Effect of affirmative action on motion to indefinitely postpone 79
Effect of affirmative action on motion to postpone to time definite 84
Effect of negative action 4
Indefinitely motion to when not applicable 81
Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 86
Indefinitely motion to not renewable 82
Precedence of motion 55
PRIVILEGE
Motion without to lie on table 173
Personal privilege192
Questions of what constitutes 192
163
Rule No
PRIVILEGES OF FLOOR
Who entitled to 177
PRINTING OF BILLS
When ordered 50
PROTESTS OF MEMBERS
Procedure 23
QUALIFYING PARAGRAPH
Not a divisible question 38
QUORUM
Constitutional definition 137
READING OF PAPERS
House determines by vote 33
RECONSIDERATION
Amendments when reconsidered 113
Bills notice of motion when given 109
Bills notice not to be withdrawn when 110
Committee of whole motion in order 123
Effect of on bills 114
Main question ordered motion in order to reconsider 71
Motion in order but once on same subject matter 111
Motions when in order 112
REMONSTRANCES
Manner of presentation 168
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
Committees may report by bill or otherwise 169
Order of precedence of 53
ROLL CALL
Explanation of votes on 32
Debate none during 30
How dispensed with 133
Speaker may order when 15
RULES
Motion to suspend or change decided without debate 46
Suspended or changed how444546
RULES COMMITTEE
Constituted and elected how 4
Effect of failure to report 45
164
Rule No
Order of business fixed by during last seven days 54
Report of in order when 169
Special orders and motions to suspend rules duty to report on4245
SALARIES
Constitutional provision as to changing 162
SEATS
Drawing for regulated 200
SERGEANTATARMS
Call of House duty of 136
Messenger is exofficio 135
SIGNATURE OF SPEAKER AND CLERK
When required 182
SILENCE
Members to preserve when 19
SMOKING
Prohibited 24
SPEAKER
Absence of Speaker pro tern to preside 7
Adjournment members to remain until Speaker retires 26
Appeals from decision of891011
Appeals from decision of to be made at once 10
Appeals from decision of no debate when 9
Appointment of committees by4198
Appointment of chairman of Committee of Whole 117
Appointment of Conference Committee 187
Attendance power to compel 135
Business priority of decided without debate 16
Chairman Committee of Whole appointed by 117
Committees appointed by4198
Committee of Whole may resolve House into when 115
Committee of Whole assumes chair when 122
Committee of Whole receiving chairmans report 129
Committee of Whole right to take part in 125
Courtesy of members to at adjournment 26
Doorkeeper Speaker may suspend 12
Galleries may be cleared by 13
Interrogation of members conducted through 21
Irrelevant debate power to suspend 1
Members Speaker may name to preside 6
165
Rule No
Members courtesy due by at adjournment 26
Method of stating question by 5
Quorum duty of when no quorum voting 1415
Recognition of members decided by 3
Recognition of members for unanimous consent 43
Rules Committee Speaker exofficio member 4
Silence commanded by when 1
Suspension of officers 12
Vote Speaker required to when 2
SPEAKER PRO TEM
Absence of Speaker duty to preside 7
Absence of Speaker duty to preside 7
elect 7
SPECIAL COMMITTEE
Priority of motion to commit in 90
SPECIAL LAWS
Notice requiredL 163
Prohibited when 147
SUBJECTMATTER
Bills to contain but one and expressed in title 145
SUBSTITUTE
Amendment isg 95
Bill perfected before substitute 96
Motion to table not in order 62
SUSPENSION OF RULES
How accomplished444546
TABLE MOTION TO
Amendment or substitute motion to table not in orderi 62
Amendment motion to table not subject to 68
Application of what can be laid on table 69
Committee of whole motion not in order 119
Debate motion to table not debatable 68
Effect when motion to table prevails 64
Effect when motion to take from table prevails 6365
Effeet when motion to take from table prevails where measure tabled
after roll call 66
Executive department information called from tabled one day 190
Main question motion to table in order after motion for previous
question sustained 70
166
Rule No
Main question motion to table not in order after House has voted
that main question shall be now put 70
Motion to take from when in order 63
Previous question motion to table in order after call for sustained 70
Previous question motion to table not in order after main question
ordered 70
Renewal of motions to table and take from when 67
Roll call motion not in order until completion 66
TWOTHIRDS VOTE NECESSARY WHEN
Amendments to Constitution 160
Constitution Convention 161
County Site changed or removed 159
Expulsion of members 155
Governors veto overridden156157158
Prolongation of session 156
UNANIMOUS CONSENTS
Limitation and regulation ofZ 43
YEAS AND NAYS
Adjournment effect when hour of arrives during vote by 61
Amendments to Constitution 160
Changing votes after call of 191
Committee of whole vote not taken by 119
Explanation of votes when vote taken by 32
Excuse from voting motion must be made before roll call begins 34
Journals to show when 140141142
Journal to show names not voting 174
Motion to table when in order when vote taken by 66
Required when 73140141142
Speaker may order when no quorum voting 15
167
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ARTICLE LBill of Rights 169
ARTICLE IIElective Franchise172
ARTICLE IIILegislative Department 176
ARTICLE IVPower of the General Assembly over Taxation 183
ARTICLE VExecutive Department 185
ARTICLE VIJudiciary 189
ARTICLE VIIFinance Taxation and Public Debt 199
ARTICLE VIIIEducation 212
ARTICLE IXHomestead and Exemption 214
ARTICLE XMilitia 216
ARTICLE XICounties and County Officers 216
ARTICLE XIIThe Laws of General Operation in Force in this
State 245
ARTICLE XIIIAmendments to the Constitution 246
ORDINANCES 247
168
CONSTITUTION
OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
1924
PREAMBLE
To perpetuate the principles of free government insure justice to all preserve peace promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty we the people of Georgia relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God do ordain and establish this Constitution
ARTICLE I
Bill of Rights Section I
Paragraph I All government of right originates with the people is founded upon their will only and is instituted solely for the good of the whole Public officers are the trustees and servants of the people and at all times amenable to them
Par II Protection to person and property is the paramount duty of government and shall be impartial and complete
Par III No person shall be deprived of life liberty or property except by due process of law
Par IV No person shall be deprived of the right to prosecute or defend his own cause in any of the courts of this State in person by attorney or both
Par V Every person charged with an offence against the laws of this State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel shall be furnished on demand with a copy of the accusation and a list of the witnesses on whose testimony the charge against him is founded shall have compulsory process to obtain the testimony of his own witnesses shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him and shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury
Par VI No person shall be compelled to give testimony tending in any manner to criminate himself
Par VII Neither banishment beyond the limits of the State nor whipping as a punishment for crime shall be allowed
Par VIII No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty more than once for the same offense save on his or her own motion for a new trial after conviction or in case of mistrial
169
Par IX Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted nor shall any person be abused in being arrested while under arrest or in prison
Par X No person shall be compelled to pay costs except after conviction on final trial
Par XI The writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended
Par XII All men have the natural and inalienable right to worship God each according to the dictates of his own conscience and no human authority should in an case control or interfere with such right of conscience
Par XIII No inhabitant of this State shall be molested in person or property or prohibited from holding any public office or trust on account of his religious opinions but the right of liberty of conscience shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the State
Par XIV No money shall ever be taken from the public treasury directly or indirectly in aid of any church sect or denomination of religionists or of any sectarian institution
Par XV No law shall ever be passed to curtail or restrain the liberty of speech or of the press any person may speak write and publish his sentiments on all subjects being responsible for the abuse of that liberty
Par XVI The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrent shall issue except upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the persons or things to be seized
Par XVII There shall be within the State of Georgia neither slavery nor involuntary servitude save as a punishment for crime after legal conviction thereof
Par XVIII The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject of legislation
Par XIX The civil authority shall be superior to the military and no soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner nor in time of war except by the civil magistrate in such manner as may be provided by law
Par XX The power of the courts to punish for contempts shall be limited by legislative acts
Par XXI There shall be no imprisionment for debt
Par XXII The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the manner in which arms may be borne
Par XXIII The legislative judical and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided
Par XXIV The people have the right to assemble peaceably for their common good and to apply to those vested with the powers of government for redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance
170
Par XXV All citizens of the United States resident in this State are hereby declared citizens of this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact such laws as will protect them in the full enjoyment of the rights privileges and immunities due to such citizenship
Section II
Paragraph I In all prosecutions or indictments for libel the truth may be given in evidence and the jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law and the facts The power of the judges to grant new trials in case of conviction is preserved
Par II Treason against the State of Georgia shall consist in levying war against her adhering to her enemies giving them aid and comfort No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or confession in open court
Par III No conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate
Par IV All lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets are hereby prohibited and this prohibition shall be enforced by penal laws
Par V Lobbying is declared to be a crime and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par VI The General Assembly shall have the power to provide for the punishment of fraud and shall provide by law for reaching property of the debtor concealed from the creditor
Section III

Paragraph I In cases of necessity private ways may be granted upon just compensation being first paid by the applicant Private property shall not be taken or damaged for public purposes without just adequate compensation being first paid
Par II No bill of attainder exjpost jacto law retroactive law or law impairing the obligation of contracts or making irrevocable grants of special privileges or immunities shall be passed
Par III No grant of special privileges or immunities shall be revoked except in such manner as to work no injustice to the corporators or creditors of the incorporation
Section IV
Paragraph I Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special leg
171
islation except with the free consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Par II Legislative acts in violation of this Constitution or the Constitution of the United States are void and the judiciary shall so declare them
Section V
Paragraph I The people of this State have the inherent sole and exclusive right of regulating their internal government and the police thereof and of altering and abolishing their Constitution whenever it may be necessary to their safety and happiness
Par II The enumeration of rights herein contained as a part of this Constitution shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent rights which they may have hitherto enjoyed
ARTICLII
Elective Franchise
Section I
Paragraph I After the year 1908 elections by the people shall be by ballot and only those persons shall be allowed to vote who have been first registered in accordance with the requirements of law
Par II Every male citizen of this State who is a citizen of the United States twentyone years old or upwards not laboring under any of the disabilities named in this Article and possessing the qualifications provided by it shall be an elector and entitled to register and vote at any election by the people Provided that no soldier sailor or marine in the military or naval services of the United States shall acquire the rights of an elector by reason of being stationed on duty in this State
Par III To entitle a person to register and vote at any election by the people he shall have resided in the State one year next preceding the election and in the county in which he offers to vote six months next preceding the election and shall have paid all taxes which may have been required of him since the adoption of the Constitution of Georgia of 1877 that he may have had an opportunity of paying agreeably to law Such payment must have been made at least six months prior to the election at which he offers to vote except when such elections are held within six months from the expiration of the time fixed by law for the payment of such taxes
Par IV Every male citizen of this State shall be entitled to register as an elector and to vote in all elections in said State who is not disqualified under the provisions of Section 2 of Article 2 of this Constitution and who possesses the qualifications prescribed in paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section
172
or who will possess them at the date of the election occurihg next after his registration and who in addition thereto comes within either of the classes provided for in the five following subdivisions of this paragraph
1 All persons who have honorably served in the land or naval forces of the United State s in the Revolutionary War or in the War of 1812 or in the War with Mexico or in any War with the Indians or in the War between the States or in the War with Spain or who honorably served in the land or naval forces of the Confddferate States or of the State of Georgia in the War between the States or
2 All persons lawfully descended from those embraced in the classes enumerated in the subdivision next above or
3 All persons who are of good character and understand the duties and obligations of citizenship under a republican form of government or
4 All persons who can correctly read in the English language any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State and correctly write the same in the English language when read to them by any one of the registrars and all persons who solely because of physical disability are unable to comply with the above requirements but who can understand and give a reasonable interpretation of any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State that may be read to them by any one of the registrars or
5 Any person who is the owner in good faith in his own right of at least forty acres of land situated in this State upon which he resides or is the owner in good faith in his own right of property situated in this State and assessed for taxation at the value of 50000
Par V The right to register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of paragraph 4 shall continue only until January 1st 1915 But the registrars shall prepare a roster of all persons who register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of paragraph 4 and shall return the same to the clerks office of the superior court of their counties and the clerks of the superior court shall send copies of the same to the secretary of State and it shall be the duty of these officers to record and permanently preserve these rosters Any person who has been once registered under either of the subdivisions 1 or 2 of paragraph 4 shall thereafter be permitted to vote Provided he meets the requirements of paragraph 2 and 3 of this Section
Par VI Any person to whom the right of registration is denied by the registrars upon the ground that he lacks the qualifications set forth in the five subdivisions of paragraph 4 shall have the right to take an appeal and any citizen may enter an appeal from the decision of the registrars allowing any person to register under said subdivisions All appeals must be filed in writing with the registrars within ten days from the date of the decision complained of and shall be returned by the registrars to the office of the clerk of the superior court to be tried as other appeals
Par VII Pending an appeal and until the final decision of the case the judgment of the registrars shall remain in full force
173
Par VIII No person shall be allowed to participate in a primary of any political party or a convention of any political party in this State who is not a qualified voter
Par IX The machinery provided by law for the registration of force October 1st 1908 shall be used to carry out the provisions of this Section except where inconsistent with same the legislature may change or amend the registration laws from time to time but no such change or amendment shall operate to defeat any of the provisions of this section
Section II
Paragraph I The General Assembly may provide from time to time for the registration of all electors but the following classes of persons shall not be permitted to register vote or hold any office or appointment of honor or trust in this State towit 1st Those who shall have been convicted in any court of competent jurisdiction of treason against the State of embezzlement of public funds malfeasance in office bribery or larceny or of any crime involving moral turpitude punishable by the laws of this State with imprisonment in the penitentiary unless such persons have been pardoned 2d idiots and insane persons
Section III
Paragraph I Electors shall in all cases except for treason felony larceny and breach of the peace be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections and in going to and returning from the same
Section IV
Paragraph I No person who is the holder of any public money contrary to law shall be eligible to any office in this State until the same is accounted for and paid into the treasury
Paragraph II No person who after the adoption of this Constitution being a resident of this State shall have been convicted of fighting a duel in this State or convicted of sending or accepting a challenge or convicted of aiding or abetting such duel shall hold office in this State unless he shall have been pardoned and every such person shall also be subject to such punishment as may be prescribed by law
Section V
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall by law forbid the sale distribution or furnishing of intoxicating drinks within two miles of election precincts on days of electionState county or municipaland prescribe punishment for any violation of the same
174
Section VI
Paragraph I Returns of elections for all civil officers elected by the people who are to be commissioned by the Governor and also for the members of the General Assembly shall be made to the Secretary of State unless otherwise provided by law
ARTICLE III
Legislative Department
Section I
Paragraph I The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives
Section II
Paragraph I The Senate shall consist of fiftyone members There shall be fiftyone Senatorial Districts as now arranged by counties Each District shall have one Senator
The First Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Chatham Bryan and Effingham
The Second Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Liberty Tattnall McIntosh Toombs Evans and Long
The Third Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wayne Pierce Appling Jeff Davis Bacon and Brantley
The Fourth Senatorial District shall be Composed of the counties of Glynn Camden and Charlton
The Fifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Coffee Ware and Clinch
The Sixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Echols Lowndes Berrien Tift and Lanier
The Seventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Brooks Thomas Colquitt and Grady
The Eighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Decatur Mitchell Miller and Seminole
The Ninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Early Calhoun and Baker
The Tenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dougherty Lee Worth and Turner
The Eleventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clay Randolph and Terrell
The Twelfth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Stewart Webster and Quitman
175
The Thirteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Sumter Schley and Macon
The Fourteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dooly Wilcox Pulaski Crisp and Bleckley
The Fifteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wheeler Montgomery and Toombs
The Sixteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Laurens Emanuel and Johnson
The Seventeenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Screven Bulloch Burke and Jenkins
The Eighteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Richmond Glascock and Jefferson
The Ninteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Taliaferro Greene and Warren
The Twentieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Baldwin Hancock and Washington
The Twentyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Twiggs Wilkinson and Jones
The Twentysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bibb Monroe Pike and Lamar
The Twentythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Houston Crawford Taylor and Peach
The Twentyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Muscogee Marion and Chattahoochee
The Twentyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Harris Upson and Talbot
The Twentysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Spalding Butts and Fayette
The Twentyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Barrow Walton and Oconee
The Twentyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Jasper Putnam and Morgan
The Twentyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wilkes Columbia Lincoln and McDuffie
The Thirtieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Elbert Madison and Hart
The Thirtyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hart Habersham Franklin and Stephens
The Thirtysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of White Dawson and Lumpkin
The Thirtythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hall Banks Jackson
The Thirtyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of DeKalb Rockdale and Newton
The Thirtyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Fulton Clayton and Henry
176
The Thirtysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Campbell Coweta Meriwether and Douglas
The Thirtyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Carroll Heard and Troup
The Thirtyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Haralson Polk and Paulding
The Thirtyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Cherokee Cobb and Douglas
The Fortieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Union Towns and Rabun
The Fortyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Pickens Fannin and Gilmer
The Fortysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bartow Floyd and Chattooga
The Fortythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Murray Gordon and Whitfield
The Fortyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties uf Walker Dade and Catoosa
The Fortyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Irwin Ben Hill and Telfair
The Fortysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bacon Pierce and Coffee
The Fortyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Colquitt Tift and Turner
The Fortyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Crisp Wilcox and Dodge
The Fortyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bulloch Candler and Evans
The Fiftieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clarke Oglethorpe and Wilkes
The Fiftyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Gwinnett Milton and Forsyth
Par II The general Assembly may change these districts after each census of the United States Provided that neither the number of districts nor the number of Senators from each district shall be increased
Section III
Paragraph I The House of Representatives shall consist of Representatives apportioned among the several counties of the State as such counties are marked and defined and as the same may be hereafter created as follows To the eight counties having the largest population three Representatives each to the thirty counties having the next largest population two Representatives each and the remaining counties one Representative each including the new counties of Lanier Seminole Brantley Long and Lamar
In the event of the ratification of this amendment to the Constitution and
177
in the event of the ratification of the amendments to the Constitution creating the counties of Lanier Seminole and Brantley or either of them the said counties so created shall also be entitled to representation in the General Assembly In the event of a ratification of the amendments creating the counties Qf Lanier Seminole and Brantley or either of them an election shall be held in such county or counties on the first Tuesday in January 1921 under the laws now governing similar elections for members of the General Assembly for the election of a member of the General Assembly from said county or counties for the session of 1921 and 1922
Par II The above apportionment shall be changed by the General Assembly at its first session after each census taken by the United States government so as to give the six counties having the largest population three representatives each and to the twentysix counties having the next largest population two representatives each but in no event shall the aggregate number of representatives be increased
Section IV
Paragraph I The members of the General Assembly shall be elected for two years and shall serve until the time fixed by law for the convening of the next General Assembly The provisions of this paragraph section and article shall apply to the term of the members of the General Assembly who were elected at the general election for members of the General Assembly in the year 1912
Par II The first election for members of the General Assembly under this Constitution shall take place on the first Wednesday in December 1877 the second election for the same shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and subsequent elections biennially on that day until the day of election is changed by law
Par III The first meeting of the General Assembly after the ratification of this Amendment to the Constitution shall be on the fourth Wednesday in June 1925 and bienially thereafter on the same day until the day shall be changed by law
No session of the General Assembly shall continue longer than sixty days Provided that if an mpeachment trial is pending at the end of sixty days the session may be prolonged until completion of said trial
Par IV A majority of each house shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each house may provide
Par V Each senator and representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interests and prosperity of this State
Par VII No person holding a military commission or other appointment or office having any emolument or compensation annexed thereto
178
under this State or the United States or either of them except justice of the peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either house nor shall any senator or representative after his qualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment having any emoulment annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected
Par VIII The seat of a member of either house shall be vacated on his removal from the district or county from which he was elected
Section V
Paragraph I The senators shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyfive years and who shall have been citizens of this State for four years and for one year residents of the district from which elected
Par II The presiding officer of the Senate shall be styled the President of the Senate and shall be elected viva voce from the senators
Par III The Senate shall have the sole power to try impeachments
Par IV When sitting for that purpose the members shall be on oath or affirmation and shall be presided over by the Chief Justice or the Presiding Justice of the Supreme Court Should the Chief Justice be disqualified the Senate shall elect the judge of the Supreme Court to preside No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of twothirds of the members present
Par V Judgments in case of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor trust or profit within this State but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indicment trial judgment and punishment according to law
Section VI
Paragraph I The representatives shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyone years and who shall have been citizens of this State for two years and for one year residents of the counties from which elected
Par II The presiding officer of the House of Representatives shall be styled the Speaker of the House of Representatives and shall be elected viva voce from the body
Par III The House of Representatives shall have the sole power to impeach all persons who shall have been or may be in office
179
Section VII
Paragraph I Each house shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the house to which he belongs
Par II Each house may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session of any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its presence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either house
Par III The members of both houses shall be free from attest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in going thereto or returning therefrom except for treason felony larceny or breach of the peace and no member shall be liable to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either house
Par IV Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings and publish it immediately after its adjournment
Par V The original journal shall be preserved after publication in the office of the Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof
Par VI The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the journal
Par VII Eviery bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each house unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection but the first and second reading of each local bill and bank and railroad charters shall consist of reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed
Par VIII No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subjectmatter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Par IX The general appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the executive legislative and judicial departments of the government payment of the public debt and interest thereon and the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Par X All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall orginate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Par XI No money shall be drawn from the treasury except by appropriation made by law and a regular statement and account of the receipt and expenditure of all public money shall be published every three months and also with the laws passed by each session of the General Assembly
Par XII No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each house are recorded
Par XIII All acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and
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the Speaker of theHouse of Representatives and no bill ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either house shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the house by which the same was rejected
Par XIV No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each house of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance so appear on the Journal
Par XV By an act approved September 24 1885 an amendment to the Constitution was submitted to vote of the people in October 1886 and adopted whereby the original of this paragraph was stricken from this Constitution
Par XVI No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefore shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such acts shall be passed
Par XVII No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Par XVIII The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the mariner in which such powers shall be exercised by the courts it may confer this authority to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to the Judges of the Superior Courts of this State in vacation All corporate powers and privileges to banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law and if in any event the secretary of State should be disqualified to act in any case then in that event the legislature shall provide by general laws by what person such charters shall be granted
Par XIX The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Par XX The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passengerrailway within the limits of any incorporated town or city without the consent of the corporate authorities
Par XXI Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both houses for the passing of an act or resolution the yeas and
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nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the journal
Par XXII The General Assembly shall have power to make all laws and ordinances consistent with this Constitution and not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States which they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of the State
Par XXIII No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Par XXIV Neither house shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of a disagreement between the two houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Section VIII
Paragraph I The offcers of the two houses other than the President and Speaker shall be a secretary of the Senate and clerk of the TIouse off Representatives and such assistants as they may appoint but the clerical expenses of the Senate shall not exceed sixty dollars per day for each session nor those of the House of Representatives seventy dollars per day for each session The secretary of the Senate and clerk of the House of Representatives shall be required to give bond and security for the faithful discharge of their respective duties
Section IX
Paragraph I The per diem of the members of the General Assembly shall not exceed seven dollars and mileage shall not exceed ten cents for each mile traveled by the nearest practicable route in going and returning from the Capital but the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall each receive not exceeding ten dollars per day
Section X
Paragraph I All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
Section XI
Paragraph I All property of the wife at the time of her marriage and all property given to inherited or acquired by her shall remain her separate property and not liable for the debts of her husband
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Section XII
Paragraph I All life insurance companies now doing business in this State or which may desire to establish agencies and do business in the State of Georgia chartered by other States of the Union or foreign States shall show that they have deposited with the comptrollergeneral of the State in which they are chartered or of this State the insurance commissioners or such other officer as may be authorized to receive it not less than one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by such officer equivalent to cash subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of policyholders
Par II When such showing is made to the comptrollergeneral of the State of Georgia by a proper certificate from the State official having charge of the funds so deposited the comptrollergeneral of the State of Georgia is authorized to issue to the company making such showing a license to do business in the State upon paying the fees required by law
Par III All life insurance companies chartered by the State of Georgia or which may hereafter be chartered by the State shall before doing business deposit with the comptrollergeneral of the State of Georgia or with some strong corporation which may be approved by said comptrollergeneral one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by him equivalent to cash to be subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of the policyholders of the company making such deposits all interests and dividends arising from such securities to be paid when due to the company so depositing Any such securities as may be needed or desired by the company may be taken from said department at any time by replacing them with other securities equally acceptable to the comptrollergeneral whose certificate for the same shall be furnished to the company
Par IV The General Assembly shall from time to time enact laws to compel all fire insurance companies doing business in this State whether chartered by this State or otherwise to deposit reasonable securities with the treasurer of this State to secure the people against loss by the operations of said companies
Par V The General Assembly shall compel all insurance companies in this State or doing business therein under proper penalties to make semiannual reports to the Governor and print the same at their own expense for the information and protection of the people
Article IV
Power of the General Assembly Over Taxation
Section I
Paragraph I The right of taxation is a sovereign right inalienable indestructible is the life of the State and rightfully belongs to the people in all republican governments and neither the General Assembly nor any nor
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all other departments of the government established by this Constitution shall ever have the authority to irrevocably give grant limit or restrain this right and all laws grants contracts and all other acts whatsoever by said government or any department thereof to effect any of these purposes shall be and are hereby declared to be null and void for every purpose whatsoever and said right of taxation shall always be under the complete control of and revocable by the State notwithstanding any gift grant or contract whatsoever by the General Assembly
Section II
Paragraph I The power and authority of regulating railroad freights and passenger tariffs preventing unjust discriminations and requiring reasonable and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs are hereby conferred upon the General Assembly whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time to regulate freight and passenger tariffs to prohibit unjust discriminations on the various railroads of this State and to prohibit said roads from charging other than just and reasonable rates and enforce the same by adequate penalties
Par II The exercise of the right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the General Assembly from taking the property and franchises of incorporated companies and subjecting them to public use the same as property of individuals and the exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged not so construed as to permit corporations to conduct their business in such a manner as to infringe the equal rights of individuals or the general wellbeing of the State
Par III The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation now existing nor alter or amend the same nor pass any other general or special law for the benefit of said corporation except upon the condition that such corporation shall thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution and every amendment of any charter of any corporation in this State or any special law for its benefit accepted thereby shall operate as a novation of said charter and shall bring the same under the provisions of this Constitution Provided that this section shall not extend to any amendment for the purpose of allowing any existing road to take stock in 6r aid in the building of any branch road
Par IV The General Assembly of this State shall have no power to authorize any corporation to buy shares or stock in any other corporation in this State or elsewhere or to make any contract or agreement whatever with any such corporation which may have the effect or be intended to have the effect to defeat or lessen competition in their respective business or to encourage monoply and all such contracts and agreements shall be illegal and void
Par V No railroad company shall give or pay any rebate or bonus in the nature thereof directly or indirectly or do any act to mislead or deceive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freights or passage
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and any such payments shall be illegal and void and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties
Par VI No provisions of this Article shall be deemed held or taken to impair the obligation of any contract heretofore made by the State of Georgia
Par VII The General Assembly shall enforce the provisions of this Article by appropriate legislation
ARTICLE V
Executive Department
Section I
Paragraph I The officers of the Executive Department shall consist of a Governor Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer
Par II The executive power shall be vested in a Governor who shall hold his office during the term of two years and until his successor shall be chosen and qualified He shall not be eligible to reelection after the expiration of a second term for the period of four years He shall have a salary of three thousand dollars per annum until otherwise provided by a law passed by a twothirds vote of both branches of the General Assembly which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected nor shall he receive within that time any other emolument from the United States or either of them or from any foreign power But this reduction of salary shall not apply to the present term of the present Governor
Par III The first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and the Governorelect shall be installed in office at the next session of the General Assembly An election shall take place biennially thereafter on said day until another date be fixed by the General Assembly Said election shall be held at the places of holding general elections in the several counties of this State in the manner prescribed for the election of members of the General Assembly and the electors shall be the same
Par IV The returns for every election of Governor shall be sealed up by the mamagers separately from other returns and directed to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives and transmitted to the secretary of State who shall without opening said returns cause the same to be laid before the Senate on the day after the two houses shall have been organized and they shall be transmitted by the Senate to the House of Representatives
Par V The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall convene in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives shall open and publish the returns m the presence and under the direction of the General Assembly and the
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person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Governor of this State but if no persons shall have such majority then from the two persons having the highest number of votes who shall be in life and shall not decline an election at the time appointed for the General Assembly to elect the General Assembly shall immediately elect a Governor viva voce and in all cases of election of a Governor by the General Assembly a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Par VI Contested elections shall be determined by both houses of the General Assembly in such manner as shall be prescribed by law
Par VII No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor who shall not have been a citizen of the United States fifteen years and a citizen of the State six years and who shall not have attained the age of thirty years
Paragraph VIII In case of the death resignation or disability of the Governor the President of the Senate shall exercise the executive powers of the government until such disability be removed or a successor is elected and qualified And in case of the death resignation or disability of the President of the Senate the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall exercise the executive powers of the government until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor
Par IX The General Assembly shall have power to provide by law for filling unexpired terms by special elections
Par X The Governor shall before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation 1 do solemnly swear or affirm as
the case may be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and will to the best of my ability preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof and the Constitution of the United States of America
Par XI The Governor shall be commanderinchief of the army and navy of this State and the militia thereof
Par XII He shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons to commute penalties remove disabilities imposed by law and to remit any part of a sentence for offences against the State after conviction except in case of treason and impeachment subject to such regulations as may be provided by law relative to the manner of applying for pardons Upon conviction for treason he may suspend the execution of the sentence and report the case to the General Assembly at the next meeting thereof when the General Assembly shall either pardon commute the sentence direct its execution or grant a further reprieve He shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body each case of reprieve pardon or commutation granted stating the name of the convict the offense for which he was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the reprive pardon or commutation and the reason for granting the same He shall take care that the laws are faithfully executed and shall be a conservator of the peace throughout the State
Par XIII He shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate or House of Representatives and shall give the
I8CT
General Assembly from time to time information of the state of the Commonwealth and reccommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expidient He shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions but no law shall be enacted at called sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them
Par XIV When any office shall become vacant by death resignation or otherwise the Governor shall have power to fill such vacancy unless otherwise provided by law and persons so appointed shall continue in office until a successor is commissioned agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution or by law in pursuance thereof
Par XV A person once rejected by the Senate shall not be reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter
Par XVI The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each house may pass a law notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill shall not be returned by the Governor within five days Sundays excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each house
Par XVII Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each house
Par XVIII He may require information in writing from the officers in the Executive Department on any subject relating to the duties of their respective officers It shall be the duty of the Governor quarterly and oftener if he deems it expedient to examine under oath the treasurer and comptrollergeneral of the State on all matters pertaining to their respective offices and to inspect and review their books and accounts The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of either of said officers from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same
Par XIX The Governor shall have the power to appoint his own secretaries not exceeding two in number and to provide such other clerical force as may be required in his office for salaries and clerical force in his office shall not exceed the sum of ten thousand dollars 1000000 and this sum shall not be exceeded either directly or indirectly for any services rendered the Governor in the way of clerical assistance or in any other manner
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Section II
Paragraph I The secretary of State comptrollergeneral and treasurer shall be elected by persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the same time and in the same manner as th Governor The provisions of the Constitution as to the transmission of the returns of election counting the votes declaring the result deciding when there is no election and when there is a contested election applicable to the election Governor shall apply to the election of secretary of State comptrollergeneral and treasurer they shall be commissioned by the Governor and hold their offics for the same time as the Governor
Par II The salary of the treasurer shall not exceed fortyeight hundred dollars per annum the salary of the assistant treasurer shall not exceed thirtysix hundred dollars per annum The other clerical expenses of the Treasury Department shall not exceed six thousand dollars per annum The premium on the bond of the treasurer shall be paid by the State provided that this amendment shall not take effect until the Bank Bureau as now conducted in the State Treasury Department shall have been separated from that department according to law
Par III The salary of the secreatry of State shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the clerical expenses of his department shall not exceed one thousand dollars per annum
Par IV The salary of the comptrollergeneral shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum The clerical expenses of his department including the insurance department and wildland clerk shall not exceed four thousand dollars per annum and without said clerk it shall not exceed three thousand dollars per annum
Par V The treasurer shall not be allowed directly or indirectly to receive any fee interest or reward from any person bank or corporation for the deposit or use in any manner of the public funds and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par VI No person shall be eligible to the office of secretary of State comptrollergeneral or treasurer unless he shall have been a citizen of the United States for ten years and shall have resided in this State for six years next preceding his lection and shall be twentyfive years of age when elected All of said officers shall give bond and security under regulations to be prescribed by law for the faithful discharge of their duties
Par VII The secretary of State the comptrollergeneral and the treasurer shall not be allowed any fee perquisite or compensation other than their salaries as prescribed by law except their necessary expenses when absent from th seat of government on business for th State
Section III
Paragraph I The great seal of the State shall be deposited in the office of the secretary of State and shall not be affixed to any instrument of
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writing except by order of the Governor or General Assembly and that now in use shall be the great seal of the State until otherwise provided by law
ARTICLE VI
Judiciary

Section I
Paragraph I The judicial powers of the State shall be vested in a Supreme Court a Court of Appeals superior courts courts of ordinary justices of the peace commissioned notaries public and such other courts as have been or may be established by law
Section II
Paragraph I The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and five Associate Justices A majority of the court shall constitute a quorum
Par II When one or more of the judges are disqualified from deciding any case by interest or otherwise tfye Governor shall designate a judge or judges of the superior courts to preside in said case
Par III No judge of any court shall preside in any case where the validity of any bondFederal State corporation or municipalis involved who holds in his own right or as the representative of others any material interests in the class of bonds upon which the question to be decided arises
Par IV The Chief Justice and Associate Justices shall hold their offices for six years and until their successors are qualified A successor to the incumbent whose term will soonest expire shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1880 a successor to the incumbent whose term of office is next in duration shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1882 and a successor to the third incumbent shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1884 but appointments to fill vacancies shall only be for the unexpired term or until such vacancies are filled by elections agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution
Par V The Supreme Court shall have no original jurisdiction but shall be a court alone for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts andthe City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases that involve the construction of the Constitution of the State of Georgia or of the United States or of treaties between the United States and foreign governments in all cases in which the constitutionality of anylawofthe State of Georgia or of the United States is drawn in question and until otherwise provided by law in all cases respecting titles to land in all equity cases in all cases which involve the validity of or the construction of wills in all cases of conviction of a capital felony in all habeaSeorpus cases in all cases involv
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ing extraordinary remedies in all divorce and alimony cases and in all cases certified to it by the Court of Appeals for its determination It shall also be competent for the Supreme Court to require by certiorari or otherwise any case to be certified to the Supreme Court from the Court of Appeals for review and determination with the same power and authority as if the case had been carried by writ of error to the Supreme Court Any case carried to the Supreme Court or to the Court of Appeals which belongs to the class of which the other court has jurisdiction shall until otherwise provided by law be transferred to the other court under such rules as the Supreme Court may prescribe and the cases so transferred shall be heard and determined by the court which has jurisdiction thereof
Par VI The Supreme Court shall dispose of every case at the first or second term after such yrit of error is brought and in case the plaintiff in error shall not be prepared at the first term to prosecute the caseunless prevented by providential casuseit shall be strihen from the docket and the judgement below shall stand affirmed
Par VII In any case the court may in its discretion withhold its judgment until the next term after the same is argued
Par VIII The Supreme Court shall hereafter consist of a Chief Justice and five Associate Justices The court shall have power to hear and determine cases when sitting either in a body or in two divisions of three judges each under such regulations as may be prescribed by the General Assembly A majority of either division shall constitute a quorum for that division The Chief Justice and the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court shall hereafter be elected by the people at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor and the Statehouse officers are elected except that the first election under this amendment shall be held on the third Wednesday in December 1896 at which time one Associate Justice shall be elected for a full term of six years to fill the vacancy occuring on January 1st 1897 by the expiration of the term of one of the present incumbents and three additional Associate Justices shall be elected for terms expiring respectively Janaury 1st 1899 January 1st 1901 and January 1st 1903 The persons elected as additional Associate Justices shall among themselves determine by lot which of the three lastmentioned terms each hall have and they shall be commissioned accordingly After said first election all terms except unexpired terms shall be for six years each In cases of any vacancy which causes an unexpired term the same shall be filled by executive appointment and the person appointed by the Governor shall hold his office until the next regular election and until his successor for the balance of the unexpired term shall have been elected and qualified The returns of said special elections shall be made to the secretary of State
Par IX The Court of Appeals shall consist of the judges provided therefor by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment and of such additional judges as the General Assembly shall from time to time prescribe All terms of the judges of the Court of Appeals after the expiration of the terms of the judges provided for by law at the time of the ratification
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of the amendment except unexpired terms shall continue six years and until their successors are qualified The time and manner of electing judges and the mode of filling a vacancy which causes an enexpired term shall be the same as are or may be provided for by the laws relating to the election and appointment of Justices of the Supreme Court The Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and from the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases in which such jurisdiction has not been conferred by this Constitution upon the Supreme Court and in such other cases as may hereafter be prescribed by law except that where a case is pending in the Court of Appeals and the Court of Appeals desires instruction from the Supreme Court it may certify the same to the Supreme Court and thereupon a transcript of the record shall be transmitted to the Supreme Court which after having afforded to the parties an opportunity to be heard thereon shall instruct the Court of Appeals on the question so certified and the Court of Appeals shall be bound by the instructions so given But if by reason of equal division of opinion among the Justices of the Supreme Court no such instruction is given the Court of Appeals may decide the question The manner of certifying questions to the Supreme Court by the Court of Appeals and the subsequent proceedings in regard to the same in the Supreme Court shall be as the Supreme Court shall by its rules prescribe until otherwise provided by law No affirmance of the judgment of the court below in cases pending in the Court of Appeals shall result from delay in disposing of questions or cases certified from the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court or as to which such certificate has been required by the Supreme Court as hereinbefore provided All writs of error in the Supreme Court or the Court of Appeals when received by its clerk during a term of the court and before the docket of the term is by order of the court closed shall be entered thereon when received at any other time shall be entered on the docket of the next termandtheyshallstandfor hearing at the term for which they are so entered under such rules as the court may prescribe until otherwise provided by law The Court of Appeals shall appoint a clerk and a sheriff of the court The reporter of the Supreme Court shall be the reporter of the Court of Appeals until otherwise provided by law The laws relating to the Supreme Court as to qualifications and salaries of judges the designation of other judges to preside when members of the court are disqualified the powers duties salaries fees and terms of officers the mode of carrying cases to the court the powers practice procedure times of sitting and costs of the court the publication of reports of cases decided therein and in all other respects except as otherwise provided in this Constitution or by the laws as to the Court of Appeals at the time of the ratification of this amendment and until otherwise provided by law shall apply to the Court of Appeals so far as they can be made to apply The decisions of the Supreme Court shall bind the Court of Appeals as precedents
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Section III
Paragraph I There shall be a judge of the superior courts for each judicial circuit whose term of office shall be four years and until his successor is qualified He may act in other circuits when authorized by law The legislature shall have authority to add one or more additional judges of the superior court for any judicial circuit in this State and shall have authority to regulate the manner in which the judges of such circuits shall dispose of the business thereof and shall fix the time at which the term or terms ofoffice of such additional judge or judges shall begin and the manner of his appointment or election and shall have authority from time to time to add to the number of such judges in any judicial circuit or to reduce the number of judges in any judicial circuit Provided that at all times there shall be at least one judge in every judicial circuit of this State
Par II The successors to the present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly of the whole State at the general election held for such members next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years
Par III The terms of the judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their election Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appoihtments of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor fot the unexpired term shall be elected
Section IV
Paragraph I The superior court shall have exclusive jurisdiction in cdses of divorce in criminal cases where the offender is subjected to loss of life or confinement in the penitentiary in cases respecting titles to land and equity cases
Par II The General Assembly may confer upon the courts of common law all the powers heretofore exercised by courts of equity in this State
Par III Said courts shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases except as hereinafter provided
Par IV They shall have appellate jurisdiction in all such cases as may be provided by law
Par V They shall have power to correct errors in inferior judicatories by writ of certiorari which shall only issue on the sanction of the judge and said courts and the judges thereof shall have power to issue writs of mandamus prohibition scire facias and all other writs that may be necessary for carrying their powers fully into effect and shall have such other powers as are or may be conferred on them by law
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Par VI The General Assembly may provide for an appeal from one jury in the superior and city courts to another and the said courts may grant new trials on legal grounds
Par VII The court shall render judgment without the verdict of a jury in all civil cases founded on unconditional contracts in writing where an issuable defense is not filed under oathor affirmation
Par VIII The superior courts shall sit in each county not less than twice in each year at such times as have been or may be appointed by law
Par IX The General Assembly may provide by law for the appointment of some proper person to preside in cases where the presiding judge is from any cause disqualified
Section V
Paragraph I In any county within which there is or hereafter may be a city court the judge of said court and of the superior court may preside in the courts of each other in cases where the judge of either court is disqualified to preside
Section VI
Paragraph I The powers of a court of ordinary and of probate shall be vested in an ordinary for each county from whose decision there may be an appeal or by consent of parties without a decision to the superior court under regulations prescribed by law
Par II The courts of ordinary shall have such powers in relation to roads bridges ferries public buildings paupers county officers county funds county taxes and other county matters as may be conferred on them by law
Par III The ordinary shall hold his office for the term of four years and until his successor is elected and qualified
Section VII
Paragraph I There shall be in each militia district one justice of the peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be four years Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and of notary public exofficio justices of the peace in any city of this State having a population of over twenty thousand and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subject matter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or to subject matter as may be provided by law whereof some other Court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together
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also with such provision as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph I of Section 9 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia
Par II Justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases arising ex contractu and in cases of injuries or damages to personal property when the principal sum does not exceed one hundred dollars and shall sit monthly at fixed times and places but in all cases there may be an appeal to a jury in said court or an appeal to the superior court under such regulations as may be prescribed by law
Par III Justices of the peace shall be elected by the legal voters in their respective districts and shall be commissioned by the Governor They shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section VIII
Paragraph I Commissioned notaries public not to exceed one for each militia district may be appointed by the judges of superior courts in their respective circuits upon recommendation of the grand juries of the several counties They shall be commissioned by the Governor for the term of four years and shall be exofficio justices of the peace and shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section IX
Paragraph I The jurisdiction powers proceedings and practice of all courts or officers invested with judicial powers except city courts of the same grade or class so far as regulated by law and the force and effect of the process judgment and decree by such courts severally shall be uniform This uniformity must be established by the General Assembly
Section X
Paragraph I There shall be an attorneygeneral of this State who shall be elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor
Par II It shall be the duty of the attorneygeneral to act as the legal adviser of the executive department to represent the State in the Supreme Court in all capital felonies and in all civil and criminal cases in any court when required by the Governor and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
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Section XI
Paragraph I There shall be a solicitorgeneral for each judicial circuit whose official term except to fill a vacnacy shall be four years To successors of present and subsequent incumbents shall lie elected by the electors of the whole State qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years
Par II It shall be the duty of the solicitorgeneral to represent the State in all cases in the superior courts of his circuit and in all cases taken up from his circuit to the Supreme Court and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XIII
Paragraph I The Justices of the Supreme Court each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 7000 per annum the Judges of the Court of Appeals each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 7000 per annum the Judges of the superior courts each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 5000 per annum the attorneygeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the solieitorsgeneral each shall have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the attorneygeneral shall not have any fee or prequisite in any case arising after the adoption of this Constitution Provided that the county of Chatham shall from its treasury pay to the Judges of the Superior Courts of the Eastern Circuit three thousand dollars per annum said payments are hereby declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county and shall be made to the judge now in office as well as his successors Provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of Fulton County or such other board or person as may from time to time exercise the administrative powers of Fulton County shall have power and authority to pay the judges of the superior court of Fulton County such sums in addition to the salaries paid by the state as said administrative authority or authorities may deem advisable and the amounts so paid are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county
Provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of the coun ties of Clark Floyd Sumter and Bibb or such other Board or persons as may from time to time exercise the administrative powers of said several counties may supplement from their respective countys treasuries the salaries of the judges of the circuits of which they are a part by such sum as may be necessary with salaries paid each of said judges from the State treasury to make a salary
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of 6000 each per annum of such judges and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said counties and such payments shall be made to the judges now in office as well as to their successors Provided further that the County of Fulton may supplant the salary of the judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit or the judges of such other circuit as may be hereafter required to regularly preside therein for additional services rendered in the Superior Court of said county such sums as will with the salary paid such judge from the State Treasury make a salary of 6000 per annum said payments are declared to be a part ofthe courtexpenses of Fulton County such payments to be made to the judge now in office as well as to his successors The provissions of this amendment shall take effect and the salaries herein provided for shall begin from the ratification of this amendment and shall apply to the incumbents in the several offices as well as their successors and provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of the county of Richmond or such other Board or persons as may from time to time exercise the administrative powers of said county shall supplement from said countys treasury the salary of the judge of the Superior Court of the circuit of which the said County of Richmond is a part by such sum as may be necessary with salaries paid such judge from the State Treasury to make a salary for said judge of 7000 per annum and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county and such payments shall be made to the judge now in office as well as to his successors The provisions of this amendment shall take effect and the salaries herein provided for shall begin from the ratification of this amendment and shall apply to the incumbents in office as well as his successors
Provided that the County of Muscogee from and after January 1 1927 shall pay from its treasury to the Superior Court judges of the circuit of which it is a part such sums as will with the salary paid each judge from the State Treasury make a salary of eight thousand dollars per annum to each judge and said payments are declared to be a part of the court expense of such county
The Act of the General Assembly of 1904 entitled An Act to regulate the salaries of Judges of the Superior Court of all Judicial Circuits of this State having or that may hereafter have therein a city with a population of not less than 54000 nor more than 75000 inhabitants and for other purposes with the Acts of the General Assembly of 1905 and 1906 amendatory thereof and also the Act of the General Assembly of 1906 entitled An Act to Regulate the Compensation of Judges of the Superior Courts for services rendered outside of their own Circuits in those Judicial Circuits of the State having therein a city of not less than 75000 inhabitants according to the Census of 1900 and for other purposes which Acts provide for the payment from the treasuries of the counties containing said cities to the judges aforesaid of a part of their salaries are ratified validated and confirmed as to the dates of said respective enactments
Par II The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above
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officers but no such change shall effect the officers then in commission Provided however that the General Assembly shall have power at any time by a majority vote of each branch to abolish the fees at present accruing tothe office of solicitorgeneral in any particular judicial circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe a salary for such office in addition to the salary prescribed in paragraph I of this section of this article and without regard to the uniformity of such salaries in the various circuits and shall have the further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any such judicial circuit where the fees are abolished
Section XIV
Paragraph I No person shall be judge of the Supreme or superior courts or attorneygeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained the age of thirty years and shall have been a citizen of the State three years and have practiced law for seven years and no person shall be hereafter elected solicitorgeneral unless at the time of his election he ball have attained twentyfive years of age shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and shall have practiced law for three years next preceding his election
Section XV
Paragraph I No total divorce shall be granted except on the concurrent verdicts of two juries at different terms of the court
Par II When a divorce is granted the jury rendering the final verdict shall determine the rights and disabilities of the parties
Section XVI
Paragraph I Divorce cases shall be brought in the county where the defendant resides if a resident of this State if the defendant be not a resident of this State then in the county in which the plantiff resides
Par II Cases respecting titles to land shall be tried in the county where the land lies except where a single tract is divided by a county line m which case the superior court in either county shall have jurisdiction
Par III Equity cases shall be tried in the county where a defendant resides against whom substantial relief is prayed
Par IV Suits against joint obligors joint promissors copartners or joint trespassers1 residing in different counties may be tried in either county
Par V Suits against the maker and indorser of promissory notes or drawer acceptor and endorser of foreign or inland bills of exchange or lik
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instruments residing in different counties shall be brought in the county where the maker or acceptor resides
Par VI All other civil cases shall be tried in the county where the defendant resides and all criminal cases shall be tried in the county where the crime was committed except cases in the superior courts where the judge is satisfied that an impartial jury cannot be obtained in such county
Section XVII
Paragraph I The power to change the venue in civil and criminal cases shall be vested in the superior courts to be exercised in such manner as has been or shall be provided by law
Section XVIII
Paragraph I The right of trial by jury except where it is otherwise provided in this Constitution shall remain inviolate but the General Assembly may prescribe any number not less than five to constitute a trial or traverse jury in courts other than the superior and city courts
Par II The General Assembly shall provide by law for the selection of the most experienced intelligent and upright men to serve as grand jurors and intelligent and upright men to serve as traverse jurors Nevertheless the grand jurors shall be competent to serve as traverse jurors
Par III It shall be the duty of the General Assembly by general laws to prescribe the manner of fixing compensations of jurors in all counties in this State
Section XIX
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have power to provide for the creation of county commissioners in such counties as may require them and to define their duties
Section XX
Paragraph I All courts not specially mentioned by name in the first section of this article may be abolished in any county at the discretion of the General Assembly
Section XXI
Paragraph I The costs in the Supreme Court shall not exceed ten dollars until otherwise provided by law Plaintiffs in error shall not be required to pay costs in said court when the usual pauper oath is filed in the court below
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ARTICLE VII
Finance Taxation and Public Debt
Section I
Paragraph I The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only
For the support of the State government and the public institutions
For educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only
To pay the interest on the public debt
To pay the principal of the public debt
To suppress insurrection to repel invasion and defend the State in time of war
To supply the soldiers who lost a limb or limbs in the military service of the Confederate States with substantial artificial limbs during life and make suitable provisions for such Confederate soldiers as may have been otherwise disabled or permanently injured in such service or who may by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty be unable to provide a living for themselves and for the widows of such Confederate soldiers as may have died in the service of the Confederate States or since from wounds received therein or disease contracted in the service or who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and povenrty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselvesProvided that the Act shall only apply to such widows as were married at the time of such service and have remained unmarried since the death of such soldier husband
To make provisions for the payment of pensions to any exConfederate soldier residing in this State January 1 1920 who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States during the Civil War between the States of the United States and who performed actual military services in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State and was honorably discharged therefrom and to widows now residents of this State of exConfederate soldiers who enisted in the militry service of the Confederate States and who performed actual service in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized mjlitia of this State who died in said military service or were honorably discharged therefrom who were married prior to January 1 1881 No widow of a soldier killed during the war shall be deprived of her pension by reason of having subsequently married another veteran who is dead unless she is receiving a pension on account of being the widow of such second husband Any soldier doing service in the Confederate army whether he belonged to the Confederate army or whether he belonged to the militia of any Confederate State and served with the Confederate army shall be eligible to draw a pension
To construct and maintain a system of State highways
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Par II The levy of taxes on property for any one year by the General Assembly for all purposes except to provide for repelling invasion suppresing insurrection or defending the State in time of war shall not exceed five mills on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in the State
Section II
Paragraph I All taxation shall be uniform upon the same class of subjects and ad valorem on all property subject to be taxed within the territorial limits of the authority levying the tax and shall be levied and collected under general laws The General Assembly may however impose a tax upon such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive of other property
Par II The General Assembly may by law exempt from taxation all public property places of religious worship or burial all institutions of purely public charity all buildings erected for and used as a college incorporated academy or other seminary of learning and also all funds or property held or used as endowment by such colleges incorporated academies or seminaries of learning provided the same is not invested in real estate and provided further that said exemption shall only apply to such colleges incorporated academies or other seminaries of learning as are open to the general public provided further that all endowments to institutions established for white people shall be limited to white people and all endowments to institutions established for colored people shall be limited to colored people the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other literary association used by or connected with such library all books and philosophical apparatus and all paintings and statuary of any company or association kept in a public hall and not held as merchandise or for purposes of sale or gain provided the property so exempted be not used for purposes of private or corporate profit or income The General Assembly shall further have power to exempt from taxation farm products including baled cotton grown in this State and remaining in the hands of the producers but not longer than for the year next after their production
Paragraph II A Any person natural or artificial a resident of this Statewho may after January 1st 1924 build equip establish or enlarge a plant for the manufacture or processing of cotton wool linen silk rubber clay wood metal metallic or nonmetallic mineral or combination if same creamery or cheese plant or for the production or development of electricity may as to such building enlargement or equipment be exempt from all county incorporated town or city ad valorem taxes for a period of time not exceedingfive 5 years from the date of the beginning of the building enlargement or equipment of such plants The legislature is herewith empowered to make provisions for the operation of this paragraph by appropriate legislation provided such exemptions shall be approved by a majority of the electors voting in such county incorporated town or city proposing said exemption
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Par III No polltax shall be levied except for educational purposes and such tax shall not exceed one dollar annually upon each poll
Par IV All laws exempting property from taxation other than the property herein enumerated shall be void
Par V The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall not be surrendered or suspended by any contract or grant to which the State shall be a party
Par VI All persons or classes of persons who were by laws of force January 1st 1911 required to make returns for taxation to the comptrollergeneral and all who may hereafter be so required shall on or before the first day of March of each year make such returns as of date of January 1st of that year and shall pay the taxes arising on such returns in favor of the State on or before the first of September of the same year anything heretofore contained in the Constitution or laws of Georgia to the contrary notwithstanding The laws of force on said date governing such returns and payments and the collection and enforcement thereof shall remain of force as applicable to the returns and payments herein required until the same shall be changed by law The GeneralAssembly shall have power to make or alter all laws that may be necessary or proper for enforcing the provisions of this paragraph
Section III
No debt shall be contracted by or on behalf of the State except to supply such temporary deficit as may exist ili the treasury in any year from necessary delay in collecting the taxes of that year to repel invasion suppress insurrection and defend the State in time of war or to pay the existing public debt but the debt created to supply deficiencies in revenue shall not exceed in the aggregate five hundred thousand dollars and any loan made for this purpose shall be repaid out of the taxes levied for the year in which the loan was made However said debt may be increased in th sum of 3500000 for the payment of the publicschool teachers of the State only The principal amount borrowed for payment of teachers to be repaid each year out of the common school appropriation and the interest paid thereon to be paid each year out of the general funds of the State
Section IV
Paragraph I All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by or on behalf of the State shall specify the purposes for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purpose specified and for no other
Section V
Paragraph I The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual company corporation or association and the State shall not become a joint owner or stockholder in any company association or corporation
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Section VI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not authorize any county municipal corporation or political division of this State to become a stockholder in any company corporation or association or to appropriate money for or to loan its credit to any corporation company association institution or individual except for purely charitable purposes This restriction shall not operate to prevent the support of schools by minicipal corporations within their respective limits Provided that if any municipal corporation shall offer to the State any property for locating or building a capitol and the State accepts such offer the corporation may comply with such offer
Par II The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose except for educational purposes to build and repair the public buildings and bridges to maintain and support prisoners to pay jurors and coroners and for litigation quarantine roads and expenses of courts to support paupers and pay debts heretofore existing to pay the county police and to provide for necessary sanitation and for the collection and preservation of records of birth death disease and health Futhermore in any county in this State which has wholly or partly within its boundaries a city of not less than 200000 population the county authorities thereof are hereby authorized to levy a tax not exceeding 1 mill for educational purposes on all the taxable property throughout the entire county including territory embraced in independent school systems the same to be appropriated to the use of the county board of education and to educational work directed by them
Section VII
Paragraph I The debt hereafter incurred by any county minicipal corporation or political division of this State except as in this Constitution provided for shall not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein and no such county municipality or division shall incur any new debt except for a temporary loan or loans to supply casual deficiencies of revenue not exceeding onefifth of one per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property thereinwithout the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters thereof voting at an election for that purpose to be held as prescribed by law provided said twothirds so voting shall be a majority of the registered voters and provided further that all laws charter provisions and ordinances heretofore passed or enacted providing special registration of the voters of counties municipal corporations and other political divisions of this State to pass upon the issuance of bonds by such counties municipal corporations and other political divisions are hereby declared to be null and void and the General Assembly shall hereafter have no power to pass or enact any law providing for such special registration but the validity of any and all bond issues by such counties municipal corporations or other political divisions made prior to January 1st 1918 shall
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not be affected hereby but any city the debt of which does not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property at the time of the adoption of this Constitution may be authorized by law to increase at any time the amount of said debt three per centum upon such assessed valuation except that the City Council of Augusta from time to time as necessary for the purpose of protection against floods may incur a bonded indebtedness upon its power producing canal and municipal water works in addition to the debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to an amount in the aggregate not exceeding fifty per centum of the combined value of such properties the valuation of such properties to be fixed as may be prescribed by law but said valuation not to exceed a figure five per cent on which shall represent the net revenue per annum produced by the two such properties together at the time of said valuation and such indebted ness not to be incurred except with the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters of such city at an election or elections for that purpose to be held as may be now or may be hereafter prescribed by law for the incurring of new debts by the said City Council of Augusta
Except that the city of West Point from time to time as may be necessary for the purpose of protection against floods may incur a bonded indebtedness in addition to and separate from the amount of debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to an amount in the aggregate not exceeding the sum of seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars and such indebtedness not to be incurred except with the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters of such city at an election or elections to be held as may now or may be hereafter prescribed by law for the incurring of new debts by said city of West Point Provided any municipality having a population of 150000 or more can issue and sell street improvement bonds without the said assent of twothirds of the qualified voters at an election called thereon but upon a twothirds vote of the members of its governing body with these limitations First the term of such bonds shall in no case exceed ten years Second the amount of each issue shall be limited to the amount assessed by such municipality upon each improvement Third these bonds shall be issued only for the grading and paving or repaving of streets or portion of streets Fourth the interest thereon shall not exceed six per centum per annum Fifth these bonds can be issued without regard to the amount of other outoutstanding debts or bonds of said municipality Sixth these bonds not to be issued exceptin case such pavement or repavement has been petitioned for in writing by the owners of more than fifty per Cent of the property abutting on the street or portion of street paved or repaved and except that the Mayor and Alderman of the City of Savannah for the purpose of acquiring and or improving a site or sites on Savannah River in Chatham County for publiclyowned operated and managed terminals and for the purpose of creating ways of ingress thereto and egress therefrom may incur a bonded indebtedness in addition to the debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to an amount in the aggregate not exceeding three
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million dollars 300000000 The Mayor and Alderman of the City of Savannah shall be empowered to take charge of and administer municipally owned terminals of the port of Savannah and is hereby authorized to create construct and operate new terminal storage handling and terminal transportation facilities at the port of Savannah and to that end shall have the right to condemn in accordance with the law or otherwise acquire any property necessary for said purposes and may incur a bonded indebtedness m addition to the debt hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to pay for same by issuing mortgage or mortgages and or bond or bonds against the real estate and improvements thereon and against such facilities such mortgage or mortgages and or bonds and all interest thereon are to be paid out of the net receipts of said terminal storage handling and transportation facilities after the payment of maintenance and operating expenses The authority granted hereby shall be a continuing authority and the first creation or establishment of terminal storage handling and transportation facilities shall not exhaust the power of said Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Savannah Bonds issued under this authorization shall be paid by preference out of the net receipts of the terminal storage handling or transportation facilities acquired and or created therewith after the payment of maintenance and operating expenses and so far as such net receipts may be insufficient then out of the entire receipts and revenues of the said municipallyowned operated and administered port of Savannah after payment of maintenance and operating expenses and prior bonded obligationsProvided that each issue of bonds under said authority shall be subordinate to previous issues thereunder The Mayor and Alderman of the City of Savannah shall have power to regulate the commerce and traffic of the harbor of Savannah in such manner as may in its judgement be best for its maintenance and development And the foregoing amendments to the Constitution shall be selfexecuting and operative and the Mayor and Alderman of the City of Savannah may by ordinance or otherwise carry thesame into effect The General Assembly may confer further and additional authority upon the Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Savannah touching the disposition and control of said terminals and harbors not inconsistent herewith
Arid except that the City of Brunswick in addition to the indebtedness which it may incur under the preceding provisions of this paragraph is hereby authorized to incur from time to time an indebtedness up to but not exceeding seven percentum of the assessed value of all taxable property therein making a maximum indebtedness which said city may incur of fourteen percentum of such assessed values when authorized by the assent of twothirds of the qulaified voters of such city as above provided for obtaining such authority provided that such additional indebtedness can only be used for acquiring constructing improving and operating municipal port terminal facilities in said city including lands waterways wharves warehouses water crafts used in connection therewih and all other proper equipment and appurtenances but not limiting by the
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foregoing the generality of the wordsmunicipal port terminal facilities The General Assembly may at any time authorize said city to donate any port terminal facilities owned by it to the State of Georgia with or without conditions
And except that the County of Crisp may incur a bonded indebtedness in addition to debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to the amount in the aggregate not to exceed the sum of one million two hundred and fifty thousand dollars and at a rate of interest not to exceed five per centum per annum which said bonds shall run for a period or periods of time not to exceed thirty years and may be issued from time to time and in such denominations as may be determined by the county authorities of said county to be signed by the Chairman and the Clerk of the Board of Commissioners of Roads and Revenues of said county and shall be known and designated as HydroElectric Power Bonds and which said bonds shall be sold and the proceeds thereof used and handled by the Power Commission hereinafter provided for The proceeds of all bonds issued and sold under this authority shall be used for the purpose of acquiring water power sites and locations on the Flint River within and or without Crisp County including the necessary overflow lands and for the purpose of acquiring rightsofway for power transmission lines and for the purpose of improving building constructing equipping maintaining leasing or operating the necessary power dams ponds plants machinery transmission lines and distribution stations including all necessary machinery and apparatus for the manufacture generation transmission sale and distribution of water power and electric current The right of eminent domain is conferred upon said County of Crisp for the purpose of acquiring such sites locations overflow lands and rightsofway necessary for the proper exercise of the rights conferred by this amendment Said County of Crisp is fully authorized hereby to engage in the manufacture generation and sale of water power and electric current for purposes of promoting the agricultural industrial and civic interests of said County and for any and all other purposes and to make all necessary contracts relating to the sale and disposition thereof including the right to fix the rate or rates to be charged for all water power and electric current used for lighting heating power and other purposes in said county The bonds issued pursuant to this authority shall be a first lien upon all properties acquired and all improvements made and all plants and lines and stations constructed and machinery and apparatus purchased with proceeds thereof and in the event of the sale of all or any portion of said properties the proceeds thereof shall be used for the purpose of payment of said bonded indebtedness The bonds issued pursuant to this authority and the interest thereon shall be paid by preference out of the net receipts of the water power and electric current used sold or disposed of manufactured and generated under this authority after the payment of maintenance and operating expenses and the Power Commission hereinafter provided for shall provide a sinking fund for the retirement of the principal of said bonds out of said net receipts when
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ever the amount of said net receipts becomes sufficient therefor after payment of the interest on said bonds and any excess of said net receipts after providing for interest and sinking fund charges may be used for the purpose of additions enlargments and betterments or for the purpose of acquiring constructing and equipping other water power sites and locations and plants or be paid into the county depository for general county purposes All bonds issued pursuant to this amendment shall be and are declared to be nontaxable for any and all purposes Any dam constructed pursuant to the authority hereof shall be equipped with passageways for the passage of fish over the same Said passageways to be approved by the Department of Game and Fish
Provided however that anydam built pursuant to the authority aforesaid shall be located on the Flint River between Drayton Bridge on the north and the confluence of Chokee Creek with said river on the south Provided further that in event of sale by Crisp County or any of its assigns or successors of all or any part of the properties acquired built or improved pursuant to the foregoing authority to any person or corporation controlled by private capital such property so sold shall become subject to taxation under existing laws Said County of Crisp is authorized and empowered to issue bonds pursuant to this amendment in the event this amendment be ratified and becomes a part of the Constitution and in the event a majority of the electors of Crisp County voting at the election at which this amendment is submitted for ratification or at any subsequent special bond election called for that purpose in which special election the ballot of those voting in favor of bonds shall bear the words For HydroElectric Power Bonds and the ballot of those voting against bonds shall bear the words Against HydroElectric Power Bonds vote in favor thereof The ordinary of said county is directed to consolidate the vote and to declare the result of all elections therefor and if the result of any such election is favorable to the issuance of such bonds the same shall be validated in the manner now provided by law The sale of the bonds provided for above and all the rights powers and duties incident to the use investment and expenditure of the proceeds thereof including the sites locations and rightsofway and the building constructing equipping operating maintaining and managing of the sites locations rightsofway plants lines stations dams and ponds and all properties of all and every kind acquired built and constructed pursuant to the foregoing authority shall be and is hereby vested in a Power Commission of seven to consist of the members of the Board of Commissioner of Roads and Revenues of said county as constituted from time to time and four other citizens of Crisp County who shall be elected by the Grand Jury of said county two of those first elected to be for a term of one year and the other two for a term of two years and the terms of all commissioners so elected thereafter shall be for a period of two years and the Grand Jury of said county shall fix the compensation of all Power Commissioners to be paid out of the proceeds from the operations of said power plant or out of the general fund of said county and said commission is authorized and em
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powered to employ such agents servants and employees and to make and enter into such contracts as are reasonable and proper in the exercise of the duties and powers herein conferred upon said commission The taxing authorities of said County of Crisp are hereby empowered and it shall be their duty to provide by taxation for the payment of the principal and interest on any bonds issued hereunder in the event the net profits derived from the use sale and disposition of water power and electric current hereunder shall prove insufficient therefor The General Assembly may confer further and additional authority upon the County of Crisp touching the construction maintenance control and disposition of the HydroElectric power plant and properties herein provided for not inconsistent herewith
Provided the County of Chatham in this State can issue and sell from time to time bonds for the preparation for the paving and for the paving of Victory Drive the Road to Tybee a public road of said County from the end of the present asphalt paving thereon at Thunderbolt or Warsaw to the beginning of the present asphalt paving at Tybee with concrete and or asphalt and or other suitable material without the said assent of two thirds of the qualified voters at an election called therefor but upon a three fifths vote of the Commissioners of Chatham County and Exofficio Judges with these limitations First the bonds shall be serial bonds to be retired annually within a term of not to exceed ten years bearing a rate of interest of not to exceed five per cent per annum but otherwise in form fixed by said Commissioners second the amount of such issue shall not exceed the contract price bid for such preparation for and or paving by the lowest responsible bidder upon competitive proposals after previous advertisement once a week for four weeks inviting such proposals provided nevertheless said Commissioner may use convict labor to prepare and or pave said road in whole or in part together with or part from any contract therefor third the principal and interest of said bonds shall be first paid by reasonable tolls which are hereby authorized to be imposed and collected by said Commissioners for the use of said road and its bridges and only the deficiency if any of such tolls to meet such payments and the cost of maintaining said road and its bridges shall be paid out of other funds of said County during the term of said bonds fourth such indebtedness when incurred shall not be considered in determining the power of said County to incur any other bonded indebtedness
And except that the County of Lowndes or the City of Valdosta or both may incur a bonded indebtedness in addition to the debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred in an amount in the aggregate not exceeding one million 100000000 for the purpose of aiding in establishing maintaining or endowing an educational institution of collge rank located or to be located within said county whether same be owned or controlled by the State or County or City or not owned or controlled by the State or County or City and as a memorial to Woodrow Wilson provided said educational institution be nonsectarian and nondenominational and provided that such indebtedness shall not be
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incurred except with the assent of a majority of the qualified voters of said county or said city as the case may be and the assent of two thirds 23 of the qualified voters of said county or of said city as the same may be actually voting at an election or elections for the purpose to be held as may now or may hereafter be prescribed by law for the purpose of incurring new debts by any county or municipality within this State In the event this amendment be ratified and becomes a part of the Constitution and in the the event the bonds provided for are authorized validated and sold as provided by law by said County of Lowndes or the City of Valdosta or both the County Commissioners of Roads and Revenues of said County or the Mayor and Council of said City of Valdosta as the case may be may pay over the proceeds of the sale of said bonds to the Board of Trustees of such educational institution
Except that the County of McIntosh may incur a bonded indebtedness in addition to the debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred in an amount in the aggregate not to exceed fourteen 14 per centum of the taxable value of said county as shown by the taxdigest for educational purposes and also for the purpose of paying off any indebtedness that now exist or may hereafter exist against the Board of Education of McIntosh County provided that such bonded indebtedness shall not be incurred except with the assent of a majority of the qualified voters of said county and the assent of two thirds of the qualified voters of said county actually voting at an election or elections for that purpose to be held as may now or may hereafter be prescribed by law for the purpose of incurring new debts by any county or municipality within this State In the event this amendment be ratified and become a part of the Constitution and in the event the bonds provided for are authorized validated and sold as provided by law by the said County of McIntosh the County Commissioners of McIntosh County shall pay over the proceeds of the sale of said bonds to the Board of Education of McIntosh County for the purpose herein named
Par I D The Coastal Highway District is hereby created as a political subdivision body politic and corporate of this State for the purpose of aiding in the construction and completion of the Public Highway known as the Dixie and South Atlantic Coastal Highway extending from the Savannah River to the Florida line with the right to sue and be sued to have a seal make contracts and to do all things necessary or proper to carry out the purpose of this Amendment The said district shall be composed of the territory of the Counties of Chatham Bryan Liberty McIntosh Glynn and Camden Counties The said Coastal Highway District shall have authority to issue bonds not exceeding 90000000 for the purpose aforesaid the bonded indebtedness of said district shall be incurred and the expenditures of funds derived therefrom as well as all other matters and transactions necessary to carry out the purposes of the Constitutional Amendment shall be managed controlled and directed by ten commissioners to be selected four from Chatham two from Glynn and one each from Bryan Liberty
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McIntosh and Camden Counties The said commissioners shall be selected and vacancies filled by the officers in charge of levying taxes in said counties respectively and shall hold office for a period of five years and until their sue cessors are selected and qualified The bonds when issued shall be signed and sealed by said commissioners and shall be a lien upon the entire property of all of the counties composing said district and a first lien to the extent of the annual retirements and interest payments thereon upon any sums payable annually hereafter by the State of Georgia to the said couifties respectively from amounts collected from gasoline and oil taxes until all bonds of said district are retired At or before the issuance of said bonds the commissioners of said district shall assess the counties composing said district an amount sufficient to pay and retire the bonds as they come due and pay the interest on the same The bonds principal and interest shall be retired within 30 years from the date of issuance The assessment against each county shall be in proportion to the taxable value of the real and personal property including public utilities returned for taxation as finally adopted by the Comptroller General and the proper authorities of each county shall at or before the issuance of said bonds provide for the levying assessment and collection annually of a sum sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of such countys part of said indebtedness as the same becomes due and the complete retirement of the indebtedness within thirty years from the date of incurring said indebtedness Any excess of such taxes collected by any county over and above the amount necessary to that countys liability for that year after first using the amounts derived from gasoline and oil taxes as hereinbefore provided shall be retained and the tax levied for the succeding year shall be that much less The bonded indebtedness here provided for shall be incurred only after it has been submitted to the qualified voters of said district at an election to be called by the said District Commissioners and held in the same manner as elections for the incurring of a bonded indebtedness by counties municipalities and divisions In determining the result of the election the vote of the entire district shall be consolidated and counted as a unit each county shall pay the expenses of the election in that county The vote shall be consolidated and the result of the election declared by the District Commissioners herein provided for The Superior Court of any county in said district shall have jurisdiction to validate the said bonds in conformity with the law providing for the valuation of county municipality and division bonds and the certification by the clerk of the Superior Court taking jurisdiction of such validation alone shall be sufficient certification The proceedings for the validation may be instituted by the Solicitor General of any Judicial Circuit within which any of said counties lie but the proceedings shall be served upon the authorities managing the fiscal affairs of each of said counties and they shall make answer thereto Such indebtedness when incurred shall not be considered in determining the power of any of the counties composing said district or any other county or municipal corporation or political subdivision of said State to incur any other bonded indebtedness
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Par II Any county municipal corporation or political division of this State which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this Constitution shall at or before the time of so doing provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebtedness
Section VIII
Paragraph I The State shall not assume the debt nor any part thereof of any county municipal corporation or political division of the State unless such debt shall be contracted o enable the State to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of war
Section IX
Paragraph I The receiving directly or indirectly by any officer of the State or county or member or officer of the General Asseembly of any interests profits or prequisites arising from the use or loan of public funds in his hands or moneys to be raised through his agency for State or county purposes shall be deemed a felony and punishable as may be prescribed by law a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office
Section X
Paragraph I Municipal corporations shall not incur any debt until provision therefor shall have been made by the municipal government
Par II Reserving to the municipal corporations the benefit of all provisions of the Constitution of force in this State the General Assembly is hereby empowered to authorize any municipal corporation within this State having a population of one hundred and fifty thousand or more according to the census of the United States government taken next preceding the approval of any act passed in pursuance hereof to incur a bonded debt or debts for the public purposes of such municipality the said debt or debts to be incurred for such sums nd to be secured after such manner and to be paid principal and interest at such times and such places and by such means and upon such terms as the General Assembly may prescribe
Providing however that no act conferring the powers aforesaid or any of them shall become operative until the same shall have been affirmed at a general election held for the election of mayor and general council in such municipality by twothirds of the qualified voters thereof who may vote at such election Such twothirds to constitute at least a majority of the qualified voters of said municipality
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Section XI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money directly or indirectly to pay the whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds or other obligations which have been pronounced illegal null and void by the General Assembly and the constitutional amendments ratified by a vote of the people on the first day of May 1877 nor shall the General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created by the State under laws passed during the late war between the States nor any of the bonds notes or obligations made and entered into during the existence of said war the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the United States and the Confederate States nor shall the General Assembly pass any law or the Governor or other State official enter into any contract or agreement whereby the State shall be made a party to any suit in any court of this State or of the United States instituted to test the validity of any such bonds or obligations
Section XII
Paragraph I The bonded debt of the State shall never be increased except to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend the State in time of war
Section XIII
Paragraph I The proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Macon and Brunswick or other railroads held by the State and any other property owned by the State whenever the General Assembly may authorize the sale of the whole or any part thereof shall be applied to the payment of the bonded debt of the State and shall not be used for any other purpose whatever so long as the State has any existing bonded debt Provided that the proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which said railroad has been mortgaged in preference to all other bonds
Section XIV
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each year in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses and interest on the public debt the sum of one hundred thousand dollars which shall be held as a sinking fund to pay off and retire the bonds of the State which have not yet matured and shall be applied to no other purpose whatever If the bonds cannot at any time be purchased at or below par then the sinkng fund herein provided for may be loaned by the Governor and treasurer of the State Provided the security which shall be demanded for said loan shall consist only of the valid bonds of the State but this section shall not
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take effect until the eight per cent currency bonds issued under the Act of February the 19th 1873 shall have been paid
Section XV
Paragraph I The comptrollergeneral and treasurer shall each make to the Governor a quarterly report of the financial condition of the State which report shall include a statement of the assets liabilities and income of the State and expenditures therefor for the three months preceding and it shall be the duty of the Governor to carefully examine the same by himself or through competent persons connected with his department and cause an abstract thereof to be published for the information of the people which abstract shall be indorsed by him as having been examined
Section XVI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not by vote resolution or order grant any donation or gratuity in favor of any person corporation or association
Par II The General Assembly shall not grant or authorize extra compensation to any public officer agent or contractor after the service has been rendered or the contract entered into
Section XVII
Paragraph I The office of the State printer shall cease with the expiration of the term of the present incumbent and the General Assembly shall provide by law for letting the public printing to the lowest responsible bidder or bidders who shall give adequate and satisfactory security for the faithful performance thereof No member of the General Assembly or other public officer shall be interested either directly or indirectly in any such contract
ARTICLE VIII
Education
Section I
Paragraph I There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of the children as nearly uniform as practicable the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation or otherwise The schools shall be free to all children of the State but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races
Section II
Paragraph I There shall be a State school commissioner elected by the people at the same time and manner as the Governor and Statehouse offi
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cers are elected whose term of office shall be two years and until his successor is elected and qualified His office shall be at the seat of government and he shall be paid a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum The General Assembly may substitute for the State school commissioner such officer or officers as may be deemed necessary to perfect the system of public education
Section III
Paragraph I The poll tax any educational fund now belonging to the State except the endowment of and debt due to the University of Georgia a special tax on shows and exhibitions and on the sale of spirituous and malt liquors which the General Assembly is hereby authorized to assess and the proceeds of any commutation tax for military service and all taxes that may be assessed on such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive to other property are hereby set apart and devoted for the support of cqmmon schools
Section IV
Paragraph I Authority is granted to counties and to municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation The proper county authorities whose duty it is to levy taxes for county purposes in this State shall on the recommemdation of the board of education assess and collect taxes for the support of the public schools under its control not less than one nor more than five mills on the dollar of all taxable property of the county outside of independent local systems which shall be distributed equitably according to the school population tax values the number of teachers and their grade of license among the public schools therein An additional levy to that already allowed not to exceed five mills shall be permissible in independent local systems municipalities or school districts on a twothirds vote of those voting No additional election shall be required to maintain any local school tax now in existence in districts counties or municipalities provided this paragraph shall not apply to counties having a local school system of taxation adopted prior to the Constitution of 1877
Section V
Paragraph I Existing local school systems shall not be affected by this Constitution Nothing contained in first section of this article shall be construed to deprive schools in this State not common schools from participation in the educational fund of the State as to all pupils therein taught in the elementary branches of an English education
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Section VI
Paragraph I The trustees of the University of Georgia may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of said University In addition to the payment of the annual interest on the debt due by the State to the University the General Assembly shall from time to time make such appropriations to the University and high schools as the condition of the treasury authorise
ARTICLE IX
Homestead and Exemption
Section I
Paragraph I There shall be exempt from levy and sale by virtue of any process whatever under the laws of this State except as hereinafter excepted of the property of every head of a family or guardian or trustee of a family of minor children or every aged or infirm person or person having the care and support of dependent females of any age who is not the head of a family realty or personalty or both to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars
Section II
Paragraph I No court or ministerial officer in this State shall ever have jurisdiction or authority to enforce any judgment execution or decree against the property set apart for such purpose including such improvements as may be made thereon from time to time except for taxes for the purchasemoney of the same for labor done thereon for material furnished therefor or for removal of incumbrances thereon
Section III
Paragraph I The debtor shall have power to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in this Article except as to wearing apparel and not exceeding three hundred dollars worth of household and kitchen furniture and provisions to be selected by himself and his wife if any and he shall not after it is set apart alienate or encumber the property so exempted but it may be sold by the debtor and his wife if any jointly with the sanction of the judge of the superior court of the county where the debtor resides or the land is situated the proceeds to be reinvested upon the same uses
Section IV
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall provide by law as early as practicable for the setting apart and valuation of said property But noth
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ing in this Article shall be construed to affect or repeal the existing laws for exemption of property from sale contained in the present Code of this State in paragraph 2040 to 2049 inclusive and the Acts amendatory thereto It may be optional with the applicant to take either but not both of such exemptions
Section V
Paragraph I The debtor shall have authority to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in section four except as it is excepted in section three of this article
Section VI
Paragraph I The applicant shall at any time have the right to supplement his exemption by adding to an amount already set apart which is less than the whole amount of exemption herein allowed a sufficiency to make his exemption equal to the whole amount
Section VII
Paragraph I Homestead and exemptions of personal property which have been heretofore set apart by virtue of the provisions of the existing Constitution of this State and in accordance with the laws for the enforcement thereof or which may be hereafter so set apart at any time shall be and remain valid as against all debts and liabilities existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution to the same extent that they would have been had said existing Constitution not been revised
Section VIII
Paragraph I Rights which have become vested under previously existing laws shall not be affected by anything herein contained In all cases in which homesteads have been set apart under the Constitution of 1868 and the laws made in pursuance thereof and a bona f ide sale of such property has been subsequently made and the full purchaseprice thereof has been paid all right of exemption in such property by reason of its having been so set apart shall cease in so far as it affects the right of the purchaser In all such cases where a part only of the purchaseprice has been paid such transactions shall be governed by the laws now of force in this State in so far as they affect the rights of the purchaser as though said property had not been set apart
Section IX
Paragraph I Parties who have taken a homestead of realty under the Constitution of eighteen hundred and sixtyeight shall have the right to sell said homestead and reinvest the same by order of the judge of the superior courts of this State
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ARTICLE X
Militia
Secton I
Paragraph I A well regulated militia being essential to the peace and securiy of the State the General Assemby shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this State shall be organized officered trained armed and equipped and of whom it shall consist
Par II The General Assembly shall have power to authorize the formation of volunteer companies and to provide for their organization into battalions regiments brigades divisions and corps with such restrictions as may be prescribed by law and shall have authority to arm and equip the same
Par III The officers and men of the militia and volunteer forces shall not be entitled to receive any pay rations or emoluments when not in active service by authority of the State
ARTICLE XI
Counties ant County Officers
Section I
Paragraph I Each county shall be a body corporate with such powers anj limitations as may be prescribed by law All suits by or against a county shall be in the name thereof and the metes and bounds of the several counties shall remain as now prescribed by law unless changed as hereinafter provided
Paragraph II There shall not be more than one hundred and fortyfive counties in this State Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the counties of Irwin and Wilcox bounded as follows Beginning at the point where the south line of land lot No 167 in the third district of Wilcox County crosses the Alapaha river and running due east along the south line to the northeast corner of land lot No 159 in the third district of Irwin county thence north to the northeast corner of land lot No 172 in third district of Wilcox county thence east to the northeast corner of land lot No 174 in the third district of Irwin county thence south to the northeast corner of land lot No 157 in the third district of Irwin county and thence east to the northeast corner of land lot No 156 in the third district of Irwin county and thence south to the northeast corner of land lot No 66 in the third district of Irwin county thence east to the northeast corner of land lot No 62 in the third district of Irwin county and thence south to the northeast corner of land lot No 32 in the third district of Irwin county thence east to
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the southeast corner of land lot No 233 in the fourth district of Irwin county and thence north to the southwest corner of land lot No 206 in the fourth district of Irwin county and thence east to the southeast corner of land lot No 39 in the fourth district of Irwin county and thence north along the east line of land lot No 39 to the Ocmulgee river and thence in a westerly direction along the Ocmulgee river to the point where House creek in Wilcox county empties into the Ocmulgee river and thence in a westerly direction along the said House creek to the point where the said House creek crosses the north line of land lot No 236 m the third district of Wilcox county and thence west along the north line of said land lot No 255 and the district lines between the first and third districts in the said county of Wilcox to the Alapaha river and thence in a southerly direction along the said Alaphaha river to the starting point That Fitzgerald shall be the county site of said county Said county shall be attached to the Third Congressional District and to the Oconee judicial circuit until another circuit shall be established embracing the present county of Irwin in which case it shall belong to said new circuit and shall be attached to the fifteenth State senatorial district That all legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Ben Hill entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1907 elect an ordinary a clerk of the superior court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor and a county treasurer and three commissioners of roads and revenues for said county said election to be held at Fitzgerald the county site of said county That the superior courts of said county shall be held on the first Mondays in April and October of each year The limits of the said county the Congressional and Senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is attached the time of holding the terms of the superior courts shall be as designated above until changed by law
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from the territory now comprising Pulaski County to be made up and composed of all that part of the territory of Pulaski County lying north and east of a line extending northwest and southeast across said county said line beginning at the point on the boundary line of Pulaski and Dodge Counties where land lots Nos 123 and 148 in the 20th land district of Pulaski County meet and thence extending from said point in a northwesterly direction along the line dividing said lots 123 and 148 thence continuing in a northwesterly direction along the dividing lines of the following land lots Nos 122 and 149 121 and 150 in the 20th land district and Nos 300 and 301 299 and 302 298 and303 297 and 304 296 and 305295 and 306 294 and 307 293 and 308 292 and 309 291 and 310 290 and 311 289 and 312 288 and 313 287 and 314 286 and 315 in the 21st land district and Nos 354 and 361 and between lots 360 and 355 and between 359 and 356 between 358 and 357 in the 24th land district to the Ocmulgee river and to the line of Houston County
That the said new county shall be known as the County of Bleckley and the City of Cochran shall be the county site of the same
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That the said County of Bleckley shall be attached to the same Congressional District and to the same Judeicial Circuit and to the same State Senatorial District as those to which the County of Pulaski is attached at the date of the ratification of this amendment That all legal voters residing in the limits of the county of Bleckley entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in January following the ratification of this proposed amendment elect an Ordinary a Clerk of the Superior Court a Sheriff a Coroner a Tax Collector a Tax Receiver a County Surveyor and a County Treasurer and one Commissioner of Roads and Revenues for said new county and said election shall be held at Cochran
That the Superior Courts of said Bleckley County shall be held on the second Monday in January and the first Monday in July of each year
That the Congressional and Senatorial Districts the Judicial Circuit to which said county is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Court and the limits of the county shall be as designated above until changed by law
Provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in Section 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to said County of Bleckley whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the county of Montgomery and bounded as follows i Commencing at a point on the western bank of the Oconee river where the Laurens county line intersects with said river thence down the western bank of the said river to the mouth of the said river thence up the northern bank of the Ocmulgee river to the mouth of Little Ocmulgee river thence up the said Little Ocmulgee river to the line of Dodge county thence east along said line of Dodge county and Laurens county to the western bank of the Oconee river to the starting point That said new county the boundaries of which are described herein shall be called and known by the name of Wheeler and shall be attached to and become a part of the Twelfth Congressional district the Fifteenth State Senatorial district and the Oconee judicial circuit and the county site of the said new county shall be the town of Alamo That all legal voters residing in the limits as herein described of said proposed new county of Wheeler entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1913 elect an ordinary a clerk of superior court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor a county treasurer and three commissioners of roads and revenues for said county said election to be held at the town of Alamo the county site of said new county That the superior courts of said county shall be held on the first Mondays in March and on the first Mondays in September of each year The limits of the said county the Congressional and Senatorial districts
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and the judicial circuit to which it is attached and the time of holding the terms of the superior courts shall be as designated above until changed by law provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to said county of Wheeler whenever the same be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the counties of Gwinnett Walton and Jackson said county bounded as follows Beginning at a point amid stream where the Mulberry river crossed the Hall County line joining Jackson County thence following the line between Hall and Jackson Counties to the corner of Hall Gwinnett and Jackson Counties thence in a direct line to the center of the Appalachia river at Freemans mill thence following the middle of the current of said Appalachia river down to the line of Walton and Oconee Counties thence following the line between Walton and Oconee Counties to the common corner of Walton Jackson and Oconee Counties thence following the lines between Jackson and Oconee Counties to the Clarke County line dividing Oconee and Clarke Counties thence in a direct line to McCleskys Bridge at the central point over the Mulberry river and thence up the said Mulberry river to the beginning point on the Hall County line That Winder Georgia shall be the county site of said county Said county shall be attached to the Ninth Congressional District and to the Western Judicial Circuit and shall be attached to the Twentyseventh Senatorial District That the name of said new county shall be Barrow and that all legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Bartow entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1915 elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coronor a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor and a county treasurer Said election to be held at Winder Georgia the county site of said county That the Superior Courts of said county shall be held on the fourth Mondays in March and September of each year The limits of said county the congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Court shall be as above designated until changed by law
That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State created by the General Assembly and those created by amendments to the above and foregoing Paragraphs Section and Article of the Constitution of this State there is hereby created an additional county which county shall be known as Candler County The territory for the formation of said county of Candler shall be taken from the counties of Emanuel Bulloch and Tattnall and the said territory so taken for the formation of said new county of Candler shall be included within the following described boundaries towit Starting at the south of Ten Mile Creek where it empties into Canoochee river running in a northerly direction up said river to Excelsior bridge thence
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in a northerly direction straight course to Lotts Creek to a point onequarter of a mile above new bridge thence along the line of Lotts Creek to DeLoachs Pond leaving DeLoachs Pond running in a northwesterly direction crossing the Bulloch and Emanuel County lines intersecting with the Swainsboro and Statesboro public road at D B Johnsons place thence in a southwesterly direction to Union School House thence in a southwestern direction to Cowarts Mill Pond thence a direct line south to the Leo Collins crossing on Central of Georgia Railroad thence a southwesterly course to Griffins Ferry Bridge on the Ohoopee River crossing line of Emanuel and Tattnall Counties a southerly course to a point where the counties of Emanuel and Tattnall meet on the Ohoopee River thence a direct line east to Kennedys Bridge on the Canoochee River That when said county is created the county seat of the same shall be the town of Metter now in the county of Bulloch that if the above and foregoing amendment should be ratified by the people when the sime is submitted to them for their ratification at the next general election after the adoption of this proposal to amend the Constitution there shall be on the first Wednesday in December after the proposed amendment to the Constitution is adopted an election for the county officers herein named in and for said new county to be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said new county at the time of the adoption of the proposed amendment during the usual hours of holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in said territory shall be qualified to vote at said election and the ordinaries of the several counties in which said election precincts are located at the time of the adoption of this amendment shall each appoint the election managers for the precincts in the counties in which he shall exercise jurisdiction of ordinary and the managers of the election shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the town of Metter the place designated as the county seat of the new county and consolidate the vote for the county officers at such place within the limits of the town of Metter as shall be designated by the Judge of the Superior Court of the middle circuit whose duty it is hereby made to designate the place of meeting of said election mangers within the corporate limits of said town of Metter and the general laws now in force as to the consolidation of the votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to officers elected at such special election herein provided for that the officers to be elected at said special election herein provided for shall be an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a tax collector a tax receiver a coroner a county surveyor and a county treasurer that said officers shall be commissioned as now required by law and all laws now in force in this State to commission officers and for bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected that the officers elected at said general election shall hold their officers until the next general election for county officers and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any additional statutory officers in said county or statuory courts and to provide by law for filling said officers Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of the offices created
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by said county may be filled as now provided by law The said county of Candler shall be attached to the First Congressional District the Middle Judicial Circuit and the Fortyninth Senatorial District but it shall be in the power of the General Assembly at any time to change the judicial circuit to which said county of Candler is attached and the said General Assembly of Georgia is hereby given power to change said county of Candler in arranging congressional and senatorial districts as now provided by law That the Superior Courts in said county of Candler shall be held on the third Mondays in February and August months of each year but it shall be within the power of the General Assembly at any time by law to change the time of holding the courts and the number of terms thereof That the Justices of the Peace and Constables residing in the territory included within the new county of Candler shall exercise the duties and powers of their office until new militia districts are laid out in said county of Candler as now provided by law that all of the provisions of the law as contained in Chapter Thirteen 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to the said county of Candler whenever the same is created that all of the general laws in this State in addition to the above having application to the statutory counties of this State are hereby made applicable to the said county of Candler especially the law in reference to holding elections for the purpose of creating a debt for said county that the said county of Candler so created by this amendment shall become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State regulating county and county affairs
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by the Constitution of the State of Georgia there shall be a new county laid out from the counties of Appling Pierce and Ware that the name of said county shall be Bacon and the boundaries shall be as follows Commencing at the southwest corner of the county of Appling where it corners with Ware and Coffee Counties being at the southwest corner of land lot 471 of the 5th district of Appling County and running thence north along the dividing lines between the counties of Appling and Coffee to the southwest corner of land lot 464 of the 5th district of Appling County and running thence west along the original land line to the southwest corner of land lot 510 of the 5th district of Appling County where it corners with Coffee County and running thence north along the dividing line between the counties of Appling and Coffee to the northwest corner of land lot 115 of the 2nd district of Appling County where it corners with Jeff Davis Countyand running thence east along the dividing line between Appling and Jeff Davis Counties to the northwest corner of land lot 108 in the 2d district of Appling County thence running north along the dividing line of Appling and Jeff Davis Counties to the northwest corner of land lot 169 of 2d district of Appling County and thence east along the original land line to what is known as the Little Satilla River and thence southeasterly along the middle thread of the Little Satilla River to a point where said river crosses the southern line of land lot 75 of the 4th district of Pierce County and running thence west along the original land line to
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the northwest corner of land lot 76 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence running south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 63 in the 4th district of Pierce County and running thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 30 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 31 of the 4th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 16 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 15 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 38 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 36 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 57 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 58 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 81 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of landlot 80 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original line to the southeast corner of land lot 105 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 106 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land lines to the southeast corner of land lot 198 in the 5th district of Ware County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 199 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 291 in the 5th district of Ware County thence north along the original land lines to the northwest corner of land lot 290 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land line to the southwest corner of land lot 310 in the 5th district of Ware County thence north along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 312 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 471 to point and place of beginning
That Alma Georgia shall be the county site of said county that the said county shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District and to the Waycross Judicial Circuit and to the Third Senatorial District That all legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Bacon entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly uAder the law of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1915 at Alma Georgia the county site of said county elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor a county school superintendent and a county treasurer The limits of said county the congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is added shall be as above designated until changed by law The Superior Court of said county shall be held on the third Mondays in March and October That said county of Bacon is hereby declared to be a statutory county the General Assembly of the State of Georgia is hereby given the power by legislation to
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create local offices and local courts in the said county other than those provided for in this constitution and it is further declared that the General Assembly shall have the same power to legislate in reference to said county of Bacon that it has now as to other counties in the State That all laws applicable to the counties in this State are hereby made to apply to the said county of Bacon That said county of Bacon is hereby authorized to create a bonded debt not to exceed one hundred thousand dollars 100000 for public improvements in said county of Bacon by the consent of the majority of the regular qualified voters of said county of Bacon voting at an election for that purpose That said election to create said debt shall be held under law now in force for creation of the debt
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from portions of the counties of Bulloch and Tattnall and embraced within the following boundary lines Commencing at a point known as Johnsons Old Ferry on the Canoochee river and running thence in a southwesterly direction along the boundary line between Liberty and Tattnall Counties to a point known as the Ford on Canoochee Creek thence in a westerly direction a straight line to Jennie thence a westerly direction a straight line to Rogers Crossing at the intersection of the Belleville and Reidsville roads thence in a northerly direction in a straight line to a point on the Seaboard Air Line Railway half way between the towns of Belleville and Manassas thence northerly in the same direction in a straight line until it intersects the line of the proposed county of Candler thence along said line to the Canoochee River thence in a southerly direction down the Canoochee River to Kennedys Bridge thence in an easterly direction along the public road leading from Kennedys Bridge to Ada Belle on the Register and Glennville Railroad thence in an easterly direction along the old Dublin Road to the rightofway of the old Dublin Railroad bed thence in a southeasterly direction down said rightofway to Scotts Creek thence in the same direction down Scotts Creek to its mouth in Lotts Creek thence in a southerly direction down Lotts Creek to its mouth in Canoochee River and from thence down Canoochee River in a southeasterly direction to the starting point at Johnsons Ferry That the territory embraced in the foregoing boundary lines shall be known as and be named Evans County and the city of Claxton shall be the county site of the same That said proposed county shall be attached to the First Congressional District to the Atlantic Judicial Circuit and to the Second Senatorial District That all legal voters residing within the limits of said proposed county of Evans entitled under the laws of Georgia to vote for members of the General Assembly shall on the first Wednesday in January following the ratification by the people of this proposed amendment elect the following officers for the said county of Evans An ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county treasurer a county surveyor a county superintendent of public schools and three commisioners of roads and revenues said election to be held at Claxton the county site according to law That the Superior
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Courts of the said county of Evans shall be held on the fourth Mondays of January March June and October of each year and that the grand jury for said county of Evans shall serve at the January and June terms of said court each year provided however that the Judge of the Superior Court may in his discretion cause the grand jury of said county to be summoned at any term of said Superior Court That the limits of said county of Evans the congressional and State senatorial districts the judicial circuit to which said county of Evans is hereby attached the terms of the Superior Court of the same shall be as designated herein until changed by law provided that the laws applicable to new counties and not inconsistent or in conflict with the provisions of this Act as found in Section 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of Georgia 1910 are hereby made applicable to said county of Evans whenever said county is created and that said county shall be subject to all laws applicable to all other counties of this State
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from territory embraced in Coffee and Clinch Counties within the following boundary lines Beginning at the point where the southern boundary line of lot of land No 334 in the fifth land district of Coffee County intersects the middle of the run of Willacoochee Creek then follow said line directly east to the southeast corner of lot of land No 15 in the sixth land district of Coffee County thence south along the eastern boundary of lot of land No 16 in the sixth land district of Coffee County to the southwest corner of said lot of land thence along the land line directly east to where it intersects the middle of the run of the Satilla River thence in a southeasterly direction along the run of the said Satilla River to where the same intersects the northern boundary of the lot of land No 250 in the sixth 6 land district thence directly east along said line to where it intersects the Ware County line thence in a southerly direction along the Ware County line to the north side corner of lot of land No 234 in the seventh land district of Clinch County thence directly westward along the land line of said lot of land No 234 on the north to where it intersects the middle of the run of the Alapaha River thence in a northerly direction along the middle of the run of the Alapaha River to the mouth of Willacoochee Creek thence along the middle of the run of Willacoochee Creek to point of beginning That said new county shall be known as Atkinson County and the City of Pearsons shall be the county seat thereof That said Atkinson County shall be attached to the eleventh Congresional District the Waycross Judicial Circuit anc the Fifth Senatorial District That all the legal voters residing within the limits of the County of Atkinson entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia on the first Wesnesday in December following the ratification of this proposed amendment shall elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court sheriff coroner tax collector tax receiver county surveyor and county treasurer for said new county said election to be held at the militia district courthouses at Willacoochee Pearson and Axson in the manner now provided by law for holding elections for
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county officers and said county officerselect shall qualify and enter upon the discharge of their respective duties on the first day of January following their election and shall hold their offices for a term of two years or until their successors shall be duly elected and qualified That the Superior Courts of said Atkinson County shall be held on the fourth Mondays in January and June of each year That the Congressional and Senatorial Districts the judicial circuit to which said County of Atkinson is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Courts and the limits of the county shall remain as designated above until the same shall be changed by law Provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties found in sections 829 to 848 inclusive Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to the County of Atkinson and that said county shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State
That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State there is hereby created an additional county which county when created shall be known as Treutlen County The territory for the formation of the said county of Treutlen shall be taken from the counties of Montgomery and Emanuel and the said territory so taken for the formation of said county of Truetlen shall be included within the following described boundaries towit Starting at a point on the east side of the Oconee River where Red Bluff Creek empties into the Oconee River and running up said Red Bluff Creek to a point where the river road crosses Red Bluff Creek thence on a straight line in a northeasterly direction to Wixtrums Bridge on Pendleton Creek said Pendleton Creek being the present line between Montgomery and Emanuel Counties thence in a northerly direction from Wixtrums Bridge on Pendleton Creek to Moores Bridge on the Ohooopee River the public road from Wixtrums Bridge leading to Swainsboro being the line to said Moores Bridge on the Ohoopee River thence up the run of the Ohoopee River from Moores Bridge to McLemores Bridge where the Savannah and Dublin public road crosses the Ohoopee River thence in a westerly direction along said Savannah and Dublin public road to where said public road crosses the county line between Laurens and Emanuel Counties thence in a southwesterly direction along the county line between the present counties of Emanuel and Laurens to Pendleton Creek thence along the county line between Laurens and Montgomery Counties to Mercers Creek thence down Mercers Creek in a southwesterly direction to where Mercers Creek empties into the Oconee river thence down the Oconee river to the mouth of Red Bluff Creek at the starting point That if the said county is created the county seat shall be at the town of Soperton now in the county of Montgomery That if this amendment shall be ratified by the people when the same is submitted to them for their ratification then on the first Wednesday in December 1918 an election shall be held for the election of county officers herein named to serve in and for said new county that said election shall be at the said election precincts existing within the limits of said proposed new county at the time this amendment shall take effect and be held during the hours
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now fixed by law for holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in the territory included in the limits of said proposed new county shall be qualified to vote at said election for said officers and the ordinaries of the several counties in which the election precincts are located within the limits of the said proposed new county at the time this amendment is to take effect shall each appoint the election managers for the precincts in the county in which he exercises jurisdiction as ordinary and said managers shall take and subscribe the oath now prescribed by law and the election managers shall be on the day succeeding the election meet at the town of Soperton the place herein designated as the county seat of said proposed new county and consolidate the vote cast at said election at such place within the limits of said town of Soperton as shall be designated by the judge of the Superior Courts of the Oconee Circuit whose duty it is hereby made to designate a meeting place for said election managers within the corporate limits of said town of Soperton and the general law of this State now in force as to the consolidation of votes the return of the election and the commission of the officers shall be applicable to such special election herein provided for The officers to be elected at said election shall be an ordinary clerk of the Superior Court sheriff tax collector tax receiver coroner county surveyor county treasurer county superintendent of education and member of the General Assembly that the persons who shall be elected to fill said offices at said election shall be commissioned as now required by law and the laws now in force in this State in regard to commissions for officers and the bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected and they shall hold their offices until the next general election for county officers and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any statutory offices or statutory courts and provide for filling the same Vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of said offices shall be tilled as now provided by law That said new county when created shall become a part of the twelfth Congressional District and sixteenth Senatorial District and shall be included in the Oconee Judicial Circuit and a Superior Court for said county is hereby created which court shall have the same jurisdiction as now provided by law for the Superior Courts of this State that the said court until otherwise changed by law shall be held on the third Mondays of February and August of each year but the General Assembly is hereby expressly given the power to change the terms of said court and to increase the number thereof that the justices of the peace and constables residing within the territory included within the new County of Treutlen shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out for said county of Treutlen as now provided by law That the provisions of Chapter 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to said proposed county of Treutlen and that all the general laws of this State in reference to holding elections for the purpose of creating debt and that the said proposed county of Treutlen shall when created become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State relating to coun
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ties and county affairs and shall be subject to the legislative control of this State and the Legislature of this State is hereby given power to enact laws in reference to said county in the same manner and the same extent that they have the power to legislate as to the other counties now existing in this State that the property of all taxpayers included within the limits as herein defined of the said proposed county of Treutlen is hereby made chargeable with any debt that may have been incurred by any of the counties from which the territory included in the new county is taken by the legally constituted authorities of the county for the purpose of raising revenues for the benefit of either of said counties whether the said debt is a bonded debt or one which has been incurred for the benefit in any way of either of the conties The value of the taxable property included in the said county of Treutlen at the time of the adoption of this amendment to the Constitution in proportion to the value of the property left in the counties from which the said county of Treutlen is taken shall determine the proportionate amount of the debt which shall be put upon the property of the taxpayers located in said proposed new county Authority is hereby given to the ordinary of the said county of Treutlen and to the officers of the counties from which said territory is taken who are charged with the management of the business of the said counties to settle and agree upon an amount of the said indebtedness that shall be assumed and paid by the said county of Treutlen and it is hereby made the duty of the ordinary of said county of Treutlen when the amount of said debt is so ascertained to cause a tax to be levied upon all the property within the limits of the said county of Truetlen of such per cent as will be sufficient to discharge said debt and in the event of the failure or refusal of the ordinary of Treutlen County to levy such tax it shall be the duty of the judge of the Superior Court of the circuit of which the said county of Treutlen forms a part to compel the ordinary of the county of Treutlen to perform the duty herein required of him In the event of the failure of the authorities of the said county of Treutlen to ascertain the proportionate part of said debt the said County of Truetlen is hereby required to pay or in the event the authorities of the counties fail to agree upon the amount of said debt then either of said counties may bring a suit against the said county of Treutlen in the Superior Court of said county for the purpose of having the proportion of said debt so assumed by the said county of Treutlen to be ascertained and the said court is hereby given power to enforce whatever judgment may be had as the result of said trial by compelling the ordinary of said county to levy a tax for the payment of said debt
That section 846 of the Code of 1910 in reference to the registration of voters is hereby expressly made applicable to said county and in addition to the provisions contained in said section it is hereby made the duty of the ordinaries of the several counties in the territory included in said county to furnish to the election managers the names of all persons legally registered and who reside in the territory included in the said county of Treutlen and who are qualified to vote according to the laws of this State
That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State there
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is hereby created an additional county which county when created shall be known as Cook County The territory for the formation of said county of Cook shall be taken from the county of Berrien and the territory so taken for the formation of said new county of Cook shall be included within the following described boundaries towit
Starting at a point where the Willacoochee River crosses the county line between Berrien and Lowndes thence running a northerly direction along the run of said Willacoochee River to where said river intersects with New River thence taking a northwesterly direction up and along the run of said New River to where said New River crosses the county line between the counties of Berrien and Tift thence westward along what is now the county line between the counties of Berrien and Tift to the northeast original corner of lot of land No Five Hundred Seventeen 517 in the 6th land District of originally Irwin County thence south along the east original line of said lot to the New Flat Bridge public road thence west along said road fifty 50 feet then south along a line fifty 50 feet from and parallel with the east line of lot 517 as aforesaid to the south original line of No 517 thence in a westward direction along what is now the county line between said counties of Berrien and Tift to where said county line crosses the run of Little River thence in a southerly direction and southeasterly direction down and along the run of said Little River to where the same reaches the line between the counties of Lowndes and Berrien thence due east along the lines on the south side of lots of land Nos 517 516 and 515 in the 9th land District of originally Irwin County thence due east along the line between the counties of Berrien and Lowndes to where the same crosses the run of said Willacoochee River that being the starting point
That when said county is created the county seat for the same shall be the Town of Adel now in said County of Berrien That if the above and foregoing amendment should be ratified by the people at the next general election after the adoption of the proposal to amend the Constitution there shall be on the first Wednesday in December after the proposed amendment to the Constitution is adopted an election for the County officers herein named in and for said new county to be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said new county at the time of the adoption of the proposed amendment during the usual hours of holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in said territory shall be qualified to vote at said election and the Ordinary of Berrien County the county in which said election precincts are located at the time of the adoption of this amendment shall appoint the election managers for such precincts and the managers of the election shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the city hall in the town of Adel and consolidate the vote for the county officers and the general laws now in force as to consolidation of the votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to officers elected at such special elections herein provided for that the officers to be elected at said special election herein provided for shall be an ordinary elerk of the Superior Court sheriff tax collector tax receiver coroner county
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surveyor and county treasurer that said officer shall be commissioned as now required by law and laws now in force in this State to commission officers and for bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected that the officers elected at said election shall hold their offices until the next general election for ccfunty officers throughout the State and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any additional statutory offices in said county or statutory courts and to provide by law for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of the offices created thus for said county may be filled as now provided by law The said county of Cook shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District the Southern Judicial Circuit and the Sixth Senatorial District but it shall be in the power of the General Assembly at any time to change the Judicial Circuit to which said county of Cook is attached and the said General Assembly of Georgia is hereby given power to change said county of Cook in arranging Congressional and Senatorial districts as is now provided by law That the Superior Courts in said county of Cook shall be held on the first Mondays of March and September of each year but it shall be within the power of the General Assembly at any time by law to change the time of holding court and the number of terms thereof That fhe Justices of the Peace and Constables residing in the territory included within the new county of Cook shall exercise the duties and powers of their office until new militia districts are laid out in said county of Cook as now provided by law That all the provisions of the law as contained in Chapter Thirteen 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to the said county of Cook whenever the same is created That all of the general laws in this State in addition to the above having application to the statutory counties of this State are hereby made applicable to the said county of Cook especially the law in reference to holding elections for the purpose of creating a debt for said county That the county of Cook shall become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State regulating county and county affairs
The county authorities of said county shall have the fight to create a debt for and on behalf of said county to defray the expenses of said county for the first year without submitting the same to a vote of the qualified voters of said county The Legislature is hereby authorized to correct any mistake or mistakes or inaccuracies that may occur or mav have occured m reference to the line or lines of said proposed new county
Provided however that in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State created by the General Assembly and those created by amendment to the Constitution of this State there shall be an additional county which county when created shall be known as Lanier County The territory for the formation of said county of Lanier shall be taken from the counties of Clinch Berrien and Lowndes and the territory so taken for the formation of said new county of Lanier shall be included within the following described boundaries towit Beginning at the northwest corner of land lot 312 in
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the 10th land district of Berrien County thence running south along the west line of lots 312 333 358 379 404 425 and 450 to the southwest corner of said lot 450 thence westward along the north lines of lots 470 and 469 to the northwest corner of lot 469 thence south along the west lines of lots 469 498 and 515 to the southwest corner of lot 515 thence east along the south lines of lots 515 and 516 to the northwest corner of lot 231 all of said lots being in the 10th district of Berrien County thence south along the west lines of lots 231 232 233 234 235 236 to the southwest corner of said lot 236 all of said lots being in the 11th district of Lowndes County thence east along the south lines of lots 236 271 282 317 328 363 374 409 420 to the run of Alapaha River in Lowndes County all of said lots in the 11th district of Lowndes County and thence down the run of said Alaphaha River in a southerly and southeasterly direction to where said run of said river crosses the present line between the counties of Clinch and Echols said line being the run of Cow Creek at said point thence easterly and northeasterly along the run of said Cow Creek to a point where said creek leaves the present line between Clinch and Echols counties thence easterly and southeasterly along the present line between the counties of Clinch and Echols to the southeast portion of lot of land 519 that lies in the present county of Clinch and in the 11 district of said county thence north along the east lines of lots of land 519 518 517 516 515 514 513 512 511 510 509 508 507 in the 11th district and 529 484 483 438 437 392 391 346 345 300 299 254 253 to the northeast corner of said lot 253 in the 10th district all in the county of Clinch thence westward along the north lines of lots 253 252 251 250 and 249 to the run of Alapaha River in a southerly direction to where the run of said river crosses the north line of lot 304 in the 10th district of Berrien County thence westward along the north lines of lots 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 and 312 in the 10th district of Berrien County to the northwest corner of said lot 312 the starting point
That when said county is created the county seat for the same shall be the town of Milltown now in said county of Berrien That if the above and foregoing amendment should be ratified by the people when the same is submitted to them for their ratification at the next general election after the adoption of the proposal to amend the Constitution there shall be on the first Wednesday in December after the proposed amendment to the Constitution is adopted an election for the county officers herein named in and for said new county to be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said new county at the time of the adoption of the proposed amendment during the usual hours of holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in said territory shall be qualified to vote at said election and the ordinary of the county in which said election precincts are located at the time of the adoption of this amendment shall appoint the election managers for such precincts and the managers of the election shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the city hall in the town of Milltown and consolidate the vote for the county officers and the general laws now in force as to the consolidation of the votes the return of the election and the commission
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of officers shall be applicable to officers elected at such special election herein provided for that the officers to be elected at such special election herein provided for shall be an ordinary clerk of the Superior Court sheriff tax collector tax receiver coroner county surveyor and county treasurer that said officers shall be commissioned as now required by law and all laws now in force in this State to commission officers and for bonds required of them shall be applicable to officers so elected that the officers elected at said election shall hold their offices until the next general election for county officers throughout the State and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any additional statutory offices in said county or statutory courts and to provide by law for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of the offices created thus for said county may be filled as now provided by law The said county of Lanier shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District the Alapaha Judicial Circuit and the Sixth Senatorial District but it shall be in the power of the General Assembly at any time to change the judicial circuit to which said county of Lanier is attached and the said General Assembly of Georgia is hereby given power to change said county of Lanier in arranging the Congressional and Senatorial districts as is now provided by law that the Superior Court in said county of Lanier shall be held on the second Mondays in January and July of each year but it shall be within the power of the General Assembly at any time by law to change the time of holding court and the number of terms thereof that the justices of the peace and constables residing in the territory included within the new county of Lanier shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out in said county of Lanier as now provided by law that all the provisions of law as contained in Chapter thirteen 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to the said county of Lanier whenever the same is created that all of the general laws of this State in addition to the above having application to the statutory counties of this State are hereby made applicable to the said county of Lanier especially the law in reference to holding elections for the purpose of creating a debt for said county that when this amendment is adopted the said county of Lanier so created by the adoption of this amendment shall become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State regulating county and county affairs The county authorities of said county shall have the right to create a debt for and on behalf of said county to defray the expenses of said county for the first year without submitting the same to a vote of the qualified voters of said county The Legislature is hereby authorized to correct any mistake or mistakes or inaccuracies that may occur or may have occured in reference to the line or lines of said proposed new county
In addition to the counties now provided for by the Constitution of Georgia as amended there shall be organized by this further amendment to Paragraph 2 Section 1 Article II another new county to be known as Brantley the same to be laid out from the counties of Pierce Charlton and Wayne
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and shall include all of the territory embraced within boundaries as follows towit Beginning at the southeast corner of Pierce County at the southeast corner of lot of land number three hundred 300 in the 9th district of Pierce County and thence northwards along the line between Pierce and Charlton counties to the southwest corner of land lot number thirteen 13 in the 2nd district of Charlton County thence eastwards along the south line of land lots numbers thirteen 13 fiftytwo 52 seventyseven 77 one hundred and sixteen 116 one hundred and fortyone 141 one hundred and eighty 180 two hundred and five 205 and fractional lot two hundred and fortyfour 244 and thence continuing in a straight line to Buffalo Creek and thence eastwards along the line between counties of Charlton and Wayne to the Big Satilla River and the western line of Camden County thence northward along the line between Wayne and Camden counties to the Glynn County line thence further northwards along the line between the counties of Wayne and Glynn to a point on said county line one mile north of the main line of the Atlauta Birmingham and Atlantic Railway thence westwards along a line one mile north of and parallel with the aforesaid main line of the Atlanta Birmingham and Atlantic Railway to the Little Satilla River and the line between the counties of Wayne and Pierce thence southeast along the channel of the Little Satilla River to the southwest corner of land lot number one 1 in the 3rd district of Wayne County thence southwards along the west lines of land lots numbers thirtytwo 32 and thirtyone 31 in the 2nd district of Pierce County to the channel of the Big Satilla River thence westwards up the channel of the Big Satilla River through Pierce County to the county line between Pierce and Ware counties and thence south and southeast along the county line between Pierce and Ware counties to the Charlton County line and thence eastwards along the county line between Pierce and Charlton to the southeast corner of Pierce County the point of beginning aforesaid
The county site of said new county Brantley shall be Hoboken Georgia
Said county shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District to the Waycross Judicial Circuit and to the Third Senatorial District until changed by the General Assembly of Georgia Terms of Superior Court shall be two in number held on the first Monday in June and op the fourth Monday in November in each year until the number of said terms and time of holding the same shall be changed by the General Assembly
Justices of the Peace and Constables cut off into the new county shall continue to exercise the duties and powers of their respective offices until new militia districts are laid off in said new county and until their successors are elected and qualified
The voters of said new county qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the second Wednesday in December 1920 elect an Ordinary Clerk of Superior Court Sheriff Coroner Tax Collector Tax Receiver County Treasurer County Surveyor County School Superintendent and Representative in the General Assembly who shall hold office untR the next general election for county officers shall
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be held in the State of Georgia and until their successors are elected and qualified and said officers shall qualify give bond and take oath as prescribed by law Said election shall be held at the schoolhouse at Hobpken the county seat of said county by managers appointed by the Ordinary of Pierce County for said purpose or by three freeholders in event the managers so appointed fail or refuse to hold said elections and said election shall be held under the laws now of force relating to the manner of holding elections for county officers The officers elected at said election shall enter upon the discharge of their respective duties on the 1st day of January 1921
The ordinaries of the counties from which said new county is laid out shall furnish the managers of said election with a list of the legal voters registered in their respective counties who reside within the territory included in said new county
The provisions of Section 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code are hereby made applicable to said new county and said new county when created shall be a statutory county and subject to all general laws of this State applicable to the counties thereof
The county authorities of said new county shall have the right to create a debt for and on behalf of said county to defray the public expenses thereof for the first year without submitting the same to a vote of the qualified voters thereof
Said new county when created shall be entitled to one representative in the Lower House of the General Assembly of Georgia and the membership of said House shall be increased by one so as to admit of representation therein for said new county
The General Assembly is authorized to correct any mistake or mistakes or inaccuracies in reference to the boundaries of said new county
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from the territory now comprising the counties of Pike and Monroe to be made up and composed of all of that part of the territory of the counties of Pike and Monroe described and contained within the boundaries as follows
Beginning at the northwest corner of land lot 185 adjoining Spalding and Pike County line in the 2nd district of Pike County and running along land lot lines southward to northwest corner of land lot 75 in the 8th district Pike County Georgia thence west along land lot between land lots 86 and 87 to the northwest corner of land lot 86 thence south along line between land lots 86 and 107 to northwest corner of land lot 85 thence west along lines between land lots 107 and 108 to northwest corner land lot 108 thence south along land lots line to Upson County lines at southwest corner land lot 112 in 8tH district Pike County Georgia thence east along land lot lines between Pike and Upson to Pike and Monroe County lines at southeast corner land lot 113 in Pike County Georgia thence south along line between Upson and Monroe County to southwest corner of land lot 130 in 11th land district of Monroe County thence east along land lot line to southeast corner of land lot 28 in 11th district Monroe County and thence north
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along land lot line to northeast corner land lot 29 thence east along land lot lines to south corner of land lot 8 Monroe County Georgia 11th district and thence north along lines between land district 11 and 12 7 and 6 and 3 and 4 to Butts County line at northeast corner of land lot 247 in 3rd district of Monroe County Georgia thence west to northwest corner of land lot 138 Monroe County Georgia said land lot being in 3rd district Monroe County thence southward along present county lines between counties of Monroe and Spalding to present Pike County line thence west along county line between counties of Spalding and Pike to beginning point on northwest corner of lot of land 185 in the 2nd district of Pike County Georgia the present county lines between Monroe and Butts Monroe and Spalding Pike and Spalding being the northern boundary line of the proposed county of Lamar
That the said new county shall be known as the County of Lamar and the City of Barnesville shall be the new county site of the same
That irrespective of other provisions of this Constitution said County of Lamar shall upon its creation be entitled to one represenative in the House of Representatives of this State and said County of Lamar shall be entitled to one representative in the House of Representatives of Georgia until the apportionment shall be changed by law in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution
That the said County of Lamar shall be attached to the same Congressional District and to the same Judicial Circuit and to the same State Senatorial District as those to which the County of Pike is attached at the date of ratification of this amendment
That all legal voters residing in the County of Lamar entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in Janaury following the ratification of this proposed amendment elect a Representative in the House of Representatives of this State and an Ordinary a Clerk of the Superior Court a Sheriff a Coroner a Tax Collector a Tax Receiver a County Treasurer and a County Surveyor Said special election shall be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said Lamar County at the time of the adoption of this amendment and the Ordinary of Pike County shall appoint election managers for such election precincts as may be located in Pike County at the fimp of the adoption of this proposed amendment and the Ordinary of Monroe County shall appoint election managers for such precincts as may be located in Monroe County at the time of the adoption of this proposed amendment On the day succeeding the holding of said election the election managers shall meet at the Council Chamber of the Mayor and City Council of the City of Barnesville and consolidate the vote for the officers named and the general laws of this State now in force as to elections consolidation of votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to the officers elected at the election herein provided for The officers elected at said election and the Representative in the House of Representatives shall hold their offices until the next general election for such officers throughout the State and until their successors are elected and
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qualified The General Assembly is hereby given the power to create any additional statutory offices in said county or statutory courts therein and to provide for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election after the elections as herein provided may be filled in the same manner as such vacancies are now filled under the law The Justices of the Peace and the Constables residing in the territory included within the limits of said County of Lamar shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out in said County of Lamar as now provided by law and the Justices of the Peace and the Constables elected therefor
That the Superior Courts of said Lamar County shall be held on the first Monday in March and the first Monday in September of each year
That the Congressional and Senatorial districts the Judicial Circuit to which the said Lamar County is attached the times of holding the terms of the Superior Court and the limits of the county shall be as designated above until changed by law
Provided That the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1910 of Georgia and any other Acts or sections having applicability are hereby made applicable to said County of Lamar whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said new county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be subject to all laws aplicable to all other counties of the State
That the property of all taxpayers included within the limits of the said Lamar County as hereinbefore designated is hereby made ratably chargeable with any debt that may have been incurred by either of the counties from which the territory included in the new county of Lamar is taken by the legally constituted authorities of the counties for the purpose of raising revenues for the benefit of either of said counties whether the said debt is a bonded debt or one which has been incurred for the benefit in any way for either of said counties The value of the taxable property included within the limits of said County of Lamar at the time of the adoption of this amendment to the Constitution in proportion to the value of the property in the counties from which the said County of Lamar is taken shall determine the proportionate amount of the indebtedness which shall be borne by the property of the taxpayers located within the limits of said proposednew county
Authority is hereby given to the Ordinary of the said County of Lamar and to the officers of the counties from which said territory is taken who are charged with the management of the business of said counties to settle and agree upon an amount of the said indebtedness that shall be assessed against and paid by the said County of Lamar and it is hereby made the duty of the Ordinary of the said County of Lamar when the amount of indebtedness with which the said County of Lamar is chargeable is so ascertained to cause a tax to be levied upon all of the property within the limits of said County of Lamar sufficient to pay off and discharge the proportionate part of the indebtedness due by the said Lamar County
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In the event of the failure or refusal of the Ordinary of Lamar County to levy such tax it shall be the duty of the Judge of the Superior Court of the Circuit to which said County of Lamar is attached to compel the Ordinary of the said County of Lamar to perform the duty herein required of him In the event of the failure of the authorities of the counties from which the said Lamar County is created and the Ordinary of said Lamar County to ascertain and agree upon the amount of said indebtedness then either of said counties may bring a suit against the said County of Lamar in the Superior Court of said County of Lamar for the purpose of having the proportion of said debt so assumed by the said County of Lamar ascertained and the said Superior Court is hereby given power to enforce whatever judgment may be had as to the result of such trial by compelling the Ordinary of said Lamar County to levy a tax sufficient for the payment of the indebtedness found to be due by the County of Lamar cause the same to be collected and paid to the constituted authorities of the county or counties from which said Lamar County is created entitled to receive the same
It is especially provided that all ad valorem and all other special taxes and all other revenues realized for the year in which this amendment is adopted or ratified by the qualified voters of this State shall be applied to any indebtedness except bonded indebtedness due and owing by either of the said counties from which the said Lamar County is created it being the purpose of this provision to fix the basis of settlement between the counties involved upon their financial condition of the 31st day of December next following the ratification of this amendment
In addition to the counties now provided for by the Constitution as heretofore amended there shall be a new county known as Long laid out from the County of Liberty bounded as follows towit Beginning at a point on the Altamaha River where the same is intersected by the county line between Liberty and McIntosh counties thence northeast and north along the aforesaid county line between McIntosh and Liberty to intersection thereof with South Newport River and to the northwest corner of McIntosh Couny at the point where said Liberty and McIntosh line is nearest the Atlantic Coast Line Railroads main line thence a straight line northwestward to the main line of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad at a point onehalf mile southwest of said railroads depot at Lambert Georgia Post Office and Walthourville Station thence due north a straight line to Walthourville and Smiley public road north of Lambert Georgia thence northwestward a straight line to a point in the Ludowici and Hinesville public road three hundred 300 yards north of the residence of W H Devereaux in the 1756th G M District of Liberty County thence northwestward a straight line to a point on the Roderick and Hinesville public road where same is intersected by the Walthourville public road from the southeast thence west along the center of said Roderick and Hinesville public road a short distance to where the Walthourville public road leaves same towards the northwest thence northwestwards along the center of said Walthourville public road past Gum Branch Post Office old site to intersection thereof with the Savannah
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public road or Beards Bluff public road about one and oneeighth 1 18 miles east of the Cross Roads School House thence west along the center of said Savannah public road or Beards Bluff public road to where said Walthourville public road leaves same going northwest thence along the center of said Walthourville public road to intersection of same with the Moody Bridge public road thence northwards along the center of said Moody Bridge public road to the point where same crosses the Savannah and Southern Railroad right of way at Strain on said railroad and to the north line of said right of way thence westwards along the north line of the Savannah and Southern Railroad right of way to the first public road crossing at Lida depot on said railroad thence westward along center of public road from Lida past Bear Branch School House to forks of said public road and thence along the center of the northwest fork thereof in a northwesterly direction to where said public road crosses the Liberty and Tattnall County line near by and east of Hampton School House thence southwards and south along the county line between Liberty and Tattnall to the Altamaha River and to the line between Liberty and Wayne counties thence southeast along the channel of said Altamaha River and along the county line between Liberty and Wayne to point of beginning
The county site of said county shall be the town of Ludowici Georgia
Said county shall be attached to the 1st Congressional District to the Atlantic Judicial Circuit and to the 2nd Senatorial District until changed by the General Assembly of Georgia
Terms of Superior Court in said county shall be held on first Mondays in March and September in each year until changed by the General Assembly
Justices of the Peace and Constables cut off into the new county shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out in said new county as provided by law and until their successors are elected and qualified
The voters of said new county qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in December 1920 elect an Ordinary Clerk of Superior Court Sheriff Coroner Tax Collector Tax Receiver County Surveyor County Treasurer Representative and County School Superintendent who shall hold office until the next general election for county officers shall be held in the State of Georgia and until their successors are elected and qualified said election shall be held at the usual voting places heretofore established within the territory of said new county and shall be conducted in the manner now prescribed by law for holding elections for county officers and the officers elected therein shall qualify give bond and take oath as prescribed by law and enter upon the discharge of their respective duties on the first day of January 1921
The provisions of Section 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code are hereby made applicable to said new county and said county when created shall
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be a statutory county and subject to all general laws applicable to counties of this State
The county authorities of said new county shall have the right to create a debt for and on behalf of said county to defray the public expenses thereof for the first year without submitting the same to a vote of the qualified voters thereof
Said new county when created shall be entitled to one Representative in the Lower House of the General Assembly of Georgia and the membership of the aid House shall be increased by one so as to admit of representation therein for said new county
In addition to the cdunties now provided for by the Constitution as heretofore amended there shall be a new county to be known as Sfeminole laid out from the counties of Decatur and Early bounded as follows towit Beginning at the southwest corner of the State of Georgia running thence eastward along the line between Georgia and Florida to the mouth of the Flint River thence up the channel of Flint River to the mouth of Spring Creek thence northward up the western bank of Spring Creek to land lot number one hundred and thirtyone No 131 in the 21st district of Decatur County at a point opposite a public road known as Rhodes Ferry road and thence west to a point onehalf mile distant from the west bank of Spring Creek and thence northwad along a line parallel with and onehalf mile distant from the west bank of Spring Creek to the south line of Miller County thence west along the south line of Miller County to the southwest corner of Miller County thence west along the south line of Early County to the line between Georgia and Alabama thence southward along the State line between Georgia and Alabama to the southwest corner of the State of Georgia and the line between Alabama and Florida continuing southward along the State line between Georgia and Florida to the southwest corner of the State of Georgia the point of beginning
The county site of said county shall be the town of Donalsonville Georgia
Said county shall be attached to the 2nd Congressional District to the Pataula Judicial Circuit and the 8th Senatorial District until changed by the General Assembly of Georgia
Terms of Superior Court in said county shall be held on the third Mondays in February June and October in each year until changed by the General Assembly
Justices of the Peace and Constables cut off into the new county hll exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out in said new county as provided by law and until their successors are elected and qualified
The voters of said new county qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in December 1920 elect an Ordinary Clerk of the Superior Court Sheriff Coroner Tax Collector Tax Receiver County Surveyor county Treasurer Representative and County School Superintendent who shall hold office
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until the next general election for county officers shall be held in the State of Georgia and until their successors are elected and qualified Said election shall be held at the usual voting places heretofore established within the territory of said new county and shall be conducted in the manner now prescribed by law for holding elections for county officers and the officers elected therein shall qualify give bond and take oath as prescribed by law and enter upon the discharge of their respective duties on the 1st day of January 1921
The provisions of Section 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code are hereby made applicable to said new county and said new county when created shall be a statutory county and subject to all general laws applicable to counties of this State
The county authorities of said new county shall have the right to create a debt for and on behalf of said county to defray the public expenses thereof for the first year without submitting the same to a vote of the qualified voters thereof
Said new county when created shall be entitled to one Representative in the Lower House of the General Assembly of Georgia and the membership of the said House shall be increased by one so as to admit of representation therein for said new county
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from the territory now composing Houston and Macon Counties to be made up and composed of all that part of the territory of Houston and Macon Counties described and contained within the boundaries as follows
Beginning at the point where the Counties of Bibb Houston and Crawford corner running thence along the line between the Counties of Houston and Crawford to the point where the Counties of Houston Crawford and Macon corner thence in a southwesterly direction along the line between the Counties of Crawford and Macon to the middle of the run of Flint thence in a southerly direction along the middle of the run of Flint River to the southern line of fractional lot number 151 in the 8th district of Macon County thence east along the southern line of lots 151 138 and 119 to the southwest corner of lot number 106 in the 8th district of Macon County thence north along the western line of lot number 106 to the southwest corner of lot number 105 in the 8th district of Macon County thence east along the south line of lots 105 and 88 to the northwest corner of lot 74 in the 8th district of Macon County thence south along the western line of lot 74 to the southwest corner of lot 74 thence east along the southern line of lots 74 55 42 and 23 to the southwest corner of lot number 10 in the 8th district of Macon County thence north along the west line of lot number 10 to where said western line intersects with the public road leading west from the Dixie Highway between Marshallville and Fort Valley to the old Neil plantation thence along the said public road to the center of the said Dixie Highway leading from Marshallville to Fort Valley thence in a southerly direction along the center of said Dixie Highway to the south line of the property of
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D C Strother and C Z McArthur in lot 13 in the 8th district of Macon county thence east along the said south line of the property of D C Strother and C Z McArthur to the western line of lot 253 in the 9th district of Macon County thence north along the western line of lots 253 and 252 to the southwest corner of lot number 251 in the 9th district of Macon County thence east along the south line of lots 251 and 230 to the middle of the run of Big Indian Creek thence in a generally southeasterly direction along the middle of the run of Big Indian Creek to the point where the western line of lot 96 in the 9th district of Houston County intersects the run of Big Indian Creek thence south along the western line of lots 96 and 11 in the 9th district of Houston County and lot 22 in the 14th district of Houston County to the northern line of the public road leading from Marshallville to Perry thence east alongthe northernline of the public road leading from Marshallville to Perry to the western line of the public road leading from Small Academy to Fort Valley via Norwood Springs thence north along the western line of the public road leading from Small Academy to Fort Valley via Norwood Springs to the southwest corner of lot 12 in the 9th district of Houston County thence east along the south line of lots 12 and 13 to the southwest corner of lot 14 in the 9th district of Houston County thence north along the western line of lots 14 33 34 35 36 and 37 in the 9th district of Houston County to the southwest corner of lot 38 in the 9th district of Houston County thence east along the south line of lots 38 to the southwest corner of lot 27 thence north along the west line of lots 27 and 26 to the southwest corner of lot 25 thence east along the southern line of lot 25 to the northwest corner of lot 7 in the 9th district of Houston County thence south along the western line of lot 7 to the southwest corner of lot 7 thence east along the south line of lot 7 in the 9th district and lots 10 and 23 in the 10th district of Houston County to the southwest corner of lot 42 in the 10th district of Houston County thence north along the western line of lots 42 41 and 40 in the 10th district of Houston County to the run of Mossy Creek thence southeasterly along the run of MossyCreek to the bridge over said Mossy Creek on the National Highway in Houston County and to the western line of the National Highway thence north along the western line of the National Highway to the south line of lot 69 in the 5th district of Houston County thence west along the southern line of said lot number 69 to the southwest corner thereof thence north along the western line of lots numbered 69 70 and 71 to the southwest corner of lot number 72 in the 5th district of Houston County thence west along the southern line of lot number 59 to the southwest corner of lot number 59 thence north along the western line of lots numbered 59 and 58 to the southwest corner of lot 57 in the 5th district of Houston County thence east along the southern line of lots numbered 57 and 74 to the western line of the National Highway thence north along the western line of the National Highway to the run of Echeeconnee Creek which is the dividing line between Bibb and Houston Counties thence west along the line between the Counties of Houston and Bibb to the point where Houston Bibb and Crawford corner same being the point or place of beginning
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That the said new county shall be known as Peach County and the city of Fort Valley shall be the county site of the same
That irrespective of other provisions of this Constitution said Peach County shall upon its creation be entitled to one Representative in the House of Representatives of this State and said Peach County shall be entitled to one Representative in the House of Representatives of Georgia until the apportionment shall be changed by law in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution
That be said Peach County shall be attached to the same congressional district and to the same judicial circuit and to the same State Senatorial district as those to which the County of Houston is attached at the date of the ratification of this amendment
That all legal voters residing in the limits of Peach County entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the Taws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in January following the ratification of this proposed amendment elect a Representative in the House of representatives of this State and an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county treasurer and a county surveyor Said special election shall be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said Peach County at the time of the adoption of this proposed amendment and the ordinary of Houston County shall appoint managers for such election precincts as may be located in Houston County at the time of the adoption of this proposed amendment On the day succeeding the holdings of said election the election managers shall meet at the council chamber of the Mayor arid Council of the City of Fort Valley and consolidate the vote for the officers named and the general laws of this State now in force as to elections consolidations of the votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to the officers elected at the election herein provided for The officers elected at said election and the Representative in the House of Representatives shall hold their offices until the next general election for such officers throughout the State and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any additional statutory offices in said county or statutory courts therein and to provide for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election after the election as herein provided may be filled in the same manner as such vacancies are now filled under the law The justices of the peace and constables residing in the territory included within the limits of said Peach County shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out in said Peach County and justices of the peace and constables thereof elected
That the Superior Courts of said Peach County shall be held on the first Monday in March and the first Monday in September of each year
That the congressional and senatorial districts the judicial circuit to which said Peach County is attached the times of holding the terms of the Superior Court and the limits of the county shall be as designated above until changed by law
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Provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1910 of Georgia and in any other Acts or sections having applicability are hereby made applicable to said Peach County whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be subject at all times to all laws applicable to all other counties of this State
That the property of all taxpayers included within the limits of said Peach County as herein above designated in hereby made ratably chargeable with any debt that may have been incurred by either of the counties from which the territory included in the new Peach County is taken by the legally constituted authorities of the counties for the purpose of raising revenues for the benefit of either of said counties whether the said debt is a bonded debt or one which has been incurred for the benefit in any way of either of said counties The value of the taxable property included within the limits of said Peach County at the time of the adoption of this amendment to the Constitution in proportion to the value of the property in the counties from which the said Peach County is taken shall determine the proportionate amount of the indebtedness which shall be borne by the property of the tax payers located within the limits of said proposed Peach County
Authority is hereby given the ordinary of said Peach County and to the officers of the counties from which said territory is taken who are charged with the management of the business of said counties to settle and agree upon an amount of said indebtedness that shall be assessed against and paid by the said Peach County and it is hereby made the duty of the ordinary of the said Peach County when the amount of said indebtedness with which the said Peach County is chargeable is so ascertained to cause a tax to be levied upon all the property within the limits of the said Peach County sufficient to pay off and discharge the proportionate part of the indebtedness due by said Peach County
In the event of the failure or refusal of the ordinary of Peach County to levy such a tax it shall be the duty of the Judge of the Superior Court of the circuit to which the said Peach County is attached to compel the ordinary of said Peach County to perform the duty herein required of him In the event of the failure of the authorities of the counties from which the said Peach County is created and the ordinary of the said Peach County to ascertain and agree upon the amount of said indebtedness then either of said counties may bring suit against the said County of Peach in the Superior Court of Peach County for the purpose of having the proportion of said debt so assumed by the said Peach County ascertained and the said Superior Court is hereby given authority and power to enforce whatever judgment may be had as the result of such trial by compelling the ordinary of said Peach County to levy a tax sufficient for the payment of the indebtedness found to be due by the said Peach County cause the same to be collected and paid to the constituted
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authorities of the county or counties from which said Peach County is created entitled to receive the same
It is especially provided that all ad valorem and special taxes and all other revenues realized for the year in which this amendment is adopted or ratified by the qualified voters of this State shall be applied to any indebtedness except bonded indebtedness due and owing by either of the counties from which the said Peach County is created it being the purpose of this provision to fix the basis of settlement between counties involved upon their financial condition of the 31st day of December next following the ratification of this amendment
Par II A The General Assembly shall have the power to consolidate and combine all governmental functions and powers now vested in and exercised by cities and municipalities having a population of more than 52900 according to the Federal Census of 1920 with the governmental functions and powers now vested in and exercised by the authorities of the county in which such cities or municipalities are situated to create designate and give a name to political subdivisions composed of the entire area of such counties to vest in and confer upon such subdivisions such authority and power as may be conferred upon municipalities or counties or both under existing laws to abolish any and all offices now existing under the charters of any such municipalities and also to abolish the offices of tax collectors and tax receivers in any such counties to create new offices for purpose of exercising and carrying out the powers to be vested in such political subdivisions and powers and duties formerly appertaining to such offices so abolished add the powers and duties formerly exercised by such counties and such municipalities all without regard to the uniformity of the powers duties and compensation appertaining to the offices so created in other municipalities other counties or other political subdivisions hereby authorized to divide such political subdivisions into districts to fix a maximum rate of ad valorem taxation to be levied by authority of such political subdivisions within the various districts without regard to the unformity of the rate also to consolidate and combine any and all school systems and school districts now exist mg in any such cities or municipalities and counties into one system covering the entire area of the counties to be governed and controlled under the provisions of the Act creating the political subdivisions hereby authorized regardless of the method of control of schools or school systems in other counties or municipalities
The powers herein granted shall not be extended to cities municipalities or towns and cities and towns and municipalities the corporate limits of which are included within more than one county nor shall said powers herein granted be extended to the counties in which said cities or towns or municipalities and cities and towns and municipalities are located
he General Assembly in exercising the powers herein conferred may include in the Act or law any one or more of the powers or provisions herein enumerated and may exclude therefrom any one or more of the powers or provisions enumerated
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This provision of the Constitution shall not be construed to empower the General Assembly to create new counties nor to affect or change the representatives of any county in the General Assembly Nor shall it be construed to authorize the General Assembly to abolish the offices of Clerk of the Superior Court Ordinary Sheriff or Coroner in any of the counties affected by this Act said officers being expressly hereby preserved
The General Assembly shall not change or abolish any county nor the name thereof which may be affected hereby and in having the consolidated subdivisions in each case the names of the municipality or municipalities and of the county shall be combined so as to preserve them
The General Assembly shall create such political subdivisions by special act or law relating to a particular subdivision but no such act or law shall have any force or effect until the same shall have been ratified by a vote of a majority of the qualified voters voting at a special election in such county to be held not earlier than sixty days after the final passage and approval by the Governor of any such act provided however that the people within the corporate limits of municipalities affected and the people of the county affected outside of the corporate limits shall vote separately and before the Act shall go in effect a majority of those voting in the municipalities separately If more than one municipality is affected a majority of those voting outside of said municipality or municipalities shall vote in favor of said Act
Par III County lines shall not be changed unless under the operation of a general law for that purpose
Par IV No county site shall be changed or renewed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Par V Any county may be dissolved and merged with contiguous counties by a twothirds vote of the qualified electors of such county voting at an election held for that purpose
Section II
Paragraph I The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their office for four year They shall be removed on conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible to any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless he shall have been a resident of the county for two years and is a qualified voter Provided that the provision of this proposed amendment shall not become effective until January 1st 1917
Section III
Paragraph I Whatever tribunal or officers may hereafter be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of county matters shall be uniform throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and
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remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for the appointment of commissioners of Roads and Revenues in any county and may abolish the office of County Treasurer in any county or fix the compensation of County Treasurer and such compensation may be fixed without regard to uniformity of such compensation in the various counties And the General Assembly shall also have authority to consolidate the offices and duties of Tax Receiver and Tax Collector in any or all of the counties of the State the official performing the duties of said two offices when so consolidated to be known as County Tax Commissioner and the General Assembly may prescribe the compensation of such County Tax Commissioner or authorize county authorities to fix the same which compensation may be on the basis of fees or salary and may be fixed without regard to uniformity in the various counties and when such compensation is fixed on a salary basis the authority fixing the same shall determine what disposition shall be made of the fees and commissions accruing to each of said offices so consolidated and to provide for the levy and collection of a tax sufficient to pay the salary so fixed
Section IV
Paragraph I The City of Atlanta shall be the capital of the State until changed by the same authority and the same way that is provided for the alteration of this Constitution
ARTICLE XII
The Laws of General Operation in Force in This State
Section I
Paragraph I The laws of general operation in this State areFirst as the supreme law The Constitution of the United States the laws of the United States in pursuance thereof and all treaties made under the authority of the United States
Par II Second as next in authority thereto this Constitution
Par III Third in subordination to the foregoing All laws now in force in this State not inconsistent with this Constitution and the ordinances of this Convention shall remain of force until the same are modified or repealed by the General Assembly The tax acts and appropriation acts passed by the General Assembly of 1877 and approved by the Governor of the State and not inconsistent with the Constituion are hereby continued in force until altered by law
Par IV Local and private acts passed for the benefit of counties cities towns corporations and private persons not inconsistent with the supreme law noryvith this Constitution and which have not expired nor been repealed shall have the force of statute law subject to judicial decision as to
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their validity when passed and to any limitations imposed by their own terms
Par V All rights privileges and immunities which may have vested in or accrued to any person or persons or corporation in his her or their own right or in any fiduciary capacity under and in virtue of any act of the General Assembly or any judgment decree or order or other proceeding of any court of competent jurisdiction in this State heretofore rendered shall be held inviolate by all courts before which they may be brought in question unless attacked for fraud
Par VI All judgments decrees orders and oher proceedings of the several courts of this State heretofore made within the limits of their several jurisdictions are hereby ratified and affirmed subject only to reversal by motion for a new trial appeal bill of review or other proceeding in comformity with the law of force when they were made
Par VII The officers of the government now existing shall continue in the exercise of their several functions until their successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified but nothing herein is to apply to any officer whose office may be abolished by this Constitution
Par VIII The ordinance of this Convention shall have the force of laws until otherwise provided by the General Assembly except the ordinances in reference to submitting the homestead and Capital question to a vote of the people which ordinances after being voted on shall have the effect of constitutional provisions
ARTICLE XIII
Amendment to the Constitution
Section I
Paragraph I Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on thier journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon And the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional district for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall also provide for a submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Par II No convention of the people shall be called by the General As
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sembly to revise amend or chang this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each house of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable
Section II
Paragraph I The Constitution shall be submitted for ratification or rejection to the electors of the State at an election to be held on the first Wednesday in December one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven in the several election districts of this State at which election every person shall be entitled to vote who is entitled to vote for the members of the General Assembly under the constitution and laws of force at the date of such election said election to be held and conducted as is now provided by law for holding elections for members of the General Assembly All persons voting at said election in favor of adopting the Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words For Ratification and all persons opposed to the adoption of this Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words Against Ratification
Par II The votes cast at said election shall be consolidated in each of the counties of the State as is now required by law in elections for members of the General Assembly and returns thereof made to the Governor and should a majority of all the votes cast at said election be in favor of ratification he shall declare the said Constitution adopted and make proclamation of the result of said election by publication in one or more newspapers in each Congressional district of the State but should a majority of the votes cast be against ratification he shall in the same manner proclaim the said Constitution rejected
STATE CAPITAL
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled
1 That the question of the location of the capital of this State be kept out of the Constitution to be adopted by this Convention
2 That at the first general election hereafter held for members of the General Assembly every voter may indorse on his ballot Atlanta or Milledgeville and the one of these places receiving the largest number of votes shall be the capital of the State until changed by the same authority and in the same way that may be provided for in the alteration of the Constitution that may be adopted by the Convention whether said Constitution be ratified or rejected And that every person entitld to vote for members of the General Assembly under the present Constitution and laws of this State shall be entitled to vote under this ordinance and in the event of the rejection of said constitution shall should a majority of votes cast be in favor of Milledgeville then this provision to operate and take effect as amendment to the present Constitution
HOMESTEAD
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled and It is hereby ordained by authority oj the same
1 That the article adopted by the Convention on the subject of homestead and exemption shall not form a part of this Constitution except as hereinafter provided
2 At the election held for the ratification or rejection of this Constitution it shall be lawful for each voter to have written or printed on his ballot the words Homestead of 1877 or the words Homestead of 1868
3 In the event that a majority of the ballots so cast have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1877 then said article so adopted by this Convention shall form a part of the Constitution submitted if the same is ratified but in event that said Constitution so submitted shall not be ratified then the article on homestead and exemptions so adopted as aforesaid by this Convention shall supersede Article Seven of the Constitution of 1868 on the subject of homestead and exemptions and form a part of this Constitution
4 If a majority of the ballots so cast as aforesaid shall have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1868 then Article Seventh of the Constitution of 1868 shall supercede the article on homestead and exemptions adopted by this Convention and shall be incorporated in and form a part of the Constitution so submitted and ratified
JUDICIAL CIRCUITS
There shall be sixteen judicial circuits in this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to organize and proportion the same in such manner as to equalize the business and labor of the judges in said several circuits as far as may be practicable But the General Assembly shall have power hereafter to reorganize increase or diminish the number of circuits Provided however that the circuits shall remain as now organized until changed by law
SIGNING AND RATIFICATION Be it ordained by the people oj Georgia in Convention assembled
1 That the Constitution as adopted and revised be enrolled and signed by the officers and members of this Convention
2 That the Governor shall issue his proclamation ordering an election for members of the General Assembly and a vote upon the ratification or rejection of this Constitution as herein provided and a vote upon the capi
248
tal and homestead questions as provided by the ordinances of this Convention
Read and adopted in Convention August 25th 1877
Attest C J JENKINS
President Constitutional Convention
JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary
VOID BONDS NOT TO BE PAID
Neither the General Assembly nor any other authority or officer of this State shall ever have power to pay or recognize as legal or in any sense valid or binding upon the State any direct bonds or currency bonds gold bonds or the State s alleged guaranty or indorsement of any railroad bonds or any other bonds guaranties or indorsements heretofore declared to be illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature of the State or that may be declared illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature originating this amendment viz The State gold bonds issued under the Act of October 17th 1870 in aid of the Brunswick and Albany Railroad Company the currency bonds issued under the Act of August 27th 1870 the quarterly gold bonds issued under the Act of September 15th 1870 which are enumerated in the Act of August 23rd 1872 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Brunswick and Albany Railroad Company made under the Act of March 18th 1869 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Carters ville and Van Wert Railroad Company and of the Cherokee Railroad Company the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Bainbridge Cuthbert and Columbus Railroad Company and all other bonds guaranties or indorsements declared illegal fraudulent or void as herein provided Nor shall any General Assembly ever have power to provide for the reindorsement of such railroad bonds or to place the States guaranty upon the same or to provide for the indorsement or guaranty by the State of any new bonds issued in lieu of or to pay off or retire such railroad bonds by any railroad company or to issue bonds of the State to such railroad companies or other persons in payment or in lieu of such indorsed bonds or other bonds herein declared illegal or to lend the aid or credit of the State by any act resolution or law to such railroad companies or to other incorporated companies or persons acquiring or succeeding to the rights and franchises of said companies or to buy the railroads of such companies or to submit the question of the liability of the State upon any of the bonds or indorsements upon bonds or other guaranty herein declared illegal fraudulent and void or upon any claim for money advanced upon said bonds indorsements or guaranties or expended by said companies or other person in and about the construction of said railroads to the decision of any court tribunal or person whatever or to pay assume or secure directly or indirectly by any act resolution or law any money advanced or claimed to have been advanced on the bonds indorsements or guaranties herein declared invalid
249
INDEX
to the
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
Note Reference in the Index are made to the Article Section anti Paragraph of the provision referred to the original division of the instrument being strictly followed
A
Absent members of Legislature attendance of compelled
Abuse under arrest or in prison prohibited
Of liberty of speech or press responsibility for
Academy incorporated exempt from taxation
Acceptors suits against where tried
Account of Treasurer to be published quarterly
Accusation copy to be furnished defendant on demand
Acts amending or repealing must describe the law affected
Local and private authority of
Must be signed by President of Senate and Speaker of House
Requiring twothirds voteyeas and nays must be recorded
Adjournment of Legislature be less than a majority
Consent of both Houses required when
Houses failing to agree Governor may adjourn them
Resolutions of not submitted to Governor
Ad valorem Tax on property shall be
Aged and infirm persons entitled to Homestead
Aid of State to any religious denomination prohibited
To any person or corporation by lending credit or taking stock
prohibited
To any person or corporation by donation or gratuity prohibited
Aid of County or City to person or corporation prohibited
Amendments to Appropriation and Revenue bills by Senate
To Constitution
To statute or code form of amendment act
Animals special tax may be imposed on vicious ones
Appeal from one jury to another in Superior and City Courts
From Ordinary to Superior Court
From Justice of the Peace to Jury or Superior Court
Appellate Jurisdiction of the Superior Court
Appointment of Legislator to another office prohibited
By Governor to fill vacancies
Rejected by Senate effect of
Of State School Commissioner
251
A S P
3 4 4
1 1 9
1 1 15
7 2 2
6 16 5
3 7 11
1 1 5
3 7 17
12 1 4
3 7 13
3 7 21
3 4 4
3 7 24
3 7 24
5 1 17
7 2 1
9 1 1
1 1 14
7 5 1
7 16 1
7 6 1
3 7 10
13 1 1
3 7 17
7 2 1
6 4 6
6 6 1
6 7 2
6 4 4
3 4 7
5 1 14
5 1 15
8 2 1

Apportionment of Representatives how changed
Apporprijation Acts authority of
Bills general and special
Bills must originate in House of Representative
Bills yeas and nays must be recorded On
Bills may be approved in aprt
Necessary to authorize payment by Treasurer
For University of Georgia and College for colored pupils
Approval of Governor to Bills
Of Governor to Resolutions and Orders
Arms right of citizens to bearmanner of bearing
Army of the State Governor is Commander of
Arrest abuse under prohibited
Punishment for rescue from under order either House
Privilege of Elector from
Privilege of member Legislature from
Artificial limbs for Confederate soldiers
Assemble right of people to do so guaranteed
Associate Justice of Supreme Court
Atlanta City Court of errors corrected in Supreme Court
Attainder bill of prohibited
Attendance of members of the Legislature compelled
Attendance of members of Legislature privileges during
Attorney right to defend or prosecute by
Right of Defendant in criminal cases to have
General election of
General duties1
General salary
General qualifications
Authority of Constitution treaties laws judgments etc
B
Bail shall not be excessive
Ballot eleetion by the people shall be by
Banishment beyond the State prohibited
Banks may be incorporated by the Legislature
Bequests may be received by the University of Georgia
Bills a number of readings necessary before passage
Majority of all members in favor of necessary to passage
Rejected not again proposed without consent of twothirds
Appropriation and Revenue must originate in House
Appropriations general and special requisites of
Appropriations must be passed by yeas and nays
Revision of by Governor Vetohow overruled
See Local Bills also Acts
A S P
3 3 2
12 1 3
3 7 9
3 7 10
3 7 12
5 1 16
3 7 11
8 6 1
5 1 16
5 1 17
1 1 22
5 1 11
1 1 9
3 7 2
2 3 1
3 7 3
7 1 1
1 1 24
6 2 1
6 2 5
1 3 2
3 4 4
3 7 3
1 1 4
1 1 5
6 10 1
6 10 2
6 13 1
6 14
12 1
1 1 9
2 1 1
1 1 7
3 7 18
8 6 1
3 7 7
3 7 14
3 7 13
3 7 10
3 7S 9
3 7 12
5 1 16
252
A S P
Bond required of Secretary of Senate and Clerk of House 3 8 1
Required of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and
Treasurer 5 2 6
Required of Public Printer 1 7 17 1
Bonded debt not to be increased 7 12 1
Sale of States property to be applied to 7 13 1
Of county or city provisions for meeting 7 7 2
Bonds in cases involving an interested Judge cannot preside 6 2 3
Of State declared void not to be paid or submitted to suit7 11 1
Of Western Atlantic Railroad paid by proceeds of Road 7 13 1
Boundaries of counties to remain as now till changed by law 11 1 1
Bribery Conviction of disqualifies for office or voting 2 2 1
Bridges established by the courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Bridges Ordinarys jurisdiction in matter of 6 6 2
Bridges taxation by county to keep up 7 6 2
Borrowing money by State laws for must specify purpose 7 4 1
Buildings public exempt from taxation 7 22
Public tax by county to maintain 7 6 2
Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Burial places exempt from tax 7 2 2
C
Canal Companies may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18
Capitol location of ordinance Concerning 12 1 8
Capitol site for may be donated to the State 7 6 1
Censure of members of Legislature for misconduct 3 7 1
Certiorari writs of may be issued by Judge Superior Court 6 4 5
Challenge of voter oath to be administered 2 12
Conviction of sending or accepting disqualifies for office 2 4 2
Charitable institutions public exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Public aid from county or city I 7 6 1
Charter of Corporations amended on conditions 4 2 3
Chief Justice of Supreme Court presides in impeachment trials
see Supreme Court 3 5 4
Children legitimatized and names changed by the Courts 3 7 18
Church not to receive money from the State 1 1 14
Citizens of the State who are and right to protection 1 1 25
Of the State entitled to vote when 2 11
City aid by donation of taking stock prohibited 7 6 1
Consent before Street Railroad can be built in 3 7 20
Courts of the State need not be uniform 6 9 1
Court appeals and new trials in 6 4 6
Courts errors corrected in Supreme Court 6 2 5
Court Judge may serve in Supreme Court when 6 5 1
253
Debt to be incurred by limited
Debt bonded provisions for meeting
Debt not to be assumed by State
Debt to be incurred only by authority of City Government
Public schools may be maintained by tax
Civil authority superior to the military
Cases where tried
Cases judgment by Court without jury when
Cases venue how changed
Jurisdiction of Superior Court
Jurisdiction of Justices Court
Clerical expenses of Treasurer Secretary of State and Comptroller
General
Clerk of House of Representatives Compensation and Bond of
Clerks of the Governor
Code sections not amended or repealed by reference to numbers
Colleges exempt from taxation
For colored pupils
Colored pupils College for
Colored and white public schools to be separate
Commissioner of Schools appointed and salary of
Commissioners of county affairs authorized
Commissioners of county affairs authorized
Committee on Local and Special bills
Common Law Courts may be clothed with equity jurisdiction
Common School systemsee Education
Commutation power in the Governor
Tax for military services goes to Schools
Companies incorporation of
Volunteer military organization of
Compensation for private ways and public use of property
Of Clerk of House and Secretary of Senate
Of Jurors how fixed
Extra not granted officers or contractors
Competition arrangements by corporations to defeat void
ComptrollerGeneral must license Life Insurance companies
Supervise deposits of Life Insurance Companies
Officers of Executive Department
Examination suspension and discharge of
Election ofI
Salary and Clerks hire
Eligibility and Bond of
Prequisites not allowed to
Must report to Governor
A S P
7 7 1
7 7 2
7 8 1
7 10 1
8 4 1
1 1 19
6 16 6
6 4 7
6 17 1
6 4 3
6 7 2
5 22 34
3 8 1
5 1 19
3 7 17
7 2 2
8 6 1
8 6 1
8 1 1
8 2 1
6 19 1
11 3 1
3 7 5
6 5 2
8 1 1
5 1 12
8 3 1
3 7 IS
10 1 2
1 3 1
3 8 1
6 18
7 16 2
4 2 4
3 12 2
3 12 3
5 1 1
5 1 18
5 2 1
5 2 4
5 2 6
5 2 7
7 15 1
254
A S P
Confederate Soldiers pensions for 7 11
Public debt not to be paid 7 11 1
Conscience right of not to be controlled 1 1 12
Liberty of does not excuse licentiousness 1 1 13
Consent of parties to vary general law in individual cases 14 1
City to building Street Railroads within its limits3 7 20
Constitution of Georgia may be altered or abolished by the people 15 1
Authority of 12 1 1
Amendments off 13 1
Amendments by Convention 13 1 2
To be submitted to the people1 13 2 1
And United Stateslaws in violation of void 1 4 2
And United States authority of 12 11
Constitutional Convention provisions to call 13 12
Construction of Constitution not to deny rights not enumerated 1 55
Contempt limitation of Courts power to punish for 1 1 20
Either House of General Assembly may punish for 3 7 2
Contested Election for Governor 5 1 6
Contracts laws impairing obligation of void 13 2
By Government releasing power to tax void 4 11
By Government heretofore made not impaired 4 2 6
Between corporations defeat competition void 4 2 4
Judgments on without verdict when 6 4 7
Jurisdiction of Justices Court in cases of 6 7 2
Contractor not to receive extra compensation from Government 7 16 2
Conventionsee Constitutional Convention and Ordinances
Conviction costs not be to exacted of defendant until 1 1 10
Does not work corruption or forfeiture 1 2 3
Of certain offenses disfranchise 2 2 1
Impeachment vote necessary 3 5 4
Dueling disqualifies for office 2 4 2
Copartners suits against where tried 6 16 4
Coroners County Tax to pay7 6 2
Corporate powers what may be granted by Legislature 3 7 18
Corporators not to be damaged by revocation of charter 1 3 3
Corporations subject to police power and eminent domain 4 2 2
Legislation in favor of conditional 4 2 3
Acts of to defeat competition and monopolize void 4 2 4
Rights to tax not to be released 7 2 5
State not to take stock in aid or lend credit to 7 5 1
County or City not to take stock in aid or lend credit to 7 6 1
Donations to from State prohibited 7 16 1
Authority of rights already accrued to 12 1 5
Municipalsee City
255
Costs not payable by defendant till conviction
In Supreme Court
County Commissioners may be created f
v I
Debt to be incurred by limited
Debt not to be assumed by State
Debt bonded provisions for meeting
Not to aid or take stock in Corporation
Public Schools may be maintained by
Matters Ordinarys jurisdiction
Officers election term qualification and removal
Officers and tribunals to be uniform in the State
Is a body corporate suits of and boundaries
New one not to be created
Lines and site how changed
Merger of
Special acts authority of
Corruption of blood not worked by conviction
Courts power to punish for contempt limited
Power in matters denied to Legislature
Of the State
Not mentioned in Constitution may be abolished
Of Common Law may be vested with equity jurisdiction
Of same grade throughout State must be uniform
Courts tax to pay expenses of
Jurisdiction against Homestead denied
Authority of judgments and decrees of
Existing judgments and decrees of ratified
See also Supreme Superior City and Justice Courts
Credit of State not to be pledged to Corporations or persons
Creditors law to be provided for reaching concealed property of
debtor
Not to be damaged by revoation of Charter
Crime conviction in what cases disfranchises
Lobbying declared tobeI
Criminal cases Jury judges of law and fact
Judge may grant new trial on conviction
Jurisdiction of Superior Court
Rights of defendant in
Where tried
Venue when changed
D
Damages jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of Death pf Governor vacancy how filled
A S P
1 1 10
6 21 1
6 19 1
11 3 1
7 7 1
7 8 2
7 7 1
7 6 1
8 4 1
6 6 2
11 2 1
11 3 1
11 1 1
11 1 2
11 1 34
11 1 5
12 1 4
1 2 3
1 1 20
3 7 18
6 1 1
6 20 7
6 4 2
6 9 1
7 6 2
9 2 1
12 1 5
12 1 6
7 5 1
1 2 6
1 3 3
2 2 1
1 5 5
1 2 1
1 2 1
6 4 1
1 1 5
6 16 6
6 17 1
6 7 1
5 1 1
256
A S
Officer vacancy how filled 5 1
Debate liability of Legislators for words spoken in 3 7
Debts Public taxation to pay 7 1
Public new debt contracted to pay 7 3
Power of State to contract restricted 7 3
Of County taxation to pay 7 6
Power of City or County to Contract restricted 7 7
To be incurred by City only on authority of City Government 7 10
Of County or City not to be assumed by State 7 8
Void and Confederate against State not to be paid 7 11
Debtor Concealing Property provisions against 1 2
May waive Homestead 9 3
May waive Exemptions of the old Codei 9 5
Decrees of Court authority and ratification of 12 1
Defaulters of public moneys disqualified for Legislature 3 4
Defend or prosecute in person or by attorney right to 1 1
Defense under oath not filed Court to render judgment when 6 4
Of Statedebts may be contracted for 7 3
Deficiency of Revenue in State supplied by borrowing 7 3
Of Revenue in City and County supplied by borrowing 7 7
Deposits required of Insurance Companies 3
Of public funds Treasurer to receive no profit from 5 2
Disabilities may be removed by Governor 5 1
Discrimination in Tariff by Railroad regulated 4 2
Disorderly behavior in presence of Legislature punished 3 7
Disqualification to hold office or vote 2 2
Religious opinion is not 1 1
To hold office in more than one departmenti 1 1
Of illegal holders of public money1 2 4
Of duelistst 2 4
For Legislature and legislator to other office 3 4
Resulting from impeachment 3 5
Of Judge or Supreme Court who presides 6 2
Judge of Superior Court who presides 6 4
Judge of Superior Court when there is a City Judge 6 5
Of interested Judge in bond cases 6 2
District Senatorial number composition and change of 3 21
Divorce exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4
First and second verdicts in cases of 6 15
Suits where tried 6 16
Domestic animals of vicious nature special tax on 7 2
Animals tax on goes to educational purposes7 8 1
Donations by State prohibited7 16
By State to University allowed 8 6
Drawer and Acceptor suits against where tried 8 16
P
14
3
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
6
1
1
56
7
4
7
1
1
1
12
5
12
1
12
1
13
13
1
2
7
5
2
9
1
3
23
1
12
1
1
1
1
1
5
257
Dueling conviction of disqualifies for office
E
Education Common School System established
Commissioner of Public Schools
Confined to English in local public schools
Confined to English in State public schools
Poll Tax for purpose of
Special Tax for purposes of
Taxation for purposes of by State
Taxation for purposes of by City or County
Appropriations for purposes of by City or County
Election by the people shall be by ballot
By the Legislature shall be viva voce
Days furnishing Liquor on prohibited
Privileges of Electors while attending
Precincts changed by Courts not Legislature
Returns where made
Of members General Assembly
Members General Assembly each house to judge of
President of the Senate
Speaker of the House of Representatives
Governor
Governor returns how made
Returns opened and published
Governor by General Assembly
Contested
Special
To fill vacancies in General Assembly
Of Secretary of State Comp Genl and Treasurer
Judges of Supreme Court
Judges of Superior Court
Judges of Supreme Superior Courts and Sol Genl
Justices of the Peace
Attorney General
By City or County on creating a new debt
City or County on School question
To change County Site
Merge one County into another
Election of County officers
On amendments to Constitution
Ratification of Constitution
Electors who shall be so deemed
Registration of may be provided for
A 2 S 2 P
8 1 1
8 2 1
7 6 2
8 1 1
7 2 3
8 3 1
7 1 1
7 8 2
7 6 1
2 1 1
3 10 1
2 5 1
2 3 1
3 7 18
2 6 1
3 4 2
3 7 1
3 5 2
3 6 2
5 1 3
5 1 4
5 1 5
5 1 5
5 1 6
5 1 9
5 1 13
5 2 1
6 2 4
6 3 2
6 12 1
6 7 3
10 1
7 7 1
8 4 1
11 1 4
11 1 5
11 2 1
13 1 1
13 2 1
2 1 2
2 2 1
258
A S P
Privileges of while attending elections 2 3 1
Embezzlement of public funds disfranchises2 2
Eminent Domain not to be abridged in favor of Corporations 4 22
Encumbrances Homestead liable for removal of 9 2 1
Endorsers suits against where tried 6 16 5
Equal Rights not to be infringed by Corporations 4 2 1
Equity Cases where tried g jg 3
Jurisdiction is in Superior Court 6 4 1
Jurisdiction may be conferred on Common Law Courts 6 4 2
Errors in Superior and City Courts corrected in Supreme Court 6 2 5
Of inferior judicatories corrected by Certiorari 6 4 5
Eastate not forfeited by Conviction 12 3
Excessive Bail and Fines forbidden 119
Executive Legislative and Judicial Department are distinct 1 1 23
Department officers of 5 j j
Department officers of report suspension and removal of 5 1 18
Powers vested in Governor 5 12
Exemption from Taxation and void Exemption 7 22 45
From Levy and Sale 9 11
From Levy and Sale waiver of 9 3 1
From Levy and Sale under DebtorsAct not repealed 9 4 1
From Levy and Sale under DebtorsAct waiver 9 5 1
Exhibitions special tax on goes to public schools 8 3 1
Expense of Clerks and Secretaries to Governor 5 1 18
Of Clerks of Secretary of State Comptroller General and Treas
uref 5 22 34
Ex Post Facto Law not to be passed 13 2
Express Companies chartered by Legislature 3 7 18
Expulsion of Member of General Assembly for misconduct 3 7 1
Extra session of Legislature before November 1st 1878 3 4 3
Sessions of Legislature may be called by Governor 5 1 13
Compensation not to be allowed by Government 7 16 2
F
Family each Head of entitled to Homestead 9 1 1
Fees not allowed officers of Executive DepartmentC 5 2 7
Not allowed Attorney General 6 13 1
Felony exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1
Females persons having care of entitled to Homestead 9 11
Ferries established by Courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Ordinarys jurisdiction concerning g 6 2
Fimes imposed must not be excessive I l 9
Imposed on member of Legislature for misconduct 3 7 1
Fire Insurance Companies deposit required of 3 12 4
25
A S P
Foreign Power Governor to receive no Emolument from 5 12
Forfeiture of Estate not brought about by conviction 12 3
Of Recognizance relieved against when 3 7 19
Of Charter remitted only on conditions 4 2 3
Fraud Legislature may provide Punishment for 12 6
Judgments attacked for 12 1 5
Free Schoolssee Educationi 8 1 1
Freight on Railroads subject to regulation by law 4 2 1
Rebate not allowed nor deceit as to amount charged 4 2 5
Furniture Waiver of Exemption not good against all 9 3 1
Funds of county Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Of Public officers not to profit from use of 7 9 1
Sinking provided for 7 14 1
G
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Consisting of Senate and House is the Legislative power 3 1 1
Members of elected for two years 3 4 1
Election when held 3 4 2
Election returns where made 2 6 1
Attendance of required z 3 4 4
Oath of 3 4 5
Who are disqualified to be 3 4 7
Disqualified for certain other offices 3 4 7
Not to profit from use of public funds 7 9 1
Not to be interested in public printing 7 17 1
Seats of vacted by removal 3 4 8
Punished for misconduct in each House 3 7 1
Privileges of S 3 7 3
Per diem and mileage of 3 9 1
Majority of all necessary to passage of bill 3 7 14
Officers of who are 3 8 1
Quorum of to transact business 3 4 4
Adjournment by less than a quorum 3 4 4
Adjournment for more than three days etc 3 37 24
Election by shall be viva voce 3 10 1
Of Judges of Supreme Court by 1st elettion 6 2 4
Of Judges of Superior Court by 1st election 6 3 2
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts and Solicitors General 6 12 1
Of Governor by when 5 15
Of Governor contested determined by 5 1 6
May pardon commute or reprieve for treason 5 1 12
May direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3 1
260
A S P
Sessions of are annual 3 4 3
Of limited to 50 days 3 4 6
Of extra may be called by Governor5 1 13
Of joint held in Representative Hall 3 10 1
Each House of may compel attendance of members 3 4 4
Is judge of election and qualification of its members 3 7 1
May punish for misconduct 3 7 12
Must keep a Journal37 4
Has general power of legislation3 7 22
HAS POWER BY LAW TO
Provide punishment for fraud 12 6
For registration of voters 2 2 1
For removal Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer 5 1 18
For appeals in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6
For appointments of Judge pro hac vice 6 4 9
Commissioners for county affairs 6 19 1
For organizing the Militia 10 1 1
Prescribe manner of bearing arms 1 1 22
Number of Jurors in Inferior Courts 6 18 1
Who shall vote on School questions 8 4 1
Change Senatorial Districts when 3 2 3
Apportionment of Representatives 3 3 2
Governors Salary by two thirds vote 5 1 2
Salaries of Judges Attorneys and Solicitors General 6 13 2
Substitute another officer for School Commissioner 8 2 1
Established Courts 6 11
Abolish Courts not named in Constitution 6 20 2
Confer Equity jurisdiction on Common Law Courts 6 4 2
Authorize formation of Volunteer Companies 10 1 2
Require Fire Insurance Companies to make deposit 3 12 4
Subject corporate property to public use when 4 2 1
Sell States property 7 13 1
Make donations to University of Georgia 8 6 1
Make donations to Colleges for colored people8 6 1
Amend Constitution in manner prbvided 13 1 1
Call Constitutional Convention as provided 13 1 2
SHALL BY LAW
Limit power of Courts to punish for Contempt 1 1 20
Protect citizens in their right 1 1 25
Provide penalty against Lottery Agents 1 2 4
261
A S P
Provide penalty against Lobbying 12 5
Prohibit furnishing Liquor on election days 3 5 1
Provide penalty against Treasurer receiving unlawful fee 5 2 5
Provide for reaching concealed property of Debtor 1 2 6
Compel Insurance Companies to report to Governor 3 12 5
Regulate Freight and Passenger Tariff 4 2 1
Enforce provisions against monopolies etc 4 2 7
Establish uniformity in local tribunals 6 9 1
Provide for selection and compensation of jurors 6 18 23
A sinking fundjl 7 14 1
For letting Public Printing to highest bidder 7 17 1
Setting apart and valuation of Homestead 9 4 1
For appeals in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6
SHALL NOT PASS ANY LAW
To restrain or curtail liberty of speech or press 1 1 15
Respecting social status of citizens 1 1 18
Of Attainder ex post facto impairing contracts 13 2
Making irrevocable grants of special privileges 1 3 2
To revokfe grants to injury of creditors of corporators 13 3
Of special nature when general law provides 14 1
Varying general laws affecting private rights without consent 14 1
In violation of Constitution of Georgia or the United States 14 2
Referring to more than one matter or different form title 37 8
Incorporating companies except for class named 3 7 18
Relieving against recognizances except as stated 3 7 19
Authorizing Street Railroad in city without citys consent 3 7 20
For benefit of particular corporations except on conditions 4 2 3
Authorizing one corporation to buy stock in another County or
City to aid persons or corporations 7 6 1
Payment of void bonds or Confederate debts 7 11 1
Granting donation or gratuity to persons or corporations 7 17 1
Extra compensation to officers or contractors 7 16 2
See Tax
God may be worshipped according to dictates of conscience 1 1 12
Governor an officer of the Executive Department 5 1 1
Executive powers vested in 5 12
Salary term and limitations of terms of office 5 12
Election installation and terms of election of 5 1 14
Of by the Legislature when 5 15
Qualification and oath of 5 17 10
Death resignation or disability of 5 18
Secretary and Clerks of 5 1 19
Is Commander of the Army and Conservator of the Peace 5 11 11
262
Examine and Publish Report of Comptroller and Treasurer
Government originates with people duty of
Exclusive right of the people to regulate
Legislature Executive and Judicial Departments distinct
Irrevocabls of special privileges void
A S P
3 7 24
6 1 13
5 3 1
5 1 12
5 1 12
7 14 1
6 10 2
5 1 13
5 1 14
6 12 1
8 2 1
6 2 2
6 8 1
7 15 1
13 2 2
3 4 7
5 1 15
5 1 17
5 1 18
1 1 12
1 5 1
1 1 23
7 1 1
4 1 1
1 3 2
1 3 3
5 3 1
9 1 1
H
Habeas Corpus Writ shall not be suspended
Under
1 1 11
9 1 1
9 1 1
9 2 1
9 3 1
9 4 1
9 6 1
9 7 1
12 1 8
9 8 1
9 9 1
9 4 1
9 5 1
263
A S P
House secure from search except as provided 1 1 16
Soldiers not to be quartered in except as provided 1 1 19
Of RepresentativesSee Representatives
Household Furniture waiver of exemption on 9 3 1
Husbands debts wifes property not liable for 3 11 1
I
Idiots disqualified to vote or hold office 2 2 1
Immunities spscial not to be irrevocably granted 1 3 2
Notto be revoked so as to work justice 13 3
Impeachment power in House of Representatives 3 6 3
Power to tryin the Senate3 5 3
Chief Justice to preside at trial of 3 5 4
Vote necessary to convict 3 5 4
Effect of convictiongf 3 5 5
Governor cannot pardon in case ofj 5 1 12
Imprisonment abuse under forbidden 11 9
For debt prohibitedi 1 1 21
For misbehavior in presence of Legislature 3 7 12
Improvement on Homestead is part of9 2 1
Indictment copy to be furnished defendant on demand 1 1 5
Inferior Judicatories errors of corrected by Certiorari 6 4 5
Infirm persons entitled to Homestead 9 1 1
Inherent rights not enumerated and not denied 1 5 2
Insane persons not entitled to vote or hold office 2 2 1
Inspection by Governor of Executive Officers 5 1 18
Installation of Governoryi 5 1 3
Insurance Department expense of 5 2 4
Companies to make reports to Governor 3 12 5
Chartered by Legislature 3 7 18
Fire deposit made with Treasury 3 12 4
Foreign and Home Life deposits required 3 12 13
Foreign Life Comptroller General to license 3 12 2
Interest on Public Debt taxation authorized to pay 7 11
Intoxicating drinks not to be furnished on election days 2 5 1
Insurrection and invasion in time of Bills may pass summarily 7
Tax to suppressi 7 1 1
Bonded debt incurred to suppress 7 12 1
Debts contracted to suppress 7 3 1
Contracted by city or county to suppress assumed by State 7 8 1
Invasionsee Insurrection
Investment of funds raised by sale of homestead 9 3 1
Irrevocable grants of special privileges void 13 2
264
A S P
J
Jeopardy more than once for same offense prohibited 118
Joint obligors suit against where tried 6 16 4
Owner m property State shall not become 7 5 1
Journal each House of the General Assembly shall keep 3 7 4
Original preserved in the office of Secretary of State 3 7 5
Yeas and nays to be recorded in at request of onefifth 3 7 6
Yeas and nays to be recorded in when two thirds vote is required 3 7 21
Must show majority of all members voted for bills passed 3 7 14
Must contain proposed amendments to Constitution 13 1 1
Of House must contain vote of elections by Legislature 3 10 1
Judge disqualified to preside in bond cases if interested in the bonds 6 2 3
Pro hac vice Legislature may authorize 6 4 9
May grant new trials in cases of conviction 1 2 1
See Supreme Superior and City Courts
Judicial Legislative and Executive Departments distincti 1 1 23
Powers of the State where vested 6 11
Judiciary to declare unconstitutional acts void 1 4
Judgement of Impeachment extent of 3 5 5
Of Supreme Court may be withheld one term 6 2 7
Without verdict of Jury when 6 4 7
Of Courts authority of 12 1 5
Heretofore rendered ratified 12 1 6
Jurisdiction of Supreme Court 6 2 5
Of Superior Court 6 4 1
Of Superior Court Appellate 6 4 4
Of Ordinary 6 6 1
Of Ordinary County matters 6 62
Of Justices of the Peace 6 7 2
Against Homestead denied9 2 1
Jury right of trial by an impartial115
Right of trial by Guaranteed 6 18 1
Judges of law and fact in criminal cases 12 1
Appeal from one to another in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6
From Justice of ihe Peace to 6 7 2
Grand to recommend Commissioned Notary for appointment 6 8 1
Grand and Traverse selection and qualification of 6 18 2
Compensation of how fixed 6 18 3
Tax by county to pay 7 6 2
Justice of the Peace may be member of Legislature 3 4 7
Part of Judiciary 6 11
Election Commission and removal of 6 7 3
Termof 6 7 1
Jurisdiction Sessions and Appeals 6 7 2
Ex Office 6 8 1
265
Kitchen furniture waiver of exemption of 9 3
L
Labor done on Homestead Jlomestead is liable for 9 2
Land cases involving title to brought in Superior Court 6 4
Cases involving title to tried at what place 6 16
Homestead and Exemption on 9 1
Larceny conviction of disfranchises 2 2
Law due process of required to affect rights of persons 1 1
Laws of general nature must have uniform operation 1 4
Of general nature affecting private rights how varied 1 4
Unconstitutional are vqid 1 4
For more than one matter or different from title void 3 7
Majority vote of all members necessary to pass 3 7
For tax shall be general 7 2
Not repealed or amended by reference to title alone 3 7
For borrowing money must be specific 7 4
To change county lines must be a general law 11 1
Of general operation 12
Of United States authority of 12 1
Of Georgia authority of 12 1
Local and special authority of 12 1
See Local also General Assembly
Learning Seminaries of exempt from taxation 7 2
Legislative power is in the General Assembly 3 1
Executive and Judicial Departments distinct 1 1
LegislatureSee General Assembly
Legitimate Children power in Courts 3 7
Levy and Sale exemptions from 9 1
Libels in presecutions for truth may be given in evidence 1 2
Liberty person to be deprived of only by due process of law 1 1
Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense 1 1
Of Conscience not to be controlled 1 1
Of speech or press not to be curtailed 1 1
Libraries Public may be exempt from taxation 7 2
Licentiousness not excused on account of liberty of Conscience 1 1
Life person not to be deprived of but by due process of law 1 1
Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense 1 1
Crimes involving jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4
See Insurance
Lines of County to be changed under operation of general law 11 1
Liquor special tax on for Educational purposes 8 3
Not 16 be furnished on Election days 2 5
P
1
1
1
2
1
1
3
1
1
2
8
14
1
17
1
3
1
3
2
2
1
23
18
1
1
3
12
15
2
13
3
8
1
3
1
1
266
A S P
List of witnesses to be furnished to defendant on demand 11 5
Litigation tax by County to pay expenses of J 7 6 2
Literary Associations may be exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Loans to State for casual deficiencies of revenueC 7 3 1
County or City for canal deficiencies of revenue 7 7 1
Of sinking Fund by Governor and Treasurer 7 14 1
Lobbying is a crimeLegislature must provide a penalty 1 2 5
Publication of before passed 3 7 15
Acts authority ofu 12 1 4
School Systems existing not affected hereby 8 5 1
Lottery Tickets sale of prohibited1 2 4
M
Macon and Brunswick Railroad if sold proceeds where applied 7 13 1
Majority of each branch of Legislature constitute quorum 3 4 4
Of all members of each House necessary to pass bilLl 3 7 14
Malfeasance in office disfranchises 2 2 1
Malpractice in office by Justice of the Peace removal for 6 7 3
Mandamus issued by Judge of Superior Court 6 4 5
Marriage does not divest wife of her property 3 11
Material furnished Homestead it is liable for 9 2 1
Matter different from title not to be contained in bill 3 7 8
Members of General AssemblySee General Assembly
Merger of counties H 1 5
Message of Governor 5 1 13
Mileage of the members of the General Assembly 3 9 1
Military authority subordinate to Civil 1 1 19
Commission except in Militia disqualifies for Legislature 3 4 7
Service commutation for goes to Public Schools 8 3 1
Companies Volunteer organizations 10 1 2
Companies Volunteer paid only when called by State 10 1 3
Militia officers may be members of Legislature 3 4 7
Governor is Commander in chief of 5 1 11
District one Justice of the Peace for each 6 7 1
District one commissioned Notary for each 6 8 1
Organization of may be provided for 10 1 1
Paid only when called out by State 10 1 3
Minors family of entitled to Homestead 9 11
Ministerial officer not to levy on Homestead 9 2 1
Misconduct of member of Legislature how punished 3 7 1
Mistrial in criminal cases authorizes a second trial 11 8
Money not to be donated by State to any Church etc 1 1 14
Illegal holders of public disqualified for office 2 4 1
Public defaulters of disqualified for legislature 3 4 7
267
A S P
Authority and manner of drawing from Treasury 3 7 11
Borrowed by State laws for and use of 7 4 1
Monopoly provisions against4 2 4
Municipal Corporationsee City
N
Namesof children changedby Courtsmtit 3 7 18
Navigation Companies chartered by Legislature 3 7 18
Navy of State Governor is Commander of5 1 11
New trial in criminal cases authorizes second trial 1 1 8
In criminal cases may be granted on conviction 12 1
May be granted by Superior and City Court 6 4 6
Counties not to be formed 11 1 2
Notaries Public commissioned part of Judiciary 6 11
Appointment commission and powers 6 8 1
Novation of Charter what shall so operate 4 2 3
O
Oath of voter if challenged2 12
Of member of General Assembly3 4 5
Of Governor5 1 TO
To pleas 6 4 7
Obligation of contracts not to be impaired by law 1 3 2
Of contracts heretofore made by State binding 4 2 6
Office illegal holders of public money ineligible for 241
Who may not hold 22 1
Impeachment removes from and disqualifies for 3 5 5
Profiting from use of public money disqualifies for7 9 1
Conviction of Duelling disqualifies for 2 4 2
Religious opinion does not disqualify for 1 1 13
In gift of Governor or Legislature legislator disqualified for3 4 7
Malfeasance in disfranchises2 2 1
Officers and trustees of the people and amenable to them Ill
Of one department disqualifies to act in another 1 1 23
Returns of election of where made 2 6 1
Of State or the United States disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7
Of Militia or Justice of the Peace may be legislator 3 4 7
Of General Assembly who are 5 11
Of Executive Department who are 3 8 1
Of Executive Department report suspension and removal of 5 1 18
Profiting from use of public fund punishable7 9 1
Extra compensation to after service prohibited 7 16 2
Not to be interested in Public Printing 7 17 1
268
A S P
Not to levy on Homestead 9 2 1
Of County election removal and disqualification of il 2 1
Of County to be uniform except Commissioners 3 1
Now existing to continue till successor qualified 2 1 7
Order passed by Legislator must have Governors approval 5 1 17
Ordinances rejected not to be again proposed Unless by twothirds vote 3 7 13
Must have but one subject matter and si as title 7 8
Of the Convention authority of 12 1 3
Of the Convention to have effect of lawsi 12 1 8
SeO Ordinances in Appendix
Ordinary Courts of part of Judiciary 6 11
Courts of jurisdiction of 6 6 1
Term of office 6 6 3
Origin of Government is with the people 111
P
Papers scure from search and seizure except as provided 1 1 16
Pardon removes political disabilities of convict 2 2 1
Of Duelists removes political disabilities of convicta 2 4 2
Power in Governor must report to the Legislature a a 5 1 12
Passage of bills reading necessaryaa 3 7 7
Of Bills majority of all members necessary3 7 14
Passenger Tariffrestriction on 4 2 15
Paupers jurisdiction of Ordinarya 6 6 2
Affidavit relieves from costs in Supreme Court a 6 21 1
Tax for support of 7 6a
Paysee Compensation Salary
Peace soldiers not to be quartered in houses in time of 1 1 19
Governor is conservator of 5 i 12
Pentitentiary crimes punishable in to be tried in Superior Court 6 4 1
Per diem of members of the Legislature 3 9 1
Perquisites not allowed officers Executive Department 5 2 7
Not allowed Attorney General 6 13 1
Prom use of public funds by officers punishable 7 9 1
Persons and property to be protected by Government 1 1 2
Not to be molested for religious opinions 1 1 13
Rights not to be affected but by due process of law 1 1 3
May prosecute or defend in person or by attorny 1 1 4
Charged with offenses rights of lib
Life or liberty not to be jeopardized but once for same crime 1 1 8
Houses and papers secure from illegal search 1 1 16
Personalty amount of exemption of from levy and sal 0 1 1
Petitions and remonstrance right of guaranteed 1 1 24
Pleas under oath in certain cases required 6 4 7
369
A S P
Police of the State right of people to regulate 1 5
Power not abridged in favor of corporations 4 2 2
Policyholders in Life Insurance Companies protected 3 12 13
Poll tax not to exceed one dollar 7 2 3
Goes to Educational purposes 8 3 1
Practice in courts of same grade to be uniform 6 9 1
Precincts for elections how changed 3 7 11
President of Senate elected by Senate viva voce 3 5 8
Must sign acts 3 7 13
Per diem 3 9 3
Presides in joint session 3 10 1
Acts as Governor when v 5 11
Press liberty of not tp be curtailed 1 1 18
Printing public to be let to lowest bidder 7 17 5
Prisoners not to be abused 1 1 9
Tax for support of by counties 7 6 2
Private ways to be allowed only compensation paid 13 1
Acts authority of 12 1 4
Rights accrued by law authority of 12 1 5
Privileges special not to be irrevocably granted 1 3 2
Special not to be Tevoked so as to do injustice 1 3 3
Probate jurisdiction in Ordinary 6 6 1
Proceedings of Legislature to be kept in journalsl 3 7 4
Of courts of same grade to be uniform6 9 1
Process of law necessary to affect persons in their rights 113
Proclamation of Governor calling extra Session 5 1 13
Of Governor on Ratification of Constitution 13 2 2
Prohibition writs of issued by Judge of Superior Court 6 4 5
Prolongation of Legislative session by two thirds vote 3 4 6
Resolutions not submitted to Governor 3 7 23
Promissory notes suits on where tried 6 16 5
Property of persons not to be molested for religious opinions 11 13
Protection to shall be impartial and complete 11 2
Not taken for public use without compensation 13 1
Concealed by debtor to be reached by law 12 6
Of wife not subject to husbands debts j 3 11 1
List of exempt from taxL 7 2 2
Amount Of exempt from levy and sale 9 1 1
Protection to person and property paramount duty of Government 112
Prosecution rights of defendants in cases of 11 5
Provision waiver of exemption of restrictedl 9 3 1
Public Funds embezzlement of disfranchises 2 2 1
Officer not to receive profit from use of 7 9 1
Treasurer not to receive profit from use of 5 2 5
See Money
270
A S P
Public use of private property without compensation prohibited 1 3 1
Buildings jurisdiction of Ordinary 6 6 2
Buildings tax by county for authorized 7 6 2
Debt and institutions tax for 7 l J
Property charitable institutions and libraries exempt from tax 7 2 2
Printing let to lowest bidder 7 17 1
Printing officers of Government not to be interested in 7 17 1
School systemssee Education 8 11
Publication of ones sentiments right of not to be curtailed 1 1 15
Journal of General Assembly 3 7 4
Receipts and disbursements of Treasury 3 7 11
Intention to introduce Local Bills 3 7 15
Reports of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 7 15 1
Proposed amendment to Constitution 13 1 1
Punishment of crime by whipping or banishment prohibited 1 1
For contempt by Courts limited 1 1 20
Not to be cruel or unusual 119
Purchase of State Bonds with sinking fund 7 14 1
Money homestead liable for 9 2 1
Purchaser of old Homestead how affected 9 8 1
Q
Qualification for Governor 5 17
For Senator 2 5 1
For Representative 3 6 1
Each House to judge of as to its own members 3 7 1
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 6
Judge Supreme and Superior Courts Solicitor and Attorney
General 6 14 11
County officers 11 2 1
Quarantine tax by county for expenses of 7 6 2
Quorum of each branch of Legislature is a majority 3 4 4
Of Supreme Court1 6 2 1
R
Railroad may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18
Freights and Tariff subject to legislation 4 2 1
May build branch roads free from conditions of 4 2 3
Shall not deceive public as to rates 4 2 5
See Corporations
Railway Street not to run in City without its consent 3 7 20
Rates of freight and passage subject to legislation 4 2 1
Public not to be deceived as to amount charged 4 2 5
271
A S
Realty Homestead of9 1
Rebate of rates charged by Railroad not allowed 4 2
Recognizance when Legislature may relieve from forfeiture qf 3 7
Reelection Governor not eligible for four years after two terms 5 l
Registration of Electors may be required by law 2 2
Rejection of nomination by Senate effect of 5 1
Of bill by Legislature effect of 3 7
Religious opinion civil and political rights not affected by1 1
Denominations not to receive money from State1 1
Worship places of may be exempt from tax 7 2
Remittance of sentence in power of Governor 5 1
Of forfeited Charter only on conditions 4 2
Remonstrance and petition right of guaranteed 1 1
Removal of legislator from district vacates his seat 3 4
Of disabilities in power of Governor 5 1
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 1
Of Justice of the Peace for malpractice7
Of County Officers 11 2
From office effect of impeachment 3 5
Repeating law form of 3 7
Reports of Insurance Companies to the Governor 3 12
Of Treasurer and Comptroller to the Governor 7 15
Representatives election and term of 3 4
Qualification of 3 6
House of part of General Assembly 3 1
Number and apportionment of members of 3 3
Apportionment how changed 3 2
Representatives House of Speaker of how elected 3 6
Clerk of compensation and bond of 3 8
Impeaching power vested in 3 6
Local and Special bills must originate in 3 7
Appropriation and Revenue bills must originate in 3 7
Journal ofsee Journal
Representation of Constitutional Convention apportionment of 13 1
Reprieve in power of Governor 5 1
Residence requisite to vote 2 1
Resignation of Governor who acts in case of 5 1
Resolutions of appropriation must be passed by yeas and nays3 7
Requiring Governors approval 5 1
Requiring a two thirds vote yeas and nays must be recorded 3 7
Having effect by law result of rejection 3 7
Retroactive legislation prohibited 1 3
Returns of election of Legislators each House to judge for itself 3 7
To whom made 2 6
Of Governor how made5 1
P
1
5
19
2
1
15
13
13
14
2
12
3
24
8
12
18
3
1
5
17
5
1
12
1
1
1
2
2
1
3
15
10
2
12
2
8
12
17
21
13
2
1
1
4
272
A S
Of Governor how published 5 1
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2
On ratification of Constitution 13 2
Revenue bills must originate in House of Representatives 3 7
Deficiencies of in State supplied by loans 7 3
Deficiencies of in County or City 7 7
And roads County Commissioners for 11 3
Rights not enumerated are not denied 1 5
Roads jurisdiction in Ordinary 6 6
Tax for keeping up by County 7 6
And revenue County Commissioners for 11 3
S
Sailor in U S Service not entitled to vote because not stationed here 2 1
Salary of GovernorS 5 l
Of Treasurer Secretary of State and Comptroller 5 22
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts Attorney and Solicitors General 6 13
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts how changed 6 13
Of State School Commissioner 8 2
Sale of States property proceeds to go to public debts 7 13
Exempt from 9 1
Of Homesteads how affected 9 3
Of old Homestead heretofore made ratified 9 8
Savannah errors of City Court of corrected in Supreme Court 6 2
Scire Facias writ of issued by Judge Superior Court 6 4
Schools Public how established by City or County 8 4
Public existing local system not affected 8 5
Not public may share school fund when 8 5
See Education
Seal Great use and design of 5 8
Search of persons houses and papers warrant for 1 1
Seconds in Duel on conviction disqualified for office 2 4
Secretary of State returns of election to be made to 2 1
Officer of Executive Department 5 1
Election of1l 5 2
Salary and Clerk hire of 5 2
Eligibility and Bond of 5 2
Perquisites to forbidden 5 2
Is keeper of Great Seal 5 3
Senate compensation and bond of 3 8
Governor compensation of 5 1
Securities on forfeited recognizances when relieved 3 7
Seizure of persons and papers provisions against 1 1
P
1
5
2
10
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
34
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
5
5
1
1
1
1
18
2
9
1
1
3
6
7
1
1
19
19
16
273
A S
Seminaries of learning may be exempt from tax 7 2
Senate is a branch of General Assembly 3 1
Consists of ol membersT 3 2
May propose amendments to appropriation and revenue bills 3 7
Impeachment to be tried before 3 5
Senate nomination rejected by effect of 5 1
President and Secretary ofSee President and Secretary
Senatorial Districts number composition and change of 3 21
Senators number not to be increased 3 2
Election and term of 3 4
Qualification of 3 5
Sentence commuted or remitted by Governor 5 1
Servitude involuntary except as punishment for crime prohibited 1 1
Sessions of General AssemblySee General Assembly
Of Supreme Court 6 2
Of Superior Court 6 4
Of JusticesCourt 6 7
Setting aside Homestead laws to be provided for 9 4
Shares in one corporation not enough to be bought by another to
monopolize 4 2
Shows special tax on goes to education purposes 8 3
Sinking fund provided for 7 14
Site of county how changed 11 1
Slavery forbidden 1 1
Social status of citizens not subject of legislation 1 1
Soldiers not to be quartered in private houses except when 1 1
Of TJ S not to vote on account of being stationed here 2 1
Artificial limbs for maimed Confederates 7 1
Solicitors General term of office and duties of 6 11
Election by the Legislature 6 12
Salary of 6 13
Qualification of 6 14
Speaker of House of Representatives how elected 3 6
Must sign Acts 3 7
Per diem of 3 9
Acts as Governor when 5 1
Special lawr not to be enacted when provision is made by general law 1 4
Changing general law in particular cases how passed 1 4
For benefit of corporation conditional 4 2
Election of Governor 5 1
See Local
Speech Liberty of nQt to be Curtailed1 1
State aid to corporations or persons in any manner prohibited 7 5
State aid by donation prohibited 7 16
To religious denomination prohibited 1 1
274
P
2
1
1
10
3
15
2 3
3
12
1
12
17
5
8
2
1
4
1
1
4
17
18
19
2
1
12
1
1
1
2
13
1
8
1
1
3
9
15
1
1
14
A S P
Printer office abolished 7 17 1
State School Commission election and term 8 21
Statement of Treasurer to be published 3 7 11
Stockholder in corporation State county or city not to be 7 56 1
Street railroad not to run in city without consent of authorities 3 7 20
Suits may be brought by or against counties 11 1 1
Against State to test void or Confederate bonds prohibited 7 11 1
See Venue
Superior Court is part of Judiciary 6 11
Jurisdiction of exclusive 6 4 1
Jurisdiction of general and appellate 6 4 34
Jurisdiction of to issue extra writs j 6 4 5
Appeal and new trials in 6 4 6
Appeal from Ordinary to1 6 6 1
Appeal from Justices to 6 7 2
Sessions of 6 4 8
Judge one for each circuit and term of 6 3 1
Election of 6 12 1
Salary and qualification of 6 1314 1
May change venue when 6 17 1
May preside in Supreme Court when 6 2 2
May preside in City Court when1 6 5 1
Appoints Notary Public ex officio Justice of the Peace 6 8 1
Sanctions sale of Homesteads 9 38 1
Supplemental Homesteads laws to be provided for 9 5 1
Supreme Court part of Judiciary 6 11
Constitution ofi 6 2 1
Jurisdiction sessions and practiceJ 6 25 67
Cost in and paupers affidavit 6 21 1
Judges election and term 6 2 4
Judges election and vacancies how filled 6 12 1
Salary and qualifications of 6 1314 1
When disqualified in particular case 6 2 2
Suspension from office of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 1 18
T
Tax to be paid before votingj 2 12
Defaulters ineligible to Legislature 3 4 7
By County Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
By county or city to meet bonded indebtedness 7 7 2
By county or city for school purposes 8 4 1
By county limited to certain purposes762
May be imposed by Legislature for what purpose 7 1 1
275
A S P
Must be uniform ad valorem and by general law 7 2 1
On domestic animals of vicious nature 7 2 1
Exemptions from other exemptions void 7 2 24
Poll for educational purposes 7 2 3
Special for educational purposes 8 3 1
States power to impose not to be restrained 4 1 1
Of corporations not to be surrendered 7 2 5
To raise a Sinking Fund 7 14 1
Lien good against Homestead 9 2 1
Act authority of 12 1 3
Act must originate in the House 3 7 10
Telegraph Companies may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18
Terms of office of Governor 5 1 2
Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 1
Judge of Supreme Court 6 2 4
Judge of Superior Court 6 3 13
Justice of the Peace 6 7 1
Ordinary 6 6 3
Attorney and SolicitorGeneral 6 1011 1
State School Commissioner 8 2 1
County Officers 11 2 1
Members of General Assembly 3 4 1
Testimony criminating himself witness not obliged to give 1 1 6
Title law must not contain matter different from1 3 7 8
To land cases involving where brought 6 16 2
To land cases involving jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1
Treason what is and how convicted of 1 2 2
Conviction of disfranchise 2 2 1
Pardon respite or commutation for 5 1 12
Treasurer election and term of office 5 2 1
Examination by Governor 5 1 18
Officer of Executive Department 5 11
Removal of 5 1 18
Perquisites not allowed 5 2 7
Fee other than salary not allowed to 5 2 5
Salary and Clerks hire of 5 2 2
Bond and qualification of 5 2 6
To receive deposits from Fire Insurance Companies 3 12 4
To make quarterly reports to Governor 7 15 1
And Governor authorized to loan Sinking Fund 7 14 1
Draw money from Treasury in what manner 3 7 11
Treaty force and authority of 12 1 1
Trial a speedy and impartial one is the right of defendant 115
By jury remains inviolate 6 18 1
Tribunals in the various counties to be uniform j 11 3 1
276
Trustees of the people public officers are
The University of Georgia may accept donations etc Families of minor children entitled to Homestead
U
A S P
X 1 1
8 6 1
9 1 1
Unexpired terms of Governor special elections
Judges of Supreme Courtt
Judges Supreme and Superior Courts Attorney and Solicitor
General
Uniformity required in operation of general laws
In county officers and tribunals
In courts of same grade
In taxation
University of Georgia appropriation to
United States Constitution acts in violation of void
Treaties and laws authority of
Soldiers not entitled to vote for being stationed here
o 1 9
6 2 4
6 12 1
1 4 1
11 3 1
6 9 1
7 2 1
8 6 1
1 4 2
12 1 1
2 1 2
V
Vacancy in office of Governor
Judge of Supreme Courti
Judge of Superior Court
Judge of Supreme and Superior Courts and Solicitor General
Members General Assembly
Governor may fill when not otherwise provided
Validity of bonds not to be tried by Judge who is interested
Declared void by Constitution not subject to suit
Valuation of Homestead laws to be provided for
Venue in cases of divorce
Of land titles
Of Equity
Against joint obligors acceptors endorser etc
Civil and criminal generally1
Civil and criminal changed how
Verdicts judgments without when
First and second in divorce cases
Veto of Governor overruled by two thirds vote
Viva voce voting by General Assembly
Void bonds of State not to be paid
Volunteer companies organization of
Not paid unless called out by State
Vote by the people shall be by ballot
Who is entitled toOath of voter
6 1 8
6 2 4
6 3 O
6 12 1
5 1 13
5 1 14
6 2 3
7 11 1
9 4 1
6 16 1
6 16 2
6 16 3
6 16 46
6 16 6
6 17 1
6 4 7
6 15 1
6 7 23
3 10 1
7 11 1
10 1 2
10 1 3
2 1 1
2 1 2
277

A S P
Who is not entitled to 2 2 1
By General Assembly to be viva voce 3 10 1
Of two thirds being required yeas and nays must be recorded 3 7 21
Of two thirds being required does not do away with Governors
approvall 3 7 23
Of two thirds overrides Governbrs veto 3 7 23
Of General Assembly having effect of law submitted to Gover
nort 5 1 17
Of General Assembly in elections must appear in House Join
nallif 3 10 1
W
Waiver of Homestead 8 3 1
Of old exemption 9 5 1
War bonded debt may be increased for purpose of 7 12 1
Debt of county or city for may be assumed by State 7 8 1
Debt may be contracted to defend State in time of 7 3 1
Quartering soldiers in house in time of 1 1 19
Tax to defend State in time of 7 1
Warrant for search how obtained 1 1 16
Ways private may be granted after compensation paid 13 1
Wearing apparel waiver of exemption on limited 9 3 1
Western Atlantic R R if sold proceeds how applied 7 13 1
Whipping as punishment for crime prohibited 117
White and colored public schools to be separate 8 11
Widows pensions provided for 7 1 1
Wifes property is her separate estate after marriage 3 11 1
Wild Land Clerk compensation of 5 2 4
Witnesses in criminal cases rights of defendants as to 115
Not compelled to criminate themselves 1 16
Two necessary to convict of treason 12 2
Worship of God may be according to conscience 1 1 12
Place of may be exempt from tax 7 2 2
YEAS AND NAYS TO BE RECORDED IN JOURNAL
At request of one fifth 3 7 6
On appropriation bills and resolutions 3 7 12
When two thirds vote is required 3 7 21
On amendments to Constitution 13 1 1
278
OCT 3 O 193
sebi s L dvm