Manual of the General Assembly of the state of Georgia, 1915-1916

THE LIBRARY OF
THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
MANUAL
OF THE
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
OF
y
NOV 1 81943
V 0

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT STATE OF GEORGIA
NAT E HARRISGovernor
F R JONESPrivate Secretary to Governor
RAYMONDE STAPLETON Secretary Executive Department
EB T WILLIAMS Warrant Clerk
PHILIP COOKSecretary of State
WILLIAM A WRIGHTComptrollerGeneral
WILLIAM J SPEER WmMlxTreasurer
CLIFFORD WALKER 1AttorneyGeneral
J D PRICECommissioner of Agriculture
M L BRITTAINState School Superintendent
J W LINDSEYPension Oipamissioner
H M STANLEYpCommissioner of Labor
J VAN HOLT NASH AdjutantGeneral
Mrs M B COBB LState Librarian
W McCALLIELState Geologist
E L WORSHAM State Entomologist
R E STALLINGSState Chemist
PETER F BAHNSEN1 State Veterinarian
P B LATIMERKeeper of Public Buildings
CHARLES L DAVISState Game Warden
L L KNIGHTCompiler of Colonial Records
P A METHVINPure Food Inspector
T A CHEATHAMDrug Inspector
W C BRYANTState Oil Inspector
RAILROAD COMMISSION
C M CANDLER Chairman
GEORGE HILLYER
J F GRAY
JAMES A PERRY
PAUL TRAMMELL
PRISON COMMISSION
THE GENERAL LIBRARY
THE UNIVERSITY OF GE0R
R E DAVIDSON Chairanfc
T E PATTERSON
E L RAINEY
GOODLOE H YANCEY Secretary
StATE LIBRARY GIFT lfj
THE
general library Tii n ii Georgia
MEMBERS AND OFFICERS
of the
SENATE OF GEORGIA
1915 and 1916
G OGDEN PERSONS President
FORSYTH
E P DOBBS President Pro Tem
MARIETTA
DEVEREAUX F McCLATCHEY Secretary
ATLANTA
CHARLES P HANSELL Assistant Secretary
THOMASVILLE
L G BRANNON Chief Clerk
GEORGETOWN
CHARLES F RICE Calendar Clerk
ATLANTA
FLYNN HARGETT Messenger
COLUMBUS
I J STEPHENS Doorkeeper
NEWNAN
MEMBERS OF THE SENATE OF GEORGIA FOR SESSION OF 19151916
First DistrictChatham Bryan and Effingham
A A LAWRENCESavannah
Second DistrictLiberty McIntosh Tattnall Toombs and Evans
j B WAYkFlemington
Third DistrictWayne Pierce Appling Jeff Davis and
Bacon
J R THOMAS I Jesnp
Fourth DistrictGlynn Camden and Charlton
L R AKIN Brunswick
Fifth DistrictWare Clinch and Coffee
C A WARD I1Douglas
Sixth DistrictEchols Lowndes Berrien and Tift GEO A PAULK Alapaha
Seventh DistrictBrooks Thomas Colquitt and Grady v J A Carlton Moultrie
Eighth DistrictDecatur Mitchell and Miller vJ W CALLAHAN Bainbridge
Ninth DistrictEarly Calhoun and Baker
W A BUCHANAN Blakely
Tenth DistrictDougherty Lee Worth and Turner vMARK TISON Sylvester
Eleventh DistrictClay Randolph and Terrell
D C PICKETT Dawson
Twelfth DistrictStewart Webster and Quitman
C C TRACYPreston
Thirteenth DistrictSumter Schley and Macon
C R McCRORY ifj IEllaville
6

Fourteenth DistrictDooly Wilcox Pulaski Crisp and
Bleckley
Z V PEACOCK Hawkinsville
Fifteenth DistrictMontgomery Telfair Irwin Dodge Ben Hill and Wheeler
M J PAULK Ocilla
Sixteenth DistrictLaurens Emanuel and Johnson
N L GILLIS Covena P 0
Seventeenth DistrictScreven Bulloch Burke Jenkins and Candler
H A BOYKIN Sylvania
Eighteenth DistrictRichmond Glascock and Jefferson
W J WREN Wrens P 0
Nineteenth DistrictTaliaferro Green and Warren
JNO F HOLDEN Crawfordville
Twentieth DistrictBaldwin Hancock and Washington
J D WALKER HSparta
Twentyfirst DistrictTwiggs Wilkinson and Jones
T R TURNER Haddock
Twentysecond DistrictBibb Monroe and Pike
G O PERSONSForsyth
Twentythird DistrictHouston Crawford and Taylor
T V FAGAN Fort Valley
Twentyfourth DistrictMuscogee Marion and Chattahoochee
y C C MINTER Cusseta
TwentyFifth DistrictHarris Upson and Talbot
W T HARRISON Yatesville
Twentysixth DistrictSpalding Butts and Fayette
H M FLETCHER 1 Jackson
Twentyseventh DistrictNewton Walton Oconee
and Rockdale
W J EAKES Conyers
Twentyeighth DistrictJasper Putnam and Morgan
B E GOOLSBY I Monticello
7
Twentyninth DistrictWilkes Columbia McDuffie and
Lincoln
J B BURNSIDE Thomson
Thirtieth DistrictOglethorpe Madison Elbert and Clarke
A S J STOVALL Elberton
Thirtyfirst DistrictHart Habersham Franklin and
y Stephens
T B BONNER Lavonia
Thirtysecond DistrictWhite Dawson and Lumpkin
L S BAILEY Dawsonville
Thirtythird DistrictHall Banks Jackson and Barrow
J 0 ADAMSGainesville
Thirtyfourth DistrictGwinnett DeKalb and Henry
E M SMITHLMcDonough
Thirtyfifth DistrictCobb Fulton and Clayton
JE P DOBBSMarietta
Thirtysixth DistrictCampbell Coweta Meriwether and
Douglas
B F McLAUGHLIN Greenville
Thirtyseventh DistrictCarroll Heard and Troup
E T MOON LaGrange
Thirtyeighth DistrictHaralson Polk and Paulding
j J MANGHAM Bremen
Thirtyninth DistrictMilton Cherokee and Forsyth
jpg R TRAMMELL Alpharetta
Fortieth DistrictUnion Towns and Rabun
PAT HARALSON Blairsville
Fortyfirst DistrictPickens Fannin and Gilmer
ROSCOE PICKETT Jasper
Fortysecond DistrictBartow Floyd and Chattooga
J W M RANSOM Menlo
Fortythird DistrictMurray Gordon and Whitfield
T W HARBIN HCalhoun
Fortyfourth DistrictWalker Dade and Catoosa Jj r McFarland I H Rossviiie
Standing Committees of the Senate
COMMITTEES
ACADEMY FOE THE BLIND
Pickett 41st Dist Buchanan
Chairman ViceChairman
Tison McFarland
Mangham Bailey
Goolsby
AGRICULTURE
Wren Chairman Fagan ViceChairman
Paulk 6th Dist Akin
Callahan Peacock
Paulk 15th List Gillis
Walker Goolsby
Minter Harrison
Eakes Stovall
Dobbs Harbin
Buchanan Way
Haralson Bailey
Adams Eakes
APPROPRIATIONS
Walker Chairman Eakes ViceChairman
Harbin Fagan
Holden Pickett 11th Dist
Gillis Lawrence
Haralson Paulk 15th Dist
Turner Bonner
f Carlton Fletcher
Smith Burnside
Mangham McLaughlin
Dobbs Peacock
Callahan Paulk 6th Dist
11
AUDITING
Paulk 15th Dist
Chairman
Harrison
Tracy
Pickett 41st Dist
ViceChairman
Buchanan Paulk 6th Dist
BANKS AND BANKING
Turner Chairman
Mangham
Peacock
Carlton
Paulk 6th Dist Trammell
Holden ViceChairman
Paulk 15th Dist
Walker
Gillis
Bonner
COMMERCE AND LABOR
Mangham Chairman Gillis ViceChairman
McCrory Akin
Pickett 11th Dist Callahan
Adams
CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS
Smith Chairman Burnside ViceChairman
Lawrence Carlton
Eakes Moon
Ward Boykin
Fletcher Tison
Pickett 41st Dist Dobbs
Paulk 15th Dist Gillis
12
CORPORATIONS
Peacock Qhairman Akin McCrory Minter Ransom Fagan
Thomas ViceChairman Way Wren Adams McFarland
COUNTY AND COUNTY MATTERS
Goolsby Chairman Fletcher Bailey Ward Eakes Holden
Haralson ViceChairman Tracy Harbin Wren Boykin Carlton
EDUCATION
Ransom Chairman McCrory McFarland Smith Fagan Burnside Fletcher Wren Peacock Way Holden
Harrison ViceChairman Walker Harbin Dobbs Stovall Minter Eakes Boykin
Paulk 6th Dist
Lawrence
Trammell
ENGROSSING
Harrison Chairman Haralson ViceChairman Harbin Stovall
Ward Moon
Paulk 15th Dist Mangham
13
ENROLLMENT
Boykin Chairman Way Burnside Minter Haralson
Akin Chairman Thomas Ward Goolsby Boykin McFarland Way Minter Holden
Ransom ViceChairman Callahan Holden Akin
FINANCE
Mangham ViceChairman Pickett 11th Dist Wren Stovall Moon
Pickett 41st Hist
McCrory
Harbin
Tison
GAME AND FISH
Way Chairman Callahan ViceChairman
Peacock Wren
Buchanan Akin
Eakes Dobbs
Pickett 11th Dist Haralson
GENERAL JUDICIARY
Moon Chairman Lawrence Ward
McCrory Fletcher Adams McLaughlin
Boykin ViceChairman Thomas Tison Mintier Burnside Smith Haralson
Pickett 41st Dist
14
HALLS AND BOOMS
Gillis Chairman Moon ViceChairman
Peacock Goolsby
Smith
HYGIENE AND SANITATION Bonner Chairman Stovall ViceChairman
Panlk 6th Dist Goolsby
Ransom
INSURANCE
Fletcher Chairman Wren Fagan McLaughlin Turner Walker Haralson
Tison ViceChairman Akin Holden Moon Way
McFarland
Adams
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS Thomas Chairman McCrory ViceChairman
Ward Turner
McLaughlin
JOURNALS
MinTer Chairman Moon ViceChairman
Fletcher Ransom
Carlton
MANUFACTURES
Pickett 11th Dist
Chairman
Way
Buchanan
Holden
McFarland
Carlton ViceChairman
Akin
Turner
Mangham
15
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Fletcher Chairman
Way W alker Stovall Bailey
McLaughlin
ViceChairman
Lawrence
Goolsby
Moon
MINES AND MINING
Haralson Chairman Adams ViceChairman
Bailey Dobbs
Mangham Pickett 41st Dist
Harbin McFarland
PENITENTIARY
Eakes Chairman Minter ViceChairman
Ward Paulk 6th Dist
Carlton Buchanan
Pickett 11th Dist Way
Wren Harbin
Fagan Burnside
Bonner Haralson
McFarland Trammell
Holden Walker
PENSIONS
Burnside Chairman Tracy ViceChairman
Dobbs Thomas
Way Gillis
Boykin Goolsby
McLaughlin Akin
Harbin Bailey
16
PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS
Bailey Chairman Dobbs ViceChairman
Way Callahan
Paulk 15th Dist
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR
Buchanan Chairman Tison ViceChairman
Thomas Haralson
Fletcher
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Trammell Chairman Smith ViceChairman
Turner Burnside
Holden
PUBLIC PRINTING
McCrory Chairman
Fletcher ViceChairman Walker
Moon
Gillis
PUBLIC PROPERTY Holden Chairman Trammell
Goolsby
Tracy
ViceChairman
McFarland
PUBLIC ROADS
Tison Chairman
Way ViceChairman
I Ransom
Stovall
Gillis
Dobbs
Eiakes
Akin
Harbin
Callahan
McCrory
Peacock
Turner
17
RAILROADS
Callahan Chairman Akin ViceChairman
Haralson
Smith
Panik 15th Dist Pickett 11th Dist Ward Bonner
McLaughlin
Burnside
Trammell
Buchanan
Lawrence
RULES
The President Lawrence
Exofficio Chairman ViceChairman
Paulk 6th Dist Turner
Eakes Smith
Dobbs Carlton
McLaughlin
SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
McFarland Chairman Bailey ViceChairman
Fagan Harrison
Akin Wren
Tracy
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Adams Chairman
Boykin
Lawrence
Thomas
Smith
Ward ViceChairman
Pickett 11th Dist Grillis Harrison Harbin
18

STATE OF THE REPUBLIC
Tracy Chairman Turnee ViceChairman
Dobbs Callahan
Akin Holden
Walker
STATE SANITARIUM
Paulk 6th Dist Bonner ViceChairman
Chairman
Way Thomas
Pickett 41st Dist Buchanan
Stovall Gillis
Boykin Wren
Holden Minter
Harrison Fagan
Eakes Goolsby
Bailey Walker
TEMPERANCE
Harbin Chairman Paulk 15th Dist
ViceChairman
Walker Eakes
StovaJi Ransom
Wren Dobbs
Pickett 41st Dist McCrory
Fletcher Boykin
Turner Ward
Akin Burnside
Mangham Smith
Pickett 11th Dist Lawrence
Paulk 6th Dist
19
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
Stovall Chairman Lawrence
ViceChairman
Ward Paulk 6th Dist
Wren Walker
Bailey Dobbs
Pickett 41st Dist Buchanan
Moon
WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILWAY
Chairman Walker ViceCha
Pickett 11th Dist Akin
Paulk 6th Dist Carlton
Tison Peacock
Gillis Boykin
Holden Turner
Fletcher Eakes
Goolsby Burnside
Lawrence Stovall
McCrory Smith
McLaughlin Moon
Haralson McFarland
Mangham Way
Harrison Buchanan
Fagan Ransom Harbin
20

THE PRESIDENT
Rule 1 The President shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the Senate the President shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the Senate shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lqst But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the President may vote
Rule 3 When two or more Senators shall rise at the same time the President shall name the Senator entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the President unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 5 The method of stating the question on any motion by the President shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the President or a division of the Senate is called for by any one member of the Senate the President shall call upon the Senators in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the Secretary he shall call upon the Senators to reverse their positions and the President shall announce the result
Discretion of President
When President shall vote
Right of Senator to the floor to be decided by the President
President to appoint committees
Method of stating a question by
23
President President may name Senators to preside
Duty of Secretary when President is absent
When no debate on appeals
Appeals to be made at once
Power of President to suspend subordinate officers
When President may order galleries and lobbies cleared
Rule 6 The President may during a days sitting name any Senator to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Rule 7Whenever from any cause the President shall be absent the President pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Secretaryof the Senate shall call the Senate to order and shall preside until a President pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the Senate The President pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shali cease
Rule 8 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Rule 9 All appeals from the decisions of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeg1 shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Rule 10 The President shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the Senate within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the Senate may see fit to take in the premises
Rule 11 The President shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the Senate cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested
24
and brought before the bar of the Senate to be dealt with for contempt of the Senate
Rule 12 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the Senate the President njay order the door of the Senate to be closed and the roll of Senators called by the Secretary and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the Senate and any Senator present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the Senate
Rule 13 The President may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the Senate discloses the fact that a quorum of the Senate has not voted
Rule 14 All questions as to priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the President without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 15 When any Senator is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the Senate he shall arise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr President He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject nor more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken If any Senator in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the Senate the President shall call him to order in which case the Senator so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The Senate shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the Senate be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offence shall be re
No quorum voting duty of President
When President may order vote taken by yeas and nays
Decision on questions of priority
Conduct of Senators in debate
Appeals
25
Expulsion See Rule 147
Exception to words spoken
Silence
Mode of
designating
Senators
Shall not vote when interested in result
proved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the Senate by a twothirds vote of the Senators which said vote shall be taken by ayes and nays
Rule 16 If any Senator be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Secretary and read then admitted denied or explained by the Senator who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the Senate may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the Senate is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been disposed of or until such further time as may then be ordered by the Senate But no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the Senate for words spoken in debate if any other Senator has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Rule 17 The members of the Senate shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking Senator shall have taken his seat
Rule 18 The Senators shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the districts they represent
Rule 19 No Senator shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is personally interested and in every case where the seat of a Sena
26
tor is being contested the sitting Senator and the contestant shall both retire from the Senate before the vote is taken
Rule 20 Any Senator may have entered on the Journal a protest in writing against the action of the Senate said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the Senate nor any member thereof
Rule 21 No Senator shall address the Senate nor interrogate a Senator who is speaking except through the President and if the Senator speaking declines to be interrupted the President shall cause the Senator desiring to interrogate him to be silent
Rule 22 No Senator shall pass between the Chair and a Senator while he is speaking nor shall any Senator at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the President retires
Rule 23 No Senator shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another Senator or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the House except as to the final action taken by the House in any pending matter
Rule 24 No smoking shall be allowed in the Senate Chamber during the Sessions of the Senate nor shall conversation be permitted within the Chamber
Rule 25 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 26 Applause or hisses in the Senate Chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech
Protests
Duty while Senator is speaking and at adjournment
Restrictions in debate
Applause and hisses forbidden
No debate during yeas and nays
Only one motion be made at a time
Explanation
Reading of papers
Motion to excuse when made
Excuses from voting
or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Rule 27 During the calling or reading of ayes and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Rule 28 No Senator can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the Senate he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the President
Rule 29 On all questions except such as are not debatable any Senator on the call of the ayes and nays shall be allowed five minutes as a matter of right in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no Senator shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent No motion or request shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a Senators time for explaining
Rule 30 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any Senator it shall be determined by a vote of the Senate and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 31 A motion to excuse a Senator from voting must be made before the Senate divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the Senator making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
Rule 32 No Senator shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then move to table the bill resolution or motion or move the previous question thereon without relinquishing the floor
28
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 33 Any one Senator may call for a division Call f of the question on a subject in which the sense divisionthereof will admit of it
Rule 34 The Senator calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he howS1made would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself and be consistent and entire
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Rule 35 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar esoiufions and before reading any bill or resolution the second in
or third time the Secretary shall distinctly state its number and the name of the Senator by whom introduced Provided that the General Appropriation Bill and the General Tax Bill shall have precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said bills shall have been finally disposed of
Rule 36 Every motion or request to take up general bills or resolutions out of their regular order Proviso and every motion or request for special orders shall Sin tbe be submitted in writing and reported upon by the in writins Committee on Rules before being submitted to the Senate
Rule 37 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any bill or resolution or other matter requiring reference to a committee the President shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the
Question on first reading
29
Effect of favorable report of committee
Adverse re port of committee
Bills when withdrawn
Reports of committees order of action
same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the Senate In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Secretary and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed
Rule 38 Where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill etc the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question unless recommitted Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill etc on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill etc shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill etc shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Provided that no bill etc adversely reported shall be taken up for a second reading except by motion of some Senator Any bill etc may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the Senate
Rule 39 When a bill etc favorably reported by a committee is on its third or last reading if the report of the committee is disagreed to by the Senate the bill or measure shall be lost unless the action of the Senate in disagreeing to the committee report is reconsidered within the proper time
Rule 40 The President shall not recognize any Senator at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to place any general bill on its passage out of its regular order Neither shall he recognize any request for unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter or to read any bill or resolution the second time or to place any local bill or resolution on its passage except during the first
30
30 minutes after the confirmation of the Journal The President shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 41 Where a bill or a resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the Senate
Rule 42 All bills and resolutions shall be written or printed and shall have the name of the Senator introducing the same as well as the district he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same
Rule 43 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the Senate by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the Senate agreeing thereto
Rule 44 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the House on the day of the passage thereof unless a majority of the Senators present shall so order
Rule 45 The Committee on Rules during the last seven legislative days of each session shall arrange and fix the calendar of business for each day and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing special order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order and manner fixed by such calendar except by a threefourths vote of those present
Bills and resolutions to be in writing
How inddorsed
Bills when printed
Transmission to House bymajority vote
31
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Order of precedence
Not debatale when may be renewed Amendment
When
debatable
When
made
When not to order
Rule 46 When any subject is before the Senate for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st A motion to adjourn
2d A motion to lay on table
3d A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to postpone indefinitely
5th A motion to postpone to a day certain
6th A motion to commit
7th A motion to amend
Which said several motions shall have precedence in the order named
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 47 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the Senate A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
Rule 48 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the Senate is not actually engaged in other business is debatable and is amendable as to the day or time proposed
Rule 49 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the Senator moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 50 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained fl but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Secretary has called the first
32
name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one Senator has been given or after a division of the Senate has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced
Rule 51 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the Senate to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 52 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the Senate is being taken by the yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the Senate is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the Senate shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE
Rule 53 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order
Rule 54 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the Senate is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken from the table it is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 55 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Effect of
adjourn
ment
Hour of adjournment What business postponed
Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table
How matters may be taken
from table
When
renewed
33
Not debat able or amendable
What can be tabled
When in order
Effect of
previous
question
Twenty minutes debate allowed
Rule 56 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
Rule 57 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
Rule 58 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on table is in order
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 59 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except motions to adjourn or to lay on the table and when it is moved the first question shall be Shall the call for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority vote in the affirmative the motion to adjourn or to lay on the table can still be made but they must be made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative and after said last question is affirmatively decided by a majority vote said motions will be out of order and the Senate cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives
Rule 60 When the previous question has been ordered the Senate shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill
34
or other measure is under consideration to close the debate When the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before the time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such Senators as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule
f
Rule 61 After the main question is ordered any Senator may call for a division of the Senate in Sli10 taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays but on all questions on which the yeas and nays are called the assent of onefifth of the number nays represent shall be necessary to sustain the call and saiy neces when such call is sustained the yeas and nays shall be entered on the journal
Rule 62 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the Senate to a Effect of
main ques
vote on pending questions in the order in which orderedlns they stood before it was moved
Rule 63 After the main question has been ordered a motion to reconsider this action will if atonSwhen adopted have the effect to repeal the ordering of in orderboth the main question and the previous question and will leave the pending measure again open to debate and amendment This motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question can be made only once and if lost or if the main question is again subsequently ordered on the pending measure no second motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question shall be entertained
Contested
elections
How called and ordered
Call of the Senate when in order
Questions of order
Effect
Not amendable
Rule 64 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any matter if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member of said committee whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 65 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Rule 66 A call of the Senate shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the President that a quorum is not present
Rule 67 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Rule 68 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Rule 69 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
36
Rule 70 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 71 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has once been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 72 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another This motion cannot be renewed or made a second time to the same measure on the same day
Rule 73 The motion to postpone to a day certain cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but only to the whole measure It is amendable by substituting one day or time for another If a day proposed is known to be beyond the limits of the Session the motion shall be treated as one to indefinitely postpone
MOTION TO COMMIT
Rule 74 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee
When cannot be applied
Not renewed
Debate when and how allowed
Motion to commit
37
Precedence of
When debatable
How
amended
Motion to recommit
Amendments how made
Bill first perfected then the substitute
Rule 75 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on
Rule 76 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 77 A motion to commit my be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the Senator making the motion
Rule 78 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
Motion to Amend
Rule 79 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2d By striking out words
3d By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 80 When a bill or resolution is before the Senate for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the Senate to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as
38
amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmativethe question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 81 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the Senate unless said action of the Senate in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Rule 82 All motions to amend any matter before the Senate must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 83 On all questions whether in committee or in the Senate the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 84 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 85 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Rule 86 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the Senate shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Secretary in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was
When too late to amend
Must be in writing
Priority
Blanks
Caption
when
amended
Amending by sections
39
referred shall be read by the Secretary without any motion being made in the Senate and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur back and amend it
Amendments by striking out and inserting Rule 87 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Secretary shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Priority of amendment to perfect Rule 88 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a paragraph any amendment offered to perfect the paragraph shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
Amending House amend ments Rule 89 When any bill or resolution which originated in the Senate has been amended in the House and is before the Senate for action on the House amendment an amendment may be offered in the Senate to the House amendment but the
See Rule 130 Senate amendment to the House amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Priority Rule 90 A motion to amend an amendment made by the House to a Senate bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Priority of questions on House amendments Rule 91 The questions which arise before the Senate respecting amendments by the House to a Senate bill or resolution are 1st A motion to agree to the House amendment 2d A motion to disagree to the House amendment 3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
40
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order RECONSIDERATION
Rule 92 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any Senator to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter has been previously reconsidered provided such Senator shall notify the Senate of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed
Rule 93 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Rule 94 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Rule 95 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the time for unanimous consents on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Provided a motion to reconsider the action of the Senate ordering immediate transmission of any bill or resolution to the House shall be made and disposed of before the transaction of other business
Rule 96 The action of the Senate upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
Rule 97 All bills reconsidered shall take their 41
Motion to reconsider
Shall not be
withdrawn
when
When there may be one reconsideration
When in order
Amendments when reconsidered
Place of Calendar
place at the foot of calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
Morning
rollcall
dispensed
with by
majority
vote
Names of
absentees
noted
Power to compel attendance
Sergeant
atarms
Call how ordered
Subsequent
proceedings
ABSENTEES
Rule 98 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the Senate shall not be dispensed with except by a majority vote of the Senators present
Rule 99 Upon the call of the Senators ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Secretary and shall appear upon the Journal
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 100 The power to compel the attendance of Senators in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the President and to this end he may have the doors of the Senate closed When the doors are so closed no Senator shall be allowed to retire from the Senate without first obtaining leave from the Senate
The Messenger of the Senate shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the Senate and on order of the President may arrest any absentees and bring them before the Senate when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE SENATE
Rule 101 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present or when the President shall officially state the fact to the Senate it shall be in order for any Senator to make a motion for a call of the Senate and when this motion is made the President shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the Senate prevail and if five of the Senators present shall vote in the affirmative the President shall order the Secretary
42
to call the rell of Senators and the absentees hall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the Senators present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by officers o be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the Senate shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 102 When a message is sent to the Senate it shall be announced at the door of the Senate by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 103 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce vote is being taken A message shall be presented to the Senate by the President when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business on which the Senate is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the Senate
Rule 104 After a motion is stated by the President or read by the Secretary it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Senate but may be withdrawn at any time before decision by consent of the Senate
Rule 105 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the
Messages
Messages when received and considered
Motions
Petitions
memorials
etc
43
No debate
Motions not privileged
Record
Not necessary to second motion
Committees how and when enlarged
Privileges of the floor
petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Rule 106 Any motion to suspend the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate
Rule 107 Any motion not privileged containing new matter shall lie at least one day on the table
Rule 108 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Secretary shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Rule 109 Where a motion is made by any Senator it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the Senate
Rule 110 After the announcement of the standing committees no other Senators shall be placed theron unless it be at the request of a majority of the committee to be added thereto except when Senators have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the President may assign said Senators to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 111 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the Senate except the Senators and officers thereof the officers and members of the House the Governor of the State and the heads or officers of the Executive Department exGovernors Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and Court of Appeals in actual commission expresiding officers of the Senate and House and such others as the Senate may allow upon recommendation of the committee on the privileges of the floor
44
Rule 112 It shall be the duty of the committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the Senate that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Secretary
Rule 113 The hours of the morning sessions of the Senate shall be from ten oclock A M to one oclock P M when the Senate shall stand adjourned until ten oclock A M of the next succeeding day Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 114 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
Rule 115 All writs warrants subpoenas issued by order of the Senate shall be signed by the President and attested by the Secretary
Rule 116 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the Senate while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the President and to execute the demands of the Senate from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the President
Rule 117 The Messenger under the direction of the Secretary shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Rule 118 No committee shall deface or interlint a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendments recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendments relate
Duty of Committee on Journals
Adjourn
ment
Motion for yeas and nays not debatable
Signature of President and Secretary
Duty of Messenger
Messengers duty in distributing documents etc
Interlineation forbidden
45
Pairing
Committee of Con ference
Amend
ments
Free debate
Motion
Majority and minority reports
Rule 119 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Rule 120 Whenever any Senator moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the President shall appoint a committee on the part of the Senate and in such case the committee shall consist only of such Senators as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the Senate and if by inadvertence any Senator be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the Senate and be excused by the President
Rule 121 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the Senate it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the Senate but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 122 No Senator shall after debating any question and before yielding the floor be allowed to submit any motion the effect of which shall be to prevent further debate
Rule 123 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment If a motion be made to strike out a part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend the part proposed to be stricken out shall be first in order
Rule 124 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make areport in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
46
Rule 125 Every motion for information from the Executive or other departments shall lie on the table one day unless referred to a committee by vote of the Senate
Rule 126 On the call of the yeas and nays the Secretary shall read the names of the Senators after they have been called and no Senator shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 127 Questions of privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the Senate collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of Senators individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions Provided that when any matter is pending before the Senate no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question is disposed of
Rule 128 In all elections a majority of the Sen ators present shall be necessary to a choice
Rule 129 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays are called and recorded All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money must originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Rule 130 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal and when any amendment to the Con
What mo tions lie on table
Changing
votes
Questions of privilege
Elections
Appropriating money yeas and nays called and recorded Must originate in House Representatives
Amendment to Constitution entered in full in journals
47
Caption or title only to be read in local bills
Secretary to take oath and give bond
Oath of enrolling and engrossing Clerks
Must be ex amined by enrolling committee and be recommended by it as coippetent
Secretary must enter on journals proceedings of joint sessions
stitution shall be agreed to by a twothirds vote of members elected such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on the Journal in full with the yeas and nays taken thereon
Rule 131 The first and second reading of local bills shall consist of the reading of the titles only unless said bill is ordered engrossed
Rule 132 The Secretary and Assistant Secretary shall before entering on their duties as such take an oath before their presiding officer to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge and the Secretary shall enter into bond in the sum of 5000 conditioned for faithful discharge of his duties Said bond to be approved by President of Senate
Rule 133 All engrossing and enrolling clerks before entering upon the discharge of their respective duties shall take an oath before the President of Senate to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge of which a minute shall be made and entered on the Journals and no journalizing recording enrolling or engiossing clerk shall be appointed by the Secretary of Senate until such clerk has been examined by the Enrolling Committee and certified to be competent and well qualified for the discharge of the duties required of him and shall be removed at any time upon recommendation of the Enrolling Committee
Rule 134 When there is a meeting of both branches of the General Assembly in joint session the Secretary shall enter in the journal of the Senate the proceedings af the same
48
COMMITTEES
Rule 135 The President shall appoint the follow ing standing committees
Committee on Academy for the Blind Committee on Agriculture
Committee on Appropriations
Committee on Auditing
Committee on Banks
Committee on Commerce and Labor
Committee on Congressional and Legislative Re apportionment
Committee on Constitutional Amendments Committee on Corporations
Committee on Education and Public Schools Committee on Engrossing
Committee on Enrollment
Committee on Finance
Committee on Hall and Rooms
Committee on Hygiene and Sanitation Committee on Insurance
Committee on Internal Improvements Committee on Journals
Committee on Judiciary for consideration of gen eral bills
Committee on Judiciary for consideration of spe cial or local bills
Committee on Manufactures
Committee on Military Affairs
Committee on Mines and Mining
Committee on Penitentiary
Committee on Pensions
Committee on Privileges and Elections Committee on Privileges of the Floor Committee on Public Library
I Committee on Public Printing
Committee on Public Property
49
Committee on Public Roads
Committee on Railroads
Committee on Rules of which the President shall be exofficio Chairman
Committee on School for the Deaf
Committee on State of the Republic
Committee on State Sanitarium
Committee on Temperance
Committee on University of Georgia
Committee on W A Railroad
The Chairman and ViceChairman of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Finance and the Chairman and ViceChairman of the Committee on Finance shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 136 The following shall be the order of business
1 Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of Committee on Journals
4 Notices of motions to reconsider
5 Reading the Journal
6 Motions to reconsider
7 Confirmation of the Journal
8 Unanimous consents
9 Reports of Standing Committees
10 Reports of Select Committees
11 Messages from the Governor
12 Unfinished business
13 Special Orders and Orders of the Day
14 Messages from the House of Representatives
15 Introduction of bills etc the first time on
Mondays Wednesdays and Thursdays
50
16 Reading House bills etc the first time for
reference
17 Reading bills etc second time favorably re
ported from committees
18 Consideration of bills etc adversely reported
on Tuesdays and Fridays
19 Reading for third time of bills etc ready for
passage
20 Motions resolutions and petitions
Rule 137 The report of the Committee on Rules shall be in order at any time and messages from the Governor or from the House of Representatives may be received under any order of business
Rule 138 No change of or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition be submitted in writing and referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the Senate
Rule 139 The rules of the Senate shall in no case be suspended or changed or the order of business changed except by a twothirds vote a quorum of the Senate being present and voting
Rule 140 The Auditing Committee before auditing the account of any Senator for expenses as a Committeeman or incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of the Senate shall require of him an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item whenever the same is practicable
Rule 141 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
51
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SENATE IN EXECUTIVE SESSION
1 When nominations shall be made by the Governor to the Senate a future day shall be assigned for their consideration unless the Senate directs otherwise
2 When acting on executive business the Senate shall be cleared of all persons except the Senators the Secretary and Assistant Secretary
3 All information or remarks touching or concerning the character or qualifications of any person nominated by the Governor for office shall be kept secret
4 The Legislative and Executive proceedings of the Senate shall be kept in separate and distinct books
5 All nominations approved by the Senate or otherwise definitely acted on shall be transmitted by the Secretary to the Governor with the determination of the Senate thereon from day to day as such proceedings may occur but no further extract from the Executive Journal shall be furnished published or otherwise communicated during any session except by special order of the Senate and in transmitting the determination of the Senate thereon the Secretary shall in no instance furnish a list of the names of Senators voting in the affirmative or negative but only the fact of confirmation or rejection and the numerical vote and the record of votes shall be sealed and transmitted to the Secretary of States office there to be placed on file
52
6 A majority of a quorum shall be necessary to confirm the nomination to any office made by the Governor and sent to the Senate for approval When nominations are made by the Governor for any office which requires the assent and approval of the Senate in executive session after the Secretary shall read the name of the party nominated and the position to which he is appointed the President shall put to the Senate the following Shall the nomination of the Governor be confirmed by the Senate Those who favor the confirmation will as your names are called vote Aye those opposed vote No After the roll is called the President will announce the result of the ballot and declare the result as follows It appears from the vote that a majority of the Senators have voted to confirm the appointment made by the Governor the same is hereby confirmed by the Senate or A majority of the Senators have voted against the confirmation of the nomination made by the Governor it is therefore rejected by the Senate
7 No Senator will be at liberty at any time or under any circumstances to expose or publish anything transpiring in executive session except only such matters as are required to be disclosed under the rules It is the intent and meaning of this rule that the business transacted in executive session shall be sacred and free from exposure to the outside world and that every Senator shall be on his honor concerning the same
53
RULES
For the Government of the General Assembly When Assembled in Joint Session
r
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN ASSEMBLED IN JOINT SESSION
1 The time of the meeting of the two houses in joint session shall be determined by the concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law
2 The elections shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
3 The votes are to be taken for but one election at the same time and a majority of the whole number of votes cast is necessary to a choice
4 The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet in joint session in the hall of the House of Representatives on the first Monday of every session at 10 oclock a m or at such time as may fie fixed by joint resolution of both houses for the purpose of electing such officers of said State as are now or may hereafter be required to be elected by the General Assembly Said joint session shall continue in morning and afternoon sessions from day to day until all of said officers are elected
5 At the hour determined by the concurrent resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives
57
P The President of the Senate shall preside and announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening the same He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may be taken from any of his decisions tothe whole General Assembly
7 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate
8 In announcing a candidate the mover shall notmake any commendatory or other remarks
9 After a person is nominated for any office in joint session of the General Assembly it shall not be in order to second such nomination and when the nomination is declared closed the President shall forthwith order the rollcall and each member when called shall rise in his seat and respond promptly announcing distinctly his choice for such office
10 In the elections by the General Assembly nomember after having voted shall be allowed to change his vote unless he will rise and state in his place that he voted by mistake or that his vote has been recorded by mistake
11 No debate shall be in order except as to questions of order
12 No motion to adjourn shall be in order In lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in the form That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved or That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence of the former
13 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall always
58
be in order except that after the call of the roll has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate
14 When a motion to dissolve the joint session shall be decided in the negative the same shall not again be in order until other business shall have intervened
15 When a motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or to a fixed time shall be decided in the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber
16 The majority of each house shall be necessary to constitute a quorum of the joint session
17 These rules may be amended by the concurrent resolution of the two houses and they or cither of them shall cease to be in force when cither house shall notify the other house of the withdrawal of its consent to the same
59
Officers and Members of the House of Representatives
OFFICERS
of the
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
1915 and 1916
W H BURWELL of HancockSpeaker
R C Le SUEUR of Crawford Speaker Pro Tem
JNO T BOIFEUILLET of BibbClerk
J E T BOWDEN of Ware Reading Clerk
E B MOORE of TaliaferroJournal Clerk
O H B BLOODWORTH JR of Monroe
Calendar Clerk
D T PAULK of Ben HillMessenger
W T MORRIS of TalbotDoorkeeper
MEMBERS
of the
House of Representatives of Georgia
with
COUNTY AND POSTOFFICE 19151916
NAMES OF MEMBERS ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED
NAME County POSTOEFXCE
Adams Frank L Pike Zebulon
Allen L C Jackson Hoschton
Allen W D Glascock Mitchell
Anderson A S Jenkins Millen
Anderson A S Wilkes Danburg
Anderson G IX Floyd Rome
Anderson Tom E Banks Baldwin R F D No 1
Andrews Walter P Fulton Atlanta
Arnold E Z Clay Fort Gaines
Arnold N IX Oglethorpe Arnoldsville
Arnold 0 H Jr Clarke Athens
Arnold R J Henry Hampton
Atkinson Spencer R Fulton Atlanta
Atkinson W M Emanuel Stillmore
Avret J J Walton Social Circle
Ayer Thos R Bibb Macon
Baggett J B Paulding Hay
Bale John W Floyd Rome
Ballard Ike Y Columbia Harlem
Barber W D Grady Cairo
Barfield H L Bibb Macon
Beall J R Richmond Blythe
Beazley J A Taliaferro Crawfordville
Beck E H Murray Eton
Beck I H P Carroll Bowden
Bell W L Milton Duluth R F D No 2
65
NAME
County
POSTOFFICE
Blackburn R B Fulton Atlanta
Bowers J A Thomas Meigs
Boyett W S Stewart Lumpkin
Bradford N A Whitfield Dalton
Bradley A B Pickens Jasper
Brinson W C Johnson Wrightsville
Brooks B B Macon Montezuma
Brown J C Emanuel Garfield
Brown J D Wheeler Alamo
Brown L C Clarke Athens
Bullard D B Campbell Palmetto
Burtz A H Gilmer Ellijay
Burwell W H Hancock Sparta
Campbell R W Newton Mansfield
Carithers R L Barrow Winder
Carroll T B Catoosa Rossville R F D No 2
Carter J H Bacon Alma
Chancey Wm E Pulaski HawkinsYille
Clarke Jno D McIntosh Darien
Clements J B Irwin Irwinville
Cole E D Bartow Cartersville
Coleman J A Calhbun Edison
Coleman W B Laurens Dexter
Collier D H Stephens Toceoa
Collins F J Union Blairsville
Conger A B Decatur Bainbridge
Connor W H Spalding Griffin
Cook Matt Telfair Lumber City
Cooper L J Ware Way cross
Cravey J L Dodge Eastman
Culpepper N F Meriwether Greenvdle
Dart J E Glynn Brunswick
Davidson W T Putnam Eatonton
Davis G B Laurens Dublin
Dennard J E Webster Preston
Dickerson R G Clinch Homerville
Dockery J A Lumpkin JDahlonega
Dodd W A Bartow Cartersville
Dorris W H Crisp Cordele
Dorris W I Douglas Douglasville
Dorsett L Z Carroll Carrollton
Dorsey J T Cobb Marietta
Duffy T W Jones James
66
Name County POSTOFiJOE
Edwards B J Walton Monroe
Edwards J Q Bryan Pembroke
Edwards J S Haralson Buchanan
Elders H H Tattnall Reidsville
Ennis J H Baldwin Milledgeville
Estes W H Lincoln Lincolnton
Evans J H Screven Sylvania
Findley A W Floyd Cave Springs
Foster F 0 Morgan Madison
Fowler B J Bibb Macon
Fullbright H J Burke Waynesboro
Garlington S F Richmond Augusta
Gilliam J W Fannin Blue Ridge
Gillis J L Montgomery Soperton
Gordy G G Chattahoochee Cusseta
Green Garnett A Wilkes Washington
Green B W C Clayton College Park
Griffin E H Decatur Bainbridge
Griffin William H Lowndes Valdosta
Harris Don Walker Chickamauga
Harris J J Washington Sandersville
Hartley J C Houston Fort Valley
Haynes V H Gordon Sugar Valley
Heath E Y Burke Waynesboro
Hines W F Troup Mountville
Hodges A J Brooks Morven
Hogg J P Marion Buena Vista
Holden W F Rabun Clayton
Hopkins H W Thomas Thomasville
Howard T L Liberty Ludowici
Hudson C I1 Harris Cataula
Hutcheson John B Turner Ashburn
Jackson S M Chatham Savannah
Johnson A A Gwinnett Norcross
Johnson J W Appling Baxley
Jones Garland M Coweta Newnan
Jones W A Wilkinson Gordon
Keene James H Echols Stockton R F D No 2
Key W H Jasper Gladesville
Kidd W J Baker Milford
King C C Greene White Plains
King James Jefferson Wrens
King J B White Leaf
67
NAME County POSTOFFICE
Kirby J T Coweta Newnan
Knight J P Berrien Nashville
Lane H H Troup Mountville
Lanier F T Bulloch Statesboro
Ledbetter L S Polk Cedartown
LeSueur R C Crawford Roberta
Liles A J Camden White Oaks
Lowe Jas H Oconee High Shoals
Lunsford W H Lee Smithville
Marshall C B Taylor Reynolds
Martin Richard Hall Lula
Mathews J B Dawson Dawsonville
Mathews W J Elbert Elberton
Meadows C S Wayne Screven
Moore Henry G Jeff Davis Hazlehurst
Moore 0 A Heard Texas
Morris Fred Cobb Marietta
Morris J B Hart Hartwell
Myrick Shelby Chatham Savannah
MeCalla J H Rockdale Conyers
McLanahan T M Elbert Elberton
McRae C D Wilcox Rochelle
Neill W C Muscogee Columbus
Nunn S A Houston Perry
Olive Samuel L Richmond Augusta
Oliver T W Quitman Georgetown
Parker C W Ware Way cross
Parks P C Upson Thomaston
Peacock H A Dougherty Albany
Perkins Vance Habersham Mount Airy
Perry R J Schley Ellaville
Pharr G W Gwinnett Lawrenceville R F D
Pickren T L Charlton Folkston
Ragland Tinsley Talbot Talbotton
Redwine G D Fayette Fayetteville
Reiser J W Effingham Clyo R F D No 2
Rice J M Towns Hiawassee
Rich P D Miller Colquitt
Roberts Luther Hall Gainesville
Rushin M E Dooly Vienna
Shannon T D Twiggs J eff ersonville
Sheffield 0 H Early Cedar Springs
Sheppard J E Sumter Americus
68
NAME County POSTOFFICE
Shipp B L Colquitt Moultrie
Short W S Bandolph Shellman
Shuptrine Herman C Chatham Savannah
Simpson J N Cherokee Holly Springs
Sloan W P Forsyth Cumming
Smith M G Dade Trenton
Smith B A Toombs Lyons E F D 4
Smith E Prank DeKalb Decatur
Spence Jno M Mitchell Camilla
Stark W W Jackson Commerce
Steele L J DeKalb Decatur
Stewart G E Coffee McDonald
Stovall J Glenn McDuffie Thomson
Strickland H J Pierce Blackshear
Sumner G S Worth Shingler
Swift H H Muscogee Columbus
Taylor C M Monroe Smarrs
Taylor S J Sr Washington Davisboro
Thompson J N B Madison Comer
Towles C A Butts Cork
Turner S M Brooks Quitman
Veazy P G Warren Gibson
Walker T D Sr Bleckley Cochran
Walker W E Ben Hill Fitzgerald
Webb J E Lowndes Hahira
Westbrook W B Franklin Carnesville
Wheatley Crawford Sumter Americus
Williams Bion Meriwether Woodbury
Wohlwender Ed Muscogee Columbus
Worsham T J Chattooga Holland
Wright J W Bulloch Ivanhoe
Yeomans M J Terrell Dawson
Youmans L E Candler Metter
Young J H Tift Tifton
69
MEMBERS
of the
House of Representatives of Georgia
with
COUNTY AND POSTOFFICE 19151916
NAMES OF COUNTIES ALPHBETICALLY ARRANGED
County Name POSTOFFICE
Appling 2 J W Johnson Baxley
Bacon r J H Carter Alma
Baker r W J Kidd Milford
Baldwin J H Ennis Milledgeville
Banks Tom E Anderson Baldwin R F j
Barrow R L Carithers Winder
Bartow y i E D Cole CartersVille
Bartow W A Dodd CartersVille k
Ben Hill W B Walker Fitzgefald
Berrien J P Knight Nashville
Bibb Thos R Ayer Macon
Bibb 4 H L Barfield Macon
Bibb B J Fowler Macon
Bleckley Vr T D Walker Sr Coehrany
Brooks A J Hodges Morven
Brooks S M Turner Quitman Pembroke y Statesboro
Bryan J Q Edwards
Bulloch A F T Lanier
Bulloch J W Wright Ivanhoe
Burke Burke H J Fullbright E V Heath Waynesboro Waynesboro
Butts irr C A Towles Cork Edison White Oaks
Calhoun J A Coleman
Camden A J Liles
Campbell r D B Bullard Palmetto Metter tS
Candler L E Youmans
71
County Name Postoffice
Carroll A X H P BeckBowden
Carroll L Z DorsettCarrollton
Catoosa k T B CarrollRossville B F D No 2
Charlton rrT T L PiekrenFolkston
Chatham 7S M JacksonSavannah
Chatham Shelby MyrickSavannah
Chatham Herman C Shuptrine Savannah
Chattahoochee G G Gordy Cusseta
Chattooga 2r T J Worsham Holland
Cherokee 3T J N SimpsonHolly Springs Y
Clarke i O H Arnold JrAthens
Clarke A L C Brown Athens
Clay 9E Z Arnold Fort Gaines
Clayton APT R W C GreenCollege Park
Clinch TfT R G Dickerson Homerville
Cobb jL Fred Morris Marietta
Cobb J T DorseyMarietta S
Coffee C E Stewart McDonald
Colquitt R L ShippMoultrie
Columbia TfiIke V BallardHarlem
Coweta A Garland M JonesNewnan S
Coweta 3 T Kirby Newnan
Crawford Ik0R C LeSueurRoberta
Crisp 7b W TI Dorris Cordele
Dade h M G SmithTrenton
Dawson 3 J B Mathews Dawsonville
Decatur A B CongerBainbridge
Decatur E H Griffin Bainbridge
DeKalb t4 R Frank SmithDecatur
DeKalb L J SteeleDecatur
Dodge MJ L CraveyEastman
Dooly 2T M E RushinVienna
Dougherty fTH A PeacockAlbany
Douglas 1h W I Dorris Douglasville
Early O H SheffieldCedar Springs P
Echols James H KeeneStockton R F D No 2
Effingham bfJ W ReiserClyo R F D No 2
Elbert W J MathewsElberton 0
Elbert T M McLanahan Elberton S
Emanuel LW M AtkinsonStillmore J
Emanuel 77 J C Brown Garfield
Fannin J W GilliamBlue Ridge
Fayette 7bC D RedwineFayetteville
72
County Name P0ST0FFIC2
Lloyd Ill G D Anderson Rome
Floyd a John W Bale Rome
Floyd A W Findley Cave Springs
Forsyth W P Sloan Cumming
Franklin V W B Westbrook Carnesville
Fulton Walter P Andrews Atlanta
Fulton w Spencer B Atkinson Atlanta
Fulton R B Blackburn Atlanta
Gilmer A H Burtz Ellijay
Glascock W D Allen Mitchell S
Glynn J E Dart Brunswick
Gordon Y H Haynes Sugar Valley
Grady jffT W D Barber Cairo
Greene C C King White Plains i
Gwinnett J A A Johnson Norcross i
Gwinnett G W Pharr Lawrenceville R No 3
Habersham Vance Perkins Mt Airy f
Hall Luther Roberts Gainesville H
Hall Richard Martin Lula
Hancock v W H Burwell Sparta
Haralson r J S Edwards Buchanan
Harris C I Hudson Cataula
Hart J B Morris Hartwell S
Heard 0 A Moore Texas
Henry R J Arnold Hampton
Houston J C Hartley Fort Valley
Houston S A Nunn Perry
Irwin J B Clements Irwinville
Jackson J L C Allen Hoschton 1
Jackson W W Stark Commerce 8
Jasper W H Key Gladesville M
Jeff Davis r Henry G Moore Hazlehurst r
Jefferson rM James King Wrens v
Jenkins A S Anderson Millen
Johnson W C Brinson Wrightsville
Jones T W Duffy James y
Laurens I W B Coleman Jexter Dublin
Laurens G B Davis
Lee W H Lunsford Smithville y Ludowici Lincolnton
Liberty r T L Howard
Lincoln vr W H Estes
Lowndes William H Griffin Valdosta
73
County name postoffice
Lowndes J E WebbHahira y
Lumpkin J A Dockery Dahlonega
McDuffie TJ Glenn StovallThomson
McIntosh Jno D Clarke Darien
Macon ifB B BrooksMontezuma
Madison VT J N B Thompson Comer
Marion T J P HoggIBuena Vista S
Meriwether L N F CulpepperGreenville
Meriwether Bion Williams Woodbury
Miller P D Rich Colquitt
Milton VWW L BellDuluth R F D No 2
Mitchell K Juo M SpenceCamilla
Monroe 7 C M Taylor Smarts
Montgomery J D Gillis Soperton
Morgan F C Foster MadisonX
Murray E H Beck Eton
Muscogee W C Neill Columbus
Musfeogee fc H H SwiftColumbus
Muscogee Pel Wohlwender Columbus
Newton Vt R W CampbellMansfield y
Oconee KJas H LoweHigh Shoals
Oglethorpe N D ArnoldArnoldsyille
Paulding Vt J B BaggettHay
Pickens A B Bradley Jasper
Pierce jfcfH J Strickland Blacksheaiy
pyc Frank L Adams Zebulon
p0lk L S LedbetterCedartown
Pulaski Wm E Chancey Hawkinsville
Putnam W T DavidsonEatonton
Quitman T W OliverGeorgetown
Rabun L VW F HoldenClayton v
Randolph W S ShortShellman
Richmond yJ R BeallBlythe v
Richmond S F Garlington Augusta
Richmond Samuel L Olive Augusta
Rockdale VJ H McCallaConyers
Schley Vf R J Perry Ellaville
Screven Vt J H EvansSylvama
Spalding YW H ConnorGriffin
Stephens VTD H CollierToceoa
Stewart X W B Boyett Lumpkin S
Sumter J E Sheppard Americus
Sumter iT Crawford Wheatley Americus

74
County
Name
POSTOFFICE
Talbot Tinsley Ragland Talbotton
Taliaferro J A Beazley Crawf ordville
Tattnall H H Elders Reidsville
Taylor C B Marshall Reynolds
Telfair Matt Cook Lumber City
Terrell M J Yeomans Bawson
Thomas J A Bowers Meigs
Thomas H W Hopkins Thomasville
Tift J H Young Tifton
Toombs B A Smith Lyons R F B
Towns J M Bice Hiawasse t
Troup w F Hines Mountville
Troup H H Lane Mountville
Turner John B HutchesonAshburn
Twiggs V J D Shannon Jeffersonville t
Union 5 F J Collins Blairsville
Upson P C Parks Thomaston
Walker HT Bon Harris Chickamauga r
Walton 3 Mm B J Edwards Monroe
Walton J J Avret Social Circle
Ware L J Cooper Waycross
Ware C W Parker Waycross
Warren V P G Yeazy Gibson
Washington v A J J Harris Sandersville
Washington s J Taylor Sr Bavisboro
Wayne rT c S Meadows Screven
Webster J E Dennard Preston
Wheeler r J D Brown Alamo
White J B King Leaf
Whitfield Vr N A Bradford Balton
Wilcox c B McRae Rochelle
Wilkes IJ A S Anderson Banburg
Wilkes Garnett A Green Washington Gordon
Wilkinson W A Jones
Worth Ik G S Sumner Shingler

75
Standing Committees of the House of Representatives
STANDING COMMUTEES OF THE HOUSE
ACADEMY FOB THE BLIND Ayer Chairman
Coleman of Laurens ViceChairman
Allen of Glascock Collins
Baggett Pickren
Chancey Williams
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION Myrick Chairman
LeSueur
Atkinson of Pulton
Bale
Beazley
Carithers
Clements
Davis
Dorris of Crisp
ViceChairman
Edwards of Haralsor Foster Marshall Peacock Roberts Wohlwender
79
APPROPRIATIONS
Fullbright Chairman Stark ViceChairman
Anderson of Jenkins
Barber
Barfield
Brown of Clarke
Carithers
Dockery
Ennis
Evans
Griffin of Decatur Griffin of Lowndes Harrisof Washington Hodges
Lanier
Ledbetter
Marshall
Mathews of Elbert
Meadows
Olive
Pharr
Stewart
Stovall
Swift
Taylor of Washington Wheatley
AUDITING
Gillis Chairman v
Towles ViceChairman King of White Sloan
BANKS AND BANKING
Cooper Chairman
Arnold of Clarke ViceChairman
Arnold of Oglethorpe
Bowers
Carithers
Evans
Gillis
Jones of Wilkinson Meadows Ragland Redwine
Taylor of Monroe Thompson
CONSERVATION
Burtz Chairman
Gilliam ViceChairman
Holden Sloan
Rice Snmner
CORPORATIONS
Harris of Washington Chairman Shannon ViceChairman
Arnold of Clarke
Carroll
Garlington
Gordy
Knight
Shipp
Short
Veazey
Yeomans of Terrell
COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS Rushin Chairman
Walker of Ben Hill ViceChairman
Anderson of Floyd Anderson of Wilkes Arnold of Clay Avret Campbell Carter of Bacon Coleman of Laurens Dickerson
Green of Clayton
Johnson of Appling
Key
Parker
Short
Webb
Youmans of Candler
81
EDUCATION Bullard Chairman Shuptrine ViceChairman
Adams
Arnold of Henry Atkinson of Fulton Beck of Murray Brown of Emanuel Dorris of Crisp Duffy
Griffin of Lowndes
Hutcheson
Key
Pickren
Redwine
Steele
Walker of Bleckley
ENGROSSING
Dorris of Douglas Chairman Edwards of Walton ViceChairman
Allen of Glascock Atkinson of Emanuel Beall
Beck of Murray Boyett
Brown of Emanuel
Chancey
Collier
Hartley
Lane
Morris of Hart Moore of Jeff Davis Perkins Reiser
Smith of Dade
ENROLLMENT
Arnold of Clay Chairman Moore of Heard ViceChairman
Ballard
Beck of Carroll
Bell
Brooks
Brown of Wheeler Carroll
Coleman of Calhoun Cook
Gordy
King of Jefferson McLanahan Pickren Simpson
Smith of DeKalb Smith of Toombs
EXCUSE OF MEMBERS Liles Chairman Hartley ViceChairman Cook Dennard
GAME AND FISH Brown of Clarke Chairman Clarke ViceChairman
Allen of Glascock Keene
Atkinson of Emanuel Liles
Edwards of Bryan Perkins
Hines Reiser
Hopkins Sumner
Howard Young
GENERAL AGRICULTURE NO 1
Oliver Chairman
Taylor of Washington ViceChairman
Anderson of Wilkes Keene
Atkinson of Emanuel King of White
Baggett Liles
Bowers Lunsford
Boyett Moore of Heard
Carroll McRae
Coleman of Calhoun Parks
Cravey Pharr
Dennard Sheffield
Dorris of Douglas Smith of DeKalb
Gordy Strickland
Harris of Walker Towles
Haynes Walker of Ben Hill
Hodges Westbrook
Holden Worsham
Hudson Youmans of Candler
83
GENERAL AGRICULTURE NO 2 Ennis Chairman
Dodd ViceChairman
Anderson of Banks
Arnold of Clark
Ayer
Bell
Bradley
Brown of Emanuel
Brown of Wheeler
Clements
Collier
Duffy
Green of Clayton Hartley
Hines
Hogg
Howard
Jones of Wilkinson
King of Jefferson
Kirby
Lowe
Mathews of Dawson
McLanahan
Perry
Rushin
Shannon
Simpson
Stewart
Thompson
Taylor of Monroe
Veazey
Webb
Wright
Young
GENERAL JUDICIARY NO 1
Olive Chairman Hutcheson ViceChairman
Anderson of Jenkins
Atkinson of Pulton
Bale
Beazley
Brinson
Burtz
Conger
Culpepper
Davidson
Dickerson
Dorsett
Dorsey
Elders
Fowler
Garlington
Green of Wilkes
Harris of Washington
Heath
Marshall
Myrick
Neill
Peacock
Rich
Sheppard
Stark
Stovall
Swift
Turner
84
GENERAL JUDICIARY NO 2 Griffin of Lowndes Chairmans Lanier ViceChairman
Adams
Arnold of Clay Blackburn Connor Davis
Dorris of Crisp
Edwards of Haralson
Edwards of Walton
Poster
Fullbright
Hopkins
Jones of Coweta
Key
Knight
LeSueur Morris of Cobb Morris of Hart McCalla Nunn Roberts Shannon Shipp
Smith of Dade Smith of Toombs Steele
Wohlwender Yeomans of Terrell
GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF Findley Chairman
Estes ViceChairman
Beck of Carroll Collins
Bradley Gilliam
Collier Hudson
Worsham
GEORGIA STATE SANITARIUM
Arnold of Henry Chairman
Jones of Wilkinson ViceChairman
Avret
Barfield
Brown of Wheeler
Bnrtz
Dorsett
Findley
Griffin of Decatur Haynes
Johnson of Appling Johnson of Gwinnett
85
King of Green Martin
Mathews of Elbert
Walker of Ben Hill Walker of Bleckley Yonmans of Candler
HALLS AND ROOMS Edwards Of Walton Chairman Westbrook ViceChairman
Cook Kidd
HYGIENE AND SANITATION Allek of Jackson Chairman Mathews of Elbert ViceChairman
Beall Brooks Estes Findley King of Green McRae Spence Walker of Bleckley
Foster Hogg INSURANCE Ledbetter Chairman Cravey ViceChairman Jones of Coweta Shnptrine
INVALID PENSIONS AND SOLDIERS HOME Strickland Chairman
Ballard Boyett Bradford Hudson ViceChairman Edwards of Bryan Veazey Wright
86
JOURNALS Carter Chairman Perry ViceChairman Kidd Perkins
LABOR AND LABOR STATISTICS
Evans Chairman
Jackson ViceChairman
Anderson of Wilkes Coleman of Laurens Arnold of Oglethorpe Duffy
Olive
MANUFACTURES
Me Calla Chairman
Ragland ViceChairman
Johnson of Gwinnett Moore of Jeff Davis Sheppard Stewart
Bell
Blackburn
Campbell
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Connor Chairman
Wheatley ViceChairman
Ennis Myrick
Fowler Turner
Garlington
MINES AND MINING
Smith of Dade Chairman
Gilliam ViceChairman
Haynes Mathews of Dawson
Rice
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
Heath Chairman
Nunn ViceChairman
Hodges Hogg Lunsford
Moore of Jeff Davis
PENITENTIARY
Dorsey Chairman
Adams ViceChairman
Anderson of Banks Dorris of Douglas Elders
Anderson of Banks
Anderson of Floyd
Barber
Bradford
Bradley
Brinson
Campbell
Carter
Collins
Dart
Dodd
Edwards of Bryan
Edwards of Haralson
Ennis
Gillis
Hogg
Holden
Johnson of Appling Keene
King of White Lane
Mathews of Dawson
Meadows
McCalla
Oliver
Rice
Rich
Short I
Spence
Taylor of Monroe Taylor of Washington Thompson of Madison Westbrook Worsham
PENSIONS
Dart Chairman
Simpson ViceChairman
Anderson of Floyd Lunsford
Beall Parks
PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS
Raggett Beazley Hines Neill Chairman Dorsett ViceChairman Knight McLanahan Nunn
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR
Bullard Davidson Chairman Brinson ViceChairman Heath PUBLIC HIGHWAYS
Andrews Chancey Lane Parker Turner Chairman Williams ViceChairman Parks Reiser Sheffield 89
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Culpepper Chairman
Johnson of Gwinnett ViceChairman Beck of Carroll King of Jefferson
Kidd Morris of Hart
PUBLIC PRINTING
Griffin of Decatur Chairman
Anderson of Jenkins ViceChairman Ballard Brooks
Barber Yeomans of Terrell
PUBLIC PROPERTY
Cole Chairman
Walker of Bleckley ViceChairman Moore of Heard Perry
McRae Wright
Oliver
RAILROADS
Dickerson Chairman
Conger ViceChairman
Arnold of Oglethorpe Culpepper
Clarke Lowe
Cravey Sheffield
REFORMATORIES
Roberts Chairman
Smith of DeKalb ViceChairman Allen of Jackson Dockery
Coleman of Calhoun Sloan Dennard Sumner
Webb
90
BULES
Burwell ExOfficio Chairman Blackburn ViceChairman
Bale Clements Bagland Bedwine
Davidson Shnptrine
Fnllbright Wheatley
Peacock Wohlwender
Avret Hopkins LeSueur SPECIAL JUDICIARY Fowler Chairman Davis ViceChairman Pharr Smith of Toombs Stovall
Andrews Connor Dart Dodd Dorsey TEMPERANCE Stark Chairman Parker ViceChairman Green of Clayton Harris of Walker Jackson King of Green Lowe
Edwards of Bryan Martin Findley Bushin
Strickland
91
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA AND ITS BRANCHES
Green of Wilkes Chairman Brown of Clark ViceChairman Arnold of Henry Morris of Cobb
Kirby Towles
Williams
WAYS AND MEANS
Jones of Coweta Chairman Cole ViceChairman
Ayer Martin
Bullard Neill
Clarke Parker
Conger Rich
Cooper Shipp
Green of Wilkes Spence
Howard Steele
Jackson Young
WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILROAD
Andrews Chairman
Hutcheson ViceChairman
Allen of Jackson Estes
Barfield Harris of Walker
Beck of Murray Kirby
Bowers Lanier
Bradford Ledbetter
Carter Morris of Cobb
Cole Sheppard
Cooper Stewart of Coffee
Dart Swift
Elders
92
Standing Rules of the House of Representatives
THE SPEAKER
Rule 1 The Speaker shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the House the Speaker shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the House be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the Speaker shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any other member
Rule 3 When two or more members shall rise at the same time the Speaker shall name the person entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the Speaker unless otherwise ordered by the House
Rule 5 The method of stating a question or any motion by the Speaker after the same has been read to the House by the Clerk shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the Speaker or a division of the House is called for by any one member of the House the Speaker shall call upon the members
Discretion of Speaker
When Speaker shall vote
Right of member to the floor to be decided by the Speaker
Speaker to
appoint
committees
Methods of stating a question by Speaker
95
Speaker may name members to preside
Duty of Clerk when Speaker is absent
Appeals from ruling of the Speaker
When no debate on appeals
Appeals to be made at once
in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the clerk he shall call upon the members to reverse their positions and the Speaker shall announce the result
Rule 6 The Speaker may during a days sitting name any member to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the Speaker shall be absent the Speaker pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Clerk of the House shall call the House to order and shall preside until a Speaker pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the House The Speaker pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
Rule 8 Should any member of the House be dissatisfied with the ruling of the Speaker on any point he shall rise and respectfully address the Speaker and say I appeal from the decision of the Chair The Speaker will then state to the House the point ruled on and his decision on it and shall then put the question of appeal to the House as follows All in favor of the decision of the Chair standing as the sense of this House will say Aye Those opposed will say No and the decision of the House in sustaining or overruling the Speaker shall be final
Rule 9 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Rule 10 All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened
96
from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Rule 11 Where debate is permissible on appeals from the decision of the Chair any member after being recognized by the Speaker may address his remarks directly to the House
Rule 12 The Speaker shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the House within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the House may see fit to take in the premises
Rule 13 The Speaker shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the House cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of the House to be dealt with for contempt of the House
Rule 14 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the House the Speaker may order the bar of the House to be closed and the roll of members called by the Clerk and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the House and if any member present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the House
Rule 15 The Speaker may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the House discloses the fact that a quorum of the House has not voted
When members may address the House
Power of Speaker to suspend subordinate officers
When Speaker may order galleries and lobbies cleared
No quorum voting duty of Speaker
When Speaker may order vote taken by yeas and nays
97
Decision on questions of priority
Conduct of members in debate
Appeals
Expulsion
Exception to words spoken Proviso
Rule 16 All questions as to the priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the Speaker without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 17 When any member is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the House he shall rise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr Speaker He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken If any member in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the House the Speaker shall call him to order in which case the member so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The House shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the House be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the House by a twothirds vote of the members which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays and recorded on the Journal of the House
Rule 18 If any member be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Clerk and read then admitted denied or explained by the member who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the House may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the House is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken
98
up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been exhausted or until such further time as may then be ordered by the House But no member shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the House for words spoken in debate if any other member has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Rule 19 The members of the House shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking member shall have taken his seat
Rule 20 The members shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the place in which they may be or the county they represent
Rule 21 No member shall address the House except as heretofore stated in case of appeals or interrogate a member who is speaking except through the Speaker and should the member speaking decline to be interrupted the Speaker shall cause the member desiring to interrogate to be silent
Rule 22 No member shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is immediately and particularly interested In every case where the seat of a member is being contested the sitting member and the contestant shall both retire from the House before the vote is taken
Rule 23 Any member may enter a protest in writing against the action of the House said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the
Silence
Mode of
designating
members
House how addressed Questions and inter ruptions
Shall not vote when interested in result
Protests
99
Smoking and conversation prohibited
Duty while member is speaking and at adjournment
Matters transpkig in Senate Committees and private conversation not to be referred to
Laudatory and disparaging remarks when forbidden
Applause and hisses forbidden
No debate during yeas and nays
Only one motion can be made at a time
grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the House nor any member thereof and such protest shall be entered by the Clerk upon the Journal of the House
Rule 24 No member shall smoke in the House nor shall he converse with any one over the bar thereof
Rule 25 No member shall be permitted to enter upon the floor of the House or remain thereon in an intoxicated condition and the Messenger and the Doorkeepers of the House are specially charged with the rigid enforcement of this rule
Rule 26 No member shall pass between the Chair and a member while he is speaking nor shall any member at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the Speaker retires
Rule 27 No member shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another member or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the Senate
Rule 28 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 29 Applause or hisses in the Representative chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Rule 30 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Rule 31 No member can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the House he must resume his seat and he
100
is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the Speaker
Rule 32 On all questions except such as are 1
Explanation
not debatable any member on the call of the ayes and nays shall as a matter of right be allowed three minutes in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no member shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent of the House No motion shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a members time for explaining
Rule 33 When the reading of any paper is called Reading of for and the same is objected to by any member papers it shall be determined by a vote of thb House and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 34 Every member within the hall when a question is put shall vote unless he is immediately and particularly interested therein or the House shall excuse him A motion to excuse a member from voting must be made before the House divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the member making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
Rule 35 No member shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then make any motion the effect of which is to cut off debate without relinquishing the floor
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 36 Any member may call for a division of Cali for a
division
When mem bers shall vote
Motion to excuse when made Excuses from voting
101
Division how made
Qualifying paragraph exception and proviso
Strike out and insert not divisible
Call of counties
Bills and resolutions called in order Proviso
Rule 37 The member calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by themselves and be consistent and entire
Rule 38 A qualifying paragraph an exception or a proviso if taken from that to which it belongs would not contain a distinct or entire proposition
Rule 39 A motion to strike out and insert is an indivisible proposition
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Rule 40 The Clerk shall on Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call the Counties for the introduction of new matter beginning alternately at the first and last of the alphabet Provided that no member shall introduce more than one bill of a general nature on any day except companion bills
Rule 41 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar and before readingany bill or resolution the second or third time the Clerk shall distinctly state its number and the name of the member by whom introduced provided that House and Senate bills and resolutions adversely reported shall not be taken up for a second reading except by request of the authors of such bill or resolution or some member of the House provided that the General Tax Bill and the General Appropriation Bill shall take precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said Bills shall have been finally disposed of
Rule 42 Every motion to suspend the rules for the purpose of taking up bills or resolutions out
102
of their regular order and every motion to make special orders shall except by the unanimous consent of the House be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the House
Rule 43 The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter nor to read any bill or resolution the second time or any local bill or resolution a third time or to put any local bill or resolution upon its passage or to make special orders for any bill or resolution except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal or after the reading of the Journal has been dispensed with The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to put any general bill or resolution upon its passage or to read such bill or resolution second time and recommit The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 44 The rules of this House known as Constitutional rules shall in no case be suspended all other rules shall in no case be suspended nor changed nor the order of business be changed except by a vote of threefourths of the members voting
Rule 45 No change of or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition be first referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the House
Rule 46 Any motion to suspend rules or change the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate
103
Effect of
unanimous
consent
Suspension of rules
No debate
Bills etc when introduced
No debate on first reading
Effect of favorable report of committee
Adverse report of committee
Bills when withdrawn
Transmission to Senate by majority vote
Bills when printed
Rule 47 It shall be in order to introduce bills or other matter upon the call of the counties without any previous notice having been given for that purpose
Rule 48 No debate shall be admitted upon any Bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any Bill or Resolution or other matter requiring reference to a Committee the Speaker shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the House In case of Engrossment of any Bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Clerk and the Bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed In cases where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Any bill may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the House
Rule 49 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the Senate on the day of the passage thereof unless twothirds of the members present shall so order
Rule 50 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the House by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the House agreeing thereto
104
Rule 51 All proceedings touching the appropri of mthettee ating of money shall be considered in the Com pggjffi See
Rule 52 All bills and resolutions shall be in M
Bills and
writing and shall have the name of the member resolutions introducing the same as well as the county he represents indorsed on the back of the same and horsed in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same
Rule 53 Where a bill or resolution has been Reports of referred and reported by more than one committee orrof368 or has been reported on and recommitted to the actionsame committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the House and in all cases the report of the Committee of the Whole House shall be first acted on by the House
Rule 54 The Committee on Rules during the last seven days of each session shall arrange and fix a calendar for each days business and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing Special Order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise thHn the order
TixecMfery eaewfafCxcepTby unanimous con
or M
be received except the following towit
1st Motion to adjourn
2dr A motion to lay on table
3d A motion for the previous question 4th A motion to adjourn to a time definite 5th A motion to postpone indefinitely
6th A motion to postpone to a day certain
mittee of the Whole House
Rule 107 et al

knce of motions
Rule 55 When any subject is before the House for consideration or under debate no motion shall precedence
105
Not debat able when may be renewed
When
debatable
When made
When not in order
Effect of adjournment
Hour of adjournment What business postpone
7th A motion to commit
8th A motion to amend
Which said motions shall have precedence ir the order in which they stand as above arranged
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 56 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the House A motion do adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
Rule 57 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the House is not actually engaged in other business is debatable
Rule 58 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the member moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 59 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustainedbut when the House has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Clerk has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced
Rule 60 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the House to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 61 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the House is being taken by yeas and nays
106
the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the House is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the House shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE
Rule 62 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order
Rule 63 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the House is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken up the same is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 64 If the motionto lay in the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the House the measure together with all the motions attached to it at the time it is so disposedof
Rule 65 When the proposition is again taken from the table it stands before the House in the exact form with all the motions pertaining to it just as it did at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed
Rule 66 After a yea and nay vote is called on any bill or resolutionthe House not acting at the time under the previous questionand one vote has been recorded no motion to table shall be in order until the rollcall shall have been completed When any bill or resolution is tabled after the completion of the rollcall and then taken from
Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table
How mat ters may be taken from table
Effect of vote to table
Effect of vote to take from table
No motion do table in order until rollcall is completed
107
When renewed
Not debatable or amendable
What can be tabled
When in order
Effect of
previous
question
the table nothing can be done except to announce the result of said vote as shown by said rollcall at the time said bill or resolution was tabled
Rule 67 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Rule 68 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
Rule 69 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
Rule 70 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted on the main question shall be now put no mention to lay on the table is in order
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 71 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except a motion to adjourn or to lay on the table but neither of said motions shall be made but once until after the previous question has been exhausted and when it is moved the question shall be Shall the motion for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority of a quorum in the affirmative and the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum all other motions except one motion to reconsider the action in ordering the main question will be out of order and the House cannot adjourn until the previous
108
question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives
Rule 72 When the previous question has been ordered the House shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate Where the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such members as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule This rule shall not be construed to allow the twenty minutes above referred to to be used but once on any bill or measure and then on the final passage of the bill or measure
Rule 73 After the main question is ordered any member may call for a division of the House in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays if the call for the yeas and nays is sustained by onefifth of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the yeas and nays and so entered on the Journal
Rule 74 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the House to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 75 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any question if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member whose name is first signed
Twenty
minutes
debate
allowed
Vote how taken
Effect of main question being ordered
Contested
Election
109
How called and ordered
Call of the House when in order
Questions of order
Effect
Not amendable
When can not be applied
to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 76 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Rule 77 A call of the House shall not be inorder after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the Speaker that a quorum is not present
Rule 78 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Rule 79 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final readingthereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or othermeasure for the session
Rule 80 The motion to indefinitely postponelays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
Rule 81 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postponeto a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such asquestions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
110
Rule 82 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has been voted down
Not renewed
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 83 The motion to postpone a bill resolution or other measure to a day certain when decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum removes the subject from before the House until the time designated and makes it a privileged question for that day so selected
Rule 84 If the motion to postpone a bill a Effect of resolution or other measure is decided in the neg voetlve ative it leaves the question before the House as it was before the motion was made and it cannot be moved a second time on same day or at the same stage of the proceeding
Rule 85 This motion to postpone to a day cer May e tain may be amended by substituting one day for amended another In this case the time would be treated as a blank and the Speaker should treat these propositions as he would those to fill blanks
Rule 86 If a day designated is known to be beyond the session the Speaker shall treat the motion as though it had been a motion to indefinitely postpone the subject
Rule 87 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the enteand question proposed to be postponed Debate may how allowei be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another It shall be the duty of
To a day beyond the session
Ill
Motion how applied
Motion to commit
Precedence
of
When debatable
How
amended
Motion to recommit
the Speaker to hold members rigidly to these points
Rule 88 This motion cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but must be applied to the whole bill resolution or other measure before the House and when it prevails it carries forward the whole proposition and its appendages to the day named
MOTIONS TO COMMIT
Rule 89 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee or committee of the whole House
Rule 90 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on but where a motion is made that a bill resolution or other measure be committed to the committee of the whole House this motion shall be put before either of the abovenamed motions
Rule 91 On a motion simply to commit nodebate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 92 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the member making the motion
Rule 93 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
112
MOTIONS TO AMEND
Rule 94 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2d By striking out words
3d By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 95 A substitute is simply an amendment it is in effect a motion to strike out all after the enacting clause of a bill or the word Resolved in a resolution and insert that offered as a substitute
Rule 96 When a bill or resolution is before the House for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the House to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 97 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the House unless said action of the House in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Amendments how made
Substitute
Bill first perfected then the substitute
When too late to amend
113
Must be in writing
Priority
Blanks
Caption
when
amended
Amending by sections
Amend ments by striking out and inserting
Rule 98 All motions to amend any matter before the House must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 99 On all questions whether in committee or in the House the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 100 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 101 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Rule 102 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the House shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Clerk in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Clerk without any motion being made in the House and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur and amend it
Rule 103 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment
Rule 104 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Clerk shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
114
Rule 105 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a part of a bill or resolution any amendment offered to perfect the part proposed to be stricken shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
Rule 106 When any bill or resolution which originated in the House has been amended in the Senate and is before the House for action on the Senate amendment an amendment may be offered in the House to the Senate amendment but the House amendment to the Senate amendment can not be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 107 A motion to amend an amendment made by the Senate to the House bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Rule 108 The questions which arise before the House respecting amendments by the Senate to a House bill or resolution are
1st A motion to agree to the Senate amendment
2d A motion to disagree to the Senate amendment
3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order RECONSIDERATION
Rule 109 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any
Priority of Amendment to perfect
Amending
Senate
Amend
ments
See Rule 136
Priority
Priority of questions on Senate amendments
Motion to reconsider
115
member whether said member previously voted in the affirmative or negative on the matter sought to be reconsidered to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter as has been previously reconsidered provided such member shall notify the House of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed Provided further that the action of the House on Senate amendments shall be in order for reconsideration immediately and not otherwise
Rule 110 The notice of a motion to reconsider
Shall not be
whenrawIn nt be withdrawn after the time has elapsed
within which jt might originally have been made
When there Rule 111 No matter shall be reconsidered more may be one
reconsid than once eration
Rule 112 Motions for reconsideration shall be in der in orier immediately after the order of unanimous consent on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action
Amend Rule 113 The action of the House upon an
whenSre amendment may be reconsidered at any time beconsidered fore finaj action UpQn the section bill or resolution to which it relates
Rule 114 All bills reconsidered shall take their cafendar place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE HOUSE
when or Rule 115 The Speaker may resolve the House Speakerf into a Committee of the Whole without a motion
116
being made therefor whenever a bill or resolution shall be in order for consideration on its third reading before the House which is required by the rules of this House to be considered in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 116 The House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose
Rule 117 In forming a Committee of the Whole House the Speaker shall leave the chair and a Chairman to preside in committee shall be appointed by the Speaker
Rule 118 In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be first read throughout by the Clerk and then again be read or debated by clauses or sections leaving the preamble to be last considered unless otherwise ordered
Rule 119 The Rules of the House shall be observed by the Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable except that it can not refer a matter to any other committee it can not adjourn the previous question can not be enforced a motion to lay on the table or indefinitely postpone shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the House shall be in order nor shall any vote be taken by yeas and nays
Rule 120 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it shall be desired to close the debate or to limit the time to be allowed members for speaking the committee may rise and report its desire to the House and the House shall take such action thereon as it may see fit by a resolution
See Buie 4 4
When or dered by the House
How formed
Proceedings
Rule in committee
Debate how closed
117
Time of how extended
Motion to rise etc
Reconsid
eration
Duty of when no quorum is present
agreed for that purpose said resolution shall apply only to the subjectmatter before said committee and when said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the House the action of the House shall be deemed the sense of the committee and the House may then on motion again resolve itself into Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of the subject
Rule 121 In the event that a Committee of the Whole House at any sitting shall for want of time fail to complete any matter under consideration it may on motion at any time in the committee made rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally or at a day certain
Rule 122 A motion that the committee rise and report progress and ask leave to sit again can be made at any time when the mover thereof can legitimately obtain the floor and shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without debate and when it prevails the committee shall immediately rise and when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall automatically rise and the Speaker shall assume the Chair
Rule 123 A motion to reconsider shall be in order in Committee of the Whole
Rule 124 The Committee of the Whole shall not proceed with the business before it whenever a vote on any question shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present Whenever it is suggested that a quorum is not present the Chairman of the committee shall satisfy himself of the fact by actual count of the committee and report the same to the committee and the Chairman
118
shall on his own motion order that the committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the House
Rule 125 The Speaker may in Committee of the Whole take part in the proceedings and he as well as all other members shall vote on all questions before the committee unless excused therefrom and no pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 126 Amendments proposed by the Committee of the Whole may be amended or rejected by the House and matters stricken out by the committee may be restored by the House
Rule 127 A Committee of the Whole House can not punish disorderly conduct of its members but must report the same to the House for action thereon
Rule 128 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared in case of any disorderly conduct therein
Rule 129 When the Committee of the Whole have disposed of the bill resolutions or other measures before it by motion and question it shall rise and the Chairman will be instructed to report the action of the Committee to the House At this point the Speaker will resume his seat and the Chairman will return to the floor and will state in substance as follows cMr Speaker the Committee of the Whole House have had under consideration naming what and have instructed me as their Chairman to report the same back to the House with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended or do not pass as the case may be
All members shall vote unless excused
Amend
ments
Disorderly
conduct
reported
Chairman may order galleries cleared
Proceedings of when business before it is finished
119
Record
Papers may be called for
Report shall contain result of committees action
Morning rollcall dispensed with by threefourths vote
Names of absentees noted
The Speaker will receive this report and repeat the same and the matter will then be before the House for action just as though reported by any other committee
Rule 130 The proceedings of the Committee of the Whole shall not be recorded in the Journal of the House except so far as reported to the House by the Chairman of said committee
Rule 131 When in the Committee of the Whole any papers in the possession of the House may be calledfor by any member and read by the Clerk for the information of the committee unless the committee shall otherwise order
Rule 132 Amendments offered to an amendment in the Committee of the Whole shall not be reported to the House but the report shall contain only the result of the committees action on the bill resolution or measure under consideration before it
ABSENTEES
Rule 133 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the House shall not be dispensed with except by a threefourths vote of the members present
Rule 134 Upon the call of all the members ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Clerk and shall appear upon the Journal And it shall be the duty of the Clerk to keep a separate list of the absentees from each days proceedings which list shall be entered upon the Journal and shall show which of said absentees are absent without leave and of those absent with leave which are absent for providential causes and which for business reasons
which said separate list shall be read in the House with the Journal upon which the same is entered
The Clerk shall also keep in a book accessible to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave the names of all such absentees noting such as are absent without leave and the members so absent without leave unless excused by the House shall not be entitled to draw pay ior the time they are so absent
It shall be the duty of the Committee on Auditing to inquire into the matter before passing upon
any members account
Excuses of members absent without leave shall he submitted to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave and the recommendation of some member of said committee shall be necessary to have said excuse allowed by the House
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 135 The power to compel the attendance of members in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the Speaker and to this end he may have the doors of the House closed When the doors are so closed no member shall be allowed to retire from the House without first obtaining
leave from the House A
The Messenger of the House shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the House and on order of the Speaker may arrest any absentees and bring them before the House wfen necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE HOUSE
Rule 136 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present or when the Speaker shall officially state
121
Duty of Auditing Committee
Excuse of members
Power to compel attendance
Sergeant
atarms
Call how ordered
Profeent fact to the House it shall be in order for any
mgs
member to make a motion for a call of the House and when this motion is made the Speaker shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the House prevail and if fifteen of the members present shall vote in the affirmative the Speaker shall order the Clerk to call the roll of members and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the members present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by the officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the House shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
What is a quorum Compelling attendance
Oath of members
CONSTITUTIONAL RULES
Rule 137 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4
Rule 138 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5
122
Rule 139 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14
Rule 140 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6
Rule 141 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its pas sage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12
Rule 142 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21
Rule 143 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third reading of local bills must be full and complete
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
Rule 144 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10
Majority required to pass bill
Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members present
Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays
Constitutional two thirds vote taken by yeas and nays
Reading of bills
Revenue bills
123
Rule 145 No law or ordinance shall pass which ject matter refers to more than one subjectmatter or conetc tains matter different from what is expressed in
the title thereof
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8
Rule 146 No lat or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17
Rule 147 Laws of a general nature shall have General uniform operation throughout the State and no
vaHedhow special law shall be enacted in any case for which
provisions have been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legiswhen6rean lation except with the consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
Rule 148 The General Assembly shall have na Corpora power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries nor to change egatld to1 names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe courts by jaw the manner in which such power shall be
exercised by the courts
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
An amendment to laws and sections of Code
124
Rule 149 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 19
Rule 150 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9
Rule 151 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24
Rule 152 All elections by the General Assembly Shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result
Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1
Relief of recognizance
What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appropriations by separate bills
Adjourn
ments
Elections
125
Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote
Session limited to fifty days
Elections
disorderly
conduct
Expulsion by twothirds vote
Signature of Governor when required
Governors
veto
Rule 153 No bill or ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13
Rule 154 The General Assembly meets annually on the fourth Wednesday in June and the House and Senate are called to order at 10 oclock a m The Annual Sessions are limited to fifty days
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 6
Rule 155 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1
Rule 156 No provision of this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23
Rule 157 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his
126
dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16
Rule 158 Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 17
Rule 159 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4
Rule 160 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or
Effect of twothirds vote thereon
When Governor must approve
Effect of twothirds vote
Twothirds vote required
Twothirds vote required on amendments to Constitution
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Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called
Salaries of Judges
more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
Rule 161 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2
Rule 162 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries not to exceed four thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts shall have salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption
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of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office
The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such changes shall affect the officers then in commission
Art 6 Sec 13 Pars 1 and 2
Rule 163 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 164 When a message shall be sent to the House of Representatives it shall be announced at the door of the House by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 165 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce is being taken A message shall be presented to the House by the Speaker when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business in which the House is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the House
May be changed by a twothirds vote
Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be sub mitted before passage of same
Messages
Messages when received and considered
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Petitions
Motions
Petitions
memorials
etc
Committees
Clerk
Clerk
Duties of Committee on Enrollment
Rule 166 It shall be the order of the day every Wednesday to take up and decide on reports of Committees on Petitions and all petitions shall be numbered as they are received and taken up and disposed of in the order they were received unless otherwise ordered by a majority of a quorum
Rule 167 After a motion is stated by the Speaker or read by the Clerk it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the House but may be withdrawn at any time before the decision by consent of the House
Rule 168 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name find object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Rule 169 The several standing committees of the House shall have leave to report by bill or otherwise The report of the Committee on Rules is in order at any time when the House is not actually engaged in other business
Rule 170 The Clerk of the House shall take an oath for the true and faithful discharge of the duties of his office to the best of his knowledge and abilities and shall be deemed to continue in office until another be elected
Rule 171 The Clerk shall take special care of the books provided for the use of the House
Rule 172 The Committee on Enrollment shall carefully compare enrolled bills and resolutions and correcting any errors that may be discovered in the enrolled bills or other papers make their report forthwith to their respective Houses
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Rule 173 Any motion not privileged containing new matter shall lie at least one day on the table
Rule 174 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Clerk shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Rule 175 When a motion is made by any member it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the House
Rule 176 After the announcement of the standing committee no other members shall be placed thereon except when members have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the Speaker may assign said members to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 177 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the House except the members and officers thereof the officers and members of the Senate the Governor of the State and the heads of the officers of the Executive Department Members of Congress from Georgia State House officers and members of the press actively reporting Legislative proceedings exGovernors Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral in actual commission expresiding officers of the Hbuse and Senate Judges and DistrictAttorneys of the United States Courts and such others as the House may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on the Privileges of the Floor
Rule 178 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the House that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Clerk
Motions not privileged
Record
Not necessary to second motion
Committees how and when enlarged
Privileges of the floor
Duty of Committee on Journals
13
Members to receipt Clerk for books and papers
Adjourn
ment
Motion for yeas and nays not debatable
Signature of Speaker and Clerk
Duty of Messenger
Messengers duty in distributing documents etc
Interlineation forbidden
Buie 179 No member shall take any books or papers from the possession of the House or Clerk without first acquainting the Clerk and giving him a receipt to return the same in a reasonable time or on his demand
Buie 180 The hours of the morning sessions of the House shall be from ten oclock a m to one oclock p m when the House shall stand adjourned until ten oclock a m of the next succeeding day Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the House
Buie 181 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
Buie 182 All Acts and joint resolutions shall be signed by the Speaker and Clerk and all writs warrants and subpoenas issued by order of the House shall be signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk
Buie 183 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the House while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the Speaker to execute the demands of the House from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the Speaker
Buie 184 The Messenger under the direction of the Clerk shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Buie 185 No Committee of the Whole or other committee shall deface or interline a bill resolu
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tion or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendment recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendment relates
Rule 186 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Rule 187 Whenever any member moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the Speaker shall appoint a committee on the part of the House and in such case the committee shall consist of only such members as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the House and if by inadvertence any member be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the House and be excused by the Speaker
Rule 188 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the House it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the House but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 189 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
Rule 190 Every motion for information from the Executive Department shall lie on the table one day
Rule 191 On the call of the yeas and nays the Clerk shall read the names of the members after they have been called and no member shall be
Pairing
Committee on conference
Amend
ments
Majority and minority reports
What motions lie on table
Changing
votes
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Questions of privilege Proviso
permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 192 Questions of privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the House collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of members individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions except a motion to adjourn Provided that when any matter is before the House no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question shall be disposed of
Rule 193 In all elections a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Rule 194 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing Rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
Rule 195 The Auditing Committee shall before auditing the account of any member for expenses of a committeeman or any account prescribed by a member for any expense incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of this House require of such an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item of said account
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ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 196 The following shall be the order of business
f Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of the committee on the Journal
4 Reading of the Journal
5 Confirmation of the Journal
6 Unanimous consents
7 Motions to reconsider
8 Reports of standing committees
9 House bills favorably reported for a second reading
10 Unfinished business of previous session
11 Orders of the day
12 On Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call of the counties for the introduction of new matter On Mondays and Wednesdays third reading of Senate bills and resolutions
13 House bills and resolutions for third reading and House bills and resolutions with Senate amendments
14 On Tuesdays House bills on the calendar adversely reported for a second reading
15 On Mondays and Fridays immediately after the call of the counties Senate bills for first and second reading shall be in order
16 On Wednesdays immediately after the call of the counties all petitions and reports of committees on petitions shall be in order
17 Bills of Senate for third reading
18 Senate resolutions
19 Reports of committees on enrollment may be made at any time
20 After the regular order of business for each day
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shall have been exhausted House Bills for first and second reading and Senate Bills for first and second reading respectively shall be in order
Unless otherwise ordered by the House no general bills or resolutions shall be in order for a third reading or for reconsideration at Saturday s sessions General bills or resolutions otherwise in order for reconsideration on Saturday shall stand over until the following Monday
Rule 197 No committee of the House shall consist of more than eighteen members and no member of the House shall serve on more than three committees This rule however shall not apply to the following committees
Appropriations
General Agriculture No 1
General Agriculture No 2
General Judiciary No 1
General Judiciary No 2
Ways and Means
Penitentiary
As to Enrollment Committee the Speaker is authorized to disregard the rule restricting service of members to three committees
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COMMITTEES
Rule 198 The Speaker shall appoint the following committees
Academy for the Blind
Amendments to the Constitution Appropriations
Auditing
Banks and Banking
Conservation
Corporations
Counties and County Matters
Education
Engrossing
Enrollment
Excuse of Members Absent without Leave Game and Fish
General Agriculture No 1
General Agriculture No 2
General Judiciary No 1 for the consideration of general bills
General Judiciary No 2 for the consideration of general bills
Georgia School for the Deaf
Georgia State Sanitarium
Hall and Rooms
Hygiene and Sanitation
Insurance
Invalid Pensions and Soldiers Home
Journals
Labor and Labor Statistics
Manufactures
Military Affairs
Mines and Mining
Municipal Government
Penitentiary
1S7
Pensions
Privileges and Elections
Privileges of the Floor
Public Highways
Public Library
Public Printing
Public Property
Railroads
Reformatories
Rules of which the Speaker shall be exofficio Chairman
Special Judiciary for consideration of special and local bills
Temperance
University of Georgia and its Branches
Ways and Means
Western and Atlantic Railroad for the consideration of all matters pertaining to the Western and Atlantic Railroad
The Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Ways and Means shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
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CONSTITUTION
of the
STATE OF GEORGIA
BILL OF RIGHTS
PREAMBLE
To perpetuate the principles of free government insure justice to all preserv peace promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty we the people of Georgia relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God do ordain and establish this Constitution
ARTICLE I
Section I
Paragraph I All government of right originates with the people is founded upon their will only and is instituted solely for the good of the whole Public officers are the trustees and servants of the people and at all times amenable to them
Par II Protection to person and property is the paramount duty of government and shall be impartial and complete
Par III No person shall be deprived of life liberty or property except by due process of law
Par IY No person shall be deprived of the right to prosecute or defend his own cause in any of the Courts of this State in person by attorney or both
Par V Every person charged with an offense against the laws of this State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel shall be furnished on demand with a copy of the accusation and a list of the witnesses on whose testimony the charge against him is founded shall have compulsory process to obtain the testimony of his own witnesses shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him and shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury
Par YI No person shall be compelled to give testimony tending in any way to criminate himself
Par VII Neither banishment beyond the limits of the State nor whipping as a punishment for crime shall be allowed
Par VIII No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty more than once for the same offence save on his or her own motion for a new trial after conviction or in case of mistrial
Par IX Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted nor shall any person be abused in being arrested while under arrest or in prison
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Par X No person shall be compelled to pay costs except after conviction on final trial
Par XI The writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended
Par XII All men have the natural and inalienable right to worship God each according to the dictates of his own conscience and no human authority should in any case control or interfere with such right of conscience
Par XIII No inhabitant of this State shall be molested in person or property or prohibited from holding any public office or trust on account of his religious opinions but the right of liberty of conscience shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or iustify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of thf State
Par XIY No money shall ever be taken from the public treasury directly or indirectly in aid of any church sect or denomination of religionists or of any sectarian institution
Par XY No law shall ever be passed to curtail or restrain the liberty of speech or of the press any person may speak write and publish his sentiments on all subjects being responsible for the abuse of that liberty
Par XYI The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the person or things to be seized
Par XVII There shall be within the State of Georgia neither slavery nor involuntary servitude save as a punishment for crime after legal conviction thereof
Par XVIII The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject of legislation
Par XIX The civil authority shall be superior to the military and no soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner nor in time of war except by the civil magistrate in such manner as may be provided by law
Par XX The power of the Courts to punish for contempts shall be limited by legislative acts
Par XXI There shall be no imprisonment for debt
Par XXII The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the manner in which arms may be borne
Par XXIII The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided
Par XXIV The people have the right to assemble peaceably for their common good and to apply to those vested with the powers of government for redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance
Par XXV All citizens of the United States resident in this State are hereby declared citizens of this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact such laws as will protect them in the full enjoyment of the rights privileges and immunities due to such citizenship
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Section II
Paragraph I In all prosecutions or indictments for libel the truth may be given in evidence and the jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law and the facts The power of the Judges to grant new trials in case of conviction is preserved
Par II Treason against the State of Georgia shall consist in levying war against her adhering to her enemies giving them aid and comfort No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or confession in open Court
Par III No conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate
Par IV All lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets are hereby prohibited and this prohibition shall be enforced by penal laws
Par V Lobbying is declared to be a crime and the General As sembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par VI The General Assembly shall have the power to provide for the punishment of fraud and shall provide by law for reaching property of the debtor concealed from the creditor
Section III
Paragraph I In cases of necessity private ways may be granted upon just compensation being first paid by the applicant Private property shall not be taken or damaged for public purposes without just and adequate compensation being first paid
Par 11 No bill of attainder ex post facto law retroactive law or law impairing the obligation of contracts or making irrevocable grants of special privileges or immunities shall be passed
Par III No grant of special privileges or immunities shall be revoked except in such manner as to work no injustice to the corporators or creditors of the incorporation
Section IV
Paragraph I Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular ease by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Par II Legislative Aets in violation of this Constitution or the Constitution of the United Spates are void and the Judiciary shall so declare them
Section V
Paragraph I The people of this State have the inherent sole and exclusive right of regulating their infernal government and the police thereof and of altering and abolishing their Constitution whenever it may be necessary to their safety and happiness
Par II The enumeration of rights herein contained as a part of this Constitution shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent rights which they may have hitherto enjoyed
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ARTICLE II
Elective Franchise
Section I
Paragraph I In all elections by the people the electors shall vote by ballot
Par II Every male citizen of the United States except as hereinafter provided twentyone years of age who shall have resided in this State one year next preceding the election and shall have resided six months in the county in which he offers to vote and shall have paid all taxes which may hereafter be required of him and which he may have had an opportunity of paying agreeable to law except for the year of the election shall be deemed an elector Provided that no soldier sailor or marine in the military or naval service of the United States shall acquire the rights of an elector by reason of being stationed on duty in this State and no person shall vote who if challenged shall refuse to take the following oath or affirmation I do swear or affirm that I am twentyone years of age have resided in this State one year and in this county six months next preceding this election I have paid all taxes which since the adoption of the present Constitution of this State have been required of me previous to this year and which I have had an opportunity to pay and I have not voted at this election
Section II
Paragraph I The General Assembly may provide from time to time for the registration for all electors but the following classes of persons shall not be permitted to register vote or hold any office or appointment of honor or trust in this State towit 1st Those who shall have been convicted in any Court of competent jurisdiction of treason against the State of embezzlement of public funds malfeasance in office bribery or larceny or of any crime involvingmoral turpitude punishable by the laws of this State with imprisonment in this penitentiary unless such person shall have been pardoned 2d Idiots and insane persons
Section III
Paragraph I Electors shall in all eases except for treason felony larceny and breach of the peace be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections and in going to and returning from the same
Section IV
Paragraph I No person who is the holder of any public money contrary to law shall be eligible to any office in this State until the same is accounted for and paid into the treasury
Par II No person who after the adoption of this Constitution being a resident of this State shall have been convicted of fighting a duel in this State or convicted of sending or accepting a challenge or convicted of aiding or abetting such duel shall hold office in this State unless he shall have been pardoned and every such person shall also be subject to such punishment as may be prescribed by law
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Section Y
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall by law forbid the sale distribution or furnishing of intoxicating drinks within two miles of election precincts on days of electionState county or municipal and prescribe punishment for any violation of the same
Section YI
Paragraph I Eeturns of elections for all civil officers elected by the people who are to be commissioned by the Governor and also for the members of the General Assembly shall be made to the Secretary of State unless otherwise provided by law
ARTICLE III
Legislative Department
Section I
Paragraph I The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives
Section II
Paragraph I The Senate shall consist of fortyfour members There shall be fortyfour Senatorial districts as now arranged by counties Each district shall have one Senator
The First Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Chatham Bryan and Effingham
The Second Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Liberty Tattnall and McIntosh
The Third Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wayne Pierce and Appling
The Fourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Glynn Camden and Charlton
The Fifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Coffee Ware and Clinch
The Sixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Echols Lowndes and Berrien
The Seventh Senatorial District shall be composed of thg counties of Brooks Thomas and Colquitt
The Eighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Decatur Mitchell and Miller
The Ninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Early Calhoun and Baker
The Tenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dougherty Lee and Worth
The Eleventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clay Randolph and Terrell
The Twelfth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Stewart Webster and Quitman
The Thirteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Sumter Schley and Macon
The Fourteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counftrVwi of Dooly Wilcox Pulaski and Dodge
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The Fifteenth Senatorial District shall be compose u of the counties of Montgomery Telfair and Irwin
The Sixteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Laurens Emanuel and Johnson
The Seventeenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Screven Bulloch and Burke
The Eighteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Richmond Glascock and Jefferson
The Nineteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Taliaferro Greene and Warren
The Twentieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Baldwin Hancock and Washington
The Twentyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the coun ties of Twiggs Wilkinson and Jones
The Twentysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bibb Monroe and Pike
The Twentythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Houston Crawford and Taylor
The Twentyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Muscogee Marion and Chattahoochee
The Twentyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Harris Upson and Talbot
The Twentysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Spalding Butts and Fayette
The Twentyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Newton Walton Clarke Oconee and Rockdale
The Twentyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Jasper Putnam and Morgan
The Twentyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wilkes Columbia Lincoln and McDuffie
The Thirtieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Oglethorpe Madison and Elbert
The Thirtyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hart Habersham and Franklin
The Thirtysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of White Dawson and Lumpkin
The Thirtythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hall Banks and Jackson
The Thirtyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Gwinnett DeKalb and Henry
The Thirtyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clayton Cobb and Fulton
The Thirtysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Campbell Coweta Meriwether and Douglas
The Thirtyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Carroll Heard and Troup
The Thirtyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Haralson Polk and Paulding
The Thirtyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Milton Cherokee and Forsyth
The Fortieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Union Towns and Rabun
The Fortyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Pickens Fannin and Gilmer
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The Fortysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bartow Floyd and Chattooga
The Fortythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Murray Gordon and Whitfield
The Fortyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Walker Dade and Catoosa
Par III The General Assembly may change these districts after each census of the United States Provided that neither the number of districts nor the number of Senators from each district shall be increased
Section III
Paragraph I The house of Representatives shall consist of one hundred and seventyfive Representatives apportioned among the several counties as follows towit To the six counties having the largest population viz Chatham Richmond Burke Floyd Bibb and Fulton three Representatives each to the twentysix counties having the next largest population viz Dooly Bartow Coweta Decatur Houston Greene Gwinnett Harris Jefferson Meriwether Monroe Muscogee Pulaski DeKalb Hall Walton Sumter Thomas Troup Washington Hancock Carroll Cobb Jackson Oglethorpe and Wilkes two Representatives each and to the remaining one hundred and five counties one Representative each
Par II The above apportionment shall be changed by the General Assembly at its first session after each census taken by the United States Government so as to give the six counties having the largest population three Representatives each and to the twentysix counties having the next largest population two Representatives each but in no event shall the aggregate number of Representatives be increased
Section IY
Paragraph I The members of the General Assembly shall be elected for two years and shall serve until their successors are elected
Par II The first election for members of the General Assembly under this Constitution shall take place On the first Wednesday in December 1877 the second election for the same shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and subsequent elections biennially on that day until the day of elections is changed by law
Par III The first meeting of the General Assembly after the ratification of this Constitution shall be on the fourth Wednesday in October 1878 and annually thereafter on the same day until the day shall be changed by law But nothing herein contained shall be construed to prevent the Governor from calling an extra session of the General Assembly before the first Wednesday in November 1878 if in his opinion the public good shall require it
Par IY A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum totransact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day today and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide
Par Y Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all
145
questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interests and prosperity of this State
Par YI No session of the General Assembly shall continue longer than fifty days Provided that if an impeachment trial pending at the end of fifty days the session may be prolonged till the completion of said trial
Par VII No person holding a military commission or other appointment or office having any emolument or compensation annexed thereto under this State or the United States or either of them except Justices of the Peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either House nor shall any Senator or Representative after his qualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without the advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment having any emolument annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected
Par VIII The seat of a member of either House shall be vacated on his removal from the district or county from which he was elected
Section V
Paragraph I The Senators shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyfive years and who shall have been citizens of this State for four years and for one year residents of the district from which elected
Par II The presiding officer of the Senate shall be styled the President of the Senate and shall be elected viva voce from the Senators
Par III The Senate shall have the sole power to try impeachments
Par IV When sitting for that purpose the members shall be on oath or affirmation and shall be presided over by the Chief Justice or the presiding Justice of the Supreme Court Should the Chief Justice be disqualified the Senate shall elect the Judge of the Supreme Court to preside No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of twothirds of the members present
Par V Judgments in case of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor trust or profit within this State but the party shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment trial judgment and punishment according to law
Section VI
Paragraph I The Representatives shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyone years and who shall have been citizens of this State for two years and for one year residents of the counties from which elected
Par II The presiding officer of the House of Representatives shall be styled the Speaker of the house of Rpresentatives and shall be elected viva voce from the body
Par III The House of Representatives shall have the sole power to impeach all persons who shall have been or may be in office
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Section YII
Paragraph I Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Par II Each House may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its presence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either House
Par III The members of both Houses shall be free from arrest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in going thereto or returning therefrom except for treason felony larceny or breach of the peace and no member shall be liable to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either house
Par IY Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings and publish it immediately after its adjournment
Par Y The original journal shall be preserved after publication in the office of Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof
Par YI The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the journal
Par YII Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in case of actual invasion or insurrection But the first and second reading of each local bill and bank and railroad charters in each House shall consist of the reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed
Par YIII No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subjectmatter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Par IX The general appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government payment of the public debt and interest thereon and the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Par X All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Bepresentatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Par XI No money shall be drawn from the treasury except by appropriation made by law and a regular statement and account of the receipt and expenditure of all public money shall be published every three months and also with the laws passed by each session of the General Assembly
Par XII No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Par XIII All Acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Bepresentatives and no bill ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of law which shall
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have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Par XIV No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly it shall in every instance so appear on the journal
Par XY By an act approved September 24 1885 an amendment to the Constitution was submitted to vote of the people in October 1886 and adopted whereby the original of this paragraph was stricken from this Constitution
Par XVI No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to th introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed
Par XVII No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Par XVIII The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies nor to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the Courts All corporate powers and privileges to banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law
Par XIX The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Par XX The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passenger railway within the limits of any incorporated town or city without the consent of the corporate authorities
Par XXI Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the journal
Par XXII The General Assembly shall have power to make all laws and ordinances consistent with this Constitution and not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States which they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of the State
Par XXIII No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
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Par XXIV Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of a disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Section VIII
Paragraph 1 The officers of the two Houses other than the President and Speaker shall be a Secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the House of Representatives and 3ueh assistants as they may appoint but the clerical expenses of the Senate shall not exceed sixty dollars per day for each session nor those of the House of Representatives seventy dollars per day for each session The Secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the House of Representatives shall be required to give bond and security for the faithful discharge of their respective duties
Section IX
Paragraph I The per diem of members of the General Assembly shall not exceed four dollars and mileage shall not exceed ten cents for each mile traveled by the nearest practicable route in going to and returning from the Capital but the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall each receive not exceeding seven dollars per day
Section X
Paragraph I All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Rpresentatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
Section XI
Paragraph I All property of the wife at the time of her marriage and all property given to inherited or acquired by her shall remain her separate property and not be liable for the debts of her husband
Section XII
Paragraph I All life insurance companies now doing business in this State or which may desire to establish agencies and do business in the State of Georgia chartered by other States of the Union or foreign States shall show that they have deposited with the ComptrollerGeneral of the State in which they are chartered or of this State the Insurance Commissioners or such other officers as may be authorized to receive it not less than one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by such officer equivalent to cash subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of policyholders
Par II When such showing is made to the ComptrollerGeneral of the State of Georgia by a proper certificate from the State official having charge of the funds so deposited the ComptrollerGeneral of the State of Georgia is authorized to issue to the company making such showing a license to do business in the State upon paying the Tees required by law
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Par III All life insurance companies chartered by the State of Georgia or which may hereafter be chartered by the State shall before doing business deposit with the ComptrollerGeneral of the State of Georgia or with some strong corporation which may be approved by said ComptrollerGeneral one hundred thousand dollarsin such securities as may be deemed by him equivalent to cash to be subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of the policyholders of the company making such deposit all interests and dividends arising from such securities to be paid when due to the company so depositing Any such securities as may be needed or desired by the company may be taken from said department at any time by replacing them with other securities equally acceptable tothe ComptrollerGeneral whose certificate for the same shall be furnished to the company
Par IV The General Assembly shall from time to time enact laws to compel all fire insurance companies doing business in thisState whether chartered by this State or otherwise to deposit reasonable securities with the Treasurer of this State to secure the people against loss by the operations of said companies
Par Wj General Assembly shall compel all insurance com
panies in this State or doing business therein under proper penalties to make semiannual reports to the Governor and print the same at their own expense for the information and protection of the people
ARTICLE IV
Power of the General Assembly Over Taxation
Section I
Paragraph I The right of taxation is a sovereign right inalienable indestructible in the life of the State and rightfully belongs tothe people in all Republican governments and neither the General Assembly nor any nor all other departments of the Government established by this Constitution shall ever have the authority to irrevocably give grant limit or restrain this right and all laws grants contracts and all other acts whatsoever by said Government or any department thereof to effect any of these purposes shall be and are hereby declared to be null and void for every purpose whatsoever and said right of taxation shall always be under the completa control of and revocable by the State notwithstanding any gift grant or contract whatsoever by the General Assembly
Section II
Paragraph I The power and authority of regulating railroad freights and passenger tariffs preventing unjust discriminations and requiring reasonable and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs are hereby conferred upon the General Assembly whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time to regulate freight and passenger tariffs to prohibit unjust discriminations on the various railroads of this State and to prohibit said roads from charging other than just and reasonable rates and enforce the same by adequate penalties
Par II The exercise of the right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the General Assembly
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from taking the property and franchises of incorporated companies and subjecting them to public use the same as property of individuals and the exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit corporations to conduct their business in such a manner as to infringe the equal rights of individuals or the general wellbeing of the State
Par III The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation now existing nor alter or amend the same nor pass any other general or special law for the benefit of said corporation except upon the condition that said corporation shali thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution and every amendment of any charter of any corporation in this State or any special law for its benefit accepted thereby shall operate as a novation of said charter and shall bring the same under the provisions of this Constitution Provided That this section shall not extend to any amendment for the purpose of allowing any existing road to take stock in or aid in the building of any branch road
Par IV The General Assembly of this State shall have no power to authorize any corporation to buy shares or stock in any other corporation in this State or elsewhere or to make any contract or agreement whatever with any such corporation which may have the effect or be intended to have the effect to defeat or lessen competition in their respective business or to encourage monopoly and all such contracts and agreements shall be illegal and void
Par V No railroad company shall give or pay any rebate or bonus in the nature thereof directly or indirectly or to do any act to mislead or deceive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freights or passage and any such payments shall be illegal and void and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties
Par VI No provision of this article shall be deemed held or taken to impair the obligation of any contract heretofore made by the State of Georgia
Par VII The General Assembly shall enforce the provisions of this article by appropriate legislation
ARTICLE Y
Executive Department
Section I
Paragraph I The officers of the Executive Department shall consist of a Governor Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer
Par IX The Executive power shall be vested in a Governor who shall hold his offices during the term of two years and until his successor shall be chosen and qualified He shall not be eligible to reelection after the expiration of a second term for the period of four years He shall have a salary of three thousand dollars per annum until otherwise provided by law passed by a twothirds vote of both branches of the General Assembly which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected nor shall he receive within that time any other emolument from the
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United States or either of them or from any foreign power But this reauction of salary shall not apply to the present term of present Governor
Par III The first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and the Governorelect shall be installed in office at the next session of the General Assembly An election shall take place biennially thereafter onsaid day until another date be fixed by the General Assembly Said election shall be held at the places of holding general elections in theseveral counties of this State in the manner prescribed for the election of members of the General Assembly and the electors shall be the same
Par IV The returns for every election of Governor shall be sealed up by the managers separately from other returns and directed tothe President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives and transmitted to the Secretary of State who shall without opening said returns cause the same to be laid before the Senate on the day after the two houses shall have been organized and they shall be transmitted by the Senate to the House of Representatives
Par V The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall convene in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives shall open and publish the returns in the presence and under the direction of the General Assembly and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Governor of this State but if no person shall have such majority then from the two personshaving the highest number of votes who shall be in life and shalL not decline an election at the time appointed by the General Assembly to elect the General Assembly shall immediately elect a Governor viva voce and in all eases of election of a Governor by the General Assembly a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Par VI Contested elections shall be determined by both Houses of the General Assembly in such manner as shall be prescribed by law
Par VII No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor who shall not have been a citizen of the United States fifteen years and a citizen of the State six years and who shall not have attained the age of thirty years
Par VIII In case of the death resignation or disability of the Governor the President of the Senate shall exercise the Executivepowers of the government until such disability be removed or a successor is elected and qualified And in case of the death resignation or disability of the President of the Senate the Speaker of the Houseof Representatives shall exercise the Executive powers of the Government until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor
Par IX The General Assembly shall have power to provide bylaw for filling unexpired terms by special elections
Par X The Governor shall before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation I do solemnlyswear or affirm as the case may be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and will to the best of my ability preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof and the Constitution of the United States of America
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Par XI Tile Governor shall be commanderinChief of the army and navy of this State and of the militia thereof
Par XII He shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons to commute penalties remove disabilities imposed by law and to jremit any part of a seutenee for offences against the State after conviction except in case of treason and impeachment subject to such regulations as may be provided by law relative to the manner of applying for pardons Upon conviction for treason he may suspend the execution of the sentence and report the ease to the General Assembly at the next meeting thereof when the General Assembly shall either pardon commute the sentence direct its execution or grant a further reprieve He shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body each case of reprieve pardon or commutation granted stating the name of the convict the offense for which be was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the reprieve pardon or commutation and the reasons for granting the same He shall take care that the laws are faithfully executed and shall be a conservator of the peace throughout the State
Par XIII He shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate or House of Representatives and shall give the General Assembly from time to time information of the State of the commonwealth and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expedient He shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions but no law shall be enacted at call sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them
Par XIV When any office shall become vacant by death resignation or otherwise the Governor shall have power to fill such vacancy nnless otherwise provided by law and persons so appointed shall continue in office until a successor is commissioned agreeably to the mode pointed out in the Constitution or by law in pursuance thereof
Par XY A person once rejected by the Senate shall not be reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter
Par XVI The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a law notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill shall not be returned by the Governor within five days Sundays excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Par XVII Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved hall be repassed by twothirds of each House
Par XVIII He may require information in writing from the officers in the Executive Department on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices It shall be the duty of the Governor quarterly and oftener if he deems it expedient to examine under oath the Treasurer and ComptrollerGeneral of the State on all matters pertaining to their respective offices and to inspect and review
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their books and accounts The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of either of said officers from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the Same
Par XIX The Governor shall have power to appoint his own Secretaries not exceeding two in number and to provide such other clerical force as may be required in his office but the total cost for Secretaries and clrical force in his office shall not exceed six thousand dollars per annum
Section II
Paragraph I The Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer shall be elected by the persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor The provision of the Constitution as to the transmission of the returns of election counting the votes declaring the result deciding when there is no election and when there is contested election applicable to the election of Governor shall apply to the election of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer they shall be commissioned by the Governor and hold their office for the same time as the Governor
Par II The salary of the Treasurer shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum The clerical expenses of his department shall not exceed sixteen hundred dollars per annum
Par III The salary of the Secretary of State shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the clerical expenses of his department shall not exceed one thousand dollars per annum
Par IY The salary of the ComptrollerGeneral shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum The clerical expenses of his department including the Insurance Department and Wild Land Clerk shall not exceed four thousand dollars per annum and without said clerk it shall not exceed three thousand dollars per annum
Par Y The Treasurer shall not be allowed directly or indirectly to receive any fee interest or reward fom any person bank or corporation for the deposit or use in any manner of the public funds and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par YI No person shall be eligible to the office of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral or Treasurer unless he shall have been a citizen of the United States for ten years and shall have resided in this State for six years next preceding his election and shall be twentyfive years of age when elected All of said officers shall give bond and security under regulations to be prescribed by law for the faithful discharge of their duties
Par VII The Secretary of State the ComptrollerGeneral and the Treasurer shall not be allowed any fees perquisite or compensation other than their salaries as prescribed by law except their necessary expenses when absent from the seat of government on business for the State
Section III
Paragraph I The Great Seal of the State shall be deposited in the office of the Secretary of State and shall not be affixed to any instrument of writing except by order of the Governor or General Assembly and that now in use shall be the Great Seal of the State until otherwise provided by law
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ARTICLE VI
Judiciary
Section I
Paragraph I The judicial powers of this State shall be vested in a Supreme Court Superior Courts Courts of Ordinary Justice of the Peace commissioned Notaries Public and other Courts as have been or may be established by law
Section II
Paragraph I The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and two Associate Justices A majority of the Court shall constitute a quorum
Par II When one or more of the Judges are disqualified from deciding any case by interest or otherwise the Governor shall designate a Judge or Judges of the Superior Courts to preside in said case
Par III No Judge of any Court shall preside in any case where the validity of any bondFederal State corporation or municipal is involved who holds in his own right or as the representative of others any material interests in the class ofsbonds upon which the question to be decided arises
Par IV The Chief Justice and Associate Justices shall hold theiroflice for six years and until their successors are qualified A successor to the incumbent whose term will soonest expire shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1880 a successor to the incumbent whose term of office is next in duration shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1882 and a successor to the third incumbent shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1884 but appointments to fill vacancies shall only be for the unexpired term or until such vacancies are filled by elections agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution
Par V The Supreme Court shasb have no original jurisdiction but shall be a Court alone for the trial and correction of errors from the Superior Courts and from the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like Courts as may be hereafter established in other cities and shall sit at the seat of government at such timein each year as shall be prescribed by law for the trial and determination of writs of error from said Superior and City Courts
Par VI The Supreme Court shall dispose of every case at the first or second term after such writ of error is brought and in ease the plaintiff in error shall not be prepared at the first term to prosecute the caseunless prevented by Providential causeit shall be stricken from the docket and the judgment below shall stand affirmed
Par VII In any case the Court may in its discretion withhold its judgment until the next term after the same is argued
Par VIII The Supreme Court shall hereafter consist of a chief justice and live associate justices The court shall have power to hear and determine cases when sitting either in a body or in two divisions of three judges each under such regulations as may be prescribed by the General Assembly A majority of either division shall constitute a quorum for that division The chief justice and the associate justices of the Supreme Court shall hereafter be elected
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by the people at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor and the State house officers are elected except that the first election under this amendment shall be held on the third Wednesday in December 1896 at which time one associate justice shall be elected for a full term of six years to fill the vacancy occurring on January 1st 1897 by the expiration of the term of one of the present incumbents and three additional associate justices shall be elected for terms expiring respectively January 1st 1899 January 1st 1901 and January 1st 1903 The persons elected as additional associate justices shall among themselves determine by lot which of the three last mentioned terms each shall have and they shall be commissioned accordingly
After said first election all terms except unexpired terms shall be for six years each In case of any vacancy which causes an unexpired term the same shall be filled by executive appointment and the person appointed by the Governor shall hold his office until the next regular election and until his successor for the balance of the unexpired term shall have been elected and qualified The returns of said special election shall be made to the Secretary of State
Act approved December 16 1895
Section III
Paragraph I There shall be a judge of the Superior Court for each Judicial Circuit whose term of office shall be four years and until his successor is qualified He may act in other circuits when authorized by law
Par II The successors to the present incumbents shall be elected by the General Assembly as follows To the half as near as may be whose commissions are the oldest in the year 1878 and to the others in the year 1880 All subsequent elections shall be at the session of the General Assembly next preceding the expiration of the terms of incumbents except elections to fill vacancies The day of election may be fixed by the General Assembly
Par III The terms of the Judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their elections But if the time for the meeting of the General Assembly shall be changed the General Assembly may change the i time when the terms of Judges thereafter elected shall begin
Section IV
Paragraph I The Superior Courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction in cases of divorce in criminal cases where the offender is subjected to loss of life or confinement in the penitentiary in cases respecting titles to land and equity cases
Par II The General Assembly may confer upon the Courts of common law all the powers heretofore exercised by Courts of Equity in this State
Par III Said Courts shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases except as hereinafter provided
Par IV They shall have appellate jurisdiction in all such cases as may be provided by law
Par V They shall have power to correct errors in mfenor judicatories by writ of certiorari which shall only issue on the sanction of the Judge 1 and said Courts and the Judge thereof shall have
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power to issue writs of mandamus prohibition scire facias and all other writs that may be necessary for carrying their powers fully into effect and shall have such other powers as are or may be conferred on them by law
Par YI The General Assembly may provide for an appeal from one jury in the Superior Courts and City to another and the said Court may grant new trials on legal grounds
Par VII The Court shall render judgment without the verdict of a jury in all civil cases founded on unconditional contracts in writing where an issuable defense is not filed under oath or affirmation
Par VIII The Superior Courts shall sit in each county not less than twice in each year at such times as have been or may be appointed by law
Par IX The General Assembly may provide by law for the appointment of some proper person to preside in cases where the presiding Judge is from any cause disqualified
Section V
Paragraph I In any county within which there is or hereafter may be a City Court the Judge of said Court and of the Superior Court may preside in the Courts of each other in eases where the Judge of either Court is disqualified to preside
Section VI
Paragraph I The powers of a Court of Ordinary and of Probate shall be vested in an Ordinary for each county from whose decision there may be an appeal or by consent of parties without a decision to the Superior Court under regulations prescribed by law
Par II The Courts of Ordinary shall have such powers in relation to roads bridges ferries public buildings paupers county officers county funds county taxes and other county matters as may be conferred on them by law
Par III The Ordinary shall hold his office for the term of four years and until his successor is elected and qualified
Section VII
Paragraph I There shall be in each militia district one Justice of the Peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be four years
Par II Justices of the Peace shall have jurisdiction m all civil cases arising ex contractu and in cases of injury or damage to personal property when the principal sum does not exceed one hundred dollars and shall sit monthly at fixed times and places but in all cases there may be an appeal to a jury in said Court or an appeal to the Superior Court under such regulations as may be prescribed
kyparWlII Justices of the Peace shall be elected by the legal voters in their respective districts and shall be commissioned by the Governor They shall be removable on conviction for malpractice m office
Section VIII
Paragraph I Commissioned Notaries Public not to exceed one for each militia district may be appointed by the Judge of the Su
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perior Courts in their respective circuits upon recommendation of the grand juries of the several counties They shall be commissioned by the Governor for the term of four years and shall be ex officio Justices of the Peace and shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section IX
Paragraph I The jurisdiction powers proceedings and practice of all courts or officers invested with judicial powers except city courts of the same grade or class so far as regulated by law and the force and effect of the process judgment and decree by such Courts severally shall be uniform This uniformity must be established by the General Assembly
Section X
Paragraph I There shall be an AttorneyGeneral of the State who shall be elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor
Par II It shall be the duty of the SolicitorGeneral to represent the legal adviser of the Executive Department to represent the State in the Supreme Court in all capital felonies and in all civil and criminal cases in any Court when required by the Governor and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XI
Paragraph I There shall be a SolicitorGeneral for each judicial circuit whose official term except when commissioned to fill an unexpired term shall be four years
Par II It shall be the duty of the SolicitorGeneral to represent the State in all eases in the Superior Courts of his circuit and in all cases taken up from his circuit to the Supreme Court and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XII
Paragraph I The Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral shall be elected by the General Assembly in joint session on such day or days as shall be fixed by joint resolution of both Houses At the session of the General Assembly which is held next before the expiration of the terms of the present incumbents as provided in this Constitution their successors shall be chosen and the same shall apply to the election of those who shall succeed them Vacancies occasioned by death resignation or other cause shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the General Assembly shall convene when an election shall be her to fill the unexpired portion of the vacant terms
Section XIII
Paragraph I The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the Treasury of the State salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts shall have salaries not to exceed two thousand dollars per anhum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the Attorney
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General shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution hut the provisions of this section shall not affect the salaries of those now in office
Par II The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such change shall affect the officers then in commission
Section XIV
Paragraph I No person shall be Judge of the Supreme or Superior Courts or AttorneyGeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained the age of thirty years and shall have been a citizen of the State three years and have practiced law for seven years and no person shall be hereafter elected Solicitor General unless at the time of his election he shall have attained twentyfive years of age shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and shall have practiced law for three years next preceding his election
Section XV
Paragraph I No total divorce shall be granted except on the concurrent verdicts of two juries at different terms of the Court
Par II When a divorce is granted the jury rendering the final verdict shall determine the rights and disabilities of the parties
Section XVI
Paragraph I Divorce cases shall be brought in the county where the defendant resides if a resident of this State if the defendant be not a resident of this State then in the county in which the plaintiff resides
Par II Cases respecting titles to land shall be tried in the county where the land lies except where a single tract is divided by a county line in which case the Superior Court of either county shall have jurisdiction
Par III Equity cases shall be tried in the county where a defendant resided against whom substantial relief is prayed
Par IV Suits against joint obligors joint promissors copartners or joint trespassers residing in different counties may be tried in either county
Par V Suits against the maker and indorser of promissory notes or drawer acceptor and endorser of foreign or inland bills of exchange or like instruments residing in different counties shall be brought in the county where the maker or acceptor resides
Par VI All other civil cases shall be tried in the county where the defendant resides and all criminal cases shall be tried in the county where the crime was committed except cases in the Superior Courts where the Judge is satisfied that an impartial jury cannot be obtained in such county
Paragraph I The power to change the venue in civil and criminal cases shall be vested in the Superior Courts to be exercised in such manner as has been or shall be provided by law
Section XVIII
Paragraph I The right of trial by Jury except where it is otherwise Provided in this Constitution shall remain inviolate but the
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General Assembly may prescribe any number not less than five to constitute a trial or traverse jury in Courts other than the Superior and City Courts
Par II The General Assembly shall provide by law for the selection of the most experienced intelligent and upright men to serve as grand jurors and intelligent and upright men to serve as traverse jurors Nevertheless the grand jurors shall be competent to serve as traverse jurors
Par III It shall be the duty of the General Assembly by general laws to prescribe the manner of nxing compensation of jurors in all counties in this State
Section XIX
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have power to provide for the creation of County Commissioners in such counties as may require them and to define their duties
Section XX
Paragraph I All Courts not specially mentioned by name in the first section of this article may be abolished in any county at the discretion of the General Assembly
Section XXI
Paragraph I The costs in the Supreme Court shall not exceed ten dollars unless otherwise provided by law Plaintiffs in error shall not be required to pay costs in said Court when the usual pauper oath is filled in the Court below
AETICLE VII
Finance Taxation and Public Debt
Section I
Paragraph I The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only
For the support of the State Government and the public institutions
For educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only
To pay the interest on the public debt
To pay the principal of the public debt
To suppress insurrection to repel invasion and defend the State in time of war
To supply the soldiers who lost a limb or limbs in the military service of the Confederate States with substantial artificial limbs during life and make suitable provisions for such Confederate soldiers as may have been otherwise disabled or permanently injured in such service or who may by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselves and for the widows of such Confederate soldiers as may have died in the service of the Confederate States or since from
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wounds received therein or disease contracted in the service or who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselves provided that the Act shall only apply to such widows as were married at the time of such service and have remained unmarried since the death of such soldier husband
Section II
Paragraph I All taxation shall be uniform upon the same class of subjects and ad valorem on all property subject to be taxed within the territorial limits of the authority levying the tax and shall be levied and collected under general laws The General Assembly may however impose a tax on such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive of other property
Par II The General Assembly may by law exempt from taxation all public property places of religious worship or burial all institutions of purely public charity all buildings erected for and used as a college incorporated academy or other seminary of learnings the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other literary association used by or connected with such library all books and philosophical apparatus and all paintings and statuary of any company or association kept in a public hall and not held as merchandise or for purpose of sale or gain Provided the property so exempted be not used for purpose of private or corporate profit or income
Par III No poll tax shall be levied except for educational purposes and such tax shall not exceed one dollar annually upon each poll
Par IV All laws exempting property from taxation other than the property herein enumerated shall be void
Par V The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall not be surrendered or suspended by any contact or grant to which the State shall be a party
Section III
Paragraph I No debt shall be contracted by or on behalf of the State except to supply casual deficiencies of revenue to repel invasion suppress insurrection and defend the State in time of war or to pay the existing public debt but the debt created to supply deficiencies in revenue shall not exceed in the aggregate two hundred thousand dollars
Section IV
Paragraph I All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by or on behalf of the State shall specify the purposes for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purposes specified and for no other
Section V
Paragraph I The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual company corporation or association and the State shall not become a joint owner or stockholder in any company association or corporation
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Section VI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not authorize any county municipal corporation or political division of this State to become a stockholder in any company corporation or association or to appropriate money for or to loan its credit to any corporation company association institution or individual except for purely charitable purposes This restriction shall not operate to prevent the support of schools by municipal corporations within their respective limits Provided that if any municipal corporation shall offer to the State any property for locating or building a capitol and the State accepts such offer the corporation may comply with such offer
Par II The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose except for educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only to build and repair the public buildings and bridges to maintain and support prisoners to pay jurors and coroners and for litigation quarantine roads and expenses of Courts to support paupers and pay debts heretofore existing
Section VII
Paragraph I The debt hereafter incurred by any county municipal corporation or political division of this State except as in this Constitution provided for shall never exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein and no such county municipality or division shall incur any new debt except for a temporary loan or loans to supply casual deficiencies of revenue not to exeed onefifth of one per centum of the assessed value of taxable property therein without the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters thereof at an election for that purpose to be held as may be prescribed by law but any city the debt of which does not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property at the time of the adoption of this Constitution may be authorized by law to increase at any time the amount of said debt three per centum upon such assessed valuation
Par II Any county municipal corporation or political division of this State which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this Constitution shall at or before the time of so doing provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebtedness
Section VIII
Paragraph I The State shall not assume the debt nor any part thereof of any county municipal corporation or political division of the State unless such debt shall be contracted to enable the State to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of war
Section IX
Paragraph I The receiving directly or indirectly by any officer of the State or county or member or officer of the General Assembly of any interests profits or perquisites arising from the use or loan of public funds in his hands or moneys to be raised through his agency for State or county purposes shall be deemed a felony and
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punishable as may be prescribed by law a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office
Section X
Paragraph I Municipal corporations shall not incur any debt until provision therefor shall have been made by the municipal government
Section XI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money either directly or indirectly to pay the whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds or other obligations which have been pronounced illegal null and void by the General Assembly and the constitutional amendments ratified by a vote of the people on the first day of May 1877 nor shall the General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created by the State under laws passed during the late war between the States nor any of the bonds notes or obligations made and entered into during the existence of said war the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the United States and the Confederate States nor shall the General Assembly pass any law or the Governor or other State official enter into any contract or agreement whereby the State shall be made a party to any Suit in any Court of this State or of the United States instituted to test the validiy ox any such bonds or obligaions
Section XII
Paragraph I The bonded debt of the State shall never be increased except to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend the State in time of war
Section XIII
Paragraph I The proceeds of the Sale of the Western and Atlantic Macon and Brunswick or other railroads held by the State and any other property owned by the State whenever the General Assembly may authorize the sale of the whole or any part thereof shall be applied to the payment of the bonded debt of the State and shall not be used for any other purpose whatever so long as the State has any existing bonded debt Provided that the proceeds of the Sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which said railroad has been mortgaged in preference to all other bonds
Section XIY
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each year in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses and interest on the public debt the sum of one hundred thousand dollars which shall be held as a sinking fund to pay off and retire the bonds of the State which have not yet matured and shall be applied to no other purpose whatever If the bonds cannot at any time be purchased at or below par then the sinking fund herein provided for may be loaned by the Governor and Treasurer of the State Provided the security which shall be demanded for said loan shall consist only of the valid bonds of the State but this section shall not take effect
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until the eight per cent currency bonds issued under the Act of February the 19th 1873 shall have been paid
Section XY
Paragraph I The ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer shall each make to the Governor a quarterly report of the financial condition of the State which report shall include a statement of the assets liabilities ana income of the State and expenditures therefor for three months preceding and it shall be the duty of the Governor to carefully examine the same by himself or through competent persons connected with his department and cause an abstract thereof to be published for the information of the people which abstract shall be indorsed by him as having been examined
Section XYI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not by vote resolution or order grant any donation or gratuity in favor of any person corporation or association
Par II The General Assembly shall not grant or authorize extra compensation to any public officer agent or contractor after the service has been rendered or the contract entered into
Section XYII
Paragraph I The office of the State Printer shall cease with the expiration of the term of the present incumbent and the General Assembly shall provide by law for letting the public printing to the lowest responsible bidder or bidders who shall give adequate and satisfactory security for the faithful performance thereof1 No member of the General Assembly or other public officer shall be interested either directly or indirectly in any such contract
ARTICLE Yin
Education
Section I
Paragraph I There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of children in the elementary branches of an English education only as nearly uniform as practicable the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation or otherwise The schools shall be free to all children of the State but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races
Section II
Paragraph I There shall he a State School Commissioner elected by the people at the same time and manner as the Governor and State house officers are elected whose term of office shall he two years and until his successor is elected and qualified His office shall he at the seat of the government and he shall he paid a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars 2000 per annum The General Assembly may substitute for the State School Commissioner such officer or officers as may he deemed necessary to perfect the system of public education
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Section III
Paragraph I The poll tax any educational fund now belonging to the State except the endowment of and debts due to the University of Georgia a special tax on shows and exhibitions and of the sale of spirituous and malt liquors which the General Assembly is hereby authorized to assess and the proceeds of any commutation tax for military service and all taxes that may be assessed on such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive to other property are hereby set apart and devoted for the support of common schools
Section IY
Paragraph I Authority may be granted to counties upon the recommendation of two grand juries and to municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation but no such local laws shall take eff eet until the same shall have been submitted to a vote of the qualified voters in each county or municipal corporation and approved by a two thirds vote of persons qualified to vote at such election and the General Assembly may prescribe who shall vote on such question
Section Y
Paragraph I Existing local school systems shall not be affected by this Constitution Nothing contained in section first of this article shall be construed to deprive schools in this State not common schools from participation in the educational fund of the State as to all pupils therein taught in the elementary branches of an English education
Section YI
Paragraph I The Trustees of the University of Georgia may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of said University In addition to the payment of the annual interest on the debt due by the State to the University the General Assembly may form time to time make such donations thereto as the condition of the treasury will authorize And the General Assembly may also from time to time make such appropriations of money as the condition of the treasury will authorize to any college or university not exceeding one in number now established or hereafter to be established in this State for the education of persons of color
ARTICLE IX
Homestead and Exemption
Section I
Paragraph I There shall be exempt from levy and sale by virtue of any process whatever under the laws of this State except as hereinafter excepted of the property of every head of a family or guardian or trustee of a family of minor children or every aged or infirm
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person or persons having the care and support of dependent females of any age who is not the head of a family realty or personalty or both to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars
NoteTh above provision of the Constitution was especially submitted to the people and ratified as a part thereof by them on December 5th 1877
Section II
Paragraph I No Court or ministerial officer in this State shall ever have jurisdiction or authority to enforce any judgment execution or decree against the property set apart for such purpose including such improvements as may be made thereon from time to time except for taxes for the purchase money of the same for labor done thereon for material furnished therefor or for the removal of incumbrances thereon
Section III
Paagraph I The debtor shall have power to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in this article except as to wearing apparel and not exceeding three hundred dollars worth of household and kitchen furniture and provisions to be selected by himself and wife if any and he shall not after it is set apart alienate or encumber the property so exempted but it may be sold by the debtor and his wife if any jointly with the sanction of the Judge of the Superior Court of the county where the debtor resides or the land is situated the proceeds to be reinvested upon the same uses
Section IY
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall provide by law as early as practicable for the setting apart and valuation of said property But nothing in this article shall be construed to affect or repeal the existing laws for exemption of property from sale contained in the present Code of this State in paragraphs 2040 to 2049 inclusive and the Act amendatory thereto It may be optional with the applicant to take either but not both of such exemptions
Section Y
Paragraph I The debtor shall have authority to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in section four except as is excepted in section three of this article
Section YI
Paragraph I The applicant shall at any time have the right to supplemnt his exemption by adding to an amount already set apart which is less than the whole amount of exemption herein allowed a sufficiency to make his exemption equal to the whole amount
Section Yli
Paragraph I Homestead and exemptions of personal property which have been heretofore set apart by virtue of the provisions of the existing Constitution of this State and in accordance with the laws for the enforcement thereof or which may hereafter so set apart at any time shall be and remain valid as against all debts and liabilities existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution to the
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same extent that they would have been had said existing Constitution not been revised
Section VIII
Paragraph I Eights which have become vested under previously existing laws shall not be affected by anything herein contained In all cases in which homesteads have been set apart under the Constitution of 1868 and the laws made in pursuance thereof and a bona fide sale of such property has been subsequently made and the full purchase price thereof paid all right of exemption in such property by reason of its having been so set apart shall cease in so far as it affects the right of the purchaser In all such cases where a part only of the purchase price has been paid such transactions shall be governed by the laws now of force in this State in so far as they affect the rights of the purchaser as though said property had not been set apart
Section IX
Paragraph I Parties who have taken a homestead of realty under the Constitution of eighteen hundred and sixtyeight shall have the right to sell said homestead and reinvest the same by order of the Judge of the Superior Courts of this State
AETICLE X
Militia
Section I
Paragraph I A well regulated militia being essential to the peace and security of the State the General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this State shall be organized officered trained armed and equipped and of whom it shall consist
Par II The General Assembly shall have power to authorize the formation of volunteer companies and to provide for their organization into battalions regiments brigades divisions and corps with such restrictions as may be prescribed by law and shall have authority to arm and equip the same
Par III The officers and men of the militia and volunteer forces shall not be entitled to receive any pay rations or emoluments when not in active service by authority of the State
AETICLE XI
Counties and County Officers
Section I
Paragraph I Each county shall be a body corporate with such powers and limitations as may be prescribed by law All suits by or against a county shall be in the name thereof and the metes and bounds of the several counties shall remain as now prescribed by law unless changed as hereinafter provided
Par II No new County shall be created
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Par III County lines shall not be changed unless under the operation of a general law for that purpose
Par IY No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Par v Any county may be dissolved and merged with contiguous counties by a twothirds vote of the qualified electors of such county voting at an election held for that purpose
Section II
Paragraph I The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their offices for two years They shall be removed on conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible to any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless ho shall have been a resident of the county for two years and is a qualified voter
Section III
Paragraph I Whatever tribunal or officers may hereafter be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of county matters shall be uniform throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for the appointment of commissioners of roads and revenue in any county
ARTICLE XII
The Laws op General Operation in Force in this State
Section I
Paragraph I The laws of general operation in this State are first as the supreme law The Constitution of the United States the laws of the United States in pursuance thereof and all treaties made under the authority of the United States
Par II Second As next in authority thereto this Constitution
Par III Third In subordination to the foregoing All laws now of force in this State not inconsistent with this Constitution and the ordinances of this Convention Shall remain of force until the same are modified or repealed by the General Assembly The tax acts and appropriation acts passed by the General Assembly of 1877 and approved by the Governor of the State and not inconsistent with the Constitution are hereby continued in force until altered by law
Par IY Local and private acts passed for the benefit of counties cities towns corporations and private persons not inconsistent with the supreme law nor with this Constitution and which have not expired nor been repealed shall have the force of statute law subject to judicial decision as to their validity when passed and to any limitations imposed by their own terms
Par Y All rights privileges and immunities which may have vested in or accrued to any person or persons or corporations in his her or their own right or in any fiduciary capacity under and
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in virtue of any act of the General Assembly or any judgment decree or order or other proceeding of any court of competent jurisdiction in this State heretofore rendered shall be held inviolate by all courts before which they may be brought in question unless attacked for fraud
Par VI All judgments decrees orders and other proceedings of the several courts of this State heretofore made within the limits of their several jurisdictions are hereby ratified and affirmed subject only to reversion by motion for a new trial appeal bill of review or other proceeding in conformity with the law of force when they were made
Par VII The officers of the government now existing shall continue in the exercise of their several functions until their successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified but nothing herein is to apply to any officer whose office may be abolished by this Constitution
Par VIII The ordinances of this Convention shall have the force of laws until otherwise provided by the General Assembly except the ordinances in reference to submitting the homestead and Capital questions to a vote of the people which ordinances after being voted on shall have the effect of constitutional provisions
ARTICLE XIII
Amendments to the Constitution
Section I
Paragraph I Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon And the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more papers in each Congressional district for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall also provide for a submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members or the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they Shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Par II No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable
NoteUnder the ordinance of the Convention submitting the question of the location of the capital to the people the city of Atlanta was ceosen December 5th 1877
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Section IL
Paragraph I The Constitution shall be submitted for ratification or rejection to the voters of the State at an election to be held on the first Wednesday in December one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven in the several election districts of this State at which election every person shall be entitled to vote who is entitled to vote for the members of the General Assembly under the constitution and laws of force at the date of such election said election to be held and conducted as is now provided by law for holding elections for members of the General Assembly All persons voting at said election in favor of adopting the Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words For Ratification and all persons opposed to the adoption of this Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words Against Ratification
Par II The votes cast at said election shall be consolidated in each of the counties of the State as is now required by law in elections for members of the General Assembly and returns thereof made to the Governor and should a majority of all the votes east at said election be in favor of ratification he shall declare the said Constitution adopted and make proclamation of the result of said selection by publication in one or more newspapers in each Congressional district of the State but should a majority of the votes cast be against ratification he shall in the same manner proclaim the said Constitution rejected
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION
An Act to amend Paragraph 2 and 3 of Section 3 of Article 6 and Paragraph 1 of Section 11 of Article 6 of the Constitution of this State so as to provide for the election of the Judges of Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral by the electors of the whole State
Acts 1897 page 16
An Act to amend Section 1 Article 7 Paragraph 1 of the Constitution of Georgia so as to extend the provisions of said Section Article and Paragraph to the widows of Confederate Soldiers who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselves and for other purposes
Acts of 1899 page 19
An Act to amend Article 7 Section 1 of the Constitution of this State so as to limit the levy of taxes on property for any one year by the General Assembly to five mills on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in this State except for the purpose of repelling invasion suppressing insurrection or defending the State in time of war and for other purposes
Acts of 1903 page 21
An Act to alter and amend Article 8 Section 4 Paragraph 1 of the Constitution of the State by striking out the words upon the recom
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mendation of two grand juries which begin in the first line after the word Counties and end in the second line before the word and and substituting therefor the words 1 Militia Districts School Districts and by inserting the words Military Districts School Districts in the seventh line after the word County and before the word or and further by striking out the word t twothirds which begins in the seventh line after the word a and ends in the eighth line before the word vote and substituting therefor the words twothirds majority of those voting and the manner of submitting the same for ratification and for other purposes
Acts of 1903 page 23
An Act to amend Paragraph 2 of Section 1 of Article 11 of the Constitution of this State by striking out all of said Paragraph 2 Section 1 Article II and inserting in lieu thereof the following There shall not be more than one hundred and fortyfive Counties in this Statet
Acts 1904 page 47
An Act to amend Section 3 Article 3 of the Constitution of this State which provides for the number of members of the House of Representatives by striking out Paragraph 1 of iaid Section of said Article and substituting in lieu thereof a Paragraph allowing an increase in the number of members of said House and naming the Counties now entitled to more than one Representative
Acts 1904 page 48
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ORDINANCES
AN ORDINANCE
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled
1st That the question of the location of the capital of this State be kept out of the Constitution to be adopted by this Convention
2d That at the first general election hereafter held for members of the General Assembly every voter may indorse on his ballot Atlanta or Milledgeville and the one of these places receiving the largest number of votes shall be the capital of the State until changed by the same authority and in the same way that may be provided for the alteration of the Constitution that may be adopted by the Convention whether said Constitution be ratified or rejected And that every person entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the present Constitution and laws of this State shall be entitled to vote under this ordinance and in the event of the rejection of said Constitution shall should a majority of votes east be in favor of Milledgeville then this provision to operate and take effect as an amendment to the present Constitution
AN ORDINANCE
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled and it is hereby ordained by authority of the same
1st That the article adopted by this Convention on the subject of Homestead and Exemption shall not form a part of this Constitution except as hereinafter provided
2d At the election held for the ratification or rejection of this Constitution it shall be lawful for each voter to have written or printed on his ballot the words Homestead of 1877 or the words Homestead of 1868
3d In the event that a majority of the ballots so cast have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1877 then said article so adopted by this Convention shall form a part of the Constitution submitted if the same is ratified but in the event that said Constitution so submitted shall not be ratified then the article on Homestead and Exemptions so adopted as aforesaid by this Convention shall supersede article seven of the Constitution of 1868 on the subject of Homestead and Exemptions and form a part of this Constitution
4th If a majority of the ballots so cast as aforesaid shall have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1868 then article seventh of the Constitution of 1868 shall supersede the article on Homestead and Exemptions adopted by this Convention and shall be incorporated in nd form a part of the Constitution so submitted and ratified
Read and adopted in Convention August 22 1877
Attest C J JENKINS
President Constitutional Convention
JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary
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AN ORDINANCE
Whereas A committee has been appointed by this Convention to consider and inquire into the ways and means by which the expenses of this Convention over and above those provided for by the General Assembly can be defrayed and whereas the committee are satisfied that a sufficient sum of money for the same can be procured by an ordinance of this Convention therefore Be it ordained 6y the people of Georgia in Convention assembled and it is hereby ordained by authority of the same
That the President of this Convention shall be and he is hereby empowered by authority of this Convention to negotiate a loan of a sufficient sum of money at seven per cent per annum to defray the residue of the expenses of this Convention not provided for by the Act of the General Assembly galling this Convention
Read and adopted in Convention August 18 1877
Attest C J JENKINS
President Constitutional Convention JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary
AN ORDINANCE
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled 1st That the Constitution as adopted and revised be enrolled and signed by the officers and members of this Convention
2 That the Governor shall issue his proclamation ordering an election for members of the General Assembly and a vote upon the ratification or rejection of this Constitution as therein provided and a vote upon the Capital and Homestead questions as provided by the ordinances of this Convention
Read and adopted in Convention August 25th 1877
Attest C J JENKINS
President Constitutional Convention JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary
AN ORDINANCE
There shall be sixteen Judicial Circuits in this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to organize and apportion the same in such manner as to equalize the business and labor of the Judges in said several circuits as far as may be practicable But the General Assembly shall have power hereafter to recognize increase or diminish the number of circuits Provided however that the circuits shall remain as now organized until changed by law
Read and adopted in Convention August 23 1877
Attest C J JENKINS
President Constitutional Convention
JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary
174
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION
Paragraph 15 of Section 7 Article 3 stricken out
Paragraph 1 Section 1 Article 7 amended by adding at the end of said paragraph the following words And to make suitable provisions for such Confederate soldiers as may have been permanently injured in such service
See Acts of 18841885
Paragraph 1 Section 1 Article 7 also amended by adding at the end of said paragraph the following words And to make suitable provision for such Confederate soldiers as may have otherwise been disabled or permanently injured in such service and for the widows of such Confederate soldiers as mqr have died in the service of the Confederate States or since from wounds received therein or diseases contracted therein
Paragraph 3 Section 4 Article 2 amended by striking out biennially after the word and and before the word thereafter and substituting therefor the word annually
Paragraph 6 Section 4 Article 2 amended by striking out the words forty days unless by a twothirds vote of the whole number of each House and substituting therefor fifty days These amendments were construed to apply to Article 3 instead of Article 2
Paragraph 7 Section 7 Article 3 amended by adding thereto but the first and second reading of each local bill and bank and railroad charters in each House shall consist of the reading of the title only unless Said bill is ordered to be engrossed
Paragraph 18 Section 7 Article 3 amended by striking out after the word companies in the second line the following words viz Except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies and substituting therefor at the end of said paragraph after the word 1 courts the following viz 1 All corporate powers and privileges to banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law
See Acts of 189091 Yol 1 pages 55 to 60 inclusive
Paragraph 1 Section 1 of Article 7 by adding after the word service in the thirteenth line of said paragraph the following words towit Or who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselves
Act approved December 19 1893 Adopted by vote of the people Oct 1894
Paragraph 2 Section 3 Article 6 amended so that the same shall read as follows The successors to the present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly of the whole State at the general election hejd for such members next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years
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Paragraph 3 Section 3 Article 6 amended so that said paragraph shall read as follows 11 The terms of the judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their election Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a Successor for the unexpired term shall be elected
Paragraph 1 Section 11 Article 6 amended so that the same shall read as follows There shall be a SolicitorGeneral for each judicial circuit whose official term except to fill a vacancy shall be four years The successors of present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the whole State qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other cause Shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected provided that the successor for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years
Paragraph 1 Section 1 Article 7 amended so that the same shall read as follows and for the widows of Such Confederate soldiers who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselves provided that the Act shall only apply to such widows as were married at the time of such service and have remained unmarried siuee the death of such Soldier husband
Paragraph 1 Section 3 Article 8 be amended to read as follows The Legislature shall have authority to add one or more additional judges of the superior court for any judicial circuit in this State and shall have authority to regulate the manner in which the judges of such circuits shall dispose of the business thereof and shall fix the time at which the term or terms of office of such additional judge or judges shall begin and the manner of his appointment or election and shall have authority from time to time to add to the number of such judges in any judicial circuit or to reduce the number of judges in any judicial circuit provided that at all times there Shall be at least one judge in every judicial circuit of this State
Paragraph 1 Section 1 Article 6 be amended to read as follows The judicial powers of the State shall be vested in a Supreme Court a Court of Appeals superior courts courts of ordinary justices of the peace commissioned notaries public and such other courts ashave been or may be established by law
Paragraph 5 Section 2 Article 6 be amended to read as follows The Supreme Court shall have no original jurisdiction but shall be a court alone for the trial and correction of errors in law and equity from the superior courts in all civil cases whether legal or equitable originating therein or carried thereto from the court of ordinary and in all cases of conviction of a capital felony and for the determination of questions certified to it by the Court of Appeals and shall sit at the seat of government at such times in each year as are or may
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be prescribed by law for the trial and determination of writs of error xrom the superior courts and of questions certified to it as aforesaid The provisions of this paragraph shall become effective on the first day of January Anno Domini nineteen hundred and seven but shall not affect cases which on that date are pending in the Supreme Court except that cases then pending therein of the kind of which the Court of Appeals has jurisdiction may be transferred by the Supreme Court to the Court of Appeals Any case thereafter carried to the Supreme Court which is of the class of which the Court of Appeals has jurisdiction may be transferred to the Court of Appeals under such rules as the Supreme Court may prescribe until otherwise provided by law and the court of Appeals shall try the cases so transferred Section 2 Article 6 by adding a paragraph to be known as Paragraph 9 which shall read as follows
The Court of Appeals shall until otherwise provided by law consist of three judges of whom two shall constitute a quorum It shall sit at the seat of government and at such other places as may be prescribed by law The Governor shall immediately on the ratification of this amendment call an election to be held on Tuesday after the first Monday in November Anno Domini nineteen hundred and six at which the judges of the Court of Appeals shall be elected in the manner in which Justices of the Supreme Court are elected The returns of saicfelection shall be made to the Secretary of State and the Secretary of State shall canvass the returns and declare the three persons receiving the greatest number of votes to be elected The terms of office of the judges then elected shall begin on the first day of January Anno Domini nineteen hundred and seven and shall continue respectively two four and six years and until their successors are qualified The persons so elected shall among themselves determine by lot which of the terms each shall have and they shall be commissioned accordingly by the Governor All terms of the judges of the Court of Appeals after the expiration of the terms aforesaid except unexpired terms shall continue six years and until their successors are qualified The times and manner of all other elections and the mode of filling a vacancy which causes an unexpired term shall be the same as are or may be provided for by the laws relating to the election and appointment of Justices of the Supreme Court The Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction for thetrial and correction of errors in law and equity from the superior courts in all cases in which such jurisdiction is not conferred by this Constitution on the Supreme Court and from the City courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other lie courts as have been or may be hereafter established in other cities and in such other cases as may hereafter be prescribed by law except that where in a case pending in the Court of Appeals a question is raised as to the construction of a provision of the Constitution of this State or of the United States or as to the constitutionality of an Act of the General Assembly of this State and a decision of the question is necessary to the determination of the case the Court of Appeals shall so certify to the Supreme Court and thereupon a transcript of the record shall be transmitted to the Supreme Court which after having afforded to the parties an opportunity to be heard thereon shall instruct the Court of Appeals on the question so certified and the Court of Appeals shall be bound by the instruction so given But if by reason of an equal division of opinion among the Justices of the Supreme Court no such in
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strueticm is given the Court of appeals may decide the question 1 he Court of Appeals may at any time certify to the Supreme Court thor question of law concerning which it desires the instruction of the Supreme Court for proper decision and thereupon the Supreme Court shall give its instruction on the question certified to it which shall be binding on the Court of Appeals in such case Th manner of certifying questions to the Supreme Court by the Court of Appeals and the subsequent proceedings m regard to th same m the Supreme Court shall be as the Supreme Court shall by its rules prescribe until otherwise provided oy law No affirmance of the judgment of tjie court below in cases pending in the Court of Appeals shall result from delay in disposing of questions certified by the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court All writs of error in the Court of Appeals when received by its clerk during a term of the Court and before the docket of the term is by order of the Court closed shall be entered thereon and when received at any other time shall be entered on the docket of the next term and they shall stand for hearing at the term for which they are so entered under such rules as the Court may prescribe until otherwise provided by law The Court of Appeals shall appoint a clerk and a sheriff of the court The reporter of the Supreme Court shall be reporter of the Court of Appeals until otherwise provided by law The first term of the Court of Appeals shall be held on the first Monday in January Anno Domini nineteen hundred and seven The laws relating to the Supreme Court as to qualifications and salaries of the judges the designation of other judges to preside when members of the Court are disqualified the powers duties salaries fees and terms of officers the mode of carrying cases to the Court the powers practice procedure times of sitting and costs of the Court the publication of reports of cases decided therein and in all other respect except as otherwise provided in this Constitution and until otherwise provided by law shall apply to the Court of Appeals so far as they can be made to apply The decisions of the Supreme Court shall bind the Court of Appeals as precedents V
Section 1 of Article 2 repealed and the following Section consisting of nine paragraphs inserted in lieu thereof
Paragraph 1 After the year 1908 elections by the people shall be by ballot and only those persons shall be allowed to vote who have been first registered in accordance with the requirements of law
Paragraph 2 Every male citizen of this State who is a citizen of the United States twentyone years old or upwards not laboring under any of the disabilities named in this Article and possessing the qualifications provide by it shall be an elector and entitled to register and vote at any election by the people provided that no soldier sailor or marine in the military or naval services of the United States shall acquire rights of an elector by reason of being stationed on duty in this State
Paragraph 3 To entitle a person to register and vote at any election by the people he shall have resided in the State one year next preceding the election and in the county in which he offers to vote six months next preceding the election and shall have paid all taxes which may have been required of him since the adoption of the Constitution of Georgia of 1877 that he may have had an opportunity of paying agreeably to law Such payment must have been made at least six months prior to the election at which he offers to
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vote except when such elections are held withiu six months from the expiration of the time fixed by law for the payment of such taxes
Paragraph 4 Every male citizen of this State shall be entitled to register as an elector and to vote in all elections in said State who is not disqualified under the provisions of Section 2 of Article 2 of this Constitution and who possesses the qualifications prescribed in paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section or who will possess them at the date of the election occurring next after his registration and who in addition thereto comes within either of the classes provided for in the five following subdivisions of this paragraph
11 All persons who have honorably served in the land or naval forces of the United States in the Revolutionary War or in the War of 1812 or in the War with Mexico or in any War with the Indians or in the War between the States or in the War with Spain or who honorably served in the land or naval forces of the Confederate States or of the State of Georgia in the War between the States or
2 All persons lawfully descended from those embraced in the classes enumerated in the subdivision next above or
3 All persons who are of good character and understand the duties and obligations of citizenship under a Republican form of government or
i4 AH persons who can correctly read in the English language any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State and correctly write the same in the English language when read to them by any one of the registrars and all persons who solely because of physical disability are unable to comply with the above requirements but who can understand and give a reasonable interpretation of any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or oi this State that may be read to them by any one of the registrars or
5 Any person who is the owner in good faith m his own right of at least forty acres of land situated in this State upon which he resides or is the owner in good faith in his own right of property situated in this State and assessed for taxation at the value of 50000 j
11 Paragraph 5 The right to register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of paragraph 4 shall continue only until January 1st 1915 But the registrars shall prepare a roster of all persons who register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of paragraph 4 and shall return the same to the clerks office of the Superior Court of their counties and the clerks of the Superior Court shall send copies of the same to the Secretary of State and it shall be the duty of these officers to record and permanently preserve these rosters Any person who has been once registered under either of the subdivisions 1 or 2 of paragraph 4 shall thereafter be permitted to vote provided he meets the requirements of paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section
11 Paragraph 6 Any person to whom the right of registration is denied by the registrars upon the ground that he lacks the qualifications set forth in the five subdivisions of paragraph 4 shall have the right to take an appeal and any citizen may enter an appeal from the decision of the registrars allowing any person to register under said subdivisions All appeals must be filed in writing with the registrars within ten days from the date of the decision complained of and shall be returned by the registrars of the office of the clerk of the Superior Court to be tried as other appeals
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Paragraph 7 Pending an appeal and until the final decision of the case the judgment of the registrars shall remain in full force
Paragraph 8 No person shall be allowed to participate in a primary of any political party or a convention of any policital party in this State who is not a qualified voter
Paragraph 9 The machinery provided by law for the registration of force October 1st 1908 shall be used to carry out the provisions of this Section except where inconsistent with same the legislature may change or amend the registration laws from time to time but no such change or amendment shall operate to defeat any of the provisions of this Section
See Acts of 1908 pages 27 28 29
Paragraph 1 of Section 3 Article 3 of the Constitution of Geor gia as amended by an Act approved July 27 1904 is hereby amended by striking 183 Representatives in the said paragraph of tbe Constitution as amended and substituting 184 Representatives 7
See Acts of 1908 pages 31 and 32
Article seven 7 Section six 6 of the Constitution of said State be amended as follows towit
By adding to paragraph two 2 of said Section and Article the following words towit To pay the county police and to provide for necessary sanitation7 7
See Acts of 1908 page 33
Paragraph 1 Section 1 Article 7 of the Constitution of this State be amended by adding at the end of said paragraph the following To make provision for the payment of pensions to any exConfederate soldier now resident of this State who enlisted in the militray service of this State or who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States during the civil war between the States of the United States and who performed actual military service in the armies of the Confederate States or the organized militia of this State and was honorably discharged therefrom and to widows now residents of this State of exConfederate soldiers who enlisted in the military service of this State or who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States and who performed actual service in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State who died in said military service or was honorably discharged Note by Compiler
The foregoing proposed amendment to the Constitution originated in the House and was passed by the Senate Aug 12 1908 The Legislature adjourned Aug 12 1908
The bill proposing said amendment has not been signed or vetoed by the Governor but the same has been filed in the office of the Secretary ox State endorsed as follows No action by the Governor77
See Constitution of the State Article 3 Section 7 Paragraph 23 Civil Code Section 5781 and Article 5 Section 1 Paragraph 16 and 17 Civil Code Sections 5819 and 5820 Also Article 13 Section 1 Paragraph 1 Civil Code Section 5940
See Acts of 1908 pages 34 35 36
Paragraph 1 Section 1 Article 7 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia amended to provide for the payment of Pensions of exConfederate Soldiers and to the widows of exConfederate Soldiers married prior to first January 1870 not worth over 150000 etc
This amendment ratified at the November election 1908
See Act 1910 pages 37 42
Approved July 8 1910
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Paragraph 1 of Section 13 of Article 6 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia amended by adding Provided however that the counties of Chatham Pulton and Richmond shall pay from their respective county treasuries to the Superior Court Judges of the circuit of which they are a part and the county of Fulton to the Judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit or the Judge of such other Circuit as may hereafter be required to regularly preside therein for additional services rendered in the Superior Court of Fulton County such sums as will with the salaries paid each Judge from the State Treasury make a salary of 500000 per annum to each Judge and said payments are declared to be a part of the Court expenses of such counties such payments to be made to the Judges now in office as well aS their successors
See Act 1910 pages 42 44
Approved August 3 1910
Paragraph 2 Section 6 Article 7 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia amended by striking from said paragraph 2 the following Instructing children in the elementary branches of an English Education only so as to read The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose except for educational purposes to build and repair the public buildings and bridges to maintain and support prisoners to pay jurors and coroners and for litigation quarantine roads and expenses of Courts to support paupers and to pay debts heretofore existing
See Act 1910 pages 45 47
Approved August 4 1910
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION
1911
Article VIII Section I Paragraph I of the Constitution of this State amended by striking therefrom the words in the elementary branches of an English education only1 in lines two and three so that when so amended the said Article Section and Paragraph shall read as follows towit There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of the children as nearly uniform as practicable the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation or otherwise The schools shall be free to all children of the State but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races
See Acts 1911 Pages 4648
Approved August 17 1911
The Constitution of Georgia amended by adding to second Section of the seventh Article of said Constitution a new Paragraph for requiring certain tax returns to be made to the ComptrollerGeneral on or before the 1st day of March of each year and for requiring the taxes arising on such returns to be paid on or before the 1st day of September and to authorize the General Assembly to pass such laws as may be necessary and proper for carrying out said provisions
See Acts 1911 Pages 5153
Approved August 19 1911
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The third Section of the seventh Article of the Constitution amended by striking therefrom the words Casual Deficiencies of Revenue and substituting therefor the words such temporary deficit as may exist in the Treasury in any year from necessary delay in collecting the taxes of that year and by striking the words Two Hundred Thousand Dollars and substituting in lieu thereof Five Hundred Thousand Dollars and any loan made for this purpose shall be repaid out of the taxes levied for the year in which the loan is made
See Acts 1911 Pages 49 50
Approved August 19 1911
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION
1912
Article 3 Section 7 Paragraph 18 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia embraced in Section 5780 of the Civil Code of this State authorizing and empowering Judges of the Superior Courts of this State to grant charters to private companies in vacation and for other purposes amended to read as follows The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the Courts it may confer this authority to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to the Judges of the Superior Courts of this State in vacation All corporate powers and privileges to banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law and if in any event the Secretary of State should be disqualified to act in any case then in that event the Legislature shall provide by general laws by what person such charters shall be granted
See Acts 1912 Pages 27 29
Approved August 17 1912
Article 6 Section 7 of the Constitution of this State amended to read as follows Article 6 Section 7 of the Constitution of this State amended by adding to Paragraph 1 of said Section the following words towit Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish Justice Courts and the office of Justice of the Peace and of Notary Public exofficio Justices of the Peace in any City of this State having a population of over twenty thousand except the City of Savannah and establish in lieu thereof such Court or Courts or system of Courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new Court or Courts or system of Courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subject matter now exercised by Justice Courts and by Justices of the Peace and Notaries Public exofficio Justices of the Peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or subject matter as may be provided by law whereof some other Court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together also with such provisions
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as to rules and procedure in such Courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said Courts and with such further provisions for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any Court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section 9 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia So that said Section when amended shall read as follows There shall be in each
Militia District one Justice of the Peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be four yeyars provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish Justice Courts and the offee of Justices of the Peace and of Notary Public exofficio Justices of the Peace in any City of this State having a population of over twenty thousand except the City of Savannah and establish in lieu thereof such Court or Courts or system of Courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new Court or Courts or system of Courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subject matter now exercised by Justice Courts and by Justices of the Peace and Notaries Public exofficio Justices of the Peace together with Such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or subject matter as may be provided by law whereof some other Court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together also with such provision as to rules and procedure in such Courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said Courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any Court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section 9 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia
See Act 1912 Pages 30 31 32
Approved July 30 1912
Section 1 of the Act of July 11 1910 known as the Service Pension Law amended by striking from the seventh and eighth lines of said Section the words in parenthesis towit not now drawing a pension from the State so that said Section when amended by this Act will read as follows That a pension of sixty dollars be paid annually on the first of January and before the first of May to each exConfederate soldier and to the widow of each exConfederate soldier who was married prior to the first day of January 1870 who was a bona fide resident citizen of this State on the fourth day of November 1908 the total value of whose property of any kind and of any description and of any value whatever does not exceed fifteen hundred dollars who enlisted and was mustered into the organized army of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of the State of Georgia and performed as much as six months of actual military service as a soldier and was honorably discharged therefrom Provided this Act shall not apply to those the value of whose property is more than fifteen hundred dollars nor whose pension is more than sixty dollars per annum Provided further proof of six months
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service shall not be required of any soldier who died while in the service before the expiration of said six months
Sec 2 Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid That Section 11 of same Act be amended by striking word Fifteen and adding in lieu thereof word First so that said Section after amended shall read as follows That all applications for pensions to be considered for the rolls of the following year shall be filed in the office of Commissioner of Pensions on or before the first of November of each year
See Acts 1912 Pages 33 34
Approved August 13 1912
An Act to amend Section 8 of an Act approved July 11th 1910 entitled An Act to be entitled an Act to put in force the Constitutional amendments ratified at the November election 1908 of Paragraph 1 Section 1 Article 7 of the Constitution of the State providing for the payment of pensions to exConfederate soldiers and to widows of exConfederate soldiers married prior to the first of January 1870 not worth over 1500 to fix the term of service the annual amount to be paid the proofs to be made to provided penalties for false and fraudulent swearing in connection therewiith and to make appropriations to pay the same and for other purposes and for other purposes
Section 1 Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Georgia That an Act approved July 11th 1913 as per caption quoted in the caption of this Act be after the passage of this Act so amended that Section 8 of said Act be and the same is hereby amended by inserting in the fifth line thereof between the word war and the word leaving the words or was horn orably discharged and by inserting in the sixth line thereof between the word killed and the word who the words or honorably discharged so that said Section when so amended shall read as follows
Section 8 Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid That when a soldier was killed or injured while in the service and in line of duty as a soldier or died as the result of such injury before the close of the war or was honorably discharged leaving a widow who was his wife when injured or killed or honorably discharged who has since married and is now a widow shall be paid the annual pension as provided by this Act provided she is otherwise eligible under the provisions of this Act as are required of other widows of Confederate soldiers
Approved August 19 1912
See Act 1912 Pages 35 36
Article 7 Section 2 Paragraph 2 of the Constitution of this State amended by adding to and at the end of Said Paragraph the following words The General Assembly shall further have power to exempt from taxation farm products including baled cotton grown in this State and remaining in the hands of the producer but not longer than for the year next after their production
See Acts 1912 Pages 35 36
Approved August 6 1912
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Paragraph 2 Section 1 Article 11 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia amended by adding to said Paragraph the following language Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from the territory now comprising Pulaski County to be made up and composed of all that part of the territory of Pulaski County lying north and east of a line extending northwest and southeast across said county said line beginning at the point on the boundary line of Pulaski and Dodge Counties where land lots Nos 123 and 148 in the 20th land district of Pulaski County meet and thence extending from said point in a northwesterly direction along the line dividing said lots 123 and 148 thence continuing in a northwesterly direction along the dividing lines of the following land lots Nos 122 and 149 121 and 150 in the 20th land district and Nos
300 and 301 299 and 302 298 and 303 297 and 304 296 and
305 295 and 306 294 and 307 293 and 308 292 and 309 291
and 310 290 and 311 289 and 312 288 and 313 287 and 314
286 and 315 in the 21st land district and Nos 354 and 361 and between lots 360 and 355 and between 359 and 356 between 358 and 357 in the 24th land district to the Ocmulgee River and to the line of Houston County
That the said new county shall be known as the County of Bleckley and the City of Cochran shall be the county site of the same
That the said County of Bleckley shall be attached to the same Congressional District and to the same Judicial Circuit and to the same State Senatorial District as those to which the County of Pulaski is attached at the date of the ratification of this amendment
That all legal voters residing in the limits of the County of Bleckley entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in January following the ratification of this prposed amendment elect an Ordinary a Clerk of the Superior Court a Sheriff a Coroner a Tax Collector a Tax Receiver a County Surveyor and a County Treasurer and one Commissioner of Roads and Revenues for said new county and said election shall be held at Cochran
That the Superior Courts of said Bleckley County shall be held on the second Monday in January and the first Monday in July of each year
That the Congressional and Senatorial Districts the Judicial Circuit to which said county is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Court and the limits of the county shall be as designated above until changed by law
Provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to said County of Bleckley whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State
See Act 1912 Pages 38 39 40
Approved July 30 1912
Paragraph 2 Section 1 Article 11 of the Constitution of this State amended by adding to said Paragraph the following language Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the County of Montgomery and bounded as follows i1 Commencing at a point on the western bank of the Oconee River where the Laurens County line intersects with said river thence down the western bank of the said river to the mouth of the said river thence up the northern bank of the Oemulgee River to the mouth of the Little Oemulgee River thence up the said Little Oemulgee River to the line of Dodge County thence east along said line of Dodge County and Laurens County to the western bank of the Oconee River to the starting point
That said new county the boundaries of Which are described herein shall be called and known by the name of Wheeler and shall be attached to and become a part of the Twelfth Congressional District the Fifteenth State Senatorial District and the Oconee Judicial Circuit and the county site of the said new county sha11 be the town of Alamo That all legal voters residing in the limits as herein described of said proposed new county of Wheeler entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1913 elect an Ordinary a Clerk of Superior Court a Sheriff a Coroner a Tax Collector a Tax Receiver a County Surveyor a County Treasurer and three Commissioners of Roads and Revenues for said county said election to be held at town of Almao the county site of said new county That the Superior Courts of said county shall be held on the first Mondays in March and on the first Mondays in September of each year The limits of the said county the Congressional and Senatorial Districts and the Judicial Circuit to which it is attached and the time of holding the terms of the Superior Courts shall be as designated above until changed by law provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in Section 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to said county of Wheeler whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State
See Acts 1912 Pages 41 43
Approved August 14 1912
AMENDMENT TO CONSTITUTION
1913
Paragraph 1 of Section 13 of Article 6 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia as amended by the Act of the General Assembly approved August 3rd 1910 and duly ratified by the people according to law is amended by inserting the word Bibb in the proviso contained in said amendment between the words 11 the Counties of f and the word 11 Chatham 1g so that said proviso
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so amended by this amendment shall read as follows Provided however that the Counties of Bibb Chatham Pulton and Richmond shall pay from their respective county treasuries to the Superior Court Judges of the Circuit of which they are a part and the County of Pulton to the Judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit or the Judge of such other circuit as may hereafter be required to regularly preside therein for additional services rendered in the Superior Court of Fulton County such sums as will with the salaries paid each judge from the State Treasury make a salary of 500000 per annum to each judge and said payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of such counties such payments to be made to the judges now in office as well as their successors
See Acts 1913 Page 30
Approved August 16 1913
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION
1914
Paragraph 2 of Section 1 of Article 11 of the Constitution amended by adding to said paragraph the following language Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by the Constitution of the State of Georgia there shall be a new county laid out from the counties of Appling Pierce and Ware that the name of said county shall be Bacon and the boundaries shall be as follows Commencing at the southwest corner of the county of Appling where it corners with Ware and Coffee Counties being at the southwest corner of land lot 471 of the 5th district of Appling County and running thence north along the dividing lines between the counties of Appling and Coffee to the southwest corner of land lot 464 of the 5th district of Appling County and running thence west along the original land line to the southwest corner of land lot 5101 of the 5th district of Appling County where it corners with Coffee County and running thence north along the dividing line between the counties of Appling and Coffee to the northwest corner of land lot 115 of the 2d district of Appling County where it corners with Jeff Davis County and running thence east along the dividing line between Appling and Jeff Davis Counties to the northwest corner of land lot 108 in the 2d district of Appling County thence running north along the dividing line of Appling and Jeff Davis Counties to the northwest corner of land lot 169 of the 2nd district of Appling County and thence east along the original land line to what is known as the Little Satilla River and thence southeasterly along the middle thread of the Little Satilla River to a point where said river crosses the southern line of land lot 75 of the 4th district of Pierce County and running thence west along the original land line to the northwest corner of land lot 76 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence running south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 63 in the
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4th district of Pierce County and runningthence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot SO in the 4th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 31 of the 4th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 16 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 15 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 38 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 36 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 57 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 58 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 81 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 80 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 105 in the 5th district of Pierce Cbunty thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 106 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land lines to the southeast corner of land lot 198 in the 5th district of Ware County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 199 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 291 in the 5th district of Ware County thence north along the original land lines to the northwest corner of land lot 290 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land line to the southwest corner of land lot 310 in the 5th district of Ware County thence north along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 312 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 471 to point and place of beginning
That Alma Georgia shall be the county site of said county that the said county shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District and to the Waycross Judicial Circuit and to the Third Senatorial District That all the legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Bacon entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1915 at Alma Georgia the county site of said county elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a Sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor county school superintendent and a county treasurer The limits of said county the congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is added shall be as above designated until changed by law The Superior Court of said county shall be held on the third Mondays in March and October
See Acts 1914 Pages 2326
Approved July 27 1914
Paragraph 2 Section 1 Article 11 of the Constitution of this State amended by adding to said paragraph the following lang
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uage Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the counties of Gwinnett Walton and Jackson said eounty bounded as follows Beginning at a point amid stream where the Mulberry River crosses theHill Cbunty line joining Jackson County thence following the line between Hall and Jackson Counties to the corner of Hall Gwinnett and Jackson Counties thence in a direct line to the center of the Appalachia River at Ereemans mill thence following the middle of the current of said Appalachia River down to the line of Walton and Oconee Counties thence following the line between Walton and Oconee Counties to the common corner of Walton Jackson and Oconee Counties thence following the line between Jackson and Oconee Counties to the Clarke County line dividing Oconee and Clarke Counties thence in a direct line to MeCleskys Bridge at the central point over the Mulberry River and thence up the said Mulberry River to the beginning point on the Hall County line That Winder Georgia shall be the county site of said county Said county shall be attached to the Ninth Congressional District and to the Western Judicial Circuit and shall be attached to the Thirtythird Senatorial District That the name of said new county shall be Barrow and that all legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Barrow entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1915 elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor and a county treasurer Said election to be held at Winder Georgia the county site of said county That the Superior Courts of said county shall be held on the fourth Mondays in March and September of each year The limits of said eounty the congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Court shall be as above designated until changed by law
See Acts 1914 Pages 2728
Approved July 7 1914
Paragraph 2 Section 1 Article 11 of the Constitution of this State amended as follows That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State created by the General Assembly and those created by amendments to the above and foregoing Paragraph Section and Article of the Constitution of this State there is hereby created an additional eounty which county when created shall be known as Candler County The territory for the formation of said county of Candler shall be taken from the counties of Emanuel Bulloch and Tattnall and the said territory so taken for the formation of said new county of Candler shall be included within the following described boundaries towit Starting at the south of Ten Mile Creek where it empties into Canoochee River running in a northerly direction up said river to Excelsior Bridge thence in a northerly direction straight course to Lotts Creek to a point one quarter of a mile above new bridge thence along the line of Lotts Creek to DeLoachs Pond leaving DeLoachs Pond running in a northwesterly diree
189
tion crossing the Bulloch and Emanuel County lines intersecting with the Swainsboro and Statesboro public road at D B Johnsons place thence in a southwesterly direction to Union School House thence in a southwesterly direction to Cowarts Mill Pond thence a direct line south to the Leo Collins crossing on Central of Georgia Railroad thence a southwesterly course to Griffins Ferry Bridge on the Ohoopee River crossing line of Emanuel and Tattnall Counties a southerly course to a point where the counties of Emanuel and Tattnall meet on the Ohoopee River thence a direct line east to Kennedys Bridge on the Canoochee River That when said county is created the county seat of the same shall be the town of Metter now in the county of Bulloch that there shall be on the first Wednesday in December an election for the county officers herein named in and for said new county to be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said new county at the time of the adoption of the amendment during the usual hours of holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in said territory shall be qualified to
vote at said election and the ordinaries of the several counties in
which said election precincts are located shall each appoint the election managers for the precincts in the counties in which he shall exercise jurisdiction of ordinary and the managers of the election shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the town of Metter the place designated as the county seat of the new county and consolidate the vote for the county officers at
such place within the limits of the town of Metter as shall be
designated by the Judge of the Superior Court of the middle circuit whose duty it is hereby made to designate the place of meeting of said election managers within the corporate limits of said town of Metter and the general laws now in force as to the consideration of thfe votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to officers elected at such special election herein provided for that the officers to be elected at said special election herein provided shall be an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a tax collector a tax receiver a coroner a county surveyor and a county treasurer that said officers shall be commissioned as now required by law and all laws now in force in this State to commission officers and for bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected that the officers elected at said general election shall hold their offices until the next general election for county officers and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any additionalstatutory officers in said county or statutory courts and to1 provide by law for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of the offices created by said county may be filled as now provided by law The said county of Candler shall be attached to the First Congressional District the Middle Judicial Circuit and the Seventeenth Senatorial District but it shallbe in the power of the General Assembly at any time to change the judicial circuit to which said county of Candler is attached and the said General Assembly of Georgia is hereby given the power to change said county of
190
Candler in arranging congressional and senatorial districts as now provided by law That the Superior Courts in said County of Candler shall be held on the third Mondays in February and August months of each year but it shall be within the power of the General Assembly at any time by law to change the time of holding courts and the number of terms thereof That the Justices eace and Constables residing in jhe territory included within the new county of Candler shall exercise the duties and powers of their office until new militia districts are laid out m said county of Candler as now provided by law that all of Pro7lslolls of tlie law as contained in Chapter Thirteen 13 of pl of i910 are kereby made applicable to the said county of Candler that all of the general laws in this State in addition to the above having application to the statutory counties of this btate are hereby made applicable to the said county of Candler especially the law in reference to holding elections for the purpose of creating a debt for said county that the said county of Candler so created by this amendment shall become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in0rcf n this State regulating county and county affairs
See Acts 1914 Pages 2932
Approved July 17 1914
fragraph 2 of Section 1 of Article 11of the Constitution of this State as amended by the ratification by the qualified voters of this State of the Acts approved July 19 1904 and July 31 1906 July 30 1912 and August 14 1912 towit Amended by adding to said paragraph the following language towit Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from portions of the Counties of Bulloch and Tattnall and embraced within the following boundary lines Commencing at a point known as Johnsons Old Ferry on the Canoochee River and running thence in a southwesterly direction along the boundary line between Liberty and Tattnall Counties to a point known as the Ford on Canoochee Creek thence in a westerly direction a straight line to Jennie thence a westerly direction a straight line to Rogers Crossing at the intersection of the Bellville and Reidsville Roads thence in a northerly direction in a straight line to a point on the Seaboard Air Line Railway half way between the towns of Bellville and Manassas thence northerly in the same direction in a straight line until it intersects the line of the proposed county of Candler thence along said line to the Canoochee River thence in a southerly direction down the Canoochee River to Kennedys Bridge thence in an easterly dirction along the public road leading from Kennedys Bridge to Ada Belle on the Register and Glennville Railroad thence inan easterly direction along the old Dublin Road to the rightofway of the old Dublin Railroad bed thence in a southeasterly direction down said rightofway to Scotts Creek thence in the same direction down Scotts Creek to its mouth in Lotts Creek thence in a southerly direction down Lotts Creek to its mouth into Canoochee River and from thence down Canoochee River in a southeasterly direction to the starting point at Johnsons Ferry That
191
the territory embraced in the foregoing boundary lines shall be known as and be named Evans County and the city of Claxton shall be the county site of the same That said proposed county shall be attached to the First Congressional District to the Atlantic Judicial Circuit and to the Second Senatorial District That all legal voters residing within the limits of said proposed county of Evans entitled under the laws of Georgia to vote for members of the General Assembly shall on the first Wednesday in January elect the following officers for the said county of Evans An ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county treasurer a eounty surveyor a county superintendent of public schools and three commissioners of roads and revenues said election to be held at Claxton the county site according to law That the Superior Courts of the said county of Evans shall be held on the fourth Mondays of January March June and October of each year and that the grand jury for said county of Evans shall serve at the January and June terms of said court each year provided however that the Judge of the Superior Court may in his discretion cause the grand jury of said eounty to be summoned at any term of said Superior Court That the limits of said county of Evans the congressional and State senatorial districts the judicial circuit to which said county of Evans is hereby attached the terms of the Superior Court of the same shall be as designated herein until changed by law provided that the laws applicable to new counties and not inconsistent or in conflict with the provisions of this Act as found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of Georgia 1910 are hereby made applicable to said county of Evans and that said county shall be subject to all laws applicable to all other counties of this State
See Acts 1914 Pages 3335
Approved August 11 1914
Paragraph 1 of Section 3 of Article 3 of the Constitution amended by striking from the second line of said paragraph the figures 184 and inserting in lieu thereof the figures 189 and further by striking therefrom the names of all counties therein specified and inserting in place of the six counties therein named as being entitled to three representatives each of the following Fulton Chatham Richmond Bibb Floyd and Muscogee and inserting in place of the twentysix counties therein specified as being entitled to two representatives each the following LaurensCarroll Jackson Sumter Thomas Decatur Gwinnett Coweta Cobb Washington DeKalb Burke Bulloch Troup Hall Walton Bartow Meriwether Emanuel Lowndes Elbert Brooks Houston Wilkes Clarke and Ware and further by adding at the end of said paragraph after the words and to the remaining counties one representative each the following the counties of Bleckley and Wheeler shall be entitled to representation in the General Assembly of Georgia for the session 191516 and the counties of Barrow Candler and Bacon the three said last named counties shall also be entitled to representation in the sessions of the General Assembly for the years 191516 and elections in said counties shall be held on the first Tuesday in January 1915 under
192
the law now governing similar elections for the election of members of the General Assembly to serve during the session of 191516 in accordance with this amendment so that said paragraph so amended will read as follows Paragraph 1 Number of Representatives The House of Representatives shall consist of not more than 189 representatives apportioned among the several counties as follows towit To the six counties having the largest population viz Fulton Chatham Richmond Bibb Floyd and Muscogee three representatives each to the twentysix counties having the next largest population viz Laurens Carroll Jackson Sumter Thomas Decatur Gwinnett Coweta Cobb Washington DeKalb Burke Bulloch Troup Hall Walton Bartow Meriwether Emanuel Lowndes Elbert Brooks Houston Wilkes Clarke and Ware two representatives each and to the remaining counties one representative each and the counties of Bleckley and Wheeler shall be entitled to representation in the General Assembly of Georgia for the session of 191516 and the counties of Barrow Candler and Bacon the three said last named counties shall also be entitled to representation in the sessions of the General Assembly for the years 191516 and elections in said counties shall be held on the first Tuesday in January 1915 under the law now governing similiar elections for the election of members of the General Assembly to serve during the session of 191516 in accordance with this amendment
See Acts 1914 Pages 3639
Approved August 6 1914
Paragraph 1 of Section 7 of Article 6 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia as amended by the Act of the General Assembly approved July 30 1912 and duly ratified by the people according to law amended by striking from the proviso contained in said amendment the words except the City of Savannah where they immediately follow the words having a population of over twenty thousand so that said proviso so amended by this amendment shall read as follows Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and of notary public exofficio justices of the peace in any city in this State having a population of over twenty thousand and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subject matter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or to subject matter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together also with such provision as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of
193
uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section 9 of Article 6 ol the Constitution of Georgia
See Acts 1914 Pages 3941
Approved July 29 1914
Article 11 Section 3 Paragraph 1 of the Constitution of Georgia amended by adding at the end of said paragraph the words and may abolish the office of county treasurer in any county so that said paragraph when so amended will read as follows towit Paragraph 1 County officers to be uniform Whatever tribunal or offices may hereafter be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of county matters shall be uniform throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for the appointment of commissioners of roads and revenues in any county and may abolish the office of county treasurer in any county or fix the compensation of county treasurers and such compensation maybe fixed without regard to uniformity of such compensation in the various counties
See Acts 1914 Pages 4243
Approved August 14 1914
Section 2 of Paragraph 1 of Article 11 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia be and the same is hereby amended by striking the word two in the third line of said section and inserting in lieu thereof the word four so that said Section 2 when so amended shall read as follows The county officers shall be elected1 by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their office for four years They shall be removed on conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible to any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless he shall have been a resident of the county for two years and is a qualified voter provided that the provisions of this amendment shall not become effective until January 1st 1917
See Acts 1914 Pages 4344
Approved August 14 1914
Article 3 Section 4 Paragraph 1 of the Constitution of Georgia amended By striking from said Paragraph 1 the words untiT their successors are elected and inserting in lieu of said words in said Paragraph 1 the following words towit Until the time fixed by law for the convening of the next General Assembly And further by adding to said Paragraph 1 of said Section and Article the following words towit That theprovisions of this Paragraph Section and Article shall apply to the terms of the members of the General Assembly who are elected at the general election for members of the General Assembly in the year 1912 Said Paragraph 1 of said Section and Article shall read as follows That members of the General Assembly shall be elected for two years and shall serve until the time fixed by law for the convening of the next General Assembly That the provisions of this Paragraph Section and Article shall apply to the term of the members of the General Assembly who were elected at the general election for members of the General Assembly in the year 1912
See Acts 1914 Page 45
Approved August 14 1914
194
INDEX
to the
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
NoteReference in the Index are made to the Article Section and Paragraph of the provision referred to the original division of the instrument being strictly followed
A
Absent members of Legislature attendance of compelled
Abuse under arrest or in prison prohibited
Of liberty of speech or press responsibility for
Academy incorporated exempt from taxation
Acceptors suits against where tried
Account of Treasurer to be published quarterly
Accusation copy to be furnished defendant on demand Acts amending or repealing must describe the law
affected
Local and private authority of
Must be signed by President of Senate and Speaker of House r
Requiring twothirds voteyeas and nays must be
recorded
Adjournment of Legislature by less than a majority
Consent of both Houses required when
Houses failing to agree Governor may adjourn
them
Resolutions of not submitted to Governor
Ad valorem Tax on property shall be
Aged and infirm persons entitled to Homestead
Aid of State to any religious denomination prohibited To any person or corporation by lending credit or
taking stock prohibited
To any person or corporation by donation or gratuity prohibited
Aid of County or City to person or corporation prohibited
Amendments to Appropriation and Revenue bills by Senate
To Constitution i
A s p
3 4 4
1 1 9
1 1 15
7 2 2
6 16 5
3 7 11
1 1 5
3 7 17
12 1 4
3 7 13
3 7 21
3 4 4
3 7 24
3 7 24
5 1 17
7 2 1
9 1 1
1 1 14
7 5 1
7 16 1
7 6 1
3 7 10
13 1 1
195
AmendmentsContinued
A s P
To statute or code form of amendment act 3 7 17
Animals special tax may be imposed on vicious ones 7 2 1
Appeal from one jury to another in Superior and City
Courts 6 4 6
From Ordinary to Superior Court 6 6 1
From Justice of the Peace to Jury or Superior
Court v 6 7 2
Appellate Jurisdiction of the Superior Court 6 4 4
Appointment of Legislator to another office prohibited 3 4 7
By Governor to fill vacancies 5 1 14
Rejected by Senate effect of 5 1 15
Of State School Commissioner 8 2 1
Apportionment of Representatives how changed 3 3 2
Appropriation Acts authority of 12 1 3
Bills general and special 3 7 9
Bills must originate in House of Representatives 3 7 TO
Bills yeas and nays must be recorded on 3 7 12
Bills may be approved in part 5 1 16
Necessary to authorize payment by Treasurer 3 7 11
For University of Georgia and College for colored
pupils 5 8 6 1
Approval of Governor to Bills 5 1 16
Of Governor to Resolutions and Orders 5 1 17
Arms right of citizens to bearmanner of bearing 1 122
Army of the State Governor is Commander of 5 1 11
Arrest abuse under prohibited 1 1 9
Punishment for rescue from under order either
House 3 7 2
Privilege of Blector from 2 3 1
Privilege of member Legislature from 3 7 3
Artificial limbs for Confederate soldiers 7 1 1
Assemble right of people to do so guaranteed 1 1 24
Associate Justice of Supreme Court 6 2 1
Atlanta City Court of errors corrected in Supreme
Court 6 2 5
Attainder bill of prohibited 1 3 2
Attendance of members of the Legislature compelled 3 4 4
Attendance of members of Legislature privileges during 3 7 3
Attorney right to defend or prosecute by 1 1 4
Right of Defendant in criminal cases to have 1 1 5
General election of 6 10 1
General duties 6 10 2
196
AttorneysContinued
a s P
General salary 6 13 1
General qualifications 6 14 1
Authority of Constitution treaties laws judgments etc 12 1
B
Bail shall not be excessive 119
Ballot election by the people shall be by 2 1 1
Banishment beyond the State prohibited 1 17
Banks may be incorporated by the Legislature 3 7 18
Bequests may be received by the University of Georgia 8 6 1
Bills number of readings necessary before passage 3 7 7
Majority of all members in favor of necessary to
passage 3 7 14
Rejected not again proposed without consent of
twothiiijds 3 7 13
Appropriation and Revenue must originate in House 3 7 10
Appropriations general and special requisites of 3 7 9
Appropriations must be passed by yeas and nays 3 7 12
Revision of by Governor Vetohow overruled 5 1 16
See Local Bills also Acts
Bond required of Secretary of Senate and Clerk of
House I 1 t 3 8 1
Required of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer 5 2 6
Required of Public Printer 7 17 1
Bonded debt not to be increased 7 12 1
Sale of States property to be applied to 7 13 1
Of county or city provisions for meeting 7 7 2
Bonds in cases involving an interested Judge cannot
preside Jf 6 2 3
Of State declared void not to be paid or submitted
to suit V 7 11 1
Of Western Atlantic Railroad paid by proceeds
of Road 7 13 1
Boundaries of counties to remain as now till changed
by law 11 l l
Briery Conviction of disqualifies for office or voting 2 2 1
Bridges established by the Courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Bridges Ordinarys jurisdiction in matter of 6 6 2
Bridges taxation by county to keep up 7 6 2
Borrowing money by State laws for must specify purpose 7 4 1
197
A S P
Buildings public exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Public tax by county to maintain 7 6 2
Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Burial places exempt from tax 7 2 2
C
Canal Companies may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18
Capital location of ordinance concerning 12 1 8
Capital site for may be donated to the State 7 6 1
Censure of members of Legislature for misconduct 3 7 1
Certiorari writs of maybe issued by Judge Superior
Coujrt 4 6
Challenge of voter oath to be administered 2 1 2
Conviction of sending or accepting disqualifies for
office 2 4 2
Charitable institutions public exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Public aid from county or city 7 6 1
Charter of Corporations amended on conditions 4 2 3
Chief Justice of Supreme Court presides in impeachment trialssee Supreme Court 3 5 4
Children legitimatized and names changed by the Courts 3 7 18
Church not to receive money from the State 1 1 14
Citizens of the State who are and right to protection 1 1 25
Of the State entitled to vote when 2 1 2
City aid by donation or taking stock prohibited 7 6 1
Consent before Street Railroad can be built in 3 7 20
Courts of the State need not be uniform 6 9 1
Court appeals and new trials in 6 4 6
Court errors corrected in Supreme Court 6 2 5
Court Judge may serve in Supreme Court when 6 51
Debt to be incurred by limited 7 7 1
Debt bonded provisions for meeting 7 7 2
Debt not to be assumed by State 781
Debt to be incurred only by authority of City Government 7 10 1
Public schools may be maintained by tax 8 4 1
Civil authority superior to the military 1 1 19
Cases where tried 1
Cases judgment by Court without Jury when 6 4 7
Cases venue how changed 6 17 1
Jurisdiction of Superior Court 6 4 3
Jurisdiction of Justices Court 7
Clerical expenses of Treasurer Secretary of State and
ComptrollerGeneral 22 34
198
Clerk of House of Representatives Compensation and
Bond of
Clerks of the Governor
Code sections not amended or repealed by reference to
numbers
Colleges exempt from taxation
For colored pupils
Colored pupils College for
Colored apd white public Schools to be separat
Commissioner of Schools appointed and salary of
Commissioners of county affairs authorized
Commissioners of county affairs authorized
Committee on Local and Special bills
Common Law Courts may be clothed with equity jurisdiction
Common School systemsee Education
Commutation power in the Governor
Tax for miltary services goes to Schools
Companies incorporation of
Volunteer military organization of
Compensation for private ways and public use of property
Of Clerk of House and Secretary of Senate
Of Jurors how fixed
Extra not be granted officers or contractors Competition arrangements by corporations to defeat
void
ComptrollerGeneral must license Life Insurance Companies
Supervise deposits of Life Insurance Companies
Officers of Executive Department
Examination suspension and discharge of
Election of
Salary and Clerks hire
Eligibility and Bond of
Perquisites not allowed to
Must report to Governor
Confederate Soldiers pensions for 4
Public debt not to be paid
Conscience right of not to be controlled
Liberty of does not excuse licentiousness
A s p
3 8 1
5 1 19
3 7 17
7 2 2
8 6 1
8 6 1
8 1 1
8 2 1
6 19 1
11 3 1
3 7 5
6 5 2
8 1 1
5 1 12
8 3 1
3 7 18
10 1 2
1 3 1
3 8 1
6 18
7 16 2
4 2 4
3 12 2
3 12 3
5 1 1
5 1 18
5 2 1
5 2 4
5 2 6
5 2 7
7 15 1
7 1 1
7 11 1
1 1 12
1 1 13
Hi
A S P
Consent of parties to vary general law in individual
cases 1 4 1
City to building Street Railroads within its limits 3 7 20
Constitution of Georgia may be altered or abolished by
the people 1 5 1
Authority of 12 1 2
Amendments of 13 1 1
Amendments by Convention 13 1 2
To be submitted to the people 13 2 1
And United Stateslaws in violation of void 1 4 2
Of United States authority of 12 1 1
Constitutional Convention provisions to call 13 1 2
Construction of Constitution not to deny rights not
enumerated 1 5 5
Contempt limitation of Courts power to punish for 1 1 20
Either House of General Assembly may punish for 3 7 2
Contested Election for Governor 5 1 6
Contracts laws inpairing obligation of void 1 3 2
By Government releasing power to tax void 4 1 1
By Government heretofore made not impaired 4 2 6
Between corporations defeat competition void 4 2 4
Judgments on without verdict when 6 4 7
Jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of 6 7 2
Contractor not to receive extra compensation from Government 7 16 2
Conventionsee Constitutional Convention and Ordinances
Conviction costs not to be exacted of defendant until 1 1 10
Does not work corruption or forfeiture 1 2 3
Of certain offenses disfranchises 2 2 1
Impeachment vote necessary 3 5 4
Dueling disqualifies for office 2 4 2
Copartners suits against where tried 6 16 4
Coroners County Tax to pay 7 6 2
Corporate powers what may be granted by Legislature 3 7 18
Corporators not to damaged by revocation of charter 13 3
Corporations subject to police power and eminent domain 4 2 2
Legislation in favor of conditional 4 2 3
Acts of to defeat competition and monopolize void 4 2 4
Rights to tax not to be released 7 2 5
State not to take stock in aid or lend credit to 7 5 1
200
CorporationsC ontinued
a s P
County or City not to take stock in aid or lend
credit to 7 6 1
Donations to from State prohibited 7 16 1
Authority of rights already accrued to 12 1 5
Municipal 1 see City
Costs not payable by defendant till conviction 1 1 10
In Supreme Court 6 21 1
i 6 19 1
County Commissioners may be created
Debt to be incurred by limited 7 7 1
Debt not to be assumed by State 7 8 1
Debt bonded provisions for meeting 7 7 2
Not to aid or take stock in Corporation 7 6 1
Public Schools may be maintained by 8 4 1
Matters Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Officers election term qualification and removal 13 2 1
Officers and tribunals to be uniform in the State 11 3 1
Is a body corporate suits of and boundaries 11 1 1
New one not to be created 11 1 2
Lines and site how changed 11 1 34
Merger of 11 1 5
Special acts authority of 12 1 4
Corruption of blood not worked by conviction 1 2 3
Courts power to punish for contempt limited 1 1 20
Power in matters denied to Legislature 3 7 18
Of the State 6 1 1
Not mentioned in Constitution may be abolished 6 20 7
Of Common Law may be vested with equity jurisdiction X 642
Of same grade throughout State must be uniform 6 9 1
Courts tax to pay expenses of 7 6 2
Jurisdiction against Homestead denied 9 2 1
Authority of judgments and decrees of 12 1 5
Existing judgments and decrees of ratified 12 1 6
See also Supreme Superior City and Justice Courts
Credit of State not to be pledged to Corporations or
persons 751
Creditors law to be provided for reaching concealed
property of debtor 1 2 6
Not to be damaged by revocation of Charter 1 3 3
201
A S P
Crime conviction in what cases disfranchises 2 2 1
Lobbying declared to be 1 5 5
Criminal cases Jury judges of law and fact 1 2 1
Judge may grant new trial on conviction 1 2 1
Jurisdiction of Superior Court 6 4 1
Rights of defendant in 1 1 5
Where tried 6 16 6
Venue when changed 6 17 1
D
Damages jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of 6 7 1
Death of Governor vacancy how filled g 5 1 8
Officer vacancy how filled 5 1 14
Debate liability of Legislators for words spoken in 3 7 3
iebts Public taxation to pay 7 1 1
Public new debt contracted to pay 7 3 1
Power of State to contract restricted 7 3 1
Of County taxation to pay 7 6 2
Power of City or County to contract restricted 7 7 1
To be incurred by City only on authority of City
Government 7 10 1
Of County or City not to be assumed by State 7 8 1
Void and Confederate against State not to be paid 7 11 1
Debtor Concealing Property provisions against 12 6
May waive Homestead 9 3 1
May waive Exemptions of the old Code 9 5 1
Decrees of Court authority and ratification of 12 1 56
Defaulters of public moneys disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7
Defend or prosecute in person or by attorney right to 1 1 4
Defense under oath not filed Court to render judgment when 6 4 i
Of State debts may be contracted for 7 3 1
Deficiency of Revenue in State supplied by borrowing 7 31
Of Revenue in City and County supplied by borrowing 7 7 1
Deposit required of Insurance Companies 3 12
Of public funds Treasurer to receive no profit from 5 2 5
Disabilities may be removed by Governor 5 1 12
Discrimination in Tariff by Railroad regulated 4 1
Disorderly behavior in presence of Legislature punished 3 7 12
Disqualification to hold office or vote 2 2 1
Religious opinion is not 1 1 13
To hold office in more than one department 1 1 23
202
DisqualificationContinued
A s
Of illegal holders of public money 2 4
Of Duelists i 2 4
For Legislature and of legislator to other office 3 4
Resulting from impeachment 3 5
Of Judge of Supreme Court who presides 6 2
Judge of Superior Court who presides 6 4
Judge of Superior Court when there is a City Judge 6 5
Of interested Judge in bond cases 6 2
District Senatorial number composition and change
of 3 21
Divorce exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4
First and second verdicts in cases of 6 15
Suits where tried 6 16
Domestic animals of vicious nature special tax on 7 2
Animals tax on goes to educational purposes 8 1
Donations by State prohibited 7 16
By State to University allowed 8 6
Drawer and Acceptor suits against where tried 8 16
Dueling conviction of disqualifies for office 2 4
E
Education Common School System established 8 1
Commissioner of Public Schools i 8 2
Confined to English in local public schools 7 6
Confined to English in State public schools 8 1
Poll Tax for purposes of 7 2
Special Tax for purposes of 8 3
Taxation for purposes of by State 7 1
Taxation for purposes of by City or County 7 6
Appropriations for purposes of by City or County 7 6
Election by the people shall be by ballot 2 1
By the Legislature shall be viva voce 3 10
Days furnishing Liquor on prohibited 2 5
Priyilege of Electors while attending 2 3
Precincts changed by Courts not Legislature 3 7
Returns where made 2 6
Of members General Assembly 3 4
Members General Assembly each house to judge of 3 7
President of the Senate 3 5
Speaker of the House of Representatives 3 6
Governor 5 1
Governor returns how made 5 1
p
1
2
7
5
2
9
1
3
23
1
12
1
1
1
1
1
5
1
1
2
1
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
18
1
2
1
2
2
3
4
203
ElectionContinued
a s P
Returns opened and published 5 1 5
Governor by General Assembly 5 1 5
Contested 5 16
Special 5 1 9
To fill vacancies in General Assembly 5 1 13
Of Secretary of State CompGen 1 and Treasurer 5 2 1
Judges of Supreme Court 6 2 4
Judges of Superior Court 6 3 2
Judges Supreme Superior Courts and SolGenl 6 12 1
Justices of the Peace 6 7 3
AttorneyGeneral 61 10 1
By City or County on creating a new Debt 7 7 1
City or County on School question 8 4 1
To change County Site 11 1 4
Merge one County into another 11 1 5
Election of County O cers 11 2 1
On amendments to Constitution 13 1 1
Ratification of Constitution 13 2 1
Electors who shall be so deemed 2 1 2
Registration of may be provided for 2 2 1
Privileges of while attending elections 2 3 1
Embezzlement of public funds disfranchises 2 2
Eminent Domain not to be abridged in favor of Corporations 4 2 2
Encumbrances Homestead liable for removal of 9 2 1
Endorsers suits against where tried 6 16 5
Equal Rights not to be infringed by Corporations 4 2 1
Equity Cases where tried 6 16 3
Jurisdiction is in Superior Court 6 4 1
Jurisdiction may be conferred on Common Law
Courts 6 4 2
Errors in Superior and City Courts corrected in Supreme
Court 6 2 5
Of inferior judicatories corrected by Certiorari 6 4 5
Estate not forfieited by Conviction 1 2 3
Excessive Bail and Pines forbidden 119
Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments are distinct 1 1 23
Department offcers of 5 1 1
Department officers of report suspension and removal of 5 1 18
Powers vested in Governor 5 1 2
204
A S P
Exemption from Taxation and void Exemption 7 22 4 5
From Levy and Sale 9 11
From Levy and Sale waiver of V 931
From Levy and Sale under Debtors Aet not repealed 941
From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act waiver 9 5 1
Exhibitions special tax on goes to Public Schools 8 3 1
Expense of Clerks and Secretaries to Governor 5 1 18
Of Clerks of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer 5 22 34
Ex Post Faeto Law not to be passed 1 3 2
Express Companies chartered by Legislature 3 7 18
Expulsion of Member of General Assembly for misconduct V 3 7 1
Extra session of Legislature before November 1st 1878 3 4 3
Sessions of Legislature may be called by Governor 5 1 13
Compensation not to be allowed by Government 716 2
F
Family each Head of entitled to Homestead 9 11
Fees not allowed officers of Executive Department 5 2 7
Not allowed AttorneyGeneral 6 13 1
Felony exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1
Females persons having care of entitled to Homestead 9 1 1
Ferries established by Courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Ordinarys jurisdiction concerning 6 6 2
Fines imposed must not be excessive 1 1 9
Imposed on member of Legislature for misconduct 3 7 1
Fire Insurance Companies deposit required of 3 12 4
Foreign Power Governor to receive no Emolument
from 5 12
Forfeiture of Estate not brought about by conviction 1 2 3
Of Eecognizanee relieved against when 3 7 19
Of Charter remitted only on conditions 4 2 3
Fraud Legislature may provide Punishment for 1 2 6
Judgments attacked for 12 1 5
Free Schoolssee Education 8 1 1
Freight on Railroads subject to regulation by law 4 2 1
Rebate not allowed nor deceit as to amount charged 4 2 5
Furniture Waiver of Exemption not good against all 9 3 1
Funds of county Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Of Public officers not to profit from use of 7 9 1
Sinking provided for 7 34 1
205
G
GENERAL ASSEMBLY A S P
Consisting of Senate and House is the Legislative
power 311
Members of elected for two years 3 4 1
Election when held 342
Election returns where made 2 6 1
Attendance of required 3 4 4
Oath of 3 4 5
Who are disqualified to be 3 4 7
Disqualified for certain other offices 3 4 7
Not to profit from use of public funds 7 9 1
Not to be interested in public printing 7 17 1
Seats of vacated by removal 3 4 8
Punished for misconduct in each House 3 7 1
Privileges of V 3 7 3
Per diem and mileage of 3 9 1
Majority of all necessary to passage of bill 3 7 14
Officers of who are 3 8 1
Quorum of to transact business 3 4 4
Adjournment by less than a quorum 3 4 4
Adjournment for more than three days etc 3 37 24
Elections by shall be viva voce 3 10 1
Of Judges of Supreme Court by 1st election 6 2 4
Of Judges of Superior Court by 1st election 6 3 2
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts and
SolieitorsGeneral 6 12 1
Of Governor by when j 5 1 5
Of Governor contested determined by 5 1 6
May pardon commute or reprieve for treason 5 1 12
May direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3 1
Sessions of are annual 34 3
Of limited to 50 days V 3 4 6
Of extra may be called by Governor 5 1 13
Of joint held in Representative Hall 3 10 1
Each House of may compel attendance of members 3 4 4
Is judge of elec n and qualificatn of its members 3 7 1
May punish for misconduct 3 7 12
Must keep a Journal 3 7 4
Has general power of legislation3 7 22
HAS POWER BY LAW TO
Provide punishment for fraud 12 6
For registration of voters 2 2 1
206
General AssemblyContinued
A S
For removal Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer 5 1
For appeals in Superior and City Courts 6 4
For appointments of Judge pro hav vice 6 4
Commissioners for county affairs 6 19
For organizing the Militia 10 1
Prescribe manner of bearing arms 1 1
Number of Jurors in Inferior Courts 6 18
Who shall vote on School questions 8 4
Change Senatorial Districts when 3 2
Apportionment of Representatives 3 3
Governors Salary by twothirds vote 5 1
Salaries of Judges Attorneys and SolicitorsGen
eral 6 13
Substitute another officer for School Commissioner 8 2
Establish Courts 6 1
Abolish Courts not named in Constitution 6 20
Confer Equity jurisdiction on Common Law Courts 6 4
Authorize formation of Volunteer Companies 10 1
Require Fire Insurance Companies to make deposit 3 12
Subject corporate property to public use when 4 2
Sell States property A 7 13
Make donations to University of Georgia 8 6
Make donations to College for colored people 8 6
Amend Constitution in manner provided 13 1
Call Constitutional Convention as provided 13 1
SHALL BY LAW
Limit power of Courts to punish for Contempt 1 1
Protect citizens in their right 1 1
Provide penalty against Lottery Agents 1 2
Provide penalty against Lobbying 1 2
Prohibit furnishing Liquor on election days 3 5
Provide penalty against Treasurer receiving unlawful fee 5 2
Provide for reaching concealed property of Debtor 1 2
Compel Insurance Companies to report to Governor 3 12
Regulate Freight and Passenger Tariff 4 2
Enforce provisions against monopolies et 4 2
Establish uniformity in local tribunals 6 9
Provide for selection and compensation of jurors 6 18
A sinking fund 7 14
p
18
6
9
1
1
22
1
1
3
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
20
25
4
5
1
5
6
5
1
7
1
23
1
207
General AssemblyContinued
a s P
For letting Public Printing to highest bidder 7 17 1
Setting apart and valuation of Homestead 9 4 1
For appeals in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6
SHALL NOT PASS ANY LAW
To restrain or curtail liberty of speech or press 1 1 15
Respecting social status of citizens 1 1 18
Of Attainder ex post facto imparting contracts 1 3 2
Making irrevocable grants of special privileges 13 2
To revoke grants to injury of creditors of corporators 13 3
Of special nature when general law provides 14 1
Varying general law affecting private rights without consent 14 1
In violation of Constitution of Georgia or the
United States 1 4 2
Referring to more than one matter or different
form title 3 7 8
Incorporating companies except for class named 3 7 18
Relieving against recognizances except as stated 3 7 19
Authorizing Street Railroad in city without city s
consent 3 7 20
For benefit of particular corporations except on
conditions 4 2 3
Authorizing one corporation to buy stock in another
County or City to aid persons or corporations 7 6 1
Payment of void bonds or Confederate debts 7 11 1
Granting donation or gratuity to persons or corporations 7 16 1
Extra compensation to officer or contractors 7 16 2
See Tax
God may be worshipped according to dictates of conscience 1 1 12
Governor an officer of the Executive Department 5 1 1
Executive powers vested in 5 1 2
Salary term and limitations of terms of office 512 Election installation and terms of election of 5 1 14
Of by the Legislature when 5 1 5
Qualification and oath of 5 17 10
Death resignation or disability of 518
Secretary and Clerks of 5 1 19
Is Commander of the Army and Conservator of the
Peace 5111 12
208
General AssemblyContinued
A s p
May adjourn the Legislature when 3 7 24
Call Extra Session of the Legislature 5 4 43
Direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3 4
Pardon reprieve commute and remit penalties 5 1 12
Remove disabilities 5 1 12
With the Treasurer loan the Sinking Eund 7 14 4
Require services of AttorneyGeneral 1 6 10 2
Shall order elections to fill vacancies in Legislature 5 1 13
Fill vacancies in other offices 5 1 14
Offices of Judges and SolicitorsGeneral 6 12 1
Appoint State School Commissioner 8 2 1
Judge to preside in Supreme Court when 6 2 2
Commission Notaries Public exOfficio Justices of
PcdiC6 0 g j
Examine and Publish Report of Comptroller and
7 25 1
Proclaim result of Election on Constitution 13 2 2
Cannot appoint member of Legislature to office 3 4 7
A person rejected by Senate when 5 1 15
Has revision of bills and resolutions of Legislature 5 1 17
Supervision over Executive officers 5 1 13
Government originates with people duty of 1 l 12
Exclusive right of the people to regulate V 1 5 1
Legislative Executive and Judicial Departments
district 1 l 23
Support of by taxation 7 11
Grants limiting power to tax void 4 4 2
Irrecovable of special privileges void 1 3 2
Not to be revoked so as to work injustice V 1 3 3
Great Seal of the State use and device of 5 3 4
Guardian of minors entitled to Homestead 9 1 1
H
Habeas Corpus Writ shall not be suspended 1 1 44
Head of family entitled to Homestead 9 1 4
Homestead and Exemption to whom allowed and
amount of 9 2 1
Not subject to levy and sale 9 2 1
Waiver and sale of 9 3 1
Setting apart of to be provided for 9 4 1
Supplemental 9 q 4
Already allowed good against old debt 9 7 1
209
Homestead and Exemptionrontinued
A S P
Ordinance effect of 12 1 8
Of 1868 sales of confirmed 9 8 1
Of 1868 sales and reinvestments of 9 9 1
Under Debtors Act not repealed 941
Under Debtors Act Waiver of 9 5 1
House secure from search except as provided 1 1 16
Soldiers not to be quartered in except as provided 1 1 19
Of Representativessee Representatives
Household furniture waiver of exemption on 9 3 1
Husbands debts wifes property not liable for 3 11 1
I
Idiots disqualified to vote or hold office 2 2 1
Immunities special not to be irrevocably granted 1 3 2
Not to be revoked so as to work injustice 1 3 3
Impeachment power in House of Representatives 3 6 3
Power to tryin the Senate 3 5 3
Chief Justice to preside at trial of 3 5 4
Vote necessary to convict 3 5 4
Effect of conviction 3 5 5
Governor cannot pardon in case of 5 1 12
Imprisonment abuse under forbidden 1 1 9
For debt prohibited 1 1 21
For misbehavior in presence of Legislature 3 7 12
Improvement on Homestead is part of 921
Indictment copy to be furnished defendant on demand 115 Inferior Judicatories errors of corrected by Certiorari 6 4 5
Infirm persons entitled to Homestead 9 1 1
Inherent rights not enumerated and not denied 1 5 2
Insane persons not entitled to vote or hold office 2 2 1
Inspection by Governor of Executive Officers 5 1 18
Installation of Governor 5 1 3
Insurance Department expense of 5 2 4
Companies to make reports to Governor 3 12 5
Chartered by Legislature 3 7 18
Fire deposit made with Treasury 3 12 4
Foreign and Home Life deposits required 3 12 13
Foreign Life ComptrollerGeneral to license 3 12 2
Interest on Public Debt taxation authorized to pay 7 1 1
Intoxicating drinks not to be furnished on election days 2 5 1
210
A S P
Insurrection and invasion in time of Bills may pass
summarily 3 7 7
Tax to suppress 7 1 1
Bonded debt incurred to suppress 7 12 1
Debts contracted to suppress 7 3 4
Contracted by city or county to suppress assumed
by State 7 g 1
Invasionsee 1 Insurrection 1
Investment of funds raised by sale of homestead 9 3 1
Irrevocable grants of special privileges void 13 2
J
Jeopardy more than once for same offense prohibited 118
Joint obligors suit against where tried 616 4
Owner in property State shall not become 7 5 1
Journal each House of the General Assembly shall keep 3 7 4
Original preserved in the office of Secretary of State 3 7 5
Teas and nays to be recorded in at request of one
fifth i3 7 6
Yeas and nays to be recorded in when twothirds
vote is required 3 7 21
Must show majority of all members voted for bills
passed 3 7 14
Must contain proposed amendments to Constitution 13 1 1
Of House must contain vote of elections by Legislature 3 10 1
Judge disqualified to preside in bond cases if interested
in the bonds 6 2 3
Pro hae vice Legislature may authorize 6 4 9
May grant new trials in cases of conviction 1 2 1
See Supreme Superior and City Courts
Judicial Legislative and Executive Departments distinct 1 1 23
Powers of the State where vested 6 1 J
Imliciary to declare unconstitutional acts void 1 4
Judgment of Impeachment extent of 3 5 5
Of Supreme Court may be withheld one term 6 2 7
Without verdict of Jury when 6 4 7
Of Courts authority of 12 1 5
Heretofore rendered ratified 12 1 6
Jurisdiction of Supreme Court 6 2 5
Of Superior Court 6 4 1
Of Superior Court Appellate 6 4 4
2fl
JurisdictionContinued
A s P
Of Ordinary 6 6 1
Of Ordinary County matters 6 6 2
Of Justices of the Peace 6 7 2
Against Homestead denied 9 2 1
Jury right of trial by an impartial 1 1 5
Eight of trial by Guaranteed 6 18 1
Judges of law and fact in criminal cases 1 2 1
Appeal from one to another in Superior and City
Courts 6 4 6
From Justice of the Peace to 6 7 2
Grand to recommend Commissioned Notary for
appointment 6 8 1
Grand and Traverse selection and qualification of 6 18 2
Compensation of how fixed 6 18 3
Tax by county to pay 7 6 2
Justice of the Peace may be member of Legislature 3 4 7
Part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Election Commission and removal of 6 7 3
Term of 6 7 1
Jurisdiction Sessions and Appeals 6 7 2
Ex Officio I 6 8 1
K
Kitchen furniture waiver of exemption of 9 3 1
L
Labor done on Homestead Homestead is liable for 9 2 1
Land eases involving title to brought in Superior Court 6 4 1
Cases involving title to tried at what place 6 16 2
Homestead and Exemption on 9 1 1
Larceny conviction of disfranchises 2 2 1
Law due process of required to affect rights of persons 113 Laws of general nature must have uniform operation 14 1
Of general nature affecting private rights how
varied 1 4 1
Unconstitutional are void 1 4 2
For more than one matter or different from title
void 3 7 8
Majority vote of all members necessary to pass 3 7 14
For tax shall be general 7 2 1
Not repealed or amended by reference to title alone 3 7 17
For borrowing money must be specific 7 4 1
212
LawsContinued
a s
To change County lines must be a general law 11 1
Of general operation 12
Of United States authority of 12 1
Of Georgia authority of 12 l
Local and special authority of 12 1
See Local also General Assembly
Learning Seminaries of exempt from taxation 7 2
Legislative power is in the General Assembly 3 1
Executive and Judicial Departments distinct 1 1
LegislatureSee General Assembly
Legitimate Children power in Courts 3 7
Levy and Sale exemptions from 9 1
Libels in prosecutions for truth may be given in evidence 1 2
Liberty person to be deprived of only by due process
of law 1 1
Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense 1 1
Of Conscience not to be controlled 1 1
Of speech or press not to be curtailed 1 1
Libraries Public may be exempt from taxation 7 2
Licentiousness not excused on account of liberty of Conscience 1 1
Life person not to be deprived of but by due process
of law 1 1
Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense 1 1
Crimes involving jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4
See Insurance
Lines of County to be changed under operation of general law 11 1
Liquor special tax on for Educational purposes 8 3
Not to be furnished on Election days 2 5
List of witnesses to be furnished defendant on demand 1 1
Litigation tax by County to pay expenses of 7 6
Literary Associations may be exempt from taxation 7 2
Loans to State for casual deficiencies of revenue 7 3
County or City for canal deficiencies of revenue 7 7
Of sinking Fund by Governor and Treasurer 7 14
Lobbying is a crime Legislature must provide a penalty 1 2
Publication of before passed 3 7
Acts authority of 12 1
School Systems existing not affected hereby 8 5
Lottery Tickets sale of prohibited 1 2
p
3
1
3
4
2
1
23
18
1
1
3
12
15
2
13
3
8
1
3
1
1
5
2
2
1
1
1
5
16
4
1
4
213
M
A S
Macon and Brunswick Bailroad if sold proceeds where
applied i 7 13
Majority of each branch of Legislature constitute quorum y 3 4
Of all members of each House necessary to pass bill 3 7
Malfeasance in office disfranchises 2 2
Malpractice in office by Justice of the Peace removal
for 6 7
Mandamus issued by Judge of Superior Court 6 4
Marriage does not divest wife of her property 3 11
Material furnished Homestead it is liable for 9 2
Matter different from title not to be contained in bill 3 7
Members of General Assemblysee General Assembly
Merger of counties 11 1
Message of Governor 5 1
Mileage of the members of the General Assembly 3 9
Military authority subordinate to Civil 1 1
Commission except in Militia disqualifies for Legislature i 3 4
Service commutation for goes to Public Schools 8 3
Companies Volunteer organizations 10 1
Companies Volunteer paid only when called by
State 10 1
Militia officers may be members of Legislature 3 4
Governor is commanderinchief of 5 1
District one Justice of the Peace for each 6 7
District one commissioned Notary for each 0 8
Organization of may be provided for 10 1
Paid only when called out by State 10 1
Minors family of entitled to Homestead 9 1
Ministerial officer not to levy on Homestead 9 2
Misconduct of member of Legislature how punished 3 7
Mistrial in criminal cases authorizes a second trial 1 1
Money not to be donated by State to any church etc 1 1
Illegal holders of public disqualified for office 2 4
Public defaulters of disqualified for Legislature 3 4
Authority and manner of drawing from Treasury 3 7
Borrowed by State laws for and use of 7 4
Monopoly provisions against 4 2
Municipal Corporationsee City
p
1
4
14
1
3
5
1
8
5
13
1
19
7
1
2
3
7
11
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
8
14
1
7
11
t
4
214
N
A S P
Names of children changed by Courts 3 7 18
Navigation Companies chartered by Legislature 3 7 18
Navy of State Governor is Commander of 5 1 H
New trial in criminal cases authorizes second trial 1 18
In criminal cases may be granted on conviction 1 2 1
May be granted by Superior and City Court 6 4 6
Counties not to be formed 11 1 2
Notaries Public commissioned part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Appointment commission and powers 6 8 1
Novation of charter what shall so operate 4 2 3
O
Oath of voter if challengedv 2 12
Of member of General Assembly 3 4 5
Of Governor 5 1 10
To pleas 6 4 7
Obligation of contracts not to be impaired by law 1 3 2
Of contracts heretofore made by State binding 4 2 6
Office illegal holders of public money ineligible for 2 4 1
Who may not hold 2 2 1
Impeachment removes from and disqualifies for 3 5 5
Profiting from use of public money disqualifies for 7 9 1
Conviction of Dueling disqualifies for 2 4 2
Religious opinion does not disqualify for 1 1 13
In gift of Governor or Legislature legislator disqualified for 3 4 7
Malfeasance in disfranchises 2 2 1
Officers are trustees of the people and amendable to
them v Ill
Of one department disqualified to act in another 1 1 23
Returns of election of where made 261
Of State or the United States disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7
Of Militia or Justice of the Peace may be legislator 3 4 7
Of General Assembly who are 5 11
Of Executive Department who are 3 8 1
Of Executive Department report suspension and
removal of 5 1 18
Profiting from use of public fund punishable 7 9 1
Extra compensation to after service prohibited 7 16 2
Not to be interested in Public Printing 7 17 l
Not to levy on Homestead 9 2 1
215
OfficersContinued
a s P
Of County election removal and disqualification of 11 2 1
Of County to be uniform except Commissioners 11 3 1
Now existing to continue till successor qualified 12 1 7
Order passed by Legislature must have Governors approval 1 5 1 17
Ordinances rejected not to be again proposed unless by
twothirds vote 3 7 13
Must have but one subjectmatter and same as
title 3 7 8
Of the Convention authority of 12 1 3
Of the Convention to have effect of laws 12 1 8
See Ordinances in Appendix
Ordinary Courts of parts of Judiciary 6 1 1
Courts of jurisdiction of 6 6 1
Term of office 6 6 3
Origin of Government is with the people Ill
P
Papers secure from search and seizure except as provided 1 1 16
Pardon removes political disabilities of convict 2 2 1
Of Duelists removes political disabilities of convict 2 4 2
Power in Governor must report to the Legislature 5 1 12
Passage of bills readings necessary 3 7 7
Of Bills majority of all members necessary 3 7 14
Passenger Tariffrestriction on 4 2 15
Paupers jurisdiction of Ordinary 6 6 2
Affidavit relieves from costs in Supreme Court 6
Tax for support of 7 6
Paysee Compensation Salary
Peace soldiers not to be quartered in houses in time of 1 1 19
Governor is conservator of 5 1 12
Penitentiary crimes punishable in to be tried in Superior Court 6 4 1
Per diem of members of the Legislature 3 9 1
Perquisites not allowed officers Executive Department 5 2 7
Not allowed AttorneyGeneral 6 13 1
Prom use of public funds by officers punishable 791 Persons and property to be protected by Government 1 12
Not to be molested for religious opinions 1 1 13
Eights not to be affected but by due process of law 113 May prosecute or defend in person or by attorney 114
216
PersonsContinued
Charged with offenses rights of
Life or liberty not to be jeopardized but once for
same crime
Houses and papers secure from illegal search Personalty amount of exemption of from levy and sale
Petitions and remonstrance right of guaranteed
Pleas under oath in certain cases required s
Police of the State right of people to regulate
Power not abridged in favor of corporations Policyholders in life Insurance Companies protected
Poll tax not to exceed one dollar
Goes to educational purposes
Practice in courts of same grade to be uniform
Precincts for elections how changed
President of Senate elected by Senate viva voce
Must sign aets 1
Per diem
Presides iir joint session
Acts as Governor when
Press liberty of not to be curtailed
Printing public to be let to lowest bidder
Prisoners not to be abused
Tax for support of by counties
Private ways to be allowed only compensation paid
Acts authority of
Rights accrued by law authority of
Privileges special not to be irrevocably granted
Special not be revoked so as to do injustice
Probate jurisdiction in Ordinary
Proceedings of Legislature to be kept in journals
Of courts of same grade to be uniform
Process of law necessary to affect persons in their rights
Proclamation of Governor calling extra session
Of Governor on ratification of Constitution
Prohibition writs of issued by Judge of Superior Court Prolongation of Legislative session by twothirds vote
Resolutions not submitted to Governor
Promissory notes suits on where tried
Property of persons not to be molested for religious
opinions
Protection to shall be impartial and complete Not taken for public use without compensation
A s r
1 1 5
1 1 8
1 1 16
9 1 1
1 1 24
6 4 7
1 5
4 2 2
3 12 13
7 2 3
8 3 1
6 9 1
3 7 11
3 5 8
3 7 13
3 9 3
3 10 1
5 1 1
1 1 18
7 17 5
1 1 9
7 6 2
1 3 1
12 1 4
12 1 5
1 3 2
1 3 3
6 6 1
3 7 4
6 9 1
1 1 3
5 1 13
13 o 2
6 4 5
3 4 6
3 7 23
6 16 9
1 1 13
1 1 2
1 3 J
217
Property Continued
A S P
Concealed by debtor to be reached by law 12 6
Of wife notsubject to husbands debts 3 11 1
List of exempt from tax 7 2 2
Amount of exempt from levy and sale 9 11
Protection to person and property paramount duty of
Government 1 1 2
Prosecution rights of defendants in cases of 1 1 5
Provision waiver of exemption of restricted 9 3 1
Public Funds embezzlement of disfranchises 2 2 1
Officer not to receive profit from use of 791
Treasurer not to receive profit from use of 5 2 5
See Money
Public use of private property without compensation
prohibited 1 3 1
Buildings jurisdiction of Ordinary 6 6 2
Buildings tax by county for authorized 7 6 2
Debt and institutions tax for 7 1 1
Property charitable institutions and libraries exempt from tax 7 2 2
Printing let to lowest bidder 7 17 1
Printing offices of Government not to be interested
in 7 17 1
School systemsee Education 8 1 1
Publication of ones sentiments right of not to be curtailed 1 1 15
Journal of General Assembly 3 7 4
Receipts and disbursements of Treasury 3 7 11
Intention to introduce Local Bills 3 7 15
Reports of Secretary of State Comptroller and
Treasurer 7 15 1
Proposed amendment to Constitution 13 1 1
Punishment of crime by whipping or banishment prohibited 1 1
For contempt by Courts limited 1 1 20
Not to be cruel or unusual 1 1 9
Purchase of State Bonds with sinking fund 7 14 1
Money homestead liable for 9 2 1
Purchaser of old Homestead how affected 9 8 1
Q
Qualification for Governor 5 1 7
For Senator 2 5 1
218
QualificationContinued
A S
For Representative 3 6
Each House to judge of as to its own members 3 7
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2
Judges Supreme and Superior Courts Solicitor and
AttorneyGeneral 6 14
County officers vv 11 2
Quarantine tax by county for expenses of 7 6
Quorum of each branch of Legislature is a majority 3 4
Of Supreme Court 6 2
R
Railroad may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7
Freights and Tariff subject to legislation 4 2
May build branch roads free from conditions of 4 2
Shall not deceive public as to rates 4 2
See Corporations
Railway Street not to run in City without its consent 3 7
Rates of freight and passage subject to legislation 4 2
Public not to be deceived as to amount charged 4 2
Realty Homestead of 9 1
Rebate of rates charged by Railroad not allowed 4 2
Recognizance when Legislature may relieve from forfeiture of 3 7
Reelection Governor not eligible for four years after
two terms 5 i
Registration of Electofs may be required by law 2 2
Rejection of nomination by Senate effect of 5 1
Of bill by Legislature effect of 3 7
Religious opinion civil and political rights not affected
by 1 l
Denominations not to receive money from State 1 1
Worship places of may be exempt from tax 7 2
lOmittance of sentence in power of Governor 5 1
Of forfeited Charter only on conditions 4 2
Remonstrance and petition right of guaranteed 1 1
Removal of legislator from district vacates his seat 3 4
Of disabilities in power of Governor 5 1
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 1
Of Justice of the Peace for malpractice 7
Of County Officers 11 2
From office effect of impeachment 3 5
Repeating law form of g 7
P
1
1
6
1
1
2
4
1
18
1
3
5
20
1
5
1
5
19
2
1
15
13
13
14
2
12
3
24
8
12
18
3
1
5
17
219
A S P
Reports of Insurance Companies to the Governor 3 12 5
Of Treasurer and Comptroller to the Governor 7 15 1
Representatives election and term of 3 4 12
Qualification of 3 6 1
House of part of General Assembly 3 1 1
Number and Apportionment of members of 3 3 1
Apportionment how changed 3 3 2
Representatives House of Speaker of how elected 3 6 2
Clerk of compensation and bond of 3 8 1
Impeaching power vested in 3 6 3
Local and Special bills must originate in 3 7 15
Appropriation and Revenue bills must originate in 3 7 10
Journal ofsee Journal
Representation of Constitutional Convention apportionment of 13 1 2
Reprieve in power of Governor 5 1 12
Residence requisite to vote 2 1 2
Resignation of Governor who acts in case of 5 1 8
Resolutions of appropriation must be passed by yeas
and nays 3 7 12
Requiring Governors approval 5 1 17
Requiring a twothirds vote yeas and nays must be
recorded 3 7 21
Having effect of law result of rejection 3 7 13
Retroactive legislation prohibited 1 3 2
Returns of election of Legislators each House to judge
for itself 371
To whom made 2 6 1
Of Governor how made 5 14
Of Governor how published 515
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 1
On Ratification of Constitution 13 2 2
Revenue bills must originate in House of Representatives 3 7 10
Deficiencies of in State supplied by loans 7 3 1
Deficiencies of in County or City 7 7 1
And roads County Commissioners for 11 3 1
Rights not enumerated are not denied 1 5 1
Roads jurisdiction in Ordinary 6 6 1
Tax for keeping up by County 7 6 2
And revenue County Commissioners for 11 3 1
220
s
A S P
Sailor in TJ S Service not entitled to vote because not
stationed here 2 12
Salary of Governor 5 1 2
Of Treasurer Secretary of State and Comptroller 5 22 34 Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts Attorney and SolicitorsGeneral 6 13 1
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts how
changed 6 13 2
Of State School Commissioner jv 8 2 1
Sale of States property proceeds to go to public debts 7 13 1
Exemption from 9 11
Of Homesteads how affected 9 3 1
Of old Homestead heretofore made ratified 981
Of old Homestead heretofore made artified 9 8 1
Savannah errors of City Court of corrected in Supreme
Court 6 2 5
Scire Facias writ of issued by Judge Superior Court 6 4 5
Schools Public how established by city or county 8 4 1
Public existing local system not affected 8 5 1
Not public may share school fund when 8 5 1
See I Education
Seal Great use and design of 5 8 1
Search of persons houses and papers warrant for 1 1 18
Seconds in Duel on conviction disqualified for o ce 2 4 2
Secretary of State returns of election to be made to 2 1 9
Officer of Executive Department 5 1 1
Election of 5 2 1
Salary and Clerk hire of 5 2 3
Eligibility and Bond of 5 2 6
Perquisites to forbidden 5 2 7
Is keeper of Great Seal if 5 3 1
Senate compensation and bond of 381
Governor compensation of 5 1 19
Securities on forfeited recognizances when relieved 3 7 19
Seizure of persons and papers provisions against 1 1 16
Seminaries of learning may be exempt from tax 7 2 2
Senate is a branch of General Assembly 3 1 1
Consists of 44 members 3 2 1
May propose amendments to appropriation and
revenue bills 3 7 10
Impeachments to be tried before 3 5 3
221
A S P
Seriate nomination rejected by effect of 5 15
President and Secretary ofSee President and Secretary
Senatorial Districts number composition and change of 3 2 123 Senators number not to be increased 3 2 3
Election and term of 3 4 12
Qualification of 3 5 1
Sentence commuted or remitted by Governor 5 1 12
Servitude involuntary except as punishment for crime
prohibited 1 1 17
Sessions of General AssemblySee General Assembly
Of Supreme Court 6 2 5
Of Superior Court 6 4 8
Of Justices Court r 6 7 2
Setting aside Homestead laws to be provided for 9 4 1
Shares in one corporation not enough to be bought by
another to monopolize 424
Shows special tax on goes to educational purposes 8 3 1
Sinking fund provided for 7 14 1
Site of county how changed 11 1 4
Slavery f orbidden 1 1 17
Social status of citizens not subject of legislation 1 1 18
Soldiers not to be quartered in private houses except when i X 1 1 19
Of IT S not to vote on account of being stationed here 212
Artificial limbs for maimed Confederates 7 1 1
SolicitorsGeneral term of office and duties of 6 11 12
Election by the Legislature 6 12 1
Salary of 6 13 1
Qualification of 6 14 1
Speaker of House of Representatives how elected 3 6 2
Must sign Acts 3 7 13
Per diem of 3 9 1
Acts as Governor when 518
Special law not to be enacted when provision is
made by general law 1 4 1
Changing general law in particular cases how
passed 141
For benefit of corporation conditional 4 2 3
Election of Governor 5 1 9
See Local
222

a s r
Speech Liberty of not to be curtailed 1 1 15
State aid to corporations or persons in any manner
prohibited 7 5 1
State aid by donation prohibited 7 16 1
To religious donation prohibited 1 1 14
Printer office abolished 7 17 1
State School Commissioner election and term 8 2 1
Statement of Treasurer to be published 3 7 11
Stockholder in corporation State county or city not
tobe 7 56 1
Street railroad not to run in city without consent
of authorities J 3 7 20
Suits may be brought by or against counties 11 1 1
Against State to test void or Confederate bonds
prohibited AI 7 11 1
See Venue
Superior Court is part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Jurisdiction of exclusive 6 4 1
Jurisdiction of general and appellate 6 4 34
Jurisdiction of to issue extra writs 6 4 5
Appeal and new trials in 6 4 6
Appeal from Ordinary to V 6 6 1
Appeal from Justices to 6 7 2
Sessions of 6 4 8
Superior CourtContinued
Judge one for each circuit and term of 6 3 1
Election of 6 12 1
Salary and qualification of 6 1314 1
May change venue when 6 17 1
May preside in Supreme Court when 6 2 2
May preside in City Court when 6 5 1
Appoints Notary Public exofficio Justice of the
Peace 6 8 1
Sanctions sale of Homesteads 9 38 1
Supplemental Homestead laws to be provided for 9 5 1
Supreme Court part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Constitution of 6 2 1
Jurisdiction sessions and practice 6 25 67
Cost in and paupers affidavit 6 21 1
Judges election and term 624
Judges election and vacancies how filled 6 12 1
Salary and qualification of 6 1314 1
When disqualified in particular case 6 2 2
223
9
Suspension from office of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer
T
Tax to be paid before voting
Defaulters ineligible to Legislature
By County Ordinarys jurisdiction
By county or city to meet bonded indebtedness
By county or city for school purposes
By county limited to certain purposes
May be imposed by Legislature for what purpose Muse be uniform ad valorem and by general law
On domestic animals of vicious nature
Exemptions from other exemptions void
Poll for educational purposes
Special for educational purposes
States power to impose not to be restrained
Of corporations not to be surrendered T
To raise a Sinking Fund
Lien good against Homestead
Act authority of w
Act must originate in the House
Telegraph Companies may be incorporated by Legislature
Terms of office of Governor
Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer
Judge of Supreme Court
Judge of Superior Court
Justice of the Peace
Ordinary
Attorney and SolicitorGeneral f
State School Commissioner
County Officers
Members of General Assembly
Testimony criminating himself witness not obliged to
give
Title law must not contain matter different from To land cases involving where brought
To land cases involving jurisdiction in Superior
Court
Treason what is and how convieted of
Conviction of disfranchises
Pardon respite or commutation for
A s P
5 1 18
2 1 2
3 4 7
6 6 2
7 7 2
8 4 1
7 6 2
7 1 1
7 2 1
7 2 1
7 2 24
7 2 3
8 3 1
b 4 1 1
51 7 2 5
7 14 1
9 2 1
12 1 3
3 7 10
3 7 18
5 1 2
5 2 1
6 2 4
6 3 13
6 7 1
6 6 3
6 1011 1
8 2 1
11 2 1
3 4 1
1 1 6
3 7 8
6 16 2
6 4 1
1 2 2
2 2 1
5 1 12
224
A S P
Treasurer election and term of office 5 2 1
Examination by Governor 5 1 18
Officer of Executive Department 5 11
Bemoval of 5 1 ig
Salary and Clerks hire of 5 2 2
Perquisites not allowed 5 2 7
Fee other than salary not allowed to 5 2 5
Bond and qualification of 5 2 6
To receive deposits from Eire Insurance Companies 3 12 4
To make quarterly reports to Governor7 15 1
And Governor authorized to loan Sinking Fund 7 14 1
Draw money from Treasury in what manner 3 7 11
Treaty force and authority of 12 1 1
Trial a speedy and impartial one is the right of
defendant 1 1 5
By jury remains inviolate 6 18 1
Tribunals in the various counties to be uniform 11 3 1
Trustees of the people public officers are l 1 1
The University of Georgia may accept donations etc 8 6 1
Families of minor children entitled to Homestead 9 11
U
Unexpired term of Governor special elections 5 1 9
Judges of Supreme Court 6 2 4
Unexpired termContinued
Judges Supreme and Superior Courts Attorney
and SolicitorsGeneral 6 12 1
Uniformity required in operation of general laws 1 4 1
In county officers and tribunals ll 3 1
In courts of same grade 6 9 1
In taxation 7 2 1
University of Georgia appropriation to 8 6 1
United States Constitution acts in violation of void 14 2
Treaties and laws authority of 12 1 1
Soldiers not entitled to vote for being stationed
here 212
Y
Vacancy in office of Governor 5 1 8
Judge of Supreme Court 6 2 4
Judge of Superior Court 6 3 2
225
VacancyContinued
A S P
Judge Supreme and Superior Courts and Solicitor
General 6 12 1
Members General Assembly 5 1 13
Governor may fill when not otherwise provided 5 1 14
Validity of bonds not to be tried by Judge who is
interested 6 2 3
Declared void by Constitution not subject to suit 7 11 1
Valuation of Homestead laws to be provided for 9 4 1
Venue in cases of divorce 6 lfi 1
Of land titles 6 16 2
Of Equity if 6 16 3
Against joint obligors acceptors indorsers etc 6 16 45
Civil and criminal generally 6 16 6
Civil and criminal changed hbw v 6 17 1
Verdicts judgments without when 6 4 7
First and second in divorce eases 6 15 1
Veto of Governor overruled by twothirds vote 6 7 23
Viva voce voting by General Assembly 3 10 1
Void bonds of State not to be paid 7 11 1
Volunteer companies organization of 10 1 2
Not paid unless called out by State 10 1 3
Vote by the people shall be by ballot 2 11
Who is entitled toOath of voter 2 1 2
Who is not entitled to 2 2 1
By General Assembly to be viva voce 3 10 1
Of twothirds being required yeas and nays must
be recorded 3 7 21
Of twothirds being required does not do away
with Governors approval 3 7 23
Of twothirds overrides Governors veto 3 7 23
Of General Assembly having effect of law sub
mitted to Governor 5 117
Of General Assembly in elections must appear
in House Journal 3 10 1
W
Waiver of Homestead i 831
Of old exemption 951
War bonded debt may be increased for purposes of 7 12 1
Debt of county or city for may be assumed by
State 7 8 1
Debt may be contracted to defend State in time
226
WarContinued
A S P
of 7 3 1
Quartering soldiers in house in time of 1 1 19
Tax to defend State in time of 7 1
Warrant for search how obtained 1 1 16
Ways private may be granted after compensation
paid 9 1 31
Wearing apparel waiver of exemption on limited 9 3 1
Western Atlantic E E if sold proceeds how
applied fc 7 13 1
Whipping as punishment for crime prohibited 1 1 7
White and colored publie schools to be separate 8 1 1
Widows pensions provided for 7 1 1
Wifes property is her Separate estate after marriage 3 11 1
Wild Land Clerk compensation of 5 2 4
Witnesses in criminal cases rights of defendants as to 1 1 5
Not compelled to criminate themselves 1 1 6
Two necessary to convict of treason 12 2
Worship of God may be according to conscience 1 1 12
Place of may be exempt from tax 7 2 2
Y
Yeas and Nays to be Recorded in Journal
At request of onefifth 3 7 6
On appropriation bills and resolutions3 7 12
When twothirds vote is required 3 7 21
On amendments to Constitution 13 1 1
227
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