The Georgia alert, 1951 - 1955

THE GEURGlA

State Department of Oefense, Civil Defense Division

irector

ol. 1, No. 1
'
E-RNEST VANDIVER Civil Defense Director
State of Georgia
Ernest Vandiver was born July 3, 1918 in Ca non, Franklin County, Georgia. He attended Lavonia Public Schools; Dar Iin gton Pr~paratory School; graduated University of Georgia with A. B. and LL. B. Degrees; Phi Delta Theta; Ph i Delta Phi; Omicron Delta Kappa; Blue Key, and Sphinx.
He was a commissioned pilot in the Army Air Force during World War II.
Beg an practice of law in 1947, and elected Mayor of Lavonia that same year. At that time he was the youngest Mayor in the United States.
Marri ed September 3, 1947 to the former Miss Sybil Elizabeth Russell,
dau ghter of Judge Robt. L. Russell
(U. S. Fifth Circuit Judge), and Sybil Nan ette (M i llsaps) Russell . Father of two ch i Idren, one son and one daughter. Mr. Vandiver and h i s family reside at 208 5 Dellwood Drive, N. E., Atlanta.
Mr . Vandiver is a well known farmer an d cattle raiser in Frankl in County.
He successfully managed the campai gn of Herman E. Talmadge for Go vernor in 1948.
He was appointed Adjutant General of the State of Georgia in January, 1949, at the age of 30, At that time he was, and sti ll is , the youngest Adjutant General in the United States. The following are a
(see VANDIVER, page 6)

Atlanta, Ga.
PAPER C

November,
1(i!Jj

FOR EMERGENCY USE

Georgia has a stockpile of 1,000,000 paper cups and containers, which

will insure an adequate supply of these important utensils for every town

and city in the State, in the event of air attack or other disaster, it is re-

vealed in an announcement by Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Director of Civil Defense.

The paper supplies are stock-

piled in a warehouse in the Griffin area and plans have been perfected

TRUMAN URGES

to transport a sufficient supply to any section of the State affected

SUPPORT OF CD

by atomic explosion or other disaster, the Director pointed out. The exact location of the stockpile will not be made public for security reasons.
The paper supplies become highly essential in emergency hospitals and feeding the homeless when: water supplies are knocked out, making dishwashing impossible Mr. Vandiver said.
In making this announcement he stated that State and local Civil Defense officials negotiated with the Paper Cup and Container Institute, Inc., an association of 17 manufacturers, to place the stockpile in Georgia at its own expense. The area selected for the stockpile is conveniently located to insure delivery to any section of the State an adequate supply of

"It is the expressed policy and intent of Congress that the responsibility for Civil Defense should be vested primarily in the States and their political subdivisions. I, therefore, call upon all citizens to lend their support to Civil Defense in their own communities.
''Much has been done, but much remains to be done. It will require the best efforts of all of us to get ready, and to stay ready, to defend our homes. No true American would want to give less than his best to that cause, and no one who knows the American people could ask for more." -President Truman, on signing the Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950.

the items warehoused.

The Georgia stockpile is part of

25,000,000 such paper supplies Director announced.

being warehoused in the Nation's

"Experience in the recent Kan-

most critical target areas. Other sas-Missouri floods has made it

stockpiles for the South are being placed in Birmingham, Alabama,

evident that paper utensils are essential for emergency hospitals

New Orleans, L ouisiana, and Houston, Texas, the Civil Defense

and feeding the homeless in times of disaster," Mr. Vandiver noted.

THE GEORGIA A L E R T - - - - - - - - - - - - - - : - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ : __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

TO THE CIVIL DEFENSE VOLUNTEER WORKERS OF GEORGIA:
Permit me to extend my personal and official thanks and appreciation to General Ernest Vandiver, his Civil Defense staff and the patriotic men and women throughout the State who have volunteered their services in this important undertaking.
Civil defense is serious business.
It is a task which must he performed in order that we can he ready for a day which we pray to God will never come.
Georgia must continue to he counted as one of the states which takes civil defense seriously. I am gratified at the progress thus far, hut we must he prepared in every respect.
There are several critical potential target areas within our borders and there is always the likelihood in war that enemy aircraft undershooting or overshooting their target might drop their hol}lh loads on smaller communities. In any event, the less populated areas in the State must be ready with all of their resources to help the injured and homeless from any concentrated urbanindustrial areas which might be subject to attack.
The new hospital buildings which are being built now over the State, as well as the new common school buildings and new dormitories for the University System, will offer hospital refuge in case of need.
We are fortunate in that the immediate danger to us is not as great as some of the more populous areas such as New York, Detroit, Chicago, Cleveland and others. But this does not mean that we can afford to relax our efforts to prepare for any eventualities.
Of necessity, the Civil Defense organization of Georgia, like all or the other states, will he largely dependent on the voluntary, uncompensated services of the patriotic men and women of Georgia who want to do their part in defending this country, its homes and institutions. And above all protecting inviolate our democratic form of government and its priceless guarantees of freedom and individual liberty.
The life of our country may very well rest in the hands of the civil defense workers who must he ready to move quickly and with precision to minimize the effect of enemy attacks on onr people and our capacity to produce. We must protect these two resources, as far as is humanly possible, in order to assure a victorious end in any conflict which might come to pass.
As has always been the case throughout the history of this great country of ours, I am confident that the people of Georgia can he counted on to give a full measure of their talents, energies and devotion to duty to the cause of civil defense. It may very likely prove to he the most important cause since the Minute Men stood their ground against tyranny and oppression at Lexington and Concord.

CANNOT BLINDLY
IGNORE DANGER
"We cannot blindly ignore the danger that is upon us. I am thankful that in the United States Senate we have recognized this proh1em and prepared realistically to face it. All the billions we spend on national defense could be wasted if our Civil Defense is neglected.
"This program is not merely one of buckets of sand and stirrup pumps. It is the creation of a second branch of our defense structure. The one is the military, the other the civilian It means the training of millions of volunteer workers; the accumulation of adequate stockpiles of food and medical supplies to supply likely target areas; the equipping of mobile fire-fighting units to meet the requirements of an atomic bomb burst; it means the research to develop proper shelters, and ways and means of combatting the terrible after effects of not only atomic weapons but the effects that might come from bacteriological. warfare. In fact, it means the complete mobilization of the minute men and women of our country into a defensive force which will absorb terrific casualties and spring hack into a full productive routine."Senator Estes Kefauver (Tenn.).
"There I.S no complete protection
against an atomic air attack, but there is a great deal that can he done to reduce the number of deaths and Injuries that might result. The lives of many millions of people may depend on the development of a strong Civil Defense program to meet such an attack." President Truman.

A great number of Civil Defense films are listed in the film libraries of the State Board of Education, and they may be obtained by the schools for the asking. They would make a good background for a PTA meeting some night when the local Civil Defense Director comes out to speak.

2

NOVEMBER, 1951

-----------------------------------------------------------------------THE GEORGIA ALERT
OBSERVER CORPS

IS VITAL NEED, DIRECTOR NOTES

GO VE RNOR SIGNS CIVIL DEFENSE ACT -Shown above is Governor Hermon Tal ma dge affixing his signature to the Georgia Civil Defense Act following enact ment of the measure by the 1951 session of the General Assembly. Looking on is Er n-, s t Vandiver, Civil Defense State D i rector, who announced the appointment of Frank Kopf as Deputy Director and Charles T. White as Assistant Deputy Director. Ot her staff members have been appointed si nc e activation of the Department.

OKLAHOMA GETS
A Civil Defense Training Center has recently been opened at the Ok lahoma A & M College, Stillwater, Oklahoma, to instruct state a m local personnel in the organizati on and function of Civil Defense wi th primary emphasis on the trainin g of wardens, it has just been announced by Ernest Vandiver, Ge orgia director of the Departm ent of De fense.
A number of Georgians h~ve a lready attended the Oklahoma Training Center and it is expected that others will take advantage of this

TRAINING CENTER
trammg to equip themselves to render service in the various corD"' rnunities of the state in the event of atorni c dis aster or other acts of warfare, he said.
Any city or town in the state may send representatives to the Training Center, lVIr. Vandiver said, and following completion of the course prescribed, the trainees are qualified to direct classes in warden service, fire fighting, defense against various forms of a tomic attack, a nd training methods and practice.

NO VEMBER, 1951

"Increasing concern about the possibilities of enemy air attack indicate that the organization and training of the Ground Observer Corps should be expedited," Ernest Va ndiver, State Civil Defense Director, pointed out in a statement today in commenting on the fact that this phase of the Georgia Civil Defense program is lagging.
"We must, without any delay, make every effort to organize at least one observer post in each city and incorporated town in Georgia," he emphasized. The national program calls for observation posts every eight miles with approximately 20 volunteer workers required for each post. The duty of these observers, he added, will be to report the appearance of all aircraft and to transrni t this information to Filter Centers in Atlanta and Savannah.
The Filter Centers, the State Civil Defense Head said, will require the services of approximately 500 volunteer workers at each of the two Georgia centers. The exact location of the Filter Centers will not be made public.
"The Ground Observer Corps," Mr. Vandiver noted, "will be cornpose d of patriotic Georgians who volunteer their services on a parttime basis to report on the movement of all aircraft." This data will be give n directly by telephone to the Filter Centers which will be manned by plotters, filterers and tellers, thence to an Air Force installation called the Ground Control Intercept Station.
"These reports," he added, "are processed immediately with the result that civilian communities, hospitals, factories, etc., are warned at once of the approaching enemy aircraft."
Georgia is responsible for the organization of approximately 750 Ground Observer Posts and two Filter Centers.
3

THB GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave. , S. E.
Atlanta, Georgia
'--ERNEST VA NDIVER
Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Assistant Deputy Director
WILLIAM F. KER NS Engineering Officer
JERRY C:A UBLE Northern Area Director
M. L. LEGGETT Central Area Director
HARRY U. JACKSON Southern Area Director
HOYLE R. YANDLE Editor & Civil Defense Public Affairs Officer
'
"The fact is that the atomic bomb makes planned destruction easier. The situation no longer exists where people can live in some isolated place and say they aren't in danger." - James K. McElroy, Engineer, National Fire Protection Association.
"No matter how efficient our radar screen, no matter how good our defense may become, we can't visualize a situation where enemy bombers will not get through to some extent, and some American community, perhaps your own, will be the target." - Daniel K. Edwards, Assistant Secretary of Defense.
4

THE GE ORGIA ALERT
This is Volume 1, Number 1, of the Georgia Alert, official publication of the Civil Defense Division of the State Department of Defense.
The purpose of the Alert is primarily to emphasize and magnify the importance of maintaining an active and militant Civil Defense organization in each city and town m Georgia with 1,000 or more inhabitants. Simply stated, the mission of the Alert as it goes into the homes and offices of Georgia people is to awaken each citizen to the undisputed fact that our potential enemy has the facilities with which to drop death-dealing atomic bombs on any city or area it might choose, but the destructiveness of this weapon can be minimized if we follow the law in perfecting local Civil Defense organizations.
Members of the General Assembly agreed unanimously that "because of the existing and increasing possibility of the occurrence of disasters on emergencies of unprecedented size and de s tructiveness resulting from enemy a tFack insure that preparations of this State will be adequate to deal with such disasters to provide for the common defense and to preserve the LIVES AND PROPERTY of the people it is hereby found and declared necessary to create a State Civil Defense Agen-
cy "
Ernest Vandiver, State Director, has exercised keen judgment and sound planning in setting up the State Civil Defense Division, and in administering the affairs of the agency, he has emphasized on numerous occasions that "the lives of our people are precious, from the remote rural sections to the metropolitan centers, and to protect this greatest asset of our State, it is incumbent upon all of us to be militant to the extent that Civil Defense will serve the purpose for which it was created."
The Georgia Alert has a sacred mission . World conditions are chaotic, to say the least, and in establishing this publication the State

FRANK A. KOPF
KOPF ANNOUNCES PURPOSE OF ALERT
This is the first issue of the Georgia Alert, official organ of the Civil Defense Division of the Georgia Department of Defense.
The Georgia Alert will be mailed free of charge to those citizens in Georgia interested enough in Civil Defense to read the publication. The contents of the Alert will be of immense value to Georgians, and it is recommended that those who receive the monthly publication become active in perfecting local Civil Defense organizations throughout the State.
Many things are happening about the Nation that are of vital concern to the Civil Defense minded citizens, and it is our hope that we may present this information through the columns of the monthly Alert.
Civil Defense organizations throughout the State are urged to furnish information regarding their respective organizations to the Georgia Alert so that it may be included in future issues. In this way we will be able to keep all sections of the State apprised of the progress of Civil Defense in every city and county.
Civil Defense staff feels that the appeals to protect lives and minimize the destruction of property contained in this first issue and subsequent issues will find a ready response from Georgians who love the American way of life.
NOVEMBER, 1951

p
- - - --------------------------------THE GEORGIA ALERT
The Director
SAYS ...

By ERNEST VANDIVER

The Civil Defense Division of the State Department of Defense feels that it is rendering an additional service to the people of Georgia throug h publication of the Georgia Alert. It is designed primarily as an additional medium for the specific purpos e of presenting to the people of Ge orgia statements and photographs of State and National Civil Defens e activity not included in regular press and radio releases.
Th is is the first issue of the Georgia Alert. The information contained herein, and in subsequent issues , will be of inestimable value to our people if Georgia should be a targe t of the enemy. And, we must reme mber, that every area of our State is within range of long-range bombe rs of our potential enemy, and when they feel it is advantageous to use this destructive force the select ion of the target will not be left to the discretion of American pe opl e .
The act creating the Civil Defense Division of the Department of Defen se was enacted by unanimous action of the General Assembly. The division was activated upon the signature of Governor Herman Ta lmadge, February 19, 1951.
Considerable progress has been made in organizing Civil Defense throughout the State. However, there is much to be done and we must not let apathy or complacency drown our enthusiasm for a program designe d primarily to save the lives of our pe ople and protect their property whe n, an-1 if, disaster should arise.
Th e law requires each city and town with 1 ,000 or more inhabitants to appoint a Civil Defense Director. Mos t of our cities have complied with this regulation, and in those cities where this has not been done, I cannot stress too strongly the imp ortance of immediate action in organizing the Civil Defense forces. The success of the plan will be
NO VE MBER, 1951

STOCKPILE PAPER CUPS -Ernest Vandiver, State Director of Civil Defense,ond Mrs. Patsy Gaultney, Civil Defense Secretory, demonstrate portable hot and cold . drink dispenser which is among items in stockpile of 1,000,000 paper cups and containers warehoused at Griffin for all of Georgia in event of atomic destruction or other disaster. The supplies become essential for coring for wounded and feeding the homeless when water supplies are knocked out, making dishwashing impossible.

largely dependent upon the energy and cooperation with which it is implemented at all levels, down to and including individuals.
The press and radio of the state have been most cooperative in supporting Civil Defense . As a result of this public service, the people of Georgia have a fair knowledge of what Civil Defense is and what it will mean to our people if the need should ever arise.
Our country mus t remain strong militarily, and to reinforce the strength of our military forces we must gird ourselves for the protection of our homes, our people and our productive resources. This we can do through an active and militant Civil Defense.
It is our primary aim to be of service to the people of Georgia, and to administer Civil Defense in a manner that will magnify to the individu<tl the importance of mutual helpfulness to those of his own household, his neighbors and ultimately to the end that every

Georgia citizen may be on the alert at all times for protection against atomic destruction or other disaster.
To this end, I am confident the Georgia Alert will serve a very definite need in this atomic age. Our primary aim is motivated by our interest in Georgia citizens and to administer the Civil Defense law in accordance with provisions of the act.
May a wise and just Providence spare us the suffering and death which war will bring. May we also be granted the courage and fortitude to pursue unafraid, the course of dignity and freedom, with the knowledge that God, through the ages, has protected people and Nations who put their trust in Him.
"For the first time in our history, this country faces the threat of a sudden devastating attack at any time. Every city, factory, office and home must be organized for Civil Defense." - President Truman.

5

1 STATE CIVIL DEFENSE STAFF -Shown above is a recent photograph of members of the State Staff of Georgia's Civil Defense snapped in front of headquarters on Con federate Avenue in Atlanta. Left to right, they are: Brig. Gen. Frank A. Kopf, Deputy Director; Lt. C. T. White, Assistant Deputy Director; Hoyle R. Yandle, Public Affairs Officer; Jerry Cauble, North Georgia Area Director; Mrs. Agnes McCain, Vari Typer Operator; Miss Leah Hoyle Yandle, Typist; Mrs. Marie Jones, Typist; and Mrs. Patsy Gaultney, Secretary. Not shown are Harry U. Jackson, Cuthbert, South Georgia Area Director; M. L. Leggett. Macon, Middle Georgia Area Director; Don Greer, Clerk typist; and Col. William F. Kerns, Engineering Officer.
Russia Has Atomic Bombs, Millard Caldwell Says
''The press has reported the sober statements of eminent spokesmen who have called these the gravest days of our history. Informed people do not doubt that fact.
l. The Russians have atomic bombs and planes in sufficient numbers and excellence to assault all of our major cities in one attack.
2. There is little or nothing we can do to stop them. The best to be expected is that some ten to twenty percent of the attacking forc e may be downed or deflected.
3, That attack can come with little or no warning. The best we can hop e for is a few minutes notice.
4, The Russians are capable and ready to deliver this destruction whenever they feel like it--whenever it is most profitable for them to do so.
These, then, are the facts we face. The story has be en reported in part by all the newspapers of the nation. You must agree it is vital that the people of this country acknowledge those facts and act in the light of them."- FCDA Administrator Millard Caldwell.
6

CD MEMBERS
ATTEND COLLEGE
IN MARYLAND
All members of the Staff of the Civil Defense Division hav~ attended conferences in Washington and the Civil Defense Staff College in Olney, Maryland, during the past few months and are well qualified to present the Civil Defense program in Georgia.
The law creating the Civil Defense Division was enacted by the 1951 session of the Georgia General Assembly, and prior to that time Brig. Gen. Frank A. Kopf, at present Deputy Director, served in the capacity of Civil Defense Coordinator. He has attended a number of conferences in Washington, Chicago, Philadelphia, Syracuse, and other points in connection with the program in Georgia, as well as the college in Maryland.
Lt. Charles T. White, Assistant Deputy Director, has been connected with the Civil Defense program for more than a year, having served as the assistant to Gen. Kopf prior to creating the State Civil Defense Division. He has also attended Civil Defense conferences in various cities of the Nation as well as the Civil Defense Staff College in Maryland.
Other members of the staff who have attended the Maryland Civil Defense Staff College are: Jerry Cauble, Atlanta; M. L. Leggett, Macon, and Harry U. Jackson, Cuthbert, the three Civil Defense Area Directors; William F. Kerns, Engineering Officer, and H. R. Yandle, Public Affairs Officer.
VANDIVER
few of the posit ions he ndw holds: Member of the Executive Council of
the Adjutant General's Association of the United States; Adjutant Genal of Georgia; Director of Selective Service for the State of Georgia; Eastern Vice President of the Association of State Directors of Civi I Defense of the United States.
Governor Talmadge appointed Mr. Vandiver Civil Defense Director for the State of Georgia in Apri I, 1950.
NOVEMBER, 1951

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - T H E GEORGIA ALERT
DANIEL HEADS NEW DIVISION

The Department of Aviation is the newest division of the Civil Defense Division of the State Department of De fens e, according to announcement by Ernest Vandiver, State Director.
The Director appointed I.,t. Col.
Tom Daniel, Jr., as head of this dj vis ion. Colone I Daniel is a well known aviation enthusiast and business man.
"The primary purpose for creating this department," he pointed out, "is to regist~r all pilots, aircraft, and airfields in the State that could be e mployed in protecting our citize ns and their property in the event of an emergency.''
In order to facilitate the registration of all aircraft, the Civil Defense Director announced that the' 'State has been divided into thr'ee areas, with a director to be appointed for each area whose duties will be to re gis ter all aviati'on facilities.
"Each airport manager will be responsible for the' registering of all aircraft at his field," Mr. Vandiver stated. Appropriate registration forms and certificates will be furnis hed by the Department of Defense following receipt of informati on giving the nutnber . of planes at each field in the State, h~ adde..d.

VANDIVER, TALMADGE VIS IT BARROW FAIR-Ernest Vandiver, State Director of
Civil Defense, is shown above in the Civil Defense booth explaining the Civil Defense map to Gove rnor Herman Talmadge at the Barrow County Fair held in Winder in September. Kneeling in front of Mr. Vandiver is John Kelley, Winder Civil Defense Director. The State Civil Def.ense Division maintained booths at several county fairs this year, ~Ius di splays at both the Southeastern Fair in Atlanta and the Georgia State Fair in Macon.

Obey WudtiS.
Go to issiawed sheller. Obey your llldw. Go to uti cned . . . quielty.
Obeyw.dels.IID 111 nearestOK'd
buildiaa or .......
NOV EMBER, 1951

STATE CD COMMENDED

Georgia is "one of the top three states in the nation" in Ci vi i Dew fense planning, P. M. Schuchart, chief of the communications section of the Federal Civil Defense Administration in Washington, declared on a recent visit to the State.
Schuchart lauded "concrete work" of the State Civil Defense unit, foll ~wing a conference with State Director Ernest Vandiver, Deputy Director Frank A. Kopf, State Communications Chief C. L. Matson, representatives of Southern Bell Telephone Company and other communications organizations.
The Federal Civil Defe nse official reviewed preparations of the State Civil Defense communications

division which would make possible immediate activation in case of
enemy attack. Mr. Schuchart, who
has inspected Civil Defense groups over the nation, said Georgia "ranked along with the states of New York and Illinois as the top three in communications planning."
"I am favo_rably impressed by Georgia's far-reaching plans for defense and by the cooperation of both Southern Bell and independent communications systems," he added.
Following the conference, Mr. Vandiver and Mr. Schuchart issued
a joint statement in which they warned Georgians against "apathy and complacency" toward Civil Defense planning.
7

Department of Defense Civil Defense Division 959 E. Confederate Ave. S.E. Atlanta, Ga.

Sec. 34.66, P.L ,&R. U.S. POSTAGE PAID
AtIanta, Ga. Permit No. 219

VANDIVER WARNS AGAINST APATHY IN CD PROGRAM

GEORGIA JOINS IN CIVIL DEFENSE PACT- Georgia, Florida, and Tennessee have completed an Interstate Civil Defense Mutual Aid Compact which binds each State to assist the others in Civil Defense work in the event of enemy attack. Shown above completing the agreement at the National Governor's Conference in Gat Iin burg, Tenn., are, seated, left to right: Gov. Fuller Warren, Florida, and Gov. Herman Talmadge, Georg ia. Standing, left to right: Maj. Gen. Sam Wallace, Tennessee Civil Defense Director; Gav .Gordon Browning, Tennessee; and Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Civil
Defense Director. Georgia and Alabama signed a mutual aid compact a few months
ago, and simi lor agreements wi II be executed with North Carol ina and South Carol ina in the near future.
STATES EXECUTE AGREEMENT

Georgia, Florida, Alabama and Tennessee have executed an Interstate Civil Defense Disaster Compact for the full and effective utilization of the resources of the states involved in meeting any emergenc y or d isaster resulting from enemy attacks by bombs, shellfire, atomic weapons, and other destructive acts of warfare, it has just been announced by Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Director of Civil Defense.
To insure uniformity of plans for the protection of the greatest number of people of the four states, there will be frequent consultation
8

between the representatives of the states and with the Federal Government, including inventories of any materials and equipment available for Civil Defense, and coordinating the following activities:
Insignia, arm bands and other distinctive articles to designate and distinguish the different Civil Defense services, blackouts and practice air raid drills, warnings and signals, screening or extinguishing lights, shutting off water mains, gas and electric power, etc.

"Georgia's Civil Defense Program could be lost within by negligence, . by carelessness, or by simple failure to carry out necessary duties," Ernest Vandiver, State Director, said recently in pointing out that no citizen of Georgia is immune from specific duties in the state-wide program design~d to save liv~s and protect property in event of atomic destruction or J ther disaster in the State.
"The very cbncept of war," the State Director emphasized, "is a shocking one to free Americans. We have long depended upon two oceans for protection, and the armed forces to do our fighting. Now, our Civil Defense program has become equally important. Under certain conditions, it is perhaps even more important,''
"The people of Georgia have faced disaster many times," he noted. "But potential courage and determination are not enough. Our Civil Defense program is not in the market for people who have the courage to die, but for those who have the courage to live-who can think and work after disaster."
Mr. Vandiver reminded the people of Georgia that "one atomic bomb borne to any area of the State we probahly could not stop, or hurled by a rocket from a submarine we could not detect, could cripple industry and destroy thousands of people.
NOVEMBER, 1951

THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division,

Vol. 1, No. 2

Atlanta, Ga.

CIVIL DEFE 700 OBSERVER POSTS

tor December, 1951

Major E. F. Shaheen, United States Air Force, has been designated liaison officer between Headquarters Central Air Defense F orce, Kansas Ci ty, Mo. , and the Civil Defense Division of the State of Georgia, it wa s a nnounced today by Ernest Vandiver, State Director. Major Shaheen will conce ntrate on coordinating the Ground Observer Corps t' rogram in the State.

E RNEST VANDIVE R
The Director SAYS ...
We have just observed Thanksgiving Day in Georgia and throughout the Nation.
On De cember 25 we will observe another holiday that has been marked with solemnity for many ge nera tions, and we sincerely pray that we shall be privileged to continue the observance of the anniversary of One who for two thousand years has guided and protected those who put their trust in Him.
In organizing our Civil Defense units in Georgia, it is imperative that we keep in mind that our primary obje ctive is to protect the lives of our people against an enemy whose designs are to enslave the freedomlovi ng, God-fearing men and women and boys and girls who have traditiona lly and with fervent heart offere d prayers for bountiful harvests and for the preservation of a
See VANDIVER, Page 3

Vandiver Set To Address Feb. Meet
Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Civil Defense head, will go to Washington next month for a meeting of the National Association of State Civil Defense Directors. The sessions will be held January 9-10.
Mr. Vandiver is vice president of the Eastern Division of the national organization.
The Director is scheduled for an address at a safe ty meeting of the American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation, to be held in Atlanta February 29. He was advised of this assignment by C. E. Tishler of the staff of the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas.
Mr. Vandiver is in great demand for addresses in the State and various sections of the Nation on matters pertaining to Civil Defense.

In commenting on his new assignment, Major Shaheen stated tha t "The Ground Observer Corps is a vital link in our chain of na ti onal defense and one in which patriotic Georgians can play a major role."
"Hadar," he said, "is a wonder-
ful development. In the detection of
aircraft at high altitude, it has no equal. Millions of dollars are being spent on our national radar net, but an unlimited amount of additional money could be spent to make our electronic warning system more complete in every detail. Howe ver, to do so, would be an extreme dra in on our national economy and is not considered a practical measure."
Major Shaheen emphasized the importance of this division of the CD organization when he pointed out that "the Department of Civil Defense, continuing on an alre a dy successful program, is planning the organization of over 700 Ground Observer Posts to be located throughout the State and operated in conjunction with Filter Centers in Atlanta and Savannah." These pos ts are to be established every eight miles over the State.
"Hadar is limited," he noted, a nd
added that it must be augmented by
See CL> PLANS, Page 8

THE C.FORG,.A AL.ERT - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
These emergency Arst aid items are for a family of four persons or less. Assemble them, then wrap in a moisture-proof covering and place in an easily carried box. Paste this sheet to the box cover and P,lace the box in your shelter area.

FIRST AID ITEM

QUANTITY

SUBSTITUTE

1. Antiseptic Solution Benzol- 3 to 6 oz. Organic mercurial compounds

konium Chloride Solution. 1 bottle

in water. Drug stores have them

to 1000 parts of water.

under several trade names.

!. Aromatic Spirits of Am- 1 to 2 oz. None

monia

bottle

3. Table Salt 4. Balcins Soda

1 box
8 to 10 oz. box

Sodium chloride tablet, 10 grains.
Sodium bicarbonate or sodium citrate tablets, 5 grains

USE
For open wounds, scratches and cuts. Not lor burns.
For faintness, adult dose 1f2 teasEoonful in cup of water; children 5 to 10 drops in Y2 glass of water. As smelling salts hold bottle under nose.
For shoclc-dissolve 1 teaspoonful salt and Y2
teaspoonful baking soda in 1 qt. water. Have patient drink as much as he will. Don't give to unconscious person or semiconscious person . If using substitutes dissolve six 105r. sodium chloride tablets and six 5-gr. sodium bicarbonate (or sodium citrate) tablets in 1 qt. water. For some slight protection a1ainst nerve gasdissolve 4 teaspoonfuls of ba ing soda in 1 qt. water. Wash parts of body exposed to nerve gas with it or saturate cloth and place over face as gas mask .

5. Triangular Bandage compressed, 37 x 37 x 52 in., folded, with 2 safety pins.
6. La rse Bath Towels
7. Small Bath Towels 8. Bed Sheet

9. Medium First Aid Dressing 8 in . by 7Y2 in ., folded, sterile with gauze enclosed cotton pads. Packaged with muslin bandage and 4 safety pins.
10. Small First Aid Dressing 4 in. by 7 in., folded, sterile with gauze enclosed cotton pads and gauze bandage.
11. Paper Drinlcins Cups
12. Eye Drops, Castor Oil

13. Flashlight

14. Safety Pins, 11,/2 in. Ions 15. Razor Blades, Single Edge

16. Toilet Soap

17.

~lints,
1 s to 14

Plastic in . thick ,

, Wooden, 31f2 in. wide

by 12 to 15 in. lo ng.

18. Tongue Blades, Wooden

19. Water Purification Tablets

!0. Measuring Spoons

4 bandages
2 2 1
9

Muslin or other strong materi al. Fold to exact dimensions. Wrap each bandage and 2 safetypinsseparatelyinpaper. None None None
Must be bought

For a sling; as a covering; for a dressing.
For bandages or dressio1gs: Old soft towels and sheets are best. Use as bandages or dressings. Cut in sizes necessar~ to cover wounds. Towels are burn dressings. lace over burns and fasten with triangular bander or strips of sheet. Towels and sheets should be aundered , ironed, and packaged in heavy paper. Relaund er every 3 months.
For open wounds or for dry dressings for burns. These are packaged sterile. Don't try to make your own.

2

Must be bought

25 to 50

IEnvelope or cardboard type.

1f2 to 1 oz. Bland eye drops sold by

bottle with druggists under various trade

dropper

n a m e s.

For administering stimulants and liq-uid-s. For eyes irritated by dust, smolce or fumes. Use 2 drops in each eye. Apply cold compresses every 20 minutes if possible.

1

Must be bought

Electric lights may go out. Wrap batteries in moisture proof covering. Don 't keep in flashl ig ht.

15

None

For holding bandages in place.

3
1 bar 12

Sharp knife or scissors

For cuHins banda/.es and dressings, or for removing clothing rom injured part.

Any mild soap

I For cleansinsslcin.

A 40-page newspaper folded to dimensions, pieces of orange crate sidings, or shingles cut to size.

For splinting brolcen arms or legs.

12

Shingles, pieces of orange For splinting brolcen fingers or other small

crate, or other light wood cut bones and for stirring solutions.

to approximately 11f2" x 6".

Botti e of 100 Iodine tablets; Chlorine tab- For purifying water when it can 't be boiled, but lets; Chlorine capsules sold tap water officially declared radioactive must not under various trade names be used for any purpose .

1 set

Cheap plastic or metal

For measuring or stirring solutions.

"One member er each Georgia family should qualify to administer first ai3-M7~1
by taking a First Aid Training Course."--Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Director ot Civil Defense.

2

DECEMBER, 1951

Vandiver
(continue d from poge one)
great Na tion. \\e hear reports of incidents tak-
in g pla ce in various sections of the world that could easily develop into armed conflict. If, and when, this takes place we may be sure that America will be hit and hurt. And unless we perfect a militant and ac tive Civil Defense in every area of our State and Nation, it is entire ly possible and highly probable tha t many people will be sacrifice d that otherwise could have be en saved.
\\e must not be lulled into a false sense of 3ecurity by placing too much confidence in the so-called truce talks in Korea and the attitude of compromise which has suddenly deve lope d in the minds and actions of the Communist envoys. Hecords are in struments of fact against whic h arguments fall easy prey. And the record of Communist activity throughout the years is so obviously oppos ite to that which has made America great that we must, without any reservation, be on the alert.
To preserve the great traditions of t he observance of Thanksgiving, Christmas, and many other great occasions that provoke gratitude on the part of American citizens entails enthusiastic activity and partic ipation on the part of all of us in our Civil Defense organization.
In our support of this great program of defense we must not be unm indful of our dependence on a good God whose arm of protection enve lops the civilized world.
''We learned from bitter experience in World War II, and then from Korea , that preparedness and mob il ization are not faucets that can be turne d on and . off at the whim of any morning's headline. We have blow n hot .and cold on Civil Defense in dire ct proportion to the criticality of t he international situation. As long as the re is the faintest threat of war we will need a strong and wel l organized home front."He prese ntative Carl T. Durham
( . c.).
DEC EMBER, 1951

GOVERNOR, VANDIVER CHECK ALERT--The Georgia Alert, monthly publication of the Civil Defense Division, receives approval of Governor Herman Talmadge and Ernest Vandiver, Director of the Department of Defense, following distribution of the first issue in November. Shown above viewing one of the first copes are Mr. Vandiver and Governor Talmadge in the Chief Executive's office at the State Capitol.

'RELIGIOUS ADVISORY GROUP

APPOINTED BY VANDIVER

Ernest Vandiver, State Director of Civil Defense, has announced the appointment of a Religious Advisory Committee to perform "a most vital function" in the event of atomic destruction or other disaster in the State.
~!embers of the committee are: Bishop Arthur J. Moore, Atlanta; Dr. Louie D. Newton, Atlanta; Msgr. Joseph G. Cassidy, Atlan.ta; Rabbi Isaac E. Marcuson, Macon; Rev. Hugh S. Bradley, Decatur; and Rev. L. A. Harrell, 1\olacon.
"The Civil , Defense Religious Advisory Committee," Mr. Vandiver noted, "is one of the most important groups in Civil De.fense. In the

event of atomic attack, this committee will serve in the capaci t y of giving the home front spiritual strength and to prevent panic among the people in the areas affected."
"I am gratified that these great religious leaders have agreed to undertake the tremendous tasks that may face our people in the not too distant future," he added.
"It is our solemn duty as Georgians," the CD head stated, "to prepare our defenses to cope with the worst and at the same time offer
a sincere prayer that we may not experience the tragedy tha t has been visited upon some areas of the world."

3

THEGEOR~IAALERT--------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the DEPARTMI!:NT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
Atlanta, Georgia HOYLE R. YANDLE Editor and Public Affairs Officer ERNEST VANDIVER
Director FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director CHARLES T. WHITE Assistant Deputy Director WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director M.L.LEGGETT Centra/ Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southern Area Director
'DON'T BE SURPRISED ... '
"Don't be surprised," says Millard F. Caldwell, Federal Civil Defense Administrator, "if you hear a siren blowing and learn that your community is being alerted for an imaginary atom bomb raid."
These i!llaginary raids are designed to acquaint the people of the respective areas as to what they will be required to do if, and when, the REAL atom bomb hits them or cities near them.
"However," the FCDA Administrator emphasizes, "don't act as if the alert signal you hear is just an imaginary air raid. Act as you have been trained to act. Civil Defense preptues you for that split-second decision of knowing how to act-what to do."
There will be imaginary raids in Georgia. Just where and when we do not know. But the important thing right now is to be ready for the imaginary raid so that when the REAL thing comes along, we will be so well trained that we will be able to minimize the loss of property and save the lives of thousands of Georgia people.
The FCDA head points out that
"Within one-half mile of the center of an A-Bomb explosion almost everyone without proper protection will be killed. Within the next halfmile fifty percent of the population

Films Available
To Schools,
PTA Groups
The State Uepartment of Education has announced that a number of films on Civil Defense are available and may be secured from the departments film libraries.
Schools planning programs on Civil Defense would create additional interest by obtaining one of these sound films. The same procedure may be followed by the various PTA groups over the State with these sound movies providing a good background for a session at which the local Civil Defense Director is to appear.
Health Service Plans Annex
The Health Service annex to the State Plan for Civil Defense will be completed soon, according to announcement by State CD Director Vandiver.
A meeting of State Health officers was held December 12 at which time the completed annex was reviewed. Heads of other services of the State Civil Defense were present.
A detailed report of this session will appear in next month's issue of the Georgia Alert.
will not survive. From one to oneand-a-half miles away eighty-five percent will live. Beyond two miles from the center of the explosion you will survive-but there will be work for you to do. Civil Defense prepares you for that, too."
Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Director of Civil Defense, has consistently warned Georgians that every area of this State is within range of enemy bombers, and he has emphasized the importance of perfecting our CD organizations throughout the State to protect our people if, and when, the atom bomb is exploded or other disaster occurs.

GOC INSIGNIA--The U. S. Air Force furnishes above Ground Observer Corps pin to those who volunt-r their ser vices in the State program to establish observer posts every eight miles. The program is being expedited to insure maximum protection against possible atomic explosion or other disaster.
PTA's Adopt
CD Program
Mrs. Fred Knight, Cartersville, chairman of the Civil Defense Committee of the Georgia Congress of Parents and Teachers, has released the following information outlining plans of local PTA's with regard to working with CD organizations throughout the State:
"The Civil Defense Plan, based on the National PTA plan and approved by National and State Civil Defense authorities, calls on all Parent-Teacher units over the state to set up special committees on Civil Defense--whether you think you are in a critical area or not, you could be on the fringe of such an area, all of Georgia could be definitely affected."
PTA's should consult with school authorities as to the school plan,"
she added, "and seek information as to how to function from the local Civil Defense Director; consult the Red Cross and local Health Department as to the programs of service for your unit; emphasize the importance of fire protection and home safety; keep informed on the National and State PTA plans which will be carried through special bulletins and announcements."
This data was formulated at a special meeting of State PTA leaders held in Atlanta in November.

DECEMBER, 1951

Russians Have Long Distance

Bomb Carrier

"Russians have a bomber able to carry the atomic bomb a long distance and deliver it in a surprise attack."
Th us spoke Under Secretary of Air F orce John A. McCone in a major address delivered at Stanford University recently when he pointed out that "the Russians had been working energetically in the atomic field. "
" Obviously," the Air Force leader asserted, "we cannot determine the number of bombs that they have today, but it is reasonable to assume that the process of manufacture is going on day after day and therefore with the passage of time the Soviet will possess an atomic capacity that will present a grave threat to the security of this country."
Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Director of Civil Defense, in commenting on this grave statement by Secretary McCone, pointed out that "in Georgia, we have constantly admonished our people that we must prepare to prote ct ourselves against an atomic atta ck because if we engage in a third world war we may be sure that Americ a, and probably Georgia, will be hit and hurt."
"We are making progress," he conti nued, "but we must facilitate our program of preparedness by activating Civil Defense in every area of the State to insure maximum prote ction against atomic destruction or other disaster."
NEED A SLOGAN?
Here's a slogan borrowed from the Office of Civil Defense, State of Maryland, that might be used by one or more of the Civil Defense organizations in Georgia:
"We Need Your Help Now, We Hope You Never Need Ours."
DE CEMBER, 1951

FCDA HOLDS ATLANTA MEET--The first Southeastern FCDA Regional meeting held in Atlanta December 6 brought representatives from Washington, North and South Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida. Shown above at the opening session at the Henry Grady Hotel are, left to right: Wiley L. Moore, FCOA Regional Director; H. E. Brown, Deputy Director; Ernest Vandiver, Georgia CD Director, and Hugh Gallagher, Washington, Director Field Administration, FCDA.

CIVIL DEFENSE IS VITAL TO ALL AREAS-., VANDIVER

Many people in Georgia feel that Civil Defense is primarily for those citizens who live in cities and small towns, and the need for such an organization 10 rural areas 1s infinitesimal.
"This is a mistaken idea," Ernest Vandiver, Georgia CD Director, said in pointing out that "no matter where you live-in rural areas, urban centers or the great metropolitan centers--your part in Civil Defense is of great import."
He added that each farmer in the State is on the enemy's high priority list for some kind of biological warfare attack, "which will seriously affect your livestock and crops, and unless you are on the lookout for a possible sneak attack on what you yroduce, it might be too late to do anything about it:'
The CD executive cautioned Georgia farmers to keep close check on the condition of whatever growing crops they may have in all seasons of the year, and to check the physical condition of all livestock at frequent intervals to insure that no biological or chemical weapons have been used to destroy the source of food for the millions of people in the State.
"Much could be said about the
duties of our people," Mr. Vandiver

COST OF SHELTER IS DEDUCTIBLE FROM INCOME TAX
The U. S. Bureau of Internal Revenue has ruled that costs of air raid shelter construction are a deductible business expense for income tax purposes.
But a total deduction only holds true if the shelter cannot be used for anything else.
The agency has ruled that "where it is certain that the bomb shelter will become totally useless after the period of national emergency, it is the opinion of the Tax Bureau that the costs of construction are deductible."
"But," the opinion continues, "where the shelter may afterward be of benefit in whole or in part to the taxpayer, the part should be capitalized and be subject to depreciation over its estimated useful life, and the balance m,ay be deducted as business expense."
said, "but suffice it to say that to insure maximum protection we should understand there is a job for every citizen, in remote rural sections as well as those in urban and metropolitan centers."

5

J

CENTRAL AREA DIRECTOR--M. L. (Monk) Leggett, Macon, a former member of the Macon City Council and a prominent businessman of the Central City, is a field representative of the Civil Defense Division of the Department of Defense in the Centra I area of the
State.

SOUTHERN AREA DIRECTOR--Harry U. Jackson, Cuthbert, active for a number of years in Char.~ber of Commerce work and a former member of the staff of the State Department of Commerce, represents the Civil Defense Division of the Department of Defense in the Southern area of the State.

NURSES TAJ(E TRAINING

Only 1,500 of the approximately 8,900 registered nurses in Georgia have taken advantage of a special course in Nursing Aspects of Atomic Warfare offered during the past year, officials of the Civil Defense Health Services reveal.
Dr. T. F. Sellers, Director of the Georgia Department of Pub! ic Health and the Civil Defense Health Services, declared a larger percentage of the hi ghly trained nurses would be needed in case of an atomic attack. He recommended that action be taken at the local Ieve I to organize classes for this training, and that all registered nurses be urged to enroll.
According to Or. Sellers, 500 of the 1,500 who have studied the
ursing Aspects of Atomic Warfare are qualified as instructors. He said there are now qualified inst;uctors in each of the 12 nursing districts of Georgia, and added that the specialized consultant nurses of the State Health Department are available to serve as instructors in any part of the state. He also pointed out tha t this special course has been incorporated in the nursing curriculum of each hospital school of nursing in Georgia.

The Nursing Aspects of Atomic Warfare is a 12 hour course and is divided into six lessons. The basic content of the course, or the six lessons are listed under the headings (l) Introduction, (2) Survival Under Attack, (3) Definitions, Radiation and Decontamination, (4) Problems in Atomic Warfare, (5) Trauma, Burns and Radiation, and (6) Nursing Goals and Mass Care Problems. "Simply," it was explained, "the course covers self protection for the nurse, and care of casualties resulting from atomic warfare."
For the full value of this training program to be utilized, all nurses who have completed this course should make themselves known to the Civil Defense leaders in their communi\y, officials explain. Those who are qualified as instructors should also make this fact known, they added.
Further information concerning the organization of classes and the availability of instructors may be obtained by wntmg Miss Dana Hudson, Chief of Nursing Section, Civil Defense Health Services, Georgia Oaptist Hospital, Atlanta.

6

NORTHERN AREA DIRECTOR--Jerry Cauble, Atlanta, formerly connected with the University of Georgia in the Divis ion of General Extension, and more tecently district manager of Encyclopaedia Britannica Films, directs Civil Defense activities for the Department of Defense in the Northern area of the State.
State Directors Discuss Civil Defense Matters
A meeting of State Directors of Civil Defense of the Southeastern Hegion was held in Atlanta December 5 for the purpose of discussing problems relating to the CO organization. States represented at the meeting included Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, South Carolina and Florida.
On December 6, the same group held a meeting with Col. John B. Logan, of the Central Air Defense Force, Kansas City, Mo., to make plans for expediting the Group Observer Corps in the states comprising the Region.
A full report of these meetings will appear il). the January issue of the Georgia Alert.
REI\-1EMBER THIS-We must breathe life into Civil Defense by increasing public enlistment and training. Without general participation Civil Defense will die. When Civil Defense expires, so expires our only hope of protection against an atomic bomb.
DECEMBER, 1951

--------------------------------------------------------------------------THE GEORGIA ALERT

Civil Defense

To Distribute Pamphlets

Gc L
. CIVILDEFENS IVISION

State Civil Defense officials have announced that one-half million copies of an eight-page pamphlet are available to school children of the State.
De livery of this quantity was made to CD hea dquarters the latter part of November and several thousa nd copies have already been dis tr ibuted .
T he se pamphlets will emphas ize the best defense methods for c hi ldren who, in turn, will get the message over to adult members of the fam il y.
" It is highly important that we bec ome more Civil Defense consc ious," F:rnest Vandiver, State IJ irec tor, said recent! y, "particularly si nce many thousands of Georgia boys a nd g irls will be assembled in sc hoo ls and colleges for the next se ve ral months, making an attractive targe t for the enemy whose designs are to destroy the lives of our peo p le a nd disrupt our American way of life."
" \\ e must be on the alert at all time s ," he commented, "and I know 0 f no better group to work with than our boys a nd girls in implementing Ci vi I De fe nse organization."
The CD exe cutive noted that the rl is trib ution of the se books to boys and g irls in sc hools and colleges is one of the many methods being emp loye r! t o emp hasize the importan ce of " e very person doing his or her part towa rd the activation of a milita nt Civ il Defense organization for the protection of our people and their prope rt y in case of a tomic attac k or other disaster in any area of the State ."
" The Departme nt of Defense has co ns is te ntl y fe lt that the Civil Defe nse was a partner and a cot>q ua l partn e r in na tional defense."-llobe rt ;\ . Lovett, Secretary of Defe nse.
DE CEM l'lER, 1951

HELP SAVE VOURLII=E

CD EXHIBIT AT MACON--The above exhibit at the Central Georgia Exposition at Macon attracted thousands of people during the week's fair. The exhibit was supplied by the Central Air Defense Force while staff members of the State CD office prepared the booth. Shown in the photo, left to right, ore: Hal Bell, Macon Civil Defense Director; M. L. Leggett, Macon CD Area Director, and on Air Force officer explaining details of the exhibit. In the background, between Bell and Leggett, is a photograph of Ernest Vandiver, Ge org io Director of Civil Defense.--Photo by Drimon, In c., Macon.
Big City Becomes Ghost Town

During Practice Air Raid

New York, the world's largest city, became an atomic ghost town for 10 minutes November 28 when the 350-square-mile metropolis fell ominously silent as its millions took shelter in the first city-wide atom bomb air raid drill-a surprise drill because its exact time had not been announced.
Five hundred and seventy-nine sirens wailed the "Hed Alert" and it was magnified over an estimated 1,000,000 radio and television sets which were turned on at the time.
An estimated 8,500,000 residents, visitors and commuters took shelter as the great city became a big deserted village.

The chorus of honking horns suspended and an estimated 750,000 private automobiles and taxis pulled to the curbs as 300,000 whitehelmeted Civil Defense workers escorted citizens to shelters.
Tickers at the New York Stock Exchange were turned off as the tumultous trading was halted for 30 minutes, delaying an estimated $7,000,000 to $10,000,000 m trading.
Courts were adjourned. Airliners were grounded. Train schedules were disrupted. Schools and colleges were emptied of about 2,500,000 students.

7

THE GEORGIA ALERT------------------------~-----------------------------------------------

Department

CD Plans

Heads Named
Department heads of the Civil Defense Division of the Department of Defense have been appointed by State Director Ernest Vandiver and are as follows:
Health services, Dr. T. F. Sellers, director; Dr. L. M. Petrie; Deputy director; Dr. Cliff Rutland,
public health services branch; Dr.
W. J. Murphy, special weapons defense branch; Dr. C. D. Bowdoin. health supplies, and Dr. Edgar M. Dunstan, Medical services branch.
Lt. Col. Tom Daniel, .Jr., aviation services; George Wilson, law enforcement officer and air raid . warning service; Lt. C. L. Mattson, communications chief; Allan Kemper, welfare services, with PhilCawthon, as assistant; M. L. McWhorter and Walter McDonald, public service commissioners, transportation and utilities; Jim L. Gillis, engineering and rescue work, with Col. Thomas D. House as assistant.
Dr. ~1. D. Collins, training and
education services; Tom Linder, veterinary and agriculture services; F. E. Hobinson, fire services department, with Fred Reinero as assistant; Ben T. Huiet, personnel recruiting, with Marion Williamson as assistant.
"For the first time in our history, this country faces the threat of a sudden devastating attack at any time. Every city, factory, office and home must be organized for Civil Defense." - President Truman.

MAJOR E. F. SHAHEEN State CD Coordinator
RADIATION COURSE AT TECH
Beginning January 2, the Evening School of Georgia Tech will have a three months course on "Radiation" available for anyone interested in the detection of gamma rays. The course will lay particular emphasis on the monitoring of radiation from the Civil Defense viewpoint. It also will bring out the information that people will need when atomic energy is used as a commercial source of energy to generate electricity or drive steam engines. .
The Civil Defense Division of the Department of Defense of Georgia is co-operating with Georgia Tech in starting this class and any of our facilities will be available to them during the course.

the Ground Observer Corps. "Operating on a line-of-sight principle, radar cannot penetrate mountains and hills, or follow the curvature of the earth."
"Radar, a mechanical piece of equipment, is subject to maintenance difficulties and cannot be operated 24 hours a day. for an indefinite period of time without periods of shutdown for repairs," the liasion officer observed.
Major Shaheen added that "the situation today and for the forseeable future is such that a potential enemy must be considered as capable of entering the U. S. Air Defense areas at certain relatively low altitudes without detection by our present radar. The Ground Observer Corps System, with Filter Centers, fills the gaps in our present radar coverage and is considered a standby for emergency in case maintenance problems cause some of our present equipment to be temporarily inoperative.''
"The civilian observers who man the Ground Observer Posts and the Filter Centers," he continued, "will be organized by local Civil Defense Directors of each community. Volunteers are members of the State Civil Defense Organization but man their posts under the operational control of the United States Air force."
Major Shaheen will work with the Civil Defense Area Directors and local CD Directors in the various sections of the State, Mr. Vandiver said.

Department of Defense Civil Defense Division 959 E. Confederate Ave. S.E. Atlanta, Ga.

Sec. 34.66, P.L.&R. U.S. POSTAGE PAID
At Ianta, Ga. Permit No. 219

8

DECEMBER, 1951

THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division,

Vol. 2, No. 1
ERNEST VANDIVER
The Director
SAYS
Every Georgian has an emergency
m iSS IOn,
If we are to have an effective Civil Defense~ functioning with a maximum of efficiency, it is imperative that we complete at the earliest possible date an adequate Ground Obs erver Corps.
At a recent meeting in Atlanta it was made crystal clear by high ranking officers of the United States Air Force that the Ground Observer Corps is a 'must' in order that a constant check may be made of all aircraft traversing the sky over Ge orgia. It is entirely possible that ene my aircraft max fly over Georgia enroute to some target selected for atomic destruction; and without a tra ined ground observer force to re port the movement of the planes, the disaster effected could mean
See V AND IVE R, Page 2

Atlanta, Ga.
Civil Defense

January, 1952

Five-Point Program For State

Georgia's Civil Defense leaders on December 12 approved a fivepoint plan to bring Civil Defense to the citizen level.
Brig. Gen. Frank A. Kopf, Deputy Director of Civil Thfense; Charlie T. White, Assistant Deputy Director; H. R. Yandle, Public Affairs Officer; and the three Area Directors, Harry U. Jackson, Cuthbert;
M. L. Leggett, Macon, and Jerry
Cauble, Atlant&, attended the conference which was called by top officials of the State Health De-
"Radiation" Course Opens
At Georgia Tech
A three-months course on "radiation" opened at Georgia Tech January 2 with reports indicating much interest manifested by those rlesiring to further increase their knowledge of this very important subject.
Several Civil Defense Directors and others connected with local CD organizations are availing themselves of this course, indicative of the emphasis be ing placed on preparation for being able to detect gamma rays.
The Civil Defense Division of the Department of Defense is giving full support to this course offered at Georgia Tech, with the assurance that CD facilities are available to the school and to individuals making up the class.

partment. Dr. T. F. Sellers, Director of the
State Health Department, and Dr. L. M. Petrie, Deputy Director, pre-
sided at the December 12 meeting. Information, in the form of a
chart, has been distributed to local Civil Defense leaders throughout the State so the average cthzen will know what he is to do in case of attack.
The chart is printed elsewhere in this issue of The Georgia Alert.
"Public apathy exists today in Civil Defense, but I think this is due to fear, and the lack of concrete information," Dr. Petrie, Deputy Health Services Director, declared in urging the CD program be put into action on the community level.
The five-point plan calls for : l. At least one Red Cross firstaid worker in each home, and extra cots and supplies. 2. In each block, or similar area in the country, at least one person trained in nurse's aid work and for that area a fully-equipped first aid station. 3. Each school building organized as an emergency hospital to be manned by the Parent-Teacher Association. 4. Churches prepared to handle emergency welfare work. Civic centers, including American Legion posts and country clubs, or other community centers, to be read y for use as non-casualty evacuation centers.
See FIVE POINT, Page 4

THE GEORGIA ALERT--------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Conlerlerate Ave., S.E.
Atlanta, Georgia HOYLE R. YANDLE Editor ancl Public Allairs Ollicer ERNEST VANDIVER
Director FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director CHARLES T. WHITE Assistant Deputy Director WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Ollicer JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director M.L.LEGGETT Centra/ Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southern Area Director
GOC A 'MUST' Georgia's program calling for the establishment of a minimum of 700 Observation Posts is fundamental to a successful Civil Defense organization. Without a smoothly operating Ground Observer Corps it is impossible to have Civil Defense capable of protecting the lives of Georgia people in the event this State becomes a target of enemy bombers. If, and when, atomic bombs are dropped on Georgia cities these death-dealing missiles will fall from planes traveling over Georgia sky, and the primary function of the Ground Observer Corps is to report all aircraft passing over any portion of the State. These reports are telephoned to Filter Centers in Atlanta and Savannah and on to the U. S. Air Defense Force which immediately assigns interceptor planes to destroy or deflect the course of atomic carriers. Thus it is obvious that GOC is a 'necessity' for Georgia
It is a tremendous undertaking to establish ground observation posts every eight miles over this State, but it is unanimously agreed that the people and property these posts are designed to protect far exceed, in value, the time and effort required to complete the GOC program.
The Georgia CD Director has expressed implicit confidence in the

Religious Group
Holds Meeting
The Religious Advisory Committee of the State Civil Defense has scheduled its initial meeting for early this month at which time a permanent chairman will be selected and other matters pertaining to the group's fuoc tions will be outlined, according to Bishop Arthur J. Moore, who was designated temporary chairman.
Other members of the committee are: Dr. Louie D. Newton, Atlanta; Msgr. Joseph G. Cassidy, Atlanta; Rabbi Isaac E. Marcuson, Macon; Rev. Hugh S. Bradley, Decatur, and Rev. L.A. Harrell, Macon.
"The leaders of organized religion in the United States are well aware of the tensions and uncertainties of the times," Ernest Vandiver, State CD Director, pointed out in announcing the personnel of this committee in Novermber. "The threat to our national security is very real. Planning against possible disaster does not mean that war is inevitable, but not to plan against it would be negligent folly."
Worship, preaching, religious rites, and the activities of religious groups are especially helpful in preventing panic, the Director said. He added that "in time of atomic or other attack upon the State or Nation, the demand upon the religious resources of the country would be unprecedented."
A supply of the administrative guide, "The Clergy in Civil Defense," has been received in the State CD office and a copy furnished each member of the Religious Advisory Committee. Several copies have also been mailed to local Civil Defense Directors.
An account of the first meeting of the Religious Advisory Committee will appear in the February issue of The Alert.
fact that patriotic Georgians will rally all their resources to this highly important function of the Civil Defense Division of the Department of Defense.

Vandiver
(continued from page one)
the loss of thousands of lives that otherwise would be saved.
The Ground Observer Corps program in Georgia calls for the establishment of observation posts every eight miles, and I cannot emphasize too much the achievement of this objective within a minimum of time. This is too important to overlook.
The U. S. Air Force has assigned Major E. F. Shaheen to the State Civil Defense office as liaison officer between Headquarters Central Air Defense Force, Kansas City, Mo., and the CD Division of the State of Georgia. He is devoting full time to this vital function of our national program of defending the home front; and to perfect an organization designed to protect the lives of our people we must magnify this division of the Civil Defense program until our State has a complete network of observation posts as requested by the U. S. Air Force.
I feel confident patriotic Georgians will respond to this vitally important function of Civil Defense. I firmly believe we will reach the maximum requirements in establishing observation posts to protect our people and to maintain the excellent reputation Georgians always have achieved by doing those things that are so necessary for the preservation of our spiritual heritage and material progress. Civil Defense has no other mission.
Civil Defense is vitally important to those citizens eager to contribute to the safety of their fellowman by thoroughly preparing themselves to know what course to follow in the event of atomic destruction or other disaster.
Civil Defense is set up by Federal and State law. But no law will work unless you back it up with action. That's why, in the final analysis, the responsibility for Civil Defense is YOURS.

2

JANUARY, 1952

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SELF-HELP and DEIIiHBORHELP -< Recom!T'ended uniform State-wide plan for Target and !'\on-target (evacuation and support) Areas.

'()

{Civil Defense Health and Related Services)

111

to.)

prepci"red by the Georgia Department of Public Health

T. F. Sellers, M.D., Director

Atlanta, Georgi a

civic center
(American Legion Hall,
Country Club, etc.) intermediate no,.casuolty evac;uation station with first aid

..... City Control Center

State Control Center

Professional CW'Id Technical

"t.o.AL#-Assistance and Evacuation

~ ,._

(Mutual Aid and Mobile

Support)

~
~i.:.J-

S.C.

State C. D. V. M. S. C.

*C. D. V.M.S.C.Civil Defense Volunteer Medical Services Corps

Homes - - 1

-At least one trained Red Cro ss First Aid worker in every Home. Assemble C. D.



household first aid kit---extra cots & supplies .

Bl k ---At least one person trained in Red Cross home nursing and one in Red Cross nurse's 2 OC aid course---one block first aid station under Block Warden.

(EINRuAsr~.I ~' !

3.School District PTA ---Complete community C. D. organization under direction of P. T.A. and School Staff. Repeated drills.

4.Coordination

---With emergency welfare centers (churches) intermediate welfare non-casualty evacuation centers (civic centers); other C. D. Services .

S.Learn ---Learn essential facts about survival under atomic and other bomb attacks; chemical and germ warfare; and other major disasters.

I \avo1d

panc

ti1 IateY...

....
:z::
"'C)

EVEN IF YOU ARE NOT IN A TARGET AREA, YOUR COMMUNITY WILL RECEIVE REFUGEES AND WILL SEND PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE. THIS PLAN WILL WORK IN EITHER NON-TARGET OR TARGET AREAS!

0"'
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THE GEORGIA ALERT __________________________________________________________________________

WHY CIVIL DEFENSE . . .

By FRANK KOPF Deputy Civil Defense Director

Luckily an attack never came. The Federal Government was criticized roundly for making such

During World War II it was called a situation possible, and having

CIVILIAN defense. Civilian de- learned its lesson, this time the

fense directors were appointed, Federal Civil Defense Adminis-

sometimes without regard to ' the .tration changed the name to "civil"

wishes of the regularly constituted defense, and encouraged the setting

civil authority of the cities. One such instance is probably respon-

up of the organization through the regularly elected civil government.

sible for the use of the word
1."acni"vil" this time instead of "civil-
A city of about 60,000 had an

Now the police go right on being police, even if a bomb does drop. If the director of police services in Civil Defense is not the regular

eager beaver for a civilian defense chief of police he is usually some-

director, and he happened to be a one higher up in the city govern-

supporter of the political party that. ment, or at least he is all set to

was "out" at that time in the city work with the regular chief. The

government. He proceeded to build peacetime fire department will be

up an empire within the city under right in there fighting fires even if

the name of civilian defense. He a bomb drops. The extra pumps and

had his own fire department, and his auxiliary firemen of Civil Defense

own police, and they were furnished will be just that much additional

uniforms, arms and ammunition by help when they are needed. The

the Federal Government. His Civil Defense director holds his

wardens duplicated the work of the position under the Mayor who

police on the residential beats. nominated him and if he does not

His staff of "Chiefs" or services work in harmony with the Mayor, the

had plans to seize the city govern- Mayor can suggest a new director to

ment if an air attack came and do the Governor, and the Governor

away with the elected Mayor and would probably appoint him.

other officers. They were all set to

Why should the Governor do the

rue the city when the time came.

appointing instead of the Mayor?

The Mayor and his cohorts heard Because in case of emergency the

t\bout this, and they had set up a Governor is going to delegate some

little plan of their own. At the first of his powers to the local director

warning of an air raid by the enemy of Civil Defense, and the director

the police department had instruc- would then be acting in the name of

tions to arrest the whole top echelon the Governor, not that of the Mayor.

of civilian defense, including the Many of the losses occasioned by a

director, and put them under the bombing will be borne by the State

jail.

instead o( the city.

Interest In C D Is Increasing
Caldwell Notes Federal Civil Defense Administrator Millard Caldwell stated in Washington recently that he would ask Congress early in 1952 for more funds for a program that is "beginning to roll, but not nearly fast enough."
"If I knew we had five years to prepare for atomic raids on our cities, I would be optimistic about the progress which Civil Defense has made in the past few months," he said in an interview.
"Public apathy toward Civil Defense has been largely overcome,' he said. "The idea is sinking in that not one or two, but possibly 20 or 30 of our cities, could be blasted by atomic bombs simultaneously. We are off dead center and are beginning to roll, but not nearly fast enough."
Five Point (continued from page one) 5. All citizens to become familiar
with the essential facts about atomic bombs, the book "Survival Under Atomic Attack," and many other Civil Defense booklets including those on chemical and germ warfare.
Those citizens rece1vmg this issue of The Georgia Alert are urged to clip the five-point plan and place it where it will be easily accessible to each member of the family.

Department of Defense Civil Defense Division 959 E. Confederate Ave. S.E. Atlanta, Ga.

Sec. 34.66, P.L.&R. U.S. POSTAGE PAID Atlanta, Ga. Permit No. 219

4

JANUARY, 1952

THE GEORGIA

Deportment of Defense, Civil Defense Division, E n

Vol. 2, No. 2
ERNEST VANDIVER
T he Director
S A Y S. . .
I am tremendously interested in the forthcoming visit to Georgia of the "Alert America" caravan, s cheduled to be in Savannah, F ebruary 14-16, inclusive, and in Atlanta, February 24-28, inclusive.
It was my privilege to view this program in Washington in January. I cann ot begin to describe the impression it gives one to see what can happen to any of our major cities if we are unprepared when an atomic bomb is exploded. The magnitude of the program is comparable to the important part Civil Defense should .play in our planning in every area of the State and Nation.
T he "Alert America" program is base d on many significant facts, among them being:
l. The Soviet Union is dedicated to the destruction of everything we cherish-our freedom, our ideals,
.See VANDIVER, Page 2

Atlanta, Go.

February, 1952

ALERT AMERIC

IT

ATLAITA, SAVAIIAH THIS MONTH

The "Alert America" convoy-a huge motorized cavalcade carrying a dramatic message on America and Civil Defense in the atomic age-is coming to Georgia this month.
This dramatic exhibit will be in :Savannah, February 14-16, inclusive, and in Atlanta, February 24-28, inclusive. Elaborate plans for the showing of this unusual exhibit are being directed in Savannah by Charles J. Musante, local Civil Defense Director, and in Atlanta by Geo. M. "Pup" Phillips, CD Director for Metropolitan. Atlanta.
The theme of the convoy program will be that Civil Defense is Common Sense and the exhibit will attempt to demonstrate how the individual citizen is now an equal partner with the person in uniform in the defense of the Nation.
The "Alert America" convoy will go to Savannah after a showing in Greenville, S. C., and from Savannah the next city to view the spectacle will be Jacksonville, Fla.
Atlanta will receive the convoy February 22, with the grand opening in the City Auditorium February 24. A giant parade is planned, with a proclamation issued by Mayor Wm. B. Hartsfield declaring the week of February 24 "Alert America Week."
The exhibit is dramatic in its impact, using motion and three-dimensional effects throughout. The contents will include interesting material contributed by the Federal Civil Defense Administration, Atomic Energy Committee, the Defense Department, Georgia Civil Defense Division, and many other government agencies and private industry.
Tlie convoy, one of three which is touriniZ maior urban areas throughout the
See ALERT AMERICA, Page 2

Puritan Firm To Furnish Signs

The Puritan Chemical Company of Atlanta has agreed to furnish the necessary s.;elter signs to Georgia communities that are conducting shelter surveys and designating shelter areas in their existing buildings.
A. L. Feldman, president of the Puritan Chemical Company, presented the first signs to Geo. M. "Pup" Phillips, .o\tlanta Civil De-

fense Director, and William F. Kerns, State Civil Defense Engineer, at a ceremony recently when the signs were installed in designated areas in the Peachtree and 7th Street Building in Atlanta.
Information on the availability of signs UBY be secured at the State Civil Defense Engineering Office, 959 E. Confederate Avenue, S. E., Atlanta

THE GEORGIA A L E R T - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

VANDIVER
(continued from page one)
our moral standards, our religious beliefs.
2. The Soviet Union has a stockpile of atomic bombs.
3. The Soviet Union has a supply of long-range bombers that can reach any part of the United States.
4. General Vandenberg admits hat, in the event of an air attack on this country, 70 out of every 100 bombers could get through our defense barricades.
5. The Hiroshima bomb in one second killed or severely injured 140,000 people.
6. An adequate system of Civil Defense can cut fatalities in half.
7. Secretary of Defense Lovett rna intains that Civil Defense is a co-equal partner with the military in the defense of the Nation, and must become a strong co-equal partner if America is to survive.
The primary objective of the "Alert America" caravan is to emphasize the fact that we need in Georgia and other States of the Nation a strong Civil Defense to help protect our freedoms and build an enduring peace.
Civil Defense is Common Sense, and it 1s incumbent on every American to exercise his best judgment, based on the knowledge gained through authoritative sources, to protect himself against the destructive powers of atomic weapons whi ch are sure to hit American cities in the event of war. This he can do through Civil Defense.
"Alert America" will attempt to demonstrate how the individual citizen is an equal partner with the person in uniform in the defense of the Nation. It is vitally important that every citizen of Georgia, who possibly can, view this great spectacle, which has been developed by the Valley Forge Foundation, a non-profit, non-political private organization of c itizens who are working in behalf of Civil Defense as a part of the total defense of the American

way of life.
The "Alert America" program has no other mission than to a ttain these four results :
1. To emphasize the fac t tha t
Civil Defense is the constant guardian of the free America n way of life based as it is on a fundamental belief in God, on cons titutional government designed to serve the people, and our indivisible bundle of political and economic rights.
2. To help awaken all Americans to the urgent need for strong Civil Defense and to encourage each to enlist for such specialized training as may be possible.
3. To help inspire in all Civil Defense organizations the highest possible morale.

4. T o get every family, fa c tory, farm, business and instituti on in America to set itself up as a c itade l of Civil Defense, working in full cooperation with local Civil Defense authorities.
We in Georgia have a tremend ous responsibility to alert our people, a nd it will take the combined efforts of all to achievE! the results they are so richl y entitled to under a democratic form of government. It is a challenge no Georgian with a conscience can ignore.
I want to urge every Ge orgian with all the emphasis at my command to take advantage of this great opportunity to learn first ha nd what the individual MUST do to get maximum protection against a ny disaster.

ALERT AMERICA
(continued from page one)
country, bas been developed by the Valley Forge Foundation, a non-profit, n~n:political private organization of citiz e ns who are working in beha lf of C1V1l Defense as a part of the total defense of the American way of life . This project is sponsored by the Foundation in cooperation with the F ede ral Civil Defense Administration, Georgia Divis ion of Civil Defense, and th e Atlanta and Savannah CU groups.
Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Director of Civil Defense, who viewed t he project in Washington recently, stated, "I cannot begin to descri be th e impression it gives one to s e e what can happen to any of our major cit ies if we are unprepared when an atomic bomb is exploded. The magnitude of th e program is comparable to the important part Civil Defense should pla y in our planning in every area of the Sta te a nd Nation."
The four-point program of the Va lle y Forge Foundation, as described by Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Dire ct or of Civil De fense, is:
1. To emphasize the fact tha t Civil Defe nse is the constant Guard ia n of
the American way of life based on a funda mental belief in God, on cons titutional goverr..ment designed to serve the people, and our indivisible bundle of political and economic rights.
2. To help awaken all Americans to the urgent need for strong Civil Defense and to encourage each individual to enlist for such specialized training as may be possible.
3. To help inspire in all Civil Defense organizations the highest poss ible morale.
4. To get every family, factory, farm, bus iness and institution in America to set itself up as a citadel of Civil Defense, working in full cooperation with local Civil Defense authorities.
The immediate goal in the cities of Georgia where "Alert America" will be shown will be to enlist the widest possibl e participation in Civil Defe nse work. Several hundred volunteer workers have been secured in both Sava nnah and Atlanta for the convoy, with committees organized representing wome n, business, labor, schools, patriotic, fraternal, and civic organiza ti ons, veterans, churches, etc.
Mr. Vandiver has predicted that a new peacetime record for support of a patriotic movement will be established by the convoy visit to Georgia.

2

FEBRUARY, 1952

INDUSTRY URGED TAKE ADVANTAGE OFSTAFF COLLEGE
With more than 1,000 graduates, the Civil Defense Staff College at .Qlney, Md., reports that out of this num ber only 25 have come from business and industry, it has just bee n announced by the Georgia Civil Defense.
T here were more than 600 Civil Defense Administrators (State and local) and 166 Federal Civil Defense Administration employees.
State CD officials have insisted that industry should be taking better advantage of this facility for training people in Civil Defense principles, with the announcement that the only requirement for enrolling at the Staff College is to request the State Director of Civil Defense to nominate the individual or individuals recommended.
Prime requisite for those enrolling is interest and a willingness to work for Civil Defense, either in the community <r in the indus trial plant.
The cost, including board and room for a week, is only .$30.00, the announcement said.
Amateur Radio Operators Under
New Ruling
The Federal Communications Commission in Washington has issued rules and regulations governing the use of amateur radio operators during a Civil Defense emergency. The plan is known as RACES. (Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service).
If the amateur operators desire to operate as a part of Civil Defense they should secure an additional authority to become a part of the new CD service, and when the emergency is declared by the President of the United States all amateurs go off the air except those operating in Civil Defense. It is contemplated that the regular amateur bands will be used.
F EBRUARY, 1952

VANDIVER EXPLAINS CD PROGRAM-Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Director of Civil Defense, is shown discussing with three members of the General Assembly the statewide program designed to protect Georgia citizens against atomic destruction or other disaster. Director Vandiver is explaining an item which appeared in the January Issue of the Georgia Alert to, left to right: Senator Dorsey Dean, Alma; Rep. Steve Hall, Lyons, and Rep. Robert L. Russell, Jr., Winder.

Athens Director Enlarging CD

Col. F. W. Whitney, newly appointed Civil Defense Director for Athens, has just completed his staff of department heads with the result that the University City has an organization functioning in a manner that will provide maximum prote ction to the citizens and the ir property in case of disaster of any nature.
In a recent issue of the Athens Banner-Herald, Col. Whitney stated that "Every person and every community has a part to play in the Civil Defense program. Remoteness from places considered probable targets does not exempt any community from playing its part in the over-all program, since evacuee reception and care must be planned, and a suppcrt program organized."
"The Civil Defense program for this country," the Athens CD Director pointed out,"must be in constant readiness because for the first time in 136 years an enemy has the power to attack our cities in strong force, and fer the first time in our history that attack may come suddenly, with little or no

warm.ng. "
Chief of Police Clarence 0. Roberts has been named Deputy Director by Director Whitney. The police officer will direct police services, warden service, mutual aid and mobile service. W. C. Thompson will direct fire service, plant protection, rescue division
and air raid warning; Dr. W. W.
Brown is in charge of radiological defense, chemical defense, medical and health service, ana other special weapons defense; j. G. Beacham, evacuat~on division, civil war aid-division, engineering and communications, with James Barrow in charge of legal, administrative public information, and training divisions.
The Religious Advisory Committee of the Civil Defense Division is composed of ministers who have contributed substantially to the spiritual welfare of their respective groups. Georgians should support the program adopted by this committee.

3

THE GEORGIA ALERT----------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederat Ave., S.E.
Atlanta, Georgia HOYLE R. YANDLE Editor and Public Affairs Officer ERNEST VANDIVER
Director FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director CHARLES T. WHITE Assistant Deputy Director WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director M.L.LEGGETT Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southern Area Director
Difficult To
Convince Solons
01 CD Neecls
"Civilians in the country must sustain an enemy attack shoulder to shoulder with the military," Secretary Thomas K. Finletter, Secretary of the Air Force, told State and Deputy Civil Defense Directors at a meeting held in
Washm. gI ton In January. "We must
prepare for industries to take a beating and get up and fight back. Civil Defense in this picture dovetails with the military defense."
Ernest Vandiver, Georgia CD Director, and Charles T. White, Assistant Deputy Director, attended the Washington conference.
Secretary Finletter stated that a potential enemy has enough equipment to attack any part of the United States right away and is improving it steadily. "There is no doubt that this possible enemy has the vehicles to deliver the A-bomb and we must assume that he has the A-bomb in quantity."
"It is relatively simple," the Air Force Secretary told the conference, "to get over to Congress and the people the needs of the Air Force but it is more difficult to convince them of the need for Civil Defense."

Atlanta Inaugurates Shelter

Program, CD Engineer Reports

Atlanta has inaugurated its program of surveying all existing buildings for available shelter space, it has just been announced by William F. Kerns, State Civil Defense Engineer, and Geo. M. "Pup" Phillips, CD Director for Metropolitan Atlanta.
The system that is being utilized in the Atlanta area was devised by the Lehigh University Institute of Research and was adopted by the Federal Civil Defense Administration as standard throughout the Nation.
At the present time, however, in Atlanta the survey is being conducted on a limited basis because of the limitation on the availability of technically qualified personnel to conduct the investigations.
Harry Robert, chief of Engineering Service for the Atlanta Metropolitan Area, with the assistance of CD Engineer Kerns, has recruited and trained a group of vol-

un teers from the various tee hnical arrl professional societies to make the structural investigations of the Atlanta buildings lo determine if adequate shelter area exists.
At the present time, the survey of the Peachtree and 7th Street Building is complete and 15 other large office buildings are in the process of being surveyed. When the reports are in on these buildings, it is proposed to call a critique among the engineers who did this work in the field. Directors and their engineers from other Georgia cities will be invited to attend the session as the problems that were encountered in the field will be discussed. This will be of immense value to other cities in organizing and inaugurating their own program. A definite date for the meeting cannot be announced at this time, but it is proposed to schedule the conference about the middle of February. All city CD Directors will be notified.

PEACE OFFICERS SUPPORT CD- Members of the Executive Committee of the Georgia Peace Officers Association are giving full support to Georgia Civil Defense. Members of the Committee ore, front rowp left to right: Captain R. E. Hawkins, LaGrange Police; Supt. I. H. Hilderbrand, Atlanta Police; Sheriff L. C. Bittick, Forsyth; Chief A. J. Holcombe, Atlanta Police (ret.); H. Allen Maddox, Chief Adult Probation Officer, Fulton County; Lt. Col. E. S. Burke, State Patrol; Sheriff Jewell Futch, Valdosta; Sheriff Earl Hamrick, Jeffersonville; Sheriff John Redding, Cedartown; Sgt. George M. Lawson, Columbus Police; Sheriff Barnard Butts, Sparta. Back row, left to right: Captain J. D. Ragsdale, Fulton County; Sgt. E. D. Mink, State Patrol; Captain J. P. Smith, State Patrol; Warden R. P. Balkcom, State Prison, Reidsville; Sheriff A. B. Foster, Atlanta; Ranger Creed Shelby, LaFayette; Chief C. C. James, Game & Fish, Marietta; Lieut. P. C. Peacock, State Patrol; Chief Eston Ricketson, Enforcement, Alcohol Control, Atlanta.

4

FEBRUARY, 1952

RADAR SYSTEM NERVE CENTER SETAT DOBBINS
Announcement has just been made that Dobbins Air Force Base at Marietta will be the "nerve center " for a new system of radar now be ing established to record the move ments of airplanes in the Southeastern States.
Col. M. C. Woodbury, commander of the 35th Air Division, who will be in charge of the system, said
betwe e n so,poo and 100,000 ground
observers will be needed to help chart the location of planes.
New buildings at the Air Base to house equipment and personnel will occup y some 22 acres and will cost approximately $1,000,000.
Er nest Vandiver, Georgia Director of Civil Defense, has urged expedition of the Ground Observer Corps program in Georgia in order to meet the minimum requirements for an adequate Civil Defense organization designed to protect the citizens and their property against poss ible atomic destruction.
C D Announces Training Center
T he Eastern Training School for training Civil Defense workers has bee n established at Ogontz, Montgomery County, Penn., 20 miles north of Philadelphia, the Federal Civ il Defense Administration has announced.
The Staff College at Olney, Md., is for the training of administrative personnel. Several members of the staff of the Georgia Civil Defense Divis ion have attended the Olney College.
T he courses at the Pennsylvania Training School will start every other Monday, beginning January 21, a nd will continue for a period of two weeks for each group attending.
Housing and three meals a day are provided at the Training Center at a cost to each participant of $46 for the two weeks course.
FEB RUARY, 1952

MOORE HEADS RELIGIOUS GROUP -Bishop Arthur J. Moore has been named Chairman af the Georgia Civil Defense Religious Advisory Committee, with Dr. Louie D. Newton, pastor of Atlanta's Druid Hills Baptist Church, as Secretory. Shown above at the organization meeting held in the office of Bishop Moore are, left to right: Rabbi Isaac E. Marcuson, Macon; Msgr. Joseph G. Cassidy, Atlanta; Bishop Moore; Dr. Newton; Dr. L. A. Harrell, Macon; and Ernest Vandiver, State Civil Defense Director. Not present at the meeting is the sixth member, Dr. HughS. Bradley, pastor of the Decatur Presbyterian Church, Decatur.
Bishop Moore Heads Religious

Committee, Newton Secretary

Bishop Arthur J. Moore of the Methodist Church has been elected chairman

of the Religious Advisory Committee of the Civil Defense Division, with

Dr. Louie D. Newton, president of the Georgia Baptist Conventionand pastor

of Atlanta's Druid Hills Baptist Church, as secretary.

Other members of the committee present at the organization meeting held

late last month are: Rev. L. A.

Harrell, Macon; Dr. Hugh S. Brad- Committee voted to communicate

ley, Decatur; Msgr. Joseph G. with every congregation through the

Cassidy, Atlanta; and Rabbi Isaac respective pastors and to furnish

E. Marcuson, Macon.

each group with pamphlets regard-

Ernest Vandiver, Georgia's ing ' the duties of the various

director of Civil Defense, attended churches.

the meeting and in a brief address

In addition to Mr. Vandiver,

he outlined the duties of the members of his staff representing

ministerial representatives if, and the Civil Defense Division who

w~n, an atomic attack or other attended the session included:

disaster should occur in the State.

Frank A. Kopf, deputy director;

He commended the group "for Major E. F. Shaheen, liaison officer

your willingness to serve in this with Headquarters Central Air

very important undertaking. In the Defense Force, and H. R. Yandle,

event of atomic attack, this com- public affairs officer.

mittee," the CD Director pointed

The committee will hold another

out, "will serve in the capacity of meeting soon to further define the

giving the home front spiritual duties of church members in the

strength and encouragement to State Civil Defense program.

prevent panic among the people of

the areas affected."

The committee passed a resolu-

A list for household first aid kit

tion calling on the ministers of all is included in "Emergency Action

faiths to emphasize the need for an to Save Lives." Get a copy of this

active and militant Civil Defense important Civil Defense booklet

organization in every area of the from Georgia Civil Defense, At-

State. The church leaders repre- lanta, or Superintendent of Docu-

sented on the Religious Advisory ments, Washington, D. C.

5

THE GEORGIA ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------

_Bishop Lauds

Defense Booklet Baptist Leader

Civi I Defense

Planned By FCDA Urges Churches

Writes Pastors
Bishop ~thur J. Moore, president
of the Council of Methodist Bishops of the World, and head of the North and South Georgia Conferences of the Methodist Church, has addressed a letter to all pastors and district superintendents of this faith in ithe State in which he pointed out, "I am convinced that this is a field of real service to -our people and your cooperation will he highly appreciated."
"The Federal Civil Defense Administration," the world famous church leader stated in the letter, "has formed a National Religious Advisory Committee to assist in formulating and carrying out an intelligent plan of guidance and action for our civilian population in case there should be an attack made on us."
"A committee made up of representative leaders of organized religion of the State of Georgia has been formed also," he continued, "and is undertaking to render whatever service is possible for the maintenance of composure and security. The formation of this committee does not mean that war is inevitable, but the need for National Security is real. Those charged with our defense are convinced that the clergy of all faiths can render a very important service."
Bishop Moore told the Methodist pastors and _district superintendents, "You will receive from the Office of Civil Defense a most interesting booklet entitled 'The Clergy In Civil Defense.' It sets forth in detail the duties being asked of the clergy. Please read it carefully. Report to the Office or Director of Civil Defense in your town or county and express your willingness to serve."
Bishop MoorP. was elected chair.: man of the Religious Advisory Committee at the organization meeting.

Every family in Georgia can have a Jactual Civil Defense "library," according to information received from Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Director of the Department of Defenee.
A series of public booklets is planned by the Federal Civil Defense Administration, with several already released. The following may be s.ecured from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C., or the Civil Defense Division, Atlanta.
"Emergency Action to Save Lives" is a very comprehensive booklet, the State Director of CD announced. He also recommended "Fire Fighting for Householders"; "This is Civil Defense"; "Survival Under Atomic Attack" and "What You Should Know About Biological Warfare."
The self-survival pamphlets are designed for laymen, he said. The information contained in the booklets is designed to acquaint the reader with what should be done to save lives, and help cut down rmnors. Civil Defense officials urge all citizens to get copies of the booklets, whether or not they are engaged in volunteer work.
It was pointed out by Mr. Vandiver that first aid is something which might be necessary at any time. The "Emergency Action to Save Lives" booklet is not a substitute for a first aid course, but it explains such things as how to stop shock and bleeding.
Fire fighting is another Civil Defense subject useful at any time -war or peace. In any emergency, he added, "there is no substitute for knowledge~~
"Military forces are not a substitute for Civil Defense. We regard Civil Defense as a co-equal partner with the military in the defense of the Nation."- Robert A. Lovett, Secretary of Defense.

To Activate CD

Dr. Louie D. Newton, president

of the Georgia Baptist Convention,

pastor of Atlanta's Druid Hills

Baptist Church, and a member of

the Religious Advisory Committee

of State Civil Defense, has ad-

dressed a letter to all Baptist

pastors in the convention urging

fuU and active cooperation in the

CD program designed to save lives

and minimize the destruction of

property in case of atomic attack

by the enemy.

The prominent Georgia Baptist

leader told his fellow pastors "you

will receive a brochure which out-

lines clearly what we, as pastors,

can do to help in this vital situa-

tion. Mter reading this brochure, I

susgest two things that I hope you

will do:

"First, get in personal touch

with the Civil Defense Director for

your county and ask him for sug

gestions of how you can cooperate

through your church, or churches;

and;

"Second, set up a committee of

five people in your church, or

churches, who will help carry out

whatever plans you develop with

your Civil Defense Director.

"We have done that at Druid

Hills," Dr. Newton said in his letter, "and I be.lieve eve~y Baptist

pastor and every Baptist church in

Georgia will gladly cooperate in,

every possible way to prepare our

people for any emergency that may

arise. In order that I may report to

Fznest Vandiver, State Civil De..

fense _Director, on the response of

our Baptist pastors and churches,

please drop me a card or letter,

telling me what you have done in

your church, or churches."



Dr. Newton is secretary of the

Civil Defense Religious Advisory

CoiiiJ!l_ittee.

It is far better to be prepared for something that never happens than to be wholly unprepared for that which COULD happen any time.

6

FEBRUARY, 1952

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - T H E GEORGIA ALERT

AF Coordinator To Write Column

Beginning with this issue, the Georgia Alert will carry a monthly report of the progress of the Ground Observer Corps, an important function of Civil Defense.
Major E. F. Shaheen, Air Force Coordinator, will write the feature column, which will include a detailed, state-wide report showing the number of Observer Posts established, names of supervisors and other information pertaining to this phase of the CD program.
Ernest Vandiver, State CD Director, has stated that more than 700 GOC Posts must be established in the State to meet mmtmum requirements designed to protect the citizens and their property against enemy attack or other disaster.
Major Shaheen's first column appears elsewhere in this issue of The Alert.
Radiation Class Opens at Tech
The "radiation class" at Georgia T ech got under way on January 7, with sessions scheduled for each
Monday night from 6:30 to 9:30. Dr.
J ohn H. Tolan is instructor. Approximately half of the stu-
dents enrolled in the course are Civil Defense workers, it was announced, with Thomaston having four members of the class including t he !\'layor, CD Director and the Chief of Police.
The course will probably be repeated in the spring quarter.
"I have consistently advocated a s trong Civil Defense for this Nation as an urgent and continuing necess ity. I consider that the buildup of civilian capabilities in this field is essential, not only from a humanitarian standpoint, hut as a military necessity."- Gen. George C. 1\larshall.

CD SHELTER PROGRAM INAUGURATED-Georgia's CD shelter program was inaugurated last month under the supervision of Col. W. F. Kerns, State CD Engineer, with the Peachtree and 7th Street Building being designated as the first shelter. The event wos recorded by a Civi I Defense staff photographer. Shown in the photo ore,
left to right: Col. Kerns; T. J. Marshall, superintendent of the building; James K.
Howes, safety engineer of the bui Iding; Harry Robert, Chief of engineer services of Atlanta CD; and Geo. M. "Pup" Phillips, Civil Defense Director of Metropolitan Atlanta. Not shown in the photo but present at the ceremony is A., L. Feldman, president of Puritan Chemical Company, who is furnishing shelter signs to Georgia Civil Defense without charge. (See story in this issue.)

National Advisory Committee

Urges Strong Civil Defense

The President's National Advisory Council on Civil Defense, meeting in Washington last ,month, warned that "a strong Civil Defense program must be maintained until all enemies of democracy have been convinced that the welfare of the world depends on a permanent
peace. "
"The Civil Defense program throughout the Nation must be developed to help keep the peace both from immediate and longrange needs. While progress has been made, efforts to develop the maximum extent of Civil Defense must be intensified.
"The executive officers of the nationally organized civilian groups of the country should solicit their members to join the Civil Defense Corps. They should urge their State officials, who in turn should urge their local officers to register all members with the Civil Defense authorities in their local commtqtities thus indicating their avail-

ability to volunteer for Civil Defense work in the field in which they are qualified.
"The Alert America exhibit which we have seen affords sound and substantial instruction in Civil Defense. It shows dramatically the hazards that lie ahead and the means of coping with them. The Council urges local public officials, and especially Civil Defense Directors to give whole hearted support in the presentation of the exhibit in their local communities.
"The Council urges the public to see the exhibit. People will find it insprrmg and instructive. The Council commends the key Government agencies, private industry, and the information media of the Nation for their generous support in making the Alert America program possible. We believe that a strong Civil Defense program must be maintained until such time as all enemies of democracy have been convinced that the welfare of the world depends on a permanent peace."

FEBRUARY, 1952

7

THEGEORGIAALERT--------------------------------------------------~~~----------

Air Force CoorJinator

Rep~rts By Major E. F. Slwheen Air Force Coordinator
During the month of January, considerable interest has been
shown by the

Civil Defense Director F. W. Noegel at Coclran adds two more posts to the ever-growing statewide
coverage with Supervisors Charles ~ow and Holmes Abney. Not to
be outdone by anyone, Mo. Noegel
includes the names of the already

people of Georgia in the Ground Observer Corps Pro-

appointed Chief Observers, namely, Lonnie Purser and H. D. Abney.
From .Austell Dr. James Newman

.gram now in the has volunteered his services as

process of organi- Post Supervisor, and is now in the

Shaheen

zation by the State Department of De-

process of organizing. Austell is in t_he area covered by George "Pup"

fense. This interest is evidenced

by the excellent response to

a request for o,ver 700 Posts

throughout the St.ate. A typical

illustration was the action by

the Chatham-Savannah Defense

Council under the able leadership

of Charles Musante and Deputy

Director of GOC Lester Henderson.

Within a 24 hour period, eight posts

were set up in Chatham County,

with well qualified supervisors

appointed to each. The new

s upervisors are F. J, Ditmeyer,

James Ira Deese, William J, Mobley,

Robert V. Martin, Jr., David Mc-

Cutchen, 0. L. Ashcraft, W. P.

Holt, and Pooler Mayor J, H.

McDonald.



Phillips, the very capable Director
of CD for Metropolitan Atlanta. Mo.
Phillips reports favorably on the prospects of coverage in his territory.
Commendatio,ns are certainly in order for this entire group of outstanding citizens and the State of Georgia can well be proud of their leadership.
HOWEVER, the job to _be done cannot be completed without the assistance of many more patriotic citizens; your Director of Civil Defense Ernest Vandiver has issued a call for additional posts and personnel to man them. The United States Air Force stands ready to train and direct the operations of

Another outstanding job is being
done by Rome's Civil Defense
Director F. S. Cooper. Mo. Cooper
reports six posts supervised by Frank L. Casey, M. H. Lovell, Sr.
L. H. Wilson Sherman, L. G. Cannon'
Martin H. Bradshaw, and Jesse Bradshaw.

the entire Corps. The Ground Observer Corps has
expanded throughout the entire ~tion; a part of this gigantic augmentation of our Radar Defenses. Organize a Post and contribute of your free time that it may remain free...

State Director
Co1111ends Wardens
The Civil Defense block wardens of 1952 will be called on to perform one of the most important functions of the entire CD organization in the event this country is involved in war, Ernest Vandiver, Georgia CD Director, said in commenting on a statement by the Federal Civil Defense Administration that "The man of the year for '52 is the -block warden."
Regardless of the position held by the warden, whether a school teacher, a housewife, !retired policeman, the corner grocer, the roan-onthe street_~ or the farmer in the countryside~ he or she must come up with all the answers on Civil Defense for his neighborhood- the thingB that should and should not be done in self-protection against enemy bombing attack.
The wardens of today are the backbone of the entire Civil Defense organization and operation, according to FCDA. They are the citizensoldiers trained to meet local emergency situations without delay, as .welt'as being the source of official information to the individual and families in all fields pertaining to Civil Defense.
"Civil Defense is a national insurance policy. We ~e buying it, not because we are s-..e something will happen, but because we want real protection if something does happen." -Millard Caldwell, FCDA.

Department of Defense Civil Defense Division 959 E. Confederate Ave. S. E. Atlanta, Ga.

Sec. 34.66, P.L.&R. U.S. POSTAGE PAID
Atlanta, Ga. Permit Na. 219

8

FEBRUARY, 1952

THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division,

Vol. 2, No. 3

Atlanta, Ga.

March, 1952

ERNEST VANDIVER
THE DIRECTOR

SAYS
After viewing the "Alert America " exhibit in Washington, Savannah a nd Atlanta, it becomes more appare nt to me that we must expedite olr Civil Defense program in Ge orgia, particularly the Ground Observer Corps which is so vital to the s afety of our people in the event of attack.
Many thousands of Geqrgians viewed the dramatic and spectacular show both in Savannah and Atlanta, ev idence of the fact that interest in Civi l Defense is definitely becoming paramount in our thinking, and I sincerely hope, in our planning.
I stated in my column in The Alert in January: "Every Georgian ha s an emergency mission. If we are to have an effective Civil Defense, functioning with a maximum of efficiency, it is imperative that we complete at the earliest possible date an adequate Ground Observer

See VANDIVER, Page 6

* *

GOC

Georgia Civil De tense is engaged in a concerted drive to establish a minimum of 700 Ground Observer Posts to cope with any disaster that may arise in the event this country is involved in war with Russia.

This announcement was made today by Ernest Vandiver, State Director of Civil Defense, who emphasized the importance of this phase of the CD program by stating that "the Ground Observer Corps plays a most vital role through the warning system of the Central Air Defense Force." He said that "Georgia must have a minimum of 700 Ground Observer Posts and 15,000 to 20,000 volunteer workers to serve as observers on a 24-hour per day schedule."
Major E. F. Shaheen, Air Force coordinator attached to State Civil Defense, is working closely with the State's three area directors in establishing the observer posts every eight miles over the entire State. Encouraging progress has been made in this phase of the program, but there is much left to be done to provide adequate protection for the people of Georgia, Mr. Vandiver emphasized.
Conditions throughout the world, according to the State Director, ''are not conducive to permanent peace, and in view of this fact we must prepare our defenses to cope with disaster that could easily arise if the enemy should decide to drop an atomic bomb on any area
See 700 POSTS, Paae 6

CHATHAM CITY SHELTER PROGRAM BEGINS OPERATION
Georgia's second major city to actively start its shelter program got off to a flying start with a dinner conference in Savannah Friday night, February 15.
Officiating at the conference was Carl Helfrich, prominent Savannah architect, who has been placed in charge of the shelter program of that city by Charles Musante, Civil Defense director for the Savannah area.
The principal speaker at the conference was William F. Kerns, Atlanta, engineer for the State Department of Defense. He presented the system of selection of shelter areas to the assembled group of engineers and architects.
Mr. Kerns outlined the basic features to be considered in analyzing existing structures to determine if suitable shelter space exists. "Among the many features to be considered," he said, "the most important is the type of construction and the number of floors in the building."
EDITION * * See CHATHAM CITY, Page 6

THE ALERT-------------------------------------------------------------------------
WITZ DlllBCTDI GOC PROGRAM GIVEN BOOST

CDMPLBTBS STArr IN SAVANNAH OBSERVANCE

TD ICTIVITB CD
Col. C. H. S. Russell, Civil Defease Director for Waycross, has announced completion of the appointment of those in charge of the various services, according to an article appearing in a recent issue of the Waycross JournalHerald.
Active groups of the Waycross Civil Defense organization at the present time include: Legal, communications, supply, operational, information, police, fire, transport, emergency welfare and enfjneering.
In connection with the organization drive now underway by the various CD services, according to the Waycross newspaper, several meetinss were held the latter part of February at which time prominent citizens addressed the gatherings. These include M. R. Little, Col. Russell, C. R. Wolff, Erin Johnson and T. C. Catledge.
Rev. Marion G. Bradwell and Rev. A. J. Harper have organized the ministers of .the city in the CD program, while Homer C. Johnson has organized the transportation service, "into a major organization," CD Director Russell reports.
The medical service program is under the direction of Dr. H. T. Adkins.
The Waycross CD organization is organized with a view to providing maximum service to the people of the area in the event of disaster of any nature.

The Ground Observer Corps program in the Savannah area was given considerable publicity as a result of the "'G~ Week" held from February 4th to 8th inclusive. During this period the objectives of the program were 9utlined to thousands. 'fhe fullest cooperation was secured from the leading news papers and radio stations. Qualified ~ir Force speakers handled engagements before every available organization in the city.
The week was begun with an official proclamation by Olin T. Fulmer, Mayor of Savannah. The following day, 100,000 leaflets calling attention to the "GOC Week" were dropped from the sky. 2000 posters were placed in shop windows throughout the city. Banners were hanging over prominent intersections.
The Savannah Filter Center held open house for hundreds of visitors. Under the direction of Major Robert H. Green, officer in charge, the
r\ : __
' l

intricate operation of the center was explained to the interested populace. Many applications were received from ~rsons volunteering for duty in this first-line program of Civil Defense.
Today, the Chatham-Savannah area is the only one that has a completely or~anized Ground Observer Post set-up. AU supervisors have been appointed, and at the present time, are about to begin
1
the class of instruction under the Air Force's training teams. In addition, the Chatham-Savannah Defense Couric il is lending its influence towards the development of posts outside of its immediate responsibility.
In these accomplishments, Charles Musante, Civil Defense Director, is 4hly assisted by a capable staff. Included are Madison Z. Brower, Deputy Director; Colonel A. Lester Henderson, Deputy for GOC; and Commander H. Brill, who assists in the field work of the council.

The United States Air Force operates the radar screen and the Ground Observer Corps system to know when its own fighter planes are needed to meet incoming bombers, and to warn Civil Defense officials of the ir approach. Major E. F. Shaheen is the liaison officer between Headquarters Central Air Defense Force, Kansas City, Mo., and the Civil Defense Division of the State of Georgia.
2

GOC EXPLAINED-The above outline explains In detail the WOI'klng of the Ground Observer Corps program In Civil Defense. An lmpOI'tant functIon of this phase of the CD program Is the Observation Post which reports to the local switchboard, thence to the Filter Center and on to the Air Defense lntltrcept Station. All air traffic over each post Is reported to the Filter Centers as Indicated. Georgia has two Filter Centers, Atlanta and Savannah. Readers of the Georgia Alert are urged to file this Issue for future reference In the GOC program.
MARCH, 1952

---------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT

Nurses Urged AF COORDINATOR Radiation Class

To Contact CD
All registered nurses in Georgia are urged to go to their nearest Civil Defense headquarters and !et the authorities know they are ready to serve.
Now is the time to line up with your community practice-teams so that in event of an eme.rgency you will know where to report and what is expected of you.
Every nurse is urged to begin now to teach Red Cross Home Nursing classes; to keep abreast of new
medicines -their uses, their so-
ministration and side effects; to learn new nursing procedures and retresh the memory on the ones previously learned, and above all t hi ngs to keep informed of the very latest information in Civil Defense matters.
Those of you who have had the course, "Nursing Aspects of Atomic Warfare," should not be satisfied until every nm-se in your county has had it also.
In your daily contacts, encourage citizens to have at least one member from every family trained in F irst Aid. They have only to request an instructor through their local Red Cross Chapter.
Other ways in which informed nurses can setve are talking to civic clubs, school groups and c hurch organizations; showing films and giving out literature; combaing apathy everywhere. This should be done constantly.
To the so-called "inactive" nurse-you have a most valuable part to play in the Civil Defense organization. You may he the key person in your community, and if you go forward and present yourself for Civil Defense work many will do
likewise. In event of disaster, your contribution will be immeasurable, but you must he prepared.
For further informatipn, contact Miss Dana Hudson, Chief of Nursing Section, Civil Defense Health Services, Georgia Baptist Hospital, Atlanta, Ga.

ISSUES MONTHLy.
PROGRESS REPORT
By Major E. F. Shaheen Air Force Coordinator
This month's edition of the "ALERT" is dedicated to the GROUND OBSERVER CORPS of the State of Georgia, to those of you who are so patriotically giving
of your free tir.Je in order that thut time may remain free.
Much has been accomplished during the first months of the formation of the CORPS, and the cooperation throughout the state has been most commendable. BUT, even greater assistance is needed, and this assistance should be on the part of greater numbers. Have you done your share? In the month of February, this office covered over 3000 miles in the coordination of the GROUND OBSERVER PROGRAM. In meetings with the Civil Defense Directors throughout the state, a most sue cessful response has been realized. Post locations and Supervisor's names are being reported in daily. As these lists grow, the Air Force teams at each Filter Center are readying themselves to take the field and train these volunteer civilians in the responsibilities of the poets and their individual positions. It must be emphasized over and over again that the only time required of the volunteer is the little time required for training, and this can he arranged to suit the groups concerned. The posts will be main tained ONLY when a PRACTICE MISSION is being held to determine the efficiency of the network, and incases of ACTUAL EMERGENCY. We need 700 Posts, manned by 20 to 25 persons each, and 2400 volunteers for the Filter Centers. The challenge is out and the people of Georgia are meeting it

Is Permanent Program At Tech

On January 3rd, a new course in Radiation Physics became a part of the Adult Education Program of the Engineering Extension Divi sion, Georgia Institute of Technology. This course was primarily intended for those who were engaged in Civil Defense work, hut was also offered to those whose interest in the subject was limited to the application of radioisotopes in industry and medicine. This was possible since the fundamental problem is the same, that is the danger of radiation is present in small quantities of radioisotopes as well as in an atomic explosion with only the magnitude being different.
The first course attracted 30 people of which about 25 were primarily interested in the Civil Defense problem while the remainder were interested in the applications of radioisotopes, Thus the primary emphasis of the course has been placed on the radiological effects of an atomic explosion without excluding the effects of radiations from commonly used radioisotopes.
The course has been divided into four principal parts as follows: 1) Elementary Nuclear Physics, 2) Effects of Radiation, 3) Radiation Instruments, and 4) Radiological Defense. These topics are discussed in three hour sessions meeting weekly for twelve weeks. The fee for the course is Sl5.00 and inquiries should he sent to:

Director, Engineering Extension

Division



Georgia Institute.of Technology

Atlanta, Georgia

with building-up support for the GROUND OBSERVER CORPS PROGRAM.

Even a live Wll'e needs good connections.

MA RCH, 1952

3

TtE GEORG.IA ALERT
PuiJIIslteJ monthly IJy tlte DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION
959 E. Confeclerate Ave., S.E.
Atlanta, Georgia
HOYLE R. YANDLE EJitor and Public Affairs Officer
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director CHARLES T. WHITE Asslstont Deputy Director WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer JERRY CAUBLE NortMrn Area Director M.L.LEGGETT Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southern Area Director
CD Interest
Boosted
Georgia people, particularly in the larger cities, have indicated by their visit to the "Alert America" exhibit in Savannah and Atlanta in February that they are taking civil Defense seriously and are now ready to participate in the statewide Jrogram designe"C;I to safeguard the citizens and their property.
This interest, however, is not confined to people in the urban centers. Many rural folk viewed the dramatic exhibit, and judging by the number of the state's leading farmers, people generally regard the danger of biological warfare on a par with the destructive power of the atomic bomb.
There are many dangers facing the people of Georgia in this year of 1952. Some areas of the world are in a state of turmoil, and the leaders of many countries are, apparently, eagerly seeking ways and means of "legally" plunging their people into war against free dom-foving Nations. A mo~e of this natu:e would obviously put the United States one step nearer armed conflict in view of the provisions outlined in the charter of the United Nations.
We are now living in the atomic age. No longer do the oeeane of the
4

"ALERT At.eRICA" EXHIBIT OPENS-When the "Alert America" exhibit opened in Atlanta Feb. 24 opening exercises at the City Auditorium featured oddres ses by Ernest Vandiver, State CD Director; Mayor W. B. Hartsfield, "Pup" Phillips, CD Director Greater Atlanta, and others. Shown In the photo above is Mr. Vandiver addressing the gr~p, with those in the background being, left to rl!#lt: Col. Woodbury, Dobbins Air Base; on unidentified Army officer; Atlanta CD lJirector t'hllllps, Mayor Hartsfield. and Mack Tucker, Chairman of the Civil Defense Committee of the Atlanta Jaycees, sponsors of the exhibit.

Pacific and Atlantic guarantee safety for the people of the United States. No longer is it impossible for planes of the far-flung countries to unload their weapons of death on the United States. And, according to General Hoyt Vandenherg, not more than 30 percent of attacking planes could he shot down or their course deflected.
Since thest:: things are within the realm of possibility, it behooves those who found it impossible to see "Alert .America" to seek out someone who visited the exhibit and find out what each individual's responsibility is in the State's Civil Defense program. That is . practicing patriotism to the fullest extent.
This is not a scare program; it is not designed to frighten people i11to doing something useless and un necessary. It is a program designed solei y to minimize the loss of property and save the lives of hundreds of thousands of Georgians in the event any area of the State is attacked. Then, too, it must be remembered that no section of Georgia is immune to attack; every area is within range of enemy

bombers. Civil Defense Directors Charles
Musante of Savannah, and Geo. M. "Pup" Phillips of Atlanta are to he congratulated on performing a distinct service to the people of Georgia by making it possible for many thousands to view "Alert America" in February.
The sponsoring agencies, the Kiwanis Club in Savannah, and the Junior Chamber of Commerce, have rendered a service that will do honor to their records of achievement that will be an inspiration to future members of the organizations.
Georgians are now on the alert as never before, and much of this increased activity may be attributed to the visit to Georgia of the "Alert America" exhibit.
Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Director of Civil Defense, has demonstrated by his qualities of leadership and obvious sincerity in having FCDA include Georgia in the "Alert America" itinerary,' that Civil Defense is serious business and must be so regarded by those associated with him in promoting the CD program throughout the State.

MARCH, 1952

- - - - -- - - - -- - - - - - - - - T H E ALERT
AMesiIJC to theAmerican.People

YOUR ARME ARE SHORT

00,000 PINTS OF BlOOD AMONTH!

KOREA broke upon us with the sudden surprise of a line aquall over Kansaa.
Again, as in virtually every generation since Ameri can blood bought freedom for tlria country 175 years ago, American blood waa reddening a battlefield.
With one major difference, this time. Now, in Korea, 97 out of every 100 wounded GI'o reaching the moot forward hospita.le are being saved. That's tu..o more per hundred than were aaved in World War II . , oil: more per hundred than in World War I.
That major difference, of courae, il the WJe of p!aama, derived from whole blood. Your blood.
* * *
So swift waa the outbreak of war in Korea, that thare waa !itarally .no time to appeal to the American people for lifegivlni blood.

To meet the emergency we drew upon our reserve . . blood reservee carefully built up and boarded aince the end of World War II.
But the arithmetic of dafenoe is simple ... dangerously simple:
Your Armed Forca N!quire 3()(),()()() pints of blood a monlh. Ao of last AU{/U81, it was coming in at 1M ralieof 3lJ,()()() pinto a month. With a drain like that, how long can any reeerve last?
* * *
lndu.try can produce the bombers, the munitiono , , but only you can give the blood. To date, there is no !mown oubetitute, chemical or otherwise, for the lifegiving bleeaing of your blood.
If you have givan already, tell eomeone who baa

never given how little time and effort are required , how painleee is the giving and how proud the lmowledge that he baa opened up his heart to heel a wound, to aave the life of an American fighting to save hill
Ifyou plan to give-then, in the name ofa nameleea soldier, sailor, marine, airman-don't wait till it's too late ... GIVE NOW!
CALL YOUR RED CROSS TODAY!

What Happenedto That Pint ofBlood J6u Wem Going to Give ?
-AIAPUIUC-IOM _ _ _ _ _ _ IY
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE, CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION STATE OF GEORGIA

MARCH, 1952

5

THE ALERT---------------------------------------------------------------------------

State Scltools

HDCOUNCIL Le~~t~ue, r/"utta'Vf

t"o Participate
At a meeting ol representative educators from oft over Georgia called by Dr. M. D. Collins, State School Superintendent, plans were made lor active participation ol the schools ol Georvla In the civil defense effort. Both lmrrted/ate and long range objectives were discussed. Ben Benedict ol the Tr-aining and Education sect/on of FCDA In Washington was present and made some good suggestions.
A recent meeting ol the NEA set up a committee to make suggestions to Include Civil Defense /n the curriculum

TO STRESS CD
The Chatham County Home Demonstration Clubs will stress Civil Defense throughout 1952, it was announced in Savannah recently by Miss Carolyn Warnell, county home demonstration agent.
The occasion of the announcement was a meeting of the Montgomery Club at which time films on "First Aid" and "Survival Under Atomic Attack" were shown by D. W. Strohbehn, county agent.
Mrs. B. C. Gill is Civil Defense chairman fOI' the Chatham County Council. At the meeting she displayed a compact first aid kit.

S"fl-fPJ~tt (!Z)
1'~
The American Legion and the Legi.on Auxiliary can help a lot in Civil Defense. As units they can sponsOI' either air observation posts in their neighborhood or a mobile first aid station, and in case they are in an "emergency" area their homes could be used as welfare centers and evacuation centers. Both Departmental and National organizations are on record as giving the CD program the best possible support.

at all grades, but their report has not yet been published.

FCDAFUNDS

VANDIVER
Continued from Page 1

CHATHAM CITY
Continued from Page 1
In the first phase of the survey, only steel or reinfOI'ced concrete frame buildings that are four stories 01' more in height can be considered, the speaker pointed out.
The buildings selected by the group to b_e investigated under the first phase .of the pro~am are thP. Savannah Bank and Trust Bunding, the Savannah Hotel, Realty Building, Drayton Arms Aptll'tments,

The Federal Civil Defense Administration has announced that funds spent fOI' Civil Defense after April 1, 1951 may vet be matched by the Federal Government on a dollar-01'-dollar bas is.
In the event any city in Georgia has expended funds fOI' this purpose since last April, and otficials are able to justify the expenditure accOI'ding to their CD plans, form 103 should be made out immediately and processed through the State Civil Defense office.

Corps." The destructive power of the
atomic bomb is of such proportions that it staggers our mind to the extent that it is almost impossible to even imagine the tragedy that would result from an atomic attack without an adequate Civil Defense to prepare our people for such a disaster.
The Ground Observer Corps plays a most vital role through the warning system of the Central Air Defense Force. The State of Georgia MUST HAVE a minimum of 700

Chatham Building, Scottish Rite Temple, Western Union E11ildin~t.

700 POSTS

Ground Observer Posts and 25,000 to 50,000 civilian volunteer workers

American Building, Industrial Forsyth Apartments, Whitney Hotel, Sears Roebuck, and U. S. Engineers Building.
Participating in the conference
were: Mr. Musante, Mr. Helfrich,
H. M. Garmay, Norris Sherry, Jim

Continued from Poge 1
of the State." The Ground Observer Posts will
be equipped with telephon~ service to repOI't to Filter Centers the appearance of all types of planes over the respective areas. The

before WP. can approa<!h the goal to which we aspire for the protection of Georgia citizens.
These Ground Observer Posts. after the civilian observers hav~ been properly trained. will report to Filter Centers in Savannah and

Artley, A. M. Gruber, Alex Ormond, Filter Centers are located in Atlanta the activity of all arr traffic

Ralph Thomas, Ben Ritzert, J. K. Atlanta and Savannah.

over the various Ground Observer

Stacey, Jr., George Terry, Bill Ray,

The visit of "Alert America" to Posts, and this information will in

Warren Prim, Fred Shellman, Savdnnah and Atlanta in February turn he transmitted to the Central

Charles lnglesby, Hngh Jackson, served to arouse considerable Air Defense Force in Kansas

Carl Brittain and Joseph A. Logan.
Mr. Kerns stated that other major

interest in the Civil Defense program, Mr. Vandiver observed, and

City, Mo. I sincerely hope that those who

cities in GeOI'gia will soon start added that "I cannot stress too viewed the "Alert America'' exhibit

their respective shelter programs strongly the fact that each of us

in Savannah and Atlanta will accept

and that even the smaller communities are included in the State overall she her plan.

has a rP-sponsibility to provide adequate protection for our people and their property."

the responsibility that every Georgian must assume for the protection of each citizen.

6

MARCH, 1952

VISIT YOUR LOCAL CIVIL DEFENSE OFFICE FOR FURTHER INFORMATION

MARCH, 1952

7

Columbus CD
Is Pioneering
In New Phase
Columbus Civil Defense ts pioneering in an activity that is of vital interest and one which will prove highly beneficia-l in the event of atomic destruction or other disaster to the metropolis.
Recently radioactive cai>sules imported from Oak Ridge, Tenn., were planted on the grounds of the Bradley Memorial library in a practice Civil Defense session.
Columbus is the first city in the State to hold such a session for its engineers who combed the library grounds with radioactivity detection instruments to locate the capsules.
Participating on the program in Columbus were Charles D. Spangler, Atlanta, senior sanitary engineer of the U. S. Public Health service; R. H. Byers and R. P. Lewis, both of Atlanta, with the State Industrial Hygiene division of the State Health Department. Use of various types of radioactivity detection equipment was explained by these officials.
Mr. Byer explained in detail the use of Geiger counters and instruments to detect radioactive substances on the ground. These machines, with walkie-talkies, were used in the Columbm. exercise to locate the charged material and report the location to a central control station set up in the library building.

ATLANTANS VIEW "ALERT AMERICA"-The Biological warfare display of the "Alert America" exhibit which was viewed by thousands of Georgians in Savannah and Atlanta last month. attracted these Atlanta housewives at the opening of the show as they were escorted by Chester C. Cooper, of the FCDA office in Washington. In the photo, left to right, are: Mrs. James Furniss, Atlanta; Mrs. Lloyd Timberlake, Atlanta; Mr. Cooper, and Mrs. David A. Howard, Atlanta.

KOPF ATTENDS CD MEET

Brig. Gen. Frank A. Kopf, Deputy Director of Georgia Civil Defense, attended a CD session in Birmingham, Ala., the latter part of February where he observed the test of a 10-horsepower siren which will be used to alert the people of that

ought to know the score." Birmingham CD officials, w~th
the advice and cooperation of C"ol.
J. M. Gartett, Alabama Civil De-
fense Director, are planning to install the s trens m strategic
areas of the city. The area tested in Birmingham

city in case of disaster. Gen. Kopf told the Birmingham
meeting that "the siren is the fundamelltal instrument in gtvmg an air raid warning. While it is the city's business to purchase sirens and install them, state officials are often asked for advice. And we

was within a 11;4-mile radius of the location of the 10-horsepower siren. Patrol cars radioed to headquarters on effects of the siren at va1 ious points within the given area. It was reported that the siren was heard even outside the area in some directions.

Department of Defense Civil Defense Division 959 E. Confederate Ave. S.E. Atlanta, Ga.

Sec. 34.66, P.L.&R. U.S. POSTAGE PAID Atlanta, Ga. Permit No. 219

8

MARCH, 1952

THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division,

Vol. 2, No. 4

Atlanta, Ga.

GENERAL LIBRARY
State Dire tor
April, 1952

VANDIVER SPEECHPRO VOKES INCREASED INTEREST AT ATHENS CD AREA MEETING

ERNEST VANDIVER
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS ...
There are in Georgia a great number of metropolitan centers that will become primary targets for the enemy if this country is involved in war with any of the Communist nations. For this reason it is imperative tha:t we exercise sound a nd calm judgment in coordinating the organization of Civil Defense t o protect the masses if any dis.aster should arise.
Georgia is basically an agricultural State. To protect this tre!llendously important phase of our e conomy, I am instructing all CD Direct<rS and staff members of the State Civil Defense Division to give immediate attention to the
See THE DIRECTOR, Page 3

Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Director of Civil Defense, told more than 200

mayors, CD directors, PTA ofiicials, American Legion Auxiliary officers

and others at a Civil Defense area meeting in Athens March 26 that "the

very concept of war in our own backyard is a shocking one to free Ameri-

cans."

The Georgia CD leader delivered

the principal address at the Athens

SHELTER PLAN session. His remarks provoked widespread comment, and following

IS INITIATED

adjournment comment from many of those present indicated that the

IN COLUMBUS

State CD program will make substantial progress in the immediate future.

Another of Georgia's major cities

Other speakers appearing on the

is preparing to embark on the State first North Georgia area meeting

Civil Defense Shelter Program. included Col. F. W. Whitney, Athens

Tentative plans were made in CD director; Dick Felts, Adminis-

Columbus on March 14 in a meeting trative Assistant, FCDA South-

attended by Deputy CD Director eastern Region, Atlanta; Dr. L M.

Hugo Brandt and the State Depart- Petrie, State Department of Public

ment of Defense Engineer, William Health; Ben Gammage, Red Cross;

F. Kerns.

Mrs. Mary Grubbs, State Department

It has been proposed that in the of Education; Major Edmund F.

near future a group of the larger Shaheen, Coordinator, Ground Ob-

buildings in Columbus will be server Corps; Mrs. Harold Hodgson,

selected for analysis and a group American Legion Auxiliary; George

of Columbus architects and engi- Adams, National Recreation As-

neers will be indoctrinated in the sociation; Rev. Dow Kirkpatrick,

system of conducting the survey at a meeting to be held soon in that

pastor, First Methodist Church, Athens, representing the State CD

city.

Religious Advisory Committee, and

Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Director others.

of Civil Defense, is extremely

Jerry Cauble, North Georgia

interested in expediting the shelter area Director, presided at the

program to the fullest extent so that meeting.

the people of Georgia may be

Director Vandiver was introduced

informed as to the location of to the enthusiastic audience by

adequate shelter space available

in existing structures.

See VANDIVER'S SPEECH, page 2

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Vandiver Speech

(Continued from Page 1)

Jack Wells, Mayor of Athens.

The following is a complete text

of Mr. Vandiver's address:

We are meeting here today be-

cause we realize that Athens c~n_.

without warning, become a battle-

field. We now know that the weapons

of this atomic age can turn Athens

aL'-l our other major cities in

Georgia into the front lines of

another war.

Victory-should war come-may be

won or lost on the home front. The

two-fold question today is how can

we make victory certain and how

can we minimize the cost of lives,

effort and money. We civilian men

and women will not only fight; we

must fight with caution, courage

and fcresight.

This very concept of war in our

own backyard is a shocking one to

free Americans. We have long

depended upon two oceans for

protection and the armed forces to

do our fighting. Now, our civil

defense program has become equally

important-under certain conditions,

perhaps even more important.

The people of Georgia and the

rest of the country will have the

courage to look atomic .disaster in

the face and carry on. A great

reservoir of courage and fortitude

is to be found in a real democracy.

But potential courage and. deter-

mination are not enough. Our civil

defense program is not in the

market

for people who have the

courage to die but for the people

who have the will to live-who can

think and wcrk after disaster, A

person with devotion to the cause

of freedom will have served a

better purpose if he lives and con-

tinues to fight. Bravery can be

magnificent but unaccompanied by

worthy purposes it becomes futile.

Our problem is how to give the

people in Georgia the information

and training they need to cope with

a war on the home front. This must

be done without delay. If war never

comes, that training and knowledge

will still be useful and important.

One atomic bomb borne here on a plane we probably couldn't stop, cr hurled by a rocket from a submarine we couldn't detect, could cripple industry and destroy thousands of our people. We must assume that Russia has been making atomic bombs and at this moment has a big enough stockpile to blast major cities and production centers of America.
Nor should our known power to retaliate provide any sufficient comfort. Informed intelligence officials believe the Kremlin is convinced that, in all-out war, AmEl'ica can be hurt worse than Russia. It is clear that the day they decide an attack will profit them, ~1 be the day they strike. For six years Russia has been preparing for our bombs while we have been preparing ourselves for theirs only a little-and only lately.
Enemy planes can get through our best defenses. The Air Force has repcrted that the best we can expect is the destruction of 30 percent of an attacking bomber force. Eight out of ten bombers can now get through and drop their loads on our cities.
After an attack, the Monday morning quarterbacks can figure out what might have been done to save lives. The smart ~ople will know the answers before an attack. Foresight and preparedness can save hundreds of thousands of lives if an attack hits our cities.
Together, we free people must meet this potential danger. The mere menace is shocking in itself. The very necessity of preparing to save ourselves and our industriesto fight on in our cities after any ons !aught-is a terrific load for free people.
The Congress is used to thinking of defense in a military sense only. It does not yet understand that in this age no military force ean win a major war without an informed, organized and trained civilian population in a strong supporting

role. The military has said that in
substance-and I hope will say it again and again until the Congress and the people know the facts of survival. We are represented by a hard-working Congress which is trying desperately to find the answers to meet the problems of this emergency. I am sure that, in time, the Congress will come through with those answers.
Someone said long ago that the price of liberty is eternal vigilance. That was never more true than it is right now, today, in these United States. :It may be doubly true tomorrow, or next week, or next month. Ours is a strong country, but even a giant can be taken unawares.
Our civil defense program could be lost from within by negligence, by carelessness, by simple failure to carry out necessary duties. No citizen is immune from those c:luties today. Almost every living American, man or woman has an obligation, now, to civil defense. Those who live in critical target areas are already in the firing lines, whether they know it or not. Those who live in small towns, or in the country, may find themselves involved at any moment.
Every one of us would be affected in some personal way if there was a major attack on any part of the United States. No big city, no matter how well organized or prepared, could take care of itself entirely if an enemy struck. It would have to look to small towns and villages and neighboring states for help.
This help must be well-informed and as ready to serve as the civil defense corps in the big cities. True, that help will be of a different kind. It will be mobile. .It will be rushed to the scene of disaster in trucks and other vehicles. Such mobile support will depend heavily on people in small cities and towns. In turn, it is not unlikely that rural areas would need help from the big cities.
(See VANDIVER'S SPEECH, Page 7}

2

APRIL, 1952

------------------------------------------------------------------------------THE.ALERT

THE DIRECTOR SAYS

(Continued from Page 1)

importance of working closely with our farm population so that every cit izen may be apprised of the danger of biological warfare.
Biological attack can come to any section without warning. The destruction wrought by such an assault would mean death to unt old numbers of people. It would infest growing plants with disease that would consume a great deal of time to stamp out It would cause sickness and death to working animals and milk cows that produce food to sustain the physical needs of many Georgia children.
In spite of our health safety system, biological warfare does hold dangers that we must he prepared to meet. We have in our headquarters in Atlanta a hooklet, "What You Should Know About Biological Warfare" that is highly informative. I wish it were possible t o place one of these pamphlets in t he hands of every farm family in Georgia. We are attempting to work out a plan for such a distribution, probably through the County Agents and Home Demonstration Agents. F urther announcement of this phase of the State CD program will be made in The Georgia Alert.
We must keep Georgia in its position of leadership as an agricultural State. We must also use every t:esource to protect the food a nd fiber produced by Georgia farmers. To do this Civil Defense will play an important role in the s tatewide program to guard against biological, atomic or chemical warfare.
It is folly to underestimate the s trength of our potential enemy. High ranking officers of the Army, Marines, Air Force and Navy have pQinted out consistently that enemy planes are powerful enough to carry a load of atomic bombs from Russ ian soil to any area of the United States. Civil Defense is the job of civilians to protect the home front against such an attack.

AERO CLUB COOPERATES-Representatives of the Women's Aero Club of Atlanta are shown conferring with Col. M. C. Woodbury, Commanding General of the 35th Air Division (Def), regarding their participation in the program of the Atlanta Filter Center and the Ground Observer Corps program. In the photo, left to right, are: Major E. F. Shaheen, GOC Coordinator for the State of Georgia; Mrs. Gordon W. Curs It, Jr., Mrs. George Eubanks, Jr., Col. Woodbury, Mrs. Sartain Lanier, and Mrs. M. C. Woodbury.

Circus Material Ordnance Disposal

To Be Compiled For CD Files
ln view of the fact that there are a number of circuses and carnivals wintering in Georgia and other southern states, it has been suggested by Col. Charles Russell, Waycross Civil Defense Director, that the facilities of the shows should he compiled for use in the event of attack or other disaster in the State.
These circuses and carnivals, Col. Russell points out, include several acres of canvas, now idle; power plants, mess facilities, trucks, and other things that probably could he used by Civil Defense in an emergency.
Civil Defense Directors are requested to make a survey of these facilities within their territory. A record of the items available while the shows are in winter quarters and also on the road should be made. The State CD office requests that a copy be furnished this department.

Unit Available
CDOffice Reports
The Third Army has announced that the 547 Explosive Ordnance Disposal Unit is now available to this area to give instruction to Civil Defense personnel on the detection and disposal of unexploded ordnance.
Any city Civil Defense Director wanting this group to come to their city and give instruction in bomb disposal should contact the State Director of Civil Defense.
It is highly important that each Civil Defense organization in the State include individuals who know the score on bomb disposal.
Two inmates were conversing in their padded cell. "I've just decided to buy all the diamond and emerald mines in the world," said one. The second considered this seriously for a few moments, then murmured softly, "Don't know as I care to sell."

APRIL, 1952

3

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TJiE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave. , S.E.
Atlanta, Georgia
HOYLE R. YANDLE EditOI' and Public Affairs Officer
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director CHARLES T. WHITE Assistant Deputy Director WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area DirectOI' M.L. LEG~ETT Central Area birector HARRY U. JACKSON Southern Area DirectOI'

RESCUE SERVICE TO BE ORGANIZED

J. L. Gillis, chairman of the

State Highway Department, an-

nounced last month that his depart-

ment will undertake the organization

of the State Civil Defense Rescue

Service.

Mr. Gillis, acting in his capacity

as chief of the Engineering Service

on the general CD Advisory Com-

mittee, has appointed tol. T. D.

House as coordinator of the CD

program in the Highway Department.

The tentative plan in organizing

the rescue service is to place the

responsibility with the maintenance

division, headed by C. W. Leftwich.

It is proposed to organize a rescue

company consisting of three squads

in each of the five highway divi-

sions in the State. Most of the

equipment necessary to supply the

rescue company is presently in the

hands of the maintenance depart-

ment of each division.

It is anticipated that various

selected members of the Highway

Department

will be sent to the

Federal Civil Defense Administra-

tion Rescue School at Ogontz,

Penn., to receive detailed instruc-

tions on rescue techniques. Those

selected will in turn establish local

rescue companies.

AtlantianHeads Women's Group For Civil Defense Activities

Ernest Vandiver, State Director of Civil Defense, has just announced the appointment of a Women's Committee for Civil Defense for the State of Georgia.
The following is a list of those selected for this important function of the State CD organization: Mrs. Gertrude Harris, Atlanta, chairman; Mrs. Fred Knight, Cartersville; Mrs. Ralph Fowler, Marietta; and Mrs. Louise H. Hodgson, Athens.
Mrs. Fowler is president of the Auxiliary of the Georgia Medical Association, and Mrs. Hodgson is chairman of the American Legion Auxiliary Civil Defense Committee. Mrs. Knight is Civil Defense Chairman for the Georgia Congress of Parents and Teachers.
Director Vandiver is highly pleased that these outstanding

leaders have agreed to serve on this important committee. He predicts that considerable activity will be generated among the people of the State, and that Civil Defense will be able to reach more groups and individuals as a result of the work of these committee members.
The "Annotated Civil Defense Bibliography for Teachers" Is now available at the Government Printing Office. It lists about 200 booklets, articles, and reports thot are available for reference on CD. The material Is classified for elementary, secondary, and adult level of study.
This bibliography Is now being distributed to all Civil Defense Directors.

GOC WEEK OBSERVED-The Chatham Savannah Defense Council set aside the week of Feb. 4-9 as "Ground Observer Corps" week and during this period of time substantial progress was made in this vital program of Civil Defense. Mayor Fulmer issued a proclamation calling attention to the observance. Charles J. Musante, Savannah CD Director, directed the observance, with ihe assistance of Major E. F. Shaheen, Air Force Coordinator, attached to the Atlanta office of Georgia Civil Defense. The bonner in photo is located at the corner of Bull and Broughton Streets, busiest intersection in the city.

4

APRIL, 1952

SURVEY PLANNED
TO PROVIDE C D
VALUABLE DATA
A survey of all of Georgia's con tractors is soon to be undertaken to provide Civil Defense engineering personnel with the vital information on the location of construction and repair material, equipment and technicians.
William F. Kerns, engineer for the State Department of Defense, explains that the survey must of necessity be of a very seneral nature due to the ever changing status of the individual contractor.
A mailing list numbering approximately five hundred is in the process of being developed and it is anticipated tbat questionaires will be sent to this first group during the current month.
State Civil Defense officials have expressed the hope that the survey will receive whole hearted cooperation from the contracting industry, pointing out that the contractors of a community must of necessity play a major role in Civil Defense in the event of an attack on one or more of our cities.
Through the combined efforts of the contractors, a devastated area will be brought back to life rapidly, and it is the rapid recovery that will be the key to victory in any future war in which this country may become involved.
The State Association of Business and Professional Women will hold the 1952 annual convention in Atlanta on May 23. Principal speaker for the occasion will be Mrs. Thalia Woods of Washington,
D. C.
Mrs. Woods is chairman of the Women's Participation for Volunteer Manpower Committee of Federal Civil Defense Administration.
Mrs. Odessa Henson, Atlanta, IS president of the B&PW.
APRIL, 1952

CD LEADERS AT CONFERENCE-Prominent leaders of North Georgia were present for a Civil Defense area meeting in Athens last month at which time Ernest Vandiver, State CD Director, delivered the principal address. Shown in the above group when the session opened include Col. F. W. Whitney, Athens CD Director; Jack Wells, Mayor of Athens, who introduced Mr. Vandiver, Mrs. Harold B. Hadgsan, Athens, State CD chairman for the Amecican Legion Auxiliary; Mr~ Vandiver, and Dr. L. M. Petrie, Atlanta, deputy director, Civil Defense Health Services for the State af Georgia.

Newspapers, Radio, TV Stations

Give Excellent Support To Civil Defense

Newspapers, radio and television stations in Georgia have rendered outstanding service to the public by using their columns and time to point out the importance of Civil Defense.
Ernest Vandiver, State Director, made this observation recently in commenting on the "excellent cooperation of the state's news gathering agencies in printing and broadcasting information that is so vital to our people in this atomic
age. "
Every newspaper in the state, both weekly and daily, has carried news releases informing their readers of the Civil Defense program. Messages have gone out from the radio stations, and the three TV stations in Atlanta have arranged programs on Civil Defense; the destructive power of the atomic bomb has been portrayed on the screen of television sets in the homes of thousands of Georgians, and the importance of adequate
planning to minimize the destruction of biological and chemical warfare

have also been brought to the attention of Georgia with the result that the CD program, local, state and national, is well known in both urban and rural communities in the state.
Director Va ndiver emphasized that the major portion of the progress of Civil Defense in Georgia is due to the support and cooperation of those agencies whose facilities permit statewide distribution over the air and by the printed word.
Film Available
"And a Voice Shall be Heard," a Civil Defense film made in Syracuse, N. Y., by the General Electric Company showing. that city in the throes of a mock atomic attack may be obtained from any of the GE film libraries, it was announced this month by Georgia CD officials.
The film is recommended as a good back-drop for any meeting of Civil Defense workers.
s

THE ALERT---------------------------------------------------------------------------

ORGAIIZATiqN, TRAINING OF G0 C
MUST BE EXPEDITED, DIRECTOR SAYS
Increasing concern about the possibilities of enemy air attack, indicate that the organization and training of the Ground Observer Corps should be expedited.
The Ground Observer Corps is composed of patriotic Americans, who volunteer their services on a part time basis to report on the movement of aircraft. It includes observers located at Observer Posts who report directly by telephone to strategically located Filter Centers which are manned by Plouers, Filterers and Tellers. (In tum reports from . Filter Centers are sent to an Air Force installation called the Ground Control 'Intercept Station (GCIS).) The GCIS screens reports and then notifies certain key points, another Air Force installation called, Air Raid Warning Centers, who in tum warn Civilian Communities, Hospitals and Factories of approaching enemy aircraft. Georgia is responsible for the organization of approximately 750 Observer Posts and 2 Filter Centers.
Initially, every attempt should be made to organize one Observer Post in each City and incorporated town. As organization progresses, additional Observer Posts will be located between incorporated towns so that Georgia will have one post in every 8 mile circle over the State.
Directors of cities and incorporated rowns are responsible for organizing posts in cities and incorporated towns.
It would be desirable to have Directors of towns assume responsibility for locating and organizing posts outside of cities and incorporated towns.
Each post will consist of 20-24 Observers, male or female. Men who normally would not be called into military service in event of a national emergency are to be preferred. Good eyesight, hearing, and ability to speak English clearly and distinctly are major requirements. Directors will select and appoiTJt a Chief Observer who should thereafter be responsible for organization, training and supervision of the work of Observers.
Observer Posts should be physically located in a building or on top
a hill where there is ari unobstructed view in all directions and not more
than 15 seconds walking distance from a private telephone. A telephone (private, not a pay phone) must be available day and
night to send ..Aircraft Flash Messages". These messages used in reporting aircraft are charged to the Federal Government as "Government Collect" telephone calls at no cost to the subscriber.
Any patriotic citizen or local organization such as The American Legion, V.F. W., a lodge, fraternal order, business men's club, or women's club, etc., may be asked to sponsor an Observer Post.
Directors will be furnished with "Observation Post Code Name and Number", appropriate forms and instruction booklets -upon report to the State Director of the following:
Name of Supervisor ________________________________________
Location of the Observer Post CitY---------------------------
Street Address----------------------------' hone No.-------

State's Civic
Clubs lmport.ant
To Civil Defense
The civic clubs of Georgia have a tremendously important responsibility in all phases of the State's pl'Ogram designed to improve conditions for the citizens both in the rural and urban areas.
A new, and vitally important responsibility, to the membership of Kiwanis, Rotary, Exchange, Lions, and other civic groups is that of magnifying the part that every citizen should play in perfecting a strong and active Civil Defense organization in every area of the State.
Ernest Vandiver, State Director of Civil Defense, has outlined some of the duties that civic clubs should perform in their respective centers, "that may mean the saving of thousands of lives" in the event of atomic attack in Georgia.
The State CD Director stated that "civic clubs can pledge 100-percent cooperation with the local Civil Defense program. The members can put themselves on record by passing a resolution to that effect, getting it into the newspapers and on the radio."
Other activities of civic organizations, he listed, include: "Appoint a Civil Defense committee whose chairmanwould act as liaison with the local CD Director. Sponsor discussion programs on Civil Defense and invite Civil Defense Direct<rs to tell about their problems. Take part in Red Cross blood donor programs. Set up a speakers' bureau to spread the Civil Defense story throughout the community. Spons<r showing of Civil Defense pictures, etc."
"Get behind the Civil Defense program," Mr. Vandiver pointed out, "not just as an organization, but as individual citizens, by volunteering your services."

6

APRIL, 1952

------------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT

.'.l (Continued from Pcige 2)
Biological warfare could be waged more easily against farms and farmers than against city peopl-e.
A natural question at this point which will be asked by every municipal authority in the State I. S-"Does th1' s mIean t hat my town, regardless of size or location, should have a program underway now?"
The answer to that question isYES!
There are two reasons for that answer in the El:ffirmativ e. First, civil defense is a vast, nationwide problem and the solution to which every civilian and every city must contribute a just and proportionate share. Secondly, there is no city or town in the nation that can claim absolute immunity from wartime disaster at the hands of an enemy.
A story of two cities in Nazi Germany will help emphasize that second point.
ln many German cities where civil defense programs were well organized, Allied bombings did not result in complete community disorganization under attack, which was the case in German cities where civil defense measures were ignored or poorly organized.
Take the cases of Duishurg and Hanan in Germany.
The city of Duishurg was exposed to air raids early in 1941. A competent and well-organized civil defense system gradually grew up in that community. As a result, the civilian casualties were small and essential work was maintained during the period of intensive bombings in 1943 and 1944.
The city Hanan, on the other hand, felt that it was too small and industrially unimportant to be a target for heavy air raids. Civil defense measures in that city were generally ignored by the civil authorities. They paid a heavy price for that neglect.
When a large Allied bombing raid struck Hanan in December of 1944, the civilian population was

panic-stricken. The civil authorities had no organization or plan to cope
with the disaster-and the people fled the city in wild confusion.
Within one night, this city of 40,000 people became a mass of ruins with only five or six thousand people left of its original population. Today, that city has still not recovered from the disaster.
That incident is not a rare one. It was duplicated many times wherever disaster struck without warning during the recent war.
It might be well to pause here and remember that of all the cities bombed or devastated in the war, only Nagasaka and Hiroshima in Japan were visited witli the kind of atomic disaster with which .our cities may have to cope should war come again.
Every expert tells us there will be no perfect military defense against atomic attack. In the next war America will be hit-and hurt. How well we meet that attack, and recover, and fip;ht on-will be determined not by military action alone, hut by; how well prepared we are-in our own backyards. We cannot hope to be immune to attack, but we must prepare to be 'resilient' to attack. Whether or not we have that resilience may decide the fa.te of the Western World. We can lose the next war through failure to defend our cities.
:In a world made restless by the selfish desires of dictators, we must soberly weigh~ our chances of survival as a nation. Without hysteria, but with firm resolution, we must organize our strength, both moral and physical, that we may preserve the priceless heritage that belongs to all free nations.
Unpreparedness is the only sure way to invite disaster. Unwillingness to face reality is the only guarantee that reality shall become gri.m. On the other hand, if we have so strongly prepared ourselves for civil defense, so strongly prepared our people that they realize that

tomorrow's work has to be done

whatever interims occur, it is the

sober judgment of the best students

in this field that modern bombing

cannot knock out any country, if

the country is adequately defended!

Therefore, if we so prepare our-

selves that we shall be strong

enough and well enough prepared,

we, I think, will be the greater

deterrents to the bombing that we

are preparing to meet. If we are

prepared well enough, we will never

have to do the things for which we

are prepared. All of us would, of

course, work to the limit of our

capacity to be ready, praying that

we would never have to use the

skills that we develop. If we do

our jobs, I think that will be very

bad news to the Kremlin because

~hey mow they couldn't beat the

free world in a long struggle where

our technical skills and vast produc-

tive capacity could be brought to

bear; and if we are ready then we

may have full reason to hope we

shall never have to be ready.

Civil defense is a national

insurance policy. We are buying it,

not because we are sure something

will happen, but because we want

real protection if something does

happen. Every one of us has a

stake in the future of our country.

We must protect that future as best

we can, for ourselves, and for our

children.

What I have said to you has been

in

an atmosphere of solemnity,

concern, but also calm confidence

that if we do our job and do it well

enough, we shall never have to use

the implements which we shall

f9fge. Thoughtful planning and

effective action can bring us peace

through strength.

We can do it b.y working together

in civil defense. In hundreds of

cities we are doing exactly that

right now. In every city we mus~ do

it from now on. We have no other

choice.

Shutting your eyes to the fact that others have the A-bomb-and planes to deliver it-is gambling with your life. Nothing makes better A-bomb prey than a city that's unprepared!

APRIL, 1952

7

THE ALERT----------------------------------------------------------------------~---

BIOLOGICAL WARFARE REAL THREAT

11/tJMI,Ie,4 tj~UUeft

TO GEORGIA FARMERS-- VANDIVER

tJI/e'U Sewtu4

Biological warfare is a very real threat to the farmers of Gectgia, and it is incumbent upon all citizens to be on t_he alert at all times to detect this mos.t . destructive force i our potential e_!lell!y should decide to attack the source of our food and fiber tesources.
6t . ~n his perso~al column appearing
in this issue T-he 'GecX-gia' Alert,
Ernest Van~ ivet, State Director of
tivil Defense, points out that "biological attack can come to any section without warning," adding that "it would infest growing plants with disease that would consume a great deal of time to stamp out, and would . produce illness and death to working animals, and milk cows that produce food to sustain the physical needs o many Georgia children."
"There are in Georgia a great number of metropolitan centers that will become primary targets for the enemy i this country is involved in war with any of the Communist nations," he added. These centers must not be overlooked, the Director emphasized, "but in view of the fact that Georgia is basically an agricultural state, it is imperative that we utilize all the resources at our command to offset the catastrophe that would result i biological warfare should infest our farms."
Mr. Vandiver asserted that every Georgian should read the Civil Defense booklet, "What You Should

Know About Biological Warfare," adding . that an attempt is being made by ' the State CD Division to distribute this pamphlet to farm . families through the County Agents and Home Demonstration Agents. . "We must keep Georgia in its position of leadership as an agricultural State," he stated, ''and to a~complish this objective we must use every resource _to protect the food and fiber produced by Georgia farmers."
National Groups Urged to Support
Volunteer Plan
Top officials of national organizations are being encouraged by the Federal Civil Defense Administration to get various members of the respective groups to volunteer for CD work.
Instructions issued to local bodies are, first get in touch with the local Civil Defense Director, and then put on a campaign among the membership for volunteers. An unofficial registration card will be used for this purpose unless the local director prefers to use one of his own choice. Where this procedure does not conform to the pattern set up by the CD Director, the local organization should endeavor to fit into the plan whereever most needed.

'l~e (!ZJ "'~ The Women's Aero Club of Atlanta has offered the services of its entire membership in performing necessary services in promoting the program of the Atll;tnta Filter Center and the Ground Observer Corps of the State Civil Defense Division.
A group of the organization's members visited Col. M. C. Woodbury, Commanding General of .the 35th Air Division (De) Headquarters at Dobbins Air Base recently. In an interview with the Air Force officer, assured him of their full cooperation and support.
During the visit, Col. Woodbury explained the military responsibilities of his command and the preparations being taken by the Air Force for the defense of the Nation. Major E. F. Shaheen, USAF, GOC Coordinator for the State of Georgia, assisted Col. Woodbury in explaining .the relationship between the military radar net and the Ground Observer Corps now being organized by the State Civil Defense Division.
Plans are under way by the club for the entire membership to participate iQ the program of the Atlanta Filter Center.
Human nature is what makes you swear at a driver when you are a pedestrian and swear at a pedestrian when you are a driver.

Department of Defense Civil Defense Divi sian 959 E. Confederate Ave. S. E. Atlanta, Ga.

Sec. 34.66, P.L.&R. U.S. POSTAGE PAID
Atlanta, Ga. Permit No. 219

8

APRIL, 1952

THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Ern

Vol. 2, No. 5

Atlanta, Ga.

May, 1952

VANDIVER VIEWS ATOMIC B ~

V ADA;

TELLS REPORTERS GA. CD RANKS WITH BEST

Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Director of Civil Defense, told a reporter in Las Vegas, Nevada, April 23, following the atomic explosion that "I don't believe anyone present needs now to be sold on Civil Defense."
The Georgia CD executive was among the "limited number" of invitees to view the atomic explosion program at the Nevada proving ground. Civil

ERNEST VANDIVER
The DIRECTOR SAYS...
Through the efforts of thP- Religious Advisory Committee, augmented by data supplied by the Civil Defense Division of the Department of Defense, ministers and church officials of all faiths have approached the task of preparing our people for any eventuality in a most serious vein.
The interest and enthusiasm so obvious at the initial meeting of the Religious Advisory Committee have gone out to both urban and rural churches. Today, as a direct result of the letters from the members of the committee to their parishioners, we are receiving the
See THE DIRECTOR, Page 4

Defense officials from practically every state in the Nation viewed the spectacle.
"I hope every American, particularly those in the State of Georgia," Mr. Vandiver observed, "saw the tremendous intensity of the bomb. We are still trying to tell people that Civil Defense is like a life insurance policy. They should be willing to pay the premium through volunteer work."
The reporter interviewing the Georgia Civil Defense leader stated in his reelase ~at "There were no atheists in the fox holes in Yucca Flat on Tuesday."
Georgia's Civil Defense organization stacks up as one of the best in the Nation, Mr. Vandiver told reporters in Las Vegas. He added that he arrived at that conclusion after talking with CD directors from most of the other states who were in Nevada to witness the A-bomb blast.
..I knew we were doing a good job, but I didn't know how good until I started asking questions. We still have a lot to do, but we're off to a very good start,"
At the conclusion of the Nevada exercises, Mr. Vandiver proceeded
See VANDIVER VIEWS page 4

Rural Georgia
Has Vital Part
In CD-- Vandiver
Rural Georgia has a very vital part in protecting the people of this State against atomic, biological and chemical warfare. The atomic bomb is too expensive to use purposely on a farm community. However, this relative freedom from attack only adds to the responsibility of the people who live in such areas.
Civilians away from the target areas will be better able, mentally aul physically, to cope with situations of disaster.
One of the most important things for farmers and farm groups to think about is the fact that every farm is a potential target for biological warfare. "It is imperative that farm families learn about biological warfare and how to watch for it," Ernest Vandiver, State Director, said today.
"While you are protecting your
See RURAL GEORGIA page 4

THE ALERT--------------------------------------------------------------~--------------

THE GEORG.IA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
Atlanta, Georgia

THE ATLANTA CONSTITUTION

THURSDAY, APRIL 24, 1952
CLARK HOWELL, Publi~t Wm. H. FIELDS, Managing fditM

IIALPH MeGILL. EdiiM LEO AII<MJ.H, Editetlal J.uiJtont

HOYLE R. YANDLE Editor and Public Allairs _OIIicer
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director CHARLES T. WHITE Assistant Deputy Director WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Ollicer JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director M.L. LEGGETT Centra/ Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southern Area Director
M G C Students
Complete Course
Mother-Baby Care
During the winter quarter of 1952 a group of Middle Georgia College Students, Cochran, completed a cotrse in mother and baby care. This was the first time in the history of the college that such a course had been offered. The course was sponsored by the Alpha Bios Scientia, college biology honor club.
Professor Carl J. Kuipers directed
and coordinated the mother and 'baby course on behalf of the college _and in his capacity of Bleckley County Director of Health Services for the Georgia Civil Defense program. The course was taught by Mrs. Richard Parrsmore, R. N., Bleckley County Health Nurse.
The mother and baby nursing course was a partial fulfillment of point two in the five point defense program for Georgia. A group of 20 persons composed of M. G. C. students and Cochran citizens participated in the course. While not receiving college credit, those who completed this work received the

What If It Had Dropped on New York?

Comment ing on the A- bomb ex;plosion at Yucca Flats in Nevada, Column ist Bob Considine penned these significant words : "The maddest man in the K remlin could not be cr azed en ou gh to provoke t he Unit ed St ates to r ain this in d e~c r i ba b il'! destr uction down on Rw;; ia n peoples and their works."
He quotes Churchil r s belie! Lhat our possession of a big :-tockpile of these horri fying weapons is the lone reason that Russia has not moved a11 out against the free world.
To be realist ic, h owever, we musf reflect soberly al:-o on Federal Civil Defense Administrator Millard Caldwell's r eaction as he watched the explosion : "If that had fallen on New Yor k it v.ould h ave burned out a patch of Man liattan coverin ,!l at least t hree m il~s and would h aYe k illed or wounded half a million people."
We m ust look at the sit uatie>n now with a r ealizat ion th at Russia, too, is bu ildinJ! a !!oc~pi le e>{ at om i c bombs. We m ust live with the knowledge that the worlc:l somenay cllulr! be r ~ d11ced to cinders by m ns own hnn, unlf!~s somP. meth or! of in tPrna tioM I control of the atom ic w eapon eRn be worked ou t.
It is po:- ~i ble that w ch control will come , b ut t llday it is a s fa r away as evPr. The Kremli n r efu ,;P~ i n ~pecti o n of atomic weapons and plant fac il it iPs. Knowing the r uthlessn ess C~f the men in t he Politbu r o end tht! f aithlessneFS c f thPi r p romi ~ P. ~ . WP. wou ld be foolish to r un the risk of losing the superior ity

we _now hold-a super_iority which has en abled us to h old on to a pr ecarious peace.
We also know that h uman life means nothing to the lea ders. ' of t he Soviet. They havl!! liquidated m illions of people without a flicker of an eyebr ow. If they could get aw ay w~ th it, we know t hey_woul d n ot hes\ta te t o destroy a whole nation and its people. The deterrent is the prospect of superior forces they fear mignt destroy them first.
Those who ~ay t hat the atom ic bomb .could end the1Korean War whf\rlever it is dropped may have someti'\ing. It probably could. However, it it -brought atomic bombs down on American cities, wouldn't it be more costly than t he ~ontinued ~talema te? We do not know how many a tomic bombs the Russians have, but we do jmow t hey have the means to del iver them t o our own cities.
As tempting as it must be to use the A-bomb, our r ealistic planners hope to w in a truce without r unn ing t he r i:-k of all-out atomic war and the Jth~:- lly prospect of dest.ruction of the American w ay of li fl' . It we maintain 011 r superior ity in at omic devel opment, thPy hope we may gain and keep an uneasy peace.
It may be that w e w ill use the bomb. When we do, we m u~t be r eady for the grisly conseqi1ences wh ich Mr. Cal<;lwell envisioned. And it we do, we hope th at every American citize-n will concP.rn h \mse!t with his own defense and that the Federal GovPrnment first undertakes to conduct mass education in civil defense.
We have del ayed far t o long in adopting a nation-w ide mass training progr am fnr ~elf-protect ion a~ai n s t t he most f ri gh tfu l weapon Pver lnMed u pon the t>~ r th . The bombs ma y n~ v~r fa ll. but i! they should, we ~h ou ld be ready to m in imize their effects if that is possible.

*** ***

official Red Cross Certificate for the course.
Dr. L. E. Roberts, president of Middle Georgia College, said: "I am very happy that the college can lend its support and cooperation to such community services and to the defense efforts. I have the utmost confidence in young people who are
willing to prepare themselves for the future without thought for degrees . Such efforts on their part are a sure sign of maturity."
Professor Kuipers stated that

this course was only the beginning of his future plans of health services through the relationship of the college, the defense efforts, and the community.
Bobby Tutwiler IS the new assistant director of Civil Defense in Greater Atlanta. He succeeds Kenneth McKenzie who resigned to pursue the study of architecture.

2

May, 1952

---------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT
A F Coordinator Engineer Repo~t

Issues Report Contra,tors Offer On Post Program Cooperation

By Major E. F. Shaheen
Air Force Coordinator
The Ground Observer Corps program in the state is gaining momentum daily as more and more patriotic citizens undertake the responsibilities of Supervisor and Observer. While 150 Ground Ob-
server Posts were registered in April, the total including May is expected to exceed 200. Such a marked degree of success can be
MAJ. SHAHEEN attributed only to the wonderful cooperation being received by the State officials from the men and women in the field. Men and women who are willing to take time out and make sacrifices in order' to serve their fellow man. Men ao:l women who have the vision to realize the potential danger that threatens our be loved nation, and are participating in the program to first alert our armed forces in the event of an attack, and secondly, to
alleviate the tremendous amount of suffering and damage that could result therefrom. These men and women are deserving of the acclaim of their entire communities and the appreciation of this great state.
But still more are needed. Georgia's goal in the Ground Observer Corps program calls for the establishment of over 700 Ground Observer Posts. That means 500 more locations, supervisors, and chief observers and thousands of others. The Filter Centers are now training personnel in both Filter Center operations and aircraft spotting and reporting. Air Force teams are traveling the state carrying out this part of the mission. Several hundred are now being trained in the cities of Atlanta and Savannah for plotting, telling, and filtering in the Filter Centers. The

William F. Kerns, State Civil Defense Engineer, announced on May 5 that 33 percent of the contractors to whom questionaires were sent recently, have completed and returned the forms.
State Civil Defense Director Ernest Vandiver commented that this rapid response is very gratifying, and praised the cooperative spirit of the contracting agency.
He also expressed the desire that the remainder of the contractors will respond in the near future as the information contained on the completed forms is of the most vital nature in rescue and repair operations in the event of an attack upon a Georgia community.
"One member of each Georgia family should qualify to administer first aid by taking a First Aid Training Course." -Ernest Vandiver, Georgia Director of Civil Defense.
need is for several thousand. The progress now being made is
remarkable. With continued cooperation the goal will be met in a very short period of time. As sections of the state are developed, the Civil Air Patrol and the Military will be called upon to fly "enemy" planes into the interiors. In this way practice exercises will enhance the ability of the individual volunteers to perform the jobs for which they are being held responsible. Everything will be directed to the fulfillment of the vital mission that we all sincerely hope we will never be called upon to perform. BUT IF WE ARE ATTACKED AT ANY TIME IN THE FUTURE, we must be ready to efficiently operate that program for which we will be well trained, God willing.

ROBERT W.. FINLEY Communications Chief
FINLEY ASSUMES
POST WITH CD
Robert W. Finley, who spent 30 years in the U. S. Coast Guard and retired July 1, 194.9 with the rank of lieutenant commander, has been named communications officer of the Georgia Civil Defense Division, it has just been announced.
The new communications officer has already assumed his new duties, and following a brief time spent in state headquarters, he went to Olney, Md., where he will spend two weeks at the Civil Defense Staff College.
Commander Finley has spent 29 years in communications work, from operator through various ratings and commissioned ranks. He spent 25 years in an administrative capacity, seven years as District Communications officer, served as land rescue officer in connection with plane crashes in the mountains of Washington, Oregon and British Columbia.
He led the search for U. S. Marine plane that crashed on Mount
m Ranier 194.6 with a loss of 32
lives; served as intelligence officer engaged in law enforcement work, was ship and staff communications officer in amphibious operations in the Phillippines campaign and with South China Force.

MAY, 1952

3

THE ALERT---------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE DIRECTOR SAYS
(Continued from Page 1)
names of hundreds of church officials of all faiths, all of whom are cheerfully volunteering their servvices in the event of any disaster in the State.
Civil Defense needs and must have the active cooperation of all groups if we are to succeed in our program of maximum protection for the civilian population if, and when, our potential enemy ,decides to attack any area of .Georgia or the Nation.
In times of trouble our minds turn to the power and comfort of the Infinite. There are no atheists or infidels when we become. victims of the destructive power of atomic, biological or chemical warfare. ' .In addition to providing spiritual ministration in time of chaos, our ministers have volunteered their invahable service to perform other chores that will inevitably develop if any area of Georgia suffers the calamitous disaster of atomic attack.
The personnel of Georgia's Civil Defense Religious Advisory Committee is made up of individual ministers whose records of spiritual guidsnce to hundreds of thousands of our people stand out as a beacon light that no one can hide. They have comforted many people in times of distress, and if enemy action should befall our people their ingenuities and consecrated service to humanity would reach new heights. Whatever the task with which they may be confronted, the Religious Advisory Committee

RURAL GEORGIA
Continued from Page 1
family and your livestock from infections and your crops from infestations, you are cooperating with the Civil Defenst program," he added. . Wiih regard to the assistance fariners can give to urban areas in the event of attack, the State Director said 4'With cars, trucks and tractors available, farm people are . well equipped to aid any atri~ken area within their reach. Mobile support, rescue and evacuation wOI'k are phasu of Civil Defense that rural people are especially qualified to do. To do any of them without confusion and delay, you must be organized and trained."
Every individual and group in the State has a responsibility in Civil Defense, "and .I am confident no person with a conscience will make any effOI't to dodge this responsibility," Mr. Vandiver said.
personnel and ministers of all faiths together with their official boards are ready to perform as good soldiers wherever their services are needed most.
Members of the Civil Defense Religious AdvisOI'y Committee are: Bishop Arthur J. Moore, Atlanta,
chairman; Dr. Louie D. Newton,
Atlanta, secretary; Rabbi Isaac E.
Marcuson, Macon; Dr. Hugh S.
Bradley, Decatur; Monsigner
Joseph G. Cassidy, Atlanta; Dr. L. A. Harrell, Macon.

Identification Cards
Your Civil Defense Director has identification cards ready for issue to any CD worker who has qualified for his job and taken the oath required by law. You can make your index finger prints on the card by using any regular stamp pad. The space for a photograph does not have to be entirely filled up with the head. A snap-shot showing your feattD'eS will suffice. After this data has been put on the card it is sent in to the state office for signattD'e and lamination, then rettD'ned to your local Director who will issue it to you.
General Order No. 10
A new Geoeral Order, No. 10, has been issued which states that the cards used to identify Ground Observer Corps personnel will be recognized by Civil Defense control officers in case of a Red alert.
It is very important that these observers be allowed to proceed to their posts in time of emergP.ncy, but special precautions will be used to check their loyalty befOI'e identification cards are issued.
Vandiver Views
Continued from Page 1
to San Francisco, Calif., to attend the annual conference of the National Association of Civil Defense directOI's. He is a vice president of the national organization.
The Georgia CD official was accompanied by Lt. Col. Charleft T. White, assistant deputy director.

DeparTment of Defense Civil Defense Division 959 E. Confederate Ave. S. E. Atlanta. Ga.

Sec. 34.66, P.L.&R. U.S. POSTAGE PAID Atlanta, Ga. Permit No. 219

4

MAY, 1952

THE GEORGIA
r

Departl)'lent of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Er

tor

Vol. 2, No. 6

Atlanta, Ga.

June, 1952

C. D. IS BACKE n.;::~~rrTTSPOSAL BY SCHOOL DEPT. CLASSES SOON

ERHEST VJ.HDIVER
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS ...
On 22 April, 1952, I witnessed an atom bomb explosion at Yucca Flats, Nevada. None of the persons who saw this awe-inspiring spectacle need NOW to be sold on civil defense.
Even though I was very much impressed with the power of this bomb, I was more impressed with the fact that about 1,500 troops were unharmed at a distance of four miles by merely lying in a slittrench four and one-half feet deep. This proved to me that proper preparation and a well organized Civil Defense Corps can combat atomic attack. To know what to do in an A-bomb attack may mean the difference between death and survival.
I only wish that every American could have seen this nuclear detonation. I think that they would have been convinced that Civil
See THE DIRECTOR, Page 4

Georgia's public schools are participating actively in the State's Civil Defense program "in order to fully acquaint both children and adults with the fact that rural as well as urban areas are within range of enemy bombers and in the event of war casualties of human lives, and property, can be minimized if we are adequately organized in Civil Defense units."
A recent statewide meding of leading educators was held with Dr. M. D. Collins, State School Superintendent, and other officials of the State Department of Education.
Both immediate and long-range objectives were discussed at the session. Ben Benidict, fr~m the Training and Education section of the Federal Civil Defense Administration in Washington, W!lS present to work with the State's educators.
It was announced that a recent decision of the National Education Association to appoint a committee to make suggestions to include Civil Defense in the curriculum at all grades, is in line with the plan being promoted in Georgia.
State Civil Defense officials announced also that a call has gone out to all registered nurses in Georgia to go to their nearest Civil Defense headquarters and let the authorities know they are ready to serve in the event of disaster. Tli.s action was taken in view of the need for qualified teachers to instruct Red Cross

The Third Army is now ready to give instruction to Civil Defense organizations who want to organize bomb disposal squads.
Whenever a bomb drops and does not explode it constitutes a serious hazard to all civilian activity in that neighborhood until the dud is disposed of. The Army has experts trained in de-activating such bombs, but they fitst have to find out where they are. The Explosive Ordnance Reconnaissance Group of which there should be one in the CD setup of every city, has the job of locating these and notifying the Explosive Ordnance Disposal Control Center.
It is necessary to give members of this CD group about eight hours of training under the Army experts before they can properly identify and report these duds. CD directors who wish to form this group ani:l secure the instruction should notify Ernest Vandiver, State Director of Civil Defense, 959 E. Confederate Ave., SE, Atlanta, Ga., and he will complete the arrangements.
Home Nursing classes, to keep abreast of new medicines, their uses, "and above all things, to keep informed of the very latest information in Civil Defense matters."
The trouble with a lot of men who spout so profusely about capital and labor is that they never had any capital and never did much labor.

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT GA. MEDICAL ASSOCIATION TO

Published monthly by the DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

SUPPORT CIVIL DEFENSE

CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.

Medical Directors from Region

Civil Defense was given a promi-

ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director CHARLES T. WHITE Assistant Deputy Director WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer ROBERT W. FINLEY Communication Officer MRS. JOliN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities JERRY CAUBLE Nort/,ern Area Director M. L. LEGGETT Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Sout/,western Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Sout/,eastern Area Director

Three of the FCDA met at the
Biltmore Hotel in Atlanta on May 14 to discuss the various state plans of meeting the emergency th~t may he faced by a hostile attack on our
civilian population. The following r~presentatives of State Health
Services were present: Dr. D. G. Gill of Alabama, Dr. K. E. Miller
of Florida, Dr. Edgar Dunstan of Georgia, and Dr. R. M. Foote of Tennessee.
Wiley L. Moore, Regional Director opened the meeting, and short
speeches of welcome were made by Dr. Edgar Dunstan, Dr. Lester Petrie, Col. Harry Brown, and

nent part in the program of the Georgia Medical Association convention held at the Biltmore Hotel the week of May 12. On Tuesday morning one paper was given showing the challenge to the medical profession offered by an atomic bomb disaster, and the answer to
that challenge was given by Dr.
Lester Petrie who presented the Georgia Health Services plan. The foundation of this plan is self help and neighbor help. It is recommended that schools he made into emergency hospitals for the time of the emergency, and that hospitals in that sector furnish the leadership

THALIA WOODS TELL B. and P. W.

Frank A. Kopf, Deputy Director of of Georgia.
There appeared to he a great amount of divergence in the methods used by the various states in

and inspiration. It was emphasized that all doctors and members of related professions should become members of the Civil Defense Volunteer Medical Service Corps.

Mrs. Thalia Bryan Woods, the top woman in Civil Defense and at

handling the problem of an emergency, hut all agreed that the

At a panel discussion following a luncheon that day medical partici-

present in charge of women's Geocgia Plan showed a great deal pation in Civil Defense was given

participation in the Office of Volunteer Manpower talked to the

of thought in working out the details, and that it was workable.

a good going over, and many points
cleared up. Dr. Norvin C. Kiefer,

Georgia State Convention of Business and Professional women in

Mr. R. A. Stetler of the American Medical Association who was also

Director of Health and Special Weapons Division of the F.C.D.A.

Atlanta on May 23. She was the key speaker for the Civil Defense program. Odessa Henson is chairman of the CD Committee.
Mrs. Woods stated that if Civil Defense is doing nothing else it is pushing the next war farther into the future, and if we work hard enough we may prevent it altogether.
In speaking of building first aid kits she stated that in Arizona they recommended the acquiring of one item at a time, and explaining

present stated that it is the best state plan he has seen so far.
An expert in packaging from Washington was present and the visiting doctors were given many new ideas on the subject of packing first aid materials for storage.
It is planned to have a meeting of this group twice a year hereafter.
New Fire "Chief"
Morris H. Dean, late of the

was present, and he gave the figures on the stockpiles of medical supplies being held by the F.C.D.A.
For Either Water or Soup
A Grand Rapids newspaper suggests that a new, clean, reserve garbage can would he a good place for householders to store their emergency supplies for civil defense. This would keep them clean,

to every member of the family just Atlanta Fire Department has been protected from weather, rats, and

how and when that item was to he appointed Coordinator of Civil whatnot, and in case the emergency

used. In that way they all under- Defense Fire Service for the South- came the can would he a mighty

stood the use of everything in the eastern Regional Office of FCDA. useful thing to have around.

kit.

He attended the Staff CD College

at Olney for the course beginning

While it is awfully nice to he

April 21.

What this country needs is not a

important, it is much more important

Even a live WU'e needs good good five-cent cigar, hut more and

to he nice.

connections.

better mouthtraps.

2

June, 1952

I -------------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT

Autos No Protection

PROTECTIVE DRESS.ING

I From Atom Bomb

UNIVERSAL PROTECTIVE DRESSING-In response to many requests for

f

Automobiles provide only limited

protection from an atomic burst, the

further information. Description furnished by Maj. Gen. George E. Armstrong, Surgeon Gen., Dept. of the Army:-

I

Federal Civil Defense Administra-

tion has informed us. The report

"Dressing consists of a single pad, 22 in. wide, and either 18 or 36 in. long, with two semi-elastic roller bandages, 6 in. wide by 6 yds.

followed a study of tests made by

long, for wrapping pad in place. Larger pad will cover half the trunk,

the Atomic Energy Commission on

or an entire limb. Smaller pad will cover hands and forearms, lower

five cars during atomic tests m

leg or smaller burns on trunk.

Nevada. The cars, sedans with steel
turret tops and safety glass windows, were placed at various distances from an atomic explosion like that which might occur in an enemy attack.

"Consists of an inner layer of surgical gauze, then % in. absorbent
cotton, then 15 layers of cellulose paper, then an outer layer of tough Masland type paper. The outer 6 layers of cellulose paper and the Masland outer surface are treated to render them impervious to liquid water, but they permit passage of water vapor and drying of burns beneath.

FCDA advised motorists what to

"In trials in Korea, it proved so successful that its designation has

do (1) if an air raid warning is

been changed from 'burn dressing' to 'universal protective dressing' ".

heard in time to find other shelter, (2) if no nearby shelter is available,

Thanks, General Armstrong!

and (3) if there is a bomb flash but

Cost of Survival ON the motorists have heard nowarning.

ALL

OUR TEAM

The answers:

l. If there is a warning and you should be in a congested

An article in "The Bel Tel News" for March states that "We

Goes Up Too~

section like a downtown area, the car should be quickly parked at the side of the street. The occupants should leave the vehicle and hurry to the nearest designated shelter area. If no s iich area can be found within a block or two, the individuals should take refuge m the tallest building nearby.
2. If a warning is received but the car is a considerable distance from the nearest building that offers

are all a part of Civil Defense". The article states that individuals should join CD groups in order to help themselves. The telephone companies will certainly be needed in any plans for civil defense. We would be lost without telephones.
EXECUTIVE ORDER
Under a new executive order, in

On May 1, 1952, the official FCDA films, "Survival Under Atomic Attack", Firefighting for Householders", "What You Should Know About Biological Warfare",
"Our Cities Must Fight", and
"Duck and O>Ver" will be boosted in price from $17.50 each to $19.75 each. The film dealers were authorized to raise the price because of the increase in cost of production.

shelter or if the car is in an outlying residential area, the occupants should roll down the windows

a time of emergency, the President can close radio stations and other facilities emitting electromagnetic

Siren Exhibit

to minimize danger from flying glass radiations which might be used as a

The Chrysler Corporation will

and should crouch down as low as navigational aid by enemy bombers. provide one of their motor driven

possible.

The order covers 10 kilocycle to air raid sirens for a demonstration

3. In case the first sign of 100,000 megacycle range.

in Atlanta early ir.. June. City

attack is the bomb flash, vehicles

representatives desiring to attend

should be stopped and then occu- However, automobiles would give the demonstration are requested to

pants crouch as low as possible, no significant protection from notify the State Coordinator of

remaining there until debris has penetrating atomic radiation,

Communications, P. 0. Box 4839,

tJtopped falling. The vehicles

FCDA emphasized that auto- Atlanta 3, Ga., and they will be

should then be driven to the side mobiles will not provide "safe" advised of the exact date as soon

of the road (if possible) in order shelter, but if safe places are not as this information is available.

not to interfere with civil defense within easy reach, an automobile

traffic.

is better than no shelter at all,

Occupants of cars with metal tops will have good protection from

provided rules about lowering windows and crouching down are

Sign in front of Louisiana filling station: "We collect taxes- also sell

light flying or falling objects. observed.

gasoline."

June, 1952

3

Department of Defense Civil Defense Division 959 E. Confederate Ave. S.E. Atlanta, Ga.

Sec. 34.66, P.L.&R. U.S. POSTAGE PAID
At Ianta, Ga. Permit No. 219

MIDDLE GEORGIA COLLEGE students take course in Mather and Baby Care. Shawn above is a group of MGC students, under the direction of Prof. Carl J. Kuipers, participating in a study designed to emphasize Civil Defense planning. Reading from left to right, they are: Samuel Preston Joiner, Thomas Rippon Fontaine, Edwin Preston, J. 1. McNair, Mrs. Richard Parramore, Blec kley County Nurse; Emmett Jackson Stephens, Reynolds H. Allen, BeHy Jean Garland, Nola Jean Barlowe, Nancy Jean Jackson, Leontine Baggett, Dr. L. E. Roberts, president of M. G. C.; Clarice Harbin, and Professor Kuipers.

BUREAUS PLAH
The President of The United States has signed an Executive Order, No. 10346 which requires each Federal department to prepare plans in consultation with the FCDA for civil defense emergencies, taking into consideration the requirements of the Department of Defense.
Plans must also be made to assure the continuity of the essen-

FDit EMEitOEHCY
tial functions of the various departments either in Washington or elsewhere in case of an emergency.
The big job of the FCDA is to indicate the types of personnel, materials, facilities and services considered useful for civil defense purposes that will not be required to keep the department functioning, and to co-ordinate such arrangements with national, state, and local civil defense plans.

THE DIRECTOR SAYS
(Continued from Page 1)
Defense is a definite insurance policy. I believe that all the apathy encountered by the various Civil Defense Directors throughout the country would have been completely dissipated with the viewing of this mushroom cloud.
We have reached the major crossroad of our time. If we take the road of realism and positive action we still have time to prepare, brief as that time may be. If we continue to follow the road of apathy and inaction in the face of today's danger, then in spite of valiance of our military defenders, the home front will be lost. The road to realism and action begins today. We must organize ourselves-in every city, factory, office, and home. Civil Defense is a responsibility which begins with the individual, and is shared with the City, the State, and the Nation.
In a world made restless by the selfish desires of dictators, we must soberly weigh our chances of survival as a nation. Without hysteria, but with firm resolution, we must organize our strength, both moral and physical, that we may preserve the priceless heritage that belongs to all free nations.
Thoughtful planning and effective action can bring us peace through strength.
When you talk, you only repeat what you already know; but if you listen, you may learn something.

4

June, 1952

THE GEORGIA

G
Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Ernest an

Vol. 2, No. 7

Atlanta, Ga.

July; 1952

PUBLIC EDUC~

RAM

PRODUCES BENEFITS FOR C D

AMERIU\NS ARE far better informed about what they should do to protect themselves against atomic attack than they were a year ago, as a result of the "biggest educational program ever undertaken in this country," FCDA pointed out in its first annual report.

Surveys conducted in 11 metro-

CDExercise InN. Y. politan areas showed that most
people have a general understanding

of what civil defense means and a

general willingness to volunteer

Nine civil defense exercises are

ERNEST VANDIVER

their services to achieve it. They consider civil defense a community

scheduled for New York State this year. Albany has already held one,

THE DIRECTOR problem second in importance only to checking communism.

and others are scheduled for Niagara Falls on August 22-23 and in

SAYS ...

The task of informing the .public about civil defense has been

Buffalo September 26-27.

With the shrinkage of space and carried on through bookle.ts, news-

time, with the development of the paper and magazine articles, radio

beeri distributed by FCDA or sold

most lethal weapons ever known and television broadcasts, motion

by the Superintendent of Documents.

to man, the face of war has been pictures, speeches, and exhibits at This figure does not include

drastically altered. Future warfare a cost less than that of mailing one

millions of copies reprinted by

will not be restricted to the battle- postcard to each citizen.

State and local governments and

field, nor fought primarily by

As an ou !standing example of private agencies.

soldiers at the front, for modern the extensive circulation of its

FCDA also told how it is edu-

y

planes, submarines, guided missiles informational materials, FCDA

cating the civil defense personnel

and other deadly devices have made cited its booklet, "Survival Under

through the Staff College and three

every point in this country vulner- Atomic Attack," of which it

training schools. The Staff College,

able to sudden attack.

originally issued 225,000 copies designed to train key administrative

Our danger at home is fixed and at a cost of less than $10,000.

personnel from the States and

constant. Right at this moment,

Reproduction of this book let for cities, opened in April, 1951. By

every major city in the United free distribution or for sale was

the end of the year more than 1, 000

States is within reach of Russian authorized with the result that it

students had attended its 6-day

bombers. We know that Russia has has been reprinted by state and

courses from all 48 States, the

atomic bombs. We know that Russia city governments, publishing firms,

District of Columbia, Alaska,

has the facilities to wage biological and public-spirited coiporations.

Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the

warfare. We know that Russia is Newspapers and magazines with a

Virgin Islands.

supplied with all of the modern combined readership of over

The three training schools,

gases. So long as those things are 22,000,000 have reprinted it in full

designed to train instructors in the

true -and every one of them IS or in part.

technical aspects of civil defense,

true- Fortress Main Street must be

In all, about 56,000,000 copies

are at St. Mary's, Calif., Stillwater,

See THE DIRECTOR, Page 4

of public leaflets and booklets have

Okla., and Abington, Pa.

President Terms CD Indispensable To U. S. Security

CIVIL DEFENSE is "just as vital

to American security as our Armed

Forces, our defense production,

and our aid to allies and friends

abroad," President Truman declared,

in a message accompanying FCDA's

first annual report to Congress.

"This report shows the growing

strength of our civil defense pro-

gram," the message said. "But it

also shows the shortcomings-and

these shortcomings are a matter of

grave national concern.

"We have the skeleton of a good

civil defense organization. Now we

need to add millions more volun-

teers. We need vastly increased

stockpiles of medical and other

supplies. We need shelters. We

need extensive training of our

people in areas vulnerable to

attack. We need all these things

and need them fast before we can

begin to feel reasonably secure

about the defense of the United

States-before we can say we have

the kind of civil defense which

helps to make aggression an

unprofitable business, and thus

supports our program for peace.

"This

calls for a far greater

sense of urgency and for a better

record of action by every citizen

and at every level of Government-

Federal, State, and local-than has

been given to civil defense up to

this time.

"In January 1951, the Congress

passed the basic legislation under

which our civil defense program

has been set up. It is good legis-

lation. It provides a sound frame-

work for doing the job. But ever

since this law was enacted, the

program has been starved for lack

of adequate appropriations.

"Last year I requested $535

million to build up our civil defense

program in the current fiscal year.

Instead the Congress provided only

$75 million. This year $600 million

has been requested as the Federal

2

Architects Take Notice

Mrs. John G. Lewis
Mrs. John G. Lewis was recently appointed Coordinator for Women's Activities for the Civil Defense Division of the State of Georgia. Mrs. Lewis will be closely connected with all women's organizations in the State in perfecting the Civil Defense Plan for Georgia.
Government's share in speeding our civil defense work for the coming fiscal year. I earnestly hope the Congress will provide the full amount this time. It is essential if we are to get the job done right.
''I want to be as clear about this as I can. We simply cannot afford a penny-wise-pound-foolish attitude about the cost of adequate civil defense. Everyone in this countryall of us-must face the fact that civil defense is, and will continue to be, just as vital to American sectrity as Ol,ll" Armed Forces, our defense production, and our aid to allies and friends abroad. Civil defense is another indispensable part of our total security program. I really believe that anyone who reflects upon this matter wiU understand why that is so. Every weakness in civil defense increases an aggressor's temptation to attack us. Every weakness in our civil defense adds to the strength of a potential enemy's stockpile of atomic bombs."

Building in the Atomic Age was the subject of a recent symposium held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
William F. Kerns, Engineer for the Georgia Department of Defense represented the State Civil Defense Division and described the conference as extremely interesting and inspiring.
Kerns stated that the conference discussed the effects of Atomic Bombs and the most recent available knowledge on the design of structures for resistance to large blasts. The economics of blast resistant design and the need for industrial dispersion were some of the other vital subjects presented.
Structuml engineers throughout the country are becoming aware of the fact that present day methods of design are inadequate to meet the threat of the Atomic Bomb. Since it is common knowledge that the A Bomb is not our exclusive property, these engineers are realizing that a suitable method which recongizes the dynamic behavior of a structure under blast conditions must be developed and utilized in the design of new buildings.
Representatives of the Engineering profession from industry, government and private practice were present at the conference and all left with a better understanding of the urgency and need for new design methods, but few if any felt that the problem was impossible to overcome, although many questions are yet unanswered.
* * *
Overheard: "You ne ve r k i ~s m e a nymore. Why can't yo u be like the man next door?"
* * *
Then there was thP cross-eyed professo r who had no control over hi s pupils.
-* * *
We've little fear From s tick s and ~to rw~ ;
It's the bathtub ~oa r That break s our b one~.

July, 1952

----------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT

Fire Trucks Need Radios
The Director desires to point out the great advantages resulting from equipping all fire department apparatus with two way radio equipment. It is the least expensive method of a ttaining maximum efficiency with the available apparatus and places the fire fighting force at the constant command of the chief, to be redirected, recalled, dispatched to other fires or other indicated action instantly.
The Fire Department should have its own radio system and not be imposed on the police radio system, which lowers efficiency of both of these esse-ntial services.
It is hoped that all Georgia cities will take steps to equip their own apparatus and assist neighboring towns in working out their communication problems, perhaps making available the facilities of the larger city so as to eliminate cost of a base station for the smaller towns. This would be to the mutual advantage of all concerned.
By the use of selective calling the alarm can be given to small neighboring towns by radiq thus saving expensive leased circuits i the larger city makes available its fire alarm bureau for receiving telephoned reports of fires. In. some c1t1es employing volunteers all members are called at their homes by radio by pressing a button at fire alarm headquarters in nearby larger cities.
ARE YOUR
Shelters M.arked?

Atlanta Needs Engineer Help.
ATLANTA has added shelter space located in the Rhodes Haverty Building to its growing list of shelters. The areas which are to be designated as shelter space are located in the basement and in hallways on all floors with the excep ti'on of the uppermost three stories.
Under the direction of George (Pup) Phillips, Atlanta Civil Defedse Director, Mack Tucker, a prominent architect, is heading up a committee of engineers and architects who are making the surveys of many of the modern office buildings in Atlanta to locate shelter space in existing buildings.
Mr. Tucker is making good progress on his endeavor but is hampered by insufficient numbers of technical volunteers. He is very desirous of soliciting the help of technically trained engineering and construction people on this very vital program. Anyone interested in contributing a small amount of his time to further the shelter program may do so by calling Mac Tucker, Jr., at ALpine 2140, Atlanta.
Warning Net
Enlarged
Ernest Vandiver, Georgia State Director, recently announced that equipment has been ordered which will provide a State wide Air Raid Warning System which will warn all cities with a population of 8000 or more.

CD In Schools
Is Off The Press
The long awaited FCDA publication, "Civil Defense in Schools" is out. It is one of the technical manuals and has the number TM..16-l. It is intended as a guide primarily for local and state superintendents of schools in organizing and operating programs for the self protection of schools and their personnel. It is the responsibility of the superintendent to see that appropriate defense measures are taken by the schools within his jurisdiction.
Copies of the pamphlet may be obtained from the Superintendent ~f Documents, Washington 25, D.C. at 15 cents each, or from the local Civil Defense Director.
Bomber Plant Makes Shelters
The Georgia Division of Lockheed Aircraft Corporation at Marietta is making engineering investigations to provide their employees with suitable shelter areas.
Mr. David Hollub, Civil Defense
Director for the Lockheed Plant, announced tentative plans, after consulting with state and local civil defense engineers, for providing shelter space in an area which lies below the basement floor of one of the buildings.
Mr: William Kerns, Engineer for
the State Civil Defense Division,

A "Letter to the Editor" in a

The facilities of the State Patrol commented that the space in

Detroit paper asks, "Just where are Communication System will be question is very desirable in that

these air raid shelters?".

utilized. Selective calling devices it affords extremely good protection

That question might be applicable will activate receivers and sound structurally from blast and also

to your city too. Has your Civil an alarm when men are not on good protection both laterally and

Defense Director surveyed existing watch and the alert is broadcast. vertically from nuclear radiation.

buildings for suitability for shelter, State Patrol Stations will pass the

Mr. R. B. Dyer of Lockheed's

and has he posted signs indicating where the shelters are? The State Shelter Engineer is ready to help

alert to municipal police or fire departments. It is the responsibility of local authorities to .provide the

Plant Engineer Depdl'ttnent is making the engineeril.g investigations to detel'llline the costs of

him whenever he gets ready to proper action to warn the inhabi- providing adequate access to this

start it.

tants.

area for personnel of the Plant.

July, 1952

3

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

MUSANTE'S CREW LEADS STATE

Savannah is forging ahead of other communities in the state in designating shelter areas in its down town buildings.
Up to date figures reveal that Mr. Carl Helfrich's Engineering Committee in that city has located sufficient shelter area to shelter approximately 3000 people.
Thus far, suitable areas of varying size have been located in the following btiildings: Realty Building, DeRenne Apartments, Liberty National Bank and Trust Building, Savannah Bank and Trust Building, Sears Roebuck and Company and the Savannah Hotel.

Additional shelter space has been located in these buildings and also the Savannah Fire Insurance Building and the Savannab Hotel Annex which will be suitable shelter space if minor modifications can be effected in these areas in time of an emergency. This additional space will offer shelter to an additional 3000 people.
State Director Ernest Vandiver praised Mr. Otarles Musante, Savannah's Civil Defense Director, and Mr. Helfrich and his committee's efforts very highly and added the hope that other Georgia communities will soon follow.

IN THE EVENT OF AN
ENEMY ATTACK
THIS HIGHWAY
I
WILL BE CLOSED
TO ALL TR.AFFIC EXCEPT
CIVIL DEFENSE &. MILITARY: VEHICLE

ERNEST VANDIVER

STATE DIRECTOR

JUST A REMINDER-In case of emergency, such as an atomic bomb dropping,certain highways leading to and from cities will be reserved for Civil Defense vehicles. Here Civil Defense Director of Atlanta Municipal Area, Pup Phillips, and Assistant Deputy Director far Georgia, Col. Charles White are viewing the first sign to be
erected in Atlanta.

THE DIRECTOR SAYS
(Continued from Page 1)
on the alert day and night. If we are going to be prepared
for the modern war we have got to get rid of our atomic ostrichism. We have got to accept the fact that a new dimension has been added to warfare. It is a dimension that adds reach to the attack; that enables it to bypass and overshoot our traditional defenses and strike at the very root of our strength- our people and our cities. This new dimension wipes out the distinction between combatant and noncombatant. It makes civilians on the home front as vulnerable to death and injuries as soldiers on the firing line. It makes our own backyards today the front lines of tomorrow.
Civil Defense, like charity, is / something that begins at home. Everyone of us can take the time ( to learn the simple things we need to know in order to protect ourselves from enemy attack. Everyone of us can take the time to make sure that the members of our families are trained in self-protection and that our homes are prepared with the supplies and facilities that will be worth their weight in gold, if attack should come.
You can't have bread if you won't put in the yeast. We will not get the bread of survival if we leave out the yeast of Civil Defense.
* * ..
"And when the rain falls, does it ever get up again?"
"Oh, yes, in dew time."

6ll: ' 0 N HWJ8 d 'D~ 'DlUD llV
OIVd 3~V.LSOd 'S'n ~ 'll'1' d '99',. ;,as

'D~ 1 DlUDJlV '3'5 '8AV 8lDJapolUO:) '3 656
uo!S!"!O asuolO 1!"!::> asulO lo ,uawpodea

\.., S2c:;_
(\
+-
-r'"I '
-
-t

THE GEORGIA

~'-----------D-e-pa-r-tm-e-n-t -o-f -D-e-f-en-s-e,--C-iv-il--D-ef-e-ns-e--D-iv-i-si-on-,--~r---~~--~~~~------~-to-r-----------

t Vol. 2, No. 8

Atlanta, Ga.

August, 1952

.f-
N ewsb,oys flitn---C.i"A~~ VILLE

SHELTER PROGRAM Newsboys of Atlanta recruited
over three thousand Civil Defense

workers for Director George M. Phillips last month. Each delivery boy canvassed the people on his route and urged them to volunteer for service.

AS THE RESULT of a shelter survey begun recently in Gainesville, citizens of that community can rest more easily knowing that there is shelter space available to

accommodate about a thousand

Pilots Will Assist people in the Dixie Hunt Hotel. Mr. William Kerns and Mr. Earl

Civil Defense

Mader, Engineers for the State and Regional Federal Civil Defense

ERHEST VANDIVER

The "Pilots", a well known Office respectively, located the

THE DIRECTOR SAYS ...

womens organization, has undertaken the project of recruiting, training, and supervising, under the Municipal Civil Defense Communi-

shelter space on a recent trip to that city.
Mr. C. j. Cheves, Gainesville Civil Defense Director, stated that

Air Force Secretary Finletter called a conference on 16 June, 1952, at the Pentagon, for the

cation Officers' direction, the
manning ol radio and telephone
circuits in the Control Centers of

additional shelter space will probably be made available as soon as surveys of other buildings

State Civil Defense Directors of cities above 8000 population. As in that community can be completed.

this entire nation. The result of the membership is composed of

this eight-hour conference was the conviction by the Civil - Defense

business women it is felt that an intelligent and versatile group will

STATE WARNING NET

Directors of 27 coastal and border provide leadership and enthusiasm

The General Electric Company

states that an around-the-clock to the project and keep interest has delivered the Tone signalling

watch by the thousands of Ground alive.

equipment for the Georgia State Air

Observers across the Nation was

Raid Warning Net. The radio

vitally necessary.

technicians of the State Patrol are

General Nathan F. Twining, acting head of the Air Force, said

FIRST AID

now installing this equipment at the various State Patrol stations.

that the Russians soon may have enough atomic bombs to launch a

INSTRUCTORS

As each station is equipped it joins the Net. Each State Patrol station,

surprise attack "plus a substantial

In communities where the Red on the Net, is responsible for

reserve for succeeding tries if the Cross chapter of that locality is delivering the war,ning to the

~

first should fail." He added that unable to furnish instructors for nearest Municipal Police Depart-

the Russians have developed a

First Aid classes, the Civil De- ment. Thus the warnin~ will reach

powerful long-range bomber capable of delivering atomic bombs to any of our critical target cities. This

fense Director should notify the State Office of Civil Defense and they will arrange with the South-

all cities of 8000 or more. The local Director of Civil Defense must arrange for dissemination of the

has been disclosed before by a
See THE DIRECTOR, Page 4

eastern or State Rea Cross to furnish them .

warning after it reaches the Municipal Police station.

THE ALERT--------------------------------------

VANDIVER ENLARGES

T,lephone People

WOMEN'S COMMITTEE t.. Should Advise

Ernest Vandiver, State Director of Civil Defense, has just announced the enlarging of the Women's Committee for Civil Defense for- the State of Georgia.
In addition to Mrs. Gertrude Harris, Chairman, Mrs. Fred Knight, Mrs. Ralph Fowler and Mrs . Harold B. Hodgson who make up the present committee, Mr. Vandiver has written letters of appointment to key women in every area of our State and to the presidents of the state-wide women's organizations.
The initial meeting of this State Civil Defense Women's Advisory Committee will be held on Tuesday, August 26th, at 9:30 A. M. at the Atlanta Y. W. C A. at which time Certificates of Appointment will be presented.
This ceremony will be followed by a training-conference at which time such subjects as the National and International situation and need
I
for Civil Defense, Civil Defense at the State and local level, Civil Defense Services, and women's participation in Civil Defense will be taken up, as well as, a discussion of the programs and projects which are being done and can be undertaken by organized women's groups . Exhibits and materials are being prepared to give this committee information about our whole program of Civil Defense.
Director Vandiver feels that with this Women's Advisory Committee as an integral part of our Civil Defense forces in Georgia we may look forward to a good job being done in every community, and great strides being made in realizing our goals of developing a better understanding of Civil Defense and its importance in modern warfare; enlisting the active participation of all our citizens in volunteer state and community Civil Defense activities in order to insure minimum loss of life, minimum fear and panic, high public morale, full

individual participation' in Civil Defense activities, and maximum maintenance of productive capacity; and of encouraging everyone to take protective measures to safeguard the individual and the family against atomic attack, biological and chemical warfare and sabotage, and to be prepared to act in emergencies.
FCDA Urges ./
City Stockpile
Cities and towns should build a stockpile of all emergency supplies necessary for at least the first four hours following enemy attack, the Federal Civil Defense Administration warned.
The Administration said it would take that long for State and Federal supply services to come to the aid of a stricken community with the additional food, medical supplies, clothing, fuel and other materials necessary to relieve suffering and make emergency repairs to property.
"Every city must be prepared to survive and to help others that may be stricken", continued the FCDA.
Under the Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950, the States and communities have the primary responsibility for civil defense supply. The FCDA provides necessary coordination and guidance, and some financial and material help.
FCDA recommends that dur.ing emergency first priority on available supplies be assigned to casualty relief activities such as hospitals, first-aid stations and mass care centers. It also suggested that an emergency plan for local use to be placed in operation immediately after an attack to equalize food distribution and prevent "panic buyers" from hoarding food.

Many City Directors have appointed the local District Manager of the Telephone Company to staff duty as Communication Officer. These men are eminently qualified but have so many problems of their own that many of them cannot devote the time or attention to Civil Defense Communications that the task requires.
It is therefore suggested that these men be placed in an advisory capacity or that they appoint an assistant who can devote more time t.o organizing the Civil Defense Communication setup and who can be present to direct communication activities in the Control Center during an emergency, relying on the many years of experience of the Telephone Company District Managers for guidance.
Suicide a Crime
A Jersey City lawyer by the name of Hiram Elfenbein refused to obey instructions in an air raid test. He was arrested and charged with disorderly conduct, found guilty, and given a 30 day sentence. He appealed the case.
It is pointed out that even suicide is an offense against the State.
A.M.A. PRINTS CD BOOK
The American Medical Association has published a new booklet on "Medical Aspects of Civil Defense". It is a reprint of articles that have been appearing in the Journal of the AMA. They sell for 25 each or 20 in quantities . of 100 or more.
They may be obtained from C. Joseph Stetler, Secretary, AMA, 535 N. Dearborn St., Chicago 10, Illinois.

2

August, 1952

--------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT

Legion Post To "The Nurse In CD" Hodgson Is First

Form Aid Units Is Off Press Woman Director

The Georgia Department of the

More than a million nurses of

An important change in city

American Legion is urging Posts to various kinds will be needed to

Civil Defense Directors took place

organize Mobile First Aid Stations take care of the casualties if we

in Athens recently. Mrs. Harold B.

in forty different locatione in should have an atomic attack. The

Hodgson who has been chairman of

Georgia. Instructions on just how new booklet published by FCDA on the American Legion Auxiliary

to do this were distributed at the "The Nurse in Civil Defense" State C. D. Committee for the past

convention in Macon and newly gives the details of what will be

year has replaced Col. F. W.

elected officials pledged their needed. In addition to registered Whitney who has been working hard

services in pushing the project. nurses we will need practical

in the job for several months. Col.

Georgia could use a hundred such nurses, nurse's aides, home nurses, Whitney resigned be cause he did

mobile units, and any civic or first aiders, and plain volunteers

not have the time to devote to the

other organization wishing to without nursing training to do some project.

organize one should communicate of the things ordinarily done by

Mrs . Hodgson attended the C. D.

with the Georgia State Director, nurses.

Staff College at Olney, Md., last

Ernest Vandiver, at Georgia CD

The new manual has been distrib- year in preparation for her work with

Headquarters.

uted to State nursing associations, the American Legion. She has had

and may be obtained from the

many pos1t10ns of responsibility

New YorkerSays Superintendent of Documents at Washington for twenty cents.
CD Is Permanent

in women's organizations and is well qualified to be a C. D. Director. Incidentally, she is the first woman director in Georgia.

Director Wallender of New Y6rk
Radio Hookup Grows City speaking to a meeting of The Albany Gets Association of Advertising Men

said that the people who make misleading public statements that "we are in no danger of atomic

Agreements have been consumated whereby the radio communication systems of the "Georgia Forestry

New Director

-)

attack" have created the worst

Commission", "Georgia Cracker

A new Civil Defense Director has

problem in Civil Defense, public

Emergency Net", "Civil Defense been added to the list of city

apathy. He stated that CD is here Disaster Net" and "Civil Air directors this month. Albany has

to stay, and no future city adminis-

Patrol Net" will be available for been searching for months for a

tration can afford to abandon it.

Civil Defense cormnunications man qualified to head up this

between principal Georgia cities important pos1tlon and at last

Industrial Plants

and the State Director in case of enemy attack or state of war. Steps

they have secured Col. L. Earl Robinson, a retired Army officer,

r ..

Vital To C.D.

are being taken to implement these agreements.

to take the place. He has been assured by all of the civic clubs

An Informational Letter is being

and city officials that he will be

issued to all Civil Defense Directors in Georgia on industrial participation in Civil Defense.

BELL HOLDS CD CLASSES

given absolute cooperation in giving Albany a Civil Defense organization second to none in the

Since the whole idea of Civil

The Southern Bell Telephone state.

Defense is to keep the industrial

Company held a three day Civil

potential of this country from being Defense course in Atlanta last

Love quickens all senses except

knocked by a "Pearl Harbor"

month which representatives from the common one.

attack with atomic bombs it sounds all over the southeast attended.

reasonable that industry itself ought to do all it can to protect

These people will return to their local Bell stations and organize

The biggest dog once was a pup.

itself.

them for CD protection.

CD Directors should take the

The Southern Bell is probably Today I want to speak to you

initiative in getting industrial farther along with their CD planning straight from the shoulder.

plants started with their organiza- now than any other large qorporation My wife says it is too bad I don't

r

tion.

in this area.

speak from a little higher up.

August, 1 952

3

THE ALERT-------------------------------------------------------------------------

FIVE GEORGIANS IN

RESCUE SCHOOL

FCDA'S Eastern Training School resounded with the strains of Dixie last month. The rescue school at Ogontz Center, Pa., was graced by the presence of five Georgians, all seeking knowledge in the techniques of rescue operations.
.The total enrollment at this session of the rescue school numbered thirty-two (a record to date) and those in attendance from Georgia were: Earl Mader, Engineer, Atlanta Regional office FCUA; Col. Thomas House, Civil Defense Coordinator, Georgia State Highway Department; Mr. James
Greene and Mr. Robert McDonald,
both Deputy Civil Defense Direc-

tors, Savannah CD Office, and William F. Kerns, Engineer, Georgia State Department of Defense.
The course was of two weeks duration and consisted mainly of actual rescue practice on the . training ground. The school has gone to great lengths to provide realistic conditions by constructing a street consisting of various types of bombed out buildings and heaps of rubble.
New courses at the F .C.D.A.'s Eastern Training School start every two weeks and are open to the public. Those interested in attending can receive detailed information on the School from the State Civil Defense Office.

THE DIRECTOR SAYS
{Continued from Page 1)
number of top Air Force Officers. lnte ll ige nee Officers reported
that Russia now has at least twice as many first rate combat aircraft as the United States. The actual figures revealed are these: Russia has about 20,000 aircraft in 250 Wings compared with 10,000 for the United States in 143 Wings , NOT ACTUAL but PLANNED by 1955. Russia has a 20,000 plane reserve compared with almost none for this country.
Mr. George Kennan, U.S. Ambassador to Russia reported to our President recently that the "hate America" campaign behind the Iron Curtain had been intensified, especially for home consumption.
According to Mr. Kennan, the
Kremlin leaders are not whipping 200 million sub,iects into a frenzy of hate simply for the perverse fun of it.
It has been said that history is the philosophy of teaching by experience. Has the history of Pearl Harbor taught us anything? Hamburg thought Civil Defense unnecessary and became a shambles. Hiroshima and Nagasaki should be burnt into our minds deeper than the scar left by those two atom bombs.
From the foregoing it is obvious that we must proceed immediately with our Civil Defense Program in Georgia and especially our Ground Observer Corps Program.

Typical scene at F.C. D. A.'s Rescue School at Ogontz Center, Penna.

An average is just the poorest of the good and the best of the lousy.

o~ o,uoiY
'3 s e"'lt a,o,epojUO:J '3 6S6
uo!S!"!O esuelea I!'!:> aSU8j80 jO ,uewpodea

THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division,

t Vo l. 2, No. 9

Atlanta, Ga.

September, 1952

F.C.D.A.B

ETS

UP CIVIL DEFENSIE CORPS

A new Advisory Bulletin, No. 119, control of any Local Civil Defense

has been received from the FCDA Corps. At the request of any State

which clarifies the picture of just Directcr the Federal Administrator

what may be done in regard to may assume operational control

wearing Civil Defense insignia, over the Civil Defense Corps of

and emphasizes the fact that there such state.

is a penalty of a Sl,OOO fine and

Part 1708 of the regulation states

one year in prison for falsely that no person shall possess,

wearing a C.D. insigne.

display, wear, or use an official

This bulletin establishes the article (arm band, badge, hat band,

!'

ERHEST VJ.HDIVER

United States Civil Defense helmet, sticker, etc.) unless he or

THE DIRECTOR

CORPS., which consists of the she is a member of or a registrant separate State CD CORPS, and the for membership in a Civil Defense

_, SAYS ...

Local CD CORPS. Certain papers have to be filled out and signed by the Governor and State Director

Corps, and in any case he or she must have on her person a membership card or other identification

Civil Defense IS a new dimension

before the State organization evidencing such status. In time of

in community thought and service!

becomes a part of the United States emergency, however, this shall not

Our first job is to create an under- Corps, and the same formality has apply to anyone performing a Civil

s tanding of this new dimension and to be pursued in order to make a Defense function pursuant to

its implications for our survival,

local CD Corps officially be a instructions from a Civil Defense

individually and as members of a

part of the State Corps. Legislation Director.

c ommunity.

now in Congress for. the benefit of

We look naturally to our American institutions for leadership in this task. We must look to our educators,

CD personnel will apply only to those who are officially enlisted in the Civil Defen.'le Corps.

"ALERT" SUSPENDS PUBLICATION

fr om the kindergarten to the uni-

The Ground Observer Corps

The Federal Civil Defense

versity level, to pioneer in helping although under the control of The "ALERT" which was published

us build into the educational

Department of the Air Force relies for more than a year in Washington

thought and practices the substance

for its recruiting and administration to keep the country informed on

of this new dimension.

upon the Civil Defense Corps, Civil Defense matters has sus-

In your plans for the mobilization

therefore its personnel would be pended publication. The cutting of

of education's great resources in

included in any protection given by the CD appropriation from

the nation's services, I ask that you federal legislation fer CD personnel. S600,000,000 down to $43,000,000

give Civil Defense a priority equal

Another clarification is that the has not only meant a reduction in

to t hat accorded any other phase of State Civil Defense Director shall personnel but a great many of the

the defense effort.

supervise and coordinate the CD educational features are being

What then is education's role in

activities of a 11 Civil Defense eliminated.

the development of the national

Corps within the State, and may

The "Georgia Alert" will

See THE DIRECTOR, Page 4

assume directional or operational continue publication as usual.

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director CHARLES T. WHITE Assistant Deputy Director WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Ollicer ROBERT W. FINLEY Communication 011/cer MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director M. L. LEGGETT Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
EDITOR THINKS CD IS JOB
OF J. Q. PUBLIC
The Lorain (Ohio) Journal and Times Herald says that Congress is not the one who is holding back Civil Defense, but that the fault lies with the ordinary citizen who says, "If you want to save my life you will have to appropriate money to do it". The editor says it is the local citizen or government that should worry itself with Civil Defense, and if it fails it is basically a local problem.
Just goes to show you that there are two sides to every question.
Most of us think that the problem must be solved by a combination of local volunteer work and federal appropriation.
SIRENS IN NEW ORLEANS
FOR C. D. ONLY
After December 31, 1952 sirens in New Orleans will be used only to indicate a CD attack warning. The city ordinance that becomes effective then will require all ordinary emergency vehicles to use exhaust whistles, bells, horns, or some other means of warning the public to get out of the way.
2

Ernest Vandiver, State Director of Clvif Defense is shown with Mrs. Gertrude Harris, Chairman of the Women's Advisory Committee for Civil Defense, just before the above-mentioned committee held their first meeting at the YWCA In Atlanta on 26 August.

WOMEN'S COUNCIL HOLDS

FIRST MEETING IN ATLANTA

There were one hundred and forty registered at the Civil Defense Conference for Women Leaders held last month at the Atlanta Y.W.C.A. The occasion was the initial meeting of the State Women's Advisory Committee who represent seventy state-wide women's organizations and leaders from every area of Georgia.
Director Ernest Vandiver made the keynote address on the subject, "The National and International Situation and the Need for Civil Defense", following his presentation of Certificates of Appointment.
Federal, State and Local Civil Defense was discussed by Colonel Harry E. Brown of the Regional Office, General Frank A. Kopf of the State Office, and George M. Phillips, Atlanta Director, and Mrs. Harold B. Hodgson, Athens Director. The operational services were explained and women's part pointed up by members of the state and regional staffs: Edgar P.
James. Dr. Edgar M. Dunstan, Karl

Reiser, Win. F. Kerns, Robert W. Finley, and Major Edmund F. Shaheen.
The afternoon session was given over to Women's Participation in Civil Defense, which was discussed by Mrs. J. T. deJarnette, Regional Assistant Director for Women's Affairs.
Georgia's Home and Family Plan which centers around Self-Protection, Home-Protection, and Community-Protection was presented by Mrs. John G. Lewis, Coordinator of Women's Activities. She suggested that this plan be adopted by all women's groups and urged that every woman take protective measures to safeguard the individual and the family against atomic attack, biological and chemical warfare and sabotage, and to be prepared to act in emergencies.
Exhibits, literature, discussion periods and movies were featured in order to tell the whole story of Civil Defense and the part that women must play.

SEPTEMBER, 1952

----------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT

SAVANNAH G0 C

ARMED FORCES IN CIVIL LACK OF MONEY

IS UNDER WAY

DEFENSE
An FCDA advisory bulletin

CLOSES SCHOOL

Charles J. Musante, Savannah issued recently pointed out that the

The niggardly policy of the U.S.

Civil Defense Director, is spear- armed forces will support Civil Congress in dealing with Civil

heading an organization designed Defense subject to the following: Defense in cutting the requested

to set up the required number of limitations:

appropriation of $600,000,000 down

Observation Posts and other activi-

1. Provided that there is not a to $43,000,000 has caused a shrink-

ties connected with perfecting higher military pri<rity.

age in FCDA activities already. It

Civil Defense in accord with

2. Provided that personnel, equip- has caused the closing of the

t

instructions from the Federal Civil ment and facilities are present and Central Training School at Still-

.;

Defense Administration and the available at the time.

water, Oklahoma, and the Eastern

Ge orgia Department of Defense.

Military installations located in Training School at Ogontz, Penn., as

Plans of the U.S. Air Force call certain strategic areas may he well as the curtailing of activity at

for the establishment of ten (10) considered as mutus! aid groups the Staff College in Olney, Md.

Ground Observer Posts in Chatham and arrangements for such partici- After Augnst 17 CD training may

County. CD Director Musante pation should he made by the he obtained only at Olney, Md., and

advises that "w<rk in establishing appropriate local CD directors at the Western Training School at

these posts is well under way."

directly with the military com- St. Marys, Calif<rnia.

The Savannah Filter Center is manders.

Director Ernest Vandiver reminds

func tioning according to plan, and

all Local Directors in Georgia that

within the next few weeks classes for volunteer workers will he held

C.D. MEETING AT NEW ORLEANS

we still have vacancies for all future classes in the Staff College

daily during the week, both afternoon and evening.

There will he a meeting of all

at Olney in the Fire and Rescue course, and also in the Administra-

State Civil Defense Directors at tive course. The cost is $25 per

..

INFORMATION NEEDED

New Orleans on September 25, 26 and 27. General B. W. Chidlaw and

week including hoard and room, and the expense must he home by the

During the next few months the and Administrat<r Millard Caldwell

individual or whoever sends him or

Area Directors will fill out an all

have both been secured to speak.

her. Applicants may he recruited

inclusive f<rm f<r each city in their

from among industrial plants, as

territory giving essential Civil Defense inf<rmation. Names and

NEW YORK HAS "ANIMAL AIDES"

well as municipalities and other civic minded organizations.

telephone numbers of important CD

officials will he listed, and strength

In New York one section of the

of the city fire trucks, police, hospital capacity, rooming and

Health Services has the job of taking care of animals that may

COCKE TO HELP IN

feeding capacity and other data will he included. Every city CD

need attention after an atomic blast. One hundred men and women

TRANSPORATATION

Direct<r is requested to get this completed a four week training

inf<rmation ready so it will he course last winter under the

Mr. Charles W. Cocke has been

handy when the Area Direct<r gets American Society for the Prevention added to the Region III staff as

around your way.

of ~uelty to Animals, and have Transportation Coordinator. He will

been sw<rn in as "animal aides" have his office in the building at

BOMB RES.ISTANT BUILDINGS POSSIBLE

by the CD office. The New York Times of July 31 describes a demonstration by these aides held

Buckhead that houses the remainder of the Regional officers.
Mo. Cocke will he available to

A new FCDA hooklet entitled in Harlem.

anybody in the southeastern area

" An Interim Guide for the Design

who is in need of advice on Civil

of Buildings Exposed to Atomic

Money voted f<r Civil Defense Defense transportation matters.

Blast" prepared at the request of after the first flock of bombs fall He will visit all of the larger cities

builders, engineers and contractors will he practically useless, says during the next couple of months.

s tates that for three percent addi- Administrat<r Caldwell.

During the past war he served

cost a multistory building may he

with the Chief of Transportation of

made atomic blast resistant. It

Cement producers of the San the War Department, and previous

would he well worth this money to Bernadino area in Calif<rnia are to that he had worked for the

relieve the persons employed in sponsoring and training demolition Illinois Central and the Missouri

the building of worry.

teama f<r Civil Defense.

Pacific.

SEPTEMBER, 1952

3

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

COL. DUNSTAN

COLLEGES TEACHING CIVIL DEFENSE

THE DIRECTOR SAYS

GETS A.WARD
Colonel Edgar M. Dunstan ~

Several colleges are conducting courses in Civil Defense for the benefit of teachers who will transmit the information on to their

commanding officer of the 358th

pupils. Auburn, in cooperation

General Hospital (Reserve) of

with the FCDA, is conducting a

Atlanta, Ga., was presented with

one week course with Dr. Clyde

the Third Army C.ertifi eate of

Meredith, chief of the FCDA school

Achievement Monday, 21 July,

branch carrying the big load.

1952, at Fort Benning, Ga., where

Toledo University has a one

his unit was on summer field

hour credit course this summer on

training.

"The School and Civil Defense"

Presentation was made by ' m which City Civil Defense

Colonel Wilbur H. Vinson, Chief Director More 1s working with

of the Georgia Military District,

1 ' summer

sessions

director

The Certificate of Achievement

Kirschner.

was presented to Colonel Duns tan

for his "outstanding performance in preparing medical aspects of Georgia's Civil Defense plans."

MARIETTA TRAINS POLICE AUX.ILIARIES

Colonel Dunstan is assistant

One class of auxiliary police has

director of the Medical Service

already been trained in Marietta,

Branch for Georgia's Civil Defense ; and another class will begin its

deputy director, Medical Aid and training soon we are informed by

Health Services, Atlanta Metro-

Howell Ravan, CD Director for

politan Civil Defens e Area and

Marietta. This city is part of the

chairman of the Medica l Civilian

Atlanta Metropolitan Area under

Preparedness Committee.

Director "Pup" Phillips who

His certificate stated in part:

states that one of the sub-control

"Colonel Dunstan, through his centers of Atlanta will be placed

initiative, organization, adminis-

in Marietta. The Lockheed bomber

trative and professional ability pl ant has its own organization for

furthered and implemented the

Civil Defense with Dave Holluh

medical phase of the Civil Defense

as Director.

Program for the State of Georgia.

His outstanding leadership, sound

incentive fer future operations.

judgement, foresight, and exception- The outstanding manner in which

al ability as a planner and organi- Colonel Dunstan performed all

zer, contributed substantially in duties in connection with these

welding units into organizations programs reflects great credit to

whose readiness for all eventuali- himself, the Organized Reserve

ties within the state is well known. Corps and Third Army."

The results of his efforts have

Colonel Dunstan lives at 604

been, and will continue to be, an Ponce de Leon Place, Decatur, Ga.

(Continued from Page 1)
civil defense program? It falls into two broad categories:
(l) effective leadership at the community level and (2) participation in civil defense educational and training programs.
The educator, whether he be an administrator or teacher, has long been looked upon as a community leader. He sets an ~xample for others to follow in civic affairs. In civil defense, community leadership is the most important element in the enlistment and training of volunteer civil defense corps.
Don't wait until others volunteer for civil defense. Enlist in your local civil defense programs now and encourage others to do so. Offer your individual services for the big training job that must he done .
I am confident that Georgia Educators will meet the challenge of civil defense in the same vigorous spirit with which they responded in other periods oi national crisis. Our educators have never failed to meet America's needs.
REMOVE tD STICKERS FROM VEHICLES
It is called to the attention of all CD Directors that decals, bumper-strips, stickers and things of that sort attached to vehicles should he used only w bile the vehicle is being used for Civil Defense purposes. If used in a parade or exercise, they should he removed from the vehicle thereafter.

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THE GEORGIA

rf

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Erne

Vol. 2, No. 10

Atlanta, Ga.

October, 1952

WOMEJI'S CLU FOR CIVIL DEFENSE

The Georgia Federation ot will be given at the annual con-

Women's Clubs, now in its fifty- vention to the club in the state

sixth year, a non-partisan and judged to be the most outstanding.

non-sectarian organization whose

This women's organization, with

object is to foster mutual counsel more than 300 local clubs and

and helpfulness and to unite the 20,000 members is the first in

influence and service of women in Georgia to integrate Civil Defense

promoting educational, civic, soc~l into every phase of its program.

a..ad moral advancement in the With an enviable record of achieve-

ERHEST VANDIVER

state, has approved Civil Defense as the major project of this adrnin-

ments in other fields Georgia Federation of Women's Clubs can

THE DIRECTOR

isttation. Mrs. Chester E. Martin, president
in her first communication to

be counted upon to make an outstanding contribution to the success of Civil Defense in our state.

SAYS
An effective civil defense program
is a strong force for peace!

state officers and chairmen and local presidents said, "Officially through resolutions approved at our national and state conventions

ELLIS WHITEHEAD DALTON DIRECTOR

T here is no inconsistency in this we, as an organization, and as

Ellis Whitehead has been appoint

statement. And, it is not based on individuals, have pledged our entire ed Civil Defense Director of Dalton

tht: fact that civil defense has facilities and efforts to Civil by Governor Talmadge following

't

already in its short life proved Defense - a program vital to our his nomination by Mayor Carlton

itself an invaluable life and property American security. Each division McCamy. Director Whitehead

saver in peacetime disasters such and department of Georgia Federa operates laundries in Dalton,

as floods, storms, fires, and earth-. tion, therefore, is responsible for Cartersville, and Cleveland, and

quakes.

implementing some part of the Civil had extended experience in the

The objective of our foreign Defense program."

manufacture of textiles following

policy is to do away with war. We

All chairmen are urged to help his graduation from Georgia Tech

are striving to build up our defenses promote 100 per cent registration in 1~2 in that subject. He also

to the point where they will be so of the members in state and local commanded a unit in the Georgia

strong that no potential enemy will Civil Defense service. Club State Guard during World War II

dare test them.

activities will vary and adjust to when it was a part of the Civilian

A strong civil defense is a major the requirements of state and local Defense organization.

part of this deterrent program. Civil Defense Directors in the big

Whitehead will have the enthusi-

Civil defense, then, like a strong job. Georgia clubwomen will carry astic support of all of the civic

armed force, is not just a shield their share of the load.

clubs of Dalton as well as from the

but a sword. It can actually help

A certificate of achievement schools, boy scouts, and American

hold the enemy at bay. If the enemy will be presented to the club in Legion. His first job is to organize

knows that he can demoralize us by each of the ten districts doing the a staff to take care of the detail

f

a n all-out attack 011 the home front; most outstanding work in Civil work, and that is now we ll under

See THE DIRECTOR, Page 4

Defense and a spec ial citation way.

THE ALERT--------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION
959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
ERNEST VANDIVER
Dintctor
FRANK A. KOPF
Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE
Assistant Deputy Director
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Ollicer ROBERT W. FINLEY
Communication Officer
MRS. JOliN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
M. L. LEGGETT Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
PILOTS CLUB ACTIVE
Miss Nell Frazer of Columbus, Chairman of Civil Defense for the Pilot Club in Georgia, presented Mrs. John G. Lewis, co-ordinator of women's activities, Lieutenant Commander Robert W. Finley, co-ordinator of communications, and Colonel William F. Kerns, chief of engineering from the State Civil Defense Staff at a workshop session of Pilot Fall Council meeting in Perry, September 13.
The purpose of the workshop was to give information to the 130 delegates concerning the need for civil defense and what individual members can do in the way of selfprotection and home-protection as well as serve in the local community as an organization.
Miss Frazer announced that the communications service and shelter survey have been chosen as projects to be undertaken by the Pilots all over the state working with the local Civil Defense director.
Miss Elizabeth Greene, district governor, said that Pilots always do a good job of w bttever they undertake and pledged the cooperation of the entire membership in this vital field of service.

SKIES TO BE CLEARED
FOR CIVIL.DEFENSE
Civil and Military aviation chief~ have drafted a plan for quickly clearing U.S. skies of civil planes during any enemy air attack. Other steps for lesser emergencies also were announced by Defense and Commerce Departments and private flying groups. The goal is to keep civilian planes from interfering with radar or visual spotting of invading aircraft and counteraction by U.S. ground and air defense.(N.Y. Times)
WHJTE PAINT RES.ISTS HEAT
Numerous people are inquiring whether a house painted white will resist catching fire from the "heat ray" of an atomic bomb more than one painted a darker color. The answer is "yes". It is a well known law of physics that white reflects heat rays, and black, or dark objects absorb them. When the heat ray is reflected the white object is heated very little. The black one absorbs practically all of the heat. As soon as an object absorbs enough heat to raise the temperature to the kindling point it catches fire.
LOCAL CD CORPS
NEEDS A P.1.0.
Many newspapers of New York State are making arrangements with smaller papers in nearby cities to use their presses in case their printing plant is bombed out. The staffs of the larger dailies may also suffer a great many casualties, and writers for the smaller sheets may someday find themselves working as emergency employees on one of the big dailies.
Every CD organization should have a public information officer to see that all news facilities get accurate information and get it quickly.

ADLAI SAYS HELP GOC
Speaking before the national convention of the Amer-ican Le.gion, Adlai Stevenson said: " We have not yet really faced up to the problem of defending our cities against the rapidly growing threat of Soviet air power. There is, for example, a great shortage of volunteers for our Civil Defense Ground Observer Corps ".
Here is one place where Democrats, Republicans, and Dixiecrats can all get into the act. They can all qualify as ground observers. Do you know where your nearest ground observer station is located? It is probably not more than four miles from your house, and your help would be appreciated.
Bill Tate, Dean of Men at the University of Georgia has accepted appointment as Deputy Civil Defense Director of Athens. He states that in case evacuees from a bombed area need a place to stay temporarily the full resources of the University will be available. This includes the Co-ordinate college, and Camp Wilkins as well as the regular dormitories and halls.
This announcement was made by Mrs. Harold Hodgson, CD Director of Athens.
Ways and means of insuring an adequate warning system for the general public in case of an enemy attack were among matters discussed in a two-day meeting in Atlanta of civil defense communications officials from five Southeastern states.
Host for the meeting which ended Wednesday, September 3rd, was Ernest Vandiver, Georgia civil defense director.
The representatives also discussed availability of funds for the purchase of warning equipment.
Col. Frank Milani, Civil Defense Director of Baltimore is awarding CD flags to the downtown office buildings where a CD organization has been adequately established.

2

OCTOBER, 1952

----------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT

MATCHING MONEY
AVAILABLE NOW
Ge orgia has tentatively been allotted $336,000 out of the fifteen million given to FCDA for matching purposes, It is divided up into $33,600 for Attack Warning, $67,200 fer Conununications, $44,800 for Fire Equipment, $33,600 for Rescue, $112,000 for Medical, and $44,800 for Training and Education and Public Information. These catagories are not iron clad, and funds may be transferred from one to the other with consent of FCDA.
Cities of Georgia proposing to use any of this matching money for sirens, fire equipment, radios, medical supplies and the like

RED CROSS WILL TRAIN WELFARE WORKERS
The Red Cross has indicated that it is ready to train people in Canteen Service wherever enough interested persons can be gotten together to start a class. Civil Defense Directors of cities should take advantage of this offer to get some of their Welfare Service personnel trained in one of the details that they must be informed about. Part of the job of the Welfare Service is to feed masses, and the same technique used by Red Cross in its canteen service would be used by Civil Defense.
These trained persons would also be a source from which Red Cross might get volunteers for its

CITIES KEEP TITLE
TO PROPERTY
The following excerpt frona a letter written by the Regional Office, FCDA to the State director dated May 14 will be of interest to City CD Directors:
"While we are required by the provisions of the Federal Civil Defense Act to make contributions only to States, there is no reason why title to equipment should not rest in a political subdivision of the State. I assume that in a case where a city furnishes the matching funds, title to the equipment will be in the city rath~r than in the State."

should get their request in early. Write to Ernest Vandiver, State Directoc for further informl'ltion.
AXSON RUNS NET
On 5 September, 1952, Mr. J. H.

own use in case of a disaster not of Civil Defense proportions, or for regular use in case of war.
The local Civil Defense should be ready to furnish the classrooms, equipment, and materials needed.

Jet plane power dives blasted San Francisco recently scaring the natives out of their wits. They awaited assurance from CD headquarters that the Russians were not over their heads, but nobody

Axsom of Atlanta, Georgia, was appointed Radio Officer, responsible to the..Coordinator of Communi-

NEWSPAPERS SIGN INTERNATIONAL PACT

went through the safety routine described in the CD manual. Just too scared. and anyway, no light.

cations, State Civil Defense Staff,

The newspapers and radio

in complit:ance with RACES Rules, for the purpose of administering the Georgia Cracker Net and integrating amateur radio operators belonging to other nets into the State wide communication setup for Civil Defense.

stations around Niagara Falls have formed an international agreement to operate as a "Public Information Division" of the community Civil Defense organization in case of emergency. Each employee is to take the oath and be issued a brassard for use when the time

Bruce Percy, the new Department Commander of the American Legion in New York has announced that the primary objective in his administration will be to lead the Legion in making CD click in New York.

MADER JOINS REGIONAL CD STAFF
The Atlanta Regional F.C.D.A. Office has secured the services of Earl E. Mader to ac t as Engineer Officer.
Mr. Mader graduated from Massa-
chusetts Institute of Technology in

comes. In gathering news and pictures, the bureau's prime functior is to secure casualty lists, details of damage, conditions at various centers and to disseminate such news, bulletins, orders, etc., as may be available or which are of such character as to allay panic or fear. As conservation of men and material probably would be para-

It is w\th deep regret that the Alert announces the untimely passing of Colonel David Mcintosh, lll, Civil Defense Direct<r f<r the State of Maryland, on 25 September,

Civil Engineering with the class of mount on such an occasion, it 1922. He did further graduate work might be that a surviving news-

1952. He was attending the conference of the

at M.I.T., Rutgers, and N.Y.U., and paper would publish an edition for

National Association

is a specialist in water supply and sewerage work.
Mr. Mader is available to all

the three or more newspapers in the target area. The end result will be that the normal functions

of Civil Defense Directors in New Orleans, of which organization he

cities within the Region for consultation on civil defense engineering problems.
OCTOBER, 1952

of supplying essential news will
be met. Rivals in peacetime, they
become allies in time of emergency.


was VicePresident. 3

THE A L E R T - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

LEGION SAYS KEEP CD SEPARATE
The American Legion failed to go along with the VFW in their request that Civil Defense be placed under the Department of Defense on the same plane as Army., Air Force, Navy and Marines. At the recent convention in New York the Legion refqsed to make,. anysuch recommendation, lmt did point out some things that could be done to improve Civil Defense. Unfortunately all of these suggestions cannot be carried out until there is a new administration in the White House.
VFW also requested that the GOC detail be turned over to them to run. This is against the CD policy because it might discourage other organizations desiring to work in that same field. However, one single observation post or one individual item of a program could well be turned over to a VFW or Legion Post for operation. This is to be encouraged, but some individual who can be held responsible tor its operation must be designated as the supervisor of the post.
In time of need no offer of help can be turned down, whether it is to help with the fire, police, medical, or some other service so long as the offer is in good faith and the persons competent to do the job.
Matching funds have been approved for 17 two way radios for fire trucks of Jefferson parish in Louisiana.

OKLAHOMA TAKES OVER
STILLWATER TRAINING
The State of Oklahoma took over the training school for wardens and rescue formerly run by the FCDA and discontinued when fundS" were not appropriated for its continuance. The same faculty and courses will be retained. This facility will be available for out-of-state students beginning Sept. 15 at $50 per week for tuition board and room. The full course is two weeks.
AIRPLANES MUST BE
REGISTERED
Every privately owned airplane in Georgia must be registered in the State Civil Defense Office. A great many owners have neglected this detail, but they are subject to prosecution for a misdemeanor for violating one of the Civil Defense Regulations. A reasonable time will be given for these owners to register their airplanes before a drive is made on the violators.
MATCHING FUNDS READY
Cities and towns within 100 miles of Atlanta will have the best chance getting FCDA matching funds for fire trucks this year. The regulation says that the pumper must be within supporting distance of a critical target.
Towns near any of the larger cities of Georgia, however, may come in for matching dollars for hose and other such equipment. Write to Ernest Vandiver, Director of Civil Defense for Georgia for particulars.

THE DIRECTOR SAYS
(Continued from Page 1)
if he knows we are not prepared for it; if he knows that our civil defense is ill-manned, ill-trained, illequipped, then we're giving him the kind of odds he likes. We're making it possible for him to attack us on the home front when, froni his point of view, it would be neither stupid nor criminal.
But if the enemy knows that millions of Americans are ready to move to action when attack comes; if he knows that we have thousands of rescue squads and tens of thousands of wardens and millions of Americans trained in first-aid, then the enemy will think twice before launching an attack. According to Lenin himself, an attack under such conditions would be both stupidity and a crime. A strong civil defense stands side by side with our armed forces as a deterrent to attack and thus helps serve the cause of peace in the world.
"Protect Our People First" is the first thought of everyone concerned with homefront preparedness in America.
"HAMS" HOLD TEST EXERCISE
More than 5,000 "Ham" radio operators enrolled in CD in the northeastern states held a 24 hour test exercise on October 4. This is the first large scale exercise to be held in the seven air channels that have been allotted to the CD "Ham" network in that area.

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THE GEORGIA
(\

,.

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Er

~ A~ tor

~~ --------------------------------------------------------------T-----------------------t-----------------

Vol. 2, No. 11

Atlanta, Ga.

November, 195A

AMERICAN LE.......

j

BEHIND CIVIL DEFENSE

ERHEST VANDIVER
THE DIRECTOR SAYS ...
I recently read a statement by the Honorable C. Elmer Anderson, Governor of the great State of Minnesota, which impressed me immensely. I would like to devote my column for this issue to the Governor's statement concerning the vital subject of civil defense, which is as follows:
Civil Defense is more than a plan and an organization. It is an aware ness upon the part of the entire civilian population, that in emergencies, both in war and in peace , our safety depends a great deal upon how much we help ourselves and our neighbors.
The great destructive power of the atom bomb might temporarily paralyze an entire community. Aid then would have to come from neighboring communities. Too much stress cannot be placed upon
See THE DIRECTOR, Page 8

The National Convention of the American Legion in New York this summer adopted several of the recommendations of its National Security Commission on the subject of Civil Defense. Resolutions came in from all over the country suggesting changes that should be made in the existing organization. These were considered very carefully by the National Security Commission, and those that were approved were sent to the convention for action.
Many of the resolutions carried the same spirit but used different words. The meat of these resolutions is embodied in the following thirteen items which were finally passed by the convention.
The "mandate" of the American Legion regarding "Skywatch" originated in the northwestern part of the country where they are very much opposed to the Civil Defense organization recruiting the help for the Ground Observation Corps. This feeling, is in general, not shared by the rest of the states. .It would be much too expensive to have none but enlisted and paid observers throughout the country.
(Resolution No. 627)
1. Demanded that Congress appropriate sufficient funds to finance full scale Nation wide educational and training program for Civil Defense. 2. Demanded immediate appointment

of new Federal Director of CD. 3. Offered such trained personnel for training and leadership as the American Legion possesses. 4. That posts throughout the nation offer the Civil Defense authorities all possible cooperation and, whereever possible, a post-financed and manned mobile rescue unit be ocganized.
(Resolution No. 626)
5. That the American Legion posts take the leadership in seeing that the community as a whole suppocts the civil defense organization, and where civil defense officials at any level of government, federal as well as local are not properly discharging their responsibilities, the local American Legion post take steps to see that proper changes are made. 6. That Congress enact laws to define in specific terms the area and limits of military jurisdiction and of martial law in the event of civil defense activities under enemy attack. 7. That Congress enact laws containing such safeguards as shall guarantee the full return of individual rights upon the termination of the civil defense emergency.
(Resolution No. 45)
8. That veterans be given preference in leadership in CD.
(Resolution No. 338 and 386 consolidated)
Con't. on Page 3

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Pub/ ishec! monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director CHARLES T. WHITE Assistant Deputy Director WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer ROBERT W. FINLEY Communication Officer MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director M. L. LEGGETT Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
NASHVILLE CD POLICE BUSY
Dming the Georgia-Vanderbilt football game and the visit of Senat<r and vice-presidential candidate Richard Nixon in Nashville last month the auxiliary police of Civil Defense turned out to help manage the crowds. The snappy appearance of these auxiliaries, uniformed with helmet and arm band, created favorable comment and gave Civil Defense some good publicity. They assisted the regular police in governing the flow of traffic. The Nashville auxiliary police are probably the most actively organized in the south. (Tenn. Bull. 38)
DIXIE IS REPRESENTED
Thirte en people from Tennessee and three from Atlanta were included in the last class at the Civil Defense Staff Coilege at Olney, Md. Several of them were women, and some of them were Civil Defense Dire ct <rs f<r industrial firms. They are all eligible to attend this college at cost.
Brig. Gen. E. H. Metzger and Mrs. Metzger were among those attending. He is the new Deputy Dirflct<r for Atlanta.

INSJGNE NOW 0..1<.
The ruling that Civil Defense insignia displayed on vehicles d ming parades or demonstrations must be removed immediately thereafter has been reversed in Georgia and now any vehicle registered and intended for CD use in an emergency may carry an insigne or not before the emergency. This insigne carries no special privilege during peacetime, but would be guarded jealously in time of emergency.
The National Association of Taxicab Owners has petitioned for permission to carry a "decal" on their cabs where they have been signed up for use. They have over 100,000 cabs throughout the country, and those in New York City now carry their certificate of CD registration.
GEORG.IANS ON COMMITTEE
Dr. John M. Whitney, Medical
Officer for the Third Region, FCDA, has selected several Georgians to serve on the Regional Health Services Advisory Committee. T~is committee will advise and assist, within this region, in the implementation of policies and instructions focmed by the FCDA in wocking with national a' ganizations.
Dr. Edgar M. Dunstan and Dr.
Charles Dowman represent the American Medical Association
and Dr. T. F. Sellers the Associa-
tion of State and Territorial Health Officers. Edwin B. Peel of Atlanta represents the American Hospital Association and Mrs. Mildred B. Pryse, R.N., the American Nurses Association.
Dr. Whitney has recently been
appointed to this new office. He was born in Mississippi, and is a graduate of The University of Mississippi and of 'Tulane. He formerly wocked with the City of New Orleans in the Health Department and with the Red Cross. He is available for advice to any of the Directors of Health Services.

RUSSIA HAS THE BOMB
Dr. Vannevar Bush, President of the Carnegie Institution of Washington stated recently that Russia has unquestionably already exploded three test atomic bombs of the type that the United States dropped on Japan.
"Take no comfort from stories that the explosions were accidental blasts or gigantic hoaxes, big explosions made to simulate A-bomb blasts," he warned.
Scientists have ways of determining just what caused the reported explosions. Those from whom the reports doubting the Russian possession of the atomic bomb come know very little about atomic energy, and it just expresses their unfounded "belief".
DISASTER NET ACTIVATED
At 8 P.M., 23 October, the Disaster Net was activated with State Control, Athens, Atlanta, Brunswick, LaGrange and Rome on the air. Missing were Augusta, Columbus, Macon, Savannah and CAP Communication Van.
All are expected to be on from 8 to 10 P.M., 10 November when training starts. Monday and Thursday, 8 to 10 P.M. was decided upon as desirable training nights.
Con 't. from Page
9. That the Air Force assume all personnel responsibility for "Skywatch". 10. American Legion support in every way the Ground Observer Cocps program. 11. Congress appropriate enough money to implement the Ground Observer Corps. 12. Federal Government fully utilize all federally employed personnel and facilities in "Skywatch". 13. That the Department of Defense intensify its own efforts in appealing to public for the blood donor program.

2

NOVEMBER, 1952

* * THE GEORGIA ALERT .
...
..
..

_1,000
GROUND OBSERVER
POSTS

20,000
CIVILIAN VOLUNTEER PERSONNEL

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT YOUR
LOCAL CIVIL DEFENSE DIRECTOR

GROUND OBSERVER CORPS
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
l. What is the Ground Observer Corps?
Ans: The Ground Observer Corps is an organization of civilians who volunteer, on a part-time basis, to report on the movement of aircraft. These volunteers perform the duty of observers at the observation posts or as plotters, filterers and tellers, at the filter centers.
2. What is the purpose of the Ground Observer Corps?
Ans: The purpose of the Corps is to fill in all blind spots of the radar screen-that portion of the area that comes under the line of sight capabilities of radar. Blind spots are caused by the topography of the terrain. Only those points designated will take part in the Ground Observer Corps. 3. How does it carry out this mission?
Ans: From posts located 8 miles apart, the Corps provide information to our Air Defense Control Centers via a very simple system. First, a civilian volunteer reports by telephone from his assigned observation post, all the aircraft he sees or hears. Secondly, a Filter Center takes the information from the observers, establishes the speed and direction of the airplanes, which means that they have established a track, and passes the information on to the Air Defense Control Center. 4. Who is responsible for the Ground Observer Corps Program?
Ans: The actual organization and recruiting of the Ground Observer Corps is the responsibility of the Georgia Department of Civil Defense. Training is carried out by the United States Air Force with mobile training teams located at each Filter Center. The Air Force has assigned an Officer to each state organizing the Ground Observer Corps within their borders for the express purpose of coordination.
5. What is an Aircraft Spotters
4

GOC ACTIVI

Club?
Ans: Aircraft Spotters Club is the designation given to high school groups of Junior and Senior students who organize primarily to assist in the program as trained observers.
6. How will they be trained?
Ans: The Air Force will send out special teams to conduct training classes.
7. What recogn1t1on, if any, will Aircraft Spotter Clubs receive?
Ans: Members trained as observers will receive certificates of gradua-

tion, membership in the National Corps and will be entitled to wear the Silver Wings.
8. How will Spotter Clubs help the Defense effort?
Ans: By adding thousands of trained youn~~; alert observers to the skywatch for possible enemy attack.
9. Where will they serve?
Ans: Posts are located in proximity to every home in the State of Georgia. Any one of these can use additional observers.

IN GEORGIA

10. Are the Aircraft Spotter Clubs limited in any way as to activity?
Ans: The primary mission will be the provision of observers for the vital Air Defense Network. However, it is urged that they become an integral part of the campus life and conduct social activities as well.
NOTE : Information for organizing a club can be obtained from the Gr01md Observer Corps Coordinator, State Department of Civil Defense, 959 E. Confederate Ave. S.E., Atlanta, Georgia. The Department of Defense of the

AIRCRAFT SPOTTE RS CLUBS
The junior members of the families of Georgia are now being called upon in a concerted effort to augment the giant Ground Observer Corps program. Today, with the joint cooperation of the State Departments of Education and Civil Defense, thousands of high school Juniors and Seniors are being organized into Aircraft Spotters
State of Georgia and the 35th Air Division (Def) of the USAF will assist in every possible way to insure the success of each group.

Clubs. The interest in the movement has been exceptionally high, and inquiries are flooding the Office of the Coordinator, Ground Observer Corps, for information on how to organize an Aircraft Spotters Club in a school. Originally intended for high schools only, the plan may have to be extended to colleges, where a considerable interest is now in evidence. The goal is being set for over 400 spotter clubs in the state, providing over 10,000 additional observers for the {X'ogram.
HOW THE AIR RAID WARNING
SYSTEM WORKS
GROUND OBSERVER POSTS . .. Civilian observers at observation posts spot planes.
TELEPHONE SYSTEM ... The observers report the flight through commercial telephone lines to the Filter Center.
FILTER CENTER ... Here the report is plotted on a table grid map and correlated with reports from other posts and result reported to the Ground Control Intercept Station.
GROUND CONTROL INTERCEPT STATION ... Data is correlated with other data and passed to other units of the basic air defense system such as intercepter bases, anti-aircraft defense points, and air defense control centers.
AIR DEFENSE CONTROL CENTER Issues air raid warnings to civilian key points and military.
CIVIL AIR RAID WARNING SYSTEM ... The key point air raid warning center is the link between Air Force and CD organizations. It alerts, directly and through subcenters, vital defense forces and warns the population.
"SURVIVAL IS EVERYONE 'S RESPONSIDILITY! HAVE YOU UNDERTAKEN YOUR SHARE OF THE JOB THAT IS TO BE DONE?''
s

"AN INSIDE REPORT'"

Teams will include the Spotters Clubs in their training curriculum,

"THE AffiCRAF T F LASH"

Major Edmund F. Sl.al.een, USAF

and the students will he awarded

Coordinator lor Georgia GOC

the Silver and Blue Wings of the

The Air Defe cse Command

I..,

Ground Observer Corps upon com- occupies a unique position among

The spotlight today shines on pletion of the current requirements. military organizations in t ha t it is

the marked progress being made in Your Department of Education is dependent upon civilia n participa-

the State of Georgia by its Ground making a tremendous contribution tion in its operations. F or this

Observer Corps. The Corps, of to the latter project.

reason, THE AffiCRAFT F LASH

course, is you, the individual

One year ago, the establishment has been brought into being as the

citizen of the state. Together, of an aircraft spotters system in voice of the GOC. It is intended

with your fellow men, you now man the State of Georgia seemed to be that this new publication represent

over 500 Ground Observer Posts an almost impossible task. But it all the participants in this gigantic

and Filter Centers at Atlanta and is said that perpetual pushing and program of Air Defense. The value

Savannah. With the cooperation of assurance put a difficulty out of of THE AIRCRAFT FLASH will

the Civil Air Patrol, you have countenance, and make a seeming depend on your own responses to it,

undergone a number of "strip impossibility give way. The and the cooperation its editors get

exercises" to determine the

Ground Observer Corps in the

from individual members of the

efficiency of the system.

State of Georgia, stands today as GOC.

The repeated successes of these a monument to the perseverance of

By this last statement, we mean

test missions is ev idence of the a great populace. It is the profound that all the members of GOC become

patriotic sp irit that prevails among prayer of all that it may never be

contributors to THE AIRCRAFT

Georgians. It is no wonder that used. Nevertheless, should the FLASH. We want and need your

Georgia, the key state of the South, occasion arise for its activation,

cooperation in this respect because

leads all others in the progress of the nation can rest assured that you, as Ground Observers or Filter

which we speak. An entire nation the people of Georgia, with the help Center volunteers, are the news and

can be grateful for the Air Defense of God, will respond to the call

make the news. T HE AffiCRAFT

coverage offered here.

FLASH is the forum for new ideas

Credit for this successful enter-

The Air Defense of this nation and actions among the GOC and

prise belongs to no one individual. is the responsibility of each and the transmission belt for such

The heads of the Department of every citizen, whether in the Armed ideas and actions to all GOC

Civil Defense, the local Civil Forces or not.

members.

Defense Directors, and the stalwart

citizen on the Post or in the Filter

Center can all take immeasurable

pride in the ir contributions. To-

gether, you are building for the

future. Together, you are insuring

that the sovereign State of Georgia

will be ready to carry her share of

a great nation's burden.

Yet, there is still much to be

done. The ultimate goal calls for

the establishment of 1000 Ground

Observer Posts. Through the

cooperation of the Forestry Com-

mission, more than 250 posts

will be set up in the Fire Towers

\

of Georgia. -Key forestry personnel

will act as Supervisors.

Within a few months, thousands

of young and alert high school

students will have been added to

1'

the trained observers list through the establishment of Aircraft

GOC EXPLAINED-The above outline explains in detail the working of the Ground Observer Corps program In Civil Defense. An important function of this phase of the

Spotters Clubs. Requests for the organization of these groups on the high school campuses are now being processed. Air Force Mobile

CD program is the Observation Post which reports to the Iocal switchboard thence to the Filter Center and on to the Air Defense Intercept Station. All air traffic over each post Is reported to the Filter Centers as indicated. Georgia has two Filter Centers, Atlanta and Savannah. Readers of the Georgia Alert are urged to file this issue for future reference in the GOC program.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------THEA~~RT

MERIDIAN "STAR" HELPS

BRITON HE.RE ON C9

The Meridian (Mississippi) "STAR" boosts the action of Departme nt Commander Thompson of The American Legion, in urging all citize ns to register for work in Civil Defense units. Calling the situation in Meridian an example of public indifference to CD, it is noted that "CD which began with a surge here two years ago, has practically dwindled to nothing -. We compliment the American Legion on its stand. These men rightfully know the terror of many wars. Let's join the m-wake up to reality-
prepare now If'
J. Be n Warren, new Commander of the Department of Georgia issued the same call at a recent meeting of Commanders and Adjutants in Macon. It is estimated that more than half of the Civil Defense Directors are former veterans.

PORTLAND TO VOTE CD TAX

Portland, Oregon, is to vote on

a special tax for Civil Defen~e

purposes on the November ballot.

It is a one mill tax, estimated to

raise $600,000 for local Civil

Defense equipment.

An editorial in the "PORTLAND

OREGONIAN" urges citizens to

vote for the tax. "No one can

forecast accurately Portland's need

for {CD) ):'; equipment. One can

hope that such things will never

be needed. But the city cannot

sncc or its citizens on hope should

calamity strike. Portland's CD

staff has been existing on hope,

and little else, for several years.

It is time it had the minimum

reven to do

ue n its

ejocbessinaryantoe.mpreerpgaernecyittshealft

could come any day."

We hate the guys Who criticize and minimize The other guys Whos e enterprise has made them rise above the guys who criticize.

FRED W. NOEGEL
Here is another one of Georgia's outstanding Civil Defense Directors. Fred Noegel holds that title in the energetic little city of Cochran, Georgia, and his county was one of the first to establish all of its Ground Observation Posts in the Air Warning System.
Noegel was born in Columbia County, Florida, in 1887, was in the bakery business in Live Oak, Florida, from 1910 to 1919, and in Cochran from then until 1923. He established the Cochran Cold Storage and Meat Curing Plant then, and ran it until l9U. Later he bought the Western Auto Associate Store. He has been a prime mover in all civic projects, and has given liberally of his time for any movement that would improve the community. He was on the School Board of Trustees from 1931 until 194.9, and was appointed Civil Defense Director by Governor Talmadge in 1951 upon nomination by Mayor A. A. Holcombe.
THIRD ARMY WILL GIVE FIRE BOMB INSTRUCTIONS
Lieut. Gen. A. R. Bolling has informed the State Director of Civil Defense that CD personnel may 'observe demonstrations in the fighting of fires caused by incendiary bombs at any of the Third Army

Miss Edith Walker a repre~ enta tive of the British Minis~ry of Food is in the United States ~o give advice on the feeding of mas~es in time of emergency. She will .speak at fifteen cities in the tour, and will be in Atlanta for a regional meeting on November 20 and 21. She invites inquiries froml all interested in Civil Defense.
Miss Walker, who was decorated with the Order of the British Empire for her wartime food service, has the experience under fire which will enable her to assist in the organization of Emer~ency Food Service. She was appointed to take charge of the Ministry's Emergency Meals Division in June 1951 and was one of the British experts attending the Combined Conference on Administrative and Scientific Aspects of Food in Civil Defense held in London in 1951.
Her schedule while in Atlanta November 20 and 21 includes an address to the Georgia Nutrition Council and she will he the feJlture speaker at the Atlanta Woman's Club Georgia Products Dinne'r She will meet with the Georgia ~ Civil Defense Food Committee now work-
ing on the Emergency 'F~eding
Annex to the Georgia Welfare Guide as well as the Atlanta Metropolitan Area Welfare SbTVice
Staff. She will also have a con-
ference with the American Red Cross Regional Staff and l the Atlanta Chapter of the Red Cross.
installations upon approval by the State and Regional Directors and the Commanding Officer of the station concerned. Teams of the Army Chemical Corps give hese demonstrations at various places in ~he routine of the regular training program, and selected civil defense leaders could observe these exercises and return to their own organizations as instructors. ,
Special demonstrations may be put on in Atlanta 8nd Savannah for the benefit of Civil Defense when it is considered desirable.

NOVEMBER, 1952

7

.THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

AAUW FOR. CIVIL DEFENSE

COMPENSATION PLAN PROPOSED

THE DIRECTOR SAYS

The Georgia Division, American

(Continued from Page 1)

Association of University Women

One of the bills to be introduced mutual aid between neighbors for

of which Mrs. Milton 'Murray in Congress in 1953 is one to rescue work and for housing and

of Macon is tresident, voted to provide money which will be con- feeding the homeless. If bombs

accept the recommenda'tion of its tributed directly to the states on a fall on America. everybody, every-

Civil Defense committee to make matching basis for the purpose of where in the untouched areas can

Civil Defense its educational providing compensation for personal look upon these homeless and

project for the year. Mrs. Lyman R. injury <r death sustained by any injured and say to themself, 'There

Ernst, Sr. of Columbus is serving person who is a member of or but for the grace of God, go I'.

as state chairman of Civil Defense registered for membership in the

The military forces are using

in the A.A.U.W. and her committee U.S. Civil Defense Cocps while in every device known to modern

members are the Civil Defense chairmen in each of t,he hra~ches.

the performance of his duties or while engaged in authorized train-

science to strengthen the country's defense, but no system is infallible.

The Georgia Division A.A.U.W. ing. This would require an act of We, as civilians, must be ready

whose purpose is practical educa-- the Georgia Legislature to provide too. A community tbat is prepared

tion with a program devoted to for the matching funds.

will keep the loss of life to a

education, . wider opportunities for

minimum and will dig itself out

women, international understanding

CD WAS ON PARADE

systematically and without the

and cooperation, and the application

disastrous effect of panic after

of the training and abilities of

Many of the Armistice Day the blow has fallen.

college women to the complex parades emphasized Civil Defense

This is not a short term measure.

problems of modern life made this year. Most of the November Until peace again reigns throughout

Civil Defense a part of its study- 11th parades are sponsored by The the wocld, the pattern of American

action program at its annual fall American Leg ion or other veteran life must include a readiness upon

Bosrd of Directors meeting and organization, and they are all the part of modern minute men to

State Workshop held at the Georgia State College for women in Mil-

solidly behind the CD program. FCDA hopes to make the wearers

meet whatever comes and meet it squarely.

ledgeville.

of the circled-triangle armband a

Mrs. John G. Lewis, Coordinator of Women's Activities, Civil Defense Division, Department of Defense for Georgia presented Civil Defense on a Symposium: Oppoctunities for A.A.U.W. Leadership at the Saturday morning session of the wor kshop.
The thousand members of the Geocgia Division A.A. U.W. because of their ability and training, as well as their recognition of responsibility foc leadership will make a constructive contribution to the functioning of Civil Defense in our state.

regular feature in Armistice Day parades from now on.
S.F.D. USES RADIO
Through the efforts of Charlie Musante, Director Savannah and Chatham County, every piece of fire apparatus in the cities and towns in Chatham County will soon be radio equipped and controlled from the central fire station in Savannah. FCDA matching funds are available for such arrangements.

BIOLOGICAL WARFARE
"Passive Defense" specialists may be obtained from both Hunter Air Force Base in Savannah and Warner Robins Air Force Base for the purpose of giving . talks and instruction on the '!'ll~ubject of Biological Warfare Defense.
If your CD organization is interested in securing t~is instruction free correspond with Ernest Vandiver, Civil Defense Director of Georgia, 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E., Atlanta, Ga.

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THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Ern

Vol. 2, No. 12

Atlanta, Ga.

December, 1952

ERHEST VAHDIVER
THE DIRECTOR SAY S . . .
It is with sadness that I write this column, because there is war and threat of war on our homeland during this the season when we observe the birth of Him whom the prophet Isaiah foretold would come upon this earth in the role of Prince of Peace.
" And a Savior was born, and they called His name Emmanuel, which be ing interpreted, means- God Wit h Us."
As we observe in the days to come this blessed event of almost two thousand years ago, may we hold in our hearts the promise which His birth, and the very name that wa s given Him, brought to the pe ople of that day and of every day to come until time shall be no more- that solemn assurance that if God be for us, who can be aga inst us. Also, that as we pre-
See .THE DIRECTOR, Page 4

BRITISH EME

G HEAD

SPEAKS TO NUTRITION COUNCIL

Miss Edith Walker, Director of Emergency Feeding for the British Ministry of Foods, and Mrs. Ellen Ruthman, Coordinator of Emergency Feeding for the Federal Civil Defense Administration on a nationwide tour, speaking before Civil Defense and nutrition groups, were guests in Georgia on November 20 and 21. l\ts. Gertrude Harris, chairman of the Women's Advisory Committee for Civil Defense in Georgia, Mrs. J. T . deJarnette, Regional Assistant Director for Women's Activities, Federal Civil Defense Administration, and Mrs. Chester E. Martin, President of Georgia Federation of Women's Clubs were hostesses at a luncheon honoring Miss Walker and Mrs. Ruthman. Guests for the occasion were a group significantly connected with Civil Defense plans and operations.
Miss ~alker shared with the group her experiences during the bombings in Eng land and Mrs. Ruthman told of plans to meet the emergency should it come to our country. While here Miss Walker spoke at the Georgia Nutrition Council, where a Three-Day Emergency F ood Supply for Civil Defens e prepared by Mrs. John G. Lewis, Coordinator of Women's Activities, was on exhibit.
Mrs. Ruthman was special guest speaker at the Atlanta Woman's Club, lVIrs. James E. Brawne r, President, and ~rs. L. S. Tyson, chairman, on the occasion of the

annual Georgia Products Dinner where she urged everyone to keep a three-day rotating food supply and each household to have an outdoor fireplace in case of enemy attack. She also stressed the importance of women volunteering for training in mass feeding. l\ts. Lewis introduced Mrs. Ruthman; and Mrs. Harry F. Goslee, Assistant Director for Women's Activities, Atlanta Civil Defense, Mrs. J. T. deJarnette and Mr. Karl Reiser of the Regional Civil Defense Office were among the guests.
RADIATION PHYSICS AT
TECH EVENING SCHOOL
As a follow-up on its recent sponsorship of the Oak Ridge Atomic Energy Exhibit, the Engineering Extension Division of Georgia Tech will offer training in Radiation Physics for adults during the winter quarter, which begins January 5, at the Engineering Evening School.
The class, which will meet one night per week for eleven weeks, is designed to interest science teachers, physicians, X-ray technicians, nurses, civil defense personnd and laymen who wish to ~earn more about radiation.
Topics will include: Elementary Nuclear Physics, Effects of Radiation, Radiation Instruments and Radiological Defense.

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION
959 E. Confederate Av.., S.E.
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director CHARLES T. WHITE Assistant Deputy Director WILLIAM F. KERNS Eng/n.er/ng Officer ROBERT W. FINLEY Communication Officer MRS. JOliN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director M. L. LEGGETT Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
HEALTH AND WELFARE
Representatives of the State Health Service and Welfare Service got together at Judge Alan Kemper's office on November 19 and thrashed out many of the problems that have arisen. These two must work together closely. The Health Service establishes and staffs hospitals, but the Welfare Service has the job of feeding both staff and patients. In general, schools are marked for emergency hospitals, but they are also the logical places from which the welfare should wcrk.
It was agreed that a school would be devoted to welfare work unless the local Directcr of Civil Defense decided that it would be needed for hospital purposes.
Since the determination could not be accurately made before the emergency arises, it is necessary for the PTA, faculty, and neighborhood to be ready to operate in both of these services. Training should be given and plans should be drawn to serve either service.
If you are going to be a Minute Man, don't be a last-minute man.

WADSWORTH SAYS PREVENTION POSSIBLE

James J. Wadsworth, Acting

Administrator of the FCDA before

a conference of National Organi-

zations in Chicago in November

said:

"The atomic bomb and the inter-

continental bomber have changed

the face of modern war. They did

not and cannot change the basic

realities and our individual respon-

sibilities to our country."

"Histcry bears the undeniable

evidence that eternal vigilance is

the price of freedom. Let free men

falter and their enemies are at their

throats. Relax our vigilance for

just one minute and we have lost

rgergoautn.nd

that



f"reedom

may

never

"To win against us an enemy

must strike first against our home-

front, at our people, the real source

of our strength. An enemy unable to

crush our will-to-fight and unable

to smash our production lines is

an enemy that cannot win a war

against America "

"We exuberant Americans are

something of a puzzle, and some-

times a source of annoyance to a

watching world. The vigorous way

in which we enjoy to the hilt our

privileges of freedom, of thought,

free speech, and free choice of

leadership leads to frequent

observation by friend and foe that

we know more about our rights than

we do about our responsibilities "

"Should a grand slam atomic

attack hit this country as it could

any minute now, it would be the

civilian who would really suffer. It

will be the housewives and their

children-and the production workers

who would die by the hundreds of

thousands. If the enemy is able to

create enough devastation at one

time in dozens of our cities, the

catastrophe may be so great that it

could smash our national w ai to

resist. It could wreck our entire

defense production machine and

put us out of the war. This would

mean that America, as we know it,

would cease to exist "

"Civil Defense is part of our

SMALL TOWN CIVIL DEFENSE
The Staff College of Civil Defense at Olney, Md., will give a special course for Directors and others in terested in Civil Defense in small towns the week begiming January 12, 1953. Special emphasis will be placed upon organization for s elf-protection and mutual assistance, as well as other problems that are pec uliar to small towns.
The cost of this course is just the price of the board and lodging which is $5.00 per day. Those in Georgia desiring to attend this course should write to Ernest Vandiver, Director, at 959 E. Confederate Ave., SE, Atlanta, Ga.
OPERATION "MASH"
"MASH" -the famous Mobile Army Surgical Hospital, developed for Korean battle conditions, was used for the first time in this country in the Syracuse Civil Defense test on November 21-22.
A convoy of 16 vehicles and between 80 and 85 regular army personnel makes up the hospital. It moved from Fort Devens, Mass., and set up the hospital in the Archbold Gymnasium at Syracuse University. This 60 bed hospital can be enlarged to take care of as many as 200 casualties.
Dr. Edgar Dunstan of the Georgia
Medical Services mad<! the suggestion some time ago that the military hospitals be used in giving instruction to Civil Defense personnel.
pattern for preventing war. Without Civil Defense the pattern is incomplete. The blows of modern war are not likely to be light blows. They are rendered with a purpose, and if the enemy knows that this purpose will be denied, the blows may never come . "
Norfolk's $81,927 expenditure for Civil Defense for the past fiscal year was the greatest of all cities in Virginia.

2

DECEMBER, 1952

WOMENS CLUBS ACTIVE
About 150 women of the Second District heard a Civil Defense program at Thomasville on Nov. 12, and they aroused considerable enthusiasm about the project.
Area Director Harry U. Jackson showed a film, "Pattern for Survival" which brought home to them t he immediate danger we are facing, aoo showed them how they could increase their chances of surviving in case of an A-bomb attack. This was followed by a short talk on the subject of local CD.
Mr. Jackson and the rest of the Area Directors are available at any t ime they do not have conflicting dates to show pictures and give information on Civil Defense.

Sergeant Akin and these young ladies, on the State Civil Defense and National Gua rd Staff, have received their FCC Radiotelephone licenses and will operate the State Control Station on the Disaster Net. Left to right, bottom row: Frances Margan, Dolly Maloof, E Iva Richardson, Jeanette Nolan, Mrs. Agnes McCain, Second row: Mrs. Frances Milam, Sergeant Akin, Betty Camp, Mrs. Carolina Hiers, Mrs. Catherine Nance, Laurice Maloof. The latter received the first license and has trained the others.

CD TUITION REDUCED

DAMAGE REPORTS

The Office of Civil Defense of Oklahoma has informed Director Ernest Vandiver of Georgia that the cost of attending the Oklahoma Civil Defense Training School is now only eighteen ($18) dollars for the course. Instead of running for two weeks the course now is covered in five days, and they have made this drastic reduction in cost to create more interest among those who might train for wardens and rescue work. Industrial personnel are invited.
Any who are interested in attending this course at Stillwater should communicate directly with Dire ctor of Civil Defense, State Capitol Postoffice Station, Oklahoma City 5, Okla.
.. * *
"Mother, may I go in swimming?"
"No, dear, it's far too deep." "But Daddy is swimming." "Yes, dear, but he's insured."
* * *
The Hindu fakir kept biting his nails-now he has no place to sleep.
DECEMBER, 1952

The FCDA has issued a blank on which reports of damage done in a disaster is to be reported. Each echelon is to make a report tothe next higher echelon beginning as soon as possible after the disaster and on ce each hour thereafter. The informat ion to be reported on includea, place and time of attack, weapons used, how delivered, ground zero, the situation regarding fire, sewers, water, utilities, condition of roads and railroads, etc. The services committed and needed are to be indicated, and a summary of the situation winds up the report.
These blanks will be distributed to target areas so they will have something to start working with when and if they are needed.
* * *
Attendant: "Your doctor is outside with a flat tire. What shall I do?"
Service Station Owner: "Diagnose it as deflation of the perimeter and charge him accordingly."

TWO GEORGIANS MAY GET
FOUNDATION .AWARDS
Two individuals in Georgia are eligible to receive the "Freedoms Foundation" award for Civil Defense this year. These are intended to recognize the outstanding workers in Civil Defense, and to reward and honor them.
Any individual may be nominated for award by a CD official or any person familiar with his or her work. Nominations have to be documented by a statement of what has been accomplished and substantiated with press clippin!J!l , letters, or other records.
Those selected will be awarded the George Washi ngton Honor Medal, the same one given for outstanding work in other fields of patriotic Americanism. The following four considerations will be considered in making the evaluation; 1. Technical competence; 2. Devotion to duty; 3. Effectiveness and results; 4. Inspirational and patriotic leadership.
The national awards jury is made up of thirty state supreme court jurists and executive officers of national and patriotic and service organizations. The Chairman is
Dr. Albert C. Jacobs, Chancellor
of the University of Denver.
3

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

WADSWORTH DIRECTOR

JONES & LAUGHLIN THE DIRECTOR SAYS

Since the resignation of Governor Millard Caldwell as Administrator of Civil Defense Jerry Wadsworth, his Deputy, has been acting as the head man. Jerry is well thought of by all Civil Defense Directors, and would be a worthy suc~essor to Caldwell. He has been active in Civil Defense planning even before the Hopley Committee made its report.
. . . .. . .
C:D :DRILL IN WA.~HINGTON
Under orders from the White Ho~e approximately 150 federally occupied buildings within the Washington metropolitan area will conduct air raid drills on Dec. 12, it was announced by Acting District CD Director H. P. Godwin. Signals for the 15 minute drill will be sounded over the city's air-raid warning system. Instructions call for all persons in buildings partici-
pating in the drill to be evacuated
to air-raid shelters and remain there for the duration of the exercise. (Times Herald)
NEW DRESSING FOR BURNS
The Air Force is testing a "spray on" plastic surgical dressing for use in atomic attack as well as for other wounds and injuries. The transparent dressing is called "aeroplast", and is sprayed directly on the injured parts of the victim's body from a pressurized container. Tests to date show that it makes gauze dressings unnecessary. (NY Times).

PREPARED
The Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation is stressing Civil Defense in all of its plants over the country, and it is one of the largest steel outfits in the land. At a "dry run" last month in the Atlanta plant on Marietta Street, the whole force was assembled in the bomb shelter, victims were resuscitated, and an injured young lady was iowered from one of the upper floors to the ground on a stretcher. Demonstrations of extinguishing fires were also given.
The Tulsa plant of this company has spent $25,000 preparing air raid shelters and all 300 of its employees are trained in some phase of Civil Defense work.
RADIATION AFFECTS FILM
The A-bomb tests in Nevada have given off radiation that has affected photographic film and papers being handled by the Riegel Paper Corp., on the Pacific coast. When the first test was held in New Mexico the radioactive particles landed on wheat fields hundreds of miles away, the wheat straw was baled and sold to the Eastman Company in Tennessee for packing purposes. Photographic film was packed with the straw, and was ruined by the radiation which still persisted. Cattle eating crops thus contaminated were later sent to Oak Ridge fa- study, and they are still there, living on the fat of the land with no cares in the world nor fears of going to the slaughterhouse.

(Continued from Poge 1)
serve in our own lives and the life of our Nation, the lessons which He taught, we can be quite sure that He shall endow us with wisdom and with strength sufficient unto our great need.
In our world, so rife with materialism and shot through with paganism, some have lost the star of righteousness, the star of peace, and the star of faith. At this season let us once again seek to have these stars shine in our lives by letting Christ come into our lives. May ours not be the experience of the Innkeeper, who said, "There is no room in the inn." Rather may we say, "Come into our hearts, Lord Jesus, there is room for Thee."
May it come to pass that the stars will shine and bring hope and meaning in the days which are
- ahead. - - - - - - -
NEW BLOOD TYPING
A simple, assembly line procedure for grouping blood to determine the type to be used in giving transfusions to atomic attack victims was demonstrated for the first time October 25 during a CD test in the Bingha rrpton area. The
new method was devised by Dr.
W. C. Nelson, of the State Hospital laboratory. Persons with no experience can be trained in ten minutes to make the test to determine the blood type of an individual by following the new procedure, outlined in the October issue of of the American Journal of Clinical Pathology. (Binghampton Press).

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THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Erne

Vol. 3, No. 1

Atlanta, Ga.

January, 1953

Ernest Vandiver
THE DIRECTOR SAYS ...
Last month Governor Talmadt;e 's Advisory Council on Civil Defense met in Atlanta for the purpose of submitting an interim report to the Governor on Civil Defense.
I was very pleased with this mee ting and a report on the activities of the Civil Defense Division since F ebruary, 1951, was drawn up for submission to the Governor. At the conference the Advisory Counc il was briefed by each member of my s taff on their particular phase of civil defense.
In submitting the report to the Gove rnor, the Council stated, "An unprepared civilian population is a tempting target for atomic attack by a potential aggressor. Conversely, the sole deterrent is an alert civ ilian population organized and trai ne d for civil defense will red uce the potency and advantages
See THE DIRECTOR, Page 4

Mrs. Edgar Dunst IINMsAugasto.C Meeting

"Working Together For Health and Freedom", is the theme of the Woman's Auxiliary to the Medical Association of Georgia of which l\1rs. Ralph Fowler is President. The work of 1,206 members of the 32 county auxiliaries in the field of Civil Defense can do much to make this theme a reality says l\1rs. E. M. Dunstan, State Civil Defense Chairman, who is also Civil Defense Chairman for Region 3 of the Woman's Auxiliary to the American Medical Association.
Since Civil Defense will be an important part of our thinking and planning for many years to come, it i~ important that our members take their places of leadership in the Civil Defense set up in their commumtles, points out Mrs. Dunstan. Doctor's wives can assist by taking the courses in First Aid and Home Nursing, and then become instructors. They can be active in other groups and see to it that one person in each home has taken the First Aid Course and one in each block has had Home Nursing. First Aid Kits in each home should also be stressed.
Doctor's wives can help by studying the entire set up for Civil Defense, including the Health Services, and volunteering wherever they can s erve; as wardens, secretaries, blood typists, or in some other capacity for which they are prepared.
!Vlrs. Shelley Davis, Co-Chairma n joins l\1rs. Dunstan in urgin g each district to put on a program featuring Civil Defense, and that

each county organization follow suit and have one Civil Defense program this year.
The auxiliaries all over the state are busy carrying out this program outlined by their leaders. In October, the Auxiliary of the Bibb County Medical Association, l\1rs. Max Mass, President and Mrs. William K. Jordan, Civil Defense Chairman held two First Aid classes and one Holl!e Nursing Class. In January, an instructor's course in Home Nursing will be given. In the early spring, a program will feature Civil Defense with l\1rs. E. M. Dunstan as guest speaker.
November 25th m Augusta, approximately 40 local clubs and c1v1c organizations were represented at an open meeting on Civil Defense under the sponsorship of the Auxiliary to the Richmond County Medical Society. This was the first large scale public meeting in that section on Civil Defense, hut Colonel W. W. Barr, local Civil Defense Director, stated that plans are underway for training courses, recruiting volunteers, and other activities. l\1rs. Dunstan, feature speaker, gave a general outline of the philosophy and need for Civil Defense and told what is being done by various groups in other localities. l\1rs . Davis, another guest speaker, urged the importance of Women in Civil Defense; her theme was "What Can I Do?" Appreciation to Mrs. W. A. Risteen, Auxiliary
(Continued on Page 4)

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave. S.E.
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer ROBERT W. FINLEY Communication OHicer MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
M. L. LEGGETT Centra/ Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
AREA FIRE COORD.INA TORS
The State Fire Marshall has designated the following Fire Chiefs as Area Fire Coordinators:
Chief W. T. McKinney-Rome Chief W. C. Thompson -Athens Chief C. C. Styron- Atlanta Chief R. L. Dorman- LaGrange Chief B. H. Brown-Macon Chief J, C. Wilkerson- Augusta Chief J, J, Romeo- Albany Chief W. S. Blanton -Savannah Chief J, W. Greenfield- Brunswick Chief F. C. Turner-Columbus
These officers are responsible for coordinating the fire services in the counties of their respective areas of responsibility and will assemble and dispatch apparatus from those counties by authority of the Governor through the State Director, in event of enemy attack and Civil Defense need. (See Georgia Civil Defense Act 1951, for this legal authority.) Instructions for the dispatch of fire apparatus will he handled over the State Civil Defense Disaster Radio Net or by
- telephone. - - - - - Larry: "What do they call a man who is lucky in love?'! Brad : "A bachelor."

LOCAL DIRECTORS ORGANIZE
Local CD Directors from many cities in twenty states met at Columbus, Ohio, in November to organize for unified action on many Civil Defense projects. Among the things that they are going to fight for is more money to be appropriated by Congress for CD; the placing of Civil Defense in the Department of Defense; the furnishing of liability protection to those working for CD; to provide matching-funds for control center buildings; and to restudy the Conelrad system.
Mr. George F. Arnold of Columbus acted as chairman, and the conference was attended by Pup Phillips of Atlanta and Hal Bell of Macon, Georgia.
PLAN FOR ANIMAL CARE
Clyde R. Bergdahl, Assistant Deputy Director of Civil Defense in the Hanford District, Washington, is serious about the recreation angle. He says:
" Local recreation officials can and should fully appraise their own possible disaster problems. This includes pre-determining what is to be done at the critical hour with assembled gatherings, with valuable properties at museums and art galleries with animals and fishes of the zoos and aquariums, with the normal equipment and personnel. This would be in addition to the direct service of recreation, and would render a big help in maintaining morale ''
BEER TRUCKS TO RESCUE
The John Labatt, Ltd., Brewery of London, Ontario has volunteered its entire fleet of brewery trucks to Civil Defense for use in the Mobile Disaster Service in case of emergency. Five of the vehicles were sent to Niagara Falls and put on display at a recent CD ceremony.
Ballentine's fleet in the New York area is also fitted out for rescue service and frequently participates in CD exercises.

WELFARE SERVICES by
Phil Cawthon
In the event of an atomic attack, the Emergency Welfare Services Section of the State Civil Defense Division will be concerned with five major functions: (l) Feeding. (2) Clothing. (3) Housing. (4) Registration and Information and (5) Evacuation.
In recent weeks a pattern for the operation of these five functions has been set down in a publication entitled, "A Guide for Emergency Welfare Services". This publication is simply a guide and it is not intended as a manual of rules and regulations or standard operating procedures which must be followed in every instance. It is intended as an aid to local Civil Defense Directors and local Emergency Welfare Services Directors and a great deal of improvization will be necessary.
Reports indicate that local Emergency Welfare Service Directors who have been appointed by local Civil Defense Directors are recruiting as key' personnel specialists in each one of these above mentioned fie Ids to direct its operations: foc instance, within the community people are being recruited who are specialized in feeding such as restaurant managers, school lunchroom superv is ocs, home-demonstration agents, church and club leaders and others who are skilled in mass feeding and can do the Civil Defense job. Similarly, there are specialists in housing, clothing, and other welfare activities who are being utilized to direct these phases of Civil Defense operation.
Any questions or suggestions concerning Emergency Welfare Services should be directed to State Civil Defense Headquarters oc to Phil Cawthon, Deputy Directoc, Emergency Welfare Services, State Welfare Department, in Atlanta.
"The world's largest and loudest siren is undergoing CD tests in Los Angeles." You mean a bigger Betty Hutton is in the cards? (Jacksonville Times Union)

2

JANUARY, 1953

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT

SP EC.IAL WARDEN'S COURSE

DAYTON TO CHANGE LAW

SOCO IS ON THE BALL

A special course for block warde ns will be held at the FCDA Staff College at Olney, Maryland, the week of February 2-6. An elaborate program of talks and films will explain the warden's job in both the target areas and the support areas. They are preparing for a class of 40 to 50, but if more des ire to attend the course will be repeated. The relation between the warden and the various services will be stressed.
T he cost will be $5 per day for both room and board. Those desiring to attend should write directly to Re gistrar, National Civil Defense . Training Center, Olney, Maryland.
CD COMPULSORY IN GREECE
john N. Rigos, a Greek journalist. now in America stated in the Wilmington Journal (ll-20) that Civil De fense participation is compulsory in Greece for all men aged from 35 to 55, and for all unmarried women fr om 21 to 40. The country lacks equipment and money, but training is going "on constantly in all major cities and towns that could be considered as potential targets. Although Greece is not totally pre pared "we can be sure of one thing. We are doing our best. Can Americans say the same?"
SEMINOLES IN SKYWATCH
At least one Ground Observation P ost in Florida is manned entirely by Seminole Indians. Some of the villages occupied by the Seminoles are on the same ground that they occupied three hundred years ago when they were enemies of the white man. Now they are helping keep watch for the big birds that may carry death and destruction to their former enemies who really turned out to be their friends. Such names as Susie Tiger, Charlotte Osceola, Betty Jumper, Jonah Billy Boy, a nd johnny jim are on the list of observers and they proudly wear t he wings of the Air Force on their colorful robes.

Dayton, Ohio, is attempting . to change their Civil Defense Law to include provisions by which CD workers will be entitled to Workmen's compensation, to authorize the confiscation of privately-owned property, real or personal, for CD needs in an emergency, and for evacuation by order of any person from danger areas. (Journal-Herald, ll-15). All but the first of these provisions are already m the Georgia Law.
CONELRAD ANNOUNCED
Last month President Truman announced the "Conelrad" plan in an interview at the White House. This is the first time the plan has been given any publicity. There are three or four methods in which it can be placed into operation, but the general idea is to conceal the source of the radio broadcast so that an enemy plane will not be able to "home in" on the beam. All stations will be placed in "clusters" and they will all broadcast on the same frequency, and with very low power.
During World War II the stations had to observe silence during emergencies. This left the public in ignorance as to what was going on just at a time when it was essential that they be kept mformed.
Participation in Conelrad is voluntary, but a station must either come into it and broadcast the program set up by FCC and Civil Defense or get off of the air altogether. Over 1000 privately owned stations have already signed up.
THEY ARE READY
Recently an unscheduled baseball shattered a school window in California. Half of the fourth grade children immediately disappeared under desks, heads shielded, backs to windows. These kids reacted to their "on~ second duck" training in Civil Defense. Shielding should be instinctive and their response to the stimulus instant.

The Sun Oil Company is not going to be caught with its er pumps down. In anticipation of the day when the electric power will be off, either because of atomic attack or for other reason, the Sun Oil Company has equipped a great many of its District of Columbia gas stations with hand pumps in addition to the regular electric pumps. Funny that some big companies have foresight to anticipate and prepare for what is pretty sure to come someday, while others just stick their head in the sand and ignore danger.
LOMBARDOISSKYWATCHER
After a night of leading his band, Guy Lombardo will stand watch from 3 to 5 A.M., Thursday mornings. He is a regular member of the observation post crew on top of the Meadow Brook National Bank Building in Freeport, N. Y., where he lives.
1MTCHING FUNDS PROGRAM
The State Director is now processio g applications for matching funds covering the purchase of fire-fighting equipment, rescue trucks, warning devices, training and education, public Civil Defense education and infocmation, health and special weapons.
Forms are . expected covering communications equipment in January. Informational Letters No. 37, 37A and 37B have ~en issued outlining procedures and it is probable that others will be prepared as additional infocmation is obtained.
Specifications for the 750 GPM pumper, the 100 GPM p<rtable pumper, and the rescue truck may be obtained upon request to the State Director. The outer limits of the Atlanta Metropolitan Area to location of the pumper is measured in calculating distance when applying for the 750 GPM pumper. This extends the distance somewhat over previous calculations.

JANUARY, 1953

3

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

MRS.. EDGAR DUNST AN

DELAWARE CONTROL

THE DffiECTOR SAYS:

(Continued from Page 1)
Civil Defense Chairman and Mrs. J. P. Hitchcock, Co-Chainnan was expressed by Mr. M. L. Leggett, Central Area Director for their holding such an - important meeting in Augusta. He predicted farreaching results.
The DeKalb County Auxiliary Chairman, Mrs. William E. Bloomer, reports that 16 of their 24 members have signed up for a First Aid Course this month.
The January meeting of the Fulton County Unit of which Mrs. Shelley Davis is chairman will highlight Civil Defense.
Nurses Recruitment is a Civil Defense project of the Fulton County Auxiliary, and this unit is putting on a Style Show January 28th, to l"aise funds in order to provide for the training of nurses upon their enlistment.
Mrs. Charles W. Steele, Civil Defense Chairman Women's Auxiliary to the American Medical Association has given special recognition to the Georgia Committee by asking to use its "Report On Civil Defense Activities" in securing reports from all the states.
Have you heard about the nervous snake who was very easily rattled?
* *
The sermon went on and on and on. At last the vicar paused and asked, ''What more, my friends, can I say?"
.. .. . From the back of the church
came a voice: "Amen."
A scotch terrier was banished from a flea circus because he stole the show.

CENTER
The nerve center of Delaware's CD organization was inspected in November by 30 special guests at the formal opening of the CD Control Center at Delaware City.
Guests were conducted on a tour through the underground section, surrounded by walls of concrete nine feet thick and covered with a thick concrete ceiling, reinforced by 23 feet of dirt on top of that. (Wilmi'ngton News 11-14)
The Georgia: Control Center on the outskirts of Atlanta has been finished since April, 1952, and now has outside communications by means of many telephones, two TWX machines, and four radio netw crks. An emergency power plant has recently been finished and now operations are independent of the local power source. It is thought that nothing short of a direct hit by a large bomb would put it out of commission.
GASTONIA SECRETARIES
HELP
The Gastonia Gazette published a picture of local members of the Spindlette Chapter, National Secretaries Association. This group made Gastonia the first city in the U.S. to complete an information canvass for Civil Defense and build up a library of information on every family. Boy Scouts helped CD volunteers complete a house-tohouse canvass, and the secretaries have been typing up the records since last March.

(Continued from Page 1)
of an atomic attack. By carrying out the civil defense program, we are assuring the welfare and the safety of the people of this state and we are making a real contribution to the cause of world peace."
The Advisory Council consists of the following members: Ben T. Wiggins of Toccoa, J, W. Thompson of Hawkinsville, James L. Gillis of Soperton, B. W. Hughes of Camilla, Eugene Yawn of Eastman,
Alan Kemper of Jonesboro, Dr.
Preston Sumner of East Point, , Eugene Cook of Wrightsville, John Brock of Adairsville, Tom Linder of Hazlehurst, Warren DeBeaugrine of Athens, W. W. Jefferson of Atlanta, Thomas H. Daniel, Jr. of Atlaita, Guyton DeLoach of Avondale, George Wilson of Atlanta, Dr. T. F. Sellers of Atlanta, Dr. M. D. Collins of Fairburn, Edward E. McGarity of McDonough, Emmett Culbreath of Bainbridge and Mrs.
Ollie Bell Davis of Atlanta.
RADIO NET
The Disaster Net has been holding drills from 8 to 9 P.M., each Monday evening for the training of operators and to familiarize the heads of sel'vices with procedures to be followed. Savannah has not yet joined the Net but is expected to check in any day. Equipment should be installed at Albany within a few days, when that city will join :he Net. Columbus suffered a fire in the Control Center but will be back on the Net with the New Year.

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THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Ern

Vol. 3, No. 2

Atlanta, Ga.

February, 1953

Ernest Vandiver
THE DIRECTOR SAYS
Blood is as much a weapon of defense as guns, tanks , planes. It is as vital to na ti onal strength as a luminum or steel. Unlike weap ons, it ca nnot be manufactured . It cannot be mined or fabricated. It must come as a free donation from the veins of men and women of good wil l.
/\n ,e rica now has the largest standing military force in its history except during time of a major war. In add ition to battle injuries, these me n fall heir to t he same accidents and illnesses as civilians . They are injureJ in training , or in accide nts on the highways, undergo ma jor surgery anJ require treatment for a variety of ai lments. They need blood for their heali ng .
To the man wounded in combat blood is Iife itself. Every Korean battle casualty reaching the hosrital neecls a n average of nine pints
See THE DIRECTOR, Pag; 4

SERVICES BEING ACTIVATED
During the past two years in Georg ia all of our organizational efforts have been directed towards building a basic Civil Defense organization. At a recent State Civi l Defense staff meeting it was decided that the time had arrived when loca l Civil Defense directors could be encouraged to develop service staffs.
In Georgia there has been a great deal of interest expressed by women 's organizations, professional societies and local gove rnmental he ads in the development of th e Emergency We lfa re Services . Therefore we are declaring the period February 15- Marc h 15 as a Welfare Services emphasis period and are suggesting that our local Civil Defense directors, the local Emergency We lfare Se rvi ce directors, the State Area Directors, and a ll interested welfare organizations attempt to coordinate their thinking to improve each local we lfare services organization.
In organizi ng welfare services there are four steps in developing a basic orga nization.
The FIHST step is the appointment by the Civil Defense Director of a Uirector, Eme rgency We lfare Services, and t oge ther with this person discuss a plan which will provide the Welfare Services which might be needed at the time of an enemy attack.
The SECO D organizati onal step is for the Emergency Welfare Director to appo int the key persons necessary to carry out his organizational plan and for these persons to invest igate the community resources.
The THIRD step is for each chief, such as housing, feedin g, clothing, etc ., to appoint his staff and to give basic training in his specialization. FOUHTH comes the problem of developing an operational plan which will te ll not on ly the members but also the community how their gro up expects to function at the time of an a tta ck.
We are now ur gi ng each C ivil Defe nse Director to call a meeting of interested commun ity officials so that the y may determine what should be their next organizational s tep . T his group would include, in addition to thos e a lready appoi nted in Emergency We lfare Services, the local director of the Departme nt of Public Welfare a nd the loca l Red Cross Disaster Chairman. Both of these two latter officia ls are being e nc ouraged by their State headquarters to contact the Civil Defense director and offer their. organizational services.
It is suggested that by ~1arch 15 the State Director would like to have in h is file the name and 11ddress of each Emergency Welfare Service director and the names of his key personne l. These names will be added to the distri bution list for future Alerts .

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave. S.E.
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer ROBERT W. FINLEY Communication OHicer MRS. JOHN G. L:EWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
M. L. LEGGETT Centro/ Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
WOMAN OF YEAR IN DEFENSE
Miss Judy King, Administrative Supervisor of the Atlanta Filter Center, was voted "Woman of the Year in Defense Effort" by the committee of Atlanta citizens appointed for the purpose of selecting Women of the Year for 1%2.
Miss King not only secured 600 volunteers fer the filter center, but she has also been active in the Blood Pr ogram of the Red Cross, the Civil ian Air Patrol (she is a pilot), and other activities. She has given generously of her time in both recruiting and instructing Civil Defense workers.
The choosing committee consisted of Rock Taber, Chairman, Ivan Allen, Jr., Jesse Draper, Claude Hendon, Bob Lynch, Brig. Gen. H. G. Maddox, and C. E. Woolman.
The Illinois CD letter says that at their 1952 national convention the Elks voted , tha t if a n emergency occurs which requ ires civil defense, the Elks will raise a fu nd over one million dollars by assess ing each one of cheir 1,070,000 members one dolla r. Elks homes would be ideal places to head up emergency welfare work.

FHA SUPPORTS CD
Miss Joyce Champion, president of the Avondale Future Homemakers talked to the members of the FHA Executive Board at Avondale in January and sold them on the idea of supporting Civil Defense in their 1953 program. The Board is recommending that the state convention this year study Civil Defense and determine just where the Georgia Future Homemakers could serve in their local communities.
Joyce heads a committee to study the subject. The other members are Alice Hatton of Atlanta, Joyce Thomas of Powder Springs, Marsha Tucker of Adel, Selby Hutchinson of Savannah, and Miss Mary Elizabeth Allen of Atlanta, the district FHA advisor.
PRESIDENT ISSUES
EXECUTIVE ORDER
On the last week of his presidency, President Truman issued an Executive Order which gave to the FCDA certain powers during peacetime and others during a major disaster.
Federal agencies were directed to assist FCDA under the latter's coordination, rules and regulations provided for, and annual reports called for. Authority may be delegated and certain records of the Housing and Home Finance Agency were made available. It was pointed out that Federal funds for Emergency Welfare Relief were only to be supplementary, and that local and state governments were expected to make reasonable expenditures for this from their own treasury.
NOTES FROM NEW YORK CD
New York has completed its Civil Defense film "Civil Defense In Action" and each target area director has purchased one or more. Through bulk buying they are available for $35 each.

WOMEN MEET AT MACON
Macon, Georgia has been chosen for the place of the second meeting of the Women's Advisory Committee. This action was taken by the Executive Committee in Atlanta on January 29th, which was called by Mrs. Gertrude Harris, Chairman, for the purpose of planning for this meeting. The date selected is March 26th.
In addition to the presidents of all Statewide Women's Organizations who make up the committee, invitations will be extended to local Civil Defense Directors to send a representative woman of his city to observe.

WELFARE POW-WOW

A meeting of Civil Defense, Red

Cross, and Welfare workers was

held at State CD headquarters on

January sixth to plan closer

cooperation between the three

organizations in setting up emer-

gency welfare in case of enemy

attack. State Director Ernest

Vandiver led the discussion and

members of the staff and area

directors all gave their views on

the subject. Red Cross was

represented by Mr. John Russell,

Director of Disaster Services, Porter

Tull, and J. Stanley Lewis, and

Department of Public Welfare by

Phil Cawthon and Harold Parker.

The main result of the conference

was the decision to get the

Emergency Welfare Service of

Civil Defense started by having

the local CD Directors, the

County Directors of Public Welfare,

and a representative of the Red

Cross Disaster Service get together

and discuss the various phases of

emergency welfare. The Red Cross

Disaster Service should furnish

the "know-how", the DPW should

come up with the ability to obtain

information and handle records,

while the CD Director should be

able to lay his hands on the man-

power needed when the emergency

comes and to secure enough key

people to train for some of the

important jobs.

1

2

FEBRUARY, 1953

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT

CITY SUPERVISORS GIVEN

RESPONSIBILITY OF

WARDEN SERVICE

I
Miss Louise Owens of the LoGronge station of the Georgia Disaster Radio Net, rec eivi ng a message for transmission from Deputy Director, R. E. Hawkins, Jr., while
Mrs. Frances Schaudies looks on.

I
TRAFFIC SCHOOL

RESCUE TRUCKS NEEDED

T he Civil Defense traffic school that was planned for Tuscaloosa has been changed to Georgia Tech, and will be held April 6 to 16 with the aid of the Department of Industrial Engineering. Each of the Southeastern states will be entitled to s end seven to the course, and Third Army will have three.
T he object of the course is to work out a plan for the control of traffic on the highways and in the city following an atom-bombing of the city. Since Atlanta will be used as the target city some of the key proble ms that will face Atlanta foll owing a bombing should be solved before the need arises.
Charles Cocke of the Regional Office of FCDA will be in charge.
NEW GOC COORDINATOR
Ma jor T . W. T ur beville, Jr. , rece ntly from Korea will be the new coordi nator for the Ground Observation Corps. T his officer has the job of liaison between the Georgia Civil Defe nse and the Air Forces .
l'la jor Edmund Shaheen has been ac ting in tha t capacity for th e pas t year, and he has bee n one of the outstanding coordinat ors of the cou ntry . The formation of Spotters Cl ubs in hi gh schools throughout Ge org ia was jus t one of his origina l idea s that went over wi th a bang .

In view of the fact that disasters, in the form of tornadoes, hurricanes, explosions, fires and other natural causes may occur at any time it behooves us to be ready to handle them quickly and efficiently. Rescue trucks would be invaluable and the State Director would like to see at least one in each of our larger cities. They would then be disbursed and available to handle disasters anywhere in the State. The suggestion has been made that veterans or business men 's organizations might sponsor the purchase of such a truck in their community and furnish the personnel to man it.
The Government has developed a standard truck, completely equipped , costing $84.00 and will pay half the cost. Therefore the cost to the purchaser is only $4200 plus half the delivery charges (about $150).
The battleship was in port and visitors were being shown around. B efor~ a b ronze plaque on the main deck the guide bowed his head and said : "This is where our gallant captain fell."
A little old lady answered: "Well, no wonder. I nearly tripped over the darned thing myself."
Admitting ignorance is the first step to knowledge.

After two years of effort in establishing a satisfactory Warden Service in the City of Niagara Falls, the Director of Civil Defense, M. Bradley Norton, has come to the conclusion that it is the business of the city government to furnish the inspiration. He has placed it squarely in the lap of the "city fathers".
His Directive No. 41, reads in part:
"To perfect an effective Warden organization in Niagara Falls and to overcome, as far as possible, the lack of public appreciation of the local situation which both military and Civil Defense Commission have termed as serious the Supervisors of the City of Niagara Falls are charged with the responsibility for the organization and manning of the Wardens Division of Civil Defense . "
"Each elected Supervisor in the city is hereby commissioned as Area Warden, in charge of recruit ing and organization of wardens in his ward."
The Supervisors will appoint District Wardens, and Post Wardens who will assume responsibility for all families on their assigned beats.
Civil Defense is becoming more and more the job of the regular civil government, and within a few years it may be understood that the job of Mayor automatically carries with it the job of Director of Civil Defense, and the Aldermen and Councilmen are the Warden Chiefs in their respective wards.
CD GETS NEW JOB
Civil Defense force s are now being given responsibility for natural disasters. When you support and strengthen your local Civil Defense organization, you are building a disaster service to help your own community in event of a major fire, explosion, storm, plane crash or other disaster. Give it your support and make it efficient.

F EBR UARY, 1953

3

THE ALERT----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

BOMBS FOR CIVIL DEFE.NSE

THE DIRECTOH SAYS:

The Pottstown Banner Fir~works Company of Pennsylvania is making all sorts of incendiary bombs for use in practice Civil Defense exercises. They may not be shipped into the State of Georgia, however, without permission from the State Office of Civil Defense. Any Director wishing to secure these should communicate with the State Director, Ernest Vandiver, 959 E. Confederate Ave. S.E., Atlanta, G~.
scHOOLBOYS BUILD STRETCHERS
In Jackson, Michigan, the boys from three public schools made one hundredstretchers for Civil Defense. Woodshop classes prepared the wooden parts, and painting classes preserved the wood. The cloth was cut and stitched by inmates of the Southern Michigan Prison, but these could have been made by the school sewing groups.
This would be a worthy project for any school group. The stretchers are needed by Mobile First Aid units.
IL Olean, N. Y., Director of Wardens, John E. Busenbury, has a ppointed each one of the ::tldermen to head up the Warden Service job in his own ward.
In Cayuga County, N.Y., the five high schools have gone together and built six "shacks" for use at the skywatching posts. Classes in agriculture and industrial arts collaborated on them. Many of those who help build them will help man them.

"Supposing the Planes are Theirs?"
It happened at a local Blood Donor Center. John Sharkey, Civil Defense worker, was enjoying a cup of coffee when someone asked, "Why did you give blood?"
"I'm watching the skies one night and I hear the jets way off in the distance," he replied. "Supposing the planes are theirs? Then what? Then we're in the front lines, too-needing blood as urgently as any combat area!"
YOUR BLOOD may go to a combat area, a local hospital, or for Civil Defense needs. But wherever it goes, this priceless, painless gif t will some day save an American life !
*NATIONAL BLOOD PROGRAM*
GIVE BLOOD NOW
Call Your Red Cross Today1
M-s. Jane Lausche, wife of Ohio's governor, is an enthusiastic volunteer worker at the Columbus, filter center.

(Continued from Page 1)
of blood. Some is given as whole blood, some as plasma. :\iilitary authorities set the average need of the seriously wounded at 15 !lints.
In World War I, 8 to l l of every hundred wounded Americans reaching battalion aid stations died. In World War II this death rate was cut in half. During the Korean conflict this small percentage is being halved again -with an average of only 2.5 deaths per 100 men reaching the hospital.
While the National l31ood Program has been established under the Office ~f Defense ~iobilization, with three major participating agencies- the American National !led Cross, the Uepartment of Defense, and the Federal Civil Uefense Administration- it is not the job of any agency or combination of agencies. It is the job of all the people .
The National Blood Program is a total blood program, designed to benefit the entire population- therefore everybody must take part to make it a success ....
CD FIGHTS BIG FIRE
On December 12, 1952, the Hockland, Me ., business district was swept by fire with an estimated $1,500,000 damage.
Much of the credit for combating the blaze went to county and town CD forces which were mobilized.
Some typical newspaper headlines were: "Thank you Civil Defense" - "Civil Defense Plan pays off' - "Several CD divisions
per1{.orm great servt.ce ." .

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THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, E

Vol . 3, No. 3

Atlanta, Ga.

March, 1953

Ernest Vandiver
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS ...
Mr . Average American, going comp lacen tly about his day-to-day bus iness, has little or no understand ing of the highly organized consp iratorial apparatus which has bee n readied for use whenever its C ommunist builders and operators choose.
He may have read J. Edgar
Hoover's recent statement concern ing the intensification of Comm unis t "underground activity 1n the United States", but he probably did not begin to grasp the potentia lities of this Communist appara tus for espionage, sabo"tage, treas on, and general civic confu s i o n.
That is because it is something entirely new in American history. This is no invention of an hysterical imag ination induced by w"'~ and threats of tnore war. Its mam
See THE DIRECTOR, Page 4

IKE ON
In his "State of the Union" message to Congress, delivered on Februar y 2, 1953, President Eisenhower referred in no uncertain terms to the nece ssity for Civil Defense because it is a certainty that Russia has the Atombomb.
The following is quoted:
"There is but one sure way to avoid total war-and that is to win the cold war. "While retaliatory power is one strong deterrent to a would-be-aggressor, another powerful deterrent is defensive power. No enemy is likely to attempt an attack foredoomed to failure. " Because the building of a completely impenetrable defense against attack is still not possible, total defensive strength must include Civil Defense preparedness. "Because we have incontrovertible evidence that Soviet Russia poss esses atomic weapons, this kind of protection becomes sheer necessity. "Civil Defense responsibilities primarily be long to the State and local governments -recruiting, training and organizing volunteers to meet any emergency. "The immediate job of the Federal Government is to provide leadership, to supply technical guidance, and to continue to strengthen its Civil Defense stockpile of medical, engineering and related supplies and equipment. "This work must go forward without lag."

ATHENS CD CONFERENCES
As part of the Civil Defense Program of Athens, a series of forums were held last month under the direction of Mrs. Louise Hodgson, Civil Defense Director.
The Warden and Rescue Service under the leadership of Frank Weigand, Dean William Tate, Miss Rebecca Fowler and Clyde McDorman presented the "School for Survival" program. This program was conducted by Ed James and Earl Mater from the FCDA Regional Office, in the University Chapel.

A display and explanation of the Warden's Training Kit was demonstrated and the film "School for Survival" was shown. -
The second meeting was presented for the Area Fire Service Coordinatocs and City Directocs in the Northeast Defense Area. Twenty-seven counties were represented and heard Chief W. C. Thompson, R. W. Finley, William Kerns, Jerry Cauble, Mrs. Hodgson, Ed James, and Earl Mater discuss the coordinated plans for evacuation of casualties and area fire contr ol plans.

THE ALERT----------------------------~~-------------------------------------------
THE GEORGIA ALERT
Publislutcl monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave. S. E.
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer ROBERT W. FINLEY Communication OH/cer MRS. JOHN G. LsEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
M. L. LEGGETT Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director

TEHACHAPI
CD m Georgia has not been put to the test by earthquake, flood or other major disaster ; we can, however, watch with ihterest and learn as other States mobilize their CD forces to combat such emergencies.
The Tehachapi eacthquake in California was a bad one; millions of dollars worth of damage were done although mercifully only 12 lives were lost.
Immediately following the disaster hundreds of local CD workers aided in freeing persons trapped in fallen buildings, administering first aid, pro1id ing meals and she Iter, and organizing channels of supply.
"The complete absence of panic in spite of the terrifying nature of the disaster drove home a fundamental fact of Civil Defens.e," said Maj. Gen. Robertson, California State CD Director. "Knowing what to do and what not to do m an emergency are of paramount importance.
Would the CD forces of your community respond so smoothly that you could say the same-if it happenoo tonight?
2

THIS IS A PICTURE of the Rescue truck built for Civil Defense and available to all cities for one half of the cost ($8,720). It would make a fine add ition to any fire
deportment rescue team. Some of the specifications: Chassis by Reo; Engine330 cu. in., 140 HP; 2 speed axle; Locking no-spin differential; carries 100 items of
tools, all furnished; seating space for team of 8 men; length 23 ft. 6% in., height 10ft. 3~ in., width 95 in.

WHY NOT?
Why should not the thousands of youn~ men rejected each month by the dfa'ft be required to serve their country in Civil Defense at least in their spare time, while their contemporaries are serving in foxholes, in jet planes, in farflung outposts?
Most of them would be physically fit for Auxiliary Police or Fire duties; many could serve in Rescue teams or as Litter Bearers; those with real physical disabilities could still be valuable in communications, clerical jobs, and the like.
H these young fellows served

their ch dft period as volunleers in CD, some of the most pressing recruiting needs would be filled; the men would be playing a part in the ational Defense ; a backlog of "Reserve" CD workers would be developing.
Is not this something that FCDA could well suggest to the Department of Defense? If you agree, lift up your voice; make your opinion known wherP. it will count.
The City of Athens hopes to have their Mobile First Aid Station ready to move in the near future, according to Mrs. Harold Hodgson, the Director of CD.

MARCH, 1953

HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN'S ACTIVITIES IN CD IN GEORGIA

YELLOW WARNING BACK IN THE BOOK

Counties, cities and towns in our s tate are utilizing their womanpower to advantage in the Civil Defe nse program.
To Athens with Mrs. Harold Hod gson, Director, goes special commendation for being the first city t o set up a Women's Advisory Committee for Civil Defense as an integral part of the city's plan.
Mrs . W. R. Antley was secured to serve as chairman of the Women's Ac tivities Committee and Miss Lola Et heridge as her Assistant. The pre s ident of each woman's organization was invited to a meeting at the City-County Health Center on Jan uary 20th where Mrs. Hodgson a nd Dean William Tate outlined plans and reported accomplishments.
T he thirty-five women presidents or representatives of organizations pre se nt that day were very interested and accepted as their first ass ignment to take information ba.ck to their groups and to enroll their me mbers in First-Aid, Home Nursing, and Civil Defense Courses.
Mrs. John G. Lewis, Coordinator of Women's Activities on the State Civi l Defense Staff was present for th is organization meeting.
******
Mrs . Harry E. Goslee, Atlanta's Civil Def~nse Deputy Director in charge of Women's Affairs, reports that Atlanta has a Women's Advisory Committee and is setting up a women's organization zone by zone a ll over the metropolitan area.
******
Mrs. Sam Gilbert, of Hapeville, has been named Assistant Deputy Director there and was made Woman of the Year in 1952 in recognition of her work for Civil Defense.
******
Mrs. Robert E. Frankenfield has be en appointed the Coordinator of the Women's Division with Mrs. Angus Purvis and Mrs. Nola Roos as her assistants, Charles J. Musante, Director Chatham-Savannah De fense Council writes us.

After two years of debating the value of a "yellow" alert in Civil Defense the FCDA has finally decided that it ought to be in the lineup.
The definition follows:
A. Waming Yellow (Yellow Alert) attack by hostile aircraft is probable.
The Warning Yellow will be disseminated through the attack warning system indicating that an enemy attack is probable. It is recommended that the Warning Yellow be made public by Civil Defense authorities as soon as it is received, by all appropriate means, with the exception that under no circumstances will the existing audible public warning devices such as sirens, horns, whistles, etc., be used. The use of radio and television broadcast facilities is the most expeditious means available for such mass public dissemination. Key Civil Defense personnel and certain forces designated by State or local Civil Defense authorities will take action in accordance with prescribed plans. Civil Defense Control Centers will become fully operational, and all personnel assig1:ed thereto will report for duty as soon as practicable.
The "red" alert will continue to mean that hostile attack is imminent, and further "red" warnings that the attack is still imminent. (Warbling siren or short toots of a whistle).
******
Mrs. G. W. Freiberg is the Deputy Directoc in charge of Women's
Affairs in Augusta. In addition to
her work with women's groups, she has been asked by Superintendent of Schools for Richmond County, Roy Collins, to assist in setting up a plan f oc the protection of children in the schools, white and colored.

MA RCH, 1953

THE ALERT
WASHINGTON DISPERSAL
FAVORED
Ever since the Hopley report five years ago recommended dispersal of government offices and bureaus in Washington, Civil Defense planners have been urging that something be done so that a single bomb will not wipe out several departments of our government. 1n the recommendations made by the Universities in their bombing study "East River Project", the recommendation is made that " ... the alternative here is to disperse agencies within the Capital area-not to shift them to some distant city." It also adds that, "The fact is that Congress and The President tend to lose control over agencies indescriminate ly placed outside the Capital. Except in unusual circumstances, the headquarters of Federal establishments should be here, but not jammed together so close that they could be wiped out by a single bomb. We think Congress should revamp the bill (being proposed by a group of ten Senators) in question so as to provide for systematic regionalization of branch offices and the gradual dispersal of the most strategically important agenc y headquarters in the periphery of Washington."
FIRE AND POLICE
COORDINATION
Macon and surrounding towns have worked out communication plans, completed engineering surveys and obtained competitive bids for the purchase of radio equipment for a comprehensive radio network which will provide constant communications for mutual aid in fire and police work. It is expected that Federal funds will pay one half the total cost.
A similar survey was conducted in Chatham County for a purely fire radio net but was not carried through to final action. This has now been revived and it is expected that it will soon be carried forward.
3

THE ALERT--------------------------------------

TORNADO WARN.ING
The Weather Bureau has established a tornado warning system in Georgia for the purpose of giving the people in cities and towns in the path of tornadoes an opportunity to seek shelter.
Athens has made plans to use the air raid war,ni!J.~ .sirens! with a distinctive signal, to warn its citizens of tornado danger.
Advice concerning steps to be taken when the siren sounds, whetber it signals an air raid or the approach of a tornado, will be printed and placed in hotel rooms, motels, restaurants and other public places. An effort is also being made to place these instructions on the first page of the telephone directocy. It is suggested that other cities and towns consider the advantages of the above plan. Federal matching funds are only available for the purchase of sirens in target areas.
TRAFFIC CLASS .IN APRIL
The "Emergency Traffic Control" course which was to have been given at Georgia Tech for Civil Defense personnel on April 6 has been postponed until April 27 and will run through May 8. Georgia is entitled to seven representatives in this class . One from the State Patrol, one from State Headquarters, one from the Highway Department, and the rest from cities in the state. There is no charge for tuition, as instruction is being furnished by the F.C.D.A.

BAS.IC CD CLASSES
Civil Defense Director George M. (Pup) Phillips and his host of willing workers ~e doing a good job in training volunteers for Civil Defense in the Metropolitan District, which includes the counties of Fulton, DeKalb, Cobb, and Clayton, He has found that capable women often do much better in the key jobs than men. Mrs. William C. Arnold has been named as Director of Zone 6-B, and she already has a talented staff lined up to help her with the work. Their training classes started February 12 at Eastwood Civitan Clubhouse in Kirkwood.
Some of the other classes m Basic Civil Defense now running are held at Decatur City Hall, Tuesdays, 8 P.M.; Chamblee City Hall, Thursdays, 8 P.M.; Eastwood Civitan Club, Thursdays, 10 A.M.; and Marietta Methodist Church at 10 A.M. on Fridays.
Anyone interested in taking this course can receive more information by attending one of the classes, or by calling Alpine 481.3.
SUCCESSFUL POW-WOW
The Medical conference of Civil Defense Health Service workers held in Kansas City in December was so successful that Director Ralph W. Hammond of Missouri hopes to repeat it in the near future.
Dr. Charles Eberhart of Atlanta represented both the City and State and his favorable comment on the meeting was rated very highly by those in charge.

THE DIRECTOR. SAYS:
(Continued from Page 1)
outlines and objectives have been set forth with cold-blooded realism in official documents of the Communist party.
Scattered throughout the United States, but concentrated in Major industrial areas, this conspiratorial apparatus of the Communist Party includes both physical property and expertly trained personnel.
The events of days to come will reveal the strength or weakness of the Communist underground. It has been years in the building. All the ingenuity of revolutionary conspirators has gone into its making. The Communists, on their part, have left no stone unturned. H possible, they will yet make the streets of America scenes of riotous confusion and bloodshed. It has happened elsewhere; IT CAN HAPPEN HERE.
President Eisenhower said m his State of the Union Message that because the building of a completely impenetrable defense against attack is still not possible, total defensive strength must include Civil Defense preparedness. Because we have incontrovertible evidence that Soviet Russia possesses atomic weapons, this kind of protection becomes sheer necessity- this work must go forward without lag.
Mrs. Estella Buchanan of Elmira, N. Y., is the first one i.n that city to reach the 250 hour service record as a;. GOC plane spotter. She was giveh a special award at a meetin g February 4.

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THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Ernes Gdn~~A LS~JS 8~.R:Yo

Vol. 3, No. 4

Atlanta, Ga.

MAY 26 195~

April, 1953

RATOR
Val Peterson, former governor of Nebraska, has been approved by the United States Senate to be Administrator of Civil Defense. It was approved unanimously by the Armed Services Committee. He held the position of administrative assistant to President Eisenhower for a short time. Deputy Administratoc James J, (Jerry) Wadsworth was acting Administrator following the resignation <lf Millard Caldwell. Jerry now goes to a new job as Deputy U.S. Representative to the United Nations.
Mr. Peterson is 49 years old, and during the late war was a Lt. Col. in the Air Force, serving in the China-Burma-India theatre. He was three times governor of Nebraska, from 1947 until 1953.

Ernest Vandiver
THE DIRECTOR SAYS ...
On 17 March, 1953, I witnessed the awesome fury of an atomic blast at Yncca Flats, Nevada.
A little town had been built near the exact spot where the A-Bomb was to explode, and was named "Doom Town".
Eve n though this was a smaller born b than the ones used on Hirosh ima a nd Nagasaki, Doom Town was virtually wiped off the map by the explosion, and would have killed 100,000 persons if the place had been populated by human be ings.
A modern six-room house, threequarters of a mile from the blazing nuclear bomb that hit with an impac t of 15,000 tons of TNT, was crushed as if by a million hammers. Anoth er, a mile and a half away, had its mannequin occupants hurled about, its windows smashed, doors
See THE DIRECTOR, Page 4

CD WORKERS GET RIBBONS
The New York City CD Director annom,ces that volunteer personnel will be given service ribbons to indicate the number of hours of active duty they have put in on Civil Defense. The ribbon will be given at the end of the first 200 hours, and every 200 put in thereafter a star will be given to be worn with the ribbon.
A commendation certificate for some especially meritorious service will also be accompanied by a service ribbon.
LOOKING FOR "A" BOMB
The Coast Guard and Customs officers have stopped and searched more than 1,500 ships in the past two years about 30 miles off of the port of New York looking for atomic weapons and other explosives, it was dis closed by Rear Admiral A. C. Richmond, Assistant Commandant of the Coast Guard. The Port Security program, started in October, 1950, has been causing about 100 ships a month to be

SHELTER PROGRAM
ACCELERATED
Activity on Atlanta's Shelter Program has been greatly intensified during the months of February and March. Volunteers from the Georgia Engineering Society and other Technical Volunteers held a meeting recently at the Atlanta C.D. Office to receive instruction on the methods of locating shelter areas in existing buildings. At the meeting thirty additional buildings to be analyzed for shelter purposes, were assigned to qualified engineers.
Mr. Marvin Russ, Coordinator of Atlanta's Shelter Program, reports to date that shelter space to accommodate some 50,000 persons has been located in buildings in downtown Atlanta, but this represents only a small percentage of the potential area that will ultimately be located when all modern buildings have been surveyed.
searched and now it extends to ten major port areas.

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Publilteci monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave. S.E.
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engl-rlng Olllcer ROBERT W. FINLEY Communication OH/cer MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women' Act/viti
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area D/rectOI'
M. L. LEGGETT Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Soutltwe.,ern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Soutlteatem Area Director
MRS.. fREJBERG NAMED
CD DIRECTOR FOR AUGUST A
Mrs. G. W. Freiberg, well-known Augusta Civic leader, has been appointed civil defense director foc Augusta, it was announced by Mayor Hugh L. Hamilton.
The mayor said Mrs. Freiberg will serve as a volunteer, to coordinate the many aspects of civil defense which need perfecting. He expressed confidence in her ability to perform the duties of the office.
Mrs. Freiberg succeeds the late Col. Weedon W. Barr, who had also served on a voluntary basis. Major Stewart P. Walker, another wellknown Augusta business man and civic leader, will continue to serve as deputy civil defense director.
Back in January of this year,
Mrs. Freiberg was sworn in as a
deputy director, having been recommended by Colonel Barr and Major Walker. She is president of the Richmond County ParentTeachers Council and has had considerable . experience in first aid work with the Red Cross. She has also been active in many other enterprises for the good of Augusta and Richmond County.

HOMEMAKERS WORK ON CD

MEDICAL SUPPLIES STORED

Future Homemakers are represented on Civil Defense by Joyce Champion, president of the Avondale FHA chapter and also state projects chairman for the Future Homemakers. She is believed to be one of the youngest women on any Wome ~ 's Advisory Board for Civil Defense in the entire United States. She made a report on the CD work in Georgia recently to the FHA executive board. Since the Future Homemakers are interested in all phases of safety, DeLoyce Strickland of Moultrie, state president, named Joyce to head a committee to look into the ways in which the FHA can work more closely in their own communities to co-operate with the Civil Defense program.
Mrs. J, M. Barber of Athens is state adviser for the Future Homemakers. Miss Inez Wallace, who is state supervisor of Homemaking Education in the State Department of Education, is chairman of the advisory board.
WOMEN MEET IN MACON
A Civil Defense "Workshop" for women leaders was held on March 26th at the S & S Cafeteria banquet hall in Macon. More than a hundred women from all parts of the state were present. The staff of the State Civil Defense Office and the area directors were all present and constituted a panel which led the discussions. Jack Grantham of Hapeville, Ben M. Erlich of Swainsboro, Mrs. Harold Hodgson of Athens, Hall Bell of Macon, Mrs . G. W. Freiberg of Augusta, and James R. .Sparks of Greenville were some of the other City Civil Defense Directors who spoke.
State Director Ernest Vandiver gave the principle address at the luncheon meeting. The subject was "The Importance of Women in Civil Defense".
*
One kangaroo mother to another kangaroo m other:
"Don't you hate these days wh en they can 't play outsid e? "

The FCDA is stocking a system of medical storehouses which will give every target city in the country access to medical supplies within four hours after a bomb drops, according to Dr. Norvin C. Kiefer, Director of FCDA Health Services. Lack of funds cut down the number of warehouses actually being used, hut it is hoped that this program can be carried to completion under President Eisenhower~ Most state officers and local CD officials feel that stockpiling is a job for the Federal Administration.

CONELRAD

The following Georgia stations are ready to participate in, the Government's Conelrad program. These stations will shift to 640 or 1240 kcs immediately upon receiving an alert and will continue to operate on one of these frequencies even during an air raid, if one should occur. The public will be kept informeJ of developments by your local Civil Defense Director. All stations not operating under Conelrad will remain silent.

STATIONS READY FOR CONELRAD

l. Atlanta 2. Atlanta 3. Atlanta 4. Atlanta 5. Columbus 6. Columbus
7. Gainesville
8. Gainesville 9. Macon
10. Macon 11. Macon 12. Macon 13. Savannah 14. Savannah 15 . Swainsboro 16. Thomasville 17. Thomson

WSB WAGA WGST WATL WDAL WRBL WGGA WDUN WMAZ WIBB WNEX WBML WSAV WTOC WJAT WPAX WTWA

* * :::
One doctor to another at a
draft-board induction center: "But then on the other hand
he's not in shape to be a civil ia n either."

2

APRIL, 1953

------------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT

MATCHING FUNDS PROGRAM

CD TO USE SYSTEM

MATCHING FUNDS

Applications have been approved for t he following pumpers. All are 750 gpm except Gainesville (1000 gpm ).

De Kalb Co.

2 Pirsch GMC

Ma r i e t t a

2 AmLaF GMC

Athe ns

2 (not yet awarded)

Ma con

2 (not yet awarded)

Griffin

1 Pirsch GMC

L a Gr a n g e

1 (not yet awarded)

C arr ollton

1 (not yet awarded)

Ga i n e s v i l l e

1 AmLaF "Spartan"

Commerce

1 AmLaF GMC

Da lton

1 AmLaF "Invader"

Jefferson

1 AmLaF GMC

Milledgeville 1 (not yet awarded)

Hartwell

1 AmLaF "Invader"

Hia wassee

1 FCDA

Wi nd e r

1 (not yet awarde.d)

Mill e d g e v i l l e ,

State Hospital 1 (not yet awarded)

20

In addition to the above, the foll owing applications for fire hose, under Federal procurement, have be e n approved and the Federal Government will begin delivery of this hose in the near future:

2~"

Milledgeville Hapeville Gai nesville Mar ie tta DeKa lb Co. Carr ollton Ce dartown LaGrange Commerce
Ro me
Hartwell Me tter Ma con College Park Hiawassee At hens Sylvester Winder Wa ynesboro College Park

2000 1000 1500 6000 4000 2000 600 1600 2000 3000 1000 2000 5000 500 1200 4000 1000 2000 1000 2000
43400

1~"
500 500 500 3000 1000 800 400 500 450 1000 500 800 1000 500 500 1000 300 600
1000
14000

TO MARK DANGER AREAS
Adoption of the same system of marking hazardous areas for civil defense as the armed ,forces use for military purposes was announced by the Federal Civil Defense Administration (FCDA).
The markings will warn civil defense workers and the public of areas that have been made dangerous by atomic, biological or chemical warfare agents, or by high explosive bombs or mines.
The marking system uses upsidedown triangular signs, measuring about a foot across the top and eight inches on the two lower sides.
The color and wording of the signs indicate what the danger isa red sign indicates "mines" or "unexploded bombs;" red-andwhite- "booby traps;" yellow" gas" or "toxic chemicals;" yellow-and-red- "germs;" and black-and-white for "radiological contamination."
The lettering will be in black in three (l:fferent places on both sides of the marker. The color marking will face away from the danger. The signs will be placed on fences, trees, rocks or stakes.
In adopting the danger-marking system, the FCDA said: "The development of military aviation and of guided missiles has made it possible for an enemy to launch attacks with biological warfare, chemical and radiological agents, and high explosive bombs or mines against civilian populations without physically overrunning or occupying the defended country.
"Proper marking of areas subjected to such attacks is exceedingly important, because civil defense and other authorized personnel whose duties require them to enter or work in such localities, as well as citizens, should be adequately informed as to the hazards which may be anticipated."
:;: * .,.
Girl, in livin g r oom wit h da te, to irate fat h er : 'Bill did go, F ather-th is is Marty."

FCDA has just advised that all unexpended balances must be reported prior to 1 May for reallo-
cation to other States. H you want
aid in purchasing sirens (target cities only), police or fire department radio equipment, rescue trucks, fire fighting equipment, movie projectors, etc., contact this office immediately by letter or te lephone (Dixie 2471).
POLICE EMERGENCY
It 1s recommended that all municipal police radio stations be equipped with one additional receiver and a switching device on their transmitter for operation on the emergency police frequency of 155.37mc. You can then corn municate with your nearby cities quickly in an emergency to request assistance, if needed. Matching funds are applicable.
BRUNSWICK MEETING
The Civil Defense Directors, and many city officials of counties and cities in the southeastern part of Georgia met at Brunswick on March 27 to hear inspirational talks by Director Ernest Vandiver and other Civil Defense workers of the state. Jack Williams, Sr., of Waycross and C. J, Broome, Jr., of Alma made talks on The Press and Civil Defense. Charles J. Musante, Director from Savannah gave a picture of what was being done in the larger cities. After viewing the "nuclear diagnostic shot" in Nevada he is still of the opinion that good protection from the A-bomb can be had with a two dollar shovel and a little elbow grease.
Details of the meeting were handled by Blanton Miller, CD Director of Brunswick and Hoyle Yandle, Area Director.
General Vandiver was introduced to the luncheon crowd by Hon. H. H. Thompson, Mayor of Lyons, Ga.

APRIL, 1953

3

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

WELFARE WORKERS

BLOCK SURVEY NEARING

THE DIRECTOR SAYS:

DISCUSS EMERGENCY

COMPLETION

(Continued from Page 1)

At the Mid-March meeting of the

A survey of all blocks in the

torn off and its foundations sepa-

Department of Public Welfare Field Representatives, the eleven workers who have the responsibility for superv1smg that program in the

downtown industrial and commercial section of Atlanta, is approximately 75% complete with all but 38 of the 154 blocks either completed or

rated as if by earthquake. Under a poisoned pall of radio-
active dust that blanketed Doom Town and what would have been

various parts of the state were in the process of being surveyed.

briefed by Mr. Phil Cawthon, Mr.

The purpose of the survey is to

its suburbs, the steel tops of cars were jammed down on the crushed

Harold Parker, and Miss Elizabeth Brown, on the problem of assisting local Department of Public Welfare Directtrs to become eective in aiding their Civil Defense Directors in Emergency Welfare Services organization. The meeting was developed not only to give a general idea of Emergency Welfare Services, but also specific techniques in community organization and the recruitment of people to do the Emergency Welfare task.
Miss Mary Brooks, Director of the Fulton County School Lunchroom Program, discussed the feeding problem in Civil Defense Welfare
Services. Mr. Cawthon outlined
ftr the staff the use of the Getrgia Communications network for ten gathering points for his staff of Field Representatives. The plan calls for each Field Representative to go to the communications point at the time of an alert and to

determine the normal peak of population of each individual block in the congested commercial and industrial sections of the city, and to locate buildings of certain qualifications which may provide potential shelter space. Qualified te ams of engineers are sent to these buildings so located to make a technical analysis of the building and locate available shelter space.
The line progress in Atlanta's Block Survey Program is due to the efforts of many civic minded women's organizations. Among the organizations participating in the survey are the Pilot Club, the B'nai B'rith Women, the Young Peoples Group of the Peachtree Road Methodist Church, The Georgia Federation of Women's Clubs and The Business and Professional Women's Club. Many individuals have answered the call for assistance in making this survey and

heads of dummy occupants. Some blazed, consumin~ occupants. Others had been picked up by the stupendous forces of the I:Jomb and hurled about, just as those same forces had sucked up a 20-ton tank and flipped it away.
All was chaos in the little town that had been built to be sacrificed in the continuing research on how best to defend against an enemy A-Bomb.
An intriguing aspect of this detonation is the fact that it was neither a bomb nor an atomic shell, but was officially described as a "device". But, whatever it may be called I feel sure that the moment of the explosion and the things that followed on the ground and in the sky will never be forgotten by those who saw it. Above all, it constituted an irrefutable argument against another world war and m favor of lasting universal peace.

immediately contact the state control center for instructions on

even volunteers from The Junior Chamber of Commerce have under-

BAILEY FOR JONES IN N.C.

the coordination of all the county Department of Public Welfare personnel in the area about the communications point.
During the next coming month these eleven field representatives of the Department of Public Welfare will he contacting in their regular business all of the counties in the state of Georgia.

taken to survey some of the more difficult blocks.
The City and State Civil Defense Offices take this opportunity to thank all the individuals who have so generously given of their time to gather this essential information.
Husband to wife: "Sure you can have a fur coat-who wants to give you one?"

William F. Bailey has been appointed by Gov. Umstead to replace Easy (E. Z.) Jones as Director of Civil Defense after Easy's resignation. Jones has been a hard working volunteer worker for CD ever since its start. His voice was heard in nearly every discussion, and he was easily seen, too.

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THE GEORGIA

Depa rtm ent of Defense, Civil Defen s e Div is ion, Ern e

Vo l. 3, No. 5

Atla nta, Ga .

May, 1953

pL. 875 EXPL II lfY OF utulilliA

AT F.C.D.A CONFERENCE

Civil Defense representatives and major disaster, a nd the Preside nt

Hed Cross worke rs from the South- ap pealed to to apply P.L. 875.

eas tern states met in Atlanta on

In working with disasters the Red

April 16 and 17 to discuss ways in Cross appeals directly to The Army

which government agencies could for help . and in this instan ce the

work with these two organiz'ltions

avy and Air Force back up The

in case Public Law 875 was brought Army in supplying assistance.

into use on a major disaster . Men F .C.D.A . doe s not come into the

from the Department of Engineers, picture until it has been declared a

Ernest Vandiver

Produce Marketing Administration, Food Distribution Commission,

major disaster. Only Red Cross fu nds raised entirely by voluntary

THE DIRECTOR

U.S. Forestry Service, Civil Service, Department of Commerce::, including Bureau of Public H.oads, C.A.A.,

subscription are used in disasters, and the government never reimburses the Red Cross . Even if a maj or

SAYS ...

Weather Bureau, and Coast and Geodetic Survey, Army, avy, Air Force, Coast Guard, and the various

emergency occurs, and the governme nt contributes, this money could be used only to restore public

We are now exchanging war bureaus of the Department of Health, utilities, clear debris, and similar

prisoners! We thank God for this Education and Welfare all told what uses, and not to rehabilitate or

action and hope that it can be their organizations could be counted feed individuals except those

worked out whereby all of our boys upon to contribute. The F.C.D.A . actually workin g on the project.

who are prisoners can be freed. It represented by Ernest Hall, Arthur

t

is e ncouraging and a step in the Morrell, and Chester Page, all of

righ t direction for world peace.

Washington, and the Re gional

The State of Georg ia was the first

However, we must not let our

officers located in Atlanta then told

State to win approval, by FCDA

guard down. It would be extremely how they would co-ordinate these

and FCC, of its RACES Plan. So

foo lish to start disarming and various agencies in contributing to

far as is known it is the only State

demobilizing at this time. The same a major disaster under P .L. 875.

Plan approved to date.

goes for civil defense. We must not

The Red Cross, represented by

be lulled into a false feeling of Clarence How land and Max Rote of

sec urity. We must continue our Was hington and the southeastern

"PUP" PHILLIPS PASSES

program a nd be ready for any eventuality. Unpreparedness is a

area dis aster team cleared up what had been hazy lines between a

Ge or ge M. Phillips, Civil Defe nse Director of the Atlanta

sure way to invite disaster.

calamity, a disaster, and a major

Metropoli tan Area died at his home

Civil Defense IS a national ins urance policy. We are buying it, not because we are sure something wi ll happen, but because we want

disaster. At least five families have to be involved before a calamity is called a disaster. Only when the state declares it is unable to cope

o n Moy 1, after on active day's work at h is d ifficult tosk.
He did a good jo b in spite of the mony d iff iculties encountered fr om those who were less enthus i

real protection if something does with the situation without outside

a s t ic.

ha ppen.

help is a disaster classed as a

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
At/onto, Georgia
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T . WHITE Public Information Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
M. L. LEGGETT Central Area Director
HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director
HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
2200 Marines In Atomic Maneuvers
Marines in full battle gear "captured" an atomized "beachhead" by land and helicopter April 18 as the dust settled from one of the biggest nuclear explosions ever set off in the U.S. In the first helicopter atomic maneuver for the Marine Corps a force of 2,200, including 200 in forty Sikorsky helicopters, mopped up an "enemy positions" still radioactive from a predawn blast so powerful it was heard 250 miles away. A supersecret part of the test put six Marine and six Army officer volunteers in six-foot-deep foxholes, somewhere in advance of the trench positions held by the Marine troops two and one-third miles from the tower. This was the 27th atomic explosion on this continent and the sixth of the current spring test series. (UP-NYTimes)
The Georgia Forestry Commission is now using the State Civil Defense Radio installation as its headquarters base station by remote controll from the mam office in Atlanta.
2

Soroptimisls Helping C D

MAJ. THOMAS W. TURBIVILLE
NEW COORDINATOR
Major Turhiville is completely enthusiastic about his assignment as Air Force Coordinator for Georgia. We can expect to see a great deal of him in the various Civil Defense Offices throughout the state. He succeeds Major Shaheen.
Major Turhiville is a native Georgian and makes his home in Decatur. He attended Georgia schools and joined the Armed Forces from our state. Prior to entering the service, he worked with the Army Signal Corps. Major Turbiville brings an extensive experience to his new assignment. He served three and a half years in Europe with the Corps of Engineers during World War ll as Heavy Equipment and Construction Officer building airfields. Prior to this, he taught technical subjects in the Engineer School at Fort Belvoir, Virginia. He has just returned from a tour of duty with the Fifth Air Force in Korea, where he served in both the field and on the Headquarters Staff.
The three taxi companies of Chemung County, N. Y., have agreed to transport spotters to the three Chemung County observation posts free as their contribution toward Civil Defense. It was found that many persons were prevented from volunteering because they did not have adequate transportation.

Civil Defense is a part of the Action Program of all of the Georgia Soroptimist Clubs whose units are made up of professional and executive business women, each member representing a different business or profession. Programs have featured Civil Defense with speakers, films, and distribution of literature on all phases of Civil Defense, such as organizations for Civil Defense, defense against gases, the Filter Center and Ground Observer Program. Member!" have enrolled in First Aid, Home Nursing, and Basic Civil Defense courses, and are serving as volunteers.
Miss Peggy Launius, who represents the Georgia Clubs on the Women's Advisory Committee for Civil Defense, is a member of the Atlanta Soroptimists. She not only is interested in the program as an individual and club member, hut, she took as her personal responsibility, the informing and t;aining in Civil Defense for the young women at the ten Churches Homes for Girls in Atlanta. A motion pict~e "How to Survive the Atom Bomb" was shown at each of the Homes. Instructions in Fire Fighting was given and drills held. Areas were marked, and classes arranged in Home Nursing, Warden Service, and First Aid. This project with its protection of the Churches Homes for Girls is an illustration of the type work done by the Soroptimists.
******
A woman is Griffin's newly appointed Civil Defense DirectorMrs. Sara Padgett. She is planning to set up a Women's Advisory Committee.
Blind man: ''Ain't you got two singles, buddy? These two-dollar bills are bad luck."
Sgt.: "How do you know it's a two-dollar bill, if you're blind?"
Blind man: "Oh, I ain't blind. My partner is. It's his day off and he went to the movies. Me, I'm a d e a f - m u t e ."

MAY, 1953

Governor Hermo n Talmadge wears no man 's collar, but he does wear o Civil Defense "dog tog." Ge orgia Ci v il De f ense Di rector Ernest Vandiver has just tagged the governor to ini tiate the campaign to have every citizen of Georgia tagged.

CD UN WANTED BABY
Speaking a t a CD industrial conference at U. of Te nnessee State Adjutant General Joe W. Henry, Jr. s tated that Civil Defense , heretofore a n "unwanted baby " must rank on a par with military readiness. He said that the United States could no longer depe nd upon military might to keep the enemy frnm dropping bombs here, and that the s tates, cities, and Federal Government might just as we ll adopt CD, the "unhappy orphan."
Tennessee is following the plan already used in Georgia of letting the burden of C ivil Defense fall upo n the state agencies that are normally responsib le for the various activities and services in time of peace .
Wife: "I was a fool when I married you."
Hubby: "I guess so, but I was too infatu'lted to notice."
Wife to husband inspecting a new r efrigerator: "The salesman sa id it was the latest thing-all yo u. have to do is put a cake of Ice m 1t every day."

RACES ON THE JOB
P hil Jones, radio operator for Athens Civi l Defe nse was in contact with ham operators at Warner Robins, Georgia, all night on April 30 whe n the tornado tore into that city causing death a nd destruction . The te lephones were out of order for hours, but Jones relayed messages to Washington, and other interested parties until after daylight. He also belongs to RACES, the emerge ncy ne twork of the "Ham" operators .
T he Georg ia Cracker Radio Club is due credit for setti ng up tbe emergency stati on a t Warner Robins.
FAR WEST ALERT
States in the far west from Alaska to Arizona will have a preparedness alert on June 6. The current status of Civil Defense in each of the states will be highlighted by a cntlque fo llowing the alert. A meeting of the Directors concerned will be held in Salt Lake City May 14-15 for a general review of the plans.

MAY, 1953

CD WAVELENGTHS
The "Radio TV Daily" carries a story stating that Admiral is putting out a portable radio on which the Civil Defense frequencies to be used in case of disaster (640 and 1240 KC) are marked "CD" on the dial. In case of a red a lert all TV and FM stations are to go off of the air, and all AM stations will switch to the above frequencies and broadcast only the program allowed by the FCC and FCDA. Marking the dial this way will keep people from forgetting just what channels the broadcasts will come through.
COMMUN.ICATION PLAN
The State Commun ication Plan contemplates strengthening police and fire radio installations, with the assistance of Federal Matching Funds to permit cities to communicate with their neighbors direct by radio and to have direct radio communication with their fire and police vehicles. All cities having fire and police vehicles available for support of target cities are
eligible. By this s ystem any city
will be able to call on its neighbors for assistance, in an emergency, by radio.
All auto radios are battery operated, and they will be of great use in an emergency when the power lines are off. Conelrad will . use 640 and 1240 KC.
CAP.ITAL A-BOMB
On April 6 a large economy size atomic bomb was exploded above Yucca Flats at an altitude of 5,000 feet. This is the highest that any of the 40 thus far have been set off. It is reported that very little dust was kicked up from the ground contrast with the explosi on at the top of a 300 foot tower on Marc h 17. The stem of the mushroom cloud was also lacking. Cars on the ground were set on fire, a nd the cloud was visible in Mexico.
3

THE ALERT---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

COLUMBUS TORNADO
On the day following the conference in Atlanta on use of Red r.ross and Civil Defense in Major Disasters, a wind of hurricane force hit the city of Columbus and the plans so thoroughly discussed at the conferen~e were put into practice. Robert T. Sheplar, Assistant Director of Disaster Service for the Southeastern Area was made co-ordinator of the Columbus district and work was begun immediately on shelter and feeding.
A survey by the Red Cross showed 499 homes to he totally destroyed, 1648 had major damage, 552 suffered minor damage, and 500 business buildings were badly damaged. Two persons were killed, and several hundred treated for injuries. The medical personnel of Columbus and nearby cities handled the situation. The Georgia Welfare Department sent some of their Civil Defense disaster workers to help the Red Cross.
It is thought that 90% of the damaged houses will he partly covered by insurance .
A shoct course in Civil Defense is planned at The University of Georgia for the summer of 1953. The tentative dates are August 3-7. Eugene Weldon will he in charge .
All unobligated Matching Funds will be withdrawn on 30 April, 1953. Get ready for new allocations after 1 July and get your applications in early.

. FILM STRIPS REDUCED
We have been notified by the F .C.D.A. that the price of the six film strips and records for use in training wardens has been reduced from S25 to $17. Another set of six warden training units is in the process of being made, and will be ready shortly. Most any city CD Director can find a record player and a picturoll projector to use, and this makes a good and economical way of giving instruction to wardens.
MAY 17, G.O.C. DAY
Governor Talmadge has signed a Proclamation declaring Sunday, May 17, 1953, as Ground Observer Corps Day in Georgia in recognition of the exemplary job the volunteers hove done ond ore doing. He stated, "I know that the citizens of Georgia will join me in expres sing gratitude to you Volunteer Members of the Ground Observer Corps who hove given so freely of your time toward the defense of our country.''
The recent tests in Nevada showed that an automobile is a relatively safe place outside the one mile zone if you open the windows a nd get on the floor.
FEDERAL FUNDS
The Federal Government is placing on deposit with the State Treasurer its share of the cost of all equipment purchased under the 1952-3 Matching Funds Program. It will, therefore, be ready for quick payment when the items are delivered.

RESCUE TEAMS NEEDED
One thing proved by the "nuclear diagnostic shot" in Nevada for the benefit of Civil Defense was the need for rescue teams. The makeshift shelters used by the mannequins in both of the houses that were blasted by the shot proved to he adequate to protect those in them, hut they were covered with debris. Those inside could not have gotten out without the help of someone from the outside The Civil Defense rescue squads are charged with this duty. They are important cogs in the wheel of Civil Defense.
MAY ARRIVES APRIL FIRST
Miss Geraldine May, a member of the faculty of the Civil Defense Staff College of Olney, Maryland, and formerl y head of the Women's Air Force, spoke to the Georgia Federation of Women's Clubs m their annual meeting at Atlanta on April first.
She said that the women were "naturals" to exert leadership in Civil Defense Organizations. She urged all of those present to ahow the ir nei ghbors the need for Civil Defense and to ge t them to enroll in some capacity.
Miss May was introduced by Ernest Vandiver, Director of Civil Defense for Georgia at the lunche<>Jt .~' meeting.
The sixth grade of the Vidette, Georgia Elementary School has formed a "Civil Defense Club" for the purpose of keeping the school posted on Civil Defense matters.

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THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Ernest

Vo l. 3, No. 6

Atlanta, Ga.

June, 1953

Ernest Vandiver

THE DIRECTOR

SAYS. In the Spring of l g,}2, and in this

Spring of 1953 --- just a few weeks

ago --- this nation suffered heavy

attacks on its home front, and

espec ially here in Georgia at Colum-

bus and Warner Robins . We are

thankful that these were not attacks

by a cold a nd calculating enemy

whos e planes carried atomic and

other modern weapons of war. We

ca n be thankful, that as disastrous

as these home front attacks were,

they were natura l peace-time dis-

asters

storms, tornadoes and

floods.

Because of these natural disas-

ters the nation has discovered it

has a new major community facility.

This facility ts organized Civil

Defense.

The outstanding and heroic work

done by civil defense volunteer

workers in these disasters has

helped ans wer an important question.

See THE DIRECTOR, Page 4

NEW TYPE AIR WARNING
Oakla nd CD offic ials hit upon a novel idea t o warn residents in an inexpe nsive way of pending air raids. In circulars spread around town the y as ked every automobih owner to blow his car horn for three minutes during the air raid test at noo n on May 2. When zero hour ca me and imaginary planes flew toward Oakland only eight car horns were heard giving the warning. T he CD Corps said it would probably try the test again, or maybe, think of something else.
Atlantians would have a hard time telling this sort of an air-raid warning from th> usual pa ndemonium of the 4:30 traffic jam.
CARS TO BE RETURNED
Cars used in the atomic weapons tests by FCDA will be returned to the .::ar dealers who furnishe d them through cooperation of the ational Automobile Dealers Assn. Authorities plan to release a report and conclusions reached from the tests after automotive and defense experts have studied the results. They hope to report information which may assist the aut o industry in increasing passenger safety in future designs. In addition, FCDA officials will issue information to the public indicating the safest action to take in event of an atomic attack. (Reno Gazette)
If people realize that after the blast wave passes, and the debris has stopped flying the damage done by a bomb is over, they will not panic.

LEXINGTON HAS GOOD
SMALL TOWN DEFENSE
Lexington, Ga., is one of the smaller towns of Georgia that is being well organized for Civil Defense. Although they have a population of only 500, Marvin Sisk, the county CD Director is getting things set up to meet any emergency in Augusta, Athens, or Atlanta, as well as a natural disaster that may occur in Lexington.
l'vrs. T. C. Brooks, City CD Chairman, has completed a house to house canvas to determine just what each can contribute toward the plan. Arrangements have been made to provide for pre-school children, those in school, pre g nant wome n, and those in need of food or clothing. The Baptist Church, American Legion, SherifPs office, and a local transportation committee are all working on these plans. At meetings of the different clubs members are being asked to bring worn out but clean sheets which will be stored in lard cans at different locations so that they can be used for bandages if the need should arise. Storage of the whole sheet is preferred because one cannot tell in advance just what size bandage or dressing -will be needed.
Seven ground observation posts have alrP.ady been organized in Oglethorpe County, and two more are
- planned. - - - - - - Trinity College of Hartford and the University of Bridgeport both have Civil Defense units organized completely of college personnel.

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Georgia High Schools Form Spotters Clubs

Georgia's high school students have taken the lead in bolstering the air detection capability of the Peach State.
Juniors and seniors in nearly 100 Georgia high schools have formed Aircraft Spotters Clubs as a part of the statewide high school civ il defense program. They are training to serve as ground observers and filter cente1 volunteers. Eventual plans call for the organization of similar clubs in practically all of Georgia's 450 high schools.
This new attack on the universal problem of GOC recruiting was devised by Georgia's Director of Civil Defense, Major General Ernest Vandiver, and Major .Edmund Shaheen, former GOC coordinator for the state of Georgia. With the cooperation and a pproval of the State Department of Education, they have tapped the great resource of Georgia's youth to help man the state's 500 sta nd-by observation posts.
The plan had its begin nings in October, 1952, whe n the firs t Aircraft Spotters Club was organized at Athens High School. Athens was selected to "test-run" the plan because of its excellent civil defense program. An attenda nce of about 25 was expected at the first meeting, but officials were pleasantly surprised when over 100 enthusiastic stu dents appeared to volunteer their services.
During subsequent mon ths, clu b members received basic GOC instruction from filter center teams. They subsequently took part in training exercises at the Athens OP and proved to be very capable observers. The experiment was a success.
The next step was to expand the program throughout the rest of the state. To start the ball rolling, a section of a new Civ il Defense Manual for schools was devoted to the GOC. This was followed up by letters from the Department of Education to 200 county school superintendents and 450 high school principals pointing out the need for the GOC and urging strong support by the schools.
Then General Vand iver wrote to all of the high schools and asked specihcally for help in establishing Aircraft Spotters Clubs. Principals were requested to name faculty advisors for the clubs.
Each of these advi sors then received

sample by-laws for the club, GOC background information kits, recruiting posters and other materials to help get the club going.
Once an Aircraft Spotters Club is organized in a Georgia high school , training classes are scheduled with filter center traini ng teams. As the club matures, however, the train ing of new junior members ca n be taken ove r by the seniors.
In add ition to their primary mission of trai ning to be ground observers, the Ai rcraft Spotters Clubs also hold regular so-
cial events. This helps to maintam the interest and enthusiasm of the members.
The second Aircraft Spotters Club in Georgia was established at Atlanta's Southwest High School. After basic training, the members of this club have the choice of serving in the Atlanta Filter Center or standing watch at one of two
A.IR DEFENSE FACTS
by Major T. W. Turbiville
With Air Defense plainly labeled as the greatest problem this country faces today, it is particularly imp<rtant that fact he separated from fancy, and that all citizens be informed of current developments in the Air Defense Field, consistent with good security. The answers to our Air Defense problem are now being sought through an effort comparable to that which produced the first atomi c bomb. The Air Defense equivalent of the World War .ll Manhattan Proj ect, is known as Project Lincoln, and is being managed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under an Air Force contract. Lincoln Air Defense Laboratocy, at Cambridge, Massachusetts, has a staff of some 1,600, including some 350 .full fledged scientists, and a direct annual budget of $20 milli on. Project Lincoln has already reached a high stage of accomplishment.
While the actual experiments and accomplishments of this project are still classified, the sum total of

nearby ground observer posts for credit.
With two outstanding examples to follow, other high schools throughout the state Rocked to the program. Even two colleges, the University of Georgia and Georgia Tech, formed spotter clubs.
When the high school spotters program was well under way and its effectiveness proven, General Vandiver set out to spread the unique idea far beyond Georgia's boundaries. He sent copies of the basic plan to fel low state civil defense directors all over the country, offering it to them as a guide for setting up similar program~ in th eir own states.
Meanwhile, Georgia is forging ahead with its program to spread the Aircraft Spotters Club idea to all of its high schools. The youth of Georgia is rapidly filling the ra nks of the state's first line of air defense.
ESPEC.IALLY AMERICA
Major Frari.k Zeidler of Milwaukee says that the Soviet Union is seized by a political religion that all the world hates the Russian people. The Soviet Union mnst, therefore, strike outward. The system has no internal check to prevent it from aggressive warfare, thus it resembles Hitler's system on the need to quarrel continually with everybody. Until such time as a more sensible attitude prevails in the Soviet Union, we will need the best system we can supply for our own Civil Defense.
brain power represented by the eminent scientists engaged here is sufficient to expect satisfactory results .
Regardless of this and other experiments however, there is no new or revoluti onary systt:m to work with at prese nt. Volunteer workers in our Filter Centers and the Ground Observer Posts throughout the State are, and will remain, a vital necessity. There is no substitute for the eyes, the ears and the intelligence of patriotic Americans!

2

June, 1953

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End Plates )t.."golvonized shHt steM.Lefl Of>d plo fo hos 36" diameter hoi for ~Y exit , ccwn~d rtiftt '/""4 steel piGte 42 in diorMter Right end plot ho e/llptlcol Ito,. , ~r tlc ol mtis .38~ horizontal oxlt 3.3 ~
SEMIBURIED 5PLINTERPROOF AIR- RAID SHELTER

For 4 persons T he Air Raid Shelter P lan shown above is recom-

areas . The Alert will fr om time t o time publish other

mended as being suitable for residential backyard installation. T he plan is one of several possible types

s uggested plans for hom e type s helters so that the individua I may select the type most suitable to his

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THE ALERT ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

"SEASONS" INTERFERE

STATE AGENCIES TO WORK CD

THE DIR E CTOR. SAYS :

The Colorado Civil Defe nse I3ulletin says that "t he seasons" interfere s eriously wit h the Civil Defense program in that state. Some of the s easons t hat keep the volunteer he lp fr om participating in CD are~ Pl a nting Seas on, Cultivating Season, F ishing Season , Tourist Season, Rode o Seas on,

Governur Gregg of New Hampshire has announced that he is going to reorganize Civi l Defense in that state so as to throw more of the work on the already establishe d state agencie s . He will personnally superv ise the bureau and let the agencies handle the detailed work with people paid out

(Continued from Page 1)
Is it possible to keep large numbers of trained volunteers for civil defense, constantly on the alert, constantly ready for action from now until as far in the future the threat of communist, or any other aggression persist? I now believe it is poss ihle!

Fair Season, Omvention Seas on, of their own funds. He emphasized

Vacation Seas on, Ele ct ion Season, Hunting Season, Skiing Se ason, Round-up Season, Branding Season,

tha t there is a real need for an efficient CD program as part of the national defense effort. He feels

AUXILIARIES HAVE AUTHORITY

Shearing Se ason , Harves t Seas on, that the whole state government

Marketing Season, and a few others . ought to ge t into the act instead of

During a CD alert in Syracuse,

The Civil Defens e Seas on is from charging one newly formed bureau N.Y., an automobile driver was

January 1 to December 31 , but with the respmsihi lity.

most people think it is t he other

This genera l plan has bee n in

wa y arou nd, from Dece mber 31 to operation in Georgia from the s tart.

January 1.

PREACHl:RS CAN EARN $10

Maynard Ashworth, publ isher of the Columb us Ledger-Enquirer,

J.

H.

Da~ie,

Director

for

Oheiil~

..- Carlton Morrison of .. . 'Journal-Constitution,

the Atlanta and Louis

told to pull over to the side of the street until the "all clear" was sounded. The driver ignored the instructions and drove on. The Auxiliary Policeman took the tag number and hauled him into court a few days later
Judge Truman Preston fined the

C ounty New York, has ,announced tha t he will give any mini.ster in th ~

C . Harris, managing editor of the A1.1gus ta Chronicle have a ll bee n

driver $10 in traffic court, and said: "A member of the Civil Defense

county who would enlist from his appearing before numerous C IVI C Auxil iary Police has the same

parish e no ugh folks to man their clubs and other groups and preac h- powers as the regular police force

observa tion post for on"' week a ing the gospel of Civil Defe nse during Civil Defense emergencies

prize of ten dollars. "And I will since they witnessed the atom ic and. tests".

s in g a solo for him a ny Sunday "nuclear diag nostic shot" on March

T he Georgia law gives "all the

morni ng without charge " , he adds.

17, at Yucca Flats.

orders, rules, and regulations

T he same offer is made to the

prom ulgated by the Governor, or

firs t sc hool princ ipal and class operating their post for one week.

Hartford, Connecticut has been by any political subdivision chosen by Federal Civil Defense the full force and effe ct of law ".

* * *
The judge asked why the case wasn't settled out of court.
"That's what we rwere doing, your honor," Timothy answered, "until t h e cops interfered."
* * *
Wave: "I certainly don't like all these flies ."
Sailor: "You just pick out the ones you like and I'll kill the rest."

as a pilot town in which to emphasize the plan of decentralizi ng in industrial target areas, using A-bomb resistant structures , s helters for workers and other techniques designed for factories. Governor Val Peterson said this pr ogram would also he aimed at protection of the workers from natural disasters in peacetime.

An order by CD to ke e p off of a highway, or keep out of a certain area would have the force of law.
* * *
Chief, on telephon-e: " Doctor , m y lit t lt:: boy just swallowed my founta in pen."
Doctor: "Heavens ! I 'll come at once. What are yo u doing in the m eantime ? "
Chief: "Using a pencil. "

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TilE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Ernest Vandiver. State Director

Vol. 3, No. 7

Atlanta, Ga.

July, 1953

Ernest Vandiver
THE DIRECTOR SAYS ...
Did you know that during the life time of most adults, the size of the earth has shrunk on a scale comparable to the shrinking of the size of a baske tb a II to tha t of a golf ball --this shrinkage, is of course, due to aviation! This is comfortable and cozy for all of us who are friends because it brings us closer together. But it hecomes ominous a nd bewildering as our pote ntia l enemies also are brought much closer.
I do not need to remind you that this uncomfortable situation of nearness to our potential enemies is made much more serious by the fact that new weapons, hundreds of times more powerful than a ny other weapons: , have been in the hands of these same potential enemies for more than three years.
lieutenant General Thomas D. White, Ueputy Chief of Staff Opera-
See THE DIRECTOR, Page 4

TWIIIIG FAVORS CIVIL DEFENSE

The following letter written by General H. F . Twining of the Air Force to Henry Larson, President of the .A. C.D.D. speaks for itself.

Mr. Henry L. Larson, Pres ident The National Association of
Civil Defense Directors 300 Logan Street Denver, Colorado

8 June 1953

Dear Mr. Larson:

Thank you for your re cent letter regarding my Armed Forces Day address in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Attached is a copy of my complete spee..:h.
You are quite right in saying that without Civil Defense our offensive capability might be seriously dama ged. It is also true that no amount of defense at home can save us from destruction unless we have a strong offensive capability. These facts are mutually supporting. I believe that efforts to improve Civil Defens e are improving our offensive capabi lity, just as I believe that emphasizing the necessity for long-range air power will increase interes t in Civil Defense.
For many years it has been customary to point out that the defens e of this country does not begin on our own shores but out where our fighting men are stationed or in the countries of our allies. At Milwaukee I tried to express this idea in terms of air warfare. The re ferences were all geographical and had nothing to do with time.
We know that our most effective air countermeas ures will be those that extend over the enemy's bas es rmd that is the beginning of our defense in depth against strikes launched from thos e bases.
We cannot predict with certainty just whe n or at what point we might receive our firs t warning of enemy at.tack. It might be early and far away or it might be late and near at hand. The latter possibility is what makes Civil Defens e particularly important, not only to alert our defenses and set off our counterattacks, but aLs o to save lives.
The Air Force will continue to advocate a strong Air Defense that includes adequate Civil Defense and a vigorous Ground Observer Corps as part of our total defens e, as we have so often do ne in the past in our public addresses. I am attaching a copy of a speech made in Vancouver on Armed Forces Day by General Thomas D. White, who will soon take my place as Vi ce Chief of Staff. General White discusses specifically Civil Defense and the Ground Observer Corps.

Sincerely,
N. F. TWINING General, USAF Vice Chief of Staff

THE ALERT------------------- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DE FENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave. , S.E.

blows against this country. "FACT NO. 3: The existing and
prospective military resources available, for our air defenses are insufficient, by themselves, for adequate

Atlanta, Georgia

air defense."

ERNEST VANDIVER

To supplement these "three hard

Director

facts," their statement added:

FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director

"Soviet air power is in steady and relentless expansion. The Soviet

CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer

Air Forces already include 20,000 first-line aircraft, plus another 20,000

WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer

in reserve. Of this total of 40,000 military aircraft, some 8,000 are jets,

MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activiti;s

primar~ly fighters. The American people must understand that the air

JERRY CAUBLE

defense of the continental United

Northern Area Director

States is not a job that can be done

M. L. LEGGETT

by the military alone. 1t is too big

Centra/ Area Director

for that. It is a complicated task in

HARRY U. JACKSON

which civil authorities, the public,

Southwestern Area Director

and the military must act as one."

HOYLE R. YANDLE

Therein lies the nucleus--the hard

Southeastern Area Director

core-of the concept on which the

air defense of the United States is

AIR DEFENSE FACTS

based. It is the base upon which it is being organized and developed. As

By Major Thomas W. Turbiville

difficult as our task might seem,

Last August the Secretary of the there is reason to believe that it is

Air Force and the Federal Civil dwarfed, both in scope and in how

Defense Administrator issued a joint far it has progressed, by comparable

statement pointing up what they measures undertaken within Soviet

called "three hard facts.'' These . Russia. Nevertheless, our system

facts, which they asserted the Amer- -allowing for its known limitations

ican people "would do well from this and conceding the impossibility at

point on to reckon among other ser- present of achieving a perfect de-

ious and stubborn facts which govern fense-- is devised to take the maxi-

our lives," are:

mum advantage of the tools at hand.

"FACT NO . 1: Soviet Russia al- The Air Defense segment in Geor-

ready possesses a long-range air gia, your Ground Observer Corps,

force capable of launching a highly although advanced in both organiza-

destructive, and possibly devasta- tion and efficiency, needs more

ting, atomic air attack against the volunteers at all Observer Posts,

vital c anmunities of this Nation. and at Filter Centers in Savannah

That force already includes many and Atlanta. We must prepare for the

TU-4e-long-range bombers adapted time when the Georgia GOC might

from our B-29 and B-50 designs. It go on 24 hour skywatch duty. Talk

is a reasonable assumption that 400 to your neighbors and friends. Re-

or more of these heavy bombers cruit more volunteers.

could be concentrated in an initial Welcome news to Atlanta Filter

attack against this Nation.

Center volunteers. Air conditioning

"FACT NO . 2: The continuing is now being installed in the Center

expansion of the Soviet Union's long- at 2939 Peachtree Road, N.'E . Work

range aviation, in combination with is in progress and should be complet-

its rapid progress in the develop- ed within the next few days.

ment of atomic weapons, brings ever

closer the day when the Soviet Union

"A husband's better judgm en t Is

will possess in reserve the means to

what tells him not to Insist on i t."

sustain a succession of massive air

-Franklin P. Jones.

2

SCHOOL BOYS TAKE FIREMAN TRAINING
Taking exactly the same course given to adults, 25 serious Oneonta (Otsego, N. Y.) High School boys are learning to fight fires. The youthful CD Emergency Crew is not to be called out except in grave emergency. Such emergency might occur if all the trained men were called out of Oneonta. Secondary effect of the training, however, Fire Chief Joseph M. Stapleton told the PubEc Safety Board when asking for permission to enroll and train such a group, is that they could go into action even before arrival of the city department, should there be any emergency in the school buildings during school hours.
Chief Scanlon, with the aid of Richard Hobbie, of the school faculty began instruction with information of the major types of fires as listed by the Board of Underwriters, and the "triangle of combustion," without which no fire can exist.
TRAI.N.ING AT UNIVERSITY
At the request of many Civil Defense officials, mayors, civil defense leaders, and other groups,
Ernest Vandiver, Civil Defense Director of Georgia, has arranged for the Georgia Civil Defense School to be held at the University of Georgia in Athens on August 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, 1953.
This introductory course in Leadership Training is designed for key defense officials such as mayors,
city directors, c1vic leaders, church groups, and industrial security directors and other volunteers who have the responsibility for organization and dire'ction of Civil Defense programs in large metropolitan areas and small communities.
The course consists of: review of the international situation, methods of assaying the vulnerability of communities to attacks from natural disasters and atomic bombings, Civil Defense operational problems, discussion and demonstration methods of establishing training programs, and many other pertinent Civil Defense problems.
JULY, 1953

BU SINE SS & PROFESS.IONAL WOME N HAVE BIG CD PROJECT

The Ge org ia Federation of Bus i-

ness and Professional Women's Clubs

at the Annual Convention held in

Albany voted unanimously (1) to

promote tra ining for instructors in

Civ il Defense Courses, (2) to pro-

mote orga nized Red Cross Home

1urs ing a nd Firs t Aid Courses, (3)

to as sis t in survey of public build-

ings , (4) to work more earnestly

toward alerting the citizens to the

grea t dangers facing th em .and make

them more conscious of the impor-

tance of preparedness, and (5) to

hold Workshops on Civil Defense in

each District to help the local chairma n better understand their responsibi lities . Mrs. Hazel S. Franklin of Savannah, State Chairman of ational

THIS IS ELLIOTT new Civi I Defense politon Atlonto.

R. JACKSO N, the Director for Metro

Security for Miss Webb's Administration presented these recommendations

METROPOLITAN ATLANTA

to the Convention Body. Georgia 's Bus iness and Profes-

HAS NEW D.IRECTOR

siona l Women with 41 local clubs Governor Talmadge has appointed and 1, 731 members have been partic- Elliott R. Jackson, Civil Defense

ipating in the Civil Defense Program Director of the Atlanta Metropolitan

from the time it was first begun in Area upon nomination by Mayor Wm.

the State. It is, therefore, significant B. Hartsfield and recommendation

that this influential organization by representatives of the counties

has adopted a five point action pro- concerned. He succeeds George

gram , a nd that Miss Anice Troth, the (Pup) Phillips who died recently.

new Pre sident upon being appointed Mr . Jacks on rece ived his early

by Erne st Vand iver, State Civil De- s chooling in Missisippi where he

fense Director to serve on Georgia's was graduated from State College

Wome ns Advisory Committee f or Civil in 1935 with a BS in Business Ad-

Defe nse pledged the continued co- ministration. He has had some ex-

operation of the Federation with the perience in the banking business

Department of Defense in its Civil and teaching, but more recentl y

Defense Program.

was with the Wage Stabilization

With the support of every member Board in Atlanta where was di-

in the local community, an active rector of the case analysis division

comm itte e in the district and state and also in administrative mana ge-

and the interest of the State Presi- ment.

dent, the Georgia Federation of He is forty years old, and lives

Business and Professional Clubs on Virginia Circle with his wife and

will make an enviable record in the daughter. He is very active in the field of Civil Defense during the Virginia Avenue Baptist Church.

coming year, and in so doing, will

guarantee Georgia being able to do

her part to keep the forces of Commu-

Mr. Elliott Jackson, Civil Defense

nism in check, to prepare her citizens Director of Atlanta, and Mrs. Sara

agains t a ttack, a nd to help keep Padgett, Civil Defense Director of

the peace .

Griffin, attended the seventy-sixth

administrative course given at the

"I don't think I look 30, do you?" "Not anymore, dear."

Staff College, at Olne y, Md., beginning June 29.

TUITION IS FREE AT OLNEY SCHOOL
T he Staff College and the Trainin g School at Olney, Md ., are still turn in g out graduates in Civil Defense the year around. These courses are desjgned for people who have the respons ibility of orgamzmg either governmental or priva te Civil Defense. The tuition is free, and all it costs is $5.00 per day for room and board. One week courses in CD administration will begin on July 7, Aug ust 10, August 24, Sept. 14, and Sept. 21.
The Training School trains instructors in rescue work. This course lasts two weeks and instruction is conducted on "Rescue Street" where a city block is constructed in the ruined condition that might be looked for following an enemy attack. The students are shown how to organize rescue teams, how to use and care for rescue tools, how to handle casualties after they are rescued, tunneling, lashing, rigging, fire fighting, shoring, breaching of walls and other basic information in the business of rescuing.
Two week training courses begin on August 3, September 14, October 12 and October 26.
AIR AND FIRE WARN.INGS SHOULD BE DIFFERENT
Schools should have some distinctive type of warning for air raids and should not use the fire warning system for this purpose. It has been pointed out by principals who have been holding drills in both categories that the action to be taken by the student body may not be the same in both cases. In fire drills the pupils usually get out into the open. Those who have been working on this problem also state that there may be need for a fire alarm to get the children out of the air raid shelters. It would be much better to be in the open subjected to the uncertainty of an a ir raid than to be caught in a burning building.
"Cosmetics might be defin ed as pea ch preserves."-J. B. Clark.

JULY,1 953

3

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TRAFFIC SCHOOL FOR CD
AT GEORGIA TECH
Some 32 traffic specialists from seven States gathered in Atlanta April 27th for a two weeks intensive course in Emergency Traffic Control sponsored by the F ederal Civil Defense Administration's Atlanta regional office.
The course, conducted by members of Northwestern University's Traffic Institute, was held at Georgia Tech and included a simulated atom bombing of Atlanta after which students were given the opportunity to make their own '!'ecommendations for handling the post-blast traffic problems.
Among the Georgians taking the course were Capt. J, Paul Smith and Lieut. Pershing C. Peacock of the State Highway Patrol; Lt. Emmett Elliott, Atlanta Police Dept; Cpl. Joseph H. Brown, Savannah Police Dept; Lieut. Thomas J. Mahoney, Chatham County Police Dept., and a number of Third Army Officers stationed at Georgia military posts.
CD ON THE JOB
Councilman Harry Holmes of Dallas blasted Civil Defense for "doing nothing" at the recent explosion in that city. Welcome Wilson, administrative assistant to the CD Dire ctor, Bob Smith says:
"What Mr. Holmes doesn't realize is that most of the people who were in charge out at the disaster were CD people - but they just weren't wearing CD helmets."
"A small town is just a big town with all the undesirables removed." -Tom Kelly.

PREXY WON'T TELL
President Eisenhower has announced a new method of giving out information to the public, and he also dropped a hint or two that interests Civil Defense.
He stated that he had not made up his mind whether or not he would reveal any infonnation as to the exploding of atomic bombs by Russia, but that, up to now, he had no definite information that they had exploded any during his term.
He stated that "on the grounds or security " he would not reveal any information of the progress made m developing the hydrogen bomb.
CD IS OK NOW
Before the tornado at Flint, Michigan, observers said it would have been impossible to levy a special tax for Civil Defense purposes. Now that disaster has struck they say that such a tax could be put tru:ough tomorrow.
We know from experienc~ in Columbus and Warner Robins that the attitude can change over night.
CD PACT PAYS OFF
A cooperative disaster agreement between two Western Pennsylvania daily newspapers paid off recently.
"The New Castle News" had run off about 6,000 copies of a 32-page edition when ll gears of the press broke. Calling on the agreeme nt, the "News'' was printed for four days in the "Butler Eagle " plant, 28 miles away. -"Editor and Publish-
er,""M5/an9-y--w-o-m-en---go--f-ro-m---saying
'I do' to 'You'd IJetter.' "-Lionel Hampton.

THE DIRECTOR. SAYS :
(Continued from Poge 1)
tions, U.S. Air Force, stated recently "our military defense efforts must be supplemented by civilian effort, as has always been the case in the preparation of home defenses. Our civil defense officials need more help in preparing cities and industrial targets against destructive air raids. In many ways I think the work of our civil defense authorities is made more difficult by the magnitude of the danger that confronts us. The potential destructiveness of modern war is so terrible most people in a nation as fortunate as ours has been in the past simply cannot comprehend it. Many of those who do understand it try to avoid thinking about it at all."
MARS
The Federal Civil Defense Administration and the Department of Defense have been negotiating for some time on the subject of Communications.
The present prospect is that there will be established a Military Affiliate Radio System (MARS) in which military communications facilities will be made available to Civil Defense on certain conditions and at certain times. The
final agreement will probably provide for tyin11; in of Military and Federal CD terminals, the use of military frequencies, and making available communication services between the military agencie3 m support of CD and CD itself.
"Enough is Wllat would satisfy most of us if the neighbors didn't have more." -Ralph Paul.

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/

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THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Ernest Vandiver.

Vo l. 3, No. B,

Atlanta, Ga.

AUGUST, 1953

Ernest Vandiver

THE DIRECTOR

SAYS ..

I would like to devote my

column this month to the Civil

Air P atrol. Without a doubt

this is one of the most patriotic

organizations in America today. In the past year this organi-

zation has participated in eleven

Ground Observer Corps Strip Ex-

ercises . These men fmnish their

own planes and are not pwid

one ce nt for devoting their day-

off to this worthy cause. They

have flown over 2,000 hours in

these exercises and over 4,000

pe ople have participated.

To th is distinguished group 1

say, "Well Done"

.I say

"distinguished" and .I mean just

that. This IS an organization

t hat faces up to citizenship.

This is a group of men that do

not confuse its citizenship rights

and privileges with its Citizen-

sh ip responsibilities. We in civil

defense are proud of you!

PETERSON ATTENDS ATLANTA MEETING
One hundred fifty Civil Defense workers from seven southeastern states including all of the state directors assembled at the Atlanta Biltmore hotel on July 17 to hear Administrator of the FCDA, Val Peterson, talk on the present status of Civil Defense and the plans for the future. He has been Governor of Nebraska three times, and previous to his appointment was advisor to President Eisenhower. This was his first visit to Atlanta.
He emphasized the fact that Russia had lonp; ago conspired to do away with our type of government in this world, and had never denied it nor changed their attitude. He stated that Civil Defense is merely the expansion of civil functions of government to meet unprecendented conditions. The best Civil Defense we can muster would not keep Russian planes from getting through, but it would cut down the number of casualties inflicted and enable us to get back up on our feet and go to work again.
Governor Peterson admitted that civil defense workers will not win a popularity contest by keeping this problem before their neighbors, but we may save America.
On Saturday following the meeting the visitors were taken on a tour of the control center of the Air Defense Command at Dobbins Air Force Base.
TIME IS RUNNING OUT
IF EVER there was a government stepchild, it is civil defense. Today, nearly four years after explosion of the first Russian
atomic bomb, measures to protect American cities are painfully inadequate.
This, despite the fact that Russia's atomic stockpile is growing. This, despite the fact the $oviet has a fleet of at least 1,000 B29-type airplanes capable of making one-way trips to our industrial heartland.
To remedy the shocking state of civil defense, President Eisenhower asked Congress for $125,000,000. This week, the House of Representatives gave him its answer- $37,000,000, less than onefourth.
In Atlanta Friday, Civil Defense Administrator said: "The United States is wide open to enemy attack at this moment. Seven of every 10 enemy bombers probably could penetrate American air defenses." We hope Mr. Peterson 's words penetrate the economy defenses of the U. S. Senate. Unless senators restore the appropriation, adequate safeguards for this nation will be postponed at least another year. (Atlanta Journal Editorial, July 18)

..
'

THE ALERT

THE GEORG.IA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
Atlanta, Georgia
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Pub/ic Information Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Caordinator, Women's Activities
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
M. L. LEGGETT Centra/ Area Director
HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director
HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
C.IT.IES SHOULD MAKE
MUTUAL A.ID AGREEMENTS
All cities of Georgia that are considered target areas should make mutual aid agreements with other cities in their mutual aid areas so that one will go to the aid of the other automatically in case of a disaster.
When the tornado struck at Warner Robins the CD Director at Macon marshalled his forces and immediately offered assistance to the stricken city. Doctors, nurses, trucks, police, and other kinds of help were dispatched in short order, and if needed the fire trucks and other equipment would have been available. It is customary for one city to help out another in case of disaster, but how much easier it would be if agreements were made in writing beforehand. Mutual aid agreements should he made by every city with every other city within approximately fifty miles.
Dial Sweeney of the FCDA Regional Office is now working on a form that can he used by cities for this purpose.

STATE RECEIVES 1/3 MJLLION IN MATCHING FUNDS

Georgia's Locel and State Civil Defense organizations lead all other states in the southeastern region in receiving Federal matching funds for the purchase of civil defense equipment.
At the close of the 1953 F. Y. contributions program on the 30th of June, Georgia cities had a wlications approved for the amount of $332,109.22, which means that the state as a whole is two thirds of a million dollars worth of CD equipment richer.
The Federal money obligated is broken down among various projects as follows: Communi-
cations, $55,836.28; Fire, $168, 349.07; Health, $510.62; Public CD Information and Education $30,601.90; Rescue, $38,022.23; Training, $2874 .62; and Warning, $35,914 50.
Among the various cities receiving Federal matching funds are the following:

Atlanta
Athens Augusta Alma Bainbridge College Park Clayton Carrollton Commerce Cedartown Camilla DeKalb County Dalton East Point Eastman Fitzgerald Forest Park Griffin Gainesville Hiawassee Hapeville Hawkinsville Hartwell Jesup Kingsland LaGrange Macon

$12,866.58
13,748.78
~.ooo.oo
3,755.33 1,874.23 1,414.13 5,637.50 6,976.15 9,187.91
349.53 1,100.00 19,962.13 5,637.50 7,792.85
644.13. 3,902. 75
432.50 10,751.55 6,%6.03 6,344.25
1,350.84 ffi 1.50
6,434.96 1,635.00
128.63 7,2Zl.OO 49,836.88

ELKS WORK lN C.IVIL DEFENSE
The St. Louis Lodge of Elks has set up a Civil Defense organization ' that will surprise many of the national delegates to the Grand Lodge Convention to be held there this year. Its chain of command chart has received the highest praise from CD Director Raymond W. Tucker. The building ~as been offered to Civil Defense to use in case of emergency as a hospital. The planning of this is in the hands of. General Chairman James A. Daar. He has committ~e~ 1ined up to take care of housing, feeding, medical relief, communications, fire and riot control.
The Elks of the state of Washington have set up Civil Defense as one of their major projects for this year. Other Elk Lodges active in Civil Defense work are at Brookline, Mass., Oxnard, Calif., Willimantic, Conn., Wheeling, W. Va., and Richmond and Oroville, Calif.

Manchester Milledgeville Milledgeville Montezuma Marietta Metter Rome Sylvester Savannah State Patrol Thomasvilie Waycross Waynesboro Winder

Hospital

6,590.90 7,396.63 6,803.13 6,0>2.75 17,231.42 1,031.15 1,4%.50 1,674.63 8,375.95 5,238.38
689.19 1,204.21
425.2> 6,616.00

As of this writing, no information has been received as to the nature or extent of the 1954 F.Y. matching funds program, but Civil Defense officials in both the State and the Federal Regional Office are hopeful that the program will be at least as large as that of the year just completed. Upon receipt of specific information on the new program, it will be published in the "Alert" and also an "Informational Letter" will be sent all Mayors and Civil Defense Directors so that all localities will have an equal chance to participate.

2

AUGUST, 1953

WOMEN FIRST APPLICANTS
FOR CD LEADERSH.IP SCHOOL
Mrs. Leo Smith, ne'wly elected president of the Woman's Auxiliary to the Medical Association of Ge orgia from Waycross and the Southe astern Area of the State was t he first person to apply for admiss ion to Georgia's Civil Defe nse Leadership Training School he ld a t the University of Georgia, Athens , Georgia, August 3-7. Mrs. Smith has just been appointed by Civil Defense Director Vandiver to s erve as a member of the State Women's Advisory Com'mittee. .In ac cepting the appointment she pledged the continued support of the Auxiliary to Civil Defense.
Mrs . G. W. Freiberg, one of the Central Area representatives on the Women's Advisory Committee and the capable Civil Defense Director of Augusta and Richmond County was second to apply for admiss ion to the school. Pvlrs. Freiberg stated that she received information and training that will be helpful to her in performing her official duties as a local director and an advisor on Women's participation all over the state .
Miss Maude White, Seventh District Director of the Georgia Congress of Parents and Teachers of Statesboro and the. Southeastern Area was the third applicant. The PTA executive board voted t o s end one representative from each of the fifteen districts. Miss White is a visiting teacher and her district covers Mcintosh, Long, Tattn all, Candler, Evans, Liberty, Bulloch, Bryan, Effingham, and Chatham counties, the last being the home of the State PTA president, Mrs. H. M. Kandel.
Ge orgia is very proud of the interest and participation of her wome n in Civil Defense. The fact that the first three to register for the training school are women indic ates that women recognize the importance of being prepared to take care of themselves, to maintain their families as selfsustaining units, as well as to

"OPERATION TAILWI~~D"
By Major Thomas W. Turbivill~
"OPERATION TAILWIND," the
recent North American Continentwide practice alert called by the Air Defense Command, found the
Georgia Ground Observer Corps in fine fettle and rarin' to go.
Throughout the exercise, GOC posts were responsible for a number of so called "enemy" aircraft being detected and eventually intercepted. In the Atlanta Filter Center hundreds of telephone calls were received from posts in this area and posts m the Savannah Filter Center area were equally active. Many posts stayed on duty from early Saturday morning, the 11th, till the afternoon of July 12. Georgia can take it!
Letters of appreciation are being sent to all Supervisors by Ernest Vandiver, State Civil Defense Director and Colonel Murray C. Woodbury, Commander of the 3pth Air Division (Defense). Major General Delmar T. Spivey, Commanding General of Central Air Defense Force also complimented the Georgia Corps for its fine work during "Operation Tail Wind."

CD DRIV.ING ORDINANCE
"The controversial CD highway charter ordinance was passed by Evansville Common Council without comment. The ordinance will become effective in 60 days and will be applied during CD alerts. Penalty for driving on designated streets during an alert is a fine of up to $100 or a maximum of 90 days in jail." ("Evansville Courier," 5/6)

- serve their communities In case

of disaster

atomic or natural.

The action of these women will

encourage women all over the

state to be the first In their

organizations, the first in their

blocks, the first in their families

to volunteer for training and

participation In the Civil Defense

Program in their home towns and

counties.

THE ALERT
CD WELCOME WAGON
In many cities' "Welcome Wagon'' hostesses call on newcomers, engaged girls, etc., and provide them with c1v1c information as well as data about churches, stores and services and are generally helpful to the people they call on.
They are in the homes of many people in their communities each month. .In a number of eastern cities they have helped recruit volunteers for the Ground Ohserver Corps and other CD activities They hand out CD literature and actually sign up recruits.
Since this plan has paid dividends elsewhere, it might prove successful m Georgia too. Why not try it!
(Wisconsin CD Bulletin)
TIT FOR TAT
TIE trustees of Mifflin township near Columbus, Ohio, are against a mutual aid pact with Columbus because they are afraid that if Columbus should suffer a disaster and need the help of their lone fire engine it will have to go to the aid of Columbus and leave their small township without fire protection.
Having refused the mutual aid pact, we assume that now Columbus will sit by and watch the town of Mifflin be totally destroyed by fire if they should have some sort of a conflagration that their lone fire engine is unable to handle.
They should read the fine print and see that they are expected to send only such aid as
they can safely spare. H they
already have one pumper and get another with matching funds they would have two. One to spare.
Question. "When your radio broadcast goes off of the air during an air raid warning, how can you find out what it is all about?" Answer. ''Turn your radio dial to either 640 or 1240 (AM not FM). Those are the CONELRAD frequencies.

A UGUST, 1953

3

THE ALERT
FIRST CD CLASS
AT U. OF GEORG.IA
The first Civil Defense Class to be offered at the University of Georgia was held Aug. 3-7 as a part of the summer curriculum. Those interested in Civil Defense from all over the state enrolled in the course. There were directors, teachers, housewives, and others who were just interested. It was held under the auspices of the Extens ion Division of the University, with Eugene Welden in charge . He was assisted in its direction by Gayle A. Starnes, Chief Instructor of the CD Staff College at Olney, Md. Each of the CD s erv ices was taken up by a group of specialists with experience in that service and the Ground Observation Corps, federal matching funds, a nd the activity of women 1n Civil Defense received special emphasis. Besides the regular Civil Defense Staff, the following donated their
se,r,vices; Dr. Linwood Holland,
Emory Univ. Maj.Thomas Turbiville Air Force, and J. S. Bonner, Southern Bell, Sgt. R. L. Crawford Assist. Supervisor Safety Education Division Capt. C. H. Hilderbrand of the Atlanta Fire Department, Mrs. Mary Grubbs and H. E. Shearouse of the State Education Dept., Miss Marianne Martin and Mrs. Ruth Kent of the radio stations, E. L. Brintley of Jones and Laughlin Steel Co., Mrs. Sara Padgett of Griffin, Mrs. Mildred Gilbert of Hape-
ville, Jack Grantham of Hapeville, and Howard Anderson of the Red Cross.

AIR DEFENSE FACTS
By Major Thomas W. Turbiville
The time for Air Defense is now. Our most critical period will come within the next two
years. The recent riots and uprisings m the Communist satellite countries, the internal upheavals within Soviet Russia itself, may only serve to weld the people together and head them closer to the Soviet. Do not depend upon Russia relinquishing its de!figns upon the free world, simply because she is having trouble at home.
Don't forget! Russia has 20,000 first line aircraft and many of these are long range bombers capable of flying nonstop to bomb vital targets in this country. \Ve must not allow ourselves to hecome complacent oc to slacken our efforts to build a stronger Air Defense Net with the Ground Observer Corps. We still need more volunteers at Filter Centers and at GOC posts.
On July 14th Ground Observer Corps Filter Centers throughout the nation will hold open house and celebrations in observance of the first anniversary of ''Operation Skywatch." Although Georgia is not one of the skywatch states at present, there is always the possibility that we will become one. The Georgia Corps in its present standby status is doing a wonderful job. To all volunteers at Filter Centers and at the posts-- thank you and congratulations on a
-------- job well done!

AREA DIRECTORS MEET
AT RADIUM SPRINGS
About sixty representatives of Civil Defense in the Southwestern section of Georgia met at Radium Springs on June 30 to discuss their common problems and receive inspiration from members of State Director Ernest Vandiver's staff, all of whom were present.
The meeting was pres ided over by Harry U. Jackson, Area Director. Welcome addresses were made by Director L. Earl Robinson, and Mayor E. E. Wetherbee of Albany. Deputy Director Frank Kopf spoke on the need for Civil Defense, and Major Thomas W. Turbiville, Air Force Coordinator stressed the need of the Ground Observer Corps. Mr. and Mrs. Robert Nesbitt of Arlington, Ga., gave several musical selections to close out the morning session.
In the afternoon talks were made by Mrs. John G. Lewis on the coordination of women in CD, and W. F. Kerns on the Federal matching funds program. Talks were also made by Major Ben H. Hardaway,, Civil Defense Director of Columbus, who told how their organization handled the recent tornado at that city, and
by Director N. N ~ Langdale, Jr.,
of Valdosta, Dir~ctor Henry Bonar of Moultrie, Dirkctor J, D. Haines of Manchester, Director
W. S. Stewart of Thomasville, and Director K. L. Carpenter of Americus.
A local anthropologist asserts that in another one hundred years there will be no blondes left in this country. That's undoubtedly true. It's mighty difficult to leave one even today.

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THE GEORGIA
>
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Department
THE DIRECTOR SAYS.
Our sch ools, univers ities ~nd colle ges have now reopened for the 1953-54 terms.
Re a liz ing that civil defense is a ne w dime nsion in comm un it y thoug ht a nd service, our first job is to create an understanding of this new dimension and its implications for our survival, indiv id ually and as members ,of a c omm unity.
We look naturally to our Amer ican institutions for leadership in this task. We must look to our educators, from the kindergarten to the univers ity leve l, to pioneer in helping us build into the educational thought and practices the substance of this new dimension.
What . is education's role in the development of the national civil defense program?
It falls into two broad categories : (l) effective leadership
Continued on Page 4

Ernest Vandiver. State Director

SEPTEMBER, 1953

I
GEORGIANS .LEA.RN MASS
FEEDING AT FT. BENNING

me Georgia Civil Defense workers were among the forty enrollees who made up the
class in Improv ised Mass Feeding held at Fort Benning August 12-14 1953, under the FCDA and assisted by the Army specialists. This was only one of
many classes held in a ll parts of the country to s how the CD personnel how to handle the feeding job irf case they were suddenly ca lled up on to feed thousands of homeles s people.
Miss Maria Alley a nd Mrs. Frances Ferrell Home E conomist with the U. S. Department of Agriculture; Mrs . S. C. Stukes, Field Consultant DeKillb County American ational Red Cross ; and Mr. Karl Reis er, Hegiona l We lfare Offi cer FCDA were other Georgians makin g up the class. They receive d i ns tructions in such topics as wate r purification and waste disp os al, prevention of food c ontam ination
and food poisoning, mess layout for mass feeding a nd foods to serve, f}eld expedients and safety. This group als o bu ilt field , expedients, prepared an emergency meal and participated in .practical exercises.
Georgia's . re pre sentative s wit h Miss ..Margare t Dykes serv ing as chairman will hold a mee t ing In September for the PU:P!>Se of

making a pla n to provide In-

struction for eac h area and

county of our s t a te . T he group

feels that th e information they rece ived will be of benefit t o

the Emergenc y Welfare Pr ogram

of Civil Defens e a nd wish to

volunteer their s ervices in the

division of E me rgency Feeding

in appreciation of being selec te d

to re prese nt Georgia a t th is

school.

Georgia CD people a ttending

the co urse included Miss Nelli e

Boyd, Home Ec o nomics Cons ul -

ta nt, Georgia Department of

Agr ic ulture E xtens ion Serv ice;

Miss Martha Mc Kay,

utr1t10n

Cons ulta nt, State Department of

Publ ic Health ; Miss lv1argaret

Dykes, Pres ide nt Georgia Die-

te t ic Assoc ia tion, Sta t e De part-

me nt of Publi c Health ; Mis s

L ucy Edwards, Sc hoo l Lu nch Program, Ge orgia De partment of

Educa ti on ; Mrs . Fra nces Harper,

Ho me Economist Georgia Power

Company; Mrs . R uth Morr ison,

Nutritionist Fulto n County Health

Depart ment; Mrs . J . Ilorace

Clark, Exe cutive Secretary,

Geor gia Federation of Women's

Clubs ; Mrs. Sarah Padgett,

ational Security Chairman of

Bus ine ss

and Professional

Women 's Clubs and Mrs. Joh n

G. Lewis, State Civil Defense

Coordinator of Women 's Activ i-

ties .

THE ALERT _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION
959 E. Confederate Ave. S.E.
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public lnlormation Ollicer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering 011/cer MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities JERRY CAUBLE lllorthern Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
SAME IN GEORG.IA
A SOLD IE R'S LE TTER TO IllS HO METOW PAP E R
The Dail y Argus, Mount Vernon, N. Y.
Jus t recentl y I've had the good fortune to receive a copy of the "Argus." I was very mu c h pleased with mos t of its contents, but was very disap pointed with a story on the fr ont page about the small turnout of volunteers for Civil De f e n s e .
Ask any soldier the number of times he has to volunteer to carry a litter, comfort a buddy, stay constantly on the alert. . . While doing everything he possibl y can to relieve a grave situation he may face. . . Many of these things a soldier does are not necessarily his job. But he knows that this cooperation between men is the sand and ce ment for the mortar from which a victorious army is cast.
Let us all hope that the citizens of Mount Vernon once again prove to its men in umform that they are as cooperative as members of the American Arm y.
PFC Eugene Misture
2

CD ENG.INEERING DEMONSTRATION SCHEDULED
The techniques of emergency water supply problems will be demonstrated as part of Georgia Tech's twenty second annual Water Sewage School, scheduled for September 23 through 25.
The demonstration will consist of operation of Civil Defense emergency pumping equipment, laying of lightweight steel water pipe, erection and operation of emergency water purification equipment, and connection of the emergency water system to city mains, and also the connecting of a Civil Defense fire pumper to the emergency system.
This Civil Defense water suppl y demonstration is scheduled be held at 1:30 P.M. on the 24th of September at the Atlanta Water Works Heservoir, 665 Green St., 1\.W., Atlanta. This 1s one block West of Northside Drive at the Westinghouse Plant.
All Mayors, City Engineers, Fire Chiefs and Civil Defense Directors, along with all inter ested persons, if unable to attend all the sessions of the school, are cordially invited and urged to attend the Civil Defense engineering demonstration. There is no charge for either the school or the demonstration.
The equipment to be used in the demonstration is part of the emergency engineering equipment stockpiled by the Federal Civil lJefense Administration for use in the event of a disaster in this area. T he local stockpile consists mainly of 10 miles of lightweight 8" steel water pipe;
several 1500 GPM portable, high pressure, gasoline driven water pumps; several portable emergency water prrification sets;
and several large 15 KW por
table motor generators. Some of this equipme~t will be used in this demonstration or on display at the site. It is hoped also to have on display one of the
excellent FCDA procured rescue trucks and one of the Civil De-

1954 MATCHJNG FUNDS P.<OGRAM AN!NOUNCED
The State Civil Defense Division received its first word on the 1954 Fiscal Year Contributions Program, ~l onday August 21 .
In a letter from Val Peterson, FCDA Administrator, to State Director Vandiver, Georgia was informed that its share of the funds appropriated for the Con tributions Program would be $235,326.00.
The programs e Iigible for Matching Funds this fiscal year are as follows:
\varning JJevice Systems Communications Health and Special Weapons Training and Education Hescue Service Emergency Welfare Service There will be no contributions made to the Fire Services Program this year:, instead emphasis and priority will be placed on the Warning and Rescue Programs. No details as to the proceedures , for administering this program have been received from FCDA as yet, but indications are that the Fiscal Year 1g)3 program proceedures will be followed in general with only a few simplifications. As soon as detailed information on the program is made available, all Mayors and Civil Defense Directors will be notified in an "Informational Letter" from the State Civil Defense Office. In the meantime. all Cities interested in participating m this most valuable program are encouraged to contact Lt. Col. William F. Kerns, Contributions Program Coordinator, State Civil Defense Office who will answer all questions and assist the cities in the preparation and and submission of applications.
fense fire pumpers procured under the Matching F unds Program.
SEPTE U 3E i: , 19'j3

THE ALERT

A.IR DEFENSE FACTS
. By Major Thomas W. Turbiville

FILTER CENTER CREW MEETS .IN ATLANTA

CO.NELRAD TO BE TESTED
The first nationwide test

The Soviet Air Force along

State CD Directors and Filter

of COi\ELHAU (Electromagnetic Hadiation) will be held on \Ved-

\Vith the Chinese Communists have moved many new jet bombers a nd l\:IG-15 jet fighters into Korea from l\lanchuria, according to reports from our recently release d prisoners in Korea. Some of these reports came from our early warning radar sites deep
ins ide North Korean territory. This certainly doesn't look as th o ' they think the fighting in Korea is completely at an end.
In the face of this, the staggering news that Hussia has the
H-13o mb, and other happenings
in the world, we cannot afford to re lax. There is still the same danger of attack on our Country and the Ground Observer Corps
is s till our mainstay in plugging the holes in the radar screen. The enemy is also trying to feint us off guard with talks of "peace." Keep your Ground Ob-
server Post active. Hecruit more Yol unteers. Tell your neighb~rs

Center Supervisors from the southeastern states met m Atlanta on August 20 to hear about future plans for the GdC.
Brigadier General Frank IJ. H.obinson, Deputy Commander of the Central Air Defense Force stated that on account of the
recent cut in funds the personnel at the Filter Centers would have to be decreased, and that
there is a possibility that eventually the instruction as well as the operation of these installations might have to be carried on by civilians. He warned that the Hussian peace offensive is just a tactical maneuver, and that we should not let down our GOC guard.
Colonel George J. Ola, Director of Civil Air Defense of the Central Air Defense Foree gave the figures on filter centers as of February and as of July, 1953. They showed about a

nesday, September 16, from 1: 30 to 4:30 A. M. This will be the first opportunity for the general
public to find out whether or not they will be able to get information from the commercial broadcasting stations in time of emergenc y , such as an invasion of this country by enemy airplanes.
Instead of turning to the usual places on the dial, the stations may all be tuned in by turning to either 640 or l2A 0. The signal will come first from
one station and then from another, but it would sound all the same on your radio. In Atlanta and larger cities the ''duster system" will be used and broadcast should be continuous, while in smaller cities with only one radio station the "on and off" method will be
used.

abo ut our Air Defense problems. 30% increase in that time. Sav-

The areas covered by the

Chec k with your local High annah had the most volunteers the three Area Directors were

Scho ol to be sure they are of any installation in the south- changed in August to absorb the

form ing a A ircraft Spotters Club for the new school year. These

east m February (185) and again m July (336). Atlanta

the territory formerl y worked by i\1. L. Leggett of Mac on, who

young boys and girls make exce llent observers - f~eep Trying!
Last year the FCDA issued a

had 108 m February and 169 in .luly.
The exact standing of the various states with respect to number of ground observer volun-

resigned. Jlarry L. Jackson has been given the Macon area in addition to Columbus and lioyle Yandle now has both the cities
of Savannah and Augusta.

boo klet on the subject of " Women in Civil Defense." In t~e next month

teers IS hard to give because posts m one state frequently

we expect to have cff of the press report to a filt~r center in "for further information get in

.

a compa nion piece to this entitle d "Ge orgia IIiomen in Civil Defense."

another state. The July standing of ground observers for the

touch with your local Civil Defense Director, or ask "Informa-

Atlanta filter center was 3448 tion" on the telephone for yo ur

In the city of Toledo, Ohio,

and for Savannah 3943.

local GOC telephone number."

the local CD organization has

The

National Advertising Letters from President Eisen-

arra nged for every drug store in

Council was represented by lVrr. hower, General Chidlaw, and

the city to become a first aid

Hector Perrier and he displayed other prominent Americans are

ce nter m case of emergency.

a great number of advertisements included in the available mater-

~ lany other Cities are figuring

that had been prepared by the ial which can be obtained from

on following this plan.

.A.C. for use in recruiting vol- The Advertising Council 25

E:xperts predict that in case .\lars hall Zhukov gets to be the

unteers for the GOC this fall.
Their campaign will include radio announcements, magazine

West 45th St.. "ew York, or the
Ground Observer Corps, Washington 25, D. C. It is all abso-

supreme power in Huss ia our

and newspaper advertising and lutely free, and the NAC IS

chances for peace will be much

news stories. All promotional handling this account as a

grea ter.

material will carry the message, ,, patriotic contribution.

SEP TE !,.. ER, 1953

3

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GEORGIA CD SCHOOL
HAS 30 GRADUATES
The first full week of instruction given by any state to its Civil Defense workers was finished August 7 at the University of Georgia after which thirty enrollees who had attended all classes were awarded certificates. The course was held under the Division of General Extension of the University with J. Eugene Welden as the coordinator. He was advised by W. Gayle Starnes of the CD Staff College and assisted by Gerald Cauble, Area Director for North Georgia.
Conferences were held on the following subjects, and after their presentation opportunity was given for a thorough discussion; International Situation, State Organization, Community Organization, Ground Organization and Urban Analysis, Air Defense, Communications, Police Services and Law Enforcement, Fire Services, Training and Education, Techniques and Devices, Health and Sl'ecial Weapons, Welfare Services, Supply and and Federal Matching Fund~, Public Affairs, Industry in Civil Defense, Engineering, Rescue, and Shelter, Women's Activities, Warden Service, T he Role of Civil Defense in 1atural Disasters, Mutual Aid and Mobile Support, Operational Problem, and Evaluation.
Following the presentation of
certificates by President 0. C. Aderhold of the University, an interesting talk was made by Mrs. Katherine Howard, Deputy

Administrator of Civil Defense

of the FCDA. She complimented

those who stuck to their job

of studying Civil Defense m

spite of the ninety degree wea-

ther that prevailed every day,

and assured them that the same

spirit would be exhibited by all

true Americans if it should

come to a crisis. She said that

this part of the country had

been through the fire before in

1864, and the development of in-

dustrial south and this fine

University was proof that we

would always get up and fight

back.

Mrs. Howard was born in

Guyton, Ga., and lived in Savan-

nah before moving to Boston

where she spent her adult life.

She acted as secretary to the

Republican Party

during the

National Convention that chose

Eisenhower as its presidential

candidate.

Those receiving certificates at

were:

Bill G. Bailey, Columbus;
Mrs. W. F. Braswe 11, East Point;

L. C. Chitwood, Jr., Valdosta;

Mrs. J. R. Findley, Sr., Comer;

Miss Rebecca A. Fowler, Athens;

Mrs. G. W. Freiberg, Augusta;

James W. Greenfield, Brunswick;

Mrs . B. C. Guild, Savannah;

Edgar James, Atlanta; Mrs. How-

ard Jolly, Jackson; Mrs. Noah

Langdale, Jr., Valdosta; Miss

Peggy Launius, Atlanta; Mrs.

John G. Lewis, Hapeville; John

Lytjen, SavanJ?-ah; T. M. Martin,

Elberton; C. W. McDaniel, Thom-

aston; F. G. McC ollum, Savan-

nah; Wrs. Sarah A. Padgett, Griffin; Miss Helen Schafer, Sa-

vannah; L. M. Scheff, Rockmru:t;

THE DIRECTOR SAYS:
Continued from Poge
at the community level, and (2) participation m civil defense educational and training programs.
The educator, whether he be an administrator or teacher, has long been looked upon as a community leader. He sets an ex11mple for others to follow m civic affairs. In civil defense, community leadership IS the most important element m the enlistment and trammg of volunteer civil rlefense corps.
Don't wait until others volunteer for civil defense. Enlist in your local civil defense programs now and encourage others to do so. Offer your individual services for the big training job that must be done.
Col. Clemmense M. White an attorney from St. Joseph, Mo., has been named Assistant Administrator of the FCDA, succeeding Mrs. Katherine Howard who has been moved up to Deputy Administrator. He will be in charge of CD Educational Services. ,
Col. White was formerly commander of the Missouri Department, American Legion.
Mrs. D. T. Sheffield, (Brookhaven) Atlanta; Mrs. M. S. Sims, Dalton; Mrs. Leo Thomas, Macon; Melvin Thompson, Valdosta; Fred N. Weldon, Jr., . Lavonia; Miss Maude White, Statesboro; Mrs . H. J. Whitehead, Comer; Mrs. Theodore tl. Wofford, Atlanta; John
G. Lewis, Hapeville; William Tate and a special certificate was given to Mr. Gayle Starnes.

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THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Ernest

Vol. 3, No. 10

Atlanta, Ga.

October, 1953

Ernest Vandiver
THE DIR'ECTOR SAYS.
in this period of war, oppression a nd bloodshed in many parts of the world, and, with the things which potentially threaten our country , we would all do well to reme mber the words of Thomas Paine, written at the beginning of American Independence. "These are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of ~he ir country, but he that stands it now deserves the love and thanks of man and woman. Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered; yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict-the more glorious the tri umph . What we obtain too che aply, we esteem too lightly; it is dearness only that gives everything its value. Heaven knows how to put a proper price
See THE ')IRECTOR, Page 4

DIRECTORS ARE TOLD HOW

TO REPORT NATURAL DISASTERS

Since January 16, 1953, the day the President signed Exec utive Order 10427, providing for coordination of Federal agency disaster relief activities, FCDA has processed 21 appeals for Federal assistance for areas in 16 states struck by floods, tornadoes, or droughts. To date, the President has allocated $10,070,050.00 to provide relief in 15 of these cases. Two requests were granted limited ap-
proval and two were disapproved. Decisions on several cases were delayed, however, bP.cause initial
requests did not include the necessary substantiating data.
Avoid Delay To avoid delay in granting requests for Federal ass1stance, it is essential that the substantiating data required by law be submitted with the initial request. Considerable time may be saved if, prior to submission of the request to the President, the FCDA Regional Director is consulted to determine eligibility of the State for the desired assistance. The Regional Director can then notify the Administrator, FCDA, at the same time the State Governm 's request for relief is being sent to the President. State directors should be familiar with all phases of ''FCDA Disaster Interim Operating Procedures" to insure that initial requests for assistance contain the necessary substantiating data.

Local Director's Job The local Civil Defense direc-

tor in the disaster area should

rush investigation and submission

of his report, which should m-

clude, but is not limited to, the

following information:

a. Estimate of the extent of

damage, separated between public and private, by type

facility

sue h as water,

and sewer systems, private

dwellings, industrial plants,

streets, public buildings,

etc.;

b. Estimated cost of emergen-

cy repairs - temporary re-

placements, clearance of

debris, and work necessary

for the preservation of life

and property;

c. Statement of funds available or to he made availabl e

from State or local source s;

d. Action taken or to be taken

by the State Legislature or

local governing bodies, such

as special sessions or in-

terim Board or Counc il

meetings; e. Statement of action take n

by local and State Civil

defense organizations;

f. Estimate of m1mmum Fed-

eral funds, personnel, equip-

ment and supplies required

to supplement the State and

local effort;

g. Estimate of civil defens e stockpile material, equipment

Conti'tued an Page 4

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORG.IA ALERT
Published monthly by the

WELFARE MEETING AT JAX
Mrs. John G. Lewis of our

WOMEN IN SAVANNAH
Mrs. Gertrude Harris, Chairman

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION
959 E. Confederate Ave. S.E.
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Informat/on Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Communication Officer
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director

staff represented the State Civil Defense Division at an Emergency Welfare Services Regional Conference on September 30 at the George Washington Hotel in Jacksonville.
Karl Reiser, Regional Welfare Officer of Federal Civil Defense Administration called the meeting just prior to the convening of the Southeastern Regional American Public Welfare Association for the purpose of giving state leaders an opportunity to exchange experiences and do planning that would be helpful to all.

of the Women's Adv isory Committee is calling for the next meeting of her committee to be held on Friday, November 6 in Savannah, Georgia. Charles J, Mus ante Director Chatham-Savannah Defense Council and Hoyle R. Yandle, Area Director will serve as official hosts. Mrs. Robert E . Frankenvield, Coordinator of the Women's Division will have charge of local arrangements and will be ass isted by Mrs. Angus Purvis and Mrs. Nola Roos.
Ernest Vandiver, Civil Defense Director of the State will bring the keynote address. State and local Civil Defense Staff mem-

HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
NORTHERN AREA NEWS
Jerry Cauble, Director
M-s. Ruth Kent of WSB-TV is due the thanks of all CD officials for stimulating interest in this important activity with her splendid television shows. They have been most interesting.
Dalton, Hartwell, and DeKalb County have already received the fire fighting equipment ordered through Civil Defense on the matching funds basis.

suggestions was presented that will enable t-he schools to participate more fully in the CD program of the Metropolitan Area. Each system and each school will designate a CD Coordinator.
A most interesting and informative CD exercise was held at Oglethorpe University in Brookhaven in September. Mrs. D. T. Sheffield, Women's Zone Coordinator, presented a test bombing exercise of the hypothetical "City X." Mr. Jack Grantham former Deputy Director of Hapeville, Mrs. Mildred Gilbert, and Mr. Stanley Hastings, Director for DeKalb County assisted with the program.

bers will participate in this conference meeting as will representatives of the Women's organi.;. zations.
Members of the Women's Advisory Committee who reside in Savannah are Mrs. L. W. Williams Area Representative; Miss Mary W. Wayne, President Colonial Dames of America; Mrs. H. M. Kandel, President Georgia Congress of Parents and Teachers Mrs. A. J. Schano, President Savannah-Atlanta Diocesan Council of Catholic Women; Mrs. William A. Wexler, Representative of B'Nai B'Rith Women, and Mrs. Raymond M. Kuhr, Representative of National Council of Jewish Women.

The Civil Defense display at

the Clayton County Fair won second place for manner of presentation.

NEW CD DIRECTORS
The following CD Directors

The Civil Defense Directors of the cities of Georgia having a population of 100,000 or over

M-s. Sarah Padgett, CD Director for Griffin arranged one of the largest exhibitions in the state for the Spalding County Fair. It stimulated CD activity in a lot of the prominent citizens.

were newly appointed: NEWNAN, Mr Clifford Glover BLAffiSVllLE, Mr. Ed Swartz CEDARTOWN, Mr. Joseph Haire ROYSTON, Mr. R. K. Burnett JACKSON, Mr. Rufus Adams

held a meeting August 21 in the
Georgia Control Center in Atlanta to talk over their problems and give each other the benefit of their individual experiences. The state staff, including Area Directors were present to comment

The Franklin County Fair had

NEW GOC SUPERVISORS

when called upon. The meeting was voted very

a nice CD exhibit arranged by Director Fred Weldon of Lavonia.

DAWSONVILLE, Mr. John Payne CHATSWORTH, Mr. Wyatt Mullinux HIWASSEE, Mr. Henry Hedden

beneficial and they will plan to meet again in November, this
time in Columbus.

In a CD program for schools held recently by Director Elliott Jackson of Atlanta a group of

BLAffiSVILLE, Mr. C. R. Collins

BLUE RIDGE~ Mr. W. L. Bowen

HAS your family been trained m

YOUNG HARRIS, Dean Robert Andress emergency life-saving measures?

2

OCTOBER, 1953

---------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT
NO POLITICS
lany new faces will he seen m the mayor's chairs about the State of Georgia when the new year starts , but fortunately Civil Defense is non-political, and this should not disturb the CD setup in any community. The CD organization should have absolutely the best !J1en in the city in its layout, and a change in city government is no signal for a change in Civil Defense . The CD Director is a representative of The Governor.

Two views of the emergency engineering demonstration ot Georgia Tech meeting of Wa ter and Sanitary Engineers Assn., Sept. 24, 1953. Fire trucks and rescue tru ck all obtained through Civil Defense on matching fund basis.

ENGINEERING DEMONSTRATION

A demonstraLion or emergency engineering equipment that might be used in a CD emergen cy was held September 24 in Atlanta. The equipment was displaye d in connection with Georgia Tech's Annual Water Works School and was held at The Atlanta Water Works Reservo ir.
Credit for the s uccessful demons tr ation which was seen by more than five hundred people duri ng the afternoon, must be give n to the Atla nta Water Works l'vl!mager, Mr. Paul Weir , who worked closely with Col. William Kerns, Engineer for The State Department of Defense, a nd Mr. Earl Mader, Regional Engi neer for the Federal Civil Defense Admi n is t r a t i o n .
Included m the display was

1,000 feet of light weight steel pipe with miscellaneous fittings and valves, and an emergency water purification plant with its 3,000 gallon nylon storage tank. These items were part of the emergency equipment stockpiled by the Federal Civil Defense Administration, near Atlanta.
Also on display was a Civil Defense rescue truck which was generously loaned by the Tennessee Civil Defense Department to the Ge orgia Civil Defense Division, because Georgia's rescue trucks have not as yet been delivered.
The Georgia Power Company displayed its emergency transformer truck, and the Telephone Company had an extremely interesting display of its emergency repair

WHERE A DHOWTO ENROLL IN THE
GROU D OBSERVER CORPS
You can enroll at your nearest Civil Defense Offi ce or you may contact a U.S. Air Force Filter Center or Observation Post near your home. Just make known your willingness to serve.
JOIN TODAY
Contact your local Civil Defense Director.
HAVE yo u learned the simple steps your famil y should take to protect yourselves against germ and biological warfare?
equipment. The Atlanta Gas Company was
on hand with an impressive array of mobile construction and repair vehicles as well as the Atlanta Water Works, who displayed a variety of emer~~;ency Pquipment available for restoration of water service in the event of an emergency.
The Fire Departments of Atlanta, Dalton and DeKalh County participated by pumping water into and out of the emergency pipe line. Atlanta Fire Department furnished its 1,000 gallon pumper and its rescue ambulance. Dalton sent its new 750 gallon Civil Defense pumper to the demonstration as did DeKalh County. Both of these Civil Defense pumpers were obtained under the Civil Defense Matching Funds Program last fiscal year.

OC TOSE R, 1953

3

THE ALERT----------------------------------------------------------------------------

WILLIAMS SAYS LET'S

CAP RESCUES FLIER

FIGURE IT OVER AGAIN
Following the Soviet H Bomb test Gladstone Williams writing in "The Atlanta Constitution " of August 24, says, "Questions of mome ntous bearinp; have been pose d by this development." Decribing, on the bas is of current informa tion, the nature of the horrible catastrophe which may fa ce us, he points out that "obvious ly our CD program is not geared to cope with any such disaster. "One reason for the public and governmental apathy on the subject is the tremendous cost of an adequate CD program. The public has not been made fully conscious of the dangers involved. . It has been estimated that it would require an an outlay of at least three billion dollars to organize an adequate CD program. But whatever the cost, whether it be three billion or ten, the price would be cheap if it is capable of saving the lives of millions of our people and minimizing the property damage that would res ult. T he Soviet announcement should be enough to make us take new stock of the CD situation.''
HA VE you taken a regular Red Cross First-Aid or Home Nursing Course? This training will be invaluable in an emergency !
DO you give blood re gularly? Blood is vital in any emergency in peace or war!
HAVE you asked your local CD warden to arrange for neighborhood discussi on of home defense?

Emergency water pipe Iine and some of the emergency vehicles.
Continued from Pose
and supplies required, indicating that to come from Federal stockpile, and h. Any additional data which would be of assistance in determining whether the situation constitutes a "major disaster" and the type and extent of Federai assistance
nee essary. * * * * * * "
(The above information should be kept immediately available for ready reference. Should a community of this state be subjected to a major natural disaster, the local Civil Defense Director r.an save much time and expedite action in obtaining relief by furnishing the State Civil Defense Agency, at the earliest practicable instance, with as much of the information listed above as may be available to him.)

T he Georgia Wing of the C ivilian Air Patrol held an Air Rescue problem at St. Simons Island, Ga., on September 18-2D. About forty privately owned airplanes participated in the exercise and about 300 pilots and cadets.
The problem involved the disappearance of a Navy jet fighter on its way from Albany to Savannah and the civilian pilots searched thoroughly every square mile of the territory within sixty miles of St. Simons. When the parachute of the jet pilot was finally spotted it was west of Waycross, sixty miles away from the base of operations. Air Rescue Service officials from Montgome.y were well pleased with the problem, giving it a rating of 116/ 150 which is the best that has been done in this region on that type of proble .n.
The Civil Air Patrol aids Civil Defense as well as the Air Force in case of enemy attack, and may be used on Important missions in case of natural disaster requiring the use of Civil Defense.
Colonel Lex Benton of Atlanta is cvmmander of the CAP wing in Georgia
HAV~E---y--o-u---p-r-e-p--a-r-e-d---y-o-u-r home and your family against enemy attack?
THE DIRECTOR SAYS:
{Continued from Page 1)
upon its goods, and it would be strange indeed if so celestial an article as freedom should not be highly rated."

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/
THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Ernest Vandiver. State Director

I
Vol. 3, No. 11

Atlanta, Ga.

November, 1953

VANDIV ER ELECTED PRESIDENT OF THE
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CIVIL DEFt=NSE DIRECTORS

Ernest Vandiver
THE DIRECTOR
SAY S . . .
T he t ime has come when, if America is to survive, we must have a complete reexamination of our defenses, both military and c iv i l .
L iv ing within our income is an admirable desire, however, in order to enjoy that happy privilege, it is first necessary to live. The deve lopment of Thermo-nuclear we apons by potential enemies make it mandatory that we reevaluate, res tudy and revise our entire Civil Defense structure.
The possibility of evacuation of our c ities must now be studied and seriously considered.
T he Congress of the United State s, the Legislatures of the various States, and our cities must give top priority to Civil Defe nse, if we are to be spared utter destruction. Our defenses
Continued on Page 4

The National Association of Civil Defense Directors held their Annual Conference in Washington, D.C ., on the lst and 2nd of Octore r.
This Association is composed of t he forty-eight State Directors; Seven Directors of our Territories and Possessions ; and, the Director of the District of Columbia. The attendance at this conference was the largest since the Association was organized three years ago.
Several of our Nation's top-leve l policy make rs address ed the Association and gave interesting and informat ive talks on the national llnd international situation.
Georgia was highly honored by the election of our State Director, Ernest Vandiver, as President of the Association for the next year. The fine job Georgia is doing in Civil Defense was instrumental in Mr. Vandiver being elected to this hight position.

AIR FORCE HOLDS GOC CONFERENCE
The Air Defense Command held a two day conference at their Headquarters at Colorado Springs, Colorado, on the 9th and lOth of November. T he thirty-six States participating in the Ground Ob server Corps Program; the District of Columbia; and , Alaska were represented. Also, present was the entire Staff of the Air Defense Command; representatives from the Federal Civil Defense Administration; representatives of of the Secretary of the Air Force Office; and down through channels to include each State GOC Coordinator. In all, about 80 people connected with the overall air defense of our country were on hand to inform a nd answer questions of the thirty-eight Directors.
Ernest Vandiver, State of Geor-

Civil Defense Dire ctor attended t his meeting and was accompanied by his Ass istant, Lt. Col. Charles T . White, and Major Thomas W. Turbiville, GOC Coordinator for Georgia.
General Va nd iver, being P res ident of t he National Association of Civil Defense Directors, presided at' this Conference. After the conference , Vandiver praiaed the Air F orce for the outstanding cooperat ion given the Directors, and state d that it was the best Ground Obs ~rver Corps meeting the Association has had.
The chances are that things will get "hot" in Civil Defense in Washington during the next session. Adminis trator Peterson is thinking of asking Congress for $650,000,000 for Civil Defense next fiscal year. Since Russia's H bomb explosion th is request is likely to get serious consideration.

THE ALERT--------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

THE GEORG.IA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFE SE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Con federate Ave. S.E.
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T . WHITE Public Information Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer
MRS . JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator Women's Activities
JACK L . GRANTHAM Communication Officer
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director

iA SERVICE

II~ ;

I

II

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II

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I

KANSAS CITY MEETING
A meeting of the Un ited States Civil Defense Council was held at Kansas City on Oct. 30 to Nov. l. This is an organization made up of Civil Defense Directors of the larger cities, but invitations were: also given to the State CD Directors.
The principle topics for discuss ion at this session were: "The Red Cross and Civil Defense" "The Matching Fund Program" "Evacuation in Case of an Alert" "Communications Planning" "Air Defense and the G.O.C." "Medical Aspects of CD" "Conelrad"
The conference was attended by Deputy Director Frank A. Kopf of the Georgia State CD office, and Directors Elliott Jackson of Atlanta and Charles Musante of Savannah.
H you were a communist, wouldn't you argue that too much money is being spent on Civil Defense? Do y ou know anybody who is putting out that kind of rot?
2

This is the new rescue trailer tliat has been offered to cities by FCDA for about $4,000, half of which may be obtained under the matching funds plan.

RESCUE TRAILER NOW AVAILABLE FOR $4,000

The F.C.D.A. now has bids from the Watson Automotive Equipment Company for a rescue trailer that has practically everything that the rescue truck has, and it has been quoted at $4,000. H secured under the matching f1nds plan this would cost the city purchasing it only $2,000. It can be

towed by a ny commercial vehicle or heavy automobile. It has an all steel body construction and has a gross weight of 5400 lbs.
Cities desiring to secure one of these this fiscal year should have their Civil Defense Director contact the State Director right away.

MONDAY RADIO DRILLS

FIRE WATCH

The State Civil Defense Disaster Net Communications drills Rre again being held each Monday evening from 8:00 to 9:00 P.M. on l 789.5 kc.
These drills are established to train operating personnel in the handling of messages during an emergency.
Stations on the Disaster Net are located in Athens, Atlanta, Albany, Augusta, Brunswick, Columbus, LRGrange, Macon, Rome, Savannah, and Civil Air Patrol Mobile, at Marietta.
The stations are manned by licensed amateur radio operators and volunteers from various civic

A totai of 350 registered Civil Defense police and fire auxiliaries patrolled the. residential area of ,\1oses Lake, Washington on a 24-hour fire watch for a week recently. Fires set by an unknown arsonist, recently, resulting in $300,000 damage, necessitated the watch from September 26 to October 3rd. The volunteers operated under the direction of Allen Miller, recently appointed civil defense coordinator for Moses Lake.
groups. Hams who want to help in this should contact the Civil Defense Director of their city.

NOVEMBER, 1953

------------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT

AIR DEFENSE FACTS

STATE WELFARE

EMERGENCY WELFARE

Major T. W. T urbiville
Beginning, we hope with the

CONFERENCE
The newly formed Emergency

CONFERENCE

next issue this column will start publishing a list of the cities and cou'nties in the state that are not participating in the Ground Observer Corps. This will not be done to point the finger at a ny group or community, but rather to continue with the policy of keeping ' interested persons informed of the progre~s of our Air Defense System. Knowledge is power, and perhaps the people who can and will form GOC posts in the communities who now lack them, are not cognizant of the

Welfare Services Advisory Committee held its first meeting on Octtober 15 at the State Welfare Department.
Ernest Vandiver, State Civil Defense Director explained the need for Civil Defense and outlined the Georgia Plan of Civil Defense. Emergency Welfare Services in Georgia was presented by Phil Cawthon, Deputy Director, Emergency Welfare Services. Miss Eleanor Pryor, State Supervisor, School Lunch Program discussed the Emergency Feeding Annex

A Regional Conference on Civil Defense Emergency Welfare Services was held in Jacksonville, Florida on 1 and 2 Octoher, 1953. Karl Reiser, Region lii Welfare Officer, called the meeting in order that public welfare workers who are participating in Civil Defense activities might exchange information concerning the responsibility of state directors of Emergency Welfare Services. Also, the conference was held to coordinate and integrate into the Emergency Welfare Ser-

facts . An A-Bomb or H-Bomb attack
is not a pleasant problem to face. Americans read in their slick paper magazines about New York and other large cities being under attack, and look casually at the flami ng illu_strations, but there is a morbid unreality about all this. Maga z ines, newspapers, and other periodicals can be folded up - or thrown in the trash - the radio or televis ion set can be turned off so we won't have to listen to the truth. Civil Defense meetings ca n be ignored. But -- this doesn't change th e facts and - the facts are these : America has lost it's defe ns es of earlier times - distance and geography. They are lost , irrevocably and forever.

which she and her committee developed.
John Russell, Southeastern Area Director, American Red Cross Dis~ster Service explained the role of the American Red Cross in Emergency Mass Care. The role of State Departments and statewide organizations in Emergency Welfare Services was discussed by Karl Reiser, Regional Officer, Federal Civil Defense Administration.
The next meeting will be held m about two months at which time committees appointed by Phil Cawthon will make reports.
in a small town or rural community. These are targets too!
Civil Defense is an individual

vices program, State Departments and agencies.
John Hurley from Mass Care Section, Emergency Welfare Services, Federal Civil Defense Administration, discussed federal planning and answered many questions posed by the members. Mr. Hurley emphasized the need for surveys and planning in order to develop a basic organization to do the job.
Phil Cawthon, State Department of Public Welfare, Welborn Ellis, Fulton County Department of Public Welfare and !VIrs. John G. Lewis, Coordinator of Women's Activities, State Civil Defense Division, participated in the Conference representing Georgia.

Thes e defens es have been conquered by the intercontinental

responsibility of everyone of us. It is helping your neighbor - the

IT COULD HAPPEN HERE

bomber, capable of flying in next town - the next city and the

prac t ica lly a ny kind of weather, next state. H and when an attack

One carefully aimed atomic

over any kind of terrain - and comes -- there probably will be no blow from the skies could bring

then dropp ing its load of bombs state or county borders - we will the United States to its knees.

on a target that it doesn't even be one nation, fighting for survi- Multiply that by several well

have to see !

val. That is why it is so impor- placed, well timed bomb runs and

T he bomb bay may not contain tant to establish adequate warning the picture becomes progressively

an A-Bomb or an H-Bomb. It of enemy attack. The Ground Ob- worse - disruption of transporta-

could , a nd c onceivably will be, a server in Georgia is just as im- tion, a cut-off of food supplies,

bomb containing millions of high- portant as the Ground Observer in loss of manufacturing power, and

ly destructive germs. The Rus- St. Paul, Minnesota. The whole the limited inability to retaliate.

s ians are extremely conscious of object is to keep the skies, all The importance of the Ground Ob-

the stre ngth and potential of our over the United States clear. You, server Corps as a defense wea-

farmers and rural communities. The as an individual can help where- pon for safe-guarding our country

des truction of crops and rural communities could cripple us. Do

ever you are. See your Civil Defen~e Director today. He needs

against Russian aerial attack cannot be overestimated. You can

not be deluded into a false sense you! The State of Georgia needs combat the lurking danger by

of security just because you live you! America needs you!

joining the GOC now!

NOVEMBER, 1953

3

CHANGE IN TOURNIQUET USE

The Federal Civil Defense Administration ha s recommended a change in civil defense first-aid training on the use of tourniquets t o stop dangerous bleeding. FCDA now says that a tourniquet should not be re leased regardless of how long it has been applied, except by a physician who is prepared to c ontrol bleeding by other means to replace blood volume. F ormer practice was to release a tourniquet at 15 to 30 minute intervals.
The new civil defense practice follows recommendations made by the Committee on Surgery of the National Research Council. The Committee recommended that: (l) A tourniquet should be used only for life-endangering hemorrhage that cannot be controlled by other means; (2) It is preferable to risk gangrene in a badly damaged limb than to jeopardize life from hemorrhage by removing the tourniquet.
The Committee also found that a properly applied tourniquet may be left undisturbed for three or four hours with little risk of gangrene.
KOPF REAPPOINTED
Deputy Director of Civil Defense for the State of Georgia, Frank A. Kopf has again been a ppointed t o the National Security Commission, one of the National Standing Committees of the American Legion. He will serve on the Civil Defense Committee of this Commission. His term expires in 1956.

Colonel Ford
FULL TIME COORDINATOR
Atlanta has another full-time Civil Defense worker new. It is It is Colonel Charles M. Ford, Jr., for many years an employee of the city in the clerk's office, and also a member of the National Guard. His job will be CD Emergency Welfare Coordinator.
He was a pilot in WW IJ with 86 support missions to his credit, and in the Korean fraeas he was a group commander of the 3d Bombardment Wing.
Colonel Ford will be directly under Wellborn R. Ellis, Administrator for the Fulton County Public We Hare Department, and Director of We Hare in the Metropolitan Area Civil Defense or8lnization.
His appointment followed the resignation of several prominent Atlanta business men who were
working in the Welfare Service as volunteers. They complained that they were getting no co-operation

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THE DIRECTOR S_A.YS:
(Continued frono Page 1)
must be elastic; yet they must be complete, if we expect to retain our way of life.
The time is now. We cannot vacillate; we cannot hesitate; we cannot turn back.
My earnest prayer is that every American citizen will do his utmost; we cannot afford to have too little too late.
GJRL SCOUTS ACTIVE
The Perry Senior Girl Scouts have had two meetings during the month of October on Civil Defense. Talks were made by M-s. Walter Evans, Regent of the General Daniel Stewart Chapter, D.A.R., and Miss Martha Cooper, program chairman of the local D.A.R. chapter. Miss Louise Houser, Public Welfare Worker from Houston County, led a general discussion of the subject.
Fourteen girls of the Freshman class of Perry High School compose the troop.
A civil defense exercise involving the air force and Illinois st.ate police gave rise to false reports September 2?. that a Russian flier had landed in central Illinois in a MIG. It was actually just an exercise to test co-ordination between the air force and state police.
from the churches and others in their efforts to survey the emergency welfare possibilities. Since Colonel Ford's appointment the churches have pledged their help, and the volunteers have withdrawn their resignations.

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THE GEORGIA

-~ 14 I%3

3/_ ~ _./
Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Ernest Vandiver. State Director

Vol. 3, No. 12

Atlanta, Ga.

December, 1953

Ernest Vandiver
THE DIRECTOR SAYS ...
During the holiday season as we take time to grasp the significance of the birth of the Pri nce of Peace and contemplate the imminence of a new year, my thoughts especially are with all my fell ow civil defense workers.
It seems to me that the life of the Man whose birthday we will honor December 25, offer us of Civil Defense courage, comfort and a challenge.
Although we usually think of Civil Defense as preparation to survive enemy attack and overcome its effects, in the final analysis the first objective is to achieve peace by making such an attack un pro f i t a b l e .
Civil Defense does not teach dogma or philosophy, but its precepts of survival through knowledge, self-reliance and planned cooperation are m conformance

with the teachings of the Christ. In emphasizing the importance
of the home, the individual and the community, we are working for the concepts which make our democratic heritage complete.
By civil defense service to your nation, state, community and family, you are giving the finest possible Christmas gift. You are giving your efforts in order tha t we may have peace in our time and that mankind shall not perish.
May our spiritual strength increase as we observe the birth of Him whom the prophet Isaiah foretold would come upon this earth in the role of the Prince of Peace.
"And a Savior was born, and they called His name Emmanuel, which being interpreted, means -God With Us."
As we observe in the days to come this blessed event of almost two thousand years ago, may we hold in our heart:. the promise which His birth, and the very name that was given Him, brought to the people of that day and of every day to come until time shall be no more -- that solemn assurance that if God be for us, who can be against us. Also, that as we preserve in our own lives and the life of our Na tion, the lessons which He taught, we can be quite sure that He shall endow us with wisdom and with strength sufficient unto our great need.
In our world, so rife with materialism and shot through with paganism, some have lost that

star of righteousness. the star of peace, and the star of faith. At this season let us once again seek to have these stars shine in our lives by letting Christ come into our lives. May ours not be the experience of the Innkeeper, who said, "there is no room in the inn." Rather may we say, ''Come into our hearts, Lord Jes us, there is room for Thee."
In preparing our homes against disaster, let us first and foremost confront our perils as Paul advised his congre gation to confront theirs, "Putting on the breastplate of faith and love, and for a helmet, the hope of salvation."
May it come to pass that the stars will shine and bring hope and meaning in the days which are ahead.
CAUBLE APPOINTED
Jerry Cauble, Northern Area Director of the Civil Defense Division, has been appointed Department Civil Defense Committee Chairman of The American Legion of Georgia for 195354. The appointment was announced by A. Sydney Dodd, Jr., Statesboro, Department Commander, who said that it will be the aim of the Legion in Georgia through 318 Posts and 59,000 members to develop a stronger Civil Defense program than ever before in cooperation with local and state Civil Defense authorities.
The keystone of CD is the block warden. He should be clothed with authority to inspect for fire hazards.

THE ALERT
,----------------------------
THE GEORGIA ALERT
Pub/ ished monthly by the
DEPARTMENf OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave. S.E.
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator Women's Activities JACK L. GRANTHAM Communication Officer
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
NEW YORK SCHOOLS HOLD
PRACTICE ALERT MONTHLY
All Superintendents of Schools in New York State serving communities of 5,000 or over must hold air raid alert drills at least once a month in addition to their regular fire drills. Sneak attack "drop-on-the-floor" drills at irregular intervals are also advised. A report of these drills must be made monthly to The Coordinator of Civil Defense for Schools in Albany.
Each Superintendent must have a CD Committee made up of teachers, P.T.A. members, and principals whose duties are to make recommendations on CD problems as they affect school children to the State Coordinator. Some of the problems to be considered are evacuation of school children, continuing of the Gchool program, school records, registration of pupils, medical and nursing supervision, and use of the two-session system if destruction of school buildings is heavy.
The school bulletin points out that the air raid signal must be entirely different from the regular fire drill alert.
2

DONO HAN KS NEW DEPUTY REGIONAL ADMINISTRATOR
Dono W. Hanks, Jr., has been appointed Deputy Administrator for the thirdregion of the F .C.D.A. He succeeds Col. Harry Brown who moved up to Administrator upon the resignation of Mr. Wiley Moore.
Mr. Hanks had served on the F.C.D.A. staff in Washington for several years, and has been interested in Civil Defense for a long time. His book, "The status of Civil Defense in American Cities" published in 1950 caused him to get the Freedom Foundation Award for the best CD publication of that year. He has also worked for the American Municipal Association, and was the founder and first editor of ''Southern City," which served eight southern states.
He was born and reared in Ne wBern, North Carolina, and was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1935.
FIRM GETS TAX WRITE--OFF
The only Company in the nation that has taken advantage of Government tax write-offs to build bomb shelters for its employees said that construction was "we ll advanced." Though the shelters are designed solely for the protection of 1,300 plant employees , the Cincinnati Milling & Machine Co. will get a 100% tax write-off over five years for construction of two shelters, to cost some $555,000. (UP- NY Times , 10/ 8)
The Communications Division of FCDA is working on a special device which could be placed in the home, and costing less than five dollars which could be set off by central control point to give warning to the family at a ny time of the night or day. T his would be a signal to turn the radio on 640 or 1240 a nd listen to the warning news on Conelrad.
Penicill in and insulin were both discovered by accide nt, the A bomb on purpose.

TARGET CITY DIRECTORS MEET
The November meeting of the Civil Defense Directors of target cities was held at Columbus Nov. 13. In the morning session Major General Ernest Vandiver a nd his state CD staff met with the Columbus CD staff under the direction of Major Ben H. Hardaway at the control center which is located at the Public Works shop. Talks were made by practically all of the state chiefs, and several of the Columbus staff.
In the afternoon a round table discussion of the CD problems facing Augus~a, Columbus, and Macon was held, and the matching funds program for the present fiscal year was thoroughly explained. T he air-warning systems in target cities will have to be practically completed before more money will be available.
It was decided that the next meeting should be the latter part of January in Augusta.
The Federal Civil Defense Administration has secured permission from the Postoffice De partment to display Civil Defense signs and posters in postoffices. The authorization appears in the Postal Bulletin of Aug. 11, 1953, on page 2. (Bulletin o. 19661)
American Legion Commander Art. Connell said that eve ry Ame rican Legion Post should have at least a resc ue team organized, a nd offer its services to the I ocal director.
George F. Arnold of Columbus is to continue as President of the organization for the next year , and Joseph L. Ma lone, Director of 13oston, is in line for the year following.
The State of Connecticut has a law that gives any worker injured in authorized CD work the same protection as other industrial workers. The expense is horne by the local government.
DECEMBER, 1953

WOMEN'S ADVISORY
COMMITTEE MEETS
i\lrs. Gertrude Harris, State Chairman Women's Advisory Committee, reports one hundred registered at the third meeti ng of the committee held in Savannah, Georgia on Friday, ovember 6. Twentysix women's organizations were represented . Nineteen Georgia towns sent dele ga tes. a nd one was in attendance from Charlotte, orth Carolina. Members of the State and Regional Staff were present also.
T he program theme was on Home and 1 eighborhood Protection with l'vlrs . J, T. deJarnette, Regional Ass istant Adminis tra tor for Women 's Affairs speaki ng on that subject. Mrs. Mary Grubbs, Supervisor Audio-V isual Ed ucation, with the State Department of E ducation de monstrated the selection and preparation of ''Safe Food and Water in Emergencies" as a family project.
Director Vandiver's keynote address emphasized that women's major contribution to Civil Defens e is in the realm of the spiritual.
Dr. L. M. Pe trie, Deputy Director, Civil Defense Health Services, outlined the State plan for that service. Chatham-Savannah Director Musa nte gave a resume of their Civil Defense , plan, and accompl ishments there in Training, Welfare, and Health were discussed by John Lytjen, Mrs . Annie Oliver and Dr. L. M. Freeman.
Miss Elizabeth Gree ne - Pilot Club, Mrs. A. J, Schano - Council of Catholic Women, Mrs . Robert H. llumphrey - D.A.H., Miss Carrie L ee Hankinson- Business a nd .Profe ssional Wome n's Club, Mrs. Melvin Siegel - 13'Nai B'R ith Women, Miss Carolyn Warnell - Home Demonstration Club, and Mrs. Bob Dart Brown - Junior Woma n's Club reported on activities of their orga nizations in the Civil Defense program .
Special thanks go t o Mrs . Robert E. Frankenfield, Coordinator of Women's Divis ion, Chatham-Savannah Defense Counc il and her committees on Local Arrangements for

THE ALERT

U. S. CIVIL DEFENSE COUNCIL REVEALS THAT RECURRING CHARGES MAY BE MATCHED

Several new items of information were brought to the surface at the

meeting of the United States Civil Defense Council held at Kansas-

City October 29th to Nov. 1st. The meeting was well attended, and

several controversial points were discussed to the edification of a ll .

Sam Wilson, Jr. Cleveland Dep-

uty Director, headed the panel on

matching funds, and it was brought submitted by Jan. 4, 1954.

out that the cost of constructing

Brig. Gen. C. 0. Thrasher, CD

a control center could be matched Director of Kansas City brou ght

if the program is well advanced, out the distinction between "te rn-

it is a part of another structure, porary dispersion" which is only

and located where it would be removal of the populace for the

useful even after a probable at- time of the disaster until things

tack. This is retroactive to July can be brought around to normal

1, 1953. A line from a control again, and "evacuation," which is

center to the Conelrad headquar- permanent removal of those who

ters would be put in, if needed, are not necessary to the success-

and the whole expense borne by ful operation of industry. He em-

The Air Force. It was also phasized that the radar line could

brought out that recurring charges, be "jammed," and Colonel Ta lb ot

such as those for telephone of gave the information that we a re

teletype connections at the control now able to "counter-jam" the

center could be put on matching jammers. All of which means that

funds. The request should be G.O.C. is still very important.

the outstanding work done in preparation for the meeting and entertainment of guests.
Mrs. Harris announced that the next committee meeting will be .held in about six months.

Red Cross will pay for bringi ng in extra nurses in case of natural disaster.
Retaliation is not the answer to Russia's threat.

There Are Too Many of Us Like This -:- By Jimmy Hatlo

DE CE~1 BE R, 1953

3

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

W. s_ LAWRENCE OF FCDA

Sl RENS ATTRACT BIRDS

C.. D. IN MERIWETHER

SPEAKS AT CLINIC HERE

A pickup truck is used exclusively in the servicing and main-

Meriwether County schools have

William S. Lawrence, Director of tenance of the city's sirens in all received instruction on Civil

Transportation of the FCDA gave his views on the national transpor-

New Orleans, La. The importance of regular main-

Defense through the cooperation of County Superintendent of Schools,

tation problems as they would exist in this country following an "emergency'' during the Transportation Clinic held at the University of Georgia, Atlanta Division, November 20. At this clinic executives of large corporations including railroads, air lines, bus lines, truck lines, and others meet every year to discuss the problems in which they have a common interest.
The most impressive statement made by Mr. Lawrence was that in

tenance checks was pointed up when at least half a dozen hird's nests and bee hives were removed from siren housings by the CD mechanic during routine inspections
(Civil Defense News, Utica)
don't do it, and find that the emergency wocks a hardship on their ::ompany it is their own fault hecause now they have a chance to have a hand in the formulating of those plans.

E. C. Mitcham and Bob Sparks, Director of Civil Defense. Bob Todd, Principal at Greenville, and E. E. Haines, Principal at Luthersville and their faculties all have been active in recognizing the importance of this instruction. Mrs. Irwin Gilbert, of the Women's Advisory Council has sparked the women of the county to see that all schools learn about Civil De-
fense.- - - - - - - -

case of a declared emergency, (a)

The FCDA Transportation Divis-

The FCDA is awarding a con-

the Federal Civil Defense Adminis- ion is working hard to make a,post- tract for 500,000 ft of fire hose

trator would he supreme in power emergency plan that will not pennit ahout the first of Dectmber. This

"without regard to any existing law" the public to be gouged by the car- goes to those c1t1es who have

with the power to s ieze, control and riers, and yet will not ''break the purchased hose under the match-

direct all modes of transportation, backs" of the transportation com- ing funds program. A great deal

and (h) the FCDA is now making panies.

of it will go to Georgia. Delivery

plans for the emergency if it should

''Without communications there is will begin about January and con-

come, and (c) all transportation com- no transportation, and without trans- tinue for five months.

panies are invited to come in and portation there is no defense" was

There is no matching money

volunteer for CD service in the mak- one of the many axioms quoted by available for fire equipment this

ing of these plans, and (d) if they Mr. Lawrence.

year.

~~Faster!"

Courtesy Scott Long in The Minneapolis Tribune
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THE

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Ernest Vandiver. State Director

Atlanta, Ga.

January, 1954

Ernest Vandiver
THE DIRECTOR SAYS ...
An effective civil defense program is a strong force for peace!
There is no inconsistency in this state ment. And, it is not based on the fact that civil defense has already in its short life proved itself an invaluable life and property saver in peacetime disasters such as floods, storms, fires, and earthquakes.
The objective of our foreign pol icy is to do away with war. We are striving to build up our defenses to t he point where they will be so strong that no potential enemy will dare test them.
A strong civil defense is a major part of this deterrent program. Civil defense, then, like a strong arm ed force, is not just a shield but a sword. It can actually help hold the enemy at bay. If the enemy knows that he can demoralize us by an a ll-out attack on the home front;
See THE DIRECTOR, Page 4

SAVANNAH CATHOLIC WOMEN IN CIVIL DEFENSE

The women of the Savannah-Atlanta Diocesan Council, which is the Georgia Divis ion of the National Council of Catholic Women and made up of ninety-six organizations in all parts of the State are active in the Civil Defense program. 1\ts. A. J. Schano of Savannah is the able
president and Mrs. George J. Gun-
ning of Atlanta. is the immediate past president.
In August Mrs. Joseph J. Dembowski. Diocesan Civil Defense Chairman outlined a ten point program of activities as follows: l. Contact your local Civil Defense office and offer the services of your
organization. Then work in coopt:ration with this authority. 2. Appoint a strong Civil Defense Committee. The Chairman should attend deanery or district council meetings in order to bring Civil Defense information to her group and report the participation of her organization. 3. Launch the Civil Defense participation program within your organization at a public gathering with representatives of the various publicity media present. 4. Alert the membership of your organization to Civil Defense needs. Register members who are prepared to participate and those who des ire tmining. 5. Urge all members to see that every member of their family, their friends and neighbors avail themselves of every bit of Civil Defense training offered, such as Red Cross first aid classes, home fire-fighting classes, home nursing classes, and the like. Insist that all be typed for

blood donors or in case of injury for necessary transfusions. 6. Promote Civil Defense activities through forums, speeches, individual contacts. 7. Schedule at least five minutes at every organization meeti ng in which to spotlight official Civil Defe nse activities. 8. In order that all members of your organization and their families may be registered, make this service available at monthly meetings, also securing blanks for dog tags. 9. Keep before your organization the fobr major principles of Civil Defense, namely:
a. A well informed public b. A trained Civil Defe nse Corps c. Adequate tools to do the Job d. A High State of National
Readiness 10. Be truly Catholic in every phase of Civil Defense work. Know your
religion. Be ready to explain it or
bring its consolation to those to whom you may minister in a disaster. See every sufferer or homeless p erson as your brother in Christ. Show in every action that a good Catholic
is a good citizen. A check last month indicated that
the members of this organization are striving toward the realization of this program. not only to be informed themselves, but to see that every person within their reach may know exactly what to do if an attack comes.
We are most grateful for the interest of the Catholic Women and hope other groups will become active in Civil Defense either as an organization or individuals.

THE ALERT---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORG.IA ALERT
Pub/ isheel monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave. S.E.
ERI'lEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator Women's Activities JACK L. GRANTHAM Communication Officer
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area D/rector HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Dir'!ctor HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area D /rector
THESE PEOPLE KNOW
Two persons who took part in nuclear detonations, one involving the first A-bomb used in combat and the other the first H-homh test, recently made these comments:
On October 20, Capt. Robert A. Lewis, co-pilot of the Enola Gay, the plane which carried the A-bomb to Hiroshima, said: "Civil defense is the only chance of survival against the atomic bomb."
On November 11, Thomas E. Murray, AEC Commissioner, said: "This matter of survival has been specially on my mind since a year ago when I participated in our thermonuclear testing in the far Pacific. From that time I knew that man's survival must he planned for and worked for and not just lightly taken for granted as in the past."
The oldest and the youngest Civil Defense plane spotters in the nation work at the same GOC post in Atlantic Highlands, N.J., reports the Associated Press.
They are Calvin W. Miller, 86 year old retired carpenter, and Ronnie Barker, 7, a second grade pupil.

SIX REASONS
Six reasons why American people are dragging their heels on Civil Defense were given by Val Peterson, Federal Civil Defense Administrator in a talk to Legion Department Commanders and Adjutants at their fall conference.
l. Most people are a little hit lazy about doing what they need to do today to get ready for tomorrow.
2. All of us are hoping and praying there won't he a third World War.
3. People are wishing so hard t.hat there won't he another war that they are mistaking the wish for a fact.
4. Many people believe that the destruction from an atomic bombing would he so great they couldn't do anything about it anyway, so why try.
5. About 75 per cent of the people seem to believe that the armed forces could stop enemy bombers from getting through, in spite of the fact the the armed forces have repeatedly warned that they couldn't stop all attacking planes.
6. America has not felt the foot of an invader since 1815, and many Americans just can't believe our country could he attacked.
Until those six things are modified, softened or eliminated, we aren't going to get an adequate Civil DefeP"'e for the United States, Peterson predicted.
Personal counseling to the affected people of a disaster area is one of the greatest needs, said Barnet F. Landstreet, FCDA Director of Evacuation speaking to the Georgia Conference of Social Welfare at Savannah. Since the south is rather short of psychiatrists most of the comforting and advising will probably have to he done by ministers, priests, and rabbis.
Pete D. Craig has been appointed Regional Public Mfairs officer to succeed Pat Kelly. He has been in government service since 1943, starting with the War Labor Board. He has just finished the Administrative course at Olney.

COLUMBUS GETS FUNDS
The city of Columbus had a severe tornado April 18, 1953 which totally destroyed over 5{)() homes, and damaged a thousand more. It also blew down thousands of big trees with untold value, and destroyed a considerable amount of public property, including schools. Efforts of the city government and Governor Herman Talmadge to get this declared a major natural disaster at the time were futile, although home owners were finally allowed to borrow money to replace the ir homes at a reduced rate.
On the eve of President Dwight Eisenhower's trip to Augusta to play golf during the Thanksgiving holidays he allotted S175,000 to help pay the cost of the emergency repairs and labor that was occasioned by the tornado. Mr. Henry H. Hutchison of the FCDA Budget and Fiscal Office in Washington held a conference in Columbus in December to facilitate the payment of these funds. The School District will get the biggest share of the money, some $124,0001 the City of Columbus will receive $44,000 for the labor used in debris clearance, and the county of Muscogee will receive about $6,000 to reimburse them for part of the money they spent on the project.
A course in Civil Defense Operations will be offered for the first time at the Staff College in Olney the week beginning Feb. 15. It is open only to those who have had the course in CD Administration or had its equivalent in experience. Those desiring to take either course should notify State Director, Ernest Vandiver and he will arrange enrollment. No char~e for tuition.
"Farmers are an essential link in biological warfare defense" said
veterinarian Dr. Frank Todd address-
ing the Southern Veterinary Medical Association in Atlanta. "They are in the best position to spot the first sign of trouble." New diseases and unusually heavy cases of any disease should be reported to the nearest veterinarian.

2

JANUARY, 1954

EVACUATION BOARD MEETS
T he second meeting of the State Civil Defense Evacuation Board called by Phil Cawthon, Deputy Direc tor Emergency Welfare Services was held on December 15th in the State Control Center. Attending were Karl Reiser, Regional Welfare Officer, FCDA; Harold Parker, State
We lfare Department; Dr. L. M. Pe-
trie, Deputy Director Health and Me dical Services ; Col. T. D. House, Deputy Director Engineering and Rescue Services; Walter McDonald, Tra nsportation and Utilities; Mrs. John G. Lewis, Coordinator of Women's Activities. Col. Charles M. Ford, Jr., Deputy Director Emergen-
cy We lfare Services and Capt. L. B.
Eas on, Evacuation Officer both of Atlanta Metropolitan Area were present as observe rs.
''Evacuation of Civilians" an Army Training Film was shownfollowed by a discussion of the functions of an evacuation board , ev acuation assumptions, state organization, resources and records, state responsibility to local organizations, and coordination.
Before the next meeting, January 26, 1954 at 2:30 P.M., Directors of all Services are requested to name re presentatives for the Evacuation Board. Critical target and target cities are also invited to send representatives should they wish to do s o.
T he Conelrad system was tested all over the country on Septe mber 16 in the early hours of the morning. It was declared to be a success. Two of Atlanta's radi o stations went on 640 or 1240 kc.
In a recent speech FCDA Administrator Val Peterson mentioned the figure $650 million as the cost of our CD program. Most newspapers interpreted this to mean that he would ask this amount of the next Congress. He later explained that this is the over-all cost of what is now on the boards, and that it would be spread over several years. The a mount to be requested this year will be nearer S 125 million.
J ANUARY, 1954

ACT NOW ON YOUR PATRIOTIC
HOME DEFENSE P LEDGE
REMEMBER THAT A TRAINED, ALERT AMERICA
IS A MIGHTY FORCE FOR PEACE

THE ALERT

HAVE you begun your training for one of the active CD services in your community?
HAVE you posted the CD Air Raid Alert Card in your home and office? DO you carry the Alert Card in your pocket? DO you hold regular practice alerts at home?
HAVE you equipped the most protected place you can find in or near

your home for an air-raid shelter ? HAVE you learned how to mini-
mize danger of injury in an atomic attack?
HAVE you prepared an 'Emergency First-Aid Kit for your home for use in peace or war?
DO you practice fireproof housekeeping? HAVE you learned to fight fires in the home?

r - - - - - -- -- - - - - -'- - - - - - - - - - -- - - - ,


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3

THE ALERT
AIR DEFENSE FACTS
Major Thomas W. Turbiville
The past year has seen an appreciable growth in the strength of the Georgia Ground Observer Corps. At this, the end of 1953, nearly 75% of the required number of Ground Observer Posts have been formed, and Air Defense Filter Centers in the State are reaching towards their quotas of volunteers.
In spite of the obvious need for additional posts however, some localities have not yet spurred their citizens into the necessary effort. It is an incredible thing, that with all the need for skywatchers to supplement the Country's Radar Net, the publicity on radio and TV, the talks and visits by State Officials, the activities and hard work of City and County Civil Defe!lse Directors, that some .. localities continue to evade this responsibility. The formation of Ground Observer Posts every 8 miles in the Sta.te is a very real and necessary thing. Certainly, we all hope that we will never see an enemy aircraft over our soil, but we do not know the Russian intention -- we only know their capability. The bomb can be delivered. Can we afford to take a chance? Every blank spot where a Ground Observer Post does not exist, is a potential approach route for the enemy.
It is hoped that in the months to come, those communities who have lagged in the formation of posts, will take the necessary action to form one. To the thousands of Georgia Volunteers, already manning our Ground Observer Posts and Air Defense Filter Centers --- congratulations, and heartfelt thanks for a job well done.

.,.
~ .'.

"HELP! YOU ARE HEEDED" REMEMBER THAT AD??
The November 7 issue of the "News Letter" carried a boxed display ad which had appeared on the front page, right hand corner of "Niagara Falls Gazette" on two days. It began: "We must have 9 business or industrial executives to take charge of the Administration of Medical Units." The ad even stated that the job would require not over tw:o hours a week
Results? One answer - from a man who was a warden in England during World War II.
In telling about it in the "Niagara Falls Gazette" of November 18, CD Director M. Bradley N<rton said:
"One top official, when asked in a public meeting, what was holding back the organization and perfecting of the Civil Defense forces, answered:
'IT IS YOU AND YOUR WIFE!' "
The new Civil Defense law in Wisconsin provides that the County Clerks are to serve as CD Liaison Officers in counties having no Civil Defense Directors. This fills a need of long standing. Often there is no official source of CD information, and in some places there are intervals between the resignation of an old director and the appointment of a new one when nobody knows the score.
"The basic job is to sell American people on the fact that Civil Defense is actually a new responsibility of American citizenship today."
Val Peterson
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THE DIR ECTOR SAYS:
(Continued from Page l)
if' he knows we are not prepared for it; if he knows that our civil defense is ill-manned, ill-trained, illequipped, then we're giving him the kind of odds he likes. We're making it possible for him to attack us on the home front when, from his point of view' it would be neither stupid n<r criminal.
But if the enemy knows that millions of Americans are ready to move to action when attack comes; if he knows that we have thousands of rescue squads and tens of thousands of wardens and millions of Americans trained in first-aid, then the enemy will think twice before launching an attack. According to Lenin himself, an attack under ,such conditions would be both stupidity and a crime. A strong civil defense stands side by side with our armed forces as a deterrent to attack and thus helps serve the cause of peace in the world.
"Protect Our People First" is the first thought of everyone concerned with homefront preparedness in America.
Panic is one of the worst problems of Civil Defense.
Ignorance causes panic. Don't be ignorant!! Learn something about Civil Defense.
An agreement between Civil Defense and Red Cross in Georgia will soon be published which will explain the lines of demarcation and overlappings of the two organizations. It will be distributed to all Directors and Red Cross Chapters.

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THE GEORGIA

GENERAL LI BRARY
:Es ts 1954

De portment of Defense, Civil Defense Di vision, Ernest Vandiver. State Director

Atla nta, Ga .

Febru ary, 1954

Ernes t Vandiver
THE DIRECTOR SAYS .. .
T<'day the Ameri can way of life provides the highest standard of liv ing ever enjoyed by any peoplt: in all history. But all of us are prone to take the things we have and the conditions under which we live for granted.
We forget that people in many other countries would look upon our everyday conveniences as fabulous luxuries. We forget that the average American makes and poss esses more than ten times as much of the World's goods as the average non-American.
America has only one-sixteenth of the world's population and about the same prop ortion of lund and natural resources . But, America has more than one -ha lf of the world's telephone, telegraph and radio networks-more than one-third of the railways-about three-fourths of the
Continued on Page 4

PRES I DENT TELLS MAYORS CITY IS

FRONT LINE IN ALL FUTURE WARS

President Eisenhower made a very pointed talk to the assembled Mayors of the country in December when they had a chance to be briefed on the Civil Defense plans of this country, and to see the pic tures taken of the ''nuclear fus ion device" that was exploded in the Pacific last year.
The problem of the city becoming the principal target for a n enemy seeking to conquer the nation, said the President, (means) "We have got to the place where the matte r can no longer he wholly handled by professional or organize d military forc es , and where we must all act together in the operation of any plan necessary for our safety."
The P resident continued: " I think it is most easily described or explained by the s imple truth that what would he ne cessary is the readiness of fire departments, hospital and health departments, police departments, sanitation departments-all must be prepared to h~ndle their jobs. ''Now if th e federal governme nt tried to come in to do that, in t hat preparatory period, it would certainly he unwarranted interference an d justifiably resented. As a matter of fact, it would he impossible. We all have jobs. In the carrying out of our job here, we intend to do everything that is reasonable, decent and proper in supporting the cities in mee ting their own proh-

le ms . '' . The winning of war- the
effe ctive nes s of such things-- is in the heart, in the determination, in the faith. It is in our beliefs- in our country--i n God--evervt hinp; that
goes to ma ke up America. ''Now, first of all, then this great
problem lies in one that is really outside the rea lm of money and the material preparation. It is in conviction a nd be lief , in readiness and discipline--of those things that need to he done by the population to save itself. It isn't easy.
" When a threat is not immediate wit h us, the ordinary American is not particularly anxious to get out and do a drill that he thinks has a little hit of the infantile about it. He possibly sees himself back in primary school, where he had drills, or eva cuating the schoolroom, in case of fire. But there was a very grea t principle there.
"Ordered haste will save you and panic will destroy you. So it is, first of a ll , against the incidence of pa nic that we must be prepared. In other words, there must he unders ta nding produced by leadership, inspired leadership--leadership that is una fraid.
"In other words, Pearl Harbor was a disaster because it was a surprise. Had everybody been ready and waiting, the attack could not lave been launched." .

TilE A L E R T - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPAHTME ~' l' OF O EFE!\S~
CIVIL DEFE NSE DIVISIO r~ 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
ERNEST VANDIVE R Director
FRA NK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
11/ILLIA/;, F. KERNS Engineering Officer
MR S. JOH :-4 G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRA:H:'IAM Communications Officer
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
HAf<RY LJ. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director
HOYLE R. Y ArmLE Southeastern Area Director
FUTURE HOMEMAKERS TO PUSH CIVIL DEFENSE
Safety and Civil Defense has been announced by the Georgia Association of Future Homemakers of America as a new state project for its 18,300 members from 382 schools. This is a non-profit youth organization made up of Junior and Senior High School students studying home economics who are dedicated to the promotion of good homemaking practices, careers in home economics, and to the building of better home and community life.
The projects committee makes the following suggestions to the chapters to use in beginning a Civil Defense program in the school, community and homes: l. Begin a "Spotters Club" open to members who are interested in it. You may get information and help on this project from your Civil Defense Office. 2. Dog-tag Project-start a a drive in your school for all students to have dog-tags. 3. Cooperate with Red Cross. 4 . !l ave air raid drills just as you do fire drills. 5. Prepare air raid shelter in home, community and school. 6. Place First-Aid Kits in community centers. 7. Begin 13lood Donors and Blood
2

AMERICA NEEDS YOU

IN THE GROUND OBSERVER CORPS!

The potential of modern military offense is such that a surprise raid against this country could cause tremendous casualties.
Our military defense is aware of this possibility. Air Force interceptor planes and Army antiaircraft batteries are. designed to repel such an attack.
Dut-if that attack ever comeswarning must come through in time! Citizen volunteer plane spottersground observers-play a vital role in providing the necessary warning.
Already some 300,000 civilian Americans are contributing to the job of guarding our ramparts. I salute these Ground Observers for their patience, their perseverance, their patriotism.
But the job calls for twice their number to man these vital posts. Will you serve your country for 2 hours a week?
PRE S IDENT OF THE: UNITI:O STATES
Drive. 8. Have emergency food supply in homes. 9. First-Aid Kit in home . 10. !lave a safety survey and safety campaign. While holding this survey and campaign, print cards with a skull and cross bone. Place these cards in all unsafe places. Leave them there until the unsafeness has been remedied. 11. Have a home safety check list. 12. Observe . ational Safety Week with chapel or P .T.A. programs and suggestions in connection with Safety.
The Future Homemakers of Georgia are to be commended for promoting a project which will benefit not only themselves, but the entire country as well.
Miss Virginia Pinso n, State President and Miss DeLoyce Strickland, immediate past president along with Mrs. Mac Barber, State Advisor represent this organization on the Georg ia Women's Advisory Committee for Civil Defense.

AIR DEFENSE FACTS
By Thomas W. Turbiville
Recently, articles on Continental Air Defense and new weapons have appeared in several natio~al magazines. While the authors of these articles have some basis for their facts, I think that the general public has a tendency to misinterptet the information in terms of increased national safety. Certainly, there are new weapons as well as new electronic devices, in limited quantity. There will be more, but the time has not arrived, nor is it in the immediate future, when we can switch on a mechanical "brain" with built-in-weapons, sigh contentedly and relax in the sure know ledge that America's ramparts and heartland, are safe.
The intelligent, patriotic, individual American is still the core of our defense as well as our offense. This will always be so; and, never so much as now when more and more volunteers are needed for Civil Defense, in all it's many vital services. This is no time to relax. Ground Observer Posts are still needed in many commumt1es throughout the State. The Air Uefense Command and your Civil Defense Director earnestly request that all citizens who can serve in

FEBRUARY, 1954

EL LIOTT JACKSON, Director for Civi I Defense for the Metropolitan Atlanta Area spi ns the dial of a large replica af the bell and lights air raid warning system at a recent community-wide meeting at the Pine Lake club house. This equipment wasexplai ned in a lecture-demonstration by J. S. Bonner, General Coordinator of Civil Defense Services for the Southern Bell Telephone Company. Shown left to right are, T. L. Rainwater, Jr., Pine Lake Lions Club President; t.:rs. C. E. McCrary, Pine Lake Womens' Club; Mr. Jackson; Stanley Hastings, DeKalb County Civil Defense
Director; and Mr. Bonner.

"H ECKLE" AND "NEEDLE"
IF YOUR NECK IS INVOLVED
'' . . . YOU can do YOUR part by "heckling" and "needling" the managers of the buildings where you work . H no preparations are being made in y our apartment house, in your factory , in the office where you work, YOU have some responsibility. After all, your neck is involved, too. Only when t he people care, a nd make known their concern, will those in positions of auth ority take act ion. Who would dig you out if you were buried, but a live? Don't you care ? ("The Keystone Defender" - Dec.)
Ci vil Defense is common sense. se yo ur head, don't lose it.
Civil Defense is the extension of already existing government facilities .
the Ground Observer Corps see your local Civil Defense Director immediately .
FEBR UAR Y, 1954

GEORGIA TO HOLD
POLICE INSTITUTE
Plans are under way to hold a two day Police Institute in Atlanta the la tter part of March to give Ge orgia police who may some day be called upon for Civil Defense duties an idea of just how the job should be handled. Special emphas is will be given to the traffic ma nagement angle. Colonel W. C. Dominy of the State Department of Public Safety is Director of P olic e Services in Civil Defense and will have charge of the school. Instructors will be furnished by the Federal CD Administration in Washington. There will be no charge attached except that those attending will have to furnish their own meals and lodging. Sessions will be held at the University of Georgia, Atlanta Divis ion. The dates set for the institute are March 30-31.
It is hoped that at least two will attend from each of the large r cities of Georgia, and one from the s maller cities.

TilE ALERT
PETERSON SAYS INDUSTRIES LAGGING IN CIVIL DEFENSE
Governor Val Peterson, FCDA Administrator published a n a rticl e in the current issue of "The Interna tional Fire Fighter" in which he states that industries in genera l are not taking advantage of thi s lu ll before the storm to strengthen their Civil Defense forces. He depl ores the existing lethargy and recommends the following eight points in strengthening their CO:
1. Formation of a joint lab or-management planning committee to work with local CO authorities.
2. Plant surveys to locate a nd eliminate possible hazards.
3. Provision of first-aid stations, shelters, and other means of protection such as fire fightin g, resc ue, welfare, police and traffic control.
4. Provision of protection for essential records, either through dispersal of duplicates or protective construction.
5. Installation of warning and control systems.
6. Review of all available literature on atomic test results.
7. Consideration of plant dispersal, underground construction for storage and operations, and other plans for reducing vulnerability.
8. Encouragement of CO interest and participation by the individual at work and in the home.
Members of our staff would be glad to assist any of the local C ivil Defense Directors in the establish!Jlent or furtherance of such a program where you believe more progress should be made.
The Third Regional office of FCDA has been informed that appropriate notice will be issued in an early edition of the Postal Bulletin authorizing Postmasters to permit the posting of Civil Defense notices and posters in all buildings under the control of the Postoffice Department.
The former notice permitted this in only certain states.
Leningrad aoo Moscow are the only H-bomb targets in Russia.
3

"PUBLIC MUST STAY HOME" OHIO CD NEWS EMPHASIZES
(From "Ohio CD News")
''Each Director within the State is urged to contact all public information media, such as newspaper, radio , and television, and provide them with a statement by the Director, the Mayor, and the Chiefs of Fire and Police, jointly, to the effect that when a disaster occurs within the locality, everyone not concerned should keep away from the area. This request should be made to the public not once, but at frequent intervals, in order that they may not have an opportunity to forget.
"We are furnishing you with this information because of the experience CD Director Ralph R. MacCracken of Lancaster had on Saturday, October 3. Two aircraft collided over the city of Lancaster. The pilots parachuted to safety but the planes crashed very close to the corporate limits. Within a very few minutes of this crash, all of the highways leading out of the city became clogged with automobiles, children on bicycles, and pedestrians. This resulted in a blockade of the highway for the Fire Department, doctors, ambulance, airport facility crash truck, and other necessary equipment. The fire equipment, ambulance, and doctors had to p~k their vehicles one-half mile from the scene of the incident and proceed on foot to fight the resulting blaze and furnish aid to the injured pilots. Persons in automobiles refused to get out of the way to allow the equipment to proceed."
The same situation existed when the Navy plane crashed near Buford

THE DIRECTOR SAYS

DELIVERY TRUCK AMBULANCE-The ability of the aluminum litter-cot to convert commercial vehicles into standby ambulances is demonstrated in this photo. The litter-cot design was based on an idea from New York (State) Civil Defense. The finished design was perfected by Simmons Tool Corp., the manfacturer, aided by Aluminum Company of America. The combination cot and stretcher can be used or stacked like
bunk beds as shown. ALCOA
The law under which the State Guard Forces were organized during World War II has expired and at present this organization could not be called into being again if they should be needed in the absence of the National Guard. A bill will be introduced by Senator Saltonstall this year that will provide for the reorganization of the State Guard. Civil Defense needs this organization as its "right hand" in case of enemy attack.
Highway on Jan. 17. H you can't be of assistance, stay away from the spot of the disaster.

Continued from Page I
automobiles-almost one-half of the radios.
Just what is it that has given Americans the highest income-the most goods-the best quality-and the lowest prices on earth? It is free enterprise-the one system in which men are free to take business risks; free to make a profit; free to expand; free to change jobs; free to keep pace with the wants and and needs of people.
These freedoms have fostered the spirit and created the labor-saving machines through which we Americans produce so much faster for every hour we work. Thus we earn more and can buy more.
The wonderful American way of life described above is mentioned only to bring out the point that we can lose it! We can lose the next war if we are not prepared on the home front. The only way we can defend our American way of life is through an adequate civil defense force. Civil Defense is everybody's business.
Dr. Vannevar Bush, President
of the Carnegie Foundation pleading for greater secrecy in military planning, said that ''the support of planning activities had rested to a large degree upon public judgment, which in turn, had been guided by "the horseback opinion of columnists, unsupported by careful analysis " The nation has had too much planning by slogans and too much jockeying for the defens e dollar by groups with special interests.

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THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Ernest Vandiver. State Director

Vol. 4, No. 3

Atlanta, Ga.

March, 1954

Ernest Vandiver
THE DIRECTOR SAYS ...
The time has come when, if Americ a is to survive, we must have a comp lete reexamination of our defe nse s, both military and civil.
Living within our income is an admirable desire, however, in order to enjoy that happy privilege, it is first necessary to live. The developme nt of thermo-nuclear weapons by potential enemies make it mandatory that we reevaluate, restudy, and revise our entire civil defense structure.
The Congress of the United States, the Legislatures of the various States, and our cities must give top priority to civil defense, if we are to be spared utter destruction.
T he Congress and the Military Experts emphasize the super-structure of our security and neglect its very foundation -the individual citize n.
America can create the greatest of

military machines; develop the ulti-

mate in defense production; stop in-

flation and win every round of the

diplomatic game and still lose the

next war-unless the very heart of

the entire effort gets behind it.

I am talking about an informed and

organized, trained and protected pub-

lic in every hamlet, town and city in

the country. A public that knows

what we are up against in an atomic

war-what can happen and why-what

to do if it does happen-what is at

stake and why it must stand fast and

fight, with the fury that only an

America is capable of-a public

which has been told and knows in

its heart that it is the really impor-

tant part of our whole national de-

fense effort. I am delighted that

President Eisenhower is revamping

the government's policy on secret

data so that the individual can be

better informed.

The informed members of Congress

should know that we cannot win a

war without the public, without the

whole-hearted support of the individ-

ual citizen. The military strategists

know it, the production experts know

it-everybody knows it but the public,

and apparently most of the Con-

gress. Every Congressman and every

Senator has the opportunity to obtain

tienfonrruamtl_aoutniaoa1

so1.nutahtew.

nNbatyi

onal our

ma1n.1d1. talnry-

e pe1ts :i f 'Wasliin~'6n. But, evident-

! they arei dot'l hkiJg advantage of

these briefings or they would not act

as they do about civil defense. The

citizens of America must demand

that their Congressmen and their

Senators learn more about the Na-

tional and International situation as

it really exists-more about the potentialities of the nuclear and thermo~nu clear devices-and particularly, about civil defense.
Until this is done and until the people are certain that everything possible is being done to protect them and their families against catastrophe on the home front through an adequate civil defense program, this country will be ripe to lose the next war if the enemy starts it.
Quite obviously the Congress has failed to recognize or admit what the home front and public would be up against in another war. This is not an easy fact to face but one which should have been recognized many, many months ago.
There is no better evidence of the soundness of civil defens e than the money and efforts expended on it by the States and Cities, the Press, and the people during the past three years. Yet the Congress ignored those appropriations and efforts, and broke faith with the States and Cities and the more than three million civil defense volunteers who have sacrificed a great deal to take part in active civil defense work.
The Congress has been told repeatedly that this country is in grave danger right now and has bee n for a long time. That danger of war and attack on our cities will become more acute as the weeks go by. They must realize that civil defense is not something they can "fiddle and fumble" with over the next few years. It is a job that must be done right now. We have been buying precious time in Korea and by our strong
Continued on Page 4

THE ALERT-----------------------------..,..---------~~-

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director
HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
JACK GRANTHAM ATTENDS FIRST OPERATIONS COURSE
Jack Grantham, State Communications Coordinator, is a graduate of the first Federal Civil Defense Operation Training Course completed in Olney, Maryland, February 19. l\1r. Grantham pointed out that this course is helpful in acquainting the Civil Defense Director and his staff with the magnitude of problems confronting a city in its defense planning. He further says, that it will be helpful in causing the students to recognize the problems and breaking them down into manageable parts. The course also is designed to familiarize the students with the types of support resources available to a city Director and means of obtaining them, and the importance of the development of an advance plan for ope rational purposes.
It is definitely proven in this course that every city and the State should have many map solution exercises before they attempt to hold a field exercise. We intend to encourage and help with this type training as much as possible.

VANDIVER PEPS UP CD IN S~ W. GEORGIA
Gen_eral Ernest Vandiver visited Southwestern Georgia recently and was accorded a fine reception at all.. points .Addresses were made before civic groups and officials enroute in six cities: Hawkinsville, Fitzgerald, Tifton, Valdosta, Quitman and Albany, with roadside conferences in several towns intervening. Broad. casts were made of the talks with the view of reaching as many people as possible, and enabling many for the first time to lear~ of the CD program.
The State Director of Civil Defense is spending some time in the field assisting the Area men in spotlighting the matter of Defense of all communities and has stirred our people to a renewed effort and better understanding of the aims and need for the CD program.
The support now coming from Women's Clubs, PTA Organizations, Home Demonstration Groups, Boy Scouts and many other organizations is reassuring to everyone. It is manifest that we must have an arousing of all persons in leadership positions if we are to do the job.
The turnover in Directors is a source of constant worry to the officials due to lack of concern from the city authorities. It is quite apparent that if the Mayors are sold on Civil Defense and manifest the proper interest, the Directors stay put and attempt to carry on the job assigned. The apathy of the American people continues to be a stumbling block in the path of success of the CD Program.
AIR DEFENSE FACTS
Major Thomas W. Turbiville
The Russians are continuing the expans ion of their long range air arm, in both numbers and quality of planes. The latest additions to their already huge fleet is, (1) the Tupolev 200, with six turbo-prop engines, a wing span of 236 feet (6 feet more than our B-36), a maximum speed of 465 miles per hour and a range of 4,800 miles; (2) the llyushkin 38,

EASTERN STAR CHAPTERS ACTIVE IN Cl'iiL DEFENSE
Mrs. Ethel Moncrief of Columbus, G~~nd Worthy Matron of the Grand Chapter of Georgia Order of the Eastern Star says that participation in civil defense activities is one of the most important duties of her members as citizens. She has appointed Mrs. Gene Berkey Goslee of Atlanta to serve as State Civil Defense chairman and has requested each worthy matron to appoint a chairman for her chapter;
Mrs. Goslee, Mrs. Agnes Martin, Warner Robins, and Mrs. Vondell Carson, Augusta who make up the State Committee, have developed a seven step procedure of work and report form which, along with a Civil Defense kit, has been sent to the chairman of each chapter.
When reports are made at Grand Chapter in June they will reveal that this organization has made a very worthwhile contribution not only to its own members b.ut to the community, State and Nati{)n as well.
Mrs. Moncrief and Mrs. Eva Richardson, immediate past Grand Worthy Matron represent Grand Chapter of Georgia O.E.S. on the State Women's Advisory Committee for Civil Defense. This experience with a civil defense prowam in the Eastern Star will be of great value in planning with Director Vandiver for effective work all over the State.
with four jet engines, a length of 132 feet, a wing span of 168 feet, a ceiling of 50,000 feet, a maximum speed of 480 miles per hour and a range of 3,000 miles.
More than 400 of these air craft are reported to be in the northern provinces of the U.S.S.R. Their combined range puts us in a vulnerable spot on the Russian tactical map. With departure points from Russian airfields on the Chukotski Peninsula in Siberia and around the city of Murmansk, they could range from the northern states as far south
as Atlanta! Let the skeptics and the repeaters
of pious platitudes think this one over.

2

MARCH, 1954

I

:
- RESC UE TRUCKS TO BE
MANUFACTURED LOCALLY

THE ALERT

The State Civil Defense Division

has undertaken the task of making

local procurement of rescue vehicles

unde r the Federal Matching Funds

Program.

Bids were received by the State

Civil Defense Engineer for the purcha s e of chassis, ,ho1d:f ana tools,

the latter part of F lihruary, and' pur-

chase orders are pre s'e'ntly'in p rocess

for vehicles alreally approved.

T he price of the locally procured

ve hi cles complete and F.O.B. At-

lanta is less than $8,400 as compared to the federal procurement

price of approximately $9,050 deliv-

ered to Georgia. Thus the net saving

to the taxpayers is approximately

$650.00 per unit plus the fact that a

much more rapid delivery can he ef-

fec ted.



An arrangement has been worked

out with the State Purchasing De-

partment whereby the State can make

the purc hases for any interested

Ge orgia community, providing the

community will deposit with the

State Treasurer funds to cover the

city 'g; share of the cost.

T he initial order placed by the

Sta te will be for six units which are

des tined for each of the five Highway

Department District Offices and one

to he stationed at Civil Defense

He adquarters. In addition, the City of Savannah is negotiating with the

State CD Division to place their or-

der for a rescue vehicle locally. Al-

so, the prospec ts are bright for an

early order from the City of Dalton.

DUCK OR SCRAM?
In the face of the likelihood that we ma y have a bit more warning of an air attack than we first counte d upon, those responsible for the the plans in Civil Defense have be gun to think maybe we ought to cha nge our actions from "duck and cover" to "grab a bite and scram."
A meetin g was called for state dire ctors in this region to meet at Jacksonville on l\llarch 4 to talk this th ing over, and the results of the de liberations will he made known at the meeting of The Association of

lv. ARCH, 1954

~

Ready;Willing and PBrfectly Able!

AIR BASE TO MAJOR U. S. CITIES

NEW YORK

Nou 1 . . .16 SEATTLE ......... . .. 9

WASHINGTON, D.C.. 16 CHICAGO .. .. .... . . .U DETROIT ..... . ......U

PORTLAND.... ., ... : 9 SAN FRANCISCO .... 11 LOS ANGELES . . . ... 12

MINNEAPOLIS ...... 13 SPOKANE

.. 9

THUII Alii: MAXIMUM FLYING nMIIS
1

Red planes o re now capable of bombing'a9 U. S. cities in a single day!

THAT'S NO IDLE THREAT! Our governmen t has

warned that about 1000 SoViet bombers stand ready

to strike the United States at a moment's notice. And

strike -they can, should the "Cold War" turn " Hot."

' No city, town or farm is'safe from the Red raiders; no

man, WOIJ\811 or child free from the threat of falling

bombs. If not detected, Russian bombers could raise

liavoc in the United States.

'

THEY CAN BE SPOnED! Sometimes the R~ leaders talk sweet-sometimes tough. But so long ios "the Iron Curtain still erista, the inrer,;ational situa tion could turn dangerous overnight. Our Air Force and ,Anny Anti-Aircraft personnel are on 24 hours alert,

ready to challe~ge any unknown aircraft in the sky. They are doing a wonderful job and growing stronger. But they need your help! .Our radar is effective only againat high flying aircraft. Should enemy bombers come in low, they could reach their target without being detected by radar.
YOU CAN HELP! Your eyes and ears are needed to report low flying enemy planes. They must be detected to be stopped. You can do that job in the Ground Observer Corps. Join the more than 250,000 civilian voluntaer plane spotters who are now serving 2 hours a week. Two hours a week is little enough time to spend to earn your right to stay, free. Don't wait till it's too late! Show that you're ready, willing and perfectly able to serve your country in time of need. J?in the GroUild -.Observer Corps today!

Keep your eye on the sky in the

GROUND OBSERVER CORPS

State Civil De fe nse Directors which w.i'll he held in Washi ngton be ginning March 22.
The recent new concept of the CD a uth'orities regardi ng the question' of evacuation preparations and dispersal lias had considera ble publicity: from several CD direct ors and is being given s erious thought. In New York State the Commission has requested all target city CD directors to consider th e feas ibility of evacuation of the public prior to an impending enemy attack, a nd to report their decis ion to the Commission prior to an inte nsive stud y of ways and means to accomplish this
evacuation. Emphasis is placed, however, on the fact that there is

yet no assuranc e tha t a ny extended warning time is available or when it might become a vailable, a nd the present pol icy for the public to take immediate shelter on the alert will prevail. It should he noted that FCDA, like the .Y. Sta te CD Commission, leaves the de c is ion whether or not to a tte mpt public evacuation to the individual CD director of the city involved.
In Louisiana, Ma yor Clyde Flint of Shreveport, addre s sing CD leaders from several par is hes a nd newsmen s uggested camps be s e t up in the neighborhood of Shre veport and other cities for the urban population to go to in time of disaster. (Thanks to the " Milwaukee Memo")
3

THE ALERT----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

NATIONAL GUARD QUESTION
A lot of words are being written and said right now over the role the National Guard is to play in the next conflict. A recent statement by one of President Eisenhower's
henchmen, Dr. John A. Hanna, Asst.
Secty. of Defense for Manpower, gave the National Guard Army units the job of manning anti-aircraft guns and helping Civil Defense keep traffic straight on the highways and do patrol duty.
The National Guard Association is very much opposed to this idea and they want to be right in there fighting with the Army, Navy and Air Force when the chips are down.
We don't know just what we will need until the time comes. The chances are that if a sudden attack should come on a large scale, the Regular Army, National Guard, and everybody else available will be in there working with Civil Defense until the debris is cleared away.
STATE WARDENS PICKED

NEW DIRECTORS MADE SINCE LAST AUGUST
The following Civil Defense Directors have been appointed by Governor Herman Talmadge since August 1953. Most of them were former Deputy Directors or otherwise active in the Civil Defense organization:: Mr. Gere Field, Monroe Mr. Joe Cannon, Jr., Dawson Mrs. Marion Sims, Dalton
!Vr. George M. McDowell, Athens
Mr. Frank Hughes, Adel Mr. R. J. Atkinson, Greenville Mr. W. C. Hemperley, Madison Mr. James H. Scarborough, Rome Mr. George Reynolds, Soperton Mr. R. K. Burnett, Royston Mr. J. L. Castleberry, Lumpkin Mr. Joseph C. Haire, Cedartown Mr. J. C. Jones, Gainesville Mr. George Lloyd, Nahunta Mr. W. K. Meeks, Douglas Mr. M. A. Reid, Zebulon
PUBLIC TO SOON SEE PICTURES OF H BOMB

THE DIRECTOR SAYS . . .
Continued from Page 1
stand against aggression elsewhere in the world. However, we have been wasting that time far more rapidly than we have been using it The people of this country havt been encouraged to ignore the danger that gets blacker by the hour. Because of its recognized leade mhip as a part of the Federal Government, the Congress is looked to by the people to give them positive guidance on what they must do to protect themselves and their homes. Civil defense nationally and locally can never be more than Congress permits it to be by its action and its attitudes.
The time to act is now. We cannot vacillate; we cannot hesitate; we cannot turn back. Our defenses must be elastic; yet they must be complete, if we expect to retain ourway of life.
My earnest prayer is that every
American citizen will do his utmost; we cannot afford to have too little too late.

State Director Ernest Vandiver has made Chief Warden appointments to the state buildings around Capitol Square. Mr. F. E. Robinson will handle the capitol building itself, Labor Commissioner Ben T. Huiet am his staff will handle the State Office Building, and Roy Boston of the Health Services will take care of the buildings on the north side of the square. They will select floor wardens and other assistants as needed.
Until the new building is finished there will be very little first class space available there.

The North American Newspaper Alliance in a Feb. 9 report says the American people soon will be given a startling look at the power of the hydrogen bomb, through the medium of a hitherto-secret motion picture that will be shown on all television networks and offered to all movie houses.
The decision to show the film to the public represents a step in the piecemeal program of atomic education which is all that is left of the White House's "Operation Candor," widely heralded last fall. The film, showing test operations at Eniwetok,

was first shown to a select group of officials at the White House. Later, it was shown to Congressmen. The decision to unveil the film comes as a major change in civil defense policy and is being l\Urked out as one intended to be handled carefully to avoid public alarm. It is a program to prepare cities to evacuate their inhabitants when they receive an air raid warning.
The effectiveness of the evacuation program is hinged to improvements in the radar system and the interception of enemy planes and missiles.

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THE GEORGIA

Vol. 4, No.

Defense Division, Ernest Vandiver. State Director
Atlanta, Go.

April, 1954

Ernest Vandiver
THE DIRECTOR SAYS ...
Since April is the worst month in the year for tornadoes to occur in Ge orgia, I am devoting my column to a fe w tornado safety rules.
T o know what to do when a warning is received, or a tornado is observed, may mean the difference be tween life and death .
T here is no universal protection aga inst tornadoes except caves or underground excavations . When time permits, go to a tornado cellar, cave, or underground excavation which should have an air outlet to help equalize the air pressure. It should be kept fit for use, free from water, gas , or debris; and preferably equippe d with pick and shovel.
If you are in open country, move at right angles to the tornado's path. T or nadoes usually move ahead at about 25 to 40 miles per hour. If the re is no time to escape, lie flat
Continued on Poge 4

NATIONAL CONFEREN.CE
FOR CD WOMEN WORKERS
The New Look in civil defense was the theme of the Wome n's Conference held at Federal Civil Defense Administration Headquarters, Washington, D.C. The conference was attended by more t}lan fifty (50) re gional and state directors of Women's civil defense activities from all parts of the United States with Irs. John G. Lewis of our Staff representing Georgia.
"The sacred role of women on the earth is to give and save life," Mrs. Katherine G. Howard, Deputy Administrator, FCDA told the conference in her keynote address . "That, too, is the assigned role of civil defense in this age of peril, and I urge upon all of you that you continue to hold high the lamp of your special wisdom and knowledge in civil defense. That, I think will be the true 'New Look' in civil defense for 1954."
Representatives of the various states reported on their activities and exchanged information and ideas for promoting civil defense. Recommendations were submitted urg ing that the "Home Protection Exercises," be stressed as "The lleart and Core of Civil iJefense." It was also reconnnended that increased attention be devoted to civil defense in rural areas and that greater emphasis be placed on the part of civil defense in natural disasters.
Georgia Civil Defense Director Ernest Vandiver, President of the
ational Association of State Civil Defense Directors and Federal Civil

WELCOME WAGONS AID IN CIVIL DEFENSE
Miss AI ice Griffity one of the officials of the "Welcome Wagon" has written to President Eisenhower offering the services of the Welcome Wagons all over the country to Civil Defense in their communities. They have more than 4,000 hostesses in 1200 cities whose job it is to meet newcomers in the communities a nd acquaint them with the facilities available there and leave them samples of various products that are made in that city.
These people would be very he lpful to local Civil Defense Directors because they have a great deal of information about the new arrivals that might not be on file after the regular survey.
Since the names of the cities involved are not available every city CD director is hereby notified of this offer, and he is asked to ge t in touch with the Welcome Wagon of his city in order to enlist its help.
Defense Administrator Val Peterson also addressed the conference .
The women attended a session of the ational Association of State Civil Defense Directors at which Lady Reading, founder of the Women's Voluntary Services of Great Britian and head of the British Civil Defense Welfare Section, was the principal speaker. She declared that Civil Defense must continue as long as the threat of aerial warfare exists.

THE ALERT----------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthiy by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S. E.
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Ofllcer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
J JACK L. GRA:-.ITHAM
Communications Officer
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director
HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
NATIONAL CD CPX
On June 14 and 15 there will be held a national Civil Defense Command Post Exercise which will involve every state in the union. There will be a simulated bomb attack on most of the large cities, and Atlanta, Georgia will have several A Bombs fall on it just for practice. Chattanooga and Birmingham are
other nearby cities that w at be hit
by simulated bombs. News of this attack will be sent
out over the warning nets, and each city will be told just what happened to it. The next thing will be for the CD Director to decide what he will do, and send reports of it in to FCDA later through channels.
The State CD office will be on the alert, and every city in Georgia should be ready to respond to its maximum when called upon for help. Of course the help will not actually be sent forward, but a report must be made as to just how much help can be expected, and when and how it will arrive.
More about this in the next issue of "The Georgia Alert."

GEORGIA POLICE SCHOOL
Police officers from all over Georgia attended a Police Institute at the University of Georgia, Atlanta Division, on lVlarch 30-31, to learn their duties in case of a major disaster. There were 110 registered, and they listened to nationally known police officers and University professors tell the inside story about such things as panic psychology, martial law, traffic handling, treatment of unexploded bombs, the F.B.I., and identification.
Er~est Vandiver, CD Director of Georgia welcomed the group on the first day and told of atomic explosions he had witnessed himse-lf. A.E. Kimberling, Chief of the FCDA Police Services, and his assistant, J. Russell Prior were assisted in the instructio~ by Onzi Cornwall of the University of Kentucky, Hamilton Stephens, Asst. Attorney General, Prof. M. Curtis Langhorne of Emory
University, H. 0. Hawkins of the
F.B.I., Edgar James of the FCDA, and Col. J. L. tvlassey, Chief of Ordnance for the Third Army.
MATCHING FUND
DEADLINE EXTENDED
Word has just been received from FCDA that the deadline for receiving applications for federal matching funds under the 1954 fiscal year contributions program has been extended one month. All applications must be in the hands of the Regional FCDA office on or before the 30th of April instead of the 31st of March as previously announced.
Therefore, in order that the State Civil Defense Office may have time to process the applications, it is requested that city officials have their signed applications in the State Civil Defense Office no later than the 23rd of April.
At the present writing Georgia will, in all likelihood be eligible for reallocation of funds after the deadline, due to the fact that all of our target cities have either installed or applied for funds for warning systems. This means that a certain

USE Of FEDERAL AGENCIES
IS STUDJED IN FLORIDA
A conference between the heads of Federal Agencies and the Civil Defense Directors of the principle cities was held in Jacksonville on March 5, 1954 so that each would know what to expect of the other in case disaster struck.
Each agency was asked to designate someone within its organization to coordinate plans with the Civil Defense 'authorities, and the person so designated is now known to State Director R. G. Howie's office: Now if trouble comes Col. Howie will not have to spend a lot of time contacting various pe ople before getting hold of someone who can give him some action. Each agency was also asked just what it could do in case of an emergency without wrecking its own organization and failing in the purpose for which it was set up.
There were 98 conferees present, and 90% of the agencies invited attended. It developed that some of the agencies had no idea that they had responsibilities in case of either natural or enemy caused disasters under Public Law 875. The session was very beneficial to all. Another will be held in Columbia, S.C. on May 5 so that Federal Agencies located in South Carolina will know their duties in case of emergency.
ANOTHER ''ALERT''
The Wm. Schaeffer Post No . 44 of the American Legion, Department of Illinois has organized a rescue squad as requested by the National Commander, and they have named it ''The Alert Group," the initial letters of American Legion Emergency Rescue Team.
amount of money will be available for matching funds projects at the close of the fiscal year, but the amount and limitations are unknown. Therefore, to insure approval of projects it is highly recommended that every effort be made to submit applications before the 23rd of April.

2

A pri I I 95 4

------------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT
AIR DEFENSE FACTS
By Major Thomas W. Turbiville The following is reprinted from' the March 1954 issue of ''The Aircraft F lash'' magazine, published by the Air Defense Command. We believe it will be of interest to all Georgia inactive reservists.

"AIR RESERVISTS TO SERVE IN GOC PROGRAM
A new source of military manpower to aid in the training and organization of the Ground Observer Corps is opened under a new Air Defense Command regulation. The directive numbered 45-1 and relating to Reserve Forces, permits inactive air re serv e officers to engage in GOG activities as .a means of earning retirement points.
The inactive reservists referred to in this regulation are persons with military backgrounds now living as civilians. These people belong to what are known as Voluntary Air Reserve Training Units (VART U). By working on a part-time bas is with active GOG squadrons and filter center detachments, they will be helping the GOC mission and their own careers.
An additional feature of ADCR 45- 1 is the opening up of over 500 positions in the GOG program for what are known as Mobilization Designees. This means that, should M Day (the day we mobilize for war) come, the inactive reservists so designated will automatically be shifted to active duty and fill the positions they have been working in under their inactive reserve status.
Prior to the issuance of ADCR 45-1 on January 18, 1954, inactive re servist activities were largely, if not exclusively, confined to merely attending lectures, seminars , revie wing indoctrination and tra.ining fil ms and other static types of military functions to earn retirement points.
All inactive reservists coming into GO C will be hand picked for suitability. After primary indoctrination courses, they will work as assistants in training and organization. Th ese reservists will actively engage on a non-paid status in filter

THE DALTON AMERICAN LEGION POST, first in the State to aid in procurement of Rescue Unit. Post Commdr. J. L. Millsap, center and Mayor Walton Balling, right accept agreement for purchase of Unit from Jerry Cauble, Chairman of Georgia Dept.
American Legion.

WHAT'S NEW IN NORTH GEORGJA CIVIL DEFENSE
By ] erry Cauble
Among those who have joined our Civil Defense program for the first time as City Directors are : Mrs. "Queenie" Sims of Dalton, Mr. Jimmie Jones of Gainesville, Mr. Jere Field of Monroe, 1\ok-. Jim Scarbrough of Rome, M-. Hempley of Madison, and Mr. G. L. McDowell of Athens. To all of these I wish to express my appreciation for the splendid cooperation I have received from their organizations.
The following cities and their Civil Defense staffs are to be commended for developing one of the most important phases of Civil Defense and that is First Aid Training and Home Nursing. Dalton and Toccoa are establishing instructor courses in First Aid and Home Nursing. They are among the first in my area. Gainesville, Clayton, Elberton, Hartwell, Trion and Bremen are presenting first aid courses to their various community groups.
We all know that women control the majority of the wealth in our country and do most of the community jobs. They also will do about 75% of all the CD jobs, directly or indirectly. One such local director is M-s. "Queenie" Sims of Dalton who merits a grateful word of thanks for a difficult job well done. This director inherited one of the most complicated situations to be
ironed out and organized, and Mrs. Sims, who is one of the newest directors,
has in only a few months brought her organization up to date with several outstanding developments. As part of the American Legion's National Security Program, State and local Legion Posts have been given the responsibility of developing Rescue Units and teams. The Dalton Post 112 has been the first post in the state to procure a Rescue Unit and furnish the manpower to operate it. Mrs. Sims has also recruited the largest potential First Aid Instructors group in the state. Through her guidance the city will participate in practically every phase of the Federal Matching Funds. Her GOC Post was among the first in the state to be recruited and trained.

center training and in field trips to the posts."

Civil Defense is common sense. Use your head, don't lose it.

Ap ril 19 54

3

THE ALERT--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

AIR RAID SIREN AVAILABLE FOR TESTING
The State Civil Defense Division has worked out a propos ition with with the Federal Enterprises Corporation whereby that organization is loaning the State Civil Defense Division a large gasoline driven siren for the purpose of conducting audibility tests in the various Ge orgia communities who are interested in procuring air raid warning devices.
The tentative plan is to install the siren on a flat bed truck and then schedule tests in the various cities at several locations within the city at the request of the local Civil Defense Director, and in accordance with his plans.
Federal Enterprises Corporation states that the siren will be delivered to the State Civil Defense Divis ion within thirty days. Therefore, it is anticipated that the State Civil Defense Office will be in a position to start scheduling tests about the second week in May.
DAL TONIANS IN OLNEY
Two of the Dalton Civil Defense force recently enrolled in the Olney Staff College for courses. Mrs. l'vlarion S. Sims, the new director took the Administration Course in the class starting March 29, and Luther J. Broome was enrolled in the Civil Defense Rescue Course starting April 5.
More of the CD directors of Georgia should take advantage of these courses. There is no cost attached except the transportation and board and room while at the college. For more information write the State Director's office.

TORNADO HITS GEORGIA
IN THE MIDDLE AGAIN
On Saturday night, March 13th, another tornado hit Georgia right in the middle, and this time it claimed eight lives, injured more than 70, and tore up about S23 million worth of property. Columbus was hit again, but most of the severe damage was inside the limits of Fort Benning this time where two were killed. Eight large "flying box cars" on Lawson Field were tossed around and either destroyed or severely damaged.
The wind hit again just west of Macon where it came to earth a couple of times, then it skipped over the center of the city and came down again on the east side. More than 500 homes were damaged in this area.
Regional Administrator of the FCDA, Colonel Harry Brown hurried to Macon when the tornado was reported, and as soon as Governor Talmadge had requested President Eisenhower to declare this a major disaster for purpose of Public Law 875, he was ready with a report.
Just how much help will be forthcoming from the FCDA will not be determined for some time. Payment to Muscogee County departments_for damage done b:y the tornado of April, 1953, are just being received this month.
RADIOACTIVITY SCHOOL TO BE HERE IN JUNE
There will be a two day regional Radiological Conference held at Georgia Tech sometime in June for the benefit of all Health Services m the southeastern states. The

THE DIRECTOR SAYS .
Continued from Poge 1
in the nearest depression such as a ditch or ra vine.
H you are in a city or town, seek inside shelter, preferably a s teel reinforced building. STAY AWAY FROM WINDOWS! In homes the southwest corner of the lowest floor or in the basement offers greatest safety. People living in brick or stone houses should seek other shelter, preferably in a storm ce liar or the basement of a frame house. H time permits, electricity and fuel lines should be shut off. Windows on the north a nd east sides of the house may also be opened to help reduce damage to the building. Standing against the inside walls on the lower floors of an office building offers some protection.
In schools in city areas, especially if school building is of good stee l reinforced construction, stay inside, away from windows, and remain near an ins ide wall on the lower floors when possible . Avoid auditoriums and gymnasiums with large, poorlysupported roofs. H in rural sc hools that do not have reinforced construction, remove children and teachers to a ravine or ditch if storm shelter is not available.
I pray God that we are not hit with any tornadoes this year, but by learning these simple rules, you enhance the chances of surviving in the event of a storm.
FCDA is putting this program on, and it will be a long the sa me lines as the one held by the Georgia State CD Division in 1950. The date has not been se t defin itely, but will be published in the next edition of "The Georgia Alert."

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THE GEORGIA

20 1954

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Ernest Vandiver. State Director

Vol. 4, No. 5

Atlanta, Ga.

May, 1954 I

REDS SHOOT ANOTHER H BOMB D.ISASTER NET OPERATORS

j:

MEET

"The Periscope" in Newsweek

reports: "It hasn't been announced

Thirty-two radio officers and oper-

but Japanese scientists have stum ators from the Georgia State Radio

bled upon evidence that the Russians exploded a nuclear device about

Civil Defense Disaster Net Stations met in Atlanta at the State Civil

March 12, which was shortly after Defense Control Center on 4 April

the U.S. H-bomb test that dusted the Japanese fishermen. Chemical stud-

for the first Civil Defense Radio Operators Workshop to be held in

Ernest Vandiver

ies of the RADIOACTIVE ash found in the Aichi Prefecture showed that it was basically granite. The Bikini ash from the U.S. explosion was coral rock."

Georgia. 'fhe officers and operators were
welcomed by Jack L. Grantham, State Coriununications Coordinator and later he led a discussion on the

THE DIRECTOR SAYS ...

LOOK OUT FOR BOMBS!
All law enforcement agencies have been furnished with a des

need for Civil Defense and Common ications in disaster.
The meeting was then divided into two groups. The operators who are mainly composed of volunteers from

I believe that the recent showing cription of two types of atomic the Pilot Clubs of Georgia were led

on television of the H-Bomb explo- bombs that may be smuggled into in their session by Mrs. Nell Frazer

s ion in the Pacific has done more to this country and placed in places of Col.umbus, Miss Louise Owens of

crystalize our thinking and galvanize where they could be discharged by LaGrange, and Miss Laurice Maloof

us into constructive action than any radio from a safe distance.

of Atlanta.

other single happening of our times.

One type would take an iron pipe

Mrs. John G. Lewis, State Coor

The scientists have shown us- about 30 inches long and five to ten dinator of Women's Activities, led a

once and for all-that we can no inches in diameter. Two chunks of discussion of the home and office

longer escape the ugly implications uranium or plutonium, both of which program.

of the air-atomic age. Now we real- are one and one half times as heavy

The Radio Officers went into the

ize, I think, that personal peril to as lead, would be driven together technical phases of radio operation

ourselves and our families is as _real by an explosive charge to set off and were led by M-. R. E. Hawkins,

and as immediate as the nearest the atomic explosion. The other Assistant Police Chief and Deputy

target area.

type would be at least half spherical Director of Civil Defense of La-

The Bible tells us, in reference in shape, with the uranium being Grange.

to the citadels of the spirit, that "a driven toward the center of the

Everyone had a very good time

city on a hill cannot be hid." We sphere by explosive charges on the with box lunches being served on

know that this is also true of our surface. A chunk of uranium the size grounds.

great urban centers of today. We of an indoor baseball would weigh

know that there is no place to hide about fifty pounds.

H we never need what we learn in

from this new danger-no place

Report any such objects to the Civil Defense we lose nothing.

where we cannot be reached directly police or the F.B.I., don't handle

If we never learn what we need,

Continued on Poge 4

the matter yourself.

we lose everything.

TilE A L E R T - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - -

~E1 GEORGIA ALERT
I ;ublished monthly by the
DEPARTME NT OF DEFE SE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISIOr~ 959 E. Confederate Ave., S. E.
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer
MRS. JOH N G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
J JACK L. GRANTHAM
Communications Officer
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
HA RRY l.J. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director
HOYLE R. YA i~D LE
___Southeastern Area Director
.._

RESCUE SCHOOL IN JUNE
There will be a Regional llescue Institute held at Nashville, Tenn., on June 3 and 4, 1954 for the benefit of all seven of the southeastern states.
Items on the program are:
Aims and objectives of the Rescue Program.
Rescue training. Rescue tools and equipment. (Contribution program). Rescue operations in natural disasters. Demonstration of rescue vehicle. Rescue planning and research. Rescue in industry.
People from Georgia cities desiring to attend should write to Georgia office of Civil Defense, 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E. There is no charge except for meals and lodging.

CIVIL DEFENSE OFFICE LEAVING WASHINGTON
"The Federal Diary" reports that the Federal Civil Defense office is moving out of Washington. This has been planned for months, and 500 err.ployees will be given ''moving plans" in the near futur e. The age ncy will continue to operate a small office there with 50 to 75 employees.
The FCDA office of Region III which was forme rly at Buckhead near Atlanta has been moved to Thomasville in keeping with the plans to keep the centers of control away from critical target cities.
Instead of taking a hint from the people who ought to know, some of the big industries continue to expand their enormous plants within great centers of population. They will know better five minutes after the first bomb drops.

ADVENTISTS PREPARE
At a meeting of Seventh Day Adventist CD leaders in Washington recently it was decided to adopt a platform which calls for the training of every church member in first aid and casualty care . Governor Peterson praised the denomination's efforts in maintaining disaster relief cente rs and the stockpiling of CD supplies.
A Lincoln, Nebraska, "Journal" editorial applauds the Seventh Day Adventists for adopting their CD first aid and disaster relief training, and says, "The historic role of the organization in time o.f war will be extended to include every member when or if another national emergency arises. This large body of citizens whose philosophy forbids them to bear arms has been zealous in cultivating other valuable functions, notably first aid."

Just before his death General Van-
denberg said that even with NIKE
and other guided missiles five or six enemy planes out of ten could penetrate our air defenses.

In TEXAS a disaster plan for
hotels is being distributed by the
hotel associ.a.t.i.o..n............... Following an enemy attack there will be two kinds of people. Those
who NEE[) belp and those who CA N
help.

WOMEN AWARDED CD HONORS
The Jonesboro Senior Woman's Club, Mrs. N. J. Denton, President and the Marietta Junior Woman's Club, l\tlrs. W. Wyman Pilcher, President were presented Certificates of Achievement at the Georgia Federation of Women's Clubs' Convention in Albany in recognition of the outstanding record made in carrying out the State Federation three point plan in Civil Defense, namely in Self-protection, Home-protection and Community-Protection.
Certificates were also presented to the club in each district reporting the most outstanding work: SecondTifton Junior Woman's Club, Mrs . Elston L. Johnson, Civil Defense Chairman; Fourth-Jonesboro Wom an's Club, Mrs. John A. Suder, Chair man; Fifth-Sandy Springs Woman's Club, Mrs. F. James Prinz, Chairman; Sixth-Wadley Woman's Club, Miss Sophie Johnson, Chairman; SeventhMarietta Junior Woman's Club, Mrs. Fred Kelley, Chairman; EighthWaycross Junior Woman's Club, Mrs. J. E. Luckie, Chairman; Ninth-Cornelia Woman 's Club, Mrs. Delbert Smith, Chairman; and Tenth-Comer Woman's Club, Mrs. H. J. Whiteheod, Chairman.
The Georgia Federation is to be congratulated upon the record mad~ during this two year administration in the Civil Defense progrom which was a majorproject All departments, divisions, and committees have cooperated in carrying out the objec tive of every member and family trained. to t~~e care of themselves in case of disaster.
Mrs. Henry Moore of Dahlonega, the new president, pl!.ldge!> ~upport of the Civil Defense progr~m during her administration.
Atrophine, the antidote for the new nerve-gas, can now be made artificially from ~trolllum, ilDd
enough has already been m!l<le fgr
400 mill ion persons it was dis(l}g@d by Winthrop-Stearns, Inc. of New York City. Previously this was made only from plants grown mostly in iron curta in countries.

2

MAY 1954

I

CIVIL DEFENSE PROGRESS IN GRIFFIN
By Gerald Cauble

One of the ma jor pro blems confro nting a ny C_D .Director's progress is time. The time necessary for plan-
ning an d _coordinating is often a big
problem in any community, Among
the directors of the orth Georgitt
are a who have done outstanding work along this line is l'vh . Sue Byars of Griffi n. he has had the ~>p lcmd id co~ operation of her staff llnd ll880ciate
an d most of all the bllcking of the city official 'l'hili 0 Diroetor had
a unique approach In oducating her
city fathers to the need for CD in atomic and natural disasters . She
believed that the concepts of Civil
Defe nse should become a part of all the city's educational and civ\c. Bftl~
grams . Acting on this g Hd~ h~ pe rsis te ptly stimulated all l ill
groups to work toward imprqy i!l tp~ community preparednes!'! fqr- ~ny emergency.
One of thf! ffi!!HY t!lflk whieh ft@
performed supe rbly W~l'l ~h~ developme qt of th~ Emergency First Aid
PrP~mm hj im~oft!mt omm\!I!il prqJes~ was p l!:f ~ i ]t:n ill flfi~f
t4!:l fi~P~iH~ fJIJ ~hm: tiy 9 ggng, Gr iffin h s q ~ bl~ B dt:V@lt:\J'l eae
of the largest programs of this type in th{l tat~ :
The First J\ iq J3gxes s ~ wn BI:W~
are th: r~ql~ of l'l1!l~t fl! ilf'
pl a nning ~:~ml s ~ lll!!Hng ef F ir-st Aid materials which were purchased
t hrough federal matching funds and l ocal funds. The local Elk's !...,~~ge No. 1207 c ?ntri~~~~~~a gift -;f Sl,OOO
to he mai:ched in this purchase. Or. J~c~ AYtin !lnd Dr. Virgil Williams tQg@~h~l' w"tb Mr, Homer Grissom, in flH9!9~~b .t\l}q , .w_orking wit~ Civil
D f~q~ C !~Y officials, compiled a l" ~ of materials which would be
needed in the event of any form )f
e mergency. The ten wooden con-
tainers were donated by the Cherokee
Cas ket Company and were processed
by the city Maintenance Staff. They
will he strategically located through-
out the city so as to give adequate
coverage regardless of what area might he stricken.
Griffin as a city bas participated

THESE; A.R SOME of the prime movers in securing the community first aid chests for
th @ el.ty of Griffin: (Left to right) Elmer George, City Manager, Mrs. Cheste r A. By ars, CD Dtrector, Gerold Cauble, Area Director, Dr. Jock Austin, Dr. 'irgil Williams, CD
Medical Servi ~;l!s 1 H.omer Grissom, representative of the B. P . O. E. who sponsored the f!rej!!et

ll':vtlry ar s ince 1949 the Ameritlt\ll Tllxi b Association has renew-
uti till resolution offering the services
of its members to civil defense. There are 70,000 r{ldio equipped cabs
n th~ Hi!thm today. They operate @\!t f 8500 company offices. A letl~r just received from the associa-
tion reminds CD officials to make sure their basic plans in lude the
use of t i{<i!O fleotl!l and suggests thl tfllthHlb ompanies be informed gf thl\! part they will play during the
emergenc y.
m 1!1.1. p'hases of matching funds for Civil Defense, such as the purchase of a 750 gallon firetruck and tl l6mm. sound projectorfor training purposes, a complete communications system, and medical supplies. This was possible, primarily, because of the splendid cooperation of Mr. Elmer George, the very capable city mana ger. During my many months of meeting with city officials over the state, I have met no other who has given more wholehearted support to the the state CO program, both official! y and unofficially.
Under the guidance of the Griffin and Spalding County officials, the citizens of that area can he proud of a community project well done.

AIR DEFENSF FACTS
Major Thomas W. Turbiville
There has been much talk of late concerning guided missiles, and new defensive weapons. As previously stated in this column, many articles in national publications, while having some basis in fact, simply cause delusion among the ranks of our citizens as to the extent of protection we now have. Recent meetings and Conferences on Civil Air Defense have not produced any facts which should cause any Georgia volu nteer to resign from his or her Ground Observer P ost or fail to attend Filter Center activities. In the forseeable future, even with actual and planned Air Defense, the Ground Observer Corps is a vital part of the detection system. Regardless of all this however, there are still people who refuse to accept responsibility in Civil Air Defense. I suspect that they will be the ones who will cry th e loudest when the chips are down.
The Russians are continuing to expand in weapons and aircraft. Civil and Air Defense must keep pace with this expansion, and the comparable action being taken by the United States. There is no room for "maybe' 1 or lack of action in this concept.

MAY 1954

3

--

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CD SUPPLIES ARE SLOWLY INCREASING
During January this year emergency equipment and supplies costing $2.6 million were delivered to warehouses and storage locations of the FCDA, bringing the total deliveries of such items now on hand and ready for instant use to more than $76 million. States were delivered $.9 million worth of supplies in January under the matching fund program. This bring!!' deliveries under matching funds to over $27.8 million.
THERE'S NO NITROGEN BOMB
Dr. Hans A. Bethe, Cornell physi-
cist and prP-sident of the American Physical Society says that the reports that Russia is working on a "Nitrogen Bomb" that would he more terrible than the U.S. hydrogen weapons is mere "hogwash." He said it. would make him very happy if they would put a lot of energy on the search for this bomb because they would just he wasting their time. He says that the H bomb is the ultimate in deadly effectiveness.
The current series of hydrogen bomb tests in the Pacific will he over by the first of July.
Representative Chet Holifield of California urged President Eisenhower to give Cabinet status to the Federal Civil Defense Administration. He said the president should submit a reorganization plan to Congress to make the FCDA an executive department headed by a secretary with Cabinet rank.

CIVIL OR SURVIVAL DEFENSE?
We took a note from the informational letter of the Atlanta Metropolitan CD organization that would he good for everybody to digest.
"Our Greatest Need: A better informed public on the fundamentals of Civil Defense and what we are trying to do in the Metropolitan Area. Our program could he more appropriately described as "Survival Defense" rather than Civil Defense. It's not complex nor is it difficult-it's simply this: Organization of the human and physical resources of this great community (Clayton, Cobb, DeKalh, Fulton and City of Atlanta) and an assignment of their roles in advance so that they could he mobilized on a moments notice to combat any emergency that might arise, And' if our potential enemies knew we were prepared in such manner, he would think twice before striking; and if our citizens knew we were so prepared to combat tornadoes and other disasters or emergencies, there woold he a greater sense of security and a better citiz en ship. '
The National Institute of Diaper Service has informed FCDA that its members in 120 cities discard or sellas rags each week about 200,000 diapers which are too wo~n for customer use. They are, however, suitable for compresses, dressings, bandages and slings when folded or torn to proper size.
It is recommended that CD organizations contact diaper services in their cities and see if they can not secure a quantity of this material, sterilize and store it for future emergency use.

THE DIRECTOR SAYS
Continued from Page 1
or indirectly by its effects. Civil defense is now more than
ever the answer to the survival of this great country if we are attacked by these new weapons. Are you doing your part in your local civil defense organization? Remember, Civil Defense is everybody's bus,
iness. - - - - - - -
ENGINEERING STORAGE DEFJNITION CHANGED
For reporting purpose!" the definition of an engineering storage location has been changed and is now defined as one which stores or will store one or more ten mile pipe units and related equipment. Several of the large cities which had been collated as having several locations have now been redefined a~;~ having only one.
Atlanta still has ten miles of pipe in storage and since the removal of the Regional FCDA office to Thomasville this will probably he turned over to the Atlanta CD organization. There are more than 40 such "engineering locations" in the country.
CHEM.ICAL DEFENSE COURSE
A six day course in defense against chemicals and biological warfare to he held at Fort McClellan in May or June has been proposed by the Department of the Army. The cost would he $18.30 including billet and hoard. Anybody who is a member of any city CD Corps and is interested in attending such a course should correspond at once with the State Office of Civil Defense.

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THE GEORGIA

GENERAL LIBRA
JUN 22 1954

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, Ernest Vandiver. State Director

Vol. 4, No. 6

Atlanta, Ga.

JUNE, 1954

j
Ernest Vandiver
THE DIRECTOR SAYS ...
Within the next few days I will resign as Civil Defense Director of the State of Georgia.
I wish to take this opportunity to express my deep appreciation to a ll t he readers of the Alert for their splendid help and cooperation in our Civil Defense Program during the past three years.
As yo u know, Civ il Defense is a ne w dimension in community thinking and pla nning . Civil Defense is truly "everybody's business." T he only way we can educa te our nearly fo ur milli on citizens in this new and vital subject is with the help of patriotic citizens s uch as you.
You have do ne an outs tandi ng job as evidenced by the fact that Georgia rates far above any other Southern State in Civil Defense pla nning a nd preparation, and well among the top seve n States in the Nation.
Continued on Page 4

Women's Advisors Meet AI Columbus

State Civil Defense Director Ernest Vandiver gave the keynote address at the fourth Women's Advisory Committee meeting held in Columbus on May 6. Mr. 13. H. Hardaway, Director of the Columbus Civil Defense organization, served as host to the State-wide meeting.
Home Protection was t he feature of the morning session with Mrs . J. T. deJarnette, Region III De puty Administrator for Women's Affairs discussing the Home Protection Exercises. Exercise l. (Preparing Your Shelter) was demonstrated by Mrs. Thomas A. Erwin, Jr. , ofColumbus and Col. William F. Kerns, State E ngineering Officer. Mrs. IVIary Grubbs, Audio-Visual Education Supervisor of the State Department of Education demonstrated Exercises 3 and 4 . (Borne Fire Protection and llome Fire Fighting). Mrs. Sam Gilbert of Hapeville and Mr. Jack Grantham, State Communications Officer demonstrated Exercise 5 (Emergency Action To Save Lives).
The role of The Hospital and Community Nurse in Civil Defense was presented at the afternoon session by Miss Margaret Gardner of the Public Health ursing Service and Mrs . Mary McLendon, Director Columbus Hospital School of ursing.
!Vlrs. Chester A. I3yars, Civil Defense Director of Griffin and Spalding County discussed Emergency Feeding and displayed models of improvised facilities.
Mrs . Gertrude Harris, Chairman of the Women's Advisory Committee

who presided over the all day conference announced that llO persons registered representing 22 cities and 31 organizations.
Mrs. Helen K. Smothers of Columbus a:1d Mr . Harry U. Jackson, Southwestern Area Director were in charge of local arrangements. The Reverend John Wilson, Mayor Ralph Sayers and Mrs. Charles M. Davis were among others participating on the program.
EMERGENCY MASS FEEDING
It is suggested that Civil Defense Directors start NOW to enlisting people who are capable and willing of taking a Emergency Mass Feeding course. Such people as Home Economic teachers, Home Economist, Home Demonstration Agents, restaurant owners and others who are connected with the handling of food.
The Improvised Feeding Committee of the State Emergency Welfare Services, at its recent meeting developed a plan for assisting local Civil Defense organizations in promoting its emergency feeding program.
Very soon there will be available an outline for the Course-as well as a list of materials which will be needed to put on a school in the local community. Miss Eleanor Pryor, chairman of the committee, states that the following persons will be available as instructors, who are trained to give Instructor Courses:
Continued on Page 4

THE ALERT----------------------------------------------------------------- -----------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
ERNEST VANDIVER Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Commun/o;atlons Officer
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director
HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
THE SPOKANE WALKOUT
Eighty percent of the population of downtown Spokane engaged in the first "walkout" to he held in any of the American cities on April 26. Seventy blocks of the city were cleared in less than fifteen minutes, and ninety percent of the doctors reported to their emergency stations.
Spokane Mayor Arthur R. Meehan stated "we have had nothing but high praise on our walkout from both civilians and military. Not one bit of adverse criticism. We are receiving hundreds of letters and phone calls wanting us to prepare plans for a more extensive walkout to he combined with a rideout into the suburbs. In spite of the weather the 15,000 rain soaked people who participated feel it W<\8 well worthwhile."
The serious manner in which the public participatP.d indicated that there is no public apathy where there is leadership and organization and Spokane has both in full measure. However, the greatest value of the problem is in the necessary advance preparations of the little businesses, the big businesses, the

TV RECRUITING SPOTS
Sets of the 10 Television Recruiting Spot-Announcement Films each 20 seconds in length are now being distributed by FCDA to the State Civil Defense Offices. They are apportioned to the State offices according to the number of TV Stations in each State and on the basis of approximately one set of the films for every two stations now on the air.
The new spot 'l'V film series is based on the 10 black and white Recruiting Posters previously released by FCDA. Distribution of the series through the State Civil Defense offices instead of directly to stations will allow for greater flexibility in connection with local recruiting situations.
City Civil Defense officials, planning recruiting drives in which local television is to be used, can now apply to their State organizations for use of the films when they are most timely. Since each of the ten films is directed to recruiting for a specific Civil Defense service (Warden Service, Transportation Service, Welfare Service, Police Service, Health Service, Staff Service, Engineering Service, Rescue Service, Communications Service, Fire Service), it is suggested that local officials request from the state only those titles for which they are recruiting at the time, rather than for the whole series of ten titles.
DO you give blood regularly? Blood is vital in any emergency in peace or war!
hotels, the hanks, the department stores, the hospitals, the schoolseach of these groups made a plan even if it wasn't written down. It was an oral plan in many cases-a determination of what to do-who turns off the gas, who locks the doors, who stays behind to prevent looting. "Walkout" created an awareness on the part of the public that safety requires planning, discipline and organization and that each and every inrl ividual has a part.

AIR DEFENSE FACTS
Major Thomas W. Turbiville
Cons iderable emphas is has been placed on obta ining new Ground Observe r P osts t hroughout the State. The hard wor k of General Va ndiver, our State Area Directors , the local City & County Civil Defense Directors a nd the Air Defense Filter Centers has paid off. Only a relatively few posts remain to be organized in the state.
WP- face another problem now how- ever, a nd tha t is to increase the number of observers at each post. Many posts have only two or three observers, while others in more thickly populated areas have as many as one hundred and seventyfive observers. The posts with plenty of observers are well equipped for twenty-four hour duty, hut what ahuut the others? The possibility of a deterioration of the international s ituation and subsequent air alerts is an ever present threat. A Ground Observer Post with less than twenty to thirty observer~ is nut adequately equipped for continued operation.. It therefore becomes apparent that each Post Supervisor, each Civil Defense Director and each member of the Air Defense Filter Center must begin to actively and urgently recruit more volunteers. Ohviousl y a post with fifty or more observers does not require more than that. It is simply a matter of training those on hand.
Remember, when the real alert is sounded, it will he too late to re cruit and train your neighbor in the next house, on the next street and most of all on the next farm. Start Recruiting now! Each Ground Observer Post has a big responsibility. It cannot he discharged without the proper number of observers.
George F. Arnold, President of the U.S. Civil Defense Council speaking in Atlanta last month said the apathy for Civil Defense is not in the public, hut in the public officials. He saicl they gave CD just enough support to allow it to exist, hut not enough to make it a strong defense.

2

JUNE 1954

----------------------------------------------------------------------------- THE ALERT

CIVIL DEFENSE

OPERATION RIDEOIIT

S. F. SEES RAY OF HOPE

IN ATLANTA SCHOOLS
By Elliott ]acks on
One of the most important programs in the Metropolitan Atlanta Civil Defense effort is that being promoted in the public schools. At the beginning of the school year, each of the seven school system s uperintendents designated a Civil Defense Coordinator and through t hese coordinators we have attempted to project the school program outlined in the FCDA Manual "Civil Defense in Schools," and the Georgia State Manual "Civil Defense Manual: Georgia Schools." This program has been ,;upplemented by a s eparate and distinct program in the P .T.A., and together, they have provided a well balanced program for tht: school community.
The first major item in any school program should be the designation a nd marking of adequate shelter areas and the organization of a good warden service for the orderly movement of the children to and from these areas. This has been accomplished in the Metropolitan Area in a most satisfactory manner. However, organization and plans must be tested for efficiency and effectivenes"' a nd we have had three Area-wide Air Ra id Warning exercises for this purposP during the year.
Our first exercise was held on December 7, 1953, the anniversary of Pearl Harbor and the first testing of the newly installed air raid warning sirens. Of course, the sounding of the sirens was something new and t here was much enthusiasm in the first test and all reports indicate that we had practically 100% particip ation. This exercise called for every child in every school in the t our-county Area to move to a previously designated shelter area at the sound of "W11rning Red" on the sirens. Fifteen minutes later the " All Clear" was given and the pupils moved back to their rooms in a we ll-disciplined manner. The P.T.A. organization had a representative in each school during the first test and they gave a most favorable r~port on the efficiency of this exercise.

''Operation Rideout," will be hel'd in Bremerton, Washington June 24th. Director M. E. Cornelius pla ns the evacuation of residents of Bremerton, to take place coincidentally with the evacuation of approximately 12,000 workers of the navy yard. All the people will abandon the city with the exception of hospital personnel and patients, and one person at each home and place of business, for security purposes. Busses, tr.ucks, ferries, private cars and all other available Il)eans of transportation will be utilized. No one will walk. The evacuation is planned to require an hour and a half.
Executive Order No. 10529, entitled "Participation by Federal Employees in State and Local Civil Defense Pre-emergency Training Programs," which with certain restrictions authorizes federal employees to participate in Civil Defense training and exercises without loss of pay, leave or other privileges and affords protection against injury sustained during such training or exercises was issued by the White House on 22 April, 1954.
On 30 April the President authorized and directed Federal agencies and their employees to participate in the nationwide CPX exercise on June 14-15. A memorandum from the CD authorities will allow th ~ federal employee to get off at this time.
Since December 7, we have had two other exercises-one on February 26 and another on May 18-both as successful as the first. However, on the last two we had the Atlanta Board of Education Radio Station broadcast an Alert two minutes before the sirens sounded and this gave those schools beyond the range of a siren an opportunity to ready an improvised alarm system. While sirens are highly desirable in any air raid exercise, some of our most effective drills are held in schools beyond the range of a siren and by the use of improvised warning devices timed to coincide with the actual soundinr of the siren.

The Honorable Elmer E. Robinson, President of the U.S. Conference of Mayors, and Mayor of the city of SanFrancisco wrote to Governor Val Peterson following a meeting of the mayors in Washington showing that there is a ray of hope for the big cities in spite of the coming of the H bomb. He stated in part:
"First, it is evident that sensational early reports of the blast, fire and radiation effects of the H-bomb were greatly exaggerated. Like all other bombs, the H-bomb has definite limitations. It will not kill everyone and everything for hundreds of miles around. As with the A-bomb, there are measures which the average citizen can take to save himself and his
family. ~'Second, the H-bomb has not come
as a surprise to Civil Defense planners. The Federal Civil Defense Administration has always taken into account the possibility of larger bombs than the A-bomb which destroyed Hiroshima. For the past year and a half, Federal authorities have been working on modifications of the original U.S. Civil Defense program which would provide increased protection against the increasing danger brought about by the hydrogen wea-
pons. "The success of the new Civil De-
fense strategy of evacuation depends upon two factors: (l) the assurance of earlier warning from the military a nd (2) the full cooperation of the target cities, their officials and all their citizens in preparing and testing adequate dispersal plans which will remove most people from the immediate danger area.
"The early warning system now under construction by the Air Force in northern Canada and elsewhere when completed, will eventually provide from 2 to 6 hours notice of approaching attack. This additional warning time is of little or no value to the people unless tested dispersal plans are ready in each city to make use of the time for survival purposes."
HAS your family been trained m emergency life-saving measures?

J U NE 1954

3

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

WHAT IS CIVIL DEFENSE?
(Borrowedfrom Oregon)
Civil defense is the housewife, cleaning the attic.
It is the country doctor, organizing a mobile first-aid team.
It is the s chool teacher, adapting fire drills to other emergencies.
It is the father, showing his son how to make a splint.
Civil defense is the mayor, explaining why his town must help other communities if disaster comes.
It is the utilities worker, locating a broken gas main.
It is the fireman, training auxiliaries.
It is the grocery store manager, displaying emergency food supplies.
It is the farmer, donating a pint of blood.
Civil defense is the editor, writing a series of articles on air raid precautions.
It is the ham radio operator, contacting an isolated city.
It is the high school boy, testing a fire extinguisher.
It is the laundry driver, learning to convert his truck to an ambulance.
It is the welfare worker, making a stove from brick and tin cans.
Civil defense is the city engineer, cataloging heavy equipment-the phychologist, studying panic-the building superintendent, marking shelter areas.
It is a positive-as positive as the word, "Prepare." The civil defense movement is based on the premis e that our vast oceans have been reduced to streams and that America is now vulnerable to a hundred atomic Pearl Harbors.
Civil defense is a calm, steady approach for conditioning people

DIRECTORS GET INSIDE LOOK
Deputy Director Frank A. Kopf attended a conference of state and city Civil Defense directors in Washington the firstweek in l'vlay at which organization of the FCDA was explained, and new ideas to be incorporated in forthcoming bulletins were discussed. The group was also given an inside look into the operation of FCDA and the National Government as it would be in time of war, and under the threat of a bombing attack.
State directors were present from Ariz ona, Wisconsin, Nebraska and Hhode Island, and the city directors from Uirmingham, Chicago, Detroit, and Worcester.
Chrysler automobiles are now made with the Civil Defense frequencies 640 and 1240, clearly markedon the radio dial. In case of attack these two are the only channels that will be used for broadcasting.
Spokane held a "walk out" preceeding a simulated atomic bombing in April. Thousands got out of the city without a casualty. Time Magazine says: "If nothing else, the test proved that Civil Defense is no more obsolete than the instinct of self preservation.
against the mental and physical shock that would accompany an attack on our cities.
It is your home, your children, your backyard-and civil defense is you, preparing for any emergency. With an effective program we will have the confidence to face whatever may come and the knowledge we need to protect ourselves.

THE DIRECTOR SAYS
Continued from Page 1
Space will not permit me to go into detail on the accomplishments of the fourteen services that make up Civil Defense, but I can assure you that many thousand ma n hours of work by my Staff a nd thousands of volunteer civil defense workers has been done .
I pray God that we w'ill never have to use this passive defense that we are building, but in the event of an enemy attack, my prayer is that we will be ready.
Continued from Page 1
Miss Nellie Boyd, Agricultural Extension Service, Athens; Mrs. Chester A. Byars, Griffin and Spalding County Civil Defense, Griffin;
Mrs. J. Horace Clark, Georgia Fed-
eration of Women's Clubs, Atlanta; Miss Margaret Dykes, State Department ofPublic Health, Atlanta; Miss Lucy Edwards, State Department of Education, Albany; Mrs . Frances Harper, Georgia Power Company, Atlanta; IVlrs. John G. Lewis, State Department of Defense, Atlanta; Miss Martha McKay, State Department of Public Health, Macon; 1\-'lrs. Huth Morrison, Fulton County Health Department, Atlanta; Mrs. S. C. Stukes, American National Red Cross, Decatur.
If you are interested in having such a course in your community, you can contact one of these instructors direct or write ~~. Phil Cawthon, Deputy Director of Emergency Welfare Service, State Capitol, Atlanta, or State Civil Defense Office, 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E., Atlanta.

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THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, George J. Hearn, State Director

Atlanta, Ga.

July, 1954

Governor Peterson Speaks To Atlanta Civil Defense Corps

George J. Hearn
T E DIRECTOR
SAYS - - Having been ac tive in Civil Defense in my home town of Monroe for the past few years, I deem it a great cha llenge in assuming the position of Civil Defense Director for Georgia. I go into this treme ndous task with humility and the prayer that every citize n of our great State will do his part in making our home as safe as possible from a n aggressor. Civil Defense is more than a plan and an organization. It is an awarenes s upon the part of the entire civilian population, that in emerge ncies, both in war and in peace, our safety depends a great deal upon how much we help ourse lves and our neighbors . T he great destructive power of the at om and hydrogen bomb might temporarily paralyze an entire community. Aid then would have to come from neighboring communities. Too Continued on Page 4

Atlanta was honored by a visit from Federal Civil Defense Administrator Val Peterson on June 7 a nd 8. He made several appearances on various programs, but the main event was a luncheon of the Kiwanis Club on Tuesday. Here he gave an inspired talk that enthused the 450 listeners and gave them a new vision of Civil Defense. Governor Peterson showed that it is entirely within Russia's capability to bomb our cities, that they do have the H bomb, and that our interceptors were incapable of bringing down a great number of the invaders. He stated that an attempt to ruin our industry by killing off the people who operate it was a logical one for them to assume. Although the old golden text of CD, "Duck and Cover" is obsolete near the ground zero of an H bomb burst, it still could be a very good rule to follow in the fringe area, and since one never knows in just what area he will find himself, it is better to duck than to seek no protection at all.
The best solution of all , he said, is to just not be there when the bomb falls. He told about the effort the Air Force is making to advance the warning time, so that all cities would have upwards of two hours of advance notice of an invasion. H that much time is given, the "walkout" or "rideout" method of evading the bomb is practical. It is a matter of "dig, disperse, or die."
In practice dispersals it is OK to leave someone behind to guard the cash register, he said, but when the chips are down and the real alert comes, someone will have to make up their mind whether they would rather watch the cash register and run the risk of being vaporized, or leave the money and evacuate.
Governor Peterson visited the bomb-proof state control center while in the in the city, as well as other CD installations.

In case of a bombing, you will not be able to get a doctor by calling for one on the telephone. They will all be busy at the temporary hospitals and aid stations. Even serious emergency cases will have to be carted off to where -the doctors are.

Mr. and Mrs . Jere Field of Monroe are due recognition for their hard work in getting the Civil Defense organization of that city going. At a recent staff meeting there were 60 present. They have a complete disaster plan, from block wardens up.

Civil Defense is com mon sense. se yo ur head, don't lose it.

Leningrad and Moscow are the only H-bomb targets in Russia.

THE ALERT ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

WHAT'S NEW IN NORTH GEORGIA CIVIL DEFENSE

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPAHTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
GEORGE J. HEARN Director

By ferry Cauble
1 Since accepting the CD directorship in Augusta, Mrs. G. W. Freiberg has
I accomplished phenonemal results. After surveying the situation, she immediately contacted !\1ayor Hugh L. Hamilton and other city officials. With their
cooperation she was able to launch a rebuilding program in CD. The various services which compose the basic structure of CD had to be

FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director

developed. First among those is the warning system. It was inadequate; therefore a survey was made to determine the number and location of the

CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer

sirens necessary for adequate coverage. A temporary warning system was set up (fire and police sirens were used). In keeping with the responsibilities

WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director
HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director

of the fire and police in CD, plans were made for training reserve and auxiliary units. Emergency highway signs were placed. This ;"~formation was posted and publ;cized. The director's objective for the coming year is to purchase through Federal Matching Funds enough sirens to adequately cover the Augusta area. The proposed training of Auxiliary Fire and Police units began in April.
Among Mrs. Freiberg's most active services is the Communications Service under Mr. F. A. (Goat) Saxon. (His nickname is used here so that those along the Ham Channels will recognize him). Mr. Saxon has been on the CD staff from the beginning of the program some three years ago. When Augusta..'ras designated as one of the disaster net stations for Georgia, Mr. Saxon worked extremely hard in developing one of the finest stations in the state. Modifications and improvements will be in order this coming year in the form of new

radio equipment and installation of stand-by power equipment. Together with
ADVENTISTS ACTIVE IN CD Mrs. Freiberg they will work on modifictaions of the control center. All the.

existing ham and commercial equipment such as taxis, Forestry units, and

Seventh-Day Adventists leaders Civil Air Patrol will be utilized.

report progress in a program to

Eight GOC posts have been established in Augusta and Richmond County.

make the denomination's 3,000 White's Department Store in Augusta has given excellent cooperation through

churches in North America cen- its personnel and facilities. Fifty-five blocks of the downtown area have

ters for casualty care in a dis- been surveyed for shelter area. This represents about 98 percent. Signs ,,,;11

aster. The Church's civil defense be posted designating shelter spaces.

program was authorized at its quad-

Children in the Richmond County area will receive the maximum protection

rennial world convention in 1950. under a new plan adopted by the Board of Education. They will be trained for

Since then, delegates to this year's self-protection. The identification program (dog tags) is to be initiated next

sessions in San Francis co were told, school year.

18,000 instructors have been trained

Mrs. Freiberg informs me that stockpiling of First Aid materials in each

in first aid and welfare agencies of school is being developed. Plans for moving First Aid stations and personnel

the church have stockpiled food, to disaster areas and the evacuation of the citizens of Augusta is proposed

clothing and disaster kits at 300 for future plans to be processed before 1955.

welfare centers.

After many months of pla nning and conferences, Mrs. Freiberg and her as-

Texas welfare societies of the sociates in Medical Services have designated 12 Mobile First-Aid Stations

church received a citation for out- a nd stockpiling for them enough Emergency Medical supplies for 5 to 8 hours

standing work in welfare from the of disaster.

Freedoms Foundation at Valley Forge, Pa. This stems from their activities at Waco, Texas, last year

The most outstanding thing to be accomplished by this group is the Emergency Hospital Unit to be secured on matching funds. The director, the mayor and city councilmen, and others are to be congratulated on being farsighted

when, with the Red Cross, they supplied food, clothing and bedding to tornado victims.

enough to take this important step in the protection of their citizens. This
will be the first of its type in the State, and I am sure that Dr. P . P. Volpitto
and Dr. A. J. Davis will utilize its potentialities to the utmost.

The Red Cross officers and Hev. Schiling are to be commended for the

Just before his death General Vandenberg said that even with N/KE and other guided missiles five or six enemy planes out of ten could penetrate our air defenses.

quick mutual understanding of the various overlapping responsibilities in natural and atomic disaster. Their problems are varied but their responsibili- ties are the same to the local citizens.
Congratulations also to Miss Madeline Maddox of the local TV and radio stations for rendering a much-needed public service in cooperating with Mrs. Freiberg in presenting a public information program to educate the citizens of

2

JULY, 1954

THE ALERT
WOMEN'S CLUBS BOOST C.D.

MRS. G. W. FREIBERG, CD DIRECTOR OF AU GUSTA, AND HER STAFF reviewing o ne of the weighty problems in the Council Chomber. L toR Sheriff Jomes Plunkett; L. E. Phillips, City Engine er; Sydney Corter, City-County Zoning Cha i rman; Mrs. ::7. W. Freiberg; John Burks, Education Supervisor, County Boord of Education; Gen. C. C. Blonchord, C.:i. at Camp Gordon; Lt. G. 0. Robinson, Augusto CD Pol ice
Chief; John C. Wilkerson, Fire Chief of Augusto.

WARDENS CONFERENCE
Georgia was represented at the Regional Civil Defens e Warden L eadership Conference hel d in Birmingham, Ala bama on th e campus of Birmingham Southern College by Ge neral Frank A. Kopf, J ack L. Grantham, and Mrs . John G. Le wis of the State Civil Defens e Staff; Mrs. Gene Berkey Gos le e, Miss L yd ia W. Guice, Mrs. Earl T. Peck, Ric hard E . Gerrick, G. L. Johnson, J. Sta nley Lewis, and E. E . Po ntius of At lanta; Bill G. Bail ey, Columbus; Mrs. W. F. Bras we ll, Eas t P oint; Mrs. J. W. Cha pman, Hapeville ; Ralph A. De mopoulas, Harold B. Lapp and Roy R. Styles , Savannah. Mrs . J. T. deJarnette , E dgar P . J a mes, Don Hanks a nd Pete Cra ig from the Regiona l Staff a t Thomas ville participated on the progra m.
Virgil L. Couch, Director Warden Division, FCDA and P a ul Gerhart, Warden specialist presente d a progra m for esta blishing and operating a local warden service . The pha ses e mphasized were Stimulating In-

SOMETHING NEW TO BE ADDED
When and if the guarante e d advanced warning time has been made long enough to make disp ersal possible, a new signal, the YELLOW warning will be added to the present RED and WHITE signals.
At the YELLOW signal, cons isting of a twenty second blast followed by a forty second silence repeated seven times, the plan previously worked out for the dispersal of th e population of a city will go into effec t.
Warning YELLOW is now give n by telephone and radio to CD workers, and by radio to the gen e ral publi c. NO sirens are now sound ed. H a nd w hen the new signal is added, it will mean "dispersal."
terest of Citizens in Civil Defe ns e and Recruitment, Wome n a nd the Warden Service and Family Protection Exercises, Tra in ing a nd Tra ining Aids, Maintaining Interest a nd and Activity, Pani c Pre vention a nd Control, Warden in a tural Disasters, and Wardens Relationship to other Civil Defense Services.

Augusta and Richmond County t o the necessity of CD. Although this is a voluntee r job, Mrs. Freiberg made over 50 persona l
conta cts loc ally, taught 9 F irs t-Aid cl asses (22 hours each ), a tte nded 13 s ta te and loc al CD me etings , a nd received one of the highest ratings give n at the Georgia CD s chool in Athens last year.
Orchids to you a nd your assis ta nts, Mrs. Freiberg-!!!

Mrs . John G. Lewis of our staff was one of 3,000 delegates attending the General Federation of Women's Clubs' 63rd Annual Convention held in Denver, Colorado, May 31June 4. This international federation with a membership of ll million women has given its support during the past two years to the National Defense and Civil Defense programs.
Federal Civil Defense Administrator, Val Peterson addressed the Convention, his subject being "What Next America in National Defense." He pointed out that due to the fact that Russia now has the ability to strike us thewomen of the world will be in the front lines in World War III. It is therefore necessary that women organize and train in order to take care of themselves and their families as well as to help their neighbors. He challenged this body of women to lead the way in learning how to live in peace.
Mrs. Lewis who has served as Civil Defense Chairman for the Georgia Federation of Women's Clubs reports that one of Denver's Emergency Feeding teams in cooperation with the Colorado and Regional Civil Defense Corps served a luncheon for the Civil Defense Chairmen which gave all an opportunity to get acquainted and exchange plans as well as to meet Administrator Peterson informally.
The Georgia Federation of Women's received three national awards, Georgia Juniors received five and M-s. Chester E. Martin of Georgia was elected President of the Southeastern Council.
Mrs. Theodore S. Chapman of Illinois who succeeds Mrs. Oscar A. Ahlgren as President of the General Federation announced that Civil Defense will be continued as a part of the action program of the federation in the department of Public Affairs with emphasis being given to Home Defense.
P e ni cillin a nd insulin were both di sc overed by accident, the A bom b on pur pose.

J ULY, 1954

3

THE ALERT

HOME DEMONSTRATION

GIRLS' STATE HEARS LEWIS

THE DIRECTOR SAYS .

COUNCIL MEETS AT ATHENS
Building Home Found a tions for World Peace was the theme for the program of the Georgia Home Demonstration Council's twenty-ninth annual conference held at the University of Georgia in Athens, June 8-12.
Mrs. Lorraine Guild, State Home Demonstration Health and Civil Defense Project Chairman presented a panel of Civil Defense at the General Session, Thursday in the Fine Arts Auditorium for the more than six hundred delegates in.attendance from 47,624 clubs in the State. Mrs. J, T.

ON CIVIL DEFENSE
Mrs. John G. Lewis, State Coordinator of Women's Activities for Civil Defense addressed the General Assembly of the ninth annual session of Girls' State on Wednesday evening at the Georgia Military Academy in
College Park. Her subject was "1m-
portance of Preparedness Through Civil Defense." Mrs. Lewis explained the need for civil defense, pointed out that Civil Defense is an extension of existing local and state governmental services, and gave information on self-protection and fam-

Continued from Page 1
much stress cannot be placed upon mutual aid between neighbors for rescue work and for housing and
feeding the homeless. H bombs fall
on America everybody, everywhere in the untouched areas can look upon these homeless and injured and say to themselves, "There but for the grace of God, go I."
The military forces are using every device known to modern science to strengthen the country's defense, but no system is infallible. We, as civilians, must be ready too. A community that is prepared will

deJarnette, Regional Civil Defense Director of Women's Activities discussed the role of women in Civil Defense, Mrs. Mary Grubbs, AudioVisual Education Director of the State Department of Education demonstrated the Home Protection Exercises concerned with safe food and water in emergencies, anrl Mrs. John G. Lewis, Coordinator of Women's Activities on the State Civil Defense Staff outlined Georgia's Civil fensePlanfor Women'sParticipation.
Progress reports on Civil Defense activities were made by clubs and county councils at Miss Lucille Hig-

ily preparation for disaster. The three hundred and sixteen
young Georgia women showed their keen interest in this very vital subject by participating in the discussion period. They indicated that they will return to their own communities and use their influence in promoting an active Civil Defense organization for the protection of all citizens.
Georgia's Girls' State is sponsored by the American Legion Auxiliary, Mrs. Stephen C. Moon, President, as part of the Americanism program and brings together young women interested in learning about government

keep the loss of life to a minimum and will dig itself out systematically and without the disastrous effect of panic after the blow has fallen.
This is not a short term measure. Until peace again reigns throughout the world, the pattern of American life must include a readiness upon the part of modern minute-men to meet whatever comes and meet it squarely.
The Regional Rescue Institute will be held in Nashville, Tenn., on July 29 and 30. Anyone interested in the CD rescue program in the south-

ginbotham's workshop and plans were made for greater emphasis on home protection during the coming year. Miss Eddye Ross, Assistant Associate Director Home Demonstra-

and politics. They are chosen on the basis of a record of high scholarship, leadership, character and citizenship participation in their schools and communities.

eastern states is invited to attend and it is hoped that all of the larger cities will send their rescue chiefs and several of their team captains. Registration should be made direct to

tion Work, Agricultural Extension Service commended the clubs for the good record made in Civil Defense activities.
Mrs. Millard Lawson of Chatham County was elected President of the State Council and will announce her

Question. "When your radio broadcast goes off of the air during an air raid warning, how can you find out what it is all about?" Answer. "Turn your radio dial to either 640 or 1240 (AM not FM).

the State Department of Defense, Colonel Fox Director, 103 Cotton States Building, Nashville 3, Tenn.
Of course there is no cost attached to the meeting except that of transportation and subsistence. The meetings will be held in the Auditorium of

appointment of a Civil Defense Chair- Those are the CONELRAD fre- the War Memoria] Building which is

man in the next few da ys.

quencies.

downtown.

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THE GEORGIA

Department of Oefense, Civi I Defense Division, George J. Hearn, State Director

Atlanta, Ga.

August, 1954

Radiological Defense School

At Georgia Tech

George J. Hearn
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS - - -
With the shrinkage of space and tim e, with the development of the most lethal weapons ever known to man, the face of war has been drastically altered. Future warfare will not be restricted to the battlefield, nor fought primarily by soldiers at the front, for modern planes, submarines, guided missiles and other deadly devices have made every point in this country vulnerable to sudden attack.
Our danger at home is fixed and constant. Right at this moment, every major city in the United States is within reach of Russian bombers. We know that Russia has at omic and hydrogen bombs. We know that Russia has the facilities to wage biological warfare. We know that Russia is supplied with all of the modern gases. So long as those
Continued on Page 4

A Regional Conference on Radiological Defense was held at Georgia Institute of Technology on July 8-9 sponsored by .the FCDA Regional Office. State CD and the Atlanta Metropolitan Area CD Organization in cooperation with the Engineering Experiment Station.
Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina and Tennessee were all represented with a total of 84 including staff and speakers. The delegates gave progress reports on the status of radiological defense training in their own states, and held discussions of problems.
The Medical Aspects of !l.adiolog-
ical Defense was presented by Dr.
H. D. Bruner of Emory University School of Medicine. The Third Army Radiological Program was presented by Capt. George W. Connell, Jr., of the Third Army Headquarters, and the FCDA Instrumentation Program by Radiological Defense Consultant Jack Greene.
Discussions on Food and Water Monitoring Techniques and Decontamination was led by W. J , Lacy from Research and Development Laboratory of Ft. Belvoir, Virginia , Field and Personnel Monitoring Techniques and Decontamination by Myron Fair of Oakridge Laboratory, and Atomic Test Operations led by Roscoe Goeke, Radiological Defense Consultant FCDA.

Mr. Goeke opened the final discussion on the topic of Radiological Defense Operations and Logistics and Doyle Davis of Oakridge followed with a Calibration Problem-Physical Aspects. Instrument Maintenance and Calibration Devices was presented by John H. Tolan, Research Physicist, Engineering Experiment Station, Georgia Institute of Technology. He outlined the procedure for setting up the service on the state level and demonstrated a device which was designed and constructed as a joint project of the Experiment Station and Special Weapons Section, Medical Services , Georgia Civil Defense.
Local Civil Defense Directors and Medical Services Chiefs interested in developing Radiological Defense programs which are more necessary in the light of the hydrogen bomb are advised to contact Robert Byers or R. P. Lewis of the Georgia Health Department, Atlanta, Georgia for information and assistance.
Mrs. Grace Bramblett of Atlanta, Grand Worthy Matron, Order of the Eastern Star, Grand Chapter of Georgia has asked Mrs. Gene Berkey Goslee, Atlanta, to serve a second year as Civil Defense Chairman. Mrs. Goslee was the Eastern Star Chairman last year.

THE ALERT----------------------------------------------------------------------------~

GOVERNOR TALMADGE AND AIR FORCE PAY TRIBUTE

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Publishedmonthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
GEORGE J. HEARN Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director

TO THE GEORGIA GROUND OBSERVER CORPS
July 14th marks three years of standby duty for the Georgia Ground Observer Corps. The GOC in Georgia started in 1951 with the construction of two Air Defense Filter Centers, one in Atlanta and one in Savannah. Today these Filter Centers are going, efficient concerns and we have over 700 GOC posts. This is a fine record, and well deserves the tribute paid by the Governor. Following is a facsimile of the actual Proclamation.

CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer

WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer

MERMAN E . TALMADGE GOV ERNOR

'!fx.erntiir.e ~.e~ntr!m.en:.l: J'Jb:nht
GROUND OBSERVER CORPS DAY

.JAMES L . BE;NTLEY. .J" , EXECUTIVE: SEC RE TARY

JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director

A PROCLAMATirn

HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director
HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director

BY THE GOVERN<R:

'WHEREAS:

It is the intent of the United States Air Force and the State to provide recognition for the volunteer llllllllbers of the Ground
Obaerver Corps in the State or Georgia, and

FCDA TO MOVE
In a new step to prepare for any H-bomb attack on the United States, the Federal Civil Defense Administration announced it would move its headquarters to Battle Creek, Mich, and will occupy the former Percy Jones General Hospital property. The transfer will be completed within 60 days.
Officials said the main reason for the move is to get the agency away from Washington or any other major city which would be a likely target of atomic attack in case a major war should break out. Battle Creek, in the south central part of Michigan, had a population of 48,660 in the l%0 census.

'WHEREAS:

Thousands of citizens or the State of Georgia
haw been perfoming a vital service to their
country and to their families by devoting their time to the Air Defense of the UD:I.ted States
against enemy attack for owr three ,ears, and

WHEREAS:

The Ground Obaerver Corps will create avarell8118 in others of the essential service that must be perfomed and that their support and personal participation is necessary to evolw a fully and
effectiwly operational Air Defense System, now

I, Hennan E. Talmadge, Governor or Georgia, do
hereby proclaim that Wednesday, July 14, 1954, be
set aside as GROUND OB3ERVER CORPS DAY in the Sta:te
or Oeorgi.a and do hereby invite our CitizeDB to join with me in this salute to the volunteers or
the Ground Obeerver Corps.

In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the Seal of the Executive Depar1ment
to be affixed, this the 6th day o! July, 1954.

Mrs. Hassie N. Trimble, Jr. of Moultrie, President of the newly organized Auxiliary to the Georgia Association of Osteopathic Physicians and Surgeons upon her appointment to the State Women's Advisory Committee for Civil Defense named Mrs. Russell Andrews of Rome to serve as Civil Defense Chairman for the Auxiliary.
2

ODE TO THE INCOME
I ponder this about it And sadden more each minute; I cannot live without it, And I cannot live within it.

Pilot Club International District I Governor, Miss Louise Owens from LaGrange has appointed Miss Lillian Arnold of Macon as Civil Defense Chairman.

jill*"

THE NEW RESCUE TRUCK OF POST 112, DALTON. Left to right, Jerry Coubl e, Area Director; George Hearn, State Director; Mrs. Marion S. Sims, CD Director at Dolton; Harry Brown, FCDA Third Region Administrator; J. L.
Mill sops, Commander American Legion Post 112.

CD IN NORTH GEORGIA
After many months of planning and construction, the first American Legion Rescue Truck was delivered on 9 July in Atlanta to the Dalton Post 112. Commander J, L. Millsap, Dean Smith, Legion Rescue Chief and CD Chairman; Mayor Bolling and Mrs. Sims, CD Director, have all done an excellent job in developing one of the finest community CD projects in Northwest Georgia.
The Rescue Truck's major purpose is to free disaster victims of all types in various stages of imprisonment. This unit will work with the Fire Department, Police and Ambulance Services to handle all FirstAid and stretcher cases. It will be operated by Fire Chief Broome and Rescue Chief Smith, assisted by a 24 man rescue te a m composed of 3 squads of 8 men each. Chief Broome and several of his assistants have attended the Rescue School in Olney, Md., and are well qualified to train the men.
The truck has many compartments containing everything needed for rescue work. Some of th e items are dodders, gas masks, wood and electric power tools, power saws, ladders, stretchers, shovels, acetylene cutting torches, jacks, blankets,

COURT DELAYS TRIAL
FOR ATTORNEY'S CD DRILL
When a $55,000 injury case was called in the Supreme Court on June 14, Defense Counsel Bruce Sullivan told the Court he was due at the Albany Control Center at noon and that he was "on call" for the next 24 hours.
Justice Schirick said: "The Court cannot interfere with Civil Defense. It is an ab~olute necessity." He directed tha.t selection of a jury be started and that proceedings be halted at 11:45 A.M. to permit Mr. Sullivan to report for Civil Defense duty.
-Albany Knickerboker News
first aid kits, helmets, auxiliary units for power and many other vital pieces of equipment needed in disaster rescue work.
The funds to secure such a unit may be obtained through local and federal matching funds. These trucks constructed and delivered in Georgia cost about $8,600 fully equipped.
This truck is the first of it's type to be secured under the ational American Legion Rescue Program. The blue and white truck was on display in Augusta during the State Legion Convention.

GENERAL HEARN TAKES OVER
AS CIVIL DEFENSE DIRECTOR
Brigadier General George J. Hearn took over the duties of Adjutant General and of Civil Defense Director for Georgia upon the resignation of General Ernest Vandiver who is a candidate for the position of Lieutenant Governor in the election of September 8. Immediately upon being sworn in by Governor Herman Talmadge, Hearn was promoted to Major General, which is the rank that the position carries. Dy law he also becomes Disaster Coordinator and deals with the FCDA in case that organization is authorized to assist in a Georgia major disaster.
General Hearn has a distinguished military career. He was born in Georgia in 1907, and has been in Georgia ever since. He enlisted as a private in the Howitzer Company of the 121st Infantry, Ga. N.G . in 1925 and served in every grade through 2d Lieutenant. When his unit was changed to Coast Artillery Corps in 1939 he remained with it as an officer and commanded Battery B, 214th CAC,AA when Inducted into the service in 1940.
He was discharged March 9, 1946 and when the National Guard was reactivated he became Colonel and Executive Officer of the 108th AAA Brigade. He was again inducted into the service for the Korean fracas and after serving nearly two years he came out as a Brigadier General. Upon reactivation of the brigade he became its commander with headquarters at Winder.
He has also been active in CIVIC matters, serving as Mayor of Monroe, an Elder in the Chrisitan Church, and Worshipful Master of his Lodge. He is also a member of the Elks, Shrine, 40 and 8 , a nd is a Past Departmental Commander of the American Legion.
He is married to the former ~liss Nell Potts of Mansfield, Ga., and they live in Monroe where he is a partner with his brother in the hardware business. One son, George J, III is a student at the University of Georgia.
3

THE ALERT--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

RADIOACTIVE DUST

GIRL SCOUTS HELPING CD

THE DIRECTOR SAYS .

CAN BE WASHED OFF
Several ships of the U.S. Navy were caught in the "fall out" of radioactive ashes of the ~rch 1, Hydrogen bomb test. They escaped contamination by using exterior sprinkling systems which washed the radioactive particles off into the sea, and left the ship and its crew safe from radiation.
Most people do not understand that the residual radiation comes from dust and ash particles that are themselves sources of radiation. If you can get rid of the dust and ashes you get rid of the source of radiation. After the radioactive particle goes down the drain it becomes the problem of the sani tary engineer out at the sewage disposal plant and he knows {we hope) how to handle the problem. At least it is out of your lap.
Radioactive dust and ashes wash off of a surface just like any other kind of dirt. The fact that they are radioactive does not make them sticky, or make them adhere to a surface with .any greater force. If you get rid of the dirt you get rid of the radiation. First aid for radioactive particles is water.
It takes several hours of exposure for this dust to do any harm externally.
Here's a nifty from the Manchester, N.H. "Aircraft Flash:"
It's July fourth, we know so well As Independence Day, So keep your eyes upon the skies And help it stay that way."

Mrs. Foster V. Yancey of Marietta who represents Georgia Girl Scouts on the State Women's Advisory Committee for Civil Defense prepared and sent to all Girl Scout Councils in our State a questionnaire on Civil Defense. From the replies which came to her she learned that Georgia Girl Scouts are interested in Civil Defense and many have participated in Civil Defense activities.
Girl Scouts from Augusta, Atlanta, Athens, Cobb County, Chattahoochee Valley Area Council and Pineland Girl Scout Council of West have been having classes' in First Aid and Outdoor Cooking, especially designed for curb stone cooking, in case of emergency. They have been making First Aid Kits and have been reading the "Be Prepared" booklet as well as cooperating with Red Cross in lining up Classes. They have assisted in making Surveys and have card files on girls and adults indicating how they may help in an emergency. They have conducted Civil Defense programs, plane spotters groups .and have stressed Civil Defense in adult bulletins.
During the coming year Mrs. Yancey plans to furnish suggestions on Civil Defense activities to the Girl Scout Troops over the State. This fine group of young people and their leaders are to be commended for the record they have made and for their foresight in planning for the future. Local committees will do well to contact this organization and enlist their cooperation in carrying out the Civil DPfense program in each community.

Continued from Page 1
things are true-and every one of them is true-Fortress Main Street must be on the alert day and night.
If we are going to be prepared
for the modern war we have got to get rid of our atomic ostrichism. We have got to accept the fact that a new dimension has been added to warfare. It is a dimension that adds reach to the attack; that enables it to bypass and overshoot our traditional defenses and strike at the very root of our strength- our people and our cities. This new dimension wipes out the distinction between combatant and non combatant. It makes civilians on the home front as vulnerable to death and injuries as soldiers on the firing line. It makes our own backyards today the front lines of tomorrow.
Civil Defense, like charity, is something that begins at home. Everyone of us can take the time to learn the simple things we need to know in order to protect o~ selves from enemy attack. Every one of us can take the time to make sure that the members of our families are trained in self-protection and that our homes are prepared with the supplies and facilities that will be worth their weight in gold, if attack should come.
You can't have bread if you won't put in the yeast. We will not get the bread of survival if we leave out the yeast of Civil Defense.

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THE GEORGIA

I GE ERAl liBRARY
EP 20 1954

Department of Defense, Civi I Defense Division, George J. Hearn, State Director

Vol. 4, No. 9

Atlanta, Ga.

SEPTEMBER, 1954

FIVE RESCUE TRUCKS DELIVERED

George J. Hearn
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS - - . Our schools, universities and colle ges have now reopened for the 195455 tenns.
Realizing that civil defense is a new dimension in community thought a nd service, our first job is to create an understanding of this new dimens ion and its implications for our survival, individually and as members of a community.
We look naturally to our American institutions for leadership in this task. We must look to our educators, from the kindergarten to the university level, to pioneer in helping us build into the educational thought and practices the substance of this new dimension.
What is education's role in the devel opment of the national civil defense pc ogram?
It falls into two broad categories: (l) effective leadership at the com-
Continued on Page 4

Civil Defense Rescue Trucks are rapidly coming off the assembly lines and are being delivered to communities in the State. To date, five trucks have been delivered and four more are scheduled off the line within the next few weeks.
DeKalb County received the first unit with Dalton's unit and Savannah's unit following in close order. The next unit was assigned to the State Civil Defense Office and is being manned with personnel from the State National Guard Maintenance Shop.
The remaining five units are assigned to the State Highway Department which is in turn assigning one to each of its division offices located at Gainesville, Augusta, Macon, Tifton, and Savannah.
The Rescue Trucks are being manufactured by Yancey Brothers of Atlanta.and are mounted on "Big Job" Ford F-700 chassis. The tools and ~quipment are furnished by Times Industrial -Supply Corporation which is the same contractor who furnishes identical tools and equipment on the .government procured vehicles.
The unit stationed at the State Defense Office is available for demonstration to all communities interested in procuring one of these valuable vehicles under the Matching Funds Pttogram.
Considerable interest has been generated throughout the various American Legion posts in the procurement of rescue vehicles for their respective communities. Proof that it can be done is offered by Post 112,

as this patriotic legion post has purchased the Rescue Truck for the City of Dalton, and mans it with a volunteer crew.
COMMUNICATIONS
Georgia Civil Defense Communications plans have made rapid strides during the last year with the aid of Federal Matching Funds.
Over sixty applications were handled for cities throughout the State, with a total Program cost in the amount of $432,977.67.
Eight emergency power generators, 511 mobile units, 53 central stations, 17 consoles, 14 towers, 22 portable stations were approved.
This equipment is in the process of being installed in Civil Defe nse control centers, fire and police ve-
hicles. In addition to the regular
freqnency assigned to each police station, all applicants have installed the additional equipment to allow them to contact the next nearest city on another channel.
When the installation of all this equipment is completed, it will allow messages to be relayed from one police station to another anywhere in the State.
Much interest has been manifested in the Communications Matching Funds Program and even before the 1955 Program gets under way, there is already a considerable back-log of applications to be handled for the coming year.

.1

THE ALERT ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

REGIONAL FIRE CONFERENCE

AIR DEFENSE FACTS

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
GEORGE J. HEARN Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director
HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
SOUTHEAST GEORGIA
By Hoyle R. Yandle
Civil Defense interest in Southeast Georgia has reached a new high, and this section of the State is rapidly approaching the time when both rural and urban centers will be organized to cope with any emergency that might arise.
It is most heartening to visit in rural areas to discover the almost excited enthusiasm on the part of volunteers who are rendering yeoman service in the Ground Observer Corps program. Substantial progress has been made in securing workers to man the various observation posts throughout this area.
Charles j. Musante, CD director for the largest city in the Southeastern area, has perfected an organization in Savannah second to none. His qualities of leadership and his ability to inject this spirit of realism into others has resulted in widespread interest in the defense program in counties and towns adjacent to the Port City.
Others who are setting up Civil Defense organizations deserve equal commendation, although these smaller cities are organized primarily to ren-
der mobile support to cities like Sa-

PLANNED FOR ATLANTA
Plans are being made to hold a Regional Civil Defense Fire Fighters Conference in Atlanta, November 4--5.
The conference would provide firemen an opportunity to present and discuss freely among themselves their own emergency operational plans, and other aspects of their jobs in Civil Defense.
It would also bring to the firemen of the Region an opportunity to meet with the FCDA Washington Staff to get the picture of what is happening on a national scale.
A great deal of new factual research data on the development in government and private agencies on various phases of fire defense, thermal effects and other scientific information is now available and will be presented during the Conference.
Firemen will also be given an opportunity to inspect and operate new portable pumps, generators, the FCDA fire pumper, and emergency 8" water line.
In making the joint announcement, the FCDA Regional Office, the State of Georgia, and the City of Atlanta, state that the printed programs and invitations would be in the mail within the next few days. They also urge every city to have representatives to take advantage of this opportunity.
vannah in the event of a major disaster. Among those who are showing a keen interest are: Ronald Windener, the .new director in Lyons; I. Seaman Williams, CD director in Statesboro; M. E. Rivers, capable leader of the defense forces in Metter; Frank 0. Miller, Pembroke, who is also mayor of his city and editor of the local weekly newspaper; Harvey Sapp, Waynesboro; Ben M. Ehrlich, Swainsboro, who keeps in touch with all GOC supervisors and ' volunteer workers in Emanuel County; W. K. (Bill) Meeks, popular American Legion official in Douglas, who has enlisted the active participation of both city and rural leaders in the CD program in Coffee County; Murray Chappell, Dublin, capable director in Laurens County.

By Major Thomas W. Turbiville
In view of several incidents, 'inquiries and happenings in the past few weeks, a clarification of responsibility for the Ground Observer Corps is indi~ ated.
In accordance with agree,ments between various States and the Air Force, State ,and Local Civil Defense Organizations are responsible for .the recruiting ana the resultant administration of volunteers, to man Ground Observer Posts and Air Defense Filter Centers. The Air Force, in turn, is responsible for the training of these volunteers, their indoctrill!ltion into the Air Defense System and the efficient operation of that vast and intricate system.
This division of responsibility is most logical. State and local Civil Defense Directors and their personnel are more faml liar with their own towns people, communities, and counties, and are in a much better position in most cases, to obtain comrimnity participation and recruit GOC volunteers, along with other Civil Defense volunteers needed. In any event, the Air Force is not equipped manpower-wise to recruit volunteers and train them and operate the Air Defense System all simultaneously. When Filter Center Training teams ar~ forced to recruit new supervisors and volunteers due to a lack of cooperation or interest, training suffers and the efficiency of your Air Defense System is thus impaired. While all Air Force personnel in the Ground Observer Corps are directed to assist Civil Defense Directors in their recruiting efforts in every possible way, it must be completely understood that the primary responsibility lies with State and local Civil Defense Directors. There is no division of aims in this concept; only a division of responsibility. The ultimate aim, of course is to save American lives in the event of an attack, by having a fully manned, fully trained, efficiently operated Air Defense and Civil Defense System. This obviously cannot be accomplished unless everyone is aware of, and retires his own individual responsi.bility.

2

SEPTEMBER, 1954

THE ALERT

MASS FEEDING SCHOOL AT FORT BENNING

CIV.IL DEFENSE AUTOMOBILE EMERGENCY KIT

Phil Cawthon, Deputy Director of Civil Defense Emergency Welfare Services has been notified by Regional Administrator Harry E. Brown of a joint Army- FCDA Training Program in Emergency Mass Feeding to be he ld at Fort Benning, Georgia, -September 23-21.. Representatives from the Feeding Sections of Mass Care Divisions of Emergency Welfare Services of Civil Defense organizations in Georgia, South Carolina, Florida, Alabama, Tennessee, Mississippi, North Carolina, Canal Zone, Puerto Ric o and th-~ Virgin Islands are eligible to attend this school.
The course is a very practical one with instruction covering mess layout for mass feeding; foods to serve; preve ntion of food contamination and poisoning; water purification, waste disposal and sanitation.
In case of disaster, natural or manmade, it will be necessary to feed large numbers of people under emerge ncy conditions, therefore, Mr. Cawthon urges Civil Defense directors in every community in Georgia to take advantage of this opportunity and send a representative to this school to get the information and experience needed to organize and train local feeding teams. Organizations such as the Dietetic Association, Home Economics Association, Nutrition Council, Restaurant Association as well as compa nies with Nutritionists on their s taffs, and Publications with food sections will find it advantageous to participate in this conference and are invited to send representatives.
The only expense for the course will be meals and lodging which will be available at Fort Benning at a very reasonable price and transportation.
Names and addresses of enrollers s hould be sent to Mr. Phil Cawthon, Deputy Director, Civil Defense Emerge ncy Welfare Services, %9 E. Confederate Ave, S.E. Post Office Box 4839, Atlanta 2, Georgia, as soon as possible in order that they may be registered and provided with detailed information concerning when to arrive, what to bring, how to dress, cost of meals and lodging, etc.

C. P. WHITING, Director, Albony Civil Defense
WHITING IS NEW
DIRECTOR AT ALBANY
Albany Civil Defense took a new lease on life when Mayor J, W. "Taxi" Smith and the City Commission appointed C. P. Whiting as Director, it was reported by Harry U. Jackson, Southwest Area Director for the State of Georgia.
Pete, as everybody calls Mr. Whiting, immediately set about to get the Civil Defense organization moving. Appointing J, P. Watkins, Jr. as his Deputy, the organization got one of the best known and hardest civic workers in Albany. Louis Peacock, local attorney, was selected as Legal Advisor, and the tremendous job of the Public Affairs Division was taken over by James H. Gray, owner and publisher of the Albany Herald and owner of WALB and WALB-TV.
At the request of Director Whiting, Mayor Smith called a meeting of the heads of all civic organizations in Albany to act as an Advisory Council. This Council was organized with R. E. McTigue, Chairman; Chester 0. Lee, Vice-Chairman; and Mrs. W. F. McAfee as Secretary. It was decided by the Council to assign each phase of the Civil Defense break-down to a civic club and so in almost one stroke of the pen most civic clubs were given jobs and the memberships of these clubs comprising hundreds of Albanians were tied directly into the over-all Civil Defense organization.
Now facing Director Whiting is the training program for the various jobs found in the Civil Defense set up. Fortunately, the American Red Cross

Here is a list of items suggested by the St. Louis Office of Civil Defense, for a civil defense automobile e.mergency kit. You may be able to use the idea.
Automobile Survival Kit
2 Wool Blankets, 5 Gallons Gasoline, 5 Gallons Water, Pure; 1 Set Coveralls, 1 Sweater, Heavy; 1 Pair Leather Gloves, 1 Pair Work Gloves, 1 Hand Ax, 1 Hunting Knife, 1 Wool Shirt, 1 Khaki Shirt, 1 Pair Wool Trousers, 1 Pair Khaki Trousers, 1 Hand Compass, 1 Hand Saw, 1 Large Screw Driver, 1 Monkey Wrench- Pliers, 1 1 Shotgun and Shells, 1 Tarpaulin, Canvas -7 x 10,3 Pairs Wool Socks, 1 Pair Heavy,. Shoes, Gl; 1 Civil Defense First Aid Kit, 1 Emergency Food Kit (Conned Foods), 1 Roll Toilet Paper, 1 Both Towel, 1 Bar Soap, 1 Jar or Con of Matches, Waterproof; 1 Length Clothesline, 1 Suit Wool Underwear, Long; Fish Hooks and line.
In trunk space the items listed above take up less space than would be required by three suitcases. The food should be hardration and canned, and sufficient for three days of subsistence. With few exceptions the materials can be found in the average home and little cash outlay isrequired.
Among the towns participating in the Matching Funds program are: Statesboro, Metter, Lyons, Baxley and Alma.
has developed an extensive DisasterPreparedness program, but the training of all those key men will still be a huge task.
In addition to the job of training these citizens, will be the integration of the Civil Defense program with local activities and functions of the fast growing city, including the Fire Department, Police Department, Engineering and Public Works Departments, Health and Sanitation Departments.
With Turner Air Force Base and the largest Marine Depot of Supplies in the eastern part of the United States located at Albany, plans must be coordinated with the Military.
There must also be set up a mutual aid program with towns and cities surrounding Albany.
Completion of this very extensive program will take the work and help of all Albanians.

SEPTEMBER, 1954

3

WOMEN TO MEET AT AUGUSTA NOVEMBER 1OTH

Mrs. Gertrude Harris, Chairman, Women's Advisory Committee for Civil Defense is calling a one day meeting of the committee for Wednesday, November 10 in Augusta, Georgia at the Richmond Hotel. Mrs. G. W. Freiberg, Civil Defense Director for Augusta and Richmond County will serve as hostess.
Georgia's Civil Defense Director,
George J, Hearn, will address this
statewide meeting which will he in the form of an informational conference. Local directors will discuss the contribution of women and women's organizations to the community civil defense program. State presidents of women's organizations will bring reports of civil defense accomplishments and plans for civil defense activities during the coming year. Demonstration of Home Protection Exercises will he included in the agenda.
Mrs. Harris and Mrs. Freiberg advise
that this meeting is not restricted to committee members hut all interested persons over the state are cordially invited to attend and participate, particularly members of women's organizations in and near Augusta and Richmond County.
Georgia welcomes Dr. M. M. VanSant, the new Medical Officer for the Third Region. He made a tour of the region when first appointed, and was well pleased with the present condition of Health Services in Georgia. He is planning a Regional Health Conference to he held in the Georgia State Control Center in Atlanta on October 7.

J. S. Bonner, Southern Bell Telephone Company official, demonstrates a control box used in the new air raid warning system for buildings to Elliott Jackson, Atlanta ci vi I defense director.
CIVITANS SEE BELL & LIGHTS
An air raid warning system for buildings was recently demonstrated before the Atlanta Civitan Club by
Mo. J, S. Bonner, coordinator of
c ivilian defense activities for Southern Bell Telephone Company.
"Our Atlanta siren system is an outdoor system," Mr. Bonner said. " It is not designed to penetrate ins ide buildings, especially if they are air-conditioned and therefore kept. tightly closed."
The warning system for buildings involves installation of hell and light receiving sets, about the size of a telephone. The set includes a hell and lights of four colors.
In case of an attack, a main box located at a central control station would he dialed and the receiving set would ring a signal and light up the color indicating which warning is being .issued.
A yellow light would indicate probable attack with time to take cover; a red light would indicate

THE DIRECTOR SAYS ...
Continued from Page 1
munity level, and (2) participation in civil defense educational and tra in ing programs.
The educator, whether ne he an administrator or teacher, has long heen looked upon as a community leader. He sets an example for others to follow in civic affairs. In civil defense, community leadersh ip is the most important element in the enlistment and training of volunteer civil defense corps.
Don't wait until others volunteer for civil defense. Enlist in your local civil defense programs now and encourage others to do so. Offer your individual services for the big training job that must he done.
C. J, Broome, Jr., editor of tiE Alma
Times, is another young CD leader who has installed in his car a twoway radio in order to he in constant touch with police officers, doctors, the local hospital and others in order to render immediate service to tht> state in case of emer,gency.
imminent attack with no time and a white light would indicate the allclear. A blue light also is included in the set hut as yet it has not been designated as a particular s ignal.
The system was developed by Southern Bell Telephone Company and is now ava ilable. The cost in Atlanta is $80 installation charge and $5.50 monthly service charge for any building in Metropolita n Atlanta.
"Every company ought to have the system installed for the protection of the people it is responsible for,'' said Mr. Bonner.

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THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, George J. Hearn, State Director

rr Vol. 4, No. 10

Atlanta, Ga.

OCTOBER, 1954

CIVIL DEFENSE RELIEVES

EATONTON WATER SHORTAGE

George J. Hearn
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS - - The possibility of an unfriendly nation possessing an atom bomb has now become a reality, and hence the urgent need for public education as to the consequences of the use of s uch a bomb on urban centers of population is apparent to all thinking people. Regardless of political be lief, hopes for a better world , or for peace based on rationality, the unfortunate facts of international affa irs make it incumbent upon us to know, to face, and to do something about the facts of possible atomic warfare. Thirty years ago, just after the end of World War I, our then Secretary of War decisively rejected the proposal to develop our military air power. "We'll stick," he said, "to t he army on the ground and the:: battleship on the sea. " Continued on Page 4

Civil Defense forces were called into action recently to relieve a severe water shortage at Eatonton, Georgia. On Thursday, September 9, after a call from the Governor's office to the State Civil Defense office, an emergency pump and three miles of lightweight 8 inch pipe started rolling out of the Federal Warehouse at East Point. The pipe and pump arrived at Eatonton about 4:30 PM, and by 6:00 PM Friday, water was being pumped into Eatonton's dry reservoir.
The operation was a joint effort by several of the defense agencies. The pipe and pump was furnished by the Federal Civil Defense Administration. The equipment was transported by the 20lst Ordnance Company, Georgia National Guard, which was called to State active duty by Governor Talmadge for this purpose. T he entire operation was engineP.red and supervised by Colonel William F. Kerns, Engineer, State Department of Defense, and Mr. Jack Grantham, Communications Officer of the State Civil Defense Division.
Numerous obstacles were encountered in laying the pipeline, hut all necessary equipment was available by utilizing the emergency equipment on both the State rescue truck and the mobile communications truck, which were rushed to the scene to assist in the elaborate operation.
All north-south streets were blocked in .the city except the mnin

highway, US 441. In order to cross this highway, a 24 ft. high trestle was constructed of welded 4 inch pipe to carry the water pipe overhead for 40ft.
The operation proceeded around the clock until Saturday afternoon when the National Guard and Civil Defense officials returned to Atlanta.
Water was drawn from a private lake about two miles west of the city and pumped to the city's filter plant about a mile east of the city.
STATE DIRECTOR ATTENDED
NATIONAL CD CONFERENCE
George J. Hearn, State Director of Civil Defense of Georgia, attended the National Association of State Civil Defense Directors' conference in Chicago on 28-29-30 September, 1954.
This was the first National Conference that the newly appointed Civil Defense Director for Georgia had attended. He said that he was pleased with the overall progress of Civil Defense throughout the nation especially with Gec:rgia 's standing.
Accompanying General Hearn to the conference were Lieutenant Governor-Elect Ernest Vandiver; General Frank Kopf; Colonel Charles White;
Colonel William Kerns; and, Mr.
James Williamson of Darien, Ga.

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S, E.
GEORGE J . HEARN Dl.rector
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Ollicer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
HARRY U. JACKS ON Southwestern Area Director
HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
WHAT'S NEW IN NORTH
GEORGIA CIVIL DEFENSE
By ]erry Cauble
The potential of the "A" bomb and the "H" bomb imposes a major responsibility on the part of every city and community in this state. The impact of this responsibility has been absorbed by some city officials and rejected by others. In keeping with the general trend to integrate Civil Defense into every city government, Athens has taken a step toward permanency in its CD structure.
The CD Director, Mr. George McDowell, is a person with an engineering background. Mr. McDowe ll has also as a part of his responsibilities the job of real estate appraiser and tax evaluator. Mayor Wells', since CD became activated again in 1951 has given his all-out support. This has been shown by his city's participation in all phases of CD matching funds.
Athens now has one of the most modern Fire Departments due to the addition of two new 750 gallon pumpers. Chief Thompson has been one

MAYOR JACK WELLS, CD Director; George Me Dowell, and Chief Thompson of Athens, Ga., standing in front of the new 750 gallon pumpers secured to strengthen their Civil Defense.

of the most active chiefs in the state qn the promotion of CD Fire Services. Chief Roberts of Police, Mr. Almond of Communications and others have utilized the available CD communications equipment in state alerts.
The Air Force can be justly proud of the splendid work of Mrs. Louise Hodgson and Mr. Snow in the estab-
lishment of one of the first GOC Posts and the first GOC Spotters Clubs in the Southeast. This group was a model after which the Air Defense Command developed their many student programs in High Schools. As a result of the tremendous job turned in by the mayor, CD officials, and Mrs. Hodgson, the Freedom Foundation's award committee se-
lected Athens and Mrs. Hodgson to
receive the medal for outstanding community development in CD.
Mr. McDowell has been successful
in incorporating the Boy Scouts into his program by securing permission to remodel the First Aid Trailer and preparing housing for the emergency generator and the GOC Post.
The State Jayce~ 's and the State Retail Grocers Association exemplify the type of thinking and cooperation being presented by many state organizations in underwriting Civil
Defense. Mr. Hal Salfin of the Jaycee's and Mr. Gatehouse of the Re-
tail Grocers Association have been appointed State Committee chairmen

LT. GOVERNOR ELECT
FORMER STATE CD DIRECTOR
The Staff of the Alert are pleased to announce that our former State Civil Defense Director, Ernest Vandiver, has been elected Lieutenant Governor of Georgia. He will take office early in January and serve for four years.
Lt. Governor Vandiver knows the problems of civil defense, having served for over four years as State Director, and for one year as President of the National Association of State Civil Defense Directors. The people of Georgia are fortunate in having a man with this background to serve in the second highest office within their gift.
We wish him the best of luck in his new office.
LEARN CIVIL DEFENSE! JOIN CIVIL DEFENSE! LIVE CIVIL DEFENSE!
to coordinate individual community projects. These projects will establish a better understanding of community responsibility in CD.
Your Area Director and Major Tom Turbiville want to express their appreciation for the opportunity to appear before numerous state groups last month.

2

OCTOBER, 1954

r

THE ALERT
WARNING SYSTEM'S PROGRESS

Georgia Civil Defense and National Guard forces at work installing emergency pump and pipeline to relieve Eatonton's water shortage. In the picture observing and supervising the installation are: Colonel Harry Brown, FCDA Regional Administrator; General Hearn, State Director of Civil Defense; Lt. Col. Kerns, Engineer, Dept. of Defense; Mr. Davis, superintendent, Eatonton Water Works; Notional Guardsmen and
workers from the city of Eatonton.

OBSERVATIONS
OF THE DIRECTOR
The question: "Why Civil Defen8e?" is being replaced by: "Why don't we (our community) have a Civil Defense Organization?"
And not too strangely, this question is being asked more and more by women.
Women are quick to sense any danger to the home .and their children, and to demand appropriate protective measures.
With the President, State and local leaders warning that dangers lurk in the offing, women don't understand the apathy of man.
Men, lets wake-up, and not have to some day he very, very sorry. See that you have a good Civil Defense Director, and then help him to organize.
(Reprinted from the Tennessee Volunteer)

CONELRAD! It's a new word. One you won't find in Webster's Dictionary. It stands for Control of Electromagnetic Radiation. That's the technical meaning. But what it means to you is this-you will be able to continue to receive, via radio, official information and Civil Defense instructions in the event of an enemy attack on our nation. Without CONELRAD all broadcasting and telecasting would normally have to cease in order to prevent enemyplanes from using radio and television waves to guide them to their targets. But with the CONELRAD plan in operation, AM (Standard) radio stations can safely remain on the air at 640 or 1240 kilocycles, to bring you official information and Civil Defense instructions. Remember-in the event of a Civil Defense emergency, for official information and Civil Defense instructions, dial CONELRAD at 640 or 1240 on your AM (Standard) r.adio.

NEW DIRECTORS APPOINTED SINCE MAY, 1954

Mr. C. P. Whiting ...................... Albany Mrs. T. C. Storey..................... Ashburn Mr. E. G. McCants ..................... Butler Mr. Hamilton Grant ................ Cedartown Mr. John PurgasoJ:"................Hogansville Capt. Roswell B. Daggett ........ LaGrange Mr. Ronald E. Widener ................ Lyons

Mr. W. J. Williamson, Jr.............. McRae

Mr. Phil Chandler .............. Milledgeville

Mr. Lincoln M. Hicks .......... .. Montezuma

Mr. Harvey C. Ellis .............. Oglethorpe

Mr. Vickers Neugent ................ Pearson
Mr. Clifford Bell ........... . ..... Sandersville

Mr. Cecil Johnson

Sylvester

Major cities in the State are progressing rapidly in the installation of warning systems to alert their population in the event of an attack.
Atlanta's system, installed a year ago, has experienced considerable technical difficulty, hut the system is rapidly becoming perfected.
Savannah is presently installing an excellent system composed of nine huge federal Thunderbolt sirens.
Augusta, Macon, and Columbus have approved application for Federal Matching Funds for the procurement of warning devices. The systems have been designed and tested in these cities.
Warning system specialists have been husydesigning and testi g systems throughout the state. The team consists of Mr. Jack Grantham and Colonel William Kerns, who have assisted the various cities in the design of their system and then checked its effectiveness by actually sounding a large truck-mounted sire.n at the various selected locations. Observers with two-way radios have been dispatched to various selected locations throughout the city to report the sound intensity of the siren.
Upon completion of the test, tb:: State Civil Defense Division submits a detailed report with recommendations to the local Civil Defense Director which he may use in making the final decision as to the type and number of warning devices required to adequately alert his city.
Siren tests have been complet~d in the following cities: Macon, Columbus, Valdosta, Savannah, Cobb County, Clayton County, Atlanta, Athens, Griffin, and Albany. Also, at the request of the FCDA regional office, the Georgia Civil Defense siren testing team has conducted tests in Tallahassee, Florida and Greenville, South Carolina.
In the very near future, tests will he arranged for and at the request of the local Civil Defense Director scheduled in the following cities: Rome, LaGrange, Waycross, Brunswick, Dalton, Thomasville, Milledgeville, Gainesville, Moultrie, Americus, Dublin, and Statesboro.

OCTOBER, 1954

3

THE ALERT---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

AIR DEFENSE FACTS
Major Thomas W. Turbiville
On September I, 1954, General Benjamin W. Chidlaw, formerly the Commander of the Air Defense Command became the Commander of the newly created Continental Defense Command. This new Headquarters at Colorado Springs will be the control point for a unified defense of the United States by all our armed forces. In other words the 48 states will henceforth be regarded as a theater of operations.
What caused the formation of this new command? The shocking increase in the ability of the Russians to launch a long range air attack against us. The new Russian T-37 jet bomber does almost everything our new B-52 bomber can do-with one startling new
development. It does it on four less jet engines! Yes-in combat range
(6 ,000 miles) and speed (600 mph) the Russian bomber is nearly equal to ours. The Russians do not have them in quantity yet-but, more are coming off their production lines every day. When she has enough-look out! We can expect a saturation attack at all altitudes.
TbP. Russians do not have 200 airfields within their borders just to practice on, nor is she building her new bombers just to parade over Red Square in Moscow. These things are aimed at us, and anyone who thinks differently has a lot more confidence in Russia than I do. To ignore this situation would be sheer suicide.
The leadership in our towns, cities and communities must recognize this and prepare, not only the Ground Observer Corps, but all of Civil Defense as well.

THE DIRECTOR SAYS ...
Continued from Page 1
That short-sighted decision set this country back a decade in the development of a strong air force and endangered the winning of World War
n.
Many people agreed with the Secretary of War. We had just fought and won a war to end all wars. What did we want with a new-fangled air force?
We finally got our air force, but before we got it our country came closer to losing a war, World War II, than ever before in its history.
Civil Defense today is in the same situation as the airplane of thirty years ago. Too many people impulsively and emotionally, without examining the facts, reject civil defense, and as a result our Congress, reflecting the will of the people, give civil defense half-hearted suppoll't.
Political parties and officials in representative government must speak the voice ann execute the will of the majority. That is as it should be in a democracy-public will must always be supreme.
Whenever the people of America are thoughtful or impulsive, steadfast or vacillating, the legislatures, the Congress, and Washington are thoughtful or impulsive, steadfast or vacillating.
But impulsiveness and vacillation in the modern world could spell disaster for democracy. We're faced with two enemies-the threat of communism from without, the threat of thoughtless error from within.
Communism does not vacillate. It

has never swerved from its avowed purpose of global domination a~d of wiping democracy off the face of the earth.
In our country, when it was young, uneducated and primitive, we evolved a few simple and fundamentally sound principles. Although we have surged from philosophical extreme to extreme, those fundamental principles first adopted by our founding fathers have managed to survive. Nothing. ails them that cannot be cured by thoughtful treatment by our people. Most of our internal ills have arisen because we have too often answered vital questions in terms of irresponsible emotionalism.
I believe that in our spiritual freedom from fear, and in our American determination to defend all that we have and are, at whatever cost, and the aspirations of all free people as well, there lies our last great hope of peace upon this earth.
And I believe that hope will prevail. The power of our individual and collective American faith is limless. It is and always will be the ultimate solution td any ultimate weapon, in any age of peril.
Fibber McGee and Old Timer, characters on a popular radio show were given ADC awards for their work on the GOC program on September 14.
I ~
William Hoppe, World's Billiard Champion, was awarded a 500-hour certificate for sky-watching at the OP o.>n top of the Walnut Park Plaza Hotel, Pennsylvania. Mr. Hoppe became interested in the GOC while living at the hotel.

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I LIBRARY
1954 THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civi I Defense Division, George J. Hearn, State Director

Vol. 4, No. 11

Atlanta, Ga.

November, 1954

Peacetime Value of Civil Defense

George J. Hearn
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS -- The time has come when, if Amer-ica is to survive, we must have a complete re-examination of our defenses, both military and civil. Living within our income is an admirable desire, however, in order to enjoy that happy privilege, it is firstnecessary to live. The development of therm<>-nuclear weapons by potential enemies make it mandatory that we reevaluate, restudy, andrevi se our entire civil defense structure. The Congress . of the United States, the Legislatures of the various States, and our cities must
give top priority to civil defense, if we are to be spared utter destruct i on.
The Congress and the Military Experts emphasize the super-structure of our security and neglect its
Continued on Page 4

Many of our citizens have paid little or no attention to ourCivil Defense program. Others have laughed and scoffed at such a program, while some short-sighted people have actually claimed that it is just a waste of tax-payers money by another government bureau.
We recommend to all these groups the case of the Civil Defense and the present drought in Georgia and some of our neighboring states. When the public water supply was exhausted at Eatonton, where did the Governor turn when an appeal for aid was made to him? He asked the State Civil Defense office to furnish several miles of pipe and pumps to provide the necessary water. His request was complied with promptly with an assist from the Georgia National Guard.
Other Georgia communities found that the Civil Defense department could render such vital assistance and immediately made similar requests. Bremen, Dallas and several other communities were provided with vital water. South Carolina and North Carolina towns asked Georgia for assistance.
These drought stricken areas have seen what Civil Defense workers and equipment can do in an emergency not connected with war or disaster. They have some idea now what this same organization could do in case of enemy attack.
May we all wake up to the value and necessity for a well organized Civil Defense program before it is

too late. Reprinted from the-
Atlanta Metropolitan Herald Thursday, October 21, 1954
FEDERAL AGENCIES ACTIVE IN CIVIL DEFENSE
NATIONAL: Five Federal agencies were made responsible on September 8th for specific emergency duties in case of attack. President Eisenhower approved these delegations-the second of a series-by the FCDA. The Secretary of Agriculture is responsible for combatting biological and chemical warfare against animals or crops, preventing and controlling enemy-caused fires in rural areas, and maintaining adequate emergency food supplies for attacked or support areas. The Secretary of Commerce is responsible for designation, use, coordination, and emergency clearance and restoration of highway and street s.ystems, and emergency traffic control. The Secretary of Labor is responsible for the development of a plan to meet CD manpower needs during a CD emergency. The Attorney General is responsible for the protection of penal institutions and the control and use of prisoners and facilities during a CD emergency. The Housing and Home Finance Administrator is responsible for protective standards for new housing construction and temporary shelter in existing housing, planning for the provision of
Continued on Page 4

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Cc.nfec/erat& Ave., S.E.
GEORGE J. HEARN Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS CoorJi!'ator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
A. MACK DODD Central Area Director
HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director
HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area DireCtor

REGIONAL HEALTH MEETING
Dr. M. M. Vansandt, Regional Medical Officer called in representatives from the Health Services of states in Region III on October 7 for a discussion on the medical aspects of the emergency likely to he caused by an H bomb. Result& of the blast in the Pacific were reviewed and previously announced plans for an emergency were altered to fit the new situation.
Other Regional representatives present were Colonel Harry Brown, Administrator, and Dial Sweeney, Supply Officer. R. H. Hutcheson of Tennessee and Charles W. Flynn of Mississippi were other state medical officers present. Georgians present
were Dr. Lester Petrie, Dr. Edgar Dunstan, Dr. Charles Dowman, Dr.
John Chriesherg and Mildred Pryse. Red Cross was represented by John R. Russell and Admiral ~eorge D. Dowling.

REGIONAL
GROUND OBSERVER CORPS
PLANNING CONFERENCE
The latest of several annua I Regional Grot.ad Observer Corps Planning Conferences was held in Atlanta at the Henry Grady Hotel on October 12. This was by far the best conference to date.
Beside& the several Southeastern States' Civil Defense Directors or their representatives, Filter Center administrative supervisors, ,Air Force officers and special guests, the Air Defense Command and The Advertising Council were well represented. The chairman for the conference, Brigadier General E. W. Suarez of Central Air Defense Force, kept the whole affair running smoothly. Interesting and informative talks were made by Colonel John M. Price of our own 35th Air Division dt Dobbins AFB, Colonel Owen Clarke of Headquarters, United States Air

CALLING CAR 391

Force, Colonel Barney Oldfield of
NEW CIVIL DEFENSE MANUAL HQ, Air Defense Command, Major

'Car 391 to Atlanta" has become

Maurice Morrison of Central Air De-

a familiar ring in the ears of the

A new civil defense hooklet en- fense Force and Mr. Hector Perrier

Georgia State Patrol radio operators titled, "Manual For Georgia Hos- of .the Advertising Council.

during the recent weeb. Car 391 is pitals in Civil Defense" has just

Major General George J. Hearn

the State Civil Defense Communica- been released and is being received our Civil Defense Director welcomed

tions Mobile Control Center, and the with enthusiasm throughout the the Conferees to Georgia and one of

Communications Coordinator, Jack State.

the highlights of the day was a

Grantham, has used it in helping to

This 45 page manual was prepared speech by Lt. Governor- nominee

install emergency water supplies to by the Division of Hospital Services, Ernest Vandiver.

cities that have been hit by the Georgia Department of Public Health.

The significant news of the GOC

drought.

It contains many interesting features, expansion brought to the conference

The truck is used for communication from the emergency area to the State Headquarters, as well as communication from one end of the water

such as, "Casualty Evacuation and Mutual Aid"; "Pattem For Individual Hospital Plan"; "Emergency Ex pansion of Facilities", and others.

by Colonel Brown Mayall of HQ , Air Defense Command, should more than convince those who have doubted the seriousness of the Air Defense

line to the other in determining the

Anyone desiring a copy of this situation up 'til now. All 48.states

amount of the flow of water and in manual may write to tne Civil De- will shortly he active in the Ground

giving orders when to start and stop fense Division, 959 E. Confederate Observer Corps. The terrific expan-

the pumps. Cities affected by the Ave., S. E., or to Civil Defense sion of Soviet long range aircraft

drought were Eatonton, Commerce, Health Services Division, Room capability, makes GOC a must for

Bremen, Fayetteville, Palmetto, and 247, State Office Building, Atlanta.

all states. In addition, many states

Dallas. Also, during the work on these

Car 391 has actively participated in

now on "standby" duty will, in the near future, go to 24 hour full time

emergency water lines, hurricane work during the recovery of bodies duty. Plans will he announced at a

"Hazel" played her part in hamper- of four drowned persons, traffic con- later date for this phase of the

ing the State Civil Defense people trol at a water carnival, air raid program.

because constant contact had to he siren tests for cities all over the

During the day, two television

maintained with the Weather Bureau State, and in one fire.

shows with Brigadier General J ohn

to determine the need for aid along

The truck is about two months old B. Cary, Commander of the 35th Air

the coast.

at this time and has been in con- Division, General Hearn, Colonel

In addition to the water shortage, stant use since it was procured.

Clarke, Colonel Mayall and Colonel

2

NOVEMBER, 1954

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT
A. MACK DODD APPOINTED AREA DIRECTOR

New litter-cot used by New York (State) Civil Defense in the handling of litter patients. The lightweight aluminum units, can be used as a temporary hospital bed. Manufactured by Simmons Tool Corporation.
(Aluminum Company of America)

PRIMITIVE LIVING

MASS FEEDING SCHOOL

According to California CD Newsle tter, 100 teen-age members of the Seventh Day Adventists recently spent four days in a national forest living on an unsupplemented diet of bracke n fern, fir tree tips, etc. It was an experiment to show how P.Va cuees of bombed cities could live temporarily on wild forest plants. No ill effects resulted. The exercise in wilderness survival was supervised by a naturalist and an expert on the use of wild plan'ts as food.
Oldfield participating, were given over stations WLW-A-TV and WAGATV of Atlanta. The Air Detense and GOC programs 'Vere discussed.
Many of the conferees visited the Air Forces' mobile television station, the l354th Video Squadron at he Southeas tern Fair Grounds on the night of the 12th. The Airmen and civilian volunteers of the Atlanta Filter Center and the personnel of the Video Squadron put on a fine show for the visitors.
All in all this Conference was a success in both arrangement and information presented. Much credit is due those responsible. Future conferences prepared along these lines will be beneficial to our entire Air Force -Civil Defense relationship.

Julia Hawk
What will be likely to happe n to survivors in case of a disaster such as an atomic explosion?
It was all explained at an Emergency Mass Feeding School at F ort Benning, September 21-22, a 3chool representing the food division of the Civil Defense Program. The classes, composed of two groups, were taught the infantry way to cook on improvised equipment made from available materials in a disaster area. They in tum, will be leaders in their communities in training other citizens.
Third Army officials taught the civiliai< group essentially, the same that they teach infantrymen. The lessons included a primer course for purifying and storing of water, how to determine how much water will be needed per capita, the chemical effects of radiation from an atomic explosion, and how to build grills, ovens, and other necessary feeding equipment with salvaged items from .a disaster area.
All the civilians training in the course were directly connected to food preparation in various ways. None were really amateurs, yet, under the circumstances, few knew where to begin when they were given "orders" (the second day of the school) to reconstruct and cook in a

NOVEMBER, 1954

Mr. A. Mack Dodd, prominent Maconite, was appointed Civil Defense Area Director for Central Georgia on 8 October, 1954, by General George
J. Hearn.
Due to the increased activity in Civil Defense, General Hearn stated that it was necessary to increase the number of Area Directors in the State of Georgia to four. Mr. Dodd's Area w1ll embrace approximately forty counties in Central Georgia. General Hearn also commented that the primary purpose of Area Directors was to assist the Local Civil Defense Director in carrying out his p!7ogram.
Mr. Dodd has an outstanding war record in both World War I and II and now holds a commission as a Lieutenant Colonel in the Air Force Reserve. He has been most active in other civic organizations in Macon, and served as a member of the City Council of Macon for six years.
Mr. Dodd is married and resides with his wife, Mildred, in Macon, Ga.
serving area a meal of their own devising.
As the graduation meal, which was no small accomplishment, numbers of minor adjustments had to be made to get the "stoves" the desired temperatures. The first school served for its graduation menu: soup, pea or bean (dehydrated), beef stew, milk (dehydrated), baking powder biscuits, fruit cocktail, iced drink and coffee.
To follow through on the step by step serving of the meals, the diners formed a line, naturally, and were reminded that they must wash their hands at a "rig" composed of two gallon tin cans (with handles, and suspended on a piece of pipe held horizontally with two forked poles), one marked "soapy water," the other marked "rinse water." Next they were issued eating utensils, and even though they were shining, they had to be dipped in boiling water by each person before the food was placed on the tray.
Continued on Page 4
3

,I

.,.

THE ALERT-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE DffiECTOR SAYS:

or they would not act as . they 'do about civil defense. The citizens of

and fumble" with over the next few years. It is a job that must he done

Continued from Page 1

America must demand -that their Cop.gressmen and their Senators

right now. We have been buying precious time in Korea and by our

very foundation- the individual cit- learn more about the National and strong stand against aggression

izen.

International situation as it really e-lsewhere in the world. However,

America can create the greatest exists- more about the potentiali- we have been wasting that time far

of military machines; develop the ties of the nuclear and thermo-nu- more rapidly than we have been us-

ultimate in defense production; stop clear devices- and particularly, ing it. The people of this country

inflation and win every round of the about civil defense.

have been encouraged to ignore the

diplomatic game and still lose the

Until this is done and until the danger that gets blacker by the

next wru:- unless the very heart of people are certain that everything hour. Because of its recognized

the entire effort gets behind it.

possible is being done to protect ' leadership as a part of the Federal

I am talking about an informed them and their families against ca- Government, the Congress is looked

and organized, trained and protec- tastrophe on the home front through to by the people to give them posi-

ted public in every hamlet, town and an adequate civil defense program, tive guidance on what they must do

city in the country. A public that this country will he ripe to lose the to protect themselves and their

knows what we are up against in an next war if the enemy starts it.

homes. Civil defense nationally and

atomic war-what can happen and

Quite obviously the Congress has locally can never he more than Con-

why- what to do if it does happen- failed to recognize or admit what gress permits it to he by its action

what is at stake and why it must

the home front and public would he and its attitudes.

stand fast and fight, with the fury

up against in another war. This is

The time to act is now. We cannot

that only an American is capable of- not an easy fact to face hut one vacillate; we cannot hesitate; we

a public which has been told and which should have been recognized cannot turn hack. Our defenses must

knows in its heart that it is the many' many months ago.

he elastic; yet they must he com-

really important part of our whole

There is no better evidence of plete, ifwe expect to retain our way

national defense effort. I am de- the soundness of civil defense than of life.

lighted that President Eisenhower the money and efforts expended on

My earnest prayer is that every

is revamping the government's pol- it by the States and Cities, the American citizen will do his utmost;

icy on secret data so that the indi- Press, and the people during the we cannot afford to have too little

vidual can he better informed.

past three years. Yet the Congress ~oo late.

The informed members of Congress should know that we cannot win a war without the public, without the whole-hearted support of the individual citizen. The military strategists know it, the production experts know it- everybody knows it hut the public, and apparently most .of the Congress. Every Congressman

ignored those appropriations and efforts, and broke faith with the States and Cities and the more than tlree million civil defense volunteers who have sacrificed a great deal to take part in active civil defense work.
The Congress has been told repeatedly that this country is in

Continued from Page 3
In a food company, the members ~e trained to assemble and disassemble the cooking equipment, make underground ice boxes, root cellars, and ~uspended screened food boxes (for sugar, flour, etc).
Continued from Page 1

and every Senator has the opp<;~rtun grave danger right now and has been temporary ' emergency housing in

ity to obtain information on the for a long time. That danger of war support of devastated areas, and

National and International situation and attackon our cities will become emergency restoration of ess.ential

by our military experts in Wash- more acute as the weeks go by. housing and related facilities. (New-

ington. But, evidently they are not They must realize that civil defense York Times Service-Detroit Free

taking advantage of these briefings is not something they can "fiddle

Press 9/9 871-03)

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THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, ueorge J. Hearn, State Director

Vol. 4, No. 12

Atlanta, Ga.

December, 1954

CIVIL DEFENSE WOMEN MEET IN WASHINGTON, D.C.

The National Women's Advisory

Committee of Federal Civil Defense

Administration met in Washington ,

. ; r: D.C., on October 26-27, with Mrs. Katherine G. Howard , Special Advisor to the Administrator, presiding. There were approximately one hundred women present.

In order to have a basis for dis-

George J. Hearn
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS -- -

cussion at all sessions "Basic Planning Assumptions of FCDA", was presented by Ralph Spear, Assistant Administra tor , Planning Staff, "Evacuation And Dispe rsal" by Barent Landstreet, Operations Con-

Now that the end of the year is ap- trol Services and "Civil Defense

proaching, I want to take this oppor-

Atomic Tests" by Harold L. Good-

tunity to show my appreciation for

win, Dire ctor, Atomic Test Opera-

the fine spirit you who have been

tion at the first session.

doing the spade work in Civil De-

President Eisenhower addressed

fense have shown in the face of se-

the Conference emphasizing that in

vere difficulties.

this day when war can be waged on

Our great state was beset this

our soil we have the same duties as

year by tornadoes and drought. The

the men at the front and we must

minds of our citizens were occupied

prepare ourselves -mind, heart,

by many_distracting influences, yet

spirit and body for what is on our

the splendid cooperation of the Civil

doorstep. We must overcome our re-

D"efense Directors, those who make

luctance to do something construc-

up your staffs and others have

tive even thou gh it be the little

brought the Georgia Civil Defense

routine things. We must understand

organization to a place where it has

that what we are doing will lessen

received national recognition.

the chance of our homes and lives

On behalf of our Governor, Herman

being destroyed a nd guarantee the

Talmadge, as well as myself, I want

preservation of the American system

to thank each and every one of you

of Freedom and Liberty.

for your splendid efforts during the

Mrs. Jean Wood Fulle r, Dire ctor

past year. We have more obstacles

of Women's Activities was presen-

to overcome during the coming year

ted at the luncheon and Mrs . Ro bert

and just as the rough surface of a

Wilson, ational Director Office o~

Continued on Page 4

Volunteers, American Na tional Red Cross gave a report on her trip to Great Britian. All the women atte nding the Conference were introduced and had an opportunity to tell where they were from and what they do.
The afternoon session featured Mrs. Charles Clode, Director Civil Defense Department, Women's Voluntary Services of Great Britian and Miss Rita Lewis, Training Officer Women's Voluntary Services. Mrs. Clode used as the theme for her message, "Women Aware of Strength."
Miss Lewis dealt with what they train women to do, how the training program is set up, where instructors are secured and technique for maintaini ng interest. Out of her experience she advised against recruiting volunteers until a training program has been developed and instructors are available.
The Conference closed with a luncheon session at which Governor Val Peterson spoke.
NEW FLORIDA DIRECTOR
Former State Representative James E . Keezel of Winter Park has been appointed to the post of State CD Director for F lorida. He succeeds Col. R. G. Howie who died last August. He has been a ctive in Civil Defense in the past and should fit into the place with little study.

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPAflTME T OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
GEORGE J. HEARN Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
WILLIAM F. KERNS Engineering Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
A. MACK DODD Central Area Director
HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director
HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
"ATOMIC CASUALTIES"
COURSE AT WALTER REED
The Office of the Surgeon General of the Army has been conducting a 10 day course on "Medical Care of Atomic Casualties" at the Army Medical Service Graduate School (Walter Reed Army Medical Center), Washington, D.C. The next two courses will be held on January 10-19, 1955 and March 7-16, 1955. The course is free. All travel and lodging expenses must be borne by the individual attending, or by the state or local organization which he represents. Non-military personnel may, if space is available, stay at the Bachelor Officers Quarters at Walter Reed Army Medi~al Center at a cost of approximately $1.00 a day. There is ample cafeteria and snack facilities at the post for which the charges are nominal. Physicians attending the course are, moreover, guests of the Commandant of the School and may dine at the Officer's Mess . It is possible that arrangements can be made through the Council on National Defense for physicians interested in attending.
2

FOUR ATLANTA FOOD SPECIALISTS build an emergency feeding area at Fort Ben ning. Left to right are Mrs. Mildred M. Smith of 206 Colonial Homes Circle, N.W., Miss Lois Connon of the Fulton County Schools, Harold Willhom of Davis Brothers Cafeteria and Mrs. Francis Ferrill, home economist of the Agricultural t.:arketing Service, U.S. Deportment of Agriculture. They ore among 120 nutritionists, civil defense workers and public officials attending the two-day sessions of the Emergency Moss Feeding School. Sponsored by the Regional Federal Civil Defense Administration and the Third Army, the training program is being held at Fort Benning for the
second year. (Credit: US Army Photo)

REGIONAL WOMEN MEET
Atlanta Metropolitan Area Civil Defense, and the Civil Defense Division, Georgia Department of Defense were co-sponsors of a Regional Women's Civil Defense Conference held at the Henry Grady Hotel on Nove mber 3.
The agenda covered such subjects as Dual Responsibilities of Civil Defense, Current Aspects of Evacuation, Planning to Meet Human Needs Under Disaster Conditions, Safe Food and Water In An Emergency, Emergency Medi cal, Hospital and Nursing Services and Home Protection.
The meetin g was highlighted by talks by Mrs. Charles Clode, M.B. E ., and Miss Rita Lew is, two representatives of the Women's Voluntary Services of Great Britian who are making a tour of key American cities to spur interest in Civil Defense and give Americans the benefit of wartime experience in England. Mrs. Clode spoke on "What British Women are Doing in Civil Defense" and

BARTON NEW SECRETARY
Frank W. Barton, a Washington attorney, has been appointed as Secretary to the Council on National Defense of the American Medical Association. This position was formerly held by Mr. C. Joseph Stetler, who recently became Director of the Law Department" of the American Medical Association.
CD GAS MASKS HERE
The Army Chemical Center has developed a gas mask for civilian use. It is of one piece construction, incorporating a filter pad and plastic eyepiece. The cost is to be between five a nd seven dollars and may be procured with matching funds. A sample has been received in the State Civil Defense office. It will protect against all chemical gases, including the new nerve gas.
Miss Lewis on "Great Britian's Experience in Training for Civil .De-' fens e." Their demonstrations gave insight into the problems confronting both our countr ies.

THE ALERT

EAST PmNT-CIVIL DEFENSE

block' parents taking charge until

FARR IS RACES OFFICER

By, Mrs. Lois Braswell

such time as they can be returned to

. Deputy Dirt:ctor .

their parents

Andrew Jack Farr, well known

.. Civil Defense interest in East Point has reached an all time high, a nd we are rapidly getting our community service d-eveloped. "
We have a population of between 3 5 ~000 and 40,000 at this time and have set JUne 1, 1955 as the date we hope to have this organization completed.
At the present time we have divided our city into four zones (according to our voting zones) a chief warden has been appointed to head each zone. He in turn has appointed two assistants. When . this task was completed, each chief and assistants met with the local" office and large maps were made of: their area which was at that tim~ brok,;;~ d.own into districts, ranging from 10 to 16 ~ccording to the density of population. It then became the. responsibility of the three zone men to iiecure district w.ardens. After this was completed, each districl: w arden chose his or her assis-
i'n t~hts an.d they turn are gradually
getting their block wardens. In some of our sections this is all completed. Others are 'nearing completion.
After we secured our personnel, the first thing we did , was to take a complete C'e nsus of every man, woman

In addition to this work, we are training our school children to _take care of themselves in the school, should we have a disaster while they are there. Every child in East Point from the 4th through the 7th grades will be trained in "emergency action to save lives"- this is a four hour course and approximately 2500 children have already received this training.
We believe that one of the reasons for the interest in East Point at this time is due to the cooperation given by our Mayor and Council, as well as the heads of our existing services.
WOMEN ADVISORS MEET
IN AUGUSTA
The Georgia Women's Advisory Committee for Civil Defense met in
Augusta on November 10 with Mrs.
G. W. Freiberg, Director and the Augusta Civil Defense Corps serving as hosts, This meeting completed a series of conferences for women leaders of the State held in the five target cities. There were one hundred and one registered representing twenty-eight organizations and twenty-one cities.

Hapeville amateur Radio Operator, has been appointed State RACES Radio Officer by General GeOfge j, Hearn, State Civil Defense Director.
Mr. Farr will assist Jack Grantham, State Communications Coordinator, in the operation 'of the State Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service, and Lt. Carl Matson with the Warning System.
Mr. Farr's duties will include orgarlization, rria intenance, readiness, and utilization of radio communications facilities for civil defense use.
For some time Mr. Farr has been responsible for the maintenance of the radio equipment in the State Control Center, and he is now entering into the building 9f the RACES Net which is composed of Radio Amateurs throughout the State who can qualify for this service.
Seven new operators were licensed this month under the Plan and their names and Call Letters follow:
Mose Carter, Pelham, W4FWP;
William C. Clarke, Decatur, W4EPM;
Albert E. Coburn, Jr., Tifton, W4SHR; Kermit E. Gay, Millen, W4VJH; Elder T. Holbrook, Athens, W4VYN; Wm. C. Lundquist, Atlanta, W4LXR; ] ames T. Schliestett, Cedartown, W4/MQ.

and child. in the blocks. As these are being complete~, four records are made of each; one for the local office ; 'the chief w~rden, the district wa.rden and the blo~k warden. At the

Mrs. Jean Wood Fuller who came to the FCDA Staff on September 1, as Director of Women's Activities mitde her first official visit to Geo~ gia and was the feature speaker at

]oin your local GROUNDOBSERVER CORPS -Now!
EARLY AIR RAID WARNING

same time the .wardens are able to the morning session pointing up the

IS ALMOST IN SIGHT

make' ia 'biock : map showing each accomplishment of women in the

h6me or apartment., the location of Civil Defense program as well as

Harold L. Goodwin of Battle Creek,

each shelter in same, and also has bringing a challenge to our women Mich., Deputy Assistant Administra-

an inventory of available. equipment to find their place of seiVice.

tor for the Federal Civil Defense

and supplie's that can be brought in when needed. Some of our blocks

NEW FILM RELEASED

Administration, stated that within 18 months American cities should have

have also completed their block per-

the assurance of two and one half to

sonnel, including the block parents,

A new movie was released by six hours of warning of an enemy at-

etc.

FCDA on December 6 for television tack.

In each of our four zones we have and organization showings called

Mr. Goodwin told a National Med-

a recreation building, equipped with "A New Look at the H-Bomb." This ical CD Conference that while the

kitchen, and some sleeping facili- picture shows the effect of the "fall Federal Government was concerned

ties, these buildings will take care out" from a hydrogen bomb blast and with improvement of warning plans

of several hundred children in an tells some of the things that may be "the cities must also be concerned

> emergency. In the event any section done to escape its effects.

with determining exactly how much

is damaged, the children will be

Each State CD Director was sent warning time is necessary for their

movt;.d to these buildings with the a copy of the film.

individual plans."

. '.

3

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------

AIR DEFENSE .FACTS

CONTRIBUTIONS MANUAL

THE DIRECTOR SAYS:

Major T. W. Turbiville

Thanks are in order this month to

the Georgia Far'm.Bureau Federation

members all over the State for their

indorsement and promised support

of Civil Defense and the Ground Ob-

server C.orps.



.

The following ~esolution ~as

passed: "We s.~pport the Civil .Defense
and Ground Observer Corps pro@-am~

in the State of Georgia and we rec-

ommend .that the State Offic!! of the Georgia Farm Bureau Federatio~

work with the United States Air

Force .and the Civil Defense of the

State .of Georgia in , implementing ef-

forts tqwards protecting American

lives."

This poliqy calling for action by

all 45,QOO members of the Georgia

Farm Bureau Federation in the State of Georgia , . ~as. establi~hed- by the

voting delegate body of .the Georgia

F~rm 1;3ureau Federation at tht;ir

16th annual c.onve ntion .in , Augusta

on ovember 3rd, .1954,.

Thi-s Coordinator spoke before

the Convention . on the increased
Russia,n Air threa\ t~ this country

and the increased need for more Ground Obse,rv.er C~rps Volunteers on suburban and rural Ground Obser~ ver Posts. The St~te Civil Defense

/>.rea Directors, Jerry Cauble of At-

lanta, Harry Jackson of Cuthbert,

A. .Mack Dodd of MacoJl and Hoyle

Yandle of Lyons all met with the

de leg~tes fo~ .further ;eonsultation.

Action to put t_he Georgia Farm Bu-

reau Federation program into effect

will begin in the near future. County

and Community Farm Bureau Chapters are expecte~ to direct their cO-

The FCDA today announced publication of the latest revisions to its Contributions manual, which tells states and commu'nities how they can get p.eeded civil defense equipment and materials with FCDA paying half the cost.
The manual gives state and local 9vil Defense official~ complete information on the $13,000,000 matchingfunds program Congress approved earlier this year.
The states can match this $13,000,000 on a dollar-for-dollar basis tomake a total of $26,600,000 available tliis fiscal year for: . Attack- Warning, such as sirens and circuits; Communications equipment and control centers; MeJical supplies imd equipment, such as a 200-be~ improvised hospital; Biological, chemical and radiological warfare defense, such as gas masks; Traini~g courses for CD workers, such as warden, rescue and firstaid; Welfare and emergency Mass feeding supplies, such as blankets, cots, emergency. cooking equipment; Engineering items, such as emergency generators for hospitals; Public information and education items, such as booklets, or radio, .TV, and motion pic,ture materials.
~ntitled "Federal Contribu~ions" the manual is on sale for $1.25 by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington .25, D. C.
operative efforts through local City and Co.unty Civil Defense Directors. They will b~ assisted by the State Civil Defense staff and the Air Defense Filter Centers in Atlanta and S~vannah, Georgia, Knoxville, Tennessee and Jacksonville, Florida.

Continued from Page 1
grindstone cuts' away at the steel of a knife making it sharper for the
r work to come, know that the suc-
cessful overcoming of our troubles of the past year will make us more fit to meet and overcome the difficulties of the year yet ahead of us.
I wish to extend to all of those who have. joined hands with me in this important job of Civil Defense my best wishes for an enjoya.ble holiday season.
May you receive from Him who placed us all on this earth blessings that are proportional to the unselfish devotion you have shown to a cause that has as its object only the helping of others-; Civil Defense.
BIG MEDICAL STOCKPILE
The FCDA n,ow has medical backup supplies totalling ninety-one million dollars already delivered in sixteen federal warehouses strategically lo.cated across the country. There is an additiop.al thirty-Tline million dollars on order making a total of one-hundred-thirty million dollars worth of medical supplies procured in ~iscal year 1952 through 1955.
The improvised hospital is an adaptation of the Mobile Army Surgical Hospital unit which proved so successful in Korea. Procurement has been started on 731 such hospital~ for federal reserve, while the states ha,ve ordered 93 through the 50/50 matching funds program. Present planning calls for 6,000 such
hospitals -1 ;ooo ~o be procured by
the States and 5,000 for' federal reserves

..

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E GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, George J. Hearn, State Director

Vo l. 5, No. 1

Atlanta, Ga.

January, 1955

GEORGE HEARN R"EAPPOINTED

George J. Hearn
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS - - Many things have happened in the world in the past year. Weapons of greater destructiveness have been tested . There are more such weapons in the world than there were a year ago. There are better airplanes to carry them than there were a year ago. and the end of man's ability to create destructive weapons does not seem to be in sight. When we read about new weapons being developed and new airplanes being created to carry those weapons, we must be careful not to let our imaginations run away and assume that now there is nothing that can be done about it and that doomsday is here. When you read that somebody has made one of these weapons, remember it takes some time before duplicates of it can be produced and they can be gotten into the right packages and the right
Continued on Page 4

ADJUTANT GENERAL
Major General George ]. Hearn of Monroe, Georgia, was reappointed Adjutant General and Civil Defense Director of Georgia, by Governor Marvin Griffin.
General Hearn was originally appointed to the above positions by Governor Herman Talmadge last June when Ernest Vandiver resigned.
All Georgians are very fortunate in the appointment of General Hearn to be the head of the State Department of Defense. He has served thirty years in the Georgia National Guard and has been active in the Georgia Civil Defense Program since its inception in early l95l.
General Hearn has a distinguished military career. He was born in Georgia in 1907, and has been in Georgia ever since. He enlisted as a private in the Howitzer Company of the l2lst Infantry, Ga. N.C. in 1925 and served in every grade through 2d Lieutenant. Whe n his unit was changed to Coast Artillery Corps in 1939 he remained with it as an officer and commanded Battery B, 214th CAC,AA when inducted into the service in 1940.
He was discharged March 9, 1946 and when the National Guard was reactivated he became Colonel and Executive Officer of the IOBth AAA Brigade. He was again inducted into the service for the Korean fracas and after serving nearly two years he came out as a Brigadier General. Upon reactivation of the brigade he became its commander with headquarters at Winder.
He has also been active in civic matters, serving as Mayor of Monroe, an Elder in the Christian Church, and Worshipful Master of his Lodge. He is also a member of the Elks, Shrine, 40 and 8, and is a Past Departmental Commander of the American Legion.
He is married to the former Miss Nell Potts of Mansfield, Ga., and they live in Monroe where he is a partner with his brother in the hardware business. One son, George]., Ill is a student at the University of Georgia.

OPERATION "GO HOME"

The city of Albany, N.Y., held an evacuation drill on the afternoon of November 12 in which the population of downtown Albany was cleared out in 56 minutes, an estimated 65,000 workers. The alert came at 3:32 P.M., and in thirty minutes automatic checkers on Washington Street showed that over 5,000 vehicles had traveled that street.

Col. Alfred H. Jacobson, CD Director, hailed this as a fine example of the study of "thinning out" the downtown population in spite of the fact that about 25,000 people started home early to avoid the rush.
Bill Skirving , PIO, said that the cooperation of press and radio was Qlle of the big factors in making it a success.

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S. E.
GEORGE J. HEARN Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T . WHITE Public Information Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer
JERRY CAUDLE Northern Area Director
A. MACK DODD Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
MATCHING FUND PROGRAM
POPULAR THIS YEAR
The 1955 Fiscal Year Federal
Contributions program is well ~nder
way at th.is time and is being re ce1ved With great enthusiasm in communities throughout the State. Through this program, popularly known as the Ma~ching Funds Program, communities may receive federal aid up to 50% of the cost of procuring Civil Defense Equipment.
Mayors and local Civil Defense ~irector~ are urged to carefully study mformat10nal letter No. 54 issued by the State Civil Defense Division to determine the equipment they wish to purchase under this year's program and make their desires known to th e State Director of Civil Defense as soon as possible.
The State of Georgia has been allocated $253,000 for contributions ~his year and a lthough the program IS but a scant two months old requests have already been received to obligate more than $30,000 of these fu~~s. Major items of equipment ehgtble for this assistance fall into the following catagories: Warning, Rescue, Training and Education, Communications, Welfare, Engineering, Health and Special Weapons. Again municipal officials ~re urge.d to expedite sending their 1nformat10n into the State Office.
2

THE TIFTON Corps float in

J t

AY he

CEES emphasized mammouth iVeteran

scI~

1
I

0 e fe~se

by

presenting

a

G.round

Observer

Miss Jackie Fletcher was picked to ' d ayh paflra e .at Tifton (of course, the shapely,

.

rl e t e oat 1n preference to J

d

to en I1st more volunteers in th e Groun d Ob server Corpas). aycee 1n or er

FCDA STAFF COLLEGE
by A. Mack Dodd, Area Director, Central Georgia
It was my good fortune to be a student at the Federal Civil Defense College, Olney, Maryland (just outside Washington) for the Admin istra-
tive Course December 5 through 9
and the Operations Course December 13 through 17. I was highly impressed with subject matter and the manner of presentation. The staff is extremely well versed in all phases of Civil Defense and I am satisfied that I am in a much better position now to do my job as an Area Director here in Georgia.
The students at the college are provided very comfortable quarters and good food. Anyone interested in ~ttend in? these courses may receive mformat10n concerning the different types of classes and dates on which they wi 11 be held by writing to the
DDeirpeacrttomr,entCoivf iDl efDeenfseen,se959DEiv.isCioonn~
federa.te Avenue, S.E., Atlanta, Georgia.

TIFTON EMPHASIZES CIVIL DEFENSE
The American Legion sponsored a ma~moth parade followed by a speakmg program climaxed by an address by Major General Born on Veterans Day. The parade featured children from grade school through college and adults depicting the theme, "America on the March." The adults were represented as veteran groups from the different wars. The Military was shown to be linked to the Civil Defense and th e Civil Defense to the regular municipal services which in most instances serves as a hub around which the the local Civil Defense systems are built. Civil Defense was represented br a Civil Defense car which carried Dr. Homer D. Wells, the local Di-
rector, Mr. Harry U. Jac!~son, South-
western Area Director and tne beautiful Miss Mary Wells, Civil Defense Queen; followed by a Ground Observer Corps float presen ted by the Jaycees. The entire parade was participated in by an estimated 3,000 and more than 20,000 people crowded the streets to watcb the 52 minute parade a nd he ar the speaki ng.

THE ALERT

I Ground Observer Corps Expansion

Will Blanket Entire United States

leo; San Anton io, Dallas, El Paso, and

EXPANDED GOC PROGRAM

Houston, Texas; W ichita and Kansas City, Kansas ; Saginaw, Michigan ; St.

Louis, Missouri ; Little Rock, Arkansas ;

New Orleans and Shreveport, Louisiana;

Mobile, Alabama ; Columbia, South Caro-

lina ; Salt Lake City, Utah ; Tucson, Ar i-

zona; Oklahoma City, Oklahoma ; Be-

midji, Minnesota ; Joplin, Missouri; Jack-

son, Mississippi; Tallahassee, Florida ;

and Rocky Mount, North Carolina.

Many areas no\v on stand-by will be-

come Skywatch areas, and only a few

states will remain on stand-by status.

Most areas within the continental Un ited

States will have ground observation posts

KEY :

manned with civilian volunteers on duty

around the clock.

Under the present program a filte r

center normally has approximately 200

ground observer posts requiring 12,000

civilian volunteers for the manning of

both the posts and the filter center. A

Pictured above is the proposed expansion of the GOC. N otice how the expanded GOC will protect the southern boundaries as well as the northern perimeter. All of the new filter centers are expected to be organized by Jun e of 19.5.5.

projection of this requirement will call for an increase in ground observation posts from 16,000 to 24,000, and an in-

7

crease of volunteers to well over a milThe Ground Observer Corps is to be isted before calls for enlisting experienced lion .

extended into all of the 48 states. At personnel to train new volu nteers, leas- As the Ground Observer Corps in-

a recent meeting of the state civil defense ing office space, movi ng in of equip- creases to blanket the entire United

directors in Chicago, the importance of ment, and setting up of communications States, those volunteers who have con-

the GOC was re-emphasized and the need facilities.

tributed their time and efforts may well

for the expansion explained.

All filter centers are expected to be be proud of a job well done, for they

In a letter to the civil defense directors organized by June of 1955. Proposed have proved the abi lity of the American

of those states which do not have GOC, locations are: Pendleton, Oregon; Den- people to accept thei r share of the re-

Major General Frederic H. Smith, Jr. , ver, Colorado ; Albuquerque, New Mex- sponsibil ity for this nation 's defense.

Vice Commander of the Continental Air

Defense Command, wrote: ''The increased capability of the Soviet

PRESENT GOG PROGRAM

long-range air arm, and the development

of our air defense system to meet that

increased threat, makes it urgent that the

Ground Observer Corps be extended into

your state as soon as possible."

The necessity for the expansion of the

GOC, as proposed by General B. W .

Chidlaw, Commander-in-Chief of the

Continental Air Defense Command, is

indicative of the importance attached to

the GOC as a member of the air defense

family. The Ground Observer Corps has

proved its capabilities; the task now lies

in the implementation of the new expan-

sion program.

With the growth of the area of re-

sponsibility of the GOC comes the neCes-

sity for more filter centers, more obser-

..,p"")

vation posts, and more volunteers. The exp;:nsion of GOC calls for 73 filter cen-

"}\t- ~ '_> ,.' ..;

ters instead of the 49 now organized . The movement of the Ground Observer Corps into areas where no GOC has ex-

Pictured above is a map of the United States showing the boundaries of the GOC as they exist now. The 49 filt er centers will be increased to 73, and the new goal for volunteers is well over a miJJion.

3

STATE CD DIRECTORS MEET
The State CD Directors of Region III met at Edgewater Gulf Hotel near Biloxi on December 13 and 14. They discussed many subjects, and made some recommendations that may bear fruit. It was the consensus of opinion that representatives of the different services of the various states should get together and establish standard units for their service, and then make a recommendation to the other regions. The problems facing CD personnel that go across state lines received a thorough going over, and many of these will be wiped out by mutual aid agreements.
Col. Bob Fox of Tennessee was elected president of the organization for the next year. Hendrix Dawson, CD Director of Mississippi was the host.
'OPERATION KIDS II
IN MOBILE
On January 26 Mobile will again have a "first" in the study of the big problem of evacuating large cities in preparation for a bomb~ng attack. L&st summer they held the first "RIDE OUT" of the people from their business district, and it was very successful. An estimated 30,000 people were hustled out of town in a hurry and taken to safe places within 30 miles of Mobile. The cooperation of the business men of the city made this a success. It is estimated that it cost the business firms a quarter of a million dollars in lost time, lost trade, etc.
On January 26 Mobile will hold operation "KIDS." This will involve

Dr. Homer D. Wells, A.R.S. Forage Crops Pathologist stationed at the Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station, was named Civil Defense Director for Tifton, replacing Mr. James H. Ford who has
moved to Griffin, Georgia.
moving all of the school children from their regular schools in the city to distant schools where preparations {vill be awa iting to take care of them. School busses alone will not be enough to do-the job. Even all of the public transportation in Mobile would not be enough to carry all of the children at one time. It is planned to divide the city into "school areas" and have all the available private transportation within that area report to the school, pick up a load of kids and take them to a previously designated school. The parents will be notified ahead of time just where each school is to be evacuated to, so they will not have

THE DIRECTOR SAYS:
Continued from Page 1
shape for delivery. \\!ben you read about somebody coming up with one new airplane, it still takes a long time before that airplane can get into production. When you read about the idea of guided intercontinental missiles, it is one thing to work out the theory, but it is another thing to make them and it is another thing to fire them effectively. I think there are some heartening signs that both air defensive and military defensive are showing some indications of getting into better balance with their offensives. If men can make offensive weapons, man can also make defensive weapons to counterbalance them.
This is not tantamount to saying you shouldn't worry about these things, and there is reason for prudent people to get ready militarily and civil-defense-wise.
Now is the time to get ready, while there is time. We should do everything we can to insure peace in this world and eliminate such a catastrpphe for the world. That is the best solution.
to worry about the youngsters. They will be brought back this time to their original schools, but of course in case of a real RED alert this would not be done until the all-clear has sounded or until Conelrad tells them that it is safe to return.
The next war could easily be lost on the home front! Our ability to out produce any other nation in the world is the reason we won the last two wars.

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THE GEORGIA

I~

Dep artment of Defense, Civi l Defen se Division, . George J. Ke arn, S-tate Director

Vol. 5, No. 2

At lanta, Ga.

February, 1955

EVACUATION CONFERENCE

IN ATLANTA MARCH 2-4


""' George J . Hearn
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS - - -
T hese are try in g times in the fi e ld of interna tio na l re la tions . It is my fondest hope th a t a ll world proble ms can be resolved to the complete satisfaction of a ll nations concerned a nd tha t this can be a ccomplis hed with out resortin g t o an all-out wa r. llowever, in vie w of the continued efforts to ac hi eve armed suprema cy, it is a ppare nt th a t if a ll other me th ods of reaching agreement should fail, the poss ibility of utilizing arme d fo rce ca nnot be dis counted . Whi le ea ch great na ti on e nga ge d in the a rms race today e mpha tic a lly s ta tes that it is only prepa ring for th e de fe nse of its own borders, obv ious ly s omeone reasons that s ooner or late r someone is goin g to a tta ck someone e lse , oth erwis e th ere would be no ne e d t o be ready to de fend . \l;ha t more conclusive proof do we req uire t o ass ure ourse lves tha t a ll is not to o sec ure in th e worl d a nd
Continued o n Page 4

Administra tor Th omas II. Goodma n a nn ou nce s th a t a Hegionwi de C ivil IJe fe ns e Eva cua t ion a nd \\"elfare Co nfer ence will be he ld in Atla nta March 2, 3 a nd 4 , 1955 a t the DinkIer- P laza Uote l a t wh ich F ede ra l C ivil De fe nse Adm in istra tor Va l P e terson w ill a ddress a ba nque t sess i on. Oth er top-fli ght fi gures on the progra m will be 13are nt F . L a nd s tre e t, Ta ctic a l E vac ua tion P la nn er, J ohn ]. Hurley , Direc tor V.e lfare Offi ce, \V. A. Ross, Ed uca tion lle la ti ons Coord ina tor, FC IJA I3a ttle Cree k, \1i chiga n a nd Will ia m C . 'turgeo n, Di rect or, \ lob ile County C ivil IJe fe nse, Mobile , Ala bama .
SEA RS ROEBUCK TO ME RCHANDISE CD
EQ UIPMENT
An opp ort unity for coopera ti ve promotion of c iv il defens e obje ctives be tween local CD organi zati ons a nd Sears stores is prese nted by the re ce nt de ci s ion of Sears, lloebuck & Compa ny to se ll civ il de fense e qui pme nt for both ge nera 1 and s pecialized use .
F irst in t he se ries of C IJ ite ms which thi s na tio na l ch a in will ha ndle is a radiologica l de fe nse survey me ter (F CIJA Item V- 710) for use by industri a l faci lities protection units a nd c iv il defen se area mo nitoring teams.
St ore managers have bee n a lerte d

The program will include prese nta ti ons a nd discussions of ma ny su bjects wi th which Civil De fe nse leaders wi ll be concerned in evacuati on pla nning, techniques, and opera ti on in cl udi ng:
T he We lfa re llo le i n E vacua t ion, Organ iza t io n of l~ vacuation Sta ff , P la nn i ng Schoo l Evacua tion, Pla nnin g Il ospital l':vacuat ion an d ma ny oth er phases of evacuation .
We hope that each of our loca l C ivil Defe nse Organizations will be represe nted by Directors, We Ha re Service Chiefs and th e ir , taff members as well as Public Information Offi cers a nd women l!!aders .
to expect visits from civil defense rl irectors and members of their s t affs . It is suggested tha t store ma nagers be urged to inc l ude dropin c ivil defense messages in the ir adve rt ising . of CIJ equipment a nd that th ey a rran ge for window and interior displays devoted to civi I defense public information materia ls .
NEW EARS FOR GOC
Civilian Volunte ers in the Cround Observer Corps will soon be liste nin g for ai rp lanes with a new aco us ti c a id wh ich will detect aircra ft long be fore they can be seen . Headquarte rs Ai r Defe nse Command reports tha t approximately $1,800,000 has be e n made available for proc ureme nt of 5,500of these aids for dis tribution to GOC volun teers .

Tf/EALERT----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly b y the

RESCUE SCHOOL TO REMAIN AT OLNEY

DEPAHTME T OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confede r ate Av e . , S. E.
GEORGE J . HEARN Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T . WHITE Public Information Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L . GRANTHAM Communications Officer
JERRY CAUDLE Northern Area Director
A. MACK DODD Ce ntral Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
TOO BUSY
Civil Defense is important- you know that. You hope the people who are working on it are doing a good job.
They are; they are doing their best. Uut no matter how many days a week the CD Chairmen work until midnight, the y cannot carry on Civil Defense by themselves. They need personnel. And where does that personnel come from? From peop le like you, who a re "too busy."
Every body is "too busy" except: Old folks -too old for regular jobs. Children- too young for regular jobs. Idlers -unwillin g to work.
Of course, if bombing starts, you will drop everything a nd do what you can. But you'll be too late. You won't know what to do. A Civil Defens e te am is just like a footb a ll team, or a ny other team; it must be TRAIN!) for action.
And if more of you "too busy" Georgia people don't take time for training, there just won't be a ny Civil Defens e . Also, you won't be "too busy " if an enemy reduces our people to s laves. You are not being big-hearted, if you volunteer for Civil Defe ns e . You are onl y helping to develop a n organization for YOUR OWN PROTCXTION. Are y ou too busy for that?
(Adapted from the Pa . Keystone D e f e n d e r}

RONALD E . WIDENER, Lyons Civil De fense Director, is spearheading a defense program that is arousing the interest and cooperation of all sections of Toombs County. Plans ore rapidly being perfected for organizing mobile support ond mutual aid c.ommittees for immediate action in event the need should arise in either of Georgia 's metropolitan centers, or natural disaster
in any area of the State.
PASS ALL SERVICE MEN
During one of the Civil Defense practice exerci ses some of the Civil Defense police at control points did their work so effectively that they stopped some of the military personnel who were also answerin g an a lert from rushing to their posts in armories, AA sites, and other air-raid positions .
All Civil Defense workers should be instructed that men with regulation service "ID" cards should be allowed to pass civil defense lines in order to get to their emergency posts . lany ational Guardsmen will be in civilian dress but they should have something on them to show that they be long to the National Guard or other military organization which will have specific duties in case of an alarm. Guards at traffic control points will have to be especially careful to use discretion in the enforcement of their orders.
"Even farmers would face peril from a cloudless sky, in the form of a silent invisible dust from an atomic blast so far away that the y may never have seen it nor heard it .. .''

With so much confusion resu lting from th e remova I of the Civil Defense offices from Washington to 13attle Creek, Mich ., the status of the Hescne Sc hool is sort of vague to ma ny. The school is to stay in Ol ney, a nd th ev will have two week courses in ba~ic rescue starting on Feb. 7, March 14, May 16, and Jun e 6. Advanced courses lasting only one week each will begin on Feb. 28 and June 20.
Courses in Administration and Operation may be held a t Olney, a t 13attle Creek, a nd in the various states, but no schedule has been announced as ye t.
A new course in the Principles and Technique of Evacuation is also being developed and the a nnouncement of dates for it will soon be forthcomin g .
There is no charge for tuition at these courses, and the cost of board and room is only $5.00 per day . Further details may be secured by contacting the state office of Civil Defense.
OPERATION INTERIM
The Southeastern states will have a practice "dis aster" exercise on February 25 when state and city control centers will be manned and go through the motions of meeti ng a full scale air attack by a n enemy . Atlanta, Chattanooga, Savannah, Macon, Birmingham, and many other cities will re ceive atom bombs of various sizes. Service heads should be present at the centers from 9:00 to 6:00.
The City of Cochran, Georgia again has an enthusiastic CD Dire ctor in the person of Clyde W. Hill. He is requestin g funds from the city for a radio system that will be a great help to civil defense. It may be obtained under the matching funds program. Bleckley County was one of th e first to have a completely manned ground observation corps.

2

FEBRUARY, 1955

THE ALERT

TWO SIMPLE STEPS

VoLUNTEERS will appear by the thousands ready and eager to work to save their community, everybody agrees, just as soon tzs wurnings sound, or attuc/.. occurs.
Appear where? Equipped with what? Led by whom?
So far a~ we know, no community has yet made any plans to absorb this man and womanpower quickly, effectively, in an orderly manner. Unless
there are plans, there will be a push-
ing, shoving, congested mob of terrified humanity. No one will know where to go; no one will be in charge; no one will be able to sort out, or even move through, the confusion for hours.
Two simple steps could help to change this picture, but they must be takt.n in advance :
Slt'P I
The local Defense Council could take one hour at is next meeting to tleterminc adeq uate assembly points for the most needed categories of workers, basing their decisions on spa cr , easy approach by foot, availil hility to parking spaces, nearness to ~ l'et: il-i"c f;u.' ilitit-~. e k
l.'ur eX<JHl ple:
Hloud /)IJn or Assembly Point.
The /'ala, t~ Movie Theatre, three blocks from the hospital ,
a) t;oud parking space for refrigerat ed 1rucks assigned to take blood to nearby hospital labs;
b) Known to everybody in town; c) Not already assigned for
!\ICC, emergency hospital, or other use; d) Sea ts, where donors can wait cu1n forta bl y. _Lj,.11.I>Ly !>oint fo r Builders, Riggers,
1 ,,1/Siillt'lion Mot .
'l'he llllt!rial Harclware warehouse lr,;,ding p l;ll form.
a) J:asil y toea ted b)( all; IJ ) ( 'Dvtrt"d a rea; , ) F xu a tools ami equipment
available; d ) l\ lancuvcring space for rescue
l rucks.

Those volunteering their trucks and 3) Platters can be cut NOW, in

drivers.

which the voice of a well-known

High school football stadium and parking space.

local radio personality, the Mayor, the CD Director, or someone known to the public, announces slowly and

Private cars and drivers.

carefully the locations, and tells the

Municipal parking lot and Town Park.

people to bring with them whatever tools of their trade they can- i.e.,

These are all hypothetical examples; crowbars and rope, pads and pencils,

however, they serve to give the idea. Specific locations should be selected

bandages and drugs, pots and pans ...

for:

These platters should be distributed

a) All holders of First Aid certifi- now to all local radio stations. Where

cates, nurses' aides, laboratory several communities are served by one

technicians, hygienists, etc.; station, they should make a joint plat..

b) All clerical workers, telephon- ter together, covering the entire area.

ists, and operators of business Obviously there will be C!lnfusion

machines ;

even if these advance steps are taken ,

c) d)

All restaurant, hotel, kitchen, and canteen workers.
All unskilled, able-bodied men available for debris-clearance,

but it will be nothing like the nightmare that will otherwise occur.
Those communities which take the problem as seriously as it deserves will assign loudspeaker units and emer-

hose-carrying, etc.

Jitter-bearing, gency lighting to the Volunteer AssPmbly Points; they will also aproim a

It is assumed bhat auxiliary police Volunteer Assembly Director for ea ch

and firemen, utilities repairmen, Mass location, who will be able to take

Care Center staffs, and other trained charge at once.

personnel will already have location ac;- Obviously not a ll the volunteers can

signments.. The above assembly points be used right away, in the first hours.

will be needed for the masses oi un- However, if they are gathered together

trained , unorganized , but willing dti - by their skills, they can be:

zens who will suddenly appear and I) Divided into team s;

want to help.

2) Assigned to localities ;

3) Assigned leaders ;

4) Given relief and stand-by orders;

Step 11

5) Provided with equipment ;

There is little point in publicizing 6) Providert with transportation .

these locations now. Nobody will Within hours, working, fun ctioning

either listen or remember. However, units will be on their way where they

three things can be done now to ease are needed, instead of milling abow.

the establishment of order immediately saying :

war starts:

" What can I do? "

1) One or more large signs can be " \Vh ere am 1 s upposed to go? ''

made NOW for each location and Summary.

stored on the site so that they could The two simpl e steps of 1) select-

be set up at once.

ing locations, and 2) preparing Hleans

"Medical aides report here"

for ma king the locations known at

"Clerical workers report here"

once a re, we venture to suggest, the

2) All the designated locations can very mo~t effective actio11 s any com-

be printed in mat form and deposited munity can take to minimizc panic.

with every newspaper and printing People with purpose, order and direc -

press in town, with the request that tion are less susceptible to panic, even

it be run off on a one-sheet hand-out if they are frightened. It is aimless,

and distributed IMMEDIATELY disoriented, masses of humanity who

following any attack.

create the panic problem.

FEBRUARY, 1955

3

rHEALERT---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CD COORDINATORS
IN SCHOOLS APPOibiTED
In the "Uulletin to the Schools," for October, (issued by The nive rsity of the State of ew York, Al-
bany), Haymond H.. Hunter, Coord i-
nator of Civil Defense for Schools, in the State Educat ion Department, reports:
"Coordinators Na med: An increasing number of superintendents have now appointed a staff member to serve as coordinator of the Civil Defense Program in their schools. Except in larger target cities, this assignment is usua lly 'in addition to other duties.' Amo ng his responsibilities, the coordinator of Civil Defense: prepares written CIJ instructions for teachers and administrators, . .supervises CD shelter drills, . plans with teachers for the integration of CIJ in th e curriculum, . carries out instructions from th e New York State Civil Defense Commission and the New York State l~ d cation Department pertaining to Civil Defense, and works with the local CIJ Director of the Adu lt Education Program to establish a CD Training Program for Adults.
"Coordinators in both targe t cities and support areas are also preparing complete written plans (in accordance with a guide furnished by th e Civil Defense Commission) to be followed by school personnel in th e event of enemy a ttack."
Other a rticles in Mr. Hunter's section of the Dulletin are: "Air Force Asks For Plane Spotters"; "Civil Ddense and the Schools"; and "First Aid for Defense."

AIR DEFENSE FACTS Major T. W. Turbiville
This is a special message to all GOC Post Supervisors for extra recruiting efforts during the next two months. Your efforts will be backed up by a very strong radio and television program.
All efforts should be made to build up the volunteer strength in each post in preparation for 24 hour duty.
Every volunteer should bring at least one friend. Remember, this means less "watching" time on the post for everyone else.
DENTISTS CD COURSE AT FCDA STAFF COLLEGE
A second course for dentists m Civil Defense is an nounc ed for Februa ry 16-18 at the Federal Civil Defe nse Administration Staff Colle ge at Oln ey , ~ lary l and . The first course , las t \la y, was attendecl. by 6 7 de nti s ts from 24 states. It was so successful that there has been a de ma nd for another.
This course IS given without charge . Members of the class ma y live-in on the co ll ege grounds a t a cost of $5 .00 a day for board a nd rnom.

THE OIH.ECTOH A YS:
Continued fro m Po ge 1
that we should, as individuals and communities, follow th e pattern of preparedness which has been established on an international scale.
o one wants war, leas t of all the type of war th at will be fought with weapons which are capable of s uch devastating power as to cause a great city a nd it's inhabitants to disappea r in a c loud of a tomi c dust in the matter of second s . Ye t, we have no ass urance that such a war is impossible, but instead we have every indication that s uch a war is possible. Sho uld such a war come, the statements that were previously mad e by th e pessimists as well as those made by the opt imists, will contribute nothing t o alleviati ng the suffering of th e injured, rescue of th e trapped, restora ti on of needed facilities and services, extinguishin g great fires, nor a ny of the million and one thin gs which must be done to save our communities and our nation. When the chips are down, capable human beings who can respond to the great demand th a t wi II be placed upon them wi II overs had ow a 11 others.
OPERATION KIDS POSTPONED
1 11e pra ctice evacua tion of a ll of th e school children of ~lobile, Ala ., which was pla nn ed for Jan. 26 has been postponed . Some adm inistrative difficulties which could not be c leared up in time caused Director Sturgeon to put this practice which was ca lled "Operat ion !-\.ids" to be put off for a t least a month . Observers from a ll over the co untry were plannin g on watch in g it.

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THE GEORGIA

;

Department of Defen se, Civi I Defense Division, George J. Hearn, State Director

Vol. 5, No. 3

Atlanta, Ga.

March, 1955

Georgia Forestry Commission~s

Report On Civil Defense

George J. llearn
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS - - -
Since April is the worst month in the year for tornadoes to occur in Georgia, I am devotin g my column to a few tornado safe ty rules.
To know what to do when a warning is received, or a tornado is observed, may mean the difference between life and death.
There is no universal protection against tornadoes except caves <;>r undergroun d excavations. When time permits, go to a tornado cellar, cave, or underground excavation which should have an air outlet to help eq ua lize the air pressure. It should be kept fit for use, fre e from water, gas, or debris; and preferably equipped with pick and shovel.
If you are in open country, move a t ri ght angles to th~ tornado's path . Tornadoes usually move ahead a t about 25 to 40 miles per hour. If there is no time to escape, lie flat in the nearest depression such as a
Continued on Page 4

The Georgia Forestry Commission today is playing a leading part in the State's overall Civil Defense activities. This part is being played with the realiza tion that here in Ge orgia, where forestry is a $700,000,000 a year industry, civil defense activities and full forest protection and utilization must supplement one another to the fullest extent if both activities are to function effectively.
First, it will be well to explain the functions of the Georgia Forestry Commiss ion a nd its obligations to the citizens of Georgia. Today the Commission is protecting 20,251,862 acres of forest land in 137 counties. In protecting this land, the following equipment is being used: 60 he avy crawler tractors, 107 light crawler tractors, 62 water wagons, 132 pickup trucks and 119 quarter ton jeeps. ln addition to the above, 308 lookout towers and 20 contract planes are used for detection.
To protect this land with the equipment above, a total of 861 radios are being used -342 fixed stations and 519 mobi le.
A fully equipped shop centra lly located at Dry Branch (i\<lacon) Georg ia , handles the task of transformin g standard vehicles, tractors, plows , jeeps and transports, into fire suppression vehicles. Many major repair jobs a lso are carried on at this shop . On the same site is a warehouse, where much of the supplies are

stored. Three bulldozers and other emer-
gency forest fire fighting equipment is located at the Dry Branch site .
After experiencing large forest fires in north Ge orgia, the Commission has purchased a van trailer which has been equipped with a 2-way radio on 159 Mc,a 3 ]kilowa tt generator, heating, cooking facilities, tables , first aid equipment, stretchers, and bunks. Also, a 85 ft. telescopic a ntenna has been purchased. It is proposed to purchase an additional rad io on the 171 Me band. This unit in addition to being shifted to rna jor fires is avai lable to go a ny place in the State where a disaster should occur and can be used as a comm unicat ion center for Civil Uefense should the need arise.
The Georgia Forestry Commission has offic ially pledged "wholehearted cooperation'' in making available th e us e both of its facilities and manpower to the Civil Defense organiza tion. Forest fire lookout tower personnel have volunteered to work wi th Ground Observer Corps in reporting of a ircraft ; a nd the Commission has made its personnel a nd equipment a va ilable to guard any downed e nemy a ircra ft until the appearance of the State Patrol or other authorized groups or individuals.
Use of Commission radio-equipped mobile equipment also has been made a vailab le to gu ide authorized persons to the site of downed enemy
Continued on Page 4

THE ALERT-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Pub/ ished monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
GEORGE J. HEARN Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer
KELSO HEARN Administrative Aide
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
A. MACK DODD Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
FACTS ABOUT "MIKE SHOT"

HAVE YOU THOUGHT OF THIS
Baltimore CD has come up with an idea which they think is one of their brightest brainstorms ..a good one. They are recruiting service-station attendants as emergency traffic police. Reason: Gas-pump attendants are more or less captive personnel at busy intersections where traffic is most likely to be a n.ess during an alert. At many service stations, attendants are on duty around the clock, seven days a week. Already in Baltimore, 300 are pledged to take a two-hour course from the city traffic police force on how to direct motorists, so that if and when real trouble comes, and also, during test alerts, they can be effective.
Similar to Baltimore's idea of recruiting intersection police reserves from nearby gas stations, is one current in Delaware County, Penna., where First Aid Stations are cen-

PRESIDENT EISENHOWER
ON CIVIL DEFENSE
The President, in his Budget Message to Congress January 17, 1955, requested a total of $59,300,0 00in funds for the Federal Civil Defense Administration for the fiscal year 1956, beginning July 1, 1955. This compares with the $49,325,000 appropriated by the Congress for the present fisca l year.
In his general Message discussing the Federal Government's fiscal condition, the President had this to say about Civil Defense:
"Civil Defense is also an integral part of the over-all program for defense of the continental United States against enemy attack. Although the major part of the continental defense is in the Military budget, expenditures by the Federal Civil Defense Administration are classified in the Commerce and Ma npower

OF "OPERATION IVY"
l. It was a ground test of a thermonuclear device, not a bomb dropped from the air .
2. It took place at Eniwetok Atoll in the Pacific in Nov. 1952.
3. The fireball measured 3-1/ 4 miles in diameter.
4. The radius of total destruction was 3 miles.
5. The radius of heavy to medium damage was 7 miles.
6. The radius of light damage was 10 miles.
7. The blast destroyed the tiny island of Elugelab, leaving a crater roughly 1 mile in diameter and 175 ft. at the deepest part.
8. After 12 minutes the cloud was nearly 20 miles high and 100 miles across.
9. Some damage from any similar device would be suffered over an area of somewhat more than 300 square miles- about the area of metropolitan New York City BUT
10. Complete destruction would cover less than 30 square miles -1/ 100,000th of the surface ar.::a of the continental United States.

ter.ed around local drug stores. Have you thought of using local
pharmacists to serve as leaders for neighborhood first aid stations? Such stations would, in this way, be centered on the local drugstore when the only immediate source of medical supplies would be found durin g the first few hours after attack.
Teams, headed by the pharmacist, could quickly become mobile if needed in some other part of the area. Planning along these lines, done jointly with the pharmacists in your county, and the Red Cross, might break the bottleneck of developing First Aid teams which still exists in most localities.
Branch 21, of the ational Association of Letter Carriers, in Elmira,
.Y., has been experimenting with using letter carriers to recruit block wardens . The Elmira carriers are the first in the United States to tackle the job of assisting the CD organization in its important job of warden recruitment. The carriers, on the bas is of their knowledge of ne iborhoods and the residents, are able to perform a valuable service in selecting qualified warden personnel. CD will take over the job of enlisting and training the wardens so selected.

section, together with those for dealing with peacetime disasters.
"The concept of Civil Defense adopted last year takes account of the destructive threat of modern weapons and places emphasis on impending attack, to allow time for evacuation of potential target cities. Since this policy was announced, the Federal Civil Defense Administration has developed its plans more fully, and individual cities have tested mass evacuation. I cannot stress too much that Civil Defense will succeed, or fail, in proportion to the willingness of American communities to meet the peril. T he Federal Government is developing co-operative methods with State Governors, Mayors and voluntary citizens groups, as well as among Federal agencies, in building the Civil Defense organization.
Elmira is working towards a force of some 1200 men and women trained to deal with emergencies of every foreseeable kind. The plan was cleared by the Post Office Department.
(The above is a re print of an article which appeared in the December issue of Pennsylvania's "The
Keystone Defender.")

2

MARCH, 1955

THE ALERT

.. CIVIL DEFENSE RESOLUTION

SURGEON GENERAL PLANS

NATIONA L: Creation of a new joint Hous e-Senate Committee on Civil Defense was proposed in a resolution offered in the Senate Feb. 4 by Senator Humphrey of Minnesota a nd Symington of Missouri. "There is no more vital functi on being performed by our Government today than that of civil defense", s a id Senator Humphrey. "Yet, I must say that very few subjects of such great importance receive as little attention by the Congress. This is nobody's fault. It is more the reflection of our organization. There is no committee of the Congress with the clear authority or with the staff a nd primary responsibility to help guide and lead the Congress on this problem." Humphrey said the U.S. spends billions to build up security forces but requires the CD agency to operate on inadequate appropriations. He said he wanted to make it clear that he thinks the present Federal Civil Defense Administrator is doing a commendable job with the funds available. "Having become aware of the terrifying portent of the problen," Senator Humphrey added , "no such committee would allow Congress to shunt as ide the urgent requests for civil defense and offer appropriations which put such an insignificant price on the safety of the American public.'' The proposed new committee would consist of seven Senators and Representatives. Its responsibility would be to act as spokesmen for civil defens e needs. (Washington Star, UP NY Times,
Washington News 2/4,5, -973-0 1)
WHAT IS THE GOC?
The Ground Observer Corps is the civilian compone nt of the Air Defense Command of the U.S . Air F orce. Its function is to he lp the Air Force in its vast and complex job of guarding against surprise air attack-and thus he lp ~iscourage such a ttack.
The immed iate voluntary services of hundreds of thousa nds of patriotic Americans-including you-is the only way to correct this weakness .

Dr. Edgar Dunstan
Dr. Edgar Dunstan of Atlanta was awarded the Aven Award of the Fulton County Medical Society at their annual meeting in J anuary, 19.35.
The Aven Award is presented annually to a member of the Society in recogmtlon of outstanding civic service. In Doctor Dunstan's case the recipient of this award has distinguished himself in duties far beyond the bounds of his professional activities. He is a national figure in CIVIL DEFENSE matters.
He was _a member of the National Defense Committee of the Fulton County Medical Society for about three years; the first Civil Defense Health Services Director of the Atlanta Metropolitan area and is Director of the Medical Branch of Georgia Civil Defense Services. He is Consultant to the Council on National Defense of the American Medical Association. He is on the Medical Advisory Committee to the Federal Civil Defense Administrator at the national level and to the Federal Civil Defense Administrator of Re gi on Three.
The contribution of time and effort of this man is beyond the imagination of most of us. His services would be most appreciated in the event of an enemy attack because many of th e lives saved would be due to his knowledge and efforts. He was born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, March 7, 1902. He holds a B.S. Degree from the University of Georgia, and M.A. Degree from Mercer University and a Med ical Degree from Emory University in 1928. He is certified by the American Board of Internal Medi-

5,000 FOR CD DUTY
From "The New York Times,"
Surgeon General of th e Public Health Service Leonard A. Scheele, has announced a sweeping expansion of its commissioned reserves for Civil Defense duty.
Before July 1, he said, 2,000 physicia ns, dentists, nurses, and sanitary engineers will be signed by the 8 regional Public Health offices and 3,000 more in the following year. The number is now 200.
Dr. Scheele said that this service for which no pay is provided, is on a volunteer basis as a matter of patriotism .
The recruiting drive is being conducted under a large-scale de legation of powers by the Federal Civil Defense Administration to regular government agencies, which was authorized by Congress ..
In addition to establishing a trained reserve for disaster situations, the Public Health Service will conduct research in problems of biological warfare defense and chemical warfare defense. Its initial appropriation in the Civil Defense field is $600,000.
"We hope to have a small training program such as is carried on by the armed services for reserve officers," Dr. Scheele said. "In that event we would pay salary for the two-week training period on active duty, as is done by the military."
OKLAHOMA HAS NEW
CIVIL DEFENSE DIRECTOR
Oklahoma City- Governor Raymond Gary recently announced that Tom Brett, formerly operations head for the State Civil Defense Headquarters, would succeed L. A. Chatham as Oklahoma Civil Defense Director.
A graduate of Oklahoma University and at present the provost marshall for the Oklahoma Air National Guard, the 39 year old Brett is a resident of Norman, where he resides with his wife and one year old daughter.

Continued on Page 4

MARCH, 1955

3

THE ALERT----------------------------------------------------------

Continued from Page
and friendly aircraft. With the giving of the yellow alert,
all the Commission's 308 lookout towers will be manned and all Commission personnel will automatically be on stand-by duty.
Road surveillance at designated points and the escorting of convQys are other tasks which Commission personnel are to perform as a part of their Civil Defense duties,
The Commission is willing to tie their radio network in with adjacent states in order to receive mutual detection services and in case of enemy attack this communication can be used to give air warning services to these adjacent states which would back up other communication facilities.
The attempts of Japan durin g World War II to set off a ma.ior forest conflagration in the fore s ts of the Pacific Northwest are freshly recorded on the pages of history books, and here in Georgia the Commission has been quick to realize the damage to the state's entire intire industrial economy which a similar blow might bring about. Emergency forest fire plans have been drawn up in detail for large scale fires, and, if needed, the entire fire fighting personnel of the state's 137 protected counties could be mobilized in one smoothly operating "fire fighting army."
Georgia F orestry Commission equipment is, in add ition, set up as a support for large urban areas which might b0 se t afire through enemy action Especia lly helpful would be the organization's 62 mobile power wagons, each holding a 250 to 350 gallon capacity.

The Commission's actiVIties In the recent statewide ''Operation Alert" received high praise from Civil Defense officials, and further cooperation has been assured. On "Condition Lemon Juice," through a pre-arranged relay system, all District Foresters were notified with the understanding that towers in their respective Districts would be immediately manned. They were also given "Conditions Apple Jack" and "Snow Man ." Reports came to this office from the Districts concerning traffic flow on highways, equipment was made available for clean-up duty in Atlanta with your office designating routes the equipment was to travel and escort vehicles were a ailable.
T he Commission is planning to expa nd its radio comm un ic ations ' n order to be in a mo e efficient pos ition to combat forest fires and to help Civil Defense in case of emergencies . These plans call for the installing of new radios on the 159 Me band in newly organized forest protection counties, and to establish an administrative network so as to reach District offices at Rome, Gainesville, Newnan, Washington, Milledgeville, Americus, Statesboro, McRae, Camilla and Way~ross, as well as the Fire Control Office at Dry I3ranch (Mac on) . In order to reach the southern forestry districts, it will be necessary under FCC regulations for the Commission to establish a control station at Dry Branch (Macon) Georgia, and repeater stations at Stone Mountain and McRae . This system will then allow us to communicate from the Commission's Atlanta Office to any District in the State .

THE DlRECTOl1 SAYS:
Continued from Page 1
ditch or ravine. If you are in a city or town, seek
inside shelter, preferably a steel
reinforced building. STAY AWAY FROM WINDOWS! In homes the south-
west corner of the lowest floor or in the basement offers greatest safety. People living in brick or stone houses should seek other shelter, preferably in a storm ce liar or the basement of a frame house. H time permits, electricity and fuel lines should be shut off. Windows on the north and east sides of the house may also be opened to help reduce damage to the build ing. Standing against the inside walls on the lower floors of an office building offers some protection.
In schools in city areas, especially if school building is of good steel reinforced construction, stay inside, away from windows, and remain near an inside wall on the lower floors when possible. Avoid auditoriums and gymnasiums with large, poorlysupported roofs. H in rural schools that do not have reinforced construction, remove children and teachers to a ravine or ditch if storm shelter is not available .
I pray that we are not hit with any tornadoes this year, but by learning these simple rules, yon enhance the chances of surviving in the event of a storm.
Continued from Page 3
cine. He is a Fellow of the American College of Physicians. lie served his country with honor in World War II. He is a teacher, a scholar, a good doctor and an excellent citIzen.

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THE GEORGIA



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Depar-tment of Defense, Civi I De fense Divis ion, George J. Hearn, State Director

Vol. 5, No. 4

Atlanta, Go.

April, 1955

Georgia Delegation To Witness Atomic Test Exercise In Nevada

ti'
George J. Hearn
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS - - -
During the past month, many columns of newsprint have appeared emphasizing the "impossible" effects of radioactive particles resulting from an H-Bomb explosion blanketing "huge" areas. Of these many statements, only one- that of Lewis L. Strauss, Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission- is based upon factual data, and even in this case the conclusions admittedly are partially based upon calculations. The figures released in this report are indeed alarmin g, but accompanying them are constructive recommendations for protection which are withi n the realm of possible achievement.
F rom this point, the subject has received ima ginative treatment by just a bout everyone who desires to express an opinion. Half truths are slanted to produce shock effects and possibilities are assumed to be factual. Variables are added to vi.'.riables limited only by the "expert's"
Continued on Page 4

A Georgia De le ga tion headed by Major General George J. Hearn, Civil Defense Director of Georgia, will witness "Operation Cue," a nuclear explosion which is part of the Atomic E nergy Commission's development series for Spring, 1955. This test shot will ta ke place during the last week in April at the ABC's Test Site in Neva da.
Among the Georgians invited to witness this explosion are Lieutenant Governor Ernest Vandiver; Speaker of the House of Represen-
tatives Marvin Moate; Mr. Hadley B.
Cammack, Chairman of the ChathamSavannah Civil Defense Council; Mr. Dixon Oxford, Chairman of the l{ural Roads Authority; Mayor Caldwell McGarity of Monroe, Georgia; Mr. Hal Be ll, Civil Defense Director of Macon, Georgia; Senator lloward Overby of Gainesville, Chairman of the Senate Armed Servic es Committee; Mayor Lee Carter of llartwell, Georgia; Senator Willis llarden of Commerce, Georgia; Brigadier General hank A. Kopf, Deputy Director of Civil IJefens e for the State
of Georgia; Dr. .J. N. Striblin g of
Ea tonton, Georgia; l'vlr. Jack Grantham, Communications Officer for the State Civii Defense Office; Mr. .James Williamson of Darien, Georgia; ~lr. Elliott H. Jackson, Civil Defense Director for :VIetropolitan Atlanta; ~layor William D. llartsfield, of Atlanta, Georgia; iVlrs. G. W. F reiberg, Civil Defense Director of

Augusta, Ga., and Lieutenant Colonel Charles T. White, Public Information Officer for Civil Defense for Georgia.
Colone l C. M. Virture, the Training Officer for Columbus, Georgia, a nd Mr. Robert H. Hohrer, instructor in radiation for Atlanta, have been invited to be Field participants in this exercise.
The United States Air Force has invited as their guest to " Operation Cue," Miss Judy King, Administrative Supervisor for the Atlanta Air Defense Filter Center and Mrs. Mary Jane Dotson, Ad ministrative Supervisor for the Savannah Filter Center.
Many newspaper, television and radio personnel from Georgia will" cove r this test exercise.
For civil defense workers-and the public, in general-it will be the most important atomic test ever conducted. It will certainly be the most extensive . While most tests in Nevada and the South Pacific are concerned with perfecting means of destruction-if more perfection is needed-this will be one of the few tests at the other end of the spectrum devoted mainly to survival.
Trained CD Workers Save Lives.
Civil Defense Training is Life Saving Training.

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Pub/ ished monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
GEORGE J. HEARN Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer
KELSO HEARN Administrative Aide
I
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
A. MACK DODD Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
CIVIL DEFENSE STAFF
COLLEGE COURSE TO BE HELD
There will be a five-day Civil Defense Staff College Course held at the University of Georgia, May 2328, 1955. This course is being sponsored by the State Civil Defense Division in cooperation with the Federal Civil Defense Administra tion a nd the University of Georgia.
Any person interested in civil defense is cordially invited to attend this course . You should contact Mr. Gene Weldon, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, for details concerning registration, lodging, etc.
Each of the civil defense services will be discussed at length by a group of specialists with experience in that service. Some of the subjects to be studied are "Effects of Wartime Weapons," "Civil Defense Analysis," "Operation and Orga nization in Support Areas," "Peacetime Disaster Control and Its Relation to Civil Defense," "Civil Defense in Schools and Colleges."
Civil Defense Directors-Mayors and County Commissioners! READ General Order No. Fourteen on The Ground Observer Corps, just sent you from the State Civil Defense Office . ACTION on this project means additional safety for our nation.
2

Dalton School Children Walking from their school to a rendezvous area for further evacuation
Wailing Sirens In Alert

By R. E. Hamilton
Sirens shrieked. Mill whistles screamed for five minutes. Traffic in the downtown district came to a halt and pedestrians disappeared, taking cover in stores, basements and other shelter areas. Schools emptied and pupils quickly carried out an orderly evacuation plan, marching to parks and other open areas on the edge of the city. Work stopped in mllny industri<!l ,plants.
Dalton's Civil Defense air raid drill, the only full-scale operation in Georgia, went off with clockwork precision Friday, March 3 at l l a .m. In seven Southeastern states Civil Defense authorities were testing practice drill set-ups. Dalton was the only city in the state where the local Civil Defense organization had plans, personnel, and public cooperation to stage an allout demonstration.
The public had advance notice through radio and newspaper publicity, evacuation plans in schools, industrial plants, etc. Moving vehicle traffic in the business district disappeared almost instantly as drivers parked their cars and trucks and headed for cover. Ambulances stood by and a fully equipped rescue truck was parked at Civil Defense head-

quarters at the fire hall. White helmeted worhrs and aux-
iliary police with white arm bands and whistles took their places at street intersections.
A truck driver unaware of what was going on, came streaming down the street. A burly auxiliary policeman blared out a powerful tweet from from his whistle' wind milled his arms furiously and directed the truck to halt. The driver pulled up to the curb, poked his head out the window and asked what was going on. The auxiliary policeman shouted a reply, the only words of which the driver understood were: "Air Raid."
The driver leaped out of his truck scanned the sky anxiously, and wan ted to know where the planes were.
His actions may not have been exactly the procedure recommended by Civil Defense authorities, but the incident illustrated the seriousness with which most local people taking part attached to the drill.
The practice drill was in connection with a simulated attack upon Atlanta and was designed to deter mine how quickly people could be gotten to safety. A "yellow warn ing" was received at 10 a.m. and was broadcast by the two Da lton Hadio Stations. Civil Defense workers gathered at headquarters on the second floor of the fire hall.

APRIL, 1955

Rescue Pe rs on nel of the Dol ton Civi I Defense Organization
1 Brought Life To Standstill In Dalton

The "red alert" came at exactly l l a.m. That's when sirens etnd mill whistles went into action. Twenty minutes later the "all clear" was sounded.
Observers for Atlanta, Chattanooga, Athens, and other cities were here to see how well Dalton carried out the first complete practice drill in Georgia. Jerry Cauble, Civil Defense area director; John G. Lewis, Civil Defense co-ordination in Fulton County ; Leonard A. Postero, Civil Air Patrol, Athens; Miss Mary T. Peacock, Mass Care Supervisor, Chattanooga, Tenn; Mrs. Florence C. Landis, Civil Defense executive secretary, Chauanooga; representatives of the state departments of health, and other visitors were in Dalton.
At a luncheon held at the Elks Club the visitors complimented Mrs . M. S. Sims, Dalton Civil Defense Director, and the local CD organization on the effectiveness of the planning and the manner in which the drill was carried out. Cauble pointed out that the greatest problem in most communities was to sell the public on the importance of Civil Defense .
Visitors also complimented city, school, and health department officials for their co-operation. They also were surprised to find that between 75 and 90 per cent of Dalton

industrial plants took an active part in the drill. In a number of plants all production work stopped and employees hurried to basements or other previously designated places.
Schools were evacuated and students marched to the football field, Crow Mill park, American Legion field, and other prearranged areas. In the event of an actual raid, auxiliary hospitals would be set up in five Dalton Schools. In addition, Valley Point school would be used as a receiving point for displaced persons coming from the south, and Westside School for displaced people coming from the north.
The Whitfield County Health Department has a complete plan for providing medical services for communities as a result of air attack or other disasters. Dalton doctors, dentists, nurses, ministers, technicians, clerks, orderlies, messengers, litter bearers, and ambulances have been assigned to receiving points, hospital, and auxiliary hospitals.
Civil Defense in Dalton has a complete, working organization, as demonstrated by the practice drill. Few other cities in this area have more than a paper organization. Mrs. M.S . Sims is the director, with Hoke Duncan and A. L . Zachery as deputy directors. The Civil Defense advi-

sory Council includes Bill Barganier, Clifford Hale, Mark Pace, Tom Jones , and Mayor Walter Bolling. Headquarters and a radio communications center are on the second floor of the fire hall on Pentz street. The local American Legion post has purchased a fully equipped rescue unit. The rescue truck carries everything from a power saw to oxygen masks and is designed to be useful in any emergency.
The Rotary Club provided auxiliary police, the Lions Club, wardens, and the Pilot Club assisted with communications in the practice drill.
It is with deep regret that the Alert announces the untimely passing of Mrs. Tennie de!arnette, our Regional Federal Civil Defense Women's Coordinator, on 26 March, 1955. Mrs. de]arnette, a native Georgian and outstanding leader in civic affairs, had served for three years as Ifomen's Coordinator. She was an inspiration to all who came in contact with her. She was truly a Great Lady!

AP RIL, 1955

3

THE ALERT---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

RADIOACTIVE FALL-OUT

WHAT IS CIVIL DEFENSE?

THE DIHECTOH SAYS:

What ca n the average family do to avoid death or injury from radioactive fall-out?
Here are five simple steps. Follow them carefully and, if you are outside the range of blast from an atomic or hydrogen bomb, you stand a pretty good chance of escaping any serious effects from fall-out.
l. Prepare a she Iter area in your
home whether you live in a city or in the country. A basement shelter is good, but an outdoor shelter with

CIVIL DEFENSE IS:
The housewife cleaning the attic for fire protection. The country doctor organizing a mobile first-aid team. The school teacher adapting fire drills to other emergencies. The father showing his son or daughter how to make a splint. The mayor explaining why his town must help other communities if disaster strikes. The utilities worker locating and

Continued from Page 1
ima ginati on. T he power of the explosion is overlooked because it is "old" news.
In spite of a ll this confusion, the survival phases of Civil De fense have not changed . First, to a:void th e explosio n, people must move away from renumerative target areas. Secondly, they must be sustained in their new locations for such time as may be necessary. The details of these processes may vary . Additional difficulties may arise. However,

three feet of earth cover and a sim- repairing a broken gas main.

these do not change the objectives

ple filter is better.

The fireman training auxiliary to be achieved . The expression "He

2. Stock yo ur shelter with a threeday supply of emergency food and water. 3. Get a radio, preferably batteryoperated, and keep it in a safe place. Civil defense news and instructions would be provided by radio. 4. Don't become panicy and flee aimlessly. Radioactivity dis integrates rapidly, and you would be safe in reasonable shelter until civil defense officials informed you that the danger is past. 5. If you should be exposed to fallout, remove outer clothing and wash the exposed parts of the body

firemen. The grocery manager displaying emergency food supplies. The farmer donating a pint of blood. Learning the facts of biological warfare and crop and animal diseases. The editor writing a series of articles on air raid and tornado instructions . The ham (amateur) radio operator contacting an isolated city. The highschool boy learning how to test and use a fire extinguisher. The laundry driver learning to convert his truck to an ambulance. The welfare worker making a stove

can't see the woods for the trees" is applicable to the present situation. Any one of the difficulties may be magnified to the point that the whole problem seems hopeless. Shock treatment may produce paralys is as we 11 as to break through
apathy. If Civil Defense is to fulfill its
miss ion, it must work toward an objective, which is dispersion whether temporary or permanent. The sooner the current hubbub about "Fallout" quiets down, the sooner we will be able to assess it's correct proportion.

thoroughly. Unless you have been exposed to serious contamination, it would not be necessary to destroy or discard the clothing, since in most cases it could be rendered safe by la undering or by simply waiting for natural decay of the radioactiv ity.

from brick and tin cans. 'Ibe city engineer cataloging heavy equipment- the psychologist studying panic- the building superintendent marking shelter areas. A positive program -as positive as
the word "PREP ARE." The civil
defense movement is based on the

A calm, steady approach for conditioning people against the mental and physical shock that would accompany a n attack on our cities. Your home, your children, your backyard- civil defense is you, preparing for any emergency. With

premise that our vast oceans have a n effective CD program, we will

Civil Defense Can Be Effective During Na tural Disasters.

been reduced to streams and that America is now vulnerable to a hundred Pearl Harbors .

ha ve the confidence to face the future and the knowledge we ne ed to protect ourselves in a ny emergency.

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GEORGIA

Department of Defense , Civil Defense Division, George J. Hearn, State Director

Vol. 5, No. 5

Atlanta, Ga.

May, 1955

GEORGIANS SEE ATOM BLAST AT YUCCA FLATS NEVADA

/ r<JI
George J. Hearn
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS - Youth represents a substantial resource of vital personnel for the Local Civil Defense Director.
Youth is eager to serve, adapts well to emergency conditions, and fits readily into a variety of jobs. In the event of a n actual bombing we know that teen agers generally are not badly upset, and recover rapidly from initial shock. Properly trained, youth can be depended upon to carry out assignments in any emergency and Local Directors are urged to recruit and use youth in their programs wherever possible .
Youth should be enrolled, trained, and granted the privilege of we aring a civil defense button only when qualified. In so far as practicable, Local Uirectors should make no distinction between youth and adults in their recruiting and tra ining programs. a turally, limitations on the physica l capac ities of youth must be observed .

In . May 1955, abo ut forty Georgians witnessed the Rwesome fury of a "2 x" atomic blast at Yucca F lats, evada.
This test shot which was called "Operation Cue" was designed to produce information needed for better civil defense planning and organization, and to study the effects of nuclear explosions on homes, commercial buildings , shelters, food communications equipment, electric and gas utilities, storage equipment for records and other documents, civil defense emergency vehicles, trailer coach mobile homes and radiological defense instruments.
A composite reaction to witnessing the atomic explosion by the Georgia observers is summed up as follows:
One has only to experience an atomic explosion to comprehend the awesome power and effect of nuclear fission, also to give it one's full respect, and at once to draw fresh perspective of one's own true position in relation to what goes on in the world.
The terrific experience of an atomic blast is virtually indescribable. It is something incomparable to a nything one previously imagined it could be. It's scope is frightening, baffling, deadly. It disarms complete ly. It leaves one reeling, rubbery, and inarticulate.
The first thought that comes knowing that one is still alive is that here is a lethal force that has

Continued on Page 4

to be lived with, offerin g a challenge never before known to man. One realizes immediately that this power in hostile hands, is a threat not only to one's own life-and an entire way of life- but to human survival. One realizes that one is but an individual, yet with a part to play in a tremendous thing, a definite and important part, no matter how small. For to live with this devastating power obviously is everybody's concern.
Then one remembers about civil defense and the part one is playing in it, a nd thinks of the great number of persons who know little or nothing about civil defense. It then seems appalling that so many need an experience such as this to be impressed with what civil defense mea ns and why it is essentia l.
One then questions himself for the answer to what more can be done. The only answer is that it's up to the people and that it takes time for a peace-of-mind people to react and take unified action; time that, fortunately, we have had enough of- up to now. Dut who knows what tomorrow brings?
Because of the atom bomb some folks have turned and others are turning to God. It is great to find comfort in the Lord. But there is a practical way to meet the problem, too, and just as advisable. The Doy Scouts of America have a motto, simply this: Be Prepared. Simple, yes , but big enough and sensible
Continued on Page 4

THE ALERT------------------------~------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Pub/ ished monthly by "the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFE NSE CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION
959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
GEORGE J . HEARN Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer
KELSO HEARN Administrative Aide JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
A. MACK DODD Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
THIS IS CIVIL DEFENSE
A possible enemy has the weapons now to a ttack us and natural disasters can strike at anytime. There is a defense against any attack, including atomic warfare, and civil defense is it. This same defense is effective in combatting the effects of natural disasters. Civil defense can save your life. At least 15,000,000 Americans must be trained in civil defense, and every American must learn the facts of surviva l. Without civil defense your city would be helpless. With civil defense, homes and jobs can be saved. Civil defense is up to you. Your State a nd Loca l c ivil defense directors must have your support. Even if you do not live in a big city you have a job to do in civil defense. You ca n double your chances of survival if you know wh a t to do. Get into civil defense right nowDon't wait-It may be too .late.
FCDA Administrator, Val Peterson, has requested Congress for twelve million dollars above the re gular fifty million CD appropriati on for the purpose of makin g evacua ti on stud ie s of the 92 critical targe t cities.

EXPANSION OF GOC PROGRAM
By General Chidlaw
"The Ground Observer Corps will be expanded to blanket every state in the Union by July 1955," General Benjamin W. Chidlaw, Commanderin-Chief of the Continental Air Defense Command announced recently. The new enlarged program is expected to be fully implemented in 1956.
Over a million spotters andFilter Center volunteers will be required.
Ground Observer posts in the U.S. will be increased from approximately 15,000 to about 25,400.
Filter Centers will be increased from 49 to 72 in number. Most of the new Centers will be in states presently not included within the GOC System.
It is estimated that the United States Air Force will spend about $163,200 for rental on the 23 new Filter Centers, plus approximately $2,000,000 for "Aircraft Flash" calls and rental of communica tions facilities. Another $381,360 will be earmarked for initial installation of communications and other facilities.
WEATHER SCIENTIST
ADDED TO FCDA STAFF
The Federal Civil Defense Administration recently announced the addition of the first weather scientist to its staff. He will work out basic methods for long range and rapid forecasting of fall-out from nuclear we a pons.
The a nnouncement came on the heels of another by the Atomic Energy Commission which, for the first time, clarified for the American people the dangers of windborne fall-out.
FCDA 's Operations Control Services, said the U.S. Weather Bureau in Washington had assigned Joshua Z. Holland, 33, to FCDA headquarters in Battle Creek, Mich.
Holla nd, on Guam, made the final flight forecast used in the ordering by General Curtis E. LeMay, 20th Air Force Commander, of the B-29 Enola Gay to deliver the first atomic bomb in history against Hiroshima, August 6, 1945.

PUBLIC HEALTH OFFICERS
CONFER ON RADIATION HERE
Officers of the United States Public Health Service conducted a conference in conjunction with the A.M.A., the F.C.D.A., and the State Health Officers in Atlanta on April 18 and 19 in Atlanta. At this time authorities on biological, chemical, and radiation warfare gave some of the secrets of their specialty and local Civil Defense officers really got the "low down" on s orne things that had just recently been declassified.
Dr. Simon Kinsman, Chief of Hadiological Health Training for the SEC told of the effects of radiation on a human being, and they are quoted here so that anyone who has a Geiger Counter to mea sure intensity with can tell just what to expect as a result of his being exposed. Measuring instruments used in Civil Defense all give the direct reading in roentgensormilliroentgens right on the dial.
Dr. Samuel Ingraham II of the National Cancer Institute talked on some of the biological considera-
tions, and Mr. H. P. Kramer, Chief
of Sanitation Training gave the latest information on chemical agents. New types of gas masks were displayed which v!ill soon be put into commercia l production, one of them costing as little as one dollar, and protecting against all chemical agents as well as atomic fall-out for several hours.
HERE IS THE TABLE
No predetermined dosa ge schedule can be set, in advance of an emergency situation, that will evaluate the relative importance of a given Civil Defense mission. This evaluais a "command decision" to be made by the responsible Civil Defense Officia l on the spot, at the time. However, one guide is such dec is ions will be the ta ble of "Radiation Effe c ts" compiled for the F.C.D.A:
Continued on Page 4

2

------------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT
TORNADO
SAFETY RULES

TO KNOW WHAT TO DO WHEN AWARNING IS RECEIVED, OR A TORNADO IS OBSERVED, MAY MEAN THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LIFE AND DEATH ! !

CD

There is no un iversal protection against tornadoes except caves or underground excavations. When time per mits, go to a tornado cellar, cave , or underg round excavation which should have an air outlet to help equalize the air pressure . It should be kept fit for use , free from water, gas, or debris; and pr e fe rably equipped with pick and shovel.

~t1M1 illJI.t.l{JIH1 iliU

1. Move at ri g ht angles to the tornado' s path . Tornadoes usually move ahead at about 25 to 40 miles pe r hour .

2. U ther e is no time to escape, lie flat in the nearest depression such as a ditch or ravine.
~ 1. Seek inside shelter , preferably in a steel reinforced building . STAY AWAY FROM WINDOWS !
2. In homes : The southwest corner of the lowest floor or in the basement offers greatest safety. People living in brick or stone houses should seek other shelter, preferably in a storm cellar or th e base ment of a frame house . If time permits , elect ric ity and fuel lines should be shut off. Wiooows on the north and east sides of the hous e may also be opened to help reduce damue to the building .
3. Standing against the inside walls on the lower floors of an office building offers some protection.

..

In city a reas: Especially if school building is of good steel reinforced construction, stay inside, away fr o m windows, remain near an inside wall on the lower floors when possible. AVOID AUDITORIUMS AND GYMNASIUMS with large, poorly -supported roofs!

2. In rural schools that do not have reinforced construction - remove children and teachers to a ravine or ditch if storm shelter is not available.

On r ece1v1ng a tornado warning , a lookout shoula be posted to keep safety oflicials adv ised of the tornado ' s app r oach. Advance pr eparation should be made for shutting off electrical circ uits and fuel lines if the tornadc approach es the plant. Work e r s should be moved t o sections of the plant offering the greatest protection.

Kee p calm! It will not he lp to get excited . P e ople have bee n killed by runn ing out into streets and by turn..ingbac k into the path of a tornado . Even though a warning is issue-:!, chances of a tornado striking one 's home or location a re very slight. Tornadoes cove r such a small zone , as a rul e, that relatively only a few places in a warned area are directly affected . You should know a bout tornadoes though , "JUSt in case". See other side for details .

G~ l \ Bureau , Keep tuned to your radio station for latest tornado advisory infor mation. Do not call the Weather except t o r e!Xl rt a tornado , as your individual request may tie up telephone lines urgently needed to r ece ive special reports or t o relay advisories to radio stations for dissemination to thousands in the c ritical area.

By- UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

Weather Bureau

3

THE ALERT
GEORGIA CIVIL DEFENSE COURSE
(Letter from the Director to oil local C iv if Defense Directors)
1. The week of May 23 through 27 Georgia Civil Defense Staff College Course will be held on the campus of the University of Georgia, Dawson Hall, Athens, Georgia.
2. This course will develop training and guidance of evacuation, warning, shelter, recruitment and other opera. tiona/ problems in all types of disasters. The instructors will be the staff of Feelera/ Civil Defense Administration Train ing Center in Battle Creek and Georgia Civil Defense Staff. They will deal spe cifically with Federal and State plans.
3. Your responsibilities as Civil De fense Director has become one of the most important phases of community life. Evacuation in Civil Defense is the organized, trained, and superv isecl move ment of civ if ions from dangerous and potentially dangerous areas and their reception and care in safer areas. To help you carry out these responsibilities, I urge that )'OU try to attend this course. If you are unable to attend, please arrange with your city officials for some one from your area to participate in this Civil Defense Administration School.
4. The charge for rooms and meals will amount to thirty dollars ($30.00). There will be no charge for tuition.
5. Please fill out the attached appli cation ldank and return it to Eugene Weldon, the Georgia Center for Continu ing Education, the University of Geor gia, Athens, Georgia, as the number of students will be limited to fifty (SO).
The evacuation test scheduled by Dade County, Florida (Miami) during the national exercise June 15-16 has been called off.

Continued from Page 2

RADIATION

EFFECTS

Dose in Roentgens (r)

9-25 No obvious injury. An average person receives 10-20 r over a lifetime on earth from natuarlly radioactive sources. Exposure from cosmic rays is at the rate of approximately 0.003 r per week.

25-50 Least c1 inically detectable exposurepossible blood changes but no serious 1n1ury. 50 r in one day safe, if notre
peated too soon.

50-100 Blood cell changes, some 1n1ury, no serious disability. 100 r will cause ap proximately 10% sickness.

100-200 Injury, possible disability. 150 r causes approximately 25% sickness- probably
no deaths.

200-400 Injury and disability certain, death possible. 200 r causes approximately 50% sickness -approximately 2% deaths, 300 r approximately 20% deaths.

400-450 Fatal to 50% of those exposed, death within two to twelve weeks.

600 or more Lethal dose causing death in nearly all cases with in two weeks of exposure.

Continued from Page 1
enough for everybody, young and old, in any dark hour.
Preparedness and civil defense are synonymous. The people of our State, as others everywhere, must recognize that with the atomic age in its tenth year, and amid today's world tensions, that danger lurks constantly. Enemy attack is no more improbable than it is possible. It can happen to us- its effects can be felt in any part or all of Georgia.

THE DlRECTOn SAYS:
Continued from Poge 1
ln thinkin g of where and how youth can fit into civil defense, it should be kept in mind that perhaps the greatest responsibilities will rest with the reception areas which will receive and care for the injured and homeless in time of disaster. Doys and girls in these areas represent a tremendous potential resource for the many services that will be required.
Some of the specific jobs that boys, between the ages of 15 and 18, with stamina, dependability, and resourcefulness, and who reside in a target area, can do are-Messengers- Litter Bearers -!<'ire Watchers -Service Vehicles and Load Equipment. If they reside in nontarget areas that can do the following jobs- Ground Observers- Forest and Woodland Fire Fighters- Fire Reporters- House to House Canvassing.
Girls in the same age group (1518) and physically fit can be- Nurses Aides- Laboratory Technicians -Child Care- Typists and Clerks.
Other jobs for both boys and girls are- Maintenance and CleaningFood Handlers and Services- Kitchen Helpers- Baby Sitters- Guide and Assist-Stock Clerks-First Aid- Welfare Services.
Our youth of today will be the civil defense leaders ' in a few years. Now is the time to train and educate our young people in this new and vital subject which they will live with the rest of their lives.
Civil Defense begins with you

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THE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, George J. Hearn, State Director

Atlanta, Ga.

June, 1955

ATLANTA SCHOOLS HOLD

PRACTICE EVACUATION

1 r~ (
tt
George J. Hearn
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS - - -
The National Planning Association urged the President recently to name a special non-military defense commission to coordinate all types of civil defense planning aimed at withstanding atomic attack. At the same time the privately-supported research organization suggested that a non-military defense council be financed by endowed foundations to encourage non-governmental activities in this field. Accompanying the NPA's recommendations was an exhaustive -report by Dr. William H. Stead, former NSlU3 consultant, decribing in detail the nature of the atomic threat, and the effects of l,ltomic explosions on life and property.
In the most exhaustive study of the nation's non-military defenses ever made, the Association listed three major deficiencies in current CD planning: l. Failure to develop
Continued on Page 4

The Metropolitan district of Atlanta had its first practice evacuation on March 18 when over 8,000 of the 160,000 school children in the area left their schools in some 1,600 vehicles and were taken to reception centers which were considered to be a safe distance from a bomb explosion at Five Points had there been such an explosion at the time. Most of the vehicles were furnished by parents of the children who were well coached beforehand on just the procedure to use. Cars were well marked by plackards in the windshields

so that traffic police would be able to distinguish them and keep them to-

gether. They left the schools in serials of about twenty cars each and caused

very little disturbance to the normal traffic. They did not violate red traffic

lights or other traffic rules in the evacuation. In fact other traffic went on as

usual.

The pupils all seemed to be calm and collected, and there was very

CIVIL DEFENSE WORKSHOP

little excitement. It looked more like

FOR WOMEN LEADERS

a normal fire drill until they began

getting into the cars. The sirens

State Civil Defense Director

blew at 12:35 P. M., and in less than George J. Hearn announced that the

two minutes the first cars began to Central Area meeting sponsored by

appear at the schools. Observers the Women's Advisory Committee for

said the parents must have been sit- Civil Defense will be held in Mil-

ting on ready, but aft~r all many of ledgeville on the tentative date of

the parents just lived across the June 30 with registration at9:30 a.m.

street from the school, so it was en- and adjournment at 4:00 p.m. Mr.

tirely possible to be there that quick. Phil Chandler, Civil Defense Direc-

Each child had a tag tied on giv- tor of Milledgevil le and Baldwin

ing the vital statistics on the indi- County will serve as official host to

vidual, and another registration card this forty-six county area conference.

had been made out for each child in

Members of all women's organi-

advance and this was given to the zations are cordially invited to at-

driver of the car and collected by the tend in order to hear a presentation

Welfare Registration Service at the of the State Plan of operations. A

end of the line. Of course each discussion of local organization and

school evacuated to a different spot, planning, as well as demonstrations

and in each case it was another of what women and women's organi-

school whose pupils would have zations should do in order to be

been sent home during an actual prepared to take care of themselves

emergency.

and their families in the event of

When it is considered that eight enemy attack or natural disaster

different school systems took part will be presented.

Continued an Page 3

THE ALERT----------------------------------------------------------------------------~

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
GEORGE J. HEARN Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
MRS. JOHN G. LEWIS Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer
KELSO HEARN Administrative Aide
JERRY CAUBLE Nortben. Area Direct,or
A. MACK DODO Central Area Director HARRY U. JACK,SON Southwestern Area Director l:iOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
OPERATION ALERT
Just about the time you receive this issue of "The Georgia Alert" the Civil Defense Corps of the whole country will be very busy with "Operation Alert" a Civil Defense exercise which assumes that several cities in the United States have been, or are about to be attacked . Just which cities they are no one will know until eleven o'clock a.m., June 15. Then the whole CD organization goes into action either pulling itself out of the rubble of its own city or helping some other city that has been hit.
The Control Centers will all be manned for 26 hours. The exercise will not end until 1:00 p.m. June 16. The directions for the attack make up a pamphlet of mimeographed material about an inch thick, and they are general e nough so that they would hold for any attack at any time. They are the blue print for CD action if a n enemy ever comes over this country with the intent of dropping bombs.
If Atlanta is hit, of course the main objective of the rest of the state is to furnish help. The III Region of FCDA comprising the seven southeastern states will be called upon to help the VI region in which the attacked city of St. Louis is

WHAT WAS LEARNED
As a result of the 1955 nuclear test series a far wider appreciation of the atom to U.S . defense problems is shown to be feasible than was even suspected a short time ago.
Biggest U.S. problem- how to knock down large numbers of fast high-flying jet bombers in a hurryfinally has a theoretical solution in sight now. It is a powerful self-propelled, atomic missile. Such a missile now has been tested and can be put into production.
Atomic sabotage is shown to be perfectly feasible. The danger of a saboteur bringing in a suitcase containing a small A-bomb. no longer is remote, is demonstrated to be real and immediate.
Battlefield weapons of various sizes, available to fit a wide range of needs, also are tested and ready for production in new, specialized forms.
New means of defending U.S. cities against at least some of the terrific heat of a nuclear fireball were tested too. This could conceivably save countless American lives, if it cut back the danger of fire, a main hazard to U.S. type cities in the event of atomic attack.
Individual defense measures also were tested as a result of this series of blasts. Actual experiments unde. fire indicate that a trench provides fairly good close-in protection, as does a basement shelter, a typical American office building, even an automobile. Piles of statistics, dealing with the effects of near-by atomic explosions have been gathered during the tests of the past three months. This valuable information will be given to Civil Defense officials shortly .We acknowledge our indebtedness to the U.S. News & World Report for material used in this article. Please bear in mind that that all of this information pertains to A-bombs not H-bombs.
located. The State Control Center in the
basement of the Russell Building will be in operation for the full 26 hours.

SAVANNAH CD HOLDS
"OPERATION BOXCAR"
Over eighteen thonsand school children were evacuated from their schools to staging points on the railroads where under a sure enough alert they would be picked up by railroad equipment and hurried out of harms way to assembly areas where they would be looked after ,by the emergency welfare service of Civil Defense. The movement started at nine-thirty o'clock A.M. and by ten o'clock they had all reached their staging points. Some had nearly two miles to walk, and others, of course, had only a few blocks.
The parents were not directly involved in the operation, but many were on hand to observe the movement. Col. A. Lester Henderson, Evacuation Directorfor the ChathamSavannah CD Council stated that he was very pleased with the results and very few "bugs" in the plans were brought to light. Fire trucks, police cars, and other mobile radio equipment contacted the central control station where charts were kept on the movement by Hadley Cammack, chairman o{ the council. He was assisted by Fire Chief J. L. Evans, and Police Chief, Harold 0. Fortson.
Director of Civil Defens!!, Charles Musante stated that the one weakness in the plans that he observed was the lack of communications equipment. His next effort for Civil Defense in Savannah will be to secure enough radios and operators to keep the movement running smoothly. Several amateur operators assisted H. P. StepHens, the communications officer, in the operation.
Civil Defense Can Be Effective During Natural Disasters:
The oldest and the youngest Civil Defense plane spotters in the natioM work at the same GOC post in Atlantic Highlands, N.J., reports the Associated Press. They are Calvin W. Miller, 86 year old retired carpenter, and Ronnie Barker, 7 a second grade pupil.

2

JUNE 1955

------------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT

IMPROVISED HOSPITALS FOR CIVIL DEFENSE

THE CHURCH AND CIVIL DEFENSE

Continued from Page 1
and had to be coordinated, and the fact that not one serious accident

By Dr. Fred W. Kern

took place in the movement great

The Federal Civil Defense Ad-

credit must indeed be given to El-

ministration has planned for 6,000

The concern of the Church with liott Jackson, the Director, to Theo.

of the 20(}-bed Improvised Hospitals Civil Defense does not represent G. Robinson the evacuation chief,

as an essential part of the Nation's something beyond its normal func- and to their staffs for a job well

medical preparedness within the tion. The principles and purp<ises of done.

next five years. These improvised civil defense are genuinely germane

The systems and schools partici-

iwspitals are patterned after the to the social mission of the Church. pating were as follows:

6(}-bed Army sur~ical unit which pro-

One purpose of Civil Defense is

Atlanta Public Schools; Burgess,

vided superior medical care in Korea. to save life and property, while the Herndon, Kirkwood and E. Rivers.



States and cities are being urged by the Federal Civil Defense Ad-

Church is also concerned with life and property, but especially with

Private Schools; Immaculate Conception, and Sacred Heart.

ministration to purchase 1,000 of life.

Clayton County; Ash Street, For-

these Improvised Hospital units,

Religious bodies place varying est Park.

with the Federal Government pro- emphases and interpretations on

Cobb County; Green Acres School

viding half the purchase cost. FCDA their commission to deal with life. at Smyrna.

plans to stockpile an additional But whether it is saving of life for

Marietta Schools; Allgood Road.

5,000 of these Improvised Hospitals eternity or for well being on earth,

OeKalb Schools; Brookhaven.

in its warehouses at strategic loca- or both, life is a basic concern of

Decatur System; Ponce de Leon

tions around the country ready for all religions.

Elementary.

immediate emergency use.

Civil Defense is planning against

Fulton County; Central Park at

Following disaster, the 13 tons possible disaster whether natural or East Point, Park Lane at East

of hospital equipment and supplies enemy caused. If human life cannot Point, Park Lane at East Point,

can be transported in a single trailer be preserved all is lost.

College Street at Hapeville, Neeley

type van to a pre-selected site such

Civil Defense is assisting in pre- Benjamin at College Park, and Lib-

as a school building, and complete- servation of peace, not by military erty Guinn at Long Island Drive.

ly set up in four hours by 30 persons means, but peaceful means to which

trained or partially traineJ in this procedure.
Th -.! fact is emphasized that the first casualties could begin to receive treatment within one hour providing there were available sufficient staffs of professional and auxiliary personnel trained in the operation of the hospital unit.
Manning the hospital will require a team of 10 physicians, 20 graduate nurses, 125 trained auxiliaries such as nurses aides and orderlies, and

the Church is already committed. The breaking of the peace is less
likely when our potential enemy is aware that we are prepared in every way to save and restore the life and health of our citizens.
Religion itself is challenged by a godless, totalitarian tyranny. The Church cannot effectively exist or represent God to man in a State which outlaws it. If civilization is to continue to make progress then the Church must be free to continue

Governor Harriman of New York on April 29, 1955 signed a bill providing for the utilization of Civil Defense Forces in natural disaster emergencies. It authorizes the chief executive of a city to call upon the CD force for assistance whent.ver, in his opinion, the personnel andresources of local municipal and private agencies normally available for disaster assistance are insufficient adequately to cope with the disaster.

75 untrained auxiliaries. The 290 different items contained
in the 450 packages will provide for three operating rooms, wards offering a total of 200 beds, a clinical laboratory, sterilizing room, pharmacy, central supply store, and an X-ray room with equipment capable of producing 6(}-second positives.

its mission. Communism is a substitute reli-
gion. It has been said that "at its deepest level the conflict between Soviet Communism and the free world is a religious conflict."
Communism appeals to mankind in religious terms in spite of its avowed godlessness. It has its sub-

The University of Florida wiil give a CD course from June 27 to July l. It will be practically the same course that was given at the University of Georgia beginning May 23. No charge for tuition, and board and room is very reasonable. Address Gainesville, Florida.

Cost of one of these Improvised stitute god and utilizes all the

Hospital units is approximately facets of religious motivation.

Now that school is out it would be

$26,000.00. 731 are already under

This godless new religion has a a good time for adult groups to get

procurement by FCDA with an addi- fanatic missionary zeal. An apa- their identification tags. They are

tional 100 budgeted for 1956. Nine thetic church would be at a disad- 25 cents each, and application forms

States and one Territory have made vantage and, from a human point of may be obtained from the state CD

commitments so far with Geoq~ia view, could not stand up against the office, 959 E. Confederate Ave., SE,

ordering one of these units.

sweep of Communism.

Atlanta.

JUNE 1955

3

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE DIRECTOR SAYS:
Continued from Page 1
plans and programs for swift civilian and economic recovery from atomic attack. 2. "Lack of coordination and leadership in non-military defense efforts, both in Washington and nationwide." 3. "Inability to enlist informed and enthusiastic public participation and support."
Considering the broad aspects of survival in the Atomic Age, the report declared the need for this halanced four-part program: l. The development of a positive non-military international program to obtain agreement with the Communist bloc. 2. The provision of a powerful military offensive potential with emphasis on air power. 3. An adequate military defense of the. continental U.S. 4. An effective non-military defens.e program founded on a coordinated government and industry effort. The NPA said the first three elements of such a program are advancing hut the "lagging development" of the fourth should he speedily corrected.
The NPA therefore made these recommendations with regard to the fourth point: l. Provision should he made for coordination and direction under centralized responsibility of the non-military defense program within the Federal Government. 2. A temporary "non-military defense commission" should he appointed by the President to explore means of remedying the dangerous state of confusion which now exists in civil defense. The group should he appointed promptly and should report in six months. 3. A non-military defense council should he created un-

der the sponsorship of and with
financial support from one or more endowed foundations, the chief purpose of which should he to promote public understanding of the problems of atomic defense. The council's main job would he to "serve as a center of constructive thought and planning by non-Government groups, to look ahead and anticipate the changing nature of the non-military defense program as the nature and extent of the threat changes."
In other general comment, the report declared that, "Many departments and agencies of the Federal government are now engaged in nonmilitary defense activities. The work lacks central direction and coordination. There is no clear legislative definition of areas of specific responsibility. Conflict of authority and responsibility stems from existing legislation that assigns fragments of non-military defense activities to different agencies. To make the split worse, state governors and legislatures have segments of authocity under the present Civil Defense Act." The NPA said major modification should be made immediately in the National Security Act, the Civil Defense Act and the Defense Production Act to remove the confusion. It said non-military defense should he considered in these four phases: measures to protect people from the immediate and longrange effects of atomic bombing; measures to minimize damage to essential productive facill.ties and. resource; measures to assure financial and economic stability after an attack, and measures to re-establish an effective civilian government. These measures, and other CD meas-

ures which could save millions of lives, are not .being taken now. In fact, the confusion inside and outside Government is so great, the the report declared, that if a major atomic attack should come now martial law would become inevitable in a matter of moments and the military forces would he hard pressed to bring order out of chaos.
The special policy committee of the NPA which made the report was headed by H. Christian Sonne, president, the South Ridge Corp. of Jersey City, and included 24 other members. Among these members were Otto L. Nelson, President of the New York Life Insurance Co., and Mayor Frank P. Zeidler of Milwaukee.
States and cities are urged to buy 1000 two hundred bed emergency hospitals under matching funds. F.C.D.A. will stockpile 5,000 of them during the next five years, and with another thousand for training purposes it is estimated that they will he prepared for a real emergency. The 13 tons of equipment can he transported on a single trailer-truck type vehicle and carted to a pre-selected site such as a school building, and set up in 120 nian hours.
A California firm is putting out a stainless steel bracelet with name and other pertinent data on it which can be worn for CD identification in place of the "dog tag." The cost, 75, and the address, CD Identifications, P.O. Box 12, Long Beach 1, California.

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If HE GEORGIA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, George J. Hearn, State Director

Vol. 5, No. 7

Atlanta, Ga.

July, 1955

REPORT ON NATION-WIDE CIVIL DEFENSE TEST

THE DIRECTOR SAYS . . .
I wish to devote my column this month to commending one of the finest group of citizens in the State of Georgia -the Local Civil Defense Directors.
During the past four years many commendations have been made to the State Director for the outstanding job being done in civil defense. These commendations belong to the Local Civil Defense Directors because they are the ones that are doing most of the work.
I believe that Civil Defense DiJ:ectors are the most patriotic group of Americans we have today. In addition to working for free, they are faced with one of the most gigantic tasks ever undertaken in this State and that is the educating of over three and one-half million Georgians in a new and vital subject. With the advent of nuclear and thermonuclear weapons civil defense has become a
Continued on Page 4

"OPERATION ALERT 1955," a Nation-wide Civil Defense Test which lasted for a total of 26 hours June 15 and 16, provided much needed information for the Georgia State Civil Defense Staff and was termed highly successful by that group.
Representatives of all State departments who acted as the <:hiefs of services played the exercise for the whole period which theoretically covered 9 days operation.
Atlanta, the Critical Target City in Georgia, received the Yellow Alert (Lemon Juice) shortly after 11:00 a.m. on the morning of June 15. The Alert was dispatched by State Patrol Headquarters and all stations in the State had acknowledged receipt of same 8 minutes later. As the Alert went out, the State Chiefs reported immediately to Headquarters. Communication began to function between cities. Amateurs reported representing 47 cities. Of the 118 amateurs working in Civil Defense Communication, 80 participated in this exercise and delivered 5,662 messages.
TWX and Army Mars Radio Station provided communication between the State and Region offices. State owned "Disaster Net' ' stations provided lines between the various city offices and the State with amateurs providing field communication to the cities.
The Red Alert (Apple Jack) warn-

ing was received by the State Patrol and all stations acknowledged in 5 minutes. Atlanta was assumed to have been hit with a 50 X bomb, ground burst at 2:33 p.m., suffering 103,000 killed and 84,000 injured. This represented, in addition to casualties, millions of dollars in loss to industry, and the destruction of nearly all hospitals. All fire equipment in Georgia and adjacent States was assumed to be in action in Atlanta. All cities were used in support of Atlanta. The State Traffic Control Plan was put into effect.
As a result of this test plans will be made to give more consideration to radioactive "Fall Out." It was discovered more room will be required in the Control Center. Efforts to complete the Alternate State Control Center will be stepped up. Additional radio frequencies will be required. Welfare Services must plan far in advance to cope with' "Fall Out" evacuation.
The Federal Government will be run from about thirty dispersed centers in case of an atomic attack on Washington. These bureau and department auxiliary headquarters have already been set up and stocked with the files and' data necessary for functioning of the departments in case the one in Washington is destroyed.

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S. E.
GEORGE J. HEARN Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
Mrs. John G. Lewis Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer
KELSO HEARN Administrative Aide
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
A. MACK DODD Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
GOC COORD INA TOR'S SEMINAR
Sixty Air Force officers from the continental United States, Alaska and Canada met in Colorado Springs during the week of June 19-26, for a semina~ on civilian Ground Observer Corps a.ir defense activities. The GOC is operationally part of the Continental Air Defense Command, whose headquarters is in Colorado Springs.
The seminar was similar in pattern and purpose to a course of study held last year for air defense filter center commanders. Students in attendance this year, however, with the exception of the Canadian group, were composed of military state Civil Air Defense coordinators from the capitols of every state in the Union. Officers from Canada and Alaska were also present hecause of the close coordination of Ground Observer Corps operations in those two areas with the observer program in the continental United States.
Keynote speaker at the opening class was Col. Robert L. Scott, Director of Information Services, U.S. Air Force. Col. Scott is a military public relations specialist and author, one of whose hooks, "God is My Co-Pilot," has won high critical acclaim and wide readership. His home is in Macon, Ga.
Major Tom Turhiville, USAF Coordinator for the Ground Observer Corps in Georgia, attended this seminar.

GEORGIA WOMEN'S CLUBS ACTIVE IN CIVIL DEFENSE
At its annual convention the Georgia Federation of Women's Clubs
awarded a CERTIFICATE of ACHIEVEMENT to the Jonesboro,
Gordon, Golden Isles and Comer WoiiBn 's Clubs in recognition of the outstanding record made in carrying out the Federation's three point plan in Nationa 1 Defense with activities centered around Home Defense and the Civil Defense Home Protection Exercises.
Certificates were also presented to the clubs in each of the ten districts with outstanding records, namely, Savannah Women's Federation, first; Albany Woman's Club and Tifton Junior Woman's Club, second; Cordele Woman's Club, third; Jonesboro Woman's Club and Forest Park Woman's Club, fourth; Sandy Springs Woman's Club, Hobby Gardeners' Club and Kirkwood Woman's Club, fifth; Gordon Woman's Club, sixth; Smyrna Woman's Club, seventh; and Golden Isles Woman's Club, eighth; Cleveland Woman's Club, ninth; Comer Woman's Club, tenth.
The Huntington Club, Georgia Power Woman's Club, Fort Valley Woman's Club, Clarkeston Community Woman's Club, Sylvan Hills Garden Club, Macon Woman's Club, Eton Woman's Club, Homerville Woman's Club, Cornelia Woman's Club, Norcross Woman's Club, Wednesday Study Club and Hartwell Woman's Club received Honorable Mention.
The eighth district chairman, Mrs. E. C. Allen of Brunswick was commended for the number of reports sent in and Mrs. G. W. Freiberg of Augusta, tenth dis trict chairman for the special plan of work.
The Georgia Federation is continuing its emphasis on Home Protection and training in Civil Defense during the coming year. No doubt there will he special interest in the Home Fire Prevention and Home Fire Fighting phases of the Civil Defense program due to the fact that the Federation's new fund raising project is the sale of a junior size fire extinguisher. For information concerning this fire extinguisher contact the woman's club in your community.

WHAT THEY ARE SAYING-
Pres ident Eisenhower said that unexpected Soviet progres s in plane production should spur Civil Defense activities
The President's comments on Civil Defense were in answer to a query as to whether the Moscow air show would mean the need for more money for new weapons.
Saying that there had been no decision in terms of budget, the President added:
''But, ldo believe this: I would he hopeful that it would bring about and inspire a speed-up in the enthusiasm of the average citizen to do his part in this. I must reiterate that Civil Defense is largely a job that falls on each of us- ourselves. It's a matter of discipline; it's training; it is local work largely. The Federal government can get into the thing with leadership, with models, with examples and, of course, in certain instances, with storage of supplies and all the rest of it."
* * * * *
General Curtis LeMay, commander of the Strategic Air Command, notified FCDA June 9 of his support of Operation Alert. He said the test provides the nation with "a tremendous opportunity to arm itself with the practical knowledge necessary to achieve a state of preparedness equal to the threat of nuclear warfare which confronts the world today. I cannot too strongly stress the importance which the Strategic Air Command attafhes to this exercise, nor too strongly urge the partiCipation and cooperation of local officials everywhere," he de clare d. "Let it he remembered that we in the military and you in civil defense are partners -e qual p~ners - in the defense of this nation."
* * * * *
Val Peterson, Federal Civil De fense Administrator t old the U.S. Conference of Mayors meeting in New York on May 21 that they should work defense planning into all phases of their city governments. "If you build civil defense into every element," he said, "You will have millions of trained people in your organization immediately.

2

JULY, 1955

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- ------THE ALERT

1955 CIVIL DEFENSE CLASS AND INSTRUCTORS Above is the first class held at the University of Georgia for administrative Civil Defense personnel under the three year agreement recently signed by General George /. Hearn, State CD Director, and the FCDA. Similar classes will be held every six months for a period of three years. The course lasted
from May 23 to May 27.

MASS FEEDING COOK BOOK
NOW AVAILABLE
Quantity Recipes, written by specialists in institution management at the New York State College of Home Economics at Cornell University, contains over 200 pages of information on group feeding. It includes more than 600 tested low-cost recipes, not only for main dishes but for a-great variety of soups, salads, hot breads, desserts, and beverages. Each recipe is designed to serve 50 people. It is presented step by step with specific information on temperature and cooking time, exact amount or weight of ingredients, and ways to keep the dish hot or cold during the lag between cooking and serving.
Other sections deal with ways to figure the cost of recipes and to obtain uniform servings. Photographs of standard equipment are also included.
Civil Defense directors and others may order Quantity Recipes at cost, which is $1, from the Mailing Room, Stone Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y. When orders are for 10 or more copies mailed to a single address, the price is 85 per copy, plus shipping charges.
JULY, 1955

WADSWORTH NAMED COLUMBUS
CIVIL DEFENSE DIRECTOR
Dixon Wadsworth, Jr., has been named Civil Defense Director for Columbus, Georgia.
The City Commission of Columbus on 14 June, 1955, unanimously approved the 42-year-old businessman to the unpaid post formerly held by B. H. Hardaway. Major Hardaway submitted his resignation in March because his doctor restricted his activities following illness last December.
Mr. Wadsworth is owner of Wadsworth Insulating and Awning Company. He is presently a reserve lieutenant colonel in the Corps of Military police and served two and one-half years in the Army during World War II. He was provost marshall at Karachi, India, for 14 months and served in New Delhi and Calcutta, India, for four months respec-
tively.
A resident of Columbus since he was 4, Wadsworth resides at 2617 Hilton Avenue with his wife and daughter.
The Alert wishes Mr. Wadsworth much success in this new and important position.

The Veterans of Foreign Wars, Department of Georgia , during their annua l c onvention in June adopted the following resolution:

"WHEREAS the Veterans of Foreign

Wars, Department of Georgia, are in Thir-

teenth Annual Enc a mpment assembled this

nineteenth day of June in the year of our

Lord nineteen hundre d and fifty -five, and

WHEREAS the s ecurity of the nation is

dependent upon an active and alert Civil Defense program, and

WHE R E AS an imp ortant function of Civil

Defens e is the evac uation and rescue of all

civilia ns in the ev e n t of an atomic blast

and

'

WHEREAS it is necessary to determine

with a high degree of accuracy whether or not a partic ular are a is s a fe to be occupied and how long it may be occupied, and

WHEREAS there has been developed radiological me ters to determine whether

or not a p articular area is safe or unsafe, and

WHEREAS the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States have delegated them-

selves to defend their country, not only on

the battlefield, but al so in civilian life and all members have pledged their support of all Civil Defense programs, and

WHEREAS the Department of Georgia, Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United

States has many posts with qualified men to learn the operation and maintenance of radiologic al meters, and

WHEREAS the various posts of this department desire to purchase radiological

meters and provide manpower for the main-

tenance and operation of the meters in an

effort to further the safety of all civilians in the event of an atomic attack.

NOW THER EFO RE BE IT R E SOLVED by the Thirteenth Annual Encampment of

the De p artment of Georgi a, Veterans of

Forei gn Wars of the Unite d States that the entire C ivil Defe nse program of the State of

Georgia be and same is hereby whole-heartedly endorsed the progr am to provide radiological mete rs.

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that each post in the Dep artment of Ge orgia is hereby re que ste d t o pllfcha s e , or assist in the

purchase, radiological mete r s for u se in the

locality in which the post is loc ated.

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that each post prov ide the necessary manpower to

maint ain, operate a nd house a r adiological me ter.

DE IT FURTHER RE SOLVE D that copies of this resolution be sent to the Adjutant General, Governor, press and

radio. ''

The Veterans of Foreign Wars, De-

partment of Georgia have always coop-

erated with our civil defe nse program.

T he above resol ution is a n example of

the ir interest in their community, state

a nd nation, and I wish to commend

them for this patriotic action.

3

THE ALERT------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CIVIL AIR PATROL
READY WITH LIGHT
AIRCRAFT TO AID CD
Two major problems with which the United States will be confronted in case of an atomic attack are mass evacuation and the delivery of aid to those who are caugbt within the blast area.
In either case, private pilots with light planes based at hundreds of airfields across the nation will be called upon to perform a variety of missions for which their planes and their training are especially adapted, according to Major General LucasV. Beau, National Commander of the Civil Air Patrol.
General Beau revealed that thPCAP already has more than 5,300 planes available from coast-to-coast to support local Civil Defense organizations, as well as to perform certain non-combatant miss ions in support of the Air Force.
In many cities, he explained, planes and volunteer crewmen of the CAP have already begun t1aining for the critical role they will be called upon to play and that city officials and Civil Defense authorities have been enthusiastic in their praise of the assistance rendered by light aircraft.
Should an enemy nuclear bomb devastate an American city, the light plane and its civil pilot will have the important role of flying in nurses, doctors, medical supplies and uncontaminated food and water. Critical supplies and rescue personnel could be brought in quickly to the center of the disaster area, whereas, surface transportation would be hin-

McGILL ELECTED PRESIDENT
NATIONAL ASSO STATE CD
DIRECTORS
William L. McGill, State Coordinator of Defense and Disaster Relief for Texas, was elected president of the National Association of State and Territorial Civil Defense Directors at the organization's recent meeting in Las Vegas.
McGill succeeds Brigadier General William Hesketh, State Civil Defense Director of Connecticut.
Colonel John McGreevy, State Civil Defense Director of Rhode Island, was re-elected secretary-treasurer of the Association.
dered by wrecked bridges, toppled buildings and abandoned vehicles.
The CAP leader related that the effectiveness of the light planes was proved last summer during the Civil Defense program's "Operation Alert."
He said that CAP plalles, operating out of a 900-foot football field in downtown Washington, D.C., airlifted 1,700 pints of whole blood to within 100 yards of the Civil Defense command post in the nation's capitol. In still another training mission at Philadelphia, Pa., an entire field hospital, complete with 16 beds, two doctors, four nurses, first aid attendants, its own electric powerplant and portable operating table and equipment, were flown in the city after a mock atomic attack on the Philadelphia Navy Yard. Contemporary light planes ranging from singleseater planes to four-seater planes were used in the operation.

THE DIRECTOR SAYS:
Continued from Page 1
new dimension in community thought and planning.
The effectiveness of any civil defense program, national, state, or local, must be measured in terms of people. The whole idea of civil defense is to help the individual protect himself, his family and his property, and to make the best use of his own specialties and skills as part of his local civil defense organization.
As Director of Civil Defense for Georgia, I urge all of you to help prepare to meet the demands of an emergency, should one occur, by volunteering to your Local Civil Defense Director for the particular civil defense service for which you are best fitted. Your security tomorrow may depend on what you do today.
AIR RAID SIRENS TAKE
ON NEW SIGNIFICANCE
The ear-splitting wail of the air raid siren heard each Saturday will take on new significance in Miami, Florida. The City Commission passed a resolution asking that people who hear it, and that's just about everyone in Greater Miami, stop for a moment of prayer asking God's guidance for peace, that wars and rumors of wars be ba_nished to the limbo of forgotten memones.
Who can give blood? Anyone between the ages of 18
and 59, at least 110 pounds in weight and in normally good health. Minors must receive the signed consent of parent or legal guardian.

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THE GEORGIA

UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA

G '=

-
1

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, George J. Hearn, State Director

Atlanta, Ga.

August, 1955

SIX STEPS TO SURVIVAL

THE DIRECTOR
SAYS - - -
This month I wish to devote my column to an article I read recently. The writer of this article is anonymou...:; hut it is a mighty good thought for all.
"The recent revelations by the Atomic Energy Commission of the essential data currently being developed and released as a result of radioactive fallout from nuclear and thermo-nuclear explosions, are of the utmost importance and involve every citizen of every town, village, township , city and county in the United States. No one - no area, however, remote, is now exempt from its effects. These revelations have special significance to those who are charged with the responsibility for leadership at every level, because they pose problems which demand the best thinking, the best preparation, the best and most aggressive action of which we are capable.

PREPARE YOUR FAMILY FOR EMERGENCIES: The family is the
mainspring of civil defense. Get your family to work as a team in preparing for emergencies- whether from enemy attack or local disaster. Take the Red Cross First Aid and Home Nursing Courses. Keep a first-aid kit handy and well stocked. Lay in enough emergency food and water to sustain your family for a week. Keep this supply in your home shelter, and rotate or replace regularly to keep fresh. A flashlight, a battery-uperated radio, a can opener, first-aid supplies, and emergency cooking and sanitation facilities should be kept there , too.
LEARN THE CIVIL DEFENSE PUBLIC ACTION SIGNALS: Memo-
rize your local signals so that you will know what to do instinctively. The Alert Signal, which means attack is probable, is a stea dy blast of three to five minutes' duration. When you hear this, tune in on Conelrad (640 or 1240). Follow Civil Defense directions promptly. The alert signal will mean evacuation or mobilization of civil defense forces, depending on your loc ation. The Take Cover Signal is a wailing tone, or a series of short blasts, of three minutes' duration. When you hear this, it indicates that attack is imminent and you must take the best available shelter.
KNOW THE CONELRAD STATIONS: At the first indication of
enemy bombers approaching the United States, all television and FM radio stat ions will go off the air.

Continued on Page 4

All standard (AM) stations will likewise go silent. The Conelrad stations, 640 or 1240, are your surest and fastest means of getting emergency civil defense information and instructions. Mark those numbers on your radio set- now!
FOLLOW THESE EVACUATION PRINCIPLES: The best protection
against atomic or hydrogen bombs is -don't be there! In major cities, where there is sufficient warning time, this means pre-attack evacuation. Instructions will be broadcast over Conelrad frequency following
the Alert Signal. You will be told what evacuation route to take. Take enough suitable clothing and emergency food and supplies with you.
BUILD A HOME SHELTER: Here
are three reasons why everyone should have a home shelter.
l. In a sneak attack, or where there is insufficie nt warning for evacuation, any shelter is better than no shelter.
2. If you live far enough outside a target area to be relatively safe from blast and fire, there is still a chance you will be subjected to radio-active fallout from the bomb cloud. Even homes 150 miles or more downwind from major cities may lie in the possible fallout zone.
3. Home shelters are also good safety insurance against tornadoes and other types of natural disasters.
The best protection against radioactive fallout is an outdoor shelter covered by at least three feet of earth, and with a suitable device to filter out the dust. If you think you
Continued on Page 4

THE ALERT---------------------------------------------------------------------------

ntE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the

FCDA STAFF COLLEGE COURSE FOR NURSES

NEW FCDA APPOINTMENTS IN REGION Ill

CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
GEORGE J. HEARN Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer Mrs. John G. Lewis Coordinator, Women's Activities JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer KELSO HEARN Administrative Aide JERRY Ct.iJBLE Northern Area Director A. MACK DODD Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
CHECK LIST FOR SCHOOLS
New York City Superintendent of Schools has issued a Check List to all their schools in order to determine progress in Civil Defense measures and take appropriate action where inadequacies are indicated.
.Nine of the items listed on this check list were: 1. Are your parents aware of the replacement possibilities for lost identification tags? 2. Is the emergency directory information for your school currently correct? 3. Has your school neighborhood been carefully surveyed for po8sible alternate shelters? 4. Have your School Defense Aides been encouraged to take the first aid Self-Hell? and Neighbor-Help course? 5. Is the location and telephone number of your school's Civil Defense district control center displayed near the office ~lephone? 6. Are your escort lists for kindergarten through 3rd year children currently correct? 7. Is your
s: staff aware of its emergency respon-
sibilities? Does your school have an effective ongoing program for the enrollment of new School Defense Aides? 9. Are your staff and children aware of the precautions to be taken against post-attack residual radiation?

The first Federal Civil Defense Administration Staff College Course for Nurses is scheduled to be given at the FCDA Headquarters, Battle Creek, Michigan, November 16 through 19, 1955.
The program will include three days of intensive txaining and instruction in the principles of Civil Defense, especially as they affect the Casualty Care Services. One day will be devoted exclusively to outlining, the special role of nurses in Civil Defense Emergency Casualty Care.
There will be only thirty-five vacancies for nurses in this particular course. Therefore, the Local Civil Defense Directors are urged to review as soon as possible any key nursing personnel in your area who may wish to attend this course and advise them to file their applications without delay. Applications should be submitted to the Federal Civil Defense Administration, Battle Creek, Michigan, through the State Office.
Comfortable quarters will be provided at the FCDA National Headquarters at a nominal rate for those who desire to live-in.
U. S. POSTAL RECORDS
DISPERSED
Postmaster General Arthur Summerfield said recently that a dispersal of both post office records and administrative functions had been effected to assure survival of the mail service in the event of localized enemy attac.k "Now,"he sat.d, " no matter what happens in Washington the machinery is in the field and it can operate the service efficiently:. Most of our management functions are being dispersed to 14 widely separated regional offices and 92 district offices and our irreplaceable records have been completely dispersed to several strategically located depositories. As a result, the postal .service is far less vulnerable to enemy attack. It can survive localized holocausts.''

There has been two new appointments to the regional staff of the
Federal Civil Defense Administration at Thomasville, Ga.
Colonel R. C. Stewart Sidney, one of the pioneer faculty members of the FCDA Staff College, has been appointed Regional Training and Education Officer.
Miss Nelle L. Williams, a native of Marshall, Michigan, who has had a number of years experience in public assistance work, has been appointed Regional Welfare Officer.
Colonel Stewart Sidney during the past several months had been Training and Operatio11s Officer for the Florida State Civil Defense Council. In 1951 he joined FCDA and assisted in developing the curriculum for the FCDA Staff College, then located at. Olney, Md. He remained on the faculty until early this year when he resigned to accept the Florida position. He has a distinguished record in the British Army, serving with the Embassy of India in Washington from 1947 until first joining FCDA.
Miss Williams has served in variious supervisory positions with the American National Red Cross, New York State Emergency Relief Administration, Federal Emergency Relief Administration, War Manpower Commission and several family service agencies. She is a member of the American Association of Social Workers and the American Association of University Women.
FLOATING RADAR STATION
The world's first floating radar station, to give early warning of approaching enemy planes, is scheduled to be towed July 12 from Boston to its spotting anchorage 110 miles off Cape Cod in the Atlantic Ocean. The 6,000 ton "Texas tower" is the first in a circle of outer warning stations proposed to protect 1,500 miles of coast from Newfoundland to Norkfolk, Va., against enemy planes.

2

AUGUST, 1955

WEATHER MAN IS NAMED

Governor Marvin Griffin proclaims July 14, 1955, as Ground Observer Corps Day in Georgia. Shawn above is the Governor signing the official proclamation at the State Capitol while Major T. W. Turbiville, US AF Coordinator for the Ground Observer
Corps in Georgia , looks on.

TO PERMANENT CD STAFF
The Federal Civil Defense Administration announced the addition of a permanent weather scientist to its staff.
Charles K. Shafer, 37, has been assigned by the- U. S. Weather Bureau in Washington to FCDA National Headquarters in Battle Creek, Michigan.
The Assistant Administrator for FCDA'S Operations Control Serv ices, said Shafer will be meteorologist in charge of the Weather Bureau project to provide both consultant and operational meteorological services to civil defense.
Shafer's principal undertakingwill be the preparation of fallout forecasts - charting from high-altitude measurements the probable pattern of radioactive fallout should a hydrogen bomb explode in one of the nation's rnajor cities.
The weather scientist has been on detail to FCDA since April, and provided meteorologicai support to civil defense from Battle Creek during Operation Alert 1955, in June.
CONELRAD RADIOS READY

PRESIDENT TALKS ON CD
''We acknowledge, as we look at the prohabk face of future warfare -- if ever we must face that tragedy -- we acknowledge that every hamlet and important city of the United States is likely to be on the front lines. If that is true, why do we not want someone in those front l ines that is trained and ready to do something sensible and logi.cal instead of giving way, as most of us would, undoubtedly, to the hysteria of the moment and just light out running? We have to have discipline. We have to have people that are trained as to what to expect, andrespond logically. So, from the standpoint of the United States and the character of warfare, I am merely showing that over and above the old need of reinforcmg active units to

Sir Winston Churchill, referring to Civil Defense in a message to the House of Commons shortly before he retired as Britian's Prime Minister, said: "No city, no family nor any honorable man or woman can repudiate this duty and accept from others help they are not prepared to fit themselves to render in return. If war comes, great numbers may be relieved of their duty by death, but none. must deny it as long as they live."
carry on conventional types o war fare, you need someone- in each state- over and above its National Guard contingents -somebody -disciplined and ready to act and support the police and fire prevention action that must take place locally." (President Dwight D. Eisenhower at his 7lst Presidential news confer-
ence on June 8, 1955)

The Commercial Productions, Division of Aircraft Armaments, Inc. at Cockeysville, Maryland, recently sent State Civil Defense Headquarters one of their Conelradios on a demonstration basis.
We believe this little radio to be practical and economical for receiving air raid warnings and recommend it to the field for consideration.
It combines the standard radio 'with a twenty-four hour a day fully automatic alarm. The alarm is actuated by the Conelrad procedure in the event of an alert. It has a fine tone quality, and the alarm is "on" at all times, whether it is receiving a program or resting at your bedside.
When the alarm is actuated, it produces a loud low-pitched wail, alerting you to retune to the standard CD frequency in time to hear the first, and all subsequent messages from the Civil Defense organization.

AUGUST, 1955

3

THE .ALERT---------------------------------------------------------------------------

MOBILE MASS-FEEDING

SIX STEPS TO SURVIVAL

THE DIRECTOR SAYS:

TEAMS MUST OPERATE

Continued from Page 1

continued from page 1

INDEPENDENTLY, FCDA SAYS

have some of the radioactive dust on you, take no chances - remove

In these days of increasing international tension there is only one

The Federal Civil Defense Admin-

yo ur outer clothing and bathe ex-

practical thing for us to do to meet

istration has stated tha t mobile posed parts immediately, using the threat which hangs heavily over

mass-feeding teams planned for use if a war emergency comes should be prepared to feed 1000 persons one

strong soap if possible .
READ THESE FACTS ABOUT RADIOACTIVE FALLOUT: Normal

us. That is, TO BE PREPARED! Our people must be conditioned and trai .. rl men tally, physically and

meal and to operate independently of local resources during the first 24 hours.
FCDA said the chief value of the teams planned or organized through-

amounts of radiation are harmless. It is only when it is present in concentrated amounts, s nc h as are created by ground bursts ofhydrogen or the larger atomic bombs, that radio-

psyc:O 0logically if they are to recover sh c t~l d an attack ever be launched against ~s. If an event should occur,
many millions of people will die un-
necessarily if we are not trained to

out the country would be to supplement surviving food outlets and

active fallout can cause serious injury or death to those who remain

know and to do the things which can save our lives, our homes, our fac-

emergency feeding facilities. They would feed dislocated popu-

in the open without protective cover. Your civil defense officials, in con-

tories, and perhaps freedom itself. If you have not already developed

lations, civil defense workers and sultation with the Weather Bureau, a Civil Defense organization - do

injured people in improvised hospi- will keep you posted on the direction so at once; if you do have a Civil

tals in reception areas.

of possible radioactive fallout, Defense organization, stimulate and

The agency has proposed that should an attack occur, and tell you expand its scope, efficiency and

each team be organized with about what to do. The best way to survive effectiveness; if you are not now

five key persons experienced in the hazards of radioactive fallout, giving Civil Defense in your com-

quantity food preparation and service. FCDA said:

or any other threat an enemy may use against us, is to be prepared-

munity your wholehearted support, do so, personally, officially and fi-

"This type of team with food supplies and the equipment suggested can feed 1000 persons a simple, stew-type meal and a cup of coffee in the first 24-hour period."
It said the teams must expect to operate on their own after a n emergency "until local supplies and personnel can be augmented."
FCDA estimated that the food and equipment to do the job would oc-

know the facts -learn what to do, now!
The following equipment, however, would be desirable: three stoves to operate by L. P. gas, gasoline or wood; six 10-gal. nesting-type pots; four 20-gal. pots;four butcher knives; three paring knives; one handoperated food grinder; four 15-inch ladles with 8-oz. capacity; four 15inch cooking forks; one butcher saw;

nancially. It is of vital importance to you ,
your families and to every citizen of the communities and territory under your jurisdiction that Civil Defense
be implemented and developed to the highest degree possible, under a determined leadership.
At this critical and dangerous hour in our nation's history let's not be found wanting."

cupy about 50 eubic feet or about the capacity of a pickup truck.

one folding work table; one ax; one can opener; one broom; soap; one

Question. "When your radio broadcast goes off of the air during an air

FCDA said a feeding team could operate on an improvised basis for some items of equipment and under severe emergency conditions with a minimum of items.

250 to 500-gal. water trailer or other containers; four 5-gal. water cans, 1000 each of paper plates, plastic spoons, and cups for hot and cold beverages.

raid warning, how can you find out what it is all about?" Answer. "Turn your radio dial to either 640 or 1240 (AM not FM). Those are the CONELRAD frequencies."

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UNIVERSITY OF

HE GEORGIA ~

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, George J. Hearn, State Director

+ - Vol. 5, No. 9

Atlanta, Ga.

September, 1955

'

PANIC NOT LIKELY IN ATTACK SCIENTISTS REPORT

George J. Hearn
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS - - ..
The Soviets have startled and puzzled Americans recently with their new styled friendship diplomacy. Some people think it is sincere. Others believe it is just another Soviet propaganda trick.
American radio commentators took their microphones into the streets of London, Paris, and New York City recently. They asked the average man and woman what they thought about Russia's so-called new look in diplomacy- meaning the Soviet switch from a hard boiled attitude to the smiling, friendly approach.
It is interesting that the answers given in London, Paris and New York were very similar. The Europeans and Americans declared they hoped the Russian friendliness was sincere. However, practically every person interviewed added that he or she thought it best to wait and see.
When asked why that hesitancy the
Continued on Page 4

Predictions that a large number of Americans will react to the threat of an enemy attack by becoming panicstricken are not supported by the existing evidence.
This finding is contained in a statement on the problem of panic prepared at the request of the Federal Civil Defense Administration by a subcommittee of the Committee on Disaster Studies, National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences, and unanimously adopted by the full Committee.
Declaring that current "hunches and guesses" on the probability of war-induced panic seem to go far beyond the know11 facts in emphasizing the likelihood of its occurrence m this country, the report states:
"Many of the forecasts and discussions concerning panic which have received wide publicity assume that it will not be too difficult for an enemy nation to strike terror into the hearts of Americans- especially through the use of atomic and thermonuclear bombs. To the enormous loss of life and propertyso runs the theme- panic or mass hysteria will add devastating disorganization and paralysis, a weapon more horrible in its effects than any known to man."
This, the report says, just isn't so. It declares:
"An assessment of the facts shows that the existing evidence falls far short of supporting such a

vivid and dramatic prediction. "The authenticated instances of
mass panic known to have occurred in the last 50 years have been few in number and have been very restricted in their effect. Although there has been war somewhere in the world almost continuously during this time, it is a significant and somewhat astonishing fact that there have been few instances of mass panic directly connected with enemy attack on a civilian popula-
tion~
"Moverover, studies of terrified people who have been stunned by an overwhelming disaster indicate that panic states are usually of short duration, and that excited and irrational behavior can usually be prevented or quickly brought to a stop if effective leadership and realistic information is provided. A striking finding that emerges from observations in large scale disasters, including the A-bomb attack against Japan and the massive bombing assaults against England and Germany, is that the people who are most frightened and most upset very soon become extremely docile and can easily be induced to conform to the rules and regulations of the local authorities."
A hypothetical situation after a major disaster has struck, where thousands of injured, confused, or stunned survivors are seeking to escape from fires and from other sources of danger, is used to illus-
Continued on Page 4

THE ALERT----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Pub[ ished monthly by the

GEORGIA CD FORCES ALERTED FOR DIANE

JERRY CAU SLE APPOINTED NATIONAL JAYCEE CHAIRMAN

CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
GEORGE J. HEARN Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director CHARLES T . WHITE Public lnformati on Officer Mrs. John G. Lewis Coordinator, Women's Activities JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer KELSO HEARN Ad ministrative Aide JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director A. MACK DODD Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOY LE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
DON'T GO TO SLEEP!!!
"War to tqe hilt between communism is inevitable. Today, of course, we are not strong enough to attack. Our time will come in 20 or 30 years. To win we shall need the element of surprise. The bourgeoisie will have t o he put to sleep. So we shall hegin by launching the most spectacular peace movement on record. There will be electrifying overtures and unheard of concessions . The capitalist countries, stupid and decadent, will rejoice to cooperate in their own destruction. They will leap at another chance to be friends. As soon as their guard is down, we shall smash them with our clenched fist."
This statement was taken from a speech made by Dimitry Z. Ma nuilsky before the Lenin School of Political Warfare in 1931. Incidentally, Manuilsky was the Presiding Officer of the United Nations Security Council in 1949.
The thinking of Manuils ky confirms the feelings of Rudyard Kipling, British writer and poet, when he wrote in 1898 the following:
"When he shows as seeking quarter, with paws like hands in prayer, That is the time of peril, the time of the Truce of the Bear."

Hurricane Diane caused a flurry of activity among Georgia's Civil Defense forces recently when it looked like for a day or two she was going to slam into our coastline.
As information was obtained from the Weather Bureau in Miami, the Re gional Federal Civil Defense Administration office in Thomasville s e nt out TWX messages to all State offices in the a ffected area.
At our state headquarters, a chart .of the progress of the storm was prepared. Savanna hand all near coastal cities were alerted. All amateur radio operators were alerted and nets were kept open. Periodic weather reports were given a ll amateurs.
As the hour approac hed for the storm to reach our shores, Ge neral Hearn, the State Civil Defense Director, who was in Brunswick, procee ded to Savannah to assist in any way possible with preparations to meet the thre a t. Two of the office staff from Atlanta were on hand to
assist him.
The State Highway Maintenance Department was alerted and the five divisions each had a rescue truck and crew ready to roll. The rescue truck stationed at State headquarters and the Mobile Communications Control Center were ordered to Statesboro to stand by until the storm struck.
In the meantime, the Savannah Civil Defense Director, Mr. Charles J. Musante and his staff were busy. The Communica tions Chief was alerted and he assigned mobile and fixed stations duties in the following manner: One unit at Parker's Station, one unit at Red Cross headquarters, one in Civil Defense headquarters, and one in the Uni on Station, all provided with auxiliary power to use in case electric wires were down.
Mr. Musante a nd his staff worked closely with the Weather Bureau and the radio s tations giving personal ace ounts of the situation to the general pub lic. They assis ted in warning and evac uating Savannah Beach.
Coordination with the Red Cross

Vice President Harold J. Salfen announced in August the appointment of Mr. Jerry Cauble of Decatur, Georgia, as Chairman of the ational Junior Chamber of Commerce Civil Defense Disaster Preparedness Committee.
Mr. Salfen is in charge of the Public Affairs Program for the U.S . Jaycees and stated that this Committee
is part of that program. M-. Cauble
will be charged with the preparing and promoting of a "preparation program" to he submitted for adoption to all Jaycees chapters throughout the nation.
Mr. Cauble, better known as "Jerry" has been associated with the Georgia Civil Defense Office for the past four years as North Georgia Area Director. In this capacity Mr. Cauble has done a splendid job and is well qualified for the post he has been honored with.
In 1952 Mr. Cauble organized the first High School Spotter Club in Athens, Georgia. These Spotter Clubs operate a ground observer post at their schools. In 1953, he set up a civil defense training school at the University of Georgia. This school was one of the first in the nation. For the past year he has been the State Chairman of National Security for the American Legion.
Mr. Cauble is married to the former Bettye Adams of Royston, Georgia, they have one daughter.
the Fire and Police, and Power Company was planned. The Savannah rescue truck was also manned and standing by.
Ma ny calls were received at the Savannah Civil Defense headquarters from persons wanting information on the storm. The state office, through the amateur radio operators, was in contact with South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia offices and messages were also sent to Puerto Rico regarding damage to that country.
All breathed a sigh of relief when the word come that the hurricane had skipped over the Georgia coast.

2

SEPTEMBER, 19S5

MAYOR "TAXI" SMITH STARTS ALBAriY SIRENS

ALBANY ACTIVATES

SIREN SYSTEM

SEARS ROEBUCK EXTENDS

Mayor J. W. "Taxi" Smith of Albany above, pushes the Air Raid Civil Defense siren button that will activate all sirens in the city and Dougherty county. Looking on is Ron. George Mock of the county commission. The siren system was purchased thru the Federal Matching Funds program, with the county and city sharing their half.
Sirens are activated by a "tone control" over the Albany City Police Radio. The "timer" shown in the picture being started by Mayor Smith operated the sirens for the "yellow" alert or the wailing "red" alert.
The installation was the culmination of efforts by Director C. P. Whiting working with Col. Wm. Kerns of the Southeastern Technical Supply Co. of Atlanta and was installed by the City of Albany Electrical Department and the Radio Communication and Engineering Company of Albany.
Tests have proved the equipment as very satisfactory.
If you are going to be a Minute Man, don't be a last-minute man.

CD SUPPORT PROGRAM
Window displays, the mail order catalogue and catalogue sales stores are three new areas into which Sears, Roebuck and Company will extend its program of support to the National Civil Defense Program. Late in 1954, the firm first announced a decision to market in its retail stores civil defense equipment for both general and specialized use.
In October, Sea~' 700 retail stores across the country wil! receive material for a window display featuring Civil Defense. The national display office of the company in Chicago is now preparing a model display, the backdrop for which will be a reproduction of the walls of a shelter area. The window display itself will consist of articles which are recommended for storage in a shelter.
Sears, Roebuck's fine example of cooperation by a private firm in the civil defense program is greatly appreciated and should prove a stimulus to preparation by the public for a possible civil defense emergencyin peace or war.

SEPTE,I, BER, 1955

THE ALERT
NEW WARNING DEVICE
IS APPROVED BY FCDA
The Federal Civil Defense Administration has approved a new type of auxiliary air raid warning device designed for internal use in schools, hospitals, public buildings and other large structures.
The Falcon Alarm Company, Inc., of Summit, N.J., said the gas-powered units, designed to augment standard warning signals, can be heard more than 500 feet and their use will help end confusion in institutions which currently use fire warning bells a~ supplementary air raid alarms.
It is entirely possible that the bell 'llarms could be mistaken for fire drill signals and the pupils and teachers may take the fire drill action rather than the air raid alarm action required.
Distinctive air raid warning devices already are required by educator~> in several states because of the possibility of such confusion.
The Falcon horn consists of an ll-inch-long steel cylinder of compressed Freon gas topped by a specially engineered horn assembly.
Operated manually as an auxiliary warning unit, tests show that the horn has a fuel capacity sufficient to produce 440 two-second blasts rated between 90 and llO decivels.
It is not considered adequate for outdoor use as part of an outdoor warning system due to its continuous duty limitations. A device of this type is therefore limited to indoor use.
Designed for use in short signal blasts, the Falcon horns can be recharged with harmless Freon by qualified refrigerator servicemen or returned to the manufacturer's New Jersey plant for servicing at nominal cost.
FCDA said its regional offices "have been advised that applications may be approvedon a matching fund basis for this device, provided that it is indicated that it will be used for civil defense interior alert-
m. g. "
The Falcon Signal Horns retail for $24.95 each.
3

THE ALERT--------------------------------------------------------------------~-----

Continued from Page 1
trate the effective use of realistic information to prevent panic. The report has this to say:
"Here the major problem is posed by the likelihood that large numbers of trapped people will converge upon limited escape routes. Advance planning requires the establishment of a number of alternative escape routes from each target area. Of even greater importance is continual reconnaissance of the flow of people and traffic. This should preferably take place thro~gh some method of inspection by air in order to obtain maximum scanning of the affected area, and of the condition of the various 'escape hatches.' Information thus obtained and the resulting instructions should then be relayed over the length and breadth of the traffic stream by available means
of communication. H information to
the survivors is kept constantly correct and is based upon reality, the possibility of post-disaster panic will be markedly reduced."
In conclusion, the authors of the report declare:
"There is every reason to believe that, rather than panic, the dominant reaction of the American people will continue to be an energetic, adaptive response to whatever threats and dangers they face.''

THE DIRECTOR SAYS:
Continued from Page 1
reply was-we think the smiles may be just more communist propaganda. We have seen the Soviets smile before. That attitude proves the man on the street and the diplomats think very much alike regarding communist tactics.
President Eisenhower went to Geneva two months ago declaring that America's hand of friendship was extended to all who would grasp it honestly. At the same time Soviet Premier Bulganin gave assurances that Russia would make an honest effort to solve international problems. Then, later at the Geneva Conference, we saw that there still were differences between the American and Soviet concepts of peace.
During recent months we have seen an exchange of American and Russian farm visitors. All was very cordial at both ends of the line. Russia also has opened its doors to visiting American Newspapet Editors. And the latest move in the communist-be nice to America campaign- is the strangest of all. The Soviets invited four American church leaders to preach sermons in Russia during this month of August. They can talk on any subject they choose.
Now, that is without a doubt the most startling concession ever made

tures are described as part of a campaign to bring America ar.d Russia closer together. The moves are truly revolutionary. And they'll be wonderful if they really put an end to the bitter and costly cold war that has divided the world into two hostile camps -democracy with its freedoms versus communismwith its oppression and slavery imposed upon millions of people.
However, the citizens of London, Paris and New York made a real point when they suggested that we wait and see if the communist smiles are real or just more propaganda. Those people, as well as you and I know that the objective of the communist is world domination and the United States is the only obstacle remaining to keep them from obtaining their objectives.
I say let's wait and see what the communist smiles of friendship are all about and to which I add -let's stay alert and on guard while we wait. That's how far I trust a communist.
CONELRAD
At the requestof the Office of Defense Mobilization, a committee has been appointed to review the CONELRAD program. The committee will determine what revisions, if any, can he made to improve pure civil

by the Soviets whose leaders from defense aspects of the program

ANNOUNCING:
Director George ]. Hearn and Mrs.
Gertrude Harris, chairman announce that the next meeting of the Georgia Women's Advisory Committee will he held in Savannah, Georgia, November 10 & ll at the DeSoto Hotel.

Marx and Lenin and Stalin have consistently defiled all of our religious beliefs. They have attacked christianity in terms so disgusting that no one has ever doubted Communism's boast of being the world's most violent
atheists. All of those un-communistic ges-

without compromising its primary role as an overall national security measure. The Federal Civil Defense Administration, Federal Communications Commission, Department of Defense, and other interested agencies are represented on the committee.

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THE GEORGIA

UNlVERSITY OF GEORGIA
OCT 14 1955

Department of Defense. Ci~il Defehse Division, George J. Hearn, State Director

Vol. 5, No. 10

Atlanta, Ga.

October, 1955

OPERATION HOMEFRONT

MESSAGE

From! Pearle H. Wates D1rectar of Women's Activities Region Ill, F.C. D.A. Thomas vi lie, Georgia

To: George J. Hearn, Di rector Civil Defense Oivisian Department of Defense State of Georgia

George J. Hearn
THE DIRECTOR
SAYS --
'
Our Regional CivilDefense Office has designated November 6th -12th as "Operation Home Front Week." We in Georgia are delighted to participate in "Operation Home F ront" as it is a concerted Civil Defense drive to create a lasting public awareness of the necessity for family preparedness against emergency or disaster.
This Operation is designed to accomplis h three p~incip,al objectives in the home, e.g., assemble and maintain a 7-day family food and water supply -assemble and maintain a family first aid kit- keep a half tank (minimum) of gasoline in the family car at all tim<!s. This is . a common sense plan for family survival. On the i'nside page's of this issue of the "Alert" are listed the suggested first aid kit for each home and the 7-day family food and

Operation Homefront is designed to become a concrete expression of the inter1st of the people in Region III, F .C.D.A., in preparing against disaster, either natura l or national. Since pioneer days, the ability to be self-sufficient, and even to help our neighbors during an emergency, has been a characteristic of every Americart citizen.
However, a great difference exists in ach ieving preparedness today and in Colonial times. ow, one careful shopping. trip to the grocery store, one pilrchase from the corner druggist and a stop at the filling station on the way home can assure you and your family of protection from hunger, treatment of minor injurie s and transportation to safety during a severe a nd prolonged emergency.
Evacuation is the dominant note in all Civil Defense planning. It is now known that in the event of enemy
water supply. I wish to take this opportunity to
urge each Local Civil Defense Director to cooperate in this worthwhile operation. I believe that it will greatly help your own civil defense organization.

attack the population of target areas, especially the target areas, will have to be evacuated. In such an instance, the family automobile takes on a new value. It will not only be the method of transportation to the designated support area, but it may have to be a place of shelter also. With a 7-day supply of food and water ready to be stowed in the trunk, a First Aid Chest handy and the gas tank at least halffull at all times, any family will be able to respond quickly and calmly to the sound of an alert.
Recent hurricanes along the Carolina coasts have proved the worth of Civil Defense training in time of natural disaster, also. Families following the advice of Civil Defense and Red Cross workers moved out of the threatened areas in their cars, not only assuring their own safety but lessening the rescue problems created by those who lingered until flood waters had inundated their property and the highways.
We should remember that grocery stores, drug stores and gasoline stations will be closed during emergency periods just as other business houses. Therefore, the way you res pond to the aims of Operation Homefront may determine whether your life and that of your family will he saved should natural or national disaster strike.
Elliott Jackson, CD Director of Atlanta Metropolitan area was elected president of the U.S. Civil Defense Council at their annual meeting held in Boston, October first.

THE ALERT--------------------------------------------~------------------~------------

CIVIL DEFENSE HOUSE~OLD FIRST-AID KIT

FIRST-AID ITEM

QUANTITY

SU BSTITlJTE

USE

l . Antiseptic Solution: Benzalkonium Chloride Solution,
U. S. P., 1 to 1000 parts of water.

3- .to G-oz. bottle.

2. Aromatic Spirit~ of Ammonia __ _ 1-. to 2-oz. bottle.

Quaternary ammonium com pounds For open . wounrls, S<"ratrhes at>d tut~ . in water. Sold under trade names Not .for burn - .
as Zephiran, Phemerol, Ceepryn, and Diapren e Chlori de~. None _ _________ ___ _____ ___ __ ___ For .faintness, adult dose }'2 teaspoon in
cup of " at.er ; children 5 to lO drop~ in }~glass of water. As sme lli np_ sa lt ~. remo,e sto pner, hold bottle under nose.

3. Tabl e "all. __ ________________ I box___ _____ _ Sodium chloride tablets, lO graim;, For shock-di ssolve 1 tN1spoonful l"alt

50 tablets in bottle.

anrl }~ teaspoonful baking soda in I

quart \\ater. Have patient. drink as

-----

- -- -- --- - - - - - - - - - - -- 1 much as he \\'ill. Don 't give to uncon-

4. Baking Soda ____ _____ ___ __ __ __ 8- to 10-oz. Sodium bicarbonate or sod iu m

scious person or semiconscious pe rson .

box.

citrate tablet.s, ;i grains, 50

If using suhstit.utes dissolve ~ ix 10-

tablets in bottle.

grain sodium chloride tablet-s and six

5-grain sodium bicarbonate (or sodi un 1

citrat-e) tab let-;; in 1 quart water.

5. Triangula r Bar;dage, folded, 37 4 bandages __ _ l\1uslin or other st ronl-{ material.

x 37 x 52 in., \\ith 2 safet_v pins.

Cut to exact dimensions. Fold

and wrap each bandage and 2

safety pin>< separate!~ in paper.

For a sling; as a couer; for a dressing.

li. Jlleditwl First-Aid D1essing
(Carl isle~ fo lded, steri le with gauze enclosed cotton pads , ~ in . by 7% in . Packaged with muslin bandage and 4 safety pil'ls.

2 __ .... __ __ __ a) Two e1 nergency dressings 8 in . For open wounds or for rlry d1essings _{or by 7H in., in gla~sin e bags, 1 burns. These are packaged sterile .
I sterili zed. One roller band- 1
a~J:C, 2 in. by 10 yds.
b) Four large sanitary napkins, wrapped separatclv. and
sterilized. One roller bandage, 2 in. by 10 y rls.

7. Sma/lFir.~t-Aid Dressing (Curl- 2 __ ________ __ T'"elYe ga117.e pads in steri li zed

isle) folded, sterile with ~auze

par kage, 3 in. by 3 in. One

e nclosed cotton pads and

roller bandage, 1 in. by 10 yds.

gau ze bandage, 4 in. by 7 in.

8. Eye d1ops: Castor Oil_ _______ __ H- to 1-oz. Bland eye rlrops sold by druggists

bottle wit.h under various trade names.

dropper.

For open wounds or for dry dressings .for hurns. These are packaged sterile .
For eyes irritated by dust, smok~ or .fumes. Use 2 drops in each eye. Apply cold compresses every 20 minutes if possible.

9. Tongu e 13tndes, Wooden ______ __ 12 __________ _ l:;hingles, pieces of orange erate, or For splinting broken fin(lers or other small

other light wood cut to approxi-

bone~ and for st1:rring solutions.

mately 1% in. hy 6 in.

10. Water Purification Talllets _____ _ Bottle of 100 __ Iodine tablets; Chlorine tab lets. Sold under trade names as Halazone or Bursoline.

For purifying water when it cannot b(
boiler!. Water officiallv declarerl radioacti,e must not he' used for an~ purpose.

11. Large Bath To wels ___ , _____ __ __ 12. Smal-l Bath Towels ____ __ ______ 13. Bed Sheet_ _________ ______ ____

2 _________ ___ 2 ____________ ]_ ___________

None __________ ______ __ __ _____ _ None ____ ____ _____ __ __________ _ None __ __ _____ _______ _____ _____

For bandages or dressings: OJr\ soft towels ann sheets are best. Cut in sizes necessary . to cover wounds. Towels are burn dressings. Place ovPr burns and fasten with triangular hand-
age or strips of sheet. Towels and sheets should be laundered, ironed, and packaged in heavy paper. Relaunder every 3 months.

14. Paper Drinking Cups ___ __ ___ __ _ 25 to 50 ___ ___ Envelope or cardboard type _ _ _ ___ For administer-ing s(imulants and liquids.

15. Flashlight_ ___________ _______ _ L ____ _______ Must be bought___ _________ _____ {Electric lig hts may go out. Wrap battaries separately in moisture proof
16. Flashlight batteries~-- - - ------ - - 3 __ _____._____ Must be bought_______ _____ _____ covering. Don't keep in flashli ght.

17. Safety Pins, 1}~ in . long __ __ ___ _ 12 to 15 ____ __ None ______ __ _______________ ___ For holding bandages in place.

18. Razor Blades, single edge ______ _ 3_ ___________ Sharp knife or scissors _ ____ ______ For cutting bandages and dressings, br for
removing clothing from injured body su rface.

1D . Toilet SoaP---- ~- --- - -- -.- ---- - 1 har_ _ ___ ___ Any milrl soap __ c ______________ _ For cleansing skin .

20. Meawring Spoons ___ ___ _.______ 1 set_ ____ ____ Inexpensiv-e plastic or metaL ____ _ For measuring or stirring solutions.

21. Splints, Plastic or Wooden, }l to 12 _______ ___ _ A 40-page newspaper folded to di- For spli nting broken arms or legs .

Yt in. thick, 3~ in. wide by 12

mensions, pieces of .orange crate

to 15 in. Iong.

sidings, or shingles cut to size.

Note: To sterilize substitutes, wrap m square cloth, alm:nmum foil or brown wrappmg paper, and place m 300 degree oven for one hour.

2

OCTOBER, 1955

------------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT
GRANDMA'S PANTRY WAS READY

The following items have been suggested for youJ "Grandma's Pantry" to help your food supply situation in event of any emergency or enemy attack. A supply or at least seven days needs is suggested since your grocer or supplier may not be

CANNED JUICES Orange Grapefruit Tomato Lemon CANNED FRUITS Grapefruit sections Peaches Pears Fruit Cocktoi I Pineapple Plums Cherries
CANNED VEGETABLES
Tomatoes, no. f
Com, no. 1 Asparagus Green beans Peas, no. 1 Potato sticks

CEREALS & BREAD Date and nut bread, canned Brown bread, canned Packaged cereals,(those which are sealed in wax bag in or out of box) Crackers -in tin MILK Evaporated or dried skim Canned cream INFANTS FOOD Assorted strained fruit Meat and vegetable soups Baby cereal-boxed BEVERAGES Powdered tea, coffee, powdered or syrup Chocolate syrup Water

(Check "pantry" at least once a month to keep all perishables fresh, also for replenishment). Items pocked in glass or ather than tin should be wrapped in paper for protection against breakage or damage. Keep in dry

OCTOBER, 1955

1 n
able to receive any 1 shipments for a few days should faci l i tie s be disrupted. Select your own requirements in quantities suitable to your personal or family needs:

CANNED SOUPS Tomato Mushroom Cream of Chi cken Bean Vegetable CANNED MEATS
AND FISH Comed beef Beef and gravy Beef stew Chicken Hom Luncheon meats Baked beans Cheese in jar
or sealed package Tuna Salmon

OTHER FOODS Pickles in glass Cookies ;., tin Catsup or chili sauce Sugar Salt Pepper Vinegar Mayonnaise
Spo~etti with tomato sauce Miscellaneous Safety matches Hand soap Canned heat Pons Candles Con opener Pkg. paper plates Paper cups Paper spoons

storage. Home canned supplies also good items. All safety precautions should be taken for storage of cooking equlpm.,nt u;ing bottled gas or liquids.

3

THEAL~RT-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

BOSTON MEETING OF CD

SAVANNAH HOST TO WOMEN'S

FCDA ANNOUNCES NEW

COUNCIL TO SPEED ACTION ON SURVIVAL PLAN

MEETING

LIGHT RESCUE COURSES

The Chatham- Savannah Defense

The Federal Civil Defense Ad-

Important progress toward speeding a nation-wide survival plan was made at a united States Civil Defense Council conference at Boston on September 29, 30 and Oct. 1.
The Council is a non-governmental organization of local civil defense directors, organized for cooperation and joint discussion of problems.
The theme of the Council's fourth annual convention was evacuation. Top Federal Civil Defense Administration officials, headed by Administrator Val Peterson, spoke on problems involved in the movement of persons out of target areas and their reception in support areas.
The FCDA 's National Survival Plan is based on a concept of evacuation and shelter. This was the first national meeting of local civil defense directors since the announcement of a $10,000,000 program for making evacuation, shelter -and care studies in critical target areas.
Since survival plans for target areas will require cooperative planning by a number of communities, and in many cases by two or more

Council, Charles J. Musante, Director will serve as host to the Georgia Women's Advisory Committee for Civil Defense when it meets in Savannah on November lOth and 11th with Headquarters at the DeSoto Hotel.
State Director George J. Hearn will
make the keynote address. Mrs. Jean
Wood Fuller and Mrs. Pearle H. Wates
and other outstanding national and regional officials will he featured on the program as well as state and local leaders.
This state-wide meeting is being held during ''Operation Home Front Week" and will be the climax of activities in connection with this "Operation."
Mrs. Gertrude Harris, chairman extends an invitation to every community interested in Civil Defense to be represented in this meeting. Women and women's organizations which sponsor civil defense projects and programs are also cordially invited to attend.

ministration has announced a new series of five-day Rescue Instructor Courses designed to teach light-duty rescue work.
The courses will he given at the FCDA Instructor School at Olney, Md. They will he of particular interest to public safety officials, such as firemen, policemen and national guardsmen.
Instruction will be given in basic knowledge and skills, light duty rescue tec.hniques and principles of instruction.
The courses will equip those who enroll to assist in rescue operations and to train others in rescue work. The goal is to build up a national reserve of manpower trained in speeding rescue operations.
They also will help more industries to develop training programs for light-duty rescue teams that will provide around-the-clock protection in plants as well as for the families of workers.
Schedule of the new courses for the remainder of this year includes: October 3- 7, October 24- 28, Nov.

States, the discussion of means for Forces and the American Red Cross, 28- December 2.

implementing such programs was a State and city civil defense direc-

The FCDA School will continue

major topic of discussion at the Bos- tors and experts in numerous phases to offer two-week Rescue Instructor

ton meeting. In addition to FCDA representa-'
tives, speakers at the conference included Dr. Willard F. Libby, member of the Atomic Energy Commission; Dr. ArthurS. Flemming, director of the Office of Defense Mobilization; representatives of the Armed

of activity directly concerned with civil defense.
Attending this conference from Georgia was Maj . Gen. George J. Hearn; Col. Charles T . White; Kelso Hearn; Elliott Jackson; Col. C. M. Virtue; Col. Dixon Wadsworth; Chas. J. Musante; and Mrs. G. W. Freiberg.

Courses and one-week Advanced Rescue Courses.
Complete information on enrollment for all courses may he obtained by writing to Director, Rescue In:. structor School, Federal Civil Defense Administration, Olney, Md.

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THE GEORGIA
UNIVERSm' Of GEORGIA
L~BR

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, George J. Hearn, State Director

Atlanta, Ga.

November, 1955

SAVANNAH MEET CLOSES

OPERATION HOMEFRONT

Armed Fo1 ~ <! s Day Nov . ... 1 brings to a close the intensive campaign the

women of Georgia ha ve carried on for the past month to make the public con-

sc ious of 'three of the important things to be remembered for self preservation

in case of any kind of a disaster. They are:

1. Keep a seven day stock of "eatin' vittles" and drinking water on ha!ld

all of the time.

2. Be sure to have a well stocked first aid kit available.

3. Fill the gasoline tank of vour car up again as soon as it is half empty.

l

There are numerous other pr" cautions that might be observed in order to

George J, Hearn

save your life and the life of oth ers , but the Third Region Women's Coordinator, Pearle Wates, and her advisory committee decided that if these three

THE DIRECTOR things were observed constantly, survival would get a big boost. Grocers, pe troleum dealers, and druggists in the southeast all cooperated

SAYS ---

in giving this effort wide publicity. All of the governors of the seven southeastern states comprising Region III have issued proclamations declaring the

November 11 is Veterand Day which is dedh:ated exclusively to the purpose of commemorating veterans who have served with the United States armed forces in all wars.
In these challenging days when free constitutional government is on trial and the whole world is living in an era of uncertainty, a rebirth and a rededication to the spirit of true Americanism with a new acceptance of individual responsibility is needed by all of us.
Today there are within and without our continental boundaries those who would destroy our way of life. They are enemies of our country, enemies of our heritage that our forefathers, fathers, sons and daughters have sacrificed so much for.

week of Nov. 6-11 "Operation Homefront Week."

Women's clubs of all kinds, PTA's, and women's auxiliarie~:~ have been

urged to make this project one of their main objectives for the past month.

Fortunately the first two of these can be accomplished at one fell swoop and

will stay put. All that is needed is a little replenishing as things are used

out of them. Most people observe the gas oline precaution to some extent al-

ready so that they will not find themselves out of gasoline in some out-of-the

-way place. With the possibility of an evacuation at any minute staring us in

the face it is fine strategy to observe the "half tank" rule.

The meeting of the Wome n's Advi-

sory Committee was set up for a two day session this time so that those

"ABSOLUTE CAPABILITY"

from farther away could spend a half day traveling to Savannah on the first day and they would have the afternoon of Friday in which to return home. This would require only one night in Savannah, and this could be used for a giant mass meeting in which all the people of Savannah would be invited.

"Expect to see the term 'a bsolute capability' from now on in stateme nts out of Washington.
"If Country A can destroy Country B no ma tter what Country B does in defense, then Country A has 'absolute capability,"
"For the first time, Defense officials agre e, both Russia and the

At times it seems that we are

On Thursday night Dr. Fred W. United States are approaching 'ab-

rather complacent and that we sit Kern, Religious Director for Federal solute capability.'

idly by and permit them to carry on Civil Defense Administration will

(The Periscope in Newsweek)

Continued on Page 3

Continued ol' Page 3

THE ALERT--------------------------------------------------------------~--------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Pub/ ished monthly by the
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
GEO~GE J. HEARN Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer Mrs. John G. Lewis Coordinotor, Women's Activities JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer KELSO HEARN Administrative Aide JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director A. MACK DODD Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
SURVIVAL MANUAL
IS ON THE PRESS
The manual which is to control the civil defense planning and testing (9r which Congress has appropriated 110,000,000 will go to the Government Printing Office shortly under the title, FEDERAL CIVll.. DEFENSE ADMINISTRATION SURVIVAL PLAN MANUAL, M27-1.
The manual will outline the diverse information which must be gathered in order to formulate an Operational Survival Plan. Study areas or fields, for instance, will include the location of population and of transportation, the traffic capacity of escape routes, the system of controls and communications required, the organization of reception areas and supplies, the analysis of blast shelters available along evacuation routes, radiation cover from fallout in reception areas, the problems of the return and resettlement of evacuated populations, the reestablishment of government and other problems which thinking and tests so far have shown we must not overlook. They will include informing the public of the plan and securing public support and understanding.
The plan for each city is expected to be finished within one year of the time it is started. The reception areas as well as the densely populated sections will be studied. It is
2

ATLANTA CHOSEN FOR STUDY IN

GAINT EVACUATION SURVEY

Sixteen cities in various parts of the country have been invited by Federal Civil Defense Administration to participate in the National Survival Plan" project for which Congress recently appropriated ten million dollars.
An original list of 16 cities invited to participate in the pr:>gram was announced recently by FCDA. It included New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, Washington, D.C., Boston, Baltimore, Cleveland, Detroit, Milwaukee, St. Louis, Houston, Atlanta, Los Angeles, San Francisco including the Oakland area, Denver and New Orleans.
Additionally, in response to specific inquiries, project proposals have been invited from Pittsburgh, Minneapolis, St. Paul, and for appropriate areas in the States of Tennessee, Georgia, Connecticut and Ohio. Final negotiations are in process for beginning the studies in New York City and Houston, Texas, and are in various stages of development in other cities and States.
It is emphasized that (1) this is

only the initial group of urban areas to be selected- it does not mean these cities will be the only eligible participants, and (2) while .. cities" have been identified, the projects will include not only the geographgical limits of the cities, but the adjoining metropolitan and reception areas as well.
The Survival Plan project envisages eventual evacuation, shelter and care studies in and near the nation's critical target cities, and in additional cities located near important military establishments.
Rapid progress toward setting up National Survival Plan studies in the nation's critical target areas was reported today by the Federal Civil Defense Administration.
Under FCDA 's new Survival Plan program- to guide and aid studies for the evacuation, shelter, and welfare of probable target area populations- meetings between State and local officials and FCDA Administrator Val Peterson, Executive Assistant Administrator Harold L. Aitken or Regional Administrators have already been held.

also expected that an Evacuation Authority will be provided for in each area so that there will be a unified command wherever the cities and their reception areas overlap.
FCDA says that the magnitude of this undertaking will make it impossible to start all of the projects at the same time as they have to develop the technical and administrative personnel needed to initiate and assist in the conduct of the surveys.
The final step will be the testing of an actual plan for each particular area. FCDA says the States and political subdivisions which formulate the plan will be required to test its operational readiness "adequately" -for evacuation, reception and shelter operations- particularly in fields where difficult problems are anticipated- within six months after completion of the plan.

TIFTON HOST TO
S. W. CD DIRECTORS
Civil Defense Directors from southwest Georgia wili gather at Tifton on Nov. 18, and a preliminary conference of the principle figures indicates that the meeting will be a worth-while one. Mayors, CD Directors, welfare workers, and others within traveling distance are urged to attend this meeting which will be held at Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College starting at 9:30 A.M.
SeveralCD Directors will tell how they have organized their own cities. Among them are Pete Whiting of Albany, N. N. Langdale of Valdosta, and Col. Dixon Wadsworth of Columbus. A liberal time for questions and answers is also provided for.
NOVEMBER, 1955

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------THE ALERT

FILL YOUR PANTRY

Continued from Page 1
talk to members of the Women's Committee as well as any citizens of th~ surrounding country who desire to attend the giant mass meeting designed to make us more conscious of our CD duties. He will call attention to the many things that members of the clergy can do in an emergency, and do so much better than anybody else. They would have a great role in preventing panic and in comforting the many who are sure to be bereaved, or at least lost from their loved ones.

THE DIRECTOR SAYS: Continued from Page 1 in their way to destroy our way of life. Yes, I'm afraid that we are prone to dismiss any matter or problem that arises unless it affects us as individuals. There are so many people today who are enjoying the freedom of our land, and the rih heritage that was given us by our forefathers who have never taken the time to learn, nor attempt to develop, the spirit of Americanism. They are easy prey for those who would destroy our American way of life, and deprive us of

Keep enough food In your pantry or

The last training month of all Brit- the rich heritage that we have.

trunk of your car so that your fomlly could subsist for a week without outside help.

ish military draftees is devoted to Civil Defense.

Civil Defense is one of the greatest deterrents to our enemies who have sworn to change our way of

life. I urge each and every one of

EAST POINT HOLDS

GET A FIRST AID KIT

you to actively participate in your

CIVIL DEFENSE DAY

local civil defense program. It is good insurance for something I pray

October 21 was proclaimed "Civil Defense Day" in East Point Georgia, and all joined in to impress the importance of CD on the public. The grocery stores featured displays of "Grandma's 7 day pantry." The drug

will never happen. So on Veterans Day lets remember
their sacrifice and keep our guard up and perhaps prevent our having several million more veterans added to this ever increasing group.

stores had first aid displays, and the filling stations urged all to keep a half tank of gasoline at all times
Dobbins AFB cooperated by flying a bomber over the city and the radio stations and newspapers publicized interviews with the mayor and other citizens. At 6:00 P.M. the sirens and whistles announced the beginning of a house to house drive by 250 volunteer workers who called on more than 8,000 families and explained the importance of their participating in Civil Defense in some way. Many more volunteers were enlisted.

Your Flrst-AI d Kit ought to contain these; Antiseptic Solution; Aromatic spirits of ammonia; table salt; bakIng soda; trlan;ular bandage; gauze dressings; eye drops; tongue blades; tape; water purification tablets; towels, bed sheets; drinking cups; flashlight; safety pins; razor blades; soap, spoons; splints; candle; matches.

The proposition of making surplus property and equipment available for Civil Defense has not been killed. It has been held up for administrative changes after passing the House during the last Congress. Look for H. B. 4660 to come up in January, and urge your Congressman to vote
it.-- - - - - - - - - - -
KEEP GAS TANK FULL
All you need here Ia a half tank or more of gasoline. And gas up frequently.

At the High School CD rescue

The C.I.O. has issued a phamplet

trucks and communications trucks directing unions to become a part of

were parked for display while the Civil Defense. It says CD is a CIO

football game between Roosevelt and duty.

Russell was going on. Bands from

The pamphlet concludes: "Find

both schools featured Civil Defense out what Civil Defense is about.

in their pageant between halves.

Prepare yourself, your family, and

The Mayor and City Council of your home against atomic attack.

East Point gave their best efforts in Stimulate Civil Defense activity at

helping CD Director Mrs. Lois Bras- all organizational levels of your

well to put the display across. All union. Be prepared to talk on Civil

are to be congratulated for their fine Defense at your local union and

showing.

council. Be prepared to live."

NOVEMBER, 1955

3

THE ALERT----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SPEAKER AT MASS MEETING

as secretary of the Texas Synod of

the United Lutheran Church in

America, 1930-35, as its president,

1935-40, and as president of the

Austin Council of Churches, Austin,

Texas, 1938-40.

He served as Chaplin, with .the

rank of Major, in the U.S. Army from

1943 to 1946, and returned to be-

come pastor of the Salem Church,

Fremont, Neb., from 1946 to 1951.

Dr. Kern was graduated from Wag-

ner College, New YorkCity,in 1924,

and received his Bachelor of Divin-

ity Degree from Mt. Airy Seminary,

Phila.delphia, Pa., in 1927.

He also attended Rice Institute,

Houston, Texas, where he received

his BA degree in 1930 and his MA

in 1933. From 1930 to 1940 Dr. Kern did

JEAN WOOD FULLER

DR. FRED W. KERN
Dr. Fred W. Kern, 53, who joined the Federal Civil Defense Administration on Sept. 9, 1954, as Director of the Religious Affairs Office, brings with him wide experience as a clergyman.

graduate work toward a doctor's degree at Texas University; in 1945 he attended a seminar at Grenoble University, Grenoble, France; and in 1952 he received his Th.D. degree from Burton College, Colorado Springs, Colocado.

The highlights of Mrs. Fuller's career: Civic work; Red Cross. Served as Chairman of the Production Unit, Canoga Park, California, 1942- 44; Member of the Home Service Corps, 1944-48; served as Grey Lady, Birmingham

His latest post was in Venezula where he spent 2~ years organizing

Dr. and Mrs. Kern reside at 42n Orleans Avenue, in Battle Creek,

Hospital, California, 1945- 48; Chairman of the Fund Drive, for

schools, conducting spiritual ser- Mich. They have three children, Lt. Encino, California, 1946-47; Chair-

vices and doing resettlement work Gerard Keen, with the Air Force, man of the SpP.akers' Bureau, San

as the Administrative Secretary rep- stationed at Connally Air Force Fernando Valley, 1946-47. Member

resenting the Nati onal L utheran Base, Waco, Texas; Byron, a senior of the Valley Heart Guild, Los

Counc il, the Lutheran World Feder- at Texas University; and Judith, a Angeles Children's Hospital; Mem-

ation and the World Council of freshman at Texas Lutheran College. ber of the Women's Division, Los

Churches.

Angeles Chamber of Commerce;

A native of Fayette County, Texas, he began his service to the

Schools: Los Angeles public schools and Long Beach Junior College.

Member of the Native Daughters of the Golden West.

Church as pastor of the Redeemer Church, Houston, Texas, from 1927 to 1936. He next was pastor of the First English Luther~o. . Church, Austin, Texas, from 1936 to 1942.

Went into retail merchandizing in Bev~rl; Hills and Los Angeles until 1938. Two sons, ages 20 and 22. Fri tz, 22, with Army in Alaska, married. Kent, 20, with Navy in San

Appointed Director of Women's Activities, FCDA, September 1, 1954. Born California, Los Angeles, 1912. Daughter of Bert Wood and Ma ude Warriner Wood. (Both still

During this time he also served Diego.

live in Wilmington, California.)

6lZ 'ON HWilild
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'3'S 'aAy a~oJapafUO;) '3 6S6
uo!S!A!O asua1aa J!A!;)
asua1aa fO ~ua~JDdacJ

3/ THE GEORGIA UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
LIBRA

Department of Defense, Civil Defense Division, George J. Hearn, State Director

Vol. 5, No. 12

Atlanta, Ga.

December, 1955

In emphasizing the importance of

the home, the individual and the

community, we are working for the

concepts which make our democratic

heritage complete.

By civil defense service to your

nation, state, community and family,

you are giving the finest possible

Christmas gift. You are giving your

efforts in order that we may have

peace in our time and that mankind

shall not perish.

May our s piritua 1 strength increase

as we observe the birth of Him whom

the prophet Isaiah foretold would

George J. Hearn

come upon this earth in the role of

THE DIRECTOR Prince of Peace. ''And a Savior was born, and they

SAYS ---

called His name Emmanuel, which being interpreted, means- God with Us."

During the holiday season as we

As we observe in the days to come

take time to grasp the significance this blessed event of almost two

of the birth of the Prince of Peace thousand years ago, may we hold in

and contemplate the imminence of a hearts the promise which His birth,

new year, my thoughts especially and the very name that was given

are with all my fellow civil defense Him, brought to the people of that

workers.

day and of every day to come until

It seems to me that the I ife of the time shall be no more -that solemn

Man whose birthday we will honor assurance that if God be for us, who

Uecember 25, offers us of Civil De- can be against us. Also, that as we

fense courage, comfort and a chal- preserve in our own lives and the

lenge.

life of our ation, the lessons which

Although we usually think of Civil He taught, we can be quite sure that

Defense as preparation to survive He shall endow us with wisdom and

enemy attack and overcome its ef- with strength sufficient unto our

fects, in the final analysis the first great need.

objective is to achieve peace by

In our world, so rife with mater-

making such an attack unprofitable.

ialism and shot through and through

Civil defense does not teach dog- with paganism, some have lost that

ma or philosophy, but its precepts star of righteousness, the star of

of survival through knowledge, self- faith. At this seas on let us once

reliance and planned cooperation are again seek to have these stars shine

in conformance with the teachings in our lives by letting Christ come

of Christ.

into our lives. May ours not be the

experience of the Innkeeper, who said, "there is no room in the inn."
B. ather may we say, "Come into our
hearts, Lord Jesus, there 1s room for Thee."
In prepanng our homes against disaster, let us first and foremost confront our perils as Paul advised his congregation to confront theirs, "Putting on the breastplate of faith and love, and for a helmet, the hope of salvation.
May it come to pass that the stars will shine and bring hope and meaning in the days which are ahead.
INCOME TAX RULING ON EXPENSES OF CIVIL DEFENSE WORKERS
The following ruling of the U.S . Internal Revenue Service concerning the deduction, for income tax purposes, of unreimbursed expenses incurred by civil defense volunteer workers in connection with official civil defense duties, is quoted:
"**** It is the opinion of this of-
fice that the actual unreimbursed expenses incurred by civil defense volunteers in the performance of their volunteer duties, such as traveling expenses to watch atomic bomb tests, the expenses of attending state meetings of civil defense volunteers or other expenses directly connected with and solely attributable to the rendition of such volunteer services, constitute contributions or gifts within the meaning of section 170 of the Code of 1954 and are deductible in the manner and to the extent provided in such action."

THE ALERT-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

THE GEORGIA ALERT
Published monthly by the
CIVIL DEFENSE DIVISION 959 E. Confederate Ave., S.E.
GEORGE J. HEARN Director
FRANK A. KOPF Deputy Director
CHARLES T. WHITE Public Information Officer
Mrs. John G. Lewis Coordinator, Women's Activities
JACK L. GRANTHAM Communications Officer
KELSO HEARN Administrative Aide
JERRY CAUBLE Northern Area Director
A. MACK DODD Central Area Director HARRY U. JACKSON Southwestern Area Director HOYLE R. YANDLE Southeastern Area Director
MORE WATER SHORTAGES
State Civil Defense forces were called upon three times recently to aid Georgia cities during water shortages developing from a variety of causes.
During the late summer, a truck crashing through a bridge on Hwy 197, broke the water main providing water for Clarkesville. September 23, corrosion accumulating in the main line from the source of supply to the Winder filter plant dropped the water water level to the danger point. October 28, sand silting through cracks in the granite of a deep well which furnished water to the City of Talbotton caused the pump in this city to cease functioning.
In each case State Civil Defense stockpiled aluminum water pipe was rushed to the scene by National Guard trucks, and water was supplied from a nearby stream and lakes until the emergency could be corrected.
Four State Civil Defense pumps and one pump loaned by the Merts Equipment Company of Albany, were used. All operations were directed by personnel of the State Civil Defense staff.
This, again, points up the fact that Civil Defense can do a lot of good even if we never have an attack upon this country.

COLONEL MIGUEL A. MUNOZ ELECTED PRESIDENT
Colonel Miguel A. Munoz, Civil Defense Director of Puerto Rico, was elected president of Region III State and Territorial Civil Defense Directors, at their last conference in Dayto~:a Beach, Florida.
Colonel Munoz has a long record for public service in Puerto Rico, serving as a Judge; organizing the
ational Guard; and for several years as Director of Civil Defense.
The Staff of the Alert wish Col onel Munoz much success in this important position.
AUXILIARY POLICE SCHOOL
The first of a series of basic emergency traffic control schools for regular and auxiliary police has been held in College Park.
The course requires 15 hours and presents the fundamentals for establishing emergency traffic control in the event of an attack or natural disaster. It includes the overall problems and description of the traffic control plan, planning phases and activity, selection and classification of routes, techniques and implementing the plan, material and equipment needs, urban area target analysis, scheduling operations, personnel requirements, determining material needs, preparing standard operating procedure, the legal phase, communications and the message center.
The class was conducted by Police Chief Owen T. Smith, Civil Defense Director of College Park in cooperation with the Atlanta metropolitan area office. Instruction was under the supervision of Lt. P. C. Peacock of the Georgia State Patrol, ass is ted by Sgt. G. H. Williams, training officer, Atlanta Police Department, Mr. Bydie T. Tucker, Health and Welfare Services coordinator of Atlanta metropolitan area Civil Defense, and Jack L. Grantham, State Civil Defense Communications coordinator.
Other classes to be scheduled in the near future will be conducted in Calhoun, Marietta, Decatur, and Savannah.

REGIONAL EVACUATION OFFICER APPOINTED
Appointment of Frank Standley as Regional Evacuation Officer was announced recently by Thomas H. Goodman, Regional Federal Civil Defense Administrator for the Southeast.
Standley will have charge of the new Survival Plan Program under which FCDA will finance research in certain critical areas to determine available and needed resources necessary for the removal, care, and shelter of civilian populations in event of enemy attack. The studies will lead to the development of operational plans for the civil defense organizations within the areas covered, and, in some metropolitan areas will result in a unified evacuation command crosscutting city, county and state political boundaries.
Standley transferred from th~ National Headquarters of FCDA at Bat.tle Creek, Michigan, where he was Acting Director of the National Organizations Division. Before joining FCDA, he had a number of years experience with the State Department in Washington where he was Press and Public Affairs Officer. During this time he also wa!s assigned to U.S. delegations at 17 international conferences and nationwide visits of foreign presidents. Prior to that he had experience as a newspaper reporter in his native city of Detroit and a varied experience in Central and South America.
SPECIAL CIVIL DEFENSE
COURSE AT BATTLE CREEK
The Federal Civil Defense Administration is planning a special three-day course in Civil Defense at the Staff College, Battle Creek, Michigan, January 9- 11, 1956, for those especially interested in youth groups and activities. This course will cover the basic concepts of Civil Defense, plus some detail which would indicate the part that participants in the course might take in our civil defense effort.
This course is intended for the leaders of such groups as Camp Fire Girls, Girl Scouts, Boy Scouts, Future Homemakers, Future Farmers of America, and local and State Parent-Teacher ,Associations. Continued on Page 3

2

DECEI>IBER, 1955

THE ALERT

"MISLEADING" NONSENSE IN CIVIL DEFENSE

STATE OF GEORGIA ANNUAL stroyed a whole block of business

REPORT ON CIVIL DEFENSE .

at Canton, Georgia." "Civil defense communications,

'

Mr. Paul Jones has performed a rare disservice for the cause of Civil Defense by writing an article published in the Freeman Magazine under the title "Fashions for Fear," later published in the Readers Digest under the title "Nonsense in Civil Defense."
Mr. Jones' article is very critical of Civil Defe'nse plans for the evacuation of major cities in the event of an enemy attack. It is easy to criticize the thinking and planning of someone else- the hard part is to offer a reasonable alternative- this

The following excerpts are taken from the State of Georgia's annual report on civil defense accomplishments duringthe calender year 1955, which was submitted recently to the Regional Federal Civil Defense Office:
"Issued first operational plan, General Order No. 13, which describes areas to be evacuated, reception and support areas, gives assignments to every county in the State regarding evacuation, fallout, shelter and reception, and establishes a state traffic control plan."

rescue and engineering forces were alerted and moved into position during 3 hurricane alerts."
"Civil defense communications worked in 53 tornado, hurricane, fire and flood threats, not only in our own state but with Florida, Alabama, South Carolina, orth Carolina, Tennessee, and New York."
"There were five women advisory council conferences held throughout the State."
"Over two million pieces of civil defense literature distributed through the Petroleum Dealers during 'Operation Home front'."

is where Mr. Jop.es has failed- he urges a "courageous policy of sticking it out" in shelters. This policy

"Realigned the State into 4 civil defense areas instead of 3."
"Participated Statewide in Region

"Established two alternate State control centers with duplicated facilities of main control center."

is just not realistic in the light of 'Exercise Interim'."

"Expanded the State Races Com-

modern weapons. It is obvious that not everybody
can be saved by evacuation. But few can be saved from a target area

''Participated Statewide in Federal exerc 1se "Operation Alert 1955' . "
"Eleven cities held test evacu-

munications program by 183 volunteer members."
"Held two FCDA State operated basic training schools at the Uni-

if there is no evacuation. Mr. Jones seems to forget that the H-Bomb is at least 1,000 times more powerful than the atomic bombs which were

ations of school children." "State Civil Defense in cooper-
ation with Georgia Institute of Technology has established a calibration

versity of Georgia." "lleld ten State medical and wel-
fare planning conferences."

dropped on Nagasaki and Hiroshima. range for radiological instruments."

To dig in would be a waste of time.

"Emory University Dental School Continued from Poge 2

The only hope is to get out of town, ~nd if only 25 percent of the population of a city is saved that way, well at least you have saved 25 percent.
Boston Herald editorial refutes Jones' article, branding it "Mislead-

located in Atlanta is now conducting a civil defense course for each class of senior dental students."
"General Order No. 14 was issued
which covers aims, precepts, and background of the Ground Observer
Corps. 1t gi~es detailed responsi-

H. ooms arranged for double occupancy will be available, for participants only, at the National Headquarters at a cost of $1.50 per night per person. Meals are available at nearby restaurants.
Complete information on this

ing." Asserts: "***In the first place bilities of all individuals who are course may be obtained by writing

France, in 1940 had no well organ- involved in public relations, recruit- to Director, Staff College, Federal

ized evacuation plan (Jones had ci- ing and training phases."

Civil Defense Administration, Battle

ted the calamitous confusion of the

"A plan of operation during natural Creek, Michigan.

1940 evacuation of Paris and North- disaster in Geor gia is now being

ern France), and no little bit of the published. This plan will set forth

Continued from Column 1

confusion was caused by marauding procedure for the local subdivision washing would not do much good.

German fighter planes which strafed during disaster and defines Red Cross Vast areas can be poisoned for long

the straggling civilian lines. Our and Civil Defense duties."

periods of time- far longer than 48

Civil Defense agencies are planning

"The State civil defense organi- hours. Does Mr. Jones suggest that

one way evacuation routes out of zation assisted two Georgia cities people should remain in these poi-

every city and there is little likeli- where water shortages necessitated soned areas?"

hood of plane attacks before the big laying emergency (State Civil De-

"The sit-it-out-on-this-line scheme

atomic delivery."

fense stockpiled) water line, and may prove attractive to the ostricl;

The Herald also points out, "And use of pumps."

type who prefers fairy tales to facts

Mr. Jones has sadly minimized the

"Civil Defense and Amateur Ra- or whois just too lazy to participate

radioactivity threat. There are dif- dio Operators worked more than 25 in a realistic plan. But it would be

ferent degrees of radioactivity. Some areas affected by tornadoes."

suicidal in case of a real honest-to-

.

could be washed off, to be sure. But some of it would be so hot that

"Civil defense fire trucks worked goodness atomic attack. one ma_ior disaster when fire de- .. . ]acksonville-Duval County Alert.

Continued on Column 3

DECEMBER, 1955

3

Tf/13: ALERT
MATCHING FUNDS MADE
AVAILABLE FOR CD TRAINING
CENTERS
Federal matching funds for the establishment of Civil Defense training centers have been made available for the first time under a program announced by the Federal Civil Defense Administration.
Under the plan, FCDA training and education contributions funds will he used to match the funds of States, counties, cities or towns for the construction of centers for training civil defense workers or for adapting existing structures for such use.
The centers would provide facilities not only for practical training in civil defense methods and operations, hut also for test exercise and c~vil defense classroom work. They could he used as control centers in an emergency, or to augment the facilities of existing control centers.
The training centers could serve as laboratories for studying, analyzing and evaluating local civil defense activities and procedures. They also could he used to stimulate public interest and to assist civil defense recruiting.
FCDA officials suggest that training centers he located in an outlying section of a city, where it is possible to provide realistic conditions of structural collapse. In some cases, State park buildings and grounds could he modified for such use.
Since control centers must he located outside the vulnerable areas, it is recommended that they he combined with training centers. The

control center could furnish necessary training in communications and other phases of operations.
Facilities for rescue training may he part of training centers, as would means of teaching fire fighting and warqen duties and skills.
A large area is needed to practice mass feeding under disaster conditions. Practical training in radiological monitoring, decontamination and chemical warfare defenses also must have special provisions.
Casualty handling also would he taught at training centers. Neighborhood training in existing classrooms will continue, with training centers making it possible to follow up the study of theory with practice under near-actual conditions.
Where training center projects meet standards and requirements for civil defense training, and are approved by FCDA, matching funds will he made available to reimburse the State or other political subdivision for up to one-half the actual cost of labor, materials and necessary equipment for constructing the training center or remodeling of the facility.
Areas selected for civil defense training centers must provide adequate space, including parking fa-
cilities. H necessary to carry out
tJ. ' ':raining program, applications liJaf request funds for student training.
Matching funds for approved civil defense courses are available for the operations of the centers, after they are established.
The Staff of the Alert wishes each and everyone a Merry Christmas.

TIFTON CONFERENCE
A very interesting short course in Civil Defense was held at the Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College in Tifton, Georgia on November 18.
Sixty-four persons from the Southwestern area of Georgia spent the day discussing Civil Defense under the direction of Dean T. M. Cordell and Mr. Harry U. Jackson, Southwestern area CiviliJefense Director.
President George P. Donaldson of the college gave the greetings and was followed by Mr. Jack L. Grantham, Communications officer of the State, in a discussion of evacuation planning. Mr. Harry U. Jackson led a discussion in the functions of Civil Defense and the matching funds program. The Ground Observer Corps activities were discussed by Maj. T. W. Turhiville, GOC Coordinator for the State of Georgia. Mrs. John G. Lewis, Coordinator for Women's Activities for the State; Mrs. Cassie Goff, Tift County Welfare Director; Mrs. Lola Spooner, Decatur Welfare County Director; and Miss Nellie Williams, FCDA Regional Welfare officer covered the phases of Women's activities and We Hare work.
The meeting was highlighted by . reports from the directors of Albany, Mr. C. P. Whiting; Valdosta; Mr. Mr. N. N. Langdale; and Columbus, Cot Dixon Wadsworth.
A discussion period was led by Dr. Homer D. Wells, Civil Defense Director of Tifton, Georgia.
Members of the conference were guests of the college at a luncheon served on the campus.