Georgia Physician Workforce: SCSA Reports - 2008
4 SCSA Physician Standard Report
Included Counties: Butts, Carroll, Coweta, Heard, Lamar, Meriwether, Pike, Spalding, Troup, Upson
Page 1
Physician Specialty Allergy & Immunology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
1.4 1.5 1.4 0.8 1.7 1.2 1.1
1.3
1.7 1.3
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
3
/100k 0.7
Physician Need 6 7 6 4 8 5 5
Status Deficit: -3 Deficit: -4 Deficit: -3 Deficit: -1 Deficit: -5 Deficit: -2 Deficit: -2
6
Deficit: -3
8
Deficit: -5
6
Deficit: -3
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 7 8 7 4 9 6 6
7
9 7
Physician Specialty Anesthesiology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
14.0 9.7 9.1 8.9 5.9 3.9 9.0
7.0
7.6
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
29
/100k 6.4
Physician Need 63 44 41 40 27 18 41
Status Deficit: -34 Deficit: -15 Deficit: -12 Deficit: -11 Surplus: 2 Surplus: 11 Deficit: -12
32
Deficit: -3
34
Deficit: -5
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 70 49 46 45 30 20 45
35
38
Georgia Physician Workforce: SCSA Reports - 2008
4 SCSA Physician Standard Report
Included Counties: Butts, Carroll, Coweta, Heard, Lamar, Meriwether, Pike, Spalding, Troup, Upson
Page 2
Physician Specialty Cardiovascular Diseases
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
7.5 5.4 5.0 3.1 3.0 1.8 2.9
3.6 2.6 4.2 3.5
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
15
/100k 3.3
Physician Need 34 24 23 14 14 8 13
Status Deficit: -19 Deficit: -9 Deficit: -8 Surplus: 1 Surplus: 1 Surplus: 7 Surplus: 2
16
Deficit: -1
12
Surplus: 3
19
Deficit: -4
16
Deficit: -1
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 38 27 25 16 15 9 15
18 13 21 18
Physician Specialty Dermatology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
3.7 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.6 1.6 1.4 2.1 3.1 2.4
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
8
/100k 1.8
Physician Need 17 13 12 13 11 11 12 7 6 10 14 11
Status Deficit: -9 Deficit: -5 Deficit: -4 Deficit: -5 Deficit: -3 Deficit: -3 Deficit: -4 Surplus: 1 Surplus: 2 Deficit: -2 Deficit: -6 Deficit: -3
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 19 14 13 14 13 12 13 8 7 11 16 12
Georgia Physician Workforce: SCSA Reports - 2008
4 SCSA Physician Standard Report
Included Counties: Butts, Carroll, Coweta, Heard, Lamar, Meriwether, Pike, Spalding, Troup, Upson
Page 3
Physician Specialty Emergency Medicine
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
10.5 5.5 5.2 5.4 6.7 5.3
2.7
12.4 6.2
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
46
/100k 10.1
Physician Need 48 25 24 24 30 24
Status Deficit: -2 Surplus: 21 Surplus: 22 Surplus: 22 Surplus: 16 Surplus: 22
12
Surplus: 34
56
Deficit: -10
28
Surplus: 18
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 53 28 26 27 34 27
14
62 31
Physician Specialty
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
National Physician Standards*
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
AMA
1.8
Two Mature HMO
1.1
Adjusted FTE
1.0
GMENAC
0.8
Kaiser Portland
0.9
7 Kaiser Plans
1.1
GHC Seattle
Three HMOs
0.6
Goodman
Hicks & Glenn
Solucient
Average Requirement
0.9
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
1
/100k 0.2
Physician Need 8 5 5 4 4 5
Status Deficit: -7 Deficit: -4 Deficit: -4 Deficit: -3 Deficit: -3 Deficit: -4
3
Deficit: -2
4
Deficit: -3
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 9 6 5 4 5 6
3
5
Georgia Physician Workforce: SCSA Reports - 2008
4 SCSA Physician Standard Report
Included Counties: Butts, Carroll, Coweta, Heard, Lamar, Meriwether, Pike, Spalding, Troup, Upson
Page 4
Physician Specialty Family Practice
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
31.5 45.6 42.6 25.2 16.7 11.0
9.2
16.2 22.5 23.6
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
92
/100k 20.3
Physician Need 143 207 193 114 76 50
Status Deficit: -51 Deficit: -115 Deficit: -101 Deficit: -22 Surplus: 16 Surplus: 42
42
Surplus: 50
73
Surplus: 19
102
Deficit: -10
107
Deficit: -15
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 158 229 214 126 84 55
46
81 113 118
Physician Specialty Gastroenterology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
4.2 3.1
3.2 1.7 1.7
1.3
3.5 2.4
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
11
/100k 2.4
Physician Need 19
14
Status Deficit: -8 Deficit: -3
15
Deficit: -4
8
Surplus: 3
8
Surplus: 3
6
Surplus: 5
16
Deficit: -5
11
Adequate 0
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 21 16
16 9 9
7
18 12
Georgia Physician Workforce: SCSA Reports - 2008
4 SCSA Physician Standard Report
Included Counties: Butts, Carroll, Coweta, Heard, Lamar, Meriwether, Pike, Spalding, Troup, Upson
Page 5
Physician Specialty Infectious Disease
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
2.2 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.2 0.7 0.6
0.8
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
2
/100k 0.4
Physician Need 10 3 3 4 5 3 3
Status Deficit: -8 Deficit: -1 Deficit: -1 Deficit: -2 Deficit: -3 Deficit: -1 Deficit: -1
4
Deficit: -2
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 11 4 3 5 6 4 3
4
Physician Specialty Internal Medicine
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
53.1 21.4 20.0 28.8 28.1 30.3
16.7
11.3 19.0 22.0
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
83
/100k 18.3
Physician Need 241 97 91 131 127 137
Status Deficit: -158 Deficit: -14 Deficit: -8 Deficit: -48 Deficit: -44 Deficit: -54
76
Surplus: 7
51
Surplus: 32
86
Deficit: -3
100
Deficit: -17
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 267 107 100 145 141 152
84
57 95 110
Georgia Physician Workforce: SCSA Reports - 2008
4 SCSA Physician Standard Report
Included Counties: Butts, Carroll, Coweta, Heard, Lamar, Meriwether, Pike, Spalding, Troup, Upson
Page 6
Physician Specialty Nephrology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
2.6 1.4 1.3 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.9
0.7 1.0
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
10
/100k 2.2
Physician Need 12 6 6 5 4 3 4
Status Deficit: -2 Surplus: 4 Surplus: 4 Surplus: 5 Surplus: 6 Surplus: 7 Surplus: 6
3
Surplus: 7
5
Surplus: 5
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 13 7 7 6 4 4 5
4 5
Physician Specialty Neurology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
5.0 2.4 2.3 3.3 1.3 1.7 1.2
2.1 1.4 1.8 1.9
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
11
/100k 2.4
Physician Need 23 11 10 15 6 8 5
Status Deficit: -12 Adequate 0 Surplus: 1 Deficit: -4 Surplus: 5 Surplus: 3 Surplus: 6
10
Surplus: 1
6
Surplus: 5
8
Surplus: 3
9
Surplus: 2
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 25 12 12 17 7 9 6
11 7 9 10
Georgia Physician Workforce: SCSA Reports - 2008
4 SCSA Physician Standard Report
Included Counties: Butts, Carroll, Coweta, Heard, Lamar, Meriwether, Pike, Spalding, Troup, Upson
Page 7
Physician Specialty OB/GYN
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
14.1 12.1 11.3 9.9 11.6 11.5 10.0 8.8 8.4 8.0 10.2 10.2
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
38
/100k 8.4
Physician Need 64 55 51 45 53 52 45 40 38 36 46 46
Status Deficit: -26 Deficit: -17 Deficit: -13 Deficit: -7 Deficit: -15 Deficit: -14 Deficit: -7 Deficit: -2 Adequate 0 Surplus: 2 Deficit: -8 Deficit: -8
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 71 61 57 50 58 58 50 44 42 40 51 51
Physician Specialty Opthalmology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
6.0 5.9 5.5 4.6 2.4 3.1 5.0
3.5 3.2 4.7 4.2
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
15
/100k 3.3
Physician Need 27 27 25 21 11 14 23
Status Deficit: -12 Deficit: -12 Deficit: -10 Deficit: -6 Surplus: 4 Surplus: 1 Deficit: -8
16
Deficit: -1
15
Adequate 0
21
Deficit: -6
19
Deficit: -4
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 30 30 28 23 12 16 25
18 16 24 21
Georgia Physician Workforce: SCSA Reports - 2008
4 SCSA Physician Standard Report
Included Counties: Butts, Carroll, Coweta, Heard, Lamar, Meriwether, Pike, Spalding, Troup, Upson
Page 8
Physician Specialty Orthopedic Surgery
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
8.3 6.8 6.4 6.0 5.9 4.2 6.7 3.0 5.9 4.2 6.1 5.5
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
21
/100k 4.6
Physician Need 38 31 29 27 27 19 30 14 27 19 28 25
Status Deficit: -17 Deficit: -10 Deficit: -8 Deficit: -6 Deficit: -6 Surplus: 2 Deficit: -9 Surplus: 7 Deficit: -6 Surplus: 2 Deficit: -7 Deficit: -4
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 42 34 32 30 30 21 34 15 30 21 31 28
Physician Specialty Otolaryngology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
3.4 3.2
3.2 3.4 2.4 3.0
3.0
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
13
/100k 2.9
Physician Need 15
15
Status Deficit: -2 Deficit: -2
15
Deficit: -2
15
Deficit: -2
11
Surplus: 2
14
Deficit: -1
14
Deficit: -1
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 17 16
16 17 12 15
15
Georgia Physician Workforce: SCSA Reports - 2008
4 SCSA Physician Standard Report
Included Counties: Butts, Carroll, Coweta, Heard, Lamar, Meriwether, Pike, Spalding, Troup, Upson
Page 9
Physician Specialty Pathology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
6.3 1.9 1.8 6.4 3.3 1.8
4.1
3.2
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
12
/100k 2.6
Physician Need 29 9 8 29 15 8
Status Deficit: -17 Surplus: 3 Surplus: 4 Deficit: -17 Deficit: -3 Surplus: 4
19
Deficit: -7
15
Deficit: -3
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 32 10 9 32 17 9
21
16
Physician Specialty Pediatrics
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
24.9 16.6 15.5 12.4 11.9 16.0
9.8
7.6 13.9 13.0
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
45
/100k 9.9
Physician Need 113 75 70 56 54 73
Status Deficit: -68 Deficit: -30 Deficit: -25 Deficit: -11 Deficit: -9 Deficit: -28
44
Surplus: 1
34
Surplus: 11
63
Deficit: -18
59
Deficit: -14
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 125 83 78 62 60 80
49
38 70 65
Georgia Physician Workforce: SCSA Reports - 2008
4 SCSA Physician Standard Report
Included Counties: Butts, Carroll, Coweta, Heard, Lamar, Meriwether, Pike, Spalding, Troup, Upson
Page 10
Physician Specialty Plastic Surgery
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
2.4
1.1 0.3
0.4
1.1 2.3 2.2 1.2
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
2
/100k 0.4
Physician Need
11
Status Deficit: -9
5
Deficit: -3
1
Surplus: 1
2
Adequate 0
5
Deficit: -3
10
Deficit: -8
10
Deficit: -8
5
Deficit: -3
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 12
6 2
2
6 12 11 6
Physician Specialty Psychiatry
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
13.6 7.7 7.2 15.4 5.2 4.1
7.2 3.9 5.7 7.1
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
24
/100k 5.3
Physician Need 62 35 33 70 24 19
Status Deficit: -38 Deficit: -11 Deficit: -9 Deficit: -46 Adequate 0 Surplus: 5
33
Deficit: -9
18
Surplus: 6
26
Deficit: -2
32
Deficit: -8
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 68 39 36 77 26 21
36 20 29 36
Georgia Physician Workforce: SCSA Reports - 2008
4 SCSA Physician Standard Report
Included Counties: Butts, Carroll, Coweta, Heard, Lamar, Meriwether, Pike, Spalding, Troup, Upson
Page 11
Physician Specialty Pulmonary Diseases
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
3.5 2.0 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.4
1.4
1.3 1.5
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
9
/100k 2.0
Physician Need 16 9 9 6 6 5 6
Status Deficit: -7 Adequate 0 Adequate 0 Surplus: 3 Surplus: 3 Surplus: 4 Surplus: 3
6
Surplus: 3
6
Surplus: 3
7
Surplus: 2
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 18 10 10 7 7 5 7
7
7 8
Physician Specialty Radiology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
11.4 13.6 13.7 7.7 8.5 4.7 7.7
8.0
9.1
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
32
/100k 7.1
Physician Need 52 62 62 35 39 21 35
Status Deficit: -20 Deficit: -30 Deficit: -30 Deficit: -3 Deficit: -7 Surplus: 11 Deficit: -3
36
Deficit: -4
41
Deficit: -9
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 57 68 69 39 43 24 39
40
46
Georgia Physician Workforce: SCSA Reports - 2008
4 SCSA Physician Standard Report
Included Counties: Butts, Carroll, Coweta, Heard, Lamar, Meriwether, Pike, Spalding, Troup, Upson
Page 12
Physician Specialty Rheumatology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
1.5 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.7
0.4
1.3 0.8
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
1
/100k 0.2
Physician Need 7 5 5 3 2 3 3
Status Deficit: -6 Deficit: -4 Deficit: -4 Deficit: -2 Deficit: -1 Deficit: -2 Deficit: -2
2
Deficit: -1
6
Deficit: -5
4
Deficit: -3
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 8 6 5 4 2 4 4
2
7 4
Physician Specialty General Surgery
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
12.5 9.4 8.8 9.7 7.0 6.2 5.9 4.2 9.7 4.1 6.0 7.1
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
33
/100k 7.3
Physician Need 57 43 40 44 32 28 27 19 44 19 27 32
Status Deficit: -24 Deficit: -10 Deficit: -7 Deficit: -11 Surplus: 1 Surplus: 5 Surplus: 6 Surplus: 14 Deficit: -11 Surplus: 14 Surplus: 6 Surplus: 1
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 63 47 44 49 35 31 30 21 49 21 30 36
Georgia Physician Workforce: SCSA Reports - 2008
4 SCSA Physician Standard Report
Included Counties: Butts, Carroll, Coweta, Heard, Lamar, Meriwether, Pike, Spalding, Troup, Upson
Page 13
Physician Specialty Urology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement
Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
3.5 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.3 2.3 2.9
2.6 1.9 2.9 2.9
2008 Actual
Population Physicians
453,539
10
/100k 2.2
Physician Need 16 16 15 14 15 10 13
Status Deficit: -6 Deficit: -6 Deficit: -5 Deficit: -4 Deficit: -5 Adequate 0 Deficit: -3
12
Deficit: -2
9
Surplus: 1
13
Deficit: -3
13
Deficit: -3
2015 Projected
Population 501,976
Physician Need 18 18 17 16 17 12 15
13 10 14 15
Report created by Georgia Board for Physician Workforce, State of Georgia
*Standards are presented as rates per 100,000 population (1) McClendon, B., R.Polizer, E. Christain, and E. Fernandez. 1997. Downsizing the Physician Workforce. Public Health Reports. May/June 112:231-239. (2) Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee Summary Report. 1981. Pub. No. (HRA) 81-651. Washington: Government Printing Office. (3) American Medical Association. 1996. Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the US: 1995/1996. Chicago. (4) American Osteopathic Association. 1993. 1994 Yearbook and Directory of Osteopathic Physicians. Chicago. (5) Hart, L., E. Wagner, J. Parzada, A.Nelson, and R.Rosenblah. 1997. Physician Staffing Ratios in Staff- Model HMO's: A Cautionary Tale, Health Affairs 16,
no. 1:55-70. (6) Weiner, J.P. 1994 Forecasting the Effects of Health Reform on U.S. Physician Workforce Requirement. JAMA 272, no. 3:222-230. (7) Steinwachs, D., J.P. Weiner, S. Shapiro, et al. 1986. A Comparison of the Requirements for Primary Care Physicians in with Projections Made by the
Graduate Medical National Advisory Committee. New England Journal of Medicine 314:217-222. (8) Kronick, R., D.C. Goodman, J. Wennberg, and E.Wagner. 1993. The Marketplace in Health Care Reform: The Demographic Limitations of Managed
Competition. New England Journal of Medicine 328:1480152. See also, related NAPS Document 04998. (9) Vansdow, N.A. The Physician Workforce: Issues for Academic Medical Centers. Forum on the Future of Academic Medicine. December 2, 1996. (10) Forte, G.J., Dionne, M., Beaulieu, M., and Salsberg, E. Profile of New York State Physicians. Rensselaer, NY: Center for Health Workforce Studies,
School of Public Health, SUNY Albany. April 2001. (11) A Review of Physician-to-Population Ratios. Merritt Hawkins & Associates. GMENAC, Goodman (Dec. 11, 1996 JAMA), Hicks & Glenn (1989 Journal of
Health Care Management), Solucient (2003). (12) American Medical Association. Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the US, 2010 Edition; 2010.