Georgia physician workforce: county reports 2008, Glynn County physician standard report

63 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008
Glynn County Physician Standard Report

Page 1

Physician Specialty Allergy & Immunology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
1.4 1.5 1.4 0.8 1.7 1.2 1.1
1.3
1.7 1.3

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

1

1.3

Physician Need
1

Status Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1
1 1

Physician Specialty Anesthesiology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
14.0 9.7 9.1 8.9 5.9 3.9 9.0
7.0
7.6

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

6

8.0

Physician Need
10

Status Deficit: -4

7

Deficit: -1

7

Deficit: -1

7

Deficit: -1

4

Surplus: 2

3

Surplus: 3

7

Deficit: -1

5

Surplus: 1

6

Adequate 0

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 12 8 8 8 3 3 8
6
7

63 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008
Glynn County Physician Standard Report

Page 2

Physician Specialty Cardiovascular Diseases
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
7.5 5.4 5.0 3.1 3.0 1.8 2.9
3.6 2.6 4.2 3.5

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

8

10.7

Physician Need
6

Status Surplus: 2

4

Surplus: 4

4

Surplus: 4

2

Surplus: 6

2

Surplus: 6

1

Surplus: 7

2

Surplus: 6

3

Surplus: 5

2

Surplus: 6

3

Surplus: 5

3

Surplus: 5

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 6 5 4 3 2 2 2
3 2 4 3

Physician Specialty Dermatology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
3.7 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.6 1.6 1.4 2.1 3.1 2.4

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

4

5.4

Physician Need
3

Status Surplus: 1

2

Surplus: 2

2

Surplus: 2

2

Surplus: 2

2

Surplus: 2

2

Surplus: 2

2

Surplus: 2

1

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

2

Surplus: 2

2

Surplus: 2

2

Surplus: 2

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 2

63 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008
Glynn County Physician Standard Report

Page 3

Physician Specialty Emergency Medicine
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
10.5 5.5 5.2 5.4 6.7 5.3
2.7
12.4 6.2

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

7

9.4

Physician Need
8

Status Deficit: -1

4

Surplus: 3

4

Surplus: 3

4

Surplus: 3

5

Surplus: 2

4

Surplus: 3

2

Surplus: 5

9

Deficit: -2

5

Surplus: 2

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 9 5 4 5 5 5
2
11 5

Physician Specialty

Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism

National Physician Standards*

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.

AMA

1.8

Two Mature HMO

1.1

Adjusted FTE

1.0

GMENAC

0.8

Kaiser Portland

0.9

7 Kaiser Plans

1.1

GHC Seattle

Three HMOs

0.6

Goodman

Hicks & Glenn

Solucient

Average Requirement

0.9

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

1

1.3

Physician Need
1

Status Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

0

Surplus: 1

1

Adequate 0

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 2 1 1 1 1 1
1
1

63 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008
Glynn County Physician Standard Report

Page 4

Physician Specialty Family Practice
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
31.5 45.6 42.6 25.2 16.7 11.0
9.2
16.2 22.5 23.6

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

29

38.8

Physician Need
24

Status Surplus: 5

34

Deficit: -5

32

Deficit: -3

19

Surplus: 10

12

Surplus: 17

8

Surplus: 21

7

Surplus: 22

12

Surplus: 17

17

Surplus: 12

18

Surplus: 11

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 27 39 37 22 9 9
8
14 19 20

Physician Specialty Gastroenterology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
4.2 3.1
3.2 1.7 1.7
1.3
3.5 2.4

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

4

5.4

Physician Need
3

Status Surplus: 1

2

Surplus: 2

2

Surplus: 2

1

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

3

Surplus: 1

2

Surplus: 2

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 4 3
3 1 1
1
3 2

63 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008
Glynn County Physician Standard Report

Page 5

Physician Specialty Hematology/Oncology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
3.5 2.5 2.4 3.6 2.3 1.8 1.6 2.6 1.2
1.1 2.1

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

1

1.3

Physician Need
3

Status Deficit: -2

2

Deficit: -1

2

Deficit: -1

3

Deficit: -2

2

Deficit: -1

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

2

Deficit: -1

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

2

Deficit: -1

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 3 2 2 3 2 2 1 2 1
1 2

Physician Specialty Infectious Disease
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
2.2 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.2 0.7 0.6
0.8

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

1

1.3

Physician Need
2

Status Deficit: -1

1

Adequate 0

0

Surplus: 1

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

1

Adequate 0

0

Surplus: 1

1

Adequate 0

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
1

63 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008
Glynn County Physician Standard Report

Page 6

Physician Specialty Internal Medicine
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
53.1 21.4 20.0 28.8 28.1 30.3
16.7
11.3 19.0 22.0

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

14

18.7

Physician Need
40

Status Deficit: -26

16

Deficit: -2

15

Deficit: -1

22

Deficit: -8

21

Deficit: -7

23

Deficit: -9

12

Surplus: 2

8

Surplus: 6

14

Adequate 0

16

Deficit: -2

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 46 18 17 25 26 26
14
10 16 19

Physician Specialty Nephrology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
2.6 1.4 1.3 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.9
0.7 1.0

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

3

4.0

Physician Need
2

Status Surplus: 1

1

Surplus: 2

1

Surplus: 2

1

Surplus: 2

1

Surplus: 2

1

Surplus: 2

1

Surplus: 2

1

Surplus: 2

1

Surplus: 2

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1

63 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008
Glynn County Physician Standard Report

Page 7

Physician Specialty Neurological Surgery
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
1.9 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.4
0.4
0.7
1.0

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

4

5.4

Physician Need
1

Status Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

0

Surplus: 4

1

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 2 1 1 1
0
1
1

Physician Specialty Neurology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
5.0 2.4 2.3 3.3 1.3 1.7 1.2
2.1 1.4 1.8 1.9

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

3

4.0

Physician Need
4

Status Deficit: -1

2

Surplus: 1

2

Surplus: 1

2

Surplus: 1

1

Surplus: 2

1

Surplus: 2

1

Surplus: 2

2

Surplus: 1

1

Surplus: 2

1

Surplus: 2

1

Surplus: 2

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 4 2 2 3 1 1 1
2 1 2 2

63 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008
Glynn County Physician Standard Report

Page 8

Physician Specialty OB/GYN
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
14.1 12.1 11.3 9.9 11.6 11.5 10.0 8.8 8.4 8.0 10.2 10.2

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

14

18.7

Physician Need
11

Status Surplus: 3

9

Surplus: 5

8

Surplus: 6

7

Surplus: 7

9

Surplus: 5

9

Surplus: 5

7

Surplus: 7

7

Surplus: 7

6

Surplus: 8

6

Surplus: 8

8

Surplus: 6

8

Surplus: 6

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 12 10 10 9 10 10 9 8 7 7 9 9

Physician Specialty Opthalmology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
6.0 5.9 5.5 4.6 2.4 3.1 5.0
3.5 3.2 4.7 4.2

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

7

9.4

Physician Need
4

Status Surplus: 3

4

Surplus: 3

4

Surplus: 3

3

Surplus: 4

2

Surplus: 5

2

Surplus: 5

4

Surplus: 3

3

Surplus: 4

2

Surplus: 5

4

Surplus: 3

3

Surplus: 4

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 5 5 5 4 3 3 4
3 3 4 4

63 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008
Glynn County Physician Standard Report

Page 9

Physician Specialty Orthopedic Surgery
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
8.3 6.8 6.4 6.0 5.9 4.2 6.7 3.0 5.9 4.2 6.1 5.5

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

9

12.0

Physician Need
6

Status Surplus: 3

5

Surplus: 4

5

Surplus: 4

4

Surplus: 5

4

Surplus: 5

3

Surplus: 6

5

Surplus: 4

2

Surplus: 7

4

Surplus: 5

3

Surplus: 6

5

Surplus: 4

4

Surplus: 5

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 7 6 5 5 4 4 6 3 5 4 5 5

Physician Specialty Otolaryngology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
3.4 3.2
3.2 3.4 2.4 3.0
3.0

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

4

5.4

Physician Need
3

Status Surplus: 1

2

Surplus: 2

2

Surplus: 2

3

Surplus: 1

2

Surplus: 2

2

Surplus: 2

2

Surplus: 2

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 3 3
3 2 2 3
3

63 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008
Glynn County Physician Standard Report

Page 10

Physician Specialty Pathology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
6.3 1.9 1.8 6.4 3.3 1.8
4.1
3.2

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

5

6.7

Physician Need
5

Status Adequate 0

1

Surplus: 4

1

Surplus: 4

5

Adequate 0

2

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 4

3

Surplus: 2

2

Surplus: 3

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 5 2 2 5 2 2
4
3

Physician Specialty Pediatrics
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
24.9 16.6 15.5 12.4 11.9 16.0
9.8
7.6 13.9 13.0

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

14

18.7

Physician Need
19

Status Deficit: -5

12

Surplus: 2

12

Surplus: 2

9

Surplus: 5

9

Surplus: 5

12

Surplus: 2

7

Surplus: 7

6

Surplus: 8

10

Surplus: 4

10

Surplus: 4

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 21 14 13 11 14 14
8
7 12 11

63 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008
Glynn County Physician Standard Report

Page 11

Physician Specialty Plastic Surgery
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
2.4
1.1 0.3
0.4
1.1 2.3 2.2 1.2

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

6

8.0

Physician Need
2

Status Surplus: 4

1

Surplus: 5

0

Surplus: 6

0

Surplus: 6

1

Surplus: 5

2

Surplus: 4

2

Surplus: 4

1

Surplus: 5

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 2
1
0
1 2 2 1

Physician Specialty Psychiatry
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
13.6 7.7 7.2 15.4 5.2 4.1
7.2 3.9 5.7 7.1

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

23

30.8

Physician Need
10

Status Surplus: 13

6

Surplus: 17

5

Surplus: 18

12

Surplus: 11

4

Surplus: 19

3

Surplus: 20

5

Surplus: 18

3

Surplus: 20

4

Surplus: 19

5

Surplus: 18

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 12 7 6 13 4 4
6 3 5 6

63 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008
Glynn County Physician Standard Report

Page 12

Physician Specialty Pulmonary Diseases
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
3.5 2.0 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.4
1.4
1.3 1.5

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

4

5.4

Physician Need
3

Status Surplus: 1

1

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 3

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 3 2 2 1 1 1 1
1
1 1

Physician Specialty Radiology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
11.4 13.6 13.7 7.7 8.5 4.7 7.7
8.0
9.1

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

5

6.7

Physician Need
9

Status Deficit: -4

10

Deficit: -5

10

Deficit: -5

6

Deficit: -1

6

Deficit: -1

4

Surplus: 1

6

Deficit: -1

6

Deficit: -1

7

Deficit: -2

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 10 12 12 7 4 4 7
7
8

63 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008
Glynn County Physician Standard Report

Page 13

Physician Specialty Rheumatology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
1.5 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.7
0.4
1.3 0.8

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

2

2.7

Physician Need
1

Status Surplus: 1

1

Surplus: 1

1

Surplus: 1

1

Surplus: 1

0

Surplus: 2

1

Surplus: 1

1

Surplus: 1

0

Surplus: 2

1

Surplus: 1

1

Surplus: 1

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0
1 1

Physician Specialty General Surgery
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
12.5 9.4 8.8 9.7 7.0 6.2 5.9 4.2 9.7 4.1 6.0 7.1

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

9

12.0

Physician Need
9

Status Adequate 0

7

Surplus: 2

7

Surplus: 2

7

Surplus: 2

5

Surplus: 4

5

Surplus: 4

4

Surplus: 5

3

Surplus: 6

7

Surplus: 2

3

Surplus: 6

4

Surplus: 5

5

Surplus: 4

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 11 8 8 8 5 5 5 4 8 4 5 6

63 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008
Glynn County Physician Standard Report

Page 14

Physician Specialty Urology
National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement

Standard Phys/100,000 Pop.
3.5 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.3 2.3 2.9
2.6 1.9 2.9 2.9

2008 Actual
Population Physicians /100k

74,753

5

6.7

Physician Need
3

Status Surplus: 2

3

Surplus: 2

2

Surplus: 3

2

Surplus: 3

2

Surplus: 3

2

Surplus: 3

2

Surplus: 3

2

Surplus: 3

1

Surplus: 4

2

Surplus: 3

2

Surplus: 3

2015 Projected
Population 85,890
Physician Need 3 3 3 3 2 2 2
2 2 2 2

Report created by Georgia Board for Physician Workforce, State of Georgia
*Standards are presented as rates per 100,000 population (1) McClendon, B., R.Polizer, E. Christain, and E. Fernandez. 1997. Downsizing the Physician Workforce. Public Health Reports. May/June 112:231-239. (2) Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee Summary Report. 1981. Pub. No. (HRA) 81-651. Washington: Government Printing Office. (3) American Medical Association. 1996. Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the US: 1995/1996. Chicago. (4) American Osteopathic Association. 1993. 1994 Yearbook and Directory of Osteopathic Physicians. Chicago. (5) Hart, L., E. Wagner, J. Parzada, A.Nelson, and R.Rosenblah. 1997. Physician Staffing Ratios in Staff- Model HMO's: A Cautionary Tale, Health Affairs 16,
no. 1:55-70. (6) Weiner, J.P. 1994 Forecasting the Effects of Health Reform on U.S. Physician Workforce Requirement. JAMA 272, no. 3:222-230. (7) Steinwachs, D., J.P. Weiner, S. Shapiro, et al. 1986. A Comparison of the Requirements for Primary Care Physicians in with Projections Made by the
Graduate Medical National Advisory Committee. New England Journal of Medicine 314:217-222. (8) Kronick, R., D.C. Goodman, J. Wennberg, and E.Wagner. 1993. The Marketplace in Health Care Reform: The Demographic Limitations of Managed
Competition. New England Journal of Medicine 328:1480152. See also, related NAPS Document 04998. (9) Vansdow, N.A. The Physician Workforce: Issues for Academic Medical Centers. Forum on the Future of Academic Medicine. December 2, 1996. (10) Forte, G.J., Dionne, M., Beaulieu, M., and Salsberg, E. Profile of New York State Physicians. Rensselaer, NY: Center for Health Workforce Studies,
School of Public Health, SUNY Albany. April 2001. (11) A Review of Physician-to-Population Ratios. Merritt Hawkins & Associates. GMENAC, Goodman (Dec. 11, 1996 JAMA), Hicks & Glenn (1989 Journal of
Health Care Management), Solucient (2003). (12) American Medical Association. Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the US, 2010 Edition; 2010.