Recidivism update : program recidivism rates, FY 1998-2003 / Department of Juvenile Justice

DEPARTMENT OF JUVENILE JUSTICE
Recidivism Update Program Recidivism Rates FY 1998 FY2003
FY 2005

Recidivism Update for FY1998 FY 2003
Overview
This report was prepared by the Research, Planning, and Program Evaluation Unit of the Office of Technology and Information Services. The purpose of this document is to provide DJJ managers with data that will support them during their policy making process. This report will be updated annually.
Project Staff
Eugene M. Pond, Statistical Research Analyst Ann Watkins, Senior Operations Analyst Joshua Cargile, Programmer Llewellyn Jenkins, Lead Consultant Keith Parkhouse, Project Manager II, Planning, Research and Program Evaluation Unit Doug Engle, Chief Information Officer
March, 2005
Planning, Research and Program Evaluation Unit
Department of Juvenile Justice 3408 Covington Highway Decatur, Georgia 30032 http://www.djj.state.ga.us/

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003 Page

DRAFT

Table of Contents
Executive Summary .................................................................................................. 2 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 5 Purpose ................................................................................................................. 5 Methodology .......................................................................................................... 6 Results & Discussion ................................................................................................. 7
One Year Recidivism Trends .................................................................................... 8 Three Year Recidivism Trends ................................................................................... 10 Basic Characteristics Affecting Recidivism .................................................................... 12 Part 2: Other Characteristics Affecting Recidivism ......................................................... 16
State Recidivism Comparisons .................................................................................... 17 Appendix A ............................................................................................................ 18 Appendix B ............................................................................................................ 32 References .............................................................................................................. 40

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

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Special Notes
This report incorporates an important departure from how probation recidivism rates were calculated in the FY2004 report.1 The special database used in the FY2004 recidivism report included "historical" offense and sentencing information from Georgia's Independent Courts (county funded). This type of "historical" information is routinely entered into the JTS2000 record system by staff in DJJ and shared court service offices when a youth is admitted to a Regional Youth Detention Center (RYDC).
This meant information for youth placed on probation by an independent court, but never subsequently admitted to an RYDC, was missing in JTS2000. This process biased probation recidivism rates; they only approximated a state-wide measure.
In an attempt to remedy the problem with probation data and provide better estimates in response to State Legislative requests, DJJ's Chief of Staff asked all independent courts to share relevant information on youth placed on probation in their jurisdictions. Three counties (Fulton, Clayton, and Gwinnett) were able to contribute their historical data in time to be included in the FY2005 recidivism report. Probation data for the remaining independent courts were not used in our recidivism calculations for this report.
While several other counties have subsequently responded their data will have to be included in the FY2006 report. However, current probation recidivism rates still remain biased in DJJ's five administrative regions depending upon the number of independent courts in the region.

1 Research Brief: Baseline Recidivism Rates FY1998 FY2002, March 2004.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Information in this report is organized in two parts.
Part 1. In this part we provide updated one, two, and three-year recidivism rates for the three major types of programs operated by DJJ over the past six fiscal years (FY1998 through FY2003). See the sidebar for a program summary.
Two measures were used to assess the post-release criminality of 95,946 youthful offenders who were placed on Probation, released from a Short Term Program (STP) or a Commitment Program during this period. Commitment programs include Non-Secure Residential programs, Home placements, and YDC facilities. Tables for the individual commitment programs are available in Appendix A. Youth were designated as part of a program's "release" cohort if they were placed "at risk" for re-offending in their community during the same fiscal year.

Recidivism Summary FY98-FY03 Programs

DJJ Program

Number Released

Average 1-Year Rate (%)

Average 3-Year Rate (%)

Probation

52,660

13.5

30.8

STP (Total) 27,559

38.1

54.8

Commitments

(Total)

15,727

27.8

49.7

Combined

Programs

95,946

22.9

40.7

(FY98-FY03)

The post-release criminality of a cohort's members was assessed by a "recidivism rate" (the percentage of releases that failed at some point during their three-year follow-up period) and the average number of days elapsing between the youths' release and their first recidivating event during their follow-up ("Time-To-Failure" or TTF).
Part 2. In this part we present new findings from an ongoing study of how demographic and youth characteristics affect recidivism. The new variables we examined consisted of youth responses to selected questions drawn from the CRN,2 and the poverty level in a youth's county of residence. The poverty measure was obtained from the 2000 Census. An average one-year recidivism rate based on combined DJJ programs was used to assess the post-release criminality of youth released during FY02-FY03.

Basic Findings: Part 1
We used an analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine if a change in 1-year recidivism rates was significant or could have occurred by chance. Using this procedure we compared a program's rate in FY03 with its average for FY98-FY02. For 3-year rates, the comparison was between a program's rate in FY01 (most current cohort with three years of follow-up) and the program's average for FY98-FY00 (all previous cohorts with three years of follow-up).
One Year Recidivism Rates. One-year recidivism rates for all major programs changed significantly in FY03.
STP rates decreased 20% (down from 39.2 in FY98FY02 to 31.4 in FY03). Commitment program rates decreased 16% (down from 28.4 in FY98FY02 to 23.9 in FY03). Probation rates increased 88% (up from 12.0 in FY98FY02 to 22.6 in FY03).
The increase in Probation recidivism rates appears to be, at least in part, the result of not using prior Probation dispositions for youth that received such a disposition from an independent court in our rate calculations.

Three Year Recidivism Rates. Three-year recidivism rates for all major programs changed significantly in FY01. Commitment program rates decreased 13% (down from 51.3 in FY98FY00 to 44.5 in FY01. STP rates decreased 9% (down from 55.9 in FY98FY00 to 50.8 in FY01. Probation rates increased 29% (up from 28.9 in FY98FY00 to 37.4 in FY01.

2 Comprehensive Risk/Needs Assessment (CRN).
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Basic Findings: Part 2
Three new variables drawn from items on the CRN and one from county level data (Census 2000) were found to have a significant effect on 1-year recidivism rates. The charts on the right summarize the effects these variables had on 1year recidivism rates. They have been ordered by the variables' impact on recidivism.

Average Recidivism Rate (%)

Youth assessed on the CRN as having both criminal opportunities and criminal peers or associates had almost a 21% higher 1-year recidivism rate than youth assessed as having no criminal opportunities or criminal peers and associates.
Youth under 14 years of age experienced the largest effect (a 28% higher 1-year rate).
Youth assessed as having behavior problems in school had almost a 21% higher 1-year recidivism rate than youth assessed as having no behavior problems in school.
Youth under 14 years of age experienced the largest effect (a 30% higher 1-year rate).
Youth assessed as having substance abuse problems had almost a 12% higher 1-year recidivism rate than youth assessed as having no substance use problems.
Youth under 14 years of age experienced the largest effect (a 23% higher 1-year rate).
Youth residing in counties with over 10% of the population living below the poverty level had a 7% higher 1-year recidivism rate than those living in counties where less than 10% of the population fell below the poverty level.
Again, youth under 14 years of age experienced the largest effect (a 16% higher 1-year rate).

Average Recidivism Rate (%)

Average Recidivism Rate (%)

Average Recidivism Rate (%)

45

40.8

40

35

30

25

19.5

20

15

10

None

Both

Criminal Opportunty and Criminal Associates

45

40 35

30

25

20.4

20 15

10

No Problems

41.2 Behavior Problems

School Behavior Problems

45

40

35

29.6

30

25

20

15

No Use

41.6 Substance Use

Substance Use

30

25

18.5

20

15

10

5

0

Under 10%

25.8 Over 10%

Percent of County Population below Poverty Le ve l

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Conclusions & Recommendations
Conduct a study of the type of placements and services different age groups have received and examine the influence other variables, e.g., family characteristics, education levels, mental health needs, and the level of after-care services and contacts, have had on age-specific recidivism rates and Time-ToFailure. This would help in better understanding, evaluating, and developing new service offerings.
Develop a recidivism and TTF based evaluation model better suited to assessing the impact of programmatic changes occurring in small samples. This would extend the benefits and value of recidivism studies.

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INTRODUCTION

Recidivism, or post-release criminality, is measured in terms of the time elapsing between two events. Measurement starts the first day a youth becomes "at risk" for re-offending in the community and ends the day a new qualifying offense occurs.

States that report recidivism figures for juveniles vary widely in their definition of what constitutes "release," "recidivism," as well as the length of the measurement or follow-up periods they employ. Their outcomes, however, are generally expressed as a "recidivism rate;" which is simply another way of saying the percentage of releases that re-offended or failed at some point during a state's designated follow-up period.

Recent state recidivism reports often include cautionary notes about comparing recidivism rates. There is good reason for this practice. While recidivism rates for different programs and release methods can be compared, differences cannot be automatically attributed to the program/release method. A recidivism rate reflects the aggregate outcome of a quite complex process. Since recidivism rates are closely related to the length of the follow-up period, longer periods at risk (1-year vs. 2-years or 3-years) typically show higher levels of failure. Before we can safely compare recidivism rates, we need to ensure that the measurement processes are comparable in terms of:

The definition of a failure or recidivating event, The amount of time allowed for tracking offenders to determine post-release criminality, The basic characteristics of the offenders released during a specified period of time and, How basic offender characteristics and other factors affected the aggregate rate.

In DJJ's 2004 recidivism report a number of youth characteristics, demographic, and criminal history related factors were identified as influencing our young offender's recidivism rates. A number such factors were again selected for further examination in this study:

Gender Race Age at release from a program 1st Time or Repeat Offender Status Most Serious current offense Length of Stay (LOS) in a program, Number of prior contacts with the court DJJ Region (youth's residence) Poverty Levels in the county of residence Youth Substance Use School Behavior Problems, and Criminal Opportunities and Criminal Peers/Associates

Age at Release

1st Time or Repeat Offender

Gender

Aggregate Recidivism Rate

Race Ethnicity

Offe nse History (M SO)

Other Factors and Combinations

PURPOSE
In this report we had two basic objectives:
1. To update the 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year recidivism rates and Time-To-Failure (TTF) measures for DJJ's three major types of programs: Probation, Short Term (STP), and Commitments (including Non-Secure Residential Commitments, Home Commitments, and YDC commitments).
2. Determine if any of the new variables introduced in this study (youth responses to various CRN items and county level demographics) have significant effects on recidivism rates.

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METHODOLOGY

DJJ's definition of a recidivist specifies three key features about how we measure recidivism:
Requires an adjudication on a new delinquent charge or a conviction as an adult,
Requires a "standard" three-year follow-up period to determine post-release criminality for released youth and,
Implies dual searches of records from DJJ's Juvenile Tracking System (JTS2000) and Georgia's Department of Corrections to determine releases with a new adjudication on a delinquent charge or an Adult Probation or Adult Prison sentence (see Appendix B for a list of qualifying offenses).

The Georgia Department of Juvenile Justice defines a recidivist as a youthful offender who has been adjudicated on a new delinquent charge or convicted as an adult within three years after release from, or while under an active juvenile court order of Probation, Commitment, or a Short Term Program (STP).

Release Cohorts
All youth released from a given type of program during the same fiscal year were designated a release cohort, e.g., the FY98 Probation cohort, the FY03 STP cohort, etc.

Each youth in the FY98 - FY01 cohorts was followed-up for 3years after their release date (their first day at "risk" in their community + 1,095 days). For example, all youth released from the five types of programs during the period from July 1, 1997 to June 30, 1998 (the FY98 cohorts) were tracked until June 30, 2001.

Youth released from the five programs during the period from July 1, 1998 to June 30, 1999 (the FY99 cohorts) were tracked until June 30, 2002.

Youth released from the programs during the period from July 1, 1999 to June 30, 2000 (the FY00 cohorts) were tracked until June 30, 2003. Currently only those youth released during FY98 - FY01 could be tracked for a full three years. Youth released from programs during FY02 were tracked for 2-years; those released during FY03 were tracked for 1-year.

Variables & Data Analysis
Thirty data sets, six each for the five program cohorts contained 318 variables extracted or subsequently computed from data in DJJ's JTS2000 record system. The variables represented various youth and offense characteristics, the event dates necessary to calculate the TTF and recidivism measures, selected items from Part 1 of the Comprehensive Risk & Needs Assessment (CRN), as well as various county population level descriptors from the 2000 Census. All data sets were then merged and frequency counts run on the variables to determine the extent of any missing data elements in the records.
SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, V.13) routines were used to conduct cross-tabulations, logistic and Cox regression analyses, and ANOVA (analysis of variance) tests between the TTF measures and recidivism rates. The significance level set for rejecting a hypothesis of no difference between event measures (the "null" hypothesis) was set at the 5%-level (P = .05, two-tailed test).

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RESULTS & DISCUSSION

PART 1

Overview of the Recidivism Process

We can see in the sidebar and Figure 1 that there were large differences in the 1-year and 3-year recidivism rates for the three programs. Releases from STP programs had the highest average 3-year recidivism rate (55%); followed by releases from the Commitment programs (50%), and finally by Probation placements (31%).

DJJ Program
STP Total Commitments Probation

1yr Recidivism
Rate 38 28 14

3yr Recidivism
Rate 55 50 31

% Youth Returning
in 1yr 71 56 39

The most striking feature about Figure 1 is the large difference in the percentage of youth that re-offend at some time during their first 12-months after release. For example, with the STP cohorts, over 70% of the total youth that we know failed in three years, did so within the first twelve months. In contrast, while the Probation cohorts had the lowest 3-year recidivism rate, 39% of the cohort's total recidivists re-offended within their first year after release.

A large percentage of youth fail within a year after being placed "at risk." Recidivism studies typically report this pattern of early returns. The high proportion of "early returns" for program releases indicates we should be focusing more attention on identifying the periods of greatest risk in particular communities for different types of offenders. The process should start from the first day youth are released. Survival analysis procedures and Time-To-Failure (TTF) measures can be used to identify periods of higher risk in specific regions and communities for different age groups, as well as assessing the effectiveness of programmatic changes made to address the "early return" problem.

Figure 1. Cumulative Monthly Recidivism Rates for the Three Major Programs (FY98-FY01 Cohorts).

60 1-Year
50

40

Cumulative Recidivism (%)

30

20

Probation

10

STP

Commitments

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Months from Release

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In what follows, we will briefly discuss the recidivism and TTF trends for 1-year and 3-year follow-up periods for the three major programs. More detailed breakdowns for recidivism rates and Time-To-Failure measures for five programs are presented in Tables 1 12 (Appendix A).

One Year Recidivism Trends

% Recidivism

50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10
5 0 FY98

FY99

FY00

Probation

STP

FY01 Commitment

FY02

FY03

Program
Probation STP Commitment

1-Year Recidivism Rate Comparisons

Norm Period Rate Comparison Year Rate

FY98-FY02

FY03

12.0

22.6

39.2

31.4

28.4

23.9

Percent Change
88.3 -19.9 -15.8

Significant Change
YES (p=.000) YES (p=.000) YES (p=.000)

One Year Recidivism Rates. One-year recidivism rates for all major programs changed significantly in FY03.



STP rates decreased 20% (down from 39.2 in FY98FY02 to 31.4 in FY03).



Commitment program rates decreased 16% (down from 28.4 in FY98FY02 to 23.9 in FY03).



Probation rates increased 88% (up from 12.0 in FY98FY02 to 22.6 in FY03).

The increase in Probation recidivism rates is, in large part, the result of not using prior Probation dispositions in calculating rates for youth receiving this type of disposition from an independent court. Disregarding prior Probation dispositions does not affect STP or any of the Commitment program rates.

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One Year Time-To-Failure Trends
250

200

TTF (Days)

150

100

50

0 FY98

FY99

FY00

Probation

STP

FY01 Com m itm ent

FY02

FY03

Program
Probation STP Commitment

1-Year Average Time-To-Failure (Days) Comparisons

Norm Period Rate Comparison Year Rate Percent

FY98 - FY02

FY03

Change

187

141

-24.6

132

128

-3.0

166

151

-9.0

Significant Change
YES (p=.000) NO (p=.220) NO (p=.077)

One Year Time-To-Failure. Only one TTF measure changed significantly in FY03.
The TTF for the Probation cohort decreased 25% (down from 187 days in FY98FY02 to 141 days in FY03). In FY03 youth re-offended, on the average, about a month and a half sooner (46 days) than they did in the previous five years.
While the STP and Commitment cohorts also showed shorter TTF these relatively small decreases were not significant.

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Three Year Recidivism Trends

% Recidivism

70 60 50 40 30 20 10
0 FY98
Program Probation STP Commitment

FY99

FY00

Probation

STP

Commitment

FY01

3-Year Recidivism Rate Comparisons

Norm Period Rate Comparison Year Rate

FY98 - FY00

FY01

28.9

37.4

55.9

50.8

51.3

44.5

Percent Change
29.4 -9.1 -13.3

Significant Change
YES (p=.000) YES (p=.000) YES (p=.000)

Three Year Recidivism Rates. Three-year recidivism rates for all major programs changed significantly inFY01. Commitment program rates decreased 13% (down from 51.3 in FY98FY00 to 44.5 in FY01. STP rates decreased 9% (down from 55.9 in FY98FY00 to 50.8 in FY01. Probation rates increased 29% (up from 28.9 in FY98FY00 to 37.4 in FY01.

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Three Year Time-To-Failure Trends
920

910

900

890

TTF (Days)

880

870

860

850

840 FY98

FY99

FY00

Probation

STP

Commitment

FY01

Program
Probation STP Commitment

3-Year Average Time-To-Failure (Days) Comparisons

Norm Period Rate Comparison Year Rate Percent

FY98 - FY00

FY01

Change

895

865

-3.4

900

884

-1.8

899

881

-2.0

Significant Change
YES (p=.000) YES (p=.042) NO (p=.052)

Three Year Time-To-Failure. Two program TTF measures changed significantly in FY01.
The TTF for the Probation cohort decreased 25% (down from 187 days in FY98FY02 to 141 days in FY03). In FY03 youth re-offended, on the average, about a month and a half sooner (46 days) than they did in the previous five years.
While the STP and Commitment cohorts also showed shorter TTF these relatively small decreases were not significant.

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Basic Characteristics Affecting Recidivism
A regression analysis indicated that seven of the eight factors identified in the 2004 recidivism report continued to have an impact on recidivism rates and "Time-To-Failure." The eighth factor, "DJJ Region" was replaced by a new factor, the percentage of a county's population living below the poverty line. Age-at-Release, Gender, 1st-Time Offender status, and Length of Stay (LOS) in a program remained the most influential factors across programs. The following comments are based on the program outcomes in the sidebar.
Age-at-Release. Youth younger than 14 have consistently had the highest 1-year and 3-year recidivism rates across programs. Similarly, those over 16 years of age have had the lowest rates. The difference between the two age groups after one year of follow-up is 20%. After three years the difference between them increases to 30%.
Gender. Males consistently recidivate at significantly higher rates than females. After one year of follow-up, males have an 8% higher recidivism rate. After three years, the gender difference has increased to 20%. However, after three years of follow-up there is very little difference in the average amount of time they take to re-offend.
Criminal History. First-Time offenders have consistently recidivated at significantly lower rates than youth admitted with at least one prior offense. The difference between 1st-Time and Repeat offenders' recidivism rates is 18% after one year of follow-up. After three years, the difference increases to 23% across programs.
Length of Stay (LOS). For Probation, Non-Secure Residential, and Home commitment cohorts, LOS actually represents the length of time youth were supervised and treated in the community after placement. We can see in the sidebar that the supervision and treatment strategies associated with Probation, Non-Secure Residential commitments, and Home commitments have quite different TTF's. Moreover, these effects are maintained across all age-at-release groups.
There are several ways to assess the effectiveness of community based supervision and treatment on re-offending. Ranking these programs on the basis of their associated TTF provides one index of their relative effectiveness. For example, if youth in

Average Rates & Time-To-Failure (Days) for Two Follow-Up Periods

DJJ Program & Youth Characteristics

Number Released

1-Year Rate (%)

1-Year Av. TTF (Days)

3-Year Rate (%)

3-Year Av. TTF (Days)

Probation Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs.

52,660 13.5 176

30.8

890

6,320

19.5

182

46.7

897

29,443 16.3

173

34.6

884

16,897 6.5

180

19.3 898

1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders Males Females
STP (Total) Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs. 1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders Males Females

38,406 11.7

175

27.7

885

14,254 18.5

178

39.1

893

38,150 14.9

179

35.2

891

14,510 9.9

165

19.2 888

27,559 38.1 132

54.8

896

2,990

55.5

131

74.9

903

20,160 39.9

129

55.1

897

4,409

17.9

159

39.9

892

10,941 23.7

145

38.5

897

16,618 47.6

127

66.2

896

21,611 40.0

134

58.6

898

5,948

31.0

121

40.3

878

YDC Commitments Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs. 1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders Males Females

7,009 26.8 164

50.8

890

293

41.6

174

70.2

947

3,786

30.8

152

52.8

885

2,930

20.2

186

46.4

887

994

11.4

173

29.7

896

6,015

29.4

163

54.4

889

6,419

27.5

166

53.0

888

591

19.6

134

29.3

929

Non-Secure Residential 5,006 27.0 148

47.5

901

Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs. 1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders

490

35.3

156

67.8

892

3,322

30.6

143

49.9

900

1,194

13.7

169

34.9

906

758

21.8

147

38.4

880

4,248

27.9

149

49.4

904

Males Females
Home Commitments Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs.

3,795

29.6

152

54.2

901

1,211

18.9

126

27.3

887

3,712 29.7 110

49.4

903

321

39.6

106

71.4

901

2,146

35.1

100

54.2

899

1,245

17.9

147

37.0

909

1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders

578

19.7

126

36.5

897

3,134

31.6

108

51.6

904

Males Females

2,869

32.2

112

54.8

902

843

21.4

103

31.4

910

Combined Commitment

Programs (FY98-FY03) 15,727 27.8

145

49.7

895

Under 14 yrs.

1,104

38.2

146

69.4

913

14 to 16

9,254

31.7

135

51.9

892

Over 16 yrs.

5,369

18.2

174

41.9

895

1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders

2,330

16.8

145

33.6

891

13,397 29.4

149

52.3

896

Males

13,082 29.1

149

53.5

894

Females

2,645

19.8

120

29.0

912

Combined Programs

(FY98-FY03)

95,946 22.9 149

40.7

893

Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs. 1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders Males Females

10,414 31.8

152

57.3

900

58,857 26.8

144

44.4

889

26,675 10.7

172

27.0

896

51,677 14.5

163

30.3

894

44,269 32.7

141

53.2

892

72,843 24.9

151

45.4

893

23,103 16.5

137

25.7

888

*Non-Secure Residential Commitments

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program-A are found to have a significantly longer TTF than those in program-B, then program-A can be said to be more effective, all other things being equal, since it lengthened the time youth took to re-offend.

The ranking for TTF's from DJJ's Probation, Non-Secure Residential commitment, and Home commitment programs is as follows:

Program Ranking based upon TTF for 1-year of Follow-up

(1) Probation

TTF: 176 days to re-offend on the average

(2) Non-Secure Residential Commitments TTF: 148 days to re-offend on the average

(3) Home Commitments

TTF: 110 days to re-offend on the average

All programs are significantly different from each other (p< .05)

Length of Supervision Effects on Recidivism.

1-year Recidivism Rates after Different Supervison Periods

Another way to assess the effectiveness of community based supervision and treatment on re-

Av.1DJJ Program & Youth Number Year

1-yr Rates by Length of Supervision

offending is to examine the follow-up recidivism rates for youth who successfully completed dif-

Characteristics

Released Rate (%)

6 Mo. or 6 Mo. to 1-yr + Less 1-yr

ferent lengths of supervision.

Probation Under 14 yrs.

52,660 13.5 20.6

18.4

7.0

6,320 19.5

29.2

23.6

7.8

The effects three different lengths of supervision had on subsequent 1-year recidivism rates are presented in the sidebar (see also Exhibit A). If we use a ratio of recidivism rates (ratio of per-

14 to 16

29,443 16.3

24.3

22.1

8.0

Over 16 yrs.

16,897 6.5

6.8

8.1

5.5

1st Time Offenders 38,406 11.7

17.8

15.6

6.2

Repeat Offenders

14,254 18.5

27.9

26.6

9.2

Males

38,150 14.9

23.0

20.5

7.6

centages), we can see from the total or "Three Females

14,510 9.9

14.7

13.0

5.5

Programs Combined" section that:

Non-Secure* Under 14 yrs.

5,006 490

27.0 35.3

28.5 33.9

27.9 38.0

20.5 36.9

Overall: Youth supervised for 6-months or less are three times as likely to recidivate in the subsequent 12-months as

14 to 16 Over 16 yrs. 1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders

3,322 1,194 758 4,248

30.6 13.7 21.8 27.9

30.9 14.3 22.2 29.5

32.2 15.0 22.9 28.8

26.0 11.6 19.9 20.7

youth supervised for 1-year or more Males

3,795 29.6

31.1

30.6 22.8

(24.1% / 8.0% = 3.01).

Females

1,211 18.9

21.6

13.7 14.6

Home Commitments 3,711 29.7 34.2

31.5 20.1

Similar supervision effects can be seen for each type of program placement, as well as for males and females, 1st-Time and Repeat offenders, and for youth under 16; although these effects are largest for youth placed on Probation:

Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs. 1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders Males

321 2,146 1,245 578 3,134 2,869

39.6 35.1 17.9 19.7 31.6 32.2

40.2 36.2 19.6 22.3 36.3 36.4

49.0 38.0 20.2 21.8 32.9 34.6

21.2 27.5 16.0 14.5 21.3 22.7

Females

843

21.4 27.1

20.1 10.6

Probation: Youth supervised for 6months or less are about three times as likely to recidivate in the subsequent 12months as youth supervised for 1-year or more (20.6% / 7.0% = 2.94).
Non-Secure Residential Commitments:

Three Programs

Combined (FY98- 61,377 15.6

24.1

19.5

8.0

FY03)

Under 14 yrs.

7,131 21.5

31.3

24.6

8.9

14 to 16 Over 16 yrs.

34,911 18.8

27.7

23.4

9.0

19,336 7.7

9.1

9.2

6.3

1st Time Offenders 39,742 12.0

18.2

15.8

6.4

Youth supervised for 6-months or less are about 1.4 times as likely to recidivate in the subsequent 12-months as youth supervised for 1-year or more (28.5% /

Repeat Offenders

21,636 22.2

Males

44,814 17.3

Females

16,564 11.1

*Non-Secure Residential Commitments

30.5 26.6 17.5

27.6 21.8 13.2

11.3 8.7 5.9

20.5% = 1.39).

Home Commitments: Youth supervised for 6-months or less are about two times as likely to recidivate in the

subsequent 12-months as youth supervised for 1-year or more (34.2% / 20.1% = 1.70).

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 13

Exhibit A Supervision Time & Recidivism Rates

25

24.1

23

21

19.5

19

% Recidivism

17

15

13

11

9

8.0

7

5
6 Mo. or Less

6 Mo. to 1-yr
Supervision Time

1-yr +

With two other types of DJJ programs, STP and YDC commitments, LOS (Length of Stay) measures the time youth spent in a DJJ facility prior to their release. It can be used in conjunction with recidivism rates to assess a program's relative effectiveness after youth are released (all other things being equal, e.g., program treatment time, and the level of after-care services and contacts).

Length of Stay Effects on STP Recidivism Rates. We can see in the sidebar and Exhibit B that the length of time youth spend in an STP program has a significant impact on their 1-year recidivism rates.
With the STP cohorts, an LOS over 60-days is associated with significantly higher recidivism rates. In general we can see that:

1-year STP Recidivism Rates for Different LOS Periods

DJJ Short-Term (STP)

Number Released

Av.1Year Rate (%)

1-yr Rates by Length of Program Stay
Under 60 to 90 90+ 60 Days Days Days

Under 14 yrs.

2,990 55.5 48.0

54.8 59.7

14 to 16

20,160 39.9 35.8

37.8 43.7

Over 16 yrs.

4,409 17.9 15.5

17.3 19.4

1st Time

10,941 23.7 21.0

20.9 27.8

Repeat Offenders 16,618 47.6 44.0

47.6 49.1

Males

21,611 40.0 36.4

38.4 42.9

Females Total

5,948 27,559

31.0 38.1

27.8 34.3

28.4 36.2

35.3 41.4

Youth serving over 90-days in an STP program are about 1.2 times as likely to recidivate in the subsequent 12-months as youth supervised for 60-days or less (20.6% / 7.0% = 2.94).
Longer LOS periods are associated with higher recidivism rates for males and females, 1st-Time and Repeat offenders, and for all age-at-release groups.

% Recidivism

Exhibit B Length of Stay in an STP Program & Recidivism Rates

42

41.4

41

40

39

38

37

36.2

36

35

34.3

34

33

32
Under 60 Days

60 to 90 Days

90+ Days

Length of Stay in an STP Program

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 14

Length of Stay Effects on YDC Recidivism Rates. We can see in the sidebar and Exhibit C that the length of time youth spend in an YDC program has a significant impact on their 1-year recidivism rates.
In general, for youth in the YDC cohorts, an LOS of 1-year or less is associated with significantly higher recidivism rates. More specifically, we can see that:
Youth serving 1-year or less in a YDC program are about 1.1 times as likely to recidivate in the subsequent 12-months as youth supervised for 1-year or more (27.7% / 24.2% = 1.14).
An LOS of 1-year or less is associated with higher recidivism rates for males and females, 1st-Time and Repeat offenders, and for youth over 16 years of age at release. However, for youth less than 16 years of age at release, this shorter LOS period is associated with significantly lower recidivism rates.

% Recidivism

1-year YDC Recidivism Rates for Different LOS Periods

DJJ YDC Commitments

Number Released

Av.1Year Rate (%)

1-yr Rates by Length of Program Stay
1-yr. or Less Over 1-yr.

Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs.

293 3,786 2,930

41.6 30.8 20.2

41.0 29.9 21.7

53.3 36.2 17.9

1st Time Repeat Offenders Males Females
Total

994 6,015 6,419 591 7,009

11.4 29.4 27.5 19.6 26.8

12.7 30.0 28.3 20.9 27.7

8.0 27.5 25.0 15.0 24.2

Exhibit C: Length of Stay in a YDC Program & Recidivism Rates
29

28

27.7

27

26

25
24.2
24

23 1-yr. or Less

Over 1-yr.

Length of Stay in a YDC Program

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 15

PART 2: Other Characteristics Affecting Recidivism
A regression analysis indicated that the four factors shown the sidebar had a significant impact on recidivism rates.
However, it is important to note that the analysis of the CRN items was based solely on the FY02-FY03 cohorts; since consistent use of this new instrument occurred during this period. This reduced the initial sample size for analysis and restricted comparison to a 1-year average rate over two years. More importantly, youth who were not given the CRN and/or chose not to respond to particular questions reduced the sample further. Basically, this means that at present the recidivism rates for these new factors should not be compared to other program rates.
While only a small number of CRN items were included in our analysis, it is clear the CRN provides a source of some quite useful information for future recidivism studies.
At present, it appears that the effects of substance use, poverty, school behavior problems, and having criminal opportunities and criminal peers/associates in a youth's environment all have the greatest impact on youth under the age of 14.

Youth Characteristics

Recidivism by Youth with Criminal Opportunities/Criminal Associates*

Released None

Both** Total

Under 14 yrs.

3,317

26.4

14 to 16

18,459

22.8

Over 16 yrs.

7,323

9.4

1st Time Offenders 15,154

12.9

Repeat Offenders

13,945

27.7

Males

21,833

21.3

Females

7,266

14.6

Totals 29,099

19.5

*Combined CRN items.

** Criminal Opportunity and Criminal Peers/Associates

54.8 44.2 16.6 33.6 45.8 43.4 31.4 40.8

33.0 27.8 10.4 16.3 32.4 26.1 17.6 24.0

Youth Characteristics

Recidivism for Youth with Behavior Problems at School*

Released

No Problems

Behavior Problems

Total

Under 14 yrs.

2,040

21.3

14 to 16

9,367

24.6

Over 16 yrs.

2,321

8.8

1st Time Offenders 7,266

15.4

Repeat Offenders

6,462

32.9

Males

10,227

22.2

Females

3,501

16.6

Totals 13,728

20.4

50.8

43.7

43.6

38.1

16.7

13.1

32.8

25.5

47.9

45.1

43.3

37.4

33.6

26.7

41.2

34.7

* CRN item

Youth Characteristics

Recidivism for Youth with Substance Use Problems*

Released No Use

Use

Total

Under 14 yrs.

2,019

37.2

14 to 16

9,268

32.0

Over 16 yrs.

2,325

11.6

1st Time Offenders 7,298

21.9

Repeat Offenders

6,314

42.2

Males

10,075

32.5

Females

3,537

22.3

Totals 13,612

29.6

* CRN item

60.1

42.4

46.1

37.6

15.1

13.0

33.9

25.2

46.7

44.4

43.7

36.9

34.5

26.3

41.6

34.1

Youth Characteristics

Recidivism by % County Population below Poverty Level*
Released Under 10% Over 10% Total

Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs. 1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders Males Females
Totals
Census 2000 data

3,317 18,459 7,323 15,154 13,945 21,833 7,266 29,099

20.0 22.3 9.8 12.3 26.4 20.0 14.3 18.5

36.2 29.5 10.6 17.8 34.2 28.1 18.8 25.8

33.0 27.8 10.4 16.3 32.4 26.1 17.6 24.0

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 16

State Recidivism Comparisons
Relatively few states report measuring juvenile recidivism. A recent survey (1999) of juvenile justice agencies conducted by the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice, found only twenty-six states using some method to assess juvenile recidivism. As noted previously, states that report recidivism rates vary widely in their definition of "release," "recidivism," and the length of follow-up periods used to calculate their rates. The variations are shown below.

Recidivating Act

Group Studied

Referral or Arrest

Juvenile Adjudication or Juvenile Commitment or Adult

Adult conviction

Sentence

First-time offenders

Alaska (3), Florida, Maryland1, Virginia

Florida, Georgia

Florida (2), South Carolina (5)

Youth discharged From juvenile justice programs

California, Delaware (3), Florida, Maryland,
Mass (3), NY, Texas, Ohio (4), Oregon1, South,
Dakota (3)

Delaware (3), Colorado, Florida, Idaho(3), Maine (3),
Maryland, Mass (3), New York, Washington

Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Louisiana, Maryland, Mass (3,5), Nebraska, North Carolina, North Dakota, South Carolina (5), Tenn. (3),
Texas

1 juvenile re-referral only; 2 juvenile program or transfer to adult court; 3 in process, no rates available; 4 combined measure of rearrest, readjudication, commitment, conviction, or crime-related death; 5 adult probation or incarceration only

Probation

Commitment

State Recidivism Rates by Type

Program Type, State, Year
Florida, FY01

Follow-Up

1-yr.

3yrs.

28%

Florida, FY02

29%

Texas, FY96

16% 37%

Georgia, FY98

7% 28%

Georgia, FY99

10% 28%

Georgia, FY00

12% 30%

Georgia, FY01

21% 37%

Georgia, FY02

11%

Georgia, FY03

23%

Florida, FY98

33%

Oregon, FY00

30%

Maine, FY98

28%

Texas, FY99

37%

Texas, 03

32%

Georgia, FY98

32% 55%

Georgia, FY99

29% 49%

Georgia, FY00

22% 50%

Georgia, FY01

27% 45%

Georgia, FY02

31%

Georgia, FY03

24%

Indiana, 96-99

35%

New Jersey, 01

25%

Colorado, 02

22%

Georgia, FY98

33% 52%

Georgia, FY99

44% 60%

Georgia, FY00

43% 57%

Georgia, FY01

36% 51%

Georgia, FY02

40%

Georgia, FY03

31%

The recidivism rates reported by other states for different programs shown in the sidebar, use a definition of recidivism that is comparable to the one used by Georgia's Department of Juvenile Justice.
The length of the follow-up period was typically one-year. Rates based upon a one-year follow-up period provide quick turn-around for yearly reporting, as well as focusing attention on the important early phase of the recidivism process.
The majority of youth that will recidivate during a three year follow-up period usually do so within their first year after release (early returns). Longer follow-up periods are better for capturing "treatment" effects that may not have fully manifested themselves within a year.
Probation. Georgia's 1-year recidivism rates for the FY98-FY03 Probation cohorts are lower than the rates reported by Florida. Georgia's 3-yrear rates are typically lower than the rate reported by Texas in FY96.
Based upon the limited data we have at present, Georgia's 1-year, and 3-year recidivism rates for youth placed on probation during the FY98-FY03 period are generally lower than the rates reported by Florida and Texas.
Commitment Programs. Georgia's 1-year recidivism rates for youth released from the FY98 through FY03 Commitment cohorts are quite comparable to the rates reported by four other states during a similar time frame: Florida, Oregon, Maine, and Texas. Based upon the somewhat larger number of state reports we have at present, it seems that Georgia's 1-year recidivism rates for releases from Commitment programs is fairly "typical."
Short-Term Programs. Releases from DJJ's STP programs show higher 1year recidivism rates than releases from the three comparison programs. Based upon the comparative data we have, Georgia's 1-year recidivism rates for STP releases during the FY98-FY03 period have generally been higher.

Short-Term Programs

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 17

APPENDICES
Appendix A: Recidivism Rates and Time-To-Failure

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 18

Table 1

Program Recidivism Rates for FY98 - FY03 Cohorts

Type of Program

Follow-Up Period

Number of Failures and Cumulaltive % Recidivism by Cohort

FY98

FY99

FY00

FY01

FY02

FY03

Totals (FY98-03)

Releases

9,571

9,773

9,299

8,378

8,105

7,534

52,660

%1yr.

6.8

9.5

12.2

21.4

11.2

22.6

13.5

Failed 647

930

1,137

1,791

911

1,705

7,121

Probation* %2yrs.
(A)

18.9

21.6

23.8

32.7

17.9

Inc

Failed 1,158

1,176

1,080

945

541

Inc

22.9
4,900

%3yrs.

28.3

28.4

30.0

37.4

Inc

Inc

30.8

Failed 904

672

568

401

Inc

Inc

2,545

Releases

5,333

4,944

4,738

4,409

4,239

3,896

27,559

%1yr.

33.2

44.3

43.3

35.5

39.9

31.4

38.1

STP
(B)

%2yrs.

Failed Failed

1,772
45.4
648

2,190
54.9
525

2,050
51.9
411

1,565
45.7
449

1,693
49.4
400

1,224 Inc Inc

10,494
49.5
2,433

%3yrs.

51.8

59.5

56.9

50.8

Inc

Inc

54.8

Failed 344

226

234

227

Inc

Inc

1,031

Releases

1,236

1,350

1,352

1,201

1,011

859

7,009

%1yr.

30.9

27.1

23.4

22.5

30.7

27.7

26.8

YDC Commitments %2yrs.
(C)

Failed 382

365

316

270

310

238

47.2

43.6

43.0

35.7

42.4

Inc

Failed 202

223

266

159

119

Inc

1,881
42.5
969

%3yrs.

56.6

50.8

53.1

42.5

Inc

Inc

50.8

Failed 115

97

136

81

Inc

Inc

429

Releases

766

707

739

808

712

1,274

5,006

%1yr. Non-Secure

Residential Commitments

%2yrs.

(D) %3yrs.

Failed Failed

30.9
237
43.9
99
51.6

29.8
211
39.9
71
46.1

22.5
166
39.0
122
48.0

28.1
227
38.9
87
44.3

28.5
203
39.6
79 Inc

24.2
308 Inc Inc Inc

27.0
1,352
40.2
458
47.5

Failed

59

44

67

44

Inc

Inc

214

Releases

513

390

669

671

730

739

3,712

%1yr.

37.0

33.9

24.2

33.7

34.9

18.8

29.7

Home Commitments %2yrs.
(E)

Failed 190

132

162

226

255

139

47.8

43.2

39.5

42.8

43.2

Inc

Failed

55

36

102

61

60

Inc

1,104
43.0
314

%3yrs.

55.2

47.3

47.2

48.3

Inc

Inc

49.4

Failed

38

16

52

37

Inc

Inc

143

Releases

2,515

2,447

2,760

2,680

2,453

2,872

15,727

Combined Commitment
Programs
(C-E)

%1yr. %2yrs. %3yrs.

Failed Failed

32.2
809
46.6
356
55.0

29.5
708
42.7
330
49.0

23.5
643
41.2
491
50.4

27.2
723
38.7
307
44.6

31.5
768
41.9
258 Inc

24.2
685 Inc Inc Inc

27.8
4,336
42.1
1,742
49.7

Failed 212

157

255

162

Inc

Inc

786

Releases

17,419 17,164 16,797 15,467 14,797 14,302 95,946

%1yr.

18.5

22.3

22.8

26.4

22.8

25.3

22.9

All Programs Combined %2yrs.
(A-E)

Failed Failed

3,228
30.9
2,162

3,828
34.1
2,031

3,830
34.6
1,982

4,079
37.4
1,701

3,372
30.9
1,199

3,614 Inc Inc

21,951
33.6
9,075

%3yrs.

39.3

40.3

40.9

42.5

Inc

Inc

40.7

Failed 1,460

1,055

1,057

790

Inc

Inc

4,362

Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 19

Type of Program

Table 2

Mean Time (Days) to Failure (MTTF) for FY98 - FY03 Cohorts

Failure Period

FY98

Mean Time to Failure by Cohort FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02

FY03

Before 1yr. (365 days)

176

185

197

177

203

141

Failed 647

930

1,137

1,791

911

1,705

Probation* Before 2yrs. (730 days)

570

550

538

519

477

Inc

(A)

Failed 1,158

1,176

1,080

945

541

Inc

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 890

898

899

865

Inc

Inc

Failed 904

672

568

401

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

141

131

130

135

124

128

Failed 1,772

2,190

2,050

1,565

1,693

1,224

STP

Before 2yrs. (730 days)

523

519

521

518

517

Inc

(B)

Failed 648

525

411

449

400

Inc

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 893

909

902

884

Inc

Inc

Failed 344

226

234

227

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

154

169

187

177

147

151

Failed 382

365

316

270

310

238

YDC

Before 2yrs. (730 days)

542

513

528

531

513

Inc

Commitments

Failed 202

223

266

159

119

Inc

(C)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 877

877

916

879

Inc

Inc

Failed 115

97

136

81

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

135

134

190

138

142

154

Non-Secure

Failed 237

211

166

227

203

308

Residential Before 2yrs. (730 days)

525

513

503

520

536

Inc

Commitments

Failed

99

71

122

87

79

Inc

(D)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 885

936

919

858

Inc

Inc

Failed

59

44

67

44

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

87

97

152

105

90

151

Failed 190

132

162

226

255

139

Home

Before 2yrs. (730 days)

534

520

540

517

510

Inc

Commitments

(E)

Failed

55

36

102

61

60

Inc

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 897

893

905

910

Inc

Inc

Failed

38

16

52

37

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

133

145

178

142

127

152

Combined

Failed 809

708

643

723

768

685

Commitment Before 2yrs. (730 days)

536

514

525

525

519

Inc

Programs

Failed 356

330

491

307

258

Inc

(C-E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 883

895

915

881

Inc

Inc

Failed 212

157

255

162

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

146

147

158

155

146

139

All Programs Combined
(A-E)

Failed
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days)

3,228
550
2,162
890

3,828
536
2,031
900

3,830
531
1,982
904

4,079
520
1,701
874

3,372
499
1,199 Inc

3,614 Inc Inc Inc

Failed 1,460

1,055

1,057

790

Inc

Inc

Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices

MTTF (FY98-03)
176
7,121
538
4,900
890
2,545
132
10,494
520
2,433
896
1,031
164
1,881
526
969
890
429
148
1,352
518
458
901
214
110
1,104
526
314
903
143
145
4,336
524
1,742
895
786
149
21,951
530
9,075
893
4,362

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 20

Table 3

Region 1: Recidivism Rates for FY98 - FY03 Programs

Number of Failures and Cumulaltive % Recidivism by Cohort

Type of Program

Follow-Up Period

FY98

FY99

FY00

FY01

FY02

FY03

Totals (FY98-03)

Releases

1,535

1,469

1,565

1,280

1,321

1,254

8,424

%1yr.

7.4

9.3

12.3

22.3

11.1

17.2

12.9

Failed 113

136

192

285

147

216

1,089

Probation* %2yrs.
(A)

18.1

19.9

22.0

30.6

15.1

Inc

Failed 165

156

153

107

66

Inc

21.2
647

%3yrs.

27.3

26.7

27.9

35.9

Inc

Inc

29.2

Failed 141

100

92

67

Inc

Inc

400

Releases

811

676

696

593

563

618

3,957

%1yr.

28.2

42.2

44.3

32.2

36.1

26.5

34.9

STP
(B)

%2yrs.

Failed 229

285

308

191

203

164

42.0

53.4

52.9

45.4

46.0

Inc

Failed 112

76

60

78

56

Inc

1,380
47.9
382

%3yrs.

48.7

57.5

58.0

50.8

Inc

Inc

53.6

Failed

54

28

36

32

Inc

Inc

150

Releases

156

176

199

159

142

83

915

YDC

%1yr.

Failed

32.7
51

30.1
53

23.6
47

20.1
32

34.5
49

34.9
29

28.5
261

Commitments %2yrs.
(C) %3yrs.

49.4

43.2

43.7

33.3

46.5

Inc

Failed

26

23

40

21

17

Inc

55.8

51.1

53.8

41.5

Inc

Inc

43.1
127
50.7

Failed

10

14

20

13

Inc

Inc

57

Releases

109

104

167

122

109

211

822

Non-Secure %1yr.

Residential %2yrs. Commitments

(D)

%3yrs.

Failed Failed

27.5
30
39.4
13
46.8

35.6
37
45.2
10
53.9

22.2
37
35.9
23
43.1

27.9
34
33.6
7
37.7

24.8
27
38.5
15 Inc

27.5
58 Inc Inc Inc

27.1
223
38.1
68
44.8

Failed

8

9

12

5

Inc

Inc

34

Releases

70

52

72

115

107

129

545

Home

%1yr.

Failed

27.1
19

36.5
19

22.2
16

31.3
36

27.1
29

25.6
33

27.9
152

Commitments %2yrs.
(E) %3yrs.

38.6

46.2

33.3

40.0

37.4

Inc

Failed

8

5

8

10

11

Inc

48.6

51.9

41.7

47.8

Inc

Inc

38.7
42
47.2

Failed

7

3

6

9

Inc

Inc

25

Releases

335

332

438

396

358

423

2,282

Combined Commitment
Programs
(C-E)

%1yr. %2yrs. %3yrs.

Failed Failed

30.7
100
44.8
47
51.9

32.8
109
44.3
38
52.1

23.1
100
39.0
71
47.7

25.5
102
35.6
38
42.2

29.6
105
41.3
43 Inc

28.4
120 Inc Inc Inc

28.0
636
40.7
237
48.2

Failed

25

26

38

27

Inc

Inc

116

Releases

2,681

2,477

2,699

2,269

2,242

2,295

14,663

All Programs Combined
(A-E)

%1yr. %2yrs.

Failed Failed

16.5
442
28.6
324

21.4
530
32.3
270

22.2
600
32.8
284

25.5
578
35.3
223

20.3
455
27.7
165

21.8
500 Inc Inc

21.2
3,105
31.3
1,266

%3yrs.

36.8

38.5

38.9

40.9

Inc

Inc

38.7

Failed 220

154

166

126

Inc

Inc

666

Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 21

Table 4

Region 1: Mean Time (Days) to Failure (MTTF) for FY98 - FY03 Programs

Mean Time to Failure by Cohort

Type of Program

Failure Period

FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03

Before 1yr. (365 days)

176

185

190

174

186

145

Failed 113

136

192

285

147

216

Probation* Before 2yrs. (730 days)

589

549

541

516

474

Inc

(A)

Failed 165

156

153

107

66

Inc

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 908

896

898

860

Inc

Inc

Failed 141

100

92

67

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

155

154

138

137

125

128

Failed 229

285

308

191

203

164

STP

Before 2yrs. (730 days)

512

543

486

509

519

Inc

(B)

Failed 112

76

60

78

56

Inc

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 904

882

902

891

Inc

Inc

Failed

54

28

36

32

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

195

175

209

193

166

163

YDC

Failed

51

53

47

32

49

29

Commitments

Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed

550
26

541
23

529
40

603
21

460
17

Inc Inc

(C)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 865

885

907

864

Inc

Inc

Failed

10

14

20

13

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

114

144

214

135

129

135

Non-Secure

Failed

30

37

37

34

27

58

Residential Before 2yrs. (730 days)

500

495

534

507

542

Inc

Commitments

Failed

13

10

23

7

15

Inc

(D)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 902

975

911

878

Inc

Inc

Failed

8

9

12

5

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

116

113

132

115

77

184

Home

Failed

19

19

16

36

29

33

Commitments

Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed

520
8

594
5

495
8

561
10

519
11

Inc Inc

(E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 972

782

939

902

Inc

Inc

Failed

7

3

6

9

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

155

154

199

146

132

155

Combined

Failed 100

109

100

102

105

120

Commitment Before 2yrs. (730 days)

531

536

527

574

504

Inc

Programs

Failed

47

38

71

38

43

Inc

(C-E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 907

904

913

879

Inc

Inc

Failed

25

26

38

27

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

161

162

165

157

146

142

All Programs

Failed 442

530

600

578

455

500

Combined

Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed

554
324

545
270

526
284

523
223

497
165

Inc Inc

(A-E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 907

895

902

872

Inc

Inc

Failed 220

154

166

126

Inc

Inc

Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices

MTTF (FY98-03)
174
1,089
544
647
895
400
141
1,380
515
382
897
150
184
261
539
127
884
57
146
223
521
68
921
34
124
152
534
42
916
25
157
636
533
237
902
116
156
3,105
533
1,266
896
666

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 22

Table 5

Region 2: Recidivism Rates for FY98 - FY03 Programs

Number of Failures and Cumulaltive % Recidivism by Cohort

Type of Program

Follow-Up Period

FY98

FY99

FY00

FY01

FY02

FY03

Totals (FY98-03)

Releases

2,205

2,304

2,098

2,077

2,188

1,987

12,859

%1yr.

5.9

9.5

13.1

20.1

11.5

24.7

13.9

Failed 130

219

274

417

251

490

1,781

Probation* %2yrs.
(A)

19.1

21.6

25.8

32.9

18.9

Inc

Failed 292

278

268

267

162

Inc

23.5
1,267

%3yrs.

29.0

28.4

32.5

38.4

Inc

Inc

31.9

Failed 217

158

140

114

Inc

Inc

629

Releases

811

834

804

730

727

640

4,546

%1yr.

29.2

43.7

41.2

34.3

37.1

32.2

36.5

STP
(B)

%2yrs.

Failed 237

364

331

250

270

206

39.8

55.2

50.0

45.3

46.9

Inc

Failed

86

96

69

81

71

Inc

1,658
47.5
403

%3yrs.

47.8

60.0

55.0

51.0

Inc

Inc

53.6

Failed

65

41

42

41

Inc

Inc

189

Releases

190

181

181

194

141

131

1,018

YDC

%1yr.

Failed

23.2
44

24.3
44

21.6
39

20.6
40

37.6
53

32.8
43

25.8
263

Commitments %2yrs.
(C) %3yrs.

45.8

40.0

41.4

33.5

50.4

Inc

Failed

43

27

36

25

18

Inc

52.6

47.5

48.6

38.7

Inc

Inc

41.7
149
46.8

Failed

13

15

13

10

Inc

Inc

51

Releases

101

92

130

142

124

203

792

Non-Secure %1yr.

Residential %2yrs. Commitments

(D)

%3yrs.

Failed Failed

32.7
33
44.6
12
53.5

21.7
20
32.6
10
39.1

24.6
32
40.0
20
48.5

33.8
48
43.0
13
47.2

25.8
32
35.5
12 Inc

24.1
49 Inc Inc Inc

27.0
214
39.4
67
47.3

Failed

9

6

11

6

Inc

Inc

32

Releases

22

36

40

54

50

87

289

Home

%1yr.

Failed

22.7
5

33.3
12

15.0
6

38.9
21

24.0
12

12.6
11

23.2
67

Commitments %2yrs.
(E) %3yrs.

40.9

44.4

25.0

51.9

32.0

Inc

Failed

4

3

4

6

4

Inc

54.6

47.2

32.5

53.7

Inc

Inc

39.1
21
46.7

Failed

3

1

3

1

Inc

Inc

8

Releases

313

309

351

390

315

421

2,099

Combined Commitment
Programs
(C-E)

%1yr. %2yrs. %3yrs.

Failed Failed

26.2
82
45.0
59
53.0

25.2
76
38.2
40
45.0

22.2
77
39.0
60
46.7

28.5
109
39.5
44
43.8

31.1
97
41.6
34 Inc

25.2
103 Inc Inc Inc

26.3
544
40.6
237
47.0

Failed

25

22

27

17

Inc

Inc

91

Releases

3,329

3,447

3,253

3,197

3,230

3,048

19,504

All Programs Combined
(A-E)

%1yr. %2yrs.

Failed Failed

13.5
449
26.6
437

19.1
659
31.1
414

21.0
682
33.2
397

24.3
776
36.5
392

19.1
618
27.4
267

26.2
799 Inc Inc

20.4
3,983
30.9
1,907

%3yrs.

35.8

37.5

35.8

41.9

Inc

Inc

38.7

Failed 307

221

209

172

Inc

Inc

909

Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 23

Table 6

Region 2: Mean Time (Days) to Failure (MTTF) for FY98 - FY03 Programs

Mean Time to Failure by Cohort

Type of Program

Failure Period

FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03

Before 1yr. (365 days)

183

193

213

191

222

141

Failed 130

219

274

417

251

490

Probation* Before 2yrs. (730 days)

567

544

534

522

477

Inc

(A)

Failed 292

278

268

267

162

Inc

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 887

909

904

873

Inc

Inc

Failed 217

158

140

114

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

150

134

142

151

132

130

STP
(B)

Failed 237

364

331

250

270

206

Before 2yrs. (730 days)

527

531

524

518

525

Inc

Failed

86

96

69

81

71

Inc

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 890

904

881

884

Inc

Inc

Failed

65

41

42

41

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

150

178

204

185

167

143

YDC

Failed

44

44

39

40

53

43

Commitments

Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed

550
43

470
27

533
36

511
25

513
18

Inc Inc

(C)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 899

860

917

883

Inc

Inc

Failed

13

15

13

10

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

120

145

200

123

147

157

Non-Secure

Failed

33

20

32

48

32

49

Residential Before 2yrs. (730 days)

542

549

496

527

549

Inc

Commitments

Failed

12

10

20

13

12

Inc

(D)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 878

892

889

818

Inc

Inc

Failed

9

6

11

6

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

88

108

182

101

100

182

Home

Failed

5

12

6

21

12

11

Commitments

Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed

561
4

473
3

509
4

477
6

527
4

Inc Inc

(E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 883

1088

863

1086

Inc

Inc

Failed

3

1

3

1

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

134

158

201

142

152

154

Combined

Failed

82

76

77

109

97

103

Commitment Before 2yrs. (730 days)

549

490

519

511

527

Inc

Programs

Failed

59

40

60

44

34

Inc

(C-E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 890

879

900

872

Inc

Inc

Failed

25

22

27

17

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

157

156

177

171

172

140

All Programs

Failed 449

659

682

776

618

799

Combined

Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed

557
437

536
414

530
397

520
392

496
267

Inc Inc

(A-E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 888

905

899

875

Inc

Inc

Failed 307

221

209

172

Inc

Inc

Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices

MTTF (FY98-03)
185
1,781
534
1,267
894
629
139
1,658
525
403
890
189
170
263
520
149
889
51
148
214
528
67
873
32
122
67
508
21
926
8
155
544
521
237
887
91
162
3,983
531
1,907
892
909

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 24

Table 7

Region 3: Recidivism Rates for FY98 - FY03 Programs

Number of Failures and Cumulaltive % Recidivism by Cohort

Type of Program

Follow-Up Period

FY98

FY99

FY00

FY01

FY02

FY03

Totals (FY98-03)

Releases

1,124

1,309

1,398

1,204

1,192

1,033

7,260

%1yr.

7.5

10.4

12.0

23.6

12.9

24.9

14.3

Failed

81

110

163

231

112

217

914

Probation* %2yrs.
(A)

17.3

20.2

21.8

30.0

14.5

Inc

Failed 113

154

142

130

61

Inc

20.8
600

%3yrs.

27.2

27.3

27.0

34.3

Inc

Inc

28.9

Failed 112

94

72

52

Inc

Inc

330

Releases

1,454

1,344

1,275

1,124

1,150

1,027

7,374

%1yr.

31.5

39.0

38.7

29.7

35.7

24.9

33.6

STP
(B)

%2yrs.

Failed 458

524

493

334

411

256

42.4

50.0

47.7

38.0

44.3

Inc

Failed 159

148

115

93

98

Inc

2,476
44.6
613

%3yrs.

48.1

55.1

52.3

43.5

Inc

Inc

49.9

Failed

82

68

59

62

Inc

Inc

271

Releases

334

355

331

315

262

269

1,866

YDC

%1yr.

Failed

34.7
116

21.1
75

21.2
70

20.6
65

21.0
55

23.8
64

23.9
445

Commitments %2yrs.
(C) %3yrs.

47.9

36.3

41.7

34.0

29.4

Inc

Failed

44

53

67

40

22

Inc

58.1

45.1

50.2

41.0

Inc

Inc

38.3
226
48.6

Failed

34

31

28

24

Inc

Inc

117

Releases

276

288

217

249

199

460

1,689

Non-Secure %1yr.

Residential %2yrs. Commitments

(D)

%3yrs.

Failed Failed

28.3
78
40.9
33
46.7

25.7
74
34.7
26
40.6

18.9
41
34.1
33
43.8

24.1
60
34.9
26
41.0

32.2
64
40.7
16 Inc

21.7
100 Inc Inc Inc

24.7
417
37.0
134
43.0

Failed

16

17

21

15

Inc

Inc

69

Releases

303

219

289

278

347

338

1,774

Home

%1yr.

Failed

37.6
114

31.1
68

22.8
66

35.3
98

37.5
130

17.8
60

30.2
536

Commitments %2yrs.
(E) %3yrs.

47.2

42.0

39.8

42.1

45.2

Inc

Failed

29

24

49

19

26

Inc

56.1

46.1

46.4

46.0

Inc

Inc

43.5
147
48.9

Failed

27

9

19

11

Inc

Inc

66

Releases

913

862

837

842

808

1,067

5,329

Combined Commitment
Programs
(C-E)

%1yr. %2yrs. %3yrs.

Failed Failed

34.0
308
45.6
106
54.0

25.6
217
37.2
103
43.9

21.4
176
39.1
150
47.2

27.0
223
36.9
85
42.6

31.1
249
39.0
64 Inc

21.3
224 Inc Inc Inc

26.6
1,397
39.7
508
47.0

Failed

77

57

68

50

Inc

Inc

252

Releases

3,491

3,515

3,510

3,170

3,150

3,127

19,963

All Programs Combined
(A-E)

%1yr. %2yrs.

Failed Failed

24.3
847
35.1
378

24.2
851
35.7
405

23.7
832
0.4
407

24.9
788
34.6
308

24.5
772
31.6
223

22.3
697 Inc Inc

24.0
4,787
34.5
1,721

%3yrs.

42.9

42.0

41.0

40.0

Inc

Inc

41.4

Failed 271

219

199

164

Inc

Inc

853

Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 25

Table 8

Region 3: Mean Time (Days) to Failure (MTTF) for FY98 - FY03 Programs

Mean Time to Failure by Cohort

Type of Program

Failure Period

FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03

Before 1yr. (365 days)

197

191

176

183

184

129

Failed

81

110

163

231

112

217

Probation* Before 2yrs. (730 days)

567

547

548

511

468

Inc

(A)

Failed 113

154

142

130

61

Inc

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 885

896

896

852

Inc

Inc

Failed 112

94

72

52

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

134

124

127

129

117

136

STP
(B)

Failed 458

524

493

334

411

256

Before 2yrs. (730 days)

532

512

534

534

506

Inc

Failed 159

148

115

93

98

Inc

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 894

926

909

865

Inc

Inc

Failed

82

68

59

62

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

134

156

172

166

146

171

YDC

Failed 116

75

70

65

55

64

Commitments

Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed

566
44

533
53

513
67

535
40

519
22

Inc Inc

(C)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 889

891

913

905

Inc

Inc

Failed

34

31

28

24

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

130

154

184

147

142

155

Non-Secure

Failed

78

74

41

60

64

100

Residential Before 2yrs. (730 days)

532

500

499

527

576

Inc

Commitments

Failed

33

26

33

26

16

Inc

(D)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 871

929

923

876

Inc

Inc

Failed

16

17

21

15

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

86

102

159

112

92

146

Home

Failed 114

68

66

98

130

60

Commitments

Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed

538
29

495
24

546
49

523
19

534
26

Inc Inc

(E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 880

901

919

888

Inc

Inc

Failed

27

9

19

11

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

115

139

167

137

117

157

Combined

Failed 308

217

176

223

249

224

Commitment Before 2yrs. (730 days)

547

516

522

530

539

Inc

Programs

Failed 106

103

150

85

64

Inc

(C-E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 882

904

918

893

Inc

Inc

Failed

77

57

68

50

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

133

137

145

147

126

141

All Programs

Failed 847

851

832

788

772

697

Combined

Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed

548
378

526
405

535
407

523
308

505
223

Inc Inc

(A-E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 887

907

907

869

Inc

Inc

Failed 271

219

199

164

Inc

Inc

Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices

MTTF (FY98-03)
171
914
536
600
885
330
127
2,476
524
613
898
271
155
445
533
226
898
117
150
417
522
134
902
69
110
536
531
147
896
66
136
1,397
530
508
899
252
138
4,787
530
1,721
893
853

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 26

Table 9

Region 4: Recidivism Rates for FY98 - FY03 Programs

Number of Failures and Cumulaltive % Recidivism by Cohort

Type of Program

Follow-Up Period

FY98

FY99

FY00

FY01

FY02

FY03

Totals (FY98-03)

Releases

2,702

2,730

2,251

1,998

1,803

1,748

13,232

%1yr.

7.5

10.4

12.0

23.6

12.9

24.9

14.3

Failed 203

285

269

471

233

435

1,896

Probation* %2yrs.
(A)

20.3

23.2

25.8

36.0

20.7

Inc

Failed 345

349

312

249

140

Inc

24.9
1,395

%3yrs.

29.7

30.8

32.8

40.5

Inc

Inc

33.0

Failed 254

206

158

90

Inc

Inc

708

Releases

1,115

1,079

1,014

1,023

952

795

5,978

%1yr.

39.7

51.0

49.4

40.0

46.4

41.0

44.7

STP
(B)

%2yrs.

Failed 443

550

501

409

442

326

53.4

62.4

59.6

50.9

56.9

Inc

Failed 152

123

103

112

100

Inc

2,671
56.6
590

%3yrs.

60.0

66.4

64.9

55.9

Inc

Inc

61.8

Failed

74

43

54

51

Inc

Inc

222

Releases

236

307

305

257

259

167

1,531

YDC

%1yr.

Failed

35.6
84

36.2
111

25.9
79

24.1
62

31.3
81

23.4
39

29.8
456

Commitments %2yrs.
(C) %3yrs.

50.0

57.3

45.3

38.5

46.3

Inc

Failed

34

64

59

37

39

Inc

63.1

63.2

57.7

45.1

Inc

Inc

47.7
233
57.5

Failed

31

19

38

17

Inc

Inc

105

Releases

100

90

74

106

116

163

649

Non-Secure %1yr.

Residential %2yrs. Commitments

(D)

%3yrs.

Failed Failed

37.0
37
55.0
18
63.0

45.6
41
56.7
10
57.8

29.7
22
51.4
16
58.1

31.1
33
40.6
10
47.2

28.5
33
42.2
16 Inc

25.8
42 Inc Inc Inc

32.1
208
48.6
70
56.2

Failed

8

1

5

7

Inc

Inc

21

Releases

71

51

134

111

84

84

535

Home

%1yr.

Failed

45.1
32

47.1
24

32.1
43

28.8
32

34.5
29

16.7
14

32.5
174

Commitments %2yrs.
(E) %3yrs.

57.8

51.0

50.0

38.7

40.5

Inc

Failed

9

2

24

11

5

Inc

59.2

52.9

56.0

45.1

Inc

Inc

46.8
51
52.9

Failed

1

1

8

7

Inc

Inc

17

Releases

407

448

513

474

459

414

2,715

Combined Commitment
Programs
(C-E)

%1yr. %2yrs. %3yrs.

Failed Failed

37.6
153
52.6
61
62.4

39.5
176
56.5
76
60.9

28.1
144
47.4
99
57.3

27.0
127
39.0
58
45.6

31.2
143
44.2
60 Inc

22.9
95 Inc Inc Inc

30.9
838
47.7
354
56.3

Failed

40

21

51

31

Inc

Inc

143

Releases

4,224

4,257

3,778

3,495

3,214

2,957

21,925

All Programs Combined
(A-E)

%1yr. %2yrs.

Failed Failed

18.9
799
32.1
558

23.8
1,011
36.6
548

24.2
914
37.8
514

28.8
1,007
40.8
419

25.5
818
34.8
300

29.0
856 Inc Inc

24.7
5,405
36.3
2,339

%3yrs.

40.8

43.0

44.8

45.7

Inc

Inc

43.4

Failed 368

270

263

172

Inc

Inc

1,073

Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 27

Table 10

Region 4: Mean Time (Days) to Failure (MTTF) for FY98 - FY03 Programs

Mean Time to Failure by Cohort

Type of Program

Failure Period

FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03

Before 1yr. (365 days)

160

168

193

172

201

146

Failed 203

285

269

471

233

435

Probation* Before 2yrs. (730 days)

567

557

538

519

483

Inc

(A)

Failed 345

349

312

249

140

Inc

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 876

895

897

862

Inc

Inc

Failed 254

206

158

90

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

133

129

126

132

120

127

Failed 443

550

501

409

442

326

STP

Before 2yrs. (730 days)

507

505

521

513

507

Inc

(B)

Failed 152

123

103

112

100

Inc

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 885

916

909

888

Inc

Inc

Failed

74

43

54

51

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

149

173

182

169

151

133

YDC

Failed

84

111

79

62

81

39

Commitments

Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed

526
34

521
64

543
59

522
37

537
39

Inc Inc

(C)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 874

862

906

875

Inc

Inc

Failed

31

19

38

17

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

143

122

163

163

149

140

Non-Secure

Failed

37

41

22

33

33

42

Residential Before 2yrs. (730 days)

508

500

497

534

493

Inc

Commitments

Failed

18

10

16

10

16

Inc

(D)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 918

1080

894

870

Inc

Inc

Failed

8

1

5

7

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

78

88

157

109

83

103

Home

Failed

32

24

43

32

29

14

Commitments

Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed

505
9

602
2

537
24

506
11

465
5

Inc Inc

(E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 879

807

885

998

Inc

Inc

Failed

1

1

8

7

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

133

150

171

152

137

131

Combined

Failed 153

176

144

127

143

95

Commitment Before 2yrs. (730 days)

518

520

534

521

519

Inc

Programs

Failed

61

76

99

58

60

Inc

(C-E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 883

870

902

901

Inc

Inc

Failed

40

21

51

31

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

140

144

153

153

146

137

All Programs

Failed 799

1,011

914

1,007

818

856

Combined

Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed

546
558

540
548

534
514

518
419

498
300

Inc Inc

(A-E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 879

896

900

877

Inc

Inc

Failed 368

270

263

172

Inc

Inc

Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices

MTTF (FY98-03)
171
1,896
541
1,395
884
708
128
2,671
510
590
897
222
162
456
530
233
884
105
144
208
505
70
904
21
107
174
520
51
927
17
146
838
524
354
892
143
146
5,405
531
2,339
888
1,073

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 28

Table 11

Region 5: Recidivism Rates for FY98 - FY03 Programs

Number of Failures and Cumulaltive % Recidivism by Cohort

Type of Program

Follow-Up Period

FY98

FY99

FY00

FY01

FY02

FY03

Totals (FY98-03)

Releases

2,005

1,961

1,986

1,816

1,598

1,512

10,878

%1yr.

6.0

9.2

12.0

21.3

10.5

23.0

13.3

Failed 120

180

239

387

168

347

1,441

Probation* %2yrs.
(A)

18.1

21.4

22.4

31.9

17.5

Inc

Failed 243

239

205

192

112

Inc

22.3
991

%3yrs.

27.1

27.2

27.7

36.2

Inc

Inc

29.4

Failed 180

114

106

78

Inc

Inc

478

Releases

1,142

1,011

949

939

847

816

5,704

%1yr.

35.5

46.2

43.9

40.6

43.3

33.3

40.5

STP
(B)

%2yrs.

Failed 405

467

417

381

367

272

47.6

54.3

50.7

49.6

52.2

Inc

Failed 139

82

64

85

75

Inc

2,309
50.8
445

%3yrs.

53.7

58.9

55.2

54.0

Inc

Inc

55.4

Failed

69

46

43

41

Inc

Inc

199

Releases

320

330

336

276

207

209

1,678

YDC

%1yr.

Failed

27.2
87

24.9
82

24.1
81

25.7
71

34.8
72

30.1
63

27.2
456

Commitments %2yrs.
(C) %3yrs.

44.4

42.1

43.5

39.1

45.9

Inc

Failed

55

56

64

36

23

Inc

52.8

47.6

54.5

44.9

Inc

Inc

42.9
234
50.2

Failed

27

18

37

17

Inc

Inc

99

Releases

180

133

151

189

164

237

1,054

Non-Secure %1yr.

Residential %2yrs. Commitments

(D)

%3yrs.

Failed Failed

32.8
59
46.1
23
56.1

29.3
39
41.4
15
49.6

22.5
34
43.1
30
54.3

27.5
52
43.9
31
49.7

28.7
47
40.9
20 Inc

24.9
59 Inc Inc Inc

27.5
290
43.2
119
52.5

Failed

18

11

18

11

Inc

Inc

58

Releases

47

31

134

113

142

101

568

Home

%1yr.

Failed

42.6
20

29.0
9

23.1
31

34.5
39

38.7
55

20.8
21

30.8
175

Commitments %2yrs.
(E) %3yrs.

53.2

35.5

35.8

47.8

48.6

Inc

Failed

5

2

17

15

14

Inc

53.2

41.9

47.8

55.8

Inc

Inc

44.3
53
50.8

Failed

0

2

16

9

Inc

Inc

27

Releases

547

494

621

578

513

547

3,300

Combined Commitment
Programs
(C-E)

%1yr. %2yrs. %3yrs.

Failed Failed

30.5
166
45.7
83
53.9

27.5
130
41.5
73
47.8

23.7
146
41.7
111
53.0

28.0
162
42.4
82
48.6

33.9
174
45.0
57 Inc

27.1
143 Inc Inc Inc

28.3
921
43.2
406
50.9

Failed

45

31

71

37

Inc

Inc

184

Releases

3,694

3,466

3,556

3,333

2,958

2,875

19,882

All Programs Combined
(A-E)

%1yr. %2yrs.

Failed Failed

18.7
691
31.3
465

22.4
777
33.8
394

22.6
802
33.2
380

27.9
930
38.7
359

24.0
709
32.2
244

26.5
762 Inc Inc

23.5
4,671
33.8
1,842

%3yrs.

39.3

39.3

39.4

43.4

Inc

Inc

40.3

Failed 294

191

220

156

Inc

Inc

861

Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 29

Table 12

Region 5: Mean Time (Days) to Failure (MTTF) for FY98 - FY03 Programs

Mean Time to Failure by Cohort

Type of Program

Failure Period

FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03

Before 1yr. (365 days)

183

199

203

168

206

138

Failed 120

180

239

387

168

347

Probation* Before 2yrs. (730 days)

561

550

533

521

477

Inc

(A)

Failed 243

239

205

192

112

Inc

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 905

891

900

872

Inc

Inc

Failed 180

114

106

78

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

143

123

124

133

131

121

Failed 405

467

417

381

367

272

STP

Before 2yrs. (730 days)

535

517

524

514

533

Inc

(B)

Failed 139

82

64

85

75

Inc

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 892

897

907

903

Inc

Inc

Failed

69

46

43

41

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

165

166

186

181

117

142

YDC

Failed

87

82

81

71

72

63

Commitments

Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed

523
55

494

527

507

506

56

64

36

23

Inc Inc

(C)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 859

877

932

857

Inc

Inc

Failed

27

18

37

17

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

157

95

181

129

140

177

Non-Secure

Failed

59

39

34

52

47

59

Residential Before 2yrs. (730 days)

534

530

493

511

528

Inc

Commitments

Failed

23

15

30

31

20

Inc

(D)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 877

927

945

840

Inc

Inc

Failed

18

11

18

11

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

85

40

136

80

93

130

Home

Failed

20

9

31

39

55

21

Commitments

Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed

562
5

624

558

502

469

2

17

15

14

Inc Inc

(E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days)

0

969

894

858

Inc

Inc

Failed

0

2

16

9

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

152

136

174

140

116

154

Combined

Failed 166

130

146

162

174

143

Commitment Before 2yrs. (730 days)

529

505

522

508

504

Inc

Programs

Failed

83

73

111

82

57

Inc

(C-E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 866

901

927

852

Inc

Inc

Failed

45

31

71

37

Inc

Inc

Before 1yr. (365 days)

152

143

156

149

145

135

All Programs

Failed 691

777

802

930

709

762

Combined

Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed

547
465

535

528

516

501

394

380

359

244

Inc Inc

(A-E)

Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 896

894

910

875

Inc

Inc

Failed 294

191

220

156

Inc

Inc

Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices

MTTF (FY98-03)
176
1,441
535
991
895
478
129
2,309
526
445
899
199
161
456
513
234
890
99
148
290
516
119
901
58
99
175
522
53
888
27
145
921
515
406
893
184
147
4,671
528
1,842
895
861

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 30

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 31

Appendix B: Offenses Defining Recidivism

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 32

Conviction for a New Offense Defined
Convicted for a new offense. Not a revocation or administrative action. Must be Probation, STP, STP/Probation, STP/CMT, Regular Commitment, Designated Felony Commitment, Superior Court Commitment, or a conviction resulting in Adult probation or Adult Prison). The offense itself must be considered a crime as an adult. All technical violations and status offenses are not new offenses as well as minor traffic (i.e., speeding, failure to yield, traffic), loitering, and contempt of court). All non-offense codes are listed below. Release Cohorts. Only the first release within the fiscal year will be followed making the release cohorts unduplicated within the year.

Legal Actions to Exclude

Rank
0 0 0 -1 -1 -1

Description

Revocation-Administrative action

Informal Adjustments-Administrative action

Abeyance

Suspension

Dismissal

Withheld

Legal Actions To Include

Rank
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
GA Code

Description

Probation

STP

STP+Probation

STP+CMT

Regular Commitment

Designated Felon Commitment

Superior Court Commitment

Adult Probation

Adult Prison

New Offenses

Description

Oftype

M/F

16-6-19 16-12-26 16-11-4 16-11-32 16-5-21 16-5-21.1 16-5-24 16-6-4 16-12-4(C) 16-6-22.2 16-6-2 16-5-91 16-10-53 16-12-120.1 16-8-41 16-7-60 16-7-61 16-7-62 16-10-54 16-10-32 16-10-51 16-5-23.1 16-5-23.1(I) 16-6-6 16-6-20 16-10-2

ADULTERY ADVERTISE COMMERCIAL GAMBLING ADVOCATING OVERTHROW OF GOVERNMENT AFFRAY AGGRAVATED ASSAULT AGGRAVATED ASSAULT WITH INTENT TO RAPE OR ROB AGGRAVATED BATTERY AGGRAVATED CHILD MOLESTATION AGGRAVATED CRUELTY TO ANIMALS AGGRAVATED SEXUAL BATTERY AGGRAVATED SODOMY AGGRAVATED STALKING AID/PERMIT ANOTHER TO ESCAPE LAWFUL CUSTODY/CONFINEMENT ALTERED/SALE/EXCHANGE OF FARE COINS/NOTES/TOKENS/CARDS/TICKETS ARMED ROBBERY ARSON-FIRST DEGREE ARSON-SECOND DEGREE ARSON-THIRD DEGREE ASSAIL/OPPOSE/RESIST OFFICER OF THE LAW IN A PENAL INSTITUTION ATTEMPTED MURDER/THREATENING A WITNESS IN OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS BAIL JUMPING BATTERY BATTERY-SCHOOL OFFICIAL BESTIALITY BIGAMY BRIBERY

5

M

4

M

4

F

4

M

8

F

8

F

8

F

9

F

8

F

9

F

9

F

8

F

4

F

4

M

8

F

8

F

8

F

3

F

8

F

4

F

4

F

8

M

8

F

5

M

4

F

4

M

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

Page 33

16-7-1 16-7-28 16-12-123 16-11-126 16-11-127 16-11-126 16-11-128 16-11-127.1 16-12-120 16-6-4 16-12-22 16-12-28 16-10-31 16-4-8 16-4-8 16-4-8 16-4-8 16-4-8 16-4-8 16-4-8 16-4-8 16-12-1 16-12-1 16-8-15 16-9-5 16-9-5 16-9-2 16-12-140 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-7-22 16-7-23 16-11-40 16-9-34 16-9-35 16-4-7 16-4-7

BURGLARY BURNING WOODLANDS/BRUSH/FIELDS /LANDS;DAMAGE TO WILDFIRE DETECTION EQP BUS/RAIL VEHICLE HIJACKING/BOARDING W/CONCEALED WEAPON CARRY A CONCEALED WEAPON CARRY DEADLY WEAPONS TO OR AT PUBLIC GATHERINGS CARRYING A CONCEALED WEAPON CARRYING PISTOL WITHOUT LICENSE CARRYING WEAPONS W/IN SCHOOL SAFETY ZONES/FUNCTIONS/PROPERTY CERTAIN ACTS IN PUBLIC TRANSIT BUSES/RAPID RAIL CARS/STATIONS CHILD MOLESTATION COMMERCIAL GAMBLING COMMUNICATING GAMBLING INFORMATION CONCEALING DEATH OF ANOTHER PERSON CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT A CRIME ** DO NOT SHOW TO DJJ AS A CHOICE CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT A CRIME/AGGRAVATED ASSAULT CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT A CRIME/ARMED ROBBERY CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT A CRIME/MURDER CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT A CRIME/ROBBERY CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT A CRIME/THEFT BY TAKING CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT CRIME/CRIMINAL DAMAGE TO PROPERTY-FIRST DEGREE CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT CRIME/SIMPLE BATTERY CONTRIBUTING TO THE DELINQUENCY/UNRULINESS/DEPRIVATION OF A MINOR CONTRIBUTING TO THE DELINQUENCY/UNRULINESS/DEPRIVATION OF A MINOR CONVERSION OF PAYMENTS FOR REAL PROPERTY IMPROVEMENTS COUNTERFEIT OR FALSE PROOF OF INSURANCE DOCUMENT COUNTERFEIT/FALSE PROOF OF INSURANCE DOCUMENT CRIM USE OF ARTICLE WITH ALTERED IDENT MARK/FORGERY-2ND DEGREE CRIMINAL ABORTION CRIMINAL ATTEMPT **** DO NOT SHOW TO DJJ AS A CHOICE CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/AGGRAVATED ASSAULT CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/ARMED ROBBERY CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/ARSON CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/BATTERY CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/BURGLARY CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/CHILD MOLESTATION CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/ESCAPE CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/ESCAPE CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/KIDNAPPING CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/MURDER CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/RAPE CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/ROBBERY CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/SEXUAL BATTERY CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/SODOMY CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/THEFT BY TAKING CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/THEFT BY TAKING CRIMINAL DAMAGE TO PROPERTY-FIRST DEGREE CRIMINAL DAMAGE TO PROPERTY-SECOND DEGREE CRIMINAL DEFAMATION CRIMINAL POSSESSION OF FINANCIAL TRANSACTION CARD CRIMINAL RECEIPT OF GOODS/SERVICES FRAUDENTLY OBTAINED CRIMINAL SOLICITATION CRIMINAL SOLICITATION/MURDER

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

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16-7-21 16-7-29 16-9-70 16-12-4 16-5-70 16-7-25 16-7-27 16-9-20 16-11-107 16-11-105 16-11-104 16-11-103 16-11-39 20-2-1181 16-11-37.1 16-12-80 27-3-15 16-12-37 40-6-391 16-13-75 40-6-273 20-2-1183 16-12-100.1 16-8-18 16-6-5 16-10-52(b) 16-10-52 16-5-41 16-5-42 16-10-26 16-10-20 16-5-80 16-9-121 16-9-32 16-9-33 16-9-31 40-6-395 16-13-43(a)5 16-9-1 16-6-18 16-9-56 16-11-101 16-11-101.1 16-12-21 16-10-25 16-6-17 16-11-39.1 16-5-61 16-5-44.1 16-5-44 16-10-50 16-7-85

CRIMINAL TRESPASS CRIMINAL TRESSPASS BY MOTOR VEHICLE CRIMINAL USE OF ALTERED ID ARTICLE CRUELTY TO ANIMALS CRUELTY TO CHILDREN DAMAG/INJURING/INTERF W/PROP OF PUB UTIL/MUNICIP/POLITIC SUBDIVISIONS DAMAGE/DESTROY/DEFACE MAILBOXES/MAIL DEPOSIT ACCOUNT FRAUD DESTROYING/INJURING POLICE DOG/POLICE HORSE DISCHARGE OF FIREARM ON SUNDAY DISCHARGE OF FIREARMS ON PROPERTY OF ANOTHER DISCHARGE OF GUN/PISTOL NEAR PUBLIC HIGHWAY/STREET DISORDERLY CONDUCT DISRUPTING PUBLIC SCHOOL DISSEMINATION OF INFO RELATING TO TERRORISTIC ACTS DISTRIBUTING OBSCENE MATERIAL DNR VIOLATION DOGFIGHTING DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALC/DRUGS/INTOXICATING SUBSTANCE DRUGS TO BE KEPT IN ORIGINAL CONTAINER DUTY TO REPORT ACCIDENT RESULTING IN INJURY/DEATH/PROPERTY DAMAGE ELECTRONIC PAGERS PROHIBITED ELECTRONICALLY FURNISHING OBSCENE MATERIAL TO MINOR ENTERING MOTOR VEHICLE WITH INTENT TO COMMIT THEFT/FELONY ENTICING A CHILD FOR INDECENT PURPOSES ESCAPE ESCAPE FALSE IMPRISONMENT FALSE IMPRISONMENT UNDER COLOR OF LEGAL PROCESS FALSE REPORT OF A CRIME FALSE STATEMENTS/WRITINGS/CONCEALMENT OF FACTS/FRAUDULENT DOCUMENTS FETICIDE FINANCIAL IDENTITY FRAUD FINANCIAL TRANSACTION CARD FORGERY FINANCIAL TRANSACTION CARD FRAUD FINANCIAL TRANSACTION CARD THEFT FLEEING/ATTEMPTING TO ELUDE POLICE OFFICERS/IMPERSONATING AN OFFICER FORGED OR COUNTERFEIT TRADEMARK FORGERY-FIRST DEGREE FORNICATION FRAUDULENT ATTEMPTS TO OBTAIN REFUNDS FURNISHING METAL KNUCKLES/KNIFE TO PERSON UNDER AGE 18 YEARS FURNISHING PISTOL/REVOLVER TO PERSON UNDER AGE 18 YEARS GAMBLING GIVING FALSE NAME/ADDRESS/BIRTHDATE TO LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER GIVING MASSAGES IN PLACES USED FOR LEWDNESS/PROSTITUTION/ASSIGNATION HARASSING PHONE CALLS HAZING HIJACKING A MOTOR VEHICLE HIJACKING AN AIRCRAFT HINDER APPREHENSION/PUNISHMENT OF CRIMINAL HOAX DEVICES

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

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7

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8

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3

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16-7-85 52-7-12.2 52-7-12.2 16-10-23 16-9-52 16-6-22 16-11-31 16-10-93 16-13-91 16-5-45 16-7-24(b) 16-7-24(a) 16-10-97 16-5-3 16-5-3 16-5-40 16-7-43 16-8-20 16-8-20 16-11-36 50-27-27 50-27-28 16-11-44 16-5-43 16-13-30(b) 16-13-30(b) 16-13-32.5 16-13-32.4 16-13-30.1 16-7-82 16-6-21 16-6-16 16-9-93.1 16-5-1 16-6-7 16-11-43 16-10-24 16-10-24.2 16-10-24.1 16-10-24 16-10-24.3 16-5-5 52-7-12 16-6-14 16-15-4 16-11-61 16-13-3 16-10-70 16-10-55 20-2-751.5 16-5-71.1 16-6-11

HOAX DEVICES HOMICIDE BY VESSEL HOMICIDE BY VESSEL IMPERSONATING A PUBLIC OFFICER/EMPLOYEE IMPROPER SOLICITATION OF MONEY INCEST INCITING A RIOT INFLUENCING WITNESSES INTENTIONAL INHALATION OF MODEL GLUE INTERFERENCE WITH CUSTODY INTERFERENCE WITH GOVERNMENT PROPERTY INTERFERENCE WITH GOVERNMENT PROPERTY INTIMIDATION/INJURY OF GRAND/PETIT JUROR/COURT OFFICER INVOLUNTARY MANSLAUGHTER INVOLUNTARY MANSLAUGHTER KIDNAPPING LITTERING PUBLIC OR PRIVATE PROPERTY OR WATERS LIVESTOCK THEFT LIVESTOCK THEFT LOITERING OR PROWLING LOTTERY TICKET MAKE/ALTER/FORGE/UTTER/PASS/COUNTERFEIT LOTTERY TICKET MAKE/ENTER FALSE STATEMEMENT IN BOOK OR RECORD MAINTAINING A DISORDERLY HOUSE MALICIOUS CONFINEMENT OF SANE PERSON IN AN ASYLUM MANUF/DIS/DISP/ADMIN/SELL/POSS W/INTENT SELL OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE MANUF/DIS/DISP/ADMIN/SELL/POSS W/INTENT SELL OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE MANUF/DISTRIB/DISPENS/POSS OF CONTROLLED SUBST NEAR PARK/HOUSING PRJ MANUF/DISTRIB/DISPENS/POSS OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE IN/AT/NEAR SCHOOLS MANUF/DISTRIB/DISPENS/POSS W/INTENT TO DISTRIB IMITATION CONTR SUBST MANUF/TRANSP/DISTRIB/POSS W/INTENT TO DISTRIB EXPLOSIVE DEVICE MARRYING A BIGAMIST MASTURBATION FOR HIRE MISLEADING TRANSMITTAL/USE OF IND NAME/TRADEMARK OVER COMPUTER/TELEP MURDER NECROPHILIA OBSTRUCT HIGHWAYS/STREETS/SIDEWALKS/OTHER PUBLIC PASSAGES OBSTRUCT/HINDER LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS OBSTRUCTING/HINDERING EMERG MEDICAL TECHNICIANS/PROFESSIONALS OBSTRUCTING/HINDERING FIREFIGHTERS OBSTRUCTING/HINDERING LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS OBSTRUCTING/HINDERING PERSONS MAKING EMERGENCY TELEPHONE CALLS OFFER TO ASSIST IN COMMISSION OF SUICIDE OPERATION OF WATERCRAFT WHILE UNDER INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL/DRUGS PANDERING PARTICIPATION IN CRIMINAL STREET GANG ACTIVITY PROHIBITED PEEPING TOMS PENALTY FOR ABANDONMENT OF DANG DRUGS/POISONS/CONTROLLED SUBST PERJURY PERSUADE/ENTICE/INSTIGATE/AID/ABETE TO COMMIT MUTINY PHYSICAL ASSAULT OF A FACULTY MEMBER PIERCING OF THE BODY PIMPING

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

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16-11-102 16-11-106 16-11-131 16-11-122 16-13-30(j) 16-13-30(j) 16-13-78.2 16-13-78.2 16-12-24 16-7-88 25-10-2 16-13-30.2 16-11-132 16-11-132 16-7-20 16-13-32.2 16-11-34 16-9-21 16-9-4 16-9-4 16-6-9

POINTING/AIMING GUN/PISTOL AT ANOTHER POSS OF FIREARM/KNIFE DURING COMMISSION/ATTEMPT TO COMMIT CRIMES POSS OF FIREARMS BY CONVICTED FELONS/FIRST OFFENDER PROBATIONERS POSS OF SAWED-OFF SHTGUN/RIFLE/MACHINE GUN/SILENCER/DANG PROHIB WEAP POSS/CONTROL/MANUF/DELIV/DIST /DISP/ADMIN/PURCH/SELL POSS W/ INTENT T POSS/CONTROL/MANUF/DELIV/DIST /DISP/ADMIN/PURCH/SELL POSS W/INTENT T POSS/MANUF/DELIVERY/DISTRIB/SALE OF COUNTERFEIT SUBSTANCES POSS/MANUF/DELIVERY/DISTRIB/SALE OF COUNTERFEIT SUBSTANCES POSS/MANUF/TRANSF OF GAMBLING DEVICE/PARTS, POSS ANTIQUE SLOT MACHINE POSS/TRANS EXPLOSIVES/DEVICES W/INTENT TO INTIMIDATE/KILL/DESTROY POSS/USE/EXPLOSION OF FIREWORKS POSSESSION OF IMITATION SUBSTANCE POSSESSION OF PISTOL/REVOLVER BY PERSON UNDER AGE 18 YEARS POSSESSION OF PISTOL/REVOLVER BY PERSON UNDER AGE 18 YEARS POSSESSION OF TOOLS FOR THE COMMISSION OF CRIME POSSESSION/USE OF DRUG RELATED OBJECTS PREVENT/DISRUPT LAWFUL MEETINGS/GATHERINGS/PROCESSIONS PRINT/EXECUTE/NEGOTIATE FICTITIOUS MONETARY INSTRUMENTS PROHIBITION AGAINST KNOWINGLY MANUF/SELL/DISTRIB FALSE IDENT DOCUMENT PROHIBITION AGAINST KNOWINGLY MANUF/SELL/DISTRIB FALSE IDENT DOCUMENT PROSTITUTION

16-11-41 42-5-18 16-6-8 16-13-1(C) 16-13-30(a) 16-13-30(a) 40-6-186 16-6-1 16-5-72 16-5-60(b) 16-5-60 40-6-390(a) 16-10-30 16-12-161 16-8-21 16-10-33 16-11-35 16-8-60 16-10-29 16-11-30 16-10-56 16-8-40 16-8-41 16-8-40.3 25-10-2 16-12-171 16-13-72 10-1-310 16-12-103 52-7-12.4 16-6-22.1

PUBLIC DRUNKENNESS PROVIDE CONTRABAND TO AN INMATE OF A PENAL INSTITUTION PUBLIC INDECENCY PURCHASE/OBTAIN DRUG RELATED OBJECTS BY MINOR PURCHASE/POSSESSION/CONTROL OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE PURCHASE/POSSESSION/CONTROL OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE RACING ON HIGHWAYS OR STREETS RAPE RECKLESS ABANDONMENT RECKLESS CONDUCT CAUSING BODILY HARM/ENDANGERMENT OF ANOTHER RECKLESS CONDUCT CAUSING BODILY HARM/ENDANGERMENT OF ANOTHER RECKLESS DRIVING REFUSAL TO OBEY OFFICIAL REQUEST AT FIRE/OTHER EMERGENCY REMOVAL OF BODY PARTS FROM SCENE OF DEATH/DISMEMBERMENT REMOVAL/ABANDONMENT OF SHOPPING CARTS REMOVAL/ATTEMPTED REMOVAL OF WEAPON FROM PUBLIC OFFICIAL REMOVAL/FAILURE TO LEAVE FROM CAMPUS/FAC OF UNIVERSITY SYSTEM/SCHOOL REPRODUCTION/TRANSFER/SALE OF RECORDED MATERIAL REQUEST FOR AMBULANCE SERVICE WHEN NOT REASONABLY NEEDED RIOT RIOT IN A PENAL INSTITUTION ROBBERY ROBBERY BY INTIMIDATION ROBBERY BY SUDDEN SNATCHING SALE OF FIREWORKS SALE/DISTRIB TO/POSS BY MINOR CIGARETTES/TOBACCO REL OBJECTS SALE/DISTRIBUTION/POSSESSION OF DANGEROUS DRUG SCALPING TICKETS FOR CERTAIN ATHLETIC CONTESTS/ENTERTAINMENT EVENTS SELL/LOAN/DISTRIBUTE/EXHIBIT PRINTED MATERIAL TO MINOR SERIOUS INJURY BY VESSEL SEXUAL BATTERY

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

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16-12-100 16-5-20 16-5-23 16-12-2 16-6-2 16-6-15 16-6-15 16-5-90 16-5-90 16-6-3 16-6-3 16-10-72 16-8-41 16-10-94 16-5-71 16-11-37 16-8-9 16-8-4 16-8-3 16-8-3 16-8-16 16-8-8 16-8-7 16-8-7 16-8-14 16-8-14 16-8-2 16-8-2 16-8-6 16-8-6 16-8-5 16-8-5 16-9-39 16-8-13 16-8-13 40-6-270 40-6-394 16-13-31 16-13-32.1 16-13-32.1 16-10-27 16-10-28 10-2-14 16-9-37(b) 16-9-37(a) 16-11-33 16-7-52 16-7-52 16-11-123 16-13-32.3 40-5-125 16-7-26

SEXUAL EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN SIMPLE ASSAULT SIMPLE BATTERY SMOKING IN PUBLIC PLACES SODOMY SOLICITATION OF SODOMY SOLICITATION OF SODOMY STALKING STALKING STATUTORY RAPE STATUTORY RAPE SUBORNATION OF PERJURY/FALSE SWEARING TAKING CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE FROM PHARMACY TAMPERING WITH EVIDENCE TATTOOING TERRORISTIC THREATS/ACTS THEFT BY BRINGING STOLEN PROPERTY INTO STATE THEFT BY CONVERSION THEFT BY DECEPTION THEFT BY DECEPTION THEFT BY EXTORTION THEFT BY RECEIVING PROPERTY STOLEN IN ANOTHER STATE THEFT BY RECEIVING STOLEN PROPERTY THEFT BY RECEIVING STOLEN PROPERTY THEFT BY SHOPLIFTING THEFT BY SHOPLIFTING THEFT BY TAKING THEFT BY TAKING THEFT OF LOST/MISLAID PROPERTY THEFT OF LOST/MISLAID PROPERTY THEFT OF SERVICES THEFT OF SERVICES THEFT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES THEFT OF TRADE SECRETS THEFT OF TRADE SECRETS TRAFFIC HIT-AND-RUN-DUTY OF DRIVER TO STOP AT/RETURN TO ACCIDENT TRAFFIC-SERIOUS INJURY BY VEHICLE TRAFFICKING IN COCAINE/ILLEGAL DRUGS/MARIJUANA /METHAMPHETAMINE TRANSACTIONS IN DRUG RELATED OBJECTS TRANSACTIONS IN DRUG RELATED OBJECTS TRANSMIT FALSE REPORT OF FIRE TRANSMITTING FALSE PUBLIC ALARM UNAUTHORIZED COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY-GA WORLD CONGRESS CENTER UNAUTHORIZED USE OF FINANCIAL TRANSACTION CARD UNAUTHORIZED USE-FINANCIAL TRANSACTION CARD UNLAWFUL ASSEMBLY UNLAWFUL DUMPING UNLAWFUL DUMPING UNLAWFUL POSSESSION OF FIREARMS/WEAPONS USE OF COMMUNICATION FACILITY TO VIOLATE VGCSA PROVISIONS USE OF FALSE NAME IN APPLICATION VANDALISM TO A PLACE OF WORSHIP

Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003

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40-6-393.1

VEHICULAR FETICIDE-1ST DEGREE

40-6-393(a)

VEHICULAR HOMICIDE-FIRST DEGREE

40-6-393(b)

VEHICULAR HOMICIDE-SECOND DEGREE

16-13

VGCSA

16-5-2

VOLUNTARY MANSLAUGHTER

16-11-38

WEARING MASK/HOOD/DEVICE WHICH CONCEALS IDENTITY OF WEARER

GA Code

Non-Offenses
Description

15-11-5 15-11-5 15-11-2.6 15-11-2-8 15-11-2.12(d) 3-3-22 3-3-23 37-3-1(4.b) 20-2-1180 15-11-2.12(e) 50-27-26 40-6-181 3-3-24 NA 20-2-766.1 15-11-2.12(g) 40-6-95 3-3-21.1 40-6-253 15-11-2.12 15-11-2.11 15-11-2.11 40-5-29 15-11-2.12(a) 15-11-2.12(b) 15-11-2.12 15-11-2.12(f) 15-11-2.12(f) 17-6-94 15-11-2(b) 15-11-2(b) 15-11-2(b) 15-11-2

CONTEMPT POWERS OF JUVENILE COURT CONTEMPT POWERS OF JUVENILE COURT DELINQUENCY DEPRIVED DESERTION OF RESIDENCE FURN ALCOHOLIC BEV TO INTOXICATED PERSON FURNISHING/PURCHASE/POSS OF ALCOHOL BY PERSONS UNDER 21 YEARS OF AGE INVOLUNTARY TREATMENT ACT LOITER UPON SCHOOL PREMISES/WITHIN A SCHOOL SAFETY ZONE LOITERING IN PUBLIC 12 AM-5 AM/CURFEW VIOLATION LOTTERY TICKET SALES TO MINORS MAXIMUM LIMITS-SPEEDING MINOR ENTERING A LIQUOR STORE ORDINANCE VIOLATION OTHER JURISDICTION PARENTS FAILURE TO COOPERATE WITH SCHOOL PATRONIZATION OF BAR W/ALCOHOL W/O PARENT OR GUARDIAN PEDESTRIAN UNDER INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL/DRUG POSSESSION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES ON THE GROUNDS OF A PUBLIC SCHOOL POSSESSION OF OPEN CONTAINER OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE WHILE OPERATING VEH REVOCATION OF PROBATION/SUPERVISION RUNAWAY-IN COUNTY RUNAWAY-OUT OF COUNTY OR STATE TRAFFIC VIOLATION TRUANCY UNGOVERNABLE UNRULY VIOLATION OF AFTERCARE VIOLATION OF ALTERNATE PLAN VIOLATION OF BOND/CONTEMPT OF COURT. VIOLATION OF PROBATION VIOLATION OF PROBATION VIOLATION OF PROBATION VIOLATION OF SUPERVISION

8 8 8 2 8 4
Oftype
6 4 6 6 6 2 2 4 4 6 4 7 4 4 4 6 4 2 7 10 6 6 7 6 6 6 10 10 4 10 10 10 10

F F M M F M
M/F
S M S s S M S M M S M M M M M S M M M S S S M S S S S S M S F M S

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REFERENCES
Florida DJJ, 2000 Outcome Evaluation Report. Florida DJJ, 2004 Outcome Evaluation Report, February 15, 2004. Florida DJJ, National Comparisons from State Recidivism Studies, Management Report No: 99-13, October 1999. Multi-Site Evaluation of Boot Camp Programs, Final Report. NCJRS Document No: 192011, January 17, 2002. Texas Criminal Justice Policy Council, Three-Year Recidivism Rate for Juvenile Offenders Released from the Texas Youth Commission (TYC), 2002.

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