DEPARTMENT OF JUVENILE JUSTICE
Recidivism Update Program Recidivism Rates FY 1998 FY2003
FY 2005
Recidivism Update for FY1998 FY 2003
Overview
This report was prepared by the Research, Planning, and Program Evaluation Unit of the Office of Technology and Information Services. The purpose of this document is to provide DJJ managers with data that will support them during their policy making process. This report will be updated annually.
Project Staff
Eugene M. Pond, Statistical Research Analyst Ann Watkins, Senior Operations Analyst Joshua Cargile, Programmer Llewellyn Jenkins, Lead Consultant Keith Parkhouse, Project Manager II, Planning, Research and Program Evaluation Unit Doug Engle, Chief Information Officer
March, 2005
Planning, Research and Program Evaluation Unit
Department of Juvenile Justice 3408 Covington Highway Decatur, Georgia 30032 http://www.djj.state.ga.us/
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003 Page
DRAFT
Table of Contents
Executive Summary .................................................................................................. 2 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 5 Purpose ................................................................................................................. 5 Methodology .......................................................................................................... 6 Results & Discussion ................................................................................................. 7
One Year Recidivism Trends .................................................................................... 8 Three Year Recidivism Trends ................................................................................... 10 Basic Characteristics Affecting Recidivism .................................................................... 12 Part 2: Other Characteristics Affecting Recidivism ......................................................... 16
State Recidivism Comparisons .................................................................................... 17 Appendix A ............................................................................................................ 18 Appendix B ............................................................................................................ 32 References .............................................................................................................. 40
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
DRAFT
Page
Special Notes
This report incorporates an important departure from how probation recidivism rates were calculated in the FY2004 report.1 The special database used in the FY2004 recidivism report included "historical" offense and sentencing information from Georgia's Independent Courts (county funded). This type of "historical" information is routinely entered into the JTS2000 record system by staff in DJJ and shared court service offices when a youth is admitted to a Regional Youth Detention Center (RYDC).
This meant information for youth placed on probation by an independent court, but never subsequently admitted to an RYDC, was missing in JTS2000. This process biased probation recidivism rates; they only approximated a state-wide measure.
In an attempt to remedy the problem with probation data and provide better estimates in response to State Legislative requests, DJJ's Chief of Staff asked all independent courts to share relevant information on youth placed on probation in their jurisdictions. Three counties (Fulton, Clayton, and Gwinnett) were able to contribute their historical data in time to be included in the FY2005 recidivism report. Probation data for the remaining independent courts were not used in our recidivism calculations for this report.
While several other counties have subsequently responded their data will have to be included in the FY2006 report. However, current probation recidivism rates still remain biased in DJJ's five administrative regions depending upon the number of independent courts in the region.
1 Research Brief: Baseline Recidivism Rates FY1998 FY2002, March 2004.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Information in this report is organized in two parts.
Part 1. In this part we provide updated one, two, and three-year recidivism rates for the three major types of programs operated by DJJ over the past six fiscal years (FY1998 through FY2003). See the sidebar for a program summary.
Two measures were used to assess the post-release criminality of 95,946 youthful offenders who were placed on Probation, released from a Short Term Program (STP) or a Commitment Program during this period. Commitment programs include Non-Secure Residential programs, Home placements, and YDC facilities. Tables for the individual commitment programs are available in Appendix A. Youth were designated as part of a program's "release" cohort if they were placed "at risk" for re-offending in their community during the same fiscal year.
Recidivism Summary FY98-FY03 Programs
DJJ Program
Number Released
Average 1-Year Rate (%)
Average 3-Year Rate (%)
Probation
52,660
13.5
30.8
STP (Total) 27,559
38.1
54.8
Commitments
(Total)
15,727
27.8
49.7
Combined
Programs
95,946
22.9
40.7
(FY98-FY03)
The post-release criminality of a cohort's members was assessed by a "recidivism rate" (the percentage of releases that failed at some point during their three-year follow-up period) and the average number of days elapsing between the youths' release and their first recidivating event during their follow-up ("Time-To-Failure" or TTF).
Part 2. In this part we present new findings from an ongoing study of how demographic and youth characteristics affect recidivism. The new variables we examined consisted of youth responses to selected questions drawn from the CRN,2 and the poverty level in a youth's county of residence. The poverty measure was obtained from the 2000 Census. An average one-year recidivism rate based on combined DJJ programs was used to assess the post-release criminality of youth released during FY02-FY03.
Basic Findings: Part 1
We used an analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine if a change in 1-year recidivism rates was significant or could have occurred by chance. Using this procedure we compared a program's rate in FY03 with its average for FY98-FY02. For 3-year rates, the comparison was between a program's rate in FY01 (most current cohort with three years of follow-up) and the program's average for FY98-FY00 (all previous cohorts with three years of follow-up).
One Year Recidivism Rates. One-year recidivism rates for all major programs changed significantly in FY03.
STP rates decreased 20% (down from 39.2 in FY98FY02 to 31.4 in FY03). Commitment program rates decreased 16% (down from 28.4 in FY98FY02 to 23.9 in FY03). Probation rates increased 88% (up from 12.0 in FY98FY02 to 22.6 in FY03).
The increase in Probation recidivism rates appears to be, at least in part, the result of not using prior Probation dispositions for youth that received such a disposition from an independent court in our rate calculations.
Three Year Recidivism Rates. Three-year recidivism rates for all major programs changed significantly in FY01. Commitment program rates decreased 13% (down from 51.3 in FY98FY00 to 44.5 in FY01. STP rates decreased 9% (down from 55.9 in FY98FY00 to 50.8 in FY01. Probation rates increased 29% (up from 28.9 in FY98FY00 to 37.4 in FY01.
2 Comprehensive Risk/Needs Assessment (CRN).
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Basic Findings: Part 2
Three new variables drawn from items on the CRN and one from county level data (Census 2000) were found to have a significant effect on 1-year recidivism rates. The charts on the right summarize the effects these variables had on 1year recidivism rates. They have been ordered by the variables' impact on recidivism.
Average Recidivism Rate (%)
Youth assessed on the CRN as having both criminal opportunities and criminal peers or associates had almost a 21% higher 1-year recidivism rate than youth assessed as having no criminal opportunities or criminal peers and associates.
Youth under 14 years of age experienced the largest effect (a 28% higher 1-year rate).
Youth assessed as having behavior problems in school had almost a 21% higher 1-year recidivism rate than youth assessed as having no behavior problems in school.
Youth under 14 years of age experienced the largest effect (a 30% higher 1-year rate).
Youth assessed as having substance abuse problems had almost a 12% higher 1-year recidivism rate than youth assessed as having no substance use problems.
Youth under 14 years of age experienced the largest effect (a 23% higher 1-year rate).
Youth residing in counties with over 10% of the population living below the poverty level had a 7% higher 1-year recidivism rate than those living in counties where less than 10% of the population fell below the poverty level.
Again, youth under 14 years of age experienced the largest effect (a 16% higher 1-year rate).
Average Recidivism Rate (%)
Average Recidivism Rate (%)
Average Recidivism Rate (%)
45
40.8
40
35
30
25
19.5
20
15
10
None
Both
Criminal Opportunty and Criminal Associates
45
40 35
30
25
20.4
20 15
10
No Problems
41.2 Behavior Problems
School Behavior Problems
45
40
35
29.6
30
25
20
15
No Use
41.6 Substance Use
Substance Use
30
25
18.5
20
15
10
5
0
Under 10%
25.8 Over 10%
Percent of County Population below Poverty Le ve l
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
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Conclusions & Recommendations
Conduct a study of the type of placements and services different age groups have received and examine the influence other variables, e.g., family characteristics, education levels, mental health needs, and the level of after-care services and contacts, have had on age-specific recidivism rates and Time-ToFailure. This would help in better understanding, evaluating, and developing new service offerings.
Develop a recidivism and TTF based evaluation model better suited to assessing the impact of programmatic changes occurring in small samples. This would extend the benefits and value of recidivism studies.
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INTRODUCTION
Recidivism, or post-release criminality, is measured in terms of the time elapsing between two events. Measurement starts the first day a youth becomes "at risk" for re-offending in the community and ends the day a new qualifying offense occurs.
States that report recidivism figures for juveniles vary widely in their definition of what constitutes "release," "recidivism," as well as the length of the measurement or follow-up periods they employ. Their outcomes, however, are generally expressed as a "recidivism rate;" which is simply another way of saying the percentage of releases that re-offended or failed at some point during a state's designated follow-up period.
Recent state recidivism reports often include cautionary notes about comparing recidivism rates. There is good reason for this practice. While recidivism rates for different programs and release methods can be compared, differences cannot be automatically attributed to the program/release method. A recidivism rate reflects the aggregate outcome of a quite complex process. Since recidivism rates are closely related to the length of the follow-up period, longer periods at risk (1-year vs. 2-years or 3-years) typically show higher levels of failure. Before we can safely compare recidivism rates, we need to ensure that the measurement processes are comparable in terms of:
The definition of a failure or recidivating event, The amount of time allowed for tracking offenders to determine post-release criminality, The basic characteristics of the offenders released during a specified period of time and, How basic offender characteristics and other factors affected the aggregate rate.
In DJJ's 2004 recidivism report a number of youth characteristics, demographic, and criminal history related factors were identified as influencing our young offender's recidivism rates. A number such factors were again selected for further examination in this study:
Gender Race Age at release from a program 1st Time or Repeat Offender Status Most Serious current offense Length of Stay (LOS) in a program, Number of prior contacts with the court DJJ Region (youth's residence) Poverty Levels in the county of residence Youth Substance Use School Behavior Problems, and Criminal Opportunities and Criminal Peers/Associates
Age at Release
1st Time or Repeat Offender
Gender
Aggregate Recidivism Rate
Race Ethnicity
Offe nse History (M SO)
Other Factors and Combinations
PURPOSE
In this report we had two basic objectives:
1. To update the 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year recidivism rates and Time-To-Failure (TTF) measures for DJJ's three major types of programs: Probation, Short Term (STP), and Commitments (including Non-Secure Residential Commitments, Home Commitments, and YDC commitments).
2. Determine if any of the new variables introduced in this study (youth responses to various CRN items and county level demographics) have significant effects on recidivism rates.
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METHODOLOGY
DJJ's definition of a recidivist specifies three key features about how we measure recidivism:
Requires an adjudication on a new delinquent charge or a conviction as an adult,
Requires a "standard" three-year follow-up period to determine post-release criminality for released youth and,
Implies dual searches of records from DJJ's Juvenile Tracking System (JTS2000) and Georgia's Department of Corrections to determine releases with a new adjudication on a delinquent charge or an Adult Probation or Adult Prison sentence (see Appendix B for a list of qualifying offenses).
The Georgia Department of Juvenile Justice defines a recidivist as a youthful offender who has been adjudicated on a new delinquent charge or convicted as an adult within three years after release from, or while under an active juvenile court order of Probation, Commitment, or a Short Term Program (STP).
Release Cohorts
All youth released from a given type of program during the same fiscal year were designated a release cohort, e.g., the FY98 Probation cohort, the FY03 STP cohort, etc.
Each youth in the FY98 - FY01 cohorts was followed-up for 3years after their release date (their first day at "risk" in their community + 1,095 days). For example, all youth released from the five types of programs during the period from July 1, 1997 to June 30, 1998 (the FY98 cohorts) were tracked until June 30, 2001.
Youth released from the five programs during the period from July 1, 1998 to June 30, 1999 (the FY99 cohorts) were tracked until June 30, 2002.
Youth released from the programs during the period from July 1, 1999 to June 30, 2000 (the FY00 cohorts) were tracked until June 30, 2003. Currently only those youth released during FY98 - FY01 could be tracked for a full three years. Youth released from programs during FY02 were tracked for 2-years; those released during FY03 were tracked for 1-year.
Variables & Data Analysis
Thirty data sets, six each for the five program cohorts contained 318 variables extracted or subsequently computed from data in DJJ's JTS2000 record system. The variables represented various youth and offense characteristics, the event dates necessary to calculate the TTF and recidivism measures, selected items from Part 1 of the Comprehensive Risk & Needs Assessment (CRN), as well as various county population level descriptors from the 2000 Census. All data sets were then merged and frequency counts run on the variables to determine the extent of any missing data elements in the records.
SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, V.13) routines were used to conduct cross-tabulations, logistic and Cox regression analyses, and ANOVA (analysis of variance) tests between the TTF measures and recidivism rates. The significance level set for rejecting a hypothesis of no difference between event measures (the "null" hypothesis) was set at the 5%-level (P = .05, two-tailed test).
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RESULTS & DISCUSSION
PART 1
Overview of the Recidivism Process
We can see in the sidebar and Figure 1 that there were large differences in the 1-year and 3-year recidivism rates for the three programs. Releases from STP programs had the highest average 3-year recidivism rate (55%); followed by releases from the Commitment programs (50%), and finally by Probation placements (31%).
DJJ Program
STP Total Commitments Probation
1yr Recidivism
Rate 38 28 14
3yr Recidivism
Rate 55 50 31
% Youth Returning
in 1yr 71 56 39
The most striking feature about Figure 1 is the large difference in the percentage of youth that re-offend at some time during their first 12-months after release. For example, with the STP cohorts, over 70% of the total youth that we know failed in three years, did so within the first twelve months. In contrast, while the Probation cohorts had the lowest 3-year recidivism rate, 39% of the cohort's total recidivists re-offended within their first year after release.
A large percentage of youth fail within a year after being placed "at risk." Recidivism studies typically report this pattern of early returns. The high proportion of "early returns" for program releases indicates we should be focusing more attention on identifying the periods of greatest risk in particular communities for different types of offenders. The process should start from the first day youth are released. Survival analysis procedures and Time-To-Failure (TTF) measures can be used to identify periods of higher risk in specific regions and communities for different age groups, as well as assessing the effectiveness of programmatic changes made to address the "early return" problem.
Figure 1. Cumulative Monthly Recidivism Rates for the Three Major Programs (FY98-FY01 Cohorts).
60 1-Year
50
40
Cumulative Recidivism (%)
30
20
Probation
10
STP
Commitments
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Months from Release
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In what follows, we will briefly discuss the recidivism and TTF trends for 1-year and 3-year follow-up periods for the three major programs. More detailed breakdowns for recidivism rates and Time-To-Failure measures for five programs are presented in Tables 1 12 (Appendix A).
One Year Recidivism Trends
% Recidivism
50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10
5 0 FY98
FY99
FY00
Probation
STP
FY01 Commitment
FY02
FY03
Program
Probation STP Commitment
1-Year Recidivism Rate Comparisons
Norm Period Rate Comparison Year Rate
FY98-FY02
FY03
12.0
22.6
39.2
31.4
28.4
23.9
Percent Change
88.3 -19.9 -15.8
Significant Change
YES (p=.000) YES (p=.000) YES (p=.000)
One Year Recidivism Rates. One-year recidivism rates for all major programs changed significantly in FY03.
STP rates decreased 20% (down from 39.2 in FY98FY02 to 31.4 in FY03).
Commitment program rates decreased 16% (down from 28.4 in FY98FY02 to 23.9 in FY03).
Probation rates increased 88% (up from 12.0 in FY98FY02 to 22.6 in FY03).
The increase in Probation recidivism rates is, in large part, the result of not using prior Probation dispositions in calculating rates for youth receiving this type of disposition from an independent court. Disregarding prior Probation dispositions does not affect STP or any of the Commitment program rates.
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One Year Time-To-Failure Trends
250
200
TTF (Days)
150
100
50
0 FY98
FY99
FY00
Probation
STP
FY01 Com m itm ent
FY02
FY03
Program
Probation STP Commitment
1-Year Average Time-To-Failure (Days) Comparisons
Norm Period Rate Comparison Year Rate Percent
FY98 - FY02
FY03
Change
187
141
-24.6
132
128
-3.0
166
151
-9.0
Significant Change
YES (p=.000) NO (p=.220) NO (p=.077)
One Year Time-To-Failure. Only one TTF measure changed significantly in FY03.
The TTF for the Probation cohort decreased 25% (down from 187 days in FY98FY02 to 141 days in FY03). In FY03 youth re-offended, on the average, about a month and a half sooner (46 days) than they did in the previous five years.
While the STP and Commitment cohorts also showed shorter TTF these relatively small decreases were not significant.
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Three Year Recidivism Trends
% Recidivism
70 60 50 40 30 20 10
0 FY98
Program Probation STP Commitment
FY99
FY00
Probation
STP
Commitment
FY01
3-Year Recidivism Rate Comparisons
Norm Period Rate Comparison Year Rate
FY98 - FY00
FY01
28.9
37.4
55.9
50.8
51.3
44.5
Percent Change
29.4 -9.1 -13.3
Significant Change
YES (p=.000) YES (p=.000) YES (p=.000)
Three Year Recidivism Rates. Three-year recidivism rates for all major programs changed significantly inFY01. Commitment program rates decreased 13% (down from 51.3 in FY98FY00 to 44.5 in FY01. STP rates decreased 9% (down from 55.9 in FY98FY00 to 50.8 in FY01. Probation rates increased 29% (up from 28.9 in FY98FY00 to 37.4 in FY01.
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Three Year Time-To-Failure Trends
920
910
900
890
TTF (Days)
880
870
860
850
840 FY98
FY99
FY00
Probation
STP
Commitment
FY01
Program
Probation STP Commitment
3-Year Average Time-To-Failure (Days) Comparisons
Norm Period Rate Comparison Year Rate Percent
FY98 - FY00
FY01
Change
895
865
-3.4
900
884
-1.8
899
881
-2.0
Significant Change
YES (p=.000) YES (p=.042) NO (p=.052)
Three Year Time-To-Failure. Two program TTF measures changed significantly in FY01.
The TTF for the Probation cohort decreased 25% (down from 187 days in FY98FY02 to 141 days in FY03). In FY03 youth re-offended, on the average, about a month and a half sooner (46 days) than they did in the previous five years.
While the STP and Commitment cohorts also showed shorter TTF these relatively small decreases were not significant.
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Basic Characteristics Affecting Recidivism
A regression analysis indicated that seven of the eight factors identified in the 2004 recidivism report continued to have an impact on recidivism rates and "Time-To-Failure." The eighth factor, "DJJ Region" was replaced by a new factor, the percentage of a county's population living below the poverty line. Age-at-Release, Gender, 1st-Time Offender status, and Length of Stay (LOS) in a program remained the most influential factors across programs. The following comments are based on the program outcomes in the sidebar.
Age-at-Release. Youth younger than 14 have consistently had the highest 1-year and 3-year recidivism rates across programs. Similarly, those over 16 years of age have had the lowest rates. The difference between the two age groups after one year of follow-up is 20%. After three years the difference between them increases to 30%.
Gender. Males consistently recidivate at significantly higher rates than females. After one year of follow-up, males have an 8% higher recidivism rate. After three years, the gender difference has increased to 20%. However, after three years of follow-up there is very little difference in the average amount of time they take to re-offend.
Criminal History. First-Time offenders have consistently recidivated at significantly lower rates than youth admitted with at least one prior offense. The difference between 1st-Time and Repeat offenders' recidivism rates is 18% after one year of follow-up. After three years, the difference increases to 23% across programs.
Length of Stay (LOS). For Probation, Non-Secure Residential, and Home commitment cohorts, LOS actually represents the length of time youth were supervised and treated in the community after placement. We can see in the sidebar that the supervision and treatment strategies associated with Probation, Non-Secure Residential commitments, and Home commitments have quite different TTF's. Moreover, these effects are maintained across all age-at-release groups.
There are several ways to assess the effectiveness of community based supervision and treatment on re-offending. Ranking these programs on the basis of their associated TTF provides one index of their relative effectiveness. For example, if youth in
Average Rates & Time-To-Failure (Days) for Two Follow-Up Periods
DJJ Program & Youth Characteristics
Number Released
1-Year Rate (%)
1-Year Av. TTF (Days)
3-Year Rate (%)
3-Year Av. TTF (Days)
Probation Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs.
52,660 13.5 176
30.8
890
6,320
19.5
182
46.7
897
29,443 16.3
173
34.6
884
16,897 6.5
180
19.3 898
1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders Males Females
STP (Total) Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs. 1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders Males Females
38,406 11.7
175
27.7
885
14,254 18.5
178
39.1
893
38,150 14.9
179
35.2
891
14,510 9.9
165
19.2 888
27,559 38.1 132
54.8
896
2,990
55.5
131
74.9
903
20,160 39.9
129
55.1
897
4,409
17.9
159
39.9
892
10,941 23.7
145
38.5
897
16,618 47.6
127
66.2
896
21,611 40.0
134
58.6
898
5,948
31.0
121
40.3
878
YDC Commitments Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs. 1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders Males Females
7,009 26.8 164
50.8
890
293
41.6
174
70.2
947
3,786
30.8
152
52.8
885
2,930
20.2
186
46.4
887
994
11.4
173
29.7
896
6,015
29.4
163
54.4
889
6,419
27.5
166
53.0
888
591
19.6
134
29.3
929
Non-Secure Residential 5,006 27.0 148
47.5
901
Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs. 1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders
490
35.3
156
67.8
892
3,322
30.6
143
49.9
900
1,194
13.7
169
34.9
906
758
21.8
147
38.4
880
4,248
27.9
149
49.4
904
Males Females
Home Commitments Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs.
3,795
29.6
152
54.2
901
1,211
18.9
126
27.3
887
3,712 29.7 110
49.4
903
321
39.6
106
71.4
901
2,146
35.1
100
54.2
899
1,245
17.9
147
37.0
909
1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders
578
19.7
126
36.5
897
3,134
31.6
108
51.6
904
Males Females
2,869
32.2
112
54.8
902
843
21.4
103
31.4
910
Combined Commitment
Programs (FY98-FY03) 15,727 27.8
145
49.7
895
Under 14 yrs.
1,104
38.2
146
69.4
913
14 to 16
9,254
31.7
135
51.9
892
Over 16 yrs.
5,369
18.2
174
41.9
895
1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders
2,330
16.8
145
33.6
891
13,397 29.4
149
52.3
896
Males
13,082 29.1
149
53.5
894
Females
2,645
19.8
120
29.0
912
Combined Programs
(FY98-FY03)
95,946 22.9 149
40.7
893
Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs. 1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders Males Females
10,414 31.8
152
57.3
900
58,857 26.8
144
44.4
889
26,675 10.7
172
27.0
896
51,677 14.5
163
30.3
894
44,269 32.7
141
53.2
892
72,843 24.9
151
45.4
893
23,103 16.5
137
25.7
888
*Non-Secure Residential Commitments
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program-A are found to have a significantly longer TTF than those in program-B, then program-A can be said to be more effective, all other things being equal, since it lengthened the time youth took to re-offend.
The ranking for TTF's from DJJ's Probation, Non-Secure Residential commitment, and Home commitment programs is as follows:
Program Ranking based upon TTF for 1-year of Follow-up
(1) Probation
TTF: 176 days to re-offend on the average
(2) Non-Secure Residential Commitments TTF: 148 days to re-offend on the average
(3) Home Commitments
TTF: 110 days to re-offend on the average
All programs are significantly different from each other (p< .05)
Length of Supervision Effects on Recidivism.
1-year Recidivism Rates after Different Supervison Periods
Another way to assess the effectiveness of community based supervision and treatment on re-
Av.1DJJ Program & Youth Number Year
1-yr Rates by Length of Supervision
offending is to examine the follow-up recidivism rates for youth who successfully completed dif-
Characteristics
Released Rate (%)
6 Mo. or 6 Mo. to 1-yr + Less 1-yr
ferent lengths of supervision.
Probation Under 14 yrs.
52,660 13.5 20.6
18.4
7.0
6,320 19.5
29.2
23.6
7.8
The effects three different lengths of supervision had on subsequent 1-year recidivism rates are presented in the sidebar (see also Exhibit A). If we use a ratio of recidivism rates (ratio of per-
14 to 16
29,443 16.3
24.3
22.1
8.0
Over 16 yrs.
16,897 6.5
6.8
8.1
5.5
1st Time Offenders 38,406 11.7
17.8
15.6
6.2
Repeat Offenders
14,254 18.5
27.9
26.6
9.2
Males
38,150 14.9
23.0
20.5
7.6
centages), we can see from the total or "Three Females
14,510 9.9
14.7
13.0
5.5
Programs Combined" section that:
Non-Secure* Under 14 yrs.
5,006 490
27.0 35.3
28.5 33.9
27.9 38.0
20.5 36.9
Overall: Youth supervised for 6-months or less are three times as likely to recidivate in the subsequent 12-months as
14 to 16 Over 16 yrs. 1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders
3,322 1,194 758 4,248
30.6 13.7 21.8 27.9
30.9 14.3 22.2 29.5
32.2 15.0 22.9 28.8
26.0 11.6 19.9 20.7
youth supervised for 1-year or more Males
3,795 29.6
31.1
30.6 22.8
(24.1% / 8.0% = 3.01).
Females
1,211 18.9
21.6
13.7 14.6
Home Commitments 3,711 29.7 34.2
31.5 20.1
Similar supervision effects can be seen for each type of program placement, as well as for males and females, 1st-Time and Repeat offenders, and for youth under 16; although these effects are largest for youth placed on Probation:
Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs. 1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders Males
321 2,146 1,245 578 3,134 2,869
39.6 35.1 17.9 19.7 31.6 32.2
40.2 36.2 19.6 22.3 36.3 36.4
49.0 38.0 20.2 21.8 32.9 34.6
21.2 27.5 16.0 14.5 21.3 22.7
Females
843
21.4 27.1
20.1 10.6
Probation: Youth supervised for 6months or less are about three times as likely to recidivate in the subsequent 12months as youth supervised for 1-year or more (20.6% / 7.0% = 2.94).
Non-Secure Residential Commitments:
Three Programs
Combined (FY98- 61,377 15.6
24.1
19.5
8.0
FY03)
Under 14 yrs.
7,131 21.5
31.3
24.6
8.9
14 to 16 Over 16 yrs.
34,911 18.8
27.7
23.4
9.0
19,336 7.7
9.1
9.2
6.3
1st Time Offenders 39,742 12.0
18.2
15.8
6.4
Youth supervised for 6-months or less are about 1.4 times as likely to recidivate in the subsequent 12-months as youth supervised for 1-year or more (28.5% /
Repeat Offenders
21,636 22.2
Males
44,814 17.3
Females
16,564 11.1
*Non-Secure Residential Commitments
30.5 26.6 17.5
27.6 21.8 13.2
11.3 8.7 5.9
20.5% = 1.39).
Home Commitments: Youth supervised for 6-months or less are about two times as likely to recidivate in the
subsequent 12-months as youth supervised for 1-year or more (34.2% / 20.1% = 1.70).
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 13
Exhibit A Supervision Time & Recidivism Rates
25
24.1
23
21
19.5
19
% Recidivism
17
15
13
11
9
8.0
7
5
6 Mo. or Less
6 Mo. to 1-yr
Supervision Time
1-yr +
With two other types of DJJ programs, STP and YDC commitments, LOS (Length of Stay) measures the time youth spent in a DJJ facility prior to their release. It can be used in conjunction with recidivism rates to assess a program's relative effectiveness after youth are released (all other things being equal, e.g., program treatment time, and the level of after-care services and contacts).
Length of Stay Effects on STP Recidivism Rates. We can see in the sidebar and Exhibit B that the length of time youth spend in an STP program has a significant impact on their 1-year recidivism rates.
With the STP cohorts, an LOS over 60-days is associated with significantly higher recidivism rates. In general we can see that:
1-year STP Recidivism Rates for Different LOS Periods
DJJ Short-Term (STP)
Number Released
Av.1Year Rate (%)
1-yr Rates by Length of Program Stay
Under 60 to 90 90+ 60 Days Days Days
Under 14 yrs.
2,990 55.5 48.0
54.8 59.7
14 to 16
20,160 39.9 35.8
37.8 43.7
Over 16 yrs.
4,409 17.9 15.5
17.3 19.4
1st Time
10,941 23.7 21.0
20.9 27.8
Repeat Offenders 16,618 47.6 44.0
47.6 49.1
Males
21,611 40.0 36.4
38.4 42.9
Females Total
5,948 27,559
31.0 38.1
27.8 34.3
28.4 36.2
35.3 41.4
Youth serving over 90-days in an STP program are about 1.2 times as likely to recidivate in the subsequent 12-months as youth supervised for 60-days or less (20.6% / 7.0% = 2.94).
Longer LOS periods are associated with higher recidivism rates for males and females, 1st-Time and Repeat offenders, and for all age-at-release groups.
% Recidivism
Exhibit B Length of Stay in an STP Program & Recidivism Rates
42
41.4
41
40
39
38
37
36.2
36
35
34.3
34
33
32
Under 60 Days
60 to 90 Days
90+ Days
Length of Stay in an STP Program
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 14
Length of Stay Effects on YDC Recidivism Rates. We can see in the sidebar and Exhibit C that the length of time youth spend in an YDC program has a significant impact on their 1-year recidivism rates.
In general, for youth in the YDC cohorts, an LOS of 1-year or less is associated with significantly higher recidivism rates. More specifically, we can see that:
Youth serving 1-year or less in a YDC program are about 1.1 times as likely to recidivate in the subsequent 12-months as youth supervised for 1-year or more (27.7% / 24.2% = 1.14).
An LOS of 1-year or less is associated with higher recidivism rates for males and females, 1st-Time and Repeat offenders, and for youth over 16 years of age at release. However, for youth less than 16 years of age at release, this shorter LOS period is associated with significantly lower recidivism rates.
% Recidivism
1-year YDC Recidivism Rates for Different LOS Periods
DJJ YDC Commitments
Number Released
Av.1Year Rate (%)
1-yr Rates by Length of Program Stay
1-yr. or Less Over 1-yr.
Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs.
293 3,786 2,930
41.6 30.8 20.2
41.0 29.9 21.7
53.3 36.2 17.9
1st Time Repeat Offenders Males Females
Total
994 6,015 6,419 591 7,009
11.4 29.4 27.5 19.6 26.8
12.7 30.0 28.3 20.9 27.7
8.0 27.5 25.0 15.0 24.2
Exhibit C: Length of Stay in a YDC Program & Recidivism Rates
29
28
27.7
27
26
25
24.2
24
23 1-yr. or Less
Over 1-yr.
Length of Stay in a YDC Program
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 15
PART 2: Other Characteristics Affecting Recidivism
A regression analysis indicated that the four factors shown the sidebar had a significant impact on recidivism rates.
However, it is important to note that the analysis of the CRN items was based solely on the FY02-FY03 cohorts; since consistent use of this new instrument occurred during this period. This reduced the initial sample size for analysis and restricted comparison to a 1-year average rate over two years. More importantly, youth who were not given the CRN and/or chose not to respond to particular questions reduced the sample further. Basically, this means that at present the recidivism rates for these new factors should not be compared to other program rates.
While only a small number of CRN items were included in our analysis, it is clear the CRN provides a source of some quite useful information for future recidivism studies.
At present, it appears that the effects of substance use, poverty, school behavior problems, and having criminal opportunities and criminal peers/associates in a youth's environment all have the greatest impact on youth under the age of 14.
Youth Characteristics
Recidivism by Youth with Criminal Opportunities/Criminal Associates*
Released None
Both** Total
Under 14 yrs.
3,317
26.4
14 to 16
18,459
22.8
Over 16 yrs.
7,323
9.4
1st Time Offenders 15,154
12.9
Repeat Offenders
13,945
27.7
Males
21,833
21.3
Females
7,266
14.6
Totals 29,099
19.5
*Combined CRN items.
** Criminal Opportunity and Criminal Peers/Associates
54.8 44.2 16.6 33.6 45.8 43.4 31.4 40.8
33.0 27.8 10.4 16.3 32.4 26.1 17.6 24.0
Youth Characteristics
Recidivism for Youth with Behavior Problems at School*
Released
No Problems
Behavior Problems
Total
Under 14 yrs.
2,040
21.3
14 to 16
9,367
24.6
Over 16 yrs.
2,321
8.8
1st Time Offenders 7,266
15.4
Repeat Offenders
6,462
32.9
Males
10,227
22.2
Females
3,501
16.6
Totals 13,728
20.4
50.8
43.7
43.6
38.1
16.7
13.1
32.8
25.5
47.9
45.1
43.3
37.4
33.6
26.7
41.2
34.7
* CRN item
Youth Characteristics
Recidivism for Youth with Substance Use Problems*
Released No Use
Use
Total
Under 14 yrs.
2,019
37.2
14 to 16
9,268
32.0
Over 16 yrs.
2,325
11.6
1st Time Offenders 7,298
21.9
Repeat Offenders
6,314
42.2
Males
10,075
32.5
Females
3,537
22.3
Totals 13,612
29.6
* CRN item
60.1
42.4
46.1
37.6
15.1
13.0
33.9
25.2
46.7
44.4
43.7
36.9
34.5
26.3
41.6
34.1
Youth Characteristics
Recidivism by % County Population below Poverty Level*
Released Under 10% Over 10% Total
Under 14 yrs. 14 to 16 Over 16 yrs. 1st Time Offenders Repeat Offenders Males Females
Totals
Census 2000 data
3,317 18,459 7,323 15,154 13,945 21,833 7,266 29,099
20.0 22.3 9.8 12.3 26.4 20.0 14.3 18.5
36.2 29.5 10.6 17.8 34.2 28.1 18.8 25.8
33.0 27.8 10.4 16.3 32.4 26.1 17.6 24.0
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 16
State Recidivism Comparisons
Relatively few states report measuring juvenile recidivism. A recent survey (1999) of juvenile justice agencies conducted by the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice, found only twenty-six states using some method to assess juvenile recidivism. As noted previously, states that report recidivism rates vary widely in their definition of "release," "recidivism," and the length of follow-up periods used to calculate their rates. The variations are shown below.
Recidivating Act
Group Studied
Referral or Arrest
Juvenile Adjudication or Juvenile Commitment or Adult
Adult conviction
Sentence
First-time offenders
Alaska (3), Florida, Maryland1, Virginia
Florida, Georgia
Florida (2), South Carolina (5)
Youth discharged From juvenile justice programs
California, Delaware (3), Florida, Maryland,
Mass (3), NY, Texas, Ohio (4), Oregon1, South,
Dakota (3)
Delaware (3), Colorado, Florida, Idaho(3), Maine (3),
Maryland, Mass (3), New York, Washington
Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Louisiana, Maryland, Mass (3,5), Nebraska, North Carolina, North Dakota, South Carolina (5), Tenn. (3),
Texas
1 juvenile re-referral only; 2 juvenile program or transfer to adult court; 3 in process, no rates available; 4 combined measure of rearrest, readjudication, commitment, conviction, or crime-related death; 5 adult probation or incarceration only
Probation
Commitment
State Recidivism Rates by Type
Program Type, State, Year
Florida, FY01
Follow-Up
1-yr.
3yrs.
28%
Florida, FY02
29%
Texas, FY96
16% 37%
Georgia, FY98
7% 28%
Georgia, FY99
10% 28%
Georgia, FY00
12% 30%
Georgia, FY01
21% 37%
Georgia, FY02
11%
Georgia, FY03
23%
Florida, FY98
33%
Oregon, FY00
30%
Maine, FY98
28%
Texas, FY99
37%
Texas, 03
32%
Georgia, FY98
32% 55%
Georgia, FY99
29% 49%
Georgia, FY00
22% 50%
Georgia, FY01
27% 45%
Georgia, FY02
31%
Georgia, FY03
24%
Indiana, 96-99
35%
New Jersey, 01
25%
Colorado, 02
22%
Georgia, FY98
33% 52%
Georgia, FY99
44% 60%
Georgia, FY00
43% 57%
Georgia, FY01
36% 51%
Georgia, FY02
40%
Georgia, FY03
31%
The recidivism rates reported by other states for different programs shown in the sidebar, use a definition of recidivism that is comparable to the one used by Georgia's Department of Juvenile Justice.
The length of the follow-up period was typically one-year. Rates based upon a one-year follow-up period provide quick turn-around for yearly reporting, as well as focusing attention on the important early phase of the recidivism process.
The majority of youth that will recidivate during a three year follow-up period usually do so within their first year after release (early returns). Longer follow-up periods are better for capturing "treatment" effects that may not have fully manifested themselves within a year.
Probation. Georgia's 1-year recidivism rates for the FY98-FY03 Probation cohorts are lower than the rates reported by Florida. Georgia's 3-yrear rates are typically lower than the rate reported by Texas in FY96.
Based upon the limited data we have at present, Georgia's 1-year, and 3-year recidivism rates for youth placed on probation during the FY98-FY03 period are generally lower than the rates reported by Florida and Texas.
Commitment Programs. Georgia's 1-year recidivism rates for youth released from the FY98 through FY03 Commitment cohorts are quite comparable to the rates reported by four other states during a similar time frame: Florida, Oregon, Maine, and Texas. Based upon the somewhat larger number of state reports we have at present, it seems that Georgia's 1-year recidivism rates for releases from Commitment programs is fairly "typical."
Short-Term Programs. Releases from DJJ's STP programs show higher 1year recidivism rates than releases from the three comparison programs. Based upon the comparative data we have, Georgia's 1-year recidivism rates for STP releases during the FY98-FY03 period have generally been higher.
Short-Term Programs
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 17
APPENDICES
Appendix A: Recidivism Rates and Time-To-Failure
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 18
Table 1
Program Recidivism Rates for FY98 - FY03 Cohorts
Type of Program
Follow-Up Period
Number of Failures and Cumulaltive % Recidivism by Cohort
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
FY02
FY03
Totals (FY98-03)
Releases
9,571
9,773
9,299
8,378
8,105
7,534
52,660
%1yr.
6.8
9.5
12.2
21.4
11.2
22.6
13.5
Failed 647
930
1,137
1,791
911
1,705
7,121
Probation* %2yrs.
(A)
18.9
21.6
23.8
32.7
17.9
Inc
Failed 1,158
1,176
1,080
945
541
Inc
22.9
4,900
%3yrs.
28.3
28.4
30.0
37.4
Inc
Inc
30.8
Failed 904
672
568
401
Inc
Inc
2,545
Releases
5,333
4,944
4,738
4,409
4,239
3,896
27,559
%1yr.
33.2
44.3
43.3
35.5
39.9
31.4
38.1
STP
(B)
%2yrs.
Failed Failed
1,772
45.4
648
2,190
54.9
525
2,050
51.9
411
1,565
45.7
449
1,693
49.4
400
1,224 Inc Inc
10,494
49.5
2,433
%3yrs.
51.8
59.5
56.9
50.8
Inc
Inc
54.8
Failed 344
226
234
227
Inc
Inc
1,031
Releases
1,236
1,350
1,352
1,201
1,011
859
7,009
%1yr.
30.9
27.1
23.4
22.5
30.7
27.7
26.8
YDC Commitments %2yrs.
(C)
Failed 382
365
316
270
310
238
47.2
43.6
43.0
35.7
42.4
Inc
Failed 202
223
266
159
119
Inc
1,881
42.5
969
%3yrs.
56.6
50.8
53.1
42.5
Inc
Inc
50.8
Failed 115
97
136
81
Inc
Inc
429
Releases
766
707
739
808
712
1,274
5,006
%1yr. Non-Secure
Residential Commitments
%2yrs.
(D) %3yrs.
Failed Failed
30.9
237
43.9
99
51.6
29.8
211
39.9
71
46.1
22.5
166
39.0
122
48.0
28.1
227
38.9
87
44.3
28.5
203
39.6
79 Inc
24.2
308 Inc Inc Inc
27.0
1,352
40.2
458
47.5
Failed
59
44
67
44
Inc
Inc
214
Releases
513
390
669
671
730
739
3,712
%1yr.
37.0
33.9
24.2
33.7
34.9
18.8
29.7
Home Commitments %2yrs.
(E)
Failed 190
132
162
226
255
139
47.8
43.2
39.5
42.8
43.2
Inc
Failed
55
36
102
61
60
Inc
1,104
43.0
314
%3yrs.
55.2
47.3
47.2
48.3
Inc
Inc
49.4
Failed
38
16
52
37
Inc
Inc
143
Releases
2,515
2,447
2,760
2,680
2,453
2,872
15,727
Combined Commitment
Programs
(C-E)
%1yr. %2yrs. %3yrs.
Failed Failed
32.2
809
46.6
356
55.0
29.5
708
42.7
330
49.0
23.5
643
41.2
491
50.4
27.2
723
38.7
307
44.6
31.5
768
41.9
258 Inc
24.2
685 Inc Inc Inc
27.8
4,336
42.1
1,742
49.7
Failed 212
157
255
162
Inc
Inc
786
Releases
17,419 17,164 16,797 15,467 14,797 14,302 95,946
%1yr.
18.5
22.3
22.8
26.4
22.8
25.3
22.9
All Programs Combined %2yrs.
(A-E)
Failed Failed
3,228
30.9
2,162
3,828
34.1
2,031
3,830
34.6
1,982
4,079
37.4
1,701
3,372
30.9
1,199
3,614 Inc Inc
21,951
33.6
9,075
%3yrs.
39.3
40.3
40.9
42.5
Inc
Inc
40.7
Failed 1,460
1,055
1,057
790
Inc
Inc
4,362
Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 19
Type of Program
Table 2
Mean Time (Days) to Failure (MTTF) for FY98 - FY03 Cohorts
Failure Period
FY98
Mean Time to Failure by Cohort FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02
FY03
Before 1yr. (365 days)
176
185
197
177
203
141
Failed 647
930
1,137
1,791
911
1,705
Probation* Before 2yrs. (730 days)
570
550
538
519
477
Inc
(A)
Failed 1,158
1,176
1,080
945
541
Inc
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 890
898
899
865
Inc
Inc
Failed 904
672
568
401
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
141
131
130
135
124
128
Failed 1,772
2,190
2,050
1,565
1,693
1,224
STP
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
523
519
521
518
517
Inc
(B)
Failed 648
525
411
449
400
Inc
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 893
909
902
884
Inc
Inc
Failed 344
226
234
227
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
154
169
187
177
147
151
Failed 382
365
316
270
310
238
YDC
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
542
513
528
531
513
Inc
Commitments
Failed 202
223
266
159
119
Inc
(C)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 877
877
916
879
Inc
Inc
Failed 115
97
136
81
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
135
134
190
138
142
154
Non-Secure
Failed 237
211
166
227
203
308
Residential Before 2yrs. (730 days)
525
513
503
520
536
Inc
Commitments
Failed
99
71
122
87
79
Inc
(D)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 885
936
919
858
Inc
Inc
Failed
59
44
67
44
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
87
97
152
105
90
151
Failed 190
132
162
226
255
139
Home
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
534
520
540
517
510
Inc
Commitments
(E)
Failed
55
36
102
61
60
Inc
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 897
893
905
910
Inc
Inc
Failed
38
16
52
37
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
133
145
178
142
127
152
Combined
Failed 809
708
643
723
768
685
Commitment Before 2yrs. (730 days)
536
514
525
525
519
Inc
Programs
Failed 356
330
491
307
258
Inc
(C-E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 883
895
915
881
Inc
Inc
Failed 212
157
255
162
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
146
147
158
155
146
139
All Programs Combined
(A-E)
Failed
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days)
3,228
550
2,162
890
3,828
536
2,031
900
3,830
531
1,982
904
4,079
520
1,701
874
3,372
499
1,199 Inc
3,614 Inc Inc Inc
Failed 1,460
1,055
1,057
790
Inc
Inc
Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices
MTTF (FY98-03)
176
7,121
538
4,900
890
2,545
132
10,494
520
2,433
896
1,031
164
1,881
526
969
890
429
148
1,352
518
458
901
214
110
1,104
526
314
903
143
145
4,336
524
1,742
895
786
149
21,951
530
9,075
893
4,362
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 20
Table 3
Region 1: Recidivism Rates for FY98 - FY03 Programs
Number of Failures and Cumulaltive % Recidivism by Cohort
Type of Program
Follow-Up Period
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
FY02
FY03
Totals (FY98-03)
Releases
1,535
1,469
1,565
1,280
1,321
1,254
8,424
%1yr.
7.4
9.3
12.3
22.3
11.1
17.2
12.9
Failed 113
136
192
285
147
216
1,089
Probation* %2yrs.
(A)
18.1
19.9
22.0
30.6
15.1
Inc
Failed 165
156
153
107
66
Inc
21.2
647
%3yrs.
27.3
26.7
27.9
35.9
Inc
Inc
29.2
Failed 141
100
92
67
Inc
Inc
400
Releases
811
676
696
593
563
618
3,957
%1yr.
28.2
42.2
44.3
32.2
36.1
26.5
34.9
STP
(B)
%2yrs.
Failed 229
285
308
191
203
164
42.0
53.4
52.9
45.4
46.0
Inc
Failed 112
76
60
78
56
Inc
1,380
47.9
382
%3yrs.
48.7
57.5
58.0
50.8
Inc
Inc
53.6
Failed
54
28
36
32
Inc
Inc
150
Releases
156
176
199
159
142
83
915
YDC
%1yr.
Failed
32.7
51
30.1
53
23.6
47
20.1
32
34.5
49
34.9
29
28.5
261
Commitments %2yrs.
(C) %3yrs.
49.4
43.2
43.7
33.3
46.5
Inc
Failed
26
23
40
21
17
Inc
55.8
51.1
53.8
41.5
Inc
Inc
43.1
127
50.7
Failed
10
14
20
13
Inc
Inc
57
Releases
109
104
167
122
109
211
822
Non-Secure %1yr.
Residential %2yrs. Commitments
(D)
%3yrs.
Failed Failed
27.5
30
39.4
13
46.8
35.6
37
45.2
10
53.9
22.2
37
35.9
23
43.1
27.9
34
33.6
7
37.7
24.8
27
38.5
15 Inc
27.5
58 Inc Inc Inc
27.1
223
38.1
68
44.8
Failed
8
9
12
5
Inc
Inc
34
Releases
70
52
72
115
107
129
545
Home
%1yr.
Failed
27.1
19
36.5
19
22.2
16
31.3
36
27.1
29
25.6
33
27.9
152
Commitments %2yrs.
(E) %3yrs.
38.6
46.2
33.3
40.0
37.4
Inc
Failed
8
5
8
10
11
Inc
48.6
51.9
41.7
47.8
Inc
Inc
38.7
42
47.2
Failed
7
3
6
9
Inc
Inc
25
Releases
335
332
438
396
358
423
2,282
Combined Commitment
Programs
(C-E)
%1yr. %2yrs. %3yrs.
Failed Failed
30.7
100
44.8
47
51.9
32.8
109
44.3
38
52.1
23.1
100
39.0
71
47.7
25.5
102
35.6
38
42.2
29.6
105
41.3
43 Inc
28.4
120 Inc Inc Inc
28.0
636
40.7
237
48.2
Failed
25
26
38
27
Inc
Inc
116
Releases
2,681
2,477
2,699
2,269
2,242
2,295
14,663
All Programs Combined
(A-E)
%1yr. %2yrs.
Failed Failed
16.5
442
28.6
324
21.4
530
32.3
270
22.2
600
32.8
284
25.5
578
35.3
223
20.3
455
27.7
165
21.8
500 Inc Inc
21.2
3,105
31.3
1,266
%3yrs.
36.8
38.5
38.9
40.9
Inc
Inc
38.7
Failed 220
154
166
126
Inc
Inc
666
Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 21
Table 4
Region 1: Mean Time (Days) to Failure (MTTF) for FY98 - FY03 Programs
Mean Time to Failure by Cohort
Type of Program
Failure Period
FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03
Before 1yr. (365 days)
176
185
190
174
186
145
Failed 113
136
192
285
147
216
Probation* Before 2yrs. (730 days)
589
549
541
516
474
Inc
(A)
Failed 165
156
153
107
66
Inc
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 908
896
898
860
Inc
Inc
Failed 141
100
92
67
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
155
154
138
137
125
128
Failed 229
285
308
191
203
164
STP
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
512
543
486
509
519
Inc
(B)
Failed 112
76
60
78
56
Inc
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 904
882
902
891
Inc
Inc
Failed
54
28
36
32
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
195
175
209
193
166
163
YDC
Failed
51
53
47
32
49
29
Commitments
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
550
26
541
23
529
40
603
21
460
17
Inc Inc
(C)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 865
885
907
864
Inc
Inc
Failed
10
14
20
13
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
114
144
214
135
129
135
Non-Secure
Failed
30
37
37
34
27
58
Residential Before 2yrs. (730 days)
500
495
534
507
542
Inc
Commitments
Failed
13
10
23
7
15
Inc
(D)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 902
975
911
878
Inc
Inc
Failed
8
9
12
5
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
116
113
132
115
77
184
Home
Failed
19
19
16
36
29
33
Commitments
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
520
8
594
5
495
8
561
10
519
11
Inc Inc
(E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 972
782
939
902
Inc
Inc
Failed
7
3
6
9
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
155
154
199
146
132
155
Combined
Failed 100
109
100
102
105
120
Commitment Before 2yrs. (730 days)
531
536
527
574
504
Inc
Programs
Failed
47
38
71
38
43
Inc
(C-E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 907
904
913
879
Inc
Inc
Failed
25
26
38
27
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
161
162
165
157
146
142
All Programs
Failed 442
530
600
578
455
500
Combined
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
554
324
545
270
526
284
523
223
497
165
Inc Inc
(A-E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 907
895
902
872
Inc
Inc
Failed 220
154
166
126
Inc
Inc
Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices
MTTF (FY98-03)
174
1,089
544
647
895
400
141
1,380
515
382
897
150
184
261
539
127
884
57
146
223
521
68
921
34
124
152
534
42
916
25
157
636
533
237
902
116
156
3,105
533
1,266
896
666
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 22
Table 5
Region 2: Recidivism Rates for FY98 - FY03 Programs
Number of Failures and Cumulaltive % Recidivism by Cohort
Type of Program
Follow-Up Period
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
FY02
FY03
Totals (FY98-03)
Releases
2,205
2,304
2,098
2,077
2,188
1,987
12,859
%1yr.
5.9
9.5
13.1
20.1
11.5
24.7
13.9
Failed 130
219
274
417
251
490
1,781
Probation* %2yrs.
(A)
19.1
21.6
25.8
32.9
18.9
Inc
Failed 292
278
268
267
162
Inc
23.5
1,267
%3yrs.
29.0
28.4
32.5
38.4
Inc
Inc
31.9
Failed 217
158
140
114
Inc
Inc
629
Releases
811
834
804
730
727
640
4,546
%1yr.
29.2
43.7
41.2
34.3
37.1
32.2
36.5
STP
(B)
%2yrs.
Failed 237
364
331
250
270
206
39.8
55.2
50.0
45.3
46.9
Inc
Failed
86
96
69
81
71
Inc
1,658
47.5
403
%3yrs.
47.8
60.0
55.0
51.0
Inc
Inc
53.6
Failed
65
41
42
41
Inc
Inc
189
Releases
190
181
181
194
141
131
1,018
YDC
%1yr.
Failed
23.2
44
24.3
44
21.6
39
20.6
40
37.6
53
32.8
43
25.8
263
Commitments %2yrs.
(C) %3yrs.
45.8
40.0
41.4
33.5
50.4
Inc
Failed
43
27
36
25
18
Inc
52.6
47.5
48.6
38.7
Inc
Inc
41.7
149
46.8
Failed
13
15
13
10
Inc
Inc
51
Releases
101
92
130
142
124
203
792
Non-Secure %1yr.
Residential %2yrs. Commitments
(D)
%3yrs.
Failed Failed
32.7
33
44.6
12
53.5
21.7
20
32.6
10
39.1
24.6
32
40.0
20
48.5
33.8
48
43.0
13
47.2
25.8
32
35.5
12 Inc
24.1
49 Inc Inc Inc
27.0
214
39.4
67
47.3
Failed
9
6
11
6
Inc
Inc
32
Releases
22
36
40
54
50
87
289
Home
%1yr.
Failed
22.7
5
33.3
12
15.0
6
38.9
21
24.0
12
12.6
11
23.2
67
Commitments %2yrs.
(E) %3yrs.
40.9
44.4
25.0
51.9
32.0
Inc
Failed
4
3
4
6
4
Inc
54.6
47.2
32.5
53.7
Inc
Inc
39.1
21
46.7
Failed
3
1
3
1
Inc
Inc
8
Releases
313
309
351
390
315
421
2,099
Combined Commitment
Programs
(C-E)
%1yr. %2yrs. %3yrs.
Failed Failed
26.2
82
45.0
59
53.0
25.2
76
38.2
40
45.0
22.2
77
39.0
60
46.7
28.5
109
39.5
44
43.8
31.1
97
41.6
34 Inc
25.2
103 Inc Inc Inc
26.3
544
40.6
237
47.0
Failed
25
22
27
17
Inc
Inc
91
Releases
3,329
3,447
3,253
3,197
3,230
3,048
19,504
All Programs Combined
(A-E)
%1yr. %2yrs.
Failed Failed
13.5
449
26.6
437
19.1
659
31.1
414
21.0
682
33.2
397
24.3
776
36.5
392
19.1
618
27.4
267
26.2
799 Inc Inc
20.4
3,983
30.9
1,907
%3yrs.
35.8
37.5
35.8
41.9
Inc
Inc
38.7
Failed 307
221
209
172
Inc
Inc
909
Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 23
Table 6
Region 2: Mean Time (Days) to Failure (MTTF) for FY98 - FY03 Programs
Mean Time to Failure by Cohort
Type of Program
Failure Period
FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03
Before 1yr. (365 days)
183
193
213
191
222
141
Failed 130
219
274
417
251
490
Probation* Before 2yrs. (730 days)
567
544
534
522
477
Inc
(A)
Failed 292
278
268
267
162
Inc
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 887
909
904
873
Inc
Inc
Failed 217
158
140
114
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
150
134
142
151
132
130
STP
(B)
Failed 237
364
331
250
270
206
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
527
531
524
518
525
Inc
Failed
86
96
69
81
71
Inc
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 890
904
881
884
Inc
Inc
Failed
65
41
42
41
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
150
178
204
185
167
143
YDC
Failed
44
44
39
40
53
43
Commitments
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
550
43
470
27
533
36
511
25
513
18
Inc Inc
(C)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 899
860
917
883
Inc
Inc
Failed
13
15
13
10
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
120
145
200
123
147
157
Non-Secure
Failed
33
20
32
48
32
49
Residential Before 2yrs. (730 days)
542
549
496
527
549
Inc
Commitments
Failed
12
10
20
13
12
Inc
(D)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 878
892
889
818
Inc
Inc
Failed
9
6
11
6
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
88
108
182
101
100
182
Home
Failed
5
12
6
21
12
11
Commitments
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
561
4
473
3
509
4
477
6
527
4
Inc Inc
(E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 883
1088
863
1086
Inc
Inc
Failed
3
1
3
1
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
134
158
201
142
152
154
Combined
Failed
82
76
77
109
97
103
Commitment Before 2yrs. (730 days)
549
490
519
511
527
Inc
Programs
Failed
59
40
60
44
34
Inc
(C-E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 890
879
900
872
Inc
Inc
Failed
25
22
27
17
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
157
156
177
171
172
140
All Programs
Failed 449
659
682
776
618
799
Combined
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
557
437
536
414
530
397
520
392
496
267
Inc Inc
(A-E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 888
905
899
875
Inc
Inc
Failed 307
221
209
172
Inc
Inc
Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices
MTTF (FY98-03)
185
1,781
534
1,267
894
629
139
1,658
525
403
890
189
170
263
520
149
889
51
148
214
528
67
873
32
122
67
508
21
926
8
155
544
521
237
887
91
162
3,983
531
1,907
892
909
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 24
Table 7
Region 3: Recidivism Rates for FY98 - FY03 Programs
Number of Failures and Cumulaltive % Recidivism by Cohort
Type of Program
Follow-Up Period
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
FY02
FY03
Totals (FY98-03)
Releases
1,124
1,309
1,398
1,204
1,192
1,033
7,260
%1yr.
7.5
10.4
12.0
23.6
12.9
24.9
14.3
Failed
81
110
163
231
112
217
914
Probation* %2yrs.
(A)
17.3
20.2
21.8
30.0
14.5
Inc
Failed 113
154
142
130
61
Inc
20.8
600
%3yrs.
27.2
27.3
27.0
34.3
Inc
Inc
28.9
Failed 112
94
72
52
Inc
Inc
330
Releases
1,454
1,344
1,275
1,124
1,150
1,027
7,374
%1yr.
31.5
39.0
38.7
29.7
35.7
24.9
33.6
STP
(B)
%2yrs.
Failed 458
524
493
334
411
256
42.4
50.0
47.7
38.0
44.3
Inc
Failed 159
148
115
93
98
Inc
2,476
44.6
613
%3yrs.
48.1
55.1
52.3
43.5
Inc
Inc
49.9
Failed
82
68
59
62
Inc
Inc
271
Releases
334
355
331
315
262
269
1,866
YDC
%1yr.
Failed
34.7
116
21.1
75
21.2
70
20.6
65
21.0
55
23.8
64
23.9
445
Commitments %2yrs.
(C) %3yrs.
47.9
36.3
41.7
34.0
29.4
Inc
Failed
44
53
67
40
22
Inc
58.1
45.1
50.2
41.0
Inc
Inc
38.3
226
48.6
Failed
34
31
28
24
Inc
Inc
117
Releases
276
288
217
249
199
460
1,689
Non-Secure %1yr.
Residential %2yrs. Commitments
(D)
%3yrs.
Failed Failed
28.3
78
40.9
33
46.7
25.7
74
34.7
26
40.6
18.9
41
34.1
33
43.8
24.1
60
34.9
26
41.0
32.2
64
40.7
16 Inc
21.7
100 Inc Inc Inc
24.7
417
37.0
134
43.0
Failed
16
17
21
15
Inc
Inc
69
Releases
303
219
289
278
347
338
1,774
Home
%1yr.
Failed
37.6
114
31.1
68
22.8
66
35.3
98
37.5
130
17.8
60
30.2
536
Commitments %2yrs.
(E) %3yrs.
47.2
42.0
39.8
42.1
45.2
Inc
Failed
29
24
49
19
26
Inc
56.1
46.1
46.4
46.0
Inc
Inc
43.5
147
48.9
Failed
27
9
19
11
Inc
Inc
66
Releases
913
862
837
842
808
1,067
5,329
Combined Commitment
Programs
(C-E)
%1yr. %2yrs. %3yrs.
Failed Failed
34.0
308
45.6
106
54.0
25.6
217
37.2
103
43.9
21.4
176
39.1
150
47.2
27.0
223
36.9
85
42.6
31.1
249
39.0
64 Inc
21.3
224 Inc Inc Inc
26.6
1,397
39.7
508
47.0
Failed
77
57
68
50
Inc
Inc
252
Releases
3,491
3,515
3,510
3,170
3,150
3,127
19,963
All Programs Combined
(A-E)
%1yr. %2yrs.
Failed Failed
24.3
847
35.1
378
24.2
851
35.7
405
23.7
832
0.4
407
24.9
788
34.6
308
24.5
772
31.6
223
22.3
697 Inc Inc
24.0
4,787
34.5
1,721
%3yrs.
42.9
42.0
41.0
40.0
Inc
Inc
41.4
Failed 271
219
199
164
Inc
Inc
853
Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 25
Table 8
Region 3: Mean Time (Days) to Failure (MTTF) for FY98 - FY03 Programs
Mean Time to Failure by Cohort
Type of Program
Failure Period
FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03
Before 1yr. (365 days)
197
191
176
183
184
129
Failed
81
110
163
231
112
217
Probation* Before 2yrs. (730 days)
567
547
548
511
468
Inc
(A)
Failed 113
154
142
130
61
Inc
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 885
896
896
852
Inc
Inc
Failed 112
94
72
52
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
134
124
127
129
117
136
STP
(B)
Failed 458
524
493
334
411
256
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
532
512
534
534
506
Inc
Failed 159
148
115
93
98
Inc
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 894
926
909
865
Inc
Inc
Failed
82
68
59
62
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
134
156
172
166
146
171
YDC
Failed 116
75
70
65
55
64
Commitments
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
566
44
533
53
513
67
535
40
519
22
Inc Inc
(C)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 889
891
913
905
Inc
Inc
Failed
34
31
28
24
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
130
154
184
147
142
155
Non-Secure
Failed
78
74
41
60
64
100
Residential Before 2yrs. (730 days)
532
500
499
527
576
Inc
Commitments
Failed
33
26
33
26
16
Inc
(D)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 871
929
923
876
Inc
Inc
Failed
16
17
21
15
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
86
102
159
112
92
146
Home
Failed 114
68
66
98
130
60
Commitments
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
538
29
495
24
546
49
523
19
534
26
Inc Inc
(E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 880
901
919
888
Inc
Inc
Failed
27
9
19
11
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
115
139
167
137
117
157
Combined
Failed 308
217
176
223
249
224
Commitment Before 2yrs. (730 days)
547
516
522
530
539
Inc
Programs
Failed 106
103
150
85
64
Inc
(C-E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 882
904
918
893
Inc
Inc
Failed
77
57
68
50
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
133
137
145
147
126
141
All Programs
Failed 847
851
832
788
772
697
Combined
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
548
378
526
405
535
407
523
308
505
223
Inc Inc
(A-E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 887
907
907
869
Inc
Inc
Failed 271
219
199
164
Inc
Inc
Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices
MTTF (FY98-03)
171
914
536
600
885
330
127
2,476
524
613
898
271
155
445
533
226
898
117
150
417
522
134
902
69
110
536
531
147
896
66
136
1,397
530
508
899
252
138
4,787
530
1,721
893
853
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 26
Table 9
Region 4: Recidivism Rates for FY98 - FY03 Programs
Number of Failures and Cumulaltive % Recidivism by Cohort
Type of Program
Follow-Up Period
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
FY02
FY03
Totals (FY98-03)
Releases
2,702
2,730
2,251
1,998
1,803
1,748
13,232
%1yr.
7.5
10.4
12.0
23.6
12.9
24.9
14.3
Failed 203
285
269
471
233
435
1,896
Probation* %2yrs.
(A)
20.3
23.2
25.8
36.0
20.7
Inc
Failed 345
349
312
249
140
Inc
24.9
1,395
%3yrs.
29.7
30.8
32.8
40.5
Inc
Inc
33.0
Failed 254
206
158
90
Inc
Inc
708
Releases
1,115
1,079
1,014
1,023
952
795
5,978
%1yr.
39.7
51.0
49.4
40.0
46.4
41.0
44.7
STP
(B)
%2yrs.
Failed 443
550
501
409
442
326
53.4
62.4
59.6
50.9
56.9
Inc
Failed 152
123
103
112
100
Inc
2,671
56.6
590
%3yrs.
60.0
66.4
64.9
55.9
Inc
Inc
61.8
Failed
74
43
54
51
Inc
Inc
222
Releases
236
307
305
257
259
167
1,531
YDC
%1yr.
Failed
35.6
84
36.2
111
25.9
79
24.1
62
31.3
81
23.4
39
29.8
456
Commitments %2yrs.
(C) %3yrs.
50.0
57.3
45.3
38.5
46.3
Inc
Failed
34
64
59
37
39
Inc
63.1
63.2
57.7
45.1
Inc
Inc
47.7
233
57.5
Failed
31
19
38
17
Inc
Inc
105
Releases
100
90
74
106
116
163
649
Non-Secure %1yr.
Residential %2yrs. Commitments
(D)
%3yrs.
Failed Failed
37.0
37
55.0
18
63.0
45.6
41
56.7
10
57.8
29.7
22
51.4
16
58.1
31.1
33
40.6
10
47.2
28.5
33
42.2
16 Inc
25.8
42 Inc Inc Inc
32.1
208
48.6
70
56.2
Failed
8
1
5
7
Inc
Inc
21
Releases
71
51
134
111
84
84
535
Home
%1yr.
Failed
45.1
32
47.1
24
32.1
43
28.8
32
34.5
29
16.7
14
32.5
174
Commitments %2yrs.
(E) %3yrs.
57.8
51.0
50.0
38.7
40.5
Inc
Failed
9
2
24
11
5
Inc
59.2
52.9
56.0
45.1
Inc
Inc
46.8
51
52.9
Failed
1
1
8
7
Inc
Inc
17
Releases
407
448
513
474
459
414
2,715
Combined Commitment
Programs
(C-E)
%1yr. %2yrs. %3yrs.
Failed Failed
37.6
153
52.6
61
62.4
39.5
176
56.5
76
60.9
28.1
144
47.4
99
57.3
27.0
127
39.0
58
45.6
31.2
143
44.2
60 Inc
22.9
95 Inc Inc Inc
30.9
838
47.7
354
56.3
Failed
40
21
51
31
Inc
Inc
143
Releases
4,224
4,257
3,778
3,495
3,214
2,957
21,925
All Programs Combined
(A-E)
%1yr. %2yrs.
Failed Failed
18.9
799
32.1
558
23.8
1,011
36.6
548
24.2
914
37.8
514
28.8
1,007
40.8
419
25.5
818
34.8
300
29.0
856 Inc Inc
24.7
5,405
36.3
2,339
%3yrs.
40.8
43.0
44.8
45.7
Inc
Inc
43.4
Failed 368
270
263
172
Inc
Inc
1,073
Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 27
Table 10
Region 4: Mean Time (Days) to Failure (MTTF) for FY98 - FY03 Programs
Mean Time to Failure by Cohort
Type of Program
Failure Period
FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03
Before 1yr. (365 days)
160
168
193
172
201
146
Failed 203
285
269
471
233
435
Probation* Before 2yrs. (730 days)
567
557
538
519
483
Inc
(A)
Failed 345
349
312
249
140
Inc
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 876
895
897
862
Inc
Inc
Failed 254
206
158
90
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
133
129
126
132
120
127
Failed 443
550
501
409
442
326
STP
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
507
505
521
513
507
Inc
(B)
Failed 152
123
103
112
100
Inc
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 885
916
909
888
Inc
Inc
Failed
74
43
54
51
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
149
173
182
169
151
133
YDC
Failed
84
111
79
62
81
39
Commitments
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
526
34
521
64
543
59
522
37
537
39
Inc Inc
(C)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 874
862
906
875
Inc
Inc
Failed
31
19
38
17
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
143
122
163
163
149
140
Non-Secure
Failed
37
41
22
33
33
42
Residential Before 2yrs. (730 days)
508
500
497
534
493
Inc
Commitments
Failed
18
10
16
10
16
Inc
(D)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 918
1080
894
870
Inc
Inc
Failed
8
1
5
7
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
78
88
157
109
83
103
Home
Failed
32
24
43
32
29
14
Commitments
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
505
9
602
2
537
24
506
11
465
5
Inc Inc
(E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 879
807
885
998
Inc
Inc
Failed
1
1
8
7
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
133
150
171
152
137
131
Combined
Failed 153
176
144
127
143
95
Commitment Before 2yrs. (730 days)
518
520
534
521
519
Inc
Programs
Failed
61
76
99
58
60
Inc
(C-E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 883
870
902
901
Inc
Inc
Failed
40
21
51
31
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
140
144
153
153
146
137
All Programs
Failed 799
1,011
914
1,007
818
856
Combined
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
546
558
540
548
534
514
518
419
498
300
Inc Inc
(A-E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 879
896
900
877
Inc
Inc
Failed 368
270
263
172
Inc
Inc
Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices
MTTF (FY98-03)
171
1,896
541
1,395
884
708
128
2,671
510
590
897
222
162
456
530
233
884
105
144
208
505
70
904
21
107
174
520
51
927
17
146
838
524
354
892
143
146
5,405
531
2,339
888
1,073
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 28
Table 11
Region 5: Recidivism Rates for FY98 - FY03 Programs
Number of Failures and Cumulaltive % Recidivism by Cohort
Type of Program
Follow-Up Period
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
FY02
FY03
Totals (FY98-03)
Releases
2,005
1,961
1,986
1,816
1,598
1,512
10,878
%1yr.
6.0
9.2
12.0
21.3
10.5
23.0
13.3
Failed 120
180
239
387
168
347
1,441
Probation* %2yrs.
(A)
18.1
21.4
22.4
31.9
17.5
Inc
Failed 243
239
205
192
112
Inc
22.3
991
%3yrs.
27.1
27.2
27.7
36.2
Inc
Inc
29.4
Failed 180
114
106
78
Inc
Inc
478
Releases
1,142
1,011
949
939
847
816
5,704
%1yr.
35.5
46.2
43.9
40.6
43.3
33.3
40.5
STP
(B)
%2yrs.
Failed 405
467
417
381
367
272
47.6
54.3
50.7
49.6
52.2
Inc
Failed 139
82
64
85
75
Inc
2,309
50.8
445
%3yrs.
53.7
58.9
55.2
54.0
Inc
Inc
55.4
Failed
69
46
43
41
Inc
Inc
199
Releases
320
330
336
276
207
209
1,678
YDC
%1yr.
Failed
27.2
87
24.9
82
24.1
81
25.7
71
34.8
72
30.1
63
27.2
456
Commitments %2yrs.
(C) %3yrs.
44.4
42.1
43.5
39.1
45.9
Inc
Failed
55
56
64
36
23
Inc
52.8
47.6
54.5
44.9
Inc
Inc
42.9
234
50.2
Failed
27
18
37
17
Inc
Inc
99
Releases
180
133
151
189
164
237
1,054
Non-Secure %1yr.
Residential %2yrs. Commitments
(D)
%3yrs.
Failed Failed
32.8
59
46.1
23
56.1
29.3
39
41.4
15
49.6
22.5
34
43.1
30
54.3
27.5
52
43.9
31
49.7
28.7
47
40.9
20 Inc
24.9
59 Inc Inc Inc
27.5
290
43.2
119
52.5
Failed
18
11
18
11
Inc
Inc
58
Releases
47
31
134
113
142
101
568
Home
%1yr.
Failed
42.6
20
29.0
9
23.1
31
34.5
39
38.7
55
20.8
21
30.8
175
Commitments %2yrs.
(E) %3yrs.
53.2
35.5
35.8
47.8
48.6
Inc
Failed
5
2
17
15
14
Inc
53.2
41.9
47.8
55.8
Inc
Inc
44.3
53
50.8
Failed
0
2
16
9
Inc
Inc
27
Releases
547
494
621
578
513
547
3,300
Combined Commitment
Programs
(C-E)
%1yr. %2yrs. %3yrs.
Failed Failed
30.5
166
45.7
83
53.9
27.5
130
41.5
73
47.8
23.7
146
41.7
111
53.0
28.0
162
42.4
82
48.6
33.9
174
45.0
57 Inc
27.1
143 Inc Inc Inc
28.3
921
43.2
406
50.9
Failed
45
31
71
37
Inc
Inc
184
Releases
3,694
3,466
3,556
3,333
2,958
2,875
19,882
All Programs Combined
(A-E)
%1yr. %2yrs.
Failed Failed
18.7
691
31.3
465
22.4
777
33.8
394
22.6
802
33.2
380
27.9
930
38.7
359
24.0
709
32.2
244
26.5
762 Inc Inc
23.5
4,671
33.8
1,842
%3yrs.
39.3
39.3
39.4
43.4
Inc
Inc
40.3
Failed 294
191
220
156
Inc
Inc
861
Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 29
Table 12
Region 5: Mean Time (Days) to Failure (MTTF) for FY98 - FY03 Programs
Mean Time to Failure by Cohort
Type of Program
Failure Period
FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03
Before 1yr. (365 days)
183
199
203
168
206
138
Failed 120
180
239
387
168
347
Probation* Before 2yrs. (730 days)
561
550
533
521
477
Inc
(A)
Failed 243
239
205
192
112
Inc
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 905
891
900
872
Inc
Inc
Failed 180
114
106
78
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
143
123
124
133
131
121
Failed 405
467
417
381
367
272
STP
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
535
517
524
514
533
Inc
(B)
Failed 139
82
64
85
75
Inc
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 892
897
907
903
Inc
Inc
Failed
69
46
43
41
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
165
166
186
181
117
142
YDC
Failed
87
82
81
71
72
63
Commitments
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
523
55
494
527
507
506
56
64
36
23
Inc Inc
(C)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 859
877
932
857
Inc
Inc
Failed
27
18
37
17
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
157
95
181
129
140
177
Non-Secure
Failed
59
39
34
52
47
59
Residential Before 2yrs. (730 days)
534
530
493
511
528
Inc
Commitments
Failed
23
15
30
31
20
Inc
(D)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 877
927
945
840
Inc
Inc
Failed
18
11
18
11
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
85
40
136
80
93
130
Home
Failed
20
9
31
39
55
21
Commitments
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
562
5
624
558
502
469
2
17
15
14
Inc Inc
(E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days)
0
969
894
858
Inc
Inc
Failed
0
2
16
9
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
152
136
174
140
116
154
Combined
Failed 166
130
146
162
174
143
Commitment Before 2yrs. (730 days)
529
505
522
508
504
Inc
Programs
Failed
83
73
111
82
57
Inc
(C-E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 866
901
927
852
Inc
Inc
Failed
45
31
71
37
Inc
Inc
Before 1yr. (365 days)
152
143
156
149
145
135
All Programs
Failed 691
777
802
930
709
762
Combined
Before 2yrs. (730 days)
Failed
547
465
535
528
516
501
394
380
359
244
Inc Inc
(A-E)
Before 3yrs. (1,095 days) 896
894
910
875
Inc
Inc
Failed 294
191
220
156
Inc
Inc
Inc=Follow-up period incomplete. * Probation also includes data from 3 contributing Independent County Court Services Offices
MTTF (FY98-03)
176
1,441
535
991
895
478
129
2,309
526
445
899
199
161
456
513
234
890
99
148
290
516
119
901
58
99
175
522
53
888
27
145
921
515
406
893
184
147
4,671
528
1,842
895
861
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 30
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 31
Appendix B: Offenses Defining Recidivism
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 32
Conviction for a New Offense Defined
Convicted for a new offense. Not a revocation or administrative action. Must be Probation, STP, STP/Probation, STP/CMT, Regular Commitment, Designated Felony Commitment, Superior Court Commitment, or a conviction resulting in Adult probation or Adult Prison). The offense itself must be considered a crime as an adult. All technical violations and status offenses are not new offenses as well as minor traffic (i.e., speeding, failure to yield, traffic), loitering, and contempt of court). All non-offense codes are listed below. Release Cohorts. Only the first release within the fiscal year will be followed making the release cohorts unduplicated within the year.
Legal Actions to Exclude
Rank
0 0 0 -1 -1 -1
Description
Revocation-Administrative action
Informal Adjustments-Administrative action
Abeyance
Suspension
Dismissal
Withheld
Legal Actions To Include
Rank
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
GA Code
Description
Probation
STP
STP+Probation
STP+CMT
Regular Commitment
Designated Felon Commitment
Superior Court Commitment
Adult Probation
Adult Prison
New Offenses
Description
Oftype
M/F
16-6-19 16-12-26 16-11-4 16-11-32 16-5-21 16-5-21.1 16-5-24 16-6-4 16-12-4(C) 16-6-22.2 16-6-2 16-5-91 16-10-53 16-12-120.1 16-8-41 16-7-60 16-7-61 16-7-62 16-10-54 16-10-32 16-10-51 16-5-23.1 16-5-23.1(I) 16-6-6 16-6-20 16-10-2
ADULTERY ADVERTISE COMMERCIAL GAMBLING ADVOCATING OVERTHROW OF GOVERNMENT AFFRAY AGGRAVATED ASSAULT AGGRAVATED ASSAULT WITH INTENT TO RAPE OR ROB AGGRAVATED BATTERY AGGRAVATED CHILD MOLESTATION AGGRAVATED CRUELTY TO ANIMALS AGGRAVATED SEXUAL BATTERY AGGRAVATED SODOMY AGGRAVATED STALKING AID/PERMIT ANOTHER TO ESCAPE LAWFUL CUSTODY/CONFINEMENT ALTERED/SALE/EXCHANGE OF FARE COINS/NOTES/TOKENS/CARDS/TICKETS ARMED ROBBERY ARSON-FIRST DEGREE ARSON-SECOND DEGREE ARSON-THIRD DEGREE ASSAIL/OPPOSE/RESIST OFFICER OF THE LAW IN A PENAL INSTITUTION ATTEMPTED MURDER/THREATENING A WITNESS IN OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS BAIL JUMPING BATTERY BATTERY-SCHOOL OFFICIAL BESTIALITY BIGAMY BRIBERY
5
M
4
M
4
F
4
M
8
F
8
F
8
F
9
F
8
F
9
F
9
F
8
F
4
F
4
M
8
F
8
F
8
F
3
F
8
F
4
F
4
F
8
M
8
F
5
M
4
F
4
M
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
Page 33
16-7-1 16-7-28 16-12-123 16-11-126 16-11-127 16-11-126 16-11-128 16-11-127.1 16-12-120 16-6-4 16-12-22 16-12-28 16-10-31 16-4-8 16-4-8 16-4-8 16-4-8 16-4-8 16-4-8 16-4-8 16-4-8 16-12-1 16-12-1 16-8-15 16-9-5 16-9-5 16-9-2 16-12-140 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-4-1 16-7-22 16-7-23 16-11-40 16-9-34 16-9-35 16-4-7 16-4-7
BURGLARY BURNING WOODLANDS/BRUSH/FIELDS /LANDS;DAMAGE TO WILDFIRE DETECTION EQP BUS/RAIL VEHICLE HIJACKING/BOARDING W/CONCEALED WEAPON CARRY A CONCEALED WEAPON CARRY DEADLY WEAPONS TO OR AT PUBLIC GATHERINGS CARRYING A CONCEALED WEAPON CARRYING PISTOL WITHOUT LICENSE CARRYING WEAPONS W/IN SCHOOL SAFETY ZONES/FUNCTIONS/PROPERTY CERTAIN ACTS IN PUBLIC TRANSIT BUSES/RAPID RAIL CARS/STATIONS CHILD MOLESTATION COMMERCIAL GAMBLING COMMUNICATING GAMBLING INFORMATION CONCEALING DEATH OF ANOTHER PERSON CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT A CRIME ** DO NOT SHOW TO DJJ AS A CHOICE CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT A CRIME/AGGRAVATED ASSAULT CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT A CRIME/ARMED ROBBERY CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT A CRIME/MURDER CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT A CRIME/ROBBERY CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT A CRIME/THEFT BY TAKING CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT CRIME/CRIMINAL DAMAGE TO PROPERTY-FIRST DEGREE CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT CRIME/SIMPLE BATTERY CONTRIBUTING TO THE DELINQUENCY/UNRULINESS/DEPRIVATION OF A MINOR CONTRIBUTING TO THE DELINQUENCY/UNRULINESS/DEPRIVATION OF A MINOR CONVERSION OF PAYMENTS FOR REAL PROPERTY IMPROVEMENTS COUNTERFEIT OR FALSE PROOF OF INSURANCE DOCUMENT COUNTERFEIT/FALSE PROOF OF INSURANCE DOCUMENT CRIM USE OF ARTICLE WITH ALTERED IDENT MARK/FORGERY-2ND DEGREE CRIMINAL ABORTION CRIMINAL ATTEMPT **** DO NOT SHOW TO DJJ AS A CHOICE CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/AGGRAVATED ASSAULT CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/ARMED ROBBERY CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/ARSON CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/BATTERY CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/BURGLARY CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/CHILD MOLESTATION CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/ESCAPE CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/ESCAPE CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/KIDNAPPING CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/MURDER CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/RAPE CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/ROBBERY CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/SEXUAL BATTERY CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/SODOMY CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/THEFT BY TAKING CRIMINAL ATTEMPT/THEFT BY TAKING CRIMINAL DAMAGE TO PROPERTY-FIRST DEGREE CRIMINAL DAMAGE TO PROPERTY-SECOND DEGREE CRIMINAL DEFAMATION CRIMINAL POSSESSION OF FINANCIAL TRANSACTION CARD CRIMINAL RECEIPT OF GOODS/SERVICES FRAUDENTLY OBTAINED CRIMINAL SOLICITATION CRIMINAL SOLICITATION/MURDER
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
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4
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8
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8
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8
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3
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16-7-21 16-7-29 16-9-70 16-12-4 16-5-70 16-7-25 16-7-27 16-9-20 16-11-107 16-11-105 16-11-104 16-11-103 16-11-39 20-2-1181 16-11-37.1 16-12-80 27-3-15 16-12-37 40-6-391 16-13-75 40-6-273 20-2-1183 16-12-100.1 16-8-18 16-6-5 16-10-52(b) 16-10-52 16-5-41 16-5-42 16-10-26 16-10-20 16-5-80 16-9-121 16-9-32 16-9-33 16-9-31 40-6-395 16-13-43(a)5 16-9-1 16-6-18 16-9-56 16-11-101 16-11-101.1 16-12-21 16-10-25 16-6-17 16-11-39.1 16-5-61 16-5-44.1 16-5-44 16-10-50 16-7-85
CRIMINAL TRESPASS CRIMINAL TRESSPASS BY MOTOR VEHICLE CRIMINAL USE OF ALTERED ID ARTICLE CRUELTY TO ANIMALS CRUELTY TO CHILDREN DAMAG/INJURING/INTERF W/PROP OF PUB UTIL/MUNICIP/POLITIC SUBDIVISIONS DAMAGE/DESTROY/DEFACE MAILBOXES/MAIL DEPOSIT ACCOUNT FRAUD DESTROYING/INJURING POLICE DOG/POLICE HORSE DISCHARGE OF FIREARM ON SUNDAY DISCHARGE OF FIREARMS ON PROPERTY OF ANOTHER DISCHARGE OF GUN/PISTOL NEAR PUBLIC HIGHWAY/STREET DISORDERLY CONDUCT DISRUPTING PUBLIC SCHOOL DISSEMINATION OF INFO RELATING TO TERRORISTIC ACTS DISTRIBUTING OBSCENE MATERIAL DNR VIOLATION DOGFIGHTING DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALC/DRUGS/INTOXICATING SUBSTANCE DRUGS TO BE KEPT IN ORIGINAL CONTAINER DUTY TO REPORT ACCIDENT RESULTING IN INJURY/DEATH/PROPERTY DAMAGE ELECTRONIC PAGERS PROHIBITED ELECTRONICALLY FURNISHING OBSCENE MATERIAL TO MINOR ENTERING MOTOR VEHICLE WITH INTENT TO COMMIT THEFT/FELONY ENTICING A CHILD FOR INDECENT PURPOSES ESCAPE ESCAPE FALSE IMPRISONMENT FALSE IMPRISONMENT UNDER COLOR OF LEGAL PROCESS FALSE REPORT OF A CRIME FALSE STATEMENTS/WRITINGS/CONCEALMENT OF FACTS/FRAUDULENT DOCUMENTS FETICIDE FINANCIAL IDENTITY FRAUD FINANCIAL TRANSACTION CARD FORGERY FINANCIAL TRANSACTION CARD FRAUD FINANCIAL TRANSACTION CARD THEFT FLEEING/ATTEMPTING TO ELUDE POLICE OFFICERS/IMPERSONATING AN OFFICER FORGED OR COUNTERFEIT TRADEMARK FORGERY-FIRST DEGREE FORNICATION FRAUDULENT ATTEMPTS TO OBTAIN REFUNDS FURNISHING METAL KNUCKLES/KNIFE TO PERSON UNDER AGE 18 YEARS FURNISHING PISTOL/REVOLVER TO PERSON UNDER AGE 18 YEARS GAMBLING GIVING FALSE NAME/ADDRESS/BIRTHDATE TO LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER GIVING MASSAGES IN PLACES USED FOR LEWDNESS/PROSTITUTION/ASSIGNATION HARASSING PHONE CALLS HAZING HIJACKING A MOTOR VEHICLE HIJACKING AN AIRCRAFT HINDER APPREHENSION/PUNISHMENT OF CRIMINAL HOAX DEVICES
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
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M
3
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3
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11
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11
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11
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8
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2
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2
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7
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4
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8
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4
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4
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8
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3
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3
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3
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7
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3
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5
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3
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11
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16-7-85 52-7-12.2 52-7-12.2 16-10-23 16-9-52 16-6-22 16-11-31 16-10-93 16-13-91 16-5-45 16-7-24(b) 16-7-24(a) 16-10-97 16-5-3 16-5-3 16-5-40 16-7-43 16-8-20 16-8-20 16-11-36 50-27-27 50-27-28 16-11-44 16-5-43 16-13-30(b) 16-13-30(b) 16-13-32.5 16-13-32.4 16-13-30.1 16-7-82 16-6-21 16-6-16 16-9-93.1 16-5-1 16-6-7 16-11-43 16-10-24 16-10-24.2 16-10-24.1 16-10-24 16-10-24.3 16-5-5 52-7-12 16-6-14 16-15-4 16-11-61 16-13-3 16-10-70 16-10-55 20-2-751.5 16-5-71.1 16-6-11
HOAX DEVICES HOMICIDE BY VESSEL HOMICIDE BY VESSEL IMPERSONATING A PUBLIC OFFICER/EMPLOYEE IMPROPER SOLICITATION OF MONEY INCEST INCITING A RIOT INFLUENCING WITNESSES INTENTIONAL INHALATION OF MODEL GLUE INTERFERENCE WITH CUSTODY INTERFERENCE WITH GOVERNMENT PROPERTY INTERFERENCE WITH GOVERNMENT PROPERTY INTIMIDATION/INJURY OF GRAND/PETIT JUROR/COURT OFFICER INVOLUNTARY MANSLAUGHTER INVOLUNTARY MANSLAUGHTER KIDNAPPING LITTERING PUBLIC OR PRIVATE PROPERTY OR WATERS LIVESTOCK THEFT LIVESTOCK THEFT LOITERING OR PROWLING LOTTERY TICKET MAKE/ALTER/FORGE/UTTER/PASS/COUNTERFEIT LOTTERY TICKET MAKE/ENTER FALSE STATEMEMENT IN BOOK OR RECORD MAINTAINING A DISORDERLY HOUSE MALICIOUS CONFINEMENT OF SANE PERSON IN AN ASYLUM MANUF/DIS/DISP/ADMIN/SELL/POSS W/INTENT SELL OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE MANUF/DIS/DISP/ADMIN/SELL/POSS W/INTENT SELL OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE MANUF/DISTRIB/DISPENS/POSS OF CONTROLLED SUBST NEAR PARK/HOUSING PRJ MANUF/DISTRIB/DISPENS/POSS OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE IN/AT/NEAR SCHOOLS MANUF/DISTRIB/DISPENS/POSS W/INTENT TO DISTRIB IMITATION CONTR SUBST MANUF/TRANSP/DISTRIB/POSS W/INTENT TO DISTRIB EXPLOSIVE DEVICE MARRYING A BIGAMIST MASTURBATION FOR HIRE MISLEADING TRANSMITTAL/USE OF IND NAME/TRADEMARK OVER COMPUTER/TELEP MURDER NECROPHILIA OBSTRUCT HIGHWAYS/STREETS/SIDEWALKS/OTHER PUBLIC PASSAGES OBSTRUCT/HINDER LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS OBSTRUCTING/HINDERING EMERG MEDICAL TECHNICIANS/PROFESSIONALS OBSTRUCTING/HINDERING FIREFIGHTERS OBSTRUCTING/HINDERING LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS OBSTRUCTING/HINDERING PERSONS MAKING EMERGENCY TELEPHONE CALLS OFFER TO ASSIST IN COMMISSION OF SUICIDE OPERATION OF WATERCRAFT WHILE UNDER INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL/DRUGS PANDERING PARTICIPATION IN CRIMINAL STREET GANG ACTIVITY PROHIBITED PEEPING TOMS PENALTY FOR ABANDONMENT OF DANG DRUGS/POISONS/CONTROLLED SUBST PERJURY PERSUADE/ENTICE/INSTIGATE/AID/ABETE TO COMMIT MUTINY PHYSICAL ASSAULT OF A FACULTY MEMBER PIERCING OF THE BODY PIMPING
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
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8
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16-11-102 16-11-106 16-11-131 16-11-122 16-13-30(j) 16-13-30(j) 16-13-78.2 16-13-78.2 16-12-24 16-7-88 25-10-2 16-13-30.2 16-11-132 16-11-132 16-7-20 16-13-32.2 16-11-34 16-9-21 16-9-4 16-9-4 16-6-9
POINTING/AIMING GUN/PISTOL AT ANOTHER POSS OF FIREARM/KNIFE DURING COMMISSION/ATTEMPT TO COMMIT CRIMES POSS OF FIREARMS BY CONVICTED FELONS/FIRST OFFENDER PROBATIONERS POSS OF SAWED-OFF SHTGUN/RIFLE/MACHINE GUN/SILENCER/DANG PROHIB WEAP POSS/CONTROL/MANUF/DELIV/DIST /DISP/ADMIN/PURCH/SELL POSS W/ INTENT T POSS/CONTROL/MANUF/DELIV/DIST /DISP/ADMIN/PURCH/SELL POSS W/INTENT T POSS/MANUF/DELIVERY/DISTRIB/SALE OF COUNTERFEIT SUBSTANCES POSS/MANUF/DELIVERY/DISTRIB/SALE OF COUNTERFEIT SUBSTANCES POSS/MANUF/TRANSF OF GAMBLING DEVICE/PARTS, POSS ANTIQUE SLOT MACHINE POSS/TRANS EXPLOSIVES/DEVICES W/INTENT TO INTIMIDATE/KILL/DESTROY POSS/USE/EXPLOSION OF FIREWORKS POSSESSION OF IMITATION SUBSTANCE POSSESSION OF PISTOL/REVOLVER BY PERSON UNDER AGE 18 YEARS POSSESSION OF PISTOL/REVOLVER BY PERSON UNDER AGE 18 YEARS POSSESSION OF TOOLS FOR THE COMMISSION OF CRIME POSSESSION/USE OF DRUG RELATED OBJECTS PREVENT/DISRUPT LAWFUL MEETINGS/GATHERINGS/PROCESSIONS PRINT/EXECUTE/NEGOTIATE FICTITIOUS MONETARY INSTRUMENTS PROHIBITION AGAINST KNOWINGLY MANUF/SELL/DISTRIB FALSE IDENT DOCUMENT PROHIBITION AGAINST KNOWINGLY MANUF/SELL/DISTRIB FALSE IDENT DOCUMENT PROSTITUTION
16-11-41 42-5-18 16-6-8 16-13-1(C) 16-13-30(a) 16-13-30(a) 40-6-186 16-6-1 16-5-72 16-5-60(b) 16-5-60 40-6-390(a) 16-10-30 16-12-161 16-8-21 16-10-33 16-11-35 16-8-60 16-10-29 16-11-30 16-10-56 16-8-40 16-8-41 16-8-40.3 25-10-2 16-12-171 16-13-72 10-1-310 16-12-103 52-7-12.4 16-6-22.1
PUBLIC DRUNKENNESS PROVIDE CONTRABAND TO AN INMATE OF A PENAL INSTITUTION PUBLIC INDECENCY PURCHASE/OBTAIN DRUG RELATED OBJECTS BY MINOR PURCHASE/POSSESSION/CONTROL OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE PURCHASE/POSSESSION/CONTROL OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE RACING ON HIGHWAYS OR STREETS RAPE RECKLESS ABANDONMENT RECKLESS CONDUCT CAUSING BODILY HARM/ENDANGERMENT OF ANOTHER RECKLESS CONDUCT CAUSING BODILY HARM/ENDANGERMENT OF ANOTHER RECKLESS DRIVING REFUSAL TO OBEY OFFICIAL REQUEST AT FIRE/OTHER EMERGENCY REMOVAL OF BODY PARTS FROM SCENE OF DEATH/DISMEMBERMENT REMOVAL/ABANDONMENT OF SHOPPING CARTS REMOVAL/ATTEMPTED REMOVAL OF WEAPON FROM PUBLIC OFFICIAL REMOVAL/FAILURE TO LEAVE FROM CAMPUS/FAC OF UNIVERSITY SYSTEM/SCHOOL REPRODUCTION/TRANSFER/SALE OF RECORDED MATERIAL REQUEST FOR AMBULANCE SERVICE WHEN NOT REASONABLY NEEDED RIOT RIOT IN A PENAL INSTITUTION ROBBERY ROBBERY BY INTIMIDATION ROBBERY BY SUDDEN SNATCHING SALE OF FIREWORKS SALE/DISTRIB TO/POSS BY MINOR CIGARETTES/TOBACCO REL OBJECTS SALE/DISTRIBUTION/POSSESSION OF DANGEROUS DRUG SCALPING TICKETS FOR CERTAIN ATHLETIC CONTESTS/ENTERTAINMENT EVENTS SELL/LOAN/DISTRIBUTE/EXHIBIT PRINTED MATERIAL TO MINOR SERIOUS INJURY BY VESSEL SEXUAL BATTERY
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
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16-12-100 16-5-20 16-5-23 16-12-2 16-6-2 16-6-15 16-6-15 16-5-90 16-5-90 16-6-3 16-6-3 16-10-72 16-8-41 16-10-94 16-5-71 16-11-37 16-8-9 16-8-4 16-8-3 16-8-3 16-8-16 16-8-8 16-8-7 16-8-7 16-8-14 16-8-14 16-8-2 16-8-2 16-8-6 16-8-6 16-8-5 16-8-5 16-9-39 16-8-13 16-8-13 40-6-270 40-6-394 16-13-31 16-13-32.1 16-13-32.1 16-10-27 16-10-28 10-2-14 16-9-37(b) 16-9-37(a) 16-11-33 16-7-52 16-7-52 16-11-123 16-13-32.3 40-5-125 16-7-26
SEXUAL EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN SIMPLE ASSAULT SIMPLE BATTERY SMOKING IN PUBLIC PLACES SODOMY SOLICITATION OF SODOMY SOLICITATION OF SODOMY STALKING STALKING STATUTORY RAPE STATUTORY RAPE SUBORNATION OF PERJURY/FALSE SWEARING TAKING CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE FROM PHARMACY TAMPERING WITH EVIDENCE TATTOOING TERRORISTIC THREATS/ACTS THEFT BY BRINGING STOLEN PROPERTY INTO STATE THEFT BY CONVERSION THEFT BY DECEPTION THEFT BY DECEPTION THEFT BY EXTORTION THEFT BY RECEIVING PROPERTY STOLEN IN ANOTHER STATE THEFT BY RECEIVING STOLEN PROPERTY THEFT BY RECEIVING STOLEN PROPERTY THEFT BY SHOPLIFTING THEFT BY SHOPLIFTING THEFT BY TAKING THEFT BY TAKING THEFT OF LOST/MISLAID PROPERTY THEFT OF LOST/MISLAID PROPERTY THEFT OF SERVICES THEFT OF SERVICES THEFT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES THEFT OF TRADE SECRETS THEFT OF TRADE SECRETS TRAFFIC HIT-AND-RUN-DUTY OF DRIVER TO STOP AT/RETURN TO ACCIDENT TRAFFIC-SERIOUS INJURY BY VEHICLE TRAFFICKING IN COCAINE/ILLEGAL DRUGS/MARIJUANA /METHAMPHETAMINE TRANSACTIONS IN DRUG RELATED OBJECTS TRANSACTIONS IN DRUG RELATED OBJECTS TRANSMIT FALSE REPORT OF FIRE TRANSMITTING FALSE PUBLIC ALARM UNAUTHORIZED COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY-GA WORLD CONGRESS CENTER UNAUTHORIZED USE OF FINANCIAL TRANSACTION CARD UNAUTHORIZED USE-FINANCIAL TRANSACTION CARD UNLAWFUL ASSEMBLY UNLAWFUL DUMPING UNLAWFUL DUMPING UNLAWFUL POSSESSION OF FIREARMS/WEAPONS USE OF COMMUNICATION FACILITY TO VIOLATE VGCSA PROVISIONS USE OF FALSE NAME IN APPLICATION VANDALISM TO A PLACE OF WORSHIP
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
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40-6-393.1
VEHICULAR FETICIDE-1ST DEGREE
40-6-393(a)
VEHICULAR HOMICIDE-FIRST DEGREE
40-6-393(b)
VEHICULAR HOMICIDE-SECOND DEGREE
16-13
VGCSA
16-5-2
VOLUNTARY MANSLAUGHTER
16-11-38
WEARING MASK/HOOD/DEVICE WHICH CONCEALS IDENTITY OF WEARER
GA Code
Non-Offenses
Description
15-11-5 15-11-5 15-11-2.6 15-11-2-8 15-11-2.12(d) 3-3-22 3-3-23 37-3-1(4.b) 20-2-1180 15-11-2.12(e) 50-27-26 40-6-181 3-3-24 NA 20-2-766.1 15-11-2.12(g) 40-6-95 3-3-21.1 40-6-253 15-11-2.12 15-11-2.11 15-11-2.11 40-5-29 15-11-2.12(a) 15-11-2.12(b) 15-11-2.12 15-11-2.12(f) 15-11-2.12(f) 17-6-94 15-11-2(b) 15-11-2(b) 15-11-2(b) 15-11-2
CONTEMPT POWERS OF JUVENILE COURT CONTEMPT POWERS OF JUVENILE COURT DELINQUENCY DEPRIVED DESERTION OF RESIDENCE FURN ALCOHOLIC BEV TO INTOXICATED PERSON FURNISHING/PURCHASE/POSS OF ALCOHOL BY PERSONS UNDER 21 YEARS OF AGE INVOLUNTARY TREATMENT ACT LOITER UPON SCHOOL PREMISES/WITHIN A SCHOOL SAFETY ZONE LOITERING IN PUBLIC 12 AM-5 AM/CURFEW VIOLATION LOTTERY TICKET SALES TO MINORS MAXIMUM LIMITS-SPEEDING MINOR ENTERING A LIQUOR STORE ORDINANCE VIOLATION OTHER JURISDICTION PARENTS FAILURE TO COOPERATE WITH SCHOOL PATRONIZATION OF BAR W/ALCOHOL W/O PARENT OR GUARDIAN PEDESTRIAN UNDER INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL/DRUG POSSESSION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES ON THE GROUNDS OF A PUBLIC SCHOOL POSSESSION OF OPEN CONTAINER OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE WHILE OPERATING VEH REVOCATION OF PROBATION/SUPERVISION RUNAWAY-IN COUNTY RUNAWAY-OUT OF COUNTY OR STATE TRAFFIC VIOLATION TRUANCY UNGOVERNABLE UNRULY VIOLATION OF AFTERCARE VIOLATION OF ALTERNATE PLAN VIOLATION OF BOND/CONTEMPT OF COURT. VIOLATION OF PROBATION VIOLATION OF PROBATION VIOLATION OF PROBATION VIOLATION OF SUPERVISION
8 8 8 2 8 4
Oftype
6 4 6 6 6 2 2 4 4 6 4 7 4 4 4 6 4 2 7 10 6 6 7 6 6 6 10 10 4 10 10 10 10
F F M M F M
M/F
S M S s S M S M M S M M M M M S M M M S S S M S S S S S M S F M S
Program Recidivism Update for FY 1998 FY 2003
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REFERENCES
Florida DJJ, 2000 Outcome Evaluation Report. Florida DJJ, 2004 Outcome Evaluation Report, February 15, 2004. Florida DJJ, National Comparisons from State Recidivism Studies, Management Report No: 99-13, October 1999. Multi-Site Evaluation of Boot Camp Programs, Final Report. NCJRS Document No: 192011, January 17, 2002. Texas Criminal Justice Policy Council, Three-Year Recidivism Rate for Juvenile Offenders Released from the Texas Youth Commission (TYC), 2002.
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