Ceramic and structural clays and shales of Floyd County, Georgia

CERAMIC AND STRUCTURAL CLAYS AND SHALES OF
FLOYD COUNTY, GEORGIA
BRUCE J. O'CONNOR

DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION GEORGIA GEOLOGIC SURVEY

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INFORMATION CIRCULAR 68

COVER PHOTO: Floyd Shale (Mississippian) and clay at the former Griffin Pipe Products Co. clay pits (Smith Creek mine) approximately 5 miles west of Rome, near the Central of Georgia Railroad south of Huffaker Rd. (1 1/4 miles north of Ga. Hw. 20). This material is extensively used in the manufacture of brick and tile. (See location numbers Fl.31S-10, Fl.46-2, and Fl.57-ll for
tests on samples from this general area.)

CERAMIC AND STRUCTURAL CLAYS AND SHALES OF FLOYD COUNTY, GEORGIA
By Bruce J. O'Connor Senior Economic Geologist
Information Circular 68
GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES J. Leonard Ledbetter, Commissioner ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION
Harold F. Reheis, Assistant Director GEORGIA GEOLOGIC SURVEY
William H. McLemore, State Geologi~t
ATLANTA, GEORGIA 1986

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SUBJECT

Introduction . . . . .
Acknowledgements . . . Location of Study Area Explanation of Key Terms on the Ceramic Test and

Analyses Forms . .

. .

1. Absorption (%) . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. App. Por. (%) - Apparent Porosity, Percent

3. App. Sp. Gr. - Apparent Specific Gravity .

4. Bloating . . . . . . .

5. Bloating Test (or Quick Firing Test)

6. Bulk Density (or Bulk Dens.)
7. Color . . . . . . . 8. Color (Munsell) ... 9. Compilation Map Location No. 10. Cone . . . . . . 11. Drying Shrinkage .
12. Dry Strength

13. Extrusion Test

14. Firing Range

15. Hardness ...

16. Hardness (Mohs')

17. HC1 Effervescence

18. Linear Shrinkage, (%)

19. Modulus of Rupture (MOR) . 20. Mohs 1

21. Molding Behavior 22. Munsell .

23. "MW" face brick

24. PCE - Pyrometric Cone Equivalent 25. pH . . . . . . .

26. Plasticity .. .

27. Porosity, Apparent 28. Quick Firing . .

29. Saturation Coefficient

30. Shrinkage 31. Slaking . . . . . . 32. Slow Firing Test . 33. So1u-Br. (Solu-Bridge) . 34. Soluble Salts

35. Strength ...

36. "SW" face brick 37. Temp. F ( C) 38. Water of Plasticity (%)

39. Working Properties (or Workability)

Ceramic Tests and Analyses of Clays and Shales in Floyd County, Georgia .....

Data Sources and References Cited

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PAGE
1 3 4
12 13 13 15 16 16 17 17 17 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 21 22 22 23 23 23 23 23 24 24 25 25 25 25 25 26 26 27 28 29 29 29 29 30
31
235

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure 1 Plate 1

Location of Floyd County Report Area ......... .
Clay and Shale Test Locations in Floyd County ................................... . ... .

5 Pocket

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1

Active Clay and Shale Mines and Pits in Floyd

County, Georgia ..............................

6

Table 2

Summary of 20th Century Clay and Shale Mines

and Companies in Floyd County, Georgia ....... .

7

Table 3

Generalized Summary of Stratigraphic Units in

Floyd County, Northwest Georgia .............. .

9

Table 4

Abbreviations for Terms on the Ceramic Firing

Test Forms..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14

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INTRODUCTION

This report presents a compilation of all available published and

unpublished ceramic firing tests and related analytical data on samples

from Floyd County, Georgia. It provides information on mined and/or

undeveloped clays, shales and related materials; and is intended for

use by geologists, engineers and members of the general public. The

report should aid 1n the exploration for deposits of ceram1c raw

material with economic potential for future development.

This

information may also be of use to those who wish to obtain information

on the potential use of particular deposits at specific locations.

Tests by the U.S. Bureau of Mines, subsequently referred to as

USBM, were performed by the Norris Metallurgy Research Laboratory,

Norris, Tennessee and the Tuscaloosa Research Center, Tuscaloosa,

Alabama under cooperative agreements with the Georgia Geologic Survey

and its predecessors (i.e. , the Earth and Water Divis ion of the Ga.

Department of Natural Resources; the Department of Mines, Mining and

Geology; and the Geological Survey of Georgia). Many of the firing

tests were performed on samples collected by former staff members of

the Georgia Geologic Survey (and its predecessors) during several

uncompleted and unpublished studies. These include work by Bentley

(1964), Smith (1968?) and Tadkod (1980). Additional unpublished data

presented in this compilation include work by TVA (see Butts and

Gildersleeve, 1948, p. 124 and 125). Published data include studies by

the following authors: Spencer (1893, p. 217 to 287; chemical analyses

only), Veatch (1909, p. 272 to 388), Smith (1931, p. 241 to 276), and

Butts and Gildersleeve (1948, p. 124 and 125).

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Regardless of the source, all of the ceramic firing testing data presented in this report ate based on laboratory tests that are preliminary in nature and wili rtot suffice for plant or process design. They do not preclude the use of the materials in mixes (Liles and
Heystek, 1977, p. 5).
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author gratefully acknowledges the help of many individuals during the preparation of this report and the work of many who contributed to the earlier, unpublished studies included here. The cooperative work of the U.S. Bureau of Mines forms the main data base of this study. During the last several years Robert D. Thomson, Chief of the Eastern Field Operations Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was responsible for administering the funding of costs incurred by the USBM. Others in that office who helped coordinate the program were Charles T. Chislaghi and Bradford B. Williams. Since 1966 M.E. Tyrrell, H. Heystek, and A.V. Petty, Ceramic Engineers, and Kenneth J. Liles, Research Chemist, planned and supervised the test work done at the USBM Tuscaloosa Research Center in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Prior to 1966 this test work was supervised by ceramists H. Wilson, G.S. Skinner, T.A. Klinefelter, H.P. Hamlin and M. V. Denny at the former Norris Metallurgy Research Laboratory in Norris, Tennessee. Tests by the Tennessee Valley Authority were conducted under the supervision of H.S. Rankin and M.K. Banks at the Mineral Research Laboratory on the campus of North Carolina State College, Asheville, North Carolina, using samples collected by S.D. Broadhurst. Additional tests were conducted by professors W.C. Hansard, L. Mitchell, and J.F. Benzel at the Department of Ceramic Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia. The majority of the unpublished tests were performed on samples collected by former staff geologists of the Georgia Geologic Survey, predominantly by J.W. Smith, A.S. Furcron, R.D. Bentley, N.K. Olsen, D. Ray, M.A. Tadkod, and G. Peyton, assisted by C.W. Cressler of the U.S. Geological Survey. N.K. Olsen and C.W. Cressler also have
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provided the author with valuable advice and suggestions regarding sample locations and past studies. The advice and encouragement of my colleagues on the staff of the Georgia Geologic Survey ar~ greatly appreciated. However, the contents of this report and any errors of omission or commission therein are the sole responsibility of the author.
LOCATION OF STUDY AREA Floyd County is located at the southwestern corner of the Valley and Ridge province of northwest Georgia (Fig. 1). Fotlr companies are currently mining clay and shale in the county, and numerous operations have been active here in the past (Tables 1 and 2). The most abundant ceramic raw materials in the county are the shales and residual clays derived from the Floyd Shale and the Conasauga Group; however, other units such as the Rome, Red Mountain, Pennington and Gizzard Formations, as well as residual clays of the Knox Group, are locally well developed. The general nature of these and other geologic units which occur in the county are summarized on Table 3.
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Report Area- -

0 10 20 MILES
f-- I 1 I ...........J

0 10 20

KILOMETERS

FIGURE 1

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LOCATION OF FLOYD COUNTY REPORT AREA (after Cressler, and others, 1976)

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TABLE 1

Active Clay and Shale Mines and Pits in Floyd County, Georgia*

COMPANY CONTACT

USE(S) LOCATION OF MINE, PIT OR QUARRY GEOLOGIC AGE-FORMATION

Bickerstaff Clay Products Co., Inc.
P. 0. Box 1178 Columbus, GA 31993
R.E. Matheny Vice President, Production (205) 291-0930

Neill pit: 3-1/2 miles west of Rome, on south side of Huffaker Rd., west of Woods Rd., north and south of Central of Ga. RR., 2 miles north of Ga. Hwy. 20 (Permit #192)

Ceramic tile and brick. Mississippian-Floyd Shale.

Florida Tile Industries, Inc. Possum Trot mine: 3 miles

(Di vn. of Sike s Corp)

northwest of Rome, 1/2 mile

Shannon Plant, P.O. Box 962 north of Central of Ga. RR.,

Shannon, GA 30172

and Huffaker Rd. (Permit #714)

Ceramic tile. Mississippian-Floyd Shale.

John Smith Plant Manager (404) 232-5181 or: P. 0. Box 447 One Sikes Blvd. Lakeland, FL 33802
Warren E. Clegg, Exec. V.P. (813) 683-5431

Smith Creek mine: approximately 5 miles west of Rome, along Central of Ga. RR., 11/4 miles north of Ga. Hwy. 20, south of Huffaker Rd., west of Bickerstaff's Neill pit. (Per-
mit #736 - formerly operated by Griffin Pipe Products Co. of Milledgeville, Permit #052)

General Shale Products Corp. P. 0. Box 3547 Johnson City, TN 37602
Walker Banyas Vice President, Real Estate (615) 282-4661

Martin pit: 5 miles west of Rome city limits on south side of Southern RR., south of Ga. Hwy. 20, east of Ga. Kraft paper mill. (Permit # 014formerly operated by Chattahoochee Brick Co. of Atlanta)

Brick. Cambrian-Conasauga Group Shale.

Billy Cantrell Mining Superintendent (404) 799-0491

Jenkins Brick Co. 2620 Fisher Ave., NW. P. 0. Box 39188 Atlanta, GA 30318 (404) 794-4491
or: P.O.Box 91, Montgomery, AL 36101

Lavender pit: about 3 miles west of Rome, south side of Huffaker Rd., just east of Bickerstaff's Neill pit, along Central of Ga. RR. (Permit 4~567)

Brick. Mississippian-Floyd Shale.

Jim Shull, V.P. Production (205) 834-2210

*After Kline and O'Connor, 1981, p. 11.

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TABLE 2
Summary of 20th Century Clay and Shale Mines and Companies in Floyd County, Georgia

Atlanta Brick and Tile Co. (1892?), Rome: 1958, P. 5).

Common brick (Furcron,

Berry School Brick Plant (c. 1930), Rome pits: Common brick from Floyd Shale. Purchased from Romega Clay Products Co., c. 1930 (Smith, 1931, No. 5, p. 75; Butts & Gildersleeve, 1958, No. 82). Ceramic test: Fl. 31S-5 a and b.

*Bickerstaff Clay Products Co., Inc. (Columbus, 1970), Rome pits: Brick made from Floyd Shale bl ende d with other clay. Ceramic test: Fl. 77-1 and 80-2. 59 acres permitted.

*Chattahoochee Brick Co. (Atlanta, 1885), Rome pits: Brick made from Floyd Shale blended with other clays. Ceramic test: Fl. 31S-11 and Fl. 57-1 (Smith, 1931, No. 11, p. 94; Furcron, 1958, p. 5). (Purchased from B. M. Hood Co. ?) 14 acres permitted.

Crucial Fire Brick Company ( 1907), Rome plant and pits: Fire brick from bauxite and alluvial clays. Sold to' Romega Clay Products Co. before 1929 (Veatch, 1909, p. 422; Smith, 1931, No. 5, p. 75).

W. S. Dickey Clay Mfg. Co. 0915), Rome plant and pits: Sewer pipe from various blends of Floyd Shale and clay. Purchased from Morrison and Trammel Brick Co., 1915, closed c. 1928? (Smith, 1931, No. 6, p. 83). Ceramic test: Fl. 31S-6.

Dixie Brick Co. (Columbus, 1957?), Rome pits: Common brick (Furcron, 1958, p. 5).

Florida Tile Co., Sikes Corp. (Florida, 1980), Shannon plant and Possum Trot Mine pit (also own former pits of Griffin Pipe Products Co.): Ceramic tile from Floyd Shale. 85 acres permitted.

Griffin Pipe Products Co. (Milledgeville, 1908), Rome pits: Sewer pipe, flue lining, fire brick and drain tile from Floyd Shale blended with other clays at Milledgeville plant, Baldwin County, Ga. Purchased from Oconee Clay Products Co. (?) closed 1980. 76 acres permitted. Ceramic test: Fl. 80-4a to d.

B. Mifflin Hood Co. (1925), Rome plant and pits: Roofing tile from Conasauga Group shales blended with alluvial clay. Purchased from Rome Brick Co., 1925. Ceramic test: Fl. 31S-18a and b (Smith, 1931 , No. 18, p. 112)

*Jenkins Brick Co., Atlanta Brick and Tile Division, (Alabama, 1892, Rome pits: Brick from Floyd Shale. 43 acres permitted.

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TABLE 2. Summary of 20th Century Clay and Shale Mines and Companies in Floyd County, Georgia (continued)
Morrison & Trammel Brick Co (1906), Rome plant and pits: Building brick. Sold to W. S. Dickey in 1915. Ceramic test: Fl. 09V-8 alluvial clay (Veatch, 1909, p. 324; Smith, 1931, No. 6, p. 83).
Oconee Clay and Shale Products Co. (Milledgeville, 1929), Rome, Coosa and Bone pits: Structural and drain tile from Floyd Shale and clay blended with other clays at Milledgeville plant, Baldwin County, Ga. (Smith, 1931, No. 10, p. 93; Butts and Gildersleeve, 1948, No. 81; Furcron, 1958, p. 5). Sold to Griffin Pipe ? Ceramic test: Fl. 31S-8; 31S-10; 57-1 and 57-12.
Rome Brick Company 0895), Rome plant and pits: Common brick. Sold to B. M. Hood Co., 1925. Ceramic test: Fl. 31S-18 (Veatch, 1909, p. 325; Butts and Gildersleeve, 1948, No. 83?; Smith, 1931, No. 18, p. 112; Furcron, 1958, p. 5).
Romega Clay Products Co. (prior to 1929), Berry School plant and pits (Rome): Common brick and structural tile from Floyd Shale and residual clay. Acquired from Crucial (Fire) Brick Co., before 1919; sold to Berry School c. 1930 (Smith, 1931, No. 5, p. 75).
Stevens, Inc. (Stevens Pottery), Rome pits (Dean property): Sewer p1pe from Floyd Shale shipped to Stevens Pottery (Baldwin County, Ga.) and blended with other clays several years before 1926 (Smith, 1931, p. 84).
NOTE:
The majority of the information for the companies listed above was taken from the Mining Directories (Circular 2, 1st to 18th editions) published by the Georgia Geologic Survey and its predecessors at irregular intervals since 1937. Some additional information came from the "Georgia Surface Mining and Land Reclamation Activities" published annually since 1969 by the Georgia Surface Mined Land Reclamation Program (Environmental Protection Division, Ga. Dept. of Natural Resources). Additional sources of information were found in the references cited at the end of each entry. Uncertainty in the dates is due to incomplete records in the Survey's files.
* Active pit.
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TABLE 3

Generalized Summary of Stratigraphic Units Ln Floyd County, Northwest Georgia

CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC UNIT

STRATIGRAPHIC UNITS - THICKNESS AND ROCK TYPES l/

Quaternary (and Tertiary?)

* Various unnamed bodies of alluvial, colluvial and residual material. Largely clay and sand, but also, locally gravel and breccia.

Pennsylvanian

Gizzard Formation (or Group or Member) or Lookout Sandstone (or Formation) or Pottsvilre-Fermation - gray to tan shale, with interbedded siltstone, sandstone, coal and fire clay. Includes:
Signal Point Member (or Shale)- Approx. 360ft., shale with some coal; Warren Point Member (or Sandstone)- Approx. 140ft., conglomeratic sandstone with minor coal; and Raccoon Mtn. Member (or Formation) - Approx. 175 ft., shale with coal.

Mississippian

Pennington Formation (or Shale) - Approx. 100-300 ft., gray, green and red shale. Sandstone present in middle.
Bangor Limestone- Approx. 300-480 ft., fine- to coarse-grained gray limestone with interbedded shale at top.
**Floyd Shale- Approx. 100-2000 ft., silt and clay with some sandstone; limestone present at base. Approximate age-equivalent to Tuscambia Limestone and Monteagle Limestone.
Hartselle Formation (or Member or Sandstone) - Approx. 50-300 ft., thin- to thick-bedded sandstone.
Monteagle Limestone - Approx. 250 ft. Includes: Golconda Formation (or Limestone)- Approx. 15-20 ft., green fissile shale containing some thin limestone; Gasper Limestone - Approx. 150 ft., gray, non-cherty limestone; and Ste. Genevieve Limestone - ,Approx. 245ft., gray, limestone.
Tuscumbia Limestone - Approx. 125 ft. Includes: St. Louis Limestone- Approx. 125 ft., gray, very cherty limestone.
Fort Payne Formation (or Che~t) - Approx. 10-125 ft., thin- to thick-bedded chert and cherty limestone. Locally includes:
*Lavender Shale Member - Approx. 0-100 ft., shale, massive mudstone and impure limestone.

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TABLE 3

Generalized Summary of Stratigraphic Units 1n Floyd County, Northwest Georgia (continued)

CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC UNIT

STRATIGRAPHIC UNITS - THICKNESS AND ROCK TYPES l/

Devonian

~attanooga Shale - Approx. 5-10 ft., carbonaceous, fissile black shale.
Armuchee Chert- Approx. 50-150ft., thin- to thick-bedded chert.

Silurian

Red Mountain Formation (formerly Rockwood Formation). - Approx. 600-1200 ft., sandstone, red and green shale, with conglomerate, limestone and local hematitic iron ore.

Ordovician

Chickamauga Group (or Limestone)- Approx. 400ft., dominantly limestones with some dolostone and lesser shale, claystone,
siltstone, sandstone, anmd bentonite clay horizons. Equivalent, in part, to the Moccasin Limestone and Bays Formation and to the Rockmart Slate and Lenoir Limestone. Includes:
Ma ysville Formation and Trenton Limestone; Lowv i lle-Moccasin Li mes tone; Lebanon Limestone; and Murfreesboro Limestone.

Cambrian-Ordovician

(*)Knox Group - Approx. 2000-4000 ft., dominantly cherty dolostone, minor limestone. Includes: Newala Limestone- Approx. 300ft., limestone and dolostone; Longview Limestone - Approx. 350ft.; Chepultepec Dolomite- Approx. 800ft.; and Copper Ridge Dolomite - Approx. 2500 ft.

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TABLE 3

Generalized Summary of Stratigraphic Units 1n Floyd County, Northwest Georgia (continued)

CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC UNIT

STRATIGRAPHIC UNITS - THICKNESS AND ROCK TYPES lf

Cambrian

**Conasauga Group (or Formation) - Approx. 1500-2000 ft., predominantly shale and limestone with minor sandstone. Includes: "Upper Unit" = Nolichucky Shale - and Maryville Limestone? - Approx. 400-1600 ft.; "Middle Unit" = Rutledg~ Limestone and Rogersville Shale? - Approx. 200-400 f~.; and "Lower Unit" = Pumpkin Valley Shale and Honaker Dolomite? - Approx. 300-500 ft.
*Rome Formation- Approx. 500-1000 ft., shale, and interbedded sandstone, siltstone and quartzite.
Shady Dolomite (or Dolostone)- Approx. 30-100 ft., cherty gray dolomite limestone with minor shale. = "Beaver Limestone" of former usage.

NOTES:
* Some ceramic firing tests have been made on shales and clays of this unit.
(*) Same as the above, but for residual clays only. ** Numerous firing tests have been made on this unit.
1/ Descriptions based on data in Bergenback and others, 1980; Butts and Gildersleeve, 1948; Chowns, 1972, 1977; Chowns and McKinney, 1980; Crawford, 1983; Cressler 1963, 1964a and b, 1970, 1974; Cressler and others, 1979; Croft, 1964; Georgia Geologic Survey, 1976; Gillespie and Crawford, in press; Thomas and Cramer, 1979.

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EXPLANATION OF KEY TERMS ON THE CERAMIC TEST AND ANALYSES FORMS
The test data and analyses which are presented here were compiled on a set of standardized forms (Ceramic Tests and Analyses) in the most concise manner consistent with the various laboratories represented. These forms are modified 1n large part after those used by the Pennsylvania Geological Survey (e.g., O'Neill and Barnes, 1979, 1981).
It should be noted that, although the great majority of these tests were performed by the USBM, it was decided not to reproduce their data forms directly for several reasons. First, the USBM forms contain several entries which are not essential to this project (e.g., Date received) or do not make the most efficient use of space. Second, the USBM forms have been changed several times over the span of decades covered by the present compilation. Finally, investigators from other laboratories have reported parameters which were not measured by the USBM.
The paragraphs which follow briefly describe, 1n alphabetical order, the more critical entries on the forms, the nature of the lnformation included and, where possible, the various factors and implications to be considered in their interpretation. Many of the particular comments here are based on descriptive information published in the following sources. Tests by Georgia Geologic Survey authors are described in Veatch (1909, p. 50 to 64) and in Smith (1931, p. 19 to 25), while the particulars of the USBM studies are given in Klinefelter and Hamlin (1957, especially p. 5 to 41) and in Liles and Heystek ( 1977, especially p. 2 to 16). The discuss ions which follow are not intended to be exhaustive but are merely meant to remind the reader,
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and potential user, of the key aspects of the information presented.

Various technical texts and reports should be consulted for more

detailed information (e.g., Clews, 1969; Grimshaw, 1972; Jones and

Beard, 1972; Norton, 1942; Patterson and Murray, 1983).

The

abbreviations used on these test forms are defined in Table 4.

1. Absorption (%) The absorption ~s a measure of the amount of water absorbed by
open pores ~n the fired specimen and ~s g~ven as a percentage of the specimen's dry weight. For slow firing tests, it ~s measured on fired specimens which have been boiled in water for 2 to 5 hours and then kept immersed ~n the water for up to 24 hours while cooling (Smith, 1931, p. 22; Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 27-28; Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 3). For the quick firing tests, however, the specimens are not boiled but only cooled and then immersed in water for 24 hours (Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 4).
The absorption gives an indication of the amount of moisture.which may be absorbed and subject to destructive freezing ~n outdoor structures. Less than 22% absorption is considered promising for slow-fired materials.

2. Appr. Por. (%) - Apparent Porosity, Percent The apparent porosity ~s a measure of the amount of open pore
space ~n the fired sample, relative to its bulk volume, and is expressed as a percent. As in the case of absorption values, it ~s based on the weight and volume of the specimen which has been boiled in water for 2 to 5 hours and then kept immersed in water for several hours as it cools (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 27 to 28; Liles and Heystek,

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TABLE 4
Abbreviations for Terms on the Ceramic Firing Test Forms ABBREVIATIONS
Appr. Por. = Apparent Porosity App. Sp. Gr. = Apparent Specific Gravity
Btw. = Bartow County
C = Degrees Celsius Ct. = Catoosa County Cht. = Chattooga County
Dd. = Dade County Dist. =District
DTA = Differential Thermal Analysis
E. East F Degrees Fahrenheit Fl. = Floyd County
g/cm3 = Grams per cubic centimeter
Gdn. Gordon County
Lab. & No. = Laboratory (name) and number (assigned in laboratory)
Lat. =Latitude LOI = Loss on Ignition Long. = Longitude lb/in2 = Pounds per square inch
lb/ft3 = Pounds per cubic foot
Mry. Murray County
N. = North NE. =Northeast NW. = Northwest org. = Organic
Plk. = Polk County
S. = South SE. = Southeast SW. = Southwest Sec. = Section
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Table 4. Abbreviations for Terms on the Ceramic Firing Test Forms (continued)
7 1/2' topo. quad. = 7 and 1/2 minute topographic quadrangle Temp. = Temperature
TVA = Tennessee Valley Authority USBM = U.S. Bureau of Mines
USGS = U.S. Geological Survey
W. =West
Wkr. = Walker County
Wf. =Whitfield County XRD = X-ray diffraction
1977, p. 3). The apparent porosity is an indication of the relative resistance to damage during freezing and thawing. Less than 20% apparent porosity is considered promising for slow-fired materials (O'Neill and Barnes, 1979, p. 14, Fig. 4).
3. App. Sp. Gr. - Apparent Specific Gravity As reported ~n earlier USBM studies, the apparent specific gravity
is. a measure of the specific gravity of that portion of the test specimen that is impervious to water. This ~s determined by boiling the sample in water for 2 hours and soaking it in water overnight or 24 hours (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 27 to 28). These data were replaced by bulk density and apparent porosity measurements after the USBM moved its laboratories from Norris, Tennessee to Tuscaloosa, Alabama in 1965.
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4. Bloating Bloating 1s the term given to the process in which clay or shale
fragments expand (commonly two or more times their original volume) during rapid firing. It results from the entrapment of gases which are released from the minerals during firing but which do not escape from the body of the host fragment due to the viscosity of the host at that temperature. Bloatirtg is a desirable and essential property for the production of expanded lightweight aggregate where an artificial pumice or scoria 1s produced. Expanded lightweight aggregate has the advantages of light weight and high strength compared to conventional crushed stone aggregate. Bloating is not desirable, however, in making other structural clay products such as brick, tile and sewer pipe where the dimensional characteristics must be carefully controlled. In these cases bloating is extremely deleterious s1nce it leads to variable and uncontrollable warping, expansion and general disruption of the fired clay body (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 39-41).
5. Bloating Test (or Quick Firing Test) The Bloating Test refers to the process of rapidly firing (or
"burning") the raw sample in a pre-heated furnace or kiln to determine its bloating characteristics for possible use as a lightweight aggregate. Although specific details of the different laboratory methods vary, all use several fragments of the dried clay or shale placed in a refractory plaque (or 11boat 11 ) which in turn is placed in the pre-heated furnace for 15 minutes (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 41; Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 4).
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6. Bulk Density (or Bulk Dens.) The bulk density is a measure of the overall density of the fired
specimen based on its dry weight divided by its volume (including pores). Determinations are the same for slow firing and quick firing test samples, although for the latter the results are given in pounds per cubic inch as well as grams per cubic centimeter units (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 27 to 28 and 41; Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 3 and 4). If quick-fired material yields a bulk density of less than 62.4 lb/ft3 (or if the material floats in water), it 1.s considered prom1.s1.ng for lightweight aggregate (K. Liles, oral communication, 1984).
7. Color The color of the unfired material, unless otherwise stated, repre-
sents the crushed and ground clay or shale. In most cases this 1s given for descriptive purposes only s1nce it 1s generally of no practical importance for ceramic applications (only the fired color 1s significant). Here only broad descriptive terms such as light-brown, cream, gray, tan, etc. are used. Fired colors are more critical and therefore more specific descriptive terms and phrases are used (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 18 and 19). In many cases the Munsell color 1.s g1.ven for a precise description (see discussion below).
8. Color (Munsell) This is a system of color classification based on hue, value (or
brightness) and chroma (or purity) as applied to the fired samples in this compilation. It W<JS used by Smith (1931, p. 23-25) and by the
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USBM since the early 1970's (Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 3; Liles, oral communication, 1982). In all other cases the fired color was estimated visually.

9. Compilation Map Location No. This number or code was assigned by the author to p~ovide ~ syste-
matic designation to be used in plotting sample locatioQs on the bqse maps as shown by the typical example below.

Example:

Map Locn. No .

County Name - Abbreviation (Floyd)

Fl. 31 S - 7 a
l

Date (1931) .

Author's last initial (Smith) -for published data only

Sample se quence number (one it per loc ation).

De signa tion used only for cases of more than one test per location.

The map location number Fl. 31S-7a 1s derived from the couqty qame (e.g., Fl. for Floyd County), the year the tests were performed (e.g., 31 for 1931) plus the last initial of the author for major published sources (e.g., S for Smith), followed by a sequence nu!llber assigned in chronological order or sequential order for published data. (The only exceptions to this are the tests reported in Smith, 1931, wherein the sequence number of the present report 1s the same as the "Map location No." of Smith.) Each map location number represents a

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specific location, or area, sampled at a particular time. In cases where several separate samples were collected from a relatively restricted area, such as an individual property, such samples are designated a, b, c, etc. Different map location numbers have been assigned to samples which were collected from the same general locality, such as a pit or quarry, but which were collec~ed by different investigators at different times.
10. Cone Standard pyrometric cones, or cones, are a pyrometric measure of
firing temperature and time in the kiln. They are small, three-sided pyramids made of ceramic materials compounded 1n a series, so as to soften or deform 1n progress1on with increasing temperature and/or time of heating. Thus, they do not measure a specific temperature, but rather the combined effect of temperature, time, and other conditions of the firing treatment. The entire series of cones ranges from about 1ll2F (600C) to about 3632F (2000C) with an average interval of about 20C between cones for a constant, slow rate of heating (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 29). For the past several decades the use of these cones has been limited to the Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE) test (Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 16). However, all of the ceramic firing tests reported by Veatch (1909) and Smith (1931) as well as some of the earliest USBM tests report firing conditions in terms of the standard cone numbers.
11. Drying Shrinkage The drying shrinkage 1s a measure of the relative amount of
shrinkage (in percent) which the tempered and molded material undergoes
-19-

upon drying. Although there are a variety of ways by which this can be measured, 1n this report the shrinkage values represent the percent linear shrinkage based on the linear distance measured between two reference marks or lines imprinted on the plastic specimen before drying. Even though the methods have vaded in detail, the drying is usually accomplished in two stages: first, by air drying at room temperature (usually for 24 hours) and second, by drying in an oven followed by cooling to room temperature in a desiccator (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 30-31; Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 3). In most cases the heating was at 2l2F (l00C) for 24 hours; however, studies by Smith (1931, p. 20 and 21) employed 167F (75C) for 5 hours followed by 230F (ll0C) for 3 hours.
12. Dry Strength The dry strength (or green strength) is a measure of the appar-
ent strength of the clay or shale after it has been molded and dried. Unless otherwise indicated, it represents the tranverse, or crossbreaking, strength as opposed to either tensile strength or compressive strength. For the great majority of cases only the approximate dry strength is indicated as determined by visual inspection, using such terms as low, fair, good, or high (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 32-33; Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 2). Smith (1931, p. 12-13) reports a quantitative measurement of this strength using the modulus oE rupture (MOR) expressed in units of pounds per square inch (psi).
13 . Extrusion Test
. . More extensive tests are sometimes made on clays and shales which
-20-

show good plasticity and long firing range 1n the preliminary test. In the Extrusion Test several ~ars are formed 11sing a de-airing extrusion machine (i.e., one which operates with a vacuum to remove all possible air pockets). These bars are fired and tested for shrinkage, strength (modulus of rupture) and water saturation coefficient (Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 8).
14. Firing Range The term firing range indicates the temperature interval over
which the material shows favorable firing characteristics. For slowfired materials such desirable qualities include: a) good strength or hardness; b) good color; c) low shrinkage; d) low absorption; and e) low porosity. For quick-fired materials these include: a) good pore structure; b) low absorption; and c) low bulk density. For slow-firing and quick-firing tests the firing range should be at least 100F (55C) to be considered promising (O'Neill and Barnes, 1979, p. 15-18).
15. Hardness The hardness, as measured on fired materials, indicates the
resistance to abrasion or scratching. It is designated either in verbal, descriptive terms or 1n numerical terms using Mohs' hardness (Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 3). It is used as an indication of the strength of the fired materials. Smith (1931), however, measured the fired strength with the modulus of rupture.
16. Hardness (Mohs') The hardness of fired specimens us1ng the Mohs' scale of hardness
-21-

1s currently used by the USBM as a numerical measure of the fired bodies 1 strength (Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 3). The values correspond to the hardness of the following reference minerals:

Mohs 1 Hardness No . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10

Reference Minerals Talc Gypsum Calcite Fluorite Apatite Orthoclase Quartz Topaz Corundum Diamond

A Mohs 1 hardness greater than 3 1s considered promising for slow-

fired materials.

17. HCl Effervescence The effervescence 1n HCl is visually determined as none, slight or
high based on the reaction of 10 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid added to a slurry of 10 grams powdered clay or shale (minus 20 mesh) in 100 ml of water (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 17; Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 4). This test gives a general indication of the amount of calcium carbonate present in the sample. An appreciable effervescence could be an indication of potential problems with lime pops and/or frothing of slow-fired ceramic products.

18. Linear Shrinkage, (%) The term linear shrinkage represents the relative shrinkage of the
clay body after firing. In most cases it represents the percent total linear shrinkage from the plastic state and is based on measurements

-22-

between a pa1r of standard reference marks imprinted just after molding (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 30-32; Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 3). (Also see the discussion under Drying Shrinkage.) Smith (1931, p. 22) g1ves the shrinkage relative to both the dry, or green, state (under the column headed Dry) as well as the plastic state (under the column headed Plastic). A total shrinkage of 10% or less is considered promising for slow-fired materials.
19. Modulus of Rupture (MOR) The modulus of rupture is a measure of the strength of materials
(for crossbreaking or transverse strength 1n this compilation) based on the breakage force, the distance over which the force was applied and the width and thickness of the sample. The MOR is expressed in ps1 units (pounds per square inch) for the limited MOR data reported here (determined by Smith, 1931, p. 21 and 23).
20. Mohs' See Hardness (Mohs').
21. Molding Behavior See Working Properties.
22. Munsell See Color (Munsell).
23. "MW" face brick "MW" stands for moderate weather conditions. Thi$ is a grade of
brick suitable for use under conditions where a moderate, non-uniform
-23-

degree of frost action 1s probable (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 36 and 37; ASTM Annual Book of Standards, 1974). (Also see "SW" face brick.)

24. PCE - Pyrometric Cone Equivalent

The PCE test measures t~e relative refractoriness, or temperature

resistance, of the clay or shale; it is indicated in terms of standard

pyrometric cones. The value given is the number of the standard pyro-

metric cone which softens a~d sags (or falls) at the same temperature

as a cone made from the clay or shale being studied. These tests are

usually only made on refractory materials which show favorable poten-

tial in the preliminary slow firing tests (i.e., high absorption, low

shrinkage, and light fired color). The results are usually given for

the upper temperature range Cone 12 (1337C; 2439F) to Cone 42

(2015C; 3659F) where the temperature equivalents are based on a heat-

ing rate of

per hour. With 1. ncreas1.ng temperature

resistance the sample is designated as either a low-duty, medium-duty,

high-duty, or super-duty fire clay (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p.

29-30 and 57-58; Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 16).

25. pH The pH is a measure of the relative acidity or alkalinity with
values ranging from 0 to 14. (A pH of 7 is neutral. Values greater than this are alkaline whereas those which are less than 7 are acid.) Most of the ceramic tests by the USBM presented here show pH values as determined on the crushed and powdered raw material (in a water slurry) prior to firing (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 28; Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 4).

-24-

Strongly acid or alkaline pH values may g1Ve some indication of potential problems with efflorescence and scum due to water-soluble salts in the clay. Unfortunately, no simple and direct interpretation is possible from the pH data alone. The best method for determining these salts is through direct chemical analysis as described under Soluble Salts. (Also see Solu-Br.)
26. Plasticity See Working Properties.
27. Porosity, Apparent See App. Per.
28. Quick Firing See Bloating Test.
29. Saturation Coefficient The saturation coefficient 1s determined only for specimens which
have undergone the more extensive Extrusion Test. It is determined by submerging the fired specimen in cool water for 24 hours, followed by submerging the specimen in boiling water for 5 hours. The saturation coefficient is found by dividing the percent of water absorbed after boiling into the percent of water absorbed after the 24-hour submergence (Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 8).
30. Shrinkage See Drying Shrinkage and Linear Shrinkage.
-25-

31. Slaking See Working Properties.
32. Slow Firing Test Slow Firing Test refers to the process of firing ("burning") the
dried specimen 1n a laboratory furnace or kiln. Although specific details of the different laboratory methods vary, all specimens are started at room temperature and are slowly heated to the desired temperature over a specific interval of time.
The majority of the slow firing tests by the USBM reported here were made using 15-minute draw trials. In this method a set of molded and dried test specimens are slowly fired in the kiln or furnace. The temperature is gradually raised to 1800F (982C) over a period of 3 to 4 hours (to avoid disintegration of the specimen as the chemically combined water is released) and the temperature is held constant for about 15 minutes. One specimen 1s removed from the kiln (a draw trial) and the temperature 1s raised to the next level (usually 1n intervals of 100F). At each interval the temperature is again held constant for a 15-minute soak and then one specimen 1s withdrawn. This process 1s repeated until the final temperature is achieved (usually 2300 or 2400F; 1260 or 13l6C) - see Klinefelter and Hamlin (1957, p. 19 and 30). The disadvantage of this draw trial method is that it tends to underfire the specimens, compared to the industrial process, since they are soaked for a relatively short time and quickly cooled by removal from the kiln.
Since the early 1970's the USBM has abandoned the draw trials and has adopted a method which more closely resembles the conditions of
-26-

commercial manufacture. As described by Liles and Heystek (1977, p. 2 and 3), one of the test specimens 1s slowly fired, over 24 hours, to 1832oF ( 1000C), where it is held for a one-hour soa\<.. Th~i;! kiln 1s then turned off, but the specimen remains in the kiln as it slowly cools. (This gives a much closer approximation of most commercial firing processes.) This is subsequently repeated, one specimen at a time, for successive 50C intervals usually up to 2282F (1250C). Unfortunately, only a relatively small part of the current data set 1s represented by USBM tests using this newer method.
The firing test methods used by Smith (1931, p. 21 and 22.) are somewhat intermediate to the two methods described above. First, the specimens were slowly fired from 200 to 1200F ( 93 to 649C) over a period of 11 hours. The temperature was subsequently increased at a rate of 200F per hour for approximately 4 hours followed by 100F per hour until final temperature conditions were reached. At these later stages firing conditions were monitored using standard pyrometric cones 1n the kiln. The maximum firing temperature was determined from observed pyrometric cone behavior. This temperature was based on the temperature equivalent to 2 cones below the desired final cone. The kiln temperature was then held constant until the desired cone soaked down. Test specimens were then removed from the kiln and allowed to cool. Smith's firings averaged about 17 hours 1n the kiln and all specimens were fired to cones 06, 04, 02, 1, 3 and S wherever possible. No specific information is available on the methods employed by Veatch (1909) or the unpublished data from TVA or Georgia Tech.
33. Solu-Br. (Solu-Bridge) Solu-Bridge measurements were used 1n the 1950's and 60's by the
-27-

USBM as a measure of the soluble salts (e.g., calcium sulfate) 1n the unfired raw material which might cause scum and efflorescence on fired products. "The solubridge and pH readings show the higher alkali samples. Solubridge determinations give the water soluble part of the
alkalis and readings above 1.5 indicate fairly high soluble salt
content. Clays containing high alkalies have rather short maturing temperatures and require closer firing control. The alkalis also
influence the color and lower the vitrification temperature 11 (H.P. Hamlin, written communication, 1957). In this method the pulverized
clay or shale is boiled 1n water, left to stand overnight, and filtered. The content of soluble salts in the solution 1s then measured using the Solu-Bridge instrument readings applied to suitable
calibration tables (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 28-29). These
data are no longer collected because consistent and meaningful results are difficult to achieve.
34. Soluble Salts Excessive water-soluble salts can cause problems with efflores-
cence or scum on fired clay products. (More than 3 to 4% calcium
sulfate, and 1/2% magnesium or alkali sulfates are considered exces-
sive.) The most accurate determinative method 1s to boil the finely
powdered sample in distilled water for 1/2 to 1 hour and let it soak
overnight. The decanted solution 1s then analyzed for the soluble salts using standard chemical methods. The Solu-Bridge readings may also be used as a general measure of the soluble salts (Klinefelter and
Hamlin, 1957, p. 28).
-28-

35. Strength See Dry Strength and Modulus of Rupture.
36. "SW" face brick "SW" stands for severe weather conditions. This 1s a grade of
brick suitable for use under conditions where a high degree of frost action is probable (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 36 and 37, and theASTM Annual Book of Standard~, 1974). (Also see "MW" face brick.)
37. Temp. F (C) The temperature at which the material was fired (both slow and
quick firing tests) is given in Fahrenheit (F) followed by the Celsius ( C) conversion in parentheses. In cases where only pyrometric cone values are available, the approximate temperature is given on the form and is based on the table of temperature equivalents in Norton (1942, p. 756, Table 128) or in Veatch (1909, p. 57).
38. Water of Plasticity (%)
This is a measure of the amount of water (as weight percent relative to the dry material) required to temper the pulverized raw clay or shale into a plastic, workable consistency. This is not a precise ~easurement, being dependent upon the experience of the technician, the type of equipment used and the plasticity criteria. In most cases it represents the amount of water necessary for the material to be extruded into briquettes from a laboratory hydraulic ram press. In general, high water of plasticity values tends to correlate with a greater degree of workability, higher plasticity and finer grain size. Unfortunately, high values also correlate with a greater degree of shrinkage,
-29-

warping and cracking of the material upon drying. (See Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 20-22; Liles and Heystek, 1977, p. 2.)
39. Working Properties (or Workability) This area of working properties includes comments on the slaking,
plasticity, and molding, or extruding behavior of the tempered material (Klinefelter and Hamlin, 1957, p. 5, 19-22 and 33-34). The term slaking refers to the disintegration of the dry material when immersed in water. It may range in time from less than a minute to weeks, but generally in the present report it is given only a relative designation such as rapid, slow, or with difficulty. Plasticity likewise is designated in a comparative manner in order of decreasing plasticity: plastic, fat (or sticky), semiplastic, short (or lean), semiflint and flint. Molding behavior is referred to as good, fair, or poor and 1s a general designation for the ease with which the material can be molded into test bars or briquettes.
These working properties are very imprecise and strongly dependent upon the judgement and experience of the operator. They do, however, g1ve a general indication of how the material might respond to handling in the industrial process.
-30-

Ceramic Tests and Analyses of Clays and Shales
in Floyd County, Georgia *
* The data presented in this report are based on laboratory tests
that are preliminary in nature and will not suffice for plant or process design.
-31-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material --~C_l_a~y~~b~a_u~x_i~t~i~c~ ----------------- Compilation Map Location No. Fl.09V-l

County

Floyd

Raw Properties:

Sample Number ---------------
Lab & No. Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date Reported 1909

Ceramist 0. Veatch, Ga. Geol. Survey.

--~~-------------

Water of Plasticity ___________%Working Propertiea Very poor plasticity.

Color White or mottled .

Drying Shrinkage --------2-% Dry St~ength (tensile) Low.

Slow Firing Tests:

Aprox. Temp.
OF
CO c)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

2210

White Soft

4.7

(1210)

(Cone 4)

2534

White Soft,

5.5

(1390) (Cone 13)

friable

3362

White

(1850)

(Cone 36)

Unfused

Remarks / Other Tests It "should be suitable for high gr ade fire brick. The only
common fluxing imp urity is a small pe rcentage of iron." (Veatch, 1909, p. 266).
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-32-

locn. no. Fl.09V-l , cdnt.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size ------------ Retention Time --------------
Ch emi ca l & Mineral og ical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Sio 2
TAFeil 022oo2 33
FeO MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K20
Pz05
s c

(total) (org.)

HCO2oz -
H2o+ Ignition
loss Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Da t e -------------
Me thod ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

Coun t y ____F_l_o~y~d_.________ Land Lot 103

Sec. 3

Dist. 23

7 l/2' topo quad. Shannon (cntr.)

Lat.

Long .

Field No.

Collected by 0. Veatch

Date c . l909.

Sample Method Grab(?).

Heathering/alteration Residual(?) clay.

Structural Attitude ---------------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Eocene(?) residual clay. ~~~~~~~~~--~~~--------------------------
Sample Description & Cormnents Sample of soft, "lean" white or mottled bauxitic clay from an ope n pit 35 ft. or more deep at the "103" mine of the Re pub li c Minin g & Manu f acturin g Company, He~itage District, 5 mi . NE. of Rome (Veatch, 1909, p. 265266). (Also in Watson, 1904, p.66 and White and others, 1966, Plate 1.)

Compiled by B.J. O'Connor

Date

11-29-82

-33-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Bauxite (low grade).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.09V-2

County floyd
~~~-------------------

Raw Properties:

Lab & No.

Sample Number Ga . Geol. Survey, #44.

Date Reported --1-9-0-9-.------------- Cerami~t 0. Veatch, Ga. Geol. Survey.

------- Water of Plasticity

% Working Properties

---------- Color Iron-stained. Drying Shrinkage

% Pry Strength ----------------

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF
(oC)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

3362 (1850) (Cone 36)

Unfused

Remarks / Other Tests This material "would probably have to be calcined before it could be successfully burned." (Veatch, 1909, p. 266).
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-34-

locn. no. Fl.09V-2 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size ------------ Retention Time --------------

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

41.20

Ti02
Al203 Fe203 FeO

(total)

1. 95 38.60
1.45

MnO

MgO

0.30

CaO
Na 2o
K20

0.02 0.09

P205
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
H2 o-
H2o+

0.35 16.35

Ignition

loss

Total

100.31

("kaolin" sample from same Land Lot, but exact location

unknown)

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

Analyst (in Spencer, 1893, p. 281; and 1n Veatch, 1909, p. 266 and Appendix B, No. 44, p. 412-413.)

Date 1893.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot 21 (N. 1/2).

----~-----------

7 l/2' topo quad. Shannon (NE. 1/4) . Lat.

Sec. __3__,

Dist. 23 Long .

Field No. Sample Method

Grab(?)

Collected by ~S~p~e~n~c~e~r--~---- Date c.l893

and Veatch

and c.l909.

Weathering/alteration Residual(?).

Structural Attitude ---------------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Eocene(?) residual clay.

Sample Description & Comments Sample of hard, iron-stained low gr ade bauxite
collected b Veatch (1909, 266) from near the old Stock age Bank mi ne. The chemic al
analy sis i s from a wh i te clay taken from this same Land Lot Spencer, 189 3, p. 281 .
(A l so de scribe d in Watson, 1904, p. 68-69 and White and others, l966, Pl ate 1.)

Compiled by B.J. O'Connor

Date -----1-1---2-9---8-2--------35-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Clay , bauxitic.

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.09V-3

----~~----------------------------

County

Floyd.

Sample Number - - -- - -- - -

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date Reported 1909

Ceramist

--~~-------------

O, V~atch 1 _ Ga. Geol. Survey.

Water of Plasticity

%Working Properties Poor plastic~ty, lean, granular.

Color Pinkish,

brying Shrinkage

% Dry Sttertgth ___L_o_w_~------

mottled.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF
(oC)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

3362 (1850) (Cone 36)

Unfused

Remarks I Other Tests This "should be suitable for basic fire-brick," although it
would have to be calcined first (Veatch, 1909, p. 266-267) .
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-36-

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

locn. no. Fl.09V-3 , cont.

Particle Size ------------ Retention Time --------------
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: (On similar clay from the Church Bank.)

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Sio2
ATil02o23
Fe 203 FeO

(total)

20.46 9.82
46.92
0.28

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20

P205
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
HH22oo+-
Ignition

0.34 21.68

loss

Total

99.50

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

Analyst T. L. Watson, Ga. Geol. Survey (1904, Bull. 11, p.65) on soft, structureless bauxit i c clay matrix to the bauxite ore.

Date c.l904.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County __F_l_o..:..y_d_._ _ __ Land Lot 61

Sec.

3

(Watson , 1904, p . 61-63)

7 1/2' topo quad. Shannon (NE. 1/4) . Lat.

Dist. 23 . Long.

Field No. Sample Method Grab(?.)

Collected by Watson and Veatch Date c. 1904 c. 1909
Weathering/alteration Residual(?) clay.

Structural Attitude -------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignmen~ Eocene(?) residual clay.

Sample Description & Comments Sample from the Holland Hill mine, Hermitage District, collected by Veatch (1909, p. 266-267) who re f ers to white, le an and granular bauxi t i c clays from this and nearby mines: "The clays are soft, or pinkish, and mottled, poorly plastic, and have low air dried strength." The ch emi cal ana l ysis is on similar material fr om the nearby Church Bank mine
(Watson, 1904, P 65). (Also White and others, 1966, Pl 1.)

Compiled by B.J. O'Connor

Date 11-29-82
--~--~----------
-37-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Clay, bauxitic.

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.09V-4

----~~----------------------------

County

Floyd.

Sample Number ----------------

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Geol. Survey, #42.

Date Reported 1909

Ceramist

----~~-----------

0. Veatch, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Water of Plasticity

40 % Working Properties Very little plasticity.

Slakes into small granules .

Color Faint pinkish Drying Shrinkage

5.4 % Dry Strength (tensile) 12 psi.

to cream.

Remarks Specific Gravity: 2.45

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF
(oC)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

Appr. Por. %

Other data:
Remarks

2210

Pure

Not steel

3.8

(1210)

white

hard

(Cone 4)

Cracked, very friable.

2390

Pure

Not steel

9.5

(1310)

white

hard

(Cone 9)

Cracked, friable.

2462

White

(1350)

(Cone ll)

Cracked to p1eces.

2642

Slight

(1450)

cream

(Cone 16)

Steel hard, 16.3 not vitrified

:J362 :1850) 1Cone 36)

Unfused

Remarks I Other Tests PCE: Higher than Cone 36. It is a very high grade refractory
clay , but it would have to be calcined before firing because of its cracking (Veatch , 1909, p. 26 8).

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-38-

locn. no. Fl.09V-4 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfireq material)

Particle Size ------------ Retention Time --------------
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight i.

Si02

25.83

Ti02

Al Fe

22o033

FeO

2.53 48.22
0.85

MnO

0.00

MgO

0.18

CaO

0.00

Na20

0.15

K20
P205
s c

(total) (org.)

0.19 0.00 0.00

C02
HH22oo+-
Ignition

0.24 21.77

loss

Total

99.96

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar
Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey (in Veatch, 1909, p. 268; and Appendix B, p.412-
413, No. 42- erroneously listed as "Walters Mine''). Date c.1 909

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County ___F_l_o..._y_d_._ _ __ Land Lot 147

Sec. 3

Dist. 23

(Watson, 1904, p.72-74)

7 1/2' tapa quad. Shannon (SW. 1/4)

Lat.

Long.

Field No.

Collected by 0. Veatch

Date c.l909.

Sample Method ---G-r-a-b'-(-?')-----

Weathering/alteration Residual(?) clay.

Structural Attitude -----------------------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Eocene(?) residual clay.

Sample Description & Comments Sample from the south pit of the National Bauxite Company ("Watters Bank", Hermitage District) 5 mi. NE. of Rome, about 1 1/2 mi. E. of Berwin station, Southern RR. The clay ranges f rom cream and pink to hi gh ly colored with more or less disseminated bauxite. The sample is fine-grained, fr ee of sand and bauxite pisolites, but tends to cr umble into small angular lumps (Veatch, 1909, p. 267-269). This deposit also described by Watson (1904, p. 72 74) and White and ot hers (1966, Pl. 1).

Compiled by B.J. O'Connor

Date ---1-1---2-9---8-2----------
-39-

CERru~IC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Clay (bauxitic?).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.09V-5

----~--~~~~~~----------------

County

Floyd.

Sample Number ----------------

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. __~G~a~~G~e~o~l~~S~u~r~v~e~y~1~#~4~3~-----------------

Date Reported --~1~9~0~9___________ Ceramist

0. Veatch, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Water of Plasticity ____________% Working Properties Plasticity - fair.

Color White.

Drying Shrinkage ------~3~.~ 5 % Dry Strength (tensile) Very low .

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF
(oC)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

Appr. Por. %

Other data:
Remarks

2210

White

Soft

6.6

(1210)

(Cone 4)

Cracked.

2606

White

(1430)

(Cone 15)

14.8

Cracked.

Remarks I Other Tests Possibly suitable for making refractory products, but it
would have to be .calcined first to prevent cracking.
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-40-

locn. no. Fl.09V-5 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size - - - - - - Retention Time
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

37.06

Ti02

3.68

Al203 Fe 203 FeO

40.27 1. 57

MnO

MgO

0.18

GaO

trace

Na20

0.11

K20

0.15

P205
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
H2o-
H2o+

0.29

Ignition

loss

16 .60

Total

99.91

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey. (in Veatch, 1909, p. 269; and Appendix B,
p. 412-413, No. 43). Date c.1909

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County Flold

Land Lot 13 (?)' Sec.

3

. Dist. 22

7 1/2' topo quad. Cedartown East (N. edge) Lat,

and Rome South (S. edge).

Field No.

Collected by o. Veatch.

Long. Date c.1909.

Sample Method Grab (7)

Weathering/alteration Residual(?) clay.

Structural Attitude ------------------------------------- ---------
Stratigraphic Assignment Eocene(?) residual clal.

descr i bed by Watson (1904, p. 105-106, Minter Bank) and White and others (1966, Plate 2) .

Compiled by B.J. O'Connor

Date 11-29-82

-41-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Clay, alluvial.

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.09V-6

C~unty

Floyd.
----~------------------

Sample Number ---------------

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Geol.Survey.

Date Reported 1909

Ceramist 0. Veatch, Ga . Geol. Survey.

--~~----------

Water of Plasticity ___________% Working Properties Plastic, fine -grained.

Color Bluish.

Drying Shrinkage

8.2 % Dry Streng th (tensile) 221 psi.

Slow Firin g Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF (oC)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

Appr. Por. %

Other data:
Remarks

2210

Light

Steel

5.5

(1210)

yellow- hard

(Cone 4) buff

Not vitrified

2246

Very

2.5

(1230)

pale red

(Cone 5)

Remarks / Other Tests Could probably be used for dry press brick; possibly could be mixed with near by Cambrian shales to make vitrifi ed br i ck, but it is not sufficiently ref racto ry by i tself, to make vit r ified, fire-clay products. It was bl end ed with s andy c l a y by t he Morr i son-Trammel Brick Co. for making common b ui lding br icks (Veatch , 1909, p. 324- 325).
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-42-

locn. no. Fl.09V-6 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) - - - - -Particle Size - - -- -- Retent ior1 Time - - - - - - -
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

SiOz

TiOz

Al Fe

22oo33

FeO

MnO

MgO

CaD
Na 2o
KzO

PzOs
s c

(total) (org.)

COz
H2o-
H20+

Ignition

loss

Total

Analyst

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Date

Method

Sample Location Data:

County _ __:F:..:l:.:o;.o:y_d::..:- -- - Land Lot 7 1/2' topo quad. Rome North (S. edge).

Sec. Lat.

Dist. ---
Long.

Field No.

Collected by 0. Veatch.

Date c.l909.

Sample Method Grab(?).

Weathering/alteration - -- - - - - -

Structural Attitude ------- -- - -- -----------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Recent(?) alluvium of Etowah River.

Sample Description & Comments Sample from a 9 ft. thick bed of fine-grained, plastic, bluish clay (color due to a small amount of organic matter) from an exposure at t h e Morri son-Trammel Brick Co. plant in Rome. The section shows 5 ft. of overlying soi l and yellow, sandy micaceous clay and an underlying 4 ft. of yellow s and and 3 ft. of black sand (Veatch, 1909, p. 324-325). Brick was made from a blend of 2/3 last i c cla and 1/3 yellow, sandy cla (not test ed

Compiled by B.J. O'Connor

Date 11-29-82

-41-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material ____C_l_a~y~~s_a_n_d~y~~(_a _l_l_u_v_i~a_l~)~--------- Compilation Map Location No. Fl.09V-7a

County

Floyd.

Raw Properties:

Lab & No.

Sample Number No.1. --~~~--------
Ga. Geol. Survey, #41.

Dat e Reported

1909.

Ceramist 0. Veatch, Ga. Geol. Survey.

----~~~---------

--------- Water of Plasticity

% Working Properties Good plasticity.

Color Black (almost). Drying Shrinkage____8_% Dry Strength (ave. tensile) 215 ps1.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF
(oC)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

Appr. Por. %

Other data:
Remarks

1922

Salmon

0.7

(1050)

(Cone 05)

Fair density

2066

Red

(1130)

(Cone 01)

Almost

0.7

steel hard

2210

Red

(1210)

(Cone 4)

Steel hard

1.4

Not vitrified

Remarks I Other Tests "The air shrinkage is low and the clay does not crack or warp in burning." -possibly use f ul i n making b ri ck (Veatch, 1909, P 326).
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-44-

locn. no. Fl.09V-7a , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size - - - - - - Retention Time
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Mineral

volume %

Si02

72.65

Ti02

1.15

Quartz

Al203

11.92

Feldspar

Fe 203 FeO

4.25

Carbonate Mica

MnO

Chlorite-

MgO

0.43

vermiculite

CaO

0.34

Montmorillonite

Na20

0.32

Others

K20

0.80

P2o5

s

(total)

c

(org.)

*

HC022o-

1.72

H2o+

Total

Ignition

loss

6.60*

Total

100.18

(*organic matter present as suggested by black color of the clay.)

~nalyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey. (in Veatch, 1909, p. 326, column II; also Appendix B, No. 41, p. 412- 41 3 )
Date c.l909.

Method Standard "wet". -~-~~--~~---------
Sample Location Data:

County __F_l_o..y.._d_._ _ ____ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rome North (SE. 1/4) (or Wax- NW.l/4?). Lat.

Long.

Field No.

Collected by 0. Veatch.

Date c.l909.

Sample Method Grab(?)

Weathering/alteration -------------

Structural Attitude ------------------------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Recent(?) alluvium of the Etowah River.

Sample Description & Connnents Sample from the W.T. Cheney property east of
Rome and consisting of fine -grained alluvial clay, almost black in color due to or anic matter. Although it has a hi h ercenta e of sand, it st"ll bas good plast1city Veatch, 19 9, p. 325-326 .

Compiled by ----B-.-J-.--O-'-C-o-n-n-o-r-----------

Date 11-29-82
-----~------------

-45-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Clay, sandy (alluvial).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.09V-7b

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number ---N-o-.--2---------
Lab & No. Ga. Geol. Survey, #40

Date Reported ----1-9-0-9------------ Ceramist 0. Veatch, Ga. Geol. Survey.

---------- Water of Plasticity \

%Working Properties Plasticity le-ss than sample
No. 1.

Color Yellow. Drying Shrinkage 3.9 % Dry Strength (tensile) 54 psi.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF
( oc)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

1850

Salmon Very soft

0

(1010)

(Cone 07)

1922

Salmon Soft

0.3

(1050)

(Cone OS)

2174

Dark red Steel hard

2.0

(1190)

(Cone 3)

Remarks / Other Tests Probably useful in making common brick. Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-46-

locn. no. tl.09V-7b , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size ------------ Retention Time --------------
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Sio2
ATFeli 022oo2 33
FeO

79.42 1. 29 9.18 4.25

MnO

MgO

0.35

CaO
Na 2o
K20
P2o5
s c

trace 0.20 0.72
(total) (org.)

HC02o2 -
H2o+

0.80

Ignition

loss

3.89

Total

100.10

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

Analyst E. Everhart , Ga. Geol. Survey (in Veatch, 1909, p. 326, column I: also
Appendix B, p. 412-41 3 , No. 40).
Date c.l909

Method ----S-t-a-n-d-a-r-d--"-w--e-t-"-.--------
Sample Location Data:

County _____F_l_o~y~d_._______ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

- - - 7 1/2' topo quad. Rome North (SE. 1/4) (or Wax- NW. 1/4?). Lat.

Long.

Field No.

Collected by ___o_.__V_e_a_t_c_h_.____ Date c.l909.

Sample Method Grab(?). Structural Attitude

Weathering/alteration ---------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Recent(?) alluvium of the Etowah River.

Sample Description & Corrnnents Sample of a ye llow, ve r y sandy clay (surface alluvium) from the W. T. Cheney prope rty east of Rome (Veatch, 1909, p. 325326).

Compiled by B.J. O'Connor

Date 11-29-82

-47-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Conasauga Group).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.09V-8

--------~------~----~~--------

County

Floyd.

Sample Number ----------------

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Geol. Survey, #38.

Date Reported 1909.

Ceramist 0. Veatch, Ga. Geol. Survey.

--~~------------

Water of Plasticity ----------~% Working Properties --~P~l~a~s~t~i~c~i~t~y__-~p~o~o~r~-----------

Color Brown

_____ Drying Shrinkage

2.5 % Dry Strength ..;;..;...~ (tensile) 20 ps~.

(or yellow?)

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF
(oC)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

Appr. Por. %

Other data:
Remarks

1922

Red

(1050)

(Cone 05)

Steel hard

2.3

1994

Dark

(1090)

red

(Cone 03)

(Steel hard?) 5.5

Vitrified

2066

Dark

( 1130)

red

(Cone 01)

(Steel hard?) 6.6

Vitrified

2138 (1170) (Cone 2)

Almost black

(Steel hard?) 5.0

Warped

2210
0210) (Cone 4)

(Steel hard?)

"Burned to a cinder 11

increase

if blended with

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-48-

locn. no. Fl.09V-8 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size ------------ Retention Time --------------
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Sio 2
ATFeilo22oo233
FeO

55.33 1.10
22.01 5.95

MnO

trace

MgO

1. 57

CaO
Na 2o
KzO

0.49 0.82 7.13

Pz05
s c

(total) (org.)

0.07

HHC0222oo+-
Ignition

0.42

loss

4. 71

Total

99.60

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey (in Veatch, 1909, p. 117, column III, also p. 394, and Appendix B, No. 38, p. 412-413).
Date c.l909.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County ___F~l~o~y_d_._________ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

- - - 7 1/2' topo quad. Shannon (SW. l/4)(or Rome North-SE. 1/4?). Lat.

,Long.

Field No.

38 (?)

Collected by 0. Veatch. ----~~~------

Date c.l909

Sample Method Grab(?)

Weathering/alteration Weathered.

Structural Attitude ---------------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian) shale.

Sample Description & Comments The sample was collected adjacent to the
Southern RR., 3 miles N. of Rome, and is a yellow (and ?) brown, very sandy, micaceous shale (Veatch, p. 393-394).

Compiled by ---B--.J-.--O--'C--o-n-n-o-r------------ Date 11-29-82
-49-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft and micaceous
(Conasauga). County __F_l_o~y_d_.__________________

Raw Prope rt ie s:

Lab & No.

Compilation Map Location No. FL09V-9
Sample Number ----------------
Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date Reported --~1~9~ 09-.-------- Ceramist 0. Veatch, Ga. Geol. Survey.

------- Water of Plasticity

%Working Properties Poor plasticity.

Color Brown or yellow.

- - - - - - Drying Shrinkage

1.4 % Dry Strength (tensile) 25 psi.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
( oc)
"Low"

Color Red

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

"Good"

Remarks I Other Tests "This shale is of Lit
mixed with a plastic clay." Veatch, 1909, p.

for brick ur oses, unless

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-so-

locn. no. Fl.09V-9 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size ------------ Retention Time --------------
Chemical & Mineralog ical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si0 2
ATFeli022oo233
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
KzO

P2os
s c
Hco2o2 -
H2o+

(total) (org.)

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method

Sample Location Data:

County ___F_l_o_,_y_d_._ _ __ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 l/2' topo quad. Shannon (NE. l/4) . Lat.

Long.

Field No.

Collected by 0. Veatch.

Date c.l909.

Sample Method Grab(?) Structural Attitude

Weathering/alteration ---W--e-a-th-e-r-e-d-.---

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian) shale.

Sample Description &.Comments A small sample from east of Shannon composed of a brown or e llow, soft, micaceous shale which is closel jointed and weathers into small an gular chips Veatch, 1909, p. 394-395

Compiled by ---B-.-J-.--O--'C-o-n--n-o-r------------

Date 11-29-82 --~~~~~--------

-51-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Brown shale (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-A

County ~F~l~oy~d~ -----------------

Sample Number

law Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Tech.

Date Reported

1931.

Ceramist A. V. Henry, Ga. Tech.

----~~--------

Water of Plasticity ____________% Working Properties Fair plasticity.

Color Dark brown. Drying Shrinkage _______3~._8_% Dry Strength (MOR) 92 ps1.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)
1995 (1090)
2174 (1190)

Color Hardness
Salmon, spotted
Medium red

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

7.5

8.3

Appr. Par. %

Other
dat~:
"Density" Fair
Good

Remarks /Other Tests Reported 1n Smith (1931, p. 84). Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined .
. .
-52-

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

locn. no. Fl.31S-A , cont.

Particle Size ------------ Retention Time --------------
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Si02
ATFeil o22 oo2 33
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20

P205
s c

(total) (org.)

HC022o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy-partial

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Calcium Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

none

Total

Analyst

A. V. Henry, Ga. Tech.

Date

c. 1929?

Method ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

HC1 effervescence ?

County Floyd.

Land Lot about 126, Sec. 4

----~-----------

7 1/2' topo quad. Rome North (SW. 1/4) . Lat.

Dist. 4 Long.

Field No.

Collected by A. V. Henry

Date c .1926?

Sample Method Grab ?

Weathering/alteration Unweathered.

Structural Attitude Beds strike about N.65-70E., dip about 65S. (Smith, 1931 J p. 83).
Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).
Sample Description & Comments Sample of stratified shale from RR. cut on the Cam and Knowles pro e rties about 1/2 mi. W. of the Dicke shale pit (31S-6) and 2 3 4 mi. NW. of Rome at mile post S-374.5 on the Central of Ga. RR. The cut is about 125 ft. long, averages 6 ft. high, and exposes gray to brown, semi-hard, fissile shale with common interbedded sandstone and chert layers less than 1 i n. thick. The cut crosses a low ridge be tween two branches of Little Dry Creek (Smith, 1931, p. 83-84).

Compiled by __B_._J_._ o_'_C_o_n_n_o_r___

Date 11-29-82

-53-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material ___S~h~a~l~e~(~F~l~o~y~d~)------------------- Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-B

County

Floyd.

Raw Properties:

Sample Number ----------------
Lab & No . Ga. Tech.

Date Reported ----1-9-3-1-.----------- Ceramist A. V. Henry, Ga. Tech.

---------- Water of Plasticity

% Working Properties Good plasticity.

Color Dark gray . , Drying Shrinkage _______4_._6_ % Dry Strength

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
( oc)

Color Hardness

19 50 Mottled r ed (1066) and whit e

2110 Fair red, (1154) mottled
with white

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por.

Shrinkage, %

%

%

8.7

9.2

Other data: "Density"
Fair
Good

Remarks I Other Tests Excellent working pro pe rties , but the fired colors are
not well suited to the manuf acture o f f ace brick. However, this shale could be used i n ma ki ng common build i ng brick and hollow t ile (A. V. Henry in Smith , 193 1, p. 85) . Formerly mi ned by Stevens , I nc. f or use in manufacture of sewer pipe at the i r plant at Stevens Pottery, Ba l dw i n County.
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing ) Tests: Not determined.

-54-

locn. no. Fl.31S-B , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particte Size ------------ Retention Time --------------
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe203 FeO

MnO

MgO

GaO

Na20

K20

P2os
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Analyst

Mineralogy-partial Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Calcium Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

volume % none

Total

A. V. Henry, Ga. Tech.

Date

c.l929 ?

Method

HCl effervescence ?

Sample Location Data:

----- County Floyd.

Land Lot

------~---------

Sec.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rome North (SW. 1/4) . Lat.

Dist. Long.

Field No.

Collected by A. V. Henry

Da t e c 19 26 ?

Sample Method Grab ?

Weathering/alteration Weathered ?

Structural Attitude Beds strike N.50E. and dip approx. 50NW. (Smith, 1931, p. 84).

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).
Sample Description & Comments Shale from the Dean property adjacent to and
N. of the Central of Ga. RR at mile post S-375, 3-1/2 mi. NW. of Rome, 1-3/4 mi. S. of Morrison. Sample from a small it (less than 1 acre and less than 15 ft. deep formerly mined by Stevens, Inc. It ranges from hard, dark gray shale with brown streaks to soft, light brown, gray and white shale with a few thin cherty layers and local hard, sandy shale to argillaceous sandstone (Smith, 1931, p. 84).

-------------------- Compiled by B.J. O'Connor

Date

----~,~--~----~-----------

11-29-82

-55-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material --~S~h~a~l~e~,~w~e~a~t~h~e~r~e~d~(~F~l~o~y~d~)~-------- Compilation Map Location -No. Fl.31S-C

County

Floyd.

Sample Number

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Teeh.

Date Reported 1926.

Ceramist A. V. Henry, Ga. Tech.

--~~----------

------- Water of Plasticity

%Working Properties Plasticity-excellent.

Color _T_a~n~ --------- Drying Shrinkage ---~6~.2__% Dry Strength (MOR) 200 psi.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)
1900 (1038)
2174
(1190)

Color Salmon Deep red

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

10.4

13.5

Appr. Por.
%

Other data: "Density" Fair
Good

Remarks I Other Tests Reported 1n Smith (193lt p.99).
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-56-

locn. no. Fl.31S-C , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

!'article Size - - - - - - Re t. ent ion Time
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

~;io 2 ~io 2

/\lzO 3

rez03 FeO

MnO

MgO

GaO
Na 2o
KzO
PzOs
s c

(total) (org.)

COz
H2o-
H20+ Ignition

loss

Total

Min e r a l ogy-pa rtial Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Calcium Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

volume % none

Total

Anal 1st

A. V. Henry, Ga. Tech.

Da t e

c. 1929

Method ------ --------------
Sample Location Data:

HCl effervescence ?

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 l/2 1 topo quad. Rock Mountain ( cntr.). Lat.

Long.

J'i eld No.

Collected by A. V. Henry

Date c . 1926?

:>ample Method Grab ?

Weathering/alteration Weathered.

:>tructural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Mottled li ght and medium tan, soft, weathered shale from a cut on the Central o f Ga. RR. at mi le po st S-38 1. 5 , 3 /4 mL. E. of the Lav ende r Station - - prob abl y corresponds to the eastern edge of the Schlapback property just west of the Long prope rty (see Fl.31S-lla and b, Smith, 1931, p. 99).

Compiled by ---B-.-J.--O-'C--on-n-o-r -------- Date ----l-l--2-9--8-2------

-57-

SERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Floyd) and some clay.

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-5a

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number --R---1--A----------
Lab & No. Ga. Tech., #5.

Date Reported --1-9-3-1-.------------- Ceramist R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Water of Plasticity

26.1 %Working Properties Poor and grainy plasticity at

first (good after aging overnight); a little slow slaking; good molding behavior.

Color Light brown.

Drying

Shrinkage

4.2 %Dry
------~--

Strength

----------------

Remarks Drying behavior: test bars slightly warped.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF (oC)

Color* Hardness (Munsell) (MOR)psi.

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

dry (plastic)

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage

1840 Salmon (1005) (SYR-7/8)

844 3.6 (7.9)

16.9

Slight.

1920 Salmon (1050) (SYR-7/6)

1005 4.9 (9.0)

13.9

Slight.

2000 Light red (1095) (1 OR-6/6)

1435

5.6 (9. 7)

11.6

Slight.

2060 Medium red 1663 8.1 (11.7)

9.2

(1125) (lOR-5/ 5)

Some.

2090 Deep red

2261 7.6 (11.7)

6.2

(1145) (1 OR-5/4)

Considerable.

2160 Dark red

2263 8.5 (12. 2)

6.2

( 1180) (lOR-5/4)

Some.

Remarks I Other Tests Firing Range= Cone 1 to 5 (commercial kiln= Cone 01 to 4).
This shale was used by the Berry Schools to make building brick. Prior to 1929 it
it was blended with clay (Fl.31S-5b) to make building brick and structural tile by
the Rome ga Clay Products Co. (S~ith, L9 3 l , p. 75) .

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

*Note: Munsell color notations "5YR11 and "lOR" correspond to the original notations "YR" and "R-YR" respectively reported in Smith (1931).

-58-

locn. no. Fl31S-5a , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Easy grinding.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hours.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02 Ti02

57.99 0.93

Al203
Fe203 FeO

25.17 6.30 0.60

MnO

MgO

0.13

CaO

0.00

Na20 K20

0.84 0.66

P2o5 S03
c

(org.)

0.11 0.35

C02

H2 o-

*

H2o+

Ignition

7.06

loss

Total

100. 14*

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

(* analysis recalculated on an H20- -free basis by Smith, 1931, p. 76.)

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date c.l930.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lots 203 & 238. Sec. 3

7 1/2' topo quad. Rome North (S. side) . Lat.

Dist. 23 Long.

Field No. R-1-A

, Collected by R. W.Smith.

----~--------------

Date 7-25-29

Sample Method 6 ft. groove.

Weathering/alteration Weathered.

Structural Attitude Beds strike "nearly east-west" and dip about 80 S.

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Semi-hard, greenish-brown shale with "considerable black stain" (Mn oxide ?) with interbedded layers of brown clay which is sometimes sand (weathered ar illaceous limestone-residual clay) from the 'North Pit about 50 by 100 ft. and averaging 10 ft. deep. It is located about 1/8 mi. N. of the brick plant (NE. of the intersection of the Southern RR. and the Central of Ga. RR.) near the Central of Ga. spur track to the Berry Schools (Smith, 1931, p. 75-78; also Furcron, 1958, p. 5, No. 20- no further ceramic tests).

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date ---2---1-0---8-6----------
-59-

CERAMIC TE~TS AND ANALYSES

Material Clay, colluvial.

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-5b

County Floyd.

Sample Number __R_-...::1_-_B_ _ __

Raw Properties:

Lab & No.

______ Date Reported 1931 _...::~...;:_

Ceramist

Ga. Tech., #5. R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Water of Plasticity -----~3~1 ~ ~6% Working Properties Excellent plasticity; rapid slaking; excellent molding behavior.

Color Yellow.

Drying Shrinkage ------~7~~2% Dry Strength (MOR) 172.7 psi .

Remarks Drying behavior: little or no warpage.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF (oC)

Color* (Munsell)

Hardness

Linear

(MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage

1840 Salmon ( 1105) (5YR-7/9)

646 1.1 (8.2)

23.0

Little or none.

1920 Salmon (1050) (3YR-7/6)

817 2.0 (8.5)

20.8

Slight.

2000 Salmon red (1095) (lOR-6/7)

953 2.3 (9.3)

19.8

Slight.

20600 Light red (1125) (lOR-5/7)

976 3.1 (10.3)

18.3

Slight.

2090 Fair red (1145) (1 OR-5/6)

1051

3.0 (10.5)

18.9

Slight.

2160 Medium red (1180) (lOR-5/5)

1143

3.5 (10.5)

17.3

Slight.

Remarks /Other Tests Firin ran e not reached (cla is rather refractor ). Prior to 1929 the Romega Cl ay Products Co. used the clay in blends 2 parts clay and 1
art shale f rom the 11 North Pit") to make structural tile and buildin brick (Smi t h, 1931 , p . 75 and 80 ,

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

*Note: Munsell color notations "5YR" and "lOR" correspond to the original notations "YR" and "R-YR" respectively reported in Smith (1931).

-60-

locn. no. Fl.31S-5b , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Easy grinding.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hours.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Mineral

volume %

SiOz

69.49

TiOz

0.91

Quartz

Al203

10.58

Feldspar

Fe203

8.41

Carbonate

FeO

Mica

MnO

Chlorite-

MgO

0.80

vermiculite

CaO
Na 2o
K20
P2o5 S03

0.73 1.51 trace 0.00

Montmorillonite Others
Total

C

(org.)

Hco2o2 -

*

H2o+

Ignition

7. 75

loss

Total

100 .18*

(* = analysis recalculated on an H20- -free basis

by Smith , 1931, p . 79 . )

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date c.l930

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lots 203 and 238. Sec. 3 , Dist. 23

7 1/2 1 topo quad. Rome North (S. side) . Lat.

Long.

Field No. R-1-B

, Collected by R. W. Smith.

--~---------------

Sample Method Groove samples-2 of

Weathering/alteration

6 ft. each from different parts of the pit.

Date 7-25-29 Weathered.

Structural Attitude The few recognizable bedding surfaces appear nearly horizontal.

Stratigraphic Assignment Recent (?) colluvial clay (+ some residual?) from Mississippian Ft. Payne Chert and F~oyd Shale.

Sample Description & Comments As described b

(1931,

1958, p. 5, No. 20) the "South Pit 11 about 300 b 75 ft. and

is located 200 yards SE. of the br~ck plant adjacent

The plant

is NE. of the 'unction of the Southern and the Central of Ga. RR. lines in west

Rome.

yellow, locally contains numerous angular to rounded chert pebbles up to

several inches in diameter, and has a gummy plasticity.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 2-10-86

-61-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-6

County Floyd.

Sample Number _.:..;R_-;;;.2_ _ _ __

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Tee~., #f6.

Date Reported 1931.

Ceramist

-~-----------

Water of Plasticity - - - -25.-7%

R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Remarks Drying behavior: all test bars slightly warped.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF (oC)

Color* (Munsell)

Hardness

Linear

(MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage

1840 Pinkish-tan

778 2.5 (6 .1)

19.9

(1005) (5YR-8/4)

Very slight.

1920 Buff-pink

1209

(1050) tan (5YR-7/5)

3.9 (7.5)

16.5

Very slight.

2000 Tan-brown (1095) (5YR-7/5)

1522 4.8 (8.2)

13.4

Very slight.

2060 Light brown 1569 6.0 (9.4) (1125) (5YR-6/6)

13.2

Slight.

2090 Dead light- 1705 0145) brown(5YR-6/5)

6.2 {9.6)

11.9

Some.

2160 Dead light- 1987 ( 1180) brown (SYR-5/5)

6.3 (9.6)

10.5

Slight.

Remarks I Other Tests Firing rang e = Cone 1 to 5 and higher. This shale was used
by theW. S. Dickey Clay Mfg. Company, in mixtures with Tenn. shale and Ala. fire
clay, to manufacture sewer pipe at their plants in east Rome and Macon, Ga.
(Smith, 1931, p,. 81-83 and p. 307). Shale was min ed from 1920 to about 1928.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

*Note: Munsell color notation "5YR" corresponds to the original notation "YR" reported in Smith (1931).

-62-

locn. no. Fl. 31S-6 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Fairly easy, brittle grinding.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hours.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

SiOz

TiOz

Al Fe

22oo33

FeO

MnO

MgO

66.94 0.55 16.34 4.33 0.32 0.00 0.48

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite

CaO
Na 2o
KzO
P2o5
s c
Hco2o2-
H2o+

(total) (org.)

0.00 2. 74 1. 88 0.27
*

Montmorillonite Others
Total

Ignition

6.16

loss Total

100.01*

(* = analysis recalculated on an H20- -free basis

by Smith, 1931, p. 82.)

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geo 1. Survey.

Date c.l930.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County Flox:d.

Land Lot 201

Sec. _:::3_ __

7 1/2' topo quad. Rome North (S. cntr.). Lat.

Dist. 23 Long.

Field No. ~R~-~2~------- ' Collected by R. W. Smith.

Date 7-25-29.

Sample Method Grab samples.

Weathering/alteration Weathered.

Structural Attitude --V~ar~ia~b~le-a=t~ tit~u~d~ es~. --------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian) - possibly with some Cambrian Conasauga shale?
Sample Description & Comments Variable shale from the Rome Shale Pit of the
Dicke Cla Mf . Co. Much is dark brown or dark re , but it ranges from a soft almost clay-like reddish-brown, to gray to almost black shale to a hard, drab or greenish-drab shale. Some fresh shale is slightly calcareous and contains area of interbedded sandstone. Representative samples taken from a large irregular pit (about 10 acres) averaging 20 ft. deep between the Central of Ga. and the Southern RR. tracks in west Rome, about 1 mi. W. of the Romega Cla Products plant (see Fl. 31S-5) (Smith, 1931, p.80-83 and Furcron, 1958, p.5, No. 21 - no further ceramic tests

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 2-17-86

---------~~-------

--=~~~----

-63-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Soft shale (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. FL.31S-7a

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number --R---71-A----------
Lab & No. Ga.Tech., #7.

Date Reported 1931.

Ceramist R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

--~---------------

Water of Plasticity

23.5 %Working Properties Grainy plasticity at first

(good on aging overnight); fairly rapid slaking; fair molding behavior- slight

tear in

Color Light brown Drying Shrinkage

2.9 % Dry Strength (MOR) 161.9 psi.

Remarks Drying Behavior: good.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF
(oC)

Color* (Munsell)

Hardness

Linear

(MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

1840 Pale salmon (1005) (5YR-8/4)

918 1.9 (4.8)

17.6

1920 Light salmon 1043 (1050) (5YR-7/6)

2.6 (5.4)

16.2

2000 Reddish sal- 1419 (1095) mon (5YR-7/5)

3.6 (6.5)

14.1

2060 Light

1720

(1125) brownish red

(5YR-6/6)

5.0 (7.8)

12. 1

2090 Medium

1967

0145) brownish red

(5YR-6/5)

5.8 (8.4)

10.3

2160 Medium

2310 5.9 (8.8)

8.8

(1180) brownish red

(5YR-5/5)

Remarks I Other
Cone 1 to 5 and

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage
None.

None.

None.

Very slight.

Considerable.

Some.

tile ; fi. red

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.
*Note: Munsell color notation 11 5YR11 corresponds to the original notation "YR" reported in Smith (1931).
-64-

locn. no. Fl.31S-7a , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Easy grinding.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retentiori Time Approx. 17 hours.

Chemical & Mineralo~ical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Mineral

volume %

Sio2
ATFelio22oo233
FeO

69.75 0.37
15.91 5.12

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica

MnO

MgO

1. 51

Chloritevermiculite

CaO
Na 2o
KzO PzOs so3
c

(org.)

0.00 0.45 1. 21 trace
0.00

Montmorillonite Others
Total

COz HzO-
H2o+
Ignition

*
5.81

loss Total

100 .13*

(* = analysis recalculated on an H2o- -free basis by
Smith, 1931, p. 86.)

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date c.l930.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County ___F_l~o~y_d_. ________ Land Lot ------ Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (E. Cntr.). Lat.- - - - - - - Long.

Field No. ---R---7-1-A-------------, Collected by R. W. Smith.

Date 7-5-30

Sample Method Grab samples. Weathering/alteration Weathers into fine, soft to waxy flakes .
Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Shale from the T. Berry property (both sides of the Central of Ga. RR. at Berryhill Stn.) about 6 . 5 miles NW. of Rome. Samples from cuts along Huffaker Rd. S. of the station and from fields, N. and S. of the road, S. of the RR. It ran es from soft, dark ra to black or brown and locall show beds of dark blue, argillaceous and siliceous limestone Smith, 1931, p. 85-87; also Furcron, 1958, p.5, No. 22- no further ceramic tests).

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date ----2---1-0--8-6----------
-65-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Red clay (residual).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-7b

County Floyd.

Sample Number _.;...R.;_-.;.7.;;;l_B_ _ __

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Tech. #7.

Date Reported 1931.

Ceramist

_..;;;~~--------

R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Water of Plasticity

39.8 % Working Properties Good plasticity, somewhat sticky; rapid slaking; laminated considerably on extrusion.

Color Reddish-brown. Drying Shrinkage 11.3 %Dry Strength (MOR) 174.5 psi (but variable due to lamination).
Remarks Drying Behavior: test bars slightly warped.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF (oC)

Color* (Munsell)

Hardness

Linear

(MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage

1840 Salmon

940

( 1005) (5YR-6/6)

3.9 04.8)

17.5

Slight.

1920 Dark salmon 973 (1050) (7YR-7 /5)

4.0 (14.9)

15.8

Slight.

2000 Fair red

541

(1095) (lOR-5/ 5)

5.2 (15.9)

14.1

Slight.

2060 Fair red

1058

( 1125) (1 OR-5/5)

6.6 (17.1)

12.5

Slight.

2090 Good red ( 1145) (lOR-5/5)

1178

4.9 (15.7)

13.2

Considerable.

2160 Good red

993

(1180) (1 OR-5/ 5)

5.4 (16.1)

11.9

Some.

Remarks I Other Tests Firing range = Cone 04 to 5 and higher. The lack of
uniform results is largely due to the lamination of the test bars upon extrusion. If used by itself the clay i s sui t abl e only for making common building brick. It could also be used in blends \-lith other material s (e 31S-7a above) to im rove the fired colors Smith, 1931, p. 88 .

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

*Note: Munsell color notations "5YR11 and "lOR" correspond to the original notations "YR" and "R-YR" respectively reported in Smith (1931).

-66-

locn. no. Fl.31S-7b , cont.

Crushing Charact~ristics (unfired material) Easy grinding.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hours.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02 Ti02

63.01 1.38

Al203
Fe203 FeO

14.69 8.98

MnO

MgO

0.45

CaO

0.00

Na20 K20 P2o5
so3 c

(org.)

0.68 0.44 trace 0.00

C02

H2 o-

*

H2o+

Ignition

9.42

loss Total

99.05*

Mineralo&y: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

(* = analysis recalculated on an H20- -free basis by
Smith, 1931, p. 87.)

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date c.l930.

Method Standard 11wet 11

Sample Location Data:

County Floid

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (E. cntr.). Lat.- - - - - -
Field No. _R_-~7~l~B______________, Collected by T. Berry.

Long. Date 7-5-30

Sample Method Grab samples.

Weathering/alteration Kesidual clay.

Structural Attitude ------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Recent (?) re&idual cla from im ure limestone in the Floyd Shale Misaiss~ppian).
Sample Description & Comments Samples of stiffly plastic, deep brick-red clay
from several outcrops on low ridges north of the Central of Ga. RR. near Berry-
hill Station, 6 1/2 miles NW. of ~oma. Collected b the owner of the T. Berr
property Smith, 1931, p. 85-88; also Furcron 1 1958, p. 5 1 No. 22 -no further
ceramic test&.

Compiled by B. J. O'Cbnnor

Date 2-10-86

-67-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material --~S~o~f~t~s~h~a~l~e~(~F~l~o~y~d~)~------------ Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-8

County

Floyd.

Sample Number --~R~-~7~2_________

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Tech. #8.

Date Reported 1931.

Ceramist

--~~~-----------

R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. survey.

Water of Plasticity

24.9 % Working Properties Good plasticity; rapid slaking; and good molding behavior.

Color Drab.

Drying Shrinkage _____ .4.;...;;.6~% Dry Strength (MOlt) 199 .J psi.

Remarks Drying Behavior: Good.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF (oC)

Color* (Munsell)

Hardness

Linear

(MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

1840n Pale salmon (1005) (5YR-7/4)

1063

2.4 (6. 7)

16.7

1920 Light salmon 1294 (1050) (5YR-7/5)

2.8 (7.2)

15.4

2000 l1edium salmon 1789 (1095) (5YR-7/6)

4.6 (8.9)

12.0

2060 Light

1943

( 1125) brownish red

(5YR-6/6)

5. 7 (10.2)

10.4

2090 Light

1982

(1145) brownish red

(5YR-6/6)

6. 3 (10. 5)

10.0

2160 Medium

2184 6.5 (11.2)

9.1

( 1180) brownish red

(5YR-6/5)

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage Slight. Slight. None. None.
Slight.
Slight.

be i mproved by blend ing wi th red-firing materia l s such as the sur face clay 31S-7b). Th i s shale was mi ned by the Rome Brick Co. and the Oconee Clay Products Co. (Mil l edgevi lle ) (Furcron, 1958, p. 5 , No. 23-25- no further ceramic tests) .
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.
*Note: Munsell color notation "SYR" corresponds to the original notation "YR" reported in Smith (1931).
-68-

locn. no. Fl.31S-8 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Easy grinding.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hour!:!.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02
AT il o2o2 3
Fe203
FeO

65.02 0.55
21.67 5.26

MnO

MgO

0.05

CaO
Na 2o
K20

P20s

so
c

3

(org.)

0.00 0.47 0.86 trace 0.00

C02
H 2 o-
H2o+

Ignition

6.07

loss Total

99.95* (*

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate
Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

analysis recalculated on an H2o- -free basis by Smith,
1931, p. 90.)

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date c. 1930.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County ___ __ F_l_o~y_d_. _______ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (E. cntr.). Lat.

Long.

Field No. R-72

, Collected by R. W. Smith.

----~------------

Date 7-5-30

Sample Method Grab samples.

Weathering/alteration Weathered.

Structural Attitude (On Central of Ga. RR.) strike NE.- SW., di p approx.
45 SE .

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Samples of soft, gray to drab and gra yish-lavender,

shale from outcro s in a valle between 2 low rid e s 1/4 mi . S of
the Central of Ga. RR. alon a ri vate road lead ing sou th to the 'Alabama Road"

-Ga. Hwy. 20 on the Berryhill Estate 7 miles NW. o f Rome and 1/2 mile W. of

Berr hill Station (Smith, 1931, . 88-91). The shale in t his area

the

Rome Brick Co. and the Oconee Clay Products Co. Milledgeville) tn

1958, p. 5, No. 23 to 25- no f urther ceramic tests) .

Comp i 1ed by --=B-=--=J-=--=0-'-=C-=o-=n-=n;,;o;,;r;......_________ Date 2-10-86

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Soft shale (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-9

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Lab & No.

Sample Number R-27 --~~----------
Ga. Tech., #9

Date Reported 1931.

Ceramist R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

--~---------------

Water of Plasticity _______2~6~.8~.% Working Properties Good plasticity; rapid slaking; and excellent molding behavior.

Color Brownish-gray. Drying Shrinkage 5.7 % Dry Strength (MOR) 224.6 psi.

Remarks Drying Behavior: test bars a little slow in drying and warped slightly.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF
("C)

Color (Munsell)

Hardness

Linear

(MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage

1840 Pale salmon (1005) (6YR-715)

1059

2.5 ( 8. 1)

17.2

Slight.

1920 Light salmon 1266
(1050) (7YR-7 I 5)

3.7 (8. 7)

14.5

Some.

2000 Light salmon 1728 (1095) (7YR-715)

5.2 (lO. 6)

12.0

Some.

2060 Medium salmon 1987 7.2 (12. 2

8.5

(1125) (4YR-615)

Some.

2090 Light

1968 6.5 (11.7)

8.0

( 1145) brownish-red

(3YR-614)

Considerable.

2160 Medium

2130 7.3 (12.3)

7.2

(1180) brownish -red

(3YR-S/3)

Some.

Remarks I Other Tests Firing range = Cone 1 to 5 and higher (commercial kiln =
Cone 1 to 5). This shale is suitable for making brick and tile although the fired color is poor. However, this could be improved b blendin with red-firin

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-70-

loco. no. Fl.31S-9 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Easy grinding .

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hours.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Mineral

volume %

Si02

66.94

Ti02

0. 74

Quartz

Al203 Fe 203 FeO

19.12 2.84

Feldspar Carbonate Mica

MnO

Chlorite-

HgO

0.23

vermiculite

CaO

trace

Montmorillonite

Na20

1.48

Others

K20
P205 S03
c

(org.)

1. 36 0.34 trace

Total

C02

H2 H2

oo+

*

Ignition

7.10

loss Total

100.15*

(* = analysis recalculat ed on an n 2o- -free oas is by Smith, 1931' p. 91.)

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Dat e c. 1930.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot 81

Sec. 4

Dist. 4

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (cntr.). Lat.

Long.

Field No. ---R---2-7---------------, Collected by R. W. Smith

Date 3-1-29

Sample Method Grab samples.

Weathering/alteration Weathered.

Structural Attitude Strike NE. - SW. and dip 75 SE.

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Samples from several shallow gullies near the S. side of the Central of Ga. RR. on the Levinson Propert y (South of Huffaker Rd.) 1 1/2 m.iles W. of Ber r yhill Station a nd 8 miles NW. o f Rome . It is a so f t, gray flaky shale and is overlain by 5 ft. of cl ay and gravel (not sampled). Sample s collected by Smith (1931, p. 91-92) from 3 outcrops 15ft. apart.

Compil e d by B. J. O'Connor

Dat e 2-10-86

-71-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material __M_o~t~t_l~e_d~c_l_a~y~(_F~l~o~y~d~S~h~a~l~e~)~----- Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-l0

County

Floyd.

Sample Number __R_-_6___________

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Tech., #10.

Date Reported 1931.

Ceramist R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

--~~~----------

Water of Plasticity ____2_7_._0_% Working Properties Very good plasticity; rapid

slakin ; exceilent molding behavior.

Color Light

Drying Shrinkage ____6_._0_% Dry Strength MOR 157.9 psi.

grayish-brown.

Remarks Drying Behavior: all test bars somewhat warped.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF (oC)

Color* (Munsell)

Hardness

Linear

(MOR) pst. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage

1840 Salmon (1005) (5RY-7/5)

895

2.3 (8.7)

18.2

Some.

1920 Salmon (1050) (3YR-6/5)

1235

3.6 (8.9)

16.7

Some.

2000 Salmon (1095) (lYR-6/4)

1543

5.0 (10.2)

13.9

Some.

2060 Salmon-red (1125) (2YR-6/4)

1837

6.3 (12.0)

10.3

Some.

2090 Light red

1859

6.2 (11.8)

9.5

(1145) (l OR-5/5)

Some.

2160 Fair red

2187

8.1 (13. 3)

7.4

(1180) (lOR-5/4)

Considerable.

Remarks I Other Tests Firing Range = Cone 3 to 5 and higher. This clay was mined

b the Oconee Cla & Shale Products Co. and bl ended with a residual cla from the

Milled eville area for structural and drain

Smith, 1931, . 93 and . 313;

also Furcron, 1958, p. 5, No. 29 - Fl.57-12

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

*Note: Munsell color notations "5YR" and "lOR" correspond to the original notations "YR" and "R-YR" respectively reported in Smith (1931).

-72-

locn. no. Fl.31S-10 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Easy grinding .

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time App rox. 17 hours.

Chemical & Mineralo~ical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight i.

Mineral

volume %

SiOz

60.39

TiOz

1.09

Quartz

Al 2o3 Fe 2o3
FeO

24.38 4.05 0.31

Feldspar Carbonate Mica

MnO

Chlorite-

MgO

0.11

vermiculite

CaO

0.00

Montmorillonite

Na 2o
K20 P20s

1. 72 1.32 trace

Others

S03

0.11

c

(org.)

Total

CHHo22oo2+-

*

Ignition

6.42

loss Total

99.90*

(* = analysis recalculated on an H20- -free basis

by Smith, 1931, p. 93).

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date c.l930.

Method

Standard

wet 11

11



Sample Location Data:

County Flovd.

Land Lot - - - - Sec.

Dist.

- - - - - - 7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (cntr.) . Lat.

Long. ___

Field No. R-6

, Collected by R. W. Smith.

--~~~------

Date 7-27-29

Sample Method 2 groove s amples

Weathering/alteration Residual clay

(f r om 2 p laces)

(weathered shale)

Structural Attitude --------------------------,--------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Recent (?) residual clay from Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Samp les from a cl ay pit (o pe ned about earl y 1929) on the S. side of the Central of Ga. RR., 7/8 mi l e W. of Hil l e r y Station, 1 3/8 mi. E. of Lavender Station and 9 mi. NW. o f Rome. The pit ( about 75 x 30ft. and up to 15 ft.
dee ) shows a nearl structure le ss, mottled ra brown and red so f t cl a radio into
a soft, weathered , light gray clay or shale at the pi t ' s bottom Smith , 1931, p.
92-94 ; also see Fl. 57-l2 by Furcron, 1958, P 5, No. 29 ) .

Compiled by B.J. O'Connor

Date _ __:2;_- ..1;;..0.;;._-8.;..6,;;....._____

- 73-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material County

Shale, brown and black (Floyd). Floyd.

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-11a
_ ___ Sample Number R-7-A ___;.___;.___;.

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Tech. , #11.

Date Reported 1931.

Ceramist R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

~~~--------

Water of Plasticity

29.3 % Working Properties Good piasticity; rapid slaktrig;

excellent molding behavior, but slightly laminated.

Color Light brown. Drying Shrinkage

6.5% bry Strertgth (MOR) 23 5.7 ps~.

Remarks Drying Behavior: test bars all s iightiy warped.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF (oC)

Color* (Munsell)

Hardness

Linear

(MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage

1840 Light red

1803 4.9 (11.7)

14.8

(1005) (5YR-6/7)

Slight.

1920 Fair red (1050) (1 OR-5/ 6)

1798 5.6 (12.2)

12.0

slight.

2000 Good red (1095) (lOR-5/4)

1681 6.8 (13.0)

10.0

Slight.

2060 Medium red

2278 7.4 (13.3)

9.2

(1125) (1 OR- 5/6)

Slight.

2090 Dark red

2300 7.4 (13.1)

7.3

(1145) (1 OR-4/ 5)

Slight.

2160 Excellent

2584 7.5 (13.6)

5.8

(1180) dark red

(lOR-4/4)

Slight.

Remarks I Other Tests Firin g Range= Cone 04 to 5 (commercial kiln = Cone 04 to
3). Sample is suitable for making brick and til e, plus possibly sewer pipe and
conduits. Slight laminat ion may have a ffec ted the green and fired strengths
(MOR). All fired bars showed sli ht traces of scummi n , but robabl not eno u h
to be of signific~nce in commerical heavy clay products. Smith, 1931, p. 96; also see Furcrort, 1958, p. 5, No. 28- F~. 57-1 mi ned by Chattahoochee Brick Co.).

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

*Note: Munsel color notations "5YR" and "lOR" correspond to the original notations "Y"R"and "R.,..YR" respectively reported in Smith (1931) .
..

-74-

locn. no. Fl.31S-lla, cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Easy grinding.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hours.

01emical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Mineral

volume %

SiOz

TiOz

Al Fe

22oo33

FeO

59.91 0.56 22.03 7.50 0.32

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica

MnO

0.00

MgO

trace

Chloritevermiculite

CaO
Na 2o
KzO P205
cso 3

(org.)

0.00 2.05 0.76 0.14
o.oo

Montmorillonite Others
Total

COz H20Hz0+ Ignition

*
7.50

loss Total

100. 77*

(* = analysis recalculated on

basis by Smith, 1931, p. 95.)

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date c.l930.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 l/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (cntr.). Lat.

Long.

Field No. ---R---7---A-------------, Collected by R. W. Smith

Date 7-27-29

Sample Method Grab samples.

Weathering/alteration Weathered.

Structural Attitude Approximate strike N.60E., dip l5-20SE. (somewhat uncertain due to slumping).
Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Samples from the Long property (W. of Fl.31S-l0) from cuts alon Huffaker Rd. 1/4 to 3/ 8 mile E. of Lavender Station and about l 8 mile N. o f the Central of Ga. RR. The shale ranges from fissile and black ( similar to Chattanoo a shale) to fairly soft, waxy and brown (Smith, 1931, p. 94-96 . It has subsequently been mined by the Chattahooch e e Brick Co. (Furcron, 1958, p. 5, No. 28- see F1.57-1).

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date ---2---1-0---8-6-----------
-75-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft and dark (Floyd). County Floyd.

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-11b
_ _____ Sample Number R_-_7;_-B

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Tech. #11.

Date Reported 1931.

Ceramist

-~~~-----

R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Water of Plasticity

31.4 %Working Properties Good plasticity, sticky at

first; ra id slakin ; good molding behavior.

Color Grayish-brown. Drying Shrinkage____65% Dry Strength MOR , 228.9 psi.

Remarks Drying Behavior: good, only slight warpage.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF (oC)

Color* (Munsell)

Hardness

Linear

(MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage

1840 Salmon ( 1005) (6YR-7/5)

1483

4.3 (lo. 7)

19 .1

Slight.

1920 Salmon (1050) (3YR-6/6)

1739

5.1 (11.5)

16.1

Some.

2000 Salmon (1095) (3YR-6/6)

2134

7.0 (12.9)

11.1

Slight.

2060 Fair red

2639

8.8 (13.5)

7.5

(1125) (lOR-5/6)

Some.

2090 Medium red 2375

8.6 (14.0)

7.4

0145) (1 OR-5/ 5)

Slight.

2160 Dark

2784

9.9 (15.2)

4.4

( 1180) brownish red

(lOR-4/4)

Some to
~onsiderable.

Remarks I Other Tests Firing Range= Cone 1 to 5 (commercial kiln= Cone 02 to 4) .
The shale is suitable for making brick, tile and possibly sewer pipe (Smith, 1931 , . 98). Shale from this r oper t was later mined b the Chattahoochee BrLck Co.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.
*Note: Munsell color notation "lOR" corresponds to the original notation "R-YR" reported in Smith (1931).

-76-

locn. no. Fl.31S-llb, cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Easy grinding.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hours .

Chemical & Mineral og ical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Mineral

volume %

Sio2
AFTeli022oo233
FeO

58.28 0.74
17.18 13.86
0.19

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica

MnO

Chlorite-

MgO

0.27

vermiculite

CaO

0.00

Montmorillonite

Na 2o K20 P2o5
cso3

(org.)

1. 55 1. 21 trace 0.11

Others Total

C0 H2 H2

2oo+

Ignition

* 6.66

loss

Total

100.05*

(* - analysis recalculated on an H2o- - bas is by Smith, 1931' p. 96.)

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date c.l930.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County ___F_l_o~y_d_._________ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (cntr.) . Lat.

Long.

Field No. ---R---7---B-------------, Collected by R. W. Smith.

Date 7-27-29

Sample Method Grab sample.

Weathering/alteration --W--e-a-th-e-r-e-d-.------------

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Sample from cut on Huffaker Rd. beneath the Georgia
Power Co. transmission lines about l 1/4 miles E. o f Lavender Stn. (Central of Ga. RR.) on the Lon pr o ert , about 1/2 mil e due N. of the Oconee Cla Products Co.

weatherin into l a e rs 1/4 to 1 i n. th i ck and wi th a wax luster on knife-cut surfaces Smi th, 193 1 , p. 9 4-9 8 . Sh a l e was later mined in t h is area by t he Chattahoochee Brick Co., Furcron, 1958, No. 28, p. 5- see Fl.57-l.)

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 2-10-86
-77-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-12

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Lab & No.

Sample Number R-10 ......;...__;;,~----
Ga. Tech., #12.

Date Reported 1931.

Ceramist R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

__;;,~~---------

Water of Plasticity

32.4 % Working Properties Good plasticity; rapid slaking;

and good molding behavior.

Color Yellowish-brown. Drying Shrinkage 5.4 % Dry Strength (MOR) 148.5 psi.

Remarks Drying Behavior: good, very little warpage.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF (oC)

Color* (Munsell)

Hardness

Linear

(MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage

1840 Salmon (1005) (5YR-6/6)

742 3.2 (8.5)

21.6

Slight.

1920 Light red

799 4.0 (9.4)

20.2

(1050) (2YR-6/5)

Slight.

2000 Light red (1095) (3YR-6/5)

1065 5.8 (11.1)

16.8

Slight.

2060 Medium red (1125) (lQR-5/5)

1478 7.6 (12.7)

12.8

Slight.

2090 Good red (1145) (10R-5/4)

1707 7.2 01.9)

12.5

Slight.

2160 Good red (1180) (lOR-4/4)

1698 8.0 (12.8)

11.6

Slight.

Remarks I Other Tests Firing Range = Cone 1 to 5 and higher ( commercial kiln =
Cone 02 to 5). This shale is suitable for brick and medium-fired structural tile
(Smith, 1931, p. 101; also Furcron, 1958, p. 5, No. 31-no f urther ceramic tests).

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

*Note: Munsell color notations "5YR" and "lOR" correspond to the original nota'tions "YR" and 11 R-YR" respectively reported in Smith (1931).

-78-

locn. no. Fl.31S-12 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Easy grinding.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hours.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Sio2
ATFeli 022 oo2 33
FeO

57.43 0.56
21.17 9.36 0.00

MnO

0.58

MgO

1. 94

CaO

Na 2o

K2 0

P2o5

so c

3

(org.)

0.00 0.75 0.48 0.53 0.28

co
H2

2o-

*

H2o+

Ignition

6.99

loss

Total

100.07*

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga . Geol.

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

(* = analysis recalculated on an H20- -free
basis by Smith, 1931, p. 100.)
Survey.

Date c.1930.

Method Standard "wet 11

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (SE. 1/4). Lat.

Long.

Field No. --R---1-0---------------, Collected by R.W. Smith.

Date 7-29-29

Sample Method Grab samples from new Weathering/alteration Weathered. 28 ft. water well.
Structural Attitude Near the trace of the Rome fault.

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian) near fault contact with Conasauga shales (Cambrian).
Sample Description & Comments Samples of soft, plastic, yellowish-brown shale which breaks into small waxy flakes - in lower 20, ft. of well beneath 8 ft. of soil and sub-soil containin rounded r avel. (Semi- bar d , dr ab-c ol ored shale also crops out along t he nearby l ow rid e. Located on the J. L. Johnson roperty

approximately half way be tween Robinson (on the E.) and Oreburg (on theW.) (Smith, 1931, p. 99-1 01; al so Furcron , 1958, p. 5. , No. 3 1, Dr . T.Ha rbin property- no f urther cerami c tests) .

Compiled by ----B-.--J-.--O--'C-o-n-n-o-r-----Date 2-10-86
-79-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-13

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number - - -R-8- - - -
Lab & No. Ga. Tech. #13

-------------- Date Reported 1931.

Ceramist R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Water of Plasticity ---~34~.6~.% Working Properties Good plasticity; rapid slaking;

Color Reddish-brown. riryi~g Shrinka~e

good molding behavior. 6.9 % Dry Strength (MOR) 208.9 ps1.

Remarks Drying Behavior: All test bars slightly warped.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF
("C)

,Color* (Munsell)

Hardness

Linear

(MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

Appr. Par. %

Other data: Warpage

1840 Salmon (1005) (4YR-6/7)

997

4.1 (10.4)

20.3

Slight.

1920 Salmon red (1050) (2YR-6/8)

1249

5.7 (11.5)

16.9

Some.

2000 Light red (1095) (lOR-5/7)

1542

6.3 (14.0)

13.6

Very slight.

2060 Good red

2197 10.4 (16.0)

8.1

(1125) (lOR-5/ 6)

Some.

2090 Dark red

1849

9.2 (14.9)

8.5

(1145) (1 OR-4/ 5)

Considerable.

2160 Dark

2053 10.3 (16.5)

6.7

( 1180) brownish red

(lOR-4/4)

Some to considerable.

Remarks/ Other Tests Firing Range= Cone (commercial kiln= Cone 01 to 4). This shale should be satisfactory for making bricks and possibly

5, No. 30- no further ceramic tests).
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.
*Note: MunsPll color notation "lOR" corresponds to the original notation 11 R-YR" reported in Smith (1931).

-80-

locn. no. Fl.31S-13 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Easy grinding.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hours.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Mineral

volume i.

Sio2
TFAeil022oo233
FeO

63.01 0.56 17.76 6.85 0.79

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica

MnO

0.00

Chlorite-

MgO

0.23

vermiculite

CaO

Na 2o

K20

P2o5

so
c

3

co
H2

o2 -

H2o+

(org.)

0.00 0.92 0.83 0.19 0.24
*

Montmorillonite Others
Total

Ignition

8. 72

loss Total

100 .10*

(* = analysis recalculated on an H20- -free basis

by Smith , 19 31 p . 10 2 . )

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date c.l930.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data: County Floyd.

Land Lot 186

Sec. 4

__ Dist. 4 __;,.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (S. edge) . Lat.

Long.

Field No. R-8

, Collected by R. W. Smith.

--~~--------------

Date 7-29-29

Sample Method Grab samples.

Weathering/alteration Weathered.

Structural Attitude -----------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group shale (Cambrian).

of Orebur station no further
Compiled by ----B-.--J-.--O--'C-o-n-n-o-r---------- Date ---2---1-0--8--6----------81-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material __S_h_a_l~e~, __s_o_f_t~(~C~o_n~a~s_a_u~g~a~)~ -------- Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-14

County

Floyd.

Raw Properties:

Sample Number ---R---5=3------ -
Lab & No. Ga. Tech., #14.

Date Reported 1931.

Ceramist R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

~~~-------

Water of Plasticity

27.4 %Working Properties Plaaticity is a little grainy

at first, good after aging overnight; fairly rapid slak i ng; good molding behavior.

Color Light

Drying Shrinkage ----~5~ ~0 --~% Dry Strength (MOR) 153.2 psi.

grayi sh-brown.

Remarks Drying Behavior: good.

Slow Firin~ Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF (oC)

Color (Munsell)

Hardness

Linear

(MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage

1840 Dark salmon 0005) (I YR-6/8)

1259

5.4 (10. 3)

12.0

Slight.

1920 Light red (1050) (IYR-5/7)

1463 5.8 (10.5)

10.3

Slight.

2000 Medium red

2060 6.6 (11.3)

7.2

(1095) (1 YR-5/5)

Slight.

2060 Good red

2589 9.1 (13.6)

3.8

(1125) (IYR-4/4)

Some.

2090 Deep

1839 7.0 (ll.5)

3.1

Bad.

(1145) chocolate red

(2YR-3/5)

2160 Deep

2570 6.7 (11. 4)

2.1

(1180) chocolate

(2YR-3/3)

Considerable.

Remarks / Other Tests Firing Range = Cone 1 to 5 (Commercial kiln = Cone 02 to
4). The shale is suitabl e f or making brick - poss ibly for tile and sewer pipe
( Smi th, 19 31, p . 106; also Furcron, 1958 , No. 34 , p.6 -see F1.57- 15).

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-82-

locn. no. Fl.31S-14 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Fairly easy grinding, brittle.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hours.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Mineral

volume %

Si02 Ti02 Al 2o3 Fe 2o3 FeO

55.43 0.81
27.56 5.91

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica

MnO

Chlorite-

MgO

trace

vermiculite

GaO

0.00

Montmorillonite

Na 2o K20 P2o5
S03
c

(erg.)

0.72 1. 63 trace 0.00

Others Total

COz
HH22oo+-
Ignition

* 7.89

loss Total

99.95*

(* = analysis recalculated on an H20- -free basis

by Smith, 1931, p. 104.)

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date c.l930.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd

Land Lot 101

------~---------

Sec.

4

Dist. 15

- - - - - 7 1/2' topo quad. a1attoogaville (SE. 1/4). Lat.

Long.

Field No. --R---5-3---------------, Collected by R. W. Smith.

Date 8-14-29

Sample Method Grab samples.

Weathering/alteration Weathered.

Structural Attitude Strike N. 70 W., dip 45N.

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group shale (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments Samples of soft, olive-green to drab shale (flaky-
weathering in places and splinter in others) from cuts on the "road from Lavender Station to Early Station' - present Ga. Hwy. 20 ? on the slope E. of King Creek. The road forms the boundary between the C. Evans pr ope rty on t he N. and the G. Russell property on the S. (Smith, 1931, p. 103-106)-corresponding to the W. E. Bridges and D. Dav i s properties respectivel of Furcron (1958, p. 6, No. 34 - see Fl. '5 7-15

Compiled by ---B-.--J-.--O--'C--o-n-n-o-r----------- Date
-83-

2-10-86

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material ~S~h~a~l~e~,~s~o~f~t~(~C~o~n~a~s~a~ug~a~)~ -------- Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-15

County

Floyd.

Raw Properties:

Sample Number --R-~-3-'7---------
Lab & No. Ga. Tech., #15.

Date Reported 1931.

Ceramist

--~~~-----------

R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Water of Plasticity

26.8 % Working Properties Good plasticity; fairly rapid

slaking; good molding behavior.

Color Brownish-drab. Drying Shrinkage

4.5 % Dry Strength (MOR) 171.2 psi.

Remarks Drying Behavior: All test bars slightly warped.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF (oC)

Color* (Munsell)

Hardness

Linear

(MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage

1840 Salmon (1005) (3YR-6/ 7)

701 3.5 (7. 9)

16.8

Slight.

1920 Light red (1050) (1 OR-5/5)

1107 4.4 (8.5)

14.1

Slight.

2000 Medium red (1095) (1 OR-5/ 3)

1318 5.4 (9. 7)

12.9

Slight.

2060 Fair red ( 1125) (lOR-5/4)

1636 6.8 (10.8)

10.5

Slight.

2090 Deep red

2032 7.4 (11.7)

7.3

(1145) (1 OR-4/5)

Considerable.

2160 Very

2203 8.4 (12. 5)

6.4

( 1180) deep red

(8R-4/3)

Some.

Remarks / Other Tests Firing Range = Cone 1 to 5 and higher (commercial kiln =
Cone 02 to 05). This shale is suitable for the manufacture of brick and possibly tile and sewer pi e (Smith, 1 93 1 , . 108 a l so Furcron, 1958, 6, No. 32. - no fu r ther ceramic tests

Preliminary BloatinR (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

*Note: Munsell color not~tion "lOR" corr e sponds to the original notation "R-YR" reported in Smith (1931).

~84-

locn. no. Fl.31S-15 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Fairly easy grinding, brittle.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hours.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Min e ralogy: No t determine d.

Oxide

y!eight %

Mi n e r a l

volume %

Sio2 Ti02
Al203
Fe203 FeO MnO
MgO CaO

60.92 0.93
20.84 7.32 0.64
0.04 0 . 48

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite

Na20

trace

Others

K20
P2os so3
c

(org.)

1. 24 0 . 12 0 . 24

Total

C02

HH22oo+-

*

Ignition

7.18

loss Total

99. 95*

(* = analysis recalcul a ted on an H20- -free basis

by Smith, 19 31, p. 10 7 . )

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date c.l930.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot 286

Sec.

4

7 1/ :1 ' topo quad. Livingston (NW. 1/4) . Lat.

__ Dist. 4 .........;.
Long.

Field No. ---R---3-7--------------, Collected by R. W. Smith

Date 8-6-29

Sample Method Grab sample.

Weathering/alteration Weathered.

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group shale (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments Soft, olive-green shale which breaks into thin, flat 1eces and flakes with a wa xy luster - about 50 f t. thick e x posure on the S. bank
o f the Coosa Ri ver at Turner Bend, 10 miles a i rl i ne) W. of Rome. No limestone is visible i n the shale, but a lense of massive limes tone underlies it near the shore line. Th i s outcrop i s near the l ine be tween tbe J. B. W1lliams and L. N. Coop e r
r opert i es ( Smith, 193 1, 106 to 108; also Furcron, 1958, . 6 , No. 32 -no further ceramic tests .

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date -----2---1-0---8-6---------
-85-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, hard to semi-hard (Conasauga). Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-16

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number -R--30-- - - -
Lab & No. Ga. Tech., #16.

Date Reported 1931.

Ceramist R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

-~~~------

Water of Plasticity

20.7 %Working Properties Poor and grainy plasticity ,

even on aging a week; slow slaking; poor molding behavior (b ars swa l led and crac ked ).

Color Light brown. Drying Shrinkage ---~2~.0~~% Dry Strength (MOR) 75.1 psi.

Remarks Drying Behavior: Test bars show slight warpage.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx . Temp.
OF
(oC)

Color* (Munsell)

Hardness

Linear

(MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage

1840 Light red

1879 4.8 ( 6. 7)

9.7

(1005) (2YR-6/7)

Slight.

1920

*

*

* *

6.9

*

(1050)

2000 Medium red

2383 4.6 (6.4)

7.2

(1095) (lOR-5/5)

Some.

2060 Good red

2534 6.8 (8. 7)

4.9

(1125) (lOR-4/4)

Considerable.

2090 Deep

2034 6.4 (7.8)

1.9

Bad .

(1145) brownish red

(lOR-3/5)

2160 Deep

2934 8.2 (10.0)

2.4

Bad.

(1180) brownish red

(lOR-3/4)

(*=all test bars broke in handling.)

Remarks / Other Tests Firing r ange= Cone 06 to 3 (commercial kiln= Cone 06 - 1). Shale is usable for makin brick and ossible structural tile. The oor wor ki n

pugging ( Smith 1931, . 109 and 110) .

lass and vesicular structure be an to

develo p at rel ativel y low temperatures approx. 2090-2160 F ind icat ing it mi ght be

used for expanded aggregate production.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

*Note: Munsell color notation "lOR" corresponds to the original notation "R-YR" reported in Smith (1931).

-86-

locn. no. Fl.31S-16 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Fairly easy grinding, brittle.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hours.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Sio2

Ti02

Al Fe

22oo 33

FeO

55.94
Q.SS
24.92
7.80

MnO

MgO

0.13

CaO
Na 2o
KzO

0.00 1.17 1. 94

PzOs

0.26

803

0.59

c

(org.)

HCH022o2o+-
Ignition

~'r
6.76

loss

Total

100.06

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga.

Geol.

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quart;z Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

(* = analysis recalculated on an H20- -free
basis by Smith, 1931, p. 109.)
Survey.

Date c.1930.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot ---- Sec.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rome South (cntr.) . Lat.

Dist. Long.

Field No. ----~R_-~3~0____________, Collected by R. W. Smith.

Date 8-2-29

Sample Method Grooves (6 and 3 ft.) Weathering/alteration Little weathered. + grab sample composite.
Structural Attitude Apparent strike N.25E., dip approx. 65E, variable.

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian) shale.

Sample Description & Comments Semi-hard to hard , greenish-drab to brown
shale from about a 500 ft. long cut along US 411 -Ga. Hw . 53, 1/2 mile N. of Six Mile Station, about 1/4 mi. W. of the Southern RR., about 5 1 2 miles SW. of Rome, on the P. M. Foster property. The samples are of somewhat fissile shale from theN. end (3 ft. groove) and S. end (6 ft. groove) and a grab

siliceous (less weathered ?) (Smi th, 1931, p. 108 to 110.)

-------------------- Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date

------~~------------------

2-10-86

-87-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, hard to semi-hard (Conasauga). Compilation Map of Location No.Fl.31S-l7

County Floyd.

Sample Number __R_-..4:..:.8_ __ _

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Tech. #17.

----------- Date Reported 1931.

Ceramist R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Water of Plasticity

24.1 %Working Properties Very poor plasticity, even on

aging a week; very slow slakingj poor molding behavior (b ars swell, tear, and crack

on ed es) .

Color Light

Drying Shrinkage _

brownish-gray

3.6 %Dry Strength (MOR) 44.3 psi.

Remarks Drying Behavior: All test bars somewhat warped.

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF
( oc)

Color* Hardness

Linear

(Munsell) (MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

1840 Dark salmon (1005) (3YR-6/8)

726 3.3 (6. 7)

14.2

1920 Light red

1588 5.0 (8.5)

9.8

(1050) (lYR-5/5)

2000 Medium red

1260 5.0 (8.2)

10.3

(1095) (2YR-5/6)

2060 Medium red

1773 5.5 (8.8)

9.0

( 1125) (lYR-5/5)

2090 Good red

1809 5.9 (9.3)

5.2

(1145) (lOR-4/4)

2160 Deep

2547 7.3 (11.2)

2.3

( 1180) brownish red

(lOR-3/4)

2).

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage
Some.

Considerable.

Considerable.

Considerable.

Bad.

Bad (slight vitrification on broken ends)
= Cone 04 to

Preliminar y Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.
*Note:Munsell color notation "lOR" corresponds to the original notation "R-YR" in Smith (1931).
-88-

locn. no. Fl.31S-17 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material): Fairly easy grinding, brittle.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hours.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Mine ral

volume %

Sio2 Tio2 Al 2o 3 Fe 2o3 FeO

56.32 1. 09
26.34 6.45

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica

MnO

Chlorite-

MgO

trace

vermiculite

CaO
Na 2o
K20
P2o5
so3 C02
HH22oo+-
Ignition

0.00 0.90 2.72 trace 0.00
*
6.12

Montmorillonite Others
Total

loss Total

99. 94*

(* = a nalysis recalculated on an H20- -free basis

by Smith, 1931, p . 111.)

Analy s t E. Everhart, Ga . Geol. Survey.

Date 1931.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot 324 , Sec. 3

Dist. 23

7 1/2' topo quad. Rome South (NE. 1/4) . Lat.

Long.

Field No. R-48

, Collected by R. W. Smith.

----~~------------

Date 8-8-29

Sample Method Grab.

Weathering/alteration --------------

Structural Attitude Beds strike N.20E. and dip about 90E.

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group shale (CaffiPrian).

Sample Description & Comments Shale is from outcrops of semi-hard to hard, g reenish-drab Conasau a shale wea t herin into smal l flat pi eces and long splinters. Located on a low rid ge between the Southern RR . and S1 lver Cre ek on the west on the J. M. Graham prop e rty 1-1/2 miles S. of Rome and just N. of New Rome (Smith, 1931, p. 111 - 112.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 2-10-86
------~~----------
-89-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl. 31S-18~

------~------~------~~---------

County

Floyd.

Sample Number ----R---3-2---A----

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Tech., #18.

Date Reported --1-9-3-1-. ----------- Ceramist R. W. Smith , Ga. Geol. Survey.

Water of Plasticity

27.2 %Working Properties Fair plasticity, a little

11 short 11 ; rapid slakin fair moldin behavior (cl a column tore some at edges and

broke easil

__ Color Brownish-tan Drying Shrinkage

3.1 __;,..;.,;;,_% Dry Strength (MOR) 62.0 ps1.

Remarks Dry ing Behavior: Test bars all slightl y war ped .

Slow Firing Tests:

Approx. Temp.
OF (oC)

Color* (Munsell)

Hardness

Linear

(MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

dry (plastic)

Absorption %

1840 Salmon (1005) (4YR-6/6)

992 5.0 (7 .8)

15.7

1920 Salmon ( 1050) (2YR-5/5)

1122 4.8 (7.7)

15.7

2000 Dark salmon (1095) (2YR-6/5)

1423

5.9 (8.7)

12.9

2060 Fair red

1958 8.8 (11.5)

8.8

(1125) (lOR-4/4)

2090 Good red

2342 9.9 (12. 9)

5.8

( 1145) (lOR-4/3)

2160 Deep

2775 10.9 (13.8)

2.8

(1180) chocolate red

(lOR-3/ 3)

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Warpage
Slight.

Slight.

Some.

Some .

Considerable.

Considerable.

Prel~ninary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined. *Note:Munsell color notatiun 11 l0R11 corresponds to the original notation 11 R-YR11 reported in Smith (1931).
-90-

locn. no. Fl.31S-18a, cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Easy grinding.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hours .

Cl~tm i ca I & Mimralogical Datn:

Chemical Analysis

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Mineral

volume %

Sio 2
ATFeil o22oo2 33
FeO

62.20 0.37
18.65 9.07

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica

MnO

Chlorite-

MgO

0.14

vermiculite

CaO

0.00

Montmorillonite

Na 2o K20 P2o5

1. 55 1. 66 trace

Others

so3

0.52

c

(org.)

Total

CH022o-
11 20+ Ignition

* 5.83

loss Total

99.99*

(* = analysis recalculated on an H20- -free basis

by Smith, 1931, p. 113.)

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date c.l930.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' tapa quad. Rome North (SE. 1/4) . Lat.

Long.

Field No. ---R---3-2---A------------, Collected by R. W. Smith

Date 8-3-29

Sample Method Grab from stockpile. Weathering/alteration Weathered.

Structural Attitude Strike N.30E,, dip about 90E,

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments Stockpile sample of soft, brownish-drab shale mined from the shale pit (about 100 x 75 ft. and 25 ft. deep) just east of the B. M. Hood
tile plant in North Rome--exact location unspecified (Smith, 1931, p. 112 Shale in the pit is overlain by 5 to 15 ft. of alluvial and colluvial

which was used in the tile plant.)

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date ---2---1-0---8-6-----------

-91-

Material

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Clay, plastic (a 11 uv i a 1) .

Compilation Map Location N' o. Fl.31S-18b

County Flold.

Sample Number R-32-B

Raw Properties: Da t e Reported 1931.

Lab & No. Ga. Tech., 1n8.
Ceramist R. w. Smith , Ga. Geol. Survel

Water of Plasticity

26.4 %Working Properties Good plasticity; rapid slaking;

excellent molding behavior.

Color Dark buff. Drying Shrinkage

8.1 %Dry Strength (MOR) 344.2 psi.

Remarks Dry ing Behavior: Good, very little warpage.

Slow Firirtg Tests:

Aprox. Temp.
OF
(oC)

Color* Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Munsell) (MOR) psi. Shrinkage, %

%

dry (plastic)

Appr. Par. %

Other data: Warpage

1840 Light salmon 1140 (1005) (5YR-7/6)

2.0 (10.1)

16.2

Very s 1ight.

1920 Salmon (1050) (4YR-6/6)

1227 2.0 (9.9)

15.1

Slight.

2000 Dark salmon (1095) (lYR-6/5)

1260

3.5 (11.3)

12.7

Very slight.

2060 Light red ( 1125) (2YR-5/5)

1346 4.2 (12.2)

12.4

Very slight.

2090 Meditml (1145) light red
(1 YR-5/6)

1388 3. 0 (10.4)

12.5

Slight.

2160 Meditml red ( 1180) (lYR-5/4)

1385 4.1 (11.9)

11.2

Slight.

Remarks Cone 01

193 1, p. 112-116 .

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

*Note:Munsell color notation "5RY11 corresponds to the original notation "YR" reported in Smith ( 1931).

-92-

locn. no. Fl.31S-18b, cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Easy grinding.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time Approx. 17 hours .

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Sio2
ATFeil 022oo2 33
FeO

63.95 0.46 19.68 5.50

MnO

MgO

0.23

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite

CaO
Na 2o
KzO
P2os
so 3
C

(org.)

0.10 1.18 0.78 trace 0.35

Montmorillonite Others
Total

COz

H2 o-

*

H2o+

Ignition

7.68

loss Total

99.91*

(* = analysis recalculated on an HzO- -free
basisby Smith, 1931, p. 114.)

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga . Geol. Survey.

Date c.l930.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' tapa quad. Rome North (SE. 1/4) Lat.

Long.

Field No. R-32-B

, Collected by R. W. Smith.

--~~~~----------

Date 8-3-29

---------- Sample Method Grab-from stockpile. Weathering/alteration

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Recent (?) alluvial terrace deposits above the Etowah River.

Sample Description & Comments Sample of plastic, blue to brown alluvial clay with
"more or less" fine sand and some f ine mica from pit beneath about 8 in. of soil
overburden. Pit located S. of the B. M. Hood Co. roo f ing tile plant in North
Rome--exact location unspecified (Smith, 1931, P 112, 114 - 116).

-------------------- Compiled by --~B~~J~~O-'~C~o~n~n_o~r______

Date

2-10-86

-93-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, hard (Conasauga). County Floyd.

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-l9
__ _____ Sample Number R-41;........

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Tech., #19.

Date Reported 1931.

Ceramist R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

~~~---------

Water of Plasticity

%Working Properties Very poor plasticity, even after

aging a week; very slow s lak i ng; and very poor molding

behavior.

Co lor Reddish-brown. Drying Shrinkage _____% Dry Strength

Slow Firing Tests: Not determined due to very poor working properties.

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

Remarks I Other Tests This shale "Had so little plasticity that the sample was
dis carded wi t hout further tests." This indicates that the shale, by itself, is
not suitable for making heavy cl ay products. However , i t might be usabl e f or light-weight aggregate manufacture (Smith, 1931, p. 117 and 118).
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-94-

locn. no. Fl.31S-19 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Fairly easy grinding, brittle.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Sio2
TFAeli 022oo2 33
FeO

54.04 0.90
26.10 9.50 0.76

MnO

MgO

trace

CaO
Na 2o
K20 P2o5
303
c

(org.)

0.00 0.10 2.31 0.20 0.17

HHC022oo2+-

*

Ignition

5.85

loss

Total

99. 93*

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga.

Geol.

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

(* = analysis recalculated on an H20- -free
basis by Smith, 1931, -. 117.)
Survey

Date c.l930.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County ~F~l~o~y_d_______ Land Lot 256 and 257, Sec. 3

Dist. 24 .

7 1/2' tapa quad. Shannon (N. side) . Lat.

Long .

Field No. -----R---4-1------------, Collected by R. W. Smith

Date 8-7-29

Sample Method Grab samples.

Weathering/alleration Some weathering.

Structural Attitude Beds strike N.45E. and dip approx. 65SE.

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments Samples of hard, brownish-red shale, locally
weathered into slabs 1 to 2 in. thick, from cuts along the Southern RR., N. of Pinson Station, over a total distance of about 1/4 mile. Samples at botb ends of theW. T. Watters property, on the west side of the RR., 10 miles NE. of Rome (Smi th, 1931, . 117 and 118). This was described as the Bill McKeller pro ert by Furcron 1958, p. 4, No. 19

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 2-10-86
--~~~~--------
-95-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, hard (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.31S-20

----~~--~--~~~--~~---------

County

Floyd.

Sample Number --R--2-0----------

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Ga. Tech., #20.

Date Reported --~19~3~1-.---------- Ceramist R. W. Smith, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Water of Plasticity

%Working Properties Very poor plasticity, even

after aging a week; very slow slaking; and very poor molding

behavior.

Color Reddish-brown. Drying Shrinkage _____% Dry Strength -----------------

Slow Firing Tests: Not determined due to very poor working properties.

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

Remarks / Other Tests This shale "had so little p lasticity that the s ample was discarded without further tests.'' --indicating that, by i tself , the shale is not suitabl e f or making heavy cl ay products. In 1928-1929 th is pr operty was optioned and p ros pected for li ~ht-we i h t a re ate manuf acture, and t he shale was re ported
to h ave be en fo und satis f acto ry Smit h, 1931 , p. 118 ) .
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-96-

locn. no. Fl.31S-20 , cont.

Crushing Characl eristics (unfired material) Fairly easy grinding, brittle.

Particle Size -16 mesh. Retention Time - - - - - - -
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analys .. s

Oxide

Height %

Si02
TFAeil022oo2 33
FeO

60.67 0.54
22.05 7.62 0.00

MnO

0.43

MgO

0. 20

CaO

Na 2o

K20
PzOs

so c

3

(org.)

0.00 0.76 1.85 0.13 0.12

CH02 o2 -

*

H2o+

Ignition

5.32

loss

Total

99.69*

Analyst E. Everhart, Ga.

Geol.

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

(* = analysis recalculated on an H20- -free
by Smith, 1931, p. 118.)
Survey.

basis

Date c.1930.

Method Standard "wet".

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot 257

Sec.

3

Dist. 24 .

7 1/2' topo quad. Shannon (N. side) . Lat.

Long .

Field No. R-20

, Collected by R. W. Smith

---~--------------

Date 7-31-29

Sample Method Groove (12 ft.) + grab Weathering/alteration Variably weathered. samples.
Structural Attitude ------------------------------------------------

Strat: igraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

SampLe Description & Cormnents Samples of hard, reddish-brown to gray shale,
weathered into slabs which break into splinter fra ments. 12 ft. groove sample taken from a cut on the Southern RR. E. side , 1/2 to l/4 mi. N. of Pinson

"shallow prospect hole near the road" (railroad ?). This locality belonged to the National City Bank (Rome) when it was sampled and Lies approximately 10.25 miles NE. of Rome (Smith, 1931, p. 118).

C>mpi led by B. J. O'Connor

Date

2-10-86

-97-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Clay

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.43-l

County

Flo~d.

Sample Number

Raw Properties: Date Reported 8-12-43

Lab & No. Hansard, :/fFL G 1.
Ceramist w. c. Hansard, Ga. Tech.

Water of Plasticity

%Working Properties Not very plastic; somewhat

sticky.

Color Light gray. Drying Shrinkage

% Dry Strength -----------------

Remarks Drying properties: No warp~ng of test tiles.

Slow Firing Tests:

Appr.ox.

Temp. OF

Color

( oc)

(in a gas-fired muffle kiln).

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Remarks

1145

Light Fairly

8.2

c.l5-20

(2093)

buff

hard*

(Cone 0 1)

Quite porous.

2138

Light Fairly

8.5

c.l5-20

(1170)

buff

hard*

(Cone 3)

Quite porous.

2246

Light

9.1

(1230)

buff

(Cone 6)

* can still be cut with a knife. ** almost steel hard.

c.lS-20

Quite porous.
Free of warping at all cones.

Remarks / Other Tests The c l ay would probably have to be mixed with a more plastic and lower-maturing clay for making pottery or structural clay products due to its stickiness and somewhat high maturing t emperature. However, its color and lack of warpage indicate it might be worthwhile i f blended properly.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-98-

locn. no. Fl.43-l , cont;

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size

Retention Time

Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si0 2

Ti Al Fe

0 2
2

oo2 3 3

FeO

MnO

MgO

GaO
Na 2o
K20

P2os
s c

(total) (org.)

HC02o2 -
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Ana l yst

Dat P

Me tlt od

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

7 1/2' topo quad. Shannon (or Wax?)

Sec. . Lat.

Dist. Long .

Field No.

Collected by M. N. Griffin.

Date May 1943.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration -------------

Structural Attitude ------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Tertiar (?) - probabl residual from Knox Group
(C ambrian-Ordov i c ian carbonates.
Sample Description & Conunents Light gray cl ay ("po ss i bl y of the fuller's earth or meta-bentonite typ e s") which is s ome wh a t sticky when Y~et, but does not seem to contain an appreci able quantity o f grit. Collect ed by Mr.
Griffin, Griffin Foundr & Mach i ne Co. Rome , fr om hi s farm on the Kin g ston Roa d Ga. Hwy. 293 - formerly Hwy. 20 . Un~ubl. notes from Ga. Geol. Surv ey
fil es.)

CompLled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 8-12-86

-99-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material ~C~l~a~y~(~f~i~n~e~-~~g r~a~in~e~d~k~a~o~l~i~n~)~------ Compilation Map Location No. Fl.46-1

County

Floyd.

Raw Propertie s:

Sample Number - - - - - - - -
Lab & No. USBM, Norris, TN; Ga-25.

--------------- Date Reported 7-18-46.

Ceramist H. Wilson, USBM.

Wat e r of Plasticity ------~% Working Properties Good plasticity and slakes readily.
Color Near white Drying Shrinkage ____<_2~5 ____% Dry Strength
(yellow and red stains).

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
( oC)

Color Hardness

2192 Almost

Very

0200) white with hard

red spots

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

<25

Appr. Por. %

Other data:

Remarks I Other Tests This clay may be of possible use for structural clay
products manufacture.
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined. (No evidence of bloating from overfiring.)

-100-

locn. no. Fl . 46-l , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size ( 11 fine- grained 11 ). Retention Time 10 hours.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si0 2
TAFeito22oo233
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2 o
K20
P2os
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method

Sampl e Location Data:

County ___F_l_o~y_d_._________ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Shannon (NE. 1/4)

. Lat.

Long

Field No.

Collected by K. H. Teague (TVA). Date June 1946.

Sample Method ___G_r_a_b~( _? ~) _. __

Weathering/alteration --------------

Structural Attitude ---------------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Tertiary (?) residual cl ay from Knox Group (CambrianOrdovician) carbonates.
Sample Description & Comments Sa m le of white cla collected from near an old
bauxite mine (about) 3 miles east of Hermitage in eastern Floyd Co. unpubl. notes from Ga. Geol. Survey f iles).

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date

11-29-82

----~~~~-----

-101-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl. 46-2

County Floyd .

Sample Number - -9. - - -- -

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. TVA, N. C. State Coll ege Research Lab

Ashev i lle , N. C.; TVA # 106

--------------- Date Reported 10-8-46

Ceramist M. K. Banks, TVA.

Water of Plasticity ----------%Working Properties ----------------------------

Color Dark brpwn. Drying Shrinkage __________% Dry Strength

Slow Firing Tests: Not determined.

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firin g ) Tests: _N_e.g~a_t_i_v_e_.__________

2350 (1288)

Absorption %

Bulk Density lb/ft 3

Pore Structure

2400 (1316)

Gray-white color, not vitrified (too refractory).

2450 (1343)

Remarks Not usable , by itself , for li ght-wei ght a ggregate manufacture.

-102-

lotn. no. Fl.46~2 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -8 mesh. Retention Time 30 min. (in muffle furnace).

Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

SiOz

TiOz

AI Fe

22oo33

FeO

HnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K20

PzOs
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carhonqte Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Anal'JSt

Date

Method ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

County ___F~l_o~y~d_._________ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (cntr.) . Lat.

Long.

Field No. ----~9--------------, Collected by S. D. Broadhurst (TVA). Date 1946?

Sample Method Grab (?)

Weathering/alteration

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Material is fresh~ dark brown to black, banded shale which is uite hi ,h in silica and heavil iron stained. Sam: le taken

Station on the Central of Ga. RR. (W. of map locn. #81, in Butts and Gildersleeve, 1948). (From an interim report on tests from N.E. Research Lab via H. S. Rankin, TVA 10-22-46 . )

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 11-29-82 -103-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material __S_h_a_l_e~(_C_o_n_a_s_a_u~g_a__G_r_o_u~p~) _. ________ Compilation Map Location No. Fl. 46-3

County

Floyd.

Raw Properties:

Date Reported 10-18-46

Sample Number ~1~0~ -----------
Lab & No. TVA, N. C. State Colle~e Research Lab Asheville, N. C.; TVA~ 10 7
Ceramist M. K. Banks, TVA.

Water of Plasticity

%Working Properties

----------~

---------------~~---------

Color Grayish-green. Drying Shrinkage ________% Dry Strength -----------------

Slow Firing Tests: Not determined.

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Positive.

2350 (1288)

Absorption %

Bulk Density lb/ft 3

Pore structure

2400 (1316)

60

Excellent.

2450 (1343)

30

Excellent.

Remarks Bloatin ~ ran ge = 2350 to ab out 2500F (1288 to 1371C); best at 2450F l343 5C .

-104-

locn. no. Fl.46-3 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -8 mesh. Retention Time 30 nnn. (in muffle furnace).

Chemical & Minera logical Oat n: Not d(termi ned.

Chemica 1 Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe203 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20

P2os
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
n2o-
H2o+

[gnition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rome South (cntr.) . Lat.

Long .

Field No.

10

, Collected by S. D.Broadhurst (TVA). Date 1946?

--~~--------------

Sample Hethod Grab (?)

Weathering/alteration

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments Material is hard, grayish-green, quite sandy shale
with abundant, thin sandstone layers. It is quite tocgh and blocky when fresh and weathers to light gray flakes. Location is 6 miles S. of Rome on U.S. 411-27 and 1/4 mi. N. of Six Mile Station. (From an interim report on tests from N.C. Research Lab via H. S. Rankin, TVA, 10-22-46; report ed in Butts and Gildersleeve, 19Lr8, p. 125, Table 8, no. 3.) Also see tests on 31S-16 and 60-la to 60-lf .

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date -105-

2-10-86

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material County

__s_h_a_l_e~(_F_l_o~y_d~)_._________________ Compilation Map Location No. Fl.46-4

Floyd.

______ Sample Number 15. _...:....._

Raw Properties:

Lab & No.

Date Reported 10-8-46

Ceramist

--~~~-----

TVA, N. C. State College Research Lab Asheville, N. C.; TVA# 112. M. K. Banks, TVA.

-------- Water of Plasticity

%Working Properties

Co 1or B La c k

- - - - - Drying Shrinkage

% Dry Strength

Slow Firing Tests: Not determined.

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Temp. OF
oc
2350 (1288)

Absorption %

Bulk Density /cm3 lb/ft3

Pore Structure

2400 (1316)

Gray-white color; not vitrified (too refractory).

2450 (1343)

Remarks Not usable, by itself, for Light weight aggregate manufacture.

-106-

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

locn. no. Fl.46-4 , cont

Particle Size -8 mesh. Retention Time 30 mi~. (in muffle furnace).

Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

SiDz

TiDz
Al 2o3
Fez03
FeD

MnD

MgD

CaD
Na 2o
KzO

PzOs

s

(total)

c

(org.)

HCO2oz -
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst ------------Date

Method -------------
Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rome North (SW. 1/4) . Lat.

Long.

----------- Field No. 15

Collected by S. D. Broadhurst (TVA) Date 1946?

Sample Method Grab (?)

- - - - - - - - - - - Weathering/alteration

Structural Attitude -----------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Sample is from west Rome just S. of the Central of
Ga. RR., near Battey State Hospital. The shale is black, and ranges from hard and tough to sof t and flaky. This deposit has been extensively worked for brick shale but large tonnages still rema i n. (From an interim report on tests from N. C. Research Lab via H. S. Rankin, TVA, 10-22-46). (Also see Fl. 31S-6.)

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 11-29-82

-107-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material __C~l~a~y~(_s_a_n_d~y__k_a_o_l_i_n~)M. ____________ Compilation Map Location No. Fl.48-l

County

Floyd,

Raw Properties:

Sample Number - - - - - - - -
Lab & No. USBM, Norris, TN; # Ga. 40.

Date Reported 7-21-48.

Ceramist K. G. Skinner, USBM.

--~~~~----

- - - - - - Water of Plasticity

% Working Properties

--------------- Color White (?).

Drying Shrinkage - - - - - - -% Dry Strength

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
( oc)
2372 ( 1300)

Color White

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

6.5

7.0

Remarks / Other Tests Washing the unfired clay removed 31.3% white silica sand which, if the iron content is low enough and the 10% fines of -200 mesh are not ob'ectionable, mi ht be used in lass chemical or cerami c industr. Washin and or screening the clay to remove the sand would probably reduce the fired absorption. The clay might then be used in mak ing whiteware, refractories, or paper filler.
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-108-

locn. no. Fl.48-l , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size ------------ Retention Time --------------
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02
Al 2o3
Fez03

FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K20
PzOs
s c
Hco2o2 -
H2o+

(total) (org.)

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy (partial):

Mineral

volume %

Quartz (sand)

31.3

Feldspar

Carbonate

Mica

Chlorite-

vermiculite

Montmorillonite

Others

(largely kaolinite) 68.7

Total

100.00

Analyst

K. G. Skinner, USBM.

Date

7-21-48

Method

Washing to remove sand.

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. --U-n-k-n-o-w--n-. --------------. Lat.

Field No.

Collected by W. M. Brown.

Long. Date c.July 1948.

Sample Method Grab (?). Structural Attitude

Weathering/alteration --------------

Stratigraphic Assignment __T_e_r_t_i_a_r~y~(~?_. ~) --------------------------------------
Sample Description & Comments Sample of sandy kaolin submit ted by Mr. W. M. Brown, Rt. 1, Rome , Ga. (Exact location and nature o f sample not known-unpubl. data from Geol. Survey files).

Compiled by ---B-.--J-.--O--'C-o-n--n-o-r----------- Date 8-12-86

-109-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Cla .

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.48-2

--~-------------------------------

County

Floyd.
--~--------------------

Sample Number -G-a-.--1-6---------

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. TVA. #534 - 1 to 5.

Date Reported ---1-0---2-5---4-8-.-------- Ceramist M. K. Banks., TVA.
Water of Plasticity ----------% Working Properties
Color ------------- Drying Shrinkage - - - - -% Dry Strength

Slow Firing Tests:

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Temp.

Absorption Bulk Density

Remarks

OF

%

2000 (1093)

No change - all samples (1 to 5).

2200 (1204)

Began to vitrify - samples 1 and 5. No change - samples 2 to 4.

2400 (1316)

Began to vitrify- all samples.

Remarks Samples do not appear to be suitable for lightweight aggregate manufacture.

-110-

locn. no. Fl.48-2 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size

Retention Time - - -- - - -

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis (Ignition loss only).

Oxide

Weight %

SiOz

TiOz

Al Fe

22oo33

FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o

KzO

PzOs
s

c

(total) (org.)

COz
H2 o-
H2o+ Ignition
loss
Total

12.0 (#1)
10.0 Uf2)
7. o UF3 and 1F4)
8.0 UFS)

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

Analyst M. K. Banks, TVA.

Date 10-25-48.

Method ---------------
Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Livingston (?)

. Lat.

Long.

Field No. Sample Method Grab (?). Structural Attitude

Collected by W. P. Davis (?). Date 1948.
Weathering/alteration ---------

Stratigraphic Assignment Unknown.
Sample Description & Comments Clay sample from Mr. W. P. Davis of RFD#2, Cave
Spring. (Exact location and nature of sample not known, but it may correspond to the Dav i s bauxite mi ne 3 mi les NW. of Cave Spring- see White, and others, 1966, Plate 3).

Compiled by ---B.-J-. -O-'C-o-nn-or------ Date ---8--1-2--8-6 ------
-111-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-1

County Floyd.

Sample Number __1_. _ __ __

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM, Norris, TN.; No. 858-A.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

--~~~~----

Water of Plasticity

30 %Working Properties Fairly plastic and smooth-

working. Extrusion Characteristics: Fair. pH = 8.50. Solu-Br. = 2.60.

Color Light red. Drying Shrinkage

5 % Dry Strength Good.

Remarks No drying defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

1800 Buff ( 982)

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs' )* Shrinkage, %

%

So f t,

5.5

17.2

crumbly (2)

Appr. Por. %

Other
data:
App.
s . Gr.
2.66

2000 Buff (1093)

Fair

7.5

Hard ( 3)

13.4

2.64

2100 Light buff- Very

11.0

4.5

(1149) red

hard (5)

2.52

2200 Red-brown Steel

13.5

1.3

2.47

(1204)

hard ( 6)

2300 Gray-brown Steel

13.5

0.7

2.33

(1260)

hard (6)

2400 Gray

Steel

(Expanded)

7.5

(1316)

hard ( 6)

2.18

Remarks I Other Tests Modulus of Rupture = 3500+ psi. This sample would probably
be suitable for common br i ck or tile; mottled pattern rather attractive at 2100F 0149 6 C). %shrinkage is on the hi h side. Petro raphic anal sis shows 5% + calcium carbonate. Al so see F1.31S-lla and b .

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

*Note: Mobs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell's 1967 revisions of 1964 test data sheets.

-112-

locn. no. Fl.57-l , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh Retention Time 15 min. draw tri a ls ( f ollowing 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F, 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: I

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Sio 2
ATFelio22oo233
FeD

MnO

MgO

GaO

Na 2o
K2 0

P2o5

s

(total)

c

(org.)

HC02o2 -
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X
5+
X
X
3 to 7

X= present 1n unspecified amounts.

Analyst

H. P. Hamlin, USBM

Date -------
Method

10-21-57. X-ray and pe tr og raphic analysis.

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot ---- Sec.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (cntr.). Lat.

Dist. Long.

Field No. -~1~-------- ' Collected by Ray & Furcron.

Date August 1957.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration --------

Structural Attitude - - ------------------ ---------

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

p-. 94) a-s part of the "T. A. Long property" (see Fl. 31S-lla and b).

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 8-12-86

--1 1 3 -

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-2

County Floyd.

Sample Number _....;2.....;______

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM; Norri~, TN.; No. 858-B.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

30 %Working Properties Short working, not plastic.

Extrusion Characteristics: Fair. pH = 6.60. Solu-Br. = 4.90.

Color Red-brown. Drying Shrinkage

5 % Dry Strength Average.

Remarks No drying defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

1800 Med i um ( 982) buff

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mobs')* Shrinkage, %

%

So f t,

6 .5

crumbly (2)

23 . 1

Appr. Por. %

Other data: App. Sp. Gr.
2.74

2000 Medium

Soft,

6.5

19.4

2. 70

(1093) buff

crumbly ( 2)

2100 Light red Fair

10.0

14.2

2.66

(1149)

hard ( 3)

2200 Red-brown Hard (4)

10.0

12.7

2.65

(1204)

2300 Brown

Hard (4)

11.0

8.5

(1260)

2.56

2400 Dark

Very

11.0

3.3

(1316) brown

hard (5)

2.58

Remarks I Other Tests Modulus of Rupture: 2500 si. The commercial
possibilities for brick and t i le are fair; the solubl e salt content is high as shown by the scumming ). Maturing temperature fo r br i ck is around 2300F (1260oC) and the color at that temperature is poor.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

*Note: Mohs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell's 1967 revisions of 1964 test data sheets.

-114-

locn. no. Fl.57-2 ~ cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 lfl(~Ah. Retenl i.on TimL' 15 nlln. draw LrialH (foLLnwing 'l-l hr. to 1800 F, 982C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

We i ght %

SiOz

TiOz

Al203
Fe 2o3
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K20

P2o5

s

(total)

c

(org.)

COz
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous'!) Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X X
X
3 to 7

X= present 1n unspecified amounts.

Analyst --------------------------
Date -------
Method ----------------
Sample Location Data:

H. P. Hamlin , USBM. 10-21-57. X-ray and petrographic analysis.

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 l/2' topo quad. Livingston (NW. 1/4) . Lat.

Long.

Field No. ~2~--------------- ' Collected by ~nd Furcron. Date August 1957.

Sample Method - -Gr-ab-(-?)-. --

Weathering/alteration ---------

Structural Attitude ------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments Sample of Conasauga shale from a large roadcut on
Ga. Hw . 100 (Foster's Mill Rd.). The cut is about 800 f t. long and range s from 10
to 25 ft. high N. to S. on th e Jack Roge rs prope rty about l mi l e S . of the Coosa River (Furcron, 1958, p. 6 2 No. 33 and D. Ray , unp ub l . notes, Aug. 1957, Ga. Geol. Survey files).

---- - ----------------- Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 3-.14-86
-~~~~---------

-115-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-3

--------------- County Floyd.

Sample Number 3.

----~--------------------

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM; Norris, TN.; No. 858-C.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

19 %Working Properties Short -working, not too plastic.

Extrusion Characteristics: Poor. pH = 5.7. Solu-Br. = 0.54.

Color Light red. Drying Shrinkage

5 % Dry Strength Good.

Remarks No dry ing defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

1800 Medium ( 982) buff

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mobs')* Shrinkage, %

%

Soft,

5.0

crumbly (2)

14.6

Appr. Por. %

Other data: App. Sp. Gr.
2. 72

2000 Orange- Fair

5. 5

(1093) red

hard (3)

11.6

2.67

2100 Red

Hard (4)

8.5

6.6

(1149)

2.63

2200 Red-brown Hard (4)

9.0

5.5

0204)

2.59

2300 Dark

Very

7.5

3.6

(1260) brown

hard (5)

2.42

2400 Dark

(slight

(5.5)

8.4

(1316) brown

bloating)

2.25

Remarks / Other Tests Modulus of Rup ture = 2800 psi. Commercial possibilities
for brick and tile are rather poor ; mi ght make a very common brick at 2100 - 2150F ( 1149-ll77 C).

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: _N~e~g~a_t_i_v~e~----------

*Note: Mobs hardness values are based on M.E.Tyrrell's 1967 revisions of 1964 test data sheets.

-116-

locn. no. Fl.57-3 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 h.r. to 1800 8 F, 982 8 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe203 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20

P2o5
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz . Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X X
X 3 to 7

X= present in unspecified amounts.

Analyst

H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Date

10-21-57.

Method

X-ray and petrographic analysis.

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2 1 topo quad. Livingston (E. center) Lat.

Long.

Field No. 3

, Collected by Ray and Furcron

--~-------------

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration

Date August 1957.

Structural Attitude ---------------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments Sample of Conasauga shale from roadcut on Ga.
H . 100 (Foster's Mill Rd.) between Coosa and CaveS ring, about 1.2 miles S. of Livingston D. Ray, unpubl. notes, Aug. 1957, Ga. Geol. Survey files).

Compiled by B. J. 0 1 Connor

Date ---3---1-0---8-6-----------

-117-

CERAMIC TESTS ANO ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-4

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number --4-.-------------
Lab & No. USBM; Norris, TN.; No. 858-D.

Date Reported ---1-0---2-1---5-7-.-------- Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

10 % Working Properties Short-working, not plastic.

Extrusion Characteristics: Not determined. pH = 7.20. Solu-Br. - 1.61.

Color Light red. Drying Shrinkage 5 % Dry Strength Very low.

Remarks

Slow Firing Tests:

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por.

(Mohs' )* Shrinkage, %

%

%

1800 (Disintegrated in water) (982)

2000 (Disintegrated 1n water) ( 1093)

2100 Brown (1149)

Hard (4)

2.5 (Expanded)

15.4

2200 Brown (1204)

Steel hard (6)

2.5 (Expanded)

11.7

2300 Melted (1260)

Remarks / Other Tests No commercial possibilities for brick or tile. Petrographic analysis shows 10% calcium carbonate.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Other data: App. Sp. Gr.
2.59 2.45

*Note: Mohs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell's 1967 revisions of 1964 test data sheets.

-118-

locn. no. Fl.57-4 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800F, 982C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02
Al 2o3
Fe203
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K20 P2o5
s c

(total) (org.)

HC02o2 -
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X
10
X
X
3 to 7

X = present 1n unspecified amounts.

Analyst

H. P. Hamlin , USBM.

Date -------
Method

10-21-57. X-ray and petrographic analysis.

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Livingston (SW. 1/4) . Lat.

Long.

Field No. - - - 4- - - - - - - -, Collected by Ray and Furcron. Date August 1957.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration --------

Structural Attitude -------------------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments Sample of Conasauga shale from roadcut on Ga. Hwy.
100 (Foster's Mill Rd.) about 1/2 mile N. of Cedar Creek Church and 1/4 mile N. of McGee Bend Rd. (D. Ray , unpubl. notes, Aug . 19 57, Ga. Geol. Survey fi les).

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Dat e 3-10-86

-119-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, sandy, very hard

(Rome Fm.?)

County

Floyd.
----~-------------------

Raw Properties:

Lab & No.

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-5
Sample Number ---5-.------------
USBM; Norris, TN.; No. 858-E.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

19 % Working Properties Short-working, not plastic.

Extrusion Characteristics: Not determined. pH = 8.21. Solu-Br.= 2.40.

- - - - - Color Dark gray. Drying Shrinkage 1.5

% Dry Strength Very low.

Slow Firing Tests:

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

1800 (Disintegrated Ln water) ( 982)

Appr. Por. %

Other data: App. Sp. Gr.

2000 (Disintegrated tn water) (1093)

2100 (Disintegrated Ln water) (1149)

2200 (Disintegrated Ln water) (1204)

2300 Glazed, melted and (1260) expanded

Remarks I Other Tests No commercial possibilities for brick or tile. Petro-
graphic analysis shows high calcium carbonate content.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

-120-

loco. no. Fl.57-5 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 m1n. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800F, 982C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe 203 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20

P2o5
s c

(total) (org.)

HC202o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" 11 Iron 11
Total

X
11 H i g h 11
X
X
3 to 7

X= present 10 unspecified amounts.

Analyst --------------------------Date ------------
Method --------------------------
Sample Location Data:

H. P. Hamlin, USBM. 10-21-57. X-ray and petrographic analysis.

- - - - County ___F-=l-=oy..d;....;.______ Land Lot

Sec.

4

7 1/2' topo quad. Livingston (SE. base) . Lat.

Dist. Long.

Field No. __5_________, Collected by Ray and Furcron Date August 1957.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration ------------

Structural Attitude ------------------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Rome Formation(?) (Cambrian).

Ray, unpubl. notes, Aug. 1957, Ga. Geol. Survey

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 8-12-86

-----------~~----------

--~~~~---------

-121-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale , soft.

Compilation Map Location No. Fl. 57-6

County Floyd .

Sample Number

6.

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM; Norris, TN.; No. 858-F

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

22 % Working Properties ~S~h~o~r~t~-~w~o~r~k~i~n~g~,~n~o~t-Lp~l~a~s~t~i~c~--

Extrusion Characteristics: Not determined. pH = 5.70. Solu-Br. - 0.82.

Color Red-brown. Drying Shrinkage ----~2~~5__% Dry Strength Very low.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
("c)

Color

1800 Buff (982)

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs' )* Shrinkage, %

%

Soft,

4. 0

crumbly (2)

21.1

Appr. Por. %

Other data: App. Sp. Gr. 2.67

2000 Buff (1093)
2100 Buff (1149)

Soft,

4.5

crumbly (2)

Soft,

4. 5

crumbly (2)

2200 Red (1204)

Fair

7.5

hard (3)

2300 Red-brown Hard (4)

9.0

(1260)

26.1 17.8 15.5 11.2

2.69 2.67 2.64 2.59

2400 Gray-brown Very

10.0

7.3

(1316)

hard (5)

2.54

Remarks I Other Tests No commercial possibilities for brick or tile.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

*Note: Mohs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell's 1967 revisions of 1964 test data sheets.

-122-

locn. no. Fl.57-6 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F , 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis : Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

SiOz

ATli02o23
Fez03
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
KzO

Pz05

s

(total)

c

(org.)

co.,

'-
H2o-

H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X X
X
3 to 7

X= present 1n unspecified amounts.

Analyst

H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Date

10-21-57.

Method

X-ray and petr og raphic analysis.

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot - - - - Sec.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rome North (NW. 1/4) Lat.

Dist. Long.

Field No. ~6_________________ , Collected by Ray and Furcron. Date August 1957.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration ---------------

Structural Attitude ---------------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment (Mississippian Floyd Shale , or Hartselle Sandstone Member or Bangor Limestone?)

Rd., about 4.5 miles W. notes, Au . 1957 , Ga.

Campi 1ed by __..B;......;._;J...;.._;O._'..C;;..o;;..n;.;.n;;;;.o::..;;r_____ Date ----8---1-2---8-6----------
-123-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale , soft.

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-7

County Floyd.

Sample Number

7.

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM , Norris, TN. ; No. 858-G.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

19 % Working Properties Short-working, sandy, not

---:,..-----::::;___

plastic. Extrusion Char.: Not determined. pH= 5.70. Solu-Br. - 0.40.

Color Red-brown. Drying Shrinkage

1.0 % Dry Strength Very low.

---~...;:.._

Remarks No drying defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
Cc)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs' )* Shrinkage, %

%

1800 Light buff Soft,

1. 0

(982)

crumbly (2)

18.7

Appr. Por. %

Other data: App. S . Gr 2.65

2000 Light buff Soft,

2.0

(1093)

crumbly (2)

19.2

2.63

2100 Orange( 1149) buff

Soft,

2.0

crumbly (2)

18.7

2.54

2200 Brown-red Hard (4)

6.0

(1204)

17.1

2.59

2300 Dark brown Very

6.0

(1260)

hard (5)

13.2

2.55

2400 Dark brown Very

6.0

(1316)

hard (5)

10.1

2.52

Remarks / Other Tests Commercial possibilities for brick and ti;Le are fair.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

*Note: Mohs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell's 1967 revisions of 1964 test data sheets.

-124-

loco. no. Fl.57-7 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (followi ng 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F, 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Sio 2
TAFeli 022oo2 33
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K2 0

P2o5
s c

(total) (org.)

HC02o2 -
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X X
X
3 to 7

X= present 10 unspecified amounts.

Analyst ---------------------------
Date - -----------
Method ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

H. P. Hamlin, USBM. 10-21-57. x-ray and petrographic analysis.

County Floyd.

Land Lot ----- Sec.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (NE. 1/4). Lat.

Dist. Long.

Field No. ______7______________, Collected by Ray and Furcron. Date August 1957.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration ---------------

Structural Attitude ---------------------------------------------------------

Sample Description & Comments Sample from the Mrs. C. W. Boggs pr ope rty along Sand S rings Rd., about 2.1 miles W. of Fl. S7-6 and about 1.8 mites E. of Sand Sprin s Church Furcron, 1958, p. 6- 7, No. 36).
Compiled by ---B-.--J-.--O--'C-o--n-n-o-r----------- Date 8-12-86
-125-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-8

Gounty Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number ---8-.-----------
Lab & No. USBM, Norris, TN.; No. 858-H.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

22 %Working Properties Short-working, not plastic.

Extrusion Characteristics: Poor. pH= 6.05. Solu-Br. = 0.52.

Color Dark brown. Drying Shrinkage

2.5 % Dry Strength Very low.

Remarks No drying defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs' )* Shrinkage, %

%

1800 Light bu f So f t,

3. 0

(982)

crumbly (2)

19. 5

Appr. Por. %

Other
data: App. Sp. Gr. 2.67

2000 Light buff Fair hard (3) 4.5 ( 109 3)

14.7

2.37

2100 Buff

Hard (4)

4.5

13.1

2.57

(1149)

2200 Red-brown Very

8.0

7.8

2.41

(1204)

hard (5)

2300 Gray-brown Very

1.0

13.0

1. 78

(1260)

hard (5)

2400 Gray-brown Very

(1316)

hard (5)

(Expanded)

11.0

1. 72

Remarks I Other Tests Modulus of Rupture: 2100 psi. Commercial possibilities
for brick and tile are fair. Maturing temperature is hi gh and firin g range short ; working prope r ties are very poor . Petrograph i c ana ly si s shows 4% + calcium carbonate.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) tests: Negative.

*Note: Mohs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell's 1967 revisions of 1964 test data sheets.

-126-

loco. no. Fl.57-8 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 m1n. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800F, 982aC).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Sio 2
ATFeli 022oo2 33
FeO

MoO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K2 0
P2o5
s

(total)

c

(org.)

HC02o2 -
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Analyst

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X
4+
X
X
3 to 7

X= present 10 unspecified amounts.

H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Date - - - - - --
Method ---------------
Sample Location Data:

10-21-57. X-ray and petrographic analysis

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (NE. 1/4). Lat.

Dist. Long.

Field No. -~8~------------- ' Collected by Ray and Furcron Date August 1957.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration------- -

Structural Attitude ---------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Sample from along Sand Springs Rd., about 0.7 mile W. of Fl.57-7 and about 1.1 miles E. of Sand Springs Church. The shale is very dark, almost black, unlike typical Floyd Shale in the area and resembles the Chattanoo a Shale (Furcron, 1958, p. 6, No. 35 and D. Ra , unpubl. notes, Au . 1957 Ga. Geol. .Survey fil e s .

Compiled by - -B.-J-. -O-'C-on-no-r - - ------

Date 8-12-86 --~~~~-----

-127-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-9

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Lab & No.

Sample Number

9.

--~----

USBMj Norris, TN.; 858-I.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

-~~~~----

Water of Plasticity

22 %Workihg Ptbperties Short-working, not plastic.

Extrusion Characteristics: Not determirt~d. pH = 6.05. Solu-Br. - 0.42.

Color Brown.

Drying Shrinkage _ _ _3_. _5__% Dry Strertgth __V_er~y~l_o_w_._ _

Remarks No drying defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mobs')* Shrinkage, %

%

1800 Light bu ff Sof t,

5.0

18.6

( 982)

crumbly (2)

Appr. Par, %

Other data:
App.
s . Gr.
2.62

2000 Light buff Soft,

5.0

(1093)

crumbly (2)

17.4

2.60

2100 Light buff Fair

5.0

13.3

2.60

(1149)

hard ( 3)

2200 Brown-gray Hard (4)

5.5

2.1

2.23

(1204)

2300 Gray

Very

(Expanded)

10.8

2.04

(1260)

hard (5)

2400 Gray

Very

(Expanded)

8.3

(1316)

hard (5)

1. 88

Remarks I Other Tests No commercial possibilities. (Sample very similar to "J" =
Fl.57-10.)

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

*Note: Mobs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell's 1967 rev~s~ons of 1964 test data sheets.

-128-

locn. no. Fl.57-9 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800F, 982C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe203

FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na 20 K20

P2o5
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
n2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X
X
X
3 to 7

X= present 1n unspecified amounts.

Analyst

H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Date

10-21-57.

Method

X-ray and petrographic analysis.

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (NW. 1/4). Lat.

Long.

Field No. __9___________________, Collected by Ray and Furcron Date August 1957.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).
Sample Description & Comments Sample of Floyd Shale from along Big Texas Valley Rd., about 2.5 miles W. of Antioch Church and about 1/2 mile E. of Fouche Gap
Rd. (D. Ray, unpubl. notes, Aug. 1957, Ga. Geol. Survey files).

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 8-12-86

-129-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-10

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number ---1-0-.----------
Lab & No. USBMj Norris, TN.; No. 858-J.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

--~----~~------

Water of Plasticity

24 %Working Properties Short and sandy-working.

Extrusion Characte r is tic s: Not determined. pH= 5.7. Solu-Br. = 0.50.

Color Brown.

Drying Shrinkage

3.5 % Dry Strength Very low.

Remarks No dr yi ng defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mobs')* Shrinkage, %

%

1800 Li ght bu ff Soft,

4 .5

( 982)

crumbly (2)

20.3

Appr. Por. %

Other data: App. Sp. Gr. 2.64

2000 Light buff Soft,

5.5

19.5

2.65

(1093)

crumbly ( 2)

2100 Light buff Fair

5.5

0149)

hard (3)

16.0

2.53

2200 Brown-gray Hard (4)

9.0

8.9

(1204)

2.35

2300 Gray (1260)

Very

(Expanded)

9.5

hard (5)

2.16

2400 Gray (1316)

Very hard (5)

(Expanded)

11.7

2.03

Remarks / Other Tests No comme rcial possibilities for brick or tile. (Sample
very similar to "I" = Fl.57-9).

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

*Note: Mobs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell's 1967 revisions of 1964 test data sheets.

-130-

locn. no . Fl.57-10 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800F, 982C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Wei ght %

Sio 2
TAFeli 022oo2 33
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K20
P205
s c

(total) (org.)

HC02o2 -
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X X
X
3 to 7

X= present 1n unspecified amounts.

Analyst

H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Date

10-21-57.

Me thod

X-ray and petrographic analysis.

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (N. side). Lat.- - - - - -- Long.

----- -------- Field No.

10

, Collected by Ray and Furcron Date August 1957.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration - - --------

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Sample of Floyd Shale from along Big Texas Valley
Rd., about 1.1 miles W. of Antioch Church and about 1.4 miles E. of Fl.57-9 (D. Ra y , unpubl. notes, Au g . 1957, Ga. Ge ol. Survey f iles) .

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date ---3---1-0--8-6--------

-131-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-11

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number -1-1. - - - - -
Lab & No. OSBM; Nor ris, TN . ; No. 858-K.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

27 % Workin~ Properties F~irly pl~~tic and smooth-

working. Extrusion Characteristics: Not determined. pH= 5.3. Solu-Br. = 0.74.

Color Light red. Drying Shrinkage _____4_.~0__% Dry Strength _ L_ow_._ _ _ __

Remarks No drying defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

1800 Buff (982)

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs' )* Shrinkage, %

%

Soft,

5.0

crumbly (2)

19.0

Appr. Por. %

Other
d~ta:
App. Sp. Gr. 2.66

2000 Buff

Soft,

5.0

18.8

'(1093)

crumbly (2)

2.68

2100 Orange-

Hard (4)

9.5

21.9

2.69

(1149) buff

2200 Dark brown Very

12.5

6.1

2.51

(1204)

hard (5)

2300 Dark brown Very

12.5

4.6

2.36

(1260)

hard (5)

2400 Dark brown Steel

(Expanded)

5.7

2.23

(1316)

hard (6)

Remarks I Other Tests Commer cial pos sibilities for brick and tile are poor.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Ne gat ive.

*Note: Mohs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell's 1967 revisions of 1964 test data sheets.

-132-

locn. no. Fl.57-ll , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F I 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Sio 2
ATFelio22oo2 33
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K2 0

P20s
s c

(total) (org.)

HC20o2 -
H20+ Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X X
X
3 to 7

X= present 1n unspecified amounts.

Analyst

H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Date - - - - - - -
Method

10-21-57. X-ray and petrographic analysis.

Sample Location Data:

County __F_l_o..t-y_d...:.---- Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (cntr.) Lat.

Long.

Field No. --~1~1~--------~ ' Collected by Ray and Furcron. Date August 1957.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration ---------

Structural Attitude ------------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Sample of Floyd Shale from and 10-12 ft. dee ) o erated b Oconee Cla

to have better ceramic ualities files .

Compiled by --~B~~J~~o~c~o~n_n...:.o~r_ _ _ ____

Date 8-12-86 --~~~~~--------

-133-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Fl oyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-12

County Floyd.

Sample Numbet --~1 ~2~~______

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM; Norris, TN.; No. 858-L.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist. H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Water of Plasticity ~--~~2~8-=% Working Properties Fairly plas tic and s mooth-
working. Extrusion Char.: Not determined. pH= 5.9. Solu-Br. = 0.35.

Color Light red.

Drying

Shrinkage

-------5---% Dry

Strength

Low.
~------------

Remarks No drying defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)
1800 ( 982)

Color
Light buff

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs 1 )* Shrinkage, %

%

So f t,

5. 5

crumbly ( 2)

12 . 8

Appr. Por. i.

Other data:
App.
s Gt.
2.60

2000

Light

(1093) buff

Soft,

6.5

crumbly (2)

17.7

2.60

2100

Orange- Hard (4)

10.5

21.0

(1149) buff

2.54

2200

Gray-

Steel

15.0

2.6

(1204) brown

hard ( 6)

2.44

2300

Gray-

Steel

15.0

1.8

(1260) brown

hard ( 6)

2.40

2400

Gray-

Steel

15.0

1.2

(1316) brown

hard ( 6)

2.34

Remarks I Other Tests Commercial possibilities for brick and tile are poor.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

*Note: Mohs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell 1 s 1967 revisions o.f 1964 test data sheets.

-134-

locn. no. Fl.57-12 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to

1800 F 982 C) .

'

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Sio 2 Ti02
Al 2o3
Fe 203 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K20
P2o5
s c

(total) (org.)

Hco2o2 -
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X X
X
3 to 7

X= present 1n unspecified amounts.

Analyst

H. P. Hamlin , USBM.

Date --------
Method -------------------
Sample Location Data:

10-21-57. X-ray and petrographic analysis.

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 l/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (cntr.) . Lat.

Long.

Field No. 12

, Collected by Ray and Furcron.

--~~--------------

Date August 1957.

Sample Method ---G-r-a-b--('-?')-.--

Weathering/alteration ---------

Structural Attitude -----------------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Sample of Flo yd Shale from a pit ope rated by Oconee Cl a Products Co. (about 1500 x 200- 300 f t. and 10- 20 f t. dee p) on theN. si de of th e Centra l o f Ga. RR., about 0. 3 mil e S. of Huffake r Rd . and about 3 4 m1l e SW . of Fouch e Ga Rd. intersection ( ' ust S. of Chatt ahooch ee Brick Co. pi t= Fl.57-l), about 9 miles NW. of Rome Furcron , 1958 , p . 5, No. 29 and D. Ra , un pub l . notes, Aug . 195 7 , Ga. Ge ol . Surv ey fi les . Also see Fl . 31S- l0 .

----------------- Compiled by ___B~~J~~O~'C~o~n~n~o~r__________ Date 3-10-86
-135-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-13

------~------~~~-------------

County

Floyd.

Sample Number --1-3-. ---------

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM ; Norris, TN.; No. 858-M.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

24 % Working Properties Fairly plastic and smooth-

working. Extrusion Characteristics: Good. pH= 5.7. Solu- Br . = 0.35.

_____ Color Light red. Drying Shrinkage

5 i. _;;..._ Dry Strength Average.

Remarks No drying defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mobs')* Shrinkage, %

%

1800

Bu f f

( 982)

So ft,

4. 5

crumbly (2)

18.4

2000

Buff

(1093)

Soft,

6.5

crumbly (2)

13.4

2100

Orange- Hard (4)

9.5

8.4

(1149) buff

2200

Red

Steel

13.0

3.6

(1204)

hard (6)

2300

Gray-

Steel

13.0

1.3

(1260) brown

hard ( 6)

2400

Gray

Steel

(Expanded)

2.4

(1316)

hard (6)

Remarks I Other Tests Modulus of Rupture: 3800
for brick and tile are fa i r. Color is good rather short.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Appr. Por. %

Other data: App. Sp. Gr. 2.58
2.57
2.53
2.47
2.34
2.05

*Note: Mobs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell's 1967 revisions of 1964 test data sheets.

-136..,.

locn. no. Fl.57-13 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 m1n. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800F, 982C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe203 FeO

MnO

MgO

GaO

Na20

K20
P2os
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X X
X
3 to 7

X= present 1n unspecified amounts.

Analyst

H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Date - ------
Method ------------------
Sample Location Data:

10-21-57. X-ray and petrographic analysis.

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (SE. 1/4). Lat.

Long.

Field No. ~1~3_ _ _ _______ , Collected by Ray and Furcron. Date August 1957.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration - - - ------

Structural Attitude - ------------------------- ---------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample of Floyd Shale from pit operated by Oconee SO ft. and 10- 15 ft. deep) f rom the old Berr hill

o f Atl a nta Brick & Til e Co.

Compiled by ---B-.--J.--O-'-C-o-n-no-r------ -- Date 3-10-86 -137-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft, sandy (Lavender Mbr.). Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-14

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number --1-4-.------------
Lab & No. USBM; Norris, TN.; No. 858-N.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

--------~--------

Water of Plasticity ------~1~8__%Working Properties Short, sandy-working, not
plastic. Extrusion Char.: Not determined. pn = 8.50. Solu-Br. = 2.80.

Color ~G~r~a~y~ -------- Drying Shrinkage __________% Dry Strength Very low.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)
1800 (982)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por.

(Mobs 1 )* Shrinkage, %

%

%

(Disintegrated ~n water.)

Other data: App.
s . Gr .

2000

Light

Soft (2)

2.5

24.0

2.39

(1093) buff

2100

Light

Soft (2)

2.5

0149) buff

16.9

2.13

2200 ("Melts of 2200") (1204)

Remarks I Other Tests No commercial possibilities. Petrographic analysis shows 25
to 30% calcium carbonate.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

*Note: Mohs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell's 1967 rev~s1ons of 1964 test data sheets.

-138-

locn. no. Fl.57-14 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 18006F, 982C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Sio 2

Ti Al Fe

022oo2 33

FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K2 0

P2o5

s

(total)

c

(org.)

HC02o2 -
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X
25 to 30
X
x
3 to 7

X= present 1n unspecified amounts.

Analyst

H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Date

10-21-57.

Method

X-ray and petrographic analysis.

Sample Location Data:

County ___F_l_o~y_d_._________ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Chattoogaville (SE. 1/4). Lat.

Long.

Field No. 14

, Collected by Ray and Furcron

~~----------------

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration

Date August 1957.

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Probably Lavender Shale Member, Ft. Payne Chert (Mississippian).
Sample Description & Comments Sample of green shale (Lavender Shale Member?)
which "covers" the limestone rid e on the G. Henr pro erty on King Creek, about 2 miles N. of Ga. Hwy. 20 in the extreme NW. corner of Floyd Co. D. Ray, unpubl. notes, Aug. 1957, Ga. Geol. Surve files) near the Halls Mtn. localit of Furcron
1958, p. 3, No. 10 and Maynard 1912, p. 172, No.l4 .

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 11-29-82 -139-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-15

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Lab & No.

Sample Number 15. --~------------
USBM; Norris, TN.; No. 858-0.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin , USBM.

Water of Plasticity

35 i. Working Properties Plastic and smooth-working.

Extrusion Characteristics: Good. pH = 7.5. Solu-Br. = 5.15.

Color Light red. Drying Shrinkage

6.0 % Dry Strength Average.

Remarks No drying defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

1800 (982)

Color Bu ff

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs' )* Shrinkage, %

%

Soft,

8.5

crumbly (2)

18. 5

Appr. Por. %

Other data: App. Sp. Gr. 2.51

2000

Orange- Fair hard (3) 11.5

(1093) buff

11.7

2.47

2100

Red

Very hard (5) 15.5

5.8

(1149)

2.43

2200

Brown- Steel

(Expanded)

1.3

2.07

( 1204) red

hard (6)

2300

Brown

Steel

(Expanded)

3.1

(1260)

hard (6)

1. 39

Remarks / Other Tests Modulus of Rupture: 3200 psi. Commercial possibilities
for brick and tile are good , a l though %shrinkage is rather high; color range is
fair and maturing temperature is short, slightly above 2000 6F (1093C) .

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Slight expans1on.

*Note: Mohs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell's 1967 revisions of 1964 test data sheets.

-140-

locn. no. Fl.S7-15 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800F, 982C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Si02 Ti02

Al203
Fe 2o3
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20

P205
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others 11 Kaolin 11 11 Iron 11
Total

volume %
X X
X
3 to 7

Analyst

H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Date

10-21-57.

Method ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

X-ray and petrographic analysis.

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Chattoogaville (SE. 1/4). Lat.

Long.

Field No. --1-5-----------------, Collected by Ray and Furcron. Date August 1957.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration --------------

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasuaga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments Sample of Conas a uga shale from roadcut on Ga. Rwy .
20, about 800 ft. E. of Kin Creek on th e Davi s and Bridges properties (Furcron, 19 58 , p. 6, No. 34 and D. Ray unpubl. notes, Aug . 1957, Ga. Geol. Survey f ile s This approximately corresponds to the 11Evans and Russell pr ope rties" local i ty of Smith (1931, p. 103, No. 14) - see Fl.3 1S-14.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 3-10-86
--~--~~----------
-141-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-16

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number ---1-6-.----------
Lab & No. USBM; Norris, TN.; No. 858-P.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

24 %Working Properties Fairly plastic and smooth-

working. Extrusion Characteristics: Fair. pH= 5.7. Solti-Br. = 0.98.

Color Light red. Drying Shrinkage Remarks No drying defects.

5 % Dty
--~----

Strength

--L-o-w-. ----------

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oc)
1800 ( 982)

Color Buff

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mobs')* Shrinkage, %

%

Soft,

5.5

l8.2

crumbly (2)

Appr. Por. %

Other data: App. Sp. Gr. 2.5 9

2000

Buff

Fair hard (3) 6.0

14.3

2.56

(1093)

2100

Light

Hard (4)

9.0

11.0

2.52

(1149) red

2200

Red-

Very hard (5) 9.5

8.0

2.47

(1204) brown

2300

Brown

Steel

11.0

3.9

2.38

(1260)

hard ( 6)

2400

Brown- Steel

(Expanded)

1.5

1316) gray

hard ( 6)

2.14

Remarks I Other Tests Modulus of RuRture: 2000 psi. Commercial possibilities for
brick and tile are good; maturin~ temeerature for brick between 2100 and 2200F (1149 and 1204C); color ran~e is fair.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

*Note: Mobs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell's 1967 revisions of 1964 test data sheets.

-142-

locn. no. Fl.57-16 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 m1n. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800F, 982C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Sio 2
ATFeit o22 oo2 33
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K2 0

Pz05

s

(total)

c

(org.)

Hco2o2 -
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous" Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X X
X
3 to 7

X= present in unspecified amounts.

Analyst --------------------------Date

H. P. Hamlin, USBM. 10-21-57.

Method ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

X-ray and petrographic analysis.

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rome North (NE. 1/4) . Lat.

Long.

Field No. -----1-6--------------, Collected by Ray and Furcron Date August 1957.

Sample Method Grab (?). ~~--~~~---------

Weathering/alteration ---------------

Structural Attitude ---------------------------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Sample of Floyd Shale from a small roadcut on Old Summerville Rd. (parallel to and W. of U. S. Hwy. 27) about 1.3 miles N. of Pleasant Valley Church (Furcron, 1958, p. 7, No. 37).

Compiled by ---B-.--J-.--O--'C--o-n-n-o-r----------- Date 3-10-86

-143-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft, sandy (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-17

County Floyd.

Sample Number 17.

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM; Norris, TN.; No. 858-Q.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

26 %Working Properties Very short and sandy-working.

Extrusion Characteristics: not determined. pH = 5.40. Solu-Br. = 0.54.

Color Brown.

- - - - - Drying Shrinkage

5 % Dry Strength Very low.

Remarks No drying defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)
1800 (982)

Color
Light buff

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs' )* Shrinkage, %

%

So f t,

5.0

26.9

crumbly (2)

Appr. Por. %

Other data: App. Sp, Gr. 2.60

2000

Light

Fair

6.5

(1093) buff

hard ( 3)

24.4

2.62

2100 Light brown- Hard (4)

9.5

16.0

2.57

0149) red

2200

Brown-

Very

11.0

11.0

2.45

(1204) red

hard (5)

2300

Gray-

Steel

14.0

5.5

2.26

(1260) brown

hard (6)

2400

Gray

(Expanded) (Expanded)

2.05

(1316)

Remarks I Other Tests Commercial possibilities for brick and tile are eoor.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) lests: Negativ~.

*Note: Mohs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyr-rell's 1967 revisions 0 f 1964 test data sheets.

-144-

locn. no. Fl.57-l7 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to
1800F, 982C).
Chemical & Mineralogical D~ta:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide Si0 2 Ti02

Weight %

Al203

Fe203 FeD

MnO

MgO

CaD
Na 2o
K20

P2o5
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X X
X
3 to 7

X= present in specified amounts.

Analyst --------------------------Date

H. P. Hamlin, USBM. 10-21-57.

Method ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

X-ray and petrographic analysis.

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2 1 topo quad. Armuchee (E. cntr.) . Lat.

Long .

Field No. __1_7_________________, Collected by Ray and Furcron. Date August 1957.

Sample Method Grab (?).
Structural Attitude

Weathering/alteration ---------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Sample of Floyd Shale from along Floyd Springs Rd., 0.2 mile S. of Flo d Springs Baptist Church, S. of Floyd Springs, about 0.4 mile N. o f Turner Rd. D. Ray, unpubl. notes, Aug. 1957, Ga. Geol. Survey fi les .

Compiled by ---B-.--J-.--O--'C--o-n-n-o-r----------- Date ----3---1-0---8-6----------

-145-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.57-18

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number --~1~8~--------Lab & No. USBM; Norris, TN.; No. 858-R.

Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

24 i. Working Properties Plastic and smooth-working.

Extrusion Characteristics : Fair. pH = 5.50. Solu-Br. = 0.46.

Color Light red. Drying Shrinkage Remarks No drying defects.

3.5 % Dry Strength --L-o-w-.-----------

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)
1800 ( 982)

Color
L~ght
buff

Hardness

Linear

(Mobs')* Shrinkage, i.

Soft,

5.5

crumbly (2)

Absorption %
18.6

Appr. Por. i.

Other
data: App. Sp. Gr. 2.67

2000

Dark

Hard (4)

9.0

(1093) buff

11.3

2.66

2100

Red-

Steel

10.0

7.1

2.59

( 1149) brown

hard ( 6)

2200

Dark red- Steel

12.5

4.2

2.52

( 1204) brown

hard ( 6)

2300

Brown

Steel

14.0

2.1

2.32

(1260)

hard ( 6)

2400

Brown

(1316)

Steel hard (6)

(Expanded)

13.0

2.22

I Other
Same as "S 11 -

uarry

Preliminary Bloatin~ (Quick Firin~) Tests:

Ne~ative.

*Note: Mobs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell's 1967 revisions of 1964 test data sheets.

-146-

locn. no. Fl.57-18 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) ------
Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800F, 982C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Si0 2 TiOz

Al203
Fe203 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K20

P20s
s c

(total) (org.)

COz HzO-

HzO+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X X
X
3 to 7

X= present 1n unspecified amounts.

Analyst

H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Date

10-21-57.

Method ----------------
Sample Location Data:

X-ray and petrographic analysis.

County Floyd.

Land Lot

---~~------

7 1/2' topo quad. Plainville (W. side)

Sec. . Lat.

Dist. Long.

Field No. ___1_8___________, Collected by Ray and Furcron. Date August 1957.

Sample Method --G-r-a-b--(?-)-. --
Structural Attitude

Weathering/alteration ---------

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Sample of Flo d Shale from along Rosedale Rd.,

about 0.3 mile W. of Rosedale and Old Dalton Rd., E. of Muck Creek Furcron,

19 58, p. 7, No. 38) .

-------------- ___ ___ Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date

3-10- ....;.... 86

-147-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale, soft (Lavender Mbr.?)

Compilatiort Map Location No. Fl.57-19

------~----~~~~~~~~---

County

Floyd.

Sample Number --1-9-. -----

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USNM; Norris TN.; No. 858-S.

-------------- Date Reported 10-21-57.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

25 % Working Properties Plastic and smooth-working .

Extrusion Characteristics: Good. pH = 5.1. Solu-Br. = 0.63.

Color Light red. Drying Shrinkage -----'-5--% Dry Strength Very low.
Remarks No drying defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)
1800 ( 982)

Color Buff

Hardness

Linear

(Mobs')* Shrinkage, i.

Soft.

5.5

crumbly ( 2)

Absorption %
19.9

Appr. Por.
"I
/0

Other data: App. Sp. Gr. 2.60

2000

Dark

Fair

7.5

(1093) buff

hard ( 3)

10.9

2.58

2100

Red

Steel

10.0

6.3

(1149)

hard ( 6)

2.52

2200

Dark red- Steel

12.5

4.4

2.46

(1204) brown

hard ( 6)

2300

Brown

Steel

14.0

2.9

2.40

( 1260)

hard ( 6)

2400

Brown

Steel

(Expanded)

2.25

(1316)

hard ( 6)

Remarks I Other Tests Modulus of RuEture: 2400 psi. Commercial

for brick and

ver ood. Has ood color range and would

guarr~ tile.

R I = Fl.57-18.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

*Note:

Mohs hardness values are based on M.E. Tyrrell's 1967 revisions of 1964 test data sheets.

-148-

locn. no. Fl.57-19 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 m1n. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800F, 982C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis: Not determined.

Oxide

Weight %

Si02 Ti02

Al203

Fe 203 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20

P2o5
s c co
H2o-
H2o+

(total) (org.)

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica ("Hydrous") Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others "Kaolin" "Iron"
Total

X X
X
3 to 7

X= present 1n unspecified amounts.

Analyst

H. P.Hamlin, USBM.

Date

10-21-57.

Method ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

X-ray and petrographic analysis.

County ___F_l_o~y_d_._________ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Armuchee (SE. corner). Lat.

Long.

Field No. 19

, Collected by Ray and Furcron Date August 1957.

--~~--------------

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration -------

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Probably Lavender Shale Mbr., Ft. Payne Chert (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Shale sample, probablf from the Lavender Shale Member (Ft. Payne Chert), from along Old Dalton Rd. parallel to and E. of Turkey Mtn.) near the intersection with Ga. Hwy. 140, about 1.5 miles N. of Armuchee Creek (Furcron, 1958, p. 7, No. 39), about 1/3 mile W. of the Oostanaula Rtver.

-------------------- Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date

----~~~~----------------

3-10-86

-149-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Conasauga). County Floyd.

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.60-la

Sample Number No. 1 to 6.

to f.

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM , Norris, TN; #1202 A to F.

Date Reported 3-25-60.

Ceramist H. P. Hamlin, USBM.

--~~~~------

Water of Plasticity ----------%Working Properties ----------------------------
Color ------------- Drying Shrinkage --------~% Dry Strength --------------

Slow Firing Tests: Not determined.

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Par. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative: A and B;
=P~o~s~i~t+iv~e-:--C~t~o~F~.~

Temp. OF

Bulk Denisty Lb/Ft3

Absorption %

Remarks

USBM No. 1202A

(No. 1)

Type: Soft shale

Crushing characteristics: Fair

1800 ( 982) 1900 (1038) 2000 (1093) 2100 (1149) 2200 (1204)

91.6 91.6 110.3 94.8 94.8

18.6 19.9
9.5 3.1 1.0

USBM No. 1202B

(No. 2)

Type: Soft shale

Crushing characteristics: Fair

1800 ( 982) 128.9

8.4

1900 (1038) 115.3

7.3

2000 (1093)

89.7

7.7

2100 (1149)

94.0

4.3

2200 (1204)

81.6

5.1

No bloating No bloating No bloating No bloating Overfired and sticky
No bloating No bloating No bloating No bloating No bloating

-150-

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: contd.

Temp.

Bulk Denisty

Absorption Remarks

F

Lb/Ft 3

%

(oC)

locn. no. Fl.60-l, a to f ~ cont.

USBM No. 1202C

(No. 3)

Type: Soft shale

Crushing characteristics: Good

1800 ( 982) 123.3

3.6

1900 (1038) 109.6

5.0

2000 (1093)

94.7

3.3

2100 ( 1149)

65.0

2.4

2200 (1204)

67.2

3.4

Slight bloating Slight bloating Fair bloating Fair bloating, slighty sticky Overfired, very sticky

USBM No. 1202D

(No. 4)

Type: Soft shale

Crushing characteristics: Good

1800 ( 982) 112.1

5.8

1900 (1038)

99.1

6.9

2000 (1093)

91.6

6.0

2100 (1149)

76.0

5.4

2200 (1204)

79.1

1.6

No bloating No bloating Slight bloating Fair bloating Overfired and very sticky

USBM No. l202E

(No. 5)

Type: Shale

Crushing characteristics: Good

1800 ( 982) 115.2

3.8

1900 (1038)

99.7

5.9

2000 (1093)

90.3

4.4

2100 ( 1149)

74.8

5.0

2200 (1204)

74.0

3.8

No bloating No bloating Slight bloating Fair bloating Overfired, very sticky

U~BM No. l202F

(No. 6)

Type: Shale, hard

Crushing characteristics: Very good

1800 ( 982) 1900 (1038) 2000 (1093) 2100 (1149) 2200 (1204)

107.2 91.6 81.0 72.3 69.2

4.1

No bloating

4.7

No bloating

4. 5

Slight bloating

3.3

Fair bloating

2.9

Overfired and very sticky

-151-

locn. no. Fl.60-l a to f,

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) Fair to very good.

cont.

Particle Size 1/4 x 1/2 in. Retention Time 15 minutes.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Sample Location Data:

County __F_l_o.y_d_.__________ Land Lot 5

Sec.

Dist. 22

7 1/2' topo quad. Rome South (cntr. ) Lat.

Long .

Field No.

(1 to 6)

, Collected by J. P. Roberts.

----~----~~------

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration

Date 2-25-60.

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian) shale.

Sample Description & Comments Sam les of shale collected from different oints on the J. P. Roberts prope rty 5 1 2 miles south of Rome and 1 8 mile north of
the intersection of U. S. Eighways 27 and 4 11.

"Samples 1 and 2 do not expand and they would not be suitable for aggregate.
"Samples 3, 4, 5 and 6 appear to be quite similar in composition and the bloating characteristics are about the same. A microscopic examination of the expanded particles showed that sample 3 gave the most uniform expansion and would probably make better aggregate than any of the other samples.
"Although the expanded weights of these shales are a little on the heavy side, the percent absorp.t ion is very low and the strength of the aggregate is much better than that of most commercial materials.
"The results of these tests are positive enough to warrant further work and pilot plant size rotary kiln tests should be made on larger samples." (H. P. Hamlin, written communication, 3-25-60).

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 11-29-82

-152-

-153-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. F1.64-l

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number _..;.:.2.:..5.;...- - - - Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1553-W.

Date Reported 4-8-64

Ceramist M. V. Denny, USBM (revised by M. E.

(revised 1967)

T rrell, Tuscaloosa Ala.)

Water of Plasticity

26.8 % Working Propertices Moderate plastici ty . Long

workin, plastic smooth, fatt

H = 5.78 (Not effervescent with HCl.)

Remarks Drying Characteristics: 'Good (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

Hardness (Mohs')

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por.

Shrinkage, %

%

%

Other data: Bulk Dens .
gm/cc

1800 Red-tan

Fair hard

5.0

(982)

(3)

23.6

39.4

1. 67

1900 Red-tan

Fair hard

5.0

(1038)

(3)

21.2

36.7

1. 73

2000 Reddish- Hard

9.5(9.0)

15.2

29.0

1. 91

(1093) brown

(4)

2100 Reddish(1149) brown

Very hard (5)

10.0

12.9

25.5

1. 98

2200 Brown (1204)

Steel hard 12.5 (6)

9.6

20.0

2.08

2300 Dark brown Steel hard 12.5

(1260)

(6)

9.9

20.9

2.11

Remarks I Other Tests (Should fire to MW 11 11 face brick specifications at about
2100F, 1149C.) Fair color, slightly rough surfac e, some cracks in firing. Temperature a little high for brick. Potential Use: Brick? (Face brick.)

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negati ve.

Note: Appr. Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-154-

locn. no. Fl.64-l , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F, 982 6C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Sio 2
ATFelio22oo233
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2 o
K20

Pz05

s

(total)

c
cHo2o2 -
H2o+

(org.)

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method

Samp le Location Data:

County __F_l;..o;;.Jy,._d..;.._ _ __ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. -----------------------. Lat.
Field No. _ _25_._ -_ _ _ _ _, Collected by ? J.~J.Sm Hh

Long. Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?). Structural Attitude

- - - - - - - - - - - Weathering/alteration

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by ---B-.--J-.--O-'-C-o-n-n-o-r----------- Date ---5---1---8-4------------

-155-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-2

County Flovd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number --3-0-.------------
Lab & No. USBM , Norris , Tenn.; No. 1554-B.

Date Reported 5-8-64

Ceramist M. V. Denn y , USBM (revised by M. E.

_,(_r_e_v~i-s-e~d~l~9~6~7~)----

Tyrr ell , Tuscaloosa, Ala.)

Water of Plasticity

27.5 % Working Propert i es (Low plast i city.) Long

workin lastic, smooth fatt y . H = 6;05 (Not ef fervescent with HCl.)

Remarks Dryi ng Characteristics: (No defects.) Surface crazing . Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

Hardness (Mohs')

1800

Li ght brown Soft

( 982)

(2)

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

1.0

20. 4

Appr. Por. %
35.5

Other data: Bulk Dens.
Icc 1. 74

1900

Light brown Fair hard 5.5(5.0)

(1038)

(3)

15.2

29.0

1. 91

2000

Brown

Hard

9.0

(1093)

(4)

7.7

17.0

2.21

2100

Chocolate

0149)

Very hard 15.0 (5)

4.4

10.3

2.34

2200

Dark brown Steel hard 15.0

0204)

(6)

1.2

3.0

2.43

2300

Dark brown Steel hard 15.0

0.5

(1260)

(6)

(Expanded)

Remarks I Other Tests (Should fire to "SW" face brick specifications at about
2000F, 1093C. Ab r u t vitrif ica t i on.) Fair color , absor t ion hi h. Potential Use: Face brick, sewer pipe, and quarr y t i le. Brick.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Note: Appr. Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-156-

locn. no. Fl.64-2 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 m1n. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800F, 982C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Sio 2
TAFeil o22oo2 33
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K20

P2o5
s c

(total) (org.)

HC02o2 -
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

A n a l y s t - - - - - - - - - - - -Date

Method -------------
Sample Location Data:

County _F~l~o~y~d~------ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. --------------. Lat.

Long .

----------- Field No. 30.

, Collected by J.W. Smith ?

Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration --------

Structural Attitude --------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.
-----------------------~-------------

Compiled by --B-.--J-. -O--'C-o-n-n-or--------- Date ----5--1---8-4---------

-157-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-3

County Floyd.

Sample Number 33.

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1554-E.

Water

Properties Moderate plasticity. Short pH 5 . .99 . . (Not effervescent with HC1.)
5.0 %Dry Strength Poor. Fair.)

Remarks Drying Characteristics: Poor-rough. (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)
1800 (982)

Color Tan

Hardness (Mohs 1 )
Soft (2)

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

4.5(5.0)

33.7

Appr. Por. %
47.5

Other data: Bulk Dens.
gm/cc 1.41

1900

Tan

(1038)

2000

Tan

(1093)

Soft (2)
Fair hard (3)

4.5(5.0) 4.5(5.0)

31.1 30.7

45.4 44.8

1.46 1.46

2100

Light

0149) brown

Fair hard 5.5(5.0) (3)

30.1

44.5

1.48

2200

Red-brown

(1204)

Hard (4)

4.5(5.0)

29.9

43.7

1.46

2300

Red-brown

(1260)

Hard (4)

5.5(5.0)

23.1

37.0

l. 60

Remarks /Other Tests Very high absorption, (at all firing temperatures), poor color, too soft; some carbonate and sulfate. Potential Use: None. (Not suitable for use as the principal component in vitreous clay products.)

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Note: Appr. Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks in p~rentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-158-

locn. no. Fl.64-3 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determi ned.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe203

FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20

P205
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspa!=" Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date -------
Method ----------------
Sample Location Data:

County ___F_l_o~y_d_._ _ _ __ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. ---------------------- Lat. Field No. --3-3.--------------, Collected by J.W. Smith ?

Long . Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration --------------

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84

-159-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-4

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number ~4~1~ -----------
Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1554-M.

Date Reported 5-8-64

Ceramist

E.

(revised 1967)

Water of Plasticity

25 .0 %Working

lastic, smooth fatt .

Remarks Drying Characteristics: (No defects.) Good; slight surface craz1ng.

Slow Firing Tests:

1800 (982)

Color Flesh

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs') Shrinkage, %

%

Fair hard

2.5

(3)

21.5

Appr. Por. %
36.6

Other data: Bulk Dens.
m/cc 1. 70

1900

Tan

(1038)

Hard

5.0

(4)

17.7

32.2

1.82

2000

Light

Hard

7.5

(1093) brown

(4)

15.0

28.7

1. 91

2100

Brown

(1149)

Very hard (5)

10.0

14.1

27.2

1. 93

2200

Dark

Very hard

(1204) red-brown

(5)

11.0

5.4

11.9

2.21

2300

Dark

(1260) brown

Steel hard
(6)

11.0

2.8

6.4

2.29

Remarks I Other Tests (Ab r u t vitrification. Should fire to "SW" face brick
specifications at about 21 50.F, 1177 C). Potenti a l Use : Face brick; sewer pipe.) Decorative brick, t i le and pottery.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Note: Appr. Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-160-

locn. no. Fl.64-4 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to l800 6 F 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemica 1 Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

SiOz

TiOz

Al203
Fe 2o3
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2 o
KzO

PzOs
s c

(total) (org.)

COz
H2o-
n2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

County ___F~l~o~y_d_._________ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. -----------------------. Lat.

Field No. 41.

, Collected by J.W. Smith ?

--~~--------------

Long. Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alt~ration ---------------

Structural Attitude ---------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84

--~------------------------

--~~~~----------

-161-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-5

County Floyd. Raw Pro pert ie s:

Lab & No.

Sample Number 50. ~~------------
USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1554-V.

Date Reported 5-8-64

Ceramist M. V. Denny, USBM (revised by M. E.

...,(r-...:.e_v~i-s...e.:--d,;........,l-:9-:6-:7,....)---

Tyrre11 > Tus ca1oo sa , Ala . )

Water of Plasticity

% Working Properti es (tm-7 plasticity.) Short

workin , smooth, lastic.

H = 5.40 (Not effervescent wi th HCl.)

Remarks Drying Characteristics: Good (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

1800 (982)

Color
Light tan

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs') Shrinkage, %

%

Fair hard

1.0

(3)

20.3

Appr. Por. %
33.5

Other data: Bulk Dens.
m/cc 1. 65

1900

Light

Fair hard

1.0

( 1038) tan

(3)

19.0

32.1

1. 69

2000

Light

Hard

1.0

(1093) tan

(4)

16.8

29.4

1. 75

2100

Light

Very hard

5.0

(1149) brown

(5)

13.2

24.6

1. 36

2200

Light

Very hard

5.0

(1204) brown

(5)

13.1

24.5

1. 37

2300

Choco- Steel hard

5.0

(1260) late

(6)

10.9

21.1

1.94

Remarks / Other Tests Good color, absorption high, spotty surface. (Should fire
to "MW" face brick specifications at about 2050F, 1121 C). Potential Use: (Face
brick.) Decorative brick or tile.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Note: Appr.Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks 1n parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrell.

-162-

locn. no. Fl.64-5 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F) 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not dete r mined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe203 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K20

P2o5
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
n2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method --------------------------
Sample Location Data:

County --~F~l~o~y~d~~------ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. ----------------------- Lat. Field No. --~5~0~ -------------- Collected by J.W. Smith ?

Long. Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration ----------

Structural Attitude -------------------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

-------------------- Compiled by --~B~~J~~o~c~o~n~n~o~r______ Date 5-1-84

-163-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-6

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number --5-1-. -----------
Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1554-W.

Date Reported 4-8-64

Ceramist M. V. Denny, USBM (revised by M. E.

(revised 1967)

Tyrrell, Tuscaloosa, Ala.)

Water of Plasticity

22 . 8 %Working Properties (Low plasticity.) Short

workin, smooth lastic. H = 5.73 (Not effervescent with HCl.)

Color Red-buff. Drying Shrinkage

4.0 % Dry Strength Good . ------~----~-

Remarks Drying Characteristics: Good. (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
Cc)
1800 (982)

Color Tan

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs 1 )

Shrinkage, %

%

Fair hard (3)

1.0(5.0)

22.7

Appr. Por. %
36.5

Other data: Bulk Dens.
m/cc 1. 61

1900

Tan

(1038)

Hard

5.0

(4)

19.3

33.0

1. 71

2000

Tan

(1093)

Hard

9.0

(4)

14.6

27.0

1.85

2100

Choco- Very hard

9.0

(1149) late

(5)

8.5(9.1)

18.4

2.01

2200

Brown

(1204)

Very hard (5)

10.0

9.1(3.5)

17.1

2.02

2300 Dark

Steel hard 11.0

(1260) purple-brown (6)

3.1

6.8

2.19

Remarks I Other Tests Fine color, spotted, shrinkage slightly high. Needs
lastic additive to make a fine otter and stoneware cla (Should fire to

brick; sewer pipe. Decorative brick and tile.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Note: Appr.Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-164-

locn. no. Fl.64-6 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (~nfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 m1.n. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to
~18~0~0~6~F~.9~8~2~6~c~)-.----~------=----------
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not dete rmi ned.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Sio2
TAilo2o23
Fe 2o3 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K20

P2o5

s

(total)

c

(org.)

HC02o2 -
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate 11ica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

~1ethod

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. ----------------------- Lat.

Field No. 51.

Collected by J.W.Smith ?

Long. Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?),

Weathering/alteration

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Comp i 1ed by __B_:.__J...;.__o__' C;..o.;;.;n;;.n;;.o.;...r;;....._________ Date 5-1-84

-165-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-7

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number ~5~2~-----------
Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1554-X.

Date Reported 5-8-64

Ceramist M. V. Denny, USBM (revised by M. E.

(revi sed 1967)

Tyrrell, Tuscaloosa, Ala.)

Water of Plasticity

23.6 %Working Properties (Low plasticity) Short

worki ng, smooth, plastic. pH 5.92 (Not effervescent with HCL)

Color Dark gray. Drying Shrinkage ------~4~.0~% Dry Strength (Low.) Good.

Remarks Drying Characteristics: Good, color slightly uneven. (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

1800

Flesh,

(982) mottled

1900

Flesh,

(1038) mottled

2000

Flesh,

(1093) brown

2100

Light

(1149) gray

2200

Light

(1204) gray

2300

Light

(1260) gray

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs ') Shrinkage, %

%

Fair hard (3)

2.5(5.0)

Hard

5.0

(4)

Very hard (5)

11.0

Very hard (5)

11.0

Steel hard 12.5 (6)

Steel hard 14.5 ( 6) (Expanded)

25 .5 18.7
9.9 6.7 2.9 2.9

Appr. Por. %
39.0 31.6 19.5 13.9
6.3

Other data: Bulk Dens.
~/cc
1.53
1. 69
1. 97
2.07
2. 17

Potential Use: Face
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative. Note: Appr.Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967
revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-166-

locn. no. Fl.64-7 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 m1n. draw trials (followin& 3-4 hr. to 1800F, 982 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

SiOz

TiOz

Al Fe

22oo33

FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
KzO

PzOs
s c

(total) (org.)

COz
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy 1'1ineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

- - - - County ___F_l_o~y_d_~------- Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. --------------------. Lat.

Long.

Field No. 52.

, Collected by J.W. Smith?

--~---------------

Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration -------------

Structural Attitude -------------------------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84

--~--~----~--------------

-167-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material ___S_h_a_l_e~(_F_l_o~y_d~)~ ------------------ Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-8

County

Floyd.

Raw Properties:

Sample Number ~5~3~-----------
Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1554-Y.

Date Reported 5-8-64

Ceramist

E.

(revised 196 7)

Water of Plasticity

24.6 %Working

worki ng , smooth, , l a stic.

Color Gray.

Dr ying Shrinkage - - -- - -

Remarks Drying Characteristics: Good. (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

Hardness

Linear

(Mohs 1 )

Shrinkage, %

1800

Tan

(982)

1900

Tan

Hard (4) Hard

5.5(5.0) 8.5(8.0)

(1038)

(4)

2000

Light

(1093) brown

Very hard (5)

10.0

2100

Chaco-

0149) late

Steel hard (6)

14.0

2200

Dark

Steel hard 15.0

0204) brown

(6)

2300

Dark

Steel hard

(1260) purple-brown (6)

15.0

Absorption % 23.2 19.8 15.3 7.5 6.3 3.5

Appr. Por. % 36.9 33.5 27.8 15.5 13.0 7.6

Other data: Bulk Dens.
l. 59
l. 69
1. 82
2.06
2.07
2.16

Remarks / Other Tests (Should fire to "MW" face brick s ecifications at about 2050F, 1121 C. Abrupt vitrification. Shr i nkage high, color good; needs plastic addit i ve for stoneware and pottery use. Potential Use: (Face br ick; sewer pi pe.) Decorative brick and tile, flue tile.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Positive.(Negative.)

Temp. OF
(oC)

Absorption Bulk Density

%

g/ cm3 lb/ft 3

Remarks: Shaly crushing

2000

6. 6

1. 96

122

Shal y bloat i ng.

0093)

2100

8.2

1.49

93

Irregular bloating.

(1149)

2200

7.1

1.49

93

Irregular bloating.

0204)

2300

7.5

l. 25

78

Irregular bloating.

0260)

Remarks Probably fair lightweight aggregate - a little heavy.

Note: Appr.Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-168-

locn. no. Fl.64-8 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (followin~ 3-4 hr. to 1800F 982C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe203 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20

P205
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1I 2 ' t opo quad. -----------------------. Lat.

Field No.

53.

, Collected by J.W. Smith ?

----~--------------

Sample ~fethod Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration

Long. Date c. 1963.

Structural Attitude -------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date ----5---1---8-4-----------

-169-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Lavender Mbr.).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-9

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number --5-5-.-----------Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1554-Z.

Date Reported ~~5_-~8_-_6~4~~~--~ Ceramist M. V. Denny, USBM (revised by M. E.

~(_r~e_v_i_s_e_d__1_9~6~7~)~-=

Tyrrell, Tuscaloosa, Ala.)

Water of Plasticity

25.0 %Working Properties (Moderate lasticit .) Short

workin , smooth , lastic.

H = 5.39 Not effervescent with HCl.

Color Light gray. Drying Shrinkage 4.5 4.0)% Dry Strength Good. (Fair.)

Remarks Drying Characteristics: Good. Slight color variation. (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs') Shrinkage, %

%

1800

Flesh

(982)

1900

Flesh

(1038)

2000

Light

(1093) brown

2100

Red-gray

(1149)

2200

Gray

(1204)

2300 Light

(1260) gray

Fair hard 2.5(5.0)

(3)

Hard 5.5(5.0)

(4)

Very hard 10.0

(5)

Very hard 11.0

(5)

Steel hard 11.0

(6)

Steel hard

5.5

(6)

(Expanded)

24.3 19.2 10.2
9.0 4.8 4.9

Appr. Por. %
37.4 31. 7 19.4 17.2
9.5

Other data: Bulk Dens.
~m/cc
1.54
1. 65
1. 90
1. 91
1. 98

Remarks I Other Tests (Should fire to "MW" face brick specifications at about
1950 F , 1066C.) Shrinka e hi h, fine color. With a lastic additive it would make a fine pottery and stoneware clay. Potential Use: Face brick.) Decorative brick and tile.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Positive.*(Negative.)

Absorption %

Bulk Density g/cm3 lb/ft3

Remarks

* Remarks ___T_e_m~p_e_r_a_t_u_r_e__d_f__b_l_o_a_t_i_n~g~t_o_o__h_i~gh~__f_o_r__l_i~g~h_t_w_e_i~g_h_t__a~g~g_r_e~g_a_t_e_.___________
Note: Appr.Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-170-

locn. no. Fl.64-9 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (followin g 3-4 hr. to 1800 6F 982C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not detenui ned.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

SiOz

TiOz
Al 2o3
Fe203

FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
KzO

PzOs
s c

(total) (org.)

HCO2oz -
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. ------------------------ Lat.
Field No. __..s;..s.;....;._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, Co 11 ec ted by _....;.J..;"..;.w;..;;......;;;S~m;,;;;i;.;;;t;.;;;h;;.....;?__

Long Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration ---------------

Structural Attitude ---------------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Lavender Shale Member, Ft. Payne Chert (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

-------------------- o__ Compiled by ___B....;.'_....;J...;.__ 'C..;.o..;.n....;...n;.o~r----------- Date 5-1-84

-171-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-10

--------~------~~--------------

County

Floyd.

Sample Number --5-6-. -----------

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1555-A.

Date Reported 5-28-64

Ceramist M. V. Denny, USBM (revised by M. E.

(revised 1967)

Tyrrell, Tuscaloosa, Ala.) Short

Water of Plasticity

27.9% Working Properties (Moderate plasticity.)

workin, smooth, plastic.

H = 6.71 (Not effervescent with HCl.)

Remarks Drying Characteristics: Good. (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)
1800 (982)

Color Tan

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs') Shrinkage, %

%

Fair hard

s.o

24.2

(3)

Appr. Por. %
40.4

Other data: Bulk Dens.
m/cc l. 67

1900

Tan

(1038)

Hard

6.0

(4)

17.5

32.2

1. 84

2000

Light

( 1093) brown

Very hard
(5)

10.0

10.6

21.7

2.05

2100

Brown

( 1149)

Very hard ( 5)

15.0

8.2

17.5

2.14

2200

Red-

(1204) brown

Steel hard 15.0 (6)

4. 7

10.3

2.20

2300

Dark

0260) brown

Steel hard 15.0 (6)

2.1

4.8

2.27

Remarks I Other Tests

fire to 11 SW11 face brick specifications at about

2100F, 1149C).

firin shrinkage. Good color. Potential Use: (Face

brick; sewer pipe. Good tile or brick if quartz added to reduce shrinkage.

Preliminarl Bl.oat ing (guick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Note: Appr. Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks 1n parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-172-

locn. no. Fl. 64-10 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particl ~ Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 nnn. draw trials (followin g 3-4 hr. to
~1~80~0~8r.F~,~9~8~2~5 ~c')-.------------~----------

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:
'

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe203 FeO

HnO

MgO

CnO
Na 2o
KzO

PzOs
s c

(total) (org.)

COz
nH22oo+-

Ignition

loss

Total

Not determined.
Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Heth od

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 l/2' topo quad. -----------------------. Lat.

Long .

Field No. ---5-6-.---------------, Collected by J.W. Smith?

Date c. 1963.

Sample f1ethod Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration - - -----------

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).
Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84
--~~~---------

-173-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-11

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number ---5-7-.-----------
Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1555-B.

Oat~ Reported 5-28-64

Ceramist M. V. De nny, USBM (revised b y M. E.

(revised 1967)

Tyrrell , Tuscaloosa, Ala.)

Water of Plasticity

22.2% Working Propert i es ( Low plastici ty .) Short

working, smooth, plastic. pH= 6.0. (Not e ffe rvescent with HC l .)

Color Gray-brown. Drying Shrinkage -----'-5-.0-% Dr y St re ng th Good . ( Lo w. )

Remarks Drying Characteristics: Good. (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Color

1800

Tan

(982)

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs') Shrinkage, %

%

Fair hard 5.5(5.0) (3)

16.5

Appr. Por. %
29.9

Other data: Bulk Dens .
m/cc 1. 81

1900

Tan

(1038)

Fair hard 5.5(5.0)
(3)

16.2

30.0

1. 85

2000

Light

(1093) brown

Hard (4)

9.5(9.0)

11.8

23.6

2.00

2100

Brown

(1149)

Hard (4)

9.5(9.0)

10.5

21.5

2.05

2200

Choco-

(1204) late

Very hard 9.5(9.0) (5)

7.4

15.6

2.11

2300 Black(1260) brown

Steel hard 12.5 (6)

3.2

7.0

2.20

Remarks / Other Tests (Should fire to "SW" face bric k specifications about 2150F, 1177C). Good color, shrinka ge slightly high. Po te ntial Use: (Face brick ; sewer pipe.) Ti le and bri c k.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Note: Appr. Por. a nd nulk Dens. plus data and remarks i[l parentheses are from 1967 nv i.~H~d data sheets by Tyrrell.

-174-

locn. no. Fl.64-ll , cont.

Cru~hing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F, 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe 203 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20

P2os

s

(total)

c

(org.)

C02
n2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method ----------------------------
Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. -------------------------. Lat.

Long.

Field

No.

57.

,

--~~--------------

Collected

by

J.W.

Smith ?

Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration --------------

Structural Attitude ---------------------------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled hy B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84

-175-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material ___S_h_a_l~e~(~C_o_n_a_s_a_ug~a~)~-------------- Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-12

County

Floyd.

Raw Properties:

Sample Number ~5~8~----------Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1555-C

Date Reported

5-28-64

Ceramist M. V. Denny, USBM (revised by M. E.

(revised 1967)

T rrell, Tuscaloosa, Ala.)

Water of Plasticity

27.4% Working Properties Moderate plasticity.) Short

workin , smooth, lastic.

H 9.10 (Not effervescent with HCl.)

Remarks Drying Characteristics: Good. (No defects.) Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)
1800 (982)

Color Tan

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs') Shrinkage, %

%

Fair hard

5.0

(3)

22.7

Appr. Por. %
38.1

Other data: Bulk Dens.
m/ct 1.68

1900

Tan

(1038)

Hard

7.5

(4)

18.0

32.8

1. 82

2000 Medium brown Very

(1093) (Brown)

hard (5)

10.0

11.6

23.4

2.02

2100

Brown

(1149)

Very hard (5)

12.5

9.5

19.9

2.09

2200

Chocolate

(1204)

Steel hard (6)

12.5

6.2

13.5

2.17

2300 Black-brown Steel (1260) (Dark brown) hard (6)

12.5

3.2

7.2

2.26

Remarks / Other Tests (Should fire to "SW" face brick s ecifications at about 2150F, ll77C.) Hi~h firin~ shrinka~e. Good color. Potential Use: Face brick; sewer 12i12e.) Brick and tile if g,uartz added td lower shrinkage.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Note: Appr.Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-176-

locn. no. Fl;64-12 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. drm.,. trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F , 982 5 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

TAil 02 o2 3
Fe203 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20
PzOs
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
nH22oo+-

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Uethod ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2 1 topo quad. -----------------------. Lat.

Field No. ---5-8-.---------------, Collected by J.W. Smith ?

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration

Long . Date c. 1963.

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84

-177-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-13

--------~------~~--------------

County

Floyd.

Sample Number ~5~9~ -----------

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM, #orris, Tenn.; No. 15~5 ....D.

Date Reported 5-28-64

Ceramist M. v, l)enny, USBM (revised by M. E.

(revised 1967)

Tyrrell, Tuscaloosa , Ala.)

Water of Plasticity

24.4 %Working Properties (Moderate plasticity.) Short

workin , smooth , lastic. H = 8.02 (Sli ht effervescence wit h HCl.)

Color Gray.

Drying Shrinkage

5.0 % D~y Strength Good. Fair.

Remarks Drying Characteristics: Fair; slight warping and cracking. (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Color

1800

Tan

(982)

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs') Shrinkage, %

%

Fair hard

9.0

(3)

12.9

Appr. Por. %
24.4

Other data: Bulk Dens.
m/cc 1.89

1900

Light

(1038) brown

Hard (4)

9.5(9.0)

9.1

18.4

2.02

2000

Brown

Very

10.5(10.0)

4.5

(1093)

hard (5)

9.8

2.17

2l00

Brown

Very

10. 5(10. 0)

3.3

( 1149)

hard (5)

7.2

2.18

2200

Dark

Steel 10. 5(10. 0)

1.5

(1204) brown

hard (6)

3.3

2.22

2300

Brownish- Steel hard 10.0

i.2

(1260) black

(Expanded)

Remarks I Other Tests (Probably limy.) Fair color, high shrinkage, some surface
cracks. Potential Use: None. (No t suitable for use in vitreous clay products.)

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Note: Appr.Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks 1n parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-178-

locn. no. Fl.64-13 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size

-20 mesh.

Retention Time

15 m1n.

'
draw trials

(following 3-4 hr.

~o

1800F , 982C).

Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe203 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20

P205
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
Hn22oo+-

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy
~1ineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. ----------------------- Lat.

Long.

Field No. ---5-9-.---------------, Collected by J.W. Smith ?

Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration --------------

Structural Attitude ---------------------------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor --~--~----~~~---

Date 5-1-84

-179-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material --~S_h~a~l~e~(~C~o~n~a~s~a~ug~a~)~-------------- Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-14

County

Floyd.

Raw Properties:

Sample Number ---6-0-. ----------
Lab & No. US~M, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1555-E.

Date Reported 5-28-64

Ceramist M. V. Denny! USBM (revised by M. E.

(revised 1967)

Tyrrell! Tuscaloosa, Ala.)

Water of Plasticity

27.8% Working Propertie s (Moderate plasticity.) Short

workin , smooth, lastic.

H = 6.1 9 (Not effervescent with HCl.)

Color Red-gray. Drying Shrinkage 7.5 5.0)% llry Strength --=F~a:..i=:..r..:~---------

Remarks Drying characteristics: Good. (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Color

1800

Tan

(982)

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs') Shrinkage, %

%

Fair hard 5.5(5.0)
(3)

17.6

Appr. Por. %
31.7

Other data: Bulk Dens.
m/cc 1.80

1900

Tan

(1038)

Hard (4)

10.0

14.6

27.4

1. 88

2000

Light

(1093) brown

Very hard
(5)

12.5

8.2

17.5

2.13

2100

Brown

( 1149)

Very hard
(5)

15.0

5.7

12.7

2.22

2200

Choco-

Steel hard 14.5(15.0)

2.8

(1204) late

(6)

6.4

2.30

2300

Black-

Steel hard 14.5(15.0)

1.9

(1260) brown

(6)

4.4

2.30

Remarks I Other Tests (Should fire to "SW" face brick specifications at about
2000F 1093C). Hi h firing shrinkage . Good color. Potent i al Use: (Face brick; sewer pipe. Brick and tile if shrinkage lo~ere d.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Note: Appr.Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-180-

locn. no. Fl.64-14 , cont.

- - - -- Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)
Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F 982 6 C).
Chemical &Mineralogical Data: Not determined .

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

SiOz

TiOz

AI
Fe

22oo33

FeD

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
KzO

Pz05

S

(total)

C

(org.)

COz
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume i.

Analyst

Date

Method ------------------
Sample Location Data:

- - - - County __F_l_o.y._d_.____ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. -------------------. Lat.

Field No.

60.

,

-~~------------

Collected

by

J .w. Smith ?

Long . Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

----------- Weathering/alteration

Structural Attitude --------~----------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment ___c_o_n_a_s_a_u~g~a--G_r_o_u~p~(~C~a~m~b_r_i~a~n~)~----------------

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

----------------------- Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84
--~~-------------

-181-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-15

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Samp+e Number ___6_1~---------
Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1555-F.

Date Reported 5-28-64

Ceramist M. V. Denny, USBM (revised by M. E.

(revised 1967)

T rrell, scaloosa, Ala . )

Water of Plasticity

23.4 %Working Properties Moderate plasticity.) Long

working, plastic, smooth, fatty. pH 8. 72 (Slight effervescence with HCl.)

Color Gray-b rown. Drying Shrinkage

7.5 %Dry S~rength Good. (Fair.)

Remarks Dr~in~ Characteristics: Good 1 sli~htlx uneven. (No defects.) Slow Firin& Tests:

Temp. OF
cc>

Color

Hardness (Mobs')

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Bulk Dens.

1800

Tan

Fair hard

10.0

8.1

(982)

(3)

1900

Tan

Hard

10.0

4.4

(1038)

(4)

2000

Brown

Very hard

15.0

1.0

(1093)

(5)

2100 Chocolate Very hard

15.0

0.4

( 1149)

(Expanded)

2200 Dark brown Steel hard 11.0

0.2

(1204)

2300 Gray-black Steel hard 10.0

o. 7

(1260)

16.4 4.4 1.0

2.03 2.17 2.33

Remarks Other Tests (Limy.) Contains approx. 2% CaC03. Fair color, slight crackin , hi h shrinka e.) Potential Use: (Not suitable for use in vitreous cla products. Possible additive to low shrinkage, high absorption clay.

Preliminar.x Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Positive.

Temp. OF
coc>

Absorption %

1900 (1038)
2000 (1093)
2100 0149)
2200 (1204)
2300 0260)

7.9 2.1 0.84 0.90 1. 21

Bulk Density

Remarks

g/cm3 lb/ft3 2.45 153

(No expansion.) S' haly.

1. 55

97

(Slight expansion.) Shaly-blisters.

1.41

88

(Slight e~pansion.) Shaly-blisters.

l. 21 1. 01

76(75.5) 63

(Slight exp~Jnsion.) Layering bloating, dark.
(Fair expansion.) Layering bloating, (dark.

Remarks (Marginal material for lightweight aggregate [refractory.]) Test in rotar kiln.

Note: Appr.Por. and Rulk Dens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-182-

locn. no. Fl.64-15 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F, 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

SiOz

TiOz

Al Fe

22oo33

FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2 o
KzO

Pz05
s c

(total) (org.)

HC202o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

County __F_l_o~y_d_.__________ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' tapa quad. ----------------------- Lat.

Long.

Field No. 61.

, Collected by J.W. Smith ?

--~~--------------

Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration -------

Structural Attitude --------------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by --~B~~J~~o~'~C~o~n~n~o~r~---------- Date 5-1-84

-183-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-16

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number ~6~2~----------Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1555-G.

Date Reported ,__5_-~2_8_-~6_4~~~--- Ceramist M. V, Denny, USBM (revised by M. E.

(revised 1967)

Tyrrell, Tuscaloosa, Ala.)

Water of Plasticity

27.8 %Working Properties (Moderate plasticity.) Long

worki ng, plastic, smooth, fatty.

pH 5.83 (Not effervescent with HCl.)

---- - -- Color Light red. Drying Shrinkage

5.0 %Dry Strength (Fair.)

Remarks Dr in Characteristics: Good; sli ht surface crazin and scum. (No defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(C)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs') Shrinkage, %

%

1800

Tan

Soft

5.0

22.1

(982)

(2)

1900

Tan

(1038)

Fair hard

7.5

(3)

19.3

2000

Light

(1093) brown

Hard (4)

10.0

14.3

2100

Brown

( 1149)

Hard (4)

12.5

12.0

2200

Chaco-

Very hard 12.5

8.2

0204) late

(5)

2300 Brown-black Steel

12.5

4. 2

(1260) (Dark brown) hard (6)

Remarks 2100F Use:

Fair color, hi h Face brick; sewer ~i~e.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Neg~tive.

Appr. Por. %
36.9 33.6 27.3 23.5 17.1
9.2

Other data: Bulk Dens.
m/cc 1. 67
1. 74
1. 91
1. 96
2.09
2.20

Note: Appr.Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-184-

locn. no. Fl.64-16 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 me sh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (followi ng 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F, 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

SiOz

TiOz

Al Fe

22oo33

FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2 o
KzO

PzOs
s c

(total) (org.)

COz
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. ----------------------- Lat.

Long.

Field No. 62.

, Collected by J.W. Smith?

--~~--------------

Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration --------------

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available. --~~~~~~~~~~~~--------------

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date --5~-~1-~8-4--------

-185-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-17

County Floyd.

Sample Number --'-7..;;0..;;._ _____

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1555-0.

Date Reported 5-28-64 (revised 196 7)

Color Yellow. Remarks Drying Characteristics:

Fair- small cracks. (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
Cc)

Color

1800

Tan

(982)

1900

Tan

(1038)

2000

Light

(1093) brown

2100

Brown

(1149)

2200

Dark

(1204) brown

2300

Dark

(1260) brown

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs') Shrinkage, %

%

Fair hard 5.5(5.0)
(3)

Hard (4)

10.0

Hard (4)

10.0

Very hard 11.3(11.0)
(5)

Steel hard
(5)

12.5

Steel hard 12.5 (Expanded)

23.8 18.6 15.8 12.5
7.9 8.3

Appr. Por. %
39.3 33.3 29.7 24.6 16.7

Other data: Bulk Dens.
gm/cc 1.65
1. 79
1.88
1. 97
2.11

crazed surface. Potential
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.
Note: App.Por. and Bulk ~ens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-186-

locn. no. Fl.64-17 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15. min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to
1800F , 982C). Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si0 2

Ti02

Al203 Fe 203 FeO

MnO
MgO
CaO
Na 2o
KzO
PzOs
s
c

(total) (org.)

COz
H2o-
H2o+
Ignition loss
Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst ------------
Date ------
Method ------------------
Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. --------------. Lat.

Long.

Field No. 70.

, Collected by J.W. Smith ?

--~~----------

Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration ---------

Structural Attitude --------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment ___F_l_o~y_d__S_h_a_l_e~(~M_i~s~s_i~s~s_i~p.pi~~a~n~)~--------------

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by __..B;..~......J;.~ ......O;._' ..C.:..o.;...n;.;~n~o-r______

Date 5-1-84

-187-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Floyd)

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-18

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Lab & No.

Sample Number 71. ~--------------
USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1555-P.

Date Reported 5-28-64

Ceramist

(revised 1967)

Water of Plasticity

31.4%

workin

Color Orange.

by M. E.

Remarks Drying Characteristics: Good. (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Color

1800

Tan

(982)

Hardness (Mohs')
Soft
(2)

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

5.0

25.4

Appr. Por. %
41.1

Other data: Bulk Dens.
m/cc 1. 62

1900

Tan

(1038)

Fair hard

7.5

(3)

22.7

38.6

1. 70

2000

Light brown Hard

(1093)

(4)

10.0

19.9

35.2

1. 77

2100

Brown

( 1149)

Hard (4)

10.0

16.6

31.0

1. 87

2200

Brown

(1204)

Very hard
(5)

12.5

12.6

25.1

1.99

2300

Brown

(1260)

Very hard 12.0(12.5)
(5)

12.4

24.7

1.99

Remarks I Other Tests (Should fire to "MW" face brick specifications at about 2200F,
1204C). Color good; shrinkage and absorption high. Potential Use: (Face brick.) Addition of fine quartz would give a good brick or tile for inside use.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Note: Appr.Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-188-

locn. no. Fl.64-18 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min . draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 180U 6 F 982 6 C) .
Chemical 4 Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

SiOz

TiOz
Al 2o3
Fez03
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
KzO
PzOs
s c

(total) (org.)

COz
Hn22oo+-

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method

Sample Location Data:

County __F_l~o~y_d~ --------- Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. -----------------------. Lat.

Long .

Field No. 71.

, Collected by J .W. Smith ?

--~~--------------

Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration ---------------

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84

-189-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-19

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample Number --7-2-. -----------
Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1555-Q.

Date Reported 5-28-64

Ceramist M. V. Denny, USBM (revised by M. E.

(revised 1967)

Tyrrell , Tuscaloosa, Ala.)

Water of Plasticity

15.8% Working Properties (Low plasticity.) Short

workin

smooth.

H = 7.85 (Sl i ght effervescence with HC1.)

Remarks Drying Characteristics: Fair- crazing. (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)
1800 (982)

Color Tan

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs ') Shrinkage, %

%

Fair hard

5.0

(3)

1.4.4

Appr. Por.
%
27.1

Other data: Bulk Dens.
m/cc 1.88

1900

Brown

(1038)

Hard (4)

5.5(5.0)

9.8

20.2

2.06

2000

Light

( 1093) brown

Hard

6.0

(4)

9.9

20.4

2.06

2100

Brown

(1149)

Very hard

6.0

(5)

7.5

16.0

2.13

2200

Dark

(1204) brown

Steel hard 10.0 (6)

4.8

10.8

2.24

2300

Dark

Steel hard 10. 7(10.0)

4.3

(1260) brown

(6)

9.6

2.24

Remarks I Other Tests (Should fire to "SW" face brick seecifications at about
2050F, 1121C, Might be liml.) Fair color, seotted surface. Potential Use: (Face brick.) Brick and tile if color not obj ec tionable.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Note: Appr.Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell

..

-190-

locn. no. Fl.64-19 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unf~red material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 8 F 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not dete rmined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe203 FeO

l1n0

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20

P205
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Felrlspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. ----------------------- Lat.

Long.

Field No. 72.

, Collected by J .W. Smit/;1 ?

----~------------~

Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration - - - - - -- -

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84

-----------~--------------

-191-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Floyd). County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Lab & No.

Compilation Map Location NQ 1 Fl.64-20 Sample Number 73.
~-------------
USBM, Norris, Tenn. ; No. 1555-R.

Date Reported 5-28-64

Ceramist

(revised 1967)

Water of Plast i city

24. 6%

workin lastic, smooth, fatt

by M. E.

Remarks Drying Characteristics: Good slight warping. (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs') Shrinkage, %

%

1800

Light

Fair hard

6.0

(982) brown

(3)

13 . 5

1900

Light

(1038) brown

Hard (4)

10.0

11.5

2000

Light

(1093) brown

Hard (4)

10.0

11.0

2100

Brown

Very hard

15.0

6.9

( 1149)

(5)

2200

Chaco-

Steel hard 15.0

3.7

(1204) late

(6)

2300

Dark

Steel hard 15.0

2.9

(1260) brown

(6)

Remarks / Other Tests (Should 2050F 1121 C). Hi
surface.

Appr. Por. % 27. 4 24.0 23.3 15.7 8.9 7.0

Other data: Bulk Dens.
m/cc 2.03
2.09
2.12
2.27
2.41
2.41

Preliminary Bloatihg (Quick tiring) Tests: Negative.
Note : Appr.Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks 1n parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-192-

locn. no. Fl.64-20 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min . draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 6}', 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

SiOz

TiOz

Al Fe

22oo33

FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2 o
KzO

Pz05
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method -----------------------
Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

- - - - Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. -------------- Lat.

Long.

Field

No.

73.

,

--~~--------

Collected

by

J .w. Smith ?

Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration ----------

Structural Attitude ------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment --~F~l~o~y~d~S~h~a~l~e~~(M~i~s~s~i~s~s~i~p~P~;i~a~n~)~~--------------

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84

----------~--~------

-193-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-21

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Lab & No.

Sample Number 74. ~~-----------
USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1555-S.

Date Reported 5-28-64

Ceramist M. V. Denny, USBM (revised by M.E.

(revi sed 1967)

Tyrr ell, Tuscaloosa, Ala.)

Water of Plasticity

25.4% Working Propert i es (Moderate lastic i t

wo r kin lastic , smooth , fatt pH = 5.30 Not effe rvescent

Color Buff.

Dry i ng Shrinkage ----~5_._0 _~% Dr y Strength ___G_o_o_d_~----~

Remarks Drying Characteristics: Good. (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)
1800 (982)

Color Tan

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs') Shrinkage, %

%

Fa i r hard

5. 0

(3)

21.0

Appr. Por. %
36.8

Other data: Bulk Dens.
/cc 1. 75

1900

Tan

(1038)

Hard

5.5(5.0)

19.1

(4)

33.4

1. 75

2000

Tan

(1093)

Hard (4)

5.5(5.0)

18.5

32.6

1. 76

2100

Light

Very Hard

9.0

( 1149) brown

(5)

15.3

28.5

1.86

2200

Brown

Steel hard 10. 5(10. O)

9.3

0204)

( 6)

18.9

2.03

2300

Brown

Steel hard 10. 5(10. O)

6.5

(1260)

(6)

13.8

2.12

Remarks / Other Tests 2150F, ll77C) . Good co l or, Potential Use: (Face brick.

at about h.

Preliminarx Bloating (guick Firing) Tests: Negative.

Note: Appr.Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-194-

locn. no. Fl.64-21 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 18006 F, 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not dete r mined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

SiOz

TiOz

Al Fe

22oo33

FeD

MnO

MgO

CaD
Na 2o
K20

P2o5
s c

(total) (org.)

COz
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. ----------------------- Lat.

Long.

Field No. --7-4-.----------------, Collected by J. W. Smith ?

Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration ------------

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84

-195-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material ___S_h_a_l_e__(_C_o_n_a_s_a_u~g~a~)_.______________ Compilation Map Location No. Fl.64-22

County

Floyd.

Raw Properties:

Sample Number --7-5-. -----------
Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1555-T.

Date Reported 5-28-64

Ceramist

(revised 1967)

Water of Plasticity

29.0%

wo rkin plastic,

Color Yelow.

Drying

by M. E.

Remarks Drying Characteristics: Good, slight cracking (No defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Color

1800

Tan

(982)

Hardness (Mohs')
Hard (4)

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

9.5(9.0)

18.9

Appr. Por. %
32.5

Other data: Bulk Dens.
gm/cc 1.72

1900

Tan

(1038)

Very hard 10. 5(10. 0)
(5)

13.3

25.5

1. 92

2000

Tan

(1093)

Very hard
(5)

11.0

12.6

24.6

1. 95

2100

Light

(1149) brown

Steel hard
(6)

15.0

8.0

17.0

2.12

2200

Brown

(1204)

Steel hard
(6)

17.5

3.6

8.2

2.27

2300

Choco-

Steel hard 17.5

3.0

(1260) late

(Expanded)

Remarks / Other Tests (Should fire to "MW" face brick s pe cifications at about 2000F, 1093C). Good color; too high shrinka~e. Potential Use: (Face brick.) Decorative or art pottery.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.
-Note: Appr.Por. and Bulk Den~. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967 revised data sheets by Tyrrell.

-196-

locn. no. Fl.64 - 22 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F 982 6 C) .
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si0 2
TFAelio22oo233
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na2o
K20
P2o5
s c

(total) (org.)

COz
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst -------------------------Date

Method -------------------------
Sample Location Data:

County __F~l~o~y_d~--------- Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. ----------------------. Lat.

Long.

Field No. ---7-5-.---------------, Collected by J .W. Smith ?

Date c. 1963.

Sample Method ___G~r_a_b~( _? ~) ~ --

Weathering/alteration -------------

Structural Attitude
------------------------------------------------~-----------
Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84

-~--~--~--~----------

-197-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

_____ Materia1 __s_h_a...:..le;;.._(;:...C;..;o_n_a...:..s...:..a..;;;u~g.;;.a;:..);;....._______ Cotnpi1 at ion Map Location No . F1. 64-2 3

County

Floyd.

Sample Number 95. _,..;....;....

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM, Norris, Tenn.; No. 1556-N.

Date Reported 6-26-64

Ceramist M. V. Denny, USBM (revised by M. E.

(revised 1967)

Tyrrell, Tuscaloosa, Ala.)

Water of Plasticity

27.0 %Working Properties (Moderate plasticity.)

(pH= 5.5. Not effervescent with HCl.)

---------- Color Tan. _..;;;,~;;....._----- Drying Shrinkage 6.0

%Dry Strength (Fair.)

Remarks (No drying defects.)

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
<c)
1800 (982)

Color Tan

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mobs') Shrinkage, %

%

Fair hard

7.5

16.2

(3)

Appr. Por.
%
30.3

Other data: Bulk Dens.
e/cc 1.87

1900

Tan

(1038)

Hard

12.5

(4)

10.7

21.9

2.05

2000

Tan

(1093)

Hard

15.0

(4)

8.0

17.2

2.15

2100

Light

Very hard

15.0

( 1149) brown

(5)

6.3

14.0

2.22

2200

Brown

Steel hard

15.0

(1204)

(6)

1.5

3.6

2.41

2300 (1260)

(Expanded)

Remarks I Other Tests (Should fire to "SW" face btick s ecifications at about
2oooF, 1093c. Hish firins shrinka~e. Potential Use: Face brick.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: . Negative.

Note: Appr.Por. and Bulk Dens. plus data and remarks in parentheses are from 1967

-

revised data 51heets by Tyrrell.

-198-

locn. no. Fl.64-23 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)
Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 m~n. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F, 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe203

FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20

P2o5
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method ----------------------------
Sample Location Data:

County ___F_l_o~y_d_.___________ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. ----------------------------. Lat.
Field No. --9-5--. ----------------- Collected by J.H.Smith?

Long. Date c. 1963.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration ------------------

Structural Attitude --------------------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by H. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84
--------------------------

-199-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Clay/shale?

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.67-l

County Floyd.

Sample Number .....1;....3;._6...;._ _ _ __.._

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM, Tuscaloosa, Ala.; No. G-9-1.

Date Reported 1-11-67

Ceramist

~~~~--------

M. E. Tyrrell, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

23.9 % Working Properties Low plas t icity.

pH =5.4. Not e ff ervescent with HCl .

Color Orange.

Drying Shrinkage

2.5 % Dry Strength ~L..;.o.w..;...;.._ _ _ ____

Remarks No drying defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)
1800 (982)

Color Tan

Hardness (Mohs')
2

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

2. 5

24 .1

Appr. Por . %
37.8

Other data: Bulk Dens.
/cc 1. 57

1900

Light brown 3

2.5

(1038)

17.7

30.6

1. 74

2000

Light brown 4

2.5

(1093)

16.1

29.0

1. 80

2100

Red-brown

5

7.5

(1149)

12. 1

23.4

1. 93

2200

Dark brown 6

7.5

(1204)

9.8

19.7

2.01

2300

Black

7

10.0

(1260)

4.3

9.2

2. 15

Remarks I Other Tests Should fir e to "MU'' face brick sEecifications at about
2100F (1149C) . Good color . Potential Use: Building brick.

Preliminar~ Bloating (guick Firing) Tests: Ne gative.

-200-

locn. no. Fl.67-l , cont.

- - - - - - Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)
Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 6F 9828C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not dete r mined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

SiOz

TiOz

AlzOJ

Fe 2o3 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K20
Pz05
s c

(total) (org.)

COz

HzO-

HzO+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst ---------------------
Date ------

Method - - - - - - - - - - - - Sample Location Data:

- - - - County _..;;F...l:..o;;.JyL...d;;....;.- - - - Land Lot

Sec.

Dist. ---

7 1/2' topo quad. ----------------------- Lat.

Long.

Field No. 136.

, Collected by

--=~~-------

J.W.

Smith ?

Date c. 1966.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration ----------

Structural Attitude ----------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment ---------------------------
Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by -..:B~~J~~o~c~o~n~n~o~r_ _ _ ____

Date 5-1-84
-~~~~------

-201-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Clay/shale?

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.67-2

County Floyd. Raw Properties:

Sample 'Number -1-37.- -- - -
Lab & No. USBM, Tuscaloosa, Aia. No. G-9-2.

Date Reported 1-11-67.

Ceramist M. E. tyrrell, USBM.

----~~------

Water of Plasticity

34.7 % Workibg Propertie~ Moderate plasticity.

pH = 5.0. Not e f ferv es cent with HCl.

Color Yellow.

Drying Shrinkage

5.0 % Dr y Str'ength Fa ir . .....;;...=;...;....._ _ __

Remarks No drying defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)
1800 (982)

Color Tan

Hardness (Mohs')
2

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por.

Shrinkage, %

%

%

5. 0

32.4

46.0

Other data: Bulk Dens.
Icc
1.42

1900

Light brown 3

10.0

(1038)

22. 7

37.0

1. 63

2000

Light brown 4

12.5

(1093)

19.7

33.5

1. 70

2100

Red-brown

5

12.5

(1149)

15.5

27.9

l. 80

2200

Dark brown 6

12.5

(1204)

12.5

23.5

1. 88

2300

Black

7

17.5

(1260)

4.3

9.1

2.12

Remarks I Other Tests Should fire to 'MW" face brick specific at ions at about
2200F (1204C). Fair color. Potential Use: nui1ding brick .

Preliminarl:: Bloat in~ (Quick Fir in~) Tests': Ne~ative.

-202-

locn. no. Fl.67-2 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 F , 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

SiOz

TiOz

Al Fe

22oo33

FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
KzO

P2os

S

(total)

C

(org.)

COz
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date ------
Method ---------------------
Sample Location Data:

County ~F~l ~oy~d~~------- Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. ---------------------- Lat.

Long

Field No. ---1-3-7-.---------------, Collected by J.W. Smith ?

Date c. 1966.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration ------- --

Structural Attitude ----------------------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment --------------------------------------------
Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84

----------~~~----------

-203-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Clay/shale?

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.67-3

County

Floyd.

Raw Properties:

Sample Number -1-39.- -- - -
Lab & No. USBM, Tuscaloosa, Ala.; No. G-9-3.

Date Reported 1-11-67.

Ceramist M. E. Tyrrell, USBM.

-~~~~------

Water of Plasticity

21.4 %Working Properties Low plasticity.

pH= 4.3. Not effervescent with HC1.

Color Red.

Drying Shrinkage

2.5 %Dr y Strength ~L~o_w_. _ _____

Remarks No drying defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mohs') Shrinkage, %

%

1800

Salmon

2

s.o

l9. 2

(982)

1900

Light brown 3

7.5

14.2

(1038)

2000

Light brown 4

10.0

(1093)

12. 7

2100

Red-brown

5

10.0

11.0

(1149)

2200

Dark brown 6

10.0

9.4

(1204)

2300

Black

7

10.0

4.3

(1260)

Remarks I Other Tests Should fire to "MW" face bri ck s
2100F (1149C). Fair color. Potent~al Use: Build i n
and quarry tile - see Extrusion Test data.

Preliminar! Bloatin~ (Qui~k Firi.n ~ ) Tests:

Negative.

Appr. Por. % 33.0 26.6 24.4 21.8 19.0 9.3

Other data: Bulk Dens.
&!!Icc
1.72
l. 87
l. 92
1. 98
2.02
2.17

-204-

Map Location No. Fl.67-3, cont.

TUSCALOOSA METALLURGY RESEARCH LABORATORY

Clay Evaluation: Extrusion Tests

Sender's identification: Tuscaloosa number: G-9-3

139 (Floyd Co.)

Date 9/18/67 (+Firing Tests 1-12-67)

Body composition: Raw clay through 6 mesh: 100 %.

Tempering water: 21.0 % of dry batch weight.

Vacuum on machine: 27 inches of mercury.

Drying: 24 hours in air; 24 hours at 140F (60C).

Drying shrinkage: 3.1 %.

Modulus of rupture, dry unfired: 175 ps1..

Firing:

TimeTemperatureCone-

24 hours. 2225F (1218C). 8

Total shrinkage: 10.4 %.

Absorption, 5-hour boiled: 0.6 %.

Absorption, 24-hour soaked: 0.6 %.

Saturation coefficient: 1.00

Apparent porosity: 1. 4 %.

Bulk density: 2.41 g/cc.

Fired modulus of rupture: 4750 psi.

Mobs' hardness: 8

Color: Dark red-brown.

Comments Should be satisfactory for face brick or quarry tile. Low dry strength.

-205-

locn. no. Fl.67-3 , cont.

- - - - - Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)
Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trial s (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F, 98 26C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined .

C.hemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe203 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20

P2os S
C

(total) (org.)

COz
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst - - - - - - - -- - - - -
Date --- ---
Method --------------------
Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

- - - Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. ------------------. Lat.

Field No. 139.

, Collected by J.W. $~ith ?

~~~-------

Long . Date c. 1966.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration - - -- - - - - -

Structural Attitude --------------------------------- --- - ---------

Stratigraphic Assignment ------- ---------- ------ ----- - - - - - - - - -
Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J, O'Connor

Date --5~--1--8-4--------

-206-

-207-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Clay/shale? County Floyd.

__ ____ Compilation Map Location No. Fl.67-4
Sample Number 141..;......

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM, Tus caloosa, Ala.; No. G-9-4.

Date Reported 1-11-67.

Ceramist M. E. Tyre ll, USBM.

~~~~---------

Water of Plasticity

21.0 %Working Properties Low p last i city.

pH = 4. 4 Not e f fe rves cent with HCl.

Color Yellow.

Drying Shrinkage

2.5 % Dry Strength -~ Low~ . ----

Remarks No drying defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
( oc)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(Mobs') Shrinkage, %

%

1800

Tan

(982)

2

2.5

23. 1

1900

Tan

(1038)

3

5.0

17.4

2000

Light brown 4

5.0

(1093)

16.6

2100

Light brown 5

7.5

(1149)

15.9

2200

Red-brown

6

7.5

(1204)

13.7

2300

Dark brown 7

10.0

7.9

(1260)

Remarks I Other Tests Should fire to nMW" face brick s
2250F (1232C). Poor to lor. Potential Use: Bu i ld in see Extrusion Test data.

Preliminary Bloatin~ (Quick Fir in~) Tests: Ne ~ ative.

Appr. Por. % 37 .4 31.0 29.9 29.4 25.6 15.8

Other data: Bulk Dens.
/cc 1. 62
1. 78
1. 80
1. 85
1. 87
2.00

-208-

Map Location No. Fl.67-4, cont.

TUSCALOOSA METALLURGY RESEARCH LABORATORY Clay Evaluation: Extrusion Tests
Sender's identification: 141 (Floyd Co.) Tuscaloosa number: G-9-4

Date 9/28/67 (+ Firing Tests 1-12-67)

Body composition: Raw clay through 6 mesh: 100 %.

Tempering water: 19.0% of dry batch weight.

Vacuum on machine: 27 inches of mercury.

Drying: 24 hours in air; 24 hours at 140F (60C).

Drying shrinkage: 2.1 %.

Modulus of rupture, dry unfired: 320 psi.

Firing:

TimeTemperatureCone-

24 hours. 2225 6 F 02l8C). 8

Total shrinkage: 7.3 %.

Absorption, 5-hour boiled: 7.8 %.

Absorption, 24-hour soaked: 6.4 %.

Saturation coefficient: 0.82

Apparent porosity: 16.4 %.

Bulk density: 2.10 g/cc.

Fired modulus of rupture: 1830 psi.

Mohs' hardness: 6

Color: Red-brown.

Comments Should be satisfactory for "SW" class face brick.

-209-

locn. no. Fl.67-4 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min . draw trials (following 3-4 hr.
to 1800 F , 982 8 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not dete r mined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02

Ti02

Al203

Fe203 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO

Na20

K20

P205

S

(total)

C

(org.)

C02
H2o-
H2o+

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date ------
Method ----------------------------
Sample Location Data:

- - - County _F~l~o~y~d~ ----- Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

----------- 7 1/2' topo quad.

. Lat.

Long

Field No. -1-4~1.~---------, Collected by J.W. Smith?

Date c. 1966.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration ----------

Structural Attitude ------------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment ------- - - - - - - - - - -- -- -- - - -- --Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84
-~~~---------

-210-

-211-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Clay/shale?

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.67-5

County Floyd.

Sample Number ~1 ~44~ ---------

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM, Tuscaloosa, Ala. ; No. G-9-7.

Date Reported 1-11-67.

Ceramist M. E. Tyrrell, USBM.

~--~~~-------

Water of Plasticity

24.3 7. Working Properties Low plasticity.

Color Tan.

Drying Shrinkage

__________ pR = 5.0. Not ef fervescent with HCl.
2.5 % Dr y Strength _.L.;o..w_.

Remarks No drving defects.

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
Cc)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por.

(Mohs') Shrinkage, %

%

%

1800

Tan

(982)

3

2.5

20. 5

34 . 4

1.900

Tan

(1038)

3

5.0

20.3

34.9

2000

Tan

(1093)

4

7.5

13.5

26.2

2100

Light brown 5

10.0

(1149)

8.0

17.0

2200

Red-brown

6

(1204)

10.0

4.3

9.6

2300

Dark brown 7

(1260)

12.5

2.6

5.5

Remarks I Other Tests Should fire to "SW" face brick s
2100F (1149C) . Fair color. Potential Use: Buildin see Extrus i on Test Data.

Preliminary Bloating (QuiGk Firing ) Tests: Neg~tive.

Other data: Bulk Dens.
/cc 1.68
l. 72
1. 94
2.13
2.23
2.10

-212-

Map Location No. Fl.67-5, cont.

TUSCALOOSA METALLURGY RESEARCH LABORATORY Clay Evaluation: Extrusion Tests
Sender's identification: 144 (Floyd Co.) Tuscaloosa number: G-9-7

Date 9/28/67 (+ Firing Tests 1-12-6 7)

Body composition: Raw clay through 6 mesh: 100 %.

Tempering water: 22.0 %of dry batch weight.

Vacuum on machine: 28 inches of mercury.

Drying: 24 hours in air; 24 hours at 140F (60C).

Drying shrinkage: 1. 0 %.

Modulus of rupture, dry unfired: 285 psi.

Firing:

TimeTemperatureCone-

24 hours. 2120 3F (1160C).
4

Total shrinkage: 8.3 %.

Absorption, 5-hour boited; 3.9 %.

Absorption, 24-hour soaked: 3. 7 %.

Saturation coefficient: 0.95

Apparent porosity: 9.0 %.

Bulk density: 2.30 g/cc.

Fired modulus of rupture: 3290 ps1.

Mohs' hardness: 6

Color: Light brown.

Comments Should be satisfactory for "SW" class face brick. Poor color.

-213-

loco. no. Fl.67-S , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr.
to 1800F, 982 6 C).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si0 2
TAFeilo22oo233
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
KzO

P2os
s c

(total) (org.)

HCO2oz -
H2o+

Ignition

. loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst ------------
Date ------

Method -----------------------Sample Location Data:

----- County ~F~l~oy~d~~------- Land LOt

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. ---------------------- Lat.

Field No. 144.

, Collected by J .w. Smith ?

~~~-----------

Long. Date c. 1966.

Sample Method Grab (?).

Weathering/alteration --------------

Structural Attitude -------------------------------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment -----------------------------------------------Sample Description & Comments No further data available.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-1-84

-214-

-215-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (tloyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.76-1

County ~F~l~oy~d~~--------------

Sample Number ----------------

Raw Properties:

LQb & No. USBM, Tuscaloosa, Ala.; No. G-21-1.

Date Reported 3-30-76.

Ceramist K. J. Liles, USBM.

------~~---------

Water

of

Plasticity

% Working
----------~

Properties

-------------------------------

Color------------- Drying Shrinkage ________% Dry Strength---------------

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
Cc)

Color

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

No test data.

Remarks I Other Tests Does not appear to have potential value as a structural
clay product
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

-216-

locn. no. Fl.76-l , cont .

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 15 min. draw trials (following 3-4 hr. to 1800 6 F, 9826 C) .
Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si02 Tio2 Al 2o3 Fe 2o3 FeO

27.82
1.37 2.37

MnO

MgC03

8.30

Caco 3 Na20

48.37

K20

P2os
s
c

(total) (org.)

C02 HH22oo+!soluble

38.65

Mineralogy Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

Total

Analyst Pembroke Lab., Fla. (via C.T. Will iams, Florida Rock Industries, 1986).

Date Jan. 21, 1976

Method -----------------------
Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rome North (SW. cntr.) Lat.

Long.

Field No. Sample Method Grab (?)

Collected by B. J. Timmons

Date Feb. 1976.

(Fla. Rock).

Weathering/ alteration -------

Structural Attitude -----------------------------

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Shale sample from west side of limestone qua rry

operated by Florida Rock Industri e s (formerly owned by LBI quarries, Inc.) and

located 1 1/4 mi. W. of U.S . H . 27 on the Berr School r ope rt , N. of Redman

Rd., 3 4 m1 . N. of Rome city l1m1ts . Sh a le ts 30 f t. t h i ck

and overltes

the l i mestone on the west side of the quarry.

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 3-10-86
--~~-----------
-217-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Fioyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.77-1

County __F_l_o~yd__. _________________

Sample Number ----------

Raw PropertiE!s:

Lab & No. USBM, tuscaloosa, Ala.; No. GA-25-23.

Date Reported 5-12-77.

Ceramist K. J. tiies, USBM.

~~~~~------

Water of Plasticity

20.0 %Working Properties Short. pH = 5.2.

-----------

HCl e fferves cence:

None

Color Gray.

Drying Shrinkage

2.5 % Dry Strength --F-a-ir-.--------

Slow Firing Tests:

Color Hardness (Munsell)* (Mohs')

1832

Moderate

3

( 1000) orange

(5 YR 7/8)

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

5. 0

16.0

Appr. Por. %
30.0

Other data: Bulk Dens.
m/cc 1. 87

1922

Moderate

4

5.0

13.0

25.9

1.96

(1050) orange

(5 YR 6/8)

2012

Brownish

5

7.5

12.5

24.5

1.99

(llOO) orange

(2.5 YR 5/8)

2102

Strong brown 6

10.0

(1150) (2.5 YR 4/6)

6.2

13.2

2.11

2192

Moderate

7

(1200) reddish-brown

(lb R 3/4)

10.0

4.4

9.2

2.12

2282 (1250)

Expanded

Remarks/ Other Tests Potential Use: Structural clay products (e.g., building brick) at 1922-2182F (1050 - l 200C).

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

*Note: Munsell color names were taken from conversion charts 1n Kelly and Judd (1976, p. 18-20)

-218-

locn. no. Fl.77-l , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 1 hour (following 24 hours to temperature).
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Sio 2
ATFeli022oo233
FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K20

P2os
s c
Hco2o2 -
H2o+

(total) (org.)

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method ---------------------------
Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (E. cntr.). Lat.

Long.

Field No.

Collected by R. Dickerson (DOT). Date c. April 1977.

Sample Method Grab (?)

Weathering/alteration --------------

Structural Attitude ---------------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Typical Floyd Shale from stockpile of Bickerstaff Clay Products Co., Inc. from their Neill pit about 3 1/2 mi. W.-NW. of Rome on the S. side
of the Central of Ga. RR. and Huffaker Rd., W. of Woods Rd. (Also see Fl.S0-2.)

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-22-84

-219-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Floyd),

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.S0-1

County Floyd.

Sample Number Clay No. 3.

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Marazzi Ceramiche, #M.P. 1792.

Date Reported March 1980.

Ceramist L. Lorici.

Water of Plasticity

%Working Properties Good workability; compact.

Color Buff-broWn. Drying Good.

__ ____ %Dry Strength

'"""""'

Pressing Good. Fluidizing

Good.

Slow Firing Tests: (SOx 100 x 8 mm. pressed tiles.)

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

1976 (1080)
(= cycle 1)

2030 (1110)
(= cycle 2)

1994 (1090)
(= cycle 3)

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage , %

%

%

data:

3.3

6.0

5.3

2.3

Remarks I Other Tests Ar illaceous, illitic clay (low ercentage of kaolinite)
with satisfactory firin characteristics. "A : clay with interest in technologlcal feat ures for mak1ng tile ; furth er sampl 1ng 1s necessar . DTA and Dllatometric Analyses on file. - unpubl. report .
Preliminary Bloatin& (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-220-

locn. no. Fl.80-l , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size < 40 microns Retention Time Cycle 1: 40-45 min.

Cycle 2: 70-75 min.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Cycle 3: 200-230 min.

~n roller kiln.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

(A) Weight % (B)

Si0 2
ATFeli 022oo2 33
FeO

68.76 0.30 18.14
4.0

70.7 0.9
20.5 2.3

MnO

0.00

MgO

0.76

0.9

CaO

0.00

Na 2o

0.19

0.3

K20

2.89

3.4

PzOs

s (total)

c (org.)

C0
H2 H2

o2 o+

Ignition

loss

4.76

(5.4)

Total

99.80

99.0

Mineralogy

Mineral

volume %

(A)

Quartz

Feldspar

Carbonate

Mica (Muscovite)
Chlorite (+ kaolinite) ( 8)

vermiculite

Montmorillonite

Illite

(92)

Kaolinite (disordered)

(B)
X
X
X
v. low

Total
x = present. (A) = clays and micas only.

Analyst A) R. Landrum , Ga. Geol. Su~~ ey. B) Marazzi Ceramich e.

M. A. Tadkod, Ga. Geol. Survey. M. Ceramiche.

Date Aug. and Sept. 1979. Method A) Atomic Absorption.
B) XRF and SpectrophOtometry (on f i red material) .
Sample Location Data:

Aug. and Sept. 1979. X-ray diffraction.

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 1/2' topo quad. Rpck Mountain (E. cntr.). Lat.

Long.

Field No. 3

, Collected by M. A. Tadkod.

--~----------------

Date July 1979.

Sample Method Grab.

Weathering/alteration Weat hered.

Structural Attitude

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale ? (Mississippian).

Sample Description & Comments Sample from pit about 2 1/2 mi. W.-NW. of Rome
(Tadkod, 1979 and 1980, unpubl. ' data, Ga. Geol. Survey files).

Compiled by ---B-.--J-.--O--'C--o-n-n-o-r----------- Date ----3---1-0---8-6----------
-221-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.80-2

County Floyd.

Sample Number Clay No. 4.

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Marazzi Ceramiche, #M.P. 1793.

Date Reported March 1980.

Ceramist L. Lorici.

Water of Plasticity - -- - - -% Working Properties

Color Brown-buff. Drying Good .

Dry Strength

Pressing Good.

Fluidizing Good. ---~--------

Slow Firing Tests: (50 x 100 x 8 mm. pressed tiles.)

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

1976 (1080)
(=cycle 1)

2030 (1110)
(=eye le 2)

1994 ( 1090)
(=cycle 3)

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

4.0

10.0

6.1

6.5

Clay Pr od ucts. Co. f or unpub lished report.)
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests:

Not determined.

-222-

locn. no. Fl.80-2 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size < 40 microns Retention Time Cycle 1: 40-45 m1n.

Cycle 2: 70-75 mm.

Chemical &. Mineralo ~ ical Data:

Cycle 3: 200-230 min.

1n roller kiln.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

(A) Weight % (B)

Si02

69.34

64.9

Ti02
Al203 Fe203 FeO

0.43 18.72 4.20

1.1 19.9 10.5

MnO

0.00

MgO

0.53

0.6

GaO

0.11

Na20

0.17

0.2

K20

1. 38

2.0

P205
s (total) -
c (org.)

C02
HH22oo+-
Ignition

loss

4.97

(6.6)

Total 99.85

99.2

Mineralogy

Mineral

volume %

(A)

(B)

Quartz

X

Feldspar

Carbonate

Mica

low

Chlorite (+ kaolinite) (35)

vermiculite

Montmorillonite

Illite Kaolinite

(65) low

Total

x = present. (A) = clays and micas only.

Analyst ~A~)--~R~~L=a=n~d~r~u~m~~G~a~~G~e~o~l~~S~u~r~v~e~y~. M. A. Tadkod, Ga. Geol. Survey.

B) Marazzi Ceramiche.

M. Ceramiche.

Date Aug . and Sept . 1979. Method A) Atomi c Abs or pti on .
B) XRF and Spectrophotometry (on fired material).
Sample Location Data:

Aug. and Sept. 1979. X-ray diffraction.

County _ F_l_o..y.._d_.________ Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

- - - - - 7 1/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (E. cntr.). Lat.

Long.

Field No. ---4----------------, Collected by M. A. Tadkod.

Date July 1979.

Sample Method -G-r-a-b.------

Weathering/alteration Weathered.

Structural Attitude ------------------------------------------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment ___F~l~o~y_d__S_h_a~l~e--(~M_i~s~s_i~s~s~i~p~p~i~a~n~)~-------------------

Sample Description&. Comments Sample from pi t of Bickerstaff Clay Products Co.,

Inc. about 3 1/2 mi. W.-NW , of Rome (Tadkod , 1979 a nd 1980, unpbl. data,

Ga.

Geol. Surve f i les) on the N. side o f the Central of GA. RR. and S. of Hu ff aker

Rd. , W. of Woods Rd. Also see Fl.77-l.)

------------------ Comp i 1ed by __.;B;;~_.;;J;~~O-'~C~o=n=n;.o:.~r___________ Date 8-13-86
-223-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Conasa~ga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.S0-3

County Floyd.

Sample Number Clay No. 5.

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Marazzi Ceramiche, 4#M.P. 1794.

Date Reported ---M-a-r-c-h--1-9-8-0-. ----- Ceramist L. Lorici.

Water

of

Plasticity

-----------%Working

Properties

Compact.
-~~~~-------------------

Color Reddish brown. Drying Good.

Dry Strength ----------------

Pressing Good. --~~~--------

Fluidizing ~G~o~o_d~----------

Slow Firing Tests: (50 x 100 x -8=- m-m-. -- p-re-s-s-e-d-~tiles.)

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color

1976 (1080)
(=cycle 1)

2030 (1110)
(=cycle 2)

1994 (1090)
(=cycle 3)

Hardness

Linear

Absorption Appr. Por. Other

Shrinkage, %

%

%

data:

3.8

7.0

5.5

3.4

Remarks I Other Tests Illitic, micaceous clay with low percentage of kaolinite. ( "Bl": too refractory for making tile.) (DTA & Dilatometric Analyses on file-
unpublished report.)
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-224-

locn. no. Fl.B0-3 , cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material) ----------

Particle Size < 40 microns Retention Time~C~y~c~l~e~l_:__~4~0_-~4~5~m~~-n~.

Cycle 2: 70-75 min. ~n roller kiln.

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Cycle 3: 200-230 m~n.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

(A) Weight i. (B)

Sio2 Tio 2 Al 2o3 Fe 2o3 FeO

59.72 0.43
21.74 7.24

65.2 0.9 22.0 6.9

MnO

0.00

MgO

0.90

0.5

CaO

0.22

Na 2o

0.17

0.2

K20

2.80

2.8

P2os S (total)

-

c (org.)

HC202o-
H2o+ Ignition

loss

6.62

(6.1)

Total 99.84

98.5

Mineralogy

Mineral

volume i.

(A)

Quartz

Feldspar

Carbonate

Mica

Chlorite (+ kaolinite) X

vermiculite

Montmorillonite

Illite

X

Kaolinite (disordered)

(B)
-X
X
X
v. low

Total

x = present. (A) = clays and micas only.

Analyst A) R. Landrum, Ga. Geol. Survey. B) Marazzi Ceramiche.

M. A. Tadkod, Ga. Geol. Survey. M. Ceramiche.

Date Aug. and Sept. 1979. Method A) Atomic Absorpt i on .
B) XRF and Spectrophotometry (on fi r ed materi ~ l) .
Sample Location Data:

Aug. and Sept. 1979. X-ray diffraction.

County Floyd.

- - - - Land Lot

Sec.

7 1/2' topo quad. Livingston (NW. cntr.). Lat.

Dist. Long.

Field No. 5

, Collected by M. A.Tadkod.

~------------------

Date July 1979.

Sample Method -G-r-a-b-. -------

Weathering/alteration Weathered.

Structural Attitude ------------------------ -----------------------
Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian) shale.

Sample Description & Comments Sample from roadcut about 1/2 mi. from Livingston
(Tadkod, 1979 and 1980, unpubl. data, Ga. Geol. Survey files. Notes state 1/2 mi . E. but map shows W. of Li vingston).

Compiled by ---B-. -J-.--O-'-C-o-n-n-o-r --------- Date ---3---1-0---8-6-----------

-225-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.80-4a

County Floyd.

Sample Number Floyd Top Shale

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Georgia Tech., #F.

Date Reported ---1-2---1--0---8-0-.-------- Ceramist J. F. Benzel,Georgia Tech.
Water of Plasticity --------------% Working Properties ----------------------------Color -------------- Drying Shrinkage 5.26 to 5.82% Dry Strength (MOR) 346 psi.
Remarks Drying Wt. loss = 26.19%.

Slow Firing Tests:(l x 1 x approximately 9 1n. extruded bars.)

Temp. OF
(oC)
Cone 03: 2039
(1115)
Cone 02: 2057
(1125)
Cone 1: 2120
(1160)

Color Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(MOR, psi.) Shrinkage, %

%

(total)

2574

4.03 (9.40)

10.64

Appr. Por. %

3010

5.79 (11.05)

6.28

2892

5.82 (11. 64)

5.86

Other data: Loss on Ignition
6.90
7.06
6.89

Remarks / Other Tests This shale was used in blends (with a roximatel amounts of Alabama shale and Cordova, Ala., fire clay to make 811 sewer
blends see Fl.80-4c to d; Plk. 80-2c ; and Wkr. 80-2b and 3b.)
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-226-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Floyd).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.80-4b

County __ _ F_l_o~y_d_. _________________

Sample Number Floyd Bottom Shale.

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Georgia Tech., #FB

Date Reported 12-10-80.

Ceramist J. F. Benzel, Georgia Tech.

Water of Plasticity -----------% Working Properties -----------------------------

---------- Color

Drying Shrinkage 4.41 to 4.44% Dry Strength (MOR) 447 ps~.

Remarks Drying Wt. loss = 21.96%.

Slow Firing Tests:(l x 1 x approximately 9 in. extruded bars.)

Cone 03: 2039
(1115)

Color Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(MOR, psi.) Shrinkage , %

%

(total)

355 0

4. 18 (8.59)

6.99

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Loss on I gnition
6. 61

Cone 2:

3561

5.22

5.11

7.35

2057

(9.66)

(1125)

Cone 1: 2120
(1160)

3228

6.01 (10.45)

4.75

7.33

Remarks / Other Tests Underlies the "Flo d To used to make sewer pipe in
Also see Fl.80- 4d ble nd.

(see Fl. 80-4a) which was Gr iffin Pipe Products Co.

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-227-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale and clay (blend).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.80-4c

County Floyd, Ga. (and Ala.).

Sample Number 811 pipe mix.

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Georgia Tech., #S.

Date Reported ---1-2---1-0---8-0-.-------- Ceramist J. F. Benzel, Georgia Tech.

Water of Plasticity -----------% Working Properties -----------------------------

Color ---------- - Drying Shrinkage

3.58 % Dry Strength (MOR) 260 psi.

Remarks Drying Wt. loss= 18.78%.

Slow Firing Tests: (1 x 1 x approximately 9 in. extruded bars.)

Temp. OF
(oC)
Cone 03: 2039
(1115)
Cone 02: 2057
(1125)
Cone 1: 2120
(1160)

Color Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(MOR, psi.) Shrinkage, %

%

2209

4.01 (7. 59)

8.25

2785

5.35 (8.93)

5.32

2537-2984 5.29-5.61 5.08-5.39 (8.85-9.19)

Appr. Por. %

Other data: Loss on Ignition
6. 39

6.26

4. 94-6.71

Remarks I Other Tests Production blend of 35% "Floyd Top Shale" (Fl.80-4a) plus
35% Alabama shale and 30% fire cl ay (+ 8% grog) used by Griffin Pipe Products Co. 1n maki ng 811 sewer pipe.
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-228-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale and clay (blend).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.80-4d

County Floyd, Ga. (and Ala.)

Sample Number 8" pipe ID1X.

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. Georgia Tech. , fFG.

Date Reported ---1-2---1-0---8-0-. ------- Ceramist J. F. Benzel, Geor ~i a Tech.
Water of Plasticity ~----~---% Working Properties -----------------------------
Color --- --------- Drying Shrinkage 2.94-3.00% Dry Strength (MOR) 226 ps1.

Slow Firing Tests: (1 1/2 x 1 1/2 x approximately 9 1n. extruded bars.)

Temp. OF
(oC)
Cone 03: 2039
(1115)
Cone 02: 2057
(1125)
Cone 1: 2120
(1160)

Color Hardness

Linear

(MOR, psi.) Shrinkage, i.

(total)

2091

4.08 (7.06)

2587

5.39 (8.33)

2263-2790

5.55-5.78
(8.55-8. 77)
'

Absorption Appr. Por.

%

%

7.95

5.83

4.19-4.82

Other data: Loss on I nit ion
6.49
5.85
7.65-7.99

being Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests:

Not determined.

-229-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (blend).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.80-4e

County Floyd (and Hancock). Raw Properties:

Sample Number ----------------
Lab & No. Georgia Tech., #X5.

Date Reported 12-10-80.

Ceramist J. F.Benzel, Georgia Tech.

Water of Plasticity ----------% Working Properties
Color------------ Drying Shrinkage 4.05-4.72% Dry Strength (MOR) 637 ps1.

Remarks Drying Wt. loss = 20.75%.

Slow Firing Tests: (1 x 1 x approximately 9 in. extruded bars.)

Temp. OF
(oC)
Cone 03: 2039
(1115)
Cone 02: 2057
(1125)
Cone 1: 2120
(1160)

Color Hardness

Linear

Absorption

(MOR, psi.) Shrinkage, %

%

(total)

Appr. Par. %

2847 2511-3503

4. 72 (9.44)

4.48

5.29-5.60 4.68-5.74 (9.34-9.65)

Other data: Loss on Ignition
5.89
5.33-7.31

Remarks /Other Tests Test blend of 35% "Flo d Top Shale" (Fl r80-4a), 30% "Flo d Bot tom Shale" (Fl. 80-4b and 35% L nton shale (Hancock Co., Ga. . Probably su itable for making sewer pipe.
Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Not determined.

-230-

locn. no. Fl.80-4(a-e), cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size - - - - - - Retention Time
Chemical & Mineralogical Data: Not determined.

Chemical Analysis

Oxide

Weight %

Si0 2 Ti02

Al203

Fe203 FeO

MnO

MgO

CaO
Na 2o
K20
P2os
s c

(total) (org.)

C02
Hn22oo+-

Ignition

loss

Total

Mineralogy Mineral
Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others
Total

volume %

Analyst

Date

Method ---------------
Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot

Sec.

Dist.

7 l/2' topo quad. Rock Mountain (cntr.). Lat.

Long.

----------- Field No.

, Collected by J. F. Benzel.

Date Aug. 1980.

Sample Method Random grab samples. Weathering/alteration Moderately to very weathered.
Structural Attitude Bedding strikes N.80E., dips 32S.

Stratigraphic Assignment Floyd Shale (Mississippian).
Sample Description & Comments Samples of typical shales from Griffin Pipe Products
Co. pit on S. side of Huffaker Rd., about 4 mi. W. of Rome. The "Floyd Bottom Shale" (b) appears to large ly be a less weathered variety of the "Floyd Top Shale"
( a ).

---------------- Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 11-29-82

-231-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material __s_h_a_le_..:..(..C_o_n_a_s_a_u~g~a..:.)_._ _ _ _ _ _ _ Compilation Map Location No. FL82-la

County

Floyd.

Sample Number Floyd Co.-A

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM, Tuscaloosa, Ala.; No. GA-30-1.

---------------- Date Reported 4-14-82.

Ceramist K. J. Liles, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

20.1 %Working Properties Plastic. pH = 5.2.

Not ef fe rvescent with HCl.

Color Tan.

Drying Shrinkage

5.0% Dry Strength ~G.o.:o....:....d_..:.....________

Slow Firing Tests:

Temp. OF
(oC)

Color Hardness (Munsell)* (Mohs')

1832

Moderate

2

(1000) orange

(5 YR 6/8)

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

5.0

21/2

Appr. Por. %
36.7

Other data: Bulk Dens.
gm/cc 1. 73

1922

Moderate

3

5.0

(1050) orange

(5 YR 6/8)

18.4

22.2

1.81

2012

Brownish

3

5.0

(1100) orange

(2.5 YR 5/8)

14.5

28.1

1. 93

2102

Strong brown 4

7.5

(1150) (2.5 YR 4/6)

11.6

23.4

2.02

2192

Moderate

5

(1200) reddish-brown

(2.5 YR 4/4)

10/0

7.9

17.1

2.16

2282

Moderate

5

10.0

0250) reddish-brown

(2.5 YR 3/4)

5.8

12.9

2.22

Remarks / Other Tests Potential Use: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick at 2102-2282F, 1150-12506C).

Prelimina ry Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

*Note: Munsell color names were taken from convers1on charts 1n Kelly and Judd (1976, p. 19-20).

-232-

CERAMIC TESTS AND ANALYSES

Material Shale (Conasauga).

Compilation Map Location No. Fl.82-lb

--------~------~~---------------

County

Floyd.

Sample Number Floyd Co. -B

Raw Properties:

Lab & No. USBM, Tuscaloosa, Ala. ; GA-30-2.

Dat e Reported --4---1-4---8-2-. --------- Ceramist K. J. Liles, USBM.

Water of Plasticity

21.0 %Working Properties Plastic. pH = 5.0. Not

-----------

e ff ervescent wi th HCl.

Color -T-a-n-. ------------Drying Shrinkage 5.0 % Dry Strength --G-o-o-d-.--------------

Slow Firing Tests:

Color Hardness (Munsell)* (Mohs')

1832

Mod e rate

2

(1000) orange

(5 YR 6/8)

Linear

Absorption

Shrinkage, %

%

5.0

22.7

Appr. Por. %
38.5

Other data: Bulk Dens.
gm/cc 1.69

1922

Moderate

3

5.0

(1050) orange

(5 YR 6/8)

19.8

35.1

1.77

2012

Brownish

3

5.0

(1100) orange

(2.5 YR 5/8)

16.2

30.4

1.87

2102

Strong brown 4

5.0

(1150) (2.5 YR 4/8)

13.5

26.5

1. 97

2192

Moderate

5

7.5

(1200) reddish-brown

(2.5 YR 4/4)

10.0

21.0

2.09

2282

Moderate

5

(1250) reddish-brown

(2.5 YR 3/4)

10.0

7.4

16.2

2.18

Remarks / Other Tests Potential Use: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick at 2102-2282F, 1150-1250C.)

Preliminary Bloating (Quick Firing) Tests: Negative.

*Note: Munsell color names were taken from conversion charts in Kelly and Judd (1976, p. 19-20).

-233-

loco. no. Fl.82-l(a-b), cont.

Crushing Characteristics (unfired material)

Particle Size -20 mesh. Retention Time 1 hour (following 24 hours to temperature).

Chemical & Mineralogical Data:

Chemical Analysis (SRB-Floyd-lA)

Oxide

Weight %

Si02
ATilo2o2 3
Fe 2o3(total) FeO

58.80 0.70
22.80 6.80

MnO

0.10

MgO

1.80

CaO
Na 2o
K20
P2o5
s c
Hco2o2-
H2o+

(total) (org.)

0.10 0.70 2.90 0.05

Ignition

loss

5.18

Total

99.93

Mineralogy: Not determined.

Mineral

volume %

Quartz Feldspar Carbonate Mica Chlorite-
vermiculite Montmorillonite
Others

Total

Analyst J. R. Landrum, Ga. Geol. Survey.

Date Nov. 1980. (Lab. No. 81-24)

Method Atomic Absorption.

Sample Location Data:

County Floyd.

Land Lot. 90, 91, and 126 Sec.

Dist. 3

7 1/2' topo quad. Livingston (E. cntr.) Lat.

Long.

Field No. Lvstn. 81-2 A & B , Collected by B. J. O'Connor Date 9-22-81.

Sample Method Numerous grab samples. Weathering/alteration Somewhat weathered.

Structural Attitude Crumpled - beds strike NE.

Stratigraphic Assignment Conasauga Group (Cambrian).

Sample Description & Comments Sam le of a uniform tan-brown, hard shale strongly

deformed b small scale, ti ht

also contains local hard, silty, concretion-

to 1 inch thick Taken f rom exposure in bed of NW.-trendin farm

road A =uppe r, B .= lower half of outcrop Located on the J. D. Lanier property

about 8 miles SW. of Rome, 1 1/2 miles S. of Coosa River, 1/2 mile S. of Blacks

Bluf f Rd., about 1/4 mile W. of Flat Rock Rd. and just E. of Webb Creek. Chemical

analys i s determined on similar material collected by S. R. Brockinton (9-16-80).

Compiled by B. J. O'Connor

Date 5-22-84

-234-

DATA SOURCES AND REFERENCES CITED
American Soc~ety for Testing and Materials, 1974 Annual Book of ASTM Standards: C4-62 (Reapproved 1970) Standard specification for clay drain tile, Part 16, p. 1-7. C13-69 (Replaced by C700-74) Specifications for standard strength clay sewer pipe, Part 16, p. 409-413. C24-72 Pyrometric cone equivalent (PCE) of refractory materials, Part 17, p. 9-14. C27-70 Classification of fireclay and high-alumina refractory brick, Part 17, p. 15-17. C43-70 Standard definitions of terms relating to structural clay products, Part 16, p. 33-35. C62-69 Standard specification for building brick (solid masonry units made from clay or shale), Part 16, p. 121-125. C216-71 Standard specification for facing brick (solid masonry units made from clay or shale), Part 16, p. 121-125. C410-60 (Reapproved 1972) Standard specification for industrial floor brick, Part 115, p. 217-218. C4i9-72 Standard specification for vitrified clay liner plates, Part 16, p. 283-284. C330-69 Specification for lightweight aggregates for structural concrete, Part 14, p. 229-232. C315-56 (Reapproved 1972) Standard specification for clay flue linings, Part 16, p. 169-171.
American Society for Testing and Materials, 1974 Annual Book of ASTM Standards: Part 16, Chemical-resistant nonmetallic materials; clay and concrete pipe and tile; masonry mortars and units; asbestos-cement products.
Bergenback, R.E., Wilson, R.L., and Rich, M., 1980, Carboniferous Paleodepositional Environments of the Chattanooga Area: in Frey, R.W., ed., Excursions in Southeastern Geology, vol. I, Field Trip No. 13, p. 259-278, American Geological Institute, Falls Church, Va.
Butts, C., and Gildersleeve, B., 1948, Geology and Mineral Resources of the Paleozoic Area in Northwest Georgia: Georgia Department of Mines, Mining and Geology Bulletin 54, 176 p.
Chowns, T. M., editor, 1972, Sedimentary Environments in the Paleozoic Rocks of Northwest Georgia: Georgia Geological Survey Guidebook 11, 102 p.
- - -, editor, 1977, Stratigraphy and Economic Geology of Cambrian and Ordovician Rocks in Bartow and Polk Counties, Georgia: Georgia Geofogical Survey Guidebook 17, 21 p.
-235-

Chowns, T.M., and McKinney, F.M., 1980, Depositional Facies in MiddleUpper Ordovician and Silurian Rocks of Alabama and Georgia: in Frey, R.W., ed., Excursions in Southeastern Geology , vol. 2, Field Trip No. 16, p. 323-348 , Ame rican Geolog ica l Institute, Falls Church, VA.
Clews, F. H., 1969, Heavy Clay Technology: 2nd ed., Academic Press, New York, N.Y., 481 p.
Crawford, T.J., 1983, Pennsylvanian Outliers in Georgia: in Chowns, T.M., ed., "Geology of Paleozoic Rocks in the Vicinity of Rome, Georgia" 18th Annual Field Trip, Georgia Geological Society, p. 30-41.
Cressler, C. W., 1963, Geology and Ground-water Resources of Catoosa County, Georgia: Georgia Department of Mines, Mining and Geology Information Circular 28, 19 p.
- - - -, 1964a, Geology and Ground-water Resources of the Paleozoic Rock Area, Chattooga County, Georgia: Georgia Department of Mines, Mining and Geology Information Circular 27, 14 p.
---.,.-, 1964b, Geology and Ground-water Resources of Walker County, Georgia: Georgia Department of Mines, Mining and Geology Information Circular 29, 15 p.
_____, 1970, Geology and Ground-water Resources of Floyd and Polk Counties, Georgia: Georgia Department of Mines, Mining and Geology Information Circular 39, 95 p.
----, 1974, Geology and Ground-water Resources of Gordon, Whitfield and Murray Counties, Georgia: Georgia Geological Survey Information Circular 47, 56 p.
Cressler, C. W., Franklin, M.A., and Hester, W. G., 1976, Availability of Water Supplies in Northwest Georgia: Georgia Geological Survey Bulletin 91, 140 p.
Cressler, C. W., Blanchard, H. E., Jr., and Hester, W. G., 1979, Geohydrology of Bartow, Cherokee, and Forsyth Counties, Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Information Circular 50, 45 p.
Croft, M. G., 1964, Geology and Ground-water Resources of Dade County, Georgia: Georgia Department of Mines, Mining and Geology Information Circular 26, 17 p.
Georgia Geological Survey, 1976, Geologic Map of Georgia: Georgia Geological Survey, scale 1:500,000.
Gillespie, W.H. and Crawford, T.J., in press, Plant Megafossils from the Carboniferous of Georgia, U.S.A.: in lOth International Congress of Carboniferous Stratigraphy ~d Geology (Madrid), Proceedings.
-236-

Grimshaw, R. W., 1972, The Chemistry and Physics of Clays and Other Ceramic Raw Materials: 4th ed., rev., Wiley-Interscience, New York, N.Y., 1024 p.

Hollenbeck, R.P., and Tyrrell, M.E., 1969, Raw materials for lightweight aggregate in Appalachian Region, Alabama and Georgia: U.S. Bureau of Mines RI-7244, 21 p.

Jones, T. J., and Beard, M. T., 1972, Ceramics: Industrial Pr.ocessing and Testing: Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, 213 p.

Kelly, K. L. and Judd, D. B., Color. Universal Lang~age and Dictionary of Names: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NBS Special Publication 440, 158 p.

Kline, S. W. and O'Connor, B. J., editors, 1981, Mining Directory of Georgia, 18th. ed.: Georgia Geologic Survey Circular 2, 49 p.

Klinefelter, T. A., and Hamlin, H. P., 1957, Syllabus of Clay Testing: U.S. Bureau of Mines Bulletin 565, 67 p.

Liles, K. J., and Heystek, H., 1977, The Bureau of Mines Test Program for Clay and Ceramic Raw Materials: U.S. Bureau of Mines IC-8729, 28 p.

Norton, F. H., 1942, Refractories: 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill Book Co., N.Y., 798 p.

O'Neill, B. J., Jr., and Barnes, J. H., 1979, Properties and Uses of Shales and Clays, Southwestern Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Geological Survey Mineral Resources Report.77, 689 p.

-

---

-P--en, n1s9y8lv1,anPiar:o

perties and Uses of Shales Pennsylvania Geological

and Clays, South-central Survey Mineral Resource

Report 79, 201 p.

Patterson, S. H., and Murray, H. H., 1983, Clays: in Lefond, S. J., and others, eds., Industrial Minerals and RockB; 5th ed., American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers, Inc., New York, p. 585-651.

Smith, J. W., 1968?, Tests for Clay Products in Northwest Georgia; unpublished manuscript, 47 p. (brief summary in: 1967 Annual Report of the Department of Mines, Mining, an~Geology, 1968, p. 17-19).

Smith, R. W., 1931, Shales and Brick Clays of Georgia: Georgia Geological Survey Bulletin 45, 348 p.

Spencer, J.W.W., 1893, The Paleozoic Group; The Geology of Ten Counties of Northwestern Georgia: Georgia Geological Survey, 406 p.

Thomas, W.A., and Cramer, H.R., 1979, The Mississippian and Pennsylvanian (Carboniferous) Systems in the United States Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1110-H, 37 p.

-237-

Veatch, 0., 1909, Second Report on the Clay Deposits of Georgia: Georgia Geological Survey Bulletin 18, 453 p.
Watson, T. L., 1904, A Preliminary Report on the Bauxite Deposits of Georgia: Georgia Survey Bulletin 11, 169 p.
White, W. s., Denson, N.M., Dunlap, J.C. and Overstreet, E.F., 1966,
Bauxite Deposits of Northwest Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1199-M, 42 p.
-238-

CLAY AND SHALE TEST LOCATIONS IN FLOYD COUNTY

EXPLANATION
Numbers correspond to the "Map Location No." in text !Exact sample location Approximate sample location Several samples collected over the enclosed area Boundary dashed where approximate
Inset A
- 11b

, ...

I.... ,\

57-11

77-1

0I - - - - - ..,.

1 f'Jj!,> __j

11 Kifmll"!Or

57-13 31S-8

I '
.~1
!/,1
/
~-I
I I15'
~~
I()'
1/'
/
I '
/
__ _s'

Geo rg ia Geo logic S urv e y Infor ma tion Circular 68 Pl a t e 1
BE\' []5'
'I~
::J
18
I '1--~--34"30
l g
'o:
0 Cl

Fl.57-1 to Fl.57-19

Fl.60-1 a- t

2 0

F1.76 -1

Fl.77-1

FI.S0- 1 to FI.S0- 4 e

Fl.82-1 a and b

' unknown):

I '
f
(

. I

'5'

~

I

See in set 1'..

!;
I

57-5

------
Z5'

Spring

__ _\b_

85 " 20'

COUNTY

. ---COUN-T-,Y__,


I
~-~'
'

--, 0 9V- 2
" ,

I

I

l' ~
0
10::
<(
Ol
3 1S-
,.,...------- --
I '

I
,.. ___ _J

31S- 16 46- 3

- 09V-5
/ ..... \

I

\

-'------,__ --".A.----

I
85'' 10'

0

2

3 \11LES

~--~----L--~

0

2

3

4 KILOMETERS

I ~
,z
18

~

0

1a:-

r<(

i ----- -..,-- _____J

POLK

COUNTY

- - - -..J

Morii~ii'f_l 0fwr t in 1977 Gen era: H ghwav C.c1ap of F! oyd Cil~nty, G:eOf[jiJ Dept Of Trans:Jdrt;;;t!o'