Availability of water supplies in northwest Georgia

AVAILABILITY OF WATER SUPPLIES IN NORTHWEST GEORGIA
by
Charles W. Cressler, Marvin A. Franklin and Willis G. Hester
STATE OF GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
Joe D. Tanner, Commissioner
THE GEOLOGIC AND WATER RESOURCES DIVISION
Sam M. Pickering, State Geologist and Division Director
ATLANTA
1976
PREPARED IN COOPERATION WITH THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
IULLITIN 81

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AVAILABILITY OF WATER SUPPLIES IN NORTHWEST GEORGIA
by
Charles W. Cressler, Marvin A. Franklin and Willis G. Hester
STATE OF GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
Joe D. Tanner, Commissioner
THE GEOLOGIC AND WATER RESOURCES DIVISION
Sam M. Pickering, State Geologist and Division Director
ATLANTA
1976
PREPARED IN COOPERATION WITH THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

FACTORS FOR CONVERTING ENGLISH UNITS TO INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM (SI) UNITS
The following factors may be used to convert the English units published herein to the International System of Units (SI).

Multiply English units Feet (ft) Miles (mi) Square miles (mi2) Gallons (gal) Million gallons (106 gal)
Gallons per minute (gal/min)
Million gallons per day (Mgal/d)

By

To obtain SI units

.3048

metres (m)

1.609

kilometres (km)

2.590

square kilometres (km2)

3.785

litres (l)

3785

cubic metres (m3)

3.785x1o-3 cubic hectometres (hm3)

.06309 .6309 6.309x1o-5

litres per second (1/s) cubic decimetres per second (dm3 /s) cubic metres per second (m3/s)

43.81 .04381

cubic decimetres per second (dm 3 /s) cubic metres per second (m3 /s)

ii

CONTENTS
Abstract . . Introduction
Purpose and scope How to use this report . Climate, physiography, and drainage Previous investigations . Acknowledgments Water supplies Wells Springs Streamflow Occurrence of ground water High-yielding wells . . . . Land subsidence and sinkhole formation . Fluctuations in spring flow . Pollution of wells and springs Chemical quality of water Selected References . Appendix Location, quantity, and chemical quality of well, spring, and surface water in the 10-county area of northwest Georgia: Bartow County Catoosa County Chattooga County Dade County Floyd County Gordon County Murray County Polk County Walker County. Whitfield County .

Page 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 6 6 10 11 12
13
14 24 36 48 57 74 90 100 114 128

lll

ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure

10 Map showing location of report area

20 Photograph of typical intermittent stream valley 0

30 Graph showing annual variation in spring flow in northwest Georgia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

40 Map showing location of Dickson Spring in Walker County 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

50 Graph showing discharge from Dickson Spring and rainfall recorded at LaFayette 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

60 l\lap showing principal water-bearing units, location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Bartow County

7-90 Maps showing principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites:

7 0 Adairsville and vicinity

80 Peeples Valley area

90 Ladds and vicinity

100 Map showing principal water-bearing units, location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Catoosa County

11-140 Maps showing principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites:

110 Fort Oglethorpe and Lakeview area 0

120 Graysville and vicinity 0 0

130 East Boynton and vicinity

140 Ringgold and Shookville area

150 Map showing principal water-bearing units, location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Chattooga County 0

16-200 Maps showing principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites:

160 North Trion and vicinity

17 0 South Trion and Pennville area

180 Menlo and vicinity 0 0 0

190 Summerville and vicinity

200 Lyerly and vicinity 0 0

210 Map showing principal water-bearing units, location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Dade County 0 0 0

22-24 Maps showing principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites:

IV

Page 2 5 7 8 9
15
16 17 18 25
26 27 28 29 37
38 39 40 41 42 49

ILLUSTRATIONS-Continued

Figure

220 New England and vicinity

230 South Trenton 0

240 Rising Fawn and vicinity 0

250 Map showing principal water-bearing units, location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Floyd County

26-340 Maps showing principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites:

260 Crystal Springs and vicinity

270 Armuchee and vicinity 0

280 Shannon and Hermitage area

290 Morrison's Campground and vicinity

300 Northeast Rome and vicinity

31. South Rome and north Lindale area

320 Southeast Lindale and Silver Creek area

330 Reeseburg and vicinity 0

340 Cave Spring and vicinity

350 Map showing principal water-bearing units, location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Gordon County 0

36-430 Maps showing principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites:

360 Sugar Valley and vicinity 0

370 North Calhoun and vicinity 0

380 Redbud and vicinity

390 Lilly Pond and vicinity

400 Blackwood and vicinity

41. Farmville and vicinity

420 Fairmount

430 Plainville and vicinity

440 Map showing principal water-bearing units, location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Murray County 0

45--4 70 Maps showing principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites:

450 Fashion and vicinity

460 Spring Place and vicinity

v

Page 50 51 52
58
59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67
75
76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83
91
92 93

ILLUSTRATIONS-Continued

Figure

4 7. Vicinity of Georgia Highway 225, MurrayGordon County Line . . . . . . . .

48. Map showing principal water-bearing units, location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Polk County . . .

49-55. Maps showing principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites:

49. Northwest Cedartown and vicinity

50. Northeast Cedartown and vicinity

51. Southwest Cedartown and vicinity

52. Southeast Cedartown and vicinity

53. Fish Creek and vicinity

54. North Rockmart and Aragon area

55. South Rockmart and Van Wert area

56. Map showing principal water-bearing units, location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Walker County

57-63. Maps showing principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites:

57. Flintstone and vicinity

58. South Rossville and Fairview area

59. North Chickamauga and vicinity

60. South Chickamauga and vicinity

61. Kensington and vicinity

62. LaFayette and vicinity.

63. Mount Carmel and vicinity

64. Map showing principal water-bearing units, location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Whitfield County .

65-70. Maps showing principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites:

65. Cohutta and vicinity

66. Varnell and vicinity .

67. Tunnel Hill and vicinity

68. Rocky Face and vicinity

69. Dalton and vicinity

70. South Dalton and vicinity

vi

Page 94
101
102 103 104 105 106 107 108
115
116 117 118 119 120 121 122
129
130 131 132 133 134 135

TABLES

Table

1-5. Bartow County 1. Chemical analyses of well water 2. Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs . 3. Chemical analyses of spring water 4. Summary of stream flows 5. Chemical analyses of streams
6-11. Catoosa County 6. Chemical analyses of well water 7. Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs that discharge more than 0.1 million gallons per day 8. Minimum estimated flow of springs that discharge less than 0.1 million gallons per day 9. Chemical analyses of spring water
10. Summary of stream flows 11. Chemical analyses of streams 12-16. Chattooga County 12. Chemical analyses of well water 13. Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs . 14. Chemical analyses of spring water 15. Summary of stream flows 16. Chemical analyses of streams 17-20. Dade County 17. Chemical analyses of well water 18. Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs . 19. Chemical analyses of spring water 20. Summary of stream flows 21-26. Floyd County 21. Chemical analyses of well water 22. Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs that
discharge more than 0.1 million gallons per day . . 23. Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs that
discharge less than 0.1 million gallons per day . 24. Chemical analyses of spring water

vii

Page
19 20 21 22 23
30
31
32 33 34 35
43 44 45 46 47
53 54 55 56
68
69
70 71

TABLES-Continued

Table

25. Summary of stream flows

26. Chemical analyses of streams

27-32. Gordon County

27. Chemical analyses of well water

28. Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs that discharge more than 0.1 million gallons per day

29. Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs that discharge less than 0.1 million gallons per day .

30. Chemical analyses of spring water

31. Summary of stream flows

32. Chemical analyses of streams

33-37. Murray County

33. Chemical analyses of well water

34. Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs .

35. Chemical analyses of spring water

36. Summary of stream flows

37. Chemical analyses of streams

38-42. Polk County

38. Chemical analyses of well water

39. Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs.

40. Chemical analyses of spring water

41. Summary of stream flows

42. Chemical analyses of streams

43-47. Walker County

43. Chemical analyses of well water

44. Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs .

45. Chemical analyses of spring water

46. Summary of stream flows

47. Chemical analyses of streams

48-52. Whitfield County

48. Chemical analyses of well water

49. Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs .

Vlll

Page 72 73
84
85
86 87 88 89
95 96 97 98 99
109 110 111 112 113
123 124 125 126 127
136 137

TABLES-Continued

Page

Table

50. Chemical analyses of spring water

138

51. Summary of stream flows

139

52. Chemical analyses of streams

140

IX

AVAILABILITY OF WATER SUPPLIES IN NORTHWEST GEORGIA

By

Charles W. Cressler, Marvin A. Franklin, anrl Willis G. Hester

ABSTRACT
Northv'est Georgia includes 10 counties that lie mainly in the Valley and Ridge Province and partly in the Cumberland Plateau. The most common rocks there are limestone, dolomite, shale, sand stone, mudstone, and chert. The east edge of the area extends into the Blue Ridge and Piedmont Provinces and is underlain by a variety of metasedimentary and igneous rocks.
The 10-county area has abundant supplies of both ground water and surface water. All the counties have carbonate aquifers that will supply 25 to 500 gallons per minute to wells less than 350 feet deep. Most of them have aquifers that can yield 100 to 1,000 gallons per minute. Wells in Polk County yield as much as 1,500 gallons per minute. The well water is moderately mineralized and can be used for many purposes without treatment.
Springs in each of the 10 counties discharge hundreds of gallons of water per day. Some of the springs discharge more than 5,000 gallons per minute, most of which is unused. The spring water generally is moderately hard to hard and has a low iron concentration. Several industries use the water untreated.
Most of the area's towns and industrial centers lie along streams or rivers that have large enough flows to supply future needs. The Dalton area is a major exception; Dalton now pumps 40 million gallons of surface water per day during the average work week. This pumpage is approaching the combined low flows of the Conasauga River, Coahulla Creek, and Mill Creek, as they flow by Dalton.
INTRODUCTION
The 10 counties that make up northwest Georgia are populous and growing areas (Fig. 1 ). They are all important centers of business, industry, and agriculture. Textiles and carpets are among their leading products. Indeed, Dalton, in Whitfield County, is known as "the carpet capitol of the world."
For several years after 1960, northwest Georgia experienced a rapid influx of industry that created an unprecedented demand for water supplies. Con-

sequently, new supplies had to be developed. The development and management of ground-water supplies were hampered, however, by a lack of knowledge about the area's ground water resources. To obtain the needed information, the U. S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Earth and Water Division of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources (formerly the Department of Mines, Mining and Geology), made studies of the geology and hydrology of the area. The results of these studies were published in seven reports.
Because these seven reports relied heavily on geology as a base for understanding the occurrence of ground water, many people found them difficult to use in locating and developing water supplies. Indeed, experience has now shown that most persons responsible for developing municipal or industrial ground-water supplies in the area of northwest Georgia have limited understanding of technical geologic reports. Therefore, in the present report the use of geologic terms has been kept to a minimum. If detailed geologic data are required, the reader is referred to geohydrologic reports listed in references and in the section dealing with previous investigations.
PURPOSE AND SCOPE
The purpose of this report is to indicate the quantity and chemical quality of the water that is available from wells, springs, and streams in northwest Georgia.
To do this, the report gives: (1) the general availability of well water in each county by delineating the aquifers according to their potential yield, (2) the location and rate of flow of the springs in each county and the chemical quality of the water from representative springs, (3) the average and the 7-day, 10-year minimum flows for 98 stream sites across the area, and (4) detailed maps of the important aquifers for each population center and area of industrial growth, showing drilling sites where geologic, topographic, and hydrologic conditions indicate high-yielding wells that probably can be developed.
HOW TO USE THIS REPORT
The report is divided into two main parts. The first part contains general hydrologic information

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Figure 1.-Location of report area. 2

that applies to all of northwest Georgia. It includes such topics as: (1) occurrence of ground water, (2) chemical quality of water, (3) fluctuations of spring flow, (4) pollution of wells and springs, (5) land subsidence and sinkhole formation, and (6) high-yielding wells.
The second part of the report deals individually with the 10 counties that make up northwest Georgia, arranged alphabetically. Tables and maps in this part give the quantity and chemical quality of water that is available from wells, springs, and surface streams in each county. Persons desiring detailed information about a particular county will find it in the second part of the report.
CLIMATE, PHYSIOGRAPHY, AND DRAINAGE
The report area has a mild climate, with a frostfree season of about 190 days. The average annual precipitation is about 54 inches, including a small amount of snow. Rainfall is heaviest in winter and mid-summer and lightest in autumn.
Most of the report area lies within the Valley and Ridge Province. The terrain consists of northeast-trending parallel valleys separated by ridges. The valleys are between 600 and 900 feet above sea level. The highest ridges rise to an altitude of about 1,600 feet.
Dade County and parts of Walker and Chattooga Counties lie in the Cumberland Plateau Province. This is a large tableland of nearly flat-lying rocks, having an altitude of more than 2,000 feet. Occasionally, where a stream has eroded through the rocks, a deep flat valley stretches for miles in a northeast-southwest direction. The valley floors are about 1,200 feet below the top of the plateau.
Eastern Murray County extends across the Great Smoky Fault into the Blue Ridge Province. The area is dominated by rugged mountain peaks that rise about 3,000 feet above sea level and stand 2,000 feet above the adjacent Valley and Ridge Province.
Eastern Gordon County and eastern and southern Bartow County lie in the Piedmont Physiographic Province. This area is an irregular and deeply dissected upland characterized by rounded interstream areas that range from 1,000 to 1,500 feet above sea level.
The report area is drained by two river systems. The northwestern part is drained by the Tennessee River and its tributaries. The rest of the area is drained by the Coosa River system, which includes the Etowah, Oostanaula, Coosawattee, and Conasauga Rivers. During dry weather, the base flow of

the area's streams is maintained by ground-water discharge and by springs. Many of the streams are actively down-cutting and have erosional flood plains where bedrock is covered by only a few feet of alluvium.
PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS
A variety of reports dealing with the hydrology and geology of northwest Georgia have been published since 1890. The most recent reports about the counties are: Bartow (Croft, 1963), Catoosa (Cressler, 1963), Chattooga (Cressler, 1964a), Dade (Croft, 1964), Floyd and Polk (Cressler, 1970), Gordon, Whitfield, and Murray (Cressler, 1974), and Walker (Cressler, 1964b). These reports are listed in the references along with publications of the U. S. Geological Survey, which contain basic data about streamflow characteristics and waterquality parameters.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The writers are indebted to many people who helped gather information for this report, especially Mr. Harry E. Blanchard.
Particular recognition is due John Fernstrom, Environmental Protection Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, who provided equipment and instructions needed for the bacteriological sampling of spring water and the subsequent analyses.
Mr. Herb Barnum provided flow data on Dickson Spring in Walker County and information on several wells.
The project was conducted in cooperation with the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Earth and Water Division.
WATER SUPPLIES
Water supplies in northwest Georgia can be divided into two main categories: (1) ground water derived from wells and springs, and (2) surface water obtained from streams and surface reservoirs. Ground-water and surface-water supplies are widely used in northwest Georgia and have a large potential for additional development.
WELLS
Ground water is used by most of the rural residents and by many municipalities throughout northwest Georgia. Rural residents in every county depend on well water for domestic and farm supplies. Good quality well water can be obtained

3

nearly everywhere and the availability of these supplies has fostered the agricultural development of the area.
Well supplies are used by industries in all 10 northwest Georgia counties. The wells yield from 100 to 3,500 gal/min (gallons per minute). l\1any industries use wells because they offer the most economical source of water, provide water of constant temperature and chemical quality, and offer freedom from the location limitations of springs and streams.
SPRINGS
Springs provide the largest single source of ground water in northwest Georgia. Many springs discharge between 200 and 5,000 gal/min and are used by a number of large industries and by several municipal and county water systems. Springs supply part or all of the water distrilmted by the cities of Cedartown, LaFayette, Chickamauga, Adairsville, Cave Springs, Chatsworth, Kensington, and Summerville.
Spring water offers the advantages of being readily available, inexpensive to develop, and fairly constant in temperature and chemical quality. Most of the springs being used for water supply have a dependable flow and rarely become turbid enough to require filtration. The large unused springs in the area represent a valuable undeveloped resource.
STREAMFLOW
The U. S. Geological Survey has systematically collected streamflow data in the 10-county area, including low-flow measurements on many of the streams. These data have been analyzed to determine the 7-day, 10-year minimum flow, which is defined as the annual minimum average flow for 7 consecutive days with a recurrence interval of 10 years.
For streamflow stations in the Tennessee Valley, low-flow data were furnished by the Tennessee Valley Authority. For each surface-water site the following information is given in the appendix: (1) the drainage area tributary to the site, (2) the long-term average flow, in million gallons per day (Mgal/d), and (3) the 7-day, 10-year minimum flow, in Mgal/d.
OCCURRENCE OF GROUND WATER
Ground water in northwest Georgia occupies joints, fractures, and solution openings in bedrock and pore spaces in the overlying soil. Water enters

these underground openings by seeping through the soil or by flowing directly into cracks in exposed bedrock. The source of this water is precipitation that falls in the general area and not in some distant place.
The quantity of water that any rock unit can store and release to wells and springs is limited by the capacity of its fracture systems and by the extent to which the fractures are interconnected. The capacity and interconnection of fractures vary greatly according to the type of rock. Fractures in soft rock, such as shale, tend to be tight and have small capacity. For this reason, shale generally yields less than 10 gal/min to wells. On the other hand, joints in brittle rocks, such as sandstone, remain open. As a result, sandstone may yield 20, 50, or rarely 200 gal/min to wells. Still larger and more extensive fracture systems are found in carbonate rocks, which include limestone and dolomite. Because carbonate rocks are soluble, their fracture systems have commonly been greatly enlarged by solution, and are therefore capable of transmitting large quantities of water. Wells in carbonate rocks yield as much as 3,500 gal/min; some springs discharge more than 5,000 gal/min. Carbonates are the most productive aquifers in northwest Georgia.
The capacity and the amount of interconnection of rock fractures also varies with the depth below land surface: fractures generally become fewer, smaller, and more poorly connected as the depth increases. Although a few sizeable openings are known to extend deeper, most of the water-bearing fractures in carbonate rocks occur at depths less than 350 feet. In other kinds of rock, they generally occur at depths less than 250 feet. Therefore, when drilling for water it seldom is worthwhile to go deeper than 350 feet in limestone and dolomite, or more than 250 feet in other kinds of rock. If a well has not produced the desired yield by the time it is drilled to these depths, it generally is best to try a new location.
In moving to a new location, one should keep in mind that the availability of water in any type of rock also depends, to a large extent, on the local topography. Wells in broad, low areas and on gentle slopes normally yield more water than ones on hilltops, steep slopes, or in "V"-shaped valleys. The reason for this is that low and gently sloping areas are covered by thick permeable soil, which is capable of storing a much larger volume of water than can be held in the rock openings alone. Water in the soil is available to drain into the underlying fractures and sustain large yields to wells.
HIGH-YIELDING WELLS High-yielding wells, ones that supply 100 to 3,500 gal/min, can be developed only where

4

Figure 2.-- Typical intermittent stream valley. 5

ground water occurs in unusual concentrations. This happens locally where aquifers develop greater than average storage capacity.
Zones of large storage capacity are produced in sandstone, quartzite, and other brittle rocks by faulting, by the development of zones of closely spaced fractures, and by deep weathering. These fa,vorable zones may be indicated by natural surface features such as straight stream segments, straight valley segments, abrupt changes in valley alignment, and gulley development. Yields of 100 to 200 gal/min may be obtained by drilling into favorable zones in brittle rock.
The largest concentrations of ground water are found in carbonate rocks (limestone and dolomite). Reservoir zones in these rocks carry large volumes of water and can yield 300 to 3,500 gal/ min to wells. Such large concentrations of ground water are possible because carbonate rocks have numerous, well-interconnected joints, many of which are open and admit water. Because carbonates are soluble, water moving through these joints enlarges them by solution to produce larger and larger openings that ultimately expand into a master conduit or cavern. It is these master conduits that yield large volumes of water to wells.
Studies have shown that zones of closely spaced fractures tend to localize the development of valleys. This localization is especially pronounced in carbonate rocks, but it also occurs in other types of rock. The greatest amount of rock weathering takes place along these zones of high capacity, because they carry the greatest quantities of moving ground water. This weathering, coupled with the erosive action of surface water, localizes the valley over the fractured zone. High-yielding wells can best be obtained by drilling into the floors of valleys developed over a fractured zone (Parizek, 1971, pp. 28-56).
In northwest Georgia, valley localization by solution along fractured zones is the most common in limestone and dolomite rocks that are covered by a thick, cherty residual soil. The valleys are typically well rounded, and the streamflow is intermittent (Fig. 2). Most of the rainfall in these valleys and their drainage basins is quickly absorbed by the residual soil, enters a ground-water conduit, and travels beneath the stream bed. Many such sites are shown on the maps in the second part of this report.
LAND SUBSIDENCE AND SINKHOLE FORMATION
The major underground reservoirs or aquifers in northwest Georgia are found in limestone and do-

lomite, blanketed by a thick layer of residual soil. The top of the carbonate aquifer is highly irregular, particularly where the relief favors deep weathering. Solution by ground water produces cavities in the bedrock and some of these have thin roofs. Many of these cavities are below the water table and their roofs are partially supported by the ground water. Any decline in the water table that removes this support can result in an immediate collapse. A lowering of the water table also can cause a general downward migration of soil through openings in the underlying carbonate rocks, leaving a dome-shaped cavity between the bedrock and the land surface. Enlargement of this cavity by the continued loss of soil will result in the eventual collapse of the surface and the formation of a sinkhole.
The possibility of creating conditions that will lead to ground collapse must be considered in the development of ground-water supplies. Land subsidence may result where large quantities of sediment or rock fragments are removed from wateryielding formations during drilling, well development, and production pumping. This is most likely to occur where: (1) the water table stands within the residual soil, or near the top of highly weathered bedrock, (2) well casing does not extend deep enough into the top of the bedrock, (3) large volumes of water are reached at shallow depths, and the surging action produced by the drilling is violent, and (4) pumping rates during construction and testing are measured in hundreds of gallons per minute. Collapse resulting from drilling is more common where the water table stands in residual soils (Parizek, 1971, (p. 141-142).
FLUCTUATIONS IN SPRING FLOW
Springs in northwest Georgia do not flow at a constant rate, but fluctuate throughout the year in response to seasonal variations in precipitation. Most springs reach a period of maximum discharge sometime during the winter or early spring and decline steadily to a period of minimum flow that generally occurs in autumn. Depending on the individual spring, the minimum annual flow may be 20 to 90 percent less than the maximum flow. Because a spring's discharge may decrease drastically during the low-flow period, a potential user needs to know its minimum annual flow in order to determine if it will meet his needs.
Discharge measurements (or estimates) for most springs in the 10-county area are given in the second part of this report. ::"Jearly all of these measurements were made in late summer or autumn, so the smallest amount listed for a spring generally will be an approximation of its minimum annual flow. However, where the smallest flow listed is

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A. Trion Spring, Chattooga County B. Yates Spring, Catoosa County C. Dickson Spring, Walker County D. Perennial Spring, Chattooga
County E. Moses Spring, Chattooga
County F. Cave Spring, Floyd County G. Buzzard Roost Spring, Walker
County H. Cohutta Fish Hatchery, Whitfield
County I. Deep Spring, Whitfield County

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9

nearly the same size as that required by a user, additional measurements should be made to insure that the supply will remain adequate all year. Measurements conducted bi-weekly, from the first of August through December, will either indicate the low flow for that year or show that it occurred earlier and would have to be determined the following year. Some variation in low flow can be expected from year to year, but the amount of variation generally will be small unless rainfall is much heavier or lighter than normal.
Routine measurements conducted over a period of years indicate that the annual low-flow period of some springs comes much earlier than for others. Figure 3 shows a plot of discharge measurements for nine of the area's major springs. All but two of the springs are at low flow during late October or early November. Springs "C" and "G", on the other hand, experience low flow much earlier. Indeed, spring "C" has a low-flow period that begins in June and continues into September. Consequently, before any spring is developed as a water supply where the minimum flow will be critical, it may be advisable to measure its discharge biweekly from the first of May through December. This should accurately determine the low-flow period of any spring and indicate its true minimum annual flow. Then, by allowing for further reduction in flow that may result from periods of prolonged drought, a user can assure himself that the supply will be dependable.
The time of the year that a spring experiences low flow, and the duration of its low-flow period, is largely determined by the character and thickness of the soil layer that overlies the spring's source. In general, the thicker the soil over an aquifer, the longer it takes for changes in precipitation to be reflected by changes in spring discharge. The lag time between an increase or decrease in precipitation and the corresponding change in spring flow may be as long as several months or as short as a few hours.
Springs that are affected very slowly by changes in precipitation have relatively smooth flow cycles, fluctuate comparatively little throughout the year, and experience low flow in October or November. Most of the springs in Figure 3 fit this category. Ones that are affected rapidly by changes in precipitation have flow cycles that correspond more closely to the precipitation cycle: discharge is heavy during times of abundant rainfall and declines markedly when rainfall is light. Spring "C", Dickson Spring in Figure 3, is a good example of a spring whose flow cycle corresponds closely to the precipitation cycle, probably the result of its being in an unusual geologic setting.

Dickson Spring is located in a limestone aquifer at the base of Pigeon Mountain in Walker County (Fig. 4). Limestone that supplies the spring is overlain by a thin permeable soil and by an alluvial fan. Recharge to the aquifer comes largely from surface water that flows from Pigeon Mountain, down McWhorter and Dickson Gulfs, and empties onto the alluvial fan. Stream water enters the fan, seeps into the underlying limestone, and follows solution openings southward along the strike to the spring. Thus, discharge from Dickson Spring is closely related to the quantity of surface water that flows off Pigeon Mountain, hence to the precipitation cycle.
Figure 5 compares discharge from Dickson Spring for 1971 and part of 1972 with a bar graph of precipitation for the same period at LaFayette, about 6 miles to the northeast. The highest discharge occurs during the winter, when rainfall is abundant and the loss of water by evaporation and transpiration is low. With the decrease of rainfall during April and the increase in evaporation and transpiration, the spring flow diminishes and declines to a low-flow period that begins in June. The flow remains low until October, when plant die-off reduces transpiration and streamflow resumes. Thus, the annual flow cycle of Dickson Spring seems to correspond closely to both the precipitation and the plant cycles.
Cohutta Fish Hatchery Spring, in Whitfield County, is an example of a spring that reacts slowly to deficient rainfall. (See Figure 3.) In the sum mer of 1969, discharge of the hatchery spring dropped nearly 50 percent below normal for that time of year. Officials at the hatchery thought the spring had become plugged and proposed cleaning it out. Rainfall records showed, however, that rainfall for the previous year was about 8 inches below normal in the vicinity of the spring. A reduction in spring flow did not become noticeable until the following summer because of the lag time produced by the thick residual soil that overlies the spring's source. With the resumption of normal rainfall, the spring returned to its regular flow sometime during the following year.
POLLUTION OF WELLS AND SPRINGS
The ground-water reservoir throughout most of the report area is protected from pollution by a soil cover that filters out bacteria and other contaminants. Ground-water pollution rarely is reported where the soil remains undisturbed. Unless pollutants gain access to the ground through a natural breach, such as a sinkhole or joints in the exposed bedrock, pollution is nearly always associated with activities of man that disturb the protective soil cover.

10

In areas where the soil layer is very thin, septic tanks may be a common source of ground-water pollution, because construction necessitates placing the field lines on or very near bedrock. Under these conditions, bacteria can pass unfiltered into bedrock channels where they may travel hundreds of feet to a well or spring. In carbonate rocks, they can be swept along by fast-moving water and appear several thousand feet away.
Roe's Spring, in Gordon County, is an example of pollution that may have been carried a long distance. The only potential source of pollution that could be identified during a field investigation was a septic tank more than a quarter of a mile away. Although the spring water has a reputation for being good to drink, tests conducted by the Laboratory Services Section, Environmental Protection Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, showed it to be excessively polluted. The bacteria content of the water was so high that health department regulations would not permit its use as a public supply without the same treatment required for surface water (Cressler, 1974).
Tests made by the Laboratory Services Section show that spring pollution is widespread in northwest Georgia. All pool springs should be considered polluted, because they are favorite drinking areas for livestock. Chandler Spring in Walker County and Deep Spring in Whitfield County are examples of polluted pool springs. In general, springs that issue from rock fractures, seep through gravel, or flow from caves are the least likely to contain dangerous bacteria. Since springs are subject to being polluted, they should be tested before use and periodically retested. (See the County Health Department for information.) Spring water that for years has been safe to drink may unexpectedly become polluted when cattle, septic tanks, or other sources of contamination are located upgradient from them.
Although it is not generally recognized, well pollution is more common than spring pollution. A large number of wells are polluted because they are located too close to septic tanks, barnyards, hog lots, and chicken houses. Faulty well construction and deterioration of plumbing are other causes of well pollution. A study of domestic water supplies in Bartow County showed that of 194 private water supplies sampled, 50.5 percent were polluted (Davis and Stephenson, 1970). In other counties, a similar high percentage of wells probably is polluted.
Pollution is widespread, partly because it is general practice to locate wells for convenience and

economy rather than for safety of the water supply. Wells are commonly placed as close as possible to houses or barns without regard to the proximity of septic tanks or other potential sources of pollutants. Many wells located in this manner eventually become polluted.
The safest drilling sites generally are ones located as far as practicable uphill from sources of contamination. In most of the area, because the rocks trend in a north-south direction, it is also best to place a well east or west of such sources. Sealing wells against the entry of surface water and fitting pump caps tightly to keep out insects, rodents, and other impurities are efficient safety measures.
A fairly standard practice in the area is to sterilize a well as soon as it is completed and test it for bacterial contamination. Nearly all new wells are found to be safe. The danger of pollution, however, is greater after the well has been used for a while, because lowering of the water table by pumping may eventually draw septic-tank effluent or other contaminants to the well. Furthermore, lowering of the water table in limestone terrane may cause sinkholes to form, thereby allowing surface water to reach the ground-water reservoir. Some sinks begin as holes so small they go unnoticed. A sink of this kind developing in a barnyard can quickly contaminate a water supply. Periodic testing is the best means of assuring that well water remains safe.
CHEMICAL QUALITY OF WATER
Ground water in northwest Georgia is generally of good chemical quality. It is only moderately mineralized and can be used for most purposes without treatment. A few domestic and farm wells yield mineralized water that needs treatment to improve its taste, but most water is safe to drink untreated. The mineral content of well water rarely exceeds the drinking water standards set by the Public Health Service (1962).
The reader is referred to the second part of this report for further data on water quality.
Chemical analyses of spring water and well water are given for the most important aquifers in each county. Chemical analyses of water from some of the streams in the study area are also included. It must be stressed that these analyses represent the quality of the stream only at the time and place the sample was taken. It is suggested that the reader refer to the U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper Series and the Water Resources Data for Georgia, 1968 through 1973, for more analyses.

11

SELECTED REFERENCES
Butts, Charles, 1948, Geology of the Paleozoic area in northwest Georgia, in Geology and mineral resources of the Paleozoic area in northwest Georgia: Georgia Geol. Survey Bull. 54, p. 3-79.
Carter, R. F., and Gannon, W. B., 1962, Surfacewater resources of the Yellow River basin in Gwinnett County, Georgia: U. S. Geol. Survey Inf. Circ. 22, 34 p.
Cressler, C. W., 1963, Geology and ground-water resources of Catoosa County, Georgia: Georgia Geol. Survey Inf. Circ. 28, 19 p.
_ 1964a, Geology and ground-water resources of the Paleozoic rock area, Chattooga County, Georgia: Georgia Geol. Survey Inf. Circ. 27, 14 p.
_1964b, Geology and ground-water resources of Walker County, Georgia: Georgia Geol. Survey Inf. Circ. 29, 15 p.
_1970, Geology and ground-water resources of Floyd and Polk Counties, Georgia: Georgia Geol. Survey lnf. Circ. 39, 95 p.
_ 1974, Geology and ground-water resources of Gordon, Whitfield, and Murray Counties, Georgia: Georgia Geol. Survey Inf. Circ. 47, 56 p.

Croft, M. G., 1963, Geology and ground-water resources of Bartow County, Georgia: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 1619-FF, 32 p.
__ 1964, Geology and ground-water resources of Dade County, Georgia: Georgia Geol. Survey Inf. Circ. 26, 17 p.
Davis, Barry, and Stephenson, R. A., 1970, Contamination of the rural domestic water supply in Bartow County, Georgia (abs.): Georgia Acad. Sci. Bull., v. 28, no. 2, p. 20.
Parizek, R. R., 1971, Hydrogeologic framework of folded and faulted carbonates, in Geol. Soc. America Guidebook, p. 9-56
__ 1971, Land use problems in carbonate terranes, in Geol. Soc. America Guidebook, p. 135-142.
Rohne, P. B., Jr., 1972, Low-flow characteristics of Indiana streams: U. S. Geol. Survey open-file report, 322 p.
Thomson, M. T., and Carter, R. F., 1963, Effect of a severe drought (1954) on streamflow in Georgia: Georgia Geol. Survey Bull. 73, 97 p.
U. S. Public Health Service, 1962, Drinking-water standards: U. S. Public Health Service Pub. 956, 61 p.

12

APPENDIX
LOCATION, QUANTITY, AND CHEMICAL QUALITY OF WELL, SPRING, AND
SURFACE WATER IN THE 10-COUNTY AREA OF NORTHWEST GEORGIA
The 10-county area has abundant supplies of ground water and surface water. All the counties have carbonate aquifers that will supply 25 to 500 gal/min to wells generally less than 350 feet deep, but occasionally as much as 500 feet deep. Drilling deeper than 350 feet in limestone or dolomite, or more than 250 feet in other kinds of rock, is seldom successful. Most of the counties have aquifers that can yield 100 to 1,000 gal/min. The well water is only moderately mineralized and can be used for most purposes without treatment.
Springs in each of the 10 counties discharge hundreds of gallons of water per day. A few of the springs flow more than 5,000 gal/min. Most of the springs are unused. The natural quality of the spring water is moderately hard to hard and has a low iron concentration.
Most of the area's towns and industrial centers lie along streams or rivers that carry large quanti- ties of water. Streamflows are generally sufficient to supply the needs of the immediate future.

This part of the report contains information about the quantity and chemical quality of available water and gives the locations of wells, springs, and streams in northwest Georgia. The principal water-bearing rock units in the 10-county area are designated on the maps that follow by the letters A through H. Criteria used for this designation are the range of yields normally obtained from wells and the yields that can be expected from favorable well sites.
The locations of springs and stream-gaging stations are shown on individual county maps. The springs are numbered sequentially in each county, and the same numbers are used on the spring tables. The springs also are coded on the county maps to indicate what percentage of their water is being used.
The stream-gaging stations are numbered sequentially and are identified as either low-flow partial-record or continuous-record stations. These same numbers are used in the stream tables, which give the drainage area, the average flow, and the 7day, 10-year minimum flow for each site.
Water-quality data for wells, springs, and streams in each county are presented in tabular form. This information is intended to show the general water quality available from the principal water-bearing units and the springs. The analyses of stream samples reflect the general water quality at the time of sampling.

13

EXPLANATION

BARTOW COUNTY MAPS

PRINCIPAL WATER-BEARING UNITS

w....

Yields generally range from 5 to 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 1,000 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is dolomite and limestone. Water quality generally meets

drinking-water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses.

Yields generally range from 0 to 20 gal/min. Yields as large as 50 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifers include shale, limestone, sandstone, slate, and dolomite. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards, although some constituents may approach upper limits. Iron content is excessive in some areas.

Yields generally are less than 20 gal/min; a few exceed 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 300 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is limestone or dolomite units interlayered with shale units. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards, although some contains excessive iron.

Yields generally range from 50 to 200 gal/min. Yields as large as 3,500 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is dolomite, probably containing thin units of shale. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses. Some water contains sediment and does not clear after prolonged pumping.

Yields generally range from 2 to 30 gal/min. Yields of 50 to 200 gal/min may be obtained from favorable sites in brittle rock. Aquifers include quartzite, phyllite, slate, granite, and other metamorphic and igneous rocks. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards except for water from phyllite and slate, which commonly contains excessive iron and manganese.

FAVORABLE WELL SITES-number indicates expected yield in gal/min

1

As much as 50

3

As much as 1,000

-o 1
10 ""C>
19 "1

SPRINGS-number refers to tables 2 and 3 Unused At least half of flow unused Entire flow in use

GAGING STATIONS-number refers to tables 4 and 5 Low-flow partial record Continuous record

14

s.. Bose from U.S. Geological vey 5

0

Rome, 1956

5

0

5

5

10

10 MILES

Hydrology by C.W. Cressler, 1973

15 KILOMETRES

Figure 6.-Principal water-bearing units and location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Bartow County. For Explanation see page 14.

15

Hydrology by C.W. Cressler, 1973

0
HHHHHI

2 MILES

0 HHHRRI
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

2 KILOMETRES
I

Figure 7.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Adairsville and vicinity, Bartow County. For Explanation see page 14.

16

D

Bose from U.S.Geologicol Survey

Hydrology by C.W.Cressler, 1973

Cartersville, 1972

O

EES3==~~ES3==3C==EE-3==~~E-3===c==~E?3==~==1C===============================~:MILE

EE33:::EE33:::EE33::::IE3::::3::::IE3::::::I::::iO=========:=JI Kl LOMETRE
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 8.- Principal water-bearing unit and location of favorable well sites, Peeples Valley area, Bartow County. For Explanation see page 14.

17

Bose from U.S.Geologicol Survey

Hydrology by C.W.Cressler,l973

Cartersville, 1972

.IE:::::::::r==:E:::::::r=:::::E===:ic:=::::E::::::C=:::E=::r:::::::5.0=======================~1 MILE

E~~:EE3:::r::::::::EE3:::3:::::JE3==r:::::JE3::::3:::J?:::::============::::J: KILOMETRE

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 9.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Ladds and vicinity, Bartow County. For Explanation see page 14.

18

Owner

Date

Water-

of

bearing

collection unit3

u.s. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962)
DRINKING-WATER STA.'lDARDS

Bartow Consolidated

School (Taylorsville)

3-21-47

A

Joe Brandon

3-21-47

Buford Kay

12-31-59

J. E. King

1- 4-60

City of Kingston

9-22-52

Dolph Nelson

1- 4-60

J. H. Pickelsim~r

3-27-48

c. c. Strain

1- 5-60

C:i ty of Taylorsville

1- 4-60

Rubberoid Co.
:1. c. \.Jat ts

3-19-47

c

12-31-59

Good:-' ear Clearwater

::ill

9-22-52

D

Do.

9-22-52

Visking Co. Do.

12-22-59

F

--

Thompson \.~einman Co.

12-30-59

City of Emerson Hoyt Green L. ;-.J. Jenkins
Do. r ,\. Jenkins Frank ~cEver Red Top Nountain State Park Otto Tmvnsend Effie l\1h i te

9-22-52

G

12-30-59

3- 2-50

5- -54

12-30-59

12-30-59

9-30-58 12-31-59 12-30-59

Table I.--Chemical analyses 1 of well water, Bartow County.

Milligrams per litre

.(",) '0~N
rl ., ., t/)

0"~<lJ
).<~
H~

E
-~
u~
"' rl
"'u
u~

s -~
~
'c""o~ oo
:":':.>:~:

s
~
.,~
"''o0 z
t/)~

0 3

125

.s~,
"'""''
..,~
0:.:
o..~

.<.l,J
"0"
.0 ~
).< ~
(") '0u
.-<"' "'~

.<.l,J
.."... '~.;-
rlO ~ t/)
til~

250

<lJ '0
).< a~
.rcl url
u~
250

.,<lJ
'0
).<
0
~~ rl~ ~~
1 0

Hardness 2 as Caco 3

Dissolved

.<.l,J

solids

.<.l,J
ro~
1.-<::z0'

<lJ
".'0, ~ (l)

s
~

"' z~

til

. ""' s 0

s .,~

A

).<

"' "' .,~ (l)

()

()

I

rl 00

"' ""' " u E z0

45 500

<lJ ..,
"'() ".".,' s()
()
").<
'0 <lJ
0(" )"P'o 0 <.!.C M 8
..,......., ,0... ........ () () u
Q) ,-1 0
P.SU"\ til~ N

).<
0 rl
"P'o u0
15

-

-

---

- 172 3.0 2

0.2 3

-

-

-

-

-

---

- 233 7.0 4

. 2 7. 2 -

-

-

8. 3 0.04 41 20

2.6

0.6 212 8.0 5.0 . 2 2.4 201

184

7.6

13

.04 54

4.3 1.9

2. 6 174 5.6 3.0 .1 6.8 180

152

7.R

6.0 -

50 Tr.

1

- 117 1.0 Tr.

. 01 - 252

125

7.0

12

.07 34 19

3.5

1.9 204

2.0

4.5

.1

2.0 188

163

7.4

10

. 05 33 26

2.0

153 2.0 1.5 -

- 203

180

8.4

7.9 .01 41 12

1.4

.4 172

3.2

2.0

. 2 6.2 166

152

7.5

7.2 1.6 96

5.5 9.4

2.4 301 14

16

. 2 3.3 337

262

7.0

-

-

-- -

- 118 9.0 4

. 2 1.6 -

-

-

8.6 .04 10

4.1

. 5

. 3 52 4.4 2.0 . 2

. 2 63

42

6.9

6.0 -

43

25

. 2

.1 178 10

4

-

1 163

210

7.4

7.0 -

44

29

Tr.

Tr. 210 8.0 3

-

. 5 182

229

7.8

8.9 .07 26 12

6.6

. 7 128 2.4 11

-

8.9 146

114

8.0

10.4 .07 22.3 16

-

--

- 14.5 .1

- 151

121.5

8.3

8.8 .05 27 16

2.9

. 7 148 3. 2 4.0 . 1 7.4 153

134

7.7

6

.25 30

2.0 Tr.

Tr. 127

-

3

-

- 225

83

7.7

30

.04 30

7.5 9.2

1.6 144 7.6 5.0 . 2

.8 167

106

7.1

20

.45 15

6.0 Tr.

Tr. 60 14

3

-

-

83

62

7.1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.0

-

-

- 104

-

-

48

.OS 3.2 . 7 8.1

4.0 39

. 4 1.0 . 2

-

94

11

6.2

39

.09 6.4 1.0 7.8

2.0 38

.4 1.0 .1 13 103

20

6.6

26

-

6.8 1.2 3.3

2.4 36

.4 1.0 .1

. 7 65

22

6.4

22

.10 53

6.3 5.5

3.6 188 11

2.5 .1 1.8 205

158

7.6

42

.04 13

8.1 6.1

. 3 78 9.2 5.5 . 2 4.9 136

66

7.1

Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. 2 h1ater having a CaC0 3 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, "soft";
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard 11 ; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and
more than 181 mg/1, "very hard". ~~~ater was sampled from wells tapping water-bearing units shown in figure 6.

Data from Cressler (1973)

Table 2.--Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs, Bartow County.

Spring no.

Spring name or
owner

1 Davis Estate

2 c. c. Cox

3 Wallace Moore

4 Blue Spring

5 Boiling Spring

6 Gillam Spring

7 Roger Gordon

8 Connesena Spring

9 Kerr Spring
10 City of Adairsville
11 Mosteller Spring

12 Hayes Spring

13 Orma Adcock

14 Harvey Lewis

15 Pratt Spring

16 Crowe Spring Church
17 Crowe Spring
18 H. H. Lipscomb
19 Cartersville Spring
20 Mrs. w. B. Moss
21 Mrs. w. B. Moss
22 w. M. Vaughan
23 Wiley Vaughan
24 Copper Hill Mining Co.
25 Funkhouser Spring

Location
1.5 miles NW. of Taylorsville, 1.1 miles N. of Polk County line.

Date

Flow

Water-

measured

bearing

or estimated Mgal/d Gal/min unit

9-26-50

1. 73 1,200

A

Remarks

2.8 miles N. of Taylorsville, E. side of road.

9-26-50

1.4

960

A

2. 7 miles NE. of Taylorsville, 2.1 miles N. of Polk County line.

9-26-50

.25

170

A

3.65 miles NNE. of Taylorsville, 3.42 miles N. of Polk County line.

9-26-50

4.6

3,200

A

2.6 miles NNE. of Euharlee, N. bank

9-27-50

.72

500

A

of Euharlee River.

3.0 miles N. of Euharlee, N. bank of Etowah River.

9-27-50

1. 08

750

A

1. 97 miles NNE. of Kingston, N. side 9-27-50

2.9

2,000

A

of Ga. Highway 20.

1. 45 miles SW. of Halls, 0.2 mile N. of road.

9-27-50

1. 44 1,000

A

0.6 mile w. of Halls, N. of road.

12- -59

.29e

200

A

0.9 mile NW. of center of Ad airsville at city waterworks.

9-27-50

5.9

4,100

A

Public SU?ply.

5.05 miles ENE. of Adairsville, 0.2 mile S. of Ga. Highway 140.

9-28-50

3.0

2,100

A

6.64 miles ENE. of Adairsville, N. side of Ga. Highway 140.

9- -59

.07e

50

c

4. 72 miles NW. of Pine Log, 0.93
mile s. of Ga. Highway 140. 3. 9 miles w. of Pine Log, 2.05 miles s. of Ga. Highway 140.

12- -59 9- -59

.29e

200

A

.07e

50

A

8.2 miles NE. of center of Kingston,

9-28-50

.34

235

c

3.4 miles E. of u.s. Highway 41, and

E. side of Mud Creek.

5.5 miles WSW. of Pine Log, 8.34 miles SE. of Adairsville.

9-28-50

1.44 1,000

A

5. 21 miles WSW. of Pine Log, 8.7 miles SE. of Adairsville.
2.95 miles sw. of Pine Log, 1.8 miles W. of u.s. Highway 411.

9-28-50

.74

517

A

8- -59

.86

60

c

1. 99 miles NW. of Emerson, NW. bank of Etowah River.
1. 7 miles sw. of Emerson, 2.0 miles
N. of Paulding County line.

11- -74 12- -59

.5e

350

F

.29e

200

F

Dry when Thompsen-Weinman Co. well is pumping.

1. 6 miles sw. of Emerson, 1. 99 miles 12- -59
N. of Paulding County line.

.29e

200

F

1. 25 miles SSE. of Pine Log, 0.7
mile w. of u.s. Highway 411.

8- -59

. 07e

50

D

1. 0 mile SSE. of Pine Log, 0.7 mile

8- -59

. 07e

50

D

w. of U.S. Highway 411.

2. 75 miles ENE. of Pine Log, 0.08
mile s. of Ga. Highway 140.

8- -59

1. Oe

700

c

3.74 miles NNE. of Pine Log, 0.35
mile w. of u.s. Highway 411.

9-29-50

. 32

220

D

Industrial supply.

e Estimated.

20

Table 3.--Chemical analyses 1 of spring water, Bartow County.

Milligrams per litre

Spring no.

Name or owner

Date of
collection

Waterbearing
unit 3

.,<"..J, "0~N .-< .,.,
.... til
(/)~

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962) DRINKING-WATER STA.~DARDS

104 City of Adairsville

9-22-52

A

6.0

10

Do.

3-12-59

A

8.8

0"~Q)
H "'"~ '

s
~ ~
u~
.-<<UU""
u~

0.3 Tr. 31 0.04 24

s
~ ~
"'Q)
.:~
"""" :"."::>~:

s . ~
,.,~

"0 0

z""

(/)~

s
~ ~
.""".."''. ~
0 ~ "'~

125

14

0.1

12 0.6

-

~
"0"'
.a~
H ~
<UO
.,<.,.J:U:c
"'~

.Q..).
... ."""-"<"O~ ~(/) til~

250 142 4.0 133 2.4

13 Orma Adcock

10-16-44

A

14

.15 58 13 Tr.

Tr. - 9.0

5 Ted Dunken

7-26-43

A

18

.1 31 14 <1

<1

- 4.0

24 Copper Hill Mining Co.

12-31-59

c

17

.04 33 12 1.8

2.6 152 6.4

19 Cartersville Spring

5- 3-38

F

9.1 .01 24 14 1.7

1.7 136 2.5

Q) ....

" Hardness2
as CaC03

<.J
."..".

s""
<.J

Q)
",0~..
a~
..-c<.u-<
u~

Q)
"0
.~..
0
~~
.-<<x<
rx.~

.Q...)
"..."~~
.',.-, '0 z
z~

Dissolved solids

Q)

".~,0.,

"'Q)

~

~

(/)

. s
s ~ ~

"'~
~ Q)

"<.J

.-<
u""

""s""

<.J
~

...

.Q...)
.."0"a.".

"0 Q)
" "' 0
"' <.J 0
-~ ii

"<."J

.,.,""" 0 ,..~

I

<.J <.JU

"z0

Ill ,..j 0
<=>.S""
tll~N

::c
"'

...
0 .-<
u 0

250 1.0 45 500

2

- 0.5 112 - 134 - -

15
7.7 -

1.0 - 1.4 124 - 110 - -

3

-

-

207 - -

--

6

-

- 150 - -

-

-

1.0 0.3 . 5 150 - 132 - -

8.2 7.1 -
8.0 -
7. 7 -

2.6 - 6

126 - 117 - -

--

Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. Water having a CaC0 3 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, "soft";
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and more than 18] mg/1, "very hard". Water was sampled from springs that discharge from water-bearing units shown in figure 6.
Analyses by Georgia Dept. of Natural Resources.

Data from Croft (1963)

Table 4.--Summary of streamflows, Bartow County.

Site no.

Stream name

1 Pine Log Creek

2 Little Pine Log Creek
3 Rock Creek

4 Oothkalooga Creek

Gage type
PR

Location
Lat 3422', long 8443', at u.s.
Highway 411, 2 miles northeast of Pine Log.

M Lat 3421', long 8445', at Ga. Highway 140, 1.2 miles west of Pine Log.

c Lat 3422'' long 8447'' at Ga.
Highway 140, 2.9 miles northwest
of Pine Log.

M Lat 34 22 long 8457'' at Old Ga. Highway 140, at Adairsville.

Drainage area
(sq mi)
24.2

Estimated average flow (Mgal/d)
21

Estimated 7-day, 10-year minimum flow
(Mgal/d)
3.3

Water use (1970)
(Mgal/d)

11.1

9.7

.6

5.61

4.3a

.3a

15

14

3.9

5 Toms Creek 6 Two Run Creek 7 Two Run Creek 8 Etowah River 9 Nancy Creek 10 Pettit Creek 11 Etowah River 12 Euharlee Creek 13 Raccoon Creek 14 Euharlee Creek

M Lat 3415'' long 8501', at Ga.

17

Highway 20, 4 miles west of Kingston.

M Lat 3415', long 8453', at Ga. Highway 20, 3 miles east of Kingston.

32.0

M Lat 3413', long 8458', at county road, 2 miles southwest of Kingston.

50.0

c Lat 3412'' long 84 59.' at U.S.
Highway 411, 2.6 miles southeast of
Kingston.

1,630

M Lat 3411', long 8450', at county road, 2.2 miles northwest of Cartersville.

10.9

PR Lat 34 11.' long 8449'' at Ga. Highway 293, 1.2 miles northeast of Cartersville.

37.8

c Lat 3410'' long 84 o 44' , 3 miles
east of Cartersville.

1,110

M Lat 3408', long 84 o 56' , at county

181

road, at Euharlee.

M Lat 3407', long 8453'' at Ga.

55

Highway 113, 1.6 miles east of

Stilesboro.

PR Lat 3406', long 84 59', at county

125

road, 0.6 mile north of Taylorsville.

14 27 42 1,570b
9.0 32 1,150b,d 152 46 105

2.3 5.3 5.9 313b ,c
. 6 2.3 148b ,c 24 3.7 19

3- 5

c Continuous record
M Misc~llaneous site
PR Low-flow partial-record

a Based on continuous daily flow, 1952-68. b Based on continuous daily flow, 1951-66. c Regulated. d Adjusted for storage.

Table 5.--Chemical analyses 1 of streams, Bartow County.

Date

Discharge Time (ft 3/s)

o~:-:-::..~
"rib=l>l.
..;
""<'1~1
..0..<~ '<

<lJ
"'<lJ
~
"b!'J.~.;
<a~l;-l:b_-ll
..;
".a"...:'>~ ~~:

';;; u
-o~
><lJ 13
..; ;:l 0-r<
m "' ..u; ri"'
"' u

I
"'<lJ
~ bll
1"3'
"0 <1)~
~~
a~
"'"ri'13;:l
"'ri

SITE 1 - Figure 6. Pine Log Creek near Pine Log.

13
;:l ri~
"o0 z"'
Ul ~

13
;:l ri
" ""a"''':~ .:
o..~

Milligrams per litre

,.,
"ri ~
"'r~i 0 u
.<.;IIU
"' -"
..;
< "'

<lJ
.."."...;'o~""
""'Ul ~

<lJ "0 ri
"o~
..;..;
.cu
u~

."".' ;~z
""~
<lJ <lJ
" " ri"'
"""" M M
z ~

g
~
"' <11
ri bll
~ 0
!0 ~"

t.
"';:l ".0c "" ..; "' "' "o.c0
H 0.

<lJ ..;
.0
.""".;'
..r..i <11
..;-o;:l
"'ri
""' 0 <11
H ><

<lJ I ;:l ..; "0
.... "' .-1.-1
~ <lJ
0~ "
<11 ..;..;
"'H ""0 '-"""

"'<"11 'b~ll
~;:.: "0
""'<IIU
:>::~

I ';;;
<J 0 ;:l.C
"0 13
~ 0
0<J "<J
....u....;:~ .r:i
rui u<11
<lJ ~
U"l '"" '

""ri'
~
:>::::>
"'~

<lJ
" ;:l ~ u
""'<lJ
" <lJ O<11 .b"ll
13 <11
.."..'"~ '

13

;:l

~~

ri"'

" " .".;'

ri ~

t."

" ><..;

.0.;_"o'
u0 u0

~
,.,<lJ
bll
"0 '
"0
><lJ
."o.'..; .._~ ;
"r'i;b:.l:l
o~

~
,.,<lJ
bll
"'o~ ..; ..;--..
...."u':>b:ll ~ 13
.<c11"~0
u0 "13'
ri <11
"'""

13
.."0..
ri ..; 0 <J
..;~
a<liZ
<'<~

6-16-71 1300

10

<100 <50 27 ll 1.4 1.4 108 10 1.5 0.18 <0.02 <0.02 154 ll 108 230 8.0 19.0 5 9.1 0.4 4,300

w!:'-'

SITE 8 - Figure 6. Etowah River near Kingston.

1-29-73 1030 1,500

900 90

7-16-73 llOO

795

260 <50

52

.40 .08 . 05

55 130 7.9 4.0 75 10.3 .8 15,000

22

.17 . 02 .04

60 150 8.0

5 8.2 . 6 4,300

SITE 10 - Figure 6. Pettit Creek near Cartersville.

6-16-71 1140

300 <50 31 12 1.2 1.6 121 5.0 2.6 .65 <.02 . 04 180 56 125 255 7.7 20.5 5 7.6 .3 2,300

SITE l l - Figure 6. Etowah River at Allatoona Dam, above Cartersville.

1-31-73 1540

283

900 <50

13

7-16-73 1000

283

260 90

15

.23 .02 . 03 .12 02 .02

10 38

7.0 40 12.4 .5 230

10 37 6.8

10 5.4 .5 930

SITE 14 - Figure 6. Euharlee Creek at Taylorsville.

6-16-71 1050

250 <50 31

9.0 1.7 7.4 llO 10 2.2 .44 <.02 .11 172 33 llO 248 7.6 20.5 5 7.4 6 3,900

Analyses by Georgia Dept. of Natural Resources.

EXPLANATION
CATOOSA COUNTY MAPS PRINCIPAL WATER-BEARING UNITS
Yields generally range from 5 to 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 1,000 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is dolomite and limestone. Water quality meets drinkingwater standards and is suitable for many industrial uses.
Yields generally are less than 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 500 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is limestone and bedded chert. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses. Water from lower part of unit may contain excessive iron.
Yields generally range from 0 to 20 gal/min. Yields as large as 100 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifers include sandstone, shale, bedded chert and limestone. Water quality from most rock units meets drinking-water standards. Water from shale and limestone may contain excessive iron, sulfate, or salt.
Yields generally are less than 20 gal/min; a few exceed 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 300 gal/min may be obta\ned at favorable sites. Aquifer is limestone or dolomite units interlayered with shale units. Water quality meets drinking-water standards, although some contains excessive iron.
FAVORABLE WELL SITES-number indicates expected yield in gal/min
As much as 50
As much as 500
As much as 1,000

--o 7
-->15 ._...10

SPRINGS-numbers 1 to 22 indicate flows of less than 0.1 Mgal/d. Numbers 23 to 48 indicate flows of more than 0.1 Mgal/d. Number refers to tables 7, 8, and 9.
Unused
At least half of flow unused
Entire flow in use

GAGING STATIONS-number refers to tables 10 and 11. Low-flow partial record Continuous record

24

Base from U.S.Geological Survey Rome, 1958

5

0

5

0

5

5

10

Hydrology by C. W.Cressler,l973
10 MILES 15 KILOMETRES

Figure 10.-Principal water-bearing units and location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Catoosa County. For Explanation see page 24.

25

Base from U.S. Geological Survey

Hydrology by

Fort Oglethorpe, 1969

C. W.Cressler,1973

0

I MILE

OEE3:3=E3E:C:::JE3=r=:IE---=i=C:IE3::::::3DI Kl LOMETRE
CONTOUR INTERVAL20 FEET
OOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL
Figure 11.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Fort Oglethorpe and Lakeview area, Catoosa County. For Explanation see page 24.

26

3457'3o"~:1~~[C~~~~~~~~_j!(_S!~&..JLC(J}.~~~~~W~l:li

Bose from U.S. Geological Survey East Rid9e 1'24,000, 1969

0

I MILE

~==~~==~~================

EE33::JH3:::::EH::C:EH3::JH3:::::i:?======:::J: KILOMETRE

CONTOUR INTERVAL20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Hydrology by C.W.Cressler,1973

Figure 12.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Graysville and vicinity, Catoosa County. For Explanation see page 24.

3455'

Bose from U.S. Geological Survey East Ridge I' 24,00 0. 1969

Hydrology by C. W. Cressler, 1973

E~:C~E3~~E3~~E3~~E3~=i9==================~\MILE

=======::::i\ E:s=r::::Ea=r::::::Ea3::::JH3::::JHa:::::o1i:

KILOMETRE

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10- FOOT CONTOURS
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 13.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, East Boynton and vicinity, Catoosa County. For Explanation see pa~e 24.

28

3452'3d't..:.a.l.......(~~ Bose from U.S. Geological
Ringgold 1'24,000, 1946 Interim revision 1 1967

Hydrology by C. W. Cressler, 1973
1EE3~~E3:3~E3E:c=~E3~~E3:3c=o1~====================~~MILE
EH3::JH3::::EH3:::EH:r:::::::EH3::0i::::=:=:=:=:=:=:jl KILO METRE
CON TOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 14.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Ringgold and Shookville area, Catoosa County. For Explanation see page 36.

29

Table 6.--Chemical analyses 1 of well water, Catoosa County.

Owner

Date

Water-

of

bearing

collection unit3

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962) DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

w. M. Hill, Jr.

9- 2-58

A

Mt. Pisgah Baptist

9- 2-58

A

Ira Warren

9- 2-58

A

H. A. Wells

9- 2-58

A

Milligrams per litre

a

,.....<"...,J.. '"0..~N.'.
"'~

.0"...~.O.J
H~

a
..::.>.
"' ..< ., J~
"'u
u~

..::.>.
<ll OJ
"""" "~
<1l:>::
;:.::~

a
::>
..<~
., "'0 z
"'~

0.3

125

10

-

40 18

0.6

9.2 0.02 39 18

.7

8.6 .02 29 13

1.7

9.3 .05 31 18

1.0

..:a:.>.
<ll
<ll
"'..,~
00><:
o..~

OJ
'"'
"'0 " "'.. .".<..J..n '0u~ "'
"'~

OJ
,"'""."'.',"0~"
::>"'
"'~

250

0.4 186 8.8

.4 205

.8

. 3 147

. 2

1.0 177

-

Hardness2 as CaC0 3

Dissolved

OJ

" "''"' OJ
<J

a

"''<"J' .,::>

<J
...

OJ

..,...o O.,...,.J ~ ,..,
.cu
u~

....O,....J
0
'.":..":'~ >"~'

solids

OJ

OJ

., '""''~

::>
....

tO' .... z

<ll OJ

a
::>

z~

0::

"'

" a.,.a::.>

'""''
0
..n..

"' " " ""'" ..::.>.
..<.J,

<ll OJ

u 5

"<J'
I
z 0

" "' 0
<J <ll 0
.~ ii
"".... 0 ... ~ <J <JU Q) r-1 0
""''"~'""''

""' '

,..0...,
u 0

250 1 0 45 500

15

4.0 0.1 18 202

174 22 335 7.7 3

1.5 .1

.4 169

2.5 -

7.4 125

172 4 313 124 4 245

7.5 2 7.4 6

-

.1

. 6 152

148 3 281 7.9 0

K. R. Bandy
I
s. H. Bonds
Sam Greeson Post Ice & Coal Wes Tudor Handy White

8-26-58

B

5- 7-58

c

8-25-58

c

5- 5-58

c

6-29-59

c

5- l-58

c

11

.49 46 6.1 2.0

.8 149 18

2.0 . 2

18 9.4 8. 7
10 30

.01 79 3.6 6.4

. 02 68 5.0 1.5

.01 55 12

2.9

.07 32 12 195

.01 28 6.8 6.4

1.4 280 9.2 3.0 .1

. 2 216 6.2 4.5 .1

1.0 217 11

4.5 .l

4.3 498 84

32

1.0

1.4 108 20

5.0 . 3

Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. Water having a CaC03 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, "soft";
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and more than 181 mg/1, "very hard". Water was sampled from wells tapping water-bearing units shown in figure 10.

. 3 160

140 18 275 7.4 4

. 2 265 6.5 213 2.9 209 1.6 630
. 5 146

212 - 432
190 13 365 186 8 362
130 - 999
98 10 226

7.9 2 7.6 6 7.4 l 8.0 5 7. 2 0

Data from Cressler (1963)

Table 7.--Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs, Catoosa County, that discharge more than 0.1 million gallons per day.

Spring no.
23

Spring name or owner
Olston Spring (U.S. Government)

Location O.lmileW. of U.S. Highway 27' 3.8 miles N. of Walker County line.

Date measured or estimated
1-15-58

Flow

Mga1/ d Gal/min

0.1e

50

Waterbearing
unit
c

24

Scott Spring

0.1 mile W. of U.S. Highway 27'

1-15-58

.1

(U.S. Government) 3.04 miles N. of Walker County 1 ine.

70

c

25 Blue Spring

26

E. R. Crane

3.28 miles NW. of Beaumont, 2. 33 miles E. of the W. edge of the county.
2. 6 miles ssw. of Boynton, E. side
of road.

11-30-50 10-20-54 10- 9-58
10- 9-58

1.2 . 48
1.0
.1e

830

A

30 700

50

A

27 Simms Spring

2. 2 miles ssw. of Boynton, 0.1 mile

10- 9-58

. 1e

w. of road.

50

A

28 Hills Spring

1.48 miles WSW. of Boynton, E. bank

10- 9-58

. 72

500

A

W. Chickamauga Creek.

29 R. c. Talley

0.8 mile SSW. of Boynton, 0.4 mile

10-22-58

. 3

W. of Peavin~ Creek.

200

A

30

Childers Spring

2. 9 miles NNW. of Boynton, w. of

Ga. Highway 146.

12- 1-50

. 8

550

A

31 J. R. Graham

W. part of Graysville, N. of road.

12- 1-50

.54

370

A

10- 9-58

.44

300

32

Graysville Spring 0. 4 mile SE. of Graysville, N. bank

12- 1-50

. 53

370

A

s. Chickamauga Creek.

2- 7-58

. 2e

140

33 A. c. Hames

0.80 mile E. of Graysville, s. bank

11-20-58

.1e

s. Chickamauga Creek.

50

A

34

McKinney Spring

1. 2 miles ESE. of Graysville, E. side 9-11-70

.14

100

A

s. Chickamauga Creek.

35 Hoi t Wite

1.6 miles SSE. of Boynton, E. side

2-11-58

. 2

of road.

140

A

36 Poplar Spring

2. 2 miles SE. of Boynton, s. side

10- 9-58

.1

of road.

64

A

37 M. o. Davis

2. 9 miles NNE. of Beaumont, 4.6 miles 10- 9-58

.1e

E. of Walker County line.

50

A

38 Waters Spring

1.35 miles NNE. of Beaumont, 4. 37

10- 9-58

.23

160

A

miles E. of Walker County line.

39 T. s. Potts

0.9 mile NNE. of Beaumont, o. 68
mile E. of Walker County line.

10- 9-58

.1e

70

A

40 Leitz (Beaumont) In Beaumont. Spring

11-30-50

. 3

210

A

6-10-58

.44

300

10- 9-58

.25

170

41 Yates Spring

2. 25 miles ESE. of Beaumont, 0. 78
mile w. of Ga. Highway 151.

42

Williams Spring

3. 1 miles NE. of Beaumont, o. 28

mile W. of Ga. Highway 151.

43 Paul Young

4. 8 miles NE. of Beaumont, o. 45
mile E. of Ga. Highway 151.

11-30-50

7. 7

5, 350

A

10-27-54

6.15 4' 270

6-11-58

8. 2

5, 700

10- 8-58

7. 5

5, 200

1-23-58

.1

70

A

1-28-58

.1e

50

c

44

Brock Farm

4.0Smiles ENE. of Boynton, 1. 0 mile 10- 9-58

.1e

W. of Ga. Highway 151.

50

A

45 J. L. Bryson
46 M. c. Evans 47 c. R. Mills 48 w. R. Ensley

2. 55 miles NW. of Keith, 1.4 miles

10- 9-58

.1e

E. of Ga. Highway 151.

3. 7 miles NW. of Keith, 0. 08 mile

10- 9-58

.1e

E. of Ga. Highway 151.

0.1 mile s. of Tennessee line, 2. 45

10- 9-58

. 1e

miles E. of Ga. Highway 151.

0. 25 mile s. of Tennessee line, 3.1

10- 9-58

.1e

miles E. of Ga. Highway 151.

50

B

50

B

50

B

50

c

49

Ellis Spring

1. 5 miles E. of Boynton, N. side of

1-17-51

. 56

390

A

Ga. Highway 2.

8- 8-58

.99

690

10- 9-58

.80

550

e Estimated.

Remarks Seep spring. Enclosed. Unused. Flows into lake. Domestic supply. Stock supply .
Flows into lake.
Domestic supply. Enclosed. Used .
Domestic supply. Domestic supply. Domestic supply. Stock supply. Domestic supply. Domestic supply. Public supply.
Stock supply. Stock supply.
Domestic supply.
Stock supply . Domestic supply. Unused. Reported to be polluted.

31

Table 8. --Minimum estimated flows of springs, Catoosa County, that discharge less than 0.1 million gallons per day.

Spring no.

Spring name or
owner

Sweet Spring

Whiteoak Spring

Indian Spring

Mr. Simms
u.s. Government

Indian Springs

Location
4. 08 miles ssw. of Boynton, 2. 05
miles E. of Walker County line.
4. 07 miles ssw. of Boynton, 2. 3
miles E. of Walker County line.
3. 7 miles ssw. of Boynton, E. side
of road.
2. 2 miles sw. of Boynton, NW. of
road intersection.
2. 38 miles VlNW. of Boynton, 1. 95 miles E. of Walker County line.
1. 62 miles sw. of Graysville, E.
side of road.

Date measured or estimated

Flow Mgal/d Gal/min

Waterbearing
unit

12- 7-58

. 03e

20

12- 7-58

. 03e

20

A

12- 7-58

. 03e

20

12- 7-58

. 04e

30

A

12-16-58

. Ole

9-24-58

.Ole

Remarks Domestic supply. Stock supply. Domestic supply. Stock supply. Unused. Domestic supply.

R. L. Bowman

1.1 miles SE. of Boynton, E. side of road.

2-13-58

.03e

20

F. M. Nation
A. s. Gracy

l. 41 miles SSE. of Boynton, w. side

2-11-58

.03e

20

of road.

4. 04 miles ssw. of Boynton, SE. side
of road.

1- 7-58

. Ole

10

J. L. Heald

11

F. w. Garland

l. 87 miles NNW. of Beaumont, 3. 77 miles E. of Walker County line.
4.6 miles SE. of Beaumont, E. side or road.

1- 7-58 6- 5-58

. Ole . Ole

Unused. Domestic supply.
do. do. do.

12

Bubbling Spring

4. 76 miles ENE. of Beaumont, 2. 81

miles ~. of Whitfield County line.

8-25-58

. Ole

13 E. Silvers

14

E. Silvers

15 w. M. Tatum

16 w. v. Crisp

4.28 miles NE. of Beaumont, 0.15

1-29-58

. 03e

20

mile E. of Little Chickamauga Creek.

4. 35 miles NE. of Beaumont, o. 2

1-29-58

. 03e

20

mile E. of Little Chickamauga Creek.

4. 33 miles SE. of Boynton, 2.8 miles

1-29-58

. 03e

20

A

E. of Ga. Highway 151.

4.08 miles SE. of Boynton, E. of

1-28-58

. Ole

A

Ga. Highway 151.

17 F. Bryson

2.55 miles NW. of Keith, 3. 4 miles

2-28-58

. 03e

20

s. of Tennessee State line.

18

Robert Childers

2.56 miles SE. of Graysville, E.

side of Chickamauga Creek.

1-27-58

. Ole

19 M. c. Evans

3.25miles SE. of Graysville, 2.18

1-17-58

.03e

20

miles s. of Tennessee State line.

20

1.9 miles ESE. of Graysville, 1. 35

1- 9-58

. Ole

A

miles s. of Tennessee State line.

21 G. Swanson
22 R. s. Spivey

0.3 mile E. of Ga. Highway 151, 0.15
mile s. of Tennessee State line.
2. 33 miles NNE. of Keith, 1.9 miles
w. of Whitfield County line.

1- 8-58 1- 3-58

. Ole . Ole

do . Stock supply.
do . Domestic supply . Stock supply . Domestic supply . Unused . Domestic supply. Unused.
do. do .

e Estimated

32

Table 9.--Chemical analyses 1 of spring water, Catoosa County.

Milligrams per litre

Spring no.

Name or owner

Date of
collection

Water-
bearing unit 3

,..,U"...,, '.0.~.N.
... <ll
<ll~

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962) DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

.0"...~.Q.J
H~
0.3

.,1~.3,
"',..u ., ~
"'u
u~

..1~.3. "Q'J
cco:c~o :".'::>~:
125

13

~

..<~

"'"0
0

z

<ll~

13
..:..l
."""o.'''.:>~ <
""~

.Q..J

""'

..n0..

~
m

<u0u0

rl"'
"'~

.Q..J
.."... '~.,.
MO
;;l<ll
<ll~

250

QJ ...

QJ "0
.r.l.
,.o ..,,~ ..., .cu
u~

QJ
."....0.. ,0.~ ..,~ ,.,
... ~

.Q..J
"... '~m
z ' - ' 0
rl z~

Hardness2 as CaC03

Dissolved

solids

QJ

. 13
a.,.~,

.Q..J
""'
0
..n..

~
.",.0, "Q'J
~

"' ..~.. "'QJ " @ ,.".., co "' " "' <ll u s

" I
z 0

.""".'.
" ~

1"3' "...

"0 QJ

" 0
"

"' "0 '

".-..,.~..,.

ii

.0..
u

u ~

QJ M o

"'"'"' <ll~N

""' '

...
,.0.., u 0

250 1.0 45 500

15

25 Blue Spring

8-28-58

A

6.5 -

37 12 0.8

0.2 167 2.7

1.5 0.3 0.5 136 142 - 5 260 7. 7 2

49 Ellis Spring

5- 7-58

A

7.6 .15 20 9.0 1.2

. 7 110 1.2

2.0 .1 1.6 92 87 - - 170 7.6 2

31 J. R. Graham

9-25-58

A

7.4 .01 43 5.5 . 8

.6 161 . 8

2.5 .1 - 138 130 - - 248 7.9 3

32 Graysville Spring

8-25-58

A

9.1 .02 27 12

.6

.6 136 .8

. 5 .1 . 3 112 117 - 6 213 7.2 6

40 Leitz Spring (Beaumont)

5- 5-58

A

7. 3 .01 29 12

. 6

.4 155 .2

1.5 .1 .1 129 122 - - 232 7.8 1

36 Poplar Spring

8-20-58

A

6.9 -

26 13 1.0

.1 141 .4

1.5 .1 . 7 116 118 - 4 220 7.6 3

41 Yates Spring

5- 2-58

A

9.5 .01 26 10

. 5

. 5 129 1.2

1.5 - 1.3 110 106 - - 209 7.5 0

Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. Water having a CaC0 3 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, "soft";
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and more than 181 mg/1, "very hard 11 Water was sampled from springs that discharge from water-bearing units shown in figure 10.

Data from Cressler (1963)

Table 10.--Summary of streamflows, Catoosa County.

Site no.

Stream name

1 South Chickamauga Creek

Gage type

Location

c Lat 3501', long 8512', 0.3 mile
upstream from bridge on U.S. Highway 11, and 6.0 miles east of city hall in Chattanooga.

Drainage area
(sq mi)
428

2 Peavine Creek

T Lat 3458', long 8510', at county road, 1.4 miles west of Graysville.

34.3

3 Hurricane Creek

T Lat 3458', long 8507', at county road, 3.8 miles north of Ringgold.

17.6

4 West Chickamauga Creek

T Lat 3456', long 8513', at State

144

Highway 2, 0.6 mile east of Chicka-

mauga National Park boundary, and

2.7 miles southeast of Fort Oglethorp.

5 South Chickamauga PR Lat 3455', long 8508', at U.S.

169

Creek

Highway 41, at Ringgold.

6 Little Chickamauga Creek
7 South Chickamauga Creek

T Lat 3454', long 8507', above mouth, at Ringgold.
T Lat 3455', long 8507', 300ft upstream from Little Chickamauga Creek, at Ringgold.

48.3 117

8 Tiger Creek

T Lat 3454', long 8505', at U.S. Highway 41, 2 miles southeast of Ringgold.

43.2

9 East Chickamauga Creek

T Lat 3454 1 , long 8505', at county road, 2 miles southeast of Ringgold.

66.3

10 East Chickamauga Creek

T Lat 3452', long 8505', 100 ft downstream from Dry Creek, and 3.4 miles southeast of Ringgold.

60.6

11 East Chickamauga Creek

T Lat 3451', long 8504', 40ft downstream from Tanyard Creek, and 5.4 miles southeast of Ringgold.

42.1

12 Tanyard Creek

T Lat 3451 1 , long 8504 1 , upstream from mouth, and 5.5 miles southeast of Ringgold.

9.62

Estimated average flow (Mgal/d) 443a
36 18 149
174
so
121
45
68 63
43
9.7

Estimated 7-day, 10-year minimum flow
(Mgal/d) 53a
2.9 6
18
23 10 12
4.5
6.5 5.9
4.1
. 6

Water use (1970)
(Mgal/d)
2

C Continuous record PR Low-flow partial-record
T TVA site

a Based on continuous daily flow, 1929-68.

9f.'

"I '

"H '
H

0

>

"' "'" .>..-.",
..I.., l.n /1)

~
"'>-"
'<

>-" ..,

0

>" H

00 >" 00
cr"

'<> >-" l.n

00
""/1)

a>"
/1)

'<

>-"

0

0

~>'

"'/1)
0
"00
>"
"'
0
/1)
'tJ
"

"'00

.," " ...w...cr"

"'0

00"

..,.
0 0

rn""t"

~oo /1)

"" Total iron

>'
()

(Fe) (~g/1)

0
z"'
"""">"''-"

"~'"

A l.n 0

Total manganese
""'00 (Mn) (~g/1) "'n

" w

Dissolved
/1)

l.n /1) calcium (Ca)

"'/1)
00 0
""()
/1) 00

"'"'"

" >-"

Dissolved magnes-

0 >-"

>" ium (Mg)
"'00 "00 Sodium

H
I}
>-"
/1)
>-"

0

>-"

;>>-"- (Na)

I
n I

.>.-,".

Potassium (K)

~""

>'

>-"
.>..-.",

Alkalinity as CaC03

w

Sulfate

"">-'"

~

:;::
>'
.>..-."

"'>-"
'<
00

0

(S04)

~-

/1) 00

:-'

Chloride

CD

(Cl)

?

Nitrite plus

w

nitrate (N)

"'

0

Ammonia

0..,.

nitrogen (N)

""a' 0

00
~
"
>-" >"

"'
00
""/1)
~

""/1)

00
n

~

0

0

00

0

Total

8

phosphorus (P)

n"'
0

>...-.",

Total filtrable

'"""<

"'

residue

w

Total nonfil-

'<>

trable residue

w>-"

Hardness

0

(Ca,Mg)

"....',

Specific conduc-

0

tance (Micromhos)

....,

pH

CD

(Units)

">-'"

Temperature

0

(Degree C)

>-"

Color (Platinum

0

cobalt units)

"'
l.n

Dissolved oxygen (Mg/1)

0

Biochemical oxygen

"..,'.

demand (Mg/1)

w

Fecal coliform

0 0

(MPN)

EXPLANATION

CHATTOOGA COUNTY MAPS PRINCIPAL WATER-BEARING UNITS

CKJ...

Yields generally range from 5 to 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 1,000 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is dolomite and limestone. Water quality generally meets

drinking-water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses.

Yields generally are less than 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 500 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is limestone and bedded chert. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses. Water from lower part of unit may contain excessive iron.

Yields generally range from 0 to 20 gal/min. Yields as large as 50 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifers are sandstone, shale, limestone, mudstone, and bedded chert. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards except for excessive iron.

FAVORABLE WELL SITES-number indicates expected yield in gal/min

1



As much as 50

2

As much as 500

e 3 As much as 1,000

SPRINGS-number refers to tables 13 and 14. Unused At least half of flow unused Entire flow in use

GAGING STATIONS-number refers to tables 15 and 16. Low-flow partial record Continuous record

36

Base from U.S. Geological Survey Rome, 1958

5

0

5

0

5

5

10

Hydrology by C. W.Cressler,l973
IOMILES
I
15 KILOMETRES

Figure 150- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, north Trion and vicinity, Chattooga County 0 For Explanation see page 36 o

37

Base from U.S. Geolovical Survey Rome, 1958

5

0

5

0

5

5

10

Hydrology by C. W.Cressler,l973
IOMILES
15 KILOMETRES

Figure 15.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, north Trion and vicinity, Chattooga County. For Explanation see page 36.

37

Bast from U.S. Geological Survey Trion 1:24,000, 1967

0

I MILE

I

0

E3F3E3F3F31

I Kl LOMETRE
I

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS

DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Hydrology by C. W.Crouler,l973

Figure 16.-Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, north Trion and vicinity. For Explanation see page 36.

0
EE3~~E3~~E3~c=EE3=r~E3~=J9====================:JIKILOMETRE
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL
Figure 17.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, south Trion and Pennville area, Chattooga County. For Explanation see page 36.
39

Base from U.S. GeoloCjlical ~rvey Lyerly 124,000. 1966

E3

Hydrol09y by C. W.C,..sler,l973

0

I MILE

F3F3F31

======:Ji Eb3::EH:r::JHE3::JH3:::EH3::0rl

KILOMETRE

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 18.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Menlo and vicinity, Chattooga County. For Explanation see page 36.
40

Base from U.S.Geologiccl Survey Summerville 1:24,000, 1967

Hydrology by C. W.Cressler, 1973

0

I MILE

E:~~~~~~~~~~================-~

EH3::::HS::::::JH3::::EH3::::::EE33:::I?=======il KILO METRE
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 19.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Summerville and vicinity, Chattooga County. For Explanation see page 36.

41

34"2i3d'~-L~~~~~~L-~~~~--~~~----~~~--------~--~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Bose from U.S. Geological Survey

Lyerly I' 24,000, 1966

0

I MILE

EH3:::IH3::::::EH3:::IH3::::::EH3:::Io========:::il K1LOMET RE
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 20.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Lyerly and vicinity, Chattooga County. For Explanation see page 36.

42

Table 12.--Chemical analyses 1 of well water, Chattooga County.

Owner

Date

Water-

of

bearing

collection unit3

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962) DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

Ollie McGraw

2-28-61

A

Milligrams per litre

.,~
"'" "' .,., 0
.,.,..-< .,.,
"'~

......<=~
0 QJ
H~

s
.,-~
u~
..-<
"'u
u~

".,1.3,
C/l QJ
<=~ bObO
:".'::0::~:

s

.,.,~

"'0 "'0

z

"'~

0 3

125

8.2 0.04 50 0.2 3.6

.,1.3,
"Ul .,C/l
.... ~
0 ~
o..~

.,.Q..J.
<=
0
....n~ m
., 0
.,u., u;r:
"'~

.Q..J.
.,~
" ....-..<0 ""' "'~

250

0.1 141 5.2

QJ
'.,0...,. o~
..;..-<
.cu
u~
250

QJ
'.,0...,.
0
....."-<~ ~"'
1 0

Hardness 2 as CaC0 3

Dissolved solids

.,.Q..J.

.,"., .Q..J.

QJ

.,~
,.. m

'0

.',.-, '0z

C/l QJ

"' z~

s

. "13
s .,.,
".,., C/l QJ
u <=
..-< bO

".."0".,.
u
I
<=

""' u"' s"' z0

45 500

QJ ....

.,"<= 13

e" ."..

'0 QJ

"<=
0

""

" Ul 0

-......~....

ii
0 ...

~

" u u
(lj r-1 0

O.SV\

U:l~N

...

0

..-<

;r: 0.

u 0

15

6.0 0.1 6.3 158 168 126 - 257 7.6

D. P. Brown Earl Copeland

2-28-61

B

2-28-61

B

5.9 .12 2.4 -

1.8

6. 7 .08 31 1.6 1.6

.1 16

.4 3.2 -

. 8 30 22

6 -

42

6.2

. 2 92 1.2 3.0 - 9.0 106 99 84 8 173 7.4

Chattooga County Do.
E. c. Galloway
William Hughes Juliette Lowe Girl
Scout Camp City of Lyerly
Do. 0. B. Millican Furman M. Owens

2-27-61

c

2-28-61

c

2-28-61

c

2-28-61

c

2-28-61

c

9-22-52

c

9-28-61

c

2-27-61

c

2-27-61

c

16

.02 44 1.5 2.5

13

.02 47 1.6 2.6

24

1.9 23 3.8 5.1

19

1.2 92 8.9 9.7

5.4 .07 6.8 1.1 1.1

13 14
4.1 28

-

73

.02 69

2.9 38

.64 39

-

-

1.9 5.3

3.6 26

4.0 7.9

.1 129 13

1.0 . 1 1.3 143 144 116 10 232 7. 2

:6 146

. 8 3.5 - 9.1 154 150 124 4 241 7. 7

. 7 72 22

-

.1 .6 118 114 73 14 167 6.9

.3 332 22

2.0 .1 . 6 326 319 266 - 546 8.2

. 3 26 3.6

.8 -

. 9 39 33 22 - 56 6.8

- 184

-

7.0 -

3

- 225 170 - -

7.3

.5 194 13

8.0 .1 12

220 220 180 21 369 7.5

9.3 144 29

11

.1 20

213 212 110 - 365 6.8

.2 154 1.6 1.0

.1

. 7 159 158 114 - 245

7.3

Analyses bv U.S. Geological Survey. ;:.- Water havi~g a Caco 3 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, "soft";
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and more than 181 mg/1, "very hard". 1 Water was sampled from wells tapping water-bearing units shown in figure 15.

Data from Cressler (1964)

Table 13.--Minimum measured or e~timated flow of springs, Chattooga County.

Spring no.

Spring name or
owner

1 Moses Spring

2 P. v. Yound

Location
6.1 miles s. of Menlo, 0.1 mile E. of Alabama State line, w. side
of road.

Date measured or estimated
11- 8-50 10-20-54
2-13-61 4-25-61 10-25-61

Flow

Mgal/d Gal/min

3.3

2,300

1.9

1,320

2.8

1,940

4.1

2,840

2.5

1,730

Waterbearing
unit
A

N. part of Menlo, at waterworks.

11- 7-50

6 c

3 Blowing Spring 4 Hemphill Spring

4.02 miles NNE. of Menlo, at base of Lookout Mountain.

10-31-50 3- 3-61 4-28-61

.06 1.4
.44

42

c

970

300

6. 7 miles NNE. of Menlo, at base of Lookout Mountain.

4-28-61

.Ole

10

c

5 Knox Spring

S. 45 miles NE. of Menlo, w. side

11- 2-50

. 87

600

A

of road.

2-13-61

2.1

1,450

4-28-61

3. 4

2,260

10-25-61

1.7

1,180

6 Gamble Spring

2.35 miles NW. of Berryton, 0.3

11- 2-50

. 68

470

A

mile N. of Ga. Highway 48.

7 Montgomery Spring 2.05 miles NW. of Berryton, 0.3
mile s. of Ga. Highway 148.

11- 2-50

2.8

1,940

A

10-19-54

1.0

700

2-15-61

1.3

900

8 Summerville Fish Hatchery
9 Perennial Spring (Hurley Spring)

1. 75 miles NW. of Berryton, 0.4
mile s. of Ga. Highway 148.
1. 7 miles WNW. of Berryton, w.
side of road.

10-19-54

1.0

2-15-61

. 8

700

A

550

11- 8-50

4. 2

2,800

A

10-20-54

2.2

1,530

2-15-61

4.1

2,840

4 25-61

4.2

2,900

10-25-61

2. 9

2,000

10 Berryton Mills

In Berryton.

11- 8-50

.01

10

c

11 Vernon Spring

1. 0 mile WNW. of Lyerly, 0.2 mile N. of road.

11- 8-50

.42

290

A

12 Taliaferro Spring 1. 85 miles SE. of Lyerly, E. of

11- 8-50

. 85

590

A

road.

10- 20-SI,

.58

400

13 Marble Spring

3.4 miles ESE. of Berryton, 2.1

11- 7-50

.27

186

A

miles s. of U.S. Highway 27.

14 City of Summerville 3.75 miles ENE. of Berryton, 0.2
mile s. of u.s. Highway 27.

3- 3-61

1.5

1,040

A

6-12-61

. 7

490

10-25-61

.4

280

15 Cleghorn Spring 16 Trion Spring

N. of business district in Summer- 8-22-50

2.6

1,800

A

ville, w. of u.s. Highway 27.

11- 2-50

1.6

1,100

10-19-54

.46

320

w. bank of Chattooga River, N.
part of Trion.

10-19-54

7. 7

5,350

A

3- 3-61 10.5

7,300

6- 5-61

8.3

5,750

10-25-61

7.7

5, 350

6-28-67

9.2

6,400

17 Rider Spring

4.9 miles N. of Gore, 2.0 miles

11- 1-50

. 29

200

A

E. of U.S. Highway 27.

18 Phillip's Spring

3. 35 miles N. of Gore, 1. 75 miles 11- l-50

.19

130

A

E. of U.S. Highway 27.

19

---

0.3 mile NE. of Gore, at head of

6-12-61

. 7

lake.

480

c

20 Hick's Spring

2.45 miles NE. of Gore, 0.16 m' ile 11- 9-50

. 29

200

c

E. of Sub ligna road.

21 Water's Spring

E. bank of Armuchee Creek, 5.9

11- 9-50 11.0

7,700

A

miles NE. of Gore, and 5.18 miles 10-25-61 13.9

9,700

SSE. of Sub ligna.

Remarks
Public supply. Domestic supply.
Domestic supply.
Supplies water to fish hatchery. Fish hatchery.
Industrial supply. Unused. Domestic supply.
City supply. Developed. Industrial supply.
Flows into lake. Flows into lake.
Tests indicate this spring may be polluted by stream water. Flooded during high water.

e Estimated

44

Table 14.--Chemical analyses! of spring water, Chattooga County.

Milligrams per litre

Spring no.

Name or owner

Date of
collection

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962) DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

Waterbearing
unit 3

u"'~N .... 0
. "' ....-< ~
"'~

......c::~
0 Q)
H~
0.3

13
~ ~ u~
"'.-<
<1lU
u~

13
~ ~
"'Q) """" "~
:".' ;:.~:
125

13
~ ~~
"'""0 z
"'~

13
~ ~
."""o.'.'' :~ .:
o..~

.Q..)

""'0

..0..

~
m

roo

<.JU

.~, "~ '

.Q..) "" " "'~
.-<O "~'"'~

250

14 City of Summerville 2-10-47

A

12 0.15 32 4.0 -

- 144 10

Do.

3-23-61

A

8.1 .ll 26 6.8 15

0.3 llO .8

5 J. s. Knox

2-13-61

A

7.2 .10 44 4.1 1.1

.4 149 2.0

1 Moses Spring

2-13-61

A

8.9 .05 24 10

.8

.2 117 . 8

9 Perennial Spring

2-15-61

A

10

.10 26 9.0 .6

.1 120 .8

8 Summerville Fish Hatchery

5-20-53

A

6.0 -

35 1.0 -

- 117 -

Do.

2-15-61

A

8.2 .03 29 7.9 .4

.2 126 .8

16 Trion Spring

4-20-38

A

7.0 .01 23 ll

1.1

. 6 ll8 1.4

Do.

2-28-61

A

6.7 .04 23 8.9 .7

.1 ll2 -

3 Blowing Spring

2-28-61

c

7.3 .29 18

. 2 1.0

.4 57 .8

Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. Water having a Caco 3 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, "soft";
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and more than 181 mg/1, "very hard". Water was sampled from springs that discharge from water-bearing units shown in figure 15.

Q) ...

Hardness2 <.J

""' "'... as CaC03

13
<.J

Q)
".~"..
o~
..-c<.u-<
u~

Q)
".~.".
0
...~~
"""~'

Dissolved

solids

.Q..)

Q) ~

"" ..."'~m

~

z ' - ' 0
~

"'Q)

"" z~

. 13
s ~ ~

"'~
~ Q)

"<.J

13
~
"'

.-<
u"'

""s ' "

<.J ~

...

.Q..)
.."0"0.'.

""" Q) Po 0
"' <.J 0
.~ ii

"' "" 0

<.J

~ ... ~

I

<.J <.JU

"z0

Q) r-1 0
P.SV'I "'~"'

"'Po

...
0 .-<
u 0

250 1.0 45 500

3.7 -

-

- 125 86 - -

15 7.9

2.0 - 2.0 108 102 93 3 183 7.6

2.0 .1 5.1 142 139 127 5 249 7.5

1.0 - 2.6 105 106 101 5 189 7.5

1.0 - 1.2 107 108 102 4 193 7.6

2.5 -

-

- 134 86 - -

8.5

. 5 - 1.1 106 llO 105 2 204 7. 6

- 1.5 - 2.4 - 103 103 -

-

1.0 - 2.2 97 98 94 2 180 7.6

.8 -

-

61 56 46 - 96 7.3

Data from Cressler (1964)

Table 15.--Summary of streamflows, Chattooga County.

Site no.

Stream name

1 West Armuchee Creek

2 Cane Creek

3 Chattooga River

4 Chelsea Creek

5 Chatooga River

6 Wickers Creek

Gage type

Location

c Lat 3434', long 8509', at county
road, 2 miles east of Sub ligna.

PR Lat 3434', long 8519', at county road, 1.4 miles north of Trion.

M Lat 3432', long 8526', at county road, 13 miles northwest of Trion.

M Lat 34 31 I> long 8526', at Ga. Highway 337, 3.2 miles northeast of Menlo.
c Lat 3428', long 8520', 600 ft downstream from u.s. Highway 27,
at Summerville.

M Lat 3422', long 8522', at Ga. Highway 100, 3.5 miles southeast of Lyerly.

Drainage area
(sq mi)
34 0 5

Estimated average flow (Mgal/ d)
40a

Estimated 7-day,lO-year minimum flow
(Mgal/d)
4.la

Water use (1970)
(Mgal/d)

38

41

.4

119

130

5.4

3.56

3.9

.1

193

222b

4lb

6.0

6.4

8 0

C Continuous record PR Low-flow partial-record
M Miscellaneous site

a Based on continuous daily flows, 1961-69. b Based on continuous daily flows, 1937-68.

Lv

""" ,...

en
H

, ,_I .NI
""I" "I'

H
"'

:"::'
ro

,~~...
"r"o' "'
o"
"

"w"" w"""
,... ,...
'-" '-" O"
00

.....,.
c(]Q ~

H....
rso

"' r,o...

'

'-"

~>-'

"'ro
0
~
'!':.
~

co<!>

,""..".''"-"0"'

rt n

n
'~ "
rt

"' "wo"
~ ...( ...]~Q ro

rt

"'ro
'd

0

0 (]Q

Total iron

rt

~ (Fe) ()Jg/1)

0co
z
~

"'....
<ro: Total manganese ~ (Mn) (Jlg/1)

rc t

~ rt

,~~...
"'ro
0 "c '
"rno
"'

ec n


Dissolved calcium (Ca)

ro

~
,.<,.....:....

Dissolved magnesium (Mg)

,...,... ro Sodium

H
,~...

" "'

(Na)

,r.o..

Potassium

"'
I

(K)

I
n

,...

Alkalinity

"''-" "N'

as CaC0 3

Sulfate (S0 4)

'w-" w

Chloride

"

(Cl)

"0
Now"'

Nitrite plus nitrate (N)

r's.o."..

n

:,.,.......:...
f-' (]Q ~
"s"'

",...
~
"","r.o'..
"'

'd
ro

0co

,.~......

"'rt
~

rt

ro

0
,_.0

Ammonia

~
ro

~

N '-"

nitrogen (N)

n

0

Total

'w-"'"0""

phosphorus (P)

'""rt
rt 0

0

(]Q

Total filtrable

" n

residue

;c0:;

Total nonfiltrable residue

"

,... ,N... ""''

Hardness (Ca,Mg)

'-" N 0 0 00
,...
"'0
N NOO '-" 0

Specific conductance (Micromhos)
pH (Units)
Temperature (Degree C)

W'-" O<..n

Color (Platinum cobalt units)

Dissolved oxygen

"'"'

(Mg/1)

OON

Biochemical oxygen

"'-"

demand (Mg/1)

"w' "

Fecal coliform

ow
00 00

(MPN)

EXPLANATION DADE COUNTY MAPS PRINCIPAL WATER-BEARING UNITS
[ ! ] Yields generally range from 5 to 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 1,000 gal/min may be ob... tained at favorable sites. Aquifer is dolomite and limestone. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses. Yields generally are less than 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 500 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is limestone and bedded chert. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses. Water from lower part of unit may contain excessive iron. Yields generally range from 0 to 20 gal/min. Yields as large as 50 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifers are sandstone, shale, limestone, mudstone, and bedded chert. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards except for excessive iron. Yields generally range from 5 to 25 gal/min. Aquifer is thin bedded limestone. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards except for high sulfate content. FAVORABLE WELL SITES-number indicates expected yield in gal/min. e 1 As much as 25 e 2 As much as 500 SPRINGS-number refers to tables 18 and 19 -..o 1 Unused ~2 At least half of flow unused ~8 Entire flow in use GAGING STATIONS-number refers to table 20 A2 Low-flow partial record
48

-8-5~ 3- 0' -----------~----- 35 oo'

Bose from U~S.Geologicol Survey Rome, 1958

5

0

5

10 MILES

IL__L-~1I --~Ii-I,LI,_+--------I-.---~1---I ,------.-I-'

5

0

5

10

15KILOMETRES

Hydrology C.W.Cressler,l973

Figure 21.-Principal water-bearing units and location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Dade County. For Explanation see page 48.

49

3457'3d'

Bose from U.S. Geological Survey Hooker 1'24,000, 1945

Hydrology by C.W.Cressler, 1973

EE-3~==E-3~~~E-3==c=~E-3~c=~0E-3~==t=====================~I MILE

0

I KILOMETRE

EE3~EE3~EE3~E3~~E3~=ic:============~

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 22.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, New England and vicinity, Dade County. For Explanation see page 48.

50

Base from U.S.Geological Survey

Hydrology by C.W.Cressler, 1973

Trenton, 1946

~~==~~==~~==~~==~~==~O============================~IMILE

E~~==E3~c=~E3~==E3~c=EE3~=i?====================~\KILOMETRE

CONTOUR INTERVAL20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 23.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, south Trenton, Dade County .. For Explanation see page 48.

51

3445'~--------------~~ Bose from U.S.Geologicol Trenton, 1946
CONTOUR INTERVAL20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL
Figure 24.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Rising Fawn and vicinity, Dade County.
52

Table 17.--Chemical analyses! of well water, Dade County.

Owner

Date

Water-

of

bearing

collection unit3

u.s. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962)
DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

B. Forrester

12-29-58

A

H. G. Hawkins

12-29-58

A

D. T. Brown Lumber Co. 12-29-58

B

o. Reeves

12-29-58

B

L. F. Shelton
L. c. Adams
L. L. Bridgeman
w. R. Fuller
L. Gray
w. H. Kimsey
L. R. Moore
w. w. Tinker
J. E. Tittle J. o. Veazey

10-27-11

B

12-29-58

c

12-29-58

c

12-29-58

c

12-30-58

c

12-29-58

c

12-30-58

c

12-29-58

c

12-29-58

c

12-3Q-58

c

Milligrams per litre

"U'~N .... 0 .-< ....
.... Ul
Ul ~

0"~QJ
H ""~ "

s
".... u~
.-<<11"U'
u~

"..s..
C/l QJ
0"0~00 :".'::<~:

~
.-<~
"o"' z"'
Ul ~

s
"....
C/l C/l
"'..,~
o0.." ~

.Q.,J
"0"'
.o~
1-< m
roo
..u.. u"'
.,~

.Q.,J
4"-<'.~,.
.-<0 ;j(ll
Ul ~

Hardness2 as Caco 3

Dissolved

.Q.,J

QJ
."."..' "o~
.-<.-<
..cu
u~

QJ
..".."0"..'
'""""~ ~"

.Q.,J .t."..O'z~'
z~

solids

QJ

,..".""..'
C/l QJ

s
"Ul

. "s
s ....
.... C/l QJ
" u
.-< 00
"' ""' u s

-""0e'
"u '
I
"z0

0 3

125

250

250 1 0 45 500

8.0 0.01 38 17

3.2

0.8 162 6.8

7.0 0.1 22

194

165

8.6 .03 63 16

1.8

. 2 253 3.4

5.5 .1 11

241

223

'

7.9 .08 74 6.2 6.0

2. 7 224 31

8.5 .1 2.4 260

210

13

- 118 37

7.5

1.6 475 28

36

.1 2

510

446

32

1.4

8 3.1 .660 - 476 227 1,394

-

.4 -

-

12

1.3

3.0 2.1 1.3

.8 24 3.4

1.8 .1 . 2 39

16

7.6 .05 4 1.6 1.0

.1 24

.6

6.8 -

.4 37

17

11

.12 54 3.8 1.7

. 6 181 4.8

1.5 .2 - 163

150

15

1.3

2 1.3 2.2

. 2 28 1.5

.8 -

-

32

10

8.9 .10 43 6.4 1.4

.3 150

. 5

3.0 .1 13

142

134

11

.4 19 1.6 1.4

.2 66 3.7

1.0 .1 . 5 60

54

5.5 . 09 21 2.8 1

.4 74 4.7

1.0 .1 . 4 76

64

13

.22 85 21 23

5.0 352 52

7.5 . 2 1.2 370

298

13

2.2

5 2.9 1.8

. 2 26 9.6

.2 .1 -

48

24

Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. Water having a CaC03 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, 11 Soft";
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and
more than 181 mg/1, "very hard". Water was sampled from wells tapping water-bearing units shown in figure 21.

Data from Croft (1964)

" 0
.-<
"P'. u0
15 7.9 7.6 7. 2 7.3
-
6.0 6.8 7. 7 7.5 7. 7 7.1 7. 7 7.4 6.3

Spring no.

Spring name or
owner

1 Sulphur Springs

2 Cedar Grove Forester Spring
3 Trenton

4 Shellmound Murphy Spring
5 Hooker
6 Sims Spring

e Estimated

Table 18.--Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs, Dade County.

Location
0. 82 mile NE. of Sulphur Springs Station, 0.08 mile east of Alabama line.
2.48 miles ESE. of Rising Fmm, 4.06 miles east of Alabama line.
0.76 mile N. of center of Rising
Fawn, 0.25 mile east of u.s.
Highway 11.
5.38 miles E. of Alabama line, 1.56 miles south of Tennessee line, east side of road.
1. 41 miles NNW. of New England,
1.53 miles west of u.s. High-
way 11.
1.22 miles NE. of New England,
0. 62 mile east of u.s. High-
way 11.

Date

Flow

Water-

measured

bearing

or estimated Mgal/d Gal/min unit

10-25-73

0.33

220

A

10-25-73 10-25-73

.065e

45

c

. 05e

35

B

10-25-73

--

5

B

10-25-73

.03e

20

B

10-25-73

dry

-- H

Remarks Flows into lake. Domestic supply. Unused . Unused. Enclosed. Unused. Feeds lake.

Table 19.--Chemical analyses 1 of spring water, Dade County.

Milligrams per litre

Spring no.

Name or owner

Date of
collection

Waterbearing
unit 3

"~
t) N
.... .... 0
...; .... til
til~

.0=...~.Q.J
H~

B
".... t)~
"' ...;
<llU
u~

.."B..
"Q'J
=~
"""" :".':: >~:

B
.-<~
.", "0 z
til~

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962) DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

0.3

125

.."B..

."""o.'.''

~
:.:

,.,~

.<.1.1
" " 0
"' .o~
<.u.. 0u0
.-<"'
"'~

.<.1.1
.'+".< ;~ o.;-
;:jtll
til~

250

....Q.,..J.

....Q.,..J.

... ... o~
...;...;
.cu
u~

0
..".; ~
~

250 1.0

<11 ...

.<.1.1
.'.."..".. ''z0~"'
z~

Hardness2

as Caco 3

Dissolved solids

..."<,.1.1
"'<11
"'

. "B
B.,..

~
til

".... "'QJ
t)
"' """" ...;
u B

.<.1.1
-."0"".. "'t)
I
"z0

t)

"" "'...

B
t)

t) ...

., QJ

""0 ""

"' t) 0

..::ii

".."..' t)

.0..
u

u ~

<1.1 f""' 0

t "l -l B~"N'

45 500

...
0 ...;
""'" u0
15

5

0. R. Haswell

12-29-58

8

City of Trenton

6- 3-59

7

M. Cureton

(Poplar Spring)

8-22-52

2

P. Forester

12-29-58

(Forester Spring)

B

8. 7 0.04 42 5.1 1.0

c

7.8 .02 45 4.7 .4

c

11

- 48 - -

c

4.5

0 04

6

.5

6 0

0.1 142 5.6 1.5 0.1 2.5 132 - 126 - -

50 157 4.6 1.5 -

50 143 - 132 - -

- 150 3.0 2.0 -

- 165 - 105 - -

50 18 3.6 1.2 -

.l 26 - 18 - -

7.6 7.4 -
7.7 -
6.8 -

Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. 2 Water having a CaC03 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, ''soft'';
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard 11 ; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and
more than 181 mg/1, "very hard". Water was sampled from springs that discharge from water-bearing units shown in figure 21.

Data from Croft (1964)

Site no.

Stream name

1 Lookout Creek

2 Pope Creek

3 Squirrel Town Creek
4 Lookout Creek

5 Lookout Creek

T TVA site

Table 20.--Sumrnary of streamflows, Dade County.

Gage type

Location

T Lat 3455', long 8524', 1 mile southeast of Wildwood.

T Lat 3456', long 8525', at county road, 1. 5 miles south of Wildwood.

T Lat 3455'' long 8528', at county road, 0.4 mile east of New England.

T Lat 3452', long 8530', at Ga. Highway 143, at Trenton.

T Lat 3441', long 8537', 0.5 mile northeast of Sulphur Springs station.

Drainage area
(sq mi)
165

Estimated average flow (Mgal/d)
181

Estimated 7-day,lO-year minimum flow
(Mgal/d)
10

Water use (1970)
(Mgal/d)

8.21

9.0

. 3

9.41

10

. 3

102

112

5.6

1.0

16.3

18

1.4

EXPLANATION

FLOYD COUNTY MAPS

w...

PRINCIPAL WATER-BEARING UNITS
Yields generally range from 5 to 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 1,000 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is dolomite and limestone. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses.

Yields generally are less than 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 500 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is limestone and bedded chert. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses. Water from lower part of unit may contain excessive iron.

Yields generally range from 0 to 20 gal/min. Yields as large as 50 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifers are sandstone, shale, limestone, mudstone, and bedded chert. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards except for excessive iron.

Yields generally are less than 20 gal/min; a few exceed 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 300 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is limestone or dolomite units interlayered with shale units. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards, although some contains excessive iron.

FAVORABLE WELL SITES-number indicates expected yield in gal/min.
e 1 As much as 50
3 As much as 1,000

.....o 8
...c> 7
...,.32

SPRINGS-numbers 1 to 16 indicate flows of less than 0.1 Mgal/d. Numbers 17 to 47 indicate flows of more than 0.1 Mgal/d. Number refers to tables 22, 23, and 24.
Unused
At least half of flow unused
Entire flow in use

GAGING STATIONS-number refers to tables 25 and 26
! 1 Low-flow partial record
A.3 Continuous record

57

.::.:.:.:.:1.
. . . . .I
... ...... .I
........

Bose from U.S.Geoloqicol Survey

5

0

Rome, 1958

5

0

5

5

10

10 MILES

Hydrology by C. W.Cressler1 1973

I
15 KILOMETRES

Figure 25.- Principal water-bearing units and location of springs and stream gaging stations, Floyd County. For Explanation see page 57.

58

Bose from U.S.Geological Survey

Hydrology by C.W.Cressler, 1973

Armuchee, 1968

0

I MILE

E3~~~=c~~~~C===============~

0

I KILOMETRE

EE-3=r~E3~~E-3~~~E3~~E3~~r====================:JI

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 26.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well site, Crystal Springs and vicinity, Floyd County. For Explanation see page 57.

59

Bast from U.S.Geolo9icat Survey

Hydrology by C.W.Cressler,l973

Armuchee, 1968 and Rome North, 1967

IE3~~~~~~~=I===0=============~I MILE

E3Hf9HE1 0
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

:KILOMETRE(]

Figure 27.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Armuchee and vicinity, Floyd County. For Explanation see page 57.
60

Base from U.S. Geolo9ico1 Survey Shannon, 1968

0
EE-3~~E3~C:EE3=r~E3~C:E3~0r=I=c:c:c:c:c:c:c:c:c:::JI KILOMETRE CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 28.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Shannon Hermitage area, Floyd County. For Explanation see page 57.

61

Fi.gure 29 .- PCraimncpi.gparol uwnadtearn-dbevaicr. mim~ tuyn, iFt laanyddlCocoautniotyn.o~~~v~:apbllaenawteilolnsi.steees,pla\1goerr5i7so.n 's
62

Ba.. from U.S.GealoQical Survey

Hydrology by C.W.Crellltr,l973

Shannon, 1968

IE:=c~==~~==~~==~~==c==OC===========================~IMILE

I

0

E3HHHHI

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

',"'o"""'O

Figure 30.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, northeast Rome and vicinity, Floyd County. For Explanation see page 57.
63

Base from U.S.Geological Survey Rome South 1'24,000, 1968
~ E3E3b ::HE3:::J::::I::::JH:=E3:c:::EH3:j~============:=::::J: KILOMETRE I MIG E
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL
Figure 31.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, south Rome and north Lindale area, Floyd County. For Explanation see page 57.
64

0
EE33:::JHEClE3EClH::::3C::EH3:::::J0cc::c::c::c::c::c::c::c::c::c:::::il KILOMETRE
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL
Figure 32.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, southeast Lindale and Silver Creek area, Floyd County. For Explanation see page 57.
65

34"o7'3o"~~~~::r..:...:..~:.:::llll.I.:L.:.L.IJ:i..:u:..:....::.~~~....:...=...:L!...J.:..L~w...:....:....:~L:L:...LI~::::....:....:.'..IL..I.~~~:.:.::..:::.:.~~ Bose from US.Geol09ico1 Survey Rome South, 1968
E~3:::::=::EE3:::::::C:::::::EE3:::3::::::::EE-----=t:::3::=:EE3::::::::r::::::i:?====================II MILE
E~3::::EH:::::r::::::EE33::1H:::r::::EE3ri?=============ill Kl LOM ETRE
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL
Figure 33.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Reeseburg and vicinity, Floyd County. For Explanation see page 57.

Bose from U.S. Geol09ical Survey Cedartown West, 1967

Hydroloqy by C.W.Cressler,l973

I E----=3

E3

0 &=3 I

Er-,=r~E3~~E3~C:EE3=r~E3~=io==================:=:J\KILOMETRE

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 34.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Cave Spring and vicinity, Floyd County. For Explanation see page 57.

67

Owner

Date

Water-

of

bearing

collection unit3

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962) DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

A. D. Simpson

2-20-62

A

Sand Sp.

2-20-62

c

Georgia Power Co. Bill McKellan
c. G. Wall
Willis Bros., Inc.

2-20-62

D

2-20-62

D

2-20-62

D

3-30-62

D

Table 21.--Chemical analyses 1 of well water, Floyd County.

Milligrams per litre

.,~
"' <.)
.... 0 ..-< .... .... Ul Ul ~

.......:~
0 Q)
H~

a
.,..:.l. u~
..-< "lU
u~

a
...:.l. (/)
.:~
"""" ., :>:
:.:~

a
.,..:.l. ~
"'oz
Ul ~

0.3 8.7 0.11 28

125 11 1.3

a
..~..
(/) (/)
...,. ~
0 ~
""~

..Q.,.)

" 0

.D...

~
m

"'.... u <llO <.)

"'~

....
.,~
.4--<< 0" :l Ul Ul ~

250

0.4 137 2.8

Q)
"..."....'

;.Q:..)

o~

0

...--<"" ....-<c.:.-u<
u~

:l~ ~

250 1 0 1.5 0.0

Hardness2

as CaC0 3

Dissolved solids

....,.

.....
.,~
.t... sz

.
.".~"..'
(/) Q)

"' z~

. a
a ..~.,
....:l (/) Q)

...D0".,.
<.)

., .", " a
:l Ul

<.)
"" ..-<
u 13

I
z 0

45 500

. .,..
<.)
.,"... a <.)

... <.)
~

..""'
" 0

""

<.) (/)

0

.......;.. :.0~..
u <.)

~ u

QJ r-1 0

"
Ul

"~a""''

...
0 ..-<
""'" u0
15

1.5

131 115 2 220 7.9

7.8

0 07 29

2.6 1.6

5 0

99 3.6

1.5 -

.1

97 83 2 170 7.6

13 8.0 1.3

.36 30 .10 30 0 07 16

2.4 4.6 19 7.6
3.2 1.8

5 0

93 10

50 172 5.2

5.3 76 .4

4.0 11
2.5

- 1.7
- 5.6
.1 1.0

119 85 9 190 7.4 169 153 12 320 7 0 7
75 53 - 120 7.0

13

0 07 20

1.9 2.8

.2

62

4 0

6.0 .1 15

103 58 7 154 7.0

Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. Water having a CaC03 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, "soft 11 ;
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and more than 181 mg/1, "very hard".
Water was sampled from wells tapping water-bearing units shown in figure 25.

Data from Cressler (1970)

Table 22.--Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs, Floyd County, that discharge more than 0.1 million gallons per day.

Spring

Spring name or
owner

17 Roy Williamson

Location
2.98 miles SW. of Cave Spring, N. side of U.S. Highway 411.

Date

Flow

Water-

measured

bearing

or estimated Mgal/d Gal/min unit

11-30-62

0.14e

100

D

Remarks

18 Old Mill Spring 19 Cave Spring

0.97 mile SSW. of Cave Spring. SE. part of Cave Spring.

20 W. D. Vann

2.6 miles WNW. of Coosa, 0.42 mile S. of Ga. Highway 20.

5-14-62

5. 0

3, 480

A

11-16-64

4. 8

3,240

10-11-50

2. 4

1,660

A

5-14-62

2.6

1,800

11-16-64

2. 5

1, 740

11- 9-61

.14e

100

Boils and seeps from large Public supply.

21

Central of Georgia 0.32 mile W. of Coosa, N. side

11-16-64

.1e

70

Railroad

of Ga. Highway 20.

22 Joe Early

0. 25 mile NE. of Coosa, N. side

11-16-64

3

200

of Ga. Highway 20.

Flows from pipe out of concrete box.
Domestic supply .

23 Rice Springs Farm 5.46 miles ENE. of Coosa, S. side of Ga. Highway 20.

24

Do.

5. 50 miles ENE. of Coosa, N. side of Ga. Highway 20.

. 6

420

1.0

700

Unused. Measured by Roberts Engineering Corp.
do.

25 Thomas Berry Estate 3.8 miles NNW. of Coosa, W. side of road.

11- 9-61

.14e

100

26 Beard Spring 27 Sand Spring

5. 25 miles NNE. of Coosa, W. side 10-17-50

1.0

700

of road.

10-18-64

.9

625

3. 7 miles NE. of Lavender Station, 11-18-64

.3

210

S. side of road.

28 Berry School

6.25 miles SW. of Armuchee, at Sand Springs Church.

10-24-61

.14e

100

29 Buffington Spring 2. 25 miles SW. of Crystal Springs, 10-16-50

2

140

S. side of road.

11-18-64

2e

140

30 H. B. Hansard

1.0 mile SSW. of Crystal Springs,

1Q- 2-6 7

.1e

70

W. side of road.

Used by 2 homes and dairy.

31 Pepperell Mfg. Co. In Lindale, Ga.

3- 9-64

.15e

100

D

32

Do.

do.

10-12-50

. 2

140

D

33

Do.

do.

3- 9-64

. 10e

70

D

34 Harry Marion Spring 3. 2 miles SW. of railroad crossing 10-11-50

1.3

in Lindale, 0.1 mile W. of road.

10-12-62

1.2

900

A

830

35 Wax Spring

0. 4 mile S. of the SE. corner of

11-16-64

. 9

Wax Lake, in woods.

625

A

36 Luther Johnson

1.3 miles SE. of Wax, 2.2 miles N. of Polk County line.

10-24-62

. 14e

100

A

37 J. R. Abrams

1.58 miles NNE. of Wax, 3.0 miles W. of Bartow County line.

1Q-24-62

14e

100

A

38 Dan H. Norton

4. 7 miles W. of Bartow County line, 10-12-62 S. bank of Etowah River.

.14e

100

A

39 Edwards Spring

3.92 miles SSW. of Hermitage, 3.67 10-12-50

7

miles W. of Bartow County line.

11-12-62

7

485

A

485

40 Youngs Mill Spring 4. 76 miles SE. of Hermitage, 0. 8

11- 7-50

2. 0

1, 390

A

mile N. of Ga. Highway 20.

11-12-62

2. 3

1,600

41 Morrison Camp Ground Spring

3.3 miles S. of Hermitage, 2.33 miles W. of Bartow County line.

10-12-50

1.6

1,100

A

11-18-64

1.6

1,100

42 Dempsey Brothers

2.31 miles WSW. of Hermitage, 0.6 10-25-61

.1e

Dairy

mile W. of Ga. Highway 53.

70

D

43 Dempsey Brothers Dairy

2. 31 miles WSW. of Hermitage, 0.6 mile W. of Ga. Highway 53.

1D-25-61

.1e

70

D

44

(Unknown)

45 Hermitage Spring

46 Girl Scouts of America
47 Arrowhead Spring

1. 56 miles SW. of Hermitage, 0. 7 mile E. of Ga. Highway 53.
At Hermitage.
1. 4 miles NNE. of Everett Springs, 0. 7 mile E. of road.
1. 7 miles N. of Floyd Springs, W. side of road.

10-26-61
10-26-61 1- 4-73
11-16-64
9-11-67

.1e

70

D

.14e

100

A

. 62

400

2

140

.46

320

Developed. Used by industry. Developed .
Discharges from several seeps over wide area. Supplies several homes . Furnishes 5 homes . Supplies dairy and 4 homes.
Seeps from large area. Flows into lake. Supplies Morrison Camp Ground for short periods. Used by dairy.
Used by milk processing plant.
Supplies 5 homes. Unused . Feeds Arrowhead Lake and fish hatchery.

e Estimated

69

Table 23.--Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs, Floyd County, that discharge less than 0.1 million gallons per day.

Spring no.

Spring name or
owner

(Unknown)

(Unknown)

M. S. Clay

4 Berry Schools

Do.

Do.

C. R. Smith

8 F. Masingal

Crystal Spring

10 Clyde Dunagan

11 Barton Spring

12 Boy Scouts of America

13 J. W. Blankenship

14 W. Simms

15 Russell Spring

16 H. Dawson

Location
2.52 miles SW. of Cave Springs, E. side of road.

Date

Flow

Water-

measured t----,,------1 bearing

or estimated Mgal/d Gal/min unit

4-30-63 0.04e

28

c

Remarks

3.93 miles WSW. of Lindale, S. side of road.
2.7 miles NW. of Coosa, N. side of railroad track.
6.55 miles NE. of Coosa, N. side of road.
4.97 miles SW. of Armuchee, at Berry Academy.

4-30-63 11- 9-61 10-23-61 10-23-61

.o5e .07e .07e .07e

35

A

50

c

50

c

50

c

Reported to go dry.

4.08 miles SW. of Armuchee, W. of road intersection.
4.99 miles SW. of Crystal Springs, N. of road.

10-23-61 10- 9-61

.07e .07e

50

c

50

c

Stock supply. Domestic supply.

3.89 miles SW. of Crystal Springs, S. side of road.

lo- 9-61

.07e

50

c

In Crystal Springs, N. bank of Little Armuchee Creek.
1.69 miles N. of Everett Springs, W. bank of Johns Creek.

10-11-61 10-11-61

.05e .03e

35

B

21

c

2.77 miles NNE. of Everett Springs, E. of road.
Camp Sidney Dew, 2.89 miles NNE. of
Everett Springs, 1.2 miles w. of
Gordon County line.

10-11-61
10-11-61 12-10-70

. 04e
.05e .02e

28

c

35

c

14

Stock water Enclosed, but rarely used.

2.75 miles NNW. of Hermitage, S. of road.
2.70 miles SW. of Hermitage, E. side of road.

10-25-61 10-24-61

. 07e .07e

50

c

50

c

1.15 miles SW. of Hermitage, E. side of road.

10-12-50

.06

40

A

2.53 miles NNE. of Hermitage, E. side of road.

10-26-61

.05e

35

D

e Estimated

Table 24.--Chemical analyses 1 of spring water, Floyd County.

Milligrams per litre

Spring no.

Name or owner

Date of
collection

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962) DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

Waterbearing
unit 3

("J '~N
..... 0
"' .-< ....
.....
"'~

"'0"~
... r..
H~
0.3

13
..;.:..l
u~
"' .-<
"'U
u~

13
..;.:..l
""''," b;O.~ b:O
:.:~
125

13
..~... ~ '0o z"'
"'~

."..'

13
...~..
"'""''
o:.: ..,~
""~

""'0

..0..
.."u... '

~
0 u;,";'

"'~

'.H""..''~...
.-<O "~'"'~

250

.'.."0....'.
o~
..-c<.u-<
u~

.'.."0.....'
0
;:l~
.-<r..
r..~

250 1.0

Hardness2 "'(J ...

.".. "'"' as CaC03

13
(J

Dissolved

solids

"'...
.'.."..-... ''z0~"'
z~

"~ '
.'.0...
."".:''

~
"'

13
.13 ..~ ...
..;.:..l "' (J "' .-< bO
"' ""'u 13

."..'
""'
0
..0..
"'(J
I
"z0

(J ~

...

'0
0 "

""'"

"'(J 0

!iii

'..H... .0.. ~

(J <JU

dl .-1 0

P.I3U"\

o:r~N

45 500

...
0 .-<
"";,; u0
15

19 Cave Spring

3-13-59)

A

7.7 0.04 25 12 0.4

-

136 2.4 o.s - 0.7 - 126 112 - 208 7.9 -

19

Do.

3-30-62

A

9.2 .03 27 10 1.1 0.5 130

-

1.0 0.2 .3 - 128 109 2 210 7.5 -

34 Harry Marion Spring

3-30-62

A

7.8 .09 30 9.2 1.2

.6 134

.4 1.5 2 1.0 - 140 113 3 218 7. 7 -

35 Wax Spring

3-20-63

A

6.7 .11 18 7.8 .8

. 4

93

.4 1.0 .1 .9 -

96 77 1 141 7. 3 -

41 Morrison Camp Ground Spring

3-21-62

A

6.6 .05 15 4.0 1.0

.6

65

. 8 1.0 . 2 . 4 -

82 54 - llO 7.3 -

18 Old Mill Spring

3-20-63

A

7.7 . 01 22 9.5 .7

.4 ll2 1.2 1.0 .1 . 3 - 100 94 2 163 7.4 -

44 (Unknown)

3-30-62

A

8.0 .12 31 7.9 1.2

.4 130 2.0 1.0 .1 .2 - 128 110 4 210 7.5 -

28 Berry School

3-30-62

c 14

.11 15 3.5 2.5 1.0

60 7.2 2.0 .2 .1 -

73 52 3 ll9 6.9 -

22 Joe Early

3-30-62

c

8.2 . 07 26 2. 7 1.5

. 3

88 3.2 1.0 .1 -

-

96 76 4 -

7.4 -

46 Girl Scouts of America

3-30-62

c

7.1 .03 11 .5 1.1

. 7

36

. 8 1.5 .2 .1 -

54 30 - 66 7.0 -

Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. Water having a Caco 3 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, "soft";
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and more than 181 mg/1, "very hard". Water was sampled from springs that discharge from water-bearing units shown in figure 25.

Data from Cressler (1970)

Table 25.--Summary of streamflows, Floyd County.

Site no.

Stream name

Gage type

Location

Drainage area
(sq mi)

Estimated average flow (Mgal/d)

Estimated 7-day,lO-year minimum flow
(Mgal/d)

Water use (1970)
(Mgal/d)

1 Woodward Creek

M Lat 2428', long 8502', at Ga.

12

11

1.9

Highway 53, 4 miles northeast

of Shannon.

2 Armuchee Creek

M Lat 3422', long 8509', at county

225

218

17

road, 2 miles southeast of

Armuchee.

3 Oostanaula River

c Lat 3418', long 8508', 4.5 miles

2,120

2,250a

320a

10

north of Rome, and 6.5 miles down-

stream from Armuchee Creek.

4 Etowah River

c Lat 3411', long 8510', at Southern 1,810
Railway bridge, at Rome.

1,840b

370b

5 Dykes Creek

PR Lat 3416 1 , long 8505'' at county

14.8

14

1.7

toad, 0.2 mile north of Ga. High-

way 20, and 5 miles east of Rome.

-l

6 Coosa River

c Lat 3412', long 8515', at Mayos

4,040

4,200b

860b

t-:l

Bar Lock and Dam, 6 miles south-

west of Rome.

7 Silver Creek

PR Lat 3411', long 8510', at county

24

21

5.6

road, at Silver Creek.

8 Cedar Creek

M Lat 3408', long 8518', at U.S.

161

145

41

Highway 411, 2.5 miles northeast

of Cave Springs.

9 Little Cedar Creek M Lat 3408', long 8520', at county

28

26

16

road, 1.8 miles north of Cave

Springs.

10

Do.

M Lat 3407', long 8520', at U.S.

25

23

16

Highway 411, at Cave Springs.

11

Do.

M Lat 3406', long 8520'' at county road, at Cave Springs.

12 Tributary to

M Lat 3406', long 8520', at foot-

Little Cedar Creek

bridge, 75 ft above mouth, at Cave

Springs.

C Continuous record M Miscellaneous site PR Low-flow partial-record

-

-- --

18

17

8.4

s.s

5.0

4.3

a Based on continuous daily flow, 1940-68. b Based on continuous daily flow, 1951-66.

Table 26.--Chemical analyseslof streams, Floyd County.

Milligrams per litre

Date

~::~

o-....

.. bO

rl"

I "' Discharge
I I Time (ft 3/s)

~
.-<
..,"'~
00<
E-<~

"'Cll "~ '
rn~
bO.-<
~--
a " "' bO ~
.-<
." ., ~~
o:>:
E-<~

-;
u
"0 ~
>"' a
~ ~
u 0 rl
Cll
"r''l""'
"' u

I Cll
"'~
bO
~
"0
>.-"<';>b~O: o~
"'"r'l a~
"'rl

~
~~
"00 z"
"'~

a
~ rl Cll Cll
"..,~
0"'
""~

..,0>-.
-H m
..~ .. 0 u
.r-n<"u'
.""-'<"'
<:"

."".,''~
"~ "' 0j
"~'"'~

."'"0
r'
c~
..-c<.-u<
u~

Cll
~~ ~z
o.~

...,"..,r,'.

l

.".,'
"..',

M .-1
z"

3
"""' .... bO

;;::
~
."~ '

."'.-<
..0
.".,'
.-< rl

.0c ""' ~"'

0" .0.
!~

""' .-<""
.o.. .c0
E-< 0.

.."-,<r"<"0'
E0-< H"'

"'I ~
.-<"O .,., rl
" "' ""' Cll
0 ..
.".,..",' "'..,<0..0
0 H E-<..,

.ugI .-g0;

~ 0
0u .u.

""' '~
. " """0':>b:O
<OU "'~

u :>r:'
r'~
"'""',..l a;
u u
""'."."~,

.o.c, ;;
"'"'o.~

a

~

..."~.',

~
u

.. .""<'l'o"b"O'

"'"'8 "'
E-<~

..c ,, ~ .o.c,
"'rl
~ ".-,"<....~".,,
c ~0.."o u0 u

~
"bO'
X 0
"0
>"'
.-<~
"0~
...... "r'l :>bO:
"'~

c
"bO'
;>X o~
.-< ~--
"u' ;.b:O
.,..~
a
<ll"O
.0uc ""s
r'"'
"'""

e
0
""'
~
0
"
..,~
&"""~ ~'

SITE 3 - Figure 25. Oostanaula River near Rome.

-l

CJJ

1-29-73 1250 5,910

1,400 70

1.9

36

2.7 0.27 0.05 0.10

40 100 7.0 20 100 10.6 l.O 2,300

7-16-73 1245 3,290

750 60

4.6

38

4.8 34 .03 31

36 llO 7.3

5 5.1 1.1 3,900

SITE 4 - Figure 25. Etowah River at Rome.

1-29-73 ll20 2,060 7-16-73 1515 1,270

180 <50

58

. 39 .02 .04

68

.31 <.02 .02

60 135 70 155

6.4 9.5 so 10.5
8.0 23.0 5 8.0

.s 15,000
.5 1,500

SITE 6 - Figure 25. Coosa River near Rome.
1-29-73 1415 7,940 7-16-73 1400 4,750

42

. 30 .OS .09

49

.25 .04 .22

42 llO
so 130

7.2 7.0 125 10.5 l. 2 93,000
7.9 26.0 10 s.o 1.1 43,000

SITE 7 - Figure 25. Silver Creek near Lindale.

6-16-73 0930

<100 <50 24

12

.s 0.4 108 <2.0 l.O .24 <.02 <.02 138

Analyses by Georgia Dept. of Natural Resources.

5 106 210 7.8 17.0 5 9.1 .2 1,500

EXPLANATION

GORDON COUNTY MAPS

w.. . .

PRINCIPAL WATER-BEARING UNITS
Yields generally range from 5 to 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 1,000 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is dolomite and limestone. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses.

Yields generally are less thah 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 500 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is limestone and bedded chert. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses. Water from lower part of unit may contain excessive iron.

Yields generally range between 0 to 20 gal/min. Yields as large as 50 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifers include shale, limestone, siltstone, sandstone, bedded chert, and phyllite. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards, although water from phyllite and shale commonly contains excessive iron.

Yields generally are less than 20 gal/min; a few exceed 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 300 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is limestone or dolomite units interlayered with shale units. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards, although some contains excessive iron.

Yields generally range from 0 to 30 gal/min. Yields as large as 100 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifers include quartzite, graywacke, phyllite, slate, granite, and other metamorphic and igneous rocks. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards except for water from phyllite and slate, which commonly contains excessive iron and manganese.

FAVORABLE WELL SITES-number indicates expected yield in gal/min. el As much as 50 .2 As much as 500 .3 As much as 1,000

--o 7
~ 29
..,.. 12

SPRINGS-numbers 1 to 23 indicate flows of less than 0.1 Mgal/d. Numbers 24 to 35 indicate flows of more than 0.1 Mgal/d. Number refers to tables 28, 29, and 30.
Unused
At least half of flow unused
Entire flow in use

GAGING STATIONS-number refers to tables 31 and 32
! 8 Low-flow partial record
A 4 Continuous record

74

8500'

3430' I ~ 1t

t ~'t l \ :A'

{JM r: "..J" IN~

J

J" - I

~

,c I I I !!If l \

I 34 30'

-J Ol

8500'

Base from U.S. Geological Survey

Rome, 1958

5

0

5

0

5

5

10

84-45' 10 MILES
15 KILOMETRES

Hydrology by C.W.Cressler, 1973

Figure 35.-Principal water-bearing units and location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Gordon County.

Base from U.S.Geola9i col Survey

Su9or Valley, 1967

IEe--3=3::=Ee--3=3::=:e--3:::~~~::e--3:::~~::3F""""iEC:~::E:r::=~==~Or:C:=C0:~=C:~=C:~=C:=C:~=C:=C:=C:~=C:===========::::i=l=K=LI =O=M=E=T=R=E===IMILE

E3E3AHt==1
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS

0

DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 36.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Sugar Valley and vicinity, Gordon County. For Explanation see page 74.

76

8455'

34"3d ........."""~"'"
Base from U.S. Geological Survey Calhoun North 1'24,000, 1972

0

I MILE

1 EE3=c~f+3:i~E3~~E3E:c=EE3~~o============~~K~I=Lo~M~E~T~R~E

HHHHHI

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 37.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, north Calhoun and vicinity, Gordon County. For Explanation see page 74.

77

Bose from U.S.Geoloqicol Survey Redbud lo24,000, 1972
IEE3~~E3~~~E3~c=EE3~~E3~~0~=0=========~1~K~IL~O~M~E~T~R2IEMILE
HHHHHI
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL
Figure 38.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Redbud and vicinity, Gordon County. For Explanation see page 74.
78

Base from U.S. Geological Survey
Calhoun South, 1972
IEE:-3::=c==~E:-3===c==~E--3==~==~E--3==3C==~E0--3===c==i===================================~I MILE EE-3~~E3==C:EE-3~~E3==C:EE0-3~:i======================I KILOMETRE
CONTOUR INTERIAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FDOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL
Figure 39.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Lilly Pond and vicinity, Gordon County. For Explanation see page 74.
79

Base from U.S. Geological Survey Calhoun South 1'24,000, 1972

Hydrology by C. W.Cressler, 1973

IEE33C~E3E3~F3~~E3~~F3=c=o1~==============~=;JiMILE

Eb:r:::EH3:JA3::EH:r::::EA3::J9=========:::::1i Kl LOMETRE

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

GJ

Figure 40.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Blackwood and vicinity, Gordon County. For Explanation see page 74.

80

3427'30"
Hydrology by C w. Cressler, 1973 CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL
Figure 41.- Principal water-bearing unit and location of favorable well sites, Farmville and vicinity, Gordon County. For Explanation see page 74. 81

0

Base from U.S. Geological Survey

Hydrology by C. W.Cressler, 1973

Fairmount, 1972

E~==~~E=3===c==EE=3==~~E=3===c==~E=3==~==0C===============================~IMILE

i=~:=r:=:Ea:::r::=:EH3:=::EH::3=::EH::3=io==========JI K1LOMETRE

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 42.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well site. Fairmount, Gordon County. For Explanation see page 74.

82

Base from U.S. Geological Survey Plainville, 1968

Hydrology by C. W. Cressler, 1973

I

0

I MILE

rcoNnUR~TERVAL 0 E-=3E:~c=~~===r==:E~===c==~~===r==:E~===c==~==================================::J

E3::::E3:::::E:L::::E:r:=ECOC========jl KILOMETRE

E3 E3

20 FEET

DATUM ISM EAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 43.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well site, Plainville and vicinity, Gordon County. For Explanation see page 74.

83

Owner

Date

Water-

of

bearing

collection unit 3

u.s. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962)
DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

M. D. McDaniel

3-25-63

A

F. F. Waldrop

11- 5-63

B

Max Banister
J. w. Beal
Carlton Poarch
o. Rickett

11-18-64

c

11-16-64

c

11-15-64

c

11- 5-63

c

Roy Chadwick

11- 4-63

D

City of Fairmount

9-30-58

0

Do.

11-16-64

D

J. L. Owens

11- 6-63

D

Table 27.--Chemical analyses 1 of well water, Gordon County.

Milligrams per litre

"<J '~N .... 0 ..-< ....
.... til
til~

o:~
0 Q)
H ""~ "

s
..~..
<J~
"'..-<
"'u
u~

s
..~..
<Jl Q)
o:~ 01)01)
;":';.::.~:

s
..~.. ~
"'"otl z
til~

.Q...)
"0"'
.c~
>< m
"'0
<JU .... 0:: "'~

.,
.".t..l
"o~
...-c<..u-<
u~

Hardness 2

as CaC0 3

Dissolved

.,
....

solids

s
s"' -~

-0""e'

r~-i <<1J.1l

"C')

<J 0:

I

..-<Oil "
u"' s"' z0

0 3

125

250

7.9 0.5 42 ln

1.5 1.3 200 2.4

250 1 0 45 500
2.6 0.1 5.8 - 179 172 8 312

13

. 42 75

3.2 2.8

. 2 230 8.0 10

2 - 226 225 200 12 375

11

.18 11

3.5 . 7 1.5

46 2.2

. 9 .4 . 7 -

55 42 4 86

19

. 34 68 11 14

. 3 208 55

7.0 . 6 - - 277 216 46 430

16

.18 141

8.8 9.5

. 3 436 16

22

.1 10

- 439 388 30 745

20

-

1.6 1.5 1.2 2.3

16 -

1.8 . 3 3.0 46 40 10 - 42

8.6 -

32

2.2 1.6

. 2

99 .4

3.0 . 2 4.6 106 102 89 8 120

9.9 .05 64

3.0 7.0

.6 200 5.6 16

.1 11 213 216 172 8 376

7.7 .19 56 11 14

.4 216 11

6.0 . 4 4.9 - 217 183 6 370

8.1 .08 34

8.3 1.0

. 2 126' 13

1.5 . 3 . 2 130 129 119 16 223

.
0 ..-< 0
u
15 7.6 5 7.9 5
6.9 -
7.6 5
7.6 -
6.5 5 7.3 5 7.9 4 7.6 7.4 5

Chemical analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. Water having a CaC0 3 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, "soft";
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and more than 181 mg/1, "very hard". Water was sampled from wells tapping water-bearing units shown in figure 35.

Data from Cressler (1974)

Table 28.--Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs, Gordon County, that discharge more than 0.1 million gallons per day.

Spring no.

Spring name or
owner

Location

Date

Flow

Water-

measured r------.--------~bearing

or estimated Mgal/d Gal/min unit

Remarks

24 Johnson Spring

1. 75 miles N. of Curryville, N. side of county road.

25 Georgia Cumberland 3.25 miles NE. of Curryville, E.

Academy

side of Oostanaula River.

10-29-50 2. 4

1, 670

B

11- 5-69 1. 2

830

7-23-65

.14

97

B

Pool spring.

26 Billy Muse 27 Blue Spring

E. of Ga. Highway 143, 1.2 miles NW. of Sugar Valley.
3.3 miles NNE. of Sugar Valley, just N. of county road on Blue Springs Creek.

10- 8-67

.42

11- 5-69

.4e

290

B

280

c

Domestic supply.

28 City of Calhoun

1.0 mile NNE. of center of Calhoun, 12-18-70

.1

N. side of Ga. Highway 156.

70

A

Unused.

29 BPOE Elks Club

3. 7 miles NE. of center of Calhoun, 11- 5-69

. 3

200

A

Enclosed. Fills swimming

00

0.12 mile N. of Ga. Highway 225.

Ol

pool.

30 Amacanada Spring

2.95 miles ESE. of center of

10-29-50

7

480

A

Fish hatchery.

Calhoun.

11- 5-69

.8e

550

31 Blackwood Spring

4.1 miles SE. of Calhoun, N. side

12-18-70

.1

of Ga. Highway 53.

70

A

Feeds lake.

32 Roe's Spring (Crane Eater)

2.85 miles E. of I-75, S. side of Ga. Highway 156.

10-26-50 3.7

2,600

A

10-22-54 1.5

1,000

1-14-69 1.5

1,000

11- 5-69 1.7

1,180

33 Dew's Spring (Big Spring)

0.95 mile SW. of Cash, upper end of Dew's Lake.

4-15-49 4.5

3,100

A

4-19-49 4.5

3,100

11- 5-69 6.0

4,200

Feeds lake.

34 A. W. Hufstetler

7.48 miles S. of center of Calhoun, 11- 5-69

.59

2.1 miles W. of I-75.

410

A

e Estimated

Table 29.--Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs, Gordon County, that discharge less than 0.1 million gallons per day.

Spring no.

Spring name or
owner

L Howard Duvall

Location

Date

Flow

Water-

measured

bearing

or estimated Mgal/d Gal/min unit

2. 9 miles NW. of Sugar Valley, w.
side of road.

7-20-65 0. Ole

10

B

Remarks Domestic supply.

2 Mrs. R. A. Brown
3 o. c. Holsomback

2. 7 miles NW. of Sugar Valley, E. side of road.
2.4 miles NNW. of Sugar Valley, on Snake Creek.

7-20-65 7-20-65

.Ole .Ole

10

B

10

B

do. Unused.

4 Billy Muse

NW. part of Sugar Valley, E. bank

7-20-65

.Ole

10

B

do.

of Snake Creek.

5 J. M. Able

3.2 miles ENE. of Curryville, E. side of road.

7-21-65

Ole

10

B

Domestic supply .

6 Wesley Smith

2. 0 miles ENE. of Curryville, s.

7-21-65

.02e

14

B

do.

and John Milan

of Ga. Highway 156.

7 Prater Baxter 8 Hugh Prather 9 James Beamer

2. 4 miles NE. of Plainville, E. side of Ga. Highway 53.
1. 95 miles W. of I-75, o. 5 mile
N. of Bartow County line.
1. 75 miles ssw. of Calhoun, E.
side of road.

9- 8-65 9- 2-65 9-16-65

.Ole .Ole . 02e

10

D

10

A

14

c

Unused. Domestic supply.
do.

10 Lum Moss

5. 8 miles NE. of Calhoun, 1.4

6-14-65

.Ole

10

c

do.

miles N. of Ga. Highway 156, w.

side of road.

11 Jessie Cox

3.6 miles ESE. of Calhoun, E. side

7- 7-66

.Ole

10

A

do.

of road.

12 J. R. Fain

4. 57 miles SE. of Calhoun, 0.12

7- 7-66

Ole

10

A

do.

mile N. of Ga. Highway 53.

13 Gardner Spring

0.4 mile E. of I-75, 1.7 miles N.

9-15-65

.03

20

c

do.

of Bartow County line.

14 Paul Hogan

4. 4 miles E. of I-75, 0.2 mile N.

9-16-65

.Ole

10

A

do.

of Bartow County line.

15 Henry West

4.9 miles E. of I-75, 0.75 mile

9-16-65

.Ole

10

c

do.

N. of Bartow County line.

16 E. T. Sheppard

2.1 miles ESE. of Senoraville.

7-11-66

.Ole

10

c

do.

17 Robert Ellis

1.7 miles E. of Senoraville, s.

7-13-66

.Ole

10

c

do.

side of Ga. Highway 53.

18 Arthur Henson

1. 5 miles E. of Cash, N. side of road.

19

s. H. Leatherwoods 1. 45 miles SE. of Oakman.

20 Charles Owens 21 Charlie Foster

1. 6 miles SE. of 'oakman.
0. 8 mile s. of Ranger, N. side
of road.

7-14-66 7-20-66 2-20-66 7-20-66

. Ole .Ole . Ole .Ole

10

c

10

c

10

G

10

c

do.
Domestic supply. ~o.ent dry in 1925. Domestic supply .
do.

22 Fred McDuffie

3. 8 miles SE. of Ranger, 0. 97

7-15-66

.Ole

10

G

do.

mile W. of Pickens County line.

23 Whittemore Spring W. part of Oakman.

7-15-66

. Ole

10

c

Domestic supply .

Estimated

86

"

Table 30.--Chemical analysesl of spring water, Gordon County.

Milligrams per litre

Spring I
no.

Name or owner

Date
I colleocf tion

Waterbearing
unit 3

""~N
.< 0 ..... .< .< Ul Ul ~

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962) DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

0"~<ll H '"r~ -.
0.3

El
~
.<
"'"~
..<...1!U
u~

El
~
-"~~:::-
bO bO ;:(:Elj: .:_:E.:.

I E~rl-1-. z "t:l tU 0 U) ._..

125


.<
<I)
<I)
."..' ~
0~ o..~

.".. " '
.0 ~
'<"1!0"'
<JU .<"'
.,~

.<.l.l "' " "'~
.-<O
~Ul Ul ~

250

<ll ...

.",""., ..'o .".. ~ ..,
..cu
u~

<ll
"".<
'0"
.~ -.r~ -.
r-.~

.<.l.l

'""'~

'.<

'

0z"'

z~

Hardness2

as CaC03

Dissolved solids

. El ~

.<..ll
""'
0 .0

<ll ~
".<" "'<ll
"'

g
Ul

"' El.<
.~< <ll
.u.""...' """E'"l

""'"I' "z0

."~"~..

""E'l '"

""" "" <ll
0

""0'

.:::ii

.. .,.,0 "'
,...j

~ 0 -

" "u

""""' Ul ~"'

""'"

..'0."..
u 0

250 1.0 45 500

15

28 City of Calhoun

3-12-59

A 8.6 0.11 22 12 1.4

.o 127 2.4 1.5 .o 3.0 120 114 104 0 200 8.2 3

00

-.1

33 Dews (Big) Spring

6- 9-37

A

5.8

- .02 26 15 1.0 0.6 150 2.7 1.5 .o 2.8 128 129 126 -

--

Do.

3-25-65

A

7.8

.18 32 8.8 . 9 1.0 140

. 4 1.7 .1 1.9 - 124 116 2 219 7.2 0

29 Elks BPOE Club

2-19-62

A

9.4

.30 27 11 1.3 1.0 132

.8 1.5 .1 1.6 118 119 112 4 210 7.4 2

34 Hufstetler Spring

2- 6-67

A

8.8

. 06 26 13

. 7

. 8 141

.4 1.5 .1 1.3 116 122 118 3 220 7.1 0

32 Roe (Crane Eater) Spring

3-25-65

A

7.3

. 06 26 8.5 1.3

.8 118 1.2 2.5 . 2 3.7 - 109 100 4 193 7.2 5

24 Johnson Spring

3-25-65

B

6.3

.05 11

.1 . 8

.7

32 3.0 1.5 . 2 .1 -

40 28 2 61 7.2 5

-

--~

Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey.

Data from Cressler (1974)

Water having a CaC0 3 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, "soft"; 61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and

more than 181 mg/1, 11 very hard 11

Water was sampled from springs that discharge from water-bearing units shown in figure 35.

Table 31.--Summary of streamflows, Gordon County.

Site no.

Stream name

Gage type

Location

Drainage area
(sq mi)

Estimated average flow (Mgal/d)

Estimated 7-day,lO-year minimum flow
{Mgal/d)

Water use (1970)
(Mgal/d)

1 Johns Creek

M Lat 3426', long 8506', at Ga.

34

33

3.9

Highway 156, 1 mile west of

Curryville.

2 Snake Creek

M Lat 3433', long 8501', at county

12

11

1.0

road, at Sugar Valley.

3 Oothkalooga Creek PR Lat 3430', long 8458', at Ga.

66

59

14

Highway 53, at Calhoun.

4 Oostanaula River

c Lat 3435', long 85 56', at U.S.

1,610

1,780a

209a

9.0

Highway 41, at Resaca.

5 Coosawattee River

c Lat 3435', long 8452', at Pine

856

932b

173b

00

Chapel, 5 miles east of Resaca.

00

6 Pinhook Creek

M Lat3428', long 84 43'' at u.s.

16.5

15

. 6

Highway 411, 2.2 miles north of

Fairmount.

7 Sallacoa Creek

M Lat 3426', long 8443', at Ga.

50.8

46

1.0

Highway 53, 0.8 mile west of

Fairmount.

8 Pine Log Creek

M Lat 3427', long 8448', at Ga.

99.2

87

16

Highway 53, 0.9 mile east of

Sonoraville.

9

Do.

M Lat3426', long 84 46', at county

65.7

57

9.7

road, 2 miles southeast of

Sonoraville.

10 Cedar Creek

M Lat 3426', long 8448', at county

28.1

24

4.1

road, 1.5 miles south of

Sonoraville.

C Continuous record M Miscellaneous PR Low-flow partial-record

a Based on continuous daily flow, 1893-1968. b Based on continuous daily flow, 1939-68.

Table 32.--Chemical analyses 1 of streams, Gordon County.

Milligrams per litre

Date

Discharge
Time (ft 3/s)

"o;-:..:.;.
..M".. "3' "'<11~
'o-' r..
f.;~

","""'''
b<l1)..1-..<~.. .."<.1.1 '2"'
"<11~
'0-' :>:
f.;~

~ u

"0 ~

..>"..'

s
~

,0 ....
"'<...J.

.... <11

"' <J

I
""""~'''
"0 cu~
~~ o~
."."".'.'' ..a~..

s
~ .-<~
"o0 z<11
(/}~

s
..~..
...~""'' ~
0"' ~

>,
.'.-..'

."... 0u

.... <11

u<11

.-<."..' "'<11

"'.'.<-..'11_~,.
.-<0 ~(/} (/}~

."."0..' ."o ....~ ...
..cu
u~

..."'.~ -<~ z ~
"'"' .'.-..' '<-11' " " '-' '-'
r-1.-1
z "

t,

.."..'
.0 <11

3
""' ..<..11"'
" 0
0~ .;"::
< "

"~ ' "..0c
.... p. <11"'
'o-'..c0
f.; p.

...'..."-......' "~' '""""<11.-<
'-'"'
f0. ; ""'

.",'I
....

~

"' r-lr-1
....
""'0 " "......"..'
<11.0 '-' <11

f0. ; ' -" '

""~' '~~
"0
= ""<'~ 1u1

I ~

<J 0

~..c

"" a

" 0

.... 0<J "<J

......u......:

>:
~
"'

<J <J

""'"""' (/} '-'

~
.'.-..'
"...=~ ~

"'" ~u ~
'-' <11"'
f""""s."''"; """"~ ''''

a
~
..".. ~"'
" '<-1' 1.'--<'
t....,~

,., .'.-..'

.-0<.O<11

u 0

0 <J

""">'', "0 '
"0
..O,>"..' ..-~ .<... "...'":>:'
o~

""">'', .."o .'...~ .......
..~.. ~ ~
5
.."."0u...''c"""s"<""11'

s

....."0.......

0

<J

a....
<11

~ z

r..~

SITE 4 - Figure 35. Oostanaula River at Resaca.

1-31-73 1000 7-17-73 0745

3,220

600 70

2,410 2,900 130

3.1

35

3.4 0.20 <0.02 0.24

1.8

27

5.0 .26 .03 .16

36 98 7. 3 5.0 10 11.2 1.4 15,000

18 73 6.9 23.0 60

6.4 .8 2,300

00
(.0

SITE 5 - Figure 35. Coosawattee River at Pine Chapel.

6-16-71 1415

795

350 <50 5.6 2.0 1.5 1.0 18 5.0 2.0 .16 <.02 <.02 52 27 21 60 7.1 25.0 10

7.3 .4 430

SITE 7 - Figure 35. Salacoa Creek at Fairmount.

6-16-71 1300

400 <50 6.1 1.6 1.8 1.2

22 4.0 1.8 . 20 <.02 <.02 54

20 59 7.2 22.0 10

7.8 . 7 210

SITE 8 - Figure 35. Pine Log Creek at Sonoraville.

6-16-71 1330

450 <50 32 9.2 1.5 1.9

Ananlyses by Georgia Dept. of Natural Resources.

21 6.0 2.8 .68 <.02 .04 154

35 109 227 7.1 22.0

.5 7.0 . 7 430

EXPLANATION

MURRAY COUNTY MAP

PRINCIPAL WATER-BEARING UNITS

w ....

Yields generally range from 2 to 25 gal/min. Yields as large as 500 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is dolomite and limestone. Water quality generally meets drinking-

water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses.

Yields generally range from 0 to 20 gal/min. Yields as large as 100 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifers include sandstone, mudstone, shale, siltstone, limestone, and bedded chert. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards, except for excessive iron.

~ Yields generally are less than 20 gal/min; a few exceed 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 300 ~ gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is limestone or dolomite units inter-
layered with shale units. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards, although some contains excessive iron.

Yields generally range from 0 to 30 gal/min. Yields as large as 100 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifers include quartzite, graywacke, phyllite, slate, granite, and other metamorphic and igneous rocks. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards except for water from phyllite and slate, which commonly contains excessive iron and manganese.

FAVORABLE WELL SITES-number indicates expected yield in gal/min

1

As much as 200

2

As much as 500

SPRINGS-number refers to tables 34 and 35 Unused At least half of flow unused Entire flow in use

GAGING STATIONS-number refers to tables 36 and 37 Low-flow partial record Continuous record

90

Base from U.S.Geological Survey Rome, 1958

5

0

5

10 MILES

~ ~ I~ Ll_....L__-fi--,--'TI-,r'l-,--+t-----,------'-I--,-------,......JI

II 0

1

10

KILOMETRES

Hydrology by C. W.Creuler,l973

Figure 44.-Principal water-bearing units and location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Murray County.

91

Bose from U.S.Geologicol Survey Chotaworth, 1972

IEE-3~==EE-3==c=~~==~~E-3==~=EE-3~==~========================~:MILE

I

0

I KILOMETRE

EE33C~E3=c~E3~~E3~EE33CII==============~I

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 45.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Fashion and vicinity, Murray County. For Explanation see page 90.

92

Base from U.S. Geological Survey

Hydrolo9y by C.W. Cressler, 1973

Chatsworth, 1972

EE--3==~=:Ee=-3===c=:~E--3===c=:~E--3==~==~E--3~~===0C==:=:=:=:=:=:=:=:=:==============~I MILE

EE-3~~E3~C:EE=3~~E3~C:EE3~=io=====================JIKILOMETRE

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 46.- Principal water-bearing unit and location of favorable well sites, Spring Place and vicinity, Murray County. For Explanation see page 90.

93

84 52'30" 34 3 7' 30" --+r---rT"T""""M""llW....,..,'Fm't<77.i""'-!':'?':=~~~~:"''""'~

[]

Bose from U.S. Geological Survey Redbud, 1972

Hydrology by C.W. Crelller,l973

0

I MILE

~~===e==3E=~==~F+-3E=~==~e==3==~==~e==3==~==~================================~

E~~~E3~~F-3~==E3~c=EE3~=io==================:=j\KILOMETRE

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 47.-Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well site, vicinity of Georgia Highway 225, Murray-Gordon County line. For Explanation see page 90.

94

Owner

Date

Water-

of

bearing

collection unit3

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962) DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

v. A. Bearden

11-16-64

A

Traver Robinson
w. w. Higdon
J. B. Horne, Sr. R. T. Springfield N. Watson

3-23-65

A

11-17-64

c

11- 6-63

c

11-16-64

c

11-16-64

c

11- 6-63

c

Table 33.--Chemical analyses 1 of well water, Murray County. Milligrams per litre

a

.. ~

t)
........

0.."..

.... Ul

Ul ~

.....0"~QJ
H~

a
......"u .... ~
u " '~ u

"....
til QJ
0"0~00 :":';.::.~:

....~.. ~
"0"' z
Ul ~

0 3 9.3 0.14 34

125

18

0.8

.Q..J

a
"....
til
"'...til ~
0:.:
.,..~

""0' "'.. ...u.....cu0~ "'
.,~

.Q..J
" ...".-..<'0~
""'Ul ~

250 1,. 2 184 0.4

QJ

QJ

"..."....' .".."....'

.. ..o ...~ ...
.cu

.0"...~..

u~

~

250 1 0 1.4 0.1

Hardness2 as CaC0 3

Dissolved solids

...Q..J

QJ

QJ

.....~
" .t... sz

."."..'
til QJ

"' z~

a
"Ul

. "a
a ....

.... til QJ

"..u..
..u

"0"9'0

..0"
..0..
t)
I
z"0

45 500

1.7 - 158 157 6

QJ ...
..t)

".....

a
t)

t) ...
""0"' QJ " '"t) til

0

.....~....il0
u u ... ~
t)
<QJ>....a. "0>
Ul ~N

"'"'

... ..0..
u 0

15

280 7.5 -

12 6.9

.10 40 16

7 0

.10 2.8 20 1.4

70 205

2.0

.4

5

2 0

.o 30 .0 - 173 165 0 296 7.9 5

2.8 .o 6.7 -

24 8 4 30 5.8 -

17

.03 26

3.6 3.9

.6 91 7.6

2.8 .1 2.5 112 109 80 6 160 7.2 5

18

.02 98 15

90 7

30 284 27

39

.1 .7 - 348 308 76 565 7.8 -

23

.41 102 16 20

30 265 88

30

- .1 .o

410 320 - 635 7.6 -

16

.11 62

8.6 10

70 230 6.8

7.0 30 2.0 226 226 190 2 378 7.6 -

Chemical analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. Water having a CaC0 3 hardness of 0 to 60 rng/1 is classified, 11 soft";
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and more than 181 mg/1, 11 Very hard".
Water was sampled from wells tapping water-bearing units shown in figure 44.

Data from Cressler (1974)

Table 34.--Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs, Murray County.

Spring no.

Spring name or
owner

1 Dr. James Bradford

2 A. L. Keith (Big Blue Spring)
3 O'Neill Spring

4 James Spring

5 Lula Bailey 6 Dr. Gregory 7 Troy McCamy 8 Jessie Dunn 9 Colvard Spring
10 s. A. Stafford
11 Howard Phillips 12 Mrs. Syble Bryant 13 Carlton Petty 14 Coffee Spring
15 u.s. Dept. of
Agriculture 16 City of Chatsworth 17 Mrs. Mary Barnett
(Gallman Spring)

Location

Date

Flow

Water-

measured

bearing

or estimated Mgal/d Gal/min unit

In Spring Place, 0.19 mile N. of
u.s. Highway 76.
2.1 miles sw. of Eton, 0.8 mile w. of u.s. Highway 411.
0. 5 mile sw. of Eton, w. side of
Mill Creek.

11-15-50 11- 6-69
10-26-54

0.67 .06
.07

-50

.47

1-13-69

. 80

465

A

42

48

A

330

A

550

E. part of Eton.
0. 2 mile sw. of Fashion, 0.08
mile W. of Ga. Highway 225.

11-15-50 10-26-54
1- 9-67

.95 .27 1.3

660

c

187

900

10-11-66

.Ole

10

A

l. 85 miles NNW. of Fashion, 0.8
mile w. of Ga. Highway 225.

1-15-50

.43

7-15-70

.32

300

A

220

l. 8 miles NNW. of Fashion, 0.5 mile W. of Ga. Highway 225.

10-11-66

.02e

14

A

0.9 mile NNE. of Sumac, 0.4 mile E. of Ga. Highway 225.

10-11-66

.02e

14

A

0.6 mile SE. of Gregory's Mill, E. side of Ga. Highway 225.

11-14-50

. 58

7-15-70

.50

400

A

350

l. 45 miles NW. of Gregory's Mill,
1.1 miles w. of Ga. Highway 225.

10-25-66

.Ole

10

c

1.5 miles WSW. of Tennga, 0.42
mile s. of Tennessee line.
2. 0 miles sw. of Cisco, s. side
of road.
1.6 miles s. of Cisco, 0.55 mile
E. of U.S. Highway 411.
l. 9 miles s. of Cisco, 0.45 mile
E. of U.S. Highway 411.

8- 2-66 10-11-66
7-28-66 7-28-66

.02e .Ole . 02e .02e

14

A

10

A

14

A

14

A

SE. end of Conasauga Lake.

8- 2-66

.02e

14

G

1. 4 miles E. of Chatsworth, N. of
u.s. Highway 76.

3.1 miles SE. of Ramhurst, 0.41 mile W. of U.S. Highway 411.

10-25-66

. Ole

G

10

D

Remarks Domestic supply.
Supplies Chatsworth.
Domestic supply. Unused.
do. Stock supply. Domestic supply.
do. Stock supply.
do. Public supply. City supply. Domestic supply. Went dry in 1925.

e Estimated

Table 35.--Chemical analyses 1 of spring water, Murray County.

Milligrams per litre

Spring no.

Name or owner

Date of
collection

""' .,.. Water-
bearing unit 3

.,<".J. '0~ ..-< .,..

"'~

.0"...~.Q.)
H~

".,a.. u~
"' ..-<
<1lU
u~

.",a..
CJl Q)
"""""~
:"::.::;~:

a
.,..~
""' "'0 z
"'~

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962) DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

0.3

125

1 Bradford Spring

2-19-62

A

8.5 0.26 22 12 1.1

14 Coffee Spring

11- 6-63

A

4.0 .09 7.0 2.1 3.0

3 O'Neill Spring

2- 8-67

A

9.1 .15 26 12 1.0

4 James Spring

3-24-65

c

8.8 .56 26 7.5 1.4

17 Gallman Spring

ll- 6-63

D 15

.05 50 14

.8

16 City of Chatsworth 3-12-59

G 13

.09 2.6 . 2 2.4

.Q.,)

.,a"..
CJl CJl
"'..,~
0~ o..~

"'0 " "'.-,.<u"....'llu~ O"'
"'~

.Q.,) "" .."... '~
.-<O
""'"~'

250

0.8 123 0.4

. 5

23 12

. 9 136

.4

1.1 llO 2.8

1.2 213 2.4

. 2

14 3.2

Q)..,

Q)
.".,.o ...'..,.~ .,
.cu
u~

Q)
".,...'..
.0" .,.~.,
r..~

.Q.,)
.'" .,.-..';~0z"'
z~

Hardness 2

as caco3

Dissolved solids
Q)

. "a
a.,..

.Q.,)
""0'
-."..'

".,".'.
CJl Q)
~

~
"'

.,.. CJl Q)
"<J
..-< blJ
"' ""' u a

"'<J
I
"z0

<J
."".,'

"a '
<J

<J ... Q)
""'0 " ""<J CJl

0

.;:ij

...,.....

0 ...

~

<J <JU

<QJ:>.MaUo"\

ti)~N

""'"

...
0 ..-<
u 0

250 1.0 45 500

1

o.o 3.5 109 110 104 4 205

15 7,6 2

1.5 .2 .1 54 51 26 7 72 6.6 5

1.5 .1 3.4 120 122 114 3 219 7.4 0
2.6 .1 3.4 - 107 96 6 183 7.3 0 1.4 .4 .o 88 190 182 8 320 7.7 5 1.2 .o .6 38 30 8 0 33 6.3 5

Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. Water having a Caco 3 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, "sofe';
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and more than 181 rng/1, "very hard 11 Water was sampled from springs that discharge from water-bearing units shown in figure 44.

Data from Cressler (1974)

Table 30.--Summary of streamflows, Murray County.

Site no.

Stream name

1 Conasauga River

2 Sumac Creek

Gage type

Location

PR Lat 35 01'. long 84 44' at u.s.
Highway 4ll, 1.5 miles north of
Tennga.

M Lat 34 54' ' long 8445', at u.s.
Highway 411, 2 miles north of Crandall.

3 Mill Creek

M Lat 3449'. long 84 46', at U.S. Highway 4ll, at Eton.

4

Do.

5 Holly Creek

6

Do.

7 Rock Creek

8 Sugar Creek

9 Coosawattee River

M . Lat 3448'. long 84 SO', at Ga. Highway 225, 3 miles north of Spring Place.
M Lat 3446'. long 84 46' at u.s.
Highway 76, at Chatsworth.
c Lat 3443'. long 8446'. at county
road, 3.3 miles south of Chatsworth.
M Lat 3442', long 84 44'. at u.s.
Highway 4ll, at Ramhurst.
PR Lat 3441', long 8443 1 , at u.s.
Highway 411, 2 miles southeast of Ramhurst.
c Lat 3436', long 8441', at U.S.
Highway 4ll, at Carters.

C Continuous record M Miscellaneous PR Low-flow partial-record

Drainage area
(sq mi)
108

Estimated average flow (Mgal/d)
154

Estimated 7-day,lO-year minimum flow
(Mgal/d)
16

Water use (1970)
(Mgal/d)

23.9

26

1.7

21.9

24

1.7

33

37

8.4

50.0 64.9 16.5
7.30

54 70a 18
7.8

1.6 2.0a
. 9 .9

531

800b

152b

a Based on continuous daily flow, 1961-69. b Based on continuous daily flow, 1897-1907;
1919-22; 1962-68.

66

",.... ",I.,_...w.I.

".H..', '"

>

I I
"w "w

"' I

",~....
'<: 00

"' ,,........,.,._..
,._.w

>-'
cIJQ

J1) 00

V>O

"J1)

0" '<:

"f'

C"l
J1)

0

("l

""">-'

0 0 00

~

.~;

t:J

N

~

J1)

rt

"0

"W rt

'"'

OV>

J1)

00

J1)

0
z"'

"' A
V>

a-

<>-'

00

J1)

~
'c"'

"
~

,"~....

'"'
("l

~

"'J1)
00

"'J"1)'

0 c

"00

""J1)

00 I

,....,....
wo
"' "
00
.,.,.,...,.......
A 00 NW
,._.0 N 00

,....,....
cr-o
"" w w
:-'
'
N OV> V>O
w,._.
V>O
,.... w
"
""' " w
0
0 o w"
00

a-,....
I I
a-,_w.

."H..', '"

t:J
~

I I

a- J1)

"ww"

,....,....
",._W .w

"'>-'
IJQ
c

...,
s>-'

V>O

"J1)

J1)

,_,....
V>N

"f'

t:J
~>-' H,OO
'"w' :":r

OV>

"',,0........

-0-0-"~
~IJQ J1)

'<:

("l

,".J1)
J1)

Total iron (Fe) (~g/1)

"J1)
~
"

Total manganese (Mn) (~g/1)

(::"rl

~ Dissolved

rt

0.0; calcium (Ca)

0

":r:tr Dissolved magnes-

ium (Mg)

...,

w"'

Sodium

~,....

"0

(Na)

J1)

N,._. 0,....
w" "w
0 ,._.0
w'"'
A 0 0 , _0 N
0 NO V> "'

Potassium (K)
Alkalinity as CaC0 3
Sulfate (S0 4)
Chloride (Cl)
Nitrite plus nitrate (N)
Ammonia nitrogen (N)
Total phosphorus (P)
Total filtrable residue

w

"

I

I

(::"rl

"s '

>-'

" :;:: ~,....

,>..-.'.
H



>-'

~

IJQ

H

"s"

'<:
0ro0

00

00

"0

J1)

0

".,....... "'"'
J1)

"'
00
i"'"'

~
'<""":
("l
c 0
"rt
'<:

Total nonfil-

trable residue

,....
"' 00

Hardness (Ca,Mg)

"N' V0>0

Specific conductance (Micromhos)

pH (Units)

N 0"' 00
",....
0 0 ,....
,....
"'N OO:l'
NO
,._.w
w " "
0 w
00 00

Temperature (Degree C)
Color (Platinum cobalt units)
Dissolved oxygen (Mg/1)
Biochemical oxygen demand (Mg/1)
Fecal coliform (MPN)

EXPLANATION

POLK COUNTY MAPS
PRINCIPAL WATER-BEARING UNITS
rn Yields generally range from 5 to 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 1,000 gal/min may be ob.. tained at favorable sites. Aquifer is dolomite and limestone. Water quality genetally meets drinking-water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses.

Most wells yield between 1 and 30 gal/min. The aquifers include shale, slate, sandstone, chert, limestone, and phyllite. Water quality from most rock units meets drinking-water standards. Excessive iron occurs in water from some phyllite and slate.

Shallow wells generally yield between 2 and 30 gal/min. Deeper wells supply 600 to 1,500

gal/min and similar quantities may be obtained from favorable sites. Aquifer is interlayered

limestone and dolomite. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards and is

suitable for many industrial uses.



Yields generally range from 2 to 30 gal/min. Yields of 50 to 200 gal/min may be obtained from favorable sites in brittle rocks. Aquifers include quartzite, phyllite, slate, granite and other metamorphic and igneous rocks. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards except for water from phyllite and slate, which commonly contains excessive iron and manganese.

FAVORABLE WELL SITES-number indicates expected yield in gal/min 3 As much as 1,000 e4 As much as 1,500

-o7
--> 9
..,..19

SPRINGS-number refers to tables 39 and 40 Unused At least half of flow unused Entire flow in use

GAGING STATIONS-number refers to tables 41 and 42
! 8 Low-flow partial record
A1 Continuous record

100

\ ......

" '

. .:.

85"oo'

85 oo'
G
I
__ r - - - - - - - - - - J

Base from U.S. Geolo9cal Survey Rome, 1958 and Atlanta, 1953

5

0

5 MILES

Hydrology by C.W. Cressler, 1973

5

0

5 KILOMETRES

Figure 48.-Principal water-bearing units and location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Polk County.

34oo~~~~~----~~--~~~~~~~L-~~~~=-~~~~~~~~~~~~~--~~~

Bose from U.S. Geological Survey Cedartown West 1'24,000, 1967

I

0

F3 F3 E3 E3 E3

0

I KILOMETRE

EE3~EE3~EE3~EE3~EE3~ti=============:JI

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED L1 NES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 49.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, northwest Cedartown and vicinity, Polk County. Fctr Explanation see page 100.

102

Bose from U.S. Geological Survey

Hydrology by C. W. Cressler, 1973

Cedartown East 1:24,000, 1967

E~=r~E-3==c=EE-3~~E-3~r=~E-3==c=ori=====================:J\MILE

EbDHEI::JH::::::C:JH::::L:JH3::I?============:=jl1KILOMETRE
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 50.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, northeast Cedartown and vicinity, Polk County. For Explanation see page 100.

103

0
E3E3E3E3E31 EH3:JHE3:::1H3:::EH3::EH3::0t::::=====::::JI KILOMETRE CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL
Figure 51.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, southwest Cedartown and vicinity, Polk County. For Explanation see page 100.
104

0

2 MILES

EE3~E3=c~E33CEE3~E3=c~l============~==========~

0

2 Kl LOMETRES

EHDH~H~HDH~I======~======~

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 52.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, southeast Cedartown and vicinity, Polk County. For Explanation see page 100.

105

85"10'

34 00 .. . . 0

I , '\:,. '

Bose from U.S. Geological Survey

Hydrology by C. W. Cressler, 1973

Cedartown East, 1967

I

0

I MILE

EE=3==c=~E=3~=c~E=3==~~E=3==~~E=3==~~~============================~~

0

I K I LOMETRE

EE3~~C?~~E3~~E33C~E3~~~================~1

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET

DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 53.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Fish Creek and vicinity, Polk County. For Explanation see page 100.

ssos'

8502'30

34oo'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Bose from U.S. Geological Survey Rockmart North 1:24,000, 1968

Hydrology by C.W.Cressler, 1973

I

0

I MILE

E3~~~~~~~=r==============~

0

I KILOMETRE

EE-3~~E3~L:EE-3=r:JE3~C:EE3=r=r=:=:=:=:=:=:=:=:=:=:~

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 54.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, north Rockmart and Aragon area, Polk County. For Explanation see page 100.

107

Base from U.S. Geologica I Survey

Hydrology by C. W. Cressler, 1973

Buchanan, 1958

EE3~E3=c~E33CEE3~E3=ci?============~==========~2 MILES

EHDH3:EH[EH:JHll?====I=====:::J2 KILOMETRES
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 55.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, south Rockmart and Van Wert area, Polk County. For Explanation see page 100.

108

Table 38.--Chemical analyses 1 of well water, Polk County.

Owner

Date

Water-

of

bearing

collection unit 3

u.s. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962)
DRINKI~G-WATER STANDARDS

R. Campbell

2-22-62

A

w. w. Corn

5-14-63

A

Bob Harrison

5-17-63

A

Cleo Brown

5-17-63

c

Walt Chandler
Porter Crimes
w. M. Holbrook w. D. Jarne11

5-16-63

c

5-15-63

c

5-17-63

c

5-14-63

c

Jewell Hulsey

5-14-63

E

E. M. Mead

5-14-63

E

Milligrams per litre

"(.) '~N
rl 0 ..... rl
rl Ul Ul ~

0"~QJ
H "'"~ '

ll
~ rl
"'(.)~
.u ."... '~ u

ll
~ rl
"'Q)
O"D~OD :".'::>~:

ll
~ rl~
"'"'oz
Ul ~

0 3

125

6.5 0.33 1.6 0.5 2.7

7.3 .09 24

- 2.0

8.2 .04 30

- 2.0

9.6 .15 56

- 3.5

17 1.1 2.0 - 3.8

7.6 .16 22

- 2.2

19

.79 72

- 12

21 2.6 5.2 - 8. 7

8.0 .10 34

- 1.7

6.9 .05 22

- 1.6

250

0.8

4 0.0

. 4 135 .o

.5 158 2.4

. 6 202 7.2

.6 44 .4

. 3 119 . 0

.6 188 12

.<i ll 52

.8 156 14
.8 89 .o

Hardness 2
as caco 3

Q)
".r.'l.
..o ....~ ....
.cu
u~

Dissolved

Q)

solids

Q)

~

"'rl

"Q')

s ~

. ll
a ~ rl
"' ~r-1 (l)

"'""0u~""''''

<J C

I

..-< OD <'

u"' "s' z0

"'

Ul

250 l 0 45 500
5.0 o.o 4.2 - 29 6

2 36

1.5 0.1 1.6 - 117 114

4 212

3.5 .1 3.3 - 143 136

6 252

3.0 .1 .0 - 187 168

2 322

1.8 .2 .o - 54 32

- 75

2.0 .1 5.9 - 110 100

2 196

4.0 .3 .o - 343 276 122 521 4.5 . 2 .o - 109 57 48 160 2.5 . 2 .o - 152 144 16 268

2.0 .0 3.1 - 86 76

3 151

...
..0...
0
u
15 5.6 7. 5 7.6 7.2 6.5 7.6 8.4 5.8 7.9 7.6

Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. Water having a CaC0 3 hardness of 0 to 60 rng/1 is classified, "soft";
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and
more than 181 mg/1, "very hard".
Water was sampled from wells tapping water-bearing units shown in figure 48.

Data from Cressler (1970)

Table 39.--Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs, Polk County.

Spring no.

Spring name or
owner

R. T. McCoy

Location

Date

Flow

Water-

measured

bearing

or estimated Mgal/d Gal/min unit

4.4 miles SW. of Youngs, E. side

4-30-63 0.28e

200

A

of Ga. Highway 100, on Lime Branch

Remarks Supplies home and dairy.

Bentley Spring

3.6 miles WSW. of Youngs, 2.44 miles N. of Haralson County line.

4-30-60

c

Furnishes dairy.

West (Deep) Spring 4. 2 miles SW. of center of Cedartown, S. side of U.S. Highway 278.

8-21-50 1.0

700

E

Cedartown Spring

Cedartown waterworks.

10- 4-50 3.9

2 '700

E

10-18-54 2. 9

2,000

11-17-64 2. 8

1,950

Public supply.

Locke Spring

4. 83 miles NNE. of Cedartown, 0. 13 mile W. of U.S. Highway 27.

8-22-50

. 3

11-17-64

.3e

200

A

200

Jones Spring

1. 05 miles SE. of Cedartown, N. side of road.

10- 5-50

.4

280

A

Philpott Spring

1. 0 mile SSE. of center of Cedartown, 0.14 mile E. of railroad.

8-21-50

.08e

50

A

8 E. E. Hudsputh

2, 65 miles SSE. of center of Cedartown, on Cedar Creek.

10- 5-50

.3

11-18-64

. 3e

200

A

200

E. C. Morgan

1.3 miles W. of Youngs, 0.1 mile E. of U.S. Highway 27.

11-18-64

. 5

350

E

Supplies dairy.

10 Youngs Spring 11 J. P. Everett

In Youngs.

10- 5-50

6

12-10-68

.45

8.1 miles SE. of Cedartown, 3.15

11-18-64

. 3e

miles N. of Haralson County line.

400

A

300

200

E

Public supply . Furnishes horne and dairy.

12

(Unknown)

1. 55 mileS ESE. of Grady, S. side

11-18-64

E

of railroad.

13 Fish Spring (Hoyt Beck)

2.1 miles E. of Grady, 0.5 mile S. of U.S. Highway 278.

10- 5-50

. 9

3-20-63

. 3

600

E

200

Largely filled in; not used.

14 Aragon Mills

In Aragon, E. side of Ga. Highway 101.

10- 5-50

.4

11-18-64

. 35

280

E

240

Industrial supply.

15

Do.

In Aragon, 0. 57 mile E. of Ga.

10- 5-50

. 76

530

E

do.

Highway 101, N. bank of small

creek.

16 Davette Spring

E. side of paved road, 2. 0 miles NE. of center of Aragon.

9-26-50 2.3

1,600

E

11-16-64 2.5

1, 750

Unused.

17 Deaton Spring 18 Paul McKelvey

2. 5 miles NE. of center of Aragon, S. bank of Euharlee Creek.
E. side of Ga. Highway 113, 1. 5 miles S. of Bartow County line.

9-25-50 15.6 10,800

E

5-12-66 6.5 6- 6-66 10.2 6- 6-66 9. 0

4,500 7,000 6,200

10- 6-50

.2

140

Unused. Measurement made prior to spring being enclosed and may be the most accurate. Measurement: Intergrated computation from point velocity readings. Difference in flow of Euharlee Creek upstream and downstream from spring. Measure of water flowing through pipe from enclosure excludes large volume of leakage.

19

E. side of Ga. Highway 113, 2. 0

6- 6-66

10

c

Domestic supply.

miles S. of Bartow County line.

20 R. E. Forsyth

1. 6 miles SE. of Van Wert, 0.1 mile S. of U.S. Highway 278.

6-16-63

. 28

190

Domestic supply .

e Estimated

110

Table 40.--Chemical analyses 1 of spring water, Polk County.

Milligrams per litre

Spring no.

Name or owner

Date of
collection

Water- .,,....

"' bearing
unit 3

......t.......J......(0./.).

(/)~

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962) DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

~:::,-..
0 Qj
H ""~ ~
0.3

e ..;.:.l.
"' ..(...),-..
olU u~

e ..;.:.l.
en
Qj ~:::,-..
0000
~c
125

e ..;.:.l. ,....
"'o't:l z
(/)~

..~...
en
.e"O.n',:,>..<.i.
ll..~

.Q.,j
"'1:::
0 .J::J,....
"o" l O"'
.t.....J:U :X::
j:Q~

..Q.,,j,....

....
.-

!

0"'

;:l(J)

(/)~

250

~~-

10

14

1- f-'

4

f-'

Youngs Spring

3-20-63

Aragon Mills Spring 3-19-63

Cedartown Spring

11-27-57

Do.

3-19-63

A

8.3 0.02 25 11

1.3 0.4 127 2.0

E

7.4

.OS 37 12

1.6

. 6 162 4.0

E

9.2

.05 34 14

2.2

. 5 168 3.0

E

8.2

.05 31 14

2.0

.4 160 3.2

16 Davette Spring

3-19-63

E

8.8

.08 30 13

.8

. 3 154

.8

17 Deaton Spring

3-19-63

E

8.0

.09 34 10

1.2

.6 152 2.4

13 Fish Spring

3-20-63

E

6.4

.06 22 6.6 2.0

. 7

94 4.4

3 West Spring

3-20-63

E

7.1

.05 18 7.1 . 9

.4

88

.o

Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey.

2

W6a1tetroh1av20ingmga/1C, aC"m0 3odhearradtneelysshoarfd0";

t

o 60 121

mg/1 to 180

i

s classified, mg/1, "hard";

"soft"; and

more than 181 mg/1, "very hard".

Water was sampled from springs that discharge from water-bearing units shown in figure 48.

Qj..,

"' Hardness2 "' as CaC03

t..J
1::: e
.., t..J

t..J

Dissolved solids

.., "" ;:l

Qj

't:l 1:::

Qj
p.

e

"'1:::
0

0
t..J

en

0

Qj
.'.t.:..l

Qj
.'.t.:..l

..Q.,,j,....

Qj ;:l

"" "" "" ..o...,.-......
..c:u
u~

0
..;..:.>,~ -..
~~

.+....->z0"'
z~

.'.t.:..l
en
Qj
p::

~
(/)

e ..;.:.l.

..;.:..l

en
Qj

..t.....J

1::: 00

u"' "e'

.J::J
"'""
t..J
I 1:::
z 0

.~...ii0
1""1 ~"'""' t..J t..JU aJ r-1 0 P.SO/"\
(J)~N

.."0..".
::pX::. u0

250 1.0 45 500
1.0 0.1 0.7 - 122 106 2 182

3.0 .1 3.0 - 164 140 7 232

2.0 .4 4.0 - 157 142 5 264

3.0 .1 3.7 - 160 136 5 224

1.5 .1 . 8 - 144 130 4 215

2.0 .1 2.4 - 150 128 4 217

3.0 .1 3.5 - 100 82 5 154

1.5 .1 1.2 -

74 4 2 139

Data from Cressler (1970)

15
8.0 7.5 7.4 -
7.7 -
7.7 -
7.6 7.4 -
7.2 -

Table 41.--Summary of streamflows, Polk County.

Site no.

Stream name

Gage type

Location

1 Cedar Creek

2

Do.

c Lat 3404', long 8519 1 , near Ga.
Highway 100, 4.5 miles northwest of Cedartown.
M Lat 3401', long 8516', at u.s.
Highway 278, at Cedartown.

3 Pumpkin Pile Creek

M Lat 3358', long 8516', at county road, 2.8 miles south of Cedartown.

4 McCurry Creek

M Lat 3356', long 8518', at county road, 6 miles southwest of Cedartown.

5 Lime Branch

M Lat 33 56', long 8517', at Ga. Highway 100, 5.4 miles south of Cedartown.

6 Cedar Creek

M Lat 3357', long 8513', at county road, 4.7 miles southeast of Cedartown.

7 Euharlee Creek

8

Do.

PR Lat 33 59', long 8505', at county road, 2 miles southwest of Rockmart.
M Lat 3400', long 8503', at u.s.
Highway 278, at Rockmart.

9

Do.

M Lat 3402 1 , long 8503', at Ga. Highway 101, at Aragon.

10 Hills Creek

c Lat 3404', long 84 57 I , at county
road, 2 miles southeast of Taylorsville.

C Continuous record M Miscellaneous site PR Low-flow partial-record

Drainage area
(sq mi)

Estimated average flow (Mgal/d)

Estimated 7-day,lO-year minimum flow
(Mgal/d)

Water use (1970)
(Mgal/d)

109

lOOa

2la

73 42
7.8

66 37
7.1

12 4.1 .4

5.8

5.3

. 2

9.8

8.4

1.5

24

21

1.0

45

37

4.5

2

88

74

16

26

19b

. 7b

a Based on continuous daily flow, 1943-68. b Based on continuous daily flow, 1960-69.

sn

_,,...
I I

."H.,' tl

;t>

",..'. " f-"N

_0I0, "_I,'

rt (I)

'<",~...
"'(I) "'

ww

"' .., ,...,...
0 aoen
00

>-'
O.cQ..

s>-'
(I)

(I)

cr" '<

.... tl

00

~>-'

"(I)
.0..
OQ
>-'

f-" N O _, WN

"'",' .....rwt:"T
(")

"' ... (I)

p.

~OQ

"tl

"...

(I)

(I)
"0

...(") Total iron

rt

,.(I)
(I)

(Fe) (~g/1)

.0..,
z ~

~ (I)

Total manganese

"... (Mn) (~g/1)

.c..
",... "'(I)
."c0.'.

(")

(I)
p.

Dissolved

"... calcium (Ca)
rt

~
~

Dissolved magnes-

ium (Mg)

"(I) I ,... "' 00 a-
0

Sodium (Na)

..,
~,...

(I)

Potassium

....
N

(K)

I

,,,......... ,_..,.

Alkalinity

as CaC0 3

A WN
00
,...
en N 00

Sulfate (S0 4 )
Chloride (Cl)

I

(")

:T

~

>-'

:,,>;..:-..':..
>-'
O.Q..
"s"'
"0

"",...

'<",...
"'(I) "'

0

Nitrite plus

N_,"W'

nitrate (N)

,(..I.)... .0.., "' I"
r..t. r..t.

0 NO
cr-w

Annnonia nitrogen (N)

(I)

(I)

~

".',

0 NO wcr-

Total phosphorus (P}

,,0....

(")

Total filtrable

0 c

residue

"rt
'<

Total nonfiltrable residue

,...

Hardness

f-"00 00

(Ca,Mg}

Wf-" 000 l.nl.n

Specific conductance (Micromhos)

pH

:-'

(Units)

Nf-" NO 00

Temperature (Degree C)

,... ...

Color (Platinum

00

cobalt units)

.... "'
,... 00

Dissolved oxygen (Mg/1)

,...,...

Biochemical oxygen

demand (Mg/1)

"w' .-.

Fecal coliform

ow
00

(MPN)

00

I

EXPLANATION

WALKER COUNTY MAPS PRINCIPAL WATER-BEARING UNITS

0 0..

Yields generally range from 5 to 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 1,000 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is dolomite and limestone. Water quality generally meets

drinking-water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses.

Yields generally are less than 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 500 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is limestone and bedded chert. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses. Water from lower part of unit may contain excessive iron.

Yields generally range from 0 to 20 gal/min. Yields as large as 100 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifers include sandstone, shale, bedded chert and limestone. Water quality from most rock units meets drinking-water standards. Water from shale and limestone may contain excessive iron, sulfate, or salt.

FAVORABLE WELL SITES-number indicates expected yield in gal/min ' As much as 200 3 As much as 1,000

SPRINGS-number refers to tables 44 and 45
-o2 Unused
-c>4 At least half of flow unused ..,.3 Entire flow in use

GAGING STATIONS-number refers to tables 46 and 47
! 1 Low-flow partial record
I!JJ. 2 Continuous record

114

Base from U.S.Geological Survey 5

0

Rome, 1958

5

0

5

5

10

10 MILES 15 KILOMETRES

Hydrology by C. W.Cressler,1973

Figure 56.-Principal water-bearing units and location of springs and stream-gaging stations, Walker County.

115

Bose from U.S. Geological Survey Fort Oglethorpe 1'24,000, 1969
I

Hydrology by C.W.Cressler, 1973

EH:r::::HEI::::JHS::::JHS:::::EH3:::i~=======i\
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET

Kl

LOMETRE

I

MILE

~ ~

DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS

DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 57.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Flintstone and vicinity, Walker County. For Explanation see page 114.

116

Base from U.S. Geological Survey Fort Oglethorpe. 1969
I

0
E=~E3~~~~~~=IO================~IKILOMETRE
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT ID-FDOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

'"'"~

Figure 58.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, south Rossville and Fairview area, Walker County. For Explanation see page 114.

117

34 52'3o"UJ.;.J~::t:~ll:::i.l.I~5~~~~LL~~~1!1iriO.!!:~~~~(;II!I.:.::.il~M.i.~L.;.;./;;;;;;.::IIii~~;;r:::1._ _:!.__ _ _LL.::u..JilJ

Base from U.S.Geolo;ical Survey

Hydroloc;y by C.W. Cressler,l973

Fort Oglethorpe, 1969 1

0
Ef?3~~E3~~E3==c=~E3~~E3~~9====================:j:KILOMETRE

I MIL~

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 59.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, north Chickamauga and vicinity, Walker County. For Explanation see page 114.

8520'

Base from U.S.Geolog1col Survey Kensington, 1946 Interim revision, 1969

E==c==~~==~~==~~==~~==iO============================~IMILE E~~~E3~~E3=c~E3=c~E3=c=9C=================~:KILOMETRE
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 60.- Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, south Chickamauga and vicinity, Walker County. For Explanation see page 114.

3445'

.

Bose from U.S. Geologcol Survey

Kensington, 1946 and Durhom,l946

~

Interim revision, 196E9=:=3:::==E=:3=::::E=:=::::C=:::E=:=C::::::J=:=3:==0C==================il Ml LE

IEE33:::::EE3:3::::JE3=:=C::::EE3:3::::JE3EC::O1I==========::J\ KILOMETRE
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 61.-Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Kensington and vicinity. For Explanation see page 114.
120

a5"2o'

85151

0

I MILE

E3

E3E3E31

I

Eb:r::::EH3:::EH:r:::::JHS:::::::EH~01[:==========::::j11 KILOMETRE

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED Ll NES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Hydrology by C.W.Cressler, 1973

Figure 62.-Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, LaFayette and vicinity. For Explanation see page 114.

Bose from U.S.Geologicol Survey Estelle lo24,000, 1946

0
bd E3 FA

I MILE

EH3::lH3::::EH3::EH3::JH3:I?:=:=:=:=:=:==i: KILOMETRE
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 10-FOOT CONTOURS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 63.-Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Mount Carmel and vicinity. For Explanation see page 114.

Table 43.--Chemical analyses 1 of well water, Walker County.

Owner

Date

Water-

of

bearing

collection unit3

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962)

Milligrams per litre

<".J '~N

..........0...

~~
0 Q)

.... CJl

... ~

(/)--~

s

s

..;:.J.

..;.:J.

"'Q)

"' """" u~

~~

..C..l.l u

Cll):::

~~~-

s
;:J
.-<~
"o0 z"'
~-~

s
..;:.J.
."""..''' ~
0 :.: "'~

.Q.,)
"~ '
0
-..". '"~'
"'..{".).'0u
I=CI __.........

.Q.,) " ..."-..<'0~
;:J CJl ct:l~_

{)"'Q)..,

Hardness2 as CaC0 3

."~.,' s{)

{)

Dissolved solids

s

.Q.,)
"~ '

;:J ...
"" "0 Q)
{0~)"'

0

0

Q)

Q)

."...0... ..o ....~ ...
.cu

."..0....
0
..;...:J~~

.Q.,)
.t."..O'z~'

Q) ;:J
."..0. "'Q)

u~

~~

z~

~

s ..;:.J. A... -~ 1!

s
;:J CJl

..;:.J. "Q')

"'{)

"' "'"" {) ~

I

.....

~

u s z0

.... 0
{) {) u ,...j j..j,.....,
a; ,...j 0

...
..0...

""'" "-S"'
CJl~N

u 0

DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

0.3

125

250

250 1.0 45 500

15

f-'

I\:)
w

L. H. Bowers

8-14-60

c

12

0.01 33

0.4 2.2

0.7 99

0.4 2.0 0.1 2.3 - 117 84

3 166 7. 2 7

G. K. Grigsby

7-27-60

c

8.9 .07 7.4 2.3 . 7

.4 66

.4 . 5 .1 .0 -

80 28

0 97 6.8 5

Mountain Cove Farms

7-25-60

c

24

.71 15

3.0 6.5

.5 76

4.0 .5 . 2 .1 - 106 50

0 128 6. 7 16

Do.

7-25-60

c

13

.03 102 28 9.1

.4 189 215

1.5 .4 .1 - 517 370 214 668 7.4 8

Eugene Patterson

7-25-60

c

6.3 . 00 4.8 1.2 3.0

1.8 24 17

6.5 .1 .0 -

80 17

0 97 6.2 12

Levay Stephenson

8-14-60

c

9.2 .16 53

2.2 1.1

.3 180

- - L___
Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. Water having a CaC0 3 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, "soft";
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 rng/1, "hard"; and more than 181 rng/1, "very hard". Water was sampled from wells tapping water-bearing units shown in figure 56.

. 8 1.5 . 2 .6 - 173 141

0 272 7.4 3

Data from Cressler (1964)

Spring

Spring

:-lt. f.ove Farms

Hunter Spring (Mt. View Farms)
Chapman Spring

Anderson Cave Spring
Chandler Spring

Lumpkin Spring Dickson Spring

Mathis Spring 10 K<'nsington Spring

11

Phillips Spring

12 Williams Spring

13 Cave Spring

14 Crawfish Spring

15 Blue Hole (Bleachcry)
16 Rock Spring
17 County Farm Spring
18 Howard Lake

19

Big Spring

20 Buzzard Roost Spring

21 Coffman Spring

22 Baker Spring

2J Waterville Spring

24 Brown Spring 25 Jones Spring

26 Watkins Spring

27

Cleghorn Spring

28 Phillips Spring

29

Catron Spring

. Estimated

Table 44.--Minimum m('asured or estimated flow of springs, Walker County.

Location

Date measured or estimated

Flow Mgal/d Gal/min

Waterbearing
unit

1. 95 miles ENE. of Lookout, 2.7

11-18-70 0.01

10

miles N. of Chattooga County line.

Remarks Stock supply.

4. 08 miles ENE. of Lookout, 4.0 miles N. of Chattooga County line.
4. 3 miles NE. of Lookout, 4. 5 miles N. of Chattooga County line.

8-24-50 1.5

8- 4-60

.5

1,000 350

do. Domestic supply.

4.8 miles NE. of Lookout, 4.5

8- 4-60

.15

100

do.

miles N. of Chattooga County line.

2. 6 miles WSW. of Center Post, 0.06 mile N. of Chattooga County line.

9-22-71

.5e

350

2.6 miles WSW. of Center Post, 0.2 roile N. of Chattooga County line.

10- 7-71

.15e

100

Enclosed; unused.

1.5 miles WSW. of Center Post, 0.34 mile N. of Chattooga County line.

3. 25 miles NNW. of Center Post, 2.08 miles W. of Ga. Highway 337.
o. 7 mile W. of Cedar Grove.
0.1 mile NW. of K~;nsington. 4. 8 miles N. of Kensington, 0. 7 mile E. of Ga. Highway 193.

12-17-56 2-13-61 4-13-71 6- 7-71 6-18-71 9-22-71 1-11-72 3-10-72
10-26-60
11-18-70

7.2 7.5 7.1 3. Oe 1.0 1.0 10.0(' 7 .Oe
.1
.2e

5,000 5,200 5,000 2,000
700 700 7,000 4,800
70
140

Goes dry when nearby wells aro heavily pumped.

4. 85 miles W. of "'' O.J mile E. of Ga. Highway

9-14-60 1.2

830

InduHtrial supply.

2. 5 miles NE. of Chickamauga, 0.1 mile E. of road.

9-14-60

Goes dry nearly every Large flow in liet

In Chickamauga at waterworks.

10-27-54 10-26-60
3-10-61

23.0 8.9
29.8

16,000 6,200
20,600

Municipal supply. Very large

flows in 1954 and 1961 were

caused

unusually heavy

rains.

are far larger

than minimum.

In Chickamauga. Upper end of lake at bleachery.
In Rock Spring, E. of u.s. Highway 27.
1. 55 miles sw. of Rock Spring, w. edge of road.

10-26-60 5.7

4,000

.02e

20

Industrial supply.
Stops flowing during dry years. Supplies County Farm.

3.8 miles NE. of junction of Ga.
Highway 14J and u.s. Highway 27,
in LaFayette, 1.52 miles E. of
u.s. Highway 27.
' part of LaFayette, at
waterworks.

8-23-50

.2

140

9-16-60 1.0 11- 2-60 1.6

700 1,100

Under lake. Municipal supply.

1. 85 miles WS\J. of junction of
u.s. Highway 27 and Ga. Highway 143, in LaFayette, 0.14 mile s.
of Ga. Highway 193, and E. bank of Dry Creek.
5 miles N. of Chattooga County
line, 0. 74 milP E. of u.s. High-
way 2).

9-16-49 10-28-54 12-17-56
7-18-60 8- 4-60
9-16-49 10-26-60

1.3 1.2 1.5
.7 .5
.5 .2e

900 810 1,040 480 350
J50 140

Flows into reservoir used by LaFayf.>tte for water supply.

2.28 miles N. of Cbattooga County

8-22-50

'14

100

line, 0.26 mile E. of u.s. High-

8-17-60

.1e

70

way 27.

2.15 miles N. of Chattooga County

9- 9-49

.41

J20

line, 1.6 miles E. of U.S. High-

way 27.

0.9 mile NNE. of Naomi, w. side

10-26-60

.01

10

of Ga. Highway 143.

3.75 miles sw. of Villanow, 5.7

10-26-60

.03

20

miles 1-.1, of Whitfield County

line.

Stock supply. Domestic supply.

2.25 miles SE. of Villanow, 2.4

9-11-51

. 07

48

miles 1-l. of \olhitfield County line.

Stock supply

l. 75 miles NW. of Vi1lanow, 4.8

7-19-60

.OJ

20e

miles w. of Whitfielrl County line,

upper end of Clements l'ond.

0.9 mile N. of Villanow, E. side

7-19-60

.OJ

20e

of road.

4.3mi1esNE. of Villanow, w.
bank of Mill Creek.

7-19-60

. 03

20e

Stock supply. do .

124

Table 45.--Chemical analyses of spring water, Walker County.

Milligrams per litre

Spring no.

Name or owner

Date of
collection

Waterbearing
unit 3

" "' "'~
'M 0 ,..., rl 'M <fl "'~

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962) DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

,...0".. ~QJ
H~
0.3

9
rl
",.u .., ~ "'<OU
u~

9
~ 'M <ll QJ
b"l)~bl)
:".'::.~:
125

9
rl~
"'tol z "'"'~

19 Big Spring 1 19 Big Spring4 15 Blue Hole 4

2-20-59 4-20-38 9-22-52

A

9.2 0.01 27 9.6 1.0

A

6.9 .18 22 7.5 1.1

A

8.0 . 00 30 19 Tr.

9
~ 'M <ll
"'...<ll ~
0 04
o.~

.Q..J
"0"'
.o~
"<' 00m uu rl"' "'~

.Q.J. "' .."... '~
,...,0
""'"~'

250

0.2 125 2.4

.5

99 2.4

Tr. 140 Tr.

.,QJ
'tl
...
,.o ..,,~ ..., .ou
u~

QJ 'tl
'M...
,0."..,~ ,..
r..~

250 1.0

1.5 o.o 1.6 .o

2

-

QJ ...

.Q.J.
w".r.l. 'zo~m
z~

Hardness2 as CaC03

Dissolved

solids

. 9 ~

QJ

9 'M

.Q..J
.."0"0.'.

"'tl
rl <ll QJ ~

~
"'

<ll rl QJ
",..., bl) ""' ""' u 9

""I'
"z0

e""
" ~

"9 ' "...

'tl QJ

" ""0
" <ll 0

.~ ~

'"" ... ..... 0 ~ uu Q) r-1 0

<>.9"'

<fl~N

""'"

...
,.0..,
u 0

45 500

3.8 - 117 107 4 188

3.1 -

94 86 - -

.05 - 150 150 - -

15 7.4 3
--
7.5 !none

15

Do.

20

Buzzard Roost

Spring4

11-24-53 10-21-55

A

8.0 .15 40 1 Tr.

A 6.0 .40 40 14 Tr.

Tr. 132 1 Tr. 158 5

1

Tr. -

- 200 105 - -

7.5 none

7

-

-

- 236 157 - -

8.0 none

Buzzard Roost
Spring 1

7-18-60

A 8.6 .09 41 9.6 1.4

. 7 168 2.4 1.5 .1 2.9 - 167 142 4 257 7.5 7

13 Cave Springl

5- 5-58

A

7.1 . 02 24 5.8 1.8

. 4 101 5.0 2.5 .1 3.1 - 106 84 1 174 7.1 l

14 Crawfish Spring 1

11-26-57

A 8.6 .04 26 10

1.4

.5 124 1.0 1.0 .1 3.5 - 114 106 4 199 7.2 4

12 Williams Spring 1

7-18-60

Mrs. Sidney Wilson 4

(Not given) 1+

4-21-55

8

Dickson Springl

2-13-61

A 8.2 .01 24 12

.9

. 4 127 2.4 1.0 .1 .8 - 124 110 6 191 7.3 3

9.0 .03 117 27 Tr.

Tr. 376 Tr. 12

-

-

- 415 400 - -

8.0 opaque

A 3.5 2.0

35 28 66

-

348 45

12

Tr. -

- 557 201 - -

9.9 pink

B

5.5 .05 13 . 6 . 4

. 2

41 1.2

. 8 . 0 .o -

43 35 2 72 7.2 0

2 Mountain View
Farms 1
(Hunter Spring)

8- 4-60

c

8.0 .11 53 3.9 1.8

. 6 172 4.8 2.5

. 2 2.9 - 175 148 7 272 7.3 4

Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey.
\..later having a CaCO hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, "soft";
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and
more than 181 mg/ 1, "very hard". Water was sampled from springs that discharge from water-bearing units shown in figure 56. Analyses by Georgia Dept. of Natural Resources.

Data from Cressler (1964)

Table 46.--Summary of streamflows, Walker County.

Site no.

Stream name

1 Chattanooga Creek

Gage type
c

Location
Lat 34 58' ' long 8520 1 , near county road, 2. 3 miles northeast of Flintstone.

Drainage area
(sq mi)
50.6

Estimated average flow (Mgal/d)
53 a

Estimated 7-day, 10-year minimum flow
(Mgal/d)
1. 6a

Water use (1970)
(Mgal/d)

2 Rock Creek

T Lat 34 57 I , long 8521 1 , at Ga.

24.7

27

. 8

Highway 193, 1 mile north of

Flintstone.

3 Chattanooga Creek

T Lat 34 55 I, long 85 21 1 , at county

15.9

17

. 6

road, at Cenchat.

4 West Chickamauga

T Lat 3455 1 , long 8515 1 , 0.1 mile

121

133

16

Creek

above bridge at Lee and Gordon Mill,

and 1.6 miles northeast of

Chickamauga.

5

Do.

T Lat 34 51 I, long 8516 1 , at county

99.4

109

6.5

road, 1. 6 miles southeast of

Chickamauga.

6

Do.

T Lat 3448 1 ' long 8519 1 ' 0. 8 mile

79.3

87

4.4

south of Pond Spring, and 0.3 mile

east of Cove Church.

7

Do.

PR Lat 3448 1 , long 8521 1 , at Ga.

73.0

80

3. 7

Highway 143, 2.3 miles northeast

of Kensington.

9

Do.

T Lat 3446 1 ' long 8521 1 , at Ga.

50.9

56

2.6

Highway 193, 1.2 miles south of

Kensington.

10

Do.

T Lat 3444 1 , long 85 24 1 , at county

37.3

41

1.9

road, 1.9 miles northeast of Cedar

Grove.

11 Town Creek

M Lat 3442 1 ' long 8517 1 at Ga.

14

16

.9

Highway 143, at LaFayette.

12 Duck Creek

PR Lat 3440 1 ' long 85 20 1 , at county

20.3

22

. 9

road, 4.5 miles southwest of

LaFayette.

C Continuous record M Miscellaneous site PR Low-flow partial-record T TVA site

a Based on continuous daily flow, 1951-68.

L61

"'I

'>""-3"

)> ~

>-"
I'
">-"

"'
"

~

>-"
"rn
(1)

"' >-" >-'

N >-"

OcG

rn

0

"(1)

cr

" "(1)
0
"OG
>-'

>w-"

""''
OS
(1)
,r.n.,

~
0

,n..

(1)

,. ',0..,

>-"
"0 '

>n-'

0
H;
z

~

........

c ~
OG

~

0

~

c

n

, ,. ""....

""''

"(1)
(D

(1)

~

rn

(1)

c 0
" n
(1)
rn

"' "~
(X)
"'(D
~rn

w

>-'

(X)

~

OG

rt

0

~

~

00

>..-.".
"'

""'' "0 '

~

(X)
w
"'
w
Ln N
(X)
....
w
N
"0"''
"
N
w
0
N 0
"' "'
~ w
N
w
0

en

"' H

I

>-3 0

>-"
" I

"'
>-"

~
(1)

">-"

"' >-" ..,. >-3

>-" N

OcG

a>-'

"' " (1) (1)

N

""'' n,..

0

~>'

,H;(fl

_r_tw_

n :T

N

,~..,

~ rnOG "
(1)

~

~

"' 0

"' 0

0

OG

~

Total iron (Fe) (~g/1)

n

(X)
0

,".(1)
(1)

Total manganese (Mn) (~g /1)

~

(1) Dissolved

N

~

"' ";,.',

""...'.
>'
~
rrnt

calcium (Ca)
Dissolved rnagnes ium (Mg)

rt

0

>-3

~ Sodium

N

(1)

0

(Na)

~....

(1)

:..-..'

Potassium (K)

"" '
I

,n.I.

........

Alkalinity

@

"'

as caco 3

Sulfate

N

0

(S0 4)

Chloride

"'

(Cl)

;;::
.>.-.'.

>n-'
."...

>-" >-' OG
""ran

""".r~.n..
(1)

rn

(X)

'0

(1)

:'

Nitrite plus

"....

0
H;

N

nitrate (N)

>-'

rn

"'

rt

rt

"(1)

"(1)

:...'.

Arrnnonia nitrogen (N)

~rn

0

OS

0

Total

",.....

Ln

phosphorus (P)

"'
w
"N '

Total filtrable residue

(D
" n ;c0:;

w

Total nonfil-

"

w

trahle residue

....
0

Hardness

w

(Ca,Mg)

w....

Specific conduc-

0

tance (Micromhos)

"

pH

"'

(Units)

.N...

Temperature

0

(Degree C)

....

Color (Platinum

Ln

cobalt units)

"'

Dissolved oxygen

"'

(Mg/1)

Biochemical oxygen

w

demand (Mg/1)

N

w

FPcal coliform

0

0

(MPN)

0

EXPLANATION
WHITFIELD COUNTY MAPS PRINCIPAL WATER-BEARING UNITS
w Yields generally range from 5 to 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 1,000 gal/min may be ob... tained at favorable sites. Aquifer is dolomite and limestone. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards and is suitable for many industrial uses.
Yields generally are less than 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 500 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is limestone and bedded chert. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards, and is suitable for many industrial uses. Water from lower part of unit may contain excessive iron.
Yields generally range from 0 to 20 gal/min. Yields as large as 100 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifers include sandstone, mudstone, shale, siltstone, limestone, and bedded chert. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards, except for excessive iron.
Yields generally are less than 20 gal/min; a few exceed 50 gal/min. Yields as large as 300 gal/min may be obtained at favorable sites. Aquifer is limestone or dolomite units interlayered with shale units. Water quality generally meets drinking-water standards, although some contains excessive iron.

FAVORABLE WELL SITES-number indicates expected yield in gal/min.

1

As much as 100

2

As much as 500

e 3 As much as 1,000

SPRINGS-number refers to tables 49 and 50 Unused At least half of flow unused Entire flow in use

GAGING STATIONS-number refers to tables 51 and 52 Low-flow partial record Continuous record

128

85001 3500' - - - - - -- -- ----------

s-IL_

Base from U.S. Geological Survey Rome, 1958
5
I

I 0
I II I I

5

0

5

I

I

I

5

10

10 MILES
I I
15 KILOMETRES

Hydrology by C. W. Cressler, 1973

Figure 64.-Principal water-bearing units and location of springs and stream-gaging stations. Whitfield County.

129

Hydroloqy by C. W.Cressler, 1973

0
Eb3.::EE33.::EE3::::r=::EE3:::3::::EE33::::i9==============:::::Jl KILOMETRE

'""'()

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 65.-Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Cohutta and vicinity.
130

0

I MILE

E3~~~~~=c====~=================

Eb3:::EH3::::IF33::::EE3:=r=::EE33::I?==============::::::J: Kl LOMETRE

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 66.-Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Varnell and vicinity. For Explanation see page 128. 131

aso2'3o"

0

========:=::j\ I.EH3:::JE3E3=:EEl::::::!:=:EE3::3:=::EEl::::::I:=OJ::I

KILOMETRE

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 67.-Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Tunnel Hill and vicinity. For Explanation see page 128.

132

v Bose from U.S.Geological Survey

Hydrology by C.W. Cressler, 1973

Tunnel

Hill, 1943

=:3::=~;;;;r:=:J;;;;;;;;l=:::E=::L::::J=:3:=0C===============:::JI
El

MILE

EE33:::::EE33:::::EE33:::::::EE3==r::::::EH==r::i0=========:::jl Kl LOMET RE
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 68.-Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Rocky Face and vicinity. For Explanation see page 128.
133

I

0

HHHHHI

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

2 KILOMETRES
I

Figure 69.-Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, Dalton and vicinity. For Explanation see page 128.
134

3442' 3.d' ~.=J!LllliiL(Jlhlt::LLli.OO~~J.l.:!fl.Lc~~~Wi~!Q.~~~~~~..:::~:..LjJ_.::Z:i!.l.J

Bose from U.S. Geological Survey

Hydrology by C. W Cressler, 1973

Dolton South, 1972

==~=E==~~~~~~~~~~=oi===========================~IMILE
El

EE-3=I~E3~:=E-3~t=~E3~:=EE3=c=Oi=:=:=:=:=:=:=:=:=:=:=JI KILOMETRE

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET

DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL

Figure 70.-Principal water-bearing units and location of favorable well sites, South Dalton and vicinity. For Explanation see page 128.

135

Table 48.--Chemical analyses 1 of well water, Whitfield County.

Owner

Date

Water-

of

bearing

collection unit3

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962) DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

C. L. Prichett

11-17-64

A

Ethel Combee

3-23-65

c

Beachel Elrod

3-24-65

c

T. J. Gazaway

3-25-65

c

Clyde Hayes

11- 5-63

c

Davie Jackson

11- 5-63

c

A. L. Middleton

11- 6-63

c

Dan Tullock

3-25-65

c

Haren Voyles

11-18-64

c

Milligrams per litre

a

co~

CJ
,.....,. ....

"0..".'.'

"'~

"'0"~
"r>.
H~

.."..a.. u~
.-I
.. u
u~

"....
<ll Q)
.0".1)~ 0:>1:)
:.:~

"' ..a
::l
.-<~
0 z
"'~

0.3

125

10

0.17 29

2.6 1.1

a .c".o.'

"....
<ll

" ... 0

Qj

..c~

...<coll ~
0:..: "'~

"...u... u;0"c'
"'~

"" co~
,......,0
""'"~'

250

0.3 98 0

.".. Hardness 2

co Qj ...
CJ

as CaC0 3

co a CJ

CJ

Qj
"...'. ,"a ..,,~ ..,
.cu
u~

Qj
".."0.'.
,.:.,:rl>~.
r><~

Dissolved

solids

.Q..j
co~
.t...Oz'
z~

".."".'.'
<ll
,Q;)

a..,."a.

....::l <ll Q)

a
::l
"'

.".CJ
s .uc-oI 01)

.Q..j
co
" 0
,.c
c"o
CJ I
"z0

" "Qj ""'0 "'
CJ <ll 0
..~..C..J..ii0" CJ~U
(lJ 1""'1 0
""''~a""''

;c
"'

,."0.,
u 0

250 1 0 45 500

15

1.1 0.0 1.5 - 94 83 2 160 7.2 -

4.2 11

.50 5 .77 44

1.8 5.7 14 5.8

4.8

0 22

1.5 196 10

7.0 0.1 10

- 61 20 20 112

6.0 .o 9.8 - 199 168 4 339

4.6 20 7.6 5

6.3 . 42 16

1.0 4.3

1.1 47 6.4

3.0 .0 9.0 - 70 44 6 120 7.0 10

28

.04 1.8

.9 1.7

4.7 22 .0

1.0 .2

.1 40 49 8 0 41 6.5 0

19

.19 91

8 5.0

. 2 296 11

6.8 .1

- 280 287 260 18 450 7.9 0

18

.08 53

4.4 3.8

. 5 148 4.4 14

. 2 11 212 182 150 28 300 7.6 0

10 6.6

. 50 36 .03 2.8

12 2.2 . 2 1.0

.4 173 .4
. 6 6 .o

1.4 .1 2.2 - 150 140 0 262 7. 9 5

- 2.2 .0 1.6

18 8 3 29 5.9 -

Chemical analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. Water having a CaC03 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, "soft";
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and
more than 181 mg/1, "very hard 11
Water was sampled from wells tapping water-bearing units shown in figure 64.

Data from Cressler (1974)

Spring

Spring name or
owner

Troy Cleghorn

C. W. Masters

Do.

Freeman Spring

H. P. McArthur
J. B. Griffin
P. C. Henderson
Cohutta Fish Hatchery (U.S. Government) Sand Spring (Clifton Farmer) 10 W. E. Maples
11 Southern Railway (Blue Spring)
12 Wheeler Estate
13 Seymour Spring (Varnell Spring)
14 Dr. Wood
15
16 Dalton Country Club
17 Crown Cotton Mill
18 American Thread Company
19 Anderson Spring
20 Crown Cotton Mill (Jeager Spring)
21 Frank Mayo
22 Nance Spring
23 Deep Spring

24 Jess Cline
25 U.S. Dept. of the Interior
26 Lee Sugart (Estelle Spring)
27 Millard Deverall
28 L. W. Deverall
e Estimated

Table 49.--Minimum measured or estimated flow of springs, Whitfield County.

Location
0.8 mile S. of Mill Creek, 0.6 mile E. of Walker County line.

Date

Flow

Water-

measured >---~--~ bearing

estimated Mgal/d Gal/min unit

11- 2-67 O.Ole

10

Remarks Domestic supply.

0.18 mile NW. of Mill Creek, 0.1

11- 2-67

. 02e

14

Do.

mile W. of road.

0.25 mile NW. of Mill Creek, 0.13

11- 2-67

02e

14

Do.

mile W. of road.

4. 32 miles SW. of Rocky Face, 2.8

11-29-50 2. 2

1, 530

A

miles N. of Walker County line.

lD-28-54 1.1

775

12-30-68 1. 65 1,150

11- 5-69 1. 37

950

2. 33 miles SSW. of Rocky Face, 1.9 miles W. of I-75.

11- 2-62

. Ole

10

Stock supply .

0.55 mile N. of Tunnel Hill, 0.9 mile E. of Catoosa County line.
l.O mile WNW. of Cohutta, S. side of road.

11-29-50 11- 3-67
11- 2-67

.11 .10
. Ole

77

A

70

10

A

Unused.

1.06 miles NNE. of Cohutta, W. of

11-16-50

. 66

road.

2-19-62

.65

10-21-69

. 33

460

A

450

230

1.68 miles NNE. of Cohutta, E. side of road.

7-18-67

.Ole

10

D

Supplies fish hatchery. Not used.

1. 95 miles NE. of Cohutta, 0. 25

7-18-67

.05e

35

A

Do.

mile E. of Ga. Highway 71.

0.4 mile NNE. of Varnell, 0.12 mile E. of Southern Railway.

11- 5-69

. 39

260

0. 28 mile NNE. of Varnell, 0.15

11- 5-69

.OS

35

mile E. of Southern Railway.

0. 2 mile W. of Varnell, W. side of road.
1.12 miles SSE. of Varnell, 0. 5 mile E. of Southern Railway.

1-15-69 11- 5-69
10-31-67

. 25 . 29
.Ole

174

A

200

10

A

Domestic supply.

0. 28 mile E. of Ga. Highway 71, 4.8 miles N. of U.S. Highway 76.

11- 5-69

.02e

14

D

0.05 mile E. of Ga. Highway 71,

11-29-50

. 5

2.62 miles N. of u.s. Highway 76.

350

A

Partly used.

NW. part of Dalton, at Crown Cottar 11-17-50

. 34

230

Mill.

Developed

SW. part of Dalton at American Thread Co., 1.8 miles W. of U.S. Highway 41.
In Phelps, 0.07 mile E. of u.s.
Highway 41.

11-17-50 3-13-59
11-18-64

. 57 . 57
.Ole

400

A

400

10

Industrial supply.

0.2 mile W. of I-75, 4. 75 miles N.

11-17-50

. 87

600

of Gordon County line.

lD-28- 54

.62

430

11- 5-71

.6e

420

In Phelps, 0.19 mile E. of U.S. Highway 41, S. of road.

5-25-67

. 3

210

Supplies swimming pool and trout pond. Industrial cooling.
Industrial cooling.

0.39 mile E. of U.S. Highway 41,

11- 5-69

. 2e

140

0.3 mile N. of Gordon County line.

Industrial supply.

3.08 miles SW. of Beaverdale, 2.4

11-16-50 2.2

1,530

A

miles W. of Murray County line.

lD-27-54 1.5

1,040

12-30-68 2.2

1,530

11- 5-69 1.5

1,040

3.45 miles WNW. of Beaverdale, 4.1 miles S. of Tennessee line.

11-19-67

. Ole

10

A

Small quantity of water used by nursery.
Domestic supply .

3. 2 miles WNW. of Beaverdale, 3.25 miles S. of Tennessee line.

11-28-50

. 62

10-27-54

. 03

11- 3-67

. Se

430

A

21

350

3.6 miles NW. of Beaverdale, 2.12 miles S. of Tennessee line.

7-18-67

. Ole

10

A

Unused. Domestic supply .

0. 72 mile S. of Tennessee line, 1. 78 miles W. of Murray County line.

5-25-6 7

02e

14

Unused

0. 3 mile S. of Tennessee line, 1.45 miles W. of Murray County line.

5-29-6 7

. 02

14

Domestic supply.

137

Table SQ.--Chemical analyses 1 of spring water, Whitfield County.

Spring no.

Name or owner

Date of
collection

Waterbearing
unit 3

u"'~N
.... .... 0
.-; "~'"~'

"',.,0"~Q)
H~

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (1962)

DRINKING-WATER STANDARDS

0.3

18 American Thread Co. 3-13-59

A

5.8 0.08

8 Cohutta Fish Hatchery

2-19-62

A

8.4 .14

23

Deep Spring

3-23-65

A

6.9 .06

4 Freeman Spring

3-24-65

A

7.8 .08

13 Seymour Spring

3-23-65

17 Crown Cotton Mill 11-17-64

22

Nance's Spring

11- 6-63

A

7. 7 . 01

c

8.5 . 01

c 17

.06

19

Anderson Spring

11-18-64

D

7.6 .02

Milligrams per litre

"..6.. u~
"'.-;
"'u
u~

6
.."..
"<l'J
o:~
0000
;":';;::;~:

6

...",..
0

~
z"'

"'~

6
..".. "'""''
'-'~
0"' "'~

<lJ
'-'
""',.,0
.n~
"'<UO"'
..u.. u
"'~

Q)
'-' 4"-< '~.;.-<O
""'"'~

125

250

30 13

0.5 0.2 161 1.6

24 11

1.2

. 5 128 4.0

17 9.4 . 7

.6

98 . 5

34 6.8 .4

. 6 138 .8

26 9.7 .4

. 5 128 . 0

37 13

2.5

. 7 171 .4

16 7.1 1.7 2.8

82 6.2

35 20 20

.8 182 2.0

...,Q.,..,)
o~
.-; .-;
.cu
u~
250 2 1.5
. 8 1.0
.5 5.3 1.7 38

Hardness 2 as CaC03

Dissolved

Q)

Q)
u

'-'

"'6

""''u-'
:l

u,.,

., <lJ

...,Q.,..,)
0 .-"<0~<
o.~

Q)
.+'.,"-...,'-'>z~0"'
z~

solids

"...Q.,.)

"Q')
'"

13
""'

. "6
s ....
".... "'Q)
u .-; 00
"' " u "s'

'-'
.,"0"D.', "u '
I
"z0

" 0
u

"' "0 '

.~ ~

....4-< 0 ,.,~

u uu

oil) .s.4 v0 ;

<fl~N

""' '

,.,
0 .-;
u 0

1.0 45 500

15

0.0 1.3 140 138 145 18 242 7.9 3

.0 1.4 120 115 105 0 200 7. 7 2

.0 . 7 -

85 81 0 150

0.2 .4 - 120 113 0 211

.1 .o - 108 105 0 191

. 0 5.4 - 160 148 8 282

.1 .1 104 93 69 2 145

.0 3.8 - 217 168 19 383

7.5 5 7.4 0 7. 3 0
7.5 -
7.1 0 7.5 -

Analyses by U.S. Geological Survey. Water having a CaC0 3 hardness of 0 to 60 mg/1 is classified, 11 soft";
61 to 120 mg/1, "moderately hard"; 121 to 180 mg/1, "hard"; and
more than 181 mg/1, "very hard".
Water was sampled from springs that discharge from water-bearing units shown in figure 64.

Data from Cressler (1974)

Table 51.--Summary of streamflows, Whitfield County.

Site no.

Stream name

1 Tiger Creek

Gage type

Location

M Lat 34 59 I, long 8458 1 , at county road, 1.5 miles north of Cohutta.

2 Conasauga River

M Lat 3455 1 , long 84 50 I 1 at Ga. Highway 2, at Beaverdale.

3 Coahulla Creek

M Lat 3454 1 , long 8455 1 , at Ga. Highway 2, 9 miles north of Dalton, at Prater Mill.

4 East Chickamauga Creek

T Lat 3448 1 , long 8505 1 , at county road, 2.8 miles west of Rocky Face.

5 Mill Creek

M Lat 34 48 I, long 8501 1 , at U.S. Highway 41, 3.8 miles northwest of Dalton.

6

Do.

c Lat 34 48 I, long 8459 1 , 1,000 ft
upstream from city pumping plant, at Dalton.

7 Conasauga River
C Continuous record M Miscellaneous site T TVA site

c Lat 3440', long 84 56 I 1 at county
road, at Tilton.

Drainage area
(sq mi)
1. 78

Estimated average flow (Mgal/d)
1.8

Estimated 7-day,lO-year minimum flow
(Mgal/d)
0

Water use (1970)
(Mgal/d)

180

187

21

87

90

7.8

24.3

25

4.3

18

18

2.3

38.4

46a

9.0a

682

744b

57b

a Based on continuous daily flow, 1944-58. b Based on continuous daily flow, 1938-68.

Otl

,.

,".I.. " I

,...
I
w,...
I

en
H
rl
""

0
"rt
ro

",~...
'<
"""'''
o"

w" "w

0
"0 '
0

,,......
w
0

0..c'0."...".

rl
sf-'
11>

"'

'< G""l
."0.'.
00 f-'

,__ ,... "' 0

~

~f-'

r'"t""n'

'"' '"' w w n

w::C

"' 0

0

0 ~

~oo ...

"
0
'"0'

ro

""'

c
"00

Total iron

" 0

" (Fe) (~g/ 1) ""f-'

'z""
rc"".,...t..

.<r.o.!

Total manganese (Mn) (~g/1)

"rt

,...rl Dissolved
f-' calcium (Ca)

".""c0.'"'.

rt 0
~ Dissolved magnes-
ium (Mg)

"11> "' I ~

Sodium

~

(Na)

Potassium (K)

"'(X)

~

Alkalinity as CaCO 3

Sulfate (504)

?' (X)
'"' 0

?

N

N

0

0

?

N

0

(X)

N

0
""'' "0'

Chloride (Cl)
Nitrite plus nitrate (N)
Ammonia nitrogen (N)
Total phosphoru:::: (P)
Total filtrable residue

Total nonfiltrable residue

i

>-l
"o,..".
"' 'N"'

I I
n

'~"

:,,f...-..:'..
f-'
...(IQ
"s"'

nf-'
",...
""~,...
'<
1"1>' "'

'0

0

.1,1..>...
f-'

'""
r"..'t.

r..t.
"'

11>
" 3
"'

~
f-' rt
.'"..". ,r.o..
0.
n
c 0
~ rt
'<

"' ~

0

~

,... ,...

"N '

w
"'

;"
N

N

"' "'

0

0

Hardness (Ca,Mg)
Specific conductance (Micromhos)
pH (Units)
Temperature (Degree C)

~

~

0

0

,...

,...
?

w

(X)

Color (Platinum cobalt units)
Dissolved oxygen (Mg/1)

w

"' '"'

N w
0

N w

0

0

0

0

0

0

Biochemical oxygen demand (Mg/1)
Fecal coliform (MPN)

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