Georgia Weatherization Assistance Program single family field guide: standard work specifications field guide for single-family homes

Georgia Weatherization Assistance Program Single Family Field Guide
June 2018
Standard Work Specifications Field Guide for
Single-Family Homes
created by the
Georgia Environmental Finance Authority

Page Intentionally Left Blank

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Summary
The Georgia Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP) Single Family Field Guide was developed to align with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Standard Work Specifications (SWS) for Single Family Home Energy Upgrades and to support and promote high quality work. This guide was created through a collaborative effort between Southface Energy Institute, Santa Fe Community College, and other participating DOE Weatherization Training Centers. It includes text and photo guides to assist Retrofit Installer Technicians, Crew Leaders, Energy Auditors, and Quality Control Inspectors with effectively performing the tasks required by the WAP. All sections in this Field Guide follow the requirements set forth by the SWS. All tasks and methods outlined in this Field Guide define measure installation and diagnostic testing best practices that should be followed throughout the state.
Codes and Standards
While the SWS and Georgia Weatherization Single Family Field Guide will help identify the desired outcomes of energy efficiency measures in a weatherization or home energy upgrade project, they are not a replacement for the codes and/or technical standards mandated by a particular jurisdiction. State, local, or municipal code or ordinance has legal precedence and users should obtain copies of the applicable codes and standards for their jurisdiction before performing the work.

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Table of Contents
2 Health and Safety
2.01 Safe Work Practices
2.0100 Safe Work Practices
2.0100.1 Global Worker Safety 2.0100.1b Hand protection ................................................................................................................ 20 2.0100.1c Respiratory protection ...................................................................................................... 21 2.0100.1d Electrical safety ................................................................................................................ 23 2.0100.1e Carbon monoxide (CO) .................................................................................................... 24 2.0100.1f Personal Protective Equipment ........................................................................................ 25 2.0100.1g Confined space safety ...................................................................................................... 26 2.0100.1j Ergonomic safety.............................................................................................................. 28 2.0100.1m Thermal stress.................................................................................................................. 28
2.0103 Heating and Cooling Equipment
2.0103.1 Combustion Worker Safety 2.0103.1b Carbon monoxide (CO) .................................................................................................... 30 2.0103.1c Raw fuel............................................................................................................................ 30
2.0106 Material Safety
2.0106.1 Material Selection, Labeling, and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) 2.0106.1a Material selection ............................................................................................................. 33 2.0106.1b Material labels .................................................................................................................. 33 2.0106.1c Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) ............................................................................. 33
2.0107 Basements and Crawl Spaces
2.0107.2 Basements and Crawl Spaces--Pre-Work Qualifications 2.0107.2a Fuel leaks ......................................................................................................................... 35 2.0107.3 Basements and Crawl Spaces--Debris Removal 2.0107.3a Debris removal ................................................................................................................. 37
2.02 Combustion Safety
2.0201 Combustion Safety General
2.0201.1 Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Testing 2.0201.1a Assessment ...................................................................................................................... 38 2.0201.1b Fuel leak detection ........................................................................................................... 39 2.0201.1c Venting ............................................................................................................................. 41 2.0201.1d Base pressure test ........................................................................................................... 42 2.0201.1e Depressurization test........................................................................................................ 43 2.0201.2 Combustion Safety - Make-up Air 2.0201.2a Outside combustion make-up air...................................................................................... 46 2.0201.2b New appliances ................................................................................................................ 47 2.0201.2c CO detection and warning equipment .............................................................................. 47 2.0201.2d Gas ovens ........................................................................................................................ 48 2.0201.2e Gas range burners ........................................................................................................... 49 2.0201.2f Solid fuel burning appliances ........................................................................................... 50

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2.0201.3 Vented Combustion Appliance Safety Testing 2.0201.3a Spillage Test..................................................................................................................... 52 2.0201.3b Carbon monoxide (CO) test in appliance vent ................................................................. 52
2.0202 Unvented Space Heaters
2.0202.1 Unvented Space Heaters: Propane, Natural Gas, and Kerosene Heaters 2.0202.1a Removal ........................................................................................................................... 55 2.0202.1b Occupant education ......................................................................................................... 55
2.0203 Vented Gas Appliances
2.0203.1 Combustion Air for Natural Draft Appliances 2.0203.1a Required combustion air .................................................................................................. 56 2.0203.1b Additional combustion air (if action is required)................................................................ 56 2.0203.1c Spillage testing ................................................................................................................. 56 2.0203.2 Combustion Flue Gas--Orphaned Water Heaters 2.0203.2a Spillage testing ................................................................................................................. 58 2.0203.2b Flue gas removal (chimney liner or approved methods) .................................................. 58 2.0203.2c Retesting spillage ............................................................................................................. 60 2.0203.4 Occupant Education 2.0203.4a Occupant health and safety.............................................................................................. 62 2.0203.4b Occupant education ......................................................................................................... 62
2.03 Safety Devices
2.0301 Combustion Safety Devices
2.0301.1 Smoke Alarm 2.0301.1a Smoke alarm (hardwired) ................................................................................................. 64 2.0301.1b Smoke alarm (battery operated)....................................................................................... 64 2.0301.2 Carbon Monoxide Alarm or Monitor 2.0301.2a CO detection and warning equipment (hardwired) ........................................................... 65 2.0301.2b CO detection and warning equipment (battery operated) ................................................ 65
2.04 Moisture
2.0403 Vapor Barriers
2.0403.1 Vented Crawl Spaces--Ground Moisture Barrier 2.0403.1b Coverage .......................................................................................................................... 66 2.0403.1c Material specification ........................................................................................................ 66 2.0403.1d Overlap seams ................................................................................................................. 67 2.0403.1e Fastening.......................................................................................................................... 68 2.0403.2 Closed Crawl Spaces--Ground Moisture Barriers 2.0403.2b Coverage .......................................................................................................................... 71 2.0403.2c Material specification ........................................................................................................ 72 2.0403.2d Overlap seams ................................................................................................................. 73 2.0403.2e Fastening.......................................................................................................................... 74 2.0403.2f Sealing seams .................................................................................................................. 75

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2.05 Radon
2.0501 Air Sealing
2.0501.1 Radon--Air Sealing Considerations, Basements, and Crawl spaces 2.0501.1a Radon testing and mitigation ............................................................................................ 77
2.06 Electrical
2.0601 Knob and Tube Wiring
2.0601.1 Knob and Tube Wiring 2.0601.1a Knob and tube identification ............................................................................................. 78 2.0601.1b Live wire testing................................................................................................................ 78 2.0601.1c Isolation and protection .................................................................................................... 79 2.0601.1d Replacement .................................................................................................................... 81
2.07 Occupant Education and Access
2.0701 Basements and Crawl Spaces
2.0701.1 Crawl Spaces--Providing New Access 2.0701.1a Crawl Spaces - Providing New Access ............................................................................ 84 2.0701.1b Security............................................................................................................................. 84 2.0701.2 Crawl Space Information Sign 2.0701.2a Sign specifications............................................................................................................ 85 2.0701.2b Sign content ..................................................................................................................... 85 2.0701.2c Hazard warning ................................................................................................................ 87
3 Air Sealing
3.10 Attics
3.1001 Penetrations and Chases
3.1001.1 Penetrations and Chases 3.1001.1d High temperature application ........................................................................................... 89 3.1001.2 Chase Capping 3.1001.2a Pre-inspection .................................................................................................................. 91 3.1001.2b Standard chase (interior walls covered with drywall or plaster) ....................................... 92 3.1001.2c Non-standard chase (interior walls covered with wood or paneling) ................................ 93 3.1001.2d Support ............................................................................................................................. 94 3.1001.2e Joint seal .......................................................................................................................... 96 3.1001.2f Adjacent framing .............................................................................................................. 97 3.1001.3 Walls Open to Attic--Balloon Framing and Double Walls 3.1001.3b Sealing methods............................................................................................................... 99 3.1001.3c Support ........................................................................................................................... 101 3.1001.3d Joint seal ........................................................................................................................ 102 3.1001.3e Adjacent framing ............................................................................................................ 103 3.1001.10 Non-Insulation Contact (IC) Recessed Light 3.1001.10a Air barrier system ........................................................................................................... 105 3.1001.10b Enclosure top ................................................................................................................. 105 3.1001.10c Clearance ....................................................................................................................... 106 3.1001.10d Sealants and weather stripping ...................................................................................... 106

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3.1003 Dropped Ceilings and Soffits
3.1003.1 New Ceiling Below Original--Old Ceiling Intact or Repairable 3.1003.1b Sealing methods............................................................................................................. 107 3.1003.1c Support ........................................................................................................................... 109 3.1003.1d Joint seal ........................................................................................................................ 111 3.1003.1e Adjacent framing ............................................................................................................ 112
3.1003.2 Ceiling Leaks Not Repairable--No Air Barrier Above 3.1003.2c Support ........................................................................................................................... 114 3.1003.2d Joint seal ........................................................................................................................ 115 3.1003.2e Adjacent framing ............................................................................................................ 116
3.1003.3 Above Closets and Tubs 3.1003.3b Above closets and tubs .................................................................................................. 118 3.1003.3c Support ........................................................................................................................... 120 3.1003.3d Joint seal ........................................................................................................................ 122 3.1003.3e Adjacent framing ............................................................................................................ 123
3.1003.4 Dropped Ceilings 3.1003.4c Support ........................................................................................................................... 125 3.1003.4d Joint seal ........................................................................................................................ 126 3.1003.4e Adjacent framing ............................................................................................................ 127
3.1003.6 Dropped Soffits 3.1003.6b Soffit general .................................................................................................................. 129 3.1003.6c Option 1: bring soffit inside (seal at top) ......................................................................... 130 3.1003.6d Option 2: leave soffit outside (seal at bottom or side) .................................................... 131
3.1005 Other Ceiling Materials
3.1005.1 Tongue and Groove Ceilings 3.1005.1a Pre-inspection ................................................................................................................ 134 3.1005.1b Backing........................................................................................................................... 134 3.1005.1c Sealant selection ............................................................................................................ 134
3.12 Windows and Doors
3.1201 Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing
3.1201.1 Double-Hung Wood Windows 3.1201.1a Lead paint assessment .................................................................................................. 136 3.1201.1d Replacement sills ........................................................................................................... 137
3.1201.2 Single-Unit Window and Fixed Frame with Wood Sash 3.1201.2a Lead paint assessment .................................................................................................. 140
3.1201.3 Exterior Doors 3.1201.3a Lead paint assessment .................................................................................................. 143 3.1201.3b Door operation and fit ..................................................................................................... 144 3.1201.3c Air infiltration................................................................................................................... 146 3.1201.3d Water infiltration.............................................................................................................. 147
3.1202 Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass
3.1202.1 Fixed Frame with Wood Sash--Older House 3.1202.1a Lead paint assessment .................................................................................................. 149 3.1202.1b Broken glass removal ..................................................................................................... 150

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3.1202.1c Sash preparation ............................................................................................................ 152 3.1202.1d New glass installation ..................................................................................................... 153
3.1202.2 Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening--Newer House 3.1202.2a Lead paint assessment .................................................................................................. 156 3.1202.2b Broken glass removal ..................................................................................................... 157 3.1202.2c Opening preparation....................................................................................................... 159 3.1202.2d New glass installation ..................................................................................................... 160
3.1203 Replacement
3.1203.1 Replacement Window in Existing Window Frame 3.1203.1a Lead paint assessment .................................................................................................. 163 3.1203.1b Opening preparation....................................................................................................... 164 3.1203.1c Replacement window installation ................................................................................... 165
3.1203.2 Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening--Newer House 3.1203.2a Lead paint assessment .................................................................................................. 168 3.1203.2b Opening preparation....................................................................................................... 170 3.1203.2c Replacement unit preparation ........................................................................................ 171 3.1203.2d Replacement window installation ................................................................................... 172
3.14 Basements and Crawl Spaces
3.1402 Crawl Spaces
3.1402.1 Crawl Spaces--Sealing Floor Penetrations 3.1402.1a Backing and infill ............................................................................................................ 175 3.1402.1b Sealant selection ............................................................................................................ 176 3.1402.1c High temperature application ......................................................................................... 177
3.1402.3 Closed Crawl Spaces--Air Sealing Exterior Wall 3.1402.3a Seal penetrations ........................................................................................................... 180 3.1402.3b Pest exclusion ................................................................................................................ 181
3.15 Attached Garages
3.1501 Garage Openings
3.1501.1 Penetrations, Cracks, and Doors Between Garage and House 3.1501.1a Penetrations ................................................................................................................... 183 3.1501.1b Ductwork......................................................................................................................... 183 3.1501.1c Cracks ............................................................................................................................ 185 3.1501.1d Garage to house door .................................................................................................... 186 3.1501.1e Glass .............................................................................................................................. 188 3.1501.1f Carbon monoxide (CO) alarm ........................................................................................ 190 3.1501.1g Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 190
3.16 Ducts
3.1601 Duct Preparation
3.1601.1 Preparation and Mechanical Fastening 3.1601.1a Preparation ..................................................................................................................... 192 3.1601.1b Metal to metal ................................................................................................................. 192 3.1601.1c Flex to metal ................................................................................................................... 193 3.1601.1d Duct board to duct board ................................................................................................ 193

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3.1601.1e Flexible duct to duct board ............................................................................................. 193 3.1601.1f Metal plenum to air handler cabinet ............................................................................... 193 3.1601.1g Duct board plenum to air handler cabinet ...................................................................... 194 3.1601.1h Boot to wood .................................................................................................................. 194 3.1601.1i Boot to gypsum .............................................................................................................. 194 3.1601.1j Flex to duct board........................................................................................................... 195
3.1601.2 Duct Preparation for SPF Application 3.1601.2a Inspection ....................................................................................................................... 196 3.1601.2b Repair ............................................................................................................................. 196
3.1601.3 Support 3.1601.3a Support (applies to all duct types) .................................................................................. 198
3.1602 Duct Sealing
3.1602.1 Air Sealing Duct System 3.1602.1c Existing component to existing component .................................................................... 200
3.1602.2 Duct Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Installation 3.1602.2a Installation ...................................................................................................................... 202
3.1602.3 Proprietary Spray Application 3.1602.3a Internal or external application ....................................................................................... 203
3.1602.4 Air Sealing System Components 3.1602.4a Duct boot to interior surface ........................................................................................... 204 3.1602.4b Wooden plenums and building cavities .......................................................................... 205 3.1602.4c Air handler cabinet ......................................................................................................... 207 3.1602.4d Filter slot ......................................................................................................................... 208
3.1602.5 Return--Framed Platform 3.1602.5a Preparation ..................................................................................................................... 210 3.1602.5b Infill and backing............................................................................................................. 210 3.1602.5c Sealant selection ............................................................................................................ 212
4 Insulation
4.10 Attics
4.1001 General Preparation
4.1001.1 Non-Insulation Contact (IC) Recessed Light 4.1001.1a Air barrier system ........................................................................................................... 213 4.1001.1b Enclosure top ................................................................................................................. 214 4.1001.1c Clearance ....................................................................................................................... 215 4.1001.1d Sealants and weather stripping ...................................................................................... 216
4.1001.2 Knob and Tube Wiring 4.1001.2a Identifying knob and tube wiring ..................................................................................... 218 4.1001.2b Testing to determine if live ............................................................................................. 219 4.1001.2c Isolate or replace ............................................................................................................ 219
4.1001.3 Fireplace Chimney and Combustion Flue Vents 4.1001.3a Verify attic prep .............................................................................................................. 222 4.1001.3b Required clearance ........................................................................................................ 223 4.1001.3c Safety ............................................................................................................................. 224 4.1001.3d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 224

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4.1001.4 Vented Eave or Soffit Baffles 4.1001.4a Installation ...................................................................................................................... 226
4.1003 Attic Ceilings
4.1003.3 Unvented Flat Roof with Existing Insulation 4.1003.3a Ventilation....................................................................................................................... 228 4.1003.3b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 229 4.1003.3c Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 230
4.1004 Knee Walls
4.1004.1 Preparation for Dense Packing 4.1004.1a Backing........................................................................................................................... 232 4.1004.1b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 234
4.1004.2 Preparation for Batt Insulation 4.1004.2a Knee wall prep for batts.................................................................................................. 236 4.1004.2b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 237 4.1004.2c Backing knee wall........................................................................................................... 238
4.1004.3 Strapping for Existing Insulation 4.1004.3a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 241 4.1004.3b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 241 4.1004.3c Attachment ..................................................................................................................... 241 4.1004.3d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 242
4.1004.4 Knee Wall Without Framing 4.1004.4a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 243 4.1004.4b Flat cavity present .......................................................................................................... 243 4.1004.4c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 243 4.1004.4d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 244
4.1005 Attic Floors
4.1005.1 Accessible Floors--Batt Installation 4.1005.1a Preparation ..................................................................................................................... 245 4.1005.1b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 246 4.1005.1c Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 247
4.1005.2 Accessible Floors--Loose Fill Installation 4.1005.2a Preparation ..................................................................................................................... 249 4.1005.2b Air barrier........................................................................................................................ 251 4.1005.2c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 252 4.1005.2d Onsite documentation .................................................................................................... 253
4.1005.3 Accessible Floors--Batt Insulation Over Existing Insulation 4.1005.3e Onsite documentation .................................................................................................... 255
4.1005.4 Accessible Floors--Loose Fill Over Existing Insulation 4.1005.4d Onsite documentation .................................................................................................... 257
4.1005.5 Enclosed Bonus Room Floor Over Unconditioned Space--Dense Pack Installation 4.1005.5a Air barrier........................................................................................................................ 259 4.1005.5b Fill floors ......................................................................................................................... 260 4.1005.5c Safety ............................................................................................................................. 262 4.1005.5d Onsite documentation .................................................................................................... 263

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4.1005.6 Enclosed Attic Storage Platform Floor--Dense Pack Installation 4.1005.6a Fill floors ......................................................................................................................... 265 4.1005.6b Safety ............................................................................................................................. 265 4.1005.6c Onsite documentation .................................................................................................... 266 4.1005.6d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 266
4.1006 Attic Openings
4.1006.1 Pull-Down Stairs 4.1006.1a Installation ...................................................................................................................... 267 4.1006.1b Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 268
4.1006.2 Access Doors and Hatches 4.1006.2a Installation ...................................................................................................................... 270 4.1006.2b Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 271 4.1006.2c Attachment ..................................................................................................................... 272
4.1006.3 Whole-House Fan 4.1006.3a Installation ...................................................................................................................... 275 4.1006.3b Air sealing....................................................................................................................... 275 4.1006.3c Attachment ..................................................................................................................... 275 4.1006.3d Durability......................................................................................................................... 276 4.1006.3e Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 276
4.1088 Special Considerations
4.1088.1 Attic Ventilation 4.1088.1a Air barrier and thermal boundary.................................................................................... 277 4.1088.1b Vent type ........................................................................................................................ 277 4.1088.1c Vent location................................................................................................................... 277 4.1088.1d Ventilation baffling .......................................................................................................... 278 4.1088.1e Ventilation screens ......................................................................................................... 278
4.1088.3 Skylights 4.1088.3b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 280 4.1088.3c Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 281
4.11 Walls
4.1101 Preparation
4.1101.1 Exterior Wall Dense Packing 4.1101.1a Preparation ..................................................................................................................... 284 4.1101.1b Exterior dense pack........................................................................................................ 285
4.1101.2 Exterior Wall Insulating Sheathing 4.1101.2a Wall cladding removal .................................................................................................... 286 4.1101.2b Wall cladding replacement ............................................................................................. 286
4.1102 Accessible Walls
4.1102.1 Open-Cavity Wall Insulation--General 4.1102.1a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 287 4.1102.1b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 288 4.1102.1c Pre-drywall verification ................................................................................................... 289 4.1102.1d Onsite documentation .................................................................................................... 290

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4.1103 Enclosed Walls
4.1103.1 Dense Pack Exterior Walls 4.1103.1a Exterior dense pack........................................................................................................ 292 4.1103.1b Onsite documentation .................................................................................................... 292
4.1103.2 Additional Exterior Wall Cavities 4.1103.2a Location of cavities ......................................................................................................... 294 4.1103.2b Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 294 4.1103.2d Quality assurance........................................................................................................... 295 4.1103.2e Close holes..................................................................................................................... 296
4.1103.3 Insulated Sheathing and Insulated Siding Installation 4.1103.3a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 299 4.1103.3b Location of wall framing.................................................................................................. 299 4.1103.3c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 299 4.1103.3d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 300
4.13 Floors
4.1301 Accessible Floors
4.1301.1 Standard Floor System--Batt Installation 4.1301.1a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 301 4.1301.1b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 302 4.1301.1c Securing batts ................................................................................................................ 303 4.1301.1d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 304
4.1301.2 Standard Floor System--Loose Fill with Netting 4.1301.2a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 307 4.1301.2b Netting, fabric ................................................................................................................. 308 4.1301.2c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 309 4.1301.2d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 311
4.1301.3 Standard Floor System--Loose Fill with Rigid Barrier 4.1301.3a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 313 4.1301.3b Rigid air barrier ............................................................................................................... 314 4.1301.3c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 315 4.1301.3d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 317
4.1301.4 Dense Pack Floor System with Rigid Barrier 4.1301.4a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 319 4.1301.4b Rigid air barrier ............................................................................................................... 320 4.1301.4c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 321 4.1301.4d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 323
4.1301.5 Cantilevered Floor--Batt Installation 4.1301.5a Air barrier........................................................................................................................ 325 4.1301.5b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 326 4.1301.5c Attachment ..................................................................................................................... 327 4.1301.5c Attachment ..................................................................................................................... 328 4.1301.5d Exterior soffit................................................................................................................... 329 4.1301.5e Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 330
4.1301.6 Pier Construction Subfloor Insulation--Batt Installation with Rigid Barrier 4.1301.6a Subfloor preparation ....................................................................................................... 332

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4.1301.6b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 333 4.1301.6c Secure batts ................................................................................................................... 335 4.1301.6d Rigid air barrier ............................................................................................................... 336 4.1301.6e Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 337
4.1301.7 Pier Construction Subfloor Insulation--Loose Fill with Rigid Barrier 4.1301.7a Subfloor preparation ....................................................................................................... 339 4.1301.7b Rigid air barrier ............................................................................................................... 340 4.1301.7c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 341 4.1301.7d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 343
4.1301.8 Pier Construction Subfloor Installation--Dense Pack with Rigid Barrier 4.1301.8a Subfloor preparation ....................................................................................................... 345 4.1301.8b Rigid air barrier ............................................................................................................... 346 4.1301.8c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 347 4.1301.8d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 349
4.16 Ducts
4.1601 Insulating Ducts
4.1601.1 Insulating Flex Ducts 4.1601.1a Removal of existing flexible ducting ............................................................................... 351 4.1601.1b Selection of new flexible ducting .................................................................................... 351 4.1601.1c Sizing of new flex ........................................................................................................... 351 4.1601.1d Installation of flex............................................................................................................ 352 4.1601.1e Interior liner attachment.................................................................................................. 352 4.1601.1f Sealing of interior liner.................................................................................................... 352 4.1601.1g Attachment of exterior liner ............................................................................................ 352 4.1601.1h Sealing of all accessible ducts ....................................................................................... 353 4.1601.1i Insulation of all fittings .................................................................................................... 353 4.1601.1j Completeness of vapor barrier ....................................................................................... 353
4.1601.2 Insulating Metal Ducts 4.1601.2a Selection of duct insulation material ............................................................................... 355 4.1601.2b Duct sealing.................................................................................................................... 356 4.1601.2c Attachment of duct insulation ......................................................................................... 357 4.1601.2d Taping of the duct insulation .......................................................................................... 358
5 Heating and Cooling
5.30 Forced Air
5.3001 Design
5.3001.1 Load Calculation and Equipment Selection 5.3001.1a Load calculation ............................................................................................................. 359 5.3001.1b Equipment selection ....................................................................................................... 359 5.3001.1c Air filtration...................................................................................................................... 359
5.3001.2 Ductwork and Termination Design 5.3001.2a Duct design .................................................................................................................... 361 5.3001.2b Termination design ......................................................................................................... 361 5.3001.2c Air filtration...................................................................................................................... 361

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5.3002 Site Preparation
5.3002.1 Preparation for New Equipment 5.3002.1a Access ............................................................................................................................ 363 5.3002.1b Utility disconnect ............................................................................................................ 363 5.3002.1c Refrigerant recovery ....................................................................................................... 363 5.3002.1d Equipment disconnection ............................................................................................... 364 5.3002.1e Removal ......................................................................................................................... 364
5.3003 System Assessment and Maintenance
5.3003.1 Data Plate Verification 5.3003.1a Data plate verification ..................................................................................................... 365
5.3003.3 Evaluating Air Flow 5.3003.3a Total air flow ................................................................................................................... 366 5.3003.3b External static pressure .................................................................................................. 366 5.3003.3c Pressure ......................................................................................................................... 367 5.3003.3d Filter Inspection .............................................................................................................. 367 5.3003.3e Balancing room flow: new ductwork ............................................................................... 368 5.3003.3f Supply and return temperature measurements .............................................................. 368 5.3003.3h Temperature rise: gas and oil furnaces only .................................................................. 369
5.3003.4 Evaluating Electrical Service 5.3003.4a Polarity............................................................................................................................ 370 5.3003.4b Voltage/amperage: incoming power ............................................................................... 370 5.3003.4c Voltage: contactor .......................................................................................................... 370 5.3003.4d Grounding....................................................................................................................... 371 5.3003.4e Blower amperage ........................................................................................................... 371 5.3003.4f Compressor amperage................................................................................................... 371 5.3003.4g Door switch operation..................................................................................................... 372 5.3003.4h Heat pump: emergency heat .......................................................................................... 372
5.3003.5 Refrigerant Line Inspection 5.3003.5a Insulation ........................................................................................................................ 373 5.3003.5b Ultraviolet (UV) protection of insulation .......................................................................... 373 5.3003.5c Sizing.............................................................................................................................. 373 5.3003.5d Installation quality ........................................................................................................... 374 5.3003.5e Support ........................................................................................................................... 374
5.3003.9 Heating and Cooling Controls 5.3003.9a Removal of mercury- based thermostats ....................................................................... 375 5.3003.9b Removal of existing controls .......................................................................................... 375 5.3003.9c Penetrations ................................................................................................................... 375 5.3003.9d Thermostat location ........................................................................................................ 376 5.3003.9e Blower speed.................................................................................................................. 376 5.3003.9f Thermostat selection: heat pump ................................................................................... 376 5.3003.9g Heat pump: supplementary heat .................................................................................... 377 5.3003.9h Heat pump: low ambient compressor lockout ................................................................ 377 5.3003.9i Heat pump: outside temperature sensor ........................................................................ 377 5.3003.9j Heat pump: supplementary heat wiring .......................................................................... 378 5.3003.9k Thermostat: installer programming................................................................................. 378

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5.3003.9l Time delay settings ........................................................................................................ 378 5.3003.9m Humidistat: location ........................................................................................................ 379 5.3003.9n Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 379
5.3003.10 Condensate Drainage of Heating and Air Conditioning Equipment 5.3003.10a Connection ..................................................................................................................... 380 5.3003.10b Insulation ........................................................................................................................ 381 5.3003.10c Overflow protection: upflow ............................................................................................ 381 5.3003.10d Pumps ............................................................................................................................ 382 5.3003.10g Float switch..................................................................................................................... 383
5.3003.14 Combustion Analysis of Gas-Fired Appliances (LP and Natural Gas) 5.3003.14a Gas Pressure.................................................................................................................. 385 5.3003.14b Place appliance in operation .......................................................................................... 385 5.3003.14c Carbon dioxide (CO2)and oxygen (O2).......................................................................... 386 5.3003.14d Carbon monoxide (CO) in flue gas ................................................................................. 386 5.3003.14e Testing/inspection holes ................................................................................................. 386
6 Ventilation
6.60 Exhaust
6.6002 Components
6.6002.1 Ducts 6.6002.1a Duct design and configuration ........................................................................................ 388 6.6002.1b Duct insulation ................................................................................................................ 388 6.6002.1c Duct support ................................................................................................................... 390 6.6002.1d Duct connections ............................................................................................................ 392 6.6002.1e Duct materials................................................................................................................. 393
6.6002.2 Terminations 6.6002.2a Hole in building shell ...................................................................................................... 396 6.6002.2b Termination fitting ........................................................................................................... 397 6.6002.2c Duct to termination connection ....................................................................................... 398 6.6002.2d Weatherproof installation................................................................................................ 400 6.6002.2e Pest exclusion ................................................................................................................ 401 6.6002.2f Termination location ....................................................................................................... 402 6.6002.2g Kitchen exhaust .............................................................................................................. 403
6.6002.3 Exhaust-Only Ventilation--Fan Intake Grille Location 6.6002.3a Primary whole house ventilation..................................................................................... 405 6.6002.3b Local ventilation.............................................................................................................. 405
6.6003 Fans
6.6003.1 Surface-Mounted Ducted 6.6003.1a Hole through interior surface .......................................................................................... 406 6.6003.1b Wiring ............................................................................................................................. 406 6.6003.1c Fan mounting ................................................................................................................. 406 6.6003.1d Backdraft damper ........................................................................................................... 407 6.6003.1e Duct to fan connection.................................................................................................... 407 6.6003.1f Fan housing seal ............................................................................................................ 408 6.6003.1g Fan to interior surface seal ............................................................................................. 408

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6.6003.1h Air flow............................................................................................................................ 408 6.6003.1i Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans ............................................................. 409 6.6003.1j Combustion safety.......................................................................................................... 409
6.6003.2 Inline 6.6003.2a Wiring ............................................................................................................................. 410 6.6003.2b Access ............................................................................................................................ 410 6.6003.2c Fan mounting ................................................................................................................. 410 6.6003.2d Backdraft damper ........................................................................................................... 411 6.6003.2e Duct connections ............................................................................................................ 411 6.6003.2f Boot to interior surface seal............................................................................................ 412 6.6003.2g Air flow............................................................................................................................ 412 6.6003.2h Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans ............................................................. 412 6.6003.2i Combustion safety.......................................................................................................... 413
6.6003.3 Through the Wall 6.6003.3a Hole in building shell ...................................................................................................... 414 6.6003.3a Hole in building shell ...................................................................................................... 414 6.6003.3b Wiring ............................................................................................................................. 416 6.6003.3c Fan mounting ................................................................................................................. 417 6.6003.3d Weatherproof installation................................................................................................ 418 6.6003.3e Backdraft damper ........................................................................................................... 419 6.6003.3f Fan housing seal ............................................................................................................ 420 6.6003.3g Fan to interior surface seal ............................................................................................. 421 6.6003.3i Air flow............................................................................................................................ 421 6.6003.3j Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans ............................................................. 422 6.6003.3k Combustion safety.......................................................................................................... 423
6.6005 Appliance Exhaust Vents
6.6005.1 Clothes Dryer 6.6005.1a Clothes dryer ducting ..................................................................................................... 426 6.6005.1b Termination fitting ........................................................................................................... 428 6.6005.1c Make-up air..................................................................................................................... 429 6.6005.1d Combustion safety.......................................................................................................... 430 6.6005.1e Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 432
6.6005.2 Kitchen Range 6.6005.2b Fan venting..................................................................................................................... 434 6.6005.2c Fan ducting..................................................................................................................... 434 6.6005.2d Termination fitting ........................................................................................................... 436 6.6005.2e Make-up air..................................................................................................................... 437 6.6005.2f Combustion safety.......................................................................................................... 438
6.61 Supply
6.6102 Components
6.6102.1 Outside Air Ventilation Supply Ducts 6.6102.1a Duct design and configuration ........................................................................................ 441 6.6102.1b Duct insulation ................................................................................................................ 441 6.6102.1c Duct support ................................................................................................................... 441 6.6102.1d Duct connections ............................................................................................................ 442

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6.6102.1e Duct materials................................................................................................................. 443 6.6102.1f Outdoor air intake location ............................................................................................. 443
6.6102.2 Intakes 6.6102.2a Hole in building shell ...................................................................................................... 445 6.6102.2b Intake fitting .................................................................................................................... 445 6.6102.2c Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 445 6.6102.2d Damper (if applicable) .................................................................................................... 446 6.6102.2e Connection to intake fitting ............................................................................................. 446 6.6102.2f Weatherproofing ............................................................................................................. 447 6.6102.2g Pest exclusion ................................................................................................................ 447 6.6102.2h Intake location ................................................................................................................ 448
6.6102.3 Intake for Ventilation Air to Forced Air System Used for Heating or Cooling 6.6102.3a Forced air system requirements ..................................................................................... 449 6.6102.3b Wiring ............................................................................................................................. 449 6.6102.3c Access ............................................................................................................................ 449 6.6102.3d Mounting intake duct ...................................................................................................... 450 6.6102.3e Motorized damper .......................................................................................................... 450 6.6102.3f Intake filter ...................................................................................................................... 451 6.6102.3g Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 451
6.6103 Fans
6.6103.1 Inline or Multi-Port 6.6103.1a Wiring ............................................................................................................................. 452 6.6103.1b Access ............................................................................................................................ 452 6.6103.1c Fan mounting ................................................................................................................. 452 6.6103.1d Damper (required for intermittent operation) .................................................................. 453 6.6103.1e Duct connections ............................................................................................................ 453 6.6103.1f Filter................................................................................................................................ 454 6.6103.1g Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 454 6.6103.1h Boot to interior surface seal............................................................................................ 455
6.62 Whole Building Ventilation
6.6201 Air Flow Requirements
6.6201.2 Primary Ventilation Air Flow between Rooms 6.6201.2a Balancing pressure......................................................................................................... 456
6.6202 Components
6.6202.1 Controls 6.6202.1a Primary ventilation fan (whole-house volume) ............................................................... 458 6.6202.1b Local exhaust--local fan ................................................................................................ 458 6.6202.1c Wiring ............................................................................................................................. 459 6.6202.1d Manual override.............................................................................................................. 459 6.6202.1e Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 459
6.6202.2 Heat Recovery Ventilator (HRV) and Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV) Installation 6.6202.2a Wiring ............................................................................................................................. 461 6.6202.2b Access ............................................................................................................................ 461 6.6202.2c Fan mounting ................................................................................................................. 461

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6.6202.2d Backdraft dampers (required for intermittent operation)................................................. 462 6.6202.2e Installation of fittings ....................................................................................................... 462 6.6202.2f Duct connections ............................................................................................................ 463 6.6202.2g Duct layout ..................................................................................................................... 464 6.6202.2h Insulation ........................................................................................................................ 464 6.6202.2i Sealant selection ............................................................................................................ 465 6.6202.2j Balance and flow ............................................................................................................ 465 6.6202.2k Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 465
6.99 Additional Resources
6.9901 Codes and Standards Resources
6.9901.1 Supplemental Ventilation Information--ASHRAE 62.2 6.9901.1a Ventilation fan flow rate .................................................................................................. 467
7 Baseload
7.80 Plug Load
7.8001 Refrigerators/Freezers
7.8001.1 Refrigerator and Freezer Replacement 7.8001.1a Selection......................................................................................................................... 468 7.8001.1b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 468 7.8001.1c Decommissioning ........................................................................................................... 469 7.8001.2 Cleaning and Tuning Existing Refrigerators and Freezers 7.8001.2a Clean and tune ............................................................................................................... 470
7.81 Water Heating
7.8101 Water Use Reduction
7.8101.1 Shower Head and Faucet Aerator 7.8101.1a Work assessment ........................................................................................................... 471 7.8101.1b Selection......................................................................................................................... 471 7.8101.1c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 471 7.8101.1d Decommissioning ........................................................................................................... 472
7.8102 Installation and Replacement
7.8102.1 Water Heater Selection 7.8102.1a Selection parameters ..................................................................................................... 474 7.8102.1b Product selection ............................................................................................................ 475 7.8102.2 Storage-Type Appliance 7.8102.2e Expansion tank ............................................................................................................... 476 7.8102.2f Temperature and pressure relief valve........................................................................... 476 7.8102.2k Discharge temperature ................................................................................................... 478 7.8102.3 On-Demand Appliance 7.8102.3a Hazardous material removal .......................................................................................... 480 7.8102.3b Equipment removal ........................................................................................................ 480 7.8102.3c New equipment installation ............................................................................................ 481 7.8102.3d Emergency drain pan ..................................................................................................... 481 7.8102.3e Temperature and pressure relief valve........................................................................... 482

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7.8102.3f Dielectric unions ............................................................................................................. 482 7.8102.3g Backflow prevention and pressure regulator .................................................................. 482 7.8102.3h Thermal efficiency .......................................................................................................... 483 7.8102.3i Required combustion air ................................................................................................ 483 7.8102.3j Venting of flue gases ...................................................................................................... 483 7.8102.3k Flue gas testing .............................................................................................................. 484 7.8102.3l Electric and fossil fuel supply ......................................................................................... 484 7.8102.3m Cold water supply ........................................................................................................... 485 7.8102.3n Discharge temperature ................................................................................................... 485 7.8102.3o Commissioning of system............................................................................................... 485 7.8102.3p Ambient carbon monoxide (CO) ..................................................................................... 486 7.8102.3q Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 486
7.8103 Maintenance/Inspection
7.8103.1 Storage-Type Appliance 7.8103.1a Health and safety ........................................................................................................... 488 7.8103.1c Thermal efficiency .......................................................................................................... 489 7.8103.1e Temperature and pressure relief valve........................................................................... 490

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Safe Work Practices
2.0100.1 - Global Worker Safety
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
2.0100.1b - Hand protection
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure
Specification(s): Durable and wrist-protecting gloves will be worn that can withstand work activity
Objective(s): Minimize skin contact with contaminants Protect hands from hazards

Unsafe
Recognize potential risks

Safe
Wear appropriate hand protection

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Safe Work Practices

2.0100.1c - Respiratory protection

GOOD: Wear nitrile gloves when handling mastic

Inspect gloves for holes and damage to minimize risk

2.0100.1c - Respiratory protection
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure
Specification(s): If the risk of airborne contaminants cannot be prevented, proper respiratory protection will be provided and worn (e.g., N-95 or equivalent face mask)
When applying low pressure 2-component spray polyurethane foam, air purifying masks with an organic vapor cartridge and P-100 particulate filter will be used
When applying high-pressure SPF insulation, supplied air respirators (SARs) will be used
Consult MSDS for respiratory protection requirements
OSHA 1910.134 shall be followed for the implementation of a respiratory protection program
Objective(s): Minimize exposure to airborne contaminants (e.g., insulation materials, mold spores, feces, bacteria, chemicals)

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Safe Work Practices

2.0100.1c - Respiratory protection

Unsafe
Workers need to properly protect their airways when retrofitting

Best Practice
Retrofits can have multiple different respiratory protection requirements

OSHA regulations defined in 29 CFR 1910.134(f) require organizations requiring respirator use to 1) establish a written respirator program, 2) train all personnel in the proper use and care of their respirators, 3) have personnel medically evaluated for their fitness to wear respirators, and 4) perform annual qualitative and quantitative fit testing on each individual with their assigned respirator

Whenever airborne contaminants are For two-component spray insulation, All P-100s should be fitted to the

a possibility, wear an N-95 mask

P-100 respirators should be used

individual worker

When working with high pressure spray foam, use a Supplied Air

When unsure what level of protection is necessary, check the SDS

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Safe Work Practices Respirator

2.0100.1d - Electrical safety

2.0100.1d - Electrical safety
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure
Specification(s): An electrical safety assessment will be performed All electric tools will be protected by ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCI) Three-wire type extension cords will be used with portable electric tools Worn or frayed electrical cords will not be used Water sources (e.g., condensate pans) and electrical sources will be kept separate Metal ladders will be avoided Special precautions will be taken if knob and tube wiring is present Aluminum foil products will be kept away from live wires For arc flash hazards, NFPA 70E will be consulted
Objective(s): Avoid electrical shock and arc flash hazards

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Safe Work Practices

2.0100.1e - Carbon monoxide (CO)

Unsafe
Inspect house for unsafe electrical situations

Attics and crawl spaces should be inspected closely for electrical safety before work begins

Use GFCIs and three-wire extension Electrical wiring should not be located Use fiberglass ladders in place of

cords for all power tools

near a water source

metal

Recognize if knob and tube wiring is Follow NFPA 70E 2012 guidelines for present and take special precautions arc flash hazards

2.0100.1e - Carbon monoxide (CO)

Desired Outcome:
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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Safe Work Practices

2.0100.1f - Personal Protective Equipment

Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure
Specification(s): All homes will have a carbon monoxide alarm
Ambient CO will be monitored during combustion testing and testing will be discontinued if ambient CO level inside the home or work space exceeds 35 parts per million (ppm)
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant health

Unsafe
STOP WORK if CO levels are higher than 35ppm!!
Tools: 1. CO meter

Best Practice
Install carbon monoxide alarms

2.0100.1f - Personal Protective Equipment
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure
Specification(s): MSDS and OSHA regulations will be consulted for equipment and protective clothing would be worn if contaminants are present(e.g., insulation materials)
Eye protection will always be worn (e.g., safety glasses, goggles if not using full-face respirator)
Objective(s): Protect worker from skin contact with contaminants

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Safe Work Practices
Minimize spread of contaminants Provide eye protection

2.0100.1g - Confined space safety

Before
Workers should be aware of work required and dress appropriately

After
Ensure workers have proper protective equipment for work environment

2.0100.1g - Confined space safety
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure
Specification(s): Spaces with limited ingress and egress and restricted work area will be considered confined space Access and egress points will be located before beginning work Inspection will be conducted for hazards, such as damaged or exposed electrical conductors, mold, sewage effluent, friable asbestos or fiberglass, pests, and other potential hazards Adequate ventilation will be provided Use of toxic material will be reduced
Objective(s): Prevent build-up of toxic or flammable contaminants Reduce risk to the workers in the confined space Provide adequate access and egress points Prevent electrical shock

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Safe Work Practices

2.0100.1g - Confined space safety

After
Locate all access and egress points of confined spaces before entering
From OSHA.gov: "Many workplaces contain areas that are considered "confined spaces" because while they are not necessarily designed for people, they are large enough for workers to enter and perform certain jobs. A confined space also has limited or restricted means for entry or exit and is not designed for continuous occupancy."
https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/confinedspaces/index.html

Perform visual inspection of confined Check for frayed or worn electrical

spaces before beginning work

wires

In confined spaces, use a ventilator

Check GHS labels and Safety Data
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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Safe Work Practices
Sheets for all materials to minimize hazards

2.0100.1j - Ergonomic safety

2.0100.1j - Ergonomic safety
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure
Specification(s): Appropriate PPE will be used (e.g., knee pads, bump caps, additional padding)
Proper equipment will be used for work
Proper lifting techniques will be used
Objective(s): Prevent injuries from awkward postures, repetitive motions, and improper lifting

Unsafe
Workers will take precautions to protect themselves on the job site

Best Practice
Hard hats, knee pads, bump caps, and team lifts help to prevent injury

Visit https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/ergonomics/controlhazards.html for additional guidance.

2.0100.1m - Thermal stress
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure
Specification(s):

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Safe Work Practices

2.0100.1m - Thermal stress

Ensure staff is aware of risks during extreme weather including the symptoms of heat stroke, heat exhaustion, and hypothermia
Appropriate ventilation, hydration, rest breaks, and cooling equipment will be provided
911 will be dialed when necessary
Objective(s): Prevent heat stroke, heat stress, and cold stress related injuries

Attics and crawl spaces can be dangerous work places in the heat

Keep workers comfortable with hydration and cool vests

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Heating and Cooling Equipment
2.0103.1 - Combustion Worker Safety
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure
2.0103.1b - Carbon monoxide (CO)
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure Specification(s): Ambient CO will be monitored during combustion testing and testing will be discontinued if ambient CO level inside the home or work space exceeds 35 parts per million (ppm) Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant health

Before
STOP WORK if CO levels measure above 35ppm!!
Tools: 1. CO meter

After
Install carbon monoxide alarm if none are found.

2.0103.1c - Raw fuel
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Heating and Cooling Equipment

2.0103.1c - Raw fuel

Specification(s): Raw fuel leaks will be monitored for before entering building spaces
If leaks are found, testing will be discontinued and condition reported to occupant immediately
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant health

Before
Fuel leaks need to be repaired by appropriate professional

After
Notify occupant of any leaks

Tools:
1. Combustible gas detector 2. Spray bottle

Materials: 1. Noncorrosive leak detection fluid

Paraphrased from 2012 IRC G2417: Leakage will be located using an approved combustible gas detector, a noncorrosive leak detection fluid or an equivalent nonflammable solution. Matches, candles, open flames or other methods that could provide a source of ignition cannot be used. Where leakage or other defects are located, the affected portion of the piping system will be repaired or replaced and retested.

1
Check all raw fuel lines for leaks

2
Use multiple methods to test for

3
If bubbles develop, leak is present.

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Heating and Cooling Equipment

2.0103.1c - Raw fuel

leakage--bubble solution

Notify occupant

4

5

Any leaks found should be reported to Any leaks found should be reported to

occupant and work stopped

occupant and work stopped

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Material Safety

2.0106.1 - Material Selection, Labeling, and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)
Desired Outcome: Occupant and worker risk from hazardous materials minimized

2.0106.1a - Material selection
Desired Outcome: Occupant and worker risk from hazardous materials minimized
Specification(s): Materials that do not create long-term health risks for occupants and workers will be used
Objective(s): Improve indoor air quality in the living space

2.0106.1b - Material labels
Desired Outcome: Occupant and worker risk from hazardous materials minimized
Specification(s): Manufacturer specifications will be followed
Objective(s): Reduce risk of exposure to harmful substances
Follow safety procedures

2.0106.1c - Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)
Desired Outcome: Occupant and worker risk from hazardous materials minimized
Specification(s): MSDSs will be provided onsite and available during all work

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Material Safety
Objective(s): Assess exposure risk Prepare a response in case of emergency

2.0106.1c - Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Basements and Crawl Spaces
2.0107.2 - Basements and Crawl Spaces--Pre-Work Qualifications
Desired Outcome: Site properly prepared for upgrade
2.0107.2a - Fuel leaks
Desired Outcome: Site properly prepared for upgrade Specification(s): Fuel leaks will be repaired and inspected in accordance with the IRC Objective(s): Ensure site is safe and ready for upgrade

Unsafe
Fuel leaks need to be repaired

Safe
Repairs need to be tested and verified to no longer leak

Tools:
1. Combustion gas detector 2. Testing solution

Paraphrased from 2012 IRC G2417: Leakage will be located using an approved combustible gas detector, a noncorrosive leak detection fluid or an equivalent nonflammable solution. Matches, candles, open flames or other methods that could provide a source of ignition cannot be used. Where leakage or other defects are located, the affected portion of the piping system will be repaired or replaced and retested.

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Basements and Crawl Spaces

2.0107.2a - Fuel leaks

1
Fuel leaks discovered during initial audit should be flagged

2

3

Use approved combustion gas sniffer Repeatedly test repair site for leakage

to see if repaired line still leaks

over a 10min period

4
Allow testing solution to sit on newly repaired pipe joint for 10min

5
Confirm repair and remove flag

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Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Basements and Crawl Spaces
2.0107.3 - Basements and Crawl Spaces--Debris Removal
Desired Outcome: Clean, safe, and easily accessible crawl space created
2.0107.3a - Debris removal
Desired Outcome: Clean, safe, and easily accessible crawl space created Specification(s): Under-floor grade will be removed of all vegetation and organic material Debris that can cause injury or puncture ground covers (e.g., nails, glass, sheet metal screws, etc.) will be removed from the crawl space Objective(s): Minimize punctures in ground liner Minimize habitat for pests (Integrated Pest Management--IPM) and contaminant sources

Before
Crawl spaces with trash and overgrowth need to be made clean and safe.
Tools: 1. Rake 2. Shop vacuum 3. PPE

After
Rake up and clear away trash and overgrowth.

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Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General
2.0201.1 - Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Testing
Desired Outcome: Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered
2.0201.1a - Assessment
Desired Outcome: Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered
Specification(s): Emergency problems (e.g., ambient gas levels greater than 10% Lower Explosion Limit (LEL), ambient CO levels that exceed 70 ppm) will be communicated clearly and immediately to the customer, the home shall be evacuated, and appropriate personnel (e.g.: HVAC technician, utility, emergency services) shall be contacted. ; Significant problems (e.g., gas leak less than 10% LEL, ambient CO levels that exceed 35 ppm but less than 70 ppm) will be communicated clearly and immediately to the customer and appropriate solutions will be suggested Examine appliance for signs of damage, misuse, improper repairs, and lack of maintenance
Objective(s): Ensure system does not have potentially fatal problems

Before
Unsafe combustion appliances indicate need for repair or replacement

After
In cases of replacement, ensure new appliance is safe and sized properly

Follow this process for all homes with combustion appliances:

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Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General

2.0201.1b - Fuel leak detection

If the gas supplier has shut off and locked the gas valve at the meter or the propane storage tank is empty, and the client states they are not and will not be using the appliance(s), then the client will need to remove the appliance(s) or disable them by disconnecting and capping off the gas line.
Since no combustion safety testing was performed, there will be no liability issue if the client later restores fuel to the appliance(s).
If the client refuses to have the system disabled, defer the home. If it appears that the client intends to restore the fuel supply and return the combustion
appliance(s) to service, defer the home until combustion safety testing can be performed on them. Document everything in writing and obtain a client signature to acknowledge the conditions.

Assess existing combustion appliances for damage and replace when necessary

When a simple filter cleaning or

Ensure there is adequate make-up air

replacement will help, make it happen -- combustion air inlet in closet

Stop the misuse of combustion

Keep occupant apprised of any health

appliances -- camp heater in bedroom or safety concerns

2.0201.1b - Fuel leak detection
Desired Outcome:

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Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General

2.0201.1b - Fuel leak detection

Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered
Specification(s): Inspect and test for gas or oil leakage at connections of natural gas, propane piping, or oil systems
If leaks are found, immediate action will be taken to notify occupant to help ensure leaks are repaired
The report will specify repair for leaks and replacement for hazardous or damaged gas or oil connectors and pipes
Objective(s): Detect fuel gas leaks
Determine and report need for repair

Before
Fuel lines should be inspected for leakage

After
If leaks are found, notify occupant immediately to facilitate repair

Tools:
1. Combustible gas detector 2. Spray bottle

Materials: 1. Noncorrosive leak detection fluid

Paraphrased from 2012 IRC G2417: Leakage will be located using an approved combustible gas detector, a noncorrosive leak detection fluid or an equivalent nonflammable solution. Matches, candles, open flames or other methods that could provide a source of ignition cannot be used. Where leakage or other defects are located, the affected portion of the piping system will be repaired or replaced and retested.

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General

2.0201.1c - Venting

Inspect exterior gas and oil lines for leaks and damage

Inspect flex lines for damage, and check date on ring for pre-1973 hardware

2.0201.1c - Venting
Desired Outcome: Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered
Specification(s): For oil systems that require a draft regulator, the presence and operability of it (that draft regulator) will be verified and tested
Combustion venting systems will be inspected for damage, leaks, disconnections, inadequate slope, and other safety hazards
Objective(s): Determine if a regulator is present and working
Determine whether vent system is in good condition and installed properly

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General

2.0201.1d - Base pressure test

Unsafe
If ventilation system puts occupants at risk, it needs immediate attention

Safe
Properly vented appliances make a house healthier and more efficient

Determine if a draft regulator is installed and working

Inspect vent systems for damage

Inspect vent systems for disconnected pipes

Inspect vent systems for inadequate slope

Inspect for missing draft diverter

2.0201.1d - Base pressure test
Desired Outcome:

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General

2.0201.1e - Depressurization test

Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered
Specification(s): Baseline pressure for naturally drafting vented appliances will be measured in Combustion Appliance Zone with reference to outdoors
Objective(s): Measure pressure difference between combustion zone and the outside under natural conditions

Best Practice
Natural conditions: Winter set-up, air handler and exhaust fans off, interior doors open
Tools: 1. Manometer
2.0201.1e - Depressurization test
Desired Outcome: Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered
Specification(s): CAZ depressurization testing will be administered for all atmospherically vented appliances located inside the pressure boundary.
Depressurization test will include exhaust fans, interior door closure, or duct leakage, or a combination thereof; the test will be done to determine the largest negative pressure per BPI Standard 1200.
Objective(s): Determine worst-case depressurization in combustion zone due mechanical system fans

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General

2.0201.1e - Depressurization test

Best Practice
Exhaust fans on, Check interior doors, Air handler on?
Tools: 1. Manometer

1
Place manometer reference hose to exterior of house

2
Attach test hose to be used in the interior of the house

3
Place test hose by combustion appliance

4
Take baseline reading

5
Turn on interior exhaust fans, including any clothes dryers

6
Is the air handler on?

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General

2.0201.1e - Depressurization test

7
Check interior doors for pressure differential either using smoke pencil or hand

8
Manometer reading should not be more negative than -3pa

9
If reading is within allowable limit, all is well

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General
2.0201.2 - Combustion Safety - Make-up Air
Desired Outcome: Buildup of dangerous combustion byproducts in the living space prevented
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
2.0201.2a - Outside combustion make-up air
Desired Outcome: Buildup of dangerous combustion byproducts in the living space prevented
Specification(s): Where applicable, combustion air will be provided from the outside and installed in accordance with the IRC for the type of appliance installed
Objective(s): Prevent combustion byproducts from entering the house
Image 1: For homes with one permanent opening, see 2012 IRC: G2407.6.2 (304.6.2): a minimum free area of 1 in2 per 3,000 Btu/h (734 mm2/kW) of total input rating of all appliances
Image 2: For homes with two permanent vertical duct openings, see 2012 IRC G2407.6.1 (304.6.1): a minimum free area of 1 in2 per 4,000 Btu/h (550 mm2/kW) of total input rating of all appliances
Image 3: For homes with two permanent horizontal duct openings, see 2012 IRC G2407.6.1 (304.6.1): a minimum free area of 1 in2 per 2,000 Btu/h (1,100 mm2/kW) of total input rating of all appliances

1

2

3

min free area of 1 sqin per 3,000 Btu/h min free area of 1 sqin per 4,000 Btu/ min free area of 1 sqin per 2,000 Btu/h

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General

2.0201.2b - New appliances

(734 mm2/kW) of total input rating

h (550 mm2/kW) of total input rating (1100 mm2/kW) of total input rating

2.0201.2b - New appliances
Desired Outcome: Buildup of dangerous combustion byproducts in the living space prevented
Specification(s): If replacing appliances, a sealed-combustion, direct-vent appliance will be installed if possible. New appliances will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications, the IRC and additional applicable codes Objective(s): Prevent combustion byproducts from entering the house

Before
Damaged combustion appliances beyond repair should be replaced

After
Sealed-combustion, direct-vent appliances should replace unsafe appliances

Two-pipe 90% efficiency furnaces are viable replacement Direct vent combustion appliances are also viable

appliances

replacements

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General

2.0201.2d - Gas ovens

2.0201.2c - CO detection and warning equipment
Desired Outcome: Buildup of dangerous combustion byproducts in the living space prevented
Specification(s): CO detection or warning equipment will be installed outside of each separate sleeping area in the immediate vicinity of the bedrooms in accordance with ASHRAE 62.2 and authority having local jurisdiction
Installation will be accomplished by a licensed electrician when required by local code
Objective(s): Alert occupant to CO exposure

Best Practice
Carbon Monoxide alarms should be installed according to local codes

Best Practice
Alarms should be mounted near sleeping areas--such as the one marked in red

Tools: 1. Drill

Materials:
1. CO alarm 2. Fasteners

2.0201.2d - Gas ovens
Desired Outcome: Buildup of dangerous combustion byproducts in the living space prevented
Specification(s): Gas ovens will be tested for CO

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General

2.0201.2e - Gas range burners

A clean and tune will be conducted if measured CO in the undiluted flue gases of the oven vent at steady state exceeds 225 ppm as measured
Objective(s): Ensure clean burn of gas ovens

Unsafe
If CO reading as measured exceeds 225ppm, order a clean and tune
Tools: 1. Combustion analyzer with probe

Best Practice
Test gas oven for carbon monoxide using a combustion gas analyzer

2.0201.2e - Gas range burners
Desired Outcome: Buildup of dangerous combustion byproducts in the living space prevented
Specification(s): Specify clean and tune if the flame has any discoloration, flame impingement, an irregular pattern, or if burners are visibly dirty, corroded, or bent
Objective(s): Ensure clean burn and operation of gas range burners

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General

2.0201.2f - Solid fuel burning appliances

Before
Discoloration is a clear sign that a gas range needs a clean and tune

After
A properly operating gas range burner should have an even blue flame

1
Yellow, uncontrolled flames indicate the need for a clean and tune

2

3

Gas ranges should be cleaned and Blue, even flames indicate burners are tuned if improper operation is evident working properly

2.0201.2f - Solid fuel burning appliances
Desired Outcome: Buildup of dangerous combustion byproducts in the living space prevented
Specification(s): If the solid fuel burning appliance is the primary heat source and has signs of structural failure replace solid fuel burning appliance with UL-listed and EPA - certified appliances if the existing appliance is not UL-listed
Objective(s): Ensure safe operations of solid fuel burning appliances

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General

2.0201.2f - Solid fuel burning appliances

Unsafe
Unsafe solid fuel burning appliances should be replaced

Safe
New appliances should be UL-listed and EPA-certified

Since 1988, the EPA has regulated particulate emissions from wood heaters. The limit is 7.5 grams per hour for non-catalytic appliances, and 4.1 grams per hour for catalytic appliances.

Locate data plate to find out appliance ratings

Check appliance rating plates for EPA and UL markings (or CSA, ETL, or WH markings)

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General
2.0201.3 - Vented Combustion Appliance Safety Testing
Desired Outcome: Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered
2.0201.3a - Spillage Test
Desired Outcome: Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered Specification(s): In conditions with largest negative pressure as determined from Detail 2.0201.1e: If spillage in a combustion appliance with a warm vent exceeds two minutes during pressure testing, specify measures to mitigate If spillage in a combustion appliance with a cold vent exceeds five minutes during pressure testing, specify measures to mitigate Objective(s): Detect excessive spillage of combustion gases

Unsafe
Test natural draft furnace or water heater for spillage in excess of 2min

Best Practice
Test all sides of natural draft flues since draft may be uneven

Tools:
1. Smoke pencil 2. Timer 3. Mirror

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety 2.0201.3b - Carbon monoxide (CO) test in appliance

General

vent

2.0201.3b - Carbon monoxide (CO) test in appliance vent
Desired Outcome: Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered
Specification(s): CO will be tested for in undiluted flue gases of combustion appliances
In conditions with largest negative pressure as determined from Detail 2.0201.1e:
If CO levels exceed 400 ppm air-free measurement in furnaces, service will be provided to reduce CO to below these levels (unless CO measurement is within manufacturer specifications)
If CO levels exceed 200 ppm air-free measurement in water heaters or room heaters, service will be provided to reduce CO to below these levels (unless CO measurement is within manufacturer specifications)
Objective(s): Measure CO and report excessive levels

Unsafe
CO levels cannot exceed 200ppm as measured, unless to manufacturer specs

Best Practice
Test CO levels in undiluted flue gases and exhaust outlets, when accessible

Tools:
1. Combustion analyzer with probe 2. Personal carbon monoxide detector

It is recommended as a best practice that technicians in the field have a dedicated CO monitoring device on their person to monitor ambient CO levels independent of the combustion analyzer.

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety 2.0201.3b - Carbon monoxide (CO) test in appliance

General

vent

CO levels cannot exceed 200ppm, or Test undiluted flue gases in induced- Test undiluted flue gases in natural

400ppm air-free CO

draft furnaces

draft furnaces

Test undiluted flue gases in natural draft water heaters.

Test accessible exhaust outlets for direct-vent appliances

Test accessible exhaust outlets for power-vented appliances

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Unvented Space Heaters
2.0202.1 - Unvented Space Heaters: Propane, Natural Gas, and Kerosene Heaters
Desired Outcome: Elimination of combustion byproducts
2.0202.1a - Removal
Desired Outcome: Elimination of combustion byproducts
Specification(s): With the occupant's permission, unvented heaters will be removed, except when used as a secondary heat source and when it can be confirmed that the unit is listed to ANSI Z21.11.2 Units that are not being operated in compliance with ANSI Z21.11.2 should be removed before the retrofit but may remain until a replacement heating system is in place Failure to remove unvented space heaters serving as primary heat sources has the potential to create hazardous conditions and thus any further weatherization services will be re-evaluated in the context of potential indoor air quality risks
Objective(s): Eliminate sources of combustion byproduct within a living space
2.0202.1b - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Elimination of combustion byproducts
Specification(s): Occupant will be educated on potential hazards of unvented combustion appliances (primary or secondary) within a living space
Objective(s): Inform occupant about possible hazards associated with combustion byproducts and moisture

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Vented Gas Appliances

2.0203.1 - Combustion Air for Natural Draft Appliances
Desired Outcome: Sufficient air provided in the Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ)
2.0203.1a - Required combustion air
Desired Outcome: Sufficient air provided in the Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ)
Specification(s): The required volume of indoor air will be determined in accordance with IRC and authority having jurisdiction, except that where the air infiltration rate is known to be less than 0.40 air changes per hour (ACH), IRC will be used
Exception: Existing appliances that have passed combustion safety testing per BPI 1200 are deemed to have sufficient combustion air
Objective(s): Determine if existing conditions meet the combustion air calculation

2.0203.1b - Additional combustion air (if action is required)
Desired Outcome: Sufficient air provided in the Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ)
Specification(s): Additional combustion air will be provided in accordance with IRC and authority having jurisdiction when necessary to solve spillage problems
Objective(s): Ensure adequate combustion air for operation of the appliance

2.0203.1c - Spillage testing
Desired Outcome: Sufficient air provided in the Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ)

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Vented Gas Appliances

2.0203.1c - Spillage testing

Specification(s): If spillage in a combustion appliance with a warm vent exceeds two minutes during pressure testing, specify measures to mitigate
If spillage in a combustion appliance with a cold vent exceeds five minutes during pressure testing, specify measures to mitigate
Objective(s): Detect excessive spillage of combustion gases

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Vented Gas Appliances
2.0203.2 - Combustion Flue Gas--Orphaned Water Heaters
Desired Outcome: Flue gasses successfully removed from the house
2.0203.2a - Spillage testing
Desired Outcome: Flue gasses successfully removed from the house Specification(s): If spillage in a combustion appliance with a warm vent exceeds two minutes during pressure testing, specify measures to mitigate If spillage in a combustion appliance with a cold vent exceeds five minutes during pressure testing, specify measures to mitigate Objective(s): Detect excessive spillage of combustion gases

Unsafe
Orphaned water heaters have oversized flues after a furnace is removed
Tools:
1. Timer or stopwatch 2. Smoke pencil 3. Mirror

Unsafe
Spillage should not exceed 2 minutes, if present

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Vented Gas Appliances

2.0203.2b - Flue gas removal (chimney liner or approved methods)

2.0203.2b - Flue gas removal (chimney liner or approved methods)

Desired Outcome: Flue gasses successfully removed from the house

Specification(s): A chimney liner will be installed in accordance with the IRC or applicable NFPA standard

Objective(s): Allow water heater to vent properly
Prevent damage to the chimney

Tools:
1. hammer drill 2. disposable brushes 3. tin snips 4. 5/16" nut driver 5. pulling cone 6. rope 7. caulking gun 8. tape measure

Materials:
1. Flexible chimney liner 2. Elbows 3. Tees 4. Refractory cement 5. Rain cap 6. Thimble 7. Bricks 8. Mortar

Connect chimney liner to appliance in accordance with applicable codes.

1

2

3

Identify masonry chimneys being used as combustion appliance vents

Measure from the bottom termination to the chimney crown. Add one foot to the measurement and cut the liner to length

Pull the liner to the desired position with a rope and pulling cone

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Vented Gas Appliances

2.0203.2c - Retesting spillage

4
Cut liner off 4 inches above top of chimney crown

5
Complete the top and bottom connections

6
Seal around penetrations in chimney with refractory cement

2.0203.2c - Retesting spillage
Desired Outcome: Flue gasses successfully removed from the house
Specification(s): If a combustion appliance spillage exceeds two minutes during pressure testing, specify measures to mitigate
Objective(s): Ensure appliance is not spilling longer than two minutes with a warm vent

Before
If spillage continues to exceed 2 min, additional repairs are required

After
The elimination of the oversized chimney should prevent spillage

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Vented Gas Appliances
Tools: 1. Timer or stopwatch 2. Smoke pencil 3. Mirror

2.0203.2c - Retesting spillage

1

2

Retest for spillage. If spillage remains, Repipe the flue to eliminate the

more repair is needed.

oversized chimney

3
When repairs have been completed, no spillage should occur after two minutes

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Vented Gas Appliances

2.0203.4 - Occupant Education
Desired Outcome: Ensure persistence of resident safety
2.0203.4a - Occupant health and safety
Desired Outcome: Ensure persistence of resident safety
Specification(s): All homes will have a functioning CO alarm
If CO levels in interior living spaces exceed outdoor levels, potential sources will be investigated and appropriate action taken to reduce them (e.g., have a qualified professional tune, repair, or replace improperly operating combustion appliances; apply weather stripping or conduct air sealing between the garage or crawl space and the home)
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety
Ensure indoor CO levels do not exceed outdoor CO levels

2.0203.4b - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Ensure persistence of resident safety
Specification(s): Occupants will be educated on the operation and maintenance of the CO alarm
Completed work on combustion appliances and recommended maintenance will be reviewed with occupant
Occupant will be provided information regarding the health effects and risk of high CO concentrations; EPA provides possible expanded actions and offers client education information in an appendix to the protocols
Objective(s):

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Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Vented Gas Appliances
Ensure occupant can operate and maintain installations Inform occupant regarding possible CO hazards

2.0203.4b - Occupant education

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Safety Devices > Combustion Safety Devices
2.0301.1 - Smoke Alarm
Desired Outcome: Properly installed smoke alarms Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
2.0301.1a - Smoke alarm (hardwired)
Desired Outcome: Properly installed smoke alarms
Specification(s): When installing hardwired smoke alarms, it will be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 217 and installed in accordance with the IRC or as required by the authority having jurisdiction
Objective(s): Ensure proper installation
2.0301.1b - Smoke alarm (battery operated)
Desired Outcome: Properly installed smoke alarms
Specification(s): When installing battery operated smoke alarms, it will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Ensure proper installation

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Safety Devices > Combustion Safety Devices
2.0301.2 - Carbon Monoxide Alarm or Monitor
Desired Outcome: Properly installed CO alarms or monitors
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
2.0301.2a - CO detection and warning equipment (hardwired)
Desired Outcome: Properly installed CO alarms or monitors
Specification(s): Hardwired CO detection or warning equipment will be installed in accordance with the ASHRAE 62.2 or as required by the authority having jurisdiction
Installation will be accomplished by a licensed electrician when required by the authority having jurisdiction
Objective(s): Ensure proper installation
2.0301.2b - CO detection and warning equipment (battery operated)
Desired Outcome: Properly installed CO alarms or monitors
Specification(s): Battery-operated CO detection or warning equipment will be installed in accordance with the ASHRAE 62.2 and manufacturer specifications as required by the authority having jurisdiction
Objective(s): Ensure proper installation

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Moisture > Vapor Barriers
2.0403.1 - Vented Crawl Spaces--Ground Moisture Barrier
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective ground moisture barrier provides long-lasting access and minimizes ground vapor
2.0403.1b - Coverage
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective ground moisture barrier provides long-lasting access and minimizes ground vapor Specification(s): A ground moisture barrier that covers the exposed crawl space floor will be installed Objective(s): Reduce ground moisture entering the crawl space

Before
Uncovered crawl space floors can cause moisture damage

After
Ground moisture barrier to cover 100% of floor is installed last

Materials:
1. Plastic sheeting (at least 6 mil) 2. Furring strips 3. Fasteners 4. Polyurethane construction adhesive

2.0403.1c - Material specification
Desired Outcome:

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Moisture > Vapor Barriers

2.0403.1d - Overlap seams

Durable, effective ground moisture barrier provides long-lasting access and minimizes ground vapor
Specification(s): A ground moisture barrier with a rating of no more than 0.1 perm will be used
A ground moisture barrier will be used that meets tear and puncture resistance standard ASTM E1745
Homeowner will be advised that all plastic is biodegradable and will have a life span much shorter than the home (5 years), and it will need replacing to remain effective
Objective(s): Ensure crawl space is accessible for service and maintenance without damaging the integrity of the ground moisture barrier

After
Barrier must be at least 6 mil and be tear and puncture resistant
Materials:
1. Plastic sheeting (at least 6 mil) 2. Furring strips 3. Fasteners 4. Polyurethane construction adhesive

2.0403.1d - Overlap seams

Desired Outcome: Durable, effective ground moisture barrier provides long-lasting access and minimizes ground vapor
Specification(s): When seams exist, they will be overlapped a minimum of 12" using reverse or upslope lapping technique

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Moisture > Vapor Barriers
Objective(s): Keep water under the liner Reduce the likelihood of damage at seams

2.0403.1e - Fastening

Before
Ground moisture barriers help keep moisture from permeating floor.

After
Ground moisture barrier overlaps at seams at least 12 inches and is securely fastened to walls and ground

Tools:
1. Stapler 2. Utility knife 3. Drill

Materials:
1. Ballast 2. Plastic sheeting (at least 6 mil) 3. Furring strips 4. Seam tape - moisture resistant. Examples: Butyl tape, Gorilla tape 5. Landscape staples 6. Polyurethane construction adhesive

1
Securely fasten moisture barrier to wall at least 6 inches from ground

2
Overlap seams at least 12 inches, using a reverse shingle method on sloping ground to allow water to drain

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Moisture > Vapor Barriers

2.0403.1e - Fastening

2.0403.1e - Fastening
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective ground moisture barrier provides long-lasting access and minimizes ground vapor
Specification(s): When ground moisture barrier is installed on sloping ground, may be exposed to wind, or accessed for routine maintenance or storage it will be fastened to ground with durable fasteners or ballast(s)
Objective(s): Prevent movement of the ground moisture barrier

Best Practice
Ground moisture barrier extends up the wall, is fastened with staples, and is held in place with ballast
Tools:
1. Stapler 2. Drill

Materials:
1. Plastic sheeting (al least 6 mil) 2. Furring strips 3. Staples 4. Landscape staples 5. Cut nails, case hardened nails, or masonry screws

1
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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Moisture > Vapor Barriers

2.0403.1e - Fastening

Seams on walls can be taped to prevent water leakage

Use mechanical fasteners such as staples or furring strips on the walls. Use ballast or landscape staples on the ground

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Moisture > Vapor Barriers
2.0403.2 - Closed Crawl Spaces--Ground Moisture Barriers
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective air barrier and ground moisture barrier provide ongoing access and minimize ground vapor
2.0403.2b - Coverage
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective air barrier and ground moisture barrier provide ongoing access and minimize ground vapor
Specification(s): An air barrier and ground moisture barrier, covering the exposed crawl space floor, will be installed and sealed to the wall's air and moisture barrier in accordance with ASTM E1643 and manufacturer's recommendations Ground moisture barrier will be fastened to ground in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations and extend a minimum of 6 inches up the foundation wall
Objective(s): Reduce ground moisture entering the crawl space Create a continuous and durable connection between the wall and ground air and moisture barriers

Before
Uncovered crawl space floors can lead to moisture issues

After
Ground moisture barrier should cover 100% of floor and at least 6" of walls

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Moisture > Vapor Barriers

2.0403.2c - Material specification

Materials:
1. Plastic sheeting (al least 6 mil) 2. Furring strips 3. Fasteners

2.0403.2c - Material specification
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective air barrier and ground moisture barrier provide ongoing access and minimize ground vapor
Specification(s): A ground moisture barrier with a rating of no more than 0.1 perm will be used
A ground moisture barrier will be used that meets tear and puncture resistance standard ASTM E1745
Homeowner will be advised that all plastic is biodegradable and will have a life span much shorter than the home, and it will need replacing to remain effective
Objective(s): Reduce ground vapor entering the crawl space
Ensure crawl space is accessible for service and maintenance without destroying the integrity of the moisture barrier

Best Practice
Barrier must be at least 6 mil, able to withstand puncture and last 10 yrs

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Moisture > Vapor Barriers

2.0403.2d - Overlap seams

Materials:
1. Plastic sheeting (at least 6 mil) 2. Furring strips 3. Fasteners 4. Polyurethane construction adhesive 5. Landscape staples 6. Heavy duty tape such as Gorilla Tape or waterproof seam tape

2.0403.2d - Overlap seams
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective air barrier and ground moisture barrier provide ongoing access and minimize ground vapor
Specification(s): When seams exist, they will be overlapped a minimum of 12" with reverse or upslope lapping technique
For wall to floor connection, the wall moisture barrier will be installed under the ground moisture barrier
Objective(s): Keep water under the liner

Before
Ground moisture barriers help keep moisture from permeating floor

After
Ground moisture barrier overlaps at least 12 in and is securely fastened

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Moisture > Vapor Barriers
Tools: 1. Stapler 2. Utility knife 3. Drill

2.0403.2e - Fastening
Materials: 1. Ballast 2. Plastic sheeting (at least 6mil) 3. Furring strips 4. Moisture-resistant adhesive tape

1
Securely fasten moisture barrier to wall at least 6 inches from ground

2
Overlap seams at least 12 inches, using a shingle method to keep water out

2.0403.2e - Fastening
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective air barrier and ground moisture barrier provide ongoing access and minimize ground vapor
Specification(s): When ground moisture barrier is installed on sloping ground, or accessed for routine maintenance or storage it will be fastened to ground with durable fasteners or ballast(s)
Objective(s): Prevent movement and uplift of the air barrier and ground moisture barrier

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Moisture > Vapor Barriers

2.0403.2f - Sealing seams

Moisture barrier is fastened to sill with staples, and is weighed down with rebar as ballast
Tools: 1. Drill 2. Stapler

This closed crawlspace uses spray polyurethane foam to seal vapor barrier to the wall and to seal the rim joist
Materials:
1. 6 mil or greater polyethylene sheeting 2. Furring strips 3. Fasteners such as nails, screws, or staples for use on walls 4. Landscape staples, rebar, or bricks to hold sheeting down 5. Spray polyurethane foam may be used to seal rim joist and plastic to walls

2.0403.2f - Sealing seams
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective air barrier and ground moisture barrier provide ongoing access and minimize ground vapor
Specification(s): A durable sealant compatible with the air barrier and ground moisture barrier will be used
Objective(s): Maintain continuous air barrier and ground moisture barrier

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Moisture > Vapor Barriers

2.0403.2f - Sealing seams

Before
Crawl spaces lacking moisture barrier risk moisture penetration of floor
Tools: 1. Utility knife

After
Ground moisture barriers in unvented spaces should be sealed
Materials: 1. Moisture-resistant adhesive tape, for example, butyl tape or Gorilla tape

1
Tape wall seams and press to ensure airtight bonding of adhesive

2
Tape (overlapped) floor seams to prevent movement and water leakage

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Radon > Air Sealing
2.0501.1 - Radon--Air Sealing Considerations, Basements, and Crawl spaces
Desired Outcome: Work completed without increasing occupant exposure to radon
2.0501.1a - Radon testing and mitigation
Desired Outcome: Work completed without increasing occupant exposure to radon Specification(s): Radon testing and mitigation will be done in accordance with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Healthy Indoor Environment Protocols for Home Energy Upgrades Objective(s): Reduce potential for occupant exposure to radon

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Electrical > Knob and Tube Wiring
2.0601.1 - Knob and Tube Wiring
Desired Outcome: Live unsafe wiring identified and brought to local codes Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
2.0601.1a - Knob and tube identification
Desired Outcome: Live unsafe wiring identified and brought to local codes
Specification(s): Contractor, assessor, auditor, or similar will inspect and assess the house to identify knob and tube wiring
Objective(s): Ensure occupant safety Preserve the integrity and safety of the house

Knob and tube wiring should be identified before work begins

Distinctive "knobs" are highlighted. This wiring can be a safety hazard

2.0601.1b - Live wire testing
Desired Outcome:

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Electrical > Knob and Tube Wiring

2.0601.1c - Isolation and protection

Live unsafe wiring identified and brought to local codes
Specification(s): Non-contact testing method will be used to determine if wiring is live
Objective(s): Protect occupant safety
Preserve the integrity and safety of the house

Before
Knob & tube wiring needs to be tested to determine if still live. Red=live
Tools: 1. Non-contact wire tester

After
Live wiring should be dammed or professionally disabled before insulating

2.0601.1c - Isolation and protection
Desired Outcome: Live unsafe wiring identified and brought to local codes
Specification(s): Proper clearance will be maintained around live knob and tube as required by the National Electrical Code ( NEC ) or authority having jurisdiction
When required, a dam that does not cover the top will be created to separate insulation from the wire path
Objective(s): Ensure occupant safety

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Electrical > Knob and Tube Wiring
Preserve the integrity and safety of the house

2.0601.1c - Isolation and protection

Before
Live knob & tube wiring may get hot and should not be insulated over

After
Dams should be installed to hold back loose fill insulation

Tools:
1. Drill 2. Tape measure 3. Non-contact wire tester

Materials:
1. Plywood 2. Drywall 3. Fasteners

NEC guidelines and local jurisdictions are very particular on the treatment of knob & tube wiring. Check your local codes.

Have a certified electrician verify that wiring is safe to work around

A sign should be posted at all entrances to warn of knob & tube wiring

Warning sign should remind to contact certified electrician for repairs

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Electrical > Knob and Tube Wiring

2.0601.1d - Replacement

Many jurisdictions require a sign in Spanish as well

Damming should extend above installed height of insulation

With dams in place, insulation can begin

2.0601.1d - Replacement
Desired Outcome: Live unsafe wiring identified and brought to local codes
Specification(s): Wiring will be replaced with new appropriate wiring in accordance with the NEC National Electrical Code and local codes
Old wiring will be rendered inoperable by licensed electrician in accordance with the NEC National Electrical Code and local codes
Objective(s): Ensure occupant safety
Preserve the integrity and safety of the house

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Electrical > Knob and Tube Wiring

2.0601.1d - Replacement

Before

After

Knob and tube wiring may get hot and cannot If possible, k&t wiring should be disabled and

be insulated over

replaced with modern wiring

Tools: 1. Non-contact wire tester

Materials: 1. Romex as needed

NEC guidelines and local jurisdictions have many codes dealing with the treatment of knob & tube wiring. Check your local codes.

The entire knob and tube system should be disabled

Many electricians will remove old

Exposed knob and tube should be

exposed wiring to prevent reactivation replaced with modern wiring

With modern wiring in place and old
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Health and Safety > Electrical > Knob and Tube Wiring k&t disabled, insulation can begin

2.0601.1d - Replacement

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Occupant Education and Access > Basements and Crawl Spaces
2.0701.1 - Crawl Spaces--Providing New Access
Desired Outcome: Access to the closed crawl space is controlled and the ground moisture barrier is protected to maintain the integrity of the system
2.0701.1a - Crawl Spaces - Providing New Access
Desired Outcome: Access to the closed crawl space is controlled and the ground moisture barrier is protected to maintain the integrity of the system
Specification(s): Crawl space will be accessible in accordance with IRC Access to mechanical equipment located in the crawl space will be in accordance with IRC Service and maintenance of the crawl space and equipment will be performed without risk of damage to the thermal barrier, air barrier, and ground moisture barrier in accordance with IRC
Objective(s): Provide crawl space access Maintain integrity of the crawl space system
2.0701.1b - Security
Desired Outcome: Access to the closed crawl space is controlled and the ground moisture barrier is protected to maintain the integrity of the system
Specification(s): At client's/resident's discretion, a lockable access will be provided if access is from the exterior.
Objective(s): Control access and prevent intruders

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Occupant Education and Access > Basements and Crawl Spaces
2.0701.2 - Crawl Space Information Sign
Desired Outcome: Posted signs inside of the crawl space provide essential safety and maintenance information to occupant and users of the crawl space Note:
2.0701.2a - Sign specifications
Desired Outcome: Posted signs inside of the crawl space provide essential safety and maintenance information to occupant and users of the crawl space
Specification(s): A durable, easily seen sign will be installed at all accesses inside of the crawl space (minimum 8 " x 11") A minimum expected service life of 10 years will be ensured
Objective(s): Prevent damage to the crawl space after upgrade

Crawl space access points should have signage to alert occupant and workers

Best Practice
Sign should be highly-visible, securelyfastened, and durable

2.0701.2b - Sign content
Desired Outcome: Posted signs inside of the crawl space provide essential safety and maintenance information to

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Occupant Education and Access > Basements and Crawl Spaces

2.0701.2b - Sign content

occupant and users of the crawl space
Specification(s): Those entering the crawl space will be cautioned not to damage the air barrier, ground moisture barrier, insulation, and mechanical components specific to the crawl space type
Anyone entering the crawl space will be alerted that immediate repairs are needed in case of damage
Installer contact information will be included on the sign in case there are questions or needs for repairs
Objective(s): Prevent damage to the crawl space after upgrade
Educate anyone entering the crawl space
Provide occupants with a way to contact the installer

Best Practice
Mount sign where clearly visible to anyone entering crawl space
Tools: 1. Printer 2. Staple gun

Be sure sign includes relevant information to aid occupant in repairs
Materials: 1. Paper 2. Laminant 3. Staples

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Occupant Education and Access > Basements and Crawl Spaces 2.0701.2c - Hazard warning

Hacer la seal en espaol tambin
2.0701.2c - Hazard warning
Desired Outcome: Posted signs inside of the crawl space provide essential safety and maintenance information to occupant and users of the crawl space Specification(s): Language prohibiting storage of hazardous and flammable materials will be provided on site Objective(s): Prevent storage of hazardous or flammable materials in the crawl space Maintain indoor air quality Prevent a fire hazard

Alert those entering the crawl space never to store hazardous materials
Best Practice
Mount sign where anyone entering the crawl space can see it

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June 22, 2018

Health and Safety > Occupant Education and Access > Basements and Crawl Spaces 2.0701.2c - Hazard warning

Tools:
1. Staple gun 2. Printer

Materials:
1. Paper 2. Laminant 3. Staples

Hacer la seal en espaol tambin

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases
3.1001.1 - Penetrations and Chases
Desired Outcome: Penetrations and chases sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
3.1001.1d - High temperature application
Desired Outcome: Penetrations and chases sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space Specification(s): Only non-combustible sealant will be used in contact with chimneys, vents, and flues Local codes will be referenced Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard

Before
Gaps around combustion exhaust flues need to be sealed

After
Sealed penetrations and chases should utilize high-temperature materials

Tools:
1. Drill/screwdriver 2. Caulk gun 3. Metal snips

Materials:
1. High-temperature caulking 2. 26-gauge steel sheeting

See 3.1402.1c for Clearance Requirements

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases

3.1001.1d - High temperature application

1
Prepare work area by removing any insulation and debris

2

3

Use high-temperature caulking (600F Apply first ring of caulking to match

min)

shape of opening

4
Apply second ring of caulking to size and shape of rigid material

5

6

Fasten rigid material (26-gauge steel) Fasten rigid material to cover

and apply additional caulking

penetration and seal against flue with

caulk

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases
3.1001.2 - Chase Capping
Desired Outcome: Chase capped to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
3.1001.2a - Pre-inspection
Desired Outcome: Chase capped to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): An inspection will be conducted for mold, water leaks, and water damage before sealing a chase
Repairs will be completed before work begins
Objective(s): Repair moisture-related issues
Tools: 1. flashlight 2. headlamp 3. hammer 4. prybar 5. circular saw 6. reciprocating saw 7. borescope 8. mirror

1

2

Locate and expose chases to prepare Clear away insulation and debris to

3
Carefully investigate areas with high

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases

3.1001.2b - Standard chase (interior walls covered with drywall or plaster)

for inspection and capping/sealing

allow inspection

potential for water leaks

3.1001.2b - Standard chase (interior walls covered with drywall or plaster)
Desired Outcome: Chase capped to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Entire opening will be spanned with rigid material
Material will be cut to fit and fastened as required
Objective(s): Reduce opening to what can be sealed with sealant

Before
Unsealed standard chases covered with drywall can be leakage points
Tools: 1. Drill/screwdriver 2. Caulk gun

After
The air barrier is be maintained by capping chases with rigid material
Materials:
1. XPS 2. Drywall 3. Caulk 4. Sheet metal 5. OSB or plywood

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases

3.1001.2c - Non-standard chase (interior walls covered with wood or paneling)

1
Clear area of debris and insulation in preparation for work

2
Apply sealant all the way around opening

3
Trim rigid material, such as drywall or XPS, to size and place over sealant

4
Fasten rigid material appropriately, such as with screws
3.1001.2c - Non-standard chase (interior walls covered with wood or paneling)
Desired Outcome: Chase capped to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Material will be used that can be exposed to the interior of the house and meet the flame and smoke spread indexes as required in IRC
Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases

3.1001.2d - Support

Before
Paneled drop soffits typically are more combustible than plain drywall

After
When sealing on attic side, drywall and XPS are viable materials

Tools:
1. Drywall saw 2. Tape measure 3. Caulk gun 4. Drill

Materials:
1. Drywall 2. XPS 3. Fire-block sealant 4. Fasteners

EPS or bead-board are not acceptable materials.

Sealing with drywall reduces overall combustibility of paneled chases

Sealing with XPS also reduces overall combustibility of paneled chases

3.1001.2d - Support
Desired Outcome: Chase capped to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Support material will be installed for spans wider than 24", except when air barrier material is rated

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases
to span greater distance under load (e.g., wind, insulation) Objective(s): Ensure seal stays in place and does not sag

3.1001.2d - Support

Before
Spans greater than 24 inches require additional bracing before capping
Tools:
1. Drill 2. Saw 3. Tape measure

After
Support should prevent cap from sagging or moving
Materials:
1. Lumber 2. Drywall 3. Fasteners

Create bracing to support spans larger When supporting from above, apply than 24", either from above or below adhesive between drywall and
bracing

Bracing can be screwed to drywall before capping chase

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases

3.1001.2e - Joint seal

Ensure new bracing is secure by using Once chase is capped, it is now ready

screws to fasten to joist

to be sealed along framing

3.1001.2e - Joint seal
Desired Outcome: Chase capped to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Continuous seal will be installed around seams, cracks, joints, edges, penetrations, and connections
Objective(s): Provide airtight, durable seal that does not move, bend, or sag

Before
Chases need to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage
Tools: 1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun

After
Chase is sealed along all cracks, gaps, and penetrations
Materials: 1. Spray foam 2. Caulk

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases
Always wear protective gloves when working with sealants.

3.1001.2f - Adjacent framing

1

2

3

Chase has been capped but needs to Sealant is used to fill in all cracks and Cap is sealed

be sealed

gaps along edges of chase cap

3.1001.2f - Adjacent framing
Desired Outcome: Chase capped to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): All remaining gaps at the top of the chase will be sealed
Objective(s): Ensure airtight seal from one finished side of the chase to the other

Before
Chases need to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage

After
Chase is sealed along all cracks, gaps, and penetrations

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases

Tools:
1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Spray foam 2. Caulk

Always wear gloves when working with sealant.

3.1001.2f - Adjacent framing

1

2

Sealant is used to fill in all cracks and gaps along edges of Extend seal along adjacent framing chase cap

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases
3.1001.3 - Walls Open to Attic--Balloon Framing and Double Walls
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
3.1001.3b - Sealing methods
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Entire opening will be spanned with rigid material in line with the ceiling level Material will be cut to fit and fastened as required OR Wall below openings will be dense packed OR Wall below openings will be bridged and sealed with spray polyurethane foam (SPF) Sealants will be used that prevent visible air movement using chemical smoke at 50 pascals of pressure difference
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage from wall cavity to attic

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases

3.1001.3b - Sealing methods

Before
Wall cavities are open to attic
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Insulation machine 4. Caulk gun 5. Spray foam gun

After
Whatever option chosen, test for visible air movement with smoke pencil
Materials:
1. Drywall 2. XPS 3. Spray foam 4. Caulk 5. Fasteners 6. Dense packable insulation 7. Lumber

Option 1: Dense pack cavities through Option 2: Bridge cavities with spray

wood cap fastened in place

foam

Option 3, Step 1: Apply sealant around opening and on surrounding framing

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases

3.1001.3c - Support

Option 3, Step 2, Option A: Cap with XPS and seal exposed joints

Option 3, Step 2, Option B: Cap with drywall and seal exposed joints

3.1001.3c - Support
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Support material will be installed for spans wider than 24", except when air barrier material is rated to span greater distance under load (e.g., wind, insulation)
Objective(s): Ensure seal stays in place and does not sag

Before
Spans greater than 24 inches require additional bracing before capping

After
Support should prevent cap from sagging or moving

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases
Tools: 1. Saw 2. Drill 3. Tape measure

Materials:
1. Lumber 2. Drywall 3. Fasteners

3.1001.3d - Joint seal

Create bracing to support spans larger When supporting from above, apply than 24", either from above or below adhesive between drywall and
bracing

Bracing can be screwed to drywall before capping chase

Ensure new bracing is secure by using Once chase is capped, it is now ready

screws to fasten to joist

to be sealed along framing

3.1001.3d - Joint seal
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Continuous seal will be installed around seams, cracks, joints, edges, penetrations, and connections
Objective(s): Provide airtight, durable seal that does not move, bend, or sag

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases

3.1001.3e - Adjacent framing

Before
Balloon framing needs to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage
Tools: 1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun

After
All edges of the cap should be sealed to surrounding surfaces
Materials: 1. Spray foam 2. Caulk

For rigid material applications, extend sealant along all seams

Extend sealant or SPF along joist to seal all gaps

3.1001.3e - Adjacent framing
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): All remaining gaps at the top of the opening will be sealed
OR
All remaining gaps at the top of the chase will be sealed

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases

3.1001.3e - Adjacent framing

Objective(s): Ensure airtight seal from one finished side of the wall assembly to the other

Before
Balloon framing needs to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage
Tools: 1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun

After
All edges of the cap should be sealed to surrounding surfaces, including adjacent framing
Materials: 1. Spray foam (SPF) 2. Caulk

For rigid material applications, sealant should be applied to When using SPF to bridge cavity, extend SPF along joist

framing

and adjacent framing

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases

3.1001.10 - Non-Insulation Contact (IC) Recessed Light
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage
3.1001.10a - Air barrier system
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage
Specification(s): A fire-rated air barrier system (i.e. equivalent to 5/8 fire code gypsum wallboard) will be used to separate non-IC rated recessed lights from insulation, using one of the methods below: A fire-rated airtight closure taller than surrounding attic insulation will be placed over non-IC rated recessed lights OR The non-IC rated light fixture will be replaced with an airtight and IC- rated fixture OR The fixture(s) may be replaced with surface mounted fixture and opening sealed
Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard Prevent air leakage through fixture

3.1001.10b - Enclosure top
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage
Specification(s): The top-fire rated enclosure material will have an R-value of 0.5 or less
The top of the enclosure will be left free of insulation

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases

3.1001.10c - Clearance

Objective(s): Prevent heat build up

3.1001.10c - Clearance
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage
Specification(s): The entire closure will maintain a 3" clearance between the closure and the fixture including wiring, box, and ballast
Objective(s): Keep an air space around the fixture

3.1001.10d - Sealants and weather stripping
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage
Specification(s): Caulk, mastic, or foam will be used on all edges, gaps, cracks, holes, and penetrations of closure material only
Objective(s): To prevent air leakage, completely adhere the sealant to all surfaces to be sealed

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits
3.1003.1 - New Ceiling Below Original--Old Ceiling Intact or Repairable
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space Note:
3.1003.1b - Sealing methods
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Entire opening will be spanned with rigid material in line with the ceiling level Material will be cut to fit and fastened as required OR Side of stud bays will be sealed with rigid material from bottom of dropped ceiling to top-plate OR Wall below openings will be dense packed OR Wall below openings will be bridged and sealed with SPF Seals will be used that prevent visible air movement using chemical smoke at 50 pascals of pressure difference
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage from dropped ceiling to attic

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits

3.1003.1b - Sealing methods

Before
Damage to an older ceiling reveals the new ceiling below

After
Rigid material sealed in place creates an air barrier

Tools:
1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Drill 4. Insulation machine 5. Caulk gun 6. Spray foam gun 7. Tape measure

Materials:
1. Caulk sealant 2. Rigid material -- XPS or Drywall 3. Spray foam 4. Fasteners 5. Dense packable insulation 6. Wrapped fiberglass batts

Prepare work area by removing existing insulation and debris

Option 1, Step 1: Run a bead of

Option 1, Step 2: Cover openings with

sealant around damage in old ceiling rigid material, either XPS or drywall

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits

3.1003.1c - Support

Option 2: Seal with rigid material along Option 3: Dense pack cavities through Option 4: Bridge cavities at new ceiling

face of stud cavities

fastened wood plate

level with wrapped batts and SPF

Whatever option chosen, test with chemical smoke to verify no leakage
3.1003.1c - Support
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Support material will be installed for spans wider than 24", except when air barrier material is rated to span greater distance under load (e.g., wind, insulation)
Objective(s): Ensure seal stays in place and does not sag

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits

3.1003.1c - Support

Before
Spans greater than 24 inches require additional bracing before capping
Tools:
1. Saw 2. Drill 3. Tape measure

After
Support should prevent cap from sagging or moving
Materials:
1. Lumber 2. Drywall 3. Fasteners

Create bracing to support spans larger When supporting from above, apply than 24", either from above or below adhesive between drywall and
bracing

Bracing can be screwed to drywall before capping chase

Ensure new bracing is secure by using Once chase is capped, it is now ready

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits

screws to fasten to joist

to be sealed along framing

3.1003.1d - Joint seal

3.1003.1d - Joint seal
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Continuous seal will be installed around seams, cracks, joints, edges, penetrations, and connections
Objective(s): Provide airtight, durable seal that does not move, bend, or sag

Before
Damage to an old ceiling reveals a newer ceiling below
Tools: 1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun

After
No gaps should remain after sealant is applied
Materials: 1. Caulk 2. Spray foam

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits

3.1003.1e - Adjacent framing

1

2

Apply sealant to surrounding surfaces Sealant should extend along joists

before setting cap in place

and into seams at top plates

3
Once cap is set, apply sealant to remaining gaps and along all seams

3.1003.1e - Adjacent framing
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): All remaining gaps will be sealed at the top of the dropped ceiling
OR
All remaining gaps at the top of the chase will be sealed
Objective(s): Provide airtight framing from one finished side of the dropped ceiling to the other

Before
Damage to an older ceiling reveals the new ceiling below

After
No gaps should remain after spray foam is applied

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits

Tools:
1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun

Materials:
1. Spray foam 2. Caulk sealant

3.1003.1e - Adjacent framing

1
Caulk along all joists before setting cap

2
Use sealant to fill all remaining gaps

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits
3.1003.2 - Ceiling Leaks Not Repairable--No Air Barrier Above
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space Note:
3.1003.2c - Support
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Support material will be installed for spans wider than 24", except when air barrier material is rated to span greater distance under load (e.g., wind, insulation)
Objective(s): Ensure seal stays in place and does not sag

Before
Spans greater than 24 inches require additional bracing before capping
Tools:
1. Drill 2. Saw 3. Tape measure

After
Support should prevent cap from sagging or moving
Materials:
1. Lumber 2. Drywall 3. Fasteners

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3.1003.2d - Joint seal

Create bracing to support spans larger When supporting from above, apply than 24", either from above or below adhesive between drywall and
bracing

Bracing can be screwed to drywall before capping chase

Ensure new bracing is secure by using Once chase is capped, it is now ready

screws to fasten to joist

to be sealed along framing

3.1003.2d - Joint seal
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Continuous seal will be installed around seams, cracks, joints, edges, penetrations, and connections
Objective(s): Provide airtight, durable seal that does not move, bend, or sag

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Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits

3.1003.2e - Adjacent framing

Before
Dropped soffits need to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun

After
No gaps should remain after sealant is applied
Materials: 1. Spray foam 2. Caulk

1

2

3

Apply sealant to surrounding surfaces Sealant should extend along surround Once cap is set, apply sealant to

before setting cap in place

joist and into seams at top plates

remaining gaps and along all seams

3.1003.2e - Adjacent framing
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): All remaining gaps will be sealed at the top of the dropped ceiling
OR

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3.1003.2e - Adjacent framing

All remaining gaps at the top of the chase will be sealed
Objective(s): Provide airtight framing from one finished side of the dropped ceiling to the other

Before
Dropped soffits need to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun

After
No gaps should remain after sealant is applied along adjacent framing
Materials: 1. Spray foam 2. Caulk sealant

1
Sealant should have been along all joists and adjacent framing before cap was set

2
Additional sealant should fill in all remaining gaps after cap has been set

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits
3.1003.3 - Above Closets and Tubs
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space Note:
3.1003.3b - Above closets and tubs
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Entire opening will be spanned with rigid material in line with the ceiling level Material will be cut to fit and fastened as required OR Side of stud bays will be sealed with rigid material from bottom of dropped ceiling to top-plate OR Wall below openings will be dense packed OR Wall below openings will be bridged and sealed with SPF Seals will be used that prevent visible air movement using chemical smoke at 50 pascals of pressure difference
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage from dropped ceiling to attic

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Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits

3.1003.3b - Above closets and tubs

Before
Unsealed drop soffits over tubs and closets can be a point of leakage
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Tape measure 4. Insulation machine 5. Drill 6. Caulk gun 7. Spray foam gun 8. Smoke pencil

After
Capped soffits minimize leakage to and from unconditioned spaces
Materials:
1. XPS 2. Drywall 3. Plywood 4. Caulk 5. Spray foam 6. Dense packable insulation 7. Fasteners 8. Wrapped fiberglass batts

Option 1, Step 1: Apply sealant to top- Option 1, Step 2: Cover soffit with

plates or other relevant surfaces

rigid material, such as drywall

Option 1, Step 3: Secure the rigid material with screws

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Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits

3.1003.3c - Support

Option 2: Cover face of stud bay with Option 3: Dense pack cavity through Option 4: Bridge stud bay with

rigid material, like XPS or plywood

fastened wood cap

wrapped fiberglass and spray foam

All Options: Test with smoke pencil to verify no air movement
3.1003.3c - Support
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Support material will be installed for spans wider than 24", except when air barrier material is rated to span greater distance under load (e.g., wind, insulation)
Objective(s): Ensure seal stays in place and does not sag

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits

3.1003.3c - Support

Before
Spans greater than 24 inches require additional bracing before capping
Tools:
1. Drill 2. Saw 3. Tape measure

After
Support should prevent cap from sagging or moving
Materials:
1. Lumber 2. Drywall 3. Fasteners

Create bracing to support spans larger When supporting from above, apply than 24", either from above or below adhesive between drywall and
bracing

Bracing can be screwed to drywall before capping chase

Ensure new bracing is secure by using Once chase is capped, it is now ready

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Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits

screws to fasten to joist

to be sealed along framing

3.1003.3d - Joint seal

3.1003.3d - Joint seal
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Continuous seal will be installed around seams, cracks, joints, edges, penetrations, and connections
Objective(s): Provide airtight, durable seal that does not move, bend, or sag

Before
Uninsulated soffits can cause leakage to and from unconditioned spaces

After
No gaps should remain after spray foam is applied

Tools:
1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun

Materials:
1. Caulk 2. Spray foam

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3.1003.3e - Adjacent framing

1
Caulk surrounding surfaces before setting cap in place

2

3

Sealant should extend along surround Once cap is set, apply sealant to

joist and into seams at top plates

remaining gaps and along all seams

3.1003.3e - Adjacent framing
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): All remaining gaps at the top of the dropped ceiling will be sealed
Objective(s): Provide airtight framing from one finished side of the dropped ceiling to the other

Before
Dropped soffits need to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun

After
No gaps should remain after sealant is applied along adjacent framing
Materials: 1. Caulk sealant 2. Spray foam

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3.1003.3e - Adjacent framing

1

2

3

Apply sealant to surrounding surfaces Sealant should extend along adjacent Additional sealant should fill in all

before setting cap in place

framing and into seams at top plates remaining gaps after cap has been set

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits
3.1003.4 - Dropped Ceilings
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
3.1003.4c - Support
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Support material will be installed for spans wider than 24", except when air barrier material is rated to span greater distance under load (e.g., wind, insulation)
Objective(s): Ensure seal stays in place and does not sag

Before
Spans greater than 24 inches require additional bracing before capping
Tools:
1. Saw 2. Drill 3. Tape measure

After
Support should prevent cap from sagging or moving
Materials:
1. Lumber 2. Drywall 3. Fasteners

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Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits

3.1003.4d - Joint seal

Create bracing to support spans larger When supporting from above, apply than 24", either from above or below adhesive between drywall and
bracing

Bracing can be screwed to drywall before capping chase

Ensure new bracing is secure by using Once chase is capped, it is now ready

screws to fasten to joist

to be sealed along framing

3.1003.4d - Joint seal
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Continuous seal will be installed around seams, cracks, joints, edges, penetrations, and connections
Pre-fabricated units may be used when meeting the desired outcome
Objective(s): Provide airtight, durable seal that does not move, bend or sag

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits

3.1003.4e - Adjacent framing

Before
Dropped soffits need to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage
Tools: 1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun

After
No gaps should remain after spray foam is applied
Materials: 1. Spray foam 2. Caulk sealant

1
Caulk surrounding surfaces before setting cap in place

2

3

Sealant should extend along surround Once cap is set, apply sealant to

joist and into seams at top plates

remaining gaps and along all seams

3.1003.4e - Adjacent framing
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): All remaining gaps will be sealed at the top of the dropped ceiling
OR

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Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits

3.1003.4e - Adjacent framing

All remaining gaps at the top of the chase will be sealed
Objective(s): Provide airtight framing from one finished side of the dropped ceiling to the other

Before
Dropped soffits need to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage
Tools: 1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun

After
No gaps should remain after sealant is applied along adjacent framing
Materials: 1. Spray foam 2. Caulk

1
Sealant should have been along all joists and framing before cap was set

2
Additional sealant should fill in all remaining gaps after cap has been set

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits
3.1003.6 - Dropped Soffits
Desired Outcome: Dropped soffits sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space Note:
3.1003.6b - Soffit general
Desired Outcome: Dropped soffits sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Air flow will be blocked at soffit in locations where access allows
Objective(s): Provide continuous air barrier across soffit openings

Before
Accessible drop soffits should be sealed to prevent heat gain/loss

After
Completely sealed drop soffits and chases minimize heat transfer

Tools:
1. Measuring tape 2. Utility knife 3. Caulk gun 4. Spray foam gun 5. Saw 6. Drill

Materials:
1. Caulk 2. Spray foam 3. Lumber 4. XPS 5. Fasteners

There are a variety of ways to seal soffits. Please examine 3.1003.6c and 3.1003.6d for more

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits
information.

3.1003.6c - Option 1: bring soffit inside (seal at top)

3.1003.6c - Option 1: bring soffit inside (seal at top)
Desired Outcome: Dropped soffits sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Entire opening will be spanned with rigid material in line with the ceiling level
Material will be cut to fit and fastened as required
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage from wall to attic
Reduce opening to what can be sealed with sealant
Ensure closure is permanent and supports any load (e.g., wind, insulation)
Bring soffit into thermal boundary

Before
Standard soffits are often open to the attic and uninsulated
Tools: 1. Drill/screwdriver 2. Caulk gun

After
Rigid material encloses the soffit into the conditioned living space
Materials: 1. Drywall 2. Sealant

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits 3.1003.6d - Option 2: leave soffit outside (seal at bottom or side)

1
Soffits open to the attic need to be sealed to maintain air barrier

2
Apply sealant along top plates

3
Cap soffit with rigid material, such as drywall, cut to size

4

5

Fasten cap with screws to set sealant Insulate over now-capped soffit and create air barrier

3.1003.6d - Option 2: leave soffit outside (seal at bottom or side)
Desired Outcome: Dropped soffits sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Each stud bay will be spanned with rigid material will be cut to fit and fastened as required
OR
Backing at each stud bay will be provided and will be sealed
OR
Side of stud bays will be sealed with rigid material from bottom of soffit to top-plate

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Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits 3.1003.6d - Option 2: leave soffit outside (seal at bottom or side)
OR A sealed rigid barrier will be installed at all transitions Objective(s): Prevent air leakage from wall to soffit Reduce opening to what can be sealed with sealant Ensure soffit is outside of the thermal boundary

Before
Wall cavities are open to attic and heat transfer due to dropped soffit
Tools:
1. Tape measure 2. Utility knife 3. Saw 4. Insulation machine 5. Drill 6. Caulk gun 7. Spray foam gun

After
Wall cavities capped and air-sealed in one of a variety of options
Materials:
1. XPS 2. Drywall 3. Plywood 4. Lumber 5. Fasteners 6. Caulk 7. Spray foam 8. Dense packable insulation 9. Poly-wrapped insulation

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Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits 3.1003.6d - Option 2: leave soffit outside (seal at bottom or side)

Clear work area of insulation and debris

Option 1: Span each stud bay with rigid material at level of soffit

Option 2: Backing used to fill bays and sealed with spray foam

Option 3: Stud bay will faced with rigid material, fastened and sealed

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Other Ceiling Materials

3.1005.1 - Tongue and Groove Ceilings
Desired Outcome: Tongue and groove ceilings sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Note:
3.1005.1a - Pre-inspection
Desired Outcome: Tongue and groove ceilings sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): An inspection will be conducted for mold, water leaks, and water damage before sealing a tongue and groove ceiling
Repairs will be completed before work
Objective(s): Repair moisture-related issues

3.1005.1b - Backing
Desired Outcome: Tongue and groove ceilings sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space
Specification(s): Backing will be installed behind tongue and groove ceilings
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage and allow for sealants

3.1005.1c - Sealant selection

Desired Outcome: Tongue and groove ceilings sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attics > Other Ceiling Materials

3.1005.1c - Sealant selection

and conditioned space
Specification(s): Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces
Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications, according to authority having jurisdiction
No sealant will be allowed to be visible in the living space
Objective(s): Select permanent sealant
Ensure sealant meets or exceeds the performance characteristics of the surrounding materials
Ensure ceiling remains aesthetically pleasing

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing
3.1201.1 - Double-Hung Wood Windows
Desired Outcome: Windows operable and weather tight; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
3.1201.1a - Lead paint assessment
Desired Outcome: Windows operable and weather tight; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
Specification(s): Presence of lead-based paint in pre-1978 homes will be assumed unless testing confirms otherwise EPA's Renovation, Repair and Painting (RRP) Program Rule (40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 homes and proposed changes to this rule (Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/May 6, 2010) will be complied with, to be superseded by any subsequent final rulemaking or any more stringent state or federal standards
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant from potential lead hazards

Best Practice
In homes built before 1978, test paint before beginning renovation
Tools: 1. Note: Mask must be worn during testing 2. LeadCheck test kit 3. Utility knife 4. Camera
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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing
EPA RRP certification required to conduct Lead Paint assessment.

3.1201.1d - Replacement sills

1

2

3

Clean tools and sample site to prevent Cut sample site at an angle to expose Break capsules and shake to mix

contamination

all older paint layers

reagents. Swab sample site for 30

seconds

4
Check swab for reaction

5
Red indicates lead positive. White is lead negative.

6
If negative, verify validity of test with provided calibration card

7
Lead in calibration card should test positive and turn red

8
Record test results to maintain documentation

3.1201.1d - Replacement sills

Desired Outcome: Windows operable and weather tight; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing

3.1201.1d - Replacement sills

Specification(s): Beveled sill will be flush with interior wall and sloped to the exterior
Seams will be continuously and completely sealed with sealant to the jambs and to the frame
Sill will be water-sealed and primed
Objective(s): Form a complete seal from the bottom of the lower sash to the sill
Maintain operability of the window
Allow for drainage to the exterior

Before
Rot in and under a window sill is often a sign of a bigger problem

After
Once repaired, this window is less leaky and better supported

Tools:
1. Saw 2. Drill 3. Pry bar 4. Sander 5. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Lumber or metal sill 2. Caulk 3. Fasteners 4. Flashing

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing

3.1201.1d - Replacement sills

Remove sill to determine full extent of Once rotted materials are cut away, Cut new materials flush to surrounding

rot and necessary repairs

determine sizing of new materials

surfaces and pitch toward exterior

For exterior repairs, replace flashing

Set new sill, then replace and prime trim

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing
3.1201.2 - Single-Unit Window and Fixed Frame with Wood Sash
Desired Outcome: Windows operable and weather tight; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration Note:
3.1201.2a - Lead paint assessment
Desired Outcome: Windows operable and weather tight; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
Specification(s): Presence of lead-based paint in pre-1978 homes will be assumed unless testing confirms otherwise EPA's RRP Program Rule (40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 homes and proposed changes to this rule (Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/May 6, 2010) will be complied with, to be superseded by any subsequent final rulemaking or any more stringent state or federal standards
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant from potential lead hazards

Best Practice
In homes built before 1978, test paint before beginning renovation

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing

3.1201.2a - Lead paint assessment

Tools:
1. Note: Mask must be worn during testing 2. LeadCheck test kit 3. Utility knife 4. Camera
EPA RRP certification required to conduct Lead Paint assessment.

1

2

3

Clean tools and sample site to prevent Cut sample site at an angle to expose Break capsule and shake to mix

contamination

all older paint layers

reagents. Swab sample site for 30

seconds

4
Check swab for reaction

5
Red indicates lead positive. White is lead negative

6
If negative, verify validity of test with provided calibration card

7
Lead in calibration card should test

8
Record test results to maintain

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing

positive and turn spot red

documentation

3.1201.2a - Lead paint assessment

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing
3.1201.3 - Exterior Doors
Desired Outcome: Doors operable and weather tight Note:
3.1201.3a - Lead paint assessment
Desired Outcome: Doors operable and weather tight
Specification(s): Presence of lead-based paint in pre-1978 homes will be assumed unless testing confirms otherwise EPA's RRP Program Rule (40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 homes and proposed changes to this rule (Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/ May 6, 2010) will be complied with, to be superseded by any subsequent final rulemaking or any more stringent state or federal standards
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant from potential lead hazards

Best Practice
In homes built before 1978, test paint before beginning renovation
Tools: 1. Note: Mask must be worn during testing 2. LeadCheck test kit 3. Utility knife 4. Camera
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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing

3.1201.3b - Door operation and fit

EPA RRP certification required to conduct Lead Paint assessment.

1

2

3

Clean tools and sample site to prevent Cut sample site at an angle to expose Break capsules and shake to mix

contamination

all older paint layers

reagents. Swab sample site for 30

seconds

4
Check swab for reaction

5
Red indicates lead positive. White is lead negative

6
If negative, verify validity of test with provided calibration card

7
Lead in calibration card should test positive and turn spot red

8
Record test results to maintain documentation

3.1201.3b - Door operation and fit

Desired Outcome: Doors operable and weather tight

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing

3.1201.3b - Door operation and fit

Specification(s): Door will be adjusted to properly fit the jamb and allow for ease of operation (e.g., hinge replacement, re-plane door, door strike adjustment)
Objective(s): Ensure proper operation of the door

Before
Daylight visible around door can indicate it does not hang true and leaks
Tools: 1. Screwdriver 2. Planer

After
With proper adjustment, doors should hang true and minimize leakage
Materials: 1. Shims

1
After examining how door hangs, remove door from hinges

2

3

Adjust hinge plates to bring door back Adjust strike plate to allow for secure

into true

and smooth operation

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing

3.1201.3c - Air infiltration

4
Rehang door to verify adjustments worked and door operates smoothly
3.1201.3c - Air infiltration
Desired Outcome: Doors operable and weather tight
Specification(s): Details that reduce air infiltration will be repaired, replaced, sealed, or installed in accordance with State Energy Conservation Code or local code--whichever is more stringent (e.g., weather stripping, door bottoms, trim replacement with foam)
Objective(s): Reduce air infiltration

Before
Daylight visible around an exterior door indicates air infiltration

After
Weatherstripping and a door bottom minimize air infiltration around doors

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing

3.1201.3d - Water infiltration

Tools:
1. Screwdriver 2. Saw 3. Utility knife 4. Caulk gun 5. Drill 6. Tape measure

Materials:
1. Weatherstripping (Q-lan) 2. Door bottom 3. Fasteners 4. Caulk

Remove leaky door in order to affix door bottom

Measure and trim door, if necessary, Trimming to allow for door bottom to allow for door bottom

Cut door bottom to width of door

Ensure door bottom fits snugly around Measure doorway for weatherstripping door and fasten into place

Notch upper ends of side

Weatherstripping should fit snugly into Rehang door and verify fit, operation,

weatherstripping to allow for top piece rabbit and against other pieces

and lack of air infiltration

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing

3.1201.3d - Water infiltration

3.1201.3d - Water infiltration
Desired Outcome: Doors operable and weather tight
Specification(s): Details that reduce water infiltration will be repaired, replaced, sealed, or installed (e.g., adjust threshold, caulk jamb to threshold, caulk trim, flashing)
Objective(s): Reduce water infiltration

Before
Daylight visible under exterior doors indicate water can leak in

After
By adjusting the threshold and sealing along it, water should be kept out

Tools:
1. Caulk gun 2. Screwdriver 3. Pry bar

Materials: 1. Caulk sealant

Adjust threshold to minimize gap and keep water out

Caulk along threshold from inside and outside to prevent water infiltration

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass
3.1202.1 - Fixed Frame with Wood Sash--Older House
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
3.1202.1a - Lead paint assessment
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration Specification(s): Presence of lead-based paint in pre-1978 homes will be assumed unless testing confirms otherwise EPA's RRP Program Rule (40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 homes and proposed changes to this rule (Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/ May 6, 2010) will be complied with, to be superseded by any subsequent final rulemaking or any more stringent state or federal standards Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant from potential lead hazards

Best Practice
In homes built before 1978, test paint before beginning renovation
Tools:
1. Note: Mask must be worn during testing 2. LeadCheck test kit 3. Utility knife 4. Camera
EPA RRP certification required to conduct Lead Paint assessment.

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass

3.1202.1b - Broken glass removal

1

2

3

Clean tools and sample site to prevent Cut sample site at an angle to expose Break capsules and shake to mix

contamination

all older paint layers

reagents. Swab sample site for 30

seconds

4
Check swab for reaction

5
Red indicates lead positive. White is lead negative

6
If negative, verify validity of test with provided calibration card

7
Lead in calibration card should test positive and turn spot red

8
Record test results to maintain documentation

3.1202.1b - Broken glass removal

Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
Specification(s):

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass
Putty and push points will be removed Broken or cracked glass will be removed
Objective(s): Safely remove old glass

3.1202.1b - Broken glass removal

Before
Broken glass with failed repairs needs to be replaced

In Progress
Large pieces of glass have been removed but sash still needs preparation

Tools:
1. Putty knife 2. Chisel 3. Utility knife 4. Shop vaccuum 5. Tape measure

Materials: 1. Tape

When handling glass, wear heavy work gloves. See also 2.0100.1b for Hand Protection.

1
Wear heavy work gloves when handling glass

2

3

Cut through caulk bead and glazing to Remove old putty and glazing to

ease removal

expose metal points holding glass in

place

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 3.1202.1c - Sash preparation

4
With points and glass removed, measure opening for replacement pane

5
Cut replacement glass 1/8" smaller than measured opening

3.1202.1c - Sash preparation
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
Specification(s): Opening will be cleaned
Objective(s): Prepare opening for new glass

Before
Remove all debris from sash either by sand paper, knife, or chisel

In Progress
Mount new glass onto a clean surface

Tools:
1. Chisel 2. Utility knife

Materials:
1. Sand paper 2. Cleaning solution 3. Rags

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass

3.1202.1d - New glass installation

1
Debris in the sash can cause new glass to seal improperly

2

3

Check closely to remove all pieces of With sash cleaned, glass will fit

broken glass and debris

properly and glazing will seal

3.1202.1d - New glass installation
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
Specification(s): Glass will be sized 1/8" to 3/16'' smaller than opening to allow for movement of frame Safety glass will be installed in accordance with local codes Push points will be provided on each side to secure glass in frame Glazing compound will be added in accordance with manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Ensure glazing compound will adhere to sash Install, seal, and secure new glass in place Allow glazing compound to harden to ensure secure installation

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass

3.1202.1d - New glass installation

Before
With sash prepared, installation of new pane can begin

After
Replacement glass should be securely fixed with points and glazing

Tools:
1. Caulk gun 2. Tape measure 3. Paint brush

Materials:
1. Primer 2. Window glazing 3. Push points 4. Shims 5. Replacement glass 6. Tape

Wear heavy work gloves when handling glass. See also 2.0100.1b for Hand Protection.

1
Wear heavy work gloves when handling glass

2

3

With broken glass removed, measure Cut replacement glass 1/8" smaller

opening for replacement glass

than measured opening

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass

3.1202.1d - New glass installation

4
Use shims to center glass while installing push points

5

6

With push points in place, glaze to air Secure pane in place with tape to hold

seal new glass pane in sash

until glazing sets

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass
3.1202.2 - Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening--Newer House
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
3.1202.2a - Lead paint assessment
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
Specification(s): Presence of lead-based paint in pre-1978 homes will be assumed unless testing confirms otherwise EPA's RRP Program Rule (40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 homes and proposed changes to this rule (Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/May 6, 2010) will be complied with, to be superseded by any subsequent final rulemaking or any more stringent state or federal standards
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant from potential lead hazards

Best Practice
In homes built before 1978, test paint before beginning renovation
Tools: 1. Note: Mask must be worn during testing 2. LeadCheck test kit 3. Utility knife 4. Camera
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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass
EPA RRP certification required to conduct Lead Paint assessment.

3.1202.2b - Broken glass removal

1

2

3

Clean tools and sample site to prevent Cut sample site at an angle to expose Break capsules and shake to mix

contamination

all older paint layers

reagents. Swab sample site for 30

seconds

4
Check swab for reaction

5
Red indicates lead positive. White is lead negative

6
If negative, verify validity of test with provided calibration card

7
Lead in calibration card should test positive and turn spot red

8
Record test results to maintain documentation

3.1202.2b - Broken glass removal

Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass
Specification(s): Window stops and damaged glass will be removed
Objective(s): Safely remove old glass

3.1202.2b - Broken glass removal

Before
Broken glass with failed repairs needs to be replaced

In Progress
After larger pieces are removed, the sash still needs preparation

Tools:
1. Putty knife 2. Chisel 3. Utility knife 4. Shop vaccuum 5. Tape measure

Materials: 1. Tape

Wear heavy work gloves when handling glass. See also 2.0100.1b for Hand Protection.

1
Wear heavy work gloves when handling glass

2
Cut through caulk or glazing to simplify removal

3
Remove old putty and glazing from glass to expose pin nails holding glass

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 3.1202.2c - Opening preparation

4
With pins and glass removed, measure opening for replacement pane

5
Cut replacement glass 1/8" smaller than measured opening

3.1202.2c - Opening preparation
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
Specification(s): Opening will be cleaned
Glazing tape will be removed or replaced
Objective(s): Prepare opening for new glass

Before
Remove all debris, glazing tape, and glass from sash

In Progress
Sash surface must be clean before mounting new glass

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass

Tools:
1. Chisel 2. Utility knife

Materials:
1. Cleaning solution 2. Rags

3.1202.2d - New glass installation

1
Debris in the sash can cause new glass to seal improperly

2
Check closely to remove and collect all broken glass and debris

3
With sash cleaned, glass will fit properly and glazing will seal

3.1202.2d - New glass installation
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
Specification(s): Replacement glass will be sized to original width, height, and depth Stops will be replaced or installed Wood stops will be sealed to glass with appropriate sealant Glass will be selected with comparable tint and coating (color and look) Tempered glass will be installed as required by local codes Glazing compound will be added in accordance with manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Install, seal, and secure new glass in place Allow glazing compound to harden to ensure secure installation

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass

3.1202.2d - New glass installation

Before
With sash prepared, new pane installation can begin

After
Replaced glass should be held in place while glazing sets

Tools:
1. Caulk gun 2. Tape measure 3. Light-duty hammer

Materials: 1. Trim

Wear heavy work gloves when handling glass. See also 2.0100.1b for Hand Protection.

1
Wear heavy work gloves when handling glass

2

3

With broken glass removed, measure Cut replacement glass 1/8" smaller rough opening for replacement glass than measured opening size

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass

3.1202.2d - New glass installation

4
With sash prepared, shim glass to center in opening and reinstall stops

5
Apply window glazing to air seal new pane

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement
3.1203.1 - Replacement Window in Existing Window Frame
Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
3.1203.1a - Lead paint assessment
Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
Specification(s): Presence of lead-based paint in pre-1978 homes will be assumed unless testing confirms otherwise EPA's RRP Program Rule (40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 homes and proposed changes to this rule (Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/ May 6, 2010) will be complied with, to be superseded by any subsequent final rulemaking or any more stringent state or federal standards
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant from potential lead hazards

Best Practice
In homes built before 1978, test paint before beginning renovation
Tools:
1. Note: Mask must be worn during testing 2. LeadCheck test kit 3. Utility knife 4. Camera
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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement

3.1203.1b - Opening preparation

EPA RRP certification required to conduct Lead Paint assessment.

1

2

3

Clean tools and sample site to prevent Cut sample site at an angle to expose Break capsules and shake to mix

contamination

all older paint layers

reagents. Swab sample site for 30

seconds

4
Check swab for reaction

5
Red indicates lead positive. White is lead negative

6
If negative, verify validity of test with provided calibration card

7
Lead in calibration card should test positive and turn spot red

8
Record test results to maintain documentation

3.1203.1b - Opening preparation

Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement

3.1203.1c - Replacement window installation

fenestration
Specification(s): Interior stops, sashes, parting strips, and pulleys will be removed
Opening will be cleaned
Objective(s): Provide a clean opening for replacement window unit

In Progress
Scrape off existing caulk and glazing tape. Clean opening and prepare for new window
Tools: 1. Stiff bladed scraper or putty knife 2. Single-edge razor blade scraper
Written approval from GEFA is required before replacing windows or doors.
3.1203.1c - Replacement window installation
Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
Specification(s): Replacement window will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications, ensuring that the exterior stops are caulked
Objective(s): Ensure replacement window operates properly

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement
Ensure replacement window has a weather tight fit

3.1203.1c - Replacement window installation

In Progress
Installing a vinyl replacement window into a double-hung wood window jamb

Tools:
1. Utility knife 2. Hammer 3. Sharp-bladed prybar 4. Nail set punch 5. Cordless driver/drill 6. Caulking gun 7. HEPA vacuum (for lead-based paint work)

Materials:
1. Window, door, and trim caulk 2. 6-mil polyethylene plastic

Written approval from GEFA is required before replacing windows or doors.

1
Using a utility knife, carefully cut the paint and caulk to remove window stops from window jambs.

2
Using a hammer and flat prybar, carefully remove the inside window stops and remove bottom sash

3
Remove the blind stops, bottom sash, pulleys, and ropes. Clean and prepare the opening

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement

3.1203.1c - Replacement window installation

4

5

6

Apply caulk to stop molding and install the new window in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Follow lead safe work practices if lead Wet surfaces before disturbing lead based paint will be disturbed. Cover based paint floors with plastic six feet from work area

7
Using a HEPA vacuum in lead based paint work areas, clean up as you work

8
Dispose of all waste properly. Wrap waste and place in a dumpster

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement
3.1203.2 - Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening--Newer House
Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
Note:
3.1203.2a - Lead paint assessment
Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
Specification(s): Presence of lead-based paint in pre-1978 homes will be assumed unless testing confirms otherwise
EPA's RRP Program Rule (40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 homes and proposed changes to this rule (Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/May 6, 2010) will be complied with, to be superseded by any subsequent final rulemaking or any more stringent state or federal standards
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant from potential lead hazards

Best Practice
In homes built before 1978, test paint before beginning renovation

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement

3.1203.2a - Lead paint assessment

Tools:
1. Note: Mask must be worn during testing 2. LeadCheck test kit 3. Utility knife 4. Camera
EPA RRP certification required to conduct Lead Paint assessment.

1

2

3

Clean tools and sample site to prevent Cut sample site at an angle to expose Break capsules and shake to mix

contamination

all older paint layers

reagents. Swab sample site for 30

seconds

4
Check swab for reaction

5
Red indicates lead positive. White is lead negative

6
If negative, verify validity of test with provided calibration card

7
Lead in calibration card should test

8
Record test results to maintain

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement

3.1203.2b - Opening preparation

positive and turn spot red

documentation

3.1203.2b - Opening preparation

Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration
Specification(s): Replacement window will be laid out with trim
Exterior trim will be removed or exterior siding will be cut back to fit new window with trim
Existing window will be removed
Window opening will be flashed in accordance with accepted industry standards
Objective(s): Provide a clean and properly flashed opening for replacement window unit

Before
Single pane window in newer home
Tools: 1. Pry bar 2. Utility knife 3. Drill

In Progress
Window is removed to allow for replacement with double pane unit
Materials: 1. Window and door flashing

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement

3.1203.2c - Replacement unit preparation

1
Single pane window needs to be replaced with double pane

2
Cut through caulk at stops to break seal

3
Remove stops while attempting to keep damage to rough opening to minimum

4
Remove interior trim

5
Remove exterior trim

6
Remove exterior fasteners to free window

7
Remove window from rough opening

8
Clean rough opening to remove old caulk and debris

9
Install flashing along sides and bottom of rough opening

3.1203.2c - Replacement unit preparation

Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement

3.1203.2d - Replacement window installation

Specification(s): Mounting detail will be determined based on depth of window and location of window liner
Objective(s): Allow for good fit and finish of replacement window

Before
Single pane window is being removed
Tools: 1. Tape measure 2. Utility knife

In Progress
Double-pane unit replaces previous singlepane one

1
Measure rough opening depth to determine best method of installation

2

3

Clean old sealant off exterior surface Install unit following appropriate detail

to allow for flange installation

for rough opening and unit depth

3.1203.2d - Replacement window installation
Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement

3.1203.2d - Replacement window installation

Specification(s): Replacement windows will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications and will be integrated with flashing
Gaps between the new window and existing frame will be sealed with low-expanding foam
Objective(s): Ensure replacement window operates properly
Ensure replacement window is weather tight

Before
Single pane window is being removed to install double pane unit
Tools:
1. Utility knife 2. Spray foam gun 3. Drill 4. Hammer 5. Saw

After
Double pane unit installed with trim in place
Materials: 1. Fasteners 2. Flashing 3. Low-expansion spray foam 4. Backer rod 5. Primed trim

Install flashing to manufacturer specs Flanges have been folded out to allow Fasten window flange securely around

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Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement

and industry standards

for easy installation

3.1203.2d - Replacement window installation exterior of entire window

With window secured in place, check Check that sash locks align properly, Fill interior gap with compressible

for proper function

indicating window is plumb

foam or appropriate sealant

Prime and replace interior trim and, if Replace exterior trim and patch

needed, sill

exterior siding or finish as needed

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Basements and Crawl Spaces > Crawl Spaces
3.1402.1 - Crawl Spaces--Sealing Floor Penetrations
Desired Outcome: Air leakage prevented and indoor air quality protected Note:
3.1402.1a - Backing and infill
Desired Outcome: Air leakage prevented and indoor air quality protected Specification(s): Backing or infill will be provided as needed to meet the specific characteristics of the selected sealant and the characteristics of the penetration The backing or infill will not bend, sag, or move once installed Objective(s): Ensure resulting closure is permanent and supports any load (e.g., insulation) Ensure sealant does not fall out

Before
Gaps around floor penetrations, such as plumbing, HVAC, and electrical
Tools: 1. Headlamp

After
Gaps should be sealed to maintain air barrier
Materials: 1. Backer rod 2. Sealant

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Air Sealing > Basements and Crawl Spaces > Crawl Spaces

3.1402.1b - Sealant selection

1

2

Prepare work space by removing any Infill with backer rod insulation

3
Apply appropriate caulking to ensure backing/infill does not move

4
Visually inspect to verify no gaps remain

3.1402.1b - Sealant selection
Desired Outcome: Air leakage prevented and indoor air quality protected
Specification(s): Sealants will be used to fill holes no larger than recommended by manufacturer specifications
Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces
Sealants will allow for differential expansion and contraction between dissimilar materials
Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications, according to authority having jurisdiction
Objective(s): Create a permanent seal

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Air Sealing > Basements and Crawl Spaces > Crawl Spaces

3.1402.1c - High temperature application

Ensure sealant meets or exceeds the performance characteristics of the surrounding materials

Bad Practice
Avoid sealants that do not allow for expansion between dissimilar materials
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun

Best Practice
Flexible sealants compensate for differential expansion and maintain a seal
Materials: 1. Caulk 2. Spray foam

Caulking can be used to span gaps up Spray foam can be used to span gaps Check manufacturer specifications to

to 1/4 inch

up to 3 inches

verify spanning capabilities

Also check manufacturer specs for incompatibility with intended surfaces
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Air Sealing > Basements and Crawl Spaces > Crawl Spaces

3.1402.1c - High temperature application

3.1402.1c - High temperature application
Desired Outcome: Air leakage prevented and indoor air quality protected
Specification(s): Only non-combustible materials will be used in contact with chimneys, vents, and flues in accordance with authority having jurisdiction
Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard

Before
Gaps around floor penetrations allow air and moisture movement

After
Use non-combustible materials, like 26-gauge steel and high-temp caulk

Tools:
1. Caulk gun 2. Metal snips 3. Drill/screwdriver

Materials:
1. High-temperature caulk 2. 26-gauge steel sheeting

1
Prepare work area by removing any insulation and debris

2

3

Use high-temperature caulking (600F Apply first ring of caulking to match

min)

shape of opening

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Air Sealing > Basements and Crawl Spaces > Crawl Spaces

3.1402.1c - High temperature application

4
Apply second ring of caulking to size and shape of rigid material

5

6

Fasten rigid material (26-gauge steel) Fasten rigid material to cover

and apply additional caulking

penetration and seal against flue with

caulk

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Basements and Crawl Spaces > Crawl Spaces
3.1402.3 - Closed Crawl Spaces--Air Sealing Exterior Wall
Desired Outcome: Well-sealed exterior wall prevents leakage and pests
3.1402.3a - Seal penetrations
Desired Outcome: Well-sealed exterior wall prevents leakage and pests Specification(s): Penetrations will be sealed with a durable material A minimum expected service life of 10 years will be ensured Objective(s): Prevent air and moisture penetration into crawl space

Before
Light showing through penetration in exterior block wall

After
Sealed with durable material to prevent air and water leakage, and pests

Tools:
1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun 3. Metal snips 4. Drill

Materials:
1. Caulk 2. Sprayfoam 3. Metal mesh 4. Fasteners

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Air Sealing > Basements and Crawl Spaces > Crawl Spaces

3.1402.3b - Pest exclusion

1
Measure holes to determine the best backing and fill strategy

2
In holes larger than 1/4 inch, wire mesh should be used for backing

3
Sprayfoam or caulk seal the hole

3.1402.3b - Pest exclusion
Desired Outcome: Well-sealed exterior wall prevents leakage and pests
Specification(s): If penetration is greater than inches, caulking, steel wool, or other pest-proof material will be used to fill the penetration before sealing
Objective(s): Prevent pest entry

Before

After

For bigger holes, extra steps should be taken Choose the backing and infill strategy that

to keep out pests

works best for the hole size

Tools:
1. Caulk gun 2. Sprayfoam gun 3. Metal snips 4. Drill

Materials:
1. Caulk 2. Sprayfoam 3. Metal mesh 4. Rigid backing

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Basements and Crawl Spaces > Crawl Spaces

3.1402.3b - Pest exclusion

For holes larger than 1/4", rigid

Metal mesh or other rigid materials

backing should be used to keep pests should be cut to fill the space

out

Sprayfoam can be used to seal the hole and hold mesh in place

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attached Garages > Garage Openings
3.1501.1 - Penetrations, Cracks, and Doors Between Garage and House
Desired Outcome: Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage
3.1501.1a - Penetrations
Desired Outcome: Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage Specification(s): All lighting fixtures, wiring, plumbing, venting, ducting, and gas piping penetrations will be sealed Objective(s): Prevent air leakage and pollutant entry

Before
Penetrations between the garage and house can leak hazardous fumes

After
Seal penetrations to minimize risks and air leakage

Tools:
1. Caulk gun 2. Reusable spary foam gun 3. Spray bottle (misting surfaces will improve spray foam adhesion and cure)

Materials:
1. Backer Rod 2. Caulk 3. Spray foam

3.1501.1b - Ductwork
Desired Outcome:
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Air Sealing > Attached Garages > Garage Openings

3.1501.1b - Ductwork

Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage
Specification(s): All joints and connections in ductwork will be fastened and sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M welds, gaskets, adhesive mastics, or mastic-plus- embedded-fabric systems
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage and pollutant entry

Before
Unsealed joints and connections need to be sealed to prevent health risks.

After
Sealed ductwork connections help prevent leakage.

Tools:
1. Disposable brushes 2. Utility knife 3. Cordless driver/drill and 1/4" nut driver bits 4. Zip tie tensioning tool

Materials:
1. Fiberglass mesh tape 2. Mastic duct sealant 3. Zip ties 4. Zip-in pointed sheet metal screws

Fasten metal to metal joints with at least three equally spaced screw around the joint. Use fiberglass mesh tape on cracks 1/4" and larger. Apply mastic sealant at least as thick as a nickel on all seams and gores.

1

2

3

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Air Sealing > Attached Garages > Garage Openings

3.1501.1c - Cracks

Prepare work area by assessing any Wrap joint with fiberglass mesh tape. Apply UL 181 mastic to seal joint. safety concerns.

3.1501.1c - Cracks
Desired Outcome: Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage
Specification(s): All cracks in house and garage separation wall will be sealed, including cracks between mud sill, rim joists, subfloors, and bottom of gypsum board, ensuring the air sealing enhances the integrity of the fire resistance construction of that wall
All cracks in ceiling surfaces will be sealed
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage and pollutant entry

Before
Cracks in shared walls of attached garages are a potential leakage site
Materials: 1. Sprayfoam 2. Fire-block caulk

After
Air sealing reduces pollutant entry, but does not diminish fire resistance

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Air Sealing > Attached Garages > Garage Openings

3.1501.1d - Garage to house door

Determine which walls are shared between garage and living space

Inspect wall and ceiling for cracks and Clear work area of obstacles and

penetrations

debris

Apply appropriate sealant dependent Ensure sealant does not decrease

upon size of crack and location

wall's fire resistance

3.1501.1d - Garage to house door
Desired Outcome: Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage
Specification(s): Weather stripping, door sweep, and threshold will be installed to stop air leakage
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage and pollutant entry

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Air Sealing > Attached Garages > Garage Openings

3.1501.1d - Garage to house door

Before
Daylight visible under door to garage indicates leakage
Tools:
1. Caulk gun 2. Screwdriver 3. Utility knife 4. Hacksaw 5. Saw 6. Tape measure 7. Drill 8. Planer

After
Door sweep, with weatherstripping, will minimize air exchange with garage
Materials:
1. Weatherstripping (Q-lan) 2. Door sweep 3. Caulk 4. Fasteners

Remove door for access to work space and to install sweep

Measure for weatherstripping around Install weatherstripping into rabbit

door

around door

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Air Sealing > Attached Garages > Garage Openings

3.1501.1e - Glass

Corners of weatherstripping should be Adjust threshold to minimize

snug and secure

contaminant and water infiltration

Caulk along threshold to minimize water and contaminant infiltration

Cut door sweep to width of the door

Ensure door sweep fits tightly against Rehang door to verify snug fit and

bottom of door and fasten in place

smooth operation

3.1501.1e - Glass

Desired Outcome: Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage
Specification(s): Broken glass panes in doors will be replaced, pointed, and glazed where needed
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage and pollutant entry

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Attached Garages > Garage Openings

3.1501.1e - Glass

Before
Broken glass in exterior and garage doors allows for leakage. Replace it
Tools:
1. Hammer 2. Pry bar 3. Caulk gun 4. Tape measure

After
With new glass in place, take care to tightly seal and replace stops
Materials:
1. Brads 2. Caulk 3. Glazing 4. New glass cut to size of rough opening

Remove stops, taking care not to damage them

Remove broken glass and clean old sealant and glazing from rough opening

Measure rough opening and cut new glass to size

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Air Sealing > Attached Garages > Garage Openings

3.1501.1f - Carbon monoxide (CO) alarm

Apply sealant to rough opening and place new glass

Seal glass into place from inside as well to ensure no air infiltration

Replace stops and rehang door

3.1501.1f - Carbon monoxide (CO) alarm
Desired Outcome: Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage
Specification(s): CO alarms will be installed in accordance with ASHRAE 62.2, applicable codes and manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Warn occupants of CO exposure from attached garage

Best Practice
Carbon monoxide alarms should be installed throughout the house

Best Practice
Occupants should be alerted to CO alarm locations and maintenance

CO alarms should be installed one per floor and near sleeping areas.

3.1501.1g - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage
Specification(s): Occupant will be educated on need to keep door from garage to house closed and not to warm up vehicles or use any gas engine appliances or grills in the garage, even if the main door is left open

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Air Sealing > Attached Garages > Garage Openings

3.1501.1g - Occupant education

Objective(s): Reduce risk of CO poisoning inside of garage and adjacent rooms

Unsafe
Communicate importance of never running vehicles in a closed garage

Best Practice
Speak with occupant about hazards of using gas appliances in the garage

Occupants should never run vehicles Occupants should not light

in a closed garage

combustibles inside garages

Speak with occupant about hazards of using gas appliances in the garage

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Preparation

3.1601.1 - Preparation and Mechanical Fastening
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage
3.1601.1a - Preparation
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage
Specification(s): Type and R-value of existing duct insulation (e.g., fiberglass, stone wool, asbestos) will be identified as will the location of vapor retarders, if any If asbestos insulation was used, it will not be disturbed; consult with an asbestos abatement expert for removal Surrounding insulation will be cleared to expose joints being sealed Duct surface to accept sealant will be cleaned Insulation will be returned or replaced with equivalent R-value
Objective(s): Gain access while maintaining insulation value Achieve proper adhesion for airtight seal

3.1601.1b - Metal to metal

Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage

Specification(s): Round ducts will be mechanically fastened to maintain alignment

Other shaped ducts will be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems, or tapes

Objective(s):

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Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Preparation
Ensure durable joints
3.1601.1c - Flex to metal
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage Specification(s): Joints will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool Objective(s): Ensure durable joints
3.1601.1d - Duct board to duct board
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage Specification(s): Joints will be fastened with clinch stapler Objective(s): Ensure durable joints
3.1601.1e - Flexible duct to duct board
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage Specification(s): Metal take-off collar will be used and attached in accordance with IRC Objective(s): Ensure durable joints

3.1601.1c - Flex to metal

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Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Preparation

3.1601.1g - Duct board plenum to air handler cabinet

3.1601.1f - Metal plenum to air handler cabinet
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage
Specification(s): Plenum will be mechanically fastened
Objective(s): Ensure durable joints

3.1601.1g - Duct board plenum to air handler cabinet
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage
Specification(s): Termination bar or metal strip will be fastened with screws
Duct board will be installed between the screw and the termination bar
Objective(s): Ensure durable joints

3.1601.1h - Boot to wood
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage
Specification(s): Screws or nails will be used to fasten boot to wood
Objective(s): Ensure durable joints

3.1601.1i - Boot to gypsum
Desired Outcome:

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Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Preparation
Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage Specification(s): Boot hanger will be fastened to adjacent framing with screws or nails Boot will be connected to boot hanger with screws Integral snap boots will be installed Objective(s): Ensure durable joints

3.1601.1j - Flex to duct board

3.1601.1j - Flex to duct board
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage
Specification(s): Take-offs will be in accordance with IRC and applicable local code
Objective(s): Ensure durable joints

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Preparation

3.1601.2 - Duct Preparation for SPF Application
Desired Outcome: Condition of ductwork identified and necessary repairs made in preparation for spray polyurethane foam (SPF) application
3.1601.2a - Inspection
Desired Outcome: Condition of ductwork identified and necessary repairs made in preparation for spray polyurethane foam (SPF) application
Specification(s): All exposed ductwork in unconditioned spaces (e.g., attics, basements, crawl spaces) will be inspected
Broken joints or large cracks, gaps, or holes will be identified
Type of ductwork (e.g., metal, duct board, flex duct) will be identified
Type and R-value of existing duct insulation (e.g., fiberglass, stone wool, asbestos) will be identified as will the location of vapor retarders, if any
If asbestos insulation was used, it will not be disturbed; consult with an asbestos abatement expert for removal
Loose fitting or damaged fiberglass or stone wool insulation will be removed using proper safety equipment
Necessary clearances for installation of SPF will be ensured
Objective(s): Identify damaged ductwork in need of repair
Identify type and R-value of existing insulation

3.1601.2b - Repair
Desired Outcome:
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Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Preparation

3.1601.2b - Repair

Condition of ductwork identified and necessary repairs made in preparation for spray polyurethane foam (SPF) application
Specification(s): Broken or missing ductwork will be repaired or replaced
All cracks, gaps, or holes greater than " will be taped or sealed as feasible
Dust, dirt, and grease will be removed from exterior surfaces of ducts
Objective(s): Cover openings in ducts to prevent SPF from entering the interior of the duct
Ensure surfaces of duct are clean to promote proper adhesion of SPF

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Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Preparation
3.1601.3 - Support
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly supported
3.1601.3a - Support (applies to all duct types)
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly supported
Specification(s): Flexible and duct board ducts and plenums will be supported every 4' using a minimum of 1 " wide material Support materials will be applied in a way that does not crimp ductwork or cause the interior dimensions of the ductwork to be less than specified (e.g., ceiling, framing, strapping); duct support must be installed in accordance with authority having jurisdiction Metal ducts will be supported by 1/2 inch wide eighteen gauge metal straps or 12-gauge galvanized wire at intervals not exceeding 10 feet or other approved means
Objective(s): Eliminate falling and sagging

Before
Ducts should not be allowed to droop and drag, adding distance to run

After
Properly supported ducts minimize heat loss and and maximize duct run

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Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Preparation
Tools: 1. Metal snips 2. Utility knife 3. Drill 4. Stapler

3.1601.3a - Support (applies to all duct types)
Materials: 1. 18 gauge metal strap (at least 1/2" wide) 2. 12 gauge galvinized wire 3. Fabric support straps (at least 1 1/2" wide) 4. Staples 5. Fasteners

BAD: Make sure supports DO NOT compress insulation or duct

Flex ducts should have supports no less than every 4 feet

Durable strap should be at least 1 1/2 inches wide

Metal ducts should be supported every Metal straps should be at least 18

10 feet or less with straps or wire

gauge and 1/2 inch wide

Metal wire should be at least 12 gauge and galvanized

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Sealing
3.1602.1 - Air Sealing Duct System
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage
3.1602.1c - Existing component to existing component
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage Specification(s): Seams, cracks, joints, holes, and penetrations less than " will be sealed using UL 181 fiberembedded mastic Seams, cracks, joints, holes, and penetrations between " and " will be sealed in two stages: * They will be backed using temporary tape (e.g., foil tape) as a support prior to sealing* They will be sealed using fiberglass mesh and mastic Seams, cracks, joints, holes, and penetrations larger than " will be repaired using rigid duct material Mastic will overlap repair joint or existing temporary tape by at least 1" on all sides Objective(s): Eliminate air leakage into or out of ducts and plenums Ensure adhesion of primary seal (fiberglass mesh and mastic) to the duct Reinforce seal Support fiberglass mesh and mastic during curing

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Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Sealing

3.1602.1c - Existing component to existing component

Before
Unsealed joints and connections need to be sealed to prevent health risks

After
Sealed ductwork connections help prevent leakage

Materials:
1. Mastic 2. Fiberglass mesh tape

1
Prepare work area by assessing any safety concerns

2

3

Wrap joint with fiberglass mesh tape Apply UL 181 mastic to seal joint

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Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Sealing
3.1602.2 - Duct Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Installation
Desired Outcome: Exposed ductwork in unconditioned spaces insulated and sealed
3.1602.2a - Installation
Desired Outcome: Exposed ductwork in unconditioned spaces insulated and sealed
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed according to manufacturer specifications and all provisions of the IRC SPF will be applied to desired thickness, using pass thickness maximum as indicated by manufacturer Sufficient insulation will be applied to all joints and around all penetrations to the conditioned space through walls, floors, and ceilings SPF will be covered with proper fire protective coverings or coatings appropriate for location of ductwork and type of foam used and provisions of the IRC and local codes If ducts are used for air-conditioning, an appropriate vapor retarder will be applied on the SPF if open-cell SPF used If 2" or more of closed-cell SPF is used, follow manufacturer specification to determine if additional vapor retarder is needed The flame spread index will not be greater than 25 and the smoke- developed index is not greater than 450 at the specified installed thickness The foam plastic will be protected with an ignition barrier
Objective(s): Insulate and seal all exposed ductwork in unconditioned spaces Manage moisture condensation on ductwork that carry cooled air in warm, moist climates Provide adequate fire protection for exposed SPF

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Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Sealing
3.1602.3 - Proprietary Spray Application
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage
3.1602.3a - Internal or external application
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage Specification(s): Installation of sealant will be applied in accordance with manufacturer specifications as well as UL 181M, NFPA 90A, and NFPA 90B Objective(s): Reduce duct leakage

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Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Sealing
3.1602.4 - Air Sealing System Components
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage
3.1602.4a - Duct boot to interior surface
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage Specification(s): All gaps between boot and interior surface that defines conditioned space will be air sealed Gypsum edge will be wetted before applying water-based sealant Sealants will be continuous and be in accordance with IRC Objective(s): Prevent air leakage Prevent a fire hazard

Before
Gaps around duct boots allow for leakage to and from the attic

After
Use a mesh in mastic system to seal duct boot to interior surface

Tools:
1. Utility knife 2. Spray bottle 3. Putty knife 4. Reusable spray foam gun 5. Caulking gun

Materials:
1. Mastic 2. Mesh tape 3. Caulk

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Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Sealing

3.1602.4b - Wooden plenums and building cavities

1

2

Remove grill to expose duct boot and Wet the edges of the drywall to

gaps

ensure a good bond

3
Cut mesh tape to fit around duct boot and cover gaps

4

5

Apply mastic over mesh tape to create Once mastic is set, grill can be

heat resistant, durable bond

replaced and mastic should not show

3.1602.4b - Wooden plenums and building cavities
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage
Specification(s): Accessible connections and joints will be made airtight using approved material
Objective(s): Ensure ducts and plenums will not leak

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Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Sealing

3.1602.4b - Wooden plenums and building cavities

Before
Locate unsealed ducts constructed from building cavities

After
Return plenum lined with fiberglass duct board and sealed with mastic

Tools:
1. disposable brushes 2. tape measure 3. utility knife 4. rubber gloves 5. framing square or T-square 6. tin snips

Materials:
1. mastic 2. fiberglass duct board 3. UL 181 listed mastic tape 4. screws 5. sheet metal

DO NOT use spray polyurethane foam.

Use approved materials to seal ductwork; cover organic materials with airtight, non-organic material such as mastic, metal, or duct board.

From NFPA 90B 4.2.1.3: "The interior of combustible ducts shall be lined with noncombustible material at points where there might be danger from incandescent particles dropped through the register or heater, such as directly under floor registers, the bottom of vertical ducts, or heaters having a bottom return."

From NFPA 90B 4.3.1.1: "Duct coverings, duct linings, and tapes used in duct systems shall have a maximum flame spread index of 25 without evidence of continued progressive combustion and a maximum smoke developed index of 50 when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84 or ANSI/UL 723..."

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Sealing

3.1602.4c - Air handler cabinet

1

2

3

Identify building cavities used as ducts Seal holes and penetrations and line Cut and install fiberglass duct board to

the duct with airtight material

create an airtight duct

4
Seal seams in duct board and site-built ducts with mastic
3.1602.4c - Air handler cabinet
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage
Specification(s): Joints will be closed and cracks and holes not needed for proper function of unit will be sealed using removable sealant (e.g., foil tape) or in accordance with the original equipment manufacturer directions (if available)
Objective(s): Reduce air leakage while maintaining accessibility

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Sealing

3.1602.4d - Filter slot

Before
Unnecessary holes in the air handler cabinet need to be sealed

After
Use removable foil tape to seal holes

Materials: 1. Foil tape

1
Unnecessary holes in the air handler cabinet should be sealed

2
Removable foil tape should be used to seal

3
Fully cover holes with tape to seal completely

3.1602.4d - Filter slot
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage
Specification(s): A pre-manufactured or site manufactured durable filter slot cover will be installed
Objective(s): Reduce air leakage while maintaining accessibility

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Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Sealing

3.1602.4d - Filter slot

Before
Uncovered filter slots are a point of leakage

After
Filter slots should be covered

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Sealing
3.1602.5 - Return--Framed Platform
Desired Outcome: The return duct installed to prevent air leakage
3.1602.5a - Preparation
Desired Outcome: The return duct installed to prevent air leakage Specification(s): Debris and dirt will be cleaned out of the return platform Objective(s): Allow for the application of rigid materials and sealants

Before
Dirty, unsealed return platform needs to be cleaned out before sealing
Tools: 1. Shop vacuum

In Progress
Vacuum out debris and dirt from the return to prepare work area

3.1602.5b - Infill and backing
Desired Outcome: The return duct installed to prevent air leakage
Specification(s):

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Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Sealing

3.1602.5b - Infill and backing

Backing or infill will be provided as needed to meet the specific characteristics of the selected material and the characteristics of the open space
Backing or infill will not bend, sag, or move once installed
Material will be rated for use in return duct systems
Objective(s): Minimize hole size to ensure successful use of sealant
Ensure closure is permanent and supports any load (e.g., return air pressure)
Ensure sealant does not fall out

Before
Leakage from air return into wall cavities should be eliminated
Tools: 1. Tape measure 2. Utility knife 3. Drill 4. Caulk gun

In Progress
Only materials rated for use in higher temperature areas should be used
Materials:
1. Fiberglass duct board 2. Drywall 3. Fire-resistant caulk 4. Fasteners

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June 22, 2018

Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Sealing

3.1602.5c - Sealant selection

DO NOT use EPS foam board or XPS foam board in air returns due to proximity to combustion appliances

3.1602.5c - Sealant selection
Desired Outcome: The return duct installed to prevent air leakage
Specification(s): Sealants will be continuous and be in accordance with IRC
Objective(s): Select permanent sealant
Ensure sealant meets or exceeds the performance characteristics of the surrounding materials

Best Practice

Best Practice

Sealants, like mesh and UL 181 mastic, meet Caulk sealants will be continuous IRC, ASTM, and UL specs

Tools:
1. Caulk gun 2. Utility knife 3. Taping knife

Materials:
1. Fiberglass mesh 2. Siliconized caulk 3. UL 181 mastic

Paraphrased from 2012 IRC R302.9: Wall and ceiling finishes will have a flame spread index of 200 or less and a smoke-developed index of 450 or less

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June 22, 2018

Insulation > Attics > General Preparation
4.1001.1 - Non-Insulation Contact (IC) Recessed Light
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage
4.1001.1a - Air barrier system
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage Specification(s): A fire-rated air barrier system (i.e., equivalent to 5/8 fire code gypsum wallboard) will be used to separate non- IC rated recessed lights from insulation, using one of the methods below: A fire-rated airtight closure taller than surrounding attic insulation will be placed over non- IC rated recessed lights OR The non- IC rated light fixture will be replaced with an airtight IC - rated fixture or insert OR The fixture(s) may be replaced with surface mounted fixture and opening sealed ORAir sealing measures as approved by the authority having jurisdiction Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard Prevent air leakage through fixture

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Insulation > Attics > General Preparation

4.1001.1b - Enclosure top

Before
Non-IC rated recessed light fixtures should be dammed from insulation
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Tape measure

After
Sealed box around non-IC light should be taller than surrounding insulation
Materials:
1. 5/8" fire-rated Type X drywall 2. Fire-rated caulk sealant 3. OR approved fire-rated air barrier system/material

1

2

3

Construct box to maintain a minimum of 3" clearance to combustible materials

Sealed box should be constructed of fire-rated drywall

OR non-IC can light can be replaced with airtight, IC-rated recessed light

4.1001.1b - Enclosure top
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage
Specification(s): The top-fire rated enclosure material will have an R-value of 0.56 or less
The top of the enclosure will be left free of insulation

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Insulation > Attics > General Preparation
Objective(s): Prevent heat build up

4.1001.1c - Clearance

Before
Non-IC rated recessed lights create excess heat and are a fire risk
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Caulk gun

After
Once dammed from insulation, it should still not have insulation on top
Materials: 1. Drywall

4.1001.1c - Clearance
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage
Specification(s): The entire closure will maintain a 3" clearance between the closure and the fixture including wiring, box, and ballast
Objective(s): Keep an air space around the fixture

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Insulation > Attics > General Preparation

4.1001.1d - Sealants and weather stripping

Before
Non-IC rated recessed lights produce excess heat and can be a fire risk

After
A 3 inch clearance should be kept from boxing materials

Tools:
1. Utility knife 2. Tape measure 3. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Fire-rated sealant 2. Drywall

4.1001.1d - Sealants and weather stripping
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage
Specification(s): Caulk, mastic, or foam will be used on all edges, gaps, cracks, holes, and penetrations of closure material only
Objective(s): To prevent air leakage, completely adhere the sealant to all surfaces to be sealed

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June 22, 2018

Insulation > Attics > General Preparation

4.1001.1d - Sealants and weather stripping

Before
Non-IC recessed light fixtures produce excess heat and can be a fire risk
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun 3. Putty knife

After
Entire box should be sealed, but none should come in contact with light
Materials:
1. Fire-rated silicone caulk 2. UL-181 mastic 3. Spray foam

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Insulation > Attics > General Preparation
4.1001.2 - Knob and Tube Wiring
Desired Outcome: Insulation kept away from contact with live wiring Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
4.1001.2a - Identifying knob and tube wiring
Desired Outcome: Insulation kept away from contact with live wiring
Specification(s): Contractor, assessor, auditor, or similar will inspect and assess the house to identify knob and tube wiring
Objective(s): Determine if knob and tube wiring exists

Unsafe
Identify knob and tube wiring in homes to insulate properly and safely

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Insulation > Attics > General Preparation

4.1001.2b - Testing to determine if live

More knob & tube wiring

Knob & tube wiring again

4.1001.2b - Testing to determine if live
Desired Outcome: Insulation kept away from contact with live wiring
Specification(s): Non-contact testing method will be used to identify live wiring
Objective(s): Ensure safety of occupants, workers, and house
Plan where remediation is needed

Unsafe
Knob & tube wiring needs to be tested to determine if still live. Red=live
Tools: 1. Non-contact wire tester

Safe
Live wiring should be dammed or professionally disabled before insulating

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June 22, 2018

Insulation > Attics > General Preparation

4.1001.2c - Isolate or replace

4.1001.2c - Isolate or replace
Desired Outcome: Insulation kept away from contact with live wiring
Specification(s): Proper clearance will be maintained around live knob and tube as required by the National Electrical Code ( NEC ) or authority having jurisdiction
When required, a dam that does not cover the top will be created to separate insulation from the wire path
Objective(s): Ensure work can be completed safely
Protect occupant and house
Ensure future work can be done safely
Prevent the overheating of the wiring

Before
Knob & tube wiring radiates heat and cannot be insulated over

After
Before insulation, wiring should be dammed or disabled and replaced

Tools:
1. Non-contact wire tester 2. Drywall 3. Plywood 4. Saw 5. Drill 6. Tape measure

Materials:
1. Fasteners 2. Romex as needed

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June 22, 2018

Insulation > Attics > General Preparation

4.1001.2c - Isolate or replace

NEC guidelines and local jurisdictions often closely prescribe the treatment of knob & tube wiring. Check your local codes.

If electrician determines wiring is safe and keeps it active, isolate wires

To isolate, dams higher than intended Warning of knob & tube should be insulation depth should be installed posted at all entrances to related
spaces

Warning signs should encourage the Some jurisdictions require warning use of certified electrician for repairs signs in Spanish as well

If knob & tube can be replaced, all existent k&t should be disabled

Many electricians will removed

Modern wiring should replace all knob

exposed wires to prevent reactivation & tube

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Insulation > Attics > General Preparation
4.1001.3 - Fireplace Chimney and Combustion Flue Vents
Desired Outcome: Combustible materials kept away from combustion sources
4.1001.3a - Verify attic prep
Desired Outcome: Combustible materials kept away from combustion sources Specification(s): Holes, penetrations, and bypasses will be sealed Dams will be fixed in places that maintain required clearance Objective(s): Prevent air leakage Ensure insulation dams maintain clearance

Before
Gaps and penetrations in attic need to be sealed to maintain air barrier
Tools:
1. Metal snips 2. Caulk gun 3. Fasteners

After
Chimneys, flues, and light fixtures should be dammed to prevent fire
Materials:
1. 26-gauge steel sheeting 2. High temperature caulk 3. Caulk 4. Backer rod 5. Spray foam

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June 22, 2018

Insulation > Attics > General Preparation

4.1001.3b - Required clearance

Gaps around flues and penetrations need to be sealed before insulating

High temperature caulk should be used for flues and chimneys

26-gauge steel should be used to construct seals and dams on flues

Only construct dam after sealing has Dammed chimneys, flues and light

been completed properly

fixtures prevent fires

4.1001.3b - Required clearance
Desired Outcome: Combustible materials kept away from combustion sources
Specification(s): A rigid dam having a height to ensure a 3" clearance area free of insulation or combustibles between combustion flue vent and dam, unless the flue vent is listed for a lesser clearance
Objective(s): Ensure dam material does not bend, move, or sag
Prevent a fire hazard

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Insulation > Attics > General Preparation

4.1001.3c - Safety

Before
To prevent fire hazards, flues, chimneys, and light fixtures require dams

After
Observe a 3 inch minimum clearance for dams around flues and chimneys

Tools: 1. Metal snips

Materials:
1. 26-gauge steel sheeting 2. Fasteners

4.1001.3c - Safety
Desired Outcome: Combustible materials kept away from combustion sources
Specification(s): Insulation will not be allowed between a heat-generating appliance and a dam unless material is rated for contact with heat generating sources
Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard

Before
Dams around flues, chimneys, and light fixtures should hold back insulation

After
Clear dams of any loose insulation in order to minimize risk of fire

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June 22, 2018

Insulation > Attics > General Preparation

4.1001.3d - Occupant education

4.1001.3d - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Combustible materials kept away from combustion sources
Specification(s): Documentation of material and R-value will be provided to occupant
Objective(s): Provide occupant with documentation of installation

Best Practice
Staple insulation card in an easily viewed location in the attic

Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support

Documentation should include insulation material and r-value

Staple the insulation card in a prominent location in the attic

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Insulation > Attics > General Preparation
4.1001.4 - Vented Eave or Soffit Baffles
Desired Outcome: Attic ventilation meets code requirements and insulation is protected from wind washing Note:
4.1001.4a - Installation
Desired Outcome: Attic ventilation meets code requirements and insulation is protected from wind washing
Specification(s): If soffit venting or eave venting is present, baffles will be mechanically fastened to block wind entry into insulation or to prevent insulation from blowing back into the attic If soffit venting or eave venting is present, baffles will be installed to maintain clearance between the roof deck and baffle in accordance with manufacturer specifications Installation will allow for the highest possible R-value above the top plate of the exterior wall
Objective(s): Ensure insulation R-value is not reduced Maintain attic ventilation

Before
Insulation should not block vented eaves
Tools: 1. Stapler

After
Baffles installed in vented attics to allow air flow past insulation
Materials: 1. Baffles 2. Staples

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Insulation > Attics > General Preparation

4.1001.4a - Installation

Allow a standard two inch gap for air flow through eave

Baffles should be securely fastened to Once baffles are properly installed,

prevent movement over time

insulation can be placed against them

Baffles also hold insulation from falling into eave

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4.1003.3 - Unvented Flat Roof with Existing Insulation
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through unvented roof
4.1003.3a - Ventilation
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through unvented roof Specification(s): Code compliant ventilation will be installed before insulation Objective(s): Reduce possibility of moisture issues

Before
Unvented flat roofs should have venting installed
Tools:
1. Saw 2. Grinder 3. Metal snips 4. Drill

After
Vents in the space below the roof help maintain proper air flow
Materials: 1. Metal lath 2. Stucco

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4.1003.3b - Installation

Unvented flat roofs should have venting installed

Vents in the space below the roof help maintain proper air flow

Mushroom capped vents in the roof are equally important to air flow

4.1003.3b - Installation
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through unvented roof
Specification(s): Roof cavities will be blown with loose fill insulation (or roof cavities will be dense packed with insulation) without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value

Before
Vent reveals attic is insulated with old rug -not adequate.

In Progress
Attic will be dense packed to r-value specified on Work Order.

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4.1003.3c - Occupant education

Tools: 1. Insulation machine

Materials:
1. Loose fillable or dense packable insulation

4.1003.3c - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through unvented roof
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: Insulation type Coverage area R-value Installed thickness and minimum settled thickness Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Ensure ability to match bags required for total area completed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

Best Practice
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed
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4.1003.3c - Occupant education

Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support

Documentation should include insulation material and r-value

Provide occupant with copies of all documentation

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Insulation > Attics > Knee Walls
4.1004.1 - Preparation for Dense Packing
Desired Outcome: Airtight cavity and insulated knee wall
4.1004.1a - Backing
Desired Outcome: Airtight cavity and insulated knee wall
Specification(s): All knee walls will have top and bottom plate or blockers installed using rigid materials When knee wall floor and walls are being insulated, the floor joist running under the knee wall will be air sealed If fabric is used before dense packing, it will be secured, according to manufacturers specifications or with furring strips every wall stud If rigid material is used, material will be installed to cover 100% of the surface of the accessible knee wall area If foam sheathing is used, sheathing will be listed for uncovered use in an attic or covered with a fire barrier
Objective(s): Eliminate bending, sagging, or movement that may result in air leakage Prevent air leakage through the top or bottom of the knee wall Ensure material will not tear under stress from wind loads or insulation

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4.1004.1a - Backing

Before
Knee walls often need sealing and insulation

After
Knee wall is prepped for dense pack insulation

Tools:
1. Tape measure 2. Utility knife 3. Caulk gun 4. Spray foam gun 5. Drill 6. Stapler

Materials:
1. Drywall 2. XPS 3. Caulk 4. Spray foam 5. Fasteners 6. Staples

Knee walls missing top plates need one created from rigid material

Top plate holds dense pack insulation New top plate should be sealed to

in cavity

surrounding joists and studs

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Insulation > Attics > Knee Walls
Bottom plates also need to be installed. Measure for size

4.1004.1b - Installation

Cut to size and attempt to install in line with air barrier above

Seal to surrounding joist

If using house-wrap or fabric, tack in place with furring strips or staples

Drywall is also a good barrier for dense packing knee walls

4.1004.1b - Installation

Desired Outcome: Airtight cavity and insulated knee wall
Specification(s): All existing batted insulation will be adjusted to ensure it is in full contact with the interior cladding and the top and bottom plates
Insulation that is blown behind fabric or air barrier material will be blown dense to a minimum specification of 3.5 pounds per cubic foot for cellulose
Follow manufacturer's requirements for fiberglass dense pack applications
Objective(s): Eliminate misalignment of existing insulation
Prevent insulation from settling or moving

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4.1004.1b - Installation

Before
Existing batt insulation should be adjusted to fit properly

After
If properly dense-packed, insulation should hold in place when finished

Attach furring strips to create pockets for dense-pack insulation

Insulation should meet manufacturer specifications for density.

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4.1004.2 - Preparation for Batt Insulation
Desired Outcome: Airtight cavity and properly insulated knee wall
4.1004.2a - Knee wall prep for batts
Desired Outcome: Airtight cavity and properly insulated knee wall Specification(s): All knee walls will have a top and bottom plate or blockers installed using a Rigid material All joints, cracks, and penetrations will be sealed in finished material, including interior surface to framing connections When knee wall floor and walls are being insulated, the floor joist running under the knee wall will be air sealed. Objective(s): Eliminate bending, sagging, or movement that may result in air leakage Prevent air leakage through the top or bottom of the knee wall Create an air barrier

Before
Top plate is missing from knee wall

After
New top plate is sealed to adjacent framing

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Tools: 1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun 3. Tape measure 4. Utility knife 5. Drill 6. Saw

Materials:
1. XPS 2. Lumber 3. Caulk 4. Spray foam 5. Fasteners

4.1004.2b - Installation

Top plate has been cut and fit to size Top plate has been sealed to adjacent framing

Bottom plate is also missing. Space is measured so XPS can be cut

Bottom plate is cut to size

Bottom plate is placed in line with interior air barrier

Bottom plate is also sealed to surrounding joist and framing

4.1004.2b - Installation
Desired Outcome: Airtight cavity and properly insulated knee wall
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed using one of the following methods:
New batts will be installed in accordance with manufacture specifications

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4.1004.2c - Backing knee wall

All existing batted insulation will be adjusted to ensure it is in full contact with the interior cladding and the top and bottom plates
Objective(s): Eliminate misalignment of existing insulation

Before
Knee wall with batts improperly installed and missing from stud bays

After
Properly fit insulation filling full volume of stud bay

Tools:
1. Utility knife 2. Tape measure

Materials: 1. Fiberglass batts

Where existing insulation is improperly Kraft-face should go to "warm in

installed, fix it

winter" side and batt should fill bay

Batts should fill entire volume of knee wall stud bays

4.1004.2c - Backing knee wall
Desired Outcome: Airtight cavity and properly insulated knee wall

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4.1004.2c - Backing knee wall

Specification(s): If rigid material is used, material will be installed to cover 100% of the surface of the knee wall
If foam sheathing is used, sheathing will be listed for uncovered use in attic, or covered with a fire barrier
Objective(s): Prevent insulation from settling or moving

Before
Knee walls with batt insulation require covering

After
Foam sheathing? Needs to be covered with a fire barrier

Tools:

Materials:

1. Utility knife

1. Drywall

2. Tape measure

2. House wrap

3. Drill

Many popular extruded polystyrene (XPS) foam insulation products meet the exemption at the

bottom of the following section from the 2012 IRC, based on testing and evaluation by the ICC

Evaluation Service (ICC-ES) or Underwriters Laboratories (UL). Ensure that the code

conditions are met and check for the appropriate ICC-ES or UL evaluation report for the specific

product and manufacturer before installing without an iginition or thermal barrier.

"R316.5.3 Attics. The thermal barrier specified in Section R316.4 is not required where all of the following apply:
1. Attic access is required by Section R807.1.
2. The space is entered only for purposes of repairs or maintenance.
3. The foam plastic insulation is protected against ignition using one of the following ignition barrier materials:
3.1. 11/2-inch-thick (38 mm) mineral fiber insulation;

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4.1004.2c - Backing knee wall

3.2. 1/4-inch-thick (6.4 mm) wood structural panels; 3.3. 3/8-inch (9.5 mm) particleboard; 3.4. 1/4-inch (6.4 mm) hardboard; 3.5. 3/8-inch (9.5 mm) gypsum board; or 3.6. Corrosion-resistant steel having a base metal thickness of 0.016 inch (0.406 mm); 3.7. 11/2-inch-thick (38 mm) cellulose insulation.The above ignition barrier is not required where the foam plastic insulation has been tested in accordance with Section R316.6."

1

2

Fiberglass batts in attic knee walls can be held in place by If foam sheathing is used, it needs to be covered with a

house wrap

fire barrier

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4.1004.3 - Strapping for Existing Insulation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value
Note:
4.1004.3a - Sealing
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value
Specification(s): Holes and penetrations will be sealed
Bypasses will be blocked and sealed
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage

4.1004.3b - Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed in full contact with all sides of existing cavity without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value

4.1004.3c - Attachment

Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to

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4.1004.3d - Occupant education

prescribed R-value
Specification(s): Strapping material will have a minimum expected service life of 20 years
Objective(s): Maintain alignment

4.1004.3d - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value
Specification(s): Documentation of material and R-value will be provided to occupant
Objective(s): Provide occupant with documentation of installation

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4.1004.4 - Knee Wall Without Framing
Desired Outcome: Consistent uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value

4.1004.4a - Sealing
Desired Outcome: Consistent uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value
Specification(s): Holes and penetrations will be sealed
Bypasses will be blocked and sealed
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage

4.1004.4b - Flat cavity present
Desired Outcome: Consistent uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value
Specification(s): Gap between framing and existing air barrier will be insulated
Objective(s): Create a flat insulated surface

4.1004.4c - Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value

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4.1004.4d - Occupant education

Specification(s): A rigid insulated sheathing will be mechanically fastened to code required R-value
Seams will be sealed
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value

4.1004.4d - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Consistent uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:
Coverage area
Thickness R-value
Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications
Confirm amount of insulation installed
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

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Insulation > Attics > Attic Floors
4.1005.1 - Accessible Floors--Batt Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow
4.1005.1a - Preparation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow Specification(s): Subfloor or drywall will be removed to access cavities as necessary, including inaccessible kneewall attic floor spaces All electrical junctions will be flagged to be seen above the level of the insulation Open electrical junction boxes will have covers installed Objective(s): Access the workspace Provide location of electrical junctions for future servicing Prevent an electrical hazard

Before
Remove flooring in attic spaces to access floor cavities and insulate

After
Flag electrical junctions to make future maintenance and repairs easier

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Insulation > Attics > Attic Floors
Tools: 1. Hammer 2. Pry bar

Materials: 1. Flags

4.1005.1b - Installation

Pry up flooring to access floor cavities Check cavity for electrical junctions and penetrations

If electrical junctions are found, they should be enclosed and flagged

Air seal any penetrations

4.1005.1b - Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow
Specification(s): Batt insulation will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions
Insulation will be installed to the prescribed R-value
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value

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4.1005.1c - Occupant education

Before
Accessible attic floors should be air sealed and insulated
Tools:
1. Hammer 2. Utility knife 3. Tape measure

After
Insulate floor cavities to prescribe R-value from the work order
Materials: 1. Fiberglass batts

Insert fiberglass batts into floor cavities, kraft-face down

Fill entire volume of floor cavity

Once insulated, flooring should be reinstalled

4.1005.1c - Occupant education

Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:
Coverage area
Thickness

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R-value Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

4.1005.1c - Occupant education

Best Practice
Document the thickness and R-value of the installed insulation

Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support

Documentation should include insulation material and r-value

Provide occupant with copies of all documentation

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4.1005.2 - Accessible Floors--Loose Fill Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow
4.1005.2a - Preparation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow Specification(s): Subfloor or drywall will be removed to access cavities as necessary, including inaccessible kneewall attic floor spaces Insulation will be adequately marked for depth a minimum of every 300 square feet of attic area, with measurement beginning at the air barrier All electrical boxes will be flagged to be seen above the level of the insulation Open electrical junctions will have covers installed Insulation dams and enclosures will be installed as required Objective(s): Access the workspace Verify uniformity of insulation material Provide location of electrical boxes for future servicing Prevent an electrical hazard

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4.1005.2a - Preparation

Before
Accessible attic floors should be air sealed and insulated
Tools:
1. Pry bar 2. Hammer 3. Caulk gun 4. Utility knife 5. Staple gun 6. Spray foam gun 7. Tape measure

After
Depth markers and insulation dams aid in proper insulation of attic spaces
Materials: 1. Flags 2. Depth markers 3. Staples 4. XPS 5. Caulk 6. Spray foam

Check cavity for electrical junctions and penetrations

Flag and install covers on electrical junctions

Seal any penetrations

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4.1005.2b - Air barrier

Non-IC (insulation contact) can lights should be covered with a dam and have no insulation on top

Install depth markers and insulation dams above height of insulation

4.1005.2b - Air barrier
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow
Specification(s): Existence of air barrier material in line with the knee walls will be installed or verified when dense packing
Air barrier material will not bend, sag, or move once dense packed
Objective(s): Hold dense pack in place

Before
When missing, bottom plates must be installed under knee walls

After
New bottom plates complete air barrier and hold insulation in place

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Tools: 1. Tape measure 2. Utility knife 3. Saw 4. Drill 5. Spray foam gun 6. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Spray foam 2. XPS 3. Drywall 4. Plywood 5. Fasteners 6. Caulk sealant

4.1005.2c - Installation

Measure floor cavity for new bottom plate

Cut rigid material, such as XPS, to size to snugly fit into cavity

Align block with air barrier of conditioned space

Air seal around new bottom plate with spray foam
4.1005.2c - Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow
Specification(s): All insulation will be installed to the minimum unsettled depth and the maximum coverage per bag to reach a consistent depth for desired R-value indicated on the manufacturer's coverage chart.

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Objective(s): Reduce heating and air conditioning costs Improve comfort Minimize noise

4.1005.2d - Onsite documentation

Before
Accessible attic floor should be air sealed and insulated
Tools: 1. Insulation machine

After
Check chart on package to ensure proper insulation depth to achieve R-value
Materials: 1. Loose fill insulation

Use depth markers to ensure insulation has reached prescribed R-value

Where flooring cannot be removed, verify insulation is meeting R-value goal

4.1005.2d - Onsite documentation

Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow

Specification(s):

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4.1005.2d - Onsite documentation

A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:
Insulation type Coverage area R-value Installed thickness and settled thickness Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specification
Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications
Confirm amount of insulation installed
Ensure ability to match bags required for total area completed
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

Best Practice
Information on insulation installed should be posted nearby

Best Practice
Posted info includes insulation type, r-value, depth, coverage area, etc.

Paraphrased from 16 CFR 460.17: If you are an installer, you must give your customers a contract or receipt for the insulation you install. For loose-fill, the receipt must show the coverage area, initial installed thickness, minimum settled thickness, R-value, and the number of bags used. To figure out the R-value of the insulation, use the data that the manufacturer gives you. The receipt must be dated and signed by the installer.

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4.1005.3 - Accessible Floors--Batt Insulation Over Existing Insulation
Desired Outcome: Insulation controls heat transfer through ceiling
4.1005.3e - Onsite documentation
Desired Outcome: Insulation controls heat transfer through ceiling Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:
Coverage area Thickness R-value
Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Ensure ability to match bags required for total area completed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

Best Practice
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed

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4.1005.3e - Onsite documentation

Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support

Documentation should include insulation material and r-value

Provide an attic insulation card detailing thickness, type, and R-value of the newly added insulation

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4.1005.4 - Accessible Floors--Loose Fill Over Existing Insulation
Desired Outcome: Insulation controls heat transfer through ceiling
4.1005.4d - Onsite documentation
Desired Outcome: Insulation controls heat transfer through ceiling Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: Insulation type Coverage area R-value Installed thickness and minimum settled thickness Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Ensure ability to match bags required for total area completed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

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4.1005.4d - Onsite documentation

Best Practice
Written documentation of insulation type and efficiency will be provided

Best Practice
Information should include depth of loose fill installed and once settled

Paraphrased from 16 CFR 460.17: If you are an installer, you must give your customers a contract or receipt for the insulation you install. For loose-fill, the receipt must show the coverage area, initial installed thickness, minimum settled thickness, R-value, and the number of bags used. To figure out the R-value of the insulation, use the data that the manufacturer gives you. The receipt must be dated and signed by the installer.

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4.1005.5 - Enclosed Bonus Room Floor Over Unconditioned Space--Dense Pack Installation
Desired Outcome: A consistent thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow
4.1005.5a - Air barrier
Desired Outcome: A consistent thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow Specification(s): Existence of air barrier material in line with the knee walls will be installed or verified when dense packing Air barrier material will not bend, sag, or move once dense packed Objective(s): Hold dense pack in place

Before
This finished garage below a bonus room is an unconditioned space

After
Rigid material forms an air barrier located under the bonus room stem wall

Tools:
1. Drywall saw 2. Utility knife 3. Tape measure 4. Straight edge

Materials: 1. XPS or other rigid material

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4.1005.5b - Fill floors

Snap chalk lines to keep access cuts Cut through garage ceiling to access The rigid block should be placed in line

clean and easy to repair

joist cavities below bonus room

with the stem wall above

Measure joist cavity depth

Measure joist cavity width

Cut XPS, or other rigid material, to measured size of joist cavity

Rigid block should fit snugly into joist Rigid block will hold the insulation in

cavity to prevent insulation leaks

place under the bonus room above

4.1005.5b - Fill floors

Desired Outcome: A consistent thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow
Specification(s): Each cavity will be 100% filled to consistent density:

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4.1005.5b - Fill floors

Cellulose material will be installed to a minimum density of 3.5 pounds per cubic foot or to a maximum density structurally allowable
Loose fiberglass material will be installed and will be specifically approved for air flow resistance to a minimum density per the manufacturer's recommendations
The number of bags installed will be confirmed and will match the number required on the coverage chart
Insulation will be verified to prevent visible air movement at 50 pascals of pressure difference using chemical smoke or other approved verification method by the authority having jurisdiction
Objective(s): Eliminate voids and settling
Minimize framing cavity air flows

Before
With rigid block in place under bonus room stem wall, insulation can begin
Tools: 1. Insulation machine 2. Drill 3. Smoke pencil 4. Blower door 5. Small hole saw bit

After
Chemical smoke at 50pa indicates insulation is at appropriate density
Materials:
1. Cellulose insulation 2. Dense packable insulation 3. Spackle 4. Seam tape

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4.1005.5c - Safety

Blow insulation into cavities to density Close cavities with access panel cut Cut small test holes in cavities to verify

appropriate for chosen material

out at the beginning

specified density has been met

Set up blower door and depressurize With blower door running, chemical Tape and spackle access panel and

bonus room to -50pa wrt outside

smoke should not draw into test holes test holes to repair garage ceiling

4.1005.5c - Safety
Desired Outcome: A consistent thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow
Specification(s): Insulation will not be allowed on top of non-IC rated can light boxes or between a heat-generating appliance and a dam, unless material is rated for contact with heat generating sources
Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard

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4.1005.5d - Onsite documentation

Before
Dams around flues, chimneys, and light fixtures should hold back insulation

After
Clear dams of any insulation or debris in order to minimize risk of fire

No insulation on top of non-insulation contatct (non-IC) rated fixtures

4.1005.5d - Onsite documentation
Desired Outcome: A consistent thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:
Coverage area
Thickness
R-value Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications
Confirm amount of insulation installed

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Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

4.1005.5d - Onsite documentation

After
Documentation of insulation installed should be provided in writing
Paraphrased from 16 CFR 460.17: If you are an installer, you must give your customers a contract or receipt for the insulation you install. For all insulation except loose-fill and aluminum foil, the receipt must show the coverage area, thickness, and R-value of the insulation you installed. The receipt must be dated and signed by the installer. To figure out the R-value of the insulation, use the data that the manufacturer gives you.

In addition to posting an insulation information card in the Information should include insulation type, r-value,

insulated space, a "receipt" may be provided

coverage area, etc.

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4.1005.6 - Enclosed Attic Storage Platform Floor--Dense Pack Installation
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through floor and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments
4.1005.6a - Fill floors
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through floor and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments
Specification(s): Each cavity will be 100% filled to consistent density:
Cellulose material will be installed to a minimum density of 3.5 pounds per cubic foot or to a maximum density structurally allowable
Loose fiberglass material will be installed and will be specifically approved for air flow resistance to a minimum density per the manufacturer's recommendations
The number of bags installed will be confirmed and will match the number required on the coverage chart
Insulation will be verified to prevent visible air movement at 50 pascals of pressure difference using chemical smoke or other approved verification method by the authority having jurisdiction
Objective(s): Eliminate voids and settling
Minimize framing cavity air flows
4.1005.6b - Safety
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through floor and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments
Specification(s): Insulation will not be allowed on top of non-IC rated can light boxes or between a heat generating appliance and a dam, unless material is rated for contact with heat generating sources

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4.1005.6c - Onsite documentation

Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard

4.1005.6c - Onsite documentation
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through floor and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:
Coverage area
Thickness
R-value Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications
Confirm amount of insulation installed
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

4.1005.6d - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through floor and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments
Specification(s): Documentation of material and R-value will be provided to occupants
Objective(s): Provide occupant with documentation of installation

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Insulation > Attics > Attic Openings
4.1006.1 - Pull-Down Stairs
Desired Outcome: Pull-down attic stair properly sealed and insulated
4.1006.1a - Installation
Desired Outcome: Pull-down attic stair properly sealed and insulated Specification(s): Top-side of the attic enclosure will be insulated to the maximum R-value structurally allowable up to the R-value of the adjoining insulated assembly Pull-down stair rough opening will be surrounded with a durable, rigid dam that is higher than the level of the attic floor insulation Counter-weights should be considered to ease accessibility for excessively heavy hatches Objective(s): Achieve uniform R-value Prevent loose insulation from entering the living area

Before
Insulation needs to be dammed to keep from falling through during operation

After
Insulated pull-down stairs cover installed to prevent air leakage

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Insulation > Attics > Attic Openings
Tools: 1. Tape measure 2. Drill 3. Saw 4. Caulk gun

4.1006.1b - Sealing
Materials: 1. Caulk sealant 2. Lumber 3. XPS 4. Pre-fabricated stairwell cover

Stairs and hatch should both be insulated to match r-value of attic
4.1006.1b - Sealing
Desired Outcome: Pull-down attic stair properly sealed and insulated
Specification(s): Entire pull-down stair assembly will be covered with an airtight and removable/openable enclosure inside the attic space
Pull-down stair frame will be caulked, gasketed, weatherstripped, or otherwise sealed with an air barrier material, suitable film, frictionally engaging components or solid material that allows attic door operation
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage

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4.1006.1b - Sealing

Before
Unsealed pull-down stairs leads to air leakage to and from the attic
Tools: 1. Caulk gun

After
To preserve thermal envelope, an airtight seal needs to be created
Materials:
1. Weatherstripping 2. Spray foam 3. Caulk

Seal around frame of pull-down stairs Weatherstrip around stair panel to

with appropriate sealant

encourage a tight seal

Remember to seal finish details and trim

Insulation and sealing should be airtight but openable

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Insulation > Attics > Attic Openings
4.1006.2 - Access Doors and Hatches
Desired Outcome: Attic access door properly sealed and insulated
4.1006.2a - Installation
Desired Outcome: Attic access door properly sealed and insulated Specification(s): Hatches will be insulated to the maximum R-value structurally allowable up to the R-value of the adjoining insulated assembly Attic hatches rough opening will be surrounded with a durable,rigid protective baffle that is higher than the level of the surrounding attic floor insulation Objective(s): Achieve uniform R-value on the attic door or hatch Achieve uniform R-value on the attic floor Prevent loose attic floor insulation from entering the living area

Before
Uninsulated attic hatches and access panels weaken the thermal envelope

After
Hatch cover or panel access door should match r-value of attic insulation

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Insulation > Attics > Attic Openings
Materials: 1. XPS 2. Lumber 3. Weatherstripping 4. Fasteners

4.1006.2b - Sealing

1
Create hatch cover that matches rvalue of surrounding insulation

2

3

Build dam to hold back attic insulation Weatherstrip underside of hatch cover

and hold cover in place tightly

to create tight seal

4
Alternate installation for vertical access panel to attic

4.1006.2b - Sealing
Desired Outcome: Attic access door properly sealed and insulated
Specification(s): Access hatch frames will be sealed using caulk, gasket, weather-strip, or otherwise sealed with an air barrier material, suitable film, or solid material
Options will include installing a latch or lock or frictionally engaged components that do not require a latch

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Insulation > Attics > Attic Openings
The measure must include a protective baffle or insulation barrier Objective(s): Prevent air leakage

4.1006.2c - Attachment

Before
Unsealed attic hatches and panel doors allow air leakage to and from attic

After
Once sealed, air leakage at attic hatch or door should be minimized

Materials:
1. Weatherstripping 2. 3/4" Lumber 3. Caulk

Remember to seal around finish details and framing on interior

Build insulation dam from 3/4 inch lumber and seal around base

Weatherstrip around bottom edge of hatch cover to create air tight seal

4.1006.2c - Attachment

Desired Outcome: Attic access door properly sealed and insulated
Specification(s): Insulation will be permanently attached and in complete contact with the air barrier

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Insulation > Attics > Attic Openings
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value

4.1006.2c - Attachment

Before
Unsealed and uninsulated attic hatches and access doors allow leakage

After
Rigid insulation on back of new hatch cover attached firmly and squarely to allow for airtight fit

Tools:
1. Caulk gun 2. Utility knife

Materials:
1. XPS 2. Adhesive

1

2

Apply foam tape to "warm side" face of Ensure an air tight seal by making

attic hatch

sure foam tape has no gaps

3
Apply strong adhesive to "cold-side" of hatch

4

5

6

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Insulation > Attics > Attic Openings

4.1006.2c - Attachment

Adhesive should ring perimeter as well Affix XPS insulation to "cold-side" of

as criss-crossing hatch to ensure

hatch with adhesive, ensuring XPS is

complete attachment of insulation

tight and square to hatch

Repeat adhesive and XPS layers to reach maximum R-value without making hatch excessively heavy or awkward

7
All XPS layers should be attached firmly to one another and square to hatch

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4.1006.3 - Whole-House Fan
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assemb
Note:
4.1006.3a - Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assemb
Specification(s): Sides of fan insulation box assembly will be insulated to the same R-value as adjoining insulated assembly
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value

4.1006.3b - Air sealing
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assemb
Specification(s): Fan insulation box frame will be continuously weatherstripped to ensure a tight fit
Fan insulation box will be constructed at a depth to protect the fan housing and motor from insulation
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage

4.1006.3c - Attachment
Desired Outcome:
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4.1006.3d - Durability

Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assemb
Specification(s): Non-compressible insulation will be permanently attached in contact with fan insulation box
Appropriate adhesive or mechanical fastener will be used
Objective(s): Ensure continuous alignment with air barrier

4.1006.3d - Durability
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assemb
Specification(s): Material integrity will meet a minimum expected service life of 20 years
Objective(s): Ensure a minimum expected service life

4.1006.3e - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assemb
Specification(s): Purpose of insulation will be communicated to occupant
Objective(s): Educate occupant on how to use the whole-house fan to ensure integrity of the fan insulated assembly throughout service life

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Insulation > Attics > Special Considerations

4.1088.1 - Attic Ventilation
Desired Outcome: Properly restored vents minimize moisture and ice dams
4.1088.1a - Air barrier and thermal boundary
Desired Outcome: Properly restored vents minimize moisture and ice dams
Specification(s): Attic ventilation will be recommended or installed if local code requires attic ventilation during weatherization or retrofits
The presence of an effective air barrier and thermal boundary between the attic and the living space must be verified and appropriate attic sealing and proper insulation is specified as part of the scope of work
Objective(s): Ensure presence of continuous air barrier and thermal boundary

4.1088.1b - Vent type
Desired Outcome: Properly restored vents minimize moisture and ice dams
Specification(s): Attic vent types will be made of corrosion-resistant material for their specific location (e.g., exterior soffit, gable end, roof ) and material and intended use (e.g., metal vent on metal roof )
Attic-powered ventilators will not be used
Objective(s): Ensure vent meets proper performance characteristics for location and roofing type

4.1088.1c - Vent location
Desired Outcome:
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4.1088.1d - Ventilation baffling

Properly restored vents minimize moisture and ice dams
Specification(s): Placement of attic vents will be considered for proper air flow and prevention of entry of wind driven rain or snow
Objective(s): Encourage proper air flow
Minimize entry of wind driven rain or snow

4.1088.1d - Ventilation baffling
Desired Outcome: Properly restored vents minimize moisture and ice dams
Specification(s): Baffling for attic soffit vents will be installed to:
Ensure proper air flow Prevent wind washing of insulation Allow maximum insulation coverage Ensure baffle terminates above insulation
Objective(s): Ensure vent allows proper air flow without compromising insulation performance

4.1088.1e - Ventilation screens

Desired Outcome: Properly restored vents minimize moisture and ice dams
Specification(s): All attic ventilation will have screens with non-corroding wire mesh with openings of 1/16" to 1/4" to prevent pest entry (e.g., birds, bats, bees)
Existing vents that are not screened will be covered with non-corroding wire mesh with openings of 1/16" to 1/4"
Ensure net free area requirements are met

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Insulation > Attics > Special Considerations

4.1088.1e - Ventilation screens

Additional vents or larger vents can be added if screen size is smaller than designated
Objective(s): Prevent pest entry

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Insulation > Attics > Special Considerations
4.1088.3 - Skylights
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value
4.1088.3b - Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications and will be in full contact with all sides of existing cavity without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value

Before
Uninsulated, unsealed skylight well

After
Insulated, air sealed skylight well

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Insulation > Attics > Special Considerations

4.1088.3c - Occupant education

Tools:
1. stapler 2. tape measure 3. utility knife 4. caulking gun 5. foam gun

Materials:
1. caulk 2. one-part foam sealant 3. insulation (fiberglass, cellulose, spray polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate board, extruded polystyrene board, or other as needed to achieve specified Rvalue) 4. air barrier material (drywall, foam board, paneling, hardboard, etc.)

Air-permeable insulation such as fiberglass or cellulose should be covered with a sealed attic-side air barrier.

1
Skylight well

2
Carefully seal all seams and joints

3
Install insulation in complete contact with all sides of the cavity.

4
Install an attic-side air barrier.

5
The air barrier may be constructed from rigid insulation board. Seal the attic side air barrier

4.1088.3c - Occupant education
Desired Outcome:

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Insulation > Attics > Special Considerations

4.1088.3c - Occupant education

Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:
Insulation type
Coverage area
R-value
Installed thickness and settled thickness (settled thickness required for loose-fill only)
Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications (for loose-fill only) Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications
Confirm amount of insulation installed
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

Best Practice
Attach an insulation information card in a prominent location near the attic access

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Insulation > Attics > Special Considerations

4.1088.3c - Occupant education

Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support

Documentation should include insulation material and r-value

Attach an insulation information card in a prominent location near the attic access

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Insulation > Walls > Preparation

4.1101.1 - Exterior Wall Dense Packing
Desired Outcome: Walls properly prepared to receive dense pack insulation

4.1101.1a - Preparation

Desired Outcome: Walls properly prepared to receive dense pack insulation
Specification(s): Lead and asbestos safety procedures will be followed
Cavities will be free of hazards, intact, and able to support dense pack pressures
Drilling hazards (e.g., wiring, venting, fuel piping) will be located
Blocking will be installed around:
All openings to inside crawl space and basement for fibrous material High temperature fire-rated materials Wiring and electrical hazards Heat sources
Access to exterior wall cavities will be gained, sheathing will be drilled as needed and probed to locate each cavity, wall studs, and blockers
Interior will be masked and dust controlled during drilling when accessing from interior
Electricity supply will be confirmed and will support blowing machine power demand
Blowing machine pressure test will be performed with air on full, feed off, agitator running, and gate closed
Hose outlet pressure will be at least 80 IWC or 2.9 psi for cellulose insulation; for other types of dense pack insulation, check manufacturer specification for blowing machine set up
Objective(s): Prevent damage to house
Provide a clean work space

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4.1101.1b - Exterior dense pack

Provide thorough access to allow 100% coverage Ensure proper equipment and process results in consistent density Prevent settling and retard air flow through cavities Protect worker and occupant health

4.1101.1b - Exterior dense pack
Desired Outcome: Walls properly prepared to receive dense pack insulation
Specification(s): Using fill tube, 100% of each cavity will be filled to a consistent density:
Cellulose material will be installed to a minimum density of 3.5 pounds per cubic foot Loose fiber glass material will be installed and will be specifically approved for air flow
resistance per manufacturer's specifications
The number of bags installed will be confirmed and will match the number required on the coverage chart
Insulation density will be verified by bag count, core sampling, or infrared camera with the blower door at 50 pascals to prevent visible air movement using chemical smoke at 50 pascals of pressure difference
Objective(s): Eliminate voids and settling
Minimize framing cavity air flows

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Insulation > Walls > Preparation
4.1101.2 - Exterior Wall Insulating Sheathing
Desired Outcome: Wall cladding removed and replaced to expose wall sheathing for installation of insulating wall sheathing
4.1101.2a - Wall cladding removal
Desired Outcome: Wall cladding removed and replaced to expose wall sheathing for installation of insulating wall sheathing
Specification(s): Existing cladding will be removed Lead and asbestos safety procedures will be followed
Objective(s): Expose existing wall sheathing to prepare for installation of insulating sheathing
4.1101.2b - Wall cladding replacement
Desired Outcome: Wall cladding removed and replaced to expose wall sheathing for installation of insulating wall sheathing
Specification(s): New cladding will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications and local codes after exterior wall insulation is installed
Objective(s): Install wall cladding correctly Meet local codes

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Insulation > Walls > Accessible Walls
4.1102.1 - Open-Cavity Wall Insulation--General
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value
4.1102.1a - Sealing
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value Specification(s): Holes and penetrations will be sealed Bypasses will be blocked and sealed Objective(s): Prevent air leakage

Before
Penetrations and bypasses create places where blown in insulation can leak
Tools: 1. Caulk gun

After
Sealed penetrations offer leakage protection and keep insulation in place
Materials: 1. Backer rod 2. Spray foam 3. Caulk

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Insulation > Walls > Accessible Walls

4.1102.1b - Installation

Open walls to be insulated and drywalled need air sealing

Penetrations and bypasses should be Use backer rod or other infill for larger sealed to keep insulation in cavities penetrations

Seal penetration with caulk or fireblock, as appropriate
4.1102.1b - Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value

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4.1102.1c - Pre-drywall verification

Before
Open walls should be insulated
Tools: 1. Insulation machine 2. Staple gun

After
Well-insulated rooms are significantly more comfortable in all seasons
Materials:
1. Loose fillable insulation 2. Netting 3. Staples 4. Fiberglass batts

Wall should be netted and insulation blow in to prescribed OR: Wall can be insulated using batts installed without

r-value

gaps

4.1102.1c - Pre-drywall verification
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value
Specification(s): Verification of complete installation without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions will be provided

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Objective(s): Install insulation correctly

4.1102.1d - Onsite documentation

Before
Verify insulation is properly installed before drywalling
Tools: 1. Hands 2. Eyes

After
Once proper installation is verified, begin drywalling to finish wall

Take a visual and physical inspection of insulation installation

4.1102.1d - Onsite documentation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:

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4.1102.1d - Onsite documentation

Insulation type Coverage area R-value Installed thickness and settled thickness (settled thickness required for loose-fill only) Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications (for loose-fill only)
Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

Best Practice
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed

Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support

Documentation should include insulation material and r-value

Provide occupant with copies of all documentation

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Insulation > Walls > Enclosed Walls

4.1103.1 - Dense Pack Exterior Walls
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly

4.1103.1a - Exterior dense pack
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Using fill tube or an alternative method as approved by the authority having jurisdiction, 100% of each cavity will be filled to a consistent density:
Cellulose insulation used in an enclosed cavity will be installed at 3.5 pounds per cubic foot or greater density
Blown fiberglass, mineral fiber, or rock and slag wool used in an enclosed cavity will be installed at or above the manufacturer recommended density to limit air flow that corresponds to an air permeance value of 3.5 cfm /sq. ft. at 50 pascals, as measured using ASTM C 522, E 283, or E 2178; the number of bags installed will be confirmed and will match the number required on the coverage chart
All holes and penetrations will be plugged and/or sealed
Insulation will be verified to prevent visible air movement using chemical smoke at 50 pascals of pressure difference
Objective(s): Eliminate voids and settling
Minimize framing cavity air flows

4.1103.1b - Onsite documentation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly

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Insulation > Walls > Enclosed Walls

4.1103.1b - Onsite documentation

Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:
Coverage area Thickness R-value
Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications
Confirm amount of insulation installed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

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4.1103.2 - Additional Exterior Wall Cavities
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulation reduces heat flow through walls and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments
4.1103.2a - Location of cavities
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulation reduces heat flow through walls and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments
Specification(s): Details remaining in or between completed wall sections will be located and accessed
Objective(s): Ensure the last gaps and framing edges in the thermal boundary, roof-wall joints, floor-wall joints, etc., are found and finished

Before

In Progress

Cavities missing insulation allow greater heat Either from inside or outside, using IR

transfer than insulated ones

camera to locate cavities for fill

Tools:
1. Infrared camera 2. Drill 3. Hole saw 4. Tape measure 5. Probe

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4.1103.2d - Quality assurance

4.1103.2b - Sealing
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulation reduces heat flow through walls and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments
Specification(s): Backing will be provided and all newly uncovered openings will be sealed with air barriers, foam, or mastic, maintaining all required clearances
Objective(s): Ensure the air barrier is connected across all accessible house elements

Before
Unsealed penetrations should be sealed to ensure insulation stays in place
Tools: 1. Caulk gun

After
Once air barrier has been preserved by sealing, insulation can begin
Materials:
1. Caulk 2. Backer rod 3. Fire-block, when necessary

4.1103.2d - Quality assurance
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulation reduces heat flow through walls and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments
Specification(s): Completed wall sections will be viewed using infrared camera with blower door operating
Any voids or low density areas will be drilled and re-packed

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Objective(s): Establish air barrier and thermal boundary Confirm no voids or hidden air flows remain

4.1103.2e - Close holes

Before
Unisulated exterior wall cavities to be insulated
Tools: 1. Infrared camera

After
Reduced temperature difference indicating insulated wall cavities

Depressurize house (if safe) to -50pa Inspect for voids and low density

wrt outside

areas

Reduced temperature difference indicating insulated wall cavities

4.1103.2e - Close holes
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulation reduces heat flow through walls and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments
Specification(s):

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4.1103.2e - Close holes

Installation holes will be plugged as follows:
Exterior holes will be weather barrier patched Interior holes will be coated and patched to match original interior surface
All construction debris and dust will be collected and removed
Objective(s): Ensure house is returned to watertight and clean condition

In Progress
With insulation complete, wall needs to be patched to better-than-found
Tools: 1. Taping knife 2. Caulk gun 3. Drill 4. Paint brush

After
When repair is finished, it shouldn't be obvious any work was done
Materials:
1. Spackle 2. House wrap 3. Lath 4. Stucco 5. Fasteners 6. Adhesive 7. Primer 8. Drywall 9. XPS

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Insulation > Walls > Enclosed Walls

4.1103.2e - Close holes

For interior access, locate access holes at studs for easier patching

Once drywall patches are spackled, For exterior access, use a drop cloth

prime and paint.

or gutter to help with clean up

Plug holes with rigid material that will For stucco and plaster patches, lath If possible, maintain house wrap, or

not move or sag over time

will need to be used to hold weight replace it after holes are plugged

Put siding back in place, or return exterior finish to match remaining wall

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4.1103.3 - Insulated Sheathing and Insulated Siding Installation
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulated wall sheathing and insulated siding
4.1103.3a - Sealing
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulated wall sheathing and insulated siding
Specification(s): Holes, gaps, and penetrations in existing sheathing will be sealed
Objective(s): Prevent air leaks

4.1103.3b - Location of wall framing
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulated wall sheathing and insulated siding
Specification(s): Wall studs and other framing will be located and marked
Objective(s): Provide secure attachment of insulating sheathing

4.1103.3c - Installation
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulated wall sheathing and insulated siding
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value

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4.1103.3d - Occupant education

Objective(s): Install insulation properly

4.1103.3d - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulated wall sheathing and insulated siding
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:
Coverage area
Thickness
R-value Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications
Confirm amount of insulation installed
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

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Insulation > Floors > Accessible Floors
4.1301.1 - Standard Floor System--Batt Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
4.1301.1a - Sealing
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly Specification(s): Sealing the floor system will be completed before insulating Objective(s): Ensure airtight envelope Prevent leakage

Before
Gaps around penetrations can cause air leakage and negate insulation

After
Sealed penetrations maintain the air barrier

Tools: 1. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Caulk 2. Backer rod 3. Spray foam

Be alert to high-temperature flues and chimneys and use appropriate sealants and materials. See 3.1402.1c.

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4.1301.1b - Installation

Locate gaps around penetrations for plumbing, electrical, etc.

Fill gaps greater than 1/4 inch with backer rod or spray foam

Caulk smaller gaps and to hold backer rod in place

4.1301.1b - Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed in contact with subfloor without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions
If kraft-faced batts are used, they will be installed with kraft facing to subfloor
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value

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4.1301.1c - Securing batts

Before
Uninsulated floors above unconditioned spaces are an energy drain
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Tape measure

After
Batts should fill most of joist bay and be in full contact with subfloor
Materials: 1. Kraft-faced fiberglass batts to work order specifications

Order and install insulation as called for in Work Order

If precise r-value cannot be purchased, choose option with greater r-value

Install kraft-faced batts with paper against subfloor

Ensure batts are in full contact with subfloor and remain uncompressed
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4.1301.1d - Occupant education

4.1301.1c - Securing batts
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Batts will be secured with physical fasteners
Objective(s): Ensure insulation remains in contact with subfloor

Before
Fiberglass batts should not be hanging away from subfloor

After
"Lightning rods" or twine can be used to hold batts in contact

Tools:
1. Utility knife 2. Drill 3. Staple gun

Materials:
1. Lightning rods 2. Twine 3. Fasteners

Batt should be in contact with subfloor without being compressed

Twine fastened across bays in a zig-zag pattern can also be used

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4.1301.1d - Occupant education

4.1301.1d - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:
Coverage area
Thickness
R-value Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications
Confirm amount of insulation installed
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

Best Practice
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed

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4.1301.1d - Occupant education

Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support

Documentation should include insulation material and r-value

Provide occupant with copies of all documentation

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4.1301.2 - Standard Floor System--Loose Fill with Netting
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
4.1301.2a - Sealing
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly Specification(s): Sealing the floor system will be completed before insulating Objective(s): Ensure airtight envelope Prevent leakage

Before
Gaps around penetrations can cause air leakage and negate insulation

After
Sealed penetrations maintain the air barrier

Tools: 1. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Caulk 2. Backer rod 3. Spray foam

Be alert to high-temperature flues and chimneys and use appropriate sealants and materials. See 3.1402.1c.

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4.1301.2b - Netting, fabric

Locate gaps around penetrations for plumbing, electrical, etc.

Fill gaps greater than 1/4 inch with backer rod or spray foam

Caulk smaller gaps and to hold backer rod in place

4.1301.2b - Netting, fabric
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): When using netting or fabric, staples will be placed according to manufacturer specifications
Netting or fabric will meet local fire codes
Objective(s): Secure insulation

Before
Uninsulated floors above unconditioned spaces are an energy drain

In Progress
Netting is secured to joists and sills to create cavities for insulation

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Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Scissors 3. Stapler

Materials:
1. Fabric netting 2. Staples

4.1301.2c - Installation

1
Secure netting across each joist to create separate cavities

2

3

Secure netting across sills to prevent Keep netting taut while stapling to

leakage of insulation

prevent wrinkles and leakage

4
Staples should be kept tightly together, placed no more than 1 1/2" apart

4.1301.2c - Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Insulation in netted or fabric cavities will be dense packed with loose fill insulation in accordance with manufacturer specifications
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value

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4.1301.2c - Installation

Insulation will be in continuous contact with air barrier
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value
Ensure a continuous thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space

In Progress
With netting in place, insulation can begin
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Insulation machine

After
Cavities filled to manufacturer specs to achieve prescribed r-value
Materials: 1. Loose fill fiberglass or cellulose

1
Order and install insulation based on specifications in work order

2
Always wear proper PPE when blowing in insulation

3
Cut holes in each individual cavity to insert insulation machine nozzle

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4.1301.2d - Occupant education

4
Ensure that hole is large enough for nozzle without allowing for outflow

5
Consult manufacturer specs on insulation packaging for proper installation

6
Blow in insulation to prescribed r-value

4.1301.2d - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:
Insulation type
Coverage area
R-value
Installed thickness and minimum settled thickness
Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications
Confirm amount of insulation installed
Ensure ability to match bags required for total area completed
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

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4.1301.2d - Occupant education

Best Practice
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed

Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support

Documentation should include insulation material and r-value

Provide occupant with copies of all documentation

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4.1301.3 - Standard Floor System--Loose Fill with Rigid Barrier
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
4.1301.3a - Sealing
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Sealing the floor system will be completed before insulating
Objective(s): Ensure airtight envelope Prevent leakage

Before
Gaps around penetrations cause air leakage and negate insulation

After
Sealed penetrations maintain the air barrier

Tools: 1. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Backer rod 2. Caulk 3. Spray foam

Be alert to high-temperature flues and chimneys and use appropriate sealants and materials. See 3.1402.1c.

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4.1301.3b - Rigid air barrier

Locate gaps around penetrations for plumbing, electrical, etc.

Fill gaps greater than 1/4 inch with backer rod or spray foam

Caulk smaller gaps and to hold backer rod in place

4.1301.3b - Rigid air barrier
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): A rigid air barrier will be mechanically fastened to underside of floor assembly, providing 100% coverage of the floor assembly
Seams and penetrations will be sealed
Objective(s): Relocate air barrier

Before
Uninsulated floors over unconditioned spaces are an energy drain

After
Rigid barriers provide air sealing and create cavities for insulation

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Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Drill 4. Caulk gun

4.1301.3c - Installation
Materials: 1. Rigid material - drywall, XPS, plywood 2. Fasteners 3. Caulk

Attach barrier to joists using appropriate fasteners for chosen material

When possible, align seams with joist. Pay particular attention to sealing at

Seal all seams with caulk

complex joints to prevent leakage

Remember to seal along sills as well

4.1301.3c - Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Loose fill insulation will be installed between air barrier and subfloor according to manufacturer specifications
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value

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Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value

4.1301.3c - Installation

Before
Once rigid barrier is sealed, insulation can be blown in
Tools: 1. Insulation machine 2. Caulk gun

After
Materials: 1. Loose fill insulation 2. Caulk

Make sure to wear proper PPE when Purchase and install loose fill to r-

working with insulation

value specified on Work Order

Check manufacturer specifications for proper density to reach r-value

Drill hole slightly larger than hose in Loose fill cavities created by rigid

Once filled to prescribed density,

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rigid barrier

barrier

4.1301.3d - Occupant education prepare plug to preserve rigid barrier

Plug should be sealed in place to prevent leakage
4.1301.3d - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:
Insulation type
Coverage area
R-value
Installed thickness and minimum settled thickness
Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications
Confirm amount of insulation installed
Ensure ability to match bags required for total area completed
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

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4.1301.3d - Occupant education

Best Practice
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed

Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support

Documentation should include insulation material and r-value

Provide occupant with copies of all documentation

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4.1301.4 - Dense Pack Floor System with Rigid Barrier
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
4.1301.4a - Sealing
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly Specification(s): Sealing the floor system will be completed before insulating Objective(s): Ensure airtight envelope Prevent leakage

Before
Gaps around penetrations can cause air leakage and negate insulation

After
Sealed penetrations maintain the air barrier

Tools: 1. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Caulk 2. Backer rod 3. Spray foam

Be alert to high-temperature flues and chimneys and use appropriate sealands and materials. See 3.1402.1c.

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4.1301.4b - Rigid air barrier

Locate gaps around penetrations for plumbing, electrical, etc.

Fill gaps greater than 1/4 inch with backer rod or spray foam

Caulk small gaps and to hold backer rod in place

4.1301.4b - Rigid air barrier
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): A rigid air barrier will be mechanically fastened to underside of floor assembly, providing 100% coverage of the floor assembly
Seams and penetrations will be sealed
Objective(s): Relocate air barrier

Before
Uninsulated floors over unconditioned spaces are an energy drain

After
Rigid barriers allow for air sealing and create cavities for insulation

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Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Drill 4. Tape measure 5. Caulk gun

4.1301.4c - Installation
Materials: 1. Rigid material -- drywall, XPS, plywood 2. Fasteners 3. Caulk

Securely fasten rigid barrier, aligning Seal all seams with caulk to prevent Pay particular attention at complex

seams with joist when possible

leakage

joints

Remember to caulk along sills

4.1301.4c - Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Dense pack insulation will be installed between air barrier and subfloor according to manufacturer specifications
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value

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Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value

4.1301.4c - Installation

Before

After

Once rigid barrier is sealed, insulation can be Rigid barrier should be resealed to maintain

blown in

air barrier after filling

Tools:
1. Insulation machine 2. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Dense packable insulation 2. Caulk

Ensure that proper PPE is worn while Fill cavities to specified r-value from Check manufacturer specifications for

working with insulation

Work Order

r-value before filling

Drill hole slightly larger than nozzle

Dense pack insulation into floor

When filled to specified density and r-

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into rigid barrier with hole saw

cavities

4.1301.4d - Occupant education value, fill access hole

Plug access hole and seal to maintain air barrier
4.1301.4d - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:
Coverage area
Thickness
R-value Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications
Confirm amount of insulation installed
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

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4.1301.4d - Occupant education

Best Practice
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed

Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support

Documentation should include insulation material and r-value

Provide occupant with copies of all documentation

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4.1301.5 - Cantilevered Floor--Batt Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
4.1301.5a - Air barrier
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly Specification(s): Air barrier will be installed between joists and sealed Air barrier will be placed to the most interior edge of the top plate of the wall below Objective(s): Separate cantilevered floor from conditioned floor space Allow for insulation

Before
Cavities are open allowing unconditioned air to communicate within the space between floors.

After
Cavity as been blocked, sealed, and insulated.

Tools:
1. tape measure 2. utility knife 3. flashlight

Materials:
1. rigid air barrier 2. sealant

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4.1301.5b - Installation

Refer to 2012 IECC with Georgia State Supplements and Amendments. Local codes may be more stringent than the statewide code.

1
Measure cavity to determine size necessary for blocking.

2

3

Measure and cut blocking to fit snugly Ensure the blocking is placed to the

between floor joists.

most interior edge of the top plate of

the wall below.

4

5

Air seal blocking around its perimeter Cut batt insulation to match the size

edges with foam or caulk.

of the blocking.

4.1301.5b - Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Air barrier will be insulated between joist from top plate of the wall below to subfloor above
Cantilevered subfloor will be insulated in complete contact with the floor without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions
If kraft-faced batts are used, they will be installed with kraft facing to the air barrier

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Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value

4.1301.5c - Attachment

Before

After

Cavities are open and subfloor of conditioned Batt insulation is installed to either fill the

space above is uninsulated.

cavity or be properly supported to maintain

contact with the subfloor.

Tools:
1. drill 2. nail gun 3. claw hammer

Materials:
1. batt insulation - kraft-faced or unfaced 2. insulation supports

Refer to 2012 IECC with Georgia State Supplements and Amendments. Local codes may be more stringent than the statewide code.

Block and air seal all joist cavities in cantilevered floors above and in line with the supporting wall.

4.1301.5c - Attachment
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Batts will be secured with physical fasteners
Objective(s): Ensure insulation remains in contact with subfloor and air barrier

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4.1301.5c - Attachment

Before
Sagging, unsupported floor insulation is not in contact with the subfloor

After
Fiberglass floor insulation properly installed with wire supports

Tools:
1. Wire cutters 2. Stapler 3. Cordless driver/drill 4. Utility knife

Materials:
1. Wire insulation supports 2. (optional) 1 X 2 furring strips or insulation support netting 3. Staples

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b47hH7HByts

4.1301.5c - Attachment
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Batts will be secured with physical fasteners
Objective(s): Ensure insulation remains in contact with subfloor and air barrier

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4.1301.5d - Exterior soffit

Before
Insulation should be secured to prevent drooping or movement
Tools:
1. Utility knife 2. Drill 3. Staple gun

After
"Lightning rods" or twine should keep full contact with the subfloor
Materials:
1. Lightning rods 2. Twine 3. Fasteners

Batts should have full contact with subfloor without being Twine fastened across bays in a zig-zag pattern can also

compressed

be used

4.1301.5d - Exterior soffit
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Exterior soffit material will be installed and sealed
Objective(s):

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Cover and protect insulation

4.1301.5e - Occupant education

Before
Cavities have been insulated but are still exposed.
Tools: 1. hammer 2. drill 3. nail gun 4. mechanical fasteners

After
After all accessible cavities have been air sealed and insulated, replace sheathing and siding to cover insulation.
Materials:
1. OSB/Plywood(where existing) 2. Vinyl Soffit(where existing)

1

2

Seal off floor cavities using previously removed materials, Re-install any materials that were removed, such as OSB,

in this case OSB and vinyl soffit.

J-channels, and vinyl soffit.

4.1301.5e - Occupant education

Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:

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Coverage area Thickness R-value
Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

4.1301.5e - Occupant education

Best Practice
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed

Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support

Documentation should include insulation material and r-value

Provide occupant with copies of all documentation

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4.1301.6 - Pier Construction Subfloor Insulation--Batt Installation with Rigid Barrier
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
4.1301.6a - Subfloor preparation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Sealing between house and crawl space will be completed before insulating
Objective(s): Ensure airtight envelope Prevent leakage

Before
Gaps around penetrations can cause air leakage and negate insulation

After
Sealed penetrations maintain the air barrier

Tools: 1. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Caulk 2. Backer rod 3. Spray foam

Be alert to high-temperature flues and chimneys and use appropriate sealants and materials. See 3.1402.1c.

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4.1301.6b - Installation

Locate gaps around penetrations for plumbing, electrical, etc.

Fill gaps greater than 1/4 inch with backer rod or spray foam

Caulk smaller gaps and to hold backer rod in place

4.1301.6b - Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed in contact with subfloor without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions
If kraft-faced batts are used, they will be installed with kraft facing to subfloor
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value

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4.1301.6b - Installation

Before
Uninsulated floors above unconditioned spaces are an energy drain
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Drill

After
Batts should fill most of joist bay and be in full contact with subfloor
Materials:
1. Kraft-faced fiberglass batts to work order specifications 2. Rigid barrier -- drywall, plywood, XPS 3. Fasteners

Order and install insulation as called for in Work Order

If precise r-value cannot be purchased, choose option with greater r-value

Install kraft-faced batts with paper against subfloor

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Ensure batts are in full contact with subfloor and remain uncompressed

4.1301.6c - Secure batts

4.1301.6c - Secure batts
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Batts will be secured with physical fasteners
Objective(s): Ensure insulation remains in contact with subfloor

Before
Batts should not hang away from subfloor
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Drill 3. Staple gun

After
"Lightning rods" or twine should be used to maintain contact
Materials:
1. Lightning rods 2. Twine 3. Fasteners

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4.1301.6d - Rigid air barrier

Batts should be in full contact with subfloor without being Twine fastened across bays in a zig-zag pattern can also

compressed

be used

4.1301.6d - Rigid air barrier
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): A rigid air barrier will be mechanically fastened to underside of floor assembly
Seams and penetrations will be sealed
Objective(s): Protect insulation

Before
Unfaced fiberglass batts can be attractive housing for pests

After
Rigid barrier allows for air sealing and protects batt insulation

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Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Drill 4. Tape measure 5. Caulk gun

4.1301.6e - Occupant education
Materials: 1. Rigid material - drywall, XPS, plywood 2. Caulk 3. Fasteners

Fasten rigid barrier, aligning seams with joists when possible

Seal all seams with caulk to prevent Pay particular attention to complex

leakage

joints

Remember to seal along sills

4.1301.6e - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:
Coverage area

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Thickness R-value
Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

4.1301.6e - Occupant education

Best Practice
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed

Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support

Documentation should include insulation material and r-value

Provide occupant with copies of all documentation

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4.1301.7 - Pier Construction Subfloor Insulation--Loose Fill with Rigid Barrier
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
4.1301.7a - Subfloor preparation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Sealing between house and crawl space will be completed before insulating
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage

Before
Gaps around penetrations can cause air leakage and negate insulation

After
Sealed penetrations maintain the air barrier

Tools: 1. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Caulk 2. Backer rod 3. Spray foam

Be alert to high-temperature flues and chimneys and use appropriate sealants and materials. See 3.1402.1c.

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4.1301.7b - Rigid air barrier

Locate gaps around penetrations for plumbing, electrical, etc.

Fill gaps greater than 1/4 inch with backer rod or spray foam

Caulk smaller gaps and to hold backer rod in place

4.1301.7b - Rigid air barrier
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): A rigid air barrier will be mechanically fastened to underside of floor assembly, providing 100% coverage of the floor assembly
Seams and penetrations will be sealed
Objective(s): Relocate air barrier

Before
Uninsulated floors over unconditioned spaces are an energy drain

After
Rigid barriers allow for air sealing while creating cavities for insulation

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Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Drill 4. Tape measure 5. Caulk gun

4.1301.7c - Installation
Materials: 1. Rigid material - drywall, XPS, plywood 2. Fasteners 3. Caulk

Fasten rigid barrier, aligning seams with joists when possible

Seal all seams to prevent leakage

Pay particular attention to complex joints

Remember to caulk along sills

4.1301.7c - Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Loose fill insulation will be installed between air barrier and subfloor according to manufacturer specifications
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value

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Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value

4.1301.7c - Installation

Before

After

Once rigid barrier has been sealed, insulation After insulating, restore rigid barrier to

can be blown in

prevent leakage

Tools:
1. Insulation machine 2. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Loose fill insulation 2. Caulk

Always wear proper PPE when working with insulation

Purchase and install insulation to rvalue specified on Work Order

Check manufacturer specs to ensure proper installation and density

Drill hole in rigid barrier slightly larger Fill cavities formed by rigid barrier

Once cavities have been filled to

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than insulation hose

with loose fill insulation

4.1301.7d - Occupant education specified r-value, prepare plug

Seal rigid barrier to prevent leakage
4.1301.7d - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: Insulation type Coverage area R-value Installed thickness and minimum settled thickness Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Ensure ability to match bags required for total area completed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

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4.1301.7d - Occupant education

Best Practice
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed

Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support

Documentation should include insulation material and r-value

Provide occupant with copies of all documentation

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Insulation > Floors > Accessible Floors
4.1301.8 - Pier Construction Subfloor Installation--Dense Pack with Rigid Barrier
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
4.1301.8a - Subfloor preparation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Sealing between house and crawl space will be completed before insulating
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage

Before
Gaps around penetrations can cause air leakage and negate insulation

After
Sealed penetrations maintain the air barrier

Tools: 1. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Caulk 2. Backer rod 3. Spray foam

Be alert to high-temperature flues and chimneys and use appropriate sealants and materials. See 3.1402.1c.

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4.1301.8b - Rigid air barrier

Locate gaps around penetrations for plumbing, electrical, etc.

Fill gaps greater than 1/4 inch with backer rod or spray foam

Caulk smaller gaps and to hold backer rod in place

4.1301.8b - Rigid air barrier
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): A rigid air barrier will be mechanically fastened to underside of floor assembly, providing 100% coverage of the floor assembly
Seams and penetrations will be sealed
Objective(s): Relocate air barrier

Before
Uninsulated floors over unconditioned spaces are an energy drain

After
Rigid barriers allow for air sealing while creating cavities for insulation

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Insulation > Floors > Accessible Floors
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Drill 4. Tape measure 5. Caulk gun

4.1301.8c - Installation
Materials: 1. Rigid material - drywall, XPS, plywood 2. Fasteners 3. Caulk

Fasten rigid barrier, aligning seams with joists when possible

Seal all seams with caulk to prevent Pay particular attention to complex

leakage

seams

Remember to seal along sills

4.1301.8c - Installation
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): Dense pack insulation will be installed between air barrier and subfloor according to manufacturer specifications
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value

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Insulation > Floors > Accessible Floors
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value

4.1301.8c - Installation

Before

After

Once rigid barrier has been sealed, insulation Rigid barrier should be sealed after insulating

can be blown in

to maintain air barrier

Tools:
1. Insulation machine 2. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Dense packable insulation 2. Caulk

Make sure to wear proper PPE when Purchase and install insulation as per Check manufacturer specifications to

working with insulation

Work Order

install properly

Drill hole in rigid barrier slightly larger Blown in insulation to density and r- Once cavity is filled, prepare plug to

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Insulation > Floors > Accessible Floors

than insulation hose

value specified by work order

4.1301.8d - Occupant education reseal rigid barrier

Securely seal plug into rigid barrier to prevent leakage
4.1301.8d - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:
Coverage area
Thickness
R-value Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications
Confirm amount of insulation installed
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17

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Insulation > Floors > Accessible Floors

4.1301.8d - Occupant education

Best Practice
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed

Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support

Documentation should include insulation material and r-value

Provide occupant with copies of all documentation

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June 22, 2018

Insulation > Ducts > Insulating Ducts

4.1601.1 - Insulating Flex Ducts
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier
4.1601.1a - Removal of existing flexible ducting
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier
Specification(s): All accessible low R-value flexible ducting will be removed from premises
Objective(s): Ensure installation of proper R-value ducts

4.1601.1b - Selection of new flexible ducting
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier
Specification(s): All flexible ducting will have a minimum of R-8
Objective(s): Minimize thermal conductance of the duct system

4.1601.1c - Sizing of new flex
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier
Specification(s): Duct sizing procedures will be conducted when replacing flex duct
Objective(s): Improve comfort in rooms

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Insulation > Ducts > Insulating Ducts
Improve fan performance

4.1601.1d - Installation of flex

4.1601.1d - Installation of flex
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier
Specification(s): Flexible ducts will be supported in accordance with flex duct manufacturer's directions or local codes
Objective(s): Prevent sags, drops, or other bends that may interfere with correct air flow

4.1601.1e - Interior liner attachment
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier
Specification(s): Interior liner of the flex-to-metal connection will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool or a mechanical band
Objective(s): Create a strong, secure attachment

4.1601.1f - Sealing of interior liner
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier
Specification(s): Systems used to seal flexible air ducts and flexible air connectors will comply with UL 181B and will be marked "181 B-FX" for pressure- sensitive tape or "181 B-M" for mastic
Objective(s): Create an airtight connection

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Insulation > Ducts > Insulating Ducts

4.1601.1h - Sealing of all accessible ducts

4.1601.1g - Attachment of exterior liner
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier
Specification(s): Liner will be pulled up onto the metal duct as far as possible before securing
The exterior liner of the flex duct will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool
Objective(s): Create a strong, durable attachment

4.1601.1h - Sealing of all accessible ducts
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier
Specification(s): All accessible joints, seams, and connections in ductwork will be securely fastened and sealed with UL "181 B-M" compliant mastic (adhesives) or mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems
Objective(s): Minimize duct leakage

4.1601.1i - Insulation of all fittings
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier
Specification(s): All metal fittings including boots, elbows, and take-offs will be insulated separately using an R-11 duct wrap with vapor retarder
Objective(s): Minimize thermal conductance of the duct system

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Insulation > Ducts > Insulating Ducts

4.1601.1j - Completeness of vapor barrier

4.1601.1j - Completeness of vapor barrier
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier
Specification(s): Vapor retarder of all duct insulation will be taped to the flex duct using tape that complies with UL 181B and will be marked "181 B-FX" for pressure-sensitive tape or "181 B-M" for mastic
Objective(s): Ensure a complete vapor barrier

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Insulation > Ducts > Insulating Ducts
4.1601.2 - Insulating Metal Ducts
Desired Outcome: Lowered thermal conductance of duct system and minimized condensation on the duct system
4.1601.2a - Selection of duct insulation material
Desired Outcome: Lowered thermal conductance of duct system and minimized condensation on the duct system Specification(s): Duct insulation on all ducts located in unconditioned spaces will be a minimum of R-8, in accordance with local code, or buried under attic insulation, whichever is greater, and have an attached vapor retarder Hot humid and warm coastal regions will not bury ducts Objective(s): Decrease heat loss and condensation problems

Before
Uninsulated ducts in unconditioned spaces are an energy drain

After
Properly insulated ducts operate at much higher rates of efficiency

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Insulation > Ducts > Insulating Ducts

4.1601.2b - Duct sealing

Ducts in unconditioned areas should OR ducts can be buried in loose fill in Burying ducts is discouraged in warm

have r-8 insulation with vapor barrier attic spaces in drier climates

coastal and hot humid regions

4.1601.2b - Duct sealing
Desired Outcome: Lowered thermal conductance of duct system and minimized condensation on the duct system
Specification(s): All joints, seams, and connections in ductwork shall be securely fastened and sealed with UL 181 BM mastics (adhesives) or mastic- plus-embedded-fabric systems installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions before insulation is applied
Objective(s): Minimize duct leakage

Before
Unsealed joints and connections need to be sealed to prevent health risks

After
Sealed ductwork connections help prevent leakage

Tools: 1. Putty knife

Materials:
1. Mesh tape 2. Mastic

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Insulation > Ducts > Insulating Ducts

4.1601.2c - Attachment of duct insulation

1
Prepare work area by assessing any safety concerns

2
Wrap joint with fiberglass mesh tape

3
Apply UL 181 mastic to seal joint

4.1601.2c - Attachment of duct insulation
Desired Outcome: Lowered thermal conductance of duct system and minimized condensation on the duct system
Specification(s): Duct insulation will be secured to the duct system using metal wire or rot-proof nylon twine
Pattern of the wire or twine will be sufficient to securely hold the duct insulation tight to the duct
Objective(s): Ensure a secure connection between the duct system and the duct insulation

Before
Materials holding insulation in place should not compress or kink duct

After
Durable materials can be attached without compressing insulation

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4.1601.2d - Taping of the duct insulation

Tools:
1. Scissors 2. Metal snips

Materials:
1. Nylon twine 2. Wire 3. Tie bands

4.1601.2d - Taping of the duct insulation
Desired Outcome: Lowered thermal conductance of duct system and minimized condensation on the duct system
Specification(s): Using a tape approved by the manufacturer, all seams and connection of the duct insulation will be taped
No gaps will exist between pieces of duct insulation
Objective(s): Prevent gaps in the vapor barrier of the insulation

Before
Unsecured and sealed insulation around ducts is useless
Tools: 1. Utility knife

After
All seams should be sealed with UL-181 duct tape to preserve vapor barrier
Materials: 1. UL-181 tape 2. R-8 duct insulation with vapor barrier

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June 22, 2018

Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > Design

5.3001.1 - Load Calculation and Equipment Selection
Desired Outcome: Equipment sized properly and operates efficiently
5.3001.1a - Load calculation
Desired Outcome: Equipment sized properly and operates efficiently
Specification(s): Load calculation will be performed in accordance with ANSI/ACCA 2 Manual J (Residential Load Calculation) and manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Properly size equipment for load

5.3001.1b - Equipment selection
Desired Outcome: Equipment sized properly and operates efficiently
Specification(s): Equipment selection will be performed in accordance with ANSI/ACCA Manual S and manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Ensure equipment is able to heat, cool, and dehumidify the house

5.3001.1c - Air filtration
Desired Outcome: Equipment sized properly and operates efficiently
Specification(s): New central forced air HVAC systems will have minimum MERV 6 filtration with no air bypass around the filters

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Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > Design
Objective(s): Particle removal to protect equipment and help maintain indoor air quality

5.3001.1c - Air filtration

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Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > Design

5.3001.2 - Ductwork and Termination Design
Desired Outcome: Efficient air flow to all rooms ensured by proper ductwork
5.3001.2a - Duct design
Desired Outcome: Efficient air flow to all rooms ensured by proper ductwork
Specification(s): Duct design will be performed in accordance with ANSI/ACCA Manual D and manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Maximize air flow

5.3001.2b - Termination design
Desired Outcome: Efficient air flow to all rooms ensured by proper ductwork
Specification(s): Termination design will be performed in accordance with ANSI/ACCA Manual T and manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Maximize air flow
Ensure occupant comfort

5.3001.2c - Air filtration

Desired Outcome: Efficient air flow to all rooms ensured by proper ductwork

Specification(s): New central forced air HVAC systems will have minimum MERV 6 filtration with no air bypass

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Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > Design
around the filters Objective(s): Particle removal to protect equipment and help maintain indoor air quality

5.3001.2c - Air filtration

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June 22, 2018

Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > Site Preparation

5.3002.1 - Preparation for New Equipment
Desired Outcome: Existing equipment removed safely and lawfully
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
5.3002.1a - Access
Desired Outcome: Existing equipment removed safely and lawfully
Specification(s): A code compliant walkway and service platform will be installed in attics, if not present
Walkway and platform will be above the level of insulation (if practical)
Objective(s): Ensure new equipment can be installed and serviced
Maintain adequate insulation level

5.3002.1b - Utility disconnect
Desired Outcome: Existing equipment removed safely and lawfully
Specification(s): Electricity and fuel will be turned off prior to starting removal of old appliance
Objective(s): Protect workers and occupants from injury

5.3002.1c - Refrigerant recovery
Desired Outcome: Existing equipment removed safely and lawfully

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Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > Site Preparation

5.3002.1d - Equipment disconnection

Specification(s): Refrigerant will be recovered in accordance with 40 CFR 608 (EPA) by a licensed contractor
Objective(s): Comply with Safe Handling of Refrigerant Law
Protect workers and occupants from injury

5.3002.1d - Equipment disconnection
Desired Outcome: Existing equipment removed safely and lawfully
Specification(s): Refrigerant lines, plumbing, ducts, electric, control wires, vents, and fuel supply will be disconnected
Objective(s): Ensure equipment can be removed

5.3002.1e - Removal
Desired Outcome: Existing equipment removed safely and lawfully
Specification(s): Equipment will be removed (e.g., furnace, air handler, evaporator, condensing unit)
Equipment will be removed from space without damaging property and disturbing or compressing the insulation
Equipment will be disposed of in accordance with local laws and regulations, recycling materials when feasible
Objective(s): Provide room to install new equipment and work safely
Comply with applicable disposal laws

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June 22, 2018

Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > System Assessment and Maintenance
5.3003.1 - Data Plate Verification
Desired Outcome: Data for commissioning and future service work is recorded
5.3003.1a - Data plate verification
Desired Outcome: Data for commissioning and future service work is recorded Specification(s): Equipment will be visually inspected Information will be recorded from the equipment data plates indoors and outdoors where available Objective(s): Ensure technician has equipment data necessary for commissioning and future service work

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Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > System Assessment and Maintenance

5.3003.3 - Evaluating Air Flow
Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
5.3003.3a - Total air flow
Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested
Specification(s): Total system air flow will be measured by one of the following methods:
Temperature rise Flow plate Fan depressurization device (e.g., Duct Blaster, DucTester)
Objective(s): Ensure equipment:
Operates as designed Operates efficiently Provides comfort Operates safely Is durable

5.3003.3b - External static pressure

Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested

Specification(s): External static pressure will be in accordance with manufacturer specifications

Objective(s): Ensure equipment:

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Operates as designed Operates efficiently Provides comfort Operates safely Is durable

5.3003.3c - Pressure

5.3003.3c - Pressure
Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested
Specification(s): Pressure drop across cooling coils will be in accordance with manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Ensure equipment:
Operates as designed Operates efficiently Provides comfort Operates safely Is durable

5.3003.3d - Filter Inspection
Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested
Specification(s): Visual inspection to verify filter type is per manufacturer specifications, and is clean
Objective(s): Ensure equipment:
Operates as designed Operates efficiently Provides comfort Operates safely Is durable

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5.3003.3e - Balancing room flow: new ductwork

5.3003.3e - Balancing room flow: new ductwork
Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested
Specification(s): Proper air flow delivery to each room will be ensured by one of the following:
Measuring air flow at each register
OR
Measuring heat rise, room pressures, and interviewing residents to ensure their comfort.
Objective(s): Ensure equipment:
Operates as designed Operates efficiently Provides comfort Operates safely Is durable

5.3003.3f - Supply and return temperature measurements

Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested

Specification(s): Supply and return wet bulb (wet bulb temperature is measured for cooling systems only) and dry bulb air temperatures will be recorded

Objective(s): Ensure equipment:

Operates as designed Operates efficiently Provides comfort Operates safely Is durable

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June 22, 2018

Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > System Assessment and Maintenance

5.3003.3h - Temperature rise: gas and oil furnaces only

5.3003.3h - Temperature rise: gas and oil furnaces only
Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested
Specification(s): Temperature rise between the supply and return will be in accordance with manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Ensure equipment:
Operates as designed Operates efficiently Provides comfort Operates safely Is durable

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June 22, 2018

Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > System Assessment and Maintenance

5.3003.4 - Evaluating Electrical Service
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
5.3003.4a - Polarity
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested
Specification(s): Polarity of equipment will be correct
Objective(s): Ensure equipment operates as designed
Ensure equipment operates safely

5.3003.4b - Voltage/amperage: incoming power
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested
Specification(s): Voltage/amperage will be in accordance with manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Ensure equipment operates as designed

5.3003.4c - Voltage: contactor
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested
Specification(s):

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June 22, 2018

Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > System Assessment and Maintenance

5.3003.4d - Grounding

In accordance with manufacturer specifications, voltage drop will be within acceptable range
Objective(s): Ensure contactor does not overheat
Ensure equipment operates as designed

5.3003.4d - Grounding
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested
Specification(s): Grounding must conform to meet NFPA 70 National Electric Code
Objective(s): Ensure equipment operates as designed
Ensure equipment operates safely

5.3003.4e - Blower amperage
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested
Specification(s): Amperage will not exceed manufacturer full load amperage
Objective(s): Ensure equipment operates as designed
Ensure equipment operates efficiently
Ensure equipment operates safely

5.3003.4f - Compressor amperage
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested

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June 22, 2018

Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > System Assessment and Maintenance

5.3003.4g - Door switch operation

Specification(s): Amperage will not exceed manufacturer full load amperage
Objective(s): Ensure equipment operates as designed
Ensure equipment operates efficiently
Ensure equipment operates safely

5.3003.4g - Door switch operation
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested
Specification(s): Blower compartment safety switch operation will be verified
Objective(s): Ensure blower does not operate during service

5.3003.4h - Heat pump: emergency heat
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested
Specification(s): Emergency heat circuit functions will be verified
Objective(s): Ensure system delivers heat in case of compressor failure

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June 22, 2018

Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > System Assessment and Maintenance

5.3003.5 - Refrigerant Line Inspection
Desired Outcome: Refrigerant lines properly installed
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
5.3003.5a - Insulation
Desired Outcome: Refrigerant lines properly installed
Specification(s): All suction or vapor refrigerant lines, will be insulated to a minimum of R-4
High-side or liquid refrigerant lines will not be insulated unless specified by the equipment's manufacturer
Objective(s): Ensure refrigerant lines do not gain excessive heat, or cause condensation to occur inside the building envelope

5.3003.5b - Ultraviolet (UV) protection of insulation
Desired Outcome: Refrigerant lines properly installed
Specification(s): If exposed to sunlight, refrigerant line insulation will be protected from UV degradation in accordance with manufacturer specifications, IRC or local code
Objective(s): Install insulation so it does not degrade

5.3003.5c - Sizing
Desired Outcome:
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5.3003.5d - Installation quality

Refrigerant lines properly installed
Specification(s): Refrigerant lines will be sized to meet manufacturer specifications for the installed equipment
Objective(s): Ensure system moves appropriate volume of refrigerant

5.3003.5d - Installation quality
Desired Outcome: Refrigerant lines properly installed
Specification(s): Refrigerant lines will be installed without kinks, crimps, or excessive bends
Objective(s): Ensure system moves appropriate volume of refrigerant

5.3003.5e - Support
Desired Outcome: Refrigerant lines properly installed
Specification(s): Refrigerant lines will be routed, supported, and secured to house in a manner that protects the line from damage by workers or occupants
Objective(s): Ensure refrigerant lines do not move, vibrate, or sag
Protect lines from damage

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5.3003.9 - Heating and Cooling Controls
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly
5.3003.9a - Removal of mercury- based thermostats
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly
Specification(s): Mercury based thermostat will be removed safely and disposed of in accordance with EPA regulations
Objective(s): Protect workers and occupants from injury
Protect environment from damage

5.3003.9b - Removal of existing controls
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly
Specification(s): Existing controls will be removed in accordance with EPA lead-safe work rules
Objective(s): Protect workers and occupants from injury
Protect environment from damage

5.3003.9c - Penetrations

Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly
Specification(s):

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5.3003.9d - Thermostat location

Penetrations for control wiring will be sealed with a durable sealant (e.g., caulk, silicone, foam)
Objective(s): Ensure controls operate as designed
Minimize infiltration and exfiltration from house

5.3003.9d - Thermostat location
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly
Specification(s): Thermostats will be installed to reflect the temperature of the zone in which they are installed
Thermostats will not be exposed to extreme temperatures, radiant heat sources, and drafts
Objective(s): Ensure controls operate as designed

5.3003.9e - Blower speed
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly
Specification(s): Blower speed will be set for equipment in accordance with manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Ensure equipment has correct air flow

5.3003.9f - Thermostat selection: heat pump

Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly
Specification(s): A thermostat with equipment supplementary heat lockout that can interface with an outside temperature sensor will be selected

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June 22, 2018

Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > System Assessment and Maintenance

5.3003.9g - Heat pump: supplementary heat

Objective(s): Ensure supplementary heater operation is prevented when the heat pump is capable of meeting the load

5.3003.9g - Heat pump: supplementary heat
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly
Specification(s): Supplementary heat will be used on air-to-air heat pumps with conditions that allow for a balance point of less than 30F
Supplementary heat lockout will be installed and set to manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Ensure supplementary heater operation is prevented when the heat pump is capable of meeting the load

5.3003.9h - Heat pump: low ambient compressor lockout
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly
Specification(s): For air-to-air heat pumps, low ambient compressor lockout will be set to 0F outdoor temperature or to manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Ensure supplementary heater operation is prevented when the heat pump is capable of meeting the load

5.3003.9i - Heat pump: outside temperature sensor
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly
Specification(s):

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June 22, 2018

Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > System Assessment and Maintenance

5.3003.9j - Heat pump: supplementary heat wiring

An outdoor temperature sensor will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Ensure equipment operates as designed

5.3003.9j - Heat pump: supplementary heat wiring
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly
Specification(s): Supplementary heat will be wired onto second-stage heating terminal in accordance with manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Do not operate supplementary heat in stage one heating

5.3003.9k - Thermostat: installer programming
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly
Specification(s): The installer options will be set to match the thermostat to the equipment and control board settings
Objective(s): Ensure equipment operates as designed

5.3003.9l - Time delay settings

Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly

Specification(s): Time delay for equipment will be set in accordance with manufacturer specifications and as appropriate for the climate zone (e.g., no time delay for hot humid climates)

Objective(s): Maximize transfer of heat without adversely affecting indoor humidity levels

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June 22, 2018

Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > System Assessment and Maintenance

5.3003.9m - Humidistat: location

5.3003.9m - Humidistat: location
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly
Specification(s): Humidistat will be installed to reflect humidity of the zone in which it is installed
Humidistat will be installed in a dry location
Objective(s): Ensure controls operate as designed
5.3003.9n - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly
Specification(s): Occupants will be educated on proper use of thermostat including:
Proper use of setbacks for air conditioners and heat pumps Allowing occupant comfort to determine setback for combustion heating appliances Using emergency heat appropriately
Objective(s): Ensure equipment and controls operate as designed
Provide comfort throughout house

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June 22, 2018

Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > System Assessment and Maintenance
5.3003.10 - Condensate Drainage of Heating and Air Conditioning Equipment
Desired Outcome: Equipment and condensate drain operate as designed Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
5.3003.10a - Connection
Desired Outcome: Equipment and condensate drain operate as designed
Specification(s): Connections in condensate drain system will be watertight
Objective(s): Ensure condensate drain connections do not leak

Before
HVAC equipment needs condensate drainage to prevent water damage

In Progress
Drainage pipes should be sealed to be watertight

Tools:
1. Hacksaw 2. Crimper

Materials:
1. Pex piping and angles 2. PVC piping and angles 3. PVC primer and cement

PVC cement is not actually glue, but rather a solvent that softens the surfaces and welds them together. Clean and dry the surfaces, then apply purple primer to prepare them for solvent welding.

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5.3003.10b - Insulation

Coat both surfaces with PVC cement. Insert the pipe or male fitting into the female socket until it bottoms out, and then twist them a quarter turn to evenly spread the cement. Wipe away the excess cement, and wait the period of time specified by the cement manufacturer before allowing water through the connection.

5.3003.10b - Insulation
Desired Outcome: Equipment and condensate drain operate as designed
Specification(s): Condensate drainlines will be insulated with a minimum 1" of insulation with a vapor retarder when there is potential for condensation or freezing on the drainline
Objective(s): Ensure condensate drain connections do not leak

Before
Once drainage pipes cross into unconditioned space, they can freeze
Tools: 1. Tape measure 2. Utility knife

After
Pipes in unconditioned spaces should be insulated with 1" pipe insulation
Materials: 1. 1" thick pipe insulation 2. Zip ties

5.3003.10c - Overflow protection: upflow
Desired Outcome: Equipment and condensate drain operate as designed
Specification(s):

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5.3003.10d - Pumps

Secondary drain pan and float switch will be installed when overflow could damage finished surfaces
OR
Float switch in the primary condensate drain for upflow systems will be installed when overflow could damage finished surfaces
Objective(s): Ensure condensate drain connections do not leak

A float switch should be installed to prevent overflow and damage
5.3003.10d - Pumps
Desired Outcome: Equipment and condensate drain operate as designed
Specification(s): Condensate drain pumps will be installed when condensate cannot be drained by gravity Power source for pump will be installed Operation and drainage of pump will be verified
Objective(s): Ensure condensate drain connections do not leak

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5.3003.10g - Float switch

Before
This AC unit is located below the drain location, requiring a pump to eject the condensate upward

After
Route AC condensate line into a pump and run the discharge outdoors if AC is located too low to drain by gravity

Use condensate pumps equipped with safety switches. Wire the switch to the HVAC unit so that it will shut off the unit in the event the condensate pump backs up or overflows.

1

2

3

Ductless mini-split AC unit is mounted Pipe the condensate to a pump.

Route the pump discharge outside or

to a wall which cannot be penetrated Provide a power supply for the pump into the sewage system

5.3003.10g - Float switch
Desired Outcome: Equipment and condensate drain operate as designed
Specification(s): All secondary drain pans will have a float switch and be drained away through a drainline
Objective(s): Prevent water overflowing the pan and draining onto the ceiling below

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5.3003.10g - Float switch

Float switches should be installed in drainage pans to prevent overflow

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5.3003.14 - Combustion Analysis of Gas-Fired Appliances (LP and Natural Gas)
Desired Outcome: Analysis of critical components and operations completed in accordance with industry and manufacturer specifications
5.3003.14a - Gas Pressure
Desired Outcome: Analysis of critical components and operations completed in accordance with industry and manufacturer specifications
Specification(s): Measurement will be verified by a certified professional in accordance with fuel type and manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Ensure equipment:
Operates as designed Operates safely Operates efficiently Is durable
5.3003.14b - Place appliance in operation
Desired Outcome: Analysis of critical components and operations completed in accordance with industry and manufacturer specifications
Specification(s): Heating equipment will be placed in operation in accordance with applicable NFPA standards and manufacturer specifications when available
Objective(s): Ensure equipment:

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Operates as designed Operates safely Operates efficiently Is durable

5.3003.14c - Carbon dioxide (CO2)and oxygen (O2)

5.3003.14c - Carbon dioxide (CO2)and oxygen (O2)
Desired Outcome: Analysis of critical components and operations completed in accordance with industry and manufacturer specifications
Specification(s): Measurement will be verified in accordance with industry manuals (e.g., Testo, Bacharach)
Objective(s): Ensure equipment:
Operates as designed Operates safely Operates efficiently Is durable

5.3003.14d - Carbon monoxide (CO) in flue gas
Desired Outcome: Analysis of critical components and operations completed in accordance with industry and manufacturer specifications
Specification(s): CO in the undiluted flue gas will be less than 400 ppm air-free
Objective(s): Ensure equipment:
Operates as designed Operates safely Operates efficiently Is durable

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Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > System Assessment and Maintenance 5.3003.14e - Testing/inspection holes
5.3003.14e - Testing/inspection holes
Desired Outcome: Analysis of critical components and operations completed in accordance with industry and manufacturer specifications
Specification(s): All testing and inspection holes will be sealed with manufacturer approved materials
Objective(s): Ensure equipment:
Operates as designed Operates safely Operates efficiently Is durable

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Ventilation > Exhaust > Components
6.6002.1 - Ducts
Desired Outcome: Installed ducts effectively move the required volume of air and prevent condensation
6.6002.1a - Duct design and configuration
Desired Outcome: Installed ducts effectively move the required volume of air and prevent condensation Specification(s): Ventilation ducts will be as short, straight, and smooth as possible Ventilation ducts will not be smaller than the connections to which they are attached Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air

Before
Duct work for exhaust fans should be short, smooth, and not pinch down

After
Duct is the same size as the outlet and makes shortest run possible

Tools:
1. Metal snips 2. Drill

Materials:
1. Metal duct piping 2. Fasteners

See also ASHRAE 62.2-2013.

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6.6002.1b - Duct insulation

6.6002.1b - Duct insulation
Desired Outcome: Installed ducts effectively move the required volume of air and prevent condensation
Specification(s): Ducts installed outside of the thermal envelope will be insulated to a minimum of R-8 or equivalent to local codes
Objective(s): Prevent condensation from forming or collecting inside of the ductwork

Bad Practice
Uninsulated ducts in unconditioned spaces can result in condensation issues, mold, water damage, and energy losses

Best Practice
Insulated exhaust and fresh air ducts save energy and reduce problems from condensation, mold, and water damage

Tools:
1. Utility knife 2. Metal snips 3. Wire cutters 4. Outward clinching (stitch) stapler

Materials:
1. R-8 insulation with vapor barrier 2. Nylon twine or webbing 3. Light gauge galvanized wire 4. UL-181 duct tape 5. Staples

See also ASHRAE 62.2-2013. Check local codes to verify that R-8 is a sufficient level of insulation.

Sheet metal (for example, a curved piece of flashing or opened, flattened section of metal duct) may be used to support insulated duct without causing the insulation to be compressed.

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6.6002.1c - Duct support

1
Gather appropriate tools

2

3

Wrap duct with fiberglass insulation. Secure insulation with wire. Install vapor barrier. Fasten with staples and tape

Staple and tape seams in the vapor barrier. Support ductwork with nylon webbing or twine

6.6002.1c - Duct support
Desired Outcome: Installed ducts effectively move the required volume of air and prevent condensation
Specification(s): Flexible and duct board ducts and plenums will be supported every 4' using a minimum of 1 " wide material
Support materials will be applied in a way that does not crimp ductwork or cause the interior dimensions of the ductwork to be less than specified (e.g., ceiling, framing, strapping); duct support must be installed in accordance with authority having jurisdiction
Metal ducts will be supported by 1/2" or wider 18-gauge strapping or 12 gauge or thicker galvanized wire no less than 10' apart
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air
Preserve the integrity of the duct system
Eliminate falling and sagging

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6.6002.1c - Duct support

Before
Ducts should not be allowed to droop or sag to maximize efficiency

After
Supports should be evenly spaced to allow for minimal distance of run

Tools:
1. Drill 2. Metal snips 3. Utility knife

Materials:
1. Durable straps at least 1 1/2" wide 2. 18 gauge metal strap at least 1/2" wide 3. 12 gauge galvanized wire 4. Staples 5. Fasteners

See also ASHRAE 62.2-2013.

BAD: Make sure supports DO NOT compress insulation or duct

Flex ducts should have support straps Support straps should be at least 1 1/2

at least every 4 feet

inches wide

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6.6002.1d - Duct connections

Metal ducts should be supported at 10 Metal strap should be at least 18

feet or less with wire or metal strap

gauge and 1/2 inch wide

Metal wire should be at least 12 gauge and galvinized

6.6002.1d - Duct connections
Desired Outcome: Installed ducts effectively move the required volume of air and prevent condensation
Specification(s): Round metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced screws
Other metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC connections will be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic- plus-embedded-fabric systems, or tapes
Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool
PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement
Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer specifications
In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M listed material
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air
Preserve the integrity of the duct system

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6.6002.1e - Duct materials

Before
Fan duct is disconnected and venting into the attic space.

After
Fan has been vented with sealed, insulated duct material.

1

2

Apply mastic to the connection fitting. Snug duct liner onto connection fitting.

3
Use zip tie and tensioner to secure liner to connection fitting.

4
Apply mastic to fan connection.

5
Using mechanical fasteners, secure connection fitting to fan connection.

6
Snug insulation to fan housing and strap into place.

6.6002.1e - Duct materials
Desired Outcome:

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6.6002.1e - Duct materials

Installed ducts effectively move the required volume of air and prevent condensation
Specification(s): Flexible materials will be UL 181 listed or Air Diffusion Council approved
The metal gauge of rigid kitchen fan ducting shall meet code requirements or the approval of the authority having jurisdiction.
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air
Preserve the integrity of the duct system

Bad Practice

Best Practice

Existing duct is installed incorrectly and is not This flexible duct conforms to UL 181 UL listed

Tools:
1. utility knife 2. wire cutters 3. zip tie tensioning tool 4. disposable brushes 5. hacksaw

Materials:
1. rigid metal duct 2. UL 181 listed flexible duct 3. PVC pipe 4. mastic duct sealant 5. zip ties 6. UL 181 listed tape 7. PVC cement (only if using PVC pipe as duct material) 8. sheet metal screws

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6.6002.1e - Duct materials

1
PVC Sealant

2
Mastic

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6.6002.2 - Terminations
Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow
6.6002.2a - Hole in building shell
Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow Specification(s): A hole no greater than a 1/4" greater than the fitting will be cut to accommodate termination fitting Objective(s): Allow for ease of weatherproofing

Before
Exhaust fans need exterior ventilation, often through roofs and walls

After
Hole should be no more than 1/4" larger than termination fitting diameter

Tools:
1. Hole saw 2. Drill 3. Tape measure

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6.6002.2b - Termination fitting

1

2

Locate the center of your vent hole by Measure the termination fitting to

drilling from inside through roof

determine proper hole saw diameter

3
Based on termination fitting size (in this case, 4"), mark to cut hole

4

5

Hole should be no more than 1/4"

Verify hole size is correct before

larger than termination fitting diameter installation

6.6002.2b - Termination fitting
Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow
Specification(s): A termination fitting with an integrated collar will be used
Collar will be at least the same diameter as the exhaust fan outlet; if collar is larger than exhaust fan outlet, a rigid metal transition will be used
Fitting will be appropriate for regional weather conditions and installation location on house so as not to be rendered inoperable
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air to the outside

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Preserve integrity of the building envelope Ensure durable installation

6.6002.2c - Duct to termination connection

Before
Termination fittings with no collar are to be avoided
Tools: 1. Drill

After
Properly sized ducts with snug connections to collared fittings last longer
Materials: 1. Fasteners

BAD: Termination fittings without collars should be avoided

Termination fittings with collars should Collared fittings extend through the

be used for exhaust ventilation

roof to fasten securely with duct

6.6002.2c - Duct to termination connection

Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow

Specification(s): Duct will be connected and sealed to termination fitting as follows:

Round metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally

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6.6002.2c - Duct to termination connection

spaced screws Other metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC connections will be securely fastened and sealed with
welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems, or tapes Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band
tensioning tool PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer
specifications In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M
listed material
Fasteners will not inhibit damper operation
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air to the outside
Preserve integrity of the building envelope
Ensure durable installation

Before
Termination is not mechanically fastened, or sealed appropriately.

After
Termination fitting is secure, and duct is sealed to termination.

Tools:
1. wire cutters 2. disposable chip brush 3. zip tie tensioning tool 4. utility knife 5. hacksaw

Materials:
1. insulated flex duct with liner 2. mastic duct sealant 3. zip tie straps 4. UL 181 listed tape

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6.6002.2d - Weatherproof installation

1
With other end of the duct connected to the fan, cut duct to desired length.

2
Apply mastic to termination fitting.

3
Fit duct liner on to termination fitting.

4

5

With duct liner in place, use the zip tie With liner secured and zip tie

tension tool to secure the liner to the trimmed, you are ready to pull the

fitting.

insulation to cover the fitting.

6
Ensure termination damper functions as intended.

6.6002.2d - Weatherproof installation
Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow
Specification(s): Exterior termination fitting will be flashed or weather sealed Water will be directed away from penetration Installation will not inhibit damper operation Manufacturer specifications will be followed
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of the building envelope

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Ventilation > Exhaust > Components
Ensure a weather tight and durable termination installation Ensure unrestricted air flow

6.6002.2e - Pest exclusion

Before

After

Holes for termination fitting need to be sealed Termination installation should follow

to weatherproof

shingling to deter water penetration

Tools:
1. Hole saw 2. Caulk gun 3. Drill

Materials:
1. Fasteners 2. Caulk

Termination fitting is installed to repel water and sealed

6.6002.2e - Pest exclusion

Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow

Specification(s): Screen material with no less than " and no greater than " hole size in any direction will be used
Installation will not inhibit damper operation or restrict air flow

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Objective(s): Prevent pest entry Ensure proper air flow

6.6002.2f - Termination location

Before
Exhaust terminations without screens are an invitation to pest intrusion

After
Screen mesh should be between 1/4" and 1/ 2" in either direction

6.6002.2f - Termination location
Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow
Specification(s): Terminations will be ducted to the outdoors, which does not include unconditioned spaces such as attics and crawl spaces that are ventilated with the outdoors.
Terminations will be installed:
A minimum of 3' away from any property line A minimum of 3' away from operable opening to houses A minimum of 10' away from mechanical intake As required by authority having jurisdiction
Objective(s): Prevent exhaust from reentering house

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6.6002.2g - Kitchen exhaust

Unsafe
Exhaust vent has been improperly mounted too close to mechanical vent
Tools: 1. Measuring tape 2. Hole saw 3. Drill
6.6002.2g - Kitchen exhaust
Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow
Specification(s): Galvanized steel, stainless steel, or copper will be used for termination fitting for kitchen exhaust
Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard

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6.6002.2g - Kitchen exhaust

Before
Kitchen exhaust vents should not be made from highly combustible materials

After
This roof-mounted kitchen exhaust fan is galvanized steel--heat resistant

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6.6002.3 - Exhaust-Only Ventilation--Fan Intake Grille Location
Desired Outcome: Exhaust grille location optimizes either primary or local ventilation Note:
6.6002.3a - Primary whole house ventilation
Desired Outcome: Exhaust grille location optimizes either primary or local ventilation Specification(s): Fan intake grille will be installed in a central location within the main body of the house Ensure it is accessible for filter change and cleaning Objective(s): Provide whole house air exchange
6.6002.3b - Local ventilation
Desired Outcome: Exhaust grille location optimizes either primary or local ventilation Specification(s): Fan intake grille will be installed in the space where odor, moisture vapor, or other contaminants are generated Objective(s): Remove contaminated air at the source

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Ventilation > Exhaust > Fans

6.6003.1 - Surface-Mounted Ducted
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
6.6003.1a - Hole through interior surface
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification
Specification(s): A hole no greater than a 1/4" greater than the assembly will be cut to accommodate fan assembly
Objective(s): Minimize repair work
Ensure a secure installation

6.6003.1b - Wiring
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Wiring will be installed in accordance with original equipment manufacturer specifications, and local and national electrical and mechanical codes
Objective(s): Prevent an electrical hazard
6.6003.1c - Fan mounting
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification

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6.6003.1d - Backdraft damper

Specification(s): Fan outlet will be oriented toward the final termination location
Fan will be oriented so the equivalent length of the duct run is as short as possible
Fan will be mounted securely in accordance with manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Ensure short duct run to achieve optimum air flow
Ensure a secure installation
Ensure fan housing does not shake, rattle, or hum when operating

6.6003.1d - Backdraft damper
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification
Specification(s): A backdraft damper will be installed between the outlet side of the fan and the exterior
Objective(s): Prevent reverse air flow when the fan is off

6.6003.1e - Duct to fan connection
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Duct-to-fan outlet will be connected and sealed as follows:
Round metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced screws
Other metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC connections will be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems, or tapes
Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool
PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement

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6.6003.1f - Fan housing seal

Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened according to manufacturer specifications In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M
listed material
Objective(s): Exhaust to outside

6.6003.1f - Fan housing seal
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Gaps and holes in fan housing will be sealed with caulk or other sealants in accordance with manufacturer recommendations
Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces
Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage through fan housing
Ensure a permanent seal
Prevent a fire hazard

6.6003.1g - Fan to interior surface seal
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces
Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage between house and fan

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6.6003.1i - Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans

6.6003.1h - Air flow
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Air flows in cubic feet per minute (CFM) will be measured and adjusted to meet the whole house upgrade design requirements
Objective(s): Exhaust sufficient air from desired locations to outside

6.6003.1i - Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Leakage to the house from other spaces will be prevented (e.g., garages, unconditioned crawl spaces, unconditioned attics)
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety

6.6003.1j - Combustion safety
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Pressure effects will be assessed and corrected on all combustion appliances
Objective(s): Ensure safe operation of combustion appliances

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6.6003.2 - Inline
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
6.6003.2a - Wiring
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Wiring will be installed in accordance with original equipment manufacturer specifications and local and national electrical and mechanical codes
Objective(s): Prevent an electrical hazard

6.6003.2b - Access
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Fan and service switch will be accessible for maintenance according to NFPA 70 National Electric Code or local authority having jurisdiction
Objective(s): Fan and service switch will be accessible for maintenance

6.6003.2c - Fan mounting
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification
Specification(s):
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6.6003.2d - Backdraft damper

Fan outlet will be oriented toward the final termination location Fan will be oriented so the equivalent length of the duct run is as short as possible Fan will be mounted securely in accordance with manufacturer specifications Fan will be isolated from the building framing unless specifically designed to be directly attached Fan will be installed remotely by installing ducting from intake grille Objective(s): Ensure short duct run to achieve optimum air flow Ensure fan is installed securely Ensure fan housing or building framing does not shake, rattle, or hum when operating Minimize noise

6.6003.2d - Backdraft damper
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification
Specification(s): A backdraft damper will be installed between the outlet side of the fan and the exterior
Objective(s): Prevent reverse air flow when the fan is off

6.6003.2e - Duct connections

Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Ducts will be connected and sealed to the intake fan and termination fitting as follows:
Round metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced screws
Other metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC connections will be securely fastened and sealed with

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6.6003.2f - Boot to interior surface seal

welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems, or tapes Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band
tensioning tool PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer
specifications In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M
listed material
Objective(s): Exhaust from desired location to outside
Preserve integrity of the duct system and building envelope

6.6003.2f - Boot to interior surface seal
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces
Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage around intake housing
Prevent a fire hazard

6.6003.2g - Air flow
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Air flows in CFM will be measured and adjusted to meet the design requirements
Objective(s): Exhaust sufficient air from desired locations to outside

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6.6003.2i - Combustion safety

6.6003.2h - Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Leakage to the house from other spaces will be prevented (e.g., garages, unconditioned crawl spaces, unconditioned attics)
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety

6.6003.2i - Combustion safety
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Pressure effects caused by fans will be assessed and corrected when found outside of combustion safety standards
Exhaust fans and other exhausting systems shall be provided with makeup air or other pressure relief
Objective(s): Ensure safe operation of combustion appliances

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Ventilation > Exhaust > Fans
6.6003.3 - Through the Wall
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
6.6003.3a - Hole in building shell
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification
Specification(s): A hole no greater than a 1/4 inch greater than the assembly will be cut to accommodate fan assembly
Objective(s): Allow for ease of weatherproofing

Before
Measure the vent size to compare to opening. 1/4" gap or less is desired.
Tools:
1. saw 2. prybar 3. goggles 4. gloves 5. measuring tape

After
Hole size allows sufficient room for vent installation and proper sealing.

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Ventilation > Exhaust > Fans

6.6003.3a - Hole in building shell

6.6003.3a - Hole in building shell
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification
Specification(s): A hole no greater than a 1/4 inch greater than the assembly will be cut to accommodate fan assembly
Objective(s): Allow for ease of weatherproofing

Before
Determine size to cut hole by measuring fan assembly and ducting

After
A snug fit should be ensured to minimize weatherproofing required

Tools:
1. Tape measure 2. Saw

1

2

Measure the termination fitting to

Hole should be no more than 1/4"

determine proper hole diameter (in this larger than assembly diameter

case, 4")

3
Clear wall surface and mark hole size 1/4" larger than termination fitting

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6.6003.3b - Wiring

4
Since opening is larger than most hole saws, precision cutting is important
6.6003.3b - Wiring
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Wiring will be installed in accordance with original equipment manufacturer specifications, and local and national electrical and mechanical codes
Objective(s): Prevent an electrical hazard

Fan wiring showing proper grounding, wiring Fan junction box with cover installed connections, and clamp

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6.6003.3c - Fan mounting

Tools:
1. Wire strippers 2. Utility knife or cable ripper 3. Screwdriver 4. Non-contact voltage tester 5. Lineman's pliers

Materials:
1. Ground wire crimp sleeves 2. Non-metallic sheathed wire (Type NMB) e.g., Romex 3. Plastic junction box and cover plate 4. Wire nuts 5. Cable staples 6. Clamp-type cable connectors

Follow manufacturer's specifications and applicable codes when wiring newly installed equipment.

1
Make all connections to existing wiring in junction boxes. Use wire nuts on line and neutral and crimp sleeves on ground
6.6003.3c - Fan mounting
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Fan outlet will be oriented toward the final termination location Fan will be oriented so the equivalent length of the duct run is as short as possible Fan will be mounted securely according to manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Install mounting fan securely Ensure fan housing does not shake, rattle, or hum when operating

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6.6003.3d - Weatherproof installation

Best Practice
Using provided holes or template, drill holes and fasten fan securely.
Tools: 1. drill 2. drill bits

Materials: 1. fasteners

6.6003.3d - Weatherproof installation
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Exterior termination fitting will be flashed or weather sealed Water will be directed away from penetration Termination fitting installation will not inhibit damper operation Manufacturer specifications will be followed
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of the building envelope Ensure a weather tight and durable installation Ensure unrestricted air flow

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6.6003.3e - Backdraft damper

Best Practice
Apply sealant behind termination cap, taking care to apply sealant to all edges.

Best Practice
Termination is sealed and securely attached to the wall.

Tools:
1. caulk gun 2. drill 3. drill bits 4. reciprocating saw 5. drywall saw or utility knife

Materials:
1. weatherproof termination kit with pest screen 2. caulk or equivalent sealant 3. mechanical fasteners

1
With the termination cap pushed against the wall, wipe away excess sealant and install mechanical fasteners.

2
Ensure damper swings open freely, and closes with a tight fit.

6.6003.3e - Backdraft damper

Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification
Specification(s): A backdraft damper will be installed between the outlet side of the fan and the exterior
Objective(s): Prevent reverse air flow when the fan is off

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Ventilation > Exhaust > Fans

6.6003.3f - Fan housing seal

Best Practice
Damper should be installed to maintain exterior air barrier
6.6003.3f - Fan housing seal
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage through fan housing Ensure a permanent seal to the building air barrier

Before
Apply sealant behind termination cap.

After
Compress sealant ensuring an airtight, weatherproof seal.

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Ventilation > Exhaust > Fans

6.6003.3g - Fan to interior surface seal

Tools: 1. caulk gun

Materials: 1. weatherproof, code approved caulk

6.6003.3g - Fan to interior surface seal
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces
Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage around intake housing
Prevent a fire hazard

In Progress
Apply approved sealant around interior opening. Fan housing should compress sealant.
Tools: 1. caulk gun

Materials: 1. code approved caulk

6.6003.3i - Air flow

Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification

Specification(s):

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6.6003.3j - Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans

Air flows in CFM will be measured and adjusted to meet the design requirements
Objective(s): Exhaust sufficient air from desired locations to outside

Best Practice
Using a digital manometer, exhaust flow meter and fabricated cover, measure the fan flow.

Best Practice
Air flow should be within acceptable limits for the location of the fan.

Tools:
1. exhaust fan flow meter 2. manometer

Materials:
1. a fabricated cover for fans larger than the flow meter

6.6003.3j - Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Leakage to the house from other spaces will be prevented (e.g., garages, unconditioned crawl spaces, unconditioned attics)
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety

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Ventilation > Exhaust > Fans

6.6003.3k - Combustion safety

Best Practice
The barrier between conditioned and unconditioned spaces should be sealed
See also SWS 3.1501.1 Air Sealing Garage Penetrations.
6.6003.3k - Combustion safety
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification
Specification(s): Pressure effects caused by fans will be assessed and corrected when found outside of combustion safety standards
Make-up air will be provided in accordance with the current version of ASHRAE 62.2 and in compliance with the authority having jurisdiction.
Objective(s): Ensure safe operation of combustion appliances

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6.6003.3k - Combustion safety

Before
Installing new ventilation can cause imbalances within the house

After
Test that depressurization limit is not being exceeded by new ventilation

Tools: 1. Manometer

See SWS 2.0299.1a-i for CAZ depressurization limits

1

2

3

Run depressurization testing on house If depressurization limit is exceeded, to ensure new ventilation isn't causing mitigate to eliminate safety risk unsafe conditions

Mitigate safety risk with make-up air or other pressure relief

4
After mitigation, verify that
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depressurization limits are not being exceeded

6.6003.3k - Combustion safety

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June 22, 2018

Ventilation > Exhaust > Appliance Exhaust Vents

6.6005.1 - Clothes Dryer
Desired Outcome: Dryer air exhausted efficiently and safely
6.6005.1a - Clothes dryer ducting
Desired Outcome: Dryer air exhausted efficiently and safely
Specification(s): Clothes dryers will be ducted to the outdoors, which does not include unconditioned spaces such as attics and crawl spaces that are ventilated with the outdoors
As short a run as practical of rigid sheet metal or semi-rigid sheet metal venting material will be used in accordance with manufacturer specifications
Dryer ducts exceeding 35' in duct equivalent length will have a dryer booster fan installed
Plastic venting material will not be used
Uninsulated clothes dryer duct will not pass through unconditioned spaces such as attics and crawl spaces, except where allowed by the authority having jurisdiction
Ducts will be connected and sealed as follows:
UL listed foil type or semi-rigid sheet metal to rigid metal will be fastened with clamp Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer
specifications In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M
listed material
In addition:
Sheet metal screws or other fasteners that will obstruct the exhaust flow will not be used Condensing dryers will be plumbed to a drain
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of building envelope

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Effectively move air from clothes dryer to outside

6.6005.1a - Clothes dryer ducting

Before

After

Dryer is vented outside, but with the incorrect Dryer is vented outdoors with semi-rigid

material.

metal duct. Run is as short and straight as

possible ensuring maximum flow.

Tools:
1. tin snips 2. drill 3. wire cutters

Materials:
1. metal flex duct 2. dryer vent kit 3. hose clamps 4. UL 181 listed tape

1

2

Disconnect existing vent pipe from termination. If hose clamp is installed, save for reuse.

Disconnect existing vent pipe from dryer.

3
Attach approved vent material to termination vent. Termination vent may need to be trimmed.

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6.6005.1b - Termination fitting

4

5

Trim metal vent to ensure the run is as Connect vent pipe to dryer. short and straight as possible.

6
Dryer vents to outdoors, and exhaust damper is functional.

6.6005.1b - Termination fitting
Desired Outcome: Dryer air exhausted efficiently and safely
Specification(s): Termination fitting manufactured for use with dryers will be installed
A backdraft damper will be included, as described in termination fitting detail
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of building envelope
Effectively move air from clothes dryer to outside

Best Practice
Termination fittings for dryers should have backdraft dampers
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6.6005.1c - Make-up air

Most modern dryer vents have a built-in backdraft damper To minimize pest intrusion, mesh >1/4" square can be used (see 6.6002.2e)
6.6005.1c - Make-up air
Desired Outcome: Dryer air exhausted efficiently and safely
Specification(s): If natural draft combustion appliances are present and if worst-case CAZ and/or other performance based testing is conducted and indicates a need for make-up air, make-up air will be provided in accordance with the current version of ASHRAE 62.2 and in compliance with the authority having jurisdiction.
If natural draft combustion appliances are present and if no performance based testing is conducted, make-up air will be provided prescriptively in accordance with the current version of ASHRAE 62.2 and in compliance with the authority having jurisdiction.
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of building envelope
Effectively move air from clothes dryer to outside

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6.6005.1d - Combustion safety

Best Practice
A passive inlet vent can provide make-up air for dryer exhaust
Tools:
1. Drill 2. Hole saw 3. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Caulk sealant 2. Fasteners

6.6005.1d - Combustion safety
Desired Outcome: Dryer air exhausted efficiently and safely
Specification(s): Pressure effects caused by fans will be assessed and corrected when found outside of combustion safety standards
Objective(s): Ensure safe operation of combustion appliances
Ensure occupant health and safety

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6.6005.1d - Combustion safety

Appliance exhaust, such as that for a dryer, can cause depressurization

After
Test to verify combustion appliances are within depressurization limits

Tools: 1. Manometer

See SWS 2.0299.1a-i for CAZ depressurization limits

1

2

3

Run depressurization testing on house If depressurization limit is exceeded, to ensure new ventilation isn't causing mitigate to eliminate safety risk unsafe conditions

Install make-up air, such as a passive inlet vent, or other pressure relief

4
After mitigation, verify that depressurization limit is not being
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6.6005.1e - Occupant education

6.6005.1e - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Dryer air exhausted efficiently and safely
Specification(s): Occupant will be instructed to keep lint filter and termination fitting clean
Occupant will be instructed to keep dryer booster fan clean, if present
Occupant will be instructed on clothes dryer operation safety including information on items that must not be placed in the clothes dryer (items with any oil or other flammable liquid on it, foam, rubber, plastic or other heat-sensitive fabric, glass fiber materials)
Objective(s): Effectively move air from clothes dryer to outside

Unsafe
Neglect of clothes dryer maintenance can cause fire hazards

Best Practice
Occupants should be taught to clean lint filters and termination fittings

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6.6005.1e - Occupant education

In homes with booster fans, occupant should know location and how to clean

Occupants should be taught never to put flammable articles in dryer (in this case, oily rags)

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Ventilation > Exhaust > Appliance Exhaust Vents
6.6005.2 - Kitchen Range
Desired Outcome: Kitchen range fan installed to specification Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
6.6005.2b - Fan venting
Desired Outcome: Kitchen range fan installed to specification
Specification(s): Kitchen range fans will be vented to the outdoors Recirculating fans will not be used as a ventilating device
Objective(s): Remove cooking contaminants from the house Preserve integrity of building envelope

Before
Recirculating fans over ranges do not actually remove contaminants
Refer to ASHRAE 62.2-2013

After
Daylight visible through dampered kitchen exhaust proves venting access

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6.6005.2c - Fan ducting

6.6005.2c - Fan ducting
Desired Outcome: Kitchen range fan installed to specification
Specification(s): Kitchen range fans will be ducted to the outdoors
As short a run as practical of smooth wall metal duct will be used, following manufacturer specifications
Ducting will be connected and sealed as follows:
Metal-to-metal will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced screws Other metal-to-metal connections will be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets,
mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems, or tapes For down-draft exhaust systems, PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC
cement Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer
specifications In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M
listed material
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of building envelope
Effectively move air from range to outside

Before

After

Exhaust duct should be smooth-walled and in Daylight visible through dampered kitchen

as short a run as possible

exhaust proves outside access

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6.6005.2d - Termination fitting

Tools:
1. Drill 2. Putty knife 3. Tape measure 4. Metal snips 5. Saw

Materials:
1. Round metal ducting 2. Mastic 3. Fiberglass mesh tape 4. Fasteners

See also 6.6002.1d. Note: Only smooth-wall metal duct will be used, except for down-draft exhaust systems where PVC is acceptable as well. Flex duct is NOT acceptable for kitchen fan exhaust application.

1
Duct run should be as smooth and short as possible

2

3

Duct should be fastened securely with Then joints should be secured with

three evenly-spaced screws

fiberglass tape

4
Finally, joint should be secured with UL-181 mastic

6.6005.2d - Termination fitting

Desired Outcome: Kitchen range fan installed to specification
Specification(s): Termination fitting will be installed including a backdraft damper, as described in termination fitting

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detail Objective(s): Ensure safe operation of combustion appliances Ensure occupant health and safety

6.6005.2e - Make-up air

Before
Kitchen fans should exhaust to the exterior, not just recirculate air

After
Exhaust fans should have backdraft dampers

Backdraft damper on roof mounted exhaust fan

An interior backdraft damper can also be installed for good measure

6.6005.2e - Make-up air
Desired Outcome: Kitchen range fan installed to specification
Specification(s): If natural draft combustion appliances are present and if worst-case CAZ and/or other performance based testing is conducted and indicates a need for make-up air, make-up air will be provided in

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6.6005.2f - Combustion safety

accordance with the current version of ASHRAE 62.2 and in compliance with the authority having jurisdiction.
If natural draft combustion appliances are present and if no performance based testing is conducted, make-up air will be provided prescriptively in accordance with the current version of ASHRAE 62.2 and in compliance with the authority having jurisdiction.
Objective(s): Ensure safe operation of combustion appliances
Ensure occupant health and safety

Before
If kitchen exhaust is venting at more than 200 cfm, provide make-up air

After
A passive inlet vent can provide make-up air for kitchen exhaust

Tools:
1. Drill 2. Hole saw 3. Caulk gun

Materials:
1. Caulk sealant 2. Fasteners

6.6005.2f - Combustion safety
Desired Outcome: Kitchen range fan installed to specification
Specification(s): Pressure effects caused by fans will be assessed and corrected when found outside of combustion safety standards
Objective(s):

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Ensure safe operation of combustion appliances Ensure occupant health and safety

6.6005.2f - Combustion safety

Before
Kitchen exhaust fans can cause combustion appliances to depressurize

After
Test that combustion appliances are operating within depressurization limit

Tools: 1. Manometer

See SWS 2.0299.1a-i for CAZ depressurization limits

1

2

3

Run depressurization testing on house If appliances exceed depressuization Install a source of make-up air, such

to ensure new ventilation isn't causing limit, mitigate to reduce risk

as a passive inlet vent

unsafe conditions

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4
After mitigation, verify that depressurization limits are not being exceeded

6.6005.2f - Combustion safety

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June 22, 2018

Ventilation > Supply > Components

6.6102.1 - Outside Air Ventilation Supply Ducts
Desired Outcome: Ventilation supply ducts effectively move the required amount of air and prevent condensation Note:
6.6102.1a - Duct design and configuration
Desired Outcome: Ventilation supply ducts effectively move the required amount of air and prevent condensation
Specification(s): Ventilation ducts will be as short, straight, and smooth as possible
Ventilation ducts will not be smaller than the connections to which they are attached
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air

6.6102.1b - Duct insulation
Desired Outcome: Ventilation supply ducts effectively move the required amount of air and prevent condensation
Specification(s): Ventilation supply ducts installed outside of the thermal envelope will be insulated to a minimum of R-8 or equivalent to local codes
Objective(s): Prevent moisture condensation

6.6102.1c - Duct support

Desired Outcome: Ventilation supply ducts effectively move the required amount of air and prevent condensation
Specification(s): Flexible and duct board ducts and plenums will be supported every 4' using a minimum of 1 " wide

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6.6102.1d - Duct connections

material
Support materials will be applied in a way that does not crimp ductwork or cause the interior dimensions of the ductwork to be less than specified (e.g., ceiling, framing, strapping); duct support must be installed in accordance with authority having jurisdiction
Metal ducts will be supported by 1/2" or wider 18-gauge strapping or 12 gauge or thicker galvanized wire no less than 10' apart
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air
Preserve integrity of the ventilation supply duct system
Eliminate falling and sagging

6.6102.1d - Duct connections

Desired Outcome: Ventilation supply ducts effectively move the required amount of air and prevent condensation
Specification(s): All connections will have a contact overlap of at least 1"
Ducts will be connected and sealed as follows:
Round metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced screws
Other metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC connections will be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded- fabric systems, or tapes
Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool
Flexible duct between the cable tie and end of metal or PVC duct will be screwed PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer
specifications
Outdoor air ventilation supply ducts attached to the return side of forced air systems will be:
Attached as close to the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems fan as possible while remaining in compliance with manufacturer specifications

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6.6102.1e - Duct materials

Set up to provide filtration of outdoor ventilation air before reaching the HVAC system (for minimum MERV 6 filter)
Attached via a mechanically fastened takeoff collar
All joints and connections in ductwork will be fastened and sealed with UL181B or 181B-M welds, gaskets, adhesive mastics, or mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air
Preserve integrity of the ventilation supply duct system and building envelope

6.6102.1e - Duct materials
Desired Outcome: Ventilation supply ducts effectively move the required amount of air and prevent condensation
Specification(s): Flexible air duct material will meet UL 181, NFPA 90A/90B, International Mechanical Code, or the Uniform Mechanical Code
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air
Preserve integrity of the duct system and building envelope

6.6102.1f - Outdoor air intake location

Desired Outcome: Ventilation supply ducts effectively move the required amount of air and prevent condensation

Specification(s): Outdoor air intake will be installed in accordance with the following:

A minimum of 6" from grade A minimum of 10' from contaminant sources or exhaust outlets Above local snow or flood line A minimum of 18" above an asphalt based roof Never on a flat roof As required by authority having jurisdiction

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Objective(s): Prevent contaminants from entering house Ensure unrestricted air flow

6.6102.1f - Outdoor air intake location

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6.6102.2 - Intakes
Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants
6.6102.2a - Hole in building shell
Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants
Specification(s): A hole no greater than a 1/4" greater than the fitting will be cut to accommodate intake fitting
Objective(s): Ensure a weather tight installation

6.6102.2b - Intake fitting
Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants
Specification(s): Collar will be at least the same diameter as the duct; if collar is larger than duct, a rigid metal transition will be used
Fitting will be appropriate for regional weather conditions and installation location on house so as not to be rendered inoperable
Objective(s): Effectively draw the required volume of air from the outdoors
Preserve integrity of the building envelope
Ensure durable installation

6.6102.2c - Occupant education

Desired Outcome:

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6.6102.2d - Damper (if applicable)

Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants
Specification(s): Intake fitting will be labeled "ventilation air intake"
Occupant will be instructed to keep yard debris and other contaminants clear of the intake
Objective(s): Ensure unrestricted air flow

6.6102.2d - Damper (if applicable)
Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants
Specification(s): The damper will be installed to open in the direction of the desired flow
Damper will close when system is off
Objective(s): Ensure unrestricted air flow

6.6102.2e - Connection to intake fitting

Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants

Specification(s): Duct to intake fitting will be connected and sealed as follows:

Round metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced screws
Other metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC connections will be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems, or tapes
Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool
Flexible duct between tie band and end of metal or PVC duct will be screwed into place PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer

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6.6102.2f - Weatherproofing

specifications In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M
listed material
Ensure fasteners do not inhibit intake damper operation
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of the building envelope
Ensure a weather tight and durable intake installation
Ensure unrestricted air flow

6.6102.2f - Weatherproofing
Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants
Specification(s): Exterior termination fitting will be flashed or weather sealed Water will be directed away from penetration Installation will not inhibit damper operation Manufacturer specifications will be followed
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of the building envelope Ensure a weather tight and durable intake installation Ensure unrestricted air flow

6.6102.2g - Pest exclusion
Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants
Specification(s): Corrosion resistant screen, louver, or grille material no less than " and no greater than " hole size in any direction will be used, or as specified by authority having jurisdiction

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Screen will be installed so it does not inhibit intake damper operation Objective(s): Prevent pest entry Ensure unrestricted air flow

6.6102.2h - Intake location

6.6102.2h - Intake location
Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants
Specification(s): Intake will be installed according to the following:
A minimum of 6" from grade A minimum of 10' from contaminant sources or exhaust outlets Above local snow or flood line A minimum of 18" above an asphalt based roof Never on a flat roof As required by authority having jurisdiction
Objective(s): Prevent contaminants from entering house
Ensure unrestricted air flow

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6.6102.3 - Intake for Ventilation Air to Forced Air System Used for Heating or Cooling
Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
6.6102.3a - Forced air system requirements
Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability
Specification(s): Existing forced air system leakage to outside will be less than 10% of the air handler flow when measured at 25 pascals with reference to outside Any portion of the return located inside the combustion appliance zone will be air sealed
Objective(s): Reduce migration of pollutants
6.6102.3b - Wiring
Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability
Specification(s): Wiring will be installed in accordance with original equipment manufacturer specifications and local and national electrical and mechanical codes
Objective(s): Prevent an electrical hazard

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Ventilation > Supply > Components

6.6102.3d - Mounting intake duct

6.6102.3c - Access
Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability
Specification(s): Motorized damper and service switch will be accessible for maintenance in accordance with required code or authority having jurisdiction
Objective(s): Ensure accessibility for maintenance

6.6102.3d - Mounting intake duct
Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability
Specification(s): Ventilation duct will be attached as close to the HVAC system's fan as possible while remaining in compliance with HVAC manufacturer specifications
Filtration of ventilation air will be provided before passing through the thermal conditioning components
Duct will be connected to intake fitting
Connection and seal will be performed according to supply duct detail
Objective(s): Ensure short duct run to achieve optimum air flow
Preserve integrity of the duct system and building envelope

6.6102.3e - Motorized damper

Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability
Specification(s): A motorized damper or equivalent technology will be installed between the intake fitting and the

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Ventilation > Supply > Components

6.6102.3f - Intake filter

return side of the air handler
Air flow will be provided by sequenced operation of the damper or equivalent technology
Objective(s): Prevent air flow when none is desired

6.6102.3f - Intake filter
Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability
Specification(s): An accessible filter will be installed
Filter will be able to remove contaminants consistent with at least minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) 6 or better when tested in accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE 52.2
Filter or air cleaning systems that intentionally produce ozone will not be allowed
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety
Preserve integrity of the building envelope

6.6102.3g - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability
Specification(s): Occupant will be educated on how and when to change filter
Objective(s): Protect occupant health and safety
Preserve integrity of the building envelope

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Ventilation > Supply > Fans

6.6103.1 - Inline or Multi-Port
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
6.6103.1a - Wiring
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications
Specification(s): Wiring will be installed in accordance with original equipment manufacturer specifications, and local and national electrical and mechanical codes
Objective(s): Prevent an electrical hazard

6.6103.1b - Access
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications
Specification(s): Fan and service switch will be accessible for maintenance, service, and replacement in accordance with applicable code or authority having jurisdiction
Objective(s): Ensure accessibility for maintenance

6.6103.1c - Fan mounting

Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications
Specification(s):

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Ventilation > Supply > Fans

6.6103.1d - Damper (required for intermittent operation)

Fan will be oriented with inlet toward the fan intake fitting Fan will be oriented so the equivalent length of the duct run is as short as possible Fan will be securely mounted in accordance with manufacturer specifications Fan will be isolated from the building framing unless specifically designed to be directly attached Fan will be installed remotely by ducting from supply register or grilles Objective(s): Ensure short duct run to achieve optimum air flow Ensure fan is mounted securely Ensure fan housing or building framing does not shake, rattle, or hum when operating Minimize noise

6.6103.1d - Damper (required for intermittent operation)
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications
Specification(s): Damper will be installed to open in the direction of the desired flow
Damper will close when system is off
Objective(s): Ensure unrestricted air flow

6.6103.1e - Duct connections
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications
Specification(s): Ducts will be connected and sealed to the intake fitting, fan, and register or grilles as follows:
Metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced

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Ventilation > Supply > Fans

6.6103.1f - Filter

screws Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band
tensioning tool Flexible duct between the cable tie and end of metal or PVC duct will be screwed PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer
specifications
All joints and connections in ductwork will be fastened and sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M welds, gaskets, adhesive mastics, or mastic-plus- embedded-fabric systems
Objective(s): Provide desired air flow
Preserve integrity of the duct system and building envelope

6.6103.1f - Filter
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications
Specification(s): An accessible filter will be installed between the intake fitting and the fan
Contaminant removal will be consistent with at least minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) 6 or better when tested in accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE 52.2
Filter or air cleaning systems that intentionally produce ozone will not be allowed
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety
Preserve integrity of the building envelope

6.6103.1g - Occupant education

Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications
Specification(s):

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Ventilation > Supply > Fans

6.6103.1h - Boot to interior surface seal

Occupant will be educated on how and when to change filter
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety

6.6103.1h - Boot to interior surface seal
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications
Specification(s): All gaps between boot and interior surface will be air sealed Gypsum edge will be wetted before applying water-based sealant Sealants will be continuous and be in accordance with IRC
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage around intake housing Ensure a permanent seal to the building air barrier Prevent a fire hazard

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Ventilation > Whole Building Ventilation > Air Flow Requirements
6.6201.2 - Primary Ventilation Air Flow between Rooms
Desired Outcome: Air circulates freely between rooms
6.6201.2a - Balancing pressure
Desired Outcome: Air circulates freely between rooms Specification(s): An appropriate means of pressure balancing will be installed (e.g., transfer grilles, jumper ducts, individual room returns) No room will exceed +/- 3 pascals with reference to the common area with all interior doors closed and ventilation systems running Objective(s): Ensure free flow of air between rooms Preserve integrity of the building envelope

Before
If reading is >+/-3pa, interior ventilation needs to be installed

After
Passive door vents and individual room returns are two possibilities

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Ventilation > Whole Building Ventilation > Air Flow Requirements

6.6201.2a - Balancing pressure

1

2

With interior doors open, put reference Take baseline reading hose to exterior

3
Turn on exhaust fans and close interior doors

4
With hose under door, check pressure again. Readings >+/-3pa are no good and require interior ventilation

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Ventilation > Whole Building Ventilation > Components

6.6202.1 - Controls
Desired Outcome: Fan controls support ventilation strategy
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
6.6202.1a - Primary ventilation fan (whole-house volume)
Desired Outcome: Fan controls support ventilation strategy
Specification(s): Controls will be used that can meet the following conditions:
Run fan continuously or intermittently depending upon the intended schedule of operation Operate fan to produce the intended flow for each intended flow setting
Objective(s): Deliver intended air exchange
Ensure fan controls meet intended ventilation strategy
6.6202.1b - Local exhaust--local fan
Desired Outcome: Fan controls support ventilation strategy
Specification(s): Controls will be used that meet the following conditions:
Run fan continuously or intermittently depending on the intended schedule of operation Run fan for intended time for timed operation Operate fan to produce the intended flow for each intended flow setting
Objective(s): Deliver intended air exchange

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Ensure fan controls meet intended ventilation strategy

6.6202.1c - Wiring

6.6202.1c - Wiring
Desired Outcome: Fan controls support ventilation strategy
Specification(s): Wiring will be installed in accordance with original equipment manufacturer specifications, and local and national electrical and mechanical codes
Objective(s): Prevent an electrical hazard
Ensure fan controls meet intended ventilation strategy

6.6202.1d - Manual override
Desired Outcome: Fan controls support ventilation strategy
Specification(s): A labeled switch for manual override will be included for the ventilation system
Objective(s): Ensure fan controls meet intended ventilation strategy

6.6202.1e - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Fan controls support ventilation strategy
Specification(s): A system operation guide designed for occupants (non-professionals) will be provided to explain how and why to operate system
A label indicating the presence and purpose of the ventilation system will be included or a copy of the system operation guide will be posted at the electrical panel

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Objective(s): Educate occupants about system operation and importance Deliver intended air exchange

6.6202.1e - Occupant education

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Ventilation > Whole Building Ventilation > Components
6.6202.2 - Heat Recovery Ventilator (HRV) and Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV) Installation
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
6.6202.2a - Wiring
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications
Specification(s): Wiring will be installed in accordance with original equipment manufacturer specifications, and local and national electrical and mechanical codes
Objective(s): Prevent an electrical hazard
6.6202.2b - Access
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications
Specification(s): Fans, service switch, filters, drain, and drain pan will be accessible for maintenance in accordance with authority having jurisdiction
Objective(s): Maintain designed air flows and system performance Ensure occupant health and safety

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Ventilation > Whole Building Ventilation > Components

6.6202.2d - Backdraft dampers (required for intermittent operation)

6.6202.2c - Fan mounting
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications
Specification(s): Fan will be securely mounted in accordance with manufacturer specifications
Fan will be oriented so the equivalent length of the duct run is as short as possible; calculate "equivalent length" in accordance with ANSI/ACCA Manual D (Residential Duct Systems)
Fan will be isolated from the building framing unless specifically designed to be directly attached
Objective(s): Ensure short duct runs achieve optimum air flows
Ensure fan is mounted securely
Ensure fan housing or building framing does not shake, rattle, or hum when operating
Minimize noise

6.6202.2d - Backdraft dampers (required for intermittent operation)
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications
Specification(s): A backdraft damper will be installed between the heat recovery ventilator (HRV) or energy recovery ventilator (ERV) and the exterior, unless the system operates continuously
Outdoor air intakes and exhausts will be equipped with automatic or gravity dampers that close when the ventilation system is not operating
Objective(s): Prevent reverse air flow when the system is off

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Ventilation > Whole Building Ventilation > Components

6.6202.2f - Duct connections

6.6202.2e - Installation of fittings
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications
Specification(s): Collar will be at least the same diameter as the exhaust fan outlet; if collar is larger than exhaust fan outlet, a rigid metal transition will be used
Fitting will be appropriate for regional weather conditions and installation location on house so as not to be rendered inoperable
Objective(s): Achieve the desired air flows to and from the designated locations
Ensure unrestricted air flow
Preserve integrity of the building envelope

6.6202.2f - Duct connections
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications
Specification(s): Ducts will be connected to applicable registers or grilles, collector box, HRV or ERV, intake fitting, and termination fitting
Ducts will be connected and sealed as follows:
Metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced screws
Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool
Flexible duct between tie band and end of metal or PVC duct will be screwed into place PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer
specifications In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M
listed material

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Ventilation > Whole Building Ventilation > Components

6.6202.2g - Duct layout

Objective(s): Achieve the desired air flows to and from the desired locations
Preserve integrity of the duct system and building envelope

6.6202.2g - Duct layout
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications
Specification(s): Air to be exhausted to the outdoors will not be taken directly from the forced air system
Supply ducts attached to the return side of forced air systems will be:
Attached as close to the HVAC system's fan as possible while remaining in compliance with manufacturer specifications
Set up to provide filtration of outdoor ventilation air before reaching the HVAC system with minimum MERV 6 filter
Connected to the intake fitting Connected and sealed in accordance with the supply duct detail
Objective(s): Achieve the desired air flows to and from the desired locations
Preserve integrity of duct system and house
Ensure occupant health and safety

6.6202.2h - Insulation

Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications
Specification(s): Ducts installed outside of the thermal envelope will be insulated to a minimum of R-8 or equivalent to local codes
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of the duct system by eliminating condensation

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6.6202.2i - Sealant selection

6.6202.2i - Sealant selection
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications
Specification(s): Gap between registers or grilles and interior surface will be sealed Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage around registers or grilles Ensure a permanent seal Prevent a fire hazard
6.6202.2j - Balance and flow
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications
Specification(s): Air flows will be measured and adjusted to match to the system's intent
Objective(s): Achieve the desired air flows to and from the desired locations
6.6202.2k - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications
Specification(s): Occupant will be educated on how and when to change filter and clean drain pan, if applicable, according to manufacturer specifications

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Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety Preserve integrity of system

6.6202.2k - Occupant education

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Ventilation > Additional Resources > Codes and Standards Resources
6.9901.1 - Supplemental Ventilation Information--ASHRAE 62.2
Desired Outcome: To provide supplemental ventilation information--ASHRAE 62.2
6.9901.1a - Ventilation fan flow rate
Desired Outcome: To provide supplemental ventilation information--ASHRAE 62.2 Specification(s): ASHRAE Standard 62.2 and the calculation of the infiltration credit allow adjustments to primary ventilation fan flow rates for existing houses using a single fan. Objective(s): To provide supplemental ventilation information--ASHRAE 62.2

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Baseload > Plug Load > Refrigerators/Freezers

7.8001.1 - Refrigerator and Freezer Replacement
Desired Outcome: A more energy efficient appliance installed
7.8001.1a - Selection
Desired Outcome: A more energy efficient appliance installed
Specification(s): Appliance shall be ENERGY STAR qualified or at least as energy efficient Appliance will fit in the available space without blocking access to light switches, cabinets, etc. Appliance will carry a minimum one-year warranty that will provide a replacement appliance if repeated issues relating to health, safety, or performance occur
Objective(s): Energy efficient appliance installed

7.8001.1b - Installation

Desired Outcome: A more energy efficient appliance installed

Specification(s): Appliance will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications and local codes
Any penetrations to the exterior of the home created by the installation of the appliance will be sealed

Energy-related appliance controls will be demonstrated to the occupant Specific information on the proper maintenance of the equipment will be provided to the occupant

Warranty information, operation manuals, and installer contact information will be provided to the occupant

Objective(s):

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Baseload > Plug Load > Refrigerators/Freezers
Achieve intended appliance function Preserve food at low energy use Educate occupant on how to operate and maintain the appliance

7.8001.1c - Decommissioning

7.8001.1c - Decommissioning
Desired Outcome: A more energy efficient appliance installed
Specification(s): Appliances replaced by new units will be recycled or disposed of in accordance with federal, state, or local regulations
Appliances infested with pests will be enclosed before moving
Objective(s): Prevent reuse of inefficient equipment and components
Protect the environment
Protect worker safety

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Baseload > Plug Load > Refrigerators/Freezers
7.8001.2 - Cleaning and Tuning Existing Refrigerators and Freezers
Desired Outcome: Energy used for food preservation reduced
7.8001.2a - Clean and tune
Desired Outcome: Energy used for food preservation reduced
Specification(s): Dirty or clogged coils will be cleaned Air flow to the coils will be provided in accordance with manufacturer specifications Appliance will be located away from heat sources (e.g., supply registers, direct sunlight) if possible Interior temperatures will be measured, and the appliance must maintain:
Freezer temperature at 0 Fresh food at 35-40 Specific information about the proper maintenance of the equipment will be provided to the occupant Condensation control switch will be left in the appropriate position, given occupant preference and moisture load in the house
Objective(s): Reduce energy use Improve performance Educate occupant on how to operate and maintain the appliance

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Baseload > Water Heating > Water Use Reduction

7.8101.1 - Shower Head and Faucet Aerator
Desired Outcome: Energy and water use reduced while occupant needs for water flow maintained
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
7.8101.1a - Work assessment
Desired Outcome: Energy and water use reduced while occupant needs for water flow maintained
Specification(s): Installer pre-work assessment will be conducted to determine if plumbing needs correction before installing high-efficiency shower head or faucet
Objective(s): Verify scope of work

7.8101.1b - Selection
Desired Outcome: Energy and water use reduced while occupant needs for water flow maintained
Specification(s): The rated flow of new shower heads will be 2.5 gallons per minute (GPM) or less
If multiple heads are provided, the total flow rate will not exceed 2.5 GPM
Aerator flow rate will be 2.2 GPM or less
Features will be selected that meet any special needs of the occupant (e.g., shut off, swivel, handheld showers)
Objective(s): Reduce water and energy consumption
Ensure occupant satisfaction

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Baseload > Water Heating > Water Use Reduction

7.8101.1d - Decommissioning

7.8101.1c - Installation
Desired Outcome: Energy and water use reduced while occupant needs for water flow maintained
Specification(s): Equipment will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications and meet all applicable building codes
Water quality will be evaluated for debris that may clog the equipment
Once installed, high-efficiency shower heads or faucet aerators will be tested to determine if equipment is tightened adequately to prevent leakage at the point of connection
If needed, shower diverter will be repaired or replaced
Any penetrations to the exterior of the home created by the installation of the equipment will be sealed
Any damage done to the house during installation will be repaired
Specific information about proper maintenance of the equipment will be provided to the occupant
Warranty information, operation manuals, and installer contact information will be provided to the occupant
Water flow that satisfies the occupant will be provided by all shower heads and faucet aerators
Occupant's acceptance of the shower head and/or aerator will be documented
Objective(s): Reduce water and energy consumption
Ensure occupant satisfaction with water flow
Eliminate water leakage
Prevent water damage

7.8101.1d - Decommissioning
Desired Outcome:

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7.8101.1d - Decommissioning

Energy and water use reduced while occupant needs for water flow maintained
Specification(s): Replaced shower heads and faucet aerators will be recycled or disposed of properly
Objective(s): Prevent the reuse of inefficient equipment and components

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Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement

7.8102.1 - Water Heater Selection
Desired Outcome: Safe, reliable, and efficient hot water source selected that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership and operation

7.8102.1a - Selection parameters
Desired Outcome: Safe, reliable, and efficient hot water source selected that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership and operation
Specification(s): Equipment will provide sufficient, affordable, safe, and healthy hot water for the occupant in accordance with IRC
Potential for solar hot water heating or other renewable energy systems will be assessed in selecting the hot water equipment
Potential for health and safety hazards (e.g., backdrafting, flame rollout, obstructions) will be assessed in selecting equipment and the cost of remedying such problems will be included in any cost and benefit calculations
If a combustion based system is selected, it will be either direct vented or power vented, and ENERGY STAR qualified or an Energy Factor (EF) of 0.58 or higher
If combustion equipment is selected, a low nitrogen oxide burner will be included
Equipment will be functional at high efficiency under all load conditions
Standby losses will be reduced to maximum potential
Fuel type will be selected based on affordability to occupant
Equipment will be freeze resistant or installed in a conditioned space
Efficiency of equipment will be maintained throughout life of system
Occupant control of hot water temperature will be provided on the equipment
The following will be determined from the occupant:

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Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement

7.8102.1b - Product selection

Lifestyle Current and future needs Space considerations Fuel options Health and safety considerations Appliance options Maintenance and operation costs Return on investment concerns
Objective(s): Save energy and water
Protect the environment
Identify appliance options based on the needs and wants of the occupant

7.8102.1b - Product selection
Desired Outcome: Safe, reliable, and efficient hot water source selected that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership and operation
Specification(s): Water heater will be selected based on performance requirements of the occupant, available fuel sources, energy efficiency, and total life cycle cost
In very cold climates, on-demand water heaters will be sized to meet the demand of water flow at very low water intake temperatures
When evaluating an existing thermal solar water heating system, a solar expert should be consulted
The proper installation and maintenance of solar hot water systems is provided in the Uniform Solar Energy Code (USEC) and IRC
Objective(s): Ensure equipment meets the occupant's expectations while providing efficient energy and water use

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Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement
7.8102.2 - Storage-Type Appliance
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
7.8102.2e - Expansion tank
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): Expansion tanks will be installed where required and in accordance with the AHJ
Objective(s): Protect the storage tank from expansion

Bad Practice
Need to eliminate the valves between the storage tank and expansion tank

Safe
Expansion tank is installed on the cold water supply side

Appropriate licensing for installer required. This specification applies only in the case of new and/or replacement systems.

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7.8102.2f - Temperature and pressure relief valve

7.8102.2f - Temperature and pressure relief valve
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): Correct temperature and pressure relief valve will be installed in compliance with IRC and according to manufacturer specifications
Temperature and pressure relief valve discharge tube will be installed in accordance with IRC
Objective(s): Discharge excessive energy (pressure or temperature) from storage tank to safe location

Before
Water heaters should be not capped off at t&p valve

After
T&P discharge should be piped to a safe and observable location

Tools:
1. Pipe wrench 2. Hacksaw

Materials:
1. PVC 2. Plumber's epoxy

Check local jurisdictional codes. Paraphrased from 2012 IRC P2803.6.1: Temperature and pressure relief valve discharge pipes should not be connected to drainage system. T&P discharge pipes should be a clean line without valve or tee, flowing with gravity to an observable and safe location that cannot cause personal injury or structural damage -- the floor, an existing drain pan, a waste receptor, or to the outdoors. Pipe should not terminate more than 6" from floor, pan or waste receptor.

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Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement

7.8102.2k - Discharge temperature

GOOD: T&P discharge should be piped within 6" of the floor or to outdoors

BAD: T&P discharge should flow with BAD: T&P discharge should not be

gravity and be observable

piped into drainage system

7.8102.2k - Discharge temperature
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): Discharge temperature will be set not to exceed 120 or as prescribed by local code
Objective(s): Ensure safe hot water supply temperature to fixtures

Unsafe
Water heaters producing water over 120 degrees raise heating costs
Tools: 1. Thermometer

Safe
Water heaters should produce water under 120 degrees to prevent scalding

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7.8102.2k - Discharge temperature

1
Test temperature of hot water at faucets in house

2
Hot water temperatures should not exceed 120 degrees Fahrenheit

3
Adjust water heater settings and insulate as needed

4
After adjustment and insulation, retest to verify temp is under 120 degrees

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Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement

7.8102.3 - On-Demand Appliance
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
7.8102.3a - Hazardous material removal
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): Health concerns in the removal and replacement of equipment (e.g., asbestos, other hazardous materials) will be identified
Written notification will be provided to occupants of the discovery of hazardous material, including contact information for regional EPA asbestos coordinator
Occupants will be asked to contract with an EPA-certified asbestos contractor to conduct abatement before equipment removal and replacement (occupant is responsible for abatement or remediation)
Objective(s): Remediate health hazards using EPA-certified contractors

7.8102.3b - Equipment removal

Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): Accepted industry procedures and practices will be followed to:
Remove old water heater and associated components in accordance with IRC Seal any unused chimney openings and penetrations in accordance with IRC

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Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement

7.8102.3c - New equipment installation

Remove unused oil tank, lines, valves, and associated equipment in accordance with IRC
All work shall be completed by a licensed plumbing professional where required by the authority having jurisdiction and installed to industry-accepted standards
Objective(s): Ensure the safety of the workers and occupants
Preserve integrity of the building
Remove old equipment in a timely and efficient manner

7.8102.3c - New equipment installation
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): A new water heater and associated components will be installed to accepted industry standards, in accordance with the IRC, authority having jurisdiction and manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Ensure the safety of the workers and occupants
Preserve integrity of the building
Remove old equipment in a timely and efficient manner

7.8102.3d - Emergency drain pan
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): An emergency drain pan and drain line shall be installed in accordance with the IRC
Objective(s): Collect and safely dispose of water escaping from the storage tank

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Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement

7.8102.3e - Temperature and pressure relief valve

7.8102.3e - Temperature and pressure relief valve
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): Correct temperature and pressure relief valve will be installed in compliance with IRC and according to manufacturer specifications
Temperature and pressure relief valve discharge tube will be installed in accordance with IRC
Objective(s): Discharge excessive energy (pressure or temperature) from storage tank to safe location

7.8102.3f - Dielectric unions
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): Dielectric unions will be installed to accepted industry standards, in accordance with the IRC and according to manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Break the stray voltage electrical circuit through the storage tank

7.8102.3g - Backflow prevention and pressure regulator
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): Backflow prevention will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications
House water pressure and volume will be verified as sufficient to be in accordance with

GA Wx Field Guide Georgia Environmental Finance Authority

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June 22, 2018

Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement
manufacturer specifications All applicable codes will be followed Objective(s): Protect the water supply from contamination Provide for sufficient volume and pressure

7.8102.3h - Thermal efficiency

7.8102.3h - Thermal efficiency
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): Any accessible hot water lines at the appliance will be insulated to meet IRC or local requirements, whichever is greater.
Objective(s): Reduce line losses

7.8102.3i - Required combustion air
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): Electric or fossil fuel supply components will be installed to accepted industry standards as per IRC , NFGC and NFPA 31 and 54 for gas and oil, or NEC for electric
Energy input required by the appliance will be in accordance with manufacturer specifications
All on-demand appliances will be installed per manufacturer recommendations/specifications
Objective(s): Ensure adequate combustion air for operation of the appliance

GA Wx Field Guide Georgia Environmental Finance Authority

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June 22, 2018

Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement

7.8102.3k - Flue gas testing

7.8102.3j - Venting of flue gases
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): Combustion byproducts will be removed in accordance with IRC, authority having jurisdiction, and manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Ensure the safety and durability of the venting system

7.8102.3k - Flue gas testing
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): Undiluted flue gases will be checked with a calibrated combustion analyzer in accordance with BPI-1100-T
If combustion is not in compliance with BPI-1100-T, diagnostics and adjustments will be done to manufacturer specifications or local codes
Objective(s): Confirm that combustion is occurring safely with maximum efficiency

7.8102.3l - Electric and fossil fuel supply
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): Electric or fossil fuel supply components will be installed to accepted industry standards as per IRC, NFGC and NFPA 31 and 54 for gas and oil, or NEC for electric

GA Wx Field Guide Georgia Environmental Finance Authority

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June 22, 2018

Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement

7.8102.3m - Cold water supply

Energy input required by the appliance will be in accordance with manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Provide sufficient fuel to the water heater burner or element

7.8102.3m - Cold water supply
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): The volume and pressure of the water supplied to the appliance will be in accordance with manufacturer specifications
Objective(s): Provide sufficient volume and pressure of water to the appliance

7.8102.3n - Discharge temperature
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): Discharge temperature will be set in accordance with manufacturer instructions and in compliance with local codes
Use extreme caution when temperature setting is above 120F
Objective(s): Ensure safe hot water supply temperature to fixtures

7.8102.3o - Commissioning of system
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership

GA Wx Field Guide Georgia Environmental Finance Authority

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June 22, 2018

Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement

7.8102.3p - Ambient carbon monoxide (CO)

Specification(s): The following will be checked once the system has been connected and filled:
Safety controls Combustion safety and efficiency Operational controls Fuel and water leaks Cycle unit Local code requirements
Manufacturer specifications and all relevant industry standards will be met in commissioning
Objective(s): Ensure system functions safely with lowest possible cost of ownership

7.8102.3p - Ambient carbon monoxide (CO)
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): All homes will have a CO alarm
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety

7.8102.3q - Occupant education
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership
Specification(s): Completed work will be reviewed
Occupants will be educated on the safe and efficient operation and maintenance of the system, including:

GA Wx Field Guide Georgia Environmental Finance Authority

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June 22, 2018

Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement

7.8102.3q - Occupant education

Adjustment of water temperature and target temperature in accordance with local code Operation of backflow preventer and pressure regulator (no occupant maintenance required) Importance of keeping operating manuals accessible
Objective(s): Ensure occupant is informed of the safe, efficient operation and maintenance of the system

GA Wx Field Guide Georgia Environmental Finance Authority

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June 22, 2018

Baseload > Water Heating > Maintenance/Inspection
7.8103.1 - Storage-Type Appliance
Desired Outcome: Safe, reliable, and efficient operation of the appliance maintained
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail.
7.8103.1a - Health and safety
Desired Outcome: Safe, reliable, and efficient operation of the appliance maintained
Specification(s): Combustion safety testing will be performed in accordance with the Health and Safety Chapter of the Standard Work Specifications for Single Family Housing or other equivalent practice
Electrical components will be verified to comply with NEC (e.g., no electrical box connector, no disconnect, improperly sized breaker and wire)
Objective(s): Identify potential health and safety issues

Before
Complete combustion safety testing to ensure healthy, safe work environment

After
When completed work, retest to verify home is still healthy and safe

GA Wx Field Guide Georgia Environmental Finance Authority

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June 22, 2018

Baseload > Water Heating > Maintenance/Inspection

7.8103.1c - Thermal efficiency

Tools:
1. Personal CO monitor 2. Combustion analyzer with probe 3. Manometer 4. Smoke pencil

Materials:
1. CO alarm 2. Fasteners

See also SWS 2.0201.1a-2.0299.1i for all Combustion Safety details and SWS 2.0100.1d for General Electrical Safety.

7.8103.1c - Thermal efficiency
Desired Outcome: Safe, reliable, and efficient operation of the appliance maintained
Specification(s): Water heater storage tanks shall have a minimum R-value of R-24, unless the SIR to add insulation is less than 1.0
Added insulation will not obstruct the unit's draft diverter, pressure relief valve, thermostats, hi-limit switch, plumbing pipes or elements, and thermostat access plates
The first 6' of inlet and outlet piping will be insulated in accordance with IRC or local requirements, whichever is greater
Objective(s): Reduce standby losses from near tank piping and storage tank
Ensure insulation does not make contact with flue gas venting

Standard water heaters have built-in insulation ranging from R-7 to R-20.
GA Wx Field Guide Georgia Environmental Finance Authority

Best Practice
Storage-type water heaters should be wrapped to bring total value to R-24
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June 22, 2018

Baseload > Water Heating > Maintenance/Inspection

7.8103.1e - Temperature and pressure relief valve

Tools: 1. Utility knife

Materials:
1. Pipe wrap 2. Water heater blanket 3. Foil tape 4. Long zip ties

Check occupant's water heater model to see what R-value is built-in

Blanket does not obstruct draft diverter or plumbing pipes and elements

Wrap does not obstruct ventilation, thermostat access plate, hi-limit switch, or fuel line

Data plate should still be accessible after wrapping

Both hot and cold water pipes should be insulated to R-3 for first 6ft

7.8103.1e - Temperature and pressure relief valve
Desired Outcome: Safe, reliable, and efficient operation of the appliance maintained
Specification(s): Correct temperature and pressure relief valve will be installed in compliance with IRC and according to manufacturer specifications
Temperature and pressure relief valve discharge tube will be installed in accordance with IRC

GA Wx Field Guide Georgia Environmental Finance Authority

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June 22, 2018

Baseload > Water Heating > Maintenance/Inspection

7.8103.1e - Temperature and pressure relief valve

Objective(s): Discharge excessive energy (pressure or temperature) from storage tank to safe location

Before
Water heaters should be not capped off at t&p valve

After
T&P discharge should be piped to a safe and observable location

Tools:
1. Pipe wrench 2. Hacksaw

Materials:
1. PVC 2. Plumber's epoxy

Check local jurisdictional codes. Paraphrased from 2012 IRC P2803.6.1: Temperature and pressure relief valve discharge pipes should not be connected to drainage system. T&P discharge pipes should be a clean line without valve or tee, flowing with gravity to an observable and safe location that cannot cause personal injury or structural damage -- the floor, an existing drain pan, a waste receptor, or to the outdoors. Pipe should not terminate more than 6" from floor, pan or waste receptor.

GOOD: T&P discharge should be piped within 6" of the floor or to outdoors

BAD: T&P discharge should flow with BAD: T&P discharge should not be

gravity and be observable

piped into drainage system

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June 22, 2018