Georgia Weatherization Assistance Program Single Family Field Guide 
June 2018 
Standard Work Specifications Field Guide for 
Single-Family Homes 
created by the 
Georgia Environmental Finance Authority 
 
 Page Intentionally Left Blank 
 
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 Summary 
The Georgia Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP) Single Family Field Guide was developed to align with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Standard Work Specifications (SWS) for Single Family Home Energy Upgrades and to support and promote high quality work. This guide was created through a collaborative effort between Southface Energy Institute, Santa Fe Community College, and other participating DOE Weatherization Training Centers. It includes text and photo guides to assist Retrofit Installer Technicians, Crew Leaders, Energy Auditors, and Quality Control Inspectors with effectively performing the tasks required by the WAP. All sections in this Field Guide follow the requirements set forth by the SWS. All tasks and methods outlined in this Field Guide define measure installation and diagnostic testing best practices that should be followed throughout the state. 
Codes and Standards 
While the SWS and Georgia Weatherization Single Family Field Guide will help identify the desired outcomes of energy efficiency measures in a weatherization or home energy upgrade project, they are not a replacement for the codes and/or technical standards mandated by a particular jurisdiction. State, local, or municipal code or ordinance has legal precedence and users should obtain copies of the applicable codes and standards for their jurisdiction before performing the work. 
 
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2 Health and Safety 
2.01 Safe Work Practices 
2.0100 Safe Work Practices 
2.0100.1 Global Worker Safety 2.0100.1b Hand protection ................................................................................................................ 20 2.0100.1c Respiratory protection ...................................................................................................... 21 2.0100.1d Electrical safety ................................................................................................................ 23 2.0100.1e Carbon monoxide (CO) .................................................................................................... 24 2.0100.1f Personal Protective Equipment ........................................................................................ 25 2.0100.1g Confined space safety ...................................................................................................... 26 2.0100.1j Ergonomic safety.............................................................................................................. 28 2.0100.1m Thermal stress.................................................................................................................. 28 
2.0103 Heating and Cooling Equipment 
2.0103.1 Combustion Worker Safety 2.0103.1b Carbon monoxide (CO) .................................................................................................... 30 2.0103.1c Raw fuel............................................................................................................................ 30 
2.0106 Material Safety 
2.0106.1 Material Selection, Labeling, and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) 2.0106.1a Material selection ............................................................................................................. 33 2.0106.1b Material labels .................................................................................................................. 33 2.0106.1c Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) ............................................................................. 33 
2.0107 Basements and Crawl Spaces 
2.0107.2 Basements and Crawl Spaces--Pre-Work Qualifications 2.0107.2a Fuel leaks ......................................................................................................................... 35 2.0107.3 Basements and Crawl Spaces--Debris Removal 2.0107.3a Debris removal ................................................................................................................. 37 
2.02 Combustion Safety 
2.0201 Combustion Safety General 
2.0201.1 Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Testing 2.0201.1a Assessment ...................................................................................................................... 38 2.0201.1b Fuel leak detection ........................................................................................................... 39 2.0201.1c Venting ............................................................................................................................. 41 2.0201.1d Base pressure test ........................................................................................................... 42 2.0201.1e Depressurization test........................................................................................................ 43 2.0201.2 Combustion Safety - Make-up Air 2.0201.2a Outside combustion make-up air...................................................................................... 46 2.0201.2b New appliances ................................................................................................................ 47 2.0201.2c CO detection and warning equipment .............................................................................. 47 2.0201.2d Gas ovens ........................................................................................................................ 48 2.0201.2e Gas range burners ........................................................................................................... 49 2.0201.2f Solid fuel burning appliances ........................................................................................... 50 
 
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2.0201.3 Vented Combustion Appliance Safety Testing 2.0201.3a Spillage Test..................................................................................................................... 52 2.0201.3b Carbon monoxide (CO) test in appliance vent ................................................................. 52 
2.0202 Unvented Space Heaters 
2.0202.1 Unvented Space Heaters: Propane, Natural Gas, and Kerosene Heaters 2.0202.1a Removal ........................................................................................................................... 55 2.0202.1b Occupant education ......................................................................................................... 55 
2.0203 Vented Gas Appliances 
2.0203.1 Combustion Air for Natural Draft Appliances 2.0203.1a Required combustion air .................................................................................................. 56 2.0203.1b Additional combustion air (if action is required)................................................................ 56 2.0203.1c Spillage testing ................................................................................................................. 56 2.0203.2 Combustion Flue Gas--Orphaned Water Heaters 2.0203.2a Spillage testing ................................................................................................................. 58 2.0203.2b Flue gas removal (chimney liner or approved methods) .................................................. 58 2.0203.2c Retesting spillage ............................................................................................................. 60 2.0203.4 Occupant Education 2.0203.4a Occupant health and safety.............................................................................................. 62 2.0203.4b Occupant education ......................................................................................................... 62 
2.03 Safety Devices 
2.0301 Combustion Safety Devices 
2.0301.1 Smoke Alarm 2.0301.1a Smoke alarm (hardwired) ................................................................................................. 64 2.0301.1b Smoke alarm (battery operated)....................................................................................... 64 2.0301.2 Carbon Monoxide Alarm or Monitor 2.0301.2a CO detection and warning equipment (hardwired) ........................................................... 65 2.0301.2b CO detection and warning equipment (battery operated) ................................................ 65 
2.04 Moisture 
2.0403 Vapor Barriers 
2.0403.1 Vented Crawl Spaces--Ground Moisture Barrier 2.0403.1b Coverage .......................................................................................................................... 66 2.0403.1c Material specification ........................................................................................................ 66 2.0403.1d Overlap seams ................................................................................................................. 67 2.0403.1e Fastening.......................................................................................................................... 68 2.0403.2 Closed Crawl Spaces--Ground Moisture Barriers 2.0403.2b Coverage .......................................................................................................................... 71 2.0403.2c Material specification ........................................................................................................ 72 2.0403.2d Overlap seams ................................................................................................................. 73 2.0403.2e Fastening.......................................................................................................................... 74 2.0403.2f Sealing seams .................................................................................................................. 75 
 
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2.05 Radon 
2.0501 Air Sealing 
2.0501.1 Radon--Air Sealing Considerations, Basements, and Crawl spaces 2.0501.1a Radon testing and mitigation ............................................................................................ 77 
2.06 Electrical 
2.0601 Knob and Tube Wiring 
2.0601.1 Knob and Tube Wiring 2.0601.1a Knob and tube identification ............................................................................................. 78 2.0601.1b Live wire testing................................................................................................................ 78 2.0601.1c Isolation and protection .................................................................................................... 79 2.0601.1d Replacement .................................................................................................................... 81 
2.07 Occupant Education and Access 
2.0701 Basements and Crawl Spaces 
2.0701.1 Crawl Spaces--Providing New Access 2.0701.1a Crawl Spaces - Providing New Access ............................................................................ 84 2.0701.1b Security............................................................................................................................. 84 2.0701.2 Crawl Space Information Sign 2.0701.2a Sign specifications............................................................................................................ 85 2.0701.2b Sign content ..................................................................................................................... 85 2.0701.2c Hazard warning ................................................................................................................ 87 
3 Air Sealing 
3.10 Attics 
3.1001 Penetrations and Chases 
3.1001.1 Penetrations and Chases 3.1001.1d High temperature application ........................................................................................... 89 3.1001.2 Chase Capping 3.1001.2a Pre-inspection .................................................................................................................. 91 3.1001.2b Standard chase (interior walls covered with drywall or plaster) ....................................... 92 3.1001.2c Non-standard chase (interior walls covered with wood or paneling) ................................ 93 3.1001.2d Support ............................................................................................................................. 94 3.1001.2e Joint seal .......................................................................................................................... 96 3.1001.2f Adjacent framing .............................................................................................................. 97 3.1001.3 Walls Open to Attic--Balloon Framing and Double Walls 3.1001.3b Sealing methods............................................................................................................... 99 3.1001.3c Support ........................................................................................................................... 101 3.1001.3d Joint seal ........................................................................................................................ 102 3.1001.3e Adjacent framing ............................................................................................................ 103 3.1001.10 Non-Insulation Contact (IC) Recessed Light 3.1001.10a Air barrier system ........................................................................................................... 105 3.1001.10b Enclosure top ................................................................................................................. 105 3.1001.10c Clearance ....................................................................................................................... 106 3.1001.10d Sealants and weather stripping ...................................................................................... 106 
 
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3.1003 Dropped Ceilings and Soffits 
3.1003.1 New Ceiling Below Original--Old Ceiling Intact or Repairable 3.1003.1b Sealing methods............................................................................................................. 107 3.1003.1c Support ........................................................................................................................... 109 3.1003.1d Joint seal ........................................................................................................................ 111 3.1003.1e Adjacent framing ............................................................................................................ 112 
3.1003.2 Ceiling Leaks Not Repairable--No Air Barrier Above 3.1003.2c Support ........................................................................................................................... 114 3.1003.2d Joint seal ........................................................................................................................ 115 3.1003.2e Adjacent framing ............................................................................................................ 116 
3.1003.3 Above Closets and Tubs 3.1003.3b Above closets and tubs .................................................................................................. 118 3.1003.3c Support ........................................................................................................................... 120 3.1003.3d Joint seal ........................................................................................................................ 122 3.1003.3e Adjacent framing ............................................................................................................ 123 
3.1003.4 Dropped Ceilings 3.1003.4c Support ........................................................................................................................... 125 3.1003.4d Joint seal ........................................................................................................................ 126 3.1003.4e Adjacent framing ............................................................................................................ 127 
3.1003.6 Dropped Soffits 3.1003.6b Soffit general .................................................................................................................. 129 3.1003.6c Option 1: bring soffit inside (seal at top) ......................................................................... 130 3.1003.6d Option 2: leave soffit outside (seal at bottom or side) .................................................... 131 
3.1005 Other Ceiling Materials 
3.1005.1 Tongue and Groove Ceilings 3.1005.1a Pre-inspection ................................................................................................................ 134 3.1005.1b Backing........................................................................................................................... 134 3.1005.1c Sealant selection ............................................................................................................ 134 
3.12 Windows and Doors 
3.1201 Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing 
3.1201.1 Double-Hung Wood Windows 3.1201.1a Lead paint assessment .................................................................................................. 136 3.1201.1d Replacement sills ........................................................................................................... 137 
3.1201.2 Single-Unit Window and Fixed Frame with Wood Sash 3.1201.2a Lead paint assessment .................................................................................................. 140 
3.1201.3 Exterior Doors 3.1201.3a Lead paint assessment .................................................................................................. 143 3.1201.3b Door operation and fit ..................................................................................................... 144 3.1201.3c Air infiltration................................................................................................................... 146 3.1201.3d Water infiltration.............................................................................................................. 147 
3.1202 Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 
3.1202.1 Fixed Frame with Wood Sash--Older House 3.1202.1a Lead paint assessment .................................................................................................. 149 3.1202.1b Broken glass removal ..................................................................................................... 150 
 
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3.1202.1c Sash preparation ............................................................................................................ 152 3.1202.1d New glass installation ..................................................................................................... 153 
3.1202.2 Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening--Newer House 3.1202.2a Lead paint assessment .................................................................................................. 156 3.1202.2b Broken glass removal ..................................................................................................... 157 3.1202.2c Opening preparation....................................................................................................... 159 3.1202.2d New glass installation ..................................................................................................... 160 
3.1203 Replacement 
3.1203.1 Replacement Window in Existing Window Frame 3.1203.1a Lead paint assessment .................................................................................................. 163 3.1203.1b Opening preparation....................................................................................................... 164 3.1203.1c Replacement window installation ................................................................................... 165 
3.1203.2 Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening--Newer House 3.1203.2a Lead paint assessment .................................................................................................. 168 3.1203.2b Opening preparation....................................................................................................... 170 3.1203.2c Replacement unit preparation ........................................................................................ 171 3.1203.2d Replacement window installation ................................................................................... 172 
3.14 Basements and Crawl Spaces 
3.1402 Crawl Spaces 
3.1402.1 Crawl Spaces--Sealing Floor Penetrations 3.1402.1a Backing and infill ............................................................................................................ 175 3.1402.1b Sealant selection ............................................................................................................ 176 3.1402.1c High temperature application ......................................................................................... 177 
3.1402.3 Closed Crawl Spaces--Air Sealing Exterior Wall 3.1402.3a Seal penetrations ........................................................................................................... 180 3.1402.3b Pest exclusion ................................................................................................................ 181 
3.15 Attached Garages 
3.1501 Garage Openings 
3.1501.1 Penetrations, Cracks, and Doors Between Garage and House 3.1501.1a Penetrations ................................................................................................................... 183 3.1501.1b Ductwork......................................................................................................................... 183 3.1501.1c Cracks ............................................................................................................................ 185 3.1501.1d Garage to house door .................................................................................................... 186 3.1501.1e Glass .............................................................................................................................. 188 3.1501.1f Carbon monoxide (CO) alarm ........................................................................................ 190 3.1501.1g Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 190 
3.16 Ducts 
3.1601 Duct Preparation 
3.1601.1 Preparation and Mechanical Fastening 3.1601.1a Preparation ..................................................................................................................... 192 3.1601.1b Metal to metal ................................................................................................................. 192 3.1601.1c Flex to metal ................................................................................................................... 193 3.1601.1d Duct board to duct board ................................................................................................ 193 
 
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3.1601.1e Flexible duct to duct board ............................................................................................. 193 3.1601.1f Metal plenum to air handler cabinet ............................................................................... 193 3.1601.1g Duct board plenum to air handler cabinet ...................................................................... 194 3.1601.1h Boot to wood .................................................................................................................. 194 3.1601.1i Boot to gypsum .............................................................................................................. 194 3.1601.1j Flex to duct board........................................................................................................... 195 
3.1601.2 Duct Preparation for SPF Application 3.1601.2a Inspection ....................................................................................................................... 196 3.1601.2b Repair ............................................................................................................................. 196 
3.1601.3 Support 3.1601.3a Support (applies to all duct types) .................................................................................. 198 
3.1602 Duct Sealing 
3.1602.1 Air Sealing Duct System 3.1602.1c Existing component to existing component .................................................................... 200 
3.1602.2 Duct Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Installation 3.1602.2a Installation ...................................................................................................................... 202 
3.1602.3 Proprietary Spray Application 3.1602.3a Internal or external application ....................................................................................... 203 
3.1602.4 Air Sealing System Components 3.1602.4a Duct boot to interior surface ........................................................................................... 204 3.1602.4b Wooden plenums and building cavities .......................................................................... 205 3.1602.4c Air handler cabinet ......................................................................................................... 207 3.1602.4d Filter slot ......................................................................................................................... 208 
3.1602.5 Return--Framed Platform 3.1602.5a Preparation ..................................................................................................................... 210 3.1602.5b Infill and backing............................................................................................................. 210 3.1602.5c Sealant selection ............................................................................................................ 212 
4 Insulation 
4.10 Attics 
4.1001 General Preparation 
4.1001.1 Non-Insulation Contact (IC) Recessed Light 4.1001.1a Air barrier system ........................................................................................................... 213 4.1001.1b Enclosure top ................................................................................................................. 214 4.1001.1c Clearance ....................................................................................................................... 215 4.1001.1d Sealants and weather stripping ...................................................................................... 216 
4.1001.2 Knob and Tube Wiring 4.1001.2a Identifying knob and tube wiring ..................................................................................... 218 4.1001.2b Testing to determine if live ............................................................................................. 219 4.1001.2c Isolate or replace ............................................................................................................ 219 
4.1001.3 Fireplace Chimney and Combustion Flue Vents 4.1001.3a Verify attic prep .............................................................................................................. 222 4.1001.3b Required clearance ........................................................................................................ 223 4.1001.3c Safety ............................................................................................................................. 224 4.1001.3d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 224 
 
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4.1001.4 Vented Eave or Soffit Baffles 4.1001.4a Installation ...................................................................................................................... 226 
4.1003 Attic Ceilings 
4.1003.3 Unvented Flat Roof with Existing Insulation 4.1003.3a Ventilation....................................................................................................................... 228 4.1003.3b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 229 4.1003.3c Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 230 
4.1004 Knee Walls 
4.1004.1 Preparation for Dense Packing 4.1004.1a Backing........................................................................................................................... 232 4.1004.1b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 234 
4.1004.2 Preparation for Batt Insulation 4.1004.2a Knee wall prep for batts.................................................................................................. 236 4.1004.2b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 237 4.1004.2c Backing knee wall........................................................................................................... 238 
4.1004.3 Strapping for Existing Insulation 4.1004.3a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 241 4.1004.3b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 241 4.1004.3c Attachment ..................................................................................................................... 241 4.1004.3d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 242 
4.1004.4 Knee Wall Without Framing 4.1004.4a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 243 4.1004.4b Flat cavity present .......................................................................................................... 243 4.1004.4c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 243 4.1004.4d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 244 
4.1005 Attic Floors 
4.1005.1 Accessible Floors--Batt Installation 4.1005.1a Preparation ..................................................................................................................... 245 4.1005.1b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 246 4.1005.1c Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 247 
4.1005.2 Accessible Floors--Loose Fill Installation 4.1005.2a Preparation ..................................................................................................................... 249 4.1005.2b Air barrier........................................................................................................................ 251 4.1005.2c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 252 4.1005.2d Onsite documentation .................................................................................................... 253 
4.1005.3 Accessible Floors--Batt Insulation Over Existing Insulation 4.1005.3e Onsite documentation .................................................................................................... 255 
4.1005.4 Accessible Floors--Loose Fill Over Existing Insulation 4.1005.4d Onsite documentation .................................................................................................... 257 
4.1005.5 Enclosed Bonus Room Floor Over Unconditioned Space--Dense Pack Installation 4.1005.5a Air barrier........................................................................................................................ 259 4.1005.5b Fill floors ......................................................................................................................... 260 4.1005.5c Safety ............................................................................................................................. 262 4.1005.5d Onsite documentation .................................................................................................... 263 
 
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4.1005.6 Enclosed Attic Storage Platform Floor--Dense Pack Installation 4.1005.6a Fill floors ......................................................................................................................... 265 4.1005.6b Safety ............................................................................................................................. 265 4.1005.6c Onsite documentation .................................................................................................... 266 4.1005.6d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 266 
4.1006 Attic Openings 
4.1006.1 Pull-Down Stairs 4.1006.1a Installation ...................................................................................................................... 267 4.1006.1b Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 268 
4.1006.2 Access Doors and Hatches 4.1006.2a Installation ...................................................................................................................... 270 4.1006.2b Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 271 4.1006.2c Attachment ..................................................................................................................... 272 
4.1006.3 Whole-House Fan 4.1006.3a Installation ...................................................................................................................... 275 4.1006.3b Air sealing....................................................................................................................... 275 4.1006.3c Attachment ..................................................................................................................... 275 4.1006.3d Durability......................................................................................................................... 276 4.1006.3e Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 276 
4.1088 Special Considerations 
4.1088.1 Attic Ventilation 4.1088.1a Air barrier and thermal boundary.................................................................................... 277 4.1088.1b Vent type ........................................................................................................................ 277 4.1088.1c Vent location................................................................................................................... 277 4.1088.1d Ventilation baffling .......................................................................................................... 278 4.1088.1e Ventilation screens ......................................................................................................... 278 
4.1088.3 Skylights 4.1088.3b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 280 4.1088.3c Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 281 
4.11 Walls 
4.1101 Preparation 
4.1101.1 Exterior Wall Dense Packing 4.1101.1a Preparation ..................................................................................................................... 284 4.1101.1b Exterior dense pack........................................................................................................ 285 
4.1101.2 Exterior Wall Insulating Sheathing 4.1101.2a Wall cladding removal .................................................................................................... 286 4.1101.2b Wall cladding replacement ............................................................................................. 286 
4.1102 Accessible Walls 
4.1102.1 Open-Cavity Wall Insulation--General 4.1102.1a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 287 4.1102.1b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 288 4.1102.1c Pre-drywall verification ................................................................................................... 289 4.1102.1d Onsite documentation .................................................................................................... 290 
 
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4.1103 Enclosed Walls 
4.1103.1 Dense Pack Exterior Walls 4.1103.1a Exterior dense pack........................................................................................................ 292 4.1103.1b Onsite documentation .................................................................................................... 292 
4.1103.2 Additional Exterior Wall Cavities 4.1103.2a Location of cavities ......................................................................................................... 294 4.1103.2b Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 294 4.1103.2d Quality assurance........................................................................................................... 295 4.1103.2e Close holes..................................................................................................................... 296 
4.1103.3 Insulated Sheathing and Insulated Siding Installation 4.1103.3a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 299 4.1103.3b Location of wall framing.................................................................................................. 299 4.1103.3c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 299 4.1103.3d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 300 
4.13 Floors 
4.1301 Accessible Floors 
4.1301.1 Standard Floor System--Batt Installation 4.1301.1a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 301 4.1301.1b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 302 4.1301.1c Securing batts ................................................................................................................ 303 4.1301.1d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 304 
4.1301.2 Standard Floor System--Loose Fill with Netting 4.1301.2a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 307 4.1301.2b Netting, fabric ................................................................................................................. 308 4.1301.2c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 309 4.1301.2d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 311 
4.1301.3 Standard Floor System--Loose Fill with Rigid Barrier 4.1301.3a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 313 4.1301.3b Rigid air barrier ............................................................................................................... 314 4.1301.3c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 315 4.1301.3d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 317 
4.1301.4 Dense Pack Floor System with Rigid Barrier 4.1301.4a Sealing ........................................................................................................................... 319 4.1301.4b Rigid air barrier ............................................................................................................... 320 4.1301.4c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 321 4.1301.4d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 323 
4.1301.5 Cantilevered Floor--Batt Installation 4.1301.5a Air barrier........................................................................................................................ 325 4.1301.5b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 326 4.1301.5c Attachment ..................................................................................................................... 327 4.1301.5c Attachment ..................................................................................................................... 328 4.1301.5d Exterior soffit................................................................................................................... 329 4.1301.5e Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 330 
4.1301.6 Pier Construction Subfloor Insulation--Batt Installation with Rigid Barrier 4.1301.6a Subfloor preparation ....................................................................................................... 332 
 
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4.1301.6b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 333 4.1301.6c Secure batts ................................................................................................................... 335 4.1301.6d Rigid air barrier ............................................................................................................... 336 4.1301.6e Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 337 
4.1301.7 Pier Construction Subfloor Insulation--Loose Fill with Rigid Barrier 4.1301.7a Subfloor preparation ....................................................................................................... 339 4.1301.7b Rigid air barrier ............................................................................................................... 340 4.1301.7c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 341 4.1301.7d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 343 
4.1301.8 Pier Construction Subfloor Installation--Dense Pack with Rigid Barrier 4.1301.8a Subfloor preparation ....................................................................................................... 345 4.1301.8b Rigid air barrier ............................................................................................................... 346 4.1301.8c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 347 4.1301.8d Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 349 
4.16 Ducts 
4.1601 Insulating Ducts 
4.1601.1 Insulating Flex Ducts 4.1601.1a Removal of existing flexible ducting ............................................................................... 351 4.1601.1b Selection of new flexible ducting .................................................................................... 351 4.1601.1c Sizing of new flex ........................................................................................................... 351 4.1601.1d Installation of flex............................................................................................................ 352 4.1601.1e Interior liner attachment.................................................................................................. 352 4.1601.1f Sealing of interior liner.................................................................................................... 352 4.1601.1g Attachment of exterior liner ............................................................................................ 352 4.1601.1h Sealing of all accessible ducts ....................................................................................... 353 4.1601.1i Insulation of all fittings .................................................................................................... 353 4.1601.1j Completeness of vapor barrier ....................................................................................... 353 
4.1601.2 Insulating Metal Ducts 4.1601.2a Selection of duct insulation material ............................................................................... 355 4.1601.2b Duct sealing.................................................................................................................... 356 4.1601.2c Attachment of duct insulation ......................................................................................... 357 4.1601.2d Taping of the duct insulation .......................................................................................... 358 
5 Heating and Cooling 
5.30 Forced Air 
5.3001 Design 
5.3001.1 Load Calculation and Equipment Selection 5.3001.1a Load calculation ............................................................................................................. 359 5.3001.1b Equipment selection ....................................................................................................... 359 5.3001.1c Air filtration...................................................................................................................... 359 
5.3001.2 Ductwork and Termination Design 5.3001.2a Duct design .................................................................................................................... 361 5.3001.2b Termination design ......................................................................................................... 361 5.3001.2c Air filtration...................................................................................................................... 361 
 
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5.3002 Site Preparation 
5.3002.1 Preparation for New Equipment 5.3002.1a Access ............................................................................................................................ 363 5.3002.1b Utility disconnect ............................................................................................................ 363 5.3002.1c Refrigerant recovery ....................................................................................................... 363 5.3002.1d Equipment disconnection ............................................................................................... 364 5.3002.1e Removal ......................................................................................................................... 364 
5.3003 System Assessment and Maintenance 
5.3003.1 Data Plate Verification 5.3003.1a Data plate verification ..................................................................................................... 365 
5.3003.3 Evaluating Air Flow 5.3003.3a Total air flow ................................................................................................................... 366 5.3003.3b External static pressure .................................................................................................. 366 5.3003.3c Pressure ......................................................................................................................... 367 5.3003.3d Filter Inspection .............................................................................................................. 367 5.3003.3e Balancing room flow: new ductwork ............................................................................... 368 5.3003.3f Supply and return temperature measurements .............................................................. 368 5.3003.3h Temperature rise: gas and oil furnaces only .................................................................. 369 
5.3003.4 Evaluating Electrical Service 5.3003.4a Polarity............................................................................................................................ 370 5.3003.4b Voltage/amperage: incoming power ............................................................................... 370 5.3003.4c Voltage: contactor .......................................................................................................... 370 5.3003.4d Grounding....................................................................................................................... 371 5.3003.4e Blower amperage ........................................................................................................... 371 5.3003.4f Compressor amperage................................................................................................... 371 5.3003.4g Door switch operation..................................................................................................... 372 5.3003.4h Heat pump: emergency heat .......................................................................................... 372 
5.3003.5 Refrigerant Line Inspection 5.3003.5a Insulation ........................................................................................................................ 373 5.3003.5b Ultraviolet (UV) protection of insulation .......................................................................... 373 5.3003.5c Sizing.............................................................................................................................. 373 5.3003.5d Installation quality ........................................................................................................... 374 5.3003.5e Support ........................................................................................................................... 374 
5.3003.9 Heating and Cooling Controls 5.3003.9a Removal of mercury- based thermostats ....................................................................... 375 5.3003.9b Removal of existing controls .......................................................................................... 375 5.3003.9c Penetrations ................................................................................................................... 375 5.3003.9d Thermostat location ........................................................................................................ 376 5.3003.9e Blower speed.................................................................................................................. 376 5.3003.9f Thermostat selection: heat pump ................................................................................... 376 5.3003.9g Heat pump: supplementary heat .................................................................................... 377 5.3003.9h Heat pump: low ambient compressor lockout ................................................................ 377 5.3003.9i Heat pump: outside temperature sensor ........................................................................ 377 5.3003.9j Heat pump: supplementary heat wiring .......................................................................... 378 5.3003.9k Thermostat: installer programming................................................................................. 378 
 
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5.3003.9l Time delay settings ........................................................................................................ 378 5.3003.9m Humidistat: location ........................................................................................................ 379 5.3003.9n Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 379 
5.3003.10 Condensate Drainage of Heating and Air Conditioning Equipment 5.3003.10a Connection ..................................................................................................................... 380 5.3003.10b Insulation ........................................................................................................................ 381 5.3003.10c Overflow protection: upflow ............................................................................................ 381 5.3003.10d Pumps ............................................................................................................................ 382 5.3003.10g Float switch..................................................................................................................... 383 
5.3003.14 Combustion Analysis of Gas-Fired Appliances (LP and Natural Gas) 5.3003.14a Gas Pressure.................................................................................................................. 385 5.3003.14b Place appliance in operation .......................................................................................... 385 5.3003.14c Carbon dioxide (CO2)and oxygen (O2).......................................................................... 386 5.3003.14d Carbon monoxide (CO) in flue gas ................................................................................. 386 5.3003.14e Testing/inspection holes ................................................................................................. 386 
6 Ventilation 
6.60 Exhaust 
6.6002 Components 
6.6002.1 Ducts 6.6002.1a Duct design and configuration ........................................................................................ 388 6.6002.1b Duct insulation ................................................................................................................ 388 6.6002.1c Duct support ................................................................................................................... 390 6.6002.1d Duct connections ............................................................................................................ 392 6.6002.1e Duct materials................................................................................................................. 393 
6.6002.2 Terminations 6.6002.2a Hole in building shell ...................................................................................................... 396 6.6002.2b Termination fitting ........................................................................................................... 397 6.6002.2c Duct to termination connection ....................................................................................... 398 6.6002.2d Weatherproof installation................................................................................................ 400 6.6002.2e Pest exclusion ................................................................................................................ 401 6.6002.2f Termination location ....................................................................................................... 402 6.6002.2g Kitchen exhaust .............................................................................................................. 403 
6.6002.3 Exhaust-Only Ventilation--Fan Intake Grille Location 6.6002.3a Primary whole house ventilation..................................................................................... 405 6.6002.3b Local ventilation.............................................................................................................. 405 
6.6003 Fans 
6.6003.1 Surface-Mounted Ducted 6.6003.1a Hole through interior surface .......................................................................................... 406 6.6003.1b Wiring ............................................................................................................................. 406 6.6003.1c Fan mounting ................................................................................................................. 406 6.6003.1d Backdraft damper ........................................................................................................... 407 6.6003.1e Duct to fan connection.................................................................................................... 407 6.6003.1f Fan housing seal ............................................................................................................ 408 6.6003.1g Fan to interior surface seal ............................................................................................. 408 
 
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6.6003.1h Air flow............................................................................................................................ 408 6.6003.1i Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans ............................................................. 409 6.6003.1j Combustion safety.......................................................................................................... 409 
6.6003.2 Inline 6.6003.2a Wiring ............................................................................................................................. 410 6.6003.2b Access ............................................................................................................................ 410 6.6003.2c Fan mounting ................................................................................................................. 410 6.6003.2d Backdraft damper ........................................................................................................... 411 6.6003.2e Duct connections ............................................................................................................ 411 6.6003.2f Boot to interior surface seal............................................................................................ 412 6.6003.2g Air flow............................................................................................................................ 412 6.6003.2h Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans ............................................................. 412 6.6003.2i Combustion safety.......................................................................................................... 413 
6.6003.3 Through the Wall 6.6003.3a Hole in building shell ...................................................................................................... 414 6.6003.3a Hole in building shell ...................................................................................................... 414 6.6003.3b Wiring ............................................................................................................................. 416 6.6003.3c Fan mounting ................................................................................................................. 417 6.6003.3d Weatherproof installation................................................................................................ 418 6.6003.3e Backdraft damper ........................................................................................................... 419 6.6003.3f Fan housing seal ............................................................................................................ 420 6.6003.3g Fan to interior surface seal ............................................................................................. 421 6.6003.3i Air flow............................................................................................................................ 421 6.6003.3j Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans ............................................................. 422 6.6003.3k Combustion safety.......................................................................................................... 423 
6.6005 Appliance Exhaust Vents 
6.6005.1 Clothes Dryer 6.6005.1a Clothes dryer ducting ..................................................................................................... 426 6.6005.1b Termination fitting ........................................................................................................... 428 6.6005.1c Make-up air..................................................................................................................... 429 6.6005.1d Combustion safety.......................................................................................................... 430 6.6005.1e Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 432 
6.6005.2 Kitchen Range 6.6005.2b Fan venting..................................................................................................................... 434 6.6005.2c Fan ducting..................................................................................................................... 434 6.6005.2d Termination fitting ........................................................................................................... 436 6.6005.2e Make-up air..................................................................................................................... 437 6.6005.2f Combustion safety.......................................................................................................... 438 
6.61 Supply 
6.6102 Components 
6.6102.1 Outside Air Ventilation Supply Ducts 6.6102.1a Duct design and configuration ........................................................................................ 441 6.6102.1b Duct insulation ................................................................................................................ 441 6.6102.1c Duct support ................................................................................................................... 441 6.6102.1d Duct connections ............................................................................................................ 442 
 
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6.6102.1e Duct materials................................................................................................................. 443 6.6102.1f Outdoor air intake location ............................................................................................. 443 
6.6102.2 Intakes 6.6102.2a Hole in building shell ...................................................................................................... 445 6.6102.2b Intake fitting .................................................................................................................... 445 6.6102.2c Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 445 6.6102.2d Damper (if applicable) .................................................................................................... 446 6.6102.2e Connection to intake fitting ............................................................................................. 446 6.6102.2f Weatherproofing ............................................................................................................. 447 6.6102.2g Pest exclusion ................................................................................................................ 447 6.6102.2h Intake location ................................................................................................................ 448 
6.6102.3 Intake for Ventilation Air to Forced Air System Used for Heating or Cooling 6.6102.3a Forced air system requirements ..................................................................................... 449 6.6102.3b Wiring ............................................................................................................................. 449 6.6102.3c Access ............................................................................................................................ 449 6.6102.3d Mounting intake duct ...................................................................................................... 450 6.6102.3e Motorized damper .......................................................................................................... 450 6.6102.3f Intake filter ...................................................................................................................... 451 6.6102.3g Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 451 
6.6103 Fans 
6.6103.1 Inline or Multi-Port 6.6103.1a Wiring ............................................................................................................................. 452 6.6103.1b Access ............................................................................................................................ 452 6.6103.1c Fan mounting ................................................................................................................. 452 6.6103.1d Damper (required for intermittent operation) .................................................................. 453 6.6103.1e Duct connections ............................................................................................................ 453 6.6103.1f Filter................................................................................................................................ 454 6.6103.1g Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 454 6.6103.1h Boot to interior surface seal............................................................................................ 455 
6.62 Whole Building Ventilation 
6.6201 Air Flow Requirements 
6.6201.2 Primary Ventilation Air Flow between Rooms 6.6201.2a Balancing pressure......................................................................................................... 456 
6.6202 Components 
6.6202.1 Controls 6.6202.1a Primary ventilation fan (whole-house volume) ............................................................... 458 6.6202.1b Local exhaust--local fan ................................................................................................ 458 6.6202.1c Wiring ............................................................................................................................. 459 6.6202.1d Manual override.............................................................................................................. 459 6.6202.1e Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 459 
6.6202.2 Heat Recovery Ventilator (HRV) and Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV) Installation 6.6202.2a Wiring ............................................................................................................................. 461 6.6202.2b Access ............................................................................................................................ 461 6.6202.2c Fan mounting ................................................................................................................. 461 
 
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6.6202.2d Backdraft dampers (required for intermittent operation)................................................. 462 6.6202.2e Installation of fittings ....................................................................................................... 462 6.6202.2f Duct connections ............................................................................................................ 463 6.6202.2g Duct layout ..................................................................................................................... 464 6.6202.2h Insulation ........................................................................................................................ 464 6.6202.2i Sealant selection ............................................................................................................ 465 6.6202.2j Balance and flow ............................................................................................................ 465 6.6202.2k Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 465 
6.99 Additional Resources 
6.9901 Codes and Standards Resources 
6.9901.1 Supplemental Ventilation Information--ASHRAE 62.2 6.9901.1a Ventilation fan flow rate .................................................................................................. 467 
7 Baseload 
7.80 Plug Load 
7.8001 Refrigerators/Freezers 
7.8001.1 Refrigerator and Freezer Replacement 7.8001.1a Selection......................................................................................................................... 468 7.8001.1b Installation ...................................................................................................................... 468 7.8001.1c Decommissioning ........................................................................................................... 469 7.8001.2 Cleaning and Tuning Existing Refrigerators and Freezers 7.8001.2a Clean and tune ............................................................................................................... 470 
7.81 Water Heating 
7.8101 Water Use Reduction 
7.8101.1 Shower Head and Faucet Aerator 7.8101.1a Work assessment ........................................................................................................... 471 7.8101.1b Selection......................................................................................................................... 471 7.8101.1c Installation ...................................................................................................................... 471 7.8101.1d Decommissioning ........................................................................................................... 472 
7.8102 Installation and Replacement 
7.8102.1 Water Heater Selection 7.8102.1a Selection parameters ..................................................................................................... 474 7.8102.1b Product selection ............................................................................................................ 475 7.8102.2 Storage-Type Appliance 7.8102.2e Expansion tank ............................................................................................................... 476 7.8102.2f Temperature and pressure relief valve........................................................................... 476 7.8102.2k Discharge temperature ................................................................................................... 478 7.8102.3 On-Demand Appliance 7.8102.3a Hazardous material removal .......................................................................................... 480 7.8102.3b Equipment removal ........................................................................................................ 480 7.8102.3c New equipment installation ............................................................................................ 481 7.8102.3d Emergency drain pan ..................................................................................................... 481 7.8102.3e Temperature and pressure relief valve........................................................................... 482 
 
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7.8102.3f Dielectric unions ............................................................................................................. 482 7.8102.3g Backflow prevention and pressure regulator .................................................................. 482 7.8102.3h Thermal efficiency .......................................................................................................... 483 7.8102.3i Required combustion air ................................................................................................ 483 7.8102.3j Venting of flue gases ...................................................................................................... 483 7.8102.3k Flue gas testing .............................................................................................................. 484 7.8102.3l Electric and fossil fuel supply ......................................................................................... 484 7.8102.3m Cold water supply ........................................................................................................... 485 7.8102.3n Discharge temperature ................................................................................................... 485 7.8102.3o Commissioning of system............................................................................................... 485 7.8102.3p Ambient carbon monoxide (CO) ..................................................................................... 486 7.8102.3q Occupant education ....................................................................................................... 486 
7.8103 Maintenance/Inspection 
7.8103.1 Storage-Type Appliance 7.8103.1a Health and safety ........................................................................................................... 488 7.8103.1c Thermal efficiency .......................................................................................................... 489 7.8103.1e Temperature and pressure relief valve........................................................................... 490 
 
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 Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Safe Work Practices 
2.0100.1 - Global Worker Safety 
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
2.0100.1b - Hand protection 
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 
Specification(s): Durable and wrist-protecting gloves will be worn that can withstand work activity 
Objective(s): Minimize skin contact with contaminants Protect hands from hazards 
 
Unsafe 
Recognize potential risks 
 
Safe 
Wear appropriate hand protection 
 
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2.0100.1c - Respiratory protection 
 
GOOD: Wear nitrile gloves when handling mastic 
 
Inspect gloves for holes and damage to minimize risk 
 
2.0100.1c - Respiratory protection 
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 
Specification(s): If the risk of airborne contaminants cannot be prevented, proper respiratory protection will be provided and worn (e.g., N-95 or equivalent face mask) 
When applying low pressure 2-component spray polyurethane foam, air purifying masks with an organic vapor cartridge and P-100 particulate filter will be used 
When applying high-pressure SPF insulation, supplied air respirators (SARs) will be used 
Consult MSDS for respiratory protection requirements 
OSHA 1910.134 shall be followed for the implementation of a respiratory protection program 
Objective(s): Minimize exposure to airborne contaminants (e.g., insulation materials, mold spores, feces, bacteria, chemicals) 
 
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2.0100.1c - Respiratory protection 
 
Unsafe 
Workers need to properly protect their airways when retrofitting 
 
Best Practice 
Retrofits can have multiple different respiratory protection requirements 
 
OSHA regulations defined in 29 CFR 1910.134(f) require organizations requiring respirator use to 1) establish a written respirator program, 2) train all personnel in the proper use and care of their respirators, 3) have personnel medically evaluated for their fitness to wear respirators, and 4) perform annual qualitative and quantitative fit testing on each individual with their assigned respirator 
 
Whenever airborne contaminants are For two-component spray insulation, All P-100s should be fitted to the 
 
a possibility, wear an N-95 mask 
 
P-100 respirators should be used 
 
individual worker 
 
When working with high pressure spray foam, use a Supplied Air 
 
When unsure what level of protection is necessary, check the SDS 
 
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2.0100.1d - Electrical safety 
 
2.0100.1d - Electrical safety 
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 
Specification(s): An electrical safety assessment will be performed All electric tools will be protected by ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCI) Three-wire type extension cords will be used with portable electric tools Worn or frayed electrical cords will not be used Water sources (e.g., condensate pans) and electrical sources will be kept separate Metal ladders will be avoided Special precautions will be taken if knob and tube wiring is present Aluminum foil products will be kept away from live wires For arc flash hazards, NFPA 70E will be consulted 
Objective(s): Avoid electrical shock and arc flash hazards 
 
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2.0100.1e - Carbon monoxide (CO) 
 
Unsafe 
Inspect house for unsafe electrical situations 
 
Attics and crawl spaces should be inspected closely for electrical safety before work begins 
 
Use GFCIs and three-wire extension Electrical wiring should not be located Use fiberglass ladders in place of 
 
cords for all power tools 
 
near a water source 
 
metal 
 
Recognize if knob and tube wiring is Follow NFPA 70E 2012 guidelines for present and take special precautions arc flash hazards 
 
2.0100.1e - Carbon monoxide (CO) 
 
Desired Outcome: 
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2.0100.1f - Personal Protective Equipment 
 
Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 
Specification(s): All homes will have a carbon monoxide alarm 
Ambient CO will be monitored during combustion testing and testing will be discontinued if ambient CO level inside the home or work space exceeds 35 parts per million (ppm) 
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant health 
 
Unsafe 
STOP WORK if CO levels are higher than 35ppm!! 
Tools: 1. CO meter 
 
Best Practice 
Install carbon monoxide alarms 
 
2.0100.1f - Personal Protective Equipment 
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 
Specification(s): MSDS and OSHA regulations will be consulted for equipment and protective clothing would be worn if contaminants are present(e.g., insulation materials) 
Eye protection will always be worn (e.g., safety glasses, goggles if not using full-face respirator) 
Objective(s): Protect worker from skin contact with contaminants 
 
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Minimize spread of contaminants Provide eye protection 
 
2.0100.1g - Confined space safety 
 
 Before 
Workers should be aware of work required and dress appropriately 
 
 After 
Ensure workers have proper protective equipment for work environment 
 
2.0100.1g - Confined space safety 
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 
Specification(s): Spaces with limited ingress and egress and restricted work area will be considered confined space Access and egress points will be located before beginning work Inspection will be conducted for hazards, such as damaged or exposed electrical conductors, mold, sewage effluent, friable asbestos or fiberglass, pests, and other potential hazards Adequate ventilation will be provided Use of toxic material will be reduced 
Objective(s): Prevent build-up of toxic or flammable contaminants Reduce risk to the workers in the confined space Provide adequate access and egress points Prevent electrical shock 
 
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2.0100.1g - Confined space safety 
 
 After 
Locate all access and egress points of confined spaces before entering 
From OSHA.gov: "Many workplaces contain areas that are considered "confined spaces" because while they are not necessarily designed for people, they are large enough for workers to enter and perform certain jobs. A confined space also has limited or restricted means for entry or exit and is not designed for continuous occupancy." 
https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/confinedspaces/index.html 
 
Perform visual inspection of confined Check for frayed or worn electrical 
 
spaces before beginning work 
 
wires 
 
In confined spaces, use a ventilator 
 
Check GHS labels and Safety Data 
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Sheets for all materials to minimize hazards 
 
2.0100.1j - Ergonomic safety 
 
2.0100.1j - Ergonomic safety 
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 
Specification(s): Appropriate PPE will be used (e.g., knee pads, bump caps, additional padding) 
Proper equipment will be used for work 
Proper lifting techniques will be used 
Objective(s): Prevent injuries from awkward postures, repetitive motions, and improper lifting 
 
Unsafe 
Workers will take precautions to protect themselves on the job site 
 
Best Practice 
Hard hats, knee pads, bump caps, and team lifts help to prevent injury 
 
Visit https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/ergonomics/controlhazards.html for additional guidance. 
 
2.0100.1m - Thermal stress 
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 
Specification(s): 
 
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2.0100.1m - Thermal stress 
 
Ensure staff is aware of risks during extreme weather including the symptoms of heat stroke, heat exhaustion, and hypothermia 
Appropriate ventilation, hydration, rest breaks, and cooling equipment will be provided 
911 will be dialed when necessary 
Objective(s): Prevent heat stroke, heat stress, and cold stress related injuries 
 
Attics and crawl spaces can be dangerous work places in the heat 
 
Keep workers comfortable with hydration and cool vests 
 
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 Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Heating and Cooling Equipment 
2.0103.1 - Combustion Worker Safety 
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 
2.0103.1b - Carbon monoxide (CO) 
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure Specification(s): Ambient CO will be monitored during combustion testing and testing will be discontinued if ambient CO level inside the home or work space exceeds 35 parts per million (ppm) Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant health 
 
 Before 
STOP WORK if CO levels measure above 35ppm!! 
Tools: 1. CO meter 
 
 After 
Install carbon monoxide alarm if none are found. 
 
2.0103.1c - Raw fuel 
Desired Outcome: Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 
 
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2.0103.1c - Raw fuel 
 
Specification(s): Raw fuel leaks will be monitored for before entering building spaces 
If leaks are found, testing will be discontinued and condition reported to occupant immediately 
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant health 
 
 Before 
Fuel leaks need to be repaired by appropriate professional 
 
 After 
Notify occupant of any leaks 
 
Tools: 
1. Combustible gas detector 2. Spray bottle 
 
Materials: 1. Noncorrosive leak detection fluid 
 
Paraphrased from 2012 IRC G2417: Leakage will be located using an approved combustible gas detector, a noncorrosive leak detection fluid or an equivalent nonflammable solution. Matches, candles, open flames or other methods that could provide a source of ignition cannot be used. Where leakage or other defects are located, the affected portion of the piping system will be repaired or replaced and retested. 
 
1 
Check all raw fuel lines for leaks 
 
2 
Use multiple methods to test for 
 
3 
If bubbles develop, leak is present. 
 
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2.0103.1c - Raw fuel 
 
leakage--bubble solution 
 
Notify occupant 
 
4 
 
5 
 
Any leaks found should be reported to Any leaks found should be reported to 
 
occupant and work stopped 
 
occupant and work stopped 
 
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 Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Material Safety 
 
2.0106.1 - Material Selection, Labeling, and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) 
Desired Outcome: Occupant and worker risk from hazardous materials minimized 
 
2.0106.1a - Material selection 
Desired Outcome: Occupant and worker risk from hazardous materials minimized 
Specification(s): Materials that do not create long-term health risks for occupants and workers will be used 
Objective(s): Improve indoor air quality in the living space 
 
2.0106.1b - Material labels 
Desired Outcome: Occupant and worker risk from hazardous materials minimized 
Specification(s): Manufacturer specifications will be followed 
Objective(s): Reduce risk of exposure to harmful substances 
Follow safety procedures 
 
2.0106.1c - Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) 
Desired Outcome: Occupant and worker risk from hazardous materials minimized 
Specification(s): MSDSs will be provided onsite and available during all work 
 
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Objective(s): Assess exposure risk Prepare a response in case of emergency 
 
2.0106.1c - Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) 
 
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 Health and Safety > Safe Work Practices > Basements and Crawl Spaces 
2.0107.2 - Basements and Crawl Spaces--Pre-Work Qualifications 
Desired Outcome: Site properly prepared for upgrade 
2.0107.2a - Fuel leaks 
Desired Outcome: Site properly prepared for upgrade Specification(s): Fuel leaks will be repaired and inspected in accordance with the IRC Objective(s): Ensure site is safe and ready for upgrade 
 
Unsafe 
Fuel leaks need to be repaired 
 
Safe 
Repairs need to be tested and verified to no longer leak 
 
Tools: 
1. Combustion gas detector 2. Testing solution 
 
Paraphrased from 2012 IRC G2417: Leakage will be located using an approved combustible gas detector, a noncorrosive leak detection fluid or an equivalent nonflammable solution. Matches, candles, open flames or other methods that could provide a source of ignition cannot be used. Where leakage or other defects are located, the affected portion of the piping system will be repaired or replaced and retested. 
 
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2.0107.2a - Fuel leaks 
 
1 
Fuel leaks discovered during initial audit should be flagged 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Use approved combustion gas sniffer Repeatedly test repair site for leakage 
 
to see if repaired line still leaks 
 
over a 10min period 
 
4 
Allow testing solution to sit on newly repaired pipe joint for 10min 
 
5 
Confirm repair and remove flag 
 
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2.0107.3 - Basements and Crawl Spaces--Debris Removal 
Desired Outcome: Clean, safe, and easily accessible crawl space created 
2.0107.3a - Debris removal 
Desired Outcome: Clean, safe, and easily accessible crawl space created Specification(s): Under-floor grade will be removed of all vegetation and organic material Debris that can cause injury or puncture ground covers (e.g., nails, glass, sheet metal screws, etc.) will be removed from the crawl space Objective(s): Minimize punctures in ground liner Minimize habitat for pests (Integrated Pest Management--IPM) and contaminant sources 
 
 Before 
Crawl spaces with trash and overgrowth need to be made clean and safe. 
Tools: 1. Rake 2. Shop vacuum 3. PPE 
 
 After 
Rake up and clear away trash and overgrowth. 
 
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 Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General 
2.0201.1 - Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Testing 
Desired Outcome: Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered 
2.0201.1a - Assessment 
Desired Outcome: Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered 
Specification(s): Emergency problems (e.g., ambient gas levels greater than 10% Lower Explosion Limit (LEL), ambient CO levels that exceed 70 ppm) will be communicated clearly and immediately to the customer, the home shall be evacuated, and appropriate personnel (e.g.: HVAC technician, utility, emergency services) shall be contacted. ; Significant problems (e.g., gas leak less than 10% LEL, ambient CO levels that exceed 35 ppm but less than 70 ppm) will be communicated clearly and immediately to the customer and appropriate solutions will be suggested Examine appliance for signs of damage, misuse, improper repairs, and lack of maintenance 
Objective(s): Ensure system does not have potentially fatal problems 
 
 Before 
Unsafe combustion appliances indicate need for repair or replacement 
 
 After 
In cases of replacement, ensure new appliance is safe and sized properly 
 
Follow this process for all homes with combustion appliances: 
 
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2.0201.1b - Fuel leak detection 
 
 If the gas supplier has shut off and locked the gas valve at the meter or the propane storage tank is empty, and the client states they are not and will not be using the appliance(s), then the client will need to remove the appliance(s) or disable them by disconnecting and capping off the gas line. 
 Since no combustion safety testing was performed, there will be no liability issue if the client later restores fuel to the appliance(s). 
 If the client refuses to have the system disabled, defer the home.  If it appears that the client intends to restore the fuel supply and return the combustion 
appliance(s) to service, defer the home until combustion safety testing can be performed on them.  Document everything in writing and obtain a client signature to acknowledge the conditions. 
 
Assess existing combustion appliances for damage and replace when necessary 
 
When a simple filter cleaning or 
 
Ensure there is adequate make-up air 
 
replacement will help, make it happen -- combustion air inlet in closet 
 
Stop the misuse of combustion 
 
Keep occupant apprised of any health 
 
appliances -- camp heater in bedroom or safety concerns 
 
2.0201.1b - Fuel leak detection 
Desired Outcome: 
 
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2.0201.1b - Fuel leak detection 
 
Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered 
Specification(s): Inspect and test for gas or oil leakage at connections of natural gas, propane piping, or oil systems 
If leaks are found, immediate action will be taken to notify occupant to help ensure leaks are repaired 
The report will specify repair for leaks and replacement for hazardous or damaged gas or oil connectors and pipes 
Objective(s): Detect fuel gas leaks 
Determine and report need for repair 
 
 Before 
Fuel lines should be inspected for leakage 
 
 After 
If leaks are found, notify occupant immediately to facilitate repair 
 
Tools: 
1. Combustible gas detector 2. Spray bottle 
 
Materials: 1. Noncorrosive leak detection fluid 
 
Paraphrased from 2012 IRC G2417: Leakage will be located using an approved combustible gas detector, a noncorrosive leak detection fluid or an equivalent nonflammable solution. Matches, candles, open flames or other methods that could provide a source of ignition cannot be used. Where leakage or other defects are located, the affected portion of the piping system will be repaired or replaced and retested. 
 
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 Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General 
 
2.0201.1c - Venting 
 
Inspect exterior gas and oil lines for leaks and damage 
 
Inspect flex lines for damage, and check date on ring for pre-1973 hardware 
 
2.0201.1c - Venting 
Desired Outcome: Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered 
Specification(s): For oil systems that require a draft regulator, the presence and operability of it (that draft regulator) will be verified and tested 
Combustion venting systems will be inspected for damage, leaks, disconnections, inadequate slope, and other safety hazards 
Objective(s): Determine if a regulator is present and working 
Determine whether vent system is in good condition and installed properly 
 
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 Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General 
 
2.0201.1d - Base pressure test 
 
Unsafe 
If ventilation system puts occupants at risk, it needs immediate attention 
 
Safe 
Properly vented appliances make a house healthier and more efficient 
 
Determine if a draft regulator is installed and working 
 
Inspect vent systems for damage 
 
Inspect vent systems for disconnected pipes 
 
Inspect vent systems for inadequate slope 
 
Inspect for missing draft diverter 
 
2.0201.1d - Base pressure test 
Desired Outcome: 
 
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2.0201.1e - Depressurization test 
 
Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered 
Specification(s): Baseline pressure for naturally drafting vented appliances will be measured in Combustion Appliance Zone with reference to outdoors 
Objective(s): Measure pressure difference between combustion zone and the outside under natural conditions 
 
Best Practice 
Natural conditions: Winter set-up, air handler and exhaust fans off, interior doors open 
Tools: 1. Manometer 
2.0201.1e - Depressurization test 
Desired Outcome: Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered 
Specification(s): CAZ depressurization testing will be administered for all atmospherically vented appliances located inside the pressure boundary. 
Depressurization test will include exhaust fans, interior door closure, or duct leakage, or a combination thereof; the test will be done to determine the largest negative pressure per BPI Standard 1200. 
Objective(s): Determine worst-case depressurization in combustion zone due mechanical system fans 
 
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 Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General 
 
2.0201.1e - Depressurization test 
 
Best Practice 
Exhaust fans on, Check interior doors, Air handler on? 
Tools: 1. Manometer 
 
1 
Place manometer reference hose to exterior of house 
 
2 
Attach test hose to be used in the interior of the house 
 
3 
Place test hose by combustion appliance 
 
4 
Take baseline reading 
 
5 
Turn on interior exhaust fans, including any clothes dryers 
 
6 
Is the air handler on? 
 
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2.0201.1e - Depressurization test 
 
7 
Check interior doors for pressure differential either using smoke pencil or hand 
 
8 
Manometer reading should not be more negative than -3pa 
 
9 
If reading is within allowable limit, all is well 
 
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 Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety General 
2.0201.2 - Combustion Safety - Make-up Air 
Desired Outcome: Buildup of dangerous combustion byproducts in the living space prevented 
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
2.0201.2a - Outside combustion make-up air 
Desired Outcome: Buildup of dangerous combustion byproducts in the living space prevented 
Specification(s): Where applicable, combustion air will be provided from the outside and installed in accordance with the IRC for the type of appliance installed 
Objective(s): Prevent combustion byproducts from entering the house 
Image 1: For homes with one permanent opening, see 2012 IRC: G2407.6.2 (304.6.2): a minimum free area of 1 in2 per 3,000 Btu/h (734 mm2/kW) of total input rating of all appliances 
Image 2: For homes with two permanent vertical duct openings, see 2012 IRC G2407.6.1 (304.6.1): a minimum free area of 1 in2 per 4,000 Btu/h (550 mm2/kW) of total input rating of all appliances 
Image 3: For homes with two permanent horizontal duct openings, see 2012 IRC G2407.6.1 (304.6.1): a minimum free area of 1 in2 per 2,000 Btu/h (1,100 mm2/kW) of total input rating of all appliances 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
min free area of 1 sqin per 3,000 Btu/h min free area of 1 sqin per 4,000 Btu/ min free area of 1 sqin per 2,000 Btu/h 
 
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2.0201.2b - New appliances 
 
(734 mm2/kW) of total input rating 
 
h (550 mm2/kW) of total input rating (1100 mm2/kW) of total input rating 
 
2.0201.2b - New appliances 
Desired Outcome: Buildup of dangerous combustion byproducts in the living space prevented 
Specification(s): If replacing appliances, a sealed-combustion, direct-vent appliance will be installed if possible. New appliances will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications, the IRC and additional applicable codes Objective(s): Prevent combustion byproducts from entering the house 
 
 Before 
Damaged combustion appliances beyond repair should be replaced 
 
 After 
Sealed-combustion, direct-vent appliances should replace unsafe appliances 
 
Two-pipe 90% efficiency furnaces are viable replacement Direct vent combustion appliances are also viable 
 
appliances 
 
replacements 
 
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2.0201.2d - Gas ovens 
 
2.0201.2c - CO detection and warning equipment 
Desired Outcome: Buildup of dangerous combustion byproducts in the living space prevented 
Specification(s): CO detection or warning equipment will be installed outside of each separate sleeping area in the immediate vicinity of the bedrooms in accordance with ASHRAE 62.2 and authority having local jurisdiction 
Installation will be accomplished by a licensed electrician when required by local code 
Objective(s): Alert occupant to CO exposure 
 
Best Practice 
Carbon Monoxide alarms should be installed according to local codes 
 
Best Practice 
Alarms should be mounted near sleeping areas--such as the one marked in red 
 
Tools: 1. Drill 
 
Materials: 
1. CO alarm 2. Fasteners 
 
2.0201.2d - Gas ovens 
Desired Outcome: Buildup of dangerous combustion byproducts in the living space prevented 
Specification(s): Gas ovens will be tested for CO 
 
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2.0201.2e - Gas range burners 
 
A clean and tune will be conducted if measured CO in the undiluted flue gases of the oven vent at steady state exceeds 225 ppm as measured 
Objective(s): Ensure clean burn of gas ovens 
 
Unsafe 
If CO reading as measured exceeds 225ppm, order a clean and tune 
Tools: 1. Combustion analyzer with probe 
 
Best Practice 
Test gas oven for carbon monoxide using a combustion gas analyzer 
 
2.0201.2e - Gas range burners 
Desired Outcome: Buildup of dangerous combustion byproducts in the living space prevented 
Specification(s): Specify clean and tune if the flame has any discoloration, flame impingement, an irregular pattern, or if burners are visibly dirty, corroded, or bent 
Objective(s): Ensure clean burn and operation of gas range burners 
 
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2.0201.2f - Solid fuel burning appliances 
 
 Before 
Discoloration is a clear sign that a gas range needs a clean and tune 
 
 After 
A properly operating gas range burner should have an even blue flame 
 
1 
Yellow, uncontrolled flames indicate the need for a clean and tune 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Gas ranges should be cleaned and Blue, even flames indicate burners are tuned if improper operation is evident working properly 
 
2.0201.2f - Solid fuel burning appliances 
Desired Outcome: Buildup of dangerous combustion byproducts in the living space prevented 
Specification(s): If the solid fuel burning appliance is the primary heat source and has signs of structural failure replace solid fuel burning appliance with UL-listed and EPA - certified appliances if the existing appliance is not UL-listed 
Objective(s): Ensure safe operations of solid fuel burning appliances 
 
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2.0201.2f - Solid fuel burning appliances 
 
Unsafe 
Unsafe solid fuel burning appliances should be replaced 
 
Safe 
New appliances should be UL-listed and EPA-certified 
 
Since 1988, the EPA has regulated particulate emissions from wood heaters. The limit is 7.5 grams per hour for non-catalytic appliances, and 4.1 grams per hour for catalytic appliances. 
 
Locate data plate to find out appliance ratings 
 
Check appliance rating plates for EPA and UL markings (or CSA, ETL, or WH markings) 
 
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2.0201.3 - Vented Combustion Appliance Safety Testing 
Desired Outcome: Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered 
2.0201.3a - Spillage Test 
Desired Outcome: Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered Specification(s): In conditions with largest negative pressure as determined from Detail 2.0201.1e: If spillage in a combustion appliance with a warm vent exceeds two minutes during pressure testing, specify measures to mitigate If spillage in a combustion appliance with a cold vent exceeds five minutes during pressure testing, specify measures to mitigate Objective(s): Detect excessive spillage of combustion gases 
 
Unsafe 
Test natural draft furnace or water heater for spillage in excess of 2min 
 
Best Practice 
Test all sides of natural draft flues since draft may be uneven 
 
Tools: 
1. Smoke pencil 2. Timer 3. Mirror 
 
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 Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety 2.0201.3b - Carbon monoxide (CO) test in appliance 
 
General 
 
vent 
 
2.0201.3b - Carbon monoxide (CO) test in appliance vent 
Desired Outcome: Accurate information about appliance safe operation is gathered 
Specification(s): CO will be tested for in undiluted flue gases of combustion appliances 
In conditions with largest negative pressure as determined from Detail 2.0201.1e: 
If CO levels exceed 400 ppm air-free measurement in furnaces, service will be provided to reduce CO to below these levels (unless CO measurement is within manufacturer specifications) 
If CO levels exceed 200 ppm air-free measurement in water heaters or room heaters, service will be provided to reduce CO to below these levels (unless CO measurement is within manufacturer specifications) 
Objective(s): Measure CO and report excessive levels 
 
Unsafe 
CO levels cannot exceed 200ppm as measured, unless to manufacturer specs 
 
Best Practice 
Test CO levels in undiluted flue gases and exhaust outlets, when accessible 
 
Tools: 
1. Combustion analyzer with probe 2. Personal carbon monoxide detector 
 
It is recommended as a best practice that technicians in the field have a dedicated CO monitoring device on their person to monitor ambient CO levels independent of the combustion analyzer. 
 
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 Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Combustion Safety 2.0201.3b - Carbon monoxide (CO) test in appliance 
 
General 
 
vent 
 
CO levels cannot exceed 200ppm, or Test undiluted flue gases in induced- Test undiluted flue gases in natural 
 
400ppm air-free CO 
 
draft furnaces 
 
draft furnaces 
 
Test undiluted flue gases in natural draft water heaters. 
 
Test accessible exhaust outlets for direct-vent appliances 
 
Test accessible exhaust outlets for power-vented appliances 
 
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 Health and Safety > Combustion Safety > Unvented Space Heaters 
2.0202.1 - Unvented Space Heaters: Propane, Natural Gas, and Kerosene Heaters 
Desired Outcome: Elimination of combustion byproducts 
2.0202.1a - Removal 
Desired Outcome: Elimination of combustion byproducts 
Specification(s): With the occupant's permission, unvented heaters will be removed, except when used as a secondary heat source and when it can be confirmed that the unit is listed to ANSI Z21.11.2 Units that are not being operated in compliance with ANSI Z21.11.2 should be removed before the retrofit but may remain until a replacement heating system is in place Failure to remove unvented space heaters serving as primary heat sources has the potential to create hazardous conditions and thus any further weatherization services will be re-evaluated in the context of potential indoor air quality risks 
Objective(s): Eliminate sources of combustion byproduct within a living space 
2.0202.1b - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Elimination of combustion byproducts 
Specification(s): Occupant will be educated on potential hazards of unvented combustion appliances (primary or secondary) within a living space 
Objective(s): Inform occupant about possible hazards associated with combustion byproducts and moisture 
 
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2.0203.1 - Combustion Air for Natural Draft Appliances 
Desired Outcome: Sufficient air provided in the Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) 
2.0203.1a - Required combustion air 
Desired Outcome: Sufficient air provided in the Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) 
Specification(s): The required volume of indoor air will be determined in accordance with IRC and authority having jurisdiction, except that where the air infiltration rate is known to be less than 0.40 air changes per hour (ACH), IRC will be used 
Exception: Existing appliances that have passed combustion safety testing per BPI 1200 are deemed to have sufficient combustion air 
Objective(s): Determine if existing conditions meet the combustion air calculation 
 
2.0203.1b - Additional combustion air (if action is required) 
Desired Outcome: Sufficient air provided in the Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) 
Specification(s): Additional combustion air will be provided in accordance with IRC and authority having jurisdiction when necessary to solve spillage problems 
Objective(s): Ensure adequate combustion air for operation of the appliance 
 
2.0203.1c - Spillage testing 
Desired Outcome: Sufficient air provided in the Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) 
 
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2.0203.1c - Spillage testing 
 
Specification(s): If spillage in a combustion appliance with a warm vent exceeds two minutes during pressure testing, specify measures to mitigate 
If spillage in a combustion appliance with a cold vent exceeds five minutes during pressure testing, specify measures to mitigate 
Objective(s): Detect excessive spillage of combustion gases 
 
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2.0203.2 - Combustion Flue Gas--Orphaned Water Heaters 
Desired Outcome: Flue gasses successfully removed from the house 
2.0203.2a - Spillage testing 
Desired Outcome: Flue gasses successfully removed from the house Specification(s): If spillage in a combustion appliance with a warm vent exceeds two minutes during pressure testing, specify measures to mitigate If spillage in a combustion appliance with a cold vent exceeds five minutes during pressure testing, specify measures to mitigate Objective(s): Detect excessive spillage of combustion gases 
 
Unsafe 
Orphaned water heaters have oversized flues after a furnace is removed 
Tools: 
1. Timer or stopwatch 2. Smoke pencil 3. Mirror 
 
Unsafe 
Spillage should not exceed 2 minutes, if present 
 
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2.0203.2b - Flue gas removal (chimney liner or approved methods) 
 
2.0203.2b - Flue gas removal (chimney liner or approved methods) 
 
Desired Outcome: Flue gasses successfully removed from the house 
 
Specification(s): A chimney liner will be installed in accordance with the IRC or applicable NFPA standard 
 
Objective(s): Allow water heater to vent properly 
Prevent damage to the chimney 
 
Tools: 
1. hammer drill 2. disposable brushes 3. tin snips 4. 5/16" nut driver 5. pulling cone 6. rope 7. caulking gun 8. tape measure 
 
Materials: 
1. Flexible chimney liner 2. Elbows 3. Tees 4. Refractory cement 5. Rain cap 6. Thimble 7. Bricks 8. Mortar 
 
Connect chimney liner to appliance in accordance with applicable codes. 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Identify masonry chimneys being used as combustion appliance vents 
 
Measure from the bottom termination to the chimney crown. Add one foot to the measurement and cut the liner to length 
 
Pull the liner to the desired position with a rope and pulling cone 
 
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2.0203.2c - Retesting spillage 
 
4 
Cut liner off 4 inches above top of chimney crown 
 
5 
Complete the top and bottom connections 
 
6 
Seal around penetrations in chimney with refractory cement 
 
2.0203.2c - Retesting spillage 
Desired Outcome: Flue gasses successfully removed from the house 
Specification(s): If a combustion appliance spillage exceeds two minutes during pressure testing, specify measures to mitigate 
Objective(s): Ensure appliance is not spilling longer than two minutes with a warm vent 
 
 Before 
If spillage continues to exceed 2 min, additional repairs are required 
 
 After 
The elimination of the oversized chimney should prevent spillage 
 
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Tools: 1. Timer or stopwatch 2. Smoke pencil 3. Mirror 
 
2.0203.2c - Retesting spillage 
 
1 
 
2 
 
Retest for spillage. If spillage remains, Repipe the flue to eliminate the 
 
more repair is needed. 
 
oversized chimney 
 
3 
When repairs have been completed, no spillage should occur after two minutes 
 
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2.0203.4 - Occupant Education 
Desired Outcome: Ensure persistence of resident safety 
2.0203.4a - Occupant health and safety 
Desired Outcome: Ensure persistence of resident safety 
Specification(s): All homes will have a functioning CO alarm 
If CO levels in interior living spaces exceed outdoor levels, potential sources will be investigated and appropriate action taken to reduce them (e.g., have a qualified professional tune, repair, or replace improperly operating combustion appliances; apply weather stripping or conduct air sealing between the garage or crawl space and the home) 
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety 
Ensure indoor CO levels do not exceed outdoor CO levels 
 
2.0203.4b - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Ensure persistence of resident safety 
Specification(s): Occupants will be educated on the operation and maintenance of the CO alarm 
Completed work on combustion appliances and recommended maintenance will be reviewed with occupant 
Occupant will be provided information regarding the health effects and risk of high CO concentrations; EPA provides possible expanded actions and offers client education information in an appendix to the protocols 
Objective(s): 
 
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Ensure occupant can operate and maintain installations Inform occupant regarding possible CO hazards 
 
2.0203.4b - Occupant education 
 
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 Health and Safety > Safety Devices > Combustion Safety Devices 
2.0301.1 - Smoke Alarm 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed smoke alarms Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
2.0301.1a - Smoke alarm (hardwired) 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed smoke alarms 
Specification(s): When installing hardwired smoke alarms, it will be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 217 and installed in accordance with the IRC or as required by the authority having jurisdiction 
Objective(s): Ensure proper installation 
2.0301.1b - Smoke alarm (battery operated) 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed smoke alarms 
Specification(s): When installing battery operated smoke alarms, it will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Ensure proper installation 
 
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2.0301.2 - Carbon Monoxide Alarm or Monitor 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed CO alarms or monitors 
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
2.0301.2a - CO detection and warning equipment (hardwired) 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed CO alarms or monitors 
Specification(s): Hardwired CO detection or warning equipment will be installed in accordance with the ASHRAE 62.2 or as required by the authority having jurisdiction 
Installation will be accomplished by a licensed electrician when required by the authority having jurisdiction 
Objective(s): Ensure proper installation 
2.0301.2b - CO detection and warning equipment (battery operated) 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed CO alarms or monitors 
Specification(s): Battery-operated CO detection or warning equipment will be installed in accordance with the ASHRAE 62.2 and manufacturer specifications as required by the authority having jurisdiction 
Objective(s): Ensure proper installation 
 
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 Health and Safety > Moisture > Vapor Barriers 
2.0403.1 - Vented Crawl Spaces--Ground Moisture Barrier 
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective ground moisture barrier provides long-lasting access and minimizes ground vapor 
2.0403.1b - Coverage 
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective ground moisture barrier provides long-lasting access and minimizes ground vapor Specification(s): A ground moisture barrier that covers the exposed crawl space floor will be installed Objective(s): Reduce ground moisture entering the crawl space 
 
 Before 
Uncovered crawl space floors can cause moisture damage 
 
 After 
Ground moisture barrier to cover 100% of floor is installed last 
 
Materials: 
1. Plastic sheeting (at least 6 mil) 2. Furring strips 3. Fasteners 4. Polyurethane construction adhesive 
 
2.0403.1c - Material specification 
Desired Outcome: 
 
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2.0403.1d - Overlap seams 
 
Durable, effective ground moisture barrier provides long-lasting access and minimizes ground vapor 
Specification(s): A ground moisture barrier with a rating of no more than 0.1 perm will be used 
A ground moisture barrier will be used that meets tear and puncture resistance standard ASTM E1745 
Homeowner will be advised that all plastic is biodegradable and will have a life span much shorter than the home (5 years), and it will need replacing to remain effective 
Objective(s): Ensure crawl space is accessible for service and maintenance without damaging the integrity of the ground moisture barrier 
 
 After 
Barrier must be at least 6 mil and be tear and puncture resistant 
Materials: 
1. Plastic sheeting (at least 6 mil) 2. Furring strips 3. Fasteners 4. Polyurethane construction adhesive 
 
2.0403.1d - Overlap seams 
 
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective ground moisture barrier provides long-lasting access and minimizes ground vapor 
Specification(s): When seams exist, they will be overlapped a minimum of 12" using reverse or upslope lapping technique 
 
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Objective(s): Keep water under the liner Reduce the likelihood of damage at seams 
 
2.0403.1e - Fastening 
 
 Before 
Ground moisture barriers help keep moisture from permeating floor. 
 
 After 
Ground moisture barrier overlaps at seams at least 12 inches and is securely fastened to walls and ground 
 
Tools: 
1. Stapler 2. Utility knife 3. Drill 
 
Materials: 
1. Ballast 2. Plastic sheeting (at least 6 mil) 3. Furring strips 4. Seam tape - moisture resistant. Examples: Butyl tape, Gorilla tape 5. Landscape staples 6. Polyurethane construction adhesive 
 
1 
Securely fasten moisture barrier to wall at least 6 inches from ground 
 
2 
Overlap seams at least 12 inches, using a reverse shingle method on sloping ground to allow water to drain 
 
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2.0403.1e - Fastening 
 
2.0403.1e - Fastening 
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective ground moisture barrier provides long-lasting access and minimizes ground vapor 
Specification(s): When ground moisture barrier is installed on sloping ground, may be exposed to wind, or accessed for routine maintenance or storage it will be fastened to ground with durable fasteners or ballast(s) 
Objective(s): Prevent movement of the ground moisture barrier 
 
Best Practice 
Ground moisture barrier extends up the wall, is fastened with staples, and is held in place with ballast 
Tools: 
1. Stapler 2. Drill 
 
Materials: 
1. Plastic sheeting (al least 6 mil) 2. Furring strips 3. Staples 4. Landscape staples 5. Cut nails, case hardened nails, or masonry screws 
 
1 
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2.0403.1e - Fastening 
 
Seams on walls can be taped to prevent water leakage 
 
Use mechanical fasteners such as staples or furring strips on the walls. Use ballast or landscape staples on the ground 
 
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2.0403.2 - Closed Crawl Spaces--Ground Moisture Barriers 
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective air barrier and ground moisture barrier provide ongoing access and minimize ground vapor 
2.0403.2b - Coverage 
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective air barrier and ground moisture barrier provide ongoing access and minimize ground vapor 
Specification(s): An air barrier and ground moisture barrier, covering the exposed crawl space floor, will be installed and sealed to the wall's air and moisture barrier in accordance with ASTM E1643 and manufacturer's recommendations Ground moisture barrier will be fastened to ground in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations and extend a minimum of 6 inches up the foundation wall 
Objective(s): Reduce ground moisture entering the crawl space Create a continuous and durable connection between the wall and ground air and moisture barriers 
 
 Before 
Uncovered crawl space floors can lead to moisture issues 
 
 After 
Ground moisture barrier should cover 100% of floor and at least 6" of walls 
 
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2.0403.2c - Material specification 
 
Materials: 
1. Plastic sheeting (al least 6 mil) 2. Furring strips 3. Fasteners 
 
2.0403.2c - Material specification 
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective air barrier and ground moisture barrier provide ongoing access and minimize ground vapor 
Specification(s): A ground moisture barrier with a rating of no more than 0.1 perm will be used 
A ground moisture barrier will be used that meets tear and puncture resistance standard ASTM E1745 
Homeowner will be advised that all plastic is biodegradable and will have a life span much shorter than the home, and it will need replacing to remain effective 
Objective(s): Reduce ground vapor entering the crawl space 
Ensure crawl space is accessible for service and maintenance without destroying the integrity of the moisture barrier 
 
Best Practice 
Barrier must be at least 6 mil, able to withstand puncture and last 10 yrs 
 
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2.0403.2d - Overlap seams 
 
Materials: 
1. Plastic sheeting (at least 6 mil) 2. Furring strips 3. Fasteners 4. Polyurethane construction adhesive 5. Landscape staples 6. Heavy duty tape such as Gorilla Tape or waterproof seam tape 
 
2.0403.2d - Overlap seams 
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective air barrier and ground moisture barrier provide ongoing access and minimize ground vapor 
Specification(s): When seams exist, they will be overlapped a minimum of 12" with reverse or upslope lapping technique 
For wall to floor connection, the wall moisture barrier will be installed under the ground moisture barrier 
Objective(s): Keep water under the liner 
 
 Before 
Ground moisture barriers help keep moisture from permeating floor 
 
 After 
Ground moisture barrier overlaps at least 12 in and is securely fastened 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Health and Safety > Moisture > Vapor Barriers 
Tools: 1. Stapler 2. Utility knife 3. Drill 
 
2.0403.2e - Fastening 
Materials: 1. Ballast 2. Plastic sheeting (at least 6mil) 3. Furring strips 4. Moisture-resistant adhesive tape 
 
1 
Securely fasten moisture barrier to wall at least 6 inches from ground 
 
2 
Overlap seams at least 12 inches, using a shingle method to keep water out 
 
2.0403.2e - Fastening 
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective air barrier and ground moisture barrier provide ongoing access and minimize ground vapor 
Specification(s): When ground moisture barrier is installed on sloping ground, or accessed for routine maintenance or storage it will be fastened to ground with durable fasteners or ballast(s) 
Objective(s): Prevent movement and uplift of the air barrier and ground moisture barrier 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Health and Safety > Moisture > Vapor Barriers 
 
2.0403.2f - Sealing seams 
 
Moisture barrier is fastened to sill with staples, and is weighed down with rebar as ballast 
Tools: 1. Drill 2. Stapler 
 
This closed crawlspace uses spray polyurethane foam to seal vapor barrier to the wall and to seal the rim joist 
Materials: 
1. 6 mil or greater polyethylene sheeting 2. Furring strips 3. Fasteners such as nails, screws, or staples for use on walls 4. Landscape staples, rebar, or bricks to hold sheeting down 5. Spray polyurethane foam may be used to seal rim joist and plastic to walls 
 
2.0403.2f - Sealing seams 
Desired Outcome: Durable, effective air barrier and ground moisture barrier provide ongoing access and minimize ground vapor 
Specification(s): A durable sealant compatible with the air barrier and ground moisture barrier will be used 
Objective(s): Maintain continuous air barrier and ground moisture barrier 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Health and Safety > Moisture > Vapor Barriers 
 
2.0403.2f - Sealing seams 
 
 Before 
Crawl spaces lacking moisture barrier risk moisture penetration of floor 
Tools: 1. Utility knife 
 
 After 
Ground moisture barriers in unvented spaces should be sealed 
Materials: 1. Moisture-resistant adhesive tape, for example, butyl tape or Gorilla tape 
 
1 
Tape wall seams and press to ensure airtight bonding of adhesive 
 
2 
Tape (overlapped) floor seams to prevent movement and water leakage 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Health and Safety > Radon > Air Sealing 
2.0501.1 - Radon--Air Sealing Considerations, Basements, and Crawl spaces 
Desired Outcome: Work completed without increasing occupant exposure to radon 
2.0501.1a - Radon testing and mitigation 
Desired Outcome: Work completed without increasing occupant exposure to radon Specification(s): Radon testing and mitigation will be done in accordance with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Healthy Indoor Environment Protocols for Home Energy Upgrades Objective(s): Reduce potential for occupant exposure to radon 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Health and Safety > Electrical > Knob and Tube Wiring 
2.0601.1 - Knob and Tube Wiring 
Desired Outcome: Live unsafe wiring identified and brought to local codes Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
2.0601.1a - Knob and tube identification 
Desired Outcome: Live unsafe wiring identified and brought to local codes 
Specification(s): Contractor, assessor, auditor, or similar will inspect and assess the house to identify knob and tube wiring 
Objective(s): Ensure occupant safety Preserve the integrity and safety of the house 
 
Knob and tube wiring should be identified before work begins 
 
Distinctive "knobs" are highlighted. This wiring can be a safety hazard 
 
2.0601.1b - Live wire testing 
Desired Outcome: 
 
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 Health and Safety > Electrical > Knob and Tube Wiring 
 
2.0601.1c - Isolation and protection 
 
Live unsafe wiring identified and brought to local codes 
Specification(s): Non-contact testing method will be used to determine if wiring is live 
Objective(s): Protect occupant safety 
Preserve the integrity and safety of the house 
 
 Before 
Knob & tube wiring needs to be tested to determine if still live. Red=live 
Tools: 1. Non-contact wire tester 
 
 After 
Live wiring should be dammed or professionally disabled before insulating 
 
2.0601.1c - Isolation and protection 
Desired Outcome: Live unsafe wiring identified and brought to local codes 
Specification(s): Proper clearance will be maintained around live knob and tube as required by the National Electrical Code ( NEC ) or authority having jurisdiction 
When required, a dam that does not cover the top will be created to separate insulation from the wire path 
Objective(s): Ensure occupant safety 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Health and Safety > Electrical > Knob and Tube Wiring 
Preserve the integrity and safety of the house 
 
2.0601.1c - Isolation and protection 
 
 Before 
Live knob & tube wiring may get hot and should not be insulated over 
 
 After 
Dams should be installed to hold back loose fill insulation 
 
Tools: 
1. Drill 2. Tape measure 3. Non-contact wire tester 
 
Materials: 
1. Plywood 2. Drywall 3. Fasteners 
 
NEC guidelines and local jurisdictions are very particular on the treatment of knob & tube wiring. Check your local codes. 
 
Have a certified electrician verify that wiring is safe to work around 
 
A sign should be posted at all entrances to warn of knob & tube wiring 
 
Warning sign should remind to contact certified electrician for repairs 
 
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 Health and Safety > Electrical > Knob and Tube Wiring 
 
2.0601.1d - Replacement 
 
Many jurisdictions require a sign in Spanish as well 
 
Damming should extend above installed height of insulation 
 
With dams in place, insulation can begin 
 
2.0601.1d - Replacement 
Desired Outcome: Live unsafe wiring identified and brought to local codes 
Specification(s): Wiring will be replaced with new appropriate wiring in accordance with the NEC National Electrical Code and local codes 
Old wiring will be rendered inoperable by licensed electrician in accordance with the NEC National Electrical Code and local codes 
Objective(s): Ensure occupant safety 
Preserve the integrity and safety of the house 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Health and Safety > Electrical > Knob and Tube Wiring 
 
2.0601.1d - Replacement 
 
 Before 
 
 After 
 
Knob and tube wiring may get hot and cannot If possible, k&t wiring should be disabled and 
 
be insulated over 
 
replaced with modern wiring 
 
Tools: 1. Non-contact wire tester 
 
Materials: 1. Romex as needed 
 
NEC guidelines and local jurisdictions have many codes dealing with the treatment of knob & tube wiring. Check your local codes. 
 
The entire knob and tube system should be disabled 
 
Many electricians will remove old 
 
Exposed knob and tube should be 
 
exposed wiring to prevent reactivation replaced with modern wiring 
 
With modern wiring in place and old 
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 Health and Safety > Electrical > Knob and Tube Wiring k&t disabled, insulation can begin 
 
2.0601.1d - Replacement 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Health and Safety > Occupant Education and Access > Basements and Crawl Spaces 
2.0701.1 - Crawl Spaces--Providing New Access 
Desired Outcome: Access to the closed crawl space is controlled and the ground moisture barrier is protected to maintain the integrity of the system 
2.0701.1a - Crawl Spaces - Providing New Access 
Desired Outcome: Access to the closed crawl space is controlled and the ground moisture barrier is protected to maintain the integrity of the system 
Specification(s): Crawl space will be accessible in accordance with IRC Access to mechanical equipment located in the crawl space will be in accordance with IRC Service and maintenance of the crawl space and equipment will be performed without risk of damage to the thermal barrier, air barrier, and ground moisture barrier in accordance with IRC 
Objective(s): Provide crawl space access Maintain integrity of the crawl space system 
2.0701.1b - Security 
Desired Outcome: Access to the closed crawl space is controlled and the ground moisture barrier is protected to maintain the integrity of the system 
Specification(s): At client's/resident's discretion, a lockable access will be provided if access is from the exterior. 
Objective(s): Control access and prevent intruders 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Health and Safety > Occupant Education and Access > Basements and Crawl Spaces 
2.0701.2 - Crawl Space Information Sign 
Desired Outcome: Posted signs inside of the crawl space provide essential safety and maintenance information to occupant and users of the crawl space Note: 
2.0701.2a - Sign specifications 
Desired Outcome: Posted signs inside of the crawl space provide essential safety and maintenance information to occupant and users of the crawl space 
Specification(s): A durable, easily seen sign will be installed at all accesses inside of the crawl space (minimum 8 " x 11") A minimum expected service life of 10 years will be ensured 
Objective(s): Prevent damage to the crawl space after upgrade 
 
Crawl space access points should have signage to alert occupant and workers 
 
Best Practice 
Sign should be highly-visible, securelyfastened, and durable 
 
2.0701.2b - Sign content 
Desired Outcome: Posted signs inside of the crawl space provide essential safety and maintenance information to 
 
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2.0701.2b - Sign content 
 
occupant and users of the crawl space 
Specification(s): Those entering the crawl space will be cautioned not to damage the air barrier, ground moisture barrier, insulation, and mechanical components specific to the crawl space type 
Anyone entering the crawl space will be alerted that immediate repairs are needed in case of damage 
Installer contact information will be included on the sign in case there are questions or needs for repairs 
Objective(s): Prevent damage to the crawl space after upgrade 
Educate anyone entering the crawl space 
Provide occupants with a way to contact the installer 
 
Best Practice 
Mount sign where clearly visible to anyone entering crawl space 
Tools: 1. Printer 2. Staple gun 
 
Be sure sign includes relevant information to aid occupant in repairs 
Materials: 1. Paper 2. Laminant 3. Staples 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Health and Safety > Occupant Education and Access > Basements and Crawl Spaces 2.0701.2c - Hazard warning 
 
Hacer la seal en espaol tambin 
2.0701.2c - Hazard warning 
Desired Outcome: Posted signs inside of the crawl space provide essential safety and maintenance information to occupant and users of the crawl space Specification(s): Language prohibiting storage of hazardous and flammable materials will be provided on site Objective(s): Prevent storage of hazardous or flammable materials in the crawl space Maintain indoor air quality Prevent a fire hazard 
 
Alert those entering the crawl space never to store hazardous materials 
Best Practice 
Mount sign where anyone entering the crawl space can see it 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Health and Safety > Occupant Education and Access > Basements and Crawl Spaces 2.0701.2c - Hazard warning 
 
Tools: 
1. Staple gun 2. Printer 
 
Materials: 
1. Paper 2. Laminant 3. Staples 
 
Hacer la seal en espaol tambin 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases 
3.1001.1 - Penetrations and Chases 
Desired Outcome: Penetrations and chases sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
3.1001.1d - High temperature application 
Desired Outcome: Penetrations and chases sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space Specification(s): Only non-combustible sealant will be used in contact with chimneys, vents, and flues Local codes will be referenced Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard 
 
 Before 
Gaps around combustion exhaust flues need to be sealed 
 
 After 
Sealed penetrations and chases should utilize high-temperature materials 
 
Tools: 
1. Drill/screwdriver 2. Caulk gun 3. Metal snips 
 
Materials: 
1. High-temperature caulking 2. 26-gauge steel sheeting 
 
See 3.1402.1c for Clearance Requirements 
 
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 Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases 
 
3.1001.1d - High temperature application 
 
1 
Prepare work area by removing any insulation and debris 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Use high-temperature caulking (600F Apply first ring of caulking to match 
 
min) 
 
shape of opening 
 
4 
Apply second ring of caulking to size and shape of rigid material 
 
5 
 
6 
 
Fasten rigid material (26-gauge steel) Fasten rigid material to cover 
 
and apply additional caulking 
 
penetration and seal against flue with 
 
caulk 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases 
3.1001.2 - Chase Capping 
Desired Outcome: Chase capped to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
3.1001.2a - Pre-inspection 
Desired Outcome: Chase capped to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): An inspection will be conducted for mold, water leaks, and water damage before sealing a chase 
Repairs will be completed before work begins 
Objective(s): Repair moisture-related issues 
Tools: 1. flashlight 2. headlamp 3. hammer 4. prybar 5. circular saw 6. reciprocating saw 7. borescope 8. mirror 
 
1 
 
2 
 
Locate and expose chases to prepare Clear away insulation and debris to 
 
3 
Carefully investigate areas with high 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases 
 
3.1001.2b - Standard chase (interior walls covered with drywall or plaster) 
 
for inspection and capping/sealing 
 
allow inspection 
 
potential for water leaks 
 
3.1001.2b - Standard chase (interior walls covered with drywall or plaster) 
Desired Outcome: Chase capped to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Entire opening will be spanned with rigid material 
Material will be cut to fit and fastened as required 
Objective(s): Reduce opening to what can be sealed with sealant 
 
 Before 
Unsealed standard chases covered with drywall can be leakage points 
Tools: 1. Drill/screwdriver 2. Caulk gun 
 
 After 
The air barrier is be maintained by capping chases with rigid material 
Materials: 
1. XPS 2. Drywall 3. Caulk 4. Sheet metal 5. OSB or plywood 
 
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 Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases 
 
3.1001.2c - Non-standard chase (interior walls covered with wood or paneling) 
 
1 
Clear area of debris and insulation in preparation for work 
 
2 
Apply sealant all the way around opening 
 
3 
Trim rigid material, such as drywall or XPS, to size and place over sealant 
 
4 
Fasten rigid material appropriately, such as with screws 
3.1001.2c - Non-standard chase (interior walls covered with wood or paneling) 
Desired Outcome: Chase capped to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Material will be used that can be exposed to the interior of the house and meet the flame and smoke spread indexes as required in IRC 
Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard 
 
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3.1001.2d - Support 
 
 Before 
Paneled drop soffits typically are more combustible than plain drywall 
 
 After 
When sealing on attic side, drywall and XPS are viable materials 
 
Tools: 
1. Drywall saw 2. Tape measure 3. Caulk gun 4. Drill 
 
Materials: 
1. Drywall 2. XPS 3. Fire-block sealant 4. Fasteners 
 
EPS or bead-board are not acceptable materials. 
 
Sealing with drywall reduces overall combustibility of paneled chases 
 
Sealing with XPS also reduces overall combustibility of paneled chases 
 
3.1001.2d - Support 
Desired Outcome: Chase capped to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Support material will be installed for spans wider than 24", except when air barrier material is rated 
 
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 Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases 
to span greater distance under load (e.g., wind, insulation) Objective(s): Ensure seal stays in place and does not sag 
 
3.1001.2d - Support 
 
 Before 
Spans greater than 24 inches require additional bracing before capping 
Tools: 
1. Drill 2. Saw 3. Tape measure 
 
 After 
Support should prevent cap from sagging or moving 
Materials: 
1. Lumber 2. Drywall 3. Fasteners 
 
Create bracing to support spans larger When supporting from above, apply than 24", either from above or below adhesive between drywall and 
bracing 
 
Bracing can be screwed to drywall before capping chase 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases 
 
3.1001.2e - Joint seal 
 
Ensure new bracing is secure by using Once chase is capped, it is now ready 
 
screws to fasten to joist 
 
to be sealed along framing 
 
3.1001.2e - Joint seal 
Desired Outcome: Chase capped to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Continuous seal will be installed around seams, cracks, joints, edges, penetrations, and connections 
Objective(s): Provide airtight, durable seal that does not move, bend, or sag 
 
 Before 
Chases need to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage 
Tools: 1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun 
 
 After 
Chase is sealed along all cracks, gaps, and penetrations 
Materials: 1. Spray foam 2. Caulk 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases 
Always wear protective gloves when working with sealants. 
 
3.1001.2f - Adjacent framing 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Chase has been capped but needs to Sealant is used to fill in all cracks and Cap is sealed 
 
be sealed 
 
gaps along edges of chase cap 
 
3.1001.2f - Adjacent framing 
Desired Outcome: Chase capped to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): All remaining gaps at the top of the chase will be sealed 
Objective(s): Ensure airtight seal from one finished side of the chase to the other 
 
 Before 
Chases need to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage 
 
 After 
Chase is sealed along all cracks, gaps, and penetrations 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases 
 
Tools: 
1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Spray foam 2. Caulk 
 
Always wear gloves when working with sealant. 
 
3.1001.2f - Adjacent framing 
 
1 
 
2 
 
Sealant is used to fill in all cracks and gaps along edges of Extend seal along adjacent framing chase cap 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases 
3.1001.3 - Walls Open to Attic--Balloon Framing and Double Walls 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
3.1001.3b - Sealing methods 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Entire opening will be spanned with rigid material in line with the ceiling level Material will be cut to fit and fastened as required OR Wall below openings will be dense packed OR Wall below openings will be bridged and sealed with spray polyurethane foam (SPF) Sealants will be used that prevent visible air movement using chemical smoke at 50 pascals of pressure difference 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage from wall cavity to attic 
 
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3.1001.3b - Sealing methods 
 
 Before 
Wall cavities are open to attic 
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Insulation machine 4. Caulk gun 5. Spray foam gun 
 
 After 
Whatever option chosen, test for visible air movement with smoke pencil 
Materials: 
1. Drywall 2. XPS 3. Spray foam 4. Caulk 5. Fasteners 6. Dense packable insulation 7. Lumber 
 
Option 1: Dense pack cavities through Option 2: Bridge cavities with spray 
 
wood cap fastened in place 
 
foam 
 
Option 3, Step 1: Apply sealant around opening and on surrounding framing 
 
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 Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases 
 
3.1001.3c - Support 
 
Option 3, Step 2, Option A: Cap with XPS and seal exposed joints 
 
Option 3, Step 2, Option B: Cap with drywall and seal exposed joints 
 
3.1001.3c - Support 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Support material will be installed for spans wider than 24", except when air barrier material is rated to span greater distance under load (e.g., wind, insulation) 
Objective(s): Ensure seal stays in place and does not sag 
 
 Before 
Spans greater than 24 inches require additional bracing before capping 
 
 After 
Support should prevent cap from sagging or moving 
 
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 Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases 
Tools: 1. Saw 2. Drill 3. Tape measure 
 
Materials: 
1. Lumber 2. Drywall 3. Fasteners 
 
3.1001.3d - Joint seal 
 
Create bracing to support spans larger When supporting from above, apply than 24", either from above or below adhesive between drywall and 
bracing 
 
Bracing can be screwed to drywall before capping chase 
 
Ensure new bracing is secure by using Once chase is capped, it is now ready 
 
screws to fasten to joist 
 
to be sealed along framing 
 
3.1001.3d - Joint seal 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Continuous seal will be installed around seams, cracks, joints, edges, penetrations, and connections 
Objective(s): Provide airtight, durable seal that does not move, bend, or sag 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases 
 
3.1001.3e - Adjacent framing 
 
 Before 
Balloon framing needs to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage 
Tools: 1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun 
 
 After 
All edges of the cap should be sealed to surrounding surfaces 
Materials: 1. Spray foam 2. Caulk 
 
For rigid material applications, extend sealant along all seams 
 
Extend sealant or SPF along joist to seal all gaps 
 
3.1001.3e - Adjacent framing 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): All remaining gaps at the top of the opening will be sealed 
OR 
All remaining gaps at the top of the chase will be sealed 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
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3.1001.3e - Adjacent framing 
 
Objective(s): Ensure airtight seal from one finished side of the wall assembly to the other 
 
 Before 
Balloon framing needs to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage 
Tools: 1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun 
 
 After 
All edges of the cap should be sealed to surrounding surfaces, including adjacent framing 
Materials: 1. Spray foam (SPF) 2. Caulk 
 
For rigid material applications, sealant should be applied to When using SPF to bridge cavity, extend SPF along joist 
 
framing 
 
and adjacent framing 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Attics > Penetrations and Chases 
 
3.1001.10 - Non-Insulation Contact (IC) Recessed Light 
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage 
3.1001.10a - Air barrier system 
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage 
Specification(s): A fire-rated air barrier system (i.e. equivalent to 5/8 fire code gypsum wallboard) will be used to separate non-IC rated recessed lights from insulation, using one of the methods below: A fire-rated airtight closure taller than surrounding attic insulation will be placed over non-IC rated recessed lights OR The non-IC rated light fixture will be replaced with an airtight and IC- rated fixture OR The fixture(s) may be replaced with surface mounted fixture and opening sealed 
Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard Prevent air leakage through fixture 
 
3.1001.10b - Enclosure top 
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage 
Specification(s): The top-fire rated enclosure material will have an R-value of 0.5 or less 
The top of the enclosure will be left free of insulation 
 
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3.1001.10c - Clearance 
 
Objective(s): Prevent heat build up 
 
3.1001.10c - Clearance 
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage 
Specification(s): The entire closure will maintain a 3" clearance between the closure and the fixture including wiring, box, and ballast 
Objective(s): Keep an air space around the fixture 
 
3.1001.10d - Sealants and weather stripping 
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage 
Specification(s): Caulk, mastic, or foam will be used on all edges, gaps, cracks, holes, and penetrations of closure material only 
Objective(s): To prevent air leakage, completely adhere the sealant to all surfaces to be sealed 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Attics > Dropped Ceilings and Soffits 
3.1003.1 - New Ceiling Below Original--Old Ceiling Intact or Repairable 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space Note: 
3.1003.1b - Sealing methods 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Entire opening will be spanned with rigid material in line with the ceiling level Material will be cut to fit and fastened as required OR Side of stud bays will be sealed with rigid material from bottom of dropped ceiling to top-plate OR Wall below openings will be dense packed OR Wall below openings will be bridged and sealed with SPF Seals will be used that prevent visible air movement using chemical smoke at 50 pascals of pressure difference 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage from dropped ceiling to attic 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
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3.1003.1b - Sealing methods 
 
 Before 
Damage to an older ceiling reveals the new ceiling below 
 
 After 
Rigid material sealed in place creates an air barrier 
 
Tools: 
1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Drill 4. Insulation machine 5. Caulk gun 6. Spray foam gun 7. Tape measure 
 
Materials: 
1. Caulk sealant 2. Rigid material -- XPS or Drywall 3. Spray foam 4. Fasteners 5. Dense packable insulation 6. Wrapped fiberglass batts 
 
Prepare work area by removing existing insulation and debris 
 
Option 1, Step 1: Run a bead of 
 
Option 1, Step 2: Cover openings with 
 
sealant around damage in old ceiling rigid material, either XPS or drywall 
 
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3.1003.1c - Support 
 
Option 2: Seal with rigid material along Option 3: Dense pack cavities through Option 4: Bridge cavities at new ceiling 
 
face of stud cavities 
 
fastened wood plate 
 
level with wrapped batts and SPF 
 
Whatever option chosen, test with chemical smoke to verify no leakage 
3.1003.1c - Support 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Support material will be installed for spans wider than 24", except when air barrier material is rated to span greater distance under load (e.g., wind, insulation) 
Objective(s): Ensure seal stays in place and does not sag 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
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3.1003.1c - Support 
 
 Before 
Spans greater than 24 inches require additional bracing before capping 
Tools: 
1. Saw 2. Drill 3. Tape measure 
 
 After 
Support should prevent cap from sagging or moving 
Materials: 
1. Lumber 2. Drywall 3. Fasteners 
 
Create bracing to support spans larger When supporting from above, apply than 24", either from above or below adhesive between drywall and 
bracing 
 
Bracing can be screwed to drywall before capping chase 
 
Ensure new bracing is secure by using Once chase is capped, it is now ready 
 
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screws to fasten to joist 
 
to be sealed along framing 
 
3.1003.1d - Joint seal 
 
3.1003.1d - Joint seal 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Continuous seal will be installed around seams, cracks, joints, edges, penetrations, and connections 
Objective(s): Provide airtight, durable seal that does not move, bend, or sag 
 
 Before 
Damage to an old ceiling reveals a newer ceiling below 
Tools: 1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun 
 
 After 
No gaps should remain after sealant is applied 
Materials: 1. Caulk 2. Spray foam 
 
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3.1003.1e - Adjacent framing 
 
1 
 
2 
 
Apply sealant to surrounding surfaces Sealant should extend along joists 
 
before setting cap in place 
 
and into seams at top plates 
 
3 
Once cap is set, apply sealant to remaining gaps and along all seams 
 
3.1003.1e - Adjacent framing 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): All remaining gaps will be sealed at the top of the dropped ceiling 
OR 
All remaining gaps at the top of the chase will be sealed 
Objective(s): Provide airtight framing from one finished side of the dropped ceiling to the other 
 
 Before 
Damage to an older ceiling reveals the new ceiling below 
 
 After 
No gaps should remain after spray foam is applied 
 
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Tools: 
1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Spray foam 2. Caulk sealant 
 
3.1003.1e - Adjacent framing 
 
1 
Caulk along all joists before setting cap 
 
2 
Use sealant to fill all remaining gaps 
 
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3.1003.2 - Ceiling Leaks Not Repairable--No Air Barrier Above 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space Note: 
3.1003.2c - Support 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Support material will be installed for spans wider than 24", except when air barrier material is rated to span greater distance under load (e.g., wind, insulation) 
Objective(s): Ensure seal stays in place and does not sag 
 
 Before 
Spans greater than 24 inches require additional bracing before capping 
Tools: 
1. Drill 2. Saw 3. Tape measure 
 
 After 
Support should prevent cap from sagging or moving 
Materials: 
1. Lumber 2. Drywall 3. Fasteners 
 
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3.1003.2d - Joint seal 
 
Create bracing to support spans larger When supporting from above, apply than 24", either from above or below adhesive between drywall and 
bracing 
 
Bracing can be screwed to drywall before capping chase 
 
Ensure new bracing is secure by using Once chase is capped, it is now ready 
 
screws to fasten to joist 
 
to be sealed along framing 
 
3.1003.2d - Joint seal 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Continuous seal will be installed around seams, cracks, joints, edges, penetrations, and connections 
Objective(s): Provide airtight, durable seal that does not move, bend, or sag 
 
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3.1003.2e - Adjacent framing 
 
 Before 
Dropped soffits need to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage 
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun 
 
 After 
No gaps should remain after sealant is applied 
Materials: 1. Spray foam 2. Caulk 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Apply sealant to surrounding surfaces Sealant should extend along surround Once cap is set, apply sealant to 
 
before setting cap in place 
 
joist and into seams at top plates 
 
remaining gaps and along all seams 
 
3.1003.2e - Adjacent framing 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): All remaining gaps will be sealed at the top of the dropped ceiling 
OR 
 
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3.1003.2e - Adjacent framing 
 
All remaining gaps at the top of the chase will be sealed 
Objective(s): Provide airtight framing from one finished side of the dropped ceiling to the other 
 
 Before 
Dropped soffits need to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage 
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun 
 
 After 
No gaps should remain after sealant is applied along adjacent framing 
Materials: 1. Spray foam 2. Caulk sealant 
 
1 
Sealant should have been along all joists and adjacent framing before cap was set 
 
2 
Additional sealant should fill in all remaining gaps after cap has been set 
 
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3.1003.3 - Above Closets and Tubs 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space Note: 
3.1003.3b - Above closets and tubs 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Entire opening will be spanned with rigid material in line with the ceiling level Material will be cut to fit and fastened as required OR Side of stud bays will be sealed with rigid material from bottom of dropped ceiling to top-plate OR Wall below openings will be dense packed OR Wall below openings will be bridged and sealed with SPF Seals will be used that prevent visible air movement using chemical smoke at 50 pascals of pressure difference 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage from dropped ceiling to attic 
 
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3.1003.3b - Above closets and tubs 
 
 Before 
Unsealed drop soffits over tubs and closets can be a point of leakage 
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Tape measure 4. Insulation machine 5. Drill 6. Caulk gun 7. Spray foam gun 8. Smoke pencil 
 
 After 
Capped soffits minimize leakage to and from unconditioned spaces 
Materials: 
1. XPS 2. Drywall 3. Plywood 4. Caulk 5. Spray foam 6. Dense packable insulation 7. Fasteners 8. Wrapped fiberglass batts 
 
Option 1, Step 1: Apply sealant to top- Option 1, Step 2: Cover soffit with 
 
plates or other relevant surfaces 
 
rigid material, such as drywall 
 
Option 1, Step 3: Secure the rigid material with screws 
 
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3.1003.3c - Support 
 
Option 2: Cover face of stud bay with Option 3: Dense pack cavity through Option 4: Bridge stud bay with 
 
rigid material, like XPS or plywood 
 
fastened wood cap 
 
wrapped fiberglass and spray foam 
 
All Options: Test with smoke pencil to verify no air movement 
3.1003.3c - Support 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Support material will be installed for spans wider than 24", except when air barrier material is rated to span greater distance under load (e.g., wind, insulation) 
Objective(s): Ensure seal stays in place and does not sag 
 
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3.1003.3c - Support 
 
 Before 
Spans greater than 24 inches require additional bracing before capping 
Tools: 
1. Drill 2. Saw 3. Tape measure 
 
 After 
Support should prevent cap from sagging or moving 
Materials: 
1. Lumber 2. Drywall 3. Fasteners 
 
Create bracing to support spans larger When supporting from above, apply than 24", either from above or below adhesive between drywall and 
bracing 
 
Bracing can be screwed to drywall before capping chase 
 
Ensure new bracing is secure by using Once chase is capped, it is now ready 
 
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screws to fasten to joist 
 
to be sealed along framing 
 
3.1003.3d - Joint seal 
 
3.1003.3d - Joint seal 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Continuous seal will be installed around seams, cracks, joints, edges, penetrations, and connections 
Objective(s): Provide airtight, durable seal that does not move, bend, or sag 
 
 Before 
Uninsulated soffits can cause leakage to and from unconditioned spaces 
 
 After 
No gaps should remain after spray foam is applied 
 
Tools: 
1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Caulk 2. Spray foam 
 
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3.1003.3e - Adjacent framing 
 
1 
Caulk surrounding surfaces before setting cap in place 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Sealant should extend along surround Once cap is set, apply sealant to 
 
joist and into seams at top plates 
 
remaining gaps and along all seams 
 
3.1003.3e - Adjacent framing 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): All remaining gaps at the top of the dropped ceiling will be sealed 
Objective(s): Provide airtight framing from one finished side of the dropped ceiling to the other 
 
 Before 
Dropped soffits need to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage 
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun 
 
 After 
No gaps should remain after sealant is applied along adjacent framing 
Materials: 1. Caulk sealant 2. Spray foam 
 
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3.1003.3e - Adjacent framing 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Apply sealant to surrounding surfaces Sealant should extend along adjacent Additional sealant should fill in all 
 
before setting cap in place 
 
framing and into seams at top plates remaining gaps after cap has been set 
 
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3.1003.4 - Dropped Ceilings 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
3.1003.4c - Support 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Support material will be installed for spans wider than 24", except when air barrier material is rated to span greater distance under load (e.g., wind, insulation) 
Objective(s): Ensure seal stays in place and does not sag 
 
 Before 
Spans greater than 24 inches require additional bracing before capping 
Tools: 
1. Saw 2. Drill 3. Tape measure 
 
 After 
Support should prevent cap from sagging or moving 
Materials: 
1. Lumber 2. Drywall 3. Fasteners 
 
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3.1003.4d - Joint seal 
 
Create bracing to support spans larger When supporting from above, apply than 24", either from above or below adhesive between drywall and 
bracing 
 
Bracing can be screwed to drywall before capping chase 
 
Ensure new bracing is secure by using Once chase is capped, it is now ready 
 
screws to fasten to joist 
 
to be sealed along framing 
 
3.1003.4d - Joint seal 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Continuous seal will be installed around seams, cracks, joints, edges, penetrations, and connections 
Pre-fabricated units may be used when meeting the desired outcome 
Objective(s): Provide airtight, durable seal that does not move, bend or sag 
 
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3.1003.4e - Adjacent framing 
 
 Before 
Dropped soffits need to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage 
Tools: 1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun 
 
 After 
No gaps should remain after spray foam is applied 
Materials: 1. Spray foam 2. Caulk sealant 
 
1 
Caulk surrounding surfaces before setting cap in place 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Sealant should extend along surround Once cap is set, apply sealant to 
 
joist and into seams at top plates 
 
remaining gaps and along all seams 
 
3.1003.4e - Adjacent framing 
Desired Outcome: Continuous air barrier prevents air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): All remaining gaps will be sealed at the top of the dropped ceiling 
OR 
 
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3.1003.4e - Adjacent framing 
 
All remaining gaps at the top of the chase will be sealed 
Objective(s): Provide airtight framing from one finished side of the dropped ceiling to the other 
 
 Before 
Dropped soffits need to be capped and sealed to prevent leakage 
Tools: 1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun 
 
 After 
No gaps should remain after sealant is applied along adjacent framing 
Materials: 1. Spray foam 2. Caulk 
 
1 
Sealant should have been along all joists and framing before cap was set 
 
2 
Additional sealant should fill in all remaining gaps after cap has been set 
 
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3.1003.6 - Dropped Soffits 
Desired Outcome: Dropped soffits sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space Note: 
3.1003.6b - Soffit general 
Desired Outcome: Dropped soffits sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Air flow will be blocked at soffit in locations where access allows 
Objective(s): Provide continuous air barrier across soffit openings 
 
 Before 
Accessible drop soffits should be sealed to prevent heat gain/loss 
 
 After 
Completely sealed drop soffits and chases minimize heat transfer 
 
Tools: 
1. Measuring tape 2. Utility knife 3. Caulk gun 4. Spray foam gun 5. Saw 6. Drill 
 
Materials: 
1. Caulk 2. Spray foam 3. Lumber 4. XPS 5. Fasteners 
 
There are a variety of ways to seal soffits. Please examine 3.1003.6c and 3.1003.6d for more 
 
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information. 
 
3.1003.6c - Option 1: bring soffit inside (seal at top) 
 
3.1003.6c - Option 1: bring soffit inside (seal at top) 
Desired Outcome: Dropped soffits sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Entire opening will be spanned with rigid material in line with the ceiling level 
Material will be cut to fit and fastened as required 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage from wall to attic 
Reduce opening to what can be sealed with sealant 
Ensure closure is permanent and supports any load (e.g., wind, insulation) 
Bring soffit into thermal boundary 
 
 Before 
Standard soffits are often open to the attic and uninsulated 
Tools: 1. Drill/screwdriver 2. Caulk gun 
 
 After 
Rigid material encloses the soffit into the conditioned living space 
Materials: 1. Drywall 2. Sealant 
 
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1 
Soffits open to the attic need to be sealed to maintain air barrier 
 
2 
Apply sealant along top plates 
 
3 
Cap soffit with rigid material, such as drywall, cut to size 
 
4 
 
5 
 
Fasten cap with screws to set sealant Insulate over now-capped soffit and create air barrier 
 
3.1003.6d - Option 2: leave soffit outside (seal at bottom or side) 
Desired Outcome: Dropped soffits sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Each stud bay will be spanned with rigid material will be cut to fit and fastened as required 
OR 
Backing at each stud bay will be provided and will be sealed 
OR 
Side of stud bays will be sealed with rigid material from bottom of soffit to top-plate 
 
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OR A sealed rigid barrier will be installed at all transitions Objective(s): Prevent air leakage from wall to soffit Reduce opening to what can be sealed with sealant Ensure soffit is outside of the thermal boundary 
 
 Before 
Wall cavities are open to attic and heat transfer due to dropped soffit 
Tools: 
1. Tape measure 2. Utility knife 3. Saw 4. Insulation machine 5. Drill 6. Caulk gun 7. Spray foam gun 
 
 After 
Wall cavities capped and air-sealed in one of a variety of options 
Materials: 
1. XPS 2. Drywall 3. Plywood 4. Lumber 5. Fasteners 6. Caulk 7. Spray foam 8. Dense packable insulation 9. Poly-wrapped insulation 
 
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Clear work area of insulation and debris 
 
Option 1: Span each stud bay with rigid material at level of soffit 
 
Option 2: Backing used to fill bays and sealed with spray foam 
 
Option 3: Stud bay will faced with rigid material, fastened and sealed 
 
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 Air Sealing > Attics > Other Ceiling Materials 
 
3.1005.1 - Tongue and Groove Ceilings 
Desired Outcome: Tongue and groove ceilings sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Note: 
3.1005.1a - Pre-inspection 
Desired Outcome: Tongue and groove ceilings sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): An inspection will be conducted for mold, water leaks, and water damage before sealing a tongue and groove ceiling 
Repairs will be completed before work 
Objective(s): Repair moisture-related issues 
 
3.1005.1b - Backing 
Desired Outcome: Tongue and groove ceilings sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Backing will be installed behind tongue and groove ceilings 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage and allow for sealants 
 
3.1005.1c - Sealant selection 
 
Desired Outcome: Tongue and groove ceilings sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the attic 
 
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3.1005.1c - Sealant selection 
 
and conditioned space 
Specification(s): Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces 
Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications, according to authority having jurisdiction 
No sealant will be allowed to be visible in the living space 
Objective(s): Select permanent sealant 
Ensure sealant meets or exceeds the performance characteristics of the surrounding materials 
Ensure ceiling remains aesthetically pleasing 
 
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 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Maintenance, Repair, and Sealing 
3.1201.1 - Double-Hung Wood Windows 
Desired Outcome: Windows operable and weather tight; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
3.1201.1a - Lead paint assessment 
Desired Outcome: Windows operable and weather tight; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
Specification(s): Presence of lead-based paint in pre-1978 homes will be assumed unless testing confirms otherwise EPA's Renovation, Repair and Painting (RRP) Program Rule (40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 homes and proposed changes to this rule (Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/May 6, 2010) will be complied with, to be superseded by any subsequent final rulemaking or any more stringent state or federal standards 
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant from potential lead hazards 
 
Best Practice 
In homes built before 1978, test paint before beginning renovation 
Tools: 1. Note: Mask must be worn during testing 2. LeadCheck test kit 3. Utility knife 4. Camera 
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EPA RRP certification required to conduct Lead Paint assessment. 
 
3.1201.1d - Replacement sills 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Clean tools and sample site to prevent Cut sample site at an angle to expose Break capsules and shake to mix 
 
contamination 
 
all older paint layers 
 
reagents. Swab sample site for 30 
 
seconds 
 
4 
Check swab for reaction 
 
5 
Red indicates lead positive. White is lead negative. 
 
6 
If negative, verify validity of test with provided calibration card 
 
7 
Lead in calibration card should test positive and turn red 
 
8 
Record test results to maintain documentation 
 
3.1201.1d - Replacement sills 
 
Desired Outcome: Windows operable and weather tight; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
 
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3.1201.1d - Replacement sills 
 
Specification(s): Beveled sill will be flush with interior wall and sloped to the exterior 
Seams will be continuously and completely sealed with sealant to the jambs and to the frame 
Sill will be water-sealed and primed 
Objective(s): Form a complete seal from the bottom of the lower sash to the sill 
Maintain operability of the window 
Allow for drainage to the exterior 
 
 Before 
Rot in and under a window sill is often a sign of a bigger problem 
 
 After 
Once repaired, this window is less leaky and better supported 
 
Tools: 
1. Saw 2. Drill 3. Pry bar 4. Sander 5. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Lumber or metal sill 2. Caulk 3. Fasteners 4. Flashing 
 
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3.1201.1d - Replacement sills 
 
Remove sill to determine full extent of Once rotted materials are cut away, Cut new materials flush to surrounding 
 
rot and necessary repairs 
 
determine sizing of new materials 
 
surfaces and pitch toward exterior 
 
For exterior repairs, replace flashing 
 
Set new sill, then replace and prime trim 
 
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3.1201.2 - Single-Unit Window and Fixed Frame with Wood Sash 
Desired Outcome: Windows operable and weather tight; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration Note: 
3.1201.2a - Lead paint assessment 
Desired Outcome: Windows operable and weather tight; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
Specification(s): Presence of lead-based paint in pre-1978 homes will be assumed unless testing confirms otherwise EPA's RRP Program Rule (40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 homes and proposed changes to this rule (Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/May 6, 2010) will be complied with, to be superseded by any subsequent final rulemaking or any more stringent state or federal standards 
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant from potential lead hazards 
 
Best Practice 
In homes built before 1978, test paint before beginning renovation 
 
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3.1201.2a - Lead paint assessment 
 
Tools: 
1. Note: Mask must be worn during testing 2. LeadCheck test kit 3. Utility knife 4. Camera 
EPA RRP certification required to conduct Lead Paint assessment. 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Clean tools and sample site to prevent Cut sample site at an angle to expose Break capsule and shake to mix 
 
contamination 
 
all older paint layers 
 
reagents. Swab sample site for 30 
 
seconds 
 
4 
Check swab for reaction 
 
5 
Red indicates lead positive. White is lead negative 
 
6 
If negative, verify validity of test with provided calibration card 
 
7 
Lead in calibration card should test 
 
8 
Record test results to maintain 
 
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positive and turn spot red 
 
documentation 
 
3.1201.2a - Lead paint assessment 
 
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3.1201.3 - Exterior Doors 
Desired Outcome: Doors operable and weather tight Note: 
3.1201.3a - Lead paint assessment 
Desired Outcome: Doors operable and weather tight 
Specification(s): Presence of lead-based paint in pre-1978 homes will be assumed unless testing confirms otherwise EPA's RRP Program Rule (40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 homes and proposed changes to this rule (Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/ May 6, 2010) will be complied with, to be superseded by any subsequent final rulemaking or any more stringent state or federal standards 
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant from potential lead hazards 
 
Best Practice 
In homes built before 1978, test paint before beginning renovation 
Tools: 1. Note: Mask must be worn during testing 2. LeadCheck test kit 3. Utility knife 4. Camera 
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3.1201.3b - Door operation and fit 
 
EPA RRP certification required to conduct Lead Paint assessment. 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Clean tools and sample site to prevent Cut sample site at an angle to expose Break capsules and shake to mix 
 
contamination 
 
all older paint layers 
 
reagents. Swab sample site for 30 
 
seconds 
 
4 
Check swab for reaction 
 
5 
Red indicates lead positive. White is lead negative 
 
6 
If negative, verify validity of test with provided calibration card 
 
7 
Lead in calibration card should test positive and turn spot red 
 
8 
Record test results to maintain documentation 
 
3.1201.3b - Door operation and fit 
 
Desired Outcome: Doors operable and weather tight 
 
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3.1201.3b - Door operation and fit 
 
Specification(s): Door will be adjusted to properly fit the jamb and allow for ease of operation (e.g., hinge replacement, re-plane door, door strike adjustment) 
Objective(s): Ensure proper operation of the door 
 
 Before 
Daylight visible around door can indicate it does not hang true and leaks 
Tools: 1. Screwdriver 2. Planer 
 
 After 
With proper adjustment, doors should hang true and minimize leakage 
Materials: 1. Shims 
 
1 
After examining how door hangs, remove door from hinges 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Adjust hinge plates to bring door back Adjust strike plate to allow for secure 
 
into true 
 
and smooth operation 
 
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3.1201.3c - Air infiltration 
 
4 
Rehang door to verify adjustments worked and door operates smoothly 
3.1201.3c - Air infiltration 
Desired Outcome: Doors operable and weather tight 
Specification(s): Details that reduce air infiltration will be repaired, replaced, sealed, or installed in accordance with State Energy Conservation Code or local code--whichever is more stringent (e.g., weather stripping, door bottoms, trim replacement with foam) 
Objective(s): Reduce air infiltration 
 
 Before 
Daylight visible around an exterior door indicates air infiltration 
 
 After 
Weatherstripping and a door bottom minimize air infiltration around doors 
 
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3.1201.3d - Water infiltration 
 
Tools: 
1. Screwdriver 2. Saw 3. Utility knife 4. Caulk gun 5. Drill 6. Tape measure 
 
Materials: 
1. Weatherstripping (Q-lan) 2. Door bottom 3. Fasteners 4. Caulk 
 
Remove leaky door in order to affix door bottom 
 
Measure and trim door, if necessary, Trimming to allow for door bottom to allow for door bottom 
 
Cut door bottom to width of door 
 
Ensure door bottom fits snugly around Measure doorway for weatherstripping door and fasten into place 
 
Notch upper ends of side 
 
Weatherstripping should fit snugly into Rehang door and verify fit, operation, 
 
weatherstripping to allow for top piece rabbit and against other pieces 
 
and lack of air infiltration 
 
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3.1201.3d - Water infiltration 
 
3.1201.3d - Water infiltration 
Desired Outcome: Doors operable and weather tight 
Specification(s): Details that reduce water infiltration will be repaired, replaced, sealed, or installed (e.g., adjust threshold, caulk jamb to threshold, caulk trim, flashing) 
Objective(s): Reduce water infiltration 
 
 Before 
Daylight visible under exterior doors indicate water can leak in 
 
 After 
By adjusting the threshold and sealing along it, water should be kept out 
 
Tools: 
1. Caulk gun 2. Screwdriver 3. Pry bar 
 
Materials: 1. Caulk sealant 
 
Adjust threshold to minimize gap and keep water out 
 
Caulk along threshold from inside and outside to prevent water infiltration 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 
3.1202.1 - Fixed Frame with Wood Sash--Older House 
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
3.1202.1a - Lead paint assessment 
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration Specification(s): Presence of lead-based paint in pre-1978 homes will be assumed unless testing confirms otherwise EPA's RRP Program Rule (40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 homes and proposed changes to this rule (Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/ May 6, 2010) will be complied with, to be superseded by any subsequent final rulemaking or any more stringent state or federal standards Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant from potential lead hazards 
 
Best Practice 
In homes built before 1978, test paint before beginning renovation 
Tools: 
1. Note: Mask must be worn during testing 2. LeadCheck test kit 3. Utility knife 4. Camera 
EPA RRP certification required to conduct Lead Paint assessment. 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 
 
3.1202.1b - Broken glass removal 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Clean tools and sample site to prevent Cut sample site at an angle to expose Break capsules and shake to mix 
 
contamination 
 
all older paint layers 
 
reagents. Swab sample site for 30 
 
seconds 
 
4 
Check swab for reaction 
 
5 
Red indicates lead positive. White is lead negative 
 
6 
If negative, verify validity of test with provided calibration card 
 
7 
Lead in calibration card should test positive and turn spot red 
 
8 
Record test results to maintain documentation 
 
3.1202.1b - Broken glass removal 
 
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
Specification(s): 
 
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 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 
Putty and push points will be removed Broken or cracked glass will be removed 
Objective(s): Safely remove old glass 
 
3.1202.1b - Broken glass removal 
 
 Before 
Broken glass with failed repairs needs to be replaced 
 
In Progress 
Large pieces of glass have been removed but sash still needs preparation 
 
Tools: 
1. Putty knife 2. Chisel 3. Utility knife 4. Shop vaccuum 5. Tape measure 
 
Materials: 1. Tape 
 
When handling glass, wear heavy work gloves. See also 2.0100.1b for Hand Protection. 
 
1 
Wear heavy work gloves when handling glass 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Cut through caulk bead and glazing to Remove old putty and glazing to 
 
ease removal 
 
expose metal points holding glass in 
 
place 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 3.1202.1c - Sash preparation 
 
4 
With points and glass removed, measure opening for replacement pane 
 
5 
Cut replacement glass 1/8" smaller than measured opening 
 
3.1202.1c - Sash preparation 
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
Specification(s): Opening will be cleaned 
Objective(s): Prepare opening for new glass 
 
 Before 
Remove all debris from sash either by sand paper, knife, or chisel 
 
In Progress 
Mount new glass onto a clean surface 
 
Tools: 
1. Chisel 2. Utility knife 
 
Materials: 
1. Sand paper 2. Cleaning solution 3. Rags 
 
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 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 
 
3.1202.1d - New glass installation 
 
1 
Debris in the sash can cause new glass to seal improperly 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Check closely to remove all pieces of With sash cleaned, glass will fit 
 
broken glass and debris 
 
properly and glazing will seal 
 
3.1202.1d - New glass installation 
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
Specification(s): Glass will be sized 1/8" to 3/16'' smaller than opening to allow for movement of frame Safety glass will be installed in accordance with local codes Push points will be provided on each side to secure glass in frame Glazing compound will be added in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Ensure glazing compound will adhere to sash Install, seal, and secure new glass in place Allow glazing compound to harden to ensure secure installation 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 
 
3.1202.1d - New glass installation 
 
 Before 
With sash prepared, installation of new pane can begin 
 
 After 
Replacement glass should be securely fixed with points and glazing 
 
Tools: 
1. Caulk gun 2. Tape measure 3. Paint brush 
 
Materials: 
1. Primer 2. Window glazing 3. Push points 4. Shims 5. Replacement glass 6. Tape 
 
Wear heavy work gloves when handling glass. See also 2.0100.1b for Hand Protection. 
 
1 
Wear heavy work gloves when handling glass 
 
2 
 
3 
 
With broken glass removed, measure Cut replacement glass 1/8" smaller 
 
opening for replacement glass 
 
than measured opening 
 
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 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 
 
3.1202.1d - New glass installation 
 
4 
Use shims to center glass while installing push points 
 
5 
 
6 
 
With push points in place, glaze to air Secure pane in place with tape to hold 
 
seal new glass pane in sash 
 
until glazing sets 
 
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 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 
3.1202.2 - Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening--Newer House 
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
3.1202.2a - Lead paint assessment 
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
Specification(s): Presence of lead-based paint in pre-1978 homes will be assumed unless testing confirms otherwise EPA's RRP Program Rule (40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 homes and proposed changes to this rule (Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/May 6, 2010) will be complied with, to be superseded by any subsequent final rulemaking or any more stringent state or federal standards 
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant from potential lead hazards 
 
Best Practice 
In homes built before 1978, test paint before beginning renovation 
Tools: 1. Note: Mask must be worn during testing 2. LeadCheck test kit 3. Utility knife 4. Camera 
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 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 
EPA RRP certification required to conduct Lead Paint assessment. 
 
3.1202.2b - Broken glass removal 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Clean tools and sample site to prevent Cut sample site at an angle to expose Break capsules and shake to mix 
 
contamination 
 
all older paint layers 
 
reagents. Swab sample site for 30 
 
seconds 
 
4 
Check swab for reaction 
 
5 
Red indicates lead positive. White is lead negative 
 
6 
If negative, verify validity of test with provided calibration card 
 
7 
Lead in calibration card should test positive and turn spot red 
 
8 
Record test results to maintain documentation 
 
3.1202.2b - Broken glass removal 
 
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
 
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 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 
Specification(s): Window stops and damaged glass will be removed 
Objective(s): Safely remove old glass 
 
3.1202.2b - Broken glass removal 
 
 Before 
Broken glass with failed repairs needs to be replaced 
 
In Progress 
After larger pieces are removed, the sash still needs preparation 
 
Tools: 
1. Putty knife 2. Chisel 3. Utility knife 4. Shop vaccuum 5. Tape measure 
 
Materials: 1. Tape 
 
Wear heavy work gloves when handling glass. See also 2.0100.1b for Hand Protection. 
 
1 
Wear heavy work gloves when handling glass 
 
2 
Cut through caulk or glazing to simplify removal 
 
3 
Remove old putty and glazing from glass to expose pin nails holding glass 
 
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 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 3.1202.2c - Opening preparation 
 
4 
With pins and glass removed, measure opening for replacement pane 
 
5 
Cut replacement glass 1/8" smaller than measured opening 
 
3.1202.2c - Opening preparation 
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
Specification(s): Opening will be cleaned 
Glazing tape will be removed or replaced 
Objective(s): Prepare opening for new glass 
 
 Before 
Remove all debris, glazing tape, and glass from sash 
 
In Progress 
Sash surface must be clean before mounting new glass 
 
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 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 
 
Tools: 
1. Chisel 2. Utility knife 
 
Materials: 
1. Cleaning solution 2. Rags 
 
3.1202.2d - New glass installation 
 
1 
Debris in the sash can cause new glass to seal improperly 
 
2 
Check closely to remove and collect all broken glass and debris 
 
3 
With sash cleaned, glass will fit properly and glazing will seal 
 
3.1202.2d - New glass installation 
Desired Outcome: Glass complete and intact; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
Specification(s): Replacement glass will be sized to original width, height, and depth Stops will be replaced or installed Wood stops will be sealed to glass with appropriate sealant Glass will be selected with comparable tint and coating (color and look) Tempered glass will be installed as required by local codes Glazing compound will be added in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Install, seal, and secure new glass in place Allow glazing compound to harden to ensure secure installation 
 
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 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 
 
3.1202.2d - New glass installation 
 
 Before 
With sash prepared, new pane installation can begin 
 
 After 
Replaced glass should be held in place while glazing sets 
 
Tools: 
1. Caulk gun 2. Tape measure 3. Light-duty hammer 
 
Materials: 1. Trim 
 
Wear heavy work gloves when handling glass. See also 2.0100.1b for Hand Protection. 
 
1 
Wear heavy work gloves when handling glass 
 
2 
 
3 
 
With broken glass removed, measure Cut replacement glass 1/8" smaller rough opening for replacement glass than measured opening size 
 
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 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Repairing/Replacing Cracked and Broken Glass 
 
3.1202.2d - New glass installation 
 
4 
With sash prepared, shim glass to center in opening and reinstall stops 
 
5 
Apply window glazing to air seal new pane 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement 
3.1203.1 - Replacement Window in Existing Window Frame 
Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
3.1203.1a - Lead paint assessment 
Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
Specification(s): Presence of lead-based paint in pre-1978 homes will be assumed unless testing confirms otherwise EPA's RRP Program Rule (40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 homes and proposed changes to this rule (Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/ May 6, 2010) will be complied with, to be superseded by any subsequent final rulemaking or any more stringent state or federal standards 
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant from potential lead hazards 
 
Best Practice 
In homes built before 1978, test paint before beginning renovation 
Tools: 
1. Note: Mask must be worn during testing 2. LeadCheck test kit 3. Utility knife 4. Camera 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement 
 
3.1203.1b - Opening preparation 
 
EPA RRP certification required to conduct Lead Paint assessment. 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Clean tools and sample site to prevent Cut sample site at an angle to expose Break capsules and shake to mix 
 
contamination 
 
all older paint layers 
 
reagents. Swab sample site for 30 
 
seconds 
 
4 
Check swab for reaction 
 
5 
Red indicates lead positive. White is lead negative 
 
6 
If negative, verify validity of test with provided calibration card 
 
7 
Lead in calibration card should test positive and turn spot red 
 
8 
Record test results to maintain documentation 
 
3.1203.1b - Opening preparation 
 
Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of 
 
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 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement 
 
3.1203.1c - Replacement window installation 
 
fenestration 
Specification(s): Interior stops, sashes, parting strips, and pulleys will be removed 
Opening will be cleaned 
Objective(s): Provide a clean opening for replacement window unit 
 
In Progress 
Scrape off existing caulk and glazing tape. Clean opening and prepare for new window 
Tools: 1. Stiff bladed scraper or putty knife 2. Single-edge razor blade scraper 
Written approval from GEFA is required before replacing windows or doors. 
3.1203.1c - Replacement window installation 
Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
Specification(s): Replacement window will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications, ensuring that the exterior stops are caulked 
Objective(s): Ensure replacement window operates properly 
 
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 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement 
Ensure replacement window has a weather tight fit 
 
3.1203.1c - Replacement window installation 
 
In Progress 
Installing a vinyl replacement window into a double-hung wood window jamb 
 
Tools: 
1. Utility knife 2. Hammer 3. Sharp-bladed prybar 4. Nail set punch 5. Cordless driver/drill 6. Caulking gun 7. HEPA vacuum (for lead-based paint work) 
 
Materials: 
1. Window, door, and trim caulk 2. 6-mil polyethylene plastic 
 
Written approval from GEFA is required before replacing windows or doors. 
 
1 
Using a utility knife, carefully cut the paint and caulk to remove window stops from window jambs. 
 
2 
Using a hammer and flat prybar, carefully remove the inside window stops and remove bottom sash 
 
3 
Remove the blind stops, bottom sash, pulleys, and ropes. Clean and prepare the opening 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement 
 
3.1203.1c - Replacement window installation 
 
4 
 
5 
 
6 
 
Apply caulk to stop molding and install the new window in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. 
 
Follow lead safe work practices if lead Wet surfaces before disturbing lead based paint will be disturbed. Cover based paint floors with plastic six feet from work area 
 
7 
Using a HEPA vacuum in lead based paint work areas, clean up as you work 
 
8 
Dispose of all waste properly. Wrap waste and place in a dumpster 
 
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 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement 
3.1203.2 - Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening--Newer House 
Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
Note: 
3.1203.2a - Lead paint assessment 
Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
Specification(s): Presence of lead-based paint in pre-1978 homes will be assumed unless testing confirms otherwise 
EPA's RRP Program Rule (40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 homes and proposed changes to this rule (Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/May 6, 2010) will be complied with, to be superseded by any subsequent final rulemaking or any more stringent state or federal standards 
Objective(s): Protect worker and occupant from potential lead hazards 
 
Best Practice 
In homes built before 1978, test paint before beginning renovation 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement 
 
3.1203.2a - Lead paint assessment 
 
Tools: 
1. Note: Mask must be worn during testing 2. LeadCheck test kit 3. Utility knife 4. Camera 
EPA RRP certification required to conduct Lead Paint assessment. 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Clean tools and sample site to prevent Cut sample site at an angle to expose Break capsules and shake to mix 
 
contamination 
 
all older paint layers 
 
reagents. Swab sample site for 30 
 
seconds 
 
4 
Check swab for reaction 
 
5 
Red indicates lead positive. White is lead negative 
 
6 
If negative, verify validity of test with provided calibration card 
 
7 
Lead in calibration card should test 
 
8 
Record test results to maintain 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement 
 
3.1203.2b - Opening preparation 
 
positive and turn spot red 
 
documentation 
 
3.1203.2b - Opening preparation 
 
Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
Specification(s): Replacement window will be laid out with trim 
Exterior trim will be removed or exterior siding will be cut back to fit new window with trim 
Existing window will be removed 
Window opening will be flashed in accordance with accepted industry standards 
Objective(s): Provide a clean and properly flashed opening for replacement window unit 
 
 Before 
Single pane window in newer home 
Tools: 1. Pry bar 2. Utility knife 3. Drill 
 
In Progress 
Window is removed to allow for replacement with double pane unit 
Materials: 1. Window and door flashing 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement 
 
3.1203.2c - Replacement unit preparation 
 
1 
Single pane window needs to be replaced with double pane 
 
2 
Cut through caulk at stops to break seal 
 
3 
Remove stops while attempting to keep damage to rough opening to minimum 
 
4 
Remove interior trim 
 
5 
Remove exterior trim 
 
6 
Remove exterior fasteners to free window 
 
7 
Remove window from rough opening 
 
8 
Clean rough opening to remove old caulk and debris 
 
9 
Install flashing along sides and bottom of rough opening 
 
3.1203.2c - Replacement unit preparation 
 
Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement 
 
3.1203.2d - Replacement window installation 
 
Specification(s): Mounting detail will be determined based on depth of window and location of window liner 
Objective(s): Allow for good fit and finish of replacement window 
 
 Before 
Single pane window is being removed 
Tools: 1. Tape measure 2. Utility knife 
 
In Progress 
Double-pane unit replaces previous singlepane one 
 
1 
Measure rough opening depth to determine best method of installation 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Clean old sealant off exterior surface Install unit following appropriate detail 
 
to allow for flange installation 
 
for rough opening and unit depth 
 
3.1203.2d - Replacement window installation 
Desired Outcome: Replacement window provides weather tight fit; improved energy efficiency performance of fenestration 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement 
 
3.1203.2d - Replacement window installation 
 
Specification(s): Replacement windows will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications and will be integrated with flashing 
Gaps between the new window and existing frame will be sealed with low-expanding foam 
Objective(s): Ensure replacement window operates properly 
Ensure replacement window is weather tight 
 
 Before 
Single pane window is being removed to install double pane unit 
Tools: 
1. Utility knife 2. Spray foam gun 3. Drill 4. Hammer 5. Saw 
 
 After 
Double pane unit installed with trim in place 
Materials: 1. Fasteners 2. Flashing 3. Low-expansion spray foam 4. Backer rod 5. Primed trim 
 
Install flashing to manufacturer specs Flanges have been folded out to allow Fasten window flange securely around 
 
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 Air Sealing > Windows and Doors > Replacement 
 
and industry standards 
 
for easy installation 
 
3.1203.2d - Replacement window installation exterior of entire window 
 
With window secured in place, check Check that sash locks align properly, Fill interior gap with compressible 
 
for proper function 
 
indicating window is plumb 
 
foam or appropriate sealant 
 
Prime and replace interior trim and, if Replace exterior trim and patch 
 
needed, sill 
 
exterior siding or finish as needed 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Basements and Crawl Spaces > Crawl Spaces 
3.1402.1 - Crawl Spaces--Sealing Floor Penetrations 
Desired Outcome: Air leakage prevented and indoor air quality protected Note: 
3.1402.1a - Backing and infill 
Desired Outcome: Air leakage prevented and indoor air quality protected Specification(s): Backing or infill will be provided as needed to meet the specific characteristics of the selected sealant and the characteristics of the penetration The backing or infill will not bend, sag, or move once installed Objective(s): Ensure resulting closure is permanent and supports any load (e.g., insulation) Ensure sealant does not fall out 
 
 Before 
Gaps around floor penetrations, such as plumbing, HVAC, and electrical 
Tools: 1. Headlamp 
 
 After 
Gaps should be sealed to maintain air barrier 
Materials: 1. Backer rod 2. Sealant 
 
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3.1402.1b - Sealant selection 
 
1 
 
2 
 
Prepare work space by removing any Infill with backer rod insulation 
 
3 
Apply appropriate caulking to ensure backing/infill does not move 
 
4 
Visually inspect to verify no gaps remain 
 
3.1402.1b - Sealant selection 
Desired Outcome: Air leakage prevented and indoor air quality protected 
Specification(s): Sealants will be used to fill holes no larger than recommended by manufacturer specifications 
Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces 
Sealants will allow for differential expansion and contraction between dissimilar materials 
Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications, according to authority having jurisdiction 
Objective(s): Create a permanent seal 
 
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3.1402.1c - High temperature application 
 
Ensure sealant meets or exceeds the performance characteristics of the surrounding materials 
 
Bad Practice 
Avoid sealants that do not allow for expansion between dissimilar materials 
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun 
 
Best Practice 
Flexible sealants compensate for differential expansion and maintain a seal 
Materials: 1. Caulk 2. Spray foam 
 
Caulking can be used to span gaps up Spray foam can be used to span gaps Check manufacturer specifications to 
 
to 1/4 inch 
 
up to 3 inches 
 
verify spanning capabilities 
 
Also check manufacturer specs for incompatibility with intended surfaces 
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3.1402.1c - High temperature application 
 
3.1402.1c - High temperature application 
Desired Outcome: Air leakage prevented and indoor air quality protected 
Specification(s): Only non-combustible materials will be used in contact with chimneys, vents, and flues in accordance with authority having jurisdiction 
Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard 
 
 Before 
Gaps around floor penetrations allow air and moisture movement 
 
 After 
Use non-combustible materials, like 26-gauge steel and high-temp caulk 
 
Tools: 
1. Caulk gun 2. Metal snips 3. Drill/screwdriver 
 
Materials: 
1. High-temperature caulk 2. 26-gauge steel sheeting 
 
1 
Prepare work area by removing any insulation and debris 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Use high-temperature caulking (600F Apply first ring of caulking to match 
 
min) 
 
shape of opening 
 
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 Air Sealing > Basements and Crawl Spaces > Crawl Spaces 
 
3.1402.1c - High temperature application 
 
4 
Apply second ring of caulking to size and shape of rigid material 
 
5 
 
6 
 
Fasten rigid material (26-gauge steel) Fasten rigid material to cover 
 
and apply additional caulking 
 
penetration and seal against flue with 
 
caulk 
 
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 Air Sealing > Basements and Crawl Spaces > Crawl Spaces 
3.1402.3 - Closed Crawl Spaces--Air Sealing Exterior Wall 
Desired Outcome: Well-sealed exterior wall prevents leakage and pests 
3.1402.3a - Seal penetrations 
Desired Outcome: Well-sealed exterior wall prevents leakage and pests Specification(s): Penetrations will be sealed with a durable material A minimum expected service life of 10 years will be ensured Objective(s): Prevent air and moisture penetration into crawl space 
 
 Before 
Light showing through penetration in exterior block wall 
 
 After 
Sealed with durable material to prevent air and water leakage, and pests 
 
Tools: 
1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun 3. Metal snips 4. Drill 
 
Materials: 
1. Caulk 2. Sprayfoam 3. Metal mesh 4. Fasteners 
 
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3.1402.3b - Pest exclusion 
 
1 
Measure holes to determine the best backing and fill strategy 
 
2 
In holes larger than 1/4 inch, wire mesh should be used for backing 
 
3 
Sprayfoam or caulk seal the hole 
 
3.1402.3b - Pest exclusion 
Desired Outcome: Well-sealed exterior wall prevents leakage and pests 
Specification(s): If penetration is greater than  inches, caulking, steel wool, or other pest-proof material will be used to fill the penetration before sealing 
Objective(s): Prevent pest entry 
 
 Before 
 
 After 
 
For bigger holes, extra steps should be taken Choose the backing and infill strategy that 
 
to keep out pests 
 
works best for the hole size 
 
Tools: 
1. Caulk gun 2. Sprayfoam gun 3. Metal snips 4. Drill 
 
Materials: 
1. Caulk 2. Sprayfoam 3. Metal mesh 4. Rigid backing 
 
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3.1402.3b - Pest exclusion 
 
For holes larger than 1/4", rigid 
 
Metal mesh or other rigid materials 
 
backing should be used to keep pests should be cut to fill the space 
 
out 
 
Sprayfoam can be used to seal the hole and hold mesh in place 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Air Sealing > Attached Garages > Garage Openings 
3.1501.1 - Penetrations, Cracks, and Doors Between Garage and House 
Desired Outcome: Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage 
3.1501.1a - Penetrations 
Desired Outcome: Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage Specification(s): All lighting fixtures, wiring, plumbing, venting, ducting, and gas piping penetrations will be sealed Objective(s): Prevent air leakage and pollutant entry 
 
 Before 
Penetrations between the garage and house can leak hazardous fumes 
 
 After 
Seal penetrations to minimize risks and air leakage 
 
Tools: 
1. Caulk gun 2. Reusable spary foam gun 3. Spray bottle (misting surfaces will improve spray foam adhesion and cure) 
 
Materials: 
1. Backer Rod 2. Caulk 3. Spray foam 
 
3.1501.1b - Ductwork 
Desired Outcome: 
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3.1501.1b - Ductwork 
 
Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage 
Specification(s): All joints and connections in ductwork will be fastened and sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M welds, gaskets, adhesive mastics, or mastic-plus- embedded-fabric systems 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage and pollutant entry 
 
 Before 
Unsealed joints and connections need to be sealed to prevent health risks. 
 
 After 
Sealed ductwork connections help prevent leakage. 
 
Tools: 
1. Disposable brushes 2. Utility knife 3. Cordless driver/drill and 1/4" nut driver bits 4. Zip tie tensioning tool 
 
Materials: 
1. Fiberglass mesh tape 2. Mastic duct sealant 3. Zip ties 4. Zip-in pointed sheet metal screws 
 
Fasten metal to metal joints with at least three equally spaced screw around the joint. Use fiberglass mesh tape on cracks 1/4" and larger. Apply mastic sealant at least as thick as a nickel on all seams and gores. 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
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3.1501.1c - Cracks 
 
Prepare work area by assessing any Wrap joint with fiberglass mesh tape. Apply UL 181 mastic to seal joint. safety concerns. 
 
3.1501.1c - Cracks 
Desired Outcome: Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage 
Specification(s): All cracks in house and garage separation wall will be sealed, including cracks between mud sill, rim joists, subfloors, and bottom of gypsum board, ensuring the air sealing enhances the integrity of the fire resistance construction of that wall 
All cracks in ceiling surfaces will be sealed 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage and pollutant entry 
 
 Before 
Cracks in shared walls of attached garages are a potential leakage site 
Materials: 1. Sprayfoam 2. Fire-block caulk 
 
 After 
Air sealing reduces pollutant entry, but does not diminish fire resistance 
 
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3.1501.1d - Garage to house door 
 
Determine which walls are shared between garage and living space 
 
Inspect wall and ceiling for cracks and Clear work area of obstacles and 
 
penetrations 
 
debris 
 
Apply appropriate sealant dependent Ensure sealant does not decrease 
 
upon size of crack and location 
 
wall's fire resistance 
 
3.1501.1d - Garage to house door 
Desired Outcome: Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage 
Specification(s): Weather stripping, door sweep, and threshold will be installed to stop air leakage 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage and pollutant entry 
 
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3.1501.1d - Garage to house door 
 
 Before 
Daylight visible under door to garage indicates leakage 
Tools: 
1. Caulk gun 2. Screwdriver 3. Utility knife 4. Hacksaw 5. Saw 6. Tape measure 7. Drill 8. Planer 
 
 After 
Door sweep, with weatherstripping, will minimize air exchange with garage 
Materials: 
1. Weatherstripping (Q-lan) 2. Door sweep 3. Caulk 4. Fasteners 
 
Remove door for access to work space and to install sweep 
 
Measure for weatherstripping around Install weatherstripping into rabbit 
 
door 
 
around door 
 
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3.1501.1e - Glass 
 
Corners of weatherstripping should be Adjust threshold to minimize 
 
snug and secure 
 
contaminant and water infiltration 
 
Caulk along threshold to minimize water and contaminant infiltration 
 
Cut door sweep to width of the door 
 
Ensure door sweep fits tightly against Rehang door to verify snug fit and 
 
bottom of door and fasten in place 
 
smooth operation 
 
3.1501.1e - Glass 
 
Desired Outcome: Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage 
Specification(s): Broken glass panes in doors will be replaced, pointed, and glazed where needed 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage and pollutant entry 
 
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3.1501.1e - Glass 
 
 Before 
Broken glass in exterior and garage doors allows for leakage. Replace it 
Tools: 
1. Hammer 2. Pry bar 3. Caulk gun 4. Tape measure 
 
 After 
With new glass in place, take care to tightly seal and replace stops 
Materials: 
1. Brads 2. Caulk 3. Glazing 4. New glass cut to size of rough opening 
 
Remove stops, taking care not to damage them 
 
Remove broken glass and clean old sealant and glazing from rough opening 
 
Measure rough opening and cut new glass to size 
 
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3.1501.1f - Carbon monoxide (CO) alarm 
 
Apply sealant to rough opening and place new glass 
 
Seal glass into place from inside as well to ensure no air infiltration 
 
Replace stops and rehang door 
 
3.1501.1f - Carbon monoxide (CO) alarm 
Desired Outcome: Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage 
Specification(s): CO alarms will be installed in accordance with ASHRAE 62.2, applicable codes and manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Warn occupants of CO exposure from attached garage 
 
Best Practice 
Carbon monoxide alarms should be installed throughout the house 
 
Best Practice 
Occupants should be alerted to CO alarm locations and maintenance 
 
CO alarms should be installed one per floor and near sleeping areas. 
 
3.1501.1g - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage 
Specification(s): Occupant will be educated on need to keep door from garage to house closed and not to warm up vehicles or use any gas engine appliances or grills in the garage, even if the main door is left open 
 
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3.1501.1g - Occupant education 
 
Objective(s): Reduce risk of CO poisoning inside of garage and adjacent rooms 
 
Unsafe 
Communicate importance of never running vehicles in a closed garage 
 
Best Practice 
Speak with occupant about hazards of using gas appliances in the garage 
 
Occupants should never run vehicles Occupants should not light 
 
in a closed garage 
 
combustibles inside garages 
 
Speak with occupant about hazards of using gas appliances in the garage 
 
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 Air Sealing > Ducts > Duct Preparation 
 
3.1601.1 - Preparation and Mechanical Fastening 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage 
3.1601.1a - Preparation 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage 
Specification(s): Type and R-value of existing duct insulation (e.g., fiberglass, stone wool, asbestos) will be identified as will the location of vapor retarders, if any If asbestos insulation was used, it will not be disturbed; consult with an asbestos abatement expert for removal Surrounding insulation will be cleared to expose joints being sealed Duct surface to accept sealant will be cleaned Insulation will be returned or replaced with equivalent R-value 
Objective(s): Gain access while maintaining insulation value Achieve proper adhesion for airtight seal 
 
3.1601.1b - Metal to metal 
 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage 
 
Specification(s): Round ducts will be mechanically fastened to maintain alignment 
 
Other shaped ducts will be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems, or tapes 
 
Objective(s): 
 
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Ensure durable joints 
3.1601.1c - Flex to metal 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage Specification(s): Joints will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool Objective(s): Ensure durable joints 
3.1601.1d - Duct board to duct board 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage Specification(s): Joints will be fastened with clinch stapler Objective(s): Ensure durable joints 
3.1601.1e - Flexible duct to duct board 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage Specification(s): Metal take-off collar will be used and attached in accordance with IRC Objective(s): Ensure durable joints 
 
3.1601.1c - Flex to metal 
 
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3.1601.1g - Duct board plenum to air handler cabinet 
 
3.1601.1f - Metal plenum to air handler cabinet 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage 
Specification(s): Plenum will be mechanically fastened 
Objective(s): Ensure durable joints 
 
3.1601.1g - Duct board plenum to air handler cabinet 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage 
Specification(s): Termination bar or metal strip will be fastened with screws 
Duct board will be installed between the screw and the termination bar 
Objective(s): Ensure durable joints 
 
3.1601.1h - Boot to wood 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage 
Specification(s): Screws or nails will be used to fasten boot to wood 
Objective(s): Ensure durable joints 
 
3.1601.1i - Boot to gypsum 
Desired Outcome: 
 
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Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage Specification(s): Boot hanger will be fastened to adjacent framing with screws or nails Boot will be connected to boot hanger with screws Integral snap boots will be installed Objective(s): Ensure durable joints 
 
3.1601.1j - Flex to duct board 
 
3.1601.1j - Flex to duct board 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage 
Specification(s): Take-offs will be in accordance with IRC and applicable local code 
Objective(s): Ensure durable joints 
 
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3.1601.2 - Duct Preparation for SPF Application 
Desired Outcome: Condition of ductwork identified and necessary repairs made in preparation for spray polyurethane foam (SPF) application 
3.1601.2a - Inspection 
Desired Outcome: Condition of ductwork identified and necessary repairs made in preparation for spray polyurethane foam (SPF) application 
Specification(s): All exposed ductwork in unconditioned spaces (e.g., attics, basements, crawl spaces) will be inspected 
Broken joints or large cracks, gaps, or holes will be identified 
Type of ductwork (e.g., metal, duct board, flex duct) will be identified 
Type and R-value of existing duct insulation (e.g., fiberglass, stone wool, asbestos) will be identified as will the location of vapor retarders, if any 
If asbestos insulation was used, it will not be disturbed; consult with an asbestos abatement expert for removal 
Loose fitting or damaged fiberglass or stone wool insulation will be removed using proper safety equipment 
Necessary clearances for installation of SPF will be ensured 
Objective(s): Identify damaged ductwork in need of repair 
Identify type and R-value of existing insulation 
 
3.1601.2b - Repair 
Desired Outcome: 
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3.1601.2b - Repair 
 
Condition of ductwork identified and necessary repairs made in preparation for spray polyurethane foam (SPF) application 
Specification(s): Broken or missing ductwork will be repaired or replaced 
All cracks, gaps, or holes greater than " will be taped or sealed as feasible 
Dust, dirt, and grease will be removed from exterior surfaces of ducts 
Objective(s): Cover openings in ducts to prevent SPF from entering the interior of the duct 
Ensure surfaces of duct are clean to promote proper adhesion of SPF 
 
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3.1601.3 - Support 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly supported 
3.1601.3a - Support (applies to all duct types) 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums properly supported 
Specification(s): Flexible and duct board ducts and plenums will be supported every 4' using a minimum of 1 " wide material Support materials will be applied in a way that does not crimp ductwork or cause the interior dimensions of the ductwork to be less than specified (e.g., ceiling, framing, strapping); duct support must be installed in accordance with authority having jurisdiction Metal ducts will be supported by 1/2 inch wide eighteen gauge metal straps or 12-gauge galvanized wire at intervals not exceeding 10 feet or other approved means 
Objective(s): Eliminate falling and sagging 
 
 Before 
Ducts should not be allowed to droop and drag, adding distance to run 
 
 After 
Properly supported ducts minimize heat loss and and maximize duct run 
 
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Tools: 1. Metal snips 2. Utility knife 3. Drill 4. Stapler 
 
3.1601.3a - Support (applies to all duct types) 
Materials: 1. 18 gauge metal strap (at least 1/2" wide) 2. 12 gauge galvinized wire 3. Fabric support straps (at least 1 1/2" wide) 4. Staples 5. Fasteners 
 
BAD: Make sure supports DO NOT compress insulation or duct 
 
Flex ducts should have supports no less than every 4 feet 
 
Durable strap should be at least 1 1/2 inches wide 
 
Metal ducts should be supported every Metal straps should be at least 18 
 
10 feet or less with straps or wire 
 
gauge and 1/2 inch wide 
 
Metal wire should be at least 12 gauge and galvanized 
 
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3.1602.1 - Air Sealing Duct System 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage 
3.1602.1c - Existing component to existing component 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage Specification(s): Seams, cracks, joints, holes, and penetrations less than " will be sealed using UL 181 fiberembedded mastic Seams, cracks, joints, holes, and penetrations between " and " will be sealed in two stages: * They will be backed using temporary tape (e.g., foil tape) as a support prior to sealing* They will be sealed using fiberglass mesh and mastic Seams, cracks, joints, holes, and penetrations larger than " will be repaired using rigid duct material Mastic will overlap repair joint or existing temporary tape by at least 1" on all sides Objective(s): Eliminate air leakage into or out of ducts and plenums Ensure adhesion of primary seal (fiberglass mesh and mastic) to the duct Reinforce seal Support fiberglass mesh and mastic during curing 
 
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3.1602.1c - Existing component to existing component 
 
 Before 
Unsealed joints and connections need to be sealed to prevent health risks 
 
 After 
Sealed ductwork connections help prevent leakage 
 
Materials: 
1. Mastic 2. Fiberglass mesh tape 
 
1 
Prepare work area by assessing any safety concerns 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Wrap joint with fiberglass mesh tape Apply UL 181 mastic to seal joint 
 
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3.1602.2 - Duct Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Installation 
Desired Outcome: Exposed ductwork in unconditioned spaces insulated and sealed 
3.1602.2a - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Exposed ductwork in unconditioned spaces insulated and sealed 
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed according to manufacturer specifications and all provisions of the IRC SPF will be applied to desired thickness, using pass thickness maximum as indicated by manufacturer Sufficient insulation will be applied to all joints and around all penetrations to the conditioned space through walls, floors, and ceilings SPF will be covered with proper fire protective coverings or coatings appropriate for location of ductwork and type of foam used and provisions of the IRC and local codes If ducts are used for air-conditioning, an appropriate vapor retarder will be applied on the SPF if open-cell SPF used If 2" or more of closed-cell SPF is used, follow manufacturer specification to determine if additional vapor retarder is needed The flame spread index will not be greater than 25 and the smoke- developed index is not greater than 450 at the specified installed thickness The foam plastic will be protected with an ignition barrier 
Objective(s): Insulate and seal all exposed ductwork in unconditioned spaces Manage moisture condensation on ductwork that carry cooled air in warm, moist climates Provide adequate fire protection for exposed SPF 
 
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3.1602.3 - Proprietary Spray Application 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage 
3.1602.3a - Internal or external application 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage Specification(s): Installation of sealant will be applied in accordance with manufacturer specifications as well as UL 181M, NFPA 90A, and NFPA 90B Objective(s): Reduce duct leakage 
 
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3.1602.4 - Air Sealing System Components 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage 
3.1602.4a - Duct boot to interior surface 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage Specification(s): All gaps between boot and interior surface that defines conditioned space will be air sealed Gypsum edge will be wetted before applying water-based sealant Sealants will be continuous and be in accordance with IRC Objective(s): Prevent air leakage Prevent a fire hazard 
 
 Before 
Gaps around duct boots allow for leakage to and from the attic 
 
 After 
Use a mesh in mastic system to seal duct boot to interior surface 
 
Tools: 
1. Utility knife 2. Spray bottle 3. Putty knife 4. Reusable spray foam gun 5. Caulking gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Mastic 2. Mesh tape 3. Caulk 
 
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3.1602.4b - Wooden plenums and building cavities 
 
1 
 
2 
 
Remove grill to expose duct boot and Wet the edges of the drywall to 
 
gaps 
 
ensure a good bond 
 
3 
Cut mesh tape to fit around duct boot and cover gaps 
 
4 
 
5 
 
Apply mastic over mesh tape to create Once mastic is set, grill can be 
 
heat resistant, durable bond 
 
replaced and mastic should not show 
 
3.1602.4b - Wooden plenums and building cavities 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage 
Specification(s): Accessible connections and joints will be made airtight using approved material 
Objective(s): Ensure ducts and plenums will not leak 
 
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3.1602.4b - Wooden plenums and building cavities 
 
 Before 
Locate unsealed ducts constructed from building cavities 
 
 After 
Return plenum lined with fiberglass duct board and sealed with mastic 
 
Tools: 
1. disposable brushes 2. tape measure 3. utility knife 4. rubber gloves 5. framing square or T-square 6. tin snips 
 
Materials: 
1. mastic 2. fiberglass duct board 3. UL 181 listed mastic tape 4. screws 5. sheet metal 
 
DO NOT use spray polyurethane foam. 
 
Use approved materials to seal ductwork; cover organic materials with airtight, non-organic material such as mastic, metal, or duct board. 
 
From NFPA 90B 4.2.1.3: "The interior of combustible ducts shall be lined with noncombustible material at points where there might be danger from incandescent particles dropped through the register or heater, such as directly under floor registers, the bottom of vertical ducts, or heaters having a bottom return." 
 
From NFPA 90B 4.3.1.1: "Duct coverings, duct linings, and tapes used in duct systems shall have a maximum flame spread index of 25 without evidence of continued progressive combustion and a maximum smoke developed index of 50 when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84 or ANSI/UL 723..." 
 
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3.1602.4c - Air handler cabinet 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Identify building cavities used as ducts Seal holes and penetrations and line Cut and install fiberglass duct board to 
 
the duct with airtight material 
 
create an airtight duct 
 
4 
Seal seams in duct board and site-built ducts with mastic 
3.1602.4c - Air handler cabinet 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage 
Specification(s): Joints will be closed and cracks and holes not needed for proper function of unit will be sealed using removable sealant (e.g., foil tape) or in accordance with the original equipment manufacturer directions (if available) 
Objective(s): Reduce air leakage while maintaining accessibility 
 
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3.1602.4d - Filter slot 
 
 Before 
Unnecessary holes in the air handler cabinet need to be sealed 
 
 After 
Use removable foil tape to seal holes 
 
Materials: 1. Foil tape 
 
1 
Unnecessary holes in the air handler cabinet should be sealed 
 
2 
Removable foil tape should be used to seal 
 
3 
Fully cover holes with tape to seal completely 
 
3.1602.4d - Filter slot 
Desired Outcome: Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage 
Specification(s): A pre-manufactured or site manufactured durable filter slot cover will be installed 
Objective(s): Reduce air leakage while maintaining accessibility 
 
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3.1602.4d - Filter slot 
 
 Before 
Uncovered filter slots are a point of leakage 
 
 After 
Filter slots should be covered 
 
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3.1602.5 - Return--Framed Platform 
Desired Outcome: The return duct installed to prevent air leakage 
3.1602.5a - Preparation 
Desired Outcome: The return duct installed to prevent air leakage Specification(s): Debris and dirt will be cleaned out of the return platform Objective(s): Allow for the application of rigid materials and sealants 
 
 Before 
Dirty, unsealed return platform needs to be cleaned out before sealing 
Tools: 1. Shop vacuum 
 
In Progress 
Vacuum out debris and dirt from the return to prepare work area 
 
3.1602.5b - Infill and backing 
Desired Outcome: The return duct installed to prevent air leakage 
Specification(s): 
 
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3.1602.5b - Infill and backing 
 
Backing or infill will be provided as needed to meet the specific characteristics of the selected material and the characteristics of the open space 
Backing or infill will not bend, sag, or move once installed 
Material will be rated for use in return duct systems 
Objective(s): Minimize hole size to ensure successful use of sealant 
Ensure closure is permanent and supports any load (e.g., return air pressure) 
Ensure sealant does not fall out 
 
 Before 
Leakage from air return into wall cavities should be eliminated 
Tools: 1. Tape measure 2. Utility knife 3. Drill 4. Caulk gun 
 
In Progress 
Only materials rated for use in higher temperature areas should be used 
Materials: 
1. Fiberglass duct board 2. Drywall 3. Fire-resistant caulk 4. Fasteners 
 
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3.1602.5c - Sealant selection 
 
DO NOT use EPS foam board or XPS foam board in air returns due to proximity to combustion appliances 
 
3.1602.5c - Sealant selection 
Desired Outcome: The return duct installed to prevent air leakage 
Specification(s): Sealants will be continuous and be in accordance with IRC 
Objective(s): Select permanent sealant 
Ensure sealant meets or exceeds the performance characteristics of the surrounding materials 
 
Best Practice 
 
Best Practice 
 
Sealants, like mesh and UL 181 mastic, meet Caulk sealants will be continuous IRC, ASTM, and UL specs 
 
Tools: 
1. Caulk gun 2. Utility knife 3. Taping knife 
 
Materials: 
1. Fiberglass mesh 2. Siliconized caulk 3. UL 181 mastic 
 
Paraphrased from 2012 IRC R302.9: Wall and ceiling finishes will have a flame spread index of 200 or less and a smoke-developed index of 450 or less 
 
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 Insulation > Attics > General Preparation 
4.1001.1 - Non-Insulation Contact (IC) Recessed Light 
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage 
4.1001.1a - Air barrier system 
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage Specification(s): A fire-rated air barrier system (i.e., equivalent to 5/8 fire code gypsum wallboard) will be used to separate non- IC rated recessed lights from insulation, using one of the methods below: A fire-rated airtight closure taller than surrounding attic insulation will be placed over non- IC rated recessed lights OR The non- IC rated light fixture will be replaced with an airtight IC - rated fixture or insert OR The fixture(s) may be replaced with surface mounted fixture and opening sealed ORAir sealing measures as approved by the authority having jurisdiction Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard Prevent air leakage through fixture 
 
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4.1001.1b - Enclosure top 
 
 Before 
Non-IC rated recessed light fixtures should be dammed from insulation 
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Tape measure 
 
 After 
Sealed box around non-IC light should be taller than surrounding insulation 
Materials: 
1. 5/8" fire-rated Type X drywall 2. Fire-rated caulk sealant 3. OR approved fire-rated air barrier system/material 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Construct box to maintain a minimum of 3" clearance to combustible materials 
 
Sealed box should be constructed of fire-rated drywall 
 
OR non-IC can light can be replaced with airtight, IC-rated recessed light 
 
4.1001.1b - Enclosure top 
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage 
Specification(s): The top-fire rated enclosure material will have an R-value of 0.56 or less 
The top of the enclosure will be left free of insulation 
 
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Objective(s): Prevent heat build up 
 
4.1001.1c - Clearance 
 
 Before 
Non-IC rated recessed lights create excess heat and are a fire risk 
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Caulk gun 
 
 After 
Once dammed from insulation, it should still not have insulation on top 
Materials: 1. Drywall 
 
4.1001.1c - Clearance 
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage 
Specification(s): The entire closure will maintain a 3" clearance between the closure and the fixture including wiring, box, and ballast 
Objective(s): Keep an air space around the fixture 
 
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4.1001.1d - Sealants and weather stripping 
 
 Before 
Non-IC rated recessed lights produce excess heat and can be a fire risk 
 
 After 
A 3 inch clearance should be kept from boxing materials 
 
Tools: 
1. Utility knife 2. Tape measure 3. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Fire-rated sealant 2. Drywall 
 
4.1001.1d - Sealants and weather stripping 
Desired Outcome: Ensure safety from fire and prevent air leakage 
Specification(s): Caulk, mastic, or foam will be used on all edges, gaps, cracks, holes, and penetrations of closure material only 
Objective(s): To prevent air leakage, completely adhere the sealant to all surfaces to be sealed 
 
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4.1001.1d - Sealants and weather stripping 
 
 Before 
Non-IC recessed light fixtures produce excess heat and can be a fire risk 
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 2. Spray foam gun 3. Putty knife 
 
 After 
Entire box should be sealed, but none should come in contact with light 
Materials: 
1. Fire-rated silicone caulk 2. UL-181 mastic 3. Spray foam 
 
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4.1001.2 - Knob and Tube Wiring 
Desired Outcome: Insulation kept away from contact with live wiring Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
4.1001.2a - Identifying knob and tube wiring 
Desired Outcome: Insulation kept away from contact with live wiring 
Specification(s): Contractor, assessor, auditor, or similar will inspect and assess the house to identify knob and tube wiring 
Objective(s): Determine if knob and tube wiring exists 
 
Unsafe 
Identify knob and tube wiring in homes to insulate properly and safely 
 
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4.1001.2b - Testing to determine if live 
 
More knob & tube wiring 
 
Knob & tube wiring again 
 
4.1001.2b - Testing to determine if live 
Desired Outcome: Insulation kept away from contact with live wiring 
Specification(s): Non-contact testing method will be used to identify live wiring 
Objective(s): Ensure safety of occupants, workers, and house 
Plan where remediation is needed 
 
Unsafe 
Knob & tube wiring needs to be tested to determine if still live. Red=live 
Tools: 1. Non-contact wire tester 
 
Safe 
Live wiring should be dammed or professionally disabled before insulating 
 
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4.1001.2c - Isolate or replace 
 
4.1001.2c - Isolate or replace 
Desired Outcome: Insulation kept away from contact with live wiring 
Specification(s): Proper clearance will be maintained around live knob and tube as required by the National Electrical Code ( NEC ) or authority having jurisdiction 
When required, a dam that does not cover the top will be created to separate insulation from the wire path 
Objective(s): Ensure work can be completed safely 
Protect occupant and house 
Ensure future work can be done safely 
Prevent the overheating of the wiring 
 
 Before 
Knob & tube wiring radiates heat and cannot be insulated over 
 
 After 
Before insulation, wiring should be dammed or disabled and replaced 
 
Tools: 
1. Non-contact wire tester 2. Drywall 3. Plywood 4. Saw 5. Drill 6. Tape measure 
 
Materials: 
1. Fasteners 2. Romex as needed 
 
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4.1001.2c - Isolate or replace 
 
NEC guidelines and local jurisdictions often closely prescribe the treatment of knob & tube wiring. Check your local codes. 
 
If electrician determines wiring is safe and keeps it active, isolate wires 
 
To isolate, dams higher than intended Warning of knob & tube should be insulation depth should be installed posted at all entrances to related 
spaces 
 
Warning signs should encourage the Some jurisdictions require warning use of certified electrician for repairs signs in Spanish as well 
 
If knob & tube can be replaced, all existent k&t should be disabled 
 
Many electricians will removed 
 
Modern wiring should replace all knob 
 
exposed wires to prevent reactivation & tube 
 
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4.1001.3 - Fireplace Chimney and Combustion Flue Vents 
Desired Outcome: Combustible materials kept away from combustion sources 
4.1001.3a - Verify attic prep 
Desired Outcome: Combustible materials kept away from combustion sources Specification(s): Holes, penetrations, and bypasses will be sealed Dams will be fixed in places that maintain required clearance Objective(s): Prevent air leakage Ensure insulation dams maintain clearance 
 
 Before 
Gaps and penetrations in attic need to be sealed to maintain air barrier 
Tools: 
1. Metal snips 2. Caulk gun 3. Fasteners 
 
 After 
Chimneys, flues, and light fixtures should be dammed to prevent fire 
Materials: 
1. 26-gauge steel sheeting 2. High temperature caulk 3. Caulk 4. Backer rod 5. Spray foam 
 
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4.1001.3b - Required clearance 
 
Gaps around flues and penetrations need to be sealed before insulating 
 
High temperature caulk should be used for flues and chimneys 
 
26-gauge steel should be used to construct seals and dams on flues 
 
Only construct dam after sealing has Dammed chimneys, flues and light 
 
been completed properly 
 
fixtures prevent fires 
 
4.1001.3b - Required clearance 
Desired Outcome: Combustible materials kept away from combustion sources 
Specification(s): A rigid dam having a height to ensure a 3" clearance area free of insulation or combustibles between combustion flue vent and dam, unless the flue vent is listed for a lesser clearance 
Objective(s): Ensure dam material does not bend, move, or sag 
Prevent a fire hazard 
 
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4.1001.3c - Safety 
 
 Before 
To prevent fire hazards, flues, chimneys, and light fixtures require dams 
 
 After 
Observe a 3 inch minimum clearance for dams around flues and chimneys 
 
Tools: 1. Metal snips 
 
Materials: 
1. 26-gauge steel sheeting 2. Fasteners 
 
4.1001.3c - Safety 
Desired Outcome: Combustible materials kept away from combustion sources 
Specification(s): Insulation will not be allowed between a heat-generating appliance and a dam unless material is rated for contact with heat generating sources 
Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard 
 
 Before 
Dams around flues, chimneys, and light fixtures should hold back insulation 
 
 After 
Clear dams of any loose insulation in order to minimize risk of fire 
 
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4.1001.3d - Occupant education 
 
4.1001.3d - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Combustible materials kept away from combustion sources 
Specification(s): Documentation of material and R-value will be provided to occupant 
Objective(s): Provide occupant with documentation of installation 
 
Best Practice 
Staple insulation card in an easily viewed location in the attic 
 
Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support 
 
Documentation should include insulation material and r-value 
 
Staple the insulation card in a prominent location in the attic 
 
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4.1001.4 - Vented Eave or Soffit Baffles 
Desired Outcome: Attic ventilation meets code requirements and insulation is protected from wind washing Note: 
4.1001.4a - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Attic ventilation meets code requirements and insulation is protected from wind washing 
Specification(s): If soffit venting or eave venting is present, baffles will be mechanically fastened to block wind entry into insulation or to prevent insulation from blowing back into the attic If soffit venting or eave venting is present, baffles will be installed to maintain clearance between the roof deck and baffle in accordance with manufacturer specifications Installation will allow for the highest possible R-value above the top plate of the exterior wall 
Objective(s): Ensure insulation R-value is not reduced Maintain attic ventilation 
 
 Before 
Insulation should not block vented eaves 
Tools: 1. Stapler 
 
 After 
Baffles installed in vented attics to allow air flow past insulation 
Materials: 1. Baffles 2. Staples 
 
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4.1001.4a - Installation 
 
Allow a standard two inch gap for air flow through eave 
 
Baffles should be securely fastened to Once baffles are properly installed, 
 
prevent movement over time 
 
insulation can be placed against them 
 
Baffles also hold insulation from falling into eave 
 
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4.1003.3 - Unvented Flat Roof with Existing Insulation 
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through unvented roof 
4.1003.3a - Ventilation 
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through unvented roof Specification(s): Code compliant ventilation will be installed before insulation Objective(s): Reduce possibility of moisture issues 
 
 Before 
Unvented flat roofs should have venting installed 
Tools: 
1. Saw 2. Grinder 3. Metal snips 4. Drill 
 
 After 
Vents in the space below the roof help maintain proper air flow 
Materials: 1. Metal lath 2. Stucco 
 
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4.1003.3b - Installation 
 
Unvented flat roofs should have venting installed 
 
Vents in the space below the roof help maintain proper air flow 
 
Mushroom capped vents in the roof are equally important to air flow 
 
4.1003.3b - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through unvented roof 
Specification(s): Roof cavities will be blown with loose fill insulation (or roof cavities will be dense packed with insulation) without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions 
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value 
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
 
 Before 
Vent reveals attic is insulated with old rug -not adequate. 
 
In Progress 
Attic will be dense packed to r-value specified on Work Order. 
 
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4.1003.3c - Occupant education 
 
Tools: 1. Insulation machine 
 
Materials: 
1. Loose fillable or dense packable insulation 
 
4.1003.3c - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through unvented roof 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:  Insulation type  Coverage area  R-value  Installed thickness and minimum settled thickness  Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Ensure ability to match bags required for total area completed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
Best Practice 
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed 
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4.1003.3c - Occupant education 
 
Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support 
 
Documentation should include insulation material and r-value 
 
Provide occupant with copies of all documentation 
 
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4.1004.1 - Preparation for Dense Packing 
Desired Outcome: Airtight cavity and insulated knee wall 
4.1004.1a - Backing 
Desired Outcome: Airtight cavity and insulated knee wall 
Specification(s): All knee walls will have top and bottom plate or blockers installed using rigid materials When knee wall floor and walls are being insulated, the floor joist running under the knee wall will be air sealed If fabric is used before dense packing, it will be secured, according to manufacturers specifications or with furring strips every wall stud If rigid material is used, material will be installed to cover 100% of the surface of the accessible knee wall area If foam sheathing is used, sheathing will be listed for uncovered use in an attic or covered with a fire barrier 
Objective(s): Eliminate bending, sagging, or movement that may result in air leakage Prevent air leakage through the top or bottom of the knee wall Ensure material will not tear under stress from wind loads or insulation 
 
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4.1004.1a - Backing 
 
 Before 
Knee walls often need sealing and insulation 
 
 After 
Knee wall is prepped for dense pack insulation 
 
Tools: 
1. Tape measure 2. Utility knife 3. Caulk gun 4. Spray foam gun 5. Drill 6. Stapler 
 
Materials: 
1. Drywall 2. XPS 3. Caulk 4. Spray foam 5. Fasteners 6. Staples 
 
Knee walls missing top plates need one created from rigid material 
 
Top plate holds dense pack insulation New top plate should be sealed to 
 
in cavity 
 
surrounding joists and studs 
 
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Bottom plates also need to be installed. Measure for size 
 
4.1004.1b - Installation 
 
Cut to size and attempt to install in line with air barrier above 
 
Seal to surrounding joist 
 
If using house-wrap or fabric, tack in place with furring strips or staples 
 
Drywall is also a good barrier for dense packing knee walls 
 
4.1004.1b - Installation 
 
Desired Outcome: Airtight cavity and insulated knee wall 
Specification(s): All existing batted insulation will be adjusted to ensure it is in full contact with the interior cladding and the top and bottom plates 
Insulation that is blown behind fabric or air barrier material will be blown dense to a minimum specification of 3.5 pounds per cubic foot for cellulose 
Follow manufacturer's requirements for fiberglass dense pack applications 
Objective(s): Eliminate misalignment of existing insulation 
Prevent insulation from settling or moving 
 
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4.1004.1b - Installation 
 
 Before 
Existing batt insulation should be adjusted to fit properly 
 
 After 
If properly dense-packed, insulation should hold in place when finished 
 
Attach furring strips to create pockets for dense-pack insulation 
 
Insulation should meet manufacturer specifications for density. 
 
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4.1004.2 - Preparation for Batt Insulation 
Desired Outcome: Airtight cavity and properly insulated knee wall 
4.1004.2a - Knee wall prep for batts 
Desired Outcome: Airtight cavity and properly insulated knee wall Specification(s): All knee walls will have a top and bottom plate or blockers installed using a Rigid material All joints, cracks, and penetrations will be sealed in finished material, including interior surface to framing connections When knee wall floor and walls are being insulated, the floor joist running under the knee wall will be air sealed. Objective(s): Eliminate bending, sagging, or movement that may result in air leakage Prevent air leakage through the top or bottom of the knee wall Create an air barrier 
 
 Before 
Top plate is missing from knee wall 
 
 After 
New top plate is sealed to adjacent framing 
 
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Tools: 1. Spray foam gun 2. Caulk gun 3. Tape measure 4. Utility knife 5. Drill 6. Saw 
 
Materials: 
1. XPS 2. Lumber 3. Caulk 4. Spray foam 5. Fasteners 
 
4.1004.2b - Installation 
 
Top plate has been cut and fit to size Top plate has been sealed to adjacent framing 
 
Bottom plate is also missing. Space is measured so XPS can be cut 
 
Bottom plate is cut to size 
 
Bottom plate is placed in line with interior air barrier 
 
Bottom plate is also sealed to surrounding joist and framing 
 
4.1004.2b - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Airtight cavity and properly insulated knee wall 
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed using one of the following methods: 
 New batts will be installed in accordance with manufacture specifications 
 
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4.1004.2c - Backing knee wall 
 
 All existing batted insulation will be adjusted to ensure it is in full contact with the interior cladding and the top and bottom plates 
Objective(s): Eliminate misalignment of existing insulation 
 
 Before 
Knee wall with batts improperly installed and missing from stud bays 
 
 After 
Properly fit insulation filling full volume of stud bay 
 
Tools: 
1. Utility knife 2. Tape measure 
 
Materials: 1. Fiberglass batts 
 
Where existing insulation is improperly Kraft-face should go to "warm in 
 
installed, fix it 
 
winter" side and batt should fill bay 
 
Batts should fill entire volume of knee wall stud bays 
 
4.1004.2c - Backing knee wall 
Desired Outcome: Airtight cavity and properly insulated knee wall 
 
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4.1004.2c - Backing knee wall 
 
Specification(s): If rigid material is used, material will be installed to cover 100% of the surface of the knee wall 
If foam sheathing is used, sheathing will be listed for uncovered use in attic, or covered with a fire barrier 
Objective(s): Prevent insulation from settling or moving 
 
 Before 
Knee walls with batt insulation require covering 
 
 After 
Foam sheathing? Needs to be covered with a fire barrier 
 
Tools: 
 
Materials: 
 
1. Utility knife 
 
1. Drywall 
 
2. Tape measure 
 
2. House wrap 
 
3. Drill 
 
Many popular extruded polystyrene (XPS) foam insulation products meet the exemption at the 
 
bottom of the following section from the 2012 IRC, based on testing and evaluation by the ICC 
 
Evaluation Service (ICC-ES) or Underwriters Laboratories (UL). Ensure that the code 
 
conditions are met and check for the appropriate ICC-ES or UL evaluation report for the specific 
 
product and manufacturer before installing without an iginition or thermal barrier. 
 
"R316.5.3 Attics. The thermal barrier specified in Section R316.4 is not required where all of the following apply: 
1. Attic access is required by Section R807.1. 
2. The space is entered only for purposes of repairs or maintenance. 
3. The foam plastic insulation is protected against ignition using one of the following ignition barrier materials: 
3.1. 11/2-inch-thick (38 mm) mineral fiber insulation; 
 
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4.1004.2c - Backing knee wall 
 
3.2. 1/4-inch-thick (6.4 mm) wood structural panels; 3.3. 3/8-inch (9.5 mm) particleboard; 3.4. 1/4-inch (6.4 mm) hardboard; 3.5. 3/8-inch (9.5 mm) gypsum board; or 3.6. Corrosion-resistant steel having a base metal thickness of 0.016 inch (0.406 mm); 3.7. 11/2-inch-thick (38 mm) cellulose insulation.The above ignition barrier is not required where the foam plastic insulation has been tested in accordance with Section R316.6." 
 
1 
 
2 
 
Fiberglass batts in attic knee walls can be held in place by If foam sheathing is used, it needs to be covered with a 
 
house wrap 
 
fire barrier 
 
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4.1004.3 - Strapping for Existing Insulation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
Note: 
4.1004.3a - Sealing 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
Specification(s): Holes and penetrations will be sealed 
Bypasses will be blocked and sealed 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage 
 
4.1004.3b - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed in full contact with all sides of existing cavity without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions 
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
 
4.1004.3c - Attachment 
 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to 
 
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4.1004.3d - Occupant education 
 
prescribed R-value 
Specification(s): Strapping material will have a minimum expected service life of 20 years 
Objective(s): Maintain alignment 
 
4.1004.3d - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
Specification(s): Documentation of material and R-value will be provided to occupant 
Objective(s): Provide occupant with documentation of installation 
 
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4.1004.4 - Knee Wall Without Framing 
Desired Outcome: Consistent uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
 
4.1004.4a - Sealing 
Desired Outcome: Consistent uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
Specification(s): Holes and penetrations will be sealed 
Bypasses will be blocked and sealed 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage 
 
4.1004.4b - Flat cavity present 
Desired Outcome: Consistent uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
Specification(s): Gap between framing and existing air barrier will be insulated 
Objective(s): Create a flat insulated surface 
 
4.1004.4c - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
 
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4.1004.4d - Occupant education 
 
Specification(s): A rigid insulated sheathing will be mechanically fastened to code required R-value 
Seams will be sealed 
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
 
4.1004.4d - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Consistent uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 Coverage area 
 Thickness  R-value 
Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications 
Confirm amount of insulation installed 
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
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4.1005.1 - Accessible Floors--Batt Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow 
4.1005.1a - Preparation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow Specification(s): Subfloor or drywall will be removed to access cavities as necessary, including inaccessible kneewall attic floor spaces All electrical junctions will be flagged to be seen above the level of the insulation Open electrical junction boxes will have covers installed Objective(s): Access the workspace Provide location of electrical junctions for future servicing Prevent an electrical hazard 
 
 Before 
Remove flooring in attic spaces to access floor cavities and insulate 
 
 After 
Flag electrical junctions to make future maintenance and repairs easier 
 
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Tools: 1. Hammer 2. Pry bar 
 
Materials: 1. Flags 
 
4.1005.1b - Installation 
 
Pry up flooring to access floor cavities Check cavity for electrical junctions and penetrations 
 
If electrical junctions are found, they should be enclosed and flagged 
 
Air seal any penetrations 
 
4.1005.1b - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow 
Specification(s): Batt insulation will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions 
Insulation will be installed to the prescribed R-value 
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
 
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4.1005.1c - Occupant education 
 
 Before 
Accessible attic floors should be air sealed and insulated 
Tools: 
1. Hammer 2. Utility knife 3. Tape measure 
 
 After 
Insulate floor cavities to prescribe R-value from the work order 
Materials: 1. Fiberglass batts 
 
Insert fiberglass batts into floor cavities, kraft-face down 
 
Fill entire volume of floor cavity 
 
Once insulated, flooring should be reinstalled 
 
4.1005.1c - Occupant education 
 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 Coverage area 
 Thickness 
 
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 R-value Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
4.1005.1c - Occupant education 
 
Best Practice 
Document the thickness and R-value of the installed insulation 
 
Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support 
 
Documentation should include insulation material and r-value 
 
Provide occupant with copies of all documentation 
 
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4.1005.2 - Accessible Floors--Loose Fill Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow 
4.1005.2a - Preparation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow Specification(s): Subfloor or drywall will be removed to access cavities as necessary, including inaccessible kneewall attic floor spaces Insulation will be adequately marked for depth a minimum of every 300 square feet of attic area, with measurement beginning at the air barrier All electrical boxes will be flagged to be seen above the level of the insulation Open electrical junctions will have covers installed Insulation dams and enclosures will be installed as required Objective(s): Access the workspace Verify uniformity of insulation material Provide location of electrical boxes for future servicing Prevent an electrical hazard 
 
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4.1005.2a - Preparation 
 
 Before 
Accessible attic floors should be air sealed and insulated 
Tools: 
1. Pry bar 2. Hammer 3. Caulk gun 4. Utility knife 5. Staple gun 6. Spray foam gun 7. Tape measure 
 
 After 
Depth markers and insulation dams aid in proper insulation of attic spaces 
Materials: 1. Flags 2. Depth markers 3. Staples 4. XPS 5. Caulk 6. Spray foam 
 
Check cavity for electrical junctions and penetrations 
 
Flag and install covers on electrical junctions 
 
Seal any penetrations 
 
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4.1005.2b - Air barrier 
 
Non-IC (insulation contact) can lights should be covered with a dam and have no insulation on top 
 
Install depth markers and insulation dams above height of insulation 
 
4.1005.2b - Air barrier 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow 
Specification(s): Existence of air barrier material in line with the knee walls will be installed or verified when dense packing 
Air barrier material will not bend, sag, or move once dense packed 
Objective(s): Hold dense pack in place 
 
 Before 
When missing, bottom plates must be installed under knee walls 
 
 After 
New bottom plates complete air barrier and hold insulation in place 
 
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Tools: 1. Tape measure 2. Utility knife 3. Saw 4. Drill 5. Spray foam gun 6. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Spray foam 2. XPS 3. Drywall 4. Plywood 5. Fasteners 6. Caulk sealant 
 
4.1005.2c - Installation 
 
Measure floor cavity for new bottom plate 
 
Cut rigid material, such as XPS, to size to snugly fit into cavity 
 
Align block with air barrier of conditioned space 
 
Air seal around new bottom plate with spray foam 
4.1005.2c - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow 
Specification(s): All insulation will be installed to the minimum unsettled depth and the maximum coverage per bag to reach a consistent depth for desired R-value indicated on the manufacturer's coverage chart. 
 
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Objective(s): Reduce heating and air conditioning costs Improve comfort Minimize noise 
 
4.1005.2d - Onsite documentation 
 
 Before 
Accessible attic floor should be air sealed and insulated 
Tools: 1. Insulation machine 
 
 After 
Check chart on package to ensure proper insulation depth to achieve R-value 
Materials: 1. Loose fill insulation 
 
Use depth markers to ensure insulation has reached prescribed R-value 
 
Where flooring cannot be removed, verify insulation is meeting R-value goal 
 
4.1005.2d - Onsite documentation 
 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow 
 
Specification(s): 
 
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4.1005.2d - Onsite documentation 
 
A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 Insulation type  Coverage area  R-value  Installed thickness and settled thickness  Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specification 
Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications 
Confirm amount of insulation installed 
Ensure ability to match bags required for total area completed 
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
Best Practice 
Information on insulation installed should be posted nearby 
 
Best Practice 
Posted info includes insulation type, r-value, depth, coverage area, etc. 
 
Paraphrased from 16 CFR 460.17: If you are an installer, you must give your customers a contract or receipt for the insulation you install. For loose-fill, the receipt must show the coverage area, initial installed thickness, minimum settled thickness, R-value, and the number of bags used. To figure out the R-value of the insulation, use the data that the manufacturer gives you. The receipt must be dated and signed by the installer. 
 
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4.1005.3 - Accessible Floors--Batt Insulation Over Existing Insulation 
Desired Outcome: Insulation controls heat transfer through ceiling 
4.1005.3e - Onsite documentation 
Desired Outcome: Insulation controls heat transfer through ceiling Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 Coverage area  Thickness  R-value 
Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Ensure ability to match bags required for total area completed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
Best Practice 
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed 
 
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4.1005.3e - Onsite documentation 
 
Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support 
 
Documentation should include insulation material and r-value 
 
Provide an attic insulation card detailing thickness, type, and R-value of the newly added insulation 
 
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4.1005.4 - Accessible Floors--Loose Fill Over Existing Insulation 
Desired Outcome: Insulation controls heat transfer through ceiling 
4.1005.4d - Onsite documentation 
Desired Outcome: Insulation controls heat transfer through ceiling Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:  Insulation type  Coverage area  R-value  Installed thickness and minimum settled thickness  Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Ensure ability to match bags required for total area completed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
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4.1005.4d - Onsite documentation 
 
Best Practice 
Written documentation of insulation type and efficiency will be provided 
 
Best Practice 
Information should include depth of loose fill installed and once settled 
 
Paraphrased from 16 CFR 460.17: If you are an installer, you must give your customers a contract or receipt for the insulation you install. For loose-fill, the receipt must show the coverage area, initial installed thickness, minimum settled thickness, R-value, and the number of bags used. To figure out the R-value of the insulation, use the data that the manufacturer gives you. The receipt must be dated and signed by the installer. 
 
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4.1005.5 - Enclosed Bonus Room Floor Over Unconditioned Space--Dense Pack Installation 
Desired Outcome: A consistent thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow 
4.1005.5a - Air barrier 
Desired Outcome: A consistent thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow Specification(s): Existence of air barrier material in line with the knee walls will be installed or verified when dense packing Air barrier material will not bend, sag, or move once dense packed Objective(s): Hold dense pack in place 
 
 Before 
This finished garage below a bonus room is an unconditioned space 
 
 After 
Rigid material forms an air barrier located under the bonus room stem wall 
 
Tools: 
1. Drywall saw 2. Utility knife 3. Tape measure 4. Straight edge 
 
Materials: 1. XPS or other rigid material 
 
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4.1005.5b - Fill floors 
 
Snap chalk lines to keep access cuts Cut through garage ceiling to access The rigid block should be placed in line 
 
clean and easy to repair 
 
joist cavities below bonus room 
 
with the stem wall above 
 
Measure joist cavity depth 
 
Measure joist cavity width 
 
Cut XPS, or other rigid material, to measured size of joist cavity 
 
Rigid block should fit snugly into joist Rigid block will hold the insulation in 
 
cavity to prevent insulation leaks 
 
place under the bonus room above 
 
4.1005.5b - Fill floors 
 
Desired Outcome: A consistent thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow 
Specification(s): Each cavity will be 100% filled to consistent density: 
 
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4.1005.5b - Fill floors 
 
 Cellulose material will be installed to a minimum density of 3.5 pounds per cubic foot or to a maximum density structurally allowable 
 Loose fiberglass material will be installed and will be specifically approved for air flow resistance to a minimum density per the manufacturer's recommendations 
The number of bags installed will be confirmed and will match the number required on the coverage chart 
Insulation will be verified to prevent visible air movement at 50 pascals of pressure difference using chemical smoke or other approved verification method by the authority having jurisdiction 
Objective(s): Eliminate voids and settling 
Minimize framing cavity air flows 
 
 Before 
With rigid block in place under bonus room stem wall, insulation can begin 
Tools: 1. Insulation machine 2. Drill 3. Smoke pencil 4. Blower door 5. Small hole saw bit 
 
 After 
Chemical smoke at 50pa indicates insulation is at appropriate density 
Materials: 
1. Cellulose insulation 2. Dense packable insulation 3. Spackle 4. Seam tape 
 
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4.1005.5c - Safety 
 
Blow insulation into cavities to density Close cavities with access panel cut Cut small test holes in cavities to verify 
 
appropriate for chosen material 
 
out at the beginning 
 
specified density has been met 
 
Set up blower door and depressurize With blower door running, chemical Tape and spackle access panel and 
 
bonus room to -50pa wrt outside 
 
smoke should not draw into test holes test holes to repair garage ceiling 
 
4.1005.5c - Safety 
Desired Outcome: A consistent thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow 
Specification(s): Insulation will not be allowed on top of non-IC rated can light boxes or between a heat-generating appliance and a dam, unless material is rated for contact with heat generating sources 
Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard 
 
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4.1005.5d - Onsite documentation 
 
 Before 
Dams around flues, chimneys, and light fixtures should hold back insulation 
 
 After 
Clear dams of any insulation or debris in order to minimize risk of fire 
 
No insulation on top of non-insulation contatct (non-IC) rated fixtures 
 
4.1005.5d - Onsite documentation 
Desired Outcome: A consistent thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space controls the heat flow 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 Coverage area 
 Thickness 
 R-value Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications 
Confirm amount of insulation installed 
 
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Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
4.1005.5d - Onsite documentation 
 
 After 
Documentation of insulation installed should be provided in writing 
Paraphrased from 16 CFR 460.17: If you are an installer, you must give your customers a contract or receipt for the insulation you install. For all insulation except loose-fill and aluminum foil, the receipt must show the coverage area, thickness, and R-value of the insulation you installed. The receipt must be dated and signed by the installer. To figure out the R-value of the insulation, use the data that the manufacturer gives you. 
 
In addition to posting an insulation information card in the Information should include insulation type, r-value, 
 
insulated space, a "receipt" may be provided 
 
coverage area, etc. 
 
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4.1005.6 - Enclosed Attic Storage Platform Floor--Dense Pack Installation 
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through floor and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments 
4.1005.6a - Fill floors 
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through floor and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments 
Specification(s): Each cavity will be 100% filled to consistent density: 
 Cellulose material will be installed to a minimum density of 3.5 pounds per cubic foot or to a maximum density structurally allowable 
 Loose fiberglass material will be installed and will be specifically approved for air flow resistance to a minimum density per the manufacturer's recommendations 
 The number of bags installed will be confirmed and will match the number required on the coverage chart 
Insulation will be verified to prevent visible air movement at 50 pascals of pressure difference using chemical smoke or other approved verification method by the authority having jurisdiction 
Objective(s): Eliminate voids and settling 
Minimize framing cavity air flows 
4.1005.6b - Safety 
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through floor and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments 
Specification(s): Insulation will not be allowed on top of non-IC rated can light boxes or between a heat generating appliance and a dam, unless material is rated for contact with heat generating sources 
 
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4.1005.6c - Onsite documentation 
 
Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard 
 
4.1005.6c - Onsite documentation 
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through floor and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 Coverage area 
 Thickness 
 R-value Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications 
Confirm amount of insulation installed 
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
4.1005.6d - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Insulation reduces heat flow through floor and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments 
Specification(s): Documentation of material and R-value will be provided to occupants 
Objective(s): Provide occupant with documentation of installation 
 
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4.1006.1 - Pull-Down Stairs 
Desired Outcome: Pull-down attic stair properly sealed and insulated 
4.1006.1a - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Pull-down attic stair properly sealed and insulated Specification(s): Top-side of the attic enclosure will be insulated to the maximum R-value structurally allowable up to the R-value of the adjoining insulated assembly Pull-down stair rough opening will be surrounded with a durable, rigid dam that is higher than the level of the attic floor insulation Counter-weights should be considered to ease accessibility for excessively heavy hatches Objective(s): Achieve uniform R-value Prevent loose insulation from entering the living area 
 
 Before 
Insulation needs to be dammed to keep from falling through during operation 
 
 After 
Insulated pull-down stairs cover installed to prevent air leakage 
 
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Tools: 1. Tape measure 2. Drill 3. Saw 4. Caulk gun 
 
4.1006.1b - Sealing 
Materials: 1. Caulk sealant 2. Lumber 3. XPS 4. Pre-fabricated stairwell cover 
 
Stairs and hatch should both be insulated to match r-value of attic 
4.1006.1b - Sealing 
Desired Outcome: Pull-down attic stair properly sealed and insulated 
Specification(s): Entire pull-down stair assembly will be covered with an airtight and removable/openable enclosure inside the attic space 
Pull-down stair frame will be caulked, gasketed, weatherstripped, or otherwise sealed with an air barrier material, suitable film, frictionally engaging components or solid material that allows attic door operation 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage 
 
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4.1006.1b - Sealing 
 
 Before 
Unsealed pull-down stairs leads to air leakage to and from the attic 
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 
 
 After 
To preserve thermal envelope, an airtight seal needs to be created 
Materials: 
1. Weatherstripping 2. Spray foam 3. Caulk 
 
Seal around frame of pull-down stairs Weatherstrip around stair panel to 
 
with appropriate sealant 
 
encourage a tight seal 
 
Remember to seal finish details and trim 
 
Insulation and sealing should be airtight but openable 
 
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4.1006.2 - Access Doors and Hatches 
Desired Outcome: Attic access door properly sealed and insulated 
4.1006.2a - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Attic access door properly sealed and insulated Specification(s): Hatches will be insulated to the maximum R-value structurally allowable up to the R-value of the adjoining insulated assembly Attic hatches rough opening will be surrounded with a durable,rigid protective baffle that is higher than the level of the surrounding attic floor insulation Objective(s): Achieve uniform R-value on the attic door or hatch Achieve uniform R-value on the attic floor Prevent loose attic floor insulation from entering the living area 
 
 Before 
Uninsulated attic hatches and access panels weaken the thermal envelope 
 
 After 
Hatch cover or panel access door should match r-value of attic insulation 
 
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Materials: 1. XPS 2. Lumber 3. Weatherstripping 4. Fasteners 
 
4.1006.2b - Sealing 
 
1 
Create hatch cover that matches rvalue of surrounding insulation 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Build dam to hold back attic insulation Weatherstrip underside of hatch cover 
 
and hold cover in place tightly 
 
to create tight seal 
 
4 
Alternate installation for vertical access panel to attic 
 
4.1006.2b - Sealing 
Desired Outcome: Attic access door properly sealed and insulated 
Specification(s): Access hatch frames will be sealed using caulk, gasket, weather-strip, or otherwise sealed with an air barrier material, suitable film, or solid material 
Options will include installing a latch or lock or frictionally engaged components that do not require a latch 
 
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The measure must include a protective baffle or insulation barrier Objective(s): Prevent air leakage 
 
4.1006.2c - Attachment 
 
 Before 
Unsealed attic hatches and panel doors allow air leakage to and from attic 
 
 After 
Once sealed, air leakage at attic hatch or door should be minimized 
 
Materials: 
1. Weatherstripping 2. 3/4" Lumber 3. Caulk 
 
Remember to seal around finish details and framing on interior 
 
Build insulation dam from 3/4 inch lumber and seal around base 
 
Weatherstrip around bottom edge of hatch cover to create air tight seal 
 
4.1006.2c - Attachment 
 
Desired Outcome: Attic access door properly sealed and insulated 
Specification(s): Insulation will be permanently attached and in complete contact with the air barrier 
 
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Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
 
4.1006.2c - Attachment 
 
 Before 
Unsealed and uninsulated attic hatches and access doors allow leakage 
 
 After 
Rigid insulation on back of new hatch cover attached firmly and squarely to allow for airtight fit 
 
Tools: 
1. Caulk gun 2. Utility knife 
 
Materials: 
1. XPS 2. Adhesive 
 
1 
 
2 
 
Apply foam tape to "warm side" face of Ensure an air tight seal by making 
 
attic hatch 
 
sure foam tape has no gaps 
 
3 
Apply strong adhesive to "cold-side" of hatch 
 
4 
 
5 
 
6 
 
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4.1006.2c - Attachment 
 
Adhesive should ring perimeter as well Affix XPS insulation to "cold-side" of 
 
as criss-crossing hatch to ensure 
 
hatch with adhesive, ensuring XPS is 
 
complete attachment of insulation 
 
tight and square to hatch 
 
Repeat adhesive and XPS layers to reach maximum R-value without making hatch excessively heavy or awkward 
 
7 
All XPS layers should be attached firmly to one another and square to hatch 
 
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4.1006.3 - Whole-House Fan 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assemb 
Note: 
4.1006.3a - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assemb 
Specification(s): Sides of fan insulation box assembly will be insulated to the same R-value as adjoining insulated assembly 
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
 
4.1006.3b - Air sealing 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assemb 
Specification(s): Fan insulation box frame will be continuously weatherstripped to ensure a tight fit 
Fan insulation box will be constructed at a depth to protect the fan housing and motor from insulation 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage 
 
4.1006.3c - Attachment 
Desired Outcome: 
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4.1006.3d - Durability 
 
Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assemb 
Specification(s): Non-compressible insulation will be permanently attached in contact with fan insulation box 
Appropriate adhesive or mechanical fastener will be used 
Objective(s): Ensure continuous alignment with air barrier 
 
4.1006.3d - Durability 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assemb 
Specification(s): Material integrity will meet a minimum expected service life of 20 years 
Objective(s): Ensure a minimum expected service life 
 
4.1006.3e - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assemb 
Specification(s): Purpose of insulation will be communicated to occupant 
Objective(s): Educate occupant on how to use the whole-house fan to ensure integrity of the fan insulated assembly throughout service life 
 
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4.1088.1 - Attic Ventilation 
Desired Outcome: Properly restored vents minimize moisture and ice dams 
4.1088.1a - Air barrier and thermal boundary 
Desired Outcome: Properly restored vents minimize moisture and ice dams 
Specification(s): Attic ventilation will be recommended or installed if local code requires attic ventilation during weatherization or retrofits 
The presence of an effective air barrier and thermal boundary between the attic and the living space must be verified and appropriate attic sealing and proper insulation is specified as part of the scope of work 
Objective(s): Ensure presence of continuous air barrier and thermal boundary 
 
4.1088.1b - Vent type 
Desired Outcome: Properly restored vents minimize moisture and ice dams 
Specification(s): Attic vent types will be made of corrosion-resistant material for their specific location (e.g., exterior soffit, gable end, roof ) and material and intended use (e.g., metal vent on metal roof ) 
Attic-powered ventilators will not be used 
Objective(s): Ensure vent meets proper performance characteristics for location and roofing type 
 
4.1088.1c - Vent location 
Desired Outcome: 
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4.1088.1d - Ventilation baffling 
 
Properly restored vents minimize moisture and ice dams 
Specification(s): Placement of attic vents will be considered for proper air flow and prevention of entry of wind driven rain or snow 
Objective(s): Encourage proper air flow 
Minimize entry of wind driven rain or snow 
 
4.1088.1d - Ventilation baffling 
Desired Outcome: Properly restored vents minimize moisture and ice dams 
Specification(s): Baffling for attic soffit vents will be installed to: 
 Ensure proper air flow  Prevent wind washing of insulation  Allow maximum insulation coverage  Ensure baffle terminates above insulation 
Objective(s): Ensure vent allows proper air flow without compromising insulation performance 
 
4.1088.1e - Ventilation screens 
 
Desired Outcome: Properly restored vents minimize moisture and ice dams 
Specification(s): All attic ventilation will have screens with non-corroding wire mesh with openings of 1/16" to 1/4" to prevent pest entry (e.g., birds, bats, bees) 
Existing vents that are not screened will be covered with non-corroding wire mesh with openings of 1/16" to 1/4" 
Ensure net free area requirements are met 
 
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4.1088.1e - Ventilation screens 
 
Additional vents or larger vents can be added if screen size is smaller than designated 
Objective(s): Prevent pest entry 
 
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4.1088.3 - Skylights 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
4.1088.3b - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications and will be in full contact with all sides of existing cavity without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value 
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
 
 Before 
Uninsulated, unsealed skylight well 
 
 After 
Insulated, air sealed skylight well 
 
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4.1088.3c - Occupant education 
 
Tools: 
1. stapler 2. tape measure 3. utility knife 4. caulking gun 5. foam gun 
 
Materials: 
1. caulk 2. one-part foam sealant 3. insulation (fiberglass, cellulose, spray polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate board, extruded polystyrene board, or other as needed to achieve specified Rvalue) 4. air barrier material (drywall, foam board, paneling, hardboard, etc.) 
 
Air-permeable insulation such as fiberglass or cellulose should be covered with a sealed attic-side air barrier. 
 
1 
Skylight well 
 
2 
Carefully seal all seams and joints 
 
3 
Install insulation in complete contact with all sides of the cavity. 
 
4 
Install an attic-side air barrier. 
 
5 
The air barrier may be constructed from rigid insulation board. Seal the attic side air barrier 
 
4.1088.3c - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: 
 
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4.1088.3c - Occupant education 
 
Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 Insulation type 
 Coverage area 
 R-value 
 Installed thickness and settled thickness (settled thickness required for loose-fill only) 
 Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications (for loose-fill only) Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications 
Confirm amount of insulation installed 
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
Best Practice 
Attach an insulation information card in a prominent location near the attic access 
 
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4.1088.3c - Occupant education 
 
Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support 
 
Documentation should include insulation material and r-value 
 
Attach an insulation information card in a prominent location near the attic access 
 
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4.1101.1 - Exterior Wall Dense Packing 
Desired Outcome: Walls properly prepared to receive dense pack insulation 
 
4.1101.1a - Preparation 
 
Desired Outcome: Walls properly prepared to receive dense pack insulation 
Specification(s): Lead and asbestos safety procedures will be followed 
Cavities will be free of hazards, intact, and able to support dense pack pressures 
Drilling hazards (e.g., wiring, venting, fuel piping) will be located 
Blocking will be installed around: 
 All openings to inside crawl space and basement for fibrous material  High temperature fire-rated materials  Wiring and electrical hazards  Heat sources 
Access to exterior wall cavities will be gained, sheathing will be drilled as needed and probed to locate each cavity, wall studs, and blockers 
Interior will be masked and dust controlled during drilling when accessing from interior 
Electricity supply will be confirmed and will support blowing machine power demand 
Blowing machine pressure test will be performed with air on full, feed off, agitator running, and gate closed 
Hose outlet pressure will be at least 80 IWC or 2.9 psi for cellulose insulation; for other types of dense pack insulation, check manufacturer specification for blowing machine set up 
Objective(s): Prevent damage to house 
Provide a clean work space 
 
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4.1101.1b - Exterior dense pack 
 
Provide thorough access to allow 100% coverage Ensure proper equipment and process results in consistent density Prevent settling and retard air flow through cavities Protect worker and occupant health 
 
4.1101.1b - Exterior dense pack 
Desired Outcome: Walls properly prepared to receive dense pack insulation 
Specification(s): Using fill tube, 100% of each cavity will be filled to a consistent density: 
 Cellulose material will be installed to a minimum density of 3.5 pounds per cubic foot  Loose fiber glass material will be installed and will be specifically approved for air flow 
resistance per manufacturer's specifications 
The number of bags installed will be confirmed and will match the number required on the coverage chart 
Insulation density will be verified by bag count, core sampling, or infrared camera with the blower door at 50 pascals to prevent visible air movement using chemical smoke at 50 pascals of pressure difference 
Objective(s): Eliminate voids and settling 
Minimize framing cavity air flows 
 
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4.1101.2 - Exterior Wall Insulating Sheathing 
Desired Outcome: Wall cladding removed and replaced to expose wall sheathing for installation of insulating wall sheathing 
4.1101.2a - Wall cladding removal 
Desired Outcome: Wall cladding removed and replaced to expose wall sheathing for installation of insulating wall sheathing 
Specification(s): Existing cladding will be removed Lead and asbestos safety procedures will be followed 
Objective(s): Expose existing wall sheathing to prepare for installation of insulating sheathing 
4.1101.2b - Wall cladding replacement 
Desired Outcome: Wall cladding removed and replaced to expose wall sheathing for installation of insulating wall sheathing 
Specification(s): New cladding will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications and local codes after exterior wall insulation is installed 
Objective(s): Install wall cladding correctly Meet local codes 
 
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4.1102.1 - Open-Cavity Wall Insulation--General 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
4.1102.1a - Sealing 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value Specification(s): Holes and penetrations will be sealed Bypasses will be blocked and sealed Objective(s): Prevent air leakage 
 
 Before 
Penetrations and bypasses create places where blown in insulation can leak 
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 
 
 After 
Sealed penetrations offer leakage protection and keep insulation in place 
Materials: 1. Backer rod 2. Spray foam 3. Caulk 
 
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4.1102.1b - Installation 
 
Open walls to be insulated and drywalled need air sealing 
 
Penetrations and bypasses should be Use backer rod or other infill for larger sealed to keep insulation in cavities penetrations 
 
Seal penetration with caulk or fireblock, as appropriate 
4.1102.1b - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions 
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value 
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
 
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4.1102.1c - Pre-drywall verification 
 
 Before 
Open walls should be insulated 
Tools: 1. Insulation machine 2. Staple gun 
 
 After 
Well-insulated rooms are significantly more comfortable in all seasons 
Materials: 
1. Loose fillable insulation 2. Netting 3. Staples 4. Fiberglass batts 
 
Wall should be netted and insulation blow in to prescribed OR: Wall can be insulated using batts installed without 
 
r-value 
 
gaps 
 
4.1102.1c - Pre-drywall verification 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
Specification(s): Verification of complete installation without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions will be provided 
 
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Objective(s): Install insulation correctly 
 
4.1102.1d - Onsite documentation 
 
 Before 
Verify insulation is properly installed before drywalling 
Tools: 1. Hands 2. Eyes 
 
 After 
Once proper installation is verified, begin drywalling to finish wall 
 
Take a visual and physical inspection of insulation installation 
 
4.1102.1d - Onsite documentation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 
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4.1102.1d - Onsite documentation 
 
 Insulation type  Coverage area  R-value  Installed thickness and settled thickness (settled thickness required for loose-fill only)  Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications (for loose-fill only) 
Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
Best Practice 
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed 
 
Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support 
 
Documentation should include insulation material and r-value 
 
Provide occupant with copies of all documentation 
 
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4.1103.1 - Dense Pack Exterior Walls 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
 
4.1103.1a - Exterior dense pack 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Using fill tube or an alternative method as approved by the authority having jurisdiction, 100% of each cavity will be filled to a consistent density: 
 Cellulose insulation used in an enclosed cavity will be installed at 3.5 pounds per cubic foot or greater density 
 Blown fiberglass, mineral fiber, or rock and slag wool used in an enclosed cavity will be installed at or above the manufacturer recommended density to limit air flow that corresponds to an air permeance value of 3.5 cfm /sq. ft. at 50 pascals, as measured using ASTM C 522, E 283, or E 2178; the number of bags installed will be confirmed and will match the number required on the coverage chart 
 All holes and penetrations will be plugged and/or sealed 
Insulation will be verified to prevent visible air movement using chemical smoke at 50 pascals of pressure difference 
Objective(s): Eliminate voids and settling 
Minimize framing cavity air flows 
 
4.1103.1b - Onsite documentation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
 
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4.1103.1b - Onsite documentation 
 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 Coverage area  Thickness  R-value 
Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications 
Confirm amount of insulation installed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
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4.1103.2 - Additional Exterior Wall Cavities 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulation reduces heat flow through walls and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments 
4.1103.2a - Location of cavities 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulation reduces heat flow through walls and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments 
Specification(s): Details remaining in or between completed wall sections will be located and accessed 
Objective(s): Ensure the last gaps and framing edges in the thermal boundary, roof-wall joints, floor-wall joints, etc., are found and finished 
 
 Before 
 
In Progress 
 
Cavities missing insulation allow greater heat Either from inside or outside, using IR 
 
transfer than insulated ones 
 
camera to locate cavities for fill 
 
Tools: 
1. Infrared camera 2. Drill 3. Hole saw 4. Tape measure 5. Probe 
 
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4.1103.2d - Quality assurance 
 
4.1103.2b - Sealing 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulation reduces heat flow through walls and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments 
Specification(s): Backing will be provided and all newly uncovered openings will be sealed with air barriers, foam, or mastic, maintaining all required clearances 
Objective(s): Ensure the air barrier is connected across all accessible house elements 
 
 Before 
Unsealed penetrations should be sealed to ensure insulation stays in place 
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 
 
 After 
Once air barrier has been preserved by sealing, insulation can begin 
Materials: 
1. Caulk 2. Backer rod 3. Fire-block, when necessary 
 
4.1103.2d - Quality assurance 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulation reduces heat flow through walls and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments 
Specification(s): Completed wall sections will be viewed using infrared camera with blower door operating 
Any voids or low density areas will be drilled and re-packed 
 
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Objective(s): Establish air barrier and thermal boundary Confirm no voids or hidden air flows remain 
 
4.1103.2e - Close holes 
 
 Before 
Unisulated exterior wall cavities to be insulated 
Tools: 1. Infrared camera 
 
 After 
Reduced temperature difference indicating insulated wall cavities 
 
Depressurize house (if safe) to -50pa Inspect for voids and low density 
 
wrt outside 
 
areas 
 
Reduced temperature difference indicating insulated wall cavities 
 
4.1103.2e - Close holes 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulation reduces heat flow through walls and framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments 
Specification(s): 
 
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4.1103.2e - Close holes 
 
Installation holes will be plugged as follows: 
 Exterior holes will be weather barrier patched  Interior holes will be coated and patched to match original interior surface 
All construction debris and dust will be collected and removed 
Objective(s): Ensure house is returned to watertight and clean condition 
 
In Progress 
With insulation complete, wall needs to be patched to better-than-found 
Tools: 1. Taping knife 2. Caulk gun 3. Drill 4. Paint brush 
 
 After 
When repair is finished, it shouldn't be obvious any work was done 
Materials: 
1. Spackle 2. House wrap 3. Lath 4. Stucco 5. Fasteners 6. Adhesive 7. Primer 8. Drywall 9. XPS 
 
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4.1103.2e - Close holes 
 
For interior access, locate access holes at studs for easier patching 
 
Once drywall patches are spackled, For exterior access, use a drop cloth 
 
prime and paint. 
 
or gutter to help with clean up 
 
Plug holes with rigid material that will For stucco and plaster patches, lath If possible, maintain house wrap, or 
 
not move or sag over time 
 
will need to be used to hold weight replace it after holes are plugged 
 
Put siding back in place, or return exterior finish to match remaining wall 
 
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4.1103.3 - Insulated Sheathing and Insulated Siding Installation 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulated wall sheathing and insulated siding 
4.1103.3a - Sealing 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulated wall sheathing and insulated siding 
Specification(s): Holes, gaps, and penetrations in existing sheathing will be sealed 
Objective(s): Prevent air leaks 
 
4.1103.3b - Location of wall framing 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulated wall sheathing and insulated siding 
Specification(s): Wall studs and other framing will be located and marked 
Objective(s): Provide secure attachment of insulating sheathing 
 
4.1103.3c - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulated wall sheathing and insulated siding 
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions 
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value 
 
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4.1103.3d - Occupant education 
 
Objective(s): Install insulation properly 
 
4.1103.3d - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Properly installed insulated wall sheathing and insulated siding 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 Coverage area 
 Thickness 
 R-value Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications 
Confirm amount of insulation installed 
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
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4.1301.1 - Standard Floor System--Batt Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
4.1301.1a - Sealing 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly Specification(s): Sealing the floor system will be completed before insulating Objective(s): Ensure airtight envelope Prevent leakage 
 
 Before 
Gaps around penetrations can cause air leakage and negate insulation 
 
 After 
Sealed penetrations maintain the air barrier 
 
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Caulk 2. Backer rod 3. Spray foam 
 
Be alert to high-temperature flues and chimneys and use appropriate sealants and materials. See 3.1402.1c. 
 
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4.1301.1b - Installation 
 
Locate gaps around penetrations for plumbing, electrical, etc. 
 
Fill gaps greater than 1/4 inch with backer rod or spray foam 
 
Caulk smaller gaps and to hold backer rod in place 
 
4.1301.1b - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed in contact with subfloor without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions 
If kraft-faced batts are used, they will be installed with kraft facing to subfloor 
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value 
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
 
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4.1301.1c - Securing batts 
 
 Before 
Uninsulated floors above unconditioned spaces are an energy drain 
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Tape measure 
 
 After 
Batts should fill most of joist bay and be in full contact with subfloor 
Materials: 1. Kraft-faced fiberglass batts to work order specifications 
 
Order and install insulation as called for in Work Order 
 
If precise r-value cannot be purchased, choose option with greater r-value 
 
Install kraft-faced batts with paper against subfloor 
 
Ensure batts are in full contact with subfloor and remain uncompressed 
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4.1301.1d - Occupant education 
 
4.1301.1c - Securing batts 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Batts will be secured with physical fasteners 
Objective(s): Ensure insulation remains in contact with subfloor 
 
 Before 
Fiberglass batts should not be hanging away from subfloor 
 
 After 
"Lightning rods" or twine can be used to hold batts in contact 
 
Tools: 
1. Utility knife 2. Drill 3. Staple gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Lightning rods 2. Twine 3. Fasteners 
 
Batt should be in contact with subfloor without being compressed 
 
Twine fastened across bays in a zig-zag pattern can also be used 
 
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4.1301.1d - Occupant education 
 
4.1301.1d - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 Coverage area 
 Thickness 
 R-value Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications 
Confirm amount of insulation installed 
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
Best Practice 
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed 
 
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4.1301.1d - Occupant education 
 
Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support 
 
Documentation should include insulation material and r-value 
 
Provide occupant with copies of all documentation 
 
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4.1301.2 - Standard Floor System--Loose Fill with Netting 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
4.1301.2a - Sealing 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly Specification(s): Sealing the floor system will be completed before insulating Objective(s): Ensure airtight envelope Prevent leakage 
 
 Before 
Gaps around penetrations can cause air leakage and negate insulation 
 
 After 
Sealed penetrations maintain the air barrier 
 
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Caulk 2. Backer rod 3. Spray foam 
 
Be alert to high-temperature flues and chimneys and use appropriate sealants and materials. See 3.1402.1c. 
 
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4.1301.2b - Netting, fabric 
 
Locate gaps around penetrations for plumbing, electrical, etc. 
 
Fill gaps greater than 1/4 inch with backer rod or spray foam 
 
Caulk smaller gaps and to hold backer rod in place 
 
4.1301.2b - Netting, fabric 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): When using netting or fabric, staples will be placed according to manufacturer specifications 
Netting or fabric will meet local fire codes 
Objective(s): Secure insulation 
 
 Before 
Uninsulated floors above unconditioned spaces are an energy drain 
 
In Progress 
Netting is secured to joists and sills to create cavities for insulation 
 
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Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Scissors 3. Stapler 
 
Materials: 
1. Fabric netting 2. Staples 
 
4.1301.2c - Installation 
 
1 
Secure netting across each joist to create separate cavities 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Secure netting across sills to prevent Keep netting taut while stapling to 
 
leakage of insulation 
 
prevent wrinkles and leakage 
 
4 
Staples should be kept tightly together, placed no more than 1 1/2" apart 
 
4.1301.2c - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Insulation in netted or fabric cavities will be dense packed with loose fill insulation in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value 
 
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4.1301.2c - Installation 
 
Insulation will be in continuous contact with air barrier 
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
Ensure a continuous thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space 
 
In Progress 
With netting in place, insulation can begin 
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Insulation machine 
 
 After 
Cavities filled to manufacturer specs to achieve prescribed r-value 
Materials: 1. Loose fill fiberglass or cellulose 
 
1 
Order and install insulation based on specifications in work order 
 
2 
Always wear proper PPE when blowing in insulation 
 
3 
Cut holes in each individual cavity to insert insulation machine nozzle 
 
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4.1301.2d - Occupant education 
 
4 
Ensure that hole is large enough for nozzle without allowing for outflow 
 
5 
Consult manufacturer specs on insulation packaging for proper installation 
 
6 
Blow in insulation to prescribed r-value 
 
4.1301.2d - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 Insulation type 
 Coverage area 
 R-value 
 Installed thickness and minimum settled thickness 
 Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications 
Confirm amount of insulation installed 
Ensure ability to match bags required for total area completed 
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
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4.1301.2d - Occupant education 
 
Best Practice 
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed 
 
Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support 
 
Documentation should include insulation material and r-value 
 
Provide occupant with copies of all documentation 
 
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4.1301.3 - Standard Floor System--Loose Fill with Rigid Barrier 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
4.1301.3a - Sealing 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Sealing the floor system will be completed before insulating 
Objective(s): Ensure airtight envelope Prevent leakage 
 
 Before 
Gaps around penetrations cause air leakage and negate insulation 
 
 After 
Sealed penetrations maintain the air barrier 
 
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Backer rod 2. Caulk 3. Spray foam 
 
Be alert to high-temperature flues and chimneys and use appropriate sealants and materials. See 3.1402.1c. 
 
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4.1301.3b - Rigid air barrier 
 
Locate gaps around penetrations for plumbing, electrical, etc. 
 
Fill gaps greater than 1/4 inch with backer rod or spray foam 
 
Caulk smaller gaps and to hold backer rod in place 
 
4.1301.3b - Rigid air barrier 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): A rigid air barrier will be mechanically fastened to underside of floor assembly, providing 100% coverage of the floor assembly 
Seams and penetrations will be sealed 
Objective(s): Relocate air barrier 
 
 Before 
Uninsulated floors over unconditioned spaces are an energy drain 
 
 After 
Rigid barriers provide air sealing and create cavities for insulation 
 
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Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Drill 4. Caulk gun 
 
4.1301.3c - Installation 
Materials: 1. Rigid material - drywall, XPS, plywood 2. Fasteners 3. Caulk 
 
Attach barrier to joists using appropriate fasteners for chosen material 
 
When possible, align seams with joist. Pay particular attention to sealing at 
 
Seal all seams with caulk 
 
complex joints to prevent leakage 
 
Remember to seal along sills as well 
 
4.1301.3c - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Loose fill insulation will be installed between air barrier and subfloor according to manufacturer specifications 
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value 
 
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Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
 
4.1301.3c - Installation 
 
 Before 
Once rigid barrier is sealed, insulation can be blown in 
Tools: 1. Insulation machine 2. Caulk gun 
 
 After 
Materials: 1. Loose fill insulation 2. Caulk 
 
Make sure to wear proper PPE when Purchase and install loose fill to r- 
 
working with insulation 
 
value specified on Work Order 
 
Check manufacturer specifications for proper density to reach r-value 
 
Drill hole slightly larger than hose in Loose fill cavities created by rigid 
 
Once filled to prescribed density, 
 
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rigid barrier 
 
barrier 
 
4.1301.3d - Occupant education prepare plug to preserve rigid barrier 
 
Plug should be sealed in place to prevent leakage 
4.1301.3d - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 Insulation type 
 Coverage area 
 R-value 
 Installed thickness and minimum settled thickness 
 Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications 
Confirm amount of insulation installed 
Ensure ability to match bags required for total area completed 
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
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4.1301.3d - Occupant education 
 
Best Practice 
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed 
 
Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support 
 
Documentation should include insulation material and r-value 
 
Provide occupant with copies of all documentation 
 
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4.1301.4 - Dense Pack Floor System with Rigid Barrier 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
4.1301.4a - Sealing 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly Specification(s): Sealing the floor system will be completed before insulating Objective(s): Ensure airtight envelope Prevent leakage 
 
 Before 
Gaps around penetrations can cause air leakage and negate insulation 
 
 After 
Sealed penetrations maintain the air barrier 
 
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Caulk 2. Backer rod 3. Spray foam 
 
Be alert to high-temperature flues and chimneys and use appropriate sealands and materials. See 3.1402.1c. 
 
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4.1301.4b - Rigid air barrier 
 
Locate gaps around penetrations for plumbing, electrical, etc. 
 
Fill gaps greater than 1/4 inch with backer rod or spray foam 
 
Caulk small gaps and to hold backer rod in place 
 
4.1301.4b - Rigid air barrier 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): A rigid air barrier will be mechanically fastened to underside of floor assembly, providing 100% coverage of the floor assembly 
Seams and penetrations will be sealed 
Objective(s): Relocate air barrier 
 
 Before 
Uninsulated floors over unconditioned spaces are an energy drain 
 
 After 
Rigid barriers allow for air sealing and create cavities for insulation 
 
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Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Drill 4. Tape measure 5. Caulk gun 
 
4.1301.4c - Installation 
Materials: 1. Rigid material -- drywall, XPS, plywood 2. Fasteners 3. Caulk 
 
Securely fasten rigid barrier, aligning Seal all seams with caulk to prevent Pay particular attention at complex 
 
seams with joist when possible 
 
leakage 
 
joints 
 
Remember to caulk along sills 
 
4.1301.4c - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Dense pack insulation will be installed between air barrier and subfloor according to manufacturer specifications 
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value 
 
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Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
 
4.1301.4c - Installation 
 
 Before 
 
 After 
 
Once rigid barrier is sealed, insulation can be Rigid barrier should be resealed to maintain 
 
blown in 
 
air barrier after filling 
 
Tools: 
1. Insulation machine 2. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Dense packable insulation 2. Caulk 
 
Ensure that proper PPE is worn while Fill cavities to specified r-value from Check manufacturer specifications for 
 
working with insulation 
 
Work Order 
 
r-value before filling 
 
Drill hole slightly larger than nozzle 
 
Dense pack insulation into floor 
 
When filled to specified density and r- 
 
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into rigid barrier with hole saw 
 
cavities 
 
4.1301.4d - Occupant education value, fill access hole 
 
Plug access hole and seal to maintain air barrier 
4.1301.4d - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 Coverage area 
 Thickness 
 R-value Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications 
Confirm amount of insulation installed 
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
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4.1301.4d - Occupant education 
 
Best Practice 
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed 
 
Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support 
 
Documentation should include insulation material and r-value 
 
Provide occupant with copies of all documentation 
 
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4.1301.5 - Cantilevered Floor--Batt Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
4.1301.5a - Air barrier 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly Specification(s): Air barrier will be installed between joists and sealed Air barrier will be placed to the most interior edge of the top plate of the wall below Objective(s): Separate cantilevered floor from conditioned floor space Allow for insulation 
 
 Before 
Cavities are open allowing unconditioned air to communicate within the space between floors. 
 
 After 
Cavity as been blocked, sealed, and insulated. 
 
Tools: 
1. tape measure 2. utility knife 3. flashlight 
 
Materials: 
1. rigid air barrier 2. sealant 
 
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4.1301.5b - Installation 
 
Refer to 2012 IECC with Georgia State Supplements and Amendments. Local codes may be more stringent than the statewide code. 
 
1 
Measure cavity to determine size necessary for blocking. 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Measure and cut blocking to fit snugly Ensure the blocking is placed to the 
 
between floor joists. 
 
most interior edge of the top plate of 
 
the wall below. 
 
4 
 
5 
 
Air seal blocking around its perimeter Cut batt insulation to match the size 
 
edges with foam or caulk. 
 
of the blocking. 
 
4.1301.5b - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Air barrier will be insulated between joist from top plate of the wall below to subfloor above 
Cantilevered subfloor will be insulated in complete contact with the floor without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions 
If kraft-faced batts are used, they will be installed with kraft facing to the air barrier 
 
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Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
 
4.1301.5c - Attachment 
 
 Before 
 
 After 
 
Cavities are open and subfloor of conditioned Batt insulation is installed to either fill the 
 
space above is uninsulated. 
 
cavity or be properly supported to maintain 
 
contact with the subfloor. 
 
Tools: 
1. drill 2. nail gun 3. claw hammer 
 
Materials: 
1. batt insulation - kraft-faced or unfaced 2. insulation supports 
 
Refer to 2012 IECC with Georgia State Supplements and Amendments. Local codes may be more stringent than the statewide code. 
 
Block and air seal all joist cavities in cantilevered floors above and in line with the supporting wall. 
 
4.1301.5c - Attachment 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Batts will be secured with physical fasteners 
Objective(s): Ensure insulation remains in contact with subfloor and air barrier 
 
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4.1301.5c - Attachment 
 
 Before 
Sagging, unsupported floor insulation is not in contact with the subfloor 
 
 After 
Fiberglass floor insulation properly installed with wire supports 
 
Tools: 
1. Wire cutters 2. Stapler 3. Cordless driver/drill 4. Utility knife 
 
Materials: 
1. Wire insulation supports 2. (optional) 1 X 2 furring strips or insulation support netting 3. Staples 
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b47hH7HByts 
 
4.1301.5c - Attachment 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Batts will be secured with physical fasteners 
Objective(s): Ensure insulation remains in contact with subfloor and air barrier 
 
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4.1301.5d - Exterior soffit 
 
 Before 
Insulation should be secured to prevent drooping or movement 
Tools: 
1. Utility knife 2. Drill 3. Staple gun 
 
 After 
"Lightning rods" or twine should keep full contact with the subfloor 
Materials: 
1. Lightning rods 2. Twine 3. Fasteners 
 
Batts should have full contact with subfloor without being Twine fastened across bays in a zig-zag pattern can also 
 
compressed 
 
be used 
 
4.1301.5d - Exterior soffit 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Exterior soffit material will be installed and sealed 
Objective(s): 
 
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Cover and protect insulation 
 
4.1301.5e - Occupant education 
 
 Before 
Cavities have been insulated but are still exposed. 
Tools: 1. hammer 2. drill 3. nail gun 4. mechanical fasteners 
 
 After 
After all accessible cavities have been air sealed and insulated, replace sheathing and siding to cover insulation. 
Materials: 
1. OSB/Plywood(where existing) 2. Vinyl Soffit(where existing) 
 
1 
 
2 
 
Seal off floor cavities using previously removed materials, Re-install any materials that were removed, such as OSB, 
 
in this case OSB and vinyl soffit. 
 
J-channels, and vinyl soffit. 
 
4.1301.5e - Occupant education 
 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 
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 Coverage area  Thickness  R-value 
Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
4.1301.5e - Occupant education 
 
Best Practice 
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed 
 
Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support 
 
Documentation should include insulation material and r-value 
 
Provide occupant with copies of all documentation 
 
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4.1301.6 - Pier Construction Subfloor Insulation--Batt Installation with Rigid Barrier 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
4.1301.6a - Subfloor preparation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Sealing between house and crawl space will be completed before insulating 
Objective(s): Ensure airtight envelope Prevent leakage 
 
 Before 
Gaps around penetrations can cause air leakage and negate insulation 
 
 After 
Sealed penetrations maintain the air barrier 
 
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Caulk 2. Backer rod 3. Spray foam 
 
Be alert to high-temperature flues and chimneys and use appropriate sealants and materials. See 3.1402.1c. 
 
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4.1301.6b - Installation 
 
Locate gaps around penetrations for plumbing, electrical, etc. 
 
Fill gaps greater than 1/4 inch with backer rod or spray foam 
 
Caulk smaller gaps and to hold backer rod in place 
 
4.1301.6b - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Insulation will be installed in contact with subfloor without gaps, voids, compressions, misalignments, or wind intrusions 
If kraft-faced batts are used, they will be installed with kraft facing to subfloor 
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value 
Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
 
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4.1301.6b - Installation 
 
 Before 
Uninsulated floors above unconditioned spaces are an energy drain 
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Drill 
 
 After 
Batts should fill most of joist bay and be in full contact with subfloor 
Materials: 
1. Kraft-faced fiberglass batts to work order specifications 2. Rigid barrier -- drywall, plywood, XPS 3. Fasteners 
 
Order and install insulation as called for in Work Order 
 
If precise r-value cannot be purchased, choose option with greater r-value 
 
Install kraft-faced batts with paper against subfloor 
 
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Ensure batts are in full contact with subfloor and remain uncompressed 
 
4.1301.6c - Secure batts 
 
4.1301.6c - Secure batts 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Batts will be secured with physical fasteners 
Objective(s): Ensure insulation remains in contact with subfloor 
 
 Before 
Batts should not hang away from subfloor 
Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Drill 3. Staple gun 
 
 After 
"Lightning rods" or twine should be used to maintain contact 
Materials: 
1. Lightning rods 2. Twine 3. Fasteners 
 
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4.1301.6d - Rigid air barrier 
 
Batts should be in full contact with subfloor without being Twine fastened across bays in a zig-zag pattern can also 
 
compressed 
 
be used 
 
4.1301.6d - Rigid air barrier 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): A rigid air barrier will be mechanically fastened to underside of floor assembly 
Seams and penetrations will be sealed 
Objective(s): Protect insulation 
 
 Before 
Unfaced fiberglass batts can be attractive housing for pests 
 
 After 
Rigid barrier allows for air sealing and protects batt insulation 
 
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Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Drill 4. Tape measure 5. Caulk gun 
 
4.1301.6e - Occupant education 
Materials: 1. Rigid material - drywall, XPS, plywood 2. Caulk 3. Fasteners 
 
Fasten rigid barrier, aligning seams with joists when possible 
 
Seal all seams with caulk to prevent Pay particular attention to complex 
 
leakage 
 
joints 
 
Remember to seal along sills 
 
4.1301.6e - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 Coverage area 
 
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 Thickness  R-value 
Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
4.1301.6e - Occupant education 
 
Best Practice 
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed 
 
Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support 
 
Documentation should include insulation material and r-value 
 
Provide occupant with copies of all documentation 
 
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4.1301.7 - Pier Construction Subfloor Insulation--Loose Fill with Rigid Barrier 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
4.1301.7a - Subfloor preparation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Sealing between house and crawl space will be completed before insulating 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage 
 
 Before 
Gaps around penetrations can cause air leakage and negate insulation 
 
 After 
Sealed penetrations maintain the air barrier 
 
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Caulk 2. Backer rod 3. Spray foam 
 
Be alert to high-temperature flues and chimneys and use appropriate sealants and materials. See 3.1402.1c. 
 
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4.1301.7b - Rigid air barrier 
 
Locate gaps around penetrations for plumbing, electrical, etc. 
 
Fill gaps greater than 1/4 inch with backer rod or spray foam 
 
Caulk smaller gaps and to hold backer rod in place 
 
4.1301.7b - Rigid air barrier 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): A rigid air barrier will be mechanically fastened to underside of floor assembly, providing 100% coverage of the floor assembly 
Seams and penetrations will be sealed 
Objective(s): Relocate air barrier 
 
 Before 
Uninsulated floors over unconditioned spaces are an energy drain 
 
 After 
Rigid barriers allow for air sealing while creating cavities for insulation 
 
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Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Drill 4. Tape measure 5. Caulk gun 
 
4.1301.7c - Installation 
Materials: 1. Rigid material - drywall, XPS, plywood 2. Fasteners 3. Caulk 
 
Fasten rigid barrier, aligning seams with joists when possible 
 
Seal all seams to prevent leakage 
 
Pay particular attention to complex joints 
 
Remember to caulk along sills 
 
4.1301.7c - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Loose fill insulation will be installed between air barrier and subfloor according to manufacturer specifications 
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value 
 
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Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
 
4.1301.7c - Installation 
 
 Before 
 
 After 
 
Once rigid barrier has been sealed, insulation After insulating, restore rigid barrier to 
 
can be blown in 
 
prevent leakage 
 
Tools: 
1. Insulation machine 2. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Loose fill insulation 2. Caulk 
 
Always wear proper PPE when working with insulation 
 
Purchase and install insulation to rvalue specified on Work Order 
 
Check manufacturer specs to ensure proper installation and density 
 
Drill hole in rigid barrier slightly larger Fill cavities formed by rigid barrier 
 
Once cavities have been filled to 
 
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than insulation hose 
 
with loose fill insulation 
 
4.1301.7d - Occupant education specified r-value, prepare plug 
 
Seal rigid barrier to prevent leakage 
4.1301.7d - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes:  Insulation type  Coverage area  R-value  Installed thickness and minimum settled thickness  Number of bags installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications Confirm amount of insulation installed Ensure ability to match bags required for total area completed Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
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4.1301.7d - Occupant education 
 
Best Practice 
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed 
 
Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support 
 
Documentation should include insulation material and r-value 
 
Provide occupant with copies of all documentation 
 
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4.1301.8 - Pier Construction Subfloor Installation--Dense Pack with Rigid Barrier 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
4.1301.8a - Subfloor preparation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Sealing between house and crawl space will be completed before insulating 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage 
 
 Before 
Gaps around penetrations can cause air leakage and negate insulation 
 
 After 
Sealed penetrations maintain the air barrier 
 
Tools: 1. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Caulk 2. Backer rod 3. Spray foam 
 
Be alert to high-temperature flues and chimneys and use appropriate sealants and materials. See 3.1402.1c. 
 
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4.1301.8b - Rigid air barrier 
 
Locate gaps around penetrations for plumbing, electrical, etc. 
 
Fill gaps greater than 1/4 inch with backer rod or spray foam 
 
Caulk smaller gaps and to hold backer rod in place 
 
4.1301.8b - Rigid air barrier 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): A rigid air barrier will be mechanically fastened to underside of floor assembly, providing 100% coverage of the floor assembly 
Seams and penetrations will be sealed 
Objective(s): Relocate air barrier 
 
 Before 
Uninsulated floors over unconditioned spaces are an energy drain 
 
 After 
Rigid barriers allow for air sealing while creating cavities for insulation 
 
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Tools: 1. Utility knife 2. Saw 3. Drill 4. Tape measure 5. Caulk gun 
 
4.1301.8c - Installation 
Materials: 1. Rigid material - drywall, XPS, plywood 2. Fasteners 3. Caulk 
 
Fasten rigid barrier, aligning seams with joists when possible 
 
Seal all seams with caulk to prevent Pay particular attention to complex 
 
leakage 
 
seams 
 
Remember to seal along sills 
 
4.1301.8c - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): Dense pack insulation will be installed between air barrier and subfloor according to manufacturer specifications 
Insulation will be installed to prescribed R-value 
 
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Objective(s): Insulate to prescribed R-value 
 
4.1301.8c - Installation 
 
 Before 
 
 After 
 
Once rigid barrier has been sealed, insulation Rigid barrier should be sealed after insulating 
 
can be blown in 
 
to maintain air barrier 
 
Tools: 
1. Insulation machine 2. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Dense packable insulation 2. Caulk 
 
Make sure to wear proper PPE when Purchase and install insulation as per Check manufacturer specifications to 
 
working with insulation 
 
Work Order 
 
install properly 
 
Drill hole in rigid barrier slightly larger Blown in insulation to density and r- Once cavity is filled, prepare plug to 
 
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value specified by work order 
 
4.1301.8d - Occupant education reseal rigid barrier 
 
Securely seal plug into rigid barrier to prevent leakage 
4.1301.8d - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space to prescribed Rvalue of an adjoining insulated assembly 
Specification(s): A dated receipt signed by the installer will be provided that includes: 
 Coverage area 
 Thickness 
 R-value Objective(s): Document job completion to contract specifications 
Confirm amount of insulation installed 
Comply with 16 CFR 460.17 
 
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4.1301.8d - Occupant education 
 
Best Practice 
Provide occupant with documentation of and about insulation installed 
 
Communicate professionally with occupant to provide information and support 
 
Documentation should include insulation material and r-value 
 
Provide occupant with copies of all documentation 
 
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4.1601.1 - Insulating Flex Ducts 
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier 
4.1601.1a - Removal of existing flexible ducting 
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier 
Specification(s): All accessible low R-value flexible ducting will be removed from premises 
Objective(s): Ensure installation of proper R-value ducts 
 
4.1601.1b - Selection of new flexible ducting 
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier 
Specification(s): All flexible ducting will have a minimum of R-8 
Objective(s): Minimize thermal conductance of the duct system 
 
4.1601.1c - Sizing of new flex 
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier 
Specification(s): Duct sizing procedures will be conducted when replacing flex duct 
Objective(s): Improve comfort in rooms 
 
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4.1601.1d - Installation of flex 
 
4.1601.1d - Installation of flex 
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier 
Specification(s): Flexible ducts will be supported in accordance with flex duct manufacturer's directions or local codes 
Objective(s): Prevent sags, drops, or other bends that may interfere with correct air flow 
 
4.1601.1e - Interior liner attachment 
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier 
Specification(s): Interior liner of the flex-to-metal connection will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool or a mechanical band 
Objective(s): Create a strong, secure attachment 
 
4.1601.1f - Sealing of interior liner 
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier 
Specification(s): Systems used to seal flexible air ducts and flexible air connectors will comply with UL 181B and will be marked "181 B-FX" for pressure- sensitive tape or "181 B-M" for mastic 
Objective(s): Create an airtight connection 
 
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4.1601.1h - Sealing of all accessible ducts 
 
4.1601.1g - Attachment of exterior liner 
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier 
Specification(s): Liner will be pulled up onto the metal duct as far as possible before securing 
The exterior liner of the flex duct will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool 
Objective(s): Create a strong, durable attachment 
 
4.1601.1h - Sealing of all accessible ducts 
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier 
Specification(s): All accessible joints, seams, and connections in ductwork will be securely fastened and sealed with UL "181 B-M" compliant mastic (adhesives) or mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems 
Objective(s): Minimize duct leakage 
 
4.1601.1i - Insulation of all fittings 
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier 
Specification(s): All metal fittings including boots, elbows, and take-offs will be insulated separately using an R-11 duct wrap with vapor retarder 
Objective(s): Minimize thermal conductance of the duct system 
 
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4.1601.1j - Completeness of vapor barrier 
 
4.1601.1j - Completeness of vapor barrier 
Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased condensation on duct vapor barrier 
Specification(s): Vapor retarder of all duct insulation will be taped to the flex duct using tape that complies with UL 181B and will be marked "181 B-FX" for pressure-sensitive tape or "181 B-M" for mastic 
Objective(s): Ensure a complete vapor barrier 
 
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4.1601.2 - Insulating Metal Ducts 
Desired Outcome: Lowered thermal conductance of duct system and minimized condensation on the duct system 
4.1601.2a - Selection of duct insulation material 
Desired Outcome: Lowered thermal conductance of duct system and minimized condensation on the duct system Specification(s): Duct insulation on all ducts located in unconditioned spaces will be a minimum of R-8, in accordance with local code, or buried under attic insulation, whichever is greater, and have an attached vapor retarder Hot humid and warm coastal regions will not bury ducts Objective(s): Decrease heat loss and condensation problems 
 
 Before 
Uninsulated ducts in unconditioned spaces are an energy drain 
 
 After 
Properly insulated ducts operate at much higher rates of efficiency 
 
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4.1601.2b - Duct sealing 
 
Ducts in unconditioned areas should OR ducts can be buried in loose fill in Burying ducts is discouraged in warm 
 
have r-8 insulation with vapor barrier attic spaces in drier climates 
 
coastal and hot humid regions 
 
4.1601.2b - Duct sealing 
Desired Outcome: Lowered thermal conductance of duct system and minimized condensation on the duct system 
Specification(s): All joints, seams, and connections in ductwork shall be securely fastened and sealed with UL 181 BM mastics (adhesives) or mastic- plus-embedded-fabric systems installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions before insulation is applied 
Objective(s): Minimize duct leakage 
 
 Before 
Unsealed joints and connections need to be sealed to prevent health risks 
 
 After 
Sealed ductwork connections help prevent leakage 
 
Tools: 1. Putty knife 
 
Materials: 
1. Mesh tape 2. Mastic 
 
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4.1601.2c - Attachment of duct insulation 
 
1 
Prepare work area by assessing any safety concerns 
 
2 
Wrap joint with fiberglass mesh tape 
 
3 
Apply UL 181 mastic to seal joint 
 
4.1601.2c - Attachment of duct insulation 
Desired Outcome: Lowered thermal conductance of duct system and minimized condensation on the duct system 
Specification(s): Duct insulation will be secured to the duct system using metal wire or rot-proof nylon twine 
Pattern of the wire or twine will be sufficient to securely hold the duct insulation tight to the duct 
Objective(s): Ensure a secure connection between the duct system and the duct insulation 
 
 Before 
Materials holding insulation in place should not compress or kink duct 
 
 After 
Durable materials can be attached without compressing insulation 
 
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4.1601.2d - Taping of the duct insulation 
 
Tools: 
1. Scissors 2. Metal snips 
 
Materials: 
1. Nylon twine 2. Wire 3. Tie bands 
 
4.1601.2d - Taping of the duct insulation 
Desired Outcome: Lowered thermal conductance of duct system and minimized condensation on the duct system 
Specification(s): Using a tape approved by the manufacturer, all seams and connection of the duct insulation will be taped 
No gaps will exist between pieces of duct insulation 
Objective(s): Prevent gaps in the vapor barrier of the insulation 
 
 Before 
Unsecured and sealed insulation around ducts is useless 
Tools: 1. Utility knife 
 
 After 
All seams should be sealed with UL-181 duct tape to preserve vapor barrier 
Materials: 1. UL-181 tape 2. R-8 duct insulation with vapor barrier 
 
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 Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > Design 
 
5.3001.1 - Load Calculation and Equipment Selection 
Desired Outcome: Equipment sized properly and operates efficiently 
5.3001.1a - Load calculation 
Desired Outcome: Equipment sized properly and operates efficiently 
Specification(s): Load calculation will be performed in accordance with ANSI/ACCA 2 Manual J (Residential Load Calculation) and manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Properly size equipment for load 
 
5.3001.1b - Equipment selection 
Desired Outcome: Equipment sized properly and operates efficiently 
Specification(s): Equipment selection will be performed in accordance with ANSI/ACCA Manual S and manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment is able to heat, cool, and dehumidify the house 
 
5.3001.1c - Air filtration 
Desired Outcome: Equipment sized properly and operates efficiently 
Specification(s): New central forced air HVAC systems will have minimum MERV 6 filtration with no air bypass around the filters 
 
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Objective(s): Particle removal to protect equipment and help maintain indoor air quality 
 
5.3001.1c - Air filtration 
 
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5.3001.2 - Ductwork and Termination Design 
Desired Outcome: Efficient air flow to all rooms ensured by proper ductwork 
5.3001.2a - Duct design 
Desired Outcome: Efficient air flow to all rooms ensured by proper ductwork 
Specification(s): Duct design will be performed in accordance with ANSI/ACCA Manual D and manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Maximize air flow 
 
5.3001.2b - Termination design 
Desired Outcome: Efficient air flow to all rooms ensured by proper ductwork 
Specification(s): Termination design will be performed in accordance with ANSI/ACCA Manual T and manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Maximize air flow 
Ensure occupant comfort 
 
5.3001.2c - Air filtration 
 
Desired Outcome: Efficient air flow to all rooms ensured by proper ductwork 
 
Specification(s): New central forced air HVAC systems will have minimum MERV 6 filtration with no air bypass 
 
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around the filters Objective(s): Particle removal to protect equipment and help maintain indoor air quality 
 
5.3001.2c - Air filtration 
 
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 Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > Site Preparation 
 
5.3002.1 - Preparation for New Equipment 
Desired Outcome: Existing equipment removed safely and lawfully 
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
5.3002.1a - Access 
Desired Outcome: Existing equipment removed safely and lawfully 
Specification(s): A code compliant walkway and service platform will be installed in attics, if not present 
Walkway and platform will be above the level of insulation (if practical) 
Objective(s): Ensure new equipment can be installed and serviced 
Maintain adequate insulation level 
 
5.3002.1b - Utility disconnect 
Desired Outcome: Existing equipment removed safely and lawfully 
Specification(s): Electricity and fuel will be turned off prior to starting removal of old appliance 
Objective(s): Protect workers and occupants from injury 
 
5.3002.1c - Refrigerant recovery 
Desired Outcome: Existing equipment removed safely and lawfully 
 
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5.3002.1d - Equipment disconnection 
 
Specification(s): Refrigerant will be recovered in accordance with 40 CFR 608 (EPA) by a licensed contractor 
Objective(s): Comply with Safe Handling of Refrigerant Law 
Protect workers and occupants from injury 
 
5.3002.1d - Equipment disconnection 
Desired Outcome: Existing equipment removed safely and lawfully 
Specification(s): Refrigerant lines, plumbing, ducts, electric, control wires, vents, and fuel supply will be disconnected 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment can be removed 
 
5.3002.1e - Removal 
Desired Outcome: Existing equipment removed safely and lawfully 
Specification(s): Equipment will be removed (e.g., furnace, air handler, evaporator, condensing unit) 
Equipment will be removed from space without damaging property and disturbing or compressing the insulation 
Equipment will be disposed of in accordance with local laws and regulations, recycling materials when feasible 
Objective(s): Provide room to install new equipment and work safely 
Comply with applicable disposal laws 
 
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5.3003.1 - Data Plate Verification 
Desired Outcome: Data for commissioning and future service work is recorded 
5.3003.1a - Data plate verification 
Desired Outcome: Data for commissioning and future service work is recorded Specification(s): Equipment will be visually inspected Information will be recorded from the equipment data plates indoors and outdoors where available Objective(s): Ensure technician has equipment data necessary for commissioning and future service work 
 
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5.3003.3 - Evaluating Air Flow 
Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested 
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
5.3003.3a - Total air flow 
Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested 
Specification(s): Total system air flow will be measured by one of the following methods: 
 Temperature rise  Flow plate  Fan depressurization device (e.g., Duct Blaster, DucTester) 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment: 
 Operates as designed  Operates efficiently  Provides comfort  Operates safely  Is durable 
 
5.3003.3b - External static pressure 
 
Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested 
 
Specification(s): External static pressure will be in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment: 
 
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 Operates as designed  Operates efficiently  Provides comfort  Operates safely  Is durable 
 
5.3003.3c - Pressure 
 
5.3003.3c - Pressure 
Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested 
Specification(s): Pressure drop across cooling coils will be in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment: 
 Operates as designed  Operates efficiently  Provides comfort  Operates safely  Is durable 
 
5.3003.3d - Filter Inspection 
Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested 
Specification(s): Visual inspection to verify filter type is per manufacturer specifications, and is clean 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment: 
 Operates as designed  Operates efficiently  Provides comfort  Operates safely  Is durable 
 
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5.3003.3e - Balancing room flow: new ductwork 
 
5.3003.3e - Balancing room flow: new ductwork 
Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested 
Specification(s): Proper air flow delivery to each room will be ensured by one of the following: 
Measuring air flow at each register 
OR 
Measuring heat rise, room pressures, and interviewing residents to ensure their comfort. 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment: 
 Operates as designed  Operates efficiently  Provides comfort  Operates safely  Is durable 
 
5.3003.3f - Supply and return temperature measurements 
 
Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested 
 
Specification(s): Supply and return wet bulb (wet bulb temperature is measured for cooling systems only) and dry bulb air temperatures will be recorded 
 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment: 
 
 Operates as designed  Operates efficiently  Provides comfort  Operates safely  Is durable 
 
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5.3003.3h - Temperature rise: gas and oil furnaces only 
 
5.3003.3h - Temperature rise: gas and oil furnaces only 
Desired Outcome: Air flow is properly tested 
Specification(s): Temperature rise between the supply and return will be in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment: 
 Operates as designed  Operates efficiently  Provides comfort  Operates safely  Is durable 
 
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5.3003.4 - Evaluating Electrical Service 
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested 
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
5.3003.4a - Polarity 
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested 
Specification(s): Polarity of equipment will be correct 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment operates as designed 
Ensure equipment operates safely 
 
5.3003.4b - Voltage/amperage: incoming power 
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested 
Specification(s): Voltage/amperage will be in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment operates as designed 
 
5.3003.4c - Voltage: contactor 
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested 
Specification(s): 
 
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5.3003.4d - Grounding 
 
In accordance with manufacturer specifications, voltage drop will be within acceptable range 
Objective(s): Ensure contactor does not overheat 
Ensure equipment operates as designed 
 
5.3003.4d - Grounding 
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested 
Specification(s): Grounding must conform to meet NFPA 70 National Electric Code 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment operates as designed 
Ensure equipment operates safely 
 
5.3003.4e - Blower amperage 
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested 
Specification(s): Amperage will not exceed manufacturer full load amperage 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment operates as designed 
Ensure equipment operates efficiently 
Ensure equipment operates safely 
 
5.3003.4f - Compressor amperage 
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested 
 
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5.3003.4g - Door switch operation 
 
Specification(s): Amperage will not exceed manufacturer full load amperage 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment operates as designed 
Ensure equipment operates efficiently 
Ensure equipment operates safely 
 
5.3003.4g - Door switch operation 
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested 
Specification(s): Blower compartment safety switch operation will be verified 
Objective(s): Ensure blower does not operate during service 
 
5.3003.4h - Heat pump: emergency heat 
Desired Outcome: Electrical components properly tested 
Specification(s): Emergency heat circuit functions will be verified 
Objective(s): Ensure system delivers heat in case of compressor failure 
 
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5.3003.5 - Refrigerant Line Inspection 
Desired Outcome: Refrigerant lines properly installed 
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
5.3003.5a - Insulation 
Desired Outcome: Refrigerant lines properly installed 
Specification(s): All suction or vapor refrigerant lines, will be insulated to a minimum of R-4 
High-side or liquid refrigerant lines will not be insulated unless specified by the equipment's manufacturer 
Objective(s): Ensure refrigerant lines do not gain excessive heat, or cause condensation to occur inside the building envelope 
 
5.3003.5b - Ultraviolet (UV) protection of insulation 
Desired Outcome: Refrigerant lines properly installed 
Specification(s): If exposed to sunlight, refrigerant line insulation will be protected from UV degradation in accordance with manufacturer specifications, IRC or local code 
Objective(s): Install insulation so it does not degrade 
 
5.3003.5c - Sizing 
Desired Outcome: 
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5.3003.5d - Installation quality 
 
Refrigerant lines properly installed 
Specification(s): Refrigerant lines will be sized to meet manufacturer specifications for the installed equipment 
Objective(s): Ensure system moves appropriate volume of refrigerant 
 
5.3003.5d - Installation quality 
Desired Outcome: Refrigerant lines properly installed 
Specification(s): Refrigerant lines will be installed without kinks, crimps, or excessive bends 
Objective(s): Ensure system moves appropriate volume of refrigerant 
 
5.3003.5e - Support 
Desired Outcome: Refrigerant lines properly installed 
Specification(s): Refrigerant lines will be routed, supported, and secured to house in a manner that protects the line from damage by workers or occupants 
Objective(s): Ensure refrigerant lines do not move, vibrate, or sag 
Protect lines from damage 
 
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5.3003.9 - Heating and Cooling Controls 
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 
5.3003.9a - Removal of mercury- based thermostats 
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 
Specification(s): Mercury based thermostat will be removed safely and disposed of in accordance with EPA regulations 
Objective(s): Protect workers and occupants from injury 
Protect environment from damage 
 
5.3003.9b - Removal of existing controls 
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 
Specification(s): Existing controls will be removed in accordance with EPA lead-safe work rules 
Objective(s): Protect workers and occupants from injury 
Protect environment from damage 
 
5.3003.9c - Penetrations 
 
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 
Specification(s): 
 
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5.3003.9d - Thermostat location 
 
Penetrations for control wiring will be sealed with a durable sealant (e.g., caulk, silicone, foam) 
Objective(s): Ensure controls operate as designed 
Minimize infiltration and exfiltration from house 
 
5.3003.9d - Thermostat location 
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 
Specification(s): Thermostats will be installed to reflect the temperature of the zone in which they are installed 
Thermostats will not be exposed to extreme temperatures, radiant heat sources, and drafts 
Objective(s): Ensure controls operate as designed 
 
5.3003.9e - Blower speed 
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 
Specification(s): Blower speed will be set for equipment in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment has correct air flow 
 
5.3003.9f - Thermostat selection: heat pump 
 
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 
Specification(s): A thermostat with equipment supplementary heat lockout that can interface with an outside temperature sensor will be selected 
 
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5.3003.9g - Heat pump: supplementary heat 
 
Objective(s): Ensure supplementary heater operation is prevented when the heat pump is capable of meeting the load 
 
5.3003.9g - Heat pump: supplementary heat 
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 
Specification(s): Supplementary heat will be used on air-to-air heat pumps with conditions that allow for a balance point of less than 30F 
Supplementary heat lockout will be installed and set to manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Ensure supplementary heater operation is prevented when the heat pump is capable of meeting the load 
 
5.3003.9h - Heat pump: low ambient compressor lockout 
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 
Specification(s): For air-to-air heat pumps, low ambient compressor lockout will be set to 0F outdoor temperature or to manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Ensure supplementary heater operation is prevented when the heat pump is capable of meeting the load 
 
5.3003.9i - Heat pump: outside temperature sensor 
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 
Specification(s): 
 
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5.3003.9j - Heat pump: supplementary heat wiring 
 
An outdoor temperature sensor will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment operates as designed 
 
5.3003.9j - Heat pump: supplementary heat wiring 
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 
Specification(s): Supplementary heat will be wired onto second-stage heating terminal in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Do not operate supplementary heat in stage one heating 
 
5.3003.9k - Thermostat: installer programming 
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 
Specification(s): The installer options will be set to match the thermostat to the equipment and control board settings 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment operates as designed 
 
5.3003.9l - Time delay settings 
 
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 
 
Specification(s): Time delay for equipment will be set in accordance with manufacturer specifications and as appropriate for the climate zone (e.g., no time delay for hot humid climates) 
 
Objective(s): Maximize transfer of heat without adversely affecting indoor humidity levels 
 
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5.3003.9m - Humidistat: location 
 
5.3003.9m - Humidistat: location 
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 
Specification(s): Humidistat will be installed to reflect humidity of the zone in which it is installed 
Humidistat will be installed in a dry location 
Objective(s): Ensure controls operate as designed 
5.3003.9n - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 
Specification(s): Occupants will be educated on proper use of thermostat including: 
 Proper use of setbacks for air conditioners and heat pumps  Allowing occupant comfort to determine setback for combustion heating appliances  Using emergency heat appropriately 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment and controls operate as designed 
Provide comfort throughout house 
 
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5.3003.10 - Condensate Drainage of Heating and Air Conditioning Equipment 
Desired Outcome: Equipment and condensate drain operate as designed Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
5.3003.10a - Connection 
Desired Outcome: Equipment and condensate drain operate as designed 
Specification(s): Connections in condensate drain system will be watertight 
Objective(s): Ensure condensate drain connections do not leak 
 
 Before 
HVAC equipment needs condensate drainage to prevent water damage 
 
In Progress 
Drainage pipes should be sealed to be watertight 
 
Tools: 
1. Hacksaw 2. Crimper 
 
Materials: 
1. Pex piping and angles 2. PVC piping and angles 3. PVC primer and cement 
 
PVC cement is not actually glue, but rather a solvent that softens the surfaces and welds them together. Clean and dry the surfaces, then apply purple primer to prepare them for solvent welding. 
 
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5.3003.10b - Insulation 
 
Coat both surfaces with PVC cement. Insert the pipe or male fitting into the female socket until it bottoms out, and then twist them a quarter turn to evenly spread the cement. Wipe away the excess cement, and wait the period of time specified by the cement manufacturer before allowing water through the connection. 
 
5.3003.10b - Insulation 
Desired Outcome: Equipment and condensate drain operate as designed 
Specification(s): Condensate drainlines will be insulated with a minimum 1" of insulation with a vapor retarder when there is potential for condensation or freezing on the drainline 
Objective(s): Ensure condensate drain connections do not leak 
 
 Before 
Once drainage pipes cross into unconditioned space, they can freeze 
Tools: 1. Tape measure 2. Utility knife 
 
 After 
Pipes in unconditioned spaces should be insulated with 1" pipe insulation 
Materials: 1. 1" thick pipe insulation 2. Zip ties 
 
5.3003.10c - Overflow protection: upflow 
Desired Outcome: Equipment and condensate drain operate as designed 
Specification(s): 
 
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5.3003.10d - Pumps 
 
Secondary drain pan and float switch will be installed when overflow could damage finished surfaces 
OR 
Float switch in the primary condensate drain for upflow systems will be installed when overflow could damage finished surfaces 
Objective(s): Ensure condensate drain connections do not leak 
 
A float switch should be installed to prevent overflow and damage 
5.3003.10d - Pumps 
Desired Outcome: Equipment and condensate drain operate as designed 
Specification(s): Condensate drain pumps will be installed when condensate cannot be drained by gravity Power source for pump will be installed Operation and drainage of pump will be verified 
Objective(s): Ensure condensate drain connections do not leak 
 
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5.3003.10g - Float switch 
 
 Before 
This AC unit is located below the drain location, requiring a pump to eject the condensate upward 
 
 After 
Route AC condensate line into a pump and run the discharge outdoors if AC is located too low to drain by gravity 
 
Use condensate pumps equipped with safety switches. Wire the switch to the HVAC unit so that it will shut off the unit in the event the condensate pump backs up or overflows. 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Ductless mini-split AC unit is mounted Pipe the condensate to a pump. 
 
Route the pump discharge outside or 
 
to a wall which cannot be penetrated Provide a power supply for the pump into the sewage system 
 
5.3003.10g - Float switch 
Desired Outcome: Equipment and condensate drain operate as designed 
Specification(s): All secondary drain pans will have a float switch and be drained away through a drainline 
Objective(s): Prevent water overflowing the pan and draining onto the ceiling below 
 
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5.3003.10g - Float switch 
 
Float switches should be installed in drainage pans to prevent overflow 
 
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5.3003.14 - Combustion Analysis of Gas-Fired Appliances (LP and Natural Gas) 
Desired Outcome: Analysis of critical components and operations completed in accordance with industry and manufacturer specifications 
5.3003.14a - Gas Pressure 
Desired Outcome: Analysis of critical components and operations completed in accordance with industry and manufacturer specifications 
Specification(s): Measurement will be verified by a certified professional in accordance with fuel type and manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment: 
 Operates as designed  Operates safely  Operates efficiently  Is durable 
5.3003.14b - Place appliance in operation 
Desired Outcome: Analysis of critical components and operations completed in accordance with industry and manufacturer specifications 
Specification(s): Heating equipment will be placed in operation in accordance with applicable NFPA standards and manufacturer specifications when available 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment: 
 
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 Operates as designed  Operates safely  Operates efficiently  Is durable 
 
5.3003.14c - Carbon dioxide (CO2)and oxygen (O2) 
 
5.3003.14c - Carbon dioxide (CO2)and oxygen (O2) 
Desired Outcome: Analysis of critical components and operations completed in accordance with industry and manufacturer specifications 
Specification(s): Measurement will be verified in accordance with industry manuals (e.g., Testo, Bacharach) 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment: 
 Operates as designed  Operates safely  Operates efficiently  Is durable 
 
5.3003.14d - Carbon monoxide (CO) in flue gas 
Desired Outcome: Analysis of critical components and operations completed in accordance with industry and manufacturer specifications 
Specification(s): CO in the undiluted flue gas will be less than 400 ppm air-free 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment: 
 Operates as designed  Operates safely  Operates efficiently  Is durable 
 
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 Heating and Cooling > Forced Air > System Assessment and Maintenance 5.3003.14e - Testing/inspection holes 
5.3003.14e - Testing/inspection holes 
Desired Outcome: Analysis of critical components and operations completed in accordance with industry and manufacturer specifications 
Specification(s): All testing and inspection holes will be sealed with manufacturer approved materials 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment: 
 Operates as designed  Operates safely  Operates efficiently  Is durable 
 
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 Ventilation > Exhaust > Components 
6.6002.1 - Ducts 
Desired Outcome: Installed ducts effectively move the required volume of air and prevent condensation 
6.6002.1a - Duct design and configuration 
Desired Outcome: Installed ducts effectively move the required volume of air and prevent condensation Specification(s): Ventilation ducts will be as short, straight, and smooth as possible Ventilation ducts will not be smaller than the connections to which they are attached Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air 
 
 Before 
Duct work for exhaust fans should be short, smooth, and not pinch down 
 
 After 
Duct is the same size as the outlet and makes shortest run possible 
 
Tools: 
1. Metal snips 2. Drill 
 
Materials: 
1. Metal duct piping 2. Fasteners 
 
See also ASHRAE 62.2-2013. 
 
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6.6002.1b - Duct insulation 
 
6.6002.1b - Duct insulation 
Desired Outcome: Installed ducts effectively move the required volume of air and prevent condensation 
Specification(s): Ducts installed outside of the thermal envelope will be insulated to a minimum of R-8 or equivalent to local codes 
Objective(s): Prevent condensation from forming or collecting inside of the ductwork 
 
Bad Practice 
Uninsulated ducts in unconditioned spaces can result in condensation issues, mold, water damage, and energy losses 
 
Best Practice 
Insulated exhaust and fresh air ducts save energy and reduce problems from condensation, mold, and water damage 
 
Tools: 
1. Utility knife 2. Metal snips 3. Wire cutters 4. Outward clinching (stitch) stapler 
 
Materials: 
1. R-8 insulation with vapor barrier 2. Nylon twine or webbing 3. Light gauge galvanized wire 4. UL-181 duct tape 5. Staples 
 
See also ASHRAE 62.2-2013. Check local codes to verify that R-8 is a sufficient level of insulation. 
 
Sheet metal (for example, a curved piece of flashing or opened, flattened section of metal duct) may be used to support insulated duct without causing the insulation to be compressed. 
 
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6.6002.1c - Duct support 
 
1 
Gather appropriate tools 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Wrap duct with fiberglass insulation. Secure insulation with wire. Install vapor barrier. Fasten with staples and tape 
 
Staple and tape seams in the vapor barrier. Support ductwork with nylon webbing or twine 
 
6.6002.1c - Duct support 
Desired Outcome: Installed ducts effectively move the required volume of air and prevent condensation 
Specification(s): Flexible and duct board ducts and plenums will be supported every 4' using a minimum of 1 " wide material 
Support materials will be applied in a way that does not crimp ductwork or cause the interior dimensions of the ductwork to be less than specified (e.g., ceiling, framing, strapping); duct support must be installed in accordance with authority having jurisdiction 
Metal ducts will be supported by 1/2" or wider 18-gauge strapping or 12 gauge or thicker galvanized wire no less than 10' apart 
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air 
Preserve the integrity of the duct system 
Eliminate falling and sagging 
 
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6.6002.1c - Duct support 
 
 Before 
Ducts should not be allowed to droop or sag to maximize efficiency 
 
 After 
Supports should be evenly spaced to allow for minimal distance of run 
 
Tools: 
1. Drill 2. Metal snips 3. Utility knife 
 
Materials: 
1. Durable straps at least 1 1/2" wide 2. 18 gauge metal strap at least 1/2" wide 3. 12 gauge galvanized wire 4. Staples 5. Fasteners 
 
See also ASHRAE 62.2-2013. 
 
BAD: Make sure supports DO NOT compress insulation or duct 
 
Flex ducts should have support straps Support straps should be at least 1 1/2 
 
at least every 4 feet 
 
inches wide 
 
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6.6002.1d - Duct connections 
 
Metal ducts should be supported at 10 Metal strap should be at least 18 
 
feet or less with wire or metal strap 
 
gauge and 1/2 inch wide 
 
Metal wire should be at least 12 gauge and galvinized 
 
6.6002.1d - Duct connections 
Desired Outcome: Installed ducts effectively move the required volume of air and prevent condensation 
Specification(s): Round metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced screws 
Other metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC connections will be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic- plus-embedded-fabric systems, or tapes 
Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool 
PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement 
Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M listed material 
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air 
Preserve the integrity of the duct system 
 
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6.6002.1e - Duct materials 
 
 Before 
Fan duct is disconnected and venting into the attic space. 
 
 After 
Fan has been vented with sealed, insulated duct material. 
 
1 
 
2 
 
Apply mastic to the connection fitting. Snug duct liner onto connection fitting. 
 
3 
Use zip tie and tensioner to secure liner to connection fitting. 
 
4 
Apply mastic to fan connection. 
 
5 
Using mechanical fasteners, secure connection fitting to fan connection. 
 
6 
Snug insulation to fan housing and strap into place. 
 
6.6002.1e - Duct materials 
Desired Outcome: 
 
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6.6002.1e - Duct materials 
 
Installed ducts effectively move the required volume of air and prevent condensation 
Specification(s): Flexible materials will be UL 181 listed or Air Diffusion Council approved 
The metal gauge of rigid kitchen fan ducting shall meet code requirements or the approval of the authority having jurisdiction. 
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air 
Preserve the integrity of the duct system 
 
Bad Practice 
 
Best Practice 
 
Existing duct is installed incorrectly and is not This flexible duct conforms to UL 181 UL listed 
 
Tools: 
1. utility knife 2. wire cutters 3. zip tie tensioning tool 4. disposable brushes 5. hacksaw 
 
Materials: 
1. rigid metal duct 2. UL 181 listed flexible duct 3. PVC pipe 4. mastic duct sealant 5. zip ties 6. UL 181 listed tape 7. PVC cement (only if using PVC pipe as duct material) 8. sheet metal screws 
 
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6.6002.1e - Duct materials 
 
1 
PVC Sealant 
 
2 
Mastic 
 
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6.6002.2 - Terminations 
Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow 
6.6002.2a - Hole in building shell 
Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow Specification(s): A hole no greater than a 1/4" greater than the fitting will be cut to accommodate termination fitting Objective(s): Allow for ease of weatherproofing 
 
 Before 
Exhaust fans need exterior ventilation, often through roofs and walls 
 
 After 
Hole should be no more than 1/4" larger than termination fitting diameter 
 
Tools: 
1. Hole saw 2. Drill 3. Tape measure 
 
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6.6002.2b - Termination fitting 
 
1 
 
2 
 
Locate the center of your vent hole by Measure the termination fitting to 
 
drilling from inside through roof 
 
determine proper hole saw diameter 
 
3 
Based on termination fitting size (in this case, 4"), mark to cut hole 
 
4 
 
5 
 
Hole should be no more than 1/4" 
 
Verify hole size is correct before 
 
larger than termination fitting diameter installation 
 
6.6002.2b - Termination fitting 
Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow 
Specification(s): A termination fitting with an integrated collar will be used 
Collar will be at least the same diameter as the exhaust fan outlet; if collar is larger than exhaust fan outlet, a rigid metal transition will be used 
Fitting will be appropriate for regional weather conditions and installation location on house so as not to be rendered inoperable 
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air to the outside 
 
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Preserve integrity of the building envelope Ensure durable installation 
 
6.6002.2c - Duct to termination connection 
 
 Before 
Termination fittings with no collar are to be avoided 
Tools: 1. Drill 
 
 After 
Properly sized ducts with snug connections to collared fittings last longer 
Materials: 1. Fasteners 
 
BAD: Termination fittings without collars should be avoided 
 
Termination fittings with collars should Collared fittings extend through the 
 
be used for exhaust ventilation 
 
roof to fasten securely with duct 
 
6.6002.2c - Duct to termination connection 
 
Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow 
 
Specification(s): Duct will be connected and sealed to termination fitting as follows: 
 
 Round metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally 
 
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6.6002.2c - Duct to termination connection 
 
spaced screws  Other metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC connections will be securely fastened and sealed with 
welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems, or tapes  Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band 
tensioning tool  PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement  Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer 
specifications  In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M 
listed material 
Fasteners will not inhibit damper operation 
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air to the outside 
Preserve integrity of the building envelope 
Ensure durable installation 
 
 Before 
Termination is not mechanically fastened, or sealed appropriately. 
 
 After 
Termination fitting is secure, and duct is sealed to termination. 
 
Tools: 
1. wire cutters 2. disposable chip brush 3. zip tie tensioning tool 4. utility knife 5. hacksaw 
 
Materials: 
1. insulated flex duct with liner 2. mastic duct sealant 3. zip tie straps 4. UL 181 listed tape 
 
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6.6002.2d - Weatherproof installation 
 
1 
With other end of the duct connected to the fan, cut duct to desired length. 
 
2 
Apply mastic to termination fitting. 
 
3 
Fit duct liner on to termination fitting. 
 
4 
 
5 
 
With duct liner in place, use the zip tie With liner secured and zip tie 
 
tension tool to secure the liner to the trimmed, you are ready to pull the 
 
fitting. 
 
insulation to cover the fitting. 
 
6 
Ensure termination damper functions as intended. 
 
6.6002.2d - Weatherproof installation 
Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow 
Specification(s): Exterior termination fitting will be flashed or weather sealed Water will be directed away from penetration Installation will not inhibit damper operation Manufacturer specifications will be followed 
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of the building envelope 
 
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Ensure a weather tight and durable termination installation Ensure unrestricted air flow 
 
6.6002.2e - Pest exclusion 
 
 Before 
 
 After 
 
Holes for termination fitting need to be sealed Termination installation should follow 
 
to weatherproof 
 
shingling to deter water penetration 
 
Tools: 
1. Hole saw 2. Caulk gun 3. Drill 
 
Materials: 
1. Fasteners 2. Caulk 
 
Termination fitting is installed to repel water and sealed 
 
6.6002.2e - Pest exclusion 
 
Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow 
 
Specification(s): Screen material with no less than " and no greater than " hole size in any direction will be used 
Installation will not inhibit damper operation or restrict air flow 
 
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Objective(s): Prevent pest entry Ensure proper air flow 
 
6.6002.2f - Termination location 
 
 Before 
Exhaust terminations without screens are an invitation to pest intrusion 
 
 After 
Screen mesh should be between 1/4" and 1/ 2" in either direction 
 
6.6002.2f - Termination location 
Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow 
Specification(s): Terminations will be ducted to the outdoors, which does not include unconditioned spaces such as attics and crawl spaces that are ventilated with the outdoors. 
Terminations will be installed: 
 A minimum of 3' away from any property line  A minimum of 3' away from operable opening to houses  A minimum of 10' away from mechanical intake  As required by authority having jurisdiction 
Objective(s): Prevent exhaust from reentering house 
 
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6.6002.2g - Kitchen exhaust 
 
Unsafe 
Exhaust vent has been improperly mounted too close to mechanical vent 
Tools: 1. Measuring tape 2. Hole saw 3. Drill 
6.6002.2g - Kitchen exhaust 
Desired Outcome: Securely installed termination fittings with unrestricted air flow 
Specification(s): Galvanized steel, stainless steel, or copper will be used for termination fitting for kitchen exhaust 
Objective(s): Prevent a fire hazard 
 
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6.6002.2g - Kitchen exhaust 
 
 Before 
Kitchen exhaust vents should not be made from highly combustible materials 
 
 After 
This roof-mounted kitchen exhaust fan is galvanized steel--heat resistant 
 
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6.6002.3 - Exhaust-Only Ventilation--Fan Intake Grille Location 
Desired Outcome: Exhaust grille location optimizes either primary or local ventilation Note: 
6.6002.3a - Primary whole house ventilation 
Desired Outcome: Exhaust grille location optimizes either primary or local ventilation Specification(s): Fan intake grille will be installed in a central location within the main body of the house Ensure it is accessible for filter change and cleaning Objective(s): Provide whole house air exchange 
6.6002.3b - Local ventilation 
Desired Outcome: Exhaust grille location optimizes either primary or local ventilation Specification(s): Fan intake grille will be installed in the space where odor, moisture vapor, or other contaminants are generated Objective(s): Remove contaminated air at the source 
 
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6.6003.1 - Surface-Mounted Ducted 
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification 
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
6.6003.1a - Hole through interior surface 
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): A hole no greater than a 1/4" greater than the assembly will be cut to accommodate fan assembly 
Objective(s): Minimize repair work 
Ensure a secure installation 
 
6.6003.1b - Wiring 
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Wiring will be installed in accordance with original equipment manufacturer specifications, and local and national electrical and mechanical codes 
Objective(s): Prevent an electrical hazard 
6.6003.1c - Fan mounting 
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification 
 
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6.6003.1d - Backdraft damper 
 
Specification(s): Fan outlet will be oriented toward the final termination location 
Fan will be oriented so the equivalent length of the duct run is as short as possible 
Fan will be mounted securely in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Ensure short duct run to achieve optimum air flow 
Ensure a secure installation 
Ensure fan housing does not shake, rattle, or hum when operating 
 
6.6003.1d - Backdraft damper 
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): A backdraft damper will be installed between the outlet side of the fan and the exterior 
Objective(s): Prevent reverse air flow when the fan is off 
 
6.6003.1e - Duct to fan connection 
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Duct-to-fan outlet will be connected and sealed as follows: 
 Round metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced screws 
 Other metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC connections will be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems, or tapes 
 Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool 
 PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement 
 
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6.6003.1f - Fan housing seal 
 
 Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened according to manufacturer specifications  In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M 
listed material 
Objective(s): Exhaust to outside 
 
6.6003.1f - Fan housing seal 
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Gaps and holes in fan housing will be sealed with caulk or other sealants in accordance with manufacturer recommendations 
Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces 
Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage through fan housing 
Ensure a permanent seal 
Prevent a fire hazard 
 
6.6003.1g - Fan to interior surface seal 
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces 
Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage between house and fan 
 
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6.6003.1i - Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans 
 
6.6003.1h - Air flow 
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Air flows in cubic feet per minute (CFM) will be measured and adjusted to meet the whole house upgrade design requirements 
Objective(s): Exhaust sufficient air from desired locations to outside 
 
6.6003.1i - Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans 
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Leakage to the house from other spaces will be prevented (e.g., garages, unconditioned crawl spaces, unconditioned attics) 
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety 
 
6.6003.1j - Combustion safety 
Desired Outcome: Surface-mounted ducted fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Pressure effects will be assessed and corrected on all combustion appliances 
Objective(s): Ensure safe operation of combustion appliances 
 
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6.6003.2 - Inline 
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification 
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
6.6003.2a - Wiring 
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Wiring will be installed in accordance with original equipment manufacturer specifications and local and national electrical and mechanical codes 
Objective(s): Prevent an electrical hazard 
 
6.6003.2b - Access 
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Fan and service switch will be accessible for maintenance according to NFPA 70 National Electric Code or local authority having jurisdiction 
Objective(s): Fan and service switch will be accessible for maintenance 
 
6.6003.2c - Fan mounting 
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): 
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6.6003.2d - Backdraft damper 
 
Fan outlet will be oriented toward the final termination location Fan will be oriented so the equivalent length of the duct run is as short as possible Fan will be mounted securely in accordance with manufacturer specifications Fan will be isolated from the building framing unless specifically designed to be directly attached Fan will be installed remotely by installing ducting from intake grille Objective(s): Ensure short duct run to achieve optimum air flow Ensure fan is installed securely Ensure fan housing or building framing does not shake, rattle, or hum when operating Minimize noise 
 
6.6003.2d - Backdraft damper 
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): A backdraft damper will be installed between the outlet side of the fan and the exterior 
Objective(s): Prevent reverse air flow when the fan is off 
 
6.6003.2e - Duct connections 
 
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Ducts will be connected and sealed to the intake fan and termination fitting as follows: 
 Round metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced screws 
 Other metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC connections will be securely fastened and sealed with 
 
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6.6003.2f - Boot to interior surface seal 
 
welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems, or tapes  Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band 
tensioning tool  PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement  Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer 
specifications  In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M 
listed material 
Objective(s): Exhaust from desired location to outside 
Preserve integrity of the duct system and building envelope 
 
6.6003.2f - Boot to interior surface seal 
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces 
Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage around intake housing 
Prevent a fire hazard 
 
6.6003.2g - Air flow 
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Air flows in CFM will be measured and adjusted to meet the design requirements 
Objective(s): Exhaust sufficient air from desired locations to outside 
 
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6.6003.2i - Combustion safety 
 
6.6003.2h - Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans 
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Leakage to the house from other spaces will be prevented (e.g., garages, unconditioned crawl spaces, unconditioned attics) 
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety 
 
6.6003.2i - Combustion safety 
Desired Outcome: Inline fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Pressure effects caused by fans will be assessed and corrected when found outside of combustion safety standards 
Exhaust fans and other exhausting systems shall be provided with makeup air or other pressure relief 
Objective(s): Ensure safe operation of combustion appliances 
 
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6.6003.3 - Through the Wall 
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
6.6003.3a - Hole in building shell 
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): A hole no greater than a 1/4 inch greater than the assembly will be cut to accommodate fan assembly 
Objective(s): Allow for ease of weatherproofing 
 
 Before 
Measure the vent size to compare to opening. 1/4" gap or less is desired. 
Tools: 
1. saw 2. prybar 3. goggles 4. gloves 5. measuring tape 
 
 After 
Hole size allows sufficient room for vent installation and proper sealing. 
 
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6.6003.3a - Hole in building shell 
 
6.6003.3a - Hole in building shell 
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): A hole no greater than a 1/4 inch greater than the assembly will be cut to accommodate fan assembly 
Objective(s): Allow for ease of weatherproofing 
 
 Before 
Determine size to cut hole by measuring fan assembly and ducting 
 
 After 
A snug fit should be ensured to minimize weatherproofing required 
 
Tools: 
1. Tape measure 2. Saw 
 
1 
 
2 
 
Measure the termination fitting to 
 
Hole should be no more than 1/4" 
 
determine proper hole diameter (in this larger than assembly diameter 
 
case, 4") 
 
3 
Clear wall surface and mark hole size 1/4" larger than termination fitting 
 
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6.6003.3b - Wiring 
 
4 
Since opening is larger than most hole saws, precision cutting is important 
6.6003.3b - Wiring 
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Wiring will be installed in accordance with original equipment manufacturer specifications, and local and national electrical and mechanical codes 
Objective(s): Prevent an electrical hazard 
 
Fan wiring showing proper grounding, wiring Fan junction box with cover installed connections, and clamp 
 
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6.6003.3c - Fan mounting 
 
Tools: 
1. Wire strippers 2. Utility knife or cable ripper 3. Screwdriver 4. Non-contact voltage tester 5. Lineman's pliers 
 
Materials: 
1. Ground wire crimp sleeves 2. Non-metallic sheathed wire (Type NMB) e.g., Romex  3. Plastic junction box and cover plate 4. Wire nuts 5. Cable staples 6. Clamp-type cable connectors 
 
Follow manufacturer's specifications and applicable codes when wiring newly installed equipment. 
 
1 
Make all connections to existing wiring in junction boxes. Use wire nuts on line and neutral and crimp sleeves on ground 
6.6003.3c - Fan mounting 
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Fan outlet will be oriented toward the final termination location Fan will be oriented so the equivalent length of the duct run is as short as possible Fan will be mounted securely according to manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Install mounting fan securely Ensure fan housing does not shake, rattle, or hum when operating 
 
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6.6003.3d - Weatherproof installation 
 
Best Practice 
Using provided holes or template, drill holes and fasten fan securely. 
Tools: 1. drill 2. drill bits 
 
Materials: 1. fasteners 
 
6.6003.3d - Weatherproof installation 
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Exterior termination fitting will be flashed or weather sealed Water will be directed away from penetration Termination fitting installation will not inhibit damper operation Manufacturer specifications will be followed 
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of the building envelope Ensure a weather tight and durable installation Ensure unrestricted air flow 
 
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6.6003.3e - Backdraft damper 
 
Best Practice 
Apply sealant behind termination cap, taking care to apply sealant to all edges. 
 
Best Practice 
Termination is sealed and securely attached to the wall. 
 
Tools: 
1. caulk gun 2. drill 3. drill bits 4. reciprocating saw 5. drywall saw or utility knife 
 
Materials: 
1. weatherproof termination kit with pest screen 2. caulk or equivalent sealant 3. mechanical fasteners 
 
1 
With the termination cap pushed against the wall, wipe away excess sealant and install mechanical fasteners. 
 
2 
Ensure damper swings open freely, and closes with a tight fit. 
 
6.6003.3e - Backdraft damper 
 
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): A backdraft damper will be installed between the outlet side of the fan and the exterior 
Objective(s): Prevent reverse air flow when the fan is off 
 
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6.6003.3f - Fan housing seal 
 
Best Practice 
Damper should be installed to maintain exterior air barrier 
6.6003.3f - Fan housing seal 
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage through fan housing Ensure a permanent seal to the building air barrier 
 
 Before 
Apply sealant behind termination cap. 
 
 After 
Compress sealant ensuring an airtight, weatherproof seal. 
 
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6.6003.3g - Fan to interior surface seal 
 
Tools: 1. caulk gun 
 
Materials: 1. weatherproof, code approved caulk 
 
6.6003.3g - Fan to interior surface seal 
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces 
Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage around intake housing 
Prevent a fire hazard 
 
In Progress 
Apply approved sealant around interior opening. Fan housing should compress sealant. 
Tools: 1. caulk gun 
 
Materials: 1. code approved caulk 
 
6.6003.3i - Air flow 
 
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification 
 
Specification(s): 
 
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6.6003.3j - Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans 
 
Air flows in CFM will be measured and adjusted to meet the design requirements 
Objective(s): Exhaust sufficient air from desired locations to outside 
 
Best Practice 
Using a digital manometer, exhaust flow meter and fabricated cover, measure the fan flow. 
 
Best Practice 
Air flow should be within acceptable limits for the location of the fan. 
 
Tools: 
1. exhaust fan flow meter 2. manometer 
 
Materials: 
1. a fabricated cover for fans larger than the flow meter 
 
6.6003.3j - Preventing air leakage caused by exhaust fans 
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Leakage to the house from other spaces will be prevented (e.g., garages, unconditioned crawl spaces, unconditioned attics) 
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety 
 
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6.6003.3k - Combustion safety 
 
Best Practice 
The barrier between conditioned and unconditioned spaces should be sealed 
See also SWS 3.1501.1 Air Sealing Garage Penetrations. 
6.6003.3k - Combustion safety 
Desired Outcome: Through the wall fans installed to specification 
Specification(s): Pressure effects caused by fans will be assessed and corrected when found outside of combustion safety standards 
Make-up air will be provided in accordance with the current version of ASHRAE 62.2 and in compliance with the authority having jurisdiction. 
Objective(s): Ensure safe operation of combustion appliances 
 
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6.6003.3k - Combustion safety 
 
 Before 
Installing new ventilation can cause imbalances within the house 
 
 After 
Test that depressurization limit is not being exceeded by new ventilation 
 
Tools: 1. Manometer 
 
See SWS 2.0299.1a-i for CAZ depressurization limits 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Run depressurization testing on house If depressurization limit is exceeded, to ensure new ventilation isn't causing mitigate to eliminate safety risk unsafe conditions 
 
Mitigate safety risk with make-up air or other pressure relief 
 
4 
After mitigation, verify that 
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depressurization limits are not being exceeded 
 
6.6003.3k - Combustion safety 
 
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6.6005.1 - Clothes Dryer 
Desired Outcome: Dryer air exhausted efficiently and safely 
6.6005.1a - Clothes dryer ducting 
Desired Outcome: Dryer air exhausted efficiently and safely 
Specification(s): Clothes dryers will be ducted to the outdoors, which does not include unconditioned spaces such as attics and crawl spaces that are ventilated with the outdoors 
As short a run as practical of rigid sheet metal or semi-rigid sheet metal venting material will be used in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
Dryer ducts exceeding 35' in duct equivalent length will have a dryer booster fan installed 
Plastic venting material will not be used 
Uninsulated clothes dryer duct will not pass through unconditioned spaces such as attics and crawl spaces, except where allowed by the authority having jurisdiction 
Ducts will be connected and sealed as follows: 
 UL listed foil type or semi-rigid sheet metal to rigid metal will be fastened with clamp  Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer 
specifications  In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M 
listed material 
In addition: 
 Sheet metal screws or other fasteners that will obstruct the exhaust flow will not be used  Condensing dryers will be plumbed to a drain 
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of building envelope 
 
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Effectively move air from clothes dryer to outside 
 
6.6005.1a - Clothes dryer ducting 
 
 Before 
 
 After 
 
Dryer is vented outside, but with the incorrect Dryer is vented outdoors with semi-rigid 
 
material. 
 
metal duct. Run is as short and straight as 
 
possible ensuring maximum flow. 
 
Tools: 
1. tin snips 2. drill 3. wire cutters 
 
Materials: 
1. metal flex duct 2. dryer vent kit 3. hose clamps 4. UL 181 listed tape 
 
1 
 
2 
 
Disconnect existing vent pipe from termination. If hose clamp is installed, save for reuse. 
 
Disconnect existing vent pipe from dryer. 
 
3 
Attach approved vent material to termination vent. Termination vent may need to be trimmed. 
 
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6.6005.1b - Termination fitting 
 
4 
 
5 
 
Trim metal vent to ensure the run is as Connect vent pipe to dryer. short and straight as possible. 
 
6 
Dryer vents to outdoors, and exhaust damper is functional. 
 
6.6005.1b - Termination fitting 
Desired Outcome: Dryer air exhausted efficiently and safely 
Specification(s): Termination fitting manufactured for use with dryers will be installed 
A backdraft damper will be included, as described in termination fitting detail 
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of building envelope 
Effectively move air from clothes dryer to outside 
 
Best Practice 
Termination fittings for dryers should have backdraft dampers 
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6.6005.1c - Make-up air 
 
Most modern dryer vents have a built-in backdraft damper To minimize pest intrusion, mesh >1/4" square can be used (see 6.6002.2e) 
6.6005.1c - Make-up air 
Desired Outcome: Dryer air exhausted efficiently and safely 
Specification(s): If natural draft combustion appliances are present and if worst-case CAZ and/or other performance based testing is conducted and indicates a need for make-up air, make-up air will be provided in accordance with the current version of ASHRAE 62.2 and in compliance with the authority having jurisdiction. 
If natural draft combustion appliances are present and if no performance based testing is conducted, make-up air will be provided prescriptively in accordance with the current version of ASHRAE 62.2 and in compliance with the authority having jurisdiction. 
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of building envelope 
Effectively move air from clothes dryer to outside 
 
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6.6005.1d - Combustion safety 
 
Best Practice 
A passive inlet vent can provide make-up air for dryer exhaust 
Tools: 
1. Drill 2. Hole saw 3. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Caulk sealant 2. Fasteners 
 
6.6005.1d - Combustion safety 
Desired Outcome: Dryer air exhausted efficiently and safely 
Specification(s): Pressure effects caused by fans will be assessed and corrected when found outside of combustion safety standards 
Objective(s): Ensure safe operation of combustion appliances 
Ensure occupant health and safety 
 
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6.6005.1d - Combustion safety 
 
Appliance exhaust, such as that for a dryer, can cause depressurization 
 
 After 
Test to verify combustion appliances are within depressurization limits 
 
Tools: 1. Manometer 
 
See SWS 2.0299.1a-i for CAZ depressurization limits 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Run depressurization testing on house If depressurization limit is exceeded, to ensure new ventilation isn't causing mitigate to eliminate safety risk unsafe conditions 
 
Install make-up air, such as a passive inlet vent, or other pressure relief 
 
4 
After mitigation, verify that depressurization limit is not being 
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6.6005.1e - Occupant education 
 
6.6005.1e - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Dryer air exhausted efficiently and safely 
Specification(s): Occupant will be instructed to keep lint filter and termination fitting clean 
Occupant will be instructed to keep dryer booster fan clean, if present 
Occupant will be instructed on clothes dryer operation safety including information on items that must not be placed in the clothes dryer (items with any oil or other flammable liquid on it, foam, rubber, plastic or other heat-sensitive fabric, glass fiber materials) 
Objective(s): Effectively move air from clothes dryer to outside 
 
Unsafe 
Neglect of clothes dryer maintenance can cause fire hazards 
 
Best Practice 
Occupants should be taught to clean lint filters and termination fittings 
 
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6.6005.1e - Occupant education 
 
In homes with booster fans, occupant should know location and how to clean 
 
Occupants should be taught never to put flammable articles in dryer (in this case, oily rags) 
 
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6.6005.2 - Kitchen Range 
Desired Outcome: Kitchen range fan installed to specification Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
6.6005.2b - Fan venting 
Desired Outcome: Kitchen range fan installed to specification 
Specification(s): Kitchen range fans will be vented to the outdoors Recirculating fans will not be used as a ventilating device 
Objective(s): Remove cooking contaminants from the house Preserve integrity of building envelope 
 
 Before 
Recirculating fans over ranges do not actually remove contaminants 
Refer to ASHRAE 62.2-2013 
 
 After 
Daylight visible through dampered kitchen exhaust proves venting access 
 
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6.6005.2c - Fan ducting 
 
6.6005.2c - Fan ducting 
Desired Outcome: Kitchen range fan installed to specification 
Specification(s): Kitchen range fans will be ducted to the outdoors 
As short a run as practical of smooth wall metal duct will be used, following manufacturer specifications 
Ducting will be connected and sealed as follows: 
 Metal-to-metal will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced screws  Other metal-to-metal connections will be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, 
mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems, or tapes  For down-draft exhaust systems, PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC 
cement  Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer 
specifications  In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M 
listed material 
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of building envelope 
Effectively move air from range to outside 
 
 Before 
 
 After 
 
Exhaust duct should be smooth-walled and in Daylight visible through dampered kitchen 
 
as short a run as possible 
 
exhaust proves outside access 
 
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6.6005.2d - Termination fitting 
 
Tools: 
1. Drill 2. Putty knife 3. Tape measure 4. Metal snips 5. Saw 
 
Materials: 
1. Round metal ducting 2. Mastic 3. Fiberglass mesh tape 4. Fasteners 
 
See also 6.6002.1d. Note: Only smooth-wall metal duct will be used, except for down-draft exhaust systems where PVC is acceptable as well. Flex duct is NOT acceptable for kitchen fan exhaust application. 
 
1 
Duct run should be as smooth and short as possible 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Duct should be fastened securely with Then joints should be secured with 
 
three evenly-spaced screws 
 
fiberglass tape 
 
4 
Finally, joint should be secured with UL-181 mastic 
 
6.6005.2d - Termination fitting 
 
Desired Outcome: Kitchen range fan installed to specification 
Specification(s): Termination fitting will be installed including a backdraft damper, as described in termination fitting 
 
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detail Objective(s): Ensure safe operation of combustion appliances Ensure occupant health and safety 
 
6.6005.2e - Make-up air 
 
 Before 
Kitchen fans should exhaust to the exterior, not just recirculate air 
 
 After 
Exhaust fans should have backdraft dampers 
 
Backdraft damper on roof mounted exhaust fan 
 
An interior backdraft damper can also be installed for good measure 
 
6.6005.2e - Make-up air 
Desired Outcome: Kitchen range fan installed to specification 
Specification(s): If natural draft combustion appliances are present and if worst-case CAZ and/or other performance based testing is conducted and indicates a need for make-up air, make-up air will be provided in 
 
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6.6005.2f - Combustion safety 
 
accordance with the current version of ASHRAE 62.2 and in compliance with the authority having jurisdiction. 
If natural draft combustion appliances are present and if no performance based testing is conducted, make-up air will be provided prescriptively in accordance with the current version of ASHRAE 62.2 and in compliance with the authority having jurisdiction. 
Objective(s): Ensure safe operation of combustion appliances 
Ensure occupant health and safety 
 
 Before 
If kitchen exhaust is venting at more than 200 cfm, provide make-up air 
 
 After 
A passive inlet vent can provide make-up air for kitchen exhaust 
 
Tools: 
1. Drill 2. Hole saw 3. Caulk gun 
 
Materials: 
1. Caulk sealant 2. Fasteners 
 
6.6005.2f - Combustion safety 
Desired Outcome: Kitchen range fan installed to specification 
Specification(s): Pressure effects caused by fans will be assessed and corrected when found outside of combustion safety standards 
Objective(s): 
 
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Ensure safe operation of combustion appliances Ensure occupant health and safety 
 
6.6005.2f - Combustion safety 
 
 Before 
Kitchen exhaust fans can cause combustion appliances to depressurize 
 
 After 
Test that combustion appliances are operating within depressurization limit 
 
Tools: 1. Manometer 
 
See SWS 2.0299.1a-i for CAZ depressurization limits 
 
1 
 
2 
 
3 
 
Run depressurization testing on house If appliances exceed depressuization Install a source of make-up air, such 
 
to ensure new ventilation isn't causing limit, mitigate to reduce risk 
 
as a passive inlet vent 
 
unsafe conditions 
 
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4 
After mitigation, verify that depressurization limits are not being exceeded 
 
6.6005.2f - Combustion safety 
 
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 Ventilation > Supply > Components 
 
6.6102.1 - Outside Air Ventilation Supply Ducts 
Desired Outcome: Ventilation supply ducts effectively move the required amount of air and prevent condensation Note: 
6.6102.1a - Duct design and configuration 
Desired Outcome: Ventilation supply ducts effectively move the required amount of air and prevent condensation 
Specification(s): Ventilation ducts will be as short, straight, and smooth as possible 
Ventilation ducts will not be smaller than the connections to which they are attached 
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air 
 
6.6102.1b - Duct insulation 
Desired Outcome: Ventilation supply ducts effectively move the required amount of air and prevent condensation 
Specification(s): Ventilation supply ducts installed outside of the thermal envelope will be insulated to a minimum of R-8 or equivalent to local codes 
Objective(s): Prevent moisture condensation 
 
6.6102.1c - Duct support 
 
Desired Outcome: Ventilation supply ducts effectively move the required amount of air and prevent condensation 
Specification(s): Flexible and duct board ducts and plenums will be supported every 4' using a minimum of 1 " wide 
 
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6.6102.1d - Duct connections 
 
material 
Support materials will be applied in a way that does not crimp ductwork or cause the interior dimensions of the ductwork to be less than specified (e.g., ceiling, framing, strapping); duct support must be installed in accordance with authority having jurisdiction 
Metal ducts will be supported by 1/2" or wider 18-gauge strapping or 12 gauge or thicker galvanized wire no less than 10' apart 
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air 
Preserve integrity of the ventilation supply duct system 
Eliminate falling and sagging 
 
6.6102.1d - Duct connections 
 
Desired Outcome: Ventilation supply ducts effectively move the required amount of air and prevent condensation 
Specification(s): All connections will have a contact overlap of at least 1" 
Ducts will be connected and sealed as follows: 
 Round metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced screws 
 Other metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC connections will be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded- fabric systems, or tapes 
 Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool 
 Flexible duct between the cable tie and end of metal or PVC duct will be screwed  PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement  Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer 
specifications 
Outdoor air ventilation supply ducts attached to the return side of forced air systems will be: 
 Attached as close to the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems fan as possible while remaining in compliance with manufacturer specifications 
 
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6.6102.1e - Duct materials 
 
 Set up to provide filtration of outdoor ventilation air before reaching the HVAC system (for minimum MERV 6 filter) 
 Attached via a mechanically fastened takeoff collar 
All joints and connections in ductwork will be fastened and sealed with UL181B or 181B-M welds, gaskets, adhesive mastics, or mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems 
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air 
Preserve integrity of the ventilation supply duct system and building envelope 
 
6.6102.1e - Duct materials 
Desired Outcome: Ventilation supply ducts effectively move the required amount of air and prevent condensation 
Specification(s): Flexible air duct material will meet UL 181, NFPA 90A/90B, International Mechanical Code, or the Uniform Mechanical Code 
Objective(s): Effectively move the required volume of air 
Preserve integrity of the duct system and building envelope 
 
6.6102.1f - Outdoor air intake location 
 
Desired Outcome: Ventilation supply ducts effectively move the required amount of air and prevent condensation 
 
Specification(s): Outdoor air intake will be installed in accordance with the following: 
 
 A minimum of 6" from grade  A minimum of 10' from contaminant sources or exhaust outlets  Above local snow or flood line  A minimum of 18" above an asphalt based roof  Never on a flat roof  As required by authority having jurisdiction 
 
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Objective(s): Prevent contaminants from entering house Ensure unrestricted air flow 
 
6.6102.1f - Outdoor air intake location 
 
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6.6102.2 - Intakes 
Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants 
6.6102.2a - Hole in building shell 
Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants 
Specification(s): A hole no greater than a 1/4" greater than the fitting will be cut to accommodate intake fitting 
Objective(s): Ensure a weather tight installation 
 
6.6102.2b - Intake fitting 
Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants 
Specification(s): Collar will be at least the same diameter as the duct; if collar is larger than duct, a rigid metal transition will be used 
Fitting will be appropriate for regional weather conditions and installation location on house so as not to be rendered inoperable 
Objective(s): Effectively draw the required volume of air from the outdoors 
Preserve integrity of the building envelope 
Ensure durable installation 
 
6.6102.2c - Occupant education 
 
Desired Outcome: 
 
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 Ventilation > Supply > Components 
 
6.6102.2d - Damper (if applicable) 
 
Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants 
Specification(s): Intake fitting will be labeled "ventilation air intake" 
Occupant will be instructed to keep yard debris and other contaminants clear of the intake 
Objective(s): Ensure unrestricted air flow 
 
6.6102.2d - Damper (if applicable) 
Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants 
Specification(s): The damper will be installed to open in the direction of the desired flow 
Damper will close when system is off 
Objective(s): Ensure unrestricted air flow 
 
6.6102.2e - Connection to intake fitting 
 
Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants 
 
Specification(s): Duct to intake fitting will be connected and sealed as follows: 
 
 Round metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced screws 
 Other metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC connections will be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems, or tapes 
 Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool 
 Flexible duct between tie band and end of metal or PVC duct will be screwed into place  PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement  Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer 
 
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6.6102.2f - Weatherproofing 
 
specifications  In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M 
listed material 
Ensure fasteners do not inhibit intake damper operation 
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of the building envelope 
Ensure a weather tight and durable intake installation 
Ensure unrestricted air flow 
 
6.6102.2f - Weatherproofing 
Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants 
Specification(s): Exterior termination fitting will be flashed or weather sealed Water will be directed away from penetration Installation will not inhibit damper operation Manufacturer specifications will be followed 
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of the building envelope Ensure a weather tight and durable intake installation Ensure unrestricted air flow 
 
6.6102.2g - Pest exclusion 
Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants 
Specification(s): Corrosion resistant screen, louver, or grille material no less than " and no greater than " hole size in any direction will be used, or as specified by authority having jurisdiction 
 
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Screen will be installed so it does not inhibit intake damper operation Objective(s): Prevent pest entry Ensure unrestricted air flow 
 
6.6102.2h - Intake location 
 
6.6102.2h - Intake location 
Desired Outcome: Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris, and contaminants 
Specification(s): Intake will be installed according to the following: 
 A minimum of 6" from grade  A minimum of 10' from contaminant sources or exhaust outlets  Above local snow or flood line  A minimum of 18" above an asphalt based roof  Never on a flat roof  As required by authority having jurisdiction 
Objective(s): Prevent contaminants from entering house 
Ensure unrestricted air flow 
 
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6.6102.3 - Intake for Ventilation Air to Forced Air System Used for Heating or Cooling 
Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
6.6102.3a - Forced air system requirements 
Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability 
Specification(s): Existing forced air system leakage to outside will be less than 10% of the air handler flow when measured at 25 pascals with reference to outside Any portion of the return located inside the combustion appliance zone will be air sealed 
Objective(s): Reduce migration of pollutants 
6.6102.3b - Wiring 
Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability 
Specification(s): Wiring will be installed in accordance with original equipment manufacturer specifications and local and national electrical and mechanical codes 
Objective(s): Prevent an electrical hazard 
 
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6.6102.3d - Mounting intake duct 
 
6.6102.3c - Access 
Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability 
Specification(s): Motorized damper and service switch will be accessible for maintenance in accordance with required code or authority having jurisdiction 
Objective(s): Ensure accessibility for maintenance 
 
6.6102.3d - Mounting intake duct 
Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability 
Specification(s): Ventilation duct will be attached as close to the HVAC system's fan as possible while remaining in compliance with HVAC manufacturer specifications 
Filtration of ventilation air will be provided before passing through the thermal conditioning components 
Duct will be connected to intake fitting 
Connection and seal will be performed according to supply duct detail 
Objective(s): Ensure short duct run to achieve optimum air flow 
Preserve integrity of the duct system and building envelope 
 
6.6102.3e - Motorized damper 
 
Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability 
Specification(s): A motorized damper or equivalent technology will be installed between the intake fitting and the 
 
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6.6102.3f - Intake filter 
 
return side of the air handler 
Air flow will be provided by sequenced operation of the damper or equivalent technology 
Objective(s): Prevent air flow when none is desired 
 
6.6102.3f - Intake filter 
Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability 
Specification(s): An accessible filter will be installed 
Filter will be able to remove contaminants consistent with at least minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) 6 or better when tested in accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE 52.2 
Filter or air cleaning systems that intentionally produce ozone will not be allowed 
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety 
Preserve integrity of the building envelope 
 
6.6102.3g - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow, and enhances house durability 
Specification(s): Occupant will be educated on how and when to change filter 
Objective(s): Protect occupant health and safety 
Preserve integrity of the building envelope 
 
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 Ventilation > Supply > Fans 
 
6.6103.1 - Inline or Multi-Port 
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications 
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
6.6103.1a - Wiring 
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications 
Specification(s): Wiring will be installed in accordance with original equipment manufacturer specifications, and local and national electrical and mechanical codes 
Objective(s): Prevent an electrical hazard 
 
6.6103.1b - Access 
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications 
Specification(s): Fan and service switch will be accessible for maintenance, service, and replacement in accordance with applicable code or authority having jurisdiction 
Objective(s): Ensure accessibility for maintenance 
 
6.6103.1c - Fan mounting 
 
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications 
Specification(s): 
 
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6.6103.1d - Damper (required for intermittent operation) 
 
Fan will be oriented with inlet toward the fan intake fitting Fan will be oriented so the equivalent length of the duct run is as short as possible Fan will be securely mounted in accordance with manufacturer specifications Fan will be isolated from the building framing unless specifically designed to be directly attached Fan will be installed remotely by ducting from supply register or grilles Objective(s): Ensure short duct run to achieve optimum air flow Ensure fan is mounted securely Ensure fan housing or building framing does not shake, rattle, or hum when operating Minimize noise 
 
6.6103.1d - Damper (required for intermittent operation) 
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications 
Specification(s): Damper will be installed to open in the direction of the desired flow 
Damper will close when system is off 
Objective(s): Ensure unrestricted air flow 
 
6.6103.1e - Duct connections 
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications 
Specification(s): Ducts will be connected and sealed to the intake fitting, fan, and register or grilles as follows: 
 Metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced 
 
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6.6103.1f - Filter 
 
screws  Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band 
tensioning tool  Flexible duct between the cable tie and end of metal or PVC duct will be screwed  PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement  Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer 
specifications 
All joints and connections in ductwork will be fastened and sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M welds, gaskets, adhesive mastics, or mastic-plus- embedded-fabric systems 
Objective(s): Provide desired air flow 
Preserve integrity of the duct system and building envelope 
 
6.6103.1f - Filter 
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications 
Specification(s): An accessible filter will be installed between the intake fitting and the fan 
Contaminant removal will be consistent with at least minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) 6 or better when tested in accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE 52.2 
Filter or air cleaning systems that intentionally produce ozone will not be allowed 
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety 
Preserve integrity of the building envelope 
 
6.6103.1g - Occupant education 
 
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications 
Specification(s): 
 
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6.6103.1h - Boot to interior surface seal 
 
Occupant will be educated on how and when to change filter 
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety 
 
6.6103.1h - Boot to interior surface seal 
Desired Outcome: Inline or multi-port fan installed in accordance with specifications 
Specification(s): All gaps between boot and interior surface will be air sealed Gypsum edge will be wetted before applying water-based sealant Sealants will be continuous and be in accordance with IRC 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage around intake housing Ensure a permanent seal to the building air barrier Prevent a fire hazard 
 
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 Ventilation > Whole Building Ventilation > Air Flow Requirements 
6.6201.2 - Primary Ventilation Air Flow between Rooms 
Desired Outcome: Air circulates freely between rooms 
6.6201.2a - Balancing pressure 
Desired Outcome: Air circulates freely between rooms Specification(s): An appropriate means of pressure balancing will be installed (e.g., transfer grilles, jumper ducts, individual room returns) No room will exceed +/- 3 pascals with reference to the common area with all interior doors closed and ventilation systems running Objective(s): Ensure free flow of air between rooms Preserve integrity of the building envelope 
 
 Before 
If reading is >+/-3pa, interior ventilation needs to be installed 
 
 After 
Passive door vents and individual room returns are two possibilities 
 
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6.6201.2a - Balancing pressure 
 
1 
 
2 
 
With interior doors open, put reference Take baseline reading hose to exterior 
 
3 
Turn on exhaust fans and close interior doors 
 
4 
With hose under door, check pressure again. Readings >+/-3pa are no good and require interior ventilation 
 
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6.6202.1 - Controls 
Desired Outcome: Fan controls support ventilation strategy 
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
6.6202.1a - Primary ventilation fan (whole-house volume) 
Desired Outcome: Fan controls support ventilation strategy 
Specification(s): Controls will be used that can meet the following conditions: 
 Run fan continuously or intermittently depending upon the intended schedule of operation  Operate fan to produce the intended flow for each intended flow setting 
Objective(s): Deliver intended air exchange 
Ensure fan controls meet intended ventilation strategy 
6.6202.1b - Local exhaust--local fan 
Desired Outcome: Fan controls support ventilation strategy 
Specification(s): Controls will be used that meet the following conditions: 
 Run fan continuously or intermittently depending on the intended schedule of operation  Run fan for intended time for timed operation  Operate fan to produce the intended flow for each intended flow setting 
Objective(s): Deliver intended air exchange 
 
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Ensure fan controls meet intended ventilation strategy 
 
6.6202.1c - Wiring 
 
6.6202.1c - Wiring 
Desired Outcome: Fan controls support ventilation strategy 
Specification(s): Wiring will be installed in accordance with original equipment manufacturer specifications, and local and national electrical and mechanical codes 
Objective(s): Prevent an electrical hazard 
Ensure fan controls meet intended ventilation strategy 
 
6.6202.1d - Manual override 
Desired Outcome: Fan controls support ventilation strategy 
Specification(s): A labeled switch for manual override will be included for the ventilation system 
Objective(s): Ensure fan controls meet intended ventilation strategy 
 
6.6202.1e - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Fan controls support ventilation strategy 
Specification(s): A system operation guide designed for occupants (non-professionals) will be provided to explain how and why to operate system 
A label indicating the presence and purpose of the ventilation system will be included or a copy of the system operation guide will be posted at the electrical panel 
 
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Objective(s): Educate occupants about system operation and importance Deliver intended air exchange 
 
6.6202.1e - Occupant education 
 
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6.6202.2 - Heat Recovery Ventilator (HRV) and Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV) Installation 
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
6.6202.2a - Wiring 
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications 
Specification(s): Wiring will be installed in accordance with original equipment manufacturer specifications, and local and national electrical and mechanical codes 
Objective(s): Prevent an electrical hazard 
6.6202.2b - Access 
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications 
Specification(s): Fans, service switch, filters, drain, and drain pan will be accessible for maintenance in accordance with authority having jurisdiction 
Objective(s): Maintain designed air flows and system performance Ensure occupant health and safety 
 
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6.6202.2d - Backdraft dampers (required for intermittent operation) 
 
6.6202.2c - Fan mounting 
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications 
Specification(s): Fan will be securely mounted in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
Fan will be oriented so the equivalent length of the duct run is as short as possible; calculate "equivalent length" in accordance with ANSI/ACCA Manual D (Residential Duct Systems) 
Fan will be isolated from the building framing unless specifically designed to be directly attached 
Objective(s): Ensure short duct runs achieve optimum air flows 
Ensure fan is mounted securely 
Ensure fan housing or building framing does not shake, rattle, or hum when operating 
Minimize noise 
 
6.6202.2d - Backdraft dampers (required for intermittent operation) 
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications 
Specification(s): A backdraft damper will be installed between the heat recovery ventilator (HRV) or energy recovery ventilator (ERV) and the exterior, unless the system operates continuously 
Outdoor air intakes and exhausts will be equipped with automatic or gravity dampers that close when the ventilation system is not operating 
Objective(s): Prevent reverse air flow when the system is off 
 
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6.6202.2f - Duct connections 
 
6.6202.2e - Installation of fittings 
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications 
Specification(s): Collar will be at least the same diameter as the exhaust fan outlet; if collar is larger than exhaust fan outlet, a rigid metal transition will be used 
Fitting will be appropriate for regional weather conditions and installation location on house so as not to be rendered inoperable 
Objective(s): Achieve the desired air flows to and from the designated locations 
Ensure unrestricted air flow 
Preserve integrity of the building envelope 
 
6.6202.2f - Duct connections 
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications 
Specification(s): Ducts will be connected to applicable registers or grilles, collector box, HRV or ERV, intake fitting, and termination fitting 
Ducts will be connected and sealed as follows: 
 Metal-to-metal or metal-to-PVC will be fastened with a minimum of three equally spaced screws 
 Flexible duct-to-metal or flexible duct-to-PVC will be fastened with tie bands using a tie band tensioning tool 
 Flexible duct between tie band and end of metal or PVC duct will be screwed into place  PVC-to-PVC materials will be fastened with approved PVC cement  Other specialized duct fittings will be fastened in accordance with manufacturer 
specifications  In addition to mechanical fasteners, duct connections will be sealed with UL 181B or 181B-M 
listed material 
 
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6.6202.2g - Duct layout 
 
Objective(s): Achieve the desired air flows to and from the desired locations 
Preserve integrity of the duct system and building envelope 
 
6.6202.2g - Duct layout 
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications 
Specification(s): Air to be exhausted to the outdoors will not be taken directly from the forced air system 
Supply ducts attached to the return side of forced air systems will be: 
 Attached as close to the HVAC system's fan as possible while remaining in compliance with manufacturer specifications 
 Set up to provide filtration of outdoor ventilation air before reaching the HVAC system with minimum MERV 6 filter 
 Connected to the intake fitting  Connected and sealed in accordance with the supply duct detail 
Objective(s): Achieve the desired air flows to and from the desired locations 
Preserve integrity of duct system and house 
Ensure occupant health and safety 
 
6.6202.2h - Insulation 
 
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications 
Specification(s): Ducts installed outside of the thermal envelope will be insulated to a minimum of R-8 or equivalent to local codes 
Objective(s): Preserve integrity of the duct system by eliminating condensation 
 
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 Ventilation > Whole Building Ventilation > Components 
 
6.6202.2i - Sealant selection 
 
6.6202.2i - Sealant selection 
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications 
Specification(s): Gap between registers or grilles and interior surface will be sealed Sealants will be compatible with their intended surfaces Sealants will be continuous and meet fire barrier specifications 
Objective(s): Prevent air leakage around registers or grilles Ensure a permanent seal Prevent a fire hazard 
6.6202.2j - Balance and flow 
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications 
Specification(s): Air flows will be measured and adjusted to match to the system's intent 
Objective(s): Achieve the desired air flows to and from the desired locations 
6.6202.2k - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications 
Specification(s): Occupant will be educated on how and when to change filter and clean drain pan, if applicable, according to manufacturer specifications 
 
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 Ventilation > Whole Building Ventilation > Components 
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety Preserve integrity of system 
 
6.6202.2k - Occupant education 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Ventilation > Additional Resources > Codes and Standards Resources 
6.9901.1 - Supplemental Ventilation Information--ASHRAE 62.2 
Desired Outcome: To provide supplemental ventilation information--ASHRAE 62.2 
6.9901.1a - Ventilation fan flow rate 
Desired Outcome: To provide supplemental ventilation information--ASHRAE 62.2 Specification(s): ASHRAE Standard 62.2 and the calculation of the infiltration credit allow adjustments to primary ventilation fan flow rates for existing houses using a single fan. Objective(s): To provide supplemental ventilation information--ASHRAE 62.2 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Plug Load > Refrigerators/Freezers 
 
7.8001.1 - Refrigerator and Freezer Replacement 
Desired Outcome: A more energy efficient appliance installed 
7.8001.1a - Selection 
Desired Outcome: A more energy efficient appliance installed 
Specification(s): Appliance shall be ENERGY STAR qualified or at least as energy efficient Appliance will fit in the available space without blocking access to light switches, cabinets, etc. Appliance will carry a minimum one-year warranty that will provide a replacement appliance if repeated issues relating to health, safety, or performance occur 
Objective(s): Energy efficient appliance installed 
 
7.8001.1b - Installation 
 
Desired Outcome: A more energy efficient appliance installed 
 
Specification(s): Appliance will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications and local codes 
Any penetrations to the exterior of the home created by the installation of the appliance will be sealed 
 
Energy-related appliance controls will be demonstrated to the occupant Specific information on the proper maintenance of the equipment will be provided to the occupant 
 
Warranty information, operation manuals, and installer contact information will be provided to the occupant 
 
Objective(s): 
 
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 Baseload > Plug Load > Refrigerators/Freezers 
Achieve intended appliance function Preserve food at low energy use Educate occupant on how to operate and maintain the appliance 
 
7.8001.1c - Decommissioning 
 
7.8001.1c - Decommissioning 
Desired Outcome: A more energy efficient appliance installed 
Specification(s): Appliances replaced by new units will be recycled or disposed of in accordance with federal, state, or local regulations 
Appliances infested with pests will be enclosed before moving 
Objective(s): Prevent reuse of inefficient equipment and components 
Protect the environment 
Protect worker safety 
 
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 Baseload > Plug Load > Refrigerators/Freezers 
7.8001.2 - Cleaning and Tuning Existing Refrigerators and Freezers 
Desired Outcome: Energy used for food preservation reduced 
7.8001.2a - Clean and tune 
Desired Outcome: Energy used for food preservation reduced 
Specification(s): Dirty or clogged coils will be cleaned Air flow to the coils will be provided in accordance with manufacturer specifications Appliance will be located away from heat sources (e.g., supply registers, direct sunlight) if possible Interior temperatures will be measured, and the appliance must maintain: 
 Freezer temperature at 0  Fresh food at 35-40 Specific information about the proper maintenance of the equipment will be provided to the occupant Condensation control switch will be left in the appropriate position, given occupant preference and moisture load in the house 
Objective(s): Reduce energy use Improve performance Educate occupant on how to operate and maintain the appliance 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Water Use Reduction 
 
7.8101.1 - Shower Head and Faucet Aerator 
Desired Outcome: Energy and water use reduced while occupant needs for water flow maintained 
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
7.8101.1a - Work assessment 
Desired Outcome: Energy and water use reduced while occupant needs for water flow maintained 
Specification(s): Installer pre-work assessment will be conducted to determine if plumbing needs correction before installing high-efficiency shower head or faucet 
Objective(s): Verify scope of work 
 
7.8101.1b - Selection 
Desired Outcome: Energy and water use reduced while occupant needs for water flow maintained 
Specification(s): The rated flow of new shower heads will be 2.5 gallons per minute (GPM) or less 
If multiple heads are provided, the total flow rate will not exceed 2.5 GPM 
Aerator flow rate will be 2.2 GPM or less 
Features will be selected that meet any special needs of the occupant (e.g., shut off, swivel, handheld showers) 
Objective(s): Reduce water and energy consumption 
Ensure occupant satisfaction 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Water Use Reduction 
 
7.8101.1d - Decommissioning 
 
7.8101.1c - Installation 
Desired Outcome: Energy and water use reduced while occupant needs for water flow maintained 
Specification(s): Equipment will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications and meet all applicable building codes 
Water quality will be evaluated for debris that may clog the equipment 
Once installed, high-efficiency shower heads or faucet aerators will be tested to determine if equipment is tightened adequately to prevent leakage at the point of connection 
If needed, shower diverter will be repaired or replaced 
Any penetrations to the exterior of the home created by the installation of the equipment will be sealed 
Any damage done to the house during installation will be repaired 
Specific information about proper maintenance of the equipment will be provided to the occupant 
Warranty information, operation manuals, and installer contact information will be provided to the occupant 
Water flow that satisfies the occupant will be provided by all shower heads and faucet aerators 
Occupant's acceptance of the shower head and/or aerator will be documented 
Objective(s): Reduce water and energy consumption 
Ensure occupant satisfaction with water flow 
Eliminate water leakage 
Prevent water damage 
 
7.8101.1d - Decommissioning 
Desired Outcome: 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Water Use Reduction 
 
7.8101.1d - Decommissioning 
 
Energy and water use reduced while occupant needs for water flow maintained 
Specification(s): Replaced shower heads and faucet aerators will be recycled or disposed of properly 
Objective(s): Prevent the reuse of inefficient equipment and components 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement 
 
7.8102.1 - Water Heater Selection 
Desired Outcome: Safe, reliable, and efficient hot water source selected that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership and operation 
 
7.8102.1a - Selection parameters 
Desired Outcome: Safe, reliable, and efficient hot water source selected that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership and operation 
Specification(s): Equipment will provide sufficient, affordable, safe, and healthy hot water for the occupant in accordance with IRC 
Potential for solar hot water heating or other renewable energy systems will be assessed in selecting the hot water equipment 
Potential for health and safety hazards (e.g., backdrafting, flame rollout, obstructions) will be assessed in selecting equipment and the cost of remedying such problems will be included in any cost and benefit calculations 
If a combustion based system is selected, it will be either direct vented or power vented, and ENERGY STAR qualified or an Energy Factor (EF) of 0.58 or higher 
If combustion equipment is selected, a low nitrogen oxide burner will be included 
Equipment will be functional at high efficiency under all load conditions 
Standby losses will be reduced to maximum potential 
Fuel type will be selected based on affordability to occupant 
Equipment will be freeze resistant or installed in a conditioned space 
Efficiency of equipment will be maintained throughout life of system 
Occupant control of hot water temperature will be provided on the equipment 
The following will be determined from the occupant: 
 
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 Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement 
 
7.8102.1b - Product selection 
 
 Lifestyle  Current and future needs  Space considerations  Fuel options  Health and safety considerations  Appliance options  Maintenance and operation costs  Return on investment concerns 
Objective(s): Save energy and water 
Protect the environment 
Identify appliance options based on the needs and wants of the occupant 
 
7.8102.1b - Product selection 
Desired Outcome: Safe, reliable, and efficient hot water source selected that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership and operation 
Specification(s): Water heater will be selected based on performance requirements of the occupant, available fuel sources, energy efficiency, and total life cycle cost 
In very cold climates, on-demand water heaters will be sized to meet the demand of water flow at very low water intake temperatures 
When evaluating an existing thermal solar water heating system, a solar expert should be consulted 
The proper installation and maintenance of solar hot water systems is provided in the Uniform Solar Energy Code (USEC) and IRC 
Objective(s): Ensure equipment meets the occupant's expectations while providing efficient energy and water use 
 
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 Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement 
7.8102.2 - Storage-Type Appliance 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
7.8102.2e - Expansion tank 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): Expansion tanks will be installed where required and in accordance with the AHJ 
Objective(s): Protect the storage tank from expansion 
 
Bad Practice 
Need to eliminate the valves between the storage tank and expansion tank 
 
Safe 
Expansion tank is installed on the cold water supply side 
 
Appropriate licensing for installer required. This specification applies only in the case of new and/or replacement systems. 
 
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 Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement 
 
7.8102.2f - Temperature and pressure relief valve 
 
7.8102.2f - Temperature and pressure relief valve 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): Correct temperature and pressure relief valve will be installed in compliance with IRC and according to manufacturer specifications 
Temperature and pressure relief valve discharge tube will be installed in accordance with IRC 
Objective(s): Discharge excessive energy (pressure or temperature) from storage tank to safe location 
 
 Before 
Water heaters should be not capped off at t&p valve 
 
 After 
T&P discharge should be piped to a safe and observable location 
 
Tools: 
1. Pipe wrench 2. Hacksaw 
 
Materials: 
1. PVC 2. Plumber's epoxy 
 
Check local jurisdictional codes. Paraphrased from 2012 IRC P2803.6.1: Temperature and pressure relief valve discharge pipes should not be connected to drainage system. T&P discharge pipes should be a clean line without valve or tee, flowing with gravity to an observable and safe location that cannot cause personal injury or structural damage -- the floor, an existing drain pan, a waste receptor, or to the outdoors. Pipe should not terminate more than 6" from floor, pan or waste receptor. 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement 
 
7.8102.2k - Discharge temperature 
 
GOOD: T&P discharge should be piped within 6" of the floor or to outdoors 
 
BAD: T&P discharge should flow with BAD: T&P discharge should not be 
 
gravity and be observable 
 
piped into drainage system 
 
7.8102.2k - Discharge temperature 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): Discharge temperature will be set not to exceed 120 or as prescribed by local code 
Objective(s): Ensure safe hot water supply temperature to fixtures 
 
Unsafe 
Water heaters producing water over 120 degrees raise heating costs 
Tools: 1. Thermometer 
 
Safe 
Water heaters should produce water under 120 degrees to prevent scalding 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement 
 
7.8102.2k - Discharge temperature 
 
1 
Test temperature of hot water at faucets in house 
 
2 
Hot water temperatures should not exceed 120 degrees Fahrenheit 
 
3 
Adjust water heater settings and insulate as needed 
 
4 
After adjustment and insulation, retest to verify temp is under 120 degrees 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement 
 
7.8102.3 - On-Demand Appliance 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
7.8102.3a - Hazardous material removal 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): Health concerns in the removal and replacement of equipment (e.g., asbestos, other hazardous materials) will be identified 
Written notification will be provided to occupants of the discovery of hazardous material, including contact information for regional EPA asbestos coordinator 
Occupants will be asked to contract with an EPA-certified asbestos contractor to conduct abatement before equipment removal and replacement (occupant is responsible for abatement or remediation) 
Objective(s): Remediate health hazards using EPA-certified contractors 
 
7.8102.3b - Equipment removal 
 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): Accepted industry procedures and practices will be followed to: 
 Remove old water heater and associated components in accordance with IRC  Seal any unused chimney openings and penetrations in accordance with IRC 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement 
 
7.8102.3c - New equipment installation 
 
 Remove unused oil tank, lines, valves, and associated equipment in accordance with IRC 
All work shall be completed by a licensed plumbing professional where required by the authority having jurisdiction and installed to industry-accepted standards 
Objective(s): Ensure the safety of the workers and occupants 
Preserve integrity of the building 
Remove old equipment in a timely and efficient manner 
 
7.8102.3c - New equipment installation 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): A new water heater and associated components will be installed to accepted industry standards, in accordance with the IRC, authority having jurisdiction and manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Ensure the safety of the workers and occupants 
Preserve integrity of the building 
Remove old equipment in a timely and efficient manner 
 
7.8102.3d - Emergency drain pan 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): An emergency drain pan and drain line shall be installed in accordance with the IRC 
Objective(s): Collect and safely dispose of water escaping from the storage tank 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement 
 
7.8102.3e - Temperature and pressure relief valve 
 
7.8102.3e - Temperature and pressure relief valve 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): Correct temperature and pressure relief valve will be installed in compliance with IRC and according to manufacturer specifications 
Temperature and pressure relief valve discharge tube will be installed in accordance with IRC 
Objective(s): Discharge excessive energy (pressure or temperature) from storage tank to safe location 
 
7.8102.3f - Dielectric unions 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): Dielectric unions will be installed to accepted industry standards, in accordance with the IRC and according to manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Break the stray voltage electrical circuit through the storage tank 
 
7.8102.3g - Backflow prevention and pressure regulator 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): Backflow prevention will be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
House water pressure and volume will be verified as sufficient to be in accordance with 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement 
manufacturer specifications All applicable codes will be followed Objective(s): Protect the water supply from contamination Provide for sufficient volume and pressure 
 
7.8102.3h - Thermal efficiency 
 
7.8102.3h - Thermal efficiency 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): Any accessible hot water lines at the appliance will be insulated to meet IRC or local requirements, whichever is greater. 
Objective(s): Reduce line losses 
 
7.8102.3i - Required combustion air 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): Electric or fossil fuel supply components will be installed to accepted industry standards as per IRC , NFGC and NFPA 31 and 54 for gas and oil, or NEC for electric 
Energy input required by the appliance will be in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
All on-demand appliances will be installed per manufacturer recommendations/specifications 
Objective(s): Ensure adequate combustion air for operation of the appliance 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement 
 
7.8102.3k - Flue gas testing 
 
7.8102.3j - Venting of flue gases 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): Combustion byproducts will be removed in accordance with IRC, authority having jurisdiction, and manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Ensure the safety and durability of the venting system 
 
7.8102.3k - Flue gas testing 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): Undiluted flue gases will be checked with a calibrated combustion analyzer in accordance with BPI-1100-T 
If combustion is not in compliance with BPI-1100-T, diagnostics and adjustments will be done to manufacturer specifications or local codes 
Objective(s): Confirm that combustion is occurring safely with maximum efficiency 
 
7.8102.3l - Electric and fossil fuel supply 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): Electric or fossil fuel supply components will be installed to accepted industry standards as per IRC, NFGC and NFPA 31 and 54 for gas and oil, or NEC for electric 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement 
 
7.8102.3m - Cold water supply 
 
Energy input required by the appliance will be in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Provide sufficient fuel to the water heater burner or element 
 
7.8102.3m - Cold water supply 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): The volume and pressure of the water supplied to the appliance will be in accordance with manufacturer specifications 
Objective(s): Provide sufficient volume and pressure of water to the appliance 
 
7.8102.3n - Discharge temperature 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): Discharge temperature will be set in accordance with manufacturer instructions and in compliance with local codes 
Use extreme caution when temperature setting is above 120F 
Objective(s): Ensure safe hot water supply temperature to fixtures 
 
7.8102.3o - Commissioning of system 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement 
 
7.8102.3p - Ambient carbon monoxide (CO) 
 
Specification(s): The following will be checked once the system has been connected and filled: 
 Safety controls  Combustion safety and efficiency  Operational controls  Fuel and water leaks  Cycle unit  Local code requirements 
Manufacturer specifications and all relevant industry standards will be met in commissioning 
Objective(s): Ensure system functions safely with lowest possible cost of ownership 
 
7.8102.3p - Ambient carbon monoxide (CO) 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): All homes will have a CO alarm 
Objective(s): Ensure occupant health and safety 
 
7.8102.3q - Occupant education 
Desired Outcome: Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership 
Specification(s): Completed work will be reviewed 
Occupants will be educated on the safe and efficient operation and maintenance of the system, including: 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Installation and Replacement 
 
7.8102.3q - Occupant education 
 
 Adjustment of water temperature and target temperature in accordance with local code  Operation of backflow preventer and pressure regulator (no occupant maintenance required)  Importance of keeping operating manuals accessible 
Objective(s): Ensure occupant is informed of the safe, efficient operation and maintenance of the system 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Maintenance/Inspection 
7.8103.1 - Storage-Type Appliance 
Desired Outcome: Safe, reliable, and efficient operation of the appliance maintained 
Note: The authority having jurisdiction may require that a licensed professional perform certain tasks outlined in this detail. 
7.8103.1a - Health and safety 
Desired Outcome: Safe, reliable, and efficient operation of the appliance maintained 
Specification(s): Combustion safety testing will be performed in accordance with the Health and Safety Chapter of the Standard Work Specifications for Single Family Housing or other equivalent practice 
Electrical components will be verified to comply with NEC (e.g., no electrical box connector, no disconnect, improperly sized breaker and wire) 
Objective(s): Identify potential health and safety issues 
 
 Before 
Complete combustion safety testing to ensure healthy, safe work environment 
 
 After 
When completed work, retest to verify home is still healthy and safe 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Maintenance/Inspection 
 
7.8103.1c - Thermal efficiency 
 
Tools: 
1. Personal CO monitor 2. Combustion analyzer with probe 3. Manometer 4. Smoke pencil 
 
Materials: 
1. CO alarm 2. Fasteners 
 
See also SWS 2.0201.1a-2.0299.1i for all Combustion Safety details and SWS 2.0100.1d for General Electrical Safety. 
 
7.8103.1c - Thermal efficiency 
Desired Outcome: Safe, reliable, and efficient operation of the appliance maintained 
Specification(s): Water heater storage tanks shall have a minimum R-value of R-24, unless the SIR to add insulation is less than 1.0 
Added insulation will not obstruct the unit's draft diverter, pressure relief valve, thermostats, hi-limit switch, plumbing pipes or elements, and thermostat access plates 
The first 6' of inlet and outlet piping will be insulated in accordance with IRC or local requirements, whichever is greater 
Objective(s): Reduce standby losses from near tank piping and storage tank 
Ensure insulation does not make contact with flue gas venting 
 
Standard water heaters have built-in insulation ranging from R-7 to R-20. 
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Best Practice 
Storage-type water heaters should be wrapped to bring total value to R-24 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Maintenance/Inspection 
 
7.8103.1e - Temperature and pressure relief valve 
 
Tools: 1. Utility knife 
 
Materials: 
1. Pipe wrap 2. Water heater blanket 3. Foil tape 4. Long zip ties 
 
Check occupant's water heater model to see what R-value is built-in 
 
Blanket does not obstruct draft diverter or plumbing pipes and elements 
 
Wrap does not obstruct ventilation, thermostat access plate, hi-limit switch, or fuel line 
 
Data plate should still be accessible after wrapping 
 
Both hot and cold water pipes should be insulated to R-3 for first 6ft 
 
7.8103.1e - Temperature and pressure relief valve 
Desired Outcome: Safe, reliable, and efficient operation of the appliance maintained 
Specification(s): Correct temperature and pressure relief valve will be installed in compliance with IRC and according to manufacturer specifications 
Temperature and pressure relief valve discharge tube will be installed in accordance with IRC 
 
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June 22, 2018 
 
 Baseload > Water Heating > Maintenance/Inspection 
 
7.8103.1e - Temperature and pressure relief valve 
 
Objective(s): Discharge excessive energy (pressure or temperature) from storage tank to safe location 
 
 Before 
Water heaters should be not capped off at t&p valve 
 
 After 
T&P discharge should be piped to a safe and observable location 
 
Tools: 
1. Pipe wrench 2. Hacksaw 
 
Materials: 
1. PVC 2. Plumber's epoxy 
 
Check local jurisdictional codes. Paraphrased from 2012 IRC P2803.6.1: Temperature and pressure relief valve discharge pipes should not be connected to drainage system. T&P discharge pipes should be a clean line without valve or tee, flowing with gravity to an observable and safe location that cannot cause personal injury or structural damage -- the floor, an existing drain pan, a waste receptor, or to the outdoors. Pipe should not terminate more than 6" from floor, pan or waste receptor. 
 
GOOD: T&P discharge should be piped within 6" of the floor or to outdoors 
 
BAD: T&P discharge should flow with BAD: T&P discharge should not be 
 
gravity and be observable 
 
piped into drainage system 
 
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