Georgia's guide to the Civil War, 2013 January

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GEORGIA'S

G CIDE TO THJ<~
CIVIL WAR

THE BATTLE OF
Cl-IICKAMAUGA SEPTEMBER 19-20, 1863
In the fall of 1863, some of the ha rdest fighting of the Civil War occurred in the fields and thick woods of northwest Georgia. The prize was Chattanooga, Tennessee, a key rail center and gateway to the Confederate heartland. On September 19, 1863, si xty-si x thousand Confederate troops under General Bra xton Bragg attempted to dislodge an army of fiftyeight thousand Federals under the command of Major General William S. Rosecrans south of Chattanooga at Crawfish Springs, Georgia. The ensuing engagement would become known as the Battle of Chickamauga, one of the major battles of the American Civil War. Fighting began early in the morning on September 19 between Federal infantry and Confederate cavalry and would spread throughout the day into a general engagement along the Lafayette Road. The opposing armies fought desperately al l day, often hand-to-hand, resulting in no clear advantage.
Du ring the next day's fighting, Rosecrans m istakenly ordered a troop movement that op ened a gap in the Federal line. The gap wa s o pe ned just as Confederate Lt. General James Lo ng street's corps, newly arrived from Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia, attacked at that very point. Longstreet's men smashed through the hole, rolling up the Federal line on both sides and routing half of Rosecrans ' army. Union General George H. Thomas rallied many of the retreating Federals and formed a new line of defense on Snodgrass Hill, also known as Horseshoe Ridge, staving off the destruction of the Union army. The defense line held against concentrated Confederate assaults, earning Thomas the nickname "Rock of Chickamauga."
After dark on September 20, the Union army withdrew from the field and retreated into Chattanooga . The next day, the Confederates pursued and occupied Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge, and the Chattanooga Valley. In, November 1863, Rosecrans ' replacement, Lt . General Ulysses S. Grant would drive Bragg 's army from around Chattanooga and back into Georgia, thus opening the way for the Atlanta Campaign the following spring.
Chickamauga wa s the bloodi est two-day battle of the war, costing the South 18,000 and the North 16,000 casualties. As an example of the decimation, one Confederate regiment, the 20th Georgia, lost seventeen of it s twenty-three officers in the battle. Chickamauga Creek had lived up to its Cherokee name " River of Death ."

CHICKAMAUGA AND CHATTANOOGA NATIONAL
M ILITARY PARK
In 1892, Congress authorized the purchase of 5,200 acres of land in northwest Georgia that now forms the Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park. This was the first major Civil War battlefield set aside as a memorial to the soldiers who fought there. The park was officially dedicated in 1895 by veterans both north and south. The visitor's center offers interpretive exhibits, a books store, and a multi-media program that gives detailed orientation of the battle. Outside, a display illustrates the various types of light field artillery used during the Chickamauga and Chattanooga campaign. The battlefield contains hundreds of monuments, interpretative tablets and wayside exhibits. Visitors can hike and bike along the trails.
Wilder Tower, Chickamauga Battlefield Courtesy of Bob Price

LEE AND GORD ON'S MILLS
Lee and Gordon's Mills, one of the oldest mills in Georgia, is located near the Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park at the confluence of Chickamauga Creek and Crawfish Springs. Landowner and entrepreneur James Gordon settled in Chickamauga in 1836 and built the Gordon-Lee Mansion. He owned the mill in partnership with his son-in-law James Lee. On September 9 and 10, 1863, the mill served as headquarters for Confederate General Braxton Bragg. When Bragg subsequently moved his headquarters south to LaFayette, Georgia, Union troops occupied the mill. Skirmishing occurred here between opposing forces from September 13 through 18, prior to the Battle of Chickamauga. During the battle the m ill served as a geographic reference point for troop movements. At the beginning of the Atlanta Campaign in May 1864, Union Major General James B. McPherson used the mill as a staging area for his move against Snake Creek Gap west of Resaca. In 1993, the mill was renovated to its Civil War era appearance. A museum displays photographs and artifacts from the Civil War.
Lee and Gor don 's Mills, Chickamauga Courtesy o f Library of Congress

GORDON-LEE NIANSIO N
In September 1863, James Gordon's mansion served as headquarters for Union Major General William S. Rosecrans and his chief of staff, futu re president of the United States James A. Garfield. Today, the Gordon-Lee Mansion is one of the few structures remaining from the battle.
Although Rosecrans came to occupy the house just prior to the battle, his army was spread out across many miles. Ironically, Confederate General Braxton Bragg, headquartered in John B. Gordon Hall in LaFayette, Georgia was closer to Rosecrans' men than Rosecrans himself. During the Battle of Chickamauga, the Gordon-Lee mansion was used as a hospital with wagons placed outside the windows to collect amputated limbs. After the battle, and the retreat of Rosecrans' army, Federal doctors were permitted to stay behind and continue tending to the enormous number of wounded from both sides that were brought there.
The Gordon-Lee Mansion was the site of a major post-war event, the reconciliatory 1889 Blue and Gray Barbeque where veterans of both armies dined together. Fourteen thousand veterans attended including generals John Brown Gordon and William S. Rosecrans. The Honorable Gordon Lee, the Seventh District U.S. congressman from Georgia who owned the home hosted the event.

AB LE STREIGH T'S RAID
AND THE CIVIL WAR IN ROME
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Founded shortly after the Land Lottery of 1832, Rome, Georgia is located at the convergence of the Etowah and Oostanaula Rivers and at the headwaters of the Coosa River. Like its Italian namesake, it's surrounded by seven hills. A prime site for water powered industry, factories produced goods for the Confederate war effort such as artillery, munitions and haversacks. Due to its importance as a supply center Rome became the target of several Federal offensives.
In late April and early May 1863, Federal Colonel Abel D. Streight, in command of 1,700 men and a caravan of seven hundred mules, set out on a raid across Alabama to Georgia with the intent of destroying the industrial capacity of Rome. Traveling through the frontier wilderness of northern Alabama, Streight and his men engaged in a five-day running battle with Major General Nathan Bedford Forrest's cava lry. Though outnumbered by Streight's force, Forrest and his battalion of five-hundred mounted soldiers captured the Federals and their mule train in eastern Alabama not far from the Georgia border. Forrest received a hero's welcome when he arrived in Rome on May 3, 1863 for saving the city.
Streight's raid brought the reality of the perils of war to the people of Rome. The city appropriated three thousand dollars for the construction of fortifications on three of the seven hills around the city. On August 21, 1863, the Rome Weekly Courier wrote, "the fort in Desoto shall be known as Fort Attaway. The fort in Hillsboro (Myrtle Hill) shall be known as Fort Stovall. The fort between Rome and Woodville shall be known as Fort Norton on Jackson Hill."
On May 15, 1864, Federal General Jefferson C. Davis' division marched on Rome. Davis' soldiers were met by General Samuel G. French's Confederate division arrayed in line of battle. Fighting ensued on May 17. Davis drove the Confederates into Rome but was halted by the

artillery of Fort Attaway. Davis then entrenched on Shorter Hill and fired on Confederate ships in the river. On May 19, the Confederates evacuated Rome and the Federal army took the city. Civil War sites in Rome include Fort Norton on Jackson Hill overlooking the Rome Visitors Center, Myrtle Hill Cemetery on South Broad Street at Myrtle Street and the Noble Brothers Foundry at the Rome Visitors Center.
For t Nor ton, Rome Courtesy of Bob Price
Myrt le Hill Cemetary, Rome Courtesy of Bob Price

cROSSROADs
OF CONFLICT
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Crossroads of Conflict: A Guide to Civil War Sites in Georgia contains information on more than 350 sites around the state. The book serves the dual purpose as a tou r guide and as an in-depth history of Civil War Georgia. Included are over 200 modern and period photographs, images, maps, GPS coordinates, and a detailed chronology of events as they unfolded during the four-year conflict.
Crossroads of Conflict is available at www.GACiviiWar.org, www.ugapress.org and select retail outlets.

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CIVIL WAR

This guide highlights just a sampling of the more t han 350 Civil War sites in Georgia. The locations featured are interpreted and open to the public.

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ATLANTA METRO
1. KENNESAW MOUNTAIN NATIONAL BATTLEFIELD PARK 900 Kennesaw Mountain Dr. Kennesaw, GA 30152 770-427-4686 www.nps.gov/kemo 33.968551N, 84.589698 W Kennesaw Mountain is the site of Sherman's most decisive defeat during the Atlanta Campaign. Miles of hiking trails follow the Confederate and Federal lines. The visitor's center includes a bookstore and an excellent museum and research facilities.
2. STONE MOUNTAIN PARK 1000 Robert E. Lee Blvd. Stone Mountain, GA 30087 770-798-5658 www.stonemountainpark.com 33.812463 N, 84.161929 W Home to the world's largest relief sculpture cut into the world's largest piece of exposed granite. The park is one of the United States' most popular attractions, hosting more than four million visitors annually. The Memorial Carving depicts Confederate notables: President Jefferson Davis, General Robert E. Lee and Lt. General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson.
3. STONE MOUNTAIN VILLAGE AND DEPOT 922 Main St., Stone Mountain, GA 30083 770-498-7334 www.stonemountainvillage.com 33.806541 N, 84.171294 W Stone Mountain Village was fought over during the Atlanta Campaign and burned on the first night of Sherman's March to the Sea. Two of the three Confederate hospitals are still here. The depot, built in 1857, was partially destroyed by Union troops and is still in use today as the village's police department. Stone Mountain Vi llage also has a large Confederate cemetery. The village recently erected a monument of "Sherman's Neckties," twisted pieces of railroad track.
4. MARIETTA CONFEDERATE CEMETERY 395 Powder Springs St., Marietta, GA 30060 770-794-5606 www.mariettaga.gov 33.945804 N, 84.549583 W Founded in 1863, the Marietta Confederate Cemetery is the final resting place for more than 3,000 soldiers from all of the Southern states. Many of the soldiers killed in the Atlanta Campaign are buried here.
5. MARIETTA NATIONAL CEMETERY Cole St. & Washington Ave. Marietta, GA 30060 770-428-5631 www.mariettasquare.com 33.951304 N, 84.541236 W Founded in 1866, more than 10,000 Federal causalities from the Atlanta Campaign are buried in this historic cemetery.
6. THE MARIETTA GONE WITH THE WIND MUSEUM: SCARLETT ON THE SQUARE 18 Whitlock Ave., Marietta, GA 30064 770-794-5576 www.gwtwmarietta.com 33.952378 N, 84550889 W The Marietta Gone with the Wind Museum: Scarlett on the Square houses an original collection of movie memorabilia.
MARIETTA MUSEUM OF HISTORY One Depot St., Suite 200 Marietta, GA 30060 770-528-0431 www.mariettahistory.org 33.952785 N, 84.550545 W Built in 1845 as a cotton warehouse, it became the Fletcher House Hotel in 1855. During the Civil War, the hotel served as a hospital for both Confederates and Federals. In 1862, Andrews' Raiders spent the night here. General Sherman also used the building as a temporary headquarters in 1864.

8. MARGARET MITCHELL HOUSE 990 Peachtree St., Atlanta, GA 30309 404-249-7015 www.margaretmitchellhouse.com 33.781494 N, 84.3843712 W This is where Margaret Mitchell wrote her 1936 Pulitzer-prize-winning novel. Set on a two-acre site in Midtown Atlanta, the Tudor Revival building was built in 1899 and was known by Mitchell as "the dump." The birthplace of Gone with the Wind is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
9. ROAD TO TARA MUSEUM 104 N. Main St., Jonesboro, GA 30236 800-662-7829 www.visitscarlett.com 33.772883 N, 84.3843711 W Experience the legendary land of Gone with the Wind in Scarlett O'Hara's fictional hometown of Jonesboro. The museum contains memorabilia from the movie as well as Civil War artifacts.
10. ATLANTA CYCLORAMA 800 Cherokee Ave. S.E., Atlanta, GA 30315 404-658-7625 www.atlantacyclorama.org 33.734178 N, 84.371613 W Located in Atlanta's Grant Park, the Cyclorama depicts the July 22, 1864 Battle of Atlanta in what is purported to be the world's largest painting. The Cyclorama houses the locomotive the Texas from the Great Locomotive Chase of 1862 as well as many other Civil War artifacts.
11. ATLANTA HISTORY CENTER 130 West Paces Ferry Rd., Atlanta, GA 30305 404-814-4000 www.atlantahistorycenter.com 33.841848 N, 84.386333 W The Atlanta History Center's exceptional museum collection includes thousands of items that tell the story of Atlanta, the state of Georgia, and the South. It is home to one of the nation's largest exhibitions on the Civil War featuring more than 1,500 original artifacts, photographs, dioramas, videos, and interactive components.
12. OAKLAND CEMETERY 248 Oakland Ave., Atlanta, GA, 30312 404.658.6019 www.oaklandcemetery.com 33.748074 N, 84.375092 W This historic cemetery contains the graves of many notables including five Confederate generals and thousands of Civil War soldiers. The grave of Margaret Mitchell is one of the most visited in the cemetery.
13. ROSWELL'S SOUTHERN TRILOGY 617 Atlanta Street Roswell, GA 30075 800-776-7935 www.visitroswellga.com 34.015343 N, 84.362790 W In Roswell, Union Troops headquartered in homes, burned mills, set up hospitals and shipped 400 female mill workers north to uncertain fates. Barrington Hall, Bulloch Hall and Smith Plantation tell these stories and more of the American South. A Mill Village Tour and app are available.
14. STATELY OAKS PLANTATION 100 Carriage Ln., Jonesboro, GA 30236 770-473-0197 www.historicaljonesboro.org 33.471949 N, 84.340915 W Stately Oaks Plantation is a Greek Revival antebellum home near the site of the Battle of Jonesboro, the battle that sealed the fate of the city of Atlanta.
15. SOUTHERN MUSEUM OF CIVIL WAR AND LOCOMOTIVE HISTORY 2829 Cherokee St., Kennesaw, GA 30144 770-427-2117 www.southernmuseum.org 34.023519 N, 84 .614137 W Take a trip back in time for a glimpse into the daily lives of Americans during the nineteenth century. A reproduction of a turn-of-the-century locomotive factory and an exciting depiction of the Civil War's Great Locomotive Chase can be found here. The Museum is home to the General locomotive, made famous during the Great Locomotive Chase on April12, 1862.

COAST
16. FORT MCALLISTER STATE PARK 3894 Ft. McA llister Rd., Richmond Hill, GA 31324 912-727-2339 www.gastateparks.org 31.892359 N, 81.195982 W Located south of Savannah on the banks of the Great Ogeechee River, this fort is one of the best preserved earthwork fortifications remaining from the Civil War.
17. FORT PULASKI NATIONAL MONUMENT U.S. Hwy. 80 E., Savannah, GA 31401 912-786-5787 www.nps.gov/fopu 32 .027561 N, 80.891523 W Fort Pulaski was constructed under t he d irection of a young Robert E. Lee, graduate of West Point. During the Civil War, the masonry walls of Fort Pulaski were breeched by fire from rifled cannon, and the fort was forced to capitulate to Federal forces on April11, 1862. This engagement was a turning point in military history as it ended the era of the masonry fortification due to improvements in weaponry. Fort Pulaski was in Federal hands for the remainder of the war.
18. OLD FORT JACKSON 1 Ft. Jackson Rd., Savannah, GA 31404 912-232-3945 www.chsgeorgia.org 32 .080165 N, 81 .008077 W Constructed in 1808, Fort Jackson is the oldest masonry fort in Georgia. Designed to cover the Savannah River, the fort did not fall until after the capitulation of Fort McAllister on the Ogeechee River. The Confederate ironclad, Georgia is moored off of Fort Jackson, and remains riverbed beside the fort.
19. MIDWAY CHURCH AND MUSEUM Hwy. 17 Midway, GA 31320 912-884-5837 www.themidwaymuseum.org 31.806143 N, 81.431815 W Built in 1756, the Midway Church was burned during the American Revolution and rebuilt in 1792. During the Civil War, Union cavalry used the Midway Church as headquarters for a month in 1864 while destroying plantat ions and railroads in the surrounding area. The Midway Museum includes exhibits and information on the Civil War.
20. GREEN - MELDRIM HOUSE 1 W. Macon St., Savannah, GA 31401 912-232-1251 www.stjohnssav.org 32.073264 N, 81 .094834 W Built in 1852, the Parish House, formerly known as the Green-Meldrim House, was General Sherman's headquarters during the occupation of Savannah.
21. SECOND A FRICAN BAPTI ST CHURCH 123 Houston St., Savannah, GA 31401 912-233-6163 www.secondafrican.org 32.076707 N, 81.086360 W Founded in 1802, the Second African Baptist Church is an important historic African American Church where General Sherman made his famou s "Forty Acres and a Mule" proclamation from the church steps to the newly freed slaves.
21A. JERUSALEM EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH 2966 Ebenezer Rd., Springfield, GA 31326 912-667-1844 www.effga.com 81.1809620 N, 32.376547 W Built in 1767 the Jerusalem Evangelical Lutheran Church was built by the German Salzburgers. It is the oldest continuous Lutheran congregation in the country. Located in the colonial town of New Ebenezer, the church was occupied by the British during the Revolutionary War and the Federal army during the Civil War.

21B. EBENEZER CREEK CROSSING INCIDENT 2966 Ebenezer Rd ., Springfield, GA 31326 912-667-1844 www.effinghamcounty.com 81 .1809620 N, 32.376547 W A number of freed blacks that had been following the army on Sherman's March to the Sea were stranded on the northern bank of Ebenezer Creek. Some of the stranded jumped into the f looded creek and drowned. Genera l Sherman's famous "Field Order #15" t hat included the clause "Forty Acres and a Mu le" was a resu lt of the incident. A historical marker at the Jerusalem Evangelical Church describes t he infamous Ebenezer Creek Crossing Incident.
21C. GUYTON At the intersection o f GA Hwy 119 and GA Hwy 17 912-667-1844 www.effinghamcounty.com 81.391670 N, 32.336110 W In early 1862, Guyton was the site of a large Confederate training camp known as Camp Davis . The camp closed in 1862, but the camp's hospital remained open. By 1863, the Guyton Confederate General Hospital encompassed nine acres and served thousands of patients.
General Patrick Cleburne, Ringgold Courtesy of Allison Turner-Hansen
Georgia's Guide to the Civil War is produced by the Georgia Department of Economic Development.
GACiviiWar.org #GACiviiWar

D CLASSIC
SOUTH
22. A.H . STEPHENS STATE HISTORIC PARK 456 Alexander St., N., Crawfordville, GA 30631 706-456-2602 www.gastateparks.org 33.563429 N, 82.910087 W Named after the vice president of the Confederacy and Governor of Georgia, A. H. Stephens State Historic Park features a Confederate museum with Civil War artifacts. Stephens' home, Liberty Hall, is renovated to its 1875 style, fully furnished and open for tours.
23. ROBERT TOOMBS HOUSE STATE HISTORIC SITE 216 E. Robert Toombs Ave . Washington, GA 30673 706-678-2226 www.washingtonwilkes.org 33.736393 N, 82.733976 W The Robert Toombs House is the restored antebe ll um home of t he statesman and radical secessionist. Toombs also served as a Confederate general and refused to have his U.S. citizenship reinstated after the Civil War. He became known as the "unreconstructed rebel."
24 . WASHINGTON HI STORICAL MUSEUM 308 E. Robert Toombs Ave. Washington, GA 30673 706-678-2105 www.washingtonwilkes.org 33.735994 N, 82 .731971 W This historic home and museum features a collection of Civil War relics from the United Daughters of the Confederacy.
2S. BROWN HOUSE MUSEU M 268 N. Harris St., Sandersville, GA 31082 478-552 -1 965 www.washingtoncounty-ga.com 32.987523 N, 82.810117483482W Restored to orig inal condition, the Brown House was used as headquarters for Federa l officers during the occupation and fighting around Sandersvil le. General Sherman is said to have slept here.
26. MAGNOLIA SPRINGS STATE PARK Hwy. 25 N., 1053 Magnolia Dr., Millen, GA 30442 478-982-1660 or 800-864-7275 w ww. g a stateparks .o rg 32.886825 N, 81.955671 W Home to the site of the Confederate prison, Camp Lawton was the largest prison camp du ring t he Civil War. Camp Lawton held p ri soners transferred from Andersonville's Camp Sumter during Sherman's March to th e Sea.

27. U.S. ARSENAL-AUGUSTA STATE UNIVERSITY 2500 Walton Way, Augusta , GA 30904 706-737-1405 www.aug.edu 33.478313 N, 82.025719 W Bui lt in 1819 by t he U.S. government, the arsena l was taken over by the Confederates. It was later returned to the Federal government, and the arsena l remained in operation until 1955 .
28. AUGUSTA MUSEUM OF HISTORY 560 Reynolds St. , Augusta, GA 30901 706-722-8454 www.augustamuseum.org 33.474438 N, 81.960724 W The museums's award-winning exhibits include Augusta 's Story and the histo ry of the area from t he pre-colonial era through the Civ il War.
29. THE BOYHOOD HOME OF PRESIDENT WOODROW WILSON 419 Seventh St. , Augusta, GA 30901 706-722-9828 www.wilsonboyhoodhome.org 33.471726 N, 81.965241 W President Woodrow Wilson's boyhood home has been fu ll y restored and is fil led with family heirlooms and artifacts. It serves as a house museum depicting the life of t he 28th President as a boy growing up in Georgia during the Civ il War and Reconstruction.
30. CONFEDERATE POWDER WORKS CHIMNEY 1717 Goodrich St., Augusta , GA 30904 706-823-0440 www.augustacanal.com 33.487210 N, 81 .991850 W Built by the Confederate States of America, this smokestack and massive powder works supp lied the Confederate armies in the f ield with gunpowder. The tower is the o nly remaining structure from the Confederate Powder Works.
31. WOMEN OF THE SIXTIES MONUMENT 111 Railroad St., Thomson, GA 30824 706-597-1000 www.exploremcduffiecounty.com 33.466635 N, 82 .500357 W One of the few monuments ded icated to the role women p layed in the Confederacy.

HISTORIC HEARTLAND
32. DOUBLE-BARRELED CANNON City Hal l, Co llege St. and Hancock St. At hens, GA 30601 800-653-0603 www.visitathensga.com 33.957240 N, 83 .373960 W The double-barreled cannon was bu ilt at the local foundry in 1863 when an anxious community feared attack by invading No rthern armies. The double-barreled design was fl awed and was not used in battl e. Today, it st and s o n the lawn of City Hall.
33. TAYLOR-GRADY HOUSE 634 Prince Ave., Athens, GA 30601 706-549-8688 www.taylorgradyhouse.com 33.970570 N, 83.388683 W This Greek Reviva l home was bui lt in 18 4 4. As a grand summer ret rea t it se rved as t he collegiate home of journa list Henry W. Grady, who is credited with establ ish ing the view o f the New South after the Civil War. This Natio nal Historic Landmark is now a house muse um .
34. HERITAGE HALL 277 S. Main St. , Madison, GA 30650 706-342-9627 www.friendsofheritagehall.org 33.594783 N, 83.468930 W Heritage Hall, also known as t he Jo hnstonJones-Manley Ho use, was b uilt aro un d 1811 b y Dr. William Johnston, a prom inent Mad ison physician . The house is the home of t he Madison-Morgan Historical Society.
35. GEORGIA'S OLD CAPITAL MUSEUM 201 E. Greene St., Milledgevil le, GA 31061 478-453-1803 www.oldcapitalmuseum.org 33.078754 N, 83.224598 W The fourth capita l of Georgia, Mil ledgevi ll e, was named for John Milledge, Governor of Georgia. Mil ledgeville served as the capital duri ng the Civil War. Georg ia's O ld Capita l Mu seu m is located in t he bu il ding w here Georg ia legislators voted to secede from the Union on January 19, 1861. The O ld Capitol Buildi ng was the first public building designed in t he Got hic Revival style.
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36. OLD GOVERNOR'S MANSION 120 S. Clarke St., Milledgeville, GA 31061 478-445-4545 www.gcsu.edu/mansion 33.079641 N, 83.231613 W Serving as the residence for Georgia's chief executives for more than thirty years, the Mansion's history encompasses the antebellum, Civil War, and early Reconstruction phases of the state's history. During the Civil War, the Mansion was claimed as a "prize" in the March to the Sea, when General William T Sherman headquartered in the building on November 22, 1864.
37. LOCKERLY HALL 1534 Irwinton Rd., Milledgeville, GA 31061 478-452-2112 www.lockerly.org 33.064654 N, 83.223724 W The Greek Revival home circa 1839, is the centerpiece of the Lockerly Arboretum. The mansion is a significant example of the finest plantation architecture of the Milledgeville area as well as the entire cotton belt of the Old South.
38. MARLOR HOUSE 201 N. Wayne St., Milledgeville, GA 31061 478-452-3950 www.milledgevillealliedarts.com 33 .088312 N, 83 .227680 W In 1830, John Marlor, a famous local architect, built this house as a wedding present for his wife. The John Marlor house serves as the headquarters for three historic houses making up the Milledgeville-Baldwin County Allied Arts Center.
39. BROWN-STETSON-SANFORD HOUSE 601 W. Hancock, Milledgeville, GA 31061 800-652-1804 www.milledgevillecvb.com 33.079578 N, 83 .235443 W John Marlor, a famous local architect, built this federal style house in 1825. It is a prime example of plantation architecture with a beautiful Palladian double portico and original pilasters.
40. MEMORY HILL CEMETERY-MILLEDGEVILLE Liberty & Franklin Sts., Milledgeville, GA 31061 800-653-1804 www.visitmilledgeville.org 33.075815 N, 83.2291000 W Memory Hill is the oldest burial ground in Milledgeville and the resting place of many Georgia legislators, college presidents, slaves, patriots of 1812, Confederate soldiers, writer Flannery O'Connor and wild-west outlaw Bill Miner.

41. OLD CLINTON HISTORIC DISTRICT 110 S. Jefferson St., Gray, GA 31032 478-986-1123 www.jonescounty.org 32.999302003981 N, 83.556838 W This pre-Civil War hamlet is the "town that time forgot" with a number of buildings and historic sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Civil War cavalry action occurred in and around Old Clinton.
42. GRISWOLDVILLE BATTLEFIELD U.S. 80 and GA Hwy 57, Twiggs County, GA 31032 478-986-5172 www.gastateparks.org 32.869661 N, 83.459888 W Griswoldville Battlefield is the site of the only major infantry battle fought between Union and Confederate forces during General Sherman's March to the Sea .
43. JARRELL PLANTATION STATE HISTORIC SITE 711 Jarrell Plantation Rd ., Juliette, GA 31046 478-986-5172 www.gastateparks.org 33.052910 N, 83 .723511 W This cotton plantation was owned by a single family for more than 140 years. It survived General Sherman 's March to the Sea, typhoid fever, Emancipation, Reconstruction, the boll weevil, the advent of steam power and a transition from farming to forestry.
44. T.R.R. COBB HOUSE 175 Hill St., Athens, GA 30601 706-369-3513 www.trrcobbhouse.org 33 .959900 N, 83 .385200 W Thomas Reade Rootes (T.R.R.) Cobb was a UGA graduate, co-founder of the UGA law school, a Confederate brigadier general, and principal author of the Confederate Constitution . In 1862, T.R.R. Cobb was killed at the Battle of Fredericksburg. Open to the public as a house museum, it has been restored to reflect the styles of 1852-1862.
45. CANNONBALL HOUSE & MUSEUM 856 Mulberry St. , Macon, GA 31201 478-745-5982 www.cannonballhouse.org 32 .840125 N, 83 .632062 W Built in 1853, this antebellum Greek revival home is complete with period furnishings and the original brick kitchen. The house was named in honor of being struck by a cannonball during Federal General Stoneman's raid on Macon in July 1864.

46. ROSE HILL CEMETERY 1071 Riverside Dr., Macon, GA 3120 4 478-751-9119 www.maconga.org 32 .847372 N, 83 .634202 W Listed on the National Register of Historic Places, this is one of the oldest surviving public cemetery/ parks in the United States . Many famous Macon citizens are interred here, including more than si x hundred Civil War soldiers, Confederate Civil War Generals Alford H. Colquitt and Edward D. Tracy here.
D HISTORIC HIGH
COUNTRY
47. BATTLE OF ALLATOONA PASS NEAR RED TOP MOUNTAIN STATE PARK 50 Lodge Rd ., Cartersville, GA 30121 770-975-4226 www.visitcartersvillega.org/na/Battle_of_ Allatoona_Pass 34.114241 N, 84.715610 W Allatoona Pass, an important supply depot on the Western and Atlantic Railroad was the site of a ferocious battle on October 5, 1864. The headquarters for the site is at Red Top Mountain State Park.
48. GORDON LEE MANSION 217 Cove Rd. , Chickamauga, GA 30707 800-487-4728 www.gordonleemansion.com 34.871449 N, 85.294272 W An antebellum plantation house set on a hilltop with seven acres of property, it was used as Federal headquarters for General Rosecrans prior to the Battle of Chickamauga and a hospital during the battle.
49. CONFEDERATE CEMETERYBATTLE OF RESACA Confederate Cemetery Rd ., NE Resaca, GA 30735 706-625-3200 www.resacabattlefield.org 34.767187 N, 84.979132 W Resaca was the first major battle of the Atlanta Campaign involving nearly 150,000 men. It was the only engagement during the campaign where all of the combined forces of each army faced each other. In 1866, the cemetery was founded and it contains the remains of Confederate casualties from the Battle of Resaca May 15-17 1864.

50. KINGSTON WOMAN'S HISTORY MUSEUMS 13 E Main St., Kingston, GA 30145 770-336-0380 www.visitcartersvillega.org/na/Kingston_ Women's_History_Museums 34.235083 N, 84.946194 W The museum contains artifacts found in and around Kingston following the Civil War
51. ADAIRSVILLE HISTORY MUSEUM 101 Publ ic Square, Adairsville, GA 30103 770-773-1775 www.adairsvilledepot.com 34 .367179 N, 84.934710 W The historic depot contains a museum and photo ga ll ery of local history detailing Adairsville 's role in the Great Locomotive Chase.
52. BARTOW HISTORY MUSEUM 4 East Church St., Cartersvi ll e, GA 30120 770-382-3818 www.bartowhistorymuseum.org 34.166640 N, 84 .795131 W The Bartow History Museum offers interactive exhibits featuring the area's cultura l, commerc ial and agricultural hi story since the 1840s.
53. COOPER'S IRON WORKS River Rd., Cartersville, GA 30120 678-721-6700 www.visitcartersvillega.org/na/ The_Biue_and_Gray_in_Bartow 34.158309 N, 84 .770616 W Cooper's Iron Works manufactured iron for the Confederacy. The iron works were destroyed by the Federal army during the Atlanta Campaign . Today, the massive stone furnace is the only remnant of this once thriving indu strial complex.
54. DALTON DEPOT 110 Depot St. , Dalton, GA 30720 706-226-3160 www.thedaltondepot.net 34.773726 N, 84 .967319 W Built in 1847, the Dalton Depot was used by th e railroad unti11978. The nationally registered historic landmark is now an upscale restaurant and lounge.
55. RINGGOLD DEPOT 155 Depot St., Ringgold , GA 30736 706-965-5201 www.cityofringgold.com 34.915415 N, 85 .107677 W This antebellum depot is the backdrop of the Great Locomotive Chase and was sign ificant in transporting Confederate soldiers. The depot was damaged during the Battle of Ringgold Gap in November 1863.
56. CHICKAMAUGA AND CHATTANOOGA NATIONAL MILITARY PARK 3370 LaFayette Rd. , Fort Oglethorpe, GA 30742 706-866-9241 www.nps.gov/chch 34.918213 N, 85.260286 W This is the nation's oldest, largest and most v isited national military park. The Battle of Chickamauga, named after the Ch ickamauga Creek which flowed nearby, was fought September 19-20, 1863 and involved more than 110,000 soldiers . The 5,300 acre Chickamauga Battlefield, scene of the last major Confederate v ictory of the Civil War, contains numerous monuments, historical tablets, wayside ex hibits, and trails.
57. DUG GAP BATTLE PARK W. Dug Gap Battle Rd ., Dalton, GA 30720 800-331-3258 www.daltoncvb.com/aboutdalton /civil-war-history/ 34.742833 N, 85.015054 W Built by Civil War soldiers during the Atlanta Campaign, the Confederates successfully held off Union attacks on May 8, 1864. The park contai ns more than 1,200 feet of the original stone wall the Confederates built.
58. PICKETT'S MILL BATTLEFIELD STATE HISTORIC SITE 4432 Mt. Tabor Church Rd ., Dallas, GA 30157 770-443-7850 www.gastateparks.org 33.979970 N, 84.773068 W Located on 750 acres, Pickett's Mill is one of the best preserved Civil War battlefields in the nation. Visitors can tra ve l roads used by Federal and Confederate troops, see earthworks, and walk through the same ravine where hundreds of Federals died.
59. QUEEN CHAPEL CHURCH 105 Johnson Street, Kingston, GA 30145 800-733-2280 www.visitcartersvillega.org 34.231808 N, 84.946562 W Established in the 1870s, the original church sat on the site of today's Queen Chapel Church. Recent genealogical research and primary source oral history have revealed that Melvinia Shields (Mattie McGruder) is buried here. Born into slavery in 1844, records indicate her to be the great, great, great grandmother of Michelle Obama, the First Lady of the United States.

60. TUNNEL HILL HERITAGE CENTER AND HISTORIC RAILROAD TUNNEL 215 Clisby Austin Rd ., Tunnel Hill, GA 30755 800-331-3258 or 706-876-1571 www.tunnelhillheritagecenter.com 34.839278 N, 85 .037799 W The Western and Atlantic Railroad tunnel is one of the oldest railroad tunnels in the South. During the Civil War, the tunnel played a part in the Great Locomotive Chase and was the location of the first fighting of the Atlanta Campaign. The Heritage Center Museum and Clisby Austin House, where Confederate General Hood recuperated after his wound at the Battle of Chickamauga, are open to the public.
61. CONFEDERATE CEMETERY AND MEMORIAL WALL Emory St. in West Hill Cemetery Dalton, GA 30720 800-331-3258 www.daltoncvb.com/aboutdalton/civil-warhistory 34.766191 N, 84.979389 W This cemetery is the final resting place for 421 Confederate and four unknown Union so ldi ers. A Memorial Wall li st ing the names of the deceased stands in their honor.
62. OAKLEIGH 335 South Wall St., Calhoun, GA 30701 706-629-1515 34.498494 N, 84.951732 W This antebellum house served as General Sherman's headquarters during his march through Calhoun.
63. OLD STONE CHURCH MUSEUM Corner of U.S. Hwy. 41 and GA Hwy. 2 Ringgold, GA 30736 706-935-5232 www.oldstonechurch.org 34 .906454 N, 85.076947 W Used as a Civil War hospital after the Battle of Ringgold Gap, it was recently restored and now houses a Civil War museum. The wooden floor remains bloodstained from its use as a hospital.
64. OAK HILL CEMETERY North Erwin St. and Hwy. 29 Cartersville, GA 30120 770-606-8862 www.cityofcartersville.org 34.175642 N, 84.808200 W Founded in 1838, politicos William and Rebecca Felton, evangelist Sam Jones, humorist Bill Arp, U.S. Attorney General Amos Akerman, numerous other politicians and Civil War soldiers are buried in this historic cemetery.
D 1v1AGNOLIA
MIDLANDS
65. HERITAGE STATION MUSEUM 219 West Ward St., Douglas, GA 31533 912-389-3461 www.cityofdouglas.com 31.508947 N, 82.852047 W This historic museum is located in the old G&F Railroad Depot. It is dedicated to the history of the railroad in Douglas and Coffee counties.
65A. ORANGE HILL CEMETERY 620 N. Dooley Street, Hawkin svill e, GA 30904 4 78-783-1717 www.hawkinsvillechamber.org 32 .291272 N, 82.025719 W Estab lished in the 1830s, Orange Hill Cemetery contains the graves of several hundred Confederate soldiers including Seaborn Manning, colonel of the 49th Georgia Volunteer Infantry. Most of the Confederate burials are unknown.
NORTHEAST MOUNTAINS
66. ALTA VISTA CEMETERY & LONGSTREET GRAVESITE 521 Jones St. (Jesse Jewell Pkwy.) Gainesville, GA 30501 770-531-6598 www.gainesville.org/alta-vista-cemetery 34.289015 N, 83.835579 W A large granite monument and American flag mark the final resting place of Lt. General James Longstreet, CSA. He was General Robert E. Lee's seco nd in command during the Civil War.
67. BANKS COUNTY HISTORIC COURTHOUSE 106 Yonah Homer Rd., Homer GA 30547 706-677-6800 www.bankscountyga.org 34.107730 N, 82 .710762 W Constructed, in part by slave labor circa 1859, this beautiful Greek Revival building is one of the four oldest courthouses in Georgia. Construction was delayed due to the Civil War, the courthouse now houses the Banks County Historical Society Museum as well as the Banks county Chamber and CVB.

68. CRAWFORD W. LONG MUSEUM 28 College St., Jefferson GA 30549 706-367-5307 www.crawfordlong.org 34.118175 N, 83 .572682 W The Crawford W. Long Museum honors this Georgia physician who is credited as the first physician to use ether for surgica l purposes. During the Civil War, Dr. Long served as a surgeo n for the Confederate army. The museum hou ses Long 's medical instruments, furniture and personal papers.
D PLANT ATION
T RACE
69. JEFFERSON DAVIS MEMORIAL HISTORIC SITE 338 Jeff Davis Park Rd. , Fitzgerald, GA 31750 229-831-2335 www.gastateparks.org 31 .663734 N, 83.387031 W On May 10, 1865, Jefferson Davis and family were captured by a Federal cavalry at thi s site. Today, a monument marks the spot where he was arrested. Visitors ca n tour the 13-acre historic site that includes a museum and short trail.
70. BLUE & GRAY MUSEUM 116 North Johnston St., Fitzgera ld, GA 31750 800-386-4642 www.fitzgeraldga.org 31.715789 N, 83 .257882 W Located in a historic railroad depot, the Blue & Gray Museum has been renovated and redesigned to reveal the remarkable story of the founding of Fitzgerald by Union Civil War veterans.
70A. ORIGINAL CONFEDERATE FLAGPOLE 52 Court Square, Blakely, GA 31723 229-724-7222 earlycountymuseum.com 31.22360 N, 84.56200 W On May 16, 1861, the Confederate government erected this flagpole on the courthouse lawn. Still there today, it is considered the only remaining Confederate flagpole.
71. ALBANY BRIDGE HOUSE HOME OF THE ALBANY WELCOME CENTER 112 N. Front St., Albany, GA 31701 229-317-4760 www.visitalbanyga.com 31.577373 N, 84.147803 W Built in 1857 by African American master craftsman Horace King, the bridge house was used to store supplies for the Confederate navy during the Civil War.
72. LOWNDES COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY MUSEUM 305 West Central Ave., Valdosta , GA 31601 22 9 -24 7-4780 www.valdostamuseum.org 30.830500 N, 83.282800 W Thi s museum contains information and exhibits featuring Valdosta 's place as a refugee city during the Civil War. Uniforms and artifacts are on display, and the museum contains a manuscript collection and memoirs from Lowndes County war participants.
72A. THOMASVILLE PRISONER OF WAR CAMP Wolfe St., Thomasville, GA 31792 229-228-7977 www.thomasvillega.com 83 .997197 N, 84.558777 W Constructed in the fall of 1864, this site held 5,000 Union prisoners of war who were evacuated from the prison camp at Andersonville. The seven acre camp was surrounded by a boundary ditch much of which is st ill evident today.
72B. QUITMAN-BROOKS MUSEUM AND CULTURAL CENTER 121 N. Culpepper St., Quitman, GA 31729 229-263-6000 brookscountymcc@windstream.net www.quitmangeorgia.com 30.785590 N, 83.558777 W Home to an impressive collection of artifacts including the flag of the county's Confederate regiment, the Piscola Volunteers. The flag was returned to Brooks County after the war's end by the regiment's young flag bearer. The flag is now property of the United Daughter's of the Confederacy and can be see n in the museum.
D PRESIDENTIAL
PATHWAYS
73. ANDERSONVILLE NATIONAL CEMETERY AND HISTORIC SITE 496 Cemetery Rd ., Andersonville, GA 3171 1 229-924-0343 www.nps.gov/ande 32 .197918 N, 84.129335 W Camp Sumter, commonly cal led Andersonville, was one of the largest Confederate mil itary prisons during the Civil War. Built in early 1864, more than 45,000 Union so ldiers were confined here during the 14 months the prison was open. More than 13,000 of the prisoners died during captivity. Today, Andersonville National Historic Site is a memorial to all American prisoners of war throughout the nation's history.

74. ANDERSONVILLE CIVIL WAR VILLAGE 109 Church St. , Andersonville, GA 31711 229-924-2558 www.andersonvillegeorgia.com 32.196030 N, 84.142488 W Andersonville Village was once the disembarkation point for all prisoners of war to be incarcerated at Andersonville. Prisoners marched a quarter-mile from the railroad depot to the prison. A number of Civil War-related businesses can be found in the village.
75. DRUMMER BOY MUSEUM 109 E. Church St., Andersonville, GA 31711 229-924-2425 www.andersonvillegeorgia.com 32 .196030 N, 84.142488 W Artifacts at the museum include Civil War uniforms, guns, edged weapons, documents, and a diorama of the prison as it looked in 1864.
76. NATIONAL CIVIL WAR NAVAL MUSEUM AT PORT COLUMBUS 1002 Victory Dr., Columbus, GA 31901 706-327-9798 www.portcolumbus.org 32.445796 N, 84.976226 W Vis itors can stand at the bow of the CSS Jackson, the largest surviving scratch-made ironclad ship in the world. This innovative museum includes a full-size iron clad Civil War simulator. Visitors can explore Northern and Southern naval operations used during the Civil War.
77. NATIONAL INFANTRY MUSEUM AND SOLDIER CENTER 1775 Legacy Way, Columbus, GA 31903 706-685-5800 www.nationalinfantrymuseum.com 32.380945 N, 84.957064 W This 190,000 square-foot museum boasts a collection of more than 70,000 artifacts from more than 236 years of American military history. Located outside the gates of Fort Benning, this state-of-the-art facility tells the stor~ of the United States Army Infantry.

EFFINGHAM COUNTY CONVENTION & VISITORS BURJ<:::AU 9 1 2 . 6 4 4 .6 4 0 0
D J-IAWIGNSVILLE-PULASIG
C OUNTY C HAMBER O.E C OMMERCE 478-783-1717
D THOMASVILLE VI SITORS CENTER
229-228-7977 or 866-577-3600
BANKS C O UNTY Cl-IAMBER AND CONVENTION & VISITORS B U R!<:::AU 706-677-5265
D BROOKS CO UNTY CHAMBER
OF COMMERCE 229-263-4841
ALPHARETTA WELCOME CENTER 678-297-0102 or 800-294-0923
AMERI CUS WELCOME CENTER 229-928-6059
ANDERSONVILLE WELC OME CEN'l'ER 229-924-2558
ATHENS WELC OME C li:NTER 706-353-1820
ACVB VISITORS CENTER - UNDERGROUND ATLAN'l'A 404-577-2148
D AUGUST'A CONVENTION
& VISITORS B U REAU 1-800-726-0243
D CAR.TERSVILLJJJ -BARTOW C O UNTY COJ'I.'VENTION & VISITORS BU REAU 770-387-1357 or 800-733-2280
D CATOOSA CO U NTY
CHAMBER 01<' C OMMERCE 706-965-5201
CLAYTON C O UNTY VISITORS C E TTER 800-662-7829

C OBB C O UN'l'Y C ONVENTION & VI SITORS B U REA U 678-303-2622 or 800-451-3480
C OLU MBUS C ONVEN' riON & VISITOHS B U HEAU 706-322-1613 or 800-999-1613
D D ALTON CONVENTION & VIST'l'ORS B U REAU 706-270-9960 or 800-331-3258
DEKALB CO U NTY CONVENTION & VISITORS BUREAU 800-999-6055
D DOUGLAS AREA TOU RISM AND PRO.MOTIONS 912-384-4555
EATONTON-PUTNAM CO UNTY CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 706-485-7701
ELBERT CO UNTY CHAMBKR OF COMMKRCE 706-283-5651
D FITZGEHALD WELCOME CENTER 229-426-5033 or 800-386-4642
D G ORDON COUNTY C HAMBER OF C OMMERC JJJ 706-625-3200
HEN RY COUNTY CH AMBER AND CONVEN'riON & VISITORS BUR.EAU 770-957-5786
.JONES C O UNTY C HAMBIJ:R OF C OMMERCE 478-986-1123
I I LAGRANGE-'l' RO U P C O UNTY C I-IAMBER 706-884-8671
LIBERTY C O U NTY CONVENTION & VISITORS B U REAU 912-368-3580
MACON-BIBB CONVEN'l'ION & V IS ITORS B U REAU 478-743-1074 or 800-768-3401

MADISON-MORGAN CO UNTY WELC OME CENTER 800-709-7406
MARIETTA WELC OME C li:NTER & V I S ITORS B U REA U 770-429-1115
MILLEDGEVILLE BALDWIN C O UN 'l'Y C O NVE N TION & V IS ITORS B U REA U 478-452-4687 or 800-653 -1804
D MILLEN/JENKINS CO UNTY CHAMBER OF C OMMERCE 478-982-5595
PAU LDING C O UN'rY C HAMBER 01<' COMMERCE 770-445-6016
RICHMOND HILL CO t VENTION & VISITORS B U REAU 912-756-2676
HISTORIC ROSWELL COJ'I.'VENTION & VISITORS B U RIJ: A U 770-640-3253 or 800-776-7935
SAVANNAH VISITOR INFORMATION CENTER 912-944-0455
D THOMSON-MCD U FFIE
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 706-597-1000
D WASHING'l'ON C O UNTY C HAMBER 01<' C OMMERC E 478-552-3288
0 WASHINGTON WELC OME CEN'rER
706-678-2013
D BLAICELY- EARLY C O UNTY CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 229-723-3741