Georgia game and fish [Vol. 11, no. 2 (Fall 1962)]

... .
Pittman-Robertson Fills The Hunter's Bag The Day The Possum Is King Dialogue In A Duel

GEORGIA GAME AND FISH
Published twice annually by the Georgia Game and Fish Commission in the interest of wildlife and for fishermen, hunters, nature lovers, and conservationists.
STATE OF GEORGIA

IN THIS ISSUE

ERN EST VAN DIVER, Governor

COMMISSIONERS

William E. Smith, Americus---'-Chairman, Third District

J. T. Trapnell, Metter First District

Flannery Pope, Dublin Sixth District

Richard Tift, Albany J. B. Langford, Jr., Calhoun

Second District

Seventh District

William Z. Camp, Newnan Harley Langdale, Valdosta

Fourth District

Eighth District

C. L. Davidson, Jr. Avondale Estates
Fifth District

Billy Wikle, Clarkesville Ninth District
Leonard Bassford, Augusta Tenth District

Jimmie Williamson, Darien, Coastal Area

FULTON LOVELL, Director
DIVISION CHIEFS Clifford P. Palmer ______________________Enforcement Jack Crockford___________________ Game Management Bob ShorL ___ ____________ Education and Information Howard Zeller_____________________Fish Management
Robert Busby--------------------- _________License A. P. Cannon____________________Executive Assistant Vennie M. Jones ________________________ Bookkeeping George Creal_________________ ______ ______ Personnel
FEDERAL AID DIVISIONS
Jack Crockford___________________Pittman-Robertson
Howard Zeller-------------------- ___ Dingell-Johnson

Page Pittman-Robertson .. . Fills the Hunter's Bag______ 4 How to Succeed at Camp Cooking________________ 6 The Day the 'Possum is King____________________ 8 Hunting Regulations and Bag Limits______________ lO Chattahoochee Forecast__________________________ ll Hearts of the Hunters__________ __________________ l4 Dialogue in a DueL ____________________________l6 Short Casts & Pot Shots________________ __________ l9 What's Ahead for Wildlife Conservation____________ 20 Boating With David Gould______________ _________ _22 The Hunters' Ethics_____________________________ 24 Ranger Bob's Nimrod's Notebook_________________ 25 Youth Afield___________________________________ 26 Bobcat- Saint or Sinner? -------------------- -- 29

EDITORIAL OFFICES-401 State Capitol, Atlanta 3, Georgia

BOB SHORT Editor

RICHARD RAMSAUR Assistant Editor

NANCY BELK Circulation

HUNTING EDITION

Vol. 11, No. 2

Published by the Georgia Game and Fish Commission, 401 State Capitol, Atlanta 3, Georgia, in the interest of Georgia wildlife and for fishermen , hunters, nature lovers and conservation of natural resources. There Is no subscription fee-this publication is free and is paid for by the purchase of fishing and hunting licenses. Please notify us at once of any change of address. Contents of this magazine may be reprinted with proper credit. This publication welcomes pictures, drawings, stories and articles dealing with out door subjects for consideration. No contributions will be returned unless solicited by authorized party representing Game & Fish Commission and accompanied by sufficient postage. Entered as third class postage.

{ f o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o = o =o = o = o = o = o c \ )
i ~ PR CELEBRATES 25th BIRTHDAY

0

~

The need for adequate financin g of wildlife restoration projects in th e United States was forcefully brought to the Nation's attention by the severe drou ght of the early thirties. At that time, the North American waterfowl population was in ex treme danger du e to the shortage of well-water ed nes tin g. breeding and feed in g areas. A crash

~

By FULTOl\ LOVELL Director

~ ~

0 (l

program Ly th e U. S. Government for the purchase and

development of several million acres of land and water

193[;. Commonly kuuwn as the Pittman-Robertson Act,

for waterfowl refuge eased the situation.

th e progra m is adminis tered b y the Bureau of Sport

At the same time, the States were beginning to realize

Fislwries and Wildlife of the U. S. Department of the

more and more that while the responsibility for manage

Interior.

m en l of wa terfowl and otlwr mi gratory birds rested in the

Under the terms of the Act, pro j et:.:t t:.:osls are borne

Federal Government, the States also had a big stake in

initially hy the Stale game departments. Reimbursement

th e l\;ation's waterfowl and th a t each individual State

from Federal funds for completed work is made for the

was solelv respo nsible for management of its resident

Federal pro rata share, which cannot exceed 75 percent

wildlife. U nfortunately. most States lacked the necessary funds for effec tive wildlife restora tion progra ms. ~1oney

of the cost of each project. The States are required to con tribute 25 percent or more of project costs from

was need ed for resea rch . for management. and for tlw

their regular funds.

purchase and developm ent of land and water areas.

The first funds became available to the States on July

This need for additional funds at the State level was

l, l<J3U. The first approved P-R project was submitted b)

a prime topic for discussion at the first North American
Wildlife Co nference held in Washington, D. C., during

Utah for devt>lopment of its Ogden Bay Waterfowl Area. During the period Jul y I, 1938 thr ough June 30, 1961 , a

February 1936. Co ngress was then consid eri ng the aboli-

total uf nearly $2l<J.OOO.OOO was apportioned to the States

tion of certain excise taxes. including that on sportin g

and Territories for wildlife restoration purposes.

arms and ammunition. Farsighted individua ls in and

Out of the total funds made available since th e incep-

ou t of Congress, concerned over the future of wildlife

tion of the program 20.0 percent was obliga ted for land

and public hunting, conceived the idea of having tlw

acquisition, 51A percent for development nf habitat.

exc ise tax o n sporting a rms and ammunition co ntinued,

23.3 percent for research, and 5.3 percent for coordina

but with proceeds going into a spec ial fund to be di s-

tion. A total of 2,37.3,75-t acres of land has bee n pur-

tributed tn th e S tates to pay for needed wildlife restora

chased by "17 States fur wildlife restoration and publir

ti on r a ther tha n into gene r al funds.

hunting purposes.

Such a proposal was presented to the International

Habitat improvements resulting from Pittman-1\ohert

Associati on of Game, Fish an rl Conse rv a ti on Commis

son projects benefitting practicall) eve ry species of ga me

sinners a t its annual meeting in 1936. The Association

animal now cover vast areas of public and private lands.

gave hea rt y end orsement to the proposal. as did tht>

Land acquisition has mad e the intensive den~lopment

Na ti onal Wildlife Federation at its meetin g in March 1937. Tlw dra ft of the origin al Pittman-Robertson Bill

anrl preservation of ;;uitable wildlife habitat pos;;ible and ha;; contributed gr ea tly to the~ need and mounting dP-

was prepared by Mr. Carl D. Sh oemaker, Secretary of

mand for public huntin g opportunities as the l\ation ';;

the SPnate Special Committee on Wildl ife who also served

population increases.

as SPPretary of the Nati onal Wildlife Federation. T he Bill wa~ sponsored in the Congress by th e late Sen

Proj eP ts now in operatio n range from acquisition a nd devel opment of wetlands, acq uisition and improvement

atur KPy Pittman of 1\'evada and Senator ( th en Repre

for farm ga mt', and researdr of ,-i rtually all species of

.;cntati vc l A. Willis Robertson of Virginia.

ga me.

T he Bill was ab ly presented and supported and it passed

As Ira 1\. Ga lnielson , Presid('nl of the \Vildlif< \lan -

the Congress without opposition. It was signed by Presi dent Frank lin D. RooseYt>lt on Septem ber 2. 1937. l\lan)

agcment lnstitut<> stated in his hook o11 ""Wild life \lan -
agPmenl ,._''This legislation has prod ucetl tlw first ;;em-

peop le were activP in supportin g the measure as well a~ nwmbers of the Congress. Chi efl y among these were ~lr. T. E. DorPmus of tlw DuPont Chemical Company. the late F. M. O li n of Winclwstcr-Wcstern Arms Company. ~ Jr. Charles L. Jlorn of Federal Cartridge Co m pany. :\ l r. ~1. H artley Dod ge and ~lr. C. K . D.1vis of
Hemi ng ton Anns Company. a nd Dr. Ira \'. GahriPlsm.

hlarwe of a national wildlife pro gram in l:istor~ ... and . . . in fact. as time passes, it appears to be tire most signi fic a nt l'onservation legislation that has passcd tlw C:o11g ress in many years."
It shou ld lw reco g niz<d that tlw hunter and tlw sporb man through pa\ mcnl of excis<' taxes on sporting anus and all1111llllition and 1,~ tlw purchase of hunti11g li<<ns<s

Chid. Bureau of Biologit:.:al Suney. The new lcgislat ion known as tlw t<de ral Aid 1n
\Vilrllife I{ Pstoration \ 1'1. became e fieL:L iY<' on July 1.

is rcsponsihh for the at'complishmell!s of tire l'ittmall Holwrtso!l progra111. :-'inn the hulltn pa~s tlw hill lw is l'ntitiPd to han1st the lwrwfits and Ire docs.

3

Pittman-Robertson .. .
1 II l
. '.
'

by Ja ck Crockford

Jack Crockford is Chief of Game Management and
Pittman Roberson Coordinator for the Georgia Game & Fish Commi ssion

FILLS THE HU NTER'S BAG

Since l1J31, sportsmen have been paying a F'ed Pral excise lax of ll cents on nery dollar "'pent for ~port ing arms and ammunition. This lax \\as ]t>, ied on sportsmen by an Act of Co n grc~;;; known as tlw Pittman Robertson Act. It requires th e Federal go ,ernmenl to spend this money strengthening slate ganw ronsenation prog rams. What are Georg-ia sportsmen gettin?: for th ei r money '? \\'ha t are P- It personnel shootin g at with these siher bullet<? Let's tak e a good luuk al the first tw ent y-fi ve , -e a r s .
P- ll funds are apportioned to slates based on area and numbf'r "' of paid license holders on a 75 </r fed eral2.S o/c stale share. P-n work began in earnl'sl after \Vorld \Var II with an imentory of wildlife re6o urces o\e r tlH~ entir e slate. It was followed up with studies on mourning dll\ e, squir-
rel. deer. turkey. quaiL ducks, marsh hen. and all species important to hunters. ftedsed habitat impro\emenl practices were JHopo"'etl and put into U:"f' on Gamf' .:\1 anagemenl Areas. P- H enabled Georgia to employ a "'tafT of trained game hiologi~t" to cunduet th e,.;f' studi es.
One of tlw tou g hest problem;;; has ])('ell to keep abreast of land usf' rha nges in recent years. A ,-ast acreage of corn and cotton has IJeen com erted into limlwr production. This change, along with a stronger urban ]i,in g trend. ha~ prodmPd a ma-
jor shift in ganw habitat. I-'arm I\ pe
ga nw. :o-uch as quail and rahiJit. an g ivin g '' a~ lo forest game. such a,.; dcf'r and turkey. ltea lizing thi,... P-H laurwhed an exlf'tbi\c deer stocking program. Toda,, tlwre an e,.;lahli~hed dter populations in all major ran g""' in thf' stale capahll' uf ,..uppurting tlw..;e animak
Georgia will rapid Iy IHcome a major deer huntin ;! slak. Dc(r popula tion increa,..e~ lea\e lillie doubt on thi,.; score.
Thi~ is onh onf' ;Hrompli,..hnHnt

of P-R work in Georgia. Other P-R projects include the following:
Effects of hunting pressures on deer herds are watched to assure an adequate harvest and that the resource is not over-harvested.
\York has continued throughout the fire-ant control program to carefully e\aluate its effects on hob-white quail populati ons as well as other birds and animals.
Mourning doves and wood-ducks are tr apped, banded. and inventoried to furni>'h correct information to U.S. Fish and \rildlife Service \\ ho establishes the annual hunting regulations.
hn-entor1es continue on all native game species to determine changes in wildlife populations and to assist the Commission in establishing annual hunting regulations.
Altamaha ~ratcrfowl 1\lanagcnwnt Area
In 1954-, P-R funds purchased approximatelr .10.000 acres on th e Allmnaha Ri\ c'r Delta in .:\Idntush Count~- for a waterfowl wintering gro und and public ,.;hooting arf'a. Dikes ha\e been con:"lructcd to con-

lrol the water level on 6,000 acre!'-. producing waterfowl food in abundance. The area is open for tlw hunt ing of all ga me specie~ during tlw regular seasons, with the exception of that portion of Butler's and Champneys Islands adjac;ent to U.S. Hig hway 17. This portion is closed to all huntin g. The remainder of the area is open without special permit durinf!, the regular sPasons. :\luch of this area has been diked and is managed primarily for waterfowl: however. other game species benefit from these practices.
Altamaha is rapidly becoming a duck hunters p aradi;;;e. Georg ia hunters "'hould take full advantage of this \'asl management area. 1\lanagcmcnt Arc'a Dcvdopnunt
This proj ect providf's marwp:f'mf'nl and development of tlw wildliff'_management areas. This is a big joh. Som(' 1/:! million acres of land an under manap:ement. prim arilv for big gamt>. .\ll are open to public huntin g and restoration i,.; carritd out wh en game populat ion ~ warran t. This is our largc,.;l and most extensive project. It
(c ontinued on page 25)

How to succeed at
CAMP COOKING

Experienced Nimrods in the field agree that sandwiches are good, but as a steady diet they get tiresome. Since the better hunting and fishing sites are usually miles and hours from commercial eateries, camp cooking is almost a necessity. With a little knowledge and pre-planning, camp cooking is a rewarding experience that every camper should try. The smell of camp cooking, and the unique thrill it offers the taste buds adds a rich accent to the joy of outdoor recreation.
Here are some tips every camper should pack with his cooking gear.
THE FIRE
Expert:" as well as novice campers agree that there are two basic types of camp fires:

DRAFT
or the pyramid type fire Good ventilation is the secret of a good fire. There are several methods of making good cooking fires:
If a large skillet is used the fir e should be sided with stones.
T in siding, slate or ~trip sa ndstone can be used for a large cooking surface to accommodate several cookin g utensils.
A split log, staked in place, is another good method.

Ute:n.siles
Cooking utensils should be chosen by considering their weight and bulk in transportation. If the camp ground is accessible by auto, there is no reason for not having all the comforts of hom e right down to the cast iron skillet and ice chest.
Flshes

and those that don't burn

Charcoal burn ers ~
are handy where ~ ~

transportation is no

problem.

c=:J

1\ll outdoor Georgia i~ abun dant \\ ith pi IW rosin wood that makes a good :-;tarter in wl-'l "eathcr.

Oak or hickory make good, slowburning cooking fir es.
Cranes for holding water or stew pots should be made from green forked sticks.
or u:-;ing a pole pegged down or balanced with a rock.

Fried fish is the fa,orite preparation in outdoor cooking. Fish such as small hass, trout or yellow perch should be prepared whole by scaling or skinnin g, clrawing and severin g the ~pine in se,e ral pl aces to pre,ent curling durin g cooking.
The stron g, fishy ta!'ite of large bass and carp can he eliminated by :-;kinni ng, soaking a short time in a soda and water solution, then re-snaking 111 a salt and water solution for at least one-half hour.

6

Prepare fish such as large bream and small crappie by splitting.
Prepare fish such as bass, pike, sucker and catfish as a fill et. Filleted
fish is easy to eat since most of the bones are removed. In preparing suckers, a large amount of small pin bones will remain after preparation. Sever these bones by making a few cross cuts with a sharp knife. They fill fry crisp and can be eaten with no trouble.
A mixture of milk and beaten egg is a good batter for fish. Soak the fi sh in this mixture th en roll in bread crumbs, flour or cereal crumbs. Fish should be fried in grease around 380 F.
Pork, bear and raccoon and several wild animals should be thoroughly cooked before eating. Trichinosis. a mu,.;cle parasi te can be prc~cnt in these animals and transferred to human beings if these meals are underdone. Beef and mullon, on the other

haud, can be served as rare as desired.
Bacon should be cooked at low temperature until crisp. Rapid cooking causes it to cu rl up and not cook thoroughl y. Use absorbent paper to remove excess grease.
Beef ribs should be seared with a high heat. This retains the juices and flavors during cooking. Open-fire braising should be done with a medium high heat. Braised meat should be seasoned before cooking and turned oft en. Brown pork chops thorou ghl y then cook with low heat. Add water and simmer before serving for extra tenderness. Hamburgers should be seasoned before cooking with a high heal and turned only once.
The secret of a good steak is very high heat and quick cooking. The outside should be seared quickly to seal in the juices. Just enough beef tallow to lubricate the skillet is better than grease. Heat the skillet to a heavy smoke before adding the steak.
.Nothing equals the flavor, aroma and cheerfulness of hot coffee on a crisp, early moming outdoors. The succcs" of many an outing can be allributed lu the coffee pot. Good ~lrong co fT1~t' with a bite lu it is a must around the camp. In the outdoors, nothing holds a caudlc to oldfashioned boiled coffee.
Then~ arc as many ways to 111ake coffee as there arc coffee maker,.;. but fi,e puts waier to one part co!II'I' ,.;lecp-hoilcd for fifteen minul1s i" "landanl outdoor,.. A pinl"h or two of salt helps and a few egg shells thrown in will separalP- the ~rounrk

Eggs
Eggs an~ standard equipment for c.ampers, and a few boiled eggs can be found in the pocket of most huntt> rs and fishermen.
Try this lig ht bacon or mushroom omelet on your camping trip. Cook bacon and dry on absorbent paper or saute mushrooms and stems in butter until done, drain and set aside. Using three containers, place whites of eggs in one, yolks in the second and an equal amount of heavy cream in the third. Beat all three with a hand beater or fork until Iight and fluffy. \Vash beater between each operation.
Fold cream and whites together, add yolks and fold with as few strokes as possible. Add a pinch of sugar for a brown crust. A pinch of soda makes a lighter omelet.
l\lelt a pat or tw o of unsalted butter and ::;mear mcr heated surface. Pour in the mixture and cook until base is firm hut top is still runny. Add bacon or mushrooms then fold over to form half circle. Cook until the middle finns up. Sene ,dth jam.
Patience is a virtu e in the ou td oors. Learn how lo control the heat of your fire and gi\'e the fire plenty of tinw lo gl't hot but not enough lo uwrheal you r coo kin g. Heat is tht> mo~l important clemeut iu any cooking n .'nturc. \Vith practic1' a :.-euse of proper cooking temp1'ratures can he al'quired.
A properly seasoned skillet is anotlwr cooking must. To :,;1ason a ,.,k illl'l. clean all packing grease and oil away with detergent. ll e<Jl until n~r~ hot. then smear the cooking ,.,urfai'Ps "ith a piece of hcd tallo". I:(d tallo\\ d"~'" rrol bl'comc rancid like olhn oil,.; and is a goml rust pre\ l'lllali' e.
7

THE
DAY
THE
IS KING

flecently the Coweta County "Possum Eater::. Com ention celebrated its Golden Annive rf-ary at 1\e\\ nan.
How did they do justice tu thi!' momentous occasion ?
\\'ith banquet tables groaning under the weight of hundreds of pounds of steaming 'pos,.,um and 'talers with all the tr irnmings - ho" eb:e?
Thi ~ unique co n\ e nlion of 'possUinoJJ-tlw-platter fanciers de\ eloped from a quiet. informal get-together uf two .Newnan citizens hack in 1()12 to a present organization numberin g almost 200 members. This growth has tak en place d espitf' tiH' fact that mem bership in the Clult is hard to come by. Before it was mO\ed int o lar ger

farilities. new members were admitted only when a member died or lllO\ eel away. Even now applicants must out-do themselves to show a genuine. lip-smacking passion for this traditional Southern dish before their applications will even be considered.
The best way to get a place at the 'po,.,sum talJ!e is to inherit it. Power. position or influt>nee \\on' t help beca use the plact> car ds already Iead like th e N"t>wnan Bluebook. In view of the fact that Coweta County is one of the wealthiest pP-r ca pita areas in Georgia. these influential 'Possum Eateis add real prestige to lowly ole B'rer 'Possum. and of course, to the ' possum eating ca use.

Mo ster of C eremonies, Rev. R. P. Seega rs of We st Point (ce nter), verifies membership by requmng hungry portic1ponts to display official s1gn of the Convention. An opposum hanging by hi s toil from o persimmon tree is o traditional sight in Georgia; hooking littl e fing ers together symbo li zes thi s familiar pose .

The Connntion s histor y is ubi-'C urPd hy both legend and e nthusiasm but its beginning is we ll doc umented.
T\\o prominent :\ e wnan citize ns, J. A.
Rlakcly and Henry Richards returned from a successful opossum hunt and brou ght their animals to Bud Gay. a restaurant operator, for his special preparation. Inviting three l\lethodist mini4ers to s hare the ir feast, host:-:. and g uests alike a greed th e n a nd then to ho ld another banquet the ne xt year.
1t wa:; not long until 'possum ea t-
ing enthusiasts crowded Bud's small restaurant to capacity and the Club was forced to close its doors to hun gry latecom ers. Bud Gay l1eca m e fam o us

"A dish f1t for a kmg 1" Robert McK oon and Henry Chopmon think so, anyway. To these 'possu m ea ters, the joy of eating the gome equals the joy of cotchmg it. Thi s plotter of 'possu m, 'toters and Bud Goy gravy disappeared fast when these two sot down to the banquet toble

for his 'possum. 'talers, and Bud Gay grav y. li e co ntinued to serve plattf'r!of 'possum with all his special trimmings to th ese h app) few until hi-. d ea th iu l<J I (J.
Mu-.t of tlw old- timer~ are gone.
but the tr adition of these fo un ding ' Possum Eaters liYes on. At th<' ret: -
ent Co nn ~ ntion . 162 pounds of mouth -
watPring roast 'possum and two buslwl baskets of baked sweet potatoes were quickly consumed h) Pappr EatPr s -- a writablt Georgia eating orgy!
Pn ~ ident Bob :\IcKoon. who inlwritf'd his po~t from his Father in
105n, -.a ys that tlw Club has rH 'H'r
lost a IIH'mh cr PXCP(ll to death and distance. Tlw loyalty of 'Possum Eater~ is truly phenomenal. Throu:.rh tilt'"<' ;)(, ytar.., Bud Cay\ ncipP". a
c losPiy-guanh rl SPCrPt. has llt'\'N Iwen
~tolcn nor tluplicatcJ by any foni:.rn powN. Thi-. loyalty wa" hP-.t "Uill met! up in a popm compo--cd ll\

J3lakely, h imself, who -,;erved as Pre!'>id e nt until his d f'a th in 1951:
~' lwn 'possums ge t fat .\n ' tatters ~d S\\ eel.
It's tht> natlll al time
'Po~suru ealtr-.; meet.. , To under:-tand this deep-rooted passion for 'po,;sum, one YPry di~ tingui~hed-lo o kin g :.runnel. who had aln~ ady dearlt'd hi:- plate. was askPd for a suitahlt commPnt ha:-Pd on hi,SLlgc c:\per itrH't'.
TIP- sat hack. p:.ltted his stomach affectionat<'ly. srniiPd and JrPw his rrapkirr aero-...; hi ... face. \\"ith out hP:-itation. !It' turrwd and in a "lll pri:-in g h comm.tnding \ oicc said:
''Sunwboth plta-.p pa~s that platter hack dm, n thi.., \\'a\ !.,
Orw tirin g i-. ce Jtain . .\-. long a-. tlwrc an 'po..;sum C'atcrs in Co\\da Count\. one tla\ in cac h 'ra r \\ill )It' -.ct a-.idt fo1 tilt' :-oiP purpcb{' of kiting ta-.tc lnrcl ... !,lo-...om on fat. JUicy
P''""um.
9

GAME

DOVE SEASON

Georgia dove hunters will ha ve a split season for

migatory dove huntin g. The first phase will be open for hunting Sept. 15
throu gh Oct. 1~- The seco nd phase opens Dec. 7 and

closes Jan . 15. Shooting will be allowed from 12:00 noon until sunset.

Daily bag limit for doves wi ll be 12, with a possess ion limit of N .
DUCKS

Georgia's duck season is somewh at di fferen t th is year.

Hunting gets underway at noon NoL 21 and extends through Dec. 30, 1962, for all ducks except canvasbacks

and redheads. Coots are included .

The dai ly bag li mi t on ducks (except canvasbacks a nd

redheads for which the season is closed) is three, pos-

session limi t six ducks. The daily bag and possession

limit for coots is six. The daily bag ma y not incl ude more of the fo ll owi ng

species than: Two ma ll ard or black ducks, singly or in the agg re-

gate of both kinds; Two wood cl ucks and one hooded merganser.

The possession limit may not include more of the foll owing species th an (a ) four mall arei or black du cks: (b) two wood ducks and , (c) 1 hooded merganser.

In addition to other bag and possessi on limi t"', two

addi tional scaup ducks are allowed in the da ily bag

limit and four additi onal sca up in possession .

LICENSE FEES

Res. hun ting mul fis hing $.3. 2 .5, llunti11 g $ 2.25. Non-res. small gam e $10.25, big ami small game $20.25. P reserve bn11 ting o n ly, non-res. only $ 5.25. Archery: R es. $2.25.

BOBWHITE QUAIL

N ov. 20, 1962- Feb. 23. I 96i . Bag limit 12 dailv. 30

weekl y.

\VILD TURKEY

Nov. L I 962-Jan. 5, 1961 in Screven, Effin gham, Chat-

ham, Bull och, Brya n, Liberty, Evans. Candler. Mc-

In tosh, Long, T attn all , Wayne. Glyne, Camden. Bran tley.

Ware, Charlt on, Stewart. Marion. Chattahoochee and

Muscogee Counties. Bag limit two for season.

Nov. 20, 1962-Feb. 23. 1963 in Thom as, Grady. De-

catur, Semi nole, Baker. Dougherty and Calhoun Counties.

Bag limit two for season.

RABBIT

Nov. 20, 1962-Feb. 23, I 963. Da il y bag limit fiv e in

Hea rd, Coweta, Spalding, Bu tts. J asper. Putn am. Han-

cock. Wa rren, Glascock, Mc Duffie, Richmond and all

co unties north of the above-li sted count ies. Bag limit for all oth er count ies will be ten dail y.

OPOSSUM

Oct. 15, 1962-Jan . 31, 1963, except Coweta Count) .
which will be fro m Or t. 2. I 962 to J an. :-n . I 963. Nn

bag limit.

RACCOON

O<'t. ] .S, I %2-Jan. :H, 1()63. No bag limi t.

10

LAWS

RUFFED GROUSE
Oct. 15, 1962-Jan. 5, 1963. Bag limit three daily.

SQUIRREL
Oct. 15, 1962-J an. 5, 1963, in Harris, Talbot, Upson. Monroe, J ones, Baldwin, Hancock, Warren , McDuffie. Ri chmond and all counti es north of the above-listed counties.
Opening dat e Nov. L 1962-Jan. 5, 1963, in all remaining counti es. Bag limit ten daily in all counties.

BEAR

Nov. l , 1962-J an. 5, 1963, in Echols, Clinch, Charlton.

Ware, Brantley, Camden, Glynn, Wa yne, Mcintosh, Lon g.

Liberty, Bryan and Chatham. No bag limit. All other

counti es in state closed.

Closed .

ALUGATOR

DEER

Nov. L 1962-Nov. 15. 1962- Gilmer. :Murray. Fannin. Unio n, Lumpkin, T owns, White, Rabun , Habersham, Stephens, porti on of Banks County lying north of Ga . Hwy. 51, T albot, Henr y, Butts, Monroe. J asper, Jones, Putn am. Bald win , Greene, Hancock, Warren. ~I cDuffie. Columbi a and porti on of :\1organ count y lying south of U.S. Hwy. 27n. and porti on of Lincoln co unt y lying south of U.S. Hwy. 373. and porti on nf Wilkes county lyi ng east of Ga . Hw y 17 and south of US. Hw y. 373. Bag li mit one hu ck onl y with visible antlers.
No,. L 2. 3. I<)62- P auldin g. Dade. Walker. Chattooga. Floyd. P olk, and Haralson Co unti es. Bag limit one huck with visible an tlers.
Nov. 1, 1962-J an. 5, 1963- .lVIuscogee, Stewart. Chattaho ochee. Mario n. Glascock. Jefferso n. Srreven, Bulloch. Effin gh am. T att nall. Evans. Brv a r1. Chatham. Liberty. Long. Mci ntosh. Wa yne. Glynn. Br antl ev. Camd en, Wan~. Charl ton. Cli nch. Irwi n and porti ons of followin g coun ties:
Eman uel co unt y- porti on lving east of U. S. Hwy. 1 and north of U.S. Highway 30. Tift Co unt v- portion lying east of U.S. Hwy 11 and north of U.S. Hwy. 32. Echols Count y- port io n lying east of Al apaha River. Washington Co unt\' -porti on lving eas t of Ga. Hw y. 15 and north of G3. Hwy. 2 L Burke Count y- porti on lving east of U.S. H wy. 2.5. Bag limit two bucks with Yisible an tl ers.
Nov. l , 1962-J an. 3, I 963, Candl er Count y. each Thursday onl y. Bag limit one b uck with , isibl e antlers.
Nov. L 1962-J an. 5, 1()63. Baker, Calhoun , Dougherty, Grady. Thomas. Decatur and Semin ole Co unties. Bag limit one buck and one doe or tw o bucks.
The total bag limit for cl eer must not exceed tw o deer per hunter duri ng th e 1962-63 season. The kill ing of more than two deer per hunter is a violation of regulati ons.
Bows for the pu rpose of taking deer are legal durin g the regular hun ti ng season and must h me minimum recog nized pull of .JO pound s. Bows must be unstrun g when transJ.Wrted or possessed in or up on motor ,ehicle. Archery license is req ui red fo r th e hunt ing of game with how and arrow.

Notional Forest official Art Grumbine (left foreground) hos a look ot the buck token by o party of Brookton, Georgia, hunters.

Mrs. Fred Fields of Brookton, Georgia, proudly displays a Georgia buck taken on Chattahoochee National Forest.

Deer can make out without mast. but a plentiful supply of this high-protein food fattens deer so that they will usually bear twin fawns rather than one. or none. The ma,;t crop's efiect is important to the hunter\ harvei't. The hunting season is set to coinf'ide with rutting time hecause bucks are moving during the day. Activity at the rutting season depend:" to a great extent on the \real her and the physical condition of the deer. i\ good mast crop result,; in a vigorous rutting ,;cason and a much higher kill. Deer are too numerou:; in several places. so he sure to turn out for the "any deer" hunts set hy the Game and Fish Commission.
Wild turk ey. another Chattahoo chee faYorite. is on the increase. Wildlife !{angers and Forest Sen ice workers report big increases in man) places. Elm spanworm, which has damaged so much Limber. furnishes a readily available supply of food and is believed to be partially responsible fnr tilis upswing.
Tht> weakest link in the life chain of wil1! tmkcy is tlw period when

flightless poults are being led around
J,y the hen searching for insects. Pre-
clat ion is very high at this time. Even so, next spring\ gnhhler hunts should he producli\'e.
Grouse hunting is a fast growing ,\'orth Georgia sport. 7\Iany hunters have just discovered this fine game hird, although residents have always hunted them. Lora! hunters report a ncord population. Some good grouse ranges are BrasstO\nl Bald. Soapstone Creek. Corbin Creek. Tallulah Hiver, Duncan Bidge. Copper Creek. and the Cohutta :\lnuntains.
1\fter a trip or two. most hunters f!U ickl) rerogn ize a place that !nob "grous y."' One tree usually found in the ill'tter grouse co\er is hlack hirch. Grape\ ines. f'H'rgreen cn \ e r of rhododendron. laureL hemlock. heach and maple. an usually fa\orites with grouse.
A good dog lwlps. Grouse are skittish and \\ill run. so a careful ''single" t~pc dog is hest. An~ dog will sometimes flush wild. One piece of addce fnr grouse hunters is to always hold Your gun at ready.

Our top fore~! ga me' animal popll lnrity -wi,;f' i~ tl1f' squirrel. Unfortunate)~' po or ma st crops of th e past sen'ral ) t'ars has caused a squi rr el shortage. Squirrel~ are scarce and j ust how fa:;t the) will build up is a matter for conjt'ct ure. H owC've r. ,;;quirrel hunting prospects are better thi~ seaso n and sh ou ld be excellen t nex t year. Some species h a\e had toug h sledding ou the Chattahoochee for se\ era! years. But there is a profusion uf food available now. Grapes. black eherrif's. sassafras berries. dogwood berries. mountain ash, an d all I) pes o f acorns are plen tiful. By :;earchin g out white oak acorns, a per:;istent squirrel hunter should have plent ) of shooting, and he'll probably loca te a good deer sta nd in th e har ga in .
(continued on page 24 )

Dog wood be rn es ore fm e wildlife food. Good mo st ond other wildlife food production this year indicate on exc el le nt h unt ing season ,

Mr. ond Mrs, Fred Fi e lds of Brookton, Georg ia, enj oy o hunti ng-ca mping v is it to the Chattahoochee Noti onal Fo rest ne ar Suches, Georg ia , on Rock C reek ,

13

of the
hunters
The only big game hunting that hundreds of thousands of able-bodied men do and ever will participate in, and some women too, is the quest of the Whitetailed Deer. Under efficient game management thi s species has increased to the point of becoming a hazard to motorists in some suburban areas, and coun ti es now are open that have not had a deer season for 50 years or longer. With the exodus to the woods in lat e fall there inevitably follow the headlines: Ten Hunters Die from Heart Attacks in Week.
Such startling statements are indisputable. Their ominous portent warrants further inquiry. because from statistical methods it is possible to derive ridiculous conclusions.
Arc They Hunting Fatalities'! If a man garbed in hunting clothes while driving to or from a deer habitat succumbs to a heart attack, he is considered by the press as a "hunter death." The same man on another day traveling the same rou te as a salesman and afilicted in like manner would be reported as an ''unfortunate death.'' Surprisingly enough, 26 per cent of heart attacks occur during mild physical activi ty such as driving a car or normal housework. If the huntPr stopped at a motel enroute and expired during the night, he would be among the ten hunte1 deaths reported for that week. But e\ idence supports the fa ct that 23 per cen t of coronaries occur during sleep. and 10 per cent from 9 p.m. to 6 p.m. wheu the average hunter is engagPd in nothing more strenuous than holding fom aces or bending an elbow. Rest the panacea for all ills, is exactl y what 27 per l'ent of patients were engagt'd in when they gP t thPir heart attacks. If our hunter was sitting quiPtly on a stump ncar a runway and his atheromatous plaques of long standing suddenly occluded a coronary vesseL he too would be among the maligned. From the foregoing we deduce that three fourths of all coronaries occur while the patient is aslePp. resting. or engagPd in mild activity. But what about the Herculean efforts of the hunt during inclement weatlwr? The slogging throngh marsh, over hills, the hattlP through bramble;;; whi ch leaves one bowed. brcat hlc:-:.s. and fatigued: the jangling of adrenals
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with e\'ery qwstionable movmg shadow and snap of twig? Alas, o nl y l\\ o per cent ( ~ic I of heart attacks are accompanied b) ~e' (~n physical ac ti\'it y. 1\nd moderat e activit\ as performed in tlw hnilding trades was the effort Pxtend ed wh en lPn per ccnt of the patients \\'Pre struck. Th <:> innocuous automatic ac tivit y of walking was the pursuit of 13 per cent of heart a tt ack cases,
To gat her for sPvera l days to a few weeks 100.000 men whose age~ range for the most part from the lat e 30s through 60;;, clad in red or )ellow with firearms in hand. and extrapola te this fi g ure into a recognizable community. it then becomes a c it y of at least half a million inhabitants. Coronary dPaths occur in such communities with methodic freq uency each week of the year. and there lies no public cognizance of this except for an occasional outstanding ci tizen. But the autumnal headl in E's will have their day.
\VIwn Emergtncies Arise Cardiac emerge ncies arise in the fi el d as well as elsewhere. but th eir diagnos is and trea tmen t are more difficu lt at certa in times. Often a seemingly health y patient asks his physirian for a few simple rules by which he could recognize a coronary in himself or his hunting co mpani ons. ll e knows of th e pain and radiation in the
left shoulder and arm, HP know s too that what often
appears to be a gastrointestinal upset may be more serious than that. Deep boring. unremitting pain substernally persisting for hou rs indicates to him grave co ndition. These findin gs assocated with pallor, sweating. a nd uneasiness indica te tlw onset of shock, especially if the pulse becomes rapid and thready.

It is mandatory now for the aflli ctcd to r Pm a in a t rPs l. being made as comfortable as conditions permit. Abow all , he must be kept warm. To wa lk for a id or exPrl a n y physi cal effort with su ch findin gs is to trud ge to a lm os t certain dPath. The Finnish lumberjacks, rugged woodsmen that they are. were r ecently studi cJ in thi s respec t, and the deaths or seriou s complications were in di rect relationship to the activit y expcmlPd. as in walking, after the onset of coronar y sy mptoms. \Vitness too the number of silent coronaries found b y ECG o r aut opsy examina tions. The patient 's past history after careful interrogation may rPvcalthat persist ent neuritis in the left arm a nd hand years a go; or an upset stomach that lasted a week ; perhaps that painful pluerisy in the middle of the chest long a go eould be the clue. YPt tlwse patient s remain ed at rest for a number of days or weeks, had 110 doctor. and probabl y used some nonspecific homP remedies, and eventually recovereo from their attacks.
In the fi eld when a coronary i~ suspec ted. the prime consideration is to combat shock. Abso lute res t is impera ti,e. l\Iove the patient only if this can be d one by litter and with no physical expenditure on his parL Aid must be sought with dispatch. If the distances are g reat. medical aid and appropriate transportation must be brought tu the suspect.
In every deer hunting area there lives the almost legen dary septogenarian who has put veniso n on the table for man y years, He no longer joins in the drive across th e lower 10 but s its quietly up on a stump. And ther e he probably will di e,

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15

DIALOGUE

IN A

DUEL

1. An ordinary dog, out for an afternoon stroll .

2 . Spies a young doe, taking it easy in the sun . 3 . The dog g ivcs chase and soon overcomes the deer .

4. And then the fight begins .
5. Dumbfounded and tired, the deer is no match ... 6. And is soon overcome by the hungry pack
-, -

7. A pathetic cry seals the deer 's doom .
The biggest problem confronting Georgia's deer managers is wild and free-running dogs. These vicious killers, most of them abandoned by their owners, take more deer every year than all hunters combined. What can be done about it? This is the serious problem. Dog owners should keep their animals penned as much as possible. Unwanted pets shoul d be given to Humane Societies or some other organization with facilities to care for or dispose of ttem. Until wild a nd free-run ning dogs a re under control, Georgia's wildlife population cannot reach its full potentia l.
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SHO RT CASTS
and p

DEPARTMENT OF CONSE RVATION ITEMS AND FIELD NOTES
Compiled by Bob Short

Three healt hy Georgia bucks have landed their owners in the Boone and Crocket Club, a world-wide orga ni zation dedi ca ted to accurate record-keeping and troph y h u n t i n g.
All of the prize deer came fro m middle Georgia, whic h is without doubt one of th e finest dee r hunting areas in the nation.
Vir gil Ava nt bagged his entry in J ones County with a shot gun in 1956. The animal, now in possession of Tom Folds. scored 1 7"~ Boone and Crocket system points.
Robert l\1. Simmons of l\lacon bagged a 10-point buck in Jon es County that scored 161 Boone-Crocket system points and ] ohn R. Benn ett sco red 151 points with another 10-pointer that came from l\'lonroe Co unt y.
A Game and Fish Commissio n employee. Ga me man agement chi ef ] ack Crockford. is a region judge for Boone and Crocket. Another local represent ati ve and
judge is Walter J. ShafTer, 10 Park Lane, N.E., Atlanta,
Georg ia .
Both Mr. Crockford and Mr. Shaffer can judge and meas ur e tr ophies. Hunters who desire their services should co ntact them and make arrangements to h ave their tr op hi es judged.
Youth Program
The Game and Fish Commission Information and Education d ivisio n will soo n emb ark up on a yo uth edu cation pr ogram for grade and hi gh school children . Details on the program are ava ilable now from the I&E. 101 State Capitol, Atl ant a, Ga. All interested FFAers. 4- Hers and school teachers are in vi ted to inquire.
* * *
Cedar Creek Area
The State Piedmont Game ;\lanagernent Area has a new name. From nO\\ on. it will he known as the Cedar Creek area. This is a welcom e changt~, !-iince hunt er." (and others ) alw ays co nfused the ~ta te's Pit>dmont area with th e federal Piedmont Wildlife Hefugt:>. Cedar CrPek is one of the sta te"s finest deer areas.
The lzaak \Valton League aga in is spon soring a do-ityourse lf program to res tore landmnwrs' con frd ence in America\ h unters. It's called lh:"'T A>.IEHI L\ TD1E.

The program is in two parts. One effort is directed at hu nters. lzaak Wa ltons encou r age hunters to Lw law abiding. respect the rights and property of others and use ex treme care with fire a nd firearm~ .
Judging from the amount of mail on the subject, hunters shou ld heed the message and make every effort to save huntin g by cooperat ing with landowners.
* * * The Georgia Game and Fish Commission has denied a request by Fort Stewart's fish and wildlife association to open the mi litary reservation for doe hunting thi.s season. Commission Director Fulton Lovell said strong public protest from co unties tha t border the militar y installation is one reason for the denial. Lovell also pointed out that the request came to th e Commission 's attention too late for action thi~ year.
(Continued on page 30)
1" Killed by Virgil Avont, 1956, in Jones County with shotg u n" 17 4 point s Boone & Crocke t t system for world record listing" 2. K illed by Robert M" Simmons, 1960, in Jones County with 30-0 6 Rem. Pump" 161 points, B&C. 3 . Killed by John R" Bennett, 1960, M onroe County, with Model 70-"243" 151 po in t s, B&C. 4 " K il led by Fred Greene in Jones County, 1961, wi t h 30-06" 5" Killed by Jimmy T oolsby, 1961, in Jones Count y, wi t h 16 go. slug. 6" Killed by Victor Simmons, 1961, in Jones Coun t y, wi t h 30-06" 7" Killed by Tommy Bilderback, 1959, in Jones County, with 7.7 Jop inote long freok t ines on bock of eoch mom beom)"
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A peek at w hat's ahead in

WILDLIFE CONSERVATION

By FULTON LOVELL
This is a particularly :-;ig nificant time for all of us. Georg ia has decided its fate for the next few yea rs and the horizon loob bright.
The State has gone thro ugh the long co unt -down. Now, it 's read y for the lift-off.
Especially is this true in the field of wi ldlife con:-;pna tion.
Tlw success or failure of any wildlift> conservation pro gram is measured by the sportsman's harvest.
Using this formula as a yardstick. the Georgia Game and Fish Commission's program has enjoyed another year of phenomenal success.
Game management ... fish management ... research and development have all shared the limelight.
But. what's done is dont>. What's ahead is of greater interest at the mouwnt. Game and fish consen~ ation in Georgia is taking a new look to kt>ep in step with the times. With a stable wildlife population now a reality, the Game and Fish Commission intends to re-evaluate the changing needs of recreation and bring into focus new trends in leisure living in Georgia. These trends indicate g reater activity and mort> dt>mand for outdoor rt>c reation .

\\ill fall short uf th e needs within the next decade. If we are to continut' to prodde Geo rgians with good huntin g conditions m years to come. we have no other alternative e xcept to expand game manage ment onto private property.
Realizin g thi s. th e Game and Fish Commission has pl otted its co urse. We're on target.
\Vithin a short time. announcements of several coopera tin, agreements \\~ ith large landholders in the state will almo:o;t double Georgia's pre~ent publi c hunting areas.
This comes on the heels of the most widespread deer stockin g program in Georgia's wi ldlife history.

T he increasing pace accelerated by space age ingenuity and techn ical progress insures outdoor recreation of increasi ng popul ar it y. And , as grea ter numbers of people fl ock ou tdoors. the p roblem,;; for wildlife conservationist:; become mo re co mplt>x.
The ro le of the C ame and Fish Department h as b een de termirwd l,y thi s trek to the o ut -of-doors. The dit> is cast.
Unl ike tlw pas t. th e j ob o f th e Game a nd Fish Depart nw nl i~ neither to pro hibit m a~s enj oyment of sport,. a fi e ld hy 0\'t'r-regulation, nor to a ll ow tlw public to run ro u g h~h od over each othe r a nd publi<' faciliti t>s.
\Ve hm e geared onr progr am to meet tlwst' problems.
We a rt Pxplo ring cvtry a \ e nue to pro vid e additional
o nt door reneation ~pan . \Vc kno w the ro\\ . ~ow, Wt> 'rc going to hot it.
Prt:wntl~. G<'orgia lws o\cr orw- half milli o n acrt>s of I<J rrd under man:rgt nwnt for l'o nt ro llcd h untin g. But this
20

;\ fc\1 months ago, the Game and Fish Com mission released some 680 whit t>tai l deer in depleted areas throughout the stale.
\Vithin the next fi,~ e )l'ars, there will he deer in ever) Georgia <'ounty capa hl t~ of supporti ng and sustaining them.
We will not fail the hunt ers of Georgia who haYe gin~n ns faith and cooperation.
,\1uch has been said rece11tly about the lack of natural areas, naturl' center:- for you th. cOJwenient and unspoilt>d places for our seniors ci ti zens to hunt a !ld fish a!ld sa nitaq areas for campers. nature lm ers and picnickers.
\Ve do not propo:-e to fa il the:-e Georg ians, ei th er. Tlw first positive step in this direction has already been taken. The Game and Fish Commission has de,eloped a recreation site at its High Falls cent er to accommodate all outdoorsmen. regardle:-.s of their particular interests. For the fi,..herman. there\ a well-stocked lake where anglin g :-;ucccss has lwt>ll phenomenal. For the cam per. tlwre are sanitar) campsites with garbage cans and clean toilets. For picnick e r~ , then an modern , clean picnic tables "d in "cenic SUITOlliHlings. And. for those who want nothin g mon than to admin naturP. there are nalure trails for hiking.

To insure proper utilizati on of this area. the Comm ission has hi g hly-trained biol ogi~t s a nd techni cians as well as fi eld ma nagement personnel. They' re h ard at work P\"try da y to g iYI_' nature an assi~t toward produ cin g peak populat iuns of gam e and fi sh.
But. we don't propose to stop here. By utilizin g fund s set up b y th e federal gove rnme nt. an additional 200 thousand dollars have been made availa ble to the Gam e and Fish Commission for devP!opment of High Falls. UndPr the sa me Area Hedevelopment program , federa l funds , matched h y >'late m onies, will fin a nce t he co n stru cti on of anoth er much needed trout hat ch er y. This new hatche r y will not o nl y permit the Commission to increase th e fish popula tion of existing streams, hut also en able u~ to stock addit ional wa terw ays capabl e of supportin g this li\'ely and popular fi sh. We have been assured of matching funds to pay the ~tate's share o f thi s joint inves tment b y Governor E rn est Vandiver. \Ve will not fail the fi sherme n of Georgia, either. Our programs of walleye stocking. sauger stocking. resenoir research , wat ershed investiga ti ons, p olluti on imestigations, r o ugh fi sh co ntr ol program s. ch annel catfish releases and man y other projects insure Georgia fisherm en of a short er time betwPen hites in years to come. T o make recreation more pleasant for water sports enthu siasts, the Game and F ish Commission will wo rk towa rd th e cr ea ti on of m or e access r oad s. m ore public clocks. mure launchin g ramps and safer conditi ons on Georgia 's lakPs anti streams. \Ve will not fa il you in our effort s to keep Georgia, water clean fo r rPt_Tea tio n and ind ustr y. Wh a t this sta te need~ is a p ositive wa ter pollu tion policy. backed up with mu sclP and m on ey. Clea n a nd useable water is essenti al for the well -being of ewry sin gle Geor gian. n ot only for recrPa ti on bu t for th e eve r yd ay esse nti als of li fe. E,er y bit o f polluti on th at makes it s way int o th e la kP~ a nd strea ms of Geo rgia rohs o ur peo ple of econ omi c gain. Geor gia will not continu e to grow u nder these coll d iti ons.

olo g i~t along Gt~orgia 's coast.
T he duty of th is tec hnician will he, n ot onl) to insurt salt water fishin g success in the fntun , hut also to stud) retrea tiu nal needs uniq ue to Georgia's coast and institn!P programs to place Georgia for emost in th e sport of salt watPr fishi ng.
ln addi tion, the Commi~sion will utilize evPq possi ble
medi a to attract more peo plt~ to Georgia "s idPal coastal
rPcrPa tion and \'acat ion ad vantages. \Ve wi ll not fa il tlw coas ta l sportsman. Nor wi ll we fai l the f ut ure. \Ve rea lize tha t every year brings more and rrwn
Georgia ns into o utd oor spurt act ivitit>s. This is true. especia ll y, wi th o ur yo ung peo ple.
To bes t cowwrve our nat ur al assets, it is mtessary that our yo ung pPople go into the outdoors with the prop er sp ir it of coop er a ti on an d wi th a complPk krruw ledge of their responsib ilit ies.
T hi s is advantageous, Hut onl y for the Game and Fis h Commission. but for every single Georgia hunter and fis herman.
We wi ll not fai l to provide leadt,rship for futun Georgia outdoorsmen.

\\rp a re Px pan d ing uur program to mcrea,.;<' outd oor rPcreation in Georgia's coastal arf'a.
For tlw fir ,.;t ti me in hi~tory . tlw Georgia Canw and Fish Commis!-'ion has <'mpiO\ ed a marnw fi,.dwn bi-

Tlw Canw and fi,..h Commi,.,..ion, through its public r<htions progra m. ha:-; a lready rrnderta kPn a three phasl' training program for ) oung-stcrs.
Tlw program !'onsists of: Cour;-;ts in natun ,.,tud) to gin~ \ nung- Ceorgian:hasiP knO\dtdge of wildlifl' and wildlift' IH'I'd" and ho\\ nat u re maintains her halarwe. Cour'""" in constnation projet'l:-;. sndr as lrahitat rc:-;to ra tion. fo r both ~anw and fish. \nd . <'ncmrragenwnt and a,.;sistance in establishing j nni or cunsenation dnls with tire coop<ration of hnntinf!, dubs and !-'porf"'lllt'n as,..ociation,... r;<'orgia is !-!t'IH'I'onsh hll':-sed with i\atun:,.. hountit;-;. Ld ns join hand:- and dl'di!'atP ours<'h <'s to makP GPorgia truh a land of Plilk and hone~ for relaxin!! in tlw great ou tdoor,.;.
21

BOATIN G vvith David Gould

WINTERIZING YOUR BOAT AND MOTOR

The l 962 boating season has ended and soon thoughts will turn toward warm, springish weather. But, unless boaters have taken the proper precautions about storing their boats and motors, spring may bring bad news.
It's a good idea to have a marine dealer inspect your boat and motor after a season's use. Better still. it's wise to go one step further and have him store it for the winter a nd return it in the spring. tunedup and ready to go.
In case you prefer to winterize the boat yourself~ a growing number of boaters do- here are some tips that will enable all boaters to be read) tn go in the spring.
If your motor has been used in salt water, it should be run a short time in fresh water hefore putting it
22

away for the winter. Although modern motors are built to resist salt water corrosion and deposits, an internal flu shin g will remove all dan ger of rust. A cloth dampened in fresh water will remove any salt deposits from exterior part s of the motor.
DHAINING MOTOR AND COOLING SYSTE:\1 It is mandator y that all fuel be drained from the
motor and the coolin g system to be given a draining and flushing.
The best wa y to drain fuel from yu ur motur is to disconnect the fuel line. and let the motor run until the carburetor is emptied. This can be done the last time the motor was used in the water-be sure to think of this next year. Also, renwmher to clean the fuel tank before storing the motor.
To drain the cool ing system. take the motor out of the wa ter and place it in an upri ght position. Give th e starter ropP several pulls to remove all water from the pump and cooling passages and eliminate the possibility of it freezin g durin g cold \\eather and crackin g the block .
CLEAN II\'G FUEL FILTER
You slwuld dean the fuel filter by removing the filter bowl and wiping it out. Clean the filter element and the howl wit h henzine or ciPar gasoline. This precaution will prevent the formation of g um deposits.
CLEANI~G SPARI\. PLLGS
Be sure. too. to remove and clean a ll th e spark plugs . While the plugs are out. squ irt some good lubricating oil into the cylinder opening a nd at the ~ame tim e rotate the flywheel manually. The oil will th en he distributed evenly over the cylinder walls. pistons and rings and dangPr of condensation and formation of ru st lessened.
Internal part::; ma) also he protected b y injtcting luh ricating oil directly into the carhurPtor through th e removable huttnn on tlw air silencPr. :\gain. giw the starter rnpP several slow pulls.
l'llOTECTI\G THHOTTLE Ll ~1\.AGE
Protect all throttle linkage from possible rust or corrosion J,y applying a coating of grease to moving parts.
To drain the gear ca~e. remo\ e the drain plug on the motor~ skeg. Drain tlw case completelv and refill with the type of outboard gear oil rPcommetHied lw tlw manufacturer.
I\SPEC'l' THE J>HOI' ELLEH
Don't foq.!,l'l to inspect the propeller. If it I:' bent or lnokl'n. take it to a marine dealer for repair or replace-

ment. Although a propeller 11Ja) not appear to be badly damaged, close inspection may reveal that it is out of pitch, a co ndi tion that can ca use poor motor performance.
CLEANil\G T HE EXTEBIOR Be s ure to clean the exte ri or of your motor. Thorough!) clean the entire mo tor with a damp cloth. After it dries. go mer the lower unit with a soft cloth to which a few drops of nil have been applied. The moto r hook is be-;t protected hy polishing it wit h a good auto wax.
STOBING BOAT AND 1\IOTOR A clean, dry storaf!e place is a must for stori ng yo ur boat. Try to avoid areas of excessi ng dampness and dust. The motor should lw stored upright on a sta nd or rack that is ofT the flo or. Don"t cm er the motor with a material that will st>al the moisture in. It's far bett er to leave it uncovered comp lt>tel y. Dust can lw removed much q ui cker than rust caused by moisture I rapped inside Ihe covering.

H ere a re a few point s to rem emf, er whe n putt ing your boat away :
R emove all gear to keep excess weig ht o ut of th e boa t. If it is stored on a trailer , r elea se tlw tran <;on holddowns and the winch rope to avoid unnecessa r y pressures. Be sure that the wt>i g ht of tlw boat i,- resting o n the tongue of the trailer and the transom support. If the rollers are pushing up against I he boat bott om. I he boat can easily develop a hook which can seriou sly a ffect its performance.
The trailer s hould be blocked up to keep th e weig ht ufT th e tires. It 's a g ood idea to r emove the wlwels an d inspect the wheel bearings. If wat er has slipped past the seaJs, the bearings will be SUSeeptibJ e (O ru st. ){ em O\"C and thorou g hly cl ean the bearin gs and re pack with the proper type of lubricant.
By following these procedures you will avoid co"th repair hills and when spring rolls a round , You 'll be a ll set to take to the wat er.

RE-REGISTRATION DUE on Boats Registered in 1960
Thirty-five thousand Georgia boat owners must rereg ister their boats during the next two months or lose their present numbers, tlw Came and Fi"h Commi ssion said toda y.
Commission director Fulton Lovell sa id exi st ing reg i:-.tration numbers will not be held open later than Dec. ;)] . Boat ers "ho do not wi sh to be a ssig ned an oth er number should re-reg ister h e fon ~ the deadlirw.
Ceorf!' ia "s mot o rbo a t law requires r e-re~ i s t ra t ion of ;dl

boa ts with mo tors in ~~ x cess of ] 0 horse po\H'r e \e r ~ th rl'l' yea rs. Dec. ;)}_ 1'>62. i;-; the u pco min g d eadlin e.
Lovell "ai d all boat,. ori gi nally ng i<; tered in I <J(JO m u ~ t re-reg ister be fo re Ihoi". :~I. Hoa t owner:' \\ ho reg i ~ t ered their craft in 1()(If ha Ye unti l Dec. ;) I. l 9Cd. to reclaim th eir p resen t num lwr,- .
A pp~i c ati ons for re-regi:o- trat ion m a \ f,e ohtairwd from hun tin g a nd fishing !iCI,tl>'l' d1'a le r" t lrrou~ lwut C('orgia. or fr om th e C.a me an d F'i"h Corn mi:-; ;-;ion,. ll( ldt rl'~i,.tra t ion did s io n. 10] ~!irk Ca pitol Buil di ng. \t lm11a. C eorgia.
Lm dl said a ll application;-; and lllfltl<'\ ordn'" ~Iwuld lw mailed to tlw Commi,.,.ion";-; boat in_!.! di, i,.ion.
23

THE HUNTER'S ETHICS
By JOHN MADISON and ED KOZICKY

In hunting. as in everything else, there are givers and takers, some nwn give advantage; others take it.
The "giver" respects and cherishes the game he hunts ano takes it in a sporting manner- offering it ad\'antage- or doesn't take it at all. He puts his own comfort ano enjoyment second to that of his companions, and makes an effort to learn the life ways ano neeos of wildlife to the end of making himself a heller hunter or conservationist. He's the guy who may take a neighborhood kid out plinking. or speno the last Jay of his Yacation hunt trailing a crippled buck.
The "taker'' is self-centere1l to a fault. He may not obviously violate the hunting ethic by hogging game or shooting biros on the ground, but he feels obligation only to himself.
None of us is perfect. In some respects we 'rc all " takers" and have field traits which offend our partners or aren ' t fair to the game we're hunting. The fact is, a few small faults 1n a partner help cushion our own. A Jones cap is more becoming to a hunter than a halo.
But a high per sonal ethic is reflected in a sincere respect for others property - whether it's a borrowed knife or a borroweo game cm'ertaml for others' rights. The knife 1s rarel y borro\\ eo, fo r a genuin e hunter knows that hunting gear is as JWrsonal as a man 's toothbrush. But anything he must horrow is returned in topnotch condition. and is horroweo c, nly once. T he same r espec t is shown borrowed huntin g c ount ry. The ''giVP r" know s th a t trespass is oft en regar dPd as a pe rson al insult b y landownPrs, and he does not use a man 's land wi thout h is pe rmission. He also fPds tha t findi ng a place to hunt is his own dut) 0 ano not that of the go\'ernmen t or of fr ie no s.
It is sonwti rnes necessar y for tlw ginr to takP. hu t wlwn he does so he rPsponds with gPnuinc gr a titud e and usually sonw tok1n of app r ef~ iati o n. If gran ted JWrmission to hunt on privatP property. lw fpels obliga ted to np a \ that Lnor in some way m aylH~ an ofT-stason yi;.it, a dimwr irn ita ti on o r som Jl"rsonal IIIPrs. \nd if fr iend s

share their favorite hunting grounds with him, he returns in kind.
This basic consioeration is also oi rected toward the game he hunts. The 'giYer'" will go to a ny end to recover crippled game, and lost game is a blot on his conscience. Game brought to bag is promptly ano ca refully processeo to insure high table quality aml no waste. It isn't oonated to a neighbor's garbage can, uncleaned and maybe even tainted. When the ethical hunter makes a gift of game--which he may rarely do- he gives the best hirds and choicest cuts to people who will appreciate them. He regards hoth friends arHI ga me too hi ghly to treat ei ther with oisrespecl.
The ethi cal hunter's interest is not a sometime thing that blossoms only in Octolwr. He has a solid stake in hunting that manifest itself in a ll seasons. for he feels obligated to pay in some measure for the enjoyment he's had Juring the hunting season . .Ma) be he joins spring planting programs of his local sportsmen's club, or rides herd on legislation, or is actiVP in youth training program.
Gun safety is a re ligion with him. He "knows the gun., and makes no unreasonable tlemamb of it. He knows its capabilities and how to us1~ it safely. effec tiYely and nwrcifully. He is often an all-sPason shooter who takes prioe in his gunning. not only for shooting's own sake but as an effort to harvest game cleanly. He invariably kPeps a hunting dug, knowing that such a dog will reduce crippling losses of game and ado immea~urably to the sport.
Such a man g ivPs much to the men who hunt "ith him. the hoys who are influenced h) him. ano to the game of huntin g itself. Arro in g iving advanta ge ratlwr tlran gra,;ping it :-;plfishly.
lw richh rPwards himself as well.
Th e a uthor~ are with the con~ervation de partm e nt of the Olin \lathie~on Chemical Corporation, E a,. t Alton, Illinoi ".
* * * Tlw woodcock never sees what slw ~~ats . By driving her three inch bill into the mud, her highly sensitive tip feel s earthworms upon which she fe ed s .

24

Chattahoochee
( continued f rom page 13)
THE AREAS
Lake Burton- 15,000 acrPs in the Challah oochee National Forest 1n Rabun County. Open for deer hunting and spring gobbler hunting.
fohn 's Jlfountain - 22.000 acres located in Gordon County. Recently stocked with deer and turkeys, it provides excellPnt hunting for both specres.
Blne Ridge---1.5.000 acres in tlw Chattahoochee National Forest. Excellent deer and spring turkev hunting. Small game abundant.
C!tattahoochee- 35,000 acres in the Chattahoochee Natitonal Forest in Wh ite County. Excelle nt clcer and ,;mall game hunting.
Tr'anl'o man - 15,000 acres In tlrP Chatt ahooc hee National Forest in Rabun County. Excellent deer hunting and small game.
Lake Russell- 18.000 acres in Habf'rs ham anJ Stephens. Beautiful Lake Russell. locatco in a ,alley between seenic mountains, harbors an ahmrdanf'e of dePr and small game.
Camping is permitted on all game rnanagPment areas. Hunters are in vited t o set up camp in dPsignated places.
Wilolife rangers are alwa ys on hand Jurin g man agco hunts to help hunters to select camping sites and otTer addcP on the bPst placP.s to hunt. SpPcial hunts are hclo on many o f the areas for archers. Areas and elates of tlre hunts are always announced hy the Game ano Fish Comrm ssron.
Dece mber is set aside as :-mall game hunting month on many of the Gam!' and Fish Department's game mana genwnt area:-;.
During that month. squirrel. grouse, raccoon, opossum and rabbit huntPrs are gh en an opportunity to pursue thei r favorite game in sollll' of the best habitat to lw found amwh ere.
Because tir e) a re intensiH~ly managed by ga me tcthnitians. small ga nw ani mals are ahunoant in ganw management areas and a hunting trip into an~ nne of the open arPas usualh JHH's ofT for hmrtl'rs.

Pittman-Robertson (Continued from page 5)

include:-; all phase:; of de,elopment aethitie:-;. Small ga me and wat erfo wl are produced in quantity on many of these areas.
\\rildlifc Trapping aml Hestocking
This project furnishes brood stock of deer and turk('ys for management areas. I'R has trapped and restocked on carefully selected sites. over 2,100 whitetailed deer and 100 wild turk eys.
Farm Game llahitat Denlopmcnt
Initiated on July 1, 19Ll3 for res !oration and development of farm game habitat, this program co nsists largely of the distribution of planting materials to farmers, landowners, and other people interested in setting up a farm game management program.
Planting material consists of Bi color lespedeza seedlings and an an nual ;,;eed mixture of seyeral choice qu ail foods. The:-;e materials are available in limited fJUantities <luring January or February; however, applications must be made with the local Wildlife Ran ger prior to No' emher 15th.

Ten investigational studies are lu-~ ing co ndu cted to ohtain answers to mana gPment problems of keeping abreast of trends in game population co nditi ons. These studies include work in wildlife diseases. Little has been known previously of most wild. life afllictions.
Effects of hunting pressurf's on deer lwrds are watched to assurf' an adequate hanest and that the re source is not over-harvested.
Work has continued throughout the fir eant co ntrol program to care fully evaluate its effects on bobwhite quail populations as well as other birds and animals.
'-'lourning doves and woodducks are trapped. banded. and inventoried to furnish correct information to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Servif'e who es tablish annual hunt ing regulations.
Inventories continue on all native game species to determine changes in wildlife populations and to assist the Commission in estab li shing annual hunting regulations.
These P-R projects have been a boon to Georgia hunters in the past and will continue to do so in the future. It can be said that Pittman llobert son does. indeed. help fill the hunter's bag.

GAME LAWS All HUNTERS NEED TO KNOW
Opening dates begin with sunrise and closing dates end at sundown on datf's specified.
It is unlawful to hunt in Georgia while under the influence of any Intoxicating beverage,;.
[ach Deer and each Wild TurkeY killed must be reported in writing t~ the Georg ia Game and Fish Commis,;ion wi thi n fiw ( 5) day,.
Finarms for Deer are limited to shotguns loaded with slu gs or 8o. 1 bucbhot or larger , or to rifles using any c<~llt<' r fin, cartridge .22 calibre or abm(~ with the following cxccp tions: .2.1-20; .:~2-20: .:30 Annv Carbine: .22 Hornet or .2W He<~:
It is illegal to kill or po:"sess the nwat of an y female deer, f'XCf' pt in count ie~ where tlw takin g o f d oc is lf' g al.

When hunting rabbit"', squirrels, upossum, raccoon, it is unlawful to use or have in possession for the purpose of so hunting shot gun shells. if using sho tgun large r than sizP 1\,ju. 1. shot , or if hunting with a rifle , shells larger than .22 calibre.
Regulations on .Mi grat or y Ga me suc h as Do,es. Ducks, Geese. Bra nt. l{ail and Coot are th e same as Fed e ral Regulations, which must be published as soon as establislwd.
Regulations as to hunt ing. trapping and fishing in the \lan agenlf'nt Ar!'a of tlw Chattahoodw< i\ a ti onal F'orc:-;t. arc promul ga ted jointl y b y F'f'deral and Stat e authoriti es a nd will he puhli~lwd whe n f' st a hli shPd.
Shot g un~ must he p lu g~e d to limit then to a cap<wity of : ~ ~ h f' ll s on both \ati\f' Gam e Bi rds a nd A n imal~ and .\li ~!Tat ory Bird s.
llnnting ho ur s S unrise to 5un:-;et. Except ions- Haccoo ns, Opo~~um and F o x.

Ranger Bob's Nimrod's Notebook
One of tlw ,;f'veral thousand no n-
fatal hunting !'as ualties last \ear was a ) oun gstPr :-;howing sonw of hi:-; friends how lw :-;hot himself the year before with a .22 rifl e. Thi s ti111e IH~ used a shotgun and put a chilled load of 1\'o. 6s into his right foot.
A lmost all hunting aecicl!'nts are tlw results of situations that could haYc been a\ oided. Wh en you go afield, li' e hy the 10 Command ments of Safety :
1. Treat eve r y g un with the respect due a loaded gun.
2. Guns carried into camp or home, or when otherwise not in use, must always be unloaded, and taken down or have actions open; guns always should be carried in cases to the shooting area.
3. Always be sure barrel and action are clear of obstructions and that you have only ammunition of the proper size for the gun you are carrying. Remove oil and grease from chamber before firing.
-1. Always carr y your gun so that you can control the direction of the muzzle even if yo u stumble: keep the safety on until you are ready to shoot.
5. Be sure of your tar ge t before you pull the trigger: kno w the identifying features of the ga me you intend to hunt.
6. Never point a gun a t an ythin g you do not want to :;hoot: av o id all horseplay while handling a g un.
1 . U natt<rlflcd g un s should be ur i loaded ; gu ns an d a mm unit io n should be storf' d sepa ra tely beyond reach of ch ildren and ca reless adu lts.
B. NeYer climb a tree or a fe nce or j um p a di tch wi th a loaded gu n : nner pull a gun toward you by the muzzle.
9. i\e\er shoot a bullet at a flat, hard surface or the surface of
watPr: wh('n at larg!'! prac tice. lw ~Lir<' your backstop i:-; ade quate.
10. .\\Oicl alcoholic drinh lwforc or during :-;lwoting.

25

YO UTH AFIELD
Things to do in winter

Winter is a wonderful time of the year for many interesting things to do. It is abo a time when yo ung people can be great assistants to nature in helping her perform many of her chores. When th e weather is unusually severe we have nice warm homes and school~ to go to and plenty of food in the kitchen. But outside, our wildlife friends must bear the full force of wi nter and the hard conditions it brings. Most of them have warm fur coats, thick layers of insulating fat, or other means of protecting themselves from the winds and snow, but no grocery stores or food lagers to rely on for food nJpplies. This is espPcially true among the bird family.
Why not help nature feed the little birds during the long winter? You will be greatly rewarded by the many beautiful songs and colors of all
kinds of birds that will lw attracted to your feeders.
So many different kind:- of bird feeders may h~ built that we are nut listing matPrials and proced urPs for each type. These an' several diffprent kinds, all of which can Le built from Pasily obtained matPrials. at home or at ::.chool.
Tlw windo\v shelf, No. I, !'an lw
built <Js plain or as fancy a,_ ) ou
26

want it. A roof can be put over it to keep off rain and snow, or the shelf may be protected by a window awning. The weathervane feeder, No. 2, if mounted so that it can turn freely, will be turned by the wind so that the closed side is always toward the wind , so that the birds may feed in the sheltered space.
For birds that eat insects and other animal life. suet is a good substitu te. Put the suet in a wire holder No. 6, or a knitted bag. No. l. and suspend from a branch, clothes line, or other support. Or put the suet in a piece of hail screen attached to a tree trunk or pole. No. 3.
Self feeders like No. 5 are ex-
cellent for birds that prefer grain or WPPd seeds. You can think of several otlwr kinds of bird feeders. All sorts of boxes or containers can be used. Do not paint the feeders- birds sPem to feel more at home with weathered wood than with painted wood.
Other even simpler feeders are possible. For example, you ma y drive several large nails through a board and fasten the board, with nails protruding, to a pole or tree. Suet balls. apples, slices of bread, pieces of meat, or other food may be stuck on tlw
protruding nails. S uet balls are made hy ktwading togetlwr equnl parb of mix1d grain aiHl ground suPt. and nwldin~ tlw mixture into balls alwut t\H inclws in diameter.

Bird feeders serve to attract birds to the home or school yard where the children may watch them at close range. The kinds of birds that use each type of food provides an interesting study. In severe weather the lives of many birds may be sa\ed lJy regular feeding.
RABBIT FEEDER
Materials large juice can coat hanger
Procedure
Select an empty juice can that has both ends in place. Using tin snips, cut an opening in the side of the can, and remove the tin. This opening should be about three inches wide and extend almost the full length of the can.
Make a hole in each end of the can. With wire cutters, cut a coat hanger in two and place the cut ends in the holes made in the ends of the can.
Hook the end of the coat hanger u\er a bush low enough for rabbits to reach the food placed in the can.
A variety of food can be put in the
can.
Value
Children can feed the rabbits, t>specially when the g round is cmered with snow. 1\.eeping food ou t for rabbits may kePp them from barking young trees and rose bushes.
HAI N GAUGE
.;\laterials coffee can or any flat bottom can with straight sides steel tape or plastic rule board. 6 x 12 inches or so nails
Procedure Fastf'n the can to the board by
driving nail~ all around the outside of tlw can, being careful not to make mn hole:-; in tlw ca n. l'lacP the board with the attached can in an open ~pa!'!'. !win g cardul to have tlte board JtyeJ. To lll!'<J~ll re the rainfall, pl<ICP

one end of the tape or rule against the bottom of the can. being careful to hold the tape or ru le upright ; read the number and fractions of inches at the water mark.
Value Children will be able to keep rec-
ords of the rainfalL and to compare the amount of rainfall with that of other localities and stations.
L1TTLE CLL\IATES i\Iaterials
2 one-quart Mason Jars 2 Kerr jar rings

1 can black enamel 1 paint hrush solder and flux sandpaper
Procedure
With sandpaper clean the top surface of the Kerr jar rin gs. Apply flux to the surface of the jar rings. Solder the tops of th e two jar rings together. Care should be taken to keep the tops of the rings together as the solder melts and flows between the tops surfaces before it solidifies. Snap clothes pins will help to hold th e lids securely as they are being soldered.

Paint one jar hlack. When dry screw the black jar in one of the rings an(} th e clear jar in the other.
TT alf gallon jars which have the same mouth size as tire Kerr jar rings may be used if a larger container is desired.
Value
This piece of apparatus will allow children to ob:-erve behavior or insPcts or other small anima},; in r(~ spunse to changes in temperature, or to light and darkness. l\lany other types of observation can he made by the children.

New Public Hunting Area Open

A 28,000-acre public hunting area for small game in Bartow and Cherokee counties opened this fall.
T"enty-four thou sand acres of the land are a part of the timber lands owned by Georgia Kraft Company, and the remaining 1,000 acres are owned by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers.
'The multipk mw of Georgia Kraft Company timberlands is an important contribu ti on to the people of Georgia. particularly at a time when public recreation partiCipants are o\erloadi ng public rec reation facilities," LO\ell said.
The area will be managed by Commission wildlife biologists, who will work to increase small game yields throu gh a program designed to fit in 'dth the preva iling forest management practices.
~lr. E. V. ~Ic S win ey, vice pres id ent of Georgia Kraft Company. has ex pressed hi s co mpan y's plPasure with tlw agreement in accordance with Georgia Kraft Company's policy of multiple U !"e of company-owucd forPst lands.
~Ir. ~lcSwiney said that " timber crops are not the only benefit from compa n y-owned fonsts, hut huntin~. fi shin g and ot her recrf'ational actidtie:-; arP al so important products of th e forests."
These land,., in Bartow and ClwrokL>e counties a rf' a part of CPo rg ia Kraft's woodlands operations in G(or gia and Alabama. Georgia Kraft Com-

pany, one of the largest paper board manufacturers in Georgia, operates mills at Macon and Rome.
Operations were begun in Georgia in l<JI8. Over 100 profes::;ionally trained foresters supervise Georgia Kraft 's wood procurement and woodlands program, promoting and en
C"ourap:inp: fore,.;t consetTation and proper land n:-t~ on prhate lands as wf'Il a,., practice of good forestry on !lw comJHlllV's timberlands.
\l r. Jack Cnwkford, dtid of ~alliP mana~.wmcnt for tlw Commi,.,,.;ion, ,.;aid that the ana will lw op<'ll for puhlic hunting in accordance with statP

hunting regulation s, and hunters may seek all types of game that ha\'e an open season in the counti es involvl'd. Furthermore, it is no t necessary for a hunter to make prior arrangements or to secure a :-;pecial permit for hunting on these lands. All hunt ers using these areas are urged to stay within the marked boundaries and he Pxtremely careful with fires.
The State Game and Fish Connnission will provide the necessary game management development on the land and carry out the necessary enforcement \\ork in exchange for these puhlic huntin g rights.
Complete information ahout this new public hunting area, which will Le open during the regular state hunting season, is available from anr wildlife ranger or from the Stat~ CamP and Fish Commission oflicc in Atlanta.
27

HUNT ING SUCCESS
. the yardstick lor your Wildlife Administration

One of the Georgia Game and Fish Commission's pri mary purposes is to produce the max im um number of wild game species for hunters and still ma intain suffi cient brood stock for perpetuating the species. The best way to judge the success of the season is an annual estimate of the wi ldlife hanest.
The knowledge of the yearly take of game birds and mamma ls means the same to wi ldlife m an agement as the volu me of sales does to business.
O ne out of eve ry twen ty sportsmen in Georgia ''ill recei\e a game hane~t questionnaire from the commission req uesti ng informa tion on hi s hunting activi ti e~.
Three and one-half year old, 285 pound buck deer k ill ed by Dr. C. T. Rainey on November 4, 1962 in Greene County, Georgia. Dr. C. T . Rainey is a staff mem ber of the Deportment of Cl inics and Medicine at the Unive rsity of Georgia' s School of Veterinary Medicine.

This questionnaire will he the method used to estimate th e annual take of wi ldlife to insure wise management and wise use of licc n:-;e fee funds.
The anima ls being in ves ti gated are deer , turkey, quail , rabbit, squirreL mourn ing do\C. ducks and geese. Sportsm en are requested to give. b~ co unties, their total kill and da ys hu nted for each species. T hrou gh modern statisti cal methods, the to tal k ill ca n be es timated.
The number of people to recei\e questionnaires in eac h count y will be in proporti on to th e total sal es of licenses. This informat ion will determine where sport smen ar e living in rela tion to th e game :-;pecies hunted.
Ob viously. where the sportsman lives is not enough. In recent years, the hunting population has changed. :\1an y people have moved to the cities. But each yea r th ey go hunting. But '' here d o they hunt and what ? T he knowledge of the di stributi on of huntin g press ure for game species taken is of paramount importance. Thi s inform a tion will help tu insure pr operl y r eg ulated harv ests of yo ur wildlife resources. Also, new restoration and devel opment projects can improve hunting for th e preferred game near the sportsmen.
All sportsmen ca n help. Encourage e very one rece ivin g a questionna ire to return the desired info rmati on soon . II does not matter how much or how little yo u h ave hunted . Each qu estionna ire received is of equ al importance. A high respo nse is needed to ac hi eve ou r goals. We hope you a re wi lling to hel p.

HOW OLD IS OLD?

One man 's middle age is another "s youth, th e saying goe;;;. This is especially true among the various species of animals. \rhil e most realize g iant tortoises reach a pretty ri pe old age (circa 150 od d years 1, it is a bit startling to find out s\\ a ns have li\ cd as long as 102 years. In the interest of cur iosi t) e \cryw here. the Winchester News Bureau give;;; u" th e following information:

Animals-:'

rears

Parrot (B)

_ 30

Elephant (i\1 )

69

o,, Crt. Honwd II B) ()3

Alligator (H)

Gn

Snapping Turtle II{) _ 57

Eagle (B)

55

Giant Salamander I A) 5S

Horse IM)

SO

Hippopotamus IJ\1) l<J

ChimpanZf'P (1\1)

,I()

Toad (A)

36

Grizzly Bear I :\I)

: ~2

Bison ll\1)

:HJ

Lion (l\11

:w

A nimals~

Years

Bullfrog (A)

30

Cobra (R ) _

28

Tiger (l\ 1)

25

English Sparrow

2:~

Elk (l\1)

22

Cottonmouth {R )

21

Mountain Lion (M) 20

Bea\'er (M)

19

Wolf (l\1)

Hi

Squirrel (M)

16

Chipmunk (l\1)

12

Gian t Tortoise 1ft l 152

!lox Tnrtle (I{)

]2:)

S\\an ( B )

]()2

28

* \1

n ~ l ammals ;

Binh- : H

lt(pti les: 1\

.\ mphib -

w ns

I \otc: T hese examples of old age ha\e been dwsen from the relia ble nTords of zuos ;md <r q uariums all mer the worl d ; it is en tire ly possibk C('rta in species ha\ f' <w h in ed ;md do achie\ f' old(r age,.; in the ir nati,e ('ll\ ironment. l

SAINT
or

SINNER

b the bobcat a saint or a sinner? St udi es at th e Cooperathe Wildlife ll('search Uni t at A uburn indicate he is both. While he has been known to feast on li\estock and poultry, th e bobcat also eats such farm economic pests as rats and mice. Often called the "wildcat," the bob cat probably occurs throughout Geor g ia. It liYes in mountain areas, ,.;wamps, fields , and for ests. Trapping, hunting, and poison campaigns have fai l<'d to ex terminate this cunning creature. f-'ood rceo\ered from stomachs of I IS bobcat~ between 191-7 and l1J5 I pro\ide a dw, as to the ea t's ea ting hahit~. As ~lwwn o rr tir e accompany ing chart, rabbits provide Gl.l % of tlw \ olume of food for bobcats dur in ~ tlw y1ar. Tlw rabbit wa s th e bulk of food for th<' cat in ('Very month uf the year. l>(f'r provid1'd li.S', ; of the food . Dt'n art> l'i!ll'll rrro"l fwqwHtly in .lalltrar) and FPinuary. No deer nw;tt 11 :1,.; fotllul in hohrat< :-l(>lll:tchs from

May through August. Most of the deer eaten by the bobcat may consist of dead or wounded animals, since this food item was usually consumed during and following the hunting season.
Contrary to expectations, wild turkey was found in only one stom ach. Quail was found in only two stomachs and made up less than 2(1 ~, of the diet. Domestic chickens were found in three stomachs, for a total percentage of 3.5. Remains of o ne mallard duck. several song birds, and o ne hawk were found. Squirrels made up L1 % of the bobcat's food and were eat('n m ost fr eq uen tly in Dece m her. January. and February. Hoden t,.,,
including rats and mice, made up 5';
o f tir e diet. These were eaten in tiH' g reatest numbers from June through A uc,usl. Hac1o o n ~ a nd possum,.; n)l] stitutt-d 1.~~; oi the di('t.
Tlres1 1ating hal>it ,- put the boh~ a t iu hotlr good a nd had brackt"t-.. C.r tainl y. lw j,.. rwt "" ..hlal'k ' ' ;r" ofll'll paintl'll.

TAKES

Birds
5.9 %
Rabbits
65.1%

.....
~
d!t
. e

Squirrel
4.3%

~~ ~-

Rodents
5.0%

r~

Predators
4.3%
Deer
14.5%

~

29

Short Casts

(Continued from page 19)

Fort St Pwart is a 279,000 acre r eservation near Hinesville. Some 600 dPer were han estPd on the installation last yt>a r.
Lovell sa id the denial in no way eliminated the possibility that th e F ort ma y be opened for doe hunting in the near future.
Lovell said an edu cation program is needed to teach sportsmen that deer herds must be controlled by an adequate annual harvest.
* * * If you "re in the market for a good buffalo steak- you can get one from the U. S. Government.
A total of 233 buffalo, 75 elk and 137 longhorn catt le were sold from three federal refuges in Oklahoma, l\Iontana and Nebraska recent ly.
In case you want to get m on next years sales, here art> thP pricPs:
Buffaloes wen t for $180 each on the hoof. Butchered elk sold from $110 to $ 1-15. Prices on longhorns varied.
* * * The old saw about big lures catch big fish is a common enough expression around the tackle counter. But h ow true is it, particu larly in to(la) 's era of tiny cheese baits for trout and poppin' hugs for bass.
Some energetic fi~hin g folk s put their heads togetht>r on thP subj ect and came up with somP intPresting observations that suggest this bit of '"country wisdo m" might have considerahle mPrit.
First ofT, the y admit , fish a re not prone to fo ll ow any rul e that mi ght be devised, a nd that a great many fish st>em to go out of their way to be the exceptio n. But , it was ag reed, under g iven co nditions the largest fish would lw takt>n hy largt> r types of lures a nd baits. Some exa mpl es:
( l) T hat in da y- in-d ay-o ut fi shin g, a large minno\\ woul d produ ct> m orP fi sh than a smaller one, and it wou ld a ttra ct more of bragg in ' size.
(2) T hat the cold water species such as lake trout and dt>Pp r unning ra inbows wo uld r Pspond to large spoons, strea mer fl ies a nd lurPs q ui cker than thPir pygm ysized cousins. I n this catPgory, it was noted that a good ly gang of spinners. shin y eels and other odds of flashing hardware precedi ng the bar bed attractions seemed to en hance tlw delt>dible qu alities of the offerin g.
(:~I The clincher, JW rh aps, came in disc ussi ng the popul arity of black lt>ad heads with pork rind which are used :-;o sucrPssfullv in taking Ju nker bass in the so uth . This !'omhination, \Lrking even during the dark of the moon, Iota):-; up to eight or nine inclws i n length , but see ms to J,c just the tick!'! for the vo r acio us largem outh.
\ow. \\ atch tlw fish JHO\f' 'pm wro ng.

Small Game Hunts
Ctor;,!ia':-; "ildlift rdug( ' man ageme nt a rt>a:-; \\ill op( n for snrall gam!' lrnllls 011 ).', ida ys an d Sa turd a)" lkcemlwr I tlrroll;,!lr l>tT('nder 2().

30

Deer hunting on all management areas will be on November 19. 20, and November 22 through 2-1. Hag limit will be one buck deer wi th visible antlers.
An any deer " hunt is scheduled for the Blue Hidge. Chattahoochee, Chestatee, Lake Burton, Clark Hill and Cedar Creek (o ld Piedmont Area) game management areas on 1\'ovember 26.
Due to the small size of the Clark Hill area, permits will be limited to 150, and will be available on a ''first come, first served" basis.
Ba ited Fields
One of the most confusing conservation laws to be enforced in rece nt years is the regulation against shooting doves over bait.
The puzzling part of the law has been the interpretation of exactly what constitutes a " baited field."
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service last year issued a bulletin givi ng an interpretation of baiting regulations. llunters may shoot:
( l ) OvPr gra in fields sePded m a normal agricultural manner.
!2) 0\er standing crops.
o, (~ l er flooded standing crops of grain or other feed,
including aquatics.
( I ) 0\er grain crops properl y shock ed on fi elds where grown.
(5) Owr stan ding gra in or other feed crops grazed hy Ji,estock. An f'Xa mpl e of this is a ho gged down corn field.
(6) Ove r grain found sca tt ered as th e result of normal agricultural harvest.
(7) Over weed fields, pasture lands, wooded or other areas "he re salt, grain or other feed has not bee n scattered or deposi ted so as to constitute a lure or attraction fur such birds.
(g I 0\er fields \\ ht>re grai ns or ot lwr crops have fallen to the ground from natural causes.
(9) OvPr burned areas from wh ich crops ha\e been rt>moved, or on which no agricu ltural grain or seed crops \\ere grown duri ng the current year.
(I 0) Over farm ponds or oth er watt>r areas which ha\e not been baitf'd.
* * * The three areas where it is illegal to hunt migratory game birds are:
( ll Over ba it- or by means, aid and use of bait- or 11n or o\t>r any areas where grain. salt, or other feed capable of luring or a ttracting such birds is placed. deposited. distrib ut ed or sca tt ered except as the result of a normal agricultural planting or harvesting.
(2 ) Over fe ed lots where grain is presPnt as a result of feeding livestock .
(~~ ) Onr areas where grain c rops hmc h!'en cut down , drag;.\Pd do\\ 11, knocked down, hurnt>d 0\ cr or otherwise manipulated and left on the ground.

Ranger Bob's Nimrod's Notebook
All deer hunters ag ree that th e rea l thrill in hun ti ng is baggin g a hu ck , but tho~e wh o have enj oyed p ro perl y cooked wnison a r ound th e campfire- or in the lu xur y of t!J ci r dinin g ro om- know that eatin g it i:;; equ all y as l' njoyablc.
\Vhen you bag yo ur buck- a nd yo ur cha nces are g reat er th a n ever nowada y~ - tr y thi s d eer h u nter's d eli gl1t. It's called d ee r loin steak.
Cut a :,-)ice of deer lo in a n inch and o ne-h a lf thick . Place it in tl1 e skillet with on e tablespoon of butter. Cook th e loin five minutes o n each si d e, th en r educe tl1 e heat. Add a glass of port wine and simmer for 20 minutes and you have a real deer hunter's taste treat.
* * *
Patience is a virtue in deer hunting. It's been proven that the hunter wh o selec ts a stand and s ticks with it is th e one who gets the Lest sho ts. The hunter wh o st alks th e wil y bu ck sees m ore d eer but gets less sh ots- a nd wor:;;e shots- th an the still hunter . The hunter wh o u ses do gs gets the least and wor st shots of all.
A Lu ck d eer is a ver y war y animal. Don 't be di s-
couraged if you see plent y of d oes but n o bucks. ] ust remember that, during r uttin g season, bucks are cautious and seldom seen, not nearl y as frequently as does. Nature intended it to be that way.
So, if you see onl y does on yo ur next hunt- b e pa ti ent. Proba bl y sl1 e's servin g as a n ad vance g uard for a wily b uck and yo ur quarry is somewhere a round .
OUR PUBLIC LANDS
Celebrating 150 years of public land man agement, th e f ederal Bureau of Land ;\l a nagement 's qua r terly maga zine, Our Public Lands, hig hli g hts the ac ti vities o f the Bureau of Land 1\lanagement, which is responsible for administering 467 million acres, some 20 per cent of the la nd a rea in th e U nited States. The Bureau has char ge of such Ya ried ac tivities as sa les of oil leases for sub mer ged land s o fT T exas a nd Lou isiana, and contro l of fo rest fires in vast areas of Alaska .
T he 32-page special ed ition (Apri l, 1962) printed Ill Iwo co lors, is ava il ab le fro m the Superintendent of Documen ts, Gove rnment P rinting Offi ce, W ashin gton 25.
D.C. S ingle copies a re 15 cen ts, and o ne-year subscripti o ns
arc GO ce nts.
DEE trS D EATH " P CZZLES"' OFFI C IALS
\V ildlife offi cials co uld n't u nd erst a nd h ow 1\ lr:;;. Ber tie
l:11l ~) i ll er and three of her fr iPnd s ''held a deer to deat h."'
;\I rs. :\Ii lle r, a ge l 5. was pickin g co tto n in a fi eld near Surw o od when her h usband . l{ul>eu, was a ll achd !. y a buck d ee r. ;\ Irs. \I iller r ushed to her h usba nd's rescue, hut tlw e nr ag1d deer t unwd on her and k nocked her d o wn.
T hen, Berti e Bdl sa id , she and lwr h usband and I\\" fri ends, Anni e ll owar d a nd P a ul ice f r anklin, both of X or wood, i!r ahhet! th e dc1r an d " hehl"' it to death.
Stale Game a nd fi ,..h Diwctor Fult on Lm1 JI ,-aid the deer died of ,. trang ula t ion.

In keepi ng with tlw season , he r1 arc so ru e mou tlr-water in g rec ipes fo r d eer. du ck and r abbit. S uc1essfu l hunter.~ sho uld tr y th ese d eli cious di shes.

SnF IE D V EI\ ISO :'-i S nm ,LDER

Venison shoulder. boned

I cup chopped ham

I cup bread crumhs lj:.! tea>'p11un salt 1;8 teaspoon pepper I carro t. sli ced 1/x tea spo o n pa pr ika 1 union, m inced Small can mu s hroom s

1 /l llll~l/11~/~!f,~~ijl/il)l~~~ll:;III/I
3 2108 04554 0476

1 clove garlic, minced

1 cup white wine

Bone s houlder. Stuff wi th ham . bread cr um b>', sa lt,

pepper , papri ka . Sew th<> <;.hould er. Braise wit h carr ot,

un io n, mushrooms, g ar lic, wh itt> wine, When d one , dr ain

fat. b row n f1 11ur. thi cken sa uce.

HABBIT, C AMP STYLE
1 rabbit 2 tablespoons lemon juice
2 tablespoons butter
1 teaspoon lemon juice Salt and pepper lj~ c up whi te wine 1 tablespoon parsley, chopped Skin , clean. Wipe witl1 lem o n JUICe. Hub with pepper. Cut into small ser ving pieces. Brush biscuit pa n wi th m elted huller. Add m eat. Put o ver h ot fir e. Cook ten m inutes. Salt well. Turn a nd coo k 8 minutes on the o tl1 er side. Add l teaspoon lemon juice. salt, white wi ne. Hea t 2 minute>'. Serve. Skim ofT exce:-s fa t. F ur gravy, th ick1'1J with fl our a nd water paste, a dd I ta blespol'm chopped pa rsley. let it co me to bo il a nd sene.

CANTONESE D ucK
2 wild du c b , 2 to 2! p o und s ( d re~ sed wei!-! hl ) Garli c salt a nd peppP r J, spr i~s p a rsley l lem on . halYed () sl ices bacon 1;, cup beer
1 1 cup d ry mustard I ,~ teaspoon acce nt 2 tahl1,-pouns soy saul'c
cnp apricot prcsencs tablespoon lemon j uicc lca:-poo 11 ~-!rated orauge 1wel I! ~"U P illllln. nult~d ~pri11kll' drwb iu~i1k and out with salt and pepper. Place 2 ,_;pri;.:" par,-!l'y and 1.:.! lemon in emi t~ of tach. Co\1'1 lnI'<J"I~ with kreon and f<l,..lrn \rith :-Iring. 1-'or Ca nloJH':-1' >'auce. >'lir L1er into dn mustard. :--tir in rtmaininl! iugrl'dil'lll>' cx1rpt hulln and heal in d(luble boiler m 1r hot wa!lr. Jll acP ducb lrea,.[-. up in a baking pan. l:oa,_;! in pnlwated :).)() dP~JI'I' (1\en I;') minul1'" 1wr pound. ha>'ling frequent!) witlr lnrllcr and onc1" witlr Caulorw,..r ,_;;riJI'I'. C:rn1 duck,-. S1n I' \\ itlr \\hilt' rin. rt'lll<llnlll~ C<nllonl""l' smwe and ale or lwer. \Lrk1,.. I

f
RIDG E POLE OF TENT
OF HOOKS

CAMPING TIPS

}

A CLEAN CAMP IS A HAPPY O NE!

LENGTH OF ')APLING
T' BY 2" FOR
COAT AND HAT HANGER t:J~

THI S WAY YOUR SOAP IS

WASH STAND M AD E FROM
SA PLIN GS

CRANES AND POT - HOOKS COME

dI

~
I\

.

\\j

.\ '

I I

iS HANDY ITEM WILL SAVE A FEW SINGED FINGERS

TENT PEGS MADE FROM MATERIALS
A r HAND

r-..,. ~ SAL-r: ? EP~tR. ~ ~()R_t(

\_

C'Oil_l(

BAfv\P..ou

SALT AND PEPPER CONTAINER MADE FROM PIECE OF BAMBOO

A FIRST AID KIT IS A MUST IN CAMP

BEFORE LEA VI NG A C AMP BE SURE Y OUR FIRE IS DEAD OUT!

GEORGIA GAME AND FISH COMMISSION
412 STATE CAPITOL BUILDING
ATLANTA. GEORGIA

SEC. 34.66 . P. L. & R.
U . S . POST AGE
P AID
ATLANTA. GA. PE R MIT NO. 155

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The University Libraries

Tbs University of G6orgta

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