Georgia state school items [Nov. 1923-Sept. 1924]

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THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA



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Georgia State School Items
Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools

Vol.1

Atlanta, November 1, 1923To5cp-t*>fti,<' )./<?>.

No 1

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The State School Items is intended to fill a long felt want. That there might be a better medium of communication between the State Department of Education and the School Officials of Georgia.this sheet will be issued twice a month. It will contain all official communications from the Department of Education, all circular letters of information from the State Superintendent of Schools heretofore sent to Superintendents and school officials, decisions of the Attorney General pertaining to school laws; decisions of the State Superintendent and the State Board of Education so far as they may be of general interest and application, new laws passed and changes in the old made by the General Assembly and full and complete instructions and data of the State-wide School Survey now being made.

It will be sent to all Superintendents, Members of Boards of Education, Trustees of local school districts and others interested in the progress of the common schools of Georgia. To this end we ask the County Superintendents to send us the name and address of the local Trustees, and City Superintendents, to send, names and address of Board members, as neither of these are on file in the office here.

We urge all Superintendents to obtain a binder and in it file the ITEMS as they come. The file will be of great use to you, for the very questions you wish to ask, you will find already asked and answered in back numbers.

School Survey
The State-wide School Survey of Georgia has already begun. That it might be done in form the foundation stone was laid in the northeast corner. Rabun was first surveyed and then Towns County. The Surveying Party is now in Floyd County. In the first five counties surveyed all the Supervisors are working together. This is done that there might be greater uniformity all over the State. After the survey of these five counties, they will be divided in parties of two each and will continue the survey under the same plans as adopted in the first counties surveyed.
This work cannot be successfully done without the complete cooperation and assistance of superintendents, teachers and school officials. I do not hesitate to call on you to aid in the work, for I know that you will offer us every assistance possible in reeking this vurvey a real permanent contribution to the educational advancement in Georgia.
Fifty years ago the first public schools were opened in Georgia. It has been half a century of great accomplishments. Practically all the splendid plans of those who laid the foundations have been successfully carried out and even many things that they could at that time express only in dreams have been realized.

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Georgia State School Items
In the achievement of fifty years many difficulties have been overcome, many barriers to progress have been surmounted. The recent decision of the Supreme Court in the Case of Hanks, Commissioner, vs. D'Arcy, from Floyd County, breaks down the last barrier and seemingly leaves the way clear to build a greater school system in Georgia. The volume containing the minutes of the State Board of Education 1873-1923 has been closed. A new book has been opened. This book will contain the records of the second half century of the history of Georgia's Public School System. With your help and assistance we wish to lay the foundation as well as did our fathers, so that this second period will be as full of splendid achievements as was the first.
Attendance Cards
To the Superintendents of City and County Systems ; You will receive shortly your quota of Attendance Cards. You will distribute these to the
Principal of every school in your county and a number sufficient for the children in their district between the ages of 6 and 18 years old. The cards are so arranged as to show attendance for each calendar month. For example, for September, it will show the number of days the child actually attended school and the number of days he was absent, distributed among the different headings as shown on the Card. It is very important that this should be done monthly by the teacher.
The other information asked for on the Card should be filled out by the teacher at once. This Includes not only the children that are in her school, but all the children of the district between the ages of 6 and 18 years old, and if a child is marked as not attending school and is between the ages of 8 and 14 years, she should indicate on the back of the Card the reason why the child is not attending and whether any effort has been made by the Attendance Officer to get the child in school. Next June these cards will be returned to your office for your permanent record. You will make a summary of them upon the blank that will be furnished at that time. Upon this report the attendance record of the State will be based and not upon the report heretofore made in January.
If there are any private schools in your county, or in your local district, I am sure that we could make arrangement with them for keeping the Cards for the children attending that school. If, for any reason, they do not comply with your request in this matter, I hope that you will report it to this office so that we may obtain the information through other sources
One of the last questions on the Card is exceedingly important. While it will not be answered until the end of the school term, yet the teacher's attention should be called to it.
Was the child promoted? If not, why? The answer to the "why" should be full and complete. I am very anxious that an accurate record be made of attendance. If you are sure that your present records and reports will answer all the questions that are asked upon this Card, you need not distribute them as asked in the begining of this letter, but make the report from your own records. However, I urge you to be sure of this, for we will expect next June an accurate

Georgia State School Items
answer to every question contained upon the Card and in the same form and older as they are upon the Card itself. Upon the school system complying with this request will depend their State appropriation.
Very truly,
State Superintendent of Schools.
Attorney-General Napier's Opinion on Educational Questions
Liability of County Board for Injuries sustained by School Children in Transportation. Question. Would a County Board of Education operating trucks for transporting pupils to the several schools in the county, in the event of an accident, be liable for personal injuries sustained by the pupils? Answer: "A school district is not liable at common law for injuries to a pupil which resulted from improper means of transportation negligently provided for the accomodation of schools at the public expense". Inquiry from Supt. J. H. McGehee, Talbotton, Ga.
District School Tax
Question. In the event the County Board added several lots from a district now under taxation, to another district which is a non-taxation district, would this, in any wise, affect or disturb the right of the taxing district to continue this tax upon the territory remaining after such lots from this district are annexed to the non-taxing district?
Answer: "In the absence of some statute or provision to the contrary, the general rule is that when a part of the territory of a school district is separated from it by annexation to another district, or by the creation of a new district, the old district retaining its organization, such old district retains all its property, powers, rights, privileges, and continues to be responsible for all its debts and liabilities." Inquiry from Carroll County.

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Georgia State School Items

Election on Consolidation

Question.
Should a County Board acting under the authority of said section coi solidate two or more districts, or part of a district, and should twenty-five per cent of he legal voters of one of the districts affected protest to the County Board against said consolidation, call an election for the whole consolidated district, or just that district, 01 part of a district that protests against the action of the County Board?

Answer:

Wherever, in the opinion of the County Board of Education, the best interests of the school demand, the Board of Education shall have the right to consolidate two or more districts or parts of districts or to add any part of one district to any other district or to change the line or lines of any district at any time, when in their judgment, the best interest of the schools require such change, into one school district with the purpose of the election of the Board of Trustees and of the location of the school at some central place as hereinbefore provided; but should as many as one-fourth of the pa-trons of the said school or schools object to the consolidation (provided tha I >.'d onefourth of said patrons shall consist of at least ten), it shaU be the duty of the County Superintendent to call an election to be held in said district or districts affected, giving thirty (30) days' notice of same by publishing the same once a week for i ./eeks in the paper in which the county advertisements are published, and also V. -osting notices at least at three or more public places in the district, or districts to be affected thereby, at which election, should a majority of the qualified voters vote for consolidation., the schools shall be consolidated; otherwise, not. The result of such election shall be determined and declared by the Board of Education and the same shall be held as other elections are held.

It may appear to contravene the strict principle of local self government--in that where one district is protesting against the action of the County Board in directing a consolidation that a maj ority of the votes cast in the several districts to be affected are allowed to control. However, the law seems to be based upon the proposition that the County Board had authority to affect the consolidation, unless a majority of all the votes in the territory to be affected shall oppose consolidation.

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education
N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
Application for entry as second class matter pending at Atlanta, Ga.

Vol. I

Atlanta, November 15, 1923

No. 2

Hanks, Commissioner, et al., vs. D'Arcy.

The Act of the Legislature approved August 19, 1922, entitled, "An Act to confer upon the several counties of this State the authority to levy taxes for educational purposes, to provide for the employment and pay of county agents and home demonstration agents," etc. (Ga. Laws, 1922, p. 31), is not violatiye of the provisions of Art. 8 Sec 4 Par 1 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia, in that the Act purports to give county authorities the right to levy taxes within the independent school dis-

C The levy of the county-wide tax sought to be enjoined was authorized by the Act

above referred to, and the court erred in granting this injunction The above are the headnotes of the case handed down by the Supreme Court dur-

ing its spring term that will have the tendency to change the entire financial support

of the public schools of Georgia. If this decision had been handed down forty years

ago, Georgia, educationally, would have had a different history. If made but four

years aw would have made unnecessary the Elders-Carswell Constitutional amend-

ment Indeed, in the light of this decision it may be questioned, not only whether

this amendment was necessary, but it may have done great harm m limiting the

right of the State to authorize tax for school purposes. This decision is based upon

an Act of the Legislature, approved August 19, 1922, conferring upon the taxing au-

thorities of counties the right to levy taxes for educational purposes and provide for

the pavment of home demonstration agents, county agents and teachers ot agricul-

ture Floyd County, proceeding under the authority of this Act, made a county-wide

levy for the purposes mentioned in the Act, no part of which was to be used in

Rome where an independent school system was maintained. One D Arcy a res-

ident of Rome, sought to enjoin the County Commissioners and Board of Education

from collecting this tax, alleging that the levy was unconstitutional The Supreme

Court sustains the legality of the levy and the constitutionality of the Act

It is understood that the Act was drawn by Judge Andrew J. Cobb, ot Athens

Ga and we are informed that he stated when he drew the Act; that he was not

sure whether it would pass the courts; but if it did, it would profoundly affect the

financial support of the schools of Georgia.

..

That it may be better understood we herewith give the original of the Constitu-

tion of 1877 and the same paragraphs as they are now in the Constitution:

Constitution of 1877

ARTICLE VII

SECTION I

Paragraph 1. The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be exercised by the

General Assembly for the following purposes only: For the support of the State government and the public institutions;
For educational purposes, in instructing children in the elementary branches ot an

English education only.

SECTION VI

Paragraph II. The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose, except for educational purposes m instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only; to build

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Georgia State School Items

and repair the public buildings, and bridges; to maintain and support prisoners; to pay jurors and coroners, and for litigation, quarantine, roads, and expenses of courts; to support paupers and pay debts heretofore existing.
ARTICLE VIII

Education

SECTION I
Paragraph 1. There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of children in the elementary branches of an English education only, as nearly uniform as practicable, the expenses of which shall be provided for by taxation, or otherwise. The schools shall be free to all children of the State, but separate schools shall
be provided for the white and colored races.
SECTION IV Paragraph 1. Authority may be granted to counties, upon the recommendation of two grand juries, and to municipal corporations, upon the recommendation of the corporate authority, to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits, by local taxation; but no such local laws shall take effect until the same shall have been submitted to a vote of the qualified voters in each county or municipal corporation, and approved by a two-thirds vote of persons qualified to vote at such election; and the General Assembly may prescribe who shall vote on such question.

Constitution of 1 923.

ARTICLE VII

Section 1. Paragraph 1. The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be ex-

ercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only:

For the support of the State government and the public institutions. For educational purposes, in instructing children in the -elementary branches of an

English education only.

SECTION 6

Section 3. Paragraph 2. The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to

any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose, except for educational purposes; to

build and repair the public buildings and bridges, to maintain and support prisoners; to

pay jurors and coroners, and for litigation, quarantine, roads and expenses of courts; to

support paupers and pay debts heretofore existing; to pay the county police, and to pro-

vide for necessary sanitation.

ARTICLE VIII

SECTION I

Section 4. Paragraph 1. There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of the children, as nearly uniform as practicable, the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation, or otherwise. The schools shall be free to all children of the State, but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races.

Section IV as Amended in 1920

Authority is granted to the counties and municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation. The proper county authorities whose duty it is to levy taxes for county purposes in this State shall, on the recommendation of the Board of Education, assess and collect taxes for the support of public schools under its control not less than one nor more than five mills on the dollar of all taxable property of the county outside of independent local systems, which shall be distributed equitably according to the school population, tax values, the number of teachers and their grade of license among the public schools therein. An additional levy to that already allowed not to exceed five mills shall be permissible in independent local systems, municipalities or school districts on a two-thirds vote of those voting. No additional election shall be required to maintain any local school tax now in existence in districts, counties, or municipalities, provided this bill shall not apply to counties having a local school system
of taxation adopted prior to the Constitution of 1877.

Georgia State School Items

Before taking up the next article dealing with this decision, it will be well to thor-

oughly familiarize yourself with the provisions of the Constitution dealing with educa-

tion Section 1 of Article VII gives power to the General Assembly to assess a State-

wide tax for educational purposes of instructing children in the elementary branches of

an English education only. Under the authority of this Section the State appropriation

to common schools is made. In view of the fact that there is still retained m this Sec-

tion the limitation "in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English ed-

ucation only" would limit this appropriation to the support of elementary schools. The

question might well be raised if the Barrett-Rogers Act directing that a part of this fund

should be devoted to the aid of high schools is not unconstitutional.

Section 6 of the same Article gives authority to the General Assembly to authorize

and direct counties to levy a tax for educational purposes. This decision was rendered

upon an Act of the General Assembly passed under authority of this Section.

Section 1 of Article VIII directs that a system of common schools (note the word

"common" and give definition of it) be established. It is a direct order of the people

to the General Assembly. This system must be supported by taxation, or otherwise.

What does "taxation or otherwise" mean?

Article IV, Section 8, refers to local taxation for schools. Under the authority ot

this Section all local and independent systems exist. Heretofore it has been held that

this Section limited Section 6, Article VII, in that the Legislature could not direct the

county tax for educational purposes without referring it to the legal voters under the

conditions named in the Section. This decision, Hanks, Commissioner, et al., vs. D Arcy,

clearly sets forth the fact that it does not limit in any way the authority of the Legisla-

ture to authorize counties to levy a tax for educational purposes.

f

(To be continued)

Certification of County School Superintendents
The county primaries will be held during next spring and summer in which a county Superintendent of Schools must be elected in each county in Georgia. Before any person can be a candidate, or especially before his name can appear upon the ticket ot a general election, he must have a certificate of qualification from the State Board of Edu-
cation. The law prescribes the following ways: 1. Have at least three years' practical experience in teaching and hold a
first-grade high school license, or 2. Have a diploma from a literary college or normal school, or 3. Have five years' experience in the actual supervision of schools (this
means Superintendent of a county or independent system of schools), or 4. Stand an approved examination before the State Board of Education as
to his qualification. The State Board has answered the following questions in interpreting the above laW:
Question: "A person who wishes to qualify as a candidate for the position of County School Superintendent under the head 'five years' experience in the actual supervision of schools,' states that he has been for more than five years superintendent of rural schools, some of which were consolidated
schools; will this qualify him?" Answer: "No." Question: "One person states that he is a graduate of the Bryan County Institute, completed the sophomore year at Mercer and taught one year.
Will this qualify him?" Answer: "No." Question: "Will being a graduate of the School of Law of Emory University qualify a candidate under the provision of being a graduate from a literary
college?" Answer: "No; he must take an examination, at least in school law, school
methods and administration." In making application for certificate, be sure to send evidence of the head under which you wish to qualify. For example, a graduate of a literary college should send a

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Georgia State School Items

certificate from the President or Registrar of that college showing that you are a gradu-

ate, degree received, and year of graduation. Also, in each case, give full detail of your

experience in teaching or supervision certified to by the regular school official.

It would be well that all applications other than that of examination should be in

this office before January 15, 1924, so that if the candidate could not qualify under the

heading upon which his application was made, he could take the examination later.

Examination will be held for applicants on January 26, 1924, at the following

named place*:

Atlanta,

Augusta,

Moultrie,

Dublin,

Rome,

Macon,

Blakely,

Savannah,

Gainesville,

Columbus,

Waycross,

Sparta.

Athens,

While the Examination will include elementary and high school subjects, yet em-

phasis should be placed upon the school law, school administration and school super-

vision. It would therefore be well for applicants to thoroughly familiarize themselves

with the School Code and Georgia Manual for Teachers.

State School Superintendent's Letter.

County and City Superintendents: Dear Sir :The most important request that I will make of you during the year is to

superintend the distribution of the School Attendance Cards that you will receive shortly

and constantly watch and see that they are properly filled'out. You can readily under-

stand how difficult it is to get accurate statistics when 16,000 teachers are being used to

make them out. Therefore, I urge that you constantly overlook this work, at least

monthly, and see that the cards are being made out correctly.

It is our intention to account for every child in Georgia between the ages of 6 and

18 years, whether in school or not, and try in case out of school to find out the cause.

This request is being made under Section 75 of the School Code and the provisions

thereof will be strictly enforced. The summary of these cards that you will return to

this office next June will be the basis of your report of attendance for the year 1923.

A sufficient number of the Attendance Card is being sent to the County Superin-

tendent and to the Superintendent of municipal school systems who report direct to this

office. All systems in your county that do not so report and to whom you pay their pro

rata of State funds, you will hand to the Superintendent of such systems a sufficient

number of these Cards for all the children with a copy of this letter, one of which I am

enclosing. It becomes your duty to supervise this work in that system and see that it is

being properly done. Should there be any failure along this line, you will report to this

Department at once. If there should be any private or parochial schools in your county, hand to them a

sufficient number of the Attendance Cards for the children they have in school, request-

ing them to keep the record. Should any one decline, please notify me so that the in-

formation can be otherwise obtained.

Very truly yours,

State Superintendent of Schools.

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education
N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Application for entry as second class matter pending at Atlanta, Ga.

Vol. I

Atlanta, December 1, 1923

No. 3

Hanks, Commissioner, et al., vs. D Arcy.
BECK P. J. Acting under the authority of the Act of the General Assembly of Georgia, approved August 19, 1922, purporting to give authority to counties to levy taxes for educational purposes in the employment of county agents and home demonstration agents (Acts 1922, p. 81), the Board of Commissioners of Roads and Revenues of Floyd County, in connection with the Board of Education of that county, adopted certain resolutions contemplating the levy of a county-wide tax, in addition to all other taxes levied by them, under the provisions of that Act, for the purpose of employing such agents in Floyd County, such tax to be county-wide and to be levied upon not only the property of taxpayers lying outside of the independent school district of the City ot Rome but as well upon the property within the confines of such independent school district. D'Arcy, as a resident and taxpayer of the City of Rome, an independent school district, brought his petition for injunction against the Board of Commissioners ot Roads and Revenues and the Board of Education, alleging the unconstitutionally ot the Act of 1922, as sought to be applied by them, alleging their intended purpose to be to levy such county-wide tax under the authority of this Act (which allegations were all admitted by the defendants), and praying an injunction against the defendants from in any wise carrying out their threat to so levy and impose this tax. The defendants filed an answer; and the judge of the lower court, passing upon the case as presented by the petition and answer, granted the injunction, and the case is now here be-
fore this court for review.
It is contended by the defendant in error, the plaintiff in the court below, that it was the intent of the framers of the Constitution to make Article 8 of the Constitution of this State, as it now stands, exhaustive of the power of the General Assembly to delegate the right to levy taxes for educational purposes, and that the Act approved August 19, 1922, entitled, "An Act to confer upon the several counties of this State authority to levy taxes for educational purposes, and to provide for the employment and pay of county agents and home demonstration agents," etc., is unconstitutional if construed to authorize the tax contemplated by the resolution in question. The Act of August 19, 1922, reads as follows: "An Act to confer upon the several counties of this State authority to levy taxes for educational purposes, to provide for the employment and pay of county agents and home demonstration agents, to provide for the employment and payment of agricultural teachers and home economics teachers in the vocational high schools of the State, and for other purposes. Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Georgia, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, that power is hereby delegated to and conferred upon the several counties of this State to levy and collect taxes for educational purposes in such amounts as the county authorities shall determine, the same to be appropriated to the use of the County Board of Education, and the educational work directed by them. Section 2. Be it further enacted, That the Boards of Education of the several counties of this State may employ and pay county agents and home demonstration agents to carry on the extension work in agriculture and home economics under the provisions of the Acts of Congress, approved May 8th, 1914 (Barnes Federal Code, 8413, 8414, 8415), the State's acceptance of the same approved August 14, 1914. Also may employ and pay agricultural teachers and home economics teachers under the provisions of the vocational-educational Act of Congress of February 23, 1917, and Acts of Georgia approved August 21, 1917." Section 3 repeals conflicting laws. The resolution adopted by the Board of Education of Floyd

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Georgia State School Items
County the 22nd day of January, 1923, was, in substance, that a certain named person be employed by the board as farm demonstration agent of Floyd County, m accordance with the Acts of Congress and the General Assembly of the State of Georgia, referring to the Act of August 19, 1922; and also provided for the salary of the demonstration agent and the salary of a certain named person as home demonstration agent; and the Board of Commissioners of Roads and Revenues of Floyd County were requested to act in cooperation with them in carrying out the resolution. The Board of Commissioners of Roads and Revenues of the county, in a resolution reciting the substance of the resolution passed by the Board of Education, agreed to comply with the recommendation to make a levy at the time of the levy of taxes for the year 1923, sufficient to pay the farm demonstration agent and the home economics agent, and that this tax should be
levied on the entire digest of Floyd County.
The Act of August 19, 1922, set forth above, needs no construction to make it applicable to the action taken by the two boards in reference to the subject there dealt with. It distinctly and plainly delegates to the several counties of this State the power to levy and collect taxes for educational purposes in such amounts as the county authorities shall determine, the same to be appropriated to the use of the County Board of Education and educational work directed by them. And the second section of the Act authorized the Board of Education of the several counties to employ and pay county agents and home economics agents, etc. And it is also manifest from the general terms employed that the tax levied is to be upon the property generally m the county, "county-wide," and that it was not contemplated that it should be levied only upon the property of taxpayers lying outside the independent school districts that might be m existence in the county where such tax was levied. Is the Act thus construed (or rather stated, for no construction is necessary) violative of Article 8, Section 4, Paragraph 1, of the Constitution of the State of Georgia, in that the same purports to give county authorities the right to levy taxes within the independent local school districts, and without making provision for an election to be held within any independent local school district? The clause of the Constitution last referred to, after the amendment of 1919, reads as follows: "Authority may be granted to counties, militia districts, school districts, and to municipal corporations, upon the recommendation of the corporate authority, to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation; but no such laws shall take effect until the same shall have been submitted to a vote of the qualified voters in each county, militia district, school district, or municipal corporation and approved by two-thirds majority of persons voting at such election, and the General Assembly may prescribe who shall vote on such questions. This clause of the Constitution deals with the subject of local taxation for public schools.
In the case of Bowers v. Hanks, 152 Ga., 659, it was said: "Under the Constitution of 1877, as originally written, the legislators could only delegate to counties the power to levy'a tax for 'educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only.' The legislature was without authority to authorize counties to levy a tax for any other educational purpose. Under this provision of the Constitution, as amended in 1910 (Ga. Laws, 1910, p. 45), the legislature has power to authorize counties to levy a tax for educational purposes generally. So, if a county demonstration agent is engaged in carrying out an educational purpose, the legislature can authorize the counties to levy a tax for such purpose." The writer of the opinion m that case goes further, in the discussion of the question, to demonstrate that the appointment of the county demonstration and the other agent referred to in the Act legitimately falls within the purview of the expression "educational purposes." A part of what was said in that opinion may have been obiter, but we are of the opinion that the conclusion reached is authorized when we give the words "education" and "educational" the broad and extended meaning authorized by the definition of lexicographers. Article 7, Section 6, Paragraph 2, of the Constitution of this State reads as follows: "The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose, except for educational purposes; to build and repair the public buildings and bridges; to maintain and support prisoners; to pay jurors and coroners, and for litigation, quarantine, roads, and expenses of courts; to support paupers and pay debts

Georgia State School Items
heretofore existing; to pay the county police, and to provide for necessary sanitation. As originally written into the Constitution of 1877, the paragraph of the Constitution under consideration read just as written above, except that following the expression ''educational purposes" there were the words, "in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only." Speaking for myself, I have much doubt as to whether the elimination from this section of the Constitution of the words last quoted was intended to have the effect to give the expression "educational purposes" the broad and extended meaning which the legislature seemed to have put upon it in passing the Act of August 19, 1922. Doubts necessarily arise as to whether or not the section of the Constitution last referred to is not to be construed in the light of the provision of the first section of the Constitution quoted, and limited by that, so as to make the expression "educational purposes," as it now stands in the Constitution in Article 7, Section 6, Paragraph 2, mean education as given in our public schools. But the existence of this doubt does not authorize us to declare the Act unconstitutional. Before we are authorized to declare an Act unconstitutional, it must appear that it is so beyond a doubt. If its constitutionality is doubtful, the Act must have the benefit of the doubt. And when we consider the broad scope of the expression "educational purposes," and especially when we consider that the words "in instructing children," etc., which followed the expression "educational purposes," was stricken from the clause of the Constitution as it was originally written and adopted, we are of the opinion that we can not go to the extent of saying that, beyond a doubt, the purpose contemplated and accomplished in authorizing the appointment of the county agent and home economics agent lies beyond the scope of the words empowering the counties to levy a tax. The question in this case is practically settled by the ruling in the case of Bowers v. Hanks, supra, but we thought it best to set forth, in immediate connection with one another, the provisions of the Constitution and the Act of the legislature which we have held to authorize the levy of the tax in question.
Judgment reversed. All the Justices concur.
Opinions Attorney General
Duties of Trustees
The question submitted is whether Trustees of local schools have authority to elect teachers for their schools, or whether they may simply nominate the teachers to the County Board of Education.
Section 121 of the School Code provides that such local school trustees are author-
ized, among their other duties:
"to aid, by recommendation of desirable applicants, the County School Superintendent and Board of Education in securing teachers."
The Act of 1889 (see Georgia Laws, 1889, page 122), provides:
"That it shall be the duty of the School Trustees herein provided for to supervise the school operations of their sub-districts, to visit the schools and to make such recommendations to the County Boards, in relation to the school interests of their sub-districts, as may seem to them best, and especially in the matter of choosing teachers for their sub-districts. It shall be their right to recommend applicants, and it shall be the duty of the County Boards to choose as teachers the persons so recommended; provided, they shall be persons duly qualified and eligible according to the provisions of existing laws; and furthermore, it shall be the duty of school trustees, in recommending persons as teachers, to recommend those persons who, in their opinion, are the choice of the communities to be served." While this law of 1889 has been superseded by the present School Code, the Governing Section (No. 121) accords with the spirit of the law of 1889. The function of the local trustees is to aid the County School Superintendent and Board of Education in securing teachers. The Board of Education secures teachers by the aid of the local
trustees.

^^" MPRMIIMIMi

Georgia State School Items

In my opinion, the Board of Education has the right to say the last word in selecting teachers for the common schools of the county. It should, of course, be no arbitrary exercise of power, but a co-operative function, considering the entire matter along the rather comprehensive lines indicated by the law of 1889.

Election of Board Members and County School

Superintendents.

"The question arises as to the construction of Section 78 of the School Code when it says, 'nor shall they select any person who resides within the limits of a local school system operated independent of the County Board of Education.' Washington, in Wilkes County, under an Act of 1894, is an independent municipal system, but receives its funds through the County Board of Education, and not direct from this Department. Can a member of the County Board of Education residing in the City of Washington be elected? Can the people of Washington participate in the election for

County School Superintendent?"

Our Supreme Court has held that an independent school district is one wherein the funds derived for the support of its schools come directly from the State Superintend-

ent of Schools, and not from the County Board of Education. However, so far as the particular case which you make by the foregoing inquiry, the
matter appears to have been settled by an opinion in the case of Board of Education vs.

Butler, 154 Georgia, 569. In the opinion of the Court by Justice J. K. Hines, the following statement is made: "2. The public school system of the town of Washington is entirely
independent of the system of public schools in the County. Georgia Laws, 1890-'91, p. 1027. The schools under that system are under 'the control of a municipal board of education.' Georgia Laws, 1920, p. 1755. Each County is one school district which is under the control and management of a county board of education. (Code of School Laws, 1919, p. 320.) The two systems are wholly distinct and separate, and are supported by separate and independent funds. The municipal schools are supported by municipal taxes and their pro rata share of the school fund. The county schools are maintained by a school tax levied upon property lying outside of the corporate limits of Washington and by their pro rata share of the State school fund. The State fund, applicable to Wilkes County, is divided between the public schools of the town and those of the county in the proportion which the school popula-
tion of the former bears to the school population of the latter."

Since the Supreme Court has held thus directly and unequivocally that the public school system of the town of Washington is entirely independent of the system of public schools in the county, it would seem that the provisions of Section 78 of the School

Code, hereinbefore quoted in your letter, are applicable in the instant case.

Therefore, it would seem that it would be improper to elect a member of the

County Board of Education who resides in the City of Washington.

Section 147 of the Georgia School Code contains the following:

"Provided, if there is in the county one or more independent school systems not under the supervision of the county superintendent, the voters of such independent system or systems shall not vote in the election for county superintendent."

Manifestly, since the public school system of the City of Washington is "entirely

independent of the system of public schools in the county," as held by our Supreme

Court, supra, then under the law contained in Section 147 of the School Code, people re-

siding in Washington cannot legally participate in an election of the County School

Superintendent.

Respectfully submitted,

GEO. M. NAPIER,

Attorney-General.

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education
N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.

Vol. I

Atlanta, December 15, 1923

No. 4

APPORTIONMENT OF STATE SCHOOL FUND.

The General Assembly appropriated to the public schools for 1924, $4,250,000--the same as for 1923-- with the additional provision that if the State's revenue should exceed $8,500,000, then one-half of the excess would be due the schools. In making out the apportionments to the different school systems, the pro rata had to be made, of course, on the definite appropriation of $4,250,000. Out of this $4,250,000, the law requires that $200,000 be set aside for high school and elementary aid for 1924. For 1923, only $100,000 was deducted from the $4,250,000, the $100,000 for high school aid to be taken out of the excess
apportionment. As you know, the apportionments for 1924 were made upon the school census of 1923, while the ap-
portionment of 1923 was upon the basis of the 1918 school census. The total school census for 1923 is 900,352 as against 840,861 for 1918. You will see, therefore, that, while the apportionment remains the same, there has been an increase in the total number of children and consequently a decrease in the per capita. The per capita for 1924 is $4.44. We hope, however, that this decrease will be made up, partly
at least, by an excess over the $4,250,000. In order that you may be informed fully as to the apportionments for 1923 and 1924, and the school
censuses of 1918 and 1923, the following statistics are given:

COUNTY

Census 1918

Census 1923

Apportion-
ment 1923

Approtion-
ment 1924

Appling

--

Baxley

,....,,,,

Atkinson

Pearson

Willacoochee

Bacon

_._

Alma

Baker _

_..

Baldwin

Banks - .

.

Barrow

Russell

Winder

Bartow

.--

Adairsville

Cartersville Ren Hill

Fitzgerald

- --

Berrien

Nashville

Bibb

Bleckley

Oochran

Brantley

Brooks

Bryan

Bulloch

.-

Statesboro

Burke

Butts

-.

Oalhoun

Camden

St. Marys

Campbell

Palmetto

Candler

2,960 339
1,995 292 273
1,853 273
2,525 4,641
3,768 3,408
34
837
6,088 174
1,058
2,533 1,837
3,681 535
19,329 2,871
516 1,873
7,678 2,427
8,715 715
10,007 4,177 3,460 2,074
267 3,232
318 3,103

3,445 380
2,405 289 460
1,936 357
2,642 4,996
3,485 3,128
46 900 6,303 233
1,359 2,853 2,086
4,019 549
19,489 2,915
575 2,115 7,489 2,084 8,402 1,070
8,948 3,736 3,252
1,878 238
3,473 347
3,070

$14,444.80 1,654.32 9,735.60
1,424.96 1,332.24 9,042.64 1,332.24
12,322.00
22,648.08 18,387.84 16,631.04
165.92 4,084.56 29,709.44
849.12 5,163.04
13,307.36 8,964.56 17,963.38 3,562.00 93,837.52
14,010.48 2,518.08 9,140.24 37,468.64
11,843.76 42,529.20 3,489.20 48,834.16 20,383.76 16,884.80 10,121.12
1,303.96 15,733.36 1,063.84 15,143.64

$15,295.80
1,687.30 10,678.30 1,383.16 3,043.40 8,595.84
1,585.08 11,730.48 32,182.24 15,473.40 13,888.32
204.24 3,996.00 27,985.32 1,034.52 6,033.96 12,667.33 9,361.84
17,844.36 3,437.56 86,531.16
13,943.60 2,553.00 9,390.60 33,251.16 9,252.96 37,304.88 4,750.80 39,729.12 16,587.84
14,438.88 8,338.32 1,056.72 15,430.12
1,540.68 13,630.80

mmmmmm

Georgia State School Items

COUNTY

Census 1918

Carroll

Catoosa . . . .

Charlton

-

Chatham

Chattahoochee

Chattooga

Menlo

Cherokee

Clarke

Athens .

Clay

Bluffton

Clayton

Clinch

Cobb

Marietta

Roswell. - -

Coffee

Broxton

Douglas _ . .

Nicholls .

Colquitt

.

Doerun

.

Moultrie

-

Columbia .. .

Cook

Adel

Sparks

.

Coweta .

.

Newnan. .

Senoia.. .

.

Crawford-.

Crisp

.

Cordele.

..

Dade .

Dawson .

-.

Decatur

._

Balnbridge

DeKalb

Decatur

East Lake

.

Lithonla

--

Dodge

_ _____"__

Eastman . . _

Dooly . _. _

.

Pinehurst

Dougherty .....

Douglas

_.

Early . .

-

Blakely

Echols

-

Effingham ...

Elbert

Emanuel

.

Evans

Fannin

Fayette

Floyd ...

.

Rome

..

Forsyth

Franklin . . . .

Canon

Lavonia

Martin .

Royston

....
. ...
-- ..
.

10,570 1,975 1,339 19,874
1,745 4,218
334 5,765 2,821 4,069 2,166
491 3,409 1,541 7,053 1,538
297 4,466
250 1,025
319 6,537
200 1,279 3,687 2,811
486 201 7,203 1,532 347 3,368 3,985 1,435 1,205 1,308 5,886 1,036 5,832 1,296 120 315 7,708 689 6,737 140
4,648 3,346 5,992
478 1,146 3,517 6,528 8,338 2,457 3,899 3,709 7,956 2,876 3,447 4,963
321 391 153 446

-Included in County Apportionment.

Census 1923
10,901 2,365 1,519 23,196 1,254 4,316
305 6,481 2,617 5,070 2,141
396 3,338 2,010 7,141 1,919
349 5,079
310 934 261 7,685 223 1,597 3,511 3,026 667 216 6,601 1,881 354 3,395 4,009 1,568 1,195 1,300 6,526 1,483 7,933 2,218 187 422 7,584 839 7,721
5,744 3,230 6,282
709 978 3,810 6,820 8,638 2,416 3,957 3,457 8,284 3,745 3,572 5,173 295 548 184 484

Apportionment 1923

Apportionment 1924

$51,581.60 9,638.00 6,534.32 96,985.12 8,515.60 20,583.84 1,629.92 28,133.20 13,766.48 19,856.72 10,570.08 2,396.08 16,635.92 7,520.08 34,418.64 7,505.44 1,449.36 21,794.08 1,220.00 5,002.00 1,556.72 31,900.56 976.00 6,241.52 17,992.56 13,717.68 2,371.68 980.88 35,150.64 7,476.16 1,693.36 16,435.84 19,446.80 7,002.80 5,880.40 6,383.04 28,723.68 5,055.68 28,460.16 6,324.48 585.60 1,537.20 37,615.04 3,362.32 32,876.56 683.20 22,682.24
16,328.48 29,240.96
2,332.64 5,592.48 17,162.96 31,856.64 40,689.44 11,990.16 19,027.12 18,099.92 38,825.28 14,034.88 16,821.36 24,219.44
1,566.48 1,908.08
746.64 2,176.48

$ 48,400.44 10,500.60 6,744.36 102,990.24 5,567.76 19,163.04 1,354.20 28,775.64 11,619.48 22,510.80 9,506.04 1,758.24 14,820.72 8,924.40 31,706.04 8,520.36 1,549.56 22,550.76 1,376.40 4,146.96 1,158.84 34,121.40 990.12 7,090.68 15,588.84 13,435.44 2,961.48 959.04 29,308.44 8,351.64 1,571.76 15,073.80 17,799.96 6,961.92 5,305.80 5,772.00 28,975.44 6,584.52 35,222.52 9,847.92 830.28 1,873.68 33,672.96 3,725.16
34,281 .24
25,503.36 14,341.20 27,892.08
3,147.96 4,342.32 16,916.40 30,280.80 38,352.72 10,727.04 17,569.08 15,349.08 36,780.96 16,627.80 15,859.68 22,968.12 1,309.80 2,433.12
816.96 2,148.96

COUNTY

Fulton

Atlanta

College Park-

East Point Gilmer

Glascock

Glynn

Gordon

Sugar Valley.. Grady

Pine Park Greene

Gwinnett Buford

Lawrenceville Habersham

Cornelia Hal]

Gainesville Hancock

Haralson Harris

Hart

I.

Bowersville.-. Hartwell Heard

Henry

Houston

Irwin

Ocilla

Jackson

Commerce Jasper

Jeff Davis

Hazelhurst... Jefferson Jenkins

Johnson

Jones

Lamar

BarnesvUle.... Lanier

Laurens

Cadwell

Dexter

Dublin Rentz Lee

Liberty

Lincoln.

Long

Lowndes

Valdosta

Lumpkin

Macon

Madison Marion

Meriwether Miller

Milton

Mitchell Monroe

Montgomery

Morgan..-

Madison

Georgia State School Items

Census 1918
6 ,871 32 ,520
839 1 ,252 3 ,041 1 ,450 4 ,945 5 ,033
64 ,470
74 ,429 ,011 624 498 ,956 330 ,263 ,702 ,052 ,567 ,287 ,887 140 587 ,734 212 ,300 675 547 581 645 ,195 ,030 305 ,989 094 883 ,557 ,636 939 676 ,796
83 131 ,561 129 481 ,478 943 610 498 ,471 638 119 073 ,906 ,368 262 ,227 892 ,291 959 516 578

Census 1923
10,189 52,069 1,287 2,230 3,054
1,410 5,074 5,244
63 6,739
97 5,574 7,662 1,001
709 3,894
388 6,750 2,094 5,452 4,677 4,935 5,198
106 781 3,597 5,775 7,446 3,857 612 6,496 884 4,443 2,285 428 7,142 4,247 4,425 4,002 2,686 811 1,604 9,427 70 126 2,168 96 3,436 2,879 3,141 1,341 5,311 2,841 1,654 5,289 5,588 2,531 7,670 3,110 2,135 8,885 4,779 3,675 4,561 580

Apportionment 1923

Apportionment 1924

$ 33,530.48 158,697.60 4,094.32 6,109.76 14,840.08 7,076.00 24,131.60 24,561.04 312.32 31,573.60 361.12 26,493.52 39,093.68 3,045.12 2,430.24 14,425.28 1,610.40 30,563.44 8,305.76 29,533.76 22,286.96 25,800.56 23,848.56 683.20 2,864.56 18,221.92 30,314.56 35,624.00 17,934.00 2,669.36 32,115.28 3,147.60 25,351.60 9,906.40 1,488.40 34,106.32 19,978.72 23,829.04 22,238.16 12,863.68 4,582.32 8,178.88 47,804.48 405.04 639.28 7,617.68 629.52 16,987.28 12,092.64 14,361.84 7,856.80 26,830.24 12,058.48 7,993.44 24,980.72 29,636.24 14,181.28 40,835.84 15,918.56 10,867.76 38,512.96 25,820.08 14,439.92 26,918.08 2,820.64

$ 45,239.16 231,186.36
5,714.28 9,901.20 13,559.76 6,260.40 22,528.56 23,283.36
279.72 29,921.16
430.68 24,748.56 34,019.28 4,444.44 3,147.96 17,289.36
1,722.72 29,970.00
9,297.36 24,206.88 20,765.88 21,911.40 23,079.12
470.64 3,467.64 15,970.68 25,641.00 33,060.24 17,125.08 2,717.28 28,842.24 3,924.96 19,726.92 10,145.40 1,900.32 31,710.48 18,856.68 19,647.00 17,768.88 11,925.84 3,600.84 7,121.76 41,855.88
310.80 559.44 9,625.92 426.24 15,255.84 12,782.76 13,946.04 5,954.04 23,580.84 12,614.04 7,343.76 23,483.16 24,810.72 11,237.64 34,054.80 13,808.40 9,479.40 39,449.40 21,218.76 16,317.00 20,250.84 2,575.20

Georgia State School Items

COUNTY

Census 1918

Murray

Muscogee

Columbus

McDuffie

Mclntosh

Newton

Covlngton

Oconee

Oglethorpe

Paulding

Pickens

Nelson

Pierce

Blackshear

Pike

Polk

Cedartown

Pulaski

Hawkinsville.--

Putnam

Quitman

Rabun

Randolph..

Richmond

Rockdale

Conyers

Schley

Screven

Seminole

Spalding

Griffin

Stephens...

Toccoa

Stewart..

Sumter

Americus

Talbot

Taliaf erro

Tattnall

Taylor

Telfair

Lumber City...

Scotland

Terrell

Dawson

Thomas

Boston

Thomasville

Tift

Tifton

Toombs

Towns

Troup

Hogansville

LaGrange

West Point

Treutlen

Turner

Ashburn

Twiggs

Union .

-

Upson

Walker

Ohickamauga.

3,071 4,046 6,579 3,159 2,040 6,583
921 3,255 6,067 4,396 2,421
230 2,619
400 4,283 5,187 1,392
3,019 620
4,776 1,301 1,814 5,667 17,393 2,212
449 1,783 7,368 2,773 4,048 1,809 2,373
879 3,902 6,237 1,919 3,610 2,546 5,099 3,790
5,081 248 95
4,892 743
7,325 395
1,748 3,681
603
4,381 1,195 4,735
582 3,980
722 2,289 3,644
493 3,056 2,010 6,066 6,409
272

-Included in County Apportionment.

Census 1923
2,938 5,412 8,552 3,243 1,996 6,352 1,029 2,760 5,395 4,217 2,634
235 3,300
442 4,266 5,210 1,759 2,732
741 4,534 1,258 1,991 6,145 18,864 2,251
463 1,974 7,560 2,822 4,565 2,616 2,748 1,288 4,155 6,583 2,270 3,360 2,501 5,377 4,241 5,560
273 107 5,825 948 6,778 358 2,101 4,084 808 4,726 1,300 5,093 717 5,237 702 2,605 3,465 626 3,646 2,152 6,269 7,033 452

Apportionment 1923

Apportionment 1924

$14,986.48 19,744.48 32,105.52 15,415.92 9,955.20 31,832.24 4,494.48 15,884.40 29,606.96 21,452.48 11,814.48 1,122.40 12,780.72 1,952.00 20,901.04 25,312.56 6,792.96 14,732.72 3,025.60 23,306.88 6,348.88 8,852.32 27,654.96 84,877.84 10,794.56 2,191.12 8,701.04 35,955.84 13,532.24 19,754.24 8,827.92 11,580.24 4,289.52 19,041.76 30,436.56 9,364.72 17,616.80 12,424.48 24,883.12 18,495.20 24,795.28 1,210.24 463.60 23,872.96 3,625.84 35,746.00 1,927.60 8,530.24 17,963.28 2,942.64
21,379.28 5,831.60 23,106.80 2,840.16 19,422.40 3,523.36 11,170.32 17,782.72 2,405.84 14,913.28 9,808.80 29,602.08 31,275.92 1,327.36

$13,044.72 24,029.28 37,970.88 14,398.92 8,862.24 28,202.88 4,568.76 12,254.40 23,953.80 18,723.48 11,694.96 1,043.40 14,652.00 1,962 .48 18,941.04 23,132.40 7,809.96 12,130.08 3,290.04 20,130.96 5,585.52 8,840.04 27,283.80 83,756.16 9,994.44 2,055.72 8,764.56 33,566.40 12,529.68 20,268.60 11,615.04 12,201.12 5,718.72 18,448.20 29,228.52 10,078.80 14,918.40 11,104.44 23,873.88 18,830.04 25,161.48
1,212* .12
25,863.00 4,209.12 30,094.32 1,589.52 9,328.44
18,132.96 3,587.52 20,983.44 5,772.00 22,612.92 3,183.48 23,252.28 3,116.88 11,566.20 15,384.60 2,779.44 16,188.24
9,554.88 27,834.36 31,226.52
2,006.88



COUNTY
Walton Ware
Fairfax.... Waycross. Warren Washington Wayne Webster Wheeler Alamo White Whitfield Wilcox Rochelle. Wilkes Wilkinson Worth

Georgia State School Items

Census 1918
6,836 3,074
58 3,073 4,174 8,894 3,594 1,716 3,016
149 2,002 5,005 4,784
282 6,569 4,417 7,843

Census 1923
6,459 3,350
78 4,004 3,828 8,539 3,848 1,761 3,349
2,225 6,506 4,791
299 6,087 4,316 7,237

Apportion
ment 1923

Apportion-
ment 1924

$33,359.68
15,001.12
283.04
14,996.24
20,369.12
43,402.72
17,538.72 8,374.08 14,718.08
727.12 9,769.76 24,424.40 23,345.92 1,376.16 32,056.72 21,554.96 38,273.84

$28,677.96 14,874.00 346.32 17,777.76 16,996.32 37,913.16 17,085.12 7,818.84
14,869* .56
10,012.20 28,886.64
22,599* .60
27,026.28 19,163.04 31,999.08

JUST TALK.
--COMPLIMENTS OF THE SEASON--
To all school officials and teachers in Georgia we wish a Merry Christmas and Happy New Year, expressing our gratitude to God for His goodness and mercy, congratulating you upon your past endeavor and achievement, and wishing that the New Year will bring a more perfect union of the school folks of the State through the Georgia Education Association and, through this union, our dream of equal educational opportunity be realized.
SCHOOL ITEMS.
We are very anxious that every trustee of local school districts and every member of the city Boards of Education should receive copies of the State School Items. Many of the Superintendents have comnuedvrith our request and furnished a list of these. We would be very glad-if you have not done so alSadv-if vou will at your earliest convenience give us a list of these trustees and city boards and any other persons in the county that you think would, appreciate the Items, and it will be a great pleasure to put them on our mailing list.
SCHOOL BOOK QUESTION.
When the State Board of Education came to readopt books for the next period of five years, they found that, due to the restrictions placed upon the State Uniform Book act, such as the fifty per cent exchange clause and the expense of retail distribution, the publishers uniformly asked twenty per cent more f^Sthe books under State adoption than they were accustomed to ask under the Yeomans' Law K the State Board had adopted they would of necessity have imposed a twenty per cent tax upon those school!T of the state using the uniform books. They were unwilling to do this and referred the matter to the Legislature at its extra session for correction.
This has been done by a bill just passed this session and will be published in full in the January issue of the School Items. This bill removes the fifty per cent clause and extends the provisions of the Romans' Law so that the State Board may adopt books without imposing upon the people this extra cost.
You have already been instructed to lay in a reasonable supply of books during the Fall at the present prices and that no book would be changed before next September. Early in the Fall we had conside?aWrcomplaint that some of the publishers were not supplying the books ordered. However, uwn their attention being called to it this was quickly corrected and no further complaints have been ffled We must ^nf^ss thft we have found the publishers of schools books ever ready to.comply not only with the letter but the spirit of the State Uniform Law. However, if after January first, you find orders unfUled! take the matter up with the publishers first, and if you can not reachlan equitable agreement refer the matter to this office.
L

mammmn.
CONSOLIDATION AND HIGH SCHOOL AID. Early In January blanks for state aid to consolidated schools and high schools will be sent to the county superintendents for distribution among such schools as apply for this aid. These should be promptly filled out by the schools making application and returned to the County Board of Education, who will in turn certify to the correctness of the report, and send to this office. They should be filed here, with the County Board's endorsement, by May first. Additional inspection of these schools will be made during May and June by the State Supervisors, and upon their report, with that of the County Board s, final apportionment of these funds will be made about July first. In reference to the high school aid, it is very important that the school asking for the aid shall show that they can offer better advantages to the country boy and girl than the other school, and upon the same terms that they give to their own pupils. In other words, the main object of this high school aid Is to help the country boy and girl to obtain a high school education. Hence the school offering the best advantage to them will be most apt to be accepted.
CANDIDATES FOR COUNTY SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENT.
In the former issue of the School Items there were published the qualifications for county school superintendent that must be certified to from this Department before they can be elected to this office. While It may not be necessary for the one now holding the office to obtain a certificate, still it would be better, and blank certificates are now on hand and as fast as requests come in will be sent the applicants. This Department only certifies to the educational qualifications of the candidate, which in no wise covers the other requirements of the law, requiring him to be a resident of the county for so long, nor does it even cover the moral character of the candidate, or his other fitness for the office. This, in all cases Is to be determined by the people electing, or by the County Board In the case of a special election.
SCHOOL SURVEY. By the Christmas holidays, the following counties will have been surveyed: Rabun, Towns, Floyd Polk, Coweta, Pike, Lamar, Monroe, Washington, Johnson, Jefferson, Dodge, Telfalr, Wheeler, Ben Hill' Coffee, Bacon, Sumter, Lee, Dougherty, Mitchell, Oolqultt, and Thomas. The surveyors are to be congratulated upon the splendid work they have done In the surveying of these counties, and I wish to express my great appreciation to the county superintendents and boards of Education of each county for their splendid cooperation and assistance offered to the supervisors in making these surveys. Everything has been as it should be. Beginning in the January number of the School Items, there will be printed the results of these surveys, which will be continued until June, when the survey will be completed. It would be well to keep the copies of these School Items, in order that you may have a complete file of the survey of the State It would be well to compare your county with other counties and by this means you can readily judge vour own progress as well as your short-comings. During the month of January the following counties will be surveyed:
Jones, Wilkinson, Twiggs, Houston, Macon, Dooly--by Mr. Duggan. Ware, Pierce, Brantley, Glynn, Camden, Charlton--by Mr. Pound. Screven, Effingham, Bulloch, Bryan, Liberty, Mclntosh--by Mr. Smith. . Gilmer, Pickens, Cherokee, Dawson, Forsyth, Milton--by Mr. Godard. Rockdale, Newton, Jasper, Upson, Crawford, Taylor--by Mr. Martin. Each of these gentlemen will take it up with you just when they will be in your County and I am sure they will receive from you the cooperation and assistance necessary to successfully make this survey.
L

Georgia State School Items

7

TALKS ON BANKING
The American Bankers' Association, in co-operation with the Georgia Bankers' Association, is to be commended for its effort to instruct the children above the seventh grade in business economic laws and customs, especially in their relation to banking. There is great ignorance of even those who graduate from college of the simple rules of banking. Even many are ignorant of how to draw a check or how to make a deposit in a bank. The Georgia Bankers' Association is offering to every school m Georgia above the seventh grade to send a competent person to teach the children these simple rules of business transactions. This is a great opportunity extended the Superintendents of Georgia to avail themselves of this offer. You can get full information by consulting your local bank cashier or writing direct to Mr. Robert Strickland, Jr., Chairman of the Educational Committee of the Georgia Bankers' Association, Fourth National Bank, Atlanta, Ga. Their program consists of the following:
Banking and Elementary Economics. The Bank Check. Loaning the Bank's Money. Character, the Basis of Bank Credit. The Bank and Your Investments. The Relationship Between Farmer and Banker. Our Relations and the Bank's Relations With the Rest of the World. I have made a careful examination of these and feel sure that you will miss a great opportunity if you fail to avail yourself of this unselfish offer of the Georgia Bankers' Association.
ANNUAL STATEMENT
The usual annual report required of superintendents of county and city schools will not be asked for this year. A financial statement for the year 1923 should be made out on blanks now being sent you. This report should be returned to the Department not later than January 15th. I can not too earnestly urge that it be an accurate and complete transcript of your financial operations during the year.
The other part of the report is but a consolidation of information contained in Attendance Cards sent you some time ago. A blank for this information will be sent you later.
DECISIONS OF STATE SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENT.
IN RE CASE OP J. Y. WALKER VS. JACKSON COUNTY BOARD OF EDUCATION. (BEING AN APPEAL FROM SAID BOARD TO THE STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS.)
December 7,1923.
The matter to be decided is whether the following rule of the Board of Education of Jackson County is authorized under the laws of Georgia:
"Rule 12. One or two-teacher schools shall not be allowed to teach above the seventh grade. Schools with three teachers, or more, may be allowed to teach high school subjects, subject to approval of the County School Superintendent." The State's appropriation must be used for elementary schools and the state demands that such a school be reasonably accessible to every child and taught for at least six months without any fee whatever. All grades above the seventh grade are supported by local tax, county-wide tax, incidental fees, etc.,--no part of the state appropriation being permitted to be used for this purpose. It is therefore clear that if the County Board of Jackson does not restrict in any way the first seven grades and, with a view to raising the efficiency of the school, does not allow the one and two-teacher schools to teach other grades without the permission of the County Superintendent of School, it in no way violates the state law and requirements. THEREFORE, it Is ordered that the decision of the County Board of Jackson be sustained.
N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
_J

8

Georgia State School Items

IN RE CASE OF PATRONS OF THE HARRISONVILLE DISTRICT VS. BOARD OF EDUCATION OF TROUP COUNTY.

ATLANTA, GEORGIA.

December 7,1923.

This case comes to the State Superintendent of Schools upon a petition of several patrons of the Harrisonville school district, asking that judgment of the County Board of Education be vacated, when they ordered the school at Harrisonville consolidated with that at Midway, without permitting the people of Harrisonville district to even petition them for a vote upon the question.

This question of the consolidation of Harrisonville district with two other districts and the establishment of a school in Harrisonville district, at Midway, had been under discussion by the Board since 1920. The Board's Minutes of May 1, 1923, are as follows:

"Moved, seconded and duly passed that the action of this body on July 11, 1922, in the

matter of consolidating Harrisonville and Midway schools stand ;i. e., that these two schools

*

be and are consolidated at Midway, and that the name shall be Harrisonville Consolidated

School."

Two weeks later, May 15th, the Board conceived the idea of effecting a larger consolidation--that of Hickory Grove School District and Freeman-Carter School district with that of the Harrisonville School District, and this order of consolidation was entered upon their minutes.

Upon June 5th, a petition was presented to the Board by the patrons of these districts, asking for an election, and an election was ordered for August 3, 1923. The Minutes of the Board show that the result of the election was adverse to the consolidation and, then, upon August 21, the following entry was made upon the Minutes:

"Resolved that it is the opinion of the Board that the school districts of Harrisonville, Hickory Grove, and Freeman-Carter are not consolidated as is shown by the election returns made to this body, but that it is the decision of the Board that the schools of Harrisonville and Midway, both located in the Harrisonville district, are already consolidated by former action at site of Midway and called Harrisonville Consolidated School.
Further, it is ordered by the Board that the date for the election of trustees of the Harrisonville Consolidated School shall take place on Wednesday, August 29th, at the site of old Midway, and that none but qualified voters of Harrisonville school district may participate."

Clearly the order for a larger consolidation annulled the action of the Board in making the smaller consolidation. Therefore this resolution of August 21st is the beginning point, and all the Minutes previous need not be considered.

The question to be decided is whether the Board, acting upon Section 90 of the School Code, can consolidate two schools in the same district without giving to the people of that district opportunity to petition the Board for an election.

The decision of the State School Superintendent is that it can not be done; that the right of petition for election must be preserved--this is clearly indicated in the following words of Section 90: "--whenever two or more schools are consolidated as hereafter provided--" which refer to the consolidation as given in Section 92 that requires, or that gives proper time for the patrons to petition for an election, and if as many as one-fourth of the patrons do petition (provided one-fourth of the said patrons shall consist of at least ten.) The minutes show that no such right or opportunity was given.

THEREFORE, it is ordered that before the action of the Board in their Minutes of August 21st, consolidating the Harrisonville school with that at Midway, can become effective, notice must be given to the patrons of said school district that such an order has been passed and opportunity given them to petition for an election, and the results of said election--if held--shall decide the question of consolidation.

N. H. BALLARD,

State Superintendent of Schools.

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education

N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.

Act

Entered as second-class matter October 5, of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing

1923, at the post at special rate of

office of postage

Atlanta provided

for0F in S^ ect^ ionr11J1S03,e,

Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.

^==-----=--==:

Vol. 1

Atlanta, January 1, 1924

No. 5

CONTRIBUTED BY M. L. DUGGAN
The above is a picture of Millhaven school in Screven County recently burned while school was in session. Previously to the passage of the Fire Hazard Bill there was no rear exit to this building. However, after the passage of this law a rear stairway was constructed and, due to this precaution, several lives were probably saved, for the old stairway in front was cut off before the children from upstairs had time to escape.
Below we give an editorial from Savannah Press:
SAVING SCHOOL PUPILS
Screven county has just had an experience which shows the value of an outside stairway to a public school building. The Millhaven school was recently destroyed by fire and the Sylvania Telephone in its account of the burning of the building says:
The fire caught in a large box of waste paper on the front porch, and was not discovered until the flames broke the window glass and filled the room where one grade was at work. The fire spread so rapidly that the inside stairway to the second story was obstructed in a minute or two, and had it not been for an outside stairway that had recently been added, it would have been impossible for all of the" children upstairs to have escaped. As it was, nobody was hurt, though the building was entirely consumed. An outside stairway for the upper story of school buildings has recently been made obligatory in Georgia, and County School Superintendent H. J. Arnett has been enforcing this rigidly, withholding checks where it was not done. The wisdom of this regulation is now stressed by the burning of the Millhaven school building. The credit for the passage of the law providing for outside stairways in public schools belongs very largely to Mrs. Napier, the lady Legislator from Bibb. The Legislature convened last summer very soon after the terrible tragedy in a school building in South Carolina, where so many children and adults, too, met their death during a fire that caught while an entertainment was in progress on the upper floor. Mrs. Napier and a few other members of the General Assembly, profiting by this experience in a neighboring State, framed a bill making it obligatory that school buildings of two

floors or more should have outside stairways. It was the passage of this law and its enforcement on the part of the School Superintendent of Screven county that prevented a

tragedy in the Millhaven school fire.

.

School Superintendent Arnett of Screven seems to he made of the right sort ot stuff.

He believes laws passed by the Georgia Legislature are made to be obeyed.--Savannah

Press.

SCHOOL BOOK BILL
To be entitled an Act to provide a method by which school books may be furnished free, or rented, to the children of Georgia under a local option plan, by counties, cities, local school systems and separate school districts; to provide a time and method by which school books shall be adopted; to provide a method of distribution at definite prices; to repeal conflicting laws; to provide for exchange price of old books, and tor
other purposes. Section 1 Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Georgia, That within sixty
days after the passage of this Act it shall be the duty of the State Board of Education, acting as the State Text-Book Commission, to adopt a series of school books for the schools of the State according to the laws now govering the adoption of school books; provided, that the said Text-Book Commission shall not be limited or restrained by, or restricted to the 50% exchange rate for old books as provided in the Act of 1903, known as the State Umformitv Act, but the said State Text-Book Commission is hereby authorized and directed to obtain the best exchange rate for old books possible, provided that the exchange rate or allowance for the old books shall be as much as is allowed by the publisher of the new book as the rate allowed in any other State under like conditions and terms of adoption, provided the change of books under this Act shall not exceed
50% of the entire list for an adoption period. Section 2. Be it further enacted, That all the terms, conditions, and benefits ob-
tainable and applicable, in the State Uniformity Act of 1903, and also of the Act of 1916, approved August 8th, known as the Yeomans Act, shall apply to and be available for all the schools of this State governed by the adoption made under this Act.
Section 3. Be it further enacted. That for the purpose of furnishing free school books, either by renting, lending or giving them to the children of the State, any county, city, separate districts or independent school districts may have the right to use a part of their school funds derived from State appropriation, local taxation, gifts or bequests. according to the wish of the local school authorities. If a county as a whole wishes to rent, lend or give free books, the question may be determined by the Board of Education of the county. If a local or separate district wishes to so furnish books, the question may be determined by the Board of Trustees of such district, but must be approved by
the County Board of Education. If the books are rented to the children, the rental price shall in no event be greater
than 50% of the price of the book. For the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Section, it shall be the duty ot
the State School Board, through the State Superintendent of Education, to devise plans, methods, rules and regulations governing the same.
Section 4. Be it further enacted, That School Boards of any division handling school funds, are authorized to furnish books free to children whose parents or guardians, in the judgment of the School Board, are unable to provide their children with books.
Section 5. Be it further enacted, That County Boards of Education shall be required to have on hand a sufficient supply of books for the various schools under their charge and shall give public notice five days prior to the opening of such session that such books are available and the County Boards of Education may designate some agent Or agents to handle such books for the various schools under their jurisdiction.
Section 6. Be it further enacted, That all laws in conflict with this Act are hereby
repealed.
Approved Dec. 19, 1923.

PUBLISHERS AND AUTHORS OF SCHOOL BOOKS--TAKE NOTICE
The State School Book Commission of the State of Georgia will receive at the office of the State Superintendent of Schools in Atlanta, Ga., sealed bids or proposals up to Tuesday, 10:00 o'clock A. M., January 22, 1924, to furnish books covering the following subjects for a period of five years, to be used in the common or public schools of tins State, using the same in conformity with Section 18 to Section 39. inclusive, of the Georgia School Code, approved August 18,1919, known as the Uniform Text Book Law, and Acts amendatory thereof; also in conformity with Section 40 to 53, inclusive, of the Georgia School Code, approved August 18, 1919, known as the Yeomans' Text Book Law and Acts amendatory thereof, providing a uniform system of school books:
Orthography, Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, Geography, English Language Lessons, English Grammar, History of Georgia, containing the.Constitution of the State of Georgia, History of the United States, containing the Constitution of the United States, Physiology and Hygiene, Elementary Agriculture and Civil Government.
Bidders are required to deposit with the Treasurer of the State $500 for each series up to the total of $2,500 as a pledge for faithful compliance with their bids. The State School Book Commission reserves the right to reject any or all bids, and bids are to be submitted to all the restrictions of the law.
CLIFFORD WALKER, President Georgia Schoolbook Commission.

DISCOUNTING SCHOOL WARRANTS

By virtue of the authority contained in an Act of the General Assembly of Geor-

gia, approved August 13, 1915, pages 56-57, and amendment thereto, Georgia Laws,

1919, page 330, the undersigned acting for the local school authorities of Georgia, will

receive bids at the office of the State Superintendent of Schools, at the Capitol in At-

lanta, Thursday, January 17, 1924, up to 12 o'clock Noon Standard Central Time, seal-

ed bids for the purchase of not over $3,000,000.00 of warrants to be drawn by the Gov-

ernor on the funds appropriated by the Legislature for the public schools for the year

II

1924, said warrants to be drawn at the end of each month in such sums as needed and for such amounts as are then due to the teachers. The warrants to be disposed of to the bid-

der offering the lowest rate of discount. Said warrants will be issued by the Gov-

ernor for the purpose of anticipating the collection of taxes for the year 1924, and will

be payable February 1, 1925, except those issued in October and November, these ma-

turing on March 1, 1925. Under the same law, warrants were issued and sold as fol-

lows during 1923: February, $501,828; March, $555,889; April, $602,491; May, $395,-

066; June, $190,813; July, $136,462; August, and September, $40,685; October, $199,768;

November, $230, 616. This should give an approximate idea of the time and amount of

warrants needed.

Bids will be opened at the office of the State Superintendent of Schools at 12
o'clock Noon, Standard Central Time, Thursday, January 17, 1924. The right is hereby reserved to reject any and all bids. This December 13, 1923. Approved:

CLIFFORD WALKER, Governor

N. U. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools

SCHOOL SURVEY
The list below is a tentative assignment of comities to the Surveyors for the months of January, February, March and April:
MR. DUGGAN January--Jones, Wilkinson, Twiggs, Houston, Macon, Dooly. February--Emanuel, Treutlen, Toombs, Jeff Davis, Appling, Wayne. March--Gordon, Bartow, Paulding, Haralson. April--Hart, Franklin, Banks, Jackson, Madison, Elbert.
MR. POUND January--Ware, Pierce, Charlton, Brantley, Camden, Glynn. February--Grady, Decatur, Seminole, Early, Baker, Miller. ilarch--Dade, Walker, Catoosa, Chattooga, Murray, Whitfield. April--Columbia, McDuffie, Warren, Glaseock, Lincoln. Wilkes, Oglethorpe.
MR. SMITH January--Screven, Bulloch, Effingham, Bryan, Liberty, Mclntosh. February--Burke, Jenkins, Candler, Tattnall, Long. March--Lumpkin, White, Habersham, Stephens, Dawson, Forsyth. April--Hancock, Putnam, Taliaferro, Greene, Morgan, Walton!
MR. GODARD January--Talbot, Marion, Schley, Chattahoochee, Stewart, Webster. February--Atkinson, Clinch, Echols, Lanier, Berrien, Cook. March--Union, Fannin, Gilmer, Pickens, Cherokee. April--Carroll, Heard, Troup, Meriwether, Harris.
MR. MARTIN January--Rockdale, Newton. Jasper, Upson, Crawford, Taylor. February--Wilcox, Dougherty, Worth, Turner, Tift, Irwin. March--Quitman, Randolph, Terrell, Clay, Calhoun. April--Oconee, Barrow, Gwinnett, Lanier, Bleckley, Pulaski.
The following counties will be surveyed from the office by special assignment.
Cobb, Campbell, Douglas, Fayette, Clayton, Spalding, Butts, Henry, DeKalb, Milton.
Fulton County will be surveyed by Mr. Carleton B. Gibson of Savannah, Musccee County by Mr. Willis A. Sutton of Atlanta. Bibb County bv Mr. Lawton B. Evans of Augusta, Richmond County by Mr. Roland B. Daniel of Columbus, Chatham County by Mr. C. H. Bruce of Macon, Clarke County by the Department of Education of the State Normal School, Baldwin County by the Department of Education of the Georgia State College for Women and Lowndes County by the Department of Education of the Georgia State Woman's College.

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education

N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.

Vol. 1

Atlanta, January 15, 1924

No. 6

SUMMER INSTITUTES
Summer Institutes for teachers will begin Tuesday, July first and end with the State examination on Friday, August first. They will be held at the following places:
First District A. & M. School, Statesboro, E. V. Hollis, Principal Second District A. & M. School, Tifton, S. L. Lewis, Principal Third District A. & M. School, Americus, J. M. Prance, Principal Fourth District A. & M. School, Carrollton, I. S. Ingram, Principal Fifth District A. & M. School, Monroe, J. H. Walker, Principal Sixth District A. & M. School, Barnesville, T. 0. Galloway, Principal Seventh District A. & M. School, Powder Springs, H. R. Hunt, Principal Eighth District A. & M. School, Madison, B. F. Gay, Principal Ninth District A. & M. School, Clarkesville, W. A. Hatfield, Principal Tenth District A. & M. School, Granite Hill, L. F. Elrod, Principal Eleventh District A. & M. School, Douglas, J. M. Thrash, Principal Twelfth District A. & M. School, Cochran, F. M. Greene, Principal and at Ellijay, Georgia, principal unassigned. Write Superintendent F. E. Pettit for the present. At least two other schools will be assigned--their places have not yet been
determined. No teacher is compelled to attend any of these institutes. However, they are or-
ganized primarily for the purpose of giving practical training to such teachers as will be employed in the schools for the coming year, who have not had normal training or any great amount of successful experience. It will be an opportunity to any teacher who expects to teach for the coming year in the public schools and every one who is not in attendance upon some other summer school will find it helpful and beneficial to attend these summer institutes. Especially they will be helpful towards making a higher grade of license, since much of the course will be directed along the lines of preparation for the state examination. Any teacher now engaged, or who is to be engaged in school work the coming year, will be admitted provided they obtain from the county school superintendent a certificate stating this fact and file this certificate with the principal of the school they wish to attend. It is understood, however, that these schools are organized to meet an emergency and in no wise conflict with the regular summer schools held in different parts of the state. All teachers who can attend these are earnestly recommended to do so. These summer institutes are for such teachers as can not and will not attend the regular summer schools held at the different colleges.
The cost of attending these schools is $16.00 for board and $4.00 incidental. This $4.00 will cover the extra cost for lights, entertainments, etc.
The faculty of these schools will be, as far as possible, master teachers. In each of them there will be at least a primary teacher, a teacher of Arithmetic, a teacher of English, and a teacher of Geography. The text books used will be the state-adopted books. No pedagogy, no psychology, no frills will be taught. The student body will be organized into classes and taught by the master teachers the same subjects that they will present in a short time to their children, with the hope of imitating the master teacher that they may better present the same subjects in their own schools.
We are now looking for such a faculty. Any applications will be gladly received

mmmmm

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

The State contract for uniform adoption expired January first. This list was im-

mediately filed by the publishers under the Yeomans prices, which is the lowest net wholesale price at which the book is sold anywhere in America. These books, at wholesale

prices, are furnished to Boards of Education or to their designated agent, who are per-

mitted to charge not more than 15 per cent in selling them to the children. Of course Boards of Education can handle them themselves without any profit if they see fit-
On January 22nd, the State Board will adopt for the next five years and ID the

issue of School Items of February 1, complete data will be given as to this adoption. This

adoption, however, will not require any book to be changed before next September. If

you had ordered books at the old prices before January 1, and the publishers of the

books have failed to send you the amount ordered, and you need these books, it is then-

duty to make the order complete, even now, and should they fail to do so, I will appre-

ciate it if you will let me know just what publisher has failed in this respect.

The state books have been filed since January first at the following prices:

READERS:

American Book Company

Wholesale Price

Practical Primer Practical First Reader Practical Second Reader Practical Third Reader

$ -24 -[TM -2 -3

Practical Fourth Reader

-48

Chas. E. Merrill Company, 440 Fourth Avenue, New York City

Graded Literature Reader, Fifth Book

-60

Scott Foresman Co.--(Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta)

Elson Reader, Sixth Grade

-63

Elson Header, Seventh Grade

TM

Rand McNally Co.--(Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta)

Powell's Spirit of Democracy

-93%

Row Peterson Co.-- (Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta)

Reading Literature Primer

-36

Houghton Mifflin Co.--(Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta)

Riverside First Reader

-36

Riverside Second Reader

-42

Riverside Third Reader

-45

Riverside Fourth Reader

-48

Riverside Fifth Reader

-48

Riverside Sixth Reader

-54

Riverside Seventh Reader

-54

ARITHMETIC:

Chas. Scribners' Sons

Morey's Little Folks Number Book

-48

Ginn & Company

Wentworth Smith Essentials of Arithmetic, Primary Book

.42

Wentworth Smith Essentials of Arithmetic, Intermediate Book

.48

n

Wentworth Smith Essentials of Arithmetic Advanced Book

.51

GRAMMAR:

American Book Company

Maxwell Johnson and Barnum's Speaking & Writing, Book 1

.36

D. C. Heath Company

Modern Course in English, Book 1

.60

Modern Course in English, Book 2

.75

HISTORY: Benj. H. Sanborn Co.--(Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta)

Evans' First Lessons in American History

.495

Evans' Essential Facts of American History

.765

Rand-McNally Company--(Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta)

Mace-Tanner Old Europe and Young America

$3%

GEORGRAPHY:

Ginn & Company

Frye's New Geography, Book 1, with Georgia Supplement

.96

Macmillan Company

Tarr & McMurray's World Geographies, Second Book, Special Georgia

Edition

1.20

PHYSIOLOGY:

J. P. Lippinoctt Co.--(Sou. School Book Dep., Atlanta)

Jones, Keep Well Stories

.51

World Book Company--(Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta)

Ritchie Caldwell Primer of Hygiene & Sanitation

.60

Chas. E. Merrill Co.--(Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta)

Winslow's Healthy Living

.75

SPELLING:

American Book Company

Hunt's Modern Word Book for Primary Grades

.30

Hunt's Elementary School Speller, Complete

.39

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

5

HIGH SCHOOL AID
Checks for elementary consolidation were sent out early in January. The High school aid cannot be sent until some time in March or April. This is due to the fact that it was not set aside from the 1923 school fund when the aid was apportioned. Necessarily it can not be paid until the four million two hundred and fifty thousand dollars have been paid into the Treasury. Then the first hundred thousand dollars above this will be used to pay it. It follows that if the school fund is paid no more for 1923 than it received for 1922 this aid cannot be paid at all unless the General Assembly passed it as a deficiency measure. However it is fair to say that the Governor has promised that the schools shall receive one-half the revenue of the state above eight million, five hundred thousand dollars. In that case, the high school aid will be paid about the time mentioned above and something like five hundred thousand dollars should be distributed to the county school boards.
ON TO CHICAGO
The Department of Superintendence, National Educational Association, will meet in Chicago, Feb. 23-28, 1924. Reduced railroad fare on certificate plan one and one-half rate. Kyle T. Alfriend, Forsyth, Ga., Director for Georgia.
Would like to have a large attendance from Georgia. If you will write the State Department just stating that you are going and just what accommodations you wish, we will do the rest. Just write, right away.

COUNTY SCHOOL SURVEYS
In this issue of the Items, we begin the publication of the report of the surveyors upon the different counties. This will be continued, through May, when we hope that every county will have been surveyed.
The published report is condensed from the surveyors' data handed in and it is believed to be sufficient to give a fair idea of the counties as a whole. From time to time we will indicate methods of interpretation.
The survey is being conducted under the general direction of M. L. Duggan, assisted by E. A. Pound, I. S. Smith, George D. Godard, and J. O. Martin. The Georgia State College for Women, through Dr. Park, assigned Miss Lurline Parker, Miss Sarah Mell Duggan, and Miss Rebecca Hearn, who are doing splendid work towards consolidating the surveys and in every way aiding to make the survey a complete success. Many other persons are contributing valuable assistance, to whom we will call attention from time to time.
A--Excellent; B--Very Good; C--Fair; D--Poor; E--Very Poor. 2 + =2 year or more. * Independent System; f--High School only; G--Private School. 2--=Less than 2 years.
COWETA COUNTY.
UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

13,447

15,999

29,446

9,089

6,231

3,453

291

16

1910

12,531

16,267

28,798

8,895

5,505

4,843

530

23.5

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates 10-18 Yrs.

White

1918

3,958

1923

4,193

Colored
5,124 4,643

Total
9,082 8,836

White
48 16

Colored
92 68

Total
140 84

Personal $ 3,017,028

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
COWETA COUNTY TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $ 5,453,790

Corporation S 1,822,290

Polls $ 2757

SCHOOL

* jNewnan High

* " Temple Ave..

* " Atk. Gram...

* " Murray St....

East Newnan

Grantville

White Oak.. Senoia...

Moreland

Sargent

Starr High

Raymond

Haralson

Madras

Midway

Mt. Carmel

Welcome.

Handy

Bethlehem

Bethel

Corner Branch

Farmdale

Huggins

...

Happy Valley

Wortham

Macedonia

Mclntosh

Lee's Chapel

Total t-High School only. -Independent.

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9 9,359.50 12 7 13 10

9 5,356

78 6

9 1,395

32 1

9 2,340

74 2

9 6,885

11 8 8

9 1,195

9

2

9 4,945

11

6

9 2,810

9

4

9 3,105

10

5

9 3,990

11

8

9 1,305

8

2

9 1,890

10

3

9 1,125

8

1

9 540

8

0

9 1,305

10

1

9 1,890

10

3

9 1,215

9

2

9 495

7

0

9 450

6

0

9 450

6

0

9 450

6

0

9 585

7

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9 720

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3

...284

BBB

1

51

ACO

2 - ..108

ACO

45 .... B C D

22 .... D D D

52 .... C B O

75 .... A C O

60 .... E D D

18 .... ADC

1

25 .... E D D

11 .... ADC

24 .... E D E

17 .... B D D

20 .... B D D

18 .... ODE

26 .... ADD

48 .... E C C

25 .... E D E

9 69,565.50 97 97 80 17 68 29 43

90 2878 B+C+C-

Grade

Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total

510 323 326 296 | 296 260 227

Number

Accelerated

31 15 6 8 8 14 17

Number Normal... 356 215 211 166 158 142 119

Number

Retarded

123 93 109 122 130 104 91

%Aecelerated-

6 5 13 2 5 7

%Normal_._

70 63 62 56 53 55 53

%Retarded.

24 32 37 41 45 40 40

Median Age.

Med. Retardation

149 105
43 14 63 45
43 46 3 13
42 43 55 44

88 82 2662
29 41 226 33 34 1542
26 17 894 32 50 10% 37 42 62% 31 8 28%

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
COWETA COUNTY

RECOMMENDATIONS ON REPORT OF COWETA COUNTY SURVEY OCTOBER 29-

NOVEMBER 2, 1923.

By E. A. Pound, I. S. Smith, J. O. Martin, George D. Godard, Misses Sarah M. Duggan and

Lurline Parker.

As a result of a wise administration, Ooweta County is one of the aggressive counties, educa-

tionally. It is one of the few counties that can have the following said of it:

1. A well organized county-wide system of consolidation has been planned which provides

for elementary, junior high and senior high schools, accessible to every child in the county.

As far as circumstances permit, this plan is being put into effect throughout the county.

IK The Starr High School is a splendid example of an up-to-date consolidated school.

2. A nine months' coninuous term prevails throughout the county.

3. Teachers are paid much better than average salaries. This enables the Superintendent

to secure better professionally equipped teachers for a longer tenure of service. Two-

thirds of the teachers now in service in this county, have remained there from year to year.

This also has a great bearing upon the achievement of the children in the schools.

The following recommendations are submitted:

1. A continuation of the policy of consolidating small schools, which is entirely feasible on

account of the good roads throughout the county.

2. A more strict enforcement of the compulsory attendance law.

""'

3. A more liberal supply of certain equipment, such as maps, globes, dictionaries, etc., in

the schools.

4. A closer co-ordination between the work of the schools and that of the Home Demonstra-

tion Agent and the Farm Demonstration Agent.

5. A more rigid enforcement of the Kea Health Law.

Note: The County colored schools were not in operation at the time the survey was made.

COLQUITT COUNTY

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10 Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

20,875

8,457

29,332

9,225

7,841

2,382

218

11.5

1910

15,172

4,617

19,789

5,896

3,455

2,205

235

16

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

1918 1923

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

5,950 6,889

2,066 2,616

8,016

27

9,505

23

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Illiterates 10-18 Yrs.

Colored

Total

77

104

59

82

Personal $ 2,143,400

Land

Corporation

$ 5,565,883

$ 501,690

Age-Grade Retardation

Polls $ 2,695

Grade

II III IV

VI VI VIII IX

XI Total

Total

1376 675 569 630 559 394 341 221 127 76 39 5007

Number

Accelerated

58 25 16 14 17 19 4

4

6 3 5 171

Number Normal... 820 297 215 195 192 141 118 89 63 41 25 2196

Number

Retarded

498 353 338 421 350 234 219 128 58 32 9 2867

%Accelerated

43

22

351

1

54 10 3%

%Normal

61 44 36 30 34 35 35 40 49 54 64 41%

%Retarded

^.. 35 53 62 68 63 60 64 59 46 42 26 56%

Median Age

Med. Retardation

mmm

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
COLQUITT COUNTY.

SCHOOL
C3

X!
+
P 03

ti S3

S3

03 M

03^

22

do

30

M

*fMoultrie High

9 $ 13,040 8 4 10 9

* " Central Gram.-- .9 15,320 16 7 17 17

734

17

2

15 220

BBB

722 ._B B B B

* " First Ward Funston

9 4,250 5 4 5 5

522

172..C CAB

/9Hi. 6,355 11 10 11 10 1 10 1 2 10 3 390

E AB

\7E1.

*Doerun

9

Norman Park (Pub.)... 7

Ty Ty

}

5

Berlin

6

Culberson

5

Hartsfield

7

Cotton Mill

9

Crossland

7

Cool Springs

5

Bay Pole

6

Autreyville

6

Ellenton

5

Sunset

7

Poplar Arbor

5

Reedy Creek

5

Rock Hill

5

New Elm

7

Center Hill

6

Herring

6

Sinclair

7

Troy

5

Union

5

Rose Hill

5

Rocky Ford

7

Stallings

5

Mt. Sinai

7

Sigsbee

5

Pine Hill

5

Murphy

6

Evergreen

5

Bethel

5

Horn

5

Horkan

7

Hempstead

5

Schley

7

Sumner

5

Rochelle

7

McNeil

5

May

5

Oaky Grove

5

Old Elm

5

Pine Mount

5

Pleasant Hill

5+

Midway

5

NormanPark

9

6,775 3,460
2,600 2,430 1,825 2,975 3,225 1,960 1,350 1,180 1,145
950 1,505
925 1,000 1,075
950 690 840 1,050 650 575 675 1,085 575 740 650 625 1,020 325 325 325 525 325 455 300 390 325 325 300 350 450
325 325 16,569

7 11 8 8

7 13 2 6 205..

9977

6 17

1 269_.

6 9 7 6 17

41

255..

6 10 6342 4 5 4 1 214..

685412314

180..

595412 3 3 2

164..

4 7 4 4 .... 2 2 14 .... 101..

59422

43

112..

484222 2 3

145..

383122 1 1

120..

383212123

81..

383

3

322

136..

3 10 3 3

3

34

110..

373212 1 1 2

94..

3 8 3 2 13

15

111..

493212 1 1

1 59.

2832

2 13

89_

2722

2

2 39-

2 7 2 2 .-_- 1 1 2 2 ---- 63_

292

22

6

57.

282111 113 1 77.

282

2 112 2

46.

282111 1 2 1 .... 89_

2 8 2 2 .-.. 112

69.

182111 1 1 1

48.

292

2- 2

24

61.

2 7 2 2 -._- 2 .-_. 1

88.

272111 121

71.

2922

2

1

64.

14 1 .... 1 1 .... 1

41.

271

1

11

34_

2 7 1 .... 1 1 .... 1 1 .... 43.

2 7 11

1

45_

17 1

11

1

37,

17 11

1

3

26_

2 7 1 ...- 1 ..-- 1 1

43.

2 7 11

111 .... 36.

17 1

1

11

38.

17 1

1

11

42.

16 1

1

11

46.

17 11

1

1

33.

17 11 .__- 1

4 .... 52.

18 1 .-.. 1 1

2 -_-- 39.

17 1

11

12

34.

11 12 14 14

866

204.

BAB

DAD

E AD

DE D

EBD

EEC

ACB

EAC

E DD

EDC

EEO

EDC

E CC

EDC

E CD

DDO

E E

D C

Cc

E E

D C

D
c

E CB

EDC

E DD

ECC

DDD

ODC

E DD

E CD

CDC

E DE

CDE

E DD

EDE

E DE

EDC

E DE

EDO

DDD

EDC

E DE

EBC

E CD

DDE

EDE

DEB

Total

6+$105,409

t-High School only.

170 170 129 41 120 53 87 76 29 6028. .... E+ D+--D+

-Independent.

-Private School.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

!

COLQUITT COUNTY

REPORT ON COLQUITT COUNTY SURVEY

BY

E. A. Pound, J. O. Martin, Miss Lurline Parker, Nov. 1923.

Colquitt County is to be commended for the interest it is now manifesting educationally. It
is one of the pioneer counties in the matter of consolidation of schools, but the ideal has not been
attained in this county as scores of rural children have not an equality of educational opportunity.
The reasons for this are as follows:
The county has too many small schools teaching, too many grades to the teacher. These schools should be merged into larger schools in at least fourteen places. The terms of the rural school are too short, varying from five to seven months. Many of the buildings are old and unsightly, some absolutely unfit for school purposes. These should eventually be abandoned for new consolidated schools. The sanitary conditions of the schools should be improved. There are too many so called High Schools. It is recommended that the county and city build a joint High School in order to take care of those children who are now denied this advantage. 6. Attendance upon summer school has been the habit with perhaps a majority of teachers. However, there are some teachers inadequately prepared for the work they are doing. The esprit de corps is fine and is largely attributable to the spirit of the County Superintendent, who is interested in his work and is in every way capable and efficient. The attendance upon schools is very fine. There are-in this county only twenty three white illiterates between the ages of ten and eighteen. It is the desire of the Superintendent to eliminate illiteracy entirely during the next few years. More than three fourths of the districts of the county are levying a local tax from two to ten mills in addition to the county wide tax of five mills. 10. The negro schools should be given more attention. Very little per capita is spent upon them and there is not a decent school building in the county. 11. More attention should be given to water supply. 12. Despite all these handicaps, this county is moving forward and the hope is entertained that eventually it will rank amongst the very first in the state.

TOWNS COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total Years

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years

Years

1920

3,937

3,937

1,181

1,043

254

17

9

1910

3,917

15

3,932

1,248

992

436

40

15.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates 10-18 Yrs.

White

1918

1,195

1923

1,300

Personal

Colored

Total

White

1,195

13

1,300

22

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored

Total 13 22
Polls

$217,838

$561,906

$3,476

$973

F^

iimppfi tmmmm

10

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

TOWNS COUNTY.

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

I

II

III

IV

V

VI

TotaL

-. 319

114

113

173

123

62

Number Accelerated. 19

3

1

4

2

2

Number Normal

173

34

35

32

22

11

Number Retarded... 127

77

77

137

99

49

%Accelerated

5

3

1

2

2

3

%Normal

54

29

31

18

17

17

%Retarded

41

68

68

80

81

80

Median Age

---

Med. Retardation

VII Total

70

974

2

33

15

322

53

619

3

6

28

33

69

64

4->

SCHOOL
03

2d
+
P cS CV!

d

+3
d

>>
OS
03

CD
a 03 M o
aH
is w

<D ,C 1 CO

11 oj
0

Md di

aa

a>

W) <J

w

Hiawassee Young Harris Mt. Scene Bell Creek Brass Town Fodder Creek.
Gum-Log..Hogg Creek Lower-Hightower
Macedonia-- Pine Grove Pleasant Hill._ TateCity. Upper Bell Creek West Union... Wood's Grove

--- 6 ! 6

720 720

6
6

720 360

6 --- 6

720 285

6 6 6

300 360 360

6

360

6

300

6 6 6

360 210 300

6 6

300 360

7 22

2

7 22

2

82

2

2

7 1 1 .... 1

7 2 2 .... 1 1

7 1 ... 1 .-- 1

7 11

1

7 11

1

7 11

1

7 11

1 ....

51

... 1

7 11

51

1

71

11

71

1

91

11

118

O 1) E

105

DOE

67

EEE

120

DE E

109

E CD

0 0 45.... E D E

44

EDE

65___. C D E

53

EBE

52

E DE

36

CEE

61.... E D E

17

DDE

55.... B D E

40

E DE

52

DDE

Total

6 $ 6,735 21 .... 20 12 8 13 7 15

0 1039. D--D+ E

NoHtiea'wassee# --A Baptist High School Enrollment 75

\ Only 15% of pupils enrolled in these

Young Harris" --A Methodist Junior College Enrollment 500 / schools reside in Towns county.

REPORT ON TOWNS COUNTY SURVEY (By all supervisors.) Oct. 1923.
Public schools and public roads present exceptionally difficult problems in our mountain counties Here is where we find the strongest argument for an equalization fund which would approximate more nearly the equalization of educational opportunity to the state's children.
For instance the table on Supplement "A" shows minimum salary paid to teachers as $210.00; maximum salary $360.00. About two-thirds of the teachers are receiving the maximum amount. Bv reference to a bulletin issued on Towns county in 1917, it will be seen that the maximum salary at that time was $150.00, and the minimum $125.00. We doubt if any county can show much better percentage of increase during this period than this mountain county.
And yet, it must be admitted that the greatest need of the public school system in Towns County is better teachers, to whom there must be paid better salaries. Not much better can be expected from the resources of this mountain county and it would seem therefore that a larger proportion of state aid must be given to properly educate the state's children residing here.
Outside aid in considerable amounts has been given to the two high schools of the county. The one the Baptist High School at Hiawassee, and the other, the well known Methodist High School at Young Harris; but through these agencies high school opportunities in the county have been developed far and beyond that "of elementary and primary schools, and partly as a result of this, these two high schools have had to draw their patronage very largely from other and distant
The main recommendation to be made for this county is the provision of some means through which equalization fund can help these good people to build better schools for their children.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

11

JEFFERSON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
9,442 8,400

Colored
13,148 12,979

Total

6-18 Attending Years

22,590 21,379

7,210 7,002

5,015 4,081

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

Over 10 Years
3,731 2,992

16-20 Years
484 318

Per Cent
23.2 20.0

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
2,830 2,836

Colored

Total

White

4,159 4,306

6,989

48

7,142

31

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
559 353

Total
607 384

Personal $1,545,425

Land $3,906,976

Corporation $726,479

Polls $3,809

SCHOOL

LouisvUle.

IWadley.

Bartow ..

Wrens

Stapleton

Avera

Zebina.

--

Mathews

Grange

Stellaville

Woodland

Moxley

Gamble Mill

Stapleton Cross Roads.

Brinson.

Union

Haddens Mill

Alexander

Holly Grove

Midway

Johnson..

Calhoun

Oedar Grove

Laurel HilL

Post Oak

CD

a
N
CD
H

03
"w 3

9 $ 9,690 9 7,805
6,945 8,340 6,411 2,790 2,760 2,340 2,700 2,240
840 1,620 1,280 1,085
980 1,045
400 585 420 450 540 595 400 400 400

4^

CD

M

aCO
o

CD
A

a o

ID

CD
H

aCO
CD O
3

A CD
ft

CD

CD a
4^

CD

CD

CD

>jCD

cd

1- CD
>>

aCD
o

cci
0 O
CD 1

a4^> aCD

o 6

03 H

6

fc

'A CO

+
tn CM

| +3
rH 5

w m aH

30 CD
W)

n1

CO <J

H

12 11 11 11 .. 9 2

6 11 9 9

81

7 11 10 10

10

12 11 12 12

10 2

7 11

7

7

4 11

31 22

3 11

31 4

3 10

3

3

39

12 3

10 3

3

3

17

... 2 2

11 2

2

11

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

11

1

1

1

2

1

1

1

1. . 1 1

1

1

1

1

1

.... 1

1

337 C 243 D 300 D 366 D 226 C 164 E 74 E 82 100
85 30 52 40 52
42 41 33 32 28
29 24
25
17

O
c

A B

A B

cc

C A

B A

BBA

DDD

DOD

ODD

DOC

BC C

EDE

DDD

E DD

E DD

DDD

DDE

DDD

ECO

E DE

C DE

DDE

ODD

EEE

EE

Total

8$ 63,061 97

87 77 10 77 10

Remarks: IRecently voted $55,000 Bonds for new Building.

Recently voted $40,000 Bonds for new Building.

2422 D D D+D+

12

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

JEFFERSON COUNTY

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total Number Accelerated Number Normal
Number Retarded
%Accelerated %Normal
%Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

414 264 278 266 275 218 157 182 126 132 107 2419

19 15 10 23 16

6

3

7

6 12

2 119

309 162 176 135 120 113 73 86 67 81 67 1389

86 87 92 108 139 99 81 89 53 39 38 911

4

6

4

9

6

3

2

3

5

9

2

5

75 61 63 50 44 52 46 47 53 61 62 58

21 33 33 41 50 45 52 50 42 30 36 37

.... 6.9 8.3 9.5 10.7 12.1 12.8 14.1 14.9 15.7 16.3 17. 6

0.3 0.5 0.7 1.1 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.3 0. 6

JEFFERSON COUNTY. By Duggan & Hill

s
I*

Dec. 1923.

The Jefferson County public school system is upon the whole well organized, and the work

is being fairly well supervised. A large majority of the pupils attend one or the other of the five or

six centralized high schools which are geographically well distributed over the county, and to which

12 or 15 comfortable school trucks bring them over good roads. This transportation costs upon the

whole about $12,060.00 per annum, but the opportunities thus afforded to the large number of pu-

pils daily transported are immensely increased, and cannot be estimated in terms of dollars and

cents.

CRISP COUNTY

Population

UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

9,065

9,849

18,914

5,871

4,328

2,880

302

20.6

1910

7,806

8,616

16,422

4,790

3,105

2,325

225

19.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
2,645 2,774

Colored

Total

White

2,775 2,803

5,420

5

5,577

7

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
69 66

Total
74 73

Personal $1,302,937

Land $3,894,581

Corporation $756,892

Polls $1,412

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

13

CRISP COUNTY.

SCHOOL
t*Cordele High * " (Oneal) * " North Hts Wenona
Arabi Tremont Penia Haw Pond Atkins Hatley Bay Springs Mt. Carmel Cedar Creek Ebenezer Clements Friendship Bridges Williford PatevUle Sharon ZionHill Coney Ross County Line Midway. Sandy Mt.._ Providence Union.
Total

do

d



OS

C3 60

SO

go

9 3 13,855

9 11,405

9 4,860

7 1,365

9 2,745

7 1,260

7 1,890

7

700

7

880

7 1,050

7

940

7 1,050

7

905

7 1,015

7

910

7

740

7 1,300

7 1,015

7 1,540

7

805

7

975

7

420

7

490

7

315

7

490

-7

450

7

455

7

420

7 54,245

9 4 10 10

18 7 16 15

10 6 6 6

39 3

4 10 4

38 3

3 10 4

17 2

2

2

2

2

3

2

2

2

2

2

1

2

2

2

2

2

3

3

2

2

3

2

2

61

71

71

91

81

71

81

064 4

1 13 3 5

060 3

121 1

022 2

012 2

131 1

111 1

102 2

020 2

120 2

020 2

202 2

111 1

12

2

1 .... ~2~ 2

2

22

12
2 3 "6"

111

011

001

101

101

101

010

101

110

83

83 61 22 53 30 46

Age-Grade Retardation

10 91
20 11 2 00 0 1 2 0 0 0 9 7 0 5 0 4 3 4 1 2 0 0 0 0 0

275 A

AA

487 A

BB

149

AB

71

DD

94

ED

57

ODD

125

CDC

49

E DD

45

DOD

54

DB D

64.... D O D

75

E OD

43

E OD

53

DCD

52

DCC

29

E DD

72

DDD

62

E DD

104

DCD

24.... D D C

44

E DD

19.... D D D

38.... DOC

24.... E D D

21.-. E O D

22.... E D D

22.... D D D

33--. E D D

53 95 2207 D--C-- D+

Grade

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

I

Total

391 228 287 266 248 213 154 146 107 66 61 2167

Number

._

Accelerated ... 30 9 5 21 11 9 13

Number Normal... 300 140 161 124 129 90 82

,,

,

,

,,,,,

8 4 1 1 122

84 65 51 50 1276

Retarded

...

<7 Accelerated

%Normal

%Retarded::::.:"...

Median Age

Med. Retardation

61 69 121 121 108 114 59 7428548
78 61 56 46 52 42 54 15 35 42 46 43 54 38
--

52 38 14 10 667

5311

6

57 60 77 82 61

38 37 22 17 33

-

REPORT ON CRISP COUNTY SURVEY By E. A. Pound, J. O. Martin, and Miss Lurline Parker.
Dec. 1923. Crisp County educationally has one unusual distinction--it is out of debt. Cordele has a good system of schools, and three buildings more or less satisfactory, although lighting conditions could be improved in one of them. It is equipped and manned by a corps of efficient teachers. It is suggested that Domestic Science, Agriculture, or some commercial work might well be introdlced into the system with gratifying results. Circulating Library. Crisp County is more than fortunate m having a Carnegie Library, which circulates books in all the schools of the county. If the teachers of the county would develop the taste for reading good literature upon the part of their pupils, if they would see that the pupils read at least one good book a month, it would prove a wonderful inspiration to all, provided, of course, that the books are properly selected in accordance with the age, the grade, and the tastes
of the child.

14

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

CRISP COUNTY

Consolidation. The schools of Crisp County as a rule are well distributed, although the consolidation of several schools would be a great step forward.
We make the following recommendations: I. Better preparation of teachers. II. More attention to the teaching of reading. III. The elimination of a few school buildings and the building of better ones. More
attention to the proper lighting of all buildings. IV. The discontinuance of eight grade schools or nine grade schools, where the atten-
dance in these grades does not exceed four or five pupils. The sending of these high school pupils to larger and better equipped high schools.
V. Relating education more closely to life in all of the schools, by adapting courses of study more closely to the needs of the individual child and to the community.
VI. An increasing interest in and use of the circulating library. VII. A constant effort to bring about the equalization of educational opportunity between the country and the city child. VIII. A condinued and continuing desire among the people to stand by what is good and make it better if they can. IX. The payment of teachers in accordance with their real worth. X. Insistence upon better attendance in many of the white rural schools and practically all the negro schools.
,'.
LEE COUNTY
UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
1,927 1,687

Colored
8,977 9,992

Total

6-18 Years

Attending

10,904 11,679

3,305 3,491

1,776 2,090

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

Over 10 Years
2,907 3,627

16-20 Years
346 297

Per Cent
35.9 42.5

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
600 651

Colored

Total

White

2,881 2,785

3,481

7

3,436

2

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
171 311

Total
178 313

Personal $42,389
SCHOOL
LeesburgSmithville Red Bone Norton
Total--

Land $1,815,053

Corporation $590,221

Polls $1,123

a

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9 $ 6,120 12 11 8 8 0 5 3 6 0 25 195 A A+ A+ A

9

6,030 12 11 88044 70

201 A B A+ A

9

1,980 4 10 32112 35

78 O D A B

9

675 141101010

8

BOO

9 $ 14,805 29 .... 20 19 1 11 9 17 5 25 482 A B A A-

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

15

LEE COUNTY

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total Number

65 62 47 45 57 43 44 45 35 29 20 49'2

Accelerated

34235543332 37

Number Normal... 50 48 34 22 40 23 21 24 22 21 18 323

Number

Retarded

12 10 11 20 12 15 19 18 10 5 0 132

%Accelerated

56469 11 968 10 10

7

%Normal

77 77 72 48 70 53 48 53 63 72 90 65

%Retarded

18 17 24 46 21 36 43 41 29 18 0 28

Median Age

_*

Med. Retardation

REPORT ON LEE COUNTY SURVEY By J. O. Martin and Miss Lurline Parker.
Dec. 1923. Lee County has completed the most perfect system of consolidation of which schools, of which we have any record. This affords almost equal opportunity to every white child; a nine months' term taught continuously in a graded school, where teachers are trained for their specific grades and where the buildings and surroundings are positive in practically every influence that can be brought to bear upon the life and development of the child.
Achievement tests in fourth and seventh grades show for fourth grade acceleration in both Reading and Arithmetic, while there is a retardation in Seventh Grade, of two years in Reading and one year m Arithmetic. The causes of these results may be attributable to the difference in opportunities for thorough work in the lower grades.
Since 1919 all the schools, numbering eighteen, have been consolidated into three schools The children m the present seventh grades were at that time distributed among the small schools where educational opportunities were meager as contrasted with the opportunities that have been afforded the children of the present fourth grades in the new consolidated schools.
This unusual accomplishment is a result of the efforts of Supt. S. J. Powell and the County Board of Education. Mr. Powell has labored earnestly and unceasingly giving his entire time to the thought and effort of making the system the ideal one which it now is. In this, he has had the undivided support of an able and fearless Board. The whole achievement is well worthy of careful study and prompt emulation by other counties, for it has no parallel; and it approaches the realization of the ideal "Equal educational opportunity for all the children".

SCHLEY COUNTY

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

2,144

1910

1,922

3,099 3,291

5,243 5,213

1,702 1,722

1,380 1,209

407 748

43 99

10.9 20.4

STJ*.TE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

633

1923

723

Personal $604,528

Colored

Total

White

1,150 1,251

1,783 1,974 TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $895,640

Corporation $211,071

Colored
3 20

Total 6 24
Polls $910

16

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

SCHLEY COUNTY

SCHOOL
'Ellaville Glenn Holley Ebenezer. Fellowship County Line Midway Concord
TotaL.

CO

9 $ 7,320

7 1,715

8 1,200

8 1,280

7

875

7

920

7

875

$ 13,897

+
P C3

>tS>CMD

15 CO

Co
6

OdSo'S

_.__11 8 8 .... 5 3 4

....10 3 2 1 3

1

.... 8 3 3 .... 2 13

....10 2 2.... 2

.... 9 2 2.... 2. 1

.... 9 2 2 .... 1 1 2

.... 10 2 2 .... 1 1 2

!82 C 80 E 62 61 47 E 40 57 E

22 21 1 16 6 13

629 E

a

CD

a cd

H
0

5 "! ^n

p.

CD ^0 IT

<M W

BAA BEB CDC DO C DE E EDC CCC

DDD

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total

97 80 63 63 74 68 51 42 49 24 17 628

Number Accelerated

12 3 6 7 4 4-2

2 4 5 49

Number Normal

72 55 43 30 38 35 31 19 32 10 9 374

Number Retarded

13 22 14 26 32 29 18 23 15 10 3 205

^Accelerated

..13 4 9 11 5 6 4

4 16 29 8

^Normal

- 74 69 69 48 51 51 61 45 65 42 53 59

#Iietarded

13 27 22 41 44 43 35 55 31 42 18 33

MedianAge

6.9 7.9 8.9 10.6 11.8 12.7 13.6 15.3 15.5 16.6 17.2.

ERetard'ation.".:::::::

0.6 O.S 0.7 0.6 1.3 0.5 0.6 0.2

REPORT ON SCHLEY COUNTY SURVEY (By G. D. Godard). Jan. 1924.
The schools of Schley County are nineteen in number, seven white, and twelve colored. The

white schools are five two-teacher, one three-teacher, and one nine-teacher. Eleven colored schools

are of the one-teacher type, and one has two teachers. The white schools are well housed and have single patent desks, with some maps. With the
exception of Ellaville, which is excellently well equipped, there is little equipment other than black-

board, desks, and a few maps.

,_,.,.

... .,, ,,,,,,

The colored schools are poorly housed, generally in sorry church houses and lodge halls, and

have literally no equipment. The white teachers are well qualified, in general, for their duties, while the colored teachers

have varied qualifications. The white schools are geographically well distributed. Further consolidation in at least two

instances would be of great advantage to the pupils.

,.._,,.,,.

Ellaville High School is the county high school and with its equipment could easily teach every

pupil above the seventh grade in the whole county. The County Board of Education levies three mills for school purpose, thus compelling the

districts to levy supplementary funds for the support of the schools. The county Board delegates the selection of teachers and the management of their schools

to the district trustees. The system, therefore, is not closely organized.

SUMTER COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

White

Colored

Total

1920

9,778

19,862

29,640

1910

7,847

21,243

29,090

Total Children

6-18 Years
8,811 8,594

Attending
6,718 5,561

Over 10 Years
5,138 5,282

Illiterates

16-20 Years
539 555

Per Cent
23 24.8

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

17

SUMTER COUNTY.

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

2,422

1923

2,632

Colored

Total

White

5,734 6,221

8,156

1

8,853

5

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
221 199

Total
222 204

Personal $2,454,628

Land $6,885,150

Corporation $1,037,948

Polls $3,146

SCHOOL

t*Americus High

9

* " Furlow

9

Leslie

9

* " East Americus-- 9

* " Prospect Heights. 9

Plains

9

Pleasant Grove

9

New Era

9

Thompson

9

Thalean

9

Andersonville

9

Concord

9

Huntington

9

Shiloh

9

03
m
16,680 16,890 8,145 2,710
810 9,190 3,285 2,925 3,150 3,195 2,970 2,250 2,250 1,970

Total

.. 9 $ 76,420

rl D

+
fc> oj

10 10

18

21 17

12 11 9 '9

35

23

12 11

9

10

10

9

11

10

11

10

10 16 2 36 3
1 9 22 13 22 4 22 22 21 3

a



>> CO

03

03 M

S *

03-3

6K

30

!5

n

1

269 A+ B A

4

555..A A+ B A

3

320 A+ A+ A

94 A+ B C

16 A+ B C

... 219_ D A+ A

... 116. ... 97 .

Ec

O B

B B

5 112. B A B

0 125. C A C

0 87. C A+ B

3 132. __. 55. 1 118.

B B C

Cc Cc cc

88 83 75 8 60 20 25 5 8 2315._. . B-- B B--

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total

287 246 235 271 206 220 188

Number

Accelerated

12 8 18 19 19 10 17

Number Normal... 239 206 153 185 166 144 112

Number

Retarded

36 32 64 67 77 66 69

%Accelerated

4387849

%Normal

86 83 65 68 80 60 50

%Retarded

10 14 73 25 12 36 41

Median Age

Med. Retardation

166 178 138
8 16 4 122 100 99
36 62 35 593 73 56 71 22 35 26

99 2234
6 137 77 1603
16 560 66 77 71 17 23

REPORT ON SUMTER COUNTY
(By E. A. Pound, J. O. Martin, Miss Lurline Parker.) Dec. 1923.
The school authorities of the county are to be congratulated for the great work they have done in the matter of consolidation. In this respect, Sumter County is one of the banner counties of the state.
There are today in Sumter county, 38 colored schools, and only 10 white schools. In these ten schools are to be found more than fourteen hundred children, receiving an education under conditions that more nearly approximate the opportunity of the city child than in anv other county

18

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

SUMTER COUNTY

thus far surveyed. Nine of the ten schools represent consolidations, and in all of them improve-
ment has been most marked. Sumter county today has in course of construction five first class Rosenwald buildings upon
which the colored population should look with pride. The teachers of the county are faithful and as a rule, efficient. The schools of Americus are under the superintendency of a gentleman who has given his
life to the work of education. Most of it having been spent as superintendent of the Americus schools, to which he gives his entire time. He has developed a splendid system of schools, however, in order to more efficiently and effectively relate the education given to the life of the pupils, there should be erected at Americus a county High School, a school to be erected by city and county j oint-
ly in order to take care of adolescents of both city and county. About 70% of the teachers of Americus have remained there from year to year, and practically
all are teachers with professional training and experience. In achievement tests given in three grades, the fourth and ninth showed acceleration. Sumter county is to be commended for what it is doing in the cause of education.

BEN HILL COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

Iffl

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10

Years

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

9,039

5,560

14,599

2,226

1,552

1,053

90

6.3

1910

6,962

4,901

11,863

3,099

2,079

1,344

122

15.3

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yis.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

2,502

1,857

4,359

3

1923

3,107

1,832

4,939

7

14 43

17 50

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal $1,060,390

Land $2,982,997

Corporation $369,281

Polls $2,451

* ']

SCHOOL

c3

+

CO

& cS

'fFitzgerald Hi. School. 9 $13,120 10 4 10 10 ...

5

* " 1st Ward

9 6,210 8 6 8 8...

2

* " 2nd Ward

9 6,255

7 88

1

* " 3rd Ward

9 5,480

7 7 7 .... 7 .

4

Lenwood :....

7 2,380

10 5 5 .... 4 1 3

Ashton

7 2,015

9 5 5 .... 3 2 3

Cotton Mill Roanoke Dorminy Evergreen

7 1,960

8 1,640

7 1,505

5

575

431 31

321 21

3 3 .... 1 2

2 ... 2

2

Emory. Lakeview Vaughn Taylor

5

700

5

625

5

600

211 211 211

2. ~2~
11

Englewood Crisp

5

200

5

300

1 ... 1

1

1 ... 1

1

Oakridge

5

375

rt
OS M ffl cs-s
6 216..B B A A 335.. B D C B 345 E A B 306..B A A A 217 E A O 206 E C B 162 E O C 100.... C E C 86 E C O 57 D B C 65. E C O 57 D D D 47 D D C 24.... E D D 20 D D D 37 E C C

Total -Independent.

6+$ 43,940 68

64 55 9 46 18 32 ... 6 2280 ] f-High School only.

CC

Grade

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

19

BEN HILL COUNTY.

Age-Grade Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total

... 507 257 310 314 239 212 158 145 79 37 39 2,297

Number Accelerated ... 19 4 17 23 3 7 3 15 3

2 96

Number Normal

... 329 144 148 131 96 94 67 72 45 22 32 1,180

NumberR etarded

... 159 109 145 160 140 111 88 58 31 15 5 1,021

%Accelerated

... 3 1 5 7 1 3 2 10 4 0 5

4

%Normal

... 65 56 48 42 40 44 42 50 57 59 82 51

%Retarded

... 32 43 47 f 51 59 53 56 40 39 41 13 45

Median Age,

Med. Retardation

REPORT ON BEN HILL COUNTY SURVEY (By G. D. Godard and I. S. Smith.) Nov. 1923.
Recommendations: 1. Further condolidation of schools is advisable. 2. The Negro school houses are deplorable and should be improved in some way. Only one or two houses are at all creditable. 3. The lack of funds, as elsewhere, is impeding the progress of the school work.
The work of the county superintendent is earnest and sincere. The efforts to improve the school facilities for white children have yielded desirable results.
The white city schools are in good shape. The capacity must be increased soon. The plan adopted for furnishing free textbooks to the pupils is working well.
There should be erected a suitable school building for negroes. This is the one greatest need.

RABUN COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

1920

5,448

1910

5,400

Colored
289 156

Total
5,737 5,556

6-18 Years
1,680 1,682

Attending
1,470 1,171

Over 10 Years
460 564

16-20 Years
30 55

Per Cent
26.0 35.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,763

1923

1,949

Colored

Total

White

51

1,814

51

42

1,991

24

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored

Total
51 24

Personal $374,162

Land $1,151,347

Corporation $1,018,548

Polls $1,423

20

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RABUN COUNTY.

SCHOOL
03 CO

i <D ft X
iS o3

03

03 60

03 03-3
do
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CO

CD

O)
fl
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rt <3
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30
pq

g3 . w

Clayton

9!

Dillard

9

Tiger

6

Lakemont

6

Chechero

6

B oiling Springs

6

Wolf Fork

6

BaldMt

6

Glades

5

Betty's Creek

6

Grove

6

Hamby

6

Camp Creek

6

Antioch

6

Liberty

6

Mt. Grove

6

Mt. Pleasant

5

Persimmon

6

Plum Orchard

6

Powell Gap

6

Timson

6

.Wiley

6

Wolf Creek

6

Pleasant Ridge

6

Bleckley Memorial

9

Rabun Gap Industrial 9

6,345 9 11 5,005 11 9 1,170 3 7
810 1 7 930 2 7
900 2 7 720 2 7 330 1 4 330 1 7 450 1 7
480 1 6 330 1 7 240 1 7
450 1 10 480 1 7
330 1 8 240 1 7
450 1 7 240 1 5
240 1 7 240 1 7 450 1 6 450 1 6 330 1 7
11
10

8

6; 3

7 .... 6

2

3

1

2 .... 2 ..

2 .... 2 ..

2

1

2 .... 2 ..

1 ..

1 ..

1 ..

1 ..

1 ....

1 ._

1

1 ..

1

1 ..

11

1 ..

11

1 ..

1 ....

11

1

11

1

1

1

11

1

11

... 1

1 ... 1 1

32112

4

4

293 D

EB

154 D

AD

96.

DD

89 E D

84 E D D

54 E D O

43 E D D

9 EDC

33 E E E

47 E D D

38 E D E

29 E D E

15 DDE

52 E D E

49 E D E

35 E E E

13 E E E

36 E D E

14 E E E

19 E E E

19 E E E

51.... E D D

29 E D E

29 E E E

27

E

100 ... C C

U

Total

6 $ 21,940 47

50 41 9 39 11 32

1457. E D C

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

Total

404 185 177 200 166 134 111 27 24 17 3 1448

Number Accelerated

33 3 3 4 2 5 7

57

Number Normal

215 72 62 47 46 125 32 15 11 10 1 536

Kb" Retarded

156 110 112 149 118 104 72 12 13 7 2 855

^Accelerated

8 2 2 2 14 6

4

%Normtl

53 39 35 24 28 17 29 56 46 60 33 37

%Retarded

39 59 63 74 71 79 65 44 54 30 66 59

Median Aee

7.5 9.5 10.5 11.9 13.1 14.1 14.8 14.8 16.2 16.8 18.2

Med Retardation::".:'."- 0.5 1.5 1.5 1.9 2.1 2.1 1.8 0.8 1.2 0.8 1.2

REPORT ON SURVEY OF RABUN COUNTY (By all the supervisors.) Oct. 1923.
We submit herewith itemized reports of inspections of each individual school in Rabun County, Georgia, and several summaries of the entire public school system of the county.
Particular attention is directed to several matters of outstanding significance in Rabun
Un (1) The serious lack of attendance, and therefore the importance of a better enforcement of the compulsory attendance laws. This lack of attendance is seen from the fact that while the last school census shows 1949 children of school age, the current year's enrollment shows only 1380.
(2) Teachers. The reports show forty-three teachers in the county. Of these, twenty-five are teaching in their present schools for the first time, and ten others for their second year, indicating a frequent change of teachers. Twenty-six of the teachers have never had scholarship beyond the high school, and four have never been above the seventh grade in school. Seventy-two per cent of the county's children are being taught by untrained teachers, and commonly the least trained and lowest paid teachers are charged with the responsibility of training beginners.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

21

(3) Age-Grade and Achievement Retardations. Particular attention is called to retardation tables for each school and summaries of these for the county. It will be seen from these tables that 57 pupils in the county are accelerated or under-age for their grades. Some of these were evidently graded beyond their abilities or advanced abnormally. Only 222 pupils were of normal age for their grades, while 1098 were over-age for their grades by from one to ten years. The school time lost to the children of the county by reason of this retardation amounts in the aggregate to 3018 years, which is a tragic loss to the county.
Achievement retardations are even more serious in the rural schools of the county than age-grade retardations. Achievement tests were given in reading and arithmetic to pupils of fourth and seventh grades. The results of these tests show that the abilities of 75% of the pupils in the county's schools (excepting Clayton and Dillard) are only equivalent to that normally expected of third-grade children; and that 75% of the pupils in the seventh grades shows only fourth grade abilities. Or in other words, that most of the children of the fourth grades are only third grade, and that most of seventh grade pupils are in reality only fourth grade pupils.
(4) Sanitation. From our reports upon individual schools it will be seen that the very important matters of sanitation have been sadly neglected generally. Drinking water is supplied from safe wells or springs generally, but there are a few notable exceptions. Nowhere are individual drinking cups insisted upon, except at Clayton, where a fountain is used. At nineteen of the schools no toilets are provided; at one there is only one surface toilet; at three there are two surface toilets; none of these are kept in sanitary condition. At Clayton flush toilet system is provided.
(5) Particular attention is called to the very short distances between certain schools of the county, and the very poor work being accomplished in these little schools. These combined conditions call loudly foi consolidations. No "natural obstacles" stand in the way and only the prejudices and preferences of the people stand between these little inadequate schools of better educational opportunities for the children.
(6) The work done in the high schools, and the Rabun Gap Industrial School, and the Bleckley Memorial School, are not included in this report, but are included in a separate report.

THOMAS COUNTY

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

| Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10 Years

16-20 Years

Per Cen

1920

15,780

17,263

33,043

9,951

8,037

4,101

385

16.7

1910

11,984

17,086

29,070

8,645

4,709

4,820

505

22.8

<>

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

4,176

1923

4,524

Colored

Total

White

5,292 4,713

9,468

32

9,237

13

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
187 86

Total
219 99

Personal $3,259,974

Land $8,678,612

Corporation $1,301,637

Polls $3,811

SMWW .--umimwjinini

22

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

THOMAS COUNTY.

a

SCHOOL
03

H i in |3 nj

os
033
SO

<A

*

30 m

f*Thomasville High. * " East Side.-Pavo.

9 $ 18,870 12 9 19,205 17 9 11,605 12

16 16 13 19 19 18 12 12 .... 10

.. 58 432 A D B B 404 .... D A A
10 370 .... O A A

Boston

9 9,205 10 11 10 10 ...

12 241 A--B B B

Ochlocknee

Meigs

Cooledge

Patten

Metcalf

Merrill ville

Pine Grove

Center Hill

Ozelle Summer Hill

Pebble Hill

McGraw

Enon

Little Flock

Stanaland

Eredonia

7-

Mclntyre

Law Wannaleigh...

Barnett's Creek

Cedar Hill

Unity

Pine Hill

Antioch

McLane

Central

Beulah

Oak Hill

Sherrod

Dillon

Vashti

IJPlunkett

||Eorbes

Ball Business School-..

+Mitchell

6,750 6,315 5,725 1,820 3,610 1,015 1,055 1,440 1,880 1,200 1,380
945 875 860 980 1,120 1,015 910 595 560 455 765 385 455 595
"~455~ 455 490 420
10,435

9 11

10 11

7 11

484

4 10 4 3 10 3

2

3

3

3

3 10 3

2 10 2

282

282

272

272

272

282

282

292

171

271

71

51

71

61

71

51

71

71

71

1

6 2-9 13

6 11 5

_

1

5 .... 1

1 .... 1

2

3

5

4

1

22

21

3

12

1

21

3

2

2

2 ....

2

1

11

1

2

1

2 -.-.

2

... 2

1

11

1

1

1 ..-.

1

1

1 ....

... 1

1 ....

1 ....

1 ....

1 ....

1 ....

1 __ . 1

13 _ .-. 1 2

5_

?,

1.

1.

4

247. O A C

4 0 6 198- C D B

8

225- C B B

41

142 _ E C C

2 4 2 92. C D D

22

67 _ ... E D D

3

65. ... B D E

35

83. ... D D C

21

75 _ ..- E C C

2 2

34. .. C D D
44. c D C

22

52. D C D

22

42. EDO

2

34. E D E

4

78. C D C

26

69. _ D D O

1

75. ... E D E

2

50. ... D D D

1

21. ... E O D

18

29. ... D B C

1 'iz'.l'.'.

27. ... D 41. ... C

C O

E C

1

17. ... D D E

21. . E C E

37 ... D D E

1

28 ...A D O

7

19 ... D D C

25 ... D E D

35 ..- E D E

1

28 . E D D

4

3 119

__ A B

47 ... B B B

37

B

25

A

3

TotaL

7+$113,845 145 ....153 140 12 116 37 75 58 91 3678 ...-D+C-- C--

Aust>ices "M"E. Church, ^Private School, Private Kindergarten and First Grade,

Private Business School, JPrivate School, 7 mi. from Thomasville.

Grade

Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Tnta1

531 439 383 403 427 386 268 245 170 146

Nuinber Accelerated

42 18 22 20 37 38 16 9 7 11

Kb" Normal

I" 384 280 195 197 202 167 110 109 105 90

NuSberRetTrded.'

104 141 165 186 188 181 142 129 58 45

ot Accelerated

-84659 10 6448

iNomli,,.!,,::::::::::::::. TM 63 u 48 47 43 47 6

%Retarded

20 32 43 47 44 47 53 51 35 31

Median Age Med. Retardation

95 3493
11 231 64 1903 20 1359 10 b 67 54 23 40

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

23

THOMAS COUNTY

REPORT ON THOMAS COUNTY SURVEY
By E. A. Pound, J. O. Martin, and Miss Lurline Parker. Nov. 1923.
This county has made educational progress during the past few years, the spirit of the people being evidenced in the fact that bond issues have been voted during the past few months, as follows : Thomasville, $140,000 for a new and up-to-date High school; Pavo has voted $50,000 in bonds for a new building, and soon Boston is to have an election on a $40,000 bond issue for better schools.
Improvements may be made in the following particulars: (1) The county needs two or three consolidations in order to give the children a better educational opportunity. Many of the small buildings now used as schools should be eventually discontinued and these schools placed in larger consolidated schools. (2) The average of preparation of the teachers should be raised. Thomas county has some very fine teachers, but too often there was found a teacher who was not adequately prepared for
her work. (3) The sanitary conditions of the schools, both white and colored should be improved. (4) The county has thirteen high schools and these, as a rule, are doing good work. Ordi-
narily the one-year high school is a costly proposition--and where possible, these eighth grade
pupils should be removed to a larger high school. (5) Better buildings, more equipment, improved teachers, longer terms, the development
of at least an approximation of an equality of educational opportunity--these are the needs of
Thomas County.

m
>

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education
N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1933, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.

Vol.1

Atlanta, February 1, 1924

No. 7

GEORGIA CERTIFICATION OF TEACHERS ESTABLISHED BY THE
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION.

Certificates to teach hereafter will be issued by the State Superintendent of Schools under authority of the State Board of Education. There will be only one exception to this rule. The County School Superintendent may issue Special Temporary Certificates, good until the next State Examination. These certificates can be of no higher rating than that of the third grade.
Teachers' certificates are of two kinds.
1. By examination.
2. By certification of proficiency from approved schools and colleges.
Examination questions will be sent out from the office of the State Superintendent of Schools at stated periods.
All certificates, whether by examination or certification from approved schools and colleges will be of three classes:
1. Provisional.
2. Professional.
3. Life Professional. A Provisional Certificate Is one issued either on examination or certification from an approved school or college that applicant has had less than three years of successful experience of at least eight months a year and has not in that time studied at approved summer, or other approved schools.
A Professional Certificate is issued upon the applicant's presenting a Provisional Certificate with evidence of having taught three years of at least eight months eacb year and attended summer school, or by other good evidence showing study and progress in educational subjects. A Professional Certificate may, at the end of seven years (or at least ten years in all) be converted into a Professional Life Certificate by presenting evidence of having taught successfully and made progress in education. This may be shown by certificates from approved school and colleges or by examination and other satisfactory evidence.
CERTIFICATE BY EXAMINATION.
General Elementary
General High School Special High School
The general rule is that a teacher holding any first grade certificate should have the education of a High School graduate. This, however, will not be required for second and third grade certificates, as will be explained later.
A teacher to hold a Genera! High School Certificate should have an education corresponding to a graduate of a standard Junior college.
A Special Subject High School Certificate has all the requirements of a General High School Certificate and in addition an extra examination in a Special Subject or group of subjects, or evidence of special proficiency in this subject or group of subjects.

pm
GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
GENERAL ELEMENTARY CERTIFICATE.
Applicants for the general elementary certificate are required to take an examination of the following subjects:
1. Reading and Literature. 2. Writing. 3. Spelling. 4. Arithmetic. 5. English Composition, Grammar, and Literature. 6. Elementary Science (including Physiology, Health and Agriculture.) 7. United States History and Civics. 8. Geography. 10. The following subjects classed as High School:
English, History, Mathematics, General Science. The questions based on these subjects will be of a general nature to show that the applicant has the educational equipment of a High School graduate. The applicant may present certificate of work in other High School subjects in lieu of any of these and will be considered by the Board of Examiners. For example, the applicant cannot answer the questions in Mathematics. He may offer certificates of High School or other good evidence that he has satisfactorily passed an ordinary High School Latin course or one in Home Economics, etc. The applicants will only have to satisfy the Board of Examiners that they have had the equivalent of a High School education.
II HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES. The basal examination for high school certificate will be general in its character, including questions in English, History, Mathematics, General Science, Physiology, Physical Geography, Methods. As in the case of the General Elementary Examination the applicant may present to the Board of Examiners evidence of having completed other subjects not contained in the examination which may be substituted for such as the applicant may have studied. The object and purpose of the test is to show that the applicant has an education equivalent to a graduate of a Junior College. In addition, to receive a Special High School Certificate the applicant will take one or more of the following groups: 1. Mathematics: Arithmetic, Algebra, Plane and Solid Geometry, Trigonometry. 2. English: Grammar, Composition and Rhetoric, and English and American Literature. 3. Science: Agriculture, Biology (Elementary Physiology, Botany, Zoology) Physics, Chemistry. (Take any two.) 4. Languages: Latin, Greek, French, Spanish, German. (Take any one.) 5. History: Ancient, Modern, United States, and Civics. Each special high school certificate will show that the holder is qualified to teach the subjects mentioned therein in a Senior High School, i. e., tenth, eleventh and twelfth grades.
Ill CERTIFICATE BY CERTIFICATION OF APPROVED SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES.
General Elementary. Issued to high school graduates who, in addition to their regular high school work, have taken the prescribed Teacher-Training Course.
The Plan. 1. High schools desiring to qualify for such classes must make application on official blanks
for recognition. 2. The high school must be a four-year standard school. Teachers of this course must be
approved. 3. It must have a library (including at least thirty reference books on teaching); a labora-
tory; courses in home economics; and physical training must be given. 4. Provision must be made for practice teaching and observation. 5. There will be a uniform course for these classes, given during the fourth year of the High
School to occupy no less than one-fifth of the time, with extra work on nine Saturdays. Pupils should be at least seventeen years of age. One unit's credit will be allowed this course towards graduation. 6. The work of these classes will be supervised by the State Department; the professional work should be taught by one of the High School teachers, but in practice teaching, the instructor should be assisted by the principal of the elementary school.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

3

7. The final papers in the Teacher-Training Courses should be corrected by the Teacher and sent to the State Department, with the final record of the pupil in all studies of the High School completed for graduation.
8. On the pupil's completing the high school and the teacher-training course, the State Department will issue a provisional certificate to teach in the elementary schools of the state, good for three years. This certificate may be converted into a professional general elementary, as other provisional certificates.

NORMAL CERTIFICATE.

(a) A graduate of an approved Normal School, the prescribed curriculum of which extends at least two years beyond the high school and the course completed by the graduate to include
1. Psychology and methods the equivalent of three hours a week throughout a scholastic year;
2. School Management, health, and school hygiene, the equivalent of three hours a week throughout the year;
3. History of Education, the equivalent of three hours a week for one-half the year; 4. And observation and teaching, the equivalent of three hours a week for one-half year, will be issued a provisional normM certificate.
The Provisional Normal Certificate will also be issued upon certificates from approved Junior Colleges and regular colleges certifying that the applicant has done two years' college work above that of a four-year high school and the required work in education.
(a) A graduate having received a Bachelor's degree from an approved college of this state, or other state, and whose courses taken for said degree include 18 semester hours in courses preparatory to teaching, supervision, administration, at least two of these hours to be supervised observation and teaching on the basis of two hours of observation for one hour of credit, shall be eligible for a College Certificate, the same to be granted after the plan agreed upon by the State Board of Education. If a Special Subject certificate is desired, the applicant must have majored in that subject or subjects. This certificate shall be valid as a first grade certificate for three years in any public school or any system coming under the direction of this Board, and at the expiration of three years, renewable for a period of seven years, and thereafter for an indefinite period of active participation in educational work, subject to regulations of this Board for the actual experience and professional growth of the holder.
(b) A graduate of a college as before described except that his courses taken did not include eighteen semester hours in education preparatory to teaching, supervision, and administration, may be granted the highest provisional High School certificate issued, on which will be designated the subjects majored upon the College certifying to the competency of the applicant to teach the particular subject.
This provisional certificate may be converted into a professional college by presenting evidence of successful teaching for three years and, in addition, thereto, certificate of one approved school or college, that the applicant has successfully completed the work in education, supervision, and administration, as required under college certificates "a".
IV
SPECIAL CERTIFICATES.
These certificates may be granted for three year periods to those candidates who desire to teach a special subject only, technical in character, and who have made special preparation for the work. The certificate will entitle the holder to teach or to supervise the special subject. The applicant should have scholarship the equivalent of that for graduation from an approved high school, and should have had training in the specialty and in science and art of teaching. The following subjects are classed as special: Domestic Science, Art, Vocal or Instrumental Music, Manual Training, Physical Education, Drawing, Kindergarten, Commercial Branches. This certificate will be awarded in rare cases and where the applicant can present an excellent record of accomplishment in the special subject. Any of the above subjects may be endorsed on high school, normal, and college certificates. This will give the certificate a much higher rating.

,:! f,

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

BASED ON JUNIOR-SENIOR PLAN.

A teacher holding a first grade general elementary certificate is authorized to teach in the first

six grades Snd"y special permission in the Junior High School. A teacher holding a second or third grade

general elementary can teach only in the elementary schools.

,rnnh the Junior

A teacher holding a General High School certificate is authorized to teach through the Junior

Hieh School and by special permission in the Senior High School. A teacher ho^ng a Special High School Certificate is authorized to teach in the Senior High School

and

the subject A teacher

named in the certificate. holding a normal or college

certificate

is

,,..,., authorized to

*,,,,,,>, teach

in T,minr *^

m
or

* Senio^r TM Hieh

School, but to get the highest rating the certificate should show the subject in which the applicant has

majored and received special professional and academic training.

VI FEES.
A fee of one dollar must accompany all applications for State certification, charged for converting a provisional certificate into a professional, etc.

The same fee will be

NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS.

(1) Second and third grade General Elementary will be given to those who do not make less than 60<F and more thaS on b?th the General Elementary and High School examination. Again should an aPplicant not STow^SlSgh school subjects given in the General Elementary he may take only the elemPintarv sublects but could not be granted a certificate higher than second grade, mentary ** ^ ^J^ be defined as a scnool offering tw0 yean, of coege| ^^
the high school taught by instructors of college grade. A normal school, to * *Pvd'" \ standcertificate must not only do the required work in Education but must do the academic work of a Stand

ard ^^Sstions on Latin only in the Language Group will be sent out. Those aPPlying^or

Greek L^ch^Spanish, and German should present certificates from approved schools and coUeg

stating that the applicant has majored in any one and is competent to teach it, or by other evidence

satisfactory to the Board of (4) No certificate will

Examiners. be issued to

any

applicant

who

is

not

e.igh.t,, een,yeOoar^s

^IH
old.

(5) Course of study.

THE COURSE OF STUDY FOR TEACHER-TRAINING CLASS.

Fourth Year.

First Quarter--September, October, November: Theory. A study of the "Science and Art of Teaching", LaRue,-The American Book Company There should be frequent observations and tests in the school grades to iUustrate the text, and
the principles should be applied constantly during the second and third quarters work.

Second Quarter: December, January, February: Practice. Study of the State Manual, with observations and practice teaching of the various subjects with
groups and whole grades; also Lincoln's "Every day Pedagogy".

Third Quarter: March, April, May: Review Course.

,,*.,,.., ATM^TMTM TTI*.

A review with intensive study of advanced Arithmetic, Grammar, Geography and American His-

" tory and Civics. There should be review of the year's Teacher-Training Course in the last month Stu-dentsTll De given administrative duties in supervising children; practice in making out reports, sched-

lules, programs, lesson outlines, in presiding over meetings and assisting grade teachers.

|

to the second and third quarter, there should be observation and practice work, impossible, m

rural schools with the approval of the County Superintendent and teacher. t rural ^^^f^^ plan for tne Provlslonal Certificate: (A) High School graduation plus (or

inrhidinel one unit in education. This course will be renewed year by year. MC USsame cSht Lid certification will be given for any class in approved college or Jcx^^J of approved summer courses in Education, or for similar work in normal school, provided the applicant

has had preliminary preparation equivalent to the four-year High school course.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

BOOKS ADOPTED FOR THE PRIMARY AND GRAMMAR GRADES, GEORGIA SCHOOLS 1924-1929

Retail

Retail Wholesale Wholesale

Price Exchange Price Exchange

READERS: Primary Basal-

Child's World Primer, Johnson Publishing Co.

First Reader, Johnson Publishing Co. Second

"

" Third

"

"

"



Kendall Fourth Reader D. C. Heath & Co.

Kendall Fifth

"

"





Elson Sixth

" Scott, Foresman & Co."

" Seventh "

"

"

"

Supplementary Readers.

.42

.32

.38

.288

.46

.34

.42

.306

.52

.42

.47

.378

.58

.42

.53

.378

.75

.68

.66

.62

.75

.68

.66

.62

.72

.63

.59

.83

.72

.68

Riverside First Reader, Houghton Mifflin Co.

.45

" Second "

"

"

"

.53

Third

.57

Fourth

.60

Fifth

.60

Sixth

.68

Seventh

.68

.36 .42 .45 .48 .48 .54 .54

Recognizing the very great importance to our schools of Extending their reading courses, we, in addi-

tion to the supplementary herein mentioned:

series

now

in

use,

namely,

the

Riverside,

recommend

two

further

series

in

the

order

FIRST:

Buswell & Wheeler Silent Reader, Wheeler Pub. Co. First Grade

A First Reader A Second Reader A Third Reader Wheeler's Literary Readers, A Fourth Reader
A Fifth Reader. A Sixth Reader A Seventh Reader..
SECOND:

.55

.51

.50

.46

.60

.55

.54

.50

.65

.60

.60

.55

.70

.49

.63

.44

~"llllll""~."~.~.~.

.70

~~~

.80

"

.80

.49 .56 .56

.63 .72 .72

.44 .51 .51

Free & Treadwell, Primer, Row, Peterson & Co.

"

" First Reader

"

" Second Reader

"

" Third Reader

Childs World Fourth Reader. Johnson Publishing Co.

" Fifth Reader,

"

"



Literary World Sixth Reader

"

"

" SeventhReader "

"

""





ARITHMETIC:

.40

.38

.36

.34

.44

.41

.39

.36

.48

.44

.42

.39

.53

.50

.48

.45

.73

.53

.66

.477

.81

.57

.73

.513

.86

.62

.77

.558

.62

.77

.558

Morey's Little Folks Number Book, Ohas. Scribner's Sons

.45

.38

Wentworth-Smith Essentials of Arithmetic, Primary, Ginn &

Co

.53

.42

Wentworth-Smith Essentials of Arithemtic, Intermediate Book,

Ginn & Co

.60

.48

Wentworth-Smith Essentials of Arithmetic, Advanced Book"

Ginn & Co

.64

.51

GRAMMAR:

Maxwell, Johnson and Barnum's Speaking and Writing, Book

One, American Book Company

.46

.43

.36

.34

Modern Course in English, Book 1, D. C. Heath & Co., Revised

.49

.46

.43

.41

Modern Course in English, Book 2, D. C. Heath & Co., Revised

.60

.55

.52

.50

GEOGRAPHY:

Carpenter's Around the World with the Children, American

Book Co

.69

.54

Brigham and McFarlane's Essentials of Geography, First Book

American Book Co. (with Ga. Supplement).. Second Book with Georgia Supplement

1.33

1.23

1.05

.98

1.87

1.73

1.47

1.38

HISTORY:

Evan's First Lessons in American History, Benj. H. Sanborn

Co. (Revised)

.75

.70

.675

.63

Evan's First Lessons in Georgia History, American Book Com-

pany

.80

.74

.63

.59

Mace-Tanner Old Europe and Young America, Rand McNaily

Company

.90

.75

Thompson's History of the People oi the United""states" D" C^

Heath & Co

1.10

.95

.96

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

AGRICULTURE:

Benson & Bett's Agriculture, Southern Edition, Bobbs-Merrill

Oo. (Revised).

.86

.74

PHYSIOLOGY:

Jones, Keep Well Stories, J. P. Llppincott Co

.60

Ritchie-Caldwell Primer of Hygiene and Sanitation, World Book

--

.51

--

Company..

.75

.-

Winslow's Healthy Living, Charles E. Merrill Co., Book 2, (with

.60

--

special supplement by Oscar Dowling, M. D.)

.92

.68

.78

.73

SPELLING:
Mastery of Words, Iroquois Publishing Co. Book 1, First to 5th Grade Book 2, Sixth to 7th Grade.

.38

.35

.30

.28

.32

.29

.26

.24

WRITING:

Zaner-Bloser Writing Books:

Compendium No. 1, for Grades 1-2

3

" 3-4

Manual *144, for Grades 5, 6, 7

.09

. -- .

.90

dozei

.09

.90

.20

1.92

u

RECOMMENDED:

Funk & Wagnalls Comprehensive Dictionary

1 ,00

.80

Practical Drawing Books, Modern Art Course, Modern Art

Courses, Practical Drawing Co.

Books, 1, 2, 3 and 4

.15

.11

Books 5, 6, 7 and 8

.20

.15

Population

COFFEE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

12,750

5,902

18,652

6,117

4,912

1,650

138

12.8%

1910

21,953

21.8

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

*

1918

5,265

2,643

7,908

38

112

150

1923

4,525

2,059

6,584

19

17

36

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal $1,204,480

Land $3,361,285

Corporation $463,767

Polls $1,963

Grade
Total_.__ Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

Age-Grade Retardation

I II III IV V VI VH VIII IX X XI Total

1050 401 373 425 346 274 259 82 54 33 25 47 10 8 12 2 3 5 3 6 1 2
551 132 125 129 103 86 70 38 33 22 20 452 259 240 284 241 185 184 41 15 10 3
45231123 11 3 53 32 33 30 30 31 27 47 61 67 43 63 65 67 69 68 71 50 28 30 12 7.6 9.6 10.6 11.7 12.8 13.9 15.1 .. 0.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1

3,322 99
1,309 1,914
3 39 58

GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF COFFEE COUNTY BY
G. D. Godard and I. S. Smith, Supervisor.

a

SCHOOL

*DouglasHigh

Broxton

*NichollS

Bethany

West Green

New Forest

Pridgen..

Saginaw

Sears.... ,

Ward

----.

Ambrose

Elam

Fales

Harper

McLellan

Mobley..

Rocky Creek

Rocky Pond

Salem

St. Ilia

Stokesville

Vickers

Wilsonvllle

Bagley..

Burkette

BushneU

Byrd

Columbus

Mora

Olive

Pinetta

Reedy Branch

RoseHill

Shepherd

Smith Hill

Sunny Side

Vickers

Wilcox

11th Dist. A. and M

Ga. Nor. and Bus. Inst

Total

0a)
OS
m03

9 9
9 4 6
4 4 4
5 4 4 4 5 4 4 -4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 9 10

$13,824 5,150
4,340 940
1,480
760 540 760
925 620 460 700 575 480 480 460 560 460 460 480 600 500 600 275 220 280 240 260 220 260 220 420 260 280 240 240 300 280

... 4+ $40,149

go

OS

CD
a

P.

elTM

OS'S

1c3

Pd

w

17 11 15 15

11

8

8 11 7 7 8 10 8 7 5841 4841

5 5 2 1

3 6 3 2

3833 3731 3 83 2 3733 2731 2721

3

1

3

1

3

1

1

2 ... 2

2821 262 2 72 1

11 2
2

2 72

2

162 2721 2722

1 2 2

16211 2 7 2 -2 2722 2722 2822

2 1 1 2 2

1 7 1 .. .. 1 1 7 1 .. .. 1 161 151 1 6 1 .. 1 4 1 .. 2 7 1 ..

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 7 1 ..

1 6 2 ..

.... 1

1 7 1 1 ..

2 6 1 1 ..

.... 1

161

1 61

.. 1

181

271

7

9

8

7

26 637 E B B

217-- D B D

10 322 E E B D

126... E D D

153... E D D

104. E D D

121... E C D

113... E D D

84... E D C

98... E E D

74... EDO

64... E D C

59... E D D

45... . E D C

43... . E D D

65... . E E C

55... . E D D

67... E D D

78... . E D D

57...

DD

65...

DD

60...

DC

73...

DC

35...

B- D

23...

DD

40... E D C

26... E O D

29... E D D

28... D E E

29... E D D

30... E D D

19... E D D

36... E D D

33... E D D

25.. E D O

28... E C D

45... E D D

42.. E C D

170... E A A

237..

BA

123 111 59 36 60 51 72 .... 48 3655--. E D D+

REPORT ON THE SURVEY OF COFFEE COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith and G. B. Godard, Dec. 1923. After making an inspection of the schools of Coffee County, we wish to make the following recom-
mendations : 1. They have too many independent systems. These should be submerged by the county system. 2. There should be more consolidations. There are many one and two-teacher schools very close together that could easily be consolidated. When consolidated most of the children would
be in walking distance of the central school. 3. The financial status of Coffee's public schools should be improved. It appears that up to
1922, it was the policy of the County Board and Superintendent to spend much of the maintenance funds for school house construction, when it was not more than enough to pay the teachers and current expenses. Teachers were given script in payment for their services. The County Commissioners should come to the rescue of the Board of Education and aid them
in the payment of these past due debts.

8

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

COFFEE COUNTY

4. Douglas High School has just been changed from a private high school to a public high school. This partly explains why so small enrollment has been made in the city high school.
5. The city of Douglas has set a commendable pace in regard to the needs of their negroes. The Eleventh District Agricultural and Mechanical school was inspected. The entire plant was found in good condition with attractive, well kept buildings and grounds. At the Georgia Normal College and Business Institute, an ample and splendidly equipped plant was found, and the indications were that good work was being done here.

PIKE COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

10,418 9.334

10,794 10,159

21,212 19,493

6,524 6,114

4,317 3,500

2,394 3.386

250 426

15.4 24.1

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

1923

1,864

2,402

4,266

5

1918

2,552

3,279

5.831

9

116 77

Total
121 86

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal $382,993

Land $1,721,636

Corporation $409,432

Polls $1,781

RECORD OF PIKE COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan and W. B. Hill, Supervisors, Nov., 1923.

SCHOOL
ZebulonHigh Zebulon Grammar Concord Molena Williamson MeansviUe NewHope Cook's Hollanville Lifsey Springs Neal Union Pedenville Weaver Vega Dunbar Beauchamp
Total

to
CO
c *--03*
c8 CO

9 $3,330

9 1,980

9 4,005

9 4,050

9 3,105

9 3,735

8 2,120

7

770

8

700

7

910

7

770

7

805

7

420

7

210

7

525

7

455

7

420

7+ $28,310

a
P 03
8 8-11 4 4 7744 8 11 7 7 4 11 5 5 4 10 4 4 5 10 5 5 4944 2722 1 72 1 1 2821 1 2722 2721 1 1 7 1 ... 1 1611 271 1 18 1 1 1711

a

w

& C3 M

P

Co . 03 -3

do

go

12 22 37 11
3 2 1
11
._. 2 12 11
1
.. 1

103.... D C A 1641C B C B 242 C B C O 135 D B E C 133 D D E D 137 D B E D
85 D D D E 61 E E D E 43 E DEE 35 E C D E 50--. E E E 32 E D D D 20 E DDE
10.... .... D D 26 E B D D 35 E DDE 32.... B D E

25 ._ 48 44 4 38 10 25

1343 D D D D

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

9

PIKE COUNTY

Age-Grade Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

Total

218 lil 146 147 144 108 127 95 83 72 51 17332

9 7 10 13 5 5 3 22 23 28 17

142

157 105 90 87 82 62 67 58 48 38 30

824

52 29 46 47 57 41 57 15 12 6 4

366

4 4 7 9 3 5 2 23 28 39 34

11

72 74 62 59 57 57 53 61 58 52 58

62

24 21 31 32 40 38 45 16 14

9

8

73

6.1 8.2 9.3 10.3 11.7 12.7 13.8 14.7 15.8 16.3 17.6

0.2 6.3 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.3 0.6

REPORT ON PIKE COUNTY SURVEY BY
M. L. Duggan, Nov. 1923. The accompanying report on a survey just completed shows the situation practically the same and, in our judgment, the needs are the same as stated in that report. The main exception thereto is in the case of the Central High School at Zebulon, which has made very decided and gratifying progress. Some consolidations have been made with this school and transportation is being furnished to it. The SmithHughes Vocational Agriculture, including a well equipped farm shop has been added and the school strengthened generally.
Meansville, Williamson and Neals have not complied with the Fire Hazard Bill. At Molena a crack in the wall of the school building indicates danger.
A few consolidations have been made and transportation provided but in some of these instances the small school, intended to be closed, has been permitted to run along with very few pupils, irregularly attending.
The greatest need in this county is a wholesome public sentiment that will support a strong administration in properly organizing and closely supervising the public school system of the county.
Very few of the Negro schools were in operation and there was no evidence of progress at any of them. The Negro school at Zebulon had not opened because of division among the patrons as to who the teacher should be, and these, as well as the white school, must submit to strong central administration.

MONROE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10

16-20

Schooi

Years

Per Cent

1920

7,375

12,763

20,138

6,469

4,617

2,700

285

18.5

1910

6,793

13,656

20,449

6,494

3,827

3,975

440

27.8

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

1923

1,176

3,003

4,779

10

1918

2,115

4,264

6,379

1

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
155 167

Total
165 168

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$1,303,543

$2,609,514

$1,290,281

$1,934

10

GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF MONROE COUNTY
BY Duggan and Hill, Supervisors, Nov., 1923.

SCHOOL

aa>

"3
CQ

*ForsythHigh Forsyth Grammar
Culloden Blount Cabaniss Dyas. Ensign Castleberry Bolingbroke
Brent Juliette Smarrs Marshal] LaFayette Rogers Blue Ridge Holly Grove Dames Ferry Rocky Creek
Colliers Pleasant Grove
Manila Taylors Britt Montpelier Maynard Colvin Berner Providence
Star

9

6,540

54

-

-9

5,220

97

9

2,655

6 10

9

2,520

4 10

9

1,890

3 10

9

1,890

39

9

1,170

37

9

1,665

39

9

1,890

3 10

9

945 2 10

9

1,350

2 10

9

855

26

9

900 2

9

900 1

9

900 2 8

9

832

19

9

450 2 7

9

360 1 6

9

405 2 9

9

405 2 9

9

450 2 11

9.

495 1 10

9

405 1

9

405

1

9

405 1

9

360 1 7

9

450 2 10

9

540 1 10

9

540 1

9

405 1

0>
1 ll

0

6 .. 4 2 5

7

9

1

3

4

2

1

4

1

2

3

2

2

3

1

1

3

2

3

2

3 .. 3

2

1

2

1

2

2 .. 1 1 2

2_ 2

2 ..

1

1

1 ... 1 ... 1

... 1

... 1

1

... 1 ._

1

... 1

1

... 1 ..

1

... 1

... 1

1

1

1

a

ts.2

Pa 3

S5

wC

147 A E C

277 C B A B

86 C B C A

72

ACC

45

BCC

49 C B C C

51

D DE

47. .. C C D

62. B D C

_. 30 BB EE C

52 O E D C

38 O C D D

24

DDE

42

BEE

32

BDE

24

AEE

21

E DD

16

CDD

30

BDE

11

CED

20. .. B D D

19

AE E

15.... B D E

14

B DE

8

BEE

13

BDC

23

CED

23

AEE

.... E

25... D D E

Total

9 $ 3,189 70 66 41 25 61

.1316

CDC

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

' inmivvvivnvmixxxi Total

Total

217 161 168 177 113 122 107

Number Accelerated.

10 14 17 17

6 11

6

Number Normal

166 113 111 104 56 67 63

Number Retarded....

41 34 40 56 51 44 38

<7,, Accelerated

4

9 10

9

5

9

6

% Normal

77 70 66 59 50 55 59

% Retarded

'.'.'..... 19 21 24 32 45 36 35

Median Aee

"""

6.4 7.8 8.9 10.1 11.8 12.5 13.4

MlSta^attonV.::::::::::::

o.i o.s 0.5 o.4

86 63
97 58 44 19 12 10 11
67 69 23 20 14.2 14.6
0.2......

56 41
33 40 34 13 4
67
71 83 23 10 16.4 17.0.
0.4--

1,311 103 856 352 9
65 26

REPORT ON THE SURVEY OF MONROE COUNTY
BY M. L. Duggan, Nov. 1923.
In submitting herewith report of the survey of the schools of Monroe County, I beg to call attention to a few outstanding situations of much importance.
(1) Finances: I will call especial attention to a recent audit by Joel Hunter & Company, which is submitted herewith. This audit was made October 12, 1923, at the instance of the county Board of Education and shows that the County Board of Education is in debt to the amount of more than $80,000. It appears that this debt has been created year by year over a considerable period of time and during several administrations. However, for our purposes in this survey we are concerned more over the fact

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

11

MONROE COUNTY

than over fixing the responsibility of this deplorable condition. It is probable that this hopeless financial condition has contributed directly and indirectly more toward the still more deplorable educational situation in the county than any other one cause.
I would further call attention to previous audit made by the State School Auditor, Tom Widsom, dated May 29,1922, and filed in this office. Mr. Wisdom dealt fairly and wisely with this same situation and pointed out at that prior date not only the serious indebtedness of the County Board, and how it had grown from year to year under different administrations, but he also made business-like recommendations with reference to liquidating this indebtedness which was so seriously handicapping the progress of education in the county, but it does not appear that his recommendations have been carried out.
(2) The educational situation in the county in so far as it offers any promise of educating the children is even more hopelessly bankrupted than the financial situation. We would call attention to the physical deterioration in the buildings, grounds, and equipment, which generally show neglect and in some cases decay. Especially would we call attention to the very large number of schools in the county, mostly one-teacher schools, attempting to teach nine, ten, and, in some cases, eleven grades. Of the 29 white schools in the county about 23 of them are thus attempting the impossible and doing none of the work well. The daily schedules posted in these schools show from 40 to 62 recitation periods a day, and furthermore, show in some instances the one teacher attempting to teach from beginners in the primer along through the grades to higher mathematics, general science, chemistry, Latin, French, etc., etc., to tenth and eleventh grade pupils.
(3) Attention is called to the very small enrollment in most of the schools of the county, making the per capita cost of the schools unusually high. Two main conditions seem to be responsible for this. First, on account of economic conditions in the rural districts very many farms have been vacated. Second, the combined conditions as above stated have made the schools so poor that very many patrons remaining on their farms are preferring at their own expense to send their children to the Forsyth school, where they can have very much better educational opportunity. This, in turn, has caused an over-crowded condition in the Forsyth School, while still further weakening very many of the rural schools.
(4) As a general result of all of the above mentioned conditions, there seems to be a serious lack of confidence in the school system of the county on the part of citizens, patrons, and pupils, and the school spirit of the county is at a very low ebb.
(5) It will take time and courage and strong business and professional direction ever to bring about satisfactory educational situation in this county. We can safely say, however, that two fundamental things are necessary. First, to place the school system on a sound financial basis and, second, to reorganize the county system and limit the number of grades per teacher within the bounds of possible thorough work in the lower grades.

WHEELER COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

1920 *1910 1918 1923

Population

White 6,255

Colored 3,562

Total 9,817

Total Children

Illiterates

6-18 Years
3,255

Attending School 2,690

Over 10 Years
798

16-20 Years
93

Per Cent 11.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White 1,943 2,089

Colored 1,073 1,260

Total 3,016 3,349

White 48 15

Colored 91 47

Total 139 62

12

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

WHEELER COUNTY

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$483,770 "-County created since 1910.

$1,660,070

$180,401

$1,558

RECORD OF WHEELER COUNTY
BY Geo. D. Godard and I. S. Smith, Supervisors, Dec, 1923.

3

SCHOOL
Alamo Glenwood Shiloh Union Cross Roads... Landsberg Dempsey Graham Hope Marion Oakgrove Spring Hill Browning Clements Erick Little Rock Union Chapel.

H 03
"3
$ 9,005 3,360 3,730 1,560 1,590 870 660 780 600 660 750 600 420 330 360 300 330

ft

.3 <n 03 tD o3

9 11 12 12 .. 10 2

89

.. 6 2

6

6

.. 4 2

4

4

22

3

4

4

1

3.

21

2

2

11

2

2

2

1

2

11

2

2

2

2

3

21

1

1 1 ... 1

1

1

1 ... 1

1

1 1 ... 1

1

1 .... 1 ... 1

1

1

11

>>

rt

03

03 &0

03-3

o'O

!5

M

271. . .. E

B

268_. .. E

B

221 _. .. D

B

102.. .. E

D

92.. - E

D

112.. .. E D D

47.. .. C D D

60.. ..DO D

55.. ..EC E

54.. ..ED E

62.. .. E E E

68.. ..ODE

41_. .. E D D

23_. .. D D D

22. .. B D D

27. .. D D E

20. .. E D E

Total.--

6$ 25,905 48 .... 54 38 16 38 16 37

1545--.-D-- D+ D

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

II III IV

VI VII VIII

Total Number Accelerated

-- 384 14

213 8

185 8

174 4

180 8

131 7

125 2

Number Normal Number Retarded. % Accelerated % Normal

239 105 82 62 55 42 25

131 100 95 108 117 82 98

3

3

4

2

4

5

2

62 49 44 36 31 32 20

48 52 62 65 63 78

MedfanAee

II

*7* ! 1-7 n-3 12-7 13-3 14-9

Mer^taMation-::::::::::::::: 0.4 0.9 1.7 1.3 1.7 1.3 1.9

74 4 14
56 5 19 76
16-x 2.1

IX X

39 1
11 27 3 28 69
16-6 1.6

27 2 12 13 7 44 49
16"9 0.9

XI
6
5 1 0 83 17 17-50.5.

Total
1,538 58 652 828 4 42 54

REPORT ON THE SURVEY OF WHEELER COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith and G. D. Godard, Dec. 1923. The following are the principal obstacles to educational progress in Wheeler County:
1. Lack of cooperation. 2. Lack of consolidation. 3. Failure to pay teachers. We recommend: 1. Further consolidations. 2. More attention given to the negro schools. 3. Some method devised whereby teachers can be paid more promptly for their work.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
BACON COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

13
Illiterates

1920 1910

White

Colored 852

Total 6,460

6-18 Years
2,115

Attending School
1,693

Over 10 Years
243

16-20 Years
20

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

Per Cent 3%

White

1918

1,863

1923

2,039

Personal

Colored

Total

White

263

2,126

57

254

2,293

65

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
38 27

Total
95 92

Polls

$497,468

$1,420,955

$131,500

$932

Note: -Bacon County was created since 1910.

RECORD OF BACON COUNTY By Smith and Godard

SCHOOL

*AlmaHigh * " Jr. High
Adel Community Springfield Buckingham Friendship Coffee Holton Satilla. Antioch Douglas
Cody Manor Hurricane Gregory Cothren Green Head Taylor Lee
Wolf Pit" Damascus Johnson Farm New Trey New Bethel. New Union Sessoms Guysie Pine Grove

Total

-

T!

3

9 7
4 5 4 4 4 -4 4 4 4 4
4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
5 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5

$6,750 2,795
260 325 260 260 200 260 240 300 240 260
240 325 325 550 350 325 300 325
325 260 240 240 240 325 325 300 300

- 5-- $17,445

10 11 8 7

8

5 10 5 4

1,811-

271

1 1 ...

2 7 1 .... 1 1 ...

261

1 1 ...

161

1 -.. 1

17 11. ... 1 ..-

1 6 1 .... 1 .._. 1

17 11. ... 1

161

1

1 8 1 .... 1

1 7 1 .... 1 1

1 7 1 .... 1

17 1

1

262

21

161

11

161

1

1 4 1 .... 1

17 1

17 11.

16 1

171

18 11.

161

16 1

16 11.

1 6 1 .... 1 ...

171

1 ...

46

41 17 24 21 20 33

as 3 do 5?
10 277 D B B 130.. C C D 28.. E D C 24.. .. E D D 45.. .. E D D 44.. .. E D E 28.. ..ODD 46.. .. E D E 18.. .. E D D 43. .. E E D 22. ..ODD 39. .- E D D 41. _. E C D 54. _ _ E XJ XJ 23. .- E E D 42. .. E D D 29. .. E D D 38. ..EDO 20. ., E E D 25. E D D 58. E D E 44. .. E D D 30. .. E D D 35. .. E D D 30. ... E D D 31. ... E E D 33. .. E E E 39. ... E E D . 42. ... E E D
10 1358. . E+ D D

14
Grade

GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
BACON COUNTY Age Grade Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

382 169 153 202 180 112 79 37 19 18 2 26 3655404120 221 57 60 49 55 27 16 13 11 9 1. 135 109 87 148 120 81 63 20 7 7 1
'.. 623223015 11 0 57 33 49 24 37 24 20 45 57 50 50 37 65 58 74 61 73 80 54 38 39 50 7.4 9.5 10.3 12.3 12.7 14.1 15.2 15.1 15.5 16.6 160.4 1.5 1.3 2.3 1.7 2.1 2.2 1.1 0.5 0.6

1,353 56 519 778 4 39 57

REPORT ON THE SURVEY OF BACON COUNTY BY I. S. Smith and G. D. Godard, Nov. 1923.
In making our report after making a survey of Bacon County's public schools, we wish to call attention to report in the school survey of this county made by Mr. Duggan in 1922. Every statement made by him is completely substantiated by our recent survey.
Bacon County is badly in need of more consolidated schools. Many of her present buildings are poor and most of them must be replaced by buildings that are adequate to the needs of the children at an early date. This makes the subject of consolidation more important at the present time.
We have found the schools all furnished with good single patent desks, though many of them are being destroyed, as they have not been properly put together. We believe it would be wise for the county Board of Education to take such steps as are necessary for the proper care of these desks.
Mose of the schools are very much in need of better equipment, such as maps, globes, charts, blackboards, sand tables, and weights and measure, etc. It is not possible for the best trained teachers to do good work without equipment for the pupils and teachers to work with. It is not practical to expect much results from a young, untrained teacher, some of which we found in Bacon County, with nothing but children, seats, and bare walls to work with.
The schools of the county are suffering because of the lack of proper finances. The school officials tell us they would be out of debt and have a balance ahead if they could collect the school taxes for 192122-23. It appears that a very small per cent of the taxes for these years has been collected. We feel that we can truthfully say to the citizens of the county that education, just as court houses, jails, and other necessities, must be paid for, and to the extent that they fail to pay for them, to that extent will they fail
to have them. We find that the teachers are being paid with script and these in turn are being traded, in many
instances, at considerable loss to the teachers. It has been a surprise to us that the Superintendent and Board have been able to maintain as good teaching force as they have, under such circumstances.

MITCHELL COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

11,519

14,067

25,586

8,107

6,022

4,504

527

24.7

1910

10,465

11,649

22,114

6,864

3,899

4,526

540

29.1

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

3,680

1923

4,063

Personal

Colored

Total

White

4,212

7,892

26

4,822

8,885

21

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
176 218

Total
202 239

Polls

$2,457,682

$3,942,642

$697,320

$3,011

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

15

RECORD OF MITCHELL COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, J. O. Martin, Lurline Parker, Supervisors,

SCHOOL
Camilla High...Pelham East Pelham 0Millers..Hopeful Sale City Cotton Baconton Pleasant Grove Greenough Flint Pleasant View Sardis Pine Cliff Live Oak Mt. Zion Hinsonton Pebble City Lake Pleasant Lancey Evergreen Branchville Union Grove Greenwood PineBloom Union Delwood Lester Pleasant Hill Adams Mt. Olive Bay Pole Bay Sink Bethany PineHill Harmony
Mt.Ebal
Total
Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded. Median Age. Med. Retardation

in <s

<a
"w3

9 $12,470

9 15,300

9

2,655

-- 9 9 8 9 7
7
-7 7
7 7 7 7 7 7 7
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 --- 7 7 7 6 7 7 7

6,535
7,760 2,840
4,360 1,260
770
735 350 840 840 420 420 1,260 $ 1,295
350 1,190
350 350
425 350 770
1,360 1,365
700
1,190 770 770 840 350 420
1,190 1,295
350

a
Q O
P c3

03 W)
03-3

3

dO
n

15 11 14 13

6 .. 49 377 B A B B

17 11 15 11

13

11 470 B B B B +

4543

4

4

113

EEC

141

1

1

12 E E E

8 10 8 7

6

5 .. 1 200

CAC

8 11 8 8 .... 7

5 .. 10 161

CBB

6 10 5 5 .... 4

1

113

DAB

4 11 5 4 1 5

4 1 20 89

AAC

38 3 1 2 1 2 2

66 _ D D D

3 7 2 1 1 . ... 2 2

35.... E A D

372112

14

49 . B D D

1 5 1 ... 1 - ... 1 1 1

12 . E E E

2722

2

24

82 .DDE

2722

2

3

42... E B D

151 1

7

27... B D E

1411

8

10 ... E E D

37321

8

95... D B D

3733

20

87... E D D

151

1.

20

35... E C D

37312

4

82... E D D

1 6 1 ... 1 .

11... E C D

151

1 1 ..

16... BOD

1511

1 ..

36... B C D

1 6 1 .. 1 1 ..

20... A C D

272 1

2 .. 2

57... E C E

3832

2

1

80... E B D

3 10 3 1

2

3

105... E B D

2720

2

66... E B D

39 3 1

122

42... B B D

2721

2

1

. 45... B D D

2721

112

37... E D D

2722

112

. 52... . E D D

T 1 6 1
151

1 .... 1 ... 1 1

. 33... . E E D 23... . E B D

3 83 2

212

.E B D

38

2

1 2 2 7 1 89... .ODD

15

... 1 1 10 .... 12... . A E D

7+ $74,495 116 _116 81 35 78 38 72 127 102 2950....D+B-- D

Age-Grade Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI

-

638 359

41 26

438 203

159 130

67

67 56

--- 27 37

6.9 8

325 352 306 309 266 183

20 28 24 28 19 17

157 179 152 149 124 87

148 145 130 132 123 79

6

8

8

9

7

9

48 50 50 48 47 42 46 42 42 43 46 49

9.8 10.5 11.7 12.6 13.8 14.8

0.8 0.5 0.7 .6 .8 .8

108

53

3 12 7

68 47 37 37 27 9
3 14 13

63 54 70

34 32 17

15.5 16.5 16.9

.5 .5 ..

Total
2,985 225
1,641 1,119
7 55 38

^SSB^ ES ^

16

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

MITCHELL COUNTY

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MITCHELL COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, J. 0. Martin and Miss Lurline Parker, Nov. 1923
1. Consolidation of small schools near large ones. (Ex. Adams, Pleasant View, etc.) 2. The purchasing of adequate teaching equipment. 3. The construction of better school buildings with reference to lighting, etc. 4. Equipment of play grounds. 5. Improved sanitary conditions. 6. Attention to and supervision of colored schools. 7. Construction of negro school buildings. (At present the majority of them are taught in church houses, no seats, too little light, no equipment, little sanitation; most of the money spent on the negro schools is wasted.) 8. We commend the past policy of the County Board in which they have consolidated the higher grades of a number of schools at Hopeful and Cotton. These central school buildings and all the schools from which the upper grades come are new and creditable and do honor to the county and state. This is perhaps the most constructive plan of work that we have found so far. 9. We do commend the associate work done by the County Health Commissioner, Dr. C. H. Rainey, who is a most efficient person in this position. 10. We recommend the construction of a new and up-to-date County High School at Camilla.

TELFAIR COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years

School Years

Years

1920

10,284

5,005

15,289

4,924

4,022

876

69

4.4 .

1910

8,527

4,761

13,288

4,149

2,178

1,474

199

15.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

3,426

1923

3,716

Colored

Total

White

1,998 2,224

5,424

83

5,940

14

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
107 33

Total
190 47

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$1,077,520

$3,327,140

$710,665

$1,847

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

17

RECORD OF TELFAIR COUNTY Geo. D. Godard and I. S. Smith, Supervisors, Dec, 1923.

SCHOOL

McRae Helena

So. Ga. College.

*Lumber City

Milan

Scotland

Towns

Workmore

Concord

Grahamville

Harmony

Jacksonville

New Sharon

Powell

Rockwell

Rue

Thomas

Union Dale

Welcome

Achord

Alaben

Brewer

Camps

China Hill

Clayville

Dobsen

El Bethel

Hatten

Hewlett

_'_

Jones

Liberty

McLeod

Midway

Mimms

L

Mt. Zion

Oak Grove

Red Hill

Sharon

Studs till

Union Grove

Walker

Total

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded... % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median'Age Med. Retardation

eSg
0s
3

9 $9,640

19,350

4,125

3,310

3,400

3,280

3,645

750

750

720

840

900

780

690

780

690

810

720

360

420

350

390

300

350

300

420

300

300

360

6

360

6

300

6

360

6

360

6

300

6

360

6

390

6

390

6

240

6

450

5

375

wa
o o

a
s
w



I to

o

P +cJ

12 7 10 Jr.
24 Col. 12 10 6 95
95 95 10 5 72 72 72 72
72 72 72
72 72 72 72 7 5
7 7 7 7 7 7
6 6
7 6
5 4
7 7 6
7 7
5 7
7

10

9

12 11

5 16..

5

4

5

5 ..

5

5 ..

4 14

112..

111

112..

2

111

2

2

1

2

2 ..

2

2 ..

2

2 ..

2

1

1

1 _.

... 1

1

1 ..

... 1

... 1

1

1 ...

1

1 ...

1

1 ...

... 1 1 ...

... 1 1 ...

... 1 1 .__

... 1

1

1

1

... 1 1 ...

... 1

1

_.. 1

1

... 1

1

... 1 1 ...

... 1

1

... 1

1

... 1

1

__. 1 1 ...

a

S3

OS W>

is .2

dW do
12;

2

325...

P
go n
CBB

9

135 A

BB

4

145 E

CB

3

147

EEC

2

149

ECB

3

155

CC

3

208

AB

2

36

EE O

2

62

E DE

2

66

EEE

2

57

E DE

2

75

EEE

2

84

E DD

2

55

EEE

69

EDC

1

98

EEE

1

67

E DE

2

63

EEE

.. 21

E DE

1

34

EEE

30

E DE

1

23

E DE

1

26.... E E E

1

33

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1

26

DDD

1

52

EEE

1

24

EEE

37

3L E E

1

42

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1

53

EEE

1

29

EEE

1

40

EEE

1

34.... E D E

1

26

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1

51

EEE

1

53

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1

45

EEE

1

24

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1

44

EEE

1

54

EDD

6 $62,915

92 70 22 69 23 63

_.2797_ __ E E+D--

Age-Grade Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX

X Total

686 371 378 407 293 248 223 63 41

30

2

5

4

4

3

7

408 145 129 123 87 65 62 16 10 ... .. 3

248 224 244 280 202 180 154 47 31

1

41

11

113

59 39 31 30 30 26 28 25 24

75

37 60 58 69 69 73 69 75 76

25

7.5 9.4 10.7 12.5 13.1 14.1 15.4 16.4 17.1.

16

0.5 1.4 1.7 2.5 2.1 2.1 3.4 2.4 2.1_

2,714
55 1,048 1,611
2 38 60

HWW mm

18

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON THE SURVEY OF TELFAIR COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith and G. D. Godard, Dec. 15,1923. The county has made three splendid consolidations within the past two years and the work being done in these consolidated schools as compared with the small one and two-teacher schools is very convincing argument in favor of more consolidations, which we believe is the greatest need of the school
system of Telfair County. The Board and superintendent have splendid plans for further consolidations and, in our opinion,
the sooner the patrons give them the necessary cooperation and in perfecting these plans the better it will
be for the educational interest of the county. We found most of the schools of the county fairly well equipped from the standpoint of desks, boards,
etc., but too often we found teachers laboring at a great disadvantage of trying to teach seven and eight
grades per teacher. The negro schools are not accomplishing what they should. In very few instances did we find any
attempt to do any industrial work. We believe the County Board of Education could aid the Negro situation greatly by cooperating with Mr. Hill, Special Supervisor, and putting in a Jeanes worker. We have found a splendid school spirit among the school officials, patrons, pupils, and teachers.

POLK COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
15,452 14,504

Colored
4,905 5,697

Total
20,357 20,201

6-18 Years
6,514 6,036

Attending
4,929 3,622

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

Over 10 Years
2,116 2,462

16-20 Years
195 299

Per Cent
9.1 17.3

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

5,014

1,565

6,579

49

33

1923

5,152

1,817

6,969

22

19

82 41

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$2,923,858
Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

$4,390,510

$1,563,189

Age-Grade Retardation

$3,181

I II HI IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

680 400 377 404 317 240 216 146 112 68 39

19 16

3 11

8 21

7

9

2

3

1

410 209 208 174 148 111 91 75 64 45 24

-. 251 175 166 219 161 108 118 62 46 20 14

3

4

13

2

8

3

6

1

4

3

61 52 55 41 47 46 43 51 57 66 61

36 44 44 56 51 46 54 43 42 30 36

7.<i 8.8 9.7 11.1 11.9 12.7 13.9 14.5 15.7 16.6 17.5

0.2 0.8 0.7 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.5

Total
2,999 100
1,559 1,340
3 52 45

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

19

RECORD OF POLK COUNTY.

SCHOOL

* fCedartown High

Junior High

"

College St

*

"

Gibson St

*

"

Third St

Rockmart

Aragon

Benedict

Fish

Antioch

Browning

Hamlet

Cedar Creek

Summit

Lake

Aikes Lawn

EasonHill

Groves

Lime Branch

Ellis Chapel

Mountain Home

Clarkwood

UnionHill

Young

Treet

Priors

Etna

Harmony

Biggers

Oak Grove

Lees

Whorler

._

Springdale

Cochran

Davistown

White River

Total .

eg

03

03

OS

+3 rt33

CO

9 $12,607

9 6,515

9 6,670

9 3,195

9 3,240

9 7,965

9 5,805

9 3,015

9 2,745

6 1,050

6 1,110

6 1,110

6

810

6

810

6

900

6

810

6

810

6

810

6

810

6

810

6

810

6

810

6

810

6

750

6

360

6

360

6

360

6

360

6

360

6

360

6

300

6

360

6

450

6

450

6

450

6

300

9

8 -7 7 7

8

88

4

43

6

43

12 11 11 10

9 10 9 7

4 10

3

4 10

2

37

1

48

2

38

1

28

2.

272

2821

272

272

272

272

272

272

272

272

272

4

6

7

7

7

7

6

... 1

5

1 .... 1 .

5

1

1.

5

1

1.

27 15

1 .... 1 . ... 1

7+ $69,247 110 .104 76 28 72 32 47

83 M 03^

53

a
p.

dO

go w

0 c

207. ... B A A 285. ... B A+ B
326. ..BOB
155. __ C C C 141. ... E A+ D 437. ... C B B 337. ..A D C
144. E D C 97_ E C C 62. ... E D D
55. ... E B C
45. ... E D E 54. ... D D D 26. ... E C E
33. ... E D E 42. ... D C C 55. ... D C D 50_ ... E C D 40. ... E D D
28. ... E D D 36_ ... E D D 34. ... E D D 39. ... E E C 49. ... E O E 17. ... E D E 13. ... C E E 30. ... E E E
25_ ... E E E 23. ... E D D
18. ... C E E
21. ... E D E 18. ... C C C
20. ... E D E
21. ... E C D 19. ... D D D 12. .. E O D

1 3014....D-- C D

REPORT ON SURVEY OF POLK COUNTY BY
All supervisors, October 1923.

The following recommendations are made with reference to the development of the county's educational future:
1. The county should be surveyed and mapped with reference to consolidation of most of the schools.
2. A trained woman employed as county supervisor. 3. More professional training for teachers is advised, especially for primary teachers. 4. Construction of better buildings. 5. The purchasing of better equipment for teaching purposes, such as maps, globes, charts,
dictionaries, libraries, etc. 6. The redirection of the course of study so that it will coordinate more closely with the lives of
the children. 7. The establishing of convenient Junior and Senior High Schools for all the children of the
county. 8. A development of greater educational interest on the part of the people.

The interest which the county teachers have in their work is evidenced by the fact that they have pledged material support to the organization of a circulating library for the rural schools.

mmmmmmm mm

20

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

POLK COUNTY
The city schools have a large enrollment of bright healthy children. The attitude of the teachers toward the children and the school administration is commendable.
The High School building, the Junior High School building, and the Third Street building are suitable in plan and attractive in appearance. In some of the rooms of the CoUege Street School the lighting is insufficient. There is a pressing need for school room equipment in the Third Street, College Street and Gibson Street buildings. The sectioning of children according to their mental ability is a forward step, and it is believed that this will greatly increase the efficiency of the schools.
There is need of a Domestic Science department in both white and colored schools. A supervising teacher in the Grammar grades of the city would be a very helpful addition to the teaching force. The colored school is in great need of a larger teaching force.
The city schools are under the direction of a very efficient man who gives his closest attention to
their supervision. The county superintendent is honestly and courageously working for the welfare of the county
schools. Both of these men, however, are confronted with the serious obstacle of lack of funds. With this removed, conditions could be made ideal.

DODGE COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
13,523 11,666

Colored
9,015 8,460

Total
22,538 20,126

6-18 Years
7,456 6,497

Attending School
5,565 3,492

Over 10 Years
2,523 3,330

16-20 Years
265 435

Per Cent
15.8 24.1

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yis.

White

1918

4,900

1923

5,075

Colored

Total

White

3,497

8,397

46

3,348

8,423

29

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
219 160

Total
265 189

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$1,352,600
Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded. MedianAge Med. Retardation..

$4,458,379

$1,040,412

Age-Grade Retardation

$2,534

I II
895 453 20 7
570 193 305 253
21 64 43 34 56
7.3 9 0.3 1

III IV

VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

452 383 404 326 287 136 103

17 5 10

6 27 6

168 120 118

68 54 56

267 258 276 220 213 55 41

4

1

3

2

2 20

6

37 31 29 30 24 39 54

59 68 68 68 74 41 40

10.4 11. ' 11.5 13.9 15.2 14.6^15.7

1.4 1. i 0.5 1.9 2.2 0.6 0.7

67 2
40
25 3 59 38 16.6 0.6

42 2 24
16 5 57 38 17.7. 0.7_

3,548 110
1,509 1,929
3 42 45

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

21

RECORD OF DODGE COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith and O. D. Godard, Supervisors, Dec, 1923.

SCHOOL

'Eastman Eastman Factory

Union High

Dodge High

Roddy.

Catherine.

Yonker

Giddens .

-

Antioch.

Lynnwood

Duboise.

.

Empire

Godwinsville

Chauncey



Zion

Sweet Home

Bob Jones

Mt. Airy

Hamilton

Leon

Chester Consolidated- ..

Ocmulgee

Amity Hill

Plain Field

Ben Clark

Sand Grove

Rhine

FivePoints

Vilula

Depew

Whitley

Union Line

Cross Roads

Emmans

Jones Academy

New Bethel

Poplar Springs

Bethel

Total

ma

9 -- S
5 6 6 5 5 --- 5 5 5
5
7 --- 5
9 8 5 6 5 5 5 8
--- 5 5 5 5 5 9 5
-5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6

u <s
"3
CO
0,070 800
2,325
2,645
1,885 875 275 525 275 300 550
2,205 300
7,155 1,800
500 475 300 775 575 4,920 550 475 550 525 800
3,780 980 250 525 500 375 800 525 500 525 500 875

25 11 20 18 2 19

1 li 2 1 1 1

6 10 7 7 . 6

7 10 6 5 1 4

6 8 4 4 . _.. 3

2 7 2 2. 2

2 7 1 1. 1

1 7 2 2. 1

1 7 1 1. 1

1 9 1 1 . ... 1

27 22

1

594313

2711

1

10 11 11 11

10

373122

1722 1 2

272112

171

1

3932 1

2 10 2

2

9 10 9 7 2 7

2722

2

15211 1

3822

2

2721 11

28321 1

4 10 5 5

5

4933

3

161

11

17211 1

2721 1 2

1711

1

3933

3

1 10 2 2

2

2722

2

2722

2

1722

1

3 9 2 2 .. 2

3

ti

CB

03

si M

a

CO 03-3

3 2

do

H

10 ... 16 529 A BOA

1 ...

52

EEE

212

Ej B O

5

199

ECO

4 ....

127.... E A D

1

40

E DE

37

EDD

1

56.... E D D

40

CDC

1

.... 34.... E D E

2

.... 42.... E D D

2

.... 129.... D O D

1

30.... E D D

8

326

EBB

91.... E D C

67.... E D E

72.... EDO

26.... B D D

87.... E D E

47.... B D D

7

270... C D B

67.... E D D

53.... E E D

70.... E D D

42.... E E E

91.... D E D

209.... O E D

73.... E O D

39.... E D D

39.... E E E

65.... E D O

18.... E D D

96.... EDO

41.... EEC

66.... E D B

56.... E D O

31.... D E D

53.... ECO

6+ 863,525 128. 124 104 20 100 24 84

3622 E D D

REPORT ON THE SURVEY OF DODGE COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith and Geo. D. Godard, Nov. 1924.

We find a number of excellent consolidated schools which are serving this patronage to a splendid advantage, and stand as a splendid example of the possibilities for the entire county.
(1) We believe that there should be further consolidation of the small schools of the county. There is no comparison as to the type of work being done in the consolidated, and that done in the small one and two-teacher schools. The Board and Superintendent have splendid plans for further consolidations and the sooner these can be perfected the better it will be for the educational welfare of the children.
(2) We have found the white schools splendidly equipped with desks, blackboards, maps, charts, etc. We recommend that there be every precaution possible exercised by the Board of Education and
patrons in taking care of this equipment. (3) We have not found the negro schools in very good condition. This is due, perhaps, very largely
to the fact that there has recently been a great exodus of the negroes from the county thereby disorganizing the schools. Also to the fact that their building and equipment is very poor.

mmmm

22

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

FLOYD COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10

16-20

Per Oen

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

30,599

9,240

39,839

11,570

8,406

3,620

361

1910

26,248

10,483

36,730

10,309

6,212

3,911

470

14.5

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

8,109

1923

9,264

Colored

Total

White

2,723

10,832

136

2,765

12.029

63

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
114 53

Total
250 116

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$7,973,815

$10,319,545

$2,728,627

Age-Grade Retardation

$4,776

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation__

II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

471 208 239 237 184 158 133 241 138 96 50

946753

3 5 12

314 104 108 111 65 53 29 102 76 61 30

148 100 125 119 114 102 104 136 57 34 18

21333201414

67 51 45 46 35 34 21 42 55 63 60

31 48 52 51 62 64 79 57 41 36 36

7.2 8.9 10.1 11.1 12.6 13.5 14.9 15.3 16.7 17.3 18.7

1.2 .9 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.5 1.9

1.3 1.7 1.3 1.7

Total
2,155 45
1,053 1,057
2 48 50

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

23

RECORD OF FLOYD COUNTY BY
All Supervisors

SCHOOL

CO

CD

aH s

CD
H

03 CO

Rome High .. ...

9 $19,135

* " Central Primary .

9 6,122

* " Neely

9

6,666

* " Fourth Ward.. * " East Rome __ .

9 5,553 9 3,195

* " Sixth Ward

9 3,600

* " South Rome.

9 4,462

Darlington

.

9 5,160

Edmonia Newman

Hearn Academy __ ..

9 4,262

fMartha Berry (High)

9 20,000

"

" Primary

... 8

Fairview

. ._

8 1,320

Pleasant Hope... _ .

7

490

Glenwood

9

675

Spring Crew

7

490

Floyd Spgs.

7

945

Rice

.... ....

7

945

Rosedale. .... .... __

7

420

Murzie

7

420

Wrights. .

...

7

420

Evergreen. .

420

Antioch... ... .... _ ... 7

420

Crystal Springs... _

._ 7

525

Central Grove

.. _ 7

945

Osborn.. ...........

7

525

Sandy Spring. __

7

350

Johnson

..

_7

980

Mt. Alto

7

420

Lindale (Mill)

9 16,635

Anchor Duck (Mill). _

_. 9 3,645

Cave Spring

9 10,100

West Rome .. .

9 3,420

Armuchee.

.. _

. 9 4,185

Everett Springs..

. 7 1,645

Model

.. .. . .. ... 8 3,400

Harmony

.

.7

945

Foster's Academy.. .

7

525

Foster's Mill .. . . ...

7

525

Morton

7

420

McGee

7

420

Lavender

... ... 8*

637

Battey Height

_..

7

420

Unity.. .. .

-. ... . 7

490

Donehoo. . ....... ... 7

490

Livingston

.. 7

455

McHenry

8 1,200

Turner's Chapel.

.7

945

New Prospect... _ . . . 7

525

Barker

.7

560

Prospect.

7

980

Holbrook

7

385

Pleasant Hill.

7

420

Utopia

7

350

Warren

7

975

Oostanaula. .. -....

.7

455

Total

7+$ 144,018

-School not in session.

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14 5 19 18 1 15 4 6

632 B C E A

8 4 8 6 2 8.

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... 372

AAB

8 2 8 6 2 8.

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... 313.... C C B

9 6945368

... 325- . C A B

4444

4.

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... 178

COB

5455

321

228

BBB

6 6 6 4 2 4 2_

... 291.... C B B

8666

333

-._ 116

AA

11 2 2

2_

... 35

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5 4 4 3 12 2 1

... 47

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4 20 20 13 7 8

... 325

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1 71

1 1_

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3822

2 . ... 2 6 _

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271

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7 7

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1 2 ....

1 1

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31

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272

2112

36.... C D E

171

1 1_

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1711

1_

0 0 24 A D D

1 71

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17

20

D $E

1 71 1

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19.... C D E

271 1

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2 7 2 112.

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271 1 71

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20 9 21 13 8 13 8 6

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5 5 5 4 13 2 3 .

0 200

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14 11 13 13

856

... 480 B C A+ B

5 753 23 23

178

E DD

5 9 6 5 15 1 ?.

... 216

D DD

3 9 3 12 3.

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61 E D D

6955

5.

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... 220 B C C

2 7 2 111 1 1

38____ A D D

271

1

1.

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2 7 1 1 ..... 1 .

1 5 0 29-... C C D

171

1

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171

1

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271

1 1.

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271

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271

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171

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1 71 1

1.

41 D A D

3 7 2 __._ 2 1 1 1 0 0 26 D A D

271

1 1.

0 0 30____ E E E

1 6 1 .... 1 1

3 0 30 E D E

1711

1

4 0 32__._ D D E

2 7 2 111 1 ?,

54_... B D E

171

1 1 . ... 1 0 0 31___. C D E

187 196 139 57 138 58 78 52 . ...6161 D+C--D +

24

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON FLOYD COUNTY SURVEY BY All supervisors, Oct. 1923.
Outstanding facts In Floyd County Schools : 1. School houses are poor and unsuitable, and are left open at all times. 2. Cave Spring School house is a model. 3. Linwood school seems to feel itself independent of the county. 4. The teachers have not sufficient qualifications to render the needed service. 5. School equipment is decidedly wanting: (a) Few charts; (b) Few maps; (c) Few globes; (d) Few toilets and many of them out of repair; (e) Blackboards are generally poor. 6. Many teachers live outside the limits of the patronage of the schools taught. 7. Some consolidations are much needed, for instance: Rice, Fairview, Prospect and Lavender; also Wrights, Margie, Armuchie, Floyd Springs and Rosedale. 8. Needs for all the county: More money, closer supervision, better teaching, etc.
I

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education
N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Aet of October 3,1917, authorized October 5,1923.

Vol.1

Atlanta, February 15, 1924

No. 8

M. H. WILLIAMS, COUNTY SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENT OF CANDLER COUNTY,
SUSPENDED FROM OFFICE.
M. H. Williams, county superintendent of schools for Oandler County, was suspended from office on February 18th, by the State Superintendent of Schools. The reason of the suspension was that Mr. Williams issued a first grade high school certificate to H.H. Olliff and placed thereon the seal of the County Board of Education without the authority of the same. This certificate was used by Mr. Olliff to obtain a certificate of qualification to run for county superintendent of schools of Jenkins County. The facts are as follows:
H. H. Olliff, a citizen of Jenkins County went to Bryan County on the date of the State Examination last August and took the examination under Superintendent H. G. VanBrackle, who graded the paper 79 per cent. It seems that Mr. Olliff was dissatisfied with this grading and asked that the paper be sent to the State Department of Education for review. It was then graded by Mr. J. A. Northcutt, clerk of the state superintendent, who authorized a grade of 77 per cent, upon which a second-grade certificate was issued to Mr. Olliff, by Superintendent VanBrackle. It seems that Mr. Olliff contemplated running for county superintendent of schools of Jenkins County and, since he could not qualify under a second grade certificate, he sought Mr. Williams, assistance. The papers were sent to Mr. Williams by Mr. VanBrackle. The marking was deliberately changed so as to make a general average of 90 per cent and a certificate was issued in October to H. H. Olliff by Superintendent M. H. Williams, upon which the seal of the county Board appeared, indicating that the County Board had authorized and directed the issuance of this certificate. No record appears upon the County Board's Minutes authorizing such an act, and it is understood that it was not submitted to them.
SCHOOL WARRANTS.
The proceeds of the school warrants for 1924 cannot be used for any other purpose than the payment of teachers' salaries earned in the current year. They can not be used for expenses, even that of teachers' salaries for 1923. The appropriation of 1923 is not yet entirely paid and one-half of the excess above $4,250,000 of the State's revenue is yet to be paid. This should and ought to be used to pay past indebtedness. If the question should arise as to two kinds of indebtedness, one for teachers and the other, say, for supplies, the teachers' account has the preference--and only to teachers of elementary grades, in that the state appropriation can be used for no other purpose, and then not beyond fixed appropriations for that year.
It is unlawful for Boards of Education to borrow money or sign notes for supplies, or equipment, or buildings, expecting to pay it out of the revenue for succeeding years. Many counties are now suffering on account of this violation. While I hope that means will be found to pay every cent of it, yet I hope that no illegal indebtedness will be made hereafter.
The state school auditor reports that in many instances the Board's minutes do not show authority for payment of accounts. Every check issued by the county superintendent should have the authority of the County Board and expressed upon their minutes. A large ma j ority of the county superintendents of schools keep excellent financial records. Some, however, are very careless. No officer should handle public money that does not keep correct accounts and show every dollar received and authority for every expenditure. The superintendents of schools and Boards of Education should know that they cannot borrow money, or discount school warrants for any other purpose than that to pay current salaries of teachers.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
An Object Lesson for School Truck Drivers
i

Two of the four occupants of a

Douglas county school truck were

killed Monday when a Southern train struck the vehicle, at Harper's

i

crossing, near Lithia Springs. The

top picture shows the wrecked bus,

the inset shows Ruby Brown, who

was instantly killed; while below,

left to right, are Virginia Harper,

who was fatally injured; Catherine

Harper, her sister, who is in an At-

lanta hospital, and Geraldine Har-

per, another sister, who witnessed

the accident from the porch of their

home. The pictures of the children

were taken several years ago.--By

Courtesy of The Atlanta Journal.

Wrecked School Bus and Its Two Victims

Population

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
CAMDEN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
2,696 2,577

Colored
4,273 5,113

Total
6,969 7,690

6-18 . Years
2,233 2,401

Attending School
1980 1,255

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

Over 10 Years
679 1,284

16-20 Years
34 159

Per Cent
13.3 23.6

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

1923 1918

White
848 931

Colored

Total

White

1,268 1,410

2,116 2,341

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
38 27

Total
42 30

Personal $974,816

Land

Corporation

$1,591,741

$528,730

RECORD OF CAMDEN COUNTY
BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor, Jan. 1924.

Polls $1,118

SCHOOL
+St. Mary'sWaverly.. Woodbine White Oak Kingsland
TotaL
Grade
Total..., Number accelarated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded. Median Age Med. Retardation...

to
n<B

03

8 7 -- 6 7 8

$3,840 2,520 1,360 2,065 3,880

7+ $13,665

ft
M

Pi

cS

H

>03>2M,l

SS.2

I to

> us

X

oa
P.
"3 nC

6 11 6 5 13 3 3

5 10 5 5 ,325

3 10 3 2 112 3

4 10 4 4 . 4

4

6 11 6 6

6

6 110 O B B B

148

E OD

2 76

DCD

127 D O D

224 O E B D

24 24 22 2 17 7 15 .. . 8 685.. .. D O D

Age-Grade Retardation

i n ra iv v vi vn via K X XI Total

118 67 71 82 76 88 63 38 36 17 13

669

13

76461311

33

71 23 31 31 33 36 23 18 17 11 7

310

46 32 40 44 37 48 34 19 16 5 5

326

14

88493868

5

60 48 43 38 43 43 37 47 47 65 54

46

39 48 57 54 49 53 54 50 45 29 38

49

7.7 8.9 10.5 11.2 11.9 13.3 14.2 15.0 15.8 16.6 17.2.

0.7 0.9 1.5 1.2 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.2.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON SURVEY OF CAMDEN COUNTY. BY
E. A. Pound, January 1924. Oamden County is the most southeasterly county of the state. Although geographyically it presents many difficulties in the matter of consolidation of schools yet, all of the white schools--originally 33 in number-- have been consolidated into five, one at each of the following places: St. Marys, Kingsland, White Oak, Waverly and Woodbine. To these schools more than three hundred children are transported
in trucks. When in full operation there are 25 negro schools, the great majority of them being one-teacher
schools. Many of them are of the type too often found throughout the state and unworthy of the name of school building. However, the colored race was the first to set the example in building a first-class school building at Kinwood. This building was built by the Negroes with the aid of the Rosenwald Fund. It is a few miles from Kingsland and does the race credit as it is a very attractive building and a great
improvement over the majority of the buildings of the county. The average length of term in this county is seven months. The school at St. Marys has been re-
ceiving the $1,000 Barrett Rogers fund, but it is found that this school is operating only eight months in
the year. Is this legal?

CRAWFORD COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910
1918 1923

White
3,695 3,388

Colored
5,198 4,922

Total
8,893 8,310

6-18 Years
2,853 2,706

Attending School
2,216 1,724

Over 10 Years
1,272 1,559

16-20 Years
128 170

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White
1,173 1,195

Colored
2,195 2,200

Total
3,368 3,395

White
10 4

Colored
509 26

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Per Cent 20.2 27.3
Total 519 30

Personal
$368,333
Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med Retardation

Land

Corporation

$1,431,202

$264,330

Age Grade Retardation

II III IV

VI VII

VIII IX

Polls $1,176

X XI

Total

177 120 145 106 133 76 63 33

4

14

4

2

3

3

3

142 74 74 45 51 39 27 20

31 45 67 57 80 34 33 10

2

13

4

14

5

9

80 61 51 42 38 51 43 60

18 38 46 54 61 45 52 31

6.8 8.5 9.9 11.3 12.5 12.8 14 14

0.5 0.9 1.3 1.5 0.8 1

0

37 20 21

931

1

2

27

16 14 12

514

21 5 7

390

59

3

43 70 57

55

57 25 34

42

16.2 16.6 17.6.

1.2 0.6 0.6-

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF CRAWFORD COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor, Jan. 1924.

SCHOOL
Roberta Hobson Midway MuseUa Woods Deep Creek Elam Green Hill Moran. Pine Level Sandy Point Walkers Chapel Whitewater Worsham.-- Zenith
Total

03
m03

9 $ 9,540

7

945

7

875

7 1,000

7

910

7

350

7

315

7

350

7

350

7

350

7

350

7

300

6

350

7

350

7

7+ $16,335

a3 03 M

03 03

3

6W 6D

P 03

!z; S3

m

11 11 11 11

2

11

2

2 ... 2

1

1

1

1

... 1

11

1 .... 1

1

1

1 1 ....

8 406 O B 0,,/0 ... 80 E D E D 6 ... 53 E E D D 23 5 62 E C E E ... 84 E E D D ... 13.... O D-- E ... 11.... E D-- E 2 26.... E D D ... 22.... A D E ... 23.:.. E E E ... 23.... ADD ... 28.... E D E ... 28.... E D E ._- 18.... E D E 1 43.... B D D

33 29 21 8 19 10 14 50 16 920E+D+D+E+

CRAWFORD COUNTY.

BY

J. O. Martin, Jan. 1924.

For the most part the schools of this county are at long distances from each other and with the

exception of five or six more schools the county has done its consolidating.



Roberta, the County High School has absorbed all of the High School work except that which is done

at Fort Valley and Byron, on the line in Houston County. Roberta has also absorbed all the schools within

its reach except two small ones. These will come in as soon as they can be taken care of in the Roberta

class rooms. More than one-half the number of children in the county are taught at Roberta.

It is suggested that the newly appointed County School Superintendent visit every school in person,

with the County School Board, and make a list of the needs of the schools with reference to light, heat,

equipment, etc., and then go about obtaining these items of necessity for each school. Much time is lost

because the teachers have no equipment, and much discomfort is experienced by the children through a

lack of the necessary amount of heat and light, and comfortable seats. Without a doubt the greatest

loss in Georgia life is in her school rooms where the teachers teach without equipment, and the children

study without light.

Population

GLYNN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years School

Years

1920

9,520

9,850

19,370

4,690

3,632

1,726

107

11.0

1910

5,939

9,774

15,713

2,997

2,260

2,273

144

18.9

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

GLYNN COUNTY
STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

1923

2,339

2,606

4,945

1918

2,377

2,697

5,074

3 3

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored 25 10

Total
28 13

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$2,284,982

$6,785,223

$2,866,976

RECORD OF GLYNN COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, Jan. 1924.

$2,202

SCHOOL

+Glynn Academy--

High School Prep

Glynn Grammar

Purvis

Arco...

Community

-

Thalman

Brookman

--

Bladen

Everett City..

Tabby's

Frederica

-

O'Conner

-

St. Joseph's

TotaL

Grade
Total. Number Accelerated.. Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

CO

9 $15,500 17

9

7,650 12

9 18,270 15

-- 9

6,130

8

9

2,175

6

9

2,275

4

9

675

--- 9

700

9

675

9

585

9

720

-- 9

675

---

9

$56,030 72

i

T3g

CD

IS

os

03

CO wg

11 8 3 10

1

8 8 .... 8 .. 7

19 16 3 19 .. .. 6

7616

2

2

3 .. 2

1 .. .. 1

1 ..

1 ...

1--

1 ...

1

57 50 7 53 4 26

4c*

03 W>
Is 2

IS

a 1

319 A O A A

262 A D B A

457 A B O B

253 A D B B

91.... O

B

82 A D

A

22. E

D

22 O D O D

21 B D O D

18.-. B E E

14.... D D D

24.... O C O

5.... .__,,,,,,,,.

92....

1682 B+D+ O D+

Age-Grade Retardation

n in iv

vi vn vm IX X XI Total

251 183 208 251 173 172 159 121 73 58 59

1708

8 5 15 5 7 5 10 8 18 10 6

97

- 202 133 133 149 98 101 75 63 47 39 44

1084

- 41 45 60 97 68 66 74 50 8 9 9

527

--3

2

7

2

4

2

6

7 25 17 10

6

80 73 64 59 57 59 47 52 64 67 75

63

17 25 29 39 39 39 47 41 11 16 15

31

6.9 8.3 9.3 10.5 11. 7 12.fi is.:t 14.7 14 9 15.9 16.1

0.3

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
REPORT ON GLYNN COUNTY.
Glynn County has had, from its inception, the county unit system of schools. The Superintendent is not elected by the people, but is selected by the Board of Education. The Board is not restricted in its selection to the county, but may go out and find the best possible man. As a result, it has always had able Superintendents and it has not had the troubles and legal technicalities often incident to the operation of a dual system of education operative in the majority of the counties of the state. It would be well if all of the counties of the state would adopt the county unit plan, for in the four original counties having the county unit plan the schools are much better than those in other counties having both municipal and county systems.
The county unit plan is conducive to an equality of educational opportunity Inasmuch as the rural and city schools are under the same superintendent who can coordinate and correlate the work of all the schools. It may be truthfully said that in the counties having such a plan of administration all the children of all the people have a greater equality of educational opportunity than in the counties having the dual plan.
Glynn County is blessed in the fact that it has not a multiplicity of high schools. The average county is not able to operate more than one good first-class high school, and the Glynn County Board realizing this fact has all the high school pupils of the county to come to Brunswick where there is a first class high school, this school being on the Southern list. Here the rural pupils receive the advantages of more and better teachers and a length of recitation adequate to the work they are doing. This is real educational economy of time and effort.
In 1921, the people of the county issued bonds to the amount of $225,000. With this they have erected a memorial high school-one of the finest and prettiest in the state for the white children and another memorial school for the colored population. These schools are looked upon with pride by both the white and colored people.
The city schools are manned by some of the best teachers in the state, several of them being selected annually as teachers of the best summer schools. The Board has been wise in the retention of these teachers year after year.
The increase in the number of children enrolled in the schools since 1914 is 716. Glynn County has erected two good consolidated schools for rural pupils and with one or two more consolidations will present an ideal system. Undoubtedly the colored schools at Magnolia and Union should be consolidated as they are within a short distance of each other and one school would make a stronger and a better school.

STEWART COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Att ending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

3,445

8,644

12,089

4,248

3,207

2,084

238

24.1

1910

3,056

10,381

13,437

4,402

2,513

2,208

240

23.4

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

826

1923

1,004

Personal

Colored

Total

White

3,076 3,151

3,902

5

4,155

5

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
113 82

Total
118 87

Polls

$803,243

$2,582,807

$675,963

$1,859

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF STEWART COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor, Jan. 1924.

SCHOOL
Richland LumpkinHigh County Line Oconee Omaha Louvale Ammons Charles Midway Providence RedHill Wesley Chapel
Total

coin a
CO

9 9

$14,205 8,130

9

1,890

* 9 9
9

1,845 2,160 1,305
630 720
585

9

585

9 9

675 540

9 $33,270

a

eg

a

H

.2

10 11 14 12 2 12 2

9 11 9 9 ... 7 2

39

123

3 10 3 10 25

12 21
1

28

7

6

7

8

7

a

>>

(A

<S

03 W)

CD
go w

4 1 21 274 D A B B

1 ... 15 227 D A B B

3

62 C O O O

2

.. 58 O B D O

3

79 O B D D

2

. 33 O O D D

1

23 O B O D

22.... ODD

1

20 ECO

1

19 ADO

1

27 B D D

.. 9 .... COD

37 .... 40 34 6 32 8 20 1 36 853....B--O-- O

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
Total
Number Accelerated. Number Normal Number Retarded ^Accelerated 5 Normal ?RetTrde"d S MaedniaA n Aggee Med. Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI Totla

114 87 100 92 87 86 84 76 46 39 26

837

3 7 17 13 11 10 10 6 8 7 4 97 68 70 63 55 58 50 47 27 21 18 M 12 13 16 21 18 24 23 11 11 4 - 3 8 17 13 12 11 12 8 17 18 15

96 574 167
11

- 85 78 70 68 63 67 59 62 58 53 70 - 13 " 13 19 25 22 29 30 25 29 15

68 21

- 6.9 7.6 8.6 9.7 11.5 12.1 13.1 14.3 15.1 15.7 17.2..

01

2

STEWART COUNTY. BY
Geo. D. Godard, Jan. 1924. The white schools of Stewart County are sparsely located on account of the thin white population. Consolidations have been made with Lumpkin and Richland, and Omaha and Oconee have some consolidations. There are at least two other places where two or more schools might be consolidated. The negro schools are thick and plentiful. They are most all taught in church houses and have no equipment for teaching, other than a stove and some home-made blackboards This matter of schools for the colored people seems to be of more importance than it once was, and this county has a good deal to do in tMs direction. In one or two instances deserted school houses for the white children have been

turned over to the colored people for school purposes. The broken surface of the county is a geographic hindrance to the enlargement of the schools
of the county. The county Superintendent is interested in the work of the schools and is trying to do

all possible for their betterment.

1. Closer supervision would assist in improving the schools.

b 2. Some further consolidation may be had.

_+,,,,,,

L 3. Negro schools might have some consolidation without involving the problem of transportation.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

LAMAR COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1923

1,734

Personal

Colored

Total

White

1,763

3,497

6

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored ~36~

Total 42

Polls

$938,828

$2,083,888

$653,844

RECORD OF LAMAR COUNTY.
BY Duggan and Hill, Supervisors, Nov. 1923.

$1,340

SCHOOL

**6th Dist. A. & M Gordon Institute Gordon Grammar

Aldora Mill--.

Milner.

Central

Johnstonville

Prospect

Raman....

Patillo

Milner's Cross Roads

Piedmont

---

Darden

TotaL.

9 9 9 8 8 8 8 --8 8 8 8 -- 8 8
--8

03 CO
$11,610 16,960 5,985 1,080 4,280 1,560 1,680 1,080 1,040 520 520 520 520
$47,355

a

eg
is

3 Ai

>>
03

>oj>5M>

oO

tf 3p

7 8-11 10 8-12
97 24 6 10 28 29
39 2 1 1 1 2

9

1

613

9

2

1

111

6.

6

3

2

21

2

12

2.

11

2.

2 -___

1.

1

1.

1

1.

1

1.

1

48~

47 36 4 41 6 16

99.... E A A AA
341 B O O B 53.... E B O
194 C O O B 52_. D B D 58_. B C B 44_. A O O 40__ B O C 29__ BEE 24__ ADD 27.. B E E 19_. A E E
980C+C+D O

10

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

LAMAR COUNTY

Age Grade Retardation

Grade

I II HI IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total

-

213 87 103 122 91 84 91 70 51 33 W~ 971

Number Accelerated

2 2 4 11 1 13 7 3 8 4

57

Number Normal

161 51 68 65 55 49 65 33 25 12 12

596

Number Retarded

50 34 31 46 35 22 19 34 18 17 13

318

% Accelerated

-- 12491274 15 12 8

6

% Normal

75 58 65 53 60 58 71 47 49 37 46

61

% Retarded

24 40 31 38 99 40 22 49 36 51 46

33

Median Age

---

- 7-2 8.6 9.3 10.6 11.6 11.8 13.1 14.9 15.5 17.1 17.1

Med. Retardation

0.3 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.6

0.1 0.9 0.5 1.1 0.1

REPORT ON LAMAR COUNTY SURVEY. BY
M. L. Duggan. As the report will show there are very few schools in this small and young county. High school pupils have been well provided for at Gordon Institute and at the Sixth District A. & M. Schools, both located within the incorporate limits of the county seat. The work of consolidating the country schools has been well planned and accomplished probably to as great an extent as could have been expected within the existence of the county. Public sentiment and the county Board of Education seem to cordially support a very active and progressive, administration. We have no recommendations to suggest as to the rural schools beyond those in contemplation. At Milner, the hall doors should be made to open outward in compliance with a recent safety law. However, a new building there is badly needed and in contem-
plation.

MARION COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

3,507 3,783

4,097 5,364

7,604 9,147

2,535 2,929

1,827 1,514

1,100 2,186

104 308

19.6 34.3

I

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918 1923

1,159 1,001

1,747 1,530

2,906 2,531

14 1

163 81

177 82

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$456,695

$1,251,675

$1,290,281

$1,162

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

11

RECORD OF MARION COUNTY BY
Oeo. D. Godard, Supervisor.

SCHOOL
Buena Vista High. Brantley Doyle Draneville. Raney Institute Tazewell Brook Ridge Burgin Dundee Evergreen Five Points Fort Perry GlenAlta Japanese Juniper Mt. Olive. Oakland Parade Springs.. Sand Hill Walker Woodland
Total
Grade

m a>

09
3
03

9 7,280

6 1,770

7

7

980

6

780

6

810

6

270

6

270

6

450

6

270

6

450

6

300

6

270

6

300

6

450

6

390

6

450

6

300

6

450

6

270

6

270

6+ $16,780

a
T<

O

8

W

a5i tic
03 , 033

7 11 4 10 27 27 2 10 28
8
5 7 8
7 7 4
7 6 8 9
7 8 8

w

P 03 to

8

62

4

22

2

11

2

.. 2

2

211

2

111

1 . .. 1

1 . ._ 1

.. 1

1

1

.. 1

.. 1

1

1 .. 1

1 .. 1 ....

1

1

1

.. 1

.. 1

4 .... 26 4 1 2 2 2 1 1 1

m

216B-- O A A

64.... O B O

43

E D D+

50.... E D D

74 D D O D--

45

EDO

21.... E D E

17 D D D E

47 D O D D

25.... D E D

68.... E D E

30.... E E D

11.... DEE

10.... E E E

30.... E D E

26... E D D

36 E E D E

41.-- E D D

44... E O D

31... E E E

21... E E E

35 35 24 11 19 16 28 26 950.. -E+ D D--

Age-Grade Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total Number AcceleratedNumber Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

213 94 108 106 105 92 93 63 43 23

947

19

3

2

5

2

5

3

1

1

3

44

130 59 58 53 37 30 31 21 27 11 4

461

64 32 48 48 66 57 59 41 15 12

442

9

3

2

5

2

5

3

1

2

43

5

61 62 53 50 35 32 33 33 63 48 57

48

30 35 45 45 63 63 64 66 35 52

47

6.9 8.4

10.9 13.6 13.5 14.5 15.6 15.6 17.1 16.3.

0.4 0.8 0.9 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 0.6 1.1.

MARION COUNTY. BY
Geo. D. Godard, Jan. 1924. The schools of Marion County have suffered because of the deplorable financial conditions prevailing for the past few years.
It would be economy to consolidate three or four small schools in places, and employ a smaller number of stronger teachers. Many of the school houses are patched and ill lighted.
Many of the teachers, white and colored, are not trained and therefore render inferior service. The colored schools need better buildings, and more equipment.
The sparse settlement of the population, and the inadequacy of funds, houses and equipment, all tend to make progress in education difficult. Consolidation and better roads will help solve the problem.
The most outstanding needs of the High School in Buena Vista are: adequate library facilities; and suitable playground equipment.

12

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

TALBOT COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years

School Years

Years

1920 1910

3,163 3,466

7,995 8,230

11,158 11,696

3,852 3,695

2,359 1,899

1,723 2,528

160 335

21.6 30.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

897

1923

864

Colored

Total

White

2,713

3,610

3

2,496

3,360

5

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
105 71

Total
108 76

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$663,462

$1,378,494

$289,915

RECORD OF TALBOT COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor, Jan. 1924.

$1,606

SCHOOL

Talbotton Consolidated

Woodland

"

Junction City "

Geneva-Box Spgs. "

Shiloh

Total

Grade
Totai Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

01
a

"3
CO

9 $6,770

9 4,725

7 2,502

7 1,470

7

448

7+ $15,915

a

r< co

03

H

P .2

p

<2 co

cs ,
do

go

W

co

10 11 10 9 1 8 2 3 14 301 O B E B

7 11 7 7 .... 3 4 6 3 14 196 0-- BOB

4 10 5 5.... 4 1 2 12 3 132 O O A D

3 10 3 2 1 2 1 3 4 1 93CDCD

.... 11

33.... C

24 .... 25 23 2 17 8 14 19 32 755..-.0+D+ O

Age Grade Retardation

I II HI IV V VI VII VIII IX

X XI Total

121 69 83 67 76 83 60 59 60 45 32

755

323587866

7

57

96 60 54 44 46 43 23 32 37 26 15

476

22 7 26 18 22 33 29 21 17 17 10

222

2 3 4 7 10 8 13 10 10 4

7

79 87 63 65 60 52 38 54 61 53 59

63

19 10 33 28 30 40 49 36 29 43 39

30

- 6.8 7.8 9.1 10.3 11.5 12.6 13.9 14.4 15.4 16.6 17.4..

-

0.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.4..

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

13

TALBOT COUNTY. BY
Geo. D. Godard, Jan. 1924.
A survey of the schools of Talbot County shows the following facts: 1. That of 864 children of school age (white) as shown by the census (1923), 755 are enrolled in the
four white schools of the county, including 33 attending a county line school in Harris County. 2. That 32 young men and women are attending college outside the county. 3. That every white child in the county has access to a graded school taught in not less than a
three teacher school, and all high school pupils have access to a Junior or a Senior High School. 4. That the compulsory attendance law is being rigidly enforced; and-- 5. That regardless of broken country and some bad roads, the white children of the county are
successfully transported to four white schools (Talbotton, Woodland, Junction City and Geneva Box-Springs consolidated.) It is further noted that new school houses are greatly needed at Talbotton and Geneva. It is recommended, since longer term schools are needed, that each of the four consolidated school districts levy a local tax to supplement the State and County funds which are inadequate to run schools more than seven months. Bonds should be issued to construct buildings as above mentioned. It is further recommended that some consolidations in negro schools be made in such a way as not to involve transportation. This could be accomplished by some relocation of school centers. Further, some arrangement should be made to build and equip some buildings for colored schools. The County Board of Education has in vogue a budget system of apportionment whereby a deficit incurred by the inauguration of the system of consolidated schools is being gradually reduced. This plan is highly commendable at all times and especially under present conditions.

TAYLOR COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School Years

16-20 Per Cent Years

1920 1910

5,952 5,460

5,521 5,379

11,473 10,839

3,640 3,375

2,877 2,183

1,447 1,911

157 233

17.6 25.2

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

;

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

1,861

1,929

3,790

1923

1,930

2,311

4,247

53

61

29

36

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$717,403

$1,552,443

$202,835

$1,788

f 14

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF TAYLOR COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor.

SCHOOL

Butler

Reynolds

-

Rupert

--

Central

Orowell's

Pattersville

Turner

Wesley...

---

Charing.--

Five Points.

Peacock.

Pine Burr

Rhodes ---

Bethlehem

Howard

Mauk

Warwick

Total

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded. Median Age Med. Retardation

9 9 8 7 7 9
6 --- 7
7
-- 7 7 7
6 6
7 7 6

wanac3
5,985 8,625 2,040 1,120 1,885 3,110 1,020
840 330 880 420 740 540 300 350 525 360

tao
a
o
o

o

fc

W

01

a

03 OH

a

03^

1a1

is

H

8 11 8 8 .. 6 2

.. 8 274D-- D A B

9 11 10 10

91

- 28 233 E B A A

43

4 ...

0 0 147 E E O C

3 ...

8

94 E D O E

1 -... 86 D O D O

128 DOC

3

111 E E O D

32

82 O E D

25

53 E O D D

41 ODE

62.. E D E

43.. E E E

46.. E D E

35.. E D D

36 E D D D

24 E E E D

28 O D-- E

7+ $29,070 49

52 39 13 36 16 30 23 37 1523

Age-Grade Ketardation

D D+D +

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

317 181 183 168 186 149 124 95 63

15

7

7

9

8

6

6

4

4

227 103 85 77 72 67 49 38 27

75 71 91 82 106 76 69 53 33

5

4

4

5

4

4

5

4

6

71 57 46 45 38 45 39 40 43

24 39 50 50 58 51 56 56 51

7.1 8.6 9.9 10.9 12.3 13.4 14.3 15.2 16.

0.1 0.6 0.9 .9 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.

40 3 26 11 7 65 28 16.4 0.4

18 1
14 3 5 77 18 16.8.

1524 70
785 669
4 51 45

REPORT ON TAYLOR COUNTY SURVEY. BY
J. O. Martin.
Much improvement has been made in the schools of Taylor County during the past five years. Eighteen schools have been consolidated and there have been some changes for the better at all of the remaining schools.
Butler, the county seat, has built a modern one-story unit type building, which is well equipped. The school is well organized and is doing splendid work as the county high school. Reynolds has brought her standard up to the first class on the accredited list. This speaks for itself. Many of the county schools rank above the average in efficient work done, also.
The teachers of the whole system show an increased interest in the classroom work and county progress. They are constantly improving themselves by attending summer schools. They are aiding the cause by giving better service in schools and by urging consolidation where it is possible.
The county superintendent is young, active, and enthusiastic, and seems to be doing his best to build up an adequate system. Every district in the county, excepting three, has voted a local tax of five mills. This is in addition to the county wide tax of five mills levied by the County Board of Education, who seem to be standing firm for better schools.
A continuation of the policy of consolidation, where it is practical; the building of better houses; the employment of trained teachers; the prompt enforcement of the compulsory attendance law, are the main items for the Board and Superintendent to keep in mind.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

15

UPSON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

7,526

7,257

14,783

4,712

3,344

1,882

200

17.5

1910

5,759

6,998

12,757

3,948

2,430

1,924

198

21.2

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yxs.

White

1918

2,382

1923

3,185

Colored

Total

White

3,684

6,066

11

3,084

6,269

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored 62 15

Total 73 15

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$2,221,428

$2,371,070

$279,708

RECORD OF UPSON COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor, Jan. 1924.

$2,527

SCHOOL

a

CO

PI o

is

so W>

TM AS

CO ,

3 CO

S5

W

03



R. E. Lee Institute.

9 $14,610 18 12 16 15 1 11 5 10 20 535 B-- B B A

R. E. Lee Annex-.--

Yatesville

Crest

-

Atwater--

Ben Hill--

Jeff Davis.--

The Rook

Burkett-

Pickard

Andrews

Fairview

Gordon

Lanier

Monticello

Pleasant Valley

Rowland

Sunny Side

9

9

-9

7

-

7

7

9

7

7

6

7

--- 6

--- 7

7

7

-7

-7

4,320

---

1,960

1,400



1,365 1,050

2,205

875

1,050

460

420

480

490

490

400

490

450

9 7 9 4 5 2 7 6 10

567 O E D D

6 10

2 4 2 2 4 2 174 C-- B C O

4 10

1 4 .. 4

90 C-- C O C

3 10

21

2

53 C-- O D D

38

23

3

70 C-- E D D

39

32

1

85 0-- E D D

4 10

4 1 95 O-- B D D

2

3

46_ E D D

2

51 E-- E D D

1

15 D D O

1

16 B D E

2

24E-- E D D

1 1 1 1

10 1

27.... E D B 22.... E D O 21-- ODD 14. E D E

2

1

29 E-- E D D

I

TotaL.

7+ $32,515 64 59 37 22 38 21 37 41 26 1934 D D+O-

16
Grade

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS UPSON COUNTY
Age-Grade Retardation II III IV V VI VII VIII IX

XI XII Total

Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

471 220 200 257 206 156 115 119 62 36

14 2 8 5

14222

229 109 12 112

74 61 54 48 23

158 109 90 140 116 81 50 63 12 11

6142463 135

61 49+ 51 43 43 50 53 45 77 63 50

33 49+ 45 55 53 44 44 54 20 32 50

7.4 8.9 9.8 11.2 12.2 13.1 13.7 15.1 15.3 16.5 17

0.4 0.9 0.8 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.7 1.1 0.3 0.5

24 1,874

8

49

16

991

834

3

2

66

53

31

45

17.3-

UPSON COUNTY. BY
J. O. Martin, Jan. 1924.
There are three things that stand out in the public schools of Upson County, viz: a library for every school; standard framed pictures for every school; and a name for nearly every school that has some educational significance and value. Also that there has been an effort made to beautify the rooms in order that they may appear attractive to the children and teachers. In at least these respects Upson County forges ahead of the majority of her sister counties. This is due to the efforts of the county school Superintendent. They have new buildings at Thomaston, Crest and The Rock, and plans are made for a new building at Yatesville, where a large consolidation has been made.
Further consolidation is badly needed in a number of communities, but this will be impossible and impraticable until better roads are built--this is not easily done in this county.
Further consolidation where practical; the levying of a larger amount of county local tax; an increase in the amount of teachers' salaries; a continuously taught term; more attention paid to improved plans for new school buildings; a strict enforcement of the compulsory attendance law, are the main recommendations--as seen from the survey.
The county Board, the County School Superintendent and the teachers seem to be laboring in harmony for the upbuilding of the schools and county system.

WASHINGTON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Year8

Per Oen

1920

11,742

16,404

28,146

8,787

6,346

4,129

430

20.1

1910

10,781

17,393

28,174

8,821

5,236

4,850

621

24.3

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates ovei 10 Yrs.

White

1923

3,369

1918

3,433

Colored
5,170 5,461

Total
8,539 8,894

White
26 14

Colored 281 214

Total
307 228

GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

17

Personal

RECORD OF WASHINGTON COUNTY TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Polls

$2,025,066

$4,075,396

$1,116,520

$3,337

RECORD OF WASHINGTON COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, Sarah M. Duggan, Euri B. Bolton and W. B. Hill, Supervisors.

SCHOOL

t*Sandersville High

Sandersville Elementary

fT*TeennnnililUeeEHleimghentary

Deepstep

Davisboro

Riddleville

Harrison

Warthen...

Oconee

Pringle

Bethany

Downs

Indian Hill

Irwin's Cross Roads

Nancy

New Bethel

Pleasant Springs

Tabernacle

Union

Widsom

Buffalo

Centerville..

Oentralia

Concord

Cox

Elkins .-

Hill Top

-

Lindsay

May's

Midway

Moss Springs...

Pleasant Grove....

Shiloh

Smith's Grove.

Victor

Total..

CO
cd>

Oaoo)

si

a

o

18
03

9
9 9 9
8 9 8 8
8 6 6 6
6 6 7
6 7 .6
6 6 6
6 6 6
6 6 6 7 6 6 6 6 6
7 6
6

$7,500
5,940 4,500 4,725
4,000 4,365 3,320 3,360
3,400 1,500 1,770 1,260
1,275 1,260 1,435
750 785 690
690 840 690
270 420 360
330 360 330 420 330 360 420 360 330
490 420
420

6+ $59,675

10 8-11 87 4 8-11 77 7 10 7 11 6 10 6 11 5 10 49 4 10 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 1 2 2
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 7 7 7 7 8

6

8

4

7

52

6

51

51

5

22

31

3

3

3

3

3

21

213

2 .... 2

112

2

2

2

2 .... 2

2

2

2

2 .... 2

1

1

1

106 .102 88 14 94 8 42

P tf

pq

159. 274
76 158. 254
178. 176.
176. 140 E 133..
106.. 788858.. 80.. 52_. 56..
45.. 54..
42.. 56.. 2219..
27..
1620..
352226..
26.. 22.. 282738.. 17.. 24-

CBA BBA OBA BOO DAD BBB DE D
ODE DEC DDE DE E ODE EEE
EEE CBE ODE OEE BE E EEE DE E DDE
EEE DDE DDE
DE
E DE EEE EEE ODE E OD OEE BED DEE OED DDO
.... E E

.2808.. DDE

MM

18
Grade

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS WASHINGTON COUNTY
Age Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

Total

Total Number Accelerated. Number Normal __ Number Retarded% Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

487 298 300 356 265 245 230 207 135 102 65 2,690

25 13 20 26 21 6 11 8 16 8 7

161

351 192 171 183 123 130 101 91 77 63 43 1,525

Ill 93 109 147 121 109 118 108 42 31 15 1,004

55778254 12 8 11

6

72 64 57 51 46 53 44 44 57 62 66

56

23 31 36 42 46 45 51 52 31 30 23

38

6.1 8.4 9.5 10.6 12.2 12.8 14.1 15.1 15.4 16.6 17.2.

0.4 0.5 0.6 1.2 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.4 0.6 0.2.

REPORT ON WASHINGTON COUNTY. BY
M. L. Duggan, More than half of the children in the rural schools of Washington County are more than two years over normal age for their grades and also from one to two years below the average or median of achievement or thoroughness in the subjects of their grades. More than half of the teachers in the rural schools are teaching their first terms in these schools and more than half of them are entirely without professional training. The majority of these schools are without adequate teaching equipment, and most of these school houses are much below the average standard in construction, while some of them are positively uncomfortable and unsatisfactory. These teaching conditions and teaching force account largely for the above stated unsatisfactory educational results. The responsibility of planning and building these school houses and of selecting these teachers has been left largely to the local whims and prejudices of "Tom, Dick and Harry", which probably accounts for the fact that the county public school system has not made progress that has been accomplished in some other public interests of this good county, or in other counties of the state. Responsibility and authority assumed and exercised by intelligent central administration is thought to be the only remedy. Where, as results of consolidation conditions are more favorable, educational results are more satisfactory. There are still many consolidations that ought to be effected.

WEBSTER COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending

Years

School

Over 10 Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

2,262

3,080

5,342

1,732

1,100

793

70

20.9

1910

1,969

4,182

6,151

2,006

1,184

1,173

125

27.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

646

1923

723

Colored
1,070 1,038

Total
1,716 1,761

White
7 1

Colored
77 10

Total
84 11

Personal

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS WEBSTER COUNTY

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

19
Polls

$313,983

$1,015,670

$291,724

RECORD OF WEBSTER COUNTY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor, Jan. 1924.

a

SCHOOL
Preston Weston UnionHigh Enterprise Seminole Chenubbee
Total
Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded MedianAge Med Retardation

ID

.-H 03 03

9 $ 5,075

9

4,545

8

2,240

8

960

8

800

8

400

8+ $14,020

p.

03

03
A.2

11 11 10 4 2
22 2 ...
J1

20

22 18

23 45 14 11 11 11
4 12 10 15

03 W)

fl o

cq

205B-- O C B

151 E B A C

__ 146 E E O D

._ 33

E DD

33

A D--D--

17 B D E

585. C O-- D

Age-Grade Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI

Total

97 80 78 65 66 49 42 48 26 19 15

585

4

8

6

4

5

2

3

6

4

4

6

52

79 48 46 36 23 25 22 18 14

8

4

323

14 24 26 25 38 22 17 24

8

7

5

210

4 10

7

6

7

4

7 12 15 21 40

8

81 60 59 55 35 51 52 38 54 42 26

55

15 30 34 39 58 45 41 50 31 37 34

37

6.8 8.1 9.1 10.5 12.3 12.8 13.5 14.0 15.3 16.1 16.7...

0.1 0.1 0.5 1.3 0.8 0.5_

0.3 0.1

WEBSTER COUNTY. BY
Geo. D. Godard, Jan. 1924.
Recommendations: 1. Increase the county-wide tax from 2.5 mills to 5 mills and make it possible for districts to reduce
their levy. This will give the management of the schools more fully into the hands of th County Board of Education, thus centralizing the control of the schools. 2. Some further consolidation in the interest of both educational results and financial econo my.
3. A closer supervision of schools. 4. The negro schools are in a pitiable condition and should have better houses and better teachers. 5. A complete rearrangement of school district lines is needed on the west side of the county.

*

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-arMonth by the Department of Education
N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1933, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Act of October 3,1917, authorized October 5,1933.

Vol. 1

Atlanta, March 1, 1924

No. 9

TAX RECEIVER CANNOT RECEIVE COMMISSION ON SCHOOL TAX.

In the case of the Board of Education of Decatur County vs. Drake, the Supreme Court has held

that the law does not provide a commission to the Tax Receiver on the school tax. The Court held that

two different sections of the School Laws provide for paying a commission to the tax collector in compensation for his services in connection with the collection of the school taxes; while there is no provision

for paying the tax receiver. It was further held that there is good ground for making the distinction

between the tax collector and the tax receiver in regard to their compensation. The tax collector not

only computes the tax but collects it. He discharges real and substantial duties in regard to this fund,

while the tax receiver has no duties in regard thereto. The computing and collecting of the tax adds nothing to the labor performed in making up the digest. His labors are exactly the same as if this fund

was not collected at all.

CERTIFICATION OF TEACHERS.

The new plan of certification of teachers was published in the School Items of February first. We have received many words of congratulation and commendation upon this new plan and feel sure that the more, as it goes into operation, its real worth will grow upon the teachers of Georgia. Indeed, we have received only one criticism and I believe that this is due in part to a misunderstanding.
Under the new plan a professional certificate depends upon three things: First, Educational qualifications; Second, Training; Third, Experience.
Heretofore a professional certificate has been issued to graduates of normal schools and other schools doing the necessary work in education. While this work will be endorsed Upon the provisional certificate issued to those graduates, yet it can not be converted into a professional certificate until they
show three years of successful teaching. Let us take two classes of students,--one a graduate from a Standard Junior College, without any
work in education; the other, a graduate from a normal school, who does the same academic work of the graduate of the Junior College, yet in addition, has done the required work in education. Both, in the beginning, receive the provisional certificate, with this difference--that there is endorsed upon the certificate of the normal graduate the work that has been done in education. Before the graduate of the standard Junior College may obtain a professional certificate he must teach succassf ally for at least three years and must do the required work in education at approved summer schools. If, at the end of three years, this work in education has not been completed the provisional certificate will be extended, but it can never be converted into a professional certificate until the necessary work in education has been completed. The graduate of the normal school, having done the required academic work, as well as the work in education, which is endorsed upon the provisional certificate need only successfully teach for three years and then, automatically, this provisional certificate is converted into a professional one.
Let it be known that no professional certificate will be issued without first having had the minimum experience of three years and the required work in education, certified to by approved schools and col-
leges.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
BLANKS FOR THE TEACHERS' CERTIFICATES.
Blank applications for the new certificates will be ready by the latter part of March and distributed at that time to the superintendents of schools, or they may be obtained, by direct application, from this office. Applicants should be very careful in filling out these blanks as all answers will be closely scrutinized by the Board of Examiners, and where evidence is required of graduation, etc., original certificates from Deans and Registrars of schools must be furnished. The diploma must not be sent, but simply the certificate of the Registrar. None of these applications will be considered by the Board of Examiners before May first.
SEVENTH GRADE QUESTIONS.
The questions for the seventh grade examinations have already been printed and are ready for distribution. These should be distributed through the county superintendents. We would therefore appreciate it if the county superintendents, who expect to use these questions would make the requisition as early as possible for the number required in their schools. They ought not to be sent direct to teachers.
CONVENTION OF CITY AND COUNTY SCHOOL OFFICIALS.
For the last two years this convention has met in conjunction with the Georgia Teachers' Association. Just what should be done this year, I want the school officials to determine. Therefore, I would be pleased if you would write me at your earliest convenience just whether you think it would be wise that this convention continue to meet with the Georgia Teachers' Association, or at some other place and seme other time. Also, suggest anything that you think should be on the program. Write me just what you think is best in this matter and I will act accordingly.

GEOBGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
BIBB COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

3f
Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10 '" 16-20 ' Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

38,275

33,025

71,300

16,889

12,835

7,631

506

13.2

1910

29,160

27,481

56,641

14,047

8,780

5,483

407

12.3

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

10,407

1923

10,642

Personal

Colored

Total

White

8,822

19,229

8

8,847

19,489

19

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
75 169

Total
83 188

Polls

$12,68 1,005

533,395,350

$7,668,292

RECORD OF BIBB COUNTY BY
J. E. Mathis and Miss Rebecca Hearn, Feb. 1924.

$16,321

SCHOOL

tLanierHigh

Alexander I

Alexander II

Alexander III

Bellevue

Clisby

Ft. Hawkins

Gresham

John W. Burke

Newburg

Virgil Powers

Whittle

Winship

Open Air

Howard High

Lizella.

...

Rutland

Union High

Cross Keys

Franklinton

McCrary...

Newcastle

Appleton Church Home

St. Joseph's.

Total

esgi
P oJ

<D Pi
t-i >> 03 s C3-3
+3 nM do fc i-l


3*
30

9 9 9 9
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9+

$88,100 50 8-11 54 54

45 9 13

8,490 8 7 7 7

611

16,685 14 7 14 14

12 2 5

9,900 8 7 8 8

623

10,415 8 7 9 9

72 1

22,515 16 7 18 18

17 1 2

17,565 17 7 15 15

13 2 2

12,175 12 7 10 10

82 1

24,165 24 7 21 21

18 3 1

9,865 8 7 9 9

54

17,290 17 7 15 15 .... 11 4 3

14.595 10 7 12 12 .... 8 4 2

23,670 17 7 19 19

17 2 1

1,100 1 7 1 1

1

4,690 6 11

4 ... 3 1

8,350 8 11

7 ... 7 .. 1

9,875 ' 8 11

533

7,740 6 11

6

1

2,420 2 7

2 .. 2

1,265

17

1 .. 1 .... 1

880 2 7

1 ._ __. 1 1

880 1 7

1 .. ._. 1 1

16

1 ._ 1

1

4

4 __

1561

EBA

281A+ B C A

515A+ A B-- A

269A+ B B-- A

400A+ E B A

692A+ B A A

568A+ B A A

351A+ A B-- A

797 A+ D A A

318A+ B C A

569A+ D A A

402A+ A B-- A

714A+ B A A

25.... E C D

134 B B A

282B-- C B A

323 D B C A

247B-- D B A

88 B C+ B

35.... B C B

25 B D C O
20 C c o

22 B

95 B

9 $312,630 249 .247 247 0 199 44 44 .122 8733 C+B--A--

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
Age-Grade Retardation

I II HI IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI

13b8
186 945 237
13 70 17 6.7

975 1120 1040
80 98 91 606 657 611 289 365 338
89 62 59 58 30 32 33 8.1 9.3 10.2
0.1 0.3 0.2

924 77 495 352
8 53 39 11.4
0.4

832 85 445 302 10 53 37 12.3
0.3

719 54 412 253
8 57 35 13.3
0.3

658 44 360 254
7 55 38 14.6
0.6

488 33 295 160
7 60 33 15.5
0.5

329
29
225 75 9 68 23 16.4
0.4

281 28 202 51 10 72 18 17.1.
0.1.

Total
8,734 805
5,253 2,676
9 60 31

SURVEY OF BIBB COUNTY BY
J. E. Mathis and Miss Rebecca Hearn. Fifty-two years ago, by a special act of the legislature, public schools were established for the county of Bibb, which should "extend impartially the benefits of the same to different sections of the county,
due regard being had to difference in population." Constitutions and creeds set up ideals of conduct sometimes impossible, nearly always improbable
of achievement. In a very large measure the Board of Education has carried out this provision. The city schools
with one or two exceptions are housed in attractive buildings with all modern equipment necessary to the physical comfort and the educational advantage of the children, and the teachers are well selected
as to preparation for their work. It would be remarkable if this county and city did not have a most excellent system of public schools,
where there is so high an appreciation of education, as is evidenced by those splendid institutions of
higher learning, Mercer, Wesleyan and Mt. De Sales. Under the zealous and capable leadership of the present superintendent, the county schools for
whites, with three exceptions, have been put upon a standard basis. When he came to the Superintendency there were twenty-six white schools outside of the city of Macon.
Twenty-three of these have been consolidated into four schools, all having the same course of study as the city schools, where the marked interest and professional spirit of the teachers, with the bright eyed, clean, mentally alert children compare most favorably with the city schools, the equal of any in the state.
Organized clinics, medical inspection, with provisions for corrective measures and pioper nourishment, with proper play and exercise are working wonders in the physical welfare of the children in all the
schools, city and county. Conditions in these three one teacher schools are the dark spots on an otherwise beautiful picture.
In no respect do the children in these schools have "equal benefits", due regard being had to difference in population of the respective districts. If these three schools could be eliminated by consolidation with Ft. Hawkins, and supervisors for the county schools provided, then in the white schools, at least,
there would be "equality of benefits." The colored schools are housed in buildings owned by the county, none in churches or lodges. Al-
ready plans are under way for their further improvement. The enriched course of study in the High School offers exceptional opportunity to its pupils to fit
themselves for business, for the trades or for admission to any standard college. The over crowding at Lanier is to be reUeved soon by a modern High School, now being erected to
cost approximately $375,000. High School boys and girls will then be separated, boys occupying the new building and the girls remaining at Lanier. This will not only improve teaching conditions, but it will make it easier to keep the building neater than now. High School boys and gills should have a greater civic pride than to Utter corridors with lunch papers and to deface laboratory walls.
School surveys everywhere reveal many imperfections, which were known to the administrators beforehand. The real trouble is set out in a recent article in the New Republic, as follows:
"Almost all teachers are painfully alive to their duty to instruct effeciently the children under their charge. A large proportion of them suffer chronically under a sense of failure. Teaching in such large classes as are inevitable in the modern public schools produces results that no one regards as satisfactory. Education is one field in which the methods of mass production are disastrous".
Conditions will be ideal and results satisfactory when the people who support the schools make
possible the abandonment of the method of mass production.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
CHARLTON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

7
Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending School

Over 10 Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

3,588

948

4,536

1,431

1,126

307

3,533

1,189

4,722

1,359

625

752

30 97

9.5 22.3

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,162

1923

1,204

Personal $465,912

Colored

Total

White

259

1,421

315

1,519

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

$1,223,610

$1,030,121

RECORD OF CHARLTON COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, Jan. 1924.

Colored
11 9

Total
14 11

Polls $737

SCHOOL
Folkston St. George Trader's HillMoniac Winokur Billy's Island. Uptonville-- Sardis Prescott Sandusky Johnson Racepond Lyons Riverview Screven Kennison

m5
EH C8
05 CO
5,885 3,440
630 660 750 820 660 330 300 300 330 450 280 300 360 300

B
o O
o
9 11

Total

6 $15,795 32

HThis school being consolidated with St. George.

Si 03

P OS

4

4

3

2

11

2

2

__ 1

1

2

.. 1

2

11

2

1 ...

1 .. 1 1

1

.. 1

1 -_ 1 ...... 1

1

... 1

1

1

1

1

1 ..

... 1

1 ..

1

1 ....

33 25 8 21 12 24

rt
03 W>
03-3

267 A D

217 C E

59.... E

58

E

78

E

96

E

71

E

40

E

32

A

16

E

30

E

36

12

32

34.... E

27.... E

a
S3
=30
pq
EA CA CC BD
D D OD OD ED EE DD DE EE CC DE EE

1105.... E D D



mmmm

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

CHARLTON COUNTY

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI

257 157 154 141 123 64 57 40 12

12 11

1

1

7 21

4

1

152

55

53

44

30

26

14 ~16~

O 'J

93 91 100 96 86 17 39 24

8

5

7

1

1

6 33

7

8

40

59 35 38 31 24 41 25 ~40~ 25 60 60

36 58 61 68 70 26 68 60 67 40

7.5 9.4 10.7 12.0 13.1 11. e 15.3 15.6 16.5 16.5 16.5.

I 0.5 1.4 1.7 2.0 2.1

2.3 1.6 1.5 0.5

Total
1,015 60
399 556
6 39 55

REPORT ON CHARLTON COUNTY SURVEY BY
E. A. Pound. There are in trie county 17 white schools and 3 colored schools. There are less than four hundred colored children in the county. There is a sentiment to the effect that the school at Trader's Hill and the Folkston schools should be combined and money secured perhaps from the Rosenwald Fund in order to develop a good school and a first-class building. The county has wisely discontinued all eighth grades in country schools and is transporting all of the high school pupils to a convenient high school. The per capita cost for high school education in this county is too high, amounting to over $90.00. There is a move on foot to consolidate the county superintendency with the principalships of the Folkston and St. George schools in order that per capita expense may be cut down and the work of the county high schools coordinated properly with elementary schools.
Teachers in rural schools heed advantages offered by summer schools.

Population

CLINCH COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored Total

'6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920 1910

5,027

2,957

7,984

2,373

1,876

873

102

15.

5,046

3,378

*8,424

2,384

1,040

1,234

153

20.7

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,478

1923

1,250

Personal
**.- 4
$762,056

Colored

Total

White

78 a

2,263

4

76 3

2,010

2

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
16 15

Land

Corporation

$1,601,567

$1,112,066

Total 20 17
Polls $1,060

*Lanier County was taken from Clinch since 1918.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF CLINCH COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor.

SCHOOL
Homerville Cogdell DuPont Union High Camp Creek Fargo Midway.. Abbeville Anthon Bird Pond Colon Council Kendriek LakeVern Lees Bay Lyken Register Shiloh Stalvey Strickland Tomlinson Touchton TyTy Withers-
Total
Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

a



OS

03 M

5?rt

03 CO

9 $ 5,355

6 1,380

6 1,690

6 1,290

6

480

6

840

6

540

6

270

6

300

6

300

6

210

6

480

6

270

6

215

6

270

6

360

6

312

6

300

6

225

6

180

6

225

6

270

6

270

6

210

6 11 3
2 10
3 10
27
27
28 16 17 16 16 17 17 17
16
18 16 17 16 12 17 17 17
17

P 3o3
6

41
32 2
22 21 1 1 1 1
11 1 1 1
1 1 1
1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 -.

.... 1 1 1
1 -_ 1 -. 1 .. 1
1 -..

03

do

36

15

n

4

227C-- O B A

3

105 C-- E C 0

59C-- E B c

2

101 C-- C C C

2

46 E C C

1

60

CDC

2

61 E C D

1

21C-- E B E

1

26 E C E

1

23

ODD

9

C DE

IIZIIZZI 27~.~.~.l DDE

22 DEE

12

E DE

18 E D E

24

E CE

14

E DE

34 E C D

17 E D D

7 DCE

30.-- E D E
27 D C D

25 E C E

22. D D.. E

6+ $16,242 37 39 19 20 26 13 24

.1017. D C--D-

Age-Grade Retardation

I II III IV

VI VII VIII IX X XI

aoo 138 127 119 109 109 83 32 13 19

33

8

3

7 10

6

4

3

2

1

1

157 59 54 42 31 32 35 12 8 12 5

70 71 70 70 68 71 44 17

3

6

2

12 5

2

6 10

6

5

9 15

5 12

52 42 42 35 28 29 42 38 62 63 62

36 53 56 59 72 65 53 53 23 32 26

7.1 9.4 10.2 11.4 12.6 13.9 14.1 15.1 14.7 16.5 17.0

0.1 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.1 1.1

0.5

Total
1,017 78
447 492
8 44 48

REPORT ON CLINCH COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard. After a survey of the public schools of Clinch County, it is found that while the county is not supplied with a great number of suitable school buildings the delay in this part of the program has been caused by lack of funds and by the feeling on the part of the Board of Education and county superintendent of schools that certain consolidations of schools are desirable and possible in the near future. The compulsory attendance law is being fairly well enforced as the record of enrollment in the schools will show. The teachers in this county are paid promptly at the end of each month, which gives some degree of spirit and inspiration to the teachers and patrons. The county school Board is out of debt, as they have adopted the budget system and adhere strictly to it. Five school houses have been recently or are now under construction or re-construction, all work being done according to plans approved by the State Department. It is recommended that the schools be more widely consolidated, that the school districts'be enlarged accordingly for the purpose of taxation locally, and that these districts vote a local^tax in each district for the following purposes:

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

CLINCH COUNTY

1. For the construction of suitable school buildings. 2. For supplementing salaries of teachers so that the term of schools may be longer. 3. Tor the purpose of defraying transportation expenses which should be incurred in carrying

their larger children to the county high school; and-- 4. For other unforeseen purposes which might arise in the necessary effort to give the children
of the districts an equal educational opportunity with other children who are more fortu-

nately situated.



COOK COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

1920 *1910
1918 1923

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White 7,904

Colored 3,276

Total 11,180

6-18 Years
\ 3,720

Attending School
3,069

Over 10 Years
625

16-20 Years
54

Per Cent 5.1

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

2,672

1,237

3,909 TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Total

Personal
$682,109 -Organized since 1910.

Land $2,292,180

Corporation $578,944

COOK COUNTY

Polls $1,367

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade I II m IV

VI VD Vm K X XI XII XIII Total

Total

556 253 302 343~

No. Accelerated

55 16 10 15

No. Normal.

349 116 128 142

No. Retarded._

152 121 164 186

%Acceierated

10 6 3 4

%Normal

63 45 42 41

%Retarded

27 49 55 55

Median Age

7.2 8.9 10.2 11.

Med. Retardation..-_ 0.2 0.9 1.2 1.

3U6 188 195 140 56

7

6

5

5.

92 67 59 51 "27"

207 115 131 84 29

2

3

2

4.

30 35 30 36 ~4<T"

68 62 68 60 51

12.8 13.5 14.9 15.5 16.7

1.8 1.5 1.9 1.5 1.7

42 3
25 14
7 60
33 16.5 0.5

41 29

3

1

23 19

16 9

5

3

59 65

36 32

17.4f 18.5

0.4*>0.5

11
1
3 7 9 27 64 20.2. 1.2_

2,462 126
1,101 1,235
5 44 51

GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF COOK COUNTY

SCHOOL

AdelPublic Sparks Public Sparks

Lenox

Brushy Creek

Cross Roads--West.

Forest Hill

Lone Oak

Massee

---

Branson

Cecil

Centre Cross Roads--East

Greggs

Grovania.

Jones Lone Star...

Pine Bloom

Pine Ridge

Withlacoocb.ee

Bartow

Chestnut Hill

Evergreen

Fellowship

Hart Pine

Medford

OakRidge

Spring Head

Union

Varn

Salem

Total

a
<<J>

>>
03

W

a a

n

03 a? 6D

^0

CO

P 03

13

9 $8,550 9 9 13,700

12 11 11 10 4844
7/ Jr. I 11 10 \Col.

744 221 83

11 357 B C B B 143 E B C C 115 C E .... A

6

1,890

5 85

-

6 6
6 6
6

1,050 1,020 1,050 1,050 1,020

383 383 383 383 383

6

750

272

6

750

282

6 -6
6

750

282

750 3 7 2

750 2 8 2

6

750 2 10 2

6

750 2

2

6
6 6 6

750 1 720 1 725 2 750 2

2 2
2 2

6

390

16

6 6
6 - -6
6 6 6
6

420 1 7

420

18

390

17

450 2 8

420

17

420 1 7

390

19

390

17

6

390

17

2413

181 E E E D

13

2.

79- E D D

1 1 2 1 1 .... 128C-- E D D

2

13

111.... D D O

"i"

13 22

96.... E D E 89.... E E E

1

1

2 .... 49.... }'i Ii E

1 "2" 2 .... 57.... D D D

12

73.... E D E

2 2 3.. 61--. E D E

2

2 7 .. 56.... E D D

1 "I"

56.... E E E

11

85 C- C D E

2

65.... E D E

12
"i" 2

76.... DEE 70-- E E E

1

61-- E E E

1

51-- E D E

1

77-. E E E

39C- DEE

38-- C E E

1 ...

42... E D E

1 1...

33-- E C D

1

27... B E E

1

39... E E E

1

2 .. 26... E D E

1

27... E D E

51-- D

... 6+ $41,605 .75.. 78 57 21 45 33 42 18 11 2458 E E E+

REPORT ON COOK COUNTY SURVEY
BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor

After a survey of the schools of Cook County, the following obstacles to the work are found :

1. The great number of schools. 2. Lack of funds to run schools proper length of time.
3 Larger support to employ a higher class of teachers. 4. Attendance is lowered by the financial depression and consequent poverty easting among

the people.

Recommendations:

. . . . __.

1 Several good consolidations of schools may, and can be had, upon a very economical basis not

involving large expenditures for transportation. (Four of these are already planned, being

delayed on account of the depression of the times.)

2. Better houses and larger equipment should be had. 3 A county Primary Supervisor would be of inestimable value. i. The cause of non-attendance in large measure lies in the fact that the children are not prop-

5 The two^e'cial systems, Adel and Sparks, within the limit of Cook County could be properly merged in district systems, thereby bringing unity into the work and enlarging the oppor-
tunities of all the children by consolidation. The Negro County Training School is functioning well.

10

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

EFFINGHAM COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

5,975

4,010

9,985

3,504

2,691

828

76

11.3

1910

5,693

4,278

9,971

2,908

1,743

1,508

173

21.1

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

1,897

1,620

3,517

15

73

1923

2,134

1,676

3,810

1

7

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

81,088,677

$2,089,942

$1,686,016

RECORD OF EFFINGHAM COUNTY

Age-Grade Retardation

$1,682

Grade

II III IV V VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

Total
Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal
%Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

352 180 209 260 242 216 164 123 106 76 38

1,966

33 11 22 28 10 15 10 11 14

8

3

165

245 126 116 106 107 92 69 46 55 37 20

1,019

74 43 71 126 125 109 85 66 37 31 15 ' 782

9 69 22

6 70 24

10 55 35

10 40 50

4 44 52

7 42 51

6 42 52

9 37 54

13 51 46

10
48 42

82 Efc 8
52 it l| I 51 40 * fe Isr 41

6.8 8.1 9.2 10.1 12.1 13.1 14.8 15.1 15.3 16.7 17.6

0.1 0.2 0.1 1.1 1.1

1.1 0.3 0.7 0.6_

I

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

11

RECORD OF EFFINGHAM COUNTY BY
I. S. Smitt-i, Supervisor, Jan. 1924.

Satis. License
Unsatls. 2+
Experience
2--

SCHOOL

en

CD

a
M

8

CD

EH

CO

a CO

M

3CO
o o 03

CD cS

EH o

CO ca

0CD

CD
E-"

606

+3

CD

a a CD

(H CD
fi
M>>

>>
03
03CQ

03 W>
1-3

CD
aao

a CO 55

dO

+5 03 ---oo .a
CO

03 aCD
03
0 d>
<60

a
aCD
p.
wc3

Guyton High

Effingham Academy

Egypt

Olyo

Rencon.. .

Marlow

.

Meldrim

Renora

Berry

Ebenezer

Zion

Camp Ground .

Eaden

Green Morgan

Kildore

Lebanon

^

Lorenza

Marlow Road .

Mizpah

Mt. Pleasant.

Pine Grove

.

Race Path

_

Riverside

Scuffletown

Shawnee...

Shiloh

Silver Hill..

Stillwell

Tullis

Turkey Branch

Tusculum

Union No. I

Union No. II

Total

9 9
.9 8
.. 8 8 9 8 6 6 8
.6 6 6 6 6 6
6
6 6
6
6 . .. 6
6 6 6
6
6 6
6
6 6 6

$ 7,785 6,750 3,240 2,680 2,280 2,120
2,295 1,640
960 660 1,120 240 450
270 300 360 360 300 360 360 360 300
300 180 300 330 360
360 180 300 360 240 510

j 6+ $38,610

8 11 9 8 18 1 4

8 11 9 8 13 6 7

4 10 5 14 14 ?,

4 10 4 3 13 1 3

3 10 4 3 13 1 ?,

3 10 3 3

2 1 ?,

3 9 3 2 13

3

3933

3

1

2 10 2 11

22

2722

112

2922

2

71

1

11

711

1

1

71

1

11

711

11

6 1 1.1

1

811

1

1

611

1.

611

1

1

71 1

1

71 1

1

1

611

11

711

11

51

11

1

511

11

71

11

1

71

11

1

71

11

611

11

61

1

1

811

1

71

1

11

811

1

66

68 50 18 41 27 U

__ 242 C-- C B B

__ 258 C B B B

_. 196 C-- D B+ D

.. 174 C-- D D C

._ 118 C-- D D C

.. 94

C DD

.. 82

CDC

.. 120

C E D+

.. 45.... B D D

_. 44 B D D

.. 27

AE E

.. 26... E E D--

.. 39 E D D

.. 19 E D E

.. 23.... C D C

.. 28 E D--D--

.. 27 E D D--

22.... E D D--

.. 33.... E D D

-_ 22 D D+ E

27 C+ E D E

22 E D D

._ 26 E D D

.. 11 E E E

.. 32.... D D+ D

.. 39 E D D

34 E E E

.. 26 C+ C D D

.. 26

C DE

16 C D E

.. 35.... E D D

.. 13.... E D D

.. 23 A D-- E

..1969 D D D--

REPORT ON EFFINGHAM COUNTY SURVEY

There are entirely too many schools in Effingham. There should be more consolidations of schools. The Superintendent is doing some very constructive supervision of his schools. The County Board should be more liberal with hinI in defraying the expense involved. Too many small schools are offering high school training, when they do not have sufficient teachers to do effective work in the Primary and Grammar grades. Transportation should be given these high school pupils to one of their established Junior or Senior high schools.

12

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

JASPER COUNTY.

.UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

4,744 5,067

11,618 11,484

16,362 16,551

5,559 5,239

2,527 2,933

3,675 3,690

470 421

30.7 31.4

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,354

1923

1,374

Colored

Total

White

3,841

5,195

l

3,069

4,443

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored 137 237

Total 138 237

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$581,715

$1,647,725

$872,939

RECORD OF JASPER COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor, Jan. 1924.

$1,687

SCHOOL

Monticello

Shady Dale

-

Hillsboro

Lane's Academy

Adgateville

Friendship

Warren's Academy

Poplar Springs

Smithsboro

Prospect

Farrar

Hopewell..

Bethel

Sanders

Mechanicsville

Old Rocky Creek

Liberty

Henderson

Old Concord

Total

"23

9 $12,505

9 3,690

9 2,475

9

540

9

630

9

630

9

585

9

630

9

540

9 1,350

9

630

9

630

9

1,260

8

495

8

630

9

585

9

630

9

495

9

585

9-- $29,515

eg
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14 11 12 12 .... 12 .... 4 .... 21 350 B C A B

4 11

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17

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17

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17

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17

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43

38 34 4 25 13 21 38 32 917 C D C--C--

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

13

JASPER COUNTY

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

[I [II IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

146 86 94 115 100 72 106 79 56 37 26

917

4

6 14

9

2

1

7

2 13

1

59

-. 120 59 59 62 55 35 57 34 35 22 9

547

22 21 21 44 43 36 42 43 8 14 17

311

-- 3 6 15 8 2 1 6 2 2 3

6

82 68 62 54 55 49 53 43 62 60 34

59

15 26 23 38 43 50 41 55 36 37 66

35

6.7 8.1 9 7 10.5 11 7 12.0 13.7 15.1 14.7 16 7 18.2..

1

7 .5

7

.7 1.1.

7 1.2__

REPORT ON JASPER COUNTY SCHOOLS BY
J. O. Martin.
The schools of this county seem to be doing as well as could be expected under given conditions. The majority of the schools are long distances apart and those that are near one another can never be consolidated until graded and soiled public roads are built, although 120 children are being transported
now. While most of the buildings are of the old type in structure, the majority of them are neat and clean
on the inside and present a favorable appearance. The county has the unit system and most of the high school work is done at Monticello, Shadydale,
and Hillsboro, which have new buildings. The Rosenwald Negro School in Monticello is doing excellent work, as their report shows. This
school would do credit to any county. The majority of the other schools are taught in churches. Several years ago a number of negro schools in this county were burned--that is why they use so many
churches.

LIBERTY COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

5,114

7,593

12,707

4,075

2,967

1,398

112

8.4

4,569

8,355

12,924

4,260

2,248

1,604

175

17.3

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1923

865

1918

1,796

Colored

Total

White

2,414

2,879

14

2,292

4,088

23

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
73 27

Total 87 50

Personal $672,221

Land $1,464,874

Corporation $645,117

Polls $1,143

*Lcng County cut off of Liberty since 1920.

14
SCHOOL
Willie Allenhurst Fleming. Gum Branch ._ Taylor's Creek Cl. Island Sunny Glenn
Total

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF LIBERTY COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor.

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9 $ 4,950

7 1,890

9

1,215

6

720

6

540

6

750

6

300

6

240

6

300

6

300

6

330

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Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

Total

Total

130 84 109 12c 98 110 65 40 36 21

9

825

14 2 4 6

1 2 3 5 4

41

Number Normal . . . .. . 81 36 45 4 30 41 25 15 17 10

4

353

Number Retarded ....

35 46 60 6c 68 68 38 22 14

7

5

431

%Accelerated,,

11

2

4

p

1 4 7 14 19

5

%Normal

.

62 43 41 4C 30 37 38 38 47 48 44

43

%Retarded

.. _

.- 27 55 55 55 70 62 58 55 39 33 56

52

7.2 9.2 10 .S 11 .3 12.9 13 .8 14.3 14. 2 14.7 15.3 17 .2

Med. Retardation

0.2 1.2 1.2 1 .3 1.9 1 8 1.3 0. ?,

0 .2

REPORT ON SURVEY OF LIBERTY COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith.
I offer the following recommendations: (1) There is need of closer supervision of all the schools. (2) A Jeanes teacher should be employed by the County Board, in cooperation with the State Department of Education to look more directly after the colored schools. I believe the efficiency of the colored schools can be doubled by doing this.

(3) There has been some splendid consolidation made at Hinesville, Willie, and Fleming. Further
consolidation is needed. (4) A longer term for the rural schools is imperative. (5 I found a splendid school spirit at the Hinesville consolidated school. Bonds have just been
sold for the construction of a $25,000 school building there. (6) Means for transportation should be furnished to the white children of the community
around Riceboro.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
NEWTON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

15 Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20

Years Schooi

Years

Per Cent

1920

11,499

10,180

21,679

6 ,705

4,733

2,815

300

17.5

1910

8,990

9,458

18,448

5,540

3,321

2,677

287

20.3

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1923

4,059

1918

3,497

Personal

Colored

Total

White

3 322

7,381

17

3 947

7,444

47

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
34 167

Total
51 214

Polls

$2,288,438

$2,719,945

$326,815

$2,142

RECORD OF NE WTON COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin, Sup ervisor, Jan. 1924.

SCHOOL

Sin

a
N

03

h

CO

*Covington Oovingtnn Mill
Porterdale (MUD tEmorv Ac ademv Mansfield
Palmer Institute Newborn
Rocky Plains Flint Hill
Oakland Fairview. .. . . Livingston Gum Creek
Starrsville.. South Rivei Pine Grove. Mt. Zion High Point Hopewell Mixon.. .

......... 9 $16,100

9 3,555

9 21,975

_

9

9 5,730

9 1,908

9 2,025

7

735

7

945

7

945

7

945

7 1,480

7

875

7

875

7

350

7

945

7

455

.... 7 1,800

7

805

7 1,470

Total

7+ 63.918

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16

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

Grade

Total

Number Accelerated

Number Normal

Number Retarded

%Accelerated

%Normal

%Retarded

Median Age

.

Med. Retardation

Age-Grade Retardation
I II HI IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI
569 389 376 366 322 235 179 163 130 5(5 26~~ 12 15 14 12 31 17 10 8 9 8 0 . 373 192 188 182 134 119 100 86 73 38 22 184 182 174 172 157 99 69 69 48 10 4
24339754610 78 50 50 50 41 50 55 52 56 67 98 20 46 47 47 50 43 40 44 38 32 2 7.2 8.8 9.7 10.8 11.4 12.6 13.5 14.7 15.5 16.1 16
.2 .8 .7 .8 .4 .6 .5 .7 .5 .1

__^
Total
2,811 136
1,507 1,168
4 53 43

REPORT ON NEWTON COUNTY SURVEY BY
J. O. Martin
At present there are eighteen white schools in Newton County. This number will eventually be reduced to at least nine. Owing to the topography of the county, it would be difficult to reduce the number more. This seems to be the greatest need of the system at present. Too many of the children are too far from high school opportunities, which could be given through proper consolidation. In this way Junior High Schools could be established. Covington and Mansfield could be established as Junior and Senior High schools for graduation work. Local bonds could be voted for building purposes and an increase of two-mills county-wide tax could be levied for maintenance and an increase in the length of
the school term. Newborn, Heards Consolidated, Covington Mill, and Porterdale have new and up-to-date buildings;
the latter is a Mill School of more than one thousand children in attendance and it is one of the best work-
ing schools to be found anywhere. The rest of the schools were modern a few years ago but they belong to the old type now. The
schools have long been equipped with modern supplies, including a County-wide circulating library of
more than five thousand volumes. During a period of some 40 years the county has pioneered a number of things that are now the
leading phases in our educational program. The Covington School has a librarian whose salary is paid by the Woman's Club. Despite some most
favorable circumstances the school is operating under conditions that mitigate against it. The building, for the most part, is old and out-of-date. The class-rooms are insufficiently and improperly lighted. Necessary seating room is lacking. The school is almost without any laboratory equipment, and what there is, is barely usable, on account of lack of space. Hence for the further advancement and progress
of the school I would recommend at least the following: I. Build a separate grammar school building on a separate lot, if possible, and separate the lower
grades from the higher ones. This would at least afford the primary children an adequate amount of
light, heat, ventilation, etc., which they earnestly need. II. Reconstruct the old building: (1) By removing certain inside walls for the purpose of enlarging rooms for the library, study
hall, and physics and chemistry laboratories. (2) Paint all of the class-room walls sanitary and aesthetic colors that will not absorb the light
or reflect it in an undesirable manner. (3) Arrange for exterior class-room cloak lockers and remove from the class-room all unsightly
objects. (4) Rearrange the seats where necessary so that the light will fall properly over the left shoulders
of the children when they are seated at their desks. (5) Provide all class-rooms with the necessary teaching equipment, such as maps, globes, dic-
tionaries, grade libraries, wall pictures, etc. The total cost of this need not exceed $35,000 and bonds issued for twenty years would cover it. Results of achievement tests in the Newborn and Mansfield schools show decided acceleration in the fourt and seventh grades. The subject-retardation of the entire county falls in "A" class, which is
superior. The age-grade record of the county is above the average.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
WILKINSON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

1920 1910

Population

White
5,752 4,923

Colored
5,624 5,155

Total Children

Illiterates

Total
11,376 10,078

6-18 Years
3,846 3,104

Attending School
2,715 2,048

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

Over 10 Years
1,190 1,781

16-20 Years
141 177

Per Cent
14.5 25.0

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yis.

White

1918

2,094

1923

2.223

Personal $887,946

Colored

Total

White

2,323

4,417

18

2,093

4,316

3

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

$1,621,903

$7,741,530

RECORD OF WILKINSON COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan and W. B. Hill, Supervisors.

Colored
173 26

Total
191 29

Polls $1,706

SCHOOL
Irwinton Gordon Danville Mt. Carmel Toomsboro Mclntyre Walnut Creek Friendship Manson Pleasant Plains Poplar Head Shady Grove SnowHill Thompson Branch Turner Vernon Johnson Batesman Bethel Clear Creek Fairview Glenn Ella Lavender Poplar Spring Sand Hill
Total

a

a is
(-1 Ai2

t .

13
30

S3 S3

m

9
9 9 8 8 8 8
8 8 8

4,950 7,695 2,685 2,220 3,080 1,500
1,560 980
1,100 1,040

6 11 6 6
9 11 11 11 11 4 10 10 8 10 8 8 9

8

920

9

8

1,040

8

980

8

1,000

10 10 9

8

1,000

8

870

8 8

8

480

8

320

8

360

7 7 7

8

440

8

400

8

320

8

240

8 7 6 8

8

480

244

203 C A A

7 4 10

-- 300

CAB

4

2

151 DOC

3I2

.. 100 B C O

322

158 D C A+ B

2 12

.- 90 C C D D

3

1.. 87 D D D

3" 1

.. 50 D B D

2

58 B C B C

2

I""" . .. 58.... C C C

2 """ 1

- - 61.... D C D

2 """ 2 - -. 47.... D B C

2 """

.. 70.... D B E

2

I

47 E C C

1 "T l

55 BOD

112

.... 34.... ODD

.... 27.._. ODD

""""I"" .

17.... E D E

1 "" 1

.... 28.... ADC

1 "" 1

.... 36__- E D D

16 ODD

"i"

.. 22.... C D E

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20.... O E E

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28 A D E O

8

3,566 62

62 54 8 47 15 37

1763.... C-- C C-

18

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OP WILKINSON COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan and W. B. Hill, Supervisors.

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

I n in IV

VI vn vm K

XI Total

317 166 200 215 225 181 147 111 83

17 5 12 24 13 13 10 5 13

245 106 118 110 81 79 64 56 33

55 55 70 81 131 89 73 50 37

5 36 77 64 59

11 51

6 36

7 43

7 44

5 50

16 39

18 6.9

33 8.4

35 9.4

38 10.5

58 12.3

50 12.9

49 13.9

45 14.3

45 14.E

0.4 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.3

45 33 47 22 19 19 7 9 21 49 58 42 21 15.7 16.7.

1,723 123 933 667 7 54 39

REPORT OF WILKINSON COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan
I made a survey of this county's public school system in January, 1918, which was published by the Department as Bulletin No. 21.
By comparing conditions as outlined in Bulletin No. 21 with conditions set forth in my present report it will be seen that very remarkable progress has been made throughout the county. In fact I doubt if greater and more gratifying progress has been accomplished during a like period in any Georgia county.
The report of 1918 gave "evidences and results of a very weak system" (see pages 7 and 8), such as 'only one toilet" or "no toilets"; "only one Standard School in the county"; "a five months school year";
"two-thirds of the teachers serving their present school for the first term"; "school grounds generally neglected"; "none of the school houses properly planned"; "no teaching equipment other than a cheap map or two"; "lack of training on the part of teachers"; etc; etc.
On page 8 of Bulletin No. 21 it was said, "The growing general dissatisfaction at existing conditions is a hopeful sign if a wise and vigorous administration will take proper advantage of it."
By reference to the report I am now handing you, and in comparison with the report of 1918, it is fully evident that the administration during these intervening years has been both "wise and vigorous". Among these evidences I would call especial attention to sanitary toilets installed at many of the schools; to the numerous consolidations of "little schools" into larger and better consolidations; to the well planned and constructed new school houses; (at least two of these will score into the class "Model or IDEAL"); to the eight months school year at all schools; to the longer terms of service of many of the teachers; to the "well kept" school houses and grounds everywhere; to the greatly improved seating facilities and teaching equipment; and lastly, but perhaps best of all, to the very large percentage of teachers who are Normal school graduates with high grade certificates.
Besides the conditions above especially referred to the detailed report will set forth other important evidence of much progress. Especially do the future plans and purposes of the administration, as carefully studied, commend themselves as promises of further progress for the public school system of Wilkinson county.
The report of 1918 stated that "the people of the county are not proud of their schools", but now they take great pride in pointing them out to visitors and State school officials.

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education
N H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section U03, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5. 1923.

Vol. 1

Atlanta, March 15, 1924

No. 10

SYSTEM OP CERTIFICATION.

The question has often been asked, "Just what changes have been made in the old form of certification?" The most important changes are the doing away entirely with the primary certificate and raising the qualifications both for general elementary and high school.

ELEMENTARY CERTIFICATE.

Before one can obtain a first-grade general elementary certificate, he must show by certification or examination that he has had the education equivalent to a graduate of a standard high school.

HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATE.

Before one can hold any kind of a high school certificate he must have the education of a graduate of a standard Junior college beyond that of the high school graduate. This can be shown both by certification and examination--however, preferably by certification from standard colleges and normal

s clio ols. The principle upon which the new form of certification is based is that knowing the subject you
teach is most important. Indeed you can not teach a subject that you do not know and one who thoroughly knows a subject is more than apt to be a good teacher of that particular subject, provided he is

temperamentally fitted for a teacher. However, we wish to recognize to the full extent the value of professional training and no profes-

sional certificate will be granted, however long the teacher may have taught, unless he may show by certification or by other good evidence that he has done this professional work (18 semester hours) in edu-

cation.

,^

.. .

The question will arise among many teachers who have taught for many years, and have been very

successful--indeed, are recognized as the best teachers of their communities,--who have not attended

any approved summer schools, yet by reading and study of standard books on education have fully equip-

ped themselves as professional teachers. To such, there will be given an opportunity at the annual ex-

amination to show this and questions will be sent upon the subjects of History of Education, Methods in

Education, and General Psychology. Indeed, the general principle is contained in the new form of certification that no teacher will be
barred the right of showing his qualifications, either by certification or by examination.

NO RENEWAL OF CERTIFICATES.

Another question arises as to the renewal of certificates. While all certificates heretofore issued will be recognized until the date of expiration, yet there will be no renewal of these certificates. A new word "conversion" should be coined for the new method. These certificates may all be converted into the new form of certificate. What every teacher should do as soon as the blanks are out--which will be about April first--is to carefully fill out one of these, which they will obtain from the county or city superintendent of schools, giving a complete record of their scholastic attainment, as well as experience, and reinforce this with certificates from registrars of colleges and schools, and from well known educators under whom they have had experience, and file this blank in the Department of Education. This blank should be filled out by all teachers who expect to teach next year under the new form of certification--
whether by examination or by certification from colleges or schools.

NO READING COURSE EXAMINATION.

The Reading Course is no longer prescribed as a method of renewal. While it is not at all intended

to stop this method, no particular books will be prescribed and an examination based upon these text

books but, as described above, teachers who wish to show their professional training by examination

should provide themselves with standard text books upon education and making suitable preparation, and

they would have no great difficulty in showing their preparation by successfully passing an examination

as stated above.

. ,.

....

Let us take a teacher who holds a first grade general elementary certificate, or one of the certifi-

cates of the same standing that has been issued to graduates of high schools, with certain professional

training required. In making application for the conversion of this certificate into the new form of gen-

eral elementary, he would have to show that he had the equivalent education of a high school grad-

uate and submit proper certificates of this from standard high schools. If he had not graduated from

a high school or could obtain no record of his graduation, then he would take an examination on

that part of the auestions in the general elementary that deals with the high school subjects, and upon

the results of this examination a new form of certificate would be issued. If he did not qualify as to

having attained the education of a high school graduate, he would receive a second or third grade gen-

eral elementary, and this could be converted into a first grade as soon as he could show by proper evi-

dence his attainment of an education the equivalent of a high school graduate.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
HOW TO CONVERT A PROVISIONAL CERTIFICATE INTO A PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATE.
To convert a provisional into a professional certificate it must be shown by certificates from approved schools and'colleges, or by other good evidence that the applicant has done the eighteen semester hours of work in education, or its equivalent. Upon this showing all certificates above the first grade general elementary, and including this, may be converted into a professional certificate--provided the applicant has taught successfully for three years or more.
NO SECOND OR THIRD GRADE HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
There are no longer any second or third grade high school certificates issued and these can never be the basis of conversion into the new form of certification. However, those holding first grade high school certificates that have not had the educational equipment of a graduate of a standard Junior Collegeshown either by certification or examination--may automatically convert these into first grade general elementary, and by showing necessary professional training and service this may be converted into professional and life.
APPLICATION BLANKS.
The application blanks that will be in the hands of the Superintendents shortly will give full information as to just what the teacher must do. This blank should be filled out by all applicants--whether by examination or by certification--and filed as soon as possible with the Department. The teacher wants to be very careful in filling it out and only put in such information as can be readily substantiated At the same time, if they are asking certification on account of college, normal school, or high school graduation, they should send the blank that will be furnished them by the superintendent to the college or school from which they graduated. The registrars of these schools will in turn fill it out and send direct to the State Department of Education.
It is well that the teachers know that all teachers must conform to the new form of certification Heretofore, certain systems--both county and city--were exempt, but this is no longer true. No contract will be legal with a teacher in any school receiving state aid unless they have a Georgia certificate And, again, all schools will be standardized according to the certification of the teachers therein.
FINANCIAL ITEMIZING.
Due to a constitutional prohibition and an earnest desire to help the high schools, but more particularly, to encourage the growth of high schools in counties where none then existed, and to offer to the country boy and girl the opportunity for a high school education, the General Assembly set aside $100,000 out of the rental of the Western and Atlantic Railroad for the purpose of aiding and encouraging such high schools. Hardly had the Act been passed, and before it went into operation, the Legislature hypothecated the entire rental of the Western and Atlantic Railroad for five years and applied the funds to the payment of Pensions. The only way this money could then have been paid was out of the common school fund. While $121,000 was apportioned in 1923 for this purpose, yet only $21,000 was set aside for the.payment--the remainder was distributed to the counties. Therefore, it became impossible to pay only $21,000 until the $4,250,000 had been paid into the common school fund. This amount equal to one-sixth of the apportionment should be distributed about April first--the remaining $79,000 can only be paid out of the excess above the state appropriation of $4,250,000.00, and the first money we get above this will be used for this purpose.
WILL THERE BE ANY EXCESS.
From semi-official sources it is found that should the schools get their just share of the amount appropriated to them by the Legislature, it would be in excess of $700,000. Will the schools get this money? There is no question but that they need it. Contracts have been made on the assumption that they would get it--but, will it be paid? I am sure the Governor is honest in this matter, and is going to do all he can now, to pay at least a part of it--but, can he? Has he not started too late? Funds once paid out can never be paid again. The water that turns the wheel will not turn the same wheel again This fund can only be paid out of the 1923 revenue. When this year's revenue is fully in, and it is found that the schools' part has already been paid for other purposes, can it then be paid to the schools''
Is not the whole system wrong, that subjects the schools to this loss? Are not the schools as important as any other Department of State? Should the children of Georgia be the only losers in this political game? Should they, alone, suffer? The common school system came into the Capitol as an unwelcome babe--like Patsy, it just grew--until it is presumed to have one-half of the State's revenue Is this child still unwelcome? Is there still discrimination against him--now almost grown? Let us see
The Legislature annually appropriated $3,200.00 in addition to the $4,250,000 to the office of the State Superintendent of Schools. Part of this is appropriated in obedience to a Constitutional mandate Does the Department of Education get this money? Not one cent of it comes to this Department--it is diverted to other departments of the Capitol. If this holds good, does it not deny the Legislature the right to appropriate money to the Department of Education? They tell me that it should be differently worded Read the General Appropriations Act and tell me how the General Assembly could possibly have nut it in plainer language.
Again, on January first, practically every obligation of the State had been paid except the school teachers, and only one-tenth of this had been paid--and that on December 20th, nearly a year after the salaries had been earned. Every janitor the state employs--and necessarily it employs a great many and their salaries are twice the average paid to the white school teachers of Georgia--had been paid weekly, and the school teachers had been paid only one-tenth. Is it right? Should not the teachers of Georgia be at least on a parity with the janitors? Let us correct this tiling.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
BULLOCH COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
16,088 15,858

Colored
10,034 10,591

Total
26,122 26,449

6-18 Years
8,566 8,673

Attending School
6,667 4,720

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

Over 10 Years
1,796 2,668

16-20 Years
215 398

Per Cent
9.8 14.9

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

5,664

1923

5,752

3,766 3,720

9,430 9,472

79

167

246

35

131

166

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$2,143,083

$5,565,305

$603,040

Age-Grade Retardation

$4,364

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

1094 48
719 327
4
65 31 8.4 1.4

563 31

530 18

518 33

541 35

462 20

449 11

254 17

164 4

151 10

277 263 247 236 199 164 128 87 96

255 249 238 270 243 274 109 73 45

53 49 49 46 48

6 47 47

6 44 50

4 43 53

3 36 61

6 50 44

3 53 44

6 64
30

8.8 9.8 10.8 11.9 13.1 14.5 14.5 15.8 16.4

.8 .8 .8 .9 1.1 1.5 .5 .8 .4

121 4,847

10

237

84 2,500

27 2,110

8

4

69

51

23

45

17.1-

.1.

4

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF BULLOCH COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor.

SCHOOL

CD
B

03

<s

i--<

H

m

4*

aCO
o o
d fc

M
3as
xSssi O

<D

H CD

aCO

u

CD O

is

CD

EH

d

+1

* W3. Pec)o CM

CM

CuD a

CD
5^ A

t
G3

a7-t

el

CD

CO 60
&3

8

>> CD ,
43
6 rH fc 5

woau

CD
O CD
1
09

CD a

CaD aS
0 a3 3
d> 3o
<! m

+a3
aCD
P.
"3 9

llthDist. A. andM

9

74871

Statesboro High .

9 $23,685 31 11 27 27 26 1 ..

Portal

9 5,615 12 11 9 9

72

Brooklet

9 7,395 6 11 7 7 .... 7

Register

8 3,520 6 10 6 6

6

Denmark

7

1,925

5 9 5 3 2 2 3,5

Middle Ground. ... .

7 1,380 5 9 5 4 14 1 L

Nevils

7 2,085 7 9 5 4 13 2,

Leefield .

8 2,040 3 9 4 3 14

,3

Stilson _
Tyson Grove. . ... Aaron

7 7 7

1,365 4 9 4 2 2 2 2 1

1,925 1,015+

3 3

9 7

4 3

4 _L._ 4

3

2

1

I;>>

Brannen Institute. ... 7 1,270 3 8 3 12 12

Donaldson..

7

1,190

3 7 3 12 12!3

Pretoria...

7 1,400 3 7 3 2 1 1 2 2 __

Snap

7 1,400 3 9 3 12 2 1

Alderman..

7

875 2 7 2 11112..

Bird

7

980 2 7 2 2

2

2 ..

Bradwell

7

840 2 6 2 112

Clito

7

700 2 7 2 1 1

2 2 ._

Esla

7

980 2 7 2 112

2 ..

Holly Grove...

7

945 2 7 2 11111

Ingleside .

7

770 1 7 2 1 1

2 2 ..

Knight

7

805

1 72

2 112..

Millcreek.

7

805 2 7 2

2

2 ..

New Castle... .

7

910 1 7 2 2

111

Olliff Bay.... Pauline

7

910 2 8 2 11112

7

945

o722

2

2 ..

Pleasant Grove

7

945 2 8 2 2

111

Remes

7

990

1 722

112..

Sand Hill....

7

434

1 72

2

22

Smith-Allen-Deal ...

7

735 2 7 2

2 112

Sunny Side

7

945 2 7 2 2

111

Adabelle

7

420

171

1

1 1 ..

Alexander

7

1 71 1

1

Arcola

7

490 2 7 1 1

1

]

Beaver Pond Bragg

6

1711

1

7

490 1 7

1

1.

Central

...... 7

455 2 7

1

1 ...

Eureka .

7

455 2 6

... 1

1]

Hendrix

.

7

490 1 6 1 1

1

Hodges

7

490 1 7

1

1

Ivanhoe

.

7

490 2 7

1

1]

Jimps

7

490

17

1

1

]

Lane

7

420 1 6

1

1]

Mitchell

7

420 1 7

1

1]

Newmans

7

420 1 7

... 1

1]

Olney

7

420 1 7 1 1

1

RockHill

7

420 2 6 1

1 .... 1 ].

Sylvester

7

385

171

1

1]

Union.

7

385 2 7 i

ii

:

Total

7+ $78,864 157 . ...151 115 36 91 48 7

102.... C A A

789 C A B A

384 D B D

215 D B C A

205 D D C D

197 D D C D

148 D D D D

120 D B A D

143

DC D

137 D D D

77 D D C C

130 D-- D D--

86 D D E

108 E C E

96

EDE

119

E D-- D

71 D D D

60 C B D+ D

78 D D D

67 E D D

90

E C+ D

45

EDE

51 E D-- D

64

C D-- D

51 E D E

89 E E E

92 E D-- E

63 E D E

76 D D E

74 E D E

41 E C D

82 E C+ C

73

C C+ E

34.,,. E D E

25

CD E

37 E D E

51 E D D

41 D D D

59.... D C D

43 E D D

49 E D D

31 D C+ C

63 D C+ D

40

EDD

41 D D E

56.... E D D

28

ED E

35

C C+ E

48 E D E

46 D D E

35 D C C D

4985 D+ D C--D--

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

r>

BULLOCH COUNTY
BY
I. S. Smith.
Bulloch is one of the large counties of the state. For a number of years good work has been done there in consolidating schools and building better buildings.
I make the following recommendations: 1. That the Board continue their plan for consolidations. 2. That an assistant or supervisor for active work in the field be given the county Superintendent of schools. 3. That the length of term for the rural school be increased if the finances of the county and districts can possibly warrant it. 4. That the plan of the Board for furnishing transportation to High School pupils be continued and enlarged as necessity demands.

Population

TERRELL COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920 1910

5,545

14,055

19,600

6,058

4,408

3,741

455

25.7

5,396

16,607

22,003

6,850

3,779

6,017

711

38.

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

I

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

1918

1,464

4,171

5,635

11

647

1923

1,648

5,125

6,773

298

Total
658 314

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal $2,836,245

SCHOOL

*Dawson

Bronwood

ParrottHigh

Sasser

Yeomans

.

Graves High

Pleasant Hill

Herod

Doverel

Holmart

1

Liberty

Mt. Olive

Total

Land

Corporation

$1,494,575

$267,994

RECORD OF TERRELL COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor, Feb. 1924.

Polls $2,624

CO CO

9 $15,505

8 3,680

8 3,140

8 3,060

8 3,140

8 2,440

8 2,440

8 1,680

8 1,045

8

960

8

960

8 1,120

8+ $39,170

O
ato
P CO

+<u*

a 09
CO
^1 co

a
>>co
a co cm

CaD
cd

+3 !-H

fCOew c4 7} oH do fc fc

ou w0


rl CO

O

cb em

%0

<

12 11 14 14 11 3 5

6 10 6 6

42

5 10 5 5

5

5 10 5 5

41

5 10 5 4 1 1 4

4 10 4 4

22

4 10 4 4

4.

3 9 3 2 1 3 ..

2 10 2 1 1

2

2 7 2 112

2 10 2 1 1 1 1 1

2922

111

403 A A B B

36 173 B-- C B C

1 7 115 B-- B B B

4 7 182 B-- B B D

3 3 115 B-- B C O

1 2 84 B-- C B C

3 3 105

ODD

3

82 B-- B D B

1

53

O DD

6

32

ADD

4 2 410-- B D D

1 4 50 C-- D D O

52 54 49 5 38 16 29 27 64 1435 B B--C--C-

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF TERRELL COUNTY (Continued)

Grade
Total Number Acc'eTeYated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated ^Normal ^tTrded M?dfanAge Mld^Retfrdaiiin:.:::::::::

Age-Grade Retardation

I H III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

Total

226 145 270 150 155 141 135
14 9 21 13 11 12 16 182 111 219 85 97 75 79 30 25 30 52 47 54 40
6 6 7 8 7 8 10 - 80 76 81 56 62 53 58
H 28 12 36 31 39 32

94 106
17 62 65 31 34 16 66 61 33 33

73
5 50 18 6 68 26

29
3 20 6 10 69 21

1,524 112
1,045 367 7 62 31

.' 6.7 7.7 8.6 10.8 11.3 12.2 13.8 14.5 15.5 15.9 16.9.

o.s 0.3 0.2 0.8 0.5 0.5

TERRELL COUNTY. BY
J. O. Martin.

There are eleven white schools in the county. Four of these have two teachers; one has three, two

have four, three have five and one has six. Seven of these schools are considered consolidated schools, and are the composition of seventeen
schools The county School Administration plans to consolidate at least three more schools with larger ones at an early date. They also have plans to make even further consolidations until the final number will have been reduced to four or five schools in the entire system. It seems best to centralize the Higb School work at four points-Bronwood, Graves, Parrott and Sasser. This would limit the grades to at

least seven in the adjacent schools.

.*,,,,.

There is no Senior High School in the County System, Dawson being an independent system. It does

not receive any State Aid for outside pupils who might wish to enter there for High School work. It would

be better if this barrier could be removed whereby Dawson could be made the county High School. In this

event the system would function more normally since the four or more Junior High Schools would give it

an unusually large patronage and support. The length of term is eight months in all the schools. There is close co-ordination between the work of the County Home Demonstration Agent and the
school and the home. There are 168 girls in regularly taught and graded classes, and 8 strong Women's
Clubs who work in close cooperation. This seems to unify and vitalize more closely the spirit and purpose

of the home, the school, and the County School Administration. The results of the Achievement Tests given are superior and show that the teachers are more ex-
perienced and better trained than the average. The school rooms have more equipment and show a great-

er degree of attractiveness than is usually found. There is no political division here. There is loyalty to and confidence in the Administration.

Population

CANDLER COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

1920 *1910

White 5,491

Colored 3,737

Total 9,228

6-18 Years 3,102

Attending School 2,236

Over 10 Years
716

16-20 Years
75

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

' Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

Per Cent 11.

White

1918

1,769

1923

1,850

Colored
1,334 1,220

Total
3,103 3,070

White 25 8

Colored
54 48

Total 79 56

Personal
$414,545 "-Organized since 1910.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

CANDLER COUNTY (Continued)

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

$1,551,706

$231,731

RECORD OF CANDLER COUNTY
BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor, Jan., 1924.

Polls $1,625

SCHOOL
Metter Pulaski Rosemary Aline Union Franklin Maine Cool Springs Coleman Cowart Evergreen --. Sapling Grove Wolf Creek Magnolia..-
Total
Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

a

w

CD

O

ft!

>>
CO

CO

AS

i dW

CO
Ma
go wo31

9
9 6 8 9 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

$8,320
4,905 1,920 1,960 2,556 1,260 1,080
720 840 690 600 660 690 300

17 12 12 12
10 11 6 6 4 10 5 5
4 10 4 4 4 10 4 4 3833 39312 2722 2722 2722 2 7 2 -_- 2 272 1 1 2722
271

2 10

9 11 534 D D A-- A

1 , 2 184 E D A-- B

2

160 E E A-- B

4 3

3 _.-- 118--. 7 5 109 E

O
c

C A

O A

2 3

9

2

91 E 61--

E C

O
c

O
c

... 2 .... 28-- E C B

1

38.... E C B

1

63.... E C C

1

... 48 D D C O

13

33-- D C C

... 2 .... 66-- D C C

... 3 3 43... E D C

6+ $26,501 59 .. 50 44 6 24 26 28 29 23 1576D-- D-- C+ C-

Age-Grade Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

365 10
255 100
2
70 - 28
7.1 -1

178 10
95 73
5
53 42
87 .7

176 11 74
91 6
42
52 10.1
1.1

193 15 98
50 42 10.8
.8

153 4
60 89
2 39 59 12.3
1.3

131 3
52 76 2 40 58 13.3
1.3

142 6
48 88 4
33 63 14.4
1.4

87 4
45 38
5 52 43
14.7 .7

77 10 25 42 13 32 55
16.1 1.1

XI

Tot al

40 25 1,567

3

76

24 l6~" 792

13 9

699

7

4

60 "64""

50

33 36

46

16.5 17.6.

.5 .6.

CANDLER COUNTY. BY
I. S. Smith. Candler County has splendid consolidation with good schools at Metter, Pulaski, Union High and

6ThI Board and Superintendent are very anxious to put a good Grammar and High School within

the reach of every child in the county.

.

Transportation is furnished all high school pupils of the county to one of the Jumor or the Senior

h splendid progress has been made in the schools of Candler County within the past few years.

I make the following recommendations: 1. That a longer term be given if the finances will permit.

2 That the Board continue its plan for consolidation. 3. That, in so far as is possible, the colored schools come up to the requirement of the Fire Hazard

Law, passed by the General Assembly last summer.

_--------=--

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
ATKINSON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 *1910

White 5,177

Colored 2,479

Total 7,656

6-18 Years
2,518

Attending School
2,113

Over 10 Years
750

16-20 Years
64

Per Cent 14.

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

359

1923

2,124

Colored
206 1,030

Total

White

565 3,154

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
14 19

Total
15 28

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$429,897 *-Organized since 1910.

$1,311,354

$515,053

$974

RECORD OF ATKINSON COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor.

SCHOOL
Pearson High *Willacoochee Axson Consolidated Harmony Grove Temperance Arnie Fussell Inman Red Bluff Satilla Park Sunny Side Sycamore Bradwell Evergreen Kirkland Liberty Liliaton Live Oak Mt. Zion New Providence Sherland Tillman Stokesville
Total -Line School.

9 $5,625

9 3,870

6 1,800

6 1,200

6 1,170

6

750

6

750

6

450

6

780

6

690

6

690

6

690

6

360

6

390

6

420

6

330

6

450

6

900

6

300

6

450

6

390

6

360

6

420

$23,235

7n
6 10 4 3 3 27 27 17 27 27 27 27
7 5 8
7 8
7 6 8
6 2 1

ft
M
(5 oj 7 ... 5 ... 4 .-I. 12 3 ...
2

a) 03
51 32 21 23 3

Pi 3

85 60
& ,2
OS'S
oO

u

naa>)

S3

aa
a

II I 0) O

1 CG

tu
<

go m

a

1 213 D C B B

4 202 D C E D

182D+ E A C

107 E E D

107D+ E B D

77 E D D

51. ..ED D

53. .. E .... D

52

ODD

E EDD

68 E D E

70 E E D

32 E E E

21 E D D

57.... D D D

26 E .. D

38 E E D

73 B D C

29 E E D

36 O .. O

27 E E E

30.... EDO

53 E

48 .... 46 28 18 25 20 32 23 8 1692....D-- D D+

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

ATKINSON COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

I II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

427 221 239 250 194 144 119 19 4 12 8 12 8 5 261 101 85 84 42 46 32
--- 147 116 142 158 140 90 82 4 1 53654 61 45 35 33 22 22 27 35 54 60 64 72 73 69

51 lb
2. 13 10 36 5
4. 25 66 71 34

27 b 14 8 18 51 31

7.4 0.4

9.1 10 4 11 7 12.8 13.8 15.3 15.5 14.0 16.2

1.1 1 4 1 7 1.8 1.8 2.3 1.5.

0.2

XI
5 1 1 3 20 20 60 18.2_ 1.2.

Total
,692 76 689 927 4 40 56

ATKINSON COUNTY. BY
Geo. D. Godard. Atkinson County is one of the more recently formed counties, having been organized in January 1919. The county is, relatively speaking, sparsely settled. Hence the schools are not very close to each other. However, the number of white schools might be reduced from the present number to about ten without causing very heavy transportation expenses. Thus three High Schools, one Senior, and two Junior, could be made readily available for every child of High School grade in the county. The school districts of the county should be enlarged and with a small district tax to supplement state and county taxes, good houses could be built and equipped and capable teachers could be employed. One or two local independent systems might be converted into district systems to the advantage
of the communities and the territories surrounding. Although the schools of the county are below a reasonable standard on account of a lack of suffi-
cient funds to build suitable houses and equip them, and to pay properly efficient teachers, much progress has been made in the orgnization and development of the schools.
As in most counties one consolidated school has been organized at Axson for the white pupils, and one Rosenwald school for the colored people. The colored people need better schools.

DOOLY COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-80 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

8,241 7,826

12,279 12,728

20,520 20,554

6,545 6,600

4,394 4,181

3,626 4,487

428 502

24.5 31.3

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

2,400

1923

2,814

4,337 4,907

6,737

33

406

439

7,721

18

226

244

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$1,248,984

$3,488,5b8

$b!5,490

$2,135

10

GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OP DOOLY COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan and W. B. Hill, Supervisors, Feb., 1924.

SCHOOL
Vienna Byromville Unadilla Pinehurst Dooling Lilly. Union Franklin Sandy Mount Tippettville Snow Williams.-.. Butler Hill Mars Hill Oakland Pleasant Valley. Richwood .Rock Hill Smyrna Adkins Bakerfield Dunaway King Mt. Pleasant
Total
Grade Total. Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded... %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

m8 B
03
m3
$10,575 6,090 6,120 4,050 2,240 2,880 2,340 1,680 1,680 1,680 1,080 1,080 1,000 1,080 1,080 1,080 1,080 1,080 1,080 520 520 440 400 480

aCO
oo

tao
O

Ss



o

4-J

T*

11 11 11 11

11

7144

11

7

52

10

5

5

10

2213

10

4

4

9

4

4

9

213

9

2121

9

23

12

"i"

1 2

1

i11

T

2 2

i1

I2

2

2

... 1 1

... 1 1

--. 1 1

.-- 1 1

... 1 1

>as> a] M
dH d"o3
55

a>
aa go a1
H

4 1 7 402 O--

AA

8

6 216 C--

BB

3

7 236 C--

OO

3 2 4 123

BB

43

91

BO

3 115

OO

3 3 1 13

BD

7 .-. 92

OO

4 .... 123

DDD

65

DDD

2 1 41

E DD

1 .... 45

BDD

69 DDE

42

B DD

50 ODD

2

42

ODD

53 D D D

2

46

DDD

1

35

E DD

26 D D D

1

37

E DD

2 3 30

DE D

37

E DD

52.-- E D D

8+ $51,335 83 75 57 18 60 15 49 30 32 2181 C--0--C--O--

Age-Grade Retardation

i n in iv v vi vn vm K x xi Total

402 250 244 294 209 219 208 165 114

43 2,246

26 9 14 12 10 23 19 8 4 18 7

150

294 160 148 177 115 111 99 77 50 56 33 1,320

82 81 82 105 84 85 90 80 60 24 3

776

6

4

6

4

5 11

9

5

3 18 16

6

73 64 61 60 55 50 48 46 44 58 77

59

21 32 33 36 40 39 43 49 53 24

7

35

6.3 8.4 9.4 10.5 11.6 12.5 13.7 14.9 16.1 16.1 16.6

0.4 0.4 0.5 .6 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 0.1.

REPORT ON DOOLY COUNTY SURVEY BY
M. L. Duggan. By extraordinary diligence on the part of the county superintendent, approximately one thousand more children were found in Dooly County after the enumerators had made their reports. Thus the county will be the gainer by about twenty thousand dollars or more during the five year census period. The county school system has been and is making steady and gratifying progress, but not at any rapid rate.
It is worthy of note that only six teachers are serving their present school for the first year and only eight have had less than two years' experience. Eleven teachers, however, hold "unsatisfactory license".
No one-teacher school is attempting over seven grades, and no nine-grade school has less than four teachers.
There are three eleven-grade schools in the county and three others with ten grades each. The investigation failed to note the number of pupils "away in High Schools and Colleges." Further consolidations should be effected in the interest of better service to the children. Upon the whole the county shows evidences of a progressive administration. One of the evidences is the exhibit showing less age-grade retardation than in most counties. Only one third of the pupils in attendance upon the schools are over-age for their grades.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

11

JONES COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending

Years

School

Over 10 Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

3,866

9,403

13,269

4,298

2,242

2,224

205

23.4

1910

3,815

9,288

13,103

4,412

2,250

2,645

326

28.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
2,400 2,814

Colored

Total

4,337 4,907

6,737 7,721

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

White
13 13

Colored
231 67

Total 244

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$564,762

$1,372,360

$818,406

RECORD OF JONES COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, Jan. 1924.

$1,710

SCHOOL
Gray Haddock Glovers Bradley Coney Creek.. James Roberts Round Oak___ Wayside Antioch Avant Bluff Springs. Burdens Cobbs Ethridge Liberty Plenitude Three Points.. Union Hill Wallace
Total.

C3

$6,939

9

3,600

9

2,034

71 1,650

ft

900

ft 1,012

ft

965

1,760

n

1,275 525

74

322

ft

420

7*

525

74

525

74

457

74

420

ft

562

74

390

74

187

74

525

7+ $24,995

.2
H> OS

o ft
w
ed

OS oo
do
5

3
a a
P.
go n

9 11 9 9

9

238 O A A B

4 10 4 4

4 .. 2

96 B B B

3 10 3 3

122

93 E C C

2 10 2 1 I 1 1111 41.... ECO

272 1 I 1 12

53 D D D

1 7 2 1 I 2 .. 2

31 B D D

2822

?,

47 B D D

3 10 2 2

2 .. 1

45.... BCD

2922

2

1

47 BCD

17 17

1

i

1 1

24.... B D D 11.... B D D

19

1

1 ... 1

17 B D D

28

1

1 ... 1

13.... COD

18

1

1 ... 1

41 E D D

18

1

11

23

ODD

17

1

1 ..

25.... ODD

17 17 15

1
i

I

1 1 1

1

40 BCD
21 D D D 6 E DD

27

I

1

23.... ODD

41 139 34 5 34 5 16

935.... C D+D +

' ww"

12

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

JONES COUNTY (Continued)

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

Total

Total

Number Accelerated

Number Normal

Number Retarded

;

%Accelerated

%Normal

%Retarded

Median Age

Med. Retardation...

139 111 118 118 106 80 78 49 35 25 21

890

58785 4 23 1

3

46

94 70 64 67 62 50 37 28 28 18 16

544

40 33 47 43 39 26 39 18 6 7 2

300

376755363

14

5

68 63 54 57 58 63 47 57 80 72 76

61

29 30 40 36 37 32 50 37 17 28 10

34

7.2 8.3 9.6 10.6 11.4 12.4 14.0 14.7 14.9 16.5 15.9.

0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.7.

REPORT ON THE JONES COUNTY SURVEY BY
M. L. Duggan. The schools of Jones County are operated seven-and-a-half, eight and nine months, all under the county unit system. Nearly all of the teachers hold "satisfactory licenses" and have had "more than two years experience", but it is noticeable that 16 out of 39 of them are teaching their present schools for the first time. This shows too frequent changes for the best interests of the cause. None of the schools are operated less than 7| months, but some of them are attempting too many grades per teacher. The county high school at the county seat is open in its high school grades to all of the children of the county and is rendering very satisfactory service. The report does not show number of pupils "away in high schools and colleges", but too many schools with from two to four teachers are attempting ninth and tenth grade work. Only one school in the county has more than three or four teachers, nor are they equipped with teaching facilities for the higher grades. Bad roads in Jones county make consolidations difficult.

Population

SEMINOLE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

*1920 1910

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1923

1,336

Personal

Colored

Total

White

1,486

2,822

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored 57

Total 66

PoUs

$608,993 Organized since 1920-

$1,616,763

$225,883

$1,194

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

13

RECORD OF SEMINOLE COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, Jan., 1924.

SCHOOL
Donalsonville Iron City Reynoldsville Desser Ward Fairchild Pineview Griselda Lela
Total
Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

am

to
a aOJ
CO

9 $12,645

9 4,455

9 2,520

8 1,760

7 1,600

8 1,200

8 1,000

8

600

9

675

o
TM aPA*ma*s

03

Sod
03 t

US?

3 2

do

a

17 11 14 14

11

6

10

3

13

7

6

43

14

4

3

1

... 2

2 .... 2 1

2

2

1 .... 1

1 ....

8 431 A 0 A A

8, 191 D E O B

2 160_... E B B

95.._. D D C

75.... E C C

56_._. D O O

50 E E C C

44.... C 22___. O

D O

Dc

8+ $26,455 41 36 30 6 35 1 21 6 18 1124....D-- C+ C+

Age Grade Retardation

I II [II IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

263 132" 147 128 132 107 78 58 32 26 14 1,117

2 3 7 5 11 5 4 .

24

43

... 175 72 59 55 63 50 26 34 16 13 4

567

88 58 85 66 64 46 47 20 16 11 6

507

2 2 6 4 10 7 7 .

8 29

4

67 55 40 43 48 47 33 59 50 50 29

51

33 43 58 51 48 43 60 34 50 42 42

45

7.5 9. 10.3 11.1 11.9 12.7 14.5 14.5 16.0 16.8 17.5

0.5 1. 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.7 1.5 0.5 1.0 0.8 0.5.

REPORT ON SEMINOLE COUNTY SURVEY. BY
E. A. Pound. Seminole county is one on the youngest counties of the state, having been created in 1920. It is also one of the smallest. There are in the county today eighteen schools, nine white and nine colored. It is the purpose of the County Superintendent and County Board to reduce the number of schools eventually to only four white schools. This will make an ideal situation from a school standpoint for the county. The smaller schools will be eliminated and only the larger consolidated schools left to minister to the educational needs of the children of the county. A survey of this county was made last year by Supervisor M. L. Duggan. A booklet was printed setting forth the facts in reference to the teachers, buildings, retardation of pupils, etc. This booklet is in very full form and sets forth most of the conditions as they now exist. However, some substantial improvements have been made in some of the schools since that time, new rooms having been added to some of the schools. The Donalsonville school has been materially improved by the addition of new wings at an expense of $25,000.00. Recommendations are made for Seminole County in accordance with the ideals of the county Superintendent : Further consolidation of schools by the elimination of the smaller schools, reducing the number of white schools to four. The erection of a suitable building for the colored people. This project has already been approved. The further improvement of teachers. All teachers in this county are required to teach in accordance with the license they have. No elementary license is permitted to be used in the high school. The organization of a health district composed of Seminole, Early, Miller and Clay or Baker counties, for the purpose of eliminating malaria and the hook-worm. It is hoped that one physician will be employed for the district and a health man for each county. Considering the youth of this county, wonderful progress is being made and still greater progress is expected.

14

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

MCINTOSH COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years ' School

Years

Years

1920

1,316

3,803

5,119

1,660

1,410

659

36

17.4

1910

1,464

4,978

6,442

2,016

1,158

865

60

18.5

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1923

467

1918

563

Colored

Total

White

1,529

1,996

1,477

2,040

1

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored 32

Total 33

Personal $238,623

Land

Corporation

$1,051,253

$339,504

RECORD OF McINTOSH COUNTY

I

BY

I. S. Smith, Supervisor, Feb., 1924.

Polls $561

SCHOOL
Darien Jones Sopelo Townsend Dixie So. Newport
Total.
Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal. Number Retarded ^Accelerated %Normal. %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation.

a

a
"c2C3D
CO

9 $5,760

8

560

8

400

8 1,120

8

600

8

560

9 11 18 17 67 16 17

IS

i " AS 0S

77

16

11

1

11

1

2 1111

1

1 1.

1

11


as a) M

Ma a3

0S
do

55

m

61 1
2

175 B D

A

21 E C B B

3

OB B

58 E E A B

25 E B B

24. E B- C

8 $9,000 19

13 10

9 4 .. 306 D D+B+ B

Age-Grade Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI

53 40 63 38 21 20 27 16 13 6

12

3

11

1 ._

27 15 31 14 4 10 7 10 9 4

25 23 29 23 16 10 19 6 4 2

15 4 2 4

3

50 37 49 36 19 50 27 62 69 67

49 58 47 62 77 50 70 38 31 33

7.8 9.3 .1 11.3 13.5 12.0 14.5 14.3 15.4 15.0

.8 1.3 .1 1.3 2.5.

1.5 .3

9
7 2
78 22 17.5.
.5.

Total
306 9
138 159
3 41 56

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

15

REPORT ON McINTOSH COUNTY SURVEY. BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor. Within the past few years, Mclntosh has made wonderful progress in her school system. They have consolidated their white schools till at present they have a very small number. When they finish their plans in the northeastern part of the county (which I think will soon be done) they will have only three white schools. It would be wise for the County Board to cooperate with the State Department of Education in the employment of a .Teanes Industrial Supervisor to aid the colored schools.

Population

CHATTAHOOCHEE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years School

Years

1920

3,296

1,968

5,264

1,112

675

430

43

10.2

1910

1,722

3,864

5,586

1,804

1,118

1,185

122

30.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
536 486

Personal

Colored

Total

White

1,209

1,745

5

768

1,254

4

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
28 39

Total
33 43

Polls

$184,852
SCHOOL
Cusseta Sulphur Springs. Big Sandy Favors ville Halloca Liberty Hill. Mt. Zion Providence Renfroe
Total

$529,841

$368,261

$495

RECORD OF CHATTAHOOCHEE COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor.

aI*!
"w3
$1,240 760 400 600 320 420 645 420 400

A

aOB

aoo

Hi m aco

09 H CD
o
03 <D

d

a n

d

Satif Unsatis

(

+^>

(D
el
CD O
3

a3

Is

H <D
03
03

a
CD
a 03 68 03 o ao

+
CM

1 dW 66
C\J -*

CD
O CD
.a
CO

a

CD

9o 3S aa SK3 bOrt
C

CD
M

'a3"

<

H

2

2

2

2

1

1

1

11

1 .... 1

1

1

1

... 2 1 ....
3

79 O BED

56.... D B D

18

E DE

33

EDE

17

E DE

24.... B O E

48

EEE

39

EEE

14.... A D D

6+ $5,205 At 12

11

4 5 5 4 328 O D+ D E+

16
Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated /,Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
CHATTOOCHEE COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation

II

III IV

92

34

33

71

5

2

4

9

51

20

17

24

36

12

12

38

5

6

12

12

55

59

51

33

40

35

37

55

7.4 8.6 9.4 11.2

0.4 0.6 0.4 1.2

VI VII VIII IX Total

64

16 17 12 4

343

1

1

1

23

28

45

2

156

35

11 12

1

164

1

6

25

6

43

25 30 41 50

45

56

69 70 59 25

49

12.2 13.3 14.8 15.2 14.0.

1.2 1.3 1.8 1.2

REPORT ON CHATTAHOOCHEE COUNTY SURVEY BY
Geo. D. Godard. The schools of Chattahoochee County run for six months in the year. The population of the county is so sparsely settled that it is not possible to consolidate schools to any great extent, until the roads are improved. The lack of funds to pay for teachers, and poor school houses with small equipment, prevent successful school work.
It is recommended that an enlarged district be formed around Cusseta, the county site, that local tax be levied, and that the term be extended making this school a high school wherein the youth of the county may have High School advantages.
With improved roads several consolidations may be made with advantage to the school work of the county.
The size of this county has been greatly reduced by the location of Camp Benning, leaving it so small a unit that it is difficult to equalize the opportunities for the children of the county.

ECHOLS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

2,267

1,046

3,313

985

774

413

49

17.6

1910

2,319

990

3,309

941

442

422

52

17.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yis.

White

1918

817

1923

717

Colored

Total

White

329

1,146

261

978

TAXA BLE VALUE 1923.

Colored 2 14

Total 2 14

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$500,694

$385,925

$618,209

$383

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

17

RECORD OP ECHOLS COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor.

SCHOOL
StatenviUe Howell Long Branch Mayday Sardis Antioch Burnett Cashmore Dayton Fruitland Haylow Hunter Needmore Roberts Walker Wetherington
Total


a) 3

7 $1,820 4

6

990 3

6

570 2

6

570 1

6

570 2

6

300 2

6

240

6

240

6

210

6

240

6

240

6

240

6

240

6

330

6

240

6

300

- 6+ $7,340 24

TM AS
P aS
to
2 .. 2
1.
1 1 ... 1

4 .... 1 1 2 .. 1 1. 1 ..
,1 .

at as so
iS.2 do

"a d!- a
3 m|

2 11 21 2 ....

162 B E C D 77. ,, . E C D 70... . E O D 52... . E D E 57... . E O E 11... . E C D 9... . E D D 21... . E D D 20... .BED 13_._ .DEE 15... . E D D 16 _ E E E 18 . E D E 43_... D D D 17..__. E D D 23 E D D

24 12 12 15 9 16 2

624 E+D+D--

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

Total

Number Accelerated

Number Normal

Number Retarded

%Accelerated

%Normal

.

%Retarded

Median Age

Med. Retardation

I 207 19 117 71
9 57 34 7.2 0.2

II
80 2 33 45 2 41 57 9.3 1.3

III IV

69

79

2 ..

25

24

42

55

3 ..

36

30

61

70

10.4 11.7

1.4 1.7

VI VII VIII IX

77 ~~49 40 17 4

1

1

17

11

22

59

37 38 15 4

1

2

...

22

22 5 11

77

76 95 89 100

13.3 14.4 15.8 16.7 17.5

2.3 2.4 2.8 2.7 2.5

Total
622 25 231 366
4 37 59

REPORT ON ECHOLS COUNTY SURVEY
BY
Geo. D. Godard.
A survey of the schools of Echols County shows the following facts and conditions amony others: 1. The County is what is usually known as a poor county; 2. It has a sparsely settled population; 3. The roads are in a deplorable condition, owing to the discontinuance of work on the roads for the purpose of putting the tax money into the dipping of cattle; 4. The school houses in four sections of the county are located near enough to each other to be consolidated, if the roads would permit; 5. The school houses are generally very poor pine houses. Some of the houses are very neatly kept by painstaking teachers, the floors and yards being found clean. 6. Many people have moved away from the county the past few months to Florida, leaving the lands without tenants and schools with a depleted enrollment. 7. Two or three houses recently constructed are built upon approved plans.
Recommendations: 1. It is recommended that at least four consolidations of white schools be made as soon as the condition of the roads will permit transportation, thus enlarging the school districts and reducing the number of teachers.

-. 3EOf

18

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

ECHOLS COUNTY (Continued)

2. The levy of a district school tax, for many reasons seems quite advisable. In the first place, the tax values of the county have been placed so low that a five-mill levy will run the schools not more than six months, and in the second place, a local tax levy upon a large district will enable the people to give to their children an equal educational opportunity with other children. Two of these enlarged districts would have some corporation tax to assist in bearing the educational burden.
3. The county high school at Statenville should receive some further assistance, that this county might give to her more advanced pupils the privilege of high school training.
The County Board of Education is out of debt and the Compulsory Attendance Law is being reason-
ably well enforced.

DOUGHERTY COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

6,692

13,370

20,062

5,092

3,769

4,464

481

28.1

1910

3,983

12,049

16,032

4,043

1,682

5,641

645

45.4

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,339

1923

1,891

Personal

Colored

Total

White

3,309 3,853

4,648

5

5,744

1

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored 182 80

Total 187 81

Polls

$4,885,245

$8,039,768

$1,882,395

RECORD OF DOUGHERTY COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor.

$2,691

SCHOOL

Boys' High, Albany

Girls'High,

"

Monroe Street, "

Flint Street,

"

Broad Street,

"

Mulberry Street, "

Cotton Mill

Acree

Putney.

Walkers...

TotaL.

H at

K

9 $9,150 6

- 9 17,680 12

9 12,200 11

9 11,120 8

9 10,040 10

9 2,205 4

9 2,655 3

9

585

1

9

765

1

9 1,035 1

9 $67,435 57

PI

"gs

H

P 01

'

55

5

12 12

12 ... 7

11 11

11 ... 1

10 7 3 9 1 1

99

9 ... 2

2

2 ...

3

3

1

1

1

.. 1

1

1

1

aS

>a)>3M>

03 *-3 60

39 122 E O

40 265 A B

383

328A--

305A+

52

81B +

3

15

7 3 21

D

2

22

E

d

a4->

S23

aa B

EA BA BA BA CA AD CO DA
DC DO

55 52 3 53 2 12 12 82 1594 C+ O B +

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

19

Grade

inmiVVVIVnvmiXXXI Total

Total

Number accelerated

Number Normal..

Number Retarded

%Accelerated....

%Normal.___

%Retarded..

Median Age.

.

Med. Retardation

200 169 194 198 179 166 Il5 93 112 77 6(3 1,569

3 4 21 19 10 15 7 6 12 5 6

108

.. 180 134 134 118 117 109 76 53 69 46 33 1,069

17 31 39 61 52 42 32 34 31 26 27

392

12 10 10 5966 10 69

7

90 79 69 59 65 65 66 57 61 59 50

68

9 19 21 31 30 26 28 37 29 35 41

25

. 6.6 7.8 8.8 10.1 11.4 12.1 13.2 13.9 15.3 16.4 17.6

0.1 0.4 0.1 0.2

0.3 0.4 0.6

REPORT ON DOUGHERTY COUNTY SURVEY BY
J. O. Martin. Dougherty County has four white schools outside of Albany. One of these is a cotton Mill School with an enrollment of 81 pupils. The three remaining schools have a total enrollment of 58 pupils. An annual amount of $2,565.00 is paid in Salaries to the teachers of these children. This is equivalent to a per capita cost of $46.00. When these three schools shall have been merged into the Albany system, the county will then have an almost perfect system of consolidation. These small schools are neat and attractive and are about as efficient as is possible to make schools of this size. There are 26 negro schools in the county. With the exception of three, these schools are above the average in building and equipment. The County School Superintendent and the County Board of Education have given much thought and attention to the care and comfort of the negro children. Their course is highly commendable. 225 white children of the county are brought into the Albany Schools. 62 of these are in the High School department. The county has recently voted $100,000 worth of bonds to match the same amount voted by Albany with which they propose to build a county High School. The present High School building is owned jointly by the county and city. It is their purpose to convert this building into a county Junior High School. A progressive and unusual spirit of co-operation exists between city and county.

JENKINS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

5,608

8,719

14,327

4,355

2,660

2,821

330

27.4

1910

4,224

7,296

11,520

3,452

1,973

2,576

288

31.2

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,590

1923

1,662

Personal

Colores

Total

White

2,504

4,094

22

2,585

4,247

7

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored 61 27

Total
83 34

PoUs

$846,126

$1,981,917

$732,269

$1,561

20

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF JENKINS COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor.

SCHOOL
MillenHigh Lanier High Long Branch Norwood Habersham Perkins Centerville Dry Branch Fair Haven Oak Hill Big Horse Creek. Buck Head Mill
TotaL.
Grade TotalNumber accelerated. Number Normal Number Retarded. _. %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation--

03 W
$10,705 4,200 4,560 4,200 1,688 1,764 960 1,188 980 1,080 540 540 600

eg
+

d

rt

OS W)

w OS'S
do

2g2o

IZj w



15 11 11 11

10 6 5

10

5

10

4

10

3

10

3

7

2

8

2

6

8

7

7

7

10 11 12 24
2
3 1
2 1 1

1 25 435 O O B A

5

219D+ D C D

4 6 2 184D+ C C C

219 D C C

82 _ EDO

73D+ ODD

2

73 D E D D

12

31. ... E D D--

2

16. ... D D E

2

71 D E D D

1

37.... E D D

16

35.... EDO

1

46

E DE

.. 8+ $33,005 51 46 39 7 27 19 25 24 29 1521.. ..E+C--C--

Age-Grade Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

383 186 133 193 156 125 139

12

9

4

3 16

9

5

247 82 75 73 61 45 47

124 95 54 117 79 71 87

3 4 3 1 10 7 3

73 49 56 37 39 36 34

24 51 41 62 51 57 63

7.0 9.4 9.7 11.5 12.3 13.3 14.6

1.4 0.7 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.6

77 3 29 45 4 37 59 15.3 1.3

52 1
26 25
1 50 49 15.8
0.8

37 6 16 15 16
43 41 16.5
0.5

31 1,512

7

75

16

717

8

720

22

5

51

47

27

48

16.8.

REPORT ON JENKINS COUNTY SURVEY. Within the past few years, three splendid consolidations have been made in the Southern part of the county. With two more consolidations the county will have completed its program for consolidations. I am sure the sooner this can be done, the better it will be for the children of the county. I found a splendid teaching force throughout the county, many of whom have been teaching in the county for a number of years. It would be wise for the county board to co-operate with the State Department of Education and put in a Jeans worker to aid the colored teachers in their work.

Population

LANIER COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

*1920 1910

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White 979

Colored 625

Total 1,604

White
4~ 28

Colored
2~ 26

Total 54

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

21

Personal
$454,451 "-Organized since 1920

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

$1,025,049

$105,495

RECORD OF LANIER COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor.

Polls $682

SCHOOL
Milltown Crisp Knight Stockton Carter Darsey Good Hope.. Oak Grove... Reedy Creek. Thigpen Waldo
Total..
Grade Total Number accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded.. %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation...

CO
,646 8 11 10 740 570 780 240 360 330 360 540 300 300

eg

a

CD g

M

w

oj M
03 foij.i2g

MS

do

m

5

389 D D E B

2

85 E D D

53--. E E D

2

73 E O D

1

29 D D D

40 D E D E

41... D E E

1

40... E E E

2

47 D E D D

1

36. E D E

1

25. E D E

6 $11,166 24 25 13 12 16 9 15

858 D E+D--D--

Age-Grade Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

180 115 117 114 110 23 12 6 7 4 101 56 46 35 40 56 47 65 72 66 12 10 5 6 3 56 49 39 30 36 32 41 56 64 61 6.9 8.6 10.3 11.6 12.5
0.6 1.3 1.6 1.5

75 1
21 53
1 28 71 13.7
1.7

69 45 2
13 "ii"
54 34
3 19 ~24~
78 76 15.3 15.9
2.3 1.9

16 1
6 37 57 16.0
1.0

11
72 28 16.5
0.5

16 84 19.0.
2. .

Total
858 56
338 464
6 39 55

REPORT ON LANIER COUNTY SURVEY.
BY Geo. D. Godard. A survey of the schools of Lanier County shows that the number of white schools is eleven, and there are eight colored schools. Nearly ninety per cent of the white children have been enrolled while about seventy per cent of the colored school population are enrolled. There are not more than four school centers in the county at which points the larger part of the children might reach school without transportation. Four school trucks might transport every school child of high school grade to Milltown, and thus develop a real county High School. There is need of a High School building at Milltown to accommodate the pupils available. The county superintendent is active in the enforcement of the compulsory attendance law among the white children, holds monthly meetings of his teachers, and keeps his Board of Education informed as to school conditions.
A budget system of expenditures is adopted and consequently the Board of Education is not in debt. The expenditures are not allowed to exceed the prospective income.
A program of consolidation is in formation and then new buildings will be erected for the schools.
Lanier is a small county and is in position to become a model in school administration.

tmm

22

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

PtTLASKI COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

4.422 9,329

7,164 13,504

11,586 22,833

3,632 7,033

2,775 3,892

2,135 4,962

241 601

24.8 30.7

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White'

Colored

Total

White

Colored

1918

1,362

1923

1,381

2,277 2,092

3,639 3,473

15

73

15

163

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Total 178

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$679,027

$2,660,158

$112,691

RECORD OF PULASKICOUNTY
BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor, Feb. 1924.

$1,588

O
Owo
CD
*PulaskiHigh Pulaski Jr. High Midway Blue Springs Browndale Central High Finleyson...
Total

Grade

i*Total

Number accelerated

Number Normal

Number Retarded

%Accelerated

%Normal

%Retarded

Median Age

Med. Retardation

.

OS CO

7 $3,500

7 1,120

7 3,150

7 1,925

7 1,560

7 1,710

7

960

5 10 27 6 10 4 4 4
3

W
+
51 2 5 3 3 3 2

<A

a

03 60

u
MO
S3

d

2g8o

w

5

155 A-- D

O

5 .... 52.... C

D

2 .._. 100 E 1 .... 87 B E
60 D

C
c c

108 D

D

I .... 40 D

D

7 $13,925 28 .___ 24 23 1 16 8 12 18 .... 602....D-- A-- O--

Age-Grade Retardation

II

III IV

VI VII VIII IX

Total

143 6
94 43
4 65 31
7.2
.2

59 1
31 27
2 52 46
8.9
.9

76 83 64 73 64 30 25

622

23

261

21

32 48 "24" 26 16 12 .5

289

42 32 40 45 42 17 20

312

23

313

3

42 57 "37" 35 24 40 20 20

46

56 40 63 62 74 57 80

51

10.2 10.7 12.4 13.4 14.6 15.4 17.1 17.5_

1.2 .7 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.4 2.1 1.5.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

23

REPORT ON PULASKI SURVEY. BY
E. A. Pound.

During the last four years, the seventeen white schools of Pulaskl have been consolidated into seven, thus replacing unsightly and ill-adapted buildings with up-to-date buildings unilaterally lighted
and better teachers, better equipment and modern conveniences. The county and city work harmoniously. A pupil completing a rural Junior High school may enter the
Senior High School of the county at Hawkinsville upon an equal basis of the adolescents of the city. The courses of study in city and country are co-ordinated and eventually this will be a system in which every
child will have an equality of educational opportunity. There are twenty negro schools in the county. At Hawkinsville, a $6,000 Rosenwald building is being
erected which will be a model for the other colored schools of the county. A Jeane's Industrial Super-
visor is employed for these schools. Pulaski employs a County Farm Agent and a Home Demonstration Agent. The length of term outside of Hawkinsville for both white and colored, is seven months. Pulaski County is making great strides educationally, and its school authorities and indeed, all
its people are to be congratulated upon the fact that a better day has dawned, educationally for those
who are to bear the burdens of the future. Recommendations: 1. Extension of length of term for all rural schools. 2. Attendance upon summer schools of all teachers who would better serve their schools. 3. The adoption of the county unit plan for county and city. 4. The development of a plan whereby more money can be secured to operate the schools. 5. More vocational teachers in the rural schools. 6. Relating of rural education more closely to the lives of the pupils who attend them. 7. Erection of two or three negro schools in the county outside of Hawkinsville. A continuance of the plan under which the colored children are taught industriaUy. 9. Continuance of the County School Fair, and the display of the products of the school children.

Population

CHATHAM COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

50,751 35,674

49,238 43,981

99,989 79,655

21,268 17,168

17,332 11,053

10,303 11,148

738 666

12.5 17.3

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

10,142

9,732

19,874

12

209

1923

12,096

11,100

23.196

4

221 52

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

,912,357

$46,390,638

$5,909,006

$8,150

24

(JKORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF CHATHAM COUNTY BY
Lawton B. Evans and Miss Lurline Parker.

CHOOL

tSenior High

Chatham Jr. High

35th Jr. High

Anderson St..._

Barnard St

Henry St

Massey St

Montgomery St

37th St

38th St

Waters Ave

Abercorn

Bethel

Bloomingdale

Isle of Hope

Pt. Wentworth

Pooler

Montgomery

S. Newington

Thunderbolt

Tybee

White Bluff

Bethesda

._

ThePape

Marist

Sacred Heart

Miss Campbell's.

The Benedictine

Total

w

OS
W

OHO
O

0w +

a>s>

>> O 05 M

0S3Sm

a; r!



s^

riH nO

S5 53

9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
9 9 9
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10

$52,837 28,053 32,757 14,883
12,937 20,393 11,409
34,617 16,770
14,075 14,674 10,750
1,737 1,677 2,383 3,158
3,222 2,456
719 4,180
839
779 960+

23 9-11 29 29

27 2 1

22 7-9 24 24

17 7 3

24 7-9 28 28

15 13 4

12 6 13 13

10

1

13 6 14 14

13

19

20 20

14

5

9

88

6

1

10

11 11 .-.- 8

1

16

16 16

14

16

15 15

9

1

16 6 15 15

11

1

8699

8

2

1

--

2

1 1 2.

2

2

2 ... 2 _

4

3 ... 3 _

3

2 1 3_

3

2 ... 2 .

1

1 ... 1 _

4

4 ... 4 _

3

1 ... 1 .

1

1 ... 1 _

3

3 ... 3 _

358 814 A+A+B--A+

922 A+ C B-- A

1004 A+ C A+ C

486 597.

...c C

755 .... c

B D D

B B B

348 .... B E B

429..... D E B

686. .... C O B

657..... O D B

741..... B B-- B+

341. .... B E C

---. 65..... E C C

65..... C B D

55..... D C B

139.... C B O

75..... O D O

86. ... C B+ B

20. ... E D+ D

149. ... C C C

.

43. ... B A C

30.... E D C

97.... E

B

19 12 17 17 ... 17 .

8 8 24 215. ...A+

A

...80%.... 348. ... A

A

888

370. ... C

A

13 1 1 ...

13.... B

8 9-12 9 9 ...

1 .... 30 144. ... B

9 $286,265 252 ....269 257 4 210 51 29....412 9694.... C C-

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Total

Nxrumb0etraVA-- cceVle--ra*t-e-:d; Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated ^Normal ^Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

1045
3

974 1079 1109
12 17 33

887
25

833
30

74419

65128

53557

33749

23550

12966

8,676 343

840 711 653 623 410 441 364 359 365 235 202 251 409 453 452 362 344 207 157 110
.3 1.2 1.6 .3 2.8 3.6 5.5 8.4 6.3 9 80 73 60.5 56.2 46.2 49.7 48.6 56.5 65.5 62

165 50 14 66

134 36 13 3 684

5,300 3,033
3.9 61

19.7 25.8 37.9 40.8 51 46.7 45.9 35.1 28.2 29 20 183 __. 6.9 8.1 9.2 10.4 11.8 12.5 13.4 14.1 14.9 15.9 16.7 175

35.1

.1 .2 .4 .8 .5 .4 .1

REPORT ON SURVEY OF CHATHAM COUNTY SCHOOLS. BY
Lawton B. Evans and Miss Lurline Parker, Jan. 1924. Savannah is the oldest city in Georgia and there is every evidence of solidity, dignity and conservatism. Many years ago some of the present school buildings were erected under conditions that were no doubt satisfactory at the time but which do not meet the demands of present educational programs We find the administration of the schools seriously embarrassed by lack of assembly halls, cloak rooms and in some of the old buildings, a serious lack of playground space around them. We consider that in modern school buildings rooms for the assembly of aU pupils and ample space around the buildings are necessary for the efficient management of the pupils. This handicap is not curable except at great expense and

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

25

the school officials of Savannah recognize the difficulty under which they are laboring, but for which
they are not responsible. We are glad to note that there is considerable improvement in the consolidation of rural schools and
the building of a number of up-to-date school houses in the rural districts for the accomodation of children who live outside the city. These buildings are well lighted, properly heated and are so constructed that when the doors are opened the entire structure becomes practically an assembly hall. We hope that the school authorities of Chatham County will be able to complete their purpose of consolidating all of their rural schools, both white and colored, into model schools such as those that have already been built.
We were received with great courtesy and cordiality by the school officials and by the teachers and our visit was profitable to us and made pleasant by the facilities which were afforded us for our investigation. The Superintendent and his office force were at our disposal, and we desire to thank them for the prompt and excellent way in which all of the statistical information was gathered and the clear way
in which it was presented for our review. We noted with pleasure the many excellent things in the school system. The buildings which have
recently been erected are well-lighted, of ample school-room dimensions, are well kept and many of them show signs of decoration and ornamentation which make them a pleasure to the pupils and the teachers. Unfortunately, we think in some instances there is a crowding of pupils in the grades made necessary by the lack of sufficient funds to employ a sufficient force to properly distribute the children. To us many of the grades seemed crowded with an excessive enrollment, which acts as a handicap to efficient teaching by even the excellent teachers who are employed. Grades which run 50 to 60 pupils to a teacher can not be as satisfactorily handled as those that run 40 to 45 to a teacher. Under the general understanding of the profession nowadays an average enrollment of 40 pupils to a teacher is about as many as one school room should have. Even with this handicap, however, we were satisfied that the instruction is excellent,
and the teachers are doing a good work. , The attendance upon the schools is good and regular throughout all the grades. There is not
much falling off from grade to grade and we commend the adherence of the pupils to their promotions and the number of those which remain in the higher grades. The division of the course of study into six (6) grammar grades, three (3), Junior High School, and three (3) Senior High School grades makes the administration easy and the promotion attractive.
The Age-Grade Retardation is above the average, there being less than 30% of retardation in mo st
of the schools. We call your attention to the system by which the Board of Education supplies the pupils with text
books by rental. The Board buys the text books and retains the ownership of them, renting them to the pupils for one year's use at less cost than the pupils could buy them from the dealers. At the end of the year the books are collected and distributed to other pupils at the beginning of the next term. Under this system every child brings to the school on the day of its opening the necessary rental money for these books needed during the entire year, which also includes school supplies. Under the teachers' direction the books are well cared for and at the end of the year are accounted for. This makes the life of a book three to five years, whereas under the pupil's ownership the life of a book is rarely more than two years and sometimes only one. This is an approach to the free textbook plan and is much superior to the pupil's purchase and ownership of his books.
The most serious handicap of the Chatham County Schools is lack of sufficient funds for carrying on the activities that are proposed. The present law limits the taxing power of the Board to five (5) mills which results in an insufficient fund to maintain a school system of its size and importance.The result was that last year the City Council had to appropriate $100,000 to supplement the fund, and even that is now insufficient. Some provision should be made by law by which the Chatham County Board could increase their levy to an amount sufficient to maintain their school system as it should be maintained, without calling upon the City Council for a supplementary appropriation and without discouraging the school authorities by their inability to carry out all the plans they may have in mind.
The Junior High School is probably one of the best structures of its kind in the state. It contains all the modern school propositions and is a source of pride to the people of Savannah. The lack of funds as above mentioned has prevented the Board from fully equipping this splendid building and its activities are not yet full under way. Its popularity is shown by its already crowded condition, giving evidence of the fact that the public will respond to a fine school by sending their children to take advantage of its
privilege. The system is fortunate to have as progressive and capable officers as Superintendent, Mr. C. B.
Gibson and Asst. Superintendent, Mr. Frank Ferguson, whose wisdom and skill are shown in every department, with their close supervision and careful attention to the needs of the schools. The teachers gwe every evidence of ability, and the tests submitted to us show the results of good instruction.
The details of the school system are shown in the statistical reports which were carefully compiled
and which accompany this report.

26

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

ROCKDALE COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10

16-20

Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

5,986

3,534

9,520

3,042

2,275

928

80

13.3

1910

5,324

3,592

8,916

2,625

1,822

1044

134

16.5

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,649

1923

1,644

Personal

Colored

Total

White

1,012

2,661

19

1,070

2,714

14

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
78 84

Total
97 98

Polls

$741,134
SCHOOL
Conyers . . Milstead.. Bethel Magnet Oak Grove Smyrna Trangle Grove Union Velta Cedar Gr sve .. Ebenezer Haynes Creek. Midway Oakland Princeton..--.. Rockdale Rock Hill
TotaL

$1,514,727

$66,195

RECORD OF ROCKDALE COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor, Jan. 1924.

$1,263

m

HK

H

'm3

9 $10,395

9 9,150

7

558

7

558

7

570

7

558

7

498

7

558

7

546

7

306

7

306

7

282

7

306

7

330

7

330

7

330

7

30fi

7+ $25,887

+^

aXfl
oo A 6 'A

A
60
OS
m
CaD
CO
0

m U
CD
Ao

amaa

CO

in i
d Slin

'A 03

oS in

--< 0)

a CD

g

CD >> A OS

03 M

H 8- o3 T!

+

1 +3 dW do

03

* CM --H

A

Pi
a
O
a
w

CD
+a^
CD
A 0
03

CD a

oCD
OS
oM

fOfl

+3
a

CD
60

30

3

< W

12 11 12 12

8 4 5 25 302 0 B A A

11 7981634

237 D A-- A

28211111

67 E D E

2822

1111

50 E E D D

282111118

55 E E E D

38211112 12 2 68 E E D

282

2 11

53 E E D D

382111122

55 E D E

282111115

52 E E D O

17 1

16-... E D E

17 1

30 E D D

17 1

1

17 E D E

161

... 1 1

31 E E E

2 7 11

1

1

31 O E D

17 1 1

113

36 D D D

17 1 1

1 .. ..11

1 71

l

IT

27 E B E E

an

v. r v.

48 43 30 13 26 17 22 32 27 1157E+D-- D D

Grade

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS Age-Grade Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

27 XI Total

Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal.._. %Retarded Median Age Median Retardation

262 138 140 134 137 116 108 56 28 24 19 1,162

11 94157235

2

49

184 69 70 62 60 48 33 19 18 19 12

594

67 60 66 71 72 61 73 34 5 5 5

519

47313625 18 0 10

4

70 50 50 46 44 41 30 34 64 79 63

51

26 43 47 53 53 53 68 61 18 21 27

45

7.0 8.7 9.8 11.1 12.1 13.1 14.5 15.4 14.0 16.2 16.8.

7 .8 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.5 1.4

.2

REPORT ON ROCKDALE COUNTY SURVEY. BY
J. O. Martin. The character of the Rockdale teachers is above the average. The daily attendance of the pupils is normal and the classroom'work shows the effects of honest effort. The Conyers High School receives $1,000 thru the Barrett-Rogers Act, and as a result of this 47 pupils from the rural districts were enrolled there last fall in the high school. This has relieved many of the rural schools of the burden of attempting high school work. The greatest needs of the county are the following:
1 .Consolidation of the majority of the schools and planning for three or four Junior High Schools.
2. The construction of better roads leading to these central schools. 3. Increase of county-wide local tax to 4 or 5 mills. 4. Lengthening of the school term to 8 months. 5. Increasing salary of County School Superintendent to an amount enabling him to devote his
entire time to the work. 6. Construction of buildings according to State adopted plans.

MliHHHHHMMHniHlBH^^^^^H' '

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education
N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Act of October 3,1917, authorized October 5,1923.

Vol. 1

Atlanta, March 31,1924

No. 11

Financial Itemizing--Continued
Continuing our discussion of the problems of school finances in the last issue of the Items we desire to compare two appropriations made by the General Assembly in the general Appropriations Act. One, an appropriation that is merely permissive under the Constitution--an appropriation that the Legislature is permitted to make provided there are sufficient funds in the Treasury.
The other, the common school appropriation, which is mandatory, for the Constitution contains this clause "There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of the children as nearly uniform as practicable, the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation or otherwise. The schools shall be free to all of the children of the State, and separate schools shall be provided for the white and
colored races."
It would seem that if either one of these appropriations were to be favored it would be that of the common schools. But this is not the practice. The first appropriation is paid monthly. The common school appropriation is not paid for more than a year later. There is certainly nothing in the law that makes this distinction for both appropriations are in the same General Appropriations Bill, and there is no legislative direction that the common school fund should be delayed or should be discriminated against in favor of other appropriations. Then why this discrimination.? Why penalize the children of Georgia? Is their education of less value to the state than every other appropriation made--these children, tousled of hair peering into a future, not knowing whence or whither, but upon whose shoulders rests the destiny of empire? Why charge these children $260,000 interest and not charge it to any other appropriation in
the state?
We have received letters from children of Georgia, pleading to us to continue their schools. These schools were to be closed at the end of five months because there were no funds to continue them. They begged that means might be provided that they might continue in school as long as some other children in the state had the opportunity. Yet the pleading of thes e children had to be in vain for the state is penalizing them in favor of other appropriations and departments.
If custom has tied the knot so that it cannot be undone, then is it not time to cut this Gordian knot and free the children of Georgia from this unjust penalty. Let us correct this thing.
FINANCIAL REPORT.
In this issue of the Items will be found a complete financial statement of the school systems of the entire state. We have taken a great deal of pains to make this as accurate and complete as possible. The county school superintendents and treasurers of local systems have cooperated with us in accomplishing this. We sincerely thank all of them for their efforts that has made this, perhaps, the most complete and accurate financial report ever made by the state as a whole.
We have not been able to get reports from Bishop and Pine Grove in Oconee County, and Martin.in Stephens County. We regret this very much and have made every effort possible to obtain them but for some reason unkown to us the school officials of those places have failed to furnish the information requested. Otherwise this financial statement is complete.
In analyzing this statement you will observe that a balance of $3,547,322.61 was on hand January first 1923. Much of this resulted from the sale of bonds for school buildings that had not been expended previously. Two Million Eight Hundred Twenty-Five Thousand, One Hundred Four Dollars and fiftythree cents ($2,825,104.53) was from Atlanta and the other was distributed throughout the state.

tmm

mm

2

GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

Also under the head of "other sources" there occurs approximately $2,000,000 for temporary loans that was returned during the year and should not be a part of the actual receipts for the operation of the schools. Hence, subtracting this two million dollars gives for total receipts $17,580,177.34.
Under the head of "expenditures" this $2,000,000 used in the payment of temporary loans should be deducted. Hence the total expenditures for all purposes for the year would be $17,291,646.98.
This is indeed a splendid showing. We can not help but feel proud of what Georgia is doing in supporting her common schools. Yet the question arises, did we get this much real educational value for the money expended.
Judge Covington, upon the floor of the House of Representatives, stated that the loss of motion and wastage in the common schools was tragic. To what extent this wastage and loss has affected the results behooves us to study carefully and we may find it better not to ask for more money but to expend more wisely that which we are now receiving.
There is a great loss due to the faulty administrative system in Georgia. This can not be estimated so much in dollars and cents as it can be in the loss to the children in obtaining that education and that equipment for life that the State is expecting and really paying for.
There is another great loss that is entirely financial, due to the methods and time of payments of the school fund. This ought to be--and I believe it will be--corrected as soon as it is called to the attention of the General Assembly and they understand what this great loss means to the children of Geogia. Let us put forward every effort to see that this money that we now receive is wisely and correctly spent.
GEORGIA EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION.
The Georgia Educational Association will hold its annual session at Savannah May 1 to 3. I earnestly urge every superintendent in Georgia not only to become a member of this association, but to urge each and every teacher and school official in each city and county to do likewise. While you may not be able to attend, yet that support you give it by being a member will be of great help and assistance.
Georgia has reached the "parting of the way"--half a century of achievements is back of us. We are confidently looking forward to the next fifty years for still greater accomplishments. Certain errors that have entered into our school system of the past must be corrected. Many of these will be legislative, principally involving administration and financial support. Due to these, great inequality exists throughout the state in educational opportunity. Some children attend school for nine months--taught by splendid teachers; others attend only five months and, in many instances, taught by inferior teachers. Let us unite all of the educational forces of the state in one body and present a solid front.
ASSOCIATION OF SCHOOL OFFICIALS.
A large number of Superintendents have written concerning their wish as to whether this association should meet with the Georgia Educational Association or have a separate session at some other place and time. The majority favor a separate meeting. However, I am convinced that there should be a conference of these superintendents at Savannah in connection with the Georgia Educational Association and therefore I am calling you to meet in conference at Savannah on Friday, May 2nd, at 3 P. M. I hope that every member of the Boards of Education and every superintendent that can possibly be present will come and join in this conference. Some very important matters dealing with the schools of Georgia will be presented. While the program will be informal, with no set speeches, yet I hope that every one will come prepared to offer such suggestions and solutions to our school problems as may have been found by him to be a satisfactory solution in his own school work. It will be determined at this conference whether to call the Association of Superintendents and School Officials together in official meeting at another time and place.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

MACON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10 School I Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

5,639 4,434

12,027 10.581

17,666 15,015

5,791 4.501

3,088 3,084

2,878 3,345

331

22.2

722

31.2

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

1918

1,549

2,954

4,503

1923

1,566

3,723

5,289

27 9

201 139

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Total
228 148

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

SI.72.620

$2,935,633

$271,605

KECORD OF MACON COUNTY BY
W. B. Hill & M. L. Duggan, Supervisors, Feb. 1924.

$3,284

SCHOOL
Montezuma Marshallville Oglethorpe Ideal CutOff GardenValley Pleasant Hill \ Central 'Delta Englishville Gum Springs Laws Lebanon Lutheran Maple Dell Pinelevel Sunny Dell Whitewater
Total

75
"3
03

9 $14,470

9

6,960

9

3,780

9

3.600

8

1,080

8

1,380

8

1.120

8

600

8

800

8

480

8

560

8

600

8

560

8

640

8

520

8

640

8

680

8

520

8+ $38,990

a

S5

P a)

P3

a

a
SS.2

a

S3 .
dO

3

m

22 11 16 14

13

10

7 11 7 7 __ 5

6

6 10 5 5 __ 5

4

10

5 .- 5

3

9

2 .. 1 1 2

7

1 1 2 .--- 2

1

11

481 E

A

159__1.

A

__ 99 D B B B

123.-- B B B

38.-- B C C

__ 44

CDD

36 C D C D

34 D C C D

15

BDD

15. E D D

35_ D D D

40- E D E

16- E D E

20_ E D C

36- D C D

25- E E D

40- D D D

18- E D D

60

50 39 8 37 10 33

1274____ D+C-

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

MACON COUNTY (Continued)

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

I II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

Total
Number Accelerated... Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

_ 209 130 155 108 134 102

""" 4 141

2 85

2 85

1 66

1 67

12 53

111.'." '__. _
"" """
~ ~" ~ ['_

64 2
07
31 7.3

43 2
65 33 8.5

68 1
55 44
9.8

41 1
61 38
10.7

66 1
50 49 11.9

37 2
52 36 12.3

o.3 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.3

127 107

2

5

67 48

58 54

5

53 45

45 50

13.8 15.0

0.8 1.0

76
IS"
31
60 40 15.7 0.7

XI

43 25

1

1

27 19

15 5

24

63 76

35 20

16.6 17.3

0.6 0.3

Total
1,216 31
703 482
3 58 39

MACON COUNTY. BY
M. L. Duggan and W. B. Hill.

Hmigxh,

JVS yorthy of note that schools run nine months.

Macon

County

operates

all

schools

eight

months,

while

the

four

Senior

The percentage of age-grade retardation is only 39, which is a better showing than in most Georgia counties.

Of the forty seven teachers in the county forty one hold first grade or professional licenses while only six show unsatisfactory scholarship.

The consolidated county high school at Montezuma deserves especial mention, for with sixteen teachers it serves more than one-third of the children of the entire county
Nearly three-fourths (71%) of all the children of the county are served by the four senior high schools with thirty three teachers, while the remaining twenty nine per cent are served by fourteen teachers m twelve little schools, all of these little schools, except one, attempting more or less high school work, and ten of these fourteen teachers serving their first year at their present schools.
Inequality of educational opportunity is evident.

HART COUNTY.
UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
12,320 11.136

Colored
5,624 5,080

Total
17,944 16,216

6-18 Years
5,818 5,065

Attending School
4,928 3.477

Over 10 Years
1,603 2,545

16-20 Years
130 274

Per Cent
12.7 22.9



STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
3,926 4,190

Colored
1,688 1,895

Total
5,614 6,085

White
66 26

Colored 50

Total
134 76

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal $614,928

Land $8,036,716

Corporation $197,769

Polls $2,084

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF HART COUNTY BY
W. B. Hill & M. L. Duggan, Supervisors, March 1924.

SCHOOL
*Hartwell ReedCreek Sardis AirLine *Bowersville GoldMine Cokesbury Duncan Eagle Grove Nuberg Vanna Viola Bio Beulah . Cedar Creek Cross Roads Flat Shoals KingsBench Midway Milltown Mt. Hebron Rock Spring Shoal Creek TJnionHill Vernon
Adams Camp Ground Liberty Liberty Hill New Prospect Rice.
Total

a

w

si >



Mr]

o3

03 M

--

9 $18,270

7

3,512

7

3,272

6

1,832

9

3,735

6

1,876

6

1,059

6

395

6

998

6

1,257

6

1,004

6
6

1,314 702

6

900

6

707

6

626

6

624

6

550

6

516

6

> 529

6

708

6

658

6

799

6

761

6

648

6

383

6

852

6

383

6

351

6

351

6

324

03 Da)

28 11 16 16

15 1

10 10 9 9

81

6965 1 6

494314

6 10 5 3 2 5 ....

5953223

393123

383

321

2 3

9 9

3 3

2 1

1 2

3 2

1

3 10 3 2 1 2 1

3

3 3 .. 2 1

2

21111

2

21 1

2

112

3

3112

2

2 1 1 ... 2

2

2.2

2 8 2 -..- 2 2 ....

2 8 2 .... 2 1 1

2722

2 ---.

2 9 2 2 2 __-

2 7 2 2 --.. 2 ._-

2722

2 -._.

2 7 2 ...- 2 1 1

271 1

-.. 1

2 8 2 2 .... 1 1

1 9 1 -_-. 1 1 ...

1 7 1 _--_ 1 ... 1

1 7 1 -... 1 ._- 1

1 7 1 .... 1 ___ 1

03 .
do

3 40 577-.-. O

4

315 E E

10 1 227 E E

15

158 D E

9 4 145 D D

4

212 E E

10

91... D

1

97 D E

3

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7

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1

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5

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4

63 E E

1

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1

114 E E

2 4 1 85--. E

2

64 D E

2 _-.- 1 45..-. E

17

60 E D

56-.-. E

61 C E

1

32-__ E

28

72 E D

2

... 52 E E

18

49-- E

1 4 2 50 B E

1

26... E

1

42--

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46-- E

1

43 _ E

A

B

B

C

BC

CD

CC

O A B

Cc c

BB

CD

BB

BB

BB

CD

DD

DD

DD

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BD

DD

ED
BC

DD

C0

DD

DD

DD

DC

EE

. 6+ $50,354 101

96 62 34 77 19 50 108 57 3293D+ E+ C+ D

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

I II III IV

VI VII VIII

793 28 486 279
3

376 7
140 229
2

364 8
140 216
2

390 18
121 251
5

314 4
101 209
1

294 6
102 186
2

260 7
100 153
3

197 2 70
125 1

61 37 38 31 32 35 38 36

3J> 61 " A 9.4 0-4 1.4

60 10.4
1.4

64 11 6
16

67 12 7
17

63 13.7
1.7

59 14.5
1.5

63
15 1

IX
120 2 46 72 2 38 60 16.5 1.5

88 3 44 41 3 50 47 16.9
0.9

XI
51 1
23 27
2 45 53 18.2
1.2

REPORT ON HART COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan and Walter B. Hill.

Total
3,247 86
1,373 1,788
3 42 55

Discipline at schools is good. Pupils have serious attitude towards work. The teachers are doing good work, considering the unfavorable conditions that east in some

schools More equipment and more space are needed at some schools. The school work is suffering on

account of this.

,,

The Superintendent, Board, and teachers deserve to be commended for the results being

obtained with the funds available. Hart County has 3600 white children of school age, and no

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
HART COUNTY (Continued)
more real progress can be made without more money. Either the tax values must be raised, or some other source of revenue must be found. At present, only $1.82 per child is available from county funds for all children. Twelve districts now have local tax and several more should vote it. 5. Hartwell High School deserves to be commended for fine work and for the spirit of cooperation shown. 6. Reed Creek and Bowersville schools have 10 grades; Goldmine, Air Line, Nuberg, Sardis, Mt. Olivet, and a new school located near Providence Church in Shoal Creek District should have nine grades; Vanna and a new school to be located at Bailey's gin should have 7 grades. These are all the schools needed. The other districts should be consolidated with these, or divided among them, in accordance with recommendations of the State Department of Education. T. Hart County deserves praise for having three exellent schools for vocational agriculture. Sardis, Hartwell and Reed Creek. This work is building up these high schools and proving of great benefit to the country boys. An industrial supervisor for the Negro Schools should be employed with the aid of the Jeanes Fund through the State Department of Education. Effort should be made to build one modern building each year for the Negroes, with the help of the Rosenwald Fund. A brick County Training School for the Negroes is now being built at Hartwell.

Population

JOHNSON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

1920 1910

7,881 7,340

5,665 5,557

13,546 12,897

Years
4,373 4,066

School
2,839 2,079

Years
1,626 1,879

Years
182 232

16.9 21.2

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1923

2,659

1918

2.743

Personal

Colored

Total

White

1,766

4,425

15

2.022

4,765

56

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
55 138

Total
70 194

Polls

$619,117
Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded '/^Accelerated.. %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation.

$2,032,758

$238,264

Age-Grade Retardation

$1,850

i II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

459 5

205 14

274 16

255 15

232 13

202 13

163 4

326 113

128 78

1

7

71 55

28 38

6.E 8.7

103 155
6 38 56
10.4

83 157
6 33 61
11.7

91 128
6 39 55 12.3

71 118
6 35 59 13.4

49 110
3 30 67 14.7

70 2 23 45 3 33 64 15.4

42 6
20 16 14 47 39 15.4

0-7 1-4 1.7 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.4 0.4

X XI
43 25 83 22 17 13 5 19 12 51 68 30 20 16.2 17 2 0.2 0.2

Total
1,970 99
918 953
5 46 48

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF JOHNSON COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, W. B. Hill & Sarah M. Duggan, Supervisors, Dec. 1923.

SCHOOL

Wright sville

Kite

Scott

Meeks

Eureka

Green Hill

MayoMill

Moore's Chapel

New Home

.

Piney Mt

..

Pleasant Grove

Rehobeth

Spann

Wheeler

Arline

Cedar Grove

EdgeHill

Gethsemane

Greenway

Liberty..

Mattie Lou

Myrtle Grove

Powell's Chapel

Price

Pullen '_

Red Hill

v

Stokes

Sunshine

Union

:

Wesley

Total

9
8 8 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 --- 6 --6 6 6 6
6 6

a
"3
CO
$7,880 4,520 3,145 900 630 630 630 690 630 630 690 720 630 690 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 300 360 360 360

6+ $28,655

a) W

+ w

I 01 OS

td

CO

1

11 11 11 11

11

1

5 11 10 10

9

4

1 11 5 5 .. 4

3

3

31

2

1

2

2 2 _- 1

2

2

2 2 .. 2

2

21

1

1

2

22

1

1

3

21

2

1

22

2

2

2 2 __

2

2 2-

2

2

21

2

2 2 ...

1 ._

1 ..

1 _.

1 ..

1 ..

1

1 _. 1 .. 1 .. 1.

60 --. 65 56 9 55 10 27

T3

tf

|S,2

IS

go

2



320 C

AA

.-. 279 D

CC

152 D

CD

99 D

CD

69 --

EE

52....

EE

58

CDE

51--. E D E

67--- D D E

55^--. E E

48.-- E D D

55..-- E E E

43 -- E D E

-.-. 54... D D E

.... 23--. E D D

._-- 14-._. E D D

.... 30-_-. E E D

.... 34-__. E E D

-._. 32... D D D,

.... 39-- E D D

.... 24-... E E E

17..-- E E D

__- 37-- E D E

-__ 33... E D E

_--_ 34-- E E E

_ _ 51__- E E E

33__- E I) E

41... E D E

-__- 37-- E D E

-__ 34-- D E E

-1905 E+ D D

JOHNSON COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan & W. B. Hill A rapid inspection of the schools of Johnson County reveals progress in some places. Especially is this evident at Kite, Wrightsville, and a few other points. Most of this progress appears to be the result of local initiative rather than inspired and directed from any central administration. The county school system, as a whole, does not appear to have functioned satisfactorily as shown

from the tabulations made.

.

Of the 2 743 white children in the county (according to the last school census) only about nineteen

hundred are reported in the schools. This would seem to indicate over eight hundred white children

not in school.

, ., ,

Furthermore, the tabulations show that most of those children who are in the schools are over-

age for their grades. By far, the majority of the pupils of the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and

eighth grades are several years too old for their respective grades, many of them from four to six and

more over-age. Comparatively few of the children enter the first grade until after they are seven or more

years old. Many of the school houses are still antiquated and unfit and without adequate teaching equip-

1 A larger percentage of the teachers hold first grade certificates, but at a majority of the schools, the teacher is serving for her first year, which indicates frequent changes.
A strong central control and direction is essential to an adequate public school system for the
county.

Population

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
FULTON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20

Per Cent

1920 1910

162,354 119,663

70,200 57,985

2.:s2,554 177,648

Years
48,893 38,263

School
41,406 25,487

Years
13,224 13.096

Years
733 707

6.9 9.2

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

29,490

1923

44,567

Colored
11,312 21,208

Total

White

40,802

119

65,775

21

TAXABLE VALUE 1823.

Colored
129 49

Total
248 70

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$53,941,430

$150,048,835

if 27,513,083

RECORD OF FULTON COUNTY BY
C. B. Gibson & Miss Lurline Parker, January 1924

$25,720

SCHOOL
Adair *Atlanta Nor. & Faith *Calhoun

9 $21,604 15 9 41,213 20 9 26,300 22

1to

4>

ft

X

H

+ 03 > 03

14 14 _ 25 25 .. 18 18 ..

14 ... 23 2 17 1

aa

>> >>s a tf

03

03 Wl
& Si

a

03 * 7? 0

6 oO a

* S3 w

o
a 3-a o$ Sa
30 3 mw

1

449

BAA

16

634..._ D A A

7

500A + C/A A

Crew Davis Edgewood : ELa W. Smillie English Ave FairSt Formwalt Forrest Ave Georgia Ave Goldsmith Grant Park HHiilgl hland Home Park Inman Park Ira Street Jas. L. Key J.C.Harris John B. Gordon #Kirkwood

9 18,837 10

9 18,072 13

9 20.966 14

9 14,819

9

; 9 46,381 35

9 20,296 15

9 28,936 10

9 16,067

8

9 24,182 16

9 10^272

6

9 28,500 20

9 24,338 17

9 21,719 14

9 22,620 15

9 24,756 13

9 15^752 12

9 26,869 20

9 26,534 21

9 18,938 13

9 27,925 20

13 13 _. . 11 13 13 _. 10 15 15 _. . 13 10 10 _. 9 35 35 .. 30 16 16 ._ 11 21 21 __ 18 12 12 _. 9 17 17 .. 15 7 7 __ 5 21 21 __ 18 18 18 __ 17 15 15 .. 14 16 16 _. 15 18 18 .. 14 12 12 .. 9 20 20 __ 14 19 19 _. 15 14 14 ... 11 21 21 .. 17

23 35 23 11 59 59 38 35 14 22 34 15 12 1 2. 49 3 10 . 6 8. 4 7. 3 7. 4 10

. 408. . 386_ . 453 . 340_ .1107. . 548 . 756. . 339. . 480. . 190. 680. 675. 447. 572.
520_. . 367. . 764.
632395535-

IE

B A-- A

DE B
BcB

AAA

?; A-- A

cC

A O

A A

BAB

D
c

A A--

B B

DCA

AAA

0AA

D E

A
c

A A

E DB

BAA

BAA

C
c

A /A

A A

\

Lee St Luckiest Marietta St

9 25,897 16

9 27,413 16

9 11,839

4

18 18 ... 17 1 18 19 19 ... 14 5 2 9 9 ... 5 4 5

IE 586-..- D A A 568..... B A-- A 273--. E E B

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF FULTON COUNTY.

Milton Ave

*OMaokrlealannddCity Ormewood Peeples

*Pryor SS.laMt o. nInman '. Spring St Stanton State Stewart TenthSt 4Whiteioord W Opilpliaomrtsunity Bass Jr. High Jos. E. Brown Jr. High Hoke Smith Jr. High O'Keefe Jr. High fGirls' High

l*(CtBoomyms'eHrciigahl High... fTechHigh

t Fulton High

Ben Hill

Benteen

Bolton

Cascade

Center Hill

Central

Chattahoochee

Cross Roads

E. P. Howell

Grove Park

Hammond

Hapeville

Hemphill

Humphries

Lakewood Heights

LibertyHill

Marion Smith

Mayson

Morgan Falls

Mt. Olive

Mt. Vernon

Peachtree Heights

Perkerson

RockSprings

R. J. Quinn

R.L.Hope

Rosserville

West Haven

Woodmere

"College Park High

tEE'Eaaassstt tPPPoooiininnttt

Sr. High Central Church St

East Point Harris St

TFeuclthonHiBN. i&ghCt.

School Mill Night

EAClteeln.. tW TraroalmdNeaingshCt lub

oG. M. A Marist College

N. A. P. S

St. Anthony

Washington Seminary..

Woodberry Hall

(Continued)

9'
9 9 9
9 9
9 9 9 9 9 9
9

9,654 22,825 19,390 12,319 23,045 14,839 24,063 20,809 18,503 10,652 21,684
9,012 21,384

7

7 7.

13

17 17 _

15

14 14 .

8

9 9-

15

16 16 -

9

10 10 .

17 6 17 17 -

17 6 15 15 -

13 (i 13 13 .

6 6 7 7_

14 6 15 15 .

10 6 7 7 .

14 6 14 14 -

9
9 9
9 9

6,480 21,038 18,993 72,024 50,725

6 6 5 5_ 13 6 14 14 . 10 Sp. 15 15 . 22 2 39 39 . 26 2 28 28 .

75,318 36 2 41 41

64,241 31 2 37 37

85,794 28 8-11 42 42

46,212 18 8-11 22 22

88,455 37 8-11 40 40

116,838 60 3 62 62

32,000+ 17 8-11 20 20

9

2,430

3

33

2,516

4733

9 9

5,220 1,575

9

6,997

9

1,710

9

4,027

9

900

9

7,222

9

7,402

9

2,805

9
9 9 9

10,867 1,530
2,430 9,450

9

585

9

9,202

9 9

1,800 900

9 9

1,530 4,759

9

5,530

9

3,172

9 2,403

9

2,565

9 9

4,837 1,575

9

3,217

9

675

9 17,875

9

7,700

9 11,035

7777

2 72

879

2 7 2 2_

4 7 5 5.

2 7 1 1.

6 7 9 9.

7 7 10 9

4 9 4 4.

9 7 15 14

2 7 2 2.

4733

8 7 12 10

2 10

7 7

1 12

ii

2722

27 1 1

722

766

777

4743

4733

3733

6765

272

374

14 1 1

26 11 22 22

12 6 7 7

15 6 14 14

9

5,005

36

9
9 9 9 9

4,915

656

5,1: 864+
450+ 16,910+

" .

Voc Voc

vVoc

37 7

14
2 2
3 34

2o,400 12 7

14 2 2 3 34 13 14

17 12

20

47

4

23 12

24

5,000

4

4

5

15

11

8

14

10

16

10

15

11

4

7

199.-. D A-- A

585A- A A A

397-.. B A A

237.. D D A

510. _ B 15 A

303-. B A A

579-. B A-- A

508A + A A B

393

AAA

173--. D E A

14 4 14 _
4 12
15 35 26
39 34
42 . 22 . 40 62 . 18
.3 .3 .3 .2
9 .2 .4

1 2 2 5 39 28 24 37 6 3 6 6 3 2 2 2
2 3
1

511- O C A

256. A D A

495

A0A

205- 0 D 15

463. B D A

994_

EC

1008A + O A A

697_._. C A C

..1049A + D D 15

975.... C A B

100 1092. D E A

.265 530 -A 1 ...

. 14 1015

DDA

489 1300

DE A

.. 601

... E B

106

c: O C

4

87 .... D C C

44

257

CBA

60.... E D C

27

296

E DA

36.... D C C

212

EDC

1

32

ECC

72

298

EEC

73

75 5 390

CAC

4.

1 ... 136

DE C

10 5

586-.-._ O

A

11 21

96...._ E

C

.114 .. _ C

A

93

35

516- - C B- A

1
"16" 1

. 29-- B C C . 380.. E E B

2 1

. 76 .. . 42..

EEC

E

c

1

1 . 63-. 0

D

5

30 . 219.. D D C

6

18

37.. A B+ A

4 .. 2

175... . C

A

3

12

81--. . E

C

3

3

72... . A B B

4

2

209.._ . B C B

1 5 -. 59... . E E C

2 10

147._. . C C C

1

15._. . E . E

21

14 41 881 A B-- D A

6

3 163 ... 172... . B A+ A

14 ,

4 90 ... .375 A-I CCA

4

1

250.-. -DAB

6.

1

250.._ _ D B B

14

4

E _--.

2

1

2

1

3

1

34

9

1200--. EDA

13

5

. 14

2 30 208... B

A

. 17

8

288... A

A

.4

1 30 20 117... B

. 24

6 25 301... A

A

.4

1

53 __. A

A

Total

9 $1,758,293 1143...-12921278 13 1145141 483 575 1010 37 303-.0-- C +- B +

"VBuiiding recently destroyed by fire. In DaKalb County

10

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF FULTON COUNTY (Continued)
Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
M Nu^mJbwerVA"cceVle" raVted,, Number Normal
?/orAcecTceeierrRaaetteeddrde<i--
%Normal ^Retarded M Med^. RTet^ar,d-a;ti-on

I II HI IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Total

4942

4731
24

4483
55

4288
92

4023
89

3370
83

2979
123

2729
52

153885

126843

105487

14536

3873 3386 2818 2482 2270 1789 1732 1478 907 754 686 99

.-__1065 .5^1 ^1TM2 \ 162 6t U2 98 14 124 12 199 2 640 5 ^> 5 33 2"
78 71.5 62 57 56 53 57 56 57 58 6S fit

21.5 27.5 37 41 42 45 39 42 41 37 30 35

07.-22 08.-44 09.'55 100.-66 U0.-77 102.'88 103.'66 104.8.8 105.7.7 106.6.6 107.44. i? 5

35 762134 22 274
K?2
Jt 35

FULTON COUNTY BY
Carlton B. Gibson and Miss Lurline Parker, Jan. 1924. The schools of Fulton County embrace the Atlanta School system, the largest in Georgia, the numerous private and parochial schools, white and colored, the independent systems at College Park and East Point, and the Georgia Military Academy at College Park.
The Atlanta City Schools have recently had a thorough survey by Strayer and Englehardt who are experienced and expert in such matters and whose volume of findings was published After that survey the people voted $4,000,000 bonds for buildings enabling the Board of Education and the school officials to go forward in the building of a great school plant and the development of an inspiring school system. The plant is not yet complete but in all the progress that has been made a great far sighted objective has been kept in mind. The City School system has developed within the past few years in a way that should be a source of great pride to all Georgians. It has sought to serve all the people and has had the wise, skilful, consecrated service of school officials and teachers and the guidance of an able and wise Board of Education.
Atlanta, the capital of the state, is fortunate in being a great educational center with not only a good public school system for white and colored but with many excellent private and parochial institutions of both preparatory and college grade for both white and colored people.
The county schools range from excellent to very poor. It was manifest in the survey that they would be much better if the Atlanta School system were made the school system of the entire county Some excellent buildings have been erected by the County Board of Education and some are not mu-h better than can be found in other counties.
The boys and girls of the rural districts of Fulton County deserve equal opportunities with the boys and girls of the city.

HOUSTON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White 7,455 6,210

Colored
14,508 17,388

Total 21,9,63 23,598

6-18 Years
6,678 7,264

Attending School
5,002 4,495

Over 10 Years
3,410 5,028

16-20 Years
341 1,012

Per Cent 21.0 30.0

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Hliterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

22,95

1923

2,332

Colored 5,621 5,114

Total
7,916 7,446

White

Colored
173 178

Total 179 179

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

11

HOUSTON COUNTY (Continued)

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$1,487,169

$4,479,787

$941,263

RECORD OF HOUSTON COUNTY W. L. Duggan & W. B. Hill, Supervisors, Feb. 1924.

$3,565

SCHOOL
perry Ft. Valley Byron Hattie Grovania Lake View Union Bonaire Elko Henderson Wellston Hayneville Kathleen
Total

mo
fi
S
"3
CO

9 $ 9,880

9 25,740

8 4,920

8 3,120

8

2'X

8 1,920

8 1,280

8 1,360 8 1,280 8 1,280

8 1,280

8

630

8 1,280

8+ $55,970

Pao>i

&

33 CJT* fc> a]

11 11 11 10

7

12 11 23 22

23 .

7 11 7 5

7.

10 4 3 1 4

10 3 3 ---. 3

9 3 3 -.-. 3

8 2 2 ... 2

9 2 2 ... 2

9 2 2 ... 1

8 2 2 .-. 2

9 2 2 ._- . 2

7 1 1 ...

8 2 2 .._

54 ,. 64 59 5 58

3

03 * SP t*CD Ss.2

d
a3 a

a" PQ H

6

397 A C D B

12 5

740 A 252 D

B
c

A A

A C

1

142 D
81.. 106-.-.
70..-.

Do c o

C
0 O C

C C O C

49._-. 54--.

C
c

C C

D D

61-- D C D

67-- D C D

26-- B B C

72..-. E D C

6 36

2117. --C-C+ C

Age-Grade Retardation

G^

7~ n in iv v vi vn vra K x xi Total

Total
Number Accelerated-- Number Normal Number Retarded
%Accelerated %Normal %Retarded
Median Age Med. Retardation

345 212 242 237 240 191

613663

279 145 l&a IM ^ * 61 66 80 86 110 '%

1

1

*

*

\

59

81 68 66 61 61 w

18 31 33 36 4b d

6.9 8.3 9.4 iu.4 11 u-d u-^ HiZ--_

171 141 111 109 .^..^

V\
47
0.9 -

*\ 62 "75"
^g 0.5 0.3

3 72
25
^g 0.2

45
^
12
9 64 ^ ^g
0.3 --

2,044
677
3 64 33 ____

REPORT ON HOUSTON COUNTY SURVEY BY
M. L. Duggan & W. B. Hill All schools in Houston County are operated for eight months. There is only one one-teacher school

left in the county.
s^r^:^^

roftsrw-en and * **---

^^Se'fnri^Sust been voted ^^^fn^^^^^^;;^^

but too many of them are Irving their first term at their present school, indicating too frequent changes
The Fort"X school is an exceptionally efficient educational institution as ********
.1 educational measurements made, by the age-grade of its pupils, by tne Professional *%* fac'
nitv Pto No school in which we have made educational measurements has shown better results. Y' Only oneSite child over ten is reported as illiterate in the county, which is remarkable, if correct.

12

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

FAYETTE COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

18-20 Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

7,243

4,153

11,396

3,702

2,578

1,018

1910

7,151

3,815

10,966

3,325

2,074

1,438

84

12.5

159

18.8

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

2,220

1,352

3,572

31

1923

2,221

1,236

3,457

26

94 50

125 76

Personal

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

I

Land

Corporation

Polls

$322,282
SCHOOL
Fayetteville Brooks Bethany... Tyrone Aberdeen Glen Grove Hopeful Kenwood Oak Grove Rest Sandy Creek Union Grove Woolsey Ebenezer Ellison Little Flock Mt. Spring Robinson RockyMt The Lake The Rock Wynona
Total

$1,354,513

$336,678

RECORD OF FAYETTE COUNTY BY
L. M. Lester & Sarah M. Duggan, Feb. 1924.

$1,650

9 8 8 8 5 7 5
8 6 6
"" 5 6 7 6 6 6 5 5 6 5 6 6

"3
CO
$8,925 3,880 1,520 1,640 600 945 675 1,000 870 870 650 750 962 510 330 330 450 275 330 250 390 420

6+ $26,572

Cu O

aCO

CD

0
0

m
<D
O

CD
En

0

Si M

d

'A O 'A

11 11 11 6 10 6 393 393 222 292 372 272 382 2 72 282 282 272 17 17 17 16 26 16 17 27 17

0
aCO
CD
11 ... 6 ... 12 21 11 11 11 11 2 ... 11 11 11 11 1 .._
1 ...
1 1

2+ Experience
2--

CD S3
U

a

CD
^1 C3 >> CO

a >,CD CD
CO W)
fs.2 S3
O

dW do

5 CO
f-l

|Z!

w

+3

+J

a

CD

CD

u CO 0O
5" 1 CD
< SJ fin

3 3 11 11 2 11 2 2 11 2 2 1
.. 1 .. 1 1 1 .. 1 1 1 1

7

10 388 A D A A

45

213 C B D D

15

73

ODD

35

113 E E E E

2

68 C D D D

11

55 .... C D E

2

84.... E D E

2 10 3 59

ODD

73 D E D C

2

54 C E D C

11

89

E DD

22

66 E E D E

1 15

48 C D E E

1 41 E E D E

1

36

EEE

13

38

E DC

1

35

EEE

1 1 1 34 C E E E

1

36

EEE

1

31.... E D E

1

39

E DE

1

34.... C D D

54 50 34 16 39 11 34 50 15 1707 D D D

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

13

FAYETTE COUNTY (Continued)

Age-Grade Retardation

Qrade

T n m iv V VI VII VIII IX X XI

Total

Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age . Med. Retardation

323 216 236 253 194 160 127 25 11 8 5 * J- *
218 114 107 99 57 60 36 80 91 121 149 134 99 89 856t 67 53 45 d9 * 25 42 52 59 by 7.2 8.7 lu.i 11. 0-2 0-7 i.i i^ i^--i^J

83 re * * jj
27 36 18 u 50 ^5 u

33 go
4

5g
4o
^g p.8

48

67

^ 33

ifl g ^

0.8 0.5

--

^Tier-
784
^
56 5Q
.--

REPORT ON FAYETTE COUNTY SURVEY BY
L. M. Lester and Miss Sarah Mell Duggan.

The following items relative to the schools of Fayette County are worthy of note: 1 The county system of schools operate as a unit. 2 The Board of Education is composed of progressive and alert business men and farmers who

are not afraid to initiate movements for the good of the county

vnvpttevllle

3. Two excellent instances of consolidation are found at Fayetteville and Brooks. Fayetteville

4. TZTorT^TloZfottms county is far above the average. TMVTMt*TMTM~ experience- all have, at least, high school education: sixty per cent have had as much as one "a of normal work: forty-eight are normal graduates; a large number take summer schoo
work each year. A salary schedule based on certificate, training, and experience may be

given credit for this situation.

5. 6.

A circulating library is being installed in the school system.

,,Q,7ot1.avillB

Provision is made for every child of high school grade to reach the FayetteV1ue

B BrrTMoo*kss

or
or

Tyrone High Schools. This is done by truck, in some cases, and in all others by the payment

S a Per dfem of xS cents lm transportation. The Fayetteville High School is accredited m

the first class. The other two lack in building and equipment.

POriqolidation

It is recommended that the Board of Education continue to pursue its policy of consolidation.

Bonds should be issued and new buildings constructed.

>,, ,,,,^r,atntw furnished bv

The term is too short. The local districts should increase the term by adding to that furnished by

the county.

. .. .

,

The financial situation is the greatest obstacle to progress in this county.

BERRIEN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Per Cent Years

1920 1910

11,559 16,496

4,005 6,263

15,564 22,759

4,994 6,833

3,607 4,057

1,807 2,734

205

16.2

297

17.5

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

White

1918

5,522

1923

3,726

Colored
2,023 842

Total
7,545 4,568

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White 55

Colored 97

Total 152

14
Personal $1,075,075

SCHOOL

*Nashville

Ray City

Alapaha

Enigma..,

Union.

John Brown...

Jourdon.

McMillan

Minerva

.

Tygart

Avera Mill

Deep Ditch

Duggan

Plat Creek

Glory

Green Head

Griner

Indian Camp..

Livingston

Lois...

Mobley

Parrish

Reedy Branch.

RockHill

Vickers

White Pond

Bannockburn..

Barrimon

Bragdon

Douglas

Gaskins

Harper

Indian Ford...

Live Oak

Mathis

Pine Grove

Pleasant Vale..

Sapling Grove-

Shady Grove...

Total

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
BEEEIEN COUNTY (Continued) TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

$2,888,582

$556,374

RECORD OF BERRIEN COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor.

Polls $1,630

am>
a
as
3
CO

$9,810

4,695

6 3,375

7 2,135

6 1,450

5

700

6

700

5

575

5

700

5 1,080

5

600

5

500

5

390

5

510

5

500

5

500

5

500

5

400

6

560

5

540

5

480

5

510

6

600

5

400

5

500

5

400

5

200

5

200

5

375

6

240

6

240

6

300

5

270

5

240

5

300

5

300

5

300

5

200

5

270

$36,545

ft!

P as

CO

12 11 12 9 3 8

6 9 8 8 ... 7

4 9 4 4 ... 4

4 9 4 4 ... 4

484

1

373

1

3 7 3 ..

1

3 73 363

T

383

2

272

2.

272

1

272

1

272

2 72

372

272

1

2 7 2 ... 2 1

2 7 2 1 1 2.

2 7 2 1 1 2 ..

2 721 1

26211

2 7 2 ... 2

2 72 1 1

272 1 1

27211

17

... 1

16

... 1

17

1

17

... 1

16

... 1

17

1

17

... 1

15

1

17

... 1 -- 1

27

1

1

20

1

1

15 16

... 1 ... 1
1 .... ... 1

93 92 56 36 51 41

d

>>
as

a>d><tpm

p

6a

BO

m

8

480C--

BA

277C--

AC

126 D D B C

.... 144... D E D

.... 186... E B E

.... 61... E D T7*

.... 102... E D E

.... 68... E D E

.... 78... E D E

.... 71... E D E

.... 55... E E E

.... 105... E D E

.... 54... E D E

.... 59... E E E

.... 52... E E E

.... 101... E D E

... 66.. E D E

.... 51.. . E E E

.... 56.. E D E

E D-- E

51.... C D E

63.... E D E

84

E DD

66.... E D--D--

78.... E D E

51.... E D E

30.. E D E

1

26.... E E E

44

E DD

17

EDE

1

44

ECE

1

20 E E D E

1

25

EEE

34 E D E

1

28

E DE

1

44

E D-- D

1

27

E DE

1

29

E DE

1

35 E C E

3057 E+ D E+

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

15

BERRIEN COUNTY (Continued)

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
Total
Number Accelerat ed Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

II III

6H
ob ' -^

%i 6aq

386 12 146
228 3 38 59 9.5 1.5

474 8
157 309
1 33 66 10
1

IV

VI VII VIII IX X XI

428 384 200 173

11 11

2

1

139 85 38 36

278 288 160 1S6

2

2

1

1

32 22 19 20

66 76 80 79

12.1 13.3 14. ; 15.

2.1 2.3 2.4 2.4

59 3 27
29 5
46 49 14.9
0.9

81 3 29 49 3 36
61 16.3
1.8

28 1 18 9 3 64 33 16.5 0.5

20 2 11 7 1 55 44 17.5 0.5

BERRIEN COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard.

The survey of the schools of Berrien county reveals the following facts:

Total
110 ,062 ,716
3 36 61

SsXolUn^^
^r^u^^^^^

The aSntnce at school is greatly handicapped by the financial strain of the people and the scar-

ThelcLirhous'es are generally old, and unsuited to the moders.needs 0f schools.

county Board of Education is levying the limit of five mills.
REH= T^^a^T^^l^^ bonds to construct
*X2ZZ SSent as that not more than fifteen white schools shah
*J5Z SSTtSTSZZ number of PUPUS will not need public transIt istother recommended that at a few places where the colored population is stable, good houses
shall be built for them, as at Alapaha, Enigma, Nashville, and Ray City.

Population
White Colored
*1920 1910 "-Organized since 1920.

BRANTLEY COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Total Children

Illiterates

Total

6-18 Years

Attending School

Over 10

16-20

Years 1

Per Cent

16

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

BEANTLEY COUNTY (Continued) STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1923

1,906

Colored

Total

White

209

2,115

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored

Total

Personal $616,867

Land

Corporation

$955,840

$1,221,432

RECORD OF BRANTLEY COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, January 1924.

Polls $1,196

SCHOOL

Hoboken

Nahunta

Hickox

Calvary

Cascade

Corinth

Hortense

Knox

Pierce Chapel

Raybon

Schlatterville

Tiger Bay

Wainright

Atkinson

Bachlott

,

Bamboo

Broadway

Burnt Bay

Davidson

Drury

Gibson

Linda

Lulaton

Manor

NewHope

Rozier

Satilla

Shuman.._

Stewart

Strickland

Waynesville

Total

09
3
00

6 $ 1,710

6 1,575

6 1,'380

6

540

6

540

6

570

6

630

6

300

6

630

6

565

6

660

6

630

6

690

6

390

6

240

6

330

6

240

6

300

6

270

6

300

6

300

6

240

6

320

6

360

6

300

6

325

6

330

6

300

6

325

6

300

6

360

6 $15,950

aoa>

ao

w

cl

J

to

4

44

6 8 4 4 ...

4833

1722

2 72 1

282 1 2 7 2 2.

1721

172 272

272

272

1 72

27

7

7

7

5
1 1 2 1
2 2 2

7

7

6

7

1 ..

7

1 ..

5

7

i '.. l _.

7

l .. l ..

7

l .. l _

7

l ._ l ..

7

l _. l _.

7

l ..

49

49 37 12 27 22 34

do 55

175 A E

166 A E

123 A E

56

E

62

E

55

E

58

E

52 B E

63... _ E

82___ . E

75. __ . E

62... D

54 B E

34. _. E

32_._ E

37___ E

18... E

25... E

19... C

21. ..__ C

22. _.. . E

10. ___. D

32___.. E

37__ .. E

30__ .. E

30.. _- E

35. _ .. E

38_ .. E 38- _. E

24 _ .. E

57. .. E

a
a
a
is
nW
DD BC CC DE DE EE DD DE DE DD DC D
C DD DD CD DE DC EE EE DE EE EB CC DE CE DD DE
E D C

1622A--E+ D D-

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS BRANTLEY COUNTY (Continued)

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

Total Number Accelerated

Number Normal

Number Retarded

%Accelerated

%Normal

-

%Retarded

Median Age

Med. Retardation

II

III

IV

- 491 15 10'* J* TM

161 4 58 99 2 35 63

230 "241

7

11

71

71

152 159

3

4

31

29

66

67

206 3 40
163 1 19
80

'

7.4 0.4

9.5 10.6 11.7 13 1.5 1.6 1.7 2

VI
135 2 22
111 2 16 82 14 2

VII VIII

143 4 ..
22 117
3_ 15 82 15.6
2.6

3 28
9 91 16.9
2.9

Total
1,638 46 606 986 3 36 61

REPORT ON BRANTLEY COUNTY

BY

- ' ^%$z%%&. "- r, : a county actively in January 1921

E. A. Pound.

<--K It was created in 1920 and bepciamce

and Charlton, and took over many

but many new ones

result of such a birth it has not only the school problems of the average counts,

incidr ent

tIoS ,iittesS oyfoS tuhtehisea.nT odbsbt* iarcthl^e.s

th-e

c-uounnttyy

iiss

sguomings

;fo"r"w"a;r-d,Je~d"~u7^~ionJ^^t

The
tYoe

ouidnislhataecrkaltlhyalitgohntecde

served as a, building of

school which

building at Nahunta has any community might be

^ proud.^ With ^ the ex= ception ofJ the* neM w building

^ ^^ i
The negro

lllt'o irls.ry tin, count, win see a new and better day ednc.t.onally.

Recommendations:

1. More consolidations-eight good ones for the> ooimt^

an eighth

2. There is not a single four-year high *f^TMTM*^ it is recommended that the schools

opportunity with the children of other counties.

3. Longer terms--the term is now six months only.

4. Better trained teachers^ ^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^ adoption Qf proper sanitary regu-

5. More attention to the

lations and the installation of sanitary toilets.

ThP better eauipment of the majority of the schools.

6. 7.

S6e SEES of a better educational senile*, throughou^: the caun^ nt SpSe^e^ = ^wonderful opportunity which the county

has,

and

hopes

to improve the schools along the lines mentioned above.

^^^^

18

GEOBGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

WARE COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
16,043 14,041

Colored
12,313 8,914

Total
28,356 22,955

6-18 Years
7,099 5,965

Attending School
5,383 3,378

Over 10 Years
2,234 2,863

16-20 Years
150 646

Per Cent
10.2 15.0

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No, Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

4,192

1923

5,154

Personal

Colored

Total

White

2,013 2,278

6,205 7,432

31 32

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
7 47

Total
38 79

Polls

$3,562,003

$5,216,620

$2,730,243

Age-Grade Retardation

$2,436

Grade

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX X XI

Total.. _

Number Accelerated.".

Number Normal

Number Retarded

%Accelerated

----

%Normal

"""

%Retarded

MedianAge

Med. Retardation::;;::;;;;::

'

722~ 8
474 239
^
66
33 73
oZ

435 12 265 158 3 61 36
0;1

410 34 217 159 8 53 39
o'l

503 28 224 251 5 45 50
woi

380 20
72 188
5 45 50
noi

348 24 171 153
7 49 44
120-1.7

244 6
111 127
3 46 51
**1.-1

206 12 98
96 6 48 46
li0-.99

99 4 67 28 4 68 28
Ig0-.33

6 54 38
6 55 39
50-.85

47 1
39 7 2
83 15
0.2

RECORD OP WARE COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, January 1924.

Total
3,491 155
1,892 1,444
4 54 42

SCHOOL
*fWaycross High "Isabella *Newton Ave *Quarterman *GUchrist Wacona Waresboro BickleyCons Dixie-Union Emerson Park Manor Millwood Coleman Hopkins Inman Mt. Green-Sycamore Woodward-Godwin

9 9
9 "9
9 9
6 6 6 "7 7
6 6 8 6
6 6

-3
CO
$16,495 9,375
6,275 5*690 3>465 7,735 3,630 1,560 1,200 l'680 1^380 1,350
820 1,240
690 975 975

+3

A tai

n



00 3 a>

a

0

rt0

m

<3 a>

T) H

8 B
a

+ d
>&

OS
0

0 3 Jz; &

A3 *%

3 u
0

>,

a
>>a>

J4 03 at CX

03
JLH+J dW oD
fc f-4 !H5

a

a

isMr) a o, 3

m

aH

15 12 8 8 3
11 11 8 10 47 4 3 3 3 2 2 1 2 2

16 11 12 12 87 76 44 12 12
4 4 _. 422 33 33 33 22 22 2 ., ... 2 22 22

13 11 7 6 4. 12 . 7 4. 4. 2 3 .. 2
2 .. 2 .. 2 .. 2 ..

.. 97 489. ... B C A

560 A B B A

407. ... B B A

369 B C B A

115. ... D C B

4

426 B E A A

7

400.

AB

4

131. . E B B

2

185.

BB

2

85. . D A B

2

116. . D C B

2

119. _ E C B

2

64.

AC

69. . D D D

66. ... E A D

60. ... E A O

55 ... E A B

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

19

WARE COUNTY (Continued'

Beach Braganza Camp Branch Cason Crews Davis Edenfield EllwoodPark Ft. Mudge Griffin Jordan Melton Mixon Olive Pittman Riverside Ruskin Strickland Suwanee Tatum Thrift
fPiedmont Inst
Total

6 $ 390

6

360

6

360

6

212

6

300

6

310

6

300

6

360

6

212

6

300

6

240

6

240

6

240

6

360

6

220

6

390

6

240

6

300

6

240

6

360

9 4,727

6+ $75,286

7

7

7

6

6

7

1

7

11

7

1

1

5

11

7

1 ... 1

7

11

6

11

7

11

7

1 ....

7

1 ___.

7

7

5

5

118 ....120 94 26 100 20 57

46.. 42__
5124.. 16_' 28.. 16-. 13-. 17_. 25_. 24_. 30.. 13_. 19. 17_. 41,. 25. 33_ 2314. 175.

DE D
EED DD
CED EED E DD C DB CDD E AD DE D E DD
ED
EED E AD EED EED DDD E DD E DD EED
BB

4408.... D--O-- O--

REPORT ON SURVEY OF WARE COUNTY

BY

E. A. Pound.

To one who was familiar with school conditions in Ware County twenty years ago the school con-

ditions as they exist today are more than gratifying. At that time the rural school buildings were un-

worthy the name. Today the old time shacks which once served as school buildings have been supplant-

Id in many places by well constructed modern buildings, which are worthy of the pride of any county or

of any people. Many schools have been consolidated and today Ware County will rank in number of

schools consolidated and in new buildings erected with the first m the state.

schools am ^

^ admlnistration bonds were issued to the amount of $700,000.00, seventy thousand

of which was devoted to the erection of new schools. This amount was found inadequate to the purpose and so many districts like Wacona, Emerson Park, and Waresboro, voted additional local bond issues in "de to meet the regulations required. As a result Ware County today boasts of school ^f^TM* to none at Emerson Park, Wacona, Dixie-Union, Waresboro, Bickley, Woodward-Godwin, Mt. Green-Syca-
more Coleman, Pittman, Inman, Manor, Millwood, and Hopkins. Several of these schools represent con-
solidations of smaller schools and represent an increased interest on the part of the people m the matter

of the education of their children.

fnTW!..ri

Progress has been made but inequalities still exist. While these schools represent a great forward

step on the part of the people they have not as yet secured an equality of educational Wrtunrty for

the children of the county. The average term in Ware County is only six months. As long as this con

mtiotSsts the cities giving nine months and the rural districts only six, equality of educational opportunity cannotE ft wfcona there is a modern building with twelve teachers P*^*"TM.

high school course, and yet it is and always will be impossible to coordinate its work with the rural

schools which are giving only a six months' term. The county has bought several trucks and is transporting scores of children In the county there are 31 white schools and 11 schools for colored children. Only two of the, latter
schools are owned by the County Board, nine of the buildings being Negro churches, and virtually all

of these being unfitted for school purposes. Waycross has recently issued bonds for the erection of a modern high school-its greates: need
in this bond issue the colored people will also participate. Waycross has a good schc,ol sysJem ^der the superintendency of a most able superintendent. However, he needs more teachers than he has to cope wXthe situation. For several years the schools have been crowded with pupils and the teachers have
Teen carrying too great a teacher load. It is hoped that with the erection of the new buildings to be

secured from the bond issue that this condition will be remedied.

20

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

TATNALL COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20

Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

10,952

6,230

17,182

4,819

3,627

1,044

1910

12,727

5,450

IS,177

6,036

3,904

1,835

134

10.5

493

14.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

3,797

1923

4,016

Personal

Colored

Total

White

1,302 1,361

5,099

7

5,377

19

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
31 51

Total
38 70

Polls

$1,017,544
Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

$2,991,772

* 278,P30

m I II

IV

VI vn vm IX

815 426 439 456 302 303 292 188 110

35 21 16 19 23

6 18

8

5

528 210 185 164 110 108 95 71 49

253 195 238 273 169 189 179 109 56

4

5

4

4

8

2

6

4

5

65 49 42 36 36 36 33 38 45

31 46 52 60 56 62 61 38 50

7.1 8.9 10.2 11.5 12.2 13.5 14.5 15.4 16.0

.. o.l 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.0

$2,176

XI Total

66 8 35 23 12 53 35 16.5 0.5

28 4
15 9 14
54 32 17.5 0.5

3,425 163
1,570 1,692
5 46 49

RECORD OF TATTNALL COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith and M. L. Duggan, Supervisors, February 1924.

SCHOOL

Reidsville

GlennviUe

Cobbtown

Collins

Mendes

Cedar Haw

Manassas

Yeomans

Beard's Creek

Cedar Creek

Jennie

..

Longview

Matlock

Bethesda

Ella Grove

Eunice

Fair Haven-

<a
CO

9 $ 7,470

9 8,C65

8 4,920

9 5,670

6

1,830

8 2,?20

9

3.C60

5

1,270

5

1,050

5

1,000

5

625

5

925

5

800

5

625

5

625

5

600

5

625

a

1-* a>

0o tor>t H
0 t^fl B CO P si

12 11 10 10

9

14 11 11 11

11

8 11 10 8

8

7 11 8 7

5

4854

3

4 10 4 4

4

4 10 4 4

3

4943

UO

3733

1

3932

3

2722

1

393 1

1

3831

1

282p

2

2822

2

2721

2

272

2

a

a>)>

tf

a

3s a

as

22 go

a3 1

mW

5

8 326

C A+ A

1

5 410

CAB

4

__ 339

DAB

4

1 375

DAB

3

__ 200

EDC

3

.. 109, . D A C

4

._ 106_ _ D A B

4

1 173, . E D C

3

1 86_ D D c

1

.. 105^ E D c

1

_- 77_ E D D

2

3 113. E D D

3

__ 105. D D D

2

.. 73. E D D

-. 63. D D D

-. 86- E D D

66- D D D

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

21

TATNALL COUNTY (Continued)

Hughland Mile Hill Stony Hill Tyson Appleton Battle Creek Boggs Mill Buck Branch Cherry Grove Dinner Branch
Oak Grove Rehobeth Strickland Union Unity

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
5 5 5 5 5

1 l 1 ?.

59. E C C

650 2 7 2

2

28

92- D D D

675 2 6 2

2

1

47 _ D D D

600 2 7 2

1 1 o 6 1 57 _ D D D

300 325 325 350 300

2 7 1_ 1 7 1. 171 1 6 1. 171

i. 1 1 1

39- .. E D D

l1

3 1 31- D D D

1

12

30_ E D D

i1

49- D D D

1 13

48- .. E D D

250

1 6 1.

l1

1

25- _ D D D

600

1 7 1.

l1

11

250 1 6 1

111

325 1 7 1

1

275

1 7 1_

l1

1

300 1 7 1

33_ -_ D D E 34- _ D D D 27- E D E 55 _ , E D D 32- E D D

Total

5+ J47.555 99

97 77 20 74 23 56 73 19 3470-._ D-- D+D+

REPORT ON TATTNALL COUNTY

BY M. L. Duggan. Having made a svirvey on Tattnall County nine years ago, (Bulletin No. 11), the writer has had the

opportunity to observe the progress of the public school system as compared with that date.

As matters of outstanding significance we call attention to: (1) The carefully planned constructive and continuing policies of a former administration as to

consolidations, buildings, etc., have been consistently and closely followed, as shown in the successful

consolidations at several places in the county and by the ample and modern school houses and equipments provided by him and his successor (the present superintendent). Some of these will equal any to be

found anywhere in the state. (2) It is noticeable that no school in this county allows over seven grades with less than two or

more teachers, while half of the schools with six or seven grades require two or more teachers, and the nine and ten grade schools have three and four teachers. There are four schools in the county offering

eleven grades, with from seven to fourteen teachers each. (3) The Age-Grade tables show that the school system has functioned fairly well in respect to

reaching the children in the past years. (4) More than half of the teachers are serving their present schools for the first year, indicating

too frequent changes for the best interests of the cause. (5) A reduction of the length of the school year to five months indicates a very serious situation

which will demand wise business administration. About ten per cent of the number of public schools of the county provide for more than five months school year. Children can not be expected to make their

grades in a five months school year.

.

TWIGGS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

3,754 3,340

6,653 7,396

10,407 10,736

3,322 3,491

1,167 2,259

1,933 2,206

209

26.1

461

29.2

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

964

1923

1,138

,092

3,056

,508

3,646

6

9

18

19

22
Personal

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
TWIGGS COUNTY (Continued)
TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Polls

$443,729

$1,203,083

$641,174

RECORD OF TWIGGS COUNTY

BY

M. L. Dug-pan and W. B. Hill, Supervisors, January 1924.

$1,879

SCHOOL
Twiggs High. Smith Cannon Cookby Everett Fitzpatrick.. Moon Prospect Williams Adam's Park. Bondray Crosby Glenland Oakdale Tarversville.. West Lake

c3 CO

9 $ 5,715

11

1,305

10

9

735

7

735

7

1,575

9

805

7

805

7

735

7

735

7

675

7

455

8

455

7

455

6

455

455

385

+3 Pi
2 .. 1 1 2 __ 2 .. 2 __ 1 1 1 _. 1 .. 1 __ 1 __ 1 .-. 1 __

+
7 .. 2 _. 2 _. 2 _. 2 .. 2 _. 2 ..

d

ti

03

03 M

s^

15 CO

C)D

go

m

4

226 B C A B

2

108 C C B

38 C D C

68 D C O

56. B C C

38. C D D

64 _ ._ E D E

49. ._ E E E

42 _ _ E D D

26. . B E E

19.... D D D

24 E D D

17 D D D

22 D D D

18 E D D

7 BD

Total..
Grade Total Number Accelerated.. Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

7* $16,4^0 33 30 25 5 26 4 17

Age-Grade Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII

178 104 46
128 57 46 41
26 72 55 26 39 7.3 8.7 0.3 0.7

95 107 42
44 49 47 56
42
46 46 50 52
9.9 11.1 0.9 1.1

96
0
37 54
5 39 56 12. 3
13

62 2 23 37 3 37 60 13. 6 18

47 4
20 23
9 42 49 13. 9 09

36 2 11
23 6
31 63 15 4
14

822.. ..O-- D+D+

IX
13 3 7 3 23 54 23 14.9

X XI

15 1
11 3 7 73 20
15.9

7 1 5 1 14 72
14 17.4 0.4

Total
760 34 392 334
4 52 44

REPORT ON TWIGGS COUNTY SURVEY By M. L. Duggan and W. B. Hill

There is only one school in Twiggs County with more than two teachers, and this is the county senior high school at the county seat with seven teachers. There is one other school offering ten grades with only two teachers and an enrollment of 108 pupils. All others are one and two-teacher schools with six to nine grades.
The county high school at Jeffersonville is housed in a modern and approved building, and represents a consolidation of several small schools. This school serves the county well. None of the other buildings measure up to satisfactory conditions.
The teachers of the county schools are much more satisfactory than the school houses. Twentyfive of the thirty teachers hold First Grade or Professional certificates, and twenty-six of them have had more than two years experience. However, more than half of them are serving for the first year at their present school which indicates too frequent changes for the best interests of the cause.
The last school census shows a considerable increase in both white and negro children in the county. Six of the sixteen schools are operated for nine months, while the others run six and seven months each.

Only about seventy-two per cent of the white children of the county are enrolled in the schools. However, according to the last school census only one white child over ten years of age is reported as illiterate, which is remarkable, if correct.
Further consolidations of schools properly supported by public sentiment would be in the interest of the cause.

Population

White

1920

6.409

1910

6,854

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
UNION COUNTY. . UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

Colored
46 64

Total
6,455 6,918

6-18 Years
1,972 2,163

Attending School
1,271 1,505

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

Over 10 Years
555 721

16-20 Years
35 58

23
Per Cent 12.1 15

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,994

1923

2,126

Personal $259,452

Colored

Total

White

16

2,010

46

26

2,152

27

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

$688,281

$2,027

RECORD OF UNION COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor, March 1924.

Colored 2

Total
46 29

Polls $1,450

a
SCHOOL

Blairsville Coll. Institute
Blairsville Public Center Choestoe Consolidated Coosa Ebenezer.
IvyLog Liberty Glades Pleasant Grove Young Cane Antioch
Bell Bethlehem
Bruce Confidence

9
5 5 5 5 5 5
-5 5 5 5 5 5
5 5
5 5

CO
$3,000 E50 475 550 400 425 550 550 550 475 550 475 275 200 200 275 275

P 33
5 8-11 3 572 272 272 272 262 37,, 272 17 2 272 i1i 272 171 171 17 1 161 16 1

a

V <s



CO

a S M
3
ou 0

+J
*O--J
Xa !

Mm

3
n

1 2 1

1

75__.. E

1 2

50 2

13
.

95-.. D 55--. E

7 5 48--.. B

Cc c c

C
D E C

22

59..-. E C D

12

69-._. E C D

16

74_.-. E
. 74_... E

Cc

D D

1 1 3 1 75_--. E D E

116

45..-. E C E

1

68-._. E C E

12

46___ D C D
47-... E c E

1

36_.-. E D E

1

46_-_. E D E

34-_-. E D E

16 .. E E E

24

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

Corinth HoodChapel Line Mt. Airy Mt. Lebanon Mt. Olive Mt. Pleasant I Mt. Pleasant II Mt. Zion Pine Top Pleasant Hill Pleasant Valley Providence ShadyDale Spriggs Chapel Track Rock Windy Hill Zion
Total

UNION COUNTY (Continued)

5

$200

15

5

200

17

5

200

1

5

275

15

5

275

17

5

200

16

5

275

16

5

200

17

'

5

275

16

5

275

16

5

275

17

5

275

15

5

275

17

5

475

27

5

200

16

5

275

17

5

200

17

5

200 1 6

10.

1 1 3 1 41..

1

3

48.

10.

4

37.

""fV.V." 9

34 _

42 _

.1 1 2

27-

1

1

22 _

25

42

1

28.

14

52.

12

51-

11

15..

63.

1

20-

37 _

EEE EDE ECE DE E EDE
E DE E
C E DE E DE E DE D E E+ E CE E CE E DE E DE E DE E CE

5 $14,325 54

49 32 17 32 17 23 94 20 1566 E4- D+ E4-

Age Grade Retardation

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

I II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI

400 184 193 197 209 161 140 34 23 11

10

5

7 14

7

6

1

1

226 54 58 53 55 50 21

3

5

164 125 128 130 147 105 118 30 18

2

3

3

7

3

3

1

3

12

57 29 30 26 26 31 15

9 21 27

41 68 67 67 71 66 84 88 79 73

7.6 9.7 10.7 12.0 13.4 14.0 15.6 16.7 18.1 18.2 20.4

0.6 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.4 2.0 2.6 2.7 3.1 2.2 3.4

Total
1,560 52 528
980 3
33 64

UNION COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard.
Union county is one of the most broken of the counties of Georgia. The geographic condition prevents large consolidation of schools. All the schools are of the one-teacher and two-teacher type. The buildings generaUy are of an old type and the equipment is very meagre. The school term is 100 days, all that can be afforded under the present condition of finances.
The Blairsville Collegiate Institute is a Baptist school which does eleven grades of work. Seventy five pupils are enrolled, most of whom are from Union County. It serves as the only high school in the county. With limited equipment it is making a heroic effort to respond to the needs of the educational interest of the county.
1. A few schools should be consolidated. 2. Better school houses are a necessity. 3. Better support on the part of the people would make possible the employment of better
teachers. 4. Better roads would make provision for larger and better schools. 5. The compulsory attendance law is being fairly well enforced, which will soon reduce juvenile
illiterary.
Young Harris College and Blairsville Collegiate Institute have about 150 pupils of high school grade from Union County. 7. A county high school should be organized at no distant day.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

25

PIERCE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

9,234

2,700

11,934

3,968

3,134

696

1910

8,007

2,742

10,749

3,395

2,213

971

63

8.4

97

13.2

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

2,831

1923

2,846

Personal

Colored

Total

White

847

3,678

896

3.742

9

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
2 2

Total
2 11

Polls

$1, 208,898

SCHOOL

*Blackshear

Patterson

Hackel Barney

Hurricane

Mt. Olive

Neubern. Creek

Otter Ureek

Walkarv'Ile

Alabina.. -

Baxley

Boulevard

Bristol

Mershon

Oak Grove

Offarman

Pine Grove

Prospect

Ramah

Zirkle

-

Beulah

Hopewell

Liberty

Mill Creek

Mt. Vernon

Satilla

Total.

$1,839,262

$624,386

RECORD OF PIERCE COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, Jan, 1924.

851.358

a

"3
CO

9 $12,5b0

7 2.290

5

1 050

6 i,32C

f

l,05f

._ 7

1,435

6 1,320

5

950

6

810

5

810

5

675

6

930

7

1120

5

675

5

675

5

700

5

750

5

675

5

675

5

350

5

350

5

325

5

350

5

275

5

325

5+ $32,465

a+^

ao

3

a as
oH
tof

o oS
<D
H

foc

<usS
O

foc

as
05

S M
do
13

a

3^ a
30 '3
W

16 11 15 15 ..

10 4 4 ..

632

731

31

3 3 _.

3

32

211

1]

2 ___

2 __

1]

27

11

27

1]

27 27

2 ... 2

15 17

2 ... 11

17

1 ...

15 17

1 __ 1

17

1

17

17

10
1 1 3 2 2 1
... 2 2

5 2 3 2 3 3 3
1 ... 1 ... 1 ... 1 ___ 1 .... 1 ___

443 C E B A

206 D E C C

105

ECC

140 E D D

122

ECC

112

DB B

108 D E B D

104,_^ E C C

82__ E E D

83_,,. E D D

46... E E D

79-.- E C C

85... E D D

63--- E D D

105... E E D

82-__ E C D

76--. E E D

77--_ E E D

54.-- - E E C

46. .- E D D

39. ,,- E E D

37- __ E D D

71. .. E E D

20- D E E

25. -- E D D

63 65 47 18 39 26 47

2410D+ E+ D+ D +

26

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

PIERCE COUNTY (Continued)

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

705 263 239 358 299 19(5 195 66 22 15 9

31 1 8 12 9 8 5 1

388 101 80 108 68 50 42 20 12 14 7

286 161 151 238 222 138 148 45 10 1 2

4

.5 333421

54 38.5 33 30 23 25 21 30 54 93 77

42 61 64 67 74 71 77 69 46 7 23

7.6 9.4 10.5 11.9 13.2 13.9 15.5 16.7 15.9 16.7 17.3

0.6 1.4 1.5 1.9 2.2 1.9 2.5 2.7 0.9 0.7 0.3

Total
2,367 75 890
1,402 3 37 60

PIERCE COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound. Pierce County has made substantial progress within the past few years. Old one story shacks have been torn down and replaced by up-to-date modern school buildings, unilaterally lighted and with good equipment. These schools are Pine Grove, Patterson, Mt. Olive, Otter Creek, Baxley, Hackel Barney and Hurricane. Nineteen of the twenty four white buildings are owned by the county board. However many of the negro buildings are held by churches or private parties and many of them are merely apologies for school buildings. Other than the seven buildings for whites mentioned above the majority of the white school buildings are not at all worthy. With the development of the new source of revenue which Pierce County has found in its tobacco lands, the time is not far off perhaps when this county will be able to erect all of its school buildings of such a type and kind as will reflect credit on the county. The majority of the toilets in the schools of the county are of the surface kind, and nearly all are in bad condition. Either a county health officer is needed in the county, or else more attention should be paid to this most necessary matter for in the schools of the state the ideals for the children of the state should be set. The school of Blackshear which is the only four year school in the county has been placed within the past two years on the accredited list. There are four or five junior high schools but only eighty-four pupils in the county are in attendance upon the high schools, sixty-three of these being in the Blackshear school. A great inequality of educational opportunity yet exists in this county. The Blackshear school is maintained for nine months, and some of the schools in the villages run seven months, the extra two months being made possible by local contributions. As a result very few pupils are found entering the colleges from the rural schools, in as much as this is almost impossible from schools that operate only five months per year. The development of a few consolidated schools in Pierce county represent a great educational advance, when all the people realize the fact that this plan is the only way whereby the county child can ever secure an equality of educational opportunity a great stride will have been made educationally.

LONG COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population
White Colored 1920 1910 '-Organized since 1920.

Total

Total Children

6-18 Attending

Years

School

Illiterates

Over 10 Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

27

LONG COUNTY (Continued)

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White 783

Personal

Colored

Total

White

558

1,341

14

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored 15

Total 29

Polls

$399,374

$1,156,C43

$372,755

$941

RECORD OF LONG COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor, February 1324.

SCHOOL

Ludowicl
Bethel Klim RyePatch
Coneard Cross Roads
Donald Monticello New Hope Oak Grove
Tibet Waltonville

-r--

Total

--- 9 6
6 6
6
6 6 6 6 6 6 6

a
cS
"m3
* 5,175 60 63O 600 330 300 300 330 300 300 330 300

a

bfl
0o c3 cl Ho

c3

CD

CO

03 M

<)

05

4 11
\7 17 18
17 1v
17 17 11 17
16 17

~-i a> CD O
3 2 i, 1 2 "l\. 1 .. 1 _.
1 _. 1 .1 ..

6+ $ 9,495 16

30 7 13 12 8 10

Age-Grade Retardation

B

199 E C

B

38 E E

D

43-- D

C

37--- D C O

20.__ E C 0

12 E D C
28 E c c

39---- E D O

51 E D D

36---- D C C

26 E C D

16.__- E D C

545 E E+C--D+

Grade

I H "I IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

Total

Total
Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded

150 56 72 69 48 62 50 22

4

2 5 1 ------ 1 --

?9 24 32 30 26 25 16 9

57 32 38 34 21 37 33 13

2 14 W~
--.- * ""a" 178 162

555 14
267 274
2

^Normal*^ ^RetMded

59 "S" 44 43 54 "46" 32 "40""" 50 Tso" 39 57 54 50 44 60 66 60 50 43 20

48 50

MemanAse

7.6 9.2 10.1 10.9 11.8 13.4 14.8 15.2 15.0 16.6 16.0

MeSetarWr;::::::::.--.-- o.e 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.4 1.8 i.8...... o.e,,...

m

28

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

LONG COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith.
There is a splendid consolidation at Ludowici, but most of the schools show signs of much need for constructive supervision.
I make the following recommendations:
1. That the superintendent do more constructive supervision, especially among the rural schools. 2. That there be better buildings and equipment procured for a larger percent of the schools. 3. That if the finances can possibly be provided a longer term be given. 4. That a larger percent of the teachers be urged to attend summer schools.

Population

TIFT COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10

16-20

Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920 1910

10,201 7,708

4,290 3,777

14,491 11,485

4,441 3,222

3,624 2,184

1,328 1,421

103

12.8

130

17 6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

3,137

1923

3.489

Personal $1,380,921

Colored

Total

White

1,147

4,284

18

1,403

4,892

25

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

$3,173,750

SI,064,049

Age-Grade Retardation

Colored
76 74

Total
94 99

Polls if 2.546

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation ..

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX X XI

671 366 392

14

8

7

452 1S9 152

805 169 233

2

2

1

67 51 38

31 47 61 7.1 8.8 10.4

345 3
143 199
1 41 58
11.4

295 5
111 179
2 38 60
12.4

240 6
94 140
2 39 59
13.5

232 2 67
163 1
29 70 14.6

172 3 72
97 2
42 56 15.2

143 7 62
74 5 43 52 16.5

137 7
53 77 5 38 57 17.2

86 4 41 41 4 48 48 17 9

0.6 0.8 1-4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.5 1.2 0.9

Total
3,079 66
1,436 1,577
2 46 52

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

29

RECORD OF TIFT COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor, February 20, 1924.

d

SCHOOL
*fTifton High * rift on Grammar
Chula Consolidated Omega Ty Ty Consolidated Brookfield Eldorado Emanuel Harding Con OldTy Ty Vanceville Ansley Camp Creek Excelsior Fletcher Oak Ridge Pine View Red Oak Salem Eiiyah Midway 2ndDist. A. &M
Total

9 $14,975

9 11,250

8

5,840

8

4,360

8

3,880

64 1,755

7| 1,816

6| 1,330

65 6|

1,444 1,251

65 1,330

6;

812

6?

6s "845

6,

802

65

877

64

390

65

770

64

775

6J

455

62

500

9 1,3,789

7+ $69,246

6 ^

+

12 6 12 12 .. 12 ...

15 5 13 13 . 13 8 10 9 8 14 5

10

24 3

10

1 34

49

38

37

39

37 39 28

28

27

262

2 8 2 2.

1 8 1_

2821 2 7 2 ..

1711

27 1 1

9 8-11 9 ...

>>CD

03

03 M

iS.2

03

03^

en 22 2320 n

7 6 16 31^

DB A

7

460 C-- B B B+

5 1 3 384 C-- E A B

6 7 272C-- E A B

5 2 5 239C-- D E C

3 3 1 2 2

3 2 2
3 1

133-... r> 91 C-- E 142 E 1 181. - E _ ll6 E

E C C D D

C
c c c c

3

.. 143 --- E D D

1

2 51D+ E D C

1

99 E C C

2 3 -- . 80 D+ E C C

2 3 -- .. 39---- E C C

2

._ 74..

DC

1

I 36--

D+ D

2

__ 48..

DD

2

1 56..

DC

.. 25-.

0D

__ 18..

DD

.. 162.-

AA

94

93 66 18 66 27 62 44 3O 3111C-- E+ C-- C

TIFT COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin. Chula and Omega are new one story brick unit-type buildings, beautiful in structure and hygienic in design The other buildings with the exception of a one-room addition at Eldorado are improperly and insufficiently lighted. The class rooms were built out of proportion which makes proper seating

and hj2^gf^m1Ws-there has been much care given to the class rooms and equipment of this county.
Every room is painted and has an abundance of equipment, such as libraries, dictionaries, standard pictures, hvloplate black-board, single patent desks, globes, maps, water coolers etc. These TMPTM~ts were made for the most part, several years ago, and since that time the property has been well preserved. The teachers and the superintendent take pride in making school rooms attractive and habitable
Of the 19 white schools, 10 are attempting to do high school work. The county should establish four or five Junior High Schools, and limit the work in the remaining schools to three, five and seven grades This will neccessitate more consolidation and school house building which is needed
Tifton is an independent system. In its course of study every boy is required to take Latin and Mathematics in order to graduate. There is no alternative. The girls are given Home Economics. The high school is well equipped, but is lacking in seating capacity.
It is urged that Tifton come into the county system, levy a county-wide tax of ten mills, build and equip six or seven modern county buildings; consolidate where possible, and lengthen the county term.
Not until this is done will the whole system function more normally. The results of the three good consolidations already made are noticeable.

30
SCHOOL
*HawkinsviHe PulaskiHigh PulasM Jr. High Midway Blue Springs Browndale Central High... Finleyson
TotaL.
Grade Total Number accelerated.. Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF PTJLASKI COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, Feb. 1924.

03 CO

9 $18,500

7 3,500

7 1,120

7 3,150

7 1,925

7 1,560

7 1,710

7

960

7+ $32,425

-M .)

3
a H to 03

o

W Ti

d

5)
o

18 11 10
7 10 8 9 8

a

0)

Hi

H

+ o

+3 03

HI" |D +J

CO

03

15 15
5 2
5 3 3
3 2

15 1

a

>5



a

03

03 M

<D

o3=j

do

.3a ^P go

aa 3

pq H

... 34 441 A c B A

5

155 A r> A O

5

52.. c B D

2

100.. E B C

1

87 B E A O

60 D B O

108 D A D

I

40 D

D

46 .... 39 38 1 31 8 18 18 34 1043A--D A--C--

Age-Grade Retardation

206 6
144
56 3 70 27
7.0

II
108 1
67 40
1 62 37
8.6 .6

III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

114 135 100 105 103 74

23

262

54 84 ""46" 51 41 35

58 48 56 52 56 37

22

283

47 62 ""46" 48 39 47

51 36 54 50 55 50

10.0 10.6 12.1 12.9 14.2 14

1.0 .6 1.1 .9 1.2 ....

54 38 17 1054

22

22 27 14

585

32 11 3

447

2

40 71 82

55

60 29 18

43

16.3 16.6 17.4.

1.3 .6 .4.



FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF THE SCHOOL SYSTEMS OF GEORGIA FOR THE YEAR ENDING DEC. 31, 1923:
RECEIPTS

P

Appling

Baxley

Atkinson

Pearson

Willacoochee.

Bacon

Alma

Baker

Elmodel

Newton

Baldwin

...

Eddy

Milledgeville.

Banks

Barrow

Winder

_

Bartow

Adairsville...

Cartersville__

Ben Hill

Ashton

Cotton Mill..

Dorminy

Fitzgerald...

Lynwood

Roanoke

Westwood

Berrien

Alapaha

Enigma

Nashville

Ray City

Tygart

Bibb

Bleckley

Cochran

Brantley

Brooks

Barwick

Quitman

dTM

oo Xo i

C3 rH
A-

CD
o d

&

%

9 $ 2 ?
03 o3

u

m

o

10,382.65

~~7~84l~66

5.64
1.627.61 830.69
1,434.22 291.14 159.61 362.71
1,412.27
2,474.12 .65
.64
25.23 282.17 46.13

5,748.81 6,789.81
17,750.89
6,609.72 7,219.92 19,039.25
9,612.79

68.00 69.21 474.95 200.00
8.23 240.08 ,011.31
3,151.02 152.47 779.87 823.34

17,000.00
345,095.64 8,635.49 13,000.00 25,756.57

d S
03 . _. 01
8
OCD

3,933.17 3,960.00
1,055.25 769.66
2,000.00
1,250.00 5,334.82 3,071.55
15,314.71 3,848.87 4,650.00 26,169.00
1.875.72 520.32 581.78
29 854.77 2 173.22 765.69 38.02
2,835.39 502.72
6,914.55 1,350.00
173.92
7,181.98
9,955.56 3,346.13 26,835.78

1,768.00 1,280.00
745.49 1,500.00
541.00 495.90 6,550.27 693.90
3,019.98 850.00
2,784.52 4,081.75
44.00
33.74 2,054.72
265.00 217.50
15.00 822.50
50.0C 6,168.40 3,026.00
4,693.70

ao 0ao3
Q 2,675.00 1,500.00
811.35
Tl66~66
111.95 2,500.00
68.00 785.38
525.00
~"85~66

d mo> o& , "fQ o

d

O B0 . CD fi 01

14,444.80 1,530.00
17,235.60 1,426.87 1,126.95 10,042.64 1,558.00 12,368.00
1,000.00 22,348.08
20,282.84 19,973.04 4,100.00 27,064.00
82-3.50 5,163.04 12,583."

O
60.00 3,659.60 15,506.42
422.20 2,400.00 8,500.00 1,500.00 11,000.00 5,819.73
600.00 12,302.00
3,412.82 7,590.56
248.82 715.24 7,112.84 60.62 1,630.75

8,964.56

500.00

17,963.28
3,562.00
91,407.03 13,601.25 2,518.08
9,140.24 38,180.00

325.00
~5l4~91
80,955.25 2,201.90 1,272.61 24,050.00 1,000.CO

'3
"o3
o H
33,263.62 11,934.60 40,583.68 2,904.32
5,853.45 24,297.09
7,658.00 31,785.42
6,650.42 1,141.00 53,'25.19 2,148.99 17,957.52 38,679.28 28 854.05 23,149.93 61,174.46 8,322.29 37,045.11 22,201.59 1,920.36
520.32 640.75 41,656.22 2,219.35 765.69
38.02 36,078.28 3,120.89
586.93 12.289.41
1,600.00 182.15
460,471.79 25,449.95 13,998.67 25,292.36 98,095.00
5,126.00 32,352.82

oo

Bryan

Bulloch

.

Statesboro.

Burke

Butts

Jackson

Calhoun

Camden

St. Marys,.

Campbell

Fairburn... ...

Palmetto ..

Union Gity

Candler

.

Metter

Carroll

Carrollton

Catoosa.

._ .

Charlton

Chatham

Chattahoochee

Chattooga

Menlo

Trion

.

Cherokee

Ball Ground.,

Canton.. ....

Holly Springs

New Bethel.

Payne...

Woodstock..

Clarke

Athens .

Clay

Bluffton..

Fort Gaines

Clayton

Bethel.

Ellenwood .

Fairview

Flat Rock

Forest Park

Hebron

Howards

___

.

.

.

_

.

. __

..

. __ ._

._

. ..

Pftf r-l
A-
CD CCJ
Seg rtst
a^ PQ
9,672.60 395.48
6,657.90 23.50
1,507.72 3,777.22 1,785.05
203.01 3,136.08
696.15 511.91 106.26 1,510.11 85.55
3,448.00 2,600.00 1,059.15 7,552.15 2,560.00
48.07
4,834.70 29.35
854.17
50.00 44.00 316.17 521.49 305.75
141.00 26.53 258.72
60.33 34.89 57.46 139.18 678.62

a00
CO CD
rO-l
>> b co 0 12,543.20 26,097.75 37,467.34 11,011.53 16,720.25 10,297.33 10^358 ".65
10,087.36 25,261.37 10,213.00 13,966.36 328,544.90 2,000.55 16,629.44
12,054.48
19,957.69 7,064.18
8,660.28

0
'2 .
OCO
+^ CO
w P,
p
6,000.00 17,900.00
7,384.93 3,547.45 1,514.73 1,870.45
2,107.83 4,000.00 3,108.15 10,866.25 5,150.00 8,169.58 21,238.23 3,976.00 5,700.00
2,985.00
2,263.86 13,666.00
181.00 180.00
1,700.00
111,000.00
807.50 3,000.00
86.59 167.84 156.06 526.30 929.20 249.14 202.26

a
CO . . TA
So
a*
350.00 5,629.11
3,012.80 1,735.00
120.00
523.55 379.50
70.25 2,329.00
837.41 7,325.70 5,876.88
200.00
33,296.01
350.00 379.58
598.38 3,327.50
85.00
455.60 1,469.92 1,785.50
677.00 1,336.50
118.74

aen
0 +3
aCO
0
0
1,185.68 437.79 550.00 139.85 202.85
2,567.35 300.00
11,203.75
929.50
5.94

Other Sources, including Bonds, Loans, etc.

3C3O fi
CD +^ C3 CO
11,843.76 46,114.20
3,053.30 48,834.16 25,083.76
17,755.19 10,471.44 1,302.95 13,149.30
1,140.66
14,550.00
53 015.60
9,638.00 6,300.00 90,000.00 8,515.60 23,711.67 1,586.66
28,133.20
13,566.48 19,305.80 11,056.08 2,400.00
17,986.92

2,422.20 2,500.00 82,783.77
748.47 1,750.00 2,154.45 2,014.00
212.00 2,126.48 3,805.26 1,156.51
3,668.22 4.00
7,000.00 47.25 953.00
392,679.04 278.04 567.50 874.21
509.45 1,300.00 1,087.64
1,232.50 390.00
8,685.25 10,552.65
1,342.22 426.31

a
O CD
"3
0
H
24,386.96 90,656.35 30,663.57 175,743.17 36,867.24 13,661.45 46,127.35 26,082.55 3,708.41 28,770.51 7,882.79 7,328.43 3,284.66 43,413.79 6,076.96 103,339.60 26,831.97 28,728.00 28.566.36 845,579.04 18,346.34 43,468.61 5,843.94 11,583.33 45,531.83 4,191.59 18,935.31
266.00 230.00 44.00 3,684.27 36,635.08 141,082.30 28,672.91 4,025.50 5,705.25 27,332.23
86.59 234.11 190.95 583.76 1,187.12 927.76 202.26

Jonesboro

Lovejoy

_

Morrow

Mt. Zion

Mountain View

Noah's Ark

Philadelphia

Pine Grove

Pleasant Grove.

Riverdale

_

Rex

Tanners

Clinch.

Cobb

_

Acworth

1

Austell

Marietta

Roswell

Coffee

Broxton

Douglas

Klcholls

C olquitt

Doerun

_. _

Moultrie

C olumbia

_

Cook

Adel

___

Sparks

Coweta

Newnan.

Senoia

Crawford

Crisp

Cordele

Dade

1214 School District

1222 School District

1038 School District

1037 School District

960 School District

Dawson

Decatur

Alliance

_

Attapulgus.

Bainbridge

Bell Dixon

Bethany.

Brinson

Climax

Eldorendo

Faceville

Fowlston

Mt. Pleasant

|$
_.. _

452.02 250.53
.64 117.25 128.47 105.62 108.15 33.94
495.50 1,977.10 2,745.45
608.88 101.94 549.03 2,161.08
297.59 178.00
201.04 18,638.30 4,103.85
583.94 75.00
10,175.00
1,007.26
5,591.61 6,170.55 1,895.76
138.67 67.70 61.71 100.47 31.05 38.05 4,723.86 175.65 428.50 1,980.80 106.34
4.52 717.63 485.02
3,315.63 1,114.71

14,815.44 22,277.98
15,482.71
23,815.18 9,119.08 10,824.21 26,000.00 10,139.71 10,279.06
~~5~721~66
1,440.00 30,412.76

060. 633 488 391 379
70 255 260
58 254 275
67
26,576 3,663 2,800 20,000 4,160
970 14,240,
1,900 17,834 2,764 38,500
8,903 1,660 4,000 27,063 2,517
31,232.13
287.18 365.27 881.78 700.05 ,344.00
248.77 4,483.03 19,712.99
539.29 1,339.00 2,851.92 3,300.63
560.01 600.98 3,179.85 316.48!

98.00
38.00 10.00
263.00 5,780.00
845.03 427.45 9,800.00 1,223.77 850.00 359.36 960.00 603.75 2,508.75
1,851.34 130.00
10,700.00 868.25
3,081.60
16,68.54

1,040.00
1,556.00 702.08 946.50
2,583.00 171.00
90.00

11,440.16 33,592.43
7,314.94 1,449.36 39,394.08 1,220.00 5,002.00
500.00 32,556.00
976.00 5,596.22 18,492.56 20,493.00 3,371.68
945.30 36,650.64
7,285.28 1,530.00 13,835.84 19,446.80 8,503.39 8,341.40
6,136.94 27,860.68
4,927.97

5.00
8,124.81 240.00 22.50 444.25
18,500.00 1,433.90
26,448.55 3,291.72 670.85 100.00 10,101.58 1,480.79
25,110.59 22,557.93
2,295.00
6,000.00 728.60
1,029.90 33,130.33
506.39 163.36 682.00
75.00 21,245.19
28,089.41 9,800.00 24.00 52.01 100.00 180.00
60.30
T366~.66

3,060.95 1,118.56
739.31 392.25 535.11 198.71 371.39 368.79
92.70 254.10 275.20 563.12 36,620.51 91,212.35 8,456.78 3,774.62 56,163.97 10,528.65 81,325.34 6,331.72 20,469.95 5,194.00 85,613.54 7,930.97 63,681.02 56,826.08 53,875.14 19,588.34 2,810.30 82,825.64 45,777.25 6,952.50 57,276.88 35,823.86 49.150.93 16,640.16 425.85 432.97 943.49 800.52 1,375.05 7,689.99 84,242.49 324.42 33,000.94 38,180.30 669.63 1,395.21 3,669.55 3,965.65 560.01 3,976.91 4,294.56 1,676.48

H Z
Po o

Parker

Pine Grove .. ___

._

Pine Hill

Recovery ... __.

Twin Lakes

West Bainbridge

DeKalb

Decatur

East Lake

Lithonia

.

Dodge

Eastman

Dooly ...

..

Lilly

._

cc

Pinehurst Unadilla.

Vienna

Dougherty

Albany

Douglas

Bill Arp

Douglasville

_ _ _ ...

Lithia Springs

Villa Rica

Winston.

_

Early

Blakely

Cedar Springs .

Colomokee ._

Damascus

Jakin_

Liberty Hill

Lucile - ..

...

New Hope.

__ .

.

Rowena

Springfield

Echols

Effingham

Clyo

Ebenezer

._

Egypt

Mario w

_..

d TO
Oj p-l
A-
a> as
pq
2.35
152.94 76.17 2,106.00 4,141.24
1,169.81
150.00 1,640.71
1,768.00 237.54
2,231.65 13.50
10.20
518.20 3,495.49
470.12 45.91 55.60 94.86
108.42 23.ro 78.00
2,402.20 3,866.56
23.17 92.59
5.65

oo Acoo
aa>
i! s
o
55,000.00 28,092.85 19,058.12 11,000.00 12,378.12
20,000.00
8,900.00 25,537.79
|

i
a.
OCQ
'*-' n
w ft O
605.48 343.03 4,378.42 1,524.93 1,240.81 4,677.18 4,125.00 46,400.00 5,431.82 2,190.59
14,950.00
400.00 4,291.25 3,080.14 6,165.27
56,406.91
85.40 8,260.00
976.40 226.50 357.15
6,612.92
2,104.75
1,450.98 729.07 3'5.34 208.53
1,084.80 537.97
1,054.65 175.55 700.00
2 531 .81 537.53!

a
OS .
P2 s
1,500.00 4,899.50
306.00 2,043.25 3,161.95
25.00 1,117.00
800.00 3,304.05 4,157.50 1,160.00 1,800.00
245.00
10.00
23.00 40.00 9M.R(1

ian
0
a
0
562.80
4,374.68

a0
acS CD
28,460.00 9,279.55 679.40 35,115.04 3,275.97 31,476.56 683.20
22,682.24 16,328.48
28,026.96 2,491.75
5,684.96 18,098.96

95S> 1R|
4,115.00 532.99
130,966.00 124,647.34
4,512.50 136,401.98
1,600.00 2,500.00
229.45
16,661.90 6,644.22 2,848.91 2,800.00
23,119.99 3,848.34
909.20
19 200.00 5,486.00
36.50 31.95 1,000.00

a '3
0

Oj
O
h
(W7 CQ
343.03 4,380.77 5,639.93 1,393.75 5,286.34 212,157.00 189,367.63 6,417.22 8,746.04 199,609.87 24,720.53 53,034.68
575.00 7,961.61 3,880.14 11,237.32 50,581.68 67,208.63 34,947.16
98.90 12,860.00
986.60 226.50 875.35 74,642.44 18,042.81 550.80 3,069.55 94.86 1,450.98 729.07 423.76 231.73 ^0,362.80 537.97 22,473.16 39,770.19 1,137.32 300.09 740.00 4,486.31 543.18

Other Sources, including Bonds, Loans, etc.

Meldrim

Pineora

Race Path

--

Rincon

Springfield

Stillwell

Elbert-

Butler

Oenterville

Cooley

Doves Creek

Deep Creek

Dewey Rose

Elberton

First Consolidated.

Flatwoods

Fork Creek

Fortsonia

Goss

-

Heardmont

Holly Springs

Hudson

Locust Tree

Longstreet

Middleton

CO

Montevideo

Nelms

Oglesby

Rock Branch

Ruckersville

Emanuel

Evans

Belleville

Claxton

Daisy

Hagan

Sapp. -

Fannin

Blue Ridge

McCaysville

Mineral Bluff

Fayette

Floyd

Rome

Forsyth

Cumming

Itley

Mayfield

Oak Grove

Sharon

Franklin

Canon

Lavonia

122.10L... 39.03

66.48 160.42 130.77 ,054.34 39.16 274.64
4.48
631.97

5,980.61

463.70 ,207.68 679.19
65.33

719.31 5.65
59.37 214.26 120.06
407.83 2.55 22.53 1.69 26.33
1,228.70 421.79 559.72 1.18
.75 3,185.28
53.97 9.07 2.24
2,072.27
415.00

29,875.75 9,465.00
7,643.04
8,598.57 48,000.00
7,259.95

16.65 1,770.10

8,615.00

1,076.84
"160^45 1,015.70 1,149.02
380.74 857.86 299.38 405.90 218.38 433.89 19,131.25 672.96 439.04 317.75 557.75 341.46 176.86 203.88 450.87 364.56 132.25 345.41 683.50 583.94 589.77 953.62 295.66 14,210.00
785.18 8,018.94 1,835.79 1,111.62
59.75 737.73 3,525.21 3,945.27 107.69 4,386. 6,000.00 43,680.00
3,120.00 57.42 422.85 161.97 289.59
5,000.00 1,200.00 7,585.79

153.001. 290.50. 888.50
6,741.83
6.67 4,000.00
102.00 224.65
15.00 800.00
9.00 1,720.67 9,465.18
1~666~66
1,191.10 6,824.00

126.46

31,856.64

566.26 92.00 113.85
4.83 30.00 ,200.00

57,189.44 13,490.16
19,027.12

900.00 110.00

20,899.84 38,825.28 15,000.00 16,405.36

20,450.00 1,566.48 2,120.00

100.00
"hY.ib
2,824.92
67.20 26.53
37.00
230.16 2.00 12.50 1.50
31.50 47.50 41.50 65.32 323.15
6.00 32.19
.50
116.76 12,310.00
373.85 12,133.96 4,825.52
635.00
1,802.47
29.05 16,500.00
609.46 543.87 3,345.00
1,900.00

1,351.94 429.53 160.45
1,189.28 2,324.40
130.77 42,716.51
419.90 1,199.70
330.39 1,037.87
218.38 934.59 27,080.76 1,582.31 506.37 330.25 559.25 341.46 896.17 241.03 498.37 465.43 411.83 788.62 689.50 1,030.63 592.82 976.15 414.10 117,611.55 25,225.97 13,432.93 13,742.68 2,486.97 1,116.45
90.50 35,059.30
5,381.05 3,963.34
109.93 38,607.36 109,325.28 68,754.64 24,209.19
7,990.00 57.42 422.85 178.62 289.59
35,835.10 3,957.58 18,429.00

S OS -

oo

&
0) 03

Martin

Royston,.

Fulton,

.

Atlanta,_

___

College Park

East Point

Gilmer

Ellijay

Glascock,

Glynn

.

Gordon

.._

Sugar Valley

...

Grady

.

Cairo

_

Calvary

CO

Central..

.

Chason

..

Elpino

Fairview

Pine Park

Whigham

.

Greene

Fairview

Greensboro

Greshamville

Liberty

Meadow Crest

Union Point

Veazey

White Plains

Woodville

Gwinnett

Buford

Lawrenceville

..

Habersham

.

Alto

Baldwin,.

Clarkesville

.

Cornelia

Demorest

.

Habersham Mills

Mt. Airy

Hall

n
3,219.77 2,835,281.65
525.02
376.34 4,183.86 133,846.62
13.25 956.86
185.33 67.68 114.03 65.20 95.00
160.80 29.87 236.63
.53 337.23
10.92
482.92
450.50
415.58 213.94 4,428.81 425.08
40.70 20.00 343.78 220.00
4,579.08

1

Oo Ao
CO

o a . u3H0x3

sda>
la

^Sos
oHcoo '+>-3< r0i3

o

52 &

105,234.22
5,780.00 2,225.11 21,592.62 10,154.77 23,792.25
11,829.56

5,750.00
1,774,591.68 20,032.59 32,662.64
2,344.79
50,448.07 17,693.30
130.00
12,564.13 1,329.09
412.70 36.90
397.49 346.41 538.63 5,158.84
356.01 7,683.71
88.87 523.67 136.71 2,801.45

23,883.68 29,481.40

1,550.95 959.41
16,632.43 12,983.42
882.17 900.00 2,131.66 9,651.74 1,549.08

31,938.31

2,374.78

1
J3
da
OS .
23
1,670.00 1,488.05 18,920.84 2,386.86 2,063.87
305.08
3,151.00 3.50
20.50
55.83
60.00 385.75 44.00
1,246.25
909.71 114.00 415.10 79.25
2,885.60 1,772.46
150.00 305.70 40.00
3.00 269.00 294.29 1,129.67

oa a03
o O
1,000.00 172.85 80.00 26.35
1,902.00

S33pCO
<x>
+a 03 +^> CO
2,176.00 34,330.48 158,697.60 4,094.32
6,637.18 14,840.08
7,772.00 25,844.87 22,712.00
312.32 31,573.60

26,631.64

135.00

92.50

37,193.68 3,045.12
" 430.24
14,725.28

471.98 13,985.72

32,063.44

288.00 182,274.86 169,110.45
96.32 83,475.37
5,609.00 10,542.50
508.21 16,650.00
7,811.36 10,818.58
11.09
153.97
446.00
4,056,51 100.00 260.00 118.00
56,016.62 479.14
35,180.57
727.92 1,695.14
600.84

10,844.00 326,547.38 2,154,670.54 26,610.09 125,444.08 26,229.08
3,052.56 24,723.47 232,240.39 72,263.07
459.07 64,133.09 32,803.21
1,525.51 536.21 150.93 616.66 441.41
759.43 5,574.46 39,187.83
356.01 12,987.00
426.10 634.59 136,71 4,454.08 367.00 2,416.55 1,038.66 117,144.37 23,457.87 50,580.63 48,635.49 1,307.25 1,142.50 2,478.06 9,711.74 2,623.78 1,964.14 766.27 86.671.84

Other Sources, including Bonds, Loans, etc.
Total Receipts.

Gainesville
Hart
Onllla Jefferson Johnson

544.26

30,385.25

1,521.50

379.20 720.00 165.80 367.87
86.44

15,i77.76 18,509.00

5,000.00
4,846.47 2,559.36 13,708.81 1,723.27

951.00
321.00 662.00 446.50 22.00

12 244.30 584.92
1,089.95 118.86 408.61

19,325.69
9,221.07 1,500.00

2,135.23 368.65
3,018.00 1,057.58 13,014.22

579.40
2,500.66
5,078.30

31.32
504.00 962.56

7,072.00 23,073.84 25,120.98

906.54 17,500.00

198.00 309.90 35,000.00

100.00 758.76

11,170.59

3,700.00 729.46
6,300.00

1,500.00 2,898.94

675.78 318.50 2,170.47

13,500.00
13,828.58 8,400.43

6,593.23 8,067.82
3,964.51

4,514.78 583.33
1,758.50

2,634.58

28,645.02

27,000.00

3,000.00

19,994.74

--

8,228.13 4,530.36

10,500.00 13,172.53

7,249.00

4,424.34 682.50

8,101.32

5,500.00

8,000.00

881.52 4.48

8,700.21 29,463.10

23,000.00 1,000.00

1,365.66 65.00

45.17

1,580.00 38,300.00

246.00 1,500.00

1,500.00

685.00

4,273.08 370.01 25.77

16,675.89 16,083.50 4,816.16

4,733.99 3,749.92
2^322"26

76.50 353.55 624.00

710.33 365.37 45.04

2,982.96 29,266.44

844.41 1,157.11
195.92 36,000.00

23.20 484.50 2,583.74 2,896.39

1,689.97

4,695.25

261.50

852.00 99.21 333.12

5,987.00

196.26 694.00

19.25

67.50

201.05

7,264.20

30,533.76 22,286.00

__ 28,400.56

1,500.00

22,400.00 1,225.36 2,874.56 17,757.00
26,469.63 35,624.00

1,100.00 1,167.18
708.16 913.28 54.18
87.90 30.00

32,334.00 2,375.27
32,141.00 3,147.60 25,351.60 9,906.40 147.00 36,015.00 18,978.72
24,161.04 20,838.16 17,712.68 4,600.00 10,878.88 48,386.96
404.00 439.28 7,617.68 629.52 31,487.28 11,882.00 15,861.84
8,551.36
26,830.24
10,636.96 9,544.44 15,415.92

625.00
56.00 76.17 1,957.93 285.35 18.49 1,219.70 362.59 164 .09 7,257.03
1,673.68
26,325.47 3,034.71 285.47
25,500.00 1,559.81 1,121.35
23,206.54 13,456.05 10,500.00 2,991.00 4,800.00 42,043.84 6,076.50 6,300.00 13,533.07
15,756.23 23,009.75
339.77 426.90
31,503.34 700.00
4,091.31 72.60
12,700.00 1,681.82
49,000.00 8,380.04
975.00

39,715.21 46,336.52
6,330.20 41,571.00
5,409.37 5,547.16 14,527.10 1,764.56 61,190.25 3,662.14
532.74 46,986.05
4,010.80 23,049.37 24,860.32 76,378.19 64,481.69
2,464.47 21,000.00
5,300.00 70,853.38 13,134.02 54,031.42 39,255.24 55,390.03 28,806.83 8,861.01 103,194.60 81,017.30 61,809.19 45,523.55 39,347.07 18,100.00 36,216.84
125,359.81 1,469.00 2,650.22
47,844.58 2,814.72 88,703.58 32,861.93 25,856.79 3,932.14 10,634.34 1,577.94 70.803.66 4,560.70 98,533.35 24,659.10 22,254.92
295.47 2,051.37
268.55

O O
Pleasant Hill
CO 00
Allio

CM H OS 03 rH
Si
CD CCi
SOS oflj
649.85 71.79 140.00
579.44
4.05
108.97
166.00

o 0 Ao
CQ
CaD
i-i
|
o
13,193.02 15,660.56

26.05
990.91 959.35 4,501.77 36.80
55.92 63.46 641.97 184.03 188.44 1,756.78 194.88 284.94 22.87 1,111.40 662.57 27.72 280.00
.20 417.85
38.28 950.85 1,878.41 33.55 1,780.57 2,609.02
376.98 6,797.23

17,017.14 7,194.36 13,536.68
10,050.00 6,055.80 15,834.63 28.510.3S 9,363.32 4,312.97

r3gnco-
OOQ
+-> CQ
.n2 P<
6,647.14 57.24 122.00
1,557.27
266.83 619.11 680.57 1,164.63 5,600.00 16,615.73 2,325.00 549.85 11,242.12
8,000.00
300.00 649.00 2,505.18 14,853.93 681.98 3,017.62 2,900.00 575.00 250.00 746.71 1,057.20 257.56 600.00 602.82 1,500.04 4,879.91 518.68 4,791.40
2,107.99 592.97
8,127.29 10,900.00
135.41

^

t
'3

H
aa

03 .

J3 CD

aoq
o

+^>
CS
eo l p

5,624.50

93.33

473.98 1,568.60 1,920.00
969.60
2,625.90

783.76

328.50 5,066.85
315.60 533.09

460.00

14.00

42.50 1,192.00

23.38

341.97 5,395.06 3,786.75 3,255.92
889.55

471.33 2,615.44
120.00

^^

Other Sources, including Bonds, Loans, etc.

9i
F*< a) +^>
18,955.20 23,261.72
24,798.00 15,681.28 39,208.90
16,666.36 11,440.76 44,812.96 25,159.68 14,439.9 28,218.06 1

6,529.05
17,890.00 18,097.57
2,525.00 10.00
1,000.00 19,594.19 3,800.00
98.70 89.00 100.00 4,779.70
3.19 15.36 4,000.00 9.79 310.43 5,751.66 2,224.66 200.00 1,453.46 73,364.10 11,000.00

ft "o3 aCD
o
19,450.54 129.03 262.00
52,268.26 57,019.85
270.88 619.11 789.54 1,638.61 9,759.60 18,535.73 3,304.60 575.90 57,466.92 43,460.74 12,759.35 57,346.05 336.80 1,253.92 2,997.14 25,342.45 866.01 3,520.66 5,189.87 769.88 534.94 769.58 2,182.60 923.32 627.72 898.18 1,566.12 10,489.76 566.75 32,458.61 19,685.40 8,706.50 73,256.29 14,723.06 15,729.38 127,034.17 35,828.20
1 39,328.28


V

Madison

Murray

--

Oaseys Springs.

Chatsworth

Cisco

Eton Ramhurst

Spring Place...

Muscogee

Columbus

Newton Covington

Oconee

Bishop.

--

Bogart

Eastville Farmington--

High Shoals.--

Ida Carithers..

Mars Hill.

Omer

Pine Grove

Union Chapel.. Wattsinsville...

Oglethorpe

to

Arnoldsville--

to

Bairdstown--

Bethesda

Chapel

Comele

Crawford

Enrerprise

Glade

Maxeys

Meson Prospect

Rose Hill

Sandy Cross..

Stephens

Union

Vesta Woodstock--

Paulding

Pickens

Jasper Marble City...

Nelson

Pierce Blackshear...

Pike

Polk Cedartown....

Benedict

Fish Creek

666.941 4,592.171
110.00 9,021.73
342.40
365.13 128.82 3,264.69
19.36 3,114.70
563.87 1,829.83
44~07 37.61 444.43 20.20
35.16 ...-44.07
~"~12~36 31.31
3,062.01
88.00 60.39 17.00
4.13 260.82
2,065.20 720.00
339.59 420.00 715.48 2,353.04 10,081.50
98.03 118.90 424.68

9,936.12
60,748.01 9,406.51 4,257.57
3,270.89

8,400.00
280"07 5,256.06
25.00 1,221.43
746.58 200.00 282.20 203,000.00
14,500.00
805.28 588.60 495.65 266.49 315.96 163.57
49.00
~~l24~67 2,700.67
599.20 675.00
76.13
248.58 3,500.00
106.89
450.21 2,284.01
136.87
476.13

10,281.95 7,000.00
12,050.00 11,797.59 11,379.28

6,980.00
1,750.00 1,400.00
1,100.00 9,481.85 8,059.61 1,992.43 33,261.96 2,108.85
927.27

1,411.61' 175.20 28.00 ~i45~8l _215"98
3,539.00 407.36
"^309^70 11.91 85.50
1,019.70 149.50
275.00 750.00 210.37
500.50 63.00
2,000.00 144.00 827.00 923.87 929.00 900.00
3,157.51

92.73 512.84
40.51 100.49 222.06 "i~633~34

2,739.73 14,000.00
20,244.48 32,105.52 31,832.24
894.48 15,704.40

60.00 177.25

32,795.96

13.00 38.00 286.64
100.00

205.00 16,000.00
622.95 6,553.33
1,000.00

~21~452.48 11,814.48
1,127.40 13,726.54 3,152.00 21,456.04 25,312.56
5,987.43

2,954.19 402.00
3,460.06
~~*523~95
1,420.37 8,015.25 2,722.04
300.00 155.03 2,843.82

16,265.20 29,618.33
390.07 17,765.85
407.91 1,971.68 1,111.71 2,187.23 92,554.63 239,480.26 44,653.45 19,642.38 24,942.98

680.00
1.61 180.00 43.05
75.00
600.00 30.00 57.65 ~2~566".66 1,000.00 300.00 600.00 4,804.13 143.00 491.65

638.12 940.08 372.19 315.96 878.73 93.07
167~03 3,813.29 33,184.84
969.00 763.00 136.52
17.00 248.58 3,775.00 106.89 838.00 488.21 2,781.02
4.13 397.69 600.50 1,139.13
30.00 57.65 205.00 43,279.63 38,534.48 1,894.00 1,889.95 9,544.19 27,296.54 19,082.46 45,718.28 49,257.42 42,504.93 2,228.75 1,351.95

1
o
0

Lake Creek

Mt. Home

Rockmart

Pulaski

Hawklnsville

Putnam..

Eatonton

Quitman

Rabun

Clayton

Randolph

Richmond

Rockdale

Conyers

Schley

Screven

Seminole

Carthage

Desser

Donalsonville..

Fairchild

Griselda

Iron City

Lela

Reynoldsville . ...

Ward

Spalding

Griffin

Stephens

Toccoa

. ...

Stewart

.. .

Lumpkin

Richland

Sumter

..

Andersonville

Americus

Concord.

Huntington

Lyrion

New Era

Plains

Union High

Shiloh

H Ol
CO t-t
A-
0) CO
Bs
<5 CO

oo o
CO
aOl
j? >>
H co
D

1

oa .

>-1H

sg

X)

cs .

OKI

.5"+a"JaCO

28
H

177.68 90.00

767.39 686.89

63.27 78.50

16,079.24

4,600.00

207.94 1,660.00

10,437.26 60.52
4,306.64

6,403.81 788.63

15,200.00 265.59 7,499.32

4,000.00 2,253.54

2,045.93

10,945.14

7,626.41 21,428.55
5,544.09

16,518.44 484,922.69
4,397.35

3,100.00 12,237.68
329.20

340.00 1,189.77 3,881.25
145.60

1,339.26

4,493.60

7,500.00 6,994.35

4,582.17

9,010.40 1,762.15

24,451.49 11,993.64

3,373.08

20.57 .30

564.08 916.67

463.78

7,962.58 252.64

249.41

142.46

1,408.11

343.73

723.51

941.98

66.17

634.65

2,467.56

19,976.82

498.81

39,704.80

11,181.15

373.22

7,506.00

265.44

2,702.06

13,350.00

3,263.12

3,090.43

11,767.01

456.37

515.57

5,689.26

99.00

..

8,659.56

1,136.50

64.64

20,078.73

49.54

1,210.73

...

620.39

46,107.91

2,23i.04

.

43.62

600.00 2,297.65

2,856.08

304.70

1,835.94

310.00 1,018.04
131.24

8,948.06 6,254.90 159.25

182.00 419.80

aGO
o
aCoO
Q 310.91
125.00 800.00 3,038.37 401.29 200.00 3,704.79
806.34 3,150.00
60.00

to
a 0
3
CO
w
15,390.44 2,950.23 15,365.00 6,298.88 9,352.32 29,654.96 82,626.83 10,633.85 3,055.72 9,593.04 36,955.84 14,104.00
19,754.24 8,837.92 11,580.24 22,141.76
29,665.59 9,544.20

3,812.00 9,732.19
125.92
30.23 15.00 1,250.00 1,489.55 25,587.81 9,051.33
2,757.00 8,690.00
150.00 67.01
50,974.50
159.00 126.59
10.00 8,008.78 10,000.00 2,308.33
10,266.80 3,691.76 3,498.46 8,241.00
5,580.c0
2,325.00 4,350.00

GO
a 'o8
GO "3
+oJ
944 07 776 89 8,994.12 42,940.35 22,150.23 32,597.58 9,813.38 11,424.38 22,482.46 5,490.00 71,755.18 618,447.13 30,501.71 15,337.89 25,177.25 86,185.60 41,527.25 651 60 916 97 58,937.08 716 42 249.41 1,709.57 470 32 1 665 49 710.82 50,207.40 70,222.68 22,033.23 19 315 18 48,528.71 9,995.59 16,444.52 58,049.96 1,260.27 64,083.84 600.00 2,341.27 2,916.08 2,140.64 11,765.06 12,042.74 290.49

Other Sources, including Bonds, Loans, etc.

Thalean Talbot

Tattnall Taylor. Telfalr

.. ..

Terrell

Thomas Barnett Creek Boston Cooledge Center Hill Dillon Enon Fredonia Law

Meigs Metcalfe

Ozell

Patten

Pavo

*-

Pebble Hill Rummer Hill

Thomasville

Unity

Waunleigh

Tift

Tifton.

Toombs.

Lyons

Towns..

Treutlen

Troup

Hogansville

LaGrange

West Point.

Turner...

Ashburn

Twiggs

Everett. .

Jeffersonville

Kmit.h

Union

Upson..

J. E. Johnston Institute

Thomaston.

The Rock--.

Walker

Chickamauga

Linwood

..

44.10 2,389.42 1,734.74
691.04 349.07 3,437.12 1,000.00
72.00 325.34 532.31 367.00 362.40
1.08
129.77 14.70
2,732.63 2,383.55
255.15 19.74
470.46 287.37
282.56 25,872.59
245.85 55.44 62.24 619.99
2,038.11
140.09 30.09 1,962.78 1,901.68 565.64 2,293.27 1,389.14 44.90
94.13 3.75
810.6 1,266.13
202.2C 268.9
13,997.64 t 793.9E 209.7(

12,427.60 8,017.78 20,000.00 7,500.00 24,699.90 2,300.00 13,344.64 39,715.72
17,325.56 13,853.27 2,124.35 9,034.13 12,296.86
10,000.00 7,288.52
3,880.53 9,713.64
19,964.6(

3,230.93
15,000.00 12,213.15
750.00 705.50
18,000.00
8,033.38
457.00
94.00
52.03 405.77 752.33 2,083.01 581.07 417.62 1,295.19
99.38
19,697.34 38.02
8,693.90 20,843.91
4,800.00
2,237.01 3,753.83 122,136.21 13,628.71 3,874.00 10,000.00
1,018.65 2,127.96
466.06
2,875.73 4,205.74 1,538.92 12,882.5E 4,150.0C

3.00 1,760.00 2,000.00 3,426.00
210.00 3,300.00
2,638.15 61.50 57.25
667.50 3.00
299,63 55.25
1,204.04
10,707.48
i54.26 1,669.13 2,150.00
2,338.25 8,924.24 3,229.69 3,800.00
44.05 687.50
1,173.10 4,605.00
294.58 2,250.25 4,434.55
13.75

1,710.00
37.20
200.00 84.41 376.20 100.00

18,616.80 12,424.48 24,883.12 19,283.10 31,795.28
1,224.49 21,400.00 4,200.00 35,746.00
2,090.62
8,530.24
34.126.56 2,942.64
39,879.28 3,331.60 20,870.52 23,106.80 2,766.50 18,422.40 3,523.36 17,782.72 2,405.41 16,977.18
9,808.80 30,350.16
33,275.92 1,327.36

162.50 3,548.98
33,000.00 20,462.73 40,004.00
844.10 7,439.31
4,100.00
3,310.37 589.96
60.00
722.64 195.83 1,806.14 200.00
3,712.85 35.00
21,693.83
20,222.00 7,027.35
28,500.00 980.00 228.91
20,739.13
1,590.09 853.10
3,112.65
2,320.00 1,646.50
627.50
15,956.12
25.15 3,000.00
875.25 13,611.00
2,735.74

3,437.53 36,985.80 23,937.00 94,883.12 64,594.98 97,249.18
5,765.13 42,743.02 28,937.12 80,561.72
72.00 16,397.86
1,183.77 881.25 362.40 155.08 81.91 129.77 66.73
4,165.74
3,234.71 4,443.93
856.06 888.08 6,499.45 134.38 282.56 86,501.48 283.87 427.60 80,604.52 33,118.89 84,270.66 7,930.00 6,024.95 50,673.87 39,603.45 12,434.76 151,901.59 25,787.68 33,045.86 18,570.31 26,332.45 1,112.78 3,446.71 466.06 30,456.07 41,329.73 4,376.18 11,810.74 2,709.05 95,982.02 10,705.86 2,959.25

Walton

Logan vllle

Monroe..

Ware

Fairfax

Waycross

Warren

Oamak

Warrenton

Washington

Deepstep

Davisboro

Harrison

Pringle

Riddleville...

to

Tennille

Worthen

Wayne

Webster

Wheeler

White

Cleveland

Helen...

Nacoochee

Robertson

Shoal Creek..

Union Grove.

Yonah

Whitfield

Cohutta

Dalton

Wilcox

Abbeville

Pine view

Pitts

Rochelle

Wilkes.... ._.

WashingtOn-

Wilkinson

Irwinton

Worth

Total...

03 r-t
Q) 03 Od 03 oS
M 12,099.55
230.05 2,868.03 7,300.34
274.72 5,425.44
6.19 9,411.56
180.00 72.88
5.00
777.43
363.76 ,355.99
427.45

.ooa
o CO
a
5
>>
u
13,205.21
21,000.00 3,346.38
24,088.71
28,382.61 4,919.83 9,600.00 5,817.40

%d x
d
03 .d
-P o OCO
' d c,
4J 03
.2 ft
5,202.45 1,804.21 14,841.43 15,000.00
61,612.64
1,275.00 2,512.13
3,339.73 775.00
550.00 6,825.88
8,397.15 13,579.90
1,700.00 950.00
55.00 375.00

eJ d
03 .
CO
o
3,100.00 811.47
3,240.00
492.15 971.38
320.00 3,414.98
550.00 542.61 131.90
275.00 1,544.72
730.00 150.00 290.98


Po i
03
3
O
O 166.02 225.00
1,255.00 "~~250~66
1,380.16
ioo~66

301 d p
0> +3 03 -p CO
34,959.68
15,001.12 283.04
14,996.24 16,327.12
45,258.40
17,338.72 9,238.08 14,666.08 9,769.76

a*
m od offl o
o ho CO d m
5 OHI
20,000.00 2,001.38 243.02 5,000.00 51.00 55,197.19 2.50 10.00 70.00 10,311.33
494.39
499.17
45,789.07
700.00 269.28

ft
o
87,691.89 5,013.13 21,507.48 63,301.46
826.19 133,052.17 25,101.44
1,605.00 7,258.30 96,070.00
800.00 4,062.34
699.17 5.00
825.00 11,027.06
730.00 100,421.31 30,484.78 24,966.08
16,283.89 1,700.00 950.00
55.00 375.00

2,748.55 69.28
1,108.58 25,509.49
240.19 966.45
1,559.41 3,336.76 1,200.00
.66

8,099.66 13,404.45
25,164.22 15,500.00 23,587.06

1,333.51 20,700.00
4,334.37 1,490.67 2,898.77 5,588.00 1,869.83 20,678.46 7,000.00
13,775.84

* 3,528,147.20$ 3,552,478.69$ 4,401,800.158

89.41 5,577.45
168.76
250.00 485,547.03$

170.00 300.00

23,031.00 26,891.92

710.00

44,156.72 _2^554~66 ~38~273".84

9,200.00 5.60
600.00 41,012.97
3,034.59 9,130.67
20,597.00

43,079.21 1,667.80
27,177.45 82,417.92 29,843.82
1,490.67 3,307.72 6,554.45 72,355.53 31,368.54 47,390.76 1,910.00 96,484.40

127,427.89$ 4,257,051.66$ 3,297,7g^^$19^58J)1177I34

DISBURSEMENTS

INDEBTEDNESS

P

Aprling

Baxley

Atkinson .

Pearson

Willacooehee__

Bacon

Alma

Baker

Elmodel.

Newton

Baldwin

Eddy

Milledgevllo. _

Bankg

Barrow

Winder

02

Bartow Adairaville

Carteraville Ben Hill.__

Afihton

Cotton MilL..

Dorminy

Fitzgerald

Tynnwood

Roanoke

Westwood

Berrien

Alapaha

Enicma

Nashville

Ray City

Ty^art

Beckley

Cochran

Bibb

,,._.

Brantley

Brooks

Barwick

Quitman

Bryan,

_._

Bulloch

Statesl>oro

Burke

Butts

Jackson

Calhoun

Camden,.

St. Marys

.Campbell

Fairburn

Palmetto

Union City-.-

1,761.15
1,244.50 166.12
1,380.55 1,986.56 2,525.00 2,728.22
i;i25"66 2,093.00
55.54
296.00 36.19
40.00
165.69 1,101.30 2,250.00 6,788.20 1,671.78 2,413.85 ^600".66 1,468.00 2,650.33
47.00 2,615.06 1,508.91
7.00 3,498.31 1,008.00
931 .25 1,823.41

19,024 8,345 11,364 4,775 4,070 11,401 6,795 11,682
550 1,571 19,012 2,587 19,443 20,067 16,921 17.572 39,018 6,493 23,615 10,008
770 520 570 30,582 908 765
16,228.00 3,557.00 2,065.00 9,720.75 4,235.00
800.00 14,505 9,882.50 320,868.66 16,613.98 33,090.00 6,130.00 22,248.73 18,145.75 45,458.19 23,619.36 54,468.. 19,975.75 10,890.00 25,952.00 10,045.00 2,247.50 15,533.87 7,664.49 5,106.25
2,836.18

2,619.40 800.00
1,609.00 690.00 450.00 447.00 175.00
3,982.34
,802.56
2,417.72 1,933.50 1,395.00 3,702.75
3,040.00 1,925.00
38.02 4,675.00
125.00
"""765.00
1,745.01 590.00
52,292.00 1,253.75 8,894.13
4,401.00 2,438.75 7,977.60 4,061.48 25,348.25 3,642.20 1,215.00 4,987.00 5,950.00
840.00 2,270.63
540.00 250.00

i

PP
3,604.77 $ 1,750.00 1,265.75
75.00 148.71 127.15 54.00 356.00 5,472.00 175.00 2,222
150.00 5,587.27 3,000.00
100.00 2,968.90
400.28 2,602.73
855 .82

175.00$ 776.101... .11

25.00

79.44
200.00 141.44 40.67 36 .00

176.71 40.00 "659".76

S 266.40 500.00 1,323.17

"""257.43
433 .37 358.15 880.82 553.95 178.49

216.58 50.00

2,964.00 1,048.46 18,680.11
75.00 1,858.05 10,338.29
200.00 8,285.25
793.11 394.50 10,532.76
1,377.05 2,535.85
717.28 1,175.00 6,632.64
566 .50 2.278.27 1,557.26
30.00

225.00 6.00

58.7 2 4,409.72
164.14

40 .00 710.50 40.00
723 .37 480.59 16,941.29
1,296.55 240 .00 146.25
3,305.95 2,479.50
82.34 4,917.78
71.50 205.00 689.47

448 .00
,380.00 49.00

3.46
3,127.57 1,019.34 1,388.10
325 .00
306 .90 981.72 454.24 180.00
464.41 512.50 339 .30 100.13

100.00
325.14 48.75 65.00

550.00 74.20
1.103.08 100.00
4,502.58 837.17
85,344.27 340 .79
14.614 1,795.00 9,652.79
550.05 3,707.98 2.683.97 67,821.64 3.735 2,510.00 7,088.97
~""690"i3 1,537.90 969.64 811.49 264.18 1

k
c

"E

js aj a.

c

H
71.00 i 69.20 147.54
" 2[672".89

18.75

1,050.00 T 982 ".40

73.25 "5;009".70 340.75

178.70 67.00 85.00

1,380.00 """450.O0

493 .09 292.32

1,047.33 886.33

89.00 398 .00

1,082.45
14,968.93 430.75
6,140.45 795 .00
3,270.10 3,981.80

5,444.74 2,024.57

3,226.25 7,350.00
44.90
139.00

118.54 18.00

=3 O
Q 'a

a
OJ
a

1,165 444
1,209
37 585
958.33
3,237 1,130
430 1,374.34

$ 32,230.83 12,535.10 38,766.38 5,815.00 6,776.70 25,329.81 7,297.75
6,981.25 2,141.00 43,780.72 3,371.11 24,707.52 34,621.50 26,436.58 23,149.93 57,308.81

123".70 1,031.39
2,130.25
1,607.61
65.81 4,303.69
121.59 1,662.87
1,109.71 935 .07 221 .66
4,832.37 438.06
1,700.00 138 .98 680.00

37^045.11 19,394.82
1,920.36 520.32
628 .72 40,412.97
1,034.14 765.69 38.02
26,290.61 3,756.20 2,105.00 12,338.85 4,950.00
965.69 23,968.46 14,520.07 504,634.62
21,451.98 69,981.85 9,285.00 40,360.97 30,288.21 69,593.04
30,633.47 161,285.38 36,549.47
17,303.72
47,352.60 25,278.00
4,809.13 21,769.22 12,598.13!
7,202.76 4,202.96

$ 8,000.00
10,000.00

2 632.00$ 15,000 00

7,775.00

833 .50 18,863.32 2,500.00 2,981.12

7,623.20

3,300.00

35,000.00

3,430.00 .7,818.57
10,510.50

2,265.45

8.000.00 15,000.00

525.00 600.00 83.92 777.65 521.40

103 .30 4,500.00

34,500.00
17,000.00 75,000.00

15,200.00 17,660.00
2,600.00 75,728.70

25,000.00 17,000.00'
7.500.00
4,000.00i.

1,105 .25 8,000.00 1,100.72
2,167.70

it
I
t- o.--
V- sew
I

4IS^

CandW

Metter

Carroll

---

Carrollton

Catoosa

Charlton

Chatham

--

Chattahoochee

Chattooaa

Menlo

Trion.

-

Cherokep

Ball Groind

Canton Holly Rprinffs

New Bethel

Payfip---

--

Woodstock

Clarke

--

Athens

Clay.. Bluffton

Ft. Gaines

Clayton

Bethel

Ellenwood

{ Fairview

Flat Rock

Forest Park

Hebron.

Howards

-

2,070.14
2.489,99 3,777.50 1,190.00 1.274.00 12,956.95
990.44 1,558 .On
10.00
1,592.04
1,900.00
2,163.07 4,150.00
753.20
2,212.83
6.61 36.50

28.019,67
9,978.68 58,878.99 21,383.86 14,175.00 19,720,00
251,514.00 6,225.70 33,812.36 3.715.00
10,906.25 27,239.10
3,920.00
13,512.00 1,500.00 900.00 600.00 3,375.00
20,967.14
89,055.63 6,305.00 3,397.50 7.325.00 1,182.42 371.92
900.00 455.00 1,006.50
2,280.00 397.52
472.56

3.827,27 40.74
4,415.90 1,200.00
600.00 410,00 79,144.18 2,224.20 2,715.00 370.00 535.00 408.00
" 750.00
300.00 5,088.80 18,782.25 1,565.00
420.00 800.00 2,667.68
1.57

1.177,56
16,746.33 288.28
16,100.00 2,010.00 11,529.67
51.80 625.00 385.60 2,995.03 1,546.39
1,400.00 2,500.00
578
83 .04 3,558.83
400.00 45.00

139.25 268 .25 40.00
41.00 45.00 1,476.59
100 .00
47.75

9.80 9.20
117.07 7.92

1,419.05 3,039.90
70.58 800 .CO 1,240.00 984.00
31.15
521.64 1,210.08
158.90 899.33
127 .10 10.00
14.90 60.00

506.00 "5.00 767 .28
67 .05

813.59 1.614,61 12.147,96
4,572.75 2,952.00
388.00 447,835.23
119.00 1,269.51 1,295.12 2,211.72

27.42 199.75 200.00 120.00 21,781.33
36.37

'"V.'au'.ii
3,149.45 300.00 47.00 17.80
990.77 699.42 24,015.85 6,772.57
172.13 235.25 695.20
4.49 51.16
88.51 50.67 861.40 25.62
68 .09 _

102.75
15.95 111.44

3,311.18 209.60 300.00
1,600.00 2,809.81
67.85 200.00
30 .CO
442 .50 2,245.20
473 .45
1.50

910.51 17.75
1,809.05
430.00 300.00 12,378.76
346 67 66.41
"i;252".98
52. 553 .36 524.7
60.50
379.82

42,222.64
11,920.03 99,977.47 31,533.97 36,747.00 26,942,00
843,177.80 9,710.14
40,526.60 5,842.13 17,206.01 33,278.59 5,531.35 20,914.20 4,300.00 947.00 623 .58 4,840.62 29,656.12
141,082.30 18,565.74
4,568.58 8,355.25
7 265.05 386 .41 951.16
561.49 1.117.77 3.319.97
431.06 540.65 6,405.00

61,500.00 40,000.00 91,000.00 121,000.00 24,000.00
18,000.00 55,500.00
2.600.00
848,000.00

16.959,01 10,000.00 3,600.00

3,500.00

39,000.00

800.00 26,653.00

,2C0.C0

125.00
543.38 2,500.00 1,342.22

Jonesboro Lovejoy Morrow Mt. Zion.-----Mountain View. Noah's Ark
Philadelphia Pine Grove Piea'iant Grove.

9.65 4.4(1

6,405.00 1,115.00 1,147.50
715.00 1,125.00
376 .95 600.00 887.00 465.00

10.63 7.01

24.92
"75".03
10.80 10.85

236.65 66.45
15.93 33.50 45.40 67.85 50.12
9.90

49.01

1,400.06 1,238.87
751.21 1,263.53
422.35 678.65 952.37 509.41 960.00

Riverdale. -

Rex

---

Tanner?

Clinch.. > Cobb
Acworth Aust!l Marietta

ROSWPII
CoffeBro^ton

Dowlas \irhnlls , .

Cokjuitt Doerun Moultrie

Columbia

10.45 2,264.99 2,020.70
2,760.00 2,692.33
75 .00 3,414.39
1,098.96

960.00
896.38 630.00
14,420.61 75,251.81 5,990.00
4,010.00
27,000.00 6;654.84 17,653.44
4,692.88 14,406.50 4,285.00
52,276.24
6,732.50 33,298.10 19,478.50

2,285.1 6,588.75
900.00
248.50 3,660.00
405.00
2,988.75 315 .50
2,937.72 300.00
3,120.88 448.13 4.620.00 3,535.751

10.70 6,523.41 4,900.00
354.41 75.88
500.00
291.96
1,735.21 350.00
13,016.56 48.98 306 .40
5.690.09

25.00 250.00

6.90 625.42 679.64 1,308.34
250.00 733.01
198.58 90.00 ,509.91 57.50 445.52 323.01

13.84

"~ii7".52 18.00
9,716.44 275.00
1,490.98 811.30
10,950.00 2,108 51 46,202.82
738.36 2,476 19
464.00 2,375.18
542 .44 4,031.76 27,814.56

53.05 250 00
38.50

473 .50 2,129.10

17.00 Ti28".64
25.85 ...
1J25".70

349 .37
""io'.oo
4 802.77
9.04 2,028.92
585.00 127.45 51 00 6,300.00
8.00
"i.567.63

1,013.90
676.05 35,658.85 89,715.20
10,096.78 5,150.48 45,947.77
9,427.39 74,758.83
6,331.74 21,881.65 5.632.00 90,391.80
7,877.24
46,266.78 60,573.60

4,400.00 '.0,000.00
89,000.00 248^566".60

3,588.90
TMO'.OO
9,500.00
28,434.60 1,487 72
500 00 8,179.55
860.00
~~22,m~.$7

4,000.00

JLr

c

Cook Sparks. *
V-

p

f' j

1214 School District. 1222 School District. 1038 School District. 1037 School District960Scnool District..

Mt. Pleasant Pine Hill Twin Lakes _West Eainbndge
Lilly

1,848.82 60.00 80.00
2,316.14
1,592.02 2,920.59 2,750.00
926.90
22.04
"~842~78 4,921.53 67.00 2,900.00 14.00
54.32
32.78
10.00 118.32 3,358.00 3,000.00
2,897.00 2,800.00 2,598.41
2,334.00 1,140.38

20,410.45 8,550.00 2,447.50
42,723.42 36,000 .(XI 5,108.85 20,465.51 23,943.00
26,630.81 13,512.49
690.00 905.00 2,443.61 960.75 4,680.00 7,264.40 3,580.00 850.00 4,921.94 17,688.03
2,137.50 2,440.40 5.510.00 5.463.75 1,667.62
4,603.25 3,465.50 7,722.82 1,508.50
1.063 .75 4,120.25 1,384.00 1,972.50 3,937.50 66,494.00 44,650.25 3,880.00 7,655.00 36,274.89 13,867.50 25,308.20 2,880.00 4,625.00 5,625.00 10,620.24 6,537.75 57,061.54 17,863.00 1,235.00 11,605.00 1,890.00

Blakely

910.00
2,358.15 34,885.63 13,529.00

53.00

170.00

Liberty Hill

45.00

Clyo Marlow

13.44 1,527.19 1,679.98

51.00 23.00 7,992.00 9,854.00 2,805.00 1,440.00 820.00 1,640.00 5,990.00 2,060.00

1,608.75 4,482.09
180.00 6,380.93 4,050.00
371.67 2,672.00 2,179.25 1,102.75
212.00
172.00
5,871.00
4,233.66
5,140.00 3,100.00
200.00 44.29 4,386.50 1,215.00 6,177.76 320.00 67.50 540.00 1,465.00 6,246.50 12,000.00 3,615.33 1,170.00

510.00

240.00

2,847.50 250.00
229.50 57.50
722.58 1,200.00
169.23 252.97 110.46 179.59
2.25 25.00 76.00 21,022.35

100.00 50.09 52 .00 274.50
200.00

23,885.98 50,118.50 12,000.00

18.25

52.34

1,270.65

560.32

9.50

5,785.60

3.95
24,179.00 81,899.47 13,806.15

8,969.04 3,445.72
170.89
302 .42 250.00 253.93 348.71 1,914.51 3,759.04
40.00 714.00 156.00

346 .40
24.50 25.00 113.93 77.50
173.40
110.00

7;260".66 " 500.00 44.64 230.00
110.25
30.00
20.00 10.00 512.20 3,434.75 880.74
360.00

~384~89 62.50 50.00 890.85 33.00
1,200.25
317.64
2,884.50 406.72 17.90 127.55 23.75
86.61
706.15

380.97 104.00 1,500.00
239.82 568 .01 650.48
50.00 19.25
916.00 946.34 7,000.00
228.75 720.70
262.65 1,588.00 1,747.50
52.00 517.94 1,453.61
302.89 543.15 207 .52 1,172.42 611.03
22.00 400.00
43.50 120.66 388.85 50.00 284.20
12.50
113.48 89.39 1,611.10 28.38 1,257.60 150.00
478.11 12.00

150.00
500.00 100.80

29,474.29
150.00 3,673.08 4,040.00
494.57 25,359.67
260.00 3,212.85
566.25 1.80
50.00 84.00 31.90 295 .27 82.50 6,001.76 11.06 3,412.17 11,210.59
2.40 111.00 63.21 244.68 47.73 1,098.02 689.80 112.74
25.00

252 .50
5.00 190.53 40.00

2,189.80 659.12
181.25 283.02 82,887.00 36,475.10 990.05 634.20
100,867.70 1,142.92
957.29 30.00 421.05 500.00 1,547.26 5,584.27 3,510.16 2,955.00 13.20 4,120.50 295 .40

43.00 22,042.34
3,483.34
182.00 404.77 49.27 498.66 25.00 23.50 272.26 2,649.80
27.05 7,202.92

317.81

16.15 102.44 492.10
2.00

760.00 74.92
381.75
183.00
561.25 198.40 50.00 96.80 620.00 126 .00 240.00

3,874.35
3,929.31
441.00 97.80
5,444.54 510.59 183.45 43.40
1,710.00 540.00
1,845.46 799.82 91.30
736.72 122.50 1,172.34 2,467.00
7,484.13 3,984.15
3,843.40 640.00
3,626.30 216.00
1,836.73 41.50 255.00
1,999.16 385.00
383.04

1,137.74 492.96
1,173.59
8.44 69.83
216.06 639 .82 36.43 134.58 20.97 472.08
10.70 1,500.00
451.13 14.40
218.46 1.65
3,221.58
1.528.08 3,137.00 1.304.09
7,573.81 928 .36
1,089.53 245.12 390.29
2,166.00

54,480.05 14,856.02 2,807.50 68,638.01 46,700.00 6,329.90 54,195.83 30,593.43
35.689.08 15,781.20
944.77 1,115.46 2,920.49
994.90
5,441.27 8,579.54
48,597.00 861.05
33,780.45 105,967.70
2,378.32 2,613.05
7,755.29 6,355.09 1,726.05
10,317.38 5,406.25 11,543.86 2,072.01 1,074.90 10,252.33 8,675.44
2,286.26 7,306.16 189,250.00 186,799.31 5,170.05 8,385.49 168,453.07 23,533.88 41,578.57 3,230.00 5,943.36 6,990.00
15,645.31 26,268.78 75,903.75 31,858.00
1,310.20 20,451.50 2,384.90

1,721.73 60.89
10.95 319.12 423.35

1,073.00
72,910.89 17,635.73
542.64 3,869.55
94.77 1,850.66
438.48 460.53 272.26 7,227.35 508.59 19,570.49 17,162.13 4.027.30 1,590.00
621.76 1,742.44 8r409.40 2,074.00

49,000.66 6,000.00 10,000.00
35,000.00 10,000.00 35,000.00 20,000.00 25,000.00 15,000.00 5,000.00 3,500.00 20,000.00
4,000.00 25,000.00 40,000.00 274,000.00 20,000.00 30,000.00 40,000.00
30,000.00
37,000.00
2,500.00 7,000.00
19,500.00
10,000.00 7,000.00

3,800.00 4,400.00
5,000.00

1,200.00 5,000.00

5,649.98 21,000.00

318.49

751.50
14,413.24 74,402.54 650.00

5,495.53 9,800.00

3,000.00

5,897.66 1,587.52
25.00 300.00
300.00

9,000.00
1,509.20 450.00

2,000.00 4,819.00
60.00 30.00

Zi '-



6

.~ o

Z
Uoo

sj

.
a&t ^3 .

CO IvS

,3

d

si

O

02

'aa
&

i
1

q3

SI a

'5

M

a

ah

'.3

o&S

- '

SR - ior

e
c~
"5 wC"

J

aci.

'% a. - a;

'3

3g..f3cWX

w

5 1 ct
% - a; a3 H

aoi
ao q

q o3 X
'5
ce
3

1o

-6

W.

53 ,

0a >
I
"33

i
q a
m

1=
1
C
qa

2j

O3 M

o

-15

Guytun

6,605.00

671.00

1,871.73

46.43

9,194.11

12,000.00

2,105.00

334.00

46 .05

16.06

116.00

150.00

2,767.12

348.25

Stillwell

60.00

60.00

525 .00

25.45

_550.45

2,000.00

18.00

577.95

61.21

64.75

2,731.91

1,588.00

Elbort..

2,692.30

7,295.60

4 461.14

1,122.54

532 .25

91.89

624.14

1,538.00

577.00

191.74

2,306.74

624.00

2.35

626.35

1,413.50

356.75

142.30

82.53

1,995.08

600.00

18.34

618.34

1,172.50

185.00

119.76

1,477.26

Elberton

180.00 23,097.77

3,365.00

897.58

284.50 1,275.25 176.00 6,121 .89

596.75

35.994.74

First Consolidated-

606.72

1,375.00 740.00

503 .50 236 .25

432.91 37.92

2,918.13 1,014.17

259.37

50.40

309.77

680.00

225.00

378.76

1,283.76

66.41

66.41

995 .00

325 .00

157.51

1,477.51

C3

425.00 797.41

30.29 200.00

39.82

455.29 1,037.23

Locust Tree

42,03

564.75 435.00

304.00 108.00

105.78 44.20

916.56 587.20

1,015.(0

407 .50

149 .20

1,571.24

984.80

4.74

989.54

1,180.00

217.00

41.00

1,438.00

Oglesby

200.71

418.75 1,592.20

206 .50

478.49 66.17

1,304.45 1,658.37

478 .48

140.00

132.35

"50.83

EroanueL. Evans
Belle villp Claxton
u ;;.

-. 3,158.03 1,586.80 18.12 70.00

74,008.00 5,078.95 2,495.00 10,416.25
2,345.00 1,668.75
725.00

12,355.80 1,644.95

11,983.90 255.00
12.0(1 5.00

793 .38 200.00

55. Z0

1,110.14 764.83

:*;::::::

56 .05

18,781.01 1,500.00
519.32 4,406.50
334 .78 79.65 4.00

91.01

4,998.90
1,051 .7(1 171.74

362.19 952 .33
2,706.08 735 .00

113,743.93 12,899.12
15,243.28 18,963.97 4,179.61
1.816.45 734 .00

40,000.00
12,000.00 45.000.00 12,000.00

200.00 195.00

4,466.42 685 .00
4,188.00

Fannin

1,573.00 $

25,090.50 3,471.00 5,680.00

195.00

760.00 38.40 35.00

162.10 80.00

1,189 .00 2,846.67
597.08

850.00 251 .92

29,462.50 6,713.17 6,644.00

3,500.00

5,720.45 150.00

4,676.00 500 .00
3,149.00

Fayette.. Floyd
Forayth

2,468.46 3,044.24
2,643.00 937.22

461.00 27,678.48 57,918.50 48,910.60
17,451.19 5,770.00

1,792.64 3,968.25 6,195.00
29.12

491.83 4,397.25 1,928.05
1,200.00

29.00 189.51

49.91

' 392.75 50.00 1,757.42

1,499.62

9,365.01

900.65 ""129.66 6,553.74

628 .43

200.00

' 2,944.26

227.94
350 .00 1,305.09

2,690.04 6,054.62

i,086.21 1,700.34
619.50

510.91 38,664.77 88,297.83 68,754.64
19,685.46 10,114.26

36,000.00 100,000.00 28,000.00

564.16 5,072.58 7,378.32
5,590.01 200.00 2.6O0.O0

Itley

43.04

323.65

420.00

1.05

366 .69

1.30

422 .35

Franklin
Lavonia
Fulton Atlanta ^ College Park East Point

1,996.55
25.00
5,198.00 18,115.75 2,720.00 2,610.00

245.00 787.50 27,894.25 3,145.00 14,450.00
8,945.00 138,315.41
1,437,015.26 17,311.68 30,843.06

102.50

2,744.94 175.00
720 .00 817.00
16,742.46 205,259.32
1,477.32 2,500.00

713 10 100.00
700.87 52.00 12.768.30
2,063,041.88 427.75
76,000.00

233.50
895,834.96 3,750.00

290.39

13.21

215.00
11,663.67 48,634.65
1,015.46 3,250.00

354.61 35.00 2,274.04
1,250.00 134,212.02
6,947.81 284,973.38 2,939.98
250.00 4,357.52

190.50 172.00
40,446.18
602.95

27 .72

410.36
7,056.07 2,525.00
113.13

360.71 1,077.89 34,054.18
4,190.97 18,843.91 11,236.00 325,983.65
5,002,794.19 26,000.32 124,163.53

8,000.00 29.000.00 5,000.00
4,074,000.00
97,000.00

1,600 00
124,000.00 500.00

758 .73

Gilmer

EJlijay Glascock

Glynn

Gordon Sugar Valley

Grarly Cairo

Calvary

Central Chason

Elpino Fairview

Whigham

Pine Park

Greene....

Fairview

Greensboro

Greshamville

Liberty Meadow Creek

Union Point

Veazey White Plains

Woodville

Gwinnett. Buford...

Lawreneeville

Habersham

Alto

Baldwin. Clarkesville

Demorest

Cornelia -

~5

Habersham Mills

Mt. Airy

Hall Gainesville

Hancock

Sparta

Haralson

Bremen

Buchanan

Tallapoosa

Waco

Harris

Chipley

Hamilton

Hart Bowersville

Hart well

Heard. Henry

Houston

Byron Ft. Valley

Perry

Irwin

Ocilla.

Jackson Commerce

Jasper

Jeff Davis

Hazlehurst

Jefferson

Jenkins

Johnson

Jones

Lamar

Barnesvilie

Lanier

1,295.00 17.763.60

6,636.19

740 .45 9,833.95

5,452.40 53,971.88 2,048.56 43,218.12
415.00

2,544.31 37,314.00 2,862.68 12,661.07
2,220.00

1,380.00

875.00

1,615.00

1,320.00

5,845.75

475.00

2,260.12 11,862.60 945.00

11,779.92

1,251.00

1,870.00

970.00

4,883.55

980.00

3,093.36

2,500.00

2,655.00 48,396.95 14,418.35

12,781.75

1,780.66 18,218.22

2,240.00

1,400.00

2,170.00

3,600.00

10,043.88

2,538.75

1,878.99

3,184.14 64,331.24

2,700.00 27,516.59 2,294.33 17,422.00

7,549.98

J .00 18,573.00 3,881.74

6,770.00

15,048..: 2,310.00

23,545.34

5,706.64

2,855.00

2,577.05 32,836.48 3,259.46

3,633.50 1,411.00 2,611.79 2,765.60

14,088.82 20,450.00 41,191.50 20,200.75

1,681.76
3,491 120.00
1,534.00 1,253.71
2,404.44 3,273.28 1,576.' 1,844.68 1,676.90
1,731.25

24,600.00 9,130.00 14,303.85 9,916.12 33,971.04 15,643.92 29,580.87 12,465.00 8,225.00 57,628.00 28,237.83 36,663.85 23,703.26 11,667.75 15,305.00 13,112.50

112.50
1,432.50 13,624.23
844 .50
6,190.00 1,830.00
980 .00 180.00 5,848.25
945.00
370.00
~~"i66~66
^3ii".i7 1,530.00
450.00 705.00
280.00
"550.66
50.06 2,028.75 4,472.50 6,199.14
702.00 1,480.00
400.00
T666~.6o
345.00 8,785.37
300.00 175.83 3,060.86
1,710.00 2,669.00 7,383.75 7,130.22
2,242.50 1,317.50 5,584.31
855.00 7,539.86 1,402.00
862.50 10,150.00 2,755.20 3,748.23 5,765.00 2,149.25
900.00 1,555.00

334.21 15,035.84
110.32 111,982.01
2,852.89
1,055.00 829.75
5.35 61.50 123.40 64 .83
140.00 26.80 385.00
9.25 312.87 136.71 393.94 367.00
25.00
5,017.62 34,000.00
3,885.53 50.00 50.00
75".61 150.55
,523.65 207 .55 337.97 993.87 560.00
149.
35.10 725.43
443 .50 14.2!
1,094.03 2,560.72
21.50 358.00 150.00 1,,183 729 .23
42.1 11,756.41
45.02
12,175.50 5,819.16 3,417.78
480.22 601.45 1,224.68
278.96

1,819.90 1,055.00
137.15
22.32
70.00 509.35
4,915.27 45.00
1,466.35 575.00 ~~25~. 04

228.50 553 .70 819.14 993 .04 3,500.00 3,000.00
60.00
"eoo'.oo
17.10 132.82
760 .31 530.00 125.00
175.00 1,000.00
26.22 700.84 400.00 240.79 491.00
664.88
107.00 24.15 252 .39 175.00
712.33 214.00 650.00 181 .73
4,223.70 19.40
1,290.48 2,000.00
950.00 6.00
593 .34 292.34

486.18 661.92
12.67
169.35 11.56 1.00 25.43
150.00 9.51
300.00 250.00 483.01

2,226 644.
5,003. 15,761 18,086
42 1,372 6,526
129 14 26
399 234 4,760
12 1,084
251 1,485
611.22
"" "676.00 158.66
50,423.40 773.60
2,008.51
~~"250".66 192 .50 547.39 325.17 858.14 265.39 56.00
1,080.00 4,093.00 6,455.53
833 .26 887.00 116.25 2,518.27 2,219.97 196.00 2,354.03 1,813.23 219.68 3,971.94 402 .83 3,055.94
15,116.75 47,051.38
1,512.21 4,227.00
815.00 47,979.67
897.37 794 .04 6,260.0! 11,192.42 10,980.56 1,005.37 10,565.00 35,513.61 6,753.81 4,855.74 9,759.29 1,248.00 7,304.29

1,410.00 2,635.40
9.00 209 .27
8.00 748.69
119.09
16.66 118.60 118.65 401.05 418.46
70.00 525.00 192.49 100.00
55.:

348.00 3,747.20
63 .00 163.00 158 .00
392 .50
4,804.42
3,817.50 1,248.02 6,446.87 10,170.75 1,122.59 "~925".o0 1,407.43
583 .75 12,250.00 1,343.22
862.00 2,829.67 5^764

22,518.34
22,870.03 17,525.99 207,178.21 1,901.07 69,944.51
457.08 5~827.21 59,699.63
32,062.05 2,349.09 1,499.55
963 .40 2,137.56 1,629.64 10,986.74
667.05 ,682.52 23,000.49
1,223.32 15,400.90
1,277.35 2,484 1,264.71 6,258.71 1,347.00 320.00 4,429.36 2,658.66 2^655.15 112,944.67 22,669.23 49,804.14
736.47 25,843.38 2,540.00
1,642 .50 4,159.1 4,000.78 11,798.57 3,084.14
2,011.27 1,855.58 82,112.55
39,694.34
729 .30 39,028.83 357 .58 10,436.69 1,132.50 24,802.50
4,397.99 9,438.16 20,668.54
284.76 3,17! 334 .33 57,756.67
7,819.87 3,250.51 819.: 42,758.56 52.00 3,752.66 30.62 22,890.36 24,705.00 2,523.50 76,368.19 1,611.41 96,406.10 312.61 2,558.65 1,600.00 31,000.00 10,745.00 451.62 69,164.34 13,134.02 1,092.01 46,019.51 39 .455 .15 879.41 54,092.73 514.44 39,470.50 240.00 24,877 2,078.00 103,194.60 1,864.22 76,411.14 2,230.00 53,583.93 1,179.87 38,267.38 652 .31 29,959.85 17,553.00 495.05 30,954.06

15,000.00 10,000.00 63,500.00

3,469.00
"^695.93
"oiooo'.oo
20.000 .00 3,600.00 1,000.00

4,000.00 4,000.00
15,000.00
6,400.00 15.000.00 35,000.00

1,050.00 5,921 .00
300.00
73.10 "200.66
14,000.00
7,021.13

14,000.00

13,997.39

15,000.00 5,000.00
5,000.00 96,000.00
17,075.00
18,000.00 78,500.00 12,000.00 100,000.00 20,000.00

1,748.00 1,094.00 3,594.84

509.50

166.17

1,687.65

2,500.00

300.00

~35~688~59

21,745.50 21.407.33

50.00

550.00

4,000.00 10,000.00
1,559.81

6,782.05 2,500.00 25,143.18 3,500.00 2,000.00 16,612.82

2,300.00 6,072.38

14,424.75

1
I
Laureiia Cadwell Dublin Rentz
Lee. Liberty Lincoln
Macon Cut Off Garden Valley Ideal Montezuma Oglethorpe
Meriwether
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25

2,559.71 77,740.13 8,950.32

1,200.00

2,475.00

3,675.00 36,395.00 3,560.00

24.00 2,286.00

2,315.29 15,896.75 5,198.15

1,395.67 10,899.00 4,139.12

_.

993.68 11,207.50 4.282.55

5,117.40

50.00

1,165.50 4,281.25 1,194.75

3,978.33

325.00

1,926.00 25,383.75 5,938.50

4,070.00

4,000.00 44,218.95 7,840.00

837.15 11,795.25

595.00

1,841.00 18,518.00 5,065.00

6.00

330.00

3,655.00

557 .50

11,460.00 1,131.50

350.00

840.00

2,215.45 10,313.75 4,324.54

1,861.00 5,625.00 3,703.46

817.50

150.00

1,345.00

531.50

17.00 1,354.65

270.00

3,455.00

430.00

7,319.97 1,260.00

2,837.50 10,210.00 1,780.00

76.60 3,778.75

525.00

992.50

150.00

2,319.59 44,218.57 2,612.00

1,502.21 13,453.49 2,500.00

6,215.00

755.00

2,570.05 6,332.47 2,616.76

617.50

202.50

1,875.80

270.00

40.00 3,850.00

480.00

17,770.54 1,784.50

71.00 1,067.50

287.50

4,679.77

475.87

5,208.35

675 .25

27.27 1,125.25

222.50

1,234.63

212.50

1,632.50

362.90

3,815.00

360.00

866.45

213.75

1,274.00

340.00

18.76 1,259.50

162.00

2,105.00

400.00

8,310.00

720.00

1,271.25

111.75

1,928.06 22,017.40 2,807.50

1,021.50 12,777.04

450.00

5,551.33

3,072.58 43,702.45 6,346.75

120.00 11,003.66 1,125.00

15,628.99 2,619.50

i i
(3
I a
&a
'3
1,705.25 100.00
175.00
85.29 165.00 39.16 622.68
913.06 96.89
4,392.89 914.11 285.00
250.58
34.50
59.85 11.00 6.55
6.00
328.00 87.60 55.09 6.10
2.380.00 88.24
1,411.00
11.90 600.00 38 .39 156.14 25.00
83.21 423 .80
11.55
52.48 9.72
112.00 23.14
25.70 17.52 1,308.15 165.07 43.25 903 .57
16.18

Pa
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150.00 23.00 3.70
2,069.80
96.00
133.00 10.17
297.37
5.57 110.30
8.40
1,100.00

f'JA
a S '32*
2,276.95 100.00
19.50 546.15
26.86 722.18
14.25 1,006.75
140.35 64.75 200.00
1,045.27
640.17
160.00 284.19 167.75 1,100.00
75.00 41.35 302.20 75.00 77.36 72.00 17.82
37.06 13.50 13.18 146.11 701.90 680.36 54.20

d
&
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0, '3 DH
93.00 11.75
136.21 10.00
500.00
27.00 29.31
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3,476.7

3,042.3 1,359.6

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! 17,953.9 1 160.7 28,748.2 3 9,244.1 5
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149.9 9

7,311.3 1 16.3 3

23,647.5 5

13.989 .9 1

69.5 3

71.8 7

31.5 D

420.0 0

2,984.0 9

9,312.1 D

) 402.8 D
50.2

3,365.9 3

18,239.2 6

4,808.4 i

432.0 D

59.9 75.9

3)

538.7 2

4,899.3 6

60.0 D

160.0 D

532.7 1

103.2 7

28.9 D

146.8 3

189.9 8

22.0 0

68.1 5

25.2 4

637.6 4 67.3 7
742.7 7 580.4 4
2,572.0 8 1,453.0 7 4,030.0 0
1,181.9 3

2%

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10,547.20

610.00
312.15
185.25 43.88 15.00
_

6,437.18 3,109.43 1,280.02
1,087.10 431.00
5,492.86
750.00 230.00 730.00 195.00

289.40
375.00 141.03

4,093.20 1,008.00
100.00 210.00
5,360.00

314.40 1.05

580.45 2,685.78
320.29

13.33
68.97 37.76

20.00

8.41 62.00 81.30
_ 30.00

2,134.25

321.15 4,377.20

*4

5 ea 1 1c
2,452.22
360.00 1,993.28
591.23 578.12 260.46 4,597.45 1,240.04 289.75 431.00
492.80
1,607.91 1,097.41
74.00
710.38 1,778.74
381.57 52.57
2,870.00
399.69 39.95
1 ,065.80

i
H
125,217.47 1,475.00 2,650.22
47,844.48 2,789.50
90,895.73 24,438.35 21,777.79
7,872.05 8,003.31 4,859.99 63,212.36 4,327.62 92,971.77 23,784.07 27,565.00
566.00 4,805.57
752 .50
21,571.45 366.30 840.00
47,691.83
27.295.7S 1,043.55 2,048.37 1,889.15 4,305.00 12,660.97
30,251.90 5,005.99 1,198.80
57,286.89 40,247.72 14,182.78 12,324.14
892.88 2,895.80
4,988.46 24,912.74
1,617.55 5,398.85
7,113.49 1,536.00 1,548.03 2,214.21 4,392.52
1,102.25 1,784.15 1,534.11
2,580.50 12,644.64
1,481.07 31,129.24 15,393.74
8,908.51 63,054.88 16,278.66 19,787.92

i0a
3-g
Xa ) -maoa 56,000.00 102,700.00 5,000.00 136,500.00 17,000.00
125,000.00 100.00
7,000.00
703.00 98,000.00
30,000.00
1,000.00
50.000.00 22,000.00 25,500.00 39,000.00 23,000.00

I-6
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45,370.90

275.00

27,777.43 3,768.26
25.00

2,181.25 2,848.38
48,000.00

21,500.00 54,075.00
1,621.32
700.00

5,550.00

41,000.40 ~ "5^606 "66 69.50

589.00

900.00 4,000.00

28,851.52 3,000.00
170 00 100.00 1,649.00

215.80 2,000.00

468.5C 323.78

3,000.00

_

-L

Monroe

.

Montgomery ,.

Morgan

Madison _

Murray

Casey Springs..

Chatsworth

Cisco

Eton

Ramhurst

Spring Place...

Muscogee

Columbus

Newton

Covington

Oconee

Bishop

Eastville

Farmington

High Shoals

Ida Carithers

Mars Hill

Omer

Pine Grove..

Union Chapel

Watkinsvilie

Oglethopre

Arnoldsville

Bairdstown.

Bethesda

Chapel

Comele..,

Crawford...

Enterprise

CO

Glades-

Maxeys

Meson

Prospect

Rose Hill...

Sandy Cross

Stephens..i

Union.-

Vesta-

Woodstock

Paulding

Pickens

Jasper

Marble City

Nelson

Pierce

Blackshear

Pike

Polk

Benedict

Cedartown

Fish Creek

Lake Creek

Mt. Home..

Rockmart

Pulaski

Hawkinsville

Putnam

Eatonton

Quitman

Rabun

Clayton

Randolph

Richmond

Rockdale...

Conyers

Schley

017.20 687.44 715.05
363.35
"64".50
3T.39
,534.76 .,312.00 :,411.21
1,156.97

36,790.89 20,372.24 25,509.75
6,855.00 10,129.36
975.00 2,815.00
883.65 3,273.29 1,557.89 5,595.00
50,297.00 189,396.70 28,930.46
14,870.00
6,131.75

20.72

l7960~-13 1,250.00 1,710.00 1,100.00
787.50 500.00 455.00

1,721.64 1,469.00
2,199.29 28.00
1,924.59 2,640.09
~3J225".O0
1,982.62 2,670.00 2,302.51 2,200.00
981.57 1,264.1
~2^292~.fl9 15,472.79 1,075.76
1,800.00 1,205.40

3o6~.6o 6,711.25 7,887.50 2,641.41
707 .50 440.00 660.00
598.58 4,670.00
773.00 1,610.00 1,110.00 3,863.00
500.00 510.00 1,375.50 1,525.00 925.00 773.00 720.00 28,239.10 28,523.00 2,984.00 2,925.00 7,712.50 18,160.25 11,019.12 31,987.10 17,535.25 3,026.96 28,327.26 1,284.50 1,275.00 800.00 3,431.7 8,975.0 22,882.00 18,892.74
6,274.16 5,944.30 14,744.50 5,775.00 39,880.54
361,996.15 16,201.63 9,495.00 14,246.24

10,935.00 4,195.98 4,845.63 2,250.00
700.00
5,755.25 24,735.00
6,278.53 1,665.00 3,138.50
5,8775.25
1,947.48 2,000.00
"""6~12".56 1,905.00 675.00 5,127.25 3,154.50 306.00 2,280.00 206.50 180.00 548.25 2,466.37 2,200.00 2,568.50 1,755.00 1,724.75 450 .00 11,442.04 40,385.48 1,892.85 1,125.00 3,278.55

940.161 213.201
20.74 138.10 1,455.50
~9;469".54
"""lo".40 16.80 20.00
4,689.97 3,531 1,875.81
899.91 698 .60
85.65 7.65
151.11 26.94
73.57
9.10
20.00
36.05
"58".55
""875
"25~.6o 40.50
1,300.00 75.00 622.95
10,000.00 62.24 883.13
1,,300.00 887.20 214.54
1, 99.35 5.80 3.00
116.61 1,000.00 1,047.48
500.00 3.75
305.00 1,067.94 1,296.90
925.00 1,054.37 41,222.69
979.76

500.00

40.86

80.50
293.12 534 .00 1,508.28

~"~204".30

882 .87 216.07

82~80 24.00

19.27

28.44 "T.40

59,859.46 8,638.86 329.58 1,111.25 2,244.95
4,880 34
318 121 1,583 8,863 13,381 2,815 1,661 600
588.60 60.26 86.67
209 .63 8.20

20.00 173.05 224.84
2,095.32 667 .57 347.15 70.00
"""168.44 7.70 16~85

2,485.00 15.62
2,647.88
3,213.67
"io'.oo

.,500.76 516.64 305 .56 "523"54 ""18". 71
91.24 768".13 ~513".81

120,028.49
35,659.98 36,527.74
10,620.05 16,709.82
1,509.00 18,656.35
918.05 3,913.45 1,696.21 7,281.73
76,861.39 240,334.71
47,176.45 19,443.95 12,368.90

"""2;i2i".57 1,846.30
1,855.91 1,260.33
997.13 660.71 481.94

167.15 100.00

1,490.04
1,500.00
68 .59 11.00 23.92

90.00
11.94
551.27 6,759.32
3.00

115.35 ..25.13
8.28

10.75
"l8~66 419.41 300.00 50.00
"i9i"io
485.72 65.00
700.00
2,650.59

3.75

1,000.00

6.50

190.78

34.73

250.00

100.00

651.51

8.00

11,506.38 1,925.21

305.38

30.00

175.00 19.50 50.00 78.21
658.40
T.i
75.00 54.84
i5".0O
""^263 2,850.00 75.00 4.00 1,229. 16,996.19 5,749.56 1,425.00 3,024.92 224.20 4,572.36 172.76 148.47 95.68 2,735.17 6,517.04 2,158.00 227 .30 1,400.00 643 .70 236.50 410.44 5,253.43 99,738.86 2,282... 1,602.40 4,601.00

50.00 740.00
21.00 180.00
95.00
100.00 230.00
407 .21 ,571.05 121.00 150.00

47.50
1,547.35 ~1,159". 10
1,995.74 909.00
6,267.69 15,117 "
193.37

881.65
200.00 930.00
25.00
853 .22 419.39
191.83 605.99 .890.62 125.00
661 .90 1,032.81 " "355".84
111.85 277.44 816.05 2,247.97 160.71 800.00 1.528.92

379".82 8.368.44
18,343.78 2,710.00
745.00 463.92 660.00
598.58 4.960.35
817.63 1,680.00 1,388.21 5,495.73
500.00
576.53 1,450.50 1,611.59
935 .75 813.00
778.50 40,494.83 37,831.39
3,184.00 3,551.95 19,745.76 41,356.04 18,632.64 44,459.03 28,216.44 3,771.70
42,474.56 1,669.56 1,621.47 1,012.29 8,549.09
23,617.06 31,410.00 24,457.14 12,354.94 11,417.84 18,520.14
7,210.44 68,625.10 610,943.76 23,216.14
15,002.40 25,105.51

32 .500.00

50,000.00 750.00

3,000.00

29,000.00 150,000.00

1,414.04 """i2i". 77

1,945.00 "3|390"50

30,000.00

685.00

973.15

12,000.00

70.00 2,500.00

2,000.00

6,000.00

40,000.00

155.00 1,885.20
1,200.00 3,353.19

610.00 304 .67

100,000.00

23,000.00 27,000.00

5,385.85 18,923.29

25,000X0
82,000.00 40,000.00 17,250.00 16,000.00

1,090.00
40.28 900.00

800.00 1,700.00

10,000.00 1,800.00

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2,!ll)8.68 49,066.61

10,032.00

586.8(

367 .40 1,003.89 39.90 10,618.12

274.55 4,228.65

747.46 79,874.06

3,258.25

40.4S

564.43

2,590.10

531.89 6,985.75

842.75

369.70

399.42

6.95

1,618.82

125.00

1,645 .(XI

42.00

126.82

61.14

12.00

5.00

702 .50

2,594.46

220.00

11,662.48

1,211.22 26,585.88

177.71

900.00 41.30 24,811.95

100.00

1,400.00 67,907.14

50,000.00

1,500.00 7,500.00

945.25

112.64

181.72

12.70

83.15

1,335.46

650.0(1

63.63

3.6C

15.55

1,031.80

98.29

4,025.0(1

740.70

10.8C

465.00

15.13

160.00

5,416.63

750.00 1,000.00

Lela

525 .0(1

42.00

123.81

11.55

9.00

21.30

1,031.02

150.00

1,322.5(1

67.00

871.05

15.00

2.24

288.96

2,566.75

Ward

1,200 .00

329.00

13.07

200.55

1,762.62

1,991.84 20,383.75

3,245.75

296.3f

1,934.89

10,930.77

1,566.23 40,349.53

10,000.00

3,000.00 49,770.06

4,815.00

1,696.40

118.00 1,520.78

12,739.85

361,00

999 .26 75,020.35

1,299.00 16,445.61

865.50

537 .38

170.00

500.00

3,561.13

25.00

40.00

370.43 23,814.05

Toccoa

:i.236.on 14,000.00

2,200.00

300.00

200.00 1,000.00 500.00 2,675.00

800.00

24,911.00

37,000,00

1,500.00

1,396.72 11,775.50

7,785.42

388 .7( 1,229.53

242.77 42.25 8,309.40

101.53 5,534.24

724 .08 37,530.14

'" 8J5T.75

6,938.32

1,251.00

286.65

64.40

196.50

3,776.82

193 79

92.01 12,799.09

3,500.00

10,695.00

2,360.00

26.40 5,417.01

33.80 664.21

1,193.44

371 .55

20,761.41

3,200.00

1,955.59

1,851.68

13,103 .65

117.80 3,136.74 1,770.25 16.35

137.00

10,190.37 1,492.16 31,816.00

7,242.42



Anderson ville

1,860.00

45.20

360.00

2,265.20

3,540.00 33,523.85

9,240.00

1,158.04

163.82

465 .34 20.20 8,742.44 1,617.34

1,858.69 60,329.82

1,750.00

284.00

2,034.00

2,335.00

76.81

163.44

436.14

3,011.39

o
New Era

925.00 2,650.00

112.75 7.50

165.00 172 .70

112.00 125.00

586.48 1,500.00 913.75

3,401.43 3,868.95

25,000.00

1,750.00

8,051.20

452.44

2,685.33

1,132.05

742.25

13,070.77

60,000.00

2,241.48

8,840.01

385.00

4,987.14

1,160.00

15,372.15

63,000.00

250.00 5,500.00

SMIoh

1,480.00

3.00

330.00

1,813.00

225.00

92.85

3,410.00

100.00

100.00

948.90

950.00

5,601.75

4,500.00

1,842.84

8,209.44

3,465.99

4,282.41

10,371.37 1,456.14 29,628.19

21,824.31

1

1,116.80 15,172.05

3,836.00

292.50

333,00

101.30

8.00

301.99

170.00

961 .72 22,293.36

1i

Tattnall Telfair

2,121.26 1,306.25 3,540.19
1,721.76

32,012.16 25,955.53
39,574.00 4,130.00 21,230.50

3,036.85 4,668.40 3,275.00
720.00 4,862.58

934 .60 106.75

35,517.34

400.00 3,043.43 2,630.00 78,772.04 124,000.00 16,354.75

14,038.57

4,000.00

953.25 51,856.60

7,220.25 2,500.00

47,847.37

343.14

1,858.96 96,438.66

21,000.00 21,500.00

3.50

327.49

93.72

5.75 5,280.46

5,771.88

488.86 6,589.80 1,871.87 42,644.00

17,738.49

Dawson

84.00 15,425.00

2, 700.00

2,565.00

150.00

125.00 65.00 3,424.74

448 .40

24,987.14

Thomas

--_

3,148.74

9,724.50

9,089.00

1,625 .00

570.67 24,157.91

700.00

5.55

93 .70

28.65

807.90

9,979.92

1,075.00

75.98

13.81

4,371.50

77.19

54.79 15,648.19

42.55

5,217.50

100.08

284.67

5,644.80

12,000.00

425 .00

1,890.00

50.00

58.60

1,998.60

420.00

37.45

457.45

415.00

35 .47

15.25

42.00

524 .72

Fredonia

1,080.00

38.00

22.50

1,140.50

875.00

14.75

17.65

907.40

906.00

34.45

940.45

114.59

6,427.50

1,272.02

1,566.43

- 583.04 9,963.58

20,000.00

Metcalfe

(i2.95

3,140.02 6,160.78

5 .00 269.33

33.51

593 .60 88.22

1,904.11 1,937.40

1.080.00 962 .00

6,292.68 9,450.24

25,000.00

300,00

900.00

2,270.12

238.65

430.23

2,939.00

1,300.00

1,517.03

162.00

2,979.03

11,652.07

475.00

983.12

492.62

200.92

470.77

14,274.50

3,669.36

1,270.00

9.30

36.25

1,315.55

Thoniasville

1,200.00 44,235.52

6,807.50

2.80 819.75

13.00

3.20 710.42 679.45

27,287.81

1,232.17

1,206.00 217.56 82,003.18

215,666.66

Z

m

I

Unity-.

Wannleigh

Tift

Tifton

Toombs

__

Lyons

Towns

Treutlen

Troup

.

Hogansville

La Grange

West Point

Turner

Ashburn

Twiggs

Everett. _t Jefferson viUe...

Smith..',

Union

Upson

J. E. Johnston Inst

Thomaston

The Rock

Walker

Chickamauga..

Linwood

Walton

Logans viUe

Monroe

Ware.

Fairfax

Waycross

Warren

Camak

Warren ton

Washington

Deepstep

Davisboro

Harrison

Pringle

RiddJeville

Sandersville...

Tennille

Warthen

Wayne

Webster...

Wheeler

White

Cleveland

Helen

Nacoochee

Robertetown..

Shoal Creek..

Yonah

Union Grove..

Whitfield

Cohutta

Dalton

Wilcox

Abbeville

Pineview

Pitts

Rochelle

Wilkes

Washington..

Wilkinson

Irwinton

Worth

25.25 2,251.29 1,705.00
672 .00 1,435.91 2,143.60 3,450.00 1,729.90
180.00 1,822.60
18.00 2,155.00 1,782.71 1,600.00 2,200.00 2,298.51
1,962.83
2,546.80 3,870.00 2,348 2,400.00 2,066.25
2,500.00 1,800.00 2,512.74
976.60 1,413.33
791
1,450.63 26.67
2,700.00 3,710.29
100.00

740.00
340.00 26,150.41
25,144.28 26,822.44
8,700.00 4,767.25 18,883.07 22,532.67 7,873.88 93,887.00 14,844.76 22,168.95 16,993.33 8,743.26 1,555.00 4,290.00
738.75 12,803.55 21,767.00 2,520.00 11,891.90
2,140.00 55,758.83
8,861.38 2,971.95 46,667.84
4,414.97 14,594.62
26,529.26 775.00
44,783.34
11,222.00 27,,023520.00 19,165.75 3,640.00 3,918.50 3,390.00 1,777.50 2,580.00 11,940.00 7,623.32
2,980.00 34,778.02
13,297.05 20,069.72
6,181.52 3,680.00 1,550.00 1,170.00
590.00 900.00 300.00 300.00
42,243.18 2,965.00 23,610.25 13,777.50 10,431.93

1,432.50 2,017.17
1,700.00
2,184.30

5,334.40 6,190.00 34,484.52 16,045.03 22,176.80 3,410.00 39,726.41

4,249.25
1,620.00 450.00
2,893.62 3,794.73
940.00 7,826.50 2,027.50 1,242.00 1,215.00 2,494.25
308.60 399.00
120.00 ,131.75
1,410.00
2,771.45
5,837.50 99.50
1.842.50 2,169.15
210.00 9,685.00 3,877
11,170.63
3,251.96 1,025.00
5,614.05 2,121.95 2,612.50
630.00
3,077.00 40.00
1,970.50 3,998.40
35.00 6,241.10 2,150.00 5,513.24
3,945.50

1.15 121.25 354.80 1,212.37
20.00 26.70
1,916.62 3,284.30 1,200.00
4 ""
241.02 103 .04
626.30 159.80 83,792.99
200.00 11,200.00
389.18 2,516.33
2.70 2,234.17
110.17
1,414.07 1,926.82
250.00
94.35 42.50 200.00
3,250.00 157.17
1,590.11
375.00
1,580.00 329.15
70.303.00 34,000.00 '16,475.11
1.07 1,482.25
170.75 1,941.59 1,605.07
544.98

7,916.41 474.77 57.65
1,514.55 900.00 . 200.00 25.00 262.20 505.40
3,350.00 200.00 272.40
141.11 50.91 50.00
75.00

76.00 126.56 861.15 250.38
195.56 203 .50 226.90 772.23
57.78 81.40 81.79
912.80 3,660.00
560.04 210.00 394.64 3,690.00 ,011.50
16.19 165.00 377.18 878 .92
620.00 1,712.40
909.56 370.00
1,048.12 185.89 100.25 962.50
2,309.75
29.35 1,068.36 1,338.66
710.00 2,171.75

6.10 218.80
12.70
250.00 50.00 176.86 .9.50
105.65 60.00
65.00

58.64 13.56 43,335.03 4,923.33 47,000.00 435.26 532.87 24,662.42 522.99 1,173.24 18,354.01 4,824.16 661.65 862.41 1,748.16
2,345.10
17,876.37 1,212.00 734.80 3,280.59 1,361.03 13,663.73 1,401.51 317.35 6,158.75 1,882.63 2,584.49 13,877.80
64,701.05 624.45 170.00 956.10
16,495.65
486.33 635.51
1,250.00 1,948.78
45,596.52 1,805.81 2,659 184.90
13,679 123
4,006 5,675 1,366
191 133 2,578 10,777 13,005 2"
1,982.91

138.50

1,039.54 601.37

320,00 1,550.10

134.1

80,206.92

541.50

113.:

32,185.19

_V.044".75

176.!

79,369.18

300.1

9,905.25

5,998.82

928.39 ,167

2,889.56

648

66.69

50,166.90 32,736.02 12,203.43

1,065.42

14,809.80 151,584.47

447.72

40.1.00 23,858.91 435..32 26,300.58

113.44

64..18 19,428.36

51.01 4,476.46

825;

20,553.53 2,048.43

11.57

7,087.67 738.75

704

33,658

385.00 ,960 2,535.00

33,239.26
7,389.80 20,321.75

271

3,932.33

1,163.11

702.00 ,678

167,253 .20 1,162.89

4,049.34

529.55

536.00

564.38 73,916.85 10.16 6,407.26

181.35

20,188.64

75.00 3,020.00

502.24 54,926.58

7.07

994.77

4,571.12

1,443.04 132,561.42

411.88

220.00

306.89 19,147.94

2,585.00

12,180.15

5.40 8,592.60 1,686.76 62,494.18

380.00

4,270.00

4,404.83

4,119

1,820.00

2,780.00

236.00

19,477.96

66.25

15,919.00

2,980.00

569.10 5,187.18 2,347.78 100,373.47

4,341.33

27,777.54

2,377

513 .40 30,712.44

345.00 10,092.91

3,680.00

1,550.00

1,170.00

590.00

1,275.00

300,00

300.00

520.99

674.33 64,514

3,670.56

371.50

583.34 103,760.80

107.51

794.02 63,075.76

4,025.04 1,355.03 36,063.65

1,709.52

1,901.89

1,385.72

8,353.96

1,804.53

12,040.90

364.35

503.60 54,587.92 161.07 34,371.32

3,382.27

250.14 38,304.25

900.00 5,020.00

7,800.86 1,242.00 59,673.71

32,250.00 2,200.00
290,000.00 8,000.00 43,000.00
20,000.00 9,000.00 85,078.00 40,000.00
127,500.00 71,000.00 95,000.00 25,600.00
20,000.00 43,000.00 43,000.00
8,000.00
65,000.00 34,000.00 45,000.00 12,000.00 30,000.00 60,000.00
15,000.00

6,500.00
10,000.00 5,000.00 1,392.11 10,400.00
14,993.73 5,000.00

1,957.16 18,166.12
10,000.00

1,551.00 2,675.00
2,600.00 3,000.00 1,000.00

604..45
5,000.00 328.88
15,591.39

26,000.00 20.00

1,171.86 300.00

24,000.00 23,000.00 10,460.92
1,600.00

6,000.00 2,000.00

1,000.00

600.00 200.00

1,100.00
5,000.00
1,470.14 1,200.00

38,250.00

Totals-

$492,613. 87[S8,900,123 .37 81,300,088 .61 $3,213,229 .27 $988,072.20 $238,458 .02 $20,327.32 3,342,252.86 tll6.836.44 $420,364 .15 $260,604.10 19.291,646.98 116,919,256.00 $1,346,382.48 t467.162.27

1
<

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education
N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.

Vol. 1

Atlanta, April 15,1924

No. 12

CERTIFICATING.
Each mail brings more than a score of letters asking certain questions about teachers' certificates. A large maj ority of these questions clearly indicate that the teacher has not read the new plan nor the explanation thereof in the School Items of March 15th. It appears that some one, without understanding it, has made a statement about it, which statement is absolutely incorrect, and upon this the report goes out as to what the new form of certification means.
Selecting from today's mail, this question is asked: "Will graduates of colleges and normal schools be required to take the examination?" By all means, no. It goes further than the colleges and normal schools and states that a graduate of any approved high school need not take the examination. Indeed the new system is an attempt to avoid examinations as far as possible. Schools and colleges will be inspected as to equipment, teachers, course of study, and work done and upon the result of this inspection they will be approved or disapproved. All certificates from approved schools and colleges will be accepted without question and they will be expected to keep faith'with us and we in turn will keep faith with them.
Again, "Will attendance upon the summer school renew my certificate?" Attendance upon summer school will almost be required either to standardize or provisionalize certificates, or to obtain the necessary hours in education to professionalize a certificate. Approved summer school certificates will be accepted at their full value. For instance, a teacher holds a first grade general elementary under the old form, but has not the high school education to convert this into the new form first grade. She will attend a summer school and her work would be directed towards those high school subjects required tor a first grade certificate. If the summer school certifies that she has done this work and has the equivalent of a high school education her first grade general elementary old form will be automatically converted into first grade new form. Thereafter, in attending summer school, she would emphasize the professional side of it and when she has the equivalent of 18 semester hours in education her certificate becomes professionalized; then, if she has taught for ten years successfully, it becomes automatically a life certificate.
Again, this question arises: "Since high schools have kept no record except for the last few years, how will a teacher who attended high school, say 20 years ago, show this other than by examination?" While it will not be as easy as the present method, it can readily be done. The applicant will show by testimonials of school people or other reliable authorities that she did attend and complete a school that was taught by a competent teacher; that she took the ordinary subj ects that were given in the high school at that time. Now, if she has continued in school work and can show successful teaching and progress, this combined will make the equivalent of a certificate from an approved high school and her frist grade general elementary will be automatically converted into a first grade new form. This could be reinforced by certificates from summer schools that she has attended. I am sure that the Board of Examiners will recognize the difficulties under which such an applicant will be placed and will give her every opportunity to show that she has the equivalent of a high school education. Just here, it is well to say that we do not expect high schools of a few years ago to fill out the complete record as called for in the uniform high school blank. All that is necessary will be to certify on the blank the fact that they did complete the high school course as given at that time and this, reinforced with the fact that they have taught school successfully and made progress will cure any defect in the original certificate.
We are sure that much of the misunderstanding will disappear when the application blanks are in the hands of the teachers and they understand just how these certificates are converted into the new form of certificate.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
You will note that we use the word "certificate" throughout rather than that of "license." To a certain extent this explains the difference in the new form. A certificate certifies to a thing as a fact. It is a mere testimonial, with the State's approval, of the academic and professional training of the teacher. A license is a legal permit and it does not necessarily contain any element of proficiency. The State does not require school authorities to accept teachers holding any certain form of certificate that may be issued. This matter is entirely in the hands of the school authorities. They may prescribe that they will employ no teacher other than one having a high school education and possessing the necessary professional training. In that event they would say that no teacher would be acceptable who has not the equivalent of a professional general elementary certificate for all that this certificate does is to assert the fact that the teacher has the equivalent of a high school education and the equivalent of 18 semester hours in education. A few counties in Georgia have this rule--that they will employ no teacher that does not hold a first grade general elementary license. This, of course, is based on the old form of license. Now, if they do not change this rule they may accept second grade certificates under the new form, for these certificates are identically equivalent to the old first grade certificate, requiring the same examination, the same marks, the same everything,--just a difference in name. If the counties wish to raise their standards they may require their teachers to hold the equivalent of a new form, first grade. In that event, then the teachers must convert their old first grade into the new form by showing the equivalent of a high school education, or else convert their first grade high school certificate into the new form general elementary, which is done without examination.
The question is again asked, "To whom should the applications be sent?" Of course, they may be sent direct to the State Department of Education but we prefer that they be sent through the Superintendent of Schools both county and city. Indeed we urge all superintendents to co-operate with the teachers in making applications, receiving the fees for the same, and transmitting them all together to this Department with their endorsement thereon.
All applicants for teachers' certficates, whether by certification or examination, must fill out the application blank. We urge all superintendents to get all teachers who expect to take the examination on August first to make their applications in advance so that any defects may be corrected. While no teacher will be denied examination, who has not done this, still it would be wonderfully helpful to the teacher.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
TREUTLEN COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 "1910

White 4,887

Colored 2,777

Total 7,664

6-18 Years
2,540

Attending School
1,639

Over 10 Years
855

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

16-20 Years
121

Per Cent 15.9

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

I

1918 1923

White 1,723

Colored 882

Total 2,605

White 17

Colored 13

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Total 30

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$411,344 -Organized since 1918.

$1,269,705

$116,219

RECORD OF TREUTLEN COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, Feb. 1924.

$1,444

SCHOOL
Soperton Gillis Spring Cons. Oriana Orland Rosemont Crooked Run Hutcheson Zaidee Edna Terrace Lothair Mount Hope Page Pine Grove Phillips Willis
Total

n
"3C as to
6,555 4,800 3,100 2,310 1,320 1,050
675 675 315 360 360 360 360 330 315
6+$ 22,885

a
o o Cd
o 55
n n
10 10

a

is
P 03

>>
a! Gj &
W
Go ,
do
55 55

Pi

P aa Is "a3*

42 41 22 21 2 2
... 1 1 1 1 1 ._. 1 ._. 1

6

251 E C B B

6

2 295 D C C C

22

217

DCB

3 1 129 B E A C

100

ED D

131

E DD

75

E CD

60

E DD

24__,,_ D D D

41. E D D

49- E D D

2

26.... C D D

38

EEE

44

E DD

42

CDD

45

45 36 9 39 6 18

2 1,522. D--D+D+

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

Ago Grade Retardation

Grade

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total

460 178 173 194 158 99 92 57 46 39 1ST"

Number Accelerated NumberNormal

122 12 4 9 4 4 4 1 2 3 1 277 73 49 61 54 30 36 30 22 21 7

Number Retarded <7Arrelerated

161 93 120 124 100 65 52 26 22 15 10 5725244248b

^Norrnll

60 41 28 31 34 30 39 53 48 54 39

^EetSded

35 52 70 64 64 66 57 45 48 38 55

SlnlS:::::::::::::::::::::: 7.4 9.1 10.9 n.4 12.8 .4 u.4 14.9 15.4 16.7 18.2

Med. Retardation

0-4 1.1 1.9 1.4 1.8 1.4 1.4 0.9 0.4 0.7 1.2

1,514
bb 660 788
4
44 52

REPORT OF TREUTLEN COUNTY SURVEY BY
M. L. Duggan. Treutlen is one of the new counties, and inherited present school conditions. However, these conditions have been greatly improved upon, and in places the progress equals that accomplished in older
CUntSome instances of consolidation have proven very successful, and will later show teaching results
WhlC\^1neVschooTbuilcUngs erected at these consolidated schools are according to approved plans, and
^^Fmem hSndreddand twenty-two of the seventeen hundred and twenty-three white children of the county are enrolled in the public schools, which shows a good public demand for education.
Thirty^sfx of the frty-five teachers hold first grade certificate , while thirty-nine of then have had "more than two years" experience. This is a fine showing as compared with many other Georgia.counties
The Age-Grade retardation of the pupils is rather serious, going as high as fifty-two per cent. With a continued vigorous administration and further consolidations this per cent will soon show very consider-
aWe "* n^oAhe schools are operated less than six months, and no one-teacher school is allowed to at-
temPVroLhtableSsCpubhIhedit will be seen that generally the teachers remain more than "just one year" at their schools in this county.

Population

TOOMBS COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910
1918 1923

White
10,068 7,793

Colored
3,828 3,411

Total
13,896 11,204

6-18 Years
4,424 3,465

Attending School
3,144 2,045

Over 10 Years
1,146 1,675

16-20 Years
126 252

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

I

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White
3,207 3,350

Colored
1,174 1,376

Total
4,381 4,726

White
56 63

Colored
57 112

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Per Cent 11.8 21.6
Total 113 175

Personal $1,167,140

Land $3,210,791

Corporation $424,362

Polls $2,298

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF TOOMBS COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, Feb. 1924.

SCHOOL
Lyons Vidalia Johnson's Corner Yancy Marvin Ohoopee Parker Union Aimwell Blue Ridge Cedar Crossing Center English Eddy Marietta Normantown UnionHill Bilran Bloomingdale Hughes Chapel Little Creek McLeod Oak Dale Open Creek Mt. Moriah Sharp's Chapel South Thompson.. _ __ WaxHill Williamson Chapel Zaidee

d

>>



A oS

0) too

S*co & 2,

Co

CO

=1

K)

to

55

go
pq

9

8,325 12 11 9 9

9 15,505 16 11 17 17

6

2,940

6 10 7 7

6

1,860

48

6

1,230

6

680

6

170

6

945

6

720

6

720

6

720

6

840

6

840

6

840

6

630

6

690+

6

360

6

360

6

360

6

270

6

360+

6

270

6

360

6

270

6

450

6

270

6

450+

6

360

6

300

15 2 53 4 3 13 21
3 11
2 __ 1 2 __ 2 .. 2 __ 1 1 __ 1 __

3 16 187 B B B B

2 18 486 A B B A
149 E E A c

159___. E D 1)

3

116.... E D 0

3 4 _. 120.__. E D D

36

97-__. E D D

3

103___. E D E

2 2 _. 55.-.. D D D

1

69_... E D D

. 57.... E D E

1

92

E ED

47

EE

117

EDD

2

48

DEE

10

69

C ED

29

ED E

52

ED E

22

EEE

38

ED E

24

CD E

41

E

7 ... 32

E

2 ... 19__

E

2 ... 53

ED E

41

EEE

34

EEE

32

ED E

31

DDD

Total

6+$ 42,865 74 .___ 76 64 12 57 19 43 46 38 2,399.... D D D

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
~~ Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

I II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

589 302 316 325 221 236 173

29 5 10 7 2 7 2

358 147 137 122 74 86 65

202 150 169 196 145 143 106

5

2

3.2

1

3

1

61 48 43 38 34 37 38

34 50 54 60 65 60 61

7.4 8.9 10.2 11.5 13.0 13.4 14.7

0.4 0.9 1.2 1.5 2.0 1.4 1.7

sT~ 61 42 36 32 41 27 54 44 52 51 44 15.0 15.7 1.0 0.7

XI

46 25

3_

32 22

11

3

6.

70

24 12

16.4 17.4_

0.4 0.4.

Total
2,375 71
1,111 1,193
3 47 50

REPORT ON TOOMBS COUNTY SURVEY BY
M. L. Duggan.
Very gratifying progress has been accomplished at a few places in Toombs County, and the increased efficiency of these few schools will in time influence other sections of the county. However, the public school system in this county as a whole has not functioned well.
It is only necessary to call attention to a few significant situations to fully attest the above statement.
Of the 76 teachers in the county more than half are serving their present schools for the first term. Of the 3,350 white children in the county less than 2,400 of them have been enrolled in the schools during the current year, while the average attendance has been discouragingly low. Half of the pupils in the schools are over age for their grades, and fully one-third of those in the first grades are more than seven years old. Besides the few exceptions noted above the buildings and grounds are generally unattractive and inadequate and the sanitary conditions hazardous.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

>

Population

APPLING COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
8,272 9,455

Colored
2,312 2,863

Total
10,584 12,318

6-18 Years
3,515 3,825

Attending School
2,507 1,972

Over 10 Years
623 1,382

16-20 Years
61 178

Per Cent
8.6 16.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

2,635

1923

2,985

664 840

3,299 3,825

78 24

35 27

113 51

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

\

$831,875

$2,925,229

$513,915

Age-Grade Retardation

$1,604

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

I

III IV

VI VII VIII IX

5^ 1
329 180
3 TM 34
b-'

228 240 37
94 107 131 126
13 41 45 58 52
9.3 10 1.3 1

256 4
103 149
2 40 58 2 11 21

247 8
82. 157
3 33 64 5 12 51

204 111 23
54 26 148 82
13 26 23 73 74 6 14.4 15 6 2.4 2

4 4

39 1 16
22 3
41 56 15.3
1.3

17 2 14 1 12 82
6 14.

X XI

Total

17 1. 9 7. 6.
53 100 41 .
16.2 17.6-
0.2

1,891 50 838
1,003 3
44
53

v.

GEORGIA. STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF APPLING COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, Feb. 1924.

SCHOOL
Baxley_. Dyal Graham Lily Long Branch Marquis Midway Prentiss. Bishop Boaz Buckhorn Chapel Coleman Corinth Doves Dukes Grant Griffis Hamilton Leroy Hopewell Memorial Meridian Moody Mt. Vernon Myra New Home Pine Grove Red Oak RockyHead Satilla Spring Branch Spring Head Sweet Water WValker
r3as Total/?11*

a "3
CO

9$ 7,895

5

675

5

675

5

600

5

750

5

725

5

625

5 1,120

5

325

5

350

5

325

5

375

5

425

5

375

5

300

5

325

5

375

5

325

5

500

5

375

5

325

5

250

5

375

5

325

5

250

5

325

5

325

5

425

5

450

5

450

5

375

5

200

5

325

5

325

5

300

5+$ 22,465

a] 60

TM im

CO

to

12 11 10 10

27

28

17 18

28

17

27

16

17

17

27

17

17

17

15

16

17

17

15

17

16

17

17

17

16

17

27

17

16

18 16

16

16

15

Co t



18 P.
1 ?. 12
12 11
1 1 1 1 1
.... 1
1 11
1 11
--- 1
11 11
1 1 1 1 1
---- 1
1
---- 1
1 1

2 274 C C B li

88 D E D D

92

EDO

4 2

i

85 82

E ED E ED

4

56

CDD

1 1 38

D ED

4

84 C E C C

23

EDD

27

D ED

27

A ED

42

EDD

66.... E D D

30.... C D D

29

EEE

30._._ B C D

45___. D D D

48___. E D D

2 ---- 53
36

EDD DDD

34.... E D D

30.... E D D

72.... D D D

32

E ED

54__._ E D D

31

E ED

56

ED E

44

EDD

38

EDD

90

E ED

65.... E D D

23

EEE

35.... E E E

54____ E D E

13

DD

52

51 28 23 42 9 40 19 2 1,925... D--D--D-

REPORT ON APPLING COUNTY SURVEY

BY

--

M. L. Duggan.

The length of tr-he school year in the rural schools of Appling County is below the minimum legal
requirements. There are more "lit tie schools" in this county than the Georgia school law allows. (The minimum
school district under Geort.<;ia School Law is sixteen square miles.) Less than two thirds oi " the children of school age were enrolled in the many schools during the
current school year. Fifty-three per cent of the p.%upils enrolled are over age for their grades, and thirty-four per cent of
those entering the first grades are C iver seven years old. Twenty-eight of the thirty-six schools are one-teacher schools, and twenty-four of these are serving
their present schools for their first term. ns. Too frequent changes for any constructive work. Twentythree of these teachers have low grade certificates.
The above cited significant facts suggest the educational results that may reasonably be expected.
K

y c.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
EMANUEL COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending School

Over 10 Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

14,911 15,150

10,951 9,990

25,862 25,140

8,432 8,014

6,556 4,841

2,454 4,100

295 487

13.5 23.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918 1923

5,015 5,056

3,866 3,582

8,881 8,638

78 38

325 103

403 141

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.


n

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$1,365,081

$3,986,744

$957,020

Age-Grade Retardation

$3,596

Grade

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI XII Total

Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded
%Accelerated
%Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

1.212 59
792 361
5
65
30 6-1

563 24
276 263
4 49 47 3
u-d

516 22
220 274
4 43 53 10.0
1.0

500
19 195 286
4
39 57 11.5
1.5

435 24
158 253
6 36 58 12.4
1.4

354
16
151 187
5 42 53 13.2
1.2

367 8
143 216
2 39
59 14.5
1.5

229 17 97
115 7
42
51 15.0
1.0

1515 84
62 3
56 41
15.7 0-7

96 7 61
28 7
64 21
16.2 0.3

67 4 44
19 6
66 28
17.5 0.5

7 1 6
14 86
17.8.

4,497 206
2,227
2,063 5
49
56

<?

vi

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
EECORD OF EMANUEL COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, Supervisor.

<D

SCHOOL

S

<s

0o

t-1

W

03

3

o

a

03

+

6W do

go
pq

'

Swainsboro

9

7,040

Emanuel County Institute.- . 9 14,790

Garfield

9

5,895

Adrian

9

3,960

Stillmore

9 6,550

Wesley High

8 3,960

Oak Park Summertown

r

7

2,660

8

3,440

Blundale

7

1,400

Canoocliee

6

1,230

Central

7

1,230

Ebenezer

6

1,200

Hines

6

1,200

Merritt

6

990

Norristo wn

6

1,320

OakChapel

6 1,290

O domville

6 1,140

Blun

7 1,170

Dellwood

6

840

Franklin

6

720

Ellabelle

6

810

Lee

6

930

Penlioopee

6

660

Pound

6

780

Johnson

6

660

Brittain

6

360

Coleman

6

360

Covena

6

360

Flanders

6

360

Gary

6

360

Grady

6

360

Gumhead

6

360

Hall

6

300

Kenfield

6

300

Long Creek

6

360

Modoc

6

360

Moore

6

300

Mooring

6

360

Rockbottom

6

363

Spring Hill

6

360

Stevens

6

300

Washington

6

300

Zaidee

6

300

14 11 21 12
9 11 6 11 10 11 7 10 58 5 10 49 37 37 4 10
3 3 6 3 3 2
3 2
2 3 2 4 2 1 1 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1

11 11 16 16 99
9 7 5 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2. 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

10 14 8 6
8 5 4 5 3 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 ... 2 ... 2 ... 2 __. 1
1

4.

334

BA

5 . . 31 529

CC

6.

297

AC

7 . _ 8 239

1! C

2 1 1 222

BB

4 1 3 182

DC

3

1 165-...

AO

2 3 6 192

CB

3 5 2 131

D

3 8 .. 115

D

3 3 . 116

D

3 3 ... 99

BD

2 4 1 108

CD

2

110

BD

2

113

BD

3

100

CC

2

112

CD

2

67

BC

1

72

CD

64

BD

90

CD

94

CD

84

DD

2

83

CD

3

61

CE

1 1 41

DCC

22

ECD

52-- E

D

29-- E

D

34--. C D D

51-- E C D

32-... E C D

1

21-_-. C C D

1

40-'... E C D

... 3 ... 12

24

EBD

59..-. E o D

16

26

E CE

1

58___. E 0 D

36__-. E D D

51.--. E D E

35__-. E D D

50-_.. E D D

39-- E D D

Total

6+$ 72,045 149 .131 115 16 108 23 75 68 55 4,4

D-- C D+

REPORT ON EMANUEL COUNTY SURVEY BY
M. L. Duggan.
In Emanuel County there has been steady and long-continued progress, but nothing revolutionary. Of the 131 teachers, 115 hold first grade certificates and IDS of them have had more than one year s exper-

lenCe-The outstanding educational achievement in the county (or probably of its kind in the state) is the

remarkable instance of consolidation of the schools of two small towns within a mile or two of each other

into the large and successful Emanuel County Institute, at Graymont-Summitt.

,.,,,,. tn

Here fach town was willing for the sake of improved educational advantages for then children to

surrender their prejudices and jealousies and compromise upon a central location. The result has been

a twelve grade school with 16 teachers and 529 pupils and immeasurably improved educational facilities.

Similar geographical situations exist in many other sections of the state, to whom this institution ought

t0b^teZe-GTjr^r^nIgTTe vuPns of the county run high (46%) but at the Emanuel

10

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF EMANUEL COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, Supervisor.

County Institute the large number of pupils are found to be of practically normal ages for their several grades.
Lately a number of new buildings have been constructed upon approved plans, but some of these are not well kept. This is chargeable, of course, to the local teachers.
None of the one-teacher schools have been allowed to attempt high school grades. While population of the^county hasi ncreased slightly, illiteracy has decreased very rapidly, as shown by the tables herewith.
Long continued services on the part of superintendent and members of the Board of Education have allowed maturing of constructive plans for school improvement.

WAYNE COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years

Schol

Years

Years

1920

11,228

3,153

14,381

4,755

4,072

952

91

9.4

1910

9,760

3,309

13,069

4,046

2,365 1,422

171

15.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

3,495

1923

3,040

Colored

Total

White

805

4,300

37

808

3,848

10

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
38 17

Total
75 27

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$1,033,913
Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

$3,014,374

$1,680,458

$1,914

Age-Grade Retardation
v
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

719 352 333 312 251 245 227 137 65 31

9

68 13

3

9

8

8

4

3

1

3

1

424 165 124 152 76 81 73 50 24 19

6

227 174 206 151 167 156 150 84 40

9

2

9

4

1

3

3

3

1

2

1

9 11

59 47 37 49 30 33 32 37 37 61 67

32 49 62 48 67 64 67 61 62 30 22

7.3 8.9 10.6 10.9 12.7 13.6 14.9 15.5 16.5 16.5 16.7

0.3 0.9 1.6 0.9 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.5 1.5 0.5

2,681 121
1,194 1,366
4 45 51

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

11

RECORD OF WAYNE COUNTY
BY M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, Feb. 1924.

SCHOOL
tWayne Co. High. Jesup Grammar.. Odum Screven Empire Piney Grove Farm Life O'Quinn Consolidated County Line Gardi Kicklighter Nadray Spring Neva New Hope Oak Ridge Oglethorpe Reddishville Red Hill Saw Grass Spring Grove Broadhurst Drawdy Fairfield Hopewell Little Creels Long Ford Mt. Pleasant Oak Grove Phinholloway Union

<D

w3

9 $ 5,400

9 4,770

6 2,760

7 4,080

7 2,712

6

1,770

6

1,260

6 1,320

6

780

6

660

6

660

660

810

660

660

930

750

720

660

690

690

240

300

480

270

360

420

390

390

300

300

is
pPi;*as3

^2.
GO OS'S
dW do

a

n

b

03 M

<D

II! <D O

& a>

1 CQ

<M! w

w

455

5 2 12 144

EBA

777

2

318

CAB

9642

5 13*"" 246

EAC

10 7 7

53

258 D E A+ C

55

146

222 D E A+ O

431

143

157 E E B C

33 33

3 3

2 2

''."'.

98 113

E CD E A+ C

2 ... 2 ... 2 2 6

63

DB C

2

1 1 1 1 1 .... 73

E DE

2

1112

60 E C D

2

2 1 1 2 ~2~~" 51

EEC

2

12

23

86

DC

2

12

1

66

EED

2

2112

65

EDE

2

12

2

122 E E D D

2

12

26

63

E DC

2

12

1 5 .... 52

EEC

2

12

11

65

EED

2

1 1 1 2 ... 1 47

EED

2 ... 2

2 2 .... 45-.-. EDO

... 1 1

1 4 1 20

DDD

... 1 1

1

33

DE D

1

1

1

25 D B C D

... 1 1

1

16 E C O

... 1 1

1

40

EDO

1

1

1

37

E DE

... 1 1

1

37 E C C

1

1

45

E DD

1

1

26

EDD

1

... 1

.-28 E D D

Total

6+$ 36,825 70 76 51 25 62 14 60 60 14 2.721,-. E+ O--D+

REPORT ON WAYNE COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan.

Wayne county public school system without change and with able administration for many years

has made steady and gratifying progress. The following statistics show how steady and remarkable this

growth has been in so far as statistics can show it.

1910

1915

1923

Total public school fund

$ 10,000 $ 28,000 $ 48,000

Length of school term

80 days

110 days

123 days

Average monthly salary white teachers,

$ 38.00

$ 51.00

$ 71.00

Children unable to read

92

87

27

Number consolidated schools

0

2

8

Per Cent of normal trained teachers

8

18

35

Number of children in high school

18

95

212

Total value of school property..._

$ 18,000 $ 54,000 $ 110,000

The public sentiment, the school spirit, and the teaching efficiency have made equally gratifying

progress throughout the county. Evidences of this can be seen and felt better than expressed in reports.

One of the outstanding evidences of the growth of public sentiment is the fact that last year the county

commissioners levied (under the late supreme court decision) two and one-half mills over and above the

five mills recommended by the county board of education for school support. The successful consoli-

dation and well planned new school buildings and satisfactory system of transportation also indicate

the educational situation in this county.

We can hardly recommend any better policies than the administration is pursuing for the continued

improvement in the public schools of Wayne County. Their continuation will best safe-guard the educa-

tional interests of the county's children.

12

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

SCREVEN COUNTY

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

9,697

13,850

23,547

7,565

4,845

4,068

513

24.5

1910

8,037

12,165

20,202

6,415

3,351

4,058

604

29.3

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates o\ er 10 Yrs.

White

1918

2,856

1923

3,084

Personal

Colored

Total

White

4,512 4,476

7,368

11

7,560

9

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
276 114

Total
287 123

Polls

$1,788,398
Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded ^Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

!, 573,389

$862,953

Age-Grade Retardation

$3,071

I II in IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

629 315 302 320 296 200 179 162 86 . 80 53 33 11 46 29 15 10 7 11 3 7 ...
392 154 137 124 125 90 72 74 47 43 30
204 150 119 167 156 100 100 77 36 30 23 53 15 9553638
. 62 48 45 48 42 45 40 46 54 53 56 33 49 40 43 53 50 57 48 43 39 44 7.2 8.9 9.5 11.1 12.1 13.0 14.2 14.9 15.7 16.6 17.7.
0.2 0.9 0.5 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.7_

2,622 172
1,288 1,162
6 49 45

^n

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

13

RECORD OF SCREVEN COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor, Jan. 1924.

SCHOOL

Sylyania High

Bay Branch

Rocky Ford

Newington

Oliver

Hilltonia

Bower Evans

Captola

Cooperville

9

Douglas Branch Elmwood

Gilgal

Goloid

Green Hill

Harmony.

Harrison

Harwell

Hurst

Jackson

Lee

Maple Branch

McDonald

Mercer

Middleground

Millhaven

Mobley

Walker

Woodcliff

Zeigler

Beulah

Blue Springs

Boyd

Colson

Coursey

Ennis

Friendship

Horse Creek

Lee Evans

Mt. Pleasant

Oak Grove

Pine Grove

Wesley

Total

ao

9

o

3n

<A

3

o

GO

a
O

si

$10,035 12 11 12 12

11

9 8
9

4,080
3,825 2,920 2,610

6 10 6 5

5

6 11 6 4

4

5 11 5 5 .. 2

4 10 4 2

1

6j 1,451

7*

750

6i 1,080

8

1,190

3 11 3 3 . 1 8 1 1_ 1 8 2 2_ 2 10 2 2 _

2 1
2 2

9^ 1,120

6t 1,113

6| 1,282

6i 1,079

6

960

2 8 2 2. 2 10 2 1 2 11 2 2 _ 2821 2 10 2 2 _

11 11 2 2 2

6

900

6

960

3
6*

1,012

6i

878

6

750

292 1 2 9 2 2. 2 9 2 2.
2 8 2 ....
192

11 2 2 11 11

6| i 6| - 6| 6*
9 66f of
| i 6 6*
6

945

1721

371 2 8 2 1

910 2 7 2 1

843

292

843

1 82 1

900 2 9 2

. 1 7 2 2.

"877"" 2

21

1,045 2

2 2.

1,012 2 7 2

633

191

540

2 7 1 1.

405

171

480 1 7 1 1 ..

11 2 ....
2 .... 1 1 1 1
1 2 ., 1 1 _.
1 .. 1 .. 1 ..

6
8 7
6

360 720

T_. 1 6 1

1 10 1

1 -.

595 1 450 2

1 I .. 1 -. 1 I .. 1 _.

6

420 1

1

1 ..

6

144

1

6

144 1

6

300 1

1 1 1

1 1 -.

6

300 2

1

1 .-

3 W

11 375 C--

0B

4 167....

BB

2 154 C--

BC

2 120

DB B

89_._. C C O

1 79

BDO

1 47

DDD

47

OC

.... 56_._.

0

1

57 D

B

2 ..

52

C

1 ..

59 D D C B

1 ..

54

E OB

44 D D B B

61.._. D O D

52____ D D D

6

57 D C C C

49.... E D D

2

50... C D D

1

53... E D D

1

45... E

B

2

60... E

C

54... E D C
48... E C c

1

37 D B D C

2

67... E E E

1

49 D D D D

48... O D D

1 7 2 52_._. E B B

12 1 32... . E C C

33... . E D O

26... . E D D

37... . E D D

32... . E D D

27... . D C B

42 D C C E

41... . E D C

27... . E B B

35... . E E E

57... . E E E

22... . C D D

30... . E D D

6+ $51,232 92

94 65 29 67 27 53 27 25 2.623D+ D C^D+

SCREVEN COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith. Many of the schools of Screven County are in splendid condition, I have found most of the schools splendidly eauipped, and the school interest generally good. Two of the consolidated districts have recently voted bonds sufficient for a modern building in each and two other districts are planning to do so at any early date. The Board and Superintendent seem to have their future plans well outlined and I feel sure they will continue their efforts toward perfecting
them.

14
Population

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS STEPHENS COUNTY
UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10

16-20

Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

8,899

2,316

11,215

3,531

2,449

1,115

108

14.0

1910

7,506

2,222

9,728

2,853

1,752

864'

67

12.8

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

2,598

1923

3,158

Personal $806,672

Colored

Total

White

654

3,252

65

878

4,036

69

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

$1,744,214

$860,254

RECORD OF STEPHENS COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor.

Colored
41 35

Total
106 104

Polls $2,403

SCHOOL
Eastanollee Avalon Fairview Martin Poplar Springs New Hope Carnes Creek Merritts Providence Rock Creek Toccoa Falls Tom's Creek Union Hill Ayersville Bending Hickory Cannons Currahee Dance Mt. Grove Pulliam Toccoa Lake Tremmier Tugalo "Toccoa Toccoa Falls Institute -
Total

o
OS CO
$6,720 1,717 2,381 2,640 1,777 1,140 841 841 634 714 592 675 1,191 252 382 382 382 382 380 382 382 382 204
18,097
6+ $43,470

10 11 49 48 49 49 39

KJ

n

4 4 ... 4 4 21 2 2

2 32

7

7

7

6

7

7

6

5

5

23 11

19

15

5 8-11 4

4

a <T> 0

a

h 01

>>

>

AJ S3
>> 03

03 35M

3s

z M oW oO
PH fc

cq

4

211 D+ E

C

41

148 .... E

D

4

93 E+ E

C

36

99 .... D

D

3 14

140 E+ E

C

1

88 E+ E D D

96. E D C

87 C D D C

78. D D E

60. E D E

1 ... 43. E C D

4 ... 95

ECC

7 ... 77. E E D

34. E C C

15. E D E

1 .... 34. E D-- E

3 ... 41. E C D

34. C D E

30. E D C

3 .... 33. E D E

41. E D D

... 2 .... 26. E E D

1 1 .... 26. E D E

10 1 7 691. C B D

DD

79

78 62 12 46 32 43 55 21 2,320. E+ C-- D

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

15

RECORD OF STEPHENS COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
Total Number Accelerated. Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal ^Retarded" Median Age" ~" Med. Retardation"-"-"

I II HI IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

541 296 304 291 209 192 1(59 143 87 44 41

25 8 73 5

4 4 23

297 114 129 88 66 59 51 47 28 20 20

219 174 168 200 138 129 114 94 56 24 21

4 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 3.

53 38 42 30 31 30 30 33 32 45 49

43 60 56 69 67 68 68 66 65 55 51

7.5 9.4 10.2 11.7 12.7 14.1 14.6 15.7 16.6 17.2 18.0

0-5 1.4 1.8 1.7 1.7 2.1 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.2 1.0

Total
2,317 61 919
1,337 2
39 59

REPORT ON SURVEY OF STEPHENS COUNTY

By I. S. Smith.

Recommendations: 1. There is urgent need for more constructive and active supervision. I do not believe the County

Board of Education could make a wiser move than to arrange for the incoming Superintendent



to go to some summer school and put him actively on the job as Superintendent for the entire

year on a salary that would enable him to give his entire time and attention to the schools of

the county. 2. There should be much consolidation of, at least, the high school work. There are too many

schools attempting to do high school work, thereby taking too much time of the limited teaching

force from the children in the lower grades. By consolidating the high school work much time

and effort could be saved by the pupils and teachers at a reduced cost to the county.

3. In some sections schools are too close together to warrant a good school at any of the places.

The best interests of the children in these places demand the consolidation of all the schools.

4. A more prompt payment of the teachers is imperative.

BURKE COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

!.

1920 1910

6,060 4,805

24,775 22,462

30,835 27,267

9,249 8,290

6,874 4,358

6,622 6,295

768 596

28.8 32

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,639

1923

1,718

Personal

Colored

Total

White

8,368

10,007

15

7,230

8,948

17

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored 542 502

Total
557 519

Polls

$1,985,015

$6,393,659

$815,853

$4,116

16

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF BURKE COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor.

SCHOOL
*Waynesboro SardisHigh Midville Vidette-Rosier Girard Alexander Keysville Cleveland Rockville St. Clair Carswell Cullen Green's Cut Gresham Knight McBean Mobley Oak Grove Telfair
Total

w
a

H

CQ

9 $17,950

9 8,210

9 6,780

9 6,635

9 5,960

9 2,250

9 2,115

9 1,575

9

1,215

9 1,215

9

540

9

540

9

540

9

540

9

540

9

540

9

540

9

540

9

540

H <D

a

sQQ
O
Q

^Hi Ow

03 BO

tf

MA

^ GQ 03

(S3
03 !g

3 3

6 fc

+

do m

16 11 16 16

13

9 11 9 8 1 9

3

7 11

7

6

5

7 11

7

7

7 10

6

33

2 10

3

3 ...

39

1 2 3 ...

38

2

2 ...

29

2

11

29

1111

26

... 1 1 ...

17

... 1 ... 1

17

1

17

1

11

17

1

... 1

14

... 1

._. 1

17

... 1

11

17

... 1

11

16

... 1

11

.. 25 422 A+ B B A

.. 8 186 C-- A B B

4 141C-- C E B

4 2 147 C-- C A A

1 130 B C C

.. 85 C-- C C C
.. 84 E c D

._ 51 C E C

.. 37 C D C

__ 48

CE C

_. 15 D E D

.. 34 E D C

.. 11 A E E

.. 12____ E D D

.. 17

COD

.. 7 B D D

_. 15 D D D

25 D D D

20

CDC

9 $58,765 68

66 56 10 51 15 37 8 40 1,487.._ C--D+C-

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded ^Accelerated %Normal___. %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

249 176 163 175 143 161 118 110 70 85 49

1,499

27 16 28 18 11 13 4 5

92

133

180 105 91 91 93 88 69 56 54 52 37

916

42 55 44 66 39 60 45 49 16 24 10

450

10 9 17 10 7 8 3 4

10 4

8

72 59 56 52 65 54 58 50 77 61 75

61

18 32 27 38 28 38 39 46 23 29 21

31

6.7 8.2 ).0 10.5 11.1 12.5 13.5 14.8 15.5 16.2 17.4.

0.2. .- 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.4.

REPORT ON SURVEY OF BURKE COUNTY By I. S. Smith.

The schools in Burke County are in fairly good condition. Bonds have recently been voted for the construction of a modern school building in Midville. When this is completed practically all of the central white schools will have good houses with good equipment.
A larger per cent of the school population of the county is colored. In several colored schools of the county Domestic Science and Manual Training are being taught. I suggest that the Board and Superintendent put this type of work in more of the colored schools.

Population

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
DECATUR COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

17
Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20

Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

15,294

16,490

31,784

9,959

7,851

4,016

408

17.5

1910

12,305

16,738

29,043

6,524

5,050

624

24.5

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

4,482

1923

3,807

Personal

Colored

Total

White

5,213

9,695

83

4,202

8,009

12

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
419 130

Total
502 132

Polls

$3,411,328

$3,980,166

$1,556,045

RECORD OF DECATUR COUNTY BY
E. A. Pounds, Supervisor.

$3,264

SCHOOL
*tBainbridge High *Bainbridge Grammar Attapulgus Brinson Consolidated Climax Consolidated Faceville Consolidated Pine Hill Consolidated West Bainbridge Bell-Dixon Fowlstown Consolidated Bethany Consolidated Eldorendo Consolidated Mt. Pleasant Recovery Alliance Heath Academy Parker Pine Grove Martin Twin Lakes Amsterdam Mills Prosperity
Total

9$ 10,370 14 8-11 7 7

9 11,025 14 7 14 14

9 5,242 8 11 7 7

9 5,192 8 11

7 __

8 4,905 10 11

7 ..

8 4,560 7 11

7 ..

8 2,720 10 11

5 ..

8 3,690-- 10 10

5 ..

8 2,060 4 10

4 __

8 3,000 4 11

4 __

8 1,660 2

3 __

8 1,680 3

3 __

8

1,440

3 ..

8 1,520 4

3 __

6

840-- 2

2 _.

6

600 2

2 ..

6

880 3

2 _.

6 1,080-- 2

2 ..

6

648 2

2 ..

9 1,575 3

2 __

6

720 1

1 _.

6

318 1

1 ..

6

330 2

1 ..

7+$ 66,055 116 94 94

a+1 CD

aB 03 60

4->

0

qH w

,Q J3 GO

3
9 2 a go '3

5

23 182 _ C A A

13

.. 568 _ A A A

5

3 176 D+ A A B

2

6 165 C A A

6

2 281

DAB

2

-..-233 . D

D

2

___ 169 C-- C A" B

5

... 197 .... D A B

1

... 114 D C B

3

4 115 .... D A C

3

___ 112 .... E E D

2

___ 57 .... D D C

1

... 49 .... E

___ 91 .... C A"B"

___ 51 E-- E E D

... 39 .... E E D

... 79 E-- C B C

... 37 .... A E E

... 31 .... C E D

___ 44 .... A D C

___ 12 .... A D E

___ 28 .... E E D

... 16 .... D E E

56 38 54 30 38 2,846 C-- O C-

18

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

DECATUR COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
XT Tv?taV Number Accelerates Number Normal Number Retarded ^Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

I H HI IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

549 283 360 347 330 258 238 186 119 104 63 2^836

49 18 39 29 37 18 10 13 11 10 4

238

389 169 209 183 144 118 101 57 59 55 37 1521

ill 95 112 135 149 122 127 116 49 39 22 1 077

8 6 10 8 11 7 4 7 9 10 6

'8

66 59 58 52 43 42 43 30 49 53 58

54

26 35 32 40 46 51 53 63 42 37 36

38

6-8 8-3 9-2 10.6 11.8 12.8 14.1 15.5 15.6 16.5 17.5

0.3 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.5 0.6 0.5 0.5.__"_""""""

REPORT ON SURVEY OF DECATUR COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound.

Decatur county has made marked educational progress during the past two years. It deserves much credit for what it has done in the matter of consolidation and is to be commended for the following improvements :
1. The development of twelve consolidated schools. 2. The erection of rural schools, twelve of them costing $225,000.
3. The offering of eight months schooling to the average pupil of the county in the 17 districts having local tax. In some schools nine months is offered. Only in the colored schools and in those few schools that have no local tax to support them is a six months term offered.
4. The rule of the Board of Education requiring that all white teachers of the county have a first grade license before they can teach. No teacher is permitted to teach a grade above that represented by her license. This is quite in contrast to some counties where many of the licenses are third grade.
This county comes much nearer than the average county in offering to the rural child an equality of educational opportunity. It has a junior high school in reach of every child in the county. The seemingly large number of senior high schools is to be accounted for on account of the geography of the county, divided as it is by the Mint River. A greater number of boys and girls are in attendance upon the high schools than ever before, and as the consolidated schools improve below the high school grades, greater and greater numbers will be found in attendance upon the senior high schools.
There are in the county 32 colored schools. As in many other counties, the maj ority of the buildings are not school buildings but churches, or else buildings owned by private parties. This county should develop at least one Rosenwald school for the colored people.
The following recommendations are made:
1. Further consolidations until the few one and two-teacher schools are eliminated, and the county has an entire system of consolidated schools all co-ordinated and all giving an adequate length of term.
2. The attendance of all teachers of little experience, and some of those that have more experience, upon good summer schools.
3. The educational conscience of the people of this County has been developed, but a continuous campaign along this line is recommended.
4. The erection of a few good buildings for the colored people. 5. The adoption of a local tax by every district of the county.
Bainbridge. Bainbridge has one of the best school systems in the state. The newly erected building is almost ideal as a high school structure. The City Board is now contemplating the addition of $4,000 worth of equipment to the laboratory. This school has a magnificent athletic field of 14 acres within a short distance of the school.
The discipline of the school is fine. There is freedom without restraint. Tlie spirit of the student body is excellent.
All in all, Bainbridge and Decatur County are making wonderful educat'-,nal strides. If the plans m the minds of the respective superintendents are effected this county wUl scon prove itself to be one of the most advanced, educationally, of the counties of the state.

ft

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

19

GRADY COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10

16-20

Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

12,952

7,354

20,306

6,520

3,973

2,771

287

19.2

1910

11,054

7,403

18,457

5,763

3,570

2,797

316

22.1

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

3,892

1923

4,190

Personal

Colored

Total

White

2,652

6,544

40

2,646

6,836

16

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
213 97

Total 253 113
0
Polls

$1,249,358

$3,173,608

$392,499

Age-Grade Retardation

$3,284

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

I II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI

628 385 395 395 349 253 241 147 105 72 24

18 23 19 12 28 7

9625

403 199 179 167 147 99

69 52 47 16

207 163 197 216 174 147 134 69 47 23 3

2

6

4

3

8

2

3

6

5

2 20

64 51 45 42 42 35 41 47 49 65 66

34 43 51 55 50 63 56 47 46 33 14

7.2 8.7 9.9 11.2 11.9 13.3 14.2 14.8 15.7 16.4 16.

0.2 0.7 0.9 1.2 0.9 1.3 1.2 0.8 0.7 0.4

Total
2,994 137
1,477 1,380
4 49 47

20

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORE OF GRADY COUNTY E. A. Pound, Supervisor.

SCHOOL

CaO)

a
H

as

H

oj CO

Cairo

9 $ 14,445

Whighom High .

9 5,625

Calvary Elpino _ ._-- -

8 2,120 7 1,260

Fairview . - - -

7 1,400

New Home

7 1,155

Midway Reno. _ - --

7

875

7 1,190

Wayside . ..

7 1,190

Chason __ .

-.-_-. 7

Eureka

--

7

840

Greenwood

--- 7

975

7

945

Oak Grove _ .

._

7

Oak Hill

...

Pawnee ...

-

7

770

7

805

Pine Forest -

_... 7

910

Pine Hill - -.

7

735

680

Pleasant Hill

-

-7

770

Providence.. ... -

5

600

Sherwood

--- 7

735

Siloam... ..

... 7

700

Spence.. ...

-

7

875

Union Academy _

7

840

Union Springs ._

7

730

Walker

7 1,015

Woodland

7

945

Bay Pole

7

420

Beachton

.. . -

7

455

Boydville

-

7

525

Central

..

8 1,380

Golden-Rod

.

7

Hawthorne .

..

7

315

Moore

7

385

Pine Summit

.. 8

600

Pine Union

-

7

420

Pleasant Valley

- ._ - -. 7

455

Shady Grove

7

350

Pleasant Grove

7

385

Sunny Side

-

-7

385

Swamp Creek

7

420

Union Hill

7

420

aoo

ft
M
03
H
w a> X}

en

o 0<3s H

CD
a
CD
o
en .

ft 5 H

uo
CD

+ 6

03 H

d +3 P>

0 fc

'A W

03 CO

|
'A (M i--1

U3

4J

CD
P5

a

a >>?,, PoI
03 W)
US

03
do 'A

woua

CD
<&
O
'3
i
CO

a CD
a 0u3 O

a
CD
S3

i

go

<m w

16 11 15 14 1 11 4 5 3 25 485 B A A

7 in 7 7

4 3 4 2 9 296

EAA

4 10 4 1 3 4

2 3 6 140

CCC

4 9 4 3 1 2 2 ?,

156 B E B C

3 10 3 3

1 2 3 _ ... 1 62 C E C

3 8 3 12 1 2 3 3 107

EDD

3933

1212

68.... E C E

3 9 3 12 3

11

90

ECD

3 10 3 2 1 2 1 2

80 D B D

?, 8 2 2

2

61

EC D

2 8 2 11 2

?,

51 D E E

282

21115

47 D C C

3 9 2 11 1 1 1

66

EB D

?. 7 2

22

63

EC E

192

2112

56

EE E

2 8 2 11 1 1 _ .3

52

ED E

2722

112

98 B E D E

2 8 2 11 1 1

48 A+C C D

2 .2

40

C

2822

1 1 2 . ... 1 70

ED E

2 7 2 11 1 1 1 1

48

ECC

2 8 2 11 1 1 1 1 2 36

E CD

272

2111

37

EED

2 7 2 11 1 1 1 3

?. 7 2 11 2

?,

? 9 2 11 1 1 ?.

93 41

E

Bn

D E

43 ... E c D

3922

1113

58 B C D D

2822

2

2 4 1 51

E CD

1 71

11

23

E F, E

1611

1

12

37

ED C

1 411

1

41 ... C F, E

393213

128 D C D

2811

17

34

ED E

141

1 ... 1 .

15

EE E

171

1 ___ 1 1

35

EC E

181

11

36___. B D E

251 1 71
1 71

11 11
11

12 1

22

CEE

26 B B n E

. 23 ... B o D

171

1 . ... 1 1

40.-- E E E

1 61

1 ... 1 1 3

19 . . C

D

1 61

11

2 . 20 . . E F, E

1711

... 1 _

26

ED E

Total

7+a, 50,025 104

100 60 38 64 34 51 50 45 3,068 ,,._.D-- D+D--

REPORT ON SURVEY OF GRADY COUNTY

Grady county now has forty four white schools and thirty colored schools. This number of schools is entirely too large for a county of this size. In the spring of 1922 this county was surveyed by Mr. M. L. Duggan who then recommended fewer schools and the adoption by the county of the plan of consolidation.
It will be noted that there are twenty-one white schools teaching or attempting to teach high school
subjects in the eighth and ninth grades. These schools are inadequately equipped for this work--except the Cairo High School which is a school of which any county might be proud In speaking to the county board on this subject, the surveyor recommended that the Board find some way by which the few pupils in the eighth and ninth grades of such schools be removed to the larger senior high school of the county. To continue the present plan of calling 40% of the schools in the county high schools is not only a waste of money but is really educational folly.
The county has made one forward, step within the past year. It has employed a supervisor of the

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

21

REPORT ON SURVEY OF GRADY COUNTY (Continued)
schools under the direction of the County Superintendent She is doing splendid work and has started out to a1c.coImmpplirsohvethmeenfot lloofwtihneg toebajcehcetirvsesb:y giving help to each indj-ivi^du,,,ail tte0oancvh,er csunc^h as ttvhne> tteeaaccnheeri

2. Improvement of appearance of the buildings and grounds and the procurement of needed

3. ImproTCment of the attendance, getting all children enrolled, as well as improvement in the

4. Improvement of the health of the communities through the improvement of the health of the
children by teaching children the laws of sanitation, health and hygiene.

After studying the situation in this county the following recommendations are made:

1. Improvement of teachers through attendance upon summer institutes, normal schools, etc

2. The selection of teachers with reference to their fitness for the work they are to do.

3. The consolidation of many schools into larger ones.

tpacher

4. The elimination of all high school grades from the average rural school and from all one teacner

schools.

5.

The elimination of nearly all of the one-teacher schools.

^^i^^oritnnrtiliq-

A study of the county upon the part of the Board in order to ascertain the placement and dis-

tribution of consolidated schools. The development of a better educational

consciousness

throughi,o,,u,,ttttih,e-ncm ounntty.

The approval of teachers by the County Board if they are to be selected by the tru^ees.

d

9. The erection of better buildings for both white and colored. Out of the thirty-one colored

schools only three are owned by the county board.

FANNIN COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

12,015

1910

12,412

12,103

162

12,574

3,819 3,866

3,081 2,121

938

70

11.2

,857

107

21.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.



1918

1923

White
3,868 3,932

Colored

Total

White

31

3,899

101

25

3,957

21

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored

Total
101 22

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$349,907
Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

$1,740,283

$315,271

$2,345

Age-Grade Retardation

I II HI IV

VI VII VIII IX

1.070 49
541 480

379 10
113 256

42(5 6
133 287

488 16
125 347

406 11 102 293

297 5 62
230

190 76
3_ 21 26 166 50

58
9 49

42
2 40

4

2

1

50 29 31

46 69 68

7.7 9.7 10.6

0.7 1.7 1.6

3 26 71
12.0 2.0

2
25 73 13.2 2.2

1 21 78 14.4
2.4

2. 11 34
87 66 15.7 15.6
2.7 1.6

15 85 16.9
1.9

5
95 18.4
2

XI 39
31
20 80 18.8
1.8.

Total
3,471 100
1,142 2,229
3 32 65

22

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF FANNIN COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor.

SCHOOL

*McCaysville_

lEpworth.

*Blue Ridge

"""

9

IMorganton....

" 'g

Fry

6

IMineral Bluff

'6

Mobile

Pan-will Dial...

6

Gravelly Gap

TM

"g

Hot House

g

Hurst Ritchie

~"

6

~~~~ ""

3

Alsobrook

a

Bell

""

g

Bunker Hill
Cooper's Creek Oak Grove Padena Payne
Ray
Robinson Salem

'6 """ ' 6
""" ' g g

1'_

6
6

4

"

g

Shady Grove

.

'g

Star Creek

""""

6

Sugar Creek

'g

Sugar Hill

"

6

Sweet Gum. .

"" g

Tiney

::::::

i

Toccoa

g

Union

~~~~~~~~

6

Upper Hemptown . " "

6

Upper Jack River. .

"6

Wilson.

_

'6

Mary P. Willingham"."_"

8

Cutcane

g

Dunn

g

Flinthill Forrester Greene Harper Hemptown

'_'_

6

"""

g

g

"*"

""" g

-------- ^

Hipp's Chapel Jack River
Jerusalem Kencaid
Lebanon Macedonia Maple Grove Mathis
Mt. Moriah Newport--

"~

6

2

~_~~~

6

SJSSS.

6

.//___' 6

..// _

6

"~

'6

I

'g

'g

g

Total Ti-See Report.

6+$

03
4,540 4,905 3,600 3,260
860 720 800 840 560 530 560 560 410 330 270 240 240 330 345 270 270 330 360 300 270 300 300 300 300 270 300 330 260 255 3,295 300 270 360 300 330 270 310 330 160 270 270 270 250 240 240 300 300
42,380

aa tf

+ fl to

77

527

2

6 11

6 ... 3 3 4

5954132 1

6 11 47

4 3

3 1

14 2 .... 3

4 2

3 9 2 2 ... 2

3 3

7 6

3 3

1 1

2 2

3 12

1 3

3 7 2 1 1 -..- 2 2

162

22

1 72

2

1

162

2

1

172

112

171 1 10 1

1

1

1

171 171 171

1

1

1

1

1

171

1

1 7 1.

1

1 6 1.

1

1

1 7 1 1.

1

1 7 1 1.

1

1 6 1.

1

1 6 1. 151

1

1

1

1 7 1.

1

1

1 7 1.

1

1

1 8 1 1.

1

1 7 1_

1

1 6 1_ 161 1 5 1.

1

1

1

1

... 1 .

1 5 1.

... 1 1

...6-11 13
1 7 1. 1 7 1 ..

12 1 1

1

1

--- 1 .

1 7 1 1_

1

1 6 1 1.

1

1 7 1 1.

1

1

1 6 1 ..

... 1 1

1 7 1 -.

1

161 1 6 1 _. 1 7 1 ._

1 1 1

1 7 1 ._ 1 4 1 -. 1 6 1 _.

1 1

1 7 1 _. 1 7 1 _. 1 7 1 -. 161

1 1 1

fe.2

dO

30



466. ... E E A

175 C E B A

2 251 C E B A

145..... E C D

120- ... E B D

94. ... E C C

118. ... E B D

108 C E C-- D

63. ... E C D

73.... E B D

70. ... E C E

70. ... E 62. ... E

C
c

E E

50. ... E 63. ... E

Dc

D E

24. ... E E E

39. ... E D E

37. .-. D E E

51. --- E

E

32. ... E D E

22. ... E D E

41. ... E C E

54.... E C D

52.... E D E

37 ... E C E

37.... E D E

45..... D D E

28..... E D E

25_.... E D E

34_.... E C E

53..... E D D

64..... E C E

28..... E D E

18..... E C E

16 171..... E A A

23_.... E D E

47..... E D E

56..... E C E

40..... E C E

52_. .. E D E

32.. .. E C E

47.. -. E 0 E

43.. .. E . E

22.. ._ E D E

44_. .. E B-- E

19.. .. E E E

55.. .. D

E

51... . E

E

22... - E D E

26... - E C D

43... .- E C E

25.... E D D

82 94 44 50 71 23 46 10 18 3,467 0 E+C--E +

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

23

REPORT ON SURVEY OF FANNIN COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard.
The schools of Fannin County are usually small. In a large number of instances the schools and church occupy the houses in common, with little more than a meagre equipment for the former. However a few modern school buildings have been erected and furnished with modern desks and blackboards.
Some consolidations are contemplated as soon as suitable roads are constructed. Good roads (passable ones) are of primary importance in the development of the schools and the improvement of rural life of this section. Two public highways are now under construction which will be of incalculable value to the economic, church and school life of the county.
Morganton school is handling high school work under the auspices of the Baptist denomination, and Epworth school is doing a like work with the supportrof the Methodist denomination. Both are doing good work. Epworth is approaching the qualifications of an accredited high school. Blue Ridge Public School is a local system working for the standing of an accredited school. With these three schools functioning as high schools the youth of the county have opportunities for high school education easily accessible
to all. Mineral Bluff is in name a local system, but with the narrow limit of two and one-half mills tax levy,
very little can be done of a constructive nature. This school should be transformed into a district system and thus enlarge its resources and usefulness.
McCaysville is the Georgia part of Copper Hill Tennessee, and has its own local system, teaching seven grades of work. The high school pupils attend the splendid Copper Hill High School.
In addition to the above high schools available for Fannin County pupils, the Mary P. Willingham school for girls, located at Blue Ridge, Georgia, is broadening the high school opportunity for the county. This is a splendid institution fostered by the Baptist denomination.
Much improvement in educational spirit has made itself manifest in the county during the last few years.
Recommendations: 1. That better and larger schools may be had, public roads should be improved. 2. The school houses should be re-located in many places and combinations made which would not necessarily involve heavy transportation expense. 3. Consolidation of schools would reduce the number of teachers and make possible the employment of a better qualified class of teachers.
Observations: The county superintendent is diligent in his supervision but he is greatly hampered by the broken
country and impassable roads. The compulsory attendance law is being fairly well enforced, allowing for conditions. The county board of education has a small indebtedness which is being gradually liquidated. Better roads, better school sites, better houses and better teachers will greatly improve the system.

BRYAN COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Per Cent Years

1920 1910

3,423 3,365

2,920 3,337

6,343 6,702

2,023 2,005

1,297 987

947 1,045

113 140

20.8 22.4

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,287

1923

1,219

Colored

Total

White

1,140

2,427

3

2,084

17

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored 17 63

Total
20 80

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$439,651

$1,182,670

$761,599

$1,029

24

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF BRYAN COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor.

SCHOOL

Pembroke _ Ellabelle Clyde Green Bay Keller Lanier Wayside Bashlar Conoochee Eldora Groveland Kilkenny Middle Ground Rodina Ways
Total

g

I'.'.V." 6

_

_ 5*

~ 5| I _ ~ _ _ 51

'_"__ 51

51

._ _ 6

~.~.~~_~ 5*

'."'."'. sf

" 51

~ 6"

.

6

"""" 51

6

a

(4

W

d W>


si
8,300 2,160
690 528 568 623 623 330 300 568 348 313 300 300 330

0d

13 11 10 10

5 10 6 3

3

2 10 2 ...

1

2 72 2

1

2621

2821

2"

2 9 2 2 _. 1

16 16

r__

26

1 __

14

1 _.

29

1..

16

16

17

do
55

4...

344 C C 135 O D 29. ... C 63. ... E 45. ... E 48_ ... E
51. ... C 29. ... E 25. 20. .. E 25 _ .. D 25 _ .. D 38. ._ E 14. .. B 19. .. C

go
m
B C DD DD DD DD CD DD D ED DD CC DD DE DD

16,281 38

34 23 11 20 14 25 18

910 C D D+D +

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

j n m iv v vi vn vra K x xi Total

NumbeA-cceleratedV.::::-------1^ TMe ^ TM6

1

W 7

M*



3"

34

19

Number Normal Number Retarded .

... 86 61

60 55

4 65

44 U

31
RR

29
IA

22
TO

29 I

IQ
J2

1in8 ""4I"

^~ 3,I86

%Accelerated

""""". 7 5 1 5 2 7 J? JS 15

41

%Normal

54 49 30 J a? J JJ 34 21 17

%Retarded Median Age...

""

""

39 75

le go

60 ,,, ,

53 ?? n

67 fj ,,

m ",

3f .

Jf .

2080

f 21 30 79

44
48

Med. Ret^dati0n";::::::::::;; li H "jj ^ *:g 13J xo:l.13;5 'pi xg;l x^:::::;;::;;

REPORT ON SURVEY OF BRYAN COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith.

4- s^'ssax'iiKsa^^^

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

BAKER COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

25
Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending School

Over 10 Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

2,684

5,614

8,298

2,695

1,748

2,186

276

36.5

1910

2,255

5,718

7,973

2,542

1,588

2,451

301

43.4

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

838

1923

888

Personal

Colored
1,687 1,754

Total

White

2,525

15

2,642

14

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
107 90

Land

. Corporation

Total 122 104
Polls

$432,078
SCHOOL
Newton Elmodel Patmos PineHill Bethany Milford Hickory Pond Jackson Myrtle Pleasant View Riverside Stevens Twiggs
Total
Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

$1,155,809

$20,856

RECORD OF BAKER COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor.

$1,067

A

tis. License
ntis.

60
0

u <s

a
o o

03 En to <s

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Gj
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tn

9 $ 3,150 4 10

6 1,260 4 10

6

1,200

39

6

1,170

3 10

6

780 2 10

6

720 2

6

360 1

6

360 1

6

360 2

6

360 1

6

360 1

6

360 1

6

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37____ E E E

45____

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24

EEE

36

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42

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25

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6+$ 10,800-- 26 24 10 14 15 9 18 4 3 667__ __ D C--D-- Age-Grade Retardation

I
169 16 104 49 10 61 29 7.1 0.1

II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X

Total

91

91 76 79 56 45 35 18 7

667

9

5

1

5

5

4

1

1.

47

54

44 34 29 17 15 13 6 3

319

28

42 41 45 34 26 21 11 4

301

10

5

1

6

9

9

3

5_

7

59

48 45 36 30 33 37 33 43

47

31

47 54 58 61 58 60 62 57

46

8.4 9.8 11.2 12.2 13.5 14.2 15.4 16.2 17.5-

0.4 0.8 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.5-

26

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON SURVEY OF BAKER COUNTY BY E. A. Pound.
The County of Baker is one of the weaker counties financially. Its people are levying as much or more tax as some other counties, and yet on account of limited taxable values its children cannot have the
y?e+nJhe Present superintendent came into office three years ago there were twenty white schools fSaicnicleititehsaot btitmaienefdoutrhcaonnesvoelirdbaetifoonres ihnavtheebseeenscmhoaodles.of twelve schools, and as a result much bweotnt.eTMr bscuhiuoooli
There is no four year high school in the county at present. Bethany, Elmodel, and Newton have ten grade schools, or three years of high school work. Pine Hill and Patmos offer two years of high school work while Milford and Stevens offer a one year high school. The schools at Newton and Elmodel should eventually become Senior high Schools; the other schools should be retained as junior high schools provided they can meet the requirements for approved junior high schools. Only fifty five children of the tthhatXin tthhePp^asIttW the1r1e6 wCeUrentnyoW aqguheSd,Caht+ehiSi-g,,hTsncihsoioslst0whsimcha11thaencuhmilbderer"n cnouilsdaatttrteibnudt,aobrletototThehesfhaocr?t terms of the primary schools This should be remedied, and every child in Baker county who comes to SupeTntld^TsTorSo thto end PPrtUnlty f attendin* a first * *gh -hool. The present
The following recommendations are made: 1. Longer terms in all the schools of the county. number o^hfte^KlftoK^ Superintendent has in TMw of f^her consolidations, reducing the
better3buUdfng"forThsf raatc1eeaSt ^ **"* ClaSS buUding for the negroes that this may set an example of for thtir ^attendance uPn summer or normal schools of all teachers not now adequately prepared
terms^or^thtvTachers a ^^ ^^ t0 ^ CUnty sPuerintendent and better salaries and longer . 6. Better equipment in the majority of the schools of the county.

IRWIN COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

8-18 Attending Over 10

16-20

Years School

Years

Per Cant

1920 1910

6,950 5,545

5,719 4,916

12,669 10,461

4,236 3,183

3,422 1.988

1,254 1,693

126 182

14.1 23.5

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

<

White

1918

2,372

1923

2,504

Colored

Total

White

1,850

4,222

26

1,965

4,469

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored 88 45

Total 114 53

Persona] $576,200

Land $2,313,399

Corporation $214,474

Polls $1,572

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

27

RECORD OF IRWIN COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor.

SCHOOL
*Ocilla Mystic Irwinville Lax Osierf ield Waterloo BrushyCreek Fletcher Frank Holt New Tapley Pinetta Reedy Creek _ Wray Abba Arp Clinton Harper New Prospect. OakHill OldTapley Riverbend Roberts Tuckers

A
bj)

ra

o T3

1
0 0 05

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CD d

aCD
0 03 CD
H

6 ucS 6

CO

fc 0 fc

CO

m

6 S 11,120-- 12 11 11 11

11

7 2,520--

95323

4

938--

4 _. 2

6

1,620

3

2

6

1,780

3

3

6 1,710

2

2

5

950

1

1

5

625

1

1

5

625

2

2

5

625

2

2

5

600

1

1

4

480

1

i\

540

1

600

1

5

200

5

300

1

5

325

1

5

300

1

5

275

1

5

300

5

275

5

325

1 _.

5

325

1--

5

300

1 ..

tis. License
ntls. 2--
Experience
2+

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<! pq

2 10 326 C+ C B A

4 1 116 .___ E E B

186 .... E E D

4 2 222 C-- E E D

8

93

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110 D+ E E E

1 104 .... E E E

30 .... E D D

57

ECC

5 .. 55 .___ E D E

81 -.__ E C D

70 .... E E D

78 .... E E C
57 ..__ E D c

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ECD

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24 .... E E D

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1

26

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1

31 .... E D C

12

27 C-- E D D

... 4

28 .___ E D O

13

22

DDD

Total...

5+$ 27,658 68

59 38 21 40 19 38 39 121,878 C E+ D--D+

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
Total. Number Accelerated. Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

471 255 218 239 202 154 114

21 12 6 6 5 5 2

278 97 68 58 63 29 36

172 146 144 175 134 120 76

4

4

2

3

2

3

1

59 38 31 24 31 12 31

37 58 67 73 67 85 68

7.3 ).3 10.6 11.7 13.0 14.2 14 .S

0.3 1.3 1.6 1.7 2.0 2.2 1.9

54 1 18
35 2 33 65
15.6 1.6

43
1 23
19 2 53
45 15.8 0.

19
13 6
68 32 16.5 0.5

17
53 47 17.9. 0.9.

Total
1,786 59 692
1,035 3 38 59

REPORT ON IRWIN COUNTY BY
J. O. Maritn.

Three years ago the County Board of Education was in debt, it is said, $40,000. Since that time this amount has been reduced to $20,000. In the mean while the total revenue has been reduced one third.
This term's enrollement shows 1,309 children in the rural school with 100 additional in the Ocilla Public School. In the rural schools there are only 28 children doing high school work, and there are only 49 who attend the Ocilla and A. and M. schools. There are only eleven children from the entire county, including Ocilla who are attending College. Ten of these are from Ocilla. The length of school term as paid by the county, is five months; four local districts supplement their terms to six and one half and seven months.
Three of the county teachers have eighth grade training; ten have ninth grade training; four have tenth grade training; fifteen have eleventh grade training; two have Junior College training; and two
have graduated from Normal Schools. The schools are just what the above shows. They are no better. The Ocilla school is the county High School. It is well organized and works in perfect harmony with the county system.
The county school superintendent is doing his best to put the county out of debt. He has built one good house, and has perfected several needed consolidations. He has the undivided support of his teachers, and the confidence of the people, but it is believed that within two or three years he will be able to bring the system back to normal, and improve it along with the neighboring counties.

28

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

Population

EARLY COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920 1910

7,889 6,848

11,090 11,273

18,979 18,121

6,349 5,657

5,097 2,871

2,700 3,338

323 419

19.5 26.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yia.

White

1918

2,603

1923

2,884

Personal

Colored

Total

White

3,867 4,107

6,470

19

6,991

5

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
300 170

Total
319 175

Polls

$1,501,040

$3,786,800

$567,702

RECORD OF EARLY COUNTY BY
E. A. Pounds, Supervisor.

$2,997

SCHOOL

*Blakely Damascus Rowena Cedar Springs Colomokee
Jakin High New Hope
Springfield Lucile Sawhatchee Bethel Byron Cuba..
Gordon Hilton Langston
Sardis Union
White Pond Cannon
Centerville Freeman Liberty Hill
Pleasant Grove RockHill

Total

.

9 9 8 9 ___ 9
9 8
8 8 8 7 7 7
7 7 7
7 7
7 7
7 7 7
8 9

amc
0)
cd K
13,345 3,780 3,240 3,105 3,555 3,240 2,680 2,680 1,840 1,840 1,050 1,050
980 560 1,050 980 1,050 580 1,050 420 490 490 490 420 560

7+ $50,697

s
o

i
a

si

a

a0

GO

c

53

P as

53

16 11 14 14

5 10 5 4

6 10 5 5

4 10 4 4

4 10 4 4

4 10 4 4

4 10 4 4

4 10 4 4

3932

3932

2

22

2

22

2

21

2

11

2

21

2

21

2

21

2

21

2

22

14 4 1 2 3 2 4 3 2 1 1 2 .. 2 _. 1 .. 1 2 .. 2 ._ 2 ..

T
1 1



BO

469 B C B A

171.. C C C

156

AC

158 E C D

146 C B C

149.... C A D

141. _ E D C

116.... E B D

100

BD

116 E D D

72 E B D

39 E A D

58 E C D

40... C C E

72 62

D D

c c

E O

86... D c E

64____ E c C

45 E B C

24 E D D

30 D C E

28 A C C C

47 E C D

36.... E D E

35 A A C D

67

73 63 10 55 18 32 -15 2,460. D- D D +

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

29

RECORD OF EARLY COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor.

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total

Ti67 264 330 312 263 196 214 167 112 52 28~ 2,405

Number Accelerated.

7 7 18 7 10 5 17 7 6 2 6

!M

Number Normal

341 151 175 138 126 94 80 80 45 31 18 1,279

Number Retarded

119 106 137 167 127 97 117 80 61 19 4 1,034

%Accelerated %Normal

1 2 6 2 3 2 8 4 5 4 21

3

73 56 53 43 48 48 37 48 40 60 64

52

^Retarded

26 42 41 55 49 50 55 48 55 36 15

45

S^:::::::::::::::::::::
Med. Retardation

7.1
0-1

08.-e6

09..66

n1..15

n0..99

12.9
0.9

UA 1.4

M.9 0.9

W.I LI

ie.6
0.5

ie.7-

REPORT ON SURVEY OF EARLY COUNTY BY

E. A. Pound. Early county has twenty four white schools and thirty eight colored schools. The term for white

children varies from seven and nine months in the rural schools and us nine months in the city schools

ofBlakely. The term for colored children is twenty weeks plus.

,, .nj

During the past few years this county has made the following consolidations: Oolomokee.Spring-

field; Jakin, Damascus and Rowena. These schools represent eleven original schools The Program of the present superintendent-a ten year program-contemplates the reduction of the number of white

schools to ten within the next years.

The following recommendations are made:

.

.

12 The carrying out of the program of consolidation as stated by the present superintendent re-

2.

ducing the number of white schools to The erection of at least one Rosenwald

ten. school

for

the

colored

population

as

a

modj,,el,fo,,r,o,,tthi,e,,rs0.

3. The extension of the length of term in all schools, if possible.

4. The payment of better salaries to all deserving teachers.

,,,,,,,,,,+

5. The attendance upon summer schools of those teachers who have not the requisite amount

7. Thercufy o^Btakely^af a splendid high school to which all the rural high school pupils may come. This without charge on account of the school's receiving the Barrett Rogers Fund of $1 000 This county has too many schools--seventeen in all--teaching pupils m the eigntn grade. The county should have three or four good junior high schools, but seventeen such schools are too many. It would be better if more of these pupils were sent to Blakely to the
senior high school of the county. 7. Better equipment in all schools.

wmmmmmmmmm

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education
N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Act of October 3,1917, authorized October 5,1923.

Vol. 1

Atlanta, May 1, 1924

No. 13

NO WORTHY TEACHERS NEED FEAR NEW FORM CERTIFICATION.

One of the rumors that has gone abroad concerning the System of Certification was that great injustice would be done worthy teachers who have been in service for many years and who would not have sufficient time either to present evidence that would enable them to convert their present certificate into the new form or else would not have sufficient time to prepare for an examination. We have assured all of these that the State Board recognizes fully these facts and that no injustice will be done any teacher in Georgia on account of putting into operation the new form of certification. The whole plan is more to take care of the future, and will be so directed. The Board recognizes fully and completely the fact that Georgia has not given opportunity for training a sufficient number of teachers, that these teachers are now in service. Every means will be provided in training them both along academic and pro-
fessional lines to be better teachers.

We are indeed glad that the State Board reiterated this in a statement below and every worthy teacher may be assured and have no fear whatever that upon the recommendation of her superintendent certifying to the fact, that she has not the time in which, either to prepare for an examination, or to collect and present all the data concerning her scholastic and professional training, but that her present certificate win be extended for one year, giving the teacher every opportunity either to make the necessary preparation or else to present the necessary certificates of educational qualification.

EXCERPTS FROM STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION ACTS AND DECISIONS MAY 23.

That in case any teacher whose certificate should expire the present year who did not have an opportunity on account of the shortness of the time either to submit evidence of her educational and professional training, or would not have sufficient time to prepare for the State Examination, then upon the recommendation of the Superintendent of Schools certifying to this fact, the certificate held by the
teacher would be extended for one year by the State Superintendent of Schools.

it

Also the Board appointed Dr. R. W. Weaver, Mr. E. E. McCarty and Mr. J. H. Saxon to cooperate with th- following Committee from the Georgia Education Association, Prof. R. H. Powell, Dr. T. J. Woofter,

Dr J G Harrison and Supt. Willis Sutton and the following named educators, Chancellor D. C. Barrow,

Supt Ralph Newton, Supt. Roland Bower, Prof. E. H. Scott, Dr. Ralph Wager and Miss Katherme Dozier

to recommend to the Board just what should constitute eighteen semester hours work m education,

how much credit should be given to each subject and the minimum of professional work required to be

completed by the teachers within the three years (Ufe of the certificate) towards professionalizing her

certificate.

In the case of the Alton Forehand appeal from the decision of the Board of Education of Bulloch County, the Board sustained the ruling of the State School Superintendent, which was that the local Trustees in cooperation with the County School Superintendent could recommend the dismissal of a teacher which upon appeal to the County Board was confirmed as a legal dismissal.

Upon the appeal of M. H. Williams, County School Superintendent of Candler County, the deci-
sion of the Board was as follows:
"That the action of the State School Superintendent in suspending Mr. M. EL Williams as Superintendent of the Candler County Schools be approved on the basis of a technical violation of the law and that the suspension terminate at the next meeting of the Candler County Board of Education.

GEOBGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
On the appeal of the Long County Board of Education against the Liberty County Board from the decision of the State School Superintendent, which was that Long County was due Liberty County Board one-half of the unpaid notes made for the purchase of desks before the division of the county and equally distributed in both Long and Liberty. His decision was sustained by the State Board.
SUPERINTENDENTS' AND SCHOOL OFFICIALS" CONVENTION.
A splendid program has been arranged for the convention of Superintendents and School Officials to be held at Athens on July 8th and 9th. On the morning of the 8th the entire program will be introduced by a triumvirate of excellent talent, consisting of Chancellor D. C. Barrow, Dr. Rufus W. Weaver, and Dr. Harvey W. Cox. This will be followed by a brief report of the President and an address by Governor Clifford Walker.
The whole program will center around "equal educational opportunity for all of the children of Georgia" and with this slogan: ' 'All Georgia for her Children and the children for a greater Georgia."
In the afternoon Judge Andrew J. Cobb and Judge Richard B. Russell will deal with the legal side of the financial support of the school system, especially with the effect of the "Hanks, Commissioners, Vs. D'Arcy" decision and just to what extent we may expect this to be helpful in developing a strong financial support of the schools.
Also in the afternoon program the General Assembly will be represented by Hon. J. W. Culpepper and Hon. George W. Lankford respective Chairmen of the Appropriations Committee of the House and Senate and by Dr. J. C. Beauchamp and Hon. H. H. Elders, respective Chairmen of the Committee on Education of the Senate and House.
The evening program will center around Dr. A. E. Winship's address on "The Schools of Today and Tomorrow."
At the same time we will be honored by the presence of the four former State School Superintendents namely, Dr. G. R. Glenn, Dr. Jere M. Pound, Dr. M. L. Brittain, and Dr. M. M. Parks, who will address the Convention.
On Thursday morning the first address will be by Judge W. A. Covington who will deal with the losses and waste in the common schools of Georgia and will be answered by Mr. O. B. Gibson, whose subject will be "Waste on account of Health"; Mr. Willis A. Sutton, "Waste on account of failure to enroll and lack of attendance'^; Judge J. E. D. Shipp, "Waste on account of maintaining small, one-teacher schools;" Supt. R. B. Bower, "Waste on account of inefficient teachers"; Supt. J. M. Starr, "Waste on account of lack of supervision"; and Supt. J. W. Bivins on "Waste on account of Financial Operations."
The above program will not develop any great opposition. We are all agreed upon their needs. We might differ only on ways and means to correct them. On two other questions, as the Savannah conference indicated, considerable difference of opinion exist.
First,--Should Boards of Education be elected by the people?
Second--Should Superintendents of Schools be elected by a vote of the people and required to be residents of the county two years previous to their election?
Both sides of these questions will be represented by able speakers and a lively debate may be expected. I am sure it will be for I have not yet forgotten the Savannah Conference.
Opportunity will be given to a general session in the afternoon on Thursday, to discuss such subjects as may be brought up and reports upon Committees' resolutions and other Committees. This will be a free for all discussion.
Members of this Convention consist of Superintendents of Schools city and county, members of Boards of Education city and county, Trustees of Schools and School Districts, and all others engaged in School supervision and oversight.
The whole program will be interspersed with music.
Athens promises sufficient hotel accommodations for all who may come. The following reservations have been made for those who attend this convention:
The Georgian Hotel reserves 100 rooms at the following rates: four in a room $1.00, without bath; three in a room $1.25; two in a room, $1.50; advance reservations should be made at the Georgian.
The Marion Hotel will reserve places for thirty people; the Clayton Hotel for forty people; the Graham Hotel for twenty people; and the Athens Hotel for forty people. Meals can be had at the Hotel or numerous cafeterias.
If you will write Dr. J. E. Stewart, Athens, Ga., he will make reservations for you.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

'<

SUMMER INSTITUTES FOR TEACHERS.
The summer schools authorized last year by the General Assembly will begin on Tuesday, July first, and end with the state examination on August 1st. In all there will be thirteen of these schools, the twelve District A. & M. Schools and one at Ellijay. The respective principals of the District Schools will be in charge at their schools. At Ellijay, Mr. W. P. Martin, superintendent of the schools at Dublin, will be the principal. However, until the opening of this school Supt. F. E. Pettit, Ellijay, Ga., will be in
charge.
Five regular instructors will be assigned to each school. One of these will be a specialist in primary methods one in English, one in Arithmetic, and one in Geography. The fifth will be an all round good school man and will handle subjects not otherwise assigned and will deal with school problems and school organization. In addition to these intsructors there will be some thirty people who will form an itineracy spending from one to five days at each school. Among the subjects taught by these itinerant instructors will be Penmanship, (Zaner-Bloser Method), Spelling, (Mastery of Words), Arithmetic, (very interesting and instructive), Health in its different phases, History by one who has achieved wonderful success in this subject, and numerous other subjects, all interesting. The five State Supervisors will make the circuit inspecting the work done in the schools as well as aiding in teaching. The general plan will be to teach the students how to teach, rather than add to their scholastic attainments. The students will observe Master Teachers.-just how lesson plans are made and how these plans are used by teaching the students, or an actual class in the practice school. Toward the end of the term the students will develop type lessons, make plans for the same, and teach these either to a class of their fellow students, or
in the practice school.
The question will be asked, just who should attend. Certainly all those who will teach next year, who have had little or no experience, and all elementary teachers would be greatly helped in observing Master Teachers as they present type lessons.
Full credit will be given to students finishing the term and a record of each teacher will be filed with the Department of Certification which will be of value in professionalizing certificates In the fu-
ture.
The entire cost for the five weeks will be twenty dollars,-sixteen dollars for board and four dollars incidentials, to be paid to the school. Included in this will be the one dollar charged for state cer-
tificates.

I*

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

Population

ELBERT COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

13,178

10,726

23,904

7.413

5,750

2,260

195

13.0

1910

12.041

12,082

24.123

7.653

4,981

3,660

430

21.8

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yis.

White

1918

3,305

1923

3,564

Personal $1,647,871

Grade
Total Number^Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

Colored

Total

White

3,223 3,256

6,528

26

6,820

10

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
128 40

Total
154 50

Land

Corporation

$3,376,000

$889,975

1

Age-Grade Retardation

Polls $3,685

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Total

652 369 380 375 296 322 286 196 99 92 17 7 13 11 3 7 3 3 3 1
440 190 164 158 SI 117 73 65 53 54 195 172 303 206 202 198 210 128 43 37
3233121231 67 52 43 42 31 36 25 33 53 59 30 46 54 55 68 62 74 65 46 40 7.3 8.9 10.2 11.3 12.7 13.4 14.8 14.9 15.8 16.8 0.3 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.8 0.9 0.8 0.8

56
41 15
73 27 17.6 0.6

7
3 4
40 60 19.1.
1.1

3,130 68
1,449 1.613
o
46 48

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF ELBERT COUNTY BY
W. B. Hill & M. L. Duggan, Supervisors, April, 1924.

SCHOOL

Elberton

Bowman

1st Consolidated

Beulah

Centerville

Middleton

i>

Butler Cooley

Deep Creek

Dewey Rose Evergreen _

Flat Woods

Fork Creek

Fortsonia

Goss

Harmony

Heardmont

Hudson

Hulmenille

Locust Tree...

Mont e\ ideo

Rock Branch

Ruckersville

Smith's

Wilhite

Antioch

Bell

Coldwater

Dry Fork

Holly Springs

Indian Hill

OakHUl

Oglesby

Petersburg

Savannah

Stella

Thirteen Forks

Gibson-Mercer

ato

CO

o

CD

o

Ta j



3

0

CO

S5

CO

9

M
f0l>
CJ

aCO
ius

a ca
H0) ,

6 fe

M

aa

+ +j

CD a

>>

CD a

w

a)

CD C

0

CD

Co

O

6W do CO fc a

waH

3
CO

CO
0 i go <m

Satis Unsatis

9 23,606 28 12 84

23

7

9 1.278 4 7 4

3

2

6

1.560

594

3

2

6 1.755 3 10 3

3.

1

8

1.300

3 10 3

3

3 _,

8

1,600

393

3

6

720 2 7 2

2.

1

6

560

O 82

1

1

6

600 2 8 2

2

6 1,020 2 8 2

1

1

6

546

0821 1 1 12

6

960 2 10 2

6

540

092

22

6

780 2 8 2

6

840

292

.. 1

6

758 2 8 2

12

6

870 2 7 2

6

810

992

6

660

092

12 ._ 1

6

690

2821 1

.. 2

6

810 2 8 2

6

600

282 1

6

650

2821

11 22

6

366 2 7 2

6

1.440

2 8 22

22 2

6

340 1 7

1

1 ._ 1

6

348 1 7

1

1

6

306

17

11

6

276 1 7

1 ... 1

6

450 2 7

1 ... 1

6

276

17

11

6

306

17

1

7

560 1 9

1

6

306 1 7

1 ... 1

6

276

17

1

6

240 1 7

1

6

306 1 8

1

9 6.000 7 11 7

1048 A

AA

164 B

B 1!

112 D

AA

71 E

DE

152 D

BC

74 D

DD

84

DD

77

DD

65 D E C C

70 C D C B

67.... E D D

58 E E D D

48.... E D D

94

E DD

55 C E D D

72 D E D D
29 E e D

54__,,. D D D

73 D E D D

67 C E D C

107 E E C D

105 E E C D

24

E DD

56 D E D E
86 E B C D

42 D E D D

29 E D D

38

CD

28.... E C D

48 D D D D

19

E DD

33 D ... D D

36 E E D C

40

E DE

18.__- E D E

12 E D D

33___. E D D

88_...

Total

6+ $ 55.299 106. 91 56 35 74 17 41

.3282 E+D--D+

REPORT ON SURVEY OF ELBERT COUNTY. BY
W. B. Hill and M. L. Duggan.

1. Elbert County has more schools than are needed. If the number of schools were reduced, the schools would be larger and more efficient work could be done. At present the time of the teachers is divided between a large number of grades, so that little time can be given to any one grade. The number of children in one grade is small, as a rule, in the case of the sixth and seventh grades. Where a school

6

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON SURVEY OF ELBERT COUNTY (Continued)

has one child in the seventh grade he takes practically as much of the teacher's time as if there were six children in the grade. Under the present system, the children in the lower grades are not getting the proper attention. And the majority of the children are in the first four grades.
2. It is therefore recommended that the schools be consolidated as follows: At Dewey Rose--Goss, Locust Tree and Deep Creek. At Middleton--Longstreet and Pearl. At Fortsonia--Bell and Hudson. At Rock Branch--Coldwater, Monte^ ideo and Sa\ annah. At or near Concord Church--Centen ille, Thirteen Forks and Harmony. At or near Mr. J. M. Hulme's place--Ruckers\ ille, Evergreen and Mattox. This school should
be located near the crossroads. At Bowman--Fork Creek, Smith's Butler, Holly Springs, and Harris. At or near Oglesby Station--Oglesby, Dove Creek, Antioch and QU\ er. At Nelms--Petersburg and Flatwoods. If the schools are consolidated as above, fewer teachers will be needed to take care of the present enrollment. It is probable, however, that the consolidated schools will have more pupils enrolled and attending than the old schools. This has been the experience of other counties. Only by consolidation can Elbert County hope to place Junior High Schools within the reach of the country boys and girls. Provision will have to be made, in some cases, for transportation of pupils. Some new buildings will be needed and remodelled to secure the proper amount of light, classroom space, and ventilation. The First Consolidated School in Elbert County stands as an object lesson and as an unanswerable argument for further consolidations in the county. Similar educational opportunities should no longer
be with-held from the children in other parts of the county. 3. It will take more money to give Elbert County the school system that it needs and should hav e.
At present the county tax rate is 14.5 mills, of which 2 mills goes to the schools. Contrast this with the State, which gives half of its income to the public schools, and appropriates money in addition to this, for the normal schools, colleges, and district agricultural schools. The county should carry its part of
the public school burden. 4. The work of the county superintendent and his assistant is to be commended, especially in the
teaching of letter writing in the schools, and in health work. In the health work, emphasis has been
placed on the proper care of the teeth. 5. Twenty one of the districts levy some local school tax. This is to be commended, but more ef-
ficiency could be secured by having a higher county tax rate for schools, rather than relying on district
tax. 6. The Elberton High School deserves praise for its excellent work in safeguarding the health of
pupils. A registered nurse is employed, who gives her entire time to this work. The success of this work has been due to the co-operation of the parent-teacher association, the local dentists, and the city coun-
cil and board of health, with the superintendent and board of education. The school is also to be commended for its work in manual training and home economics, and for the
fine start that has been made toward a commercial department. The school has an excellent corps of
well-trained and experienced teachers. 7. At least one of the consolidated Junior High Schools in the county should have a teacher of
vocational agriculture. Financial aid may be secured from the State Board of Vocational Education for
this. Hart County has three schools with this feature. 8. In order that the school work of the girls may be more closely related to their homes and every
day life, it is recommended that a competent supervisor of home economics be employed to teach and supervise this work in all the schools. This work should include applied art. It will be impossible for every school to have a teacher for this subject, and the time of the home demonstration agent cannot be given exclusively to the schools. The work of the two county demonstration agents has been beneficial to the schools, but would be far more effective in ten consolidated schools, than it has been in 35
small schools.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

Population

COLUMBIA COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

3,467 3,124

8,251 9,198

11,718 12,322

3,612 3,839

2,351 2,245

2,341 2,694

284 295

27.6 30.8

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,016

1923

957

Personal $359,112

Colored

Total

White

2,671 2,554

3,687 3,511
TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

$1,553,516

$791,692

RECORD OF COLUMBIA COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor.

Colored
215 171

Total
217 177

Polls $1,266

SCHOOL
Appling Harlem High Harlem Grammar Grovetown Leah Winfield C ent ral Evans Marvin Calloway Sardis Berzelia Steven'sCreek
Total

03



1,760

9

3,690

9

2,070

8

2,440

8

2,880

9

2,760

8

1,600

8

1,600

8

1,440

8

1,160

8

800

8

400

8

480

- 8 $ 23,080

wa

siTig

CO M S

3 11 3 3

1

4 7-11 4 2 2 4

463211

4 10 4 1 3 2

5 10 5 5 --- 4

4 11 5 3 2 3

4 11 3 3

3

3 10 3 1 2 2

3 10 3 2 1 2

3 10 2 2 -- 2

2 72 1 1 1

151

1

1111

3

OS 0) M
03
do
55

II

s
aa

IS13

nw

2

63 C C C C

4 10 79 E B A B

1

115A+ B D C

10 2 72_ 7 ... 126_ ... 106_ 3 62 _

DCD
CBC
BCc Ccc

__. 74.

DD

80

BCD

33.... C A B

30 E B D

8 .... A D D

6.... C C C

41

39 26 13 26 13 15 29 15 854 C C+C+C--

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS COLUMBIA COUNTY (Continued)

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total

Number Accelerated

Number Normal

Number Retarded

%Accelerated

%Normal

'_

'^Retarded

MedianAge

Med. Retardation

162 86 7(3 102 96 77 57 64 52 42 16

830

19 397 18 58584

86

106 55 44 51 47 30 26 39 32 28 9

467

37 28 23 44 31 42 23 20 12 10 7

277

11 3 11 6 18 6 14 7 15. 9 ......

10

65 64 58 50 49 39 45 60 61 66 56

56

24 33 31 44 33 55 41 33 24 25 44

34

6.8 8.3 8.9 10.6 11.1 13.2 13.5 14.4 15.0 16.1 17.5

0.3

0.6 0.1 1.2 0.5 0.4

0.1 0.5

REPORT ON SURVEY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound.
The improvement in the schools of this county has been marked during the past few years. The development of a high school system coordinated throughout the county, the erection of a modern high school building at Harlem in order to take care of all the pupils of the senior high school of the county, and several consolidations are the outstanding features of the improvements noted.
The county has reduced the number of white schools to twelve. Six consolidations have been made and these six consolidations represent sixteen original schools. The negro population is about three times as large as that of the white, and hence, the number of colored schools is twenty seven at the present time. Nearly every white school has a Parent-Teacher organization.
The buildings of the white schools average higher perhaps than those of the average county of the state. However, the colored buildings are like the majority of those to be found in the other counties, and are, as a rule, mere make-shifts.
The length of the term for white schools also exceeds that of the average county, this being eight months in all the white schools except at Harlem where there is an accredited white school which runs nine months.
In addition to the senior high school at Harlem, there are eight other schools that are doing junior high school work. This number is too large.
Recommendations:
1. A continuation of the policy of the Board of Education in reference to centralization. 2. A continued improvement in the teaching personnel through attendance upon normal and
summer schools.
3. The erection of one or two Rosenwald buildings as a model for the colored race. 4. The erection of new buildings at Appling and Evans.
5. The installation of a truck route by way of Evans, Marvin, Grovetown, and Central to Harlem in order to transport senior high school pupils to Harlem high school. The installation of another route from Leah and Winfield via Appling to Harlem.
6. A continuation of the effort to improve the equipment in all of the schools. This county has already strengthened its libraries and will continue to improve all of the equipment of all of the schools.
7. The county wide tax which is now levied should be supplemented by the \ oting of an additional tax by the local districts.
By continued improvement in the preparation of teachers, in equipment and by the continuation of the present policies of the County Board, this county should eventually have one of the best systems of the state.

"
II

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

PAULDING COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total.

6-18 Years

Attending School

Over 10 Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

12.418

1,607

14.025

4,565

3,414

1,147

77

11.6

1910

12,536

1.588

14.124

4.344

2,810

1,694

170

17.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

3,560

1923

3,762

Colored

Total

497

4.057

455

4.217

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

White
44 36

Colored
19 7

Total
63 43

Personal
$590,656
Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded "^Accelerated f/oNormal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

Land

Corporation

Polls

$2,226,757

$793,735

$2,254

Age Grade Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX

XI

616 345 350 387 325 264 192 Ul 67~ 40 12

11 17 21 18 7 8 9 4 4

4

395 147 130 123 98 72 49 38 21 23

8

210 181 199 246 220 184 134 69 42 17

256523546

33

- 64 43 37 32 30 27 26 32 31 58 67

34 52 57 63 68 70 69 ' 62 63 42 .

7.5 9.1 10.3 11.6 12.7 13.9 15.0 15.5 16.3 16.1 16.4

0.5 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.5 1.3 0.1

Total
2,709 103
1,104 1,502
4 41 55

10

SCHOOL

Dallas

1

Hiram Jr. High

Burnt Hickory Jr. High

New Georgia

Wheelan

Bethel

Braswell

Carter

Concord

Cochran

High Shoals

McGarity.

Mt. Olivet

New Hope

Union

Willow Springs

Yorkville

Antioch

Burnt Mill

Camp Ground

Cross Roads

Crowsville

Dailey Grove

Friendship

Grady

Granger

Grant's Chapel

Harmony Grove

Hay

Hitchcock,. I

Hollis

Holly Springs

Joppa

Liberty

Oak Hill

Other.

Pumpkin Vine

Sweetwater

Vernon

Vinson

Total

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF PAULDING COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, April, 1924.

a
a)
"3
CO

9 $ 7,170

8 2,680

7 2,150

6i 1,349

7 1,319

7

865

8

840

6

800

6

750

6

891

7

910

6

780

6

410

6

831

6

750

6

780

6

780

6

300

6

351

6

285

6

351

6

300

6

330

6

300

6

350

6

390

6

270

6

345

6

300

6

351

6

351

6

390

6

351

6

240

6

405

6

350

6

300

6

420

6

300

6

405

-*->

n
ooB
d fc

ca aJ H
0

a>

aa

is

3

6 55 W

H
+
to 01

aa

>>

a
CD

ca

a

>>

o

1 4J dW do a
N rH 55 55 w

4-> O
o
X) CO

a

aCD Ma

t-4 a 3

0i
00

^g2o

<n

10 11 10 10 ... 10

7

425 B D A A

4 10 4 3 1 3 1

179 D D A A

3 10 4

4

140

E AA

493

21

89.... D D E

393

3

116 E

DD

2 10 2

2

70 D D D C

272

2

43,___ E D C

2

2

11

90

EDD

2

2

2 ____

3 .... 73

E DD

3

2

2

7

76

ECD

2

2

11

1

58,.,. 0

C

2

2

1 12

57____ E

D

2

2

1 1 ?.

85.... C

D

2

2

2

96____ E D D

2

2

2

21

69

E DD

2

2

2

?.

66_.__ E D D

2

2

2

1

90

EDD

1

48..__ D D E

1

1

32

C DE

1

1 .... 1

48..._ E D D

2

1

66

E DE

2

1

1

42

E DD

2

1 _ __ 1 1

45

EEE

1

1 _ __ 1 1

27____ E D D

1

1 1 ___. 1

42

E DD

3

45____ E D D

1

1

1

42

EE

1

1 _ __ 1 1

24

DE

1

11

1

43_.__

DE

2

11

1

55.... E D D

2

1 . .. 1 1

47

E DD

2

43

E DD

1

1

1

33___. E D E

1

11

1

26..__ E D E

1

1 .. 1

1

35____ E D D

1

1 _.

39___. E D E

1

44

E DD

1

1 .. 1

1

23_._. C D D

2

4

33

E DD

2

1 ..

35.... DDE

6+ $ 31,790 82 . 71 46 25 61 10 50 36 4 2739 D-- D D

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

11

REPORT ON SURVEY OF PAULDING COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan
The Georgia school laws indicate that a school district shall not be less than sixteen square miles. There are forty white schools in Paulding county, which is one to each eight square miles, or just twice as many as the law contemplates.
Very considerable progress has been made at a few places in the county through consolidations, better buildings, etc., and these stand out as significant arguments for further similar progress throughout the county.
Seventy one teachers serve the forty schools, but fifty of these are serving their present schools for the first time. Constructive work is hardly to be expected where changes of teachers are so frequent.
The records show that more than one thousand white children in the county have failed to enroll in the public schools during the current school year. A majority of the pupils who have enrolled are over-age for their respective grades.
None of the schools run less than six months, and a few of them are operated for seven and eight
months.

GORDON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

>

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

16,422

1,314

17,736

5,463

3,681

1,098

1910

14,505

1,356

15,861

4,607

3,275

1,335

85

8.7

137

11.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
4,761 4,888

Colored

Total

White

336

5,097

55

419

5,307

55

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored 16

Total
63 71

Personal $1,036,605

Grade

Total

-

Number Accelerated

Number Normal

Number Retarded

%Accelerated

%Normal

%Retarded

Median Age

Med. Retardation

Land

Corporation

$3,167,878

$754,054

Age-Grade Retardation

Polls $2,640

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX

XI

893 473 547 498 480 350 300 160

49 35

43

5 22 21 14 18

3

4

5

5

5

518 211 215 184 122 95 73 51 35 26 20

332 257 310 293 344 237 224 105 46 18 10

5

14

4

35

1

3

6 10 14

58 45 39 37 25 27 24 32 41 53 57

37 54 57 59 72 68 75 65 53 37 29

7.5 9.2 10.3 11.5 13.1 14.1 15.1 15.8 16.2 16.5 17.3.

0.5 1.2 1.3 1.5 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.2 0.5 0.3_

Total
871 145 550 176
4 40 56

w

12

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF GORDON COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, Supervisor April 1,1924.

SCHOOL

a

o

a

M

>>

3

3 60

S a
6a a

fi a03

3 oo
03 P SS

f03ew o3
do
S<5

lBO

p.
3

nw

*Calhoun Sonoraville Fairmont Plainville Resaca Echota HiUCity RedBud Sugar Valley Antioch Audubon Belcher Blackwood Curryville Damascus Fairview Liberty Midway NewTown Oakman Oostanaula Pine Chapel Starr Inst Ranger Printup Pleasant Hill BaughMt Belmont Bobo Cedar Bluff Coosawattee Crane Eater Donaldson Edgewood Forest Hill Lily Pond McDaniel Mitchell Mt. Olive Mt.Zion Oak Grove Pea Ridge Reeves Refuge Roland Hill Ryo Savannah Springhill

9 .2,150 14

11 11

9

2 1 30 510 B C A A

.

8 4,400 6 11 6 6

4

3 ... 3 213 D E A C

9 4,275 6 11 6 6

5

3 5 10 217 O C D B

7 2,205 4 10 4 3 1 3

2

159 D E A B

6 1,500 4 9 4 . ... 4 3

2

164 E E D D

8 1,720 2 7 3

13

3

124 D C A D

6 1,200 3 9 3

12

1 ... 3 70

DD

7 1,435 3 9 3

22

2 2 1 117 D E C C

7 1,400 4 9 3

2 3 ...

1 .... 116 E D D

6

630 2 8 2

1 2 ._.

86 E E A C

6

480 2 7 2 . 2 1 1

1 --. 56.__. E D D

6

450 2 8 2 _ 2 1 1

64 E D E

6

570 2 7 2 1 1 1 1

42.__. E D D

6

720 2 7 2 1 1 2 ...

66_... E D B

6

690 2

2 2 . 2 ...

88 E B C

6

720 2

2 ..

11

83 E E D E

6

510 2

2 ..

2 ...

64.... E D D

6

540 2

2 ..

2 ...

81 E D D

6

750 2

21

11

3 ... 72 E D C

7 1,050 2 10 2 1

2 ...

107 E D D

7

945 2

2 2 ... 2 ...

71.... E D C

6

750 3

2 2 ... 2 ...

79 E D C

6

540 2 8 2 1 1 1 1

76 E D c

8

840 2 9 2 .. _. 2 2 ...

68 D D D c

6

570 2 7 2 2 .__ 1 1

82 D E D D

6

510 2 7 2 ...

11

77 E E D c

6

420 2 7 1 1

1 ...

46 E D c

6

240 1 7 1 _.. 1

41 E C D

6

240 1 6 1 ... 1 1

36 E D D

6

330 1 6 1 ... 1 1

36... . E D E

6

270 1 7 1 ... 1 1

50... B E D

6

270 1 6 1 ..... 1 1

38 E E D D

6

270 1 7 1 ..... 1 1

41... E C D

6

240 1 7 1 ..... 1 1

82... C D D

6

240 1 7 1 ..._. 1 ._. 1

23... E E E

6

240 1 7 1 ..... 1 1

30_._ E E E

6

450 2 7 1 1

1

39... .... D C

6

330 1 7 1 1

1

34... E D D

6

270 1 7 1 .. 1 __. 1

29... E D D

6

270 1 6 1 -. 1 1

50... E E E

6

420 2 6 1 1 .... 1

40... B D D

6

270 1 7 1 .... 1 1

42_._ E D D

6

360 2 7 1 1

1

55... D E D

6

240 1 7 1

1

31... C D D

6

270 1 7 1

1

31... E E E

6

270 1 6 1 .... 1 1 .

30... B E E

6

330 1 7

1

1 ..

6

240 1 7

1 ..

30.... E C E 39... E D E

^^^n|^^p^pj

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

13

*Sugar Valley Thomson Timm's Ohapel Union Grove Watsonville

RECORD OF GORDON COUNTY (Continued)

7

360 1 9 1

]

l

6

240 1 7 1

]

.l

6

240 1 7 i

:.

L1

6

240 1 5 l

'.

L1

6

240 1 7 l

.

L1

37 E D E 35_... E D D 43 E D D 28 E D E 23.._. E D D

Total

6+ $49,380 112 ....104 52 52 77 27 68 43 49 3,931.... E+ D D

REPORT ON SURVEY OF GORDON COUNTY. BY
M. L. Duggan.
Some good constructive work has been accomplished for the public school system of Gordon County-
much remains to be done yet. The best arguments to be offered to the citizens of the county in favor of the consolidation of the
"little schools" are the several very successful consolidations already effected in the county and a comparison of these with the larger number of inefficient little schools still wasting the taxpayers money and the time and opportunity of their children. The attempt to maintain so many schools impairs the efficiency of all. There are over fifty white schools in the county, averaging one to less than ten square miles territory, while the minimum school district prescribed by Georgia school laws is sixteen square
miles. These schools are served by 104 teachers, exactly half of whom hold "unsatisfactory certificates".
More than half of them are serving their present schools for the first term, indicating too frequent changes
for any constructive work. Of the 4,888 white children of school age only 3,931 were enrolled in the schools during the current
year. Fifty-six per cent of the pupils of the county are much over-age for their grades, which shows that
they do not begin and continue in schools at their normal ages or else that they are not making normal
progress through the grades. If a hearty public sentiment will support the administration in plans for further consolidations the
system can be greatly improved.

Population

CLAYTON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

6,153

5,006

11,159

3,462

2,294

1,181

121

14.3

1910

5,821

4,632

10,453

3,254

2,009

1,349

190

17.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,851

1923

1,935

Personal $656,357

Colored

Total

White

1,558 1,403

3,409 3,338
TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $1,771,647

Corporation $792,189

Colored
76 17

Total
85 19

Polls $1,465

14

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF CLAYTON COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor.

SCHOOL

Jonesboro

1

Forest Park

Ellenwood

Flat Rock

Lovejoy

Morrow

Mountain View

Pine Grove

Rex

Riverdale

Tanners

Bethel

Bethsaida

Fairview

Flint River Springs

Hebron

Howards

Mt. Zion

Noah's Ark

Philadelphia

Pleasant Grove

Union

Total..

Grade
Total Number Accelerated. Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med Retardation

ma
H 03
03 03

9 $ 6,450

8 2.240

7 1.015

8 1.322

9 1,215

9 1,200

9 1,080

7

785

7 1,015

9 1,215

8

840

8

520

7

595

7

455

6

240

7

350

9

585

8

600

7

350

8

680

7

455

7

280

ma
o o

o
9 11 4 10 29 28 29 27 27 27 28 27 27 17 28 17 17 15 16 27 17 17 18 16

1 09

IB O

<pD,aO>

M

+ M 033
03 b eg
9 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 211 22 22
1 1 1 ... 1 . ... 1 1 1 _.__ ... 1 . 1 1 ... 1 .

>>

OS

03 M

CG IS.2
03 ,

a
4J
Sofsftt
art 5.
CpqD HH

4

299 B B B A

5

184 B C C D

1

76_... D E D

3

99 D D E C

1

65 C C

C

16

48 D A

C

4

73 B D

C

62.... E D D

2

5 57

EAD

1 12 4 115--. C D C

1

47 C E D D

27... D D E

._ 5 1 55.__. E E C

4 ___ 41_.__ E D D

4

19

EEE

6

21

D

E

9

38____ A

C

12

35

BE C

2

23

E DD

10 3 52

CDC

1 1 44

CEE

17

EDE

7+ $ 23,487 44 42 33 9 31 11 24 95 19 1,497. -D+ D C+
Age-Grade Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

306 171 206 193 176 136 140 70 50 32 16

6 6 9 9 8 7 10 5 10 2 8

228 112 116 71 81 63 50 40 32 25 8

72 53 81 113 87 66 80 25

8

5

2 3 4 4 4 57

7 20

6 50

74 65 56 37 46 46 35 57 64 76 50

24 32 40 59 50 49 58 36 16 18

6.9 8.2 9 6 11 3 11.9 12.0 14 2 14 7 14.7 16 2 16.0

0.2 0 1 3 0.9 0.9 1 2 0 7

0 ?.

1,496 80
826 590
5 55 40

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

15

REPORT ON CLAYTON COUNTY SURVEY BY
J. O. Martin.
The County Spuerintendent of Schools here devotes his entire time and attention to his school work. The maj ority of his teachers are well trained, and their class rooms show a high degree of neatness, cleanliness, system and order. At Morrow, the two lady teachers actually took the children and reconstructed all of the double desks into single desks. It is evident that along with other duties the teachers are studying class room conveniences.
Jonesboro, as the county high school, is doing good work. However, several Junior High Schools are needed to serve as feeders. Hence, the consolidation of the following schools seems to be the county's greatest need: Bethel, Hebron, Flint River Springs and Noah's Ark should be consolidated with the Jonesboro school, at Jonesboro; the Mt. Zion and Pine Grove schools consolidated with the Morrow school at Morrow, and the Tanners, Ellenwood and Rex Schools at some central point.

Population

PUTNAM COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

4,729

10,421

15,150

785

2,906

2,806

299

25.6

1910

3,697

10,178

13,875

258

2,286

3,659

412

36.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

1,285

3,491

4,776

12

242

254

1923

1,450

3,084

4,534

119

119

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal $597,896
Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

Land $1,697,696

Corporation $386,847

Age-Grade Retardation

Polls $1,039

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX

X XI

155 ~~99 119 101 126 91 100 58 76 50 18

6

335 11

75351

119 59 76 58 73 51 59 29 48 32 18

30 37 40 38 42 33 36 26 23 17

3

325875562

77 60 64 57 58 56 59 50 63 64 100

_. 20 37 34 38 34 37 36 45 31 34

6.9 8.6 9.4 10.5 11.4 12.4 13.5 14.8 15.3 16.4 17.1

0.6 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.1

Total
993 49 622 322
5 62 33

16

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF PUTNAM COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor.

SCHOOL
*Eatonton Public Rockville Phoenix. Ararat Central Fairview Imperial Mill Ramoth Salem Wesley Chapel Florence Friendship Hearnville Harmony Stanfordville Union Chapel Union Wright Academy

9 9 9 -- 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 -- 9 9 9 9 9

Tm3 "2
CO
$ 9,790 2,655 2,355 1,620 1,350 1,170 1,530 1,170 1,350 1,170 540 540 720 720 540 630 720 540

K9
W TM A "

12 11 10 9

5 10 4 4

4 10 3 3

2 10 2 2

2 10 2 2

2 10 2 1

3722

2921

2 10 2 2

2 10 2

1 10

1

17

1

17

1

19

_. 1

15

19

17

19



do

55

n

6

18 256 A+ B A A

2 4 4 97 D C C B

2 75 C E D

2 52 C C D D

3 54 C D C

41 D D C

100 E

D

36 A

D

60.... A

C

53_... C

C

21 E B

E

3 .... 16 B

D

1 ... 21 A C B

3 2 28 E B O D

21 C D C

35 E B D C

19 B C C

13 E C D

Total

9 $ 29,010 44 39 31 8 30 9 15 16 34 998.... C+O--C--

REPORT ON SURVEY OF PUTNAM COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith.
The schools in Putnam County are in good condition. Especially is this true, taking into consideration agricultural conditions in this county for the past few years.
I find all the -white schools of the county are run for nine months, and the patronage is good
throughout the term. The school at Eatonton is an independent system, hut is receiving $1,000 from the Barrett-Rogers
fund and gives free tuition to all high school pupils of the county. There is no arrangement made by the county board for the transportation of high school pupils in to the senior High School. I think it would be wise for the city system to become a part of the county system.
Recommendations: 1. That a county unit system be established. 2. That Eatonton, Rockville, Phoenix and perhaps two other central places be established as central places for further consolidations. 3. That the county board offer aid for transportation of high school pupils to the Junior and Senior high schools. 4. That the Board cooperate with the state Department of Education in procuring a Jeanes worker for the negro schools of the county.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

17

BUTTS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

5,739

6,586

12,325

3,808

2,842

1,469

131

16.1

1910

6,424

7,200

13,624

4,135

2,106

1,900

256

19.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

1918

1,843

2,334

4,177

6

1923

1,641

2,095

3,736

6

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
203 83

Total
206 89

Personal $573,388

Land

Corporation

$1,580,018

$1,270,519

RECORD OP BUTTS COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor.

Polls $1,897

SCHOOL
*Jackson Public Jenkinsburg Flovilla Iron Springs Pepperton Stark CedarEock Cork Fincherville Northville Sandy Plain Beulah Elgin Grady Oak Grove Union Point West Butts
Total

eSg
a

H ro

9 $ 11,650

8 3,560

9 2,655

7 1,960

9 2,385

7 1,540

7

875

7

875

7

875

7

875

7

980

7

525

7

455

7

300

7

490

7

280

7

525

7+ $ 30,805

CO

atn
Oo

W n

51 <D

7
w

d

S3 tn

125

13 11 12 12

10 2

6 10 6 5

51

4 10

4

4

4 10

224

47

3122

39

3

3

2 10

2 .... 1 1

2 10

2

29

2

29

2

38

2

27

1 -_-.

17

1

18

1 ..

27

1

17

1 _. 1

18

d

A

03 M > CO

32

CO

o'W do

BO

pq

3 16 325 B A C A

143 D B D D

89

CBB

98___. CAB

100 BAD

70 C-- C C D

59 C-- A D D

2

59 DAB

1

42_ E D D

50, . D D D

60. .. B E C

17. -. E D D

30_ ..DDE

3

19. .. B D--D

9 3 15. .. B C E

27 E E D

31.... D D D

53

49 42 7 38 11 20 39 25 1,234 C C--C--C-

18

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

BUTTS COUNTY (Continued)

Grade

Age-Grade Retardation
I II in IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded__, MedianAge Med. Retardation

198 150 154 138 132 119 110 90 50 66 ?1

9 8 6 6 16 2 1

21

152 115 87 92 78 79 69 52 38 47 16

37 27 61 40 53 34 39 37 12 17 4

'... 45441511

25

76 76 56 66 59 66 62 57 76 71 76

20 19 40 30 40 29 37 42 24 27 19

6.9 8.1 9.5 10.4 11.5 12.1 13.5 14.6 15.2 16.4 16.8

0.1 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.4

1,228 42 825 361 3 67 30

REPORT ON SURVEY ON BUTTS COUNTY. BY
J. O. Martin.
Jackson, the County seat of Butts County, is an independent system. The court recently ruled that the County Board of Education can not pay tuition for outside children entering there. This barrier has not done the schools of the county any good. It should be removed. It is unfortunate that Jackson is spending much money remodeling its present school building which is poorly planned, not safe from fire hazard, and the material used on the inside is cheap. A modern building properly planned, should replace this structure. Otherwise, the school is most excellent.
The building at Zion Springs Consolidated School and the one at Cork are well planned. All of the other buildings are of the old type and the majority of them should either be consolidated or remodeled. Neither teachers nor pupils can do effective work where conditions are as negative as they are in some of these schools. However the teachers, in most instances, have tried to beautify the rooms and keep
them clean. There are only four teachers outside.of Jackson who are not residents of Butts County. 48 per
cent of the teachers have no training beyond the High School. Here, as elsewhere, the te chers with the least professional training are teaching the most important grades--the primary.
The total years of teaching experience of the teachers is 219. The total number of sun er schools attended by the teachers is 42, the number of teachers attending summer schools is 22; 11 iave never attended summer schools. 19 teachers are serving their present schools the first year, and only five are teaching their first year.
The greatest needs of the county are: A County wide program of consolidation. A Senior High School. Tour Junior High Schools. More training for the majority of teachers. Full time supervision.

WILKES COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10

16-20

Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

8,116

16,093

24,209

7,177

4,840

4,148

422

23.2

1910

6,842

16,598

23,440

7,217

4,389

6,294

650

37.5

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

19

WILKES COUNTY (Continued)

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

2,062

4,507

6,569

1923

2,165

3,922

6,087

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

586

594

250

255

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$1,568,745

$4,017,580

$315,144

RECORD OF WILKES COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor.

$2,816

SCHOOL

Ui

>ft*

0

H

CO

M
fit

03

3M CD

aH

0

0

PS TJ

03

0


H
O

0
fe

ft
in m

OS oS ao is .2 <*%

a Pi
n

fe

*tWashingtonHigh *Washington Grammar Tignall Hague Danburg Metasville Rayle-. Tyrone BigCedar Broad Court Ground Ficklin FlorallHill Landberg Oak Grove Stony Ridge Tabor Aonia Bethel Celeste French Mills Mallorysville Mt. Moriah Norman Pierce Chapel Prather

9 9
9 9 9 8 9 9 8 8 8 8 '_ $ 8 8 8 8 8 ~~~ 8 9 8 8 8 8 8 8

10,900 5,805 6,156 2,556 2,002 1,772 2,227 2,205 1,080 1,152 1,116 1,152 1,029 1,123 1,188
972 907 453 432 810 576 432 453 504 640 720

6 8-11 7 7 ....

11 7 7 7 ....

9 11 8 8 .__.

4 10 4 3 1

3 11 3 3 .__.

3 93 2 1

3 10 3 3 ....

3933

1822

2 10 2 2

2

22

2

211

2 722

2 10 2 1 1

2 10 2 1 1

292 1 1

2 7 2 . ... 2

1 9 1 . ... 1

1711

1

11

2

11

241 1

1 71 1

1611

1811

2 10 1 1

613 7

150 A B

A

302A+ A

A

625

235 B C

A

3 11 ______ 115... E

D

3

83 A C

B

80. _ B

C

108. . B

C

81. . B

c

60. _ B

c

2 .... 2

42. . C

D

41. _ C

c

56. . c D D

39. _ E c c

2 .... 2 2
1

70. . B A B

70. _ C C B

66

EcD

44. _ . B D D

1

31__ . B C D

1

34. _ . B C C

28.. . B C C

30 D C D

25____ E C D

32 A O D

21.... E E E

19 .AACCE

21.... E A D

Smith's Mill

8

400 1 7 1 1

10 B D E

Smyrna

WarHill

tBeulah

1

8

576

1 71 1

8

504 1 6 1 1

288

2 10 2 2

30.... D C D 21.... C C E 47 E _. D

St. Joseph

5 3_

Total

8+ $ 50,130 76

t-Line School Building in Lincoln County.

73 61 9 53 17 27

1,991 A-- C C C-

20

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF WILKES COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor.

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

Age-Grade Retardation

I II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI

187 254 219 225 195 195 183 122 101 59

5 8 12 12 14 10 9 6 4 5

135 182 141 148 93 117 87 56 55 34

47 64 66 65 88 68 87 60 42 20

3355755448

72 71 64 65 47 60 47 46 54 57

25 26 31 30 46 35 48 50 42 35

7.2 8.0 9.3 10.1 11.7 12.5 13.9 14.9 15.7 16.6

0.2

0.3 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.6

43 2 34 7 5 79 16 17.9_ 0.9.

Total
1,783 614
1,082 614 3 60 37

REPORT ON SURVEY OF WILKES COUNTY. BY
E. A. Pound.
Wilkes County has twenty seven white schools, one line school, forty two colored schools, and the following independent schools: St. Joseph's Academy (Catholic), Shiloh (colored denominational), and Hodge Academy (colored.) All of the independent schools are in the City of Washington.
The large number of schools in this county is accounted for by the fact that county's lateral roads are not as yet in such condition as to warrant more than few consolidations. With the development of better roads in all parts of the country will come better schools.
Despite the fact that the financial conditions have been extremely adverse in this county for the past two or three years, this county is continuing to give an eight months term in all of the white schools, with the exception of six schools which offer nine months.
The county has entirely too many schools teaching high school subj ects. In addition to the high school at Washington which is a strong accredited high school, eighteen other unaccredited schools are teaching high school subjects with an inadequate teacher personnel, and inadequate equipment. The high school at Tignall is now applying for the accredited relation and if it continues to improve as it has recently, it will eventually be placed on the accredited list. With this exception the rural high schools are inadequately equipped, and are not prepared to do the work they are attempting to do. It is educationally and economically unwise to try to build up rural high schools at the expense of good elmentary schools. Four or five junior high schools should be retained, and the remaining high school pupils could be sent by the Board of Education to Tignall or Washington where they could be given adequate attention. Wilkes County is one of the oldest and best counties of the state and with the improvement in financial conditions this county will take an advanced step along the lines of educational improvement. The principal obstacle in this county is lack of funds.
Recommendations: 1. A continuation of the eight months term throughout the county for all of the schools ex-
cept for those now giving nine months. 2. The erection of one or two more Rosenwald Buildings as model buildings for the negroes. 3. The improvement of some of the white schools. 4. Consolidation or gradual absorbtion of several of the smaller schools. 5. The development of a five year building program. 6. The development of a definite improvement program. 7. The improvement of the teaching personel by attendance upon summer schools. 8. The reduction in number of high schools.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

21

BLECKLEY COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White 5,917

Colored 4,615

Total 10,532

6-18 Years
3,344

Attending School
2,176

Over 10 Years
1,780

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

16-20 Years
213

Per Cent 23.7

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

It)

1918

1,903

1,484

3,387

41

216

257

1923

1,948

1,542

3,490

10

117

127

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal
$783,334 *-Organized since 1910.

Land $2,055,274

Corporation $439,187

Age-Grade Retardation

Polls $1,648

Grade

Total

r

Number Accelerated

Number Normal

Number Retarded

%Accelerated

f

%Normal %Retarded

Median Age

Med. Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

422 195 212 209 157 126 96 113

24 18 5 11 11 13 5 2

276 101 99 90 69 58 44 62

122 76 108 108 77 55 47 49

5

9

2

5

7 10

5

2

65 52 47 43 44 46 46 55

30 39 51 52 49 44 49 43

7.0 8.4 10.0 11.1 11.9 12.7 13.9 14.8

0.4 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.8

79 6
28 45
7 35 58 16.2
1.2

65 3
34 28 4 53 43 16.7 L0.7

68 2
39 27
3 57 40 17.6_
0.6_

1,742 100 900 742 5 51 44

22

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF BECKLEY COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor.

SCHOOL
12th Dist. A. and M. *Cochran Public Cary Salem Bethany Purser Roland Bunker Hill Coombs Evergreen Rebie Smith Walker Davis High Hill Ruth Sunny Side tEmpire
Total t-Line School.

03 CO

9 11,790

9 13,570

7 2,030

7 1,960

7 1,435

7 1,505

7 1,505

7

980

7

980

7

1,015

7 1.015

7 1,050

7 1,015

7

560

7

560

7

560

7

560

7+ $ 41,090

a

CD

a

w&

3 S 5 *1

7 8-11 8

12 11 13

494

494

393

3

3

3

3

2

2

1

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

8

7

13 .... 11

4

4

1

2

3

2

3

2

1

1

1

2.

1

2

1

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

rt
CO 60
W do
53

pao . a ap.

go m

aH

2

2 181 E E A A

9 2 15 435 E B A A

2

134

DCC

2

148

DB o

85. __ . C D c

93... _ E D D

96. h. . E C C

66. _. . E 42.. _ . E 55. __ . B 75... _ E 61.__ . C

DD
cc
c c c

58... _ E

D

47. __ . E

D

39... _ E D D

37... . E D D

32. __ _ E E D

49... _ D __

52

54 48 6 40 14 32 24 18 1,733_ .. D-- C-- C--

REPORT ON BLECKLEY COUNTY SURVEY. BY
Geo. D. Godard.
The Bleckley County schools consist of 15 white and 15 colored. Three one-teacher schools (white) have been discontinued during the past three years, and one has been re-established in another place. The Carey school, in the northern portion of the county, a three-teacher school, has absorbed the New Bleckley School having two teachers and the pupils are being transported by truck.
Salem, a three-teacher school, has absorbed the Dykes School, having two teachers, and White's Chapel having one teacher, making a splendid four-teacher school which is now housed in a splendid new modern building. One truck is being used for transportation.
There are some consolidations which should be made in the near future. The Walker, Roland, and Bethany schools should be brought together at some central point. The Davis and Smith schools should be consolidated at Bailey's Park. The Coombs and High Point schools should be merged with the Carey and Salem schools. These consolidations will require some little time to be consummated, but the work should not be neglected.
The finances of the county seem to have been well managed, as the Board of Education is not in debt. As consolidations are made, modern school houses should be constructed. If the enlarged districts would vote a district tax for the purpose of supplementing the county funds, this assistance would promote the advancement of the schools.
COCHRAN.--
The Cochran Public School System consists of one white and one colored school. The white school is housed in a splendid brick building and the colored school in a new frame building. There is need that an arrangement be made with the county Board of Education whereby the rural pupils of high school grade shall have the opportunity of attending the high school for nine months, tuition free.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

23

KEPORT ON BLECKLEY COUNTY SURVEY (Continued)
The county high school pupils are admitted to the Twelfth District A. and M. School free. A goodly number of these pupils wish to attend the high school in Cochran for which ar rangements should be made.
TWELFTH DISTRICT A. AND M. SCHOOL.
The Twelfth District Agricultural and Mechanical School located at Cochran, Ga., Bleckley County has an enrollment of 181 pupils this year--a healthy increase over preceding years. The Students are registered from several different counties, and bring with them health, strength and life. The interest manifested shows that good management and good teaching are enj oyed in the institution.
The school plant consists of a large academic building consisting of seven class rooms, an auditorium, library, laboratory, and office, two dormitories with equipment, one dining hall and a principal's home.
The Academic work, Domestic Science, and the Teacher Training courses are being thoroughly done. The Agricultural part of the course is not neglected and is functioning well. Sev en of the teacher-training pupils of 1923 are teaching with satisfactory success.
Valuable improvements are being made from time to time giving the school an air of business.

CARROLL COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

27,486

7,265

34,751

10,970

8,512

2,832

239

11.3

1910

24,472

6,383

30,855

9,317

6,402

3,118

314

14.5

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

8,262

1923

8,761

Personal
$2,448,804
Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

Colored

Total

White

2,308

10,570

108

2,140

10,901

33

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
187 82

Total
295 115

Land

Corporation

$5,250,166

$761,276

Age-Grade Retardation

Polls $3,980

I II III
1,497 832 744 65 30 37 968 391 272
468 411 435 436
64 47 36 32 50 58
7.2 8.9 10 0.2 0.9 1

IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

858 787 740 683 533 292 280 134

51 25 24 19 13 6 16 9

375 285 294 196 185 117 148 59

432 477 422 468 335 169 116 66

6

3

3

3

2

2

5

6

43 36 40 29 35 40 53 44

51 61 57 68 63 58 42 50

11.0 12.4 13.3 14.5 15.7 16.2 16.7 17.9.

1.0 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.2 0.7 0.9_

7,380 295
3,290 3,795
4 44 52

24
SCHOOL
|4thDist. A. and M "fOarrnlltnn High "College St
Villa Rica High Bowdon Public Temple Burwell Roopville Tyus Veal Farmers Harmony Harris Lowell Pine Grove Sand Hill Cross Plains Friendship Hill Crest.... Liberty... Little Vine Melrose. Mt. Carmel
Mount..
New Chappell Oak Ridge. Pateville Pleasant Grove Rotherwood Sandy Flat Shiloh Star Point Story Oak Grove Oak Mountain. Reagan Reavesville Rocky Mount Russell High Sardis Siver Shady Grove Smyrna Strippling Walnut Hill. Banning Mill Bold Springs

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF CARROLL COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor.

n

a
H

7H 03

CO

En

CO

9 $ 10,700

9 10,945

9 8-470

9 3,775

9 7,335

9 7,330

9 3,780

6 1,560

8 2,650

7 1,750

6 1,260

7 1,080

6 1,050

7 1,015

6

960

7 1,085

6

840

6

300

6

285

5

375

6

300

6

210

6

420

6

360

6

330

5

250

fi

360

6

270

3

650

6

240

6

240

.6

240

6

426

6

390

6

660

6

690

6

630

6

570

6

510

fi

690

6

600

6

540

6

660

6

780

7

980

6

540

9

585

6

300

aen
o o PS
d
fc

4J
A
M PS
OS
H
en
C5D
OS
rH
O

4J

03

CD

Uo

ean

roM
CO o

3u

eg ftg
H

CO >>
OS

a

*H

PI

a O>S>?M,, O)
fj 0)

E-i en

6

53 oS

CO

i.
+ H tn
jD +J 03 CO

ft 03 os-3
1 +1 eSM'

o
M Pi

w N T-* rH

r<

CD
PS
+uJ ^C--D
J3 Id CO

CD
PS
CaD
0u3 O
CD
M
<

Pi

a 2>PI CD
o.

n

a3*
W

en

8 8-11 8 7 14 4 6

151 E E B A

11 7-11 10 10

913

51 320 D D A A

12 6 12 11 1 11 1 3

410 B B B A

8 6 6 6 -5 1 3

233_... C A B

12 11 10 10 10 9 9 9

8 2 4 2 14 464 D C B A

6 3 4 65 60 410

c AA

8 10 5 5

3 2 3 2 5 187 D B B O

4 10 4 4 .... 3 1 4 4 4 155.... D C D

4 10 4 4

3 1 4 5 2 198 E C B D

4 10 4 4

4

1 4 189 E E A D

4 9 4 3 12 2 2 3 1 182

E BD

4833

2 1 3 6 .... 118.--. E D E

3833

3

2

.... 117.-.. E C D

4 8 3 2 112 3

.... 103 E E B D

3933

2 1 3 4 1 177 E D C D

3 8 3 2 12 1 3 5 .... 91 E E B D

3 8 3 2 12 1 3

114

EED

17

.... 1 1

47.... E D D

18

1

1

2 37 E D E

7

1

1

1

60.... E

E

17

1

1

1

.... 50.... E E E

17

1

11

15.... B D E

17

1

1

4 ._.. 57.... D C E

17

1

1

.... 38.... E C E

17 17

11

1

1

11

.... 50.... E C E
.... 40.... E r> E

28

1

1

1

66

E DE

18 8

.... 1

1.

1 1 ...

.... 30-.. E D D
50-... E c E

17

1

11

36___. E D D

17

1

1 1 1 .... 30.... D D E

16

1

11

.... 27.... E E E

28

1

1

1

42.... D C E

17

1

1

1

.... 50.... E D D

2 8 2 1 1 .... 2 2

86

E CE

2 72 2

2

80.... E C E

2 8 2 112

1

62

E CD

182

2

22

.... 98.... E C D

2 8 2 1111 1

70_... C C E

4 8 ?, 1111 1

.... 81.... D 0 D

182 1 1

22

.... 72.... E D E

282 1 1

22

.-.. 56.... E E E

1 822

22

79

E 0D

2 9 2 1.1 2

4 1 108.... E c D

2922

112

.... 79 D E D D

1 822

2

1

82.... E D E

1511

11

.... 75.... E O D

1811

1

.... 50___. E D E

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

25

RECORD OF CARROLL COUNTY

Brooklyn

6

Center Point

4

Clem

6

Tallapoosa,.

6

Whitesburg

9

Antioch

6

Bethesda

6

Beulah

.. .

6

Camp Creek

6

Fair View

7

Flat Rock

.. 6

Hickory Level

7

High Point

..

6

Hulett

6

Indian Creek .

6

Jake Graded

.6

Kansas

_

6

Little Bethel

6

Lovells

6

Midway

6

Taylor

6

Union

6

Union Grove

6

Wayside

6

Wesley Chapel

6

West View

6

White Oak Springs

6

Whooping Creek

6

Bowden St. Nor. and Ind. Col. 12

Mount Zion _ -

9

Geo. D. Godard , Supervisor.

$ 450 270 330
1,190 1,890 540 540 570 720 945 600 750 540 360 540 600 660 525 480 390 360 360 240 300 300 420 360 210 13,800 8,270

1711

1 __r.

4

52.___ E C E

2811

11

21.... D D D

171

1

111

38 E D E

3 10 3 2 13

1

121 D O O

4 10 3 12 2 1 1 2 3 96 C O D

2822

2

2 .... 71 E D E

4 8 2 1111 ?,

71.... E E E

1 8 2 11

213

81.... E D D

2822

2

2

51.... E O E

2 9 2 112

12

91 E C E

2 7 2 2 .... 2

21

86___. E C E

2 8 2 11 2

2 5 2 95 E E C C

292

2 11 ?,

74...'. E D E

3722

1 1 ?.

50 E C C

2 8 2 2 .... 2

2

75___. E C E

3822

2

7

99 E C D

2822

2

3

86 E C D

2 7 2 1111 1 2

71 E D D

282

2

21

42_--. C C E

7 2 1111 2 2 .... 64 E D E

181

1

11

44 E D E

171

1

11

52 E D E

151

1

11

17 D D E

2811

1

1

50 D D E

171

1

11

34 E D E

1511

11

49 E E E

2811

1 ....

42 D D D

161

1

11

37 E D E

8 Jr. Coll 7 7 ... 7

123... D O B

8 11 9 9

7 2 5 .. .. 10 267

OBA

Total

6+ $ 116,826 214 200 159 41 136 64 118 153 156 7,572.. E+C-- D-- REPORT ON SURVEY OF CARROLL COUNTY

Geo. D. Godard.
The following are outstanding features of the schools of Carroll County:-- 1. There are too many schools. 2. The lack of reasonable consolidation in many places makes necessary the employment of too many teachers. Consequently the salaries of teachers are too low to make the work desirable for properly.prepared teachers. 3. The larger number of school houses are old and inferior, and are poorly suited for school purposes. 4. Good modern school buildings have been recently constructed at Bowdon, Villa Rica, Harris, High, Tyus, Pine Grove, Hickory Lev el, Star Point, Bowdon Junction, and Farmers High School. All of these conform more or less to the most modern design. 5. Good buildings which are yet incomplete are to be found at Russell High, Moran, Rotherwood, Indian Creek, Reagan, High Point , Camp Creek and Wayside 6. In the last four years the schools have been reduced by combination and consolidation from 101 to 73. Further reductions are planned during the ensuing year.
Recommendations: 1. The following schools should be abolished and the pupils sent to neai by schools: Mount, Little Vine, Sandy Flat and White Oak Springs. 2. The following schools should be combined for the purpose of making the sohool work better: a. Clem, Union, and Whooping Creek.

26

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON SURVEY OF CARROLL COUNTY (Continued)
b. County Line and Center Point. c. Tyus and Fairview (partially.) d. Oak Ridge and Rocky Mount. e. Siver and Bethesda. 3. All one teacher schools should be limited so far as practical to five grades, and the upper classes sent to nearby larger schools. 4 . Carrollton High School should be made the county high school, arrangements being made between the county board and city board for instruction of the rural boys and girls in said school. Junior High Schools should be maintained at Bowden, Burwell, Roopville, Temple, Tyus, and Whitesburg. 5. Senior High Schools should be run at Carrollton, Mt. Zion, and Villa Rica. (This work is also being covered at the Bowden State Normal and Industrial College, and the 4th District A. and M.) 6. While obstacles have prevented the rigid enforcement of the compulsory attendance law this season, careful attention should be given to this enforcement. 7. Further consolidations which will not entail transportation expenses to a great extent should be made in the extreme northern part of the county as well as the western and southern portions. In fact every part of the county is interested in this movement.
CARROLLTON.
There is in Carrollton one high school, taught by ten teachers including the superintendent, and the grammar school work is done in the College Street and Maple Street schools. The general management of the schools, the spirit of the teachers, and the conduct of the pupils are worthy of commendation. With the continuation ef good work the schools of Carrollton need not long be second to any in the State.
The work of the Bowden State Normal and Industrial Schools is to be highly commended for the spirit and standards maintained.
The results of the teaching force at the 4th District A. and M. school are highly commendable. Splendid physical improvements have been made during the past year which add to the beauty and utility of the plant.

Population

EVANS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

1920 *1910

White 4,123

Colored 2,412

Total 6,535

6-18 Years
2,168

Attending School
1,552

Over 10 Years
537

16-20 Years

Per Cent 11.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,434

1923

1,458

Personal
$486,495 *-Organized since 1910.

Colored

Total

White

1,023 931

2,457 2,416
TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $1,247,442

Corporation $226,095

Colored
43 49

Total
51 57

Polls $931

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

27

RECORD OF EVANS COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor.

SCHOOL
Claxton Bellville Jr. High Daisy Jr. High Antioeh Eason's Chapel Hagan Park View Sapp Sikes Beasley DeLoach Durrance Griner Pine Grove Rogers
Total....

ce "3
CQ

9 $ 10,800

8 3,200

8 2,800

6

870

6

750

8

880

6

960

6

720

6

690

6

390

6

420

6

360

6

420

6

360

6

330

a

[I

+
P 03

12 11 13 13

10

10 10 7 7 .

4

49

3

1

2

2

2

2

2

2

1

1

1 ..

11

1 ...

1 ...

a

>>
a! 03 W>

a

MO

03

go

55 55

n

15 461 D D A

3 145 E C B

2 ... 127 D D B

5 ___ 58

EC

3 ___ 33___ D D

20 1 72 D A D

66_ .. E C

48-- _ D D D

83... E C D

38-_- E D E

36... E D

37_._ E C

34-__ E C

29

EE

27_ E D

6+ $ 23,950 45 43 37 6 29 14 26 37 19 1,294_ _D-- C D+ Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

i n ni rv v vi vn vra IX X XI Total

Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

278 130 161 170 151 140 110 18 5 12 6 4 14 12 186 74 80 80 58 53 39 74 51 69 84 89 73 59 6 4 7 3 2 10 10 67 57 50 47 38 38 35 27 39 43 50 60 52 55 6.9 8.5 9.7 10.9 12.5 13.1 14.1 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.1 1.1

93 58 30 342 46 29 12 44 25 16 376 50 47 40 47 46 54 14.8 15.7 17.1 0.8 0.7 1.1

19 3 12 4 15 63 22 17.4. 0.4-

1,340 83 669 588 6 49 45

REPORT ON SURVEY OF EVANS COUNTY. BY
I. S. Smith. .
Within the last few years modern buildings, by bond issues have been built at Claxton, Bellville, and Daisy. These are in consolidated districts and good work is being done in the schools. There is much need of further consolidation in the county and the Board and Superintendent have good plans for this work in the future. The sooner this can be done the better it will be for the children of the county.
The educational tests given in the above schools were much more satisfactory than those given in the letter.

28

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

HEARD COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total OhUdren

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending School

Over 10 Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

7,756

3,370

11,126

3,586

1,986

1,401

108

18.2

1910

7,433

3,756

11,189

3,511

2,424

1,581

150

20.7

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

2,560

1923

2,551

Personal $319,667

Colored

Total

White

1,174 1,946

3,734

95

3,597

15

TAXABLE VALUE 1823.

Colored
69 17

Total
164 32

Land

Corporation

$1,114,574

$30,897

RECORD OF HEARD COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Goddard, Supervisor.

Polls $1,699

SCHOOL

Heard Co. High

Ephesus

Centralhatchee

Glenloch

Waresville

Antioch

Enon Grove

Glenn

Ridgeway

Rockalo

,

Simpson

Texas

Wayside

,

Welcome

Bethel

Camp Ground

Corinth

Sg

BJ

+

CO

CO

M

9 $5,330 6 11 6

6 1,440

4 10 4

8

1,520

3 10 3

8

1.760

283

7

1,520

3 10 3

6

660

1 9 2.

6

720 2

o

8

1,120 3

2

6

690 2 9 2

6

540

19

6

660 2 9 2 1

6

660 3 10 2

6

660 2

2

6

660

1

21

6

420 1

1

6

300

1

1

6

450 2

11

> a >> M TM*
3 a)

*q^4 >>

q a>



os ao a

5cQ a-3 o

*-> 6W do a

55 --t Z

K

a a s2 3 CO a

143 A-- C

A

148

E -B E

131 A-- C C D

144

ECC

69. D B C

86.. .. E

D

42.. ._ E

D

511. ._ C D D

69. ._ E B E

1

98.. ._ E E

1

n

EC

1 14 1 71.... C C

1

87.... E c

2

103 D E D

1

36.... E C

12

42

ED

... 15 3 29

CDD

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

29

RECORD OF HEARD COUNTY (Continued)

Davis Fain iew Friendship Frolona Harmony Liberty... Mt. Salem. Owensbyville Fine Grove Pleasant Hill Red Oak Riverside State Line Union WalnutBill Yellow Dirt JHogansv ille JMason IRoopv ille JVeal

_____

6

$ 240

6

300

g

360

g

300

g

360

g

420

g

300

g

210

g

300

6

240

g

300

g

300

g"

360

g

300

6

300

g

240

6

11

25

E DE

7

1

46

E DE

7

-- L 1

15

50. C C E

8

11

65. E B E

7

1

31. E D E

6

1

11

25

DDD

7

-- ]. 1

27. D C D

5

1 1..

12

KEE

8

-- ]

11

25

ECE

7

L1

1 ... 29. E D E

7

1

45. E C E

7

L1

30

C

E

7

1 __ . 1

30. D

D

7

113

41. D

E

6

-- .

1 1 3 .... 20. C O D

7

1 1 ..

26

E DE

15. A A A

21. E

13. A

37. E

Total t-Line Schools.
Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded '/(Accelerated %NormaJ '^Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

6+ $ 23,940 55

56 22 34 41 15 32 57 9 2.034_ _. D--C--D-

ARO Grade Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII

513 278 195 242 237 192 170 106

37 16

7 17 10

9

9

7

329 115 86 83 71 45 41 33

147 147 102 142 156 138 120 66

7

5

3

7

4

5

56

g4 41 44 34 30 23 24 31

29 54 53 59 66 72 71 63 -7.1 9.1 10.1 11.3 12.7 14.1 14.8 15.6

0.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.7 2.1 1.8 1.6

IX
45 2 18
25 4 40 56 16.1 1.1

XI

38 6 14 18
15 37 48 16.8 0.8

13 1 7 5 7 50 43 17.7. 0.7.

Total
2,029 121
842 1,066
6 41 53

REPORT ON SURVEY OF HEARD COUNTY. BY
Geo. D. Godard.
The white schools of Heard County number 33, of which 19 are one-teacher schools. These schools are located too near each other.
The topography of the county shows a broken surface divided by the Chattahoochee River and various creeks feeding the same. This is the principal reason for the numerous school centers. The people generally resist any idea of consolidation. However some useful consolidations have been made at Franklin and Ephesus. Further consolidations should be made as follows: (1) Walnut Hill, Rockalo and Fain iew; (2) Ridgeway, and High Point; (3) Antioch and Friendship; (4) Pine Grove, Centralhatchee, Riverside and Bethel.
The school houses, in general, are poorly fitted in form and lighting for school work. In many schools the equipment is meagre. Some real improvement is shown in the schools during the past three years.
The High School at Franklin is doing some good Senior High School work. High School pupils are coming by private conveyance to this school.
Recommendations: 1. The groups of schools mentioned above should be consolidated. 2. The enlarged districts should levy a local district tax to pay better teachers' salaries, and extend the school term, as well as provide better equipment. 3. Improvement of the roads of the county is a pressing need tending to improve the schools.

30

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

McDUFFIE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

Whits

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20

Years School

Years

Per Cent

1920

5,369

6,140

11,509

3,448

2,456

1,655

172

19.5

1910

4,338

5,985

10,323

3,158

1.580

1,492

181

19.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,454

1923

1,396

Colored

Total

White

1,705 1,847

3,159

57

3,243

6

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
163 57

Total
220 63

Personal $643, 127
"Thomson Dearing Boneville Central East Thomson Wrightsboro Avondale Columbia Mines Pine Grove SunnySide Union
Total
Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

Land

1

$1,919,095

Corporation $109,183

Polls $1,319

' RECORD OF MCDUFFIE COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, April, 1924.

9 $ 11,410

9 2,425

7

660

7

900

6

540

6

840

6

300

6

240

6

120

6

420

7

350

11 11 12 12 __._ 12 ... 4 6 9 6 6 .... 5 1 4

2 8 2 1111 2 8 2 .... 2 2 ... 1

2 6 2 1 1 2 __.

2 9 2 1111

17 11 _.._ 1 _..

171

1

]

1 7 1 .... 1 1 ...

1 9 1 _.__ 1 1 __.

3 8 1 .... 1 1 ...

441 A C A A

244 D D C D

39.. E E D

56 D E C D

65 _ E D E

44. C C D

28. D C D

17. D E D

10. E E D

42 _ E

D

33 _ E

D

8 $ 18,205 32

31 22 9 27 4 14

1,019. D-- C-- D +

Age Grade Retardation

II III IV

VI vn vra K X XI Total

200 100 131 147 93 83 81 61 49 24 28

997

9

4 14 10

4

3

4

31

52

144 52 64 61 36 34 28 25 23 17 21

505

47 44 53 76 53 46 49 36 23

6

7

440

4

4 11

7

4

4

5

64

5

72 52 49 41 39 41 35 41 47 71 75

51

24 44 40 52 57 55 60 59 47 25 25

44

6.9 8.7 9.6 11.1 12.4 13.2 14.5 15.3 15.9 16.3 17.3.

0.7 0.6 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.3 0.9 0.3 0.3.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

31

REPORT ON SURVEY OF McDUFFIE COUNTY. BY
E. A. Pound.

This county has the unusual distinction of being entirely out of debt. The number of schools in this county has been greatly reduced during the past few years. Four consolidated schools have developed from thirteen original schools. The authorities wish to reduce the present number of schools--ten--to seven eventually. The majority of the high school pupils of the county attend the high school at Thomson, this being the county high school, so designated by the County Board of Education and re-
ceiving $1,000 under the Barrett-Rogers Act. At present there are in the county four one-teacher schools, three two-teacher schools, two three-
teacher schools and one six-teacher school. Thomson has a fine school under a separate system which is doing a good work for the rural high school pupil, in addition to serving the adolescents of the city.
The negroes have 24 schools. These as a rule are inadequately manned and in poor buildings.
The following recommendations are made: 1. An issue of bonds all over the county for the erection of six or seven good school buildings to supplant those now in use. This issue for the whole county need not be more than $40, 000, which amount would give every necessary white school a good building. The number of white schools is so small that if McDuffie would follow the example set up by Pulaski County in this particular the county would have first class buildings for its white schools and could erect a Rosenwald building to serve as a model for the colored schools. 2. The improvement of teachers by attendance on summer schools. 3. The length of term is six months in the average school. This should be increased as soon as possible. There are one or two schools teaching one pupil in the eighth grade. These schools should see that this pupil is sent to a good senior high school where he can be given plenty of time and where the time now given to him can be devoted to grammar grade pupils by the teacher. Further consolidation until the number of schools is reduced to six or seven for the entire
county. 6. Issue of bonds to erect good buildings for all the white schools in the county, or else the
supplanting of some of the present buildings that are now used by better ones under some
other plan.

GLASCOCK COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

13

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

2,991

1,201

4,192

1,300

1,019

487

73

16.4

1910

3,162

1,507

4,669

1,392

933

774

84

24.0

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

981

1923

992

Personal 5207,380

Colored

Total

White

469

1,450

58

418

1,410

10

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $558,580

Corporation $127,662

Colored
29 15

Total
87 25

Polls S800

32

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF GLASCOCK COUTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, April, 1924.

SCHOOL

Gibson

_

Edgehill

Mitchell

B ast onville

Bethel

David

Magnolia

Union

Beall Springs

Griffin

Total

CD

"w3

g $ 4,545

<;

1,500

e

1,200

6

810

6

810

6

840

fj

600

6

750

6

350



360

-M
.d



a
o

H

O

o

<u

o

o FH
fc 0

foc

11 6 84 3 2

2 2 2
1 ... 11

T3

tt ffl w
+

A

3 3 aa

6

go '3

5=

23 12
1 1 1
---- 2 .
11

5 224 D B A D

... 133 E D D D

73 D D C D

87. D B D

75

E CD

60

EBC

75

ECE

71

EE

29

EBC

25. D C E

6+ $ 11,765 28

25 14 11 19 6 19 6 5 852

Age-Grade Retardation

D--C+ D

Grade

I

II

III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

225 72 71 113 S3 64 76 39 9 16 4

772

10 8 5 4 5 ,

12

35

135 32 31 46 22 23 28 13

4 11

3

348

80 32 35 63 56 41 47 24

5

5

1

389

4 11 746.

15

5

_ (30 44.5 44 40 27 36 37 33 44 69 75

45

g6 44.5 49 56 67 64 62 62 56 31 25

50

7.5 8.8 9.9 11.3 13.0 13.4 14.2 15.5 16.1 16.7 17.7.

0.5 0.8 0.9 1.3 2.0 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.1 0 7 0.7

REPORT ON SURVEY OF GLASCOCK COUNTY.
BY E. A. Pound.
Glascock County, the smallest county in the state, has made marked educational progress during the past several years. It originally had 24 schools--white and colored--but through consolidation tins number has been reduced until at present there are only 10 white schools and 5 colored. Four consolidations in the county are responsible for the elimination of eight of the original schools.
Of the ten schools four of them have neat brick structures. The last to be built--it is now in process of construction--is the county high school at Gibson. The building there is a modern school and will amply take care of the present large enrollment, 225. This school receives $1,500 from the Barrett-Rogers Fund and here every child of the county who is prepared for the high school may enter without any tuitioncharge except an incidental fee. There are now 42 pupils enrolled in the high school at Gibson. A little work is done at David and Bastonville.
A basis is being laid for the development of a good system of schools in this small county. It yet has some buildings that could be improved a good deal and this perhaps will eventually be done. With only about 1,400 children in the county--white and colored--the fifteen schools can well take care of the school pupulation. All schools other than the one at Gibson should be limited to six or seven grades.
The following recommendations are made: 1. An increase in length of term as soon as possible. The average length of term is now six months, the one at Gibson nine months. As this is not a rich county receiving only about $12,000 for

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

33

REPORT ON SURVEY OF GLASCOCK COUNTY (Continued)
schools, although it levies five mills, an equality of opportunity can be brought only by state aid. 2. Teachers. The teachers are an improvement upon those of other years. Attendance upon summer schools is recommended for all those not now adequately prepared or who wish to improve themselves. 3. Improvement in equipment of practically all the schools. 4. The erection of at least one Rosenwald building as a model for negro schools in the county. 5. The improvement as soon as possible of at least four of the white schools.

Population

HARALECN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending School

Over 10 Years

16 20 Years

Per Cent

1920

12.418

2,022

14,440

4.633

3,634

1,146

95

11 0

1910

11.487

2,027

13.514

4,199

2.681

1,093

122 j

11.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illit erates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

1

White

Colored

Total

1918 1923

1 3.949 1
4.073

618 604

4,567

81

4,677

31

43

124

1

32

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

1 Personal
$962,026
')

Grade

Total

Number Accelerated

NumberNormal

Number Retarded.. .

%Aceelerated.

%Normal

.

%Retarded.._

Median Age

Med. Retardation

Land

Corporation

Polls

$2,111,359

$786,149

Age-Grade Retardation

$1,962

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

573 324 382 400 285 240 206 131 30 8 13 8 9 9 4 3 391 175 185 178 117 86 47 42 152 141 184 214 159 145 155 86 52423422 C8 54 48. 45 41 36 23 32 27 44 48 53 56 60 75 66
7.1 8.9 9.9 11.2 12.4 13.5 14.8 15. 0.1 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.8 1.

83 7 22 54 8 27 65 16.6 16

52 44 5. 31 23 16 21 10 60 52 30 48 16 6 17.9 0 6 0.9.

2,720 96
1,297 1,327
4 48 48

34

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF HARALSON COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, Sup ervisor, April, 1924.

SCHOOL

a
M

a)

CD

H

CO

Buchanan

9 $ 3,820

Tallapoosa

9 1,573

Bremen ...

-..--._ 9 4.695

Felton

6 1,460

Waco

9 3,375

Draketown

6 1.140

Fairmount

6

600

Frazler_-- -

-

.--. 6

660

Holland --

-

6

570

Mt. Tabor

6

900

Mt. View

-

Poplar Springs

_

fi

660

fi

810

Reid's Chapel

6

690

Steadman Wesley Chapel

6

630

fi

720

Berea

_. -

6

360

Brown's Chapel

6

270

Coalson

6

240

Eaves

- --

6

300

Fair View

-6

300

Little Creek

6

330

Mann. McKinney

.. -

6

270

fi

360

Miller

6

300

New Canaan

fi

330

Philadelphia

_6

300

Pine Grov e .

_- 6

420

Pleasant Hill

._

fi

330

Poseyville

fi

300

Sangamo

.__.___....._..

fi

420

Wesson

... .

6

300

o1o
6
*&

a+2
H
CO CD
(3 U
0

CD

CD
faoi
CD

cafl
CD CJ
_3

H en ,

A CO

CD
CD >>
fi 03
t>i>

d 55 CO

+
c8 CM

a 1 +3
CM rt

+3

4^

CD
P3

d

a >> CD CD
o
wa

CD
03
4J O
sCD
1 CO

CD d cS
a M
O
CD

a

Mid CD

A3
22 30

a 3c

m <

H

7 11 8 8

6 2 3.

8 391

DB A

18 11 18 14 4 15 3 7 3 _-_ __ 582

DAA

10 11 7 7

6 1 3 1 1 326 C C B A

4 8 4 3 13 1 3 4 .. .. 131

CBB

4 10 4 3 12 2 2

. 131 E D C B

3833

2 1 2 4 .. __ 118

CCD

2 7 2 1111 1

71

EEE

1 72

2 11 1

_. 53-___ E E E

2 7 2 1111 2 3 _. ._ 38____ B D D

2822

33,,___ C D D

2 6 2 11 1 1 1 2 _.

4 722

2

?,

39___. E D D
68 C r> C

o 722

1 1 1 7 .. .. 81

DDD

o 8 2 1111 1 3 ._ .. 71

g 7 2 2_ . 2.

1 ? . 42

E DD E0D

181 1

1

A 3 _. __ 34___. E E E

161

1

11

__ 19

EEE

171

1

11

.. 36

E *E

171

1

24

EEE

15

1_ .

1.

29_,,_ E D E

26

1

38.... E D D

151

1

1

36

E DE

1 R 1 1 ... 1

1 _ 40 E T) E

161

1

16

E DE

?, 7 1

1 . ... 1 1 3

45 C T) E

171

11

1

44

EEE

1 711

1

._ 46

E *E

1 61

11

1

__ 26

E DE

1 7 I ... 1 1

3 , 37

?, 7 1 1

11

__ 38

E F, E
E r> D

161

1

37

E DE

Total *-Building Burned.

6+ $ 27,433 84

78 55 23 57 21 35 41 9 2,740_,,_D-- D D--

REPORT ON SURVEY OF HARALSON COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan.

The most significant defect in the public school situation in Haralson county, as revealed bj' the survey, is the fact that there are 1333 children of school age in the county who did not enroll in the schools at all during the current school year. The schools must somehow reach the children before they can teach them.
Many of the rural schools are entirely too near each other and a strong policy of reasonable consolidation would greatly increase the efficiency of the ;ystem.
All of the rural schools were closed when the survey was made, and so no report could be made as to the thoroughness of their work.

.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

35

DOUGLAS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

7,526

2 951

10,477

3,241

2,393

599

44

7.9

1910

6,782

2 171

8,953

2,797

1,772

750

80

11.7

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

2,340

1,006

3,346

69

81

150

1923

2,382

848

3,230

5

6

11

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal
$702,221
Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

Land

Corporation

Polls

$1,675,200

$377,715

Ag Grade Retardation

$1,120

I

II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

342 167 207 200 184 167 111 96 75 30 17

17 4 17 19 16 11 4 3 1

1

227 89 98 91 80 69 38 46 41 22 14

98 74 92 90 88 87 69 47 33 8 2

528 9.5 8633 1

5

63 52 47 45.5 44 41 34 48 54 73 82

32 46 45 45 48 53 63 49 45 27 13

7.1 8.7 9.7 10.7 11.9 13.1 14.4 14.9 15.7 16.3 17.4.

0.1 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.4 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.4

1,596 93
815
6 51 43

36

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF DOUGLAS COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor.

SCHOOL
Douglasville High.. Bill Arp Geer Institute Beulah Fair Play Lithia Springs Union Hill Bellville Ebenezer... Mt. Oarmel Mt. Zion Winston Yeager Cave Springs Chapel Hill Dark Corner.High Point Holly Springs Liberty Mt. Vernon Riverside Union

CO

9 $ 10.015

7 1,470

9 1,575

7 1,225

7 1,155

7 1,505

7 1,225

7

910

7

770

7

875

7

735

7

910

7

875

7

525

7

455

7

385

7

455

7

420

7

490

7

525

7

455

7

420

o
ato
o

0

12 11 13 12

494

45

3

38

2

3 10

1

38

3

39

1

29

1

2

1

2

2

2

1

2

1

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1 ..

1

1 __

1

1 _.

SI

sS 60

& C3 ,
do

55 55

a
^6 H

9

4

2

32

1

1

1

4

2

1

2

12

4

1

12

1

1

2

1

2

1

... 7

2.

2

1 . ... 3

1

...2

___ 1 1

... 1 .

1

11

1

1

___ 1 1

7 484 C B A A 128 C-- E E C
63 C E A c 88____ C D c 76 E E C c
85 B+ C C B 78 D+ E C C 35 C-- B D D 55D + E C D 63D-- E D D 67D+ E C D 35 A D A C 87C-- D D D 25 D B C C 21C-- E D E 1 19 B B E D 17____ C D D 33 E D A-- D 46A-- E A-- B 41 C D A-- C 29 D D D D 25___. E D D

Total...'

7+ $ 27,375 54

53 36 17 29 24 31 51 10 1,600 C-- D-- C C+

REPORT ON SURVEY OF DOUGLAS COUNTY.
BY J. O. Martin. 1. The county is a unit. There is no independent system. 2. Douglas county has a full time Supervisor. She has already measured some of the results of teaching in all of the schools. This is a long step forward. 3. The county administration is building all new houses by approved plans. All other buildings which are permanently located are being remodeled and painted inside and out. 4. There has been an effort made by the Board to supply the schools with equipment and to see that this equipment is taken care of during the school vacation. 5. On account of the peculiar topography of the county, very few consolidations can be made. The following plans which are practical are recommended: a. The elimination of Mount Vernon and Poplar Springs, using school truck on direct road from Poplar Springs to Lithia Springs, thus combining all three districts with Lithia Springs. This would consolidate districts No. 1, 2 and 21. b. The use of'one truck from Riverside Academy by way of Mt. Carmel to Douglasville- districts No. 4 and 5. c. Transport pupils of Dark Corner School District to Winston District. d. Enlargement of Bill Arp District by addition of Yeager territory, extending same truck which is now serving from Providence.

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education
N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Act of October 3,1917, authorized October 5,1923.

Vol.1

Atlanta, May 15, 1924

No. 14

SCHOOL BUILDING FUND FOR NEGROES.
Mr. Julius Rosenwald, of Chicago, gives to the Southern States something like half a million dollars to aid in the erection of Negro school buildings, especially in the rural districts. If located in a cityit must be used as a county training school. In addition to this the money may also be used to build teachers' homes.
Thirty thousand dollars has been appropriated to Georgia begining July first. This must be used during the year else it reverts to the Rosenwald Fund. The amounts allowed by the Fund for these schools are as follows: For a one-teacher school, $400.00; for a two-teacher school, $700.00; for a threeteacher school, $900.00; for a four-teacher school, $1,100.00; for a five-teacher school, $1,300.00; for a six-teacher school, or larger, $1,500.00; for a teacher's home, $900.00. Two hundred dollars a room is also allowed for additions to Rosenwald schools.
The remaining funds needed to complete the buildings can come from county or city Boards of Education, or from subscriptions both among the white and colored people. These buildings must be erected according to approved plans.
Many communities in Georgia have already taken advantage of this liberality of Mr. Rosenwald and we find all over the state, buildings that are a credit to their communities. We therefore urge you, if you wish to participate in this fund, to file your application with the State Department of Education and we will give you then all the necessary information, such as bulletins, blue prints, etc.
HIGH SCHOOL AND CONSOLIDATED AID.
The supervisors have been busy the last month inspecting high schools that have applied for aid under the Barrett-Rogers Act. This inspection is about complete. They will assemble next week and make their reports. At the same time assignments of the funds will be made for the coming year. In the next issue of the Items we hope to give a complete detail of the apportionment of both the high school aid and the consolidated aid. If any one wishes to present further data as to just why their schools should be selected this should be done at once.
One principle shall govern us in the assignment of the high school aid, that school that possesses the equipment and offers the best opportunity for the country boy and girl to receive a high school education will be more than apt to be the favored one.
The high school appropriation was instituted for two purposes--first, to aid counties which had no high school, that through means of this fund they might establish one. Second, to give every boy and girl in the country an opportunity of a high school education.
I have in mind a county that has never had a high school. They have recently erected a high school building, a credit to the whole county, yet, during the next year they might not meet the requirements to be an accredited school, even of Class two. Still, obeying the spirit of the law, they will receive
the $1,000. Some schools that have received aid in the past have used it only for local purposes and to aid the
local school in which very few children from outside the district attended. In the future an effort will be made to establish one strong county high school, that will be conveniently located so that it may be accessible to all of the high school pupils of the county, and that will really go out and invite the country boy and girl to come in and take advantage of the opportunities they offer for a high school education.
THE CONVENTION OF SUPERINTENDENTS & SCHOOL OFFICIALS.
I am sure, as you read in the last issue of the School Items the program for the Convention of Superintendents and School Officials, you will agree that it is one of the strongest that has been presented in many years. All of the participants have accepted. A lively debate is expected on the questions of

2

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

the election of the county school superintendents and Boards of Education. For the first we are asking Supt. T. T. Benton, of Jackson County, and Mrs. McArthur Jones, the newly nominated superintendent of Early County, to discuss the affirmative. Supt. W. V. Lanier, of Jenkins County, and Supt. L. M. Lester, of Fayette County, have been asked to discuss the negative. This debate alone will be worth the price of admission. As to the question of the election of the Board members, the list of debaters has not yet been completed and I would be glad to have suggestions as to some one who would discuss both sides of the question. All in all, it is going to be a wonderful program, and I am urging all superintendents of schools, whether city or county, and all school officials and Board members, both municipal and county, as well as trustees, to attend.
This year ends the first fifty years of the public school system in Georgia. Many things have been accomplished in the past, yet we hope to make this Convention of July eighth and ninth a memorable one, just as memorable as the Conventionof fifty-two yearsago that forumlated plans for the establishment of a public school system in this state. A great opportunity is offered us along these lines. The recent decision of the Supreme Court, that will be discussed at Athens by Judge Russell and Judge Cobb, has removed every obstacle that we heretofore thought obstructed educational progress and leaves the way open for real constructive work.

To the Principals of the Summer Institutes:

Atlanta, Ga., June 7,1924.

You have already received the assignment of teachers, as well as the itinerant instructors for the summer institute. The management and control of the institute will be entirely in your hands. All instructors, both permanent and itinerant, will report to you for instruction and direction, and you will arrange the program. In other words, you will have complete charge. There will be no direction, whatever, from this Department.
On July 4th you may arrange a special program, if you see fit, or else follow the daily program you have already fixed.
I would be glad if you would meet me in Atlanta on Thursday June 19, that we might discuss plans of operation and that you might receive final instructions.
Hoping that it will be convenient for you to be present, I am Very truly yours, N. H. Ballard, State Superintendent of Schools.

WHEN WILL TEACHERS CERTIFICATES BE ISSUED?
The Board of Examiners for teachers certificates, with about twenty additional assistants, will begin work upon the applications about July 1st. As rapidly as applications are passed upon certificates will be issued and mailed. Those that recently graduated from Normal Colleges may expect theirs very early. There may be some delay in issuing certificates of certain applicants on account of additional investigation. In other words, the greater difficulty an applicant may have in furnishing the necessary data to complete her record, the greater care will be taken by the Board of Examiners in doing this person justice.
Some wish their applications evaluated so that they may know just what to take at the summer school. If you will present to the principal of the summer school just what credits you have earned in the past, he will be able to give you full information as to just what you should take to professionalize your certificate or else to raise its academic standing.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

3

Population

HANCOCK COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

5,136

13,221

18,357

5,970

4.127

2,691

291

20.6

1910

4,917

14,268

19,185

6,371

3,487

3,518

437

26.1

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yis.

White

1918

1,517

1923

1,428

Colored

Total

White

4, 535 4, 024

6,052

20

5,452

16

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
136 161

Total
156 177

Personal $741,136

Land

Corporation

$2,314,462

$392,817

RECORD OF HANCOCK COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor, April, 1924.

Polls $1,244

SCHOOL

Sparta

Culverton Cons

Devereux

I

Linton S. N. Chapman

Beulah__

Jewell

Mayfield

Gaissert

GraniteHUl

Knowles'

Lanier's

Lary

M. L. Duggan.

Mt. Stephens

Mt. Zion

RockSprlngs

SandyHill

SnowHill

Whaley

Zebulon

10th Dis. A. & M.

Total

na99a
GO

9 8,615

8 2,632

8 2,240

8 2,080

8 2,160

8 1,080

8

1,200

8

1,080

9

520

9

320

8

480

8

480

8

440

8

400

8

440

8

480

8

400

8

400

8

540

8

540

8

480

9 9,350

8+ $ 36,357

IS

Ma

a
o
o

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to

11 11 10

5 10

4 10

4 10

4 10

3 10 2

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2 2.

2

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1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 5 8-11 9

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> 55

rt

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12 273.. C B

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94.. D B

98.. D E

92-. C D

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19.

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56

55 f5 0 44 11 23 40 38 1,227.

DC C

--

wmmmmmmmmmmm

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF HANCOCK COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor, April, 1924.

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded. __ %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardlation

Age-Grade Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

191 129 121 142 138 104 81 99 105 71 53

1,234

9

1

4

51

125 71 58 70 62 38 36 51 35 21 22

589

57 51 55 65 75 65 44 46 63 46 27

594

5

5

6

5

1

1

1

2

7

6

8

4

65 55 49 49 45 37 45 52 33 30 42

48

30 40 45 46 54 62 54 46 60 64 50

48

7.2 8.5 9.8 10.9 12.1 13.5 14.1 14.8 16.3 17.6 18.0_

0.2 0.5 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.5 1.1 0.8 1.3 1.6 1.0_

REPORT ON SURVEY OF HANCOCK COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith.
Considering the financial condition the schools of Hancock County were in a few years ago, they are now in excellent condition.
When the present Superintendent went into office a few years ago, Hancock County perhaps had the heaviest per capita school indebtedness of any county of the State. Through splendid business management of the school affairs of the county the Board and the Superintendent have succeeded in paying off that indebtedness and in the meantime maintained the schools for a period of from six to eight months each year. There is probably not a single example in the state equaling this accomplishment.
Within this period of debt paying the Board and Superintendent did not make the progress they desired to make or would have made had they been in the position to let funds for each year take care of the schools for that year.
Now that they are out of debt, they are begining to put over a program that is in keeping with the needs of the county. Within the past school year they have eliminated 10 small one-and-two teacher schools and are carrying them into good central schools.
Sparta, the county seat, has an independent system, but has been designated by the County Board as the Senior High School for the county. It is receiving $1,000 from the Barrett-Rogers fund and admitting the rural high school pupils free.
It is to the best interest of the County and Sparta that Sparta relinquish her present system and become a part of the County system. With Sparta, Devereux, Culverton, Powelton, Mayfield, and Linton used as central points for future consolidations, practically every one-and-two teacher school of the county could be eliminated at a very reasonable per capita cost to the county.
Sparta should continue to be the Senior High School of the county. The other central points mentioned should be standard Junior High Schools with transportation furnished to the tenth and eleventh grades to the Senior High School.

Population

BANKS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Hliterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

9,266

2,548

11,814

3,857

2,599

1,220

120

14.9

1910

8,923

2,321

11,244

3,398

2,295

1,554

151

20.3

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF BANKS COUNTY (Continued) STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
2,914 2,936

Persona] $313,837

Colored

Total

White

854

3,768

90

546

3,485

39

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

$1,338,594

$282,999

RECORD OF BANKS COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, March, 1924.

Colored
54 24

Total
144 63

Polls $1,440

SCHOOL
Homer Baldwin Gailey GillsviUe Berlin Bushville Chandler Grady Grove Level Hebron Hollingsworth Mt. Bethel Mt. Pleasant Rock Springs Ridgeway Salem Allendale Arp Barrett Broad River Carnot Corinth Duncan Grove Creek Henderson Mt. View Nails Creek Red Oak Silver Shoals UnionHill
Total...

9 9 6 9 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 6 6 6 6 --6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
6+

OS
2,835 9,425 1,080 1,600
810 600 660 850 720 700 660 720 750 660 660 570 330 360 300 300 390 360 300 360 330 300 300 360 360 300

tao

a

+i AS Co P ea
CO

I" N a) >t>a>C2SD?, 1 dW do

bfir)
19
go

4 10 10 11

3

13

1

13

155 D D B B

276

EBC

38

1 3 _.... 2

124

E CD

3 10

27

1

2

1

2

2 ... 2

3

22

3

22

2

22

2

22

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

1

2

3 ..... 3 2 _. 1 .. 2 .. 1 2 .. 2 .. 2 .. .. 2 2 .. .. 1 2 .. 2 .. 2 .. 1 2 .. 1 2 ..

205

E BD

Ill

ECD

61

DEE

59.... E D E

102

E CD

72_... E D D

67

DDD

79....

CC

70

DE

110

CD

DD

50

57....

DE

41.... E D E

29

DE

29.... E E E

26

EED

61

EEE

34

E DE

43.. E E E

33. _ E D E

53. E D E

33. E E E

44. E D D

24- B D E 63.... E D D

31.... E D E

27,950 61 57 33 24 52 5 29

2,217 E D--D--

MMHHB

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF BANKS COUNTY (Continued) Age Grade Retardation

Grade

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

Total

Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded '/(Accelerated--_ ... ',NormaL__ ..... '(Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

625 249 239 263 230 182 155

27

8 12

9

8

1

3

331

89 78 67 65 43 33

267 152 149 187 157 138 119

4353412

53 36 33 25 28 24 21

43 61 62 72 68 75 77

7.7 9.7 10.5 12.1 12.9 14.3 15.3

0.7 1.7 1.5 2.1 1.9 2.3 2.3

81
26 55
32 68 15.7
1.7

44 15

1

21

14 - 7 1

28 7

46

32 47 100

64 47

16.6 16.9 16.0

1.6 0.9.

2,084 71
754 1,259
4
36 61

REPORT ON SURVEY OF BANKS COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan.

Banks County has been without a senior high school, except in sharing with adjoining ones on its border. But with a modern new building recently erected at the county seat there is promise of better educational opportunities for the future.
There are too many "little schools" in the county, and we find, as in other counties, that the more schools the smaller percentage of children enrolled. Of the 2,936 white children of school age in the county only 2,217 were reported as enrolled during the current school year.
More than 60% of those enrolled are considerably over age for their grades. The average age at which they enter first grade is 7.7 years, while we find their average age on entering the second grade to be 9.7 years.
More than half of the teachers of the county are serving at their present school for their first year, indicating frequent changes. The majority of these teachers receive for their services from $300 to $350 a year.
Not very much could reasonably be expected under these conditions.

BARTOW COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

1920 1910

Population

White

Colored

18,261 19,039

5,665 6,348

Total Children

Total
23,926 25,387

6-18 Years
7,593 7,622

Attending School
5,818 4,492

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

Over 10 Years
2,594 3,521

Illiterates

16-20 Years
269 463

Per Cent
14.7 19.4

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

5,523

1923

6,232

Personal $2,235,472

Colored

Total

1,797 1,663

7,320 7,895

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

White
152 95

Land $4,990,814

Corporation $1,061,962

Colored 39

Total
241 134

Polls $2,783

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF BARTOW COUNTY (Continued)

Age Grade Retardation

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Number Normal. _ %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

1,273 570 600 611 465 353 313 119 91 73 24

33 18 23 29 21 10

7

7

5

3

2

731 223 206 210 137 119 102 47 52 39 15

509 329 371 372 307 224 204 65 34 31 7

4,492 158
1,881 2,453

33454326548

3

57 40 34 34 30 34 33 40 58 53 62

42

40 57 62 61 66 63 65 54 37 43 30

55

7.5 9.4 10.6 11.6 12.9 13.7 14.6 15.2 15.5 16.8 17.3.

0.5 1,4 1,6 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.2 0.5 0.8 0.3.

RECORD OF BARTOW COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan & W. B. Hill, Supervisors, March, 1924.

SCHOOL

*CartersvHle

*East Cartersville

Atop

Kingston

1

PineLog

Taylorsville

White

Emerson

Euharlee

Linwood

Stilesboro

Adam's Chapel

Allatoona

Barnsley

Cass Station

CassvUle

Center

CrossRoads

Cunningham

Davis

Five Forks

Flex-a-Tile

Folsom

Ligon

Mineral Springs

Oak Grove

OakHill

Pine Forest

.,

Ransom

Rebecca

RockHill

Smithville

Snow Spring

Stoner

s"3$

9 $ 18,220

9 6,840

9 3,060

8 2,440

8 2,000

8 1,905

8 1,880

8 1,800

.... 6J 1,286

.". 6

930

8 1,400

6

630

6

660

6

600

6

840

6

750

6

720

6

720

6

720

6

690

6

660

7 1,050

6

690

6

660

6

720

6

660

6

630

6

720

6

930

6

750

6

660

6

750

6

660

6

660

aCmD

a

II

o SI Ml

2 L

03

M

03 ,

3

do

to to

m

18 11 17 17 9597 574 484

17

8

813

4

1

312

613 B C B A 369 A C C A 174 A E A 1! 150 .... E A B

5 10 4

4

4

139 .... E D D

3 10 4 394 373 4933 2731

312 4 3 3 123

111 .... E C D 120 ... E E C 189 A E C C
125..... C C c 103. ... E c c

3 10 3 3

3

2

151 D E A D

2 6 2 .... 2 1 1 1

72. ... E C D

2 7 2 .... 2 2

2

61. ... E A D

2 7 2 .... 2 2

2

78. ... E B D

2722

2

116 D E D B

272

22

55. ... E D C

1 72

2111

66. ... E C D

262

2111

2721 1 1 12

87. ... E D C 62. ... E E D

272

22

63 D E D C

3822

2

2

95. ... E D D

2721

2

75. ... D C C

2 722

2

2

75. ... E D D

2

2

2 .. .. 2 2

48. ... E D D

2

2 2 ... 2

75. ... E D D

2

2

22

1

77. ... E D D

2

2 1 12

1

83. ... D D D

2

2112

1

93. ... E B D

2

2 2 .. 2

54. ... E D C

2

21

112

61 D E D C

2

21

2

1

73. ... E D D

2

2 2 .. 2

2

43. ... E D C

2

2 2 .. 2

1

91. ... E D B

2

2

2

1

47. E D B

-

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

Bates. Bethany Big Pond Oorbin Dry Creek Grass Dale Liberty Hill Macedonia Mt. Pleasant Oak Dale Pleasant Valley.. Reynolds Rock Creek Rowland Spring. Salacoa Stamp Creek Union Hill

RECORD OF BARTOW COUNTY (Continued)

330

240

... 1 1

300

1 .. 1

600

1

270

1

180

... 1 1

300

1

1

300

___ 1 1

330

1

360

1

300

1

1

240

1

1

360

360

330

360

270

33..__ E D D 29 E D D 50.... E D D 37 E D D 32-._. B E E 31 E E E 35_._. E D E 33 C D D 37.... E D D 23 D C D 47 E D E 41 E D E 23 E E E 48 E E E 28 E E D 28 E D E 49...- E D D

Total

6+ $63,721 123 .121 70 51 105 16 61

4,498 E+D+D+

REPORT ON SURVEY OF BARTOW COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, & W. B. Hill.
Of the 6,232 white children of school age in Bartow County it appears that 1,234 of them failed to enroll in the public schools during the current school year.
There are fifty one white public schools provided for them, but here, as elswhere, it seems that the larger the number of schools provided for them the smaller the.percentage of the children take advantage of them. This very significant fact as generally shown from our recent surveys is worthy of serious study by our citizens and school people.
These fifty one schools are served by 121 teachers, just half of whom change schools each year, preventing the possibility of constructive work.
The land values of this county returned at five million dollars, besides the personal and corporate property, shows how able these people are to support their schools.
Fewer schools and longer tenure of service by the teachers at the same schools would doubtless result in very much better attendance on the part of pupils, as has been the experience of other counties.

Population

MADISON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
13,534 11,702

Colored
5,269 5,149

Total
18,803 16,851

6-18 Years
6,102 5,259

Attending School
3,835 3,282

Over 10 Years
2,416 2,718

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

16-20 Years
250 316

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

Per Cent
18.5 23.8

White

1918

256

1923

325

Colored
1,817 1,263

Total
6,073 5,588

White
97 62

Colored
127 39

Total
224 101

Personal
$648,078
SCHOOL
Danielsville Ila Comer Carlton Colbert Bond..., Diamond Hull Liberty Meadow Neese Norcross Pocataligo BlueStone. Bruce Farmer's Fowler's Harris Lilburn Mill Shoal Oak Grove Paoli Patterson Progress Rogers SawDust Smith's Velpoe Wesley Chapel Berryman Bethaven-- Carithers Cleveland Duluth Madison Springs Oakland Wrights
Total

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF MADISON COUNTY (Continued)

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Polls

$2,383,393

$410,615

$1,763

RECORD OF MADISON COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, March, 1924.

aS

gs

<B

h

CO

--.. _
._

9$ 9 9 9 9 8 7 9 8 8 8 8 8 7 6 6 8 6 6 6 6 8 8 7 7 6 6 7 7, 6 6 8 6 6 6 7 8

6,064 5,220 4,605 3,485 3,492 2,080 1,125 2,215 1,680 1,080 1,400 1,320 1,600
858 660 570 660 600 570 570 660 880 920 630 735 540 660 840 910 360 240 520 330 390 600 330 600

+> A
I3
oo
d sni
fc 0
10 11 10 11 8 11 6 11 5 10 4 10 38 39 3 10 3 3 39 39 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 26 37 27 37 27 27 27 27 27 15 15 15 15 25 15 15 26

n

f>

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aCO

o

CD U

<B

1-1

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55 03 P SI CO

9

9

2 2 2 3 1 1 3 1 2 1 2 .. 2 ..1 2.... 21 2 2 2. 2 2. 2 2 2. 2 21 2 21 2 2 2. 1.

... 1 ... 1 1 1 1

is

>>
si

tig

a3 9g3

el

dW do
55

5 5 4 3 3 1 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 1 1 2. 1 2.
...
... 1 ... ...

2

9 357 B C A B

5

302 C B A B

4

5 220 C B A B

3

197

DAB

3 ... 6 232

DC C

1 2 3 146.... E D C

2 5 1 148.... E D D

.. 4 136.... BCD

4 4 67

E DD

136

E DE

5 132

E DD

106

E DD

95.... C D C

2

95_._. E D E

8 .... 50.... E D D

2

58.... D D E

61

E DE

3 ... 82....

CE

70..__ E D E

EEE

2 . 75

DDE

1 1.

72.... E C C

2 2.

90

E DB

1 4.

75.... E D E

2 4.

96.... E E E

1 . .. 2 49

DDE

67

E DE

1

73

E DD

5 102

E DB

1

57_._. E D E

1

32

E DE

1

39.... D D D

1

29.... E D E

10

26

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30

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... 2 36

DDD

2

59

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7+ $ 49,699 108. .101 68 33 73 28 52 73 36 3,783_, _ E+ D+ D



1

10

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF MADISON COUNTY (Continued)

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded_..: %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

922 430 458 522 378 256 266 163 59 60 31 28 9 23 31 9 3 3 11 6 4 4 581 192 203 184 124 97 93 70 24 30 18 313 229 232 307 245 156 170 82 29 26 9 32562117 10 7 13 63 45 44 35 33 38 35 43 41 50 58 34 53 51 59 65 61 64 50 49 43 29
7.4 9.1 10.0 11.4 12.8 13.6 14.5 15.0 15.9 16.8 17.2 0.4 1.1 1.0 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.2

3,545 131
1,616 1,798
3 46 41

REPORT ON SURVEY OF MADISON COUNTY. BY
M. L. Duggan.
Of the thirty seven public schools in Madison County six run nine months, nine run for eight months, and seven run seven months.
These schools are served by 101 teachers, half of whom change schools annually. Of the 4,325 white children of school age 3,783 enrolled in the public schools during the current school year. This is a much better showing than made by most counties. Again the age-grade retardation is less than in the majority of the counties, and their progress through the grades is nearly normal, as shown by the tabulations. Better roads that are being built will facilitiate consolidations of schools, which will greatly increase their efficiency. There are evidences of an increasing public sentiment for better schools.

Population

JACKSON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending School

Over 10 Years

16-20 Per Cent Years 1

I

1920

17,671

6,982

24,653

7,821

8,356

2,873

260

16.4

1910

21,544

8,613

30,167

9,037

5,624

3,720

415

17.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
5,028 5,390

Personal $1,504,290

Colored

Total

White

2,198

7,226

124

1,990

7,380

41

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $3,772,380

Corporation $421,559

Colored
135 139

Total
259 180

Polls $3,447

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

11

RECORD OF JACKSON COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, March, 1924.

SCHOOL
o>
a

O

5a
M

aS >>2,

P

03
dW

*doo

g2o

P 03

Jefferson

9 $ 10,200 13 11 12 12

12 .

Commerce

9 20,150 20 11 19 19

19 .

9

Maysville

9 6,525 9 11

6

6

Braselton

9 6,700 9 11 6

6_

6

Dry Pond

6

1,350

4 10 4

3

3

Bold Spring

6 1,110 3 8 3

3.

Hocshton

9

1,980

493

2

1

Nicholson

-

6 1,035 3 8 3

2

3

Pendergrass

8| 1,750 6 10 3

3_

Plain View

6 1,170 3 9 3

3_

1

Talmo

8

1,440

393

2

2

Walnut

6 1,200 3

3

3.

1

Adams

6

75"0 2

2

2.

Apple Valley

6

720 2

2

1

1

Arcade

6"660 2

2

2.

Archer's Grove

6

660 2

2

1

1

Attica

6

T'go 2

2

2.

Berea

6

735 2

2

1

Bolton

6

735 2

2

1

Center

-

6

735 2

2

1

CenterUnion

6

690 2

2

2.

Deadwyler's

7

690 2

2

.2

Elmwood

6

540 2

2

1

Fair View--

6

705 2

2

2

Harris

6

750 2

2

2.

Hood's

6

540 2

2_

1

Long View

7

690 2

2

.2

Lord's

... 6

645 2

2

2

Mt. View

,

6

750 2

2

2

1

Massey

6

660 2

2

2

UnionHill

6

660 1

2

1

2

Wheeler's

6

840 2

2

.2

White Hill

6

690 2

2

2

Academy

6

240 1

1_

Bachelor's

6

360 2

1

_1

Bear Creek

6

360 1

1

.1

Diamond Hill

6

240 2

1.

1

Marcus

6

360 1

1

New Harmony

6

420 1

1

1 ..

New Virgil

7

360 1

1

1 __

Orr's

6

360

1

1

1 __

Pond Fork

6

240 2

1 . __ 1 ..

Potter's

6

360 1

11

1 ..

Randolph Hall

6

360 1

1_

1 __

Redstone

6

300 2

1.

1 ._

Tallassee

6

330 1

1

Victory Hill

6

330 1

1.

516 D C B A

634

C BA

148

C li A

213 D E A A

173

DDE

108 E C B

119 E D D D

141--. E D D

103 D D B D

127 E E C O

113.-- E C B

1 26..__ D D D

74___. E C D

77

EDC

58--. C D D

70

ECD

69--. E 0 C

... 75--. E D C

... ' 73

E CD

... 57___. E c C

.... 64--. E D D

... 87.... E C C

... 68--. E D E

.... 84--. E D D

... 85___. E D D

.... 78.... E C D

.... 84___. E C D

86--. E D D

.... 55.... D D C

.... 71_... E D D

92 E E E E

93. _. E

O

68.. _ E

C

49. _. E E E

61... E C C

40-- E D E

41___ D D E

35-- E D E

47-- E C D

42___ E C D

47-- E D D

83-- EDO

52-- D D D

43-- E D D

57-- D C D

28-- D C E

22-- E D E

Total

6+ $ 73,825 139 .126 98 28 106 20 66

4,736.. _ E+D--D+

---^^^^^^i

12

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

BECOKD OF JACKSON COUNTY (Continued)

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedlanAge) Med. Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

1,255 534 608 579 536 408 341 167 110 97 63 4,698

3 14 31 23 31 26 8 10 7 7 4

164

720 228 216 192 174 157 121 97 54 61 34 2,054

532 292 361 364 331 225 212 60 49 29 25 2,480

03546626676

3

57 42 35 33 32 38 36 58 49 63 54

44

43 55 60 63 62 56 62 36 45 30 40

53

7.7 9.2 10.4 11.5 12.6 13.3 14.6 14.5 15.8 16.4 17.6

0.7 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.6 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.6

REPORT ON SURVEY OF JACKSON COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan.
Notwithstanding the general belief that Jackson county has probably enforced the compulsory attendance law better than any other county, still we find six hundred and forty four white children of school age who did not enroll in the schools of the county during the current year. However we believe from investigations that nearly all of these are either below or above the compulsory attendance age, although within the school ages. This number (644) is a much smaller proportion of the whole number (5,390) than is to be found in other counties. Jackson County authorities have shown that the compulsory attendance law, although weak and defective, can be enforced.
Too many well built school houses have stood as a serious hindrance to school progress in Jackson county. However, there is nevertheless a growing public sentiment in favor of sacrificing some of these in the interest of consolidation.
Of the forty five white schools in the county there are four eleven grade schools, and two ten grade schools, these employing fifty two teachers. There are fourteen little one-teacher schools, and only one of these have the same teacher this year that served last year. These are nearly all teachers of more than two years' experience, but a large percentage of holding "unsatisfactory license."
The senior high schools are operated nine months, and no school less than six months. A strong administration and a public sentiment that will eliminate the "little schools" will gradually strengthen the entire county system. There are at present too many "independent systems" for the best interests of all. The schools are having a close and careful supervision.

1920 1910
1918 1923

Population

JEFF DAVIS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White
5,707 4,457

Colored
1,615 1,593

Total
7,322 6,050

6-18 Years
2,415 1,904

Attending School
1,982 1,018

Over 10 Years
620 758

16-20 Years
67

Per Cent
12.1 18.0

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

I

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White 1,815 2,113

Colored 520 600

Total 2,335 2,713

White 17 12

Colored 22 20

Total 39 32

Personal $652,198

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF JEFF DAVIS COUNTY

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $1,230,954

Corporation $419,275

RECORD OF JEFF DAVIS COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, Feb., 1924.

13
Polls $939

SCHOOL

Hazlehurst

Excelsior

D.enton

Rocky Branch

Roper

Satilla

Union

Union Grove

Appleby

Bridge Ford

Brooker

Eureka

Hearn's Chapel

Green Head

McView

Mt. Zion

Oak Grove

Oakland

Oak Level

Oak View

Orico

Palmer

Palmetto

.

Pine Forest

Piney Branch

Pleasant Grove

Winola

Total

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

o
V ,-*
03 CO

9 $ 12,450

5 .1,512

5

612

5

600

5

600

5

600

5

'612

5

550

5

300

5

350

5

350

5

287

5

300

5

100

5

300

5

350

5

337

5

375

5

350

5

362

5

312

5

300

5

350

5

325

'... 5

350

5

300

5

350

CD

m

12 11 14 14

12

5 9 5 4 1 5.

2 7 2 2 .... 2 .

2 8 2 11 1

2 7 2 2 .... 1

2 8 2 11 1

2 7 2 2 .... 2

282

2 2 ..

161

1

17 11

3 7 11

17 1

1

16 11

161

1

15 11

16 11

17 1 1

17 1

1

1711

271

1

17 1

1

18 1

l

17 11

16 11..

16 1 1

16 1

1

17 11

03

3
6 do 5

8 384

... 173

61 :

52_.

62..

85..

60 :

1

61..

24_.

42..

1

27..

20_.

35..

10..

56_.

30..

46..

44_.

1

36..

45_.

40..

31..

44_.

15..

28_.

54_.

24-_

II

E BA

E DD

DDD

E DD

E DD

EED

E DD

E DC

E DD

EED

E

D

E

D

EED

E DD

E

D

C

C

E

D

E DD

DE D

DDD

EED

EED

E DD

E DD

E DD

EED

E DD

5 + $ 23,587 51

50 37 13 43 7 35 5 8 1,1 .._ E+ D D

Age-Grade Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI

367 205 34 10 208 102 125 93 95 57 50 34 45 7.8 8.

202 223 218 142 114

685

1

95 84 57 21 18

101 131 156 121 95

342

1

47 38 26 15 16

50 58 72 85 83

10.0 11.5 12.7 14.3 14.4

51 1
30 20 2 59 39 14.7

24 19 16
14 19 16 10
58 100 100 42 15.8 15.1 16.7.

0.8 1. 1.0 1.5 1.7 2.3 1.4 0.7 0.8

Total
1,581 65
664 852
4 42 54

14

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON SURVEY OF JEFF DAVIS COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan.
Some significant facts revealed in the tabulations of the Jeff Davis County school system are: 1. The short school year of only five months. (The minimum under Georgia school law is six months.) 2. The character of rural school houses, estimated values being from $100.00 to $612.50. 3. Of the 25 rural schools 19 are one-teacher schools and six have two teachers each. 4. At only one of the one-teacher schools has the teacher served longer than the present year. Ten of the 12 teachers at the six two-teacher schools are serving the first year. 5. One-third of pupils in the first grade are more than eight years old, and two-thirds of them are above seven years old. Fifty-four per cent of all pupils are more than one year over-age for their grade. Many of them are from three to seven years over-age.
6. The County Board of Education is badly in debt, and public sentiment for liberal school support is not strong.

Population

WARREN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per CeDt

1920

4,007

7,821

11,828

3,703

2,518

2,075

234 1 24.2

1910

3,728

8,132

11,360

3,592

2,175

1,937

177 1 22.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,201

1923

1,132

Personal $646,548

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

Colored

Total

White

2,973

4,174

1

2,696

3,828

1

TAXAB LE VALUE 1923.

Colored
143 125

Total
144 126

Land

Corporation

$1,515,645

$244,060

Ag Grade Retardation

Polls $1,534

I II in IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI
163 78 99 99 85 91 60 68 34 22 20 14 622112331 111 45 60 51 31 37 16 34 15 8 12 38 27 37 46 53 53 42 31 16 13 8 9822113494 68 58 61 52 36 41 27 50 44 36 60
23 34 37 46 63 58 70 46 47 60 40 7.2 8.3 9.6 10.8 12.8 13.4 15.0 14.7 15.8 17.3 17.8 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.8 1.8 1.4 2.0 0.7 0.8 1.3 0.E

Total
819 35
420 364
4 51 45

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

15

RECORD OF WARREN COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, April, 1924.

SCHOOL

Warrenton

.-

Norwood

Camak

Johnson

Purvis

Ware's

Barnett

Brier Creek

Cadley

Floral Hill

Long Creek

Macedonia

Margaret Evans

McGregor

Mesena

Pine Grove

Skelley

Stony Hill

a
03
OS W

9 $ 9,160

9 2,610

9 2,475

7

875

7

965

7

980

7

420

7

450

7

525

7

525

7

455

7

420

7

560

7

560

7

490

7

385

7

490

7

525

+3



60
0

M

a
o

H

o CD

CD
H 01

d fc 0

d fc

8 11

8

39

3

2 10

2

28

2

28

2

29

1


71 3 3 11 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 ... 1 1 1 1 ___.

d

c3

OS 60

6- CD

rt

fg a p,

eg
dW do

30 'a3"

pq H

18 217 .... 115
85 ____ 54
65. 69_ 20-_-- 15. 24 35_ 12.
30_ 2819_ 1726_ 20_

E BA BBB CBC E CC E DD E DD ADD DDD E CD E DD AE E EED DCC DCD BDD E DE ACC EEE

Total

7+ $ 22,870 31 32 24 8 28 4 20 18 859__ D D+D +

REPORT ON SURVEY OF WARREN COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound.

Warren County has an area of 271.6 square miles. It has eighteen white schools and twenty-seven

colored schools. This number of schools is entirely too great for such a county in this day of good roads.

The number can be easily reduced to nine white schools in the rural districts and the one at Warrenton

for whites. This plan will perhaps be advocated by the school authorities and a five year program

)

adopted by which consolidations of smaller schools will be made gradually each year. This will result

in stronger schools and longer terms for the rural child and give him for the first time an approximation,

at least, of an equality of educational opportunity.

There is a splendid high school at Warrenton to which the rural high school pupil is invited without

a tuition fee, inasmuch as this school receives the Barrett-Rogers fund of $1,000. At Norwood there is

a nine grade junior high school and at Camak a ten grade junior high school. These schools can well

take care of the secondary pupils of the county. In addition to these there are four other schools at-

tempting to teach high school studies, and in two of them one teacher attempts to teach all the grades.

This is poor educational economy as the high school pupils in such schools not only do not get adequate

attention but the primary pupils in such schools have their time taken away by the presence of the high

school pupils. These four high schools-so called-have but twelve pupils in the high school grades and

yet these twelve pupils require much of the time of the four teachers who attempt to teach them.

It would be much better if the County Board would limit the number of grades each school can teach

and send these twelve pupils to Warrenton where they will have access to a good school and good teach-

ers who can give them their entire time the whole day long instead of one eighth of the time.

Many of the buildings should be eliminated and modern school-buildings erected, or better, many

of them should be discarded and modern buildings erected in centrally located districts to be selected as

sites for consolidated schools. This is the only feasible plan by which the rural child will ever have a

chance at an education.

The number of negro schools is also entirely too large and the majority of the schools are housed

16

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

EEPOET OF SURVEY OF WAEREN COUNTY (Continued)

in negro churches, the titles not being held by the County Board. At least one Rosenwald building should be erected as a model school building for the negroes.
The teachers are as a rule, earnest and diligent, and are doing the very best possible work under the circumstances. Orderliness and cleanliness in the schools visited was noted. The superintendent attributes this to a system of score cards which he has instituted in the county. Many of the teachers need further preparation, although they will measure up with the average teacher of the state.
The length of term for whites is seven months, except at Warrenton, Camak and Norwood where the terms are nine months.
The schools at these three places are all good schools, the school at Warrenton having recently spent quite a large sum in improvement of its equipment.
The county has the unusual distinction of not only being out of debt but it practically has a balance of more than $13,000.
The following recommendations are made:
1. A gradual consolidation of schools until at least half of the present number are eliminated by absorption or consolidation.
2. The increase in length of term as soon as conditions warrant.
3. Attendance upon summer schools of all teachers not now adequately prepared for their work. 4. Increase and improvement in equipment in all of the schools. 5. The development eventually of a county unit plan. 6. Improvement in buildings or the erection of modern consolidated schools. 7. Closer supervision of all the schools by an assistant to the superintendent.

CHATOOGA COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

12,013

2,299

14,312 4,508

3,401

1,209

111

11.8

1910

11,154

2,454

13,608 4,114

2,515

1,396

170

14.4

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

3,659

1923

3,797

Personal $1,775,731

Colored

Total

White

893

4,553

89

824

4.621

29

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $2,511,993

Corporation $484,383

Colored
60 25

Total
149 54

Polls $2,318

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

17

RECORD OF CHATOOGA COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor.

SCHOOL

Summervllle Trlon Gore *Menlo Lyerly Berryton Chattoogaville Chelsea Pine Grove Taylor Institute Teloga Boiling Cloudland Dry Creek Farmersville Haywood Hendrix... Montvale Mt. Olive Spring Creek... Sprite Hanson Holland Johnston Myers Pennville Perennial Sand Mount Silver Hill Summerville Cotton Mill Welcome Hill
Total..

Grade

Total

Number Accelerated

Number Normal

.

Number Retarded

%Accelerated

%Nprmal.

%Retarded

MedianAge

Med. Retardation

%Sen
03 03
to

9 $ 5,490

9 10,440

9 6,890

9 3,690

9 3,375

8 1,440

6 1,020

6 1,200

6

810

9

7 1,400

7

630

7

546

6

420

6

300

6

360

6

360

7

525

6

360

6

360

7

350

6

690

7

805

6

750

6

660

7

875

6

630

6

690

7

805

6

540

7

875

a

a0
0 B o

ft !
W
&3

33
;ro
03

03 60
do

a B 3wa

8 11 8 8

5 3 3 13 240A--

BA

14 8 11 11

8 3 4 9 459 B

BA

6 11 6 6

152

1 133A-- E B B

6 11 6 6

513

9 207 __. C C

6 10 5 5

413

4 139 A

CD

3 73 3

212

124

BD

3 733

2114

78....

CD

2833

1221

74....

3832112 3

74

573

12 51

CD
cD cD

3833

21

96

BE

16 11

__. 3 1 42

CD

17 11

1

26

CE

17 1 1

1.

23

CE

16 11

17.... D B E

18 11

30_._.

DE

16 11

28.___ D D E

18 11

30

E CD

17 1

1

16..._

E

171

1.

40

E

16 11

12..._ D E E

18 2

2

62

E CD

2 8 2 11

39....

D

2 722

67

D

18 2 11

56

E

17 2 2

58_._.

D

17 2 11

35....

D

17 2 2

2

48

E

2722

2

35

C

2322

112

68

CE

2 8 2 11 2

2

37

CD

6+ $47,286 84 84 72 9 53 28 45 33 31 2,439 --E+C+D--

Age-Grade Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

465 328 290 2 95 219 144 205 96 57 50 33 2,182

.. 21

7 11

7 14

9

8

4

5

1

1

88

... 222 133 102 115 71 47 67 33 29 27 23 222 188 177 173 134 88 130 59 23 22 9

869 1,225

42426644823

4

48 40 35 39 32 32 32 34 50 54 70

39

48 58 61 59 62 62 64 62 42 44 27

57

7.7 9.2 10.5 11.4 12.4 13.5 14.5 15.4 15.7 16.7 17.5.

0.7 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 0.7 0.7 0.5.

18

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON SURVEY OF CHATOOGA COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound.
The following consolidations have been made within the past few years. A consolidation at Gore where four schools entered into the consolidation, and one at Teloga where two schools entered. The school at Gore is now an eleven grade high school and is applying for admittance to the accredited relation. New'buildings have been erected at both of these places, and also at Pine Grove. These buildings are a great improvement upon the type of rural building that existed before. The schools at Trion, Summerville, Lyerly and Menlo are creditable buildings.
The county has fifteen high schools, one of which is a private high school. The total enrollment of high school pupils in the county is 272. The high schools at Gore, Summerville, Trion, Lyerly, Taylor and Menlo are creditable high schools, two of these are now applying for admission to the accredited class. Some of the other high schools are teaching through the eighth grade only, and two of them have one teacher teaching all eight grades. This is not good educational economy. These two schools should either supply another teacher, or better, send their high schools pupils to a larger high school where high school pupils can be given adequate attention. The county now has too many high schools and it would be well if some of them were eliminated as suggested above, and their high school pupils sent to a larger and better school.
The following recommendations are made: 1. An extension of the length of term for all rural schools. The average length of term for the rural white school is six months; for the colored school, five months. 2. A continuation of the effort to improve the teachers. Much progress has been made in this particular in the past few years. Those not adequately prepared should attend summer
schools. 3. Elimination of a few of the buildings now used for school purposes, and the erection of better
ones. 4. The development of a consolidated school at Subligna and prehaps at Summerville and Lyerly. 5. The erection of at least one Rosenwald building for the negroes.

Population

MORGAN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20

Years School

Years

Per Cent

1920

7,256

12,886

20,142

6,136

4,253

3,339

366

22.4

1910

6,303

13,414

19,717

5,959

3,549

4,584

32.1

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

2,126

1923

1,912

Colored

Total

White

3,968 3,229

6,094

10

5,141

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
314 258

Total
324 264

Personal $1,235,975

Land $2,865,850

Corporation $453,982

Polls $1,521

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

19

RECORD OF MORGAN COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor.

SCHOOL
*Madison SthDist. A andM. 1_Buckhead Rutledge Apalachee Bostwick Godfreyx Swords Brobston Memorial CentennialDavis Enterprise Fairplay Fairview Greenwood Hawbon Mallory Pennington... Rock Spring Sugar Creek

CD

CD

9 13,910

9 11,320

9

4,295

9 3,385

8| 2,280

9 2,205

9

2,015

82 1,742

8

400

8

400

8

480

8

400

8

480

8

700

8

400

8

400

8

400

8

480

8

400

8

400

w
+ S3 w

4^

CD a

CD

a
r-t

+3
d

*-3 CD

CD

CD
03

a >,CD CD
03 M

Sec

03

ccS^

o

32 0 o H
CD 1

+J oW oO fl i--( iz; iz; W

1 CO

Wl
<!

30 n

16 11 13 10 8-11 7 6 11 7 6 10 6 4 10
7 10 3 10 3 15 26 17 17 27 17 17 27 17
16 17 27

12 1 11

7

6

7

6

6

2

4

1

4

4

3

2

3 ____ 2

1 1

1

1 1

1 ....

1 ___.

4 24 335 B-- C B A

1 . ,10 100 E E B-E A

2 236 C+ C A A

3 152 D B B A--

3 100____ D C C

2 167 D A C

1 75.-.'. B .

1 82 C E

D

1 20 C E

D

25 C

B

6

26 C

C

21...

D

3

42--

C

4

35--

C

30.__

DD

1

23

CDC

1

20

DDD

4 2 35 C D C

2 1 29

CDD

20..._ C C D

Total

8+ $ 46,492 71

t-Dormitories not sale from fire hazard.

X-Building burned Apr. 1st.

59 58 1 43 16 30 42 50 1,573---D+ C C +

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

;

Total

Number Accelerated

Number Normal

Number Retarded

%Accelerated

%Normal

%Retarded

Median Age

Med. Retardation

I II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

247 170 187 188 145 147 152 106 104

2

1

2

3

4

4

7

3

5

192 112 114 102 66 68 74 49 44

53 57 71 83 75 75 71 54 55

1 .5

1

1

3

2

4

2

5

77 66 60 54 45 47 49 46 42

22 33.5 39 45 52 51 47 52 53

6.9 8.5 9.77 10.8 122.1 13.5 13.8 15.4 16.1

0.5 0.7 0.8 1.1 1.5 0.8 1.4 1.1

XI Total

81 4 34 43 5 42 53 17.1 1.1

71 2 38 31 3 53 44
17.7. 0.7.

1,598 37 893 668 2 56 42

20

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON SURVEY OF MORGAN COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith.
The schools of Morgan County are in splendid condition. All of the white schools run from eight to nine months and are supported splendidly for the full term. In most of the school districts they have good buildings, well equipped and a large percent of them are properly lighted and ventilated. I have not been into a county in the state where as much attention has been given to landscape gardening. Morgan County schools afford a splendid example of how the school grounds can be made beautiful places at very small expense to the public.
There has been some consolidations made in the county within recent years. There is much need of further consolidation.
It would be wise for the Board and Superintendent to use Rutledge, Buckhead and Bostwick as central points for future consolidations. A large percent of the one and two teacher schools of the county could be carried to these central points at a very reasonable per capita cost. There are too many one and two-teacher schools in the county, considering the distance involved.
Madison has an independent system and has an excellent school. It is receiving aid from the Barret-Rogers fund and is taking care of the rural high school pupils on the same basis as the children in the city.
If Madison were to relinquish her system and become a part of the county system, continuing to be the Senior High School for the county, and Buckhead, Rutledge and Bostwick make the proper consolidations and continue to be standard Junior High Schools of the county, having transportation furnished pupils of the 10th and 11th grades to the Senior High School Morgan County would easily become one of the best examples of the real value to be derived from a county unit type of schools in the state.

MILLER COUNTY.

Population

UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20

Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920 1910

5,863

3,702

9,565

3,209

2,229

1,522

219

4,718

3,257

7,975

2,489

1,020

1,625

241

22.8 30.3

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,967

1923

1,973

Personal $581,840

Colored

Total

White

1,295

3,262

53

1,137

3,110

13

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $1,450,412

Corporation $86,652

Colored
231 27

Total
284 40

Polls $1,325

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

21

RECORD OF MILLER COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor.

SCHOOL

OolqulttHigh

Harmony

Enterprise

Bellview

Hand..

Boykin

Griggs

Grimes

McCormick

Porto Rico...

Spooner

Twilights

Babcock

Jones

KaneyHead

Kimbrel

McLendon..

_

Oak Grove.

Pine Hill..

2
03
m03

9 $ 7,580

6 2,100

6 1,530

6 1,350

6 1,140

6

750

6

750

6

630

6

750

6

750

6

750

6

840

6

390

6

450

6

450

6

450

6

450

6

450

6

450

10 11 9

6 11 5

494

3 10 3

3 10 3

282

272

282

292

72

282

2 82

28

17

1

17

1

15

1

17

1

17

1

17

1

as0)
N
+

03

03 M

03

<s


CO

a0


t1o

CD
tm
<

go

9 .... 2 1 16 315 B O

B

4 15

184.. E

B

... 4 4 3 ... 108 E C D

3

91__. E O D

3

85 E D D

112

55 E D D

111

47 E E C

... 2

1 --- 50.... E E D

1 ... 66.... E B C

59..-. E D D

78.... E B D

69.... E C C

2 .. 42 E C E

1 .. 1 .. 24. D D E

46. E C D

... 3

21 O E C D

1

38.... D C D

1 2 ..26 C C D

12

22 D E E

Total
Grade Total ._._ Number Accelerated Number Normal. Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal. %RetardedMedian Age Med. Retardation

6+ $ 22,010 46

45 31 14 33 12 23 20 16 1,421... E+C--D+

Age-Grade Retardation

II III IV

413 163 163 174 166

19 8 9 10 13

242 67 52 59 44

152 88 102 105 109

4

5

5

5

7

58 41 32 34 26

38 54 63 61 67

7.4 9.1 10.6 11.4 12.6

0.4 1.1 1.6 1.4 1.6

VI VII VIII
98 93 81 566 17 30 32 76 57 43 567 17 32 40 78 62 53 14.4 14.5 15.2 2.4 1.5 1.2

IX
58 6 19
33 10 33 57 16.2
1.2

33 3 17 13 9
54 37 16.5
0.5

XI Total

15 7 7 1 47 47 6 16.2. 0.2.

1,457 92
586 779
6 40 54

REPORT ON SURVEY OF MILLER COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound.
Miller County has 19 white schools and 15 colored schools. The average term in the county is six months for both white and colored pupils. At Colquitt the term is nine months. Here there is an accredited high school in group II.
With the exception of the brick buildings at Colquitt and Harmony the county has no very superior buildings. More money should be put into better buildings, and many of the schools consolidated into larger ones. There are now two consolidated schools in the county made up of four original schools.
There are 13 schools teaching high school subjects. Eight of these have an eighth grade with less than 25 pupils. The time of these teachers is taken from the pupils in the grammar grades and neither these pupils nor those in the eighth grade receive adequate time or attention. It would be better if these eighth grade pupils were sent to the Senior High School at Colquitt where they could get adequate

MMMMP

22

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON SURVEY OF MILLER COUNTY (Continued)

time from their teachers, and a high school better adapted to teach them. It is well for the county to have two or three junior high schools teaching the eighth and ninth grades, providing the attendance justifies and there is sufficient money to man such schools properly, but twelve of such schools for so small a county is educational extravagance.
When it is considered that Oak Grove is only five miles from Colquitt, McLendon five miles Grimes five miles, Boykin six miles, Kimbrel three miles and Hand five miles, it is readily seen that good consolidations are yet necessary and the big consolidated school should be at Colquitt. The county should support its senior high school at Colquitt as the State is giving to this school $1,000 per year from the Barrett-Rogers Act, and the county is furnishing $3.00 per month to each pupil of high school age in order to attend this school.
Many counties have eliminated the one-teacher school. One teacher schools may do satisfactory work under these conditions and these alone: the teacher should not teach more than four grades and such schools should be eliminated unless in isolated districts and too far away from a good consolidated school. The one teacher and two teacher schools are passing and should have gone with the passing of the ox-cart and the tallow dip.
Colquitt is now using a wooden building, an old residence, for its high school. This section has been hard hit on account of bad financial conditions which have prevailed here for a year or two Until the horizon clears financially, nothing can be done in reference to the improvement of the high school but the school authorities ought to keep this improvement in mind. At least one Rosenwald school should be built.

RICHMOND COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

34,975 30,447

28,639 28,390

63,614 58,837

14,058 13,255

11,186 8,885

6,878 6,205

493 351

13.2 13.0

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
8,684 9,665

Personal $12,661,820

Colored

Total

White

8,709

17,393

43

9,199

18,864

17

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $28,465,510

Corporation $4,888,515

Colored
290 76

Total
333 93

Polls $8,726

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

23

RECORD OF RICHMOND COUNTY. BY
R. B. Daniel, Supervisor.

SCHOOL
+Tubman +Academy of Richmond Co. JohnMilledge Woodlawn Davidson Houghton D'Antignac Monte Sano Central Hill King Mill Sibley Mill Turpin Hill Training Blythe Hephzibah Hood's Chapel Gracewood Bayvale Belair Evans Academy Friendship Goodwin McBean Morgan Perrin Pine Hill Rocks Mundy Rennison Ridge Augusta Cath. High Immaculate Con. Academy. _ Mt. St. Joseph Sacred Heart St. Mary

5)
CO
$ 61,200 53,650 34,320 36,510 23,945 22,775 13,965 13,515 12,105 12,975 6,240 3,840 2,100 10,215 14,460 15,700 9,360 4,680 2,640 1,60 2,460 2,160 2,100 1,800 2,460 1,920 2,100 2,100 900 900 900
9+

li

4J OS

CO

to

24 8-11 35 35 .... 30 5

27 8-12 24 24 ... 18 6

32

27 27

24 3

29

29 29

24 5

18

19 19

15 4

23

19 19

12 7

9

11 11

10 1

9

11 11

92

10

99

9.

9

10 10

10 .

5

66

6.

3

33

3.

2

22

1

6 6 ___. 6 .

11 11 12 12 .... 8

11 11 11 11 ___. 9

8 11 8 8 __._ 6

4 9 4 4 .... 4 .

2 2 .... 2 .

22

1

2 2 .... 2 .

22

2.

2 2 .... 2 .

2 2 .... 1

2 2 .... 2

22

2.

2 2 .... 1

22

1

11

1.

11

1.

11

1.

7 2-11 7

9

8 11 9

677

6 12 7

a

(3 oj 60

Mr)
03

03 .
do

2g2o

S5

m

9

756.... A A+A+

13

595

C C A+

1

1,147

AA

4

1,050 C

BA

2

523..,.

CA

4

625....

AA

1

333

DC

3

295

DA

.' 306 275

BC
Cc

1

161

CCD

81 .... D D

50. D C D

4

235

CAA

208

BO A

2

147

DC C

2

80

EBC

1

58 D B C D

37

CD D

1

69

DCD

2

53

DDD

54

E ED

1

46.... C C C

41

E

C

1

57D-- B

D

35.... D

D

47

D

C

1

27

E DE

36

EDE

28

D DD

125

AC C

436

E CA

139

AC B

156

B

106

CC

Total..
Grade Total Number Accelerated. Number Normal Number Retarded %Acelerated 7o* %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation.

9 $375,855 292 308 269 223 46 54 __ ..222 8,417. ._ c-- c-- c

Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Total

.1,195 775 868 729 768 537 582 454 349 270 245 121

._ 132 86 57 81 87 55 71 16 21 20 28 5

._ 829 468 457 324 376 282 293 336 252 198 193 108

._ 234 221 354 324 305 200 218 102 76 52 24

.. 11 11

11 11 10 12 3 6 7 11

__ 69 60 52 44.5 49 52 50 74 72 73 78 90

.. 20 29 42 44.5 40 38 38 23 22 20 11

6

.. 6.9 8.1 9.6 10.6 11.5 12.3 13.4 13.0 14.9 15.7 16.5 17.6

0.1 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.4

.

6,893 659
4,116 2,118
9 60 31

24

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON SURVEY OF RICHMOND COUNTY BY
Roland B. Daniel.
The public schools of Augusta and Richmond County were organized in 1872 under an act of the General Assembly of Georgia and have been in continuous, operation since that date. The development has been gradual and for the most part in keeping with the best educational thought of the times.
The organization of the Board, however, is unusual. Although composed of high class citizens, the organization is not in line with the best thought on this subject. It is composed of forty-eight members, eighteen of whom are chosen from the six wards of Augusta, and thirty are chosen from the districts and villages of Richmond County. The school population of the city of Augusta is 14,838, while the population of the county outside the city is only 4,026. It seems that Augusta, having the larger population and the greater amount of wealth, should have the larger representation on the Board. It has been the experience of other school systems that smaller Boards work more effectively than larger ones. It is claimed, however, that the large number of members and the unusual organization have not interfered with the progress of the school system. Looking however to the future, it is believed it might be to the best interest of the schools to reorganize as outlined above.
The Superintendent of the schools of Augusta and Richmond County enjoys the distinction of having served in this capacity forty one years. He has a national reputation as an author of text-books and school administrator. His career is one that any man might be proud of. During all these years he has been the professional adviser of the Board, and the system very largely represents his educational views.
While buildings and equipment are provided for all children attending school, the system is behind in this respect, as are most other systems in this country. There are only five brick buildings owned by the Board, while two others are in course of construction. The plant of the Academy of Richmond County is brick, but it is not owned by the Board of Education. All the others are frame structures. While they are comfortable and well kept, the fire hazard is rather great in all of them. In order to lessen the danger to children from fire, school buildings either ought to be of fire proof construction or one story. Both High School buildings in the city of Augusta are quite inadequate for the pupils now attending them. The Board of Education, it seems, is working out a building program at this time to cover a period of years, and in this way they hope to replace all the larger frame structures with brick buildings.
There are several consolidated schools in Richmond County, and these are working successfully. There are still, however, too many one and two room schools. A general plan of consolidation has been worked out, and it is the purpose of the Board to continue to consolidate schools as finances may permit.
At this time three schools outside of Augusta in Richmond County are doing high school work.' These schools are located at Hood's Chapel, Blythe and Hephzibah. In the interest of economy there should be some consolidation in these high school departments. Two years of high school work might be done in two of these schools and the four year course continued in one of them. This arrangement should prove to be more economical and the educational results should be equally good.
Well rounded courses of study are offered in aU the grammar schools. In the larger ones better and richer programs are carried out than it is possible in the smaller ones. Practically the same arguments hold for the consolidation of schools in cities as in the rural districts. Large schools are more economically administered and can offer richer educational programs.
Tubman High School, a school for girls, and the Academy of Richmond County, a school for boys, are offering five year courses. In the case of the former the additional year is used as a kind of preparatory year for high school, while the latter is doing in its fifth year the freshman work of the colleges. It would seem that Tubman High School should also advance its work and do freshman college work. This would seem to be a better expenditure of this additional high school year than the present arrangement.
The city of Augusta and Richmond County would find a Public Library supported by taxation a great educational asset especially if it is vitally connected with the Public School System.
Upon the whole the children of Augusta and Richmond county enjoy good educational opportunities. The course of study are satisfactory and the teaching force, including the officials, is of a very high class. The scholarship of the high school teachers is particularly impressive. The spirit of all connected with the System is fine. All seem interested in the work and anxious to go forward, while there are none who are pulling back.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

25

WILCOX COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

8,207

7,302

15,509

4,928

3,683

2,108

268

19.3

1910

7,981

5,505

13,486

4,183

2,746

2,117

238

22.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

2,704

1923

2,955

Personal $605 315

Colored

Total

White

2,150 2,135

4,854

31

5,090

23

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

$2,795,045

$457,664

RECORD OF WILCOX COUNTY BY
J. C. Dukes, Supervisor.

Colored
154 133

Total
185 156

Polls $2,097

SCHOOL
Abbeville Rochelle Pitts Pineview Owensboro Seville Center Powers Buena Vista Bush Pope City Double Run Oklahoma
Total

CO CD
!H
OS
3
CQ

9 $ 11,430

9 9,180

9 5,985

9 4,194

6 1,680

7 1,820

6 1,440

7 1,260

6

720

6

630

6

960

6

300

6

390

8

a

0a


o

PS en

"A

14 11 14 13

10

17 11 12 10

10

10 10 9 8

6

6 11

4

69

3

49

1

48

2

38

2

27

1

27

1

37

1

18

17

>> CD

Pi

03 60

CO
oW

do-3

a
+3

sCD

p.

go n

Bc

14 1 5 602 O E B A

8 4 4 424B-- D A A

5 3 1 362 C-- D A A

3 2 3 246 D C B B

4 1 1 146 E A A

3 3 1 88DOAD

2

125

EAC

23

114

DDC

1

50C-- D D D

1

52

DE D

2 1 .... 63 C-- E A B

1

20

EEE

1

36_._. E E D

7+ $ 39,989 73 63 45 18 42 21 47 18 15 2,328,,._ E+ C+ C+

26

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF WILCOX COUNTY (Continued)

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total

Number Accelerated

Number Normal

Number Retarded

%Accelerated

%Normal

%Retarded

Median Age

'I

Med. Retardation

575 315 279 286 241 210 157 121 73 37

20 27 15 14 17 20

1

1

3

1

356 130 130 112 89 69 55 54 30 16

199 158 134 160 135 121 101 86 40 20

3955791143

62 41 46 39 33 32 35 28 41 43

35 50 49 56 60 59 54 71 55 54

7.3 9.0 9.9 11.3 12.3 13.3 14.6 15.8 16.1 17.1

0.3 1.0 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.8 1.1 1.1

32~~ 6
22 4 18 70 12 17.0

2,326 125
1,043 1,158
6 45 49

REPORT ON SURVEY OF WILCOX COUNTY
BY J. C. Dukes.
Wilcox has done a splendid work in consolidation. There are thirteen white schools in the county. Four years ago there were thirty-eight. With one other consolidation, which should and probably will take place, the number would be reduced to ten. Oklahoma, Double Run, Bush and Buena, Vista should be consolidated. This would result in better advantages for the children in this section of the county.
There are no independent systems in Wilcox. Abbeville and Rochelle were formerly independent systems, but have recently gone into the county system. There is a general feeling that the change was a wise one.
High School ac?tvnta'ges are offered every child in the county. Abbeville and Rochelle are Senior High Schools, and are open to all High School pupils free of charge. Fitts and Fineview are recognized by the Board as Junior High Schools. Two four-teacher schools are teaching Junior High work at present. The smaller schools are limited to seven grades.
Where consolidation has taken place the buildings and equipment are above the average. Especially is this true of the buildings. There are six new buildings in the county. Two others have recently been remodeled. These buildings range in value from $5,000 to $50,000.
Adequate financial support has been provided for the schools. A county wide levy of 5 mills is made by the County Board. Nine of the thirteen districts supplement the county wide levy with a district levy of 5 mills for maintenance. Two districts levy 4 mills. One district makes a levy of 3 mills. One district has no levy. Eight districts are levying 5 mills to retire bonds which were voted for building purposes. The districts own #nd operate all trucks and wagons that are used for transporting pupils.
The County Board provides a term of six months for all white and colored schools. It is recommended that a close co-operation exist between the district trustees and the County Board and Superintendent for the following reasons :
1. To secure full value for every dollar of district money disbursed. 2. To secure, if possible, a term of nine months for all the schools. At present four districts
have nine months, two districts have seven months, and seven districts have six months. 3. To secure experienced and better trained teachers. A primary supervisor would add greatly to the effeciency of the system.

Population

PICKENS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

7,898

324

8,222

2,586

2,067

561

37

9.6

1910

8,601

440

9,041

2,634

1,819

1,094

92

17.6

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

27

PICKENS COUNTY (Continued) STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

2,327

1923

2,504

Personal $959,098

Colored

Total

White

94

2,421

78

130

2,634

28

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

$828,781

1

$225,419

RECORD OF PICKENS COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor.

Colored 2

Total
80 28

Polls $1,705

SCHOOL
Tate Jasper Marble City Jr. High_ Blaine Green Griffeth Harmony Hinton Indian Pine Ludville McDaniel Philadelphia Talking Rock Ball Creek Bennett Bruce Cagle Cross Roads Evans Federal Harris Holt Jerusalem Jones Pharr Salem Town Creek Weaver Whitestone Yellow Creek
Total.

a
a>

e) to
14,715 2,240 2,970 720 450 570 750 750 690 750 640 670 1,255 300 300 300 300 300 300 330 360 390 300 300 300 330 300 330 390 330

P so
11 11 14 14 .. 11 ._ 4
1. 1 1_ 1. 1.

a

$

aS a>s2so,
CO ,

39 =*

6W oO

01

8 1 11 303 C

A

4

151 C O

B

3 3 1 164___. E

B

61. E

D

72, E C E

77_ E D D

104_ E C E

62, E D E

E CD

____ 77__ E D D

.... 63__ E C D

.___ 95.. E C D

.... 106_. E D E

.___ 38._ E C E

47

ECD

38 E c D

30____ E c E

37

E DE

49

E DE

55

E CE

67

E DE

48

EBD

36

CCD

21

E DE

47

E CE

49

E CE

41

E DE

57____ E C D

3

43____ E C E

45

DCE

_6+ j.32,630 53 __.. 59 43 16 41 18 40 13 13 2,143... E+C--D-

28
Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded. %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedlanAge Med. Retardation

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS PICKENS COUNTY (Coninued)

Age-Grade Retardation

I S S IV V VI VD VBO K X xT~ Total

606 267 290 262 220 189 196 55 32 13 11

25 11 12 6 5 3 3 4 1

1

318 83 88 65 61 45 29 13 5 8 6

263 173 190 191 154 141 164 38 26 5 4

444221 173

9

52 31 30 25 30 23 15 24 16 61 54

44 65 66 73 68 76 84 69 81 39 37

7.7 9.6 10.7 12.0 13.0 14.5 15.6 16.8 17.0 16.5 17.5

0.7 1.6 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.0 0.5 0.5

2 141 71 721
1 ,349 3 33
64

REPORT ON SURVEY OF PICKENS COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard.
Pickens County has thirty white schools and two colored schools. Tate High School is a Senior High School while Jasper and Marble Hill High Schools do nine grades of work. Tate High School should qualify as an accredited school. The county Board uses the budget sustem of appropriating available resources and stays within the income for educational purposes.
The standard of qualification of teachers has been raised noticeably during the past few years; however, this standard should be raised further.
All two-story buildings have been safeguarded against fire hazard. The compulsory attendance law is being reasonably well enforced. Measles and Mumps have greatly reduced the average attendance
in the schools during this winter. Recommendations: 1. Consolidations contemplated at Talking Rock, Hinton, and Ludville should be made as early as possible. 2. A Senior High School should be established at Jasper which will require a new building located upon a larger plot than the present one. 3. Tate High School should apply for accrediting. 4. Better roads should be constructed in the vicinity of the schools for the sake of attendance. 5. Better bildings in many places are a necessity. 6. The Nelson High School should be placed wholly in Pickens County as the larger part of the town and its industries as well as patrons are in Pickens County. This move may be made by concurrent action of grand juries of Cherokee and Pickens Counties.

1920 1910
1918 1923

Population

BARROW COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White 10,136

Colored 3,051

Total 13,187

6-18 Years 4,060

Attending School 3,041

Over 10 Years
1,104

16-20 Years

Per Cent 11.4

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White
3,168 3,133

Colored
1,111 941

Total
4,279 4,074

White
39 28

Colored
82 43

Total
121 71

Personal
$798,141 -Organized since 1910.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
BARROW COUNTY (Continued) TAXABLE VALUE 1828.

Land $2,253,631

Corporation $456,814

RECORD OP BARROW COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor.

29
Polls $2,151

SCHOOL
Winder High Winder Mill Statham Auburn Bethlehem Cook's Consolidated ^Southeastern Coll. Christian Victron Bethel Carter Hill Cedar Creek Central Chandler County Line Maddox Paradise Thompson's Argonne
Cedar Hill Liberty Maynes Mt. Bethel --Mt. Tabor Mulberry Parrish Rockwell

S3 CO
$17,820 1,125 5,130 2,000 2,440 1,530

930

690

660

720

720

675

675

690

69 0

520

6

450

6

210

6

450

6

420

6

450

4

160

6

450

450

450

a

18 11 19 19

2 4 2 2_

6 11

49

4 10

49

10 8-11

2 7 3 ....

2821

2821

2 7 2 2.

2 8 2 2.

2 7 2 2.

3821

2721

2821

2

21

2

11

1

1

2

11

2

11

1

11

1

1

2

1

2

1

2

11

d

esgi

Ma

a! 03 M

fct 5

03

05 o

+

dO

S5

pq

13

12 2 12 600B+ C B A

1

1

55.--- E D C

6

193B+ ABB

2

2 15 ---- 145B+ E D D

2

3 5 108

CEB

3

2 2 _ _ 145

EAC

3 1 2.

37 . E B B

122

.E E E

2

83.-- . E D E

111

62-__ . E D E

1 123

83__- . E E E

1 1 ?,

71--. . E D D

.1 1 2 3

4-6_ _ - . E D D

1 1 15

62... E D D

2

60. _. E D D

2

73.. . E D E

11

77... . E E E

1

63... . D D E

11

31-- . E D D

1 1 4 1 55... . D D E

2

36.-. . E D D

--- 1 1 1

46... _ E D O .22-.. E

1

22-.. T> E E

1

60.. E C D

41__ D D D

Total.....

6+ $40'505

84 .... 74 61 13 50 24 37 43 13 2,346_... E+D+ D

J-A private denominational school. -The children in this school should

go

to

Statham,

but

the

truck

is

not

large

enough

to

accommodate

them.

30
Grade

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

BARROW COUNTY (Continued) Age Grade Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX X XI

Total

Total

Number Accelerated,

Number Normal

Number Retarded

^Accelerated

%Normal

%Retarded

.

Median Age

Med. Retardation,,

578 252 293 270 261 202 208 124 17 5 6 4 5 10 13 15
377 124 130 105 92 81 68 60 184 123 157 161 164 111 127 49
3 2 2 1 2 5 6 12 65 50 44 39 35 40 32 48 32 48 54 60 63 55 62 40 7.4 8.9 10.1 11.5 12.5 13.2 14.6 14.5 0.4 0.9 1.1 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.6 0.5

78 69 37 12 5 4 42 36 21 24 28 12 15 7 10 | 53 52 56 32 41 34 15.2 16.6 17.5 0.2 0.6 0.5

2,372 96
1,139 1,140
4 48 48

REPORT ON SURVEY OF BARROW COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin.

Barrow County has twenty-two white schools outside of Winder. All of them could be consolidated into seven. This would give them a most excellent system. Cook's Consolidated, and the Pepperton Schools are creditable ones. These houses were built after approved plans. Many of the school buildings are of the old type, and very little attention is given to their up keep.
A number of the schools still have "summer terms" and two part time teachers. When the spring attendance runs low, the assistant teacher is dropped, and the principal "teaches the time out". Such a plan is usually carried out at the expense of the children.
It is claimed that the new court house in Winder cost $200,000.00, and that the jail cost $50,000.00. This debt is the peoples' excuse for not levying more local tax for schools.
Winder has an independent system of schools. The high school building is completely new, but has a most undesirable location. Situated as it is at the junction of two noisy streets, and very near a cemetery, the children have almost no ground on which to play, and the constant traffic on both sides is extremely hazardous to human life.
However, there are some very bright spots on the otherwise dark picture. Earnest and painstaking teachers, clean and attractive rooms are found, and the superintendent is doing what he can to improve conditions.

TALIAFERRO COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending School

Over 10 Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

2,611

6,230

,841

2,774

1,856

1,507

176

23.6

1910

2,316

6,450

,766

3,325

1,718

1,707

186

27.3

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

735

1,811

2,546

6

93

99

1923

746

1,755

2,501

1

37

38

Personal $372,025

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

TALLIATERRO COUNTY (Continued) TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

$1,161,294

$142,137

RECORD OF TAILFERRO COUNTY. BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor, April, 1924.

31
Polls $1,193

SCHOOL
Crawfordville Carter's Grove Sandy Cross.., Sharon Center Hill Edgewood Jennings Lunceton Lyneville Margaret's Grove Rayt own Riverside Robinson Sacred Heart

Sc o

6

CM

Z

9 $5,895

10

7

1,120

9

8 1,120

8

9

1,665

10

7

456

7

7

450

7

7

512

7

7

453

9

8

525

7

7

840

9

7

630

9

7

525

7

7

612

7

9

7

H

I-is > P.

do

PS

2S 2?

a
p.

60 go C

10 211 C C A A

2

63 D A D E

1

36 E D C E

2 2 49 E A C D

16.... D D D

... 3 .... 23-... E D C

1 ..

1 1 .... 25_-_. D D D

1 1 .... 14-... E D D

1 ... 1 5

22 E C D D

1 ... 1

44 E C C D

1 ... ... 2 1 19 E A D D

1 ... 1

26 D D D C

1 _-. ... 12

33--_ B E D

4

40_

EA

Total..

Grade

Total

i>

Number AcceleratedNumber Normal

Number Retarded.._

%Accelerated

%Normal

^Retarded

Median Age

Med. Retardation

7+ $14,803 26 25 19 6 23 2 15 29 13 621. ... C D+B+ Age-Grade Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

98 67 64 74 59 74 58 47 41 26 13

12

2

4

5

1

3

3

5

8

4

2

72 50 36 46 31 35 18 22 21 17

9

14 15 24 23 27 36 37 20 12 5 2

12

3

6

7

2

4

5 11 19 15 15

73 75 56 62 12 47 31 47 51 65 70

15 22 38 31 46 49 64 42 30 20 15

7.2 8.2 9.3 10.5 11.9 12.9 14.6 14.7 15.4 16.4 17.3

0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.9 1.6 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.3

Total
621 49
357 215
8 57 35

REPORT ON SURVEY OF TALIAFERRO COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith. All the schools of Taliaferro County run from seven to nine months and are well attended for the
entire term. This county has a county unit system and transportation is given to pupils out of reach of a Junior
and Senior High School. Some consolidations have been made with Stephens Institute at Crawfordville. The Board and Superintendent have some splendid plans for future consolidations, and the soon-
er they can put these plans into effect the better it will be for the children of the county. Stephens Institute at Crawfordville receives State aid under the Barrett-Rogers Act, and is a splen-
did example of what a central Senior High School can do for the entire county. There is probably not another school in the State having as large percentage of its enrollment in the High School.

32

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

GILMER COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years | School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

8,368

1910

9,166

38

8,406

2,639

1,755

687

71'

9,237

2,730

1,820

1,071

32

11.5

99

16.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

1918

3,020

21

3,041

43

1923

3,043

11

3,054

46

1

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Total
43 47

Personal
$433,133
Grade Total Number Accelerated. Number Normal Number Retarded.__ %Accele rated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

Land

Corporation

Polls

$1,090,499

$242,517

Age-Grade Retardation

$1,629

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

542 237 251 347 267 153 147 42 17 16 2 2,021

48 6 7 12 8 5 1 4

4

95

271 102 77 103 44 28 18 223 129 167 232 215 120 128
9 25 2 3 3 3 1 50 43 30 30 17 18 12 41 54.5 68 67 80 79 87
7.6 9.3 10.8 11.7 13.7 14.8 15.6 0.6 1.3 1.8 1.7 2.7 2.8 2.6

10 28 10 24 66 16.0
2.0

5 12
30 70 17.1
2.1

8

666

42

1,260

25

4

50

32

25 100

64

15.6 19.0

2.0_...

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

33

RECORD OF GILMER COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor.

SCHOOL

*Gilmer County High

9

Oakland Clear Creek

____ 6 6

EastEllljay

9

Mt. Vernon

_6

NewHope

"'. 6

Rock Creek

6

Alpine Ayers Beren, Big Creek

"' 6
6
6
6

Blue Ridge

6

Bucktown

6

Cashes Valley

6

CherryLog

6

Chopped Oak

6

Clayton

6

Covington

6

Cross Reads

6

Flat Branch

6

Gates Chapel

6

Harmony.

6

Harper

_6

Kennemer

_. 6

McArthur

6

Mountain View Institute...... 6

Mt. Pisgah

6

Mt. Town

6

Ninemile

6

North Cutt

6

Oak Grove

6

OakHill

.' 6

Owltown

6

Pisgah

6

Pleasant Gap

1

Pleasant Hill

6

Protection

6

Ridgeway

6

Rolston

6

Salem

6

Santa Luca

6

Sharp

6

Tail's Creek

6

Talona

6

TurniptowM

6

Twiggs

6

Warlick

6

03
$8,145
1>320
516
780
516 546 510
330
300
300 180 216 216 216 216 216 30o 216 330 350 300 330 330 216 300 300 330 300 300 180 216 300 300 300 165 330 300 216 180 216 330 216 216 216 216 300 300

Total

6+ $22,922

0)

10 11 10 10 .. 3 7 3 3 ..

2

2

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1 ..

2

1 _.

1

1

2

1

1

1

1

1

1 ..

1

1

1

1

1

1

CD
1 _. 1 .. 1 __ 1 .. 1 .. 1 _. 1 .. 1 .. 1 _. 1 .. 1 _. 1 ..

03
03
o'O

M El
S3

aft

go

m

1 12 294 A

BA

3 1 151....

BB

59..._

DE

20.

79 D

DD

56

E DE

56

ECE

57

E CE

40

ECE

26

E DE

20_... E E E

16

EEE

32

EEE

30_._. D D D

1

33.... DDE

1

34

EEE

1

23

E DE

11

40.... E D E

46

ECE

41

E DE

31

E OE

27

E OE

17 E C E

67

E DE

22_.__ C D E

35_... E D E

43____ E C E

38.... E B C

35

E DE

32.... COD

33

E DD

20

CCD

29_... E D E

34____ E D E

51_... E E E

21

E CE

38

E CD

32

E DE

25.._. E C D

23,,__. E E D

24.... E D E

41.... DOE

12

33

DCE

1 2 .... 34_... D D E

11

24

EDE

1

27

E OE

1

34

E DE

1

45.... E D E

65

63 41 22 44 19 41 48 17 2,048 E+D+E+

34

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT OF GILMER COUNTY SURVEY BY
Geo. D. Godard.
The schools of Gilmer County consist of forty-six white schools and one small colored school. The Ellijay public school is a local system, but is approved by the county board of education as the county high school. This school is an accredited high school of eleven grades, and is doing splendid work, judging from tests and observation.
Ellijay high school is the only school in the county doing high school work worthy of account. The geographic barriers of the surface of the county, together with the poor roads have prevented consolidation of schools to any extent. Two minor consolidations have been made and others are contemplated until better roads aremade, it will be impossible to make more than a few minor consolidations. However, these ccntclidaticES shculd reduce the nvrrter of schools to thirty. Thirty schols would give fifteen square miles to the school district. This reduction in the number of schools might necessitate some re-location of school centers which would doubtless better conditions. Of the 55 teachers, 22 have only 7th grade preparation; 11 only 8th grade training; 11 have 9th grade; 6 have 10th grade; 4 have 11th grade; and one 3 years of college work. 40% of the teachers have only 7th grade training. It may be readily seen that good schools for the county are an impossibility so long as conditions make the employment of low grade teachers a necessity. Under the conditions prevailing, the strict enforcement of the compulsory attendance law has
been judged impossible. The school houses are of the old type, generally, only a few conforming to modern plan. The Ellijay High School has a splendidly equipped faculty, a moderately well furnished building,
and an interested student body. Several rural teachers are enrolling in the upper grades at the close of
their rural schools. It is recommended that Ellijay be merged into a school district with power of taxation, and that a
primary school of four grades with one teacher be placed within this district at East Ellijay. This school should have a nice, modern well equipped one-room school house. In no event should more than one teacher be given to said school. If it should become necessary, the fourth grade should be sent to Elli-
jay. Recommendations: 1. Several minor consolidations of schools should be made, reducing the present number of 46
to 30 schools. 2. The county Board of Education should make the full constitutional levy of five mills for
schools, instead of 3? mills as at present. 3. That a better prepared class of teachers be employed. 4. That fuller recognition of the Ellijay High School be made, on the part of the County Board of
Education, by a larger contribution in the form of tuition for the rural pupils attending said
school. 5. That greater inducement be offered to rural boys and girls to enter the Ellijay High School,
(which is the county high school) that they may obtain higher training. 6. And last biit not least, that the roads near schools be improved in order to strengthen school
interest.

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education
N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Act of October 3,1917, authorized October 5,1923.

Vol.1

Atlanta, June 1, 1924

No. 15

To His Excellency, Hon. Clifford Walker, Governor of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.
Dear Sir:
I have the honor to transmit through you to the General Assembly the 52nd Annual Report of the Department of Education of the State of Georgia.
The law requires of the State Superintendent that he submit through you to the General Assembly the many details, both financial and administrative, of the State School System.
A later Act requires the publishing of a Blue Book in which the reports should be considerably condensed. Obeying both the spirit and the letter of the law, we hand you herewith our recommendations and report. All other items enumerated in the Act requiring this report have either been previously published, or are now being published in the Georgia State School Items, which have been sent semimonthly to each member of the General Assembly and, in addition, will.be bound together and presented to every member. While this is a departure from the procedure heretofore, we feel sure it will give in detail the operations of the school system of Georgia far more completely than has heretofore been given.
ATTENDANCE
The bane of all school systems, as well as the greatest loss, is due most to the enrollment and nonattendance of those who enroll. The statistics heretofore given upon attendance have of necessity been but guess work, since there was an attempt to consolidate two separate terms of the school. That accurate statistics might be obtained, last fall we directed that attendance cards be sent to each school, upon which a record of each child should be made, that would show their absences in any calendar month. It was an effort to determine what effect the industries, weather, or sickness, might have upon the attendance during any particular period of the year. The consolidation of these reports is not yet completed, but as soon as it is completed, it will be published in the School Items, and will form a part of this report.
Too many children reported in the census do not enroll in school. Too many who are enrolled do not attend school with any regularity. This places a double burden upon the state and double expense, either the children are not educated or else it is accomplished at great cost.
Last fall, in inspecting one of the very best of the consolidated schools of Georgia, located in a fertile valley, in which the chief occupation of the people was that of raising cotton, at the time of visitation the fields were white. There was a great necessity upon the farmers to gather it as soon as possible, that rain and storms might not lower its grade, and that they might get it in marketable condition at once. The ordinary enrollment of the school in this particular section was approximately 500 children. We found less than 200 present. The other 300 were in the cotton fields, picking cotton. Although the parents of the children had sufficient means to hire help, there was none to be obtained and necessity forced them to take their children out of school. The question naturally arises, Can a school be successfully taught under these conditions?" Would it not be better to have separate terms and, during the season that the industry of the community demands their children at home, let this be a vacation period? By this means all the children could attend the maximum term of school; otherwise, if it remains as it is. those children who do attend must stop and "beat time" for those who are out, as they return to catch up with them.
We hope that when this report is thoroughly digested it will answer satisfactorily many questions involving the attendance and enrollment of the children in the schools. It will at least be the first attempt to gather accurate stastistics on attendance and the causes for non-attendance.

2

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

SURVEY
There exists great inequality in educational opportunity for the children in different sections throughout the state. Some children have opportunity for attending school but four months, and are often taught for this short period by inferior teachers. Other children have opportunity for attending nine months, in buildings well equipped and taught by most excellent teachers. That this condition might be inquired into and remedies suggested to correct it, we directed a survey of the entire state to be made by the supervisors and with practically no additional expense to the state, and without diverting the supervisors from their work as indicated by the statutes creating them.
Mr. M. L. Duggan, the veteran supervisor, was assigned to direct this work, assisted by supervisors E. A. Pound, I. S. Smith, J. O. Martin, George D. Godard, and Walter B Hill. In addition to the supervisors, Supt. W. A. Sutton, assisted by Miss Mary Postell and Mr. M. E. Ooleman, Superintendents J. O. Dukes, Roland Bower, O. B. Gibson, Lawton B. Evans, J. E. Mathis, R. B. Daniel, L. M. Lester, J. M. Starr, and Walter McMichael, and the three Normal Schools, under the direction of their Presidents, Dr. Jere M. Pound, of the State Normal School, Athens, Ga., Dr. M. M. Parks, Georgia State College for Women, Milledgeville, Ga., and President R. H. Powell, of the Georgia State Womans College, Valdosta, Ga., all contributed valuable assistance in this survey, and wonderful cooperation was given by the county and city superintendents and the county and city Boards of Education.
This survey has gathered a vast amount of material. While it has not yet been digested, or even completely compiled, still it forms a basis for future comparison of growth in the school system of Georgia. Below I give a brief report of Mr. Duggan upon this survey.

REPORT OF M. L. DUGGAN,
Rural School Agent for Georgia.
The field forces of the State Department of Education have devoted practically their whole time during the current school year just ending in making a hurried survey of the schools and county and city school systems of every county in the state. After assisting them in this field work for the first few months the extension forceof the Georgia State College for Women has worked in the office tabulating the results of these investigations and arranging some of the most significant facts for publication. These consolidations and tabulations by counties have been published in the School Items, a bulletin issued semi-monthly from the State Department of Education, with a few hasty comments upon each one by the particular supervisor who had covered that county. Sometimes a few simple recommendations were added. However, it has been impossible during the strenuous progress of this state-wide work to deliberately study or accurately interpret this great mass of detailed information, and much time and thought will yet be given to it before any final or valuable report can be made. An immense amount of detailed work has been done upon this survey both in the field and in the office, and it cannot be claimed to be absolutely accurate in its every detail, but the information recorded has been obtained at first hand by the field forces from personal inspection of the schools, from the teachers, and from the offices of the county school superintendents.
With no direct aid given by the Legislature, it would have been impossible for the regular field forces of the Department of Education to have accomplished such an extensive survey without the aid of the Extension Department of the Georgia State College for Women and we here acknowledge our indebtedness to President Parks for this invaluable assistance. We desire, also, to acknowledge our indebtedness and express our appreciation for this faithful service personally to Miss Lurline Parker, Miss Sarah Mell Duggan and Miss Rebecca Hearn through whom the G. S. C. W. has done its extension work. This institution has rendered valuable aid to the State Department of Education and the public schools of Georgia through these young ladies for several years, and in acknowledging our indebtedness and appreciation we desire furthermore to express the earnest hope that the college may be able to continue this service through future years Besides the aid rendered through the G. S. C. W., we have been occasionally aided by Miss Euri Belle Bolton, of Peabody College for Teachers; Miss Elizabeth Holt, of G.S.C. W; the superintendents of several city and county systems; the Georgia State Womans College; the State Normal School; and others; to all of whom we are indebted.
It is not our purpose to discuss the survey in this report but only desire to call attention to it as published in the SCHOOL ITEMS and to request the aid of all good citizens and school officials in its true interpretation.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
CONSOLIDATIONS AND SCHOOL BUILDING
Consolidation of small schools into lafg er schools is not necessarily the panacea of all the ills that afflict the school system. Indeed, it is better not to consolidate than to unwisely do it. Many consolidations have been highly beneficial; many others have really done harm. It is better to go very slow in consolidating; develop first a strong sentiment in favor of it; be honest with the community affected; tell them that it will cost morein dollars and cents than their one-teacher school, but that they will have better schools and their children better advantages on account of the consolidation. The chief argument favoring consolidation is that a teacher can do better work in giving five hours to one grade of children than she can possibly do by dividing this time among seven grades. In other words, under the latter plan she can give but one-seventh of the school time to any one grade of children. Too often in this school there are a few pupils in the eighth and ninth grades that consume nearly half of the teacher's time, to the neglect of the other children of the school.
There has been a considerable cessation of building of new school houses for the last two years, due to the present depression that has affected the entire state. While the gross amount invested is considerable, a large part of it is due to the more than two million dollars invested by the city of Atlanta in school buiJdings.-However, all over the state where buildings are inadequate and insufficient, a strong sentiment is developing in favor of the erection of new, up-to-date and commodious school buildings and nothing but the poverty of the different communities prevents. The law permits a community to issue bonds up to seven per cent of its taxable value, but with the farmers' fields for the last two years devasted by insects and deluged by rains, though the maximum value was assessed, it would not be sufficient to build such a schoolhouse as the community needs and ought to have. We therefore earnestly urge that the State provide a fund, either by bond issue or otherwise, at least to match the fund raised by these communities that they might erect school buildings suitable for the needs of the communities. Only by this means can Georgia's children have equal opportunity in regard to school buildings.
I herewith append a report upon this question by Mr. M. L. Duggan, who has given much time and attention to the matter, both of consolidation and school buildings.
CONSOLIDATIONS.
By M. L. Duggan.
From the school survey and from other sources of information it is evident that the public demand for the consolidation of little one-teacher schools into larger and more efficient consolidated schools is growing in Georgia much faster than the financial ability of school officials to build and maintain them. We have arrived at a period of public school development where now the main question of consolidation is no longer a problem of public sentiment, but a problem of the ability of school officials to finance them. And this has become a serious problem in many instances. We are frequently called upon lately to discuss with Boards of Education and communities this now commonly current problem. It is strictly a business rather than a professional problem, and should be considered by business men in a business-like way. The failure to solve this problem in the beginning of the movement has been the only cause to which we could attribute the failures of the few consolidations which have gone to pieces. However, there have been extremely few consolidations in Georgia that have not proven successful, and a consolidated shcool in any county stands as the strongest possible argument for consolidation. We have experimented in the "little schools" at the expense of our children too long already. We have wasted the taxpayers' money and the opportunities of their children until temporizing further falls little short of educational crime. It is time for us to apply business methods to the organization and administration of our county school systems, and it is gratifying to know that public sentiment is demanding this more and more each year.
Under the vigorous leadership of Miss Elizabeth Holt and others remarkable and gratifying progress has been made in creating a public demand for better and permanent school houses and in educating school officials in the important matter of public school architecture. The many model school buildings recently erected in nearly every section of the State stands as strongest appeals for better physical conditions generally, and not much longer will any community be satisfied with the temporary shacks in which they have never taken much interest. More and more does the public realize that permanent public buildings should be paid for by bond issues, and that generally the longer these bonds are in maturing the more permanent will be the construction of the buildings. Under legal limitations many rural communities can not issue bonds sufficient in amount to adequately house a consolidated school. The question arises whether or not some equalizing fund through state-wide bond issues should not lend

pre

4

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

aid to such communities. Good public roads greatly facilitate consolidation of rural schools. These two public interests are of first and equal importance. The advisability of building permanent roads by bond issues is generally conceded in business circles. It is very probable that a joint campaign at a proper time for a State bond issue to be equitably divided for public rural schools and public rural roads would be looked upon with favor by the voters of the State. The results of such a campaign, if successful, would tremendously accelerate the progress in rural school education in Georgia.
NEGRO SCHOOLS

The report of Rev. George D. Godard, herewith appended, is so complete and our agreement with his conclusions is so definite that there is no need of futher comment.
Report By GEO. D. GODARD

In making any statement an illustration by means of figures makes it easier of understanding.

Hence, the figures offered below will make plain the progress which has been made in the colored schools

of the state during the past five years.

School Census

1918

1923 Percent

Increase

Number colored children (6 to 18).

369,107 376,217 1.9%

Number colored children illiterate

__

20,148

12,383

Number of colored children enrolled

263,531 275,193

Number colored teachers...

4,516

5,155

Number holding professional or high school license,

155

257

Number holding general elementary license

2,720

3,039

Number holding primary license

1,555

1,720

Number normal trained teachers

1,329

1,577

Number school buildings for colored children

2,298

3,008

Value of school buildings

$1,388,722 $2,255,842

Attendance as percent of enrollment

62.2%

68.5%

The figures above show:

(1) That the number of colored children of school age is increasing.

(2) That illiterates (10 to 18 years of age) are decidedly diminishing.

(3) That the enrollment of colored children is larger.

(4) That the per cent attendance is higher.

(5) That the number of colored teachers has increased more than 14%.

(6) That these teachers hold a more satisfactory grade of license.

(7) That there is a larger per cent of normal trained teachers.

(8) That the value of school buildings for colored children has nearly doubled in five years.

WORK FOR NEGROES 1923-24.
The work for the Negroes has been carried on with certain definite aims in view. These aims have been: The building of as many modern schoolhouses as possible; the development of industrial and agricultural high schools, known as County Training Schools; the teaching of handicrafts, plain sewing, and other industrial subjects in the rural schools; the selection and training of Smith-Hughes Agricultural teachers and teachers to be principals of industrial schools; the conducting of institutes in many counties; and the improvement of the teachers by summer school training and scholarships to Hampton and Tuskegee Institutes.
(1) Building of modern schoolhouses: Economic conditions due to the boll weevil and to crop failures have prevented this movement from going as it should. Forty-two applications for financial aid from the Rosenwald Fund were approved. If these buildings are completed, there will be in all 133 buildings. These schools will have a pupil capacity of 17,575. The amount of the Rosenwald budget for this year was $40,000. No school received less than $400 or more than $1500. The amount given for a teaehers* home is $900. Three homes were built under the 1923-24 budget. Nearly all the rural schools have taken care of two or more old schools. The three, four and five-teacher type of school building has predominated.
In this work the Rosenwald Fund paid the salary of a colored agent. Clark University cooperated by paying the travelling expenses of this agent. The work of this man, Harrison C Adams, was very helpful.
(2) Five industrial high schools, or County Training Schools, were built at Cuthbert, Douglas, Bainbridge, Richland, and Sumter, (in Sumter County). The first three have brick buildings and the last two have teachers' homes as well as modern school buildings. The General Education Board gave

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
$1,000 to each school to help on the eqipment. This money was used for desks, tools, cooking utensils, sewing machines, books, etc. The Slater Fund gave each school financial aid for the girls' industrial work at the rate of $500 a year. All of these new schools, except one, began with the Smith-Hughes vocational agricultural work.
The Slater Fund aids 17 schools in Georgia, to the extent of $6,600 a year. The General Education Board gave $1,478 to supplement the salaries of the teachers. One Hundred and two teachers are employed in these schools. No county has more than one school receiving aid from this Fund.
(3) The Jeanes Fund gave the State $8,574, and $6,810.50 was used with this, from county school funds. Twenty-six counties cooperated in paying industrial supervising teachers who work with the negro schools as assistants to the county superintendents. In addition to these, two State Jeanes agents were employed, Lydia D. Thornton and Mary E. Walker. Lydia D. Thornton lost her lif e in an accident which happened in Deactur County. She had been in the work several years and had been very successful. Her loss was a serious blow to the Jeanes work in Georgia. Mary E. Walker worked in twenty counties. She conducted institutes and held community meetings for school betterment. The cooperation of the county superintendents in this work has been very encouraging. Many favorable comments have been passed on this work.
In the counties that have these industrial supervisors, all the pupils in the schools are taught to use native materials such as pine-straw, bullrush, wiregrass, etc., in making mats, baskets, and other useful articles. Through a cooperative arrangement with the Jeanes Fund, each supervisor was supplied with a set of tools. This has made it possible to introduce some manual training into a large number of rural schools 'The teaching of sewing and other industrial subjects has been of value to the pupils. The small amount of money spent on this work has reached thousands of school children with a program related to the lives of the children.
(4) The Smith -Hughes work in vocational agriculture has been handicapped because of alack of trained teachers for this work. It has been found that only a teacher who is by reason of native ability superior can make a success in this work. In recognition of this fact, sixteen teachers were selected from a large number considered, and given scholarships to Tuskegee. These men have already made good in the teaching profession, and are well educated. It is thought that with the further advantages of technical training in agriculture they will make good as teachers of this subject. It is expected some of these men will become principals of the new industrial high schools.
(5) On account of the cost, only a few teachers were given scholarships to Hampton Institute in Virginia. However, a^larger number were sent to Tuskegee. Many of these are teachers in Rosenwald schools. These are ambitious teachers who want to prepare themselves for larger schools and more responsible work.
There will be summer schools for colored teachers at Albany, Forsyth, Savannah, Augusta, and Atlanta. The first three named will be conducted at the State schools located at those places; the school in Atlanta will be at Mourehouse College and the one in Augusta will be at Paine College. The sum of $10,000is available for these schools. It was provided as follows: State appropriation for Albany $2,500; for Forsyth $1,000; from $20,000 fund given by State for all summber schools, $2,000 from th General Education Board, $3,000; from local sources $1,500.
The amount given for Hampton and Tuskegee scholarships by the General Education Board wsa $1,000. This was used to pay the railroad fare of teachers to and from the institutions.
Recommendations: 1. That Negro schools receive consideration in the matter of bond issues for buildings. In the past, these schools have been disregarded when bonds were issued, in many towns and districts. 2. That all counties, where there is a large Negro population, employ a Jeanes Industrial Supervisor or Home Demonstration agent, in order that the work of the rural school may be better related to the home and made more practical. 3. That every county build at least one good school with four or more teachers, in which industrial work for girls and vocational agriculture for boys may be taught. 4. That counties adopt the policy of building at least one Rosenwald rural school a year, where this is possible. In this way many modern buildings may be built each year. 5. That negro teachers be paid according to their real worth as shown by ability, grade of certificate, scholarship, and length of successful service. 6. That county and town Boards of Education encourage worthy and ambitious Negro teachers to attend summer schools, by paying them all or part of a month's salary for attendance and satisfactory work. If each county would encourage a few teachers in this way each year, there would be a great improvement in the teaching force of the entire state in five years.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
7. At least one real agricultural junior college should be developed at a suitable place near the center of the State, and given financial support which would enable it to function and really serve the rural Negro population of Georgia. A start in this direction has been made at Forsyth, but the school cannot accomplish much on $5,000 a year. The school is handicapped also by lack of suitable buildings.
FINANCIAL
Georgia has attempted to develop a school system by appropriations from its Treasury and apportioned according to the school census as returned from each county. While this fund has been supplemented by municipal tax, local school tax, and county-wide tax, yet the fact remains that the basic appropriation is that of the State. Georgia will be the last state to desert this plan and make the basic support of the schools local, and since the recent decision j)f the Supreme Court in the case of "Hanks, Commissioner, vs. D'Arcy" has seemingly removed every obstacle from putting Georgia in line with other states, it is time at least to consider this in the light of the experience of other communities. Only by utilizing the principal enunciated in the above decision can Georgia give to her children equal educational opportunity.
It is unreasonable to suppose that the State does not love all of her children equally; it is unreasonable to suppose that Georgia would deny a child the right of an education simply because he might live in any one particular section of the state. Then, why should not the state fund, or at least a part of it, be used as an equalizing fund to bring up the opportunity of the neglected child, where ever he may be? After a county has done its utmost, paying the same millage as the richest county in the state, is it not the duty of the state to come to the relief of the county and give its children the same opportunity as is given to the children in any other section? The solution of this problem is one of the most important for the present. While it may not be wise to present it to the second session of the General Assembly, after the general appropriation has already been passed last summer, yet it should be a question to be kept in mind and presented at the next session of the General Assembly in 1925.
I herewith append a report of Mr. I. S. Smith, School Supervisor, in whose judgment and opinion upon financial operations I have the greatest confidence.
FINANCES.
By I. S. Smith.
When we review the things we are doing for the education of the children of Georgia, we at once begin to summarize the things that need to be done, and done at once, if we are to so train our children that they may be able to develop into the best type of citizens.
Many of our teachers do not have the training commensurate with the needs for building the system of schools that we need and must have. This is due very largely to the small salary received for their work and the short term of employment during the year. Not many persons, regardless of the profession followed, will spend much time and money in preparation for a profession that pays from $50 to $75 per month for from five to seven months each year. This is what a vast majority of the teachers of Georgia is asked to do.
Our school term is too short. It is so short that it encourages waste of the funds that we do spend, from practically every angle it may be viewed. Due to this, many of our young men and women who are capable of succeeding in their life's work shun teaching because of the short term of employment and the long vacation that follows, thus leaving our schools, especially rural schools, to be taught by untrained and inexperienced teachers who are really in training for some other profession.
There is a great waste here on the part of the children. The term is so short it is impossible for them to finish their grades. They take a long vacation, forget much of what they learned during the five or six months term, and at the opening of the next term begin about at the same place in their stuides they did the term before. This accounts very largely for the retardation ingrades found so often in the school survey recently finished. An eight months term should be the minimum.
We need better buildings and better equipment. We learn from good authority that 33% of the children who finish high school in the U. S. acquire near-sightedness because of having attended school in houses not properly lighted. If this is true, this one item would warrant the cost of a modern building in every school district in Georgia where one is needed.
We need free school books. I believe that this need is as imperative as any of the other things enumerated above.
It is easy to point out what we need but to get it takes finances and that is where the difficulty

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

7

comes in building the system of schools we need and must have in Georgia. We must realize that education is bought just as any other commodity. If we put little in our banking institutions, our railroads, or our farming interest, we get little in return, and a sane business man or woman would expect nothing else. The same is true with our schools. We can't hope to educate our citizenship as well as other states are educating theirs, as long as we spend $10 per capita while others are spending four, five, and six times as much.
The Klders-Carswell law enables us to levy five mills county wide tax for the support of schools and permits districts, by a special vote, to levy five additional mills for the support of the schools. In the wealthy counties and districts this is ample for the maintenance of a good school system but in the poorer counties and districts it is not.
There should be an equalizing fund coming directly from the state to the aid of the poorer counties and districts. In many instances we find them levying the limit for the support of their schools, using all the levy for maintenance and yet are not able to run their schools for over six or seven months. Surely no one would oppose an equalizing fund coming to the rescue of a citizenship that has done so much.
The Barrett-Rogers Act which appropriates $100,000 for the aid of high schools and $100,000 for consolidated rural schools has done as much and possibly more than any other one agency toward the stimulation of at least one good county high school in each county, and consolidation of schools throughout the state. Its effectiveness is the strongest argument that could possibly be made for an equalizing fund.
At this time we hear much about the need for a bond issue for public roads. No doubt the need here is very great and the future development of the state demands that this be done. There, too is another worthy call for a bond issue that merits the consideration of our Legislature. We are in need of better school buildings and equipment. If the state were in position to meet the counties and disdistricts on a fifty-fifty basis, we could get them. Otherwise it will be a very slow process in most places, and in many, it would never be done, because they do not have the wealth to warrant the building of proper school houses nor the proper roads in many counties of the state.
Since the begining of the public school system in Georgia, the state has been one year behind in the payment of her teachers. This amounts to a loss of at least $50,000.00 to the teachers each year, besides the inconvenience caused by the delay, etc. It seems that it would be.more business-like for the state to deal with the teachers as she does with other agencies, and pay them promptly. To do this it will require an increase in the state levy for one year or a bond issue equal to one year's appropriation.
It is very evident that one or the other should be done.
HIGH SCHOOLS
The wonderful progress of the high schools in the state has been phenomenal in the last few years. No other one thing in educational matters has shown such wonderful growth and expansion.
I herewith append a report of Mr E. A. Pound, High School Supervisor, and invite your careful study and consideration. Mr Pound has made considerable study of this question and his conclusions should be weighed carefully. We approve both the data and the conclusions reached in his report.
REPORT OF E. A. POUND,
State High School Supervisor.
The growth in number of schools and in enrollement in the high schools of the state is one of the outstanding achievements of the state.
In 1905, there were but eleven four year accredited high schools. Today, there are 275. In 1905, 5000 pupils were enrolled in the high schools and 94 graduates were turned out. During the past year, there were 41,302 pupils in the accredited high schools. During 1923, 8,057 were graduated from the accredited high schools.
Please note the following report complied by Dr J. S. Stewart, Secretary of the Accrediting Committee.



8

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

4yearPublic 4 year Private-

Enrollment of Students in the Accredited Schools, 1923.

Boys 18,950
...- 1,885

Girls 19,046
1,421

Total 37,996
3,306

Increase 6,656 6

Total
4 year Public 4 year Private

20,835

20,467

Number of Graduates in above High Schools.

4,146

3,134 -

457

230

41,302
7,280 777

6,662
2,422 90

Total
Public Private

:

4,603

3,364

8,057

Total Enrollment in the Above Accredited Schools by Grades.

Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys

6,025 6,524 4,921 5,281 3,858 4,117 4,146

545

308

407

355

476

348

457

2,512
Girls 3,134
320

Total

-- 6,570 6,832 5,328 5,636 4,334 4,465 4,603 3,454

13,402

10,964

8,799

8,057

1st year

2d year

3rd year

4th year

The total number enrolled in unacredited high schools based upon the survey was 18,853. This num-

ber added to 41,302, number in accredited high schools, gives a total enrollment of 60,185. Although there

has been a wonderful development in the high school situation, the ideal has not yet been reached. In

too many counties, there is a sentiment that it is an educational achievement to develop a great number

of high schools irrespective of the equipment of such schools or of the work they do. In many counties,

there are as many as fifteen or twenty schools teaching high school grades with a total enrollment in

the high school of less than seventy-five students. The per capita cost of high schools in such counties

is entirely too great. This, however, is not the total cost of such high schools. The time of the teachers

in such high schools is taken away from the pupils in the lower grades and there are counties where the

time of fifteen or more teachers is taken away from more than twelve hundred pupils in order to give at-

tention to the handful in the high school grades.

In a certain county, the recommendation was made that the city and county jointly build a county

high school and take care of both city and county high schools. This recommendation apparently was

approved by the county authorities, for the public prints carry the news that the county Commissioners

have authorized a tax of one mill for the purpose of erecting such a school. To such a school, all of the

high school pupils of the county can be transported and get the advantages of a first class high school,

adequately equipped and with the very best of teachers. This plan may cost a little more, but when it

is realized that under the old conditions very few rural pupils ever complete high school, it will be conced-

ed that the small additional expenditure is well worth while. In one county, only one boy from the whole

county outside of the county site was attending college and yet, in the adjoining county where there

is a good senior high school with good teachers and a nine months term, there were ninety-seven in

attendance upon college from this single high school alone.

We must infer from the above that too many so-called high schools, poorly equipped and with the

time of teachers divided between high school and elementary pupils is the greatest economic and educa-

tional waste. Undoubtly, the only feasible plan is first to secure in each and every county a good strong

senior high school, in some counties two, and then center the efforts upon giving to every rural high

school pupil the advantage of such a strong school. The result will be that more and more the rural boy

will be able to complete his high school education and greater numbers of them will be enabled to enter

college and complete their education.

The plan adopted by the county above is recommended to many of the other counties where ade-

quate housing facilities do not now obtain. This plan will also bring the town and country people in closer

sympathy along educational lines and break down, to some extent, the barrier that has hitherto been

set up on account of dual educational systems. Under the old conditions, too many counties are trying

to operate their schools on too cheap a plan. This is especially true in a few counties where the tax,

under the Elders-Oarswell law, is held to a minimum of one or two mills. In one or two counties, the mil-

lage levied is one mill, or an amount just sufficient to comply with the law and yet, these counties levy

nearly twenty times as much for other purposes. Undoubtedly, the tax rate in the average state is high

enough and in many too high, but the question arises,"Are the educational interests of the average county

GEOKGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

9

receiving an amount that comports with the importance of the educational interests of the county; are not such interests in importance greater than one-fifteenth or one-twentieth of the entire interests of the county?" A better distribution of the county taxes or such a distribution as would give the schools a greater amount for their operation would be an advisable step.
Several of the high schools of the state are considering the advisability of extending their courses of study so as to attain the equivalent of the work of a junior college. In some places, such a step is, prehaps, advisable, inasmuch as the high schools are turning out such a great number of graduates and these to a certain extent are beginning to "swamp" the colleges. Where schools of this type can be developed without too great a financial strain, it would be advisable, inasmuch as the student can be kept at home a year or two longer. The time has not yet come, however, when high schools, generally, should attempt such a step. A few good first-class junior colleges in the state would fill a growing need, but too many schools of this type would be unwise.
The survey revealed the fact that many teachers were teaching in rural high schools who held only an elementary license. It is required, under the new plan of certification, that all teachers hold a normal or a high school certificate in order to teach in the high schools. It is earnestly hoped that all teachers holding an elementary license and desiring to teach in the high school will make application for the high school certificates, either by examination or certification. In order to secure this certificate, an applicant must have the equivalent of a two year's normal or junior college course. It is the purpose of the authorities to afford every facility for such teachers to prepare themselves in accordance with the law, if they are to continue to teach in the high schools. The hope is entertained that the new plan of Certification will eventuate in a higher average of preparation of all teachers in the rural schools.
The Barrett-Rogers Act giving to high schools $1,000 for the benefit of rural high school pupils continues to be an inspiration to the schools securing same and to the thousands of rural boys and girls who are the beneficiaries of this Act.
On account of time given to the survey work, the teacher-training schools have not had the attention the supervisor would have been glad, under other circumstances, to give them. However, they are doing a splendid work and all graduates of such courses will be given proper credit for same in their certification.
The results of the survey have been beneficial in the following particulars: The realization that the state has an interest in every school and desires to aid and assist in the development of better schools. The development of the necessity of standards throughout the states. The economic and educational waste that is entailed by an improper distribution of high schools and the development of too great a number of weak high schools. The securing of data to show concretely the fact that, in many counties, there is anything but an equality of educational opportunity as between the city and the rural, child. The necessity for so changing conditions as to bring sbout such an equality as far as possible. The greatly increased interest in the high school throughout every county of the state. The awakning of the consciounsess of the people as to the importance andnecessityof ahighschool education. The appreciation of the fact that the rural boy or girl of the future should have the very best educational advantages that the state can give at the minimum cost.
CERTIFICATION
The State Board of Education at their February meeting approved and adopted a new plan of certification of teachers. While I am not the author of the plan, still I approve it practically in its entirety. No school system can make any permanent advancement except by well trained and well equipped teachers. It is a crime for the state to impose upon its children untrained and poorly prepared teachers. The new plan of certification takes care both of the future and of the past. For those entering the profession, it announces a higher standard for academic and professional training. For those who now are engaged in teaching, but who have not this training, either academic or professional, it states that if superintendents and Boards of Education wish to employ them, they may, and three years are given, with the hope that in this time the teachers may put forward effort to improve themselves. If they do not, if they show no effort, then their certificates may be annulled. If, however, they do make effort for improvement, then their certificates will be extended year by year until they can obtain one from the State, certifying to their educational and professional training, that will be current anywhere they may go. No license heretofore issued, or no contract that the State may have had with its teachers, is in any way abridged or annulled.

10

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

The old form of license was issued by the county superintendent and good only in the county of issue, and need not be accepted by another county except through courtesy, and it was of no value to the teacher, who may have earned it through diligent study, should she carry it to another state. The new form destroys nothing of what has heretofore been done, but, rather establishes a state certificate by which the teacher submits to the State Board of Education her academic and professional training, which is carefully investigated and, if found to be true, the State certifies to this fact, which certificate will become current wherever presented. It will have a tendency to dignify the profession of teaching and should incite all who are not able to prove their academic and professional training to put forward every effort to obtain a state certificate.
I have before me the Clinch County News that contains a history of the Camp Creek School. This school was located 14 miles west of Homerville, in a part of Clinch County no better and no worse than other sections of the county. The people of this section, while not rich, but most of them owned their own homes, thirty years ago became interested in the education of their children. This interest found expression in the replacing of the old log schoolhouse with a nice, creditable building, and with the employment of teachers of real merit, well educated, and with normal training. This policy was continued for many years. The result has been that, although the school never numbered more than 100 pupils, yet out of this community has come congressmen, judges of superior court, city and county school superintendents, teachers of note, successful lawyers, and ministers, merchants, bankers, farmers, naval store operators, and almost every line of business. It might well be asked, "Why did these successfull men come from this particular community and not from others of this section?" There can be little doubt of the real answer to the question, that this community showed by its efforts and sacrifices a real interest in the education of its children and were unwilling to commit them to untrained and unprepared teachers. Their rule was always to employ the very best teachers, well educated and with normal training.
It is interesting to note the patrons of this school, who were a whole generation of Smiths, including D. J., J. P., Herschel, Benjamin, Moses, as well as General Smith; also Sirmans, Dickersons,Tomlinsons, Joyces, Powells, Lankfords, Grooms, Rodgers, Paffords, Lees, Fenders and others.
There is hardly an exception to the rule that where a community, however isolated it may be, has evinced a real interest in the education of its children, and were willing to sacrifice for them, recognizing the importance of the very best teachers, but that out of this community have come men and women who have illustrated this sacrifice in terms of splendid achievement. It really pays to employ only good teachers, well educated and well trained. Our Children are too precious, and Georgia's future growth and development too important, to risk their education with poor, untried, untrained teachers.
I herewith append a report of Mr. J. O. Martin, one of the school supervisors, dealing especially with the trained teachers and with data gathered from the recent survey of the state. He is most competent to handle this question and it is with pleasure that I approve and endorse what he says.
THE EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION OF THE TEACHERS AND THE TRACHER TRAINING SITUATION IN GEORGIA.
By J. O. Martin, Supervisor.
Tabulations have been made with reference to the educational qualification of the white teachers of ninety-three counties as shown by the recent state-wide school survey. They are as follows: 3 l/3% have completed 7th grade. 6 l/5% have completed 8th grade. 8 l/5% have completed 9th grade. 111/2% have completed 10th grade. 27% have completed 11th grade. 13 l/2% are normal graduates. 5 l/5% attended normal schools one year. 111/2% are college degree graduates. 31/2% are Junior College graduates. 9 4/5% are under-graduates (having attended college from 1 to 3 years)
The following graph shows the relative comparisons of the prepared and the unprepared teachers.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

11

sa 61 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43
4JS
41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 38 31 30

37 36 35 34 23
21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13
13 11 10 9 8 7 6 5
ll 4
3 2 1

II

a d M

aaa

n

aa

&

no

n a fat 3
8.2 og

mmmmm PffH

12

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

It Is shown that 30% or of the teachers have had no training beyond the tenth grade; that 27% have completed the eleventh grade only; that 18*% are college under-graduates having attended normal schools or colleges from one to three years. In this enormous percentage is clearly seen the problem of the arrested growth of those who teach. In order to help these teachers as much as possible, Mr BaUard, State Superintendent of Schools, has arranged for normal Institutes to be held during the month of July at Ellijay and all of the District A. & M. Schools by means of state funds set aside by the Legislature. A course of study which covers the main elementary subjects has been arranged. The faculty consists of sixty-five members who have been selected by reason of their experience and fitness for the positions. In addition to these, there are thirty itinerant lecturers who will present subjects of timely interest to the teachers. It is estimated that the attendance will approach 2,000.
The survey shows that the majority of teachers have been in the service for a number of years. Therefore, since they continue to teach, it seems that some inducement should be offered to have them resume and complete their high school studies. Hence, a state-wide course in extension study, approved and accredited by the High Schools and the State Department of Education, could be developed and offered . After completing the High School Course, many of them would be inspired to seek further training in the normal schools and colleges, which could well afford to offer a similar course for the 18j% of the under-graduate teachers in service. Indeed, if at least one of the normal schools or colleges could arrange continuous terms of six weeks each especially for teachers in service, it would, in a way, enable many to continue their college study, whereas now they cannot. Using the percentages of the ninety-three counties tabulated, it is shown that there is a total of 11,300 teachers. Granting that 25% of these are graduates of either colleges or normal schools, it would still leave 8,475 teachers who hold neither diplomas nor degrees.
The problem of Teacher training capacity in the higher institutions arises here. The following facts obtained from the college record show that 1169 persons were graduated from the institutions in June 1924 and it is estimated that only 765 of this number will teach. Add to this number 145, the estimated number of graduates from the denominational schools who will teach and we have 910 of the 1,723 graduates in 1924 who will teach. This only approximates the number who will leave the profession as shown by the survey, while nothing is done for that vast army of untrained teachers who remain in the profession without adequate training. It is shown that the state institutions have reached their capacity for enrollment to say nothing of the overcrowded condition in some of them.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

DATA OBTAINED FROM NORMAL SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES

CuD T!
' Cm5Ta3oJ CD <w

CCS ccj

C3

a

SI
a

cd

0 CD

O

n 0D

6

CD CD

aSOm ftS PI

*

<*,

S+3
CO fljt

State Institutions for Women

Bowdon State Normal G. S. O. W. (Milledgeville). G. S. W. C. (Valdosta) --. State Normal (Athens)
Totals-
State Institutions for Men

28

20

123

3151

402

1247

229

51

271

0

2266

240

665

650

5674

713

2306

650

Georgia School of Technology N. G. A. College (Dahlonega)

1657

244

1904

550

293

12

171

0

University of Georgia & Georgia State College

of Agriculture

4613

200

1726

150

Totals Estimated No. who will teach-

6563

456

3801

700

51

Private and Denominational Schools for Women

Agnes Scott College Andrew Female College Bessie Tift College Brenau College and Conservatory. _ *Cox College LaGrange College Piedmont College (Co-educational). Shorter College Wesleyan College
Totals Estimated No. who will teach.
Denominational Schools for Men

568 600 1450 1230 1093 1184 162 791 2973

59

503

300

33

121

0

45

267

0

43

461

0

0

0

0

16

165

0

13

146

100

39

213

0

67

470

300

9871

315

2346

700

151

Emory University Mercer University.--.-. Oglethorpe University..
Totals Estimated No. who will teach.

2044

196

1656

152

2470

83

1022

200

122

43

310

0

4636

322

2988

352

Grand Total.. College not in operation 1923-1924

26744

1806

11441

2402

13
o
+J cd
oo
P. CD

100 100 100 100 100
3 30 20
20 80 95 33 0 60 25 50 35
25 25 27



14

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

The survey further shows that 32% of the teachers teach in a different county every year. It also shows that 52% of the teachers are teaching the first year in their present positions. Another conspicuous fact is that 35% of the teachers who have had only High School training, or less, are teaching in their present positions for the first time. Of this number, 7i% are in one-teacher schools. This reveals the fact that the poorest trained teachers are in the great majority of those who teach in a different school and county every year, showing that inadequate preparation reacts in mal-adjustment on the part of the teacher to overwhelming tasks. It also shows that the vast majority of the primary teachers are numbered among the most inadequately trained. It is most unfortunate that the children of these grades and of the one-and-two-teacher schools, where the greatest efficiency is needed, receive the least.
Since all of the school communities pay taxes with which to maintain our state institutions, the duty devolves upon the state to give all an equal share of training.
Therefore, we would recommend:
First; That the Governor request the Education Committee of the present State Legislature to meet immediately in a conference with the State Department of Education and the Presidents of the State Educational Institutions to determine improvements necessary to make the state institutions adequate for the present demands of teacher training.
Second; That they devise a plan whereby sufficient funds may be raised by taxation or bond issue for the purpose of building and equipping such additions to the University and its branches as may be necessary.
Third; That sufficient funds be included to enable the state to pay the teachers monthly as it does all other persons employed by the State.
Fourth; That a sufficient amount be included to further consolidation of schools by extending financial and supervised aid in the construction of standard school buildings.
It is estimated that Georgia spends $327,875,000 annually for luxuries as follows: Cold drinks $8,500,000.00, Chewing gum $1,375,000.00, Cigars and Cigarettes $36,000,000.00, Chewing tobacco and Snuff $22,000,000.00, Fancy Soaps and Perfumes $30,000,000.00, Auto Accessories $85,000,000.00, Luxurious Foods $137,000,000.00; Amount spent in Georgia during the past year for Elementary Education was $19,291,646.98. Certainly, we can afford the necessities for the State's greatest asset, her children.
Note--Thanks are extended to Miss Lurline Parker for valuable aid given in the compilation of this report.
COUNTY SUPERINTENDENTS AND BOARDS OF EDUCATION
For many years there has existed a strong sentiment in favor of the appointment of county superintendents of schools by Boards of Education, rather than through the election by the people. This has been expressed in numerous reports from the Georgia Educational Association, as well as from the Association of County Superintendents and School Officials.
However, I doubt if this is the proper time to present it to the Legislature, for if it should be passed and be made a law, it could do grave injustice to many persons who have been nominated as county superintendents for the next four years and who are certainly entitled to serve out their terms of office.
Again, the schools can not be removed too far from the people. There are some who wish the county superintendents to be elected by the Board and the Board to continue to be elected by the Grand Jury. This, I think, would be a mistake. It would be better to remain as it is than to remove the schools entirely from the people. Since the school superintendent represents the professional side and is the Executive of the Board, and the real power is in the Board itself, not only to make rules and regulations for the government of the schools, but now the power has recently been conferred upon them to levy a tax of from one to five mills for school purposes. It is fundamental in our government that the people should have the right to name those having taxing power. Indeed, the minute this power is given to any Board there immediately follows a demand for election by the people, and the result has been that in more than forty states of the Union the people elect the Boards of Education.
The argument presented by many is that the election of the Board by the people would not elect as good men as the present system, but that the best men would not offer, has proven untrue in other states of the Union, where Boards are elected. Nor even so, in this State, for there is one county in Georgia that h as for all time elected its Board members by th e people and th e personnel of the Board is of the highest.
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
I herewith append a report of Mr. F. E. Land, Director of Vocational Education, which has my full endorsement.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

15

VOCATIONAL EDUCATION BY
Fort E. Land, Director.
I, herewith, submit financial statement of vocational funds expended for fiscal year ending June 30, 1923 as an exhibit to the legislature. Also, some figures showing students enrolled in the different departments of vocational work, administered by the State Board for Vocational Education.
DIVISION OF AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION.
During the past fiscal year the Georgia State Board for Vocational Education has cooperated in the employment of 94 teachers of vocational agriculture; of these, 43 were in the high schools of the state, 28 in district agricultural schools, and 23 in negro schools.
There were enrolled in all-day classes 3,000 students and, in addition, 1,000 adults in part-time work. The students engaged in studying agriculture throughout the state produced, through their projects, products amounting in value to $175,000; of this amount, $89,767.51 was produced by boys taking the high school courses. Cotton growing was emphasized in the project work during the past year, and $45,669. 11 was the value of cotton grown by the agricultural students enrolled in the vocational classes. 56 students were enrolled in the teacher-training department at the State College of Agriculture, taking the professional course, preparatory to the teaching of vocational agriculture.
DIVISION OF TRADES AND INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION.
There is a growing demand for industrial training such as is offered in the Smith-Hughes Trade classes-all-day, part-time and evening. During the fiscal year there was an enrollment in the-white schools of 178 students in the all-day classes, 1,002 in evening classes and 1,792 in part-time classes, with a total of 87 in the teacher-training department at the Georgia School of Technology. In the negro classes there was an enrollment of 497 in all-day classes, 666 in evening classes.
DIVISION OF HOME ECONOMICS.
The funds for carrying on the work in Home Economics is a very small percentage of the total amount received by the State under the Smith-Hughes Act, yet, no department of the work is more important and is showing finer development with the funds at hand.
During the past year there were enrolled in the white all-day classes 455 students, evening classes 2,297; negro all-day classes 205, evening classes 1,274. The number of students in teacher-training at the State College of Agricultuve was 137.
DIVISION OF INDUSTRIAL REHABILITATION.
As the people become better acquainted with the Civilian Rehabilitation work, its services is being broadened to reach many persons who have suffered some vocational handicap and need to be returned to remunerative employment.
At the present time, we have 501 registered cases whom we are reaching as fast as possible through vocational training or placement in employment.
FIFTY-FIFTY
Since 1922 the law has directed that one-half of the revenue of the State be paid to the support of the common schools. This is the first year that any money has been received in excess of the $4,250,000, and so far $100,000 has been paid. This amount has been applied to the high school aid; While this application may seem somewhat irregular and illegal since the Act setting apart the $100,000 high school aid directed that it be derived from the rental of the Western and Atlantic Railroad, immediately afterward the entire rental of this road was hypothecated for five years to pay the pensionsers, leaving no money with which to pay this aid. It had already been apportioned and schools had made contracts with the teachers with the expectation of receiving the aid.
It would have been really tragic in many instances not to have paid this money for many schools could not have paid their teachers. I recommend, however, that the General Assembly, by some deficiency appropriation, make up this fund to be derived from the Western and Atlantic Railroad and that hereafter it not be taken out of the common school fund.
Again, the wording of the appropriation for the common schools in the General Appropriation Act is not at all satisfactory. It is not sufficiently definite. In 1922 Boards of Education made contracts expecting to receive this excess, and many of them are today in debt on account of the amount due the

16

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

schools by the State not being paid. In 1923 they had every reason to expect something like $700,000 in excess of the basic appropriation and only $100,000 to date has been paid.
I recommend that the General Assembly discontinue the contingent appropriation to the schools and make the amount definite. Only by this means will Boards of Education have information upon which they may contract with their teachers and pay the salaries that they have agreed upon.
It might be well, on account of the decision of "Hanks, Commissioners, et al, Vs. D'Arcy", that seemingly makes a new basis for the financial support of the school system of Georgia, to consider together in making a fixed appropriation and direct at least a part of this as an equalizing fund to bring up the opportunity of the poorer counties with that of the richer counties. Until something like this is done we cannot hope to have anything like equal educational.opportunity for the children of Georgia.
AUDITING
I herewith append a report of Mr. Tom Wisdom, State School Auditor, I wish to call especial attention to this, for it deserves every consideration.
AUDITOR'S REPORT.
Tom Wisdom, State School Auditor
It is with pleasure that I state that a great many of the counties are showing marked improvement in their system of accounting. There are those however, who do not keep up with their work each month taking off their balances so that they can know their exact standing, this number I am glad to say is few.
There is a lack of systematic budgeting by the various counties and as a result debts accrue which should not be allowed. All counties, local districts and other institutions should at the very outset every year, make up their budget after determining how much will be available for the coming year. Each item should be gone over carefully and the amount set up for each should be kept within the budget. I must call attention to the amount of interest paid by the various counties. Some are running almost wholly on borrowed money. In a few instances the amount of interest paid is sufficient to operate a four or five teacher consolidated school. Transportation is another item of cost which in many instances is out of proportion to the amount expended for teacher's salaries etc. I found in one county recently that the interest paid and transportation cost were in excess of twenty five per cent of the total income from all sources for county schools. There is no good argument against transportation, even this item alone though unless properly budgeted will bring a heavy debt upon the county. It is not good business to spend money even though it is best for the children now attending if it will finally result in cutting the term of the schools and inflict a hardship on those children coming on later. What is true of excessive interest and transportation cost is equally applicable to the expenditure of money for any other purpose. What we need is close supervision of expenditures in every county.
A few counties are almost hopelessly in debt, a condition that has been brought about over a term of years dating back to the war time period and before, when values were much higher than now and money much easier to obtain. The result of this condition is that terms have had to be cut short, in some instances to five months and then the teachers paid in warrants which if they use must be discounted at an excessively high rate. In these particular counties a special fund should be set aside for the purpose of retiring this indebtedness. Of course it would take a term of years to do this, but this is the only way by which it can be done and enable the county boards of education to know how to finance their schools each year. Under the recent decision of the Supreme Court in the case of D'arcy vs Hanks I believe this could be done, using of course the extra levy for the current operation of the schools and setting aside the sinking fund out of the regular tax levy.
No school system can be stronger that its finances. Some few counties and local systems with large valuations can operate good schools for nine months while a number of others levying their limit cannot operate more than two thirds of the time of their more fortunate neighbors. As has been suggested by our State School Superintendent some equalizing fund should be established so that the children of the weaker counties could have an equal opportunity with those more fortunately located. This is sound and it is fair. The result of such an adjustment would not only bring about a better system of financing, but would at the same time raise the standard of education uniformly all over the state.
There is a practice on the part of some counties to contract debts ahead, covering a period of from two to five years. These debts are mostly for equipment, which no doubt the schools need, but unfortunately these counties often over buy and besides payments when made are taken from the maintenance fund which in some counties is already inadequate to pay such salaries as will attract and hold good teachers. Maintenance money from the state and from the local tax is for the purpose of operating the schools, that is paying the teachers etc., and should seldom be used for the purpose of buying equip-

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

17

ment except when the cash is on hand or in sight and in that case the expenditure should be anticipated in the finances of the year and set up in the budget. Under no circumstances should maintenance money be used for permanent improvement. It is unfair to take money belonging to the whole county and put it into one or two buildings affecting only one or two communities, unless there is enough money to go equally all the way around and make such improvements as are needed and still have sufficient amount to operate the schools without discomfort. This is rarely ever the case and in the few counties where they have undertaken to build out of maintenance funds the results have been disasterous to the system.
While I have called attention to some of the outstanding difficulties and practices in some few counties I have done so with an idea of helpfulness and as a warning to those who may unconsciously step into similar pitfalls.

I wish it were possible for the auditor to make his visits to the different counties without giving notice. This however, seems to be impossible for the reason that the Superintendents have so many duties that call them from their office that he would often find no one in charge. With the many duties
that are encumbent upon the County School Superintendent it seems that we have reached the place where he should have office help, some one in charge all the time. A few counties are doing this and some are helping to take care of the extra cost by handling the text books from the office of the Superintendent and letting the profit that may accrue from the sale of books apply to the salary of the office help.

I would not leave the impression that the whole situation is bad, for such is not the case. In the great majority of counties the books of the County School Superintendent are kept in excellent shape, balanced every month and the financial condition good. Considering the small amount of money some Boards of Education have and the gcod business-like manner in which it is handled deserves the highest commendation.

For the cordial reception that I have received and for the splendid co-operation I have had from the various County School Superintendents and Institutions I wish to express my sincerest appreciation. I am also deeply grateful to our State School Superintendent and the members of the Department of Education for the support thay have given me.

CONCLUSION

This ends my first year as State School Superintendent. I have had wonderful cooperation of

the Superintendents, Boards of Education, and teachers, and especially of the splendid office force, as

well as supervisors. I wish to thank each and all of them for their generous help and cooperation.'

Respectfully submitted,

N. H. BALLARD,

)

State Superintendent of Schools.

18

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

TEACHERS CERTIFICATE
The following is a letter recently sent to the county superintendents as to slight modifications by the State Board of Education in the new plan of Certification of teachers: To the^County School Superintendents:
If you will bear in mind this statement that I have often made that the new form of certificates does not in any way annul or abridge any form of certificate, or void any contract the state may have had with any individual teacher, there will be little trouble in interpreting the new plan.
From the explanation below you will observe that there are still two forms of certificates in Georgia, the county and the state. Let the teachers take their choice. If they are satisfied with a certificate that is only good in the county in which it is issued and accepted only by courtesy in any other county, then let them have it. If they wish a certificate issued by the State that will be current and accepted anywhere, and if they can present the necessary academic and professional training, then by all means they should apply for and obtain such a certificate.
The State Board of Education authorizes the following change in the plan of certification of teach-

Instead of First, Second, and Third-Grade Elementary Certificates they will be termed Class A,
B, and C, in which Class A is the new form, Class B is the old first grade certificate, and Class C is the old Primary.

The examination questions will be sent as usual, to the county superintendents previous to August first. Full and complete instructions will accompany the questions as to the holding of examinations. Only papers of applicants who are applying for Class A certificates need be sent to Atlanta. Classes B and C may be retained and certificates, as heretofore, issued by the County School Superintendent. However, if a teacher requests her B or C papers to be sent to this Department, you may comply with her request and only in that case must the $1.00 fee accompany the application. For all B and C papers, graded by the County Superintendent, no fee need be sent to the State Department.

The only advantage of the teacher's transmitting her papers here would be that, when graded by the Board of Examiners, and having satisfactorily passed, the teacher would receive full credit for this and at no future time would be called upon to stand examination upon the elementary subjects, but would simply have to prepare herself to show that she has the equivalent of a high school education, either by certification or examination. Then her Class B certificate would automatically be converted into Class A certificate.

The examination for Class B certificate will be identical with that heretofore given for the general elementary--the same subjects, with the Manual for Georgia Teachers. You will observe, therefore, that this is so identical with that which has heretofore been given that you could tell all applicants there is practically no change, and the same conditions under which certificates have heretofore been issued will continue, except as to those teachers who wish a Georgia State Certificate, either general elementary, high school, or College.

No state certificate can be predicated upon Class B or C. Only Class A certificates may be professionalized and life certificate granted after ten years of service.

Very truly yours,

N. H. BALLARD,

June 11, 1924.

State School Superintendent.

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education
N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Sect'ou urn Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.

Vol.1

Atlanta, June 15, 1924

No. 16

SCHOOL BOOKS
By August first all superintendents of schools should receive the list of school books under the Yeomans Law as well as the list of state adopted books. In the Georgia School Code are the laws governing school books, both as to State adoption and the Yeomans law. Also, read carefully the act passed last fall that combines certain provisions of the Yeomans Law and the Uniform Law. In other words, it gives whatever right any district may have under the Yeomans Law to all districts which must conform to the Uniform law. By the new law all Boards of Education are required to have on hand a sufficient supply of books five days before the opening of school. On all State adopted books are two prices--wholesale and retail. The wholesale is the Yeomans price; the retail is the State adopted price. Boards of Education must conform to the Yeomans price. They buy from the publishers at wholesale and either they, th emsselves, or through their authorized agent, sell at not more than 15% above this price. If the Board has a dealer they must require a bond to protect the Board from loss because the Board is responsible to the publisher for all books purchased by this dealer. The Board is not responsible for dealers acting under the State Uniform Law and selling at retail prices for they are the dealers of the publishers and are responsible to the publishers alone. Take, for example, Evans' First Lessons in Georgia History--a stateadopted book, the retail price of which is eighty cents, and the wholesale price is sixty-three cents. Boards of Education, or their authorized dealers, would order this book from the publisher and it would be billed at sixty-three cents. They may resell it at not more than seventy-two cents. If the dealer of the publisher is handling the book (and Boards have a right to require them to have dealers in each county) he will order the book from the publisher who will bill it at eighty cents and deliver it freight prepaid, and at a discount of ten per cent. This makes seventy-two cents the publisher's dealer pays for the book and he cannot sell it for more than eighty cents. In other words, the publisher's dealer gives for the book practically the same price the Board's authorized dealer must sell it to the children at retail.
The publisher is also required to deliver free of all carriage charge any book to any one in the state at the retail price.
No book on Civics was adopted by the State Board. This is due to the fact that the law requires the State Superintendent to prepare a Civics for Georgia and print under competitive bids. The Superintendent is not at this time able to present a satisfactory book and for the present you may use the book prescribed under the old adoption or some other satisfactory Civics selected from the Yeomans list.
Both books of the Sanford Grammar have been revised and the revised edition is tho adopted book, but it is understood that Book One has so few changes that either edition maybe used in the same class. Book Two has been completely revised and the two editions cannot be used together.
The one exception to the use of the State-Adopted books is where counties, cities, or districts levy a local tax sufficient to run the schools eight months,-these need not conform to the Yeomans Law.
Since the prices of the newly adopted books are so very high, and since the exchange prices are almost nothing, and since many communities would have great difficulty in supplying new books for their children, I wish to suggest (not authorized) the adoption of the old books in such schools as the Board and superintendent deem advisable on account of the difficulty in supplying new books to all of the children of the school. If all of the children of any particular school have the same book, though this is not the newly adopted one, it would be better than to have part of them to have the state-adopted and others unable to supply themselves with any kind of book. At all hazards protect the people against these exorbitant prices for school books demanded by the publishers. Remember your responsibility is to the children of your county and not to the publishers of school books.
Be sure to have a sufficient supply of books on hand five days before the]opening of]school, regardless of which plan you may adopt. It would be well to order now.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
TEACHERS EXAMINATIONS
Previous to August first there will be sent to the County Superintendents, principals of summer institutes for teachers, the University Summer School, and such other approved schools as may request It, the examination questions for teachers' certificates,--both county and state. The general elementary will be on the same subjects as heretofore. In addition there will be sent, in connection with the general elementary examination, questions of a general character on arithmetic, algebra, geometry, high school english, general history, and general science. These are only to be taken by those who are applying for state certificate, Class A, or by those who now hold a general elementary first grade and who wish to convert it into State Certificate, Class A.
Questions on methods will be of two kinds--one dealing with methods in general and the other dealing more specifically with primary grades. Primary teachers would naturally select the second set of questions on which a general elementary or primary license may be issued.
The applicant making from 85 to 100 per cent on elementary examination will be given Class B general elementary state certificate, or first grade general elementary county certificate; from 70 to 85 per cent, Class C State Certificate, or second grade general elementary, county form. Below these marks a special license by the county superintendent will be issued, good for one year.
Questions dealing with education will be sent as follows: General Methods, History of Education, Psychology. The purpose of these is for those teachers who can not present, by school certification, a sufficient number of hours to professionalize their certificates. Should they successfully pass this examination and furnish evidence of study and reading on professional subjects, and have had at least three years' successful experience, their certificates may be professionalized.
DEPARTMENT OP CERTIFICATION.
Mr. E. A. Pound has been designated as Director of Certification, and began work with fifteen assistants on June 23. They are now handling several thousand applications for state certification. Within ten days they will begin to issue the certificates and as rapidly as possible they will get them out. If any teacher does not hear from Mr. Pound, asking for additional information, she may be assured that her application has been favorably passed and just as soon as the certificate is issued it will be sent immediately to the teacher.
Any teacher who has made application and wishes information, should write to Mr. E .A. Pound, Director of Certification, State Capitol, Atlanta, Ga., and she may be assured of a prompt and courteous reply. Teachers should not grow impatient, for if they could see this committee at work, they would realize the great task they have to perform. With such a vast amount of detail work mistakes will be inevitable, yet every teacher may feel sure that they will be corrected as soon as Mr. Pound's attention is called to the matter.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

Population

MERIWETHER COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

11,573

14,594

26,167

8,207

6,262

3,698

349

19.4

1910

10,450

14,730

25,180

7,675

5,175

4,831

507

27.4

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

3,482

1923

3,349

Personal $1,533,585

Grade
Total Number AcceleratedNumber Normal-Number Retarded %Accelerated--%Number Normal-- %Retarded Median AgeMed. Retardation-

Colored

Total

White

4,886 4,321

8,368

54

7,670

20

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
255 136

Total
309 156

Land

Corporation

Polls

$3,855,890

$972,981

Age-Grade Retardation

$3,956

I

n III IV

VI VII VIII IX

511 310 263 342 324 265 224 198 115 108

22 17 16 35 19 26 11 14

6 12

371 196 154 189 171 127 118 113 76 67

118 97 93 118 134 112 95 71 33 29

4

5

6 10

6 10

5

7

5 11

72 63 58 55 52 48 52 57 66 62

24 32 36 35 42 42 43 36 29 27

6.9 8.3 9.4 10.3 11.6 12.6 13.7 14.5 15.4 16.3

0.3 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.3

XI
83 6
53 24 7 63 30 17.4. 0.4_

Total
2,743 184
1,635 924 6 60 34

RECORD OF MERIWETHER COUNTY. BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor.

SCHOOL
Greenville Manchester Meriwether High GayOakland Luthersville Bullochville Alvaton DurandHigh Rocky Mount

a
0
TaJj
03 CO
9 $ 5,310 9 17,895 9 3,815 9 4,875 9 3,815 8 2,800 9 2,430 8 1,840 7 1,610

d

a

a S.S

0 0


H

03

a

0

+3 an

03 CO

fc> as

55

m

6 11 6 6 ___ 5 1 2 2 6 168 B ABA

20 11 20 20 ... 17 3 9 1 6 684

CAA

14 11 9 9 ... 6 3 6 10 224 C-- B A+ A

6 11 6 6 ... 5 13

168B-- BAA

5 11 5 5 10 4

5

8 179 E A D C

3 13 4 8 102

ACC

3 10 3 4 10 3

3

12 1 106

12 12 3 87

DCC
AcC

3 11 3

12 3 5 1 86

O DD

mmm

wmm

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

Alford's Bethesda Carmel Imlac Lone Oak Raleigh Wooster Allie Antioch Chalybeate County Line Ebenezer Forest Fredonia Friendship Halls.... Harris Morris Mt. Hope Primrose St. Mark's Stovall
Strickland's Union

MERIWETHER COUNTY (Continued)

6J

6J

926

7 1,085

6|

845

9 1,440

7 1,120

7 1,120

6

552

6-|

260

6|

465

6|

390

6|

390

6J

390

6J

487

6-|

292

6J

390

7

560

7

350

8

600

6J

585

6

360

6

450

6i

260

2922

2

1

2821 1 1 1 1

2922

2

1 . ... 1

2822

2

1

2 10 2 2

2

39

2 9 2 2 ____ 2

2 10 2 1 1 . 2 2

711

1

121

41

1 1 _._ 1 1

71 1

11

811

1

1

511

1

811

1

1

611

11

61

11

711

1

711

1

1

61

1 . ___ 1 1

711

1

81 1

11

81

1. 1 1

711

1

1

71

11

1

71

1.

1

n 74__._ E C

60--. E C E
57__.. E O c

49 D D E

81 C C C

70 C O D
68 E c C 21 C c D 15____ E c 0 29 E c D

28____ E G E

22 E O D

31 B D E

22 E D E

19 D

E

34 B D E

37 O C D

23___. E D E

25 E C E

39 B D E

21 D C E

16 C O D

45_-.. E c K

9

BcE

Total.

7 $57,707 99 90 82 8 68 22 44 24 54 2,699... D+C--D+

REPORT ON SURVEY OF MERIWETHER COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard. In Meriwether County there are thirty three white schools, and forty one colored schools. By the census of 1923 there are 3,349 white children of school age and 4,321 colored. Of the white schools, 17 are one-teacher schools, 7 two-teacher, 3 three-teacher, 1 four-teacher, 3 six-teacher, 1 nine-teacher, and 1 twenty-teacher. A fraction over 50% of the schools are one-teacher. It is evident that a reduction in the number of schools would be beneficial to the effectiveness of the work. The following consolidations seem to be advisable and some of them imperative:
1. Imlac and Friendship in the eastern part of county. 2. Total consolidation of Strickland and Prim Rose should be had with Luthersville, while
partial consolidation of Lone Oak and Rocky Mount with Luthersville is desirable. A oneteacher school for primary pupils should be left at Lone Oak and Rocky Mount, transporting the higher grades to the larger central school at Luthersville. 3. Allie, Ebenezer, Halls, Harris and Odessa should be united with the Greenville School. 4. Bullochville and Union should unite for efficiency in the lower part of the county. 5. By all means Fredonia and Chalybeate should be consolidated with Manchester. If these consolidations should be worked out, 18 schools would be reduced to 5 or 7, in case of partial consolidation. 6. Some way should be devised whereby Mt. Carmel, a-two-teacher school in the north eastern part of the county, could be united with Alvaton, a three-teacher school located within two and one half miles of the former. A one-teacher school might be left at Mt. Carmel limited to four or five grades while the larger and more advanced pupils might go to Alvaton. It is not thought that simply consolidation is the object of this report, but it is a known fact that a one-teacher school handling seven or eight grades cannot make good under present conditions. The children need better schools, schools with a larger number of children associated to mutual advantage, and schools with a larger number of teachers, that a greater number of grades might be taught to advantage. Better houses and more equipment are needed in the county. The Greenville High School needs

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

f

MERIWETHER COUNTY (Continued)

a better laboratory and library that the school may be properly standardized. Luthersville stands in great need of a modern building.
Meriwether county is a county unit system, all schools being strictly in the county'system. The county board of education levies a two mill tax on the property of the county. This low rate of tax compels many districts to levy from three to five mills for school purposes. It is recommended that a levy of five mills be made by the county board of education upon all the taxable property of the the county, and thus make it possible for the districts to reduce the amount of district tax levied. This will also have a tendency of equalize the educational opportunity of different districts of the county. The claim is sometimes made by the county board that the districts without local tax are being properly taken care of by the low county tax method. If this be true, it would seem advisable for all districts to depend solely upon the county board for support. If non-taxing districts are faring well without the district tax, under the low county rate, then it is evident that the funds are being drawn from other places to give these districts a satisfactory school. A maximum county tax rate with a supplementary district tax rate is recommended.

HENRY COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School Years

16-20 Per Cent Years

1920

9,9a

10,439

20,420

6,409

5,176

2, 338

223

15.8

1910

9,743

10,184

19,927

6,199

3,379

3, L25

1,420

21.8

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

3,002

1923

2,821

Personal $915,629

Grade
Total Number Accelerated-- Number NormalNumber Retarded %Accelerated-- %Normal%Retarded Median AgeMed. Retardation-

Colored

Total

White

3,210 2,954

6,212

10

5,775

2

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

$2,938,477

|

SS5,717

Age-Grade Retardation

Colored
125 81

Total
130 83

Polls $2,384

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XI]

Total

375 244 201 262 256 238 276 418 128 141 60 31

11 14 13 15 17 18 20 3 5 9 2 2

289 148 138 144 124 112 113 78 70 76 38 23

75 82 50 103 .115 1C8 143 67 53 56 20 6

36666

7724636

77 60 68 55 48 46 40 53 54 54 63 74

20 34 26 39 46 47 53 45 42 40 34 20

6.3 8.3 9.2 10.5 11.8 12.7 14.0 14.8 15.6 16.6 17.5 18.3_

0.3 0.2 0.5 0.8 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.3_

2,360 129
1,353 878 5 57 38

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF HENRY COUNTY. BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor.

SCHOOL
McDonough Hampton Locust Grove Public StockbridgeOla High-- . Pleasant Grove UnionEllistown Flippen Consol.LuellaAnvil BlockFargason Liberty HillMt. BethelMt. Zion Oak GroveSouth Avenue South RiverUnion Grove-- WoodlandDaniel HopewellOakland Progress Rock Spring Rocky Branch Locust Grove Institute

n

m

9 $ 9,425

9 7,695

9 4,815

9 4,099

8 2,280

7 1,855

7 1,680

7 1,260

8 1,580

8 1,360

6

660

6

690

6

690

6

690

6

690

6

660

6

750

6

780

6

630

6

660

6

390

6

360

6

390

6

390

6

390

6

360

9 14,910

O

03 oJ M

03 03 -3

+

CO DO

P at

1

S5

pq

11 11 11 11 ... 10

18 337 C-- A C B

9 11 9 9 ... 7

12 304 D B B

7 10 7 6 1 6

30 20 232 C

CC

6 10 6 5 1 3

1 .... 168C--

AC

4 9 4 4 ... 2

2 136.__. E D C

4 10 4 3 1 3

2 2 104

COC

4 10 4 3 1 2

2

98 E C C D

393122

73.-- D E C

3 10 3 1 2 1 2 10 3 2 1 1

92 B E C
42 B D c

2 7 2 ... 2 2 .

E DD

262 1 1

43

EDC

1722

1

38__.. D E E

2

22

2

14

45.... D D O

2

2 1 1 1 113 .... 44___. E E D

2

22

1 Ill .... 42___. C C D

2

22

112

53

E CO D

2

22

2

12

64_... C D D

2

22

2 ,... 2 3

62 D-- B C D

3

22

1 111

40

E DD

2 7 1 1 .___

11

24.... C E D

171

11

23.... C E D

2 7 1 1 _.

11

37.... D D D

1 7 1 1 __

40.... D E D

271

21.... E E D

1 7 1 1 ..

11

17.___ B D D

10 6-12 11 11 .. .. 8

162

D

Total

6+ $60,139 92 .... 91 76 15 61 30 55 55 55 2,376.... D+D+ C-

REPORT ON SURVEY OF HENRY COUNTY BY
J. O. Martin.

Henry County has the county unit system. The schools of McDonough, Hampton, Locust Grove, and Stockbridge are well organized central schools, which take care of most of the high school work. The attractiveness of the class rooms, arid the thoroughness of the work done in most of these schools are commendable. Several other schools with smaller enrollment are doing excellent work.
The building at Stockbridge is new and was built according to approved plans, Later, by some changes, the usefulness of half of it was seriously impaired.
Many of the small school buildings are out of date, and in a state of dilapidation. Little attention is given to the care of the school houses, and their meagre equipment. However, rather than to improve these worn out structures it would be better to develop a plan of consolidation by which means, not only would better buildings with more complete equipment be obtained, but it would be possible to secure better trained teachers.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
CHEROKEE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending School

Over 10 Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

17,769

890

18,569

5,712

4,441

1,146

82

8.6

1910

15,493

1,168

16,661

4,962

3,445

1,464

141

12.5

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

5,619

1923

6,325

Personal

$3,418,791

|

Colored

Total

376

5,995

391

6,716

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

White
129 29

Land

Corporation

$2,727,413

$405,299

RECORD OF CHEROKEE COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor.

Colored
13 3

Total
142 32

Polls $2,927

SCHOOL
Canton Riverdale Canton * Nelson *Ball Ground Woodstock Avery Free Home Hickory Flat Holly Springs Macedonia UndonHill Bufflngton Sallacoa Waleska Bascombe Holbrook Indian Knoll Creighton Dry Branch Fefirview Flat Bottom King's Chapel

"3
CO

9 $ 19,575

9 1,395

9 9,035

6 2,323

3,375

6 1,440

6

1,830

6 1,560

6 1,710

6 1,770

6 1,650

6 1,020

6 1,200

9 1,620

6

630

6

720

6

600

6

300

6

360

6

300

6

270

6

300

a

is

rt

OS M

cl

d** oo



24 11 20 20

11

2322

2

9 11 10 10

5

10 5 5

2

5 10

324

48

3 13

48

4

4

49

133

49

4

3

49

4

3

59

4

2

38

3

3

49

3

3

37

3

3

17

111

27

2

2

272 1 1 1

1 7 1 ... 1 1

1711

1

1 5 1 .. 1

1 .. 1 1

1

_.. 16 608 C+ C A+ A

106 E B A

6 10 ... 2 258 C-- D A A

3 3 12 .__. 245.... D

12 4 150 D C B C

2 101 E C C

3 175.. E B C
... 2 163.. E B c

4 ... 155 E+ D B c . 117E+ D B c

1 104 E C B

.... 1 99D+ E C C

81.... E C C

18 1 119.... D B C

2

81 E D E

1 104.... E C C

2

79 D D C

48 E E E

54 E C D

36 E D E

1 2 50 E D D

46 E C D

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

Liberty Little River Mayhugh Merritt Mica Midway NewHightower. New Home Oakdale Oakland Opher Othello Lays Mill Creek Mt. Gilead New Bethel North Canton... Oak Grove Payne Sixes Toonigh Antioch Big Springs Bunis Central Height. Chalcedonia Cherry Grove___ Coker's Conn's Creek.._ Pine Grove Riverdale Sandy Plains Sharptop Shoal Creek
Reinhardt College

RECORD OF CHEROKEE COUNTY (Continued)

240

33-- . E D E

360

1 _.

6

40... _ E C E

360

1 ..

44... _ E C

360

1 ..

46.._ _ E B

300

1 _.

41... . E D

240

69.- . E D E

300

44_- . E C E

300

41-__ _ E D E

420

1

3 2 51-- . E C C

6

360

11

58__- _ E D D

6

300

... 1

38-- . E C D

6

360

1

65-- _ E D D

6

660

... 1 5

62... . E C D

6

660

6

750

6

720

... 1 1 1

80-- _ E 0 C
103-- _ E B c 119._- . E C c

6

480

115-- E E E

6

570

1

79-- E D D

6

690

720

660

2

1

93-- . E C C

1

3 -__- 92-__ . E B c

2.

4 1 105-_ . E C c

300

38-_. . E C D

390

3

49-- _ E E D

390

1

52-.. _ E C D

300

70_._ _ E C D

420

5

60-__ _ E D D

270

40-- . D 0 D

300

1

44-.- . E D D

420

53... . E C D

300

1

28... . E E E

360

1 ... 1

52 -- . E C D

420

1 ... 1 4

50-- . C O E

420

1 ... 1

64-- . E c D

360

1 ... ... 1

55-- E D E

Jr.

.9

9 Coll 8 8

625

105 B E A B

Total

.

6+$ 67,443 135

*-Building burned.

-School in Cherokee and Pickens Counties.

137 108 29 95 42 82 98 32 5,156- . E+ C-- C

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII Total

Total

1,217

Number Accelerated. 36

Number Normal-- 796

Number Retarded... 385

^Accelerated--

3

%Normal-

65

%Retarded

32

662 728 720 541 448 422 240 123

39 27 15 14 18 9 14 7

329 290 224 155 116 102 65 65

294 411 481 372 314 311 161 51

6422

4 2 65

50 40 31 28 26 24 27 52

44 56 67 70 70 74 67 43

8 7 10 2 11. 9 12 8 13.9 15.1 15.7 15.7

68 2
29 37
3 23 74 17.2

58 5
35 18
8 60 32 17.3

16 2 7 7 12 44 44 18.8

8 1 4 3 12 50 38 19.5.

5,251 189
2,217 2,845
3 42 55

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

9

REPORT ON CHEROKEE COUNTY SURVEY BY
Geo. D. Godard.

A survey of the Cherokee County schools reveals the following facts:

1. The schools are numerous, often not over two or three miles apart.
2. The physical ruggedness of the surface of the county often makes consolidation of schools well nigh impossible.

As many as ten schools have been consolidated into four schools.

The class of teachers employed, though of a more proficient type than in former years, is not

as high as it should be. Many teachers have only seventh or eighth grade training; and thus

the work is retarded.

5. The school houses have been improved in type in the past few years. A few up-to-date build-

ings have been constructed.

6. Two buildings have recently been burned. New houses of modern type will be built in a short time.

7. High School grades are being taught in addition to the grammar grades, in about eight schools.

0

a. The Canton High School and Nelson High School are doing well eleven grades of work. Rein-

hardt Junior College is also doing six grades of work above the seventh grade. These three

senior schools are supplying the youth of the county with high school advantages. 9. Sickness has greatly reduced attendance this winter. Recommendations:

1. Several other consolidations should be made in the county, furthering a desirable organization of the schools.

2. In several localities three or more two and three-teacher schools should be merged into one

central school of nine grades. This could be done without entailing transportation expenses, by leaving primary schools in the former school sites limited to four grades. The

larger pupils would thus have greater opportunities afforded by the larger schools.

3. There are five colored schools with 212 enrollment. These schools should have better houses and equipment.

4. The county board of Education is not in debt.

CANTON.

The public schools of Canton consist of three white schools and one colored school. The system

seems to be managed well and the work is well done. The colored people should have a better building.

It is creditable to the city of Canton that all rural pupils are admitted to the school upon the very same basis as is required of city children.

REINHARDT COLLEGE.

Reinhardt College for young men and women is located in the northern part of Cherokee County.

This institution is fostered by the M. E. Church. The spirit and work of the student body are highly commendable.

NELSON.

The Nelson High School should be placed on the accredited list. The county line between Pickens

and Cherokee runs through the school yard. It would be well for the county line to be moved so that

the city of Nelson would be wholly in Pickens County. The marble works and patrons' home are large-

ly in Pickens County. Of the pupils enrolled eighty two are from Pickens, and seventy eight are from Cherokee County.

10

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

OGLETHORPE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
8,790 7,342

Colored
11,497 11,338

Total
20,287 18,680

6-18 Years
6,490 5,768

Attending School
3,586 3,505

Over 10 Years
3,244 3,802

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

16-20 Years
342 410

Per Cent
22.4 29.1

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

2,569

1923

2,423

Colored

Total

White

3,498 2,972

6,067

9

5,395

39

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored

Total

j

130

139

273

312

Personal
$884,618
Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

Land

Corporation

$3,151,824

$36,066

Age Grade Retardation

Polls $5,232

I II III IV

VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

389 202 237 254 194 162 162 122 62 43 25

1,852

18

5 22 37 10

6

4 7 11 7

135

256 102 102 88 73 67 51 51 27 22 16

855

115 95 113 129 111 89 103 67 28 10

2

862

5

2

9 14

5

4

5

3 11 26 28

7

66 50 43 35 37 41 31 42 44 51 64

46

29 48 48 51 58 55 64 55 55 23

8

47

7.2 8.9 9.9 11.0 12.4 13.3 14.6 15.2 15.8 15.7 16.4.

<

0.2 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.2 0.8

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

11

SCHOOL
Lexington Crawford Arnolds ville Glade Maxeys Bairdstown Beaverdam Cornel] Enterprise Palmetto Prospect Sandy Cross_.. Stephens Union Wesley Chapel, Woodstock Coiles ColUers Crawford Mill.. Fishdam Huching Johnson Liberty Locust Grove.. Lone Oak Millstone Noell's Pittards Rose Hill Salem Simston Temple Veribest Vesta

RECORD OF OGLETHORPE COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, April, 1924.



S

a

oj

<s

H

W

3
a0 C(J
o o
tf a dM
S5 0

n

ato

o

CD O

<D

1-4

H

CO

o

SS 03 P cd CO

o 3 M 5* .2

1

dW do 55 S3

$4,950 6 11 6

4

235 B B B

3,845 7 11 5 5

1

167

CBB

2,520 4 11 4 4

4

162 ECO

1,475 3 10 3 3 ....

2

80. B D D

1,440 3 10 3 3

3

56. ... B E

1,045 1 10 2 1 1

1

45. ... C E D

690 2 7 2 2

45. E D D

2 11 2 .. 2

51. ODE

810 2 9 2 2

64. E D D

790 2 8 2 1 1

53. E D D

2 6 2 ... 2

42. E D D

1,080 3 10 2 1 1 1

65_ E D E

875 2

2

2 ..

60 D D D D

910 2

1 1 2 ..

63. DDE

600 2 840 2

.. 2 2

52. D D D 64_ B D D

270

... 1

28. E D E

330

... 1

27. E C E

300

1

48. E C E

300

1

34- E D E

300

1

.. 1

22. DEE

500

1

47- E E E

360

... 1

37. E D E

240

1

22- E E E

240

... 1 .

19. C D E

320

... 1

24. E E D

7

240

... 1 .

23- ODE

6

300

1

33- E E E

7

490

1

29, E C D

7

420

1

46. B D O

7

420

1

33. E D E

6}

240

... 1

13. D E E

6

360

... 1

33. D D E

6

420

__. 1

33. O D E

Total

6+ $27,920 63 61 42 19 47 14 34

1,855 D D+D--

REPORT ON SURVEY OF OGLETHORPE COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound.
Oglethorpe County has a total population of 20,287--a school population of 5,395. It has 36 white and 36 colored schools. It has 36 school districts and in 27 of these no local tax is levied. The total tax rate of the county is 18 mills and of this the schools get only one mill. This one mill tax amounts to about $3,300. Under the law any county may levy as many as five mills county wide tax, but in this county the minimum required by law is levied. The county gets from the state much more tax money than it pays in. During the past year the state paid Oglethorpe county for schools $29,606.86. This was supplemented by

12

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

IIII:

REPORT ON SUREY OF OG-LETHORPE COUNTY (Continued)

the one mill tax over the whole county and by a district local tax in nine school districts. The total amount received for schools during the past year was about $40,000.
No county can adequately support seventy-two schools, especially when local effort does not measure up to that of the state. This county could more effectively serve its five thousand children if it would reduce the number of schools by at least 60% and make these stronger and better.
There is not a single consolidated school in the county. This does not mean that there are no good schools, for the county has several schools manned by first-class teachers and are doing good work. It would be much better if many of the smaller schools were consolidated into larger schools where the pupils could be given more time and attention than they are now receiving. As an illustration of this, there are in the county nineteen schools teaching high school subjects. Many of them are manned by one teacher only, fourteen of them have an aggregate attendance of 65 and not one of the fourteen has as many as ten high school pupils enrolled. There are good high schools at Lexington and Crawford with eleven grades. These two schools and the one at Arnoldsville are too close together for all of them to serve as senior high schools. It would be much better if junior high schools were established at Maxeys, Enterprise, Arnoldsville, and one or two other places in the county, and then one first-class high school--fully manned and equipped with agriculture and other vocational subjects introduced--as the senior high school to be placed either at Lexington or Crawford or at some point between the two, if
this can be agreed upon. In the majority of the high schools as now taught the pupils do not get an adequate chance in time
or attention and because of the shortness of recitation periods never make the progress that should be expected. It would be a great improvement if the County Board would pass an order preventing one and two-teacher schools teaching any of the high school subjects.
At Arnoldsville, Crawford, and Lexington the term is nine months, but in the majority of the districts the term is six months only for both white and colored children.
The following recommendations are made : 1. Fix the county tax rate at five mills instead of one. Support all of the schools from county funds in addition to the state funds upon which so many districts have entirely depended. 2. Levy an additional local tax in all of the districts after a consolidation of most of the districts has been made. 3. Eliminate all high school work from one and two-teacher schools. 4. Establish in the heart of the county a first-class senior high school to which all of the graduaates of all of the junior high schools of the county may go without tuition and with cost. Consolidate many of the small schools into larger schools and develop junior high schools at
logical places. 6. Make arrangements with Clarke County to care for the high school pupils who live near the
line to attend the high school at Winterville without cost. 7. Consolidate the Enterprise, Vesta, Palmetto, and Veribest schools at Enterprise as a beginning
in the work of consolidation. 8. Develop a five-year program under which the smaller and weaker schools may be ehminated
with their poor buildings, equipment, etc. Improve the equipment in all of the schools. 10. Increase the length of term to eight months in all of the schools, retaining a nine month's term for the senior high school. 11. Issue bonds to provide suitable buildings. 12. Develop an educational spirit in the county of such a kind as will place the county educationally above the district and cause all to work eventually for a unified system of schools.

Population

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
LINCOLN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

13
Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

4,587

5,152

9,739

3,090

2,528

1,332

225

19.4

1910

3,539

5,175

8,774

2,694

1,545

1,548

187

25.8

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

|

Illiterates Over lnYrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

1918

1,354

1,589

2,943

19

187

1923

1,497

1,644

3,141

20

101

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Total 206 121

Personal

Land

Corporation

$468,732

1

$1,096,281

|

$51,219

Polls $T sru

RECORD OF LINCOLN COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, April, 1924.

SCHOOL
Lincolnton Amity Beulah Double Branch. LaFayette Midway Woodlawn Agnes Arimathea Bethany Forest Grove Goshen Hepzibah Jones Kenna Langston Liberty Hill Loco Maxim New Hope Pine Grove Rock Springs... Union Hill White Plains
Total

9 $ 5,580

6

690

8

888

7

582-

6

600

6

600

7

810

6

332

6

240

6

402

6

330

6

288

6

372

6

576

6

582

6

402

6

336

7

360

6

240

6

240

6

500

6

360

480

330

7 11 29 99 19 2 10 2 10 2 10 29 18 1 10 2 1 1 10 18 18 29 19 27 16 19 17 16 1 1

0
0 ss +

n >>

a

A S3

jj tig

8S3 3 & Si

a
o

do

r-i 'A 'A

w

3 CQ

o
cl
0i

**3fl
3o 30

-4-
a
0.
3

< w

1 2 .. 2 .. .. 2 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 1 .. 1 1. 1. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 ..

34 379 C B

B

65.... C

E

46 D E D D

55

BED

67 B C E E

54 C D B D

69

... C D

35.... D C D

22

E DE

45.... BOD

22 C E D D

35 D D D D

36

E DD

60

E DE

66

DDD

44 B A C D

34

DDD

40.... DCC

12

ADD

21

ODD

54 B E D E

15

DDD

59 C A D E

2 .. 26 C ADD

6+ $ 16,120 38 .... 36 19 17 26 10 24 8 38 1,361... D D+ D

14

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF LINCOLN COUNTY

" j^ad^
^^ "
Number Accelerated. NumberNormal Number Retarded %Accelerated Normal ^Retarded";:::::::::: Median Age Med Retardation

Age-Grade Retardation

I II HI IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

262 128 140 137 130 129 138 106 60 31 Zl~

20 15 15 21 7 15 16 6 2 1 1 192 65 82 66 72 53 49 63 27 15 14

50 48 43 50 51 61 73 37 31 15 6

8 12 11 15 5 12 12 6 3 3 5 73 51 59 48 55 41 35 59 4o 48.5 66



37

30

37

40

47

53

35

52

48.5 29

6.8 8.0 9.2 10.4 11.6 12.9 14.1 14.5 16.1 16.9 17.5

0-2 0-4 0-6 0.9 1.1 0.5 1.1 0.9 0.5

Total
1,282 119 698 465 9 54
37

REPORT ON SURVEY OF LINCOLN COUNTY. BY
E. A. Pound.
Lincoln County has an area of 291 square miles, a population of 9,739. It is served by 25 white and 23 colored schools, a total of 48 schools. The total is entirely too large. However the Board of Education has already taken steps to reduce the number of white schools. The Lincolnton school is a consolidated school recently a consolidated district was laid out with Union as the center. This district originally had six schools and all of these will be merged into one good strong school. The prospective enrollment is 260 for this consolidated school. This will reduce the number of white schools to nineteen.
It is the purpose of the Board to bring about gradually other consolidations in order to develop several Junior high school centers from which schools all of the high school pupils of the county may go
to the Senior High school at Lincolnton. The Lincolnton high school is now offering high school advantages to all of the adolescents of the
county This is the only Senior high school in the county and since it has been receiving the BarrettRogers Fund of $1,000 the attendance upon its high school department has greatly increased, a large number of rural boys and girls taking advantage of the opportunity which it affords. No tuition is
charged the rural boy or girl. There are entirely too many schools trying to teach high school subjects. In fact, twenty schools
are teaching above the eighth grade. Some of these schools are taught by one teacher only and some by teachers who have only an elementary license. Sixteen of these schools have an aggregate attendance of not over 55 pupils. Under this arrangement these 55 pupils are taking away the time of the teachers from over a thousand primary pupils and the result is that neither the high school pupils nor the primary ones receive adequate attention. This is poor educational economy. It is hoped that with the development of the consolidated school and with the strengthening of the senior high school that this condition will be remedied, and that only those schools adequately equipped in every way wiU teach the high school pupils in the future. Of course, the elimination of this high school work from the schools must come gradually. Hitherto the condition of the roads in the county has necessitated the present arrangement but with the development of good roads all over the county good and better schools will eventuate.
The colored population is discussing the erection of a Rosenwald school as a model for the race and this building is one of the possibilities of the near future. The colored schools like those of other counties are not adapted as a rule for school purposes. It may be said of this county that only one of the colored schools is taught in a church, whereas in many counties the majority of them are taught in
such buildings. The following recommendations are made : 1. The school term is 6 months for the majority of the schools-white and colored. A gradual lengthening of the term is advisable as soon as conditions permit in order to give the children of this county an equality of educational opportunity with the children of some other counties. Financial conditions are adverse on account of the ravages of the boll weevil, but the authorities hope to make improvement in this particular as soon as conditions warrant. 2. The improvement of the preparation of teachers by attendance upon summer and normal schools. Perhaps the average license held by the teachers in this county is higher than that of the teachers of some of the other counties of the state. The teachers are as a rule earnest
and enthusuastic and are eager to improve themselves.

^^^^l^^^H

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

15

REPORT ON SURVEY OF LINCOLN COUNTY (Continued)

This county has a county unit system and all educational affairs are under the administration of the County Board of Education. This is to be commended. The elimination of several schools by further consolidation. The buildings, as a rule, are comfortable, but many of them are not well adapted to the pur pose they serve. Several buildings of the county are modern but few of them are adequately equipped. The proper equipment of all buildings should be a part of the forward looking program for the next four years. 6. The principal obstacle to further progress in the county is a lack of funds. The county has a county wide tax but there are no local tax districts except the Lincolnton district. Perhaps it would be wise to levy in several of the districts a local tax in order to supplement the amount now received by them. By so doing many of the districts would have a sufficient amount of money to improve the teacher personnel and to increase the length of term.

FRANKLIN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per CeDt

1920

15,496

4,461

19,957

6,361

4,709

1,841

187

13.1

1910

13,920

3,974

17,894

5,540

3,701

2,247

290

18.3

STATE S(3HOOL CENSUS.

No. Children ft-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

1918

4,891

1,383

6,274

159

19.33

5,121

1,563

6,684

41

TAXAE LE VALUE 1923.

Colored
80 46

Total
239 87

Personal
$894,014
Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med Retardation

Land

Corporation

Polls

$2,582,058

$215,647

Age-Grade Retardation

$2,275

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

802 376 396 404 315 247 270 125 129 76 39 3,179

37 9758551734

91

485 157 153 134 95 94 56 43 43 32 22 1,314

280 210 236 265 212 148 209 81 79 41 13 1,774

4222322164 10

3

61 42 31 39 30 38 21 34 33 42 57

41

35 56 59 59 67 60 77 65 61 54 33

56

7.4 9.3 10.6 11.8 12.8 13.5 15.1 15.6 16.6 17.1 17.5.

0.4 1.3 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.5 2.1 1.6 1.6 1.1 0.5.

16

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF FRANKLIN COUNTY BY
M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, April, 1924.

SCHOOL

Carnesville

_ ..

Co>O

a fi

OS

CD

"3

CO

9 $ 7,020

*Lavonia

..

9

*Royston

9

*Canon ..-.-._

9

Amana

7

Ashland... __
Fairview...

.6
.6

Line No. 1

6

Red Hih

fi

Banks Academy

fi

Center

6

Davis

_6

Dawkins . _

6

Dobbs

6

Farmer's Academy

_6

Flat Rock

6

Gumlog.

fi

Liberty ..

... 6

Mary Moss. . .

7

Middle River.

... 6

Midway ._ . .

.. 6

Mt. View..

.. 6

Plain View..

_. . .. 6

Poplar Spring.

6

Prospect Sandy Cross... .

6
... fi

Thomas..

6

Whitworth

6

Cross Plain.. ...

6

Hudson River

6

Rock Hill

6

13,470 8,945 3,285 1,150 1,080 1,050 1,350 1,050
600 900 780 900 630 900 750 780 780 810 900 1,020 840 780 600 780 840 600 750 420 360 420

Satis. License
Unsatis. 2+
Experi ence
2--

+3

60

a>

oao


03 EH
oUol

u
03
CD
EH

du d
0 to

10 11 8 8

8

21 11 12 12

LI 1

11 11 11 9 2 9 2

8 10 5 5

5

383

312

3 10 3 12 2 1

3 73 1 2 1 2

3933

3

3 8 3 12 1 2

?, 8 2

211

2 7 2 11 2

2921 12

272

2 _. .. 2

1 7 2 11 1 1

3721 1 1 1

2 7 2 11 1 1

?, 6 2 11 2

282

22

2921 12

2 9 2 11 2

2722

2

8 9 2 11 2

292

211

2821 12

282 1 1 1 1

? 7 2 11 2

2822

2

272

22

1711

1

1611

1

171

11

CD

CD
A

>>
03

>> CO
+^
*C-O<

5

3
5 2 3 2
a
i 2 f>
1 1
a
R i 2

1 1 2 3 1 2 1 1
>

L

en

>> a> 03 <6D0
033
do

a
o
aH

CD
P3 +o^>
CD
"a2
CO

as

4-3
FI

a MA CD
CO

M
0

S3

a

i> <60

go

"3
o*

372 C D B B

A

30 174 C E E A

. 391 C C B A

. 204 E B B

. 127

ED

. 126 E D D

. 100 E C C

. 110 E E C D
. 117 D D n C 76 E c D
. 69 E c D . 49 E c D

. 110 E B D

. 31 E E D
. 76 E c B

91 E C D
67. . E n D

. 94 E D D

75 E C C

86 E C D

139 E C D

95 E C D

114 E D E

77 E D D

87 E E E

127

EDD

55 E E D

64 E C D

43 E D D

26 E E D

43 E D D

Total

6+ $54,540 107 92 58 34 74 18 54

.3,415... E C-- D+

REPORT ON SURVEY OF FRANKLIN COUNTY BY
M. L . Duggan.
The outstanding and most important step of progress accomplished recently for the cause of public education in Franklin county is the establishing of an efficient county senior high school at the county seat open in its high school grades to all the children of the county. This has been made possible only through liberal local taxation, a State bonus under the Barrett-Rogers Act, and a very small extra appropriation from the county board of education. The local tax levy for the support of this county high school can not be increased since they are levying the maximum limit; the State bonus under the BarrettRogers Act is a fixed amount; but the amount of the extra aid from the county board of education isleft by law to their best judgement. This senior high school is already patronized by considerably over a

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

17

REPORT ON SURVEY OF FRANKLIN COUNTY (Continued)

hundred high school pupils of the county from outside of the local school district, and therefore deserves for their sakes a more liberal support by the County Board from the county's school funds.
Nearly all of the rural schools were closed when this survey was made, and there were a few from whom we could secure no report. There are too many "little schools" still left in the county, and further consolidations would be in the interest of the cause. Notwithstanding so many schools there are more than fifteen hundred white children in the county who failed to enroll in any school during the current school year. (Exact figures can not be recorded because of failure to get reports from a few small schools.)
Of the ninety-two teachers reported fifty four of them are serving their present schools for the first time, indicating too frequent changes for constructive work. Seventy four of these hold unsatisfactory teachers' license.
The schools at Royston, Lavonia and Canon are on county lines, and therefore only partly Franklin county schools. Too much importance therefore cannot be given to the county senior high school at Carnesville in the center of the county.

0

GREENE COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1930

7,771

11,200

18,971

5,780

3,531

3,171

320

22.7

1910

6,875

11,636

18,511

5,682

3,246

4,107

495

30.4

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

2,012

3,417

5,429

1923

2,448

3,126

5,574

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

307

314

155

160

Personal
$1,518,855
Grade Total Number Accelerated. Number Normal Number Retarded,.. %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

Land

Corporation

Polls

$2,367,400

$106,270

Age-Grade Retardation

$2,698

I ii m IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

322 230 270 229 181 165 46 101 71 61 16

8 13 50 16

11 2 6 7 5

240 147 141 120

88 19 56 40 38 14

74 70 79 93

66 25 39 24 18 2

2 6 19 7

7 4 6 10 8

75 64 52 52 49 53 41 55 56 62 90

23 30 29 41 49 40 55 39 34 30 10

8.2 8.9 10.7 11.9 12.7 14.1 14.6 15.4 16.1 17.0.

0.2.

0.7 0.9 0.7 1.1 0.6 0.4 0.1_

1692 122 992 578
7 59 34

18

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF GREENE COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor, April, 1924.

SCHOOL

*Greensboro

Union Point

White Plains

Bessie Stevens

Siloam

Greshamville

Penfield

Woodville

Cedar Grove

Fair View.

Meadow Crest

Veazy

Bethany

,

Beulah_T Buena Vista

Durant

Harmony Grove

Oak Grove

Oakland.

Salem

Sibley

St. Mary's

Temperance Belk

as
CO

9 $12,030

9

4,935

9 2,633

7 3,000

8 2,320

8 1,290

8

1,760

9 2,385

7

875

7

860

8

1,080

8

1,040

7

525

7

420

7

525

7

420

7

525

7

420

7

280

7

420

7

420

7

420

7

525

11 11 8 10
10 10 10 8
9 10 7
7 7 10 7 7 7 7 7 7 7

s2s
W
3 as

12 11 1 10 2

871 71

55

41

4314

44

22

3213

33

3

33

21

22

11

21111

22

2

22

2 ....

1

1

... 1 1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

... 1 1

1

1

1

... 1 1

...

1

1

1

1

1

tf
as M s
d do

34 379 C C

3 348 C C

6 127 D B

... 68

C

85 D B

70

E

74

C

93 C B

B

3

63. A

70. D

3 .. 60. C

37. D

29. E

4

27. D

38. D

41. D

19. E

15. A

20.... C

1

37 C C

20.... E

40.... E

a
o_
g2o
pq
AB BC AB BD CC EC BB BC
D D D D DE ED DD DD D C EE DE CD
cc cD

Total

7+ $39,108 59

61 53 8 52 9 34 35 54 1,828... C--C--D+

REPORT ON SURVEY OF GREENE COUNTY. BY
I. S. Smith.
The white schools of Greene County run from seven to nine months and maintain a fairly good average for the entire term.
The school at Greensboro is an independent system, receiving $1,000 from the Barrett-Rogers fund. The rural pupils of the county are received into the High school on the same basis as those from the city of Greensboro. The County Board does not give any aid for transportation of High School pupils in the Senior High School. I am sure they would find it profitable to do this. There is one consolidated school in Greene county and I am sure its success warrants the creation of others. Most of the one and two-teacher schools could be easily carried to larger central schools at a very reasonable cost for transportation. Many of them would be in walking distance. I believe the greatest educational need of Greene County at this time is consolidation.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

19

SPALDING COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

11,700

10,206

21,906

6,255

4,399

2,023

194

12.2

1910

9,680

10,060

19,740

5,649

2,982

3,287

382

22.7

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

2,984

1923

4,000

Personal
$3,288,400
Grade Total Number AcceleratedNumber Normal Number Retarded.__ %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

Colored

Total

White

2,873 3,181

5,857

11

7,181

3

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
184 114

Total
195 117

Land

Corporation

Polls

$4,237,235

$1,088,122

$3,354

Age-Grade Retardation

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

631 413 368 355 342 214 163 170 116

11 10 8 6 13 7 5 10

450 225 198 167 166 109 88 101 65

170 178 162 182 163 98 70 59 51

2

2

2

2

4

3

3

6

71 55 54 47 48 51 54 59 56

27 43 44 51 48 46 43 35 44

6.7 8.7 9.8 11.1 11.9 12.9 13.7 14.5 15.8

0.7 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.

XI

81 2
47 32
2
58 40 16.7 0.7

60 2
48 10 3 80 17 17.4_ 0.4_

Total
2,913 74
1,664 1,175
3 57 40

20

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF SPALDING COUNTY BY
Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor, April, 1924.

SCHOOL
t*GriffinHigh Fourth Ward *Sam Bailey, *Sam Bailey Annex *North Side *West Griffin Kincaid East Griffin Rushton Midway Rehobetn Sunnyside Vaughn Mclntosh Orchard Hill Ringgold Rising Sun Anthony, Mt. Zion Pitts Rover Teamon Vineyard l)aniel Memorial Home

C3

9 $23,680

9 7,720

9

7,045

9 4,570

9 5,485

9 4,510

8 2,960

8 2,460

8

1,960

8

1,560

8

1,480

8

1,560

8

1,560

8

1,040

8

1,040

8 1,040

8

1,040

8

520

8

560

8

480

8

480

8

480

8

520

8

520

HS PC

+->
CD

l *a
<>n> M

PI
>ffl
OS 60
&

fl a

9-S o

+J

O

c3

32 2s

a

a dW do
4 fc w

1
CQ

60 30 o <! PP

12 8-11 14 10

16 7 9 2

8 4-7 8 4

84

63

74

67

0

57

4

45

4

39

1

3 10

2

3 10

2

3

2

2

2

2

2

2

1

2

2

1

1

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

13

.. 32 376 D B A A

9

346 A B A A

7

350 B E C D

4

185. ... B C D

6

257. ... C A+ C

5

215. _._ D E D

6

267. _-. E A A

4

240 B A E B

3

135. __. D C D

3

82. ... E C C

1

2 63 _ ... D C D

3

4 72 B C E B

2

25

68 E C C C

1

1 12

24 . -.. B A O

2

2

27 B A C D

1

6

28. ___ B B D

1

47. ... E C D

1

3

28. ... E E D

.. 1 24.

DD

1

17. ... E D D

11

19. D D D

1 1 7 17 .

CD

11

23

DD

1 . .__ 1

30.

AD

Total

8+ $76,350 94

89 52 37 74 15 45 51 41 2,940___ D+C+D--

REPORT ON SURVEY OF SPALDING COUNTY. BY
G. D. Godard.
The schools of Spalding County divide themselves into two distinct groups. There are three large surburban schools which enroll most of the children of the large cotton mills, while in the rural sections are found four three-teacher schools, four two-teacher schools, and seven one-teacher schools.
In addition there are twenty colored schools. In the surburban schools the monthly cost per pupil is $1.65, while in the rural section it is $3.48 per pupil.
The large Cotton Mills are liberal in assisting the county in building and equipping good schoolhouses, and in extending the term of school.
The rural schools are so located that, without consolidation, it is impossible to reduce the cost of teaching. The majority of the two-teacher and three-teacher schools have too many pupils enrolled to allow reduction in teachers, and yet not a sufficient number to make it possible to run the schools on an economic basis. It appears that the number of teachers might handle a larger number of pupils.
The County Board of Roads and Revenues has generously agreed to pay for the operation of schools for the eighth month at the close of the spring term.
There is no local district tax levied in the county, which might be of assistance in extending the educational advantages of the county.
If some consolidations were made the system would be much stronger. The following combinations of schools would ultimately make the system almost ideal:

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

21

RECORD OF SPALDING COUNTY (Continued)

1. The Mclntosh and Mt. Zion schools could be consolidated with the Vaughn school, leaving, perhaps, a one-teacher primary school at Mclntosh.
2. Rising Sun and Vineyard could be united with the Sunnyside school in a new location and a modern building, leaving a primary grade school at Rising Sun.
3. Pitts, Rover and Daniel Memorial could be combined to advantage. 4. Teamon school could be sent to Ringgold where a modern two-teacher school building has
been erected.
5. Rehobeth, Midway and Orchard Hill could be consolidated in such place and way as to form a splendid school.
While these consolidations would possibly not reduce the cost of schools, it would multiply the strength of these schools for the rural pupils. Not cheaper schools but better schools should be the aim.
It is further recommended that one good school properly located should be maintained in the Line Creek District.
The county might issue bonds for the construction of suitable buildings for the schools of the county. If this cannot be done, the enlarged districts could easily issue bonds for the construction of their own buildings.
With the good roads for which the county is becoming noted, the transportation of pupils, so much as would be necessary, need not be excessively costly.
The Griffin High School located near the center of the county serves as the county high school. Thus the pupils of the county have splendid high school advantages.
The tuition charged rural pupils in the Griffin High School is almost prohibitive, although it may be thought necessary by the City Board. Some adjustment between the County and City Boards of Education whereby this tuition would be materially diminished or entirely abolished should be adopted.
Eight county schools are attempting to do some high school work for which they are poorly equipped or absolutely unqualified to do. Junior High School work, eighth and ninth grade work, should be done at a new school between Pomona and Sunnyside, at Ringgold, at Vaughn, and at a consolidated school which should absorb Rehobeth, Midway, and Orchard Hill schools.
It would be not only financial economy but educational economy for all tenth and eleventh grade pupils to be sent to the Griffin High School.
GRIFFIN SCHOOLS.
The Public System of Griffin consists of five white grammar schools, two colored grammar schools, and one white High School.
The organization of the schools appears to be effective, the management smooth, and the work commendable.
The building in which the West Griffin School is housed is an old stone residence transformed into only a bearable schoolhouse. The city has intended to re-build or improve this building in some way. It is urged that this be done at no distant date.
All other white school buildings are safe and strong. North Side, Fourth Ward, and the High School buildings are of modern plan and construction. The Sam Bailey building and the Sam Bailey Annex are well constructed buildings of an older type. The colored school buildings are of wooden material. A splendid library is located on the High School grounds. The books are well selected and suitable for the pupils as well as for the adults. The courses of study are well adjusted to the needs of the pupils. The commercial course and domestic science are being made helpful to the pupils. The colored people ha ye a good high school in the northern section of the city, which is being largely fostered by the Cabin Creek Baptist Association.
A large number of the High School pupils of Spalding County attend the high school in Griffin. This is the county high school. It stands to reason that all barriers which make it difficult for these rural high school pupils to attend this county high school should be eliminated as far as possible, and the county and city become one in purpose and plan.
It is noted that the teachers of the system have not kept up their license nor professional training. Some have not had any professional training, not many of them have attended any summer schools in recent years.

22

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

CAMPBELL COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Per Cent Years

1920

7,556

4,153

11,709

3,493

1,867

1,105

100

12.8

1910

7,258

3,616

10,874

3,260

2,039

1,343

153

17.1

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

2,046

1923

2,356

Personal
$780,897
Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded... %Accelerated.. %Normal feSRetarded Median Age Med. Retardation....

Colored

Total

White

1,394

3,440

7

1,464

3,820

24

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
49 50

Total
56 74

Land

Corporation

Polls

$2,470,878

$909,956

$1,597

Age-Grade Retardation

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

302 210 240 213 179 166 136 107 12 10 10 11 5 4 5 3
217 142 147 115 108 71 55 43 73 58 83 87 66 91 76 61 45452233 71 68 61 54 60 43 40 40 25 27 35 41 38 55 57 57 7.0 8.2 9.4 10.7 11.6 13.1 14.2 15.3 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.6 1.1 1.2 1.3

47
24 23
51 49 15.9 0.9

46 1
39 6 2
84 14 16.2 0.2

29 2
21 6 7
73 20 17.1. 0.1.

1,675 63
982 630
4 52 44

SCHOOL
Fairburn. Palmetto Union City Baptist Rest Bethlehem Cedar Grove Goodes Kite Mims Palmetto Mill Red Oak Rico Sand Town Stonewall Antioch Bethel Buffington Friendship Harmony Grove Mt. Vernon Rivertown Spring Hill Union Welcome All Wilson
Total

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

23

RECORD OF CAMPBELL COUNTY BY
L. M. Lester, Supervisor.

9 9 9 7 7 6 6
6
9 9 8 8 6 6 6 6 6 6 __ 7 6 6 8 6 7 6

CO
$ 7,380 3,720 4,345 980 920 750 600 730 1,080 810 1,200 1,040 900 600 360 400 400 360 400 360 360 420 420 400 450

4^ ^

M ca

<P

3

a H CO

CCS

CD

rot d

CO
n30)

03 <B
H
o

aCO
ao

!zi 0 fc CO

7
H
+

10 11 10 10

91

6 10 5 5 .... 5 ...

5 10 5 5 .... 3 2

3821 11

2 10 2 2

1

2821

2

272 1

1

2821

1721

1

2722

1

2822

1

2 10 2

1

272

1

272

2

17

18 17 18

27

16

17

18

17

1 ..

17

1 ._

18

1 ..

CO W)
CO
dW 0
125

d
4J PI m
a
p.
3

9

335 C-- B D D

1

180 C-- O D E

3

148 C+ B D D

1

66.... E E D

2

50... D O D

2

71... C B D

2

48... E B D

2

63... O D E

1 2 1 47. _. O E D

2

62... C B O

1 8 1 90 B- D B B

2

61 D O D

2.

53 D D E

2

60 C E D

1

28.... A E D

1.

24 E D

36 D

D

23 _. C E E

3 .... 31.. .. E O D

20.. .. E E D

23_. .. E D D

34... . O

38.. .. E D D

45_. .. A D C

42.. .. E O D

6+ $29,385 55 .. 53 44

37 16 40 37 6 1,678...D+ C-- C--

24

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON SURVEY OF CAMBPELL COUNTY. BY
L. M. Lester.
The following comments and recommendations are made on the schools of Campbell County: 1. Most of the rural school buildings are in comparatively good condition. Some of them are new and of modern type. All seem to be very well kept. 2. The road to real progress, however, lies in promoting consolidated schools rather than in intensifying pride in the small local school. The opportunity presented by the paved highway in the eastern part of the county and the good roads in the southern part should not be
overlooked. 3. The Fairburn High School should have its special charter restrictions removed and operating
under the county system, be merged with the Union City, Harmony Grove, Buffington, Stonewall and Baptist Rest school districts. This would obviate the constitutional limitations which now prevent Fairburn from issuing bonds for a school building. The new district thus created would be sufficiently strong to erect excellent buildings and to provide generously
for the maintenance of its schools. 4. What is true of the Fairburn school with reference to revoking its charter and consolidation
is also true of the Palmetto School, now operating independently but inefficiently. 5. High school work should be restricted to three or four well organized schools. Two-teacher
schools should do no higher than seventh grade work, and one-teacher schools should be limited
to five grades. 6. The percentage of teachers with first grade license is very high, when it is taken into con-
sideration that the average annual salary for white teachers is only $400.00 7. The Rosenwald school at Fairburn is an excellent example of what can be done for the negroes.

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education
N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under th Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3,1917, authorized October 5, 1923.

Vol.1

Atlanta, July 1, 1924

No. 17

We publish this week a brief account of the Convention of Superintendents and School Officials by Mr. M. L. Duggan, who has been secretary of this Convention since its organization.
From time to time we will print all the papers. The two principal subjects, around which the entire program of the Convention was centered, were "Equal Educational Opportunity" and "Waste in Education." In this issue we present the paper of Dr. Rufus W. Weaver, President of Mercer University, dealing chiefly with equal educational opportunity.
GEORGIA PUBLIC SCHOOL OFFICIALS' ASSOCIATION.
(By M. L. Duggan)
This Association convened at the call of State Superintendent Ballard, at Athens on Tuesday and Wednesday, July 8 and 9, 1924. The registration of county and city superintendents, members of Boards of Education, attendance officers, and other school officials numbered 199, representing 147 counties of the state. Superintendent N. H. Ballard, who by the Association's Constitution is ex-officio its chairman, presided. The program as prepared was carried out with only two or three speakers absent. The informal discussions were free and easy, and a spirit of interest and good will was plainly manifest. The first session began with a characteristic heart-talk by Chancellor Barrow. President R. W. Weaver, of Mercer University, followed with an able presentation of the history and present situation of the Georgia public school system and pointed out some of its principal needs. President Cox, of Emory University, made a short, but forceful address. Governor Walker was the main speaker at the morning session.
The afternoon session of the first day, was divided between two important and interesting addresses by State Superintendent N. H. Ballard and Hon. H. H. Elders, Chairman of the Committee on Education, of the Georgia House of Representatives, both of which were listened to with decided interest.
The Athens Kiwanis Club entertained members of the Association at a reception in the newly constructed Memorial Hall on the University Campus.
At the night session appeared Ex-State School Superintendents, G. R. Glenn and Jere M. Pound, who spoke briefly, after which the principal address of the evening was delivered by Dr. A. E. Winship, Editor of the New England Journal of Education.
The second day's session was devoted mainly to discussions of the Waste in Education, as follows: Waste on Account of Health, by Supt. C. B. Gibson, of Savannah; Waste on Account of One-Teacher Schools, by Hon. J. E. D. Shipp, of Sumter County; Waste on Account of Inefficient Teachers, by Supt. R. B. Bower, of Decatur County; Waste on Account of Lack of Supervision, by Supt. J. M. Starr, of Coweta County; Waste in Financial Operations, by Supt. C. W. Moran, of Hancock County.
Supt. T. T. Benton, of Jackson County, and Superintendent-elect Mrs. McArthur Jones, of Early County, told in their respective addresses why county school superintendents should be elected by vote of the people whom they serve.
The Chair announced appointment of an Executive Committee to act also as a Resolution and Legislative Committee:
WalterMcMichael, Chairman, Randolph County; C. W. Moran, Hancock County; C. B. Gibson, Chatham County; A. N. Swain, Gordon County; T. T. Benton, Jackson County; J. M. Starr, Coweta County; C. W. Edwards, White County; W. V. Lanier, Jenkins County; B. S. Fitzpatrick, Twiggs County.
The Committee of Resolutions presented the following resolutions, which were unanimously endorsed and adopted by the Association:
Your Committee recommends that the next meeting of the Public Schools Officials' Association shall meet at the same place and one day prior to the meeting of the G. E. A. for the year 1925.
Resolved: That the Public Schools Officials' Association give a vote of thanks to Supt. Ballard for the most excellent program which he arranged for this meeting.

2

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

Resolved: That the thanks of this association be extended to the officials of the University Summer School and to the Kiwanis Club of Athens, for their courtesies and hospitality.
This Committee respectfully asks that Supt. Ballard keep the members of this Association informed of any pending legislation relative to school interest, so that they may in turn, see or write their representatives and senators and ask that they take care of the situation.
Resolved: That this Convention realizing the great need of more money to put our common school funds of the State on a sounder basis that we pledge ourselves to favor no issue of bonds by the State for any purpose that does not carry with it a proper application of the proceeds, or a part thereof, to the advancement of the common schools of the State.
Resolved: First, That we petition and recommend as a Convention of Public School Officials, to the Legislature of Georgia that the $100,000 needed annually and formally appropriated to carry out the provisions of the Barrett-Rogers Act for the encouragement of the High Schools of the State, be paid out of the poll taxes of Georgia, or out of the taxes on gasoline, or from other sources than the common school fund of the State.
Resolved; Second, that each member of this Convention be requested to use his influence to secure the passage of an Act of the Legislature carrying out this purpose.
The Georgia County School Commissioners' Association was organized upon the call of State Superintendent G. R. Glenn in 1894. Later it was made the Georgia County School Officials' Association, so as to include county board members. Now it is the Georgia Public School Officials' Association, so as to include all its name implies. Meetings have been held every year since its organization in 1894, which makes the 1924 meeting the thirty-first Annual session. One year two sessions were held, one in Augusta in May, and another in Athens in August,--the latter at the invitation and expense of the General Education Board of New York. Also this year two sessions have been held, the informal conference in Savannah, in May, and the regular session in Athens. Therefore, if these two extra sessions be counted, this has been thirtythree conventions of the Georgia School Officials. By its Constitution the State Superintendent of Schools has always been the Chairman. Hon. R. J. Guinn, of Atlanta, at that time Chief Clerk in the State Department of Education, was made Secretary, and at every session since, Mr. M. L. Duggan has acted as Secretary.
There has always been very active interest in these conferences of school officials and probably no session has proven more interesting than the one just closed.
THE PROBLEMS OF PUBLIC EDUCATION IN GEORGIA.
(By Dr. Rufus W. Weaver)
Less than two centuries have passed since the first settlement within this commonwealth. Barely one century has passed since the withdrawal of the Indians from a large portion of the state's territory. Within the past fifty years vast tracts of forests have been converted into farm land. Today 74% of our population is rural. In 1920 Georgia had a population of 1,672,928 whites and of these less than 60,000 were not southern by birth, while less than 200,000 were born outside of Georgia.
These facts furnish the basis for some significant conclusions. We are a pioneer people engaged in the development of a civilization in which many of our problems are the problems of the frontier. We are an agricultural people suffering from the ravages of pests and poorly organized markets. We are a Georgia people with all the advantages and the disadvantages growing out of a limited contact with the world at large. We are a God-fearing, conservative people, indicated by the very large number of members in our evangelical churches. The latest statistics seem to indicate that ten out of every twenty-nine of our population belong to some Baptist church. The Methodists come next with a large and influential membership.
The War Between the States left Georgia in ashes. Half a century passed before the taxable wealth of the state attained an amount equal to that immediately preceding the Civil War. In politics we have adhered to the Democratic party, with the result that personalities rather than principles have created the issues within the state.
The area of our commonwealth, the variety of soils within our boundaries, the vast undeveloped natural resources, especially our water power, give us the right to the title, the Empire State of the South. It is highly probable that more material progress will be attained in Georgia during the next 25 years than in any other southern state.
The fulfillment of this expectation depends more upon the promotion of public education in every part of the state than upon any other factor. The most urgent need is a great man as chief executive of the state, elected upon an educational program supported by a Legislature committed to the progressive educational legislation which will provide equal opportunities for the training of youth in the country and in the towns. The meeting today takes on a new significance when we reflect that here at the State

GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

University are assembled the men and the women who have it within their power to create the very conditions upon which the future prosperity of this commonwealth depends.

The record of public education in Georgia is the story of forward-looking men thwarted in the carrying out of a progressive educational program by the narrowness and the prejudices of those whose interests were selfish and whose eyes were blinded to the rights of Georgia children.

Georgia began its life as a colony by prohibiting slavery and the sale of intoxicating liquors, and signalized its entrance as a state into the American Union by an educational policy which, if it had been carried out, would have realized the ideal of Thomas Jefferson in the establishment of the peoples' common schools.

The first constitution of the state, made in 1777, when the white population probably did not exceed 20,000, with a militia force of about 2,800 muskets, threatened by an army of 10,000 Indian warriors, with a
population divided in its allegiance to the new government, declared that "schools shall be erected in every county and supported at the general expense of the state."

Six years later the Legislature was empowered to grant 1,000 acres of wild land for a free school in every county. Under this provision Richmond Academy at Augusta, came into existence. Five years, later Chatham Academy was founded and the famous Sunbury Academy of Liberty County.

The reaction so characteristic of Georgia history appears in the second constitution of the state

passed in 1789, which makes no provision for education. However, the third constitution, 1798, contains

I

the f ollowing: "The arts and sciences shall be promoted in one or more seminaries of learning and the Legislature shall, as soon as conviently may be, give such further donations and privileges to those already es-

tablished as may be necessary to serve the object of the institution and it shall be the duty of the General

Assembly at the next session to provide effective measures for the improvement and permanent security

of the funds and endowments of such institutions."

The question may be asked, why did our forefathers fail to carry out this program which would
have given to us, in the language of President Church of the University of Georgia, "a system of education equal if not superior to that of any state in the Union."

In 1790 the total number of whites in Georgia was only 52,000. Sixty years later the white population had increased to only 500,000. In 1830 the white population was probably 300,000 and the school population not over 50,000. The poverty of a great number of settlers, their isolation, their rude means of transportation, the terribly unhealthiness of the country, the illiteracy of the parents of so many of the children, lack of school buildings, the necessity among the non-slave holding white population for child labor, all contributed to the wide-spread indifference to public education.

The ability of the slave-holding class to provide education for their children either on the plantation or in the academies which rapidly multiplied, furnished educational opportunities for those who wanted their children to be educated. In 1829 there were sixty-four academies for a school population of not over 50,000 and eleven years later there were 176 seminaries and academies with an attendance of over 8,000 pupils.
During this period a number of institutions of higher education had come in^o existence. The Baptists had established Mercer University, Penfield, Georgia; the Southern Female College, LaGrange, Georgia; the Monroe Female College, Forsyth, Georgia; Spalding Seminary, Spalding, Georgia. The Methodists had created Emory College, Oxford, Georgia; Wesleyan College, Macon Georgia; LaGrange Female College, LaGrange, Georgia. The Presbyterians had founded Oglethorpe University near Milledgeville, Georgia. In no other southern state during the 35 years previous to 1860 was the opportunity to acquire a good education so extensive and so accessible to so large a number of ambitious youths of the more favored class as in the Commonwealth of Georgia.

Appropriations were made during this period by the State Legislature for the support of free schools. The existing conditions made impossible the success of these schools. The belief that every parent was responsible for the education of his children was well-nigh universal among the prosperous citizens of the state. The public schools were called the pauper schools. The effort later to combine the academic and the elementary departments of education into a school common to the rich and the poor developed such opposition that existing laws favorable to this educational policy were repealed. Three years later the counties were authorized to raise by local taxation an amount sufficient, with the state distribution, to educate the poor children.

A leading educator of this period said,' 'We have made the schools mere charities. We are living under
the impression that the children of our state belong to two classes, one rich and the other poor. The poor
schools of the state, by reason of the law that created them, are robbed of their influence for good which they might otherwise wield.

The War between the States stripped Georgia of her wealth, left her homes, her academies and her colleges in ruins and in large measure placed the citizens of the state upon the common level of poverty.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
Most of the states in the South in adopting new constitutions, made during the reconstruction period, incorporated into the fundamental law the public school policy. In 1868, under the reconstruction government, a new constitution was adopted making ample provision for universal education. Taxing powers were conferred for "a thorough system of general education," to be everywhere free to all the children in the state; the office of state school commissioner was created, a poll tax and a special tax on shows, exhibitions, and the sales of spiritous and malt liquors, were devoted to the support of the common schools.
Three years later, in large measure due to the efforts of the Georgia Education Association, organized in Savannah in 1867, the first free school law was placed upon the statute books. The county board of education, to be elected by popular vote of each county, was created. School districts were laid out. General J. H. Lewis was appointed by Governor Bullock as school commissioner. Two years later the selection of teachers was placed in the hands of the county boards of education, together with the direction of all school matters within the county.
Later the election of the county board of education was taken from the people and put into the hands of the grand jury of the county. The grand jury was also entrusted with the power of imposing a tax to bring the school session up to six months. Provision was made for the subsidizing of any school to teach the common school children for the time during which the fund would hold out. This tended to the continuance of private, independent and denominational schools.
The constitution of 1877 also made provision for "a thorough system of common schools." Georgia owes a lasting debt to Dr. Gustavus J. Orr, for his heroic efforts during this period in behalf of public education.
The constitution of 1877, however, created anembarrassment and limited for many years the progress of public education. It said "there shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of children in the elmentary branches of an English education only, as nearly uniform as practicable, the expenses of which shall be provided for by taxation and otherwise. The schools shall be free to all the children of the state, but separate schools shall be provided for the white and the colored races."
Georgia, just 100 years after the enactment of its first constitution, had at last established "a thorough system of common schools" for the education of her children. Three handicaps were placed up-
on the system, while a fourth relating to taxation, contri 6 uted perhaps to a greater degree to the slow and painful progress of our public schools.
The first was the subsidizing of private and denominational schools, which undertook the giving of instruction in elementary branches to the children and on this basis were the recipients of public funds.
The second was the method by which the county board of education was selected. No other American state has ever before or since adopted the curious method of selecting its county board of education by a grand jury, a body of men whose names are drawn out of a box by the judge of a superior court.
The selection of men to whom we entrust the most important function of the state as it effects the future by a procedure which may have some Biblical support, namely, by lot, has created in recent days a situation against which our Revolutionary ancestors took up arms against the mother country. The county board of education has the right to impose taxation and thus we have in Georgia "taxation without representation."
The third serious limitation restricted public education to "the elementary branches of an English education only." The State was not allowed to participatein the field of secondary education. It was not until 1920 that the embarrassing phrase, "in the elementary branches of an English education only," was stricken out.
The conditions existing in 1875 throw a further light upon the educational problems of that period. Seven counties conducted public schools under local laws: Chatham, Fulton, Richmond, Bibb, Muscogee, Spalding and Glynn. There were 820 private elementary and 104 private high schools. There is no report given as to the actual number of public schools throughout the state.
The greatest handicap created by the constitution related to the restriction of the issuing of bonds and the imposing of local taxes for schools purposes.
These limitations within the constitution became the primary cause for our failure to develop throughout the whole state a local support for public schools. Georgia is still educationally in the period of local option. The municipalities and the progressive school districts, willing to impose upon themselves special local taxation for education, have made great progress. The backward county with little taxable wealth and a scattered population, dependent almost entirely upon the amount given to it from the state treasury for school purposes, and the unprogressive community left out when the forward-looking school districts around it imposed a special local tax, have created in Georgia a most difficult problem.

GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

5

This problem is economic because of the poverty of the counties and the districts. It is psychological because of the prejudices on the part of parents against education and especially against higher taxation. It is m part religious in that many of the pastors are not active supporters of public education. i-y, * ,-, f Stnkmg fact tnat in sPite of these limitations we should witness a remarkable development in trie field of secondary education. The amendment to the constitution passed in 1920 granted to the state tv! TM partlcipate in the support of secondary education. The Barrett-Rogers act, authorizing tne Mate Education Board to make ap ropriations to high schools on condition that they should become accredited four year schools, together with the privileges enjoyed by municipalities and counties, has made possible the greatest advance in all Georgia educational history. We have increased the number of accredited secondary schools from 11 in 1905 to 275 in 1924, and the number of graduates has increased from 96 in 1905 to 8,057 in 1923. All of these graduates were ready to enter college without standing an examination.
The rapid increase in the number of high school graduates accounts for the fact that every college m Georgia is crowded to its capacity. Great credit should be given to Dr. J. S. Stewart for his faithful serIhCV^malntalmng hlgh standards in connection with the accrediting of these schools. It is significant tnat tne number of private and denominational high schools has been reduced from 104 in 1875 to 39 in 1924
This brief survey of Georgia educational history brings us face to face with our immediate problems' in each successive period we have found men giving themselves with laudable devotion to the promotion 01 public education only to have their plans thwarted. Georgia has not developed even yet an educational conscience while our educational machinery is cumbersome and out of date. In many counties the schools are controlled by men selected because of their political influence rather than for their educationalf itness
It has been nearly six years since I came to Georgia. Having been chosen as president of Mercer university by the Board of Trustees, I stopped over in Atlanta before going to Macon for the purpose of cainng upbn Hon. M. L. Brittain, then superintendent of public instruction. I told him that I was coming to live m Georgia, and that I desired to tender to him whatever influence I might have in the promotion of public education. I recognized then as I do now that I could do more for the Baptists of Georgia through promoting the public schools of Georgia than I could by making Mercer University an institution of genuine university grade.
Through the courtesy of Governor Thomas W. Hardwick, I was appointed two years ago a member of the State Board of Education. As far as my duties have permitted, I have given time and thought to the consideration of our educational problems in Georgia. I do not speak as one who is as thoroughly acquainted with the conditions as those of you who have lived longer in the state. I hesitate, indeed, to make any suggestions, but the invitation of our State Superintendent to speak on this occasion has imposed upon me a duty of presenting to you those things which I believe to be most needed.
Meeting as we do at the University of Georgia, I would say to the beloved and distinguished Chancellor, as I do to every other college executive that, in my judgment, the time has come when we who represent institutions of higher learning, should think less of the promotion of our own institutions and more about the ways and means by which we may be able to eradicate adult illiteracy in Georgia and promote better rural schools and better living conditions in the open country.
I would say the same to you who have been recently nominated or re-nominated for county superintendents. While it is my conviction that any law which may be enacted now relative to the election of county superintendents by a county board of education which, in turn, has been elected by the people, should not be made effective until your term of office has expired. I do believe that every one of you should lend his influence to the abolition of this undemocratic and utterly foolish method of selecting the county board of education by the grand jury, a species of belated paternalism; and that you personally should favor the selection as the superintendent of county schools the best trained and most experienced man who can be secured to fill that position and that you shall take this view because you are high-minded unselfish men, placing above all personal interest, the welfare of the children of your country.
It was a backward step taken in 1909 when the Legislature passed a law requiring the county superintendent of schools to be elected by the people. I quote from the report of Hon. M. L. Brittain for the year ending December 31,1917, From a man of such gracious manner and speech, the words take on a new significance: "It was a cheap piece of demagogic legislation, and while its addition to the number of candidates undoubtedly pleased ward-heelers and other mill-dewed men who infest political campaigns, it was reactionary and hurtful to the educational interests of the state. It was j ust as sensible to elect a manager of a factory or the cashier of a bank by popular vote. Its inj urious effects have already been felt. We should give the country children the same chance as those in town for an expert adviser rather than a successful hand-shaker or campaigner."



GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

1

According to the U. S. census there is only one other state in the union with a larger number of Illiterates than Georgia and that state is New York. In 1916 there were more adult illiterates of voting age in Georgia than there were votes cast for both Mr. Wilson and Mr. Hughes in the presidential campaign. Therefore, I feel that the present Legislature should make a special appropriation to the Illiteracy Commission appointed during the administration of Governor Dorsey, so that this body may be able to direct the teaching of illiterates throughout Georgia. I have been a member of this Commission since its establishment. There was placed in our hands by the State Legislature less than $15,000 and yet two years later we were able to report that through the expenditure of this small sum of money we had reduced the illiterates in Georgia by over 18,000, or six per cent, of the total number in the state. An annual appropriation of $20,000 ought to enable us to cut in half the illiteracy of this state by the next census. No better investment can be made by the State Legislature at this time.
The problem of certification of teachers is one that is now causing some discussion. The State Board of Education does not believe that the new system of certification is perfect, that it does not need to be revised, that changes will not be made within the coming year. However, it is the first effort to provide, under the control of the State Department of Education directly, a system of certification and in the new system standards are undoubtedly raised, although there is some reasonable complaint with regard to the amount of professional training required.
Permit me to say that in my judgment the benefits of this improved system of certification will not reach the whole state until the kind of certificates or licenses will determine in every county the amount of salaries that should be paid. So long as county boards of education or school trustees designate as the salary to be paid at the school an amount which will be given to any teacher elected to that school without reference to the kind of license or certificate which the teacher holds, progress in certitification will not benefit the children. I believe that there should be set a standard for each grade of certificate we give. If the county pays $75.00 a month to a teacher holding a first grade elementary certificate which we now call the A grade, then one holding the B grade ought not to be paid more than $60.00 and one holding a C grade ought not to be paid more than $40.00. Such a differentiation would immediately affect the teaching in our schools. Every teacher would know that an increase in salary would depend upon an advance in his standing and that political influence would not enable him to secure a better school at a better salary than his certificate entitled him. I commend to the members of this Legislature the consideration of this matter.
In my judgment the most important matter is the providing by the state of an equalizing fund similar in character to the fund provided for the high schools and the consolidated schools in the Barrett-Rogers Act, Which would enable the State Board to aid backward counties on condition that by local taxation they would raise an amount sufficient to provide six months of instruction in all their schools. It is a notorious fact that many counties are now receiving aid from the state and thereby violating the law that requires every school to continue for a term of six months. With this equalizing fund, we will be able to transform conditions in all our rural schools. We will open the door of opportunity to country boys and girls. The children in the mountains and the children in the wire-grass and the swamps will be given a chance. The path that opens to achievement will, by way of the school house, reach every home in Georgia.
The city schools with their thousands and millions of dollars may oppose this equalizing fund. Independent school systems may view this proposal with suspicion. There will be opposition to any plan that will give practical help and will promote the education of the poor country boys and girls in Georgia.
In other days the slave-holding class opposed the expenditure of money ; poured contempt upon the poor schools and the pauper children who attended them. Today we do not speak of pauper children, but pauper counties, and rich cities which draw their wealth from the open country, boast of the large contribution that they make to the state treasury.
The faithful legislators of our state are concerned in defending the rights and in promoting the welfare of all the future citizens of the state. As we were willing only a short time ago to spend our treasure and to give the lives of our strong young men in order to save other nations from German oppression, so we ought to be ready now to give our strength and our treasure to develop the minds and to train the hands of all the boys and the girls of all the state, especially the boys and the girls of the open country.
Georgia needs a state system of public education, with the emphasis placed upon the word state. The laws upon which independent systems are now established should be abolished, and all the schools of the state placed under the control of the State Board of Education. This will make possible a uniform course of study from the primary grades through the high schools. This would give a uniform system of textbooks and will enable children moving during the school year from one part of the state to another to continue their work without loss of time or money.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

7

The system of state certification should be made to apply to every school within the state, and the salaries paid m each county should be based upon the certificate which the teacher holds. A minimum salary should be set for each grade of certificate and the teachers of Georgia should be given a period of time in which to secure the professional training they need and the state should make it possible for this training to be furnished at the least possible cost.
Better supervision is urgently needed. The election of the county superintendent of public instruction by a county board of education, choosing him on the basis of his professional fitness, will contribute more to better teaching in our public schools than the addition of a million dollars to the public school
The principle which should govern all state legislation is the providing of equal educational opportunities for all the children of the state in such a way as to evoke on the part of the community an increased local support of the public schools. A better day is coming in Georgia and that day will be hastened by progressive legislation in the interest of public education.

:o

J

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
DADE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
3,688 3,848

Colored
230 291

Total
3,918 4,139

6-18 Years
1,241 1,237

Attending School
1,022 774

STAE SCHOOL CENSUS.

Over 10 Years
237 422

16-20 Years
17 41

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

Per Cent
8.3 14.5

White

1918

1,126

1923

1.134

Personal $267,446

Colored

Total

White

79

1,205

15

61

1 195

8

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $1,366,585

Corporation $793,085

RECORD OF DADE COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, March 1824.

Colored
2 5

Total
17 13

Polls $762

SCHOOL
Trenton RisingFawn NewEngland NewSalem Wildwood Brown Gap Byrd's Chapel Cave Springs Cioverdale Head River Hooker LookoutMt Morganville Mt Carmel Murphy Hollow New Liberty Scalf State Line Union Woorley Chapel

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6 8 6 6
6 6 6 6 6 6 6
6 6 6 6 6 6+

$3,825 5 11

1,980 3 8

960 2 7

690 2 7

750 2 7

640

7

450

7

420

6

360

7

390

390

300

450

240

330

390

300

240

360

450

$13,915 29 ..

5 3 2 2 2
29 22

11

12

1 ..

1_

24

17 14

198 107
46 51 52 52 43 28 45 43 45 33
29
19 29 48 26 26 25 68 1,013

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GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
DADE COUNTY

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med Retardation

Age-Grade Retardation

I n m iV

VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

293
.12 173
108 4 59 37 7.4 0.4

144
2 37
105 1
26 73 9.9 1.9

144
7 40
97 5 28 67 11.2 2.2

135
6 40
89 4 30 66 12.4 2.4

109 8 30 71 7
28 65
13.5 3-5

87 7 14
66 8 16 76
14.3 2.3

54 6 12 36 11 22 67
15.4 2.4

27 4 7 16 15 26 59 15.3 1.3

13 .1
61 64 _8 25 46 26" 75 46 17.1 16.9 18.6 2.1 0.9 1.8

1019 53 362 604 5
35 60

REPORT ON DADE COUNTY SURVEY. BY
E. A. Pound
Dade County, the most northwesterly county of Georgia, is traversed by Lookout Mountain and Sand Mountain, and presents many difficulties in the development of an ideal school system. The majority of the people live m Lookout Valley, but many find homes upon the top of Lookout. However with the development of better roads the future of Dade County appears brighter from both an educational and a commercial standpoint.
Several attempts at consolidation have been made, and, at last, the authorities succeeded in making a consolidation at Trenton, the county site. Piney Grove and Trenton were consolidated in 1921 and since then the first high schooiin the county has been developed at Trenton. Although the population is a little less than five thousand, yet within the past two years the high school has been developed and now 54 children of the county are in attendance upon this school, while the total attendance is 208. This is a great step in advance of what formerly obtained when nearly all of the schools were of the one-teacher type A school truck is now being operated from Piney Grove bringing 30 or 35 children to this school
There is an eighth grade at Rising Fawn, this being the next largest school of the county These two schools take care of all the high school pupils of the county. With the development of better primary schools, which will eventually be brought about by elimination of several other schools and by improvment of the personnel of teachers, this county will develop a school system of which it will be proud
Already steps have been taken for an issue of bonds to build a first class high school building at Trenton. A mass meeting was called recently and the people voted with only one dissenting vote to issue bonds
for the erection of the contemplated school building. This school will serve all the high school pupils of the county, and hope is entertained that it will attract larger and larger numbers to the high school As to the improvement of the primary schools the superintendent has stated that as soon as the county wide tax was passed he has extended the length of the term so as to command the services of better teachers The term has already been extended from four and five months to a six months term. By a little increase m the amount of taxes levied-county wide-the tax being now two and one-half mills, the term may eventually be lengthened to seven or more months. In the schools at Rising Fawn and Trenton the term has already been increased to nine months.
At one time many of the teachers held a third grade license, and some merely temporary certificates Today the majority of the teachers hold first grade licenses, and the teachers, as a rule, seem ambitious to improve themselves.
There are twenty white schools and two negro schools in the county. This county being a mountain county, the colored population is small and,hence, it receives practically no state funds for its negro population. Only about 25 colored children were in school during the past year. A Rosenwald building might be advisable for the colored children.
The following recommendations are made:
1. The issue of bonds for the erection of a first class high school building at Trenton, the county site, for all the children of the county.
All the children of the county of adolescent age should attend this school. Before the use of the present building for a high school, all the children of the county who went to high school were

19

GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

DADE COUNTY (Continued).
forced, on account of conditions, to go to Chattanooga, a city in another state for high school advantages. With the erection of a modern high school building all the adolescents of the county can secure a high school education at home without the expense incident to going away to school. 2. An increase in the county-wide tax during the next year, in order to increase the length of term. 3. The consolidation of the New England and Byrd's Chapel schools with the school at Trenton. These schools will bring to Trenton more than a hundred additional pupils and all of them will receive better advantages then they have today. New England school is a two-teacher school and Byrd's Chapel a one-teacher school. This step is now being discussed by the people of the districts and such a consolidation may be brought about during the present year. 4. Attendance of all teachers who wish to keep abreast of the times upon summer schools, normals, etc. 5. The development of the educational consciousness of the people to the highest possible extent. 6. Visitation of the principal of the senior high school to the schools of the county in order to show the necessity of a high school education and the development of a sentiment for such.

HABERSHAM COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

10,115

615

10,730

3,299

2,493

539

56

7.0

1910

9,423

711

10,134

2,975

2,107

978

86

13.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
3,102 3,959

Personal $956,689

Colored

Total

White

184

3,286

75

323

4,282

41

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $2,269 605

Corporation $2,786,603

Colored
3 11

Total
78 52

Polls $2,719

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

I

II III IV V

VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Total

Total

782 387 383 418 359 356 237 178 153 103 93 19 3468

Number Accelerated . 37 12 15 18 21 41 13

7

8 12 5 2 191

Number Normal

470 203 164 142 126 116 83 63 62 43 44 9 1525

Number Retarded 275 172 204 258 212 199 141 108 83 48 44 8 1752

%Accelerated

5

3

4

4

6 11

4

5

5 12 6 11

5

%Normal

60

52

43

34

34

33

35

35

41

42 47 47

44

%Retarded

35 45 53 62 60 56 60 61 54 46 47 42

51

Median Age

7.4 8.7 9.1 11.6 12.5 13.3 14.5 15 5 16.2 16 9 17.9 18.6

Med. Retardation

0.4 0.7 0.1 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.5 1 5 1.2 0. 9 0.9 0.6

HI

HHB

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

11

RECORD OF HABERSHAM COUNTY. BY
I. S. Smith.

SCHOOL
a

eg fgtofl
>

3

IS m

3

du

a

O

to go

<

H

Clarkes ville *Cornelia Baldwin

8 ~__ 9

tPiedmont Dem. High".... 9

Demorest

9

Alto

"

Q

Habersham Mill Hollywood Mt. Airy

'...V. 8 6 g

Mud Creek
College Park Lena

_'_ Q
"__" 6 g

Turnerville Center

~~~ 6

_\

6

Gailey Hazel

...... 6 6

Hill's Switch New Liberty Providence Return
Stonepile View

""_."" 6 6
"__" 6 "6
""" 6 ~~ 6

Welcome Home Amy's Creek
Camp Creek Chopped Oak Fairfield,

.

"" 6

"

6

6

6

6

Hurricane Grove

Macedonia.

Mount Kelly

Nacoochee

Riverside.

_

Tallulah

Union Grove.. .

+9th Dist. A&M

6 6 6
6 6 ~6
6 9

Arts and Crafts

9

6+

$ 3,440 5 10 5 5

7,920 12 11 11 10

9,425 10 11 9 8

8,175 7 9-12 10 9

3,700 8 8 6 6

1,980 5 10

5

1,220 4 7

4

1,980 4 9

4

2,520 3

4

1,650 4

2

1,260 3

3

1,170 3

2

1,170 3

2

840 2

1

660 2

1

840 3

2

840 3

2

840 2

2

1050 3

2

840 2

2

840

2

750

1

570

420

1

330

1

420

1

420

1

420

1

330

7

420

7

240

5

420

7

1 ..

420 2 6

1 _.

420 1 7

1 _-_

9,200 7 8-11 7 6 1

4 9 5 5 ..

$67,140 118

114 99 15

5 11 8 9 5 4
4 4 4 2 3
O
2 3 1 2 2 1 2 2
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
"I
1 1 5 5 99 15

4 3 3 2 o 5 2 1 3 3 *2 2 2 2 2 2 1
60 39

224 427 272 1 106 18 273 212 146
70
128 133 78 108 94
.. -.53 55 77 77 38 64 57 35 56 59 41 21 41 40
38 19 36 15 21 37 34 146
115 25 3,446

CC BC
E D CB E BE E E E E E E D E E E C E E E E E E D E E E C E
if
E D E E
E+

CC BB BB BA BA CD AD CB BD CE CD DE CE DE ED DE DD CD CD DD CE DE DE EE DE EE DD DE EE DE DE EC DD EE AA AA D+ D

REPORT ON HABERSHAM COUNTY SURVEY. BY
I. S. Smith.

In Habersham County I have found a number of new school buildings, most of which were built after plans furnished by Mr. Hill for the constructions of Rosenwald buildings. They are a great improvment over the old buildings, most of them having unilateral lighting.but not the best type of ventilation.
In some instances, I fear these new houses are being built too close together, as the report on each school will indicate.
I would recommend that in the future the Board investigate a little more closely the possibility for consolidation before a new building is constructed at public expense. I found some very good consolidations in the county.

12

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

COBB COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years School

Years

1920

23,791

6,645

30,436

9,120

6,922

2,132

138

9.4

1910

20,977

7,418

28,395

8,129

5,481

2,593

245

12.4

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
6,623 7,321

Colored

Total

White

2,265 2,088

71

9,409

23

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
90 36

Total
161 59

Personal $2,687,155

Land $7,314,720

Corporation $1,413,693

Polls $4,060

Age-Grade Retardation.

Grade

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

Total Number Accelerated.. Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med Retardation

1,211 688 837 766 662 579 478 298 214 193 119

25 23 22 38 27 13 10 16 15

8

9

840 387 424 373 326 308 239 124 92 81 58

346 278 391 355 309 258 229 158 107 104 52

23254226747

69 57 51 49 49 53 50 41 43 42 49

29 40 47 46 47 45 48 53 50 54 44

7.2 8.6 9.8 10.8 11.8 12.7 13.8 15.1 16.0 17.1 17.7

0.2 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.7

6,045 206
3,252 2,587
3 54 43

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

13

RECORD OF COBB COUNTY

BY

J- O. Martin, Supervisor.

SCHOOL

g

w

TM A2

+

01

CM

<a

<B W)

[* w fi.2

CO

o

3 dO
55 55

a a
CO
aa 3a
W

I

*Marietta-Haynes St

9 $16,200 12

*Marietta-Waterman St.

" 9 11,160 12

f7th Dist. A & M

9

7

Acwortb

9 ""5"865 8

*Roswell__

"" * 9

6,990 8

Smyrna

I'lII 9

5,020 8

Locust Grove

9

4,050 6

Austell

'.""11". 9

3,330 5

Powder Springs

"__"~~ 9

4,735 6

Elizabeth

/...''_ 9

2,430 4

Kennesaw

~~~ 9

2,700 4

Olive Springs

QX 1,983 4

Mableton

"

gi 1,430 4

SandyPIains

~

QX 1,390 3

Allatoona..

".

QX

845 1

Awtrey

""

QX

682 2

Camp Ground Corner

QX
"*"" 61

715 2 748 2

Cross Roads

".".".'."."

6^

730 1

Davis

QI

630 1

Due West Kirk's.

J "

ef 61

682 1 750 2

Mars Hill..

' QX

780 1

Millford....
Mt. Bethel
Mt. Zion

el
II ' el
"" ' 61

880 2 750 2 750 1

New Hope

'.'.".'.'."" 6J

750 2

New Salem

'.'.'.'.'..1'.' 6J

680 2

Osborn

"~~~

6i

750 2

Rehoboth

J

QX

740 2

Rocky Mt

"

QX

685 2

Trinty

" """ 6*

720 1

AcworthMill

" QX

240 1

Attaway.

_"

' QX

422 1

Benson

QX

422 1

Bethel

""" QX

430 1

Bold Springs

I"

6J

358 1

Center

" ' QX

360 1

Chalker

~~~"

6|

422 1

Cooper

'."".'."" 6h

422 1

Cowans

"'."".

6J

430 1

Daniell's

QX

422 1

Dixon

""

6|

350 1

Five Points. .

QX

422 1

Flint Hill

6|

430 1

Floyd

" " QX

422 2

Forrest Hill

QX

430 1

Harmony

QX

360 1

Lost Mt

6J

430 1

McAfee

"1111111 67

422 1

McLand

"""

QX

422 2

Midway

""."'."'. 6|

422 1

Noonday

I QX

360 1

Oakland

6+

360 1

Orange Hill

...""." 6J

488 1

Piedmont

~ QX

430 2

Pleasant Hill"

~~

QX

430 1

Polk's

".""". 6J

460 1

Riverside.

_

QX

425 1

Sardis
Tany

_ _".

6*

::::.:::: el

425 2 425 1

Union

QX

425 2

Vinings

QX

040 1

Wesley Chapel...

6*

430 1

61, $93,881 157

11 18 18

7 14 14

3-11 11 11

11

9

11

9

99

66

10 5 5

10 5 5

844

10 4 4

44

44

33

822

721

72

82I

72 1

72 1

821

822

7o2

722

722 21

21

21 2o

21

21

21

1.

1.

1.

1.

1 1 1 1
"I
1 1 1

1 _. 1 ..
1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .-.
... 1
1 .. 1 .. 173 152 21

16 2 6 .. 34 666 B O C A

12 2 5 .. .. 571 B B O A

11 -- 1 .. .. 256 D B

9..153 192 E D B

8 13 14 311 E C B B

6 3 6 15 1 389

B AA

6 .. 3 11 9 284

D AC

2 3 2 2 2 191

B OC

4 15 2.. 206

D AO

4 -- 3 .. .. 177 E D E

2 2 4 .. .. 148 D E D

4.-362 185 D C D C

3 12 6.. 132

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3 .- 3 .. ..

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2 .. 1 2 1

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75

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112 4 2

51

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18

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36

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31

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39

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1 .. .. .. ..

39

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1 -- 1 .. ..

47

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45

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41

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1 .. .. 16 .. 54 E E E

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41

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136 37 96 91 63 6,041

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14

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON COBB COUNTY SURVEY.
BY
J. O. Martin
There are 62 white schools in Cobb County. There is one school to every five and one-half square miles. All of these could easily be consolidated into twenty. Marietta is in the center of the county and should be the county Senior High School. A commodious up-to-date building is under construction there. Acworth, Roswell (an independent system) and the Seventh District A. and M. School also do eleventh grade work; Kennesaw, Powder Springs, and Austell do tenth grade work; twenty-two other schools are attempting High School work; one is a nine-teacher school, one a six-teacher, two have four teachers, one has three teachers, seven are two-teacher, and there are nine one-teacher schools.
The records show that there are 50 daily recitations in even some of the one-teacher schools where high school work is attempted, and that the qualifications of the teachers range from the eighth to the eleventh grade. The accredited High Schools have as their standard four daily recitations, thirty-five pupils for each teacher, who must have either normal diploma or college degree.
The qualifications of all the teachers, including Marietta and Rowsell teachers, are as follows: 6 with seventh grade scholarship. 16 with eighth grade scholarship. 7 with ninth grade scholarship. 16 with tenth grade scholarship. 43 with eleventh grade scholarship. 28 are normal school graduates. 9 attended normal school one year. 30 are college degree graduates.
7 are Junior College graduates. 8 are under graduates. 52 are teaching their first year in the county. 90 are teaching in this position the first year. It is difficult for teachers and the County School Superintendent, however, earnest they may be, to make much progress where there is such a multiplicity of schools. The County School Superintendent has made a personal effort to have the school rooms put in a sanitary condition and has striven to improve them in other ways. A county-wide system of consolidation would, at least, bring about the following: More training for poorly trained teachers. Longer period of service on the part of the teacher at the same school. Longer recitation periods. Larger enrollment of pupils. Larger attendance in the Junior and Senior High Schools. Larger attendance from the county to the colleges. Improved buildings and equipment.

CATOOSA COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending School

Over 10 Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

6,336

341

6,677

2,073

1,654

288

14

6.0

1910

6,708

476

7,184

1,761

1,176

411

44

7.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

1,827

148

1,975

19

21

1923

2,239

126

2,365

22

22

Personal $504,069

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

CATOOSA COUNTY.

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $1,511,617

Corporation $61,501

RECORD OF CATOOSA COUNTY
BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor, March, 1923.

15
Polls $1,283

Satis. License
Unsatis. 2+
Experience
2--

SCHOOL

Rlnggold

Lakeview

Wood Station

BurningBush

Grayville-

Mt. Pisgah

.

Pleasant Valley

Salem

UnionAcademy

Catoosa

East Boynton

Dickson

Evans

Henderson

Hickory Grove

Liberty

Pleasant Groove

Ridge Grove....

SmithChaneL..

Union Grove

Union Hill .

WestBoynton

Westside

... ..
..'

K

a

n
<D
a

Cfl

a

oo


m
<D

<s
Ao a)
<D
H

H
CD
H

d
S3

o

0

9 $4,950 7 11 7

8 2,520 4 7 5

8 1,560 3 8 3

6

720 2 7 2

6

990 2 7 2

6

780 2 7 2

6

720 2 7 2

6

600 2 7 2

6

720 2 7 2

6

300 1 7 1

6

300 1 6 1

6

360 1 7 1

6

300 1 6 1

6

360 17 1

-__ 6

240 1 4 1

6

300 1 6 1

6

300 17 1

6

300 1 7 1

6

240 1 7 1

6

240 1 7 1

... 6

390 1 7 1

6

360 1 7 1

6

300 1 6 1

6+$17.850 40

41 19 22 33

Age-Grade Retardation

a <D >,
d

d
(D
a d) 60

CD
o


<D d si

puX)

U >>

*o

M 6W oO

S3 CO
.-1

o
a

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a
GO

O
CD
<60

go
pq

a
p. 3c

10 4 6 1
2 2 3 1 17 37

354 B D

2 286 C

87 E

2 80 D E

61

D

59 E

71

E

75

E

86 E

35 E

42 C E

42 E

19 E

1 45

C

11

E

27 E

48 E

37 E

30 E

18 D

38 E

59 B E

21 E

5 1,631

E+

AB CE CD DD AD AD DD DD CD DE DD
DD EE
DD EE EE ED DE DD DD CD DD DD
D+ D-

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number *tNormal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med Retardation

I

II

III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

433 225 244 236 163 * 140 115 25 22 11 2

... 289

6 88

10 74

14 77

1 49

8 33

T 2

38

5

144 131 160 145 113 99 75 21 17 6 2

3

4

6

2

67

39

30

33

30

23

33 16 23 45"

-_. 33

58

66

61

69

71

65 84 77 55

100

... 7.5 9.3 10.7 11.8 13.0 14.1 14.5 15.9 16.6 17.2 19.0

0.5 1.3 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 1.5 l.S 1.6 1.2 2.0

1,616 41 662 913
41 56

REPORT ON CATOOSA COUNTY SURVEY. BY
E. A. Pound

Catoosa County has made remarkable strides educationally, within the past two years. In 1920 there was not a four-year High School in the county. At that time those who desired a secondary education had to go away to high school, and many of them went to a city in another state, Chattanooga; that being the most convenient place. Within the past two years the educational consciousness of the people

16

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT OK CATOOSA COUNTY SURVEY

has been awakned and as a result of this awakening and the desire to secure the Barrett-Rogers fund an up-to-date high school building has been erected and more than fifty of them are in high school. Through this county run several bus lines between Dalton and Chattanooga and their schedules being convenient scores of rural children use them to and from school. If the school at Ringgold continues to grow as it has, within the next year or two another building may be needed to accomodate the crowd that will attend.
So much pleased are the school authorities with the building they have erected that it will become the model by which the school buildings of the future wil be constructed, in this county. The County Superintendent and Board of Education, have developed a five-year building program, the plan being to erect at least one modern school building each year. When the five-year program is completed many of the one-room, one-teacher school buildings will be eliminated and better educational conditions will naturally result.
The county has at the present time the following number of schools: 23 white schools divide as follows: 14 one-teacher schools, 6 two-teacher schools, 1 three-teacher school, one four-teacher school, 1 seven-teacher school. There are three colored schools, all one-teacher schools.
The total amount received from all sources is $24,105.52. The schools are manned by forty-one white teachers and three colored teachers.
The length of term in the average school is six months. However, at Ringgold and GraysvUle the term is nine months. Wood Station and Lake View have an eight months term, Burning Bush and Union Hill have a seven months term.
The school at Ringgold receives the Barrett-Rogers fund of $1,000 which enables the county to offer practically free tuition to all thehigh school pupils of the county. This is the only high school in the county and is in comparatively easy access to all the pupils of the county. The growth of the school has been most gratifying.
Many of the buildings of the county are unfitted for school puposes, but the development of the forward looking program will eventually ehminate many of these.
The following recommendations are made: An increase in the length of term as soon as conditions justify in order that an equality of educational opportunity may be developed for all of the children of the county. The pushing forward of the building program in accordance with the plan of the school authorities. The erection of one Rosenwald building as the negro schools are now taught in churches or dwellings The attendance of all teachers not fully prepared upon summer and normal schools. The eventual elimination of all one and two-teacher schools. A concentration of the pupils of the county in central schools and all of the schools coordinated with the senior high school of the county. Authority of the school authorities to select and condem, if necessary, school sites. With the acceptance and consumation of the above recommendations Catoosa County will eventually offer to its children not only an equality of oportunity but will rank well amongst the best counties of the state from an educational standpoint. The continuance of the plan of the superintendent of meeting his teachers at least once a month.

BALDWIN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

. 6-18 Years

Attending | Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

8,771

11,019

19,790

4,816

3,725

3,018

299

19.0

1910

7,348

11,005

18,353

4,584

2,701

3,955

306

27.8

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

17

BALDWIN COUNTY. STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
1,542 1,732

Colored

Total

White

3,099

4,641

7

3,264

4,996

4

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
145 101

Total
152 105

Personal $1,028,745

Land $2,839,774

Corporation $684,782

Polls $1,201

Grade
Total Number A ccelerated Number ]S ormal Number B etarded %Accelen ited %Normal %Retarde d. Median A;?e.... Med Reta:dation

Age-Grade Retardation

I

II III IV V

VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

166 125 158 153 164 147 106 112 88 88 71

22 10 19 13 1 9

9

2

5914

116 82 98 86 6 1 80 53 65 43 54 42

28

33

41

54

84

58

51

42 36 33 25

_ 14

9 12

8 11

6

2

4 10 1 5

70

65

62

57

37

54

50

58 50 61 60

16

26

26

35

52

40

48

38 40 as 9K

6.7 8.2 9.3 10.4 1 2.0 12.5 13.9 14.6 15.7 16. 1 17.4

0.2 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.7 0. 1 0.4

1,378 113 780
485 8
56
36

RECORD OP BALDWIN COUNTY. BY
Mrs. Allie M. Bowden, Supervisor

SCHOOL

nftfal

3
S3

8

03

fl en

<3

1=3

go m

a1

Ga. Military College 'Training School G.S.C.W... Midway
Cooperville Union Point Meriweather.. Salem
Scottsboro Baldwin Primary
Black Springs Camp Creek Hopewell.
Mt. Pleasant Pine Grove Union Hill.
Total

18
... 3,645 3 060 3,060
2,205 1,395 1,350
630
675 630
675 630
675 675 $19,305 45

Special system under county jurisdiction.

12 18 18

11 13 ..

10

10

10

10

7

9

4

5

7

7

7

5

1 ...

6

58 41

16 2 7 .. ._
.. .- .. .. .. 3 2 3 .. .. 4 .. 1 .. ..
4 . 1 .. .. 3 .. 2 .. .. 2 .. 1 .. ..
2 ._ 1 .. .. ..11.... 1 .. .. .. .. 1
1 .. 1 .. .. .. 1 .. .. ..
1 .. 1 .. .. 1 .. 1 .. .. 39 6 20 .. ,.

532 C C A-- A
282 ... A A A+ 135 C C B+ B+ 91 D C B-- C
105 D D B+ B+ 65 C D B-- B 30 E C B-f B--
45 E E 0+ B-- 30 B B B+ B+ 21 E C C-- C 21 E C C-- C
22 E D B-- C 33 E E O C 19 E D D E 22 E D A-- B 1.453D-- C--B-- B--

18

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON BALDWIN COUNTY SURVEY. BY
Mrs. Allie M. Bowden.
The survey of Baldwin County reveals the following facts: 1. There are 13 white schools, and of this number 7 have 1 teacher, 2 have 2 teachers, 1 has 3 teach-
ers, 2 have 4 teachers, and 1 has 2 teachers. 2. Of the 27 teachers in these schools, 50% have had College or Normal training; 23 of the 27 have
had more than 3 years of teaching experience. The fact that the salaries paid by the county are above the average probably is responsible for there being in the system so many trained and experienced teachers. 3. All schools run for a continuous term of 9 months. 4. Many of the buildings are just average rural school buildings, but the new ones are being constructed according to approved plans, and, in one instance, the old building has been remodeled to allow for proper and sufficient lighting. 5. The equipment in the schools is above the average. Practically every school has sufficient blackboard space. In the smaller schools library facilities are inadequate. With reference to the County's educational future the following recommendations are made: 1. The benefits of consolidated schools are fast being recognized in progressive communities. Baldwin County has made some effective consolidations, and the present program provides for additional work along this line. Within a 4 mile radius of Cooperville there are three one teacher schools; Camp Creek, Mt. Pleasant, and Union Hill. The grammar and high school pupils from smaller schools will be brought to Cooperville and the primary pupils sent to Union Hill. 2. At the time of the survey, much improvement of sanitary conditions was needed. The County Health Officer's place was vacant then, but as this vacancy has since been filled, these conditions have very probably been improved. 3. In many schools there is sufficient acreage in the grounds, but because of obstructions, the playgrounds space is very limited. These conditions should be remedied, and additional playground equipmen furnished. The Milledgeville children are enrolled in the Georgia Military College, and in the Training School of the Georgia State College for Women.

Population

MURRAY COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School Years

16-20 Per Cent Years

1920

9,058

432

9,490

3,066

2,574

621

62

9.2

1910

9,361

402

9,763

2,891

1,899

,031

121

15.4

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 5-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

2,925

1923

2,802

Personal $591,699

Colored

Total

146

3,071

136

2,938

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

White
82 36

Land $1,629,594

Corporation $819,546

Colored 15 2

Total 97 38

Polls $1,619

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

19

RECORD OF MURRAY COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor.

a

SCHOOL

a "3
CO

w
P ea

co a! &o fe.2
03 o oH dD 55 55

#

g

tea A3

aa

go

cr w

)

Chatsworth Lucy Hill Consolidated Eton High Casey Springs.. Colvard High Crandall Sumach
Cisco
Cool Springs Fashion Free Hope Fullers Hookers Oak Grove Oakland
Rainhurst Jr. High Tenga
Union Grove Carters Center Hill East Point Fort Mountain _ Hall's Chapel Lower Oak Grove Mt. Carmel Nailors Rock Creek Sugar Creek Talking Rock Union Springs

'___
_._ ._ .

9 $ 4 ,130

9 6 ,210

8 3.,560

G 1 ,6UU

7 1 ,505

5

575

5

850

5

62b

5

525

5

400

5

400

5

400

5

425

5

400

5

425

7 1 ,330

5

425

5

425

5

250

5

250

5

200

5

300

5

300

5

250

5

200

5

300

5

300

5

300

5

300

5 ' 250

7 10 7 11 6 11 46 4 10 28 38 28 27 17 26 27 26 28 15 2p 27 2V
3 6 5 7
17
6 5 5 7 5 8

633

77

6b1

I 3 3
32

310

321

22
21i

2

2

211

2

2

2

2

2

2

211

211

2

2

2 _. 2

1

1

1

1

1 __

__ 1

1

1

1 ._

1

1

1

4 7 6 3 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 1
O
1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

2
2 1 1
1 1 2 1 1

5 3 2 3 3
2 1 1 2
2
2 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1
1
I

1 1 1
9
5 2 3 1 3 3
a
1 2
1 2
1

2 2 7 1
1
1

243 E E

239 D E
188 E r>

95

E

129

D

78

E

89

E

96

E

41

E

b8

E

86

D

73

E

93

E

49

F,

49

F,

77

F,

64

E

70

F,

26

E

41

F,

39

E

46

E

45

F,

29

E

70

F,

17 n

20

E

38

F,

32

E

34

E

A D O
B C,
n c
D T> E "D
n
T> T) F,
c
T) E F, D D E E E T) E E F, F,
r>

c c
A D D D L> X) E E E F, E E E E E E E E E D E E E E E E E E

5+$<i7 .310 6b -- 65 3b 30 b3 12 39 37 14 2,264

E D D+

)

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated_ %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med Retardation

I

II III IV \ VI VII VIII IX

6bl 321 250 253 214 141 U2 56~ 31

34 23

b

8

3

3

411

329 89 66 57 33 29 32 16 13

288 209 179 188 178 109 76 39 17

57231232 3

51 28 26 23 16 21 29 28 42

44 65 72 74 83 77 68 70 b5

7.7 9.8 10.S 12.1 13.0 14.1 15.1 16.0 16.

0.7 1.8 1.8 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.1 2 0 1.

XI Total

23 29 2,081

1

83

7

678

16 21 1,320

4

4

30~~ 24

32

70 72

64

17.6 18.6

1.6 1.6

REPORT ON MURRAY COUNTY SURVEY. BY
E. A. Pound.

Murray County has developed wonderfully in an educational way during the past few years. Responding to the inspiration of the Barrett-Rogers Act, the county developed a high school at Springplace and Eton, and later erected a first-class building costing $30,000 at Chatsworth. From a county at one time affording no high school advantages, it has three high schools with a total enrollment of one hundred and eighty and the number is rapidly increasing.
Chatsworth has now a ten grade school, but during the coming year it will become a four-year school. All of these high schools are applying for the accredited list.
The only criticism in reference to the distribution of high schools in this county is in the fact that

20

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON MURRAY COUNTY SURVEY
they are too near each other. However, as the plants of all the schools are too small to accommodate the entire enrollment of high school pupils, it is the only satisfactory arrangement that can be made at the present time. The term in the high schools is nine months at Chatsworth, Springplace, and Eton, at Ramhurst eight, at Colvard seven months. In the other schools the term is only five months.
In the county there are 33 white schools and 3 colored. Eighteen of the white schools are one-teacher schools, nine are two-teacher schools, and five are larger schools.
The following recommendations are made : 1. Increase, as soon as possible, in length of term of the rural schools. 2. Further consolidation. With the improvement in the countyroads more consolidations should
be made. The sentiment in the county is apparently ripe for this. Some of the smaller schools could be consolidated at Chatsworth, Springplace, Eton and one or two other centrally located places. In order to do this it would be necessary to enlarge some of the plants. Cisco and Colvard are well located to become the site for good consolidated schools. 3. Improvement of the teachers already in service by paying better salaries and encouraging them to attend normal and summer schools. 4. Provision for additional room at Springplace. The trustees are now considering plans for this development. 6. The elimination of some of the buildings that are now used as school buildings and the provision of better ones through consolidation.

QUITMAN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20

Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920 1910

987 994

2,430

3,417

1,160

762

642

66

26.0

3,588

4,582

1,408

835

1,130

126

35.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

281

1923

290

Colored

Total

White

1,020 968

1,301 1,258

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored 48 21

Total 48 21

Personal $186,177
Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med Retardation

Land $440,881

Corporation $342,756

Polls $574

Age-Grade Retardation

I II HI IV V VI VII Vffl IX

40 23 26 3(5 16 18 18 12 12

3

16

29 14~~ 14

10 9 6

2

23

73 61 54

25 39 23

6.8 8.7 9.3

0.7 0.3

1 18 17 3 50 47 10.9 0.9

"jj" 8
50 50 12.0 1.0

16" 8
56 44 12.7 0.7

2 12 4 11 67 22
13.3 03

T" 5
58~~ 42 14 8 08

1 9
2 8 75 17 15.2 0.2

3
100 17.7 1.7

Total
204 11 121 72 6 59 35

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

21

RECORD OP QUITMAN COUNTY BY
Walter McMichael, Supt.

SCHOOL
Georgetown Morris Station Monticello OakGrove RockyMt Sandtown

a
CD

as

W

V

to

8 $2,600 5 10 4

8 1,160 2 9 2

8

680 1 8 1

8

450 1 7 1

8

680 2 5 1

8

600 1 7 1

8 $6,170 12

10

q a
a >> <o <D
03 M
03 n o
do 0 55 fc

a

3 o soa>,

10

3 C

cq

88 E E B B

40

E

DE

21 E C D E

18

E CE

27

DDE

10

CDE

16

204

D-- D+ D--

REPORT ON QUITMAN COUNTY SURVEY. BY
Supt. Walter McMichael.

Quitman County has made considerable progress in the way of consolidation. They now have one four-teacher school at Georgetown of ten grades. This is a consolidated school, having absorbed about three other schools.
If the Oak Grove and Sandtown schools could be consolidated with County Line School in Stewart County, and Monticello and Rocky Mount schools with Georgetown, and Morris Station with Springvale School in Randolph County the children would be much better served.
A number of the High School grades attend the High School in Eufaula, Ala., which is just across the Chattahoochee river from Georgetown.

Population

DAWSON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

4,204

4,204

1,231

765

1910

4,534

152

4,686

1,386

938

375

32

12.3

486

42

14.5

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
1,308 1,300

Personal $149,211

Colored

Total

White

1,308

20

1,300

23

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $496,706

Corporation $1,050

Colored

Total
20 23

Polls $566

21

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF DAWSON' COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor.

SCHOOL

Dawsonville High.

Bolton...

Emma

Lumpkin

New Hope

Amicalola

~__

Beacks

Chestatee

_

Chumbley

Cross Roads

Etowah

Harmony

Landrum

Libert y

Oak Grove

Pleasant Grove...

Mt. Pleasant

Salem

...

Savannah

Sweetwater

a

K03

w


03 60
a> 03

^ .

5? 3a

9s 22 30

g, '3

125

pq

9 $3,735 5 11

5

435 4 7

5

450 2 7

5

425 2 8

5

375 2 7

5

150 1 7

5

200 1 6

6

240 1 7

5

150 1 6

5

250 1 7

5

250 1 7

5

250 1 6

5

175 1 6

5

250 1 7

5

250 1 7

5

16

6 ~"l80 1 6 1

5

200 1 7 1

5

225 1 7 1

5

150 1 6 1

5 + $8,440 30

27 13 14 22

1 .. 1 ..
15 1 5 18 15

1 1

145 C E C

54

EC

46 E E D

45 E E D

54 E E E

27

ED

41

ED

26

ED

39

EE

34

ED

43

EE

36

EE

32 E E E

44 C E D

42

ED

12

DE

20

DE

25

ED

28

ED

28 E E D

721

E D-

E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded ',Accelerated 'VNormal
',-Retarded Median Age Med .Retardation

._ _. _"""

I
218 12
126 80 5 53
37 7.4 0.4

II III iv

1C8 5
41

110 3
36

128 4
33

62

71

91

5 f8

3 33

3 26

57

64.

71

9.7 10.7 12.

1.7 1.7 2.

VI VII VIH

81 ~72 62 16

3

1

1

3

16 5 6 3

62 66 55 10

41

1 19

20 7 10 19

76 92 89 62

13.7 15.0 15.9 16. 6

2.7 3.0 2.9 2. 6

IX
8
._
4 4
50 50 17.0
2.0

3
1 2
33 67 17.5
1.5

XI Total

3 ~809

32

2 273

1 504

4

67

34

33 62

17.7

0.7

REPORT ON DAWSON COUNTY SURVEY BY
I. S. Smith.

Dawson County is badly in need of consolidation. At Dawsonville there is a very good consolidated
ddrrenrtto;assttaannddgtth0beP ESdPuecaf tionat l tesTts ?give^ n and t"hieSlianctkeroefsatbinil^ittyoinnottheethoeth<eTM r sc^hooofltshe Dawsonville ch 1-

the

nJnnlCn0fU!y

Supe rintendent +

has

sPlendW

plans

for

making

the

needed

consolidations

and

the

sooner

the people of the county co-operate with them, the better it will be for the children, and future citizen-

ship. It would be wise for the Board of Education to be more liberal in furnishing transportation to high

school pupils going to the County high school at Dawsonville.

sponaiion to mgn

Population

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
MILTON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

23
Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920 1910

6,408

477

6,885

2,162

1,368

577

6,521

718

7,239

2,219

1,428

673

45 62

11.5 13.3

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yis.

White

1918

2,027

1923

1,948

Personal $312,500

Colored

Total

White

200

2,227

25

187

2,135

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $1,052,775

Corporation $7,192

Colored 32

Total
57 14

Polls $1,023

RECORD OF MILTON COUNTY. BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor.

SCHOOL

+a

CO

GO
a
oo d

W)
3
03
CO
0aa)
it

0n0
CD
So i
CD 0)
H
d

aCO
CD
O
3

fc O fc

*

CD a a CD >>

a CD
CD

-q 03

a 03 M O

Hft 03

o 03^

<D

+
CM

1
N

dW do
m fc a

a
H

3 00

CD o

4->
a

03 M

a

0 3g go
<J n

P.
Bwc

Satis Unsatls

D

MlltonCo.High Big Creek Birmingham

9 $5,190

11 7

6

6 1,140

93

3

6 1,185

93

3

275 D E A A 100 E E D E 117 E E D D

Crabapple

6

780

72

2

95 E D D E

EbenezerNo. I

6

690

72

1

63 E D E

Fairview

6

750

82

2

78 E D E

Hard Scrabble

6

750

72

1

107

EEE

Midway

6

780

72

2

79 E E D E

Summit

6

780

72

2

88

EDD

Warsaw.. ... . .

6

760

7 2

2

71

EDD

West View

6

660

72

2

69

EDD

Bethany

.

6

330

6

31

E DE

Chestnut Ridge

6

420

6

"l

43

E DD

Ebenezer No. II. _

... 6

390

7

1

39

EEE

Glendah

6

420

7

1

45 E D E

Hickory Level

6

360

7

1

38 E E E

Pearson.

6

420

6

1

42 E D E

Pine Grove

6

360

7

1

32

E DE

Riverside

6

420

7

1

35 E D E

Seven Branches.

6

360

7

1

27 E D E

Sheltonville

6

420

1

45 E D D

Teddymore

7

490

1

35 E D E

6+ $17,855 43

40 31

36 4 23 21

1,554

E D EH

24

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

MILTON COUNTY.

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

Total

Number Acelerated".".""""

Number Normal

Number Retarded _.

%Accelerated .

%Normal

_

%Retarded

Median Age

J^"""

Med Retardation.""""""""

I
371 8
243 120
2
66
32 73 (h3

II
206 2 80
124 1
39 60 9.5 1.5

III
226 7 79
140 3 35
62 10.4 1.4

IV
238 11 77 150 5 32 63 12.2 2.2

202 5 53
144 3 26 71
12.8 1.8

VI
126 3 19
104 2 15 83 14.9 2.9

VII VIII IX

115 43 31

5

1

1

25 12 8

85 30 22

423

22 28 26

74 70 71

15.5 16.5 16.7

2.5 2.5 1.7

XI Total

10 1 5 4 10 50 40 16.7 0.7

5 2 2 1 40 40 20 16.2

1,573 46
603 924
3 38 59

REPORT ON MILTON COUNTY SURVEY. BY
J. O. Martin.
eerrssccnhoooTl, aannd7aaSrpr erioS d of their term was taught during the summer EmvoenntAhsl.phSarinectteathhaadt otinmlyettwhoe-vtehaacvhehga"ssdaaeiiadddeecdd mm ZucT uhoIm nhqtu^nicT k^etno tin' T g e^ 7du*caa6n+tdnioroT nUalmrtahetnottnulgsgshUutnptdhperolorttuhegd6hb*oyuTM tthteh*eefncBtoiorugenetcryo..uAncTtty,h.^ e cToS huenstypL ihriatsottfht.ehiS usnsicthS soyos-l

ttoo aannyJccooeuu?nttvynttotny^ haUvePetrthlnistesnadif d olfdietVsSteuSpeMrSin6tenntidreen*ti.m) e t0 the dutles of hls office- CIt is a compliment

The county needs to consolidate a number of its schools, and to construct modern buildings It also

needs to remodel most all of the present buildings which will not be consolidated

bmmngS-

&lS

More equipment is needed for all schools

ssnhouoicut DleSliSmifteJdftnoTfo0u1r8, fiveU, lsdi^ x, oPrlasC ev6ednl.nreahf aUthecTMdren:andthegradesin thelowerschools

Population

TURNER COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
7,542 6,054

Colored
4,924 4,018

Total
12,466 10,072

6-18 Years
3,974 2,996

Attending School
2,992 1,660

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

Over 10 Years
1,497 1,550

16-20 Years
140 198

Per Cent
17.1 22.4

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

2,641

1923

2,688

Personal $669,987

Colored

Total

White

1,496

4,137

34

1,403

4,091

8

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $2,350,829

Corporation $435,958

Colored
174 78

Total 208

Polls $1,504

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

25

RECORD OP TURNER COUNTY.
BY Geo. G. Godard and M. L. Duggan, Supervisors.

SCHOOL

#AshburnHigh

Sycamore

. .. _.

Rebecca

._

Bethel

Amboy

B. & B

Bozeman

Davisville

Deep Creek

...

Friendship

.

Hopewell

..

Little River

Live Oak

OakHill

..

Pleasant Hill....

Prosperity

Coverdale

Dakota

__ .. ..

Davis

Henderson

HighHill

Hobby...

Inaha..:..

Liberty

...

Luke.__ _. ..

Newton

._ ..

Oak Grove

..

Worth

..

en

CD

R

03

s>

H

CO

q $10,590

q
n-

3,870 1,997

6 1,350

6

780

6

900

6 1,350

7

910

6

690

6

750

6

690

6

840

6

810

6

750

6

870

6

540

6

450

6

450

6

450

6

510

6

390

6

450

7

560

6

300

6

450

6

775

6

480

7

700

G+ $33,652

a03
oo
d 'A

+3
A
M
P
S3
EH
CO
a
su3 O

CO

o

U
CD

aCO

o

CD O

3 S3

.53 A

CD

CD

a

H

aCD

>>
S3

>>CD S3 M

t-C

W t* CD

S3

S3 o

d

+ 1 +3

6O

'A w

ss CM

A CM i-H 'A

a
aCD
oH a N

4J CD

aCD
S3
O CD
4a
< CO

a
43
el
aCD
p.
30 mw

CO

1? 11 15 15

14 1 2 1 10 454 TS

8 10 6 5 16

4 5 192 o

B 0

A B

6 10 4 4.. 3 1 13 1 144 D B O

3 7 3 3 .. 2 1 19..

85 D D D

2 7 2 1111 12..

44 D D D

2 7 2 1111 1 4 .

89 E D D

2 8 2 2.. 1 1 1 .. ..

60 D D D

2 7 2 112..

42 E C D

2 7 2 ._ 2 1 1

50 T> D C

2 7 2 1111 1

53 E D E

1 7 2 112.. 2 .. ..

53 E D D

2 8 2 11..2 2 1..

75 E C D

2 6 2 2._2

47 C D E

2 8 2 1111 2 .. ..

51 C D D

2 7 2 2 .. 1 1 16-

58 E D D

1 8 2 1111 1 -- .. 100 E E D

1 6 1 1 .- 1 -- 1 6 ..

38 E D D

1 7 1 - 1 .. 1 1 .. ..

29 E D D

1 7 1 1 .. 1 ~

41 E D D

1 7 1 1 .. 1 .. .. 5 ..

36 E D C

1 8 1 1 .. 1

28 B D D

1 7 1 .. 1 .. 1 1 .. ..

33 D D D

2 7 1 -. 1 1 .. 1 .- ..

46 D D C

1 6 1 -- 1 1 .. 1 .. ..

22 E E E

1 7 1 .. 1 .. 1 1 -. .. 43 D E E

1 6 1 .. 1 1 .. 16-

20 E E D

1 6 1 1 .. 1 .. 1 1 ..

48 E E D

1 7 1 1 .- 1 -

44 D D D

64

64 47 17 48 16 26 48 16 2,025 D - D D +

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade

Total

Number Accelerated

Number Normal.

,

Number Retarded

.

%Accelerated

%Normal

.

%Retarded...

Median Age

Med Retardation. ..

I
423 22
294 107
6 68 26
7.2 0.2

II
294 15
154 125
5 53 42
8.6 0.6

III
374 3
129 142
1 47 52 10. L
1. I

IV
265 8
122 135
3 46 51 11.2
1.2

V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

215
5 95 115
2 44 54 12.1
1.1

194
3 72 119
2 37 61 13.1
1.1

147 78
16 48 36 98 36
18 32 46 67 46 14.7 14.8
1.7 0.8

53 3 34
16 6 64 30 15.4 0.4

40
1
25 14 3 62
35 16.6 0. 3

27 1 16 10 4
59 37 16.5

2,010 68
L.025 917 3 51 46

26

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON TURNER COUNTY SURVEY. BY
M. L. Duggan and Geo. D. Godard.
Turner County has twenty-eight white schools and twelve colored schools The white schools have a Senior High School at Ashburn and two Junior High Schools, Scycamore and Rebecca. These schools afford high school facilities for the high school grades of the county. Consolidations should be made as foUows in the near future: 1. Amboy, Davisville, Deep Creek, and Antioch at Amboy. 2. Rebecca, Luke and Oak Hill at Rebecca. 3. Scycamore, Pleasant Hill and Inaha at Scycamore. 4. Coverdale, Hobby and Bozeman. 5. Oak Grove, Davis and Hopewell.
The County Board of Education should levy the full limit of five mills, and then the local school districts can levy enough to supplement the county funds.
Many school houses are unsuited to the needs of the schools, however, before other houses are built, the above consolidations should be made.
Most of the colored schools are now taught in church houses, and should have school houses.

LUMPKIN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10 16-20

Per Cent

1920 1910

5,023 5.117

Years

School

Years

Years

217

5,240

573

900

593

33

320

5,444

531

840

62

15.6 21.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6 18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1.538

1923

1,560

Colored

Total

White

100

1,638

81

94

1,654

47

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored

Total 47

Personal $342,714

Land $1,032,272

Corporation $29,757

Polls $914

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med Retardation

Age-Grade Retardation

i

II

III IV

VI VII VIII IX Total

_

219-- 101

20

11

m

39

88 51

9

11

51

39

40 50

7.5 9.0

0.5 1.0

121 6
53 62
5 44 51 10.0
1.0

117 5
35 77 4 30 66 11.7
1.7

115 7
24 84
6 21 73
12.8 1.8

71 3 17 51 4 24 72 13.9 1.9

51 3 10
38 6
20 74 15.8 2.8

23 2 6 15 9
26 65 16.0 2.0

20 3 8 9 15 40
45 15.6 0.6

838 60
303 475
7 36 57

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEM8

27

RECORD OP LUMPKIN COUNTY. BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor.

SCHOOL

DahlonegaHigh

Wahoo

Ashley

Auroria

Betz

Cavendar's Creek

Center

Dewey

Etowah.....

1

Fairview

.." L.

Forest.

T

Froebel __,_;__

Garland

.V

Garnet

Glenn

Halfway.

Haygood

Hilltop

Lewis.

_

Liberty

..."

.'.

Nimberwill..

Noonday

Oak Grove....

Parrites Mines Plainview

Seven Mile

Yahoola.

fNorth Ga. Agri. Col

.

AS

t-H
T0O3

+I

9 $3,475 5 9

6 510 2 7

6 240 1 5

6

1

6 "'SQO 1 ~6

6 240 1 7

6 210 1 6

... 6 210 1 6

6 300 1 6

6 300 1 6

,. 6

1

e "' 300 1 "4

6 300 2 7

6 240 1 6

6 240 1 7 6 240 1 7

6 240 1 7

6 240 1 6

6 6

210 300

1/ 5 15

6 210 1 7

6 210 1 7

6 300 1 6

6 210 2 7

6 210 1 7

6 240 1 6

6 300 1 7

...9 ...

6

6 ..

2

2 ..

1

1 ..

1

11

L1

1 -. 1

1 .. 1 L _

1 -. 1 . 1

1 1 -- L

1 1

1--

L ..

11

1 --

1 --

__

1--

__

1 --

1 ..

L

1 _.

_-

1 __

__

11

] ..

1 ..

__

1

1

1

11

1 -- 1 _. 1

1 --

__

1--

11

] __

1
1 1 1
- --
13 1
1 ._
__ 1
1 1 1 1 1
15 1 __
1 __

6+ $9,775 3~4

33 11 20 28 3 17 10

Si
do
212 58 12
16 33 19 20 24 -- 26
18 36 35 40 22 .. 28 14 27 23 24 29 17 26 26 34 16
5 1,007

a

DD EE
E
E D E E E E E D E E E D E E E E E E E C E O E

a

5 2 a

m

wa31

OB DE DE DE DE DE DE DE EE DE DE DE DE DD DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE

E~+ D E

REPORT ON LUMPKIN COUNTY SURVEY. BY
I. S. Smith.

Lumpkin, geographically, is one of the typical mountain counties of the state. The schools of the county are not keeping abreast with the times as are other civic activities.
Nowhere in Georgia have I found a county doing more for her public road system than is being done in Lumpkin County. The people of the county are thoroughly aroused as to their great need for better roads and have voted bonds, and are paying taxes freely in order that they may purchase for themselves better roads upon which to travel. These are a necessity and the people of the county should be commended for this splendid effort.
But in their zeal to build better roads the people seem to have overlooked their public schools. Their buildings, many of them, are not adequate, in poor repair, and badly in need of equipment.
Most of the teachers are young and inexperienced. They are poorly paid and are given work for a short period of the year.
In making recommendations for the future progress of their schools, I have only one suggestion-- that the citizens get as interested in the schools, which must educate their children, as they are in building better roads upon which these same children are to travel.

28

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

WHITFIELD COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10

16-20 I Per Cent

1920 1910

Years

School

Years

Years

15,552 14,214

1,345 1,719

16,897 15,933

5,093 4,659

3,749 2,877

1,214 1,445

112 182

9.8 12.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

1918

4,455

1923

5,856

550 650

5,005 6,506

76 31

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Total
84 31

Personal $3,149,202

Land $3,597,793

Corporation $742,962

Polls $3,032

Grade
Total
Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded ^Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

Age-Grade Retardation

I

n III

IV

VI VII VIII

~" ".

929
576~ 353
~6<T" 38
7.5 o.5

549
3 169 377
1 31
68 97
17

543 9
167 367
2 31 67 10.2
1.7

467 8
141 318
2 30 68 11.9 1.9

43 9
125 297
2 29 69 12.9
1.9

333 25
115 193
7 35 58 13.0
1.0

251 2
61 188
1 24 75
14.8 1.8

148 4 70 74 3
47 50 14.0

IX
83
49" 34
59 41 15.7 0.7

50
27" 23
54 46 16.9
0.9

XI Total

52 2
34 16 3 67 30 17.4 0.7

3,836 62
1,534 2,240
2 40 58

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

29

RECORD OF WHITFIELD COUNTY BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, March, 1924.

SCHOOL
DaltonHigh Fort Hill Grammar Fort Hill Primary CityPark North Dalton Cohutta Crown Point Dawnville Tilton TunnellHill Warings Broadacre CenterPoint Cove City Deep Spring Dug Gap Elk Five Spring Good Hope Gordon Springs McGaughey Mill Creek Mount Pleasant Mt. Vernon New Hope Pine Grove Pleasant Grove Rocky Face Tucker Varnells Antioch Beaver Dale Bunker Hill Cedar Valley Fairview Harmony Hopewell Houston Valley Liberty Hal] Oak Grove Redwines Salem Temperance Hill Trickum Union Point Union

a

"3
CO

_ 9 $9,045

9 7,753

9 2,799

9 2,736

9

5 2,925

9 2,385

5

705

5

600

8 1,385

7

765

5

500

5

525

5

525

5

380

5

500

5

515

9

465

5

490

5

525

5

495

5

400

5

480

5

430

5

500

5

450

5

575

5

586

5

525

7

5

250

5

260

5

250

5

225

5

240

5

262

5

265

5

240

15

275

5

250

5

162

5

275

5

262

5

275

5

250

5

263

5+ $43,969

a

a


a rl

a) S3 M

!

as ,

CO fc> 03

do

BO

m

12 8-11 8

14 7 10 10 ..

4 44

444

4 66

11 6 6

754 1

312

4

3 ... 3

3

33

3

33

2

2

1

2

2

1

3

2

1

2

2

2

3

2

1

3

2

1

4

2

2

2

2

1

2

2

1

3

2

1

2

2

2

3

211

2

2 ___ 2

2

211

2

2 ... 2

2

2 '2

2

22

2

211

3

22

1

1 ... 1

1

1 ... 1

1

1 ... 1

1

11

1

1 ... 1

1

1 ... 1

1

1

1

1

1

11

1

1 _._ 1

1

1 ___ 1

2

11

1

1 ... 1

1

11

1

1 ... 1

1

1 ... 1

127_ 109 71 38

715

912

4

1

311

6

2

333

411

213

3

21

21

11

2 ....

2

2

11

11

2

2

11

11

___ 2

11

... 2

1

1

1 ... 1 1 1 ___ 1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

__. 1 1

1

1

_.. 1 1

... 1 1

77 32 59

...256 .. D A+A

...317 _. E A A

___302 .. ..E A A

___201 _. .0 B B

...297 .. E A B

4181 __ _C 0 B

...197 .. ..E C C

... 97 .. _E C D

... 90 .. .E C D

..-107 .. .0 C 0

. 105 . E C D

1 50 _.

DD

... 47 .. _E D D

... 71 __ .E D D

... 66 .. _E O D

... 42 .. _0 B D

.__ 78 .. .E A D

... 78 ._ .E B D

... 46 .. _E 13 E

... 44 .. _E B D

... 76 __ _E B D

... 48 __ _D D D

... 60 .. _E B D

1 50 .. _E D D

... 89.. _E B D

... 63 __ ._E D D

___ 59 _. ..E D E

..- 70 .. ..D D D

-._ 51 .. ..E D D

... 92 ..E O D

... 27 __ ..E

E

... 29 .. .E

D

... 25 .. _D D E

.__ 30 __ _E D E

... 33 ._ _D D D

... 38 _. .E D D

... 35 __ _D D D

... 31 . ...E D D

... 31 _ _E D E

... 26 . _E D E

... 27 _ _E E E

... 45 . _E C E

1 40 _ _E D D

.__ 46 _ .E E D

... 21 _ .E E E

... 19 _ .E E E

7 3,833 E+O D

REPORT ON WHITFIELD COUNTY SURVEY. BY
E. A. Pound.

Whitfield County has made some educational progress during the past few years. During this time, ten new buildings have been constructed and twelve others remodeled or reconstructed. However, new school buildings alone do not necessarily mean a rejuvenated system of schools.
Conditions need to be transformed in this county, if the children of the rural districts are ever to have a chance to get an education. Note the following:

30

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

In the city of Dalton there is a first-class system of schools, operating nine months in the year. In these schools the pupils have the attention of one teacher all the day through. Here every child has an opportunity to be prepared for the high school and for life.
In the rural schools--except at Tunnel Hill, Oohutta, Crown Point and perhaps one or two other places--the average length of term is only five months. More than one-third of these schools are oneteacher schools.
Many of the teachers of these schools have six and seven grades, which they attempt to teach. They can do justice neither to themselves nor their pupils. The highest salary paid in these schools is $325 per year. These teachers have no means by which the better to prepare themselves. Sixty per cent of them have never attended a first-class summer school or normal school. More than fifty per cent of them have less than a first grade elementary license. Many of them hold third grade certificates. Forty per cent of them have never completed a high school course.
As long as such lack of preparation is permitted, as long as such inadequate salaries are paid, as long as such short terms are given, as long as so many pupils are given to one teacher, as long as teachers are responsible for so many grades-there can be no educational advance, and equality of educational opportunity as between city and rural child is out of the question.
Outside of Dalton there are nine schools attempting to do high school work. One good Senior high school at Dalton and two or three Junior high schools could easily take care of the high school pupils of this county, provided the proper adjustments are made. Some of these so-called high schools are attempting to do the impossible. Their equipment is inadequate, their teaching personnel insufficient to do satisfactorily the work they are attempting to do. As a result of such conditions only 83 children out of a school population of over 4,000 in the county outside of Dalton attend high school. In the first place the schools giving five months' terms cannot prepare them to go, and when they go to such schools they cannot be given adequate attention. No wonder then that less than two per cent of the rural children attend the so-called rural high schools.
At least six of these schools should eliminate the high school grades and spend the money now expended upon them in developing a first-class grammar school. The high school pupils should be sent to adequately equipped high schools where the adolescent can be given a chance. The primary school would thereby be relieved and the teacher given more time in which to attend to her primary children.
The School Board of this county can do no greater work than to study the educational waste that is occasioned by the present system in reference to high school work. The causes of such small attendance upon the high school is a matter for serious reflection.
The sanitary conditions in many of the schools are not at all satisfactory. Many of the schools have no sanitary toilets, and many that have them are keeping them in an insanitary condition. In the sanitary conditions that exist we are setting ideals for the children, and many of the ideals placed before them cannot command the respect of self-respecting children. It is time for this county to awaken along this line.
The school at Cohutta has not been made safe from fire hazard and this should be corrected at once. The following recommendations are made: 1. An increase in the length of term. 2. An improvement in the preparation of teachers. The teachers of this county are earnest and dillegent, but the salaries paid will never permit them to spend money upon their improvement. 3. Adequate salaries paid to every teacher who does honest, efficient work. The development of some plan under which the teachers will have a chance to improve themselves. All not adequately prepared should attend summer or normal schools. 4. More attention to sanitation. This is a pressing need. 5. Elimination of eighth grades in all but three or four schools in the county. Unless a school is prepared to teach nine grades it is doubtful if the eighth grade should be taught.Better good elementary schools than second-grade high schools.
6. Fewer grades to the teacher. No teacher can do herself justice over-burdened as she is, with too many pupils in too many grades.
7. More consolidation. This county has only one consolidation, that at Cohutta. This school is housed in a building that presents a fire hazard. There are many places at which consolidations can be made and with good roads up the valleys several schools could easily be combined and the children transported.
8. Better equipment. The schools have, as a rule, little, if any, equipment. How some teachers get the results that they do with virtually no equipment is a mystery.

BaWiiiiWBBWM>iWWI!WitiaiH^^

'

^

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

31

9. Elimination of some buildings by replacement with modern buildings, More attention to the
lighting of school buildings. 10. The erection of at least one Rosenwald building. At Dalton there is a high school building--just erected--which is the pride of the city. This is a mod-
ern building in every respect, with adequate equipment, and here under good teachers the pupils receive a real chance. Dalton has a good school system, not yet ideal, but the authorities are looking forward eventually to the realization of a real educational ideal for their children. May the educational consciousness that has been developed in the city soon prevail throughout the entire county
and may every boy, rural or city, have at least an approximation of an educational equality of opportu-
nity.

WALKER COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

20,885 16,241

2,484 2,451

23,369 28,692

6,392 5,283

4,569 3,245

1,444 1,427

113

8.3

142

10.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

5,059

1923

6,555

Colored 740 930

Total
5,799 7,485

White 40 93

TAXABLE VALUE 1823.

Colored 12 15

Personal $2,936,140

Land $4,119,

Corporation $979,848

Total 52 108
Polls $3,263

Grade
Total. Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded... Median Age Med. Retardation

Ace-Orade Retardation

I n III

1,093 689 698"

24 16 48

614 265 268

455 408 382

2

2

7

56 39 38

42 59 55

7.6 9.5 10

0.6 1.5 1

IV

VI VII VIII

638 473 366 306 161

10 13 11

5

5

220 141 115 74 59

408 319 240 227 97

2

3

3

2

3

34 30 31 24 37

64 67 66 74 60

11.7 12.7 13.6 14.9 15.

1.7 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.4

IX

XI Total

122 60 40 4,646

13 7 1

153

37 31 14 1,838

72 22 .25 2,655

11 11 2

3

30 52 35

40

59 37 63

57

16.3 16.5 18.8

1.3 0.6 1.8

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF WALKER COUNTY. BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, March, 1924.

SCHOOL

LaFayette

Chickamauga

Rossville Consolidated

Cedar Grove Consolidated.

Linwood

West LaFayette

Naomi

West Armuchee ConsoL

Flintstone

Osborn

Warren

Catlett

Center Grove

Chattooga

Cornith

Estelle

High Point

Mission Ridge

Mt. Carmel

."

Peavine

Pond Spring

_

Rock Spring

Trans

Villanow

Wallaceville

Waterbille

Wesley Chapel.

Bethel

Burnt Mill

Chenchat

Concord

Fairvie w

Furnace

Garrett's Chapel..

Griffin

~__

Harrisburg

Henderson

High

:;:

Kensington

Lee

New Prospect..

Noble

~~~~

Oak Grove.. .

Old Bethel

"

Pine Grove

Pleasant Grove

Ridgway

Sunnyside

a

a

tf

0) M

$10,875

10,210

10,440

5,940

3,825

3,915

1,620

3,015

1,440

900

1,290

750

588

930

660

780

6

630

6

840

6

750

6

600

6

750

6

690

(i

738

6

720

6

930

6

888

6

840

6

330

6

360

6

390

6

300

6

300

6

270

6

300

6

300

6

330

6

300

300

600

6

390

6

600

6

270

6

300

6

258

6

300

6

270

6

390

6

450

6+ $72,862

3v ia. --*

do

ai P St

14 11 12 12

10 2 6 1 12 549. __C

12 11 13 13

11 2 7

464. ..D

22 9 12 10

11 1 5

419. ...C

6 11 6 6

6

3

264. ...E

5

53

4 1 4 4 297. _.E

6

55

411

280. __E

4

41

3 1 2 .: 122. ._E

4 3

44 a1

4

4 1 5 115. ... E

2 1 2 7 ... 185. _.E

2

32

2 1 1 4 2 106. __E

3

31

3

1

71. __E

3

2

2

2

57. _.E

2

2

112

56. _.E

2

2

2

1

92. _.E

2

2

2

56. _.E

2

2

1 1 13

80. __E

2

2

1111

..E

2

"z

2

2

2 4 .. 64. __E

2

.. 66. _.E

2

2

11

.. 61 _ ._E

2

2

2

L 64. ..E

2

2

11

__E

2

2

2

55. ._E

2

2

1111

56. ..E

2

2

2 ... ... 11

108. ..C

1

2

2

... 2

53.. _.E

2

2

2

67.. __E

1

1

1

40.. ..E

1

1

1

50.. ..E

2

1

1

43.. ..E

1

1

1

39.. ..E

2

1

1

36.. __E

1

1

1

20.. ..E

1

1

... 1

34.. -.E

1

1

... 1

29.. _E

1

1

1

2 ._ 45.-. ..E

1

1

... 1

25.. __E

1

1 1 ... 1

29.. __E

2

11

1 ..

5 ._ 32.. -E

1

1 ... 1 1

2 .. 50.. -E

1

1

1

9 _. 61.. _.E

1

1

2.

38.. ..E

1

1

1 ..

6 .. 31.. __E

1

1 .... 1 1

5 .. 20.. -E

1

1 .... 1

1

7 ._ 28.. _.E

1

1 .... 1 _. 1

24_. ..E

1

1 1 ... 1 ....

30.. _.E

1

1 1 .... 1

2 .. 32.. ..E

135. 123 80 43 101 22 67 103 26 4,691 E

REPORT ON WALKER COUNTY SURVEY.

BY

E. A. Pound.

a
2 go n
AA AA A+D AA
Oc c I! cC
BD BE DE CD DD DD DD EE ED EE DE DD ED CD OD DD CD DE DE DD DE DE DE EE DD EE DE EE EE EE EE CD EC DE DD DD DE DE EE DD EE D+E

In 1921 Hon. M. L. Duggan made an intensive survey of this county and the results of that survey, incorporated in Bulletin No. 35 of the Department of Education. This Bulletin will show the educational conditions as they existed at that time. The recommendations that he made then should obtain now for the county, although it has made some educational progress, has entirely too many schools for one superintendent to handle successfully, and too many teachers are teaching too many grades.

j|||||MB|HMHHMlMBM

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

33

There are in the county 6,133 white children. These are taught in 51 schools--47 of which are in operation now. There are 898 colored children and these are taught in ten schools.
During the past few years consolidations have been made at Cedar Grove, Eossville, West Armuchee. A recent consolidation has been made at Rock Springs. They have called an election for the issuance of bonds to the amount of $15,000 for the new building at Rock Springs.This election will be held this month, and the prospects are good for carrying the election for bonds. These consolidations represent forward steps, and yet, there should be at least eight more good consolidations combining at least thirty of the schools. In the four consolidations already made twelve schools were combined. The rural child will never secure an equality of educational opportunity until he is able to attend a good consolidated school where he can get adequate length of recitation periods and more attention from the teacher than he now has. As a rule the length of term in the schools already consolidated is nine months, whereas the average length of term in the small schools which yet obtain is only six months.
This county needs to realize the fact that one man cannot successfully handle all the schools that are now in operation. Every effort should be made to bring about more consolidations, and whether this is done or not the Superintendent should have at least one good supervisor to help him keep more closely in touch with the schools. As it is, they are not and cannot be adequately supervised. The whole system needs improvement and correlation and this the Superintendent earnestly hopes to bring about, but some conditions should be changed before this can be realized.
Buildings. The county has some buildings that will answer as school buildings but too many of them are not fitted for the purpose that they serve. The consolidated school will bring into being a better type of building and this in itself will be a forward step for the county, as most of the buildings are of the D or E class.
The county has one Rosenwald building costing $1,600 at Dewberry near Rossville. This building will serve as a model for the coming negro school building.
Teachers. The teachers heretofore have had very little training as a rule but it is the ambition of the Superintendent to change this state of affairs, by increasing the length of term, and by encouraging his teachers to attend normal and summer schools. By developing more con solidated schools, by ehminating the twenty or more one-teacher schools in which the teacher has entirely too many grades, a longer length of term may be had and a better prepared teacher secured.
The schools at Lafayette and Chickamauga and Rossville are all good schools, and have splendid buildings. Rossville has recently erected a new building at a cost of about $70,000, and Lafayette has a beautiful school building recently completed costing the same. All of these schools have a nine months term. The pupils attending these schools are getting splendid educational advantages. The people of
the county should see to it that all the children of the county have the same kind of an educational opportunity as have the pupils of these favored sections.
The following recommendations are made: Longer terms for the rural schools. Better prepared teachers for the rural schools. More supervision for the rural schools. Fewer grades to the teacher.
More consolidated schools by the elimination of practically all of the two and one-teacher schools where a child never gets the chance he should have.
The co-ordination and correlation of the work of the city and county schools.
The continuance of the Barrett-Rogers Fund to this county for the support of the rural child in the Senior High School.
The development of a real county system of schools by the adoption of the county unit plan. The independent system at Chickamauga should be eliminated, as should also the semi-independent system at Linwood. All the children of the county should be placed upon the same basis and given the same advantages, and until the counties of Georgia realize this fact, we will never have the schools we ought to have, and will present the spectacle of a state with many counties treating many of the children unjustly.
The development of the educational consciousness of the people of the rural districts until they realize that unless they energize themselves and take more interest in their children's education the result may be disastrous to their future.
A careful reading of the survey of 1921 by Mr. Dug'gan. Important. The County Board is offering a bonus of $5,000 per year to the district that will issue bonds and erect a consolidated school where needed.

34

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

WHITE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
5,709 4,713

Colored
396 397

Total
6,105 5,110

6-18 Years
1,913 1,553

Attending School
1,247 1,182

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

Over 10 Years
433 541

16-20 Years
34 41

Per Cent
10.0 15.2

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,849

1923

2,102

Colored
153 153

Total
2,002 2,255

White
20 39

Colored
6 6

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Total
26 45

Personal $492,241

Land $967,270

Corporation $77,919

Polls $1,261

RECORD OF WHITE COUNTY. BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor, March, 1924.

SCHOOL
Cleveland Helen Public Shoal Creek Blue Creek Mass Creek New Bridge Oaks Chapel Robertstown Tesnatee White Creek Woodlawn Zion Blue Ridge Duckett Duke's Creek Eatress Friendship Hickory Nut Laurel Hill Pleasant Retreat Town Creek Union Grove Zeona. Nacoochee Inst

a

1

CO

O

O.CP

cd a) <*

fi


Co

OS'S

dW

EH

CO

fc> a)

CO

9 $3,675

11 6

5

...267 _..E C B

6

1,200

83

2

1 95 ...C C B

6

990

83

2

2

133 E C D

6

570

62

1

56 E C D

6

570

62

2

65 E D E

6

525

62

2.

6

510

72

2_

45

E EE

55 E E E

7

560

82

2

7

525

62

1

83 E C E 43 D E E

6

570

721

2

76 E C E

6

615

621

2

73 E D E

6

570

721

2

66 . .DDE

6 6

270 300

5 7

T..

24 _ E D E 25 C L E

6

180

3

6

300

4

6

270

7

1

17 E E E 29 E D E 37 .E D E

6

240

6

1

33 E D

6

180

7

1

17 D D

6

270

6

1

6

270

7

1

43 ... 37

.E D E DDE

6

240

6

1

.. 1

6

285

7

1

23 E D D 30 E D D

9

3,000 12 12 10 5 5

33

157 ._..E A A

6+ $16,605 52

51 22 29 4 10 28 4 1 1,529 __E+ D+D-

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

35

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med Retardation

RECORD OF WHITE COUNTY (Continued.) Age Grade Retardation

in

in IV

V VI VII Vm IX X XI Total

481 162 17(5 204 150 110 77 57 17 23 12 T469"

10

925231

2

34

294 41 75 64 31 20 17 16" T" 3 "6" 562

177 112 99 135 117 87 59 47 16 18 6

873

2613131

9

2

61 25 43 31 21 18 22 18 1" 13 86"" 39

37 69 56 66 78 79 77 82 94 78 50

59

7.5 9.9 10.3 11.8 13.2 14.5 15.6 16.0 17.6 17.7 18 0

0.5 1.9 1.3 1.8 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.0 2.6 1.7 1.0

REPORT ON WHITE COUNTY SURVEY. BY
I. S. Smith.

The schools of White County are in fairly good condition and mere are many signs of progress. A number of consolidations have been made within the pasr year, ana as a result of this many new buildings have been built or are now in the course of construction. It is very gratifying to see the care that Supt. Edwards is exercising in seeing that these new buildings are being properly constructed. All indications are that White County is alive to the needs of her children and is making much progress in her public school system.

Population

HARRIS COUNTY Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10

16-20

Per CeDt

Years

School

Years

Years

1920 1910

4,564 5,021

11,209 12,865

15,773 17,886

5,079 5,847

3,678 3,168

2,626 3,761

272 506

23.4 28.9

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,279

1923

1,254

Personal $983,210

Colored

Total

White

4,008 3,681

5,278 4,935

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land $1,861,867

Corporation $1,152,884

Colored 459

Total
465 90

Polls $1,916

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

Age-Grade Retardation

I II

148
10 115 23
7 78
15 6.8

111
11 75 26 10 67
23 7.9

III IV

126
13 82 31 10 65
25 8.9

169
14 90 65 8 53
39 10.4 0.4

V
117 16 70 31 14 60 26 11.2 0.2

VI VII VIII IX
101 97 85 72 5597
55 52 47 45 41 40 29 20
5 5 11 10 54 54 55 62 41 41 34 28 12.7 13.6 14.2 15.2 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.2

XI Total

63
5 47
11 8 75 17 16.0

37
8 18 11 21
49 30 17.0

1,127 103 696 328 9
62 29

36

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF HARRIS COUNTY. BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor, March, 1924.

SCHOOL
Hamilton Chipley Public. Waverly Hall... Cataula Jessie Wisdom.. Shiloh Sunnyside Ellerslie Antioch Central Ebenezer Flat Top Flint Hill... Hargett. Hop ewell Mt. Hill. Piney Grove. Smiths Union Hill

oo

a

6

CO

SB

$2,835 4 10

3,265 10 11

3,394 5 11

3,240

11

2,970

11

3,510

11

2,700

900

675

8

675

7

575

10

540

7

540

8

607

8

9

607

8

675

9

630

607

4^

610

7

$29,555 47

47 44

si 0) M 3?

1

4

111

..11

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

42 5 17

S5
4 78 _ ..C 16 209 _.A 12 122. __B 5 86 . ..C 6 87 . ..A
122. __C 3 111 __B
18 . ...A 32 . _._E 30 . _-_E 16 . __-E 17 . _..D 16 . .__B 41 . ...E 36 . 3 -_. 46 . __A 26 . ...B 34 . E 24 _E 12 46 951.

AD BA CA DC BB CC
Bc
CC
DD DD
DD ED EC
EE DD
DD ED DD ED D+D-

REPORT ON HARRIS COUNTY SURVEY. BY
J. O. Martin.
The percentage of illiteracy in Harris County is exceedingly low. The schools have functioned unusually well. Cataula, Chipley, Jessie Wisdom, Hamilton, Shiloh, Waverly Hall and Sunnyside have kept the attendance in High School work far above the average.
The teachers, for the most part, have kept themselves in training, and as a result their class-room work is more in keeping with modern thought.
The term is nine months and there is a harmonious spirit of school interest throughout the County. A few more consolidations are necessary and these will be made as soon as the public roads
will permit.

J

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education
N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post offiee of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Ac! i ^1J8^8t ^'J?}2- Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Act of October 3,1917, authorized October 5,1923.

Vol.1

Atlanta, July 15, 1924

No. 18

WASTE IN EDUCATION IN GEORGIA DUE TO NON-ENROLLMENT
(Annual Meeting of City and County School Officials, Athens, Georgia, July 9, 1924.)
It is peculiarly fitting that in the midst of so much discussion of waste and excess expenditure in education we should have this conference on waste due to a lack of education. Then, too, the desire to see Georgia get out of the cellar, educationally, has led us to a more serious study of the leaks in our system. On the other hand, we have heard so much about the waste of our forests; waste due to failure to utilize our water power; to deveop our clay products; the waste occasioned by the boll weevil, army worm, fire loss etc., that it is high time to consider whether or not education has a part in all these. But we can't educate the non-enrolled and absent child.
"Well," some may say, "I know we are behind in education but isn't the State doing all it can for the schools? Isn't it giving everyone a chance to get an education? What more can be done?" As to the State's ability to do more for education, let me say that the State will never assume the rank it deserves until it goes in debt to get an educatior.
Hundreds of Georgia's splendid leaders can testify to the sound business judgment of borrowing money to go to school. As to the idea that the State is giving everyone a chance, let us see what the facts are.
For the purposes of this discussion, I would like to set up a four point standard of measurement; viz. 1. The proportion of children enrolled to the Census. 2. Length of term school is in operation. 3. The percentage of attendance. 4. The grade mortality.
If he does not enroll, or if he does not have the opportunity of a full school year, or if he does not attend regularly, or if he drops out early in life, he and his State suffer a loss.
In this good year one thousand nine hundred and twenty-four, one child out of every six of school age, was not enrolled in any school.' 150,000 children between the ages of six and eighteeen have not set foot in a school house this year. And not all were negroes either. Furthermore, we are told that less than 200,000 children had a chance to get more than seven months school last year, thru a short school term. Only twenty-five Counties provided a 180 day term last year. In other words, approximately only one child out of every four of school age, had a full chance to get an education. If figures showing the number of children of the fortunate 200,000 who attended eight months or more, a well'equipped school taught by a well equipped, well paid teacher, were available, I am sure we would hesitate to state them.
All this is a waste and an enormous one. I fear we dare not comtemplate the loss. We are told that careful estimates place the average value of a day in school, all grades, at about four dollars. These are pre-war figures, too, I believe. This means that we are losing, yearly, one hundred and eight million dollars on our non-enrolled children alone. The loss through non-attendance and short school term will double this. Think of Georgia losing practically one quarter of a billion dollars each year through non-enrollment and non-attendance in school.
Our State shudders today to think of "Sherman's March through Georgia." The bitterest pangs, the hardest wounds to heal, were his wanton and useless destruction of property. And yet the wast just mentioned would repay each year, a dozen times over, every dollar's worth of property destroyed in that invasion.
It is common knowledge that Georgia has allowed herself to be outstripped by her neighboring states in material growth. The Secretary of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce recently had this to say about North Carolina: "One state in particular, has made remarkable strides in material and educational development. It has aquired hundreds of textile mills, furniture plants, tobacco factories and numerous

2

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

other industries which have brought in a vast amount of wealth." Notice that he links, unintentionally, perhaps, material and educational development. He presents figures showing that whereas, during the ten year period 1912-22 Georgia had an increase in wealth of 84%, North Caro Una had increased 175.7%.
There is another loss, less tangible perhaps, and also less extensive, but nevertheless very real. More than 90% of our trouble in Atlanta with non-enrollment and non-attendancehas been among children of uneducated parents, who were therefore often unable to earn a sum sufficient for a living. One mother came into my office seeking a permit for her 13 year old boy to work. She had seven children under 14 years of age and was getting a wage of only twelve and one-half cents per hour. Another was notified that she must put her children, two of them, in school. In this case both parents were living, the mother getting $6.25 per week doing piece work, and the father scarcely more. Thus we have the vicious circle; parent, unskilled laborer, unable to support family, takes child out of school--(encouraged to do so by the State!) puts the child to work, thus stunting his mental and physical growth. The child, in tu rn becoming a parent, must put his child to labor to support the family. We hear much in our cities of constructive charity. No charity work can be more constructive than to keep the children of poor, destitute parents in school. We have come to the conclusion in Atlanta, that the idea of letting a 12 year old boy or girl go to work to support a widowed mother is uneconomical, unfair and criminal. It has no foundation in sentiment, economy or charity. We hold that such child, of all children, must have an education and that it is the duty of the Community to support both widow and child, if necessary, while he gets it. And this idea has been carried out. The sum total of absences of children within the compulsory age limit in Atlanta, who were excused this year for economic reasons, is less than two months.
There is the moral waste. President Coolidge says, "Ignorance is the most fruitful source of crime in this country." And crime is costing the U. S. three billion dollars, annually. Some say it costs ten billion. Strange to say, one of the best criminal lawyers in Atlanta has launched a state-wide attack on the spending of so much money for education, using Atlanta as a text. True to type, however, he was very active in increasing the salary of judges in his county, saying that the salary must be high enough to attract men of the best calibre to the bench. We now have some ten judges all of whom, with one exception, get twice as much as the City Superintendent of Schools and more than three times as much as the County Superintendent. An educated citizenship will not wipe out crime, just like it will not wipe out poverty, but that cannot justify a continuation of ignorance that breeds crime and poverty.
There is the waste due to undeveloped manhood and womanhood. We can't measure this. It is well, perhaps, that we cannot. But can there be a greater tragedy than the undeveloped, untrained mind and heart (for true education must reach the heart.)
Not many years ago there was born in the mind of some good people of Edinburgh the idea of a great memorial. On a beautiful eminence overlooking the city, the site was selected. The plan was to reproduce the famous public buildings of ancient Rome. Marble and stone were collected. The work began, but the project fell through. The work ceased, and instead of a thing of beauty, joy and pride, there lies the unshapen stone in a heap of blasted hopes and dreams. How many minds has Georgia blasted. How many persons in our State with an intelligence capable of the highest development but who, for want of training, are doomed to toil at twelve cents per hour. True there are some, who, like the river impeded in its course, will find a way either around or over the impediment, yet the vast majority are like the flower that, deprived of sunlight, withers and dies.
I have not mentioned grade mortality. The last annual report of the State Superintendent shows that for thirty-two children enrolled in First Grade, only sixteen were in Third Grade, while only one was In Fourth year, High School. The mortality in the primary grades is appalling. Practically all our (Atlanta) non-promotions in the primary grades this year were due actually to irregular attendance and that is listed as the chief cause for non-promotions in all the other grades. The loss in non-promotions is twofold. He may drop out of school entirely, but if he returns he must repeat. Taken all in all, I have e stimated that an absentee from school costs three times as much as a child in school. Though exact figures are not available, it has been estimated that Georgia spends three-fourths of a million dollars each year teaching repeaters. A large precent of this can be set down against irregular attendance.
i LOSS IN GOOD GOVERNMENT.
One of the most serious accusations brought against rulers of old was that they neglected to educate their people. The power was founded on ignorance and their hope of continued domination depended on their ability to keep from the masses the light of Knowledge. They feared the educated person. Might we not meekly ask wether the same philosophy has controlled, at times, our own policy toward education? And is not the same influence back of the nation-wide attack being made on education today? The employer fears that his employees will demand higher wages and the community political clique knows that it is harder to manipulate the vote of the educated man. This is not merely an assumption. Evidences

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

3

may be seen on every hand. Have not some attempted all along to justify our niggardly effort to educate the negro on the ground that a little learning "made a fool of him?" Only a few days ago I heard an individual in our city say that the way the Board of Education has "spent money on the niggers is a disgrace to this city." The speaker was roundly cheered for the sally. Incidentally that person is a candidate for the Legislature.

You will hear it repeated on every hand that "politics" is ruining our State, that it is dragging down our government and impeding progress. Well, what more might be expected of a people whose average education does not extend beyond the third grade?
Georgia must get her children in school. And that means every child. We may boast good buildings tram good teachers, etc., but if the child is not there when the bell rings, all effort is of no avail.
How can this be done? Among other remedies that may be mentioned this morning we may: First, Establish night schools under certain conditions.
Second, State funds might be apportioned on a basis of attendance instead of the periodic school census.

Third, Let school officials, teachers and civic organizations encourage attendance. A Superintendent must realize that his obligation is just as much toward the child out of school as the child in school. The "go to school" campaigns in Atlanta have put over twice as many pupils in school as has the Compulsory Education Law. While the fact that our attendance has been increased 10% in the last few years is due practically entirely to personal interest on the part of the Principals and teachers, for as a matter of fact, the present compulsory law tends to decrease rather than increase average attendance.
Fourth, The compulsory law may be strengthened and better enforced. A bill is now being prepared which will:
1--Make the age limit seven to fifteen inclusive. 2--Lengthen somewhat, the school term.
3--Provide for better enforcement by putting the matter of enforcement in the hands of the Juvenile Court.
Fifth, Let School Officials first say we will get the child in school, consider handicaps only to overcome them.

How many have set the standard "a school enrollment equal to the Census?" Sixth, Enrich the curriculum. We must no longer hide behind the adage "You may lead a horse to
water but you can't make him drink."
But that is for another speaker and I must say I thank you for your kind attention.

0

M. E. COLEMAN.

SCHOOL CONSOLIDATION.

Delivered Before the Convention of School Officers July 8,1924, Athens, Ga., by J. E. D. Shipp.

With great trepidation I approach the subject of Consolidated Schools as assigned me by your worthy State Superintendent. My embrassment would be greater were it not for the fact that I presume upon your liberality and sympathetic minds for encouragement which I know characterizes the members of this Association, engaged as you are in the greatest of all work that challenges and invites co-operation and alliance.
During the eight years struggle for independence the Colony of Georgia furnished more than her share of men and money to carry on the great war. She was dubbed the lost Colony because completely over-run by the British and at the conclusion of peace there were only nineteen thousand white people within her borders. The great Constitution they adopted provided most liberally for educating the youth of the land, and when Georgia became a State she was the first to organize a State University. The University of Georgia was chartered in 1785, forty years before the University of Virginia was founded. The unprecedented appropriations for Schools as made by the Legislature brought unprecedented prosperity wealth, intelligence and population. Her statesmen, poets, philosophers, teachers, authors and inventors everywhere illustrated her unexampled efforts for School betterment and Georgia became the Empire State of the South. She grew and was the wonder and admiration of all the world until the beginning of Civil War of the sixties. Then, what a change came over her, my brethern. Her people impoverished and dispirited by four years of internecine war faced the horrors of reconstruction and her seminaries were unsupported and unattended.
History repeats itself--the material prosperity of the State declined with the decline of education. It is always the case that a State or Nation will ever grow in wealth and material prosperity just in proportion as education is fostered by her people. Every automobile on your streets is a badge of honor to

GEOBGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
Michigan where 70% of them are manufactured, and a badge of dishonor to Georgia. This State excels in timber, minerals and soil, but Michigan, sixty eight years younger, spends twenty-two ($22.00) dollars for education to every one that Georgia expends, and in manufacturing and material prosperity Michigan expands twenty times as fast as our own State. God has blessed us with the raw material but we are slaves to King Cotton and many of the flowers of our population go elsewhere for employment. The picture is appalling. The late census shows that Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia are the lowest down in the scale of per capita wealth of any States in the Union. The reason for this is that these States are also the highest in the scale of illiteracy. Material prosperity is as sure to follow educational advancement as the day follows the night.
There are three words that come to me here in natural sequence that I wish I could impress indellibly upon the hearts of our people. They are EDUCATION, DIVERSIFICATION and GLORIFICATION. Who among you will deny that Education begets Diversification, and Diversification breeds Glorification?
The Federal Government spends ninety-three ($93.00) dollars out of every one hundred ($100.00) dollars that it raises by taxation to pay for past wars or to provide for future conflicts. For every dollar spent in construction, ninety-three are spent for destruction. Our Congressmen and Senators are unmindful of the fact that the best wall of protection this Country can possibly build is not in steel armaments and battleships, but in the proper education of her citizens. Only One Dollar out of every One Hundred Dollars is used for education by the people of the United States. The building of one battleship costs enough to endow a College for all time. The only way to make America sure for democracy is through the school room.
Banish ignorance and crime will be lessened. The National Society for the Prevention of Crime has lately published figures showing indisputably that 6% of the money of the Government is spent to punish crime. Will not a common knowledge of these facts bring a common sense of conviction? It is our shame that 70% of the children do not pass beyond the third grade in the Schools of this Country. There is but one remedy for all these evils that afflict us. The cost of ignorance is too great for a proud people to bear longer.
The Consolidated School means better teaching, better schools and is a complete solution of all these evils. The money to run these Schools can be had without any additional taxation, if our people will only become alive to the necessity of proper action. If our Legislature would hold only beinnial or quadrennial sessions instead of annual sessions, there would be fewer and better laws and more respect for the necessary laws and enough would be saved the State to promote our Schools to a higher standard of efficiency.If the Schools are made better there need be fewer Courts and greater savings in prisons, almhouses and asylums. The cost of ignorance is infinitely greater than the cost of learning. The waste, want of system, and inefficieny of the one and two-teacher schools to give opportunity to development of pupils and teachers are so apparent that I need not descant on them at this time.;'
I thank God that I live in a county that has already awakened from its lethargy. Her forty schools have been turned into ten consolidated schools that teach the eleven grades, by teachers everyone of whom are full College graduates and are selected for their worth and ispiriting qualifications. The districts have all by a two-thirds vote assumed local taxation. We have in Sumter County the finest High School buildingin the South outside of the corporate limits of any city. Six school districts unite to form the accredited Union High School. This is one of the jewels that we point to with pride, like Cornelia of old when she exhibited her two sons--the Gracchi--to the women of Rome. To promote uniformity of grades we have four annual examinations given by the Superintendent, and pupils are classed by these grades as examined by him. Two dozen Ford trucks run nine months in the year transporting children to and from School who live over three miles from the School-house. Two days are spent in a convocation every year where the Schools meet and contend for numerous prizes in debate, athletics and examinations. These Olympiads are looked forward to always with great expectancy, and the School making the best average takes the Loving Cup, and the prizes of One Thousand ($1,000.00) Dollars to the best High School and Five Hundred ($500.00) Dollars to the best consolidated Grammar School is awarded under the Smith-Hughes Act. Agriculture is taught in all our schools and in five of them we have Agricultural teachers, five-eighths of whose salary is paid under the Barrett-Rogers Act. We have five Rosenwald Schools built by the Rosenwald Fund and voluntary contributions from the negroes themselves. Fifty per cent, of the time of these colored pupils is devoted to manual and vocational training. One of these negro Schools (The Nunn Industrial) took twelve of the prizes offered by the Ohattahoochee Valley Exposition held at Columbus in 1923. Their industrial work is simply a matter of much comment and approbation of all visitors.
The most interesting feature of the Sumter County Fair Association every year is the competition of the Consolidated Schools for the handsome prizes offered. Every School Superintendent is required to teach all the other teachers of the School at least forty minutes every week on such subj ects as he thinks most needful. The County Board pays the teachers of the county in accordance with a budget system

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

5

based on attendance, the rule being thirty-five pupils to each teacher. If I were asked what one thing more than any other promoted the greatest uniformity and co-ordination among the schools I would answer--the quarterly examinations as given by the Superintendent which are graded by him and insepcted by the Board of Eudcation of the County. The trucks, schoolbuildings, maintenance and all expenses except salary of the teachers are paid entirely by local district taxation. In a number of instances the teachers drive the trucks. Drivers generally furnish all oil and do all repairs to the trucks and drive by contract at a price varying from Fifty to Seventy Dollars per month. Our County Commissioners give school truck roads the preference, generally, in working county roads. A teacherage is being built at several of the Schools. Teachers are paid from $675.00 for first year teachers to $1,800.00 and dwelling for Principals of the High Schools. The Schools are all required to have at least five acres of land for playground, flowers and Agricultural uses.
These schools were formed not without greatest persistent effort. Opposition has frequently been manifested, many complaints of taxation, expense and removals by advocates of the single-teacher Schools have been made. But this opposition has been fairly overcome and it now seems that Sumter County will never again have one of these greatest obstacles to better education, viz: one and two-teacher schools. We
had a Board of Education who were both patiently courageous and patriotic and by hard licks have successfully parried the slings and arrows with which old conservatism eternally battles progress.
A good joke was told on an Atlanta lawyer representing an electric Company. It is said that he was extolling the virtues of their splendid power and electric lights that rivalled the sun's brightness when he exclaimed: "Gentlemen, if I were disposed to pun I would say in the words of immortal Tennyson;
"Honor the Light Brigade', Then a wag in the crowd hallowed out, "What an awful charge they made."
But labor and sacrifice have always been the price of excellence. The schools themselves, when established have grown very precious to the people as they equalize by bringing the poorest schools up to the best and are the means of interesting the community in the betterment of its own life to keep pace with the ideals set before the children. Life is sweeter in Sumter. Some of us believe that there are only two kinds of people in Georgia, viz: Those who live in Sumter and those who want to live in Sumter O ounty. We are giving at home to our children that which above all other things is most important--a good education which is the birthright of every true-born American boy and girl. Our rural population has ceased to move to the cities and our lands sell for higher prices--education is bringing the much needed diversification, and diversification is sure to bring glorification.
"WE are living, we are dwelling In a grand and awful time, In an age on ages telling To be living is sublime."
If I were a Gutzon Borglum or a Powell I would chisel in solid granite on our own Stone Mountain not the historic Georgia of the maps and books, but the idealized spiritual Georgia of the soul--Not the record of wars alone, nor the achievements of the glorious past, but on that peak of the everlasting hill that first catches the earliest gleams of the great harbinger of day I would carve in indestructible granite in words resplendent the old Greek Proverb:
"The love of learning is learning."
and I would have Miss Columbia with a radiant face as if she had caught a vision of the Heaven beyond as she views a humble little Georgia highbrow whose head is bedecked with the amoranth of immortality, her tresses bound with mountain laurel, the fit emblem of virtue and at her feet palms of victory as she is pointing with pride and inspiriting her pupils with the love of learning that only a great teacher can impart. And then I would complete the picture by having the Goddess Columbia constrained by a divine sympathy as she perceives the patient, heroic, under-paid and unappreciated teacher at her daily grind let fall from her lips the golden words of truth and wisdom--
"Of such is the Kingdom of Heaven and hope of the Nation."

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RANDOLPH COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

5,711

11,009

16,720

5,097

4,124

2,373

216

19.3

1910

5,854

12,986

18,840

5,634

2,912

4,364

542

32.7

STAE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

1,639

1923

1,774

Personal

4,028 4,371

5,667 6,145

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

241

249

165

167

Polls

$1,006,715

$2,561,900

$379,190

$1,817

RECORD OF RANDOLPH COUNTY. BY
E. A. Pound Supervisor. Feb. 1924.

SCHOOL
Cuthbert Shellman Coleman Benevolence Carnegie Martin Taylor.. Andrews JoeTerrell Mobley Pachetta Springvale Trinity Vilulah... Brooksville

13

ft S

tf



03

03 M

03

aft

03 oj K

P3 +

do

go

55

9 $12,425 11 11 11 11

10 1 2

373 .. B A A

9 8,950 9 11 9 9

9

6 24 257

BA A

9 2,905 4 9 4 4

4

.. m. . 86

DC C

8| 1,980 2 10 3 3

3

1.

57

BC C

9 1,018 3 10 3 3

3

2.

70 .DC D

8 1,808 3 8 3 3

21 3

72 .DC C

8 1,808 3 10 3 3

3

2

87

CO c

8

952 2 10 2

2 2 __ .. __

55

CD E

8 1,092 2 9 2 2

2

1

59

DC D

7 1,008 2 9 2 11 2

.

50

CD D

7 1,120 2 7 2 2

2

1 ..

42

DD D

7 1,192 2 10 2 11 2

1

42 .AC D

7 1,171 2 8 2 11 11 2

40 . D D E

8 1,192 2 10 2 2

2

.58

CO D

8

600 2 7 1

11

1

22

CD D

39,211 51 51 51 51 45 6 48 3 22 24 1,370

CC C

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

7

Grade

RECORD OF RANDOLPH COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation
I II HI IV V VI VH viH ix

X XI Total

Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded
MedianAge Med. Retardation

197 167 164 152 141 117

2

4

8

2 13 10

155 131 100 93 79 56

40 32 56 57 49 51

124198

79 79 62 62 56 48

20 19 34 37 35 44

6.9 8.4 9.2 10.6 11.5 12.6

0.4 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.6

121 11 74 36 10 61 29
13.4 0.4

100 84 61 33 5541 48 60 38 20
47 19 19 12 5663 48 71 63 61 47 23 31 33
14.9 15.3 16 4 17 7 0.9 0.3 0.4 0.V

1 337 65 854 418
64

REPORT ON RANDOLPH COUNTY SURVEY.
BY
E. A. Pound.
Randolph County has the county unit plan as to administration of its schools. The county levies a county wide tax of five mills over the whole county. There are two local tax districts in addition to Cuthbert and Shellman. This tax supplements the county wide tax for these districts.
In Randolph county there are fifteen white schools as follows: 1 one-teacher school, with grades limited; 7 two-teacher schools; 4 three-teacher schools; 1 fourteacher school; and two large schools at Cuthbert and Shellman. At Cuthbert is located a first class Junior College--Andrew College.
The largest schools of the county are at Cuthbert and Shellman. At both of these places there are excellent high schools and both of these are on the accredited list. Partial consolidations have been made at both of these schools. Shellman has absorbed an entire school and Cuthbert two.
The County is striving to give its children an equality of educational opportunity by offering to all who are prepared the advantages of the high schools at Shellman and Cuthbert. Cuthbert is receiving the $1,000 bonus from the Barrett-Rogers fund and free transportation is offered to all rural high school pupils to these schools. This is a great step forward. However, this county has eleven schools offering work in the eighth, ninth and tenth grades. These schools are not adequately prepared to do this work. These eleven schools have 100 boys and girls in high school grades. They are taught by teachers who are forced to give much of their time to the grammar grades. As a result neither the high school pupils nor those in the grammar grades from whom the time of the teacher is taken are given adequate length of recitation periods. It would be better if the County would see that only one or two Junior schools are established in the county, these schools to teach through the ninth grades and all rural high school pupils above these grades sent to the Senior high schools at Cuthbert and Shellman.
The length of term in the county varies. Several schools are giving nine months' term, some eight months, some seven, and some six. The average length of term for the white schools is about eight and a half months. The average length of term for colored children is six months. Many of the districts supplement the county wide tax and thereby lengthen their terms.
The following recommendations are made for this county: The elimination of the high school grades from at least nine of the rural schools. The further consolidation of schools. The schools at Pachetta and Trinity have already authorized by a vote the consolidation of these schools. The reduction of the number of grades per teacher in the average rural school. The development of one or two first class Junior High Schools well equipped and well manned. The development of club work throughout the county. The formation of more clubs and literary societies in the rural schools.
The erection of more Rosenwald schools or better school buildings for some of the colored schools. The continued improvement of the buildings for whites. Attention is called to the survey made by Supervisor M. L. Duggan, in 1916. Many improvements have been made in buildings since that time. Paine College--so-called--is a colored school at Cuthbert with 300 pupils.

Population

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
WORTH COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

Whits Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

11,314

12,548

23,862

7,940

6,229

3,450

393

20.7

1910

9,630

9,517

19,147

5,965

3,378

2,863

103

21.4

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

|

Illiterates Over 10 Yrg.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

1918

3,709

4,134

7,843

36

157

1923

3,506

3,731

7,237

9

196

TAXABLE VALUE 1823.

Total 183 205

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$1 10 1,149

$3,876,352

$573,788

RECORD OF WORTH COUNTY. BY
J. 0. Martin, Supervisor, April, 1924.

$2,252

SCHOOL

+3

+i

a
as
OS 00

n

a
o o

3 at E-t


Hc Ao

9
SaoB



EH

o 6

d

55

55

1)

H



aa
5?S
55 &JCQ o

a aSo
H

0 55 55

> "

5 Is

a
i

00 < n

cr N

Satis. Unaatis.

Sylvester

9 $19,480 19 11 18 17 1 16

4 25 450. ..B B A

Shingler

9

1,620 2 5 2 2

2

53. ..D C O

Sumner..

8

5,560 8 11 8 8

7

72

279.. DDE

Warwick Cons

5

3,200 8 11 8 6 2 7

2

224.. DAB

Pouian

--

8

3,360 5 10 6 6

5

4

137. . ODD

Minton

7

2.200 5 9 5 4

4

31

128.. E D D

Red Rock Cons

5

1,650 6 8 4 2

4 .. 4

116.. --E A O

Vickers.

5

1,860 4 10 4 3

3

34

123.. -E D D

Bridgeboro

5

1,120 3 8 3 2

2

3

121.. __E D D

Denby

5

875 3 8 3 1

3

21

37.. -E E D

Doles

,

5

1,025 3 9 3 2

3

13 2 85.. ..D D C

Evergreen

5

925 3 9 3 2

12

1

61.. _.E D C

Gordy

5

950 3 9 3 2

3

4

66 _.D D D

NewProspect

5

900 3 8 3 1

21

6

89.. E E D

Paulk's Chapel

5

950 3 9 3 3

21

1

50. _.D D D

Perry

5

925 3 7 3 1 2 3

1

66. ..E E D

Temper

5

1,470 3 10 3 2 1 2 1

3

72. -D D D

Bowen

5

600 2 6 2

22

50. -D E D

Coleman

5

600 2 7 2 2

2

47. ..E D D

Gregory

5

600 2 7 2 1 1 1 1

36_ ..E D D

Liberty Hill

..... 5

600 2 7 2

211

46.. _E D C

OakField

9

900+ 3 8 2

11

59.. .0 E D

Parkervule

5

550 2 8 2 .... 2 .... 2

45.. E E E

Willis

5

700 3 8 2 1 1 2

43.. E D D

Wright's Chapel..

5

600 2 6 2 1 1 1 1

37. ..E E D

Davis.

5

200 1 6 1 .... 1 1

27 ..E E E

Powelltown_.

5

250 1 7 1 .... 1 1

19 ..E D E

South Minton

5

300 1 6 1

11

36. ..E D C

5+ $53,970+ 105. 101 71 30 82 19 56 38 40 2,572.. _.D-- D D

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF WORTH COUNTY (Continued)

Grade

.T Ttai---

--

Number Accelerated

Number Normal

Number Retarded

%Accelerated

%Normal

%Retarded

Median Age

Med. Retardation

Age-Grade Retardation

I

nm

IV

VI VII VIII

- 540 334 327 289

48 18

8

7

358 156 158 115

134 160 161 167

9

5

3

2

"" g6

47

48

40

25

48

49

58

___'_ 7.0 8.9 9.9 11.3

0.9 0.9 1.3

253 8
106 139
3 42 55 12.2
1.2

266 12
108 146
4 41
55 13.2
1.2

236 8 73
155 3 31
66 14.6
1.6

159 12 48 99 8 30 62 15.5
1.5

IX
62 8 20 34 13 32 55 16.6 1.2

XI

73 8 37 28 11 51 38 16.6 0.6

65 18 29 18 28 44 28 16.9

Total
2,604 155
1,208 1,241
6 46 48

REPORT ON WORTH COUNTY SURVEY. BY
J. O. Martin.

J

Under prevailing conditions Worth County seems to be doing about as well as it could do. Its length of term is only five months and it is levying the limit of five mills county-wide tax for supple-

mentary purposes. Hence its greatest need is more money with which the term can be lengthened to

seven or eight months and with which certain consolidations and other improvements can be made.

OCONEE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920 1910

6,348 5,942

4,719 5,162

11,067 11,104

3,663 2,286

1,626 1,855

1,361 1,966

144 250

17.0 25.0

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

J

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,814

1923

1,748

Personal

Colored

Total

White

1,441

3,255

19

1,012

2,760

11

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
122 64

Total
141 75

Polls

$651,455

$1,504,138

$444,617

Age-Grade Retardation

$1,942

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation.-

I
290 12 193 85 4 67 29 7.2 0.2

nm

142 4 62 76 3
44 53 9.1
1.1

179 6
89 84
3 50 47
9.9 0.9

iv
184 5 66
113 3
36 61 11.5
1.5

v
132 2
44 86
2 33 65 12.7
1.7

VI VII

127 131

4

2

43 51

80 78

3

1

34 39

63 60

13.5 14

1.5 1

VIII IX

79 52

1

1

21 23

57 28

12

27 44

72 54

15.8 16.1

1.8 1.1

XI Total

25 27 2 17 14"
13
68 52"" 24 48 16.4 17.9
0.4 0.9

1,368
39 623 706
3 45 52

10

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF OCONEE COUNTY. BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor,

SCHOOL
Watkinsville High. BishopHigh Bogart Central Eastville Farmington Barnett Shoals Bethabara Dove Creek High Shoals Mar's Hill Pine Grove Booth's Flat Rock Goshen Liberty Omer Poplar Springs Rose Hill Union Chapel

X) d

03

03

03 M

S$

03 CO

o

+ f3 m
PS

033

22

do

30

125



$ 5,580 8 11 7 6 1

... 22 254 C B B

2,470 4 10 4 4

4 ..

99. _D C O

2,820 4 11 4 4

3

122. .D B D

1,285 3 9 3 3

3

61. .E D D

2,000 4 9 3 1 2 3 ..

130. .E C E

1,760 3 10 3 3

3 ..

68. _B E E

1,350 2 9 2

2 ..

70_ .D E E

930 2

2

2 ..

87. .E D D

660 2

2

2 ..

47. .E D E

1,000 2

2

2 ..

49. .D D C

480 2

2

2 ..

49. .E D D

440 2

2

1

57. .C D E

420 1

1 ..

33. _E C E

330 1

27. _E D E

300 1

16. .E D E

340 1

20. _E

E

360 2

1

1 ..

43_ .E

E

420 1

1

1 __ 1 1

46. .E D E

450 2

1

1 ..

35. _E D D

6

330 1

1

1 ..

1 .. 47. _E

6+ $23,725 48

44 34 10 37 7 29 27 32 1,301 D--D+D-

REPORT ON OCONEE COUNTY SURVEY. BY
J. O. Martin.

The main public roads in this county are good. The county, as a whole, is fairly level. The area of the county is small, yet there are twenty white schools in the county. This is too many. The buildings, with few exceptions, have served their day and purpose. The people know this for there is but little care taken of them and but little pride taken in them, by anybody, The buildings are poorly equipped--and with double seats, and many of these being one-sized adult homemade--good discipline is difficult to maintain.
The entire 20 schools could be easily consolidated into five or six schools. Three of these should be Junior High Schools, and one, Watkinsville, a Senior High School. The entire county should be bonded for the purpose of building school buildings and a county-wide tax of ten mills should be voted for maintenance and administration and administered by the County School Administration.
The term as run by the County Board is six months, the terms of the "Local Tax" districts are longer. The forward communities, mainly along the railroad, constitute the local tax districts. The above plan would eliminate the inequality of opportunity.
The county not only needs to consolidate its schools, and to reorganize its financial system, but it needs to make provision for full-time supervision on the part of the County School Superintendent. A person cannot live on part pay and then be expected to do full time service. Divided effort always endangers success and invites failure. Every other county official is paid a salary sufficient to insure full time service. Why make this exception? -and at the expense of the children. Any business concern would go bankrupt within a short time if it were run on such unbusinesslike methods as County School Administration and Superintendent of this kind. The truth is the schools are bankrupt but since their results are not numbered in terms of dollars and cents the people do not readily recognize it. "People pay for what they need whether they get it or not."
Oconee could become one of the "shining lights" in the State Educational System. Aside from its pride and need it could be a wonderful power for the state teacher-training institution at Athens.
The teachers all over the county and the County School Superintendent are to be commended for their earnest efforts to do their best in their work. There was no failure there.

GEOKGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

11

MONTGOMERY COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
4,819 12,328

Colored
4,348 7,310

Total
9,167 19,638

6-18 Years
3,034 6,342

Attending School
2,198 3,630

Over 10 Years
1,119 2,152

16-20 Years
138 277

*Part of Montgomery County taken for new county of Wheeler since 1910 Census was taken.

Per Cent
17.7 16.1

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

2,618

1923

1,820

Colored

Total

2,015 1,855

4,633 3,675

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

White
16 47

Colored
126 126

Total
142 170

Personal $.396,287

Land

Corporation

$1,404,280

$358,227

RECORD OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor, April, 1924.

Polls $1,489

SCHOOL

Mt. Vernon

6

Tarrytown

"6

Kibbee

6

Uvalda

'.'.'.V. 6

Alston

Charlotte

6

Epping

'.".".'.'.'. 6

Higston

6

New Hope.__

6

Poplar Head

6

Ruth's Chapel

6

Sharp's Spur

6

Hock Branch

6

Kemp

~" 6

Long Pond

.11.".. 6

McGregor

6

Oak Grove

Sadie

~~~_

Swift Creek

"". 6

Sword

6

tBrewton-ParkerInst._

9

6+

$4,072

12

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OP MONTGOMERY COUNTY (Continued)

Age-Grade Retardation

Grade
Total... Number Accelerated Number Normal.. Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

I II III IV

302 14 193 95 5 64 31 7.3 0.3

152 7 84 61 5 55 40 8.5 0.5

184 27 80 77 15 43 42 9.5 0.5

179 3 80 96 2 44 54 11.2 1.2

V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

122 126 118 57 53 32 33 1,358

4

2

4 10

32

76

43 58 50 29 31 22 12

682

75 66 64 18 22 7 19

600

3

2

4 17

96

6

35 46 42 51 58 69 36

50

62 52 54 32 42 22 58

44

12.5 13.0 14.1 14.3 15.6 15.8 18.2

1.5 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.6

1.2

REPORT ON MONTGOMERY COUNTY SURVEY. BY
I. S. Smith.

The length of the term in Montgomery County for the past year was six months. At the time of the survey all of the schools were closed except Mt. Vernon Public School, and the Brewton-Parker Institute, which is a Baptist school supported largely by the Church.
Montgomery County does not have a Senior High School, but this work is taken care of by the B. P. I., which is a very efficient school.
The county is out of debt and pays its teachers promptly at the end of each month. The county does not have a consolidated school and for this reason is getting no part of the BarrettRogers fund. The schools of the county are too close together and a too large per cent of them are one and twoteacher schools. They have a very efficient teaching force but it is impossible for them to do efficient work with from thirty to forty recitations each day. There are twenty white schools in the county. If the Board would center on six or eight central places and make the needed consolidations there would not be need for much transportation. With this consolidation of course would come better buildings and equipment. While the county is in need of better buildings in many of the school districts, it would not be wise to build them with the districts as they are.

HALL COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS

1 1920 1910

Population

White

Colored

23,329 21,700

3,493 4,030

Total Children

Total
26,822 25,730

1 6-18 Years
7,938 7,749

Attending 1 Over 10

School

| Years

6,095 5,244

2,426 2,788

STATE iSCHOOL CENSUS.

Illiterates

16-20 Years
193 303

Per Cent
12.4 15.1

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
6,809 7,482

Personal

Colored

Total

White

1,156 1,362

7,965

152

8,844

136

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
101 32

Total
253 168

Land

Corporation

Polls

$3,055,078

$6,003,809

$2,002,337

$3,951

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

13

RECORD OF HALL COUNTY.

"^

BY

J. O. Martin, Supervisor, April, 1924.

SCHOOL

"fGainesville High

9

*Main Street

9

"Candler Street

"V.V.V 9

Gainesville Mill

""."_" 10

New Holland

_"" 10

Oakwood..

"8

Flowery Branch..'.llllllII

8

Brookton.

8

Candler Cons

~~~~~ 7

Sardis Cons
Bethel

'."." 7
.""III"II 7

Gillsville

'-".".'.'.'.'.'.'.I 9

Jef f erson Acad

.." 8

Chestnut Mt

"7

AirLine...

"~~ s

*Belmont

'_'_" Q

Enon

'.'.'.'.'.'..'. 6

Faulkner

"~

7

Harmony Half...ll.lllllllllll 8

LaurelHill

"8

Mt. Vernon..

"" 6f

Poplar Springs

......

8

Sugar Hill

7

White Hall... Bristol

lllllll 7 ~_~ 8

Buffington

....' 8

Center. Chattahoochee..

"s TMI 7

Cogburn

8

Corinth

~~ 7

Dewberry.

7

Flat Creek

"ll'.llllll 8

Friendship

6

Grange Hall

"7

Gilmer

6

Latty

"8

Living Mission

7

Luck

'..'..'. 8

Macedonia

_

~~~ 7

Merck

'__'_ 7

Mountain View

".'..'..'.'.'. 7

New Bridge.

'.'...'.'. 7

Oak Grove

~_*"" 6

Oconee
O'Neal..

7
.l.lllllllll 7

Piney Grove.

"" 7

Pleasant Hill

6

Polksville

*7

Price

'

7

Rock Hill

8

Skitts Mt

7

Spencer Hill.

7

Timber Ridge

*7

Underwood

6

Union Hill
W. B. Hill

7
"Jim 6J

Whelchel...

8

Chattahoochee High

"9

Lee Institute

8

MangetInst

8

8+

"3

a

TJ8

o

13

0m +

a
^
0)
A-l

*f>>-l>*
03

Pi
iH
>><B OS M

1TO5 w 03^

+5 oW n'O

30

73

fc .--1 fe

$13,300 12 8-11 11 11 ... 10 1

4,485 14 6 14 11 3 13 1

8 7 7 6 1 7 ...

6,900 6 7 7 7

7

16,800 13 7 12 10 2 10 2"

3,700 6 11 6

6 ....

2,560 10 5

41

1,800

94

31

1,970 10 4

4 ....

1,830

84

31

1,400

93

3 ....

1,710 10 3

3 ....

1,330

93

3 ....

1,472 11 3 ...

21

1,072 630

822 9 2.

2 .... 11

720

821

645

721

11 2

940

822

2 ....

1,000

8 2 2 ... 2

762

7 2 2 ...

730

8 2 ... 2

660

7211

800

8 2 2 ..

460

7 1 1 ...

400

71

400 1 7 1

363 1 7 1

400 1 6 1

275 1 7 1 ..

388 1 7 1

460 1 7 1 1 .

323 2 7 1

350 1 6 1 1 .

330 1 7 1 1

460 1 6

1

346 1 6

.. 1

400 1 7

1

403 2 7

1

403 1 5

1

470 1 7

1

287 1 7

1

425 1 7

.. 1

420 1 7

1

357 1 7 1 --. 1

403 1 7 1 1

345 1 7 1 1

368 1 7 1 . -- 1

385 1 7 1 . .. 1 460 1 5 1 1

367 1 6 1 .. .. 1

315 1 7 1 .. .. 1

336 1 7 1 .. .. 1 .

460 1 7 1 .. .. 1

400 1 7 1 1

374 2 7 1 1

400 1 7 1 .. 1

5,420 8 11 8 7 1 8

4

2,240 5 11 5 5 2,840 4 10 5 4 $91,450 165... 157 115

1 42

324 5 ... 1 140 17 100

6 45 338 -.0 A A

558. -O A C

--

373 . A A A

7

294. ...A A A

14

475. --D A A

299. ...E B C

331. ...C E D

189. ...E B D

207. ...D A C

165. ...E B D

95. ...E E E

109. ---E D D

121. ...E A C

150. --D D D

57. --E B B

51. DEE

100_ _.E D E

110. --E D D

2 .. 4 ...

77. --E D D 90. -D D E

59. -E D E

77. ..E D C

70. -D D E

74. --E D D

39. -D D D

32. ...E E E

39. ...E E E

35. ...0 E E

52. ...E E E

51.....E E E

67.....E E E

39.....D D E

34.....E D E

33.. ..E D E

35.. -E E E

27.. -E E E

59.. -E D E

40.. _.E E E

1 .... 48.. ..D D E

14.. ..E E E

1

38.. ..E D E

42.. _.E E E

43.. ..E E E

51.. -E E D

2 ... 37.. -E D E

41.. ..E D E

28.. ..E E E

3

29.. ..E D D

1

56.. ..E D E

52.. ..E D E

40.. ..E O E

31.....E D E

38..._.D E E

31...-E D E

32.....C D E

2

49...-C D E

33__ ..D E E

24 411.....C C B

15 159..... E B B

205... .E B D 70 101 6,489 -D--D-- D--

14

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF HALL COUNTY (Continued)

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

Age-Grade Retardation

I

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

...1,552 788 792 847 800 597 542 277 182 77 76 6,530

81 26 33 52 33 14 10 10

8

19

287

963 396 359 335 273 197 189 98 63

41 2,962

508 366 400 460 494 386 343 169 111 28 16 3,281

5

3

4

6

4

2

1

4

4 1 25

5

62 50 45 40 34 33 35 35 35 62 54

45

33 47 51 54 62 65

64 61 61 37 21

50

7.1 8.8 10.0 11.2 12.5 13.6 14.7 15.5 16.5 16.5 16.9 ...

0.1 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.5 0.5

REPORT ON HALL COUNTY SURVEY. BY
J. O. Martin.

Gainesville, being the location of Brenau College and Riverside Military Academy, has given Hall County an educational atmosphere that has influenced the entire section.
The New Holland Mill School is among the best equipped, taught, and supervised schools to be found in the state.
The attendance in the county schools has been greatly interferred with on account of frequent epidemics of contagious diseases among the children. It is claimed that these first spread from a circus at Gainesville early in the fall.
In matters of consolidation and health Hall County is making most excellent progress. Fifteen schools have been combined at Brookton, Candler, Chestnut, Mountain, Jefferson, Lula, Murrayville, Oakwood and Sardis.
New buildings have been erected at Brookton, Candler, Jefferson, and Sardis. State plans in the main, were used.
The consolidations of Candler and Sardis are monumental. The following consolidations are recommended: Macedonia should go to Chestnut Mountain. As soon as the roads will permit, Center, Spencer Hill and a part of Bristol Academy should go to Jefferson Academy.
Piney Grove and Chattahoochee should go to Flowery Branch, provided bonds are voted and a building is erected. Also part of Bristol, part of Mountain View, Flat Creek, and Poplar Springs, should go to Oakwood.
The remainder of Mountain View that did not go to Oakwood, Laurel Hill and Pleasant Hill should be consolidated
Faulkner, Polksville and Skitts Mountain should be consolidated. Part of Dewberry should go to Brockton; the remainder of Dewberry, Luck, Merck and New Bridge should be consolidated. Welchel should be consolidated with Murrayville.
Price, Grange Hall and Cogburn should be consolidated, and possibly Rock Hill should be included in this consolidation.
Sugar Hill, Oak Grove, Harmony Hall, Oconee and part of Union Hill should be consolidated. Belmont should be consolidated with Candler Consolidated School. Latty, Buffington, Oneal, Spring Way and Timber Ridges hould be consolidated as soon as the roads will permit.
The independent system of Lula should be abolished, and Living Mission and Enon consolidated with it.
With these consolidations perfected the children would have a far more equal educational opportunity. With a number of j unior high schools and Gainesville doing the senior high school work the county would have an almost ideal system. Gainesville would co-operate heartily.
The County School Superintendent should be given clerical aid and a county Supervisor. Murrayville offers a most unusual opportunity for students who wish to board at a minimum cost and do high school work.
The County Health Officer works in co-operation with school administration in matters of Health. Septic tank toilets have been built at all permanent schools except two. All wells and springs have had

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

15

REPORT ON HALL COUNTY SURVEY (Continued)

The HOB, Demonstration Agent also works In close eo-operetlon with the schools SwZ2Z2S2iS TM'- "-- - -- <--*SnpeTnSen, ,, . C,,,,nty

DEKALB COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

1920 1910

White
34,148 19,519

Colored
9,900 8,362

Total
44,048 27,881

6-18 Years
10,908 7,845

Attending School
8,786 5,240

Over 10 Years
2,532 3,018

16-20 Years
221 295

Per Cent
7.3 14.7

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
5,311 7,551

Colored

Total

White

2,163 3,209

7,474 10,760

18 22

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Colored
55 117

Total
73 139

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$6,699,945

$16,575,770

$2,061,082

Age-Grade Retardation

$5,980

Grade

Total

Number Accelerated... Number Normal

Number Retarded,.""

%Accelerated %Normal

%Retarded

"IZll

Median Age

Med. Retardation "

i
1,092 18
823 251
2 75 23 6.9

II
648 14
415 219
2 64 34 8.5 0.5

III
718 28 452 238 4 63 33 9.4 0.4

IV
734 38 388 308 5 53 42 10.7 0.7

695 29
368 298
4 53 43
11.7 0.7

VI
552 46 284 222 8 52 40 12.0

VII
416 58 188 170 14 45 41 13.5 0.5

VIII
341 12
215 114
4 63 33 14.5 0.5

IX
244 10
184 50 4 75 21 15.2 0.2

XI

244
1 171 72
1 70 29
16.4 0.4

120 6
94 20 5 78 17 17.7 0.7

Total
5,804 260
3,582 1,962
4 62 34

16

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF DEKALB COUNTY.
BY
E. A. Pound, Supervisor, April, 1924.

SCHOOL
*fDecatur Senior High *Decatur Junior High Glenwood *Oakhurst *Winona Park *Ponce De Leon Ingleside Chamblee "Lithonia Clarkston Tucker *East Lake Brookhaven Panthersville Stone Mountain Dunwoody Midway Redan Rockland Wesley Chapel Belmont Cross Keys Doraville Fairview Klondike Marvin Montreal Mountain View Oak Grove... Oakland Rehobeth Rock Chapel Salem Shady Grove Sylvester UnionHill Wylie Bethel. Caldwell Cedar Grove Mount Vernon Oak Hill Ousley Chapel Pleasant Hill Tilly.. West End 0EmoryElem GScottish Rite Hosp

ft 9

S3

a
OJ
03 CO

US

OS 60

wO
J, dW

S 3 a
go

9

$16 300 16 9-11 12 12 .. 12

54 350. ..A A A

9

8 200 11 7-8 8 8 ..

250. ..A A A

9

6 775 9 6 8 8 ..

253. ..A A A

9

9 350 11 6 11 9

11 ..

415. ..A A A

9

5 100 6 6 6 6 .. 4 ; 3

209. ..A A A

9 9

4 300 5 5 5 5 .. 7 830 15 11 15 14

5 11

,,

3 15

207. ..C A B 442. _E B A

9

7 260 11 11 11 10

7 6

336. .C A B

9

6 845 11 11 11 11 .. 11 __ 2

350. ..B A A

9

3 545 6 10 7 7 .. 5 ; 2 5 2 185. __A A B

9

3 510 11

6 .. 5

2 1 1 202 _ ..D B B

9

4 635

7

4

5 ._

18 5 169. ..A A A

9

1 890

6

2

3

44 5 138. __B E E

9

2 ,025 10

1

4 ..

4

113. ..B B B

9

8 010 10 11 12 12 .. 10

14 10 327. ..C

B

9

1 ,530 3

3 .. 3 ..

8 1 103 _ -D

D

9

1 ,440 3

1

3 ..

5 1 113. ...D

C

9

1 ,620 3

3 .. 3 ..

20 3 87. ...C

B

9

1 ,485 3

2

3 ..

4

90. ...E

C

9

1 ,440 3

2

7

99. -D B D

9

945 2

1

2 ..

4 .. 72. ...E

D

9

990 2

1

2 ..

12

52. --B

C

9

,170 2

1

2 ..

28 7 58. --C

D

9

945 2

1

1

58. ..D

D

9

945 2

1

53 _ ...C

C

9

945 3

1

11

63. ...C B D

9

900 2

1

2

47. __E B C

9

990 2

2

2

59_ ..E B D

9

945 2

1 12

56. ..D D C

9

990 2

112

37. ..C B D

9

990 2

2

2

92. ..E B D

9

990 2

2

2

48. ..E B C

9

,080 3

9

945 2

2

11

1111

31 2

65. ..C C D 51. ..D B D

9

990 3

2

2

11 .... 68. --B D D

9

990 3

1 1 2 ...

3 .... 29. ...C B C

9

990 2

2

2 ..

2

40. -D B D

9

540 1

1

1

4 1 46. -E B D

9

540 2

1

1

43. ...E B D

9

540 2

1

1

1 ... 40. --E B D

9

385 2

1

1

1 ... 18. _.E C D

9

540 1

1 .. 1

33. ...E D D

9

495 1

1 .... 1

20 ....O C D

9

360 2

1 1 ... 1 5

52 ..E C E

9

540 1

1

1 -.

7 41, E B D

9

540 2

1

1

2

36 E C D

9

4 965 7

7 .... 7 ... 3 15

114466....A A A

...

1 ,080.

1

11

33 E

9

$130 ,255 201.. .19 164 27 167" 24 77 257~I62~5,900~"~C--B

REPORT ON DEKALB COUNTY SURVEY. BY
E. A. Pound.

It is doubful if the average citizen of Georgia has ever attached to DeKalb County the importance it deserves educationally. Adj oining Fulton County and embracing a large part of Atlanta, a number of its institutions are pryhaps accredited to Fulton rather than to DeKalb County.
Within the confines of this county there are 38 white and 15 colored schools--public; the Methodist Orphan's Home, the Crippled Children's Home-one of the greatest institutions of its kind in the world--

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

17

EEPOET ON DeKALB COUNTY SURVEY (Continued)

and three great colleges: Emory University, Oglethorpe University and Agnes Scott College, and the three local systems at Decatur, Lithonia and East Lake.
DeKalb County is one of the wealthiest counties in the state and has a school system far superior to that of the average county. The points of superiority are as follows:
A nine month's term is offered every child in the county. The county is divided into five regional districts: East DeKalb, North DeKalb, South DeKalb, West DeKalb and Middle DeKalb for school purposes. Every year the schools of each district hold a meet at the central school of the district perliminary to the general county meet later in the year. These divisions not only develop a friendly rivalry and a fine spirit of emulation but the central school of each of the five districts serves as the district Senior High School of that district. The results of the county meet each year have been good, giving each child at least a county wide rather than a district vision, an enlarged view-point, and an appreciation of the fact that whatever contributes to the greatness of the county is a contribution worth while, come the contribution from whatever district it may.
DeKalb County is developing school buildings of such a kind as to win the pride of its citizens. Recently up-to-date modern buildings of the unit type and unilaterally lighted have been constructed at Clarkston, and Emory University. Bond issues have been passed at Brookhaven and Ingleside and Scottdale, and a recent mass meeting approved a bond issue for Stone Mountain. Immediately Ingleside will begin to erect two first-class grammar schools, using the present building as a Senior High School.
This county is giving to every child a high school opportunity by proffering to each adolescent pupil a grant of two dollars per month as a transportation fee, provided the pupil lives more than three miles from a high school. With a central senior high school in each of the five districts this affords a good arrangement. However, there are here, as in too many other counties, too many schools that are permitted to teach high school subj ects. There are more than seventeen schools in the county attempting to do high school work and most of them are not equipped for such work either in personnel or material equipment. Sixteen of these schools have less than 80 pupils enrolled in high school grades and this small number of pupils is given the time that should rightfully belong to the grammar grade pupils. Such a division of the teacher's time between grammar and high school pupils is absolutely inadequate to sound educational economy.
DeKalb County has done a great work in partial consolidation. It yet needs total consolidation as the number of schools is entirely too large if the schools of the county are to be the most efficient. However, the Superintendent states that some of the smaller schools are being absorbed and that it is the policy of the Board to reduce the number of schools gradually as conditions warrant.
The average salary paid in DeKalb County is entirely too small. How the County can secure the services of some of its best teachers for a salary of $50 per month is a tribute to the loyalty of many of them.
This county levies a county wide tax of 5 miles but there are no local districts levying an additional tax of five mills as is done in many of the counties of the state. If the local districts could secure a local tax of from two to three mills, it would place the county schools upon a much higher plane in every way and contribute largely to the promotion of a still better morale amongst the teachers of the county.
The following recommendations are made: Better salaries for the teachers of the county. More consolidations wisely made. Improvement of teachers now in service.
Development of plans for securing more money for the operation of schools.

DECATUR.

Decatur, the county site of DeKalb, has a most excellent system of seven schools. These schools are doing a fine work and are growing in numbers and efif ciency each year.
The city of Decatur has both a j unior and a senior high school These schools are well equipped and are presided over by efficient teachers who are prepared for the work they attempt to do. In the development of her junior high school, Decatur has enlisted as never before the interest of her adolescents and hopes, through the operation of her present plan to hold a larger precentage than ever before until graduation.
Decatur has commodious buildings well adapted and in her new school at Ponce De Leon Avenue presents a model.

18

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

FORSYTH COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20 Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

11,725

30

11,755

3,687

2,624

617

51

7.4

1910

10,842

1,098

11,940

3,576

2,593

1,386

138

16.8

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
3,445 3,566

Personal

Colored

Total

3,447 3,572
TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

White 49

Colored

Total

49

(

Land

Corporation

Polls

$500,756
Grade
Total.. Number Accelerated.. Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

$1,398,665

$1,869

$1,781

Age-Grade Retardation

I II

III IV

\

VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

703 333 359 46(3 300 292 23T- 83 34 24

2,833

30

8 15 24

4

4

2

1

88

420 125

87 123

57

45

33 16" 6 " 8

3

923

253 200 257 319 239 243 199 67 28 15

2 1,822

5

2

4

5

111

4

4

59

38

22

27

19

16

14 19" 18" 33 60~~

32

36

60

74

68

80

83

85 81 82 63 40

64

7.4 9.4 11.1 11.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.1 17.0 17.0 17.7 1.4 1.4 2.1 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.1 2.0 1.0 0.7

<

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

19

RECORD OF FORSYTH COUNTY BY
I. S. Smith, Supervisor, March, 1924.

SCHOOL
dimming Brandywine Friendship Hopewell Sharon Bethlehem. Center Grove Ducktown Ebenezer Elmo Harmony Grove. Hightower... _ Itlez Liberty Longstreet Mot Oak Grove Pisgah. Porter Silver City. Antioch Bacon Beaver Ruin Bethel CoalMt Cross Roads Daves Creek Harris Grove Longview Mayfield . . Mt. Zion New Hope Pine Grove Pleasant Grove. Salem Setter Down Shady Grove Silver Shoals Spot

a

eg



PI m a

si js

a

do

a 3o8

CO

P 03 to

nW

7 6 7 6 6 6 6 6 6
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
6+

$ 5,820 1,200 1,750 1,170 1,015 480 420 450 480 450 480 480 540 450 480 510 540 420 450 420 360 240 330 300 360 360 360 300 330 450 300 360 360 360 300 360 390 360 360
$24,545

9 4
2 81

11 9 9 9 9 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 7
7 7 7 6 5 7 7 7 7 7 6 7 6 7 8 7 7

99

44

4

1

4

2

4.

4

2.

2

2. 2

2 . __. 2

21 1

2 ..... 2

21 1

2 ... 2

211

2 ... 2

2 ... 2

211

22

2 ... 2

... 2

... 2

1

72 22 4 ...
22 4.
2 .. 2 ..
2 ..

4 .... 8 361... _D

3 10

166... _E

12

144. . E

24

88... .E

23

110... .E

2

63... _E

2

51... .E

1

81... _E

2

68... .E

2

73... E

2,

87... E

2

68... E

1

70. . E

2

69... E

1

E

1

... 71... E

2

... 62... E

2

-. 83... E

2

-. 53. . .E

1

... 87... .E

... 45... _E

... 1

-- 65... .E

... 1 ... 1

... 47... E ... 38... E

-- 58... E

.. 49. . E

-- 49... E

-- 58... E

... 34... .E

. 1.

... 36... D ... 36... E

-. 36... .B

4 . ... 69... .E

"i"

1 . ... 36... _E 2 . -. 47... E

... 1

... 31. . E

... 47... D

11

-- 45... E

-- - 1 .. 1 4 74 37 37 57 17 50 53

... 51... E 8 2,812... E

AA
DD
DD
DC CD
EE
DE
DE
EE
EE
EE
DE EE EE DE EE EE DE EE EE DE EE EE DE EU DE EE EE EE EE DE DE EE DE EE DE EE DE DE D- - E-f-

REPORT ON FORSYTH COUNTY SURVEY. BY
I. S. Smith.

Many of the schools of Forsyth County are in splendid condition, though in some sections consoli-

dation is badly needed.

u

Forsyth is one of the few counties in the state that does not have any colored population The white people have to depend upon their own labor to make and harvest their crops. This being true it is verv necessary that the Superintendent and Board exercise much care as to the selection of the time when their children can best attend school and conflict least with their duties on the farm. This is being done to some extent and their average shows up splendidly.

It would be wise for the Superintendent and Board to exercise the utmost care in selecting a better

trained teaching maintained.

force

and

stimulate

a

sentiment

for

more

local

district

aid

that

such

a

force

mav*

hPB

Many of the schools are badly in need of better equipment. The County High School at Cumming is

an excellent school with a good building and equipment. It offers a splendid example of what might he

done in many other places in the couty.

s

20

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

GWINNETT COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18

Attending Over 10

16-20

Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920 1910

26,094 24,393

4,233 4,431

30,327 28,824

9,476 8,685

6,564 6,066

2,499 3,334

195 323

11.5 16.4

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
7,688 8,097

Personal

Colored

Total

White

1,435

9,123

228

1,275

9,273

55

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
142 36

Total
370 91

Polls

$1,649,175

$5,085,536

$1,725,772

Age-Grade Retardation

$3,428

Grade
Total NumbeJ Accelerated... Number Normal.. Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

I
1,501 74 878
549 5
58 37 7.4 0.4

II
895 38 406 451
4 46 50
9.0 1.0

m
847 34 343 470
4 41 55 10.2
1.2

IV
885 35 326 524
4 37 59 11.4
1.4

V
748 30 232 486
4 31 65 12.8
1.8

vi
601 21 189 391
4 31 65 13.7
1.7

vn
498 15 113 370
3 23 74 15.2
2.2

vm
211 11 75 125 5 36 59 15.4 1.4

n
151 10 67 74
7 44 49 15.9
0.9

x xi Total

134 11 67 56
8 50 42 16.6
0.6

63 6,534

4

283

32 2,728

27 3,523

6

4

51

42

43

54

17.7

0.7

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

21

RECORD OF GWINNETT COUNTY. BY

J. O. Martin, Supervisor, April, 1924.

SCHOOL

a

c

a>

m

o

at as M

as

m3

P as

*Lawrenceville

-- -- 9

$12,880 16 11 14 14

14

268. ...B A A

*Lawrenceville Factory

9

450 1 3 1 1

29. ...E E E

*Buford

9

16,900 20 11 17 17 *' 17 ....

2 15 790. ...E B A

Norcross

9

8,550 12 11 11 11

10 1

4 14 401. ...C B A

Duluth..

9

5;3i2 7 11 7 6

61

7 260. ...D *E D

Grayson

..-- 9

8,070 8 11 8 8

44

280. ..D C A

Snellville

9

6>020 10 11 8 8

8 ...

319. ...E A A

Dacula

9

3,285 5 11 5 5

5 ...

189. ...E B D

Centerville

6|

1,692 3 10 4 3

31

150. ...E E E

Glover....

6i

1,235 3 7 3 2

12

6 .. 119. ...E D E

Oak Grove

7

942 3 7 3 3

12

1 .. 116. ..C D E

Pleasant Hill

ei

1,104 2 7 3 2

3 ...

1 .. 125. ...E E D

Suwanee

9

1,600 4 10 3 3

12

3 .. 103. -_E C D

Sweet Gum

6f

1,575 3 8 3 3

3 ...

1 ..

10. ...E C E

Alcova..

6i

747 2 7 2 2

2 ...

3 ..

79. ...E D E

Bay Creek..

6

902 2 7 2 2

2

5 .... 102. __E D D

Beaver Ruin

6

1,225 2 7 2 2

2 ... 1 6 ..

70. ,.-E D E

Bethesda

6J

2822

2.

i

75. ...E E E

Braden

7

910 2 7 2 2 _

2.

2

98. ...E E E

Duncan Creek

6J

747 3 8 2 1 1 2 .. 1

83. ...E E E

Five Forks..

6i

715 2 7 2 1 1 1 1 2 6 ..

98. ...E D E

Garner

6i

814 2 7 2 2

1 1 ?.

61. __E E D

Glenn

6i

812 2 7 2 2

2.

1 4 1 51. _.D D D

Gravel Springs

6

455+ 2 7 2 2

111

77. ...E E E

GwinnettHall

6i

805 2 7 2 2

2 ...

83. ...E E E

Harmony

6

800 2 7 2 1 1 2 . . ?,

83. ...E D E

Harris Academy

6J

780 2 7 2 1 1 2 ... 1

113. E

Hog Mountain

6i

600 2 7 2

2 . ... 2 2

88. _.E D D

Hopewell

6i

.18 2 2

2 .. 2 1

77. ...E E E

Ivy Creek

6J

682 2 7 2 1 1 . ... 2 ?,

72. _.E D E

Jackson's Academy

6

421 17 2 1 1 1 1 ?.

50. ...E E E

Lenora

6f

705 2 7 2 1 1 2 .. ?,

65. ...E D E

Level Creek

6J

940 2 7 2 2 __ 2 ... 2 4 .

86. ...E D D

Liberty

6

910 2 7 2 1 1 2

1

87. ...E D D

Lilburn

6i

682 2 6 2 1 1 2 ... 1 5

48. ...C D D

Lowery's

7

560+ 2 7 2 2

2 ... 1

64. ...E D E

Luxomni

6i

812 2 7 2 2 . .. 2 ... 1 7

85. ...E D D

Meadow Mechanicsville

6| ei

807 2 7 2 2

2.

930 2 7 2 1 i 2

?, 1 5 ..

74. __E D D 85. ..E D D

Midway

6i

747 2 7 2 2 _ _ 2

2 5 .... 53. ...D D D

Oakland

7

907 2 7 2 1 1 2 .

1

112. -_E D E

Old Field

6*

650 2 7 2 1 1 2 .. 2

47. ..E E E

Ozora

6i

785 2 7 2 2 _

2.

23

48. ,_E E E

Pittman..

6i

943 2 9 2 1 1 1 1 1 5

66. ..O E D

Rocky Branch

6i

755 1 6 2 2

112

73. ._E E E

Rosebud

7

2 7 2 1 1 2 ... 1 3 ..

73. ..E D E

SugarHill

7

845~ 2 6 2 1 1 2 .

11

117. ..E E ~F

Trinty

6J

785 2 7 2 2

112

59. _.E D D

Union

6

747 2 7 2 1 i 2 ...

4.

66. ..D C C

Vance's Cross Roads

6J

750 17 2 1 1 1 1 2 3

60. ..E E C

Walnut Grove

. 6i

443 17 2 2

112

54. ..E E D

ZionHill

6i

812 2 7 2 2

2

4 ..

89. ..E C E

Bermuda

6i

557 1 10 1 1

1

20. ..B D D

Brown's

6i

357 1 5 1 1

1

i

34. .E E E

Brushy Fork

6

325 17 1

11

2 ..

39.. .E D E

Carter's

6|

330 1 6 1 "i"

... 1 1

39. _E E E

Craig's

6

330 1 7 1 1

1

i

39. _.E D E

McKendree

6J

17 11 _ 1

1

37. ..E D E

New Prospect

_. 6J

357" 1 7 1.

11

1

46. ..E D D

Old Suwanee...

6

700 2 6 1*1

1

31. _.E D D

Rabbit Hill

_. 6J

358 1 7 1 1 -- 1 .. 1

32. __E E E

Prospect

6|

357 1 7 1 1

1

37. _.E E D

White Oak

6i

357 1 6 1 1

1

46. ..E E E

6+ $100,573 181 177 152 25 149 28 100 100 44 6 ,530.. ..E+D D--

*New unit-type one-story brick building being constructed.

22

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

REPORT ON GWINNETT COUNTY SURVEY. BY
J. O. Martin.

naturSwT^^T^ ***,? "?* SCh1S aveTa^^ one to every 6.9 square miles. Such a mulitplicity

nooriv kLT 3

T^;1 l0W aVerage tendance, a high percentage of age-grade retardation,

I So mTM 6qTP SCh01 bulWlngs' and a low Percentage of high school and college enrollment,

to othei"^tte?

^

ytr^edteaCherSandaSl^^0f teaohersftomsoh001 t0 sch001 and

Lawrericeville is in the center of the county and should be a county senior high school, but it is an

Progress

' ^ ^ * ^ W TMUiB* ^ "" Sh01 to Wel1 managed and the -cords show much

have ZZTIf T & ^^ ^ SCh01 f eleV6n gradeS wMch llkewise is anIndependent school. They of exceuency SUPenntendent dUring a long Period of ^ars. He has put the school on a very high plane

r^r^T8011^ the+ufty M^h sch001 and has done a valuable service in teacher-training. Fifty-four

them are

?* 2* teacher"tralning course. Twenty-four of these had previously taught; forty of

ggooood dwworok rmk^Dnomne^sttic

S,gc-iaenncde, T Ag^ ric'ul^turefantdh6inma

aTe in
Thrift

SG avw inignsnaecttcoCuonutn^

TMs

school

has done

I

hbuJm dmSgl.6nT Beseidetshaenlaerngt+lhSuticsoanstsioclifdaactueldtyscthh0e0y1htaovtehea

county. They well-organized

have a beautiful one-story unit-type Parent-Teacher Association

The schools of Norcross and Duluth show a high percentage of class-room efficiency borne of the small schools are doing excellent work.

and nntTJr18 T T teaC*eTS of tne county organized a Traveling Library. This has been enlarged SE chooS l SuperiPnT tendent,.PTIt?istoon nemoftthheeiSrCghrea1StetshtrasUsegths.the Careful direction and efforts of the County

The educational qualifications of the teachers are as follows: 1 has completed seventh grade. 4 have completed eighth grade. 8 have completed ninth grade. 19 have completed tenth grade
64 have completed eleventh grade. 22 have completed normal schools.

16 have attended normal schools one year. 26 have college degrees. 2 are junior college graduates. 15 are college under-graduates. 35 have taught in the county one year. 85 are teaching their first year in this position.

54 who have high school training are teaching their first year here. The following recommendations are made:
Tnat tnIs suTMey be followed up with detailed recommendations with reference to consolidation, etc., the improvement of the present buildings that are thought to be permanent and the construction of a
given number of junior high schools in the county.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

23

WALTON COUNTY.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

16-20

Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

14,500

9,715

24,215

7,610

4,511

3,310

325

18.8

1910

15,321

10,070

25,391

7,581

4,882

3,610

385

20.2

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

4,103

2,733

6,836

49

156

205

1923

4,170

2,289

6,459

14

93

107

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$1,354,978
Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

$3,396,765

$257,938

Age-Grade Retardation

$3,870

I
641 16
385 240
2 60 38 7.3 0.3

II
398 16
186 196
3 60 37 8.9 0.9

III
405 21 164
220 5
41 54 10.2
1.2

IV
427 11
161 255
3 37 60 11.5
1.5

V
335 5
121 209
2 36 62 12.5 1.5

VI
262 11
100 151
4 38 58 13.4
1.4

VII VIII

257 8
102 147
3 40 57 14.3
1.3

236 5
84 147
2 36 62 15.5
1.5

IX
153
41 112
27 73 17.2 2.2

X
140 10 52 78 7 37 56 17.2 1.2

XI Total

114 2
47 65
1 41 58 18.2
1.2

3,368 105
1,443 1,820
3 43 54

24

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF WALTON COUNTY.
BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor, April, 1924.

SCHOOL

fMonroe High

9

Monroe Grammar

9

Johnston Inst

9

Social Circle

9

Social Circle No. 2

_." 9

Loganville

9

Good Hope

9

Jersey

~g

Walnut Grove_ Youth

"". 8 7}

Arnold Inst

__l'_ 7

Between

*~ 8

Bold Spring

."" 7

Braswell

~7

Campton

'.'."'." 7

Cow Pens

~~~ 7

Double Springs

~~~~ 8

Ebenezer

"7

MountainAcad

'."".II" 7

Mt. Vernon

_" 8

Piney Grove

...--'.'.". 7

Pleasant Valley

~" 8

Sharon

"_ "" 7

Sorrell's Springs.."."I""]""""" . 7J

Union

7

Walker Bennett ........... 8

Harmony

... 7

Hawkins

"" 7

Ivey's Academy Malcom's

..."'.. 7 7

Mt. Carmel

~~"~ 8

Walker Harris

8

Whatley

*~" 8

Windsor

~ """

7

A. & M. Prep...

9

|5th Dis. A. & M.

"

9

a

a 01 a

4-> 0>

3 < <n P m03

wit

tt) M >>

><s> j*oi
03

aS be

a
0

O

4^ 6
W

a

02

a

a =*?J>cl

01
aa

go "3

m

$ 5,560 8 11

5

3

7

9

9

1,755

3

2.

2

5,630

11

1 77

2,925

6

4

4

4,680

11

617

3,465

11

5 .. 4

2,480

10

324

1,070 2 7

3

1

1,280 3 9

2

550 2

1

1,000 2

1

805 2

... 2 2

595 2

... 2 1

875 2

2

2

630 1

2 ... 2

920 2

111

805 2

111

874 2

2 ..

960 2

11

862 2

11

1,000 2

2 ...

845 2

2 ..

735 2

... 2

805 2

11

1,000 2

2 ._

420 1

1

420 2

1

420 1

1

420 1

1

480 1 6

1

480 3 7

1

480 1 7

1 ..

420 1 7

1

540 2 7

1

18,915 11 8 11 12 12

12

$65,101 102 . ...105 79 26 82

2 1
... 1 2
23 53

117... _C A A

251... .B B B

108 . _B D C

3 15 190... .A A A

144... .E

B

'."" 173... .B

B

2

144... .E

B

4 ... 282... D

B

3

58... _E E D

11

115... .E E D

------- 81... _E E E
84... D D D

4

76. _. _D E D

60... .D C D

111... .E E D

96... .E E D

5

88... .E E D

68... .E D D

63... .E D D

71... .E E D

96... .E D D

59... D D D

73... ,E D D

73... .E D D

71...

D

2

40...

D

44... _D D D

45. __ _E E D

27 . _D D D

2 ..

38... _E E D

4 ._

41... _D D D

46... .D C D

45... _E E D

24... -E D D

10

44... .D D D

39 257... _E A A
65" 64 3,408. D--D + D+

REPORT ON WALTON COUNTY SURVEY. BY
J. O. Martin. There are 86 pupils from Walton County attendintg the Monroe A and M. School The advantages obtained here are as good as can be had at any school of this kind. They are of a high type. There are 37 children from the county attending the Monroe High School. The departments of Domestic Science and Domestic Art for the girls and Manual Training for the boys indicate progress. The school is well organized. Jersey has a new unit-type building Five schools have been consolidated here. Good Hope has built a unity-type one-story building. It has done a good service in the consolidation of grades from near-by schools.
The high schools at Logansville and Social Circle are well organized. The Mill school at Social Circle is one of the best schools of its kind.
Walnut Grove needs a new school building, and will perhaps build one within the next term. The teachers of the county show a higher percentage of professional training than is ordinarily found. This fact is evidenced in the careful, painstaking and thorough work found in the ma] ority of the schools.
The greatest need of the county is that of consolidation. The County Board and Superintendent are working out this plan.
With the Monroe High and the A. and M. School serving as Senior HighSchools and with such valuable contributions as the proposed surrounding Junior High Schools, wonderful improvement will be made.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

25

TROUP COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20

Per Cent

Years

School

Years

Years

1920

19,131

16,965

36,096

10,422

7,427

4,695

488

18.3

1910

10,827

15,399

26,226

7,892

4,838

4,468

481

23.3

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

1918 1923

White
5,107 5,935

Personal

Colored

Total

White

4,912 5,814

10,019

45

11,749

34

TAXABLE VALUE 1988.

Land

Corporation

Colored
248 370

Total 293 404
Polls

$6,603,493
SCHOOL
*fLaGrange High *South West LaGrange. *Dawson Street 'HUEDaanursinwttsyLeolnalGAMrvialenl ge *West Point *Hogansville Center MountvUle... Big Springs Gray Hill Oak Grove... Pleasant Grove Pleasant Hill Tatum Harrison vhle Midway Mount Hill Pool's Mill... Salem Union Chapel..

$5,853,078

$1,714,372

RECORD OF TROUP COUNTY SURVEY.
BY J. M. Starr, Supervisor, April, 1924.

$4,094

g

aa9at

H

GO

a

M

CD

soo
tf
6 fc

m
CD
O uas O

ft
O s

d 5

a
GO

W P8a)

tis. License
ntls. 2+
Experience
8--

aa

H

an)

CD >>

ft

r-1 S3 is

a

ao

o (4

Am a

o H

4* O
.a
1 GO

U

1 0

1

3

II M
<

m

IT
H

9 $ 26,020 16 7-11 18 18 18

8

371 O A A

9

20,210 19 9 21 21 18 3 3 33 1 591 E A A

9

12,720 11 6 12 10 2 12

9

385 D A A

9

15,900 15 7 15 15 15

6

538 B A A

9

7,590 8 6 8 8

712

291 D B A

9

9,255 9 6 10 10

555

358 D B A

9

4,020 4 4 4 3 14

2

86 E B A

9

11,460 12 11 12 12 12

2 1 60 339 A B A

9

9,380 16 11 11 11

926

393 E B A B

8

3,125 4 10 5 5

3 2 5 4 5 108....O A B

8

2,880 3 11 4 4

3 1 1 2 5 136 E O B O

8

2,280 4 10 3 3

3

2 2 2 102 O D E

8

2,080 5 9 3 3 .... 2 1 3 2

100 E A B

8

1,880 4 10 3 2 13

11

88 E B D

8

2,280 3 9 2 3 .... 3

31

65 D O B

8

2,280 3 11 3 3

2 1 3 2 1 74 B A O

8

1,360 4 9 3 3

2 1 2 5 1 66....O A O

8

600 1 8 1 1 .... 1 .... 1 4 2 38....D D D

8

600 2 8 1 1

114

35....E O D

8

400 1 5 1

1

11

13 B D D

8

600 1 6 1 1

1 .. 1 2

16 O D D

8

720 2 10 1 .... 1 1 .... 1 7 6 35....E O D

8

600 1 8 1

11

1 1.

29....E D D

8+ $138,240 148 ] L44 137 7 125 19 69 71 83 4,257__._D+D--B-

26 Grade

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF TROUP COUNTY. Continued. Age-Grade Retardation

II in IV

VI VII VIII IX

1
XI Total

Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

862 562 509 567 473 341 275 237

22 20 17

4 34 21 11 12

555 338 230 145 207 167 151 130

285 204 262 418 232 153 113 95

34317645

64 60 45 25 44 49 55 55

33 36 52 74 49 45 41 40

7.3 8.4 10.7 11.8 11.9 12.8 13.6 14.6

0.3 0.4 1.7 1.8 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.6

201 5
137 59 3 68 29 15.3 0.3

150 4
104 42
3 69 28 16.4 0.4

108 3
79 26
3 73 24 17.4 0.4

4,285 153
2,243 1,889
4 52 44

REPORT ON TROUP COUNTY. BY
J. M. Starr.

Troup County has 14 white schools and 40 negro schools, and three municipal systems: Hogansville, LaGrange, and West Point. During the past four years four spendid consolidations have been made and nice modern buildings erected. These schools have loyal, capable, enthusiastic teachers, and pupils of a wonderful school spirit which will be of inestimable value to Troup County.
Other consolidations in the northern part of the county should be made, as contemplated by the school authorities. This is the only practical economical way in which the children in that part of the county may get their just quota in educational advantages.
More teaching equipment is much needed in many of the county schools,--maps, globes, charts, sand tables, etc.
A County Home Demonstration Agent could be of inestimable value to all of Troup County schools. The schools of LaGrange are in a prosperous condition, well organized, supervised, and well kept. West Point has a most splendid school with an unusually high percentage of the enrollment in the high school and Hogansville is doing good work,--developing into an excellent school.

UNITED STATES CENSUS.

LAURENS COUNTY.

<

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

21,004 17,956

18,601 17,544

39,605 35,500

12,523 11,187

8,252 6,333

5,371 5,713

601 724

19.0 23.3

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918 1923

5,754 6,697

Personal

5,766

11,520

67

5,190

11,887

13

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

364

431

50

63

Polls

$2,647,855

$8,330,480

$892,881

$3,821

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

27

RECORD OF LAURENS COUNTY SURVEY. BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor, April, 1924.

SCHOOL

*fDublin High...

__

9

Calhoun Street

9

Johnson Street

9

*Saxon

9

Brewton Consolidated

9

*Rentz

8

Dudley

8

Buckhorn

8

Cedar Grove

7

New Bethel

7

Poplar Springs.

8

Bethsaida

8

*Caldwell

8

Condor Consolidated

7

*Dexter

7

Lovett.

8

Montrose

8

Nameless High _

7

Baker

8

Blue Springs

7

Marie

7

New Salem

8

Pine Forest

7

White Springs

7

Alcorn

8

Browning

_. 7

ChappellMill

7

Dorming

8

Evans

7

Grimsley

8

Harmony

8

Hurricane

7

Mullus

8

Olive Grove

8

Peace

7

Pine Grove

7

Piney Mt

8

Spivey

8

Thaggard's

7

Bay Creek

7

Berry

8

Batsan

7

Centerville

8

Excelsior

8

Lowery

............. 7

Mt. Zion

7

New Hope

7

New Tweed

7

OakDale

7

Olivet

8

Pearley

7

Rockledge

_. 8

Silver Leaf

._. . 7

SpringHill

7

Wood's

7

7+

-*->

no op
"C
03
--4
M

03
o .2 i
P 03

I OP
P.0B M
H

IuS fj
t>>
M 03

a >>

+f3i

a 03 M

8

w

oH do 'A

a
H

tv a
4^

3 tf

OJ rt

io 03
O
O
O)

3aa

D"

03 < PQ

$18,715 13 3-11 13 13

13

3 45 279 A C A A

7,180 13 8 9 9

9

308 B B A A

6,705 8 7 8 8

8

323 A C B A

5,905 7 6

6

246 A D B A

8,109 6 11

6

1

178 C D A A

5,945 6 11

6

.... 3 114. ...C B B

4,000 6 11

16

.... 6 169 D C B A

2,736 4 9 5

44

1

158....E O D

1,869 4 10 5

12

17

167....E D D

2,023 4 10 5

14

2 2 101 O B B

2,936 4 10 5

14

114 D D E B

2,248 4 10 4

24

124 E C c B

2,456 3 10 4

23

115 E D B C

1,134 4 10 4

13

116 E B D

2,475 4 11 4

13

123 C D D

2,816 4 11 4

14

129 D D C C

3,285 4 10 4

24

112 C D B

1,876 4 11 4

231

105....E B D

1,528 3 7 3

23

96... .E D D

1,435 3

3

121

82....E D D

1,554 3 9 3

13

34E..C C C

1,808 3 9 3

23

88--.E 0 c

1,456 3 9 3

13

109_ ..C D E

1,519 3 10 3 520+ 2 7 2

21
"i" 2

96.. _.E D D 81.. __E D C

770 2 8 2

I2

41. _ ..E D D

945

10 2

I11

59__ ..D D D

1,080

82

I.

48__ ..E E D

819

72

I

59.. __E D D

880

72

I

47. _ ..D D E

880

2

2

56__ -E D D

840

2

848

o

46.. ..0 D E 59....E E D

1,048

3

50....E D C

945

2

2.

72 E C D

952

2

1

57_--E E E

896

2

1

37 E E E

880

2

2 ..

43....E E E

742

2

1

53.. __E D D

455

1

1 ..

30 E D D

480

1

1 ..

34 E E E

392

1

1 ..

35....E E E

520

1

1.

41. ...E D D

560

1

19 E E D

420

1

36....E E E

392

1

31 E D E

420

1

26....E E E

392

1

1 ..

58 D E E

420

1

1 ..

42 D E D

560

1

1 ..

35....D E E

392

1

1 ..

33 E E D

480

1

1 ..

27 C E E

420

1

1 ..

40....D E D

420

1

1 ..

51 E E E

392

1

20 E E E

$95,033 165 ... 170 124 46 141 29 95 67 73 4 ,852....D- D+D+

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF LAURENS COUNTY. Continued. Age Grade Retardation

Grade

II III IV

VI VII VIII IX

XI Total

Total

-.- 1,208 648 737 569 525 412 371

Number Accelerated.... 73 25 27 23 33 16 18

Number Normal

813 342 334 215 192 148 135

Number Retarded

322 281 376 331 300 248 218

^Accelerated

6

4

3

4

6

4

5

%Nirmal

67 53 46 38 37 36 36

%Retarded

27 43 51 58 57 60 59

MedianAge.. ..

7.1 8.7 10.0 11.3 12.3 13.4 14.3

Med. Retardation

0.1 0.7 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3

259 141 110 82 5,062

6

5

7

1 234

119 76 68 55 2,497

134 60 35 26 2,331

2

3

61

4

46 54 62 67

50

52 43 32 32

46

15.0 15.7 16.4 17.6

1.0 0.7 0.4 0.6

REPORT ON LAURENS COUNTY.
BY
J. O. Martin.
In order to visit all the schools of Laurens County the County School Superintendent must travel two thousand miles or more. One man does this.
There are 59 white schools and 42 colored schools, totaling 101. There are 4,853 white children enrolled, 5,190 colored'children enrolled, totaling 10,042 children. There are 170 white teachers and 61 colored teachers -totaling 231. Think of it. One man is charged with the responsibility of superintending, supervising, and managing all of these schools. This accomplishment is beyond the human powers of one person.
Hence the schools will never be much better than they are now until the superintendent is given one, two, or three assistants who will aid in consolidating schools and supervising them. The present Superintendent has made notable consolidations in three communities, but this is only a small beginning as com pared with what is actually needed.
The Superintendent and teachers are to be commended for the good work that they are endeavoring to do under given conditions.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

29

BROOKS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

1920 1910

Population

White

Colored

10,291 9,746

14,247 14,086

Total Children

Total
24,538 23,832

6-18 Years
7,979 7,549

Attending School
5,579 4,092

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

Illiterates

Over 10 Years
3,943 4,203

16-20 Years
496 508

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

Per Cent
22.3 25.3

White

1918

3,117

1923

3,129

Personal

Colored

Total

White

4,561 4,360

7,678

83

7,489

17

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored
438 116

Total
521 133

Polls

$1,941,178

$5,287,485

$673,834

RECORD OF BROOKS COUNTY SURVEY.
BY Roland Bower, Supervisor, April, 1924.

$2,375

SCHOOL
QuitmanHigh Quitman Grammar QuitmanMill Barwick Morven Barney Dixie OakHill Palmetto SandHill Empress lone Midway Aldai... Buelah Evergreen Mt. Olifi River Bend.. Rocky Ford Union Cates Groverville Hickory Head Hunter River Hill. Spring Hill

a00
o H
P*

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3

-1 51

tf

is

do 55 2

a

9

$11,895 16 7-12 8 8

8

348.

AA

9

12,600 14 6 14 14

14

342.

AA

9

1,125 2 5 2 2

11

96.

OO

9

6,870 10 11 10 10

8

... 3 332. ...D O A

5

4,950 9 11 9 9

... 3 325. ...D A A

6

3,010 8 10 6 6

6

1 3 218. ...E A+A

5

2,425 6 10 6 6

42

2 1 180. ...E O O

6

1,700 4 9 4 3 1 4

5 1 125. ...E O O

5

1,550 4 8 4 2 2 4

3

129. ...D D D

5 6

1,675 4 10 4 4 1,290 3 9 3 3

4 21

... 1 122. ...E D B 2 .... 67. -- D C D

6

1,350 3 8 3 2 1 2 1

75. ...E D O

6

1,320 3 9 3 3

3

92. E D B

5

725 2 7 2 1 1 2

50. ...C D O

5

650 2 9 2 2

2

1 ..

34. ...D D D

6

840 2 8 2 2

11

50. ...B C D

5

775 2 9 2 2

2

36. E D B

5

725 2 7 2 2

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5

800 2 8 2 1 1 2

36 ...O ... .D

6

920 2 8 2 2

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53. --D C O

5

325 1 7

1

1

22 ...E ... .D

5

350 1 10

11

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18 ...D E D

5

350 1 8

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5

225 1 7

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300 1 7

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5

350 1 7

11

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29

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5+ $59,095 106 .... 96 85 11 85 11 45 29 13 2,883 ...D--C+C

30

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

BROOKS COUNTY (Continued)

Grade
Total Number Acclerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

Age Grade Retardation

I
8i2 27 584 201 3 75 25 6.9 .

II
629 11 341 277 2 54 44 8.9 09

III
538 23 263 252 4
49
47 9.9 09

IV
519 25 237 257 5 46 49 10.9 0.9

VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

521 24 187 310 4 36 60 12.4 1.4

386 15 103
268 4 27
69 14.0
2.0

346 21 101 224 6 29
65 14.3 1.3

119 74 33 25 2212 44 24 16 9 73 48 16 14 2328
37 32 49 36 61 65 49 56 15.5 16.4 16.9 17.9
1.5 1.4 0.9 0.9

4,002 153
1,909 1,940
4 48 48

REPORT OF BROOKS COUNTY. BY
Roland Bower.

Brooks County is situated in the Southwestern part of the State, The land is reasonably level with fairly good roads, making consolidation a possibility.
Originally there were thirty-eight white schools in the county, besides the Quitman Independent bystem. Within the last two years twenty-three schools have been consolidated into eight Senior and Junoir High Schools, as follows:
Morven and Barwick in the northern part of the county, 11 grades. Barney, Dixie, Palmetto, and Sandhill, 10 grades. Oak Hill, Palmetto, and Express, 9 grades.
The Junior High Schools are well distributed over the county, but there is no Senior High School in the southern part of the county. Therefore, the County Board should make arrangements with the Quitman High School to take care of the high school children from these Junior High Schools
Barwick, Morven and Barney have brick buildings and ample play grounds. Most of the other county schools are rather restricted in their playground area. Barney is by far the best type of building in the county. It is an ideal school building and would do credit to a much larger community.
The equipment in the three large consolidated schools is good and sufficient for the work, but as a general rule the small schools are not so well equipped.
As practically all of the schools were out, it was impossible to make adequate tests on achivement in the school work. With the exception of Barwick, which operates a nine months school, the school term has been cut to five and six months on account of the fact that the County Board was somewhat in debt This would make it impossible for the children to make necessary progress in their school work.
The County-Board has rules affecting the licenses of teachers, requiring that they have first and second grade licenses and teach within the branches authorized by their licenses. The records show that more than 50% of the teachers have been in service for two years or more.
There are forty-four negro schools in the county. Twenty-two of these are taught in school-buildings, of which twelve are above the average for the negro schools, in buildings and equipment in rural districts. One of these occupies a Rosenwald school building and the other eleven, though not well planned for school purposes are substantial frame buildings. These twelve schools are doing fairly good work All other negro schools are taught in lodge rooms or churches, and the equipment is negligible.

RECOMMENDATIONS.

All titles to school property should be made to the County Board of Education. All school property, titles to which are in the name of the Board, should be insured at the expense of the County Board.
The County Board should make arrangements with the Quitman High School to take care of the graduates of the J nior High Schools from the southern part of the county.
An active Attendance Officer should be employed in both County and City Systems. There is no Board of Health, but there should be examinations and correction of defects while children are of school age.
The County Board has taken large sums from the operating funds to help certain schools with their buildings. It is doubtful whether this is good policy. In any case, this should be equitably distributed if done at all. These funds belong to all the schools proportionate to their valuations and the number of children.
The consolidations should be continued as there are too many small schools. However, this will re-

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

31

quire careful planning to insure that the consolidations are self sustaining and able to function properly All local tax districts should levy the limit wherever necessary to provide at least an eight months'
term. The people of Brooks County have not yet thoroughly awakened to the necessity of broader educa-
tion for their children. The County Superintendent is to be commended for his earnest efforts towards progressive school
development.
QUITMAN
Quitman has a good Public School plant, composed of three buildings for white children. The Grammar School was built in 1912, and is a substantial two story brick building, with good equipment. The High School building is a new two story brick building more modernly planned and equipped. The buildings are clean, the floors oiled and kept in good sanitary condition. The play grounds are ample, well shaded and beautifully kept. The Mill School is housed in a wooden building furnished by the mill owners. This building is a church house and therefore, does not measure up to the school house standards. The city schools proper, are organized under a corps of very capable and efficient teachers, and show evidence of considerable educational progress. The discipline and spirit of the student body are excellent, and impresses one with the idea of absolute confidence and co-operation between teachers and children. The school furnishes the children all their text books under a rental plan which is good, and this allows the Superintendent to keep the school abreast of the times by changing the text books when needed. The large number of county children in the city schools shows a pleasant co-operation between county and town. On the whole the Quitman City School System will rank as one of the best in Georgia. The Superintendent is to be commended for his excellent organization and the high standard of the work being done. More attention and consideration should be given to the Mill School The building should be repaired and shades furnished for the windows to regulate the lighting. Also, the sanitary conditions are not good. Sanitary closets are badly needed. The bad attendance shows the need of an active Attendance Officer. The colored school should be better supported in regard to salaries of some of the teaching force, and the better repair of the building.

mmmmm

E

Georgia State School Items

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education

N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.

*"~---^

Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under tfraAct of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.

Vol. 1

Atlanta, August 1, 1924

No. 19

HEALTH EDUCATION.
BY
Carleton B. Gibson, Savannah, Georgia.
The health of a nation is its chief asset not measured in money. The wealth producing power of its healthy workers may be indicated by the market value of their products, and thus the industrial man power of a people may be expressed in terms of money. It is a simple problem of arithmetic to determine the annual wealth production of a country's healthy workers.If the average worker produces a thousand dollars of wealth annually, thirty million workers will produce thirty thousand million dollars. And if two million workers are incapacitated by lack of health, the country loses two thousand million dollars annually. This approximates the money value to the world of American sickness, most of which is preventable and, therefore, useless waste. Useless waste is a reflection upon any people or community or family.
But a nation's greatness is not measured by its monetary wealth alone, nor do riches constitute a state. The character of its manhood and womanhood is vastly more important than the sum total of its wealth. Upon the happiness and contentment, the adaptation to environment, the joy of living, the righteous civic and religious relationships of its healthy human beings hinge the permanency and progress of an intelligent people. Particularly is this true of a democracy where the government is of the people and by the people. A sickly people will make a sickly government, and conversely a weak government will not properly care for the health of its people, whether it be the government of a large unit or of a small unit, whether it be the government of a nation or a state or a city or a county. The real efficiency rank of nations and states and municipalities is determined by their conservation and promotion and development of the health of all the people. Though the results may not be so readily discovered and measured, money wisely and effectively expended in promoting universal buoyant stable health will bring larger results than equal sums spent on other governmental undertakings. Health is the mainspring of a state's development, and highways and transportation and industries and education will follow with more intelligent and liberal direction and support.
Fundamental to the health work of a government, large or small, is the health education of the young, most of whom are collected for a large part of training periods in public schools, Good health in maternity, in infancy, In nursery days, and in kindergarten years should be safeguarded and promoted by government, local and otherwise, in the interest of the government, which is of and for all the people.
President Wilbur, of Stanford University, said last year : ' 'The future of the world depends upon the average morality of the world child. Experience shows us that this morality depends largely upon bodily health, and that where we have the wholesome reactions of the growing period, a high general tone can be maintained. If I had the problem of elevating the general moral and mental tone of a backward community I would seek the services of a public health worker even before those of the average teacher. Health education must go forward hand in hand with that of the mind. No program of world peace nor of the world education can hope to succeed until we can fit the human being in any given part of the world into his environment and give him the opportunity for normal bodily development there."
Health education has long been neglected, or at best has been attempted by scrappy, disj ointed, unrelated efforts in many parts of the country where a large part of the human family is concerned. Only in recent years has the Public Health Service of the nation begun to function even in its modest way. The states are beginning to organize their health departments.
Georgia expends annually through its health[board the munificent sum of three cents per capita for the health of its people.Twenty or thirty timesthat sum would be a small expenditure, and not sufficient to bring back annually in vigor and happiness and productivity ten times the amount expended.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
The American Public Health Association has a standing committee on school health education concerned with (1) health protection through sanitation of school plants, physical and mental tests, and control of communicable disease; (2) correction of defects in special classes, free clinics, and follow-up nurse sen ice; and (3) health promotion through hygienic arrangement of daily program, physical activities and health instruction for teachers, pupils and parents. Nutrition clinics in many large cities have shown the value of proper feeding of children and its realtion to child health.
Valuable work has been carried on throughout America by the National Congress of Mothers and Parent-Teacher Associations in promoting child health and in encouraging right health habits especiall > of pre-school children.
Health Education is a comprehensive term and involves all the activities of these organizations and all the health work done in the schools under the head of physical training, directed play, athletics, nutrition, medical inspection and nurse service, dental clinics, mental and physical hygiene, eye tests, and special classes.
Conpetent directors of health education are rare. Special teachers or other persons trained for any one of these activities, and only for one, would be apt to be one-sided in laying out and carrying through a sound program of health education.
The term health for so long applied to the physical condition of the child, is now coming to be recognized as comprising other elements, and the combination of a healthy body and healthy mind, or the personality of the child, is now the unit of consideration.
After all the physical care provided for in ideal circumstances has been applied, after all attempts at re-classification and change of environment have been affected, after all the mentally retarded and feeble minded have been cared for, there still remains the problem children in special classes--whom the teacher knows only too well; the undisciplined, the "lazy," the truant, the timid and over-conscientious, the selfassertive and "hard headed," the lying and stealing child, the bright child who won't work, all the various other mal-adjusted children of the average classroom. The teacher has probably done her utmost for them, given them every possible chance and is now at her wits end It is here that Mental Hygiene, the modern method of "applied psychology," comes to her aid, in considering their traits as "the outward and evident signs of inner difficulties." No longer are the traits exhibited by the child the subj ect for treatment, but the why of the traits, the reason for the mal-adj ustment is sought, and a re-direction or more hygienic development of the trend is brought about. In this connection Miss Jessie Taft, speaking of the development of the mental hygiene point of view, says:
Until we can have in our schools a trained person who can study the individual child at the time of life when he first shows the difficulties, which may later develop into serious handicaps, we will continue to fail completely in many cases and partially fail in many more. We know that these difficulties, left unadjusted at the childhood stage develops into the vast army of the insane, the delinquents, the criminals, the paupers, the nervous breakdowns, the eccentrics, the suicides, and the misfits of life. Mental Hygiene has mapped out a definite preventive program "and the facts call loudly for action." The essential spirit of health and happiness is mental, and the most practical way to increase the mental health of the nation is through the school system, and the application of education to the developing personality. (Inserted for the Mental Hygiene Group of Savannah.)
The matter of control or supervision of school health has been made a subj ect of investigation by the Bureau of Education It is found that 39 states have school health laws. In some of these states the adminstration or control of school health is entirely in the hands of the educational authorities. In others it is a joint control of education and health authorities. In six states the administration is in the hands of health authorities. In three of these six states, however, the local school systems recognize in health administration only the educational authorities. Georgia is listed as a state in which the entire state and local control is in the hands of health boards. The great majority of states have health work directed by educational authorities. Georgia has an unusually good health law in what is known as the Ellis Law. Where this law is administered by thoroughly competent, broad-visioned, fair-minded, capable administrators it seems to be an ideal administration of health education, but these conditions are not easily met. If the health of children collected in the schools is really to be safeguarded and promoted it seems to me there must be joint authority of health experts and educational experts. It is one of the many varied duties of the school superintendent to study the question in its larger aspect, provide for facilities as far as funds at his command will go, and with the assistance of health authorities select and employ capable persons and see that effective health education is given at least to the children of the community.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

3

Of 1,595 cities with 2,500 inhabitants or more, 1,117 or 70 per cent reported supervision by physicians or nurses, or both. The return shows a wide variation in the prevalence of school health supervision. In three states, Massachusetts, New York and New Jersey, 100 per cent of the cities employed physicians or nurses, or both; only 10 per cent of the cities of South Carolina had such service. For the forty-eight states the median was found to be 51 per cent. While in all states there was found to be some cities with health supervision, the state laws have wide range of requirements. In Massachussetts, New York and New Jersey the laws are mandatory. South Carolina and New Mexico have no laws on the subj ect. In many places the only health supervision given was that given by teachers chiefly in making examination of sight and hearing.
The cost of health supervision has been found in this investigation to be least where it was done under the administration of health authorities, and the number of pupils per physician was much larger under such administration than it was found to be under administration of education or joint authority.
The conditions as to health education in rural districts were found to be much worse than in the cities. Only 31 per cent of county units or district schools replying to inqury reported any service by physician or nurse as compared with cities. Employing physicians and nurses is less than one-half as frequent in the rural areas. In such units43 per cent report administrative control by health authorities, 39 percent by school authorities, 13 per cent by voluntary organizations and four per cent did not specify the type of administration. The health work done in rural areas was also found to be largely carried on by voluntary organizations and was in a primitive stage of evolution.
In our state we have a foundation of good health education in the Ellis Health Law. We need the education of the public as to the value of applying such a law, and we also need adequate funds and information on the part of the school authorities.
CERTIFICATION
The Department employed a committee of 15 persons to work under the direction of E. A. Pound, Director Division of Certification, during the past two months.
Since the lithographs have been received, certificates have been issued at the rate of 1, 000 a week plus a life time certificate to every one entitled to same.
The Commercial High School Plant has been used through the kindness of City Board of Education. On account of the opening of the school, this Committee has transferred its activities to the Senate Chamber. When it is realized that a record on each application has to be copied four times, that thousands of letters have to be sent out in order to complete the records and that thousands of high school and college record blanks have to be transmitted and filed with the application, that hundreds of letters more have to be sent in response to inquiries, something of the immensity of the task may be surmised. It will be two or three weeks more before the great number of applications are finally disposed of. Every application and they came in daily--has to be inspected, graded and records made before the certificate is finally sent out.
Some of the graduates of a few normal schools and colleges seem to be under the impression t hat the only thing necessary to secure a state certificate is to have their schools file their names with this department. This letter is to correct such an impression.
In order to secure a certificate, each individual should file an application and send it with one dollar to the State Department of Education.
If you desire a certificate and have not yet sent an application, if you will kindly fill out the enclosed blank and send to this department as directed above, it will be our pleasure to send you a certificate at the earliest possible moment.
Further inquiries as to certificates should be addressed to E. A. Pound, Director Division of Certification, State Capitol.

INDIVIDUAL RECORD BOOK FOR HIGH SCHOOL PUPILS. BY
J. S. Stewart.
The State Board approved a few years ago, a loose leaf record book for high schools. It consists of a permanent binder, and index and 100 sheets for the record of 100 pupils for four years.
These record books should be the property of the board. They should be turned over to the principal at the opening of the school and returned to the County Superintendent in County schools at the close of the school year, with all the records complete for the year before the last salary payment is made.
Pupils in the county Junior High Schools and the Senior High Schools should have the same kind of records kept. The transfer from the smaller high schools to the central school could then be made on the pupil's record.

4

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

If any school doing high school work would keep the prescribed records, much would be accomplished towards systematizing the secondary work in the state. An accredited school must keep permanent records. So must the smaller schools if they wish recognition at the central schools.
The McGregor Company, Athens, Ga., is authorized to furnish these record books complete at $5.00 each, delivered free for cash. Start the school year right by furnishing each of the high schools with the permanent records.

ARRESTED GROWTH OF TEACHERS. BY
J. O. Martin Supervisor.

One of the outstanding problems that confront the child life, in Georgia, today is that of the arrested growth of a large percentage of the school teachers.

The recent school survey shows for 93 counties, whose figures have been tabulated, that 373 or 3j% of the white teachers, have not studied beyond the seventh grade. It further shows that 700 or 6j% have completed only the eighth grade. That 928 or 8J% have finished ninth grade, is also apalling. 1324 or 114% have had tenth grade training only. These percentages total 3325 teachers or 30% whi ch is an average of 37 teachers to each county

These percentages will hold true in the remaining counties whose figures have not been compiled from the survey.

The normal Age-Grade Classification of School children shows the following: A child 12 years of age in seventh grade.

A child 13 years_of age in eighth grade. A child 14 years of age in ninth grade. A child 15 years of age in tenth grade.

A parent would hardly think of sending his child to school to one of of these children, and yet we have this astounding number of teachers attempting to teach children when they, themselves, have no more scholastic training than children of the aforesaid ages have. And, to add insult to injury, these teachers, as a rule, teach the most important grades--those of the one-teacher schools and the primary grades of the two and three-teacher schools. Here we find the greatest percentage of children enrolled. To be plain, they teach where too many people still think that just anybody knows enough to teach the "Little

Fellows." When, as a matter of fact, the best trained teachers should be placed in charge of these grades.

It is useless for people to talk about getting "better teachers." There are none to get, except where
Peter is robbed to pay Paul. We can only get better teachers by training those in service. This invokes the question: "How can that be done."?

It is admitted to be a difficult problem. Many of these persons have been teaching a number of

years and are more or less "set." Many of them have personal obligations and responsibilities that make it difficult for them to spare the time in which to complete their high school training. Then, too, they

do not care to study in classes with children. Others, of the group have "flunked" out of high school and

have no ambition to "go on.' However, for various reasons, many of these teachers have been denied this

privilege which they cherish highly and would welcome the opportunity to pursue higher training, if it were presented to them.

It can be solved in part in the following way:



First, there are now 275 accredited high schools in the state(and the state pays as a bonus to the

County High Schools, more than $100,000.00 for development and maintenance.) There is at least one of these schools within daily reach of practically every teacher numbered in this group.

The County School Superintendent and the principals of these high schools could get in touch with these persons and offer to enroll and classify them as students. They could pursue their studies until their respective schools open--if they found it necessary to teach during the winter. During the time in which

they are teaching, home-study work could be carried on as directed by the principal of the high school,

and the student-teacher could report for reports and examinations at stated times. After their schools "are out" for the term the teachers could return to the high school and complete the grade. This course could be followed until the eleventh grade is completed.

(This plan has the approval of the State School Superintendent and of Dr. Stewart, of the accrediting Committee, and Mr. E. A. Pound, High School Inspector.)

The Grayson High School, under the superintending of Prof. L. F. Herring has already graduated twenty-four teachers in this way.

The Emanuel County Institute at Graymont-Summit, Professor Ernest Anderson, Supt. has also graduated several persons in like manner--See his report in this issue

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

5

The high schools could do this work without any additional expense. These persons enter school with less hesitancy and work with less embarrassment where they are grouped with others of similar experiences. In this manner the gap between them and the children, who may be in the same classes is bridged.
Second, there are many high school plants with dormitory facilities in different sections of the state. These could be readily adapted to the grouping of these persons. This is especially true with the ten district A. & M. schools. In fact, several of the principals of these schools have already expressed a willingness and a desire to give immediate aid in this cause. It is shown that approximately 200,000 children are under the instruction of the aforesaid teachers. The greatest amount of age-grade retardation is found in the schools taught by them. The smallest percentage of children attending high school is found in those communities whose schools are taught by these teaches. Hence we see that if a renewal of high school growth could be brought about on the part of the teacher that it will find a hearty response and reaction in the daily work of the children and a lengthening of their ambition to seek higher training, all of which will tend toward a betterment of life in the communities affected.

THE JULY TEACHERS' INSTITUTES.

During the month of July, 1300 teachers received instruction at the thirteen district Institutes conducted under the direction of the State Department of Education. The Institutes were held at the twelve A. & M. Schools with their respective principals in charge and at Ellijay High School, with Prof. W. P. Martin, Superintendent of the Gainesville Public Schools, in charge.
A faculty of 65 persons divided among the schools gave specific instruction in Primary work, Elementary Reading, Arithmetic, English Grammar, and Geography. Each one of these instructors was selected because he or she had taught that particular subject successfully. In addition there were twenty-five Itinerant Instructors, including the State Supervisors and Superintendents of schools, who gave lectures on other subjects particularly Health, at each school. In this, the state Board of Health, the Georgia State College for Women, the State College of Agriculture, the State University, the State Normal School, the American Red Cross, the Georgia Sunday School Association and the Raoul Foundation, participated.
The following publishing companies also sent instructors to teach their texts, which appear on the state adopted list:
The Wheeler Publishing Co., The Johnson Publishing Co., The Laner-Bloser Co., and The Iroquois Publishing Co. sent representatives to teach.
The State Board of Health also furnished a corps of persons with the Healthmobile, who examined the teachers and children at six of the institutes.
The great majority of the teachers who attended these institutes have never completed the high school grades. They were given the fundamentals in text-book subject matter.
Persons of such limited scholarship are at a loss in an attempt to study in the regular college summer schools. Therefore, these institutes filled a need of long standing. They will also enable the colleges to guide their Curricula to meet the requirements of those students who seek college training.
Perhaps, instruction in the high school subjects will be offered as an additional course in the institutes next year. Credit would be given for work done which could be used toward obtaining a high school diploma from accredited high schools.
During the coming school term, every teacher in the state who has not completed the high school courses should be encouraged to attend one of these institutes next year. We would, of course, not discourage others who might wish to attend.

6

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

CONTINUATION STUDY IN THE GRAYMONT-SUMMIT SCHOOL.
Note. The following letter to Supervisor J. O. Martin, is in reply to one that was written Superintendent Ernest Anderson, of the Emanuel County Institute, of Graymont-Summit. From the letter it will be seen that Mr. Anderson, like Mr. Herring, of the Grayson School, has been doing for several years, the kind of work that is now being urged to be done by all of the high schools of the state for the benefit of those teachers in service in the surrounding communities, who have not completed the high school course. This, of course, is done without detriment to the work that necessarily must be done for those children of school age.

My Dear Sir,
Your recent letter relative to the need of continuation schools, or at least the continuation idea expressed in the schools we already have, was duly received and greatly appreciated.
I have served in my present capacity six years. The records here show that six years ago the student body was made up of children of school age, which was all that was generally expected. They also show that altogether during the past six years we have enrolled and taught in our high school thirty-seven students beyond school age ranging from nineteen to fifty-two. Of these nineteen graduated from high school, eleven of them receiving the State teachers' provisional license.
The above enumeration does not include about twenty of high school age who had stopped school for some cause or other and were reinlisted.
Now, as to the causes for even this much interest in the cause of education on the part of more or less mature folks, I can not say postively in every case. To each individual case there is a story, and in connection with some very interesting stories. I believe that the lessons from the World War have helped to influence the students either directly, or indirectly through the teachers and perhaps parents. Second, the teacher-training course we began to offer in 1921 certainly had a great influence in bringing mature people into the school. Some who had finished high school when only ten grades were offered came back to finish the eleventh, after this Teacher-Training opportunity was provided. Third, athletics helped to hold some boys over eighteen, who otherwise would have stopped. Fourth, military tactics attracted some few boys of the younger set who seemed to have lost interest in school. Sixth, the home economics course was desired by some of the older ones among the girls. Seventh, Vocational Agriculture has enrolled in its courses most of the older boys. Eighth, and most important of all, perhaps, was the personal work of teachers in suggesting to prospective students the educational opportunities being offered, and the personal invitation to, "Come and See." Then some few not counted above came to take music and expression in the school from our special teachers of these courses. In the past two years we have had 25 students in our Twelfth grade, ages 17 to 22.; most of them, however, being of the regularly expected ages.
Now, in order that I may more definitely answer your points in this study let me give you a few of the personal stories: A--A graduate of Swainsboro High School, came here for special training for the Coast Guard School at New London, Conn. We got him in, and he graduates there as First Lieutenant this week.
B--Took post graduate work here as preparation for the Coast Guard School mentioned above. He is there now.
O--Took post graduate work in preparation for West Point, He passed the entrance examination all right.
D.--Graduate of Garfield, and returned World War veteran, who was gassed, being offered cash bonus or education, chose the latter and so graduated here at the age of 24. He entered Georgia School of Technology and has been passed to the Junior class there. He was married when in our school. His wife was a college graduate.
E.--Graduated here in 1922 at the age of 24. Her husband had also been gassed in the war, and she wanted to prepare to teach. She had finished Millen High School some years ago when they ofered only ten grades. She made a splendid record with us, and has been doing well as teacher in an Emanuel County rural school.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
F.--Had stopped school in the ninth grade, and had not been to school in three years when I came here in 1918. He was working at a soda fount in a small drug store. I asked him about coming to school and finishing up. He said he knew he ought to but since all his associates were gone, it would be too embarrassing. I tried to correct his erroneous attitude. I thought I saw possibilities in him. Later one day he asked me if it would be possible for him to get into Dental College. I told him that I would look up his record and do my best for him. He had about nine high school credits, and I recommended that he be given credit in science on account of his experience of two years in drug store, and asked the Atlanta Dental College to give him a trial. He was then 21. They did and he made good. He was there two years, when his father got sick and he returned. By the last of October bis father was well, but he did not have the money. He said he could not go back. Then he asked me if it would be possible for him to earn a high school diploma in a year, if he did not get to go back to college I told him that it were possible and that I would certainly give him the chance, and be very glad to have him. He graduated from high school at 24, and made the best speech that any student has ever written himself, and delivered in my school. The next fall he went back to Atlanta and began to try to help pay expenses by reporting for the Journal. He has now adopted journalism as his profession, and is getting $65 per week as associate editor of the Montgomery Advertiser.
G.--Graduated from the tenth grade in the early days of Emanuel County Institute about 1905. Last year at the age of 34, she entered our eleventh grade and took the teacher-training course as one of her units. She won the highest scholarship in the class of 47 graduates. During the past year she was honored and honored us by teaching very satisfactorily our sixth grade.
H.--Age 22, graduated here last year including in his work the teacher-training course. He taught as principle of a large consolidated school in Long County this past year.
I.--Primitive Baptist preacher, and rural or village school teacher of twenty-five years' experience, doing about six months of his work by correspondence and the rest of the time in class room study was able to finish his high school education and receive a diploma at our commencement last May. He was taught to read at the age of 22 by Prof. W. R. Aldred, who is now Principal of our high school. He has attended several summer schools and plans to take our twelfth grade this winter.
J.--Our regular second grade teacher, took the teacher-training course this past year. Her age is 26.
K.--Age 42, after teaching several years, spent practically all of year before last in our seventh grade. She has been teaching this year.
L.--Age 21, took our business course, and is now getting a good salary in the employ of an Electric Co. in Atlanta.
M.--After being out of school three years entered at 19 in the fall of 1922,
N.--After stopping about two years was induced by my own persuasion to come back to school and graduate. She won honors as reader, caught new inspiration in life, studied hard, was graduated with honorable mention, worked for two years in the Bank of Graymont, and is a real leader in church work and civic and social affairs.
O.--A young lady of 20 came here from Clinch county to take out teacher training course in 1922. She could not even enter our eighth grade, so we planned an elementary review course for her, and allowed her to take the normal work with the eleventh grade. She did good work in it, and was a fine student in the seventh grade. She was not recommended, of course, for the certificate. She is teaching, and I hear she is doing all right.
p.--An Emanuel County teacher of some years experience, age 22, took our eighth grade and teacher-training last year. He taught this year.
Q. -Age 51, took our commercial course last year. She has grown children. She had two in this school one 17.
R.--Age 32, was a member of our eighth grade this past year. She was interested in the bookkeeping course.
S.--There were nine in the graduating class who were 19 to 21 at graduation. Most of these live in the country, came on trucks, and are really indebted for their high schoool education to CONSOLIDATION. There are many beneficiaries of consolidation here who are coming up regularly in practically normal ages, many of whom would never have seen high school without consolidation.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
late, ^tsT^T SCh01 ^ *" ^^ ** ^ ^ ^ n0t Cmpleted a ' but ma>' d
U.-.32. V.-31. W.-20. X.-20. Y.- 21. Z.-23. A. 20.- B.-19 . C-20 Are students who have not completed a course. Five of these have advanced as far as the tenth or eleventh grade

main s^creTn^Tn V T\\7 ^ I **** ****** ^ m&tteT WMe W1'iting and am Persuaded that the

2Tt ? w V ,

lWe haVe tned t0 Pr0Vide fr them the training that y can immediately

?w 1 ^' a f o TM

^, cI

yearS ln' tWyearS French' higher mathematics, five sclences.'etc. I observe ' ,U"tudents wh0 take the fu!1 c,^sical course are the younger students, those of normal

age for high school, who are not old enough to exercise, or to be allowed to exercise, the power of choice

of a mature person. On the whole the mature students take some vocational work.

it t,, lhadTrVer,mfde a'StUdy f tMS matter Particularly before, and I am grateful to you for suggesting it to me. If my deductions are not correct, you may be able to arrive at it more nearly by drawing your

rrIkeCthelUS1nS frm *** S6Veral StrleS ^^ WMCh ^ tIU &S nearIy aS my knowledge and belief can

PRvinmttmi!116 three principal factors are: CONSOLIDATION, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, VH Y siOIAL EDUCATION, supplemented by a bit of educational enthusiasm radiating from several persons cannot^otheyVo11 ^ Cnnecti0n' neglect to mention our fine P. T. A. that does things. What others

And then we had an illiteracy campaign.
Six years ago we enrolled 355 students all told last yeat 625. Six years ago we graduated 11; last year Slx yfars ag0 we had 11 teachers; last year 20. Six years ago we had no over-age students; since then we have had two score. I am deliberately wearing you out prolonging the meditation about to arrive at the decision that the chief educational stimulus that has caused it all centers about the process of consolidation-the noise, the novelty, the truck, the interest, the fight against it, the enlargement, the talk the opportunities.
I will thank you for any criticism of our methods, and I shall await your letter of comment with interes t m the belief that you are a real friend to our program.
Yours very truly,
Ernest Anderson.

Georgia State School Items -2l^o> 9*

Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education

**

N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Aet of October 3,1917, authorized October 5, 1923.

Vol. 1

Atlanta, September, 1, 1924

No. 21

THE TRAINING OF TEACHERS. BY
J. O. Martin, Supervisor.
It was shown in a former issue of the items how the accredited high schools and the ten district A.& M. schools of the State could accommodate the 30% of the Georgia Teachers, who have not completed high school. There these teachers who are inclined to seek the training could be enabled to obtain diplomas
from high school. However, another question arises--What can be done for the 5300 (or 27%) high school graduates and
the 2900 (or 15+) College and normal under-graduates who are now teaching (as shown by the State-wide survey)? Also, where will the majority of the 8,000 June graduates of high schools find college or normal school accommodations?
A recent questionaire sent to the colleges shows that they enrolled their full capacity during the past year. There were only 11,441 enrolled, and it is estimated that at least 3,500 applicants were refused admittance on account of lack of accommodations.
The total number of persons graduated from the State Normal schools this year was 713. The estimated number of graduates who will teach, from all other higher institutions is 282, totaling 995. This number is less than one-third of the vacancies to be filled at the beginning of the term. Hence two-thirds of the vacancies will be filled by immature untrained children who will enter the profession as teachers. Many of them will know little more than the children whom they teach.
It is worth-while to note that the Bowden State Normal and the Statesboro Normal are arranging their courses of study in order that the teachers in service can take work during their fall and spring vacations and complete definite units of study in terms of six and twelve weeks. It is to be hoped that correspondence courses will be offered to such students for home study credit while they are teaching. Such opportunities would enable teachers to resume and complete their college or normal work which otherwise they would not do. This plan, together with the work that is being done during the summer terms by the University of Georgia and other educational institutions in the State, will, in a measure enable the maj ority of teachers who are professionally prepared and desire to seek further training to do so.
However, there is an appalling lack of adequacy on the part of the state educational institutions to accommodate all the persons who wish to attend. The local communities build, equip and maintain adequate schools for the children through the high school and it only seems right that the State should build, equip and maintain sufficient institutions to enable the graduates to prepare themselves to teach if they are to receive the State's money for doing what the State employes them to do.
It seems unwise and unbusiness like for the State to refuse the training of an adequate number of teachers for her schools.
There are many children in the State who have never been taught by a trained teacher. The parents of these children pay their proporti onate share of the expense with which the Teacher-Training Institutions of the State are maintained and yet they have never had any teachers who have come from those institutions. There are many communities in Georgia that have spent more through bond issues for their local school plants than the State has spent on The Normal State School, to say nothing of the limited amount spent on the other institutions.
Each year these institutions spend much time-- and their representatives spend money in begging the State for appropriations. This seems foolish. As was suggested in my recent report to the State School Superintendent a survey of the needs of the State educational institutions should be made together with the cost of additions and improvements and then let the Legislature use this as a basis upon which to arrive at something definite.
In the inevitable State Bond issue for public roads, it will be timely and practicable to include a sufficient sum for the State University and its Branches in order to make them adequate for their respective purposes.
Then no one would be denied admittance and all communities would share alike in the advantages of the institutions.

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

CALHOUN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

3,205 2,973

7,020 8,361

10,225 11,334

3,233 3,443

2,400 1,874

2,252 3,244

275 394

29.6 40.4

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

1918

1,008

1923

1,023

Personal

Colored

Total

White

2,452

3,460

10

2,229

3,252

12

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

Colored 517 211

Total 527 223

Polls

$586,930

$1,754,235

$288,178

$1,980

RECORD FO CALHOUN COUNTY.

SCHOOL

Edison High

Arlington

Morgan

Dickey

.

Jonesville

Leavy

Manry

Turman

Cordray

Grade
Total... Number Accelerated.. Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age.. Med. Retardation

o

7

a to

>> ffl

tf

03 M

dW do

o

a

U dMd

<D
y

T1 p p.

^O 3

H

9 $8,360 10 11 10 9

9 6,390 7 11 7 7

9 5,930 6 11 7 6

8

520 2 10 2 1

8 2,200 3 10 3 3

8 2,760 2 10 4 4

8

480 1 7 1

8

400 1 7 1

8 1,240 2 7 2 2"

8+ $28,280 34 .... 37 32

1 10 7
17 12
2 2 1l 1
"z
5 33

3 .... 5 .... 4
1 1 19

15 238 14 177
197 ..:. 52
3 108 1 73
14 22 .... 50 33 931

Age-Grade Retardation

I II m iv V vT VII VIII IX

A

B

C CC

C OC

D Dc

C CD

C BB

D DC

E DE

D BD

C- C--C--

XI Total

173
12 129
32 7 74
19 6.9

110
22
"80"~ 20 8.1

84 115

80 75 53 61 54 40

2

14

7

2

5

5

4

4

2

53

57 42 53 48 34 39 33 29

29

44 31 25 22 14 18 17

9

2

12

8

2

6

9

6

7

5

63

49 52 66 64 66 70 61 72

35

39 40 32 30 26 24 32 23

9.3 10.5 11.6 12.5 13.3 14.3 15.3 16.5 17.2

5 -6 .5 .3 .3 .3 .5 .2

mmmm

T

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

3

REPORT ON CALHOUN COUNTY SURVEY.

There are nine white schools in Oalhoun County. We have a total of 37 teachers and 931 pupils enrolled, averaging 23 pupils to the teacher. The Edison, Arlington and Morgan schools have eleven grades. Of the 612 pupils enrolled in these three schools, 28% of them are in the high school grades.
Of the 233 pupils enrolled in the three schools having ten grades 16% are in the high school grades. The remaining three schools have seven grades each with a total enrollment of 86 pupils and 4 teacher It is shown that no pupils from these schools go to high school or college. It is significant that students from only four communities are attending college--15 from Edison, 14 from Arlington, 3 from Jonesvtlle and 1 from Leavy. Fifty per cent, of the teachers are serving the present schools their first year. The average age-grade retardation for entire county the is 30%. The buildings and equipment are below standard. The 1923 school census of Calhoun County shows 1023 children between the ages of 6 and 18. The total enrollment in 1924 is 931 children.

CLAY COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

2,483

5,074

7,557

2,398

1,850

1,333

159

24.1

1910

2,391

6,569

8,960

2,704

1,250

1,949

246

30.8

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

769

1923

766

Personal

1,888

2,657

45

1,771

2,537

1

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

60

105

54

55

Polls

$494,179

$1,100,578

$229,000

$1,062

Grade

Age-Grade Retardation

II

IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

Total Number Accei erated Number Normal
Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal
%Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation

107 70 72 74 73 52 58 42 46 21 18

8

10 5

7

6

3

6

2

3U

2

70 36 47 47 39 28 29 24 28 18 12

29 24 20 20 28 21 23 16 15 3 4

7 14 7 9 8 6 10 5 6 0 11

65 51 65 64 53 54 50 57 60 86 67

28 35 28 27 39 40 40 38 34 14 22

7.5 7.0 9.2 9.8 11.3 12 3 13.5 14.6 15 6 16 2 16.0

.5

.2

.3

3 .5 .6

6

2

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
RECORD OF CLAY COUNTY.

SCHOOL

Q,<D

>>
oJ

Sen

OS

do

+a
Oi
Ea
go 13

Ft. Gaines Bulffton Mt. Gilead *Mt. Vernon Oakland Wesley Chapel

9 $6,465 8 11 7

9

3,410 4 11 5

1,400 3 9 3

525 17 1

594

980~ 2 10 2

6 11

5

2

3

1

4

111

9 226 10 142
60
18 2 10 160
1 37

BBB CCC ECC
BCD CCC CDD

$12,780+ 23 22 21 1 20 2 4 2 30 643 C C C-

*Consolidated with Wesley Chapel Aug., 1924.

REPORT ON CLAY COUNTY SURVEY.
Clay county has only 6 white schools; 2 of these have eleven grades, 1 has ten, 2 have nine and 1 has seven. There is a total of 22 teachers in the entire county with an average of 29 pupils to the teacher.
Since the survey was made, Mt. Vernon school has been consolidated with Wesley Chapel. Eighty -two per cent, of the children are enrolled in the Bluffton, Fort Gaines and Oakland Schools. It is shown that there are in the entire county 107 children enrolled in the first grade and 18 in the eleventh grade.
It is also shown that 80% of the entire enrollment is in the first seven grades of the schools and we find 20% in the high school grades.
There are 30 students from the following schools attending college: Bluffton 10; Fort Gaines 9; Oakland 10; Wesley Chapel 1. There are high school advantages within easy reach of all the 'children of Clay County and with the nine months' term and well trained teachers, this system approaches the ideal of an equaleducational opportunity for all.

LOWNDES COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White Colored Total

6-18 Attending Over 10

Years

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920 1910

12,968 13,535 11,481 12,955

26,521 24,436

7,906 6.079

5,962 4,093

2,535 2,930

231 340

12.7 16.6

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

3,588

1923

3,992

4,623 4,160

8,211

12

8,152

7

81 33

93 40

Personal $2,916,363

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

RECORD OF LOWNDES COUNTY. TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Land

Corporation

$9,000,515

$2,022,565

Polls $2,984

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal _> %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

Age Grade Retardation

I II III IV

V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total

733 424 477 404 376 341 262 2C6 87 53 30

21

18

17

18

15

19

12

7 2 15

495 234 227 176 157 149 94 85 38 31 19

217 172 233 210 204 173 156 114 47 21 6

3434454321 16

_ 67 55 47 41 42 43 36 41 44 58 64

30 41 50 55

4 52 60 56 54 41 20

7.2 8.7 9.9 11.1 12.1 13.3 14.3 15.2 16.1 16.6 17.4

.2

.7

.9 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 .6 .4

RECORD OF LOWNDES COUNTY. BY
M. L. Strong, Supervisor, June 1924.

SCHOOL
fValdosta High *Valdosta Junior High. *Central Grammar *Adair Street Clyattville Hahira Barretts Bethany Dasher Lake Park Naylor OldRedland Shiloh King's Chapel Pine Grove Remerton Anticoh Corinth Passmore Salem Blanton Glenn Knight's Academy Melrose Wisenbaker
Total for Valdosta Schools.

d

OS i--

>>

03

03 M

B-cd oo ,

0S

6D

Pis

aS CO

03 CO

fc> OS

m

9 $12,100 *54 *11 8 8

.9

7,145

77

9 11,820

13 13

9

8,695

99

7

3,780 8 10 8 8

9

5,520 8 11 8 8

7

2,415 5 10 5 5

7

1,855 4 9 4 4

8

1,855 4 10 4 4

7

2,205 4 10 4 4

7

2,135 3 9 4 4

7

1,400 3 10 4 4

7

2,310 4 8 4 4

7

1,155 2 8 3 3

7

1,400 3 9 3 3

7

1,120 3 7 3 3

61

8C5 2 7 2 2

7

910 2 10 2 2

7

805 2 7 2 2

7

805 2 6 2 2

7

455 1 7

1

.7

420 2 7

1

.7

420 2 7

1

_7

350 1 7

1

7

420 1 7

1

$72,300 120 104 104

8 .. 5

7

12

9

6

5

324

4

4

4

1

312

4

3

4

2

4

2

3

1

3

2

21

2

11

11

2

1 ....

93 11 49

*122_

229 E C B

316 C B C

161 E D D

173 E D O

120 130

C D

Dc

co

143 E c c

99 C C D

154 E C D

133 E D D

108 D C D

92 E D C

37 D D D

59....E D D

98 E D D

68....E I O D

23 D ' D D

39 E B

26 E A

24__._E D D

42 E D D

3396 E+ O- C-

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
REPORT ON LOWNDES COUNTY SURVEY.
Lowndes County has 21 white schools, 12 of these are attempting high school work. There are 5 oneteacher schools, 4 two-teacher, 3 three-teacher, 6 two-teacher, 1 that has five and 2 that have eight teachers.
It is plainly evident that their greatest need is that of consolidation of schools. Also, they need to consolidate the high school grades of the county. Certain schools should be designated as and equipped for Junior high school work and the senior high school work should be confined to three schools in the entire county.
In the matter of teacher-training, the county has the advantage of the presence of the Georgia State Women's College, located at Valdosta. This offers a home opportunity to those young women of the county who would seek to enter the profession of teaching in the county, and with the establishment there, of the proposed Wpodrow Wilson College for men an almost similar opportunity would be offered to men. Therefore, the educational outlook for the county is bright.

L^HHMMHLMH

^t^L^L^L^HHLi

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

Population

CLARKE COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS.
Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

13,914

12,191

26,105

7,074

5,178

2,850

193

13.9

1910

11,502

11,767

23,269

4,962

3,445

3,513

275

20.0

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

|

Illiterates Over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

3,263

3,672

6,890

10

188

198

1923

3,975

3,712

7,687

34

123

157

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal $5,218,670

Land $13,747,530

Corporation $1,179,522

Polls $3,496

RECORD OF CLARKE COUNTY. BY
H. B. Ritchie, S. N. S.

SCHOOL

Athens High

9

Barrow

9

Chase St

9

Childs St

9

College Ave

9

Oconee

9

Winterville

9

Princeton

.

.... 9

Whitehall

9

Fowlers

9

Hinton-Brown

9

Holly Heights

9

Oconee Heights

9

Tuckston

_. 9

Belmont

___

9

Centerville

9

Edwards

9

Lampkin

9

State Normal Rural

9

9

d

e

aao

m 08 M

at VB
Mr-

a

os
CO

+3 tC>IS*

CO

aii

do

is

m

$36,400'''27 4"26 26 __ 21 5 10 185 625_ _. f A

8,360 ' 7 7 7 7 .___ 7

2 ....

234. ..A A

9,430 7 7 7 7 ____ 7

3 ....

235. -D t

13,030 12 7 12 12

12

3 ....

352. __B A

14,600 12 7 13 13

13

343. -D t

11,470 .... 7 11 11

10 1

336. --E f

6,990 11 11 10 10

10

190. _C B B

2,016 3 7 3 3

2

81. .E B B

2,016 3

3

2

61. _E B B

1,368 2

2

66. .._D B C

1,368 3

2

38. D B--B

1,368 2

2

28. __C C O

1,368 2

2

35

36. __A B- -C

1,350 2

2

12

50. __C1 O B-

540 1

1

26. _.E B D

720 2

1

28. _C! O O

513 1

_. 1

20. ...El* C C

720 1

1

2

22. -Bj; c O

720 1

1

10

47. __A' A A

$114,347 99

107 106 1 94 13 30 54 200 2818. ..C--B C+

f-Information not given.

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

Age-Grade Retardation

II III IV

VI

VII VIII IX

XI Total

595 410 310 377 247 250 202 1 13 15 25 23 15 14
413 230 143 176 136 127 103 181 167 152 176 88 108 85 0356966 70 56 46 47 55 50 50 30 41 49 47 36 44 44

27 0 12 15
44 56

13 2 5 6 16 39 45

16 12 2
H" 8 52
16 69~~ 68 31 16

2,459
110 1,364
985 4 55 41

6.2 7.6 8.9 9.8 10.3 11.7 12.7 15.0 14.8 15.2 17 0

_ x.O

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
1. Athens has a progressive Parent-Teacher association organized for pre-school work as well as regular P. T. A. activities.
2. Health inspection and active follow-up work are insured by careful examinations made by the health officer and the Child Welfare Work (American Child Health Association Demonstration), which is being carried on in this city.
3. Night schools are provided to decrease illiteracy. At present there are two schools for white adults, and two for negroes. The white schools provide for three types: (a) adult illiterates, who are given the fundamentals of elementary education; (b) groups of mental defectives who are cared for in school instead of allowed to spend their time in undesirable places; (c) groups of ambitious students who work in the day and go on with high school work at night. The two white schools are located in the centers of the two mill sections of Athens. The negro night schools are very efficient in providing training suited to the needs of their students. Two hundred-fifty adults ranging from sixteen to sixty attend the Night Trade School. In this school there are classes in carpentry, brick-laying, cooking, sewing and nursing. The carpentry and brick-laying class furnished most of the labor for the construction of the modern colored school which has just been completed. From the class in nursing, Athens employs competent nurses for the sick room. Maids and cooks trained in these schools command higher wages because of increased efficiency.

^^91

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS
MUSCOGEE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS.

Population

Total Children

Illiterates

White

Colored

Total

6-18 Years

Attending Over 10

School

Years

16-20 Years

Per Cent

1920

27,940

16,251

44,191

11,127

8,770

4,101

375

1910

19,472

16,747

36,219

9,472

5,867

4,841

360

11.7 17.2

STATE SCHOOL CENSUS.

No. Children 6-18 Yrs.

Illiterates over 10 Yrs.

White

Colored

Total

White

Colored

Total

1918

6,335

4,290

10,625

53

238

1923

8,447

5,517

13,964

63

158

291 221

TAXABLE VALUE 1923.

Personal

Land

Corporation

Polls

$19,458,250

$18,775,270

$3,509,847

$1,719

RECORD OF MUSCOGEE COUNTY SURVEY.

SCHOOL
tColumbus High (Industrial High East Highlands Mcllhenny North Highlands Rose Hill Waverly Terrace
Sixteenth St Tenth St Linwood Seventh Street Bibb City Wynnton CityView Midland Double Churches Midway Nankepoat

a ft

<&

a

03 M

& .2

03 . 033

6D

ID
3 &o a u 3

03 P 03

pq

9 28,300 17 9 23,600 12 9 13,325 13 9 14,550 13 9 13,100 12
9 13,925 12 9 13,525 11 9 12,175 13
9 12,900 10 -- - 9 9,200 8
9 9,800 8 9 9,153 13 9 8,685 17
9 5,625 7 9 3,367 4 9 1,575 2
9 3,267 4 9 1,575 2 9 $197,647 178

4 19 19 4 12 12 7 11 11 7 11 11 7 11 11
7 11 11 7 11 11 799
7 10 10 688 788 7 13 13 7 11 11
777 744 722
744 722
64 64

18 1

6

11 1 0

10 1

1

10 1 2

11

1

11

2

11

9

1

10

71 2

8

1

67 5

11

3

61

2

4

3

2

1

4

3

2 _.

151 13 33

175 675 A A A -_ 380 B A A
.- 497 B B+ A 473____D A A
.. 436 E A A
368 B B+ A 493A--A A A
372 O B A 359 A B A 306 B B+ A 10 249 C B A
608 O A A
525 A A A 273..--C B+ B
147 B A A 70 A A B
153._,_B A B 80 B A B
175 6,464.__B--A-- A-

10

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

Grade
Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal _. %Retarded_ _ Med. Retardation Med. Retardation
.

MUSCOGEE COUNTY.

Age-Grade Retardation

I

II

m IV

V

VI VII VIII IX

X

XI

Total

970 8
765 197
1 79 20 5.9

862 5
632 225
1 74
25 7.3

839 7
493 339
1 59 40 8.5

824 6
487 331
1 59 40
9.8

678 11
462 205
2 68 30 10.2

540 7
363 170
1 67 32
11.3

389 13
266 110
3 69 28 12.3

403
370 33
92 8 12.9

310
279 31
90 10 13.8

178
152 26
85 15 14.7

161
155 6
96 4 15.5

6,154 57
4,424 1,673
72 27

REPORT ON SURVEY OF MUSCOGEE COUNTY. BY
Willis A. Sutton, Supt. of Schools, Atlanta, Ga.
The City of Columbus has a pardonable pride in the excellent school system which hasbeen evolved through a long period of years. The Columbus School System is exceedingly fortunate in that it has had only a few Superintendents and each of these has served through a long period of years, giving a continuity of policy that has resulted in an excellent school system. It has been more fortunate in that the men who have guided its destines have been men of unusual breadth of vision, and of splendid ability to achieve The continued development of any school system demands that the head of the school system shall have the opportunity of a long period of service.

SCHOOL GROUNDS.
Nothingis more necessary to a school system than adequate school grounds. Play, physical training Athletics and all outdoor activities are as essential to the modern school plan as a good house well lighted' and well ventilated.
Columbus is fotunate in the selection of its school sites. The location of the buildings on the school lots is in accord with good school policy. The size of the lots, however, is too small. Each pupil should have at least 200 square feet of playground. Many of the Columbus schools would average far less The vacant lots and open spaces of Columbus make up in some manner for this defect, but it should be the policy of the Board of Education to buy lots adjacent to the present school buildings until at least a minimum of 200 square feet per child is attained.
Few school systems in the State as completely and adequately house the children as Columbus Many of the buildings are old and need renovation and repair, but taken as a whole, the school buildings of Columbus are meeting the needs of the city better than any other city within my knowledge in the State. Many of the school systems of the state can find excellent model in one-story school buildings in Columbus. Many of the school buildings contain much wood and combustible material. Fireproof construction should be the policy of the future.
Great congestion was noted in the high schools and since this survey was made, a bond issue has been voted to relieve this condition.
The Tenth Street School building, one of the oldest in Columbus, is in need of repairs. The building is too valuable to be destroyed.
The Wynnton School, belonging to the Muscogee County System possesses almost an ideal condition as far as the seating of her children is concerned. There are no triple sessions or short sessions either for white or colored people in the City of Columbus. There are no crowded rooms. It is to be regretted that class rooms so well seated are almost perfectly bare when it comes to equipment necessary to do effective teaching. This is especially true of the Columbus High School. The equipment in Science is meagre and much of it is obsolete. Too little chance is given for individual laboratory work.
In the Industrial High School, the equipment in textiles and home economics is exceptionally good, but limited in quantity. The grammar school equipment falls far short of the minimum required for effective teaching.
Columbus is to be congratulated upon passing the recent bond issue to provide for a new high school plant for the classical and scientific course. It is the recommendation of this survey that the

mm

GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS

11

Industrial high school be greatly enlarged as to plant, and as to the number and variety of courses offered. A closer study of the situation might reveal that it would be best to combine the commercial courses with the Oolumbus High School proper and convert the industrial high school into a great technical high school. The number and variety of industries in Columbus would seem to warrant a larger technical school. A casual survey impresses one that many boys from excellent families are now attending' the classical high school whose aptitudes and talents would indicate that they should attend a technical high school. This is an opportune time for Oolumbus to carefully study her high school situation.
The organization and administration of schools in Oolumbus is far above the average in our southern cities. The Board of Education of the Oity of Columbus is made up of men and women of the highest character and intellectual ability. It is representative of the best thought of the entire city. The co-operation between the city government and the Board of Education is all that could be desired. The spirit existing among the members of the Board, the administrators, supervisors and teachers is one of mutual helpfulness and understanding. Many members of the Board seem to know and to recognize the entire teaching staff. The loyalty and devotion of the teachers to the superintendent and to the Board of Education made it a pleasure to visit the schools of Columbus.
The excellent work being done by the Parent-Teacher Association should receive the support of the
city and deserves the highest commendation. More supervisors are needed. Most effective teaching can only result from most effective super-
vision. The Principals of all schools having as many as eight or ten teachers should be relieved of all classroom work. The present staff of supervisors is doing excellent work, but additional supervisors would weld the system into greater unity of purpose.
The course of study of the Columbus Schools is carefully planned but needs revision in order to adapt it to the individual child, to the life of the community, and to the life of the State.
It is recommended that a strong committee be appointed by the superintendent to make a careful study of the needs of the city and to provide a course of study which will combine the social program with
the individual training. The health work being accomplished by the schools of Columbus gives this system an A I rating
among the schools of the state. Special attention is being given to diseases of childhood and adolescence, and all preventative measures are being taken to insure the health of the children. Dental clinics have been instituted and are doing good work.
A special feature of the Columbus schools is the direct connection of public libraries with the school system of the city. Excellent work is being done but the collection of books should be enlarged. In rewriting the courses of study, a large use of the library is suggested.
The extra-curricula activities of the schools of Columbus should receive more attention from the supervisors, principals and teachers. Co-operating agencies, such as the Boy Scouts, the Girl Scouts, Associated Charities, Anti-Tuberculosis and kindred organizations can become very helpful without interfering with the regular school activities. Inter-Scholastic athletics between the classical high school and the industrial high school would create much interest.
The quality of teaching being done in Columbus schools is exceptionally good. Practically all of the teachers have had professional training. A large number of them should continue to take training while in service. The Board of Education should add an annual increment to the salaries of those teachers who earn as many as three credits by extension work, or by summer school courses. The salary scale for teachers of the elementary and high schools is far below the average of the cities the size of Columbus throughout the United States. The best teachers cannot be retained at the present salary schedule.
Special attention should be called to the schools for colored people in Columbus. Few cities in the South are giving such excellent advantages to the negroes. Negro kindergartens are held for all who apply. The Industrial High School provides splendid training for negroes both male and female. Thousands have graduated from the negro industrial high school, and have gone out into the world to be of great service. Not a single graduate has ever been arrested or convicted of any crime. The elementary schools for colored people are well built, and furnished comfortably.
School cost in Columbus compared with other cities of its size is low. More money must be provided for adequate supervision and sufficient equipment to be given to the excellent teaching force. School books are rented to the children of Columbus at a nominal fee. The system seems to work well and be staisfactory. It is an excellent step toward free textbooks.
The cordiality with which the surveyors were greeted, and the freedom accorded them demonstrated that the school system is well organized and is ready for inspection. The hospitality extended to those making the survey sustained the reputation of the City of Columbus. Every facility for reaching the schools, and for meeting the people of Columbus was provided. The Board of Education, the Superintendent of schools, the supervisors, the principals and teachers gave every assistance possible to those
undertaking the survey.

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