~~^--~i^~**TM-~**--mmm*^--m*mm^^^mmmmmmmmmmmmimmmmmmmm^-~i^ THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA _____ i mami Georgia State School Items Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools Vol.1 Atlanta, November 1, 1923To5cp-t*>fti,<' )./. No 1 oreworc i> The State School Items is intended to fill a long felt want. That there might be a better medium of communication between the State Department of Education and the School Officials of Georgia.this sheet will be issued twice a month. It will contain all official communications from the Department of Education, all circular letters of information from the State Superintendent of Schools heretofore sent to Superintendents and school officials, decisions of the Attorney General pertaining to school laws; decisions of the State Superintendent and the State Board of Education so far as they may be of general interest and application, new laws passed and changes in the old made by the General Assembly and full and complete instructions and data of the State-wide School Survey now being made. It will be sent to all Superintendents, Members of Boards of Education, Trustees of local school districts and others interested in the progress of the common schools of Georgia. To this end we ask the County Superintendents to send us the name and address of the local Trustees, and City Superintendents, to send, names and address of Board members, as neither of these are on file in the office here. We urge all Superintendents to obtain a binder and in it file the ITEMS as they come. The file will be of great use to you, for the very questions you wish to ask, you will find already asked and answered in back numbers. School Survey The State-wide School Survey of Georgia has already begun. That it might be done in form the foundation stone was laid in the northeast corner. Rabun was first surveyed and then Towns County. The Surveying Party is now in Floyd County. In the first five counties surveyed all the Supervisors are working together. This is done that there might be greater uniformity all over the State. After the survey of these five counties, they will be divided in parties of two each and will continue the survey under the same plans as adopted in the first counties surveyed. This work cannot be successfully done without the complete cooperation and assistance of superintendents, teachers and school officials. I do not hesitate to call on you to aid in the work, for I know that you will offer us every assistance possible in reeking this vurvey a real permanent contribution to the educational advancement in Georgia. Fifty years ago the first public schools were opened in Georgia. It has been half a century of great accomplishments. Practically all the splendid plans of those who laid the foundations have been successfully carried out and even many things that they could at that time express only in dreams have been realized. mmmtmi^mmm Georgia State School Items In the achievement of fifty years many difficulties have been overcome, many barriers to progress have been surmounted. The recent decision of the Supreme Court in the Case of Hanks, Commissioner, vs. D'Arcy, from Floyd County, breaks down the last barrier and seemingly leaves the way clear to build a greater school system in Georgia. The volume containing the minutes of the State Board of Education 1873-1923 has been closed. A new book has been opened. This book will contain the records of the second half century of the history of Georgia's Public School System. With your help and assistance we wish to lay the foundation as well as did our fathers, so that this second period will be as full of splendid achievements as was the first. Attendance Cards To the Superintendents of City and County Systems ; You will receive shortly your quota of Attendance Cards. You will distribute these to the Principal of every school in your county and a number sufficient for the children in their district between the ages of 6 and 18 years old. The cards are so arranged as to show attendance for each calendar month. For example, for September, it will show the number of days the child actually attended school and the number of days he was absent, distributed among the different headings as shown on the Card. It is very important that this should be done monthly by the teacher. The other information asked for on the Card should be filled out by the teacher at once. This Includes not only the children that are in her school, but all the children of the district between the ages of 6 and 18 years old, and if a child is marked as not attending school and is between the ages of 8 and 14 years, she should indicate on the back of the Card the reason why the child is not attending and whether any effort has been made by the Attendance Officer to get the child in school. Next June these cards will be returned to your office for your permanent record. You will make a summary of them upon the blank that will be furnished at that time. Upon this report the attendance record of the State will be based and not upon the report heretofore made in January. If there are any private schools in your county, or in your local district, I am sure that we could make arrangement with them for keeping the Cards for the children attending that school. If, for any reason, they do not comply with your request in this matter, I hope that you will report it to this office so that we may obtain the information through other sources One of the last questions on the Card is exceedingly important. While it will not be answered until the end of the school term, yet the teacher's attention should be called to it. Was the child promoted? If not, why? The answer to the "why" should be full and complete. I am very anxious that an accurate record be made of attendance. If you are sure that your present records and reports will answer all the questions that are asked upon this Card, you need not distribute them as asked in the begining of this letter, but make the report from your own records. However, I urge you to be sure of this, for we will expect next June an accurate Georgia State School Items answer to every question contained upon the Card and in the same form and older as they are upon the Card itself. Upon the school system complying with this request will depend their State appropriation. Very truly, State Superintendent of Schools. Attorney-General Napier's Opinion on Educational Questions Liability of County Board for Injuries sustained by School Children in Transportation. Question. Would a County Board of Education operating trucks for transporting pupils to the several schools in the county, in the event of an accident, be liable for personal injuries sustained by the pupils? Answer: "A school district is not liable at common law for injuries to a pupil which resulted from improper means of transportation negligently provided for the accomodation of schools at the public expense". Inquiry from Supt. J. H. McGehee, Talbotton, Ga. District School Tax Question. In the event the County Board added several lots from a district now under taxation, to another district which is a non-taxation district, would this, in any wise, affect or disturb the right of the taxing district to continue this tax upon the territory remaining after such lots from this district are annexed to the non-taxing district? Answer: "In the absence of some statute or provision to the contrary, the general rule is that when a part of the territory of a school district is separated from it by annexation to another district, or by the creation of a new district, the old district retaining its organization, such old district retains all its property, powers, rights, privileges, and continues to be responsible for all its debts and liabilities." Inquiry from Carroll County. wmmm*mmi^mm mmmm Georgia State School Items Election on Consolidation Question. Should a County Board acting under the authority of said section coi solidate two or more districts, or part of a district, and should twenty-five per cent of he legal voters of one of the districts affected protest to the County Board against said consolidation, call an election for the whole consolidated district, or just that district, 01 part of a district that protests against the action of the County Board? Answer: Wherever, in the opinion of the County Board of Education, the best interests of the school demand, the Board of Education shall have the right to consolidate two or more districts or parts of districts or to add any part of one district to any other district or to change the line or lines of any district at any time, when in their judgment, the best interest of the schools require such change, into one school district with the purpose of the election of the Board of Trustees and of the location of the school at some central place as hereinbefore provided; but should as many as one-fourth of the pa-trons of the said school or schools object to the consolidation (provided tha I >.'d onefourth of said patrons shall consist of at least ten), it shaU be the duty of the County Superintendent to call an election to be held in said district or districts affected, giving thirty (30) days' notice of same by publishing the same once a week for i ./eeks in the paper in which the county advertisements are published, and also V. -osting notices at least at three or more public places in the district, or districts to be affected thereby, at which election, should a majority of the qualified voters vote for consolidation., the schools shall be consolidated; otherwise, not. The result of such election shall be determined and declared by the Board of Education and the same shall be held as other elections are held. It may appear to contravene the strict principle of local self government--in that where one district is protesting against the action of the County Board in directing a consolidation that a maj ority of the votes cast in the several districts to be affected are allowed to control. However, the law seems to be based upon the proposition that the County Board had authority to affect the consolidation, unless a majority of all the votes in the territory to be affected shall oppose consolidation. Georgia State School Items Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Application for entry as second class matter pending at Atlanta, Ga. Vol. I Atlanta, November 15, 1923 No. 2 Hanks, Commissioner, et al., vs. D'Arcy. The Act of the Legislature approved August 19, 1922, entitled, "An Act to confer upon the several counties of this State the authority to levy taxes for educational purposes, to provide for the employment and pay of county agents and home demonstration agents," etc. (Ga. Laws, 1922, p. 31), is not violatiye of the provisions of Art. 8 Sec 4 Par 1 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia, in that the Act purports to give county authorities the right to levy taxes within the independent school dis- C The levy of the county-wide tax sought to be enjoined was authorized by the Act above referred to, and the court erred in granting this injunction The above are the headnotes of the case handed down by the Supreme Court dur- ing its spring term that will have the tendency to change the entire financial support of the public schools of Georgia. If this decision had been handed down forty years ago, Georgia, educationally, would have had a different history. If made but four years aw would have made unnecessary the Elders-Carswell Constitutional amend- ment Indeed, in the light of this decision it may be questioned, not only whether this amendment was necessary, but it may have done great harm m limiting the right of the State to authorize tax for school purposes. This decision is based upon an Act of the Legislature, approved August 19, 1922, conferring upon the taxing au- thorities of counties the right to levy taxes for educational purposes and provide for the pavment of home demonstration agents, county agents and teachers ot agricul- ture Floyd County, proceeding under the authority of this Act, made a county-wide levy for the purposes mentioned in the Act, no part of which was to be used in Rome where an independent school system was maintained. One D Arcy a res- ident of Rome, sought to enjoin the County Commissioners and Board of Education from collecting this tax, alleging that the levy was unconstitutional The Supreme Court sustains the legality of the levy and the constitutionality of the Act It is understood that the Act was drawn by Judge Andrew J. Cobb, ot Athens Ga and we are informed that he stated when he drew the Act; that he was not sure whether it would pass the courts; but if it did, it would profoundly affect the financial support of the schools of Georgia. .. That it may be better understood we herewith give the original of the Constitu- tion of 1877 and the same paragraphs as they are now in the Constitution: Constitution of 1877 ARTICLE VII SECTION I Paragraph 1. The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only: For the support of the State government and the public institutions; For educational purposes, in instructing children in the elementary branches ot an English education only. SECTION VI Paragraph II. The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose, except for educational purposes m instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only; to build 11(5995 ^^^^""i^"P"*WW^Wi MHMPH Hi Georgia State School Items and repair the public buildings, and bridges; to maintain and support prisoners; to pay jurors and coroners, and for litigation, quarantine, roads, and expenses of courts; to support paupers and pay debts heretofore existing. ARTICLE VIII Education SECTION I Paragraph 1. There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of children in the elementary branches of an English education only, as nearly uniform as practicable, the expenses of which shall be provided for by taxation, or otherwise. The schools shall be free to all children of the State, but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races. SECTION IV Paragraph 1. Authority may be granted to counties, upon the recommendation of two grand juries, and to municipal corporations, upon the recommendation of the corporate authority, to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits, by local taxation; but no such local laws shall take effect until the same shall have been submitted to a vote of the qualified voters in each county or municipal corporation, and approved by a two-thirds vote of persons qualified to vote at such election; and the General Assembly may prescribe who shall vote on such question. Constitution of 1 923. ARTICLE VII Section 1. Paragraph 1. The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be ex- ercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only: For the support of the State government and the public institutions. For educational purposes, in instructing children in the -elementary branches of an English education only. SECTION 6 Section 3. Paragraph 2. The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose, except for educational purposes; to build and repair the public buildings and bridges, to maintain and support prisoners; to pay jurors and coroners, and for litigation, quarantine, roads and expenses of courts; to support paupers and pay debts heretofore existing; to pay the county police, and to pro- vide for necessary sanitation. ARTICLE VIII SECTION I Section 4. Paragraph 1. There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of the children, as nearly uniform as practicable, the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation, or otherwise. The schools shall be free to all children of the State, but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races. Section IV as Amended in 1920 Authority is granted to the counties and municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation. The proper county authorities whose duty it is to levy taxes for county purposes in this State shall, on the recommendation of the Board of Education, assess and collect taxes for the support of public schools under its control not less than one nor more than five mills on the dollar of all taxable property of the county outside of independent local systems, which shall be distributed equitably according to the school population, tax values, the number of teachers and their grade of license among the public schools therein. An additional levy to that already allowed not to exceed five mills shall be permissible in independent local systems, municipalities or school districts on a two-thirds vote of those voting. No additional election shall be required to maintain any local school tax now in existence in districts, counties, or municipalities, provided this bill shall not apply to counties having a local school system of taxation adopted prior to the Constitution of 1877. Georgia State School Items Before taking up the next article dealing with this decision, it will be well to thor- oughly familiarize yourself with the provisions of the Constitution dealing with educa- tion Section 1 of Article VII gives power to the General Assembly to assess a State- wide tax for educational purposes of instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only. Under the authority of this Section the State appropriation to common schools is made. In view of the fact that there is still retained m this Sec- tion the limitation "in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English ed- ucation only" would limit this appropriation to the support of elementary schools. The question might well be raised if the Barrett-Rogers Act directing that a part of this fund should be devoted to the aid of high schools is not unconstitutional. Section 6 of the same Article gives authority to the General Assembly to authorize and direct counties to levy a tax for educational purposes. This decision was rendered upon an Act of the General Assembly passed under authority of this Section. Section 1 of Article VIII directs that a system of common schools (note the word "common" and give definition of it) be established. It is a direct order of the people to the General Assembly. This system must be supported by taxation, or otherwise. What does "taxation or otherwise" mean? Article IV, Section 8, refers to local taxation for schools. Under the authority ot this Section all local and independent systems exist. Heretofore it has been held that this Section limited Section 6, Article VII, in that the Legislature could not direct the county tax for educational purposes without referring it to the legal voters under the conditions named in the Section. This decision, Hanks, Commissioner, et al., vs. D Arcy, clearly sets forth the fact that it does not limit in any way the authority of the Legisla- ture to authorize counties to levy a tax for educational purposes. f (To be continued) Certification of County School Superintendents The county primaries will be held during next spring and summer in which a county Superintendent of Schools must be elected in each county in Georgia. Before any person can be a candidate, or especially before his name can appear upon the ticket ot a general election, he must have a certificate of qualification from the State Board of Edu- cation. The law prescribes the following ways: 1. Have at least three years' practical experience in teaching and hold a first-grade high school license, or 2. Have a diploma from a literary college or normal school, or 3. Have five years' experience in the actual supervision of schools (this means Superintendent of a county or independent system of schools), or 4. Stand an approved examination before the State Board of Education as to his qualification. The State Board has answered the following questions in interpreting the above laW: Question: "A person who wishes to qualify as a candidate for the position of County School Superintendent under the head 'five years' experience in the actual supervision of schools,' states that he has been for more than five years superintendent of rural schools, some of which were consolidated schools; will this qualify him?" Answer: "No." Question: "One person states that he is a graduate of the Bryan County Institute, completed the sophomore year at Mercer and taught one year. Will this qualify him?" Answer: "No." Question: "Will being a graduate of the School of Law of Emory University qualify a candidate under the provision of being a graduate from a literary college?" Answer: "No; he must take an examination, at least in school law, school methods and administration." In making application for certificate, be sure to send evidence of the head under which you wish to qualify. For example, a graduate of a literary college should send a MPBMMWP11*? MOM ' i '-'' i -''' 4 Georgia State School Items certificate from the President or Registrar of that college showing that you are a gradu- ate, degree received, and year of graduation. Also, in each case, give full detail of your experience in teaching or supervision certified to by the regular school official. It would be well that all applications other than that of examination should be in this office before January 15, 1924, so that if the candidate could not qualify under the heading upon which his application was made, he could take the examination later. Examination will be held for applicants on January 26, 1924, at the following named place*: Atlanta, Augusta, Moultrie, Dublin, Rome, Macon, Blakely, Savannah, Gainesville, Columbus, Waycross, Sparta. Athens, While the Examination will include elementary and high school subjects, yet em- phasis should be placed upon the school law, school administration and school super- vision. It would therefore be well for applicants to thoroughly familiarize themselves with the School Code and Georgia Manual for Teachers. State School Superintendent's Letter. County and City Superintendents: Dear Sir :The most important request that I will make of you during the year is to superintend the distribution of the School Attendance Cards that you will receive shortly and constantly watch and see that they are properly filled'out. You can readily under- stand how difficult it is to get accurate statistics when 16,000 teachers are being used to make them out. Therefore, I urge that you constantly overlook this work, at least monthly, and see that the cards are being made out correctly. It is our intention to account for every child in Georgia between the ages of 6 and 18 years, whether in school or not, and try in case out of school to find out the cause. This request is being made under Section 75 of the School Code and the provisions thereof will be strictly enforced. The summary of these cards that you will return to this office next June will be the basis of your report of attendance for the year 1923. A sufficient number of the Attendance Card is being sent to the County Superin- tendent and to the Superintendent of municipal school systems who report direct to this office. All systems in your county that do not so report and to whom you pay their pro rata of State funds, you will hand to the Superintendent of such systems a sufficient number of these Cards for all the children with a copy of this letter, one of which I am enclosing. It becomes your duty to supervise this work in that system and see that it is being properly done. Should there be any failure along this line, you will report to this Department at once. If there should be any private or parochial schools in your county, hand to them a sufficient number of the Attendance Cards for the children they have in school, request- ing them to keep the record. Should any one decline, please notify me so that the in- formation can be otherwise obtained. Very truly yours, State Superintendent of Schools. Georgia State School Items Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Application for entry as second class matter pending at Atlanta, Ga. Vol. I Atlanta, December 1, 1923 No. 3 Hanks, Commissioner, et al., vs. D Arcy. BECK P. J. Acting under the authority of the Act of the General Assembly of Georgia, approved August 19, 1922, purporting to give authority to counties to levy taxes for educational purposes in the employment of county agents and home demonstration agents (Acts 1922, p. 81), the Board of Commissioners of Roads and Revenues of Floyd County, in connection with the Board of Education of that county, adopted certain resolutions contemplating the levy of a county-wide tax, in addition to all other taxes levied by them, under the provisions of that Act, for the purpose of employing such agents in Floyd County, such tax to be county-wide and to be levied upon not only the property of taxpayers lying outside of the independent school district of the City ot Rome but as well upon the property within the confines of such independent school district. D'Arcy, as a resident and taxpayer of the City of Rome, an independent school district, brought his petition for injunction against the Board of Commissioners ot Roads and Revenues and the Board of Education, alleging the unconstitutionally ot the Act of 1922, as sought to be applied by them, alleging their intended purpose to be to levy such county-wide tax under the authority of this Act (which allegations were all admitted by the defendants), and praying an injunction against the defendants from in any wise carrying out their threat to so levy and impose this tax. The defendants filed an answer; and the judge of the lower court, passing upon the case as presented by the petition and answer, granted the injunction, and the case is now here be- fore this court for review. It is contended by the defendant in error, the plaintiff in the court below, that it was the intent of the framers of the Constitution to make Article 8 of the Constitution of this State, as it now stands, exhaustive of the power of the General Assembly to delegate the right to levy taxes for educational purposes, and that the Act approved August 19, 1922, entitled, "An Act to confer upon the several counties of this State authority to levy taxes for educational purposes, and to provide for the employment and pay of county agents and home demonstration agents," etc., is unconstitutional if construed to authorize the tax contemplated by the resolution in question. The Act of August 19, 1922, reads as follows: "An Act to confer upon the several counties of this State authority to levy taxes for educational purposes, to provide for the employment and pay of county agents and home demonstration agents, to provide for the employment and payment of agricultural teachers and home economics teachers in the vocational high schools of the State, and for other purposes. Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Georgia, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, that power is hereby delegated to and conferred upon the several counties of this State to levy and collect taxes for educational purposes in such amounts as the county authorities shall determine, the same to be appropriated to the use of the County Board of Education, and the educational work directed by them. Section 2. Be it further enacted, That the Boards of Education of the several counties of this State may employ and pay county agents and home demonstration agents to carry on the extension work in agriculture and home economics under the provisions of the Acts of Congress, approved May 8th, 1914 (Barnes Federal Code, 8413, 8414, 8415), the State's acceptance of the same approved August 14, 1914. Also may employ and pay agricultural teachers and home economics teachers under the provisions of the vocational-educational Act of Congress of February 23, 1917, and Acts of Georgia approved August 21, 1917." Section 3 repeals conflicting laws. The resolution adopted by the Board of Education of Floyd mmmm mmmmm --- Georgia State School Items County the 22nd day of January, 1923, was, in substance, that a certain named person be employed by the board as farm demonstration agent of Floyd County, m accordance with the Acts of Congress and the General Assembly of the State of Georgia, referring to the Act of August 19, 1922; and also provided for the salary of the demonstration agent and the salary of a certain named person as home demonstration agent; and the Board of Commissioners of Roads and Revenues of Floyd County were requested to act in cooperation with them in carrying out the resolution. The Board of Commissioners of Roads and Revenues of the county, in a resolution reciting the substance of the resolution passed by the Board of Education, agreed to comply with the recommendation to make a levy at the time of the levy of taxes for the year 1923, sufficient to pay the farm demonstration agent and the home economics agent, and that this tax should be levied on the entire digest of Floyd County. The Act of August 19, 1922, set forth above, needs no construction to make it applicable to the action taken by the two boards in reference to the subject there dealt with. It distinctly and plainly delegates to the several counties of this State the power to levy and collect taxes for educational purposes in such amounts as the county authorities shall determine, the same to be appropriated to the use of the County Board of Education and educational work directed by them. And the second section of the Act authorized the Board of Education of the several counties to employ and pay county agents and home economics agents, etc. And it is also manifest from the general terms employed that the tax levied is to be upon the property generally m the county, "county-wide," and that it was not contemplated that it should be levied only upon the property of taxpayers lying outside the independent school districts that might be m existence in the county where such tax was levied. Is the Act thus construed (or rather stated, for no construction is necessary) violative of Article 8, Section 4, Paragraph 1, of the Constitution of the State of Georgia, in that the same purports to give county authorities the right to levy taxes within the independent local school districts, and without making provision for an election to be held within any independent local school district? The clause of the Constitution last referred to, after the amendment of 1919, reads as follows: "Authority may be granted to counties, militia districts, school districts, and to municipal corporations, upon the recommendation of the corporate authority, to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation; but no such laws shall take effect until the same shall have been submitted to a vote of the qualified voters in each county, militia district, school district, or municipal corporation and approved by two-thirds majority of persons voting at such election, and the General Assembly may prescribe who shall vote on such questions. This clause of the Constitution deals with the subject of local taxation for public schools. In the case of Bowers v. Hanks, 152 Ga., 659, it was said: "Under the Constitution of 1877, as originally written, the legislators could only delegate to counties the power to levy'a tax for 'educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only.' The legislature was without authority to authorize counties to levy a tax for any other educational purpose. Under this provision of the Constitution, as amended in 1910 (Ga. Laws, 1910, p. 45), the legislature has power to authorize counties to levy a tax for educational purposes generally. So, if a county demonstration agent is engaged in carrying out an educational purpose, the legislature can authorize the counties to levy a tax for such purpose." The writer of the opinion m that case goes further, in the discussion of the question, to demonstrate that the appointment of the county demonstration and the other agent referred to in the Act legitimately falls within the purview of the expression "educational purposes." A part of what was said in that opinion may have been obiter, but we are of the opinion that the conclusion reached is authorized when we give the words "education" and "educational" the broad and extended meaning authorized by the definition of lexicographers. Article 7, Section 6, Paragraph 2, of the Constitution of this State reads as follows: "The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose, except for educational purposes; to build and repair the public buildings and bridges; to maintain and support prisoners; to pay jurors and coroners, and for litigation, quarantine, roads, and expenses of courts; to support paupers and pay debts Georgia State School Items heretofore existing; to pay the county police, and to provide for necessary sanitation. As originally written into the Constitution of 1877, the paragraph of the Constitution under consideration read just as written above, except that following the expression ''educational purposes" there were the words, "in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only." Speaking for myself, I have much doubt as to whether the elimination from this section of the Constitution of the words last quoted was intended to have the effect to give the expression "educational purposes" the broad and extended meaning which the legislature seemed to have put upon it in passing the Act of August 19, 1922. Doubts necessarily arise as to whether or not the section of the Constitution last referred to is not to be construed in the light of the provision of the first section of the Constitution quoted, and limited by that, so as to make the expression "educational purposes," as it now stands in the Constitution in Article 7, Section 6, Paragraph 2, mean education as given in our public schools. But the existence of this doubt does not authorize us to declare the Act unconstitutional. Before we are authorized to declare an Act unconstitutional, it must appear that it is so beyond a doubt. If its constitutionality is doubtful, the Act must have the benefit of the doubt. And when we consider the broad scope of the expression "educational purposes," and especially when we consider that the words "in instructing children," etc., which followed the expression "educational purposes," was stricken from the clause of the Constitution as it was originally written and adopted, we are of the opinion that we can not go to the extent of saying that, beyond a doubt, the purpose contemplated and accomplished in authorizing the appointment of the county agent and home economics agent lies beyond the scope of the words empowering the counties to levy a tax. The question in this case is practically settled by the ruling in the case of Bowers v. Hanks, supra, but we thought it best to set forth, in immediate connection with one another, the provisions of the Constitution and the Act of the legislature which we have held to authorize the levy of the tax in question. Judgment reversed. All the Justices concur. Opinions Attorney General Duties of Trustees The question submitted is whether Trustees of local schools have authority to elect teachers for their schools, or whether they may simply nominate the teachers to the County Board of Education. Section 121 of the School Code provides that such local school trustees are author- ized, among their other duties: "to aid, by recommendation of desirable applicants, the County School Superintendent and Board of Education in securing teachers." The Act of 1889 (see Georgia Laws, 1889, page 122), provides: "That it shall be the duty of the School Trustees herein provided for to supervise the school operations of their sub-districts, to visit the schools and to make such recommendations to the County Boards, in relation to the school interests of their sub-districts, as may seem to them best, and especially in the matter of choosing teachers for their sub-districts. It shall be their right to recommend applicants, and it shall be the duty of the County Boards to choose as teachers the persons so recommended; provided, they shall be persons duly qualified and eligible according to the provisions of existing laws; and furthermore, it shall be the duty of school trustees, in recommending persons as teachers, to recommend those persons who, in their opinion, are the choice of the communities to be served." While this law of 1889 has been superseded by the present School Code, the Governing Section (No. 121) accords with the spirit of the law of 1889. The function of the local trustees is to aid the County School Superintendent and Board of Education in securing teachers. The Board of Education secures teachers by the aid of the local trustees. ^^" MPRMIIMIMi Georgia State School Items In my opinion, the Board of Education has the right to say the last word in selecting teachers for the common schools of the county. It should, of course, be no arbitrary exercise of power, but a co-operative function, considering the entire matter along the rather comprehensive lines indicated by the law of 1889. Election of Board Members and County School Superintendents. "The question arises as to the construction of Section 78 of the School Code when it says, 'nor shall they select any person who resides within the limits of a local school system operated independent of the County Board of Education.' Washington, in Wilkes County, under an Act of 1894, is an independent municipal system, but receives its funds through the County Board of Education, and not direct from this Department. Can a member of the County Board of Education residing in the City of Washington be elected? Can the people of Washington participate in the election for County School Superintendent?" Our Supreme Court has held that an independent school district is one wherein the funds derived for the support of its schools come directly from the State Superintend- ent of Schools, and not from the County Board of Education. However, so far as the particular case which you make by the foregoing inquiry, the matter appears to have been settled by an opinion in the case of Board of Education vs. Butler, 154 Georgia, 569. In the opinion of the Court by Justice J. K. Hines, the following statement is made: "2. The public school system of the town of Washington is entirely independent of the system of public schools in the County. Georgia Laws, 1890-'91, p. 1027. The schools under that system are under 'the control of a municipal board of education.' Georgia Laws, 1920, p. 1755. Each County is one school district which is under the control and management of a county board of education. (Code of School Laws, 1919, p. 320.) The two systems are wholly distinct and separate, and are supported by separate and independent funds. The municipal schools are supported by municipal taxes and their pro rata share of the school fund. The county schools are maintained by a school tax levied upon property lying outside of the corporate limits of Washington and by their pro rata share of the State school fund. The State fund, applicable to Wilkes County, is divided between the public schools of the town and those of the county in the proportion which the school popula- tion of the former bears to the school population of the latter." Since the Supreme Court has held thus directly and unequivocally that the public school system of the town of Washington is entirely independent of the system of public schools in the county, it would seem that the provisions of Section 78 of the School Code, hereinbefore quoted in your letter, are applicable in the instant case. Therefore, it would seem that it would be improper to elect a member of the County Board of Education who resides in the City of Washington. Section 147 of the Georgia School Code contains the following: "Provided, if there is in the county one or more independent school systems not under the supervision of the county superintendent, the voters of such independent system or systems shall not vote in the election for county superintendent." Manifestly, since the public school system of the City of Washington is "entirely independent of the system of public schools in the county," as held by our Supreme Court, supra, then under the law contained in Section 147 of the School Code, people re- siding in Washington cannot legally participate in an election of the County School Superintendent. Respectfully submitted, GEO. M. NAPIER, Attorney-General. Georgia State School Items Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923. Vol. I Atlanta, December 15, 1923 No. 4 APPORTIONMENT OF STATE SCHOOL FUND. The General Assembly appropriated to the public schools for 1924, $4,250,000--the same as for 1923-- with the additional provision that if the State's revenue should exceed $8,500,000, then one-half of the excess would be due the schools. In making out the apportionments to the different school systems, the pro rata had to be made, of course, on the definite appropriation of $4,250,000. Out of this $4,250,000, the law requires that $200,000 be set aside for high school and elementary aid for 1924. For 1923, only $100,000 was deducted from the $4,250,000, the $100,000 for high school aid to be taken out of the excess apportionment. As you know, the apportionments for 1924 were made upon the school census of 1923, while the ap- portionment of 1923 was upon the basis of the 1918 school census. The total school census for 1923 is 900,352 as against 840,861 for 1918. You will see, therefore, that, while the apportionment remains the same, there has been an increase in the total number of children and consequently a decrease in the per capita. The per capita for 1924 is $4.44. We hope, however, that this decrease will be made up, partly at least, by an excess over the $4,250,000. In order that you may be informed fully as to the apportionments for 1923 and 1924, and the school censuses of 1918 and 1923, the following statistics are given: COUNTY Census 1918 Census 1923 Apportion- ment 1923 Approtion- ment 1924 Appling -- Baxley ,....,,,, Atkinson Pearson Willacoochee Bacon _._ Alma Baker _ _.. Baldwin Banks - . . Barrow Russell Winder Bartow .-- Adairsville Cartersville Ren Hill Fitzgerald - -- Berrien Nashville Bibb Bleckley Oochran Brantley Brooks Bryan Bulloch .- Statesboro Burke Butts -. Oalhoun Camden St. Marys Campbell Palmetto Candler 2,960 339 1,995 292 273 1,853 273 2,525 4,641 3,768 3,408 34 837 6,088 174 1,058 2,533 1,837 3,681 535 19,329 2,871 516 1,873 7,678 2,427 8,715 715 10,007 4,177 3,460 2,074 267 3,232 318 3,103 3,445 380 2,405 289 460 1,936 357 2,642 4,996 3,485 3,128 46 900 6,303 233 1,359 2,853 2,086 4,019 549 19,489 2,915 575 2,115 7,489 2,084 8,402 1,070 8,948 3,736 3,252 1,878 238 3,473 347 3,070 $14,444.80 1,654.32 9,735.60 1,424.96 1,332.24 9,042.64 1,332.24 12,322.00 22,648.08 18,387.84 16,631.04 165.92 4,084.56 29,709.44 849.12 5,163.04 13,307.36 8,964.56 17,963.38 3,562.00 93,837.52 14,010.48 2,518.08 9,140.24 37,468.64 11,843.76 42,529.20 3,489.20 48,834.16 20,383.76 16,884.80 10,121.12 1,303.96 15,733.36 1,063.84 15,143.64 $15,295.80 1,687.30 10,678.30 1,383.16 3,043.40 8,595.84 1,585.08 11,730.48 32,182.24 15,473.40 13,888.32 204.24 3,996.00 27,985.32 1,034.52 6,033.96 12,667.33 9,361.84 17,844.36 3,437.56 86,531.16 13,943.60 2,553.00 9,390.60 33,251.16 9,252.96 37,304.88 4,750.80 39,729.12 16,587.84 14,438.88 8,338.32 1,056.72 15,430.12 1,540.68 13,630.80 mmmmmm Georgia State School Items COUNTY Census 1918 Carroll Catoosa . . . . Charlton - Chatham Chattahoochee Chattooga Menlo Cherokee Clarke Athens . Clay Bluffton Clayton Clinch Cobb Marietta Roswell. - - Coffee Broxton Douglas _ . . Nicholls . Colquitt . Doerun . Moultrie - Columbia .. . Cook Adel Sparks . Coweta . . Newnan. . Senoia.. . . Crawford-. Crisp . Cordele. .. Dade . Dawson . -. Decatur ._ Balnbridge DeKalb Decatur East Lake . Lithonla -- Dodge _ _____"__ Eastman . . _ Dooly . _. _ . Pinehurst Dougherty ..... Douglas _. Early . . - Blakely Echols - Effingham ... Elbert Emanuel . Evans Fannin Fayette Floyd ... . Rome .. Forsyth Franklin . . . . Canon Lavonia Martin . Royston .... . ... -- .. . 10,570 1,975 1,339 19,874 1,745 4,218 334 5,765 2,821 4,069 2,166 491 3,409 1,541 7,053 1,538 297 4,466 250 1,025 319 6,537 200 1,279 3,687 2,811 486 201 7,203 1,532 347 3,368 3,985 1,435 1,205 1,308 5,886 1,036 5,832 1,296 120 315 7,708 689 6,737 140 4,648 3,346 5,992 478 1,146 3,517 6,528 8,338 2,457 3,899 3,709 7,956 2,876 3,447 4,963 321 391 153 446 -Included in County Apportionment. Census 1923 10,901 2,365 1,519 23,196 1,254 4,316 305 6,481 2,617 5,070 2,141 396 3,338 2,010 7,141 1,919 349 5,079 310 934 261 7,685 223 1,597 3,511 3,026 667 216 6,601 1,881 354 3,395 4,009 1,568 1,195 1,300 6,526 1,483 7,933 2,218 187 422 7,584 839 7,721 5,744 3,230 6,282 709 978 3,810 6,820 8,638 2,416 3,957 3,457 8,284 3,745 3,572 5,173 295 548 184 484 Apportionment 1923 Apportionment 1924 $51,581.60 9,638.00 6,534.32 96,985.12 8,515.60 20,583.84 1,629.92 28,133.20 13,766.48 19,856.72 10,570.08 2,396.08 16,635.92 7,520.08 34,418.64 7,505.44 1,449.36 21,794.08 1,220.00 5,002.00 1,556.72 31,900.56 976.00 6,241.52 17,992.56 13,717.68 2,371.68 980.88 35,150.64 7,476.16 1,693.36 16,435.84 19,446.80 7,002.80 5,880.40 6,383.04 28,723.68 5,055.68 28,460.16 6,324.48 585.60 1,537.20 37,615.04 3,362.32 32,876.56 683.20 22,682.24 16,328.48 29,240.96 2,332.64 5,592.48 17,162.96 31,856.64 40,689.44 11,990.16 19,027.12 18,099.92 38,825.28 14,034.88 16,821.36 24,219.44 1,566.48 1,908.08 746.64 2,176.48 $ 48,400.44 10,500.60 6,744.36 102,990.24 5,567.76 19,163.04 1,354.20 28,775.64 11,619.48 22,510.80 9,506.04 1,758.24 14,820.72 8,924.40 31,706.04 8,520.36 1,549.56 22,550.76 1,376.40 4,146.96 1,158.84 34,121.40 990.12 7,090.68 15,588.84 13,435.44 2,961.48 959.04 29,308.44 8,351.64 1,571.76 15,073.80 17,799.96 6,961.92 5,305.80 5,772.00 28,975.44 6,584.52 35,222.52 9,847.92 830.28 1,873.68 33,672.96 3,725.16 34,281 .24 25,503.36 14,341.20 27,892.08 3,147.96 4,342.32 16,916.40 30,280.80 38,352.72 10,727.04 17,569.08 15,349.08 36,780.96 16,627.80 15,859.68 22,968.12 1,309.80 2,433.12 816.96 2,148.96 COUNTY Fulton Atlanta College Park- East Point Gilmer Glascock Glynn Gordon Sugar Valley.. Grady Pine Park Greene Gwinnett Buford Lawrenceville Habersham Cornelia Hal] Gainesville Hancock Haralson Harris Hart I. Bowersville.-. Hartwell Heard Henry Houston Irwin Ocilla Jackson Commerce Jasper Jeff Davis Hazelhurst... Jefferson Jenkins Johnson Jones Lamar BarnesvUle.... Lanier Laurens Cadwell Dexter Dublin Rentz Lee Liberty Lincoln. Long Lowndes Valdosta Lumpkin Macon Madison Marion Meriwether Miller Milton Mitchell Monroe Montgomery Morgan..- Madison Georgia State School Items Census 1918 6 ,871 32 ,520 839 1 ,252 3 ,041 1 ,450 4 ,945 5 ,033 64 ,470 74 ,429 ,011 624 498 ,956 330 ,263 ,702 ,052 ,567 ,287 ,887 140 587 ,734 212 ,300 675 547 581 645 ,195 ,030 305 ,989 094 883 ,557 ,636 939 676 ,796 83 131 ,561 129 481 ,478 943 610 498 ,471 638 119 073 ,906 ,368 262 ,227 892 ,291 959 516 578 Census 1923 10,189 52,069 1,287 2,230 3,054 1,410 5,074 5,244 63 6,739 97 5,574 7,662 1,001 709 3,894 388 6,750 2,094 5,452 4,677 4,935 5,198 106 781 3,597 5,775 7,446 3,857 612 6,496 884 4,443 2,285 428 7,142 4,247 4,425 4,002 2,686 811 1,604 9,427 70 126 2,168 96 3,436 2,879 3,141 1,341 5,311 2,841 1,654 5,289 5,588 2,531 7,670 3,110 2,135 8,885 4,779 3,675 4,561 580 Apportionment 1923 Apportionment 1924 $ 33,530.48 158,697.60 4,094.32 6,109.76 14,840.08 7,076.00 24,131.60 24,561.04 312.32 31,573.60 361.12 26,493.52 39,093.68 3,045.12 2,430.24 14,425.28 1,610.40 30,563.44 8,305.76 29,533.76 22,286.96 25,800.56 23,848.56 683.20 2,864.56 18,221.92 30,314.56 35,624.00 17,934.00 2,669.36 32,115.28 3,147.60 25,351.60 9,906.40 1,488.40 34,106.32 19,978.72 23,829.04 22,238.16 12,863.68 4,582.32 8,178.88 47,804.48 405.04 639.28 7,617.68 629.52 16,987.28 12,092.64 14,361.84 7,856.80 26,830.24 12,058.48 7,993.44 24,980.72 29,636.24 14,181.28 40,835.84 15,918.56 10,867.76 38,512.96 25,820.08 14,439.92 26,918.08 2,820.64 $ 45,239.16 231,186.36 5,714.28 9,901.20 13,559.76 6,260.40 22,528.56 23,283.36 279.72 29,921.16 430.68 24,748.56 34,019.28 4,444.44 3,147.96 17,289.36 1,722.72 29,970.00 9,297.36 24,206.88 20,765.88 21,911.40 23,079.12 470.64 3,467.64 15,970.68 25,641.00 33,060.24 17,125.08 2,717.28 28,842.24 3,924.96 19,726.92 10,145.40 1,900.32 31,710.48 18,856.68 19,647.00 17,768.88 11,925.84 3,600.84 7,121.76 41,855.88 310.80 559.44 9,625.92 426.24 15,255.84 12,782.76 13,946.04 5,954.04 23,580.84 12,614.04 7,343.76 23,483.16 24,810.72 11,237.64 34,054.80 13,808.40 9,479.40 39,449.40 21,218.76 16,317.00 20,250.84 2,575.20 Georgia State School Items COUNTY Census 1918 Murray Muscogee Columbus McDuffie Mclntosh Newton Covlngton Oconee Oglethorpe Paulding Pickens Nelson Pierce Blackshear Pike Polk Cedartown Pulaski Hawkinsville.-- Putnam Quitman Rabun Randolph.. Richmond Rockdale Conyers Schley Screven Seminole Spalding Griffin Stephens... Toccoa Stewart.. Sumter Americus Talbot Taliaf erro Tattnall Taylor Telfair Lumber City... Scotland Terrell Dawson Thomas Boston Thomasville Tift Tifton Toombs Towns Troup Hogansville LaGrange West Point Treutlen Turner Ashburn Twiggs Union . - Upson Walker Ohickamauga. 3,071 4,046 6,579 3,159 2,040 6,583 921 3,255 6,067 4,396 2,421 230 2,619 400 4,283 5,187 1,392 3,019 620 4,776 1,301 1,814 5,667 17,393 2,212 449 1,783 7,368 2,773 4,048 1,809 2,373 879 3,902 6,237 1,919 3,610 2,546 5,099 3,790 5,081 248 95 4,892 743 7,325 395 1,748 3,681 603 4,381 1,195 4,735 582 3,980 722 2,289 3,644 493 3,056 2,010 6,066 6,409 272 -Included in County Apportionment. Census 1923 2,938 5,412 8,552 3,243 1,996 6,352 1,029 2,760 5,395 4,217 2,634 235 3,300 442 4,266 5,210 1,759 2,732 741 4,534 1,258 1,991 6,145 18,864 2,251 463 1,974 7,560 2,822 4,565 2,616 2,748 1,288 4,155 6,583 2,270 3,360 2,501 5,377 4,241 5,560 273 107 5,825 948 6,778 358 2,101 4,084 808 4,726 1,300 5,093 717 5,237 702 2,605 3,465 626 3,646 2,152 6,269 7,033 452 Apportionment 1923 Apportionment 1924 $14,986.48 19,744.48 32,105.52 15,415.92 9,955.20 31,832.24 4,494.48 15,884.40 29,606.96 21,452.48 11,814.48 1,122.40 12,780.72 1,952.00 20,901.04 25,312.56 6,792.96 14,732.72 3,025.60 23,306.88 6,348.88 8,852.32 27,654.96 84,877.84 10,794.56 2,191.12 8,701.04 35,955.84 13,532.24 19,754.24 8,827.92 11,580.24 4,289.52 19,041.76 30,436.56 9,364.72 17,616.80 12,424.48 24,883.12 18,495.20 24,795.28 1,210.24 463.60 23,872.96 3,625.84 35,746.00 1,927.60 8,530.24 17,963.28 2,942.64 21,379.28 5,831.60 23,106.80 2,840.16 19,422.40 3,523.36 11,170.32 17,782.72 2,405.84 14,913.28 9,808.80 29,602.08 31,275.92 1,327.36 $13,044.72 24,029.28 37,970.88 14,398.92 8,862.24 28,202.88 4,568.76 12,254.40 23,953.80 18,723.48 11,694.96 1,043.40 14,652.00 1,962 .48 18,941.04 23,132.40 7,809.96 12,130.08 3,290.04 20,130.96 5,585.52 8,840.04 27,283.80 83,756.16 9,994.44 2,055.72 8,764.56 33,566.40 12,529.68 20,268.60 11,615.04 12,201.12 5,718.72 18,448.20 29,228.52 10,078.80 14,918.40 11,104.44 23,873.88 18,830.04 25,161.48 1,212* .12 25,863.00 4,209.12 30,094.32 1,589.52 9,328.44 18,132.96 3,587.52 20,983.44 5,772.00 22,612.92 3,183.48 23,252.28 3,116.88 11,566.20 15,384.60 2,779.44 16,188.24 9,554.88 27,834.36 31,226.52 2,006.88 COUNTY Walton Ware Fairfax.... Waycross. Warren Washington Wayne Webster Wheeler Alamo White Whitfield Wilcox Rochelle. Wilkes Wilkinson Worth Georgia State School Items Census 1918 6,836 3,074 58 3,073 4,174 8,894 3,594 1,716 3,016 149 2,002 5,005 4,784 282 6,569 4,417 7,843 Census 1923 6,459 3,350 78 4,004 3,828 8,539 3,848 1,761 3,349 2,225 6,506 4,791 299 6,087 4,316 7,237 Apportion ment 1923 Apportion- ment 1924 $33,359.68 15,001.12 283.04 14,996.24 20,369.12 43,402.72 17,538.72 8,374.08 14,718.08 727.12 9,769.76 24,424.40 23,345.92 1,376.16 32,056.72 21,554.96 38,273.84 $28,677.96 14,874.00 346.32 17,777.76 16,996.32 37,913.16 17,085.12 7,818.84 14,869* .56 10,012.20 28,886.64 22,599* .60 27,026.28 19,163.04 31,999.08 JUST TALK. --COMPLIMENTS OF THE SEASON-- To all school officials and teachers in Georgia we wish a Merry Christmas and Happy New Year, expressing our gratitude to God for His goodness and mercy, congratulating you upon your past endeavor and achievement, and wishing that the New Year will bring a more perfect union of the school folks of the State through the Georgia Education Association and, through this union, our dream of equal educational opportunity be realized. SCHOOL ITEMS. We are very anxious that every trustee of local school districts and every member of the city Boards of Education should receive copies of the State School Items. Many of the Superintendents have comnuedvrith our request and furnished a list of these. We would be very glad-if you have not done so alSadv-if vou will at your earliest convenience give us a list of these trustees and city boards and any other persons in the county that you think would, appreciate the Items, and it will be a great pleasure to put them on our mailing list. SCHOOL BOOK QUESTION. When the State Board of Education came to readopt books for the next period of five years, they found that, due to the restrictions placed upon the State Uniform Book act, such as the fifty per cent exchange clause and the expense of retail distribution, the publishers uniformly asked twenty per cent more f^Sthe books under State adoption than they were accustomed to ask under the Yeomans' Law K the State Board had adopted they would of necessity have imposed a twenty per cent tax upon those school!T of the state using the uniform books. They were unwilling to do this and referred the matter to the Legislature at its extra session for correction. This has been done by a bill just passed this session and will be published in full in the January issue of the School Items. This bill removes the fifty per cent clause and extends the provisions of the Romans' Law so that the State Board may adopt books without imposing upon the people this extra cost. You have already been instructed to lay in a reasonable supply of books during the Fall at the present prices and that no book would be changed before next September. Early in the Fall we had conside?aWrcomplaint that some of the publishers were not supplying the books ordered. However, uwn their attention being called to it this was quickly corrected and no further complaints have been ffled We must ^nf^ss thft we have found the publishers of schools books ever ready to.comply not only with the letter but the spirit of the State Uniform Law. However, if after January first, you find orders unfUled! take the matter up with the publishers first, and if you can not reachlan equitable agreement refer the matter to this office. L mammmn. CONSOLIDATION AND HIGH SCHOOL AID. Early In January blanks for state aid to consolidated schools and high schools will be sent to the county superintendents for distribution among such schools as apply for this aid. These should be promptly filled out by the schools making application and returned to the County Board of Education, who will in turn certify to the correctness of the report, and send to this office. They should be filed here, with the County Board's endorsement, by May first. Additional inspection of these schools will be made during May and June by the State Supervisors, and upon their report, with that of the County Board s, final apportionment of these funds will be made about July first. In reference to the high school aid, it is very important that the school asking for the aid shall show that they can offer better advantages to the country boy and girl than the other school, and upon the same terms that they give to their own pupils. In other words, the main object of this high school aid Is to help the country boy and girl to obtain a high school education. Hence the school offering the best advantage to them will be most apt to be accepted. CANDIDATES FOR COUNTY SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENT. In the former issue of the School Items there were published the qualifications for county school superintendent that must be certified to from this Department before they can be elected to this office. While It may not be necessary for the one now holding the office to obtain a certificate, still it would be better, and blank certificates are now on hand and as fast as requests come in will be sent the applicants. This Department only certifies to the educational qualifications of the candidate, which in no wise covers the other requirements of the law, requiring him to be a resident of the county for so long, nor does it even cover the moral character of the candidate, or his other fitness for the office. This, in all cases Is to be determined by the people electing, or by the County Board In the case of a special election. SCHOOL SURVEY. By the Christmas holidays, the following counties will have been surveyed: Rabun, Towns, Floyd Polk, Coweta, Pike, Lamar, Monroe, Washington, Johnson, Jefferson, Dodge, Telfalr, Wheeler, Ben Hill' Coffee, Bacon, Sumter, Lee, Dougherty, Mitchell, Oolqultt, and Thomas. The surveyors are to be congratulated upon the splendid work they have done In the surveying of these counties, and I wish to express my great appreciation to the county superintendents and boards of Education of each county for their splendid cooperation and assistance offered to the supervisors in making these surveys. Everything has been as it should be. Beginning in the January number of the School Items, there will be printed the results of these surveys, which will be continued until June, when the survey will be completed. It would be well to keep the copies of these School Items, in order that you may have a complete file of the survey of the State It would be well to compare your county with other counties and by this means you can readily judge vour own progress as well as your short-comings. During the month of January the following counties will be surveyed: Jones, Wilkinson, Twiggs, Houston, Macon, Dooly--by Mr. Duggan. Ware, Pierce, Brantley, Glynn, Camden, Charlton--by Mr. Pound. Screven, Effingham, Bulloch, Bryan, Liberty, Mclntosh--by Mr. Smith. . Gilmer, Pickens, Cherokee, Dawson, Forsyth, Milton--by Mr. Godard. Rockdale, Newton, Jasper, Upson, Crawford, Taylor--by Mr. Martin. Each of these gentlemen will take it up with you just when they will be in your County and I am sure they will receive from you the cooperation and assistance necessary to successfully make this survey. L Georgia State School Items 7 TALKS ON BANKING The American Bankers' Association, in co-operation with the Georgia Bankers' Association, is to be commended for its effort to instruct the children above the seventh grade in business economic laws and customs, especially in their relation to banking. There is great ignorance of even those who graduate from college of the simple rules of banking. Even many are ignorant of how to draw a check or how to make a deposit in a bank. The Georgia Bankers' Association is offering to every school m Georgia above the seventh grade to send a competent person to teach the children these simple rules of business transactions. This is a great opportunity extended the Superintendents of Georgia to avail themselves of this offer. You can get full information by consulting your local bank cashier or writing direct to Mr. Robert Strickland, Jr., Chairman of the Educational Committee of the Georgia Bankers' Association, Fourth National Bank, Atlanta, Ga. Their program consists of the following: Banking and Elementary Economics. The Bank Check. Loaning the Bank's Money. Character, the Basis of Bank Credit. The Bank and Your Investments. The Relationship Between Farmer and Banker. Our Relations and the Bank's Relations With the Rest of the World. I have made a careful examination of these and feel sure that you will miss a great opportunity if you fail to avail yourself of this unselfish offer of the Georgia Bankers' Association. ANNUAL STATEMENT The usual annual report required of superintendents of county and city schools will not be asked for this year. A financial statement for the year 1923 should be made out on blanks now being sent you. This report should be returned to the Department not later than January 15th. I can not too earnestly urge that it be an accurate and complete transcript of your financial operations during the year. The other part of the report is but a consolidation of information contained in Attendance Cards sent you some time ago. A blank for this information will be sent you later. DECISIONS OF STATE SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENT. IN RE CASE OP J. Y. WALKER VS. JACKSON COUNTY BOARD OF EDUCATION. (BEING AN APPEAL FROM SAID BOARD TO THE STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS.) December 7,1923. The matter to be decided is whether the following rule of the Board of Education of Jackson County is authorized under the laws of Georgia: "Rule 12. One or two-teacher schools shall not be allowed to teach above the seventh grade. Schools with three teachers, or more, may be allowed to teach high school subjects, subject to approval of the County School Superintendent." The State's appropriation must be used for elementary schools and the state demands that such a school be reasonably accessible to every child and taught for at least six months without any fee whatever. All grades above the seventh grade are supported by local tax, county-wide tax, incidental fees, etc.,--no part of the state appropriation being permitted to be used for this purpose. It is therefore clear that if the County Board of Jackson does not restrict in any way the first seven grades and, with a view to raising the efficiency of the school, does not allow the one and two-teacher schools to teach other grades without the permission of the County Superintendent of School, it in no way violates the state law and requirements. THEREFORE, it Is ordered that the decision of the County Board of Jackson be sustained. N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. _J 8 Georgia State School Items IN RE CASE OF PATRONS OF THE HARRISONVILLE DISTRICT VS. BOARD OF EDUCATION OF TROUP COUNTY. ATLANTA, GEORGIA. December 7,1923. This case comes to the State Superintendent of Schools upon a petition of several patrons of the Harrisonville school district, asking that judgment of the County Board of Education be vacated, when they ordered the school at Harrisonville consolidated with that at Midway, without permitting the people of Harrisonville district to even petition them for a vote upon the question. This question of the consolidation of Harrisonville district with two other districts and the establishment of a school in Harrisonville district, at Midway, had been under discussion by the Board since 1920. The Board's Minutes of May 1, 1923, are as follows: "Moved, seconded and duly passed that the action of this body on July 11, 1922, in the matter of consolidating Harrisonville and Midway schools stand ;i. e., that these two schools * be and are consolidated at Midway, and that the name shall be Harrisonville Consolidated School." Two weeks later, May 15th, the Board conceived the idea of effecting a larger consolidation--that of Hickory Grove School District and Freeman-Carter School district with that of the Harrisonville School District, and this order of consolidation was entered upon their minutes. Upon June 5th, a petition was presented to the Board by the patrons of these districts, asking for an election, and an election was ordered for August 3, 1923. The Minutes of the Board show that the result of the election was adverse to the consolidation and, then, upon August 21, the following entry was made upon the Minutes: "Resolved that it is the opinion of the Board that the school districts of Harrisonville, Hickory Grove, and Freeman-Carter are not consolidated as is shown by the election returns made to this body, but that it is the decision of the Board that the schools of Harrisonville and Midway, both located in the Harrisonville district, are already consolidated by former action at site of Midway and called Harrisonville Consolidated School. Further, it is ordered by the Board that the date for the election of trustees of the Harrisonville Consolidated School shall take place on Wednesday, August 29th, at the site of old Midway, and that none but qualified voters of Harrisonville school district may participate." Clearly the order for a larger consolidation annulled the action of the Board in making the smaller consolidation. Therefore this resolution of August 21st is the beginning point, and all the Minutes previous need not be considered. The question to be decided is whether the Board, acting upon Section 90 of the School Code, can consolidate two schools in the same district without giving to the people of that district opportunity to petition the Board for an election. The decision of the State School Superintendent is that it can not be done; that the right of petition for election must be preserved--this is clearly indicated in the following words of Section 90: "--whenever two or more schools are consolidated as hereafter provided--" which refer to the consolidation as given in Section 92 that requires, or that gives proper time for the patrons to petition for an election, and if as many as one-fourth of the patrons do petition (provided one-fourth of the said patrons shall consist of at least ten.) The minutes show that no such right or opportunity was given. THEREFORE, it is ordered that before the action of the Board in their Minutes of August 21st, consolidating the Harrisonville school with that at Midway, can become effective, notice must be given to the patrons of said school district that such an order has been passed and opportunity given them to petition for an election, and the results of said election--if held--shall decide the question of consolidation. N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Georgia State School Items Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Act Entered as second-class matter October 5, of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing 1923, at the post at special rate of office of postage Atlanta provided for0F in S^ ect^ ionr11J1S03,e, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923. ^==-----=--==: Vol. 1 Atlanta, January 1, 1924 No. 5 CONTRIBUTED BY M. L. DUGGAN The above is a picture of Millhaven school in Screven County recently burned while school was in session. Previously to the passage of the Fire Hazard Bill there was no rear exit to this building. However, after the passage of this law a rear stairway was constructed and, due to this precaution, several lives were probably saved, for the old stairway in front was cut off before the children from upstairs had time to escape. Below we give an editorial from Savannah Press: SAVING SCHOOL PUPILS Screven county has just had an experience which shows the value of an outside stairway to a public school building. The Millhaven school was recently destroyed by fire and the Sylvania Telephone in its account of the burning of the building says: The fire caught in a large box of waste paper on the front porch, and was not discovered until the flames broke the window glass and filled the room where one grade was at work. The fire spread so rapidly that the inside stairway to the second story was obstructed in a minute or two, and had it not been for an outside stairway that had recently been added, it would have been impossible for all of the" children upstairs to have escaped. As it was, nobody was hurt, though the building was entirely consumed. An outside stairway for the upper story of school buildings has recently been made obligatory in Georgia, and County School Superintendent H. J. Arnett has been enforcing this rigidly, withholding checks where it was not done. The wisdom of this regulation is now stressed by the burning of the Millhaven school building. The credit for the passage of the law providing for outside stairways in public schools belongs very largely to Mrs. Napier, the lady Legislator from Bibb. The Legislature convened last summer very soon after the terrible tragedy in a school building in South Carolina, where so many children and adults, too, met their death during a fire that caught while an entertainment was in progress on the upper floor. Mrs. Napier and a few other members of the General Assembly, profiting by this experience in a neighboring State, framed a bill making it obligatory that school buildings of two floors or more should have outside stairways. It was the passage of this law and its enforcement on the part of the School Superintendent of Screven county that prevented a tragedy in the Millhaven school fire. . School Superintendent Arnett of Screven seems to he made of the right sort ot stuff. He believes laws passed by the Georgia Legislature are made to be obeyed.--Savannah Press. SCHOOL BOOK BILL To be entitled an Act to provide a method by which school books may be furnished free, or rented, to the children of Georgia under a local option plan, by counties, cities, local school systems and separate school districts; to provide a time and method by which school books shall be adopted; to provide a method of distribution at definite prices; to repeal conflicting laws; to provide for exchange price of old books, and tor other purposes. Section 1 Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Georgia, That within sixty days after the passage of this Act it shall be the duty of the State Board of Education, acting as the State Text-Book Commission, to adopt a series of school books for the schools of the State according to the laws now govering the adoption of school books; provided, that the said Text-Book Commission shall not be limited or restrained by, or restricted to the 50% exchange rate for old books as provided in the Act of 1903, known as the State Umformitv Act, but the said State Text-Book Commission is hereby authorized and directed to obtain the best exchange rate for old books possible, provided that the exchange rate or allowance for the old books shall be as much as is allowed by the publisher of the new book as the rate allowed in any other State under like conditions and terms of adoption, provided the change of books under this Act shall not exceed 50% of the entire list for an adoption period. Section 2. Be it further enacted, That all the terms, conditions, and benefits ob- tainable and applicable, in the State Uniformity Act of 1903, and also of the Act of 1916, approved August 8th, known as the Yeomans Act, shall apply to and be available for all the schools of this State governed by the adoption made under this Act. Section 3. Be it further enacted. That for the purpose of furnishing free school books, either by renting, lending or giving them to the children of the State, any county, city, separate districts or independent school districts may have the right to use a part of their school funds derived from State appropriation, local taxation, gifts or bequests. according to the wish of the local school authorities. If a county as a whole wishes to rent, lend or give free books, the question may be determined by the Board of Education of the county. If a local or separate district wishes to so furnish books, the question may be determined by the Board of Trustees of such district, but must be approved by the County Board of Education. If the books are rented to the children, the rental price shall in no event be greater than 50% of the price of the book. For the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Section, it shall be the duty ot the State School Board, through the State Superintendent of Education, to devise plans, methods, rules and regulations governing the same. Section 4. Be it further enacted, That School Boards of any division handling school funds, are authorized to furnish books free to children whose parents or guardians, in the judgment of the School Board, are unable to provide their children with books. Section 5. Be it further enacted, That County Boards of Education shall be required to have on hand a sufficient supply of books for the various schools under their charge and shall give public notice five days prior to the opening of such session that such books are available and the County Boards of Education may designate some agent Or agents to handle such books for the various schools under their jurisdiction. Section 6. Be it further enacted, That all laws in conflict with this Act are hereby repealed. Approved Dec. 19, 1923. PUBLISHERS AND AUTHORS OF SCHOOL BOOKS--TAKE NOTICE The State School Book Commission of the State of Georgia will receive at the office of the State Superintendent of Schools in Atlanta, Ga., sealed bids or proposals up to Tuesday, 10:00 o'clock A. M., January 22, 1924, to furnish books covering the following subjects for a period of five years, to be used in the common or public schools of tins State, using the same in conformity with Section 18 to Section 39. inclusive, of the Georgia School Code, approved August 18,1919, known as the Uniform Text Book Law, and Acts amendatory thereof; also in conformity with Section 40 to 53, inclusive, of the Georgia School Code, approved August 18, 1919, known as the Yeomans' Text Book Law and Acts amendatory thereof, providing a uniform system of school books: Orthography, Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, Geography, English Language Lessons, English Grammar, History of Georgia, containing the.Constitution of the State of Georgia, History of the United States, containing the Constitution of the United States, Physiology and Hygiene, Elementary Agriculture and Civil Government. Bidders are required to deposit with the Treasurer of the State $500 for each series up to the total of $2,500 as a pledge for faithful compliance with their bids. The State School Book Commission reserves the right to reject any or all bids, and bids are to be submitted to all the restrictions of the law. CLIFFORD WALKER, President Georgia Schoolbook Commission. DISCOUNTING SCHOOL WARRANTS By virtue of the authority contained in an Act of the General Assembly of Geor- gia, approved August 13, 1915, pages 56-57, and amendment thereto, Georgia Laws, 1919, page 330, the undersigned acting for the local school authorities of Georgia, will receive bids at the office of the State Superintendent of Schools, at the Capitol in At- lanta, Thursday, January 17, 1924, up to 12 o'clock Noon Standard Central Time, seal- ed bids for the purchase of not over $3,000,000.00 of warrants to be drawn by the Gov- ernor on the funds appropriated by the Legislature for the public schools for the year II 1924, said warrants to be drawn at the end of each month in such sums as needed and for such amounts as are then due to the teachers. The warrants to be disposed of to the bid- der offering the lowest rate of discount. Said warrants will be issued by the Gov- ernor for the purpose of anticipating the collection of taxes for the year 1924, and will be payable February 1, 1925, except those issued in October and November, these ma- turing on March 1, 1925. Under the same law, warrants were issued and sold as fol- lows during 1923: February, $501,828; March, $555,889; April, $602,491; May, $395,- 066; June, $190,813; July, $136,462; August, and September, $40,685; October, $199,768; November, $230, 616. This should give an approximate idea of the time and amount of warrants needed. Bids will be opened at the office of the State Superintendent of Schools at 12 o'clock Noon, Standard Central Time, Thursday, January 17, 1924. The right is hereby reserved to reject any and all bids. This December 13, 1923. Approved: CLIFFORD WALKER, Governor N. U. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools SCHOOL SURVEY The list below is a tentative assignment of comities to the Surveyors for the months of January, February, March and April: MR. DUGGAN January--Jones, Wilkinson, Twiggs, Houston, Macon, Dooly. February--Emanuel, Treutlen, Toombs, Jeff Davis, Appling, Wayne. March--Gordon, Bartow, Paulding, Haralson. April--Hart, Franklin, Banks, Jackson, Madison, Elbert. MR. POUND January--Ware, Pierce, Charlton, Brantley, Camden, Glynn. February--Grady, Decatur, Seminole, Early, Baker, Miller. ilarch--Dade, Walker, Catoosa, Chattooga, Murray, Whitfield. April--Columbia, McDuffie, Warren, Glaseock, Lincoln. Wilkes, Oglethorpe. MR. SMITH January--Screven, Bulloch, Effingham, Bryan, Liberty, Mclntosh. February--Burke, Jenkins, Candler, Tattnall, Long. March--Lumpkin, White, Habersham, Stephens, Dawson, Forsyth. April--Hancock, Putnam, Taliaferro, Greene, Morgan, Walton! MR. GODARD January--Talbot, Marion, Schley, Chattahoochee, Stewart, Webster. February--Atkinson, Clinch, Echols, Lanier, Berrien, Cook. March--Union, Fannin, Gilmer, Pickens, Cherokee. April--Carroll, Heard, Troup, Meriwether, Harris. MR. MARTIN January--Rockdale, Newton. Jasper, Upson, Crawford, Taylor. February--Wilcox, Dougherty, Worth, Turner, Tift, Irwin. March--Quitman, Randolph, Terrell, Clay, Calhoun. April--Oconee, Barrow, Gwinnett, Lanier, Bleckley, Pulaski. The following counties will be surveyed from the office by special assignment. Cobb, Campbell, Douglas, Fayette, Clayton, Spalding, Butts, Henry, DeKalb, Milton. Fulton County will be surveyed by Mr. Carleton B. Gibson of Savannah, Musccee County by Mr. Willis A. Sutton of Atlanta. Bibb County bv Mr. Lawton B. Evans of Augusta, Richmond County by Mr. Roland B. Daniel of Columbus, Chatham County by Mr. C. H. Bruce of Macon, Clarke County by the Department of Education of the State Normal School, Baldwin County by the Department of Education of the Georgia State College for Women and Lowndes County by the Department of Education of the Georgia State Woman's College. Georgia State School Items Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923. Vol. 1 Atlanta, January 15, 1924 No. 6 SUMMER INSTITUTES Summer Institutes for teachers will begin Tuesday, July first and end with the State examination on Friday, August first. They will be held at the following places: First District A. & M. School, Statesboro, E. V. Hollis, Principal Second District A. & M. School, Tifton, S. L. Lewis, Principal Third District A. & M. School, Americus, J. M. Prance, Principal Fourth District A. & M. School, Carrollton, I. S. Ingram, Principal Fifth District A. & M. School, Monroe, J. H. Walker, Principal Sixth District A. & M. School, Barnesville, T. 0. Galloway, Principal Seventh District A. & M. School, Powder Springs, H. R. Hunt, Principal Eighth District A. & M. School, Madison, B. F. Gay, Principal Ninth District A. & M. School, Clarkesville, W. A. Hatfield, Principal Tenth District A. & M. School, Granite Hill, L. F. Elrod, Principal Eleventh District A. & M. School, Douglas, J. M. Thrash, Principal Twelfth District A. & M. School, Cochran, F. M. Greene, Principal and at Ellijay, Georgia, principal unassigned. Write Superintendent F. E. Pettit for the present. At least two other schools will be assigned--their places have not yet been determined. No teacher is compelled to attend any of these institutes. However, they are or- ganized primarily for the purpose of giving practical training to such teachers as will be employed in the schools for the coming year, who have not had normal training or any great amount of successful experience. It will be an opportunity to any teacher who expects to teach for the coming year in the public schools and every one who is not in attendance upon some other summer school will find it helpful and beneficial to attend these summer institutes. Especially they will be helpful towards making a higher grade of license, since much of the course will be directed along the lines of preparation for the state examination. Any teacher now engaged, or who is to be engaged in school work the coming year, will be admitted provided they obtain from the county school superintendent a certificate stating this fact and file this certificate with the principal of the school they wish to attend. It is understood, however, that these schools are organized to meet an emergency and in no wise conflict with the regular summer schools held in different parts of the state. All teachers who can attend these are earnestly recommended to do so. These summer institutes are for such teachers as can not and will not attend the regular summer schools held at the different colleges. The cost of attending these schools is $16.00 for board and $4.00 incidental. This $4.00 will cover the extra cost for lights, entertainments, etc. The faculty of these schools will be, as far as possible, master teachers. In each of them there will be at least a primary teacher, a teacher of Arithmetic, a teacher of English, and a teacher of Geography. The text books used will be the state-adopted books. No pedagogy, no psychology, no frills will be taught. The student body will be organized into classes and taught by the master teachers the same subjects that they will present in a short time to their children, with the hope of imitating the master teacher that they may better present the same subjects in their own schools. We are now looking for such a faculty. Any applications will be gladly received mmmmm GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS The State contract for uniform adoption expired January first. This list was im- mediately filed by the publishers under the Yeomans prices, which is the lowest net wholesale price at which the book is sold anywhere in America. These books, at wholesale prices, are furnished to Boards of Education or to their designated agent, who are per- mitted to charge not more than 15 per cent in selling them to the children. Of course Boards of Education can handle them themselves without any profit if they see fit- On January 22nd, the State Board will adopt for the next five years and ID the issue of School Items of February 1, complete data will be given as to this adoption. This adoption, however, will not require any book to be changed before next September. If you had ordered books at the old prices before January 1, and the publishers of the books have failed to send you the amount ordered, and you need these books, it is then- duty to make the order complete, even now, and should they fail to do so, I will appre- ciate it if you will let me know just what publisher has failed in this respect. The state books have been filed since January first at the following prices: READERS: American Book Company Wholesale Price Practical Primer Practical First Reader Practical Second Reader Practical Third Reader $ -24 -[TM -2 -3 Practical Fourth Reader -48 Chas. E. Merrill Company, 440 Fourth Avenue, New York City Graded Literature Reader, Fifth Book -60 Scott Foresman Co.--(Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta) Elson Reader, Sixth Grade -63 Elson Header, Seventh Grade TM Rand McNally Co.--(Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta) Powell's Spirit of Democracy -93% Row Peterson Co.-- (Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta) Reading Literature Primer -36 Houghton Mifflin Co.--(Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta) Riverside First Reader -36 Riverside Second Reader -42 Riverside Third Reader -45 Riverside Fourth Reader -48 Riverside Fifth Reader -48 Riverside Sixth Reader -54 Riverside Seventh Reader -54 ARITHMETIC: Chas. Scribners' Sons Morey's Little Folks Number Book -48 Ginn & Company Wentworth Smith Essentials of Arithmetic, Primary Book .42 Wentworth Smith Essentials of Arithmetic, Intermediate Book .48 n Wentworth Smith Essentials of Arithmetic Advanced Book .51 GRAMMAR: American Book Company Maxwell Johnson and Barnum's Speaking & Writing, Book 1 .36 D. C. Heath Company Modern Course in English, Book 1 .60 Modern Course in English, Book 2 .75 HISTORY: Benj. H. Sanborn Co.--(Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta) Evans' First Lessons in American History .495 Evans' Essential Facts of American History .765 Rand-McNally Company--(Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta) Mace-Tanner Old Europe and Young America $3% GEORGRAPHY: Ginn & Company Frye's New Geography, Book 1, with Georgia Supplement .96 Macmillan Company Tarr & McMurray's World Geographies, Second Book, Special Georgia Edition 1.20 PHYSIOLOGY: J. P. Lippinoctt Co.--(Sou. School Book Dep., Atlanta) Jones, Keep Well Stories .51 World Book Company--(Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta) Ritchie Caldwell Primer of Hygiene & Sanitation .60 Chas. E. Merrill Co.--(Southern School Book Dep., Atlanta) Winslow's Healthy Living .75 SPELLING: American Book Company Hunt's Modern Word Book for Primary Grades .30 Hunt's Elementary School Speller, Complete .39 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 5 HIGH SCHOOL AID Checks for elementary consolidation were sent out early in January. The High school aid cannot be sent until some time in March or April. This is due to the fact that it was not set aside from the 1923 school fund when the aid was apportioned. Necessarily it can not be paid until the four million two hundred and fifty thousand dollars have been paid into the Treasury. Then the first hundred thousand dollars above this will be used to pay it. It follows that if the school fund is paid no more for 1923 than it received for 1922 this aid cannot be paid at all unless the General Assembly passed it as a deficiency measure. However it is fair to say that the Governor has promised that the schools shall receive one-half the revenue of the state above eight million, five hundred thousand dollars. In that case, the high school aid will be paid about the time mentioned above and something like five hundred thousand dollars should be distributed to the county school boards. ON TO CHICAGO The Department of Superintendence, National Educational Association, will meet in Chicago, Feb. 23-28, 1924. Reduced railroad fare on certificate plan one and one-half rate. Kyle T. Alfriend, Forsyth, Ga., Director for Georgia. Would like to have a large attendance from Georgia. If you will write the State Department just stating that you are going and just what accommodations you wish, we will do the rest. Just write, right away. COUNTY SCHOOL SURVEYS In this issue of the Items, we begin the publication of the report of the surveyors upon the different counties. This will be continued, through May, when we hope that every county will have been surveyed. The published report is condensed from the surveyors' data handed in and it is believed to be sufficient to give a fair idea of the counties as a whole. From time to time we will indicate methods of interpretation. The survey is being conducted under the general direction of M. L. Duggan, assisted by E. A. Pound, I. S. Smith, George D. Godard, and J. O. Martin. The Georgia State College for Women, through Dr. Park, assigned Miss Lurline Parker, Miss Sarah Mell Duggan, and Miss Rebecca Hearn, who are doing splendid work towards consolidating the surveys and in every way aiding to make the survey a complete success. Many other persons are contributing valuable assistance, to whom we will call attention from time to time. A--Excellent; B--Very Good; C--Fair; D--Poor; E--Very Poor. 2 + =2 year or more. * Independent System; f--High School only; G--Private School. 2--=Less than 2 years. COWETA COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 13,447 15,999 29,446 9,089 6,231 3,453 291 16 1910 12,531 16,267 28,798 8,895 5,505 4,843 530 23.5 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates 10-18 Yrs. White 1918 3,958 1923 4,193 Colored 5,124 4,643 Total 9,082 8,836 White 48 16 Colored 92 68 Total 140 84 Personal $ 3,017,028 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS COWETA COUNTY TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land $ 5,453,790 Corporation S 1,822,290 Polls $ 2757 SCHOOL * jNewnan High * " Temple Ave.. * " Atk. Gram... * " Murray St.... East Newnan Grantville White Oak.. Senoia... Moreland Sargent Starr High Raymond Haralson Madras Midway Mt. Carmel Welcome. Handy Bethlehem Bethel Corner Branch Farmdale Huggins ... Happy Valley Wortham Macedonia Mclntosh Lee's Chapel Total t-High School only. -Independent. a K 0) 60 d 9 $15,930 13 3 11 11 9 9,359.50 12 7 13 10 9 5,356 78 6 9 1,395 32 1 9 2,340 74 2 9 6,885 11 8 8 9 1,195 9 2 9 4,945 11 6 9 2,810 9 4 9 3,105 10 5 9 3,990 11 8 9 1,305 8 2 9 1,890 10 3 9 1,125 8 1 9 540 8 0 9 1,305 10 1 9 1,890 10 3 9 1,215 9 2 9 495 7 0 9 450 6 0 9 450 6 0 9 450 6 0 9 585 7 0 9 720 7 9 450 7 9 540 7 9 540 5 9 585 7 09 39 26 11 22 03 0 0 6" 14 03 04 02 03 11 11 12 03 01 1 1 "i" 11 10 11 0 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. Satis. License Unsatis. 2+ Experience 2-- d 9> H >?,, m OS M a >> o w r-t dW do 5 !zj K +^ o O el CO 0 a1> S28? 30 aa '3 < pq H 5 84 297 AA 3 435 A CA 0 256 A BE 1 64 EO 4 196 DBB 5 201 ABB 2 30 A C 1 6 150 A B 3 130 A B 1 .190 DCD 3 ...284 BBB 1 51 ACO 2 - ..108 ACO 45 .... B C D 22 .... D D D 52 .... C B O 75 .... A C O 60 .... E D D 18 .... ADC 1 25 .... E D D 11 .... ADC 24 .... E D E 17 .... B D D 20 .... B D D 18 .... ODE 26 .... ADD 48 .... E C C 25 .... E D E 9 69,565.50 97 97 80 17 68 29 43 90 2878 B+C+C- Grade Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total 510 323 326 296 | 296 260 227 Number Accelerated 31 15 6 8 8 14 17 Number Normal... 356 215 211 166 158 142 119 Number Retarded 123 93 109 122 130 104 91 %Aecelerated- 6 5 13 2 5 7 %Normal_._ 70 63 62 56 53 55 53 %Retarded. 24 32 37 41 45 40 40 Median Age. Med. Retardation 149 105 43 14 63 45 43 46 3 13 42 43 55 44 88 82 2662 29 41 226 33 34 1542 26 17 894 32 50 10% 37 42 62% 31 8 28% GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS COWETA COUNTY RECOMMENDATIONS ON REPORT OF COWETA COUNTY SURVEY OCTOBER 29- NOVEMBER 2, 1923. By E. A. Pound, I. S. Smith, J. O. Martin, George D. Godard, Misses Sarah M. Duggan and Lurline Parker. As a result of a wise administration, Ooweta County is one of the aggressive counties, educa- tionally. It is one of the few counties that can have the following said of it: 1. A well organized county-wide system of consolidation has been planned which provides for elementary, junior high and senior high schools, accessible to every child in the county. As far as circumstances permit, this plan is being put into effect throughout the county. IK The Starr High School is a splendid example of an up-to-date consolidated school. 2. A nine months' coninuous term prevails throughout the county. 3. Teachers are paid much better than average salaries. This enables the Superintendent to secure better professionally equipped teachers for a longer tenure of service. Two- thirds of the teachers now in service in this county, have remained there from year to year. This also has a great bearing upon the achievement of the children in the schools. The following recommendations are submitted: 1. A continuation of the policy of consolidating small schools, which is entirely feasible on account of the good roads throughout the county. 2. A more strict enforcement of the compulsory attendance law. ""' 3. A more liberal supply of certain equipment, such as maps, globes, dictionaries, etc., in the schools. 4. A closer co-ordination between the work of the schools and that of the Home Demonstra- tion Agent and the Farm Demonstration Agent. 5. A more rigid enforcement of the Kea Health Law. Note: The County colored schools were not in operation at the time the survey was made. COLQUITT COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 20,875 8,457 29,332 9,225 7,841 2,382 218 11.5 1910 15,172 4,617 19,789 5,896 3,455 2,205 235 16 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. 1918 1923 No. Children 6-18 Yrs. White Colored Total White 5,950 6,889 2,066 2,616 8,016 27 9,505 23 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Illiterates 10-18 Yrs. Colored Total 77 104 59 82 Personal $ 2,143,400 Land Corporation $ 5,565,883 $ 501,690 Age-Grade Retardation Polls $ 2,695 Grade II III IV VI VI VIII IX XI Total Total 1376 675 569 630 559 394 341 221 127 76 39 5007 Number Accelerated 58 25 16 14 17 19 4 4 6 3 5 171 Number Normal... 820 297 215 195 192 141 118 89 63 41 25 2196 Number Retarded 498 353 338 421 350 234 219 128 58 32 9 2867 %Accelerated 43 22 351 1 54 10 3% %Normal 61 44 36 30 34 35 35 40 49 54 64 41% %Retarded ^.. 35 53 62 68 63 60 64 59 46 42 26 56% Median Age Med. Retardation mmm GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS COLQUITT COUNTY. SCHOOL C3 X! + P 03 ti S3 S3 03 M 03^ 22 do 30 M *fMoultrie High 9 $ 13,040 8 4 10 9 * " Central Gram.-- .9 15,320 16 7 17 17 734 17 2 15 220 BBB 722 ._B B B B * " First Ward Funston 9 4,250 5 4 5 5 522 172..C CAB /9Hi. 6,355 11 10 11 10 1 10 1 2 10 3 390 E AB \7E1. *Doerun 9 Norman Park (Pub.)... 7 Ty Ty } 5 Berlin 6 Culberson 5 Hartsfield 7 Cotton Mill 9 Crossland 7 Cool Springs 5 Bay Pole 6 Autreyville 6 Ellenton 5 Sunset 7 Poplar Arbor 5 Reedy Creek 5 Rock Hill 5 New Elm 7 Center Hill 6 Herring 6 Sinclair 7 Troy 5 Union 5 Rose Hill 5 Rocky Ford 7 Stallings 5 Mt. Sinai 7 Sigsbee 5 Pine Hill 5 Murphy 6 Evergreen 5 Bethel 5 Horn 5 Horkan 7 Hempstead 5 Schley 7 Sumner 5 Rochelle 7 McNeil 5 May 5 Oaky Grove 5 Old Elm 5 Pine Mount 5 Pleasant Hill 5+ Midway 5 NormanPark 9 6,775 3,460 2,600 2,430 1,825 2,975 3,225 1,960 1,350 1,180 1,145 950 1,505 925 1,000 1,075 950 690 840 1,050 650 575 675 1,085 575 740 650 625 1,020 325 325 325 525 325 455 300 390 325 325 300 350 450 325 325 16,569 7 11 8 8 7 13 2 6 205.. 9977 6 17 1 269_. 6 9 7 6 17 41 255.. 6 10 6342 4 5 4 1 214.. 685412314 180.. 595412 3 3 2 164.. 4 7 4 4 .... 2 2 14 .... 101.. 59422 43 112.. 484222 2 3 145.. 383122 1 1 120.. 383212123 81.. 383 3 322 136.. 3 10 3 3 3 34 110.. 373212 1 1 2 94.. 3 8 3 2 13 15 111.. 493212 1 1 1 59. 2832 2 13 89_ 2722 2 2 39- 2 7 2 2 .-_- 1 1 2 2 ---- 63_ 292 22 6 57. 282111 113 1 77. 282 2 112 2 46. 282111 1 2 1 .... 89_ 2 8 2 2 .-.. 112 69. 182111 1 1 1 48. 292 2- 2 24 61. 2 7 2 2 -._- 2 .-_. 1 88. 272111 121 71. 2922 2 1 64. 14 1 .... 1 1 .... 1 41. 271 1 11 34_ 2 7 1 .... 1 1 .... 1 1 .... 43. 2 7 11 1 45_ 17 1 11 1 37, 17 11 1 3 26_ 2 7 1 ...- 1 ..-- 1 1 43. 2 7 11 111 .... 36. 17 1 1 11 38. 17 1 1 11 42. 16 1 1 11 46. 17 11 1 1 33. 17 11 .__- 1 4 .... 52. 18 1 .-.. 1 1 2 -_-- 39. 17 1 11 12 34. 11 12 14 14 866 204. BAB DAD E AD DE D EBD EEC ACB EAC E DD EDC EEO EDC E CC EDC E CD DDO E E D C Cc E E D C D c E CB EDC E DD ECC DDD ODC E DD E CD CDC E DE CDE E DD EDE E DE EDC E DE EDO DDD EDC E DE EBC E CD DDE EDE DEB Total 6+$105,409 t-High School only. 170 170 129 41 120 53 87 76 29 6028. .... E+ D+--D+ -Independent. -Private School. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS ! COLQUITT COUNTY REPORT ON COLQUITT COUNTY SURVEY BY E. A. Pound, J. O. Martin, Miss Lurline Parker, Nov. 1923. Colquitt County is to be commended for the interest it is now manifesting educationally. It is one of the pioneer counties in the matter of consolidation of schools, but the ideal has not been attained in this county as scores of rural children have not an equality of educational opportunity. The reasons for this are as follows: The county has too many small schools teaching, too many grades to the teacher. These schools should be merged into larger schools in at least fourteen places. The terms of the rural school are too short, varying from five to seven months. Many of the buildings are old and unsightly, some absolutely unfit for school purposes. These should eventually be abandoned for new consolidated schools. The sanitary conditions of the schools should be improved. There are too many so called High Schools. It is recommended that the county and city build a joint High School in order to take care of those children who are now denied this advantage. 6. Attendance upon summer school has been the habit with perhaps a majority of teachers. However, there are some teachers inadequately prepared for the work they are doing. The esprit de corps is fine and is largely attributable to the spirit of the County Superintendent, who is interested in his work and is in every way capable and efficient. The attendance upon schools is very fine. There are-in this county only twenty three white illiterates between the ages of ten and eighteen. It is the desire of the Superintendent to eliminate illiteracy entirely during the next few years. More than three fourths of the districts of the county are levying a local tax from two to ten mills in addition to the county wide tax of five mills. 10. The negro schools should be given more attention. Very little per capita is spent upon them and there is not a decent school building in the county. 11. More attention should be given to water supply. 12. Despite all these handicaps, this county is moving forward and the hope is entertained that eventually it will rank amongst the very first in the state. TOWNS COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total Years 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years Years 1920 3,937 3,937 1,181 1,043 254 17 9 1910 3,917 15 3,932 1,248 992 436 40 15.9 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates 10-18 Yrs. White 1918 1,195 1923 1,300 Personal Colored Total White 1,195 13 1,300 22 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored Total 13 22 Polls $217,838 $561,906 $3,476 $973 F^ iimppfi tmmmm 10 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS TOWNS COUNTY. Age-Grade Retardation Grade I II III IV V VI TotaL -. 319 114 113 173 123 62 Number Accelerated. 19 3 1 4 2 2 Number Normal 173 34 35 32 22 11 Number Retarded... 127 77 77 137 99 49 %Accelerated 5 3 1 2 2 3 %Normal 54 29 31 18 17 17 %Retarded 41 68 68 80 81 80 Median Age --- Med. Retardation VII Total 70 974 2 33 15 322 53 619 3 6 28 33 69 64 4-> SCHOOL 03 2d + P cS CV! d +3 d >> OS 03 CD a 03 M o aH is w W) jCD cd 1- CD >> aCD o cci 0 O CD 1 a4^> aCD o 6 03 H 6 fc 'A CO + tn CM | +3 rH 5 w m aH 30 CD W) n1 CO c3 cS C3 &C3 M, C3 3 do waoaCauD M CD & 1 w a CD a 22 p. 3a1 9 $ 6,120 12 11 8 8 0 5 3 6 0 25 195 A A+ A+ A 9 6,030 12 11 88044 70 201 A B A+ A 9 1,980 4 10 32112 35 78 O D A B 9 675 141101010 8 BOO 9 $ 14,805 29 .... 20 19 1 11 9 17 5 25 482 A B A A- GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 15 LEE COUNTY Age-Grade Retardation Grade II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total Number 65 62 47 45 57 43 44 45 35 29 20 49'2 Accelerated 34235543332 37 Number Normal... 50 48 34 22 40 23 21 24 22 21 18 323 Number Retarded 12 10 11 20 12 15 19 18 10 5 0 132 %Accelerated 56469 11 968 10 10 7 %Normal 77 77 72 48 70 53 48 53 63 72 90 65 %Retarded 18 17 24 46 21 36 43 41 29 18 0 28 Median Age _* Med. Retardation REPORT ON LEE COUNTY SURVEY By J. O. Martin and Miss Lurline Parker. Dec. 1923. Lee County has completed the most perfect system of consolidation of which schools, of which we have any record. This affords almost equal opportunity to every white child; a nine months' term taught continuously in a graded school, where teachers are trained for their specific grades and where the buildings and surroundings are positive in practically every influence that can be brought to bear upon the life and development of the child. Achievement tests in fourth and seventh grades show for fourth grade acceleration in both Reading and Arithmetic, while there is a retardation in Seventh Grade, of two years in Reading and one year m Arithmetic. The causes of these results may be attributable to the difference in opportunities for thorough work in the lower grades. Since 1919 all the schools, numbering eighteen, have been consolidated into three schools The children m the present seventh grades were at that time distributed among the small schools where educational opportunities were meager as contrasted with the opportunities that have been afforded the children of the present fourth grades in the new consolidated schools. This unusual accomplishment is a result of the efforts of Supt. S. J. Powell and the County Board of Education. Mr. Powell has labored earnestly and unceasingly giving his entire time to the thought and effort of making the system the ideal one which it now is. In this, he has had the undivided support of an able and fearless Board. The whole achievement is well worthy of careful study and prompt emulation by other counties, for it has no parallel; and it approaches the realization of the ideal "Equal educational opportunity for all the children". SCHLEY COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 2,144 1910 1,922 3,099 3,291 5,243 5,213 1,702 1,722 1,380 1,209 407 748 43 99 10.9 20.4 STJ*.TE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 633 1923 723 Personal $604,528 Colored Total White 1,150 1,251 1,783 1,974 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land $895,640 Corporation $211,071 Colored 3 20 Total 6 24 Polls $910 16 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS SCHLEY COUNTY SCHOOL 'Ellaville Glenn Holley Ebenezer. Fellowship County Line Midway Concord TotaL. CO 9 $ 7,320 7 1,715 8 1,200 8 1,280 7 875 7 920 7 875 $ 13,897 + P C3 >tS>CMD 15 CO Co 6 OdSo'S _.__11 8 8 .... 5 3 4 ....10 3 2 1 3 1 .... 8 3 3 .... 2 13 ....10 2 2.... 2 .... 9 2 2.... 2. 1 .... 9 2 2 .... 1 1 2 .... 10 2 2 .... 1 1 2 !82 C 80 E 62 61 47 E 40 57 E 22 21 1 16 6 13 629 E a CD a cd H 0 5 "! ^n p. CD ^0 IT oj 10 10 18 21 17 12 11 9 '9 35 23 12 11 9 10 10 9 11 10 11 10 10 16 2 36 3 1 9 22 13 22 4 22 22 21 3 a >> CO 03 03 M S * 03-3 6K 30 !5 n 1 269 A+ B A 4 555..A A+ B A 3 320 A+ A+ A 94 A+ B C 16 A+ B C ... 219_ D A+ A ... 116. ... 97 . Ec O B B B 5 112. B A B 0 125. C A C 0 87. C A+ B 3 132. __. 55. 1 118. B B C Cc Cc cc 88 83 75 8 60 20 25 5 8 2315._. . B-- B B-- Age-Grade Retardation Grade I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total 287 246 235 271 206 220 188 Number Accelerated 12 8 18 19 19 10 17 Number Normal... 239 206 153 185 166 144 112 Number Retarded 36 32 64 67 77 66 69 %Accelerated 4387849 %Normal 86 83 65 68 80 60 50 %Retarded 10 14 73 25 12 36 41 Median Age Med. Retardation 166 178 138 8 16 4 122 100 99 36 62 35 593 73 56 71 22 35 26 99 2234 6 137 77 1603 16 560 66 77 71 17 23 REPORT ON SUMTER COUNTY (By E. A. Pound, J. O. Martin, Miss Lurline Parker.) Dec. 1923. The school authorities of the county are to be congratulated for the great work they have done in the matter of consolidation. In this respect, Sumter County is one of the banner counties of the state. There are today in Sumter county, 38 colored schools, and only 10 white schools. In these ten schools are to be found more than fourteen hundred children, receiving an education under conditions that more nearly approximate the opportunity of the city child than in anv other county 18 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS SUMTER COUNTY thus far surveyed. Nine of the ten schools represent consolidations, and in all of them improve- ment has been most marked. Sumter county today has in course of construction five first class Rosenwald buildings upon which the colored population should look with pride. The teachers of the county are faithful and as a rule, efficient. The schools of Americus are under the superintendency of a gentleman who has given his life to the work of education. Most of it having been spent as superintendent of the Americus schools, to which he gives his entire time. He has developed a splendid system of schools, however, in order to more efficiently and effectively relate the education given to the life of the pupils, there should be erected at Americus a county High School, a school to be erected by city and county j oint- ly in order to take care of adolescents of both city and county. About 70% of the teachers of Americus have remained there from year to year, and practically all are teachers with professional training and experience. In achievement tests given in three grades, the fourth and ninth showed acceleration. Sumter county is to be commended for what it is doing in the cause of education. BEN HILL COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates Iffl White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 9,039 5,560 14,599 2,226 1,552 1,053 90 6.3 1910 6,962 4,901 11,863 3,099 2,079 1,344 122 15.3 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yis. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 2,502 1,857 4,359 3 1923 3,107 1,832 4,939 7 14 43 17 50 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal $1,060,390 Land $2,982,997 Corporation $369,281 Polls $2,451 * '] SCHOOL c3 + CO & cS 'fFitzgerald Hi. School. 9 $13,120 10 4 10 10 ... 5 * " 1st Ward 9 6,210 8 6 8 8... 2 * " 2nd Ward 9 6,255 7 88 1 * " 3rd Ward 9 5,480 7 7 7 .... 7 . 4 Lenwood :.... 7 2,380 10 5 5 .... 4 1 3 Ashton 7 2,015 9 5 5 .... 3 2 3 Cotton Mill Roanoke Dorminy Evergreen 7 1,960 8 1,640 7 1,505 5 575 431 31 321 21 3 3 .... 1 2 2 ... 2 2 Emory. Lakeview Vaughn Taylor 5 700 5 625 5 600 211 211 211 2. ~2~ 11 Englewood Crisp 5 200 5 300 1 ... 1 1 1 ... 1 1 Oakridge 5 375 rt OS M ffl cs-s 6 216..B B A A 335.. B D C B 345 E A B 306..B A A A 217 E A O 206 E C B 162 E O C 100.... C E C 86 E C O 57 D B C 65. E C O 57 D D D 47 D D C 24.... E D D 20 D D D 37 E C C Total -Independent. 6+$ 43,940 68 64 55 9 46 18 32 ... 6 2280 ] f-High School only. CC Grade GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 19 BEN HILL COUNTY. Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total ... 507 257 310 314 239 212 158 145 79 37 39 2,297 Number Accelerated ... 19 4 17 23 3 7 3 15 3 2 96 Number Normal ... 329 144 148 131 96 94 67 72 45 22 32 1,180 NumberR etarded ... 159 109 145 160 140 111 88 58 31 15 5 1,021 %Accelerated ... 3 1 5 7 1 3 2 10 4 0 5 4 %Normal ... 65 56 48 42 40 44 42 50 57 59 82 51 %Retarded ... 32 43 47 f 51 59 53 56 40 39 41 13 45 Median Age, Med. Retardation REPORT ON BEN HILL COUNTY SURVEY (By G. D. Godard and I. S. Smith.) Nov. 1923. Recommendations: 1. Further condolidation of schools is advisable. 2. The Negro school houses are deplorable and should be improved in some way. Only one or two houses are at all creditable. 3. The lack of funds, as elsewhere, is impeding the progress of the school work. The work of the county superintendent is earnest and sincere. The efforts to improve the school facilities for white children have yielded desirable results. The white city schools are in good shape. The capacity must be increased soon. The plan adopted for furnishing free textbooks to the pupils is working well. There should be erected a suitable school building for negroes. This is the one greatest need. RABUN COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White 1920 5,448 1910 5,400 Colored 289 156 Total 5,737 5,556 6-18 Years 1,680 1,682 Attending 1,470 1,171 Over 10 Years 460 564 16-20 Years 30 55 Per Cent 26.0 35.9 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,763 1923 1,949 Colored Total White 51 1,814 51 42 1,991 24 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored Total 51 24 Personal $374,162 Land $1,151,347 Corporation $1,018,548 Polls $1,423 20 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RABUN COUNTY. SCHOOL 03 CO i <6U 30 pq g3 . w Clayton 9! Dillard 9 Tiger 6 Lakemont 6 Chechero 6 B oiling Springs 6 Wolf Fork 6 BaldMt 6 Glades 5 Betty's Creek 6 Grove 6 Hamby 6 Camp Creek 6 Antioch 6 Liberty 6 Mt. Grove 6 Mt. Pleasant 5 Persimmon 6 Plum Orchard 6 Powell Gap 6 Timson 6 .Wiley 6 Wolf Creek 6 Pleasant Ridge 6 Bleckley Memorial 9 Rabun Gap Industrial 9 6,345 9 11 5,005 11 9 1,170 3 7 810 1 7 930 2 7 900 2 7 720 2 7 330 1 4 330 1 7 450 1 7 480 1 6 330 1 7 240 1 7 450 1 10 480 1 7 330 1 8 240 1 7 450 1 7 240 1 5 240 1 7 240 1 7 450 1 6 450 1 6 330 1 7 11 10 8 6; 3 7 .... 6 2 3 1 2 .... 2 .. 2 .... 2 .. 2 1 2 .... 2 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .... 1 ._ 1 1 .. 1 1 .. 11 1 .. 11 1 .. 1 .... 11 1 11 1 1 1 11 1 11 ... 1 1 ... 1 1 32112 4 4 293 D EB 154 D AD 96. DD 89 E D 84 E D D 54 E D O 43 E D D 9 EDC 33 E E E 47 E D D 38 E D E 29 E D E 15 DDE 52 E D E 49 E D E 35 E E E 13 E E E 36 E D E 14 E E E 19 E E E 19 E E E 51.... E D D 29 E D E 29 E E E 27 E 100 ... C C U Total 6 $ 21,940 47 50 41 9 39 11 32 1457. E D C Age-Grade Retardation Grade II III IV VI VII VIII IX XI Total Total 404 185 177 200 166 134 111 27 24 17 3 1448 Number Accelerated 33 3 3 4 2 5 7 57 Number Normal 215 72 62 47 46 125 32 15 11 10 1 536 Kb" Retarded 156 110 112 149 118 104 72 12 13 7 2 855 ^Accelerated 8 2 2 2 14 6 4 %Normtl 53 39 35 24 28 17 29 56 46 60 33 37 %Retarded 39 59 63 74 71 79 65 44 54 30 66 59 Median Aee 7.5 9.5 10.5 11.9 13.1 14.1 14.8 14.8 16.2 16.8 18.2 Med Retardation::".:'."- 0.5 1.5 1.5 1.9 2.1 2.1 1.8 0.8 1.2 0.8 1.2 REPORT ON SURVEY OF RABUN COUNTY (By all the supervisors.) Oct. 1923. We submit herewith itemized reports of inspections of each individual school in Rabun County, Georgia, and several summaries of the entire public school system of the county. Particular attention is directed to several matters of outstanding significance in Rabun Un (1) The serious lack of attendance, and therefore the importance of a better enforcement of the compulsory attendance laws. This lack of attendance is seen from the fact that while the last school census shows 1949 children of school age, the current year's enrollment shows only 1380. (2) Teachers. The reports show forty-three teachers in the county. Of these, twenty-five are teaching in their present schools for the first time, and ten others for their second year, indicating a frequent change of teachers. Twenty-six of the teachers have never had scholarship beyond the high school, and four have never been above the seventh grade in school. Seventy-two per cent of the county's children are being taught by untrained teachers, and commonly the least trained and lowest paid teachers are charged with the responsibility of training beginners. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 21 (3) Age-Grade and Achievement Retardations. Particular attention is called to retardation tables for each school and summaries of these for the county. It will be seen from these tables that 57 pupils in the county are accelerated or under-age for their grades. Some of these were evidently graded beyond their abilities or advanced abnormally. Only 222 pupils were of normal age for their grades, while 1098 were over-age for their grades by from one to ten years. The school time lost to the children of the county by reason of this retardation amounts in the aggregate to 3018 years, which is a tragic loss to the county. Achievement retardations are even more serious in the rural schools of the county than age-grade retardations. Achievement tests were given in reading and arithmetic to pupils of fourth and seventh grades. The results of these tests show that the abilities of 75% of the pupils in the county's schools (excepting Clayton and Dillard) are only equivalent to that normally expected of third-grade children; and that 75% of the pupils in the seventh grades shows only fourth grade abilities. Or in other words, that most of the children of the fourth grades are only third grade, and that most of seventh grade pupils are in reality only fourth grade pupils. (4) Sanitation. From our reports upon individual schools it will be seen that the very important matters of sanitation have been sadly neglected generally. Drinking water is supplied from safe wells or springs generally, but there are a few notable exceptions. Nowhere are individual drinking cups insisted upon, except at Clayton, where a fountain is used. At nineteen of the schools no toilets are provided; at one there is only one surface toilet; at three there are two surface toilets; none of these are kept in sanitary condition. At Clayton flush toilet system is provided. (5) Particular attention is called to the very short distances between certain schools of the county, and the very poor work being accomplished in these little schools. These combined conditions call loudly foi consolidations. No "natural obstacles" stand in the way and only the prejudices and preferences of the people stand between these little inadequate schools of better educational opportunities for the children. (6) The work done in the high schools, and the Rabun Gap Industrial School, and the Bleckley Memorial School, are not included in this report, but are included in a separate report. THOMAS COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population | Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 Years 16-20 Years Per Cen 1920 15,780 17,263 33,043 9,951 8,037 4,101 385 16.7 1910 11,984 17,086 29,070 8,645 4,709 4,820 505 22.8 <> STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 4,176 1923 4,524 Colored Total White 5,292 4,713 9,468 32 9,237 13 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 187 86 Total 219 99 Personal $3,259,974 Land $8,678,612 Corporation $1,301,637 Polls $3,811 SMWW .--umimwjinini 22 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS THOMAS COUNTY. a SCHOOL 03 H i in |3 nj os 033 SO ices "M"E. Church, ^Private School, Private Kindergarten and First Grade, Private Business School, JPrivate School, 7 mi. from Thomasville. Grade Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Tnta1 531 439 383 403 427 386 268 245 170 146 Nuinber Accelerated 42 18 22 20 37 38 16 9 7 11 Kb" Normal I" 384 280 195 197 202 167 110 109 105 90 NuSberRetTrded.' 104 141 165 186 188 181 142 129 58 45 ot Accelerated -84659 10 6448 iNomli,,.!,,::::::::::::::. TM 63 u 48 47 43 47 6 %Retarded 20 32 43 47 44 47 53 51 35 31 Median Age Med. Retardation 95 3493 11 231 64 1903 20 1359 10 b 67 54 23 40 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 23 THOMAS COUNTY REPORT ON THOMAS COUNTY SURVEY By E. A. Pound, J. O. Martin, and Miss Lurline Parker. Nov. 1923. This county has made educational progress during the past few years, the spirit of the people being evidenced in the fact that bond issues have been voted during the past few months, as follows : Thomasville, $140,000 for a new and up-to-date High school; Pavo has voted $50,000 in bonds for a new building, and soon Boston is to have an election on a $40,000 bond issue for better schools. Improvements may be made in the following particulars: (1) The county needs two or three consolidations in order to give the children a better educational opportunity. Many of the small buildings now used as schools should be eventually discontinued and these schools placed in larger consolidated schools. (2) The average of preparation of the teachers should be raised. Thomas county has some very fine teachers, but too often there was found a teacher who was not adequately prepared for her work. (3) The sanitary conditions of the schools, both white and colored should be improved. (4) The county has thirteen high schools and these, as a rule, are doing good work. Ordi- narily the one-year high school is a costly proposition--and where possible, these eighth grade pupils should be removed to a larger high school. (5) Better buildings, more equipment, improved teachers, longer terms, the development of at least an approximation of an equality of educational opportunity--these are the needs of Thomas County. m > Georgia State School Items Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1933, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923. Vol.1 Atlanta, February 1, 1924 No. 7 GEORGIA CERTIFICATION OF TEACHERS ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION. Certificates to teach hereafter will be issued by the State Superintendent of Schools under authority of the State Board of Education. There will be only one exception to this rule. The County School Superintendent may issue Special Temporary Certificates, good until the next State Examination. These certificates can be of no higher rating than that of the third grade. Teachers' certificates are of two kinds. 1. By examination. 2. By certification of proficiency from approved schools and colleges. Examination questions will be sent out from the office of the State Superintendent of Schools at stated periods. All certificates, whether by examination or certification from approved schools and colleges will be of three classes: 1. Provisional. 2. Professional. 3. Life Professional. A Provisional Certificate Is one issued either on examination or certification from an approved school or college that applicant has had less than three years of successful experience of at least eight months a year and has not in that time studied at approved summer, or other approved schools. A Professional Certificate is issued upon the applicant's presenting a Provisional Certificate with evidence of having taught three years of at least eight months eacb year and attended summer school, or by other good evidence showing study and progress in educational subjects. A Professional Certificate may, at the end of seven years (or at least ten years in all) be converted into a Professional Life Certificate by presenting evidence of having taught successfully and made progress in education. This may be shown by certificates from approved school and colleges or by examination and other satisfactory evidence. CERTIFICATE BY EXAMINATION. General Elementary General High School Special High School The general rule is that a teacher holding any first grade certificate should have the education of a High School graduate. This, however, will not be required for second and third grade certificates, as will be explained later. A teacher to hold a Genera! High School Certificate should have an education corresponding to a graduate of a standard Junior college. A Special Subject High School Certificate has all the requirements of a General High School Certificate and in addition an extra examination in a Special Subject or group of subjects, or evidence of special proficiency in this subject or group of subjects. pm GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS GENERAL ELEMENTARY CERTIFICATE. Applicants for the general elementary certificate are required to take an examination of the following subjects: 1. Reading and Literature. 2. Writing. 3. Spelling. 4. Arithmetic. 5. English Composition, Grammar, and Literature. 6. Elementary Science (including Physiology, Health and Agriculture.) 7. United States History and Civics. 8. Geography. 10. The following subjects classed as High School: English, History, Mathematics, General Science. The questions based on these subjects will be of a general nature to show that the applicant has the educational equipment of a High School graduate. The applicant may present certificate of work in other High School subjects in lieu of any of these and will be considered by the Board of Examiners. For example, the applicant cannot answer the questions in Mathematics. He may offer certificates of High School or other good evidence that he has satisfactorily passed an ordinary High School Latin course or one in Home Economics, etc. The applicants will only have to satisfy the Board of Examiners that they have had the equivalent of a High School education. II HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES. The basal examination for high school certificate will be general in its character, including questions in English, History, Mathematics, General Science, Physiology, Physical Geography, Methods. As in the case of the General Elementary Examination the applicant may present to the Board of Examiners evidence of having completed other subjects not contained in the examination which may be substituted for such as the applicant may have studied. The object and purpose of the test is to show that the applicant has an education equivalent to a graduate of a Junior College. In addition, to receive a Special High School Certificate the applicant will take one or more of the following groups: 1. Mathematics: Arithmetic, Algebra, Plane and Solid Geometry, Trigonometry. 2. English: Grammar, Composition and Rhetoric, and English and American Literature. 3. Science: Agriculture, Biology (Elementary Physiology, Botany, Zoology) Physics, Chemistry. (Take any two.) 4. Languages: Latin, Greek, French, Spanish, German. (Take any one.) 5. History: Ancient, Modern, United States, and Civics. Each special high school certificate will show that the holder is qualified to teach the subjects mentioned therein in a Senior High School, i. e., tenth, eleventh and twelfth grades. Ill CERTIFICATE BY CERTIFICATION OF APPROVED SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES. General Elementary. Issued to high school graduates who, in addition to their regular high school work, have taken the prescribed Teacher-Training Course. The Plan. 1. High schools desiring to qualify for such classes must make application on official blanks for recognition. 2. The high school must be a four-year standard school. Teachers of this course must be approved. 3. It must have a library (including at least thirty reference books on teaching); a labora- tory; courses in home economics; and physical training must be given. 4. Provision must be made for practice teaching and observation. 5. There will be a uniform course for these classes, given during the fourth year of the High School to occupy no less than one-fifth of the time, with extra work on nine Saturdays. Pupils should be at least seventeen years of age. One unit's credit will be allowed this course towards graduation. 6. The work of these classes will be supervised by the State Department; the professional work should be taught by one of the High School teachers, but in practice teaching, the instructor should be assisted by the principal of the elementary school. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 3 7. The final papers in the Teacher-Training Courses should be corrected by the Teacher and sent to the State Department, with the final record of the pupil in all studies of the High School completed for graduation. 8. On the pupil's completing the high school and the teacher-training course, the State Department will issue a provisional certificate to teach in the elementary schools of the state, good for three years. This certificate may be converted into a professional general elementary, as other provisional certificates. NORMAL CERTIFICATE. (a) A graduate of an approved Normal School, the prescribed curriculum of which extends at least two years beyond the high school and the course completed by the graduate to include 1. Psychology and methods the equivalent of three hours a week throughout a scholastic year; 2. School Management, health, and school hygiene, the equivalent of three hours a week throughout the year; 3. History of Education, the equivalent of three hours a week for one-half the year; 4. And observation and teaching, the equivalent of three hours a week for one-half year, will be issued a provisional normM certificate. The Provisional Normal Certificate will also be issued upon certificates from approved Junior Colleges and regular colleges certifying that the applicant has done two years' college work above that of a four-year high school and the required work in education. (a) A graduate having received a Bachelor's degree from an approved college of this state, or other state, and whose courses taken for said degree include 18 semester hours in courses preparatory to teaching, supervision, administration, at least two of these hours to be supervised observation and teaching on the basis of two hours of observation for one hour of credit, shall be eligible for a College Certificate, the same to be granted after the plan agreed upon by the State Board of Education. If a Special Subject certificate is desired, the applicant must have majored in that subject or subjects. This certificate shall be valid as a first grade certificate for three years in any public school or any system coming under the direction of this Board, and at the expiration of three years, renewable for a period of seven years, and thereafter for an indefinite period of active participation in educational work, subject to regulations of this Board for the actual experience and professional growth of the holder. (b) A graduate of a college as before described except that his courses taken did not include eighteen semester hours in education preparatory to teaching, supervision, and administration, may be granted the highest provisional High School certificate issued, on which will be designated the subjects majored upon the College certifying to the competency of the applicant to teach the particular subject. This provisional certificate may be converted into a professional college by presenting evidence of successful teaching for three years and, in addition, thereto, certificate of one approved school or college, that the applicant has successfully completed the work in education, supervision, and administration, as required under college certificates "a". IV SPECIAL CERTIFICATES. These certificates may be granted for three year periods to those candidates who desire to teach a special subject only, technical in character, and who have made special preparation for the work. The certificate will entitle the holder to teach or to supervise the special subject. The applicant should have scholarship the equivalent of that for graduation from an approved high school, and should have had training in the specialty and in science and art of teaching. The following subjects are classed as special: Domestic Science, Art, Vocal or Instrumental Music, Manual Training, Physical Education, Drawing, Kindergarten, Commercial Branches. This certificate will be awarded in rare cases and where the applicant can present an excellent record of accomplishment in the special subject. Any of the above subjects may be endorsed on high school, normal, and college certificates. This will give the certificate a much higher rating. ,:! f, GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS BASED ON JUNIOR-SENIOR PLAN. A teacher holding a first grade general elementary certificate is authorized to teach in the first six grades Snd"y special permission in the Junior High School. A teacher holding a second or third grade general elementary can teach only in the elementary schools. ,rnnh the Junior A teacher holding a General High School certificate is authorized to teach through the Junior Hieh School and by special permission in the Senior High School. A teacher ho^ng a Special High School Certificate is authorized to teach in the Senior High School and the subject A teacher named in the certificate. holding a normal or college certificate is ,,..,., authorized to *,,,,,,>, teach in T,minr *^ m or * Senio^r TM Hieh School, but to get the highest rating the certificate should show the subject in which the applicant has majored and received special professional and academic training. VI FEES. A fee of one dollar must accompany all applications for State certification, charged for converting a provisional certificate into a professional, etc. The same fee will be NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS. (1) Second and third grade General Elementary will be given to those who do not make less than 60 "3 CQ *ForsythHigh Forsyth Grammar Culloden Blount Cabaniss Dyas. Ensign Castleberry Bolingbroke Brent Juliette Smarrs Marshal] LaFayette Rogers Blue Ridge Holly Grove Dames Ferry Rocky Creek Colliers Pleasant Grove Manila Taylors Britt Montpelier Maynard Colvin Berner Providence Star 9 6,540 54 - -9 5,220 97 9 2,655 6 10 9 2,520 4 10 9 1,890 3 10 9 1,890 39 9 1,170 37 9 1,665 39 9 1,890 3 10 9 945 2 10 9 1,350 2 10 9 855 26 9 900 2 9 900 1 9 900 2 8 9 832 19 9 450 2 7 9 360 1 6 9 405 2 9 9 405 2 9 9 450 2 11 9. 495 1 10 9 405 1 9 405 1 9 405 1 9 360 1 7 9 450 2 10 9 540 1 10 9 540 1 9 405 1 0> 1 ll 0 6 .. 4 2 5 7 9 1 3 4 2 1 4 1 2 3 2 2 3 1 1 3 2 3 2 3 .. 3 2 1 2 1 2 2 .. 1 1 2 2_ 2 2 .. 1 1 1 ... 1 ... 1 ... 1 ... 1 1 ... 1 ._ 1 ... 1 1 ... 1 .. 1 ... 1 ... 1 1 1 1 a ts.2 Pa 3 S5 wC 147 A E C 277 C B A B 86 C B C A 72 ACC 45 BCC 49 C B C C 51 D DE 47. .. C C D 62. B D C _. 30 BB EE C 52 O E D C 38 O C D D 24 DDE 42 BEE 32 BDE 24 AEE 21 E DD 16 CDD 30 BDE 11 CED 20. .. B D D 19 AE E 15.... B D E 14 B DE 8 BEE 13 BDC 23 CED 23 AEE .... E 25... D D E Total 9 $ 3,189 70 66 41 25 61 .1316 CDC Age-Grade Retardation Grade ' inmivvvivnvmixxxi Total Total 217 161 168 177 113 122 107 Number Accelerated. 10 14 17 17 6 11 6 Number Normal 166 113 111 104 56 67 63 Number Retarded.... 41 34 40 56 51 44 38 <7,, Accelerated 4 9 10 9 5 9 6 % Normal 77 70 66 59 50 55 59 % Retarded '.'.'..... 19 21 24 32 45 36 35 Median Aee """ 6.4 7.8 8.9 10.1 11.8 12.5 13.4 MlSta^attonV.:::::::::::: o.i o.s 0.5 o.4 86 63 97 58 44 19 12 10 11 67 69 23 20 14.2 14.6 0.2...... 56 41 33 40 34 13 4 67 71 83 23 10 16.4 17.0. 0.4-- 1,311 103 856 352 9 65 26 REPORT ON THE SURVEY OF MONROE COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan, Nov. 1923. In submitting herewith report of the survey of the schools of Monroe County, I beg to call attention to a few outstanding situations of much importance. (1) Finances: I will call especial attention to a recent audit by Joel Hunter & Company, which is submitted herewith. This audit was made October 12, 1923, at the instance of the county Board of Education and shows that the County Board of Education is in debt to the amount of more than $80,000. It appears that this debt has been created year by year over a considerable period of time and during several administrations. However, for our purposes in this survey we are concerned more over the fact GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 11 MONROE COUNTY than over fixing the responsibility of this deplorable condition. It is probable that this hopeless financial condition has contributed directly and indirectly more toward the still more deplorable educational situation in the county than any other one cause. I would further call attention to previous audit made by the State School Auditor, Tom Widsom, dated May 29,1922, and filed in this office. Mr. Wisdom dealt fairly and wisely with this same situation and pointed out at that prior date not only the serious indebtedness of the County Board, and how it had grown from year to year under different administrations, but he also made business-like recommendations with reference to liquidating this indebtedness which was so seriously handicapping the progress of education in the county, but it does not appear that his recommendations have been carried out. (2) The educational situation in the county in so far as it offers any promise of educating the children is even more hopelessly bankrupted than the financial situation. We would call attention to the physical deterioration in the buildings, grounds, and equipment, which generally show neglect and in some cases decay. Especially would we call attention to the very large number of schools in the county, mostly one-teacher schools, attempting to teach nine, ten, and, in some cases, eleven grades. Of the 29 white schools in the county about 23 of them are thus attempting the impossible and doing none of the work well. The daily schedules posted in these schools show from 40 to 62 recitation periods a day, and furthermore, show in some instances the one teacher attempting to teach from beginners in the primer along through the grades to higher mathematics, general science, chemistry, Latin, French, etc., etc., to tenth and eleventh grade pupils. (3) Attention is called to the very small enrollment in most of the schools of the county, making the per capita cost of the schools unusually high. Two main conditions seem to be responsible for this. First, on account of economic conditions in the rural districts very many farms have been vacated. Second, the combined conditions as above stated have made the schools so poor that very many patrons remaining on their farms are preferring at their own expense to send their children to the Forsyth school, where they can have very much better educational opportunity. This, in turn, has caused an over-crowded condition in the Forsyth School, while still further weakening very many of the rural schools. (4) As a general result of all of the above mentioned conditions, there seems to be a serious lack of confidence in the school system of the county on the part of citizens, patrons, and pupils, and the school spirit of the county is at a very low ebb. (5) It will take time and courage and strong business and professional direction ever to bring about satisfactory educational situation in this county. We can safely say, however, that two fundamental things are necessary. First, to place the school system on a sound financial basis and, second, to reorganize the county system and limit the number of grades per teacher within the bounds of possible thorough work in the lower grades. WHEELER COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. 1920 *1910 1918 1923 Population White 6,255 Colored 3,562 Total 9,817 Total Children Illiterates 6-18 Years 3,255 Attending School 2,690 Over 10 Years 798 16-20 Years 93 Per Cent 11.9 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1,943 2,089 Colored 1,073 1,260 Total 3,016 3,349 White 48 15 Colored 91 47 Total 139 62 12 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS WHEELER COUNTY TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal Land Corporation Polls $483,770 "-County created since 1910. $1,660,070 $180,401 $1,558 RECORD OF WHEELER COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard and I. S. Smith, Supervisors, Dec, 1923. 3 SCHOOL Alamo Glenwood Shiloh Union Cross Roads... Landsberg Dempsey Graham Hope Marion Oakgrove Spring Hill Browning Clements Erick Little Rock Union Chapel. H 03 "3 $ 9,005 3,360 3,730 1,560 1,590 870 660 780 600 660 750 600 420 330 360 300 330 ft .3 > rt 03 03 &0 03-3 o'O !5 M 271. . .. E B 268_. .. E B 221 _. .. D B 102.. .. E D 92.. - E D 112.. .. E D D 47.. .. C D D 60.. ..DO D 55.. ..EC E 54.. ..ED E 62.. .. E E E 68.. ..ODE 41_. .. E D D 23_. .. D D D 22. .. B D D 27. .. D D E 20. .. E D E Total.-- 6$ 25,905 48 .... 54 38 16 38 16 37 1545--.-D-- D+ D Age-Grade Retardation Grade II III IV VI VII VIII Total Number Accelerated -- 384 14 213 8 185 8 174 4 180 8 131 7 125 2 Number Normal Number Retarded. % Accelerated % Normal 239 105 82 62 55 42 25 131 100 95 108 117 82 98 3 3 4 2 4 5 2 62 49 44 36 31 32 20 48 52 62 65 63 78 MedfanAee II *7* ! 1-7 n-3 12-7 13-3 14-9 Mer^taMation-::::::::::::::: 0.4 0.9 1.7 1.3 1.7 1.3 1.9 74 4 14 56 5 19 76 16-x 2.1 IX X 39 1 11 27 3 28 69 16-6 1.6 27 2 12 13 7 44 49 16"9 0.9 XI 6 5 1 0 83 17 17-50.5. Total 1,538 58 652 828 4 42 54 REPORT ON THE SURVEY OF WHEELER COUNTY BY I. S. Smith and G. D. Godard, Dec. 1923. The following are the principal obstacles to educational progress in Wheeler County: 1. Lack of cooperation. 2. Lack of consolidation. 3. Failure to pay teachers. We recommend: 1. Further consolidations. 2. More attention given to the negro schools. 3. Some method devised whereby teachers can be paid more promptly for their work. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS BACON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children 13 Illiterates 1920 1910 White Colored 852 Total 6,460 6-18 Years 2,115 Attending School 1,693 Over 10 Years 243 16-20 Years 20 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. Per Cent 3% White 1918 1,863 1923 2,039 Personal Colored Total White 263 2,126 57 254 2,293 65 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 38 27 Total 95 92 Polls $497,468 $1,420,955 $131,500 $932 Note: -Bacon County was created since 1910. RECORD OF BACON COUNTY By Smith and Godard SCHOOL *AlmaHigh * " Jr. High Adel Community Springfield Buckingham Friendship Coffee Holton Satilla. Antioch Douglas Cody Manor Hurricane Gregory Cothren Green Head Taylor Lee Wolf Pit" Damascus Johnson Farm New Trey New Bethel. New Union Sessoms Guysie Pine Grove Total - T! 3 9 7 4 5 4 4 4 -4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 $6,750 2,795 260 325 260 260 200 260 240 300 240 260 240 325 325 550 350 325 300 325 325 260 240 240 240 325 325 300 300 - 5-- $17,445 10 11 8 7 8 5 10 5 4 1,811- 271 1 1 ... 2 7 1 .... 1 1 ... 261 1 1 ... 161 1 -.. 1 17 11. ... 1 ..- 1 6 1 .... 1 .._. 1 17 11. ... 1 161 1 1 8 1 .... 1 1 7 1 .... 1 1 1 7 1 .... 1 17 1 1 262 21 161 11 161 1 1 4 1 .... 1 17 1 17 11. 16 1 171 18 11. 161 16 1 16 11. 1 6 1 .... 1 ... 171 1 ... 46 41 17 24 21 20 33 as 3 do 5? 10 277 D B B 130.. C C D 28.. E D C 24.. .. E D D 45.. .. E D D 44.. .. E D E 28.. ..ODD 46.. .. E D E 18.. .. E D D 43. .. E E D 22. ..ODD 39. .- E D D 41. _. E C D 54. _ _ E XJ XJ 23. .- E E D 42. .. E D D 29. .. E D D 38. ..EDO 20. ., E E D 25. E D D 58. E D E 44. .. E D D 30. .. E D D 35. .. E D D 30. ... E D D 31. ... E E D 33. .. E E E 39. ... E E D . 42. ... E E D 10 1358. . E+ D D 14 Grade GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS BACON COUNTY Age Grade Retardation II III IV VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation 382 169 153 202 180 112 79 37 19 18 2 26 3655404120 221 57 60 49 55 27 16 13 11 9 1. 135 109 87 148 120 81 63 20 7 7 1 '.. 623223015 11 0 57 33 49 24 37 24 20 45 57 50 50 37 65 58 74 61 73 80 54 38 39 50 7.4 9.5 10.3 12.3 12.7 14.1 15.2 15.1 15.5 16.6 160.4 1.5 1.3 2.3 1.7 2.1 2.2 1.1 0.5 0.6 1,353 56 519 778 4 39 57 REPORT ON THE SURVEY OF BACON COUNTY BY I. S. Smith and G. D. Godard, Nov. 1923. In making our report after making a survey of Bacon County's public schools, we wish to call attention to report in the school survey of this county made by Mr. Duggan in 1922. Every statement made by him is completely substantiated by our recent survey. Bacon County is badly in need of more consolidated schools. Many of her present buildings are poor and most of them must be replaced by buildings that are adequate to the needs of the children at an early date. This makes the subject of consolidation more important at the present time. We have found the schools all furnished with good single patent desks, though many of them are being destroyed, as they have not been properly put together. We believe it would be wise for the county Board of Education to take such steps as are necessary for the proper care of these desks. Mose of the schools are very much in need of better equipment, such as maps, globes, charts, blackboards, sand tables, and weights and measure, etc. It is not possible for the best trained teachers to do good work without equipment for the pupils and teachers to work with. It is not practical to expect much results from a young, untrained teacher, some of which we found in Bacon County, with nothing but children, seats, and bare walls to work with. The schools of the county are suffering because of the lack of proper finances. The school officials tell us they would be out of debt and have a balance ahead if they could collect the school taxes for 192122-23. It appears that a very small per cent of the taxes for these years has been collected. We feel that we can truthfully say to the citizens of the county that education, just as court houses, jails, and other necessities, must be paid for, and to the extent that they fail to pay for them, to that extent will they fail to have them. We find that the teachers are being paid with script and these in turn are being traded, in many instances, at considerable loss to the teachers. It has been a surprise to us that the Superintendent and Board have been able to maintain as good teaching force as they have, under such circumstances. MITCHELL COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 11,519 14,067 25,586 8,107 6,022 4,504 527 24.7 1910 10,465 11,649 22,114 6,864 3,899 4,526 540 29.1 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 3,680 1923 4,063 Personal Colored Total White 4,212 7,892 26 4,822 8,885 21 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 176 218 Total 202 239 Polls $2,457,682 $3,942,642 $697,320 $3,011 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 15 RECORD OF MITCHELL COUNTY BY E. A. Pound, J. O. Martin, Lurline Parker, Supervisors, SCHOOL Camilla High...Pelham East Pelham 0Millers..Hopeful Sale City Cotton Baconton Pleasant Grove Greenough Flint Pleasant View Sardis Pine Cliff Live Oak Mt. Zion Hinsonton Pebble City Lake Pleasant Lancey Evergreen Branchville Union Grove Greenwood PineBloom Union Delwood Lester Pleasant Hill Adams Mt. Olive Bay Pole Bay Sink Bethany PineHill Harmony Mt.Ebal Total Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded. Median Age. Med. Retardation in is .2 dW do 12; 2 325... P go n CBB 9 135 A BB 4 145 E CB 3 147 EEC 2 149 ECB 3 155 CC 3 208 AB 2 36 EE O 2 62 E DE 2 66 EEE 2 57 E DE 2 75 EEE 2 84 E DD 2 55 EEE 69 EDC 1 98 EEE 1 67 E DE 2 63 EEE .. 21 E DE 1 34 EEE 30 E DE 1 23 E DE 1 26.... E E E 1 33 E DE 1 26 DDD 1 52 EEE 1 24 EEE 37 3L E E 1 42 E DE 1 53 EEE 1 29 EEE 1 40 EEE 1 34.... E D E 1 26 E DE 1 51 EEE 1 53 EEE 1 45 EEE 1 24 EEE 1 44 EEE 1 54 EDD 6 $62,915 92 70 22 69 23 63 _.2797_ __ E E+D-- Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X Total 686 371 378 407 293 248 223 63 41 30 2 5 4 4 3 7 408 145 129 123 87 65 62 16 10 ... .. 3 248 224 244 280 202 180 154 47 31 1 41 11 113 59 39 31 30 30 26 28 25 24 75 37 60 58 69 69 73 69 75 76 25 7.5 9.4 10.7 12.5 13.1 14.1 15.4 16.4 17.1. 16 0.5 1.4 1.7 2.5 2.1 2.1 3.4 2.4 2.1_ 2,714 55 1,048 1,611 2 38 60 HWW mm 18 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS REPORT ON THE SURVEY OF TELFAIR COUNTY BY I. S. Smith and G. D. Godard, Dec. 15,1923. The county has made three splendid consolidations within the past two years and the work being done in these consolidated schools as compared with the small one and two-teacher schools is very convincing argument in favor of more consolidations, which we believe is the greatest need of the school system of Telfair County. The Board and superintendent have splendid plans for further consolidations and, in our opinion, the sooner the patrons give them the necessary cooperation and in perfecting these plans the better it will be for the educational interest of the county. We found most of the schools of the county fairly well equipped from the standpoint of desks, boards, etc., but too often we found teachers laboring at a great disadvantage of trying to teach seven and eight grades per teacher. The negro schools are not accomplishing what they should. In very few instances did we find any attempt to do any industrial work. We believe the County Board of Education could aid the Negro situation greatly by cooperating with Mr. Hill, Special Supervisor, and putting in a Jeanes worker. We have found a splendid school spirit among the school officials, patrons, pupils, and teachers. POLK COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates 1920 1910 White 15,452 14,504 Colored 4,905 5,697 Total 20,357 20,201 6-18 Years 6,514 6,036 Attending 4,929 3,622 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. Over 10 Years 2,116 2,462 16-20 Years 195 299 Per Cent 9.1 17.3 No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 5,014 1,565 6,579 49 33 1923 5,152 1,817 6,969 22 19 82 41 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal Land Corporation Polls $2,923,858 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation $4,390,510 $1,563,189 Age-Grade Retardation $3,181 I II HI IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI 680 400 377 404 317 240 216 146 112 68 39 19 16 3 11 8 21 7 9 2 3 1 410 209 208 174 148 111 91 75 64 45 24 -. 251 175 166 219 161 108 118 62 46 20 14 3 4 13 2 8 3 6 1 4 3 61 52 55 41 47 46 43 51 57 66 61 36 44 44 56 51 46 54 43 42 30 36 7.> A 03 u>> fc i-t a +r3t >>CD CD 03 M aa 03-3 0 60 fc H CD 3 4^ CD dCD O CD 0u03 +3 0 aCD a ' r*a1 ^0 1 CD 03>2M,l SS.2 I to > us X oa P. "3 nC 6 11 6 5 13 3 3 5 10 5 5 ,325 3 10 3 2 112 3 4 10 4 4 . 4 4 6 11 6 6 6 6 110 O B B B 148 E OD 2 76 DCD 127 D O D 224 O E B D 24 24 22 2 17 7 15 .. . 8 685.. .. D O D Age-Grade Retardation i n ra iv v vi vn via K X XI Total 118 67 71 82 76 88 63 38 36 17 13 669 13 76461311 33 71 23 31 31 33 36 23 18 17 11 7 310 46 32 40 44 37 48 34 19 16 5 5 326 14 88493868 5 60 48 43 38 43 43 37 47 47 65 54 46 39 48 57 54 49 53 54 50 45 29 38 49 7.7 8.9 10.5 11.2 11.9 13.3 14.2 15.0 15.8 16.6 17.2. 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.2 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.2. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS REPORT ON SURVEY OF CAMDEN COUNTY. BY E. A. Pound, January 1924. Oamden County is the most southeasterly county of the state. Although geographyically it presents many difficulties in the matter of consolidation of schools yet, all of the white schools--originally 33 in number-- have been consolidated into five, one at each of the following places: St. Marys, Kingsland, White Oak, Waverly and Woodbine. To these schools more than three hundred children are transported in trucks. When in full operation there are 25 negro schools, the great majority of them being one-teacher schools. Many of them are of the type too often found throughout the state and unworthy of the name of school building. However, the colored race was the first to set the example in building a first-class school building at Kinwood. This building was built by the Negroes with the aid of the Rosenwald Fund. It is a few miles from Kingsland and does the race credit as it is a very attractive building and a great improvement over the majority of the buildings of the county. The average length of term in this county is seven months. The school at St. Marys has been re- ceiving the $1,000 Barrett Rogers fund, but it is found that this school is operating only eight months in the year. Is this legal? CRAWFORD COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates 1920 1910 1918 1923 White 3,695 3,388 Colored 5,198 4,922 Total 8,893 8,310 6-18 Years 2,853 2,706 Attending School 2,216 1,724 Over 10 Years 1,272 1,559 16-20 Years 128 170 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1,173 1,195 Colored 2,195 2,200 Total 3,368 3,395 White 10 4 Colored 509 26 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Per Cent 20.2 27.3 Total 519 30 Personal $368,333 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med Retardation Land Corporation $1,431,202 $264,330 Age Grade Retardation II III IV VI VII VIII IX Polls $1,176 X XI Total 177 120 145 106 133 76 63 33 4 14 4 2 3 3 3 142 74 74 45 51 39 27 20 31 45 67 57 80 34 33 10 2 13 4 14 5 9 80 61 51 42 38 51 43 60 18 38 46 54 61 45 52 31 6.8 8.5 9.9 11.3 12.5 12.8 14 14 0.5 0.9 1.3 1.5 0.8 1 0 37 20 21 931 1 2 27 16 14 12 514 21 5 7 390 59 3 43 70 57 55 57 25 34 42 16.2 16.6 17.6. 1.2 0.6 0.6- GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF CRAWFORD COUNTY BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor, Jan. 1924. SCHOOL Roberta Hobson Midway MuseUa Woods Deep Creek Elam Green Hill Moran. Pine Level Sandy Point Walkers Chapel Whitewater Worsham.-- Zenith Total 03 m03 9 $ 9,540 7 945 7 875 7 1,000 7 910 7 350 7 315 7 350 7 350 7 350 7 350 7 300 6 350 7 350 7 7+ $16,335 a3 03 M 03 03 3 6W 6D P 03 !z; S3 m 11 11 11 11 2 11 2 2 ... 2 1 1 1 1 ... 1 11 1 .... 1 1 1 1 1 .... 8 406 O B 0,,/0 ... 80 E D E D 6 ... 53 E E D D 23 5 62 E C E E ... 84 E E D D ... 13.... O D-- E ... 11.... E D-- E 2 26.... E D D ... 22.... A D E ... 23.:.. E E E ... 23.... ADD ... 28.... E D E ... 28.... E D E ._- 18.... E D E 1 43.... B D D 33 29 21 8 19 10 14 50 16 920E+D+D+E+ CRAWFORD COUNTY. BY J. O. Martin, Jan. 1924. For the most part the schools of this county are at long distances from each other and with the exception of five or six more schools the county has done its consolidating. Roberta, the County High School has absorbed all of the High School work except that which is done at Fort Valley and Byron, on the line in Houston County. Roberta has also absorbed all the schools within its reach except two small ones. These will come in as soon as they can be taken care of in the Roberta class rooms. More than one-half the number of children in the county are taught at Roberta. It is suggested that the newly appointed County School Superintendent visit every school in person, with the County School Board, and make a list of the needs of the schools with reference to light, heat, equipment, etc., and then go about obtaining these items of necessity for each school. Much time is lost because the teachers have no equipment, and much discomfort is experienced by the children through a lack of the necessary amount of heat and light, and comfortable seats. Without a doubt the greatest loss in Georgia life is in her school rooms where the teachers teach without equipment, and the children study without light. Population GLYNN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years School Years 1920 9,520 9,850 19,370 4,690 3,632 1,726 107 11.0 1910 5,939 9,774 15,713 2,997 2,260 2,273 144 18.9 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS GLYNN COUNTY STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White 1923 2,339 2,606 4,945 1918 2,377 2,697 5,074 3 3 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 25 10 Total 28 13 Personal Land Corporation Polls $2,284,982 $6,785,223 $2,866,976 RECORD OF GLYNN COUNTY BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor, Jan. 1924. $2,202 SCHOOL +Glynn Academy-- High School Prep Glynn Grammar Purvis Arco... Community - Thalman Brookman -- Bladen Everett City.. Tabby's Frederica - O'Conner - St. Joseph's TotaL Grade Total. Number Accelerated.. Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation CO 9 $15,500 17 9 7,650 12 9 18,270 15 -- 9 6,130 8 9 2,175 6 9 2,275 4 9 675 --- 9 700 9 675 9 585 9 720 -- 9 675 --- 9 $56,030 72 i T3g CD IS os 03 CO wg 11 8 3 10 1 8 8 .... 8 .. 7 19 16 3 19 .. .. 6 7616 2 2 3 .. 2 1 .. .. 1 1 .. 1 ... 1-- 1 ... 1 57 50 7 53 4 26 4c* 03 W> Is 2 IS a 1 319 A O A A 262 A D B A 457 A B O B 253 A D B B 91.... O B 82 A D A 22. E D 22 O D O D 21 B D O D 18.-. B E E 14.... D D D 24.... O C O 5.... .__,,,,,,,,. 92.... 1682 B+D+ O D+ Age-Grade Retardation n in iv vi vn vm IX X XI Total 251 183 208 251 173 172 159 121 73 58 59 1708 8 5 15 5 7 5 10 8 18 10 6 97 - 202 133 133 149 98 101 75 63 47 39 44 1084 - 41 45 60 97 68 66 74 50 8 9 9 527 --3 2 7 2 4 2 6 7 25 17 10 6 80 73 64 59 57 59 47 52 64 67 75 63 17 25 29 39 39 39 47 41 11 16 15 31 6.9 8.3 9.3 10.5 11. 7 12.fi is.:t 14.7 14 9 15.9 16.1 0.3 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS REPORT ON GLYNN COUNTY. Glynn County has had, from its inception, the county unit system of schools. The Superintendent is not elected by the people, but is selected by the Board of Education. The Board is not restricted in its selection to the county, but may go out and find the best possible man. As a result, it has always had able Superintendents and it has not had the troubles and legal technicalities often incident to the operation of a dual system of education operative in the majority of the counties of the state. It would be well if all of the counties of the state would adopt the county unit plan, for in the four original counties having the county unit plan the schools are much better than those in other counties having both municipal and county systems. The county unit plan is conducive to an equality of educational opportunity Inasmuch as the rural and city schools are under the same superintendent who can coordinate and correlate the work of all the schools. It may be truthfully said that in the counties having such a plan of administration all the children of all the people have a greater equality of educational opportunity than in the counties having the dual plan. Glynn County is blessed in the fact that it has not a multiplicity of high schools. The average county is not able to operate more than one good first-class high school, and the Glynn County Board realizing this fact has all the high school pupils of the county to come to Brunswick where there is a first class high school, this school being on the Southern list. Here the rural pupils receive the advantages of more and better teachers and a length of recitation adequate to the work they are doing. This is real educational economy of time and effort. In 1921, the people of the county issued bonds to the amount of $225,000. With this they have erected a memorial high school-one of the finest and prettiest in the state for the white children and another memorial school for the colored population. These schools are looked upon with pride by both the white and colored people. The city schools are manned by some of the best teachers in the state, several of them being selected annually as teachers of the best summer schools. The Board has been wise in the retention of these teachers year after year. The increase in the number of children enrolled in the schools since 1914 is 716. Glynn County has erected two good consolidated schools for rural pupils and with one or two more consolidations will present an ideal system. Undoubtedly the colored schools at Magnolia and Union should be consolidated as they are within a short distance of each other and one school would make a stronger and a better school. STEWART COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Att ending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 3,445 8,644 12,089 4,248 3,207 2,084 238 24.1 1910 3,056 10,381 13,437 4,402 2,513 2,208 240 23.4 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 826 1923 1,004 Personal Colored Total White 3,076 3,151 3,902 5 4,155 5 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 113 82 Total 118 87 Polls $803,243 $2,582,807 $675,963 $1,859 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF STEWART COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor, Jan. 1924. SCHOOL Richland LumpkinHigh County Line Oconee Omaha Louvale Ammons Charles Midway Providence RedHill Wesley Chapel Total coin a CO 9 9 $14,205 8,130 9 1,890 * 9 9 9 1,845 2,160 1,305 630 720 585 9 585 9 9 675 540 9 $33,270 a eg a H .2 10 11 14 12 2 12 2 9 11 9 9 ... 7 2 39 123 3 10 3 10 25 12 21 1 28 7 6 7 8 7 a >> (A > 03 >oj>5M> oO tf 3p 7 8-11 10 8-12 97 24 6 10 28 29 39 2 1 1 1 2 9 1 613 9 2 1 111 6. 6 3 2 21 2 12 2. 11 2. 2 -___ 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 48~ 47 36 4 41 6 16 99.... E A A AA 341 B O O B 53.... E B O 194 C O O B 52_. D B D 58_. B C B 44_. A O O 40__ B O C 29__ BEE 24__ ADD 27.. B E E 19_. A E E 980C+C+D O 10 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS LAMAR COUNTY Age Grade Retardation Grade I II HI IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total - 213 87 103 122 91 84 91 70 51 33 W~ 971 Number Accelerated 2 2 4 11 1 13 7 3 8 4 57 Number Normal 161 51 68 65 55 49 65 33 25 12 12 596 Number Retarded 50 34 31 46 35 22 19 34 18 17 13 318 % Accelerated -- 12491274 15 12 8 6 % Normal 75 58 65 53 60 58 71 47 49 37 46 61 % Retarded 24 40 31 38 99 40 22 49 36 51 46 33 Median Age --- - 7-2 8.6 9.3 10.6 11.6 11.8 13.1 14.9 15.5 17.1 17.1 Med. Retardation 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.9 0.5 1.1 0.1 REPORT ON LAMAR COUNTY SURVEY. BY M. L. Duggan. As the report will show there are very few schools in this small and young county. High school pupils have been well provided for at Gordon Institute and at the Sixth District A. & M. Schools, both located within the incorporate limits of the county seat. The work of consolidating the country schools has been well planned and accomplished probably to as great an extent as could have been expected within the existence of the county. Public sentiment and the county Board of Education seem to cordially support a very active and progressive, administration. We have no recommendations to suggest as to the rural schools beyond those in contemplation. At Milner, the hall doors should be made to open outward in compliance with a recent safety law. However, a new building there is badly needed and in contem- plation. MARION COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 1910 3,507 3,783 4,097 5,364 7,604 9,147 2,535 2,929 1,827 1,514 1,100 2,186 104 308 19.6 34.3 I STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 1923 1,159 1,001 1,747 1,530 2,906 2,531 14 1 163 81 177 82 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal Land Corporation Polls $456,695 $1,251,675 $1,290,281 $1,162 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 11 RECORD OF MARION COUNTY BY Oeo. D. Godard, Supervisor. SCHOOL Buena Vista High. Brantley Doyle Draneville. Raney Institute Tazewell Brook Ridge Burgin Dundee Evergreen Five Points Fort Perry GlenAlta Japanese Juniper Mt. Olive. Oakland Parade Springs.. Sand Hill Walker Woodland Total Grade m a> 09 3 03 9 7,280 6 1,770 7 7 980 6 780 6 810 6 270 6 270 6 450 6 270 6 450 6 300 6 270 6 300 6 450 6 390 6 450 6 300 6 450 6 270 6 270 6+ $16,780 a T< O 8 W a5i tic 03 , 033 7 11 4 10 27 27 2 10 28 8 5 7 8 7 7 4 7 6 8 9 7 8 8 w P 03 to 8 62 4 22 2 11 2 .. 2 2 211 2 111 1 . .. 1 1 . ._ 1 .. 1 1 1 .. 1 .. 1 1 1 .. 1 1 .. 1 .... 1 1 1 .. 1 .. 1 4 .... 26 4 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 m 216B-- O A A 64.... O B O 43 E D D+ 50.... E D D 74 D D O D-- 45 EDO 21.... E D E 17 D D D E 47 D O D D 25.... D E D 68.... E D E 30.... E E D 11.... DEE 10.... E E E 30.... E D E 26... E D D 36 E E D E 41.-- E D D 44... E O D 31... E E E 21... E E E 35 35 24 11 19 16 28 26 950.. -E+ D D-- Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total Number AcceleratedNumber Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation 213 94 108 106 105 92 93 63 43 23 947 19 3 2 5 2 5 3 1 1 3 44 130 59 58 53 37 30 31 21 27 11 4 461 64 32 48 48 66 57 59 41 15 12 442 9 3 2 5 2 5 3 1 2 43 5 61 62 53 50 35 32 33 33 63 48 57 48 30 35 45 45 63 63 64 66 35 52 47 6.9 8.4 10.9 13.6 13.5 14.5 15.6 15.6 17.1 16.3. 0.4 0.8 0.9 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 0.6 1.1. MARION COUNTY. BY Geo. D. Godard, Jan. 1924. The schools of Marion County have suffered because of the deplorable financial conditions prevailing for the past few years. It would be economy to consolidate three or four small schools in places, and employ a smaller number of stronger teachers. Many of the school houses are patched and ill lighted. Many of the teachers, white and colored, are not trained and therefore render inferior service. The colored schools need better buildings, and more equipment. The sparse settlement of the population, and the inadequacy of funds, houses and equipment, all tend to make progress in education difficult. Consolidation and better roads will help solve the problem. The most outstanding needs of the High School in Buena Vista are: adequate library facilities; and suitable playground equipment. 12 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS TALBOT COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years School Years Years 1920 1910 3,163 3,466 7,995 8,230 11,158 11,696 3,852 3,695 2,359 1,899 1,723 2,528 160 335 21.6 30.6 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 897 1923 864 Colored Total White 2,713 3,610 3 2,496 3,360 5 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 105 71 Total 108 76 Personal Land Corporation Polls $663,462 $1,378,494 $289,915 RECORD OF TALBOT COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor, Jan. 1924. $1,606 SCHOOL Talbotton Consolidated Woodland " Junction City " Geneva-Box Spgs. " Shiloh Total Grade Totai Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation 01 a "3 CO 9 $6,770 9 4,725 7 2,502 7 1,470 7 448 7+ $15,915 a r< co 03 H P .2 p <2 co cs , do go W co 10 11 10 9 1 8 2 3 14 301 O B E B 7 11 7 7 .... 3 4 6 3 14 196 0-- BOB 4 10 5 5.... 4 1 2 12 3 132 O O A D 3 10 3 2 1 2 1 3 4 1 93CDCD .... 11 33.... C 24 .... 25 23 2 17 8 14 19 32 755..-.0+D+ O Age Grade Retardation I II HI IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 121 69 83 67 76 83 60 59 60 45 32 755 323587866 7 57 96 60 54 44 46 43 23 32 37 26 15 476 22 7 26 18 22 33 29 21 17 17 10 222 2 3 4 7 10 8 13 10 10 4 7 79 87 63 65 60 52 38 54 61 53 59 63 19 10 33 28 30 40 49 36 29 43 39 30 - 6.8 7.8 9.1 10.3 11.5 12.6 13.9 14.4 15.4 16.6 17.4.. - 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.4.. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 13 TALBOT COUNTY. BY Geo. D. Godard, Jan. 1924. A survey of the schools of Talbot County shows the following facts: 1. That of 864 children of school age (white) as shown by the census (1923), 755 are enrolled in the four white schools of the county, including 33 attending a county line school in Harris County. 2. That 32 young men and women are attending college outside the county. 3. That every white child in the county has access to a graded school taught in not less than a three teacher school, and all high school pupils have access to a Junior or a Senior High School. 4. That the compulsory attendance law is being rigidly enforced; and-- 5. That regardless of broken country and some bad roads, the white children of the county are successfully transported to four white schools (Talbotton, Woodland, Junction City and Geneva Box-Springs consolidated.) It is further noted that new school houses are greatly needed at Talbotton and Geneva. It is recommended, since longer term schools are needed, that each of the four consolidated school districts levy a local tax to supplement the State and County funds which are inadequate to run schools more than seven months. Bonds should be issued to construct buildings as above mentioned. It is further recommended that some consolidations in negro schools be made in such a way as not to involve transportation. This could be accomplished by some relocation of school centers. Further, some arrangement should be made to build and equip some buildings for colored schools. The County Board of Education has in vogue a budget system of apportionment whereby a deficit incurred by the inauguration of the system of consolidated schools is being gradually reduced. This plan is highly commendable at all times and especially under present conditions. TAYLOR COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Per Cent Years 1920 1910 5,952 5,460 5,521 5,379 11,473 10,839 3,640 3,375 2,877 2,183 1,447 1,911 157 233 17.6 25.2 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. ; No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 1,861 1,929 3,790 1923 1,930 2,311 4,247 53 61 29 36 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal Land Corporation Polls $717,403 $1,552,443 $202,835 $1,788 f 14 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF TAYLOR COUNTY BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor. SCHOOL Butler Reynolds - Rupert -- Central Orowell's Pattersville Turner Wesley... --- Charing.-- Five Points. Peacock. Pine Burr Rhodes --- Bethlehem Howard Mauk Warwick Total Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded. Median Age Med. Retardation 9 9 8 7 7 9 6 --- 7 7 -- 7 7 7 6 6 7 7 6 wanac3 5,985 8,625 2,040 1,120 1,885 3,110 1,020 840 330 880 420 740 540 300 350 525 360 tao a o o o fc W 01 a 03 OH a 03^ 1a1 is H 8 11 8 8 .. 6 2 .. 8 274D-- D A B 9 11 10 10 91 - 28 233 E B A A 43 4 ... 0 0 147 E E O C 3 ... 8 94 E D O E 1 -... 86 D O D O 128 DOC 3 111 E E O D 32 82 O E D 25 53 E O D D 41 ODE 62.. E D E 43.. E E E 46.. E D E 35.. E D D 36 E D D D 24 E E E D 28 O D-- E 7+ $29,070 49 52 39 13 36 16 30 23 37 1523 Age-Grade Ketardation D D+D + II III IV VI VII VIII IX XI Total 317 181 183 168 186 149 124 95 63 15 7 7 9 8 6 6 4 4 227 103 85 77 72 67 49 38 27 75 71 91 82 106 76 69 53 33 5 4 4 5 4 4 5 4 6 71 57 46 45 38 45 39 40 43 24 39 50 50 58 51 56 56 51 7.1 8.6 9.9 10.9 12.3 13.4 14.3 15.2 16. 0.1 0.6 0.9 .9 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2 1. 40 3 26 11 7 65 28 16.4 0.4 18 1 14 3 5 77 18 16.8. 1524 70 785 669 4 51 45 REPORT ON TAYLOR COUNTY SURVEY. BY J. O. Martin. Much improvement has been made in the schools of Taylor County during the past five years. Eighteen schools have been consolidated and there have been some changes for the better at all of the remaining schools. Butler, the county seat, has built a modern one-story unit type building, which is well equipped. The school is well organized and is doing splendid work as the county high school. Reynolds has brought her standard up to the first class on the accredited list. This speaks for itself. Many of the county schools rank above the average in efficient work done, also. The teachers of the whole system show an increased interest in the classroom work and county progress. They are constantly improving themselves by attending summer schools. They are aiding the cause by giving better service in schools and by urging consolidation where it is possible. The county superintendent is young, active, and enthusiastic, and seems to be doing his best to build up an adequate system. Every district in the county, excepting three, has voted a local tax of five mills. This is in addition to the county wide tax of five mills levied by the County Board of Education, who seem to be standing firm for better schools. A continuation of the policy of consolidation, where it is practical; the building of better houses; the employment of trained teachers; the prompt enforcement of the compulsory attendance law, are the main items for the Board and Superintendent to keep in mind. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 15 UPSON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 7,526 7,257 14,783 4,712 3,344 1,882 200 17.5 1910 5,759 6,998 12,757 3,948 2,430 1,924 198 21.2 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yxs. White 1918 2,382 1923 3,185 Colored Total White 3,684 6,066 11 3,084 6,269 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 62 15 Total 73 15 Personal Land Corporation Polls $2,221,428 $2,371,070 $279,708 RECORD OF UPSON COUNTY BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor, Jan. 1924. $2,527 SCHOOL a CO PI o is so W> TM AS CO , 3 CO S5 W 03 R. E. Lee Institute. 9 $14,610 18 12 16 15 1 11 5 10 20 535 B-- B B A R. E. Lee Annex-.-- Yatesville Crest - Atwater-- Ben Hill-- Jeff Davis.-- The Rook Burkett- Pickard Andrews Fairview Gordon Lanier Monticello Pleasant Valley Rowland Sunny Side 9 9 -9 7 - 7 7 9 7 7 6 7 --- 6 --- 7 7 7 -7 -7 4,320 --- 1,960 1,400 1,365 1,050 2,205 875 1,050 460 420 480 490 490 400 490 450 9 7 9 4 5 2 7 6 10 567 O E D D 6 10 2 4 2 2 4 2 174 C-- B C O 4 10 1 4 .. 4 90 C-- C O C 3 10 21 2 53 C-- O D D 38 23 3 70 C-- E D D 39 32 1 85 0-- E D D 4 10 4 1 95 O-- B D D 2 3 46_ E D D 2 51 E-- E D D 1 15 D D O 1 16 B D E 2 24E-- E D D 1 1 1 1 10 1 27.... E D B 22.... E D O 21-- ODD 14. E D E 2 1 29 E-- E D D I TotaL. 7+ $32,515 64 59 37 22 38 21 37 41 26 1934 D D+O- 16 Grade GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS UPSON COUNTY Age-Grade Retardation II III IV V VI VII VIII IX XI XII Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation 471 220 200 257 206 156 115 119 62 36 14 2 8 5 14222 229 109 12 112 74 61 54 48 23 158 109 90 140 116 81 50 63 12 11 6142463 135 61 49+ 51 43 43 50 53 45 77 63 50 33 49+ 45 55 53 44 44 54 20 32 50 7.4 8.9 9.8 11.2 12.2 13.1 13.7 15.1 15.3 16.5 17 0.4 0.9 0.8 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.7 1.1 0.3 0.5 24 1,874 8 49 16 991 834 3 2 66 53 31 45 17.3- UPSON COUNTY. BY J. O. Martin, Jan. 1924. There are three things that stand out in the public schools of Upson County, viz: a library for every school; standard framed pictures for every school; and a name for nearly every school that has some educational significance and value. Also that there has been an effort made to beautify the rooms in order that they may appear attractive to the children and teachers. In at least these respects Upson County forges ahead of the majority of her sister counties. This is due to the efforts of the county school Superintendent. They have new buildings at Thomaston, Crest and The Rock, and plans are made for a new building at Yatesville, where a large consolidation has been made. Further consolidation is badly needed in a number of communities, but this will be impossible and impraticable until better roads are built--this is not easily done in this county. Further consolidation where practical; the levying of a larger amount of county local tax; an increase in the amount of teachers' salaries; a continuously taught term; more attention paid to improved plans for new school buildings; a strict enforcement of the compulsory attendance law, are the main recommendations--as seen from the survey. The county Board, the County School Superintendent and the teachers seem to be laboring in harmony for the upbuilding of the schools and county system. WASHINGTON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Year8 Per Oen 1920 11,742 16,404 28,146 8,787 6,346 4,129 430 20.1 1910 10,781 17,393 28,174 8,821 5,236 4,850 621 24.3 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates ovei 10 Yrs. White 1923 3,369 1918 3,433 Colored 5,170 5,461 Total 8,539 8,894 White 26 14 Colored 281 214 Total 307 228 GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 17 Personal RECORD OF WASHINGTON COUNTY TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Polls $2,025,066 $4,075,396 $1,116,520 $3,337 RECORD OF WASHINGTON COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan, Sarah M. Duggan, Euri B. Bolton and W. B. Hill, Supervisors. SCHOOL t*Sandersville High Sandersville Elementary fT*TeennnnililUeeEHleimghentary Deepstep Davisboro Riddleville Harrison Warthen... Oconee Pringle Bethany Downs Indian Hill Irwin's Cross Roads Nancy New Bethel Pleasant Springs Tabernacle Union Widsom Buffalo Centerville.. Oentralia Concord Cox Elkins .- Hill Top - Lindsay May's Midway Moss Springs... Pleasant Grove.... Shiloh Smith's Grove. Victor Total.. CO cd> Oaoo) si a o 18 03 9 9 9 9 8 9 8 8 8 6 6 6 6 6 7 6 7 .6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 $7,500 5,940 4,500 4,725 4,000 4,365 3,320 3,360 3,400 1,500 1,770 1,260 1,275 1,260 1,435 750 785 690 690 840 690 270 420 360 330 360 330 420 330 360 420 360 330 490 420 420 6+ $59,675 10 8-11 87 4 8-11 77 7 10 7 11 6 10 6 11 5 10 49 4 10 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 7 7 7 7 8 6 8 4 7 52 6 51 51 5 22 31 3 3 3 3 3 21 213 2 .... 2 112 2 2 2 2 .... 2 2 2 2 2 .... 2 1 1 1 106 .102 88 14 94 8 42 P tf pq 159. 274 76 158. 254 178. 176. 176. 140 E 133.. 106.. 788858.. 80.. 52_. 56.. 45.. 54.. 42.. 56.. 2219.. 27.. 1620.. 352226.. 26.. 22.. 282738.. 17.. 24- CBA BBA OBA BOO DAD BBB DE D ODE DEC DDE DE E ODE EEE EEE CBE ODE OEE BE E EEE DE E DDE EEE DDE DDE DE E DE EEE EEE ODE E OD OEE BED DEE OED DDO .... E E .2808.. DDE MM 18 Grade GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS WASHINGTON COUNTY Age Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total Number Accelerated. Number Normal __ Number Retarded% Accelerated % Normal % Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation 487 298 300 356 265 245 230 207 135 102 65 2,690 25 13 20 26 21 6 11 8 16 8 7 161 351 192 171 183 123 130 101 91 77 63 43 1,525 Ill 93 109 147 121 109 118 108 42 31 15 1,004 55778254 12 8 11 6 72 64 57 51 46 53 44 44 57 62 66 56 23 31 36 42 46 45 51 52 31 30 23 38 6.1 8.4 9.5 10.6 12.2 12.8 14.1 15.1 15.4 16.6 17.2. 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.2 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.4 0.6 0.2. REPORT ON WASHINGTON COUNTY. BY M. L. Duggan, More than half of the children in the rural schools of Washington County are more than two years over normal age for their grades and also from one to two years below the average or median of achievement or thoroughness in the subjects of their grades. More than half of the teachers in the rural schools are teaching their first terms in these schools and more than half of them are entirely without professional training. The majority of these schools are without adequate teaching equipment, and most of these school houses are much below the average standard in construction, while some of them are positively uncomfortable and unsatisfactory. These teaching conditions and teaching force account largely for the above stated unsatisfactory educational results. The responsibility of planning and building these school houses and of selecting these teachers has been left largely to the local whims and prejudices of "Tom, Dick and Harry", which probably accounts for the fact that the county public school system has not made progress that has been accomplished in some other public interests of this good county, or in other counties of the state. Responsibility and authority assumed and exercised by intelligent central administration is thought to be the only remedy. Where, as results of consolidation conditions are more favorable, educational results are more satisfactory. There are still many consolidations that ought to be effected. WEBSTER COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Years School Over 10 Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 2,262 3,080 5,342 1,732 1,100 793 70 20.9 1910 1,969 4,182 6,151 2,006 1,184 1,173 125 27.6 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 646 1923 723 Colored 1,070 1,038 Total 1,716 1,761 White 7 1 Colored 77 10 Total 84 11 Personal GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS WEBSTER COUNTY TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation 19 Polls $313,983 $1,015,670 $291,724 RECORD OF WEBSTER COUNTY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor, Jan. 1924. a SCHOOL Preston Weston UnionHigh Enterprise Seminole Chenubbee Total Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded % Accelerated % Normal % Retarded MedianAge Med Retardation ID .-H 03 03 9 $ 5,075 9 4,545 8 2,240 8 960 8 800 8 400 8+ $14,020 p. 03 03 A.2 11 11 10 4 2 22 2 ... J1 20 22 18 23 45 14 11 11 11 4 12 10 15 03 W) fl o cq 205B-- O C B 151 E B A C __ 146 E E O D ._ 33 E DD 33 A D--D-- 17 B D E 585. C O-- D Age-Grade Retardation II III IV VI VII VIII IX XI Total 97 80 78 65 66 49 42 48 26 19 15 585 4 8 6 4 5 2 3 6 4 4 6 52 79 48 46 36 23 25 22 18 14 8 4 323 14 24 26 25 38 22 17 24 8 7 5 210 4 10 7 6 7 4 7 12 15 21 40 8 81 60 59 55 35 51 52 38 54 42 26 55 15 30 34 39 58 45 41 50 31 37 34 37 6.8 8.1 9.1 10.5 12.3 12.8 13.5 14.0 15.3 16.1 16.7... 0.1 0.1 0.5 1.3 0.8 0.5_ 0.3 0.1 WEBSTER COUNTY. BY Geo. D. Godard, Jan. 1924. Recommendations: 1. Increase the county-wide tax from 2.5 mills to 5 mills and make it possible for districts to reduce their levy. This will give the management of the schools more fully into the hands of th County Board of Education, thus centralizing the control of the schools. 2. Some further consolidation in the interest of both educational results and financial econo my. 3. A closer supervision of schools. 4. The negro schools are in a pitiable condition and should have better houses and better teachers. 5. A complete rearrangement of school district lines is needed on the west side of the county. * Georgia State School Items Published Twice-arMonth by the Department of Education N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1933, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Act of October 3,1917, authorized October 5,1933. Vol. 1 Atlanta, March 1, 1924 No. 9 TAX RECEIVER CANNOT RECEIVE COMMISSION ON SCHOOL TAX. In the case of the Board of Education of Decatur County vs. Drake, the Supreme Court has held that the law does not provide a commission to the Tax Receiver on the school tax. The Court held that two different sections of the School Laws provide for paying a commission to the tax collector in compensation for his services in connection with the collection of the school taxes; while there is no provision for paying the tax receiver. It was further held that there is good ground for making the distinction between the tax collector and the tax receiver in regard to their compensation. The tax collector not only computes the tax but collects it. He discharges real and substantial duties in regard to this fund, while the tax receiver has no duties in regard thereto. The computing and collecting of the tax adds nothing to the labor performed in making up the digest. His labors are exactly the same as if this fund was not collected at all. CERTIFICATION OF TEACHERS. The new plan of certification of teachers was published in the School Items of February first. We have received many words of congratulation and commendation upon this new plan and feel sure that the more, as it goes into operation, its real worth will grow upon the teachers of Georgia. Indeed, we have received only one criticism and I believe that this is due in part to a misunderstanding. Under the new plan a professional certificate depends upon three things: First, Educational qualifications; Second, Training; Third, Experience. Heretofore a professional certificate has been issued to graduates of normal schools and other schools doing the necessary work in education. While this work will be endorsed Upon the provisional certificate issued to those graduates, yet it can not be converted into a professional certificate until they show three years of successful teaching. Let us take two classes of students,--one a graduate from a Standard Junior College, without any work in education; the other, a graduate from a normal school, who does the same academic work of the graduate of the Junior College, yet in addition, has done the required work in education. Both, in the beginning, receive the provisional certificate, with this difference--that there is endorsed upon the certificate of the normal graduate the work that has been done in education. Before the graduate of the standard Junior College may obtain a professional certificate he must teach succassf ally for at least three years and must do the required work in education at approved summer schools. If, at the end of three years, this work in education has not been completed the provisional certificate will be extended, but it can never be converted into a professional certificate until the necessary work in education has been completed. The graduate of the normal school, having done the required academic work, as well as the work in education, which is endorsed upon the provisional certificate need only successfully teach for three years and then, automatically, this provisional certificate is converted into a professional one. Let it be known that no professional certificate will be issued without first having had the minimum experience of three years and the required work in education, certified to by approved schools and col- leges. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS BLANKS FOR THE TEACHERS' CERTIFICATES. Blank applications for the new certificates will be ready by the latter part of March and distributed at that time to the superintendents of schools, or they may be obtained, by direct application, from this office. Applicants should be very careful in filling out these blanks as all answers will be closely scrutinized by the Board of Examiners, and where evidence is required of graduation, etc., original certificates from Deans and Registrars of schools must be furnished. The diploma must not be sent, but simply the certificate of the Registrar. None of these applications will be considered by the Board of Examiners before May first. SEVENTH GRADE QUESTIONS. The questions for the seventh grade examinations have already been printed and are ready for distribution. These should be distributed through the county superintendents. We would therefore appreciate it if the county superintendents, who expect to use these questions would make the requisition as early as possible for the number required in their schools. They ought not to be sent direct to teachers. CONVENTION OF CITY AND COUNTY SCHOOL OFFICIALS. For the last two years this convention has met in conjunction with the Georgia Teachers' Association. Just what should be done this year, I want the school officials to determine. Therefore, I would be pleased if you would write me at your earliest convenience just whether you think it would be wise that this convention continue to meet with the Georgia Teachers' Association, or at some other place and seme other time. Also, suggest anything that you think should be on the program. Write me just what you think is best in this matter and I will act accordingly. GEOBGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS BIBB COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children 3f Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 '" 16-20 ' Per Cent Years School Years Years 1920 38,275 33,025 71,300 16,889 12,835 7,631 506 13.2 1910 29,160 27,481 56,641 14,047 8,780 5,483 407 12.3 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 10,407 1923 10,642 Personal Colored Total White 8,822 19,229 8 8,847 19,489 19 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 75 169 Total 83 188 Polls $12,68 1,005 533,395,350 $7,668,292 RECORD OF BIBB COUNTY BY J. E. Mathis and Miss Rebecca Hearn, Feb. 1924. $16,321 SCHOOL tLanierHigh Alexander I Alexander II Alexander III Bellevue Clisby Ft. Hawkins Gresham John W. Burke Newburg Virgil Powers Whittle Winship Open Air Howard High Lizella. ... Rutland Union High Cross Keys Franklinton McCrary... Newcastle Appleton Church Home St. Joseph's. Total esgi P oJ > 03 s C3-3 +3 nM do fc i-l 3* 30 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9+ $88,100 50 8-11 54 54 45 9 13 8,490 8 7 7 7 611 16,685 14 7 14 14 12 2 5 9,900 8 7 8 8 623 10,415 8 7 9 9 72 1 22,515 16 7 18 18 17 1 2 17,565 17 7 15 15 13 2 2 12,175 12 7 10 10 82 1 24,165 24 7 21 21 18 3 1 9,865 8 7 9 9 54 17,290 17 7 15 15 .... 11 4 3 14.595 10 7 12 12 .... 8 4 2 23,670 17 7 19 19 17 2 1 1,100 1 7 1 1 1 4,690 6 11 4 ... 3 1 8,350 8 11 7 ... 7 .. 1 9,875 ' 8 11 533 7,740 6 11 6 1 2,420 2 7 2 .. 2 1,265 17 1 .. 1 .... 1 880 2 7 1 ._ __. 1 1 880 1 7 1 .. ._. 1 1 16 1 ._ 1 1 4 4 __ 1561 EBA 281A+ B C A 515A+ A B-- A 269A+ B B-- A 400A+ E B A 692A+ B A A 568A+ B A A 351A+ A B-- A 797 A+ D A A 318A+ B C A 569A+ D A A 402A+ A B-- A 714A+ B A A 25.... E C D 134 B B A 282B-- C B A 323 D B C A 247B-- D B A 88 B C+ B 35.... B C B 25 B D C O 20 C c o 22 B 95 B 9 $312,630 249 .247 247 0 199 44 44 .122 8733 C+B--A-- Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS Age-Grade Retardation I II HI IV VI VII VIII IX XI 13b8 186 945 237 13 70 17 6.7 975 1120 1040 80 98 91 606 657 611 289 365 338 89 62 59 58 30 32 33 8.1 9.3 10.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 924 77 495 352 8 53 39 11.4 0.4 832 85 445 302 10 53 37 12.3 0.3 719 54 412 253 8 57 35 13.3 0.3 658 44 360 254 7 55 38 14.6 0.6 488 33 295 160 7 60 33 15.5 0.5 329 29 225 75 9 68 23 16.4 0.4 281 28 202 51 10 72 18 17.1. 0.1. Total 8,734 805 5,253 2,676 9 60 31 SURVEY OF BIBB COUNTY BY J. E. Mathis and Miss Rebecca Hearn. Fifty-two years ago, by a special act of the legislature, public schools were established for the county of Bibb, which should "extend impartially the benefits of the same to different sections of the county, due regard being had to difference in population." Constitutions and creeds set up ideals of conduct sometimes impossible, nearly always improbable of achievement. In a very large measure the Board of Education has carried out this provision. The city schools with one or two exceptions are housed in attractive buildings with all modern equipment necessary to the physical comfort and the educational advantage of the children, and the teachers are well selected as to preparation for their work. It would be remarkable if this county and city did not have a most excellent system of public schools, where there is so high an appreciation of education, as is evidenced by those splendid institutions of higher learning, Mercer, Wesleyan and Mt. De Sales. Under the zealous and capable leadership of the present superintendent, the county schools for whites, with three exceptions, have been put upon a standard basis. When he came to the Superintendency there were twenty-six white schools outside of the city of Macon. Twenty-three of these have been consolidated into four schools, all having the same course of study as the city schools, where the marked interest and professional spirit of the teachers, with the bright eyed, clean, mentally alert children compare most favorably with the city schools, the equal of any in the state. Organized clinics, medical inspection, with provisions for corrective measures and pioper nourishment, with proper play and exercise are working wonders in the physical welfare of the children in all the schools, city and county. Conditions in these three one teacher schools are the dark spots on an otherwise beautiful picture. In no respect do the children in these schools have "equal benefits", due regard being had to difference in population of the respective districts. If these three schools could be eliminated by consolidation with Ft. Hawkins, and supervisors for the county schools provided, then in the white schools, at least, there would be "equality of benefits." The colored schools are housed in buildings owned by the county, none in churches or lodges. Al- ready plans are under way for their further improvement. The enriched course of study in the High School offers exceptional opportunity to its pupils to fit themselves for business, for the trades or for admission to any standard college. The over crowding at Lanier is to be reUeved soon by a modern High School, now being erected to cost approximately $375,000. High School boys and girls will then be separated, boys occupying the new building and the girls remaining at Lanier. This will not only improve teaching conditions, but it will make it easier to keep the building neater than now. High School boys and gills should have a greater civic pride than to Utter corridors with lunch papers and to deface laboratory walls. School surveys everywhere reveal many imperfections, which were known to the administrators beforehand. The real trouble is set out in a recent article in the New Republic, as follows: "Almost all teachers are painfully alive to their duty to instruct effeciently the children under their charge. A large proportion of them suffer chronically under a sense of failure. Teaching in such large classes as are inevitable in the modern public schools produces results that no one regards as satisfactory. Education is one field in which the methods of mass production are disastrous". Conditions will be ideal and results satisfactory when the people who support the schools make possible the abandonment of the method of mass production. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS CHARLTON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children 7 Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending School Over 10 Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 1910 3,588 948 4,536 1,431 1,126 307 3,533 1,189 4,722 1,359 625 752 30 97 9.5 22.3 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,162 1923 1,204 Personal $465,912 Colored Total White 259 1,421 315 1,519 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation $1,223,610 $1,030,121 RECORD OF CHARLTON COUNTY BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor, Jan. 1924. Colored 11 9 Total 14 11 Polls $737 SCHOOL Folkston St. George Trader's HillMoniac Winokur Billy's Island. Uptonville-- Sardis Prescott Sandusky Johnson Racepond Lyons Riverview Screven Kennison m5 EH C8 05 CO 5,885 3,440 630 660 750 820 660 330 300 300 330 450 280 300 360 300 B o O o 9 11 Total 6 $15,795 32 HThis school being consolidated with St. George. Si 03 P OS 4 4 3 2 11 2 2 __ 1 1 2 .. 1 2 11 2 1 ... 1 .. 1 1 1 .. 1 1 -_ 1 ...... 1 1 ... 1 1 1 1 1 1 .. ... 1 1 .. 1 1 .... 33 25 8 21 12 24 rt 03 W> 03-3 267 A D 217 C E 59.... E 58 E 78 E 96 E 71 E 40 E 32 A 16 E 30 E 36 12 32 34.... E 27.... E a S3 =30 pq EA CA CC BD D D OD OD ED EE DD DE EE CC DE EE 1105.... E D D mmmm GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS CHARLTON COUNTY Age-Grade Retardation Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation II III IV VI VII VIII IX XI 257 157 154 141 123 64 57 40 12 12 11 1 1 7 21 4 1 152 55 53 44 30 26 14 ~16~ O 'J 93 91 100 96 86 17 39 24 8 5 7 1 1 6 33 7 8 40 59 35 38 31 24 41 25 ~40~ 25 60 60 36 58 61 68 70 26 68 60 67 40 7.5 9.4 10.7 12.0 13.1 11. e 15.3 15.6 16.5 16.5 16.5. I 0.5 1.4 1.7 2.0 2.1 2.3 1.6 1.5 0.5 Total 1,015 60 399 556 6 39 55 REPORT ON CHARLTON COUNTY SURVEY BY E. A. Pound. There are in trie county 17 white schools and 3 colored schools. There are less than four hundred colored children in the county. There is a sentiment to the effect that the school at Trader's Hill and the Folkston schools should be combined and money secured perhaps from the Rosenwald Fund in order to develop a good school and a first-class building. The county has wisely discontinued all eighth grades in country schools and is transporting all of the high school pupils to a convenient high school. The per capita cost for high school education in this county is too high, amounting to over $90.00. There is a move on foot to consolidate the county superintendency with the principalships of the Folkston and St. George schools in order that per capita expense may be cut down and the work of the county high schools coordinated properly with elementary schools. Teachers in rural schools heed advantages offered by summer schools. Population CLINCH COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total '6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years School Years Years 1920 1910 5,027 2,957 7,984 2,373 1,876 873 102 15. 5,046 3,378 *8,424 2,384 1,040 1,234 153 20.7 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,478 1923 1,250 Personal **.- 4 $762,056 Colored Total White 78 a 2,263 4 76 3 2,010 2 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 16 15 Land Corporation $1,601,567 $1,112,066 Total 20 17 Polls $1,060 *Lanier County was taken from Clinch since 1918. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF CLINCH COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor. SCHOOL Homerville Cogdell DuPont Union High Camp Creek Fargo Midway.. Abbeville Anthon Bird Pond Colon Council Kendriek LakeVern Lees Bay Lyken Register Shiloh Stalvey Strickland Tomlinson Touchton TyTy Withers- Total Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation a OS 03 M 5?rt 03 CO 9 $ 5,355 6 1,380 6 1,690 6 1,290 6 480 6 840 6 540 6 270 6 300 6 300 6 210 6 480 6 270 6 215 6 270 6 360 6 312 6 300 6 225 6 180 6 225 6 270 6 270 6 210 6 11 3 2 10 3 10 27 27 28 16 17 16 16 17 17 17 16 18 16 17 16 12 17 17 17 17 P 3o3 6 41 32 2 22 21 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 -. .... 1 1 1 1 -_ 1 -. 1 .. 1 1 -.. 03 do 36 15 n 4 227C-- O B A 3 105 C-- E C 0 59C-- E B c 2 101 C-- C C C 2 46 E C C 1 60 CDC 2 61 E C D 1 21C-- E B E 1 26 E C E 1 23 ODD 9 C DE IIZIIZZI 27~.~.~.l DDE 22 DEE 12 E DE 18 E D E 24 E CE 14 E DE 34 E C D 17 E D D 7 DCE 30.-- E D E 27 D C D 25 E C E 22. D D.. E 6+ $16,242 37 39 19 20 26 13 24 .1017. D C--D- Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV VI VII VIII IX X XI aoo 138 127 119 109 109 83 32 13 19 33 8 3 7 10 6 4 3 2 1 1 157 59 54 42 31 32 35 12 8 12 5 70 71 70 70 68 71 44 17 3 6 2 12 5 2 6 10 6 5 9 15 5 12 52 42 42 35 28 29 42 38 62 63 62 36 53 56 59 72 65 53 53 23 32 26 7.1 9.4 10.2 11.4 12.6 13.9 14.1 15.1 14.7 16.5 17.0 0.1 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.1 1.1 0.5 Total 1,017 78 447 492 8 44 48 REPORT ON CLINCH COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard. After a survey of the public schools of Clinch County, it is found that while the county is not supplied with a great number of suitable school buildings the delay in this part of the program has been caused by lack of funds and by the feeling on the part of the Board of Education and county superintendent of schools that certain consolidations of schools are desirable and possible in the near future. The compulsory attendance law is being fairly well enforced as the record of enrollment in the schools will show. The teachers in this county are paid promptly at the end of each month, which gives some degree of spirit and inspiration to the teachers and patrons. The county school Board is out of debt, as they have adopted the budget system and adhere strictly to it. Five school houses have been recently or are now under construction or re-construction, all work being done according to plans approved by the State Department. It is recommended that the schools be more widely consolidated, that the school districts'be enlarged accordingly for the purpose of taxation locally, and that these districts vote a local^tax in each district for the following purposes: GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS CLINCH COUNTY 1. For the construction of suitable school buildings. 2. For supplementing salaries of teachers so that the term of schools may be longer. 3. Tor the purpose of defraying transportation expenses which should be incurred in carrying their larger children to the county high school; and-- 4. For other unforeseen purposes which might arise in the necessary effort to give the children of the districts an equal educational opportunity with other children who are more fortu- nately situated. COOK COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. 1920 *1910 1918 1923 Population Total Children Illiterates White 7,904 Colored 3,276 Total 11,180 6-18 Years \ 3,720 Attending School 3,069 Over 10 Years 625 16-20 Years 54 Per Cent 5.1 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored 2,672 1,237 3,909 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Total Personal $682,109 -Organized since 1910. Land $2,292,180 Corporation $578,944 COOK COUNTY Polls $1,367 Age-Grade Retardation Grade I II m IV VI VD Vm K X XI XII XIII Total Total 556 253 302 343~ No. Accelerated 55 16 10 15 No. Normal. 349 116 128 142 No. Retarded._ 152 121 164 186 %Acceierated 10 6 3 4 %Normal 63 45 42 41 %Retarded 27 49 55 55 Median Age 7.2 8.9 10.2 11. Med. Retardation..-_ 0.2 0.9 1.2 1. 3U6 188 195 140 56 7 6 5 5. 92 67 59 51 "27" 207 115 131 84 29 2 3 2 4. 30 35 30 36 ~40.5 11 1 3 7 9 27 64 20.2. 1.2_ 2,462 126 1,101 1,235 5 44 51 GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF COOK COUNTY SCHOOL AdelPublic Sparks Public Sparks Lenox Brushy Creek Cross Roads--West. Forest Hill Lone Oak Massee --- Branson Cecil Centre Cross Roads--East Greggs Grovania. Jones Lone Star... Pine Bloom Pine Ridge Withlacoocb.ee Bartow Chestnut Hill Evergreen Fellowship Hart Pine Medford OakRidge Spring Head Union Varn Salem Total a < >> 03 W a a n 03 a? 6D ^0 CO P 03 13 9 $8,550 9 9 13,700 12 11 11 10 4844 7/ Jr. I 11 10 \Col. 744 221 83 11 357 B C B B 143 E B C C 115 C E .... A 6 1,890 5 85 - 6 6 6 6 6 1,050 1,020 1,050 1,050 1,020 383 383 383 383 383 6 750 272 6 750 282 6 -6 6 750 282 750 3 7 2 750 2 8 2 6 750 2 10 2 6 750 2 2 6 6 6 6 750 1 720 1 725 2 750 2 2 2 2 2 6 390 16 6 6 6 - -6 6 6 6 6 420 1 7 420 18 390 17 450 2 8 420 17 420 1 7 390 19 390 17 6 390 17 2413 181 E E E D 13 2. 79- E D D 1 1 2 1 1 .... 128C-- E D D 2 13 111.... D D O "i" 13 22 96.... E D E 89.... E E E 1 1 2 .... 49.... }'i Ii E 1 "2" 2 .... 57.... D D D 12 73.... E D E 2 2 3.. 61--. E D E 2 2 7 .. 56.... E D D 1 "I" 56.... E E E 11 85 C- C D E 2 65.... E D E 12 "i" 2 76.... DEE 70-- E E E 1 61-- E E E 1 51-- E D E 1 77-. E E E 39C- DEE 38-- C E E 1 ... 42... E D E 1 1... 33-- E C D 1 27... B E E 1 39... E E E 1 2 .. 26... E D E 1 27... E D E 51-- D ... 6+ $41,605 .75.. 78 57 21 45 33 42 18 11 2458 E E E+ REPORT ON COOK COUNTY SURVEY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor After a survey of the schools of Cook County, the following obstacles to the work are found : 1. The great number of schools. 2. Lack of funds to run schools proper length of time. 3 Larger support to employ a higher class of teachers. 4. Attendance is lowered by the financial depression and consequent poverty easting among the people. Recommendations: . . . . __. 1 Several good consolidations of schools may, and can be had, upon a very economical basis not involving large expenditures for transportation. (Four of these are already planned, being delayed on account of the depression of the times.) 2. Better houses and larger equipment should be had. 3 A county Primary Supervisor would be of inestimable value. i. The cause of non-attendance in large measure lies in the fact that the children are not prop- 5 The two^e'cial systems, Adel and Sparks, within the limit of Cook County could be properly merged in district systems, thereby bringing unity into the work and enlarging the oppor- tunities of all the children by consolidation. The Negro County Training School is functioning well. 10 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS EFFINGHAM COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 5,975 4,010 9,985 3,504 2,691 828 76 11.3 1910 5,693 4,278 9,971 2,908 1,743 1,508 173 21.1 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 1,897 1,620 3,517 15 73 1923 2,134 1,676 3,810 1 7 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal Land Corporation Polls 81,088,677 $2,089,942 $1,686,016 RECORD OF EFFINGHAM COUNTY Age-Grade Retardation $1,682 Grade II III IV V VI VII VIII IX XI Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation 352 180 209 260 242 216 164 123 106 76 38 1,966 33 11 22 28 10 15 10 11 14 8 3 165 245 126 116 106 107 92 69 46 55 37 20 1,019 74 43 71 126 125 109 85 66 37 31 15 ' 782 9 69 22 6 70 24 10 55 35 10 40 50 4 44 52 7 42 51 6 42 52 9 37 54 13 51 46 10 48 42 82 Efc 8 52 it l| I 51 40 * fe Isr 41 6.8 8.1 9.2 10.1 12.1 13.1 14.8 15.1 15.3 16.7 17.6 0.1 0.2 0.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.3 0.7 0.6_ I GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 11 RECORD OF EFFINGHAM COUNTY BY I. S. Smitt-i, Supervisor, Jan. 1924. Satis. License Unsatls. 2+ Experience 2-- SCHOOL en CD a M 8 CD EH CO a CO M 3CO o o 03 CD cS EH o CO ca 0CD CD E-" 606 +3 CD a a CD (H CD fi M>> >> 03 03CQ 03 W> 1-3 CD aao a CO 55 dO +5 03 ---oo .a CO 03 aCD 03 0 d> <60 a aCD p. wc3 Guyton High Effingham Academy Egypt Olyo Rencon.. . Marlow . Meldrim Renora Berry Ebenezer Zion Camp Ground . Eaden Green Morgan Kildore Lebanon ^ Lorenza Marlow Road . Mizpah Mt. Pleasant. Pine Grove . Race Path _ Riverside Scuffletown Shawnee... Shiloh Silver Hill.. Stillwell Tullis Turkey Branch Tusculum Union No. I Union No. II Total 9 9 .9 8 .. 8 8 9 8 6 6 8 .6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 . .. 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 $ 7,785 6,750 3,240 2,680 2,280 2,120 2,295 1,640 960 660 1,120 240 450 270 300 360 360 300 360 360 360 300 300 180 300 330 360 360 180 300 360 240 510 j 6+ $38,610 8 11 9 8 18 1 4 8 11 9 8 13 6 7 4 10 5 14 14 ?, 4 10 4 3 13 1 3 3 10 4 3 13 1 ?, 3 10 3 3 2 1 ?, 3 9 3 2 13 3 3933 3 1 2 10 2 11 22 2722 112 2922 2 71 1 11 711 1 1 71 1 11 711 11 6 1 1.1 1 811 1 1 611 1. 611 1 1 71 1 1 71 1 1 1 611 11 711 11 51 11 1 511 11 71 11 1 71 11 1 71 11 611 11 61 1 1 811 1 71 1 11 811 1 66 68 50 18 41 27 U __ 242 C-- C B B __ 258 C B B B _. 196 C-- D B+ D .. 174 C-- D D C ._ 118 C-- D D C .. 94 C DD .. 82 CDC .. 120 C E D+ .. 45.... B D D _. 44 B D D .. 27 AE E .. 26... E E D-- .. 39 E D D .. 19 E D E .. 23.... C D C .. 28 E D--D-- .. 27 E D D-- 22.... E D D-- .. 33.... E D D -_ 22 D D+ E 27 C+ E D E 22 E D D ._ 26 E D D .. 11 E E E .. 32.... D D+ D .. 39 E D D 34 E E E .. 26 C+ C D D .. 26 C DE 16 C D E .. 35.... E D D .. 13.... E D D .. 23 A D-- E ..1969 D D D-- REPORT ON EFFINGHAM COUNTY SURVEY There are entirely too many schools in Effingham. There should be more consolidations of schools. The Superintendent is doing some very constructive supervision of his schools. The County Board should be more liberal with hinI in defraying the expense involved. Too many small schools are offering high school training, when they do not have sufficient teachers to do effective work in the Primary and Grammar grades. Transportation should be given these high school pupils to one of their established Junior or Senior high schools. 12 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS JASPER COUNTY. .UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 1910 4,744 5,067 11,618 11,484 16,362 16,551 5,559 5,239 2,527 2,933 3,675 3,690 470 421 30.7 31.4 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,354 1923 1,374 Colored Total White 3,841 5,195 l 3,069 4,443 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 137 237 Total 138 237 Personal Land Corporation Polls $581,715 $1,647,725 $872,939 RECORD OF JASPER COUNTY BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor, Jan. 1924. $1,687 SCHOOL Monticello Shady Dale - Hillsboro Lane's Academy Adgateville Friendship Warren's Academy Poplar Springs Smithsboro Prospect Farrar Hopewell.. Bethel Sanders Mechanicsville Old Rocky Creek Liberty Henderson Old Concord Total "23 9 $12,505 9 3,690 9 2,475 9 540 9 630 9 630 9 585 9 630 9 540 9 1,350 9 630 9 630 9 1,260 8 495 8 630 9 585 9 630 9 495 9 585 9-- $29,515 eg w + +3 dr; w d > >,CB rt as 03 M) CO S3 3 aaaa 3c w 14 11 12 12 .... 12 .... 4 .... 21 350 B C A B 4 11 5 105 B E A B 4 10 3 90 B A C C 17 _1 18 C DD 17 1 39 ADC 17 1 26 D C E D 17 1 17 1 26 E DD 24.... B C C 17 1 1 ... 12 E DD 28 2 1 ... 53 D C D 17 1 3 ... 17 BD 17 1 22 DD 28 2 .... 4 .... 28 EA 16 1 ... 11 EE 27 2 ... 21 D E D 27 27 18 EC 16 I 24 D A 0 17 20 FDD 17 13 EEE 43 38 34 4 25 13 21 38 32 917 C D C--C-- GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 13 JASPER COUNTY Age-Grade Retardation Grade [I [II IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation 146 86 94 115 100 72 106 79 56 37 26 917 4 6 14 9 2 1 7 2 13 1 59 -. 120 59 59 62 55 35 57 34 35 22 9 547 22 21 21 44 43 36 42 43 8 14 17 311 -- 3 6 15 8 2 1 6 2 2 3 6 82 68 62 54 55 49 53 43 62 60 34 59 15 26 23 38 43 50 41 55 36 37 66 35 6.7 8.1 9 7 10.5 11 7 12.0 13.7 15.1 14.7 16 7 18.2.. 1 7 .5 7 .7 1.1. 7 1.2__ REPORT ON JASPER COUNTY SCHOOLS BY J. O. Martin. The schools of this county seem to be doing as well as could be expected under given conditions. The majority of the schools are long distances apart and those that are near one another can never be consolidated until graded and soiled public roads are built, although 120 children are being transported now. While most of the buildings are of the old type in structure, the majority of them are neat and clean on the inside and present a favorable appearance. The county has the unit system and most of the high school work is done at Monticello, Shadydale, and Hillsboro, which have new buildings. The Rosenwald Negro School in Monticello is doing excellent work, as their report shows. This school would do credit to any county. The majority of the other schools are taught in churches. Several years ago a number of negro schools in this county were burned--that is why they use so many churches. LIBERTY COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 1910 5,114 7,593 12,707 4,075 2,967 1,398 112 8.4 4,569 8,355 12,924 4,260 2,248 1,604 175 17.3 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1923 865 1918 1,796 Colored Total White 2,414 2,879 14 2,292 4,088 23 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 73 27 Total 87 50 Personal $672,221 Land $1,464,874 Corporation $645,117 Polls $1,143 *Lcng County cut off of Liberty since 1920. 14 SCHOOL Willie Allenhurst Fleming. Gum Branch ._ Taylor's Creek Cl. Island Sunny Glenn Total GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF LIBERTY COUNTY BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor. sCQ a as H CD a) CO 9 $ 4,950 7 1,890 9 1,215 6 720 6 540 6 750 6 300 6 240 6 300 6 300 6 330 +3 eaoon d A 60 mu CD CO OS CD 0 Ha CaD 0toaHaa 3 aS CD SH 6 CO sieg # CD w 3 CD H .CaD as u>> as a aa >>>CD CD C3 M *-3 do 15 o M w O CD !o 1 CO a !Jrt d S3 CD 0 I CD cm 3822 2822 1111 1 12 3 69 D D C 54 CCB 3933 3 1 5 79 D D C 2 7 2 11111 53 2822 1112 2 67 271 1 11 14 E DD D-- C C C-- D D 2822 2611 1 1 2 13 11 36 B D D 33 E D D 2 10 3 3 _ 21138 84 3 10 2 11112 1 46 4933 2 13 1 91 B ... D C DD EDD 110 _._ . 99 92 7 58 27 45 62 93 2811 A--C-- C C 16 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age . Med. Retardation Age-Grade Retardation I II HI IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI 569 389 376 366 322 235 179 163 130 5(5 26~~ 12 15 14 12 31 17 10 8 9 8 0 . 373 192 188 182 134 119 100 86 73 38 22 184 182 174 172 157 99 69 69 48 10 4 24339754610 78 50 50 50 41 50 55 52 56 67 98 20 46 47 47 50 43 40 44 38 32 2 7.2 8.8 9.7 10.8 11.4 12.6 13.5 14.7 15.5 16.1 16 .2 .8 .7 .8 .4 .6 .5 .7 .5 .1 __^ Total 2,811 136 1,507 1,168 4 53 43 REPORT ON NEWTON COUNTY SURVEY BY J. O. Martin At present there are eighteen white schools in Newton County. This number will eventually be reduced to at least nine. Owing to the topography of the county, it would be difficult to reduce the number more. This seems to be the greatest need of the system at present. Too many of the children are too far from high school opportunities, which could be given through proper consolidation. In this way Junior High Schools could be established. Covington and Mansfield could be established as Junior and Senior High schools for graduation work. Local bonds could be voted for building purposes and an increase of two-mills county-wide tax could be levied for maintenance and an increase in the length of the school term. Newborn, Heards Consolidated, Covington Mill, and Porterdale have new and up-to-date buildings; the latter is a Mill School of more than one thousand children in attendance and it is one of the best work- ing schools to be found anywhere. The rest of the schools were modern a few years ago but they belong to the old type now. The schools have long been equipped with modern supplies, including a County-wide circulating library of more than five thousand volumes. During a period of some 40 years the county has pioneered a number of things that are now the leading phases in our educational program. The Covington School has a librarian whose salary is paid by the Woman's Club. Despite some most favorable circumstances the school is operating under conditions that mitigate against it. The building, for the most part, is old and out-of-date. The class-rooms are insufficiently and improperly lighted. Necessary seating room is lacking. The school is almost without any laboratory equipment, and what there is, is barely usable, on account of lack of space. Hence for the further advancement and progress of the school I would recommend at least the following: I. Build a separate grammar school building on a separate lot, if possible, and separate the lower grades from the higher ones. This would at least afford the primary children an adequate amount of light, heat, ventilation, etc., which they earnestly need. II. Reconstruct the old building: (1) By removing certain inside walls for the purpose of enlarging rooms for the library, study hall, and physics and chemistry laboratories. (2) Paint all of the class-room walls sanitary and aesthetic colors that will not absorb the light or reflect it in an undesirable manner. (3) Arrange for exterior class-room cloak lockers and remove from the class-room all unsightly objects. (4) Rearrange the seats where necessary so that the light will fall properly over the left shoulders of the children when they are seated at their desks. (5) Provide all class-rooms with the necessary teaching equipment, such as maps, globes, dic- tionaries, grade libraries, wall pictures, etc. The total cost of this need not exceed $35,000 and bonds issued for twenty years would cover it. Results of achievement tests in the Newborn and Mansfield schools show decided acceleration in the fourt and seventh grades. The subject-retardation of the entire county falls in "A" class, which is superior. The age-grade record of the county is above the average. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS WILKINSON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. 1920 1910 Population White 5,752 4,923 Colored 5,624 5,155 Total Children Illiterates Total 11,376 10,078 6-18 Years 3,846 3,104 Attending School 2,715 2,048 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. Over 10 Years 1,190 1,781 16-20 Years 141 177 Per Cent 14.5 25.0 No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yis. White 1918 2,094 1923 2.223 Personal $887,946 Colored Total White 2,323 4,417 18 2,093 4,316 3 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation $1,621,903 $7,741,530 RECORD OF WILKINSON COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan and W. B. Hill, Supervisors. Colored 173 26 Total 191 29 Polls $1,706 SCHOOL Irwinton Gordon Danville Mt. Carmel Toomsboro Mclntyre Walnut Creek Friendship Manson Pleasant Plains Poplar Head Shady Grove SnowHill Thompson Branch Turner Vernon Johnson Batesman Bethel Clear Creek Fairview Glenn Ella Lavender Poplar Spring Sand Hill Total a a is (-1 Ai2 t . 13 30 S3 S3 m 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 4,950 7,695 2,685 2,220 3,080 1,500 1,560 980 1,100 1,040 6 11 6 6 9 11 11 11 11 4 10 10 8 10 8 8 9 8 920 9 8 1,040 8 980 8 1,000 10 10 9 8 1,000 8 870 8 8 8 480 8 320 8 360 7 7 7 8 440 8 400 8 320 8 240 8 7 6 8 8 480 244 203 C A A 7 4 10 -- 300 CAB 4 2 151 DOC 3I2 .. 100 B C O 322 158 D C A+ B 2 12 .- 90 C C D D 3 1.. 87 D D D 3" 1 .. 50 D B D 2 58 B C B C 2 I""" . .. 58.... C C C 2 """ 1 - - 61.... D C D 2 """ 2 - -. 47.... D B C 2 """ .. 70.... D B E 2 I 47 E C C 1 "T l 55 BOD 112 .... 34.... ODD .... 27.._. ODD """"I"" . 17.... E D E 1 "" 1 .... 28.... ADC 1 "" 1 .... 36__- E D D 16 ODD "i" .. 22.... C D E ""I" 1 20.... O E E "T 28 A D E O 8 3,566 62 62 54 8 47 15 37 1763.... C-- C C- 18 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OP WILKINSON COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan and W. B. Hill, Supervisors. Age-Grade Retardation Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation I n in IV VI vn vm K XI Total 317 166 200 215 225 181 147 111 83 17 5 12 24 13 13 10 5 13 245 106 118 110 81 79 64 56 33 55 55 70 81 131 89 73 50 37 5 36 77 64 59 11 51 6 36 7 43 7 44 5 50 16 39 18 6.9 33 8.4 35 9.4 38 10.5 58 12.3 50 12.9 49 13.9 45 14.3 45 14.E 0.4 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.3 45 33 47 22 19 19 7 9 21 49 58 42 21 15.7 16.7. 1,723 123 933 667 7 54 39 REPORT OF WILKINSON COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan I made a survey of this county's public school system in January, 1918, which was published by the Department as Bulletin No. 21. By comparing conditions as outlined in Bulletin No. 21 with conditions set forth in my present report it will be seen that very remarkable progress has been made throughout the county. In fact I doubt if greater and more gratifying progress has been accomplished during a like period in any Georgia county. The report of 1918 gave "evidences and results of a very weak system" (see pages 7 and 8), such as 'only one toilet" or "no toilets"; "only one Standard School in the county"; "a five months school year"; "two-thirds of the teachers serving their present school for the first term"; "school grounds generally neglected"; "none of the school houses properly planned"; "no teaching equipment other than a cheap map or two"; "lack of training on the part of teachers"; etc; etc. On page 8 of Bulletin No. 21 it was said, "The growing general dissatisfaction at existing conditions is a hopeful sign if a wise and vigorous administration will take proper advantage of it." By reference to the report I am now handing you, and in comparison with the report of 1918, it is fully evident that the administration during these intervening years has been both "wise and vigorous". Among these evidences I would call especial attention to sanitary toilets installed at many of the schools; to the numerous consolidations of "little schools" into larger and better consolidations; to the well planned and constructed new school houses; (at least two of these will score into the class "Model or IDEAL"); to the eight months school year at all schools; to the longer terms of service of many of the teachers; to the "well kept" school houses and grounds everywhere; to the greatly improved seating facilities and teaching equipment; and lastly, but perhaps best of all, to the very large percentage of teachers who are Normal school graduates with high grade certificates. Besides the conditions above especially referred to the detailed report will set forth other important evidence of much progress. Especially do the future plans and purposes of the administration, as carefully studied, commend themselves as promises of further progress for the public school system of Wilkinson county. The report of 1918 stated that "the people of the county are not proud of their schools", but now they take great pride in pointing them out to visitors and State school officials. Georgia State School Items Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education N H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section U03, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5. 1923. Vol. 1 Atlanta, March 15, 1924 No. 10 SYSTEM OP CERTIFICATION. The question has often been asked, "Just what changes have been made in the old form of certification?" The most important changes are the doing away entirely with the primary certificate and raising the qualifications both for general elementary and high school. ELEMENTARY CERTIFICATE. Before one can obtain a first-grade general elementary certificate, he must show by certification or examination that he has had the education equivalent to a graduate of a standard high school. HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATE. Before one can hold any kind of a high school certificate he must have the education of a graduate of a standard Junior college beyond that of the high school graduate. This can be shown both by certification and examination--however, preferably by certification from standard colleges and normal s clio ols. The principle upon which the new form of certification is based is that knowing the subject you teach is most important. Indeed you can not teach a subject that you do not know and one who thoroughly knows a subject is more than apt to be a good teacher of that particular subject, provided he is temperamentally fitted for a teacher. However, we wish to recognize to the full extent the value of professional training and no profes- sional certificate will be granted, however long the teacher may have taught, unless he may show by certification or by other good evidence that he has done this professional work (18 semester hours) in edu- cation. ,^ .. . The question will arise among many teachers who have taught for many years, and have been very successful--indeed, are recognized as the best teachers of their communities,--who have not attended any approved summer schools, yet by reading and study of standard books on education have fully equip- ped themselves as professional teachers. To such, there will be given an opportunity at the annual ex- amination to show this and questions will be sent upon the subjects of History of Education, Methods in Education, and General Psychology. Indeed, the general principle is contained in the new form of certification that no teacher will be barred the right of showing his qualifications, either by certification or by examination. NO RENEWAL OF CERTIFICATES. Another question arises as to the renewal of certificates. While all certificates heretofore issued will be recognized until the date of expiration, yet there will be no renewal of these certificates. A new word "conversion" should be coined for the new method. These certificates may all be converted into the new form of certificate. What every teacher should do as soon as the blanks are out--which will be about April first--is to carefully fill out one of these, which they will obtain from the county or city superintendent of schools, giving a complete record of their scholastic attainment, as well as experience, and reinforce this with certificates from registrars of colleges and schools, and from well known educators under whom they have had experience, and file this blank in the Department of Education. This blank should be filled out by all teachers who expect to teach next year under the new form of certification-- whether by examination or by certification from colleges or schools. NO READING COURSE EXAMINATION. The Reading Course is no longer prescribed as a method of renewal. While it is not at all intended to stop this method, no particular books will be prescribed and an examination based upon these text books but, as described above, teachers who wish to show their professional training by examination should provide themselves with standard text books upon education and making suitable preparation, and they would have no great difficulty in showing their preparation by successfully passing an examination as stated above. . ,. .... Let us take a teacher who holds a first grade general elementary certificate, or one of the certifi- cates of the same standing that has been issued to graduates of high schools, with certain professional training required. In making application for the conversion of this certificate into the new form of gen- eral elementary, he would have to show that he had the equivalent education of a high school grad- uate and submit proper certificates of this from standard high schools. If he had not graduated from a high school or could obtain no record of his graduation, then he would take an examination on that part of the auestions in the general elementary that deals with the high school subjects, and upon the results of this examination a new form of certificate would be issued. If he did not qualify as to having attained the education of a high school graduate, he would receive a second or third grade gen- eral elementary, and this could be converted into a first grade as soon as he could show by proper evi- dence his attainment of an education the equivalent of a high school graduate. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS HOW TO CONVERT A PROVISIONAL CERTIFICATE INTO A PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATE. To convert a provisional into a professional certificate it must be shown by certificates from approved schools and'colleges, or by other good evidence that the applicant has done the eighteen semester hours of work in education, or its equivalent. Upon this showing all certificates above the first grade general elementary, and including this, may be converted into a professional certificate--provided the applicant has taught successfully for three years or more. NO SECOND OR THIRD GRADE HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES. There are no longer any second or third grade high school certificates issued and these can never be the basis of conversion into the new form of certification. However, those holding first grade high school certificates that have not had the educational equipment of a graduate of a standard Junior Collegeshown either by certification or examination--may automatically convert these into first grade general elementary, and by showing necessary professional training and service this may be converted into professional and life. APPLICATION BLANKS. The application blanks that will be in the hands of the Superintendents shortly will give full information as to just what the teacher must do. This blank should be filled out by all applicants--whether by examination or by certification--and filed as soon as possible with the Department. The teacher wants to be very careful in filling it out and only put in such information as can be readily substantiated At the same time, if they are asking certification on account of college, normal school, or high school graduation, they should send the blank that will be furnished them by the superintendent to the college or school from which they graduated. The registrars of these schools will in turn fill it out and send direct to the State Department of Education. It is well that the teachers know that all teachers must conform to the new form of certification Heretofore, certain systems--both county and city--were exempt, but this is no longer true. No contract will be legal with a teacher in any school receiving state aid unless they have a Georgia certificate And, again, all schools will be standardized according to the certification of the teachers therein. FINANCIAL ITEMIZING. Due to a constitutional prohibition and an earnest desire to help the high schools, but more particularly, to encourage the growth of high schools in counties where none then existed, and to offer to the country boy and girl the opportunity for a high school education, the General Assembly set aside $100,000 out of the rental of the Western and Atlantic Railroad for the purpose of aiding and encouraging such high schools. Hardly had the Act been passed, and before it went into operation, the Legislature hypothecated the entire rental of the Western and Atlantic Railroad for five years and applied the funds to the payment of Pensions. The only way this money could then have been paid was out of the common school fund. While $121,000 was apportioned in 1923 for this purpose, yet only $21,000 was set aside for the.payment--the remainder was distributed to the counties. Therefore, it became impossible to pay only $21,000 until the $4,250,000 had been paid into the common school fund. This amount equal to one-sixth of the apportionment should be distributed about April first--the remaining $79,000 can only be paid out of the excess above the state appropriation of $4,250,000.00, and the first money we get above this will be used for this purpose. WILL THERE BE ANY EXCESS. From semi-official sources it is found that should the schools get their just share of the amount appropriated to them by the Legislature, it would be in excess of $700,000. Will the schools get this money? There is no question but that they need it. Contracts have been made on the assumption that they would get it--but, will it be paid? I am sure the Governor is honest in this matter, and is going to do all he can now, to pay at least a part of it--but, can he? Has he not started too late? Funds once paid out can never be paid again. The water that turns the wheel will not turn the same wheel again This fund can only be paid out of the 1923 revenue. When this year's revenue is fully in, and it is found that the schools' part has already been paid for other purposes, can it then be paid to the schools'' Is not the whole system wrong, that subjects the schools to this loss? Are not the schools as important as any other Department of State? Should the children of Georgia be the only losers in this political game? Should they, alone, suffer? The common school system came into the Capitol as an unwelcome babe--like Patsy, it just grew--until it is presumed to have one-half of the State's revenue Is this child still unwelcome? Is there still discrimination against him--now almost grown? Let us see The Legislature annually appropriated $3,200.00 in addition to the $4,250,000 to the office of the State Superintendent of Schools. Part of this is appropriated in obedience to a Constitutional mandate Does the Department of Education get this money? Not one cent of it comes to this Department--it is diverted to other departments of the Capitol. If this holds good, does it not deny the Legislature the right to appropriate money to the Department of Education? They tell me that it should be differently worded Read the General Appropriations Act and tell me how the General Assembly could possibly have nut it in plainer language. Again, on January first, practically every obligation of the State had been paid except the school teachers, and only one-tenth of this had been paid--and that on December 20th, nearly a year after the salaries had been earned. Every janitor the state employs--and necessarily it employs a great many and their salaries are twice the average paid to the white school teachers of Georgia--had been paid weekly, and the school teachers had been paid only one-tenth. Is it right? Should not the teachers of Georgia be at least on a parity with the janitors? Let us correct this tiling. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS BULLOCH COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates 1920 1910 White 16,088 15,858 Colored 10,034 10,591 Total 26,122 26,449 6-18 Years 8,566 8,673 Attending School 6,667 4,720 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. Over 10 Years 1,796 2,668 16-20 Years 215 398 Per Cent 9.8 14.9 No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 5,664 1923 5,752 3,766 3,720 9,430 9,472 79 167 246 35 131 166 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal Land Corporation Polls $2,143,083 $5,565,305 $603,040 Age-Grade Retardation $4,364 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation II III IV VI VII VIII IX XI Total 1094 48 719 327 4 65 31 8.4 1.4 563 31 530 18 518 33 541 35 462 20 449 11 254 17 164 4 151 10 277 263 247 236 199 164 128 87 96 255 249 238 270 243 274 109 73 45 53 49 49 46 48 6 47 47 6 44 50 4 43 53 3 36 61 6 50 44 3 53 44 6 64 30 8.8 9.8 10.8 11.9 13.1 14.5 14.5 15.8 16.4 .8 .8 .8 .9 1.1 1.5 .5 .8 .4 121 4,847 10 237 84 2,500 27 2,110 8 4 69 51 23 45 17.1- .1. 4 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF BULLOCH COUNTY BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor. SCHOOL CD B 03 > CD , 43 6 rH fc 5 woau CD O CD 1 09 CD a CaD aS 0 a3 3 d> 3o > Brannen Institute. ... 7 1,270 3 8 3 12 12 Donaldson.. 7 1,190 3 7 3 12 12!3 Pretoria... 7 1,400 3 7 3 2 1 1 2 2 __ Snap 7 1,400 3 9 3 12 2 1 Alderman.. 7 875 2 7 2 11112.. Bird 7 980 2 7 2 2 2 2 .. Bradwell 7 840 2 6 2 112 Clito 7 700 2 7 2 1 1 2 2 ._ Esla 7 980 2 7 2 112 2 .. Holly Grove... 7 945 2 7 2 11111 Ingleside . 7 770 1 7 2 1 1 2 2 .. Knight 7 805 1 72 2 112.. Millcreek. 7 805 2 7 2 2 2 .. New Castle... . 7 910 1 7 2 2 111 Olliff Bay.... Pauline 7 910 2 8 2 11112 7 945 o722 2 2 .. Pleasant Grove 7 945 2 8 2 2 111 Remes 7 990 1 722 112.. Sand Hill.... 7 434 1 72 2 22 Smith-Allen-Deal ... 7 735 2 7 2 2 112 Sunny Side 7 945 2 7 2 2 111 Adabelle 7 420 171 1 1 1 .. Alexander 7 1 71 1 1 Arcola 7 490 2 7 1 1 1 ] Beaver Pond Bragg 6 1711 1 7 490 1 7 1 1. Central ...... 7 455 2 7 1 1 ... Eureka . 7 455 2 6 ... 1 1] Hendrix . 7 490 1 6 1 1 1 Hodges 7 490 1 7 1 1 Ivanhoe . 7 490 2 7 1 1] Jimps 7 490 17 1 1 ] Lane 7 420 1 6 1 1] Mitchell 7 420 1 7 1 1] Newmans 7 420 1 7 ... 1 1] Olney 7 420 1 7 1 1 1 RockHill 7 420 2 6 1 1 .... 1 ]. Sylvester 7 385 171 1 1] Union. 7 385 2 7 i ii : Total 7+ $78,864 157 . ...151 115 36 91 48 7 102.... C A A 789 C A B A 384 D B D 215 D B C A 205 D D C D 197 D D C D 148 D D D D 120 D B A D 143 DC D 137 D D D 77 D D C C 130 D-- D D-- 86 D D E 108 E C E 96 EDE 119 E D-- D 71 D D D 60 C B D+ D 78 D D D 67 E D D 90 E C+ D 45 EDE 51 E D-- D 64 C D-- D 51 E D E 89 E E E 92 E D-- E 63 E D E 76 D D E 74 E D E 41 E C D 82 E C+ C 73 C C+ E 34.,,. E D E 25 CD E 37 E D E 51 E D D 41 D D D 59.... D C D 43 E D D 49 E D D 31 D C+ C 63 D C+ D 40 EDD 41 D D E 56.... E D D 28 ED E 35 C C+ E 48 E D E 46 D D E 35 D C C D 4985 D+ D C--D-- GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS r> BULLOCH COUNTY BY I. S. Smith. Bulloch is one of the large counties of the state. For a number of years good work has been done there in consolidating schools and building better buildings. I make the following recommendations: 1. That the Board continue their plan for consolidations. 2. That an assistant or supervisor for active work in the field be given the county Superintendent of schools. 3. That the length of term for the rural school be increased if the finances of the county and districts can possibly warrant it. 4. That the plan of the Board for furnishing transportation to High School pupils be continued and enlarged as necessity demands. Population TERRELL COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years School Years Years 1920 1910 5,545 14,055 19,600 6,058 4,408 3,741 455 25.7 5,396 16,607 22,003 6,850 3,779 6,017 711 38. STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. I Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored 1918 1,464 4,171 5,635 11 647 1923 1,648 5,125 6,773 298 Total 658 314 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal $2,836,245 SCHOOL *Dawson Bronwood ParrottHigh Sasser Yeomans . Graves High Pleasant Hill Herod Doverel Holmart 1 Liberty Mt. Olive Total Land Corporation $1,494,575 $267,994 RECORD OF TERRELL COUNTY BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor, Feb. 1924. Polls $2,624 CO CO 9 $15,505 8 3,680 8 3,140 8 3,060 8 3,140 8 2,440 8 2,440 8 1,680 8 1,045 8 960 8 960 8 1,120 8+ $39,170 O ato P CO +>co a co cm CaD cd +3 !-H fCOew c4 7} oH do fc fc ou w0 rl CO O cb em %0 < 12 11 14 14 11 3 5 6 10 6 6 42 5 10 5 5 5 5 10 5 5 41 5 10 5 4 1 1 4 4 10 4 4 22 4 10 4 4 4. 3 9 3 2 1 3 .. 2 10 2 1 1 2 2 7 2 112 2 10 2 1 1 1 1 1 2922 111 403 A A B B 36 173 B-- C B C 1 7 115 B-- B B B 4 7 182 B-- B B D 3 3 115 B-- B C O 1 2 84 B-- C B C 3 3 105 ODD 3 82 B-- B D B 1 53 O DD 6 32 ADD 4 2 410-- B D D 1 4 50 C-- D D O 52 54 49 5 38 16 29 27 64 1435 B B--C--C- GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF TERRELL COUNTY (Continued) Grade Total Number Acc'eTeYated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated ^Normal ^tTrded M?dfanAge Mld^Retfrdaiiin:.::::::::: Age-Grade Retardation I H III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 226 145 270 150 155 141 135 14 9 21 13 11 12 16 182 111 219 85 97 75 79 30 25 30 52 47 54 40 6 6 7 8 7 8 10 - 80 76 81 56 62 53 58 H 28 12 36 31 39 32 94 106 17 62 65 31 34 16 66 61 33 33 73 5 50 18 6 68 26 29 3 20 6 10 69 21 1,524 112 1,045 367 7 62 31 .' 6.7 7.7 8.6 10.8 11.3 12.2 13.8 14.5 15.5 15.9 16.9. o.s 0.3 0.2 0.8 0.5 0.5 TERRELL COUNTY. BY J. O. Martin. There are eleven white schools in the county. Four of these have two teachers; one has three, two have four, three have five and one has six. Seven of these schools are considered consolidated schools, and are the composition of seventeen schools The county School Administration plans to consolidate at least three more schools with larger ones at an early date. They also have plans to make even further consolidations until the final number will have been reduced to four or five schools in the entire system. It seems best to centralize the Higb School work at four points-Bronwood, Graves, Parrott and Sasser. This would limit the grades to at least seven in the adjacent schools. .*,,,,. There is no Senior High School in the County System, Dawson being an independent system. It does not receive any State Aid for outside pupils who might wish to enter there for High School work. It would be better if this barrier could be removed whereby Dawson could be made the county High School. In this event the system would function more normally since the four or more Junior High Schools would give it an unusually large patronage and support. The length of term is eight months in all the schools. There is close co-ordination between the work of the County Home Demonstration Agent and the school and the home. There are 168 girls in regularly taught and graded classes, and 8 strong Women's Clubs who work in close cooperation. This seems to unify and vitalize more closely the spirit and purpose of the home, the school, and the County School Administration. The results of the Achievement Tests given are superior and show that the teachers are more ex- perienced and better trained than the average. The school rooms have more equipment and show a great- er degree of attractiveness than is usually found. There is no political division here. There is loyalty to and confidence in the Administration. Population CANDLER COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates 1920 *1910 White 5,491 Colored 3,737 Total 9,228 6-18 Years 3,102 Attending School 2,236 Over 10 Years 716 16-20 Years 75 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. ' Illiterates over 10 Yrs. Per Cent 11. White 1918 1,769 1923 1,850 Colored 1,334 1,220 Total 3,103 3,070 White 25 8 Colored 54 48 Total 79 56 Personal $414,545 "-Organized since 1910. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS CANDLER COUNTY (Continued) TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation $1,551,706 $231,731 RECORD OF CANDLER COUNTY BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor, Jan., 1924. Polls $1,625 SCHOOL Metter Pulaski Rosemary Aline Union Franklin Maine Cool Springs Coleman Cowart Evergreen --. Sapling Grove Wolf Creek Magnolia..- Total Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation a w CD O ft! >> CO CO AS i dW CO Ma go wo31 9 9 6 8 9 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 $8,320 4,905 1,920 1,960 2,556 1,260 1,080 720 840 690 600 660 690 300 17 12 12 12 10 11 6 6 4 10 5 5 4 10 4 4 4 10 4 4 3833 39312 2722 2722 2722 2 7 2 -_- 2 272 1 1 2722 271 2 10 9 11 534 D D A-- A 1 , 2 184 E D A-- B 2 160 E E A-- B 4 3 3 _.-- 118--. 7 5 109 E O c C A O A 2 3 9 2 91 E 61-- E C O c O c ... 2 .... 28-- E C B 1 38.... E C B 1 63.... E C C 1 ... 48 D D C O 13 33-- D C C ... 2 .... 66-- D C C ... 3 3 43... E D C 6+ $26,501 59 .. 50 44 6 24 26 28 29 23 1576D-- D-- C+ C- Age-Grade Retardation II III IV VI VII VIII IX 365 10 255 100 2 70 - 28 7.1 -1 178 10 95 73 5 53 42 87 .7 176 11 74 91 6 42 52 10.1 1.1 193 15 98 50 42 10.8 .8 153 4 60 89 2 39 59 12.3 1.3 131 3 52 76 2 40 58 13.3 1.3 142 6 48 88 4 33 63 14.4 1.4 87 4 45 38 5 52 43 14.7 .7 77 10 25 42 13 32 55 16.1 1.1 XI Tot al 40 25 1,567 3 76 24 l6~" 792 13 9 699 7 4 60 "64"" 50 33 36 46 16.5 17.6. .5 .6. CANDLER COUNTY. BY I. S. Smith. Candler County has splendid consolidation with good schools at Metter, Pulaski, Union High and 6ThI Board and Superintendent are very anxious to put a good Grammar and High School within the reach of every child in the county. . Transportation is furnished all high school pupils of the county to one of the Jumor or the Senior h splendid progress has been made in the schools of Candler County within the past few years. I make the following recommendations: 1. That a longer term be given if the finances will permit. 2 That the Board continue its plan for consolidation. 3. That, in so far as is possible, the colored schools come up to the requirement of the Fire Hazard Law, passed by the General Assembly last summer. _--------=-- GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS ATKINSON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates 1920 *1910 White 5,177 Colored 2,479 Total 7,656 6-18 Years 2,518 Attending School 2,113 Over 10 Years 750 16-20 Years 64 Per Cent 14. STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 359 1923 2,124 Colored 206 1,030 Total White 565 3,154 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 14 19 Total 15 28 Personal Land Corporation Polls $429,897 *-Organized since 1910. $1,311,354 $515,053 $974 RECORD OF ATKINSON COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor. SCHOOL Pearson High *Willacoochee Axson Consolidated Harmony Grove Temperance Arnie Fussell Inman Red Bluff Satilla Park Sunny Side Sycamore Bradwell Evergreen Kirkland Liberty Liliaton Live Oak Mt. Zion New Providence Sherland Tillman Stokesville Total -Line School. 9 $5,625 9 3,870 6 1,800 6 1,200 6 1,170 6 750 6 750 6 450 6 780 6 690 6 690 6 690 6 360 6 390 6 420 6 330 6 450 6 900 6 300 6 450 6 390 6 360 6 420 $23,235 7n 6 10 4 3 3 27 27 17 27 27 27 27 7 5 8 7 8 7 6 8 6 2 1 ft M (5 oj 7 ... 5 ... 4 .-I. 12 3 ... 2 a) 03 51 32 21 23 3 Pi 3 85 60 & ,2 OS'S oO u naa>) S3 aa a II I 0) O 1 CG tu < go m a 1 213 D C B B 4 202 D C E D 182D+ E A C 107 E E D 107D+ E B D 77 E D D 51. ..ED D 53. .. E .... D 52 ODD E EDD 68 E D E 70 E E D 32 E E E 21 E D D 57.... D D D 26 E .. D 38 E E D 73 B D C 29 E E D 36 O .. O 27 E E E 30.... EDO 53 E 48 .... 46 28 18 25 20 32 23 8 1692....D-- D D+ GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS ATKINSON COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation I II III IV VI VII VIII IX 427 221 239 250 194 144 119 19 4 12 8 12 8 5 261 101 85 84 42 46 32 --- 147 116 142 158 140 90 82 4 1 53654 61 45 35 33 22 22 27 35 54 60 64 72 73 69 51 lb 2. 13 10 36 5 4. 25 66 71 34 27 b 14 8 18 51 31 7.4 0.4 9.1 10 4 11 7 12.8 13.8 15.3 15.5 14.0 16.2 1.1 1 4 1 7 1.8 1.8 2.3 1.5. 0.2 XI 5 1 1 3 20 20 60 18.2_ 1.2. Total ,692 76 689 927 4 40 56 ATKINSON COUNTY. BY Geo. D. Godard. Atkinson County is one of the more recently formed counties, having been organized in January 1919. The county is, relatively speaking, sparsely settled. Hence the schools are not very close to each other. However, the number of white schools might be reduced from the present number to about ten without causing very heavy transportation expenses. Thus three High Schools, one Senior, and two Junior, could be made readily available for every child of High School grade in the county. The school districts of the county should be enlarged and with a small district tax to supplement state and county taxes, good houses could be built and equipped and capable teachers could be employed. One or two local independent systems might be converted into district systems to the advantage of the communities and the territories surrounding. Although the schools of the county are below a reasonable standard on account of a lack of suffi- cient funds to build suitable houses and equip them, and to pay properly efficient teachers, much progress has been made in the orgnization and development of the schools. As in most counties one consolidated school has been organized at Axson for the white pupils, and one Rosenwald school for the colored people. The colored people need better schools. DOOLY COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-80 Years Per Cent 1920 1910 8,241 7,826 12,279 12,728 20,520 20,554 6,545 6,600 4,394 4,181 3,626 4,487 428 502 24.5 31.3 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 2,400 1923 2,814 4,337 4,907 6,737 33 406 439 7,721 18 226 244 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal Land Corporation Polls $1,248,984 $3,488,5b8 $b!5,490 $2,135 10 GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OP DOOLY COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan and W. B. Hill, Supervisors, Feb., 1924. SCHOOL Vienna Byromville Unadilla Pinehurst Dooling Lilly. Union Franklin Sandy Mount Tippettville Snow Williams.-.. Butler Hill Mars Hill Oakland Pleasant Valley. Richwood .Rock Hill Smyrna Adkins Bakerfield Dunaway King Mt. Pleasant Total Grade Total. Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded... %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation m8 B 03 m3 $10,575 6,090 6,120 4,050 2,240 2,880 2,340 1,680 1,680 1,680 1,080 1,080 1,000 1,080 1,080 1,080 1,080 1,080 1,080 520 520 440 400 480 aCO oo tao O Ss o 4-J T* 11 11 11 11 11 7144 11 7 52 10 5 5 10 2213 10 4 4 9 4 4 9 213 9 2121 9 23 12 "i" 1 2 1 i11 T 2 2 i1 I2 2 2 ... 1 1 ... 1 1 --. 1 1 .-- 1 1 ... 1 1 >as> a] M dH d"o3 55 a> aa go a1 H 4 1 7 402 O-- AA 8 6 216 C-- BB 3 7 236 C-- OO 3 2 4 123 BB 43 91 BO 3 115 OO 3 3 1 13 BD 7 .-. 92 OO 4 .... 123 DDD 65 DDD 2 1 41 E DD 1 .... 45 BDD 69 DDE 42 B DD 50 ODD 2 42 ODD 53 D D D 2 46 DDD 1 35 E DD 26 D D D 1 37 E DD 2 3 30 DE D 37 E DD 52.-- E D D 8+ $51,335 83 75 57 18 60 15 49 30 32 2181 C--0--C--O-- Age-Grade Retardation i n in iv v vi vn vm K x xi Total 402 250 244 294 209 219 208 165 114 43 2,246 26 9 14 12 10 23 19 8 4 18 7 150 294 160 148 177 115 111 99 77 50 56 33 1,320 82 81 82 105 84 85 90 80 60 24 3 776 6 4 6 4 5 11 9 5 3 18 16 6 73 64 61 60 55 50 48 46 44 58 77 59 21 32 33 36 40 39 43 49 53 24 7 35 6.3 8.4 9.4 10.5 11.6 12.5 13.7 14.9 16.1 16.1 16.6 0.4 0.4 0.5 .6 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 0.1. REPORT ON DOOLY COUNTY SURVEY BY M. L. Duggan. By extraordinary diligence on the part of the county superintendent, approximately one thousand more children were found in Dooly County after the enumerators had made their reports. Thus the county will be the gainer by about twenty thousand dollars or more during the five year census period. The county school system has been and is making steady and gratifying progress, but not at any rapid rate. It is worthy of note that only six teachers are serving their present school for the first year and only eight have had less than two years' experience. Eleven teachers, however, hold "unsatisfactory license". No one-teacher school is attempting over seven grades, and no nine-grade school has less than four teachers. There are three eleven-grade schools in the county and three others with ten grades each. The investigation failed to note the number of pupils "away in High Schools and Colleges." Further consolidations should be effected in the interest of better service to the children. Upon the whole the county shows evidences of a progressive administration. One of the evidences is the exhibit showing less age-grade retardation than in most counties. Only one third of the pupils in attendance upon the schools are over-age for their grades. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 11 JONES COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Years School Over 10 Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 3,866 9,403 13,269 4,298 2,242 2,224 205 23.4 1910 3,815 9,288 13,103 4,412 2,250 2,645 326 28.9 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. 1918 1923 White 2,400 2,814 Colored Total 4,337 4,907 6,737 7,721 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. White 13 13 Colored 231 67 Total 244 Personal Land Corporation Polls $564,762 $1,372,360 $818,406 RECORD OF JONES COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, Jan. 1924. $1,710 SCHOOL Gray Haddock Glovers Bradley Coney Creek.. James Roberts Round Oak___ Wayside Antioch Avant Bluff Springs. Burdens Cobbs Ethridge Liberty Plenitude Three Points.. Union Hill Wallace Total. C3 $6,939 9 3,600 9 2,034 71 1,650 ft 900 ft 1,012 ft 965 1,760 n 1,275 525 74 322 ft 420 7* 525 74 525 74 457 74 420 ft 562 74 390 74 187 74 525 7+ $24,995 .2 H> OS o ft w ed OS oo do 5 3 a a P. go n 9 11 9 9 9 238 O A A B 4 10 4 4 4 .. 2 96 B B B 3 10 3 3 122 93 E C C 2 10 2 1 I 1 1111 41.... ECO 272 1 I 1 12 53 D D D 1 7 2 1 I 2 .. 2 31 B D D 2822 ?, 47 B D D 3 10 2 2 2 .. 1 45.... BCD 2922 2 1 47 BCD 17 17 1 i 1 1 24.... B D D 11.... B D D 19 1 1 ... 1 17 B D D 28 1 1 ... 1 13.... COD 18 1 1 ... 1 41 E D D 18 1 11 23 ODD 17 1 1 .. 25.... ODD 17 17 15 1 i I 1 1 1 1 40 BCD 21 D D D 6 E DD 27 I 1 23.... ODD 41 139 34 5 34 5 16 935.... C D+D + ' ww" 12 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS JONES COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation Grade I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded ; %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation... 139 111 118 118 106 80 78 49 35 25 21 890 58785 4 23 1 3 46 94 70 64 67 62 50 37 28 28 18 16 544 40 33 47 43 39 26 39 18 6 7 2 300 376755363 14 5 68 63 54 57 58 63 47 57 80 72 76 61 29 30 40 36 37 32 50 37 17 28 10 34 7.2 8.3 9.6 10.6 11.4 12.4 14.0 14.7 14.9 16.5 15.9. 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.7. REPORT ON THE JONES COUNTY SURVEY BY M. L. Duggan. The schools of Jones County are operated seven-and-a-half, eight and nine months, all under the county unit system. Nearly all of the teachers hold "satisfactory licenses" and have had "more than two years experience", but it is noticeable that 16 out of 39 of them are teaching their present schools for the first time. This shows too frequent changes for the best interests of the cause. None of the schools are operated less than 7| months, but some of them are attempting too many grades per teacher. The county high school at the county seat is open in its high school grades to all of the children of the county and is rendering very satisfactory service. The report does not show number of pupils "away in high schools and colleges", but too many schools with from two to four teachers are attempting ninth and tenth grade work. Only one school in the county has more than three or four teachers, nor are they equipped with teaching facilities for the higher grades. Bad roads in Jones county make consolidations difficult. Population SEMINOLE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates *1920 1910 White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1923 1,336 Personal Colored Total White 1,486 2,822 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 57 Total 66 PoUs $608,993 Organized since 1920- $1,616,763 $225,883 $1,194 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 13 RECORD OF SEMINOLE COUNTY BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor, Jan., 1924. SCHOOL Donalsonville Iron City Reynoldsville Desser Ward Fairchild Pineview Griselda Lela Total Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation am to a aOJ CO 9 $12,645 9 4,455 9 2,520 8 1,760 7 1,600 8 1,200 8 1,000 8 600 9 675 o TM aPA*ma*s 03 Sod 03 t US? 3 2 do a 17 11 14 14 11 6 10 3 13 7 6 43 14 4 3 1 ... 2 2 .... 2 1 2 2 1 .... 1 1 .... 8 431 A 0 A A 8, 191 D E O B 2 160_... E B B 95.._. D D C 75.... E C C 56_._. D O O 50 E E C C 44.... C 22___. O D O Dc 8+ $26,455 41 36 30 6 35 1 21 6 18 1124....D-- C+ C+ Age Grade Retardation I II [II IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 263 132" 147 128 132 107 78 58 32 26 14 1,117 2 3 7 5 11 5 4 . 24 43 ... 175 72 59 55 63 50 26 34 16 13 4 567 88 58 85 66 64 46 47 20 16 11 6 507 2 2 6 4 10 7 7 . 8 29 4 67 55 40 43 48 47 33 59 50 50 29 51 33 43 58 51 48 43 60 34 50 42 42 45 7.5 9. 10.3 11.1 11.9 12.7 14.5 14.5 16.0 16.8 17.5 0.5 1. 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.7 1.5 0.5 1.0 0.8 0.5. REPORT ON SEMINOLE COUNTY SURVEY. BY E. A. Pound. Seminole county is one on the youngest counties of the state, having been created in 1920. It is also one of the smallest. There are in the county today eighteen schools, nine white and nine colored. It is the purpose of the County Superintendent and County Board to reduce the number of schools eventually to only four white schools. This will make an ideal situation from a school standpoint for the county. The smaller schools will be eliminated and only the larger consolidated schools left to minister to the educational needs of the children of the county. A survey of this county was made last year by Supervisor M. L. Duggan. A booklet was printed setting forth the facts in reference to the teachers, buildings, retardation of pupils, etc. This booklet is in very full form and sets forth most of the conditions as they now exist. However, some substantial improvements have been made in some of the schools since that time, new rooms having been added to some of the schools. The Donalsonville school has been materially improved by the addition of new wings at an expense of $25,000.00. Recommendations are made for Seminole County in accordance with the ideals of the county Superintendent : Further consolidation of schools by the elimination of the smaller schools, reducing the number of white schools to four. The erection of a suitable building for the colored people. This project has already been approved. The further improvement of teachers. All teachers in this county are required to teach in accordance with the license they have. No elementary license is permitted to be used in the high school. The organization of a health district composed of Seminole, Early, Miller and Clay or Baker counties, for the purpose of eliminating malaria and the hook-worm. It is hoped that one physician will be employed for the district and a health man for each county. Considering the youth of this county, wonderful progress is being made and still greater progress is expected. 14 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS MCINTOSH COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years ' School Years Years 1920 1,316 3,803 5,119 1,660 1,410 659 36 17.4 1910 1,464 4,978 6,442 2,016 1,158 865 60 18.5 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1923 467 1918 563 Colored Total White 1,529 1,996 1,477 2,040 1 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 32 Total 33 Personal $238,623 Land Corporation $1,051,253 $339,504 RECORD OF McINTOSH COUNTY I BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor, Feb., 1924. Polls $561 SCHOOL Darien Jones Sopelo Townsend Dixie So. Newport Total. Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal. Number Retarded ^Accelerated %Normal. %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation. a a "c2C3D CO 9 $5,760 8 560 8 400 8 1,120 8 600 8 560 9 11 18 17 67 16 17 IS i " AS 0S 77 16 11 1 11 1 2 1111 1 1 1. 1 11 as a) M Ma a3 0S do 55 m 61 1 2 175 B D A 21 E C B B 3 OB B 58 E E A B 25 E B B 24. E B- C 8 $9,000 19 13 10 9 4 .. 306 D D+B+ B Age-Grade Retardation II III IV VI VII VIII IX XI 53 40 63 38 21 20 27 16 13 6 12 3 11 1 ._ 27 15 31 14 4 10 7 10 9 4 25 23 29 23 16 10 19 6 4 2 15 4 2 4 3 50 37 49 36 19 50 27 62 69 67 49 58 47 62 77 50 70 38 31 33 7.8 9.3 .1 11.3 13.5 12.0 14.5 14.3 15.4 15.0 .8 1.3 .1 1.3 2.5. 1.5 .3 9 7 2 78 22 17.5. .5. Total 306 9 138 159 3 41 56 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 15 REPORT ON McINTOSH COUNTY SURVEY. BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor. Within the past few years, Mclntosh has made wonderful progress in her school system. They have consolidated their white schools till at present they have a very small number. When they finish their plans in the northeastern part of the county (which I think will soon be done) they will have only three white schools. It would be wise for the County Board to cooperate with the State Department of Education in the employment of a .Teanes Industrial Supervisor to aid the colored schools. Population CHATTAHOOCHEE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years School Years 1920 3,296 1,968 5,264 1,112 675 430 43 10.2 1910 1,722 3,864 5,586 1,804 1,118 1,185 122 30.6 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. 1918 1923 White 536 486 Personal Colored Total White 1,209 1,745 5 768 1,254 4 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 28 39 Total 33 43 Polls $184,852 SCHOOL Cusseta Sulphur Springs. Big Sandy Favors ville Halloca Liberty Hill. Mt. Zion Providence Renfroe Total $529,841 $368,261 $495 RECORD OF CHATTAHOOCHEE COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor. aI*! "w3 $1,240 760 400 600 320 420 645 420 400 A aOB aoo Hi m aco 09 H CD o 03 (D el CD O 3 a3 Is H a)>3M> 03 *-3 60 39 122 E O 40 265 A B 383 328A-- 305A+ 52 81B + 3 15 7 3 21 D 2 22 E d a4-> S23 aa B EA BA BA BA CA AD CO DA DC DO 55 52 3 53 2 12 12 82 1594 C+ O B + GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 19 Grade inmiVVVIVnvmiXXXI Total Total Number accelerated Number Normal.. Number Retarded %Accelerated.... %Normal.___ %Retarded.. Median Age. . Med. Retardation 200 169 194 198 179 166 Il5 93 112 77 6(3 1,569 3 4 21 19 10 15 7 6 12 5 6 108 .. 180 134 134 118 117 109 76 53 69 46 33 1,069 17 31 39 61 52 42 32 34 31 26 27 392 12 10 10 5966 10 69 7 90 79 69 59 65 65 66 57 61 59 50 68 9 19 21 31 30 26 28 37 29 35 41 25 . 6.6 7.8 8.8 10.1 11.4 12.1 13.2 13.9 15.3 16.4 17.6 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 REPORT ON DOUGHERTY COUNTY SURVEY BY J. O. Martin. Dougherty County has four white schools outside of Albany. One of these is a cotton Mill School with an enrollment of 81 pupils. The three remaining schools have a total enrollment of 58 pupils. An annual amount of $2,565.00 is paid in Salaries to the teachers of these children. This is equivalent to a per capita cost of $46.00. When these three schools shall have been merged into the Albany system, the county will then have an almost perfect system of consolidation. These small schools are neat and attractive and are about as efficient as is possible to make schools of this size. There are 26 negro schools in the county. With the exception of three, these schools are above the average in building and equipment. The County School Superintendent and the County Board of Education have given much thought and attention to the care and comfort of the negro children. Their course is highly commendable. 225 white children of the county are brought into the Albany Schools. 62 of these are in the High School department. The county has recently voted $100,000 worth of bonds to match the same amount voted by Albany with which they propose to build a county High School. The present High School building is owned jointly by the county and city. It is their purpose to convert this building into a county Junior High School. A progressive and unusual spirit of co-operation exists between city and county. JENKINS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 5,608 8,719 14,327 4,355 2,660 2,821 330 27.4 1910 4,224 7,296 11,520 3,452 1,973 2,576 288 31.2 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,590 1923 1,662 Personal Colores Total White 2,504 4,094 22 2,585 4,247 7 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 61 27 Total 83 34 PoUs $846,126 $1,981,917 $732,269 $1,561 20 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF JENKINS COUNTY BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor. SCHOOL MillenHigh Lanier High Long Branch Norwood Habersham Perkins Centerville Dry Branch Fair Haven Oak Hill Big Horse Creek. Buck Head Mill TotaL. Grade TotalNumber accelerated. Number Normal Number Retarded. _. %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation-- 03 W $10,705 4,200 4,560 4,200 1,688 1,764 960 1,188 980 1,080 540 540 600 eg + d rt OS W) w OS'S do 2g2o IZj w 15 11 11 11 10 6 5 10 5 10 4 10 3 10 3 7 2 8 2 6 8 7 7 7 10 11 12 24 2 3 1 2 1 1 1 25 435 O O B A 5 219D+ D C D 4 6 2 184D+ C C C 219 D C C 82 _ EDO 73D+ ODD 2 73 D E D D 12 31. ... E D D-- 2 16. ... D D E 2 71 D E D D 1 37.... E D D 16 35.... EDO 1 46 E DE .. 8+ $33,005 51 46 39 7 27 19 25 24 29 1521.. ..E+C--C-- Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 383 186 133 193 156 125 139 12 9 4 3 16 9 5 247 82 75 73 61 45 47 124 95 54 117 79 71 87 3 4 3 1 10 7 3 73 49 56 37 39 36 34 24 51 41 62 51 57 63 7.0 9.4 9.7 11.5 12.3 13.3 14.6 1.4 0.7 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.6 77 3 29 45 4 37 59 15.3 1.3 52 1 26 25 1 50 49 15.8 0.8 37 6 16 15 16 43 41 16.5 0.5 31 1,512 7 75 16 717 8 720 22 5 51 47 27 48 16.8. REPORT ON JENKINS COUNTY SURVEY. Within the past few years, three splendid consolidations have been made in the Southern part of the county. With two more consolidations the county will have completed its program for consolidations. I am sure the sooner this can be done, the better it will be for the children of the county. I found a splendid teaching force throughout the county, many of whom have been teaching in the county for a number of years. It would be wise for the county board to co-operate with the State Department of Education and put in a Jeans worker to aid the colored teachers in their work. Population LANIER COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates *1920 1910 White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. 1918 1923 White 979 Colored 625 Total 1,604 White 4~ 28 Colored 2~ 26 Total 54 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 21 Personal $454,451 "-Organized since 1920 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation $1,025,049 $105,495 RECORD OF LANIER COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor. Polls $682 SCHOOL Milltown Crisp Knight Stockton Carter Darsey Good Hope.. Oak Grove... Reedy Creek. Thigpen Waldo Total.. Grade Total Number accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded.. %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation... CO ,646 8 11 10 740 570 780 240 360 330 360 540 300 300 eg a CD g M w oj M 03 foij.i2g MS do m 5 389 D D E B 2 85 E D D 53--. E E D 2 73 E O D 1 29 D D D 40 D E D E 41... D E E 1 40... E E E 2 47 D E D D 1 36. E D E 1 25. E D E 6 $11,166 24 25 13 12 16 9 15 858 D E+D--D-- Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI 180 115 117 114 110 23 12 6 7 4 101 56 46 35 40 56 47 65 72 66 12 10 5 6 3 56 49 39 30 36 32 41 56 64 61 6.9 8.6 10.3 11.6 12.5 0.6 1.3 1.6 1.5 75 1 21 53 1 28 71 13.7 1.7 69 45 2 13 "ii" 54 34 3 19 ~24~ 78 76 15.3 15.9 2.3 1.9 16 1 6 37 57 16.0 1.0 11 72 28 16.5 0.5 16 84 19.0. 2. . Total 858 56 338 464 6 39 55 REPORT ON LANIER COUNTY SURVEY. BY Geo. D. Godard. A survey of the schools of Lanier County shows that the number of white schools is eleven, and there are eight colored schools. Nearly ninety per cent of the white children have been enrolled while about seventy per cent of the colored school population are enrolled. There are not more than four school centers in the county at which points the larger part of the children might reach school without transportation. Four school trucks might transport every school child of high school grade to Milltown, and thus develop a real county High School. There is need of a High School building at Milltown to accommodate the pupils available. The county superintendent is active in the enforcement of the compulsory attendance law among the white children, holds monthly meetings of his teachers, and keeps his Board of Education informed as to school conditions. A budget system of expenditures is adopted and consequently the Board of Education is not in debt. The expenditures are not allowed to exceed the prospective income. A program of consolidation is in formation and then new buildings will be erected for the schools. Lanier is a small county and is in position to become a model in school administration. tmm 22 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS PtTLASKI COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 1910 4.422 9,329 7,164 13,504 11,586 22,833 3,632 7,033 2,775 3,892 2,135 4,962 241 601 24.8 30.7 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White' Colored Total White Colored 1918 1,362 1923 1,381 2,277 2,092 3,639 3,473 15 73 15 163 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Total 178 Personal Land Corporation Polls $679,027 $2,660,158 $112,691 RECORD OF PULASKICOUNTY BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor, Feb. 1924. $1,588 O Owo CD *PulaskiHigh Pulaski Jr. High Midway Blue Springs Browndale Central High Finleyson... Total Grade i*Total Number accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation . OS CO 7 $3,500 7 1,120 7 3,150 7 1,925 7 1,560 7 1,710 7 960 5 10 27 6 10 4 4 4 3 W + 51 2 5 3 3 3 2 s> >> O 05 M 0S3Sm a; r! s^ riH nO S5 53 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 $52,837 28,053 32,757 14,883 12,937 20,393 11,409 34,617 16,770 14,075 14,674 10,750 1,737 1,677 2,383 3,158 3,222 2,456 719 4,180 839 779 960+ 23 9-11 29 29 27 2 1 22 7-9 24 24 17 7 3 24 7-9 28 28 15 13 4 12 6 13 13 10 1 13 6 14 14 13 19 20 20 14 5 9 88 6 1 10 11 11 .-.- 8 1 16 16 16 14 16 15 15 9 1 16 6 15 15 11 1 8699 8 2 1 -- 2 1 1 2. 2 2 2 ... 2 _ 4 3 ... 3 _ 3 2 1 3_ 3 2 ... 2 . 1 1 ... 1 _ 4 4 ... 4 _ 3 1 ... 1 . 1 1 ... 1 _ 3 3 ... 3 _ 358 814 A+A+B--A+ 922 A+ C B-- A 1004 A+ C A+ C 486 597. ...c C 755 .... c B D D B B B 348 .... B E B 429..... D E B 686. .... C O B 657..... O D B 741..... B B-- B+ 341. .... B E C ---. 65..... E C C 65..... C B D 55..... D C B 139.... C B O 75..... O D O 86. ... C B+ B 20. ... E D+ D 149. ... C C C . 43. ... B A C 30.... E D C 97.... E B 19 12 17 17 ... 17 . 8 8 24 215. ...A+ A ...80%.... 348. ... A A 888 370. ... C A 13 1 1 ... 13.... B 8 9-12 9 9 ... 1 .... 30 144. ... B 9 $286,265 252 ....269 257 4 210 51 29....412 9694.... C C- Age-Grade Retardation Grade II III IV VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Total Nxrumb0etraVA-- cceVle--ra*t-e-:d; Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated ^Normal ^Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation 1045 3 974 1079 1109 12 17 33 887 25 833 30 74419 65128 53557 33749 23550 12966 8,676 343 840 711 653 623 410 441 364 359 365 235 202 251 409 453 452 362 344 207 157 110 .3 1.2 1.6 .3 2.8 3.6 5.5 8.4 6.3 9 80 73 60.5 56.2 46.2 49.7 48.6 56.5 65.5 62 165 50 14 66 134 36 13 3 684 5,300 3,033 3.9 61 19.7 25.8 37.9 40.8 51 46.7 45.9 35.1 28.2 29 20 183 __. 6.9 8.1 9.2 10.4 11.8 12.5 13.4 14.1 14.9 15.9 16.7 175 35.1 .1 .2 .4 .8 .5 .4 .1 REPORT ON SURVEY OF CHATHAM COUNTY SCHOOLS. BY Lawton B. Evans and Miss Lurline Parker, Jan. 1924. Savannah is the oldest city in Georgia and there is every evidence of solidity, dignity and conservatism. Many years ago some of the present school buildings were erected under conditions that were no doubt satisfactory at the time but which do not meet the demands of present educational programs We find the administration of the schools seriously embarrassed by lack of assembly halls, cloak rooms and in some of the old buildings, a serious lack of playground space around them. We consider that in modern school buildings rooms for the assembly of aU pupils and ample space around the buildings are necessary for the efficient management of the pupils. This handicap is not curable except at great expense and GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 25 the school officials of Savannah recognize the difficulty under which they are laboring, but for which they are not responsible. We are glad to note that there is considerable improvement in the consolidation of rural schools and the building of a number of up-to-date school houses in the rural districts for the accomodation of children who live outside the city. These buildings are well lighted, properly heated and are so constructed that when the doors are opened the entire structure becomes practically an assembly hall. We hope that the school authorities of Chatham County will be able to complete their purpose of consolidating all of their rural schools, both white and colored, into model schools such as those that have already been built. We were received with great courtesy and cordiality by the school officials and by the teachers and our visit was profitable to us and made pleasant by the facilities which were afforded us for our investigation. The Superintendent and his office force were at our disposal, and we desire to thank them for the prompt and excellent way in which all of the statistical information was gathered and the clear way in which it was presented for our review. We noted with pleasure the many excellent things in the school system. The buildings which have recently been erected are well-lighted, of ample school-room dimensions, are well kept and many of them show signs of decoration and ornamentation which make them a pleasure to the pupils and the teachers. Unfortunately, we think in some instances there is a crowding of pupils in the grades made necessary by the lack of sufficient funds to employ a sufficient force to properly distribute the children. To us many of the grades seemed crowded with an excessive enrollment, which acts as a handicap to efficient teaching by even the excellent teachers who are employed. Grades which run 50 to 60 pupils to a teacher can not be as satisfactorily handled as those that run 40 to 45 to a teacher. Under the general understanding of the profession nowadays an average enrollment of 40 pupils to a teacher is about as many as one school room should have. Even with this handicap, however, we were satisfied that the instruction is excellent, and the teachers are doing a good work. , The attendance upon the schools is good and regular throughout all the grades. There is not much falling off from grade to grade and we commend the adherence of the pupils to their promotions and the number of those which remain in the higher grades. The division of the course of study into six (6) grammar grades, three (3), Junior High School, and three (3) Senior High School grades makes the administration easy and the promotion attractive. The Age-Grade Retardation is above the average, there being less than 30% of retardation in mo st of the schools. We call your attention to the system by which the Board of Education supplies the pupils with text books by rental. The Board buys the text books and retains the ownership of them, renting them to the pupils for one year's use at less cost than the pupils could buy them from the dealers. At the end of the year the books are collected and distributed to other pupils at the beginning of the next term. Under this system every child brings to the school on the day of its opening the necessary rental money for these books needed during the entire year, which also includes school supplies. Under the teachers' direction the books are well cared for and at the end of the year are accounted for. This makes the life of a book three to five years, whereas under the pupil's ownership the life of a book is rarely more than two years and sometimes only one. This is an approach to the free textbook plan and is much superior to the pupil's purchase and ownership of his books. The most serious handicap of the Chatham County Schools is lack of sufficient funds for carrying on the activities that are proposed. The present law limits the taxing power of the Board to five (5) mills which results in an insufficient fund to maintain a school system of its size and importance.The result was that last year the City Council had to appropriate $100,000 to supplement the fund, and even that is now insufficient. Some provision should be made by law by which the Chatham County Board could increase their levy to an amount sufficient to maintain their school system as it should be maintained, without calling upon the City Council for a supplementary appropriation and without discouraging the school authorities by their inability to carry out all the plans they may have in mind. The Junior High School is probably one of the best structures of its kind in the state. It contains all the modern school propositions and is a source of pride to the people of Savannah. The lack of funds as above mentioned has prevented the Board from fully equipping this splendid building and its activities are not yet full under way. Its popularity is shown by its already crowded condition, giving evidence of the fact that the public will respond to a fine school by sending their children to take advantage of its privilege. The system is fortunate to have as progressive and capable officers as Superintendent, Mr. C. B. Gibson and Asst. Superintendent, Mr. Frank Ferguson, whose wisdom and skill are shown in every department, with their close supervision and careful attention to the needs of the schools. The teachers gwe every evidence of ability, and the tests submitted to us show the results of good instruction. The details of the school system are shown in the statistical reports which were carefully compiled and which accompany this report. 26 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS ROCKDALE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years School Years Years 1920 5,986 3,534 9,520 3,042 2,275 928 80 13.3 1910 5,324 3,592 8,916 2,625 1,822 1044 134 16.5 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,649 1923 1,644 Personal Colored Total White 1,012 2,661 19 1,070 2,714 14 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 78 84 Total 97 98 Polls $741,134 SCHOOL Conyers . . Milstead.. Bethel Magnet Oak Grove Smyrna Trangle Grove Union Velta Cedar Gr sve .. Ebenezer Haynes Creek. Midway Oakland Princeton..--.. Rockdale Rock Hill TotaL $1,514,727 $66,195 RECORD OF ROCKDALE COUNTY BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor, Jan. 1924. $1,263 m HK H 'm3 9 $10,395 9 9,150 7 558 7 558 7 570 7 558 7 498 7 558 7 546 7 306 7 306 7 282 7 306 7 330 7 330 7 330 7 30fi 7+ $25,887 +^ aXfl oo A 6 'A A 60 OS m CaD CO 0 m U CD Ao amaa CO in i d Slin 'A 03 oS in --< 0) a CD g CD >> A OS 03 M H 8- o3 T! + 1 +3 dW do 03 * CM --H A Pi a O a w CD +a^ CD A 0 03 CD a oCD OS oM fOfl +3 a CD 60 30 3 < W 12 11 12 12 8 4 5 25 302 0 B A A 11 7981634 237 D A-- A 28211111 67 E D E 2822 1111 50 E E D D 282111118 55 E E E D 38211112 12 2 68 E E D 282 2 11 53 E E D D 382111122 55 E D E 282111115 52 E E D O 17 1 16-... E D E 17 1 30 E D D 17 1 1 17 E D E 161 ... 1 1 31 E E E 2 7 11 1 1 31 O E D 17 1 1 113 36 D D D 17 1 1 1 .. ..11 1 71 l IT 27 E B E E an v. r v. 48 43 30 13 26 17 22 32 27 1157E+D-- D D Grade GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS Age-Grade Retardation II III IV VI VII VIII IX 27 XI Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal.._. %Retarded Median Age Median Retardation 262 138 140 134 137 116 108 56 28 24 19 1,162 11 94157235 2 49 184 69 70 62 60 48 33 19 18 19 12 594 67 60 66 71 72 61 73 34 5 5 5 519 47313625 18 0 10 4 70 50 50 46 44 41 30 34 64 79 63 51 26 43 47 53 53 53 68 61 18 21 27 45 7.0 8.7 9.8 11.1 12.1 13.1 14.5 15.4 14.0 16.2 16.8. 7 .8 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.5 1.4 .2 REPORT ON ROCKDALE COUNTY SURVEY. BY J. O. Martin. The character of the Rockdale teachers is above the average. The daily attendance of the pupils is normal and the classroom'work shows the effects of honest effort. The Conyers High School receives $1,000 thru the Barrett-Rogers Act, and as a result of this 47 pupils from the rural districts were enrolled there last fall in the high school. This has relieved many of the rural schools of the burden of attempting high school work. The greatest needs of the county are the following: 1 .Consolidation of the majority of the schools and planning for three or four Junior High Schools. 2. The construction of better roads leading to these central schools. 3. Increase of county-wide local tax to 4 or 5 mills. 4. Lengthening of the school term to 8 months. 5. Increasing salary of County School Superintendent to an amount enabling him to devote his entire time to the work. 6. Construction of buildings according to State adopted plans. MliHHHHHMMHniHlBH^^^^^H' ' Georgia State School Items Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Act of October 3,1917, authorized October 5,1923. Vol. 1 Atlanta, March 31,1924 No. 11 Financial Itemizing--Continued Continuing our discussion of the problems of school finances in the last issue of the Items we desire to compare two appropriations made by the General Assembly in the general Appropriations Act. One, an appropriation that is merely permissive under the Constitution--an appropriation that the Legislature is permitted to make provided there are sufficient funds in the Treasury. The other, the common school appropriation, which is mandatory, for the Constitution contains this clause "There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of the children as nearly uniform as practicable, the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation or otherwise. The schools shall be free to all of the children of the State, and separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races." It would seem that if either one of these appropriations were to be favored it would be that of the common schools. But this is not the practice. The first appropriation is paid monthly. The common school appropriation is not paid for more than a year later. There is certainly nothing in the law that makes this distinction for both appropriations are in the same General Appropriations Bill, and there is no legislative direction that the common school fund should be delayed or should be discriminated against in favor of other appropriations. Then why this discrimination.? Why penalize the children of Georgia? Is their education of less value to the state than every other appropriation made--these children, tousled of hair peering into a future, not knowing whence or whither, but upon whose shoulders rests the destiny of empire? Why charge these children $260,000 interest and not charge it to any other appropriation in the state? We have received letters from children of Georgia, pleading to us to continue their schools. These schools were to be closed at the end of five months because there were no funds to continue them. They begged that means might be provided that they might continue in school as long as some other children in the state had the opportunity. Yet the pleading of thes e children had to be in vain for the state is penalizing them in favor of other appropriations and departments. If custom has tied the knot so that it cannot be undone, then is it not time to cut this Gordian knot and free the children of Georgia from this unjust penalty. Let us correct this thing. FINANCIAL REPORT. In this issue of the Items will be found a complete financial statement of the school systems of the entire state. We have taken a great deal of pains to make this as accurate and complete as possible. The county school superintendents and treasurers of local systems have cooperated with us in accomplishing this. We sincerely thank all of them for their efforts that has made this, perhaps, the most complete and accurate financial report ever made by the state as a whole. We have not been able to get reports from Bishop and Pine Grove in Oconee County, and Martin.in Stephens County. We regret this very much and have made every effort possible to obtain them but for some reason unkown to us the school officials of those places have failed to furnish the information requested. Otherwise this financial statement is complete. In analyzing this statement you will observe that a balance of $3,547,322.61 was on hand January first 1923. Much of this resulted from the sale of bonds for school buildings that had not been expended previously. Two Million Eight Hundred Twenty-Five Thousand, One Hundred Four Dollars and fiftythree cents ($2,825,104.53) was from Atlanta and the other was distributed throughout the state. tmm mm 2 GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS Also under the head of "other sources" there occurs approximately $2,000,000 for temporary loans that was returned during the year and should not be a part of the actual receipts for the operation of the schools. Hence, subtracting this two million dollars gives for total receipts $17,580,177.34. Under the head of "expenditures" this $2,000,000 used in the payment of temporary loans should be deducted. Hence the total expenditures for all purposes for the year would be $17,291,646.98. This is indeed a splendid showing. We can not help but feel proud of what Georgia is doing in supporting her common schools. Yet the question arises, did we get this much real educational value for the money expended. Judge Covington, upon the floor of the House of Representatives, stated that the loss of motion and wastage in the common schools was tragic. To what extent this wastage and loss has affected the results behooves us to study carefully and we may find it better not to ask for more money but to expend more wisely that which we are now receiving. There is a great loss due to the faulty administrative system in Georgia. This can not be estimated so much in dollars and cents as it can be in the loss to the children in obtaining that education and that equipment for life that the State is expecting and really paying for. There is another great loss that is entirely financial, due to the methods and time of payments of the school fund. This ought to be--and I believe it will be--corrected as soon as it is called to the attention of the General Assembly and they understand what this great loss means to the children of Geogia. Let us put forward every effort to see that this money that we now receive is wisely and correctly spent. GEORGIA EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION. The Georgia Educational Association will hold its annual session at Savannah May 1 to 3. I earnestly urge every superintendent in Georgia not only to become a member of this association, but to urge each and every teacher and school official in each city and county to do likewise. While you may not be able to attend, yet that support you give it by being a member will be of great help and assistance. Georgia has reached the "parting of the way"--half a century of achievements is back of us. We are confidently looking forward to the next fifty years for still greater accomplishments. Certain errors that have entered into our school system of the past must be corrected. Many of these will be legislative, principally involving administration and financial support. Due to these, great inequality exists throughout the state in educational opportunity. Some children attend school for nine months--taught by splendid teachers; others attend only five months and, in many instances, taught by inferior teachers. Let us unite all of the educational forces of the state in one body and present a solid front. ASSOCIATION OF SCHOOL OFFICIALS. A large number of Superintendents have written concerning their wish as to whether this association should meet with the Georgia Educational Association or have a separate session at some other place and time. The majority favor a separate meeting. However, I am convinced that there should be a conference of these superintendents at Savannah in connection with the Georgia Educational Association and therefore I am calling you to meet in conference at Savannah on Friday, May 2nd, at 3 P. M. I hope that every member of the Boards of Education and every superintendent that can possibly be present will come and join in this conference. Some very important matters dealing with the schools of Georgia will be presented. While the program will be informal, with no set speeches, yet I hope that every one will come prepared to offer such suggestions and solutions to our school problems as may have been found by him to be a satisfactory solution in his own school work. It will be determined at this conference whether to call the Association of Superintendents and School Officials together in official meeting at another time and place. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS MACON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School I Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 1910 5,639 4,434 12,027 10.581 17,666 15,015 5,791 4.501 3,088 3,084 2,878 3,345 331 22.2 722 31.2 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored 1918 1,549 2,954 4,503 1923 1,566 3,723 5,289 27 9 201 139 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Total 228 148 Personal Land Corporation Polls SI.72.620 $2,935,633 $271,605 KECORD OF MACON COUNTY BY W. B. Hill & M. L. Duggan, Supervisors, Feb. 1924. $3,284 SCHOOL Montezuma Marshallville Oglethorpe Ideal CutOff GardenValley Pleasant Hill \ Central 'Delta Englishville Gum Springs Laws Lebanon Lutheran Maple Dell Pinelevel Sunny Dell Whitewater Total 75 "3 03 9 $14,470 9 6,960 9 3,780 9 3.600 8 1,080 8 1,380 8 1.120 8 600 8 800 8 480 8 560 8 600 8 560 8 640 8 520 8 640 8 680 8 520 8+ $38,990 a S5 P a) P3 a a SS.2 a S3 . dO 3 m 22 11 16 14 13 10 7 11 7 7 __ 5 6 6 10 5 5 __ 5 4 10 5 .- 5 3 9 2 .. 1 1 2 7 1 1 2 .--- 2 1 11 481 E A 159__1. A __ 99 D B B B 123.-- B B B 38.-- B C C __ 44 CDD 36 C D C D 34 D C C D 15 BDD 15. E D D 35_ D D D 40- E D E 16- E D E 20_ E D C 36- D C D 25- E E D 40- D D D 18- E D D 60 50 39 8 37 10 33 1274____ D+C- GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS MACON COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation Grade I II III IV VI VII VIII IX Total Number Accelerated... Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation _ 209 130 155 108 134 102 """ 4 141 2 85 2 85 1 66 1 67 12 53 111.'." '__. _ "" """ ~ ~" ~ ['_ 64 2 07 31 7.3 43 2 65 33 8.5 68 1 55 44 9.8 41 1 61 38 10.7 66 1 50 49 11.9 37 2 52 36 12.3 o.3 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.3 127 107 2 5 67 48 58 54 5 53 45 45 50 13.8 15.0 0.8 1.0 76 IS" 31 60 40 15.7 0.7 XI 43 25 1 1 27 19 15 5 24 63 76 35 20 16.6 17.3 0.6 0.3 Total 1,216 31 703 482 3 58 39 MACON COUNTY. BY M. L. Duggan and W. B. Hill. Hmigxh, JVS yorthy of note that schools run nine months. Macon County operates all schools eight months, while the four Senior The percentage of age-grade retardation is only 39, which is a better showing than in most Georgia counties. Of the forty seven teachers in the county forty one hold first grade or professional licenses while only six show unsatisfactory scholarship. The consolidated county high school at Montezuma deserves especial mention, for with sixteen teachers it serves more than one-third of the children of the entire county Nearly three-fourths (71%) of all the children of the county are served by the four senior high schools with thirty three teachers, while the remaining twenty nine per cent are served by fourteen teachers m twelve little schools, all of these little schools, except one, attempting more or less high school work, and ten of these fourteen teachers serving their first year at their present schools. Inequality of educational opportunity is evident. HART COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates 1920 1910 White 12,320 11.136 Colored 5,624 5,080 Total 17,944 16,216 6-18 Years 5,818 5,065 Attending School 4,928 3.477 Over 10 Years 1,603 2,545 16-20 Years 130 274 Per Cent 12.7 22.9 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. 1918 1923 White 3,926 4,190 Colored 1,688 1,895 Total 5,614 6,085 White 66 26 Colored 50 Total 134 76 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal $614,928 Land $8,036,716 Corporation $197,769 Polls $2,084 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF HART COUNTY BY W. B. Hill & M. L. Duggan, Supervisors, March 1924. SCHOOL *Hartwell ReedCreek Sardis AirLine *Bowersville GoldMine Cokesbury Duncan Eagle Grove Nuberg Vanna Viola Bio Beulah . Cedar Creek Cross Roads Flat Shoals KingsBench Midway Milltown Mt. Hebron Rock Spring Shoal Creek TJnionHill Vernon Adams Camp Ground Liberty Liberty Hill New Prospect Rice. Total a w si > Mr] o3 03 M -- 9 $18,270 7 3,512 7 3,272 6 1,832 9 3,735 6 1,876 6 1,059 6 395 6 998 6 1,257 6 1,004 6 6 1,314 702 6 900 6 707 6 626 6 624 6 550 6 516 6 > 529 6 708 6 658 6 799 6 761 6 648 6 383 6 852 6 383 6 351 6 351 6 324 03 Da) 28 11 16 16 15 1 10 10 9 9 81 6965 1 6 494314 6 10 5 3 2 5 .... 5953223 393123 383 321 2 3 9 9 3 3 2 1 1 2 3 2 1 3 10 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 3 .. 2 1 2 21111 2 21 1 2 112 3 3112 2 2 1 1 ... 2 2 2.2 2 8 2 -..- 2 2 .... 2 8 2 .... 2 1 1 2722 2 ---. 2 9 2 2 2 __- 2 7 2 2 --.. 2 ._- 2722 2 -._. 2 7 2 ...- 2 1 1 271 1 -.. 1 2 8 2 2 .... 1 1 1 9 1 -_-. 1 1 ... 1 7 1 _--_ 1 ... 1 1 7 1 -... 1 ._- 1 1 7 1 .... 1 ___ 1 03 . do 3 40 577-.-. O 4 315 E E 10 1 227 E E 15 158 D E 9 4 145 D D 4 212 E E 10 91... D 1 97 D E 3 83 E E 7 96.-. 0 1 100.... E 1 97 C E 5 62--. K 4 63 E E 1 73-- E 1 114 E E 2 4 1 85--. E 2 64 D E 2 _-.- 1 45..-. E 17 60 E D 56-.-. E 61 C E 1 32-__ E 28 72 E D 2 ... 52 E E 18 49-- E 1 4 2 50 B E 1 26... E 1 42-- 13 46-- E 1 43 _ E A B B C BC CD CC O A B Cc c BB CD BB BB BB CD DD DD DD DD BD DD ED BC DD C0 DD DD DD DC EE . 6+ $50,354 101 96 62 34 77 19 50 108 57 3293D+ E+ C+ D Age-Grade Retardation Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation I II III IV VI VII VIII 793 28 486 279 3 376 7 140 229 2 364 8 140 216 2 390 18 121 251 5 314 4 101 209 1 294 6 102 186 2 260 7 100 153 3 197 2 70 125 1 61 37 38 31 32 35 38 36 3J> 61 " A 9.4 0-4 1.4 60 10.4 1.4 64 11 6 16 67 12 7 17 63 13.7 1.7 59 14.5 1.5 63 15 1 IX 120 2 46 72 2 38 60 16.5 1.5 88 3 44 41 3 50 47 16.9 0.9 XI 51 1 23 27 2 45 53 18.2 1.2 REPORT ON HART COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan and Walter B. Hill. Total 3,247 86 1,373 1,788 3 42 55 Discipline at schools is good. Pupils have serious attitude towards work. The teachers are doing good work, considering the unfavorable conditions that east in some schools More equipment and more space are needed at some schools. The school work is suffering on account of this. ,, The Superintendent, Board, and teachers deserve to be commended for the results being obtained with the funds available. Hart County has 3600 white children of school age, and no GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS HART COUNTY (Continued) more real progress can be made without more money. Either the tax values must be raised, or some other source of revenue must be found. At present, only $1.82 per child is available from county funds for all children. Twelve districts now have local tax and several more should vote it. 5. Hartwell High School deserves to be commended for fine work and for the spirit of cooperation shown. 6. Reed Creek and Bowersville schools have 10 grades; Goldmine, Air Line, Nuberg, Sardis, Mt. Olivet, and a new school located near Providence Church in Shoal Creek District should have nine grades; Vanna and a new school to be located at Bailey's gin should have 7 grades. These are all the schools needed. The other districts should be consolidated with these, or divided among them, in accordance with recommendations of the State Department of Education. T. Hart County deserves praise for having three exellent schools for vocational agriculture. Sardis, Hartwell and Reed Creek. This work is building up these high schools and proving of great benefit to the country boys. An industrial supervisor for the Negro Schools should be employed with the aid of the Jeanes Fund through the State Department of Education. Effort should be made to build one modern building each year for the Negroes, with the help of the Rosenwald Fund. A brick County Training School for the Negroes is now being built at Hartwell. Population JOHNSON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent 1920 1910 7,881 7,340 5,665 5,557 13,546 12,897 Years 4,373 4,066 School 2,839 2,079 Years 1,626 1,879 Years 182 232 16.9 21.2 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1923 2,659 1918 2.743 Personal Colored Total White 1,766 4,425 15 2.022 4,765 56 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 55 138 Total 70 194 Polls $619,117 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded '/^Accelerated.. %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation. $2,032,758 $238,264 Age-Grade Retardation $1,850 i II III IV VI VII VIII IX 459 5 205 14 274 16 255 15 232 13 202 13 163 4 326 113 128 78 1 7 71 55 28 38 6.E 8.7 103 155 6 38 56 10.4 83 157 6 33 61 11.7 91 128 6 39 55 12.3 71 118 6 35 59 13.4 49 110 3 30 67 14.7 70 2 23 45 3 33 64 15.4 42 6 20 16 14 47 39 15.4 0-7 1-4 1.7 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.4 0.4 X XI 43 25 83 22 17 13 5 19 12 51 68 30 20 16.2 17 2 0.2 0.2 Total 1,970 99 918 953 5 46 48 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF JOHNSON COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan, W. B. Hill & Sarah M. Duggan, Supervisors, Dec. 1923. SCHOOL Wright sville Kite Scott Meeks Eureka Green Hill MayoMill Moore's Chapel New Home . Piney Mt .. Pleasant Grove Rehobeth Spann Wheeler Arline Cedar Grove EdgeHill Gethsemane Greenway Liberty.. Mattie Lou Myrtle Grove Powell's Chapel Price Pullen '_ Red Hill v Stokes Sunshine Union : Wesley Total 9 8 8 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 --- 6 --6 6 6 6 6 6 a "3 CO $7,880 4,520 3,145 900 630 630 630 690 630 630 690 720 630 690 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 300 360 360 360 6+ $28,655 a) W + w I 01 OS td CO 1 11 11 11 11 11 1 5 11 10 10 9 4 1 11 5 5 .. 4 3 3 31 2 1 2 2 2 _- 1 2 2 2 2 .. 2 2 21 1 1 2 22 1 1 3 21 2 1 22 2 2 2 2 __ 2 2 2- 2 2 21 2 2 2 ... 1 ._ 1 .. 1 _. 1 .. 1 .. 1 1 _. 1 .. 1 .. 1. 60 --. 65 56 9 55 10 27 T3 tf |S,2 IS go 2 320 C AA .-. 279 D CC 152 D CD 99 D CD 69 -- EE 52.... EE 58 CDE 51--. E D E 67--- D D E 55^--. E E 48.-- E D D 55..-- E E E 43 -- E D E -.-. 54... D D E .... 23--. E D D ._-- 14-._. E D D .... 30-_-. E E D .... 34-__. E E D -._. 32... D D D, .... 39-- E D D .... 24-... E E E 17..-- E E D __- 37-- E D E -__ 33... E D E _--_ 34-- E E E _ _ 51__- E E E 33__- E I) E 41... E D E -__- 37-- E D E -__ 34-- D E E -1905 E+ D D JOHNSON COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan & W. B. Hill A rapid inspection of the schools of Johnson County reveals progress in some places. Especially is this evident at Kite, Wrightsville, and a few other points. Most of this progress appears to be the result of local initiative rather than inspired and directed from any central administration. The county school system, as a whole, does not appear to have functioned satisfactorily as shown from the tabulations made. . Of the 2 743 white children in the county (according to the last school census) only about nineteen hundred are reported in the schools. This would seem to indicate over eight hundred white children not in school. , ., , Furthermore, the tabulations show that most of those children who are in the schools are over- age for their grades. By far, the majority of the pupils of the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth grades are several years too old for their respective grades, many of them from four to six and more over-age. Comparatively few of the children enter the first grade until after they are seven or more years old. Many of the school houses are still antiquated and unfit and without adequate teaching equip- 1 A larger percentage of the teachers hold first grade certificates, but at a majority of the schools, the teacher is serving for her first year, which indicates frequent changes. A strong central control and direction is essential to an adequate public school system for the county. Population GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS FULTON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent 1920 1910 162,354 119,663 70,200 57,985 2.:s2,554 177,648 Years 48,893 38,263 School 41,406 25,487 Years 13,224 13.096 Years 733 707 6.9 9.2 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 29,490 1923 44,567 Colored 11,312 21,208 Total White 40,802 119 65,775 21 TAXABLE VALUE 1823. Colored 129 49 Total 248 70 Personal Land Corporation Polls $53,941,430 $150,048,835 if 27,513,083 RECORD OF FULTON COUNTY BY C. B. Gibson & Miss Lurline Parker, January 1924 $25,720 SCHOOL Adair *Atlanta Nor. & Faith *Calhoun 9 $21,604 15 9 41,213 20 9 26,300 22 1to 4> ft X H + 03 > 03 14 14 _ 25 25 .. 18 18 .. 14 ... 23 2 17 1 aa >> >>s a tf 03 03 Wl & Si a 03 * 7? 0 6 oO a * S3 w o a 3-a o$ Sa 30 3 mw 1 449 BAA 16 634..._ D A A 7 500A + C/A A Crew Davis Edgewood : ELa W. Smillie English Ave FairSt Formwalt Forrest Ave Georgia Ave Goldsmith Grant Park HHiilgl hland Home Park Inman Park Ira Street Jas. L. Key J.C.Harris John B. Gordon #Kirkwood 9 18,837 10 9 18,072 13 9 20.966 14 9 14,819 9 ; 9 46,381 35 9 20,296 15 9 28,936 10 9 16,067 8 9 24,182 16 9 10^272 6 9 28,500 20 9 24,338 17 9 21,719 14 9 22,620 15 9 24,756 13 9 15^752 12 9 26,869 20 9 26,534 21 9 18,938 13 9 27,925 20 13 13 _. . 11 13 13 _. 10 15 15 _. . 13 10 10 _. 9 35 35 .. 30 16 16 ._ 11 21 21 __ 18 12 12 _. 9 17 17 .. 15 7 7 __ 5 21 21 __ 18 18 18 __ 17 15 15 .. 14 16 16 _. 15 18 18 .. 14 12 12 .. 9 20 20 __ 14 19 19 _. 15 14 14 ... 11 21 21 .. 17 23 35 23 11 59 59 38 35 14 22 34 15 12 1 2. 49 3 10 . 6 8. 4 7. 3 7. 4 10 . 408. . 386_ . 453 . 340_ .1107. . 548 . 756. . 339. . 480. . 190. 680. 675. 447. 572. 520_. . 367. . 764. 632395535- IE B A-- A DE B BcB AAA ?; A-- A cC A O A A BAB D c A A-- B B DCA AAA 0AA D E A c A A E DB BAA BAA C c A /A A A \ Lee St Luckiest Marietta St 9 25,897 16 9 27,413 16 9 11,839 4 18 18 ... 17 1 18 19 19 ... 14 5 2 9 9 ... 5 4 5 IE 586-..- D A A 568..... B A-- A 273--. E E B GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF FULTON COUNTY. Milton Ave *OMaokrlealannddCity Ormewood Peeples *Pryor SS.laMt o. nInman '. Spring St Stanton State Stewart TenthSt 4Whiteioord W Opilpliaomrtsunity Bass Jr. High Jos. E. Brown Jr. High Hoke Smith Jr. High O'Keefe Jr. High fGirls' High l*(CtBoomyms'eHrciigahl High... fTechHigh t Fulton High Ben Hill Benteen Bolton Cascade Center Hill Central Chattahoochee Cross Roads E. P. Howell Grove Park Hammond Hapeville Hemphill Humphries Lakewood Heights LibertyHill Marion Smith Mayson Morgan Falls Mt. Olive Mt. Vernon Peachtree Heights Perkerson RockSprings R. J. Quinn R.L.Hope Rosserville West Haven Woodmere "College Park High tEE'Eaaassstt tPPPoooiininnttt Sr. High Central Church St East Point Harris St TFeuclthonHiBN. i&ghCt. School Mill Night EAClteeln.. tW TraroalmdNeaingshCt lub oG. M. A Marist College N. A. P. S St. Anthony Washington Seminary.. Woodberry Hall (Continued) 9' 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9,654 22,825 19,390 12,319 23,045 14,839 24,063 20,809 18,503 10,652 21,684 9,012 21,384 7 7 7. 13 17 17 _ 15 14 14 . 8 9 9- 15 16 16 - 9 10 10 . 17 6 17 17 - 17 6 15 15 - 13 (i 13 13 . 6 6 7 7_ 14 6 15 15 . 10 6 7 7 . 14 6 14 14 - 9 9 9 9 9 6,480 21,038 18,993 72,024 50,725 6 6 5 5_ 13 6 14 14 . 10 Sp. 15 15 . 22 2 39 39 . 26 2 28 28 . 75,318 36 2 41 41 64,241 31 2 37 37 85,794 28 8-11 42 42 46,212 18 8-11 22 22 88,455 37 8-11 40 40 116,838 60 3 62 62 32,000+ 17 8-11 20 20 9 2,430 3 33 2,516 4733 9 9 5,220 1,575 9 6,997 9 1,710 9 4,027 9 900 9 7,222 9 7,402 9 2,805 9 9 9 9 10,867 1,530 2,430 9,450 9 585 9 9,202 9 9 1,800 900 9 9 1,530 4,759 9 5,530 9 3,172 9 2,403 9 2,565 9 9 4,837 1,575 9 3,217 9 675 9 17,875 9 7,700 9 11,035 7777 2 72 879 2 7 2 2_ 4 7 5 5. 2 7 1 1. 6 7 9 9. 7 7 10 9 4 9 4 4. 9 7 15 14 2 7 2 2. 4733 8 7 12 10 2 10 7 7 1 12 ii 2722 27 1 1 722 766 777 4743 4733 3733 6765 272 374 14 1 1 26 11 22 22 12 6 7 7 15 6 14 14 9 5,005 36 9 9 9 9 9 4,915 656 5,1: 864+ 450+ 16,910+ " . Voc Voc vVoc 37 7 14 2 2 3 34 2o,400 12 7 14 2 2 3 34 13 14 17 12 20 47 4 23 12 24 5,000 4 4 5 15 11 8 14 10 16 10 15 11 4 7 199.-. D A-- A 585A- A A A 397-.. B A A 237.. D D A 510. _ B 15 A 303-. B A A 579-. B A-- A 508A + A A B 393 AAA 173--. D E A 14 4 14 _ 4 12 15 35 26 39 34 42 . 22 . 40 62 . 18 .3 .3 .3 .2 9 .2 .4 1 2 2 5 39 28 24 37 6 3 6 6 3 2 2 2 2 3 1 511- O C A 256. A D A 495 A0A 205- 0 D 15 463. B D A 994_ EC 1008A + O A A 697_._. C A C ..1049A + D D 15 975.... C A B 100 1092. D E A .265 530 -A 1 ... . 14 1015 DDA 489 1300 DE A .. 601 ... E B 106 c: O C 4 87 .... D C C 44 257 CBA 60.... E D C 27 296 E DA 36.... D C C 212 EDC 1 32 ECC 72 298 EEC 73 75 5 390 CAC 4. 1 ... 136 DE C 10 5 586-.-._ O A 11 21 96...._ E C .114 .. _ C A 93 35 516- - C B- A 1 "16" 1 . 29-- B C C . 380.. E E B 2 1 . 76 .. . 42.. EEC E c 1 1 . 63-. 0 D 5 30 . 219.. D D C 6 18 37.. A B+ A 4 .. 2 175... . C A 3 12 81--. . E C 3 3 72... . A B B 4 2 209.._ . B C B 1 5 -. 59... . E E C 2 10 147._. . C C C 1 15._. . E . E 21 14 41 881 A B-- D A 6 3 163 ... 172... . B A+ A 14 , 4 90 ... .375 A-I CCA 4 1 250.-. -DAB 6. 1 250.._ _ D B B 14 4 E _--. 2 1 2 1 3 1 34 9 1200--. EDA 13 5 . 14 2 30 208... B A . 17 8 288... A A .4 1 30 20 117... B . 24 6 25 301... A A .4 1 53 __. A A Total 9 $1,758,293 1143...-12921278 13 1145141 483 575 1010 37 303-.0-- C +- B + "VBuiiding recently destroyed by fire. In DaKalb County 10 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF FULTON COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation Grade M Nu^mJbwerVA"cceVle" raVted,, Number Normal ?/orAcecTceeierrRaaetteeddrde 5 33 2" 78 71.5 62 57 56 53 57 56 57 58 6S fit 21.5 27.5 37 41 42 45 39 42 41 37 30 35 07.-22 08.-44 09.'55 100.-66 U0.-77 102.'88 103.'66 104.8.8 105.7.7 106.6.6 107.44. i? 5 35 762134 22 274 K?2 Jt 35 FULTON COUNTY BY Carlton B. Gibson and Miss Lurline Parker, Jan. 1924. The schools of Fulton County embrace the Atlanta School system, the largest in Georgia, the numerous private and parochial schools, white and colored, the independent systems at College Park and East Point, and the Georgia Military Academy at College Park. The Atlanta City Schools have recently had a thorough survey by Strayer and Englehardt who are experienced and expert in such matters and whose volume of findings was published After that survey the people voted $4,000,000 bonds for buildings enabling the Board of Education and the school officials to go forward in the building of a great school plant and the development of an inspiring school system. The plant is not yet complete but in all the progress that has been made a great far sighted objective has been kept in mind. The City School system has developed within the past few years in a way that should be a source of great pride to all Georgians. It has sought to serve all the people and has had the wise, skilful, consecrated service of school officials and teachers and the guidance of an able and wise Board of Education. Atlanta, the capital of the state, is fortunate in being a great educational center with not only a good public school system for white and colored but with many excellent private and parochial institutions of both preparatory and college grade for both white and colored people. The county schools range from excellent to very poor. It was manifest in the survey that they would be much better if the Atlanta School system were made the school system of the entire county Some excellent buildings have been erected by the County Board of Education and some are not mu-h better than can be found in other counties. The boys and girls of the rural districts of Fulton County deserve equal opportunities with the boys and girls of the city. HOUSTON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates 1920 1910 White 7,455 6,210 Colored 14,508 17,388 Total 21,9,63 23,598 6-18 Years 6,678 7,264 Attending School 5,002 4,495 Over 10 Years 3,410 5,028 16-20 Years 341 1,012 Per Cent 21.0 30.0 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Hliterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 22,95 1923 2,332 Colored 5,621 5,114 Total 7,916 7,446 White Colored 173 178 Total 179 179 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 11 HOUSTON COUNTY (Continued) TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal Land Corporation Polls $1,487,169 $4,479,787 $941,263 RECORD OF HOUSTON COUNTY W. L. Duggan & W. B. Hill, Supervisors, Feb. 1924. $3,565 SCHOOL perry Ft. Valley Byron Hattie Grovania Lake View Union Bonaire Elko Henderson Wellston Hayneville Kathleen Total mo fi S "3 CO 9 $ 9,880 9 25,740 8 4,920 8 3,120 8 2'X 8 1,920 8 1,280 8 1,360 8 1,280 8 1,280 8 1,280 8 630 8 1,280 8+ $55,970 Pao>i & 33 CJT* fc> a] 11 11 11 10 7 12 11 23 22 23 . 7 11 7 5 7. 10 4 3 1 4 10 3 3 ---. 3 9 3 3 -.-. 3 8 2 2 ... 2 9 2 2 ... 2 9 2 2 ... 1 8 2 2 .-. 2 9 2 2 ._- . 2 7 1 1 ... 8 2 2 .._ 54 ,. 64 59 5 58 3 03 * SP t*CD Ss.2 d a3 a a" PQ H 6 397 A C D B 12 5 740 A 252 D B c A A A C 1 142 D 81.. 106-.-. 70..-. Do c o C 0 O C C C O C 49._-. 54--. C c C C D D 61-- D C D 67-- D C D 26-- B B C 72..-. E D C 6 36 2117. --C-C+ C Age-Grade Retardation G^ 7~ n in iv v vi vn vra K x xi Total Total Number Accelerated-- Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation 345 212 242 237 240 191 613663 279 145 l&a IM ^ * 61 66 80 86 110 '% 1 1 * * \ 59 81 68 66 61 61 w 18 31 33 36 4b d 6.9 8.3 9.4 iu.4 11 u-d u-^ HiZ--_ 171 141 111 109 .^..^ V\ 47 0.9 - *\ 62 "75" ^g 0.5 0.3 3 72 25 ^g 0.2 45 ^ 12 9 64 ^ ^g 0.3 -- 2,044 677 3 64 33 ____ REPORT ON HOUSTON COUNTY SURVEY BY M. L. Duggan & W. B. Hill All schools in Houston County are operated for eight months. There is only one one-teacher school left in the county. s^r^:^^ roftsrw-en and * **--- ^^Se'fnri^Sust been voted ^^^fn^^^^^^;;^^ but too many of them are Irving their first term at their present school, indicating too frequent changes The Fort"X school is an exceptionally efficient educational institution as ******** .1 educational measurements made, by the age-grade of its pupils, by tne Professional *%* fac' nitv Pto No school in which we have made educational measurements has shown better results. Y' Only oneSite child over ten is reported as illiterate in the county, which is remarkable, if correct. 12 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS FAYETTE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 18-20 Per Cent Years School Years Years 1920 7,243 4,153 11,396 3,702 2,578 1,018 1910 7,151 3,815 10,966 3,325 2,074 1,438 84 12.5 159 18.8 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 2,220 1,352 3,572 31 1923 2,221 1,236 3,457 26 94 50 125 76 Personal TAXABLE VALUE 1923. I Land Corporation Polls $322,282 SCHOOL Fayetteville Brooks Bethany... Tyrone Aberdeen Glen Grove Hopeful Kenwood Oak Grove Rest Sandy Creek Union Grove Woolsey Ebenezer Ellison Little Flock Mt. Spring Robinson RockyMt The Lake The Rock Wynona Total $1,354,513 $336,678 RECORD OF FAYETTE COUNTY BY L. M. Lester & Sarah M. Duggan, Feb. 1924. $1,650 9 8 8 8 5 7 5 8 6 6 "" 5 6 7 6 6 6 5 5 6 5 6 6 "3 CO $8,925 3,880 1,520 1,640 600 945 675 1,000 870 870 650 750 962 510 330 330 450 275 330 250 390 420 6+ $26,572 Cu O aCO CD 0 0 m > CO a >,CD CD CO W) fs.2 S3 O dW do 5 CO f-l |Z! w +3 +J a CD CD u CO 0O 5" 1 CD < SJ fin 3 3 11 11 2 11 2 2 11 2 2 1 .. 1 .. 1 1 1 .. 1 1 1 1 7 10 388 A D A A 45 213 C B D D 15 73 ODD 35 113 E E E E 2 68 C D D D 11 55 .... C D E 2 84.... E D E 2 10 3 59 ODD 73 D E D C 2 54 C E D C 11 89 E DD 22 66 E E D E 1 15 48 C D E E 1 41 E E D E 1 36 EEE 13 38 E DC 1 35 EEE 1 1 1 34 C E E E 1 36 EEE 1 31.... E D E 1 39 E DE 1 34.... C D D 54 50 34 16 39 11 34 50 15 1707 D D D GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 13 FAYETTE COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation Qrade T n m iv V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age . Med. Retardation 323 216 236 253 194 160 127 25 11 8 5 * J- * 218 114 107 99 57 60 36 80 91 121 149 134 99 89 856t 67 53 45 d9 * 25 42 52 59 by 7.2 8.7 lu.i 11. 0-2 0-7 i.i i^ i^--i^J 83 re * * jj 27 36 18 u 50 ^5 u 33 go 4 5g 4o ^g p.8 48 67 ^ 33 ifl g ^ 0.8 0.5 -- ^Tier- 784 ^ 56 5Q .-- REPORT ON FAYETTE COUNTY SURVEY BY L. M. Lester and Miss Sarah Mell Duggan. The following items relative to the schools of Fayette County are worthy of note: 1 The county system of schools operate as a unit. 2 The Board of Education is composed of progressive and alert business men and farmers who are not afraid to initiate movements for the good of the county vnvpttevllle 3. Two excellent instances of consolidation are found at Fayetteville and Brooks. Fayetteville 4. TZTorT^TloZfottms county is far above the average. TMVTMt*TMTM~ experience- all have, at least, high school education: sixty per cent have had as much as one "a of normal work: forty-eight are normal graduates; a large number take summer schoo work each year. A salary schedule based on certificate, training, and experience may be given credit for this situation. 5. 6. A circulating library is being installed in the school system. ,,Q,7ot1.avillB Provision is made for every child of high school grade to reach the FayetteV1ue B BrrTMoo*kss or or Tyrone High Schools. This is done by truck, in some cases, and in all others by the payment S a Per dfem of xS cents lm transportation. The Fayetteville High School is accredited m the first class. The other two lack in building and equipment. POriqolidation It is recommended that the Board of Education continue to pursue its policy of consolidation. Bonds should be issued and new buildings constructed. >,, ,,,,^r,atntw furnished bv The term is too short. The local districts should increase the term by adding to that furnished by the county. . .. . , The financial situation is the greatest obstacle to progress in this county. BERRIEN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Per Cent Years 1920 1910 11,559 16,496 4,005 6,263 15,564 22,759 4,994 6,833 3,607 4,057 1,807 2,734 205 16.2 297 17.5 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. White 1918 5,522 1923 3,726 Colored 2,023 842 Total 7,545 4,568 Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 55 Colored 97 Total 152 14 Personal $1,075,075 SCHOOL *Nashville Ray City Alapaha Enigma.., Union. John Brown... Jourdon. McMillan Minerva . Tygart Avera Mill Deep Ditch Duggan Plat Creek Glory Green Head Griner Indian Camp.. Livingston Lois... Mobley Parrish Reedy Branch. RockHill Vickers White Pond Bannockburn.. Barrimon Bragdon Douglas Gaskins Harper Indian Ford... Live Oak Mathis Pine Grove Pleasant Vale.. Sapling Grove- Shady Grove... Total GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS BEEEIEN COUNTY (Continued) TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation $2,888,582 $556,374 RECORD OF BERRIEN COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor. Polls $1,630 am> a as 3 CO $9,810 4,695 6 3,375 7 2,135 6 1,450 5 700 6 700 5 575 5 700 5 1,080 5 600 5 500 5 390 5 510 5 500 5 500 5 500 5 400 6 560 5 540 5 480 5 510 6 600 5 400 5 500 5 400 5 200 5 200 5 375 6 240 6 240 6 300 5 270 5 240 5 300 5 300 5 300 5 200 5 270 $36,545 ft! P as CO 12 11 12 9 3 8 6 9 8 8 ... 7 4 9 4 4 ... 4 4 9 4 4 ... 4 484 1 373 1 3 7 3 .. 1 3 73 363 T 383 2 272 2. 272 1 272 1 272 2 72 372 272 1 2 7 2 ... 2 1 2 7 2 1 1 2. 2 7 2 1 1 2 .. 2 721 1 26211 2 7 2 ... 2 2 72 1 1 272 1 1 27211 17 ... 1 16 ... 1 17 1 17 ... 1 16 ... 1 17 1 17 ... 1 15 1 17 ... 1 -- 1 27 1 1 20 1 1 15 16 ... 1 ... 1 1 .... ... 1 93 92 56 36 51 41 d >> as a>d> ao w cl J to 4 44 6 8 4 4 ... 4833 1722 2 72 1 282 1 2 7 2 2. 1721 172 272 272 272 1 72 27 7 7 7 5 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 7 7 6 7 1 .. 7 1 .. 5 7 i '.. l _. 7 l .. l .. 7 l .. l _ 7 l ._ l .. 7 l _. l _. 7 l .. 49 49 37 12 27 22 34 do 55 175 A E 166 A E 123 A E 56 E 62 E 55 E 58 E 52 B E 63... _ E 82___ . E 75. __ . E 62... D 54 B E 34. _. E 32_._ E 37___ E 18... E 25... E 19... C 21. ..__ C 22. _.. . E 10. ___. D 32___.. E 37__ .. E 30__ .. E 30.. _- E 35. _ .. E 38_ .. E 38- _. E 24 _ .. E 57. .. E a a a is nW DD BC CC DE DE EE DD DE DE DD DC D C DD DD CD DE DC EE EE DE EE EB CC DE CE DD DE E D C 1622A--E+ D D- GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS BRANTLEY COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal - %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation II III IV - 491 15 10'* J* TM 161 4 58 99 2 35 63 230 "241 7 11 71 71 152 159 3 4 31 29 66 67 206 3 40 163 1 19 80 ' 7.4 0.4 9.5 10.6 11.7 13 1.5 1.6 1.7 2 VI 135 2 22 111 2 16 82 14 2 VII VIII 143 4 .. 22 117 3_ 15 82 15.6 2.6 3 28 9 91 16.9 2.9 Total 1,638 46 606 986 3 36 61 REPORT ON BRANTLEY COUNTY BY - ' ^%$z%%&. "- r, : a county actively in January 1921 E. A. Pound. <--K It was created in 1920 and bepciamce and Charlton, and took over many but many new ones result of such a birth it has not only the school problems of the average counts, incidr ent tIoS ,iittesS oyfoS tuhtehisea.nT odbsbt* iarcthl^e.s th-e c-uounnttyy iiss sguomings ;fo"r"w"a;r-d,Je~d"~u7^~ionJ^^t The tYoe ouidnislhataecrkaltlhyalitgohntecde served as a, building of school which building at Nahunta has any community might be ^ proud.^ With ^ the ex= ception ofJ the* neM w building ^ ^^ i The negro lllt'o irls.ry tin, count, win see a new and better day ednc.t.onally. Recommendations: 1. More consolidations-eight good ones for the> ooimt^ an eighth 2. There is not a single four-year high *f^TMTM*^ it is recommended that the schools opportunity with the children of other counties. 3. Longer terms--the term is now six months only. 4. Better trained teachers^ ^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^ adoption Qf proper sanitary regu- 5. More attention to the lations and the installation of sanitary toilets. ThP better eauipment of the majority of the schools. 6. 7. S6e SEES of a better educational senile*, throughou^: the caun^ nt SpSe^e^ = ^wonderful opportunity which the county has, and hopes to improve the schools along the lines mentioned above. ^^^^ 18 GEOBGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS WARE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates 1920 1910 White 16,043 14,041 Colored 12,313 8,914 Total 28,356 22,955 6-18 Years 7,099 5,965 Attending School 5,383 3,378 Over 10 Years 2,234 2,863 16-20 Years 150 646 Per Cent 10.2 15.0 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No, Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 4,192 1923 5,154 Personal Colored Total White 2,013 2,278 6,205 7,432 31 32 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 7 47 Total 38 79 Polls $3,562,003 $5,216,620 $2,730,243 Age-Grade Retardation $2,436 Grade II III IV VI VII VIII IX X XI Total.. _ Number Accelerated.". Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated ---- %Normal """ %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation::;;::;;;;:: ' 722~ 8 474 239 ^ 66 33 73 oZ 435 12 265 158 3 61 36 0;1 410 34 217 159 8 53 39 o'l 503 28 224 251 5 45 50 woi 380 20 72 188 5 45 50 noi 348 24 171 153 7 49 44 120-1.7 244 6 111 127 3 46 51 **1.-1 206 12 98 96 6 48 46 li0-.99 99 4 67 28 4 68 28 Ig0-.33 6 54 38 6 55 39 50-.85 47 1 39 7 2 83 15 0.2 RECORD OP WARE COUNTY BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor, January 1924. Total 3,491 155 1,892 1,444 4 54 42 SCHOOL *fWaycross High "Isabella *Newton Ave *Quarterman *GUchrist Wacona Waresboro BickleyCons Dixie-Union Emerson Park Manor Millwood Coleman Hopkins Inman Mt. Green-Sycamore Woodward-Godwin 9 9 9 "9 9 9 6 6 6 "7 7 6 6 8 6 6 6 -3 CO $16,495 9,375 6,275 5*690 3>465 7,735 3,630 1,560 1,200 l'680 1^380 1,350 820 1,240 690 975 975 +3 A tai n 00 3 a> a 0 rt0 m <3 a> T) H 8 B a + d >& OS 0 0 3 Jz; & A3 *% 3 u 0 >, a >>a> J4 03 at CX 03 JLH+J dW oD fc f-4 !H5 a a isMr) a o, 3 m aH 15 12 8 8 3 11 11 8 10 47 4 3 3 3 2 2 1 2 2 16 11 12 12 87 76 44 12 12 4 4 _. 422 33 33 33 22 22 2 ., ... 2 22 22 13 11 7 6 4. 12 . 7 4. 4. 2 3 .. 2 2 .. 2 .. 2 .. 2 .. .. 97 489. ... B C A 560 A B B A 407. ... B B A 369 B C B A 115. ... D C B 4 426 B E A A 7 400. AB 4 131. . E B B 2 185. BB 2 85. . D A B 2 116. . D C B 2 119. _ E C B 2 64. AC 69. . D D D 66. ... E A D 60. ... E A O 55 ... E A B GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 19 WARE COUNTY (Continued' Beach Braganza Camp Branch Cason Crews Davis Edenfield EllwoodPark Ft. Mudge Griffin Jordan Melton Mixon Olive Pittman Riverside Ruskin Strickland Suwanee Tatum Thrift fPiedmont Inst Total 6 $ 390 6 360 6 360 6 212 6 300 6 310 6 300 6 360 6 212 6 300 6 240 6 240 6 240 6 360 6 220 6 390 6 240 6 300 6 240 6 360 9 4,727 6+ $75,286 7 7 7 6 6 7 1 7 11 7 1 1 5 11 7 1 ... 1 7 11 6 11 7 11 7 1 .... 7 1 ___. 7 7 5 5 118 ....120 94 26 100 20 57 46.. 42__ 5124.. 16_' 28.. 16-. 13-. 17_. 25_. 24_. 30.. 13_. 19. 17_. 41,. 25. 33_ 2314. 175. DE D EED DD CED EED E DD C DB CDD E AD DE D E DD ED EED E AD EED EED DDD E DD E DD EED BB 4408.... D--O-- O-- REPORT ON SURVEY OF WARE COUNTY BY E. A. Pound. To one who was familiar with school conditions in Ware County twenty years ago the school con- ditions as they exist today are more than gratifying. At that time the rural school buildings were un- worthy the name. Today the old time shacks which once served as school buildings have been supplant- Id in many places by well constructed modern buildings, which are worthy of the pride of any county or of any people. Many schools have been consolidated and today Ware County will rank in number of schools consolidated and in new buildings erected with the first m the state. schools am ^ ^ admlnistration bonds were issued to the amount of $700,000.00, seventy thousand of which was devoted to the erection of new schools. This amount was found inadequate to the purpose and so many districts like Wacona, Emerson Park, and Waresboro, voted additional local bond issues in "de to meet the regulations required. As a result Ware County today boasts of school ^f^TM* to none at Emerson Park, Wacona, Dixie-Union, Waresboro, Bickley, Woodward-Godwin, Mt. Green-Syca- more Coleman, Pittman, Inman, Manor, Millwood, and Hopkins. Several of these schools represent con- solidations of smaller schools and represent an increased interest on the part of the people m the matter of the education of their children. fnTW!..ri Progress has been made but inequalities still exist. While these schools represent a great forward step on the part of the people they have not as yet secured an equality of educational Wrtunrty for the children of the county. The average term in Ware County is only six months. As long as this con mtiotSsts the cities giving nine months and the rural districts only six, equality of educational opportunity cannotE ft wfcona there is a modern building with twelve teachers P*^*"TM. high school course, and yet it is and always will be impossible to coordinate its work with the rural schools which are giving only a six months' term. The county has bought several trucks and is transporting scores of children In the county there are 31 white schools and 11 schools for colored children. Only two of the, latter schools are owned by the County Board, nine of the buildings being Negro churches, and virtually all of these being unfitted for school purposes. Waycross has recently issued bonds for the erection of a modern high school-its greates: need in this bond issue the colored people will also participate. Waycross has a good schc,ol sysJem ^der the superintendency of a most able superintendent. However, he needs more teachers than he has to cope wXthe situation. For several years the schools have been crowded with pupils and the teachers have Teen carrying too great a teacher load. It is hoped that with the erection of the new buildings to be secured from the bond issue that this condition will be remedied. 20 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS TATNALL COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years School Years Years 1920 10,952 6,230 17,182 4,819 3,627 1,044 1910 12,727 5,450 IS,177 6,036 3,904 1,835 134 10.5 493 14.6 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 3,797 1923 4,016 Personal Colored Total White 1,302 1,361 5,099 7 5,377 19 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 31 51 Total 38 70 Polls $1,017,544 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation $2,991,772 * 278,P30 m I II IV VI vn vm IX 815 426 439 456 302 303 292 188 110 35 21 16 19 23 6 18 8 5 528 210 185 164 110 108 95 71 49 253 195 238 273 169 189 179 109 56 4 5 4 4 8 2 6 4 5 65 49 42 36 36 36 33 38 45 31 46 52 60 56 62 61 38 50 7.1 8.9 10.2 11.5 12.2 13.5 14.5 15.4 16.0 .. o.l 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.0 $2,176 XI Total 66 8 35 23 12 53 35 16.5 0.5 28 4 15 9 14 54 32 17.5 0.5 3,425 163 1,570 1,692 5 46 49 RECORD OF TATTNALL COUNTY BY I. S. Smith and M. L. Duggan, Supervisors, February 1924. SCHOOL Reidsville GlennviUe Cobbtown Collins Mendes Cedar Haw Manassas Yeomans Beard's Creek Cedar Creek Jennie .. Longview Matlock Bethesda Ella Grove Eunice Fair Haven- 0o tor>t H 0 t^fl B CO P si 12 11 10 10 9 14 11 11 11 11 8 11 10 8 8 7 11 8 7 5 4854 3 4 10 4 4 4 4 10 4 4 3 4943 UO 3733 1 3932 3 2722 1 393 1 1 3831 1 282p 2 2822 2 2721 2 272 2 a a>)> tf a 3s a as 22 go a3 1 mW 5 8 326 C A+ A 1 5 410 CAB 4 __ 339 DAB 4 1 375 DAB 3 __ 200 EDC 3 .. 109, . D A C 4 ._ 106_ _ D A B 4 1 173, . E D C 3 1 86_ D D c 1 .. 105^ E D c 1 _- 77_ E D D 2 3 113. E D D 3 __ 105. D D D 2 .. 73. E D D -. 63. D D D -. 86- E D D 66- D D D GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 21 TATNALL COUNTY (Continued) Hughland Mile Hill Stony Hill Tyson Appleton Battle Creek Boggs Mill Buck Branch Cherry Grove Dinner Branch Oak Grove Rehobeth Strickland Union Unity 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 l 1 ?. 59. E C C 650 2 7 2 2 28 92- D D D 675 2 6 2 2 1 47 _ D D D 600 2 7 2 1 1 o 6 1 57 _ D D D 300 325 325 350 300 2 7 1_ 1 7 1. 171 1 6 1. 171 i. 1 1 1 39- .. E D D l1 3 1 31- D D D 1 12 30_ E D D i1 49- D D D 1 13 48- .. E D D 250 1 6 1. l1 1 25- _ D D D 600 1 7 1. l1 11 250 1 6 1 111 325 1 7 1 1 275 1 7 1_ l1 1 300 1 7 1 33_ -_ D D E 34- _ D D D 27- E D E 55 _ , E D D 32- E D D Total 5+ J47.555 99 97 77 20 74 23 56 73 19 3470-._ D-- D+D+ REPORT ON TATTNALL COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan. Having made a svirvey on Tattnall County nine years ago, (Bulletin No. 11), the writer has had the opportunity to observe the progress of the public school system as compared with that date. As matters of outstanding significance we call attention to: (1) The carefully planned constructive and continuing policies of a former administration as to consolidations, buildings, etc., have been consistently and closely followed, as shown in the successful consolidations at several places in the county and by the ample and modern school houses and equipments provided by him and his successor (the present superintendent). Some of these will equal any to be found anywhere in the state. (2) It is noticeable that no school in this county allows over seven grades with less than two or more teachers, while half of the schools with six or seven grades require two or more teachers, and the nine and ten grade schools have three and four teachers. There are four schools in the county offering eleven grades, with from seven to fourteen teachers each. (3) The Age-Grade tables show that the school system has functioned fairly well in respect to reaching the children in the past years. (4) More than half of the teachers are serving their present schools for the first year, indicating too frequent changes for the best interests of the cause. (5) A reduction of the length of the school year to five months indicates a very serious situation which will demand wise business administration. About ten per cent of the number of public schools of the county provide for more than five months school year. Children can not be expected to make their grades in a five months school year. . TWIGGS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 1910 3,754 3,340 6,653 7,396 10,407 10,736 3,322 3,491 1,167 2,259 1,933 2,206 209 26.1 461 29.2 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 964 1923 1,138 ,092 3,056 ,508 3,646 6 9 18 19 22 Personal GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS TWIGGS COUNTY (Continued) TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Polls $443,729 $1,203,083 $641,174 RECORD OF TWIGGS COUNTY BY M. L. Dug-pan and W. B. Hill, Supervisors, January 1924. $1,879 SCHOOL Twiggs High. Smith Cannon Cookby Everett Fitzpatrick.. Moon Prospect Williams Adam's Park. Bondray Crosby Glenland Oakdale Tarversville.. West Lake c3 CO 9 $ 5,715 11 1,305 10 9 735 7 735 7 1,575 9 805 7 805 7 735 7 735 7 675 7 455 8 455 7 455 6 455 455 385 +3 Pi 2 .. 1 1 2 __ 2 .. 2 __ 1 1 1 _. 1 .. 1 __ 1 __ 1 .-. 1 __ + 7 .. 2 _. 2 _. 2 _. 2 .. 2 _. 2 .. d ti 03 03 M s^ 15 CO C)D go m 4 226 B C A B 2 108 C C B 38 C D C 68 D C O 56. B C C 38. C D D 64 _ ._ E D E 49. ._ E E E 42 _ _ E D D 26. . B E E 19.... D D D 24 E D D 17 D D D 22 D D D 18 E D D 7 BD Total.. Grade Total Number Accelerated.. Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation 7* $16,4^0 33 30 25 5 26 4 17 Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII 178 104 46 128 57 46 41 26 72 55 26 39 7.3 8.7 0.3 0.7 95 107 42 44 49 47 56 42 46 46 50 52 9.9 11.1 0.9 1.1 96 0 37 54 5 39 56 12. 3 13 62 2 23 37 3 37 60 13. 6 18 47 4 20 23 9 42 49 13. 9 09 36 2 11 23 6 31 63 15 4 14 822.. ..O-- D+D+ IX 13 3 7 3 23 54 23 14.9 X XI 15 1 11 3 7 73 20 15.9 7 1 5 1 14 72 14 17.4 0.4 Total 760 34 392 334 4 52 44 REPORT ON TWIGGS COUNTY SURVEY By M. L. Duggan and W. B. Hill There is only one school in Twiggs County with more than two teachers, and this is the county senior high school at the county seat with seven teachers. There is one other school offering ten grades with only two teachers and an enrollment of 108 pupils. All others are one and two-teacher schools with six to nine grades. The county high school at Jeffersonville is housed in a modern and approved building, and represents a consolidation of several small schools. This school serves the county well. None of the other buildings measure up to satisfactory conditions. The teachers of the county schools are much more satisfactory than the school houses. Twentyfive of the thirty teachers hold First Grade or Professional certificates, and twenty-six of them have had more than two years experience. However, more than half of them are serving for the first year at their present school which indicates too frequent changes for the best interests of the cause. The last school census shows a considerable increase in both white and negro children in the county. Six of the sixteen schools are operated for nine months, while the others run six and seven months each. Only about seventy-two per cent of the white children of the county are enrolled in the schools. However, according to the last school census only one white child over ten years of age is reported as illiterate, which is remarkable, if correct. Further consolidations of schools properly supported by public sentiment would be in the interest of the cause. Population White 1920 6.409 1910 6,854 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS UNION COUNTY. . UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates Colored 46 64 Total 6,455 6,918 6-18 Years 1,972 2,163 Attending School 1,271 1,505 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. Over 10 Years 555 721 16-20 Years 35 58 23 Per Cent 12.1 15 No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,994 1923 2,126 Personal $259,452 Colored Total White 16 2,010 46 26 2,152 27 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation $688,281 $2,027 RECORD OF UNION COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor, March 1924. Colored 2 Total 46 29 Polls $1,450 a SCHOOL Blairsville Coll. Institute Blairsville Public Center Choestoe Consolidated Coosa Ebenezer. IvyLog Liberty Glades Pleasant Grove Young Cane Antioch Bell Bethlehem Bruce Confidence 9 5 5 5 5 5 5 -5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 CO $3,000 E50 475 550 400 425 550 550 550 475 550 475 275 200 200 275 275 P 33 5 8-11 3 572 272 272 272 262 37,, 272 17 2 272 i1i 272 171 171 17 1 161 16 1 a V CD O 3 2 i, 1 2 "l\. 1 .. 1 _. 1 _. 1 .1 .. 6+ $ 9,495 16 30 7 13 12 8 10 Age-Grade Retardation B 199 E C B 38 E E D 43-- D C 37--- D C O 20.__ E C 0 12 E D C 28 E c c 39---- E D O 51 E D D 36---- D C C 26 E C D 16.__- E D C 545 E E+C--D+ Grade I H "I IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded 150 56 72 69 48 62 50 22 4 2 5 1 ------ 1 -- ?9 24 32 30 26 25 16 9 57 32 38 34 21 37 33 13 2 14 W~ --.- * ""a" 178 162 555 14 267 274 2 ^Normal*^ ^RetMded 59 "S" 44 43 54 "46" 32 "40""" 50 Tso" 39 57 54 50 44 60 66 60 50 43 20 48 50 MemanAse 7.6 9.2 10.1 10.9 11.8 13.4 14.8 15.2 15.0 16.6 16.0 MeSetarWr;::::::::.--.-- o.e 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.4 1.8 i.8...... o.e,,... m 28 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS LONG COUNTY BY I. S. Smith. There is a splendid consolidation at Ludowici, but most of the schools show signs of much need for constructive supervision. I make the following recommendations: 1. That the superintendent do more constructive supervision, especially among the rural schools. 2. That there be better buildings and equipment procured for a larger percent of the schools. 3. That if the finances can possibly be provided a longer term be given. 4. That a larger percent of the teachers be urged to attend summer schools. Population TIFT COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years School Years Years 1920 1910 10,201 7,708 4,290 3,777 14,491 11,485 4,441 3,222 3,624 2,184 1,328 1,421 103 12.8 130 17 6 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 3,137 1923 3.489 Personal $1,380,921 Colored Total White 1,147 4,284 18 1,403 4,892 25 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation $3,173,750 SI,064,049 Age-Grade Retardation Colored 76 74 Total 94 99 Polls if 2.546 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation .. II III IV VI VII VIII IX X XI 671 366 392 14 8 7 452 1S9 152 805 169 233 2 2 1 67 51 38 31 47 61 7.1 8.8 10.4 345 3 143 199 1 41 58 11.4 295 5 111 179 2 38 60 12.4 240 6 94 140 2 39 59 13.5 232 2 67 163 1 29 70 14.6 172 3 72 97 2 42 56 15.2 143 7 62 74 5 43 52 16.5 137 7 53 77 5 38 57 17.2 86 4 41 41 4 48 48 17 9 0.6 0.8 1-4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.5 1.2 0.9 Total 3,079 66 1,436 1,577 2 46 52 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 29 RECORD OF TIFT COUNTY BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor, February 20, 1924. d SCHOOL *fTifton High * rift on Grammar Chula Consolidated Omega Ty Ty Consolidated Brookfield Eldorado Emanuel Harding Con OldTy Ty Vanceville Ansley Camp Creek Excelsior Fletcher Oak Ridge Pine View Red Oak Salem Eiiyah Midway 2ndDist. A. &M Total 9 $14,975 9 11,250 8 5,840 8 4,360 8 3,880 64 1,755 7| 1,816 6| 1,330 65 6| 1,444 1,251 65 1,330 6; 812 6? 6s "845 6, 802 65 877 64 390 65 770 64 775 6J 455 62 500 9 1,3,789 7+ $69,246 6 ^ + 12 6 12 12 .. 12 ... 15 5 13 13 . 13 8 10 9 8 14 5 10 24 3 10 1 34 49 38 37 39 37 39 28 28 27 262 2 8 2 2. 1 8 1_ 2821 2 7 2 .. 1711 27 1 1 9 8-11 9 ... >>CD 03 03 M iS.2 03 03^ en 22 2320 n 7 6 16 31^ DB A 7 460 C-- B B B+ 5 1 3 384 C-- E A B 6 7 272C-- E A B 5 2 5 239C-- D E C 3 3 1 2 2 3 2 2 3 1 133-... r> 91 C-- E 142 E 1 181. - E _ ll6 E E C C D D C c c c c 3 .. 143 --- E D D 1 2 51D+ E D C 1 99 E C C 2 3 -- . 80 D+ E C C 2 3 -- .. 39---- E C C 2 ._ 74.. DC 1 I 36-- D+ D 2 __ 48.. DD 2 1 56.. DC .. 25-. 0D __ 18.. DD .. 162.- AA 94 93 66 18 66 27 62 44 3O 3111C-- E+ C-- C TIFT COUNTY BY J. O. Martin. Chula and Omega are new one story brick unit-type buildings, beautiful in structure and hygienic in design The other buildings with the exception of a one-room addition at Eldorado are improperly and insufficiently lighted. The class rooms were built out of proportion which makes proper seating and hj2^gf^m1Ws-there has been much care given to the class rooms and equipment of this county. Every room is painted and has an abundance of equipment, such as libraries, dictionaries, standard pictures, hvloplate black-board, single patent desks, globes, maps, water coolers etc. These TMPTM~ts were made for the most part, several years ago, and since that time the property has been well preserved. The teachers and the superintendent take pride in making school rooms attractive and habitable Of the 19 white schools, 10 are attempting to do high school work. The county should establish four or five Junior High Schools, and limit the work in the remaining schools to three, five and seven grades This will neccessitate more consolidation and school house building which is needed Tifton is an independent system. In its course of study every boy is required to take Latin and Mathematics in order to graduate. There is no alternative. The girls are given Home Economics. The high school is well equipped, but is lacking in seating capacity. It is urged that Tifton come into the county system, levy a county-wide tax of ten mills, build and equip six or seven modern county buildings; consolidate where possible, and lengthen the county term. Not until this is done will the whole system function more normally. The results of the three good consolidations already made are noticeable. 30 SCHOOL *HawkinsviHe PulaskiHigh PulasM Jr. High Midway Blue Springs Browndale Central High... Finleyson TotaL. Grade Total Number accelerated.. Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF PTJLASKI COUNTY BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor, Feb. 1924. 03 CO 9 $18,500 7 3,500 7 1,120 7 3,150 7 1,925 7 1,560 7 1,710 7 960 7+ $32,425 -M .) 3 a H to 03 o W Ti d 5) o 18 11 10 7 10 8 9 8 a 0) Hi H + o +3 03 HI" |D +J CO 03 15 15 5 2 5 3 3 3 2 15 1 a >5 a 03 03 M A O 5 52.. c B D 2 100.. E B C 1 87 B E A O 60 D B O 108 D A D I 40 D D 46 .... 39 38 1 31 8 18 18 34 1043A--D A--C-- Age-Grade Retardation 206 6 144 56 3 70 27 7.0 II 108 1 67 40 1 62 37 8.6 .6 III IV VI VII VIII IX XI Total 114 135 100 105 103 74 23 262 54 84 ""46" 51 41 35 58 48 56 52 56 37 22 283 47 62 ""46" 48 39 47 51 36 54 50 55 50 10.0 10.6 12.1 12.9 14.2 14 1.0 .6 1.1 .9 1.2 .... 54 38 17 1054 22 22 27 14 585 32 11 3 447 2 40 71 82 55 60 29 18 43 16.3 16.6 17.4. 1.3 .6 .4. FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF THE SCHOOL SYSTEMS OF GEORGIA FOR THE YEAR ENDING DEC. 31, 1923: RECEIPTS P Appling Baxley Atkinson Pearson Willacoochee. Bacon Alma Baker Elmodel Newton Baldwin ... Eddy Milledgeville. Banks Barrow Winder _ Bartow Adairsville... Cartersville__ Ben Hill Ashton Cotton Mill.. Dorminy Fitzgerald... Lynwood Roanoke Westwood Berrien Alapaha Enigma Nashville Ray City Tygart Bibb Bleckley Cochran Brantley Brooks Barwick Quitman dTM oo Xo i C3 rH A- CD o d & % 9 $ 2 ? 03 o3 u m o 10,382.65 ~~7~84l~66 5.64 1.627.61 830.69 1,434.22 291.14 159.61 362.71 1,412.27 2,474.12 .65 .64 25.23 282.17 46.13 5,748.81 6,789.81 17,750.89 6,609.72 7,219.92 19,039.25 9,612.79 68.00 69.21 474.95 200.00 8.23 240.08 ,011.31 3,151.02 152.47 779.87 823.34 17,000.00 345,095.64 8,635.49 13,000.00 25,756.57 d S 03 . _. 01 8 OCD 3,933.17 3,960.00 1,055.25 769.66 2,000.00 1,250.00 5,334.82 3,071.55 15,314.71 3,848.87 4,650.00 26,169.00 1.875.72 520.32 581.78 29 854.77 2 173.22 765.69 38.02 2,835.39 502.72 6,914.55 1,350.00 173.92 7,181.98 9,955.56 3,346.13 26,835.78 1,768.00 1,280.00 745.49 1,500.00 541.00 495.90 6,550.27 693.90 3,019.98 850.00 2,784.52 4,081.75 44.00 33.74 2,054.72 265.00 217.50 15.00 822.50 50.0C 6,168.40 3,026.00 4,693.70 ao 0ao3 Q 2,675.00 1,500.00 811.35 Tl66~66 111.95 2,500.00 68.00 785.38 525.00 ~"85~66 d mo> o& , "fQ o d O B0 . CD fi 01 14,444.80 1,530.00 17,235.60 1,426.87 1,126.95 10,042.64 1,558.00 12,368.00 1,000.00 22,348.08 20,282.84 19,973.04 4,100.00 27,064.00 82-3.50 5,163.04 12,583." O 60.00 3,659.60 15,506.42 422.20 2,400.00 8,500.00 1,500.00 11,000.00 5,819.73 600.00 12,302.00 3,412.82 7,590.56 248.82 715.24 7,112.84 60.62 1,630.75 8,964.56 500.00 17,963.28 3,562.00 91,407.03 13,601.25 2,518.08 9,140.24 38,180.00 325.00 ~5l4~91 80,955.25 2,201.90 1,272.61 24,050.00 1,000.CO '3 "o3 o H 33,263.62 11,934.60 40,583.68 2,904.32 5,853.45 24,297.09 7,658.00 31,785.42 6,650.42 1,141.00 53,'25.19 2,148.99 17,957.52 38,679.28 28 854.05 23,149.93 61,174.46 8,322.29 37,045.11 22,201.59 1,920.36 520.32 640.75 41,656.22 2,219.35 765.69 38.02 36,078.28 3,120.89 586.93 12.289.41 1,600.00 182.15 460,471.79 25,449.95 13,998.67 25,292.36 98,095.00 5,126.00 32,352.82 oo Bryan Bulloch . Statesboro. Burke Butts Jackson Calhoun Camden St. Marys,. Campbell Fairburn... ... Palmetto .. Union Gity Candler . Metter Carroll Carrollton Catoosa. ._ . Charlton Chatham Chattahoochee Chattooga Menlo Trion . Cherokee Ball Ground., Canton.. .... Holly Springs New Bethel. Payne... Woodstock.. Clarke Athens . Clay Bluffton.. Fort Gaines Clayton Bethel. Ellenwood . Fairview Flat Rock Forest Park Hebron Howards ___ . . . _ . . __ .. . __ ._ ._ . .. Pftf r-l A- CD CCJ Seg rtst a^ PQ 9,672.60 395.48 6,657.90 23.50 1,507.72 3,777.22 1,785.05 203.01 3,136.08 696.15 511.91 106.26 1,510.11 85.55 3,448.00 2,600.00 1,059.15 7,552.15 2,560.00 48.07 4,834.70 29.35 854.17 50.00 44.00 316.17 521.49 305.75 141.00 26.53 258.72 60.33 34.89 57.46 139.18 678.62 a00 CO CD rO-l >> b co 0 12,543.20 26,097.75 37,467.34 11,011.53 16,720.25 10,297.33 10^358 ".65 10,087.36 25,261.37 10,213.00 13,966.36 328,544.90 2,000.55 16,629.44 12,054.48 19,957.69 7,064.18 8,660.28 0 '2 . OCO +^ CO w P, p 6,000.00 17,900.00 7,384.93 3,547.45 1,514.73 1,870.45 2,107.83 4,000.00 3,108.15 10,866.25 5,150.00 8,169.58 21,238.23 3,976.00 5,700.00 2,985.00 2,263.86 13,666.00 181.00 180.00 1,700.00 111,000.00 807.50 3,000.00 86.59 167.84 156.06 526.30 929.20 249.14 202.26 a CO . . TA So a* 350.00 5,629.11 3,012.80 1,735.00 120.00 523.55 379.50 70.25 2,329.00 837.41 7,325.70 5,876.88 200.00 33,296.01 350.00 379.58 598.38 3,327.50 85.00 455.60 1,469.92 1,785.50 677.00 1,336.50 118.74 aen 0 +3 aCO 0 0 1,185.68 437.79 550.00 139.85 202.85 2,567.35 300.00 11,203.75 929.50 5.94 Other Sources, including Bonds, Loans, etc. 3C3O fi CD +^ C3 CO 11,843.76 46,114.20 3,053.30 48,834.16 25,083.76 17,755.19 10,471.44 1,302.95 13,149.30 1,140.66 14,550.00 53 015.60 9,638.00 6,300.00 90,000.00 8,515.60 23,711.67 1,586.66 28,133.20 13,566.48 19,305.80 11,056.08 2,400.00 17,986.92 2,422.20 2,500.00 82,783.77 748.47 1,750.00 2,154.45 2,014.00 212.00 2,126.48 3,805.26 1,156.51 3,668.22 4.00 7,000.00 47.25 953.00 392,679.04 278.04 567.50 874.21 509.45 1,300.00 1,087.64 1,232.50 390.00 8,685.25 10,552.65 1,342.22 426.31 a O CD "3 0 H 24,386.96 90,656.35 30,663.57 175,743.17 36,867.24 13,661.45 46,127.35 26,082.55 3,708.41 28,770.51 7,882.79 7,328.43 3,284.66 43,413.79 6,076.96 103,339.60 26,831.97 28,728.00 28.566.36 845,579.04 18,346.34 43,468.61 5,843.94 11,583.33 45,531.83 4,191.59 18,935.31 266.00 230.00 44.00 3,684.27 36,635.08 141,082.30 28,672.91 4,025.50 5,705.25 27,332.23 86.59 234.11 190.95 583.76 1,187.12 927.76 202.26 Jonesboro Lovejoy _ Morrow Mt. Zion Mountain View Noah's Ark Philadelphia Pine Grove Pleasant Grove. Riverdale _ Rex Tanners Clinch. Cobb _ Acworth 1 Austell Marietta Roswell Coffee Broxton Douglas Klcholls C olquitt Doerun _. _ Moultrie C olumbia _ Cook Adel ___ Sparks Coweta Newnan. Senoia Crawford Crisp Cordele Dade 1214 School District 1222 School District 1038 School District 1037 School District 960 School District Dawson Decatur Alliance _ Attapulgus. Bainbridge Bell Dixon Bethany. Brinson Climax Eldorendo Faceville Fowlston Mt. Pleasant |$ _.. _ 452.02 250.53 .64 117.25 128.47 105.62 108.15 33.94 495.50 1,977.10 2,745.45 608.88 101.94 549.03 2,161.08 297.59 178.00 201.04 18,638.30 4,103.85 583.94 75.00 10,175.00 1,007.26 5,591.61 6,170.55 1,895.76 138.67 67.70 61.71 100.47 31.05 38.05 4,723.86 175.65 428.50 1,980.80 106.34 4.52 717.63 485.02 3,315.63 1,114.71 14,815.44 22,277.98 15,482.71 23,815.18 9,119.08 10,824.21 26,000.00 10,139.71 10,279.06 ~~5~721~66 1,440.00 30,412.76 060. 633 488 391 379 70 255 260 58 254 275 67 26,576 3,663 2,800 20,000 4,160 970 14,240, 1,900 17,834 2,764 38,500 8,903 1,660 4,000 27,063 2,517 31,232.13 287.18 365.27 881.78 700.05 ,344.00 248.77 4,483.03 19,712.99 539.29 1,339.00 2,851.92 3,300.63 560.01 600.98 3,179.85 316.48! 98.00 38.00 10.00 263.00 5,780.00 845.03 427.45 9,800.00 1,223.77 850.00 359.36 960.00 603.75 2,508.75 1,851.34 130.00 10,700.00 868.25 3,081.60 16,68.54 1,040.00 1,556.00 702.08 946.50 2,583.00 171.00 90.00 11,440.16 33,592.43 7,314.94 1,449.36 39,394.08 1,220.00 5,002.00 500.00 32,556.00 976.00 5,596.22 18,492.56 20,493.00 3,371.68 945.30 36,650.64 7,285.28 1,530.00 13,835.84 19,446.80 8,503.39 8,341.40 6,136.94 27,860.68 4,927.97 5.00 8,124.81 240.00 22.50 444.25 18,500.00 1,433.90 26,448.55 3,291.72 670.85 100.00 10,101.58 1,480.79 25,110.59 22,557.93 2,295.00 6,000.00 728.60 1,029.90 33,130.33 506.39 163.36 682.00 75.00 21,245.19 28,089.41 9,800.00 24.00 52.01 100.00 180.00 60.30 T366~.66 3,060.95 1,118.56 739.31 392.25 535.11 198.71 371.39 368.79 92.70 254.10 275.20 563.12 36,620.51 91,212.35 8,456.78 3,774.62 56,163.97 10,528.65 81,325.34 6,331.72 20,469.95 5,194.00 85,613.54 7,930.97 63,681.02 56,826.08 53,875.14 19,588.34 2,810.30 82,825.64 45,777.25 6,952.50 57,276.88 35,823.86 49.150.93 16,640.16 425.85 432.97 943.49 800.52 1,375.05 7,689.99 84,242.49 324.42 33,000.94 38,180.30 669.63 1,395.21 3,669.55 3,965.65 560.01 3,976.91 4,294.56 1,676.48 H Z Po o Parker Pine Grove .. ___ ._ Pine Hill Recovery ... __. Twin Lakes West Bainbridge DeKalb Decatur East Lake Lithonia . Dodge Eastman Dooly ... .. Lilly ._ cc Pinehurst Unadilla. Vienna Dougherty Albany Douglas Bill Arp Douglasville _ _ _ ... Lithia Springs Villa Rica Winston. _ Early Blakely Cedar Springs . Colomokee ._ Damascus Jakin_ Liberty Hill Lucile - .. ... New Hope. __ . . Rowena Springfield Echols Effingham Clyo Ebenezer ._ Egypt Mario w _.. d TO Oj p-l A- a> as pq 2.35 152.94 76.17 2,106.00 4,141.24 1,169.81 150.00 1,640.71 1,768.00 237.54 2,231.65 13.50 10.20 518.20 3,495.49 470.12 45.91 55.60 94.86 108.42 23.ro 78.00 2,402.20 3,866.56 23.17 92.59 5.65 oo Acoo aa> i! s o 55,000.00 28,092.85 19,058.12 11,000.00 12,378.12 20,000.00 8,900.00 25,537.79 | i a. OCQ '*-' n w ft O 605.48 343.03 4,378.42 1,524.93 1,240.81 4,677.18 4,125.00 46,400.00 5,431.82 2,190.59 14,950.00 400.00 4,291.25 3,080.14 6,165.27 56,406.91 85.40 8,260.00 976.40 226.50 357.15 6,612.92 2,104.75 1,450.98 729.07 3'5.34 208.53 1,084.80 537.97 1,054.65 175.55 700.00 2 531 .81 537.53! a OS . P2 s 1,500.00 4,899.50 306.00 2,043.25 3,161.95 25.00 1,117.00 800.00 3,304.05 4,157.50 1,160.00 1,800.00 245.00 10.00 23.00 40.00 9M.R(1 ian 0 a 0 562.80 4,374.68 a0 acS CD 28,460.00 9,279.55 679.40 35,115.04 3,275.97 31,476.56 683.20 22,682.24 16,328.48 28,026.96 2,491.75 5,684.96 18,098.96 95S> 1R| 4,115.00 532.99 130,966.00 124,647.34 4,512.50 136,401.98 1,600.00 2,500.00 229.45 16,661.90 6,644.22 2,848.91 2,800.00 23,119.99 3,848.34 909.20 19 200.00 5,486.00 36.50 31.95 1,000.00 a '3 0 Oj O h (W7 CQ 343.03 4,380.77 5,639.93 1,393.75 5,286.34 212,157.00 189,367.63 6,417.22 8,746.04 199,609.87 24,720.53 53,034.68 575.00 7,961.61 3,880.14 11,237.32 50,581.68 67,208.63 34,947.16 98.90 12,860.00 986.60 226.50 875.35 74,642.44 18,042.81 550.80 3,069.55 94.86 1,450.98 729.07 423.76 231.73 ^0,362.80 537.97 22,473.16 39,770.19 1,137.32 300.09 740.00 4,486.31 543.18 Other Sources, including Bonds, Loans, etc. Meldrim Pineora Race Path -- Rincon Springfield Stillwell Elbert- Butler Oenterville Cooley Doves Creek Deep Creek Dewey Rose Elberton First Consolidated. Flatwoods Fork Creek Fortsonia Goss - Heardmont Holly Springs Hudson Locust Tree Longstreet Middleton CO Montevideo Nelms Oglesby Rock Branch Ruckersville Emanuel Evans Belleville Claxton Daisy Hagan Sapp. - Fannin Blue Ridge McCaysville Mineral Bluff Fayette Floyd Rome Forsyth Cumming Itley Mayfield Oak Grove Sharon Franklin Canon Lavonia 122.10L... 39.03 66.48 160.42 130.77 ,054.34 39.16 274.64 4.48 631.97 5,980.61 463.70 ,207.68 679.19 65.33 719.31 5.65 59.37 214.26 120.06 407.83 2.55 22.53 1.69 26.33 1,228.70 421.79 559.72 1.18 .75 3,185.28 53.97 9.07 2.24 2,072.27 415.00 29,875.75 9,465.00 7,643.04 8,598.57 48,000.00 7,259.95 16.65 1,770.10 8,615.00 1,076.84 "160^45 1,015.70 1,149.02 380.74 857.86 299.38 405.90 218.38 433.89 19,131.25 672.96 439.04 317.75 557.75 341.46 176.86 203.88 450.87 364.56 132.25 345.41 683.50 583.94 589.77 953.62 295.66 14,210.00 785.18 8,018.94 1,835.79 1,111.62 59.75 737.73 3,525.21 3,945.27 107.69 4,386. 6,000.00 43,680.00 3,120.00 57.42 422.85 161.97 289.59 5,000.00 1,200.00 7,585.79 153.001. 290.50. 888.50 6,741.83 6.67 4,000.00 102.00 224.65 15.00 800.00 9.00 1,720.67 9,465.18 1~666~66 1,191.10 6,824.00 126.46 31,856.64 566.26 92.00 113.85 4.83 30.00 ,200.00 57,189.44 13,490.16 19,027.12 900.00 110.00 20,899.84 38,825.28 15,000.00 16,405.36 20,450.00 1,566.48 2,120.00 100.00 "hY.ib 2,824.92 67.20 26.53 37.00 230.16 2.00 12.50 1.50 31.50 47.50 41.50 65.32 323.15 6.00 32.19 .50 116.76 12,310.00 373.85 12,133.96 4,825.52 635.00 1,802.47 29.05 16,500.00 609.46 543.87 3,345.00 1,900.00 1,351.94 429.53 160.45 1,189.28 2,324.40 130.77 42,716.51 419.90 1,199.70 330.39 1,037.87 218.38 934.59 27,080.76 1,582.31 506.37 330.25 559.25 341.46 896.17 241.03 498.37 465.43 411.83 788.62 689.50 1,030.63 592.82 976.15 414.10 117,611.55 25,225.97 13,432.93 13,742.68 2,486.97 1,116.45 90.50 35,059.30 5,381.05 3,963.34 109.93 38,607.36 109,325.28 68,754.64 24,209.19 7,990.00 57.42 422.85 178.62 289.59 35,835.10 3,957.58 18,429.00 S OS - oo & 0) 03 Martin Royston,. Fulton, . Atlanta,_ ___ College Park East Point Gilmer Ellijay Glascock, Glynn . Gordon .._ Sugar Valley ... Grady . Cairo _ Calvary CO Central.. . Chason .. Elpino Fairview Pine Park Whigham . Greene Fairview Greensboro Greshamville Liberty Meadow Crest Union Point Veazey White Plains Woodville Gwinnett Buford Lawrenceville .. Habersham . Alto Baldwin,. Clarkesville . Cornelia Demorest . Habersham Mills Mt. Airy Hall n 3,219.77 2,835,281.65 525.02 376.34 4,183.86 133,846.62 13.25 956.86 185.33 67.68 114.03 65.20 95.00 160.80 29.87 236.63 .53 337.23 10.92 482.92 450.50 415.58 213.94 4,428.81 425.08 40.70 20.00 343.78 220.00 4,579.08 1 Oo Ao CO o a . u3H0x3 sda> la ^Sos oHcoo '+>-3< r0i3 o 52 & 105,234.22 5,780.00 2,225.11 21,592.62 10,154.77 23,792.25 11,829.56 5,750.00 1,774,591.68 20,032.59 32,662.64 2,344.79 50,448.07 17,693.30 130.00 12,564.13 1,329.09 412.70 36.90 397.49 346.41 538.63 5,158.84 356.01 7,683.71 88.87 523.67 136.71 2,801.45 23,883.68 29,481.40 1,550.95 959.41 16,632.43 12,983.42 882.17 900.00 2,131.66 9,651.74 1,549.08 31,938.31 2,374.78 1 J3 da OS . 23 1,670.00 1,488.05 18,920.84 2,386.86 2,063.87 305.08 3,151.00 3.50 20.50 55.83 60.00 385.75 44.00 1,246.25 909.71 114.00 415.10 79.25 2,885.60 1,772.46 150.00 305.70 40.00 3.00 269.00 294.29 1,129.67 oa a03 o O 1,000.00 172.85 80.00 26.35 1,902.00 S33pCO +a 03 +^> CO 2,176.00 34,330.48 158,697.60 4,094.32 6,637.18 14,840.08 7,772.00 25,844.87 22,712.00 312.32 31,573.60 26,631.64 135.00 92.50 37,193.68 3,045.12 " 430.24 14,725.28 471.98 13,985.72 32,063.44 288.00 182,274.86 169,110.45 96.32 83,475.37 5,609.00 10,542.50 508.21 16,650.00 7,811.36 10,818.58 11.09 153.97 446.00 4,056,51 100.00 260.00 118.00 56,016.62 479.14 35,180.57 727.92 1,695.14 600.84 10,844.00 326,547.38 2,154,670.54 26,610.09 125,444.08 26,229.08 3,052.56 24,723.47 232,240.39 72,263.07 459.07 64,133.09 32,803.21 1,525.51 536.21 150.93 616.66 441.41 759.43 5,574.46 39,187.83 356.01 12,987.00 426.10 634.59 136,71 4,454.08 367.00 2,416.55 1,038.66 117,144.37 23,457.87 50,580.63 48,635.49 1,307.25 1,142.50 2,478.06 9,711.74 2,623.78 1,964.14 766.27 86.671.84 Other Sources, including Bonds, Loans, etc. Total Receipts. Gainesville Hart Onllla Jefferson Johnson 544.26 30,385.25 1,521.50 379.20 720.00 165.80 367.87 86.44 15,i77.76 18,509.00 5,000.00 4,846.47 2,559.36 13,708.81 1,723.27 951.00 321.00 662.00 446.50 22.00 12 244.30 584.92 1,089.95 118.86 408.61 19,325.69 9,221.07 1,500.00 2,135.23 368.65 3,018.00 1,057.58 13,014.22 579.40 2,500.66 5,078.30 31.32 504.00 962.56 7,072.00 23,073.84 25,120.98 906.54 17,500.00 198.00 309.90 35,000.00 100.00 758.76 11,170.59 3,700.00 729.46 6,300.00 1,500.00 2,898.94 675.78 318.50 2,170.47 13,500.00 13,828.58 8,400.43 6,593.23 8,067.82 3,964.51 4,514.78 583.33 1,758.50 2,634.58 28,645.02 27,000.00 3,000.00 19,994.74 -- 8,228.13 4,530.36 10,500.00 13,172.53 7,249.00 4,424.34 682.50 8,101.32 5,500.00 8,000.00 881.52 4.48 8,700.21 29,463.10 23,000.00 1,000.00 1,365.66 65.00 45.17 1,580.00 38,300.00 246.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 685.00 4,273.08 370.01 25.77 16,675.89 16,083.50 4,816.16 4,733.99 3,749.92 2^322"26 76.50 353.55 624.00 710.33 365.37 45.04 2,982.96 29,266.44 844.41 1,157.11 195.92 36,000.00 23.20 484.50 2,583.74 2,896.39 1,689.97 4,695.25 261.50 852.00 99.21 333.12 5,987.00 196.26 694.00 19.25 67.50 201.05 7,264.20 30,533.76 22,286.00 __ 28,400.56 1,500.00 22,400.00 1,225.36 2,874.56 17,757.00 26,469.63 35,624.00 1,100.00 1,167.18 708.16 913.28 54.18 87.90 30.00 32,334.00 2,375.27 32,141.00 3,147.60 25,351.60 9,906.40 147.00 36,015.00 18,978.72 24,161.04 20,838.16 17,712.68 4,600.00 10,878.88 48,386.96 404.00 439.28 7,617.68 629.52 31,487.28 11,882.00 15,861.84 8,551.36 26,830.24 10,636.96 9,544.44 15,415.92 625.00 56.00 76.17 1,957.93 285.35 18.49 1,219.70 362.59 164 .09 7,257.03 1,673.68 26,325.47 3,034.71 285.47 25,500.00 1,559.81 1,121.35 23,206.54 13,456.05 10,500.00 2,991.00 4,800.00 42,043.84 6,076.50 6,300.00 13,533.07 15,756.23 23,009.75 339.77 426.90 31,503.34 700.00 4,091.31 72.60 12,700.00 1,681.82 49,000.00 8,380.04 975.00 39,715.21 46,336.52 6,330.20 41,571.00 5,409.37 5,547.16 14,527.10 1,764.56 61,190.25 3,662.14 532.74 46,986.05 4,010.80 23,049.37 24,860.32 76,378.19 64,481.69 2,464.47 21,000.00 5,300.00 70,853.38 13,134.02 54,031.42 39,255.24 55,390.03 28,806.83 8,861.01 103,194.60 81,017.30 61,809.19 45,523.55 39,347.07 18,100.00 36,216.84 125,359.81 1,469.00 2,650.22 47,844.58 2,814.72 88,703.58 32,861.93 25,856.79 3,932.14 10,634.34 1,577.94 70.803.66 4,560.70 98,533.35 24,659.10 22,254.92 295.47 2,051.37 268.55 O O Pleasant Hill CO 00 Allio CM H OS 03 rH Si CD CCi SOS oflj 649.85 71.79 140.00 579.44 4.05 108.97 166.00 o 0 Ao CQ CaD i-i | o 13,193.02 15,660.56 26.05 990.91 959.35 4,501.77 36.80 55.92 63.46 641.97 184.03 188.44 1,756.78 194.88 284.94 22.87 1,111.40 662.57 27.72 280.00 .20 417.85 38.28 950.85 1,878.41 33.55 1,780.57 2,609.02 376.98 6,797.23 17,017.14 7,194.36 13,536.68 10,050.00 6,055.80 15,834.63 28.510.3S 9,363.32 4,312.97 r3gnco- OOQ +-> CQ .n2 P< 6,647.14 57.24 122.00 1,557.27 266.83 619.11 680.57 1,164.63 5,600.00 16,615.73 2,325.00 549.85 11,242.12 8,000.00 300.00 649.00 2,505.18 14,853.93 681.98 3,017.62 2,900.00 575.00 250.00 746.71 1,057.20 257.56 600.00 602.82 1,500.04 4,879.91 518.68 4,791.40 2,107.99 592.97 8,127.29 10,900.00 135.41 ^ t '3 H aa 03 . J3 CD aoq o +^> CS eo l p 5,624.50 93.33 473.98 1,568.60 1,920.00 969.60 2,625.90 783.76 328.50 5,066.85 315.60 533.09 460.00 14.00 42.50 1,192.00 23.38 341.97 5,395.06 3,786.75 3,255.92 889.55 471.33 2,615.44 120.00 ^^ Other Sources, including Bonds, Loans, etc. 9i F*< a) +^> 18,955.20 23,261.72 24,798.00 15,681.28 39,208.90 16,666.36 11,440.76 44,812.96 25,159.68 14,439.9 28,218.06 1 6,529.05 17,890.00 18,097.57 2,525.00 10.00 1,000.00 19,594.19 3,800.00 98.70 89.00 100.00 4,779.70 3.19 15.36 4,000.00 9.79 310.43 5,751.66 2,224.66 200.00 1,453.46 73,364.10 11,000.00 ft "o3 aCD o 19,450.54 129.03 262.00 52,268.26 57,019.85 270.88 619.11 789.54 1,638.61 9,759.60 18,535.73 3,304.60 575.90 57,466.92 43,460.74 12,759.35 57,346.05 336.80 1,253.92 2,997.14 25,342.45 866.01 3,520.66 5,189.87 769.88 534.94 769.58 2,182.60 923.32 627.72 898.18 1,566.12 10,489.76 566.75 32,458.61 19,685.40 8,706.50 73,256.29 14,723.06 15,729.38 127,034.17 35,828.20 1 39,328.28 V Madison Murray -- Oaseys Springs. Chatsworth Cisco Eton Ramhurst Spring Place... Muscogee Columbus Newton Covington Oconee Bishop. -- Bogart Eastville Farmington-- High Shoals.-- Ida Carithers.. Mars Hill. Omer Pine Grove Union Chapel.. Wattsinsville... Oglethorpe to Arnoldsville-- to Bairdstown-- Bethesda Chapel Comele Crawford Enrerprise Glade Maxeys Meson Prospect Rose Hill Sandy Cross.. Stephens Union Vesta Woodstock-- Paulding Pickens Jasper Marble City... Nelson Pierce Blackshear... Pike Polk Cedartown.... Benedict Fish Creek 666.941 4,592.171 110.00 9,021.73 342.40 365.13 128.82 3,264.69 19.36 3,114.70 563.87 1,829.83 44~07 37.61 444.43 20.20 35.16 ...-44.07 ~"~12~36 31.31 3,062.01 88.00 60.39 17.00 4.13 260.82 2,065.20 720.00 339.59 420.00 715.48 2,353.04 10,081.50 98.03 118.90 424.68 9,936.12 60,748.01 9,406.51 4,257.57 3,270.89 8,400.00 280"07 5,256.06 25.00 1,221.43 746.58 200.00 282.20 203,000.00 14,500.00 805.28 588.60 495.65 266.49 315.96 163.57 49.00 ~~l24~67 2,700.67 599.20 675.00 76.13 248.58 3,500.00 106.89 450.21 2,284.01 136.87 476.13 10,281.95 7,000.00 12,050.00 11,797.59 11,379.28 6,980.00 1,750.00 1,400.00 1,100.00 9,481.85 8,059.61 1,992.43 33,261.96 2,108.85 927.27 1,411.61' 175.20 28.00 ~i45~8l _215"98 3,539.00 407.36 "^309^70 11.91 85.50 1,019.70 149.50 275.00 750.00 210.37 500.50 63.00 2,000.00 144.00 827.00 923.87 929.00 900.00 3,157.51 92.73 512.84 40.51 100.49 222.06 "i~633~34 2,739.73 14,000.00 20,244.48 32,105.52 31,832.24 894.48 15,704.40 60.00 177.25 32,795.96 13.00 38.00 286.64 100.00 205.00 16,000.00 622.95 6,553.33 1,000.00 ~21~452.48 11,814.48 1,127.40 13,726.54 3,152.00 21,456.04 25,312.56 5,987.43 2,954.19 402.00 3,460.06 ~~*523~95 1,420.37 8,015.25 2,722.04 300.00 155.03 2,843.82 16,265.20 29,618.33 390.07 17,765.85 407.91 1,971.68 1,111.71 2,187.23 92,554.63 239,480.26 44,653.45 19,642.38 24,942.98 680.00 1.61 180.00 43.05 75.00 600.00 30.00 57.65 ~2~566".66 1,000.00 300.00 600.00 4,804.13 143.00 491.65 638.12 940.08 372.19 315.96 878.73 93.07 167~03 3,813.29 33,184.84 969.00 763.00 136.52 17.00 248.58 3,775.00 106.89 838.00 488.21 2,781.02 4.13 397.69 600.50 1,139.13 30.00 57.65 205.00 43,279.63 38,534.48 1,894.00 1,889.95 9,544.19 27,296.54 19,082.46 45,718.28 49,257.42 42,504.93 2,228.75 1,351.95 1 o 0 Lake Creek Mt. Home Rockmart Pulaski Hawklnsville Putnam.. Eatonton Quitman Rabun Clayton Randolph Richmond Rockdale Conyers Schley Screven Seminole Carthage Desser Donalsonville.. Fairchild Griselda Iron City Lela Reynoldsville . ... Ward Spalding Griffin Stephens Toccoa . ... Stewart .. . Lumpkin Richland Sumter .. Andersonville Americus Concord. Huntington Lyrion New Era Plains Union High Shiloh H Ol CO t-t A- 0) CO Bs <5 CO oo o CO aOl j? >> H co D 1 oa . >-1H sg X) cs . OKI .5"+a"JaCO 28 H 177.68 90.00 767.39 686.89 63.27 78.50 16,079.24 4,600.00 207.94 1,660.00 10,437.26 60.52 4,306.64 6,403.81 788.63 15,200.00 265.59 7,499.32 4,000.00 2,253.54 2,045.93 10,945.14 7,626.41 21,428.55 5,544.09 16,518.44 484,922.69 4,397.35 3,100.00 12,237.68 329.20 340.00 1,189.77 3,881.25 145.60 1,339.26 4,493.60 7,500.00 6,994.35 4,582.17 9,010.40 1,762.15 24,451.49 11,993.64 3,373.08 20.57 .30 564.08 916.67 463.78 7,962.58 252.64 249.41 142.46 1,408.11 343.73 723.51 941.98 66.17 634.65 2,467.56 19,976.82 498.81 39,704.80 11,181.15 373.22 7,506.00 265.44 2,702.06 13,350.00 3,263.12 3,090.43 11,767.01 456.37 515.57 5,689.26 99.00 .. 8,659.56 1,136.50 64.64 20,078.73 49.54 1,210.73 ... 620.39 46,107.91 2,23i.04 . 43.62 600.00 2,297.65 2,856.08 304.70 1,835.94 310.00 1,018.04 131.24 8,948.06 6,254.90 159.25 182.00 419.80 aGO o aCoO Q 310.91 125.00 800.00 3,038.37 401.29 200.00 3,704.79 806.34 3,150.00 60.00 to a 0 3 CO w 15,390.44 2,950.23 15,365.00 6,298.88 9,352.32 29,654.96 82,626.83 10,633.85 3,055.72 9,593.04 36,955.84 14,104.00 19,754.24 8,837.92 11,580.24 22,141.76 29,665.59 9,544.20 3,812.00 9,732.19 125.92 30.23 15.00 1,250.00 1,489.55 25,587.81 9,051.33 2,757.00 8,690.00 150.00 67.01 50,974.50 159.00 126.59 10.00 8,008.78 10,000.00 2,308.33 10,266.80 3,691.76 3,498.46 8,241.00 5,580.c0 2,325.00 4,350.00 GO a 'o8 GO "3 +oJ 944 07 776 89 8,994.12 42,940.35 22,150.23 32,597.58 9,813.38 11,424.38 22,482.46 5,490.00 71,755.18 618,447.13 30,501.71 15,337.89 25,177.25 86,185.60 41,527.25 651 60 916 97 58,937.08 716 42 249.41 1,709.57 470 32 1 665 49 710.82 50,207.40 70,222.68 22,033.23 19 315 18 48,528.71 9,995.59 16,444.52 58,049.96 1,260.27 64,083.84 600.00 2,341.27 2,916.08 2,140.64 11,765.06 12,042.74 290.49 Other Sources, including Bonds, Loans, etc. Thalean Talbot Tattnall Taylor. Telfalr .. .. Terrell Thomas Barnett Creek Boston Cooledge Center Hill Dillon Enon Fredonia Law Meigs Metcalfe Ozell Patten Pavo *- Pebble Hill Rummer Hill Thomasville Unity Waunleigh Tift Tifton. Toombs. Lyons Towns.. Treutlen Troup Hogansville LaGrange West Point. Turner... Ashburn Twiggs Everett. . Jeffersonville Kmit.h Union Upson.. J. E. Johnston Institute Thomaston. The Rock--. Walker Chickamauga Linwood .. 44.10 2,389.42 1,734.74 691.04 349.07 3,437.12 1,000.00 72.00 325.34 532.31 367.00 362.40 1.08 129.77 14.70 2,732.63 2,383.55 255.15 19.74 470.46 287.37 282.56 25,872.59 245.85 55.44 62.24 619.99 2,038.11 140.09 30.09 1,962.78 1,901.68 565.64 2,293.27 1,389.14 44.90 94.13 3.75 810.6 1,266.13 202.2C 268.9 13,997.64 t 793.9E 209.7( 12,427.60 8,017.78 20,000.00 7,500.00 24,699.90 2,300.00 13,344.64 39,715.72 17,325.56 13,853.27 2,124.35 9,034.13 12,296.86 10,000.00 7,288.52 3,880.53 9,713.64 19,964.6( 3,230.93 15,000.00 12,213.15 750.00 705.50 18,000.00 8,033.38 457.00 94.00 52.03 405.77 752.33 2,083.01 581.07 417.62 1,295.19 99.38 19,697.34 38.02 8,693.90 20,843.91 4,800.00 2,237.01 3,753.83 122,136.21 13,628.71 3,874.00 10,000.00 1,018.65 2,127.96 466.06 2,875.73 4,205.74 1,538.92 12,882.5E 4,150.0C 3.00 1,760.00 2,000.00 3,426.00 210.00 3,300.00 2,638.15 61.50 57.25 667.50 3.00 299,63 55.25 1,204.04 10,707.48 i54.26 1,669.13 2,150.00 2,338.25 8,924.24 3,229.69 3,800.00 44.05 687.50 1,173.10 4,605.00 294.58 2,250.25 4,434.55 13.75 1,710.00 37.20 200.00 84.41 376.20 100.00 18,616.80 12,424.48 24,883.12 19,283.10 31,795.28 1,224.49 21,400.00 4,200.00 35,746.00 2,090.62 8,530.24 34.126.56 2,942.64 39,879.28 3,331.60 20,870.52 23,106.80 2,766.50 18,422.40 3,523.36 17,782.72 2,405.41 16,977.18 9,808.80 30,350.16 33,275.92 1,327.36 162.50 3,548.98 33,000.00 20,462.73 40,004.00 844.10 7,439.31 4,100.00 3,310.37 589.96 60.00 722.64 195.83 1,806.14 200.00 3,712.85 35.00 21,693.83 20,222.00 7,027.35 28,500.00 980.00 228.91 20,739.13 1,590.09 853.10 3,112.65 2,320.00 1,646.50 627.50 15,956.12 25.15 3,000.00 875.25 13,611.00 2,735.74 3,437.53 36,985.80 23,937.00 94,883.12 64,594.98 97,249.18 5,765.13 42,743.02 28,937.12 80,561.72 72.00 16,397.86 1,183.77 881.25 362.40 155.08 81.91 129.77 66.73 4,165.74 3,234.71 4,443.93 856.06 888.08 6,499.45 134.38 282.56 86,501.48 283.87 427.60 80,604.52 33,118.89 84,270.66 7,930.00 6,024.95 50,673.87 39,603.45 12,434.76 151,901.59 25,787.68 33,045.86 18,570.31 26,332.45 1,112.78 3,446.71 466.06 30,456.07 41,329.73 4,376.18 11,810.74 2,709.05 95,982.02 10,705.86 2,959.25 Walton Logan vllle Monroe.. Ware Fairfax Waycross Warren Oamak Warrenton Washington Deepstep Davisboro Harrison Pringle Riddleville... to Tennille Worthen Wayne Webster Wheeler White Cleveland Helen... Nacoochee Robertson Shoal Creek.. Union Grove. Yonah Whitfield Cohutta Dalton Wilcox Abbeville Pine view Pitts Rochelle Wilkes.... ._. WashingtOn- Wilkinson Irwinton Worth Total... 03 r-t Q) 03 Od 03 oS M 12,099.55 230.05 2,868.03 7,300.34 274.72 5,425.44 6.19 9,411.56 180.00 72.88 5.00 777.43 363.76 ,355.99 427.45 .ooa o CO a 5 >> u 13,205.21 21,000.00 3,346.38 24,088.71 28,382.61 4,919.83 9,600.00 5,817.40 %d x d 03 .d -P o OCO ' d c, 4J 03 .2 ft 5,202.45 1,804.21 14,841.43 15,000.00 61,612.64 1,275.00 2,512.13 3,339.73 775.00 550.00 6,825.88 8,397.15 13,579.90 1,700.00 950.00 55.00 375.00 eJ d 03 . CO o 3,100.00 811.47 3,240.00 492.15 971.38 320.00 3,414.98 550.00 542.61 131.90 275.00 1,544.72 730.00 150.00 290.98 Po i 03 3 O O 166.02 225.00 1,255.00 "~~250~66 1,380.16 ioo~66 301 d p 0> +3 03 -p CO 34,959.68 15,001.12 283.04 14,996.24 16,327.12 45,258.40 17,338.72 9,238.08 14,666.08 9,769.76 a* m od offl o o ho CO d m 5 OHI 20,000.00 2,001.38 243.02 5,000.00 51.00 55,197.19 2.50 10.00 70.00 10,311.33 494.39 499.17 45,789.07 700.00 269.28 ft o 87,691.89 5,013.13 21,507.48 63,301.46 826.19 133,052.17 25,101.44 1,605.00 7,258.30 96,070.00 800.00 4,062.34 699.17 5.00 825.00 11,027.06 730.00 100,421.31 30,484.78 24,966.08 16,283.89 1,700.00 950.00 55.00 375.00 2,748.55 69.28 1,108.58 25,509.49 240.19 966.45 1,559.41 3,336.76 1,200.00 .66 8,099.66 13,404.45 25,164.22 15,500.00 23,587.06 1,333.51 20,700.00 4,334.37 1,490.67 2,898.77 5,588.00 1,869.83 20,678.46 7,000.00 13,775.84 * 3,528,147.20$ 3,552,478.69$ 4,401,800.158 89.41 5,577.45 168.76 250.00 485,547.03$ 170.00 300.00 23,031.00 26,891.92 710.00 44,156.72 _2^554~66 ~38~273".84 9,200.00 5.60 600.00 41,012.97 3,034.59 9,130.67 20,597.00 43,079.21 1,667.80 27,177.45 82,417.92 29,843.82 1,490.67 3,307.72 6,554.45 72,355.53 31,368.54 47,390.76 1,910.00 96,484.40 127,427.89$ 4,257,051.66$ 3,297,7g^^$19^58J)1177I34 DISBURSEMENTS INDEBTEDNESS P Aprling Baxley Atkinson . Pearson Willacooehee__ Bacon Alma Baker Elmodel. Newton Baldwin Eddy Milledgevllo. _ Bankg Barrow Winder 02 Bartow Adairaville Carteraville Ben Hill.__ Afihton Cotton MilL.. Dorminy Fitzgerald Tynnwood Roanoke Westwood Berrien Alapaha Enicma Nashville Ray City Ty^art Beckley Cochran Bibb ,,._. Brantley Brooks Barwick Quitman Bryan, _._ Bulloch Statesl>oro Burke Butts Jackson Calhoun Camden,. St. Marys .Campbell Fairburn Palmetto Union City-.- 1,761.15 1,244.50 166.12 1,380.55 1,986.56 2,525.00 2,728.22 i;i25"66 2,093.00 55.54 296.00 36.19 40.00 165.69 1,101.30 2,250.00 6,788.20 1,671.78 2,413.85 ^600".66 1,468.00 2,650.33 47.00 2,615.06 1,508.91 7.00 3,498.31 1,008.00 931 .25 1,823.41 19,024 8,345 11,364 4,775 4,070 11,401 6,795 11,682 550 1,571 19,012 2,587 19,443 20,067 16,921 17.572 39,018 6,493 23,615 10,008 770 520 570 30,582 908 765 16,228.00 3,557.00 2,065.00 9,720.75 4,235.00 800.00 14,505 9,882.50 320,868.66 16,613.98 33,090.00 6,130.00 22,248.73 18,145.75 45,458.19 23,619.36 54,468.. 19,975.75 10,890.00 25,952.00 10,045.00 2,247.50 15,533.87 7,664.49 5,106.25 2,836.18 2,619.40 800.00 1,609.00 690.00 450.00 447.00 175.00 3,982.34 ,802.56 2,417.72 1,933.50 1,395.00 3,702.75 3,040.00 1,925.00 38.02 4,675.00 125.00 """765.00 1,745.01 590.00 52,292.00 1,253.75 8,894.13 4,401.00 2,438.75 7,977.60 4,061.48 25,348.25 3,642.20 1,215.00 4,987.00 5,950.00 840.00 2,270.63 540.00 250.00 i PP 3,604.77 $ 1,750.00 1,265.75 75.00 148.71 127.15 54.00 356.00 5,472.00 175.00 2,222 150.00 5,587.27 3,000.00 100.00 2,968.90 400.28 2,602.73 855 .82 175.00$ 776.101... .11 25.00 79.44 200.00 141.44 40.67 36 .00 176.71 40.00 "659".76 S 266.40 500.00 1,323.17 """257.43 433 .37 358.15 880.82 553.95 178.49 216.58 50.00 2,964.00 1,048.46 18,680.11 75.00 1,858.05 10,338.29 200.00 8,285.25 793.11 394.50 10,532.76 1,377.05 2,535.85 717.28 1,175.00 6,632.64 566 .50 2.278.27 1,557.26 30.00 225.00 6.00 58.7 2 4,409.72 164.14 40 .00 710.50 40.00 723 .37 480.59 16,941.29 1,296.55 240 .00 146.25 3,305.95 2,479.50 82.34 4,917.78 71.50 205.00 689.47 448 .00 ,380.00 49.00 3.46 3,127.57 1,019.34 1,388.10 325 .00 306 .90 981.72 454.24 180.00 464.41 512.50 339 .30 100.13 100.00 325.14 48.75 65.00 550.00 74.20 1.103.08 100.00 4,502.58 837.17 85,344.27 340 .79 14.614 1,795.00 9,652.79 550.05 3,707.98 2.683.97 67,821.64 3.735 2,510.00 7,088.97 ~""690"i3 1,537.90 969.64 811.49 264.18 1 k c "E js aj a. c H 71.00 i 69.20 147.54 " 2[672".89 18.75 1,050.00 T 982 ".40 73.25 "5;009".70 340.75 178.70 67.00 85.00 1,380.00 """450.O0 493 .09 292.32 1,047.33 886.33 89.00 398 .00 1,082.45 14,968.93 430.75 6,140.45 795 .00 3,270.10 3,981.80 5,444.74 2,024.57 3,226.25 7,350.00 44.90 139.00 118.54 18.00 =3 O Q 'a a OJ a 1,165 444 1,209 37 585 958.33 3,237 1,130 430 1,374.34 $ 32,230.83 12,535.10 38,766.38 5,815.00 6,776.70 25,329.81 7,297.75 6,981.25 2,141.00 43,780.72 3,371.11 24,707.52 34,621.50 26,436.58 23,149.93 57,308.81 123".70 1,031.39 2,130.25 1,607.61 65.81 4,303.69 121.59 1,662.87 1,109.71 935 .07 221 .66 4,832.37 438.06 1,700.00 138 .98 680.00 37^045.11 19,394.82 1,920.36 520.32 628 .72 40,412.97 1,034.14 765.69 38.02 26,290.61 3,756.20 2,105.00 12,338.85 4,950.00 965.69 23,968.46 14,520.07 504,634.62 21,451.98 69,981.85 9,285.00 40,360.97 30,288.21 69,593.04 30,633.47 161,285.38 36,549.47 17,303.72 47,352.60 25,278.00 4,809.13 21,769.22 12,598.13! 7,202.76 4,202.96 $ 8,000.00 10,000.00 2 632.00$ 15,000 00 7,775.00 833 .50 18,863.32 2,500.00 2,981.12 7,623.20 3,300.00 35,000.00 3,430.00 .7,818.57 10,510.50 2,265.45 8.000.00 15,000.00 525.00 600.00 83.92 777.65 521.40 103 .30 4,500.00 34,500.00 17,000.00 75,000.00 15,200.00 17,660.00 2,600.00 75,728.70 25,000.00 17,000.00' 7.500.00 4,000.00i. 1,105 .25 8,000.00 1,100.72 2,167.70 it I t- o.-- V- sew I 4IS^ CandW Metter Carroll --- Carrollton Catoosa Charlton Chatham -- Chattahoochee Chattooaa Menlo Trion. - Cherokep Ball Groind Canton Holly Rprinffs New Bethel Payfip--- -- Woodstock Clarke -- Athens Clay.. Bluffton Ft. Gaines Clayton Bethel Ellenwood { Fairview Flat Rock Forest Park Hebron. Howards - 2,070.14 2.489,99 3,777.50 1,190.00 1.274.00 12,956.95 990.44 1,558 .On 10.00 1,592.04 1,900.00 2,163.07 4,150.00 753.20 2,212.83 6.61 36.50 28.019,67 9,978.68 58,878.99 21,383.86 14,175.00 19,720,00 251,514.00 6,225.70 33,812.36 3.715.00 10,906.25 27,239.10 3,920.00 13,512.00 1,500.00 900.00 600.00 3,375.00 20,967.14 89,055.63 6,305.00 3,397.50 7.325.00 1,182.42 371.92 900.00 455.00 1,006.50 2,280.00 397.52 472.56 3.827,27 40.74 4,415.90 1,200.00 600.00 410,00 79,144.18 2,224.20 2,715.00 370.00 535.00 408.00 " 750.00 300.00 5,088.80 18,782.25 1,565.00 420.00 800.00 2,667.68 1.57 1.177,56 16,746.33 288.28 16,100.00 2,010.00 11,529.67 51.80 625.00 385.60 2,995.03 1,546.39 1,400.00 2,500.00 578 83 .04 3,558.83 400.00 45.00 139.25 268 .25 40.00 41.00 45.00 1,476.59 100 .00 47.75 9.80 9.20 117.07 7.92 1,419.05 3,039.90 70.58 800 .CO 1,240.00 984.00 31.15 521.64 1,210.08 158.90 899.33 127 .10 10.00 14.90 60.00 506.00 "5.00 767 .28 67 .05 813.59 1.614,61 12.147,96 4,572.75 2,952.00 388.00 447,835.23 119.00 1,269.51 1,295.12 2,211.72 27.42 199.75 200.00 120.00 21,781.33 36.37 '"V.'au'.ii 3,149.45 300.00 47.00 17.80 990.77 699.42 24,015.85 6,772.57 172.13 235.25 695.20 4.49 51.16 88.51 50.67 861.40 25.62 68 .09 _ 102.75 15.95 111.44 3,311.18 209.60 300.00 1,600.00 2,809.81 67.85 200.00 30 .CO 442 .50 2,245.20 473 .45 1.50 910.51 17.75 1,809.05 430.00 300.00 12,378.76 346 67 66.41 "i;252".98 52. 553 .36 524.7 60.50 379.82 42,222.64 11,920.03 99,977.47 31,533.97 36,747.00 26,942,00 843,177.80 9,710.14 40,526.60 5,842.13 17,206.01 33,278.59 5,531.35 20,914.20 4,300.00 947.00 623 .58 4,840.62 29,656.12 141,082.30 18,565.74 4,568.58 8,355.25 7 265.05 386 .41 951.16 561.49 1.117.77 3.319.97 431.06 540.65 6,405.00 61,500.00 40,000.00 91,000.00 121,000.00 24,000.00 18,000.00 55,500.00 2.600.00 848,000.00 16.959,01 10,000.00 3,600.00 3,500.00 39,000.00 800.00 26,653.00 ,2C0.C0 125.00 543.38 2,500.00 1,342.22 Jonesboro Lovejoy Morrow Mt. Zion.-----Mountain View. Noah's Ark Philadelphia Pine Grove Piea'iant Grove. 9.65 4.4(1 6,405.00 1,115.00 1,147.50 715.00 1,125.00 376 .95 600.00 887.00 465.00 10.63 7.01 24.92 "75".03 10.80 10.85 236.65 66.45 15.93 33.50 45.40 67.85 50.12 9.90 49.01 1,400.06 1,238.87 751.21 1,263.53 422.35 678.65 952.37 509.41 960.00 Riverdale. - Rex --- Tanner? Clinch.. > Cobb Acworth Aust!l Marietta ROSWPII CoffeBro^ton Dowlas \irhnlls , . Cokjuitt Doerun Moultrie Columbia 10.45 2,264.99 2,020.70 2,760.00 2,692.33 75 .00 3,414.39 1,098.96 960.00 896.38 630.00 14,420.61 75,251.81 5,990.00 4,010.00 27,000.00 6;654.84 17,653.44 4,692.88 14,406.50 4,285.00 52,276.24 6,732.50 33,298.10 19,478.50 2,285.1 6,588.75 900.00 248.50 3,660.00 405.00 2,988.75 315 .50 2,937.72 300.00 3,120.88 448.13 4.620.00 3,535.751 10.70 6,523.41 4,900.00 354.41 75.88 500.00 291.96 1,735.21 350.00 13,016.56 48.98 306 .40 5.690.09 25.00 250.00 6.90 625.42 679.64 1,308.34 250.00 733.01 198.58 90.00 ,509.91 57.50 445.52 323.01 13.84 "~ii7".52 18.00 9,716.44 275.00 1,490.98 811.30 10,950.00 2,108 51 46,202.82 738.36 2,476 19 464.00 2,375.18 542 .44 4,031.76 27,814.56 53.05 250 00 38.50 473 .50 2,129.10 17.00 Ti28".64 25.85 ... 1J25".70 349 .37 ""io'.oo 4 802.77 9.04 2,028.92 585.00 127.45 51 00 6,300.00 8.00 "i.567.63 1,013.90 676.05 35,658.85 89,715.20 10,096.78 5,150.48 45,947.77 9,427.39 74,758.83 6,331.74 21,881.65 5.632.00 90,391.80 7,877.24 46,266.78 60,573.60 4,400.00 '.0,000.00 89,000.00 248^566".60 3,588.90 TMO'.OO 9,500.00 28,434.60 1,487 72 500 00 8,179.55 860.00 ~~22,m~.$7 4,000.00 JLr c Cook Sparks. * V- p f' j 1214 School District. 1222 School District. 1038 School District. 1037 School District960Scnool District.. Mt. Pleasant Pine Hill Twin Lakes _West Eainbndge Lilly 1,848.82 60.00 80.00 2,316.14 1,592.02 2,920.59 2,750.00 926.90 22.04 "~842~78 4,921.53 67.00 2,900.00 14.00 54.32 32.78 10.00 118.32 3,358.00 3,000.00 2,897.00 2,800.00 2,598.41 2,334.00 1,140.38 20,410.45 8,550.00 2,447.50 42,723.42 36,000 .(XI 5,108.85 20,465.51 23,943.00 26,630.81 13,512.49 690.00 905.00 2,443.61 960.75 4,680.00 7,264.40 3,580.00 850.00 4,921.94 17,688.03 2,137.50 2,440.40 5.510.00 5.463.75 1,667.62 4,603.25 3,465.50 7,722.82 1,508.50 1.063 .75 4,120.25 1,384.00 1,972.50 3,937.50 66,494.00 44,650.25 3,880.00 7,655.00 36,274.89 13,867.50 25,308.20 2,880.00 4,625.00 5,625.00 10,620.24 6,537.75 57,061.54 17,863.00 1,235.00 11,605.00 1,890.00 Blakely 910.00 2,358.15 34,885.63 13,529.00 53.00 170.00 Liberty Hill 45.00 Clyo Marlow 13.44 1,527.19 1,679.98 51.00 23.00 7,992.00 9,854.00 2,805.00 1,440.00 820.00 1,640.00 5,990.00 2,060.00 1,608.75 4,482.09 180.00 6,380.93 4,050.00 371.67 2,672.00 2,179.25 1,102.75 212.00 172.00 5,871.00 4,233.66 5,140.00 3,100.00 200.00 44.29 4,386.50 1,215.00 6,177.76 320.00 67.50 540.00 1,465.00 6,246.50 12,000.00 3,615.33 1,170.00 510.00 240.00 2,847.50 250.00 229.50 57.50 722.58 1,200.00 169.23 252.97 110.46 179.59 2.25 25.00 76.00 21,022.35 100.00 50.09 52 .00 274.50 200.00 23,885.98 50,118.50 12,000.00 18.25 52.34 1,270.65 560.32 9.50 5,785.60 3.95 24,179.00 81,899.47 13,806.15 8,969.04 3,445.72 170.89 302 .42 250.00 253.93 348.71 1,914.51 3,759.04 40.00 714.00 156.00 346 .40 24.50 25.00 113.93 77.50 173.40 110.00 7;260".66 " 500.00 44.64 230.00 110.25 30.00 20.00 10.00 512.20 3,434.75 880.74 360.00 ~384~89 62.50 50.00 890.85 33.00 1,200.25 317.64 2,884.50 406.72 17.90 127.55 23.75 86.61 706.15 380.97 104.00 1,500.00 239.82 568 .01 650.48 50.00 19.25 916.00 946.34 7,000.00 228.75 720.70 262.65 1,588.00 1,747.50 52.00 517.94 1,453.61 302.89 543.15 207 .52 1,172.42 611.03 22.00 400.00 43.50 120.66 388.85 50.00 284.20 12.50 113.48 89.39 1,611.10 28.38 1,257.60 150.00 478.11 12.00 150.00 500.00 100.80 29,474.29 150.00 3,673.08 4,040.00 494.57 25,359.67 260.00 3,212.85 566.25 1.80 50.00 84.00 31.90 295 .27 82.50 6,001.76 11.06 3,412.17 11,210.59 2.40 111.00 63.21 244.68 47.73 1,098.02 689.80 112.74 25.00 252 .50 5.00 190.53 40.00 2,189.80 659.12 181.25 283.02 82,887.00 36,475.10 990.05 634.20 100,867.70 1,142.92 957.29 30.00 421.05 500.00 1,547.26 5,584.27 3,510.16 2,955.00 13.20 4,120.50 295 .40 43.00 22,042.34 3,483.34 182.00 404.77 49.27 498.66 25.00 23.50 272.26 2,649.80 27.05 7,202.92 317.81 16.15 102.44 492.10 2.00 760.00 74.92 381.75 183.00 561.25 198.40 50.00 96.80 620.00 126 .00 240.00 3,874.35 3,929.31 441.00 97.80 5,444.54 510.59 183.45 43.40 1,710.00 540.00 1,845.46 799.82 91.30 736.72 122.50 1,172.34 2,467.00 7,484.13 3,984.15 3,843.40 640.00 3,626.30 216.00 1,836.73 41.50 255.00 1,999.16 385.00 383.04 1,137.74 492.96 1,173.59 8.44 69.83 216.06 639 .82 36.43 134.58 20.97 472.08 10.70 1,500.00 451.13 14.40 218.46 1.65 3,221.58 1.528.08 3,137.00 1.304.09 7,573.81 928 .36 1,089.53 245.12 390.29 2,166.00 54,480.05 14,856.02 2,807.50 68,638.01 46,700.00 6,329.90 54,195.83 30,593.43 35.689.08 15,781.20 944.77 1,115.46 2,920.49 994.90 5,441.27 8,579.54 48,597.00 861.05 33,780.45 105,967.70 2,378.32 2,613.05 7,755.29 6,355.09 1,726.05 10,317.38 5,406.25 11,543.86 2,072.01 1,074.90 10,252.33 8,675.44 2,286.26 7,306.16 189,250.00 186,799.31 5,170.05 8,385.49 168,453.07 23,533.88 41,578.57 3,230.00 5,943.36 6,990.00 15,645.31 26,268.78 75,903.75 31,858.00 1,310.20 20,451.50 2,384.90 1,721.73 60.89 10.95 319.12 423.35 1,073.00 72,910.89 17,635.73 542.64 3,869.55 94.77 1,850.66 438.48 460.53 272.26 7,227.35 508.59 19,570.49 17,162.13 4.027.30 1,590.00 621.76 1,742.44 8r409.40 2,074.00 49,000.66 6,000.00 10,000.00 35,000.00 10,000.00 35,000.00 20,000.00 25,000.00 15,000.00 5,000.00 3,500.00 20,000.00 4,000.00 25,000.00 40,000.00 274,000.00 20,000.00 30,000.00 40,000.00 30,000.00 37,000.00 2,500.00 7,000.00 19,500.00 10,000.00 7,000.00 3,800.00 4,400.00 5,000.00 1,200.00 5,000.00 5,649.98 21,000.00 318.49 751.50 14,413.24 74,402.54 650.00 5,495.53 9,800.00 3,000.00 5,897.66 1,587.52 25.00 300.00 300.00 9,000.00 1,509.20 450.00 2,000.00 4,819.00 60.00 30.00 Zi '- 6 .~ o Z Uoo sj . a&t ^3 . CO IvS ,3 d si O 02 'aa & i 1 q3 SI a '5 M a ah '.3 o&S - ' SR - ior e c~ "5 wC" J aci. '% a. - a; '3 3g..f3cWX w 5 1 ct % - a; a3 H aoi ao q q o3 X '5 ce 3 1o -6 W. 53 , 0a > I "33 i q a m 1= 1 C qa 2j O3 M o -15 Guytun 6,605.00 671.00 1,871.73 46.43 9,194.11 12,000.00 2,105.00 334.00 46 .05 16.06 116.00 150.00 2,767.12 348.25 Stillwell 60.00 60.00 525 .00 25.45 _550.45 2,000.00 18.00 577.95 61.21 64.75 2,731.91 1,588.00 Elbort.. 2,692.30 7,295.60 4 461.14 1,122.54 532 .25 91.89 624.14 1,538.00 577.00 191.74 2,306.74 624.00 2.35 626.35 1,413.50 356.75 142.30 82.53 1,995.08 600.00 18.34 618.34 1,172.50 185.00 119.76 1,477.26 Elberton 180.00 23,097.77 3,365.00 897.58 284.50 1,275.25 176.00 6,121 .89 596.75 35.994.74 First Consolidated- 606.72 1,375.00 740.00 503 .50 236 .25 432.91 37.92 2,918.13 1,014.17 259.37 50.40 309.77 680.00 225.00 378.76 1,283.76 66.41 66.41 995 .00 325 .00 157.51 1,477.51 C3 425.00 797.41 30.29 200.00 39.82 455.29 1,037.23 Locust Tree 42,03 564.75 435.00 304.00 108.00 105.78 44.20 916.56 587.20 1,015.(0 407 .50 149 .20 1,571.24 984.80 4.74 989.54 1,180.00 217.00 41.00 1,438.00 Oglesby 200.71 418.75 1,592.20 206 .50 478.49 66.17 1,304.45 1,658.37 478 .48 140.00 132.35 "50.83 EroanueL. Evans Belle villp Claxton u ;;. -. 3,158.03 1,586.80 18.12 70.00 74,008.00 5,078.95 2,495.00 10,416.25 2,345.00 1,668.75 725.00 12,355.80 1,644.95 11,983.90 255.00 12.0(1 5.00 793 .38 200.00 55. Z0 1,110.14 764.83 :*;:::::: 56 .05 18,781.01 1,500.00 519.32 4,406.50 334 .78 79.65 4.00 91.01 4,998.90 1,051 .7(1 171.74 362.19 952 .33 2,706.08 735 .00 113,743.93 12,899.12 15,243.28 18,963.97 4,179.61 1.816.45 734 .00 40,000.00 12,000.00 45.000.00 12,000.00 200.00 195.00 4,466.42 685 .00 4,188.00 Fannin 1,573.00 $ 25,090.50 3,471.00 5,680.00 195.00 760.00 38.40 35.00 162.10 80.00 1,189 .00 2,846.67 597.08 850.00 251 .92 29,462.50 6,713.17 6,644.00 3,500.00 5,720.45 150.00 4,676.00 500 .00 3,149.00 Fayette.. Floyd Forayth 2,468.46 3,044.24 2,643.00 937.22 461.00 27,678.48 57,918.50 48,910.60 17,451.19 5,770.00 1,792.64 3,968.25 6,195.00 29.12 491.83 4,397.25 1,928.05 1,200.00 29.00 189.51 49.91 ' 392.75 50.00 1,757.42 1,499.62 9,365.01 900.65 ""129.66 6,553.74 628 .43 200.00 ' 2,944.26 227.94 350 .00 1,305.09 2,690.04 6,054.62 i,086.21 1,700.34 619.50 510.91 38,664.77 88,297.83 68,754.64 19,685.46 10,114.26 36,000.00 100,000.00 28,000.00 564.16 5,072.58 7,378.32 5,590.01 200.00 2.6O0.O0 Itley 43.04 323.65 420.00 1.05 366 .69 1.30 422 .35 Franklin Lavonia Fulton Atlanta ^ College Park East Point 1,996.55 25.00 5,198.00 18,115.75 2,720.00 2,610.00 245.00 787.50 27,894.25 3,145.00 14,450.00 8,945.00 138,315.41 1,437,015.26 17,311.68 30,843.06 102.50 2,744.94 175.00 720 .00 817.00 16,742.46 205,259.32 1,477.32 2,500.00 713 10 100.00 700.87 52.00 12.768.30 2,063,041.88 427.75 76,000.00 233.50 895,834.96 3,750.00 290.39 13.21 215.00 11,663.67 48,634.65 1,015.46 3,250.00 354.61 35.00 2,274.04 1,250.00 134,212.02 6,947.81 284,973.38 2,939.98 250.00 4,357.52 190.50 172.00 40,446.18 602.95 27 .72 410.36 7,056.07 2,525.00 113.13 360.71 1,077.89 34,054.18 4,190.97 18,843.91 11,236.00 325,983.65 5,002,794.19 26,000.32 124,163.53 8,000.00 29.000.00 5,000.00 4,074,000.00 97,000.00 1,600 00 124,000.00 500.00 758 .73 Gilmer EJlijay Glascock Glynn Gordon Sugar Valley Grarly Cairo Calvary Central Chason Elpino Fairview Whigham Pine Park Greene.... Fairview Greensboro Greshamville Liberty Meadow Creek Union Point Veazey White Plains Woodville Gwinnett. Buford... Lawreneeville Habersham Alto Baldwin. Clarkesville Demorest Cornelia - ~5 Habersham Mills Mt. Airy Hall Gainesville Hancock Sparta Haralson Bremen Buchanan Tallapoosa Waco Harris Chipley Hamilton Hart Bowersville Hart well Heard. Henry Houston Byron Ft. Valley Perry Irwin Ocilla. Jackson Commerce Jasper Jeff Davis Hazlehurst Jefferson Jenkins Johnson Jones Lamar Barnesvilie Lanier 1,295.00 17.763.60 6,636.19 740 .45 9,833.95 5,452.40 53,971.88 2,048.56 43,218.12 415.00 2,544.31 37,314.00 2,862.68 12,661.07 2,220.00 1,380.00 875.00 1,615.00 1,320.00 5,845.75 475.00 2,260.12 11,862.60 945.00 11,779.92 1,251.00 1,870.00 970.00 4,883.55 980.00 3,093.36 2,500.00 2,655.00 48,396.95 14,418.35 12,781.75 1,780.66 18,218.22 2,240.00 1,400.00 2,170.00 3,600.00 10,043.88 2,538.75 1,878.99 3,184.14 64,331.24 2,700.00 27,516.59 2,294.33 17,422.00 7,549.98 J .00 18,573.00 3,881.74 6,770.00 15,048..: 2,310.00 23,545.34 5,706.64 2,855.00 2,577.05 32,836.48 3,259.46 3,633.50 1,411.00 2,611.79 2,765.60 14,088.82 20,450.00 41,191.50 20,200.75 1,681.76 3,491 120.00 1,534.00 1,253.71 2,404.44 3,273.28 1,576.' 1,844.68 1,676.90 1,731.25 24,600.00 9,130.00 14,303.85 9,916.12 33,971.04 15,643.92 29,580.87 12,465.00 8,225.00 57,628.00 28,237.83 36,663.85 23,703.26 11,667.75 15,305.00 13,112.50 112.50 1,432.50 13,624.23 844 .50 6,190.00 1,830.00 980 .00 180.00 5,848.25 945.00 370.00 ~~"i66~66 ^3ii".i7 1,530.00 450.00 705.00 280.00 "550.66 50.06 2,028.75 4,472.50 6,199.14 702.00 1,480.00 400.00 T666~.6o 345.00 8,785.37 300.00 175.83 3,060.86 1,710.00 2,669.00 7,383.75 7,130.22 2,242.50 1,317.50 5,584.31 855.00 7,539.86 1,402.00 862.50 10,150.00 2,755.20 3,748.23 5,765.00 2,149.25 900.00 1,555.00 334.21 15,035.84 110.32 111,982.01 2,852.89 1,055.00 829.75 5.35 61.50 123.40 64 .83 140.00 26.80 385.00 9.25 312.87 136.71 393.94 367.00 25.00 5,017.62 34,000.00 3,885.53 50.00 50.00 75".61 150.55 ,523.65 207 .55 337.97 993.87 560.00 149. 35.10 725.43 443 .50 14.2! 1,094.03 2,560.72 21.50 358.00 150.00 1,,183 729 .23 42.1 11,756.41 45.02 12,175.50 5,819.16 3,417.78 480.22 601.45 1,224.68 278.96 1,819.90 1,055.00 137.15 22.32 70.00 509.35 4,915.27 45.00 1,466.35 575.00 ~~25~. 04 228.50 553 .70 819.14 993 .04 3,500.00 3,000.00 60.00 "eoo'.oo 17.10 132.82 760 .31 530.00 125.00 175.00 1,000.00 26.22 700.84 400.00 240.79 491.00 664.88 107.00 24.15 252 .39 175.00 712.33 214.00 650.00 181 .73 4,223.70 19.40 1,290.48 2,000.00 950.00 6.00 593 .34 292.34 486.18 661.92 12.67 169.35 11.56 1.00 25.43 150.00 9.51 300.00 250.00 483.01 2,226 644. 5,003. 15,761 18,086 42 1,372 6,526 129 14 26 399 234 4,760 12 1,084 251 1,485 611.22 "" "676.00 158.66 50,423.40 773.60 2,008.51 ~~"250".66 192 .50 547.39 325.17 858.14 265.39 56.00 1,080.00 4,093.00 6,455.53 833 .26 887.00 116.25 2,518.27 2,219.97 196.00 2,354.03 1,813.23 219.68 3,971.94 402 .83 3,055.94 15,116.75 47,051.38 1,512.21 4,227.00 815.00 47,979.67 897.37 794 .04 6,260.0! 11,192.42 10,980.56 1,005.37 10,565.00 35,513.61 6,753.81 4,855.74 9,759.29 1,248.00 7,304.29 1,410.00 2,635.40 9.00 209 .27 8.00 748.69 119.09 16.66 118.60 118.65 401.05 418.46 70.00 525.00 192.49 100.00 55.: 348.00 3,747.20 63 .00 163.00 158 .00 392 .50 4,804.42 3,817.50 1,248.02 6,446.87 10,170.75 1,122.59 "~925".o0 1,407.43 583 .75 12,250.00 1,343.22 862.00 2,829.67 5^764 22,518.34 22,870.03 17,525.99 207,178.21 1,901.07 69,944.51 457.08 5~827.21 59,699.63 32,062.05 2,349.09 1,499.55 963 .40 2,137.56 1,629.64 10,986.74 667.05 ,682.52 23,000.49 1,223.32 15,400.90 1,277.35 2,484 1,264.71 6,258.71 1,347.00 320.00 4,429.36 2,658.66 2^655.15 112,944.67 22,669.23 49,804.14 736.47 25,843.38 2,540.00 1,642 .50 4,159.1 4,000.78 11,798.57 3,084.14 2,011.27 1,855.58 82,112.55 39,694.34 729 .30 39,028.83 357 .58 10,436.69 1,132.50 24,802.50 4,397.99 9,438.16 20,668.54 284.76 3,17! 334 .33 57,756.67 7,819.87 3,250.51 819.: 42,758.56 52.00 3,752.66 30.62 22,890.36 24,705.00 2,523.50 76,368.19 1,611.41 96,406.10 312.61 2,558.65 1,600.00 31,000.00 10,745.00 451.62 69,164.34 13,134.02 1,092.01 46,019.51 39 .455 .15 879.41 54,092.73 514.44 39,470.50 240.00 24,877 2,078.00 103,194.60 1,864.22 76,411.14 2,230.00 53,583.93 1,179.87 38,267.38 652 .31 29,959.85 17,553.00 495.05 30,954.06 15,000.00 10,000.00 63,500.00 3,469.00 "^695.93 "oiooo'.oo 20.000 .00 3,600.00 1,000.00 4,000.00 4,000.00 15,000.00 6,400.00 15.000.00 35,000.00 1,050.00 5,921 .00 300.00 73.10 "200.66 14,000.00 7,021.13 14,000.00 13,997.39 15,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00 96,000.00 17,075.00 18,000.00 78,500.00 12,000.00 100,000.00 20,000.00 1,748.00 1,094.00 3,594.84 509.50 166.17 1,687.65 2,500.00 300.00 ~35~688~59 21,745.50 21.407.33 50.00 550.00 4,000.00 10,000.00 1,559.81 6,782.05 2,500.00 25,143.18 3,500.00 2,000.00 16,612.82 2,300.00 6,072.38 14,424.75 1 I Laureiia Cadwell Dublin Rentz Lee. Liberty Lincoln Macon Cut Off Garden Valley Ideal Montezuma Oglethorpe Meriwether |JV "" Vcgv a 'Saa OQ cS O *> B .2x3 a 1 > Ss S3 S gPQ i CO 25 2,559.71 77,740.13 8,950.32 1,200.00 2,475.00 3,675.00 36,395.00 3,560.00 24.00 2,286.00 2,315.29 15,896.75 5,198.15 1,395.67 10,899.00 4,139.12 _. 993.68 11,207.50 4.282.55 5,117.40 50.00 1,165.50 4,281.25 1,194.75 3,978.33 325.00 1,926.00 25,383.75 5,938.50 4,070.00 4,000.00 44,218.95 7,840.00 837.15 11,795.25 595.00 1,841.00 18,518.00 5,065.00 6.00 330.00 3,655.00 557 .50 11,460.00 1,131.50 350.00 840.00 2,215.45 10,313.75 4,324.54 1,861.00 5,625.00 3,703.46 817.50 150.00 1,345.00 531.50 17.00 1,354.65 270.00 3,455.00 430.00 7,319.97 1,260.00 2,837.50 10,210.00 1,780.00 76.60 3,778.75 525.00 992.50 150.00 2,319.59 44,218.57 2,612.00 1,502.21 13,453.49 2,500.00 6,215.00 755.00 2,570.05 6,332.47 2,616.76 617.50 202.50 1,875.80 270.00 40.00 3,850.00 480.00 17,770.54 1,784.50 71.00 1,067.50 287.50 4,679.77 475.87 5,208.35 675 .25 27.27 1,125.25 222.50 1,234.63 212.50 1,632.50 362.90 3,815.00 360.00 866.45 213.75 1,274.00 340.00 18.76 1,259.50 162.00 2,105.00 400.00 8,310.00 720.00 1,271.25 111.75 1,928.06 22,017.40 2,807.50 1,021.50 12,777.04 450.00 5,551.33 3,072.58 43,702.45 6,346.75 120.00 11,003.66 1,125.00 15,628.99 2,619.50 i i (3 I a &a '3 1,705.25 100.00 175.00 85.29 165.00 39.16 622.68 913.06 96.89 4,392.89 914.11 285.00 250.58 34.50 59.85 11.00 6.55 6.00 328.00 87.60 55.09 6.10 2.380.00 88.24 1,411.00 11.90 600.00 38 .39 156.14 25.00 83.21 423 .80 11.55 52.48 9.72 112.00 23.14 25.70 17.52 1,308.15 165.07 43.25 903 .57 16.18 Pa b 1s -aaa a _p '3 150.00 23.00 3.70 2,069.80 96.00 133.00 10.17 297.37 5.57 110.30 8.40 1,100.00 f'JA a S '32* 2,276.95 100.00 19.50 546.15 26.86 722.18 14.25 1,006.75 140.35 64.75 200.00 1,045.27 640.17 160.00 284.19 167.75 1,100.00 75.00 41.35 302.20 75.00 77.36 72.00 17.82 37.06 13.50 13.18 146.11 701.90 680.36 54.20 d & I a a 0, '3 DH 93.00 11.75 136.21 10.00 500.00 27.00 29.31 i 12.65 16.75 15.00 31.95 127.91 E'S a Ig-s SSiS Ijg5 1 S ~8_O-pl. w 18,98755..6 )) 175.2 i 538,,291760909...0471 i)) 3,476.7 3,042.3 1,359.6 ) ) 125.6 ! 17,953.9 1 160.7 28,748.2 3 9,244.1 5 450.0 ) 149.9 9 7,311.3 1 16.3 3 23,647.5 5 13.989 .9 1 69.5 3 71.8 7 31.5 D 420.0 0 2,984.0 9 9,312.1 D ) 402.8 D 50.2 3,365.9 3 18,239.2 6 4,808.4 i 432.0 D 59.9 75.9 3) 538.7 2 4,899.3 6 60.0 D 160.0 D 532.7 1 103.2 7 28.9 D 146.8 3 189.9 8 22.0 0 68.1 5 25.2 4 637.6 4 67.3 7 742.7 7 580.4 4 2,572.0 8 1,453.0 7 4,030.0 0 1,181.9 3 2% am $aO 'aSIhS1 ai--li la) a P. 3 * & I 1o 1 10,547.20 610.00 312.15 185.25 43.88 15.00 _ 6,437.18 3,109.43 1,280.02 1,087.10 431.00 5,492.86 750.00 230.00 730.00 195.00 289.40 375.00 141.03 4,093.20 1,008.00 100.00 210.00 5,360.00 314.40 1.05 580.45 2,685.78 320.29 13.33 68.97 37.76 20.00 8.41 62.00 81.30 _ 30.00 2,134.25 321.15 4,377.20 *4 5 ea 1 1c 2,452.22 360.00 1,993.28 591.23 578.12 260.46 4,597.45 1,240.04 289.75 431.00 492.80 1,607.91 1,097.41 74.00 710.38 1,778.74 381.57 52.57 2,870.00 399.69 39.95 1 ,065.80 i H 125,217.47 1,475.00 2,650.22 47,844.48 2,789.50 90,895.73 24,438.35 21,777.79 7,872.05 8,003.31 4,859.99 63,212.36 4,327.62 92,971.77 23,784.07 27,565.00 566.00 4,805.57 752 .50 21,571.45 366.30 840.00 47,691.83 27.295.7S 1,043.55 2,048.37 1,889.15 4,305.00 12,660.97 30,251.90 5,005.99 1,198.80 57,286.89 40,247.72 14,182.78 12,324.14 892.88 2,895.80 4,988.46 24,912.74 1,617.55 5,398.85 7,113.49 1,536.00 1,548.03 2,214.21 4,392.52 1,102.25 1,784.15 1,534.11 2,580.50 12,644.64 1,481.07 31,129.24 15,393.74 8,908.51 63,054.88 16,278.66 19,787.92 i0a 3-g Xa ) -maoa 56,000.00 102,700.00 5,000.00 136,500.00 17,000.00 125,000.00 100.00 7,000.00 703.00 98,000.00 30,000.00 1,000.00 50.000.00 22,000.00 25,500.00 39,000.00 23,000.00 I-6 a a zIo H 1"Ba at s 45,370.90 275.00 27,777.43 3,768.26 25.00 2,181.25 2,848.38 48,000.00 21,500.00 54,075.00 1,621.32 700.00 5,550.00 41,000.40 ~ "5^606 "66 69.50 589.00 900.00 4,000.00 28,851.52 3,000.00 170 00 100.00 1,649.00 215.80 2,000.00 468.5C 323.78 3,000.00 _ -L Monroe . Montgomery ,. Morgan Madison _ Murray Casey Springs.. Chatsworth Cisco Eton Ramhurst Spring Place... Muscogee Columbus Newton Covington Oconee Bishop Eastville Farmington High Shoals Ida Carithers Mars Hill Omer Pine Grove.. Union Chapel Watkinsvilie Oglethopre Arnoldsville Bairdstown. Bethesda Chapel Comele.., Crawford... Enterprise CO Glades- Maxeys Meson Prospect Rose Hill... Sandy Cross Stephens..i Union.- Vesta- Woodstock Paulding Pickens Jasper Marble City Nelson Pierce Blackshear Pike Polk Benedict Cedartown Fish Creek Lake Creek Mt. Home.. Rockmart Pulaski Hawkinsville Putnam Eatonton Quitman Rabun Clayton Randolph Richmond Rockdale... Conyers Schley 017.20 687.44 715.05 363.35 "64".50 3T.39 ,534.76 .,312.00 :,411.21 1,156.97 36,790.89 20,372.24 25,509.75 6,855.00 10,129.36 975.00 2,815.00 883.65 3,273.29 1,557.89 5,595.00 50,297.00 189,396.70 28,930.46 14,870.00 6,131.75 20.72 l7960~-13 1,250.00 1,710.00 1,100.00 787.50 500.00 455.00 1,721.64 1,469.00 2,199.29 28.00 1,924.59 2,640.09 ~3J225".O0 1,982.62 2,670.00 2,302.51 2,200.00 981.57 1,264.1 ~2^292~.fl9 15,472.79 1,075.76 1,800.00 1,205.40 3o6~.6o 6,711.25 7,887.50 2,641.41 707 .50 440.00 660.00 598.58 4,670.00 773.00 1,610.00 1,110.00 3,863.00 500.00 510.00 1,375.50 1,525.00 925.00 773.00 720.00 28,239.10 28,523.00 2,984.00 2,925.00 7,712.50 18,160.25 11,019.12 31,987.10 17,535.25 3,026.96 28,327.26 1,284.50 1,275.00 800.00 3,431.7 8,975.0 22,882.00 18,892.74 6,274.16 5,944.30 14,744.50 5,775.00 39,880.54 361,996.15 16,201.63 9,495.00 14,246.24 10,935.00 4,195.98 4,845.63 2,250.00 700.00 5,755.25 24,735.00 6,278.53 1,665.00 3,138.50 5,8775.25 1,947.48 2,000.00 """6~12".56 1,905.00 675.00 5,127.25 3,154.50 306.00 2,280.00 206.50 180.00 548.25 2,466.37 2,200.00 2,568.50 1,755.00 1,724.75 450 .00 11,442.04 40,385.48 1,892.85 1,125.00 3,278.55 940.161 213.201 20.74 138.10 1,455.50 ~9;469".54 """lo".40 16.80 20.00 4,689.97 3,531 1,875.81 899.91 698 .60 85.65 7.65 151.11 26.94 73.57 9.10 20.00 36.05 "58".55 ""875 "25~.6o 40.50 1,300.00 75.00 622.95 10,000.00 62.24 883.13 1,,300.00 887.20 214.54 1, 99.35 5.80 3.00 116.61 1,000.00 1,047.48 500.00 3.75 305.00 1,067.94 1,296.90 925.00 1,054.37 41,222.69 979.76 500.00 40.86 80.50 293.12 534 .00 1,508.28 ~"~204".30 882 .87 216.07 82~80 24.00 19.27 28.44 "T.40 59,859.46 8,638.86 329.58 1,111.25 2,244.95 4,880 34 318 121 1,583 8,863 13,381 2,815 1,661 600 588.60 60.26 86.67 209 .63 8.20 20.00 173.05 224.84 2,095.32 667 .57 347.15 70.00 """168.44 7.70 16~85 2,485.00 15.62 2,647.88 3,213.67 "io'.oo .,500.76 516.64 305 .56 "523"54 ""18". 71 91.24 768".13 ~513".81 120,028.49 35,659.98 36,527.74 10,620.05 16,709.82 1,509.00 18,656.35 918.05 3,913.45 1,696.21 7,281.73 76,861.39 240,334.71 47,176.45 19,443.95 12,368.90 """2;i2i".57 1,846.30 1,855.91 1,260.33 997.13 660.71 481.94 167.15 100.00 1,490.04 1,500.00 68 .59 11.00 23.92 90.00 11.94 551.27 6,759.32 3.00 115.35 ..25.13 8.28 10.75 "l8~66 419.41 300.00 50.00 "i9i"io 485.72 65.00 700.00 2,650.59 3.75 1,000.00 6.50 190.78 34.73 250.00 100.00 651.51 8.00 11,506.38 1,925.21 305.38 30.00 175.00 19.50 50.00 78.21 658.40 T.i 75.00 54.84 i5".0O ""^263 2,850.00 75.00 4.00 1,229. 16,996.19 5,749.56 1,425.00 3,024.92 224.20 4,572.36 172.76 148.47 95.68 2,735.17 6,517.04 2,158.00 227 .30 1,400.00 643 .70 236.50 410.44 5,253.43 99,738.86 2,282... 1,602.40 4,601.00 50.00 740.00 21.00 180.00 95.00 100.00 230.00 407 .21 ,571.05 121.00 150.00 47.50 1,547.35 ~1,159". 10 1,995.74 909.00 6,267.69 15,117 " 193.37 881.65 200.00 930.00 25.00 853 .22 419.39 191.83 605.99 .890.62 125.00 661 .90 1,032.81 " "355".84 111.85 277.44 816.05 2,247.97 160.71 800.00 1.528.92 379".82 8.368.44 18,343.78 2,710.00 745.00 463.92 660.00 598.58 4.960.35 817.63 1,680.00 1,388.21 5,495.73 500.00 576.53 1,450.50 1,611.59 935 .75 813.00 778.50 40,494.83 37,831.39 3,184.00 3,551.95 19,745.76 41,356.04 18,632.64 44,459.03 28,216.44 3,771.70 42,474.56 1,669.56 1,621.47 1,012.29 8,549.09 23,617.06 31,410.00 24,457.14 12,354.94 11,417.84 18,520.14 7,210.44 68,625.10 610,943.76 23,216.14 15,002.40 25,105.51 32 .500.00 50,000.00 750.00 3,000.00 29,000.00 150,000.00 1,414.04 """i2i". 77 1,945.00 "3|390"50 30,000.00 685.00 973.15 12,000.00 70.00 2,500.00 2,000.00 6,000.00 40,000.00 155.00 1,885.20 1,200.00 3,353.19 610.00 304 .67 100,000.00 23,000.00 27,000.00 5,385.85 18,923.29 25,000X0 82,000.00 40,000.00 17,250.00 16,000.00 1,090.00 40.28 900.00 800.00 1,700.00 10,000.00 1,800.00 ^^^B 6 p^ $-5 ^o >* H K P O O -uaaa 3 .5 I & .1 pT3 4 S3 Eo.pql aj IS a: gs is .-3 1 S s o aa) ft CS PS 3 s s> a 05 d .1 > a! Gj & W Go , do 55 55 Pi P aa Is "a3* 42 41 22 21 2 2 ... 1 1 1 1 1 ._. 1 ._. 1 6 251 E C B B 6 2 295 D C C C 22 217 DCB 3 1 129 B E A C 100 ED D 131 E DD 75 E CD 60 E DD 24__,,_ D D D 41. E D D 49- E D D 2 26.... C D D 38 EEE 44 E DD 42 CDD 45 45 36 9 39 6 18 2 1,522. D--D+D+ GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS Ago Grade Retardation Grade I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total 460 178 173 194 158 99 92 57 46 39 1ST" Number Accelerated NumberNormal 122 12 4 9 4 4 4 1 2 3 1 277 73 49 61 54 30 36 30 22 21 7 Number Retarded <7Arrelerated 161 93 120 124 100 65 52 26 22 15 10 5725244248b ^Norrnll 60 41 28 31 34 30 39 53 48 54 39 ^EetSded 35 52 70 64 64 66 57 45 48 38 55 SlnlS:::::::::::::::::::::: 7.4 9.1 10.9 n.4 12.8 .4 u.4 14.9 15.4 16.7 18.2 Med. Retardation 0-4 1.1 1.9 1.4 1.8 1.4 1.4 0.9 0.4 0.7 1.2 1,514 bb 660 788 4 44 52 REPORT OF TREUTLEN COUNTY SURVEY BY M. L. Duggan. Treutlen is one of the new counties, and inherited present school conditions. However, these conditions have been greatly improved upon, and in places the progress equals that accomplished in older CUntSome instances of consolidation have proven very successful, and will later show teaching results WhlC\^1neVschooTbuilcUngs erected at these consolidated schools are according to approved plans, and ^^Fmem hSndreddand twenty-two of the seventeen hundred and twenty-three white children of the county are enrolled in the public schools, which shows a good public demand for education. Thirty^sfx of the frty-five teachers hold first grade certificate , while thirty-nine of then have had "more than two years" experience. This is a fine showing as compared with many other Georgia.counties The Age-Grade retardation of the pupils is rather serious, going as high as fifty-two per cent. With a continued vigorous administration and further consolidations this per cent will soon show very consider- aWe "* n^oAhe schools are operated less than six months, and no one-teacher school is allowed to at- temPVroLhtableSsCpubhIhedit will be seen that generally the teachers remain more than "just one year" at their schools in this county. Population TOOMBS COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates 1920 1910 1918 1923 White 10,068 7,793 Colored 3,828 3,411 Total 13,896 11,204 6-18 Years 4,424 3,465 Attending School 3,144 2,045 Over 10 Years 1,146 1,675 16-20 Years 126 252 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. I Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 3,207 3,350 Colored 1,174 1,376 Total 4,381 4,726 White 56 63 Colored 57 112 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Per Cent 11.8 21.6 Total 113 175 Personal $1,167,140 Land $3,210,791 Corporation $424,362 Polls $2,298 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF TOOMBS COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, Feb. 1924. SCHOOL Lyons Vidalia Johnson's Corner Yancy Marvin Ohoopee Parker Union Aimwell Blue Ridge Cedar Crossing Center English Eddy Marietta Normantown UnionHill Bilran Bloomingdale Hughes Chapel Little Creek McLeod Oak Dale Open Creek Mt. Moriah Sharp's Chapel South Thompson.. _ __ WaxHill Williamson Chapel Zaidee d >> A oS 0) too S*co & 2, Co CO =1 K) to 55 go pq 9 8,325 12 11 9 9 9 15,505 16 11 17 17 6 2,940 6 10 7 7 6 1,860 48 6 1,230 6 680 6 170 6 945 6 720 6 720 6 720 6 840 6 840 6 840 6 630 6 690+ 6 360 6 360 6 360 6 270 6 360+ 6 270 6 360 6 270 6 450 6 270 6 450+ 6 360 6 300 15 2 53 4 3 13 21 3 11 2 __ 1 2 __ 2 .. 2 __ 1 1 __ 1 __ 3 16 187 B B B B 2 18 486 A B B A 149 E E A c 159___. E D 1) 3 116.... E D 0 3 4 _. 120.__. E D D 36 97-__. E D D 3 103___. E D E 2 2 _. 55.-.. D D D 1 69_... E D D . 57.... E D E 1 92 E ED 47 EE 117 EDD 2 48 DEE 10 69 C ED 29 ED E 52 ED E 22 EEE 38 ED E 24 CD E 41 E 7 ... 32 E 2 ... 19__ E 2 ... 53 ED E 41 EEE 34 EEE 32 ED E 31 DDD Total 6+$ 42,865 74 .___ 76 64 12 57 19 43 46 38 2,399.... D D D Age-Grade Retardation Grade ~~ Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation I II III IV VI VII VIII IX 589 302 316 325 221 236 173 29 5 10 7 2 7 2 358 147 137 122 74 86 65 202 150 169 196 145 143 106 5 2 3.2 1 3 1 61 48 43 38 34 37 38 34 50 54 60 65 60 61 7.4 8.9 10.2 11.5 13.0 13.4 14.7 0.4 0.9 1.2 1.5 2.0 1.4 1.7 sT~ 61 42 36 32 41 27 54 44 52 51 44 15.0 15.7 1.0 0.7 XI 46 25 3_ 32 22 11 3 6. 70 24 12 16.4 17.4_ 0.4 0.4. Total 2,375 71 1,111 1,193 3 47 50 REPORT ON TOOMBS COUNTY SURVEY BY M. L. Duggan. Very gratifying progress has been accomplished at a few places in Toombs County, and the increased efficiency of these few schools will in time influence other sections of the county. However, the public school system in this county as a whole has not functioned well. It is only necessary to call attention to a few significant situations to fully attest the above statement. Of the 76 teachers in the county more than half are serving their present schools for the first term. Of the 3,350 white children in the county less than 2,400 of them have been enrolled in the schools during the current year, while the average attendance has been discouragingly low. Half of the pupils in the schools are over age for their grades, and fully one-third of those in the first grades are more than seven years old. Besides the few exceptions noted above the buildings and grounds are generally unattractive and inadequate and the sanitary conditions hazardous. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS > Population APPLING COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates 1920 1910 White 8,272 9,455 Colored 2,312 2,863 Total 10,584 12,318 6-18 Years 3,515 3,825 Attending School 2,507 1,972 Over 10 Years 623 1,382 16-20 Years 61 178 Per Cent 8.6 16.6 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 2,635 1923 2,985 664 840 3,299 3,825 78 24 35 27 113 51 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal Land Corporation Polls \ $831,875 $2,925,229 $513,915 Age-Grade Retardation $1,604 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation I III IV VI VII VIII IX 5^ 1 329 180 3 TM 34 b-' 228 240 37 94 107 131 126 13 41 45 58 52 9.3 10 1.3 1 256 4 103 149 2 40 58 2 11 21 247 8 82. 157 3 33 64 5 12 51 204 111 23 54 26 148 82 13 26 23 73 74 6 14.4 15 6 2.4 2 4 4 39 1 16 22 3 41 56 15.3 1.3 17 2 14 1 12 82 6 14. X XI Total 17 1. 9 7. 6. 53 100 41 . 16.2 17.6- 0.2 1,891 50 838 1,003 3 44 53 v. GEORGIA. STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF APPLING COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, Feb. 1924. SCHOOL Baxley_. Dyal Graham Lily Long Branch Marquis Midway Prentiss. Bishop Boaz Buckhorn Chapel Coleman Corinth Doves Dukes Grant Griffis Hamilton Leroy Hopewell Memorial Meridian Moody Mt. Vernon Myra New Home Pine Grove Red Oak RockyHead Satilla Spring Branch Spring Head Sweet Water WValker r3as Total/?11* a "3 CO 9$ 7,895 5 675 5 675 5 600 5 750 5 725 5 625 5 1,120 5 325 5 350 5 325 5 375 5 425 5 375 5 300 5 325 5 375 5 325 5 500 5 375 5 325 5 250 5 375 5 325 5 250 5 325 5 325 5 425 5 450 5 450 5 375 5 200 5 325 5 325 5 300 5+$ 22,465 a] 60 TM im CO to 12 11 10 10 27 28 17 18 28 17 27 16 17 17 27 17 17 17 15 16 17 17 15 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 27 17 16 18 16 16 16 15 Co t 18 P. 1 ?. 12 12 11 1 1 1 1 1 .... 1 1 11 1 11 --- 1 11 11 1 1 1 1 1 ---- 1 1 ---- 1 1 1 2 274 C C B li 88 D E D D 92 EDO 4 2 i 85 82 E ED E ED 4 56 CDD 1 1 38 D ED 4 84 C E C C 23 EDD 27 D ED 27 A ED 42 EDD 66.... E D D 30.... C D D 29 EEE 30._._ B C D 45___. D D D 48___. E D D 2 ---- 53 36 EDD DDD 34.... E D D 30.... E D D 72.... D D D 32 E ED 54__._ E D D 31 E ED 56 ED E 44 EDD 38 EDD 90 E ED 65.... E D D 23 EEE 35.... E E E 54____ E D E 13 DD 52 51 28 23 42 9 40 19 2 1,925... D--D--D- REPORT ON APPLING COUNTY SURVEY BY -- M. L. Duggan. The length of tr-he school year in the rural schools of Appling County is below the minimum legal requirements. There are more "lit tie schools" in this county than the Georgia school law allows. (The minimum school district under Geort.<;ia School Law is sixteen square miles.) Less than two thirds oi " the children of school age were enrolled in the many schools during the current school year. Fifty-three per cent of the p.%upils enrolled are over age for their grades, and thirty-four per cent of those entering the first grades are C iver seven years old. Twenty-eight of the thirty-six schools are one-teacher schools, and twenty-four of these are serving their present schools for their first term. ns. Too frequent changes for any constructive work. Twentythree of these teachers have low grade certificates. The above cited significant facts suggest the educational results that may reasonably be expected. K y c. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS EMANUEL COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending School Over 10 Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 1910 14,911 15,150 10,951 9,990 25,862 25,140 8,432 8,014 6,556 4,841 2,454 4,100 295 487 13.5 23.9 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 1923 5,015 5,056 3,866 3,582 8,881 8,638 78 38 325 103 403 141 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. n Personal Land Corporation Polls $1,365,081 $3,986,744 $957,020 Age-Grade Retardation $3,596 Grade II III IV VI VII VIII IX XI XII Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation 1.212 59 792 361 5 65 30 6-1 563 24 276 263 4 49 47 3 u-d 516 22 220 274 4 43 53 10.0 1.0 500 19 195 286 4 39 57 11.5 1.5 435 24 158 253 6 36 58 12.4 1.4 354 16 151 187 5 42 53 13.2 1.2 367 8 143 216 2 39 59 14.5 1.5 229 17 97 115 7 42 51 15.0 1.0 1515 84 62 3 56 41 15.7 0-7 96 7 61 28 7 64 21 16.2 0.3 67 4 44 19 6 66 28 17.5 0.5 7 1 6 14 86 17.8. 4,497 206 2,227 2,063 5 49 56 1 CQ 0 a h 01 >> > AJ S3 >> 03 03 35M 3s z M oW oO PH fc cq 4 211 D+ E C 41 148 .... E D 4 93 E+ E C 36 99 .... D D 3 14 140 E+ E C 1 88 E+ E D D 96. E D C 87 C D D C 78. D D E 60. E D E 1 ... 43. E C D 4 ... 95 ECC 7 ... 77. E E D 34. E C C 15. E D E 1 .... 34. E D-- E 3 ... 41. E C D 34. C D E 30. E D C 3 .... 33. E D E 41. E D D ... 2 .... 26. E E D 1 1 .... 26. E D E 10 1 7 691. C B D DD 79 78 62 12 46 32 43 55 21 2,320. E+ C-- D GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 15 RECORD OF STEPHENS COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation Grade Total Number Accelerated. Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal ^Retarded" Median Age" ~" Med. Retardation"-"-" I II HI IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI 541 296 304 291 209 192 1(59 143 87 44 41 25 8 73 5 4 4 23 297 114 129 88 66 59 51 47 28 20 20 219 174 168 200 138 129 114 94 56 24 21 4 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 3. 53 38 42 30 31 30 30 33 32 45 49 43 60 56 69 67 68 68 66 65 55 51 7.5 9.4 10.2 11.7 12.7 14.1 14.6 15.7 16.6 17.2 18.0 0-5 1.4 1.8 1.7 1.7 2.1 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.2 1.0 Total 2,317 61 919 1,337 2 39 59 REPORT ON SURVEY OF STEPHENS COUNTY By I. S. Smith. Recommendations: 1. There is urgent need for more constructive and active supervision. I do not believe the County Board of Education could make a wiser move than to arrange for the incoming Superintendent to go to some summer school and put him actively on the job as Superintendent for the entire year on a salary that would enable him to give his entire time and attention to the schools of the county. 2. There should be much consolidation of, at least, the high school work. There are too many schools attempting to do high school work, thereby taking too much time of the limited teaching force from the children in the lower grades. By consolidating the high school work much time and effort could be saved by the pupils and teachers at a reduced cost to the county. 3. In some sections schools are too close together to warrant a good school at any of the places. The best interests of the children in these places demand the consolidation of all the schools. 4. A more prompt payment of the teachers is imperative. BURKE COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent !. 1920 1910 6,060 4,805 24,775 22,462 30,835 27,267 9,249 8,290 6,874 4,358 6,622 6,295 768 596 28.8 32 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,639 1923 1,718 Personal Colored Total White 8,368 10,007 15 7,230 8,948 17 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 542 502 Total 557 519 Polls $1,985,015 $6,393,659 $815,853 $4,116 16 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF BURKE COUNTY BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor. SCHOOL *Waynesboro SardisHigh Midville Vidette-Rosier Girard Alexander Keysville Cleveland Rockville St. Clair Carswell Cullen Green's Cut Gresham Knight McBean Mobley Oak Grove Telfair Total w a H CQ 9 $17,950 9 8,210 9 6,780 9 6,635 9 5,960 9 2,250 9 2,115 9 1,575 9 1,215 9 1,215 9 540 9 540 9 540 9 540 9 540 9 540 9 540 9 540 9 540 H 0 qH w ,Q J3 GO 3 9 2 a go '3 5 23 182 _ C A A 13 .. 568 _ A A A 5 3 176 D+ A A B 2 6 165 C A A 6 2 281 DAB 2 -..-233 . D D 2 ___ 169 C-- C A" B 5 ... 197 .... D A B 1 ... 114 D C B 3 4 115 .... D A C 3 ___ 112 .... E E D 2 ___ 57 .... D D C 1 ... 49 .... E ___ 91 .... C A"B" ___ 51 E-- E E D ... 39 .... E E D ... 79 E-- C B C ... 37 .... A E E ... 31 .... C E D ___ 44 .... A D C ___ 12 .... A D E ___ 28 .... E E D ... 16 .... D E E 56 38 54 30 38 2,846 C-- O C- 18 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS DECATUR COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation Grade XT Tv?taV Number Accelerates Number Normal Number Retarded ^Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation I H HI IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 549 283 360 347 330 258 238 186 119 104 63 2^836 49 18 39 29 37 18 10 13 11 10 4 238 389 169 209 183 144 118 101 57 59 55 37 1521 ill 95 112 135 149 122 127 116 49 39 22 1 077 8 6 10 8 11 7 4 7 9 10 6 '8 66 59 58 52 43 42 43 30 49 53 58 54 26 35 32 40 46 51 53 63 42 37 36 38 6-8 8-3 9-2 10.6 11.8 12.8 14.1 15.5 15.6 16.5 17.5 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.5 0.6 0.5 0.5.__"_"""""" REPORT ON SURVEY OF DECATUR COUNTY BY E. A. Pound. Decatur county has made marked educational progress during the past two years. It deserves much credit for what it has done in the matter of consolidation and is to be commended for the following improvements : 1. The development of twelve consolidated schools. 2. The erection of rural schools, twelve of them costing $225,000. 3. The offering of eight months schooling to the average pupil of the county in the 17 districts having local tax. In some schools nine months is offered. Only in the colored schools and in those few schools that have no local tax to support them is a six months term offered. 4. The rule of the Board of Education requiring that all white teachers of the county have a first grade license before they can teach. No teacher is permitted to teach a grade above that represented by her license. This is quite in contrast to some counties where many of the licenses are third grade. This county comes much nearer than the average county in offering to the rural child an equality of educational opportunity. It has a junior high school in reach of every child in the county. The seemingly large number of senior high schools is to be accounted for on account of the geography of the county, divided as it is by the Mint River. A greater number of boys and girls are in attendance upon the high schools than ever before, and as the consolidated schools improve below the high school grades, greater and greater numbers will be found in attendance upon the senior high schools. There are in the county 32 colored schools. As in many other counties, the maj ority of the buildings are not school buildings but churches, or else buildings owned by private parties. This county should develop at least one Rosenwald school for the colored people. The following recommendations are made: 1. Further consolidations until the few one and two-teacher schools are eliminated, and the county has an entire system of consolidated schools all co-ordinated and all giving an adequate length of term. 2. The attendance of all teachers of little experience, and some of those that have more experience, upon good summer schools. 3. The educational conscience of the people of this County has been developed, but a continuous campaign along this line is recommended. 4. The erection of a few good buildings for the colored people. 5. The adoption of a local tax by every district of the county. Bainbridge. Bainbridge has one of the best school systems in the state. The newly erected building is almost ideal as a high school structure. The City Board is now contemplating the addition of $4,000 worth of equipment to the laboratory. This school has a magnificent athletic field of 14 acres within a short distance of the school. The discipline of the school is fine. There is freedom without restraint. Tlie spirit of the student body is excellent. All in all, Bainbridge and Decatur County are making wonderful educat'-,nal strides. If the plans m the minds of the respective superintendents are effected this county wUl scon prove itself to be one of the most advanced, educationally, of the counties of the state. ft GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 19 GRADY COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years School Years Years 1920 12,952 7,354 20,306 6,520 3,973 2,771 287 19.2 1910 11,054 7,403 18,457 5,763 3,570 2,797 316 22.1 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 3,892 1923 4,190 Personal Colored Total White 2,652 6,544 40 2,646 6,836 16 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 213 97 Total 253 113 0 Polls $1,249,358 $3,173,608 $392,499 Age-Grade Retardation $3,284 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation I II III IV VI VII VIII IX XI 628 385 395 395 349 253 241 147 105 72 24 18 23 19 12 28 7 9625 403 199 179 167 147 99 69 52 47 16 207 163 197 216 174 147 134 69 47 23 3 2 6 4 3 8 2 3 6 5 2 20 64 51 45 42 42 35 41 47 49 65 66 34 43 51 55 50 63 56 47 46 33 14 7.2 8.7 9.9 11.2 11.9 13.3 14.2 14.8 15.7 16.4 16. 0.2 0.7 0.9 1.2 0.9 1.3 1.2 0.8 0.7 0.4 Total 2,994 137 1,477 1,380 4 49 47 20 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORE OF GRADY COUNTY E. A. Pound, Supervisor. SCHOOL CaO) a H as H oj CO Cairo 9 $ 14,445 Whighom High . 9 5,625 Calvary Elpino _ ._-- - 8 2,120 7 1,260 Fairview . - - - 7 1,400 New Home 7 1,155 Midway Reno. _ - -- 7 875 7 1,190 Wayside . .. 7 1,190 Chason __ . -.-_-. 7 Eureka -- 7 840 Greenwood --- 7 975 7 945 Oak Grove _ . ._ 7 Oak Hill ... Pawnee ... - 7 770 7 805 Pine Forest - _... 7 910 Pine Hill - -. 7 735 680 Pleasant Hill - -7 770 Providence.. ... - 5 600 Sherwood --- 7 735 Siloam... .. ... 7 700 Spence.. ... - 7 875 Union Academy _ 7 840 Union Springs ._ 7 730 Walker 7 1,015 Woodland 7 945 Bay Pole 7 420 Beachton .. . - 7 455 Boydville - 7 525 Central .. 8 1,380 Golden-Rod . 7 Hawthorne . .. 7 315 Moore 7 385 Pine Summit .. 8 600 Pine Union - 7 420 Pleasant Valley - ._ - -. 7 455 Shady Grove 7 350 Pleasant Grove 7 385 Sunny Side - -7 385 Swamp Creek 7 420 Union Hill 7 420 aoo ft M 03 H w a> X} en o 0<3s H CD a CD o en . ft 5 H uo CD + 6 03 H d +3 P> 0 fc 'A W 03 CO | 'A (M i--1 U3 4J CD P5 a a >>?,, PoI 03 W) US 03 do 'A woua CD <& O '3 i CO a CD a 0u3 O a CD S3 i go tteeaaccnheeri 2. Improvement of appearance of the buildings and grounds and the procurement of needed 3. ImproTCment of the attendance, getting all children enrolled, as well as improvement in the 4. Improvement of the health of the communities through the improvement of the health of the children by teaching children the laws of sanitation, health and hygiene. After studying the situation in this county the following recommendations are made: 1. Improvement of teachers through attendance upon summer institutes, normal schools, etc 2. The selection of teachers with reference to their fitness for the work they are to do. 3. The consolidation of many schools into larger ones. tpacher 4. The elimination of all high school grades from the average rural school and from all one teacner schools. 5. The elimination of nearly all of the one-teacher schools. ^^i^^oritnnrtiliq- A study of the county upon the part of the Board in order to ascertain the placement and dis- tribution of consolidated schools. The development of a better educational consciousness throughi,o,,u,,ttttih,e-ncm ounntty. The approval of teachers by the County Board if they are to be selected by the tru^ees. d 9. The erection of better buildings for both white and colored. Out of the thirty-one colored schools only three are owned by the county board. FANNIN COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 12,015 1910 12,412 12,103 162 12,574 3,819 3,866 3,081 2,121 938 70 11.2 ,857 107 21.6 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. 1918 1923 White 3,868 3,932 Colored Total White 31 3,899 101 25 3,957 21 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored Total 101 22 Personal Land Corporation Polls $349,907 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation $1,740,283 $315,271 $2,345 Age-Grade Retardation I II HI IV VI VII VIII IX 1.070 49 541 480 379 10 113 256 42(5 6 133 287 488 16 125 347 406 11 102 293 297 5 62 230 190 76 3_ 21 26 166 50 58 9 49 42 2 40 4 2 1 50 29 31 46 69 68 7.7 9.7 10.6 0.7 1.7 1.6 3 26 71 12.0 2.0 2 25 73 13.2 2.2 1 21 78 14.4 2.4 2. 11 34 87 66 15.7 15.6 2.7 1.6 15 85 16.9 1.9 5 95 18.4 2 XI 39 31 20 80 18.8 1.8. Total 3,471 100 1,142 2,229 3 32 65 22 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF FANNIN COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor. SCHOOL *McCaysville_ lEpworth. *Blue Ridge """ 9 IMorganton.... " 'g Fry 6 IMineral Bluff '6 Mobile Pan-will Dial... 6 Gravelly Gap TM "g Hot House g Hurst Ritchie ~" 6 ~~~~ "" 3 Alsobrook a Bell "" g Bunker Hill Cooper's Creek Oak Grove Padena Payne Ray Robinson Salem '6 """ ' 6 """ ' g g 1'_ 6 6 4 " g Shady Grove . 'g Star Creek """" 6 Sugar Creek 'g Sugar Hill " 6 Sweet Gum. . "" g Tiney :::::: i Toccoa g Union ~~~~~~~~ 6 Upper Hemptown . " " 6 Upper Jack River. . "6 Wilson. _ '6 Mary P. Willingham"."_" 8 Cutcane g Dunn g Flinthill Forrester Greene Harper Hemptown '_'_ 6 """ g g "*" """ g -------- ^ Hipp's Chapel Jack River Jerusalem Kencaid Lebanon Macedonia Maple Grove Mathis Mt. Moriah Newport-- "~ 6 2 ~_~~~ 6 SJSSS. 6 .//___' 6 ..// _ 6 "~ '6 I 'g 'g g Total Ti-See Report. 6+$ 03 4,540 4,905 3,600 3,260 860 720 800 840 560 530 560 560 410 330 270 240 240 330 345 270 270 330 360 300 270 300 300 300 300 270 300 330 260 255 3,295 300 270 360 300 330 270 310 330 160 270 270 270 250 240 240 300 300 42,380 aa tf + fl to 77 527 2 6 11 6 ... 3 3 4 5954132 1 6 11 47 4 3 3 1 14 2 .... 3 4 2 3 9 2 2 ... 2 3 3 7 6 3 3 1 1 2 2 3 12 1 3 3 7 2 1 1 -..- 2 2 162 22 1 72 2 1 162 2 1 172 112 171 1 10 1 1 1 1 171 171 171 1 1 1 1 1 171 1 1 7 1. 1 1 6 1. 1 1 1 7 1 1. 1 1 7 1 1. 1 1 6 1. 1 1 6 1. 151 1 1 1 1 7 1. 1 1 1 7 1. 1 1 1 8 1 1. 1 1 7 1_ 1 1 6 1_ 161 1 5 1. 1 1 1 1 ... 1 . 1 5 1. ... 1 1 ...6-11 13 1 7 1. 1 7 1 .. 12 1 1 1 1 --- 1 . 1 7 1 1_ 1 1 6 1 1. 1 1 7 1 1. 1 1 1 6 1 .. ... 1 1 1 7 1 -. 1 161 1 6 1 _. 1 7 1 ._ 1 1 1 1 7 1 ._ 1 4 1 -. 1 6 1 _. 1 1 1 7 1 _. 1 7 1 _. 1 7 1 -. 161 1 1 1 fe.2 dO 30 466. ... E E A 175 C E B A 2 251 C E B A 145..... E C D 120- ... E B D 94. ... E C C 118. ... E B D 108 C E C-- D 63. ... E C D 73.... E B D 70. ... E C E 70. ... E 62. ... E C c E E 50. ... E 63. ... E Dc D E 24. ... E E E 39. ... E D E 37. .-. D E E 51. --- E E 32. ... E D E 22. ... E D E 41. ... E C E 54.... E C D 52.... E D E 37 ... E C E 37.... E D E 45..... D D E 28..... E D E 25_.... E D E 34_.... E C E 53..... E D D 64..... E C E 28..... E D E 18..... E C E 16 171..... E A A 23_.... E D E 47..... E D E 56..... E C E 40..... E C E 52_. .. E D E 32.. .. E C E 47.. -. E 0 E 43.. .. E . E 22.. ._ E D E 44_. .. E B-- E 19.. .. E E E 55.. .. D E 51... . E E 22... - E D E 26... - E C D 43... .- E C E 25.... E D D 82 94 44 50 71 23 46 10 18 3,467 0 E+C--E + GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 23 REPORT ON SURVEY OF FANNIN COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard. The schools of Fannin County are usually small. In a large number of instances the schools and church occupy the houses in common, with little more than a meagre equipment for the former. However a few modern school buildings have been erected and furnished with modern desks and blackboards. Some consolidations are contemplated as soon as suitable roads are constructed. Good roads (passable ones) are of primary importance in the development of the schools and the improvement of rural life of this section. Two public highways are now under construction which will be of incalculable value to the economic, church and school life of the county. Morganton school is handling high school work under the auspices of the Baptist denomination, and Epworth school is doing a like work with the supportrof the Methodist denomination. Both are doing good work. Epworth is approaching the qualifications of an accredited high school. Blue Ridge Public School is a local system working for the standing of an accredited school. With these three schools functioning as high schools the youth of the county have opportunities for high school education easily accessible to all. Mineral Bluff is in name a local system, but with the narrow limit of two and one-half mills tax levy, very little can be done of a constructive nature. This school should be transformed into a district system and thus enlarge its resources and usefulness. McCaysville is the Georgia part of Copper Hill Tennessee, and has its own local system, teaching seven grades of work. The high school pupils attend the splendid Copper Hill High School. In addition to the above high schools available for Fannin County pupils, the Mary P. Willingham school for girls, located at Blue Ridge, Georgia, is broadening the high school opportunity for the county. This is a splendid institution fostered by the Baptist denomination. Much improvement in educational spirit has made itself manifest in the county during the last few years. Recommendations: 1. That better and larger schools may be had, public roads should be improved. 2. The school houses should be re-located in many places and combinations made which would not necessarily involve heavy transportation expense. 3. Consolidation of schools would reduce the number of teachers and make possible the employment of a better qualified class of teachers. Observations: The county superintendent is diligent in his supervision but he is greatly hampered by the broken country and impassable roads. The compulsory attendance law is being fairly well enforced, allowing for conditions. The county board of education has a small indebtedness which is being gradually liquidated. Better roads, better school sites, better houses and better teachers will greatly improve the system. BRYAN COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Per Cent Years 1920 1910 3,423 3,365 2,920 3,337 6,343 6,702 2,023 2,005 1,297 987 947 1,045 113 140 20.8 22.4 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,287 1923 1,219 Colored Total White 1,140 2,427 3 2,084 17 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 17 63 Total 20 80 Personal Land Corporation Polls $439,651 $1,182,670 $761,599 $1,029 24 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF BRYAN COUNTY BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor. SCHOOL Pembroke _ Ellabelle Clyde Green Bay Keller Lanier Wayside Bashlar Conoochee Eldora Groveland Kilkenny Middle Ground Rodina Ways Total g I'.'.V." 6 _ _ 5* ~ 5| I _ ~ _ _ 51 '_"__ 51 51 ._ _ 6 ~.~.~~_~ 5* '."'."'. sf " 51 ~ 6" . 6 """" 51 6 a (4 W d W> si 8,300 2,160 690 528 568 623 623 330 300 568 348 313 300 300 330 0d 13 11 10 10 5 10 6 3 3 2 10 2 ... 1 2 72 2 1 2621 2821 2" 2 9 2 2 _. 1 16 16 r__ 26 1 __ 14 1 _. 29 1.. 16 16 17 do 55 4... 344 C C 135 O D 29. ... C 63. ... E 45. ... E 48_ ... E 51. ... C 29. ... E 25. 20. .. E 25 _ .. D 25 _ .. D 38. ._ E 14. .. B 19. .. C go m B C DD DD DD DD CD DD D ED DD CC DD DE DD 16,281 38 34 23 11 20 14 25 18 910 C D D+D + Age-Grade Retardation Grade j n m iv v vi vn vra K x xi Total NumbeA-cceleratedV.::::-------1^ TMe ^ TM6 1 W 7 M* 3" 34 19 Number Normal Number Retarded . ... 86 61 60 55 4 65 44 U 31 RR 29 IA 22 TO 29 I IQ J2 1in8 ""4I" ^~ 3,I86 %Accelerated """"". 7 5 1 5 2 7 J? JS 15 41 %Normal 54 49 30 J a? J JJ 34 21 17 %Retarded Median Age... "" "" 39 75 le go 60 ,,, , 53 ?? n 67 fj ,, m ", 3f . Jf . 2080 f 21 30 79 44 48 Med. Ret^dati0n";::::::::::;; li H "jj ^ *:g 13J xo:l.13;5 'pi xg;l x^:::::;;::;; REPORT ON SURVEY OF BRYAN COUNTY BY I. S. Smith. 4- s^'ssax'iiKsa^^^ GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS BAKER COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children 25 Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending School Over 10 Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 2,684 5,614 8,298 2,695 1,748 2,186 276 36.5 1910 2,255 5,718 7,973 2,542 1,588 2,451 301 43.4 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 838 1923 888 Personal Colored 1,687 1,754 Total White 2,525 15 2,642 14 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 107 90 Land . Corporation Total 122 104 Polls $432,078 SCHOOL Newton Elmodel Patmos PineHill Bethany Milford Hickory Pond Jackson Myrtle Pleasant View Riverside Stevens Twiggs Total Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation $1,155,809 $20,856 RECORD OF BAKER COUNTY BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor. $1,067 A tis. License ntis. 60 0 u a H > aa 03 a aCB c3 N 0 61) BO CD 0 a p-. 4a^ CD 0] a a) M 5cQ OS 0 .-( 53 55 w0 4- CD 03 0 CD CO 03 oaa>s Oflrt sn ?0 Butler Cooley Deep Creek Dewey Rose Evergreen _ Flat Woods Fork Creek Fortsonia Goss Harmony Heardmont Hudson Hulmenille Locust Tree... Mont e\ ideo Rock Branch Ruckersville Smith's Wilhite Antioch Bell Coldwater Dry Fork Holly Springs Indian Hill OakHUl Oglesby Petersburg Savannah Stella Thirteen Forks Gibson-Mercer ato CO o CD o Ta j 3 0 CO S5 CO 9 M f0l> CJ aCO ius a ca H0) , 6 fe M aa + +j CD a >> CD a w a) CD C 0 CD Co O 6W do CO fc a waH 3 CO CO 0 i go n ooB d fc ca aJ H 0 a> aa is 3 6 55 W H + to 01 aa >> a CD ca a >> o 1 4J dW do a N rH 55 55 w 4-> O o X) CO a aCD Ma t-4 a 3 0i 00 ^g2o Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 16,422 1,314 17,736 5,463 3,681 1,098 1910 14,505 1,356 15,861 4,607 3,275 1,335 85 8.7 137 11.9 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. 1918 1923 White 4,761 4,888 Colored Total White 336 5,097 55 419 5,307 55 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 16 Total 63 71 Personal $1,036,605 Grade Total - Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation Land Corporation $3,167,878 $754,054 Age-Grade Retardation Polls $2,640 I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX XI 893 473 547 498 480 350 300 160 49 35 43 5 22 21 14 18 3 4 5 5 5 518 211 215 184 122 95 73 51 35 26 20 332 257 310 293 344 237 224 105 46 18 10 5 14 4 35 1 3 6 10 14 58 45 39 37 25 27 24 32 41 53 57 37 54 57 59 72 68 75 65 53 37 29 7.5 9.2 10.3 11.5 13.1 14.1 15.1 15.8 16.2 16.5 17.3. 0.5 1.2 1.3 1.5 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.2 0.5 0.3_ Total 871 145 550 176 4 40 56 w 12 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF GORDON COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan, Supervisor April 1,1924. SCHOOL a o a M >> 3 3 60 S a 6a a fi a03 3 oo 03 P SS f03ew o3 do S<5 lBO p. 3 nw *Calhoun Sonoraville Fairmont Plainville Resaca Echota HiUCity RedBud Sugar Valley Antioch Audubon Belcher Blackwood Curryville Damascus Fairview Liberty Midway NewTown Oakman Oostanaula Pine Chapel Starr Inst Ranger Printup Pleasant Hill BaughMt Belmont Bobo Cedar Bluff Coosawattee Crane Eater Donaldson Edgewood Forest Hill Lily Pond McDaniel Mitchell Mt. Olive Mt.Zion Oak Grove Pea Ridge Reeves Refuge Roland Hill Ryo Savannah Springhill 9 .2,150 14 11 11 9 2 1 30 510 B C A A . 8 4,400 6 11 6 6 4 3 ... 3 213 D E A C 9 4,275 6 11 6 6 5 3 5 10 217 O C D B 7 2,205 4 10 4 3 1 3 2 159 D E A B 6 1,500 4 9 4 . ... 4 3 2 164 E E D D 8 1,720 2 7 3 13 3 124 D C A D 6 1,200 3 9 3 12 1 ... 3 70 DD 7 1,435 3 9 3 22 2 2 1 117 D E C C 7 1,400 4 9 3 2 3 ... 1 .... 116 E D D 6 630 2 8 2 1 2 ._. 86 E E A C 6 480 2 7 2 . 2 1 1 1 --. 56.__. E D D 6 450 2 8 2 _ 2 1 1 64 E D E 6 570 2 7 2 1 1 1 1 42.__. E D D 6 720 2 7 2 1 1 2 ... 66_... E D B 6 690 2 2 2 . 2 ... 88 E B C 6 720 2 2 .. 11 83 E E D E 6 510 2 2 .. 2 ... 64.... E D D 6 540 2 2 .. 2 ... 81 E D D 6 750 2 21 11 3 ... 72 E D C 7 1,050 2 10 2 1 2 ... 107 E D D 7 945 2 2 2 ... 2 ... 71.... E D C 6 750 3 2 2 ... 2 ... 79 E D C 6 540 2 8 2 1 1 1 1 76 E D c 8 840 2 9 2 .. _. 2 2 ... 68 D D D c 6 570 2 7 2 2 .__ 1 1 82 D E D D 6 510 2 7 2 ... 11 77 E E D c 6 420 2 7 1 1 1 ... 46 E D c 6 240 1 7 1 _.. 1 41 E C D 6 240 1 6 1 ... 1 1 36 E D D 6 330 1 6 1 ... 1 1 36... . E D E 6 270 1 7 1 ... 1 1 50... B E D 6 270 1 6 1 ..... 1 1 38 E E D D 6 270 1 7 1 ..... 1 1 41... E C D 6 240 1 7 1 ..... 1 1 82... C D D 6 240 1 7 1 ..._. 1 ._. 1 23... E E E 6 240 1 7 1 ..... 1 1 30_._ E E E 6 450 2 7 1 1 1 39... .... D C 6 330 1 7 1 1 1 34... E D D 6 270 1 7 1 .. 1 __. 1 29... E D D 6 270 1 6 1 -. 1 1 50... E E E 6 420 2 6 1 1 .... 1 40... B D D 6 270 1 7 1 .... 1 1 42_._ E D D 6 360 2 7 1 1 1 55... D E D 6 240 1 7 1 1 31... C D D 6 270 1 7 1 1 31... E E E 6 270 1 6 1 .... 1 1 . 30... B E E 6 330 1 7 1 1 .. 6 240 1 7 1 .. 30.... E C E 39... E D E ^^^n|^^p^pj GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 13 *Sugar Valley Thomson Timm's Ohapel Union Grove Watsonville RECORD OF GORDON COUNTY (Continued) 7 360 1 9 1 ] l 6 240 1 7 1 ] .l 6 240 1 7 i :. L1 6 240 1 5 l '. L1 6 240 1 7 l . L1 37 E D E 35_... E D D 43 E D D 28 E D E 23.._. E D D Total 6+ $49,380 112 ....104 52 52 77 27 68 43 49 3,931.... E+ D D REPORT ON SURVEY OF GORDON COUNTY. BY M. L. Duggan. Some good constructive work has been accomplished for the public school system of Gordon County- much remains to be done yet. The best arguments to be offered to the citizens of the county in favor of the consolidation of the "little schools" are the several very successful consolidations already effected in the county and a comparison of these with the larger number of inefficient little schools still wasting the taxpayers money and the time and opportunity of their children. The attempt to maintain so many schools impairs the efficiency of all. There are over fifty white schools in the county, averaging one to less than ten square miles territory, while the minimum school district prescribed by Georgia school laws is sixteen square miles. These schools are served by 104 teachers, exactly half of whom hold "unsatisfactory certificates". More than half of them are serving their present schools for the first term, indicating too frequent changes for any constructive work. Of the 4,888 white children of school age only 3,931 were enrolled in the schools during the current year. Fifty-six per cent of the pupils of the county are much over-age for their grades, which shows that they do not begin and continue in schools at their normal ages or else that they are not making normal progress through the grades. If a hearty public sentiment will support the administration in plans for further consolidations the system can be greatly improved. Population CLAYTON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 6,153 5,006 11,159 3,462 2,294 1,181 121 14.3 1910 5,821 4,632 10,453 3,254 2,009 1,349 190 17.9 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,851 1923 1,935 Personal $656,357 Colored Total White 1,558 1,403 3,409 3,338 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land $1,771,647 Corporation $792,189 Colored 76 17 Total 85 19 Polls $1,465 14 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF CLAYTON COUNTY BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor. SCHOOL Jonesboro 1 Forest Park Ellenwood Flat Rock Lovejoy Morrow Mountain View Pine Grove Rex Riverdale Tanners Bethel Bethsaida Fairview Flint River Springs Hebron Howards Mt. Zion Noah's Ark Philadelphia Pleasant Grove Union Total.. Grade Total Number Accelerated. Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med Retardation ma H 03 03 03 9 $ 6,450 8 2.240 7 1.015 8 1.322 9 1,215 9 1,200 9 1,080 7 785 7 1,015 9 1,215 8 840 8 520 7 595 7 455 6 240 7 350 9 585 8 600 7 350 8 680 7 455 7 280 ma o o o 9 11 4 10 29 28 29 27 27 27 28 27 27 17 28 17 17 15 16 27 17 17 18 16 1 09 IB O M + M 033 03 b eg 9 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 211 22 22 1 1 1 ... 1 . ... 1 1 1 _.__ ... 1 . 1 1 ... 1 . >> OS 03 M CG IS.2 03 , a 4J Sofsftt art 5. CpqD HH 4 299 B B B A 5 184 B C C D 1 76_... D E D 3 99 D D E C 1 65 C C C 16 48 D A C 4 73 B D C 62.... E D D 2 5 57 EAD 1 12 4 115--. C D C 1 47 C E D D 27... D D E ._ 5 1 55.__. E E C 4 ___ 41_.__ E D D 4 19 EEE 6 21 D E 9 38____ A C 12 35 BE C 2 23 E DD 10 3 52 CDC 1 1 44 CEE 17 EDE 7+ $ 23,487 44 42 33 9 31 11 24 95 19 1,497. -D+ D C+ Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 306 171 206 193 176 136 140 70 50 32 16 6 6 9 9 8 7 10 5 10 2 8 228 112 116 71 81 63 50 40 32 25 8 72 53 81 113 87 66 80 25 8 5 2 3 4 4 4 57 7 20 6 50 74 65 56 37 46 46 35 57 64 76 50 24 32 40 59 50 49 58 36 16 18 6.9 8.2 9 6 11 3 11.9 12.0 14 2 14 7 14.7 16 2 16.0 0.2 0 1 3 0.9 0.9 1 2 0 7 0 ?. 1,496 80 826 590 5 55 40 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 15 REPORT ON CLAYTON COUNTY SURVEY BY J. O. Martin. The County Spuerintendent of Schools here devotes his entire time and attention to his school work. The maj ority of his teachers are well trained, and their class rooms show a high degree of neatness, cleanliness, system and order. At Morrow, the two lady teachers actually took the children and reconstructed all of the double desks into single desks. It is evident that along with other duties the teachers are studying class room conveniences. Jonesboro, as the county high school, is doing good work. However, several Junior High Schools are needed to serve as feeders. Hence, the consolidation of the following schools seems to be the county's greatest need: Bethel, Hebron, Flint River Springs and Noah's Ark should be consolidated with the Jonesboro school, at Jonesboro; the Mt. Zion and Pine Grove schools consolidated with the Morrow school at Morrow, and the Tanners, Ellenwood and Rex Schools at some central point. Population PUTNAM COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 4,729 10,421 15,150 785 2,906 2,806 299 25.6 1910 3,697 10,178 13,875 258 2,286 3,659 412 36.9 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 1,285 3,491 4,776 12 242 254 1923 1,450 3,084 4,534 119 119 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal $597,896 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation Land $1,697,696 Corporation $386,847 Age-Grade Retardation Polls $1,039 I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI 155 ~~99 119 101 126 91 100 58 76 50 18 6 335 11 75351 119 59 76 58 73 51 59 29 48 32 18 30 37 40 38 42 33 36 26 23 17 3 325875562 77 60 64 57 58 56 59 50 63 64 100 _. 20 37 34 38 34 37 36 45 31 34 6.9 8.6 9.4 10.5 11.4 12.4 13.5 14.8 15.3 16.4 17.1 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.1 Total 993 49 622 322 5 62 33 16 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF PUTNAM COUNTY BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor. SCHOOL *Eatonton Public Rockville Phoenix. Ararat Central Fairview Imperial Mill Ramoth Salem Wesley Chapel Florence Friendship Hearnville Harmony Stanfordville Union Chapel Union Wright Academy 9 9 9 -- 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 -- 9 9 9 9 9 Tm3 "2 CO $ 9,790 2,655 2,355 1,620 1,350 1,170 1,530 1,170 1,350 1,170 540 540 720 720 540 630 720 540 K9 W TM A " 12 11 10 9 5 10 4 4 4 10 3 3 2 10 2 2 2 10 2 2 2 10 2 1 3722 2921 2 10 2 2 2 10 2 1 10 1 17 1 17 1 19 _. 1 15 19 17 19 do 55 n 6 18 256 A+ B A A 2 4 4 97 D C C B 2 75 C E D 2 52 C C D D 3 54 C D C 41 D D C 100 E D 36 A D 60.... A C 53_... C C 21 E B E 3 .... 16 B D 1 ... 21 A C B 3 2 28 E B O D 21 C D C 35 E B D C 19 B C C 13 E C D Total 9 $ 29,010 44 39 31 8 30 9 15 16 34 998.... C+O--C-- REPORT ON SURVEY OF PUTNAM COUNTY BY I. S. Smith. The schools in Putnam County are in good condition. Especially is this true, taking into consideration agricultural conditions in this county for the past few years. I find all the -white schools of the county are run for nine months, and the patronage is good throughout the term. The school at Eatonton is an independent system, hut is receiving $1,000 from the Barrett-Rogers fund and gives free tuition to all high school pupils of the county. There is no arrangement made by the county board for the transportation of high school pupils in to the senior High School. I think it would be wise for the city system to become a part of the county system. Recommendations: 1. That a county unit system be established. 2. That Eatonton, Rockville, Phoenix and perhaps two other central places be established as central places for further consolidations. 3. That the county board offer aid for transportation of high school pupils to the Junior and Senior high schools. 4. That the Board cooperate with the state Department of Education in procuring a Jeanes worker for the negro schools of the county. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 17 BUTTS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 5,739 6,586 12,325 3,808 2,842 1,469 131 16.1 1910 6,424 7,200 13,624 4,135 2,106 1,900 256 19.6 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White 1918 1,843 2,334 4,177 6 1923 1,641 2,095 3,736 6 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 203 83 Total 206 89 Personal $573,388 Land Corporation $1,580,018 $1,270,519 RECORD OP BUTTS COUNTY BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor. Polls $1,897 SCHOOL *Jackson Public Jenkinsburg Flovilla Iron Springs Pepperton Stark CedarEock Cork Fincherville Northville Sandy Plain Beulah Elgin Grady Oak Grove Union Point West Butts Total eSg a H ro 9 $ 11,650 8 3,560 9 2,655 7 1,960 9 2,385 7 1,540 7 875 7 875 7 875 7 875 7 980 7 525 7 455 7 300 7 490 7 280 7 525 7+ $ 30,805 CO atn Oo W n 51 CO 32 CO o'W do BO pq 3 16 325 B A C A 143 D B D D 89 CBB 98___. CAB 100 BAD 70 C-- C C D 59 C-- A D D 2 59 DAB 1 42_ E D D 50, . D D D 60. .. B E C 17. -. E D D 30_ ..DDE 3 19. .. B D--D 9 3 15. .. B C E 27 E E D 31.... D D D 53 49 42 7 38 11 20 39 25 1,234 C C--C--C- 18 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS BUTTS COUNTY (Continued) Grade Age-Grade Retardation I II in IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded__, MedianAge Med. Retardation 198 150 154 138 132 119 110 90 50 66 ?1 9 8 6 6 16 2 1 21 152 115 87 92 78 79 69 52 38 47 16 37 27 61 40 53 34 39 37 12 17 4 '... 45441511 25 76 76 56 66 59 66 62 57 76 71 76 20 19 40 30 40 29 37 42 24 27 19 6.9 8.1 9.5 10.4 11.5 12.1 13.5 14.6 15.2 16.4 16.8 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.4 1,228 42 825 361 3 67 30 REPORT ON SURVEY ON BUTTS COUNTY. BY J. O. Martin. Jackson, the County seat of Butts County, is an independent system. The court recently ruled that the County Board of Education can not pay tuition for outside children entering there. This barrier has not done the schools of the county any good. It should be removed. It is unfortunate that Jackson is spending much money remodeling its present school building which is poorly planned, not safe from fire hazard, and the material used on the inside is cheap. A modern building properly planned, should replace this structure. Otherwise, the school is most excellent. The building at Zion Springs Consolidated School and the one at Cork are well planned. All of the other buildings are of the old type and the majority of them should either be consolidated or remodeled. Neither teachers nor pupils can do effective work where conditions are as negative as they are in some of these schools. However the teachers, in most instances, have tried to beautify the rooms and keep them clean. There are only four teachers outside.of Jackson who are not residents of Butts County. 48 per cent of the teachers have no training beyond the High School. Here, as elsewhere, the te chers with the least professional training are teaching the most important grades--the primary. The total years of teaching experience of the teachers is 219. The total number of sun er schools attended by the teachers is 42, the number of teachers attending summer schools is 22; 11 iave never attended summer schools. 19 teachers are serving their present schools the first year, and only five are teaching their first year. The greatest needs of the county are: A County wide program of consolidation. A Senior High School. Tour Junior High Schools. More training for the majority of teachers. Full time supervision. WILKES COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years School Years Years 1920 8,116 16,093 24,209 7,177 4,840 4,148 422 23.2 1910 6,842 16,598 23,440 7,217 4,389 6,294 650 37.5 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 19 WILKES COUNTY (Continued) STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 2,062 4,507 6,569 1923 2,165 3,922 6,087 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. 586 594 250 255 Personal Land Corporation Polls $1,568,745 $4,017,580 $315,144 RECORD OF WILKES COUNTY BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor. $2,816 SCHOOL Ui >ft* 0 H CO M fit 03 3M CD aH 0 0 PS TJ 03 0 H O 0 fe ft in m OS oS ao is .2 <*% a Pi n fe *tWashingtonHigh *Washington Grammar Tignall Hague Danburg Metasville Rayle-. Tyrone BigCedar Broad Court Ground Ficklin FlorallHill Landberg Oak Grove Stony Ridge Tabor Aonia Bethel Celeste French Mills Mallorysville Mt. Moriah Norman Pierce Chapel Prather 9 9 9 9 9 8 9 9 8 8 8 8 '_ $ 8 8 8 8 8 ~~~ 8 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 10,900 5,805 6,156 2,556 2,002 1,772 2,227 2,205 1,080 1,152 1,116 1,152 1,029 1,123 1,188 972 907 453 432 810 576 432 453 504 640 720 6 8-11 7 7 .... 11 7 7 7 .... 9 11 8 8 .__. 4 10 4 3 1 3 11 3 3 .__. 3 93 2 1 3 10 3 3 .... 3933 1822 2 10 2 2 2 22 2 211 2 722 2 10 2 1 1 2 10 2 1 1 292 1 1 2 7 2 . ... 2 1 9 1 . ... 1 1711 1 11 2 11 241 1 1 71 1 1611 1811 2 10 1 1 613 7 150 A B A 302A+ A A 625 235 B C A 3 11 ______ 115... E D 3 83 A C B 80. _ B C 108. . B C 81. . B c 60. _ B c 2 .... 2 42. . C D 41. _ C c 56. . c D D 39. _ E c c 2 .... 2 2 1 70. . B A B 70. _ C C B 66 EcD 44. _ . B D D 1 31__ . B C D 1 34. _ . B C C 28.. . B C C 30 D C D 25____ E C D 32 A O D 21.... E E E 19 .AACCE 21.... E A D Smith's Mill 8 400 1 7 1 1 10 B D E Smyrna WarHill tBeulah 1 8 576 1 71 1 8 504 1 6 1 1 288 2 10 2 2 30.... D C D 21.... C C E 47 E _. D St. Joseph 5 3_ Total 8+ $ 50,130 76 t-Line School Building in Lincoln County. 73 61 9 53 17 27 1,991 A-- C C C- 20 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF WILKES COUNTY BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor. Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV VI VII VIII IX XI 187 254 219 225 195 195 183 122 101 59 5 8 12 12 14 10 9 6 4 5 135 182 141 148 93 117 87 56 55 34 47 64 66 65 88 68 87 60 42 20 3355755448 72 71 64 65 47 60 47 46 54 57 25 26 31 30 46 35 48 50 42 35 7.2 8.0 9.3 10.1 11.7 12.5 13.9 14.9 15.7 16.6 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.6 43 2 34 7 5 79 16 17.9_ 0.9. Total 1,783 614 1,082 614 3 60 37 REPORT ON SURVEY OF WILKES COUNTY. BY E. A. Pound. Wilkes County has twenty seven white schools, one line school, forty two colored schools, and the following independent schools: St. Joseph's Academy (Catholic), Shiloh (colored denominational), and Hodge Academy (colored.) All of the independent schools are in the City of Washington. The large number of schools in this county is accounted for by the fact that county's lateral roads are not as yet in such condition as to warrant more than few consolidations. With the development of better roads in all parts of the country will come better schools. Despite the fact that the financial conditions have been extremely adverse in this county for the past two or three years, this county is continuing to give an eight months term in all of the white schools, with the exception of six schools which offer nine months. The county has entirely too many schools teaching high school subj ects. In addition to the high school at Washington which is a strong accredited high school, eighteen other unaccredited schools are teaching high school subjects with an inadequate teacher personnel, and inadequate equipment. The high school at Tignall is now applying for the accredited relation and if it continues to improve as it has recently, it will eventually be placed on the accredited list. With this exception the rural high schools are inadequately equipped, and are not prepared to do the work they are attempting to do. It is educationally and economically unwise to try to build up rural high schools at the expense of good elmentary schools. Four or five junior high schools should be retained, and the remaining high school pupils could be sent by the Board of Education to Tignall or Washington where they could be given adequate attention. Wilkes County is one of the oldest and best counties of the state and with the improvement in financial conditions this county will take an advanced step along the lines of educational improvement. The principal obstacle in this county is lack of funds. Recommendations: 1. A continuation of the eight months term throughout the county for all of the schools ex- cept for those now giving nine months. 2. The erection of one or two more Rosenwald Buildings as model buildings for the negroes. 3. The improvement of some of the white schools. 4. Consolidation or gradual absorbtion of several of the smaller schools. 5. The development of a five year building program. 6. The development of a definite improvement program. 7. The improvement of the teaching personel by attendance upon summer schools. 8. The reduction in number of high schools. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 21 BLECKLEY COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates 1920 1910 White 5,917 Colored 4,615 Total 10,532 6-18 Years 3,344 Attending School 2,176 Over 10 Years 1,780 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. 16-20 Years 213 Per Cent 23.7 No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total It) 1918 1,903 1,484 3,387 41 216 257 1923 1,948 1,542 3,490 10 117 127 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal $783,334 *-Organized since 1910. Land $2,055,274 Corporation $439,187 Age-Grade Retardation Polls $1,648 Grade Total r Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated f %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation II III IV VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 422 195 212 209 157 126 96 113 24 18 5 11 11 13 5 2 276 101 99 90 69 58 44 62 122 76 108 108 77 55 47 49 5 9 2 5 7 10 5 2 65 52 47 43 44 46 46 55 30 39 51 52 49 44 49 43 7.0 8.4 10.0 11.1 11.9 12.7 13.9 14.8 0.4 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.8 79 6 28 45 7 35 58 16.2 1.2 65 3 34 28 4 53 43 16.7 L0.7 68 2 39 27 3 57 40 17.6_ 0.6_ 1,742 100 900 742 5 51 44 22 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF BECKLEY COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor. SCHOOL 12th Dist. A. and M. *Cochran Public Cary Salem Bethany Purser Roland Bunker Hill Coombs Evergreen Rebie Smith Walker Davis High Hill Ruth Sunny Side tEmpire Total t-Line School. 03 CO 9 11,790 9 13,570 7 2,030 7 1,960 7 1,435 7 1,505 7 1,505 7 980 7 980 7 1,015 7 1.015 7 1,050 7 1,015 7 560 7 560 7 560 7 560 7+ $ 41,090 a CD a w& 3 S 5 *1 7 8-11 8 12 11 13 494 494 393 3 3 3 3 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 7 13 .... 11 4 4 1 2 3 2 3 2 1 1 1 2. 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 rt CO 60 W do 53 pao . a ap. go m aH 2 2 181 E E A A 9 2 15 435 E B A A 2 134 DCC 2 148 DB o 85. __ . C D c 93... _ E D D 96. h. . E C C 66. _. . E 42.. _ . E 55. __ . B 75... _ E 61.__ . C DD cc c c c 58... _ E D 47. __ . E D 39... _ E D D 37... . E D D 32. __ _ E E D 49... _ D __ 52 54 48 6 40 14 32 24 18 1,733_ .. D-- C-- C-- REPORT ON BLECKLEY COUNTY SURVEY. BY Geo. D. Godard. The Bleckley County schools consist of 15 white and 15 colored. Three one-teacher schools (white) have been discontinued during the past three years, and one has been re-established in another place. The Carey school, in the northern portion of the county, a three-teacher school, has absorbed the New Bleckley School having two teachers and the pupils are being transported by truck. Salem, a three-teacher school, has absorbed the Dykes School, having two teachers, and White's Chapel having one teacher, making a splendid four-teacher school which is now housed in a splendid new modern building. One truck is being used for transportation. There are some consolidations which should be made in the near future. The Walker, Roland, and Bethany schools should be brought together at some central point. The Davis and Smith schools should be consolidated at Bailey's Park. The Coombs and High Point schools should be merged with the Carey and Salem schools. These consolidations will require some little time to be consummated, but the work should not be neglected. The finances of the county seem to have been well managed, as the Board of Education is not in debt. As consolidations are made, modern school houses should be constructed. If the enlarged districts would vote a district tax for the purpose of supplementing the county funds, this assistance would promote the advancement of the schools. COCHRAN.-- The Cochran Public School System consists of one white and one colored school. The white school is housed in a splendid brick building and the colored school in a new frame building. There is need that an arrangement be made with the county Board of Education whereby the rural pupils of high school grade shall have the opportunity of attending the high school for nine months, tuition free. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 23 KEPORT ON BLECKLEY COUNTY SURVEY (Continued) The county high school pupils are admitted to the Twelfth District A. and M. School free. A goodly number of these pupils wish to attend the high school in Cochran for which ar rangements should be made. TWELFTH DISTRICT A. AND M. SCHOOL. The Twelfth District Agricultural and Mechanical School located at Cochran, Ga., Bleckley County has an enrollment of 181 pupils this year--a healthy increase over preceding years. The Students are registered from several different counties, and bring with them health, strength and life. The interest manifested shows that good management and good teaching are enj oyed in the institution. The school plant consists of a large academic building consisting of seven class rooms, an auditorium, library, laboratory, and office, two dormitories with equipment, one dining hall and a principal's home. The Academic work, Domestic Science, and the Teacher Training courses are being thoroughly done. The Agricultural part of the course is not neglected and is functioning well. Sev en of the teacher-training pupils of 1923 are teaching with satisfactory success. Valuable improvements are being made from time to time giving the school an air of business. CARROLL COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 27,486 7,265 34,751 10,970 8,512 2,832 239 11.3 1910 24,472 6,383 30,855 9,317 6,402 3,118 314 14.5 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 8,262 1923 8,761 Personal $2,448,804 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation Colored Total White 2,308 10,570 108 2,140 10,901 33 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 187 82 Total 295 115 Land Corporation $5,250,166 $761,276 Age-Grade Retardation Polls $3,980 I II III 1,497 832 744 65 30 37 968 391 272 468 411 435 436 64 47 36 32 50 58 7.2 8.9 10 0.2 0.9 1 IV VI VII VIII IX XI Total 858 787 740 683 533 292 280 134 51 25 24 19 13 6 16 9 375 285 294 196 185 117 148 59 432 477 422 468 335 169 116 66 6 3 3 3 2 2 5 6 43 36 40 29 35 40 53 44 51 61 57 68 63 58 42 50 11.0 12.4 13.3 14.5 15.7 16.2 16.7 17.9. 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.2 0.7 0.9_ 7,380 295 3,290 3,795 4 44 52 24 SCHOOL |4thDist. A. and M "fOarrnlltnn High "College St Villa Rica High Bowdon Public Temple Burwell Roopville Tyus Veal Farmers Harmony Harris Lowell Pine Grove Sand Hill Cross Plains Friendship Hill Crest.... Liberty... Little Vine Melrose. Mt. Carmel Mount.. New Chappell Oak Ridge. Pateville Pleasant Grove Rotherwood Sandy Flat Shiloh Star Point Story Oak Grove Oak Mountain. Reagan Reavesville Rocky Mount Russell High Sardis Siver Shady Grove Smyrna Strippling Walnut Hill. Banning Mill Bold Springs GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF CARROLL COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor. n a H 7H 03 CO En CO 9 $ 10,700 9 10,945 9 8-470 9 3,775 9 7,335 9 7,330 9 3,780 6 1,560 8 2,650 7 1,750 6 1,260 7 1,080 6 1,050 7 1,015 6 960 7 1,085 6 840 6 300 6 285 5 375 6 300 6 210 6 420 6 360 6 330 5 250 fi 360 6 270 3 650 6 240 6 240 .6 240 6 426 6 390 6 660 6 690 6 630 6 570 6 510 fi 690 6 600 6 540 6 660 6 780 7 980 6 540 9 585 6 300 aen o o PS d fc 4J A M PS OS H en C5D OS rH O 4J 03 CD Uo ean roM CO o 3u eg ftg H CO >> OS a *H PI a O>S>?M,, O) fj 0) E-i en 6 53 oS CO i. + H tn jD +J 03 CO ft 03 os-3 1 +1 eSM' o M Pi w N T-* rH r< CD PS +uJ ^C--D J3 Id CO CD PS CaD 0u3 O CD M < Pi a 2>PI CD o. n a3* W en 8 8-11 8 7 14 4 6 151 E E B A 11 7-11 10 10 913 51 320 D D A A 12 6 12 11 1 11 1 3 410 B B B A 8 6 6 6 -5 1 3 233_... C A B 12 11 10 10 10 9 9 9 8 2 4 2 14 464 D C B A 6 3 4 65 60 410 c AA 8 10 5 5 3 2 3 2 5 187 D B B O 4 10 4 4 .... 3 1 4 4 4 155.... D C D 4 10 4 4 3 1 4 5 2 198 E C B D 4 10 4 4 4 1 4 189 E E A D 4 9 4 3 12 2 2 3 1 182 E BD 4833 2 1 3 6 .... 118.--. E D E 3833 3 2 .... 117.-.. E C D 4 8 3 2 112 3 .... 103 E E B D 3933 2 1 3 4 1 177 E D C D 3 8 3 2 12 1 3 5 .... 91 E E B D 3 8 3 2 12 1 3 114 EED 17 .... 1 1 47.... E D D 18 1 1 2 37 E D E 7 1 1 1 60.... E E 17 1 1 1 .... 50.... E E E 17 1 11 15.... B D E 17 1 1 4 ._.. 57.... D C E 17 1 1 .... 38.... E C E 17 17 11 1 1 11 .... 50.... E C E .... 40.... E r> E 28 1 1 1 66 E DE 18 8 .... 1 1. 1 1 ... .... 30-.. E D D 50-... E c E 17 1 11 36___. E D D 17 1 1 1 1 .... 30.... D D E 16 1 11 .... 27.... E E E 28 1 1 1 42.... D C E 17 1 1 1 .... 50.... E D D 2 8 2 1 1 .... 2 2 86 E CE 2 72 2 2 80.... E C E 2 8 2 112 1 62 E CD 182 2 22 .... 98.... E C D 2 8 2 1111 1 70_... C C E 4 8 ?, 1111 1 .... 81.... D 0 D 182 1 1 22 .... 72.... E D E 282 1 1 22 .-.. 56.... E E E 1 822 22 79 E 0D 2 9 2 1.1 2 4 1 108.... E c D 2922 112 .... 79 D E D D 1 822 2 1 82.... E D E 1511 11 .... 75.... E O D 1811 1 .... 50___. E D E GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 25 RECORD OF CARROLL COUNTY Brooklyn 6 Center Point 4 Clem 6 Tallapoosa,. 6 Whitesburg 9 Antioch 6 Bethesda 6 Beulah .. . 6 Camp Creek 6 Fair View 7 Flat Rock .. 6 Hickory Level 7 High Point .. 6 Hulett 6 Indian Creek . 6 Jake Graded .6 Kansas _ 6 Little Bethel 6 Lovells 6 Midway 6 Taylor 6 Union 6 Union Grove 6 Wayside 6 Wesley Chapel 6 West View 6 White Oak Springs 6 Whooping Creek 6 Bowden St. Nor. and Ind. Col. 12 Mount Zion _ - 9 Geo. D. Godard , Supervisor. $ 450 270 330 1,190 1,890 540 540 570 720 945 600 750 540 360 540 600 660 525 480 390 360 360 240 300 300 420 360 210 13,800 8,270 1711 1 __r. 4 52.___ E C E 2811 11 21.... D D D 171 1 111 38 E D E 3 10 3 2 13 1 121 D O O 4 10 3 12 2 1 1 2 3 96 C O D 2822 2 2 .... 71 E D E 4 8 2 1111 ?, 71.... E E E 1 8 2 11 213 81.... E D D 2822 2 2 51.... E O E 2 9 2 112 12 91 E C E 2 7 2 2 .... 2 21 86___. E C E 2 8 2 11 2 2 5 2 95 E E C C 292 2 11 ?, 74...'. E D E 3722 1 1 ?. 50 E C C 2 8 2 2 .... 2 2 75___. E C E 3822 2 7 99 E C D 2822 2 3 86 E C D 2 7 2 1111 1 2 71 E D D 282 2 21 42_--. C C E 7 2 1111 2 2 .... 64 E D E 181 1 11 44 E D E 171 1 11 52 E D E 151 1 11 17 D D E 2811 1 1 50 D D E 171 1 11 34 E D E 1511 11 49 E E E 2811 1 .... 42 D D D 161 1 11 37 E D E 8 Jr. Coll 7 7 ... 7 123... D O B 8 11 9 9 7 2 5 .. .. 10 267 OBA Total 6+ $ 116,826 214 200 159 41 136 64 118 153 156 7,572.. E+C-- D-- REPORT ON SURVEY OF CARROLL COUNTY Geo. D. Godard. The following are outstanding features of the schools of Carroll County:-- 1. There are too many schools. 2. The lack of reasonable consolidation in many places makes necessary the employment of too many teachers. Consequently the salaries of teachers are too low to make the work desirable for properly.prepared teachers. 3. The larger number of school houses are old and inferior, and are poorly suited for school purposes. 4. Good modern school buildings have been recently constructed at Bowdon, Villa Rica, Harris, High, Tyus, Pine Grove, Hickory Lev el, Star Point, Bowdon Junction, and Farmers High School. All of these conform more or less to the most modern design. 5. Good buildings which are yet incomplete are to be found at Russell High, Moran, Rotherwood, Indian Creek, Reagan, High Point , Camp Creek and Wayside 6. In the last four years the schools have been reduced by combination and consolidation from 101 to 73. Further reductions are planned during the ensuing year. Recommendations: 1. The following schools should be abolished and the pupils sent to neai by schools: Mount, Little Vine, Sandy Flat and White Oak Springs. 2. The following schools should be combined for the purpose of making the sohool work better: a. Clem, Union, and Whooping Creek. 26 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS REPORT ON SURVEY OF CARROLL COUNTY (Continued) b. County Line and Center Point. c. Tyus and Fairview (partially.) d. Oak Ridge and Rocky Mount. e. Siver and Bethesda. 3. All one teacher schools should be limited so far as practical to five grades, and the upper classes sent to nearby larger schools. 4 . Carrollton High School should be made the county high school, arrangements being made between the county board and city board for instruction of the rural boys and girls in said school. Junior High Schools should be maintained at Bowden, Burwell, Roopville, Temple, Tyus, and Whitesburg. 5. Senior High Schools should be run at Carrollton, Mt. Zion, and Villa Rica. (This work is also being covered at the Bowden State Normal and Industrial College, and the 4th District A. and M.) 6. While obstacles have prevented the rigid enforcement of the compulsory attendance law this season, careful attention should be given to this enforcement. 7. Further consolidations which will not entail transportation expenses to a great extent should be made in the extreme northern part of the county as well as the western and southern portions. In fact every part of the county is interested in this movement. CARROLLTON. There is in Carrollton one high school, taught by ten teachers including the superintendent, and the grammar school work is done in the College Street and Maple Street schools. The general management of the schools, the spirit of the teachers, and the conduct of the pupils are worthy of commendation. With the continuation ef good work the schools of Carrollton need not long be second to any in the State. The work of the Bowden State Normal and Industrial Schools is to be highly commended for the spirit and standards maintained. The results of the teaching force at the 4th District A. and M. school are highly commendable. Splendid physical improvements have been made during the past year which add to the beauty and utility of the plant. Population EVANS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates 1920 *1910 White 4,123 Colored 2,412 Total 6,535 6-18 Years 2,168 Attending School 1,552 Over 10 Years 537 16-20 Years Per Cent 11.6 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,434 1923 1,458 Personal $486,495 *-Organized since 1910. Colored Total White 1,023 931 2,457 2,416 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land $1,247,442 Corporation $226,095 Colored 43 49 Total 51 57 Polls $931 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 27 RECORD OF EVANS COUNTY BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor. SCHOOL Claxton Bellville Jr. High Daisy Jr. High Antioeh Eason's Chapel Hagan Park View Sapp Sikes Beasley DeLoach Durrance Griner Pine Grove Rogers Total.... ce "3 CQ 9 $ 10,800 8 3,200 8 2,800 6 870 6 750 8 880 6 960 6 720 6 690 6 390 6 420 6 360 6 420 6 360 6 330 a [I + P 03 12 11 13 13 10 10 10 7 7 . 4 49 3 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 .. 11 1 ... 1 ... a >> a! 03 W> a MO 03 go 55 55 n 15 461 D D A 3 145 E C B 2 ... 127 D D B 5 ___ 58 EC 3 ___ 33___ D D 20 1 72 D A D 66_ .. E C 48-- _ D D D 83... E C D 38-_- E D E 36... E D 37_._ E C 34-__ E C 29 EE 27_ E D 6+ $ 23,950 45 43 37 6 29 14 26 37 19 1,294_ _D-- C D+ Age-Grade Retardation Grade i n ni rv v vi vn vra IX X XI Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation 278 130 161 170 151 140 110 18 5 12 6 4 14 12 186 74 80 80 58 53 39 74 51 69 84 89 73 59 6 4 7 3 2 10 10 67 57 50 47 38 38 35 27 39 43 50 60 52 55 6.9 8.5 9.7 10.9 12.5 13.1 14.1 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.1 1.1 93 58 30 342 46 29 12 44 25 16 376 50 47 40 47 46 54 14.8 15.7 17.1 0.8 0.7 1.1 19 3 12 4 15 63 22 17.4. 0.4- 1,340 83 669 588 6 49 45 REPORT ON SURVEY OF EVANS COUNTY. BY I. S. Smith. . Within the last few years modern buildings, by bond issues have been built at Claxton, Bellville, and Daisy. These are in consolidated districts and good work is being done in the schools. There is much need of further consolidation in the county and the Board and Superintendent have good plans for this work in the future. The sooner this can be done the better it will be for the children of the county. The educational tests given in the above schools were much more satisfactory than those given in the letter. 28 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS HEARD COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total OhUdren Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending School Over 10 Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 7,756 3,370 11,126 3,586 1,986 1,401 108 18.2 1910 7,433 3,756 11,189 3,511 2,424 1,581 150 20.7 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 2,560 1923 2,551 Personal $319,667 Colored Total White 1,174 1,946 3,734 95 3,597 15 TAXABLE VALUE 1823. Colored 69 17 Total 164 32 Land Corporation $1,114,574 $30,897 RECORD OF HEARD COUNTY BY Geo. D. Goddard, Supervisor. Polls $1,699 SCHOOL Heard Co. High Ephesus Centralhatchee Glenloch Waresville Antioch Enon Grove Glenn Ridgeway Rockalo , Simpson Texas Wayside , Welcome Bethel Camp Ground Corinth Sg BJ + CO CO M 9 $5,330 6 11 6 6 1,440 4 10 4 8 1,520 3 10 3 8 1.760 283 7 1,520 3 10 3 6 660 1 9 2. 6 720 2 o 8 1,120 3 2 6 690 2 9 2 6 540 19 6 660 2 9 2 1 6 660 3 10 2 6 660 2 2 6 660 1 21 6 420 1 1 6 300 1 1 6 450 2 11 > a >> M TM* 3 a) *q^4 >> q a> os ao a 5cQ a-3 o *-> 6W do a 55 --t Z K a a s2 3 CO a 143 A-- C A 148 E -B E 131 A-- C C D 144 ECC 69. D B C 86.. .. E D 42.. ._ E D 511. ._ C D D 69. ._ E B E 1 98.. ._ E E 1 n EC 1 14 1 71.... C C 1 87.... E c 2 103 D E D 1 36.... E C 12 42 ED ... 15 3 29 CDD GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 29 RECORD OF HEARD COUNTY (Continued) Davis Fain iew Friendship Frolona Harmony Liberty... Mt. Salem. Owensbyville Fine Grove Pleasant Hill Red Oak Riverside State Line Union WalnutBill Yellow Dirt JHogansv ille JMason IRoopv ille JVeal _____ 6 $ 240 6 300 g 360 g 300 g 360 g 420 g 300 g 210 g 300 6 240 g 300 g 300 g" 360 g 300 6 300 g 240 6 11 25 E DE 7 1 46 E DE 7 -- L 1 15 50. C C E 8 11 65. E B E 7 1 31. E D E 6 1 11 25 DDD 7 -- ]. 1 27. D C D 5 1 1.. 12 KEE 8 -- ] 11 25 ECE 7 L1 1 ... 29. E D E 7 1 45. E C E 7 L1 30 C E 7 1 __ . 1 30. D D 7 113 41. D E 6 -- . 1 1 3 .... 20. C O D 7 1 1 .. 26 E DE 15. A A A 21. E 13. A 37. E Total t-Line Schools. Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded '/(Accelerated %NormaJ '^Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation 6+ $ 23,940 55 56 22 34 41 15 32 57 9 2.034_ _. D--C--D- ARO Grade Retardation II III IV VI VII VIII 513 278 195 242 237 192 170 106 37 16 7 17 10 9 9 7 329 115 86 83 71 45 41 33 147 147 102 142 156 138 120 66 7 5 3 7 4 5 56 g4 41 44 34 30 23 24 31 29 54 53 59 66 72 71 63 -7.1 9.1 10.1 11.3 12.7 14.1 14.8 15.6 0.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.7 2.1 1.8 1.6 IX 45 2 18 25 4 40 56 16.1 1.1 XI 38 6 14 18 15 37 48 16.8 0.8 13 1 7 5 7 50 43 17.7. 0.7. Total 2,029 121 842 1,066 6 41 53 REPORT ON SURVEY OF HEARD COUNTY. BY Geo. D. Godard. The white schools of Heard County number 33, of which 19 are one-teacher schools. These schools are located too near each other. The topography of the county shows a broken surface divided by the Chattahoochee River and various creeks feeding the same. This is the principal reason for the numerous school centers. The people generally resist any idea of consolidation. However some useful consolidations have been made at Franklin and Ephesus. Further consolidations should be made as follows: (1) Walnut Hill, Rockalo and Fain iew; (2) Ridgeway, and High Point; (3) Antioch and Friendship; (4) Pine Grove, Centralhatchee, Riverside and Bethel. The school houses, in general, are poorly fitted in form and lighting for school work. In many schools the equipment is meagre. Some real improvement is shown in the schools during the past three years. The High School at Franklin is doing some good Senior High School work. High School pupils are coming by private conveyance to this school. Recommendations: 1. The groups of schools mentioned above should be consolidated. 2. The enlarged districts should levy a local district tax to pay better teachers' salaries, and extend the school term, as well as provide better equipment. 3. Improvement of the roads of the county is a pressing need tending to improve the schools. 30 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS McDUFFIE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates Whits Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Years School Years Per Cent 1920 5,369 6,140 11,509 3,448 2,456 1,655 172 19.5 1910 4,338 5,985 10,323 3,158 1.580 1,492 181 19.6 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,454 1923 1,396 Colored Total White 1,705 1,847 3,159 57 3,243 6 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 163 57 Total 220 63 Personal $643, 127 "Thomson Dearing Boneville Central East Thomson Wrightsboro Avondale Columbia Mines Pine Grove SunnySide Union Total Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation Land 1 $1,919,095 Corporation $109,183 Polls $1,319 ' RECORD OF MCDUFFIE COUNTY BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor, April, 1924. 9 $ 11,410 9 2,425 7 660 7 900 6 540 6 840 6 300 6 240 6 120 6 420 7 350 11 11 12 12 __._ 12 ... 4 6 9 6 6 .... 5 1 4 2 8 2 1111 2 8 2 .... 2 2 ... 1 2 6 2 1 1 2 __. 2 9 2 1111 17 11 _.._ 1 _.. 171 1 ] 1 7 1 .... 1 1 ... 1 9 1 _.__ 1 1 __. 3 8 1 .... 1 1 ... 441 A C A A 244 D D C D 39.. E E D 56 D E C D 65 _ E D E 44. C C D 28. D C D 17. D E D 10. E E D 42 _ E D 33 _ E D 8 $ 18,205 32 31 22 9 27 4 14 1,019. D-- C-- D + Age Grade Retardation II III IV VI vn vra K X XI Total 200 100 131 147 93 83 81 61 49 24 28 997 9 4 14 10 4 3 4 31 52 144 52 64 61 36 34 28 25 23 17 21 505 47 44 53 76 53 46 49 36 23 6 7 440 4 4 11 7 4 4 5 64 5 72 52 49 41 39 41 35 41 47 71 75 51 24 44 40 52 57 55 60 59 47 25 25 44 6.9 8.7 9.6 11.1 12.4 13.2 14.5 15.3 15.9 16.3 17.3. 0.7 0.6 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.3 0.9 0.3 0.3. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 31 REPORT ON SURVEY OF McDUFFIE COUNTY. BY E. A. Pound. This county has the unusual distinction of being entirely out of debt. The number of schools in this county has been greatly reduced during the past few years. Four consolidated schools have developed from thirteen original schools. The authorities wish to reduce the present number of schools--ten--to seven eventually. The majority of the high school pupils of the county attend the high school at Thomson, this being the county high school, so designated by the County Board of Education and re- ceiving $1,000 under the Barrett-Rogers Act. At present there are in the county four one-teacher schools, three two-teacher schools, two three- teacher schools and one six-teacher school. Thomson has a fine school under a separate system which is doing a good work for the rural high school pupil, in addition to serving the adolescents of the city. The negroes have 24 schools. These as a rule are inadequately manned and in poor buildings. The following recommendations are made: 1. An issue of bonds all over the county for the erection of six or seven good school buildings to supplant those now in use. This issue for the whole county need not be more than $40, 000, which amount would give every necessary white school a good building. The number of white schools is so small that if McDuffie would follow the example set up by Pulaski County in this particular the county would have first class buildings for its white schools and could erect a Rosenwald building to serve as a model for the colored schools. 2. The improvement of teachers by attendance on summer schools. 3. The length of term is six months in the average school. This should be increased as soon as possible. There are one or two schools teaching one pupil in the eighth grade. These schools should see that this pupil is sent to a good senior high school where he can be given plenty of time and where the time now given to him can be devoted to grammar grade pupils by the teacher. Further consolidation until the number of schools is reduced to six or seven for the entire county. 6. Issue of bonds to erect good buildings for all the white schools in the county, or else the supplanting of some of the present buildings that are now used by better ones under some other plan. GLASCOCK COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. 13 Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 2,991 1,201 4,192 1,300 1,019 487 73 16.4 1910 3,162 1,507 4,669 1,392 933 774 84 24.0 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 981 1923 992 Personal 5207,380 Colored Total White 469 1,450 58 418 1,410 10 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land $558,580 Corporation $127,662 Colored 29 15 Total 87 25 Polls S800 32 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF GLASCOCK COUTY BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor, April, 1924. SCHOOL Gibson _ Edgehill Mitchell B ast onville Bethel David Magnolia Union Beall Springs Griffin Total CD "w3 g $ 4,545 <; 1,500 e 1,200 6 810 6 810 6 840 fj 600 6 750 6 350 360 -M .d a o H O o > fi 03 t>i> d 55 CO + c8 CM a 1 +3 CM rt +3 4^ CD P3 d a >> CD CD o wa CD 03 4J O sCD 1 CO CD d cS a M O CD a Mid CD A3 22 30 a 3c m < H 7 11 8 8 6 2 3. 8 391 DB A 18 11 18 14 4 15 3 7 3 _-_ __ 582 DAA 10 11 7 7 6 1 3 1 1 326 C C B A 4 8 4 3 13 1 3 4 .. .. 131 CBB 4 10 4 3 12 2 2 . 131 E D C B 3833 2 1 2 4 .. __ 118 CCD 2 7 2 1111 1 71 EEE 1 72 2 11 1 _. 53-___ E E E 2 7 2 1111 2 3 _. ._ 38____ B D D 2822 33,,___ C D D 2 6 2 11 1 1 1 2 _. 4 722 2 ?, 39___. E D D 68 C r> C o 722 1 1 1 7 .. .. 81 DDD o 8 2 1111 1 3 ._ .. 71 g 7 2 2_ . 2. 1 ? . 42 E DD E0D 181 1 1 A 3 _. __ 34___. E E E 161 1 11 __ 19 EEE 171 1 11 .. 36 E *E 171 1 24 EEE 15 1_ . 1. 29_,,_ E D E 26 1 38.... E D D 151 1 1 36 E DE 1 R 1 1 ... 1 1 _ 40 E T) E 161 1 16 E DE ?, 7 1 1 . ... 1 1 3 45 C T) E 171 11 1 44 EEE 1 711 1 ._ 46 E *E 1 61 11 1 __ 26 E DE 1 7 I ... 1 1 3 , 37 ?, 7 1 1 11 __ 38 E F, E E r> D 161 1 37 E DE Total *-Building Burned. 6+ $ 27,433 84 78 55 23 57 21 35 41 9 2,740_,,_D-- D D-- REPORT ON SURVEY OF HARALSON COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan. The most significant defect in the public school situation in Haralson county, as revealed bj' the survey, is the fact that there are 1333 children of school age in the county who did not enroll in the schools at all during the current school year. The schools must somehow reach the children before they can teach them. Many of the rural schools are entirely too near each other and a strong policy of reasonable consolidation would greatly increase the efficiency of the ;ystem. All of the rural schools were closed when the survey was made, and so no report could be made as to the thoroughness of their work. . GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 35 DOUGLAS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 7,526 2 951 10,477 3,241 2,393 599 44 7.9 1910 6,782 2 171 8,953 2,797 1,772 750 80 11.7 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 2,340 1,006 3,346 69 81 150 1923 2,382 848 3,230 5 6 11 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal $702,221 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation Land Corporation Polls $1,675,200 $377,715 Ag Grade Retardation $1,120 I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 342 167 207 200 184 167 111 96 75 30 17 17 4 17 19 16 11 4 3 1 1 227 89 98 91 80 69 38 46 41 22 14 98 74 92 90 88 87 69 47 33 8 2 528 9.5 8633 1 5 63 52 47 45.5 44 41 34 48 54 73 82 32 46 45 45 48 53 63 49 45 27 13 7.1 8.7 9.7 10.7 11.9 13.1 14.4 14.9 15.7 16.3 17.4. 0.1 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.4 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.4 1,596 93 815 6 51 43 36 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF DOUGLAS COUNTY BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor. SCHOOL Douglasville High.. Bill Arp Geer Institute Beulah Fair Play Lithia Springs Union Hill Bellville Ebenezer... Mt. Oarmel Mt. Zion Winston Yeager Cave Springs Chapel Hill Dark Corner.High Point Holly Springs Liberty Mt. Vernon Riverside Union CO 9 $ 10.015 7 1,470 9 1,575 7 1,225 7 1,155 7 1,505 7 1,225 7 910 7 770 7 875 7 735 7 910 7 875 7 525 7 455 7 385 7 455 7 420 7 490 7 525 7 455 7 420 o ato o 0 12 11 13 12 494 45 3 38 2 3 10 1 38 3 39 1 29 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 .. 1 1 __ 1 1 _. SI sS 60 & C3 , do 55 55 a ^6 H 9 4 2 32 1 1 1 4 2 1 2 12 4 1 12 1 1 2 1 2 1 ... 7 2. 2 1 . ... 3 1 ...2 ___ 1 1 ... 1 . 1 11 1 1 ___ 1 1 7 484 C B A A 128 C-- E E C 63 C E A c 88____ C D c 76 E E C c 85 B+ C C B 78 D+ E C C 35 C-- B D D 55D + E C D 63D-- E D D 67D+ E C D 35 A D A C 87C-- D D D 25 D B C C 21C-- E D E 1 19 B B E D 17____ C D D 33 E D A-- D 46A-- E A-- B 41 C D A-- C 29 D D D D 25___. E D D Total...' 7+ $ 27,375 54 53 36 17 29 24 31 51 10 1,600 C-- D-- C C+ REPORT ON SURVEY OF DOUGLAS COUNTY. BY J. O. Martin. 1. The county is a unit. There is no independent system. 2. Douglas county has a full time Supervisor. She has already measured some of the results of teaching in all of the schools. This is a long step forward. 3. The county administration is building all new houses by approved plans. All other buildings which are permanently located are being remodeled and painted inside and out. 4. There has been an effort made by the Board to supply the schools with equipment and to see that this equipment is taken care of during the school vacation. 5. On account of the peculiar topography of the county, very few consolidations can be made. The following plans which are practical are recommended: a. The elimination of Mount Vernon and Poplar Springs, using school truck on direct road from Poplar Springs to Lithia Springs, thus combining all three districts with Lithia Springs. This would consolidate districts No. 1, 2 and 21. b. The use of'one truck from Riverside Academy by way of Mt. Carmel to Douglasville- districts No. 4 and 5. c. Transport pupils of Dark Corner School District to Winston District. d. Enlargement of Bill Arp District by addition of Yeager territory, extending same truck which is now serving from Providence. Georgia State School Items Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Act of October 3,1917, authorized October 5,1923. Vol.1 Atlanta, May 15, 1924 No. 14 SCHOOL BUILDING FUND FOR NEGROES. Mr. Julius Rosenwald, of Chicago, gives to the Southern States something like half a million dollars to aid in the erection of Negro school buildings, especially in the rural districts. If located in a cityit must be used as a county training school. In addition to this the money may also be used to build teachers' homes. Thirty thousand dollars has been appropriated to Georgia begining July first. This must be used during the year else it reverts to the Rosenwald Fund. The amounts allowed by the Fund for these schools are as follows: For a one-teacher school, $400.00; for a two-teacher school, $700.00; for a threeteacher school, $900.00; for a four-teacher school, $1,100.00; for a five-teacher school, $1,300.00; for a six-teacher school, or larger, $1,500.00; for a teacher's home, $900.00. Two hundred dollars a room is also allowed for additions to Rosenwald schools. The remaining funds needed to complete the buildings can come from county or city Boards of Education, or from subscriptions both among the white and colored people. These buildings must be erected according to approved plans. Many communities in Georgia have already taken advantage of this liberality of Mr. Rosenwald and we find all over the state, buildings that are a credit to their communities. We therefore urge you, if you wish to participate in this fund, to file your application with the State Department of Education and we will give you then all the necessary information, such as bulletins, blue prints, etc. HIGH SCHOOL AND CONSOLIDATED AID. The supervisors have been busy the last month inspecting high schools that have applied for aid under the Barrett-Rogers Act. This inspection is about complete. They will assemble next week and make their reports. At the same time assignments of the funds will be made for the coming year. In the next issue of the Items we hope to give a complete detail of the apportionment of both the high school aid and the consolidated aid. If any one wishes to present further data as to just why their schools should be selected this should be done at once. One principle shall govern us in the assignment of the high school aid, that school that possesses the equipment and offers the best opportunity for the country boy and girl to receive a high school education will be more than apt to be the favored one. The high school appropriation was instituted for two purposes--first, to aid counties which had no high school, that through means of this fund they might establish one. Second, to give every boy and girl in the country an opportunity of a high school education. I have in mind a county that has never had a high school. They have recently erected a high school building, a credit to the whole county, yet, during the next year they might not meet the requirements to be an accredited school, even of Class two. Still, obeying the spirit of the law, they will receive the $1,000. Some schools that have received aid in the past have used it only for local purposes and to aid the local school in which very few children from outside the district attended. In the future an effort will be made to establish one strong county high school, that will be conveniently located so that it may be accessible to all of the high school pupils of the county, and that will really go out and invite the country boy and girl to come in and take advantage of the opportunities they offer for a high school education. THE CONVENTION OF SUPERINTENDENTS & SCHOOL OFFICIALS. I am sure, as you read in the last issue of the School Items the program for the Convention of Superintendents and School Officials, you will agree that it is one of the strongest that has been presented in many years. All of the participants have accepted. A lively debate is expected on the questions of 2 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS the election of the county school superintendents and Boards of Education. For the first we are asking Supt. T. T. Benton, of Jackson County, and Mrs. McArthur Jones, the newly nominated superintendent of Early County, to discuss the affirmative. Supt. W. V. Lanier, of Jenkins County, and Supt. L. M. Lester, of Fayette County, have been asked to discuss the negative. This debate alone will be worth the price of admission. As to the question of the election of the Board members, the list of debaters has not yet been completed and I would be glad to have suggestions as to some one who would discuss both sides of the question. All in all, it is going to be a wonderful program, and I am urging all superintendents of schools, whether city or county, and all school officials and Board members, both municipal and county, as well as trustees, to attend. This year ends the first fifty years of the public school system in Georgia. Many things have been accomplished in the past, yet we hope to make this Convention of July eighth and ninth a memorable one, just as memorable as the Conventionof fifty-two yearsago that forumlated plans for the establishment of a public school system in this state. A great opportunity is offered us along these lines. The recent decision of the Supreme Court, that will be discussed at Athens by Judge Russell and Judge Cobb, has removed every obstacle that we heretofore thought obstructed educational progress and leaves the way open for real constructive work. To the Principals of the Summer Institutes: Atlanta, Ga., June 7,1924. You have already received the assignment of teachers, as well as the itinerant instructors for the summer institute. The management and control of the institute will be entirely in your hands. All instructors, both permanent and itinerant, will report to you for instruction and direction, and you will arrange the program. In other words, you will have complete charge. There will be no direction, whatever, from this Department. On July 4th you may arrange a special program, if you see fit, or else follow the daily program you have already fixed. I would be glad if you would meet me in Atlanta on Thursday June 19, that we might discuss plans of operation and that you might receive final instructions. Hoping that it will be convenient for you to be present, I am Very truly yours, N. H. Ballard, State Superintendent of Schools. WHEN WILL TEACHERS CERTIFICATES BE ISSUED? The Board of Examiners for teachers certificates, with about twenty additional assistants, will begin work upon the applications about July 1st. As rapidly as applications are passed upon certificates will be issued and mailed. Those that recently graduated from Normal Colleges may expect theirs very early. There may be some delay in issuing certificates of certain applicants on account of additional investigation. In other words, the greater difficulty an applicant may have in furnishing the necessary data to complete her record, the greater care will be taken by the Board of Examiners in doing this person justice. Some wish their applications evaluated so that they may know just what to take at the summer school. If you will present to the principal of the summer school just what credits you have earned in the past, he will be able to give you full information as to just what you should take to professionalize your certificate or else to raise its academic standing. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 3 Population HANCOCK COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 5,136 13,221 18,357 5,970 4.127 2,691 291 20.6 1910 4,917 14,268 19,185 6,371 3,487 3,518 437 26.1 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yis. White 1918 1,517 1923 1,428 Colored Total White 4, 535 4, 024 6,052 20 5,452 16 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 136 161 Total 156 177 Personal $741,136 Land Corporation $2,314,462 $392,817 RECORD OF HANCOCK COUNTY BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor, April, 1924. Polls $1,244 SCHOOL Sparta Culverton Cons Devereux I Linton S. N. Chapman Beulah__ Jewell Mayfield Gaissert GraniteHUl Knowles' Lanier's Lary M. L. Duggan. Mt. Stephens Mt. Zion RockSprlngs SandyHill SnowHill Whaley Zebulon 10th Dis. A. & M. Total na99a GO 9 8,615 8 2,632 8 2,240 8 2,080 8 2,160 8 1,080 8 1,200 8 1,080 9 520 9 320 8 480 8 480 8 440 8 400 8 440 8 480 8 400 8 400 8 540 8 540 8 480 9 9,350 8+ $ 36,357 IS Ma a o o CoO W o +3 PS 'A CO to 11 11 10 5 10 4 10 4 10 4 10 3 10 2 2 2 2. 2 2 1 1. 1 1. g 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 5 8-11 9 1 9 .... > 55 rt 5 12 273.. C B 126. _ D D 94.. D B 98.. D E 92-. C D 45_. _. D 27.. E E 38_- D C 35-- D 7 .. B 29.. E 25.. E 20.. E 19. E 19. E 13.. D A 18.. C 26. -. E 32. __ E 17.. D D 24_ D D 150_ __ E a S- ao a c? W AB BC AB DC AC CC CC DD BA BC DD DD DD BD DD CC DD DD DC DD DC AA 56 55 f5 0 44 11 23 40 38 1,227. DC C -- wmmmmmmmmmmm GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF HANCOCK COUNTY BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor, April, 1924. Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded. __ %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardlation Age-Grade Retardation II III IV VI VII VIII IX XI Total 191 129 121 142 138 104 81 99 105 71 53 1,234 9 1 4 51 125 71 58 70 62 38 36 51 35 21 22 589 57 51 55 65 75 65 44 46 63 46 27 594 5 5 6 5 1 1 1 2 7 6 8 4 65 55 49 49 45 37 45 52 33 30 42 48 30 40 45 46 54 62 54 46 60 64 50 48 7.2 8.5 9.8 10.9 12.1 13.5 14.1 14.8 16.3 17.6 18.0_ 0.2 0.5 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.5 1.1 0.8 1.3 1.6 1.0_ REPORT ON SURVEY OF HANCOCK COUNTY BY I. S. Smith. Considering the financial condition the schools of Hancock County were in a few years ago, they are now in excellent condition. When the present Superintendent went into office a few years ago, Hancock County perhaps had the heaviest per capita school indebtedness of any county of the State. Through splendid business management of the school affairs of the county the Board and the Superintendent have succeeded in paying off that indebtedness and in the meantime maintained the schools for a period of from six to eight months each year. There is probably not a single example in the state equaling this accomplishment. Within this period of debt paying the Board and Superintendent did not make the progress they desired to make or would have made had they been in the position to let funds for each year take care of the schools for that year. Now that they are out of debt, they are begining to put over a program that is in keeping with the needs of the county. Within the past school year they have eliminated 10 small one-and-two teacher schools and are carrying them into good central schools. Sparta, the county seat, has an independent system, but has been designated by the County Board as the Senior High School for the county. It is receiving $1,000 from the Barrett-Rogers fund and admitting the rural high school pupils free. It is to the best interest of the County and Sparta that Sparta relinquish her present system and become a part of the County system. With Sparta, Devereux, Culverton, Powelton, Mayfield, and Linton used as central points for future consolidations, practically every one-and-two teacher school of the county could be eliminated at a very reasonable per capita cost to the county. Sparta should continue to be the Senior High School of the county. The other central points mentioned should be standard Junior High Schools with transportation furnished to the tenth and eleventh grades to the Senior High School. Population BANKS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Hliterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 9,266 2,548 11,814 3,857 2,599 1,220 120 14.9 1910 8,923 2,321 11,244 3,398 2,295 1,554 151 20.3 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF BANKS COUNTY (Continued) STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. 1918 1923 White 2,914 2,936 Persona] $313,837 Colored Total White 854 3,768 90 546 3,485 39 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation $1,338,594 $282,999 RECORD OF BANKS COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, March, 1924. Colored 54 24 Total 144 63 Polls $1,440 SCHOOL Homer Baldwin Gailey GillsviUe Berlin Bushville Chandler Grady Grove Level Hebron Hollingsworth Mt. Bethel Mt. Pleasant Rock Springs Ridgeway Salem Allendale Arp Barrett Broad River Carnot Corinth Duncan Grove Creek Henderson Mt. View Nails Creek Red Oak Silver Shoals UnionHill Total... 9 9 6 9 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 6 6 6 6 --6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6+ OS 2,835 9,425 1,080 1,600 810 600 660 850 720 700 660 720 750 660 660 570 330 360 300 300 390 360 300 360 330 300 300 360 360 300 tao a +i AS Co P ea CO I" N a) >t>a>C2SD?, 1 dW do bfir) 19 go 4 10 10 11 3 13 1 13 155 D D B B 276 EBC 38 1 3 _.... 2 124 E CD 3 10 27 1 2 1 2 2 ... 2 3 22 3 22 2 22 2 22 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 3 ..... 3 2 _. 1 .. 2 .. 1 2 .. 2 .. 2 .. .. 2 2 .. .. 1 2 .. 2 .. 2 .. 1 2 .. 1 2 .. 205 E BD Ill ECD 61 DEE 59.... E D E 102 E CD 72_... E D D 67 DDD 79.... CC 70 DE 110 CD DD 50 57.... DE 41.... E D E 29 DE 29.... E E E 26 EED 61 EEE 34 E DE 43.. E E E 33. _ E D E 53. E D E 33. E E E 44. E D D 24- B D E 63.... E D D 31.... E D E 27,950 61 57 33 24 52 5 29 2,217 E D--D-- MMHHB GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF BANKS COUNTY (Continued) Age Grade Retardation Grade I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded '/(Accelerated--_ ... ',NormaL__ ..... '(Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation 625 249 239 263 230 182 155 27 8 12 9 8 1 3 331 89 78 67 65 43 33 267 152 149 187 157 138 119 4353412 53 36 33 25 28 24 21 43 61 62 72 68 75 77 7.7 9.7 10.5 12.1 12.9 14.3 15.3 0.7 1.7 1.5 2.1 1.9 2.3 2.3 81 26 55 32 68 15.7 1.7 44 15 1 21 14 - 7 1 28 7 46 32 47 100 64 47 16.6 16.9 16.0 1.6 0.9. 2,084 71 754 1,259 4 36 61 REPORT ON SURVEY OF BANKS COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan. Banks County has been without a senior high school, except in sharing with adjoining ones on its border. But with a modern new building recently erected at the county seat there is promise of better educational opportunities for the future. There are too many "little schools" in the county, and we find, as in other counties, that the more schools the smaller percentage of children enrolled. Of the 2,936 white children of school age in the county only 2,217 were reported as enrolled during the current school year. More than 60% of those enrolled are considerably over age for their grades. The average age at which they enter first grade is 7.7 years, while we find their average age on entering the second grade to be 9.7 years. More than half of the teachers of the county are serving at their present school for their first year, indicating frequent changes. The majority of these teachers receive for their services from $300 to $350 a year. Not very much could reasonably be expected under these conditions. BARTOW COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. 1920 1910 Population White Colored 18,261 19,039 5,665 6,348 Total Children Total 23,926 25,387 6-18 Years 7,593 7,622 Attending School 5,818 4,492 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. Over 10 Years 2,594 3,521 Illiterates 16-20 Years 269 463 Per Cent 14.7 19.4 No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 5,523 1923 6,232 Personal $2,235,472 Colored Total 1,797 1,663 7,320 7,895 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. White 152 95 Land $4,990,814 Corporation $1,061,962 Colored 39 Total 241 134 Polls $2,783 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF BARTOW COUNTY (Continued) Age Grade Retardation Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Number Normal. _ %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 1,273 570 600 611 465 353 313 119 91 73 24 33 18 23 29 21 10 7 7 5 3 2 731 223 206 210 137 119 102 47 52 39 15 509 329 371 372 307 224 204 65 34 31 7 4,492 158 1,881 2,453 33454326548 3 57 40 34 34 30 34 33 40 58 53 62 42 40 57 62 61 66 63 65 54 37 43 30 55 7.5 9.4 10.6 11.6 12.9 13.7 14.6 15.2 15.5 16.8 17.3. 0.5 1,4 1,6 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.2 0.5 0.8 0.3. RECORD OF BARTOW COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan & W. B. Hill, Supervisors, March, 1924. SCHOOL *CartersvHle *East Cartersville Atop Kingston 1 PineLog Taylorsville White Emerson Euharlee Linwood Stilesboro Adam's Chapel Allatoona Barnsley Cass Station CassvUle Center CrossRoads Cunningham Davis Five Forks Flex-a-Tile Folsom Ligon Mineral Springs Oak Grove OakHill Pine Forest ., Ransom Rebecca RockHill Smithville Snow Spring Stoner s"3$ 9 $ 18,220 9 6,840 9 3,060 8 2,440 8 2,000 8 1,905 8 1,880 8 1,800 .... 6J 1,286 .". 6 930 8 1,400 6 630 6 660 6 600 6 840 6 750 6 720 6 720 6 720 6 690 6 660 7 1,050 6 690 6 660 6 720 6 660 6 630 6 720 6 930 6 750 6 660 6 750 6 660 6 660 aCmD a II o SI Ml 2 L 03 M 03 , 3 do to to m 18 11 17 17 9597 574 484 17 8 813 4 1 312 613 B C B A 369 A C C A 174 A E A 1! 150 .... E A B 5 10 4 4 4 139 .... E D D 3 10 4 394 373 4933 2731 312 4 3 3 123 111 .... E C D 120 ... E E C 189 A E C C 125..... C C c 103. ... E c c 3 10 3 3 3 2 151 D E A D 2 6 2 .... 2 1 1 1 72. ... E C D 2 7 2 .... 2 2 2 61. ... E A D 2 7 2 .... 2 2 2 78. ... E B D 2722 2 116 D E D B 272 22 55. ... E D C 1 72 2111 66. ... E C D 262 2111 2721 1 1 12 87. ... E D C 62. ... E E D 272 22 63 D E D C 3822 2 2 95. ... E D D 2721 2 75. ... D C C 2 722 2 2 75. ... E D D 2 2 2 .. .. 2 2 48. ... E D D 2 2 2 ... 2 75. ... E D D 2 2 22 1 77. ... E D D 2 2 1 12 1 83. ... D D D 2 2112 1 93. ... E B D 2 2 2 .. 2 54. ... E D C 2 21 112 61 D E D C 2 21 2 1 73. ... E D D 2 2 2 .. 2 2 43. ... E D C 2 2 2 .. 2 1 91. ... E D B 2 2 2 1 47. E D B - GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS Bates. Bethany Big Pond Oorbin Dry Creek Grass Dale Liberty Hill Macedonia Mt. Pleasant Oak Dale Pleasant Valley.. Reynolds Rock Creek Rowland Spring. Salacoa Stamp Creek Union Hill RECORD OF BARTOW COUNTY (Continued) 330 240 ... 1 1 300 1 .. 1 600 1 270 1 180 ... 1 1 300 1 1 300 ___ 1 1 330 1 360 1 300 1 1 240 1 1 360 360 330 360 270 33..__ E D D 29 E D D 50.... E D D 37 E D D 32-._. B E E 31 E E E 35_._. E D E 33 C D D 37.... E D D 23 D C D 47 E D E 41 E D E 23 E E E 48 E E E 28 E E D 28 E D E 49...- E D D Total 6+ $63,721 123 .121 70 51 105 16 61 4,498 E+D+D+ REPORT ON SURVEY OF BARTOW COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan, & W. B. Hill. Of the 6,232 white children of school age in Bartow County it appears that 1,234 of them failed to enroll in the public schools during the current school year. There are fifty one white public schools provided for them, but here, as elswhere, it seems that the larger the number of schools provided for them the smaller the.percentage of the children take advantage of them. This very significant fact as generally shown from our recent surveys is worthy of serious study by our citizens and school people. These fifty one schools are served by 121 teachers, just half of whom change schools each year, preventing the possibility of constructive work. The land values of this county returned at five million dollars, besides the personal and corporate property, shows how able these people are to support their schools. Fewer schools and longer tenure of service by the teachers at the same schools would doubtless result in very much better attendance on the part of pupils, as has been the experience of other counties. Population MADISON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates 1920 1910 White 13,534 11,702 Colored 5,269 5,149 Total 18,803 16,851 6-18 Years 6,102 5,259 Attending School 3,835 3,282 Over 10 Years 2,416 2,718 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. 16-20 Years 250 316 No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. Per Cent 18.5 23.8 White 1918 256 1923 325 Colored 1,817 1,263 Total 6,073 5,588 White 97 62 Colored 127 39 Total 224 101 Personal $648,078 SCHOOL Danielsville Ila Comer Carlton Colbert Bond..., Diamond Hull Liberty Meadow Neese Norcross Pocataligo BlueStone. Bruce Farmer's Fowler's Harris Lilburn Mill Shoal Oak Grove Paoli Patterson Progress Rogers SawDust Smith's Velpoe Wesley Chapel Berryman Bethaven-- Carithers Cleveland Duluth Madison Springs Oakland Wrights Total GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF MADISON COUNTY (Continued) TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Polls $2,383,393 $410,615 $1,763 RECORD OF MADISON COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, March, 1924. aS gs A I3 oo d sni fc 0 10 11 10 11 8 11 6 11 5 10 4 10 38 39 3 10 3 3 39 39 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 26 37 27 37 27 27 27 27 27 15 15 15 15 25 15 15 26 n f> M O aCO o CD U > si tig a3 9g3 el dW do 55 5 5 4 3 3 1 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 1 1 2. 1 2. ... ... 1 ... ... 2 9 357 B C A B 5 302 C B A B 4 5 220 C B A B 3 197 DAB 3 ... 6 232 DC C 1 2 3 146.... E D C 2 5 1 148.... E D D .. 4 136.... BCD 4 4 67 E DD 136 E DE 5 132 E DD 106 E DD 95.... C D C 2 95_._. E D E 8 .... 50.... E D D 2 58.... D D E 61 E DE 3 ... 82.... CE 70..__ E D E EEE 2 . 75 DDE 1 1. 72.... E C C 2 2. 90 E DB 1 4. 75.... E D E 2 4. 96.... E E E 1 . .. 2 49 DDE 67 E DE 1 73 E DD 5 102 E DB 1 57_._. E D E 1 32 E DE 1 39.... D D D 1 29.... E D E 10 26 E DD 30 E DE ... 2 36 DDD 2 59 E DD 7+ $ 49,699 108. .101 68 33 73 28 52 73 36 3,783_, _ E+ D+ D 1 10 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF MADISON COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation Grade I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded_..: %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation 922 430 458 522 378 256 266 163 59 60 31 28 9 23 31 9 3 3 11 6 4 4 581 192 203 184 124 97 93 70 24 30 18 313 229 232 307 245 156 170 82 29 26 9 32562117 10 7 13 63 45 44 35 33 38 35 43 41 50 58 34 53 51 59 65 61 64 50 49 43 29 7.4 9.1 10.0 11.4 12.8 13.6 14.5 15.0 15.9 16.8 17.2 0.4 1.1 1.0 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.2 3,545 131 1,616 1,798 3 46 41 REPORT ON SURVEY OF MADISON COUNTY. BY M. L. Duggan. Of the thirty seven public schools in Madison County six run nine months, nine run for eight months, and seven run seven months. These schools are served by 101 teachers, half of whom change schools annually. Of the 4,325 white children of school age 3,783 enrolled in the public schools during the current school year. This is a much better showing than made by most counties. Again the age-grade retardation is less than in the majority of the counties, and their progress through the grades is nearly normal, as shown by the tabulations. Better roads that are being built will facilitiate consolidations of schools, which will greatly increase their efficiency. There are evidences of an increasing public sentiment for better schools. Population JACKSON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending School Over 10 Years 16-20 Per Cent Years 1 I 1920 17,671 6,982 24,653 7,821 8,356 2,873 260 16.4 1910 21,544 8,613 30,167 9,037 5,624 3,720 415 17.6 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. 1918 1923 White 5,028 5,390 Personal $1,504,290 Colored Total White 2,198 7,226 124 1,990 7,380 41 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land $3,772,380 Corporation $421,559 Colored 135 139 Total 259 180 Polls $3,447 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 11 RECORD OF JACKSON COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, March, 1924. SCHOOL o> a O 5a M aS >>2, P 03 dW *doo g2o P 03 Jefferson 9 $ 10,200 13 11 12 12 12 . Commerce 9 20,150 20 11 19 19 19 . 9 Maysville 9 6,525 9 11 6 6 Braselton 9 6,700 9 11 6 6_ 6 Dry Pond 6 1,350 4 10 4 3 3 Bold Spring 6 1,110 3 8 3 3. Hocshton 9 1,980 493 2 1 Nicholson - 6 1,035 3 8 3 2 3 Pendergrass 8| 1,750 6 10 3 3_ Plain View 6 1,170 3 9 3 3_ 1 Talmo 8 1,440 393 2 2 Walnut 6 1,200 3 3 3. 1 Adams 6 75"0 2 2 2. Apple Valley 6 720 2 2 1 1 Arcade 6"660 2 2 2. Archer's Grove 6 660 2 2 1 1 Attica 6 T'go 2 2 2. Berea 6 735 2 2 1 Bolton 6 735 2 2 1 Center - 6 735 2 2 1 CenterUnion 6 690 2 2 2. Deadwyler's 7 690 2 2 .2 Elmwood 6 540 2 2 1 Fair View-- 6 705 2 2 2 Harris 6 750 2 2 2. Hood's 6 540 2 2_ 1 Long View 7 690 2 2 .2 Lord's ... 6 645 2 2 2 Mt. View , 6 750 2 2 2 1 Massey 6 660 2 2 2 UnionHill 6 660 1 2 1 2 Wheeler's 6 840 2 2 .2 White Hill 6 690 2 2 2 Academy 6 240 1 1_ Bachelor's 6 360 2 1 _1 Bear Creek 6 360 1 1 .1 Diamond Hill 6 240 2 1. 1 Marcus 6 360 1 1 New Harmony 6 420 1 1 1 .. New Virgil 7 360 1 1 1 __ Orr's 6 360 1 1 1 __ Pond Fork 6 240 2 1 . __ 1 .. Potter's 6 360 1 11 1 .. Randolph Hall 6 360 1 1_ 1 __ Redstone 6 300 2 1. 1 ._ Tallassee 6 330 1 1 Victory Hill 6 330 1 1. 516 D C B A 634 C BA 148 C li A 213 D E A A 173 DDE 108 E C B 119 E D D D 141--. E D D 103 D D B D 127 E E C O 113.-- E C B 1 26..__ D D D 74___. E C D 77 EDC 58--. C D D 70 ECD 69--. E 0 C ... 75--. E D C ... ' 73 E CD ... 57___. E c C .... 64--. E D D ... 87.... E C C ... 68--. E D E .... 84--. E D D ... 85___. E D D .... 78.... E C D .... 84___. E C D 86--. E D D .... 55.... D D C .... 71_... E D D 92 E E E E 93. _. E O 68.. _ E C 49. _. E E E 61... E C C 40-- E D E 41___ D D E 35-- E D E 47-- E C D 42___ E C D 47-- E D D 83-- EDO 52-- D D D 43-- E D D 57-- D C D 28-- D C E 22-- E D E Total 6+ $ 73,825 139 .126 98 28 106 20 66 4,736.. _ E+D--D+ ---^^^^^^i 12 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS BECOKD OF JACKSON COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedlanAge) Med. Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 1,255 534 608 579 536 408 341 167 110 97 63 4,698 3 14 31 23 31 26 8 10 7 7 4 164 720 228 216 192 174 157 121 97 54 61 34 2,054 532 292 361 364 331 225 212 60 49 29 25 2,480 03546626676 3 57 42 35 33 32 38 36 58 49 63 54 44 43 55 60 63 62 56 62 36 45 30 40 53 7.7 9.2 10.4 11.5 12.6 13.3 14.6 14.5 15.8 16.4 17.6 0.7 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.6 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.6 REPORT ON SURVEY OF JACKSON COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan. Notwithstanding the general belief that Jackson county has probably enforced the compulsory attendance law better than any other county, still we find six hundred and forty four white children of school age who did not enroll in the schools of the county during the current year. However we believe from investigations that nearly all of these are either below or above the compulsory attendance age, although within the school ages. This number (644) is a much smaller proportion of the whole number (5,390) than is to be found in other counties. Jackson County authorities have shown that the compulsory attendance law, although weak and defective, can be enforced. Too many well built school houses have stood as a serious hindrance to school progress in Jackson county. However, there is nevertheless a growing public sentiment in favor of sacrificing some of these in the interest of consolidation. Of the forty five white schools in the county there are four eleven grade schools, and two ten grade schools, these employing fifty two teachers. There are fourteen little one-teacher schools, and only one of these have the same teacher this year that served last year. These are nearly all teachers of more than two years' experience, but a large percentage of holding "unsatisfactory license." The senior high schools are operated nine months, and no school less than six months. A strong administration and a public sentiment that will eliminate the "little schools" will gradually strengthen the entire county system. There are at present too many "independent systems" for the best interests of all. The schools are having a close and careful supervision. 1920 1910 1918 1923 Population JEFF DAVIS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White 5,707 4,457 Colored 1,615 1,593 Total 7,322 6,050 6-18 Years 2,415 1,904 Attending School 1,982 1,018 Over 10 Years 620 758 16-20 Years 67 Per Cent 12.1 18.0 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. I Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1,815 2,113 Colored 520 600 Total 2,335 2,713 White 17 12 Colored 22 20 Total 39 32 Personal $652,198 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF JEFF DAVIS COUNTY TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land $1,230,954 Corporation $419,275 RECORD OF JEFF DAVIS COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, Feb., 1924. 13 Polls $939 SCHOOL Hazlehurst Excelsior D.enton Rocky Branch Roper Satilla Union Union Grove Appleby Bridge Ford Brooker Eureka Hearn's Chapel Green Head McView Mt. Zion Oak Grove Oakland Oak Level Oak View Orico Palmer Palmetto . Pine Forest Piney Branch Pleasant Grove Winola Total Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation o V ,-* 03 CO 9 $ 12,450 5 .1,512 5 612 5 600 5 600 5 600 5 '612 5 550 5 300 5 350 5 350 5 287 5 300 5 100 5 300 5 350 5 337 5 375 5 350 5 362 5 312 5 300 5 350 5 325 '... 5 350 5 300 5 350 CD m 12 11 14 14 12 5 9 5 4 1 5. 2 7 2 2 .... 2 . 2 8 2 11 1 2 7 2 2 .... 1 2 8 2 11 1 2 7 2 2 .... 2 282 2 2 .. 161 1 17 11 3 7 11 17 1 1 16 11 161 1 15 11 16 11 17 1 1 17 1 1 1711 271 1 17 1 1 18 1 l 17 11 16 11.. 16 1 1 16 1 1 17 11 03 3 6 do 5 8 384 ... 173 61 : 52_. 62.. 85.. 60 : 1 61.. 24_. 42.. 1 27.. 20_. 35.. 10.. 56_. 30.. 46.. 44_. 1 36.. 45_. 40.. 31.. 44_. 15.. 28_. 54_. 24-_ II E BA E DD DDD E DD E DD EED E DD E DC E DD EED E D E D EED E DD E D C C E D E DD DE D DDD EED EED E DD E DD E DD EED E DD 5 + $ 23,587 51 50 37 13 43 7 35 5 8 1,1 .._ E+ D D Age-Grade Retardation II III IV VI VII VIII IX XI 367 205 34 10 208 102 125 93 95 57 50 34 45 7.8 8. 202 223 218 142 114 685 1 95 84 57 21 18 101 131 156 121 95 342 1 47 38 26 15 16 50 58 72 85 83 10.0 11.5 12.7 14.3 14.4 51 1 30 20 2 59 39 14.7 24 19 16 14 19 16 10 58 100 100 42 15.8 15.1 16.7. 0.8 1. 1.0 1.5 1.7 2.3 1.4 0.7 0.8 Total 1,581 65 664 852 4 42 54 14 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS REPORT ON SURVEY OF JEFF DAVIS COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan. Some significant facts revealed in the tabulations of the Jeff Davis County school system are: 1. The short school year of only five months. (The minimum under Georgia school law is six months.) 2. The character of rural school houses, estimated values being from $100.00 to $612.50. 3. Of the 25 rural schools 19 are one-teacher schools and six have two teachers each. 4. At only one of the one-teacher schools has the teacher served longer than the present year. Ten of the 12 teachers at the six two-teacher schools are serving the first year. 5. One-third of pupils in the first grade are more than eight years old, and two-thirds of them are above seven years old. Fifty-four per cent of all pupils are more than one year over-age for their grade. Many of them are from three to seven years over-age. 6. The County Board of Education is badly in debt, and public sentiment for liberal school support is not strong. Population WARREN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per CeDt 1920 4,007 7,821 11,828 3,703 2,518 2,075 234 1 24.2 1910 3,728 8,132 11,360 3,592 2,175 1,937 177 1 22.9 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,201 1923 1,132 Personal $646,548 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation Colored Total White 2,973 4,174 1 2,696 3,828 1 TAXAB LE VALUE 1923. Colored 143 125 Total 144 126 Land Corporation $1,515,645 $244,060 Ag Grade Retardation Polls $1,534 I II in IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI 163 78 99 99 85 91 60 68 34 22 20 14 622112331 111 45 60 51 31 37 16 34 15 8 12 38 27 37 46 53 53 42 31 16 13 8 9822113494 68 58 61 52 36 41 27 50 44 36 60 23 34 37 46 63 58 70 46 47 60 40 7.2 8.3 9.6 10.8 12.8 13.4 15.0 14.7 15.8 17.3 17.8 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.8 1.8 1.4 2.0 0.7 0.8 1.3 0.E Total 819 35 420 364 4 51 45 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 15 RECORD OF WARREN COUNTY BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor, April, 1924. SCHOOL Warrenton .- Norwood Camak Johnson Purvis Ware's Barnett Brier Creek Cadley Floral Hill Long Creek Macedonia Margaret Evans McGregor Mesena Pine Grove Skelley Stony Hill a 03 OS W 9 $ 9,160 9 2,610 9 2,475 7 875 7 965 7 980 7 420 7 450 7 525 7 525 7 455 7 420 7 560 7 560 7 490 7 385 7 490 7 525 +3 60 0 M a o H o CD CD H 01 d fc 0 d fc 8 11 8 39 3 2 10 2 28 2 28 2 29 1 71 3 3 11 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 ... 1 1 1 1 ___. d c3 OS 60 6- CD rt fg a p, eg dW do 30 'a3" pq H 18 217 .... 115 85 ____ 54 65. 69_ 20-_-- 15. 24 35_ 12. 30_ 2819_ 1726_ 20_ E BA BBB CBC E CC E DD E DD ADD DDD E CD E DD AE E EED DCC DCD BDD E DE ACC EEE Total 7+ $ 22,870 31 32 24 8 28 4 20 18 859__ D D+D + REPORT ON SURVEY OF WARREN COUNTY BY E. A. Pound. Warren County has an area of 271.6 square miles. It has eighteen white schools and twenty-seven colored schools. This number of schools is entirely too great for such a county in this day of good roads. The number can be easily reduced to nine white schools in the rural districts and the one at Warrenton for whites. This plan will perhaps be advocated by the school authorities and a five year program ) adopted by which consolidations of smaller schools will be made gradually each year. This will result in stronger schools and longer terms for the rural child and give him for the first time an approximation, at least, of an equality of educational opportunity. There is a splendid high school at Warrenton to which the rural high school pupil is invited without a tuition fee, inasmuch as this school receives the Barrett-Rogers fund of $1,000. At Norwood there is a nine grade junior high school and at Camak a ten grade junior high school. These schools can well take care of the secondary pupils of the county. In addition to these there are four other schools at- tempting to teach high school studies, and in two of them one teacher attempts to teach all the grades. This is poor educational economy as the high school pupils in such schools not only do not get adequate attention but the primary pupils in such schools have their time taken away by the presence of the high school pupils. These four high schools-so called-have but twelve pupils in the high school grades and yet these twelve pupils require much of the time of the four teachers who attempt to teach them. It would be much better if the County Board would limit the number of grades each school can teach and send these twelve pupils to Warrenton where they will have access to a good school and good teach- ers who can give them their entire time the whole day long instead of one eighth of the time. Many of the buildings should be eliminated and modern school-buildings erected, or better, many of them should be discarded and modern buildings erected in centrally located districts to be selected as sites for consolidated schools. This is the only feasible plan by which the rural child will ever have a chance at an education. The number of negro schools is also entirely too large and the majority of the schools are housed 16 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS EEPOET OF SURVEY OF WAEREN COUNTY (Continued) in negro churches, the titles not being held by the County Board. At least one Rosenwald building should be erected as a model school building for the negroes. The teachers are as a rule, earnest and diligent, and are doing the very best possible work under the circumstances. Orderliness and cleanliness in the schools visited was noted. The superintendent attributes this to a system of score cards which he has instituted in the county. Many of the teachers need further preparation, although they will measure up with the average teacher of the state. The length of term for whites is seven months, except at Warrenton, Camak and Norwood where the terms are nine months. The schools at these three places are all good schools, the school at Warrenton having recently spent quite a large sum in improvement of its equipment. The county has the unusual distinction of not only being out of debt but it practically has a balance of more than $13,000. The following recommendations are made: 1. A gradual consolidation of schools until at least half of the present number are eliminated by absorption or consolidation. 2. The increase in length of term as soon as conditions warrant. 3. Attendance upon summer schools of all teachers not now adequately prepared for their work. 4. Increase and improvement in equipment in all of the schools. 5. The development eventually of a county unit plan. 6. Improvement in buildings or the erection of modern consolidated schools. 7. Closer supervision of all the schools by an assistant to the superintendent. CHATOOGA COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 12,013 2,299 14,312 4,508 3,401 1,209 111 11.8 1910 11,154 2,454 13,608 4,114 2,515 1,396 170 14.4 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 3,659 1923 3,797 Personal $1,775,731 Colored Total White 893 4,553 89 824 4.621 29 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land $2,511,993 Corporation $484,383 Colored 60 25 Total 149 54 Polls $2,318 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 17 RECORD OF CHATOOGA COUNTY BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor. SCHOOL Summervllle Trlon Gore *Menlo Lyerly Berryton Chattoogaville Chelsea Pine Grove Taylor Institute Teloga Boiling Cloudland Dry Creek Farmersville Haywood Hendrix... Montvale Mt. Olive Spring Creek... Sprite Hanson Holland Johnston Myers Pennville Perennial Sand Mount Silver Hill Summerville Cotton Mill Welcome Hill Total.. Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal . Number Retarded %Accelerated %Nprmal. %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation %Sen 03 03 to 9 $ 5,490 9 10,440 9 6,890 9 3,690 9 3,375 8 1,440 6 1,020 6 1,200 6 810 9 7 1,400 7 630 7 546 6 420 6 300 6 360 6 360 7 525 6 360 6 360 7 350 6 690 7 805 6 750 6 660 7 875 6 630 6 690 7 805 6 540 7 875 a a0 0 B o ft ! W &3 33 ;ro 03 03 60 do a B 3wa 8 11 8 8 5 3 3 13 240A-- BA 14 8 11 11 8 3 4 9 459 B BA 6 11 6 6 152 1 133A-- E B B 6 11 6 6 513 9 207 __. C C 6 10 5 5 413 4 139 A CD 3 73 3 212 124 BD 3 733 2114 78.... CD 2833 1221 74.... 3832112 3 74 573 12 51 CD cD cD 3833 21 96 BE 16 11 __. 3 1 42 CD 17 11 1 26 CE 17 1 1 1. 23 CE 16 11 17.... D B E 18 11 30_._. DE 16 11 28.___ D D E 18 11 30 E CD 17 1 1 16..._ E 171 1. 40 E 16 11 12..._ D E E 18 2 2 62 E CD 2 8 2 11 39.... D 2 722 67 D 18 2 11 56 E 17 2 2 58_._. D 17 2 11 35.... D 17 2 2 2 48 E 2722 2 35 C 2322 112 68 CE 2 8 2 11 2 2 37 CD 6+ $47,286 84 84 72 9 53 28 45 33 31 2,439 --E+C+D-- Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 465 328 290 2 95 219 144 205 96 57 50 33 2,182 .. 21 7 11 7 14 9 8 4 5 1 1 88 ... 222 133 102 115 71 47 67 33 29 27 23 222 188 177 173 134 88 130 59 23 22 9 869 1,225 42426644823 4 48 40 35 39 32 32 32 34 50 54 70 39 48 58 61 59 62 62 64 62 42 44 27 57 7.7 9.2 10.5 11.4 12.4 13.5 14.5 15.4 15.7 16.7 17.5. 0.7 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 0.7 0.7 0.5. 18 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS REPORT ON SURVEY OF CHATOOGA COUNTY BY E. A. Pound. The following consolidations have been made within the past few years. A consolidation at Gore where four schools entered into the consolidation, and one at Teloga where two schools entered. The school at Gore is now an eleven grade high school and is applying for admittance to the accredited relation. New'buildings have been erected at both of these places, and also at Pine Grove. These buildings are a great improvement upon the type of rural building that existed before. The schools at Trion, Summerville, Lyerly and Menlo are creditable buildings. The county has fifteen high schools, one of which is a private high school. The total enrollment of high school pupils in the county is 272. The high schools at Gore, Summerville, Trion, Lyerly, Taylor and Menlo are creditable high schools, two of these are now applying for admission to the accredited class. Some of the other high schools are teaching through the eighth grade only, and two of them have one teacher teaching all eight grades. This is not good educational economy. These two schools should either supply another teacher, or better, send their high schools pupils to a larger high school where high school pupils can be given adequate attention. The county now has too many high schools and it would be well if some of them were eliminated as suggested above, and their high school pupils sent to a larger and better school. The following recommendations are made: 1. An extension of the length of term for all rural schools. The average length of term for the rural white school is six months; for the colored school, five months. 2. A continuation of the effort to improve the teachers. Much progress has been made in this particular in the past few years. Those not adequately prepared should attend summer schools. 3. Elimination of a few of the buildings now used for school purposes, and the erection of better ones. 4. The development of a consolidated school at Subligna and prehaps at Summerville and Lyerly. 5. The erection of at least one Rosenwald building for the negroes. Population MORGAN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Years School Years Per Cent 1920 7,256 12,886 20,142 6,136 4,253 3,339 366 22.4 1910 6,303 13,414 19,717 5,959 3,549 4,584 32.1 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 2,126 1923 1,912 Colored Total White 3,968 3,229 6,094 10 5,141 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 314 258 Total 324 264 Personal $1,235,975 Land $2,865,850 Corporation $453,982 Polls $1,521 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 19 RECORD OF MORGAN COUNTY BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor. SCHOOL *Madison SthDist. A andM. 1_Buckhead Rutledge Apalachee Bostwick Godfreyx Swords Brobston Memorial CentennialDavis Enterprise Fairplay Fairview Greenwood Hawbon Mallory Pennington... Rock Spring Sugar Creek CD CD 9 13,910 9 11,320 9 4,295 9 3,385 8| 2,280 9 2,205 9 2,015 82 1,742 8 400 8 400 8 480 8 400 8 480 8 700 8 400 8 400 8 400 8 480 8 400 8 400 w + S3 w 4^ CD a CD a r-t +3 d *-3 CD CD CD 03 a >,CD CD 03 M Sec 03 ccS^ o 32 0 o H CD 1 +J oW oO fl i--( iz; iz; W 1 CO Wl > CD Pi 03 60 CO oW do-3 a +3 sCD p. go n Bc 14 1 5 602 O E B A 8 4 4 424B-- D A A 5 3 1 362 C-- D A A 3 2 3 246 D C B B 4 1 1 146 E A A 3 3 1 88DOAD 2 125 EAC 23 114 DDC 1 50C-- D D D 1 52 DE D 2 1 .... 63 C-- E A B 1 20 EEE 1 36_._. E E D 7+ $ 39,989 73 63 45 18 42 21 47 18 15 2,328,,._ E+ C+ C+ 26 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF WILCOX COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation Grade I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age 'I Med. Retardation 575 315 279 286 241 210 157 121 73 37 20 27 15 14 17 20 1 1 3 1 356 130 130 112 89 69 55 54 30 16 199 158 134 160 135 121 101 86 40 20 3955791143 62 41 46 39 33 32 35 28 41 43 35 50 49 56 60 59 54 71 55 54 7.3 9.0 9.9 11.3 12.3 13.3 14.6 15.8 16.1 17.1 0.3 1.0 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.8 1.1 1.1 32~~ 6 22 4 18 70 12 17.0 2,326 125 1,043 1,158 6 45 49 REPORT ON SURVEY OF WILCOX COUNTY BY J. C. Dukes. Wilcox has done a splendid work in consolidation. There are thirteen white schools in the county. Four years ago there were thirty-eight. With one other consolidation, which should and probably will take place, the number would be reduced to ten. Oklahoma, Double Run, Bush and Buena, Vista should be consolidated. This would result in better advantages for the children in this section of the county. There are no independent systems in Wilcox. Abbeville and Rochelle were formerly independent systems, but have recently gone into the county system. There is a general feeling that the change was a wise one. High School ac?tvnta'ges are offered every child in the county. Abbeville and Rochelle are Senior High Schools, and are open to all High School pupils free of charge. Fitts and Fineview are recognized by the Board as Junior High Schools. Two four-teacher schools are teaching Junior High work at present. The smaller schools are limited to seven grades. Where consolidation has taken place the buildings and equipment are above the average. Especially is this true of the buildings. There are six new buildings in the county. Two others have recently been remodeled. These buildings range in value from $5,000 to $50,000. Adequate financial support has been provided for the schools. A county wide levy of 5 mills is made by the County Board. Nine of the thirteen districts supplement the county wide levy with a district levy of 5 mills for maintenance. Two districts levy 4 mills. One district makes a levy of 3 mills. One district has no levy. Eight districts are levying 5 mills to retire bonds which were voted for building purposes. The districts own #nd operate all trucks and wagons that are used for transporting pupils. The County Board provides a term of six months for all white and colored schools. It is recommended that a close co-operation exist between the district trustees and the County Board and Superintendent for the following reasons : 1. To secure full value for every dollar of district money disbursed. 2. To secure, if possible, a term of nine months for all the schools. At present four districts have nine months, two districts have seven months, and seven districts have six months. 3. To secure experienced and better trained teachers. A primary supervisor would add greatly to the effeciency of the system. Population PICKENS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 7,898 324 8,222 2,586 2,067 561 37 9.6 1910 8,601 440 9,041 2,634 1,819 1,094 92 17.6 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 27 PICKENS COUNTY (Continued) STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 2,327 1923 2,504 Personal $959,098 Colored Total White 94 2,421 78 130 2,634 28 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation $828,781 1 $225,419 RECORD OF PICKENS COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor. Colored 2 Total 80 28 Polls $1,705 SCHOOL Tate Jasper Marble City Jr. High_ Blaine Green Griffeth Harmony Hinton Indian Pine Ludville McDaniel Philadelphia Talking Rock Ball Creek Bennett Bruce Cagle Cross Roads Evans Federal Harris Holt Jerusalem Jones Pharr Salem Town Creek Weaver Whitestone Yellow Creek Total. a a> e) to 14,715 2,240 2,970 720 450 570 750 750 690 750 640 670 1,255 300 300 300 300 300 300 330 360 390 300 300 300 330 300 330 390 330 P so 11 11 14 14 .. 11 ._ 4 1. 1 1_ 1. 1. a $ aS a>s2so, CO , 39 =* 6W oO 01 8 1 11 303 C A 4 151 C O B 3 3 1 164___. E B 61. E D 72, E C E 77_ E D D 104_ E C E 62, E D E E CD ____ 77__ E D D .... 63__ E C D .___ 95.. E C D .... 106_. E D E .___ 38._ E C E 47 ECD 38 E c D 30____ E c E 37 E DE 49 E DE 55 E CE 67 E DE 48 EBD 36 CCD 21 E DE 47 E CE 49 E CE 41 E DE 57____ E C D 3 43____ E C E 45 DCE _6+ j.32,630 53 __.. 59 43 16 41 18 40 13 13 2,143... E+C--D- 28 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded. %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedlanAge Med. Retardation GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS PICKENS COUNTY (Coninued) Age-Grade Retardation I S S IV V VI VD VBO K X xT~ Total 606 267 290 262 220 189 196 55 32 13 11 25 11 12 6 5 3 3 4 1 1 318 83 88 65 61 45 29 13 5 8 6 263 173 190 191 154 141 164 38 26 5 4 444221 173 9 52 31 30 25 30 23 15 24 16 61 54 44 65 66 73 68 76 84 69 81 39 37 7.7 9.6 10.7 12.0 13.0 14.5 15.6 16.8 17.0 16.5 17.5 0.7 1.6 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.0 0.5 0.5 2 141 71 721 1 ,349 3 33 64 REPORT ON SURVEY OF PICKENS COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard. Pickens County has thirty white schools and two colored schools. Tate High School is a Senior High School while Jasper and Marble Hill High Schools do nine grades of work. Tate High School should qualify as an accredited school. The county Board uses the budget sustem of appropriating available resources and stays within the income for educational purposes. The standard of qualification of teachers has been raised noticeably during the past few years; however, this standard should be raised further. All two-story buildings have been safeguarded against fire hazard. The compulsory attendance law is being reasonably well enforced. Measles and Mumps have greatly reduced the average attendance in the schools during this winter. Recommendations: 1. Consolidations contemplated at Talking Rock, Hinton, and Ludville should be made as early as possible. 2. A Senior High School should be established at Jasper which will require a new building located upon a larger plot than the present one. 3. Tate High School should apply for accrediting. 4. Better roads should be constructed in the vicinity of the schools for the sake of attendance. 5. Better bildings in many places are a necessity. 6. The Nelson High School should be placed wholly in Pickens County as the larger part of the town and its industries as well as patrons are in Pickens County. This move may be made by concurrent action of grand juries of Cherokee and Pickens Counties. 1920 1910 1918 1923 Population BARROW COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White 10,136 Colored 3,051 Total 13,187 6-18 Years 4,060 Attending School 3,041 Over 10 Years 1,104 16-20 Years Per Cent 11.4 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 3,168 3,133 Colored 1,111 941 Total 4,279 4,074 White 39 28 Colored 82 43 Total 121 71 Personal $798,141 -Organized since 1910. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS BARROW COUNTY (Continued) TAXABLE VALUE 1828. Land $2,253,631 Corporation $456,814 RECORD OP BARROW COUNTY BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor. 29 Polls $2,151 SCHOOL Winder High Winder Mill Statham Auburn Bethlehem Cook's Consolidated ^Southeastern Coll. Christian Victron Bethel Carter Hill Cedar Creek Central Chandler County Line Maddox Paradise Thompson's Argonne Cedar Hill Liberty Maynes Mt. Bethel --Mt. Tabor Mulberry Parrish Rockwell S3 CO $17,820 1,125 5,130 2,000 2,440 1,530 930 690 660 720 720 675 675 690 69 0 520 6 450 6 210 6 450 6 420 6 450 4 160 6 450 450 450 a 18 11 19 19 2 4 2 2_ 6 11 49 4 10 49 10 8-11 2 7 3 .... 2821 2821 2 7 2 2. 2 8 2 2. 2 7 2 2. 3821 2721 2821 2 21 2 11 1 1 2 11 2 11 1 11 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 11 d esgi Ma a! 03 M fct 5 03 05 o + dO S5 pq 13 12 2 12 600B+ C B A 1 1 55.--- E D C 6 193B+ ABB 2 2 15 ---- 145B+ E D D 2 3 5 108 CEB 3 2 2 _ _ 145 EAC 3 1 2. 37 . E B B 122 .E E E 2 83.-- . E D E 111 62-__ . E D E 1 123 83__- . E E E 1 1 ?, 71--. . E D D .1 1 2 3 4-6_ _ - . E D D 1 1 15 62... E D D 2 60. _. E D D 2 73.. . E D E 11 77... . E E E 1 63... . D D E 11 31-- . E D D 1 1 4 1 55... . D D E 2 36.-. . E D D --- 1 1 1 46... _ E D O .22-.. E 1 22-.. T> E E 1 60.. E C D 41__ D D D Total..... 6+ $40'505 84 .... 74 61 13 50 24 37 43 13 2,346_... E+D+ D J-A private denominational school. -The children in this school should go to Statham, but the truck is not large enough to accommodate them. 30 Grade GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS BARROW COUNTY (Continued) Age Grade Retardation II III IV VI VII VIII IX X XI Total Total Number Accelerated, Number Normal Number Retarded ^Accelerated %Normal %Retarded . Median Age Med. Retardation,, 578 252 293 270 261 202 208 124 17 5 6 4 5 10 13 15 377 124 130 105 92 81 68 60 184 123 157 161 164 111 127 49 3 2 2 1 2 5 6 12 65 50 44 39 35 40 32 48 32 48 54 60 63 55 62 40 7.4 8.9 10.1 11.5 12.5 13.2 14.6 14.5 0.4 0.9 1.1 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.6 0.5 78 69 37 12 5 4 42 36 21 24 28 12 15 7 10 | 53 52 56 32 41 34 15.2 16.6 17.5 0.2 0.6 0.5 2,372 96 1,139 1,140 4 48 48 REPORT ON SURVEY OF BARROW COUNTY BY J. O. Martin. Barrow County has twenty-two white schools outside of Winder. All of them could be consolidated into seven. This would give them a most excellent system. Cook's Consolidated, and the Pepperton Schools are creditable ones. These houses were built after approved plans. Many of the school buildings are of the old type, and very little attention is given to their up keep. A number of the schools still have "summer terms" and two part time teachers. When the spring attendance runs low, the assistant teacher is dropped, and the principal "teaches the time out". Such a plan is usually carried out at the expense of the children. It is claimed that the new court house in Winder cost $200,000.00, and that the jail cost $50,000.00. This debt is the peoples' excuse for not levying more local tax for schools. Winder has an independent system of schools. The high school building is completely new, but has a most undesirable location. Situated as it is at the junction of two noisy streets, and very near a cemetery, the children have almost no ground on which to play, and the constant traffic on both sides is extremely hazardous to human life. However, there are some very bright spots on the otherwise dark picture. Earnest and painstaking teachers, clean and attractive rooms are found, and the superintendent is doing what he can to improve conditions. TALIAFERRO COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending School Over 10 Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 2,611 6,230 ,841 2,774 1,856 1,507 176 23.6 1910 2,316 6,450 ,766 3,325 1,718 1,707 186 27.3 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 735 1,811 2,546 6 93 99 1923 746 1,755 2,501 1 37 38 Personal $372,025 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS TALLIATERRO COUNTY (Continued) TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation $1,161,294 $142,137 RECORD OF TAILFERRO COUNTY. BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor, April, 1924. 31 Polls $1,193 SCHOOL Crawfordville Carter's Grove Sandy Cross.., Sharon Center Hill Edgewood Jennings Lunceton Lyneville Margaret's Grove Rayt own Riverside Robinson Sacred Heart Sc o 6 CM Z 9 $5,895 10 7 1,120 9 8 1,120 8 9 1,665 10 7 456 7 7 450 7 7 512 7 7 453 9 8 525 7 7 840 9 7 630 9 7 525 7 7 612 7 9 7 H I-is > P. do PS 2S 2? a p. 60 go C 10 211 C C A A 2 63 D A D E 1 36 E D C E 2 2 49 E A C D 16.... D D D ... 3 .... 23-... E D C 1 .. 1 1 .... 25_-_. D D D 1 1 .... 14-... E D D 1 ... 1 5 22 E C D D 1 ... 1 44 E C C D 1 ... ... 2 1 19 E A D D 1 ... 1 26 D D D C 1 _-. ... 12 33--_ B E D 4 40_ EA Total.. Grade Total i> Number AcceleratedNumber Normal Number Retarded.._ %Accelerated %Normal ^Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation 7+ $14,803 26 25 19 6 23 2 15 29 13 621. ... C D+B+ Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI 98 67 64 74 59 74 58 47 41 26 13 12 2 4 5 1 3 3 5 8 4 2 72 50 36 46 31 35 18 22 21 17 9 14 15 24 23 27 36 37 20 12 5 2 12 3 6 7 2 4 5 11 19 15 15 73 75 56 62 12 47 31 47 51 65 70 15 22 38 31 46 49 64 42 30 20 15 7.2 8.2 9.3 10.5 11.9 12.9 14.6 14.7 15.4 16.4 17.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.9 1.6 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.3 Total 621 49 357 215 8 57 35 REPORT ON SURVEY OF TALIAFERRO COUNTY BY I. S. Smith. All the schools of Taliaferro County run from seven to nine months and are well attended for the entire term. This county has a county unit system and transportation is given to pupils out of reach of a Junior and Senior High School. Some consolidations have been made with Stephens Institute at Crawfordville. The Board and Superintendent have some splendid plans for future consolidations, and the soon- er they can put these plans into effect the better it will be for the children of the county. Stephens Institute at Crawfordville receives State aid under the Barrett-Rogers Act, and is a splen- did example of what a central Senior High School can do for the entire county. There is probably not another school in the State having as large percentage of its enrollment in the High School. 32 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS GILMER COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years | School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 8,368 1910 9,166 38 8,406 2,639 1,755 687 71' 9,237 2,730 1,820 1,071 32 11.5 99 16.9 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored 1918 3,020 21 3,041 43 1923 3,043 11 3,054 46 1 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Total 43 47 Personal $433,133 Grade Total Number Accelerated. Number Normal Number Retarded.__ %Accele rated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation Land Corporation Polls $1,090,499 $242,517 Age-Grade Retardation $1,629 I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 542 237 251 347 267 153 147 42 17 16 2 2,021 48 6 7 12 8 5 1 4 4 95 271 102 77 103 44 28 18 223 129 167 232 215 120 128 9 25 2 3 3 3 1 50 43 30 30 17 18 12 41 54.5 68 67 80 79 87 7.6 9.3 10.8 11.7 13.7 14.8 15.6 0.6 1.3 1.8 1.7 2.7 2.8 2.6 10 28 10 24 66 16.0 2.0 5 12 30 70 17.1 2.1 8 666 42 1,260 25 4 50 32 25 100 64 15.6 19.0 2.0_... GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 33 RECORD OF GILMER COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor. SCHOOL *Gilmer County High 9 Oakland Clear Creek ____ 6 6 EastEllljay 9 Mt. Vernon _6 NewHope "'. 6 Rock Creek 6 Alpine Ayers Beren, Big Creek "' 6 6 6 6 Blue Ridge 6 Bucktown 6 Cashes Valley 6 CherryLog 6 Chopped Oak 6 Clayton 6 Covington 6 Cross Reads 6 Flat Branch 6 Gates Chapel 6 Harmony. 6 Harper _6 Kennemer _. 6 McArthur 6 Mountain View Institute...... 6 Mt. Pisgah 6 Mt. Town 6 Ninemile 6 North Cutt 6 Oak Grove 6 OakHill .' 6 Owltown 6 Pisgah 6 Pleasant Gap 1 Pleasant Hill 6 Protection 6 Ridgeway 6 Rolston 6 Salem 6 Santa Luca 6 Sharp 6 Tail's Creek 6 Talona 6 TurniptowM 6 Twiggs 6 Warlick 6 03 $8,145 1>320 516 780 516 546 510 330 300 300 180 216 216 216 216 216 30o 216 330 350 300 330 330 216 300 300 330 300 300 180 216 300 300 300 165 330 300 216 180 216 330 216 216 216 216 300 300 Total 6+ $22,922 0) 10 11 10 10 .. 3 7 3 3 .. 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 .. 2 1 _. 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 CD 1 _. 1 .. 1 __ 1 .. 1 .. 1 _. 1 .. 1 .. 1 _. 1 .. 1 _. 1 .. 03 03 o'O M El S3 aft go m 1 12 294 A BA 3 1 151.... BB 59..._ DE 20. 79 D DD 56 E DE 56 ECE 57 E CE 40 ECE 26 E DE 20_... E E E 16 EEE 32 EEE 30_._. D D D 1 33.... DDE 1 34 EEE 1 23 E DE 11 40.... E D E 46 ECE 41 E DE 31 E OE 27 E OE 17 E C E 67 E DE 22_.__ C D E 35_... E D E 43____ E C E 38.... E B C 35 E DE 32.... COD 33 E DD 20 CCD 29_... E D E 34____ E D E 51_... E E E 21 E CE 38 E CD 32 E DE 25.._. E C D 23,,__. E E D 24.... E D E 41.... DOE 12 33 DCE 1 2 .... 34_... D D E 11 24 EDE 1 27 E OE 1 34 E DE 1 45.... E D E 65 63 41 22 44 19 41 48 17 2,048 E+D+E+ 34 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS REPORT OF GILMER COUNTY SURVEY BY Geo. D. Godard. The schools of Gilmer County consist of forty-six white schools and one small colored school. The Ellijay public school is a local system, but is approved by the county board of education as the county high school. This school is an accredited high school of eleven grades, and is doing splendid work, judging from tests and observation. Ellijay high school is the only school in the county doing high school work worthy of account. The geographic barriers of the surface of the county, together with the poor roads have prevented consolidation of schools to any extent. Two minor consolidations have been made and others are contemplated until better roads aremade, it will be impossible to make more than a few minor consolidations. However, these ccntclidaticES shculd reduce the nvrrter of schools to thirty. Thirty schols would give fifteen square miles to the school district. This reduction in the number of schools might necessitate some re-location of school centers which would doubtless better conditions. Of the 55 teachers, 22 have only 7th grade preparation; 11 only 8th grade training; 11 have 9th grade; 6 have 10th grade; 4 have 11th grade; and one 3 years of college work. 40% of the teachers have only 7th grade training. It may be readily seen that good schools for the county are an impossibility so long as conditions make the employment of low grade teachers a necessity. Under the conditions prevailing, the strict enforcement of the compulsory attendance law has been judged impossible. The school houses are of the old type, generally, only a few conforming to modern plan. The Ellijay High School has a splendidly equipped faculty, a moderately well furnished building, and an interested student body. Several rural teachers are enrolling in the upper grades at the close of their rural schools. It is recommended that Ellijay be merged into a school district with power of taxation, and that a primary school of four grades with one teacher be placed within this district at East Ellijay. This school should have a nice, modern well equipped one-room school house. In no event should more than one teacher be given to said school. If it should become necessary, the fourth grade should be sent to Elli- jay. Recommendations: 1. Several minor consolidations of schools should be made, reducing the present number of 46 to 30 schools. 2. The county Board of Education should make the full constitutional levy of five mills for schools, instead of 3? mills as at present. 3. That a better prepared class of teachers be employed. 4. That fuller recognition of the Ellijay High School be made, on the part of the County Board of Education, by a larger contribution in the form of tuition for the rural pupils attending said school. 5. That greater inducement be offered to rural boys and girls to enter the Ellijay High School, (which is the county high school) that they may obtain higher training. 6. And last biit not least, that the roads near schools be improved in order to strengthen school interest. Georgia State School Items Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Act of October 3,1917, authorized October 5,1923. Vol.1 Atlanta, June 1, 1924 No. 15 To His Excellency, Hon. Clifford Walker, Governor of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga. Dear Sir: I have the honor to transmit through you to the General Assembly the 52nd Annual Report of the Department of Education of the State of Georgia. The law requires of the State Superintendent that he submit through you to the General Assembly the many details, both financial and administrative, of the State School System. A later Act requires the publishing of a Blue Book in which the reports should be considerably condensed. Obeying both the spirit and the letter of the law, we hand you herewith our recommendations and report. All other items enumerated in the Act requiring this report have either been previously published, or are now being published in the Georgia State School Items, which have been sent semimonthly to each member of the General Assembly and, in addition, will.be bound together and presented to every member. While this is a departure from the procedure heretofore, we feel sure it will give in detail the operations of the school system of Georgia far more completely than has heretofore been given. ATTENDANCE The bane of all school systems, as well as the greatest loss, is due most to the enrollment and nonattendance of those who enroll. The statistics heretofore given upon attendance have of necessity been but guess work, since there was an attempt to consolidate two separate terms of the school. That accurate statistics might be obtained, last fall we directed that attendance cards be sent to each school, upon which a record of each child should be made, that would show their absences in any calendar month. It was an effort to determine what effect the industries, weather, or sickness, might have upon the attendance during any particular period of the year. The consolidation of these reports is not yet completed, but as soon as it is completed, it will be published in the School Items, and will form a part of this report. Too many children reported in the census do not enroll in school. Too many who are enrolled do not attend school with any regularity. This places a double burden upon the state and double expense, either the children are not educated or else it is accomplished at great cost. Last fall, in inspecting one of the very best of the consolidated schools of Georgia, located in a fertile valley, in which the chief occupation of the people was that of raising cotton, at the time of visitation the fields were white. There was a great necessity upon the farmers to gather it as soon as possible, that rain and storms might not lower its grade, and that they might get it in marketable condition at once. The ordinary enrollment of the school in this particular section was approximately 500 children. We found less than 200 present. The other 300 were in the cotton fields, picking cotton. Although the parents of the children had sufficient means to hire help, there was none to be obtained and necessity forced them to take their children out of school. The question naturally arises, Can a school be successfully taught under these conditions?" Would it not be better to have separate terms and, during the season that the industry of the community demands their children at home, let this be a vacation period? By this means all the children could attend the maximum term of school; otherwise, if it remains as it is. those children who do attend must stop and "beat time" for those who are out, as they return to catch up with them. We hope that when this report is thoroughly digested it will answer satisfactorily many questions involving the attendance and enrollment of the children in the schools. It will at least be the first attempt to gather accurate stastistics on attendance and the causes for non-attendance. 2 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS SURVEY There exists great inequality in educational opportunity for the children in different sections throughout the state. Some children have opportunity for attending school but four months, and are often taught for this short period by inferior teachers. Other children have opportunity for attending nine months, in buildings well equipped and taught by most excellent teachers. That this condition might be inquired into and remedies suggested to correct it, we directed a survey of the entire state to be made by the supervisors and with practically no additional expense to the state, and without diverting the supervisors from their work as indicated by the statutes creating them. Mr. M. L. Duggan, the veteran supervisor, was assigned to direct this work, assisted by supervisors E. A. Pound, I. S. Smith, J. O. Martin, George D. Godard, and Walter B Hill. In addition to the supervisors, Supt. W. A. Sutton, assisted by Miss Mary Postell and Mr. M. E. Ooleman, Superintendents J. O. Dukes, Roland Bower, O. B. Gibson, Lawton B. Evans, J. E. Mathis, R. B. Daniel, L. M. Lester, J. M. Starr, and Walter McMichael, and the three Normal Schools, under the direction of their Presidents, Dr. Jere M. Pound, of the State Normal School, Athens, Ga., Dr. M. M. Parks, Georgia State College for Women, Milledgeville, Ga., and President R. H. Powell, of the Georgia State Womans College, Valdosta, Ga., all contributed valuable assistance in this survey, and wonderful cooperation was given by the county and city superintendents and the county and city Boards of Education. This survey has gathered a vast amount of material. While it has not yet been digested, or even completely compiled, still it forms a basis for future comparison of growth in the school system of Georgia. Below I give a brief report of Mr. Duggan upon this survey. REPORT OF M. L. DUGGAN, Rural School Agent for Georgia. The field forces of the State Department of Education have devoted practically their whole time during the current school year just ending in making a hurried survey of the schools and county and city school systems of every county in the state. After assisting them in this field work for the first few months the extension forceof the Georgia State College for Women has worked in the office tabulating the results of these investigations and arranging some of the most significant facts for publication. These consolidations and tabulations by counties have been published in the School Items, a bulletin issued semi-monthly from the State Department of Education, with a few hasty comments upon each one by the particular supervisor who had covered that county. Sometimes a few simple recommendations were added. However, it has been impossible during the strenuous progress of this state-wide work to deliberately study or accurately interpret this great mass of detailed information, and much time and thought will yet be given to it before any final or valuable report can be made. An immense amount of detailed work has been done upon this survey both in the field and in the office, and it cannot be claimed to be absolutely accurate in its every detail, but the information recorded has been obtained at first hand by the field forces from personal inspection of the schools, from the teachers, and from the offices of the county school superintendents. With no direct aid given by the Legislature, it would have been impossible for the regular field forces of the Department of Education to have accomplished such an extensive survey without the aid of the Extension Department of the Georgia State College for Women and we here acknowledge our indebtedness to President Parks for this invaluable assistance. We desire, also, to acknowledge our indebtedness and express our appreciation for this faithful service personally to Miss Lurline Parker, Miss Sarah Mell Duggan and Miss Rebecca Hearn through whom the G. S. C. W. has done its extension work. This institution has rendered valuable aid to the State Department of Education and the public schools of Georgia through these young ladies for several years, and in acknowledging our indebtedness and appreciation we desire furthermore to express the earnest hope that the college may be able to continue this service through future years Besides the aid rendered through the G. S. C. W., we have been occasionally aided by Miss Euri Belle Bolton, of Peabody College for Teachers; Miss Elizabeth Holt, of G.S.C. W; the superintendents of several city and county systems; the Georgia State Womans College; the State Normal School; and others; to all of whom we are indebted. It is not our purpose to discuss the survey in this report but only desire to call attention to it as published in the SCHOOL ITEMS and to request the aid of all good citizens and school officials in its true interpretation. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS CONSOLIDATIONS AND SCHOOL BUILDING Consolidation of small schools into lafg er schools is not necessarily the panacea of all the ills that afflict the school system. Indeed, it is better not to consolidate than to unwisely do it. Many consolidations have been highly beneficial; many others have really done harm. It is better to go very slow in consolidating; develop first a strong sentiment in favor of it; be honest with the community affected; tell them that it will cost morein dollars and cents than their one-teacher school, but that they will have better schools and their children better advantages on account of the consolidation. The chief argument favoring consolidation is that a teacher can do better work in giving five hours to one grade of children than she can possibly do by dividing this time among seven grades. In other words, under the latter plan she can give but one-seventh of the school time to any one grade of children. Too often in this school there are a few pupils in the eighth and ninth grades that consume nearly half of the teacher's time, to the neglect of the other children of the school. There has been a considerable cessation of building of new school houses for the last two years, due to the present depression that has affected the entire state. While the gross amount invested is considerable, a large part of it is due to the more than two million dollars invested by the city of Atlanta in school buiJdings.-However, all over the state where buildings are inadequate and insufficient, a strong sentiment is developing in favor of the erection of new, up-to-date and commodious school buildings and nothing but the poverty of the different communities prevents. The law permits a community to issue bonds up to seven per cent of its taxable value, but with the farmers' fields for the last two years devasted by insects and deluged by rains, though the maximum value was assessed, it would not be sufficient to build such a schoolhouse as the community needs and ought to have. We therefore earnestly urge that the State provide a fund, either by bond issue or otherwise, at least to match the fund raised by these communities that they might erect school buildings suitable for the needs of the communities. Only by this means can Georgia's children have equal opportunity in regard to school buildings. I herewith append a report upon this question by Mr. M. L. Duggan, who has given much time and attention to the matter, both of consolidation and school buildings. CONSOLIDATIONS. By M. L. Duggan. From the school survey and from other sources of information it is evident that the public demand for the consolidation of little one-teacher schools into larger and more efficient consolidated schools is growing in Georgia much faster than the financial ability of school officials to build and maintain them. We have arrived at a period of public school development where now the main question of consolidation is no longer a problem of public sentiment, but a problem of the ability of school officials to finance them. And this has become a serious problem in many instances. We are frequently called upon lately to discuss with Boards of Education and communities this now commonly current problem. It is strictly a business rather than a professional problem, and should be considered by business men in a business-like way. The failure to solve this problem in the beginning of the movement has been the only cause to which we could attribute the failures of the few consolidations which have gone to pieces. However, there have been extremely few consolidations in Georgia that have not proven successful, and a consolidated shcool in any county stands as the strongest possible argument for consolidation. We have experimented in the "little schools" at the expense of our children too long already. We have wasted the taxpayers' money and the opportunities of their children until temporizing further falls little short of educational crime. It is time for us to apply business methods to the organization and administration of our county school systems, and it is gratifying to know that public sentiment is demanding this more and more each year. Under the vigorous leadership of Miss Elizabeth Holt and others remarkable and gratifying progress has been made in creating a public demand for better and permanent school houses and in educating school officials in the important matter of public school architecture. The many model school buildings recently erected in nearly every section of the State stands as strongest appeals for better physical conditions generally, and not much longer will any community be satisfied with the temporary shacks in which they have never taken much interest. More and more does the public realize that permanent public buildings should be paid for by bond issues, and that generally the longer these bonds are in maturing the more permanent will be the construction of the buildings. Under legal limitations many rural communities can not issue bonds sufficient in amount to adequately house a consolidated school. The question arises whether or not some equalizing fund through state-wide bond issues should not lend pre 4 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS aid to such communities. Good public roads greatly facilitate consolidation of rural schools. These two public interests are of first and equal importance. The advisability of building permanent roads by bond issues is generally conceded in business circles. It is very probable that a joint campaign at a proper time for a State bond issue to be equitably divided for public rural schools and public rural roads would be looked upon with favor by the voters of the State. The results of such a campaign, if successful, would tremendously accelerate the progress in rural school education in Georgia. NEGRO SCHOOLS The report of Rev. George D. Godard, herewith appended, is so complete and our agreement with his conclusions is so definite that there is no need of futher comment. Report By GEO. D. GODARD In making any statement an illustration by means of figures makes it easier of understanding. Hence, the figures offered below will make plain the progress which has been made in the colored schools of the state during the past five years. School Census 1918 1923 Percent Increase Number colored children (6 to 18). 369,107 376,217 1.9% Number colored children illiterate __ 20,148 12,383 Number of colored children enrolled 263,531 275,193 Number colored teachers... 4,516 5,155 Number holding professional or high school license, 155 257 Number holding general elementary license 2,720 3,039 Number holding primary license 1,555 1,720 Number normal trained teachers 1,329 1,577 Number school buildings for colored children 2,298 3,008 Value of school buildings $1,388,722 $2,255,842 Attendance as percent of enrollment 62.2% 68.5% The figures above show: (1) That the number of colored children of school age is increasing. (2) That illiterates (10 to 18 years of age) are decidedly diminishing. (3) That the enrollment of colored children is larger. (4) That the per cent attendance is higher. (5) That the number of colored teachers has increased more than 14%. (6) That these teachers hold a more satisfactory grade of license. (7) That there is a larger per cent of normal trained teachers. (8) That the value of school buildings for colored children has nearly doubled in five years. WORK FOR NEGROES 1923-24. The work for the Negroes has been carried on with certain definite aims in view. These aims have been: The building of as many modern schoolhouses as possible; the development of industrial and agricultural high schools, known as County Training Schools; the teaching of handicrafts, plain sewing, and other industrial subjects in the rural schools; the selection and training of Smith-Hughes Agricultural teachers and teachers to be principals of industrial schools; the conducting of institutes in many counties; and the improvement of the teachers by summer school training and scholarships to Hampton and Tuskegee Institutes. (1) Building of modern schoolhouses: Economic conditions due to the boll weevil and to crop failures have prevented this movement from going as it should. Forty-two applications for financial aid from the Rosenwald Fund were approved. If these buildings are completed, there will be in all 133 buildings. These schools will have a pupil capacity of 17,575. The amount of the Rosenwald budget for this year was $40,000. No school received less than $400 or more than $1500. The amount given for a teaehers* home is $900. Three homes were built under the 1923-24 budget. Nearly all the rural schools have taken care of two or more old schools. The three, four and five-teacher type of school building has predominated. In this work the Rosenwald Fund paid the salary of a colored agent. Clark University cooperated by paying the travelling expenses of this agent. The work of this man, Harrison C Adams, was very helpful. (2) Five industrial high schools, or County Training Schools, were built at Cuthbert, Douglas, Bainbridge, Richland, and Sumter, (in Sumter County). The first three have brick buildings and the last two have teachers' homes as well as modern school buildings. The General Education Board gave GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS $1,000 to each school to help on the eqipment. This money was used for desks, tools, cooking utensils, sewing machines, books, etc. The Slater Fund gave each school financial aid for the girls' industrial work at the rate of $500 a year. All of these new schools, except one, began with the Smith-Hughes vocational agricultural work. The Slater Fund aids 17 schools in Georgia, to the extent of $6,600 a year. The General Education Board gave $1,478 to supplement the salaries of the teachers. One Hundred and two teachers are employed in these schools. No county has more than one school receiving aid from this Fund. (3) The Jeanes Fund gave the State $8,574, and $6,810.50 was used with this, from county school funds. Twenty-six counties cooperated in paying industrial supervising teachers who work with the negro schools as assistants to the county superintendents. In addition to these, two State Jeanes agents were employed, Lydia D. Thornton and Mary E. Walker. Lydia D. Thornton lost her lif e in an accident which happened in Deactur County. She had been in the work several years and had been very successful. Her loss was a serious blow to the Jeanes work in Georgia. Mary E. Walker worked in twenty counties. She conducted institutes and held community meetings for school betterment. The cooperation of the county superintendents in this work has been very encouraging. Many favorable comments have been passed on this work. In the counties that have these industrial supervisors, all the pupils in the schools are taught to use native materials such as pine-straw, bullrush, wiregrass, etc., in making mats, baskets, and other useful articles. Through a cooperative arrangement with the Jeanes Fund, each supervisor was supplied with a set of tools. This has made it possible to introduce some manual training into a large number of rural schools 'The teaching of sewing and other industrial subjects has been of value to the pupils. The small amount of money spent on this work has reached thousands of school children with a program related to the lives of the children. (4) The Smith -Hughes work in vocational agriculture has been handicapped because of alack of trained teachers for this work. It has been found that only a teacher who is by reason of native ability superior can make a success in this work. In recognition of this fact, sixteen teachers were selected from a large number considered, and given scholarships to Tuskegee. These men have already made good in the teaching profession, and are well educated. It is thought that with the further advantages of technical training in agriculture they will make good as teachers of this subject. It is expected some of these men will become principals of the new industrial high schools. (5) On account of the cost, only a few teachers were given scholarships to Hampton Institute in Virginia. However, a^larger number were sent to Tuskegee. Many of these are teachers in Rosenwald schools. These are ambitious teachers who want to prepare themselves for larger schools and more responsible work. There will be summer schools for colored teachers at Albany, Forsyth, Savannah, Augusta, and Atlanta. The first three named will be conducted at the State schools located at those places; the school in Atlanta will be at Mourehouse College and the one in Augusta will be at Paine College. The sum of $10,000is available for these schools. It was provided as follows: State appropriation for Albany $2,500; for Forsyth $1,000; from $20,000 fund given by State for all summber schools, $2,000 from th General Education Board, $3,000; from local sources $1,500. The amount given for Hampton and Tuskegee scholarships by the General Education Board wsa $1,000. This was used to pay the railroad fare of teachers to and from the institutions. Recommendations: 1. That Negro schools receive consideration in the matter of bond issues for buildings. In the past, these schools have been disregarded when bonds were issued, in many towns and districts. 2. That all counties, where there is a large Negro population, employ a Jeanes Industrial Supervisor or Home Demonstration agent, in order that the work of the rural school may be better related to the home and made more practical. 3. That every county build at least one good school with four or more teachers, in which industrial work for girls and vocational agriculture for boys may be taught. 4. That counties adopt the policy of building at least one Rosenwald rural school a year, where this is possible. In this way many modern buildings may be built each year. 5. That negro teachers be paid according to their real worth as shown by ability, grade of certificate, scholarship, and length of successful service. 6. That county and town Boards of Education encourage worthy and ambitious Negro teachers to attend summer schools, by paying them all or part of a month's salary for attendance and satisfactory work. If each county would encourage a few teachers in this way each year, there would be a great improvement in the teaching force of the entire state in five years. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 7. At least one real agricultural junior college should be developed at a suitable place near the center of the State, and given financial support which would enable it to function and really serve the rural Negro population of Georgia. A start in this direction has been made at Forsyth, but the school cannot accomplish much on $5,000 a year. The school is handicapped also by lack of suitable buildings. FINANCIAL Georgia has attempted to develop a school system by appropriations from its Treasury and apportioned according to the school census as returned from each county. While this fund has been supplemented by municipal tax, local school tax, and county-wide tax, yet the fact remains that the basic appropriation is that of the State. Georgia will be the last state to desert this plan and make the basic support of the schools local, and since the recent decision j)f the Supreme Court in the case of "Hanks, Commissioner, vs. D'Arcy" has seemingly removed every obstacle from putting Georgia in line with other states, it is time at least to consider this in the light of the experience of other communities. Only by utilizing the principal enunciated in the above decision can Georgia give to her children equal educational opportunity. It is unreasonable to suppose that the State does not love all of her children equally; it is unreasonable to suppose that Georgia would deny a child the right of an education simply because he might live in any one particular section of the state. Then, why should not the state fund, or at least a part of it, be used as an equalizing fund to bring up the opportunity of the neglected child, where ever he may be? After a county has done its utmost, paying the same millage as the richest county in the state, is it not the duty of the state to come to the relief of the county and give its children the same opportunity as is given to the children in any other section? The solution of this problem is one of the most important for the present. While it may not be wise to present it to the second session of the General Assembly, after the general appropriation has already been passed last summer, yet it should be a question to be kept in mind and presented at the next session of the General Assembly in 1925. I herewith append a report of Mr. I. S. Smith, School Supervisor, in whose judgment and opinion upon financial operations I have the greatest confidence. FINANCES. By I. S. Smith. When we review the things we are doing for the education of the children of Georgia, we at once begin to summarize the things that need to be done, and done at once, if we are to so train our children that they may be able to develop into the best type of citizens. Many of our teachers do not have the training commensurate with the needs for building the system of schools that we need and must have. This is due very largely to the small salary received for their work and the short term of employment during the year. Not many persons, regardless of the profession followed, will spend much time and money in preparation for a profession that pays from $50 to $75 per month for from five to seven months each year. This is what a vast majority of the teachers of Georgia is asked to do. Our school term is too short. It is so short that it encourages waste of the funds that we do spend, from practically every angle it may be viewed. Due to this, many of our young men and women who are capable of succeeding in their life's work shun teaching because of the short term of employment and the long vacation that follows, thus leaving our schools, especially rural schools, to be taught by untrained and inexperienced teachers who are really in training for some other profession. There is a great waste here on the part of the children. The term is so short it is impossible for them to finish their grades. They take a long vacation, forget much of what they learned during the five or six months term, and at the opening of the next term begin about at the same place in their stuides they did the term before. This accounts very largely for the retardation ingrades found so often in the school survey recently finished. An eight months term should be the minimum. We need better buildings and better equipment. We learn from good authority that 33% of the children who finish high school in the U. S. acquire near-sightedness because of having attended school in houses not properly lighted. If this is true, this one item would warrant the cost of a modern building in every school district in Georgia where one is needed. We need free school books. I believe that this need is as imperative as any of the other things enumerated above. It is easy to point out what we need but to get it takes finances and that is where the difficulty GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 7 comes in building the system of schools we need and must have in Georgia. We must realize that education is bought just as any other commodity. If we put little in our banking institutions, our railroads, or our farming interest, we get little in return, and a sane business man or woman would expect nothing else. The same is true with our schools. We can't hope to educate our citizenship as well as other states are educating theirs, as long as we spend $10 per capita while others are spending four, five, and six times as much. The Klders-Carswell law enables us to levy five mills county wide tax for the support of schools and permits districts, by a special vote, to levy five additional mills for the support of the schools. In the wealthy counties and districts this is ample for the maintenance of a good school system but in the poorer counties and districts it is not. There should be an equalizing fund coming directly from the state to the aid of the poorer counties and districts. In many instances we find them levying the limit for the support of their schools, using all the levy for maintenance and yet are not able to run their schools for over six or seven months. Surely no one would oppose an equalizing fund coming to the rescue of a citizenship that has done so much. The Barrett-Rogers Act which appropriates $100,000 for the aid of high schools and $100,000 for consolidated rural schools has done as much and possibly more than any other one agency toward the stimulation of at least one good county high school in each county, and consolidation of schools throughout the state. Its effectiveness is the strongest argument that could possibly be made for an equalizing fund. At this time we hear much about the need for a bond issue for public roads. No doubt the need here is very great and the future development of the state demands that this be done. There, too is another worthy call for a bond issue that merits the consideration of our Legislature. We are in need of better school buildings and equipment. If the state were in position to meet the counties and disdistricts on a fifty-fifty basis, we could get them. Otherwise it will be a very slow process in most places, and in many, it would never be done, because they do not have the wealth to warrant the building of proper school houses nor the proper roads in many counties of the state. Since the begining of the public school system in Georgia, the state has been one year behind in the payment of her teachers. This amounts to a loss of at least $50,000.00 to the teachers each year, besides the inconvenience caused by the delay, etc. It seems that it would be.more business-like for the state to deal with the teachers as she does with other agencies, and pay them promptly. To do this it will require an increase in the state levy for one year or a bond issue equal to one year's appropriation. It is very evident that one or the other should be done. HIGH SCHOOLS The wonderful progress of the high schools in the state has been phenomenal in the last few years. No other one thing in educational matters has shown such wonderful growth and expansion. I herewith append a report of Mr E. A. Pound, High School Supervisor, and invite your careful study and consideration. Mr Pound has made considerable study of this question and his conclusions should be weighed carefully. We approve both the data and the conclusions reached in his report. REPORT OF E. A. POUND, State High School Supervisor. The growth in number of schools and in enrollement in the high schools of the state is one of the outstanding achievements of the state. In 1905, there were but eleven four year accredited high schools. Today, there are 275. In 1905, 5000 pupils were enrolled in the high schools and 94 graduates were turned out. During the past year, there were 41,302 pupils in the accredited high schools. During 1923, 8,057 were graduated from the accredited high schools. Please note the following report complied by Dr J. S. Stewart, Secretary of the Accrediting Committee. 8 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 4yearPublic 4 year Private- Enrollment of Students in the Accredited Schools, 1923. Boys 18,950 ...- 1,885 Girls 19,046 1,421 Total 37,996 3,306 Increase 6,656 6 Total 4 year Public 4 year Private 20,835 20,467 Number of Graduates in above High Schools. 4,146 3,134 - 457 230 41,302 7,280 777 6,662 2,422 90 Total Public Private : 4,603 3,364 8,057 Total Enrollment in the Above Accredited Schools by Grades. Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys 6,025 6,524 4,921 5,281 3,858 4,117 4,146 545 308 407 355 476 348 457 2,512 Girls 3,134 320 Total -- 6,570 6,832 5,328 5,636 4,334 4,465 4,603 3,454 13,402 10,964 8,799 8,057 1st year 2d year 3rd year 4th year The total number enrolled in unacredited high schools based upon the survey was 18,853. This num- ber added to 41,302, number in accredited high schools, gives a total enrollment of 60,185. Although there has been a wonderful development in the high school situation, the ideal has not yet been reached. In too many counties, there is a sentiment that it is an educational achievement to develop a great number of high schools irrespective of the equipment of such schools or of the work they do. In many counties, there are as many as fifteen or twenty schools teaching high school grades with a total enrollment in the high school of less than seventy-five students. The per capita cost of high schools in such counties is entirely too great. This, however, is not the total cost of such high schools. The time of the teachers in such high schools is taken away from the pupils in the lower grades and there are counties where the time of fifteen or more teachers is taken away from more than twelve hundred pupils in order to give at- tention to the handful in the high school grades. In a certain county, the recommendation was made that the city and county jointly build a county high school and take care of both city and county high schools. This recommendation apparently was approved by the county authorities, for the public prints carry the news that the county Commissioners have authorized a tax of one mill for the purpose of erecting such a school. To such a school, all of the high school pupils of the county can be transported and get the advantages of a first class high school, adequately equipped and with the very best of teachers. This plan may cost a little more, but when it is realized that under the old conditions very few rural pupils ever complete high school, it will be conced- ed that the small additional expenditure is well worth while. In one county, only one boy from the whole county outside of the county site was attending college and yet, in the adjoining county where there is a good senior high school with good teachers and a nine months term, there were ninety-seven in attendance upon college from this single high school alone. We must infer from the above that too many so-called high schools, poorly equipped and with the time of teachers divided between high school and elementary pupils is the greatest economic and educa- tional waste. Undoubtly, the only feasible plan is first to secure in each and every county a good strong senior high school, in some counties two, and then center the efforts upon giving to every rural high school pupil the advantage of such a strong school. The result will be that more and more the rural boy will be able to complete his high school education and greater numbers of them will be enabled to enter college and complete their education. The plan adopted by the county above is recommended to many of the other counties where ade- quate housing facilities do not now obtain. This plan will also bring the town and country people in closer sympathy along educational lines and break down, to some extent, the barrier that has hitherto been set up on account of dual educational systems. Under the old conditions, too many counties are trying to operate their schools on too cheap a plan. This is especially true in a few counties where the tax, under the Elders-Oarswell law, is held to a minimum of one or two mills. In one or two counties, the mil- lage levied is one mill, or an amount just sufficient to comply with the law and yet, these counties levy nearly twenty times as much for other purposes. Undoubtedly, the tax rate in the average state is high enough and in many too high, but the question arises,"Are the educational interests of the average county GEOKGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 9 receiving an amount that comports with the importance of the educational interests of the county; are not such interests in importance greater than one-fifteenth or one-twentieth of the entire interests of the county?" A better distribution of the county taxes or such a distribution as would give the schools a greater amount for their operation would be an advisable step. Several of the high schools of the state are considering the advisability of extending their courses of study so as to attain the equivalent of the work of a junior college. In some places, such a step is, prehaps, advisable, inasmuch as the high schools are turning out such a great number of graduates and these to a certain extent are beginning to "swamp" the colleges. Where schools of this type can be developed without too great a financial strain, it would be advisable, inasmuch as the student can be kept at home a year or two longer. The time has not yet come, however, when high schools, generally, should attempt such a step. A few good first-class junior colleges in the state would fill a growing need, but too many schools of this type would be unwise. The survey revealed the fact that many teachers were teaching in rural high schools who held only an elementary license. It is required, under the new plan of certification, that all teachers hold a normal or a high school certificate in order to teach in the high schools. It is earnestly hoped that all teachers holding an elementary license and desiring to teach in the high school will make application for the high school certificates, either by examination or certification. In order to secure this certificate, an applicant must have the equivalent of a two year's normal or junior college course. It is the purpose of the authorities to afford every facility for such teachers to prepare themselves in accordance with the law, if they are to continue to teach in the high schools. The hope is entertained that the new plan of Certification will eventuate in a higher average of preparation of all teachers in the rural schools. The Barrett-Rogers Act giving to high schools $1,000 for the benefit of rural high school pupils continues to be an inspiration to the schools securing same and to the thousands of rural boys and girls who are the beneficiaries of this Act. On account of time given to the survey work, the teacher-training schools have not had the attention the supervisor would have been glad, under other circumstances, to give them. However, they are doing a splendid work and all graduates of such courses will be given proper credit for same in their certification. The results of the survey have been beneficial in the following particulars: The realization that the state has an interest in every school and desires to aid and assist in the development of better schools. The development of the necessity of standards throughout the states. The economic and educational waste that is entailed by an improper distribution of high schools and the development of too great a number of weak high schools. The securing of data to show concretely the fact that, in many counties, there is anything but an equality of educational opportunity as between the city and the rural, child. The necessity for so changing conditions as to bring sbout such an equality as far as possible. The greatly increased interest in the high school throughout every county of the state. The awakning of the consciounsess of the people as to the importance andnecessityof ahighschool education. The appreciation of the fact that the rural boy or girl of the future should have the very best educational advantages that the state can give at the minimum cost. CERTIFICATION The State Board of Education at their February meeting approved and adopted a new plan of certification of teachers. While I am not the author of the plan, still I approve it practically in its entirety. No school system can make any permanent advancement except by well trained and well equipped teachers. It is a crime for the state to impose upon its children untrained and poorly prepared teachers. The new plan of certification takes care both of the future and of the past. For those entering the profession, it announces a higher standard for academic and professional training. For those who now are engaged in teaching, but who have not this training, either academic or professional, it states that if superintendents and Boards of Education wish to employ them, they may, and three years are given, with the hope that in this time the teachers may put forward effort to improve themselves. If they do not, if they show no effort, then their certificates may be annulled. If, however, they do make effort for improvement, then their certificates will be extended year by year until they can obtain one from the State, certifying to their educational and professional training, that will be current anywhere they may go. No license heretofore issued, or no contract that the State may have had with its teachers, is in any way abridged or annulled. 10 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS The old form of license was issued by the county superintendent and good only in the county of issue, and need not be accepted by another county except through courtesy, and it was of no value to the teacher, who may have earned it through diligent study, should she carry it to another state. The new form destroys nothing of what has heretofore been done, but, rather establishes a state certificate by which the teacher submits to the State Board of Education her academic and professional training, which is carefully investigated and, if found to be true, the State certifies to this fact, which certificate will become current wherever presented. It will have a tendency to dignify the profession of teaching and should incite all who are not able to prove their academic and professional training to put forward every effort to obtain a state certificate. I have before me the Clinch County News that contains a history of the Camp Creek School. This school was located 14 miles west of Homerville, in a part of Clinch County no better and no worse than other sections of the county. The people of this section, while not rich, but most of them owned their own homes, thirty years ago became interested in the education of their children. This interest found expression in the replacing of the old log schoolhouse with a nice, creditable building, and with the employment of teachers of real merit, well educated, and with normal training. This policy was continued for many years. The result has been that, although the school never numbered more than 100 pupils, yet out of this community has come congressmen, judges of superior court, city and county school superintendents, teachers of note, successful lawyers, and ministers, merchants, bankers, farmers, naval store operators, and almost every line of business. It might well be asked, "Why did these successfull men come from this particular community and not from others of this section?" There can be little doubt of the real answer to the question, that this community showed by its efforts and sacrifices a real interest in the education of its children and were unwilling to commit them to untrained and unprepared teachers. Their rule was always to employ the very best teachers, well educated and with normal training. It is interesting to note the patrons of this school, who were a whole generation of Smiths, including D. J., J. P., Herschel, Benjamin, Moses, as well as General Smith; also Sirmans, Dickersons,Tomlinsons, Joyces, Powells, Lankfords, Grooms, Rodgers, Paffords, Lees, Fenders and others. There is hardly an exception to the rule that where a community, however isolated it may be, has evinced a real interest in the education of its children, and were willing to sacrifice for them, recognizing the importance of the very best teachers, but that out of this community have come men and women who have illustrated this sacrifice in terms of splendid achievement. It really pays to employ only good teachers, well educated and well trained. Our Children are too precious, and Georgia's future growth and development too important, to risk their education with poor, untried, untrained teachers. I herewith append a report of Mr. J. O. Martin, one of the school supervisors, dealing especially with the trained teachers and with data gathered from the recent survey of the state. He is most competent to handle this question and it is with pleasure that I approve and endorse what he says. THE EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION OF THE TEACHERS AND THE TRACHER TRAINING SITUATION IN GEORGIA. By J. O. Martin, Supervisor. Tabulations have been made with reference to the educational qualification of the white teachers of ninety-three counties as shown by the recent state-wide school survey. They are as follows: 3 l/3% have completed 7th grade. 6 l/5% have completed 8th grade. 8 l/5% have completed 9th grade. 111/2% have completed 10th grade. 27% have completed 11th grade. 13 l/2% are normal graduates. 5 l/5% attended normal schools one year. 111/2% are college degree graduates. 31/2% are Junior College graduates. 9 4/5% are under-graduates (having attended college from 1 to 3 years) The following graph shows the relative comparisons of the prepared and the unprepared teachers. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 11 sa 61 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 4JS 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 38 31 30 37 36 35 34 23 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 13 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 ll 4 3 2 1 II a d M aaa n aa & no n a fat 3 8.2 og mmmmm PffH 12 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS It Is shown that 30% or of the teachers have had no training beyond the tenth grade; that 27% have completed the eleventh grade only; that 18*% are college under-graduates having attended normal schools or colleges from one to three years. In this enormous percentage is clearly seen the problem of the arrested growth of those who teach. In order to help these teachers as much as possible, Mr BaUard, State Superintendent of Schools, has arranged for normal Institutes to be held during the month of July at Ellijay and all of the District A. & M. Schools by means of state funds set aside by the Legislature. A course of study which covers the main elementary subjects has been arranged. The faculty consists of sixty-five members who have been selected by reason of their experience and fitness for the positions. In addition to these, there are thirty itinerant lecturers who will present subjects of timely interest to the teachers. It is estimated that the attendance will approach 2,000. The survey shows that the majority of teachers have been in the service for a number of years. Therefore, since they continue to teach, it seems that some inducement should be offered to have them resume and complete their high school studies. Hence, a state-wide course in extension study, approved and accredited by the High Schools and the State Department of Education, could be developed and offered . After completing the High School Course, many of them would be inspired to seek further training in the normal schools and colleges, which could well afford to offer a similar course for the 18j% of the under-graduate teachers in service. Indeed, if at least one of the normal schools or colleges could arrange continuous terms of six weeks each especially for teachers in service, it would, in a way, enable many to continue their college study, whereas now they cannot. Using the percentages of the ninety-three counties tabulated, it is shown that there is a total of 11,300 teachers. Granting that 25% of these are graduates of either colleges or normal schools, it would still leave 8,475 teachers who hold neither diplomas nor degrees. The problem of Teacher training capacity in the higher institutions arises here. The following facts obtained from the college record show that 1169 persons were graduated from the institutions in June 1924 and it is estimated that only 765 of this number will teach. Add to this number 145, the estimated number of graduates from the denominational schools who will teach and we have 910 of the 1,723 graduates in 1924 who will teach. This only approximates the number who will leave the profession as shown by the survey, while nothing is done for that vast army of untrained teachers who remain in the profession without adequate training. It is shown that the state institutions have reached their capacity for enrollment to say nothing of the overcrowded condition in some of them. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS DATA OBTAINED FROM NORMAL SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES CuD T! ' Cm5Ta3oJ CD as 55 m 6 11 6 6 ___ 5 1 2 2 6 168 B ABA 20 11 20 20 ... 17 3 9 1 6 684 CAA 14 11 9 9 ... 6 3 6 10 224 C-- B A+ A 6 11 6 6 ... 5 13 168B-- BAA 5 11 5 5 10 4 5 8 179 E A D C 3 13 4 8 102 ACC 3 10 3 4 10 3 3 12 1 106 12 12 3 87 DCC AcC 3 11 3 12 3 5 1 86 O DD mmm wmm GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS Alford's Bethesda Carmel Imlac Lone Oak Raleigh Wooster Allie Antioch Chalybeate County Line Ebenezer Forest Fredonia Friendship Halls.... Harris Morris Mt. Hope Primrose St. Mark's Stovall Strickland's Union MERIWETHER COUNTY (Continued) 6J 6J 926 7 1,085 6| 845 9 1,440 7 1,120 7 1,120 6 552 6-| 260 6| 465 6| 390 6| 390 6J 390 6J 487 6-| 292 6J 390 7 560 7 350 8 600 6J 585 6 360 6 450 6i 260 2922 2 1 2821 1 1 1 1 2922 2 1 . ... 1 2822 2 1 2 10 2 2 2 39 2 9 2 2 ____ 2 2 10 2 1 1 . 2 2 711 1 121 41 1 1 _._ 1 1 71 1 11 811 1 1 511 1 811 1 1 611 11 61 11 711 1 711 1 1 61 1 . ___ 1 1 711 1 81 1 11 81 1. 1 1 711 1 1 71 11 1 71 1. 1 n 74__._ E C 60--. E C E 57__.. E O c 49 D D E 81 C C C 70 C O D 68 E c C 21 C c D 15____ E c 0 29 E c D 28____ E G E 22 E O D 31 B D E 22 E D E 19 D E 34 B D E 37 O C D 23___. E D E 25 E C E 39 B D E 21 D C E 16 C O D 45_-.. E c K 9 BcE Total. 7 $57,707 99 90 82 8 68 22 44 24 54 2,699... D+C--D+ REPORT ON SURVEY OF MERIWETHER COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard. In Meriwether County there are thirty three white schools, and forty one colored schools. By the census of 1923 there are 3,349 white children of school age and 4,321 colored. Of the white schools, 17 are one-teacher schools, 7 two-teacher, 3 three-teacher, 1 four-teacher, 3 six-teacher, 1 nine-teacher, and 1 twenty-teacher. A fraction over 50% of the schools are one-teacher. It is evident that a reduction in the number of schools would be beneficial to the effectiveness of the work. The following consolidations seem to be advisable and some of them imperative: 1. Imlac and Friendship in the eastern part of county. 2. Total consolidation of Strickland and Prim Rose should be had with Luthersville, while partial consolidation of Lone Oak and Rocky Mount with Luthersville is desirable. A oneteacher school for primary pupils should be left at Lone Oak and Rocky Mount, transporting the higher grades to the larger central school at Luthersville. 3. Allie, Ebenezer, Halls, Harris and Odessa should be united with the Greenville School. 4. Bullochville and Union should unite for efficiency in the lower part of the county. 5. By all means Fredonia and Chalybeate should be consolidated with Manchester. If these consolidations should be worked out, 18 schools would be reduced to 5 or 7, in case of partial consolidation. 6. Some way should be devised whereby Mt. Carmel, a-two-teacher school in the north eastern part of the county, could be united with Alvaton, a three-teacher school located within two and one half miles of the former. A one-teacher school might be left at Mt. Carmel limited to four or five grades while the larger and more advanced pupils might go to Alvaton. It is not thought that simply consolidation is the object of this report, but it is a known fact that a one-teacher school handling seven or eight grades cannot make good under present conditions. The children need better schools, schools with a larger number of children associated to mutual advantage, and schools with a larger number of teachers, that a greater number of grades might be taught to advantage. Better houses and more equipment are needed in the county. The Greenville High School needs GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS f MERIWETHER COUNTY (Continued) a better laboratory and library that the school may be properly standardized. Luthersville stands in great need of a modern building. Meriwether county is a county unit system, all schools being strictly in the county'system. The county board of education levies a two mill tax on the property of the county. This low rate of tax compels many districts to levy from three to five mills for school purposes. It is recommended that a levy of five mills be made by the county board of education upon all the taxable property of the the county, and thus make it possible for the districts to reduce the amount of district tax levied. This will also have a tendency of equalize the educational opportunity of different districts of the county. The claim is sometimes made by the county board that the districts without local tax are being properly taken care of by the low county tax method. If this be true, it would seem advisable for all districts to depend solely upon the county board for support. If non-taxing districts are faring well without the district tax, under the low county rate, then it is evident that the funds are being drawn from other places to give these districts a satisfactory school. A maximum county tax rate with a supplementary district tax rate is recommended. HENRY COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Per Cent Years 1920 9,9a 10,439 20,420 6,409 5,176 2, 338 223 15.8 1910 9,743 10,184 19,927 6,199 3,379 3, L25 1,420 21.8 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 3,002 1923 2,821 Personal $915,629 Grade Total Number Accelerated-- Number NormalNumber Retarded %Accelerated-- %Normal%Retarded Median AgeMed. Retardation- Colored Total White 3,210 2,954 6,212 10 5,775 2 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation $2,938,477 | SS5,717 Age-Grade Retardation Colored 125 81 Total 130 83 Polls $2,384 I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XI] Total 375 244 201 262 256 238 276 418 128 141 60 31 11 14 13 15 17 18 20 3 5 9 2 2 289 148 138 144 124 112 113 78 70 76 38 23 75 82 50 103 .115 1C8 143 67 53 56 20 6 36666 7724636 77 60 68 55 48 46 40 53 54 54 63 74 20 34 26 39 46 47 53 45 42 40 34 20 6.3 8.3 9.2 10.5 11.8 12.7 14.0 14.8 15.6 16.6 17.5 18.3_ 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.8 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.3_ 2,360 129 1,353 878 5 57 38 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF HENRY COUNTY. BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor. SCHOOL McDonough Hampton Locust Grove Public StockbridgeOla High-- . Pleasant Grove UnionEllistown Flippen Consol.LuellaAnvil BlockFargason Liberty HillMt. BethelMt. Zion Oak GroveSouth Avenue South RiverUnion Grove-- WoodlandDaniel HopewellOakland Progress Rock Spring Rocky Branch Locust Grove Institute n m 9 $ 9,425 9 7,695 9 4,815 9 4,099 8 2,280 7 1,855 7 1,680 7 1,260 8 1,580 8 1,360 6 660 6 690 6 690 6 690 6 690 6 660 6 750 6 780 6 630 6 660 6 390 6 360 6 390 6 390 6 390 6 360 9 14,910 O 03 oJ M 03 03 -3 + CO DO P at 1 S5 pq 11 11 11 11 ... 10 18 337 C-- A C B 9 11 9 9 ... 7 12 304 D B B 7 10 7 6 1 6 30 20 232 C CC 6 10 6 5 1 3 1 .... 168C-- AC 4 9 4 4 ... 2 2 136.__. E D C 4 10 4 3 1 3 2 2 104 COC 4 10 4 3 1 2 2 98 E C C D 393122 73.-- D E C 3 10 3 1 2 1 2 10 3 2 1 1 92 B E C 42 B D c 2 7 2 ... 2 2 . E DD 262 1 1 43 EDC 1722 1 38__.. D E E 2 22 2 14 45.... D D O 2 2 1 1 1 113 .... 44___. E E D 2 22 1 Ill .... 42___. C C D 2 22 112 53 E CO D 2 22 2 12 64_... C D D 2 22 2 ,... 2 3 62 D-- B C D 3 22 1 111 40 E DD 2 7 1 1 .___ 11 24.... C E D 171 11 23.... C E D 2 7 1 1 _. 11 37.... D D D 1 7 1 1 __ 40.... D E D 271 21.... E E D 1 7 1 1 .. 11 17.___ B D D 10 6-12 11 11 .. .. 8 162 D Total 6+ $60,139 92 .... 91 76 15 61 30 55 55 55 2,376.... D+D+ C- REPORT ON SURVEY OF HENRY COUNTY BY J. O. Martin. Henry County has the county unit system. The schools of McDonough, Hampton, Locust Grove, and Stockbridge are well organized central schools, which take care of most of the high school work. The attractiveness of the class rooms, arid the thoroughness of the work done in most of these schools are commendable. Several other schools with smaller enrollment are doing excellent work. The building at Stockbridge is new and was built according to approved plans, Later, by some changes, the usefulness of half of it was seriously impaired. Many of the small school buildings are out of date, and in a state of dilapidation. Little attention is given to the care of the school houses, and their meagre equipment. However, rather than to improve these worn out structures it would be better to develop a plan of consolidation by which means, not only would better buildings with more complete equipment be obtained, but it would be possible to secure better trained teachers. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS CHEROKEE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending School Over 10 Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 17,769 890 18,569 5,712 4,441 1,146 82 8.6 1910 15,493 1,168 16,661 4,962 3,445 1,464 141 12.5 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 5,619 1923 6,325 Personal $3,418,791 | Colored Total 376 5,995 391 6,716 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. White 129 29 Land Corporation $2,727,413 $405,299 RECORD OF CHEROKEE COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor. Colored 13 3 Total 142 32 Polls $2,927 SCHOOL Canton Riverdale Canton * Nelson *Ball Ground Woodstock Avery Free Home Hickory Flat Holly Springs Macedonia UndonHill Bufflngton Sallacoa Waleska Bascombe Holbrook Indian Knoll Creighton Dry Branch Fefirview Flat Bottom King's Chapel "3 CO 9 $ 19,575 9 1,395 9 9,035 6 2,323 3,375 6 1,440 6 1,830 6 1,560 6 1,710 6 1,770 6 1,650 6 1,020 6 1,200 9 1,620 6 630 6 720 6 600 6 300 6 360 6 300 6 270 6 300 a is rt OS M cl d** oo 24 11 20 20 11 2322 2 9 11 10 10 5 10 5 5 2 5 10 324 48 3 13 48 4 4 49 133 49 4 3 49 4 3 59 4 2 38 3 3 49 3 3 37 3 3 17 111 27 2 2 272 1 1 1 1 7 1 ... 1 1 1711 1 1 5 1 .. 1 1 .. 1 1 1 _.. 16 608 C+ C A+ A 106 E B A 6 10 ... 2 258 C-- D A A 3 3 12 .__. 245.... D 12 4 150 D C B C 2 101 E C C 3 175.. E B C ... 2 163.. E B c 4 ... 155 E+ D B c . 117E+ D B c 1 104 E C B .... 1 99D+ E C C 81.... E C C 18 1 119.... D B C 2 81 E D E 1 104.... E C C 2 79 D D C 48 E E E 54 E C D 36 E D E 1 2 50 E D D 46 E C D GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS Liberty Little River Mayhugh Merritt Mica Midway NewHightower. New Home Oakdale Oakland Opher Othello Lays Mill Creek Mt. Gilead New Bethel North Canton... Oak Grove Payne Sixes Toonigh Antioch Big Springs Bunis Central Height. Chalcedonia Cherry Grove___ Coker's Conn's Creek.._ Pine Grove Riverdale Sandy Plains Sharptop Shoal Creek Reinhardt College RECORD OF CHEROKEE COUNTY (Continued) 240 33-- . E D E 360 1 _. 6 40... _ E C E 360 1 .. 44... _ E C 360 1 .. 46.._ _ E B 300 1 _. 41... . E D 240 69.- . E D E 300 44_- . E C E 300 41-__ _ E D E 420 1 3 2 51-- . E C C 6 360 11 58__- _ E D D 6 300 ... 1 38-- . E C D 6 360 1 65-- _ E D D 6 660 ... 1 5 62... . E C D 6 660 6 750 6 720 ... 1 1 1 80-- _ E 0 C 103-- _ E B c 119._- . E C c 6 480 115-- E E E 6 570 1 79-- E D D 6 690 720 660 2 1 93-- . E C C 1 3 -__- 92-__ . E B c 2. 4 1 105-_ . E C c 300 38-_. . E C D 390 3 49-- _ E E D 390 1 52-.. _ E C D 300 70_._ _ E C D 420 5 60-__ _ E D D 270 40-- . D 0 D 300 1 44-.- . E D D 420 53... . E C D 300 1 28... . E E E 360 1 ... 1 52 -- . E C D 420 1 ... 1 4 50-- . C O E 420 1 ... 1 64-- . E c D 360 1 ... ... 1 55-- E D E Jr. .9 9 Coll 8 8 625 105 B E A B Total . 6+$ 67,443 135 *-Building burned. -School in Cherokee and Pickens Counties. 137 108 29 95 42 82 98 32 5,156- . E+ C-- C Age-Grade Retardation Grade I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII Total Total 1,217 Number Accelerated. 36 Number Normal-- 796 Number Retarded... 385 ^Accelerated-- 3 %Normal- 65 %Retarded 32 662 728 720 541 448 422 240 123 39 27 15 14 18 9 14 7 329 290 224 155 116 102 65 65 294 411 481 372 314 311 161 51 6422 4 2 65 50 40 31 28 26 24 27 52 44 56 67 70 70 74 67 43 8 7 10 2 11. 9 12 8 13.9 15.1 15.7 15.7 68 2 29 37 3 23 74 17.2 58 5 35 18 8 60 32 17.3 16 2 7 7 12 44 44 18.8 8 1 4 3 12 50 38 19.5. 5,251 189 2,217 2,845 3 42 55 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 9 REPORT ON CHEROKEE COUNTY SURVEY BY Geo. D. Godard. A survey of the Cherokee County schools reveals the following facts: 1. The schools are numerous, often not over two or three miles apart. 2. The physical ruggedness of the surface of the county often makes consolidation of schools well nigh impossible. As many as ten schools have been consolidated into four schools. The class of teachers employed, though of a more proficient type than in former years, is not as high as it should be. Many teachers have only seventh or eighth grade training; and thus the work is retarded. 5. The school houses have been improved in type in the past few years. A few up-to-date build- ings have been constructed. 6. Two buildings have recently been burned. New houses of modern type will be built in a short time. 7. High School grades are being taught in addition to the grammar grades, in about eight schools. 0 a. The Canton High School and Nelson High School are doing well eleven grades of work. Rein- hardt Junior College is also doing six grades of work above the seventh grade. These three senior schools are supplying the youth of the county with high school advantages. 9. Sickness has greatly reduced attendance this winter. Recommendations: 1. Several other consolidations should be made in the county, furthering a desirable organization of the schools. 2. In several localities three or more two and three-teacher schools should be merged into one central school of nine grades. This could be done without entailing transportation expenses, by leaving primary schools in the former school sites limited to four grades. The larger pupils would thus have greater opportunities afforded by the larger schools. 3. There are five colored schools with 212 enrollment. These schools should have better houses and equipment. 4. The county board of Education is not in debt. CANTON. The public schools of Canton consist of three white schools and one colored school. The system seems to be managed well and the work is well done. The colored people should have a better building. It is creditable to the city of Canton that all rural pupils are admitted to the school upon the very same basis as is required of city children. REINHARDT COLLEGE. Reinhardt College for young men and women is located in the northern part of Cherokee County. This institution is fostered by the M. E. Church. The spirit and work of the student body are highly commendable. NELSON. The Nelson High School should be placed on the accredited list. The county line between Pickens and Cherokee runs through the school yard. It would be well for the county line to be moved so that the city of Nelson would be wholly in Pickens County. The marble works and patrons' home are large- ly in Pickens County. Of the pupils enrolled eighty two are from Pickens, and seventy eight are from Cherokee County. 10 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS OGLETHORPE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates 1920 1910 White 8,790 7,342 Colored 11,497 11,338 Total 20,287 18,680 6-18 Years 6,490 5,768 Attending School 3,586 3,505 Over 10 Years 3,244 3,802 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. 16-20 Years 342 410 Per Cent 22.4 29.1 No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 2,569 1923 2,423 Colored Total White 3,498 2,972 6,067 9 5,395 39 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored Total j 130 139 273 312 Personal $884,618 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation Land Corporation $3,151,824 $36,066 Age Grade Retardation Polls $5,232 I II III IV VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 389 202 237 254 194 162 162 122 62 43 25 1,852 18 5 22 37 10 6 4 7 11 7 135 256 102 102 88 73 67 51 51 27 22 16 855 115 95 113 129 111 89 103 67 28 10 2 862 5 2 9 14 5 4 5 3 11 26 28 7 66 50 43 35 37 41 31 42 44 51 64 46 29 48 48 51 58 55 64 55 55 23 8 47 7.2 8.9 9.9 11.0 12.4 13.3 14.6 15.2 15.8 15.7 16.4. < 0.2 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.2 0.8 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 11 SCHOOL Lexington Crawford Arnolds ville Glade Maxeys Bairdstown Beaverdam Cornel] Enterprise Palmetto Prospect Sandy Cross_.. Stephens Union Wesley Chapel, Woodstock Coiles ColUers Crawford Mill.. Fishdam Huching Johnson Liberty Locust Grove.. Lone Oak Millstone Noell's Pittards Rose Hill Salem Simston Temple Veribest Vesta RECORD OF OGLETHORPE COUNTY BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor, April, 1924. S a oj > a A S3 jj tig 8S3 3 & Si a o do r-i 'A 'A w 3 CQ o cl 0i **3fl 3o 30 -4- a 0. 3 < w 1 2 .. 2 .. .. 2 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 1 .. 1 1. 1. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 34 379 C B B 65.... C E 46 D E D D 55 BED 67 B C E E 54 C D B D 69 ... C D 35.... D C D 22 E DE 45.... BOD 22 C E D D 35 D D D D 36 E DD 60 E DE 66 DDD 44 B A C D 34 DDD 40.... DCC 12 ADD 21 ODD 54 B E D E 15 DDD 59 C A D E 2 .. 26 C ADD 6+ $ 16,120 38 .... 36 19 17 26 10 24 8 38 1,361... D D+ D 14 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF LINCOLN COUNTY " j^ad^ ^^ " Number Accelerated. NumberNormal Number Retarded %Accelerated Normal ^Retarded";:::::::::: Median Age Med Retardation Age-Grade Retardation I II HI IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI 262 128 140 137 130 129 138 106 60 31 Zl~ 20 15 15 21 7 15 16 6 2 1 1 192 65 82 66 72 53 49 63 27 15 14 50 48 43 50 51 61 73 37 31 15 6 8 12 11 15 5 12 12 6 3 3 5 73 51 59 48 55 41 35 59 4o 48.5 66 37 30 37 40 47 53 35 52 48.5 29 6.8 8.0 9.2 10.4 11.6 12.9 14.1 14.5 16.1 16.9 17.5 0-2 0-4 0-6 0.9 1.1 0.5 1.1 0.9 0.5 Total 1,282 119 698 465 9 54 37 REPORT ON SURVEY OF LINCOLN COUNTY. BY E. A. Pound. Lincoln County has an area of 291 square miles, a population of 9,739. It is served by 25 white and 23 colored schools, a total of 48 schools. The total is entirely too large. However the Board of Education has already taken steps to reduce the number of white schools. The Lincolnton school is a consolidated school recently a consolidated district was laid out with Union as the center. This district originally had six schools and all of these will be merged into one good strong school. The prospective enrollment is 260 for this consolidated school. This will reduce the number of white schools to nineteen. It is the purpose of the Board to bring about gradually other consolidations in order to develop several Junior high school centers from which schools all of the high school pupils of the county may go to the Senior High school at Lincolnton. The Lincolnton high school is now offering high school advantages to all of the adolescents of the county This is the only Senior high school in the county and since it has been receiving the BarrettRogers Fund of $1,000 the attendance upon its high school department has greatly increased, a large number of rural boys and girls taking advantage of the opportunity which it affords. No tuition is charged the rural boy or girl. There are entirely too many schools trying to teach high school subjects. In fact, twenty schools are teaching above the eighth grade. Some of these schools are taught by one teacher only and some by teachers who have only an elementary license. Sixteen of these schools have an aggregate attendance of not over 55 pupils. Under this arrangement these 55 pupils are taking away the time of the teachers from over a thousand primary pupils and the result is that neither the high school pupils nor the primary ones receive adequate attention. This is poor educational economy. It is hoped that with the development of the consolidated school and with the strengthening of the senior high school that this condition will be remedied, and that only those schools adequately equipped in every way wiU teach the high school pupils in the future. Of course, the elimination of this high school work from the schools must come gradually. Hitherto the condition of the roads in the county has necessitated the present arrangement but with the development of good roads all over the county good and better schools will eventuate. The colored population is discussing the erection of a Rosenwald school as a model for the race and this building is one of the possibilities of the near future. The colored schools like those of other counties are not adapted as a rule for school purposes. It may be said of this county that only one of the colored schools is taught in a church, whereas in many counties the majority of them are taught in such buildings. The following recommendations are made : 1. The school term is 6 months for the majority of the schools-white and colored. A gradual lengthening of the term is advisable as soon as conditions permit in order to give the children of this county an equality of educational opportunity with the children of some other counties. Financial conditions are adverse on account of the ravages of the boll weevil, but the authorities hope to make improvement in this particular as soon as conditions warrant. 2. The improvement of the preparation of teachers by attendance upon summer and normal schools. Perhaps the average license held by the teachers in this county is higher than that of the teachers of some of the other counties of the state. The teachers are as a rule earnest and enthusuastic and are eager to improve themselves. ^^^^l^^^H GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 15 REPORT ON SURVEY OF LINCOLN COUNTY (Continued) This county has a county unit system and all educational affairs are under the administration of the County Board of Education. This is to be commended. The elimination of several schools by further consolidation. The buildings, as a rule, are comfortable, but many of them are not well adapted to the pur pose they serve. Several buildings of the county are modern but few of them are adequately equipped. The proper equipment of all buildings should be a part of the forward looking program for the next four years. 6. The principal obstacle to further progress in the county is a lack of funds. The county has a county wide tax but there are no local tax districts except the Lincolnton district. Perhaps it would be wise to levy in several of the districts a local tax in order to supplement the amount now received by them. By so doing many of the districts would have a sufficient amount of money to improve the teacher personnel and to increase the length of term. FRANKLIN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per CeDt 1920 15,496 4,461 19,957 6,361 4,709 1,841 187 13.1 1910 13,920 3,974 17,894 5,540 3,701 2,247 290 18.3 STATE S(3HOOL CENSUS. No. Children ft-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White 1918 4,891 1,383 6,274 159 19.33 5,121 1,563 6,684 41 TAXAE LE VALUE 1923. Colored 80 46 Total 239 87 Personal $894,014 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med Retardation Land Corporation Polls $2,582,058 $215,647 Age-Grade Retardation $2,275 I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 802 376 396 404 315 247 270 125 129 76 39 3,179 37 9758551734 91 485 157 153 134 95 94 56 43 43 32 22 1,314 280 210 236 265 212 148 209 81 79 41 13 1,774 4222322164 10 3 61 42 31 39 30 38 21 34 33 42 57 41 35 56 59 59 67 60 77 65 61 54 33 56 7.4 9.3 10.6 11.8 12.8 13.5 15.1 15.6 16.6 17.1 17.5. 0.4 1.3 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.5 2.1 1.6 1.6 1.1 0.5. 16 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF FRANKLIN COUNTY BY M. L. Duggan, Supervisor, April, 1924. SCHOOL Carnesville _ .. Co>O a fi OS CD "3 CO 9 $ 7,020 *Lavonia .. 9 *Royston 9 *Canon ..-.-._ 9 Amana 7 Ashland... __ Fairview... .6 .6 Line No. 1 6 Red Hih fi Banks Academy fi Center 6 Davis _6 Dawkins . _ 6 Dobbs 6 Farmer's Academy _6 Flat Rock 6 Gumlog. fi Liberty .. ... 6 Mary Moss. . . 7 Middle River. ... 6 Midway ._ . . .. 6 Mt. View.. .. 6 Plain View.. _. . .. 6 Poplar Spring. 6 Prospect Sandy Cross... . 6 ... fi Thomas.. 6 Whitworth 6 Cross Plain.. ... 6 Hudson River 6 Rock Hill 6 13,470 8,945 3,285 1,150 1,080 1,050 1,350 1,050 600 900 780 900 630 900 750 780 780 810 900 1,020 840 780 600 780 840 600 750 420 360 420 Satis. License Unsatis. 2+ Experi ence 2-- +3 60 a> oao 03 EH oUol u 03 CD EH du d 0 to 10 11 8 8 8 21 11 12 12 LI 1 11 11 11 9 2 9 2 8 10 5 5 5 383 312 3 10 3 12 2 1 3 73 1 2 1 2 3933 3 3 8 3 12 1 2 ?, 8 2 211 2 7 2 11 2 2921 12 272 2 _. .. 2 1 7 2 11 1 1 3721 1 1 1 2 7 2 11 1 1 ?, 6 2 11 2 282 22 2921 12 2 9 2 11 2 2722 2 8 9 2 11 2 292 211 2821 12 282 1 1 1 1 ? 7 2 11 2 2822 2 272 22 1711 1 1611 1 171 11 CD CD A >> 03 >> CO +^ *C-O< 5 3 5 2 3 2 a i 2 f> 1 1 a R i 2 1 1 2 3 1 2 1 1 > L en >> a> 03 <6D0 033 do a o aH CD P3 +o^> CD "a2 CO as 4-3 FI a MA CD CO M 0 S3 a i> <60 go "3 o* 372 C D B B A 30 174 C E E A . 391 C C B A . 204 E B B . 127 ED . 126 E D D . 100 E C C . 110 E E C D . 117 D D n C 76 E c D . 69 E c D . 49 E c D . 110 E B D . 31 E E D . 76 E c B 91 E C D 67. . E n D . 94 E D D 75 E C C 86 E C D 139 E C D 95 E C D 114 E D E 77 E D D 87 E E E 127 EDD 55 E E D 64 E C D 43 E D D 26 E E D 43 E D D Total 6+ $54,540 107 92 58 34 74 18 54 .3,415... E C-- D+ REPORT ON SURVEY OF FRANKLIN COUNTY BY M. L . Duggan. The outstanding and most important step of progress accomplished recently for the cause of public education in Franklin county is the establishing of an efficient county senior high school at the county seat open in its high school grades to all the children of the county. This has been made possible only through liberal local taxation, a State bonus under the Barrett-Rogers Act, and a very small extra appropriation from the county board of education. The local tax levy for the support of this county high school can not be increased since they are levying the maximum limit; the State bonus under the BarrettRogers Act is a fixed amount; but the amount of the extra aid from the county board of education isleft by law to their best judgement. This senior high school is already patronized by considerably over a GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 17 REPORT ON SURVEY OF FRANKLIN COUNTY (Continued) hundred high school pupils of the county from outside of the local school district, and therefore deserves for their sakes a more liberal support by the County Board from the county's school funds. Nearly all of the rural schools were closed when this survey was made, and there were a few from whom we could secure no report. There are too many "little schools" still left in the county, and further consolidations would be in the interest of the cause. Notwithstanding so many schools there are more than fifteen hundred white children in the county who failed to enroll in any school during the current school year. (Exact figures can not be recorded because of failure to get reports from a few small schools.) Of the ninety-two teachers reported fifty four of them are serving their present schools for the first time, indicating too frequent changes for constructive work. Seventy four of these hold unsatisfactory teachers' license. The schools at Royston, Lavonia and Canon are on county lines, and therefore only partly Franklin county schools. Too much importance therefore cannot be given to the county senior high school at Carnesville in the center of the county. 0 GREENE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1930 7,771 11,200 18,971 5,780 3,531 3,171 320 22.7 1910 6,875 11,636 18,511 5,682 3,246 4,107 495 30.4 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 2,012 3,417 5,429 1923 2,448 3,126 5,574 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. 307 314 155 160 Personal $1,518,855 Grade Total Number Accelerated. Number Normal Number Retarded,.. %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation Land Corporation Polls $2,367,400 $106,270 Age-Grade Retardation $2,698 I ii m IV VI VII VIII IX XI Total 322 230 270 229 181 165 46 101 71 61 16 8 13 50 16 11 2 6 7 5 240 147 141 120 88 19 56 40 38 14 74 70 79 93 66 25 39 24 18 2 2 6 19 7 7 4 6 10 8 75 64 52 52 49 53 41 55 56 62 90 23 30 29 41 49 40 55 39 34 30 10 8.2 8.9 10.7 11.9 12.7 14.1 14.6 15.4 16.1 17.0. 0.2. 0.7 0.9 0.7 1.1 0.6 0.4 0.1_ 1692 122 992 578 7 59 34 18 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF GREENE COUNTY BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor, April, 1924. SCHOOL *Greensboro Union Point White Plains Bessie Stevens Siloam Greshamville Penfield Woodville Cedar Grove Fair View. Meadow Crest Veazy Bethany , Beulah_T Buena Vista Durant Harmony Grove Oak Grove Oakland. Salem Sibley St. Mary's Temperance Belk as CO 9 $12,030 9 4,935 9 2,633 7 3,000 8 2,320 8 1,290 8 1,760 9 2,385 7 875 7 860 8 1,080 8 1,040 7 525 7 420 7 525 7 420 7 525 7 420 7 280 7 420 7 420 7 420 7 525 11 11 8 10 10 10 10 8 9 10 7 7 7 10 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 s2s W 3 as 12 11 1 10 2 871 71 55 41 4314 44 22 3213 33 3 33 21 22 11 21111 22 2 22 2 .... 1 1 ... 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ... 1 1 1 1 1 ... 1 1 ... 1 1 1 1 1 tf as M s d do 34 379 C C 3 348 C C 6 127 D B ... 68 C 85 D B 70 E 74 C 93 C B B 3 63. A 70. D 3 .. 60. C 37. D 29. E 4 27. D 38. D 41. D 19. E 15. A 20.... C 1 37 C C 20.... E 40.... E a o_ g2o pq AB BC AB BD CC EC BB BC D D D D DE ED DD DD D C EE DE CD cc cD Total 7+ $39,108 59 61 53 8 52 9 34 35 54 1,828... C--C--D+ REPORT ON SURVEY OF GREENE COUNTY. BY I. S. Smith. The white schools of Greene County run from seven to nine months and maintain a fairly good average for the entire term. The school at Greensboro is an independent system, receiving $1,000 from the Barrett-Rogers fund. The rural pupils of the county are received into the High school on the same basis as those from the city of Greensboro. The County Board does not give any aid for transportation of High School pupils in the Senior High School. I am sure they would find it profitable to do this. There is one consolidated school in Greene county and I am sure its success warrants the creation of others. Most of the one and two-teacher schools could be easily carried to larger central schools at a very reasonable cost for transportation. Many of them would be in walking distance. I believe the greatest educational need of Greene County at this time is consolidation. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 19 SPALDING COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 11,700 10,206 21,906 6,255 4,399 2,023 194 12.2 1910 9,680 10,060 19,740 5,649 2,982 3,287 382 22.7 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 2,984 1923 4,000 Personal $3,288,400 Grade Total Number AcceleratedNumber Normal Number Retarded.__ %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation Colored Total White 2,873 3,181 5,857 11 7,181 3 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 184 114 Total 195 117 Land Corporation Polls $4,237,235 $1,088,122 $3,354 Age-Grade Retardation II III IV VI VII VIII IX 631 413 368 355 342 214 163 170 116 11 10 8 6 13 7 5 10 450 225 198 167 166 109 88 101 65 170 178 162 182 163 98 70 59 51 2 2 2 2 4 3 3 6 71 55 54 47 48 51 54 59 56 27 43 44 51 48 46 43 35 44 6.7 8.7 9.8 11.1 11.9 12.9 13.7 14.5 15.8 0.7 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.5 0. XI 81 2 47 32 2 58 40 16.7 0.7 60 2 48 10 3 80 17 17.4_ 0.4_ Total 2,913 74 1,664 1,175 3 57 40 20 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF SPALDING COUNTY BY Geo. D. Godard, Supervisor, April, 1924. SCHOOL t*GriffinHigh Fourth Ward *Sam Bailey, *Sam Bailey Annex *North Side *West Griffin Kincaid East Griffin Rushton Midway Rehobetn Sunnyside Vaughn Mclntosh Orchard Hill Ringgold Rising Sun Anthony, Mt. Zion Pitts Rover Teamon Vineyard l)aniel Memorial Home C3 9 $23,680 9 7,720 9 7,045 9 4,570 9 5,485 9 4,510 8 2,960 8 2,460 8 1,960 8 1,560 8 1,480 8 1,560 8 1,560 8 1,040 8 1,040 8 1,040 8 1,040 8 520 8 560 8 480 8 480 8 480 8 520 8 520 HS PC +-> CD l *a <>n> M PI >ffl OS 60 & fl a 9-S o +J O c3 32 2s a a dW do 4 fc w 1 CQ 60 30 o > a> S3 03 M 03 03-3 03 aw + 9 -.9 8 6 6 8 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6+ $3,825 5 11 1,980 3 8 960 2 7 690 2 7 750 2 7 640 7 450 7 420 6 360 7 390 390 300 450 240 330 390 300 240 360 450 $13,915 29 .. 5 3 2 2 2 29 22 11 12 1 .. 1_ 24 17 14 198 107 46 51 52 52 43 28 45 43 45 33 29 19 29 48 26 26 25 68 1,013 a 8.3 4^ is a P. nc D B E D D C EDD EDE ECD E DD E DD EEE EDE DDE CD E EE ED EEE E DE EE ED E DD CD E+ D D- GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS DADE COUNTY Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med Retardation Age-Grade Retardation I n m iV VI VII VIII IX XI Total 293 .12 173 108 4 59 37 7.4 0.4 144 2 37 105 1 26 73 9.9 1.9 144 7 40 97 5 28 67 11.2 2.2 135 6 40 89 4 30 66 12.4 2.4 109 8 30 71 7 28 65 13.5 3-5 87 7 14 66 8 16 76 14.3 2.3 54 6 12 36 11 22 67 15.4 2.4 27 4 7 16 15 26 59 15.3 1.3 13 .1 61 64 _8 25 46 26" 75 46 17.1 16.9 18.6 2.1 0.9 1.8 1019 53 362 604 5 35 60 REPORT ON DADE COUNTY SURVEY. BY E. A. Pound Dade County, the most northwesterly county of Georgia, is traversed by Lookout Mountain and Sand Mountain, and presents many difficulties in the development of an ideal school system. The majority of the people live m Lookout Valley, but many find homes upon the top of Lookout. However with the development of better roads the future of Dade County appears brighter from both an educational and a commercial standpoint. Several attempts at consolidation have been made, and, at last, the authorities succeeded in making a consolidation at Trenton, the county site. Piney Grove and Trenton were consolidated in 1921 and since then the first high schooiin the county has been developed at Trenton. Although the population is a little less than five thousand, yet within the past two years the high school has been developed and now 54 children of the county are in attendance upon this school, while the total attendance is 208. This is a great step in advance of what formerly obtained when nearly all of the schools were of the one-teacher type A school truck is now being operated from Piney Grove bringing 30 or 35 children to this school There is an eighth grade at Rising Fawn, this being the next largest school of the county These two schools take care of all the high school pupils of the county. With the development of better primary schools, which will eventually be brought about by elimination of several other schools and by improvment of the personnel of teachers, this county will develop a school system of which it will be proud Already steps have been taken for an issue of bonds to build a first class high school building at Trenton. A mass meeting was called recently and the people voted with only one dissenting vote to issue bonds for the erection of the contemplated school building. This school will serve all the high school pupils of the county, and hope is entertained that it will attract larger and larger numbers to the high school As to the improvement of the primary schools the superintendent has stated that as soon as the county wide tax was passed he has extended the length of the term so as to command the services of better teachers The term has already been extended from four and five months to a six months term. By a little increase m the amount of taxes levied-county wide-the tax being now two and one-half mills, the term may eventually be lengthened to seven or more months. In the schools at Rising Fawn and Trenton the term has already been increased to nine months. At one time many of the teachers held a third grade license, and some merely temporary certificates Today the majority of the teachers hold first grade licenses, and the teachers, as a rule, seem ambitious to improve themselves. There are twenty white schools and two negro schools in the county. This county being a mountain county, the colored population is small and,hence, it receives practically no state funds for its negro population. Only about 25 colored children were in school during the past year. A Rosenwald building might be advisable for the colored children. The following recommendations are made: 1. The issue of bonds for the erection of a first class high school building at Trenton, the county site, for all the children of the county. All the children of the county of adolescent age should attend this school. Before the use of the present building for a high school, all the children of the county who went to high school were 19 GEOEGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS DADE COUNTY (Continued). forced, on account of conditions, to go to Chattanooga, a city in another state for high school advantages. With the erection of a modern high school building all the adolescents of the county can secure a high school education at home without the expense incident to going away to school. 2. An increase in the county-wide tax during the next year, in order to increase the length of term. 3. The consolidation of the New England and Byrd's Chapel schools with the school at Trenton. These schools will bring to Trenton more than a hundred additional pupils and all of them will receive better advantages then they have today. New England school is a two-teacher school and Byrd's Chapel a one-teacher school. This step is now being discussed by the people of the districts and such a consolidation may be brought about during the present year. 4. Attendance of all teachers who wish to keep abreast of the times upon summer schools, normals, etc. 5. The development of the educational consciousness of the people to the highest possible extent. 6. Visitation of the principal of the senior high school to the schools of the county in order to show the necessity of a high school education and the development of a sentiment for such. HABERSHAM COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years School Years Years 1920 10,115 615 10,730 3,299 2,493 539 56 7.0 1910 9,423 711 10,134 2,975 2,107 978 86 13.9 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. 1918 1923 White 3,102 3,959 Personal $956,689 Colored Total White 184 3,286 75 323 4,282 41 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land $2,269 605 Corporation $2,786,603 Colored 3 11 Total 78 52 Polls $2,719 Age-Grade Retardation Grade I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Total Total 782 387 383 418 359 356 237 178 153 103 93 19 3468 Number Accelerated . 37 12 15 18 21 41 13 7 8 12 5 2 191 Number Normal 470 203 164 142 126 116 83 63 62 43 44 9 1525 Number Retarded 275 172 204 258 212 199 141 108 83 48 44 8 1752 %Accelerated 5 3 4 4 6 11 4 5 5 12 6 11 5 %Normal 60 52 43 34 34 33 35 35 41 42 47 47 44 %Retarded 35 45 53 62 60 56 60 61 54 46 47 42 51 Median Age 7.4 8.7 9.1 11.6 12.5 13.3 14.5 15 5 16.2 16 9 17.9 18.6 Med. Retardation 0.4 0.7 0.1 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.5 1 5 1.2 0. 9 0.9 0.6 HI HHB GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 11 RECORD OF HABERSHAM COUNTY. BY I. S. Smith. SCHOOL a eg fgtofl > 3 IS m 3 du a O to go < H Clarkes ville *Cornelia Baldwin 8 ~__ 9 tPiedmont Dem. High".... 9 Demorest 9 Alto " Q Habersham Mill Hollywood Mt. Airy '...V. 8 6 g Mud Creek College Park Lena _'_ Q "__" 6 g Turnerville Center ~~~ 6 _\ 6 Gailey Hazel ...... 6 6 Hill's Switch New Liberty Providence Return Stonepile View ""_."" 6 6 "__" 6 "6 """ 6 ~~ 6 Welcome Home Amy's Creek Camp Creek Chopped Oak Fairfield, . "" 6 " 6 6 6 6 Hurricane Grove Macedonia. Mount Kelly Nacoochee Riverside. _ Tallulah Union Grove.. . +9th Dist. A&M 6 6 6 6 6 ~6 6 9 Arts and Crafts 9 6+ $ 3,440 5 10 5 5 7,920 12 11 11 10 9,425 10 11 9 8 8,175 7 9-12 10 9 3,700 8 8 6 6 1,980 5 10 5 1,220 4 7 4 1,980 4 9 4 2,520 3 4 1,650 4 2 1,260 3 3 1,170 3 2 1,170 3 2 840 2 1 660 2 1 840 3 2 840 3 2 840 2 2 1050 3 2 840 2 2 840 2 750 1 570 420 1 330 1 420 1 420 1 420 1 330 7 420 7 240 5 420 7 1 .. 420 2 6 1 _. 420 1 7 1 _-_ 9,200 7 8-11 7 6 1 4 9 5 5 .. $67,140 118 114 99 15 5 11 8 9 5 4 4 4 4 2 3 O 2 3 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 "I 1 1 5 5 99 15 4 3 3 2 o 5 2 1 3 3 *2 2 2 2 2 2 1 60 39 224 427 272 1 106 18 273 212 146 70 128 133 78 108 94 .. -.53 55 77 77 38 64 57 35 56 59 41 21 41 40 38 19 36 15 21 37 34 146 115 25 3,446 CC BC E D CB E BE E E E E E E D E E E C E E E E E E D E E E C E if E D E E E+ CC BB BB BA BA CD AD CB BD CE CD DE CE DE ED DE DD CD CD DD CE DE DE EE DE EE DD DE EE DE DE EC DD EE AA AA D+ D REPORT ON HABERSHAM COUNTY SURVEY. BY I. S. Smith. In Habersham County I have found a number of new school buildings, most of which were built after plans furnished by Mr. Hill for the constructions of Rosenwald buildings. They are a great improvment over the old buildings, most of them having unilateral lighting.but not the best type of ventilation. In some instances, I fear these new houses are being built too close together, as the report on each school will indicate. I would recommend that in the future the Board investigate a little more closely the possibility for consolidation before a new building is constructed at public expense. I found some very good consolidations in the county. 12 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS COBB COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years School Years 1920 23,791 6,645 30,436 9,120 6,922 2,132 138 9.4 1910 20,977 7,418 28,395 8,129 5,481 2,593 245 12.4 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. 1918 1923 White 6,623 7,321 Colored Total White 2,265 2,088 71 9,409 23 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 90 36 Total 161 59 Personal $2,687,155 Land $7,314,720 Corporation $1,413,693 Polls $4,060 Age-Grade Retardation. Grade II III IV VI VII VIII IX XI Total Total Number Accelerated.. Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med Retardation 1,211 688 837 766 662 579 478 298 214 193 119 25 23 22 38 27 13 10 16 15 8 9 840 387 424 373 326 308 239 124 92 81 58 346 278 391 355 309 258 229 158 107 104 52 23254226747 69 57 51 49 49 53 50 41 43 42 49 29 40 47 46 47 45 48 53 50 54 44 7.2 8.6 9.8 10.8 11.8 12.7 13.8 15.1 16.0 17.1 17.7 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.7 6,045 206 3,252 2,587 3 54 43 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 13 RECORD OF COBB COUNTY BY J- O. Martin, Supervisor. SCHOOL g w TM A2 + 01 CM , d d (D a d) 60 CD o > *o M 6W oO S3 CO .-1 o a a> a GO O CD <60 go pq a p. 3c 10 4 6 1 2 2 3 1 17 37 354 B D 2 286 C 87 E 2 80 D E 61 D 59 E 71 E 75 E 86 E 35 E 42 C E 42 E 19 E 1 45 C 11 E 27 E 48 E 37 E 30 E 18 D 38 E 59 B E 21 E 5 1,631 E+ AB CE CD DD AD AD DD DD CD DE DD DD EE DD EE EE ED DE DD DD CD DD DD D+ D- Grade Total Number Accelerated Number *tNormal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med Retardation I II III IV VI VII VIII IX XI Total 433 225 244 236 163 * 140 115 25 22 11 2 ... 289 6 88 10 74 14 77 1 49 8 33 T 2 38 5 144 131 160 145 113 99 75 21 17 6 2 3 4 6 2 67 39 30 33 30 23 33 16 23 45" -_. 33 58 66 61 69 71 65 84 77 55 100 ... 7.5 9.3 10.7 11.8 13.0 14.1 14.5 15.9 16.6 17.2 19.0 0.5 1.3 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 1.5 l.S 1.6 1.2 2.0 1,616 41 662 913 41 56 REPORT ON CATOOSA COUNTY SURVEY. BY E. A. Pound Catoosa County has made remarkable strides educationally, within the past two years. In 1920 there was not a four-year High School in the county. At that time those who desired a secondary education had to go away to high school, and many of them went to a city in another state, Chattanooga; that being the most convenient place. Within the past two years the educational consciousness of the people 16 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS REPORT OK CATOOSA COUNTY SURVEY has been awakned and as a result of this awakening and the desire to secure the Barrett-Rogers fund an up-to-date high school building has been erected and more than fifty of them are in high school. Through this county run several bus lines between Dalton and Chattanooga and their schedules being convenient scores of rural children use them to and from school. If the school at Ringgold continues to grow as it has, within the next year or two another building may be needed to accomodate the crowd that will attend. So much pleased are the school authorities with the building they have erected that it will become the model by which the school buildings of the future wil be constructed, in this county. The County Superintendent and Board of Education, have developed a five-year building program, the plan being to erect at least one modern school building each year. When the five-year program is completed many of the one-room, one-teacher school buildings will be eliminated and better educational conditions will naturally result. The county has at the present time the following number of schools: 23 white schools divide as follows: 14 one-teacher schools, 6 two-teacher schools, 1 three-teacher school, one four-teacher school, 1 seven-teacher school. There are three colored schools, all one-teacher schools. The total amount received from all sources is $24,105.52. The schools are manned by forty-one white teachers and three colored teachers. The length of term in the average school is six months. However, at Ringgold and GraysvUle the term is nine months. Wood Station and Lake View have an eight months term, Burning Bush and Union Hill have a seven months term. The school at Ringgold receives the Barrett-Rogers fund of $1,000 which enables the county to offer practically free tuition to all thehigh school pupils of the county. This is the only high school in the county and is in comparatively easy access to all the pupils of the county. The growth of the school has been most gratifying. Many of the buildings of the county are unfitted for school puposes, but the development of the forward looking program will eventually ehminate many of these. The following recommendations are made: An increase in the length of term as soon as conditions justify in order that an equality of educational opportunity may be developed for all of the children of the county. The pushing forward of the building program in accordance with the plan of the school authorities. The erection of one Rosenwald building as the negro schools are now taught in churches or dwellings The attendance of all teachers not fully prepared upon summer and normal schools. The eventual elimination of all one and two-teacher schools. A concentration of the pupils of the county in central schools and all of the schools coordinated with the senior high school of the county. Authority of the school authorities to select and condem, if necessary, school sites. With the acceptance and consumation of the above recommendations Catoosa County will eventually offer to its children not only an equality of oportunity but will rank well amongst the best counties of the state from an educational standpoint. The continuance of the plan of the superintendent of meeting his teachers at least once a month. BALDWIN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total . 6-18 Years Attending | Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 8,771 11,019 19,790 4,816 3,725 3,018 299 19.0 1910 7,348 11,005 18,353 4,584 2,701 3,955 306 27.8 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 17 BALDWIN COUNTY. STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. 1918 1923 White 1,542 1,732 Colored Total White 3,099 4,641 7 3,264 4,996 4 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 145 101 Total 152 105 Personal $1,028,745 Land $2,839,774 Corporation $684,782 Polls $1,201 Grade Total Number A ccelerated Number ]S ormal Number B etarded %Accelen ited %Normal %Retarde d. Median A;?e.... Med Reta:dation Age-Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 166 125 158 153 164 147 106 112 88 88 71 22 10 19 13 1 9 9 2 5914 116 82 98 86 6 1 80 53 65 43 54 42 28 33 41 54 84 58 51 42 36 33 25 _ 14 9 12 8 11 6 2 4 10 1 5 70 65 62 57 37 54 50 58 50 61 60 16 26 26 35 52 40 48 38 40 as 9K 6.7 8.2 9.3 10.4 1 2.0 12.5 13.9 14.6 15.7 16. 1 17.4 0.2 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.7 0. 1 0.4 1,378 113 780 485 8 56 36 RECORD OP BALDWIN COUNTY. BY Mrs. Allie M. Bowden, Supervisor SCHOOL nftfal 3 S3 8 03 fl en <3 1=3 go m a1 Ga. Military College 'Training School G.S.C.W... Midway Cooperville Union Point Meriweather.. Salem Scottsboro Baldwin Primary Black Springs Camp Creek Hopewell. Mt. Pleasant Pine Grove Union Hill. Total 18 ... 3,645 3 060 3,060 2,205 1,395 1,350 630 675 630 675 630 675 675 $19,305 45 Special system under county jurisdiction. 12 18 18 11 13 .. 10 10 10 10 7 9 4 5 7 7 7 5 1 ... 6 58 41 16 2 7 .. ._ .. .- .. .. .. 3 2 3 .. .. 4 .. 1 .. .. 4 . 1 .. .. 3 .. 2 .. .. 2 .. 1 .. .. 2 ._ 1 .. .. ..11.... 1 .. .. .. .. 1 1 .. 1 .. .. .. 1 .. .. .. 1 .. 1 .. .. 1 .. 1 .. .. 39 6 20 .. ,. 532 C C A-- A 282 ... A A A+ 135 C C B+ B+ 91 D C B-- C 105 D D B+ B+ 65 C D B-- B 30 E C B-f B-- 45 E E 0+ B-- 30 B B B+ B+ 21 E C C-- C 21 E C C-- C 22 E D B-- C 33 E E O C 19 E D D E 22 E D A-- B 1.453D-- C--B-- B-- 18 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS REPORT ON BALDWIN COUNTY SURVEY. BY Mrs. Allie M. Bowden. The survey of Baldwin County reveals the following facts: 1. There are 13 white schools, and of this number 7 have 1 teacher, 2 have 2 teachers, 1 has 3 teach- ers, 2 have 4 teachers, and 1 has 2 teachers. 2. Of the 27 teachers in these schools, 50% have had College or Normal training; 23 of the 27 have had more than 3 years of teaching experience. The fact that the salaries paid by the county are above the average probably is responsible for there being in the system so many trained and experienced teachers. 3. All schools run for a continuous term of 9 months. 4. Many of the buildings are just average rural school buildings, but the new ones are being constructed according to approved plans, and, in one instance, the old building has been remodeled to allow for proper and sufficient lighting. 5. The equipment in the schools is above the average. Practically every school has sufficient blackboard space. In the smaller schools library facilities are inadequate. With reference to the County's educational future the following recommendations are made: 1. The benefits of consolidated schools are fast being recognized in progressive communities. Baldwin County has made some effective consolidations, and the present program provides for additional work along this line. Within a 4 mile radius of Cooperville there are three one teacher schools; Camp Creek, Mt. Pleasant, and Union Hill. The grammar and high school pupils from smaller schools will be brought to Cooperville and the primary pupils sent to Union Hill. 2. At the time of the survey, much improvement of sanitary conditions was needed. The County Health Officer's place was vacant then, but as this vacancy has since been filled, these conditions have very probably been improved. 3. In many schools there is sufficient acreage in the grounds, but because of obstructions, the playgrounds space is very limited. These conditions should be remedied, and additional playground equipmen furnished. The Milledgeville children are enrolled in the Georgia Military College, and in the Training School of the Georgia State College for Women. Population MURRAY COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Per Cent Years 1920 9,058 432 9,490 3,066 2,574 621 62 9.2 1910 9,361 402 9,763 2,891 1,899 ,031 121 15.4 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 5-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 2,925 1923 2,802 Personal $591,699 Colored Total 146 3,071 136 2,938 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. White 82 36 Land $1,629,594 Corporation $819,546 Colored 15 2 Total 97 38 Polls $1,619 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 19 RECORD OF MURRAY COUNTY BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor. a SCHOOL a "3 CO w P ea co a! &o fe.2 03 o oH dD 55 55 # g tea A3 aa go cr w ) Chatsworth Lucy Hill Consolidated Eton High Casey Springs.. Colvard High Crandall Sumach Cisco Cool Springs Fashion Free Hope Fullers Hookers Oak Grove Oakland Rainhurst Jr. High Tenga Union Grove Carters Center Hill East Point Fort Mountain _ Hall's Chapel Lower Oak Grove Mt. Carmel Nailors Rock Creek Sugar Creek Talking Rock Union Springs '___ _._ ._ . 9 $ 4 ,130 9 6 ,210 8 3.,560 G 1 ,6UU 7 1 ,505 5 575 5 850 5 62b 5 525 5 400 5 400 5 400 5 425 5 400 5 425 7 1 ,330 5 425 5 425 5 250 5 250 5 200 5 300 5 300 5 250 5 200 5 300 5 300 5 300 5 300 5 ' 250 7 10 7 11 6 11 46 4 10 28 38 28 27 17 26 27 26 28 15 2p 27 2V 3 6 5 7 17 6 5 5 7 5 8 633 77 6b1 I 3 3 32 310 321 22 21i 2 2 211 2 2 2 2 2 2 211 211 2 2 2 _. 2 1 1 1 1 1 __ __ 1 1 1 1 ._ 1 1 1 4 7 6 3 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 O 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 5 3 2 3 3 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 9 5 2 3 1 3 3 a 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 7 1 1 1 243 E E 239 D E 188 E r> 95 E 129 D 78 E 89 E 96 E 41 E b8 E 86 D 73 E 93 E 49 F, 49 F, 77 F, 64 E 70 F, 26 E 41 F, 39 E 46 E 45 F, 29 E 70 F, 17 n 20 E 38 F, 32 E 34 E A D O B C, n c D T> E "D n T> T) F, c T) E F, D D E E E T) E E F, F, r> c c A D D D L> X) E E E F, E E E E E E E E E D E E E E E E E E 5+$> , 10 3 C cq 88 E E B B 40 E DE 21 E C D E 18 E CE 27 DDE 10 CDE 16 204 D-- D+ D-- REPORT ON QUITMAN COUNTY SURVEY. BY Supt. Walter McMichael. Quitman County has made considerable progress in the way of consolidation. They now have one four-teacher school at Georgetown of ten grades. This is a consolidated school, having absorbed about three other schools. If the Oak Grove and Sandtown schools could be consolidated with County Line School in Stewart County, and Monticello and Rocky Mount schools with Georgetown, and Morris Station with Springvale School in Randolph County the children would be much better served. A number of the High School grades attend the High School in Eufaula, Ala., which is just across the Chattahoochee river from Georgetown. Population DAWSON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 4,204 4,204 1,231 765 1910 4,534 152 4,686 1,386 938 375 32 12.3 486 42 14.5 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. 1918 1923 White 1,308 1,300 Personal $149,211 Colored Total White 1,308 20 1,300 23 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land $496,706 Corporation $1,050 Colored Total 20 23 Polls $566 21 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF DAWSON' COUNTY BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor. SCHOOL Dawsonville High. Bolton... Emma Lumpkin New Hope Amicalola ~__ Beacks Chestatee _ Chumbley Cross Roads Etowah Harmony Landrum Libert y Oak Grove Pleasant Grove... Mt. Pleasant Salem ... Savannah Sweetwater a K03 w 03 60 a> 03 ^ . 5? 3a 9s 22 30 g, '3 125 pq 9 $3,735 5 11 5 435 4 7 5 450 2 7 5 425 2 8 5 375 2 7 5 150 1 7 5 200 1 6 6 240 1 7 5 150 1 6 5 250 1 7 5 250 1 7 5 250 1 6 5 175 1 6 5 250 1 7 5 250 1 7 5 16 6 ~"l80 1 6 1 5 200 1 7 1 5 225 1 7 1 5 150 1 6 1 5 + $8,440 30 27 13 14 22 1 .. 1 .. 15 1 5 18 15 1 1 145 C E C 54 EC 46 E E D 45 E E D 54 E E E 27 ED 41 ED 26 ED 39 EE 34 ED 43 EE 36 EE 32 E E E 44 C E D 42 ED 12 DE 20 DE 25 ED 28 ED 28 E E D 721 E D- E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E Age-Grade Retardation Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded ',Accelerated 'VNormal ',-Retarded Median Age Med .Retardation ._ _. _""" I 218 12 126 80 5 53 37 7.4 0.4 II III iv 1C8 5 41 110 3 36 128 4 33 62 71 91 5 f8 3 33 3 26 57 64. 71 9.7 10.7 12. 1.7 1.7 2. VI VII VIH 81 ~72 62 16 3 1 1 3 16 5 6 3 62 66 55 10 41 1 19 20 7 10 19 76 92 89 62 13.7 15.0 15.9 16. 6 2.7 3.0 2.9 2. 6 IX 8 ._ 4 4 50 50 17.0 2.0 3 1 2 33 67 17.5 1.5 XI Total 3 ~809 32 2 273 1 504 4 67 34 33 62 17.7 0.7 REPORT ON DAWSON COUNTY SURVEY BY I. S. Smith. Dawson County is badly in need of consolidation. At Dawsonville there is a very good consolidated ddrrenrtto;assttaannddgtth0beP ESdPuecaf tionat l tesTts ?give^ n and t"hieSlianctkeroefsatbinil^ittyoinnottheethoeth> a CD CD -q 03 a 03 M O Hft 03 o 03^ a 03 M a 0 3g go H CO q $10,590 q n- 3,870 1,997 6 1,350 6 780 6 900 6 1,350 7 910 6 690 6 750 6 690 6 840 6 810 6 750 6 870 6 540 6 450 6 450 6 450 6 510 6 390 6 450 7 560 6 300 6 450 6 775 6 480 7 700 G+ $33,652 a03 oo d 'A +3 A M P S3 EH CO a su3 O CO o U CD aCO o CD O 3 S3 .53 A CD CD a H aCD >> S3 >>CD S3 M t-C W t* CD S3 S3 o d + 1 +3 6O 'A w ss CM A CM i-H 'A a aCD oH a N 4J CD aCD S3 O CD 4a < CO a 43 el aCD p. 30 mw CO 1? 11 15 15 14 1 2 1 10 454 TS 8 10 6 5 16 4 5 192 o B 0 A B 6 10 4 4.. 3 1 13 1 144 D B O 3 7 3 3 .. 2 1 19.. 85 D D D 2 7 2 1111 12.. 44 D D D 2 7 2 1111 1 4 . 89 E D D 2 8 2 2.. 1 1 1 .. .. 60 D D D 2 7 2 112.. 42 E C D 2 7 2 ._ 2 1 1 50 T> D C 2 7 2 1111 1 53 E D E 1 7 2 112.. 2 .. .. 53 E D D 2 8 2 11..2 2 1.. 75 E C D 2 6 2 2._2 47 C D E 2 8 2 1111 2 .. .. 51 C D D 2 7 2 2 .. 1 1 16- 58 E D D 1 8 2 1111 1 -- .. 100 E E D 1 6 1 1 .- 1 -- 1 6 .. 38 E D D 1 7 1 - 1 .. 1 1 .. .. 29 E D D 1 7 1 1 .. 1 ~ 41 E D D 1 7 1 1 .. 1 .. .. 5 .. 36 E D C 1 8 1 1 .. 1 28 B D D 1 7 1 .. 1 .. 1 1 .. .. 33 D D D 2 7 1 -. 1 1 .. 1 .- .. 46 D D C 1 6 1 -- 1 1 .. 1 .. .. 22 E E E 1 7 1 .. 1 .. 1 1 -. .. 43 D E E 1 6 1 .. 1 1 .. 16- 20 E E D 1 6 1 1 .. 1 .. 1 1 .. 48 E E D 1 7 1 1 .- 1 - 44 D D D 64 64 47 17 48 16 26 48 16 2,025 D - D D + Age-Grade Retardation Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal. , Number Retarded . %Accelerated %Normal . %Retarded... Median Age Med Retardation. .. I 423 22 294 107 6 68 26 7.2 0.2 II 294 15 154 125 5 53 42 8.6 0.6 III 374 3 129 142 1 47 52 10. L 1. I IV 265 8 122 135 3 46 51 11.2 1.2 V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 215 5 95 115 2 44 54 12.1 1.1 194 3 72 119 2 37 61 13.1 1.1 147 78 16 48 36 98 36 18 32 46 67 46 14.7 14.8 1.7 0.8 53 3 34 16 6 64 30 15.4 0.4 40 1 25 14 3 62 35 16.6 0. 3 27 1 16 10 4 59 37 16.5 2,010 68 L.025 917 3 51 46 26 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS REPORT ON TURNER COUNTY SURVEY. BY M. L. Duggan and Geo. D. Godard. Turner County has twenty-eight white schools and twelve colored schools The white schools have a Senior High School at Ashburn and two Junior High Schools, Scycamore and Rebecca. These schools afford high school facilities for the high school grades of the county. Consolidations should be made as foUows in the near future: 1. Amboy, Davisville, Deep Creek, and Antioch at Amboy. 2. Rebecca, Luke and Oak Hill at Rebecca. 3. Scycamore, Pleasant Hill and Inaha at Scycamore. 4. Coverdale, Hobby and Bozeman. 5. Oak Grove, Davis and Hopewell. The County Board of Education should levy the full limit of five mills, and then the local school districts can levy enough to supplement the county funds. Many school houses are unsuited to the needs of the schools, however, before other houses are built, the above consolidations should be made. Most of the colored schools are now taught in church houses, and should have school houses. LUMPKIN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent 1920 1910 5,023 5.117 Years School Years Years 217 5,240 573 900 593 33 320 5,444 531 840 62 15.6 21.6 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6 18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1.538 1923 1,560 Colored Total White 100 1,638 81 94 1,654 47 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored Total 47 Personal $342,714 Land $1,032,272 Corporation $29,757 Polls $914 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med Retardation Age-Grade Retardation i II III IV VI VII VIII IX Total _ 219-- 101 20 11 m 39 88 51 9 11 51 39 40 50 7.5 9.0 0.5 1.0 121 6 53 62 5 44 51 10.0 1.0 117 5 35 77 4 30 66 11.7 1.7 115 7 24 84 6 21 73 12.8 1.8 71 3 17 51 4 24 72 13.9 1.9 51 3 10 38 6 20 74 15.8 2.8 23 2 6 15 9 26 65 16.0 2.0 20 3 8 9 15 40 45 15.6 0.6 838 60 303 475 7 36 57 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEM8 27 RECORD OP LUMPKIN COUNTY. BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor. SCHOOL DahlonegaHigh Wahoo Ashley Auroria Betz Cavendar's Creek Center Dewey Etowah..... 1 Fairview .." L. Forest. T Froebel __,_;__ Garland .V Garnet Glenn Halfway. Haygood Hilltop Lewis. _ Liberty ..." .'. Nimberwill.. Noonday Oak Grove.... Parrites Mines Plainview Seven Mile Yahoola. fNorth Ga. Agri. Col . AS t-H T0O3 +I 9 $3,475 5 9 6 510 2 7 6 240 1 5 6 1 6 "'SQO 1 ~6 6 240 1 7 6 210 1 6 ... 6 210 1 6 6 300 1 6 6 300 1 6 ,. 6 1 e "' 300 1 "4 6 300 2 7 6 240 1 6 6 240 1 7 6 240 1 7 6 240 1 7 6 240 1 6 6 6 210 300 1/ 5 15 6 210 1 7 6 210 1 7 6 300 1 6 6 210 2 7 6 210 1 7 6 240 1 6 6 300 1 7 ...9 ... 6 6 .. 2 2 .. 1 1 .. 1 11 L1 1 -. 1 1 .. 1 L _ 1 -. 1 . 1 1 1 -- L 1 1 1-- L .. 11 1 -- 1 -- __ 1-- __ 1 -- 1 .. L 1 _. _- 1 __ __ 11 ] .. 1 .. __ 1 1 1 11 1 -- 1 _. 1 1 -- __ 1-- 11 ] __ 1 1 1 1 - -- 13 1 1 ._ __ 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 1 __ 1 __ 6+ $9,775 3~4 33 11 20 28 3 17 10 Si do 212 58 12 16 33 19 20 24 -- 26 18 36 35 40 22 .. 28 14 27 23 24 29 17 26 26 34 16 5 1,007 a DD EE E E D E E E E E D E E E D E E E E E E E C E O E a 5 2 a m wa31 OB DE DE DE DE DE DE DE EE DE DE DE DE DD DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE E~+ D E REPORT ON LUMPKIN COUNTY SURVEY. BY I. S. Smith. Lumpkin, geographically, is one of the typical mountain counties of the state. The schools of the county are not keeping abreast with the times as are other civic activities. Nowhere in Georgia have I found a county doing more for her public road system than is being done in Lumpkin County. The people of the county are thoroughly aroused as to their great need for better roads and have voted bonds, and are paying taxes freely in order that they may purchase for themselves better roads upon which to travel. These are a necessity and the people of the county should be commended for this splendid effort. But in their zeal to build better roads the people seem to have overlooked their public schools. Their buildings, many of them, are not adequate, in poor repair, and badly in need of equipment. Most of the teachers are young and inexperienced. They are poorly paid and are given work for a short period of the year. In making recommendations for the future progress of their schools, I have only one suggestion-- that the citizens get as interested in the schools, which must educate their children, as they are in building better roads upon which these same children are to travel. 28 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS WHITFIELD COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 I Per Cent 1920 1910 Years School Years Years 15,552 14,214 1,345 1,719 16,897 15,933 5,093 4,659 3,749 2,877 1,214 1,445 112 182 9.8 12.6 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored 1918 4,455 1923 5,856 550 650 5,005 6,506 76 31 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Total 84 31 Personal $3,149,202 Land $3,597,793 Corporation $742,962 Polls $3,032 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded ^Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation Age-Grade Retardation I n III IV VI VII VIII ~" ". 929 576~ 353 ~6 03 do BO m 12 8-11 8 14 7 10 10 .. 4 44 444 4 66 11 6 6 754 1 312 4 3 ... 3 3 33 3 33 2 2 1 2 2 1 3 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 4 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 3 2 1 2 2 2 3 211 2 2 ___ 2 2 211 2 2 ... 2 2 2 '2 2 22 2 211 3 22 1 1 ... 1 1 1 ... 1 1 1 ... 1 1 11 1 1 ... 1 1 1 ... 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 _._ 1 1 1 ___ 1 2 11 1 1 ... 1 1 11 1 1 ... 1 1 1 ... 1 127_ 109 71 38 715 912 4 1 311 6 2 333 411 213 3 21 21 11 2 .... 2 2 11 11 2 2 11 11 ___ 2 11 ... 2 1 1 1 ... 1 1 1 ___ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 __. 1 1 1 1 _.. 1 1 ... 1 1 77 32 59 ...256 .. D A+A ...317 _. E A A ___302 .. ..E A A ___201 _. .0 B B ...297 .. E A B 4181 __ _C 0 B ...197 .. ..E C C ... 97 .. _E C D ... 90 .. .E C D ..-107 .. .0 C 0 . 105 . E C D 1 50 _. DD ... 47 .. _E D D ... 71 __ .E D D ... 66 .. _E O D ... 42 .. _0 B D .__ 78 .. .E A D ... 78 ._ .E B D ... 46 .. _E 13 E ... 44 .. _E B D ... 76 __ _E B D ... 48 __ _D D D ... 60 .. _E B D 1 50 .. _E D D ... 89.. _E B D ... 63 __ ._E D D ___ 59 _. ..E D E ..- 70 .. ..D D D -._ 51 .. ..E D D ... 92 ..E O D ... 27 __ ..E E ... 29 .. .E D ... 25 .. _D D E .__ 30 __ _E D E ... 33 ._ _D D D ... 38 _. .E D D ... 35 __ _D D D ... 31 . ...E D D ... 31 _ _E D E ... 26 . _E D E ... 27 _ _E E E ... 45 . _E C E 1 40 _ _E D D .__ 46 _ .E E D ... 21 _ .E E E ... 19 _ .E E E 7 3,833 E+O D REPORT ON WHITFIELD COUNTY SURVEY. BY E. A. Pound. Whitfield County has made some educational progress during the past few years. During this time, ten new buildings have been constructed and twelve others remodeled or reconstructed. However, new school buildings alone do not necessarily mean a rejuvenated system of schools. Conditions need to be transformed in this county, if the children of the rural districts are ever to have a chance to get an education. Note the following: 30 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS In the city of Dalton there is a first-class system of schools, operating nine months in the year. In these schools the pupils have the attention of one teacher all the day through. Here every child has an opportunity to be prepared for the high school and for life. In the rural schools--except at Tunnel Hill, Oohutta, Crown Point and perhaps one or two other places--the average length of term is only five months. More than one-third of these schools are oneteacher schools. Many of the teachers of these schools have six and seven grades, which they attempt to teach. They can do justice neither to themselves nor their pupils. The highest salary paid in these schools is $325 per year. These teachers have no means by which the better to prepare themselves. Sixty per cent of them have never attended a first-class summer school or normal school. More than fifty per cent of them have less than a first grade elementary license. Many of them hold third grade certificates. Forty per cent of them have never completed a high school course. As long as such lack of preparation is permitted, as long as such inadequate salaries are paid, as long as such short terms are given, as long as so many pupils are given to one teacher, as long as teachers are responsible for so many grades-there can be no educational advance, and equality of educational opportunity as between city and rural child is out of the question. Outside of Dalton there are nine schools attempting to do high school work. One good Senior high school at Dalton and two or three Junior high schools could easily take care of the high school pupils of this county, provided the proper adjustments are made. Some of these so-called high schools are attempting to do the impossible. Their equipment is inadequate, their teaching personnel insufficient to do satisfactorily the work they are attempting to do. As a result of such conditions only 83 children out of a school population of over 4,000 in the county outside of Dalton attend high school. In the first place the schools giving five months' terms cannot prepare them to go, and when they go to such schools they cannot be given adequate attention. No wonder then that less than two per cent of the rural children attend the so-called rural high schools. At least six of these schools should eliminate the high school grades and spend the money now expended upon them in developing a first-class grammar school. The high school pupils should be sent to adequately equipped high schools where the adolescent can be given a chance. The primary school would thereby be relieved and the teacher given more time in which to attend to her primary children. The School Board of this county can do no greater work than to study the educational waste that is occasioned by the present system in reference to high school work. The causes of such small attendance upon the high school is a matter for serious reflection. The sanitary conditions in many of the schools are not at all satisfactory. Many of the schools have no sanitary toilets, and many that have them are keeping them in an insanitary condition. In the sanitary conditions that exist we are setting ideals for the children, and many of the ideals placed before them cannot command the respect of self-respecting children. It is time for this county to awaken along this line. The school at Cohutta has not been made safe from fire hazard and this should be corrected at once. The following recommendations are made: 1. An increase in the length of term. 2. An improvement in the preparation of teachers. The teachers of this county are earnest and dillegent, but the salaries paid will never permit them to spend money upon their improvement. 3. Adequate salaries paid to every teacher who does honest, efficient work. The development of some plan under which the teachers will have a chance to improve themselves. All not adequately prepared should attend summer or normal schools. 4. More attention to sanitation. This is a pressing need. 5. Elimination of eighth grades in all but three or four schools in the county. Unless a school is prepared to teach nine grades it is doubtful if the eighth grade should be taught.Better good elementary schools than second-grade high schools. 6. Fewer grades to the teacher. No teacher can do herself justice over-burdened as she is, with too many pupils in too many grades. 7. More consolidation. This county has only one consolidation, that at Cohutta. This school is housed in a building that presents a fire hazard. There are many places at which consolidations can be made and with good roads up the valleys several schools could easily be combined and the children transported. 8. Better equipment. The schools have, as a rule, little, if any, equipment. How some teachers get the results that they do with virtually no equipment is a mystery. BaWiiiiWBBWM>iWWI!WitiaiH^^ ' ^ GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 31 9. Elimination of some buildings by replacement with modern buildings, More attention to the lighting of school buildings. 10. The erection of at least one Rosenwald building. At Dalton there is a high school building--just erected--which is the pride of the city. This is a mod- ern building in every respect, with adequate equipment, and here under good teachers the pupils receive a real chance. Dalton has a good school system, not yet ideal, but the authorities are looking forward eventually to the realization of a real educational ideal for their children. May the educational consciousness that has been developed in the city soon prevail throughout the entire county and may every boy, rural or city, have at least an approximation of an educational equality of opportu- nity. WALKER COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 1910 20,885 16,241 2,484 2,451 23,369 28,692 6,392 5,283 4,569 3,245 1,444 1,427 113 8.3 142 10.6 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 5,059 1923 6,555 Colored 740 930 Total 5,799 7,485 White 40 93 TAXABLE VALUE 1823. Colored 12 15 Personal $2,936,140 Land $4,119, Corporation $979,848 Total 52 108 Polls $3,263 Grade Total. Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded... Median Age Med. Retardation Ace-Orade Retardation I n III 1,093 689 698" 24 16 48 614 265 268 455 408 382 2 2 7 56 39 38 42 59 55 7.6 9.5 10 0.6 1.5 1 IV VI VII VIII 638 473 366 306 161 10 13 11 5 5 220 141 115 74 59 408 319 240 227 97 2 3 3 2 3 34 30 31 24 37 64 67 66 74 60 11.7 12.7 13.6 14.9 15. 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.4 IX XI Total 122 60 40 4,646 13 7 1 153 37 31 14 1,838 72 22 .25 2,655 11 11 2 3 30 52 35 40 59 37 63 57 16.3 16.5 18.8 1.3 0.6 1.8 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF WALKER COUNTY. BY E. A. Pound, Supervisor, March, 1924. SCHOOL LaFayette Chickamauga Rossville Consolidated Cedar Grove Consolidated. Linwood West LaFayette Naomi West Armuchee ConsoL Flintstone Osborn Warren Catlett Center Grove Chattooga Cornith Estelle High Point Mission Ridge Mt. Carmel ." Peavine Pond Spring _ Rock Spring Trans Villanow Wallaceville Waterbille Wesley Chapel. Bethel Burnt Mill Chenchat Concord Fairvie w Furnace Garrett's Chapel.. Griffin ~__ Harrisburg Henderson High :;: Kensington Lee New Prospect.. Noble ~~~~ Oak Grove.. . Old Bethel " Pine Grove Pleasant Grove Ridgway Sunnyside a a tf 0) M $10,875 10,210 10,440 5,940 3,825 3,915 1,620 3,015 1,440 900 1,290 750 588 930 660 780 6 630 6 840 6 750 6 600 6 750 6 690 (i 738 6 720 6 930 6 888 6 840 6 330 6 360 6 390 6 300 6 300 6 270 6 300 6 300 6 330 6 300 300 600 6 390 6 600 6 270 6 300 6 258 6 300 6 270 6 390 6 450 6+ $72,862 3v ia. --* do ai P St 14 11 12 12 10 2 6 1 12 549. __C 12 11 13 13 11 2 7 464. ..D 22 9 12 10 11 1 5 419. ...C 6 11 6 6 6 3 264. ...E 5 53 4 1 4 4 297. _.E 6 55 411 280. __E 4 41 3 1 2 .: 122. ._E 4 3 44 a1 4 4 1 5 115. ... E 2 1 2 7 ... 185. _.E 2 32 2 1 1 4 2 106. __E 3 31 3 1 71. __E 3 2 2 2 57. _.E 2 2 112 56. _.E 2 2 2 1 92. _.E 2 2 2 56. _.E 2 2 1 1 13 80. __E 2 2 1111 ..E 2 "z 2 2 2 4 .. 64. __E 2 .. 66. _.E 2 2 11 .. 61 _ ._E 2 2 2 L 64. ..E 2 2 11 __E 2 2 2 55. ._E 2 2 1111 56. ..E 2 2 2 ... ... 11 108. ..C 1 2 2 ... 2 53.. _.E 2 2 2 67.. __E 1 1 1 40.. ..E 1 1 1 50.. ..E 2 1 1 43.. ..E 1 1 1 39.. ..E 2 1 1 36.. __E 1 1 1 20.. ..E 1 1 ... 1 34.. -.E 1 1 ... 1 29.. _E 1 1 1 2 ._ 45.-. ..E 1 1 ... 1 25.. __E 1 1 1 ... 1 29.. __E 2 11 1 .. 5 ._ 32.. -E 1 1 ... 1 1 2 .. 50.. -E 1 1 1 9 _. 61.. _.E 1 1 2. 38.. ..E 1 1 1 .. 6 .. 31.. __E 1 1 .... 1 1 5 .. 20.. -E 1 1 .... 1 1 7 ._ 28.. _.E 1 1 .... 1 _. 1 24_. ..E 1 1 1 ... 1 .... 30.. _.E 1 1 1 .... 1 2 .. 32.. ..E 135. 123 80 43 101 22 67 103 26 4,691 E REPORT ON WALKER COUNTY SURVEY. BY E. A. Pound. a 2 go n AA AA A+D AA Oc c I! cC BD BE DE CD DD DD DD EE ED EE DE DD ED CD OD DD CD DE DE DD DE DE DE EE DD EE DE EE EE EE EE CD EC DE DD DD DE DE EE DD EE D+E In 1921 Hon. M. L. Duggan made an intensive survey of this county and the results of that survey, incorporated in Bulletin No. 35 of the Department of Education. This Bulletin will show the educational conditions as they existed at that time. The recommendations that he made then should obtain now for the county, although it has made some educational progress, has entirely too many schools for one superintendent to handle successfully, and too many teachers are teaching too many grades. j|||||MB|HMHHMlMBM GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 33 There are in the county 6,133 white children. These are taught in 51 schools--47 of which are in operation now. There are 898 colored children and these are taught in ten schools. During the past few years consolidations have been made at Cedar Grove, Eossville, West Armuchee. A recent consolidation has been made at Rock Springs. They have called an election for the issuance of bonds to the amount of $15,000 for the new building at Rock Springs.This election will be held this month, and the prospects are good for carrying the election for bonds. These consolidations represent forward steps, and yet, there should be at least eight more good consolidations combining at least thirty of the schools. In the four consolidations already made twelve schools were combined. The rural child will never secure an equality of educational opportunity until he is able to attend a good consolidated school where he can get adequate length of recitation periods and more attention from the teacher than he now has. As a rule the length of term in the schools already consolidated is nine months, whereas the average length of term in the small schools which yet obtain is only six months. This county needs to realize the fact that one man cannot successfully handle all the schools that are now in operation. Every effort should be made to bring about more consolidations, and whether this is done or not the Superintendent should have at least one good supervisor to help him keep more closely in touch with the schools. As it is, they are not and cannot be adequately supervised. The whole system needs improvement and correlation and this the Superintendent earnestly hopes to bring about, but some conditions should be changed before this can be realized. Buildings. The county has some buildings that will answer as school buildings but too many of them are not fitted for the purpose that they serve. The consolidated school will bring into being a better type of building and this in itself will be a forward step for the county, as most of the buildings are of the D or E class. The county has one Rosenwald building costing $1,600 at Dewberry near Rossville. This building will serve as a model for the coming negro school building. Teachers. The teachers heretofore have had very little training as a rule but it is the ambition of the Superintendent to change this state of affairs, by increasing the length of term, and by encouraging his teachers to attend normal and summer schools. By developing more con solidated schools, by ehminating the twenty or more one-teacher schools in which the teacher has entirely too many grades, a longer length of term may be had and a better prepared teacher secured. The schools at Lafayette and Chickamauga and Rossville are all good schools, and have splendid buildings. Rossville has recently erected a new building at a cost of about $70,000, and Lafayette has a beautiful school building recently completed costing the same. All of these schools have a nine months term. The pupils attending these schools are getting splendid educational advantages. The people of the county should see to it that all the children of the county have the same kind of an educational opportunity as have the pupils of these favored sections. The following recommendations are made: Longer terms for the rural schools. Better prepared teachers for the rural schools. More supervision for the rural schools. Fewer grades to the teacher. More consolidated schools by the elimination of practically all of the two and one-teacher schools where a child never gets the chance he should have. The co-ordination and correlation of the work of the city and county schools. The continuance of the Barrett-Rogers Fund to this county for the support of the rural child in the Senior High School. The development of a real county system of schools by the adoption of the county unit plan. The independent system at Chickamauga should be eliminated, as should also the semi-independent system at Linwood. All the children of the county should be placed upon the same basis and given the same advantages, and until the counties of Georgia realize this fact, we will never have the schools we ought to have, and will present the spectacle of a state with many counties treating many of the children unjustly. The development of the educational consciousness of the people of the rural districts until they realize that unless they energize themselves and take more interest in their children's education the result may be disastrous to their future. A careful reading of the survey of 1921 by Mr. Dug'gan. Important. The County Board is offering a bonus of $5,000 per year to the district that will issue bonds and erect a consolidated school where needed. 34 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS WHITE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates 1920 1910 White 5,709 4,713 Colored 396 397 Total 6,105 5,110 6-18 Years 1,913 1,553 Attending School 1,247 1,182 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. Over 10 Years 433 541 16-20 Years 34 41 Per Cent 10.0 15.2 No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,849 1923 2,102 Colored 153 153 Total 2,002 2,255 White 20 39 Colored 6 6 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Total 26 45 Personal $492,241 Land $967,270 Corporation $77,919 Polls $1,261 RECORD OF WHITE COUNTY. BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor, March, 1924. SCHOOL Cleveland Helen Public Shoal Creek Blue Creek Mass Creek New Bridge Oaks Chapel Robertstown Tesnatee White Creek Woodlawn Zion Blue Ridge Duckett Duke's Creek Eatress Friendship Hickory Nut Laurel Hill Pleasant Retreat Town Creek Union Grove Zeona. Nacoochee Inst a 1 CO O O.CP cd a) <* fi Co OS'S dW EH CO fc> a) CO 9 $3,675 11 6 5 ...267 _..E C B 6 1,200 83 2 1 95 ...C C B 6 990 83 2 2 133 E C D 6 570 62 1 56 E C D 6 570 62 2 65 E D E 6 525 62 2. 6 510 72 2_ 45 E EE 55 E E E 7 560 82 2 7 525 62 1 83 E C E 43 D E E 6 570 721 2 76 E C E 6 615 621 2 73 E D E 6 570 721 2 66 . .DDE 6 6 270 300 5 7 T.. 24 _ E D E 25 C L E 6 180 3 6 300 4 6 270 7 1 17 E E E 29 E D E 37 .E D E 6 240 6 1 33 E D 6 180 7 1 17 D D 6 270 6 1 6 270 7 1 43 ... 37 .E D E DDE 6 240 6 1 .. 1 6 285 7 1 23 E D D 30 E D D 9 3,000 12 12 10 5 5 33 157 ._..E A A 6+ $16,605 52 51 22 29 4 10 28 4 1 1,529 __E+ D+D- GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 35 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med Retardation RECORD OF WHITE COUNTY (Continued.) Age Grade Retardation in in IV V VI VII Vm IX X XI Total 481 162 17(5 204 150 110 77 57 17 23 12 T469" 10 925231 2 34 294 41 75 64 31 20 17 16" T" 3 "6" 562 177 112 99 135 117 87 59 47 16 18 6 873 2613131 9 2 61 25 43 31 21 18 22 18 1" 13 86"" 39 37 69 56 66 78 79 77 82 94 78 50 59 7.5 9.9 10.3 11.8 13.2 14.5 15.6 16.0 17.6 17.7 18 0 0.5 1.9 1.3 1.8 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.0 2.6 1.7 1.0 REPORT ON WHITE COUNTY SURVEY. BY I. S. Smith. The schools of White County are in fairly good condition and mere are many signs of progress. A number of consolidations have been made within the pasr year, ana as a result of this many new buildings have been built or are now in the course of construction. It is very gratifying to see the care that Supt. Edwards is exercising in seeing that these new buildings are being properly constructed. All indications are that White County is alive to the needs of her children and is making much progress in her public school system. Population HARRIS COUNTY Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per CeDt Years School Years Years 1920 1910 4,564 5,021 11,209 12,865 15,773 17,886 5,079 5,847 3,678 3,168 2,626 3,761 272 506 23.4 28.9 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,279 1923 1,254 Personal $983,210 Colored Total White 4,008 3,681 5,278 4,935 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land $1,861,867 Corporation $1,152,884 Colored 459 Total 465 90 Polls $1,916 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation Age-Grade Retardation I II 148 10 115 23 7 78 15 6.8 111 11 75 26 10 67 23 7.9 III IV 126 13 82 31 10 65 25 8.9 169 14 90 65 8 53 39 10.4 0.4 V 117 16 70 31 14 60 26 11.2 0.2 VI VII VIII IX 101 97 85 72 5597 55 52 47 45 41 40 29 20 5 5 11 10 54 54 55 62 41 41 34 28 12.7 13.6 14.2 15.2 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.2 XI Total 63 5 47 11 8 75 17 16.0 37 8 18 11 21 49 30 17.0 1,127 103 696 328 9 62 29 36 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF HARRIS COUNTY. BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor, March, 1924. SCHOOL Hamilton Chipley Public. Waverly Hall... Cataula Jessie Wisdom.. Shiloh Sunnyside Ellerslie Antioch Central Ebenezer Flat Top Flint Hill... Hargett. Hop ewell Mt. Hill. Piney Grove. Smiths Union Hill oo a 6 CO SB $2,835 4 10 3,265 10 11 3,394 5 11 3,240 11 2,970 11 3,510 11 2,700 900 675 8 675 7 575 10 540 7 540 8 607 8 9 607 8 675 9 630 607 4^ 610 7 $29,555 47 47 44 si 0) M 3? 1 4 111 ..11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 42 5 17 S5 4 78 _ ..C 16 209 _.A 12 122. __B 5 86 . ..C 6 87 . ..A 122. __C 3 111 __B 18 . ...A 32 . _._E 30 . _-_E 16 . __-E 17 . _..D 16 . .__B 41 . ...E 36 . 3 -_. 46 . __A 26 . ...B 34 . E 24 _E 12 46 951. AD BA CA DC BB CC Bc CC DD DD DD ED EC EE DD DD ED DD ED D+D- REPORT ON HARRIS COUNTY SURVEY. BY J. O. Martin. The percentage of illiteracy in Harris County is exceedingly low. The schools have functioned unusually well. Cataula, Chipley, Jessie Wisdom, Hamilton, Shiloh, Waverly Hall and Sunnyside have kept the attendance in High School work far above the average. The teachers, for the most part, have kept themselves in training, and as a result their class-room work is more in keeping with modern thought. The term is nine months and there is a harmonious spirit of school interest throughout the County. A few more consolidations are necessary and these will be made as soon as the public roads will permit. J Georgia State School Items Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post offiee of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Ac! i ^1J8^8t ^'J?}2- Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Act of October 3,1917, authorized October 5,1923. Vol.1 Atlanta, July 15, 1924 No. 18 WASTE IN EDUCATION IN GEORGIA DUE TO NON-ENROLLMENT (Annual Meeting of City and County School Officials, Athens, Georgia, July 9, 1924.) It is peculiarly fitting that in the midst of so much discussion of waste and excess expenditure in education we should have this conference on waste due to a lack of education. Then, too, the desire to see Georgia get out of the cellar, educationally, has led us to a more serious study of the leaks in our system. On the other hand, we have heard so much about the waste of our forests; waste due to failure to utilize our water power; to deveop our clay products; the waste occasioned by the boll weevil, army worm, fire loss etc., that it is high time to consider whether or not education has a part in all these. But we can't educate the non-enrolled and absent child. "Well," some may say, "I know we are behind in education but isn't the State doing all it can for the schools? Isn't it giving everyone a chance to get an education? What more can be done?" As to the State's ability to do more for education, let me say that the State will never assume the rank it deserves until it goes in debt to get an educatior. Hundreds of Georgia's splendid leaders can testify to the sound business judgment of borrowing money to go to school. As to the idea that the State is giving everyone a chance, let us see what the facts are. For the purposes of this discussion, I would like to set up a four point standard of measurement; viz. 1. The proportion of children enrolled to the Census. 2. Length of term school is in operation. 3. The percentage of attendance. 4. The grade mortality. If he does not enroll, or if he does not have the opportunity of a full school year, or if he does not attend regularly, or if he drops out early in life, he and his State suffer a loss. In this good year one thousand nine hundred and twenty-four, one child out of every six of school age, was not enrolled in any school.' 150,000 children between the ages of six and eighteeen have not set foot in a school house this year. And not all were negroes either. Furthermore, we are told that less than 200,000 children had a chance to get more than seven months school last year, thru a short school term. Only twenty-five Counties provided a 180 day term last year. In other words, approximately only one child out of every four of school age, had a full chance to get an education. If figures showing the number of children of the fortunate 200,000 who attended eight months or more, a well'equipped school taught by a well equipped, well paid teacher, were available, I am sure we would hesitate to state them. All this is a waste and an enormous one. I fear we dare not comtemplate the loss. We are told that careful estimates place the average value of a day in school, all grades, at about four dollars. These are pre-war figures, too, I believe. This means that we are losing, yearly, one hundred and eight million dollars on our non-enrolled children alone. The loss through non-attendance and short school term will double this. Think of Georgia losing practically one quarter of a billion dollars each year through non-enrollment and non-attendance in school. Our State shudders today to think of "Sherman's March through Georgia." The bitterest pangs, the hardest wounds to heal, were his wanton and useless destruction of property. And yet the wast just mentioned would repay each year, a dozen times over, every dollar's worth of property destroyed in that invasion. It is common knowledge that Georgia has allowed herself to be outstripped by her neighboring states in material growth. The Secretary of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce recently had this to say about North Carolina: "One state in particular, has made remarkable strides in material and educational development. It has aquired hundreds of textile mills, furniture plants, tobacco factories and numerous 2 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS other industries which have brought in a vast amount of wealth." Notice that he links, unintentionally, perhaps, material and educational development. He presents figures showing that whereas, during the ten year period 1912-22 Georgia had an increase in wealth of 84%, North Caro Una had increased 175.7%. There is another loss, less tangible perhaps, and also less extensive, but nevertheless very real. More than 90% of our trouble in Atlanta with non-enrollment and non-attendancehas been among children of uneducated parents, who were therefore often unable to earn a sum sufficient for a living. One mother came into my office seeking a permit for her 13 year old boy to work. She had seven children under 14 years of age and was getting a wage of only twelve and one-half cents per hour. Another was notified that she must put her children, two of them, in school. In this case both parents were living, the mother getting $6.25 per week doing piece work, and the father scarcely more. Thus we have the vicious circle; parent, unskilled laborer, unable to support family, takes child out of school--(encouraged to do so by the State!) puts the child to work, thus stunting his mental and physical growth. The child, in tu rn becoming a parent, must put his child to labor to support the family. We hear much in our cities of constructive charity. No charity work can be more constructive than to keep the children of poor, destitute parents in school. We have come to the conclusion in Atlanta, that the idea of letting a 12 year old boy or girl go to work to support a widowed mother is uneconomical, unfair and criminal. It has no foundation in sentiment, economy or charity. We hold that such child, of all children, must have an education and that it is the duty of the Community to support both widow and child, if necessary, while he gets it. And this idea has been carried out. The sum total of absences of children within the compulsory age limit in Atlanta, who were excused this year for economic reasons, is less than two months. There is the moral waste. President Coolidge says, "Ignorance is the most fruitful source of crime in this country." And crime is costing the U. S. three billion dollars, annually. Some say it costs ten billion. Strange to say, one of the best criminal lawyers in Atlanta has launched a state-wide attack on the spending of so much money for education, using Atlanta as a text. True to type, however, he was very active in increasing the salary of judges in his county, saying that the salary must be high enough to attract men of the best calibre to the bench. We now have some ten judges all of whom, with one exception, get twice as much as the City Superintendent of Schools and more than three times as much as the County Superintendent. An educated citizenship will not wipe out crime, just like it will not wipe out poverty, but that cannot justify a continuation of ignorance that breeds crime and poverty. There is the waste due to undeveloped manhood and womanhood. We can't measure this. It is well, perhaps, that we cannot. But can there be a greater tragedy than the undeveloped, untrained mind and heart (for true education must reach the heart.) Not many years ago there was born in the mind of some good people of Edinburgh the idea of a great memorial. On a beautiful eminence overlooking the city, the site was selected. The plan was to reproduce the famous public buildings of ancient Rome. Marble and stone were collected. The work began, but the project fell through. The work ceased, and instead of a thing of beauty, joy and pride, there lies the unshapen stone in a heap of blasted hopes and dreams. How many minds has Georgia blasted. How many persons in our State with an intelligence capable of the highest development but who, for want of training, are doomed to toil at twelve cents per hour. True there are some, who, like the river impeded in its course, will find a way either around or over the impediment, yet the vast majority are like the flower that, deprived of sunlight, withers and dies. I have not mentioned grade mortality. The last annual report of the State Superintendent shows that for thirty-two children enrolled in First Grade, only sixteen were in Third Grade, while only one was In Fourth year, High School. The mortality in the primary grades is appalling. Practically all our (Atlanta) non-promotions in the primary grades this year were due actually to irregular attendance and that is listed as the chief cause for non-promotions in all the other grades. The loss in non-promotions is twofold. He may drop out of school entirely, but if he returns he must repeat. Taken all in all, I have e stimated that an absentee from school costs three times as much as a child in school. Though exact figures are not available, it has been estimated that Georgia spends three-fourths of a million dollars each year teaching repeaters. A large precent of this can be set down against irregular attendance. i LOSS IN GOOD GOVERNMENT. One of the most serious accusations brought against rulers of old was that they neglected to educate their people. The power was founded on ignorance and their hope of continued domination depended on their ability to keep from the masses the light of Knowledge. They feared the educated person. Might we not meekly ask wether the same philosophy has controlled, at times, our own policy toward education? And is not the same influence back of the nation-wide attack being made on education today? The employer fears that his employees will demand higher wages and the community political clique knows that it is harder to manipulate the vote of the educated man. This is not merely an assumption. Evidences GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 3 may be seen on every hand. Have not some attempted all along to justify our niggardly effort to educate the negro on the ground that a little learning "made a fool of him?" Only a few days ago I heard an individual in our city say that the way the Board of Education has "spent money on the niggers is a disgrace to this city." The speaker was roundly cheered for the sally. Incidentally that person is a candidate for the Legislature. You will hear it repeated on every hand that "politics" is ruining our State, that it is dragging down our government and impeding progress. Well, what more might be expected of a people whose average education does not extend beyond the third grade? Georgia must get her children in school. And that means every child. We may boast good buildings tram good teachers, etc., but if the child is not there when the bell rings, all effort is of no avail. How can this be done? Among other remedies that may be mentioned this morning we may: First, Establish night schools under certain conditions. Second, State funds might be apportioned on a basis of attendance instead of the periodic school census. Third, Let school officials, teachers and civic organizations encourage attendance. A Superintendent must realize that his obligation is just as much toward the child out of school as the child in school. The "go to school" campaigns in Atlanta have put over twice as many pupils in school as has the Compulsory Education Law. While the fact that our attendance has been increased 10% in the last few years is due practically entirely to personal interest on the part of the Principals and teachers, for as a matter of fact, the present compulsory law tends to decrease rather than increase average attendance. Fourth, The compulsory law may be strengthened and better enforced. A bill is now being prepared which will: 1--Make the age limit seven to fifteen inclusive. 2--Lengthen somewhat, the school term. 3--Provide for better enforcement by putting the matter of enforcement in the hands of the Juvenile Court. Fifth, Let School Officials first say we will get the child in school, consider handicaps only to overcome them. How many have set the standard "a school enrollment equal to the Census?" Sixth, Enrich the curriculum. We must no longer hide behind the adage "You may lead a horse to water but you can't make him drink." But that is for another speaker and I must say I thank you for your kind attention. 0 M. E. COLEMAN. SCHOOL CONSOLIDATION. Delivered Before the Convention of School Officers July 8,1924, Athens, Ga., by J. E. D. Shipp. With great trepidation I approach the subject of Consolidated Schools as assigned me by your worthy State Superintendent. My embrassment would be greater were it not for the fact that I presume upon your liberality and sympathetic minds for encouragement which I know characterizes the members of this Association, engaged as you are in the greatest of all work that challenges and invites co-operation and alliance. During the eight years struggle for independence the Colony of Georgia furnished more than her share of men and money to carry on the great war. She was dubbed the lost Colony because completely over-run by the British and at the conclusion of peace there were only nineteen thousand white people within her borders. The great Constitution they adopted provided most liberally for educating the youth of the land, and when Georgia became a State she was the first to organize a State University. The University of Georgia was chartered in 1785, forty years before the University of Virginia was founded. The unprecedented appropriations for Schools as made by the Legislature brought unprecedented prosperity wealth, intelligence and population. Her statesmen, poets, philosophers, teachers, authors and inventors everywhere illustrated her unexampled efforts for School betterment and Georgia became the Empire State of the South. She grew and was the wonder and admiration of all the world until the beginning of Civil War of the sixties. Then, what a change came over her, my brethern. Her people impoverished and dispirited by four years of internecine war faced the horrors of reconstruction and her seminaries were unsupported and unattended. History repeats itself--the material prosperity of the State declined with the decline of education. It is always the case that a State or Nation will ever grow in wealth and material prosperity just in proportion as education is fostered by her people. Every automobile on your streets is a badge of honor to GEOBGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS Michigan where 70% of them are manufactured, and a badge of dishonor to Georgia. This State excels in timber, minerals and soil, but Michigan, sixty eight years younger, spends twenty-two ($22.00) dollars for education to every one that Georgia expends, and in manufacturing and material prosperity Michigan expands twenty times as fast as our own State. God has blessed us with the raw material but we are slaves to King Cotton and many of the flowers of our population go elsewhere for employment. The picture is appalling. The late census shows that Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia are the lowest down in the scale of per capita wealth of any States in the Union. The reason for this is that these States are also the highest in the scale of illiteracy. Material prosperity is as sure to follow educational advancement as the day follows the night. There are three words that come to me here in natural sequence that I wish I could impress indellibly upon the hearts of our people. They are EDUCATION, DIVERSIFICATION and GLORIFICATION. Who among you will deny that Education begets Diversification, and Diversification breeds Glorification? The Federal Government spends ninety-three ($93.00) dollars out of every one hundred ($100.00) dollars that it raises by taxation to pay for past wars or to provide for future conflicts. For every dollar spent in construction, ninety-three are spent for destruction. Our Congressmen and Senators are unmindful of the fact that the best wall of protection this Country can possibly build is not in steel armaments and battleships, but in the proper education of her citizens. Only One Dollar out of every One Hundred Dollars is used for education by the people of the United States. The building of one battleship costs enough to endow a College for all time. The only way to make America sure for democracy is through the school room. Banish ignorance and crime will be lessened. The National Society for the Prevention of Crime has lately published figures showing indisputably that 6% of the money of the Government is spent to punish crime. Will not a common knowledge of these facts bring a common sense of conviction? It is our shame that 70% of the children do not pass beyond the third grade in the Schools of this Country. There is but one remedy for all these evils that afflict us. The cost of ignorance is too great for a proud people to bear longer. The Consolidated School means better teaching, better schools and is a complete solution of all these evils. The money to run these Schools can be had without any additional taxation, if our people will only become alive to the necessity of proper action. If our Legislature would hold only beinnial or quadrennial sessions instead of annual sessions, there would be fewer and better laws and more respect for the necessary laws and enough would be saved the State to promote our Schools to a higher standard of efficiency.If the Schools are made better there need be fewer Courts and greater savings in prisons, almhouses and asylums. The cost of ignorance is infinitely greater than the cost of learning. The waste, want of system, and inefficieny of the one and two-teacher schools to give opportunity to development of pupils and teachers are so apparent that I need not descant on them at this time.;' I thank God that I live in a county that has already awakened from its lethargy. Her forty schools have been turned into ten consolidated schools that teach the eleven grades, by teachers everyone of whom are full College graduates and are selected for their worth and ispiriting qualifications. The districts have all by a two-thirds vote assumed local taxation. We have in Sumter County the finest High School buildingin the South outside of the corporate limits of any city. Six school districts unite to form the accredited Union High School. This is one of the jewels that we point to with pride, like Cornelia of old when she exhibited her two sons--the Gracchi--to the women of Rome. To promote uniformity of grades we have four annual examinations given by the Superintendent, and pupils are classed by these grades as examined by him. Two dozen Ford trucks run nine months in the year transporting children to and from School who live over three miles from the School-house. Two days are spent in a convocation every year where the Schools meet and contend for numerous prizes in debate, athletics and examinations. These Olympiads are looked forward to always with great expectancy, and the School making the best average takes the Loving Cup, and the prizes of One Thousand ($1,000.00) Dollars to the best High School and Five Hundred ($500.00) Dollars to the best consolidated Grammar School is awarded under the Smith-Hughes Act. Agriculture is taught in all our schools and in five of them we have Agricultural teachers, five-eighths of whose salary is paid under the Barrett-Rogers Act. We have five Rosenwald Schools built by the Rosenwald Fund and voluntary contributions from the negroes themselves. Fifty per cent, of the time of these colored pupils is devoted to manual and vocational training. One of these negro Schools (The Nunn Industrial) took twelve of the prizes offered by the Ohattahoochee Valley Exposition held at Columbus in 1923. Their industrial work is simply a matter of much comment and approbation of all visitors. The most interesting feature of the Sumter County Fair Association every year is the competition of the Consolidated Schools for the handsome prizes offered. Every School Superintendent is required to teach all the other teachers of the School at least forty minutes every week on such subj ects as he thinks most needful. The County Board pays the teachers of the county in accordance with a budget system GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 5 based on attendance, the rule being thirty-five pupils to each teacher. If I were asked what one thing more than any other promoted the greatest uniformity and co-ordination among the schools I would answer--the quarterly examinations as given by the Superintendent which are graded by him and insepcted by the Board of Eudcation of the County. The trucks, schoolbuildings, maintenance and all expenses except salary of the teachers are paid entirely by local district taxation. In a number of instances the teachers drive the trucks. Drivers generally furnish all oil and do all repairs to the trucks and drive by contract at a price varying from Fifty to Seventy Dollars per month. Our County Commissioners give school truck roads the preference, generally, in working county roads. A teacherage is being built at several of the Schools. Teachers are paid from $675.00 for first year teachers to $1,800.00 and dwelling for Principals of the High Schools. The Schools are all required to have at least five acres of land for playground, flowers and Agricultural uses. These schools were formed not without greatest persistent effort. Opposition has frequently been manifested, many complaints of taxation, expense and removals by advocates of the single-teacher Schools have been made. But this opposition has been fairly overcome and it now seems that Sumter County will never again have one of these greatest obstacles to better education, viz: one and two-teacher schools. We had a Board of Education who were both patiently courageous and patriotic and by hard licks have successfully parried the slings and arrows with which old conservatism eternally battles progress. A good joke was told on an Atlanta lawyer representing an electric Company. It is said that he was extolling the virtues of their splendid power and electric lights that rivalled the sun's brightness when he exclaimed: "Gentlemen, if I were disposed to pun I would say in the words of immortal Tennyson; "Honor the Light Brigade', Then a wag in the crowd hallowed out, "What an awful charge they made." But labor and sacrifice have always been the price of excellence. The schools themselves, when established have grown very precious to the people as they equalize by bringing the poorest schools up to the best and are the means of interesting the community in the betterment of its own life to keep pace with the ideals set before the children. Life is sweeter in Sumter. Some of us believe that there are only two kinds of people in Georgia, viz: Those who live in Sumter and those who want to live in Sumter O ounty. We are giving at home to our children that which above all other things is most important--a good education which is the birthright of every true-born American boy and girl. Our rural population has ceased to move to the cities and our lands sell for higher prices--education is bringing the much needed diversification, and diversification is sure to bring glorification. "WE are living, we are dwelling In a grand and awful time, In an age on ages telling To be living is sublime." If I were a Gutzon Borglum or a Powell I would chisel in solid granite on our own Stone Mountain not the historic Georgia of the maps and books, but the idealized spiritual Georgia of the soul--Not the record of wars alone, nor the achievements of the glorious past, but on that peak of the everlasting hill that first catches the earliest gleams of the great harbinger of day I would carve in indestructible granite in words resplendent the old Greek Proverb: "The love of learning is learning." and I would have Miss Columbia with a radiant face as if she had caught a vision of the Heaven beyond as she views a humble little Georgia highbrow whose head is bedecked with the amoranth of immortality, her tresses bound with mountain laurel, the fit emblem of virtue and at her feet palms of victory as she is pointing with pride and inspiriting her pupils with the love of learning that only a great teacher can impart. And then I would complete the picture by having the Goddess Columbia constrained by a divine sympathy as she perceives the patient, heroic, under-paid and unappreciated teacher at her daily grind let fall from her lips the golden words of truth and wisdom-- "Of such is the Kingdom of Heaven and hope of the Nation." GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RANDOLPH COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 5,711 11,009 16,720 5,097 4,124 2,373 216 19.3 1910 5,854 12,986 18,840 5,634 2,912 4,364 542 32.7 STAE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 1,639 1923 1,774 Personal 4,028 4,371 5,667 6,145 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation 241 249 165 167 Polls $1,006,715 $2,561,900 $379,190 $1,817 RECORD OF RANDOLPH COUNTY. BY E. A. Pound Supervisor. Feb. 1924. SCHOOL Cuthbert Shellman Coleman Benevolence Carnegie Martin Taylor.. Andrews JoeTerrell Mobley Pachetta Springvale Trinity Vilulah... Brooksville 13 ft S tf 03 03 M 03 aft 03 oj K P3 + do go 55 9 $12,425 11 11 11 11 10 1 2 373 .. B A A 9 8,950 9 11 9 9 9 6 24 257 BA A 9 2,905 4 9 4 4 4 .. m. . 86 DC C 8| 1,980 2 10 3 3 3 1. 57 BC C 9 1,018 3 10 3 3 3 2. 70 .DC D 8 1,808 3 8 3 3 21 3 72 .DC C 8 1,808 3 10 3 3 3 2 87 CO c 8 952 2 10 2 2 2 __ .. __ 55 CD E 8 1,092 2 9 2 2 2 1 59 DC D 7 1,008 2 9 2 11 2 . 50 CD D 7 1,120 2 7 2 2 2 1 .. 42 DD D 7 1,192 2 10 2 11 2 1 42 .AC D 7 1,171 2 8 2 11 11 2 40 . D D E 8 1,192 2 10 2 2 2 .58 CO D 8 600 2 7 1 11 1 22 CD D 39,211 51 51 51 51 45 6 48 3 22 24 1,370 CC C GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 7 Grade RECORD OF RANDOLPH COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation I II HI IV V VI VH viH ix X XI Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation 197 167 164 152 141 117 2 4 8 2 13 10 155 131 100 93 79 56 40 32 56 57 49 51 124198 79 79 62 62 56 48 20 19 34 37 35 44 6.9 8.4 9.2 10.6 11.5 12.6 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.6 121 11 74 36 10 61 29 13.4 0.4 100 84 61 33 5541 48 60 38 20 47 19 19 12 5663 48 71 63 61 47 23 31 33 14.9 15.3 16 4 17 7 0.9 0.3 0.4 0.V 1 337 65 854 418 64 REPORT ON RANDOLPH COUNTY SURVEY. BY E. A. Pound. Randolph County has the county unit plan as to administration of its schools. The county levies a county wide tax of five mills over the whole county. There are two local tax districts in addition to Cuthbert and Shellman. This tax supplements the county wide tax for these districts. In Randolph county there are fifteen white schools as follows: 1 one-teacher school, with grades limited; 7 two-teacher schools; 4 three-teacher schools; 1 fourteacher school; and two large schools at Cuthbert and Shellman. At Cuthbert is located a first class Junior College--Andrew College. The largest schools of the county are at Cuthbert and Shellman. At both of these places there are excellent high schools and both of these are on the accredited list. Partial consolidations have been made at both of these schools. Shellman has absorbed an entire school and Cuthbert two. The County is striving to give its children an equality of educational opportunity by offering to all who are prepared the advantages of the high schools at Shellman and Cuthbert. Cuthbert is receiving the $1,000 bonus from the Barrett-Rogers fund and free transportation is offered to all rural high school pupils to these schools. This is a great step forward. However, this county has eleven schools offering work in the eighth, ninth and tenth grades. These schools are not adequately prepared to do this work. These eleven schools have 100 boys and girls in high school grades. They are taught by teachers who are forced to give much of their time to the grammar grades. As a result neither the high school pupils nor those in the grammar grades from whom the time of the teacher is taken are given adequate length of recitation periods. It would be better if the County would see that only one or two Junior schools are established in the county, these schools to teach through the ninth grades and all rural high school pupils above these grades sent to the Senior high schools at Cuthbert and Shellman. The length of term in the county varies. Several schools are giving nine months' term, some eight months, some seven, and some six. The average length of term for the white schools is about eight and a half months. The average length of term for colored children is six months. Many of the districts supplement the county wide tax and thereby lengthen their terms. The following recommendations are made for this county: The elimination of the high school grades from at least nine of the rural schools. The further consolidation of schools. The schools at Pachetta and Trinity have already authorized by a vote the consolidation of these schools. The reduction of the number of grades per teacher in the average rural school. The development of one or two first class Junior High Schools well equipped and well manned. The development of club work throughout the county. The formation of more clubs and literary societies in the rural schools. The erection of more Rosenwald schools or better school buildings for some of the colored schools. The continued improvement of the buildings for whites. Attention is called to the survey made by Supervisor M. L. Duggan, in 1916. Many improvements have been made in buildings since that time. Paine College--so-called--is a colored school at Cuthbert with 300 pupils. Population GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS WORTH COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates Whits Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 11,314 12,548 23,862 7,940 6,229 3,450 393 20.7 1910 9,630 9,517 19,147 5,965 3,378 2,863 103 21.4 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. | Illiterates Over 10 Yrg. White Colored Total White Colored 1918 3,709 4,134 7,843 36 157 1923 3,506 3,731 7,237 9 196 TAXABLE VALUE 1823. Total 183 205 Personal Land Corporation Polls $1 10 1,149 $3,876,352 $573,788 RECORD OF WORTH COUNTY. BY J. 0. Martin, Supervisor, April, 1924. $2,252 SCHOOL +3 +i a as OS 00 n a o o 3 at E-t Hc Ao 9 SaoB EH o 6 d 55 55 1) H aa 5?S 55 &JCQ o a aSo H 0 55 55 > " 5 Is a i 00 < n cr N Satis. Unaatis. Sylvester 9 $19,480 19 11 18 17 1 16 4 25 450. ..B B A Shingler 9 1,620 2 5 2 2 2 53. ..D C O Sumner.. 8 5,560 8 11 8 8 7 72 279.. DDE Warwick Cons 5 3,200 8 11 8 6 2 7 2 224.. DAB Pouian -- 8 3,360 5 10 6 6 5 4 137. . ODD Minton 7 2.200 5 9 5 4 4 31 128.. E D D Red Rock Cons 5 1,650 6 8 4 2 4 .. 4 116.. --E A O Vickers. 5 1,860 4 10 4 3 3 34 123.. -E D D Bridgeboro 5 1,120 3 8 3 2 2 3 121.. __E D D Denby 5 875 3 8 3 1 3 21 37.. -E E D Doles , 5 1,025 3 9 3 2 3 13 2 85.. ..D D C Evergreen 5 925 3 9 3 2 12 1 61.. _.E D C Gordy 5 950 3 9 3 2 3 4 66 _.D D D NewProspect 5 900 3 8 3 1 21 6 89.. E E D Paulk's Chapel 5 950 3 9 3 3 21 1 50. _.D D D Perry 5 925 3 7 3 1 2 3 1 66. ..E E D Temper 5 1,470 3 10 3 2 1 2 1 3 72. -D D D Bowen 5 600 2 6 2 22 50. -D E D Coleman 5 600 2 7 2 2 2 47. ..E D D Gregory 5 600 2 7 2 1 1 1 1 36_ ..E D D Liberty Hill ..... 5 600 2 7 2 211 46.. _E D C OakField 9 900+ 3 8 2 11 59.. .0 E D Parkervule 5 550 2 8 2 .... 2 .... 2 45.. E E E Willis 5 700 3 8 2 1 1 2 43.. E D D Wright's Chapel.. 5 600 2 6 2 1 1 1 1 37. ..E E D Davis. 5 200 1 6 1 .... 1 1 27 ..E E E Powelltown_. 5 250 1 7 1 .... 1 1 19 ..E D E South Minton 5 300 1 6 1 11 36. ..E D C 5+ $53,970+ 105. 101 71 30 82 19 56 38 40 2,572.. _.D-- D D GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF WORTH COUNTY (Continued) Grade .T Ttai--- -- Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation Age-Grade Retardation I nm IV VI VII VIII - 540 334 327 289 48 18 8 7 358 156 158 115 134 160 161 167 9 5 3 2 "" g6 47 48 40 25 48 49 58 ___'_ 7.0 8.9 9.9 11.3 0.9 0.9 1.3 253 8 106 139 3 42 55 12.2 1.2 266 12 108 146 4 41 55 13.2 1.2 236 8 73 155 3 31 66 14.6 1.6 159 12 48 99 8 30 62 15.5 1.5 IX 62 8 20 34 13 32 55 16.6 1.2 XI 73 8 37 28 11 51 38 16.6 0.6 65 18 29 18 28 44 28 16.9 Total 2,604 155 1,208 1,241 6 46 48 REPORT ON WORTH COUNTY SURVEY. BY J. O. Martin. J Under prevailing conditions Worth County seems to be doing about as well as it could do. Its length of term is only five months and it is levying the limit of five mills county-wide tax for supple- mentary purposes. Hence its greatest need is more money with which the term can be lengthened to seven or eight months and with which certain consolidations and other improvements can be made. OCONEE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years School Years Years 1920 1910 6,348 5,942 4,719 5,162 11,067 11,104 3,663 2,286 1,626 1,855 1,361 1,966 144 250 17.0 25.0 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. J No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,814 1923 1,748 Personal Colored Total White 1,441 3,255 19 1,012 2,760 11 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 122 64 Total 141 75 Polls $651,455 $1,504,138 $444,617 Age-Grade Retardation $1,942 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation.- I 290 12 193 85 4 67 29 7.2 0.2 nm 142 4 62 76 3 44 53 9.1 1.1 179 6 89 84 3 50 47 9.9 0.9 iv 184 5 66 113 3 36 61 11.5 1.5 v 132 2 44 86 2 33 65 12.7 1.7 VI VII 127 131 4 2 43 51 80 78 3 1 34 39 63 60 13.5 14 1.5 1 VIII IX 79 52 1 1 21 23 57 28 12 27 44 72 54 15.8 16.1 1.8 1.1 XI Total 25 27 2 17 14" 13 68 52"" 24 48 16.4 17.9 0.4 0.9 1,368 39 623 706 3 45 52 10 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF OCONEE COUNTY. BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor, SCHOOL Watkinsville High. BishopHigh Bogart Central Eastville Farmington Barnett Shoals Bethabara Dove Creek High Shoals Mar's Hill Pine Grove Booth's Flat Rock Goshen Liberty Omer Poplar Springs Rose Hill Union Chapel X) d 03 03 03 M S$ 03 CO o + f3 m PS 033 22 do 30 125 $ 5,580 8 11 7 6 1 ... 22 254 C B B 2,470 4 10 4 4 4 .. 99. _D C O 2,820 4 11 4 4 3 122. .D B D 1,285 3 9 3 3 3 61. .E D D 2,000 4 9 3 1 2 3 .. 130. .E C E 1,760 3 10 3 3 3 .. 68. _B E E 1,350 2 9 2 2 .. 70_ .D E E 930 2 2 2 .. 87. .E D D 660 2 2 2 .. 47. .E D E 1,000 2 2 2 .. 49. .D D C 480 2 2 2 .. 49. .E D D 440 2 2 1 57. .C D E 420 1 1 .. 33. _E C E 330 1 27. _E D E 300 1 16. .E D E 340 1 20. _E E 360 2 1 1 .. 43_ .E E 420 1 1 1 __ 1 1 46. .E D E 450 2 1 1 .. 35. _E D D 6 330 1 1 1 .. 1 .. 47. _E 6+ $23,725 48 44 34 10 37 7 29 27 32 1,301 D--D+D- REPORT ON OCONEE COUNTY SURVEY. BY J. O. Martin. The main public roads in this county are good. The county, as a whole, is fairly level. The area of the county is small, yet there are twenty white schools in the county. This is too many. The buildings, with few exceptions, have served their day and purpose. The people know this for there is but little care taken of them and but little pride taken in them, by anybody, The buildings are poorly equipped--and with double seats, and many of these being one-sized adult homemade--good discipline is difficult to maintain. The entire 20 schools could be easily consolidated into five or six schools. Three of these should be Junior High Schools, and one, Watkinsville, a Senior High School. The entire county should be bonded for the purpose of building school buildings and a county-wide tax of ten mills should be voted for maintenance and administration and administered by the County School Administration. The term as run by the County Board is six months, the terms of the "Local Tax" districts are longer. The forward communities, mainly along the railroad, constitute the local tax districts. The above plan would eliminate the inequality of opportunity. The county not only needs to consolidate its schools, and to reorganize its financial system, but it needs to make provision for full-time supervision on the part of the County School Superintendent. A person cannot live on part pay and then be expected to do full time service. Divided effort always endangers success and invites failure. Every other county official is paid a salary sufficient to insure full time service. Why make this exception? -and at the expense of the children. Any business concern would go bankrupt within a short time if it were run on such unbusinesslike methods as County School Administration and Superintendent of this kind. The truth is the schools are bankrupt but since their results are not numbered in terms of dollars and cents the people do not readily recognize it. "People pay for what they need whether they get it or not." Oconee could become one of the "shining lights" in the State Educational System. Aside from its pride and need it could be a wonderful power for the state teacher-training institution at Athens. The teachers all over the county and the County School Superintendent are to be commended for their earnest efforts to do their best in their work. There was no failure there. GEOKGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 11 MONTGOMERY COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates 1920 1910 White 4,819 12,328 Colored 4,348 7,310 Total 9,167 19,638 6-18 Years 3,034 6,342 Attending School 2,198 3,630 Over 10 Years 1,119 2,152 16-20 Years 138 277 *Part of Montgomery County taken for new county of Wheeler since 1910 Census was taken. Per Cent 17.7 16.1 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White 1918 2,618 1923 1,820 Colored Total 2,015 1,855 4,633 3,675 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. White 16 47 Colored 126 126 Total 142 170 Personal $.396,287 Land Corporation $1,404,280 $358,227 RECORD OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY BY I. S. Smith, Supervisor, April, 1924. Polls $1,489 SCHOOL Mt. Vernon 6 Tarrytown "6 Kibbee 6 Uvalda '.'.'.V. 6 Alston Charlotte 6 Epping '.".".'.'.'. 6 Higston 6 New Hope.__ 6 Poplar Head 6 Ruth's Chapel 6 Sharp's Spur 6 Hock Branch 6 Kemp ~" 6 Long Pond .11.".. 6 McGregor 6 Oak Grove Sadie ~~~_ Swift Creek "". 6 Sword 6 tBrewton-ParkerInst._ 9 6+ $4,072 12 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OP MONTGOMERY COUNTY (Continued) Age-Grade Retardation Grade Total... Number Accelerated Number Normal.. Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation I II III IV 302 14 193 95 5 64 31 7.3 0.3 152 7 84 61 5 55 40 8.5 0.5 184 27 80 77 15 43 42 9.5 0.5 179 3 80 96 2 44 54 11.2 1.2 V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 122 126 118 57 53 32 33 1,358 4 2 4 10 32 76 43 58 50 29 31 22 12 682 75 66 64 18 22 7 19 600 3 2 4 17 96 6 35 46 42 51 58 69 36 50 62 52 54 32 42 22 58 44 12.5 13.0 14.1 14.3 15.6 15.8 18.2 1.5 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.6 1.2 REPORT ON MONTGOMERY COUNTY SURVEY. BY I. S. Smith. The length of the term in Montgomery County for the past year was six months. At the time of the survey all of the schools were closed except Mt. Vernon Public School, and the Brewton-Parker Institute, which is a Baptist school supported largely by the Church. Montgomery County does not have a Senior High School, but this work is taken care of by the B. P. I., which is a very efficient school. The county is out of debt and pays its teachers promptly at the end of each month. The county does not have a consolidated school and for this reason is getting no part of the BarrettRogers fund. The schools of the county are too close together and a too large per cent of them are one and twoteacher schools. They have a very efficient teaching force but it is impossible for them to do efficient work with from thirty to forty recitations each day. There are twenty white schools in the county. If the Board would center on six or eight central places and make the needed consolidations there would not be need for much transportation. With this consolidation of course would come better buildings and equipment. While the county is in need of better buildings in many of the school districts, it would not be wise to build them with the districts as they are. HALL COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS 1 1920 1910 Population White Colored 23,329 21,700 3,493 4,030 Total Children Total 26,822 25,730 1 6-18 Years 7,938 7,749 Attending 1 Over 10 School | Years 6,095 5,244 2,426 2,788 STATE iSCHOOL CENSUS. Illiterates 16-20 Years 193 303 Per Cent 12.4 15.1 No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. 1918 1923 White 6,809 7,482 Personal Colored Total White 1,156 1,362 7,965 152 8,844 136 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Colored 101 32 Total 253 168 Land Corporation Polls $3,055,078 $6,003,809 $2,002,337 $3,951 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 13 RECORD OF HALL COUNTY. "^ BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor, April, 1924. SCHOOL "fGainesville High 9 *Main Street 9 "Candler Street "V.V.V 9 Gainesville Mill ""."_" 10 New Holland _"" 10 Oakwood.. "8 Flowery Branch..'.llllllII 8 Brookton. 8 Candler Cons ~~~~~ 7 Sardis Cons Bethel '."." 7 .""III"II 7 Gillsville '-".".'.'.'.'.'.'.I 9 Jef f erson Acad .." 8 Chestnut Mt "7 AirLine... "~~ s *Belmont '_'_" Q Enon '.'.'.'.'.'..'. 6 Faulkner "~ 7 Harmony Half...ll.lllllllllll 8 LaurelHill "8 Mt. Vernon.. "" 6f Poplar Springs ...... 8 Sugar Hill 7 White Hall... Bristol lllllll 7 ~_~ 8 Buffington ....' 8 Center. Chattahoochee.. "s TMI 7 Cogburn 8 Corinth ~~ 7 Dewberry. 7 Flat Creek "ll'.llllll 8 Friendship 6 Grange Hall "7 Gilmer 6 Latty "8 Living Mission 7 Luck '..'..'. 8 Macedonia _ ~~~ 7 Merck '__'_ 7 Mountain View ".'..'..'.'.'. 7 New Bridge. '.'...'.'. 7 Oak Grove ~_*"" 6 Oconee O'Neal.. 7 .l.lllllllll 7 Piney Grove. "" 7 Pleasant Hill 6 Polksville *7 Price ' 7 Rock Hill 8 Skitts Mt 7 Spencer Hill. 7 Timber Ridge *7 Underwood 6 Union Hill W. B. Hill 7 "Jim 6J Whelchel... 8 Chattahoochee High "9 Lee Institute 8 MangetInst 8 8+ "3 a TJ8 o 13 0m + a ^ 0) A-l *f>>-l>* 03 Pi iH >> m o at as M as m3 P as *Lawrenceville -- -- 9 $12,880 16 11 14 14 14 268. ...B A A *Lawrenceville Factory 9 450 1 3 1 1 29. ...E E E *Buford 9 16,900 20 11 17 17 *' 17 .... 2 15 790. ...E B A Norcross 9 8,550 12 11 11 11 10 1 4 14 401. ...C B A Duluth.. 9 5;3i2 7 11 7 6 61 7 260. ...D *E D Grayson ..-- 9 8,070 8 11 8 8 44 280. ..D C A Snellville 9 6>020 10 11 8 8 8 ... 319. ...E A A Dacula 9 3,285 5 11 5 5 5 ... 189. ...E B D Centerville 6| 1,692 3 10 4 3 31 150. ...E E E Glover.... 6i 1,235 3 7 3 2 12 6 .. 119. ...E D E Oak Grove 7 942 3 7 3 3 12 1 .. 116. ..C D E Pleasant Hill ei 1,104 2 7 3 2 3 ... 1 .. 125. ...E E D Suwanee 9 1,600 4 10 3 3 12 3 .. 103. -_E C D Sweet Gum 6f 1,575 3 8 3 3 3 ... 1 .. 10. ...E C E Alcova.. 6i 747 2 7 2 2 2 ... 3 .. 79. ...E D E Bay Creek.. 6 902 2 7 2 2 2 5 .... 102. __E D D Beaver Ruin 6 1,225 2 7 2 2 2 ... 1 6 .. 70. ,.-E D E Bethesda 6J 2822 2. i 75. ...E E E Braden 7 910 2 7 2 2 _ 2. 2 98. ...E E E Duncan Creek 6J 747 3 8 2 1 1 2 .. 1 83. ...E E E Five Forks.. 6i 715 2 7 2 1 1 1 1 2 6 .. 98. ...E D E Garner 6i 814 2 7 2 2 1 1 ?. 61. __E E D Glenn 6i 812 2 7 2 2 2. 1 4 1 51. _.D D D Gravel Springs 6 455+ 2 7 2 2 111 77. ...E E E GwinnettHall 6i 805 2 7 2 2 2 ... 83. ...E E E Harmony 6 800 2 7 2 1 1 2 . . ?, 83. ...E D E Harris Academy 6J 780 2 7 2 1 1 2 ... 1 113. E Hog Mountain 6i 600 2 7 2 2 . ... 2 2 88. _.E D D Hopewell 6i .18 2 2 2 .. 2 1 77. ...E E E Ivy Creek 6J 682 2 7 2 1 1 . ... 2 ?, 72. _.E D E Jackson's Academy 6 421 17 2 1 1 1 1 ?. 50. ...E E E Lenora 6f 705 2 7 2 1 1 2 .. ?, 65. ...E D E Level Creek 6J 940 2 7 2 2 __ 2 ... 2 4 . 86. ...E D D Liberty 6 910 2 7 2 1 1 2 1 87. ...E D D Lilburn 6i 682 2 6 2 1 1 2 ... 1 5 48. ...C D D Lowery's 7 560+ 2 7 2 2 2 ... 1 64. ...E D E Luxomni 6i 812 2 7 2 2 . .. 2 ... 1 7 85. ...E D D Meadow Mechanicsville 6| ei 807 2 7 2 2 2. 930 2 7 2 1 i 2 ?, 1 5 .. 74. __E D D 85. ..E D D Midway 6i 747 2 7 2 2 _ _ 2 2 5 .... 53. ...D D D Oakland 7 907 2 7 2 1 1 2 . 1 112. -_E D E Old Field 6* 650 2 7 2 1 1 2 .. 2 47. ..E E E Ozora 6i 785 2 7 2 2 _ 2. 23 48. ,_E E E Pittman.. 6i 943 2 9 2 1 1 1 1 1 5 66. ..O E D Rocky Branch 6i 755 1 6 2 2 112 73. ._E E E Rosebud 7 2 7 2 1 1 2 ... 1 3 .. 73. ..E D E SugarHill 7 845~ 2 6 2 1 1 2 . 11 117. ..E E ~F Trinty 6J 785 2 7 2 2 112 59. _.E D D Union 6 747 2 7 2 1 i 2 ... 4. 66. ..D C C Vance's Cross Roads 6J 750 17 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 60. ..E E C Walnut Grove . 6i 443 17 2 2 112 54. ..E E D ZionHill 6i 812 2 7 2 2 2 4 .. 89. ..E C E Bermuda 6i 557 1 10 1 1 1 20. ..B D D Brown's 6i 357 1 5 1 1 1 i 34. .E E E Brushy Fork 6 325 17 1 11 2 .. 39.. .E D E Carter's 6| 330 1 6 1 "i" ... 1 1 39. _E E E Craig's 6 330 1 7 1 1 1 i 39. _.E D E McKendree 6J 17 11 _ 1 1 37. ..E D E New Prospect _. 6J 357" 1 7 1. 11 1 46. ..E D D Old Suwanee... 6 700 2 6 1*1 1 31. _.E D D Rabbit Hill _. 6J 358 1 7 1 1 -- 1 .. 1 32. __E E E Prospect 6| 357 1 7 1 1 1 37. _.E E D White Oak 6i 357 1 6 1 1 1 46. ..E E E 6+ $100,573 181 177 152 25 149 28 100 100 44 6 ,530.. ..E+D D-- *New unit-type one-story brick building being constructed. 22 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS REPORT ON GWINNETT COUNTY SURVEY. BY J. O. Martin. naturSwT^^T^ ***,? "?* SCh1S aveTa^^ one to every 6.9 square miles. Such a mulitplicity nooriv kLT 3 T^;1 l0W aVerage tendance, a high percentage of age-grade retardation, I So mTM 6qTP SCh01 bulWlngs' and a low Percentage of high school and college enrollment, to othei"^tte? ^ ytr^edteaCherSandaSl^^0f teaohersftomsoh001 t0 sch001 and Lawrericeville is in the center of the county and should be a county senior high school, but it is an Progress ' ^ ^ * ^ W TMUiB* ^ "" Sh01 to Wel1 managed and the -cords show much have ZZTIf T & ^^ ^ SCh01 f eleV6n gradeS wMch llkewise is anIndependent school. They of exceuency SUPenntendent dUring a long Period of ^ars. He has put the school on a very high plane r^r^T8011^ the+ufty M^h sch001 and has done a valuable service in teacher-training. Fifty-four them are ?* 2* teacher"tralning course. Twenty-four of these had previously taught; forty of ggooood dwworok rmk^Dnomne^sttic S,gc-iaenncde, T Ag^ ric'ul^turefantdh6inma aTe in Thrift SG avw inignsnaecttcoCuonutn^ TMs school has done I hbuJm dmSgl.6nT Beseidetshaenlaerngt+lhSuticsoanstsioclifdaactueldtyscthh0e0y1htaovtehea county. They well-organized have a beautiful one-story unit-type Parent-Teacher Association The schools of Norcross and Duluth show a high percentage of class-room efficiency borne of the small schools are doing excellent work. and nntTJr18 T T teaC*eTS of tne county organized a Traveling Library. This has been enlarged SE chooS l SuperiPnT tendent,.PTIt?istoon nemoftthheeiSrCghrea1StetshtrasUsegths.the Careful direction and efforts of the County The educational qualifications of the teachers are as follows: 1 has completed seventh grade. 4 have completed eighth grade. 8 have completed ninth grade. 19 have completed tenth grade 64 have completed eleventh grade. 22 have completed normal schools. 16 have attended normal schools one year. 26 have college degrees. 2 are junior college graduates. 15 are college under-graduates. 35 have taught in the county one year. 85 are teaching their first year in this position. 54 who have high school training are teaching their first year here. The following recommendations are made: Tnat tnIs suTMey be followed up with detailed recommendations with reference to consolidation, etc., the improvement of the present buildings that are thought to be permanent and the construction of a given number of junior high schools in the county. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 23 WALTON COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years School Years Years 1920 14,500 9,715 24,215 7,610 4,511 3,310 325 18.8 1910 15,321 10,070 25,391 7,581 4,882 3,610 385 20.2 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 4,103 2,733 6,836 49 156 205 1923 4,170 2,289 6,459 14 93 107 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal Land Corporation Polls $1,354,978 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation $3,396,765 $257,938 Age-Grade Retardation $3,870 I 641 16 385 240 2 60 38 7.3 0.3 II 398 16 186 196 3 60 37 8.9 0.9 III 405 21 164 220 5 41 54 10.2 1.2 IV 427 11 161 255 3 37 60 11.5 1.5 V 335 5 121 209 2 36 62 12.5 1.5 VI 262 11 100 151 4 38 58 13.4 1.4 VII VIII 257 8 102 147 3 40 57 14.3 1.3 236 5 84 147 2 36 62 15.5 1.5 IX 153 41 112 27 73 17.2 2.2 X 140 10 52 78 7 37 56 17.2 1.2 XI Total 114 2 47 65 1 41 58 18.2 1.2 3,368 105 1,443 1,820 3 43 54 24 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF WALTON COUNTY. BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor, April, 1924. SCHOOL fMonroe High 9 Monroe Grammar 9 Johnston Inst 9 Social Circle 9 Social Circle No. 2 _." 9 Loganville 9 Good Hope 9 Jersey ~g Walnut Grove_ Youth "". 8 7} Arnold Inst __l'_ 7 Between *~ 8 Bold Spring ."" 7 Braswell ~7 Campton '.'."'." 7 Cow Pens ~~~ 7 Double Springs ~~~~ 8 Ebenezer "7 MountainAcad '."".II" 7 Mt. Vernon _" 8 Piney Grove ...--'.'.". 7 Pleasant Valley ~" 8 Sharon "_ "" 7 Sorrell's Springs.."."I""]""""" . 7J Union 7 Walker Bennett ........... 8 Harmony ... 7 Hawkins "" 7 Ivey's Academy Malcom's ..."'.. 7 7 Mt. Carmel ~~"~ 8 Walker Harris 8 Whatley *~" 8 Windsor ~ """ 7 A. & M. Prep... 9 |5th Dis. A. & M. " 9 a a 01 a 4-> 0> 3 < > > j*oi 03 aS be a 0 O 4^ 6 W a 02 a a =*?J>cl 01 aa go "3 m $ 5,560 8 11 5 3 7 9 9 1,755 3 2. 2 5,630 11 1 77 2,925 6 4 4 4,680 11 617 3,465 11 5 .. 4 2,480 10 324 1,070 2 7 3 1 1,280 3 9 2 550 2 1 1,000 2 1 805 2 ... 2 2 595 2 ... 2 1 875 2 2 2 630 1 2 ... 2 920 2 111 805 2 111 874 2 2 .. 960 2 11 862 2 11 1,000 2 2 ... 845 2 2 .. 735 2 ... 2 805 2 11 1,000 2 2 ._ 420 1 1 420 2 1 420 1 1 420 1 1 480 1 6 1 480 3 7 1 480 1 7 1 .. 420 1 7 1 540 2 7 1 18,915 11 8 11 12 12 12 $65,101 102 . ...105 79 26 82 2 1 ... 1 2 23 53 117... _C A A 251... .B B B 108 . _B D C 3 15 190... .A A A 144... .E B '."" 173... .B B 2 144... .E B 4 ... 282... D B 3 58... _E E D 11 115... .E E D ------- 81... _E E E 84... D D D 4 76. _. _D E D 60... .D C D 111... .E E D 96... .E E D 5 88... .E E D 68... .E D D 63... .E D D 71... .E E D 96... .E D D 59... D D D 73... ,E D D 73... .E D D 71... D 2 40... D 44... _D D D 45. __ _E E D 27 . _D D D 2 .. 38... _E E D 4 ._ 41... _D D D 46... .D C D 45... _E E D 24... -E D D 10 44... .D D D 39 257... _E A A 65" 64 3,408. D--D + D+ REPORT ON WALTON COUNTY SURVEY. BY J. O. Martin. There are 86 pupils from Walton County attendintg the Monroe A and M. School The advantages obtained here are as good as can be had at any school of this kind. They are of a high type. There are 37 children from the county attending the Monroe High School. The departments of Domestic Science and Domestic Art for the girls and Manual Training for the boys indicate progress. The school is well organized. Jersey has a new unit-type building Five schools have been consolidated here. Good Hope has built a unity-type one-story building. It has done a good service in the consolidation of grades from near-by schools. The high schools at Logansville and Social Circle are well organized. The Mill school at Social Circle is one of the best schools of its kind. Walnut Grove needs a new school building, and will perhaps build one within the next term. The teachers of the county show a higher percentage of professional training than is ordinarily found. This fact is evidenced in the careful, painstaking and thorough work found in the ma] ority of the schools. The greatest need of the county is that of consolidation. The County Board and Superintendent are working out this plan. With the Monroe High and the A. and M. School serving as Senior HighSchools and with such valuable contributions as the proposed surrounding Junior High Schools, wonderful improvement will be made. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 25 TROUP COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 16-20 Per Cent Years School Years Years 1920 19,131 16,965 36,096 10,422 7,427 4,695 488 18.3 1910 10,827 15,399 26,226 7,892 4,838 4,468 481 23.3 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. 1918 1923 White 5,107 5,935 Personal Colored Total White 4,912 5,814 10,019 45 11,749 34 TAXABLE VALUE 1988. Land Corporation Colored 248 370 Total 293 404 Polls $6,603,493 SCHOOL *fLaGrange High *South West LaGrange. *Dawson Street 'HUEDaanursinwttsyLeolnalGAMrvialenl ge *West Point *Hogansville Center MountvUle... Big Springs Gray Hill Oak Grove... Pleasant Grove Pleasant Hill Tatum Harrison vhle Midway Mount Hill Pool's Mill... Salem Union Chapel.. $5,853,078 $1,714,372 RECORD OF TROUP COUNTY SURVEY. BY J. M. Starr, Supervisor, April, 1924. $4,094 g aa9at H GO a M CD soo tf 6 fc m CD O uas O ft O s d 5 a GO W P8a) tis. License ntls. 2+ Experience 8-- aa H an) CD >> ft r-1 S3 is a ao o (4 Am a o H 4* O .a 1 GO U 1 0 1 3 II M < m IT H 9 $ 26,020 16 7-11 18 18 18 8 371 O A A 9 20,210 19 9 21 21 18 3 3 33 1 591 E A A 9 12,720 11 6 12 10 2 12 9 385 D A A 9 15,900 15 7 15 15 15 6 538 B A A 9 7,590 8 6 8 8 712 291 D B A 9 9,255 9 6 10 10 555 358 D B A 9 4,020 4 4 4 3 14 2 86 E B A 9 11,460 12 11 12 12 12 2 1 60 339 A B A 9 9,380 16 11 11 11 926 393 E B A B 8 3,125 4 10 5 5 3 2 5 4 5 108....O A B 8 2,880 3 11 4 4 3 1 1 2 5 136 E O B O 8 2,280 4 10 3 3 3 2 2 2 102 O D E 8 2,080 5 9 3 3 .... 2 1 3 2 100 E A B 8 1,880 4 10 3 2 13 11 88 E B D 8 2,280 3 9 2 3 .... 3 31 65 D O B 8 2,280 3 11 3 3 2 1 3 2 1 74 B A O 8 1,360 4 9 3 3 2 1 2 5 1 66....O A O 8 600 1 8 1 1 .... 1 .... 1 4 2 38....D D D 8 600 2 8 1 1 114 35....E O D 8 400 1 5 1 1 11 13 B D D 8 600 1 6 1 1 1 .. 1 2 16 O D D 8 720 2 10 1 .... 1 1 .... 1 7 6 35....E O D 8 600 1 8 1 11 1 1. 29....E D D 8+ $138,240 148 ] L44 137 7 125 19 69 71 83 4,257__._D+D--B- 26 Grade GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF TROUP COUNTY. Continued. Age-Grade Retardation II in IV VI VII VIII IX 1 XI Total Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation 862 562 509 567 473 341 275 237 22 20 17 4 34 21 11 12 555 338 230 145 207 167 151 130 285 204 262 418 232 153 113 95 34317645 64 60 45 25 44 49 55 55 33 36 52 74 49 45 41 40 7.3 8.4 10.7 11.8 11.9 12.8 13.6 14.6 0.3 0.4 1.7 1.8 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.6 201 5 137 59 3 68 29 15.3 0.3 150 4 104 42 3 69 28 16.4 0.4 108 3 79 26 3 73 24 17.4 0.4 4,285 153 2,243 1,889 4 52 44 REPORT ON TROUP COUNTY. BY J. M. Starr. Troup County has 14 white schools and 40 negro schools, and three municipal systems: Hogansville, LaGrange, and West Point. During the past four years four spendid consolidations have been made and nice modern buildings erected. These schools have loyal, capable, enthusiastic teachers, and pupils of a wonderful school spirit which will be of inestimable value to Troup County. Other consolidations in the northern part of the county should be made, as contemplated by the school authorities. This is the only practical economical way in which the children in that part of the county may get their just quota in educational advantages. More teaching equipment is much needed in many of the county schools,--maps, globes, charts, sand tables, etc. A County Home Demonstration Agent could be of inestimable value to all of Troup County schools. The schools of LaGrange are in a prosperous condition, well organized, supervised, and well kept. West Point has a most splendid school with an unusually high percentage of the enrollment in the high school and Hogansville is doing good work,--developing into an excellent school. UNITED STATES CENSUS. LAURENS COUNTY. < Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 1910 21,004 17,956 18,601 17,544 39,605 35,500 12,523 11,187 8,252 6,333 5,371 5,713 601 724 19.0 23.3 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 1923 5,754 6,697 Personal 5,766 11,520 67 5,190 11,887 13 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation 364 431 50 63 Polls $2,647,855 $8,330,480 $892,881 $3,821 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 27 RECORD OF LAURENS COUNTY SURVEY. BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor, April, 1924. SCHOOL *fDublin High... __ 9 Calhoun Street 9 Johnson Street 9 *Saxon 9 Brewton Consolidated 9 *Rentz 8 Dudley 8 Buckhorn 8 Cedar Grove 7 New Bethel 7 Poplar Springs. 8 Bethsaida 8 *Caldwell 8 Condor Consolidated 7 *Dexter 7 Lovett. 8 Montrose 8 Nameless High _ 7 Baker 8 Blue Springs 7 Marie 7 New Salem 8 Pine Forest 7 White Springs 7 Alcorn 8 Browning _. 7 ChappellMill 7 Dorming 8 Evans 7 Grimsley 8 Harmony 8 Hurricane 7 Mullus 8 Olive Grove 8 Peace 7 Pine Grove 7 Piney Mt 8 Spivey 8 Thaggard's 7 Bay Creek 7 Berry 8 Batsan 7 Centerville 8 Excelsior 8 Lowery ............. 7 Mt. Zion 7 New Hope 7 New Tweed 7 OakDale 7 Olivet 8 Pearley 7 Rockledge _. 8 Silver Leaf ._. . 7 SpringHill 7 Wood's 7 7+ -*-> no op "C 03 --4 M 03 o .2 i P 03 I OP P.0B M H IuS fj t>> M 03 a >> +f3i a 03 M 8 w oH do 'A a H tv a 4^ 3 tf OJ rt io 03 O O O) 3aa D" 03 < PQ $18,715 13 3-11 13 13 13 3 45 279 A C A A 7,180 13 8 9 9 9 308 B B A A 6,705 8 7 8 8 8 323 A C B A 5,905 7 6 6 246 A D B A 8,109 6 11 6 1 178 C D A A 5,945 6 11 6 .... 3 114. ...C B B 4,000 6 11 16 .... 6 169 D C B A 2,736 4 9 5 44 1 158....E O D 1,869 4 10 5 12 17 167....E D D 2,023 4 10 5 14 2 2 101 O B B 2,936 4 10 5 14 114 D D E B 2,248 4 10 4 24 124 E C c B 2,456 3 10 4 23 115 E D B C 1,134 4 10 4 13 116 E B D 2,475 4 11 4 13 123 C D D 2,816 4 11 4 14 129 D D C C 3,285 4 10 4 24 112 C D B 1,876 4 11 4 231 105....E B D 1,528 3 7 3 23 96... .E D D 1,435 3 3 121 82....E D D 1,554 3 9 3 13 34E..C C C 1,808 3 9 3 23 88--.E 0 c 1,456 3 9 3 13 109_ ..C D E 1,519 3 10 3 520+ 2 7 2 21 "i" 2 96.. _.E D D 81.. __E D C 770 2 8 2 I2 41. _ ..E D D 945 10 2 I11 59__ ..D D D 1,080 82 I. 48__ ..E E D 819 72 I 59.. __E D D 880 72 I 47. _ ..D D E 880 2 2 56__ -E D D 840 2 848 o 46.. ..0 D E 59....E E D 1,048 3 50....E D C 945 2 2. 72 E C D 952 2 1 57_--E E E 896 2 1 37 E E E 880 2 2 .. 43....E E E 742 2 1 53.. __E D D 455 1 1 .. 30 E D D 480 1 1 .. 34 E E E 392 1 1 .. 35....E E E 520 1 1. 41. ...E D D 560 1 19 E E D 420 1 36....E E E 392 1 31 E D E 420 1 26....E E E 392 1 1 .. 58 D E E 420 1 1 .. 42 D E D 560 1 1 .. 35....D E E 392 1 1 .. 33 E E D 480 1 1 .. 27 C E E 420 1 1 .. 40....D E D 420 1 1 .. 51 E E E 392 1 20 E E E $95,033 165 ... 170 124 46 141 29 95 67 73 4 ,852....D- D+D+ GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF LAURENS COUNTY. Continued. Age Grade Retardation Grade II III IV VI VII VIII IX XI Total Total -.- 1,208 648 737 569 525 412 371 Number Accelerated.... 73 25 27 23 33 16 18 Number Normal 813 342 334 215 192 148 135 Number Retarded 322 281 376 331 300 248 218 ^Accelerated 6 4 3 4 6 4 5 %Nirmal 67 53 46 38 37 36 36 %Retarded 27 43 51 58 57 60 59 MedianAge.. .. 7.1 8.7 10.0 11.3 12.3 13.4 14.3 Med. Retardation 0.1 0.7 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 259 141 110 82 5,062 6 5 7 1 234 119 76 68 55 2,497 134 60 35 26 2,331 2 3 61 4 46 54 62 67 50 52 43 32 32 46 15.0 15.7 16.4 17.6 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.6 REPORT ON LAURENS COUNTY. BY J. O. Martin. In order to visit all the schools of Laurens County the County School Superintendent must travel two thousand miles or more. One man does this. There are 59 white schools and 42 colored schools, totaling 101. There are 4,853 white children enrolled, 5,190 colored'children enrolled, totaling 10,042 children. There are 170 white teachers and 61 colored teachers -totaling 231. Think of it. One man is charged with the responsibility of superintending, supervising, and managing all of these schools. This accomplishment is beyond the human powers of one person. Hence the schools will never be much better than they are now until the superintendent is given one, two, or three assistants who will aid in consolidating schools and supervising them. The present Superintendent has made notable consolidations in three communities, but this is only a small beginning as com pared with what is actually needed. The Superintendent and teachers are to be commended for the good work that they are endeavoring to do under given conditions. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 29 BROOKS COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. 1920 1910 Population White Colored 10,291 9,746 14,247 14,086 Total Children Total 24,538 23,832 6-18 Years 7,979 7,549 Attending School 5,579 4,092 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. Illiterates Over 10 Years 3,943 4,203 16-20 Years 496 508 No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. Per Cent 22.3 25.3 White 1918 3,117 1923 3,129 Personal Colored Total White 4,561 4,360 7,678 83 7,489 17 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 438 116 Total 521 133 Polls $1,941,178 $5,287,485 $673,834 RECORD OF BROOKS COUNTY SURVEY. BY Roland Bower, Supervisor, April, 1924. $2,375 SCHOOL QuitmanHigh Quitman Grammar QuitmanMill Barwick Morven Barney Dixie OakHill Palmetto SandHill Empress lone Midway Aldai... Buelah Evergreen Mt. Olifi River Bend.. Rocky Ford Union Cates Groverville Hickory Head Hunter River Hill. Spring Hill a00 o H P* Ecd 3 -1 51 tf is do 55 2 a 9 $11,895 16 7-12 8 8 8 348. AA 9 12,600 14 6 14 14 14 342. AA 9 1,125 2 5 2 2 11 96. OO 9 6,870 10 11 10 10 8 ... 3 332. ...D O A 5 4,950 9 11 9 9 ... 3 325. ...D A A 6 3,010 8 10 6 6 6 1 3 218. ...E A+A 5 2,425 6 10 6 6 42 2 1 180. ...E O O 6 1,700 4 9 4 3 1 4 5 1 125. ...E O O 5 1,550 4 8 4 2 2 4 3 129. ...D D D 5 6 1,675 4 10 4 4 1,290 3 9 3 3 4 21 ... 1 122. ...E D B 2 .... 67. -- D C D 6 1,350 3 8 3 2 1 2 1 75. ...E D O 6 1,320 3 9 3 3 3 92. E D B 5 725 2 7 2 1 1 2 50. ...C D O 5 650 2 9 2 2 2 1 .. 34. ...D D D 6 840 2 8 2 2 11 50. ...B C D 5 775 2 9 2 2 2 36. E D B 5 725 2 7 2 2 2 1 50. '.~E D D 5 800 2 8 2 1 1 2 36 ...O ... .D 6 920 2 8 2 2 2 53. --D C O 5 325 1 7 1 1 22 ...E ... .D 5 350 1 10 11 6 18 ...D E D 5 350 1 8 1 1 8 1 10 --D D B 5 225 1 7 I 11 27 ...E E E 5 300 1 7 1 1 .... 1 17 ...E E D 5 350 1 7 11 1 29 _D 5+ $59,095 106 .... 96 85 11 85 11 45 29 13 2,883 ...D--C+C 30 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS BROOKS COUNTY (Continued) Grade Total Number Acclerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age Med. Retardation Age Grade Retardation I 8i2 27 584 201 3 75 25 6.9 . II 629 11 341 277 2 54 44 8.9 09 III 538 23 263 252 4 49 47 9.9 09 IV 519 25 237 257 5 46 49 10.9 0.9 VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 521 24 187 310 4 36 60 12.4 1.4 386 15 103 268 4 27 69 14.0 2.0 346 21 101 224 6 29 65 14.3 1.3 119 74 33 25 2212 44 24 16 9 73 48 16 14 2328 37 32 49 36 61 65 49 56 15.5 16.4 16.9 17.9 1.5 1.4 0.9 0.9 4,002 153 1,909 1,940 4 48 48 REPORT OF BROOKS COUNTY. BY Roland Bower. Brooks County is situated in the Southwestern part of the State, The land is reasonably level with fairly good roads, making consolidation a possibility. Originally there were thirty-eight white schools in the county, besides the Quitman Independent bystem. Within the last two years twenty-three schools have been consolidated into eight Senior and Junoir High Schools, as follows: Morven and Barwick in the northern part of the county, 11 grades. Barney, Dixie, Palmetto, and Sandhill, 10 grades. Oak Hill, Palmetto, and Express, 9 grades. The Junior High Schools are well distributed over the county, but there is no Senior High School in the southern part of the county. Therefore, the County Board should make arrangements with the Quitman High School to take care of the high school children from these Junior High Schools Barwick, Morven and Barney have brick buildings and ample play grounds. Most of the other county schools are rather restricted in their playground area. Barney is by far the best type of building in the county. It is an ideal school building and would do credit to a much larger community. The equipment in the three large consolidated schools is good and sufficient for the work, but as a general rule the small schools are not so well equipped. As practically all of the schools were out, it was impossible to make adequate tests on achivement in the school work. With the exception of Barwick, which operates a nine months school, the school term has been cut to five and six months on account of the fact that the County Board was somewhat in debt This would make it impossible for the children to make necessary progress in their school work. The County-Board has rules affecting the licenses of teachers, requiring that they have first and second grade licenses and teach within the branches authorized by their licenses. The records show that more than 50% of the teachers have been in service for two years or more. There are forty-four negro schools in the county. Twenty-two of these are taught in school-buildings, of which twelve are above the average for the negro schools, in buildings and equipment in rural districts. One of these occupies a Rosenwald school building and the other eleven, though not well planned for school purposes are substantial frame buildings. These twelve schools are doing fairly good work All other negro schools are taught in lodge rooms or churches, and the equipment is negligible. RECOMMENDATIONS. All titles to school property should be made to the County Board of Education. All school property, titles to which are in the name of the Board, should be insured at the expense of the County Board. The County Board should make arrangements with the Quitman High School to take care of the graduates of the J nior High Schools from the southern part of the county. An active Attendance Officer should be employed in both County and City Systems. There is no Board of Health, but there should be examinations and correction of defects while children are of school age. The County Board has taken large sums from the operating funds to help certain schools with their buildings. It is doubtful whether this is good policy. In any case, this should be equitably distributed if done at all. These funds belong to all the schools proportionate to their valuations and the number of children. The consolidations should be continued as there are too many small schools. However, this will re- GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 31 quire careful planning to insure that the consolidations are self sustaining and able to function properly All local tax districts should levy the limit wherever necessary to provide at least an eight months' term. The people of Brooks County have not yet thoroughly awakened to the necessity of broader educa- tion for their children. The County Superintendent is to be commended for his earnest efforts towards progressive school development. QUITMAN Quitman has a good Public School plant, composed of three buildings for white children. The Grammar School was built in 1912, and is a substantial two story brick building, with good equipment. The High School building is a new two story brick building more modernly planned and equipped. The buildings are clean, the floors oiled and kept in good sanitary condition. The play grounds are ample, well shaded and beautifully kept. The Mill School is housed in a wooden building furnished by the mill owners. This building is a church house and therefore, does not measure up to the school house standards. The city schools proper, are organized under a corps of very capable and efficient teachers, and show evidence of considerable educational progress. The discipline and spirit of the student body are excellent, and impresses one with the idea of absolute confidence and co-operation between teachers and children. The school furnishes the children all their text books under a rental plan which is good, and this allows the Superintendent to keep the school abreast of the times by changing the text books when needed. The large number of county children in the city schools shows a pleasant co-operation between county and town. On the whole the Quitman City School System will rank as one of the best in Georgia. The Superintendent is to be commended for his excellent organization and the high standard of the work being done. More attention and consideration should be given to the Mill School The building should be repaired and shades furnished for the windows to regulate the lighting. Also, the sanitary conditions are not good. Sanitary closets are badly needed. The bad attendance shows the need of an active Attendance Officer. The colored school should be better supported in regard to salaries of some of the teaching force, and the better repair of the building. mmmmm E Georgia State School Items Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. *"~---^ Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under tfraAct of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923. Vol. 1 Atlanta, August 1, 1924 No. 19 HEALTH EDUCATION. BY Carleton B. Gibson, Savannah, Georgia. The health of a nation is its chief asset not measured in money. The wealth producing power of its healthy workers may be indicated by the market value of their products, and thus the industrial man power of a people may be expressed in terms of money. It is a simple problem of arithmetic to determine the annual wealth production of a country's healthy workers.If the average worker produces a thousand dollars of wealth annually, thirty million workers will produce thirty thousand million dollars. And if two million workers are incapacitated by lack of health, the country loses two thousand million dollars annually. This approximates the money value to the world of American sickness, most of which is preventable and, therefore, useless waste. Useless waste is a reflection upon any people or community or family. But a nation's greatness is not measured by its monetary wealth alone, nor do riches constitute a state. The character of its manhood and womanhood is vastly more important than the sum total of its wealth. Upon the happiness and contentment, the adaptation to environment, the joy of living, the righteous civic and religious relationships of its healthy human beings hinge the permanency and progress of an intelligent people. Particularly is this true of a democracy where the government is of the people and by the people. A sickly people will make a sickly government, and conversely a weak government will not properly care for the health of its people, whether it be the government of a large unit or of a small unit, whether it be the government of a nation or a state or a city or a county. The real efficiency rank of nations and states and municipalities is determined by their conservation and promotion and development of the health of all the people. Though the results may not be so readily discovered and measured, money wisely and effectively expended in promoting universal buoyant stable health will bring larger results than equal sums spent on other governmental undertakings. Health is the mainspring of a state's development, and highways and transportation and industries and education will follow with more intelligent and liberal direction and support. Fundamental to the health work of a government, large or small, is the health education of the young, most of whom are collected for a large part of training periods in public schools, Good health in maternity, in infancy, In nursery days, and in kindergarten years should be safeguarded and promoted by government, local and otherwise, in the interest of the government, which is of and for all the people. President Wilbur, of Stanford University, said last year : ' 'The future of the world depends upon the average morality of the world child. Experience shows us that this morality depends largely upon bodily health, and that where we have the wholesome reactions of the growing period, a high general tone can be maintained. If I had the problem of elevating the general moral and mental tone of a backward community I would seek the services of a public health worker even before those of the average teacher. Health education must go forward hand in hand with that of the mind. No program of world peace nor of the world education can hope to succeed until we can fit the human being in any given part of the world into his environment and give him the opportunity for normal bodily development there." Health education has long been neglected, or at best has been attempted by scrappy, disj ointed, unrelated efforts in many parts of the country where a large part of the human family is concerned. Only in recent years has the Public Health Service of the nation begun to function even in its modest way. The states are beginning to organize their health departments. Georgia expends annually through its health[board the munificent sum of three cents per capita for the health of its people.Twenty or thirty timesthat sum would be a small expenditure, and not sufficient to bring back annually in vigor and happiness and productivity ten times the amount expended. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS The American Public Health Association has a standing committee on school health education concerned with (1) health protection through sanitation of school plants, physical and mental tests, and control of communicable disease; (2) correction of defects in special classes, free clinics, and follow-up nurse sen ice; and (3) health promotion through hygienic arrangement of daily program, physical activities and health instruction for teachers, pupils and parents. Nutrition clinics in many large cities have shown the value of proper feeding of children and its realtion to child health. Valuable work has been carried on throughout America by the National Congress of Mothers and Parent-Teacher Associations in promoting child health and in encouraging right health habits especiall > of pre-school children. Health Education is a comprehensive term and involves all the activities of these organizations and all the health work done in the schools under the head of physical training, directed play, athletics, nutrition, medical inspection and nurse service, dental clinics, mental and physical hygiene, eye tests, and special classes. Conpetent directors of health education are rare. Special teachers or other persons trained for any one of these activities, and only for one, would be apt to be one-sided in laying out and carrying through a sound program of health education. The term health for so long applied to the physical condition of the child, is now coming to be recognized as comprising other elements, and the combination of a healthy body and healthy mind, or the personality of the child, is now the unit of consideration. After all the physical care provided for in ideal circumstances has been applied, after all attempts at re-classification and change of environment have been affected, after all the mentally retarded and feeble minded have been cared for, there still remains the problem children in special classes--whom the teacher knows only too well; the undisciplined, the "lazy," the truant, the timid and over-conscientious, the selfassertive and "hard headed," the lying and stealing child, the bright child who won't work, all the various other mal-adjusted children of the average classroom. The teacher has probably done her utmost for them, given them every possible chance and is now at her wits end It is here that Mental Hygiene, the modern method of "applied psychology," comes to her aid, in considering their traits as "the outward and evident signs of inner difficulties." No longer are the traits exhibited by the child the subj ect for treatment, but the why of the traits, the reason for the mal-adj ustment is sought, and a re-direction or more hygienic development of the trend is brought about. In this connection Miss Jessie Taft, speaking of the development of the mental hygiene point of view, says: Until we can have in our schools a trained person who can study the individual child at the time of life when he first shows the difficulties, which may later develop into serious handicaps, we will continue to fail completely in many cases and partially fail in many more. We know that these difficulties, left unadjusted at the childhood stage develops into the vast army of the insane, the delinquents, the criminals, the paupers, the nervous breakdowns, the eccentrics, the suicides, and the misfits of life. Mental Hygiene has mapped out a definite preventive program "and the facts call loudly for action." The essential spirit of health and happiness is mental, and the most practical way to increase the mental health of the nation is through the school system, and the application of education to the developing personality. (Inserted for the Mental Hygiene Group of Savannah.) The matter of control or supervision of school health has been made a subj ect of investigation by the Bureau of Education It is found that 39 states have school health laws. In some of these states the adminstration or control of school health is entirely in the hands of the educational authorities. In others it is a joint control of education and health authorities. In six states the administration is in the hands of health authorities. In three of these six states, however, the local school systems recognize in health administration only the educational authorities. Georgia is listed as a state in which the entire state and local control is in the hands of health boards. The great majority of states have health work directed by educational authorities. Georgia has an unusually good health law in what is known as the Ellis Law. Where this law is administered by thoroughly competent, broad-visioned, fair-minded, capable administrators it seems to be an ideal administration of health education, but these conditions are not easily met. If the health of children collected in the schools is really to be safeguarded and promoted it seems to me there must be joint authority of health experts and educational experts. It is one of the many varied duties of the school superintendent to study the question in its larger aspect, provide for facilities as far as funds at his command will go, and with the assistance of health authorities select and employ capable persons and see that effective health education is given at least to the children of the community. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 3 Of 1,595 cities with 2,500 inhabitants or more, 1,117 or 70 per cent reported supervision by physicians or nurses, or both. The return shows a wide variation in the prevalence of school health supervision. In three states, Massachusetts, New York and New Jersey, 100 per cent of the cities employed physicians or nurses, or both; only 10 per cent of the cities of South Carolina had such service. For the forty-eight states the median was found to be 51 per cent. While in all states there was found to be some cities with health supervision, the state laws have wide range of requirements. In Massachussetts, New York and New Jersey the laws are mandatory. South Carolina and New Mexico have no laws on the subj ect. In many places the only health supervision given was that given by teachers chiefly in making examination of sight and hearing. The cost of health supervision has been found in this investigation to be least where it was done under the administration of health authorities, and the number of pupils per physician was much larger under such administration than it was found to be under administration of education or joint authority. The conditions as to health education in rural districts were found to be much worse than in the cities. Only 31 per cent of county units or district schools replying to inqury reported any service by physician or nurse as compared with cities. Employing physicians and nurses is less than one-half as frequent in the rural areas. In such units43 per cent report administrative control by health authorities, 39 percent by school authorities, 13 per cent by voluntary organizations and four per cent did not specify the type of administration. The health work done in rural areas was also found to be largely carried on by voluntary organizations and was in a primitive stage of evolution. In our state we have a foundation of good health education in the Ellis Health Law. We need the education of the public as to the value of applying such a law, and we also need adequate funds and information on the part of the school authorities. CERTIFICATION The Department employed a committee of 15 persons to work under the direction of E. A. Pound, Director Division of Certification, during the past two months. Since the lithographs have been received, certificates have been issued at the rate of 1, 000 a week plus a life time certificate to every one entitled to same. The Commercial High School Plant has been used through the kindness of City Board of Education. On account of the opening of the school, this Committee has transferred its activities to the Senate Chamber. When it is realized that a record on each application has to be copied four times, that thousands of letters have to be sent out in order to complete the records and that thousands of high school and college record blanks have to be transmitted and filed with the application, that hundreds of letters more have to be sent in response to inquiries, something of the immensity of the task may be surmised. It will be two or three weeks more before the great number of applications are finally disposed of. Every application and they came in daily--has to be inspected, graded and records made before the certificate is finally sent out. Some of the graduates of a few normal schools and colleges seem to be under the impression t hat the only thing necessary to secure a state certificate is to have their schools file their names with this department. This letter is to correct such an impression. In order to secure a certificate, each individual should file an application and send it with one dollar to the State Department of Education. If you desire a certificate and have not yet sent an application, if you will kindly fill out the enclosed blank and send to this department as directed above, it will be our pleasure to send you a certificate at the earliest possible moment. Further inquiries as to certificates should be addressed to E. A. Pound, Director Division of Certification, State Capitol. INDIVIDUAL RECORD BOOK FOR HIGH SCHOOL PUPILS. BY J. S. Stewart. The State Board approved a few years ago, a loose leaf record book for high schools. It consists of a permanent binder, and index and 100 sheets for the record of 100 pupils for four years. These record books should be the property of the board. They should be turned over to the principal at the opening of the school and returned to the County Superintendent in County schools at the close of the school year, with all the records complete for the year before the last salary payment is made. Pupils in the county Junior High Schools and the Senior High Schools should have the same kind of records kept. The transfer from the smaller high schools to the central school could then be made on the pupil's record. 4 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS If any school doing high school work would keep the prescribed records, much would be accomplished towards systematizing the secondary work in the state. An accredited school must keep permanent records. So must the smaller schools if they wish recognition at the central schools. The McGregor Company, Athens, Ga., is authorized to furnish these record books complete at $5.00 each, delivered free for cash. Start the school year right by furnishing each of the high schools with the permanent records. ARRESTED GROWTH OF TEACHERS. BY J. O. Martin Supervisor. One of the outstanding problems that confront the child life, in Georgia, today is that of the arrested growth of a large percentage of the school teachers. The recent school survey shows for 93 counties, whose figures have been tabulated, that 373 or 3j% of the white teachers, have not studied beyond the seventh grade. It further shows that 700 or 6j% have completed only the eighth grade. That 928 or 8J% have finished ninth grade, is also apalling. 1324 or 114% have had tenth grade training only. These percentages total 3325 teachers or 30% whi ch is an average of 37 teachers to each county These percentages will hold true in the remaining counties whose figures have not been compiled from the survey. The normal Age-Grade Classification of School children shows the following: A child 12 years of age in seventh grade. A child 13 years_of age in eighth grade. A child 14 years of age in ninth grade. A child 15 years of age in tenth grade. A parent would hardly think of sending his child to school to one of of these children, and yet we have this astounding number of teachers attempting to teach children when they, themselves, have no more scholastic training than children of the aforesaid ages have. And, to add insult to injury, these teachers, as a rule, teach the most important grades--those of the one-teacher schools and the primary grades of the two and three-teacher schools. Here we find the greatest percentage of children enrolled. To be plain, they teach where too many people still think that just anybody knows enough to teach the "Little Fellows." When, as a matter of fact, the best trained teachers should be placed in charge of these grades. It is useless for people to talk about getting "better teachers." There are none to get, except where Peter is robbed to pay Paul. We can only get better teachers by training those in service. This invokes the question: "How can that be done."? It is admitted to be a difficult problem. Many of these persons have been teaching a number of years and are more or less "set." Many of them have personal obligations and responsibilities that make it difficult for them to spare the time in which to complete their high school training. Then, too, they do not care to study in classes with children. Others, of the group have "flunked" out of high school and have no ambition to "go on.' However, for various reasons, many of these teachers have been denied this privilege which they cherish highly and would welcome the opportunity to pursue higher training, if it were presented to them. It can be solved in part in the following way: First, there are now 275 accredited high schools in the state(and the state pays as a bonus to the County High Schools, more than $100,000.00 for development and maintenance.) There is at least one of these schools within daily reach of practically every teacher numbered in this group. The County School Superintendent and the principals of these high schools could get in touch with these persons and offer to enroll and classify them as students. They could pursue their studies until their respective schools open--if they found it necessary to teach during the winter. During the time in which they are teaching, home-study work could be carried on as directed by the principal of the high school, and the student-teacher could report for reports and examinations at stated times. After their schools "are out" for the term the teachers could return to the high school and complete the grade. This course could be followed until the eleventh grade is completed. (This plan has the approval of the State School Superintendent and of Dr. Stewart, of the accrediting Committee, and Mr. E. A. Pound, High School Inspector.) The Grayson High School, under the superintending of Prof. L. F. Herring has already graduated twenty-four teachers in this way. The Emanuel County Institute at Graymont-Summit, Professor Ernest Anderson, Supt. has also graduated several persons in like manner--See his report in this issue GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 5 The high schools could do this work without any additional expense. These persons enter school with less hesitancy and work with less embarrassment where they are grouped with others of similar experiences. In this manner the gap between them and the children, who may be in the same classes is bridged. Second, there are many high school plants with dormitory facilities in different sections of the state. These could be readily adapted to the grouping of these persons. This is especially true with the ten district A. & M. schools. In fact, several of the principals of these schools have already expressed a willingness and a desire to give immediate aid in this cause. It is shown that approximately 200,000 children are under the instruction of the aforesaid teachers. The greatest amount of age-grade retardation is found in the schools taught by them. The smallest percentage of children attending high school is found in those communities whose schools are taught by these teaches. Hence we see that if a renewal of high school growth could be brought about on the part of the teacher that it will find a hearty response and reaction in the daily work of the children and a lengthening of their ambition to seek higher training, all of which will tend toward a betterment of life in the communities affected. THE JULY TEACHERS' INSTITUTES. During the month of July, 1300 teachers received instruction at the thirteen district Institutes conducted under the direction of the State Department of Education. The Institutes were held at the twelve A. & M. Schools with their respective principals in charge and at Ellijay High School, with Prof. W. P. Martin, Superintendent of the Gainesville Public Schools, in charge. A faculty of 65 persons divided among the schools gave specific instruction in Primary work, Elementary Reading, Arithmetic, English Grammar, and Geography. Each one of these instructors was selected because he or she had taught that particular subject successfully. In addition there were twenty-five Itinerant Instructors, including the State Supervisors and Superintendents of schools, who gave lectures on other subjects particularly Health, at each school. In this, the state Board of Health, the Georgia State College for Women, the State College of Agriculture, the State University, the State Normal School, the American Red Cross, the Georgia Sunday School Association and the Raoul Foundation, participated. The following publishing companies also sent instructors to teach their texts, which appear on the state adopted list: The Wheeler Publishing Co., The Johnson Publishing Co., The Laner-Bloser Co., and The Iroquois Publishing Co. sent representatives to teach. The State Board of Health also furnished a corps of persons with the Healthmobile, who examined the teachers and children at six of the institutes. The great majority of the teachers who attended these institutes have never completed the high school grades. They were given the fundamentals in text-book subject matter. Persons of such limited scholarship are at a loss in an attempt to study in the regular college summer schools. Therefore, these institutes filled a need of long standing. They will also enable the colleges to guide their Curricula to meet the requirements of those students who seek college training. Perhaps, instruction in the high school subjects will be offered as an additional course in the institutes next year. Credit would be given for work done which could be used toward obtaining a high school diploma from accredited high schools. During the coming school term, every teacher in the state who has not completed the high school courses should be encouraged to attend one of these institutes next year. We would, of course, not discourage others who might wish to attend. 6 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS CONTINUATION STUDY IN THE GRAYMONT-SUMMIT SCHOOL. Note. The following letter to Supervisor J. O. Martin, is in reply to one that was written Superintendent Ernest Anderson, of the Emanuel County Institute, of Graymont-Summit. From the letter it will be seen that Mr. Anderson, like Mr. Herring, of the Grayson School, has been doing for several years, the kind of work that is now being urged to be done by all of the high schools of the state for the benefit of those teachers in service in the surrounding communities, who have not completed the high school course. This, of course, is done without detriment to the work that necessarily must be done for those children of school age. My Dear Sir, Your recent letter relative to the need of continuation schools, or at least the continuation idea expressed in the schools we already have, was duly received and greatly appreciated. I have served in my present capacity six years. The records here show that six years ago the student body was made up of children of school age, which was all that was generally expected. They also show that altogether during the past six years we have enrolled and taught in our high school thirty-seven students beyond school age ranging from nineteen to fifty-two. Of these nineteen graduated from high school, eleven of them receiving the State teachers' provisional license. The above enumeration does not include about twenty of high school age who had stopped school for some cause or other and were reinlisted. Now, as to the causes for even this much interest in the cause of education on the part of more or less mature folks, I can not say postively in every case. To each individual case there is a story, and in connection with some very interesting stories. I believe that the lessons from the World War have helped to influence the students either directly, or indirectly through the teachers and perhaps parents. Second, the teacher-training course we began to offer in 1921 certainly had a great influence in bringing mature people into the school. Some who had finished high school when only ten grades were offered came back to finish the eleventh, after this Teacher-Training opportunity was provided. Third, athletics helped to hold some boys over eighteen, who otherwise would have stopped. Fourth, military tactics attracted some few boys of the younger set who seemed to have lost interest in school. Sixth, the home economics course was desired by some of the older ones among the girls. Seventh, Vocational Agriculture has enrolled in its courses most of the older boys. Eighth, and most important of all, perhaps, was the personal work of teachers in suggesting to prospective students the educational opportunities being offered, and the personal invitation to, "Come and See." Then some few not counted above came to take music and expression in the school from our special teachers of these courses. In the past two years we have had 25 students in our Twelfth grade, ages 17 to 22.; most of them, however, being of the regularly expected ages. Now, in order that I may more definitely answer your points in this study let me give you a few of the personal stories: A--A graduate of Swainsboro High School, came here for special training for the Coast Guard School at New London, Conn. We got him in, and he graduates there as First Lieutenant this week. B--Took post graduate work here as preparation for the Coast Guard School mentioned above. He is there now. O--Took post graduate work in preparation for West Point, He passed the entrance examination all right. D.--Graduate of Garfield, and returned World War veteran, who was gassed, being offered cash bonus or education, chose the latter and so graduated here at the age of 24. He entered Georgia School of Technology and has been passed to the Junior class there. He was married when in our school. His wife was a college graduate. E.--Graduated here in 1922 at the age of 24. Her husband had also been gassed in the war, and she wanted to prepare to teach. She had finished Millen High School some years ago when they ofered only ten grades. She made a splendid record with us, and has been doing well as teacher in an Emanuel County rural school. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS F.--Had stopped school in the ninth grade, and had not been to school in three years when I came here in 1918. He was working at a soda fount in a small drug store. I asked him about coming to school and finishing up. He said he knew he ought to but since all his associates were gone, it would be too embarrassing. I tried to correct his erroneous attitude. I thought I saw possibilities in him. Later one day he asked me if it would be possible for him to get into Dental College. I told him that I would look up his record and do my best for him. He had about nine high school credits, and I recommended that he be given credit in science on account of his experience of two years in drug store, and asked the Atlanta Dental College to give him a trial. He was then 21. They did and he made good. He was there two years, when his father got sick and he returned. By the last of October bis father was well, but he did not have the money. He said he could not go back. Then he asked me if it would be possible for him to earn a high school diploma in a year, if he did not get to go back to college I told him that it were possible and that I would certainly give him the chance, and be very glad to have him. He graduated from high school at 24, and made the best speech that any student has ever written himself, and delivered in my school. The next fall he went back to Atlanta and began to try to help pay expenses by reporting for the Journal. He has now adopted journalism as his profession, and is getting $65 per week as associate editor of the Montgomery Advertiser. G.--Graduated from the tenth grade in the early days of Emanuel County Institute about 1905. Last year at the age of 34, she entered our eleventh grade and took the teacher-training course as one of her units. She won the highest scholarship in the class of 47 graduates. During the past year she was honored and honored us by teaching very satisfactorily our sixth grade. H.--Age 22, graduated here last year including in his work the teacher-training course. He taught as principle of a large consolidated school in Long County this past year. I.--Primitive Baptist preacher, and rural or village school teacher of twenty-five years' experience, doing about six months of his work by correspondence and the rest of the time in class room study was able to finish his high school education and receive a diploma at our commencement last May. He was taught to read at the age of 22 by Prof. W. R. Aldred, who is now Principal of our high school. He has attended several summer schools and plans to take our twelfth grade this winter. J.--Our regular second grade teacher, took the teacher-training course this past year. Her age is 26. K.--Age 42, after teaching several years, spent practically all of year before last in our seventh grade. She has been teaching this year. L.--Age 21, took our business course, and is now getting a good salary in the employ of an Electric Co. in Atlanta. M.--After being out of school three years entered at 19 in the fall of 1922, N.--After stopping about two years was induced by my own persuasion to come back to school and graduate. She won honors as reader, caught new inspiration in life, studied hard, was graduated with honorable mention, worked for two years in the Bank of Graymont, and is a real leader in church work and civic and social affairs. O.--A young lady of 20 came here from Clinch county to take out teacher training course in 1922. She could not even enter our eighth grade, so we planned an elementary review course for her, and allowed her to take the normal work with the eleventh grade. She did good work in it, and was a fine student in the seventh grade. She was not recommended, of course, for the certificate. She is teaching, and I hear she is doing all right. p.--An Emanuel County teacher of some years experience, age 22, took our eighth grade and teacher-training last year. He taught this year. Q. -Age 51, took our commercial course last year. She has grown children. She had two in this school one 17. R.--Age 32, was a member of our eighth grade this past year. She was interested in the bookkeeping course. S.--There were nine in the graduating class who were 19 to 21 at graduation. Most of these live in the country, came on trucks, and are really indebted for their high schoool education to CONSOLIDATION. There are many beneficiaries of consolidation here who are coming up regularly in practically normal ages, many of whom would never have seen high school without consolidation. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS late, ^tsT^T SCh01 ^ *" ^^ ** ^ ^ ^ n0t Cmpleted a ' but ma>' d U.-.32. V.-31. W.-20. X.-20. Y.- 21. Z.-23. A. 20.- B.-19 . C-20 Are students who have not completed a course. Five of these have advanced as far as the tenth or eleventh grade main s^creTn^Tn V T\\7 ^ I **** ****** ^ m&tteT WMe W1'iting and am Persuaded that the 2Tt ? w V , lWe haVe tned t0 Pr0Vide fr them the training that y can immediately ?w 1 ^' a f o TM ^, cI yearS ln' tWyearS French' higher mathematics, five sclences.'etc. I observe ' ,U"tudents wh0 take the fu!1 c,^sical course are the younger students, those of normal age for high school, who are not old enough to exercise, or to be allowed to exercise, the power of choice of a mature person. On the whole the mature students take some vocational work. it t,, lhadTrVer,mfde a'StUdy f tMS matter Particularly before, and I am grateful to you for suggesting it to me. If my deductions are not correct, you may be able to arrive at it more nearly by drawing your rrIkeCthelUS1nS frm *** S6Veral StrleS ^^ WMCh ^ tIU &S nearIy aS my knowledge and belief can PRvinmttmi!116 three principal factors are: CONSOLIDATION, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, VH Y siOIAL EDUCATION, supplemented by a bit of educational enthusiasm radiating from several persons cannot^otheyVo11 ^ Cnnecti0n' neglect to mention our fine P. T. A. that does things. What others And then we had an illiteracy campaign. Six years ago we enrolled 355 students all told last yeat 625. Six years ago we graduated 11; last year Slx yfars ag0 we had 11 teachers; last year 20. Six years ago we had no over-age students; since then we have had two score. I am deliberately wearing you out prolonging the meditation about to arrive at the decision that the chief educational stimulus that has caused it all centers about the process of consolidation-the noise, the novelty, the truck, the interest, the fight against it, the enlargement, the talk the opportunities. I will thank you for any criticism of our methods, and I shall await your letter of comment with interes t m the belief that you are a real friend to our program. Yours very truly, Ernest Anderson. Georgia State School Items -2l^o> 9* Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education ** N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools. Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the post office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for In Section 1103, Aet of October 3,1917, authorized October 5, 1923. Vol. 1 Atlanta, September, 1, 1924 No. 21 THE TRAINING OF TEACHERS. BY J. O. Martin, Supervisor. It was shown in a former issue of the items how the accredited high schools and the ten district A.& M. schools of the State could accommodate the 30% of the Georgia Teachers, who have not completed high school. There these teachers who are inclined to seek the training could be enabled to obtain diplomas from high school. However, another question arises--What can be done for the 5300 (or 27%) high school graduates and the 2900 (or 15+) College and normal under-graduates who are now teaching (as shown by the State-wide survey)? Also, where will the majority of the 8,000 June graduates of high schools find college or normal school accommodations? A recent questionaire sent to the colleges shows that they enrolled their full capacity during the past year. There were only 11,441 enrolled, and it is estimated that at least 3,500 applicants were refused admittance on account of lack of accommodations. The total number of persons graduated from the State Normal schools this year was 713. The estimated number of graduates who will teach, from all other higher institutions is 282, totaling 995. This number is less than one-third of the vacancies to be filled at the beginning of the term. Hence two-thirds of the vacancies will be filled by immature untrained children who will enter the profession as teachers. Many of them will know little more than the children whom they teach. It is worth-while to note that the Bowden State Normal and the Statesboro Normal are arranging their courses of study in order that the teachers in service can take work during their fall and spring vacations and complete definite units of study in terms of six and twelve weeks. It is to be hoped that correspondence courses will be offered to such students for home study credit while they are teaching. Such opportunities would enable teachers to resume and complete their college or normal work which otherwise they would not do. This plan, together with the work that is being done during the summer terms by the University of Georgia and other educational institutions in the State, will, in a measure enable the maj ority of teachers who are professionally prepared and desire to seek further training to do so. However, there is an appalling lack of adequacy on the part of the state educational institutions to accommodate all the persons who wish to attend. The local communities build, equip and maintain adequate schools for the children through the high school and it only seems right that the State should build, equip and maintain sufficient institutions to enable the graduates to prepare themselves to teach if they are to receive the State's money for doing what the State employes them to do. It seems unwise and unbusiness like for the State to refuse the training of an adequate number of teachers for her schools. There are many children in the State who have never been taught by a trained teacher. The parents of these children pay their proporti onate share of the expense with which the Teacher-Training Institutions of the State are maintained and yet they have never had any teachers who have come from those institutions. There are many communities in Georgia that have spent more through bond issues for their local school plants than the State has spent on The Normal State School, to say nothing of the limited amount spent on the other institutions. Each year these institutions spend much time-- and their representatives spend money in begging the State for appropriations. This seems foolish. As was suggested in my recent report to the State School Superintendent a survey of the needs of the State educational institutions should be made together with the cost of additions and improvements and then let the Legislature use this as a basis upon which to arrive at something definite. In the inevitable State Bond issue for public roads, it will be timely and practicable to include a sufficient sum for the State University and its Branches in order to make them adequate for their respective purposes. Then no one would be denied admittance and all communities would share alike in the advantages of the institutions. GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS CALHOUN COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 1910 3,205 2,973 7,020 8,361 10,225 11,334 3,233 3,443 2,400 1,874 2,252 3,244 275 394 29.6 40.4 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White 1918 1,008 1923 1,023 Personal Colored Total White 2,452 3,460 10 2,229 3,252 12 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation Colored 517 211 Total 527 223 Polls $586,930 $1,754,235 $288,178 $1,980 RECORD FO CALHOUN COUNTY. SCHOOL Edison High Arlington Morgan Dickey . Jonesville Leavy Manry Turman Cordray Grade Total... Number Accelerated.. Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded Median Age.. Med. Retardation o 7 a to >> ffl tf 03 M dW do o a U dMd > oJ Sen OS do +a Oi Ea go 13 Ft. Gaines Bulffton Mt. Gilead *Mt. Vernon Oakland Wesley Chapel 9 $6,465 8 11 7 9 3,410 4 11 5 1,400 3 9 3 525 17 1 594 980~ 2 10 2 6 11 5 2 3 1 4 111 9 226 10 142 60 18 2 10 160 1 37 BBB CCC ECC BCD CCC CDD $12,780+ 23 22 21 1 20 2 4 2 30 643 C C C- *Consolidated with Wesley Chapel Aug., 1924. REPORT ON CLAY COUNTY SURVEY. Clay county has only 6 white schools; 2 of these have eleven grades, 1 has ten, 2 have nine and 1 has seven. There is a total of 22 teachers in the entire county with an average of 29 pupils to the teacher. Since the survey was made, Mt. Vernon school has been consolidated with Wesley Chapel. Eighty -two per cent, of the children are enrolled in the Bluffton, Fort Gaines and Oakland Schools. It is shown that there are in the entire county 107 children enrolled in the first grade and 18 in the eleventh grade. It is also shown that 80% of the entire enrollment is in the first seven grades of the schools and we find 20% in the high school grades. There are 30 students from the following schools attending college: Bluffton 10; Fort Gaines 9; Oakland 10; Wesley Chapel 1. There are high school advantages within easy reach of all the 'children of Clay County and with the nine months' term and well trained teachers, this system approaches the ideal of an equaleducational opportunity for all. LOWNDES COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Attending Over 10 Years School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 1910 12,968 13,535 11,481 12,955 26,521 24,436 7,906 6.079 5,962 4,093 2,535 2,930 231 340 12.7 16.6 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 3,588 1923 3,992 4,623 4,160 8,211 12 8,152 7 81 33 93 40 Personal $2,916,363 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS RECORD OF LOWNDES COUNTY. TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Land Corporation $9,000,515 $2,022,565 Polls $2,984 Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal _> %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation Age Grade Retardation I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 733 424 477 404 376 341 262 2C6 87 53 30 21 18 17 18 15 19 12 7 2 15 495 234 227 176 157 149 94 85 38 31 19 217 172 233 210 204 173 156 114 47 21 6 3434454321 16 _ 67 55 47 41 42 43 36 41 44 58 64 30 41 50 55 4 52 60 56 54 41 20 7.2 8.7 9.9 11.1 12.1 13.3 14.3 15.2 16.1 16.6 17.4 .2 .7 .9 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 .6 .4 RECORD OF LOWNDES COUNTY. BY M. L. Strong, Supervisor, June 1924. SCHOOL fValdosta High *Valdosta Junior High. *Central Grammar *Adair Street Clyattville Hahira Barretts Bethany Dasher Lake Park Naylor OldRedland Shiloh King's Chapel Pine Grove Remerton Anticoh Corinth Passmore Salem Blanton Glenn Knight's Academy Melrose Wisenbaker Total for Valdosta Schools. d OS i-- >> 03 03 M B-cd oo , 0S 6D Pis aS CO 03 CO fc> OS m 9 $12,100 *54 *11 8 8 .9 7,145 77 9 11,820 13 13 9 8,695 99 7 3,780 8 10 8 8 9 5,520 8 11 8 8 7 2,415 5 10 5 5 7 1,855 4 9 4 4 8 1,855 4 10 4 4 7 2,205 4 10 4 4 7 2,135 3 9 4 4 7 1,400 3 10 4 4 7 2,310 4 8 4 4 7 1,155 2 8 3 3 7 1,400 3 9 3 3 7 1,120 3 7 3 3 61 8C5 2 7 2 2 7 910 2 10 2 2 7 805 2 7 2 2 7 805 2 6 2 2 7 455 1 7 1 .7 420 2 7 1 .7 420 2 7 1 _7 350 1 7 1 7 420 1 7 1 $72,300 120 104 104 8 .. 5 7 12 9 6 5 324 4 4 4 1 312 4 3 4 2 4 2 3 1 3 2 21 2 11 11 2 1 .... 93 11 49 *122_ 229 E C B 316 C B C 161 E D D 173 E D O 120 130 C D Dc co 143 E c c 99 C C D 154 E C D 133 E D D 108 D C D 92 E D C 37 D D D 59....E D D 98 E D D 68....E I O D 23 D ' D D 39 E B 26 E A 24__._E D D 42 E D D 3396 E+ O- C- GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS REPORT ON LOWNDES COUNTY SURVEY. Lowndes County has 21 white schools, 12 of these are attempting high school work. There are 5 oneteacher schools, 4 two-teacher, 3 three-teacher, 6 two-teacher, 1 that has five and 2 that have eight teachers. It is plainly evident that their greatest need is that of consolidation of schools. Also, they need to consolidate the high school grades of the county. Certain schools should be designated as and equipped for Junior high school work and the senior high school work should be confined to three schools in the entire county. In the matter of teacher-training, the county has the advantage of the presence of the Georgia State Women's College, located at Valdosta. This offers a home opportunity to those young women of the county who would seek to enter the profession of teaching in the county, and with the establishment there, of the proposed Wpodrow Wilson College for men an almost similar opportunity would be offered to men. Therefore, the educational outlook for the county is bright. L^HHMMHLMH ^t^L^L^L^HHLi GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS Population CLARKE COUNTY UNITED STATES CENSUS. Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 13,914 12,191 26,105 7,074 5,178 2,850 193 13.9 1910 11,502 11,767 23,269 4,962 3,445 3,513 275 20.0 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. | Illiterates Over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 3,263 3,672 6,890 10 188 198 1923 3,975 3,712 7,687 34 123 157 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal $5,218,670 Land $13,747,530 Corporation $1,179,522 Polls $3,496 RECORD OF CLARKE COUNTY. BY H. B. Ritchie, S. N. S. SCHOOL Athens High 9 Barrow 9 Chase St 9 Childs St 9 College Ave 9 Oconee 9 Winterville 9 Princeton . .... 9 Whitehall 9 Fowlers 9 Hinton-Brown 9 Holly Heights 9 Oconee Heights 9 Tuckston _. 9 Belmont ___ 9 Centerville 9 Edwards 9 Lampkin 9 State Normal Rural 9 9 d e aao m 08 M at VB Mr- a os CO +3 tC>IS* CO aii do is m $36,400'''27 4"26 26 __ 21 5 10 185 625_ _. f A 8,360 ' 7 7 7 7 .___ 7 2 .... 234. ..A A 9,430 7 7 7 7 ____ 7 3 .... 235. -D t 13,030 12 7 12 12 12 3 .... 352. __B A 14,600 12 7 13 13 13 343. -D t 11,470 .... 7 11 11 10 1 336. --E f 6,990 11 11 10 10 10 190. _C B B 2,016 3 7 3 3 2 81. .E B B 2,016 3 3 2 61. _E B B 1,368 2 2 66. .._D B C 1,368 3 2 38. D B--B 1,368 2 2 28. __C C O 1,368 2 2 35 36. __A B- -C 1,350 2 2 12 50. __C1 O B- 540 1 1 26. _.E B D 720 2 1 28. _C! O O 513 1 _. 1 20. ...El* C C 720 1 1 2 22. -Bj; c O 720 1 1 10 47. __A' A A $114,347 99 107 106 1 94 13 30 54 200 2818. ..C--B C+ f-Information not given. Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal %Retarded MedianAge Med. Retardation GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS Age-Grade Retardation II III IV VI VII VIII IX XI Total 595 410 310 377 247 250 202 1 13 15 25 23 15 14 413 230 143 176 136 127 103 181 167 152 176 88 108 85 0356966 70 56 46 47 55 50 50 30 41 49 47 36 44 44 27 0 12 15 44 56 13 2 5 6 16 39 45 16 12 2 H" 8 52 16 69~~ 68 31 16 2,459 110 1,364 985 4 55 41 6.2 7.6 8.9 9.8 10.3 11.7 12.7 15.0 14.8 15.2 17 0 _ x.O ADDITIONAL INFORMATION. 1. Athens has a progressive Parent-Teacher association organized for pre-school work as well as regular P. T. A. activities. 2. Health inspection and active follow-up work are insured by careful examinations made by the health officer and the Child Welfare Work (American Child Health Association Demonstration), which is being carried on in this city. 3. Night schools are provided to decrease illiteracy. At present there are two schools for white adults, and two for negroes. The white schools provide for three types: (a) adult illiterates, who are given the fundamentals of elementary education; (b) groups of mental defectives who are cared for in school instead of allowed to spend their time in undesirable places; (c) groups of ambitious students who work in the day and go on with high school work at night. The two white schools are located in the centers of the two mill sections of Athens. The negro night schools are very efficient in providing training suited to the needs of their students. Two hundred-fifty adults ranging from sixteen to sixty attend the Night Trade School. In this school there are classes in carpentry, brick-laying, cooking, sewing and nursing. The carpentry and brick-laying class furnished most of the labor for the construction of the modern colored school which has just been completed. From the class in nursing, Athens employs competent nurses for the sick room. Maids and cooks trained in these schools command higher wages because of increased efficiency. ^^91 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS MUSCOGEE COUNTY. UNITED STATES CENSUS. Population Total Children Illiterates White Colored Total 6-18 Years Attending Over 10 School Years 16-20 Years Per Cent 1920 27,940 16,251 44,191 11,127 8,770 4,101 375 1910 19,472 16,747 36,219 9,472 5,867 4,841 360 11.7 17.2 STATE SCHOOL CENSUS. No. Children 6-18 Yrs. Illiterates over 10 Yrs. White Colored Total White Colored Total 1918 6,335 4,290 10,625 53 238 1923 8,447 5,517 13,964 63 158 291 221 TAXABLE VALUE 1923. Personal Land Corporation Polls $19,458,250 $18,775,270 $3,509,847 $1,719 RECORD OF MUSCOGEE COUNTY SURVEY. SCHOOL tColumbus High (Industrial High East Highlands Mcllhenny North Highlands Rose Hill Waverly Terrace Sixteenth St Tenth St Linwood Seventh Street Bibb City Wynnton CityView Midland Double Churches Midway Nankepoat a ft <& a 03 M & .2 03 . 033 6D ID 3 &o a u 3 03 P 03 pq 9 28,300 17 9 23,600 12 9 13,325 13 9 14,550 13 9 13,100 12 9 13,925 12 9 13,525 11 9 12,175 13 9 12,900 10 -- - 9 9,200 8 9 9,800 8 9 9,153 13 9 8,685 17 9 5,625 7 9 3,367 4 9 1,575 2 9 3,267 4 9 1,575 2 9 $197,647 178 4 19 19 4 12 12 7 11 11 7 11 11 7 11 11 7 11 11 7 11 11 799 7 10 10 688 788 7 13 13 7 11 11 777 744 722 744 722 64 64 18 1 6 11 1 0 10 1 1 10 1 2 11 1 11 2 11 9 1 10 71 2 8 1 67 5 11 3 61 2 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 _. 151 13 33 175 675 A A A -_ 380 B A A .- 497 B B+ A 473____D A A .. 436 E A A 368 B B+ A 493A--A A A 372 O B A 359 A B A 306 B B+ A 10 249 C B A 608 O A A 525 A A A 273..--C B+ B 147 B A A 70 A A B 153._,_B A B 80 B A B 175 6,464.__B--A-- A- 10 GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS Grade Total Number Accelerated Number Normal Number Retarded %Accelerated %Normal _. %Retarded_ _ Med. Retardation Med. Retardation . MUSCOGEE COUNTY. Age-Grade Retardation I II m IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Total 970 8 765 197 1 79 20 5.9 862 5 632 225 1 74 25 7.3 839 7 493 339 1 59 40 8.5 824 6 487 331 1 59 40 9.8 678 11 462 205 2 68 30 10.2 540 7 363 170 1 67 32 11.3 389 13 266 110 3 69 28 12.3 403 370 33 92 8 12.9 310 279 31 90 10 13.8 178 152 26 85 15 14.7 161 155 6 96 4 15.5 6,154 57 4,424 1,673 72 27 REPORT ON SURVEY OF MUSCOGEE COUNTY. BY Willis A. Sutton, Supt. of Schools, Atlanta, Ga. The City of Columbus has a pardonable pride in the excellent school system which hasbeen evolved through a long period of years. The Columbus School System is exceedingly fortunate in that it has had only a few Superintendents and each of these has served through a long period of years, giving a continuity of policy that has resulted in an excellent school system. It has been more fortunate in that the men who have guided its destines have been men of unusual breadth of vision, and of splendid ability to achieve The continued development of any school system demands that the head of the school system shall have the opportunity of a long period of service. SCHOOL GROUNDS. Nothingis more necessary to a school system than adequate school grounds. Play, physical training Athletics and all outdoor activities are as essential to the modern school plan as a good house well lighted' and well ventilated. Columbus is fotunate in the selection of its school sites. The location of the buildings on the school lots is in accord with good school policy. The size of the lots, however, is too small. Each pupil should have at least 200 square feet of playground. Many of the Columbus schools would average far less The vacant lots and open spaces of Columbus make up in some manner for this defect, but it should be the policy of the Board of Education to buy lots adjacent to the present school buildings until at least a minimum of 200 square feet per child is attained. Few school systems in the State as completely and adequately house the children as Columbus Many of the buildings are old and need renovation and repair, but taken as a whole, the school buildings of Columbus are meeting the needs of the city better than any other city within my knowledge in the State. Many of the school systems of the state can find excellent model in one-story school buildings in Columbus. Many of the school buildings contain much wood and combustible material. Fireproof construction should be the policy of the future. Great congestion was noted in the high schools and since this survey was made, a bond issue has been voted to relieve this condition. The Tenth Street School building, one of the oldest in Columbus, is in need of repairs. The building is too valuable to be destroyed. The Wynnton School, belonging to the Muscogee County System possesses almost an ideal condition as far as the seating of her children is concerned. There are no triple sessions or short sessions either for white or colored people in the City of Columbus. There are no crowded rooms. It is to be regretted that class rooms so well seated are almost perfectly bare when it comes to equipment necessary to do effective teaching. This is especially true of the Columbus High School. The equipment in Science is meagre and much of it is obsolete. Too little chance is given for individual laboratory work. In the Industrial High School, the equipment in textiles and home economics is exceptionally good, but limited in quantity. The grammar school equipment falls far short of the minimum required for effective teaching. Columbus is to be congratulated upon passing the recent bond issue to provide for a new high school plant for the classical and scientific course. It is the recommendation of this survey that the mm GEORGIA STATE SCHOOL ITEMS 11 Industrial high school be greatly enlarged as to plant, and as to the number and variety of courses offered. A closer study of the situation might reveal that it would be best to combine the commercial courses with the Oolumbus High School proper and convert the industrial high school into a great technical high school. The number and variety of industries in Columbus would seem to warrant a larger technical school. A casual survey impresses one that many boys from excellent families are now attending' the classical high school whose aptitudes and talents would indicate that they should attend a technical high school. This is an opportune time for Oolumbus to carefully study her high school situation. The organization and administration of schools in Oolumbus is far above the average in our southern cities. The Board of Education of the Oity of Columbus is made up of men and women of the highest character and intellectual ability. It is representative of the best thought of the entire city. The co-operation between the city government and the Board of Education is all that could be desired. The spirit existing among the members of the Board, the administrators, supervisors and teachers is one of mutual helpfulness and understanding. Many members of the Board seem to know and to recognize the entire teaching staff. The loyalty and devotion of the teachers to the superintendent and to the Board of Education made it a pleasure to visit the schools of Columbus. The excellent work being done by the Parent-Teacher Association should receive the support of the city and deserves the highest commendation. More supervisors are needed. Most effective teaching can only result from most effective super- vision. The Principals of all schools having as many as eight or ten teachers should be relieved of all classroom work. The present staff of supervisors is doing excellent work, but additional supervisors would weld the system into greater unity of purpose. The course of study of the Columbus Schools is carefully planned but needs revision in order to adapt it to the individual child, to the life of the community, and to the life of the State. It is recommended that a strong committee be appointed by the superintendent to make a careful study of the needs of the city and to provide a course of study which will combine the social program with the individual training. The health work being accomplished by the schools of Columbus gives this system an A I rating among the schools of the state. Special attention is being given to diseases of childhood and adolescence, and all preventative measures are being taken to insure the health of the children. Dental clinics have been instituted and are doing good work. A special feature of the Columbus schools is the direct connection of public libraries with the school system of the city. Excellent work is being done but the collection of books should be enlarged. In rewriting the courses of study, a large use of the library is suggested. The extra-curricula activities of the schools of Columbus should receive more attention from the supervisors, principals and teachers. Co-operating agencies, such as the Boy Scouts, the Girl Scouts, Associated Charities, Anti-Tuberculosis and kindred organizations can become very helpful without interfering with the regular school activities. Inter-Scholastic athletics between the classical high school and the industrial high school would create much interest. The quality of teaching being done in Columbus schools is exceptionally good. Practically all of the teachers have had professional training. A large number of them should continue to take training while in service. The Board of Education should add an annual increment to the salaries of those teachers who earn as many as three credits by extension work, or by summer school courses. The salary scale for teachers of the elementary and high schools is far below the average of the cities the size of Columbus throughout the United States. The best teachers cannot be retained at the present salary schedule. Special attention should be called to the schools for colored people in Columbus. Few cities in the South are giving such excellent advantages to the negroes. Negro kindergartens are held for all who apply. The Industrial High School provides splendid training for negroes both male and female. Thousands have graduated from the negro industrial high school, and have gone out into the world to be of great service. Not a single graduate has ever been arrested or convicted of any crime. The elementary schools for colored people are well built, and furnished comfortably. School cost in Columbus compared with other cities of its size is low. More money must be provided for adequate supervision and sufficient equipment to be given to the excellent teaching force. School books are rented to the children of Columbus at a nominal fee. The system seems to work well and be staisfactory. It is an excellent step toward free textbooks. The cordiality with which the surveyors were greeted, and the freedom accorded them demonstrated that the school system is well organized and is ready for inspection. The hospitality extended to those making the survey sustained the reputation of the City of Columbus. Every facility for reaching the schools, and for meeting the people of Columbus was provided. The Board of Education, the Superintendent of schools, the supervisors, the principals and teachers gave every assistance possible to those undertaking the survey. '# wmmmimmmiummL^^ 0-4 3oo w, / e-.i ssiims&mmvcxx UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA LIBRARIES 3 ElDfl D533T MDm