Environmental justice identification & proposed outreach report, Statewide Transportation Improvement Program, FY 2018-2021

Environmental Justice Identification and Proposed Outreach Report
GDOT Statewide Transportation Improvement Program (STIP)
FY 2018-2021

Environmental Justice Identification and Proposed Outreach Report
Contents 1.0 Introduction......................................................................................................... 1 2.0 Purpose.................................................................................................................. 2 3.0 Methodology ........................................................................................................ 4 4.0 STIP Area Results ............................................................................................... 8 5.0 STIP District Area Maps ................................................................................. 14
5.1 District 1 .......................................................................................................... 15 5.2 District 2 .......................................................................................................... 21 5.3 District 3 .......................................................................................................... 28 5.4 District 4 .......................................................................................................... 35 5.5 District 5 .......................................................................................................... 41 5.6 District 6 .......................................................................................................... 48 6.0 Focus and Findings .......................................................................................... 54 6.1 Minority Findings ......................................................................................... 55 6.2 Hispanic Findings ......................................................................................... 55 6.3 Low-income Findings .................................................................................. 55 6.4 Elderly Findings ............................................................................................ 55 6.5 LEP Findings ................................................................................................... 55 7.0 Public Outreach Strategy ............................................................................... 55 8.0 Sources of Information...................................................................................71 8.1 Reports and Studies ..................................................................................... 71 8.2 Internet Sites .................................................................................................. 71
Tables
Table 1: Environmental Justice Thresholds ................................................................................................................. 7 Table 2: Environmental Justice Class Breaks ............................................................................................................... 7 Table 3: District 1 Outreach Strategies.........................................................................................................................58
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Table 4: District 2 Outreach Strategies.........................................................................................................................60 Table 5: District 3 Outreach Strategies.........................................................................................................................62 Table 6: District 4 Outreach Strategies.........................................................................................................................65 Table 7: District 5 Outreach Strategies.........................................................................................................................67 Table 8: District 6 Outreach Strategies.........................................................................................................................69
Figures
Figure 1: GDOT District Map ............................................................................................................................................... 3 Figure 2: Georgia Counties STIP Rural Study Area Map ...................................................................................... 5 Figure 3: STIP Area Minority EJ Population ................................................................................................................. 9 Figure 4: STIP Area Hispanic EJ Population ...............................................................................................................10 Figure 5: STIP Area Low-income EJ Population........................................................................................................11 Figure 6: STIP Area Elderly EJ Population ..................................................................................................................12 Figure 7: STIP Area LEP EJ Population .........................................................................................................................13 Figure 8: District 1 ................................................................................................................................................................15 Figure 9: District 1 Minority EJ Population.................................................................................................................16 Figure 10: District 1 Hispanic EJ Population..............................................................................................................17 Figure 11: District 1 Low-income EJ Population ......................................................................................................18 Figure 12: District 1 Elderly EJ Population.................................................................................................................19 Figure 13: District 1 LEP EJ Population........................................................................................................................20 Figure 14: District 2..............................................................................................................................................................22 Figure 15: District 2 Minority EJ Population..............................................................................................................23 Figure 16: District 2 Hispanic EJ Population..............................................................................................................24 Figure 17: District 2 Low-income EJ Population ......................................................................................................25 Figure 18: District 2 Elderly EJ Population.................................................................................................................26 Figure 19: District 2 LEP EJ Population........................................................................................................................27 Figure 20: District 3..............................................................................................................................................................29 Figure 21: District 3 Minority EJ Population..............................................................................................................30 Figure 22: District 3 Hispanic EJ Population..............................................................................................................31 Figure 23: District 3 Low-income EJ Population ......................................................................................................32 Figure 24: District 3 Elderly EJ Population.................................................................................................................33 Figure 25: District 3 LEP EJ Population........................................................................................................................34 Figure 26: District 4..............................................................................................................................................................35 Figure 27: District 4 Minority EJ Population..............................................................................................................36 Figure 28: District 4 Hispanic EJ Population..............................................................................................................37 Figure 29: District 4 Low-income EJ Population ......................................................................................................38 Figure 30: District 4 Elderly EJ Population.................................................................................................................39 Figure 31: District 4 LEP EJ Population........................................................................................................................40 Figure 32: District 5..............................................................................................................................................................41 Figure 33: District 5 Minority EJ Population..............................................................................................................42 Figure 34: District 5 Hispanic EJ Population..............................................................................................................44
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Environmental Justice Identification and Proposed Outreach Report Figure 35: District 5 Low-income EJ Population ......................................................................................................45 Figure 36: District 5 Elderly EJ Population.................................................................................................................46 Figure 37: District 5 LEP EJ Population........................................................................................................................47 Figure 38: District 6..............................................................................................................................................................48 Figure 39: District 6 Minority EJ Population..............................................................................................................49 Figure 40: District 6 Hispanic EJ Population..............................................................................................................50 Figure 41: District 6 Low-income EJ Population ......................................................................................................51 Figure 42: District 6 Elderly EJ Population.................................................................................................................52 Figure 43: District 6 LEP EJ Population........................................................................................................................53 Figure 44: Summary of Census Tracts that Exceed STIP EJ Thresholds, by District .................................54
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1.0 Introduction
Since 1970, the Federal-Aid Highway Program has required full consideration of possible adverse social, economic, and environmental effects during project planning, development, and decision-making. Federal policies and laws that play a role in federal highway decision making include the following:
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA). Intermodal Surface Transportation and Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA). Environmental Justice (EJ) Executive Order 12898 signed in 1994. Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21) signed in 1998. Limited English Proficiency (LEP) Executive Order 13166 signed in 2000. Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act of 2005: A Legacy for Users
(SAFETEA-LU). EPA Memorandum of Understanding on Environmental Justice (2011). The Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act of 2012 (MAP-21). The Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act of 2015 (FAST Act).
Per federal law, STIPs must involve early and continuous public involvement and outreach; all peoples must be included in disregard of race, color and natural origin. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination on these accounts. In addition, President Clinton signed Environmental Justice (EJ) Executive Order 12898 in 1994, which defines EJ as the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people, regardless of race, ethnicity, or income in transportation decision making. The Executive Order mandates that "each federal agency identify and address disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects of its programs, policies, and activities on minority and/or low income populations." This was followed by the signing of Executive Order 13166, Limited English Proficiency (LEP) in 2000. It mandates that "each federal agency shall examine the services it provides and develop and implement a system by which LEP persons can meaningfully access those services". To further ensure efforts in EJ outreach, a Memorandum of Understanding on Environmental Justice and Executive Order 12898 was signed on August 4, 2011.
The STIP identifies federally funded transportation projects such as highway, maintenance, bicycle, and pedestrian projects. The Georgia STIP includes transportation projects for rural areas that were developed as part of the Georgia Department of Transportation's (GDOT's) ongoing planning process.
Minority and low-income identification and outreach is required as part of the STIP. According to FHWA Order 6640.23A, minority is defined as a person who is Hispanic, African American, Asian American, American Indian, or Alaskan Native. It further defines a person having low-income as a person whose household income is at or below the US Department of Health and Human Services poverty guidelines. By focusing on minority and low-income, or traditionally underserved populations, federal agencies can ensure that federal actions are inclusive for all people. In addition to low-income and minority populations, elderly and disabled persons should also be considered in public involvement and outreach. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) encourages the involvement of people with disabilities in the
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development and improvement of transportation and paratransit plans and services. This report details the efforts made to identify EJ populations within the STIP area and the strategies used to target these populations through the public involvement process.
2.0 Purpose
Public outreach and involvement is extremely important for states to effectively integrate environmental justice concerns into transportation decision-making. During the STIP planning stage and prior to the project development stage, efforts must be made to identify EJ populations within each GDOT District (see Figure 1) and include these populations in a meaningful public outreach strategy. EJ populations can be identified using the following sources: (1) U.S. Census Bureau Data, (2) American Community Survey Data, and (3) data collected from local government planning departments and DOT transportation staff. Section 3 discusses the methodology for identifying the EJ populations for the GDOT rural counties. This document serves as the Environmental Justice Identification and Proposed Outreach Report included in the Georgia STIP for the rural counties within the state. To better guide the environmental justice outreach program, an analysis of racial, ethnic, income, and age demographics for each STIP county was conducted. In addition, English proficiency demographics were evaluated to identify populations with limited English proficiency to determine the need for Spanish speaking interpreters at Open House meetings or for handout materials to be made available in Spanish. Information contained in this report is used to identify characteristics and locations of EJ populations in the Georgia STIP area. In addition, this document outlines outreach strategies specific to EJ populations in rural areas of Georgia to ensure equal involvement of all peoples in the statewide planning process. This document includes the following: (1) methodology used to determine the EJ threshold for minorities, Hispanic, low-income, elderly and limited English proficiency groups; (2) identification of EJ communities that are above the EJ threshold; (3) information on public outreach strategies and best practices; and (4) identification of local EJ organizations and resources for disseminating information to EJ populations.
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Figure 1: GDOT District Map
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3.0 Methodology
This section describes the methodology employed in defining and identifying environmental justice populations in the GDOT STIP area. The rural STIP area consists of the 130 counties in Georgia that are the responsibility of the GDOT and not under the authority of the 29 counties included in the state's Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) areas. Since the Environmental Justice Identification and Proposed Outreach Report for FY 2015-2018 was published, no counties have moved from one district to another and no counties have been added to an MPO. For the purpose of this report, counties not fully lying within the boundary of a MPO were considered rural. This means that if any portion of a county is not included in a MPO area, then the entire county is considered a STIP county. Additionally, in this report, non-STIP counties do not have projects listed in the STIP. Figure 2 illustrates the counties included in the rural STIP area. Counties shaded in green are STIP counties. Counties shaded in gray are entirely under the authority of an MPO and are not included in this report.
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Figure 2: Georgia Counties STIP Rural Study Area Map
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Minority, Hispanic, low-income, elderly, and limited English proficiency (LEP) populations were analyzed in the rural STIP area; definitions of these variables are included below:
Minority: All persons other than non-Hispanic White population. Hispanic: All persons of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other
Spanish culture or origin regardless of race. Low-income: Individuals with total income being at or below the poverty threshold. Elderly: Individuals 65 years of age or greater. Limited English Proficiency (LEP): Individuals greater than 5 years of age and speaking English "not
well." LEP population includes people speaking Spanish, Asian and Endo European languages. However, as Spanish speaking population formed predominantly the largest portion of LEP population, only Spanish speaking population was selected for specific outreach.
While the definition of minority population does consider Hispanic populations, this analysis also considers Hispanic populations separately to assess where additional outreach might be required. In addition, LEP data was analyzed to determine locations of above STIP-wide average concentrations of individuals "not speaking English well"; these data were used to determine meeting locations where a Spanish interpreter and/or outreach materials translated into Spanish would be appropriate.
Upon selecting these variables for study, minority, Hispanic, elderly, LEP populations and populations below poverty threshold data for each of the 690 Census tracts in the 130 counties in the STIP study area were collected from the American Community Survey 2011-2015 5-year estimates (ACS) on the American Fact Finder website (http://factfinder2.census.gov).
Total population, total Hispanic population, minority population, total population age 65 and above, and total population greater than 5 years of age speaking English "not well" (LEP) was taken from the ACS 2011-2015 estimate data. Each variable was calculated as a percentage of the total population of each census tract. ACS 2011-2015 data also included total low income population. However, total population for which income characteristics were determined was used to estimate the percentage of population with income below poverty threshold. The percentages of each variable for every census tract included within the STIP study area were then averaged to yield the average percent for each EJ variable across the entire STIP study area. This percentage was used as the threshold above which a census tract level population was considered an "EJ population." Where a census tract's percentage on a variable met or exceeded the expected STIP-wide percentage, the census tract was identified as an EJ community. In other words, these tracts had a larger-than-average percentage of minority, Hispanic, low-income, LEP, or elderly residents. Throughout this report, the terms "EJ community" or "EJ population" refer to a group that is above the STIP-wide threshold. See Table 1 for the EJ thresholds based on STIP-wide population characteristics.
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Table 1: Environmental Justice Thresholds

Minority

STIP Wide Percentages

31.69%

Source: US Census Bureau

Hispanic 5.63%

African American
23.29%

Lowincome
20.95%

Elderly (65+)
14.72%

LEP 2.73%

Additionally, the STIP area census tracts with values higher than the calculated threshold were stratified into classes between I and IV (Class I being the values closest to the threshold and Class IV being the highest values). The Classes were calculated so that all classes for an EJ category would include roughly the same number of census tracts, while considering variation in data values. See Table 2 for the class breaks for each class of each variable, and the number of tracts falling in each class of each variable.
Table 2: Environmental Justice Class Breaks

Variable
Minority Hispanic Low-income Elderly
LEP

Census Tracts 309
221 335
366
215

Class I
31.7%-40.0% (80 tracts)
5.6%-7.3% (58 tracts) 20.9%-23.8% (72 tracts) 14.72%-16.09% (93 tracts) 2.7%-3.6% (55 tracts)

Class II
40.1%-48.0% (71 tracts) 7.4%-9.7% (51 tracts)
23.9%-27.8% (90 tracts)
16.10%-17.70% (93 tracts) 3.7%-5.0% (59 tracts)

Class III
48.1-59.2% (77 tracts) 9.8%-14.2% (58 tracts) 27.9%-33.6% (85 tracts) 17.71%-20.60% (88 tracts) 5.1%-7.1% (48 tracts)

Class IV
59.3%-97.6% (81 tracts)
14.3%-38.8% (54 tracts)
33.7%-81.3% (88 tracts)
20.61%-48.59% (92 tracts) 7.2%-27.3% (53 tracts)

Source: American Community Survey 2011-2015 estimates

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4.0 STIP Area Results
The following STIP Area Maps present the overall results for each variable (Minority, Hispanic, Lowincome, Elderly, and LEP) calculated for the study area to generate both the State and District Maps. District Maps can be found in Section 5. As mentioned previously, the STIP area census tracts with values higher than the calculated STIP-wide threshold were stratified into classes between I and IV (Class I being the values closest to the threshold and Class IV being the highest values). The locations of census tracts with values higher than the calculated STIP-wide threshold are indicated and the intensity of population (Class I to IV) is illustrated. STIP area maps are presented in Figure 3 through Figure 7.
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Figure 3: STIP Area Minority EJ Population
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Figure 4: STIP Area Hispanic EJ Population
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Figure 5: STIP Area Low-income EJ Population
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Figure 6: STIP Area Elderly EJ Population
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Figure 7: STIP Area LEP EJ Population
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5.0 STIP District Area Maps
This section presents the results of the EJ analysis at the GDOT District level. As mentioned previously, the STIP area census tracts with values higher than the calculated STIP-wide threshold were stratified into classes between I and IV (Class I being the values closest to the threshold and Class IV being the highest values). The locations of census tracts with values higher than the calculated STIP-wide threshold are indicated and the intensity of population (Class I to IV) is illustrated.
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Environmental Justice Identification and Proposed Outreach Report 5.1 District 1 District 1 is in northeastern Georgia and consists of 21 counties. It begins directly northeast of the Atlanta metro area and stretches to the North Carolina and South Carolina borders. The study area consists of 17 counties, and thus does not include the 4 counties in District 1 that are under the authority of the MPOs. District 1 contains 114 census tracts of which 15 are over the Minority EJ threshold, 48 are over the Hispanic EJ threshold, 63 are over the Elderly EJ threshold, 26 are over the low-income EJ threshold and 48 are over the LEP EJ threshold and. Figure 8, below, is a map of the counties located in District 1.
Figure 8: District 1
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5.1.1 Minority EJ Population
Figure 9 is a map of the Minority EJ population located in District 1. Within District 1, 13 percent of the tracts have a minority population above the minority EJ threshold. The analysis shows zero Class IV tracts, 6 Class III tracts, 2 Class II tracts, and 7 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 9.
Figure 9: District 1 Minority EJ Population
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5.1.2 Hispanic EJ Population
Figure 10 is a map of the Hispanic EJ population located in District 1. Within District 1, 42 percent of the tracts have a Hispanic population above the Hispanic EJ threshold. The analysis shows 5 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Barrow, Habersham and Jackson. The analysis also shows 16 Class III tracts, 14 Class II tracts and 13 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 10.
Figure 10: District 1 Hispanic EJ Population
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5.1.3 Low-income EJ Population
Figure 11 is a map of the Low-income EJ population located in District 1. Within District 1, 23 percent of the tracts have a low-income population above the low-income EJ threshold. The analysis shows 2 Class IV tracts located in Rabun and Walton Counties. The analysis also shows 7 Class III tracts, 6 Class II tracts, and 11 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 11.
Figure 11: District 1 Low-income EJ Population
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5.1.4 Elderly EJ Population
Figure 12 is a map of the Elderly EJ population located in District 1. Within District 1, 55 percent of the tracts have an elderly population above the elderly EJ threshold. The analysis shows 24 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Dawson, Elbert, Habersham, Hart, Jackson, Rabun, Stephens, Towns, Union and White. The analysis also shows 15 Class III tracts, 10 Class II tracts, and 14 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 12.
Figure 12: District 1 Elderly EJ Population
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5.1.5 LEP EJ Population
Figure 13 is a map of the LEP EJ population located in District 1. Within District 1, 42 percent of the tracts have an LEP population above the LEP EJ threshold. The analysis shows 8 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Barrow, Habersham, and Rabun. The analysis also shows 17 Class III tracts, 16 Class II tracts, and 7 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 13.
Figure 13: District 1 LEP EJ Population
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Environmental Justice Identification and Proposed Outreach Report 5.2 District 2 District 2 consists of 27 counties to the southeast of the Atlanta metro area, stretching to the South Carolina border. One county in District 2 is under the purview of a metropolitan planning organization and therefore not included in the rural STIP study area, leaving 26 counties in this assessment. District 2 contains 136 census tracts of which 82 are over the minority EJ threshold, 31 are over the Hispanic EJ threshold, 79 are over the Elderly EJ threshold, 69 tracts are above the low-income EJ threshold and 40 tracts are above the LEP EJ threshold. Figure 14, below, is a map of the counties located in District 2.
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Figure 14: District 2
5.2.1 Minority EJ Population
Figure 15 is a map of the minority EJ population located in District 2. Within District 2, 60 percent of the tracts have a minority population above the minority EJ threshold. The analysis shows 24 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Baldwin, Bleckley, Burke, Greene, Hancock, Jefferson, Laurens, McDuffie, Newton, Putnam, Taliaferro, Warren, Washington and Wilkes. The analysis also shows 21 Class III tracts, 13 Class II tracts, and 24 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 15.
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Figure 15: District 2 Minority EJ Population
5.2.2 Hispanic EJ Population
Figure 16 is a map of the Hispanic EJ population located in District 2. Within District 2, 23 percent of the tracts have a Hispanic population above the Hispanic EJ threshold. The analysis shows 3 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Columbia, Green, and Wilkes. The analysis also shows 8 Class III tracts, 8 Class II tracts, and 12 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 16.
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Figure 16: District 2 Hispanic EJ Population
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5.2.3 Low-income EJ Population
Figure 17 is a map of the low-income EJ population located in District 2. Within District 2, 51 percent of the tracts have a low-income population above the minority EJ threshold. The analysis shows 20 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Baldwin, Bleckley, Burke, Emmanuel, Greene, Hancock, Jefferson, Jenkins, Laurens, Newton, McDuffie, Warren, and Wilkes. The analysis also shows 21 Class III tracts, 14 Class II tracts, and 14 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 17.
Figure 17: District 2 Low-income EJ Population
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5.2.4 Elderly EJ Population
Figure 18 is a map of the minority EJ population located in District 2. Within District 2, 59 percent of the tracts have an elderly population above the elderly EJ threshold. The analysis shows 20 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Burke, Columbia, Dodge, Greene, Hancock, Laurens, Lincoln, Oglethorpe, Putnam, Taliaferro, Warren, Washington, Wilkes, and Wilkinson. The analysis also shows 22 Class III tracts, 22 Class II tracts, and 15 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 18.
Figure 18: District 2 Elderly EJ Population
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5.2.5 LEP EJ Population
Figure 19 is a map of the LEP EJ population located in District 2. Within District 2, 29 percent of the tracts have a LEP population above the LEP EJ threshold. The analysis shows 8 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Columbia, Emmanuel, Greene, Putnam, and Wilkes. The analysis also shows 6 Class III tracts, 8 Class II tracts, and 18 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 19.
Figure 19: District 2 LEP EJ Population
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Environmental Justice Identification and Proposed Outreach Report 5.3 District 3 District 3 consists of 31 counties and is located to the southwest of the Atlanta metro area. Seven counties in District 3 are under the purview of a metropolitan planning organization and therefore not included in the rural STIP study area, leaving 24 in this assessment. District 3 contains 109 census tracts of which 66 are over the Minority EJ threshold, 22 are over the Hispanic EJ threshold, 60 are over the Elderly EJ threshold, 50 tracts are above the low-income EJ threshold and 23 tracts are above the LEP EJ threshold. Figure 20, below, is a map of the counties located in District 3.
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Figure 20: District 3
5.3.1 Minority EJ Population
Figure 21 is a map of the minority EJ population located in District 3. Within District 3, 61 percent of the tracts have a minority population above the minority EJ threshold. The analysis shows 23 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Dooly, Macon, Marion, Peach, Spalding, Stewart, Sumter, Talbot, Troup, and Webster. The analysis also shows 19 Class III tracts, 15 Class II tracts, and 9 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 21.
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Figure 21: District 3 Minority EJ Population
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5.3.2 Hispanic EJ Population
Figure 22 is a map of the Hispanic EJ population located in District 3. Within District 3, 20 percent of the tracts have a Hispanic population above the Hispanic EJ threshold. The analysis shows 3 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Peach and Stewart. The analysis also shows 4 Class III tracts, 6 Class II tracts, and 9 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 22.
Figure 22: District 3 Hispanic EJ Population
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5.3.3 Low-income EJ Population
Figure 23 is a map of the low-income EJ population located in District 3. Within District 3, 46 percent of the tracts have a low-income population above the low-income EJ threshold. The analysis shows 15 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Peach, Macon, Spalding, Sumter, Stewart, Taylor, Troup, and Upson. The analysis also shows 13 Class III tracts, 16 Class II tracts, and 6 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 23.
Figure 23: District 3 Low-income EJ Population
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5.3.4 Elderly EJ Population
Figure 24 is a map of the elderly EJ population located in District 3. Within District 3, 55 percent of the tracts have an elderly population above the elderly EJ threshold. The analysis shows 14 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Harris, Meriwether, Pulaski, Spalding, Stewart, Sumter, Talbot, Taylor, Troup, Twiggs, Upson, and Webster. The analysis also shows 15 Class III tracts, 15 Class II tracts, and 16 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 24.
Figure 24: District 3 Elderly EJ Population
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5.3.5 LEP EJ Population
Figure 25 is a map of the LEP EJ population located in District 3. Within District 3, 21 percent of the tracts have a LEP population above the LEP EJ threshold. The analysis shows 4 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Peach, Stewart, and Troup. The analysis also shows 4 Class III tracts, 9 Class II tracts, and 6 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 25.
Figure 25: District 3 LEP EJ Population
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Environmental Justice Identification and Proposed Outreach Report 5.4 District 4 District 4 consists of 30 counties and is in the southwestern corner of Georgia. Two counties in District 4 are under the purview of a metropolitan planning organization and therefore not included in the rural STIP study area, leaving 28 counties in this assessment. District 4 contains 131 census tracts of which 83 are over the Minority EJ threshold, 50 are over the Hispanic EJ threshold, 74 are over the Elderly EJ threshold, 95 tracts are above the low-income EJ threshold and 40 tracts are above the LEP EJ threshold. Figure 26, below, is a map of the counties located in District 4.
Figure 26: District 4
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5.4.1 Minority EJ Population
Figure 27 is a map of the minority EJ population located in District 4. Within District 4, 63 percent of the tracts have a minority population above the minority EJ threshold. The analysis shows 30 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Baker, Ben Hill, Brooks, Calhoun, Clay, Coffee, Colquitt, Crisp, Decatur, Early, Grady, Mitchell, Randolph, Terrell, Thomas, Tift, Turner, and Worth. The analysis also shows 18 Class III tracts, 15 Class II tracts, and 20 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 27.
Figure 27: District 4 Minority EJ Population
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5.4.2 Hispanic EJ Population
Figure 28 is a map of the Hispanic EJ population located in District 4. Within District 4, 38 percent of the tracts have a Hispanic population above the Hispanic EJ threshold. The analysis shows 19 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Atkinson, Ben Hill, Coffee, Colquitt, Decatur, Echols, Grady, and Tift. The analysis also shows 13 Class III tracts, 8 Class II tracts, and 10 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 28.
Figure 28: District 4 Hispanic EJ Population
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5.4.3 Low-income EJ Population
Figure 29 is a map of the low-income EJ population located in District 4. Within District 4, 73 percent of the tracts have a low-income population above the low-income EJ threshold. The analysis shows 31 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Atkinson, Ben Hill, Berrien, Calhoun, Clay, Coffee, Colquitt, Cook, Crisp, Decatur, Echols, Grady, Mitchell, Miller, Terrell, Thomas, and Tift. The analysis also shows 25 Class III tracts, 25 Class II tracts, and 14 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 29.
Figure 29: District 4 Low-income EJ Population
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5.4.4 Elderly EJ Population
Figure 30 is a map of the elderly EJ population located in District 4. Within District 4, 56 percent of the tracts have an elderly population above the elderly EJ threshold. The analysis shows 18 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Baker, Ben Hill, Berrien, Brooks, Coffee, Decatur, Early, Grady, Miller, Quitman, Seminole, Terrell, Thomas, Tift, and Wilcox. The analysis also shows 15 Class III tracts, 23 Class II tracts, and 18 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 30.
Figure 30: District 4 Elderly EJ Population
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5.4.5 LEP EJ Population
Figure 31 is a map of the LEP EJ population located in District 4. Within District 4, 31 percent of the tracts have a LEP population above the LEP EJ threshold. The analysis shows 15 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Atkinson, Colquitt, Echols, Grady, and Tift. The analysis also shows 6 Class III tracts, 9 Class II tracts, and 10 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 31.
Figure 31: District 4 LEP EJ Population
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Environmental Justice Identification and Proposed Outreach Report 5.5 District 5 District 5 consists of 26 counties and is in the southeastern portion of Georgia. Three counties in District 5 are under the purview of a metropolitan planning organization and therefore not included in the rural STIP study area, leaving 23 in this assessment. District 5 contains 115 census tracts of which 51 are over the Minority EJ threshold, 41 are over the Hispanic EJ threshold, 42 are over the Elderly EJ threshold, 58 tracts are above the low-income EJ threshold and 38 tracts are above the LEP EJ threshold. Figure 32, below, is a map pf the counties located in District 5.
Figure 32: District 5
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5.5.1 Minority EJ Population
Figure 33 is a map of the minority EJ population located in District 5. Within District 5, 44 percent of the tracts have a minority population above the minority EJ threshold. The analysis shows 3 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Evans and Ware. The analysis also shows 12 Class III tracts, 23 Class II tracts, and 13 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 33.
Figure 33: District 5 Minority EJ Population
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5.5.2 Hispanic EJ Population
Figure 34 is a map of the Hispanic EJ population located in District 5. Within District 5, 36 percent of the tracts have a Hispanic population above the Hispanic EJ threshold. The analysis shows 12 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Appling, Camden, Candler, Evans, Long, Pierce, Tattnall, Telfair, and Toombs. The analysis also shows 11 Class III tracts, 11 Class II tracts, and 7 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 34.
Figure 34: District 5 Hispanic EJ Population
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5.5.3 Low-income EJ Population
Figure 35 is a map of the low-income EJ population located in District 5. Within District 5, 50 percent of the tracts have a low-income population above the low-income EJ threshold. The analysis shows 17 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Bulloch, Candler, Clinch, Evans; Tattnall, Toombs, Ware, and Wayne. The analysis also shows 12 Class III tracts, 18 Class II tracts, and 11 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 35.
Figure 35: District 5 Low-income EJ Population
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5.5.4 Elderly EJ Population
Figure 36 is a map of the elderly EJ population located in District 5. Within District 5, 37 percent of the tracts have an elderly population above the elderly EJ threshold. The analysis shows 7 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Appling, Camden, McIntosh, Telfair, Toombs, and Ware. The analysis also shows 12 Class III tracts, 6 Class II tracts, and 17 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 36.
Figure 36: District 5 Elderly EJ Population
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5.5.5 LEP EJ Population
Figure 37 is a map of the LEP EJ population located in District 5. Within District 5, 35 percent of the tracts have a LEP population above the LEP EJ threshold. The analysis shows 6 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Candler, Evans, Long, Telfair, and Toombs. The analysis also shows 9 Class III tracts, 12 Class II tracts, and 11 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 37.
Figure 37: District 5 LEP EJ Population
GDOT STIP FY 2018-2021 47

Environmental Justice Identification and Proposed Outreach Report 5.6 District 6 District 6 is composed of 17 counties located in the northwest corner of Georgia. Six counties in District 6 are under the purview of a metropolitan planning organization and therefore not included in the rural STIP study area, leaving 11 in this assessment. District 6 contains 85 census tracts of which 12 are over the Minority EJ threshold, 29 are over the Hispanic EJ threshold, 48 are over the Elderly EJ threshold, 37 tracts are above the low-income EJ threshold and 26 tracts are above the LEP EJ threshold. Figure 38, below, is a map of the counties located in District 6.
Figure 38: District 6
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5.6.1 Minority EJ Population
Figure 39 is a map of the minority EJ population located in District 6. Within District 6, 14 percent of the tracts have a minority population above the minority EJ threshold. The analysis shows 1 Class IV tract located in Carroll County. The analysis shows 1 Class III tracts, 3 Class II tracts, and 7 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 39.
Figure 39: District 6 Minority EJ Population
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5.6.2 Hispanic EJ Population
Figure 40 is a map of the Hispanic EJ population located in District 6. Within District 6, 34 percent of the tracts have a Hispanic population above the Hispanic EJ threshold. The analysis shows 12 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Carroll, Gilmer, Gordon, Murray, and Polk. The analysis also shows 6 Class III tracts, 4 Class II tracts, and 7 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 40.
Figure 40: District 6 Hispanic EJ Population
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5.6.3 Low-income EJ Population
Figure 41 is a map of the low-income EJ population located in District 6. Within District 6, 44 percent of the tracts have a low-income population above the low-income EJ threshold. The analysis shows 3 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Carroll, and Gilmer. The analysis also shows 7 Class III tracts, 11 Class II tracts, and 16 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 41.
Figure 41: District 6 Low-income EJ Population
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5.6.4 Elderly EJ Population
Figure 42 is a map of the elderly EJ population located in District 6. Within District 6, 56 percent of the tracts have an elderly population above the elderly EJ threshold. The analysis shows 9 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Fannin, Gilmer, Pickens, and Walker. The analysis also shows 9 Class III tracts, 17 Class II tracts, and 13 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 42.
Figure 42: District 6 Elderly EJ Population
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5.6.5 LEP EJ Population
Figure 43 is a map of the LEP EJ population located in District 6. Within District 6, 31 percent of the tracts have a LEP population above the LEP EJ threshold. The analysis shows 12 Class IV tracts located in the following counties: Carroll, Chattooga, Gilmer, Gordon, Murray and Polk. The analysis also shows 6 Class III tracts, 5 Class II tracts, and 3 Class I tracts. Tract locations can be found in Figure 43.
Figure 43: District 6 LEP EJ Population
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6.0 Focus and Findings
Figure 44 provides a summary of the percent of census tracts within each District with EJ populations above the STIP threshold for each category (minority, Hispanic, low-income, elderly, and LEP). This gives a visual comparison of the EJ populations in each District.
Figure 44: Summary of Census Tracts that Exceed STIP EJ Thresholds, by District

District 6 District 5 District 4 District 3 District 2 District 1
0%

31% 44% 56%
34% 14%

33%
37% 36%

50% 44%

31% 38%

73% 56%
63%

21% 20%

46% 55%
61%

29% 23%

51% 58%
60%

23% 13%

42%
55% 42%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

LEP Low Income Elderly Hispanic Minority

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6.1 Minority Findings
Minority populations are greatest in Districts 2, 3, and 4, where more than 60 percent of Census Tracts exceeded the minority EJ threshold. Districts 1 and 6 have the lowest percentage of census tracts above the minority EJ threshold, at 13 percent and 14 percent, respectively.
6.2 Hispanic Findings
The Hispanic population is greatest in District 1, where 42 percent of Census Tracts exceeded the Hispanic EJ threshold. District 2 and District 3 have the lowest percentage of census tracts above the Hispanic EJ threshold, at 23 percent and 20 percent, respectively.
6.3 Low-income Findings
The percentage of low-income populations is greatest in District 4, where 73 percent of Census Tracts exceed the low-income EJ threshold, followed by District 2 (51 percent) and District 5 (50 percent). District 1 has the lowest percentage of tracts, 23 percent, above the low-income EJ threshold.
6.4 Elderly Findings
Elderly populations are greatest in District 2, where 58 percent of Census Tracts exceed the Elderly EJ threshold, followed by District 4 (56 percent), District 6 (56 percent), District 1 (55 percent), and District 3 (55 percent). District 5 has the lowest percentage of census tracts above the elderly EJ threshold, at 37 percent.
6.5 LEP Findings
The percentage of LEP populations is greatest in District 1, where 42 percent of Census Tracts exceed the LEP EJ threshold, followed by District 5 (33 percent), District 6 (31 percent), and District 4 (31 percent). These higher concentrations of non-English speaking residents demonstrate the need for Spanish language public involvement and outreach strategies within these districts. District 2 (28 percent) and District 3 (21 percent) have the lowest percentage of census tracts exceeding the LEP EJ threshold. Spanish language public involvement and outreach is not as critical in this part of the STIP study area; however, it may still be necessary.
7.0 Public Outreach Strategy
The STIP public involvement strategy includes a range of techniques tailored to meet the needs of each District that allow for flexibility if the needs of the target audiences or proposed project changes. Below is an outline of project deliverables for the subject area.
(a). Stakeholder Database - An essential component of the public involvement strategy is the development of a comprehensive stakeholder database of individuals, communities, businesses, faith-based institutions, environmental groups, and other interested parties as identified through the stakeholder involvement process or as interest is shown in the studies. The database will be used to disseminate information about the study area. The list, used to facilitate invitation of stakeholders to meetings, was built upon the existing GDOT Family of Partners database, lists from previous studies completed in the
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STIP study area, and other sources. The database will be updated throughout this STIP cycle as new stakeholders are identified. Meeting notifications will be distributed to the study stakeholder database before public meetings commence.
(b). Media Coordination - Draft press releases will be developed for finalization and will be approved by GDOT Communications. A proactive approach to these efforts will provide accurate, up-to-date information to the public and help to minimize misconceptions or misinformation. Information will be disseminated using press releases, paid radio advertisements, social media, and the GDOT web site.
(c). Study Website Materials - Study website materials from each public information open house meeting, including meeting announcements, will be made available to GDOT for posting to the Department website. The website address will be displayed on all study public informational materials.
(d). Public Meetings - All facility logistics will be coordinated through the GDOT District Planning and Programming Specialists. The number of meetings will be determined based on consultation and coordination with each District. To ensure EJ populations are equitably served by the meetings, every attempt should be made to ensure that meeting venues are ADA compliant, easily accessible by public transportation, and located near the areas identified as EJ communities. In addition, every attempt should be made to secure meeting venues that are nonthreatening, welcoming, and familiar locations. Schools, public places such as malls, and welcome centers, faith-based institutions, and recreation centers are all viable options for meeting locations.
(e). Meeting Handouts and Materials - The types of meeting materials that will be developed include flyers, handouts, graphics, and maps that illustrate the location of proposed STIP projects. These collateral materials and maps are essential to provide straightforward information to the public. Considering the concentrations of Spanish-speakers in certain districts, relevant materials will be translated into Spanish on an as-needed basis to ensure successful outreach efforts to those populations. Additionally, flyers will be prepared and disseminated at different locations throughout the STIP area, to advertise each public meeting. Potential locations include libraries, social and civic buildings, and other major activity centers.
(f). Public Comment and Collection - Meeting attendees will have the opportunity to provide input on displays and information made available to them at each public meeting location. Comment forms will be made available for completion on site or to be returned to GDOT via mail, email, or the STIP website. Comment forms will also serve as meeting evaluation surveys, as attendees will be encouraged to provide feedback on the quality of each public involvement activity and the community outreach strategies employed. Large print comment sheets will also be available at meetings to accommodate those who are visually impaired.
(g). Annual Public Involvement Report - At the conclusion of the STIP cycle, a comprehensive report based on all public outreach will be prepared. The report will synthesize all process documentation completed throughout the preparation and implementation of the meetings.
The public outreach techniques will be further refined so that the EJ populations and their geographic concentrations dictate how the outreach techniques will be targeted for each district. Customized
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Environmental Justice Identification and Proposed Outreach Report outreach strategies for each GDOT district are outlined below in Table 3 through Table 8. In addition to recognizing counties within the STIP study area with census tracts having a greater percentage of minority, Hispanic, low-income, elderly, and LEP populations than the identified EJ thresholds, cities and towns located within Class IV target areas have been identified. The cities and towns contain concentrated amounts of EJ populations and should be considered when determining public meeting locations and as priority target areas for distribution of outreach materials.
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Table 3: District 1 Outreach Strategies

EJ Category Geographic Area (County: City/Town)

Outreach Targets

Minority

Barrow Elbert Hart

Hispanic

Banks Barrow Dawson Elbert Franklin Habersham: Baldwin,
Cornelia, Demorest, Mount Airy

Low-Income

Barrow Elbert Franklin Habersham:
Clarkesville Hart Jackson Lumpkin

Elderly

Barrow Dawson Elbert: Elberton Franklin: Canon,
Franklin Springs, and Royston Habersham: Clarkesville, and Tallulah Falls Hart: Hartwell Jackson: Commerce Lumpkin

Stephens Walton
Hart Jackson Lumpkin Madison Oconee Rabun: Clayton Walton
Madison Rabun Stephens Walton: Monroe White
Madison Rabun: Clayton, Dillard,
Mountain City, Sky Valley, Tallulah Falls, and Tiger Stephens: Toccoa Towns: Hiawassee, Tate City, and Young Harris Union: Blairsville Walton White: Cleveland, Helen, Sautee Nacoochee, and Yonah

Recreation Centers Neighborhood
Associations Libraries Medical Clinics Farmers' Markets Major Activity Centers
(Mall/Walmart) Faith-based Institutions
Recreation Centers Faith-based Institutions Latin American
Associations Libraries Medical Clinics Farmers' Markets Major Activity Centers
(Mall/Walmart) Civic Clubs
Recreation Centers Neighborhood
Associations Libraries Medical Clinics Farmers' Markets Faith-based Institutions Major Activity Centers
(Mall/Walmart) Technical College (North
Georgia)
Recreation Centers Senior Centers Civic Clubs Libraries Medical Clinics Faith-based Institutions Major Activity Centers
(Mall/Walmart)

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Limited English Proficiency

Banks Barrow: Bethlehem,
Russell & Winder Dawson Elbert Franklin Habersham: Alto,
Baldwin, Cornelia, Raoul Hart

Jackson Lumpkin Madison Oconee Rabun Towns Union Walton: Loganville

Faith-based Institutions Social Services Schools Medical Clinics Civic Clubs Farmers' Markets Libraries Interest Groups (NAACP,
United Way, Urban League) Major Activity Centers (Mall/Walmart)

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Table 4: District 2 Outreach Strategies

EJ Category Minority
Hispanic

Geographic Areas

Baldwin: Hardwick and Milledgeville
Bleckley Burke: Midville, Vidette,
and Waynesboro Columbia Dodge Emanuel Greene: Greensboro
and Siloam Hancock: Sparta Jasper Jefferson: Bartow,
Louisville, and Wadley Jenkins Johnson Laurens: Dublin

Lincoln McDuffie: Thomson Morgan Newton: Covington and
Porterdale Putnam: Eatonton Taliaferro: Crawfordville
and Sharon Treutlen Warren: Camak,
Norwood, and Warrenton Washington: Oconee,
Sandersville, and Tennille Wilkes: Washington Wilkinson

Burke Columbia: Grovetown Dodge Emmanuel Greene Jasper

Jefferson Morgan Newton Oglethorpe Putnam: Eatonton Wilkes

Outreach Targets Recreation Centers Social Services Interest Groups (NAACP,
United Way, Urban League) Neighborhood Associations Faith-based Institutions Major Activity Centers
(Mall/Walmart) Libraries Farmers' Markets Medical Clinics Technical College (Oconee Fall
Line)
Recreation Centers Faith-based Institutions Latin American Associations Social Services Interest Groups (NAACP,
United Way, Urban League) Major Activity Centers
(Mall/Walmart) Libraries Medical Clinics Farmers' Market

Low-Income

Baldwin: Hardwick and Milledgeville
Bleckley Burke: Waynesboro Dodge Emmanuel: Nunez, Oak
Park and Swainsboro Glascock Greene: Greensboro
and Union Point Hancock: Sparta Jasper Jefferson: Bartow,
Louisville, and Wadley

Jenkins Johnson Laurens: Dublin Lincoln McDuffie Newton Oglethorpe Putnam Taliaferro Treutlen Warren Washington: Sandersville Wilkes Wilkinson

Recreation Centers Neighborhood Associations Faith-based Institutions Social Services Interest Groups (NAACP,
United Way, Urban League) Major Activity Centers
(Mall/Walmart) Farmers' Markets Libraries Medical Clinics Technical College (Oconee Fall
Line)

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EJ Category
Elderly
Limited English Proficiency

Geographic Areas

Baldwin: Milledgeville Bleckley Burke Columbia: Evans and
Martinez Dodge Emanuel Glascock Greene: Greensboro,
Union Point, and White Plains Hancock Jefferson Jenkins Johnson Laurens: Dublin Burke Columbia: Grovetown Dodge Emmanuel: Nunez, Oak Park, and Swainsboro Greene Jasper: Shady Dale Jenkins

Lincoln McDuffie Morgan Newton Oglethorpe Putnam: Crooked Creek Taliaferro: Crawfordville
and Sharon Treutlen Warren: Warrenton Washington Wilkes: Tignall and
Washington Wilkinson: Allentown and
Toomsboro
Laurens Morgan Newton Oglethorpe Putnam Wilkes

Outreach Targets Recreation Centers Senior Centers Civic Clubs Social Services Medical Clinics Farmers' Market Libraries Major Activity Centers
(Mall/Walmart) Faith-based Institutions
Faith-based Institutions Social Services Schools Interest Groups (NAACP,
United Way, Urban League) Major Activity Centers
(Mall/Walmart) Medical Clinics Libraries Farmers' Market

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EJ Category Minority
Hispanic

Table 5: District 3 Outreach Strategies

Geographic Areas

Butts

Pulaski

Crawford

Schley

Dooly

Spalding: Experiment and

Harris

Griffin

Jones

Stewart: Lumpkin and

Lamar

Richland

Macon: Marshallville,

Sumter: Americus

Montezuma, and

Talbot: Talbotton

Oglethorpe

Taylor

Marion: Buena Vista

Troup: LaGrange

Meriwether

Twiggs

Monroe

Upson

Peach: Fort Valley

Webster

Dooly Macon Marion Peach: Fort Valley Spalding Stewart: Lumpkin Sumter Troup

Outreach Targets Recreation
Centers Social Services Interest Groups
(NAACP, United Way, Urban League) Neighborhood Associations Faith-based Institutions Major Activity Centers (Mall/Walmart) University (Fort Valley State) Medical Clinics Farmers' Market Libraries Technical Colleges (Southern Crescent and South Georgia) Recreation Centers Faith-based Institutions Latin American Associations Social Services Interest Groups (NAACP, United Way, Urban League) Major Activity Centers (Mall/Walmart) Medical Clinics Farmers' Market Libraries

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EJ Category Low-Income

Geographic Areas

Crawford

Schley

Dooly: Byromville,

Spalding: Griffin

Dooling, and Lilly

Stewart

Heard

Sumter: Americus

Jones

Talbot

Lamar

Taylor: Butler and

Macon

Howard

Marion

Troup: LaGrange

Monroe

Twiggs

Peach: Fort Valley

Upson: Thomaston

Pike

Webster

Pulaski

Elderly

Butts Crawford Dooly Harris: Pine Mountain Jones Lamar Macon Marion Meriwether:
Manchester, Warm Springs Monroe Peach

Pulaski Schley Spalding Stewart: Richland Sumter: Plains Talbot Taylor Troup: LaGrange Twiggs Upson: Lincoln Park and
Thomaston Webster

Outreach Targets Recreation
Centers Neighborhood
Associations Faith-based
Institutions Social Services Interest Groups
(NAACP, United Way, Urban League) Major Activity Centers (Mall/Walmart) Medical Clinics Farmers' Market Libraries Technical Colleges (Southern Crescent, South Georgia) Recreation Centers Senior Centers Social Services Faith-based Institutions Interest Groups (NAACP, United Way, Urban League) Major Activity Centers (Mall/Walmart) Medical Clinics Farmers' Market Libraries

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EJ Category
Limited English Proficiency

Geographic Areas

Dooly

Troup

Macon

Upson

Marion

Peach: Fort Valley

Pulaski

Spalding: Griffin

Stewart: Lumpkin

Sumter: Americus

Outreach Targets Faith-based
Institutions Social Services Schools Interest Groups
(NAACP, United Way, Urban League) Major Activity Centers (Mall/Walmart) Medical Clinics Farmers' Market Libraries Technical Colleges (Southern Crescent, South Georgia)

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EJ Category Minority Hispanic

Table 6: District 4 Outreach Strategies

Geographic Areas

Atkinson

Irwin

Baker

Lanier

Ben Hill

Lee

Brooks: Quitman

Miller

Calhoun: Arlington,

Mitchell: Camilla

Edison, Leary, and

Quitman

Morgan

Randolf: Coleman and

Clay: Bluffton and Fort

Cuthbert

Gaines

Seminole:

Coffee

Donalsonville

Colquitt: Moultrie

Terrell: Dawson

Cook

Thomas: Thomasville

Crisp

Tift: Phillipsburg,

Decatur: Attapulgus

Tifton, and Unionville

Early: Blakely and

Turner: Ashburn

Damascus

Wilcox

Grady

Worth

Atkinson: Pearson and Willacoochee
Ben Hill Berrien Brooks Coffee: Douglas Colquitt: Berlin,
Ellenton, Funston, Moultrie, and Norman Park

Cook Decatur Echols: Statenville Grady Lanier Mitchell Thomas Tift: Omega,
Phillipsburg, and Tifton

Outreach Targets Recreation Centers Social Services Interest Groups
(NAACP, United Way, Urban League) Neighborhood Associations Faith-based Institutions Universities (Albany State, Valdosta State) Medical Clinics Farmers' Market Libraries Bainbridge State College (Technical Division) Technical Colleges (Southern Regional) Major Activity Centers (Mall/Walmart) Recreation Centers Faith-based Institutions Latin American Associations Social Services Interest Groups (NAACP, United Way, Urban League) Major Activity Centers (Mall/Walmart) Medical Clinics Farmers' Market Libraries

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EJ Category
LowIncome
Elderly
Limited English Proficiency

Geographic Areas

Atkinson: Pearson and Irwin

Willacoochee

Lanier

Baker: Newton

Lee

Ben Hill: Fitzgerald

Miller

Berrien: Enigma

Mitchell

Brooks

Quitman

Calhoun: Arlington,

Randolph

Edison, Leary, and

Seminole:

Morgan

Donalsonville

Clay: Bluffton and Fort Terrell: Dawson

Gaines

Thomas: Meigs and

Coffee

Thomasville

Colquitt: Moultrie

Tift: Omega and

Cook

Unionville

Crisp: Cordele

Turner

Decatur: Attapulgus

Wilcox: Pitts and Seville

Early: Blakely

Worth

Echols: Statenville

Grady

Baker

Irwin

Ben Hill

Miller: Boykin and

Berrien

Colquitt

Brooks

Mitchell

Calhoun

Quitman: Georgetown

Clay: Bluffton

Randolph

Coffee

Seminole: Iron City

Colquitt

Terrell: Bronwood and

Cook

Parrot

Crisp

Thomas

Decatur

Tift

Early: Cedar Springs and Turner

Jakin

Wilcox: Pineview

Grady: Whigham

Worth

Atkinson: Pearson

Crisp

Ben Hill

Decatur

Berrien

Echols: Statenville

Brooks

Grady: Cairo

Calhoun

Mitchell

Coffee

Thomas

Colquitt: Berlin,

Tift: Omega and

Ellenton, Funston, and

Phillipsburg

Moultrie

Turner

Cook

Wilcox

Outreach Targets Recreation Centers Faith-based Institutions Social Services Interest Groups
(NAACP, United Way, Urban League) Major Activity Centers (Mall/Walmart) Medical Clinics Farmers' Market Libraries
Recreation Centers Senior Centers Social Services Faith-based Institutions Major Activity Centers
(Mall/Walmart) Medical clinics Libraries
Faith-based Institutions Social Services, Schools Interest Groups
(NAACP, United Way, Urban League) Major Activity Centers (Mall/Walmart) Libraries Medical Clinics Farmers' Market

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EJ Category Minority Hispanic
Low-Income

Table 7: District 5 Outreach Strategies

Appling Bryan Bulloch Camden Candler Charlton Clinch Effingham Evans Jeff Davis

Geographic Areas Long McIntosh Montgomery Screven Tattnall Telfair Toombs Ware Wayne Wheeler

Appling: Baxley Bacon Bryan Bulloch Camden Candler: Pulaski Evans Jeff Davis: Hazlehurst and
Saltilla Long

Montgomery Pierce Tattnall Telfair: Helena,
McRae, and Scotland Toombs: Lyons and Santa Claus Ware Wayne: Jesup

Appling Bacon Brantley Bryan Bulloch: Statesboro Camden Candler Clinch Effingham: Guyton Evans Jeff Davis Long

Montgomery Pierce Screven Tattnall:
Manassas Telfair:
Manassas and Reidsville Toombs: Lyons Ware: Waycross Wayne Wheeler

Outreach Targets Recreation Centers Social Services Interest Groups
(NAACP, United Way, Urban League) Neighborhood Associations Faith-based Institutions Major Activity Centers (Mall/Walmart) Medical Clinics Libraries Farmers' Market Recreation Centers Faith-based Institutions Latin American Associations Social Services Interest Groups (NAACP, United Way, Urban League) Medical Clinics Major Activity Centers (Mall/Walmart) Libraries Farmers' Market Recreation Centers Faith-based Institutions Social Services Interest Groups (NAACP, United Way, Urban League) Libraries Major Activity Centers (Mall/Walmart) Medical Clinics Farmers' Market

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EJ Category
Elderly
Limited English Proficiency

Geographic Areas

Appling: Surrency

Pierce

Bacon

Screven

Camden

Tattnall

Candler

Telfair: Milan

Charlton

Toombs

Evans

Ware:

Jeff Davis

Deenwood and

McIntosh

Sunnyside

Montgomery

Wayne

Wheeler

Appling

Pierce

Bacon

Tattnall:

Bulloch

Glennville

Camden

Telfair: Helena,

Candler: Pulaski

McRae, and

Charlton

Scotland

Clinch: Du Pont and Fargo Toombs: Lyons

Evans

and Santa Claus

Jeff Davis

Ware

Long

Wayne

Montgomery

Outreach Targets Recreation Centers Senior Centers Social Services Faith-based Institutions Social Services Medical Clinics Libraries Farmers' Market
Faith-based Institutions Social Services Schools Interest Groups
(NAACP, United Way, Urban League) Major Activity Centers (Mall/Walmart) Medical Clinics Libraries Farmers' Market

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EJ Category Minority
Hispanic
Low-Income
Elderly Limited English
Proficiency

Table 8: District 6 Outreach Strategies

Geographic Areas Carroll Chattooga Polk

Carroll: Carrollton
Chattooga Gilmer: East
Ellijay and Ellijay Gordon: Calhoun
Carroll Chattooga Dade Fannin

Murray: Chatsworth and Eton
Pickens Polk: Cedartown
Gilmer Gordon Haralson Murray Polk Walker: Rossville

Carroll Chattooga Dade Fannin: Blue
Ridge, Epworth, McCaysville, Mineral Bluff, and Morganton Carroll: Carrollton Chattooga: Trion

Gilmer: Cherry Log, Ellijay and East Ellijay
Haralson Murray Pickens Polk Walker: Rossville
Gordon: Calhoun Murray:
Chatsworth Pickens

Outreach Targets Recreation Centers Social Services Interest Groups (NAACP,
United Way, Urban League) Neighborhood Associations Faith-based Institutions Major Activity Centers
(Mall/Walmart) Farmers' Market Medical Clinics Libraries Recreation Centers Faith-based Institutions Latin American Associations Social Services Interest Groups (NAACP,
United Way, Urban League) Farmers' Market Libraries Medical Clinics Recreation Centers Faith-based Institutions Social Services Interest Groups (NAACP,
United Way, Urban League) Farmers' Market Libraries Major Activity Centers
(Mall/Walmart) Medical Clinics Recreation Centers Senior Centers Social Services Faith-based Institutions Farmers' Market Medical Clinics Libraries
Faith-based Institutions Social Services Schools Interest Groups (NAACP,

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Fannin Gilmer: Ellijay
and East Ellijay

Polk: Cedartown

United Way, Urban League) Major Activity Centers
(Mall/Walmart) Farmers' Market Libraries Medical Clinics

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8.0 Sources of Information
8.1 Reports and Studies
"Community Impact Assessment: A Quick Reference for Transportation" FHWA, (1996) "Community Impact Mitigation Case Studies" FHWA (1998) "Environmental Policy Statement" FHWA, (1994) "EPA Environmental Justice Strategy: Executive Order 12898" EPA (1995) "EPA Environmental Justice: Guidance Under the National Environmental Policy Act (Council of
Environmental Quality, EPA (1997) "How to Engage Low-Literacy and Limited-English-Proficiency Populations in Transportation
Decisionmaking", USDOT/FHWA (2006) "Practical Approaches for Involving Populations in Transportation Decisionmaking " NCHRP
Report 710 (2012) "Effective Public Involvement Using Limited Resources" NCHRP Synthesis 407 (2010) "Public Involvement Techniques for Transportation Decision-making" USDOT (2009) "Transportation & Environmental Justice, Case Studies" USDOT/FHWA (2000) "Transportation & Environmental Justice, Effective Practices" USDOT/FHWA/FTA (2002) "Environmental Justice in Transportation: Emerging Trends and Best Practices" FHWA (2011) "Environmental Justice in NEPA" FHWA (2013)
8.2 Internet Sites
American Community Survey, http://www.census.gov/ 2010 U.S. Census Bureau (American Fact Finder), http://factfinder2.census.gov Federal Highway Administration, www.fhwa.dot.gov Federal Transit Administration, www.fta.dot.gov Environmental Protection Agency, www.epa.gov Georgia Department of Transportation, www.dot.ga.gov Surface Transportation Policy Project, www.transact.org United States Department of Transportation, www.dot.gov
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