Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly [1933-1934]

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ALUMNAE OFFICE
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Home Coming Number

Vol. XII

NOVEMBER, 193 3

No. 1

Entered as second class matter under the Act of Congress, August, 1912.

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Table of Contents

Miss Nannette Hopkins, Dean Frontispiece

Alumnae Home-Coming 5

Mary Ben (Wright) Ermcin,' 2 5

The Aim of the Liberal College 6

Dr. George P. Hayes

The Social Deterrent of Our National Self-Righteousness .... 10

Jane Addams

Christian Education 13

Dr. J. R. McCain

Agnes Scott on the Air 14

Mary Catherine Williamson, '31

After College What? 15

Kathryn McHale

New Books 16

WiLLA Upchurch, '3 3

Office News 18

Club News 20

Faculty News 21

Alumnae News 22

Program for Alumnae Week-end Cover

/

(Alumnae ^^ome-Qoming

Mary Ben (Wright) Erwin, '2 5
{Chairman of the Cnrriculiiiii Committee)

Our annual Thanksgiving Home-Coming now carries a double sig-
nificance: the cherished reunion with college friends and the return to
classrooms. The plans for the coming week-end have been arranged to
meet the suggestions that have come to us from interested alumnae who
have attended former sessions. Our classes will be conducted through-
out the day on Friday rather than two morning sessions on Friday
and Saturday. Dr. McCain has graciously extended to us an invitation
to lunch, when the White House dining room will be opven to alumnae.

The Book Committee will furnish the first speaker during the regu-
lar morning chapel hour. That will be followed by two one-hour lec-
tures in Buttrlck. The afternoon program includes two lectures with
classes ending at 3:30. The Lecture Association will have charge of
the evening program, to which alumnae will be admitted for the usual
price of seventy-five cents, if the tickets are bought through the
Alumnae Office.

Saturday morning is left open for each to plan her own day.
Alumnae will be welcome at the regular classes with favorite professors.
For those who choose to shop, the same Decatur street cars run to At-
lanta and some of the same friendly operators will recognize you when
you pay your nickel.

The Home-Coming tea is the high light of the Alumnae Week-End
and the outstanding event of Thanksgiving at Agnes Scott. It will be
held in the Alumnae House on Saturday afternoon, from four until six
o'clock. The greater the number of guests, the more successful the tea.
Every alumna is invited and all near enough are expected to attend.
Remember the tea is a BIRTHDAY PARTY!

THE AIM OF THE LIBERAL COLLEGE

Dr. George P. Hayes

{An address made at Chapel cm the morning of September 2}, at the time of the

annoancetfient of the 1932-193 3 Honor Roll)

My words this morning are addressed especially to those of you who have just entered
college and are looking about eagerh' for a way of hfe. To you I would say, the liberal
college points out a way that you may follow not merely during the years of your course
here but throughout the hfe that hes beyond the college gates. Your teachers are already
traveling it. "SSTe invite you to set out on it with us.

Last year in a talk from this platform I said that the two main traditions of west-
em civilization have been the Christian and the classical, that these traditions, which
consisted of a very definite philosophy of hfe, a scale of values, and a discipline, were
broken down by the Romanticists in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries,
and that since then neither the old traditions nor any new synthesis of life has received
general acceptance. When an old discipline has been discarded and no new one set up in
its place, the restilt is anarchy, and that is exactly what we have today.

This morning I wish to take up the thought at that point, and show how the liberal
college is attempting to meet this crisis and what your contribution to the present situation
may be. The method of procedure of the college is to set before you certain objectives,
the achievement of which will quahfv vou to play a part in the rebuilding of our social
life.

The first task that faces you is to discover just what those values are on which our
civiUzation rested from Pericles to Rousseati. You are by no means to accept them as
yours just becaiise they have been sen'iceable in the past, but in order to test their value
to us today you must, to begin with, discover what they are. To do so, you must study
the main civilizations of the past classical, medieval, and Renaissance in all their
phases intellectual, social, and artistic. Merely to do this adequately is the work of
many years, to say the least. Yet that is just the beginning of your task.

After you have come to know "the best that has been thought and said in the world,"
you have to correlate and integrate this body of knowledge, and assimilate it. This second
step is much more difficult than the first, and is completed, if at all, only in the years
of maturity. Yet it is a necessar}' step for you to take. For only by comparing the
different phases of a given civilization can you arrive at the principle which underlies
them all. Only by comparing one civilization with another can you find that element
of unity in human experience which exists despite the superficial differences. Only in
this way can you rise to the level of seeing Ufe in the double aspect of unity in diversity.
On the one hand, hfe is constantly changing and nothing visible remains the same. On
the other hand, there is "something deep down in the human breast that craves the
abiding" and that sees beneath the surface of life a fundamental Oneness, which the
Christian calls God. The finest discussion of this whole problem is in Plato, and the poet
Shelley is but setting to immortal music the subHme language of Plato when he says in
Adonais :

"The One remains, the many change and pass;
Heaven's light forever shines, Earth's shadows fly;
Life, hke a dome of many coloured glass,
Stains the white radiance of Eternity,
Until Death tramples it to fragments."

The modern age is preoccupied with the problem of the Many that is, with the
infinite diversity of life, with the uniqueness of each moment's experience, with the
strange and the morbid elements in hvmian nature. "Life," says Bergson, "is a perpetual
gxishing forth of novelties." The relativity of all things is the common creed of the

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 7

day. Right here is where the liberal college can make one contribution to modern
thought by pointing out that there is an element of Oneness in life which has been
sadly forgotten. This element is clearly perceptible in literature if we study it by the
comparative method if we notice that the medieval Thomas Aquinas and the Renais-
sance writers alike built their thought largely on Aristotle, that Dante regarded Vergil
his master, that Goethe made the classics his models, and that the great French tradition
from Racine and Montaigne to Sainte-Beuve and Brunetiere is but a vital continuation of
the classical viewpoint in modern times. By comparing literature with literature we
come to see the universal elements in all the oneness underlying the diversity. We
come to a conception of man as man his fundamental sameness everywhere a concep-
tion which needs stressing in this day of emphasis on racial and national differences.

From what has just been said you can, perhaps, guess what your third step must
be. After you have assimilated the characteristic features of the great civilizations of the
past, you have a conception of what elements are essential to all great civilizations and
consequently a standard whereby to judge the present. Your third step, then, is to ap-
ply that standard to the life of today, determine what essential elements we lack, and
supply them. Every age is onesided, stressing certain truths at the expense of others
equally true. Your task is to round out and complete the present by supplying from
the past those truths which the age is neglecting to its detriment. As Goethe says, we
must oppose to the aberrations of the hoiur the masses of universal history. One such
aberration I made the subject of my former talk our inadequate conception of man,
who today is usually treated in literature as if he were an animal, a moron, or a
fit subject for an insane asylum. A second aberration I have just been discussing our
emphasis on the Many at the expense of the equally vital truth of the One.

Another phase of this aberration is seen in the fact that our age, especially here in
America, is one of external action, of "efficiency", of physical energy expended on
physical and material things. In this sphere we have done wonders; but in the super-
ficial existence that has come from this way of life we have paid a heavy price for the
neglect of the contemplative life, the life of the mind and the spirit. Main Street and
Babbitt have been the result. It is for the colleges to redress the balance by reminding
the present that down to the time of Francis Bacon the greatest thinkers, on the whole,
from Aristotle and Plato to Thomas Aquinas regarded the contemplative life as superior
to the active; Mary rather than Martha chose the better part. The Christian Church has
long asserted this truth and still has its great influence, but unfortunately the leader-
ship of today is no longer in the church. The liberal college, as the trusted guardian of
the intellectual treasures of the past, should proclaim from the housetops what the Greek
attitude was. In the words of Bosanquet, "Leisure the word from which our word
'school' is derived was for the Greek the expression of the highest moments of the
mind. It was not labor; far less was it recreation. It was that employment of the mind
which by great thoughts, by art and poetry which lift us above ourselves, by the high-
est exertion of the intelligence, as we should add, by religion, we obtain occasionally a
sense of something that cannot be taken from us, a real oneness and centre in the uni-
verse; and which makes us feel that whatever happens to the present form of our little
ephemeral personality, life is yet worth living because it has a real and sensible contact
with something of eternal value."

At this point in our quest the mental life is fused with the spiritual and we think
inevitably of the golden chain of prophets, mystics, and saints that are the glory of
the Christian church. Instead of quoting from them, however, I would, if I had time,
read you a famoxis passage from the Symposium in which Plato describes how the lover
of beauty and truth should begin by loving the beauty of an individual form, thence
proceed to the beauty of all forms, from beauty of form mount to beauty of soul,
thence to beauty of conduct, knowledge and wisdom, and finally gain the vision of uni-
versal abstract beauty, whence all the rest proceeds. This passage, perhaps the finest

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

statement of the purpose of the Hberal college ever written, ought, figuratively speak-
ing, to be inscribed on the lintels, and imprinted in the hearts of the students, of every
college in the land.

I have thus far suggested ways in which the liberal college through its graduates may
influence modern life so as to rotmd it out and complete it. But the liberal college not
merely aims to remould the intellectual bases of society. It also tries to shape the
personal life and character of its students. To the individual the liberal education should
mean, as I have tried to show, the acquisition of intellectual symmetry and the cultiva-
tion of the spiritual life. It should mean also the discipline of the character and the will.
To assimilate the past and to bring it to bear on the present requires hard, sustained
thinking and concentrated effort of the will. Then, in another way the liberal education
is intimately related to the formation of character, for one's personality is subtly in-
fluenced by one's reading. "When Gamaliel Bradford tells us that his study of Mark
Twain had a deteriorating influence on his character, we may well take into consider-
ation the moral effect of reading on the young college student. I am not defending Mrs.
Grundy, nor am I advocating literary censorship. I am thinking of the fact that in
proportion as, through reading and study, one lives intimately and long with Rousseau,
Chateaubriand, Stendhal, Balzac, Baudelaire, and Zola to take examples from French
literature one is being encouraged and stimulated, in the case of the earlier writers, to
feel one's emotional pulse, to develop a sort of spiritual pride, to revel in the ways of the
flesh, to live in idle revery and dream, and to regard one's self as the victim of one's en-
vironment; and in the case of the later writers, to worship the man of force or the man
of wealth, to regard one's self as an animal, and to live in a world of nightmare and de-
generacy. The same might be said substantially of many writers in English from Byron
and Poe to James Joyce and William Faulkner. I do not say that the emotional or mental
attitudes just mentioned are not fit subjects for art if treated from the proper standpoint.
Shakespeare, in Macbeth, handles the material of a tale by Poe and gives it a balanced and
humane treatment that makes it one of the supreme plays of the world. Neither do I
say that students should not read the Romantic and Realistic literature. I say simply that
in reading it they should realize that these writers, in their attitude toward their material,
point the way to barbarism, not civilization. The fault lies less with the writers them-
selves than with their age, which did not provide them, as a background for their crea-
tive work, with an adequate philosoph}' of life, a philosophy which regards feeling or
revery as less important than disciplined action, and wliich prefers the normal to the ab-
normal, the control of one's less worthy desires to the unrestrained expression of them,
and health to degeneracy.

Our leading English poets are still Chaucer, Shakespeare, and Milton, and they are
so in part because, writing under the sustaining and sanative influence of the Christian
and classical traditions, they give us a world of will and action, a world based on firm
moral standards, a large and healthy universe of many people. Speaking generally, the
conception of the freedom of the will dropped permanently out of ovir literature with
the coming of the Romanticists, and with it the concept of moral responsibility for one's
actions. For this reason if for no other we in the liberal college should steep ourselves in
the older literature more than in the new if the college is to have its proper influence on
the individual character.

I have been discussing the effect of a liberal education on the intellectual and moral
life of the individual. Time prevents me from even mentioning other important aspects
of the personal life which the liberal college tries to develop. Our aim is to expand all
sides of the personality so as to achieve the synunetrical life described in the words of
Joubert: "Man is an immense being in some sort, who may exist partially but whose exist-
ence is delectable in proportion as it becomes full and complete."

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 9

By way of epitome of all that has preceded, it may be said that, bating the question
of slavery, the Greeks of the great age came nearest to building an ideal civilization
and culture. Their conception of man, their standard of values, their sense of beauty,
their intellectual life, their literature imaginative in the highest degree yet rational and
profoundly experienced, above all their vision of a balanced and harmonious life which
Leonardo called "the antique symmetry" all of these explain why we still at this late
day need to center our studies as never before around the classics.

I do not advocate a servile imitation of the Greeks, nor should we long idly for
the return of a day that is gone. But, culling the universal elements from the past, we
can attain to a vision which will enable us to make over both ourselves and the life about
us. If in this way we can build a truly humane civilization, perhaps therefrom will come
a creative literature more satisfying to the hearts and minds of most of us than the
efforts of Dreiser or Eugene O'Neill. And, more important, we shall come nearer to the
goal of every one of us namely, happiness.

This conception of the liberal education is no new doctrine. It is the precious intellec-
tual heritage of civilization handed down to us through the centuries, a heritage which,
with the undermining of traditional values, we are actually in danger of losing. The
program which it proposes for each one of us is practical, and has its bearing on the
lessons you are studying today. It gives to everyone teacher and student alike a part
to play in proportion to his ability, a part that may profitably occupy him through the
days ahead. For knowledge of the past is dead and useless until it has taken harmonious
shape in the mind, has worked upon the heart, and has assumed visible form in a re-
moulded society. This transmutation of knowledge into life is achieved but slowly and
with difficulty as mind and will gradually mature.

Meanwhile, today and here there are genuine joys of the mind which may be ours for
the asking. Each one of us can share right now in that fine fruit of the intellectual life
good talk, talk that widens our horizons, freshens our enthusiasms and achieves for
us a "marriage of true minds". And we can all read books and enjoy "the quiet and
still air of delightful studies". In the words of Alphonsus, King of Arragon: "Among
so many things as are by men possessed or pursued in the course of their lives, all the rest
are baubles besides old wood to burn, old wine to drink, old friends to converse with,
and old books to read."

Note: Anyone interested in the vietc point and met bods of treatment of this essay
is invited to read the books of Irving Babbitt, formerly Frofess >r of French LHerattire
in Harvard University, my teacher and Master. G. P. H.

THE SOCIAL DETERRENT OF OUR NATIONAL
SELF-RIGHTEOUSNESS

Jane Addams

{One of a series of articles on "Continued Education for Alumni," sent out to member

Magazines of the American Alumni Council by the Alumni Features Service)

Our national self-righteousness, often honestly disguised as patriotism, in one aspect
is part of that adolescent self-assertion which the United States has never quite out-
grown, and which is sometimes crudely expressed, both by individuals and nations, in
sheer boasting. In another aspect it is that complacency which we associate with the
elderly who, feeling justified by their own successes, have completely lost the faculty
of self-criticism. Innocent as such a combination may be, it is unfortunate that it
should have been intensified at this particular moment when humility of spirit and a
willingness to reconsider existing institutions are so necessary to world salvation.

To illustrate Senator Borah suggested that the cancellation of war debts owed by
the allied European nations to the United States be considered with the provision that the
nations which take advantage of the offer shall consent to reduce their armaments. And
yet the United States makes no proposition to disarm itself! This is doubtless due to the
fact that we are fully convinced of our own righteousness, of our own beneficent inten-
tions; but this very attitude toward ourselves may make the offer unacceptable to other
nations.

It is not difficult to trace the historic beginning of such a national self-righteousness.
The persecuted religious sects which first settled so much of the Atlantic Coast were
naturally convinced that they bore witness to the highest truth and were therefore the
chosen people. William Penn, who bought from the Indians every acre of land in his
own royal grant, said that he visited the various communities "who were of a separating
and seeking turn of mind", and in spite of his insistence upon religious freedom, he
was ever surrounded by a good many "come-outers". These very separatists, from
Plymouth to Philadelphia, who ultimately federated into the Thirteen Colonies, prob-
ably achieved it as much through a similarity of temperament as through a common
devotion to political doctrines. They undoubtedly bequeathed both to their suc-
cessors, and certainly the former made a very good foundation for this national trait.

Another historic manifestation of the spirit of superiority so easily tiorned into self-
righteousness, is discovered as early as 1830 in a national attitude toward the European
immigrants who came over in ever increasing numbers until by 1913 the annual arrivals
were over a million. A consciousness of superiority constantly tended to exalt the earlier
Americans and to put the immigrants into a class by themselves, until it became an
obvious deterrent and was responsible for several social maladjustments.

First, for our tardiness in passing protective legislation. Since every approach to labor
problems in the United States had to do with immigrants because they form the bulk of
the wage-earning population, it eventually came to be considered patriotic to oppose gov-
ernmental measures for workman's compensation, for unemployment insurance, and for
old-age security. Over-crowded tenements, sweating systems, a high infant death-rate,
and many another familiar aspect of unregulated industry also became associated in the
public mind with the immigrant. Unlike the impassioned study of poverty made in Eng-
land during the '80's, resulting in the belief that a representative government was per-
forming its legitimate function when it considered such matters, we in the United States,
in the very same decade, found an alibi for all of our disturbing industrial problems and
put them off on the immigrant.

William Penn affords an antithesis of all this, and presents a direct method of avoid-
ing the difficulties of self -righteousness in his relations with the aliens who confronted
him the North American Indians, for more than a century regarded by the New Eng-
land colonies as untamed savages. His 1682 treaty with them, impressively consummated
by two self-respecting political entities, was made as between equals and was mutually

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 11

binding. Moreover, he assured the non-English settlers in his colony the Dutch, the
Swedes, and the Germans, that "you shall be governed by laws of your own making, and
live a free and if you will, sober and industrious people", and each group at once received
the franchise. The laborers, who represented many European nationalities, were to be
provided for at the expiration of their terms of service. The despised negro was to be free
after fourteen years, and furnished land, tools, and stock. William Penn manumitted his
own slaves in 1701. Such was his confidence in his fellowman that he gave to his con-
glomerate colony the first constitution in the world which provided for its own amend-
ment.

Our national self-righteousness might be indicted for another policy towards labor
the widespread belief that differing opinions may be controlled by force. European im-
migrants have been held responsible for strikes and other industrial disorders, since it was
assumed that they held all sorts of belief contrary to basic American doctrines. There-
fore, to scatter strikers by the police and even by the militia and the regulars came to
be considered a patriotic duty. Yet William Penn reached the conclusion when he was
imprisoned in the Tower as a young man that real protection lay in mutual understand-
ing and confidence; "that love and persuasion have more force than weapons of war".
He stood for this conviction when in the vast wilderness stretching around him groups
of white settlers were being attacked and sometimes massacred by the Indians.

A third result of our national attitude toward the immigrant is that we have be-
come indifferent to the protection of human life. Unfortunately the earliest outbreaks
of gang violence in Chicago more or less typical of those throughout the country were
associated with colonies of immigrants. Although we all knew that the bootleggers and
other racketeers could not have continued without political protection, the community
was slow to act, because so long as the Sicilians, who composed the first powerful boot-
legging gang, killed only one another, it was considered of little consequence. From
January, 1928, to January, 1932, we had in Chicago 232 gang killings, in which the
law-enforcing agencies failed to bring even one to trial. Such preferential treatment of
crime an obvious symptom of a breakdown in democratic government may be an
indirect result of an unjustifiable habit of considering one hiiman being of less conse-
quence than another. Never was William Penn's ideal of religion, founded upon fratern-
ity and righteousness, so sorely needed.

This leads quite naturally to the fourth indictment arising out of our attitude toward
the immigrant our dilemma in regard to prohibition. Because the Simon-pure American
did make an exception of himself, he often voted for laws which he would like to see
enforced upon others without any intention of keeping them himself. Many Southern
men voted for the Eighteenth Amendment because they wanted to keep drink away
from the negro; other Northern men, because they needed sober immigrant labor. Wil-
liam Penn set an example even here. He did not sell liquor to the Indians because of the
terms of an agreement which they had t'oluntarily entered into with him. In one more
instance he had achieved his purpose by the moral cooperation of those he was trying
to serve, and of course there is no other way.

Another aspect of our national self-righteousness, much more sinister in its influence,
is the demand for conformity on pain of being denounced as a "red" or a "traitor". Per-
haps never before in our history has there been within the framework of orderly govern-
ment such impatience with differing opinion. Such a stultifying situation is more
than ever dangerous just now when the nation needs all the free and vigorous thinking
which is available. To illustrate the danger of holding fast to a social concept which is
no longer useful, but which has not yet been superseded by the new, because the new
one is considered dangerous, Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler said within recent weeks to
the students of Columbia University, "We are living in the backwash of ultra na-
tionalism following the Great War, ignoring the fundamental and controlling fact that
the world today is an international world". He also quoted the concluding words of a

12 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

report signed by leading members of the Finance Committee of the League of Nations:
"It may be truly said that international trade is gradually being strangled to death. If
the process continues, millions of people in this economically interlocked world must
inevitably die of starvation." Would it not be humiliating for a world to starve in the
midst of a plethora of food because the constructive and collective intelligence of man-
kind was unable to make a distinction between political nationalism and economic in-
ternationalism, and serenely sacrificed the latter to the first!

The corrective supplied by William Penn on this point is very clear. Nothing
could have been more difficult in his day and generation than his long advocacy of
religious freedom that each man must worship God in his own way. Religion, it is
only fair to remember, was the absorbing interest of the 17th centxuy. Dynasties rose
and fell upon theological issues, and great families disappeared when they found them-
selves on the side of the oppressed instead of the oppressor. William Penn took his stand
for the freedom of worship of all sects, for the Roman Catholics, no less than for the
Quakers. With invincible courage he put the truth as God gave him to see the truth to
the test of action, in the new world among alien Indians, as well as in the old.

One could make a long list of William Penn's advances beyond his contemporaries.
In education, he was expelled from Oxford, because the Universities saw that the
inspirational preacher might interfere with the stiff scholasticism which produced their
dull and learned clergy. Regarding the education of children he expressed ideas which
might easily be ascribed to John Dewey or Bertrand Russell. In international affairs we
have hardly caught up to him yet. A hundred years before the thirteen colonies were
federated, for example, he had worked out a plan for a "Dyet or Parliament of Europe
to settle trouble between nations without war". William Penn appealed from tradition
to experience; from intrenched authority to life, and in his absorbed devotion to his
colony, calmly followed his own rule, "Though there is a regard due to education and
the tradition of our fathers, Truth will ever deserv^e, as well as claim, the preference".
In this spirit he suppressed the hunting of witches, declared the spiritual equality of men
and women, reduced from two hundred to two the number of offences punishable by
death, declared that all prisons would be workshops, and literally taxed slavery out of
existence. Such right thinking and courageous acting is doubtless what we need at this
moment more than anything else. Sir Arthur Salter, in a recent number of Foreign
Affairs, believes that the choice before the world today is between trying to build up
world trade, based on world order, or moving further toward a system of closed units,
each aiming to be self-sufficient. The choice of the United States in this world decision
has come to have an undue influence, and yet we all know that there exists an over-
whelming danger that America may leave unaided and thus unwantonly cripple the
supreme political effort of these later centuries the effort to make international relations
more rational and human. Several years ago at Williamstown, Arnold To3^nbee boldly
warned us against what he described as a rather low type of religion the worship of
some sixty or seventy gods called Sovereign National States, declaring that such idolatr}'^
of nationalism was not patriotism but suicide.

I find it a great temptation to conclude with an exhortation to those who represent a
seat of learning; certainly the scholar, who is always impatient of intellectual apathy and
incapacity, may find a formula which shall preserve "that spirit of naionality in which
for many years the aspirations of man for liberty and free development have found their
expression, and yet prevent the abuse of that nationality which now threatens with de-
struction all that it has given or promised". Is it not true that the contemporary world,
based upon the search for private profit and for national advantage, has come in con-
flict with the newer principle of social welfare and the zeal for practical justice in our
human affairs? Must we wait for another William Penn to show us the unique oppor-
timity it affords once more to make politics further the purposes of religion and to purge
religion itself from all taint of personal and national self-righteousness?

CHRISTIAN EDUCATION

Dr. J. R. McCain

Agnes Scott is in name at least a Christian College. It was founded specifically for
the purpose of giving Christian education, and it would now have little excuse for its
appeal for support if it were not for this element in its program.

What is Christian Education? Is it denominational in purpose? Not at all. Agnes
Scott is sympathetically related to the Presbyterian Church, being classified as an af-
filiated Presbyterian College, and it serves that denomination remarkably well; but its
purpose is broader than that. It is specifically stated in the Agnes Scott charter that no
one may ever be denied admission to the College on the ground of religious beliefs or the
lack of them.

Is education Christian when it is propagandist in character and seeks through its or-
ganization and curriculum to change the faith of those who are not professing Christians?
No, the College brings no pressure to secure uniformity of belief. A college of high
intellectual standing must have an atmosphere of religious freedom.

Is a college Christian because it has ministers on its Board of Trustees, or be-
cause it has a Department of Bible and requires courses in it for graduation, or because
it lays stress on attending chapel, or the like? No, these are all valuable, but they do
not reach the heart of the matter. The simple addition of one of these elements or all
of them, to an institution otherwise secular will not make the essential difference.

How then may a college be Christian? What will make it so? The faculty and
officers are the greatest factor in the solution. Men and women who have had Christian
experiences themselves are the best aids for young people. Not every teacher must be
one who will lead in public prayer or be active as a Sunday School worker; but the pres-
ence of even one who is a skeptic or who is critical of Christianity may easily spoil the
whole atmosphere. It is important that all be in harmony with the ideals and Christian
purpose of the institution; and it is quite necessary that here be at least a few who are
warm, glowing Christian characters. At Agnes Scott we expect our teachers to believe
in the Bible and to accept the atonement as the way of salvation, but we minimize
theological beliefs in comparison with actual Christian experience.

A secondary important factor in making and keeping a college Christian is the com-
ing of students from Christian homes. There may be a considerable sprinkling of girls
who are from other faiths and of those who are indifferent, but the contact of students
with students is almost as important as that of faculty with students. Unless there are
devoted and loyal and Christian girls to set the pace of thought and service at Agnes
Scott, the Institution cannot maintain its religious ideals. We have been very fortunate
in having such students year after year.

A third factor is in the atmosphere of the place. Opportunities for worship and for
self exipression on the part of those who love the Lord are necessary. A harmony of
courses through the curriculum is important, so that there is no clashing of interpreta-
tion as between science and the Bible, for example. All of the work must be done
in a spirit of reverence for God and dependence on Him. The Christian element must
permeate the whole student atmosphere. It must be mixed with other elements as soda
must be in good biscuits, to use a homely example. The Christian element cannot be
added as you cover a cake with icing.

It is no easy task to keep a college Christian, but it is one of the greatest privileges
and opportunitise which can come to any group of workers. A real combination of high
intellectual activity and simple faith is difficult, but it is one of the most important
in the world today. There has never been a greater need than now for really Christian
education. It is our hope through the years to have Agnes Scott just such an institution
as those "who have gone on before" may wish for their daughters.

AGNES SCOTT ON THE AIR

Mary Catherine Williamson, '31

There is probably no medium of advertising quite as effective as that which "comes
over the air." Large business enter'prises have felt the value of radio advertising and
have spent vast sums of money for the privilege of bringing their product before the
public in this way. We alumnae of Agnes Scott do not have to sell our products for
our Alma Mater, but we do have to sell to prospective students our faith and the
reason for our pride. Our audience may be limitless or it may be comparatively small.
There are a great many people in Georgia who know about Agnes Scott, or have heard
of it in a general way. It is the business of the alumnae to let people know more about
the College, to give them a sight of what is going on on the inside. So it has been the
plan of the radio publicity phase of the good works of the alumnae to show as many
sides of college life as were possible over the air.

Up to June we presented four unusual programs. Dr. McCain started off the series
by giving one of his fine talks. The next broadcast featured Dorothy Hutton, '29, who
gave a most comprehensive and delightful talk on "What's Going on on the Campus".
Lillian Herring, '34, and Mr. Dieckmann supplied the music for this occasion. The
next broadcast was the first act of Barrie's "Quality Street", given by Blackfriars under
the direction of Miss Gooch. "Pinafore" was presented in a revised form on the next
program, under the direction of Gussie (O'Neal) Johnson, ex-'ll. After both of these
presentations, announcements were made of the time and place of presentation on the
campus.

During the summer months we had representatives from the College who were avail-
able after the close of school. Mr. George Winship, a member of the Board of Tmstees,
spoke on the "Building Program of Agnes Scott". Mr. Winship is the only member of
the Board who has made an appearance over the Agnes Scott programs, but we hope to
add many more to our list. During the middle of the summer, it was decided to have
an educational talk by some member of the faculty presented on alternate Saturday
evenings. Miss Florence Smith started off the series with a splendid talk on the "Con-
gressional Powers Vested in Lincoln and Roosevelt". Dr. Raper appeared two weeks
later on the subject "We're in the Depression What Has Sociology to Offer?" Dr.
George Hayes gave an excellent and timely speech on "The Place of the Library in the
Liberal Arts College". Miss Catherine Torrance spoke on "Greek in the Modern Col-
lege". Dr. Davidson gave a talk on "Roosevelt's Latin-American Policy". All of these
discussions, presented in an informal way, should have been interesting and informative
to anyone listening in. Carol (Stearns) Wey, '12, gave a talk on the field of welfare work
as a vocation for college women. The Music Department was represented by Mr. Dieck-
mann, Miss Bartholomew, and Agnes (Adams) Stokes, '22. Air. Dieckmann appeared
several times with assisting artists in two piano recitals, once as piano soloist, and once
in a program of his own compositions. His contribution to the Agnes Scott broadcasts
cannot be too highly appreciated by all the alumnae. Piano music for the broadcasts
was supplied by Lillian Clement, '27; Louise Hollingsworth, '32; Willa Beckham, '33,
and Mary Catherine Williamson, '31. Frances (Gilliland) Stukes, '24, appeared several
times during the summer in vocal recitals. Evelyn Wall, a special student at A. S. C,
appeared twice during the summer. The kind and gracious cooperation of all these people
has done much to alleviate the strain of going on the air". It meant a great deal to me
to know that the people I had asked had enough poise not to faint of microphone fright,
and that they would be prompt and punctual at the studio.

Electrically speaking, our opportunities now are just ten times as great as they were
on the night of the last broadcast in September. The voltage of the WSB transmitter has
been increased from 5,000 to 50,000 watts, and that station now is one of the largest in
this country. Our opportunities are greater for reaching a wider audience and our
programs will no longer be limited to nearby Georgia towns, but will reach many states.

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 15

From the comments received in the last few months, the programs have appealed to
a wide circle of people, and have been heard by a great many. Our fan mail doesn't
require the services of a secretary to answer, but your verbal comments please us just
as much. All we want to know is: Did you hear the program? Did yovi enjoy it? Have
you any suggestions?

Alumnae lend us your ears!

AFTER COLLEGE WHAT?

Kathryn McHale
(General Director American Association of University Women)

This is a query common in the experience of all college women. Membership in the
American Association of University Women offers one answer. It gives college women a
medium through which to carry on their social-cultural interests in out-of-school life.

Devoting itself to the aims of vmiting alumnae of different institutions for practical
work in the maintenance of high cultural standards in the community, state, and nation,
the Association since 1882 has developed from a group of 65 women to an organization of
approximately 40,000 women. It is represented in 612 communities in the United States
and in 37 countries of the world in its affiliation with the International Federation of
University "Women. Its national headquarters is in 1634 I Street, N. W., Washington,
a building which was formerly the Russian Embassy. The headquarters of the Interna-
tional Federation of University Women is in Crosby Hall, London, the former home of
Sir Thomas Moore. The hospitality of these two beautiful buildings, Reid Hall in Paris,
and the club-houses throughout the United States and Europe is extended to members
who are traveling.

Membership is restricted to the graduates of 247 of the 650 institutions of higher
learning open to women. These institutions have approved academic standards and ob-
serve the principle of equity in the recognition of women. Through its standardization
work, the influence of the Association on behalf of high standards in the collegiate edu-
cation of women has been felt for more than fifty years.

The Association will welcome to membership the graduates of this institution which
is one of the 247 approved. Membership can be general or branch.

Members of the Association have been disciplined in the field of organized and formal
learning and it is expected that they will continvie learning, will continue to seek new
knowledge that will bring to them further understanding of themselves, their families,
and the social-economic-cultural-political institutions of the world, and that they will
apply this knowledge in practical ways as their contribution to the making of a finer
civilization. This serious purpose is carried out in the 612 branch programs in a spirit
that is health-giving and truly recreative.

The A. A. U. W. demonstrates its practical idealism in the fellowships that it has
established to encourage women to devote themselves to scientific work and scholarly
pursuits. From modest beginnings, when the first fellowship of $500 was granted in
1890, there has been a steady advance until the Association now awards twelve fellow-
ships annually, ranging in value from $1,000 to $2,000. The Assciation membership is
therefore supporting a campaign for a million dollar fund to endow 25 more fellowships
for women.

The Association publishes a quarterly Journal, subscription to which is included in
national membership dues. The Journal keeps members posted concerning Association
affairs, and also carries articles on current trends in education and other matters which
concern the educated woman in this changing modern world.

"Dreams, books, are each a ivorld; and books, tve know
Are a substantial tvorld." Wordsworth.

At intervals it is necessary that one escape from the world which is made of one's own
particular environment. The same people, the same streets prove boring after too many
days; one's own world seems the only world and one forgets that there are other streets
and other people; and one goes on one's daily rounds restless and disinterested. One
seeks escape through dreams, travel, books. Dreams are illusive and transparent; travel
is not always accessible; but books are real and within easy reach. Books introduce one to
new and interesting people and to varied and colorful places. I recommend the following
books, for they are unique and substantial worlds.

Modern England is the world which John Galsworthy portrays in his last novel,
One More River (Scribners, 1933). The book is real, because its characters are facing
the present economic depression; it is human because of the love interest which is its
theme; it is interesting because of John Galsworthy's excellent technique, his vivid
character portrayal, and his treatment of the girl who crosses "one more river" to a
happy landing. In this book the reader gets an excellent picture of British politics,
business, and courts. One can steam into London from Ceylon, see "Cavalcade" at the
Driu"y Lane Theatre, and wander about Oxford "at random, choosing the narrower ways
and coming suddenly on colleges and long, old walls." One can also become acquainted
with the personalities of Galsworthy's interesting characters.

Dinny Cherrell is a young woman who is confronted with the difficult, but not un-
usual, problem of having to forget the man to whom she "had surrendered in soul if
not in body". She sublimates her love for him in her family's interests particularly
those of her sister, Clare, who had left her sadistic husband, Sir Gerald Corven, in Cey-
lon and returned home alone. Clare's revolt against Gerald's cruel nature and its ultimate
outcome form a frame for Dinny's victorious crossing of "the river" to find the young
lawyer, Eustace Dornford. Tony Croom meets Clare on the ship returning from Ceylon
and falls in love with her. Tony is a dependable and faithful young man a character
well worth knowing. Besides these personages there are others of less importance who
add color to the interesting situations in the novel.

The England that John Galsworthy wrote about in his book and the unusual characters
that he introduced are vivid and substantial enough to entertain and afford a delightful
escape.

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 17

Another type of world is described by Louis Bromfield in his new book, The Farm
(Harper and Brothers, 1933) . The history of the mid-western community which is well-
known to the author is written for the purpose of portraying pioneer America to the
people who were born after the World War. Louis Bromfield dedicates his book to
Anne and Hope and Ellen so that they may know a little of what it was like to have
lived before 1914, so that they may get the feel of the country as it was thirty years
before they were born, and so they may meet people like Greataunt Jane and Old Jamie
and Zenobia van Essen.

Harold de Wolf Fuller in The Literary Digest for September 9, 193 3, says that "By
his latest novel, Mr. Bromfield becomes the high priest of that considerable group of
writers who recently have expressed fond regret for the things that are no more, and who
desire to escape from the subsequent hodgepodge."

The pages of this book are packed with history and interesting episodes of pioneer
life. The Farm is the home to which the Colonel comes from Maryland. He and his wife
begin the community and their children continue their work. Jamie is the runaway
boy from Pennsylvania who finds his way to the Farm. He falls in love with the Colonel's
daughter, Maria, and marries her. Bromfield has made the life in this community into
a living picture. There is nothing unsubstantial about these sturdy members of this large
family. Johnny, in reality the author, has recaptured a world which all Americans,
whether young or old, will appreciate.

In Maurice O'Sullivan's Twenty Years A-Growing (The Viking Press, 193 3) one
discovers an entirely unknown and unexplored world. It is Old Ireland a unique coun-
try which O'Sullivan has brought to light in his remarkable book. This book which was
only written for the author and his friends' entertainment is as "tender and natural as
the spring which is without fault". It deals with an island which is so far away from
the entire world, that it delights all who read of it. The langviage, as well as the scene, is
unique; and critics highly recommend it. Christopher Morley says of Maurice O'Sullivan,
"The poet in his heart will not perish, and will call up the dying poet in the hearts of
many others. Read this book gratefully; it will live and will help us to live also."

This is the story of a young man's life, the author's, on a small island, the Blasket,
which is located off the southern coast of Ireland. The book contains an account of
O'Sullivan's childhood and of how he left his home to go to Dublin to join the new Irish
police force. "Dances and brawls, fairs and funerals, fishing and hunting, courting and
old wives' tales" appear magical in this book. O'Sullivan describes the beauty of the
island as he saw it: "I went north through the Scornach and down through the fern,
up to my waist in heather and wild flowers, a dizzy ravine above and beneath me and
the sea far below dashing against the rocks. There was nothing beneath my feet but the
blue sea, and the slightest stumble would have sent me headlong as sauce for the crabs
below." He feels the joy of living and makes his reader feel it also. His use of Irish
terms like "Musha" and of new phrases like his "old shred of an ewe tripped up and
came tumbling head over heels like a snowball" or "Isn't it you have the great shell of
flesh?" shocks one, but not unpleasantly. There is nothing but joy and beauty in this
book, and the reader is bound to have some of it transmitted to himself. One can think
of no better description of the book than that of E. M. Forster: "Here is the egg of a sea-
bird lovely, perfect, and laid this very morning."

Modern England, Pioneer America, Native Ireland! Here are three worlds that three
authors have created for readers. Don't be afraid to run away awhile. The experiences of
standing on a dizzy ravine, riding west in an old, shaky wagon, and canvassing for
an English election will leave the reader much refreshed afterwards.

Penelope Brown is again working for
the College, interesting prospective stu-
dents in coming to Agnes Scott. This year
she plans to visit fewer places and to spend
more time in these places. Alumnae are
asked to cooperate with Penny in arrang-
ing times for her to talk to the schools,
in correcting lists of local alumnae (this
information is to be used for a new di-
rectory at an early date), and in getting
alumnae together for informal meetings
which will give them a contact with Agnes
Scott.

Radio Programs sponsored by Agnes
Scott are to be broadcast Wednesday of
each week from 6:30 to 6:45 P. M., Central
Time. These programs will feature alum-
nae and faculty speakers and muscians.
Tune in on Agnes Scott for a weekly con-
tact with your Alma Mater!

Statistics on Dues for the 1932-1933 ses-
sion show that 432 alumnae paid their
yearly membership dues for last year, and
8 faculty members joined the Association.
Since Agnes Scott now boasts of 1,274
graduates, it is fair to estimate that prac-
tically 33 per cent of our graduates main-
tain membership in the Alumnae Associa-
tion. The fact that membership is ex-
tended to non-graduates as well as to grad-
uates makes this percentage only fairly
accurate. These paid members plus an ex-
change list of 37 names and a list of 49
life members of the Association comprised
the mailing list for 1932-1933.

A Mayorial Candidate for Election in
Marietta, Ga., is an Agnes Scott alumna.
Virginia Crosby, who attended the Acad-
emy and the Institute at Agnes Scott,
is in such a race this year.

Reasons for Not Attending Agnes Scott

were given in the following order: money,
entrance requirements ( most specifically
Latin) ; the absence of sororities.

An Attendance Decrease of But Twenty
Students has occurred for the present ses-
sion as compared with 1932-1933. The day
students this year exceed the boarding
students, requiring a change of program
of student activities. A greater participa-
tion by day students in campus life has
been noted in the past few years. Last
year five major offices were held by day
students.

A New Library Building seems to be the
greatest campus need in the way of equip-
ment today. When this building becomes
an actuality, the present building is to be
converted into a club and student activi-
ties building.

The Music and Fine Arts Building, which
is to be financed by tihe College, by the
General Education Board, and by the
Pressor Foundation, will not be built this
year. The College share of one-fourth and
the General Education Board share of one-
fourth is on hand. The Pressor Founda-
tion, which is bearing 50 per cent of the
expenses for lihis structure, has postponed
its contribution, since it is this year donat-
ing its funds to relief work in Philadel-
phia.

Time Expires in July for payment of
pledges made during the last campaign.

More Than 50 Per Cent of 1933 have al-
ready been placed in positions. Dr. Mc-
Cain feels tha,t this speaks well for their
ability, faced as we are with the present
business crisis.

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

19

The Alumnae House has excited much
admiration this session, thanks to its fresh
paint and paper, which were made pos-
sible by the generosity of the Trustees of
the College. Other improvements include
new rugs and curtains and clean shades.
It is hoped that many alumnae will be
back this year on inspection.

A Tea for New Students was sponsored
by the Alumnae Association at the Alum-
nae House at the opening of the session.
Eighty-three new students attended.

The Granddaughters' Club has eight
new members this session: Lucile Cairns,
daughter of Lucile (Colclough) Cairns, In-
stitute; Fanny Bachman Harris, daughter
of Lillie Bell (Bachman) Harris, ex-'09;
Dorothy Lee, daughter of Clara (Rusk)
Lee, Institute; Ora Muse, daughter of
Eliza (MacDonald) Muse, ex-'ll; Barton
Jackson, daughter of Clyde (McDaniel)
Jackson, '10; Martha Johnson, daughter of
Ruth (Dolly) Johnson, Special; Virginia
Ethel Gaines, daughter of Ethel (Alex-
ander) Ganes, '00; Kathleen Daniel, daugh-
ter of Kathleen (Kirkpatrick) Daniel, In-
stitute.

Orientation Classes for the Freshmen

were conducted from Wednesday through
Friday of the first week of the new ses-
sion. These classes included hand-book in-
struction on student government regula-
tions; talks on "Friendship", "Budgeting
Time and Money", and "Campus Eti-
quette."

Grandmothers have been abolished, as
were sophomore sisters. In their place are
sponsors from the junior and senior
classes. Each sponsor has two or three
new girls in her group. The sponsors as-
sume responsibility for these students in
seeing that they learn the rules of the
College and get acclimated. Upperclass-
men, as well as freshmen, benefit from
this system, it is felt.

The Clubs Committee and the Garden
Committee are cooperating this year in ob-
taining funds for maintenance of the
Alumnae Garden. Even small donations
from individuals or small g^i'oups will be
gratefully received.

Thirty-One Honor Students were chosen
last year from the freshman, sophomore
and junior classes. This fact, plus the
fact that last year there were more candi-
dates for the local chapter of Phi Beta
Kappa than could be admitted, according
to the restrictions of membership, indica-
tes that Agnes Scott is attracting a super-
ior student body.

Alumnae Influence is given by two-
thirds of the students who enroll at Agnes
Scott as their reason for attending our
Alma Mater. Others are influenced by
Agnes Scott's outstanding standards and
by the location of the College near At-
lanta and its opportunities.

A System of Service Scholarships has

been worked out, since there are so many
students on the campus this session who
have accepted scholarship aid. The serv-
ice rendered by these scholarship students
consists of assisting in the library, in the
laboratories, and in the dormitories by
answering the telephones. The number of
hours of service is regulated according to
classes, freshmen carrying a maximum
of three hours a week.

NRA At Agnes Scott means "no ratting
allowed", according to an interesting and
well-wi-itten student article recently. The
sophomores this year voluntarily abolish-
ed the old custom of ratting the freshmen,
entertaining for them instead. The rivalry
between the classes was maintained only
through the stunts for the Black Cat which
were presented on October 14th.

Class News This Issue brought to light
the following facts: 55 marriages have
been reported since June; 119 changes of
address have occuiTed; 74 alumnae have at-
tended the Century of Progress Exposition
in Chicago this summer and fall; 2 deaths
have occurre^l; 10 alumnae children have
been born; 63 new jobs have opened up
for alumnae; 7 higher degrees have been
awarded during the summer sessions.

A Larger Pencentage of Students Grad-
uate from Agnes Scott than from any
other college in the South.

The Atlanta Club has elected the fol-
lowing officers for the next two years:
Louisa (White) Gosnell, '27, president;
Frances (Craighead) Dwyer, '28, first vice-
president; Dorothy (Haire) Harris, special,
second vice president; Patricia Collins, *28,
recording secretary; Susan (Young)
Eagan, Institute, corresponding secretary;
Mary Ben (Wright) Erwin, '25, treasurer.
On October 26th, the club sponsored a
manufacturers' and distributors' luncheon
at the home of Susan (Young) Eagan. The
September meeting was held at the home
of Mary Elizabeth (Warren) Read, '29,
and the October meeting with Mary Gladys
(Steffner) Kincaid, '29. The club last
year paid up their annual pledge of $250
to the College, and made a gift of $10
to the Alumnae Garden. The club is now
making plans for the bazaar they will give
in December.

The Columbus Club has elected the fol-
lowing officers for the coming year;
Myrtle Blackmon, 21, president; Ruith
Bradford, '30, secretary and treasurer;
Hallie (Alexander) Turner, '18, publicity
chairman. The September meeting was
held at the home of Lillian (Eason) Dun-
can, ex-'09. The October meeting was held
at the home of Mary (Bradley) Cooper,
Academy, with Penelope Brown, '32, as
their special guest and speaker.

The Decatur Club officers for this year
are: Susan (Shadburn) Watkins, '26, presi-
dent; Amelia (Alexander) Greenawalt, '17,
vice president; and Ruth (Brown) Moore,
ex-'13, secretary and treasurer. The Sep-
tember meeting of the club was held at
the Alumnae House. The October meeting
took place at the home of Olivia (Fewell)

Taylor, Institute. In addition to these
monthly meetings the Decatur Club spon-
sored a manufacturers' and distributors'
dinner on the night of October 12th.

The Knoxville Club sent a donation of
$5 to the Alumnae House during the sum-
mer. This was used to buy some new
rugs for the bedrooms.

The New Orleans Club sent a gift of
lovely linen luncheon sets to the Alumnae
Hous(e in June. These are being used in
the Tea Room, and are much admired and
appreciated.

The Business Girls' Group of the At-
lanta Club meets on the third Wednesday
of each month from twelve to two in some
convenJent downtown tea Ijroom. Lucile
Daley, ex-'15, is president of the club this
year.

A Los Angeles, Cal., Club was organized
on October 8th by Elaine Exton, ex-'31.
The local alumnae were invited to call be-
tween the hours of 4:30 to 6:30 P. M.
Those who attended were: Eleanor (Cole-
man) Burchard, '11; Grace (Berry) Luckie,
Academy; Louise Shipp Chick, *08; Betsy
(Thompson) Brennan, ex-'31; Elizabeth
Flinn, '30; Marcia (Meldrim) Fisher; Mary
(Ferguson) Day, '27; Frances (Ansley)
Moon, Institute; Marie (Houston) Du-
Pree, ex-'08; Aldine (Howell) Johnston,
Institute; Mary (Brovra) Cockrell, '30;
Jane Walker, ex-'20; Martha (Ivey) Far-
rell, ex-'26; Alice (Greenlee) Grollman,
'25; and Elaine Exton, ex-'31. The officers
elected for the coming year are: Elaine
Exton, president pro-tem; Elizabeth Flinn,
vice-president; Elizabeth (Thompson)
Brennan, secretary and treasurer. The club
plans to have monthly meetings and is
looking forward to including many alum-
nae near Los Angeles in their club.

Dr. McCain and four of his children at-
tended the Century of Progress Exposi-
tion in Chicago this summer.

Miss Hopkins spent her vacation with
her family in Staunton and Hot Springs,
Virginia.

Miss McKinney and Dr. Sweet made sev-
eral week-end trips to North Carolina dur-
ing the summer.

Mr. Stukes spent the entire summer in
Decatur.

Mrs. Sydenstricker stayed on the campus
this summer.

Mr. and Mrs. Holt visited in Tennessee
for a short time this summer.

Miss Lillian Smith attended the sum-
mer session of the University of Wisconsin.

Miss MacDougall drove to Chicago and
Woodshole, Mass.

Dr. Hayes and his two small daughters
visited his family in Pennsylvania the
early part of the summer. Mrs. Hayes and
their young son were ill dui-ing the sum-
mer, but have now completely recuperated.

Dr. Robinson and his family spent their
vacation at their home in North Carolina.

Miss Torrance spent the summer at
home, except for short trips to Copperhill,
Tenn., and Warm Springs, Ga.

Miss Harn took her young nephew to
the Chicago Exposition. She also visited
Miss Omwake in Washington.

Dr. and Mrs. Davidson and their chil-
dren spent a short while in Mississippi
with relatives.

Dr. and Mrs. Raper and their two little
boys spent the summer vacation in North
Carolina.

Miss Gooch attended the summer ses-
sion of the University of Wisconsin.

Miss Laney, we regret to learn, lost her
mother in June. Deep sympathy is extend-
ed to her and her family in their loss.

Miss Hale and Miss Phythian spent the
summer at Middlebury, Vt.

Miss Jackson stayed at home, in South
Weymouth, Mass.

Miss Westall spent the summer in Ashe-
ville, N. C, with her family.

Dr. and Mrs. Gillespie were in Bryson
City, N. C, most of the summer. Dr.
Gillespie having a church there.

Miss Gaylord spent the summer on the
Continent, visiting friends.

Miss Haynes was at Camp Rockbrook
in Brevard, N. C.

Miss Floi-ence Smith spent the summer
at home. She accompanied the Atlanta
Symphony Orchestra to Junaluska, N. C,
for an appearance there.

Miss Omwake was at home with her fam-
ily in Washington, D. C. She taught on the
summer faculty of the George Washington
University.

Miss Cilley attended the University of
Wisconsin for the summer session.

Miss Hanley spent the summer traveling
in Michigan.

Miss Gwendeline Miller spent her vaca-
tion at home with her parents in Kala-
mazoo, Mich.

Miss Lewis spent the summer in Chi-
cago.

Miss Chi-istie is in Decatur this winter,
finishing her dissertation for her Ph.D.

Trogram for

cAlumnae IjOee^end

FRIDAY, DECEMBER 1, 1933

10:00-10:30 A.M. Chapel.

(Talk to be arranged by the Book Committee)

10:30-11:30A. U.The Cuban Situation.

Miss Florence Smith, Agnes Scott College.

11:30-12:30 P.M. Fundamentals of Child Rearing.
Dr. W. W. Young, Atlanta, Ga.

12:30- 1 : 3 P. M. Luncheon in White House Dining Room.

(Alumnae are guests of the College. Reservations
must be made through the Alumnae Office by
Wednesday, November 29th.)

1:30- 2:30 P. M. Monet and Cezanne.

Mrs. Harold Bush-Brown, Atlanta, Ga.

2:30- 3 : 3 P. tA. Macbeth.

Dr. George P. Hayes, Agnes Scott College.

3:30- 6:00 P. M. Book Exhibit in Main Building.

(Arranged through the courtesy of Miss Janef
Preston and Miss Louise McKinney, Agnes Scott
College.)

8:30 P. M. Dance Recital.

Miss Isabel Cooper, Bryn Mawr College.
(Under the auspices of the Agnes Scott Lecture
Association. Admission by season ticket or by
admission fee of 75c for alumnae, if tickets are
bought through the Alumnae office.)

10:00 P. M. Reception in Main Building for Miss Isabel Cooper.
(Alumnae are guests of the Lecture Association.)

SATURDAY, DECEMBER 2, 193 3
8:00-10:00 A. M. Visiting classes in Buttrick Hall.

10:00-10:30 A. M. Chapel.

10:30-12:30P.M. Visiting Classes in Buttrick Hall.
4:00- 6:00 P. M. Annual Alumnae Home-Coming Tea.

I

ALUMNAE OFF'fc|gt

QlUft^l^

Hlumriae <2^ttarterlp

ilanuar^. 1934

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Published in Nov., Jan., April and July by the Agnes Scott Alumnae Association
Vol. XII JANUARY, 1934 No. 2

Table of Contents

The Alumnae Garden Frontispiece

Reports from Southern Colleges 3

Dr. J. R. McCain

World Trends 5

Walter Lippmann

The Fellowship Program of the American Association of

University Women 7

Dorothy (Bridgman) Atkinson

The Continuity of the University Tradition 8

Dr. Florence E. Smith

"And You, Mademoiselle? Unfortunately, You Will Be in Lyon." ... 11

Martha Crowe, '27

Books 15

Margaret (Bland) Sewell, '20

The Alumnae Week-End in Retrospect 20

Fannie G. (Mayson) Donaldson, '12

Alumnae Back at Agnes Scott for Thanksgiving Week-End 21

News from the Alumnae Office 22

Class News 24

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REPORTS FROM SOUTHERN COLLEGES

Dr. J. R. McCain

The Southern Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools recently held its annual
meeting in Nashville, Tennessee. As some of our alumnae know, Agnes Scott has held
for some years the very responsible chairmanship of the Committee on Triennial Reports.
It is this committee which reviews the records of all member colleges and universities,
and which seeks to enforce the standards of the Association. There is an immense amount
of work connected with this position, but the College has felt that the contacts gained
and perhaps the service rendered might justify the time which is expended.

A summary of the reports this year, in a few phases of the work, may not be in-
appropriate. There are one hundred and thirty colleges or universities in the Association.
Seventy of these gave full reports this year, but the whole number furnished information
on some important topics, so that we were able to secure a general picture of the present
situation.

The financial difficulties have hampered the operation of many of the colleges and
universities, but they have not proved to be as desperate as some of us had feared. Eighty-
seven of the institutions operated on a balanced budget last year, even though it was
much reduced over previous sessions. Sixty-five of the members, exactly half, are free
of mdebtedncss of any kind; but thirty more have only slight obligations, leaving thirty-
five which are in serious diffculty.

All but twenty of the institutions in the Association have found it necessary to
reduce salaries somewhat. In some cases the cuts have run as high as forty or fifty per
cent, but a majority have not gone beyond twenty per cent. There is general optimism
that we are reaching this year the low level of reductions and that the next session
ought to witness improvement.

The attendance at our various institutions this year amounts to about one hundred
and twelve thousand men and women. This is less than five per cent decrease from
the highest record of attendance which was made in 1929. In that year, there were
enrolled m the same institutions about one hundred and seventeen thousand young people.
One of the encouraging signs of the day is the fact that people still believe that educa-
tion is worth sacrifice.

Much time of the Committee on Triennial Reports was taken in a careful study
of some of the weak points in our present-day education. One of these weaknesses is in
connection with correspondence and extension work. While only twenty-six of our
institutions give very many courses in these fields, yet they are generally among our
largest universities, and their influence is demoralizing to the smaller colleges. Some
of the universities will allow as much as fifty per cent of the work required for the B.A.
degree to be done in extra-campus activities. The Southern Association took definite

4 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

steps to limit the work that may be done in these specialized fields. It ruled that not
over twenty-five per cent of the requirement for the degree might be taken by cor-
respondence or extension, or both, and that the time given by faculty members should
be included in their regular academic schedule and that any remuneration for such
work should be regarded as a part of the regular salary of the teacher concerned.

Another weak point in our educational program has to do with summer schools. Our
investigation showed that it is far easier to make credits during the summer, that the
classes are relatively larger, that the teachers are more poorly paid, and that in general
there is a laxness in the enforcing of standards. Steps were taken by the Association to
remedy all of these difficulties also.

Under the direction of the Committee on Triennial Reports, there is being under-
taken for the next year a study of athletics in all of the institutions in the South which
have outstanding football teams. For the present, we are not undertaking to investigate
the hiring of players or general abuses of the game, but we are planning to check very
carefully the entrance preparation of each player and the course of study which he is
taking in college. In other words, we are seeking to ascertain whether the football stars
are taking a real educational program or whether they are being allowed to slip through
easily.

As we view the difficulties which many of the institutions in the South are facing,
we cannot be too grateful that Agnes Scott is nor encumbered with many of the edu-
cational burdens which make life miserable for administrators and faculty members in
many colleges. The fact that we give only one degree, that we have no summer school
or graduate work, that we give no courses in correspondence or extension, and that we
undertake no professional training, certainly gives us many advantages.

The Committee on Triennial Reports receives thousands of letters during the course
of twelve months, and many of these are of general interest. In closing this article, I
would like to quote from a recent message sent by a college president:

"When the history of these times has been written, it is my firm conviction that the
contribution of the colleges of the country will be about the most valuable of the con-
tributions made by any of our social institutions. In them has been less despair and more
hope, less timidity and more courage, less pessimistic defeatism and more faith in the
worth of what they are trying to do. In a word, with a steady loyalty they have kept at
the job of saving the youth of today from the forces that have broken the spirit of their
elders, and they have furnished something substantial to build on for tomorrow."

WORLD TRENDS

Walter Lippmann

(From his address at the recent Conference on Current Problems held in New York City. Published
here through the courtesy of the Alumni Features Service)

This has been a long crisis. For those of us who are now in middle age virtually the
whole of our adult lives has been spent amidst the disturbances, the threats and the
dangers of this crisis. There were a few years, say from 1924 to 1929, when it seemed as
if the earthquake of 1914 was over, that the ground beneath our feet had ceased to
tremble, and that in our Western world at least the destruction was being repaired,
the wounds were healing, and men had resumed the works of p>eace. We now know that
then there came upon us convulsions greater than any for which we were prepared.

Only two other generations of Americans, those who made the Republic between
1776 and say 1810, and those who held it together between 1861 and 18 80, have really
known what it meant to have to defend the very foundations of civilized living against
a breakdown into the anarchy of separated quarreling groups. It is difficult to over-
estimate the nervous strain to which responsible men and women have been subjected
in these twenty years. Think back to 1914, and then realize the tremendous demands
which have been made upon human energy: the huge miseries of the Great War; the
enormous complications of peacemaking; the revolutions in continental Europe; the first
slow reconstruction in the Twenties; the breakdown in 1929; the panics and revolutions
which have swept mankind. With such unremitting strains upon the moral reserves of
our leaders, we are not to be astonished that statesmen have become confused and that
the peoples have again and again acted as if they were more than a little mad.

It is this state of mind which is really the dominating fact of the crisis. If men all
over the world were calm, collected, and willing to trust leaders who follow reason, it
would not be difficult to make all the necessary adjustments to insure peace and set the
world's economy going. There have been plenty of projects proposed which would have
worked in a world where men were disposed to accept them. They have not worked be-
cause they were submitted to peoples who were too frightened, too hysterical and too
distracted to understand them and to cooperate in realizing them. This, at least, is the
main thing which I have learned from the crisis, and upon that conclusion I base what
little understanding I have been able to attain as to how we must proceed to surmount
the crisis.

Let me illustrate what I mean by our own experience in the last fifteen months. There
is very good statistical evidence which goes to prove that,, as a purely economic phe-
nomenon the world depression reached its low pome ih the rriid-sunjirner of 1932, and
that in all the leading countries a very slow but nevertheless real .recovery "'peg^p. But
by the time the recovery had begun, there had been such an, accumulation ot" misery and
fear, the morale of peoples, their confidence in their leaders and in. t'ht, accepted policies,
had been so strained that they could not wait patie,ntlv, for the very, -slow processes of
recovery to work themselves out. In the United States,: i;b.Svie^k,;onJy of our own affairs,
patience was exhausted, panic seized the people, and the i-^coviej'y-of 'cliip/summer of 1932
was not only halted but turned by a popular stampede in the winter of 193 3 into some-
thing very near a catastrophe. By the end of February all enterprise was paralyzed, all
confidence was gone.

It was under such conditions that the new Administration took office. The situation
was much too complicated to be dealt with by a Plan. What the President did was more
realistic, more truly statesmanlike than that. He made it his first business to prove to
the people that they had in Washington a government that could govern. In the first
hundred days he implanted that conviction in the minds of the American nation and in
the minds of all the world. The impression was driven home that there was no vested
interest so powerful that it could block the action of the government; no dogma so deep-
seated that it could prevent a bold experiment; no important group of people whose
problems the government was not prepared to take in hand.

3 / i- ^ <^

6 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

The greatness of the performance must be measured by its scope, its spirit and its
vitahty. At the end of February we were a congeries of disorderly, panic-stricken mobs
and factions. In the hundred days from March to June we became again an organized
nation confident of our power to provide for our own security and to control our own
destiny. It was a triumphant achievement.

The secret of the American attack on this crisis does not lie in the N. R. A., in
the Agricultural Act or in the inflation or in any of the other specific policies that have
been adopted. It lies in the revival of the American spirit through the conquest of fear.

I do not think that we need to apologize to ourselves for insisting that it is not statis-
tical calculations, economic theories, or technical procedure, important as they are, but
the attainment of inoral unity among free men T\'hich is raising us out of the depths of
despair and confusion.

We have to work our way out because we are indomitable, having fixed it clearly
in our minds that in a country so richly endowed, with a nation so full of vital energy,
there can be no collapse through any cause except the demoralization of the people. It
was demoralization that brought us to the verge of ruin last winter. It was demoraliza-
tion that we overcame last spring. Unless we again become demoralized, the enterprise of
the people working through collective understandings will carry us through to safety
and well-being.

It is in this same spirit that we must shape our action in the greater crisis which
prevails outside our own frontiers. That it is a dangerous crisis no man who realizes
the condition of things in the Far East and in Central Europe will have much doubt. The
awful truth is that the peace of the world hangs in the balance.

It is not by diplomatic formulae and by conventions and treaties that such a crisis
can be overcome. It is only by the moral unity of all those nations which wish to keep
the peace and to preserve for themselves and their children the standards of liberty and
human decency. The forces of order in the world are still more powerful than the forces
of chaos. But only if they are united. The question as to whether there is to be war
or peace in Europe or in Asia will depend, therefore, on whether the strength of those
who wish peace is or is not unmistakably greater than the strength of those who might
gamble on an appeal to force.

We can well remember that there are many dictatorships in the world today, but
none in the old democracies. The Fascists and Communists have overthrown new un-
certain democracies; elsewhere th,ey have been repulsed. Lenin founded his dictatorship
on the ruins of Czarisrq; M^vsspl,iqi ,:^ciunded his in a country which had barely achieved
its national unity; Plitler ovei threw a republic which was half -strangled from the hour
of its birth, But in the old democracies of Scandinavia, of France, of Switzerland, of
Holland, of Great, Britairt, of the Dominions, of the United States, among the peoples
who have livecj' undeir the heritage of liberalism for a century or more, the systems of
ordered liberty itmain. Tbc.Saplings of democracy have been uprooted, but the old trees
whose roots are de^p in the coil art' weathering the storm.

Never fear. The day will come when the democracies of Europe and America will
be able to say, as Pitt said of England in the crisis of the Revolution and the wars of
his days: "We have saved ourselves by our own exertions, and the world by our example."

THE FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM OF THE AMERICAN
ASSOCIATION OF UNIVERSITY WOMEN

Dorothy (Bridgman) Atkinson
(Chairman of the Fellowship Endowmenl Committee ot the American Association of

University Women)

Fellowships have always played an important part in the program of the A. A. U. W.
It is an interesting and true fact that over fifty years ago the founders had the vision to
establish the Association on basic principles which, although adapted to the changing
times, still guide. Founded in the days when higher education for women was not
generally accepted, when many institutions did not admit women, especially to courses
leading to advanced degrees, these women recognized that if general education for women
were to prove successful, the whole ernphasis must not be placed upon quantity educa-
tion but the potential scholar of distinction must be encouraged and given an opportun-
ity. As a practical demonstration of this belief in 1890 the first fellowship was awarded.
The conditions indicate the high standard established, for the successful candidate must
have met all the requirements for the doctor of philosophy degree, with the possible
exception of the completion of her dissertation; also this was a European fellowship tak-
ing the recipient to a foreign country. Thus early were the three major interests of the
Association indicated education, international relations, and fellowships.

The keen interest which members took in the awarding of this fellowship is evident
in some reports of the '90s. When the growing organization appealed for funds to sup-
port a general secretary, some branches, not able to contribute to both, preferred to
support the fellowship. That interest has persisted, for today as then the membership
cherishes this opportunity to encourage advanced scholarship.

During the next forty years the number of fellowships annually awarded gradually
increased. Some memorial fellowships were established within the Association; several
outside organizations, wishing to give a fellowship and recognizing the ability of the
award committee, asked it to act as their mediuin of award; finally several years ago
the Association, realizing the great need for more fellowships, allocated to this purpose a
portion of all membership dues.

Many distinguished scholars have been numbered among the A. A. U. W. fellows.
That fact and the high standards of the award committee have established the real
prestige which accompanies the grant of an A. A. U. W. fellowship.

Each year the committee has greater difficulty in making the awards, the number of
available fellowships being inadequate for the increasing number of worthy applicants.
Because of this need, and fortified by the splendid past record, the Association is now en-
gaged in raising a million dollar fund. When completed this will provide annually twen-
ty-five additional fellowships, some national and others international, the former open
to American women, the latter to women of all countries belonging to the Internationa!
Federation of University Women.

This project, called the Fellowship Crusade, even through a period of great depres-
sion has caught the imagination of the membership, affording as it does an opportunity
to encourage and develop leadership in a world sadly needing it and to send emissaries
to foreign lands at a time when the possibility of international understanding is being
threatened. This year there are ten women holding A. A. U. W. fellowships, five of them
studying in Europe. They go under ideal conditions realizing that they are representa-
tives of American college women and that through the I. F. U. W. they will be recipients
of reciprocal hospitality. Of the nine fellowships offered for award in 1934, three are the
result of the million dollar fund.

It may be several years before the entire fund is completed (about a quarter of it has
now been raised), but the value of the Fellowship Crusade has been established. All of
the branches have accepted it definitely as part of their program. It is a great national
gesture on the part of alumnae of all the colleges and universities. In addition to the
numerous local demands and the calls of their own alma maters, they are united in an
undertaking, the potential benefits of which it is impossible to estimate.

THE CONTINUITY OF THE UNIVERSITY TRADITION

Dr. Florence E. Smith
Assistant Professor of History

(The address given to the seniors at the time of Investiture, November 4, 1933)

The choice of a teacher of history to speak on such an occasion as this is really a
request for a discourse on history. No historian could resist the temptation presented in
such a ceremony.

When you, as Seniors, kneel before the Dean of your College, you pledge your loyalty
to the College and its traditions. You assume the dignity and responsibilities of candi-
dates for a degree. When Miss Hopkins places the cap upon your head, she confers upon
you the honors and privileges of your Senior standing and by that symbolic act indicates
that the College is satisfied with your career up to this time and believes that you are
acceptable candidates for the degree to be conferred by the College in June.

However, Seniors, unconsciously, you are doing much more than this. You are
making yourselves a part of history of the history of an ideal. You are allying your-
selves with the past and asserting your faith in the future of the academic ideal by
making yourselves an official part of that organized group of scholars, teachers and
students, who make up a college or university. You are becoming a part of that vast
assemblage of scholars of all ages who, like Chaucer's clerk, would gladly learn and
gladly teach.

There are always some who scoff at the use of ceremonies or processions to indicate
adherence to an institution or to an ideal. There is a delightful scene in George Eliot's
Komola where it seems to me that the scoffer was well answered. A procession of four
hundred prominent men bearing torches and indicating their allegiance to the Florentine
Republic was passing down the street. A watching cynic laughed at the "four hundred
ugly men carrying tapers in open daylight, Diogenes fashion." Cennini, standing near,
vigorously replied that without such ancient symbols "the vulgar would be conscious
of nothing beyond their own petty wants and never rise to the sense of community in
religion or law." And then he continued: "There has been no great people without pro-
cessions and the man who thinks himself too wise to be moved by them to anything but
contempt is like the puddle that was proud of standing alone while the river rushed by."

Then, there are some to whom a ceremony or procession is merely a display of per-
sonal vanity and to whom the symbolism involved means nothing. A crotchety old pro-
fessor in a northern university once objected to the wearing of academic costume on the
grounds that it indicated only a childish delight in dressing up, and wondered why war
paint and feathers would not better serve the purpose. If he wished to assert his kinship
to the Indian brave's savage ideals, I hope they let him dress in paint and feathers. As
for us, by ceremony, and procession, and dress, we are indicating our place in the ranks
of organized scholars under the university system which has had nearly seven centuries
of culture and progress to attest its value to civilization.

In using the term university to describe our institution or college, I am using the
medieval term to describe an organization of students and teachers bound together in
the pursuit of learning. Teachers and scholars have existed ever since man became in-
terested in gaining knowledge; but organization of higher learning in the form in which
we know it came only in the Middle Ages.

In fundamental organization our college is the lineal descendant of the medieval uni-
versities of Paris and Bologna. The historic continuity is unbroken. The ideals and
traditions of all universities since that time have been essentially the same.

In details of organization manners, customs, dress we may find many similarities
between the college or university of today and the university of the thirteenth or four-
teenth century. It is a temptation to speak of these resemblances as survivals; and in some
cases it may be possible to trace a certain custom, without much change, from medieval

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 9

times down to the present. However, the real continuity of the university tradition lies
in its fundamental idea and ideal an association of teachers and scholars leading the
common life of learning. The resemblance between certain medieval customs and those
of our own day are largely due, therefore, to the old truth (which is the foundation of
the value of historical study) that, given similar problems and a similar ideal, the solu-
tion will be much the same in all ages.

Suppose we examine a few college or university usages and customs which help to
give us a consciousness of our connection with the past:

The medieval associations of masters and scholars sought charters from king or pope.
The University of Paris received its charter from Philip Augustus in the year 1200.
Today our colleges and universities seek and receive charters from the state.

A medieval institution so chartered was often given certain privileges or immuni-
ties as when Count Rupert in founding the University of Heidelberg exempted all
masters and scholars from taxation. College property in the United States today is exempt
from taxation.

Frederick Barbarossa, in a grant of protection to students in twelfth century Italy,
told them that in case of suit they might be tried before their professors or the bishops
of the city. Today a case of law-breaking must be quite serious before it is taken out-
side of academic councils; and the University of Heidelberg still has its prison room with
walls covered with the names and drawings of famous students who have been confined
there.

Villani's Chronicle reports that the city of Bologna spent as much as half of its
revenue on the pay of professors and other expenses of its famous University of law;
and that Florence devoted large sums yearly to the maintenance of its school. Today,
state legislatures spend much time arguing about how much they can appropriate for
state universities; and the city of New York spends large sums on the College of the City
of New York.

The transfer or exchange of students and professors from one country to another took
place in medieval times. We find Albertus Magnus, Thomas Acquinas, and Roger Bacon,
in Paris, or Oxford, or Rome, at various periods. Today, institutions in the United States
share with other countries the privilege of work with Albert Einstein.

In 1209 the University of Cambridge in England was created by a secession of masters
and students from Oxford. This year a new college has been started near Black Mountain
in North Carolina by a secession of professors and students from Rollins College in
Florida.

Such comparisons might be indefinitely and tircsomelv multiplied. However, I can-
not resist reading parts of two medieval letters which need no modern counterparts: we
have all either written them or read them.

The first is from an Oxford student who writes to his father: "This is to inform
you that I am studying at Oxford with the greatest diligence, but the matter of money
stands greatly in the way of my promotion, as it is now two months since I spent the last
of what you sent me. The city is expensive and mnkcs manv demands: I have to rent
lodgings, buy necessaries, and provide for many other things which I cannot now specify.
Wherefore I respectfully beg your paternity that by the promptings of divine pity you
may assist me, so that I may be able to complete what I have so well begun."

The other reads: "To his son G. residing at Orleans P. of Besancon sends greetings
with paternal zeal ... I have recently discovered that you live . . . slothfuUy, preferring
license to restraint and play to work and strumming a guitar while others are at their
studies, whence it happens that you have read but one volume of law while your more
industrious companions have read several. Wherefore I have decided to exhort you here-
with to repent utterly of your dissolute and careless ways, that you may no longer be
called a waster and your shame may be turned to good repute."

10 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

It is in the wearing of academic costume that we often feel ourselves most akin to
our medieval ancestors; and the wearing of some kind of distinctive dress has certainly
been continuous in some institutions since the time of their organization several hundred
years ago. However, the style of such costume has changed much during the centuries
and it is said that only in the garment worn by the Chancellor of the University of
Cambridge may one see today an exact duplicate of a medieval chancellor's gown. It
is a sleeveless scarlet cloak lined with fur, with a tippet and hood of the same material.

Students in the medieval universities wore a costume which resembled very much
the dress worn bv the clergy of the time, for the students were usually called clerks and
were entitled to certain privileges which only the clergy enjoyed. This costume was a
long, dark garment, which in many institutions had a hood attached to the back. This
hood was not a decoration but a useful garment for pulling up over the student's ton-
sured head for warmth. Medieval churches, where students often had to hear mass at
five o'clock in the morning, and the school rooms, where they sat on stone floors sparsely
covered with straw, were entirely unheated and consequently bitterly cold most of the
time. (If the June day on which you receive your degree is hot and you feel your heavy
gown and hood a burden, it might prove cooling to think of your shivering predecessors.)
Later on the biretta or cap replaced the hood for the head and the old hood, in modified
form, came to be only a decoration.

Early American Colleges and Universities did not always adopt the custom of wear-
ing academic costumes, though King's College (Columbia) seems to have used caps
and gowns upon some occasions since colonial times. But in the 1890's many institutions
in this country became more conscious of the value of a past and the importance of
atmosphere and symbolism to indicate relationship to that past. In 1894 a committee
from various prominent American universities met and decided upon a uniform plan
for academic costume which has been followed by a majority of the colleges and uni-
versities in the United States since that time.

It may be interesting to examine a few of the details of the costumes chosen. The
gowns for undergraduates and for holders of all degrees are very much alike except for
the materials used and for the length and cut of the sleeve of the master's gown. Caps
are similar for all, except that holders of the doctor's degree may wear a gold tassel.

The right to wear a hood is confined to those who have received degrees. Its length
indicates the degree Bachelor, Master, or Doctor. Its lining tells by its color the insti-
tution which conferred the degree. The color of the border indicates the field of study
in which the degree is taken.

According to the statement of the Albanv Bureau of Academic Costume, the border
colors of the hoods are historic and symbolic. "The white border for arts and letters
comes from the white fur of the Oxford and Cambridge Bachelor's hoods; the red for
theology follows the traditional color of the church as signifying ardent love and zeal
for the faith as used by cardinals for centuries. The purple for law comes from the royal
purple of the kings' courts; the green of medicine from . . . the color of medicinal herbs.
The degrees in philosophy are shown by blue, the color of truth and wisdom; science,
gold yellow which signifies the wealth contributed by scientific discoveries. Pink was
taken from the pink brocade prescribed for the Oxford doctors of music."

Why do we go to all this trouble to show our allegience to the university tradition?
It is because we believe, with Rashdall, the great English writer on Universities, that
"There is a kind of knowledge which can only be secured by personal inter-communica-
tion, a kind of intellectual cultivation which is made possible by constant interchange of
ideas with other minds, a kind of enthusiasm which is impossible in isolation."

Here in our daily life of study we may gain that knowledge and that enthusiasm by
the bringing together of teacher and teacher, teacher and student, and student and
student.

"AND YOU, MADEMOISELLE? UNFORTUNATELY, YOU

WILL BE IN LYON."

Martha Crowe, '27

"So, you are going to Toulouse, mademoiselle?", said Monsieur Desclos at headquarters
of the Office National des Universites et Ecoles Francaises in Paris. (This is an organiza-
tion that plays a prominent part in the awarding of scholarships to students for study
in France and to French students for study in foreign countries. Monsieur Auguste
Desclos, assistant director of the organization, was speaking to one of the girls who was
accompanying me to the office, a scholarship-holder to the University of Toulouse in
southwestern France.) Monsieur Desclos continued, "That's fine, mademoiselle; you will
be quite happy there. Toulouse is an old historical city that is extremely interesting. And
you, mademoiselle? You will be in Grenoble, won't you?" And Monsieur Desclos ad-
dressed my other comrade, who had been awarded a scholarship to the University of
Grenoble in southeastern France. "What good fortune! Grenoble is quite a beautiful
city, entirely surrounded by snow-peaked mountains. You will find most agreeable
companions in Grenoble and will make excursions with them high up in the mountains
where you will go in for winter sports. Indeed, vou are quite fortunate to be in Grenoble
for the year."

Monsieur Desclos looked at me, the third member of the group. It seemed to me
that his face had changed color, his eyes were sad. "And you, mademoiselle? Unfortun-
ately, you will be in Lyon. What a shame such a disagreeable city, freezing in winter
and of torrid heat in the summer! And the inhabitants they are quite serious and re-
served, never gay, never lively. Ah yes, mademoiselle, how very unfortunate that you
will be in Lyon!"

Several days later, I was having tea at the home of one of the most charming of the
acquaintances I had made in Paris. In the course of the conversation, I mentioned the
fact that I was on my way to Lyon where I intended to spend the winter. One of the
guests, quite stunned, exclaimed, "But u'hy, mademoiselle, did you choose Lyon? A very
disagreeable city, the inhabitants of which are quite as cold in character as their miser-
able climate! And what fogs in winter!"

And that morning of the seventh of November, as I climbed into the train to go to
Lyon, disappointed, a little discouraged, for I had anticipated quite a different life in
Lyon, I assure you that I was by no means happy. Naturally, I was beginning to fear
this cold and dismal city, situated in southern France, only a short distance by train from
Paris this gloomy city, where I was to spend seven or eight months at the University.

Seven hours later, I arrived in Lyon. Lyon, as you know, is the second city in size in
France and is situated at the junction of the two beautiful rivers, the Rhone and the
Saone. The foliage of the trees on the hills overlooking the Saone was scarlet and golden;
the Saone, calm, blue, regular, flowed below. An attractive little French woman, charm-
ing, smiling, the woman with whom I was to live, had come to the station to meet me.
We recognized each other immediately, thanks to the photographs that we had exchanged
before my arrival. She welcomed me in such a cordial manner, that I was delighted
with everything. The first days passed very quickly, for everything was so new. I
strolled along the quays of the Rhone, that beautiful river so diflerent from the Saone,
rough, roaring, torrential, above which swarmed thousands of white seagulls; I watched
the "boulistcs", men who play along the banks of the Rhone a ball game typical of this
region; I watched the "plates", little boats where the washerwomen go to wash their
clothes in the river; I went occasionally to la Croix-Rousse, that industrial section of
Lyon, where is still heard the hum of the shuttle and loom and the "canuts" (workers
who work at home at weaving by hand); on Sunday and Thursday mornings I used to
walk along the quays of the Rhone in the midst of the open-air market and what move-
ment, what animation one saw there! Lyonnais women with baskets on their arms, sacks
in their hands, were bargaining with the keepers of each little stall; fine, sturdy men.

12 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

sometimes stout and ruddy, sometimes thin and pale, but always with a fine moustache.
They cried out their merchandise on all sides. And what was being sold in this open-air
market? Dresses, hats, piece-goods, sweaters, shirts, shoes, suspenders, jewelry, curtains,
trousers, ties, soap, meats, vegetables, cheese, etc. everything imaginable. At the end
of the first few weeks, as I penetrated Saint-Jean and other historical sections of this
city, formerly the capital of the Gauls and of the Burgundian kingdom, as I pursued
several interesting courses at the University on the history of the French language and
the literature of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, as I made many delightful
acquaintances, I often wondered if the Parisians were not mistaken about Lyon. As far
as I was concerned, it was becoming more and more interesting.

I had gone to France with the desire of seeing the Frenchman in his home, of observ-
ing his customs, his habits of life; and indeed I had a splendid opportunity to know him
just as I wanted. At the University, I was fortunate in making friends of many of the
students who invited me quite often to their homes to have tea, to knit, to play "plafond"
(similar to contract bridge) , to dinner, to dance, and to many other social functions.
Thus I passed delightful hours discussing and hearing discussed the plans and hopes of my
university companions, university life in America, customs in general in France and
America, the debt question, and so on. Through the hospitality of the professors at the
University and Madame Guy and her daughter, the people with whom I lived, my con-
tacts with French people were increased and I came to know rather well the L^'^onnais
character. The Lyonnais is rather a queer combination. He is, first of all, quite practical.
He is a good business man (and by the way, practically every business man in Lyon is
connected with the silk industry, as it is the chief industry of this city). Combined with
his practical-mindedness, he is either an artist himself or he possesses a fine appreciation
of art, music and literature. So severe a critic is he, that even the most famous artists,
musicians and speakers of Europe hesitate to appear before a Lyonnais audience. The
Lyonnais audience is hard to please, but once an artist has demonstrated his real worth,
the Lyonnais is quick to show his warm approval. Fortunately, I had the opportunity of
hearing some of the world's most famous concert singers, dancers, actors and lecturers.
Among the latter were Paul Morand, Emil Ludwig, Leon Daudet, Leon Tolstoi (son of
the great Russian writer) and Edward Herriot, mayor of lyon. In the spring, during
the national fair that is held yearly in Lyon, I had the rare opportunity of beholding the
President of France himself. Monsieur Albert Lebrun, riding in state by the side of
Monsieur Herriot in the parade which inaugurated the fair week.

The many interesting museums, such as the Musec des Beaux Arts and the Musee
des Tissus (the only museum of its kind in the world, for here one finds specimens, along
with the history, of all types of materials particularly of silk materials that have been
known for centuries), as well as the beautiful old churches and the many exquisite
monuments of art, occupied a large part of my time. Among these specimens of art, the
statue of the river being drawn to the sea by four horses at the Place des Terreaux was
particularly beautiful. This was done by Bartholdi, sculptor of the Statue of Liberty.
Also to be mentioned are the statues of Louis XIV at the Place Bellecour, those of the
Rhone and Saone in the Hotel de Ville, and those of the Republique Francaise and of
President Carnot.

Aside from the interesting historical sections of the city and the exquisite monuments
of art, as I have already shown, all that was very typical of Lyon in the way of customs
that is, the local color of the city interested me particularly. One of the most inter-
esting of the religious ceremonies takes place the eighth of December, the date of the
Fete of the Immaculate Conception. This is the night on which honor is paid to the
Virgin Mary, for Lyon had been placed under the protection of the Virgin in the early
part of the seventeenth century by Louis XIII. That night, the eighth of December, all
the city is illuminated. There are candles in all windows; the lighting effects along the
banks of the Saone are beautiful. The crosses of all the churches along the river are

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 13

outlined in lights; and high upon the hill of Fourviere, overlooking the Saone, one reads
on a sign on the basilica of Fourviere these words: "Lyon to Mary. May God protect
France." I heard several origins of this custom while there. In 1870, during the Franco-
Prussian war, the inhabitants of Lyon made vows promising Mary that they would have
a magnificent church erected to her if Lyon were spared by the Prussians who were at
that moment in Dijon, quite near Lyon. Lyon was spared, and it was in gratitude for
the delivery of the city that this beautiful cathedral was constructed and that the in-
habitants honor the Virgin on the eighth of December. Another story tells us that many
years ago a terrible plague was raging in Lyon and thousands were dying. The good
Lyonnais prayed that the city be delivered of the plague and of the intense suffering.
Suddenly, the eighth of December, there were no more evidences of the plague. After
this date not one person suffered from the malady. Since the plague disappeared on the
eighth of December, it is a custom to honor Mary always on this day. Whatever the
origin, the ceremony is indeed interesting and most colorful.

Lyon and its charm is, for me, a source of endless conversation. However, my article
is becoming long, and I shall leave the discussion of Lyon with this remark: Of all the
cities in France that I visited and I visited quite a few I would rather have spent the
winter there than in any other.

Naturally, finding myself in Europe for practically a year and not knowing when I
should ever have the opportunity to be there again, I wanted to see as much of Europe
as possible. Consequently, I took advantage of every vacation period for travel. Dur-
ing the fall, before I went down to Lyon for the year, I spent two months in Paris.
Here I visited all the well-known historical spots of interest and took short trips to Ver-
sailles, Fontainebleau, Chartres, and the chateaux country in the Loire valley. At Christ-
mas time, I journeyed by auto car from Grenoble through the snow-capped Alps to Nice;
then on to Monte Carlo, Menton, Cannes, Grasse, Marseilles, Nimes and Avignon. One
week-end in January, I went to Switzerland, stopping at Montrcux, where I saw the old
chateau of Chillon (famed by Byron in his poem The Prisoner of Chilian), Lausanne
and Geneva. During the Easter holidays, I traveled in Italy, visiting Florence, Rome,
Naples, Pompeii, Capri and Venice. Many delightful hours were spent among the in-
teresting ruins of the old Roman forum and of the colisseum, in the Vatican, in driving
along the Appian Way, in Hadrian's old palace, in the Church of Saint John in I.ateran
and other interesting spots. Can you realize just how delighted I was to find myself
along with the other two hundred thousand people literally packed in Saint Peter's
Church on Easter Sunday morning? Sad to relate, 1 cannot give you any romantic idea
or picturesque account of my sojourn in Venice. I was there only a few days; it poured
rain; the weather was freezing, arid there was no heat at the hotel at this time of the year.
Chilled to the bone, and having seen only Saint Mark's Square and Cathedral, the Ducal
Palace, the Bridge of Sighs and the old Rialto, I gave up finally most of the sight-seeing,
went home and asked the hotel-keeper for a hot-water bottle and several blankets. Thus,
unfortunately, I spent most of my time in Venice in bed, buried in blankets in a fruit-
less effort to keep warm. And I too bad gone there with delightful ideas of moonlight,
music and gondolas!

The months of June and July found me here, there and everywhere first in Stras-
bourg in Alsace. Here someone has poetically but truthfully said of the cathedral built
of reddish stone, "It looks as if it were bathed in the dying rays of an eternal sunset."
Then I went into Germany to Heidelberg, where I saw the world-renowned university
and the historic castle, Baden-Baden, known as a health resort, Frankfort and Mainz. I
must pause for a moment to relate an amusing incident that took place in Frankfort. I
was there with a friend for only a few hours. We did not know a word of German, being
fortunate enough up until this time to have run into someone who spoke English. This
day we were strolling down the streets of Frankfort, completely engrossed in the sights
we were seeing, among them the birthplace of the celebrated German poet Goethe. Sud-

14 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

denly, I glanced at my watch and found we had only a very short time to get back to
the station to catch the train for Mainz, where we were to take a boat up the Rhine
River. My friend and I were completely lost, ^'^e had no idea in which direction the
station was to be found. We approached a policeman and I rather timidly asked him if
he spoke English. You have never heard such a volley of German as that he fired at me!
Quite perplexed, I felt very helpless indeed. And then I had an idea! I opened my
pocketbook, took out my railroad ticket, and showed it to him. His ruddy face wrinkled
into a broad grin; he fairly beamed as he cried out: "Choo-choo! Choo-choo!" Choo-
choo seems to know no o>ie language; its meaning is universal. Delighted, I nodded. He
very kindly led me and my companion to a taxi and explained to the driver in Ger-
man what I was to hear very often during my sojourn in Germany, for I found myself
in such an embarrassing situation more than one time. The gist of his words was: "Here
are two English-speaking people who do not know a word of German. Will you be
kind enough to take them to the station?"

Thanks to the courtesy of the policeman, by nightfall we managed to reach Mainz,
the birthplace of Gutenberg, inventor of the printing press. The trip by boat on the
Rliine, past all of the castles of this region, was too beautiful to try to describe. We
landed in Cologne at sunset. There was a golden glow over the whole city, which is
dominated by one of the most perfect structures ever built, the Cathedral of Cologne.

The next few days were spent in Belgium, in Brussels with its population of one
million and in the quaint little city of Bruges. Then I returned to France. Once back
in France, I went to Rheims where I visited what remains of that beautiful specimen of
Gothic architecture, the Cathedral of Rheims. I visited the battlefields around Rheims, a
dismal and gloomy spectacle to the tourist. Then followed another week in Paris and
on to Rouen, famed particularly for its ancient cathedral and market, the place where
Joan of Arc was burned at the stake in 1431. Upon leaving Rouen, I went into the
province of Brittany, in the northwestern corner of France, that quaintest of all sec-
tions. Of Celtic origin, it has developed apart from the rest of France and has kept its
ancient languages, costumes and customs. Leaving Brittany, I went up to Dieppe, where
I sailed across the English Channel to England. London, Oxford, Stratford-on-Avon, in-
teresting locales up until this time familiar to me only through English history and liter-
ature, became realities. These last ten days on English soil passed all too quickly.

A happy year was ending. July the nineteenth found me in Plymouth, aboard the
lie de France, homeward bound. Upon entering my stateroom, I found quite a pile of
letters sent by friends wishing me "bon voyage," and among them several letters from
French friends. Indeed I was particularly happy to find these, as it made me feel as if
I were leaving behind old friends instead of mere acquaintances made during a short
stay in France. Several hours later, the last low cliffs of England were becoming dim in
the mist. I was leaving Europe behind, perhaps for always one never knows. There was
a big lump in my throat as I watched the coast of England disappear and with it my
year of happiness over there. I whispered to myself very softly, "Yes, it's true what they
say over here. Partir c'est mourir un peu.", which translated as best we can is, "Parting
is dying a little."

BOOKS

Margaret (Bland) Sewell, '20

(The talk given to faculty, students and alumnae at the time of the Alumnae Week- End, Friday.

December 1, 1933)

When I first consented to talk on the subject of books, I felt sure that someone would
say of me as Green in Richard II said of the Duke of York:

"Alas! poor duke, the task he undertakes
Is numbering sands and drinking oceans dry."

To talk on the subject of books is, indeed, numbering sands; for to talk on the sub-
ject of books would be to talk on science, history, travel, philosophy, literature, art,
music, and religion; to talk on the subject of books would be to talk on all that man has
thought, all that man has accomplished, all that man has dreamed of. Even to attempt
such a task, one would need the bumptious conceit of a Falstaff , who, having arrived to
fight when the battle was over, yet had the temerity to brag: "I may justly say with
that hook-nosed fellow of Rome, I came, I saw, I overcame."

My knowledge of books is about as important to the sum-total knowledge of books
as was Sir John Falstaff's part in the battle to which he arrived so tardily. Yet I am sure
that I cannot come, speak on, and overcome the vast subject that has been given, and
so I want to limit my talk to two simple suggestions: (1) Own your books; (2) make
books your own.

As to the first suggestion, many people ask: Why should one own books when there
are so many public libraries, where books may be had rent-free or for a few cents a day?
But "reasons", to quote Sir John again, "are as plentiful as blackberries", the chief
among reasons being, in my opinion, that books will mean more to you if you own them
yourself than if you rent or borrow them.

"What sort of books should you own?" is another question that occurs to many
people. That depends on what sort of person you are, for books, like people, have person-
alities; and, above all, you should choose books that suit you, books that really interest
you. If you don't like to read Shakespeare; then, by all means, don't buy Shakespeare.
If you think of buying Spenser and Donne, Shelley and Keats, because you think they
would look well on your bookshelves; then leave them in the stores until they are claimed
by someone who finds in their poetry a language clothed with living thought.

If you love art, then buy books about art. If music means more to you than any-
thing, choose books about music. If you are a person of scientific or practical interests,
then buy scientific and practical books. If your real passion is cooking, then by all means
buy cook books. I know of no more charming volume in my mother's library than an
old book of Charleston recipes. In it are the usual forms of recipes so many cups of
flour, so many yolks of eggs, so many spoons of shortening, etc.: but in it also is the
accumulated cooking experience of Spanish families, French families, English families,
Scotch-Irish families; in it also is something of the legend and the history of a quaint old
city.

But while you collect books that are of particular interest to you, keep your mind
open and your sympathies alive to new interests. Don't think, for example, that because
you may be lucky enough to be one of those who arc alive to the wonders of modern
science, there is no saving grace in the Greek and Latin classics. Don't think, because
you are fond of history and find Grand Opera something of a bore, that Voltaire was
right in saying, "What is too stupid to be spoken is generally sung." Don't think, for
example, because you are enthusiastic about French literature, that there is no hope of
salvation in geometry, but remember the words in Friar Bacon ami Friar Bungay:

"He who reads but mathematic rules
Shall find conclusions that avail to work
Wonders that pass the common sense of man."

16 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

As Rousseau says, "It is better to be a man of paradoxes than a man of prejudices."
And I don't believe that a lover of books would scorn any subject that adds to man's
knowledge or enriches his experience.

But if your preference for books happens to be along the well-beaten, well-loved path
of English literature, I should like to talk to you a little more on what great riches you
have to draw from.

If you remember your Boswell and can say, "Sir, the biographical part of literature
is what I love most", thtn you should by all means start your library with biographies,
beginning with Boswell's Life of Johnson and Eckermann's Conversations with Goethe
and ending, after many additions, with Eckermann's Conversations with Goethe and Bos-
well's Life of Johnson; for if you have a truly deep interest in biography, you will per-
haps feel like Robert Louis Stevenson who wrote, "I am taking a little of Boswell daily
bv way of a Bible and mean to read him until the day I die."

Or if you feel like Cicero in the lovely lines in Pro Archiis, "Saxa et solitudines voci
respondunt", the rocks and solitudes reply to his voice (i. e. the voice of the poet) ; then
you should collect about you all the great books of English poetry that come your way.

But if you are a little afraid of poetry, as was Sam Weller's father, remember with
sympathy their discussion on the occasion of a composition of a valentine by the younger
Weller.

"Lovely creetur", began Sam.

But his father looked at him in alarm, "Tain't in poetry, is it?", he asked.

"O, no! no!", protested Sam.

"Wery glad to hear it," said Mr. W. "Poetry's onnatural. Never let yourself down to
talking poetry, Sammy my boy!"

But when Samuel finished reading his valentine, Mr. W. could only shake his head
and criticize, "If it ain't poetry, I'm afeerd it werges on the poetical."

Or, to turn from the ridiculous to the sublime, perhaps you agree with Plato that
poets say many beautiful things but know not what they say and that though you
would crown them with laurel, yet you would send them on their way, finding no place
for them in your republic. Or if you agree that poets are not what you want, then turn
from poetry to something else say drama, perhaps.

And there again you have a range too wide to be more than mentioned, from the
stately measures of Aeschylus down through the ages to the clever witticisms of Oscar
Wilde and then on to the problem plays of Ibsen and other moderns. But, if you feel
that drama, too, "werges on the poetical", you still have a wide selection to make, from
novels, literary criticism, short stories, essays and literary histor}'.

Or if you have a general literary taste and the money to indulge it, you might put in
your collection of books, first editions, presentation copies, and association copies.

Who would not be thrilled to own the presentation copy of Dickens' Chimes with
the inscription on the fly leaf, "Charles Dickens, Junior, from his affectionate father,
Charles Dickens", or the very copy of the Christinas Carol that Dickens gave to Tom
Beard? Those copies do pass hands occasionally for the consideration of several hundred
dollars.

Or imagine being the proud possessor of the copy of Shelley's Queen Mab in which is
written, "Mary Wollonstonecraft Godwin from P. B. S. You see, Mary, I have not for-
gotten you."; and in which is also written in Mary's hand, "This book is sacred to me.
Yet wJiat shall I write? That I love the author beyond all powers of expression and that
I am separated from him." No wonder a book so rich in literary and human sasociation
should have been greatly sought for and should have commanded a few years ago the
sum of $7,500.

There is an association book that has recently been brought into the limelight by
Admiral Byrd. If you were bound for the South Pole, what book would you take along?

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 17

Admiral Byrd has taken with him a copy of Dryden's poems. Why? Because he likes
the stately measures of Dryden, because he admires the lines of Alexander's Feast}:

"Softly now in Lydian measures
Soon he soothed his soul to pleasures.
War he said is toil and trouble,
Honor but an empty bauble."

Perhaps, but certainly because of the association of this particular volume. It was
the very book that was taken in the 1840's by Sir John Franklin on his tragic adventure
to the polar regions and which was found seventy years later by the explorer Peary. Now
this same volume is going to the arctic regions with Admiral Byrd.

But, if you are not going on an outward voyage with Dryden's poems in your pocket,
what wouldn't you give to own the copy of Stevenson's Inland Voyage in which is writ-
ten, "My dear Cummy, if you had not taken so much trouble with me in the years of
my childhood, this little book would never have been written."? What a priceless pos-
session for one who loves the adventurous brave spirit of Stevenson.

If you are extremely ambitious about books and extremely wealthy, you might even
aspire to owning some day one of the few folio editions of Shakespeare, which command
a price of $20,000; and if you are more than ambitious, more than wealthy, you might
even be the owner of a valued Gutenberg Bible. Some 3'ears ago, Mr. Huntington paid
$50,000 for his Gutenberg Bible; and although at that time that was the largest price
ever known to be paid for a single book, he considered it a bargain.

But even the wealthy book collectors often confess themselves partial to little cheap
volumes of the Modern Library or the Everyman, because those were generally the books
which they first bought and read and loved.

So, if you are rich, buy books; and if you are poor (even if like FalstaflF, you are as
poor as Job, my lord, but not so patient), then buy books anyhow, for, as Dr. Johnson
said, "It is better to live rich than to die rich."

But whether you buy a Gutenberg Bible or a simple Scofield edition of the King
James' version, whether you buy a first folio of Shakespeare or the plain convenient Tudor
series, there is a corollary to the proposition, own your books, a corollary that is more
important than the proposition itself; that is, make books your own. For what profiteth
it a man to own a whole library if the richness of human experiences does not become a
part of his soul? Rather he is like the book collector in the medieval Ship of Fools,

" This one pleasure have I,
Of books to have great plenty.
I take no wisdom by them;
All is in them and nothing in my mind."

But if you take wisdom by them, if you make books your own, you will have poet
and sage to sup with, and your bread will be the bread of life; no matter how trivial and
how ordinary is your surrounding, you will be able to create for yourself a fairy-tale
existence, filling the common ways of everyday life with the reflection of some far-off
brightness. For even the simplest, even the dullest experiences can be shared with the
greatest of writers.

For example, what is more ordinary than admiring a pretty, new dress? Most people
do not give such a common experience more than a passing thought. Yet to booklovers,
it takes on an added importance, for it brings to mind the picture of Kate and Pctrucchio
in the Taming of the Shrew, Petrucchio criticizing the new foibles of style and Kate
loyally praising,

"I never saw a better fashioned gown.
More quaint, more pleasing, more commendable."

18 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

Or it suggests Herrick's lovely lyric:

"When as in silks my Julia goes

Then, then methinks how sweetly flows
The liquefaction of her clothes."

Or suppose you invite someone to supper, a proceeding ordinary enough in its way,
but one that brings a gleam of humorous recollection if you remember Cassius' invitation
to Casca in Julius Caesar:

"Will you sup with me tonight, Casca?"
"No, I am promised forth."
"Will you dine with me tomorrow?"
"Ay, if I be alive, and your mind hold,
and your dinner worth the eating."

And even the question of table manners finds its place in the tribute to the nun in
Chaucer's Canterbury Tales:

"At meate well ^taught was she withal;
She let no morsel from her lippes fall,
Ne wet her fingers in her sauce deep.

Her overlippe wiped she so clean

That in her cuppe was no farthing seen

Of grease, when she dranken had her draught."

Suppose your home is in the throes of a general house cleaning. Suppose that your
curtains are down, the pictures off the walls, the pieces of furniture stacked on the
porch, and the rugs in a forlorn heap in one corner while the smell of gasoline and
Johnson's floor wax pervades the place. You feel as if vour citadel of defense had been
stormed and taken, until you remember Emily Dickinson and her saying: "We are having
house cleaning. I prefer pestilence." And immediately you feci that even house clean-
ing is a human experience, that even a poet like Emily Dickinson could understand and
sympathize. And those of you who have particular difficulties along the line of house-
keeping should turn to Jane Welsh Carlyle's Letters, for there you'll find the truest and
deepest sympathy.

And if things go unusually badly at home and everybody is upset and everybody is
getting on everybody else's nerves, then just remember the description in Two Gentlemen
of Verona: "I think Crab, my dog, be the sourest-natured cur that lives: my mother
weeping, my father wailing, my sister crying, our maid howling, and our cat wringing
her hands; our house in a great perplexity. Yet did not that cruel-hearted cur shed
one tear."

But not only in the ordinary affairs of everyday life can you look to writers for
understanding. But in the more solemn moments which you are often too shy to share
with your family and friends, you can turn eagerly to books.

There may be times when you feel the desire to do great things and even almost
have the confidence that you can do them some day and you find your very experience
voiced by Orestes in Goethe's Iphigenia in Tauris:

"The waves came dancing to our very feet
And all before us lay the wide, wide world.
Then on a sudden one would seize her sword.
And future deeds shone round us like the stars."

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 19

Or some day in class there comes one of those rare moments when a teacher is able
to open to your eager mind a whole new realm of thought and you feel as did Keats
when he opened Chapman's Homer or as the seven French poets, called the Pleiades, when
their teacher first introduced them to the beauty of the old Greek classics and you feel
like exclaiming with Ronsard: "Master, o, my master, why have you so long time hid
these riches from us?"

Or in remembering the wealth of some new intellectual or spiritual experience that
came to you through some teacher or friend, you feel like saying as Dante did to his
teacher, Brunetto Lalini:

"For in my mind is fixed and my heart knows ,

The dear and kindly picture of you as a father
When on earth from hour to hour
You taught me how man makes himself eternal."

There are probably not many of you who are as fortunate as Montesquieu who said
ttiat he had never had a sorrow that an hour's reading could not dissipate. But though
most of you may have sorrows that cannot be so lightly dissipated, sorrows that lie
too deep for tears, yet you can find comfort in reading; for in books you find that your
very troubles have been suffered by other people in other places and in other ages, and that
suffering is a common, human lot through which you are sometimes purged as were the
Greeks through the Katharsis of their tragedies.

And in those moments of sorrow you turn to the poet David who writes of the Jews
in captivity, "By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat down; yea, we wept when we re-
membered Zion." Or we think of King Lear in prison and, believing himself deserted by
every one, saying, "If you have poison for me, I will drink it." Or, "I have full cause
for weeping but this heart will burst into a thousand atoms or ere I'll weep."

Or we think of the pictures that the chorus in Samson Agonlstes gives of Samson
before the last moment of his life:

"His servants he with new acquist
Of true experience from this great event
With peace and consolation hath dismissed
And calm of mind all passion spent."

Perhaps this calm of mind is the greatest gift we gain by making books our own,
a calm of mind that lifts us above all that is trivial and all that is unimportant, a calm
of mind that can even lift us above personal tragedy.

Eugene Field said that there would be few womenfolk in that particular corner of
Paradise reserved for book lovers, but I hope that he is mistaken. I hope that there will
be many of you there, each with a number of books that are yours in point of possession
and yours in intellectual conception, so that you can look at each one and say truly:

"This is mine own and I as rich in having such a jewel
As twenty seas if all their sands were pearl,
Their water nectar and their rocks pure gold."

)

THE ALUMNAE WEEK-END IN RETROSPECT

Fannie G. (Mayson) Donaldson, '12

The third annual Alumnae Week-End, held on' December the first and second at
the College, was again a time when we alumnae felt most grateful to our Alma Mater
for giving us the time, the space, and, in many instances the lecturers in our yearly
"re-education". The Alumnae Secretary has asked me for a brief resume of the lectures,
but she will not object, I am sure, if we take a few lines of valuable space to thank the
College for its gracious welcome and to express to the lecturers our appreciation of their
wonderful dissertations and also of their willingness to give us of their valuable time.

Following Margaret (Bland) Sew ell's opening talk in Chapel, which is given in
full in another part of the Quarterly, the alumnae poured into one of the Buttrick class-
rooms to hear Miss Florence Smith of our faculty speak on "The Cuban Situation". Miss
Smith, introduced to the audience by Dr. McCain, gave a splendid sketch of the geography
and history of Cuba, following through with its revolt against Spain, the Spanish- Ameri-
can War, its freedom from Spain, the influences of American interests in Cuba which
brought about the Piatt Amendment, which established the republic, allowed no foreign
treaties or debts, and made provision for intervention by the United States in times of
crisis. Miss Smith's treatment of present conditions in Cuba was most graphically given:
the terrorism of Machado's rule, his resignation, the rise of many secret societies, of which
the ABC is the most powerful and has a real program of reform; the appointment of
DeCespedes, his overthrow by Dr. Grau San Martin, who is still in power but who has
not been able to get his government recognized by the United States government because
of the opposition by the ABC group and others, a situation which means financial dis-
aster to Cuban interests. Miss Smith advised us to read carefully news from the Pan-
American Conference of December the seventh and, with the background of this lecture,
to judge the developments.

From eleven-thirty to twelve-thirty o'clock. Dr. W. W. Young of Atlanta, in-
troduced by Mrs. Sydenstricker, spoke on "Fundamentals of Child Rearing". His talk
centered around what he called the three mistakes of parents: (1) the average parent has
no understanding of the function of parenthood, which is "to put out an independent
product at adulthood, able to meet all situations with the least amount of emotional
stress"; (2) the average parent attempts to teach the child something about which he
knows nothing himself, the business of living; (3) the average parent does not vmder-
stand childhood, its limitations of vision, morals, its difficulties in adjustment to civiliza-
tion's code of living.

After lunch Miss Louise Lewis, of the Agnes Scott Art Department, introduced by
Dr. Robinson, spoke on "Christ in Art". Miss Lewis showed the dominant role always
played by religion in art and illustrated with slides the various interpretations artists
have given us from the earliest beginnings of art down to the present day. The beauty
of the slides and the theme which gave unity to the whole lecture left us with a sense of
gratitude for this discussion.

Dr. George P. Hayes of the Agnes Scott faculty closed the day's lectures with a
masterly criticism of "Macbeth". It is impossible to do this discussion even partial
justice in this limited space. Dr. Hayes held us spellbound for the entire hour with the
beauty and ability of his presentation. The one paragraph quoted below will give you
only a suggestion of his treatment of the immortal drama:

"Shakespeare's task as the playwright of Macbeth was to portray life, yet to intimate
that there is much about it that we do not comprehend, to show characters in a concrete
situation, yet shadow forth the play of good and evil forces, which, while influencing
human beings, transcend human capacity to perceive clearly or understand. The suc-
cess of such a play depends as much on the dramatist's ability to suggest as to present
which causes John Mansfield to call Macbeth "the most poetical of Shakespeare's plays."

ALUMNAE BACK AT AGNES SCOTT FOR THANKSGIVING

WEEK-END

Lillian Clement, '27

Louisa (White) Gosnell, '27

Julia Pratt (Smith) Slack, ex-'12

Mary Duke, '32

Pearl (Estes) Cousins, '93

Marguerite (Cousins) HoUey, '21

Hilda (McConnell) Adams, '23

Eva (Towers) Hendee, '11

Cornelia Keeton, '3 3

Estelle (Webb) Shadburn, Institute

Susan (Shadburn) Watkins, '26

Theodosia (Willingham) Anderson, '11

Louise (Brown) Hastings, '23

Gladys Austin, '29

Fannie G. (Mayson) Donaldson, '12

Julia (Thompson) Smith, '3 1

Dorothy Kethley, '31

Maude Armstrong, '3 3

Thyrza S. Askew, Insitute

Helen Etheredge, '33

Field Shackelford, '33

Evelyn Campbell, '33

Kathleen Hope, '33

Eunice Lawrence, '31

Ann Brown Nash, '3 3

Eugenia (Johnston) Griffin, '21

Lelia (Joiner) Cooper, '27

Evangeline Papageorge, '28

Dorothy Hutton, '29

Annie (Johnson) Sylvester, '2 5

Sara (Shadburn) Heath, '3 3

Catherine Baker, '32

Penelope Brown, '32

Annie (Wiley) Preston, ex-'99

Margaret (Bland) Sewell, '20

Janef Newman Preston, '2 1

Margaret Ridley, '3 3

Virginia Heard, '3 3

Gail Nelson, '3 3

Sarah Bowman, '32

Elizabeth (Marsh) Hill, '20

Willie May (Coleman) Duncan, '27

Lucille (Coleman) Christian, ex-'30

Frances Oglesby, '3 3

Leone (Bowers) Hamilton, '26

Frederica Twining, ex-'3 5

Nevelyn Parks, ex-'36

Irene (Ingram) Sage, Institute

Hazel (Huff) Monaghan, '26

Clemmie (Wootten) Talley, ex-' 19

Betty Bonham, '32

Lillie Bellingrath, '29

Emma Pope (Moss) Dieckmann, '13

Hallie (Smith) Walker, ex-' 16

Louise Stakely, '32

Katharine Woltz, '3 3

Martha Walker, '3 3

Grace (Coffin) Armstrong, ex-' 17

Augusta (Skeen) Cooper, '17

Cora Frazer (Morton) Durrett, '24

Lucile Alexander, '11

Frances (Gilliland) Stukes, '24

Mary Clarke, '3 3

Emily (Nelson) Bradley, '27

Anne Hudmon, '3 3

Mary Hudmon, '3 3

Margaret Jones, '3 3

Emily Spivey, '2 5

Laura Spivey, '33

Polly Jones, '33

Mildred Hooten, '3 3

Page Ackerman, '3 3

Louise Wesley, '3 3

Marion (Hodges) Anthony, '29

Carrie Scandrett, '24

Shannon Preston, '30

Miriam Preston, '27

Willa Beckham, '3 3

Jule Bethea, '3 3

Josephine Clark, '3 3

Roberta Kilpatrick, '3 3

Eugenia Norris, '3 3

Thelma Richmond, '3 3

Letitia Rockmore, '3 3

Elizabeth Thompson, '33

Rosalind Ware, '3 3

Lucile Woodbury, '3 3

Billy Belote, '3 3

Catherine Happoldt, '3 3

Thelma Richmond, '3 3

Marlyn Tate, '3 3

Louella Dearing, '3 3

Marybelle (Stollenwerck) Pitts, ex-'33

The Alumnae Garden, as you will see by
the frontispiece, is fast becoming "a thing
of beauty and a joy forever". An appeal
has been made to all of the local clubs to
help with developing this lovely garden
spot this year. Personal donations will also
be acceptable. Louise (Brown) Hastings,
'23, should be especially commended for
her tireless efforts in carrying out the
plans of the landscape architect in develop-
ing this garden. The pergola, which is not
as yet complete, is the gift of the Char-
lotte Club. When finished, it will be topped
by a framework structure of white, and

will be covered with climbing roses.

^ ^- -^ ^

The Field Alumnae Secretary, with the
General Alumnae Secretary, is spending
the month of January in Florida, traveling
for the College. The trip will include most
of the outstanding cities in Florida and
many alumnae and prospective students
will be visited. The organized clubs in
Miami and Jacksonville will meet at the
time of their visit.

* * * *

The Founder's Day Program will be
broadcast over WSB on Thursday after-
noon, February 22, from three-thirty to
four o'clock, central standard time. Be-
cause of the increased power of this sta-
tion, it is felt that the program should get
a good reception at this time. It is planned
to meet the suggestions of the many local
groups who do not have central time in
their locality. It is hoped that many alum-
nae will listen in and meet informally for
the occasion.

H: :) 3): ^

The Alumnae House has benefited ma-
terially from the following gifts: a pottery
bowl from Carrie Scandrett, '24, and
Llewellyn Wilburn, '19; an antique rug
and a tufted bedspread from Miss Lillian
Smith, Margaret Phythian, '16, and Lucile
Alexander, '11; sheets and pillow cases

from Miss Elizabeth Jackson; silver salt
cellars and pepper shakers from Susan
(Young) Eagan, Institute; sheets and pil-
low cases from Miss Louise McKinney and
Dr. Mary F. Sweet; hand-woven towels
from Janef Preston, '21; a bedspread from

Imogene Allen, '23.

* * * *

The Curriculum Committee had a tribute
paid its fine work by the good attendance
at the third Alumnae Week-End. An in-
complete list of those present at that time
is published elsewhere in this issue.

Radio Programs are still broadcast over
WSB on Wednesday evenings from six-
thirty to six-forty-five, central time,
featuring Agnes Scott speakers and Agnes
Scott interests. A remarkable number of
parents and alumnae have reported hear-
ing and enjoying this publicity. Let us
have your report!

Forty-six of the Class of '33 have al-
ready joined the Alumnae Association.
Since there were ninety-nine in the class,
it is felt that this is a representative per-
centage.

The Atlanta Club has spent a busy fall,
with regular monthly meetings and the
sponsoring of two definite projects. The
October meeting was featured by a talk
by Dr. Philip Davidson of the Agnes Scott
History Department on the Socialist Move-
ment in Germany. The speaker for the
November meeting was Martha Crowe, '27,
whose talk is reprinted in this issue of the
Quarterly. The luncheon given by the club
in October was very successful, as was the
bazaar sponsored at the Biltmore in De-
cember. From these two projects enough
was realized to pay the College $250 on
the club pledge in the recent campaign.

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

23

The Baltimore Club has elected Lillian
(LeConte) Haddock, '29, president. The
club made a gift recently to a deserving
Agnes Scott student to enable her to con-
tinue her work at the College the second
semester.

The Birmingham Club has elected the
following officers for the year: Sallie
(Horton) Lay, '25, president; Harriet
Smith, '31, first vice-president; Mary
(Bryan) Winn, '16, second vice-president;
Eleanor Gresham, '26, recording secretary;
Anabel (Stith) Self, ex-'23, treasurer;
Florence Kleybecker, '33, corresponding
secretary. A special committee has been
appointed to put on a drive for member-
ship and attendance. At the December
meeting of the club Mary Ray Dobyns,
'28, reviewed "No Second Spring" by
Janet Beith. The club is working toward
paying their pledge to the College this
year.

The Decatur Club attended the program
of the Alumnae Week-End at the College
in November, in place of their regular
monthly meeting. The club is now mak-
ing plans for a meeting the end of Janu-
ary and a meeting in February to coincide
with the Founder's Day celebration.

The Jacksonville Club has made ar-
rangements for a special meeting in
January to coincide with the visit of
Penelope Brown, '32, Field Alumnae Sec-
retary, and Dorothy Hutton, '29, General
Alumnae Secretary. This club too is mak-
ing plans for the Founder's Day observ-
ance.

The Los Angeles Club held its second
meeting on Sunday, November the twelfth,
at the home of Betty (Thompson) Bren-
nan, ex-'31. There were about fourteen
people at the meeting. Those present en-

joyed hearing a letter from Dr. McCain
and seeing recent copies of the Agonistic
and college bulletins.

The Lynchburg Club responded to the
plea of the Clubs Committee that the
local clubs help this year with the garden
by sending in one hundred yellow tulip
bulbs. This was a most acceptable pres-
ent.

r- -T*

The Memphis Club has been inactive for
a short time, but will meet soon and re-
organize under the presidency of Mar-
garet (Smith) Lyon, '22.
* ^ ^ ^

The Miami Club is planning a meeting
for January at the time of the visit of the
Field Alumnae Secretary, Penelope Brown,
'32, and of the General Alumnae Secretary,
Dorothy Hutton, '29.

The New Orleans Club meets each
month, and plans to have at each meeting
a talk by an outsider. At the November
meeting the principal of a private school
in New Orleans spoke on "Some Recent
Trends in Modern Education." The club is
working on a project of raising some
money to be sent to Agnes Scott as a gift
from the group.

The New York Club held its winter
meeting in November. The club meets three
times a year: in the winter, for Founder's
Day, and in the spring. They are now
making plans to listen in on the radio
broadcast on February the twenty-second.

The Washington Club met on Novem-
ber the twenty-first with Peggy Whitte-
more, ex- '26. In October the members of
the club were entertained at tea by Willie
Wellborn, Institute. Their recently elect-
ed president is Vera (Hickman) Butts, '25.
Irene Garretson, '28, is secretary.

>f^' ^^^1^

^ounder^s IDay Trogram^l

Over "WS^^l

February 22, ig34l
y.30 to 4:00 0^ Clock!

Qentral Standard ^ime!

Tune In On

cAgnes Scott!

>^.tji^== ..gj^i*.

' ALUMNAE OFFICE
ANNA YOUNG ALUMNAE HOUSi

. A6NES SCOTT COLLEGlfc
DECATUR, GEORGIA

Cfie

ailttmnae <kmvttvlp

April, 1934

REUNION NUMBER

f

'^fie Hgnes ^cott Hilumnae (!^uarterlj

Published in Nov., Jan., April and July by the Agnes Scott Alumnae Association
Vol. XII APRIL, 1934 No. 3

Table of Contents

Officers of the Alumnae Association Fronf Cover

1934 Granddaughters Frontispiece

In Praise of Politicians 3

Stanley King

The Taliesin Fellowship 7

Frank Lloyd Wright

Development Progress 11

J. R. McCain

Women as Lawyers 13

Frances (Craighead) Dwyer, '28

Frances (Dukes) Wynne's Course in Pre-Parental Education .... 15

Dorothy Hutton, '29

Founder's Day at JHome and Abroad . 17

Founder's Day Greeting to the Alumnae . 22

Nannette Hopkins

The General Value of Membership 23

Mary E. Woolley

Office News 24

Class News 27

A Reminder 51

Commencement 5 2

Commencement Program Back Cover

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60

IN PRAISE OF POLITICIANS

Stanley King
President of Amherst College

(Reprinted here through the courtesy of The American Scholar, Phi Beta Kappa

pubhcation.)

Some fifty years ago Mr. Justice Holmes, in addressing a graduating class at Harvard
University, said, "War, when you are at it, is horrible and dull. ... I hope it may
be long before we are called again to sit at that master's feet. But some teacher of
the kind we all need. In this snug, over-safe corner of the world we need it, that we
may realize that our comfortable routine is no eternal necessity of things, but merely a
little space of calm in the midst of the tempestuous untamed streaming of the world,
and in order that we may be ready for danger. We need it in this time of individualist
negations, with its literature of French and American humor, revolting at discipline,
loving flesh pots, and denying that anything is worthy of reverence in order that we
may remember all that buffoons forget." He was speaking of the faith of the soldier,
a faith which has burned brightly in America's most distinguished living political
philosopher ever since he fought in the 20th Massachusetts Regiment in the Civil War.
We easily forget how large a part the soldier's faith has played in the development of
our thinking, our conventions, our attitude toward dangerous sports, our ideals, even
of our language. The ideal of the gentleman, the concepts surrounding personal honor,
the ideal of glory, the implications of patriotism, all are inextricably interwoven with
man's assumptions in regard to war. A large part of our literary heritage, both poetry
and prose, derives its significance and its beauty from our traditional attitude toward
the soldier's calling.

Today our young men and women in college are inspired by an idealism against war.
The students at Oxford University voted overwhelmingly against "fighting for King
and Country," and the students in our American colleges are moved by a similar ideal-
ism which finds expression in similar pronouncements. Their point of view finds support
and approval from a large number of our own generation, from men and women who
participated in the World War, who know its unspeakable cost, and who believe from
their study of history that wars are usually futile. This is a more revolutionary change
in the thinking of the Western world than is commonly realized. We have had wars
since time began, some of them frightfully costly in lives and property. Our own Civil
War impoverished a great part of our country for more than a generation and left a
legacy of bitterness which still lingered in the South until 1917. But never before has
Western civilization turned its face definitely against war and set itself so resolutely the
task of keeping the peace. The significance of this change in the realm of ideas is per-
haps more far reaching than we yet understand, for new ideas are a powerful ferment.
The old ideals based on our previous concepts are gone. The faith of the soldier has
lost its power to captivate our imagination and to polarize our thinking.

The alternative to war is negotiation. The alternative to violence and revolution is
adjustment by discussion. On the one side force of arms; on the other side the force
of words. There is no third alternative. And the way of adjustment negotiation, set-
tlement by talk is politics. One would expect, therefore, that there would develop
today side by side with our growing distrust of force as a means of settling controversy,
a growing hope and confidence in political procedures and an increasing respect for poli-
ticians. One might I think reasonably anticipate that as the soldier's uniform lost its
glamor, as the Field Marshal and the four-star General ceased to be popular heroes, our
young men would look up to our civilian leaders in politics and aspire to emulate the
men whose profession is based upon adjustments rather than upon bayonets. But the
contrary seems to be the case. We have witnessed a growing distrust of politicians, an
increasing cynicism as to political procedures. And this distrust and cynicism come
from the men and women of our generation and are transmitted by them to the young

4 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

men and women in our colleges. This cynicism is corroding the very heart of our insti-
tutions, the faith of our people in themselves and in their power of self-govern-
ment. Politics has become a byword of reproach: politician a term of opprobrium.

Let us examine some possible sources of this cynical distrust. The professional soldier
has always distrusted the politician. Throughout history the generals have been jealous
of civil control, have resented the intrusion of politicians into what they regarded as
their peculiar province. Instinctively they have recognized the antithetical positions
occupied by the two groups. The military caste in Japan have recently given a striking
example of the contempt in which they held the civil government. And we had not
had time to forget the insolence of the military caste in pre-War Germany and Russia
toward civil leadership. But this does not explain the distrust of the American private
citizen, the churchmen, the leaders of thought in a free people, toward its political
leaders.

The business man distrusts the politician. Here I suspect we approach our problem
more closely for the business man has become the dominant type in America. The busi-
ness man is an executive who wishes to get things done. He is not used to protracted
debate. He overlooks the truism that the duty of a political party in opposition is to
oppose and he regards the tactics of an opposition party as dilatory or obstructionist
when in reality it may be performing the function for which it exists. Furthermore,
the business man has developed during a perod when laissez-faire was still a respectable
economic doctrine, he has objected to legislation which restricted his activities or put
bounds upon his freedom to operate his business as he saw fit, he has found himself dis-
trustful of types of mind differing from his own, and has condemned almost equally
politician and college professor because they were not "practical," like himself. But for
many months now the business man has been sick very sick and this sickness has
tended to modify and mollify his hostility and distrust.

The scholar distrusts the politician. The clergy, particularly perhaps the Protestant
clergy, distrust him, perhaps because their own insistence is upon ethics, on making people
good, while the politician feels that his first and only imperative duty is to remain in
power and, in the common phrase, "get things done" that the first requisite of a gov-
ernment is to govern.

But whereas the art of government is the oldest art in the world, the art of govern-
ment by political parties, the art by which men are led to cooperate by persuading a
majority to adopt a course of action, is relatively young. We are inclined to forget how
recent is the development of our politics and of our politicians as we now know them.
We are accustomed to think of our Anglo-Saxon political institutions as coming down
to us from the dim past of English history, from the year books of the first Edward,
from the Magna Carta of John. As a matter of fact, our present system is a much more
recent development. After failing in the fifteenth and partally failing in the seventeenth
century, the British Parliament learned to govern in the eighteenth. Parties were at first
looked at with the greatest suspicion. To organize the members of Parliament into regular
parties, thus enabling Parliamentary Government to function, was not an easy task. In the
seventeenth century a political mistake by a leading politician was likely to cost him his
head. In the proceedings to impeach Danby in 1678 the Earl of Carnavon made a re-
markable speech in which he admirably summed up the results of the factional strife
in the seventeenth century:

"My Lords, I understand but little of Latin, but a good deal of English and not a little
of the English history, from which I have learnt the mischiefs of such kinds of prosecu-
tions as these, and the ill fate of the prosecutors. I could bring many instances, and those
very ancient; but, my lords, I shall go no farther back than the latter end of Queen Eliz-
abeth's reign, at which time the Earl of Essex was run down by Sir Walter Raleigh. My
Lord Bacon, he ran down Sir Walter Raleigh, and your lordships know what became of
my Lord Bacon. The Duke of Buckingham he ran down my Lord Bacon, and your lord-

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 5

ships know what happened to the Duke of Buckingham. Sir Thomas Wentworth, after-
wards Earl of Straflford, ran down the Duke of Buckingham, and you all know what be-
came of him. Sir Henry Vane, he ran down the Earl of Strafford, and your lordships know
what became of Sir Harry Vane. Chancellor Hyde, he ran down Sir Harry Vane, and
your lordships know what became of the Chancellor. Sir Thomas Osborne, now Earl
of Danby, ran down Chancellor Hyde; but what will become of the Earl of Danby,
your lordships best can tell. But let me see that man that dare run the Earl of Danby
down, and we shall soon see what will become of him." ["' "Parliamentary History of
England," edited by William Cobbett, Vol. IV, p. 1073 (30 Charles II, 1678-9) ].

Danby went to the Tower, but he did not lose his head. It was not until 1742 that
as Morley puts it, "Political mistake ceased to be a crime."

Politicians are the "salvage men" of government, as a recent English writer has pointed
out. They come in after a revolution and after the passions of men in revolution have
to some extent spent themselves. They construct a government. In England at the begin-
ning of the eighteenth century the work of such politicians as Walpole and his associates,
who followed the revolution which placed the House of Hanover on the English throne,
laid the fundations for the British constitution with its parliamentary responsibility. In
America we owe our own present form of government to men of the same type. Ham-
ilton, Madison, Adams, and Jefferson were all politicians. Their modes of thought, their
technics of action were those of politicians. Today we revere them as the Founding
Fathers; we have set them on a pedestal and endowed them with divine genius for gov-
ernment. We forget that they were made of the same clay, that they had the same
motives and jealousies, the same courage, and the same weaknesses as the politicians today
whom we distrust and criticise. The party struggles of their time were on a plane which
would not be tolerated today. The art of politics has made a significant advance in the
past century. You will recall that Washington, most distrustful of political parties, re-
quested Hamilton, who was an ardent soldier and on his staff, to retire from active par-
ticipation in the military operations of the Revolution and devote his energy to the prep-
aration of state papers and to those problems of civil government which would arise when
the Revolution should be over. But political parties as such were still suspect and Wash-
ington in his farewell address even cautioned the country against the danger of party
politics.

In the middle of the last century our politicians failed to resolve by adjustment the
great question which divided the country, although Lincohi was in many ways the ablest
politician which the country has produced. They could delay but they were unable to
prevent the Civil War. Yet a political party, as Allen Johnson has pointed out, was the
last bond between slave-holding and non-slave-holding states; and the party ties held long
after the ties of church and other social institutions had broken asunder.

We have been considering politics as antithetical to war, adjustment as the antithesis
to force, and so I believe it is. When the procedures of politics break down, war follows.
It has been believed in the past that politicians could not wage war successfully, that in
time of war countries should choose a strong military man, and give him supreme power.
Therefore in the World War there was an almost overwhelming demand in England for
Kitchener, and in this country a call, less insistent, but arising from the same lack of con-
fidence in politicians, for General Leonard Wood. It was said that we needed at least
temporarily a military autocrat to fight the German military autocracy. But historians
are now venturing to suggest that the experience of the World War showed that poli-
ticians were more competent, even in this field, than the professional military men.

We hear much today of the activity of the professors in Washington who make up the
Brain Trust. One Boston banker publicly deplores the intrusion of theorists into gov-
ernment. Many of us welcome them. Personally I may say parenthetically that I think
it will be an education for the professors themselves. They will return later to their
universities much wiser and better equipped for the instruction of youth and for the

6 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

prosecution of their researches becaiose of direct personal experience in the art of poHtics
as distinguished from the science of government. Of course it is not a new departure for
the government to call in university men, even though the designation of them as the
Brain Trust has stimulated the popular imagination. I remember very well how many
men from the faculties of our colleges went into the service of our Government during
the war. But the English, who have had longer experience than we in the art of govern-
ment, have called their scholars into the service of the government so frequently and for
so long, that it is not a matter of comment there. The chairman of the Department of
Political Science at the University of London told me recently that every member of his
faculty is expected as a part of his responsibility to the University to participate actively
in some way in the process of government. It fertilizes the government; it fertilizes the
University. Until we too expect this as a matter of course we shall be less mature polit-
ically than the English.

The answer, it seems to me, is not less politics but more politics. We as a people
must become more politically minded. We must understand the functions of our parties
and the way they properly operate the party system. If the people of this country were
politically minded, as they are commercially minded, I venture to suggest that our polit-
ical machinery would work more smoothly. It would have the understanding and
approval of our people, and political leaders would have the confidence and the faith
which in the past has been too much reserved for our leaders in business and commerce.
"We lose entirely the meaning of party government," said Dwight W. Morrow, "unless
we look upon it as one step, and by no means a final one, in that long and difficult prob-
lem of organization with which men have been concerned ever since they began to live
together in political parties."

What is the opportunity and the obligation of our colleges? If our colleges and schools
could send into the world each year a group of politically minded young men and women
who regarded politics as a great profession, and the art of government as the concern of
every citizen, if they should count the great politicians as more to be admired than the
leaders of business, then we might be sure that the political institutions of a free people
would survive. England has for years sent her best men from her colleges and her uni-
versities into the civil service. Professor Laski remarked to me that while he was in Har-
vard 1100 students passed through his course, of whom one went into the Government
service; in the University of London 800 students have come under his instruction, of
whom 50, and these his best students, are now serving their Government. I leave to the
mathematicians the computation of the relative weight of these simple figures; all of us
can understand their significance. If the faculties of our colleges believe in peace they
must hold up our civil leaders to admiration and emulation. They must encourage their
best students to enter the Government service.

The rejection of war by our students is an easy idealism. It expresses a noble aspira-
tion, perhaps nobler than that involved in the faith of the soldier. But its implications
are not easy. For the problems of civil life are more complex, "the doubts that beset
the way of the politician more baffling than those of the battlefield." If our young men
reject war, they must face the realities of the alternative; they must enter politics, not
scorn it; they must strive to understand the ways of the politician and the motives which
actuate him, and must prepare to play a positive part in the processes of government;
they must understand the leaders of peace, must support them and honor them. Then
only will they demonstrate that their fine idealism has the soundness and vitality and the
power that have been the basis of the faith of the soldier. Then we may approach more
nearly the ideal which Professor Morse ascribed to John Adams "for the divine right to
rule, whether claimed by King, Parliament, or Party, he substituted the divine, inde-
feasible right of the people to grow."

THE TALIESIN FELLOWSHIP

Frank Lloyd Wright
(Reprinted here through the courtesy of the Alumni Features Service.)

{Foreword: The Tahesin Fellowship, Spring Green, Wisconsin, has as its head and
directing genius, Frank Lloyd Wright. The Fellowship buildings are all located in a group
on State Highway 23 in Southern Wisconsin, upon a 200-acre farm about 40 miles from
Madison, and 3 miles from the nearest village. The Fellowship includes Mr. Wright,
achitect; a group of six honor men who have the status of Seniors in music, painting,
sculpture, drama, motion, and philosophy; in addition 70 qualified apprentices chosen for
work to be done. These, with technical advisors in the various crafts, constitute the
Taliesin Fellowship. Leaders in thought from many countries visit the Fellowship, some
residing there temporarily. The way of life is simple: Meals in common, fixed hours for
all work, recreation, and sleep; rooms for individual study and rest. Imaginative enter-
tainment is a feature of the home life: music, drama, literature, the cinema of our own
and other countries; evening conferences with musicians, writers, artists, and scientists,
who visit the Fellowship.

The Fellowship aims first to develop a well-correlated, creative human being with a
wide horizon, but capable of effective concentration of his faculties upon the circum-
stances in which he lives. There is no age limit, as long as the quality of youth and the
spirit of cooperation of the apprentice is characteristic. There is no specific time for
entering or leaving the Fellowship, except that no apprenticeships are accepted for less
than one year. Each apprentice is required to pay a fixed fee.

Among the present activities are the designing and making of furniture to complete
the Fellowship buildings. As soon as possible, work in weaving, photography, printing
and publishing, glass making and pottery will be projected in addition to the work already
being carried on.

With the work of Frank Lloyd Wright, modern architecture may properly be said to
begin. In a word, according to Lewis Mumford, he is our greatest American architect.
He has not only profoundly influenced architecture in this country, but all recent build-
ings in Germany bear the imprint of his ideas and ideals; reverent volumes have been
published about him in France and Holland, and he has been all but canonized in Japan.
Alexander Woolcott says of him, "If I were suffered to apply the word 'genius' to only
one living American, I would have to save it up for Frank Lloyd Wright." He reflects
an attitude which more and more the intelligent laymen as well as the imaginative archi-
tect is likely to take that the old architectural forms are dead, that the time has come
for absolutely new creations. No architect during the last century, probably none since
the Renaissance, has perceived so many fresh openings or projected so many possible lines
of attack.

Since 1910, when Europe first discovered the genius of Mr. Wright, his home has
been the shrine for every foreign architect of distinction who has visited this country.
They have been stimulated by his example; they have studied his writings; they have
taken up the clues he has thrown out, and have accepted through his demonstration the
inevitability of modern forms. What Walt Whitman was to American poetry, Wright
has been and more to all architecture.

Frank Lloyd Wright was born in Richland Center, Wisconsin, June 8, 1869, and
lives now at The Taliesin Fellowship, Spring Green, Wisconsin. But he has offices in
several cities throughout the world. )

Paper inflation and over-production have characterized education in our country for
a half century or more. We have manufactured white-collarites, both sexes, by the mil-
lion, and they are on our hands now, "for better or for worse". Textbook and classroom
education by way of "credits" and "degrees" has inflated utterly commonplace intelligences
far beyond their merits. And this mass production of the candidate for a white collar

8 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

job somewhere, somehow, is more serious than we imagine. I do not know how far the
machine has conquered its master. But I do know the old traditions are breaking down
and thousands of yotmg men and young women are wandering about the States with little
hope of the good life enjoyed by their forefathers. Every day it is becoming more dif-
ficult to be a decent failure, the prevailing success was so outrageous. There is only one
net result of the gamble in education more impotence. And as result of the economic
gamble more poverty.

Taliesin is concerned with the impotence that is consequence of the gamble in edu-
cation, believing young America over-educated and under-cultured: sex over-emphasized.
Nor does Taliesin believe the "artist" has any special claim to divinity such as he arro-
gates to himself. As the usual "graduate" is educated far beyond his capactiy, so the
"artist" sacrifices manhood to a bag of tricks. Both are insignificant. Personality gets
in the way of the quality of individuality genuinely divine in man and that relates him,
nobly, to all men.

As the "American" people our ingenuity is unquestioned. Intellectually we function
for certain specific purposes very well. But where the deeper needs of men are concerned
(we speak of these needs as Art and Religion) we beg or borrow or steal to assume the
virtues we have not, because we have been cut off from the life-giving sources of inspira-
tion by the very means we take to find and reach them. Take youth away from the ground,
put growth on hard pavements, pigeonhole it in the city, and the first step has been taken
toward impotence. Herd youth in schools, in colleges, text-book and classroom the grow-
ing period, and what have you but the lever of vicarious power in insignificant hands?
Send the more self indulgently egotistic youth to Art Institutes and again the vicarious
life and the insignificant "me". Technique, and nothing to do with it. Men of vision?
Men of deep feeling to create life anew and strength to meet defeat in that cause? Not
much of these qualities. Our youth runs to journalese and the wisecrack: stimulants and
inevitable craving. The "educated" youth must function in fashion, the critical fac-
ulty stimulated with no valid basis for criticism; choice predetermined in shallow or
narrow grooves; personality more and more mistaken for individuality; mechanical horse-
power or kilowatt mistaken for personal power. And noble selfhood has run down into
ignoble selfishness.

The salt and savor of life that is joy in work soon runs stale in our academic formula
and in our moded "institutions". A stale sap is the consequence. How can this knowl-
edge-factory education qualify any individual for the wrestle with machine-leverage
owned by selfish interests, or culture him for interpretation of life in this era unprece-
dented in all essential factors of the artifex? The two great inner experiences necessary
qualifications^ Art and Religion have gone to seed on the barren soil capitalistic central-
ization has become.

Architecture is the harmonious nature of all structure whatsoever, and this valid
structure and sense of it in our culture is lacking. In new materials and the multiple
powers of machinery we have greater resources for form than ever existed before and,
so, greater facility for failure. Knowledge of Architecture in this organic sense might
be the salvation of Twentieth Century life because it is the natural center line of any
true modern culture. An architect of an organic social order would then be our states-
man. The poet-philosopher would be architect of our spiritual life. The architecture
of sound intrigued Bach and Beethoven as music. The architect himself on any natural
or organic basis becomes useful interpreter of the life of his era. Search for new forms
is particularly his because we live in them and live by them. Painting and Sculpture
are features of such architecture. As for literature, the writer committed to the literal
knows less of life as architecture in this sense but, unfortunately this writer is the
writer we have. By way of him the literal has invaded, confused, and corrupted the
plastic arts imtil in all artists deeper appreciations and realizations that have always recre-

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 9

ated, refreshed and lifted life above pleasure into joy are no longer potent. Our society
knows pleasure but how little joy; knows much excitement but no true gaiety; has lost
innocence of heart in exchange for an arid sophistication that may debunk anything but
can make nothing but machinery. Reverence is dead. Even reverence for money is
dying. To machine-power we still do reverence but human powers and human values
are in the discard. If we pretend to do them honor it is by expecting to get around to
them again some day somehow.

Well, Taliesin believes the day has come for Art to take the lead in "Education";
believes the time ripe for rejection of the too many minor traditions in favor of great
elemental Tradition; sees needed decentralization as going forward in new spirit with
new forces to old ground, free above artificial anxieties and all vicarious powers, man able
and willing to work again as the first condition of true gentility. Taliesin sees work,
where something is growing and living in it, as not only the salt and savor of existence
but opportunity for bringing "heaven" decently back to earth where it belongs. Taliesin
sees art as the needed expression of a way of life in this machine age if civilization is to
live. Feet on the ground Taliesin would go forward, mechanical leverage made more
simple and effective, to realization of more human values in everything. By new stand-
ards of success Taliesin expects to measure the man for a nobler environment and beget
in him a better correlation of sense and factor. Not a back-to-the-Iand movement. No.
Nor is Taliesin interested in art for art's sake. It is interested in practical appreciation of
the gift of life by putting the man's sense of it into the things he makes to live with and
in the way he lives with them. When he makes them he must make them his own and
make them worthy of his spirit. When he does that he will know well how to live with
them with greater satisfaction of the demand real men make upon themselves.

The language of an ideal? Guilty. But it takes only faith and the ideal to defeat
defeat wherever there is good work to be done and capacity definitely to do it. Faith nor
Ideal are yet dead in our country although we are doing our academic, dollar-minded best
to kill them, seeing both as the sentimentality they have mostly become. Faith and the
Ideal are alive at Taliesin in spite of the "system" and in some ways more alive because of
the new efficiencies humanity has bought at a terrible price.

The Fellowship is an experiment? Inevitably. But an experiment knowing direction
definitely from experience. The experiment may fail but even so, more valuable to life
in our extremity at the end of this epoch than so many of the successes acclaimed or
achieved in the past.

As for the young men and women who are voluntary apprentices: A group of vol-
imteers; no courses, no credits, no examinations, no teaching. A work in progress and
many refugees from "Education" doing all they can to help it forward wherever the work
'ies and whatever it may be. Meantime they are being as natural and kind as is possible
to intelligent social human beings designing and creating a new integrity in the atmos-
phere of environment. Conscious of the design of the whole as organic, together with
good workmen in their craft, they are planning buildings, felling trees, sawing them into
lumber, quarrying rock and burning lime to lay the rock in the wall. Laying the hewn
stones in the wall. Sculpturing likely stones and carving likely blocks of wood. Turning
the sawed lumber into structure, trusses and furniture. Plastering walls, frescoing them.
Digging ditches. Working with the ground. Washing dishes, caring for their own
rooms. Planting and harvesting. Making roads. Farming, planning, working, kitch-
enizing and philosophizing in voluntary co-operation in an atmosphere of natural loveli-
ness they are helping to make eventually habitable. A consistency seldom seen in any
country. Here is building, painting, music, sculpture and motion as good work, m a
preat correlation toward an end dimly foreseen, it is true. So Taliesin is a way of life,
a "road", perhaps "better than the Inn". At any rate action is a form of idea and idea
is, as surely, a form of action in that life.

10 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

But the action known at Taliesin is unthinkable as "academic". Good correlation,
a good background, sane feehng for what we call the work of Art and some ability to
wprk with initiative are essential qualifications for the apprenticeship which is a practical
form of the co-operative competition that is growth. Individual initiative must awaken
in the apprentice or he will lose hmself in unaccustomed freedom and become a nuisance
or a betrayal. And yet in this freedom sometimes seeming chaotic are being made
better plans for the special buildings needed by the fai-m, factory and countryside so
badly. If we are ever going to get started again we must have more rational, appropriate
forms and better and more sensible furnishings and utensils; more honestly significant
painting, sculpture and music. We must use our industrial achievements better where
the user is concerned. More sane and beautiful ways of using our tools and synthetic
and natural materials essential to any true economy are needed. We must have more rhyth-
mic and free interpretation of life in all these things we live with and live by. Most of
all we must be more free within ourselves. Taliesin is either making necessary forms
or is going to make them soon. Nor is the Fellowship blind to the sociological changes
necessary if the new forms are going to become properly effective to society.

And Taliesin has a Tradition that of an organic architecture for America: center
line for a valid culture. Love, Sincerity, Determination, and Courage are the only com-
mandments. They are the common sense basis of the creative arts and of any life worth
living. As for economic basis this more or less spontaneous activity in which the novi-
tiate may be lost, or find himself, the Fellowship has a two hundred acre farm and as
another there are yearly fees fixed at about what a medium grade college education
would cost plus what work the apprentice can do. Eventually, paid services to Industry
in design-research will cojitribute substantially to put the tools needed into the hands of
the workers and to reduce or perhaps eventually abolish fees so that worthwhile young
men and women may work for their living, not as education but as culture. Out of this
endeavor is coming an appropriate, somewhat cosmic, place in which to live and work.
And play, although when work is play mere play becomes rather irksome at times. The
margin of leisure is no problem nor is overproduction nor is the length of the working
day. Competition aims to be a form of voluntary co-operation. Institution and routine
are avoided wherever possible. Here is a workplace, rather, and a decent way of life as
spontaneous as still may be so that growth may be joy not the too much pain it has
become in current effort. Our textbook is the one book of creation itself. Our class-
rooms are to be the various workshops of the artist.

DEVELOPMENT PROGRESS

J. R. McCain
It has been some time since we made a report concerning the progress of our Develop-
ment Ftmd Campaign, and I believe that our many alumnae will be interested in learn-
ing the facts.

As many of you will recall, we began our efforts in 192 8. Our goal was to raise a
total of $1,500,000, of which $1,000,000 would be used for new buildings, land, equip-
ment, and general improvements, while the other $5 00,000 would go for endowment
and scholarships. The first success of importance was the offer of the General Educa-
tion Board of New York to furnish $500,000 if we could secure from other friends the
balance of $1,000,000. This was a tremendous encouragement to us. Our happiness
was due not only to the financial assistance which was most needed, but also to the fact
that this action was a distinct exception to the general policy of the Board and thus a
remarkable tribute to the work which Agnes Scott has been doing.

We launched our campaign in 192 8 with a very wonderful meeting of faculty and
students in which we had approximately $80,000 subscribed in one day. After that
we worked quietly with very few helpers until the autumn of 1930. By that time, wc
had gotten within $300,000 of our goal, and we took our cause to Atlanta and to our
widely distribvxted group of friends with a whirlwind type of campaign. This was under
the leadership of Mr. J. K. Orr, our beloved Chairman of the Board, and Mr. George
Winship, who endeared himself to all Agnes Scotters. This effort was so successful that
on July 1, 1931, we were able to report subscriptions for the full $1,500,000 which
had been our objective.

The General Education Board agreed to pay us in cash $ 1 on their pledge whenever
we would report to them $2 collected on our other svibscriptions, and they allowed us
three years within which to secure full payment. The expiration date is July 1, 1934.

There has never been a harder time for collections than since we began on ours; but
we have done quite well, we think. Our trustees, faculty, students, alumnae, and
other friends have paid in almost exactly $73 3,000, and we have collected from the
Board $341,000, and they are ready to send to us $2 5,000 more when we make a requisi-
tion for it. This makes a total sum of $1,100,000 which we have secured no small
achievement for the worst depression in the history of our country. This leaves a bal-
ance of $400,000 yet to be obtained. One-third of this sum will come from the Gen-
eral Education Board if we can collect the other two-thirds.

There is no denying that we have yet a difficult task. We have 1,800 subscribers
with pledges not fully paid and these amount to $276,000, out of which we need to
collect $266,000 in order to win in full. Very few people have cancelled their pledges
and nearly all have been making sacrificial efforts to help as far as possible. We cannot
thank too heartily and gratefully those who have been standing by us. We could cite

12 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

many cases of heroic giving. We know perfectly well that many of our finest alumnae
and best friends cannot do anything from a financial standpoint just now, and we cer-
tainly think as much of them as if they could assist, but we are earnestly hoping that
enough can help on their pledges to enable us to meet our great need and to win a great
victory.

Our friends will doubtless be interested to know how we have spent the money which
has been collected. About $325,000 has been used in building and in equipping Buttrick
Hall, our class room and office building. "We spent $125,000 for a new steam plant
and laundry. It has taken $130,000 to purchase and to improve the land which we have
added to the campus. Our new walks and drives required $3 5,000, and the white way
lighting system with underground wires will account for $16,000 more. Some of our
older buildings have been remodeled and additional equipment has been bought to the
extent of $65,000, while the balance of approximately $400,000 has been added to our
endowment and scholarship funds.

We do not see how Agnes Scott could have survived on a first class basis without
the support which this campaign has given. By virtue of the support which has come
from it, we have been able to operate without any deficit and to keep up the high
standards of previous j^ears. It has been necessary to reduce somewhat the salaries of our
faculty, but we have been able to pay promptly the amount proposed.

It is with a feeling of satisfaction and of encouragement that we look forward to
the future. Our confidence is based on such leadership as we have had from Colonel
George W. Scott, Dr. F. H. Gaines, Mr. Samuel M. Inman, Mr. J. K. Orr, Mr. C. M.
Candler, and other supporters who have laid such sure foundations. The loyalty of our
alumnae, of our faculty, and of our students has been unsurpassed. The remarkable
showing made by our friends in the South has been the chief factor in creating interest
among the big foundations of other sections. Once again we thank you with all our
hearts.

WOMEN AS LAWYERS

Frances (Craighead) Dwyer, '28
(A talk made over the radio on one of the weekly Agnes Scott programs.)

Women with the Bachelor of Laws degree have attained great successes in law and
in related fields, as is attested by the recurrence of their names in lists of public officials
and of eminent lawyers.

Perhaps the best known is Mabel Walker "V^'illebrandt, who recently came before
the public eye as Assistant Attorney-General of the United States. Miss Willebrandt
supervised liquor law prosecutions and, following her plans, the Supreme Court has
erected a great bulwark of decisions enforcing the Volstead Act and the Eighteenth
Amendment.

Florence Allen, of Ohio, is the first woman judge of a supreme court. Her first
appointment was as county prosecuting attorney; next she was judge of the court of
common pleas, and now of the Supreme Court of Ohio. Judge Allen proved her ability
in a case which established the right of charter cities in Ohio to extend municipal suf-
frage to women citizens. She has always been interested in woman's problems, and dur-
ing the World War appeared before the Federal War Labor Board in behalf of women
street car conductors in Cleveland. She has made a thorough study of international law
and is a proponent of the peace movement.

Mary ^Grossnvan, of Cleveland, is a miunicipal judge in charge of the morals court.
This division was created a$ part of the police court to handle all vice and crime cases
which have a sex foundation. "Judge Mary" is noted for her great sympathy and under-
standing with her offenders. She has been described by Cleveland's safety director as
better than a hundred policemen. She was the first woman to be admitted to member-
ship in the American Bar Association and the Commercial Law League.

Ella Marie Failor, New York lawyer, at the age of twenty-seven, was Assistant
Federal Attorney and prosecuted several who conspired to conceal bankruptcy assets.

From Georgia have come three aggressive woman lawyers who have made national
names for themselves. Miss Stella Aiken, after practicing law in Savannah for sixteen
years, was appointed special assistant to Attorney-General Cummings to unravel com-
plicated maritime claims. Miss Annabel Matthews, of Gainesville, is the one and only
woman member of the United States Board of Tax Appeals. After graduating from
college, she entered the Internal Revenue Bureau and later studied law in Washington.
She is an authority on tax matters, and twice has been sent to Europe as an expert rep-
resentative of the government to attend international conferences on tax matters. She
was one of three official American delegates at the International Conference on Double
Taxation under the League of Nations. Jessie M. Dell, of Sylvania, is the first and only
woman member of the United States Civil Service Commission. After finishing public
school Miss Dell entered her father's law offices for legal training. She went to Wash-
ington in 1899 and was employed as a clerk in the claims department to settle Spanish-
American War claims. At the outbreak of the World War she was chief clerk in the
contract division of the government. Her first big contract was for fifty-six million
army blankets. When Miss Dell was permitted to select her own subordinates, she
selected women in every instance. Miss Dell has always supported the principle that
where women and men were equally fitted for public service, a woman should not be
discriminated against because of her sex.

Women lawyers do not necessarily usurp places which men could fill. They fre-
quently assume positions for which they, as women, are better equipped to occupy. The
woman lawyer has a greater understanding of home and family problems and sees clearly
the interests of the children to be protected. Women lawyers have participated actively
in child labor legislation, in the passage of compulsor}' education laws, and in removing
legal disabilities which were imposed upon the woman at common law and by colonial
statutes.

14 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

In the past, legal education was not available to girl students. Today, however,
nearly all of the larger law schools in the country are co-educational. The ideal prepara-
tion for practise is four years' work in the Arts college, followed by the law degree,
though many excellent schools require only two years of undergraduate work. Although
there is no fixed pre-law course, certain subjects can be recommended as most helpful.
English History furnishes an understanding for the development of the common law.
A study of Latin simplifies the Roman legal phrases. A knowledge of anatomy is helpful
to the lawyer in drawing and trying damage suits. Psychology aids the lawyer in under-
standing his clients as well as himself. Economics and Accounting give the lawyer an
insight into complex business operations. The student who plans to practise law should
take an active part in debating, as the principles of debating aid greatly in the trial of a
case. A study of debating aids in clear thinking, conciseness of statement, and persuasion
of argument qualities essential to a lawyer.

The prospective lawyer should take an interest in student affairs, particularly in the
working of student government. She should seek offices in college clubs, for the execu-
tive experience to be derived therefrom is invaluable. The lax\rj'er must be a good
"mixer." She must like'people and must make a special effort to be congenial with peo-
ple of various tastes and personalities. She must be versatile. Office and trial work
must not be her only pursuits. Judge Mary Grossman has been interested in the
woman's movement and has held offices in suffrage organizations. Jessie M. Dell has
varied diversions. She enjoys movies, old-fashioned southern music, and likes to unravel
complicated detective stories. Stella Aiken has participated actively in politics. She
was secretary of the Democratic State Convention, and Vice-President of the Russell
Club. Judge Florence Allen, in addition to her legal work, studied music in Berlin for
two years, conducted a musical column in Cleveland during her student days, and has
published a volume of very creditable verse. She uses her leisure time in studying the
peace movement, and during one vacation went to Geneva to obtain first-hand infor-
mation.

The woman lawyer must be courageous. Stella Aiken, in her practise, handled not
only civil cases, but had the coiurage to defend murderers, not one of whom was
hanged. Florence Allen had the courage to break away from all popular tradition and
ran a successful race for the judgeship against her male contestants.

The careers of these women indicate the possibilities and the heights which the woman
lawyer can attain provided that she, as they, has initiative, ability to concentrate, and
is willing to do hard work over a period of years, first in the law school and later in
practise.

FRANCES (DUKES) WYNNE'S COURSE IN PRE-
PARENTAL EDUCATION

Dorothy Hutton, '29

The work of one of our alumnae, Frances (Dukes) Wynne, who attended Agnes
Scott from 1909 to 1913, has attracted local and state-wide attention in Florida. The
subject of her project is interesting at all times, but the fact that it is an actual course
open to high school students makes it even more so. Her tireless enthusiasm and capable
leadership have contributed a great deal tO' its success, and her recognition has been well
deserved.

Mrs. Wynne is now teaching school in a private institution in Miami Beach, Florida,
from nine to twelve each day. From two to three, she teaches this course in Pre-Parental
Education at Miami Senior High School. In addition to these duties, she is the director of
Parent Education for the Florida Congress of Parents and Teachers, has given a radio
course on Parent Education, has conducted a correspondence course for training Parent
Education leaders. On the domestic side, Mrs. Wynne keeps house and supervises the edu-
cation of her young son and daughter, Pauline being enrolled to enter Agnes Scott in
September with the class of 193 8.

The course is offered to high school stvidents (girls), who are carefully selected from
the graduating class. On May the seventeenth, 1933, the following letter, directed to the
parents, was sent out from the office of the dean of Miami Senior High School:

"We are oflfering a new course in our high school next fall.

"Realizing the mistakes which have been made unwittingly in rearing 'the youth of
today/ we are endeavoring to offer, to a limited number of girls, a course in Pre-Parental
Educa^tion. The object of this course is to give these girls specific training for home-
making and parenthood under the following heads: Home Planning, The Soc/al Aspect
of the Home, The Biological Aspect of the Home, Child Psychology, Child Care and
Training, Sex Hygiene, Choice of the Life Mate.

"This course is sponsored by the Parent Education Department of the Florida Con-
gress of Parents and Teachers, and by the State Board of Health at no expense to the
school. This work will cover the entire year, and will be given full credit toward
graduation.

"The teacher of this course will be Mrs. P. M. Wynne. For three years she has had
charge of Parent Education of the State of Florida with the Florida Congress of Parents
and Teachers. She is a capable teacher, and a woman of charming personality.

"Yoiu" daughter is one of the limited number who has been chosen to elect this
course, provided she has your permission.

"Please signify below your wishes in this matter."

A written reply from the parent was filed in the office of the Dean, and to those
girls whose parents had given permission the course of instruction was thrown open, free
of charge. The group started out with twenty-nine members, and has dropped to twenty-
eight, since of that number one withdrew from school.

It is hard to imagina a class of this type in a high school, unless it has been seen in
progress. Such a pleasure was mine on January the seventeenth, at the time of my visit
with Penny Brown, '32, to the beautiful Miami Senior High School. Beginning promptly
at two-ten, the class was called to order and the work for the day began with a
business-hke flurry. Members of the class were that day making oral reports on definite
assignments. The scope of this course is so broad, that much of the work is done by
individuals out of class time and the material reported to the other members of the class.
The class was conducted well, but informally. The girls possessed a remarkable amount
of poise in giving their reports. Any question raised by the material reported was an-
swered immediately and whenever possible by the reporter. Mrs. Wynne's position was
more as a presiding officer, and her opinion was given only when necessary.

16 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

Among the reports I heard were three of unusual interest. The first dealt with the
subject of Individual Differences, a discussion based primarily on differences that natur-
ally arise between the sexes because of a disparity in mental abilities, likes and dislikes,
and inherited weaknesses. Under the last mentioned haemophilia, sex-linked and sex-
limited characteritics, color blindness were discussed with the utmost intelligence by
all in the group. The second report was on "Being Well Born." The great contribution
of Mendel to science in his discovery of his well-known law was noted. The class paused
to copy into note-books, "It is easier to weigh an invisible planet than to measure the
force of heredity in a single grain of corn." Charts showing dominant and recessive
characteristics and the results of breeding were displayed and explained. The third report
was on the "Normal Mind." A definite emphasis was placed on the importance of mental
hygiene, placing it on a par with physical fitness. Maladjustments were reported as the
results of abnormal mental health. The part of physiology (in the function of cells and
glands) and of psychology (in the evidence of attention and concentration) and of
psychiatry (in the reeducation in the event of mental disorders) and of sociology (in the
consideration of group integrations) was explained in detail. Cases known to all in the
group were indicated as examples of normal and abnormal mental conditions.

The importance of the work Mrs. Wynne is doing cannot be minimized. She is
definitely making it possible for the girl with non-college opportunities to equip herself
for home life; she is making it easier for the girl who will attend college to understand
her own self and so become more easily orientated.

Arthur Brisbane, well-known editor, heard of Mrs. Wynne's work and asked for a
complete outline of her course as offered. He is but one of the many people who have
evidenced their interest in her project and assured her of their belief in its program. We
of Agnes Scott wish her all success and appreciate the fact that Agnes Scott can in a
measure claim something of her recognition.

FOUNDER'S DAY AT HOME AND ABROAD

Sandwiched in between a recommendation for a fool-proof treatment of la grippe
and one equally as appealing for an indispensable hot water heater, was the Agnes Scott
Founder's Day radio broadcast over WSB. The program went out through the courtesy
of this station from three-thirty to four o'clock on February the twenty-second. The
hour, selected at the suggestion of alumnae groups throughout the country who oper-
ate on a different schedule of time from Atlanta and interested definitely in a meeting,
but not at dinner time, seems to have been a poor one. Therefore, we preface any article
on this subject with an apology, supported only by our explanation.

We had hoped to include among the speakers for the afternoon Miss Louise McKinney
of the English Department and Mr. J. K. Orr, Sr., Chairman of the Board of Trustees.
Luck was against us here, too. The former has never forgotten the awful experience of
her first public appearance, before the conclusion of which she was but a wee small
voice speaking from behind a rather ample chair on the stage. The latter excused himself
in his usual whimsical manner, and his explanation we print in full: "Thank you for
your kind remembrance for February the twenty-second. Alas that it should remind
me that I am just 'another point to the bad'! It hits right in the middle of my rest
hours for each day, so I will ask you to excuse me this time. Maybe after I get this
'Biblical Four Score' behind me, I can make a new start. "With sincere affection to all
your members, believe me, cordially yours, J. K. Orr, Vintage of February 21, 18 57."

The program as presented, however, was one of which we could feel rightfully proud,
featuring as it did Miss Hopkins, Dr. McCain and an alumnae quartette under the direc-
tion of Gussie (O'Neal) Johnson, ex-'ll. The members of this quartette were: Madge
York, '33; Frances (Gilliland) Stukes, '24; Gussie (O'Neal) Johnson, ex-'ll; and Mrs.
Lawrence Mansfield, special student in the Voice Department. The talk given by Miss
Hopkins is printed here in full, in response to a definite request from an alumna who
heard the program. Dr. McCain's article, of peculiar interest to alumnae at this time,
is also published in this issue. The songs by the quartette included: The Purple and the
White, Sylvia, The Fairy 'Pipers and The Alma Mater. A solo, Long, Long Ago, was sung
by Frances (Gilliland) Stukes, '24.

Thanks to the numerous telegrams which came in, the program went off with-
out a hitch and the time was accurately filled down to the last second, when the radio
audience was once more edified by hearing of that patent device without which no home
is efficient. We wish to take this opportunity to thank all who participated on the pro-
gram for their cooperation, and particularly Gussie (O'Neal) Johnson, ex-'ll, who did so
much in preparing the quartette for this radio appearance, and Evelyn Wall, a student
at Agnes Scott, for playing the accompaniments.

In preparing copy for the program, it was interesting to find that the custom of
observing Founder's Day as it is now carried out originated with the class of 1918. The
write-up in the 1918 Silhouette voiced the feeling of the members in stating: "It is
hoped that this will find a place among the honored traditions of Agnes Scott and be
come an annual event." It seems distinctly complimentary that this custom has not only
been preserved, but that it has also been but slightly modified, even by students six-
teen years later.

The celebration of Founder's Day was not, however, limited to a campus observance
or to the reception of the broadcast that achieved but poor success in reaching alumnae
throughout the country. Many groups and individuals observed the day in their own
way, some knowing full well that getting the program could not be counted on to take
them back in spirit to our Alma Mater. Let us turn to these groups and see what were
their plans at that time:

18 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

The alumnae of Birmingham, Ala., enjoyed a banquet on the night of the twenty-
second at Waggoner's Tea Room. Features of their program were: a message from SaUie
(Horton) Lay, '25, president of the group; messages from the College as read by Anna
Meade, '23, who but recently returned from New York, where she was president of
that club; and the reading of Barrie's Twelve Voitnd Look by Anabel (Stith) Self, ex-'23.

The alumnae in Montgomery, Wetiwipka and Millbrook, Ala., met informally at the
Blue Moon Inn at three o'clock, and enjoyed the literature sent them from the office toJ'
the occasion.

Ttiscumbia, Sheffield and Florence, Ala., alumnae enjoyed a joint meeting in Tuscum-
bia with Mary Wallace Kirk, '11. In the words of Ruby Lee (Estes) Ware, '18, we
have the following report: "We met for tea at Mary Wallace's home, about nine of us.
The broadcast came in very clearly and distinctly, and we were as always thrilled.
Mary Wallace insisted that we elect new officers, although we urged her to continue
as president for our group. Helen (Hendricks) Martin, '30, of Sheffield was elected
president; Polly (Irvine) Rice, '30, of Florence was elected secretary. We are always
thrilled to get together, and think we will get busy and do something marvelous, but
always our four children or our missionary society or the many 'et ceteras' take all of
our time, and all we do is keep on loving Agnes Scott."

In Los Angeles, Calif., the alumnae were invited to tea on Sunday, the eighteenth
(by intriguing personal invitatons in the form of hatchets) , with Alice (Greenlee) Groll-
man, '25. The invitation read: "This comes to axe you if you will come to our Founder's
Day Special George Washington Party. Cherry-ly yours, Elaine Exton. ex-'31." Elaine
is president of the group. Being ahead of schedule with their meeting, the group was
also forehanded about their telegram, and it put in its appearance on Monday, the
nineteenth, thereby relieving the minds of those of us managing the program by letting
us know that we would have at least one message to fill in the space left for such
greetings.

The group of Albany, Ga., Agnes Scotters met for tea with Evalyn Wilder, '30. Her
guests included: Mrs. W. M. Wilder (Evalyn's mother) and Mrs. W. M. Furlow (whose
daughter, Michelle, is a freshman at Agnes Scott this year) , in addition to the alumnae.

The Atlanta Agnes Scott Club was entertained by Sue Lou (Harwell) Champion,
Institute alumna and whose daughter, Jennie, is a jtuiior at Agnes Scott this year. They
listened in on the broadcast as though the program were coming to them from many miles
away. The alumnae present numbered about eighty.

The Decatji^r Agnes Scott Chib met with Lucy (Durham.) Goss, Institute; with
Emma Pope (Moss) Dieckmann, '13 Susie Johnson, Academy alumna; and Lucy (John-
son) Ozmer, ex- 10, as co-hostesses. To their meeting were invited Mrs. Nellie Scott
Candler, Eliza (Candler) Earthman, ex-'ll, and Nell Scott Earthman, a prospect for
the '34-'3 5 session. These three guests are respectively daughter, granddaughter, and
great-granddaughter of Colonel George Washington Scott.

Katherine Anderson, ex-'18, got the alumnae of Marietta, Ga., together for an in-
formal gathering. She reports on their meeting: "There were only six of us who gathered
here this afternoon for the Founder's Day broadcast, for tea, and for looking through
the up-to-date literature sent us and through the annuals of the years 1905, 1907, 1909,
1910, 1911, 1915, 1916, 1918, 1920, 1921, and 1932 as well as a 1915-
1916 memory book. Those here were: Maude (Medlock) Christian of the Institute. Her
son is Dr. Schuyler Christian of the Physics Department at Agnes Scott and is the
husband of Lucille (Coleman) Christian, ex-'30.); Elizabeth (Wylly) Willingham, ex-
'08; Hazel (Murphy) Elder, ex-'12; Sarah (Patton) Cortelyou, ex-'18; Aimee D.
(Glover) Little, '21; and myself, an ex-'18. There were several others who had planned
to be with us, but were prevented at the last minute. We invited the high school

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 19

seniors, but they had something else planned. We enjoyed the broadcast very much,
especially Miss Hopkins. Her talk was so wonderful and just like her as we all know
her. There is no Agnes Scott girl who hasn't known Miss Hopkins and loved her. We
all look forward to next February the twenty-second and its Founder's Day program."

The Savannah, Ga., alumnae were organized by Anne (Ehrlich) Solomon, '30, for
a Founder's Day meeting. Of this, Anne writes: "We had tea in the Oglethorpe suite
of the Savannah Hotel charming room, excellent service, and such a mob! It re-
sembled a Decatur-bound Decatur car about five-forty-five P. M. any Saturday. We
had all of ten enthusiastic alumnae present! Shall I name them? Of course, they're
the very ones you'd expect: Nell Brown, '3 3; Mary Cope, '30; Louise Falligant, Insti-
tute; Betty Peeples, '32; Dorothy Smith, '30; Sarah Williams, '32; Amelia Wolf, '33;
Dorothy Coleman, '28; Ruth (Blue) Barnes, '14; and I. There were a few others who
really wanted to come and couldn't. We enjoyed the program, although we heard it
very faintly. WSB will have to add a few thousand more kilowatts (or whatever it is)
or move their station for us to get it better. But we, who were there, enjoyed getting
together and no doubt will whenever there's an occasion."

A loyal bunch of Agnes Scotters in far-off Chicago, III., met for tea with Martha
(Brenner) Shryock, '15. Charis (Hood) Barwick, '16, reports on this: "You will be
glad to hear that eleven of the loyal daughters of A. S. C. met yesterday afternoon for
tea with Martha (Brenner) Shryock in Evanston. Several of us had planned to enter-
tain the alumnae this year, but Martha insisted that we meet with her. Those present
were: Lillian (Beatty) Schuhman, Academy; Martha (Lakes) Matthews, '24; Reba
Vinnedge, ex-'24; Eloise Lower, Academy; Margaret (Sienknecht) Lotz, ex-'lO; Blanche
(Ryan) Brim, ex-'22; Annie E. Cameron, ex-'16; Isabelle (Simpson) Fink, Academy;
Martha (Brenner) Shryock, '15; Annette (Carter) Colwell, '27; and myself. We had
a jolly time, talking over old times at A. S. C, exchanging our experiences with Century
of Progress guests, relating the doings of our husbands and children, etc."

Louisville, Ky., alumnae met for tea with Helen (Wayt) Cocks, '21. Since Helen
had just moved prior to this date, we were particularly grateful to her for having a
meeting.

It is seldom that we can brag about a state-wide meeting, so perhaps you, gentle
reader, will be lenient if we break into vmcouth boastings about the Mississippi alumnae
Agnes Scott can claim. They met as a group in Jackson with Shirley (Fairly) Hen-
drick, '19. Annie Tait Jenkins, '14, state president for Mississippi, was largely respon-
sible for the idea of such a get-together. The work of Sarah (Till) Davis, '22, in carry-
ing out her plans, cannot be minimized. Of their meeting, Annie Tait Jenkins writes:
"Yon will be happy to know that the luncheon was successful yesterday in Jackson,
although only a small group met. There were alumnae from four towns present; the
luncheon was a happy one; we sent greetings to Miss Hopkins at two P. M., and later
met at Shirley (Fairly) Hendrick's home for the program and organization. The broad-
cast was a failure, on account of weather conditions. You would have laughed, or maybe
wept, had you seen us kneeling near the radio, vainly trying to catch some sound dear
and familiar! Sarah (Till) Davis heard Dr. McCain's voice once. Eleanor Whyte
caught Miss Hopkins' loved voice one second, and I heard a faint musical sound about half
a second! That was all. But we organized a state-wide club, with officers as follows:
president, Shirley (Fairly) Hendrick, '19, of Jackson; vice-president, Annie Tait Jen-
kins, '14, of Crystal Springs; secretary, Sarah (Till) Davis, '22, of Fayette; and treas-
urer, Charlotte Hammond, '17, of Kosciusko. These serve one year; then next February
we will have a constitution, and we'll begin really to do more work for A. S. C. We
hope that the broadcast was received well by the majority, and even we caught the
spirit so much, that we stood and sang the Alma Mafrr at four P. M. So we are loyal
Hottentots, after all, don't you think?"

20 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

Betty Gash, '29, who has succeeded Anna Meade, '23, as president of the New York
Agn^s Scott Alumnae Club, was the moving spirit in organizing that group on the
twenty-second. In Betty's words, we hear about the meeting: "As for the dinner, it
was a success, I think. We had twenty-five present, and considering that it was a stormy
night and a holiday, we thought that was doing pretty well. It is harder to get people
together here than most anywhere, I'm sure. Out of the hundred and more letters we
send out for each meeting, we usually get responses from about fifty less than half.
But each meeting has brought us in a few new members, so I hope that in time we will be
in touch with most of the New York aliminae. As for the fake broadcast, it proved
very successful much more so than I had hoped. Sara Townsend, '30, who was respon-
sible for the whole thing, was unable to get her assistants together for any sort of re-
hearsal. You have no idea how difficult it is to get a group together here. So Sara
wrote the speeches and mailed them to the girls, and without any rehearsing they did
their stunts. We had planned to have one of those microphone attachments which they
could use in another room, but the people who attached the thing for us didn't do it
right, so they had to move the radio in front of the door and the performers hid behind
it. But it went off splendidly and apparently was enjoyed by all. Gussie Dunbar, '30,
'took off Dr. McCain beautifully; Ruth Pirkle, '22, was Miss Hopkins; Judy Blundell,
'33, was Ella; Sara Townsend, '30, was Mr. Tart; and Lillian White, '27, impersonated
you (the Alumnae Secretary). In between were songs by the Glee Club and fake tele-
grams were read."

The Asheville, N. C, Agnes Scotters met with Virginia Earle, ex-'30. Those present
were: Katherine Wright, '32; Beth Taylor, ex-'16; Marion (Green) Johnson, '29;
Maurine (Bledsoe) Bramlett, '27; and Mera (Neary) Cannon, ex-'30.

Eva (Wassum) Cunningham, '23, as president of the Coluvibia, S. C, alumnae,
organized that group for a meeting. Eva writes: "February the twenty-second is
always an interesting day for Columbia alumnae, interesting because it is the only time
^ during the year they meet, and interesting because they celebrate Founder's Day, along
with all the other alumnae. This year we met with Rosa (Aubrey) Gooding, Institute.
Our crowd was not as large as in the past years, as many found it impossible to be
present at the afternoon hour. Six alumnae and one alumna's mother, two mothers of
present sophomores at Agnes Scott, and three prospects for the College formed our
crowd. The program came through as well as usual and especially well during Dr.
McCain's and Miss Hopkins' talks. We were delighted to hear their voices and their
greetings and news. After the broadcast, Geraldine LeMay, '29, told the group about
the course at Agnes Scott, stressing in detail the Fine Arts Department. She also men-
tioned the new building which is proposed for this. Helen Wright, '24, told some facts
about the present student body number, calibre, rules and regulations and some-
thing of the condition of the College financially after the years of depression. Eva
(Wassum) Cunningham, '23, read several interesting news items gathered from Ago-
nistics, Auroras and the alumnae news letter. We had a number of copies of the
Agonistic which the crowd enjoyed. The hostess served delicious refreshments, and
the talk quickly fell into the usual line of 'my day and your day,' and the inevitable
companions for better or worse. We hope the three prospects are as enthusiastic and
anxious to go to Agnes Scott as the Columbia alumnae are about having been there.
Those present were: Rosa (Aubrey) Gooding, Institute; Virginia (Lancaster) McGowan,
'18; Geraldine LeMay, '29; Harriet (Milledge) Salley, ex-'08; Louise (Sherfessee)
Withers, '28, and her mother; Eva (Wassum) Cunningham, '23; Helen Wright, '24;
Mrs. Reid Spencer, Mrs. C. E. Davis, Elizabeth Caldwell. Eliza King and Mary Willis."

Spartanburg, S. C, alumnae were for the second time entertained as Founder's Day
guests of Eleanor (Pinkston) Stokes, '13. Eleanor's interesting account of this meeting
follows: "I was so glad to get all the news about Agnes Scott's Founder's Day and to do
all that I could for the College. I was able to get in touch with all of the Spartanburg

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 21

aliimnae, and had them out for tea. The broadcast came in very well, except the first
part when the static was quite bad. We could hear all of the telegrams read quite
distinctly, and, after all, that is the best part of the program to each true alumna,
I believe. It always gives us a thrill to hear Miss Hopkins speaking to us again."

Alumnae of the KnoxvHle, Tenn., Club met with Mabel (Dumas) Crenshaw, '27,
in Clinton, Tenn., for lunch. After the election of officers for the club for the next
year, the club listened in on the radio broadcast.

Margaret (Smith) Lyon, '22, who has taken over the duties of the Memphis, Tenn..
Club, entertained the group at her home. Of this, she writes: "We had twelve present
and enjoyed getting together, but we couldn't get Atlanta at all. There was nothing
but static, so we finally gave up. Twenty had accepted, but faculty meetings and
various things kept them from coming. The ones who did come were: Emily (Allen)
Roberts, ex-'22; Cecile (Bowden) Mayfield, ex-'23; Louise (Capen) Baker, '27; Nell
(Coats) Pentecost, ex-'09; Rebecca Harrison, '05; Bertha (McWilliams) Keenan, special;
Elinore (Morgan) McComb, '29; Margaret (Rowe) Jones, '19; Elizabeth Shaeffer, ex-
'19; Mary Shewmaker, '28; Margaret (Smith) Lyon, '22. We enjoyed the views and
literature about the College."

From NasJjville, Tenn., come two reports on their Founder's Day meeting. Olive
Graves, '28, writes: "The Founder's Day program in Nashville was a tea and social
hour at the Rendez-vous. The broadcast wasn't clear enough to distinguish the words,
although Ella (Smith) Hayes, '25, Mary (Ansley) Howland, ex-'29, and I sat on
the floor with our ears glued to the radio until the end. We could tell what was hap-
pening, and we heard some one, whom we decided was Mrs. Stukes, singing Lon^, Long
Ago. Those were the only three words we could understand. Araminta (Edwards)
Pate, '25, and Anna Marie (Landress) Cate, '21, did all the work and made all the
plans this time. After all the work, Araminta was unable to attend. We had ten pres-
ent. We had a very pleasant afternoon, although we did not hear the Atlanta pro-
gram. Thisi is the second year we have not been able to get the broadcast. I suppose
it is because of the powerful radio stations here." Anna Marie (Landress) Cate, '21,
reports: "Ten of us met at the Rendez-vous at three-fifteen, ready to hear the broad-
cast. As usual, we couldn't get a word of it. But Olive Graves, '28, read the alumnae
news letter from the office, and we had a thoroughly enjoyable time over our tea cups.
We hope that our telegram was received. Quite a few were prevented from attending
because of illness. Those who attended were: Mary (Ansley) Howland, ex-'29; Lois
(Bolles) Knox, '26; Sarah (Flowers) Beasley, ex-'24; Eudora (Campbell) Haney, Acad-
emy; Olive Graves, '28; Margaret (Smith) Kingdon, '3 3; Ella (Smith) Hayes, '2 5;
Georgia (Weaver) Wiggington, ex-'22; Margaret (Leech) Cook, '19, and L"

Richmond, Va., reported a meeting through Nannie Campbell, '23, their president:
"I rented a radio and sent out twenty-eight cards about the Founder's Day meeting.
I did not have the time for personal contact with each one on the list. I enjoyed those
who came immensely, but I kept thinking how much nicer it would have been to have
had the others, too. Margaret Glass, '33; Marjorie J. Broce, special; Ethel Freeland,
'29; Margaret (McLaughlin) Hogshead, '21; Margaret (Shive) Bellingrath, '20; Eliza-
beth Sydnor, 28, of Charles Town, W. Va., and T were the ones present. On account
of the time of day, we were not able to hear a word, but we enjoyed the letters, etc."

We wish to express appreciation for the wonderful cooperation of the alumnae
throughout this section in getting groups together for Founder's Day. The newspaper
notices were valuable advertisement for the College; the contact with high school
students was invaluable, too. We wish to thank particularly those who took time to
write and those who sent telegrams. We mention under the last head these individuals
and groups:

Porter Cowles, ex-'3 3; Laura Ross, ex-'34; Dorothy Bradley, ex-'34; Betty Hansen,
ex-'34; Virginia Tillotson, ex-'34; Caroline Lingle, '35; Adele Arbuckle, '31; the New

22 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

York Alumnae Club; Eleanor (Pinkston) Stokes, '13; the Nashville Founder's Day
group; Elaine Exton, ex-'31; the Albany, Ga., alumnae; Elizabeth (Shippen) Tate, Acad-
emy; Lois (McClain) Stancill, '23; Louise (Hendrix) Buchanan, '24; Louise Fluker,
'21; Sarah Tate, '25; Mr. and Mrs. Vivian Sydenstricker (son and daughter-in-law of
Mrs. Alma Sydenstricker of the Agnes Scott Bible Department) ; Em (Eldridge) Fer-
guson, '10; Mary Charles Alexander, '3 3; Martha North Watson, '30; Anita Boswell,
'31; Margaret Belote, 33; Louise Robertson, '29; Edith (McGranahan) Smith T, '29;
the alumnae of Montgomery, Wetumpka and Millbrook, Ala.; Laura Brown, '31;
Martha (Stackhouse) Grafton, '30; the Asheville, N. C, Founder's Day group; the
Charlotte Agnes Scott Club; the Columbus Agnes Scott Club; the Knoxville Founder's
Day group; the Atlanta Agnes Scott Club, and the Mississippi alumnae meeting in
Jackson.

GREETING TO THE ALUMNAE

Nannette Hopkins
Dear Girls:

Heartiest greetings to you every one! Many of my happiest memories cluster around
you. Our love and interest follow you no matter how far you may wander from the
"sheltering arms." The news of your faithfulness, efficiency, and leadership in your
various fields of service fills our hearts with joy and pride. Your Alma Mater rejoices in
your love and loyalty. Through your influence, conscious or unconscious, many fine
girls are coming to Agnes Scott.

Looking into the past, we realize that Agnes Scott embodies in itself the spirits oi
many who have labored for it. This afternoon we pay special tribute to him whose
birthday we celebrate. May we never forget that it was the generosity of Colonel George
Washington Scott that made our College possible. As we think of the early history of
the College, we recall with profound gratitude the untiring work of Dr. Gaines, Mr.
Inman, Mr. Orr, and other outstanding leaders whose faith and courage met and over-
came almost overwhelming difficulties and discouragements. With deep apprecianon
we remember all who by their influence, their service, and their gifts have made Agnes
Scott what it is today.

From the very beginning of its history this institution has been guided by a definite
purpose which has shaped its policy and moulded its character. The ideal which has been
kept constantly in view is: a liberal curriculum, high standards of scholarship, the forma-
tion and development of Christian character. The ideal Agnes Scott student is one who
not only fulfills the academic requirements for graduation, but who also is conspicuous
In loyalty to the College, in ideals of service, and in ability to cooperate. She also
possesses physical fitness, poise and graciousness. Thousands of young women have been
inspired to nobler and fuller lives by these standards. Daughters of Agnes Scott, may
you, in your united strength, carry onward to all whose lives you touch these ideals of
your Alma Mater.

Dear Girls, come back to your "second home" whenever you can. A warm wel-
come always awaits you.

To relatives, to friends, to all who are "listening in" this afternoon, a very cordial
greeting.

THE GENERAL VALUE OF MEMBERHIP

Mary E. Woolley

(Chairman of the International Relations Committee of the American Association of

University Women.)

The value of membership in the American Association of University Women would
naturally be answered in different ways by different individuals and groups. There is
little question in the minds of college women graduated from colleges ineligible to mem-
bership. Nor is there doubt in the case of college graduates living in sections of the
country where other opportunities for college contacts and study are few and far between.
Both of these groups realize to the full the advantage of membership.

In urging that value I have particularly in mind college graduates living in sections
of the country where there are many opportunities for intellectual growth as well as for
contacts with groups of persons having similar interests. What is the use of adding a
membership under these circumstances? First, from the point of view of the individual.
The Headquarters of the American Association of University Women has become an edu-
cational headquarters. Many questions and problems in educational lines may be referred
to the office of the Director and answered by experts not a slight advantage in a day
when problems have invaded the educational field as well as every other.

Again, Headquarters has prepared a scheme of studies and bibliographies along many
lines bearing on civic and economic questions as well as on the purely educational.

Headquarters has become, also, an authority on international questions and the Secre^
tary of International Relations is in a position to give answers to many perplexing ques-
tions as well as supply outlines and bibliographies for study of international relations.

Membership in the Association means close contact with other university women from
all parts of this country through state, sectional, and national gatherings in itself not
of little value in broadening and enriching the life of the individual.

Membership in the Association means membership in the National Clubhouse at 1634
I Street, Washington, and also an opportunity to use the other clubhouses Crosby Hall
in London, and Reid Hall in Paris. If there were no other advantage accruing from mem-
bership, this would more than compensate for the outlay in annual fees.

There are other ways in which the value of membership might be urged, from the
point of view of the individual, that is, what she gains thereby, as for example eligi-
bility to hold world fellowships for advanced study, fellowships not granted to non-mem-
bers. It seems to me, even more important is the point of view of what the individual
may give. In this age of problems, university women throughout the nation ought to
stand shoulder to shoulder for the best interests the best interests of the community,
especially along educational lines bearing upon the public schools; the best interests of
the nation, in the perplexing questions which it faces; the best interests of the world,
through international relations. Every membership fee gives added power to the Asso-
ciation in developing and strengthening its work. More important than that important
as it is every additional member means that the Association is a greater power for good.
If, instead of approximately 40,000 members, it included all who arc eligible, the influ-
ence of the Association on questions of general welfare, communal, national and inter-
national, would be infinitely increased.

HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS from ten
local high schools were entertained at the
College on March the seventeenth. Two
hundred seniors registered for the day.
They were entertained as guests of the
College for lunch; as guests of the Physical
Education Department for exhibition
matches in water polo, archery, and tennis
and for a dance recital and plunge period;
as guests of the Spoken English Depart-
ment and Blackfriars, they enjoyed a one-
act play, "War Brides"; as guests of the
Cotillion Club they were entertained with
music played by Graham Jackson, well-
known Atlanta negro pianist. The Atlanta
Club cooperated with the College in mak-
ing this entertainment possible. ,

MISS DEXTER AND MISS 0MWAI<:E,
of the Psychology Department, have re-
cently had three of their experimental psy-
chology studies accepted for publication.
These vdll appear in magazines during
the early spring and summer. ,

TWO HUNDRED ALUMNAE who paid
their membership dues for the year 1932-
1933 have as yet not paid their dues for
the current year. This appeal is to all
who fall in that category. The Associa-
tion is trying not to have to eliminate
the summer issue of the Quarterly. Please
let us have your check today, and so save
the life of this next number.

THE AGNES SCOTT WEEKLY
BROADCAST is now scheduled for the fif-
teen minutes from six to six-fifteen every
Wednesday night. The programs have been
well received and the reports on them
have been most gratifying. Among those
who have received fan mail as a result of
their radio appearances are Miss Mary
Stuart MacDougall, of the Biology De-
partment, and Frances (Craighead) Dwy-
er, '28, whose article appears in this issue.

THE FRESHMAN AGONISTIC was
awarded the cup as being the best of the
class publications submitted to a commit-
tee of judges recently. This gives fair
warning that the upper classmen had bet-
ter look to their laurels!

THE ALUMNAE AND FIELD ALUM-
NAE SECRETARIES wish to take this
opportunity to thank alumnae in Florida
for their wholesale cooperation with them
in January, at the time of their visit there
in the interest of the College. Seventeen
large places were visited; alumnae groups
met in Miami, Tampa and Jacksonville for
meetings'; twenty-seven high schools and
two junior high schools furnished audi-
ences to hear a talk on Agnes Scott and
to enjoy a moving picture of the campus
activities.

REUNION CLASSES THIS JUNE are
the classes of '03, '04, '05, '06, '22, '23, '24,
'25, '32, '33. Liberal amounts of literature
on Commencement will be sent these class
members but take this notice personally if
you are one of those lucky alumnae to be
reuning this May.

PHI BETA KAPPA in February elected
the following students to membership:
Polly Gordon, of Chicago, 111.; Lucy Goss,
of Decatur, Ga., and daughter of Lucy
(Durham) Goss, Institute; Marion Mat-
thews, of Atlanta, Ga., and Virginia Pret-
tyman, of Summerville, S. C.

1919 PHI BETA KAPPA MEMBERS,
but recently appointed are: Minnie Clare
Boyd, Lois EVe, Margaret (Leech) Cook,
Louise (Marshburn) Riley, Frances
(Sledd) Blake, Dorothy (Thigpen) Shea,
Marguerite (Watts) Cooper.

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

2J

HELP WANTED with the addresses for
the following alumnae: Louie Dean (Ste-
phens) Hays, '22; Joan Fish, ex-'33; Helen
(Jackson) Hoffman, ex-'32; Betty (Hud-
son) Clayton, ex-'32; Adele Botts, ex-'32;
Elise Calmes, ex-'23; Perlina (Cash) Gil-
mer, ex-'28; Sara (Collier) Langston, In-
stitute; Esther (Dismukes) McCormick,
ex-'21; Evelyn Eastman, ex-'27; Cynthie
Farie, Academy; Corinne (Funkenstein)
Newmark, ex-'09; Catherine (Haugh)
Smith, '22; Addie (Hill) Summerson, In-
stitute; Marion (Hulsey) Collier, Insti-
tute; Rose (Kahnweiler) Baum, ex-'32;
Cornelia Ledbetter, ex-'27; Marie (Lederle)
Myers, ex-'09; Ti-acy L'Engle, Academy;
Elizabeth McCarrick, ex-'24; Evelyn
(Sprinkle) Carter, '26; Charlotte (Thomp-
son) Aiken, ex-'lT; Mary (Zachry) How-
ell, Institute; Mary Kirkpatrick, Institute.

THE GRANDDAUGHTERS whose pic-
tures appear in the frontispiece are: Ora
Muse, '37, daughter of Eliza (McDonald)
Muse, ex-'lL; Fannie B. Hai-ris, '37, daugh-
ter of Lillie Bell (Bachman) Harris, ex-
'09; Lucile Cairns, '37, daughter of Lucile
(Colclough) Cairns, Institute; Dorothy
Lee, '37, daughter of Clara (Rusk) Lee,
Institute; Barton Jackson, '37, daughter of
Clyde (McDaniel) Jackson, '10; Florence
Preston, '34, daughter of Annie (Wiley)
Preston, Institute; Alberta Palmour, '35,
daughter of Mary (Crenshaw) Palmour,
Institute; Ethel Gaines, '36, daughter of
Ethel (Alexander) Gaines, '00, and grand-
daughter of Dr. F. H. Gaines, the first
president of Agnes Scott; Mary Henderson,
'36, daughter of Ruth (Home) Henderson,
Academy; Frances McCully, '36, daughter
of Margaret Lilla (Wilson) McCully, In-
stitute; Elizabeth Forman, '36, daughter
of Mary (Dortch) Forman, Institute, and
secretai-y of the Granddaughters' Club;
Isabelle Lowrance, '34, daughter of Grace
(Hollis) Lowrance, Institute; Martha Red-
wine, '35, daughter of Lucy (Reagan) Red-
wine, '10, and vice-president of the Grand-
daughters' Club; Charlotte Reid, '34, ward
of Mary (Hubbard) Teter, Academy, and
president of the Granddaughters' Club;
Martha Johnson, '37, daughter of Ruth
(Dolly) Johnson, special student.

THE BALLOT OF THE NOMINATING
COMMITTEE has been sent to all paid
members of the Alumnae Association.
Alumnae who will not be able to attend
the meeting in May are asked to return
these ballots with their vote indicated.
Space has been left for a nominee not se-
lected by the committee. There will also
be additional nominations from the floor.
Don't forget to vote.

ALUMNAE HOUSE GIFTS AND IM-
PROVEMENTS include the following: A
dozen washcloths given by Emily Spivey,
'25; cup towels for the kitchen, given by
Martha Stansfield, '21; lovely rust colored
glazed chintz draperies for the Tea Room,
given by the Decatur Agnes Scott Club;
curtains for the upstairs living room, made
possible by the generosity of the group
who met from Tuscumbia, Sheffield, and
Florence, Alabama, on February the twen-
ty-second; and a new coat of paint for all
the furniture in the Tea Room and addi-
tional china, made possible by a return of
money from the Decatur Bank and Trust
Company.

THE NEW YORK ALUMNAE CLUB
has elected Betty Gash, '29, to succeed
Anna Meade, '23, as president. Anna has
had to return to Birmingham, Ala. In
December the group met at the Waldorf-
Astoria for tea, with thirty-three members
present.

THE WASHINGTON, D. C, CLUB
wishes to report the following: The Agnes
Scott Club of Washington, D. C, met at
the home of Irene Garretson, '28, on the
evening of May 22, 1933. The meeting
was called to order by the president. The
minutes of the last meeting were read and
approved. Peggy Whittemore, ex- '26, read
the campus letter advising of the fifteen
minute broadcast by Agnes Scott over
WSB every other Wednesday night from
eight to eight-fifteen, beginning May the
third. It was decided to continue to meet
during the summer. Refreshments were
served and the meeting adjourned. On
July the fifteenth the Agnes Scott Club
enjoyed a "Dutch Treat" luncheon at the
Madrillon. On August the second Rachel
(Brock) Sullivan, ex-'17, entertained the
Agnes Scott Club at a delightful supper
in her garden and a most enjoyable eve-
ning was had. On October the twenty-
ninth Willie Wellborn, Institute, enter-
tained the Club at a lovely tea in her
home. The Agnes Scott Club of Washing-
ton met at the home of Peggy Whittemore,
ex-'26, on the evening of November the
twenty-first. The meeting was called to
order by Vera (Hickman) Butts, '25. The
minutes of the previous meeting were read
and approved. Rachel (Brock) Sullivan,
ex-'17, read the September Alumnae Club
letter. Janice Brown, '24; Marguerite Ken-
nedy, ex-'34, and Susan Glenn, '32, read
letters from Dorothy Hutton, '29, General
Secretary, Louise (Brown) Hastings, '23,
Chairman of the Grounds Committee, and
Emily Spivey, '25, Chairman of the Com-
mittee on Local Clubs, with reference to
the Alumnae Garden deficit. Mary (Har-

26-

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

ris) Younge, '22, read the October Alum-
nae Club letter. The motion that each
member donate fifty cents to the Alum-
nae Garden carried, it being felt the sim-
plest method to make the gift the Club
desired. After an enjoyable social time
and delightful refreshments, the meeting
adjourned.

THE NEW ORLEANS CLUB has ap-
pointed Ruth (Hall) Bryant, '22, president,
to succeed Grace (Carr) Clark, '27. The
New Orleans group is also planning to
make a definite contribution to the Alum-
nae Garden in the spring.

CWA MONEY has recently made it pos-
sible for the alumnae office to have three
assistants, students who work approxi-
mately ten hours each a week. This money
is placed with deserving students who are
trying to work their way through college.

THE ATLANTA CLUB regi-etted the
serious illness of Louisa (White) Gosnell,
and her consequent resignation as presi-
dent of this group. She has been succeed-
ed temporarily by Frances (Craighead)
Dwyer, '28. The group sponsored a bazaar
in December, a luncheon at Sears and Roe-
buck in January, a Founder's Day get-to-
gether in February, a party for the high
school seniors of Atlanta and Decatur in
March, and is now working on the project
of a benefit bridge party for April.

THE DECATUR CLUB very generously
gave the Tea Room new curtains of rust
colored glazed chintz. They were de-
signed and made by Davison-Paxon's of
Atlanta. The Decatur group has also been
an active one recently. They are sponsor-
ing a luncheon at Sears and Roebuck in
April and are looking forward to enter-
taining alumnae children at their annual
party in May.

THE AMERICAN ALUMNI COUNCIL
NEWS reports the following items: Life
Memberships at fifty dollars and nearly
four thousand of them in the bag! That's
California. And Bob Sibley tells us that
they are still increasing the number in

spite of the times. Whenever an alumnus
pays his annual three dollars Bob virrites
him a neat letter he can telling him of
the advantages of life membership, ten
dollars down and a bonus copy of the
beautiful "Romance of the University of
California." A husband and wife pay only
;seventy-five dollars; no penalty if they fail
to live together for life.

The University of Illinois Alumni As-
sociation is trying to solve the problem of
diminishing membership returns by per-
sonal solicitation, especially in Chicago,
where the maximum number of prospects
can be reached with a minimum of effort.
Solicitors are recruited mainly from the
unemployed alumni in the younger classes,
and are paid on commission. A Chicago
branch office has been opened, which is in
charge of a sales manager who is in charge
of all the solicitors. Results so far have
not been breath-taking, but a few mem-
berships are coming in every day. The
solicitors not only sell memberships, but
also advertising for the Alumni News, and
are collecting news items and changes of
address. The Alumni Association is not
only helping its membership situation but
is doing at least a little for alumni un-
employment. The solicitors are not only
doing something now but. in their contacts
with older alumni they may find new open-
ings for better paid work.

Office help paid for with CWA funds is
at work in the University of Virginia
Alumni office. J. Malcolm Luck, Alumni
Secretary, is responsible for securing this
aid for his organization.

The alumnae of the Woman's College of
the University of North Carolina (Greens-
boro) may have an Alumnae House upon
their campus soon. Negotiations underway
now to secure a loan from Washington, to
supplement funds already raised by the
alumnae, appear likely to be successful.
Miss Clara B. Byrd, Alumnae Secretary of
the North Carolina Woman's College,
proudly displays the architect's sketches
and plans for the new building.

A Word to the Wise

We are now mdiling out:
Ballots

Invitations to the Trustees Luncheon

We hope to mail you the

July Quarterly

Give us the right to see that
you get these items.

Commencement!

Ten are the classes to reiine

When spring is here and almost June.

Three and four and five and six

We hope to see here with their tricks,

While twenty-tivo and twenty-three

We're counting on to furnish glee.

Twenty-four and tiventy-five

Into ivelcoine amis will dive

And thirty-two and thirty-three

Will bring back girls we'll want to see.

If perchance you're one of these.

You're ivanted back Commencewent , please!

So don your hat and pack your bag,

And patch your dress if it should sag.

Forget your teaching, leave the law.

Send the kids to a rich in-law.

Park your husband, leave your boss,

Drive your car or ride you^r horse.

Come by train or come by bus.

So long as your route is back to us.

We've greased the gates and swept the walks

And set the benches out for talks.

Hurry, Agnes, notv's the tim^e

To visit College in your primel

Program for

Commencement

Thursday, May 24-

Meetlng of the Executive Board.
Meeting of the Alumnae Council.

Friday, May 25

Meeting of the Trustees.

Decatur Club's Party for Alumnae Children.

Saturday, May 26

Meeting of the General Association.
Trustees' Luncheon.
Blackfriars' Presentation.

Sunday, May 27

Baccalaureate Sermon.

Vespers.

Alumnae Open House.

Monday, May 28

Reunion Class Activities.

Class Day Exercises.

The Mikado, given by the Glee Club.

Tuesday, May 29

Commencement.

(Dr. Blanche Col ton Williams of Hunter
College, Speaker.)

lUT-.?

liHL. i.

'JoC

ANNA YOUNG ALU

AGNES SCOTT COLLEGE
DECATUR, GEORGIA

Alumnae

aittly. 1934

Mhmmt O^uarterlp

Published by the

AGNES SCOTT ALUMNAE ASSOCIATION

Decatur, Ga.

>>^'8'^*^^*^'^*I*****I*'^^**t***I***^**T*****I* !***** ***t*^^

^fit Bgnesf ^^tott Alumnae <!^uarterlj'

Published in Nov., Jan., April and July by the Agnes Scott Alumnae Association
Entered as second class matter under the Act of Congress, August, 1912.

Vol. XII July, 1934 No. 4

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Frontispiece 4

Changes in Development Plans J

J. R. McCain

Heritage 6

Blanche Colton Williams

Beyond College Walls 12

John D. McKee

Our Intellectual Treadmills 15

J. D. A. Ogilvy

The International Relations Aspects of Membership in the A. A. U. W. IS

AuRELiA Henry Reinhardt

Annual Reports of the Alumnae Association 20

Office News .30

Personal News 32

>J*^^{<*^^>^^^t^l(*1^t|M^^4{<^^^^*^^^$*{42*^{>.^^^^l^l^{4)*{.$>^*}>^*^*$*J*>^.$**{^<$* ^4* *i*^*{**i* *$**!* *$**l^

Inman Hall

CHANGES IN DEVELOPMENT PLANS

J. R. McCain

When our Development Program was outlined a few years ago it included among
other items $140,000 for the Gaines Memorial Chapel, $100,000 for a new dormitory and
dining room, and $130,000 for a Music Building and Auditorium. One of our most
liberal supporters inquired, "Will not the College have entirely too many assembly rooms
or auditoriums?" If our plans are carried out as above outlined, we would have quite
a number. Our gymnasium can seat 1800 people. Our present chapel will provide for
500. Gaines Chapel was sketched to accommodate about 1200. The main auditorium in
the Music Building would accommodate 1000, and a smaller one in the same building is
planned to take care of 2 50. Five such halls for a student body of less than 500 would
be a rather generous provision.

It has become evident that we will not be able to collect in full the subscriptions
which were taken for our program. We are very hopeful that we may be able to go out
and get new funds; but, if we do this, they will almost certainly be designated for
scholarships, endowment, or a library. The Board of Trustees has found it necessary,
therefore, to revise somewhat the outline of expenditures.

We should like ver}'^ much to have a new dormitory, but we can get along for the
present with the cottages which have been used. We have long felt that it would be
very nice from a social standpoint if our students should all eat in the same building. It
would certainly be more economical if our cooking were all done in one kitchen. We
are planning, therefore, to use the present chapel for a second dining room so that all
the students would eat in Rebekah Scott Hall, about half in the present dining room
and about half in the converted chapel.

We have been very eager to have a separate building for our chapel. However, we
never received enough subscriptions to erect a building if they were fully paid, and
over half of them have not yet been paid in cash. It does not seem possible at the present
time to erect that building, and yet we are very anxious to have right away some
memorial for Dr. Gaines.

The Trustees have agreed, as a temporary arrangement, to give to the auditorium
in the Music Building the name of Gaines Chapel. This is acceptable to the Presser
Foundation who are putting up the larger part of the money. As most of the exercises
of the campus would be held there, it would not be burdensome to designate the place as
Gaines Chapel in Presser Hall.

It is the desire to all connected with the College to have a separate building when the
money may be available. What has been collected would simply be added to our in-
come-producing funds for the present and the proceeds used for scholarship purposes
until we can determine whether eventually enough may be paid in to go forward with
the building as planned. When this is done it will be a simple matter to transfer the
Gaines name from the auditorium to the new building.

There would need to be very few changes made in the auditorium as planned in order
to use it for religious purposes. We would probably wish a very heavy curtain which
would cut off the stage and its equipment from the auditorium on worship days. Such an
arrangement has been used to great advantage at Emory University.

We believe the plans above suggested will not interfere with the efficiency of the
College. They are economical and sensible under the existing circumstances. We believe
that they will meet with the unanimous approval of all who are fully aware of the cir-
cumstances.

HERITAGE

Blanche Colton Williams

Head of the Department of English, Hunter College of the City of New York.
(Delivered at Agnes Scott Commencement, May 29, 1934)

Members of the Board of Trustees, Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen of the
Faculty, Students, Parents, Other Citizens, and Members of the Graduating Class:

Class of 1934 O pnlcberrimae, docthsimae, vos saliifo! today is your day, your pri-
mary impressive climax! From your egocentric point of view, toward the 'blown, blue
flower' of this moment all that ever was on earth has led. For twenty years, one-fourth
of the octogenarian span, you have learned of your inheritance. What is that heritage,
and what will you do with it?

For you the Great Law set star-dust whirling to mold this ball, surrounded it with
the proper gases, conferred upon it a temperature endurable to life. For you, after bil-
lions of years, that Law created behemoth to roam the primeval forest, leviathan to
plough the vasty deep. Prehistoric mammoth laid down his body, measuring his length in
the bog that held him through the ages, so you today might read that first autograph, and
more than mildly surmise what manner of strange creatures once owned the globe. The
same Law created man, gave him "mind, the lordliest proportions, and above the rest,
dominion in the head and breast." The same Law urged man, with curiosity and con-
sciousness ever-expanding, to know all he might know, to do all he might do. As vaster
boundaries succeeded narrower limits, he envisioned ever greater realms; old margins faded
before the march of his achievement, and the Great Law of creation advanced through its
own masterpiece. You have inherited the dreams and the experience of man.

From some region (perhaps the central plain of Asia, perhaps of Europe who
knows?) your Indo-European ancestors wandered. From Russia, through Germany, Den-
mark, Norway and Sweden, toward the north; through Greece and Italy and France on
the south, to England and Wales, eventually across the Atlantic, the Aryans trekked
their way. In peace, they shepherded flocks, cultivated the ground; in war, became ex-
pert in offense and defense; and the fittest, surviving, became primitive architect, sculp-
tor, inventor of signs for communication of ideas Egyptian hieroglyph, Gothic rune,
Roman script; became astrologer, then astronomer, poet, lawmaker. Yours is the heritage
of man's experience in science and art.

A variation in the establishing of geographical boundaries, or a shift in the history
of nations, and you might not be here today; if Egypt, Chaldea and Assyria had not
risen and fallen exactly as they did, you might not have lived. As a poetic writer has
phrased it, "There was a time when Job watched Orion from the Plains of Shinar, and
Tubal Cain melted his brasses, and you were not," and now you always must have been.
Let us assume, in a generous way, that your immediate origins were British, Italian, Greek,
Russian, French, German, Spanish with additions from that other greatest human
family, the Semitic what have you for your particular heritage? From the Greeks,
architecture, perfected in the Parthenon at Athens and the Temples at Passtum; the
sculptures of Phidias; the Dramas of Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides; the Poetics of
Aristotle; the Republic of Plato; the discoveries in medicine by Hippocrates in Kos and
Aesculapius in Epidaurus; the poems of Sappho "But," you murmur, "there is not time
to review the whole college course!" And rightly; though that would be the perfect
Commencement address which rounded up for you your undergraduate years. More
summarily then: religion from the Hebrew; law from the Roman; humor from the
Irish; thrift from the Scotch; music, litei'ature and philosophy from Greek and German;
courtesy and po! if esse from the French; courage and love of home from the English; cour-
age and endurance from your American pioneer forefathers something of these heri-
tages from all these nations O, and much else! Morals; codes of honor; ideals of beauty;
above all, human experience, transmitted to you through the medium by which you
become inheitor, the medium known as education. One of President Nicholas Murray
Butler's favorite sayings is, "There is nothing new under the sun." At the inauguration

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 7

three weeks ago of Doctor Eugene A. CoUigan, who has just been made Pi-esident of
Hunter College of the City of New York, President Butler was repeating once again this
quotation. Mayor LaGuardia retorted that there is something new every day. Each is
right. President Butler speaks as the philosopher; the Mayor, as a practical man of affairs.
Truth is old: applications of truth are new.

Last month a student in Leningrad wrote, deploring the ignorance to which the
existing system of education in science condemns the aspirant for knowledge: "We want
to know what works of art have been left us by Greece and Rome. We want to know
Goethe, Dante, and Beethoven. We desire to know the history of human development."
Some of these students believe, it is reported, that the Sahara is the capital of Australia.
They know how many tons of coal are produced annually by their mines, but do not
know the location of Vienna. The lament of Soviet youth indicates that a classical
training is the best foundation, even for special education in the sciences; and since the
protest, the system has been ameliorated: history and geography as well as statistics will
be taught. How would you like to be deprived of your long roll of names names
for you significant of human experience, whether of good or evil? Cleopatra, Judith,
Boadicea, and Molly Pitcher; Washington, Wellington, and Gordon of Khartoum; Kant,
and Descartes, and Comte; Jenny Lind, Sarah Bernhardt, and Eleanore Duse; Margaret
Fuller, Florence Nightingale, and Edith Cavell for you, Georgians, Sidney Lanier, Joel
Chandler Harris, and Button Gwinnett Button Gwinnett, the first signer of the Dec-
laration of Independence, whose name within this month of May, 1934, brought over
ten thousand dollars at auction! Your trustees, your college president, your dean, your
professors, all of whom in you shall have their continuation as in them you have your
individual heritage. Above all, for you the gratefully treasured name of Agnes Scott!

Fortunately, for the capacity of the human mind, few comparatively are the known
personal names of all history. The author of Hydriotaphia was right: most men must be
content to be as if they had never been, to be found in the register of God rather than
in the record of man. Earth knows most of us no more forever after awhile: even
"Imperial Caesar, dead and turned to clay !" But the Leningrad student wished to
know, too, the history of human development. If not a writer's or warrior's or inventor's
name were left to us, books, inventions, and epoch-making events would remain to stir.
Have you read England, Their England? If so, you remember that Donald spent a day
at Winchester Cathedral. He found the memorial to certain soldiers, "and read the
proud, magnificent sweep of its inscription, which sounds like the roll of titles of a
Spanish king or a blast from Milton's everlasting trumpet. . . . 'Who died in Flanders,
France, Italy, Russia, Macedonia, Palestine, Egypt, Mesopotamia, India, and Siberia, or by
the Dardanelles, or were lost at sea in the Mediterranean?' " Have you not been cele-
brating the departure of the Savannah for that first steam- voyage across the Atlantic?

Into the far past you could see but darkly; into recent ages you made better progress.
Your history teachers have told you that measured by all time, man's knowledge extends
only to day before yesterday. Yet knowledge of this space is your claim to the parch-
ment that today is the symbol of your heritage. You studied, you survived the rigorous
regimen; you are here. You have become prohcicnt in pure or applied science; in the
ancient and the modern languages, in literature; in history, philosophy, art, and music;
you know about man's contribution to knowledge, even if you do not know all the con-
tributions. For you, I repeat, all that ever has been, existed from your point of view, for
you Southern women. To be a woman of the South is to inherit not only a beautiful
land, the traditions of a noble race traditions of gentleness and courtes}' and loving-
kindness; to be a woman of the South is to inherit a love of place, peculiar to England,
peculiar to our South; a love that will keep England and the South the final strongholds
of right conservatism, that will cause the exile, however much she may love an adopted
land, long in Spring, as Browning longed in Italy "to be in England, now that April's
there," for flowering Southern field and forest; cause her in winter to sadden, thinking

8 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

if she be a Georgian of the streets of Atlanta, the marshes of Glynn, the hills of Haber-
sham, and the valleys of Hall.

You, Southern women, know that the America which is to be will be different from
that which has been. You, Southern women, educated Southern women, will stimulate
the recalcitrant and repress the radical; you will be conservators of law and order, anarch-
istic only toward anarchy; you will be "ladies of the light." Your heritage of the ballot
is too recent for you to have glimpsed all its possession means; but you will not betray
your fathers and mothers who gave you that inestimable heritage, for with it you will
help rule America. Your representatives, of whom some of you will be twenty years
hence among those present, whether legislators, justices or governors your representatives,
I say, may be, will be, because you have aided in choosing them, having that backgrovmd
of human experience which guided you in judging men and women and saying "I ap-
prove" or "I disapprove." Your lives encompass the time of the first woman governor;
your senior year is that of the first woman Supeme Court Justice, the first woman am-
bassador. Some of you may follow to the Supreme Bench, Judge Florence Allen; or to
the Netherlands, Ruth Bryan Owen. And if you are going into politics, begin today.

You do not have to be told that for you is the opportunity to enter fields never before
this era open to women, that you may fly across the Andes and from a wireless set beside
you talk to the groundlings about the spread of land beneath your humming plane, that
the laboratory of every science is yours, that you may become lawyers, doctors, radio-
speakers, as well as teachers and actresses. Agnes Scott has recruited all these ranks and
more! i '

Of these things you do not need to be told; but of some things you should be shocked
into knowledge. Time is short; a life on earth is, in the words of Lizette Woodworth
Reese, but "A call to battle and the battle done." Already one-quarter of your stay is
with the days beyond the flood, and the other three-quarters will speed far more rapidly
than did the first quarter. Grinding work, brain-directed, is essential to any service of
value to humanity. "Great God, how I worked!" exclaimed Geraldine Farrar, and so
might your teachers exclaim and all who have reached attainment beyond the usual. "Do
not forget to play," advice you do not now need, you must treasiure for later days. As
far as possible, make your work your play. Whether you fish or whether you dance, keep
physically fit and fun-loving, and retain your Celtic heritage, your sense of humor. Be
serious, but not too serious. Whatever you do, do intensely for success; do leisurely for
living. If you become that flying woman, you will concentrate on machines and aerial
navigation, or like a modern daughter of Daedalus your first solo flight will be your last.
Do not forget you have brains; keep thinking. Bernard Shaw says he has become famous
by thinking once or twice a week! At a commencement in my student-days, Dr. J. B.
Hawthorne (the original of Augusta Evans Wilson's "St. Elmo"), of Atlanta, addressed
us. "Think, young woman!" he urged us; "think until the veins on your foreheads stand
out like whip-cords." My own experience was rather short of the whip-cord effect, as
yours may be while your veins are young and deeply embedded! But you have trained
your thinking powers and you must continue to exercise them. Remember the master
in Kipling's "Light that Failed," and his injunction, "Continuez, foujoiirs, Mesdemoisel-
les!" Continue! Today is truly your Commencement, and all to this day your prepar-
ation.

Despite the fact, however, that life's day is short, early morning is not the whole day.
Look forward eagerly to high noon, gladly to four o'clock and unflinchingly to night,
believing that every hour of the day is good. Twenty, forty, fifty and sixty and seventy:
Say now, "I have fifty years in which actively to serve and enjoy"; and apportion your
time as if you knew you would live so long.

If you become a specialist, build broadly, look far, labor and wait. Suppose you study
medicine. You will utilize chemistry and physics not only as remedial agents but as
forces more and more understood in the creation of a better race. By evolution, natural
history, upon which man has relied heretofore, ages were consumed in development. Now

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 9

a synthetic super-man is probable: better brains, greater strength, perfect health, per-
fect beauty all will result from man's control of chemistry and physics and physiology.
The other day a dwarf was elevated to man-size from a height of three and a half feet:
a doctor had tried experiments on one of his glands. Doctors are beginning to create,
not merely to heal and to fortify. Who knows what may happen when you go wander-
ing and exploring among the mysterious tracts of the cerebrum, half of which we are
told are an unknown desert? Chemicals you concoct, discoveries you make, may bring
out latent cerebral powers. It were a boon to man to make him enjoy more intensely,
have greater good- will to his fellow-man; but what if in this twentieth century were
discovered the secret of eternal youth what are they telling us of heavy water and
its connection with old age or what if death itself were conquered? In your own life-
span has been discovered the secret of converting another metal into gold; and the phil-
osophers of the Middle Ages have been justified as prophets. . . . But to become a leader in
medicine, as in any other profession, you will scorn delights and live laborious days.

All past accomplishment in the arts and sciences you will regard as a point of de-
parture, a terminus ab quo. Every technique serves its respective age. Impressive as are
the results of Rembrandt's skill in casting lights and shadows about the faces of his
Dutch burghers, or of Millet's touch in portraying the simple dignity of French peasants,
or of Sir Joshua Reynolds's cool detachment in revealing the high-bred beauty of English
ladies memorable all that painters have done their techniques were for their time, as
their breath was for them, as the sun that shone then was for them. To be a successful
artist means to interpret your day to your day and succeeding days, whether you do so
with brush on canvas, burin on steel, or words on paper. You need not interpret so
extremely as Gertrude Stein in 'Tour Saints in Three Acts," but you will not revert to
the old genres and styles. Your heritage is nothing if it is not one with which you
commence!

Suppose you teach! To be a great teacher demands a flair for human psychology, love
of people, knowing all about some phase of your subject and something about all the
phases, keeping up with ever-changing phases of the subject in short, demands daily re-
newed knowledge, for your subject is not static; it grows and increases ever. From time
to time you will orient yourselves anew at universities; you will be possessed of that
pvatience willing to wait a generation to be informed of success; you will have, then, a
divine indifference about success except in so far as it concerns your own soul.

What you have done, as measured by your aims and desires and starting point, on the
foundation possible to you, you will know better than any other. Though you may be
tempted to regret at the last the career you choose, set the slug-horn to your lips and
blow the blast which sends that regret into retreat: "I did what I did" or, "I was brave
enough to fail!" leaving the issue to the perfect witness of your conscience and all- judg-
ing Jove.

Some of you will be dissociated from careers in the usual sense of the word and so can
make a career, an art, of life itself. To you more than to others is open the way of
living in breadth and length and depth. You, with those who teach or write or fly or
otherwise serve can live longer than your allotted three-score and ten. You began to live
longer than your allotted three-score and ten. You began to live back of your birth-
date when you projected your thought into the childhood of your mothers and fathers;
you continued in school when you studied records of the impersonal past; and now, on
leaving college, you have a well-ordered array of vicarious experience back of that peep-
hole in the half-imaginary curtain, shifting constantly between present and past. Longer
life is your heritage through education. In English literature, for example, you may live at
will with a vast procession, with it move down the ages. With devout Caedmon of Whitby
who, in his patterned hymn to creation, was the first great prose translator; with Layamon
and his compeers, who kept our English tongue surviving for three hundred years after
1066; with the Knight of the Shire from Kent, and his pilgrims forever riding; with the
poet's poet, Spenser, his monumental romance praising the queen whose spacious times

10 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

echo in Marlowe's mighty hne, whose world was lighted by him not only of her age but
for all time, the man of Stratford; with the blind Puritan, the Lady of Christ's, whose
pealing epic blows undiminished down the centuries; with Sir Thomas Browne and his
solemn harmonies; the masters of rhetoric, Dryden and Pope, conversational Addison,
thundering Johnson, fluting Goldsmith; Shelley, impassioned by the white radiance of
eternity; Keats, whose name was writ in water; with the Cumberland poet of nature
and humanity; with Coleridge, of imagination all compact; with the marvelous Vic-
torians you and your procession are drawing closer now, many figures crowding along
the broad highway with satiric Thackeray, the passionate Brontes, indomitable George
Eliot, humorous Dickens, melodic Tennyson, thoughtful Browning, dark-starred Poe,
democratic Whitman, Hardy of Max Gate, Meredith of Box Hill and the procession
marches through the curtain into your own day; memory and fancy merge with reality.
You may match this backward-forward moving shuttle in literature with one in history
or whatever subject of research you choose to make your own in extending your life-
length. The more accurate your knowledge, the more enjoyably you will revisit those
glimpses of the moon which were before your birth. Visiting in the fourth dimension,
you say? Have you not inherited the dimensions of Einstein?

In proportion as you continue to develop reason and imagination, the farther you
may probe the future. The man or the woman of great accomplishment is the man
or woman who sees a little farther through the misty curtain ever advancing. Since you
were born, efx>ch-making achievements have changed the face of the earth and the habits
of all races; be sure that before you pass on, even greater changes will follow. You
have inherited an earth only a fraction as large as the one your fathers and mothers in-
herited. Distance has been curtailed; you have seen Paris separated from New York by
a day: your grandfathers were saying with what now appears to have been smug com-
placency, "Only two weeks to Liverpool." You have heard a radio message put a girdle
round about the earth in considerably less time than Puck's forty minutes! On one of
the last occasions I saw my friend John Macy, he took out his watch and said, "I must
be going: it's a long trip down to 37th Street." I murmured something about the possi-
bility that in a few years we should be able to go to London as quickly. "Go?" exclaimed
John, "We shall only think, and we shall be there!"

By and by the entire earth will be explored and exploited; the upper air for ten miles
and the ocean's depths already have been visited; preparation soon will be made to tap
the ocean for gold; investigation of the earth's deeper layers will begin. And afterwards,
what? Your descendants of the wth generation will visit the moon and Mars. Colonies
will be sent out, much later, according to Waldemar Kaempffert, on rocket ships which,
become planetoids, will bear around the sun whatever human beings prove fit to assume
as dwelling places those man-made worlds. Do not worry, however, lest your own group
lose men and women to such great adventure: those adventures are far in the future, and
many a mind will voyage through strange seas of thought alone before they are possible;
yet they are coming, unless the Power that set earth spinning about the sun first destroys
earth. I say, then, extend the length of life by reliving the past, living in the present,
and by envisioning what is to be. Above all, think, think every day, "I, I am alive."
Learn with mystic Blake 'to grasp infinity in your hand' and 'to live eternity in an
hour.' With George Eliot think of the sunshine that is to be after you are no more.
Continue through your children of the body or of the brain the sum of better things
on earth. Only follow truth as you see it, for truth is a variable entity and is not the
same for all. The truth you know is that which will make yon free.

And what is it to live in breadth? If you are like the Wife of Bath, "Gat-tothed
trewely for to saye," you will travel. And, let us thank whatever gods may be, you may
yet travel on this ball, finding differences of mankind, roaming with a hungry heart many
lands; finding them with Harry Franck "Vagabonding down the Andes," or "With Law-
rence in Arabia"; finding them in the Empire State Building on one clear day or on the
Europa, 'when through scudding drifts the rainy Hyades vex the dim sea.' You who

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 11

travel, whether through books by the fireside, boats on the ocean, or buses in the air, will
respect the lares and penates of other people. You will bow to the wisdom, of Con-
fucius, commend the calm of Buddha; you will enter the mosque of St. Sophia and remove
your shoes out of consideration to the followers of Mohammed. As you become a citi-
zen of the world, you will sympathize with all creeds, colors, and kinds of humanity;
and so you will forward the brotherhood of man, the sisterhood of woman. Through your
lives or your money, you may help benighted women everywhere find their heritage, and
if you do, then in the language of good King Duncan, "Signs of nobleness, like stars,
shall shine on all deservers."

But, you may be saying, "I do not care to live in the past," though I tell you that
one day you will do so! You may not wish to speculate upon the future; you may not
care to travel, either in flesh or in spirit, other countries, but the time will come when
you will enlarge your orbit and will set out for the Isles of Greece or the Hebrides or the
Arctic Circle, in fancy or in fact. Be that as it may be. You may live in depth. This
dimension is possible for all and, for best living, essential. To each of you is given a home;
it may be a room, a cottage or a mansion. You may prefer, after receiving this col-
lege heritage, to remain at home; many will make new homes. Whether you sweep or di-
rect sweeping, learn all you can about the tools of your work and to get best results.

From cultivating your garden you will come to possess the wisdom of those who
watch the seasons, who see winter change to spring and summer follow, year after year,
whose acquaintance with the laws of nature observed throughout the succession of solstice
and equinox will enrich and gratify without stultifying the intellect. You will come to
identify yourselves with universal law and order, to understand without protest the
ineluctable decrees of fate; to know that what is done must stand, and 'twere well, there-
fore, that 'twere well done; that

"The moving finger writes; and, having writ,
Moves on: nor all your piety nor wit .

Shall lure it hack to cancel half a line,
Nor all your tears wash out a word of it."
A day of life in your own home will help to

"turn the adamantine spindles round

On which the fates of vten and gods are wound,"
no less than does the day that marks a flight to the South Pole, the bursting asunder of
the atom, or the discovery that the universe is a mere ten billions of light years in extent!
Graduates of Agnes Scott, Class of 1934, "O terque, quaterque, beataeV, live long
for knowledge, broadly for sympathy, deeply for wisdom! Live to serve, to help, to give.
You whose intellects have been roused, who have observed the overthrow of religions, the
fall of governments, and the rise of new social organizations, you will not become
cowardly, cynical, or pessimistic; you will be brave, optimistic, lion-hearted, and proud.
You may journey through days of despair and despond; yet, as the sages tell you, no
heights can exist without valleys; and if you live to your full capability you will have
grand views from the Delectable Mountains. Nor worry about the hereafter! Mankind
has puzzled in vain for thousands of years over the problem of eternity, over the immortal
quality of immortality, and is likely to do so forever. Be grateful for life on earth, life,
for which you owe fate, or providence, or chance, a debt requiring all that life to pay,
a payment gladly to be rendered. So value your place here, with all the years have
brought you, that despite hardship, grief, or tragedy, you can say when you are old,
"To have been here on any terms whatever was a privilege immeasurable." You who
receive today your baccalaureate degree have been greatly favored; and if you deserve
continued favor from the Governor of the universe, so much the happier for you. Life
will attain richer meaning, as you employ your increasing heritage; and, at the last,
you may say with the demon of Kubla Khan,

"/ have fed on honey-dew,
And drunk the milk of paradise"

BEYOND COLLEGE HALLS

John D. McKee
(Reprinted here through the courtesy of the Alumni Features Service)

{Foreivord: John D. McKee, the author of this article, is the well-known alumni
secretary, editor, and in fact all-around alumnor at the College of "Wooster, was formerly
president of the American Alumni Council, and is at present director of aims and policies
for that organization.)

In the village square stood a log cabin replica of pioneer days. Across the commons
one could see the memorial arch through which was passing an academic procession. The
familiar strains of march music became audible. Oberlin College had begun the ob-
servance of its Centennial Commencement.

As an interested, but detached, spectator, I noted all of the elements in this most
typical college scene. Here were the faculty and trustees, the graduating class, the par-
ents and friends, and the alumni. Each was related in some way to the events of the
morning. The oldest among them could recall perhaps 60 years of the century just con-
cluding, but the average association would be four years or less.

What, then, is the college? It had come out of the past to these who were privileged
to witness the close of one century and the opening of another. Into the future it would
go. But what is it?

The late President Thompson of Ohio State, in his final message to alumni on retire-
ment, called it "that persistent something." "There is something about a university," he
said, "that persists through the decades in spite of everything else that comes and goes.
That persistent something keeps us all alert and I believe is the key to our high en-
thusiasms as alumni."

We are dealing then with a "persistent something" which is older than parliaments
and all man-made institutions except the church. In two years Harvard University will
note the 300th anniversary of its founding. Perhaps we are unimpressed until we recall
the comparative changes which have occurred in the world since 1636 and then the
"persistent something" inside the Harvard Yard becomes significant.

It is my purpose to deal with some of the factors which are involved in this enter-
prise from the time of college entrance onward. I speak of the undergraduate years first
because they constitute the foundation upon which the later structure alumni life is
built. Students constantly speak of "going out into the cold, cruel world." I admit that
in recent years this rather trite expression has had more meaning than it once possessed.
But it is still only a half-truth. The great cleavage with the past occurs when a student
comes to college. Life is forever different after that, and Commencement four years later
is but a transition.

"The youngest undergraduate as well as the oldest alumnus is a member of the col-
lege," to quote a favorite remark of President Sills of Bowdoin. The acceptance of this
philosophy carries with it a serious responsibility for all teachers and administrators. In
effect, it requires us to train students while in college to become good alumni after college.

The realization that he is a part of a college often does not come to an undergraduate
until his last week on the campus. Or it may be in that most difficult first year out.
But whenever it arises, it brings to him an acute imderstanding of "what it is that keeps
alumni so close to the college and so much a part of it. They can't get it out of their
systems. They may graduate but they can never go." "The Dartmouth man is never out
of college" is an old saying at Hanover it is the epitomized expression of a life-long
relationship.

We turn now to the other side of the sheepskin. What experiences await one beyond
college halls? I refer, of course, to the continuation of college interests in adult life. If
I have a thesis in regard to the whole subject, it is this: the articulation of alumni interests
in valid, constructive, and genuinely educational enterprise is the high task of the alumni
organization and no other function is so fundamental and necessary as this.

It remains a fact that alumni life is much different from undergraduate life. It was
therefore natural and normal that alumni would seek to perpetuate the friendships of col-

{

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 13

legs days through organization. The young gentlemen of Williams College who formed
their "Society of Alumni" in 1821 were the first organized group of that which has
since become a universal attribute in colleges and universities.

The Social Age, it might be called, and in thus designating it we must mean both a
period of time and a philosophy of life. Chronologically the Social Age in alumni organ-
ization flourished universally until the close of the nineteenth century. A great many
organizations have never advanced beyond this rudimentary stage.

A great many alumni never outgrow the Social Age although their own colleges may
have alumni associations which have developed to a sturdy maturity. These are the alumni
who are so pitilessly lampooned by the intellectual writers in the periodicals. No jibe is so
bitter and no invective so poisoned as the one which is aimed at Lo, the poor alumnus,
who never grew up.

In defense of college reunions, alumni dinners, and the like, it might be said that
they only furnish the background for the flowering of friendships and the quiet sense of
comradeship. It is a quickening impulse to grow up with one's college contemporaries.

The next stage in development after the Social Age is the Financial Age. In a study
of alumni achievement recently completed by the American Alumni Council, it was
discovered that one-half of all the activities have to do with money-raising. The college
presidents of the country have not been unaware of financial aid of this character, ninety
per cent of them crediting the alumni with material assistance. It should also be said
that when questioned as to what type of alumni asisstance is desired by college officers,
first place in order of importance was given to financial aid.

We come now to the most striking development, as it is the most interesting, in the
chain of alumni relationships. This we shall designate the Educational Era because more
fully than any other it embraces a series of projects which indicate that alumni have at
last come of age.

Educational relations with alumni are projected on the idea that the graduate is a
member of the college for life and that, as such, he is concerned in the development of
the college in its finest and most constructive aspects.

One of the first projects to engage alumni in their efforts to keep informed about the
college was the alumni periodical. The conveyance of accurate information in a regular-
ized way led to the establishment of what became known as the alumni magazine. No
other medium can accomplish this work as sympathetically, intelligently, and construct-
ively as an official publication.

Practically concurrent with the development of the alumni magazine, which was
primarily an alumni gesture, came a friendly welcome from the college. It decided to in-
vite alumni to sit on its governing boards and actually thereby to share in the policies and
councils of the institution. This rajyprocbement has been openly sought, for the most
part, and has accomplished most excellent results.

Among the recent trends in the direction of alumni cooperation have been those of
assisting the college in its prospective student work; in passing critical judgments on
applicants; and in making contributions for scholarship and student aid funds.

In recent years the colleges have made serious efforts to establish a broad boulevard
over which might pass the mutual interests of college to alumni as well as of alumni to
college. The colleges have become conscious of their obligation to establish ties other than
sentimental and financial ones.

"Has the college a definite responsibility for continuing education after graduation?"
The asking of this question with all of its implications has provoked more thought on the
general subject than any other question in alumni relations. A large number of college
executives and teachers have agreed that such a repsonsibility does exist.

Academic commentators, however, have not viewed the average graduate as a very
promising subject for adult education. William McAndrew has been severe enough to say
that "The Alumni do not consciously form a living nucleus for the American ideal. Our

14 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

educated hordes are not numerously going higher. Like the educated Indian, they step out
from the higher institutions and go back to the blanket."

Of course, this question cannot be raised without involving the colleges. If the
educational vaccine doesn't take, is it altogether the patient's fault? We know that it is
not and we admire the frank way in which Professor Newlin and Committee G of the
American Association of University Professors admitted their culpability in the matter.

In appraising the alumni movement, they pointed out that "the problem of interesting
the alumni in the intellectual life of the college is primarily a problem for the institution
itself, to be worked out through its own active agents of intellecual propaganda, the
members of the faculty. Unless they, at the heart of the whole situation, so overflow with
enthusiasm for intellectual growth and achievement as to be a persistent source of genu-
ine inspiration to those with whom they come into contact, very little and nothing pei-
manent, can be hoped for from casual meetings and occasional messages.

"Their students will catch the fever in their classrooms; as young alumni they will be
eager to continue the contacts they have found stimulating, so that bulletins, magazines,
reading lists and information will be asked for, not merely 'sent'; as older alumni their
interest will naturally ripen into pseudo-parental supervision over prospective candidates
for admission, accompanied by a keen following of new movements and issues; and ma-
chinery will take its proper place that of a tool instead of a goad and will be motivated
from the proper source of power the teaching staff of the institution."

Only as the alumni have a belief in the validity of the institution's educational pro-
cesses can any satisfactory and permanent relationship be established. Without this fac-
tor only non-educational and even anti-educational influences may be established. This is
why the Athletic Age in the life of an institution is likely to be so detrimental. It leads
the alumni into pernicious interference with athletic control which properly rests within
the institution's purview. It leads to exploitation of alumni interest in harmful practices
such as professionalism, and it gives a wholly wrong impression to the general public as
to alumni influence and power.

The fundamental aim of alumni education must be the encouragement of a personal,
intellectual life of the individual alumnus. Thus the projection of the college's interests
into the lives of its alumni depends upon strong foundations, sound techniques and genu-
ine understanding.

In its finest conception the loyal alumnus is loyal to the educational program which
he not only found valid when he was an undergraduate but which has been the sustaining
force of his life. Viewed from the inclusive angle that education should cover the whole
of life, the true loyalist sees education in its synchronized setting. It is a large and in-
telligent and inspiring conception.

On this basis the relationship of alumni to our first-class institutions become under-
standable. They are implicit believers in the educational soundness of their college; they
are zealous of its standing in education; and consequently they lend their efforts to its
advancement. Alumni relations at their highest potential deserve the kind of respect
which alumni bring to their college when they have begun to grow up.

"The alumni task lies," as President Thompson has pointed out, "in securing in the
consciousness of alumni that they are a living part of a growing university to which
they may make some contribution of thought or idealism.

"Universities grow through the creative power of imagination and the persistent in-
fluence of university sentiment and tradition. These find expression chiefly in the alumni.

"The alumni are indeed the tmiversity and are its ripest fruit, its ultimate justifiica-
tion."

And jvist as the college must ever look ovit to its alumni for the final evaluation, so
must the alumni ever look back to the college. Each complements the other, neither is
complete without the other, and only as they advance together may the institution be-
come truly great.

OUR INTELLECTUAL TREADMILLS

J. D. A. Ogilvy

Department of English Language, University of Colorado

(Reprinted here through courtesy of The American Scholar, Phi Beta Kappa publication)

Though I should be the last to quarrel with Professor Wertenbaker's assertion (in his
article, "Our Intellectual Graveyards," The American Scholar, Spring, 1934) that teach-
ers in our small colleges could do with more academic leisure, I strenuously object to his
assumption that the way to the undergraduate teacher's salvation lies through productive
scholarship. Mind you, I have no feud with the productive scholar: he is an extremely
useful member of our intellectual community, often a competent and not infrequently a
brilliant teacher. But there is, so far as I have discovered, no real evidence before the
court that he has a monopoly on good undergraduate teaching. If he has how are we
to account for the really splendid teaching one occasionally finds in high schools? Surely
even those "intellectual graveyards," the small colleges, are centers of scholarly activity
compared to them. Moreover, I have seen very respectable college teaching done by
instructors without so much as a single learned note with which to bless themselves.

There are few small campi, it is true, which cannot show an example or two of mental
decay or ossification among their faculty. But though I have never heard a student
say, "There goes old Dry-as-dust. He hasn't had a new idea since 1890," I have rather
frequently heard students remark, with profane additions, after a particularly listless lec-
ture by some distinguished scholar, "Too damned busy with his book even to go through
the motions of a decent lecture!" I recall, besides, a most engaging old gentleman with
a great reputation as a scholar whom I frequently met during my researches in the
library of one of our largest universities, who was, if my unprofessional judgment is
worth anything, definitely unbalanced not to mention the scholars who, following the
thorny road which leads through productive scholarship to the serene eminence of the
doctor's degree, are overtaken by "nervous breakdowns" and have to be laid up for
extended and not always successful mental repairs. Scholarly achievement is, I fear, no
guaranty either of good teaching or of mental soundness.

The true advantage which a few a very few of our large universities possess
lies, to my mind, not so much in their facilities for productive scholarship as in their
vital intellectual atmosphere, a body of people with whom one can fight about ideas; and
I see no reason why such an atmosphere cannot exist in a small college, although in my
limited experience I have not encountered it. Professor Wertenbaker may, of course,
reply that this atmosphere was the result of the congregation of a large number of scholars
interested in research, but I doubt it. The people whose connpany I found most inter-
esting complained almost to a man that productive scholarship was the thing that stood
between them and a well-rounded education. Anyone who wanted to do anything in
teaching must have a doctor's degree even to obtain a position; and to get a doctor's
degree, the scientist must thrust himself into a narrow and highly specialized branch of
bacteriology before he has had time for even a good rough survey of the whole field of
biology, the student of literature must plunge into the study of minor works in Middle
English before he has had a chance to gain a proper knowledge of classical literature,
the economist but why multiply examples?

The doctor's degree, most of us decided, would probably be a good thing if a man
were given a chance to draw breath and look about him after he had attained it. But
was he? Hardly. If he got a decent job (in a large university, of course), it was "Root,
hog, or die!" Promotion, or even holding one's position, depended upon publication. One
was, in short, caught in an intellectual treadmill.

The obverse of this picture is presented by the professor who complained to me that
one in his field was kept endlessly busy sorting out the few valuable publications from
the masses of trash that every month brought forth.

Perhaps the greatest misfortune of all is that many of the men whom the merciless
demand for "productive scholarship" God save the mark! either turns entirely away

16 The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

from productive scholarship or forces to turn out shoddy, half-hearted, hastily done
work, might, given time to ripen and develop, become truly productive scholars. Manv
others, in my estimation, would make better undergraduate teachers if the desire to get
on in the world did not lead them to fritter away time and energy in scholarship which
is essentially a bowing of the knee to Baal.

The function of the undergraduate teacher is to introduce his students to the stores of
human knowledge and tradition and to the eager, impartial, questioning spirit which
should be the hall-mark of the student. To do so properly he must have knowledge,
enthusiasm, and a touch of histrionic ability, but some of us are not convinced that he
needs a string of learned monographs to his credit. Such a list certainly does not prove
that he will be a poor teacher; but the people who think that he cannot teach well with-
out it overlook the fact that although all teachers should be scholars some are teachers first
and scholars afterwards. To them the chief business (and pleasure) of life is teaching,
and from their ranks are drawn many of our best undergraduate teachers. The man who
is primarily a scholar naturally gravitates to his proper sphere of usefulness, the graduate
school. His are the power, the glory, and the publications. If he is charitable he will leave
to the teacher-scholar his function "for to admire and for to see, for to be'old this
world so wide" and the attempt to make what he has seen alive to his students, and will
refrain from unkind remarks about dilletanti and intellectual graveyards.

Professor Wertenbaker will, I believe, agree with me that the real danger to any
teacher is that his teaching may become merely an automatic repetition "as tedious as a
thrice-told tale vexing the dull ear of a drowsy man." Repetition, in large part, it must
be; but if a man is to remain a teacher he cannot become a mere animated phonograph.
The question is, "How is he to avoid this fate?" And at this point Professor Wertenbaker
and I part company. According to him enthusiasm for a course in the principles of
economics or in punctuation and grammar may best be renewed by composing an article
on early Boeotian systems of land tenure or the pre-Germanic past participle. Perhaps
if the teacher really wants to write it, though even then there is some risk that the pur-
suit of such interests may turn him into a thorough-paced pedant who regards his classes
as a tedious but unavoidable means of earning the bread and butter necessary to sustain
life while he writes more and duller articles to win a better job at a bigger university
where, in turn, he may write even more articles; and so on. If the teacher does not want
to write the article, to bring pressure upon him to do so is merely to thrust him back
into the treadmill which he escaped by avoiding the large university.

In a course which must repeat the same work from year to year, the real vitalizing
and refreshing spirit, it seems to me, comes from the conviction that one's students need
what one is trying to teach them, and from an interest in the students themselves and
in the art of teaching. A fisher of men, no less than one of fish, should wait with bated
breath for the "rise" though he has cast his lure in much the same waters a thousand times
before. The delight of having a class snap at an idea before it hits the water does not
stale with repetition.

It is true that one who is himself intellectually stagnant cannot hope to stir the in-
tellects of others, but I do not find it written among the laws of the Medes and the
Persians that publciations are the only symptoms of intellectual life. They may be the
only signs sufficiently obvious for certain deans and heads of departments to recognize,
but that is scarcely the same thing. By what law, furthermore, is a man required to
seek intellectual stimulation only in his own field? If he is a teacher even half worthy
of his salt he will know that more than adequately for undergraduate teaching, and
excursions into other fields may be of far more value to him both as a teacher and as a
man than minute research in some remote corner of his own. What most of our faculties
need today is chemists and economists who know some Engilsh and English teachers
who know some science and economics.

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 17

If a fairy godmother were to ask me for a list of wishes in order of preference, a
year at the university where my graduate work was done would stand high on the list,
but not if I must confine myself to studies immediately productive of something I
could publish. In fact, I should wish to do the major part of my work entirely outside
my own field, and I think there are thousands who would echo my wish. The pedant
miay call us scatter-brained idlers if he will. Perhaps the more charitable will consider us
modest enough to recognize that we are not yet equipped for first-class scholarly work.
If we were allowed to stay outside our field for ten years those who got back probably a
rather small percentage might be equipped to do some scholarly work they need not be
ashamed of. But then, the instructor in a large university who spent even five years of
the ten outside his own field would almost certainly be requested to spend the other five
elsewhere. Certainly his promotion, no matter how competent his teaching, would be
little short of a miracle.

The undergraduate teacher in the small college has some opportunity to take his eye
off his own field for a few minutes now and then. Not so the ambitious young man in
the large university. There is one sure path and only one to advancement: publica-
tion. For those who like it, it is a good road; and with those who can travel it without
pedantry I have no quarrel they are the very cream of our scholars. "I laud them; I
praise them: they offend none" but the dilletante. For those who follow it unwillingly,
however, and for those who follow it merely as they would follow any other fashion I
can muster nothing but a somewhat contemptuous sympathy. For the most part they
are neither fish, flesh, nor good red herring neither scholars, teachers, nor free men.
Better a thousand times they had chosen the small college. At best, they might have
become good teachers; at worst, they need never have become quack scholars. The
intellectual graveyard is at least more restful and less hypocritical than the intellectual
treadmill.

A University is more than a storehouse of rapidly aging facts. It should be the
stronghold of those who insist on the exercise of reason, who will not be moved by pas-
sion nor buried by blizzards of data. The gaze of a university should be turned toward
ideas. The process of departmentalization has carried with it surprising losses in general
intelligibility. A unversity must be intelligible as well as intelligent. It must find better
methods of communicating the ideas which it is its duty to foster and develop. Pres-
ident HUTCHINS.

THE INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ASPECT OF
MEMBERSHIP IN THE A. A. U. W.

AuRELiA Henry Reinhardt
President of Mills College

The modern woman is satisfied with no point of view that is not planetary. The
international relations department and programs of the American Association of Uni-
versity Women furnish to all members this most challenging and most satisfying aspect
of our organization's purpose and achievement.

Historically, the Association in its earliest days stirred women to interest in the
standard of their own particular college. Then it taught them to be interested in the
standards of all coleges in our country where women might be students, then in women
students themselves, their economic support, their eventual professional status. Then the
frontier of our country seemed to put no obstacles to students or to institutional interest,
and we came to support American students in foreign countries and foreign students in the
United States; we made studies of foreign universities in terms of our own and studies
of American universities in terms of foreign institutions.

It was in 1919 at Bedford College, London, that the delegates from England, France
and the United States, meeting for the first time outside of their own countries, brought
about the organization now known as the International Association of University Women.
Coming into being in the months so near to the Versailles meeting, its purpose gravely
included the desire to increase international understanding through educational in-
strumentalities which university women have at their disposal.

In the decade and a half since that time, how many things have been achieved by
our American Association of University Women and by the related associations, which
would have been impossible but for the international viewpoint given by the interna-
tional meetings.

Most important to our members as a whole and from the point of view of our national
educational program, was the developing of an International Relations Office. This
meant the adding to our staff of a research scholar whose preparation was in the field of
contemporary history and whose work within the Association was the making of pro-
grams of study for the use of our branch members. These have to do with American
diplomacy, American immigration, America and race relations, and with an ever-increas-
ing list of study plans taking root in the League and its activities, in the World Court and
its progress, in the emergence of Fascism, Communism and kindred governmental re-
adjustments, in the history of the mandates, in the changing situations in India, in China
and in Japan.

Members of the American Association of University Women may well be proud of
this educational department of their founding and support. Its existence and rise in our
Association rightly following national development of child study, university curricular
changes, internal, economic, scientific and political progress, gives a broad and sane rela-
tionship to contemporary life upon our planet. Contemporary life reflects present educa-
tional achievements in all lands, and is the most imperious challenge to educational insti-
tutions and organizations. It is significant that in 1932-33
International study programs were available;
Branches were engaged upon such study;
Members were enlarging their horizons by pursuing work in one of these fields.

But the Internatioanl Relations Office and our Association's part in the International
Federation have values that cannot be grouped under department study by members and
values that cannot be enumerated in so brief a statement as this.

International Council meetings made up of the national chairman of International Re-
lations have occurred annually, and International Conferences with delegates from all
member nations have met triennially since 1919. This means to us that our representa-
tives have taken part with those of thirty-seven other countries in mutual undertakings
which have been discussed in Amsterdam and in Madrid, in Vienna and Boston, in Prague

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly 19

and in Brussels. This means to us that our representatives work on committees to study
world educational conditions, primary and secondary school niethods, university organiza-
tions, comparative values of academic degrees, relative positions of the woman student
and the older student whom we will call the professional woman. This means that there
has developed and will continue to develop out of our international interests and study
our international fellowship opportunities, our international club-houses, our international
exchange of teachers and kindred work.

Our International Relations Office brings our membership into touch with the Com-
mittee on Intellectual Co-operation of the League of Nations, stimulating us to think
in terms of the work of international research scientists, which should be shared with all
the world, of artists whose achievements deserve to cross national boundaries, and of
writers whose works should be translated into languages other than their own, of noble-
women working with Icnowledge and idealism of which we could have neither acquaint-
ance nor friendship save for these shared intellectual disciplines and interests.

Our American Association of University Women rightly has its headquarters in our
Federal City. It rightly has its members and its branches wherever women graduates of
colleges and universities are living and leavening our national life, but through our
affiliation with the International Federation of University Women it makes neighbors of
women in other lands, it makes fellow-world-citizens of like-minded students, it makes
inspiring friends of those whose home lands may be on opposite sides of the planet but
whose minds speak an identical language.

LOOKING FORWARD

Universities, like most other social institutions, are today inclined to mark time, while
looking uncertainly about at the future and its connections with the past. The financial
administrators tend to be highly conservative, not only about their incomes but about
their expenditures. The faculties face anxiously what may be for them a crisis in their
standards of living. All look hopefully towards the proverbial corner around which some
think they discern the returning prodigal. Prosperity.

Boldness is needed; a new eniphasis upon scholarship will help, and an emphasis upon
the induction of new blood into many departments. The danger of a time like ours
is notoriously the danger of drift. A huge modern university, privately endowed, multi-
farious in its objectives, cannot afford to rely upon its bulk. Size is in this instance
not strength.

Perhaps the lush 'twenties have raised up in educational circles a vested interest in
size and mediocrity. Someone must pioneer the way out of this sandy plateau. The great
universities, grown greater by windfall gains, are confronted by the necessity for ponder-
ing their economic foundations. It is as well that any consideration of income will be
accompanied by thought upon outlays. There must be consideration of the aims of in-
struction, of the source of the stream of students admitted, of the quality of the in-
structorial staff. We should welcome the need for an accounting, but not by anxious,
reactionary men. Harvard Altnnni Bulletin.

ANNUAL REPORTS OF THE ALUMNAE ASSOCIATION

TREASURER'S REPORT TO ALUMNAE ASSOCIATION

FROM SEPTEMBER 1, 1933, THROUGH JUNE 12, 1934

Receipts Proposed

Receipts Budget

1933-34 1934-35

Dues $803.10 $850.00

Tea Room Rent 264.00 400.00

Room Rent (House) 207.25 150.00

Gift from College 800.00 800.00

Final Payment on Old Checking Acct. in Dec. Bank & Trust Co. 159.98

Interest on Old Savings Acct. Due January, 1931 37.09

Interest on Savings Account Due July, 1933, and January, 1934 14.77 37.50
Miscellaneous (Rent on Caps, Gowns, $59.50; Telephone Tolls,

$15.43) total 74.93 62.50

Repayment of Loan to Class of '22 for Hopkins Jewel, in full__ 10.00

Repayment of Loan to Decatur Club in May, 1932 4.00

Returned Check 4.70

TOTAL RECEIPTS $2379.82 $2300.00

Disbursements Proposed

Disbursements Budget

1933-34 1934-35

Secretary $720.00 $720.00

Maid 96.00 96.00

Dues 32.50 32.50

Printing, Postage, Stationery 969.72 975.50

Operation of Alumnae House 185.98 195.00

Cleaning, Furnishing, etc., House 116.34 125.00

Entertainment 50.84 50.00

Redecoration of Alumnae House 132.00

Fire Insurance on Furniture ($2,000 for 3 years) 76.50

To Committee on Beautifying Grounds 25.00 25.00

Traveling Expenses 50.00

Miscellaneous Total 26.72 31.00

Government Tax on Checks $ 1.12

Flowers (Mrs. Durrett) 2.00

Audit ^Treasurer's Books 10.00

Ledger Tea Room 2.85

Photographs Garden 8.75

Posters and Pictures 2.00

TOTAL DISBURSEMENTS $2431.60 $2300.00

BALANCE ON HAND 223.14

REPORT ON SAVINGS ACCOUNT (LIFE MEMBERSHIP FUND)

Receipts

Balance in Savings Account, September 1, 1933 $648.95

Final Payment on Old Savings Account in Decatur Bank & Trust Company 793.66

Repaid in full by Tea Room on Loan 152.63

TOTAL RECEIPTS $1595,24

Disbursements
To Garden Committee to Pay Debt $114.67

BALANCE ON HAND, JUNE 12, 1934 $1480.57

At this time I wish to express my deep appreciation of the honor shown me in per-
mitting me to serve as your Treasurer during the past three years. May I wish the new
officers even greater success and prosperity.

Respectfully submitted,
. Margaret (Whitington) Davis, Treasurer.

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

21

MINUTES OF THE EXECUTIVE COM-
MITTEE OF THE AGNES SCOTT
ALUMNAE ASSOCIATION, MAY 24,
1934.

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Executive
Committee met on May 24 at the Alumnae
House. The meeting was called to order by
Mrs. Durrett and the minutes read and
approved.

The Treasurer gave a report to date and
presented the proposed budget for 1934-
1935. This was accepted by the Executive
Committee. The Treasurer then made the
following recommendations from the
Finance Committee:

1. That money to be borrowed from the
savings account to pay the debt on the
Alumnae Garden be returned by the Gar-
den Committee as donations made this pos-
sible.

2. That since the Tea Room Manager
has not received a large portion of her
year's salary, she be given any surplus re-
maining after all bills of the Tea Room
and the loan is repaid.

Both of these recommendations were ac-
cepted and passed by the Committee.

There were reports by the Beautifying
Grounds, Publicity, Student Loan, Curricu-
lum, Local Clubs, Entertainment, Consti-
tution and By-Laws, and House and Tea
Room Committees.

Mrs. Hastings told of plans for raising
money for the garden by the end of the
summer.

The Constitution and By-Laws Commit-
tee recommended that the College Field
Secretary be an ex-officio chairman of the
Preparatory Schools Committee.

The House and Tea Room Committee re-
ported Mrs. Nisbet's resignation as man-
ager. The selection of a new manager is
left to the new administration.

The Entertainment Committee recom-
mended that the Home-Coming Tea at
Thanksgiving be abolished, since so few
alumnae and faculty were able to attend.
This was accepted.

The Entertainment Committee further
recommended that Open House at Com-
mencement and the Senior Tea in the
spring be combined. This recommendation
was not accepted. The Committee made a
counter proposal that the Senior Tea be
retained and that Open House be restrict-
ed to faculty and alumnae.

The Executive Committee re-elected
Miss Dorothy Hutton for the next year.

There was no further business, and the
meeting adjourned.

Respectfully submitted,
Frances (Gilliland) Stukes,

Secretary.

MINUTES OF THE AGNES SCOTT
ALUMNAE COUNCIL, MAY 24, 1934

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Council met
on May 24, 1934, in the Alumnae House.

After the meeting was called to order by
the president, the minutes were read and
approved.

There were reports by the following
committees: Publicity, Entertainment, Gar-
den, Curriculum, House and Tea Room.
Short talks were made by Dorothy Hutton
and Penelope Brovioi.

Dr. McCain gave a resume of the year's
work and told of the building plans for
the near future. He especially praised the
work of the Publicity Committee.

There were short talks by Mary Mc-
Donald, President of Student Government,
Carrie Lena McMullen, President of Y. W.
C. A., and Marjorie Tindall, President of
the Day Students.

Miss Hopkins, in her talk, told of the
success of the service scholarships, in-
augurated this year.

As there was no further business, the
meeting adjourned.

Respectfully submitted,
Frances (Gilliland) Stukes,

Secretary.

MINUTES OF AGNES SCOTT GENERAL
ALUMNAE ASSOCIATION MEET-
ING, MAY 26, 1934.

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Association
met on May 26, 1934, at eleven-thirty A.
M., with Cora (Morton) Durrett presiding.
After the meeting was called to order,
the minutes of the last General Association
meeting, the Executive Committee and
Alumnae Council were read and approved.

There then followed reports from the
Presidfe.it and General Secretary. The
Treasurer gave her year's report and pre-
sented the budget for next year, which was
accepted.

There were reports from the following
standing committees: Publicity, House and
Tea Room, Curriculum, Preparatory
Schools, Beautifying Grounds, Entertain-
ment, Student Loan, Local Clubs, Consti-
tution and By-Laws.

Mr. George Winship, member of the
present board of trustees of Agnes Scott,
brought a message to the alumnae. He
spoke in praise of the fine work of Dr.
McCain in carrying on the year's program
and of that of Mr. Tart in continuing to
carry on on such a sound financial basis.

The election of officers for 1934-1936
was held. Following the casting of bal-
lots, Allie (Candler) Guy, Chairman of
the Nominating Committee, reported the
following:

22

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

President, 'Frances (Craighead) Dwyer,
'28.

First Vice-President, Annie Tait Jenkins,
'14.

Second Vice-President, Eva (Wassum)
Cunningham, '23.

Secretary, Louise (Brown) Hastings,
'23.

Treasurer, Philippa Gilchrist, '23.

Publicity Chairman, Janef Preston, '21.

Preparatory Schools Chairman, Elinor
Hamilton, '34.

Curriculum Chairman, Clara (Whips)
Dunn, '16.

House and Tea Room Chairman, Mary-
ellen (Harvey) Newton, '16.

Local Clubs Chairman, Mary Waller
Shepherd, '28.

Beautifying Grounds Chairman, Frances
(Gilliland) Stukes, '24.

Entertainment Chairman, Augusta
(Skeen) Cooper, '17.

Student Loan Chairman, Ladie Sue Wal-
lace, '26.

Constitution and By-Laws Chairman,
Patricia Collins, '28.

Mrs. Durrett read a letter from Dr. Mc-
Cain concerning the naming of the audi-
torium in the proposed music building
"Gaines Chapel" until such time as the
alumnae memorial chapel to Dr. Gaines is
built.

As there was no further business, the
meeting adjourned.

Respectfully submitted,
Frances (Gilliland) Stukes,

Secretary.

REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE
ALUMNAE ASSOCIATION

The reports of alumnae activities for the
year are now ready. In view of the con-
tinued stress of the economic situation, we
are grateful that we have been able to
maintain the chief features of our alumnae
program. In spite of necessary curtailment
in many lines, we believe that the spirit
of the work has not suffered.

Our General Secretary, Dorothy Hutton,
has continued her active interest and per-
sistent efforts for the welfare of the As-
sociation. The Executive Committee has
again unanimously re-elected her for an-
other year.

For your new officers, the present of-
ficers ask the assistance of the general
body of alumnae. Through financial aid,
helpful criticism, and actual participation
in alumnae endeavors, we can keep our
Association on the same high plane which
Agnes Scott alumnae have consistently
sought.

Respectfully submitted,
Cora (Morton) Durrett,

President.

REPORT OF THE GENERAL SECRE-
TARY OF THE ALUMNAE
ASSOCIATION

The Alumnae Secretary returned to the
College on September the fifth to resume
her many duties in the alumnae office.
Actual progress at first was retarded by
the condition of the Alumnae House, which
had been left at the mercies of painters
during the summer. With the House once
more in running order, work was begun in
earnest.

A dues campaign was launched as the
first step in planning for a new session.
Memberships were solicited among 1,200
former Association members, among the
graduates of '33, and among those students
who were unable to return to Agnes Scott
for this session. It was very gratifying
to have a response from over 50 per cent
of the class of '33, 56 out of the 99 now
being paid members of the Association.

October began with work on the Novem-
ber Quarterly. The office feels very grate-
ful that four regular issues of this publi-
cation have been printed with this July is-
sue. Favorable comments on this magazine
have been most encouraging. The office feels
that this publication has been more attract-
ive because of the courtesy of Phi Beta
Kappa, the American Association of Uni-
versity Women, and the Alumni Features
Service in allowing a reprint of interesting
articles which they have published. We have
also had a ready response from alumnae
and faculty in supplying articles of interest
to alumnae away from the College. An ef-
fort has been made to carry in each issue
at least two of these reprinted articles, a
resume of some alumnae project of gen-
eral interest such as the Alumnae Week-
end and Founder's Day and any outstand-
ing talks which have been delivered at the
College during the session such as the ad-
dress for Investiture and the talk by Dr.
Hayes on the Liberal Arts College. We
have tried also to include in each issue a
stimulating message from alumnae in some
field of business or professional endeavor,
and a complete report on clubs and in-
dividuals themselves as they continue to
move, marry, and have babies. By way of
advertising the Quarterly, complimentary
copies were sent all '33 members in No-
vember and members of the Granddaugh-
ters' Club in April. This latter issue was
of particular interest to granddaughters,
since it carried a picture of their group.
A word of thanks in passing should be
accorded class secretaries who send in
regular reports to the office, despite feeble
responses from class members in report-
ing on themselves. We of the Executive
Committee feel that very little of the
year's program deserves commendation,
unles it be that we have carried on our

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

23

Quarterly on a basis commensurate with
our standing as a college, and that we have
done this in spite of a reduced income from
dues and the Tea Room. The Alumnae
Secretary feels that any sacrifices that this
entailed were well worthwhile.

Attention has been regularly given the
files. A student who was in College on a
scholarship worked in the office three
hours a week. Her time, combined with
that of three girls regimented under CWA
work in the spring, made possible the cor-
rection of a mailing file. This has been
cross-referenced with the master file and
should make the office more efficient in
conducting dues drives from now on.

In November most of the time of the
Alumnae Secretary was devoted to the
work in connection with the third annual
Alumnae Week-end. It is unfortunately
impossible to diagnose the reactions of an
entire group in attendance on such an oc-
casion. The consensus of opinion, however,
seems to have indicated satisfaction with
the program as planned for this session,
but a desire for a new type of program,
and possibly a more convenient time for
nearby alumnae. In the spring we had a
caller from the University of California
who is making an inclusive report on
Alumni Education. He evidenced a great
deal of interest in the programs of the
past three years and was complimentary
about the way in which this project has
been handled.

The office has endeavored to maintain a
real contact with local clubs. Regular at-
tendance at the meetings of the Atlanta
Club, the Decatur Club, and the Business
Girls' Group of the Atlanta Club has been
maintained. In January the Alumnae Sec-
retary, accompanying the Field Alumnae
Secretary on a tour of Florida, had the
pleasure of meeting with groups in Savan-
nah, Tampa, Miami, and Jacksonville. The
organization of a Los Angeles Club and a
state-wide Mississippi Clubs brings the
total number of our organized groups up
to twenty-four.

The Granddaughters' Club was again
sponsored by the Alumnae Association.
The club held two business meetings dur-
ing the session, and served at the Home-
coming and Senior Teas. The July Quar-
terly carries an article on the activities
of individual granddaughters. We feel this
contact assures us of their loyalty as alum-
nae and reaches many of their mothers
whose interest has been side-tracked since
they left Agnes Scott.

A reunion of the class of '33 at Thanks-
giving brought back to the campus many
of this group. Over 1,000 letters were
mailed out in May to graduates and non-
graduates of '03, '04, '05, '06, '22, '23, '24,
'25, '32, '33, giving them a cordial invita-

tion to Commencement. This form letter
has been followed up by more personal let-
ters from class members in some instances
and by telephone invitations for those
locally.

Many prospective Florida students were
met in January, and this proved a happy
experience. In March the alumnae office,
with the help of the Field Alumnae Secre-
tary and the cooperation of the Atlanta
Club, entertained 190 local high school stu-
dents. Dr. McCain was pleased that 50 per
cent of those invited attended this all-day
Agnes Scott party.

The annual Founder's Day program was
broadcast over WSB on February 22nd
from three-thirty to four o'clock. A re-
port showed that twenty-one groups met
for this occasion, although few of them
could get the broadcast because of the
hour and local weather conditions.

Looking ahead, the alumnae office has
followed its former policy of making a
definite contact with members of the pres-
ent senior class. A form letter has called
their attention to the benefits of Associa-
tion membership. The seniors were enter-
tained at tea in May. At a recent class
meeting Carrie Scandrett, '24, presented
the program of the Alumnae Association
to the group.

Although the memberships have come in
at times at a discouragingly slow rate of
speed, necessitating during the year as
many as five dues notices, the office has
felt that the alumnae have not lost their
interest in the program of the Association
but have dropped their memberships temp-
orarily because of necessity. The encour-
agement of those who have kept up their
dues and the explanations of those having
to drop out of the organization have meant
much to the office.

The office feels that four definite recom-
mendations should be made for the com-
ing session: The office should make every
effort to maintain the Quarterly so that it
will be as representative of our college as
a similar publication of a similar insti-
tution. The plans for the next Alumnae
Week-end should be varied as much as
possible, in an effort to keep alive the good
beginning we have made in this project.
The time for the Founder's Day program
should be a night hour, if this be at all
possible on the basis of WSB's general
program. An attendance at both the
regional and national conventions of alum-
ni secretaries should be arranged; this
suggestion is made because it is felt much
of new inspiration has been lost through a
lack of contact the past two years and be-
cause we of the Executive Committee feel
that this is a valuable bit of advertising
for Agnes Scott and that this should be
done, even though it may mean curtailing

24

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

expenses elsewhere on the proposed bud-
get.

The Alumnae Secretary feels that her
report would not be complete without a
word of thanks first of all to the College
in giving us $800 toward our budget and
in providing student assistants during the
session to lighten the burden of the Secre-
tary and to make possible more accomp-
lishments for the office. The end of this
session brings to a close a term of office
for many fine officers and committee chair-
men. To these, and particularly to the
President and Treasurer who have given of
their time generously and willingly, the
Alumnae Secretary tenders a vote of
thanks. If we as a committee have failed
in making the report for these two years
as indicative of progress as we would have
liked to do, we may well feel satisfied that
we have conscientiously done our best. We
wish for the incoming officers and chair-
men no better opportunity to cement
friendships and bind them together in our
common loyalty to Agnes Scott than these
years have (Jffered us. But we can wish
them a term during which individual alum-
nae will feel an increasing interest and re-
sponsibility in the program of the organ-
ization we serve.

Respectfully submitted,

Dorothy Hutton,
General Secretary.

REPORT OF THE PUBLICITY COM-
MITTEE

During the past year the Publicity Com-
mittee has continued its efforts to secure
effective publicity for the College, and has,
we believe, made some progress.

One part of the work has been, as in
former years, to keep Agnes Scott rep-
resentatively before the public through the
newspapers. In trying to have regular, ac-
curate, and unsensational news of the Col-
lege given out through the press, the com-
mittee has worked indirectly through the
campus agencies that are responsible for
the reporting of news. By keeping in touch
with the members of the journalism club,
the Agonistic staff, and the paid student
reporters of the Atlanta papers, the com-
mittee chairman has been able to maintain
a perspective of the amount and kind of
news that has gone out from the college,
and from time to time to make sugges-
tions concerning items of news that should
receive publicity. A glance at the clipping
files of the journalism club will reveal the
gratifying fact that during the past year
the College and its activities have been fully
and, on the whole, favorably represented
in the newspapers of Atlanta and of other
cities. In the Atlanta Journal alone have
appeared more than 70 news articles, and

20 pictures, 15 of which were in the roto-
gravure section. A corresponding amount
of publicity has been carried on through
the other Atlanta papers, and many items
of general interest have gone out through
the Associated Press. The student report-
ers have not always been able to control
the kind of publicity that gets into the
papers. Inevitably the press pounced upon
the recent agitation for smoking privileges
on the campus and made feature stories of
it; but the final result of the student gov-
ernment questionnaire, revealing that a
minority of the student body desired such
privileges, was published as front page
news. The present amount of good public-
ity in the papers, due largely to the in-
creasingly alert work of the student re-
porters, presents a contrast to the dearth
of Agnes Scott news commented upon in
a meeting of the Alumnae Council two
years ago. The chairman of this committee
has conceived her function with regard to
newspaper publicity to be that of encour-
agement and stimulation of the student
agencies already at work, with the aim of
improving the amount and quality of col-
lege news sent out.

By far the most important work of the
Publicity Committee has been the Radio
Broadcasts, under the very capable direc-
tion of Mary Catherine Williamson, class
of '31. Since June 3, 1933, until the pres-
ent time, the College has been represented
over WSB of the Atlanta Journal by a
series of fifteen minute weekly broadcasts.
Except for necessray re-arrangements of
schedule due to daylight-saving time
changes in the East, the hour of the broad-
casts has been regular, a circumstance of
great importance in graining popularity
with a radio audience. On these programs
of the past year were presented approxi-
mately 115 persons representing Agnes
Scott; these included about 75 students, 20
members of the faculty and administration,
and 20 alumnae. In bringing members of
the faculty. Alumnae Association, and stu-
dent body before the public in this way, the
director of the programs made an effort to
represent Agnes Scott comprehensively: to
bring to the radio audience members of the
faculty in short talks on social, political,
and scientific subjects of cun-ent interest,
and in artistic programs; to present the
diverse activities of the campus and the
work of alumnae in varied professions, in
order to inform and interest the public in
what the Agnes Scott girl is doing on
the campus and what she does after grad-
uation. The primary purpose of all the
broadcasts has been to create by the sense
of sound a personal familiarity with the
College not always achieved by printed ad-
vertising. With this aim, an effort has
been made to select speakers with pleas-

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

25

ing voices and the ability to present their
subjects concisely and interestingly. There
has been no attempt to have through these
prog-rams a "radio university" or to sug-
gest any short cuts to education. We have
endeavored only to retain the interest of
those already interested in the college, and
to create an interest among those who
know little about us. The chairman of the
Publicity Committee considers the estab-
lishment of regular broadcasts to be the
most important work of the committee
during the past year, and she wishes to
express her appreciation of the invaluable
service of the director, Mary Catherine
Williamson.

Respectfully submitted,

Janef Preston,

Chairman.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON
PREPARATORY SCHOOLS

The Chaii-man of the Committee on Pre-
paratory Schools has scarcely any report
to make, as this work has been taken care
of so excellently by Penelope Brown, Field
Secretary. She has visited many high
schools in different sections of the country,
and has made a most favorable impression,
both for herself and for the College, on
the high school girls. A full account of her
work will be found in her report.

In the slate for the officers of the Alum-
nae Association for 1934-1936, it is noted
that Penelope Brown is nominee for the
Chairman of the Committee on Preparatory
Schoois. The present chairman feels that
this is a wise selection, as the combination
of the committee with the Field Secretary
will prevent a duplication of reports.
Respectfully submitted,
Vallie Young (White) Archibald,

Chairman.

I

REPORT ON PREPARATORY SCHOOLS
1933-1934

Since the Field Secretary of the Agnes
Scott Alumnae Association is in her work
in close contact with the high schools and
for the main part really represents the As-
sociation in this branch, the report of the
Preparatory Schools Committee has been
turned over to that office. The report is as
follows:

The work this year, 1933-1934, can be
divided into two classes: (1) Work in the
South with public high schools, talking
and showing the movies to groups of
various sizes traveling in the college car
entirely; and (2) work in the North, with
the private preparatory schools, contact-
ing headmistresses rather than students,
travel by train entirely. This last was a
new feature and largely experimental. It
has been felt for some time that definite

steps should be taken to gain closer con-
tact with private schools.

The Secretary traveled for the most
part of the time from October 17 through
April 28. She visited 111 cities in 9 states.
151 schools (149 high and 2 junior high)
were contacted. Talks to groups were made
in 90 and principals seen in 61 schools. The
movies were shown in 77 schools, and an in-
numerable number of times to alumnae,
parents, and prospects in groups and in-
dividually. Approximately 250 alumnae
outside of Atlanta and Decatur were seen
in group meetings (of which there were 12),
at home, or at the schools. The alumnae
were again most helpful as contacts for
schools, hostesses, traveling companions
and aids of all sorts. Dorothy Hutton, '29;
Martha Skeen, '34; Elinor Hamilton, '34,
and Louise Stakely, '32, accompanied the
secretary on different trips. Diana Dyer,
'32, represented Agnes Scott at College
Day in Greensboro, N. C, at the request
of the office.

Approximately $378.70 was spent on
traveling expenses while on trips. The
reasonableness of this amount is again due
to the lovely hospitality and splendid co-
operation of the alumnae in each city; and
much thanks is due to each and every one
who helped in any way.

When the Secretary was at the College
a great deal of work was done through cor-
respondence with the high schools. In Sep-
tember letters and notices of the com-
petitive examinations were sent to:

(1) Those schools visited, 1932-1933;

(2) Those schools represented in the

Competitive Exams, 1932-1933;

(3) Certain picked private schools.

Notices were sent without letters to ap-
proximately 1000 schools. As a result of all
this, about 120 took the examinations.
Catalogues and bulletins were sent to cer-
tain chosen schools from time to time dur-
ing the year. Representatives from schools
(Chattanooga, Columbus, and Cartersville)
were invited to the College as guests for
May Day. After each trip, letters were
written to the principals of each school
visited, thanking them for their cooper-
ation. Annuals (12 all available) were
sent to chosen schools. Follow-up work
for individuals was done by the office, by
the Secretary and by members of Mortar
Board (as part of their project).

Respectfully submitted,

Penelope Brown,
Field Secretary.

REPORT OF HOUSE AND GROUNDS
COMMITTEE

The care and upkeep of the garden has
been the chief endeavor of this committee.
We have weeded and worked it as often as
possible throughout the year. The balance

26

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

of $114.67 has been paid on the garden
with the understanding that the pledged
amounts be turned in as qucikly as they
come in.

Since the completion and upkeep of this
garden is dependent upon the alumnae
clubs and since this is a major project of
the alumnae groups, we would like to urge
as many clubs, far and near, to pledge a
definite sum to the upkeep of it. A hun-
dred dollars is necessary for a year's
maintenance and this could so easily be
done with ten clubs pledging $10.00 a-
piece. So please, alumnae, take this mes-
sage back to your groups.

It is a worthwhile undertaking and we
must go forward in its development. Many
plants and seeds, as well as plant food, are
needed, and your committee can accomplish
a great deal more if it has your support
and also has a definite amount to make
these purchases.

Many on the campus have told us of the
joy the garden gives and we are sure that
it will give even greater pleasure as it
grows and is better equipped.

Your chairman takes a great deal ot
pride in development of this garden and
hopes that it will be allowed to continue
to grow and to spread its beauty throu^n-
out succeeding years by the loyal support
of alumnae everywhere.

Respectfully submitted,
Louise (Brown) Hastings,

Chairmau.

REPORT OF THE LOCAL CLUBS
COMMITTEE

The work of the Committee on Loca.i
Clubs has again been carried on mos,uy
through the alumnae office, the help of the
Field Secretary being invaluable.

During the year 1933-1934, eight \im\.
including Atlanta and Decatur) of the 22
cities where local clubs of the Agnes Scott
Alumnae Association are organized were
visited by the Field Secretary, Penelope
Brown. In five of these (Birmingham,
Jacksonville, Miami, Columbus, Ga.; Co-
lumbia, S. C.) meetings were held in the
afternoon or night at one of the members'
homes. The movies were shown and cam-
pus gossip and latest news of the College
given to the alumnae. In the three other
towns (New York, Greenville, S. C, and
Montgomei-y) groups met not as a club,
but informally, either at some place con-
venient, a home, or school, to see the
movies. In five other towns, where there
are no organized clubs (Tampa, Augusta,
Ga.: Dalton, Ga.; Madison, Ga., and Savan-
nah) groups met to see the pictures. The
Secretary tried in every town visited to let
the alumnae know that she was coming
and to get them together if they wished.
Many times several came to the high

schools. The "get-togethers" did not ma-
terialize in many places. Where there were
no group meetings of any kind the Secre-
tary tried to get in touch with the alumnae
by other means, calls, telephoning, etc.

The Secretary has tried also to keep in
touch with the Atlanta and Decatur Clubs,
but has been in the city so few times on
the day of meeting that it has been diffi-
cult to attend with any regularity at all.

In addition to the contacts of the Field
Alumnae Secretary, the Alumnae Secre-
tary accompanied her in Savannah, Tampa,
Jacksonville, and Miami. She has also
regularly attended the meetings of the At-
lanta Club, the Decatur Club and the Busi-
ness Girls' Group of the Atlanta Club.

Two new clubs have been organized: A
Los Angeles, Calif., Club and a State-Wide
Mississippi Club. Thanks to the efforts of
Elaine Exton, ex- '31, the organizer of the
New York Agnes Scott Club, the Los
Angeles group came into organized activ-
ity. The Mississippi group was organized
on Founder's Day under the direction of
Annie Tait Jenkins, '14, and Sarah (Till)
Davis, '22.

A club bulletin has been sent from time
to time to organized groups, and form let-
ters about the garden sent to all organized
clubs from the Alumnae Secretary, the
Chairman of the Grounds Committee. Pic-
tures of the garden, paid for by the Alum-
nae Association, were enclosed.

Alumnae club projects have included the
following: by the Atlanta Club a bazaar
before Christmas, a bridge party in the
spring, a luncheon in the fall, a trip to
Sears Roebuck, a party for high school
seniors in March, and a tea at the time of
the meetings of the Georgia Federation of
Women's Clubs in April; by the Decatur
Club a benefit dinner and a trip to Sears
Roebuck Company, the party for the chil-~
dren of alumnae during Commencement
week-end; and by the Columbus Club, a
trip for four prospective high school stu-
dents to Agnes Scott May. Day and
Senior Opera.

The following donations have been made
by clubs:

Gift of $500.00 to the College by the
Atlanta Club.

Tea Room curtains by the Decatur Club.

Check from Baltimore Club for use of a
deserving student second semester.

Gift of $5.00 from the Knoxville Club
which made possible new curtains for the
upstairs bedrooms.

Gift of fine specimens of cactus plants
from the Los Angeles Club.

Gift of 100 yellow tulip bulbs from the
Lynchburg, Va., Club.

Gift of linen luncheon sets from the New
Orleans Club last May, too late for last
year's report.

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

27

Gift of $7.25 from the Tuscumbia, Shef-
field and Florence, Ala., Club which was
used for new curtains for the upstairs sit-
ting room.

The following local clubs met on Found-
er's Day:

Birmingham, Ala.

Montgomery, Ala.

Tuscumbia, Sheffield, and Florence, Ala.

Atlanta, Ga.

Decatur, Ga.

Mississippi.

New York City.

Western North Carolina.

Charlotte, N. C.

Columbia, S. C.

Knoxville, Tenn.

Memphis, Tenn.

Richmond, Va.

In looking over this report the attention
of the committee chairman is called to
the cooperation with which the alumnae
clubs have 'responded during the year.
The three purposes and aims of the clubs
as suggested last year, viz: keeping alive
interest in Agnes Scott, cooperating with
the College in creating interest among
good prospective students at Agnes Scott,
and making some material gift to the Col-
lege, have been accomplished to a great de-
gree. And may we ever be as loyal to
our Alma Mater.

Respectfully submitted,
Emily (Spivey) Simmons,

Chairman.

REPORT OF THE CURRICULUM
COMMITTEE

The Curriculum Committee, the Alumnae
President and the Alumnae Secretary met
with Dr. McCain at the College in October
and planned the following program for the
third Alumnae Week-end:

Friday, December 1, 1933:
10:00-10:30 A. M. 'Books," Margaret

(Bland) Sewell.
10:30-11:30 A. M. "The Cuban Situation,"

Miss Florence Smith.
11:30-12:30 P. M. "Fundamentals of Child
Rearing," Dr. W. W.
Young.
12:30- 1:30 P. M. Luncheon in White
House Dining Room.
- 2:30 P. M. "Christ in Art," Miss

Louise Lewis.
3:30 P.M. "Macbeth," Dr. George

P. Hayes.
6:00 P. M. Book Exhibit in Main

Building.
8:30 P.M. Dance Recital,
Isabel Cooper.
10:00 P. M. Reception for
Cooper.
Saturday, December 2, 1933:
8:00-10:00 A. M. Visiting classes.
10:00-10:30 A. M. Chapel.

1:30

2:30-

3:30-

Miss
Miss

10:30-12:30 P. M. Visiting classes.
4 : 00- 6 : 00 P. M. Annual Home-Coming
Tea.

In making up the program, the Commit-
tee based the selection of subjects and
speakers on suggestions from alumnae.
Since the first week-end, there has been a
prevailing sentiment favoring lectures by
our own faculty. We are proud to have
been able to make up a program, with one
exception, from our own faculty and alum-
nae.

After the plans were completed, three
stimulating letters were sent out from the
alumnae office, revealing the plans and
urging attendance. Under the able direc-
tion of our publicity chairman, Janef
Preston, students displayed their ability in
publishing impressive and effective notices
in the Agonistic and in the Atlanta papers.

The January Quarterly carried a list of
those who registered for the lectures,
luncheon and tea approximately one hun-
dred. We regret, however, that registra-
tion was not complete; many attended who
did not register. In the same Quarterly,
Fannie G. (Mayson) Donaldson most ade-
quately reviewed the week-end and gave a
resume of each lecture. Margaret (Bland)
Sewell's talk was printed in full.

There have been many general state-
ments regarding the whole plan of the
week-end, but few concrete criticisms and
suggestions for subsequent programs. The
plan of one full day with lectures in the
morning and afternoon rather than two
half days seems to have met with general
approval. We are passing on to the in-
coming committee one suggestion which has
come to us, but upon which we have taken
no action that the Home-Coming Tea on
Saturday be abolished and, in its place, a
joint meeting of the Atlanta and Decatur
Clubs be held during the fall. The annual
tea was well established long before the
week-end was instituted and is not a child
of the Curriculum Committee. The tea is
in honor of Miss Anna Young and is a
birthday party to the Alumnae House and
it dees not seem to fall within the juris-
diction of this committee to abolish it or
recommend such a step. Names suggested
for membership on the Curriculum Com-
mittee are filed in the office.

We are indebted to Dr. McCain and the
faculty for their generous cooperation in
planning the week-end and making it a
success. We are grateful to the speakers
who so beautifully gave their time and
thought to the program. I am personally
grateful to the members of my committee
and especially to the Alumnae Secretary
who responded so willingly and carried out
details in the emergency of my unavoid-
able absence and inability to sei-ve during
part of the term. I appreciate the privilege

28

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

of having served on this committee for
the past two years the personal gain
means a great deal to me.

To the new committee we relinquish the
pleasure of planning the alumnae courses
of study and the challenge to stimulate
continued study after college in the spirit
of our Alma Mater.

Respectfully submitted,
Mary Ben (Wright) Erwin,

Chairman.

REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON CONSTI-
TUTION AND BY-LAWS

The committee on Constitution and By-
Laws begs leave to submit the following
report:

The provisions of your Constitution and
By-Laws seem, in the main, to be adequate
for present needs, since no necessary ad-
dition to or deletion of the paragraphs
therein has come to the attention of your
committee, save one. That one suggestion
concerns Article IV, h, of the By-Laws.

It is submitted that:

Since it is the duty of the Preparatory
Schools Committee to ". . . present the
advantages of Agnes iScott College to the
students of accredited preparatory schools,
by methods approved by the Executive
Committee," and

Since it is the present general policy of
the College to retain a regular Field Alum-
nae Secretary, and

Since it is within the office of this Sec-
retary to visit all preparatory schools
within range of Agnes Scott, and to pre-
sent data indicative of the standing of the
College, and

Since her position is such an advan-
tageous one for gathering information to
present in concrete and workable form.

It is recommended that:

The Field Alumnae Secretary appointed
by the College, be hereafter named ex-of-
ficio the Chairman of the Preparatory
Schools Committee.

That provisional amendments to be ef-
fective in and during the continuation of
the College's present program for a regu-
lar Alumnae Field Secretary, be added to
Article IV, section h, and that said amend-
ments be numbered, h (1), and h (2), and
that they read respectively as follows:

h (1) The Field Alumnae Secretary ap-
pointed by the College shall be ex-officio
chairman of this committee, this section to
become void in the event of the discon-
tinuance by the College of the practice of
appointing a Field Alumnae Secretary.

h (2) The restriction set out in Article
II, section 4, of the Constitution shall have
no application to this ex-officio member.
Respectively submitted,

Patricia Collins,

Chairman.

REPORT OF THE STUDENT LOAN
COMMITTEE
Receipts
Balance on hand from 1932-1933

session $30.14

Savings bank interest .22

Repaid loan 15.00

Repaid loan 25.00

Total $70.36

Disbursements
Loan made $20.00

Balance on hand May, 1934 $50.36

In July, 1933, nine former students who
still owe this committee money were writ-
ten individually. The letter called atten-
tion to the fact that there are students
now in College who would be eligible for
loans, if there were sufficient funds to
enable the committee to make them. Each
of the alumnae was urged to repay her
loan at the earliest date possible. One
alumna responded with a check for $15.00
as part payment of her debt. Of the other
eight only one made an explanation of her
not being able to meet this obligation then.

A loan was made for a student now in
College. This amount ($20.00) was repaid
during the session.

There is now $1,000 out on fourteen
alumnae accounts and $45.00 out on one
student account.

An appeal is made again to alumnae to
replace their loans at the earliest moment
possible, so that this committee can func-
tion more successfully and make it pos-
sible to lend money to students who are
deserving.

Respectfully submitted,
Hattie Lee (West) Candler,

Chairman.

REPORT OF THE ENTERTAINMENT
COMMITTEE

During the past year the Entertainment
Committee has functioned on seven oc-
casions at Agnes Scott.

A tea for the new students was given
at the Alumnae House on September 15,
the purpose of this tea being to familiar-
ize the new students with the usages of
the Alumnae House. Eighty-three guests
called during the afternoon.

On Saturday, October 28, the Entertam-
ment Committee gave a tea for those who
had taken part on the Agnes Scott radio
programs, thus showing our appreciation
of their work for Agnes Scott. Twenty-five
guests called.

On December 2 the Committee sponsorea
the annual Home-Coming Tea at the Alum-
nae House. Fifty-three guests, including
faculty and alumnae, called during the
afternoon. Members of the Granddaugh-
ters' Club served.

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

29

The Alumnae Secretary entertained
members of the Granddaughters' Club at
two informal meetings this year, one
meeting taking place in September and the
other in May. These meetings were spons-
ored by the Entertainment Committee.

The Committee gave a tea for the Senior
Class in the Alumnae Garden in May, at
which time eighty-six guests called. Mem-
bers of the Granddaughters' Club again as-
sisted.

At Commencement this Committee took
charge of procuring flowers and decorat-
ing for the annual Trustees' Luncheon. The
Committee also entertained at Open House
in the Alumnae House on Saturday of Com-
mencement,

The following will show what disposition
the Entertainment Committee made of the
money allotted it this year.
September, 1933

Freshman Tea $10.00

Granddaughters' Meeting 1.35

October, 1933^

Radio Tea 4.68

December, 1933

Home-Coming Tea 14.41

May, 1934

Senior Tea 6.85

Granddaughters' Meeting .80

Open House 12.75

$50.84
The Entertainment Committee would
recommend that two changes be made in
the schedule of entertainments:

1. That the Senior Tea be sponsored by
the Atlanta and Decatur Clubs and that
only the alumnae and faculty be invited to
the Open House at Commencement Week-
end.

2. That the Thanksgiving Tea be abol-
ished, as the purpose of this meeting was
social contact between alumnae and mem-
bers of the faculty. Mrs. Eagan suggested
that the purpose could be better accom-
plished by a joint meeting of the Decatur
and Atlanta Clubs at the Alumnae House,
with the faculty invited in for tea.

Respectfully submitted,
Margaret (McDow) MacDougall,

Chairman.

REPORT OF THE HOUSE AND TEA
ROOM COMMITTEE

The House and Tea Room Committee
begs to submit the following report for the
session 193.3-1934.

At the end of May, 1933, the existing
Tea Room debt to the Alumnae Association
was $152.63. There was on hand at that
time a balance of $100.00. As it was neces-
sary for the manager of the Tea Room to
have some cash to buy supplies in Septem-
ber, this money was reserved for that pur-
pose. During this session three payments

have been made on the debt one in De-
cember of $40.83, and one in March of
$56.84. $54.96 was paid in May of this
year.

Receipts: September-June $3942.38

Disbursements: September- June 3942.38
The Tea Room has operated at a loss the
past year both to the Alumnae Associa-
tion and the manager. The loss in rent
amounts to $136.00 from September
through May, while the loss to Mrs. Nisbet
is $179.78 for the same time.

Last summer the Alumnae House was
redecorated at a cost of $264.00. Half of
this amount was paid by the alumnae and
the other half by the College, the latter
being taken ouit of the money given by the
College.

$4.53 was obtained from the sale of mag-
azines and the money used to buy rugs for
one of the bedrooms. $33.95 was returned
by the Decatur Bank & Trust Company.
This money was used for the following
improvements: $22.95 for paint and labor
for Tea Room furniture; $9.00 for addi-
tional cups and saucers; $2.95 for kitchen
equipment.

During the session, fifty people have
stayed in the Alumnae House. Two non-
alumnae, Miss Elizabeth Coddington and
Miss Louise Miller were allowed to have
rooms in the House at $15.00 a month. The
Alumnae Association authorized this ac-
tion in view of the fact that there was
a Tea Room debt and money was needed
badly.

At the meeting of the Tea Room Com-
mittee on October 30, 1933, the commit-
tee recommended to Mi's. Nisbet that she
try serving sandwiches and drinks cafe-
teria style at the noon hour. Complaints
were reported at this meeting that some
prices were high and that the service was
very slow. Commercial sandwiches at five
cents each were ordered and sweet milk at
five cents a glass was served in addition
to the usual menu. Sara Bowman talked
to the students and Dorothy Hutton made
an appeal by letter. A special effort was
made to reach the day students and inter-
est them in coming to the Tea Room. The
manager reported fairly good results from
this change.

Mrs. Nisbet stated that she could not
continue as manager another year without
a guaranteed salary. The committee de-
cided that a salary could not be guaranteed
at the present time in view of the losses of
the past year and with no promise of trade
being better another year.

The Committee wishes to express to Mrs.
Nisbet their appreciation of her work,
especially her efforts during the past year.
Respectfully submitted,

Imogene Allen,

Chairman.

A Word of Appreciation to the Alumnae:

The Alumnae Field Secretary wishes to
take this opportunity to thank the alum-
nae, individually and collectively for their
splendid cooperation in making it possible
for work to be done in the various high
schools in the cities visited in the past two
years. Without the help of clubs in many
places and of individuals and groups in
others, much of the work could not have
been done and traveling expenses could not
have been kept as low. The alumnae simp-
ly outdid themselves in hospitality. The
secretary wishes to express appreciation to
each personally for herself, and officially
for the Association and the College.

Penelope Brown, Field Secretary.

H- P ^ *

The Alumnae Garden Roses are said to
have attracted the attention of a visitor
from Leamington, England, known the
world over for its own wonderful roses.
The pergola has been beautiful for the
month of May and the many visitors at

Commencement time got to enjoy them too.

* * * *

Elinor Hamilton, *34, will succeed Pene-
lope Brown, '32, as Field Alumnae Secre-
tary next session. Elinor is a member of
Mortar Board, a Phi Beta Kappa, Editor-
in-Chief of the 1934 Silhouette, and alto-
gether a well-qualified successor to Penny,
as fine and thorough as she has been in
her work.

^ :>: ^ %

264 Students This Session were in Col-
lege on service scholarships; that is, they
gave back to the College some measure of
service for their tuition. Of this number,
140 answered the dormitory telephones on
a regular schedule from eight in the morn-
ing until ten-thirty at night and all dur-
ing the week-end.

* * * *

The Hopkins Jewel was this year award-
ed to Nolle Chamlee of Canton, Ga.

A Handsome Silver Service, consisting
of two coffee urns, two cream pitchers and
sugar bowls, and two trays, was recently
given the College by Student Government
from funds returned from the Decatur
Bank and Trust Company.
* * * *

A Portrait of Dr. McCain is felt to be a
real need. To this end Student Government
is working yearly. A sum of money was
laid aside by them this year, and added to
it was $58.50 from the rent of hoods this
Commencement.

Granddaughters have held the following
honors and offices on the campus this ses-
sion: Lucy Goss, '34, was elected to Phi
Beta Kappa, was named "Miss Health,"
and was President of the local chapter of
Chi Beta Phi Sigma. Elizabeth Winn, '34,
was President of Mortar Board and Pi
Alpha Phi, and was elected to Phi Beta
Kappa. Mary Hamilton, '34, was elected to
Phi Beta Kappa, was Editor-in-Chief of
the Agonistic. Charlotte Reid, '34, was
Vice-President of Student Government,
President of the Granddaughters' Club,
and May Queen. Elaine Heckle, '34, was
President of Blackfriars. Florence Preston,
'34, was Pi'esident of the Student Volun-
teer Group. Alberta Palmour, '35, will
serve as President of Student Government
in '35. Martha Redwine, '35, vdll be Pres-
ident of the 1935 Y. W. C. A. cabinet, and
the 1935 Graddaughters' Club. Elizabeth
Forman, '36, will be Junior Class Presi-
dent next session, has sei-ved as Secretary
and Treasurer of the 1934 Granddaughters'
Club. Virginia Gaines, '36, will be Vice-
President of the 1935 Granddaughters'
Club. Fannie B. Harris, '37, has been fresh-
man representative on Student Government
this session. Barton Bush Jackson, '37, will
serve as Secretary and Treasurer of the
1935 Granddaughters' Club.

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

31

The Beck Memorial Schloraship of $2,-

000 a year for one, two or three years of
graduate work was awarded to Virginia
Heard, '33. Virginia competed against can-
didates from Emory and the University of
Georgia. We are signally proud of her
achievement.

The Quenelle Harrold Fellowship has

been awarded to Laura Robinson of the
class of '31.

* * * *

Nine of the Class of '34 were graduated
with honors, five of that number with high
honors.

* * * *

A Silver Punch Ladle was recently sent
to the Alumnae House as a gift by Agnes
Scott Donaldson, '17. This is a handsome
piece of silver, and is especially valuable
as it is marked with the initials of Agnes
Scott, for whom our College was founded.

The Mortar Board Quarterly carried the
following accounts in a recent issue: "In
recent years, through the mutual cooper-
ation of faculty and students, an easy re-
lationship between the two groups (at
Agnes Scott College) has come to exist.
The following ways have worked with suc-
cess. The fall gymnasium season closes
with a faculty-senior volley-ball game.
Throughout the year the faculty members
participate in intercollegiate tennis matches
and serve as referees and umpires for other
athletic games. On Sunday afternoons
faculty members hold informal 'open house'
to which students are invited. During the
year various faculty members have charge
of Tuesday night prayers and mid-week
coffee. Traditional Senior Coffee offers
an opportunity for faculty and seniors to
meet informally for a few minutes after
Sunday dinner. A growing realization of
the need for a closer relationship between
students and faculty for a closer unified
college life has brought on a series of new
projects, many yet to be tried." Signed by
Mary Ames, '34; and "Mortar Boards are
proud of: Janef Preston of Agnes Scott
because she is a leader of young women;
because of the beauty of her poetry which
has been published widely."

New Class Secretaries include the fol-
lowing: Lucile (Little) Morgan, '23; Cora
(Morton) Durrett, '24; Emily (Spivey)
Simmons, '25; Grace (Fincher) Trimble,
'32, and Isabel Lowrance, '34.

* * * *

The Columbus, Ga., Club has elected the
following officers: Hallie (Alexander)
Turner, President; Marjorie Gamble, Sec-
retary and Treasurer; and Antoinette
(Blackburn) Rust, Publicity Chairman.

The New Orleans Club is again working
on luncheon sets for use in the Tea Room.
An attractive supply from this group last
year helped make the Tea Room more in-
viting this session. Helen (Lane) Com-
fort is the newly elected President of this
club. The group entertained prospective

Agnes Scott students at tea in May.

* * * *

The Los Angeles Club recently sent the
Alumnae Association a wonderful selection
of cacti and other plants well-known to
Californians. This gift was made possible
by a shower of the members in April.

* * * *

1919 Alumnae Phi Beta Kappas initiated
on May 26 were: Mary Lois Eve, Margaret
(Leech) Cook, Frances (Sledd) Blake, and
Marguerite (Watts) Cooper.

The Agnes Scott College Broadcasts vnll
continue every Wednesday afternoon from
five until five-fifteen, Atlanta time. These
programs are under the able direction of
Janef Preston, Chairman of the Publicity
Committee.

* * * *

Mortar Board elections at Agnes Scott
this spring named the following ten girls
for the 1935 session: Mary Green, Loice
Richards and Nell Pattillo of Decatur;
Mary Boggs of Birmingham; Mary Jane
Evans of Fort Valley; Anna Humber of
Clarksdale, Miss.; Frances McCalla of
Little Rock, Alberta Palmour of College
Park; Martha Redwine of Fayetteville;
Caroline Long of Statesville, N. C.

A Year's Extension on campaign pledges
has been granted. $1,100,000 of the pledged
$1,500,000 has been collected to date.

J^ iti * *

No Student Expulsion is the fine record
of the Student Government Association for
the past year.

FOR REFERENCE

NOT TO BE TAKEN FROM
THIS ROOM